bio-datasets/bigbio-ner-merged · Datasets at Hugging Face

answer stringlengths 1 16.1k	id stringlengths 7 56	instruction stringlengths 106 72.6k	ner_tags list	text stringlengths 5 72.4k	tokens list	types list
Antinuclear antibodies is a Outcome_Physical, enalapril is a Intervention_Pharmacological	85904_task0	Sentence: Antinuclear antibodies with enalapril . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Physical	[ "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O" ]	Antinuclear antibodies with enalapril .	[ "Antinuclear", "antibodies", "with", "enalapril", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]
Antinuclear antibodies is a Outcome_Physical, enalapril is a Intervention_Pharmacological	85904_task1	Sentence: Antinuclear antibodies with enalapril . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Antinuclear antibodies, enalapril Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Physical	[ "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O" ]	Antinuclear antibodies with enalapril .	[ "Antinuclear", "antibodies", "with", "enalapril", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]
Antinuclear antibodies, enalapril	85904_task2	Sentence: Antinuclear antibodies with enalapril . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O" ]	Antinuclear antibodies with enalapril .	[ "Antinuclear", "antibodies", "with", "enalapril", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]
GJB2 is a Gene, GJB2 is a Gene, connexin 26 is a Gene, Cx26 is a Gene, GJB2 is a Gene, 35delG is a SNP, 35delG is a SNP, W24X is a SNP, non-35delG is a SNP, 35delG is a SNP, Cx26 is a Gene	523_task0	Sentence: GJB2 mutations in Iranians with autosomal recessive non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Hereditary hearing loss (HHL) is an extremely common disorder. About 70% of HHL is non-syndromic, with autosomal recessive forms accounting for approximately 85% of the genetic load. Although very heterogeneous, the most common cause of HHL in many different world populations is mutations of GJB2, a gene that encodes the gap junction protein connexin 26 (Cx26). This study investigates the contribution of GJB2 to the autosomal recessive non-syndromic deafness (ARNSD) load in the Iranian population. One hundred sixty eight persons from 83 families were studied. GJB2-related deafness was diagnosed in 9 families (4, 35delG homozygotes; 3, 35delG compound heterozygotes; 1, W24X homozygote; 1, non-35delG compound heterozygote). The carrier frequency of the 35delG allele in this population was approximately 1% (1/83). Because the relative frequency of Cx26 mutations is much less than in the other populations, it is possible that mutations in other genes play a major role in ARNSD in Iran. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Gene, SNP	[ "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "I-Gene", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	GJB2 mutations in Iranians with autosomal recessive non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Hereditary hearing loss (HHL) is an extremely common disorder. About 70% of HHL is non-syndromic, with autosomal recessive forms accounting for approximately 85% of the genetic load. Although very heterogeneous, the most common cause of HHL in many different world populations is mutations of GJB2, a gene that encodes the gap junction protein connexin 26 (Cx26). This study investigates the contribution of GJB2 to the autosomal recessive non-syndromic deafness (ARNSD) load in the Iranian population. One hundred sixty eight persons from 83 families were studied. GJB2-related deafness was diagnosed in 9 families (4, 35delG homozygotes; 3, 35delG compound heterozygotes; 1, W24X homozygote; 1, non-35delG compound heterozygote). The carrier frequency of the 35delG allele in this population was approximately 1% (1/83). Because the relative frequency of Cx26 mutations is much less than in the other populations, it is possible that mutations in other genes play a major role in ARNSD in Iran.	[ "GJB2", "mutations", "in", "Iranians", "with", "autosomal", "recessive", "non", "-", "syndromic", "sensorineural", "hearing", "loss", ".", "Hereditary", "hearing", "loss", "(", "HHL", ")", "is", "an", "extremely", "common", "disorder", ".", "About", "70", "%", "of", "HHL", "is", "non", "-", "syndromic", ",", "with", "autosomal", "recessive", "forms", "accounting", "for", "approximately", "85", "%", "of", "the", "genetic", "load", ".", "Although", "very", "heterogeneous", ",", "the", "most", "common", "cause", "of", "HHL", "in", "many", "different", "world", "populations", "is", "mutations", "of", "GJB2", ",", "a", "gene", "that", "encodes", "the", "gap", "junction", "protein", "connexin", "26", "(", "Cx26", ")", ".", "This", "study", "investigates", "the", "contribution", "of", "GJB2", "to", "the", "autosomal", "recessive", "non", "-", "syndromic", "deafness", "(", "ARNSD", ")", "load", "in", "the", "Iranian", "population", ".", "One", "hundred", "sixty", "eight", "persons", "from", "83", "families", "were", "studied", ".", "GJB2-related", "deafness", "was", "diagnosed", "in", "9", "families", "(", "4", ",", "35delG", "homozygotes", ";", "3", ",", "35delG", "compound", "heterozygotes", ";", "1", ",", "W24X", "homozygote", ";", "1", ",", "non-35delG", "compound", "heterozygote", ")", ".", "The", "carrier", "frequency", "of", "the", "35delG", "allele", "in", "this", "population", "was", "approximately", "1", "%", "(", "1/83", ")", ".", "Because", "the", "relative", "frequency", "of", "Cx26", "mutations", "is", "much", "less", "than", "in", "the", "other", "populations", ",", "it", "is", "possible", "that", "mutations", "in", "other", "genes", "play", "a", "major", "role", "in", "ARNSD", "in", "Iran", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Gene", "SNP" ]
GJB2 is a Gene, GJB2 is a Gene, connexin 26 is a Gene, Cx26 is a Gene, GJB2 is a Gene, 35delG is a SNP, 35delG is a SNP, W24X is a SNP, non-35delG is a SNP, 35delG is a SNP, Cx26 is a Gene	523_task1	Sentence: GJB2 mutations in Iranians with autosomal recessive non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Hereditary hearing loss (HHL) is an extremely common disorder. About 70% of HHL is non-syndromic, with autosomal recessive forms accounting for approximately 85% of the genetic load. Although very heterogeneous, the most common cause of HHL in many different world populations is mutations of GJB2, a gene that encodes the gap junction protein connexin 26 (Cx26). This study investigates the contribution of GJB2 to the autosomal recessive non-syndromic deafness (ARNSD) load in the Iranian population. One hundred sixty eight persons from 83 families were studied. GJB2-related deafness was diagnosed in 9 families (4, 35delG homozygotes; 3, 35delG compound heterozygotes; 1, W24X homozygote; 1, non-35delG compound heterozygote). The carrier frequency of the 35delG allele in this population was approximately 1% (1/83). Because the relative frequency of Cx26 mutations is much less than in the other populations, it is possible that mutations in other genes play a major role in ARNSD in Iran. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: GJB2, GJB2, connexin 26, Cx26, GJB2, 35delG, 35delG, W24X, non-35delG, 35delG, Cx26 Options: Gene, SNP	[ "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "I-Gene", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	GJB2 mutations in Iranians with autosomal recessive non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Hereditary hearing loss (HHL) is an extremely common disorder. About 70% of HHL is non-syndromic, with autosomal recessive forms accounting for approximately 85% of the genetic load. Although very heterogeneous, the most common cause of HHL in many different world populations is mutations of GJB2, a gene that encodes the gap junction protein connexin 26 (Cx26). This study investigates the contribution of GJB2 to the autosomal recessive non-syndromic deafness (ARNSD) load in the Iranian population. One hundred sixty eight persons from 83 families were studied. GJB2-related deafness was diagnosed in 9 families (4, 35delG homozygotes; 3, 35delG compound heterozygotes; 1, W24X homozygote; 1, non-35delG compound heterozygote). The carrier frequency of the 35delG allele in this population was approximately 1% (1/83). Because the relative frequency of Cx26 mutations is much less than in the other populations, it is possible that mutations in other genes play a major role in ARNSD in Iran.	[ "GJB2", "mutations", "in", "Iranians", "with", "autosomal", "recessive", "non", "-", "syndromic", "sensorineural", "hearing", "loss", ".", "Hereditary", "hearing", "loss", "(", "HHL", ")", "is", "an", "extremely", "common", "disorder", ".", "About", "70", "%", "of", "HHL", "is", "non", "-", "syndromic", ",", "with", "autosomal", "recessive", "forms", "accounting", "for", "approximately", "85", "%", "of", "the", "genetic", "load", ".", "Although", "very", "heterogeneous", ",", "the", "most", "common", "cause", "of", "HHL", "in", "many", "different", "world", "populations", "is", "mutations", "of", "GJB2", ",", "a", "gene", "that", "encodes", "the", "gap", "junction", "protein", "connexin", "26", "(", "Cx26", ")", ".", "This", "study", "investigates", "the", "contribution", "of", "GJB2", "to", "the", "autosomal", "recessive", "non", "-", "syndromic", "deafness", "(", "ARNSD", ")", "load", "in", "the", "Iranian", "population", ".", "One", "hundred", "sixty", "eight", "persons", "from", "83", "families", "were", "studied", ".", "GJB2-related", "deafness", "was", "diagnosed", "in", "9", "families", "(", "4", ",", "35delG", "homozygotes", ";", "3", ",", "35delG", "compound", "heterozygotes", ";", "1", ",", "W24X", "homozygote", ";", "1", ",", "non-35delG", "compound", "heterozygote", ")", ".", "The", "carrier", "frequency", "of", "the", "35delG", "allele", "in", "this", "population", "was", "approximately", "1", "%", "(", "1/83", ")", ".", "Because", "the", "relative", "frequency", "of", "Cx26", "mutations", "is", "much", "less", "than", "in", "the", "other", "populations", ",", "it", "is", "possible", "that", "mutations", "in", "other", "genes", "play", "a", "major", "role", "in", "ARNSD", "in", "Iran", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Gene", "SNP" ]
GJB2, GJB2, connexin 26, Cx26, GJB2, 35delG, 35delG, W24X, non-35delG, 35delG, Cx26	523_task2	Sentence: GJB2 mutations in Iranians with autosomal recessive non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Hereditary hearing loss (HHL) is an extremely common disorder. About 70% of HHL is non-syndromic, with autosomal recessive forms accounting for approximately 85% of the genetic load. Although very heterogeneous, the most common cause of HHL in many different world populations is mutations of GJB2, a gene that encodes the gap junction protein connexin 26 (Cx26). This study investigates the contribution of GJB2 to the autosomal recessive non-syndromic deafness (ARNSD) load in the Iranian population. One hundred sixty eight persons from 83 families were studied. GJB2-related deafness was diagnosed in 9 families (4, 35delG homozygotes; 3, 35delG compound heterozygotes; 1, W24X homozygote; 1, non-35delG compound heterozygote). The carrier frequency of the 35delG allele in this population was approximately 1% (1/83). Because the relative frequency of Cx26 mutations is much less than in the other populations, it is possible that mutations in other genes play a major role in ARNSD in Iran. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "I-Gene", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	GJB2 mutations in Iranians with autosomal recessive non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Hereditary hearing loss (HHL) is an extremely common disorder. About 70% of HHL is non-syndromic, with autosomal recessive forms accounting for approximately 85% of the genetic load. Although very heterogeneous, the most common cause of HHL in many different world populations is mutations of GJB2, a gene that encodes the gap junction protein connexin 26 (Cx26). This study investigates the contribution of GJB2 to the autosomal recessive non-syndromic deafness (ARNSD) load in the Iranian population. One hundred sixty eight persons from 83 families were studied. GJB2-related deafness was diagnosed in 9 families (4, 35delG homozygotes; 3, 35delG compound heterozygotes; 1, W24X homozygote; 1, non-35delG compound heterozygote). The carrier frequency of the 35delG allele in this population was approximately 1% (1/83). Because the relative frequency of Cx26 mutations is much less than in the other populations, it is possible that mutations in other genes play a major role in ARNSD in Iran.	[ "GJB2", "mutations", "in", "Iranians", "with", "autosomal", "recessive", "non", "-", "syndromic", "sensorineural", "hearing", "loss", ".", "Hereditary", "hearing", "loss", "(", "HHL", ")", "is", "an", "extremely", "common", "disorder", ".", "About", "70", "%", "of", "HHL", "is", "non", "-", "syndromic", ",", "with", "autosomal", "recessive", "forms", "accounting", "for", "approximately", "85", "%", "of", "the", "genetic", "load", ".", "Although", "very", "heterogeneous", ",", "the", "most", "common", "cause", "of", "HHL", "in", "many", "different", "world", "populations", "is", "mutations", "of", "GJB2", ",", "a", "gene", "that", "encodes", "the", "gap", "junction", "protein", "connexin", "26", "(", "Cx26", ")", ".", "This", "study", "investigates", "the", "contribution", "of", "GJB2", "to", "the", "autosomal", "recessive", "non", "-", "syndromic", "deafness", "(", "ARNSD", ")", "load", "in", "the", "Iranian", "population", ".", "One", "hundred", "sixty", "eight", "persons", "from", "83", "families", "were", "studied", ".", "GJB2-related", "deafness", "was", "diagnosed", "in", "9", "families", "(", "4", ",", "35delG", "homozygotes", ";", "3", ",", "35delG", "compound", "heterozygotes", ";", "1", ",", "W24X", "homozygote", ";", "1", ",", "non-35delG", "compound", "heterozygote", ")", ".", "The", "carrier", "frequency", "of", "the", "35delG", "allele", "in", "this", "population", "was", "approximately", "1", "%", "(", "1/83", ")", ".", "Because", "the", "relative", "frequency", "of", "Cx26", "mutations", "is", "much", "less", "than", "in", "the", "other", "populations", ",", "it", "is", "possible", "that", "mutations", "in", "other", "genes", "play", "a", "major", "role", "in", "ARNSD", "in", "Iran", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Gene", "SNP" ]
xenon is an umlsterm, xenon 's is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, gas is an umlsterm, xenon is an umlsterm, hemodynamic is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, Xenon is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, surgical procedures is an umlsterm, postoperative is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, concentrations is an umlsterm, xenon is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, xenon is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, disorders is an umlsterm, clinical investigations is an umlsterm, findings is an umlsterm, development is an umlsterm, xenon is an umlsterm, costs is an umlsterm, gas is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.00490869.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Today , xenon anaesthesia becomes an interesting object due to xenon's positive ecological aspects as well as its nearly ideal properties as an anaesthetic gas . The application of xenon provides advantages regarding intraoperative hemodynamic stability and the recovery period . Xenon increases tissue perfusion in most organ systems . This increase of tissue perfusion during an operation can be important during some surgical procedures and may improve postoperative outcome . In anaesthetic concentrations xenon leads to an increase in cerebral perfusion . For that reason , xenon should be avoided in patients with increased cerebral pressure or cerebral perfusion disorders . Therefore , further clinical investigations are necessary to improve these clinical findings . The development of accepted indications of xenon anaesthesia becomes necessary regarding a limited availability and high costs of the gas . Focussing this target , more clinical and experimental investigations will become necessary in the next years . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Today , xenon anaesthesia becomes an interesting object due to xenon's positive ecological aspects as well as its nearly ideal properties as an anaesthetic gas . The application of xenon provides advantages regarding intraoperative hemodynamic stability and the recovery period . Xenon increases tissue perfusion in most organ systems . This increase of tissue perfusion during an operation can be important during some surgical procedures and may improve postoperative outcome . In anaesthetic concentrations xenon leads to an increase in cerebral perfusion . For that reason , xenon should be avoided in patients with increased cerebral pressure or cerebral perfusion disorders . Therefore , further clinical investigations are necessary to improve these clinical findings . The development of accepted indications of xenon anaesthesia becomes necessary regarding a limited availability and high costs of the gas . Focussing this target , more clinical and experimental investigations will become necessary in the next years .	[ "Today", ",", "xenon", "anaesthesia", "becomes", "an", "interesting", "object", "due", "to", "xenon", "'s", "positive", "ecological", "aspects", "as", "well", "as", "its", "nearly", "ideal", "properties", "as", "an", "anaesthetic", "gas", ".", "The", "application", "of", "xenon", "provides", "advantages", "regarding", "intraoperative", "hemodynamic", "stability", "and", "the", "recovery", "period", ".", "Xenon", "increases", "tissue", "perfusion", "in", "most", "organ", "systems", ".", "This", "increase", "of", "tissue", "perfusion", "during", "an", "operation", "can", "be", "important", "during", "some", "surgical", "procedures", "and", "may", "improve", "postoperative", "outcome", ".", "In", "anaesthetic", "concentrations", "xenon", "leads", "to", "an", "increase", "in", "cerebral", "perfusion", ".", "For", "that", "reason", ",", "xenon", "should", "be", "avoided", "in", "patients", "with", "increased", "cerebral", "pressure", "or", "cerebral", "perfusion", "disorders", ".", "Therefore", ",", "further", "clinical", "investigations", "are", "necessary", "to", "improve", "these", "clinical", "findings", ".", "The", "development", "of", "accepted", "indications", "of", "xenon", "anaesthesia", "becomes", "necessary", "regarding", "a", "limited", "availability", "and", "high", "costs", "of", "the", "gas", ".", "Focussing", "this", "target", ",", "more", "clinical", "and", "experimental", "investigations", "will", "become", "necessary", "in", "the", "next", "years", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
xenon is an umlsterm, xenon 's is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, gas is an umlsterm, xenon is an umlsterm, hemodynamic is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, Xenon is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, surgical procedures is an umlsterm, postoperative is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, concentrations is an umlsterm, xenon is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, xenon is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, disorders is an umlsterm, clinical investigations is an umlsterm, findings is an umlsterm, development is an umlsterm, xenon is an umlsterm, costs is an umlsterm, gas is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.00490869.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Today , xenon anaesthesia becomes an interesting object due to xenon's positive ecological aspects as well as its nearly ideal properties as an anaesthetic gas . The application of xenon provides advantages regarding intraoperative hemodynamic stability and the recovery period . Xenon increases tissue perfusion in most organ systems . This increase of tissue perfusion during an operation can be important during some surgical procedures and may improve postoperative outcome . In anaesthetic concentrations xenon leads to an increase in cerebral perfusion . For that reason , xenon should be avoided in patients with increased cerebral pressure or cerebral perfusion disorders . Therefore , further clinical investigations are necessary to improve these clinical findings . The development of accepted indications of xenon anaesthesia becomes necessary regarding a limited availability and high costs of the gas . Focussing this target , more clinical and experimental investigations will become necessary in the next years . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: xenon, xenon 's, anaesthetic, gas, xenon, hemodynamic, period, Xenon, tissue, perfusion, tissue, perfusion, operation, surgical procedures, postoperative, anaesthetic, concentrations, xenon, perfusion, xenon, patients, pressure, perfusion, disorders, clinical investigations, findings, development, xenon, costs, gas Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Today , xenon anaesthesia becomes an interesting object due to xenon's positive ecological aspects as well as its nearly ideal properties as an anaesthetic gas . The application of xenon provides advantages regarding intraoperative hemodynamic stability and the recovery period . Xenon increases tissue perfusion in most organ systems . This increase of tissue perfusion during an operation can be important during some surgical procedures and may improve postoperative outcome . In anaesthetic concentrations xenon leads to an increase in cerebral perfusion . For that reason , xenon should be avoided in patients with increased cerebral pressure or cerebral perfusion disorders . Therefore , further clinical investigations are necessary to improve these clinical findings . The development of accepted indications of xenon anaesthesia becomes necessary regarding a limited availability and high costs of the gas . Focussing this target , more clinical and experimental investigations will become necessary in the next years .	[ "Today", ",", "xenon", "anaesthesia", "becomes", "an", "interesting", "object", "due", "to", "xenon", "'s", "positive", "ecological", "aspects", "as", "well", "as", "its", "nearly", "ideal", "properties", "as", "an", "anaesthetic", "gas", ".", "The", "application", "of", "xenon", "provides", "advantages", "regarding", "intraoperative", "hemodynamic", "stability", "and", "the", "recovery", "period", ".", "Xenon", "increases", "tissue", "perfusion", "in", "most", "organ", "systems", ".", "This", "increase", "of", "tissue", "perfusion", "during", "an", "operation", "can", "be", "important", "during", "some", "surgical", "procedures", "and", "may", "improve", "postoperative", "outcome", ".", "In", "anaesthetic", "concentrations", "xenon", "leads", "to", "an", "increase", "in", "cerebral", "perfusion", ".", "For", "that", "reason", ",", "xenon", "should", "be", "avoided", "in", "patients", "with", "increased", "cerebral", "pressure", "or", "cerebral", "perfusion", "disorders", ".", "Therefore", ",", "further", "clinical", "investigations", "are", "necessary", "to", "improve", "these", "clinical", "findings", ".", "The", "development", "of", "accepted", "indications", "of", "xenon", "anaesthesia", "becomes", "necessary", "regarding", "a", "limited", "availability", "and", "high", "costs", "of", "the", "gas", ".", "Focussing", "this", "target", ",", "more", "clinical", "and", "experimental", "investigations", "will", "become", "necessary", "in", "the", "next", "years", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
xenon, xenon 's, anaesthetic, gas, xenon, hemodynamic, period, Xenon, tissue, perfusion, tissue, perfusion, operation, surgical procedures, postoperative, anaesthetic, concentrations, xenon, perfusion, xenon, patients, pressure, perfusion, disorders, clinical investigations, findings, development, xenon, costs, gas	DerAnaesthesist.00490869.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Today , xenon anaesthesia becomes an interesting object due to xenon's positive ecological aspects as well as its nearly ideal properties as an anaesthetic gas . The application of xenon provides advantages regarding intraoperative hemodynamic stability and the recovery period . Xenon increases tissue perfusion in most organ systems . This increase of tissue perfusion during an operation can be important during some surgical procedures and may improve postoperative outcome . In anaesthetic concentrations xenon leads to an increase in cerebral perfusion . For that reason , xenon should be avoided in patients with increased cerebral pressure or cerebral perfusion disorders . Therefore , further clinical investigations are necessary to improve these clinical findings . The development of accepted indications of xenon anaesthesia becomes necessary regarding a limited availability and high costs of the gas . Focussing this target , more clinical and experimental investigations will become necessary in the next years . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Today , xenon anaesthesia becomes an interesting object due to xenon's positive ecological aspects as well as its nearly ideal properties as an anaesthetic gas . The application of xenon provides advantages regarding intraoperative hemodynamic stability and the recovery period . Xenon increases tissue perfusion in most organ systems . This increase of tissue perfusion during an operation can be important during some surgical procedures and may improve postoperative outcome . In anaesthetic concentrations xenon leads to an increase in cerebral perfusion . For that reason , xenon should be avoided in patients with increased cerebral pressure or cerebral perfusion disorders . Therefore , further clinical investigations are necessary to improve these clinical findings . The development of accepted indications of xenon anaesthesia becomes necessary regarding a limited availability and high costs of the gas . Focussing this target , more clinical and experimental investigations will become necessary in the next years .	[ "Today", ",", "xenon", "anaesthesia", "becomes", "an", "interesting", "object", "due", "to", "xenon", "'s", "positive", "ecological", "aspects", "as", "well", "as", "its", "nearly", "ideal", "properties", "as", "an", "anaesthetic", "gas", ".", "The", "application", "of", "xenon", "provides", "advantages", "regarding", "intraoperative", "hemodynamic", "stability", "and", "the", "recovery", "period", ".", "Xenon", "increases", "tissue", "perfusion", "in", "most", "organ", "systems", ".", "This", "increase", "of", "tissue", "perfusion", "during", "an", "operation", "can", "be", "important", "during", "some", "surgical", "procedures", "and", "may", "improve", "postoperative", "outcome", ".", "In", "anaesthetic", "concentrations", "xenon", "leads", "to", "an", "increase", "in", "cerebral", "perfusion", ".", "For", "that", "reason", ",", "xenon", "should", "be", "avoided", "in", "patients", "with", "increased", "cerebral", "pressure", "or", "cerebral", "perfusion", "disorders", ".", "Therefore", ",", "further", "clinical", "investigations", "are", "necessary", "to", "improve", "these", "clinical", "findings", ".", "The", "development", "of", "accepted", "indications", "of", "xenon", "anaesthesia", "becomes", "necessary", "regarding", "a", "limited", "availability", "and", "high", "costs", "of", "the", "gas", ".", "Focussing", "this", "target", ",", "more", "clinical", "and", "experimental", "investigations", "will", "become", "necessary", "in", "the", "next", "years", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
surveys is an umlsterm, occurrence is an umlsterm, central nervous system is an umlsterm, infections is an umlsterm, children is an umlsterm, viral meningitides is an umlsterm, survey is an umlsterm, mumps is an umlsterm, meningitis is an umlsterm, viral meningitides is an umlsterm, herpes simplex encephalitides is an umlsterm, zoster is an umlsterm, encephalitides is an umlsterm, development is an umlsterm, measles is an umlsterm, encephalitides is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, survey is an umlsterm, herpes simplex encephalitis is an umlsterm, observation is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, forms is an umlsterm	MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.71450050.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: In the years 1980-1992 surveys were undertaken to ascertain the occurrence of central nervous system infections in children in pediatric departments in the German provinces of Bavaria and Lower Saxony . There was a very noticeable drop in viral meningitides over the survey years especially in mumps meningitis , i . e . from 199/205 in 1980 to 16/7 in 1992. In both states about 80 % of the viral meningitides could not be clarified etiologically . Whereas in Bavaria a steady increase in herpes simplex encephalitides and varizella zoster encephalitides was apparent ( 1/4 in 1980 , 10/24 in 1992 ) , the same development was not found in Lower Saxony . Although the number of measles encephalitides dropped in both states during the period of the survey , up to 6 cases of the illness occurred annually . Only in the case of herpes simplex encephalitis the rate of recovery shows a substantial improvement over the observation period , while for other forms the rate of partial recovery has remained approximately the same . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	In the years 1980-1992 surveys were undertaken to ascertain the occurrence of central nervous system infections in children in pediatric departments in the German provinces of Bavaria and Lower Saxony . There was a very noticeable drop in viral meningitides over the survey years especially in mumps meningitis , i . e . from 199/205 in 1980 to 16/7 in 1992. In both states about 80 % of the viral meningitides could not be clarified etiologically . Whereas in Bavaria a steady increase in herpes simplex encephalitides and varizella zoster encephalitides was apparent ( 1/4 in 1980 , 10/24 in 1992 ) , the same development was not found in Lower Saxony . Although the number of measles encephalitides dropped in both states during the period of the survey , up to 6 cases of the illness occurred annually . Only in the case of herpes simplex encephalitis the rate of recovery shows a substantial improvement over the observation period , while for other forms the rate of partial recovery has remained approximately the same .	[ "In", "the", "years", "1980", "-", "1992", "surveys", "were", "undertaken", "to", "ascertain", "the", "occurrence", "of", "central", "nervous", "system", "infections", "in", "children", "in", "pediatric", "departments", "in", "the", "German", "provinces", "of", "Bavaria", "and", "Lower", "Saxony", ".", "There", "was", "a", "very", "noticeable", "drop", "in", "viral", "meningitides", "over", "the", "survey", "years", "especially", "in", "mumps", "meningitis", ",", "i", ".", "e", ".", "from", "199/205", "in", "1980", "to", "16/7", "in", "1992", ".", "In", "both", "states", "about", "80", "%", "of", "the", "viral", "meningitides", "could", "not", "be", "clarified", "etiologically", ".", "Whereas", "in", "Bavaria", "a", "steady", "increase", "in", "herpes", "simplex", "encephalitides", "and", "varizella", "zoster", "encephalitides", "was", "apparent", "(", "1/4", "in", "1980", ",", "10/24", "in", "1992", ")", ",", "the", "same", "development", "was", "not", "found", "in", "Lower", "Saxony", ".", "Although", "the", "number", "of", "measles", "encephalitides", "dropped", "in", "both", "states", "during", "the", "period", "of", "the", "survey", ",", "up", "to", "6", "cases", "of", "the", "illness", "occurred", "annually", ".", "Only", "in", "the", "case", "of", "herpes", "simplex", "encephalitis", "the", "rate", "of", "recovery", "shows", "a", "substantial", "improvement", "over", "the", "observation", "period", ",", "while", "for", "other", "forms", "the", "rate", "of", "partial", "recovery", "has", "remained", "approximately", "the", "same", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
surveys is an umlsterm, occurrence is an umlsterm, central nervous system is an umlsterm, infections is an umlsterm, children is an umlsterm, viral meningitides is an umlsterm, survey is an umlsterm, mumps is an umlsterm, meningitis is an umlsterm, viral meningitides is an umlsterm, herpes simplex encephalitides is an umlsterm, zoster is an umlsterm, encephalitides is an umlsterm, development is an umlsterm, measles is an umlsterm, encephalitides is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, survey is an umlsterm, herpes simplex encephalitis is an umlsterm, observation is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, forms is an umlsterm	MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.71450050.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: In the years 1980-1992 surveys were undertaken to ascertain the occurrence of central nervous system infections in children in pediatric departments in the German provinces of Bavaria and Lower Saxony . There was a very noticeable drop in viral meningitides over the survey years especially in mumps meningitis , i . e . from 199/205 in 1980 to 16/7 in 1992. In both states about 80 % of the viral meningitides could not be clarified etiologically . Whereas in Bavaria a steady increase in herpes simplex encephalitides and varizella zoster encephalitides was apparent ( 1/4 in 1980 , 10/24 in 1992 ) , the same development was not found in Lower Saxony . Although the number of measles encephalitides dropped in both states during the period of the survey , up to 6 cases of the illness occurred annually . Only in the case of herpes simplex encephalitis the rate of recovery shows a substantial improvement over the observation period , while for other forms the rate of partial recovery has remained approximately the same . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: surveys, occurrence, central nervous system, infections, children, viral meningitides, survey, mumps, meningitis, viral meningitides, herpes simplex encephalitides, zoster, encephalitides, development, measles, encephalitides, period, survey, herpes simplex encephalitis, observation, period, forms Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	In the years 1980-1992 surveys were undertaken to ascertain the occurrence of central nervous system infections in children in pediatric departments in the German provinces of Bavaria and Lower Saxony . There was a very noticeable drop in viral meningitides over the survey years especially in mumps meningitis , i . e . from 199/205 in 1980 to 16/7 in 1992. In both states about 80 % of the viral meningitides could not be clarified etiologically . Whereas in Bavaria a steady increase in herpes simplex encephalitides and varizella zoster encephalitides was apparent ( 1/4 in 1980 , 10/24 in 1992 ) , the same development was not found in Lower Saxony . Although the number of measles encephalitides dropped in both states during the period of the survey , up to 6 cases of the illness occurred annually . Only in the case of herpes simplex encephalitis the rate of recovery shows a substantial improvement over the observation period , while for other forms the rate of partial recovery has remained approximately the same .	[ "In", "the", "years", "1980", "-", "1992", "surveys", "were", "undertaken", "to", "ascertain", "the", "occurrence", "of", "central", "nervous", "system", "infections", "in", "children", "in", "pediatric", "departments", "in", "the", "German", "provinces", "of", "Bavaria", "and", "Lower", "Saxony", ".", "There", "was", "a", "very", "noticeable", "drop", "in", "viral", "meningitides", "over", "the", "survey", "years", "especially", "in", "mumps", "meningitis", ",", "i", ".", "e", ".", "from", "199/205", "in", "1980", "to", "16/7", "in", "1992", ".", "In", "both", "states", "about", "80", "%", "of", "the", "viral", "meningitides", "could", "not", "be", "clarified", "etiologically", ".", "Whereas", "in", "Bavaria", "a", "steady", "increase", "in", "herpes", "simplex", "encephalitides", "and", "varizella", "zoster", "encephalitides", "was", "apparent", "(", "1/4", "in", "1980", ",", "10/24", "in", "1992", ")", ",", "the", "same", "development", "was", "not", "found", "in", "Lower", "Saxony", ".", "Although", "the", "number", "of", "measles", "encephalitides", "dropped", "in", "both", "states", "during", "the", "period", "of", "the", "survey", ",", "up", "to", "6", "cases", "of", "the", "illness", "occurred", "annually", ".", "Only", "in", "the", "case", "of", "herpes", "simplex", "encephalitis", "the", "rate", "of", "recovery", "shows", "a", "substantial", "improvement", "over", "the", "observation", "period", ",", "while", "for", "other", "forms", "the", "rate", "of", "partial", "recovery", "has", "remained", "approximately", "the", "same", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
surveys, occurrence, central nervous system, infections, children, viral meningitides, survey, mumps, meningitis, viral meningitides, herpes simplex encephalitides, zoster, encephalitides, development, measles, encephalitides, period, survey, herpes simplex encephalitis, observation, period, forms	MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.71450050.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: In the years 1980-1992 surveys were undertaken to ascertain the occurrence of central nervous system infections in children in pediatric departments in the German provinces of Bavaria and Lower Saxony . There was a very noticeable drop in viral meningitides over the survey years especially in mumps meningitis , i . e . from 199/205 in 1980 to 16/7 in 1992. In both states about 80 % of the viral meningitides could not be clarified etiologically . Whereas in Bavaria a steady increase in herpes simplex encephalitides and varizella zoster encephalitides was apparent ( 1/4 in 1980 , 10/24 in 1992 ) , the same development was not found in Lower Saxony . Although the number of measles encephalitides dropped in both states during the period of the survey , up to 6 cases of the illness occurred annually . Only in the case of herpes simplex encephalitis the rate of recovery shows a substantial improvement over the observation period , while for other forms the rate of partial recovery has remained approximately the same . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	In the years 1980-1992 surveys were undertaken to ascertain the occurrence of central nervous system infections in children in pediatric departments in the German provinces of Bavaria and Lower Saxony . There was a very noticeable drop in viral meningitides over the survey years especially in mumps meningitis , i . e . from 199/205 in 1980 to 16/7 in 1992. In both states about 80 % of the viral meningitides could not be clarified etiologically . Whereas in Bavaria a steady increase in herpes simplex encephalitides and varizella zoster encephalitides was apparent ( 1/4 in 1980 , 10/24 in 1992 ) , the same development was not found in Lower Saxony . Although the number of measles encephalitides dropped in both states during the period of the survey , up to 6 cases of the illness occurred annually . Only in the case of herpes simplex encephalitis the rate of recovery shows a substantial improvement over the observation period , while for other forms the rate of partial recovery has remained approximately the same .	[ "In", "the", "years", "1980", "-", "1992", "surveys", "were", "undertaken", "to", "ascertain", "the", "occurrence", "of", "central", "nervous", "system", "infections", "in", "children", "in", "pediatric", "departments", "in", "the", "German", "provinces", "of", "Bavaria", "and", "Lower", "Saxony", ".", "There", "was", "a", "very", "noticeable", "drop", "in", "viral", "meningitides", "over", "the", "survey", "years", "especially", "in", "mumps", "meningitis", ",", "i", ".", "e", ".", "from", "199/205", "in", "1980", "to", "16/7", "in", "1992", ".", "In", "both", "states", "about", "80", "%", "of", "the", "viral", "meningitides", "could", "not", "be", "clarified", "etiologically", ".", "Whereas", "in", "Bavaria", "a", "steady", "increase", "in", "herpes", "simplex", "encephalitides", "and", "varizella", "zoster", "encephalitides", "was", "apparent", "(", "1/4", "in", "1980", ",", "10/24", "in", "1992", ")", ",", "the", "same", "development", "was", "not", "found", "in", "Lower", "Saxony", ".", "Although", "the", "number", "of", "measles", "encephalitides", "dropped", "in", "both", "states", "during", "the", "period", "of", "the", "survey", ",", "up", "to", "6", "cases", "of", "the", "illness", "occurred", "annually", ".", "Only", "in", "the", "case", "of", "herpes", "simplex", "encephalitis", "the", "rate", "of", "recovery", "shows", "a", "substantial", "improvement", "over", "the", "observation", "period", ",", "while", "for", "other", "forms", "the", "rate", "of", "partial", "recovery", "has", "remained", "approximately", "the", "same", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
iloprost is a DRUG, nifedipine is a DRUG, diltiazem is a DRUG, captopril is a DRUG, iloprost is a DRUG, vasodilators is a GROUP, antihypertensive agents is a GROUP, iloprost is a DRUG, anticoagulants is a GROUP, iloprost is a DRUG, anticoagulants is a GROUP, diuretics is a GROUP, cardiac glycosides is a GROUP, calcium channel blockers is a GROUP, analgesics is a GROUP, antipyretics is a GROUP, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories is a GROUP, corticosteroids is a GROUP, iloprost is a DRUG, digoxin is a DRUG, Acetylsalicylic acid is a DRUG, iloprost is a DRUG, iloprost is a DRUG	Iloprost_ddi_task0	Sentence: In studies in normal volunteers, there was no pharmacodynamic interaction between intravenous iloprost and either nifedipine, diltiazem, or captopril. However, iloprost has the potential to increase the hypotensive effect of vasodilators and antihypertensive agents. Since iloprost inhibits platelet function, there is a potential for increased risk of bleeding, particularly in patients maintained on anticoagulants. During clinical trials, iloprost was used concurrently with anticoagulants, diuretics, cardiac glycosides, calcium channel blockers, analgesics, antipyretics, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories, corticosteroids, and other medications. Intravenous infusion of iloprost had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin. Acetylsalicylic acid did not alter the clearance (pharmacokinetics) of iloprost. Although clinical studies have not been conducted, in vitro studies of iloprost indicate that no relevant inhibition of cytochrome P450 drug metabolism would be expected. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GROUP, DRUG	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "I-GROUP", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "I-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "I-GROUP", "I-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "I-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "I-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	In studies in normal volunteers, there was no pharmacodynamic interaction between intravenous iloprost and either nifedipine, diltiazem, or captopril. However, iloprost has the potential to increase the hypotensive effect of vasodilators and antihypertensive agents. Since iloprost inhibits platelet function, there is a potential for increased risk of bleeding, particularly in patients maintained on anticoagulants. During clinical trials, iloprost was used concurrently with anticoagulants, diuretics, cardiac glycosides, calcium channel blockers, analgesics, antipyretics, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories, corticosteroids, and other medications. Intravenous infusion of iloprost had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin. Acetylsalicylic acid did not alter the clearance (pharmacokinetics) of iloprost. Although clinical studies have not been conducted, in vitro studies of iloprost indicate that no relevant inhibition of cytochrome P450 drug metabolism would be expected.	[ "In", "studies", "in", "normal", "volunteers", ",", "there", "was", "no", "pharmacodynamic", "interaction", "between", "intravenous", "iloprost", "and", "either", "nifedipine", ",", "diltiazem", ",", "or", "captopril", ".", "However", ",", "iloprost", "has", "the", "potential", "to", "increase", "the", "hypotensive", "effect", "of", "vasodilators", "and", "antihypertensive", "agents", ".", "Since", "iloprost", "inhibits", "platelet", "function", ",", "there", "is", "a", "potential", "for", "increased", "risk", "of", "bleeding", ",", "particularly", "in", "patients", "maintained", "on", "anticoagulants", ".", "During", "clinical", "trials", ",", "iloprost", "was", "used", "concurrently", "with", "anticoagulants", ",", "diuretics", ",", "cardiac", "glycosides", ",", "calcium", "channel", "blockers", ",", "analgesics", ",", "antipyretics", ",", "nonsteroidal", "antiinflammatories", ",", "corticosteroids", ",", "and", "other", "medications", ".", "Intravenous", "infusion", "of", "iloprost", "had", "no", "effect", "on", "the", "pharmacokinetics", "of", "digoxin", ".", "Acetylsalicylic", "acid", "did", "not", "alter", "the", "clearance", "(", "pharmacokinetics", ")", "of", "iloprost", ".", "Although", "clinical", "studies", "have", "not", "been", "conducted", ",", "in", "vitro", "studies", "of", "iloprost", "indicate", "that", "no", "relevant", "inhibition", "of", "cytochrome", "P450", "drug", "metabolism", "would", "be", "expected", "." ]	[ "GROUP", "DRUG" ]
iloprost is a DRUG, nifedipine is a DRUG, diltiazem is a DRUG, captopril is a DRUG, iloprost is a DRUG, vasodilators is a GROUP, antihypertensive agents is a GROUP, iloprost is a DRUG, anticoagulants is a GROUP, iloprost is a DRUG, anticoagulants is a GROUP, diuretics is a GROUP, cardiac glycosides is a GROUP, calcium channel blockers is a GROUP, analgesics is a GROUP, antipyretics is a GROUP, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories is a GROUP, corticosteroids is a GROUP, iloprost is a DRUG, digoxin is a DRUG, Acetylsalicylic acid is a DRUG, iloprost is a DRUG, iloprost is a DRUG	Iloprost_ddi_task1	Sentence: In studies in normal volunteers, there was no pharmacodynamic interaction between intravenous iloprost and either nifedipine, diltiazem, or captopril. However, iloprost has the potential to increase the hypotensive effect of vasodilators and antihypertensive agents. Since iloprost inhibits platelet function, there is a potential for increased risk of bleeding, particularly in patients maintained on anticoagulants. During clinical trials, iloprost was used concurrently with anticoagulants, diuretics, cardiac glycosides, calcium channel blockers, analgesics, antipyretics, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories, corticosteroids, and other medications. Intravenous infusion of iloprost had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin. Acetylsalicylic acid did not alter the clearance (pharmacokinetics) of iloprost. Although clinical studies have not been conducted, in vitro studies of iloprost indicate that no relevant inhibition of cytochrome P450 drug metabolism would be expected. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: iloprost, nifedipine, diltiazem, captopril, iloprost, vasodilators, antihypertensive agents, iloprost, anticoagulants, iloprost, anticoagulants, diuretics, cardiac glycosides, calcium channel blockers, analgesics, antipyretics, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories, corticosteroids, iloprost, digoxin, Acetylsalicylic acid, iloprost, iloprost Options: GROUP, DRUG	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "I-GROUP", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "I-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "I-GROUP", "I-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "I-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "I-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	In studies in normal volunteers, there was no pharmacodynamic interaction between intravenous iloprost and either nifedipine, diltiazem, or captopril. However, iloprost has the potential to increase the hypotensive effect of vasodilators and antihypertensive agents. Since iloprost inhibits platelet function, there is a potential for increased risk of bleeding, particularly in patients maintained on anticoagulants. During clinical trials, iloprost was used concurrently with anticoagulants, diuretics, cardiac glycosides, calcium channel blockers, analgesics, antipyretics, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories, corticosteroids, and other medications. Intravenous infusion of iloprost had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin. Acetylsalicylic acid did not alter the clearance (pharmacokinetics) of iloprost. Although clinical studies have not been conducted, in vitro studies of iloprost indicate that no relevant inhibition of cytochrome P450 drug metabolism would be expected.	[ "In", "studies", "in", "normal", "volunteers", ",", "there", "was", "no", "pharmacodynamic", "interaction", "between", "intravenous", "iloprost", "and", "either", "nifedipine", ",", "diltiazem", ",", "or", "captopril", ".", "However", ",", "iloprost", "has", "the", "potential", "to", "increase", "the", "hypotensive", "effect", "of", "vasodilators", "and", "antihypertensive", "agents", ".", "Since", "iloprost", "inhibits", "platelet", "function", ",", "there", "is", "a", "potential", "for", "increased", "risk", "of", "bleeding", ",", "particularly", "in", "patients", "maintained", "on", "anticoagulants", ".", "During", "clinical", "trials", ",", "iloprost", "was", "used", "concurrently", "with", "anticoagulants", ",", "diuretics", ",", "cardiac", "glycosides", ",", "calcium", "channel", "blockers", ",", "analgesics", ",", "antipyretics", ",", "nonsteroidal", "antiinflammatories", ",", "corticosteroids", ",", "and", "other", "medications", ".", "Intravenous", "infusion", "of", "iloprost", "had", "no", "effect", "on", "the", "pharmacokinetics", "of", "digoxin", ".", "Acetylsalicylic", "acid", "did", "not", "alter", "the", "clearance", "(", "pharmacokinetics", ")", "of", "iloprost", ".", "Although", "clinical", "studies", "have", "not", "been", "conducted", ",", "in", "vitro", "studies", "of", "iloprost", "indicate", "that", "no", "relevant", "inhibition", "of", "cytochrome", "P450", "drug", "metabolism", "would", "be", "expected", "." ]	[ "GROUP", "DRUG" ]
iloprost, nifedipine, diltiazem, captopril, iloprost, vasodilators, antihypertensive agents, iloprost, anticoagulants, iloprost, anticoagulants, diuretics, cardiac glycosides, calcium channel blockers, analgesics, antipyretics, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories, corticosteroids, iloprost, digoxin, Acetylsalicylic acid, iloprost, iloprost	Iloprost_ddi_task2	Sentence: In studies in normal volunteers, there was no pharmacodynamic interaction between intravenous iloprost and either nifedipine, diltiazem, or captopril. However, iloprost has the potential to increase the hypotensive effect of vasodilators and antihypertensive agents. Since iloprost inhibits platelet function, there is a potential for increased risk of bleeding, particularly in patients maintained on anticoagulants. During clinical trials, iloprost was used concurrently with anticoagulants, diuretics, cardiac glycosides, calcium channel blockers, analgesics, antipyretics, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories, corticosteroids, and other medications. Intravenous infusion of iloprost had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin. Acetylsalicylic acid did not alter the clearance (pharmacokinetics) of iloprost. Although clinical studies have not been conducted, in vitro studies of iloprost indicate that no relevant inhibition of cytochrome P450 drug metabolism would be expected. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "I-GROUP", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "I-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "I-GROUP", "I-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "I-GROUP", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "I-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	In studies in normal volunteers, there was no pharmacodynamic interaction between intravenous iloprost and either nifedipine, diltiazem, or captopril. However, iloprost has the potential to increase the hypotensive effect of vasodilators and antihypertensive agents. Since iloprost inhibits platelet function, there is a potential for increased risk of bleeding, particularly in patients maintained on anticoagulants. During clinical trials, iloprost was used concurrently with anticoagulants, diuretics, cardiac glycosides, calcium channel blockers, analgesics, antipyretics, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories, corticosteroids, and other medications. Intravenous infusion of iloprost had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin. Acetylsalicylic acid did not alter the clearance (pharmacokinetics) of iloprost. Although clinical studies have not been conducted, in vitro studies of iloprost indicate that no relevant inhibition of cytochrome P450 drug metabolism would be expected.	[ "In", "studies", "in", "normal", "volunteers", ",", "there", "was", "no", "pharmacodynamic", "interaction", "between", "intravenous", "iloprost", "and", "either", "nifedipine", ",", "diltiazem", ",", "or", "captopril", ".", "However", ",", "iloprost", "has", "the", "potential", "to", "increase", "the", "hypotensive", "effect", "of", "vasodilators", "and", "antihypertensive", "agents", ".", "Since", "iloprost", "inhibits", "platelet", "function", ",", "there", "is", "a", "potential", "for", "increased", "risk", "of", "bleeding", ",", "particularly", "in", "patients", "maintained", "on", "anticoagulants", ".", "During", "clinical", "trials", ",", "iloprost", "was", "used", "concurrently", "with", "anticoagulants", ",", "diuretics", ",", "cardiac", "glycosides", ",", "calcium", "channel", "blockers", ",", "analgesics", ",", "antipyretics", ",", "nonsteroidal", "antiinflammatories", ",", "corticosteroids", ",", "and", "other", "medications", ".", "Intravenous", "infusion", "of", "iloprost", "had", "no", "effect", "on", "the", "pharmacokinetics", "of", "digoxin", ".", "Acetylsalicylic", "acid", "did", "not", "alter", "the", "clearance", "(", "pharmacokinetics", ")", "of", "iloprost", ".", "Although", "clinical", "studies", "have", "not", "been", "conducted", ",", "in", "vitro", "studies", "of", "iloprost", "indicate", "that", "no", "relevant", "inhibition", "of", "cytochrome", "P450", "drug", "metabolism", "would", "be", "expected", "." ]	[ "GROUP", "DRUG" ]
aim is an umlsterm, AV node is an umlsterm, pacemaker is an umlsterm, implantation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, atrial fibrillation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, male is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, atrial fibrillation is an umlsterm, male is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, symptoms is an umlsterm, health is an umlsterm, frequency is an umlsterm, tachycardia is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, atrial fibrillation is an umlsterm, breathlessness is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, atrial fibrillation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, arrhythmia is an umlsterm, symptoms is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, atrial fibrillation is an umlsterm, health is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, atrial fibrillation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, atrial fibrillation is an umlsterm	ZfuerKardiologie.90880823.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: The aim of the study was to compare the clinical outcome after AV node radiofrequency current ablation and pacemaker implantation in patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation . The study consecutively included 19 patients with permanent ( male n = 15 ; 55 +/- 13 years ) and 45 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( male n = 31 ; 60 +/- 13 years ) . Clinical evaluation before and 1 year after ablation included the symptoms and the self-assessed state of health . Before ablation , both groups reported with a similar frequency about tachycardia ( permanent n = 15 ; paroxysmal n = 2 ) and palpitations ( permanent n = 5 ; paroxysmal n = 19 ) . Patients with permanent ( n = 7 ) atrial fibrillation had more often breathlessness than patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( n = 2 ) , whereas dizziness/syncope was more often reported by patients with paroxysmal ( n = 35 ) than with permanent arrhythmia ( n = 8 ) . Ablation improved symptoms in patients with permanent ( 89% ) as well as with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( 84% ) . The self-assessed state of health described as good had not patient before ablation and 63% patients with permanent and 47% with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after ablation . There were no differences for the studied parameters between patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	The aim of the study was to compare the clinical outcome after AV node radiofrequency current ablation and pacemaker implantation in patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation . The study consecutively included 19 patients with permanent ( male n = 15 ; 55 +/- 13 years ) and 45 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( male n = 31 ; 60 +/- 13 years ) . Clinical evaluation before and 1 year after ablation included the symptoms and the self-assessed state of health . Before ablation , both groups reported with a similar frequency about tachycardia ( permanent n = 15 ; paroxysmal n = 2 ) and palpitations ( permanent n = 5 ; paroxysmal n = 19 ) . Patients with permanent ( n = 7 ) atrial fibrillation had more often breathlessness than patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( n = 2 ) , whereas dizziness/syncope was more often reported by patients with paroxysmal ( n = 35 ) than with permanent arrhythmia ( n = 8 ) . Ablation improved symptoms in patients with permanent ( 89% ) as well as with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( 84% ) . The self-assessed state of health described as good had not patient before ablation and 63% patients with permanent and 47% with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after ablation . There were no differences for the studied parameters between patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation .	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aim is an umlsterm, AV node is an umlsterm, pacemaker is an umlsterm, implantation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, atrial fibrillation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, male is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, atrial fibrillation is an umlsterm, male is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, symptoms is an umlsterm, health is an umlsterm, frequency is an umlsterm, tachycardia is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, atrial fibrillation is an umlsterm, breathlessness is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, atrial fibrillation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, arrhythmia is an umlsterm, symptoms is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, atrial fibrillation is an umlsterm, health is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, atrial fibrillation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, atrial fibrillation is an umlsterm	ZfuerKardiologie.90880823.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: The aim of the study was to compare the clinical outcome after AV node radiofrequency current ablation and pacemaker implantation in patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation . The study consecutively included 19 patients with permanent ( male n = 15 ; 55 +/- 13 years ) and 45 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( male n = 31 ; 60 +/- 13 years ) . Clinical evaluation before and 1 year after ablation included the symptoms and the self-assessed state of health . Before ablation , both groups reported with a similar frequency about tachycardia ( permanent n = 15 ; paroxysmal n = 2 ) and palpitations ( permanent n = 5 ; paroxysmal n = 19 ) . Patients with permanent ( n = 7 ) atrial fibrillation had more often breathlessness than patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( n = 2 ) , whereas dizziness/syncope was more often reported by patients with paroxysmal ( n = 35 ) than with permanent arrhythmia ( n = 8 ) . Ablation improved symptoms in patients with permanent ( 89% ) as well as with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( 84% ) . The self-assessed state of health described as good had not patient before ablation and 63% patients with permanent and 47% with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after ablation . There were no differences for the studied parameters between patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: aim, AV node, pacemaker, implantation, patients, atrial fibrillation, patients, male, patients, atrial fibrillation, male, evaluation, symptoms, health, frequency, tachycardia, Patients, atrial fibrillation, breathlessness, patients, atrial fibrillation, patients, arrhythmia, symptoms, patients, atrial fibrillation, health, patient, patients, atrial fibrillation, patients, atrial fibrillation Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	The aim of the study was to compare the clinical outcome after AV node radiofrequency current ablation and pacemaker implantation in patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation . The study consecutively included 19 patients with permanent ( male n = 15 ; 55 +/- 13 years ) and 45 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( male n = 31 ; 60 +/- 13 years ) . Clinical evaluation before and 1 year after ablation included the symptoms and the self-assessed state of health . Before ablation , both groups reported with a similar frequency about tachycardia ( permanent n = 15 ; paroxysmal n = 2 ) and palpitations ( permanent n = 5 ; paroxysmal n = 19 ) . Patients with permanent ( n = 7 ) atrial fibrillation had more often breathlessness than patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( n = 2 ) , whereas dizziness/syncope was more often reported by patients with paroxysmal ( n = 35 ) than with permanent arrhythmia ( n = 8 ) . Ablation improved symptoms in patients with permanent ( 89% ) as well as with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( 84% ) . The self-assessed state of health described as good had not patient before ablation and 63% patients with permanent and 47% with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after ablation . There were no differences for the studied parameters between patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation .	[ "The", "aim", "of", "the", "study", "was", "to", "compare", "the", "clinical", "outcome", "after", "AV", "node", "radiofrequency", "current", "ablation", "and", "pacemaker", "implantation", "in", "patients", "with", "permanent", "and", "paroxysmal", "atrial", "fibrillation", ".", "The", "study", "consecutively", "included", "19", "patients", "with", "permanent", "(", "male", "n", "=", "15", ";", "55", "+", "/-", "13", "years", ")", "and", "45", "patients", "with", "paroxysmal", "atrial", "fibrillation", "(", "male", "n", "=", "31", ";", "60", "+", "/-", "13", "years", ")", ".", "Clinical", "evaluation", "before", "and", "1", "year", "after", "ablation", "included", "the", "symptoms", "and", "the", "self", "-", "assessed", "state", "of", "health", ".", "Before", "ablation", ",", "both", "groups", "reported", "with", "a", "similar", "frequency", "about", "tachycardia", "(", "permanent", "n", "=", "15", ";", "paroxysmal", "n", "=", "2", ")", "and", "palpitations", "(", "permanent", "n", "=", "5", ";", "paroxysmal", "n", "=", "19", ")", ".", "Patients", "with", "permanent", "(", "n", "=", "7", ")", "atrial", "fibrillation", "had", "more", "often", "breathlessness", "than", "patients", "with", "paroxysmal", "atrial", "fibrillation", "(", "n", "=", "2", ")", ",", "whereas", "dizziness", "/", "syncope", "was", "more", "often", "reported", "by", "patients", "with", "paroxysmal", "(", "n", "=", "35", ")", "than", "with", "permanent", "arrhythmia", "(", "n", "=", "8", ")", ".", "Ablation", "improved", "symptoms", "in", "patients", "with", "permanent", "(", "89", "%", ")", "as", "well", "as", "with", "paroxysmal", "atrial", "fibrillation", "(", "84", "%", ")", ".", "The", "self", "-", "assessed", "state", "of", "health", "described", "as", "good", "had", "not", "patient", "before", "ablation", "and", "63", "%", "patients", "with", "permanent", "and", "47", "%", "with", "paroxysmal", "atrial", "fibrillation", "after", "ablation", ".", "There", "were", "no", "differences", "for", "the", "studied", "parameters", "between", "patients", "with", "permanent", "and", "paroxysmal", "atrial", "fibrillation", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
aim, AV node, pacemaker, implantation, patients, atrial fibrillation, patients, male, patients, atrial fibrillation, male, evaluation, symptoms, health, frequency, tachycardia, Patients, atrial fibrillation, breathlessness, patients, atrial fibrillation, patients, arrhythmia, symptoms, patients, atrial fibrillation, health, patient, patients, atrial fibrillation, patients, atrial fibrillation	ZfuerKardiologie.90880823.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: The aim of the study was to compare the clinical outcome after AV node radiofrequency current ablation and pacemaker implantation in patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation . The study consecutively included 19 patients with permanent ( male n = 15 ; 55 +/- 13 years ) and 45 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( male n = 31 ; 60 +/- 13 years ) . Clinical evaluation before and 1 year after ablation included the symptoms and the self-assessed state of health . Before ablation , both groups reported with a similar frequency about tachycardia ( permanent n = 15 ; paroxysmal n = 2 ) and palpitations ( permanent n = 5 ; paroxysmal n = 19 ) . Patients with permanent ( n = 7 ) atrial fibrillation had more often breathlessness than patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( n = 2 ) , whereas dizziness/syncope was more often reported by patients with paroxysmal ( n = 35 ) than with permanent arrhythmia ( n = 8 ) . Ablation improved symptoms in patients with permanent ( 89% ) as well as with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( 84% ) . The self-assessed state of health described as good had not patient before ablation and 63% patients with permanent and 47% with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after ablation . There were no differences for the studied parameters between patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	The aim of the study was to compare the clinical outcome after AV node radiofrequency current ablation and pacemaker implantation in patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation . The study consecutively included 19 patients with permanent ( male n = 15 ; 55 +/- 13 years ) and 45 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( male n = 31 ; 60 +/- 13 years ) . Clinical evaluation before and 1 year after ablation included the symptoms and the self-assessed state of health . Before ablation , both groups reported with a similar frequency about tachycardia ( permanent n = 15 ; paroxysmal n = 2 ) and palpitations ( permanent n = 5 ; paroxysmal n = 19 ) . Patients with permanent ( n = 7 ) atrial fibrillation had more often breathlessness than patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( n = 2 ) , whereas dizziness/syncope was more often reported by patients with paroxysmal ( n = 35 ) than with permanent arrhythmia ( n = 8 ) . Ablation improved symptoms in patients with permanent ( 89% ) as well as with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( 84% ) . The self-assessed state of health described as good had not patient before ablation and 63% patients with permanent and 47% with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after ablation . There were no differences for the studied parameters between patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation .	[ "The", "aim", "of", "the", "study", "was", "to", "compare", "the", "clinical", "outcome", "after", "AV", "node", "radiofrequency", "current", "ablation", "and", "pacemaker", "implantation", "in", "patients", "with", "permanent", "and", "paroxysmal", "atrial", "fibrillation", ".", "The", "study", "consecutively", "included", "19", "patients", "with", "permanent", "(", "male", "n", "=", "15", ";", "55", "+", "/-", "13", "years", ")", "and", "45", "patients", "with", "paroxysmal", "atrial", "fibrillation", "(", "male", "n", "=", "31", ";", "60", "+", "/-", "13", "years", ")", ".", "Clinical", "evaluation", "before", "and", "1", "year", "after", "ablation", "included", "the", "symptoms", "and", "the", "self", "-", "assessed", "state", "of", "health", ".", "Before", "ablation", ",", "both", "groups", "reported", "with", "a", "similar", "frequency", "about", "tachycardia", "(", "permanent", "n", "=", "15", ";", "paroxysmal", "n", "=", "2", ")", "and", "palpitations", "(", "permanent", "n", "=", "5", ";", "paroxysmal", "n", "=", "19", ")", ".", "Patients", "with", "permanent", "(", "n", "=", "7", ")", "atrial", "fibrillation", "had", "more", "often", "breathlessness", "than", "patients", "with", "paroxysmal", "atrial", "fibrillation", "(", "n", "=", "2", ")", ",", "whereas", "dizziness", "/", "syncope", "was", "more", "often", "reported", "by", "patients", "with", "paroxysmal", "(", "n", "=", "35", ")", "than", "with", "permanent", "arrhythmia", "(", "n", "=", "8", ")", ".", "Ablation", "improved", "symptoms", "in", "patients", "with", "permanent", "(", "89", "%", ")", "as", "well", "as", "with", "paroxysmal", "atrial", "fibrillation", "(", "84", "%", ")", ".", "The", "self", "-", "assessed", "state", "of", "health", "described", "as", "good", "had", "not", "patient", "before", "ablation", "and", "63", "%", "patients", "with", "permanent", "and", "47", "%", "with", "paroxysmal", "atrial", "fibrillation", "after", "ablation", ".", "There", "were", "no", "differences", "for", "the", "studied", "parameters", "between", "patients", "with", "permanent", "and", "paroxysmal", "atrial", "fibrillation", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
nuclear factor kappa B is a protein_molecule, human lymphoblastoid cells is a cell_type, low - dose ionizing radiation is an other_name	12727_task0	Sentence: Activation of nuclear factor kappa B in human lymphoblastoid cells by low-dose ionizing radiation. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: cell_type, other_name, protein_molecule	[ "O", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "O", "B-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]	Activation of nuclear factor kappa B in human lymphoblastoid cells by low-dose ionizing radiation.	[ "Activation", "of", "nuclear", "factor", "kappa", "B", "in", "human", "lymphoblastoid", "cells", "by", "low", "-", "dose", "ionizing", "radiation", "." ]	[ "cell_line", "cell_type", "protein_family_or_group", "(AND protein_subunit protein_subunit)", "other_name", "protein_molecule", "" ]
nuclear factor kappa B is a protein_molecule, human lymphoblastoid cells is a cell_type, low - dose ionizing radiation is an other_name	12727_task1	Sentence: Activation of nuclear factor kappa B in human lymphoblastoid cells by low-dose ionizing radiation. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: nuclear factor kappa B, human lymphoblastoid cells, low - dose ionizing radiation Options: cell_type, other_name, protein_molecule	[ "O", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "O", "B-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]	Activation of nuclear factor kappa B in human lymphoblastoid cells by low-dose ionizing radiation.	[ "Activation", "of", "nuclear", "factor", "kappa", "B", "in", "human", "lymphoblastoid", "cells", "by", "low", "-", "dose", "ionizing", "radiation", "." ]	[ "cell_line", "cell_type", "protein_family_or_group", "(AND protein_subunit protein_subunit)", "other_name", "protein_molecule", "" ]
nuclear factor kappa B, human lymphoblastoid cells, low - dose ionizing radiation	12727_task2	Sentence: Activation of nuclear factor kappa B in human lymphoblastoid cells by low-dose ionizing radiation. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "O", "B-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]	Activation of nuclear factor kappa B in human lymphoblastoid cells by low-dose ionizing radiation.	[ "Activation", "of", "nuclear", "factor", "kappa", "B", "in", "human", "lymphoblastoid", "cells", "by", "low", "-", "dose", "ionizing", "radiation", "." ]	[ "cell_line", "cell_type", "protein_family_or_group", "(AND protein_subunit protein_subunit)", "other_name", "protein_molecule", "" ]
Aspirin is a CHEMICAL, salicylate is a CHEMICAL, immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein is a GENE-Y, BiP is a GENE-Y, ATPase is a GENE-N	11689471_task0	Sentence: Aspirin and salicylate bind to immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP) and inhibit its ATPase activity in human fibroblasts. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, GENE-Y, CHEMICAL	[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Aspirin and salicylate bind to immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP) and inhibit its ATPase activity in human fibroblasts.	[ "Aspirin", "and", "salicylate", "bind", "to", "immunoglobulin", "heavy", "chain", "binding", "protein", "(", "BiP", ")", "and", "inhibit", "its", "ATPase", "activity", "in", "human", "fibroblasts", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]
Aspirin is a CHEMICAL, salicylate is a CHEMICAL, immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein is a GENE-Y, BiP is a GENE-Y, ATPase is a GENE-N	11689471_task1	Sentence: Aspirin and salicylate bind to immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP) and inhibit its ATPase activity in human fibroblasts. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Aspirin, salicylate, immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein, BiP, ATPase Options: GENE-N, GENE-Y, CHEMICAL	[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Aspirin and salicylate bind to immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP) and inhibit its ATPase activity in human fibroblasts.	[ "Aspirin", "and", "salicylate", "bind", "to", "immunoglobulin", "heavy", "chain", "binding", "protein", "(", "BiP", ")", "and", "inhibit", "its", "ATPase", "activity", "in", "human", "fibroblasts", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]
Aspirin, salicylate, immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein, BiP, ATPase	11689471_task2	Sentence: Aspirin and salicylate bind to immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP) and inhibit its ATPase activity in human fibroblasts. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Aspirin and salicylate bind to immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP) and inhibit its ATPase activity in human fibroblasts.	[ "Aspirin", "and", "salicylate", "bind", "to", "immunoglobulin", "heavy", "chain", "binding", "protein", "(", "BiP", ")", "and", "inhibit", "its", "ATPase", "activity", "in", "human", "fibroblasts", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]
ORC is a protein-complex, DNA is a DNA, ORC is a protein-complex, ATP is a chemical	1.0alpha7.train.1068_task0	Sentence: Initial studies of ORC found that stable DNA binding by ORC required the addition of ATP to the binding reaction. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: chemical, DNA, protein-complex	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-complex", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-complex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Initial studies of ORC found that stable DNA binding by ORC required the addition of ATP to the binding reaction.	[ "Initial", "studies", "of", " ", "ORC", "found", "that", "stable", "DNA", "binding", "by", " ", "ORC", "required", "the", "addition", "of", " ", "ATP", "to", "the", "binding", "reaction", "." ]	[ "DNA", "protein-complex", "chemical" ]
ORC is a protein-complex, DNA is a DNA, ORC is a protein-complex, ATP is a chemical	1.0alpha7.train.1068_task1	Sentence: Initial studies of ORC found that stable DNA binding by ORC required the addition of ATP to the binding reaction. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ORC, DNA, ORC, ATP Options: chemical, DNA, protein-complex	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-complex", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-complex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Initial studies of ORC found that stable DNA binding by ORC required the addition of ATP to the binding reaction.	[ "Initial", "studies", "of", " ", "ORC", "found", "that", "stable", "DNA", "binding", "by", " ", "ORC", "required", "the", "addition", "of", " ", "ATP", "to", "the", "binding", "reaction", "." ]	[ "DNA", "protein-complex", "chemical" ]
ORC, DNA, ORC, ATP	1.0alpha7.train.1068_task2	Sentence: Initial studies of ORC found that stable DNA binding by ORC required the addition of ATP to the binding reaction. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-complex", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-complex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Initial studies of ORC found that stable DNA binding by ORC required the addition of ATP to the binding reaction.	[ "Initial", "studies", "of", " ", "ORC", "found", "that", "stable", "DNA", "binding", "by", " ", "ORC", "required", "the", "addition", "of", " ", "ATP", "to", "the", "binding", "reaction", "." ]	[ "DNA", "protein-complex", "chemical" ]
ethanol is a CHEMICAL	23007559_task0	Sentence: Developmental immunotoxicity of ethanol in an extended one-generation reproductive toxicity study. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Developmental immunotoxicity of ethanol in an extended one-generation reproductive toxicity study.	[ "Developmental", "immunotoxicity", "of", "ethanol", "in", "an", "extended", "one", "-", "generation", "reproductive", "toxicity", "study", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
ethanol is a CHEMICAL	23007559_task1	Sentence: Developmental immunotoxicity of ethanol in an extended one-generation reproductive toxicity study. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ethanol Options: CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Developmental immunotoxicity of ethanol in an extended one-generation reproductive toxicity study.	[ "Developmental", "immunotoxicity", "of", "ethanol", "in", "an", "extended", "one", "-", "generation", "reproductive", "toxicity", "study", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
ethanol	23007559_task2	Sentence: Developmental immunotoxicity of ethanol in an extended one-generation reproductive toxicity study. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Developmental immunotoxicity of ethanol in an extended one-generation reproductive toxicity study.	[ "Developmental", "immunotoxicity", "of", "ethanol", "in", "an", "extended", "one", "-", "generation", "reproductive", "toxicity", "study", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
Body mass index ( BMI ) is a Measurement, 35 kg / m2 or more is a Value, metabolic is a Condition, endocrine diseases is a Condition, cancer is a Condition, steroids is a Drug, drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen is a Drug, systemic estrogen , progestin , or DHEA is a Scope, in the eight weeks prior to randomization is a Temporal, alternative therapies or natural products is a Scope, postmenopausal symptoms is a Condition, in the four weeks prior to randomization is a Temporal, Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse is a Scope, Grade is a Measurement, 2 or 3 is a Value, Cigarette smoking is a Condition	NCT00317148_exc_task0	Sentence: Body mass index (BMI) of 35 kg/m2 or more. Significant metabolic and endocrine diseases. Diagnosis of cancer. Use of steroids or drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen. Use of any systemic estrogen, progestin, or DHEA in the eight weeks prior to randomization. Use of alternative therapies or natural products to treat postmenopausal symptoms in the four weeks prior to randomization. Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse: Grade 2 or 3. Cigarette smoking Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Temporal, Condition, Value, Scope, Measurement, Drug	[ "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Drug", "O", "B-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O" ]	Body mass index (BMI) of 35 kg/m2 or more. Significant metabolic and endocrine diseases. Diagnosis of cancer. Use of steroids or drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen. Use of any systemic estrogen, progestin, or DHEA in the eight weeks prior to randomization. Use of alternative therapies or natural products to treat postmenopausal symptoms in the four weeks prior to randomization. Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse: Grade 2 or 3. Cigarette smoking	[ "Body", "mass", "index", "(", "BMI", ")", "of", "35", "kg", "/", "m2", "or", "more", ".", "\n", "Significant", "metabolic", "and", "endocrine", "diseases", ".", "\n", "Diagnosis", "of", "cancer", ".", "\n", "Use", "of", "steroids", "or", "drugs", "that", "interfere", "with", "the", "metabolism", "of", "estrogen", ".", "\n", "Use", "of", "any", "systemic", "estrogen", ",", "progestin", ",", "or", "DHEA", "in", "the", "eight", "weeks", "prior", "to", "randomization", ".", "\n", "Use", "of", "alternative", "therapies", "or", "natural", "products", "to", "treat", "postmenopausal", "symptoms", "in", "the", "four", "weeks", "prior", "to", "randomization", ".", "\n", "Palpable", "fibroids", "or", "uterine", "prolapse", ":", "Grade", "2", "or", "3", ".", "\n", "Cigarette", "smoking", " \n \n" ]	[ "Drug", "Temporal", "Scope", "Condition", "Measurement", "Procedure", "Value" ]
Body mass index ( BMI ) is a Measurement, 35 kg / m2 or more is a Value, metabolic is a Condition, endocrine diseases is a Condition, cancer is a Condition, steroids is a Drug, drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen is a Drug, systemic estrogen , progestin , or DHEA is a Scope, in the eight weeks prior to randomization is a Temporal, alternative therapies or natural products is a Scope, postmenopausal symptoms is a Condition, in the four weeks prior to randomization is a Temporal, Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse is a Scope, Grade is a Measurement, 2 or 3 is a Value, Cigarette smoking is a Condition	NCT00317148_exc_task1	Sentence: Body mass index (BMI) of 35 kg/m2 or more. Significant metabolic and endocrine diseases. Diagnosis of cancer. Use of steroids or drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen. Use of any systemic estrogen, progestin, or DHEA in the eight weeks prior to randomization. Use of alternative therapies or natural products to treat postmenopausal symptoms in the four weeks prior to randomization. Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse: Grade 2 or 3. Cigarette smoking Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Body mass index ( BMI ), 35 kg / m2 or more, metabolic, endocrine diseases, cancer, steroids, drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen, systemic estrogen , progestin , or DHEA, in the eight weeks prior to randomization, alternative therapies or natural products, postmenopausal symptoms, in the four weeks prior to randomization, Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse, Grade, 2 or 3, Cigarette smoking Options: Temporal, Condition, Value, Scope, Measurement, Drug	[ "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Drug", "O", "B-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O" ]	Body mass index (BMI) of 35 kg/m2 or more. Significant metabolic and endocrine diseases. Diagnosis of cancer. Use of steroids or drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen. Use of any systemic estrogen, progestin, or DHEA in the eight weeks prior to randomization. Use of alternative therapies or natural products to treat postmenopausal symptoms in the four weeks prior to randomization. Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse: Grade 2 or 3. Cigarette smoking	[ "Body", "mass", "index", "(", "BMI", ")", "of", "35", "kg", "/", "m2", "or", "more", ".", "\n", "Significant", "metabolic", "and", "endocrine", "diseases", ".", "\n", "Diagnosis", "of", "cancer", ".", "\n", "Use", "of", "steroids", "or", "drugs", "that", "interfere", "with", "the", "metabolism", "of", "estrogen", ".", "\n", "Use", "of", "any", "systemic", "estrogen", ",", "progestin", ",", "or", "DHEA", "in", "the", "eight", "weeks", "prior", "to", "randomization", ".", "\n", "Use", "of", "alternative", "therapies", "or", "natural", "products", "to", "treat", "postmenopausal", "symptoms", "in", "the", "four", "weeks", "prior", "to", "randomization", ".", "\n", "Palpable", "fibroids", "or", "uterine", "prolapse", ":", "Grade", "2", "or", "3", ".", "\n", "Cigarette", "smoking", " \n \n" ]	[ "Drug", "Temporal", "Scope", "Condition", "Measurement", "Procedure", "Value" ]
Body mass index ( BMI ), 35 kg / m2 or more, metabolic, endocrine diseases, cancer, steroids, drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen, systemic estrogen , progestin , or DHEA, in the eight weeks prior to randomization, alternative therapies or natural products, postmenopausal symptoms, in the four weeks prior to randomization, Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse, Grade, 2 or 3, Cigarette smoking	NCT00317148_exc_task2	Sentence: Body mass index (BMI) of 35 kg/m2 or more. Significant metabolic and endocrine diseases. Diagnosis of cancer. Use of steroids or drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen. Use of any systemic estrogen, progestin, or DHEA in the eight weeks prior to randomization. Use of alternative therapies or natural products to treat postmenopausal symptoms in the four weeks prior to randomization. Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse: Grade 2 or 3. Cigarette smoking Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Drug", "O", "B-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O" ]	Body mass index (BMI) of 35 kg/m2 or more. Significant metabolic and endocrine diseases. Diagnosis of cancer. Use of steroids or drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen. Use of any systemic estrogen, progestin, or DHEA in the eight weeks prior to randomization. Use of alternative therapies or natural products to treat postmenopausal symptoms in the four weeks prior to randomization. Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse: Grade 2 or 3. Cigarette smoking	[ "Body", "mass", "index", "(", "BMI", ")", "of", "35", "kg", "/", "m2", "or", "more", ".", "\n", "Significant", "metabolic", "and", "endocrine", "diseases", ".", "\n", "Diagnosis", "of", "cancer", ".", "\n", "Use", "of", "steroids", "or", "drugs", "that", "interfere", "with", "the", "metabolism", "of", "estrogen", ".", "\n", "Use", "of", "any", "systemic", "estrogen", ",", "progestin", ",", "or", "DHEA", "in", "the", "eight", "weeks", "prior", "to", "randomization", ".", "\n", "Use", "of", "alternative", "therapies", "or", "natural", "products", "to", "treat", "postmenopausal", "symptoms", "in", "the", "four", "weeks", "prior", "to", "randomization", ".", "\n", "Palpable", "fibroids", "or", "uterine", "prolapse", ":", "Grade", "2", "or", "3", ".", "\n", "Cigarette", "smoking", " \n \n" ]	[ "Drug", "Temporal", "Scope", "Condition", "Measurement", "Procedure", "Value" ]
anaesthesiology is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, Physical examination is an umlsterm, history is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, risk assessment is an umlsterm, aid is an umlsterm, computer is an umlsterm, laboratory tests is an umlsterm, electrocardiography is an umlsterm, lung is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, assessment is an umlsterm, vital capacity is an umlsterm, chest is an umlsterm, X - ray is an umlsterm, blood gas analysis is an umlsterm, blood chemistry is an umlsterm, analysis is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, ASA is an umlsterm, Goldman is an umlsterm, Risk is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, exercise is an umlsterm, classification is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, risk factors is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, time is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, morbidity is an umlsterm, mortality is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, physical examination is an umlsterm, morbidity is an umlsterm, mortality is an umlsterm, cardiovascular system is an umlsterm, nephrologic diseases is an umlsterm, BUN is an umlsterm, plasma is an umlsterm, creatinine is an umlsterm, value is an umlsterm, ASA is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, computer system is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, analyses is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, cost is an umlsterm, DM is an umlsterm, price is an umlsterm, reagents is an umlsterm, blood chemistry is an umlsterm, blood gas analysis is an umlsterm, chest is an umlsterm, X - ray is an umlsterm, DM is an umlsterm, tests is an umlsterm, laboratory is an umlsterm, tests is an umlsterm, work is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, costs is an umlsterm, DM is an umlsterm, costs is an umlsterm, surgical procedure is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, propofol is an umlsterm, ketamine is an umlsterm, intubation is an umlsterm, inhalation is an umlsterm, isoflurane is an umlsterm, sevoflurane is an umlsterm, costs is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm, Surgical specialties is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, assessment is an umlsterm, anaesthesiology is an umlsterm, doctors is an umlsterm, specialists is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.40430223.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: In 1977 a new anaesthesiology preoperative evaluation clinic was started for evaluation of all elective surgical patients for their fitness to undergo anaesthesia . Physical examination , medical history and anaesthetic risk assessment are assessed in a standardized manner with the aid of computer menus . Comprehensive laboratory tests included electrocardiography , lung function assessment ( vital capacity and forced exspiratory volume with 1 s ) , chest X-ray , and arterial blood gas analysis and blood chemistry analysis with an SMA-22 ( System Multi Analyzer ) . At the conclusion of the preoperative evaluation , patients are classified according to ASA physical status , Goldman Cardiac Risk Index and an exercise classification such as NYHA . Only elective surgical patients are evaluated in this clinic . Within the last 15 years more than 75 000 patients have been seen in our preoperative clinic , 91.8% of whom were cleared for surgery and anaesthesia after the initial evaluation . There were 1132 patients who needed preoperative treatment first . Only 4.4% were discharged without operation because too many risk factors for perioperative complications were present . We found that comprehensive preoperative evaluation in this clinic was more efficient than bedside evaluation and reduced examination time for the patient . In 1983 and 1985 we published two prospective/retrospective studies on the improvement of perioperative morbidity and mortality of selected patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery . We found that perioperative complications and adverse outcome correlated with preoperative data and physical examination . The main source of perioperative morbidity and mortality was the cardiovascular system , followed by nephrologic diseases , correlating exactly with preoperative BUN and plasma creatinine . These studies also underlined the value of the ASA physical status to predict perioperative outcome . Since 1988 all patients ' data have been processed automatically by a computer system designed by clinic staff . Precise data evaluation , statistical analyses and selective studies of over 24 000 patients can be performed easily . The cost of one examination in the anaesthesia clinic is OeS 140 ( DM 17 ) . The price of the reagents for blood chemistry , blood gas analysis and the chest X-ray is OeS 95 ( DM 12 ) . If preoperative tests were discontinued the laboratory staff could not be much reduced , because preoperative tests do not account for more than 10% of the workload and the system must work over 24 h . In total , therefore , examination of one patient costs OeS 235 ( DM 30 ) . Compared with the total costs of the surgical procedure , this part is one of the smallest items . Even the anaesthetic management starting from intravenous induction with propofol or ketamine , followed by orotracheal intubation and inhalation anaesthesia with isoflurane or sevoflurane , costs more than this preoperative evaluation . This preanaesthetic examination procedure is easy to learn . Surgical specialties now routinely schedule patients for preoperative evaluation at the clinic . We feel that performing this comprehensive physical assessment reinforces basic concepts in anaesthesiology for the house doctors . All medical departments create specialists in each part of their sector . We think that anaesthetists should also optimize preoperative evaluation by concentrated well-organized practices . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	In 1977 a new anaesthesiology preoperative evaluation clinic was started for evaluation of all elective surgical patients for their fitness to undergo anaesthesia . Physical examination , medical history and anaesthetic risk assessment are assessed in a standardized manner with the aid of computer menus . Comprehensive laboratory tests included electrocardiography , lung function assessment ( vital capacity and forced exspiratory volume with 1 s ) , chest X-ray , and arterial blood gas analysis and blood chemistry analysis with an SMA-22 ( System Multi Analyzer ) . At the conclusion of the preoperative evaluation , patients are classified according to ASA physical status , Goldman Cardiac Risk Index and an exercise classification such as NYHA . Only elective surgical patients are evaluated in this clinic . Within the last 15 years more than 75 000 patients have been seen in our preoperative clinic , 91.8% of whom were cleared for surgery and anaesthesia after the initial evaluation . There were 1132 patients who needed preoperative treatment first . Only 4.4% were discharged without operation because too many risk factors for perioperative complications were present . We found that comprehensive preoperative evaluation in this clinic was more efficient than bedside evaluation and reduced examination time for the patient . In 1983 and 1985 we published two prospective/retrospective studies on the improvement of perioperative morbidity and mortality of selected patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery . We found that perioperative complications and adverse outcome correlated with preoperative data and physical examination . The main source of perioperative morbidity and mortality was the cardiovascular system , followed by nephrologic diseases , correlating exactly with preoperative BUN and plasma creatinine . These studies also underlined the value of the ASA physical status to predict perioperative outcome . Since 1988 all patients ' data have been processed automatically by a computer system designed by clinic staff . Precise data evaluation , statistical analyses and selective studies of over 24 000 patients can be performed easily . The cost of one examination in the anaesthesia clinic is OeS 140 ( DM 17 ) . The price of the reagents for blood chemistry , blood gas analysis and the chest X-ray is OeS 95 ( DM 12 ) . If preoperative tests were discontinued the laboratory staff could not be much reduced , because preoperative tests do not account for more than 10% of the workload and the system must work over 24 h . In total , therefore , examination of one patient costs OeS 235 ( DM 30 ) . Compared with the total costs of the surgical procedure , this part is one of the smallest items . Even the anaesthetic management starting from intravenous induction with propofol or ketamine , followed by orotracheal intubation and inhalation anaesthesia with isoflurane or sevoflurane , costs more than this preoperative evaluation . This preanaesthetic examination procedure is easy to learn . Surgical specialties now routinely schedule patients for preoperative evaluation at the clinic . We feel that performing this comprehensive physical assessment reinforces basic concepts in anaesthesiology for the house doctors . All medical departments create specialists in each part of their sector . We think that anaesthetists should also optimize preoperative evaluation by concentrated well-organized practices .	[ "In", "1977", "a", "new", "anaesthesiology", "preoperative", "evaluation", "clinic", "was", "started", "for", "evaluation", "of", "all", "elective", "surgical", "patients", "for", "their", "fitness", "to", "undergo", "anaesthesia", ".", "Physical", "examination", ",", "medical", "history", "and", "anaesthetic", "risk", "assessment", "are", "assessed", "in", "a", "standardized", "manner", "with", "the", "aid", "of", "computer", "menus", ".", "Comprehensive", "laboratory", "tests", "included", "electrocardiography", ",", "lung", "function", "assessment", "(", "vital", "capacity", "and", "forced", "exspiratory", "volume", "with", "1", "s", ")", ",", "chest", "X", "-", "ray", ",", "and", "arterial", "blood", "gas", "analysis", "and", "blood", "chemistry", "analysis", "with", "an", "SMA-22", "(", "System", "Multi", "Analyzer", ")", ".", "At", "the", "conclusion", "of", "the", "preoperative", "evaluation", ",", "patients", "are", "classified", "according", "to", "ASA", "physical", "status", ",", "Goldman", "Cardiac", "Risk", "Index", "and", "an", "exercise", "classification", "such", "as", "NYHA", ".", "Only", "elective", "surgical", "patients", "are", "evaluated", "in", "this", "clinic", ".", "Within", "the", "last", "15", "years", "more", "than", "75", "000", "patients", "have", "been", "seen", "in", "our", "preoperative", "clinic", ",", "91.8", "%", "of", "whom", "were", "cleared", "for", "surgery", "and", "anaesthesia", "after", "the", "initial", "evaluation", ".", "There", "were", "1132", "patients", "who", "needed", "preoperative", "treatment", "first", ".", "Only", "4.4", "%", "were", "discharged", "without", "operation", "because", "too", "many", "risk", "factors", "for", "perioperative", "complications", "were", "present", ".", "We", "found", "that", "comprehensive", "preoperative", "evaluation", "in", "this", "clinic", "was", "more", "efficient", "than", "bedside", "evaluation", "and", "reduced", "examination", "time", "for", "the", "patient", ".", "In", "1983", "and", "1985", "we", "published", "two", "prospective", "/", "retrospective", "studies", "on", "the", "improvement", "of", "perioperative", "morbidity", "and", "mortality", "of", "selected", "patients", "undergoing", "non", "-", "cardiac", "surgery", ".", "We", "found", "that", "perioperative", "complications", "and", "adverse", "outcome", "correlated", "with", "preoperative", "data", "and", "physical", "examination", ".", "The", "main", "source", "of", "perioperative", "morbidity", "and", "mortality", "was", "the", "cardiovascular", "system", ",", "followed", "by", "nephrologic", "diseases", ",", "correlating", "exactly", "with", "preoperative", "BUN", "and", "plasma", "creatinine", ".", "These", "studies", "also", "underlined", "the", "value", "of", "the", "ASA", "physical", "status", "to", "predict", "perioperative", "outcome", ".", "Since", "1988", "all", "patients", "'", "data", "have", "been", "processed", "automatically", "by", "a", "computer", "system", "designed", "by", "clinic", "staff", ".", "Precise", "data", "evaluation", ",", "statistical", "analyses", "and", "selective", "studies", "of", "over", "24", "000", "patients", "can", "be", "performed", "easily", ".", "The", "cost", "of", "one", "examination", "in", "the", "anaesthesia", "clinic", "is", "OeS", "140", "(", "DM", "17", ")", ".", "The", "price", "of", "the", "reagents", "for", "blood", "chemistry", ",", "blood", "gas", "analysis", "and", "the", "chest", "X", "-", "ray", "is", "OeS", "95", "(", "DM", "12", ")", ".", "If", "preoperative", "tests", "were", "discontinued", "the", "laboratory", "staff", "could", "not", "be", "much", "reduced", ",", "because", "preoperative", "tests", "do", "not", "account", "for", "more", "than", "10", "%", "of", "the", "workload", "and", "the", "system", "must", "work", "over", "24", "h", ".", "In", "total", ",", "therefore", ",", "examination", "of", "one", "patient", "costs", "OeS", "235", "(", "DM", "30", ")", ".", "Compared", "with", "the", "total", "costs", "of", "the", "surgical", "procedure", ",", "this", "part", "is", "one", "of", "the", "smallest", "items", ".", "Even", "the", "anaesthetic", "management", "starting", "from", "intravenous", "induction", "with", "propofol", "or", "ketamine", ",", "followed", "by", "orotracheal", "intubation", "and", "inhalation", "anaesthesia", "with", "isoflurane", "or", "sevoflurane", ",", "costs", "more", "than", "this", "preoperative", "evaluation", ".", "This", "preanaesthetic", "examination", "procedure", "is", "easy", "to", "learn", ".", "Surgical", "specialties", "now", "routinely", "schedule", "patients", "for", "preoperative", "evaluation", "at", "the", "clinic", ".", "We", "feel", "that", "performing", "this", "comprehensive", "physical", "assessment", "reinforces", "basic", "concepts", "in", "anaesthesiology", "for", "the", "house", "doctors", ".", "All", "medical", "departments", "create", "specialists", "in", "each", "part", "of", "their", "sector", ".", "We", "think", "that", "anaesthetists", "should", "also", "optimize", "preoperative", "evaluation", "by", "concentrated", "well", "-", "organized", "practices", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
anaesthesiology is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, Physical examination is an umlsterm, history is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, risk assessment is an umlsterm, aid is an umlsterm, computer is an umlsterm, laboratory tests is an umlsterm, electrocardiography is an umlsterm, lung is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, assessment is an umlsterm, vital capacity is an umlsterm, chest is an umlsterm, X - ray is an umlsterm, blood gas analysis is an umlsterm, blood chemistry is an umlsterm, analysis is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, ASA is an umlsterm, Goldman is an umlsterm, Risk is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, exercise is an umlsterm, classification is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, risk factors is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, time is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, morbidity is an umlsterm, mortality is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, physical examination is an umlsterm, morbidity is an umlsterm, mortality is an umlsterm, cardiovascular system is an umlsterm, nephrologic diseases is an umlsterm, BUN is an umlsterm, plasma is an umlsterm, creatinine is an umlsterm, value is an umlsterm, ASA is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, computer system is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, analyses is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, cost is an umlsterm, DM is an umlsterm, price is an umlsterm, reagents is an umlsterm, blood chemistry is an umlsterm, blood gas analysis is an umlsterm, chest is an umlsterm, X - ray is an umlsterm, DM is an umlsterm, tests is an umlsterm, laboratory is an umlsterm, tests is an umlsterm, work is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, costs is an umlsterm, DM is an umlsterm, costs is an umlsterm, surgical procedure is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, propofol is an umlsterm, ketamine is an umlsterm, intubation is an umlsterm, inhalation is an umlsterm, isoflurane is an umlsterm, sevoflurane is an umlsterm, costs is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm, Surgical specialties is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, assessment is an umlsterm, anaesthesiology is an umlsterm, doctors is an umlsterm, specialists is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.40430223.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: In 1977 a new anaesthesiology preoperative evaluation clinic was started for evaluation of all elective surgical patients for their fitness to undergo anaesthesia . Physical examination , medical history and anaesthetic risk assessment are assessed in a standardized manner with the aid of computer menus . Comprehensive laboratory tests included electrocardiography , lung function assessment ( vital capacity and forced exspiratory volume with 1 s ) , chest X-ray , and arterial blood gas analysis and blood chemistry analysis with an SMA-22 ( System Multi Analyzer ) . At the conclusion of the preoperative evaluation , patients are classified according to ASA physical status , Goldman Cardiac Risk Index and an exercise classification such as NYHA . Only elective surgical patients are evaluated in this clinic . Within the last 15 years more than 75 000 patients have been seen in our preoperative clinic , 91.8% of whom were cleared for surgery and anaesthesia after the initial evaluation . There were 1132 patients who needed preoperative treatment first . Only 4.4% were discharged without operation because too many risk factors for perioperative complications were present . We found that comprehensive preoperative evaluation in this clinic was more efficient than bedside evaluation and reduced examination time for the patient . In 1983 and 1985 we published two prospective/retrospective studies on the improvement of perioperative morbidity and mortality of selected patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery . We found that perioperative complications and adverse outcome correlated with preoperative data and physical examination . The main source of perioperative morbidity and mortality was the cardiovascular system , followed by nephrologic diseases , correlating exactly with preoperative BUN and plasma creatinine . These studies also underlined the value of the ASA physical status to predict perioperative outcome . Since 1988 all patients ' data have been processed automatically by a computer system designed by clinic staff . Precise data evaluation , statistical analyses and selective studies of over 24 000 patients can be performed easily . The cost of one examination in the anaesthesia clinic is OeS 140 ( DM 17 ) . The price of the reagents for blood chemistry , blood gas analysis and the chest X-ray is OeS 95 ( DM 12 ) . If preoperative tests were discontinued the laboratory staff could not be much reduced , because preoperative tests do not account for more than 10% of the workload and the system must work over 24 h . In total , therefore , examination of one patient costs OeS 235 ( DM 30 ) . Compared with the total costs of the surgical procedure , this part is one of the smallest items . Even the anaesthetic management starting from intravenous induction with propofol or ketamine , followed by orotracheal intubation and inhalation anaesthesia with isoflurane or sevoflurane , costs more than this preoperative evaluation . This preanaesthetic examination procedure is easy to learn . Surgical specialties now routinely schedule patients for preoperative evaluation at the clinic . We feel that performing this comprehensive physical assessment reinforces basic concepts in anaesthesiology for the house doctors . All medical departments create specialists in each part of their sector . We think that anaesthetists should also optimize preoperative evaluation by concentrated well-organized practices . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: anaesthesiology, evaluation, evaluation, surgical, patients, Physical examination, history, anaesthetic, risk assessment, aid, computer, laboratory tests, electrocardiography, lung, function, assessment, vital capacity, chest, X - ray, blood gas analysis, blood chemistry, analysis, evaluation, patients, ASA, Goldman, Risk, Index, exercise, classification, surgical, patients, patients, surgery, evaluation, patients, treatment, operation, risk factors, complications, evaluation, evaluation, time, patient, morbidity, mortality, patients, surgery, complications, physical examination, morbidity, mortality, cardiovascular system, nephrologic diseases, BUN, plasma, creatinine, value, ASA, patients, computer system, evaluation, analyses, patients, cost, DM, price, reagents, blood chemistry, blood gas analysis, chest, X - ray, DM, tests, laboratory, tests, work, patient, costs, DM, costs, surgical procedure, anaesthetic, propofol, ketamine, intubation, inhalation, isoflurane, sevoflurane, costs, evaluation, procedure, Surgical specialties, patients, evaluation, assessment, anaesthesiology, doctors, specialists, evaluation Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", 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"O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	In 1977 a new anaesthesiology preoperative evaluation clinic was started for evaluation of all elective surgical patients for their fitness to undergo anaesthesia . Physical examination , medical history and anaesthetic risk assessment are assessed in a standardized manner with the aid of computer menus . Comprehensive laboratory tests included electrocardiography , lung function assessment ( vital capacity and forced exspiratory volume with 1 s ) , chest X-ray , and arterial blood gas analysis and blood chemistry analysis with an SMA-22 ( System Multi Analyzer ) . At the conclusion of the preoperative evaluation , patients are classified according to ASA physical status , Goldman Cardiac Risk Index and an exercise classification such as NYHA . Only elective surgical patients are evaluated in this clinic . Within the last 15 years more than 75 000 patients have been seen in our preoperative clinic , 91.8% of whom were cleared for surgery and anaesthesia after the initial evaluation . There were 1132 patients who needed preoperative treatment first . Only 4.4% were discharged without operation because too many risk factors for perioperative complications were present . We found that comprehensive preoperative evaluation in this clinic was more efficient than bedside evaluation and reduced examination time for the patient . In 1983 and 1985 we published two prospective/retrospective studies on the improvement of perioperative morbidity and mortality of selected patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery . We found that perioperative complications and adverse outcome correlated with preoperative data and physical examination . The main source of perioperative morbidity and mortality was the cardiovascular system , followed by nephrologic diseases , correlating exactly with preoperative BUN and plasma creatinine . These studies also underlined the value of the ASA physical status to predict perioperative outcome . Since 1988 all patients ' data have been processed automatically by a computer system designed by clinic staff . Precise data evaluation , statistical analyses and selective studies of over 24 000 patients can be performed easily . The cost of one examination in the anaesthesia clinic is OeS 140 ( DM 17 ) . The price of the reagents for blood chemistry , blood gas analysis and the chest X-ray is OeS 95 ( DM 12 ) . If preoperative tests were discontinued the laboratory staff could not be much reduced , because preoperative tests do not account for more than 10% of the workload and the system must work over 24 h . In total , therefore , examination of one patient costs OeS 235 ( DM 30 ) . Compared with the total costs of the surgical procedure , this part is one of the smallest items . Even the anaesthetic management starting from intravenous induction with propofol or ketamine , followed by orotracheal intubation and inhalation anaesthesia with isoflurane or sevoflurane , costs more than this preoperative evaluation . This preanaesthetic examination procedure is easy to learn . Surgical specialties now routinely schedule patients for preoperative evaluation at the clinic . We feel that performing this comprehensive physical assessment reinforces basic concepts in anaesthesiology for the house doctors . All medical departments create specialists in each part of their sector . We think that anaesthetists should also optimize preoperative evaluation by concentrated well-organized practices .	[ "In", "1977", "a", "new", "anaesthesiology", "preoperative", "evaluation", "clinic", "was", "started", "for", "evaluation", "of", "all", "elective", "surgical", "patients", "for", "their", "fitness", "to", "undergo", "anaesthesia", ".", "Physical", "examination", ",", "medical", "history", "and", "anaesthetic", "risk", "assessment", "are", "assessed", "in", "a", "standardized", "manner", "with", "the", "aid", "of", "computer", "menus", ".", "Comprehensive", "laboratory", "tests", "included", "electrocardiography", ",", "lung", "function", "assessment", "(", "vital", "capacity", "and", "forced", "exspiratory", "volume", "with", "1", "s", ")", ",", "chest", "X", "-", "ray", ",", "and", "arterial", "blood", "gas", "analysis", "and", "blood", "chemistry", "analysis", "with", "an", "SMA-22", "(", "System", "Multi", "Analyzer", ")", ".", "At", "the", "conclusion", "of", "the", "preoperative", "evaluation", ",", "patients", "are", "classified", "according", "to", "ASA", "physical", "status", ",", "Goldman", "Cardiac", "Risk", "Index", "and", "an", "exercise", "classification", "such", "as", "NYHA", ".", "Only", "elective", "surgical", "patients", "are", "evaluated", "in", "this", "clinic", ".", "Within", "the", "last", "15", "years", "more", "than", "75", "000", "patients", "have", "been", "seen", "in", "our", "preoperative", "clinic", ",", "91.8", "%", "of", "whom", "were", "cleared", "for", "surgery", "and", "anaesthesia", "after", "the", "initial", "evaluation", ".", "There", "were", "1132", "patients", "who", "needed", "preoperative", "treatment", "first", ".", "Only", "4.4", "%", "were", "discharged", "without", "operation", "because", "too", "many", "risk", "factors", "for", "perioperative", "complications", "were", "present", ".", "We", "found", "that", "comprehensive", "preoperative", "evaluation", "in", "this", "clinic", "was", "more", "efficient", "than", "bedside", "evaluation", "and", "reduced", "examination", "time", "for", "the", "patient", ".", "In", "1983", "and", "1985", "we", "published", "two", "prospective", "/", "retrospective", "studies", "on", "the", "improvement", "of", "perioperative", "morbidity", "and", "mortality", "of", "selected", "patients", "undergoing", "non", "-", "cardiac", "surgery", ".", "We", "found", "that", "perioperative", "complications", "and", "adverse", "outcome", "correlated", "with", "preoperative", "data", "and", "physical", "examination", ".", "The", "main", "source", "of", "perioperative", "morbidity", "and", "mortality", "was", "the", "cardiovascular", "system", ",", "followed", "by", "nephrologic", "diseases", ",", "correlating", "exactly", "with", "preoperative", "BUN", "and", "plasma", "creatinine", ".", "These", "studies", "also", "underlined", "the", "value", "of", "the", "ASA", "physical", "status", "to", "predict", "perioperative", "outcome", ".", "Since", "1988", "all", "patients", "'", "data", "have", "been", "processed", "automatically", "by", "a", "computer", "system", "designed", "by", "clinic", "staff", ".", "Precise", "data", "evaluation", ",", "statistical", "analyses", "and", "selective", "studies", "of", "over", "24", "000", "patients", "can", "be", "performed", "easily", ".", "The", "cost", "of", "one", "examination", "in", "the", "anaesthesia", "clinic", "is", "OeS", "140", "(", "DM", "17", ")", ".", "The", "price", "of", "the", "reagents", "for", "blood", "chemistry", ",", "blood", "gas", "analysis", "and", "the", "chest", "X", "-", "ray", "is", "OeS", "95", "(", "DM", "12", ")", ".", "If", "preoperative", "tests", "were", "discontinued", "the", "laboratory", "staff", "could", "not", "be", "much", "reduced", ",", "because", "preoperative", "tests", "do", "not", "account", "for", "more", "than", "10", "%", "of", "the", "workload", "and", "the", "system", "must", "work", "over", "24", "h", ".", "In", "total", ",", "therefore", ",", "examination", "of", "one", "patient", "costs", "OeS", "235", "(", "DM", "30", ")", ".", "Compared", "with", "the", "total", "costs", "of", "the", "surgical", "procedure", ",", "this", "part", "is", "one", "of", "the", "smallest", "items", ".", "Even", "the", "anaesthetic", "management", "starting", "from", "intravenous", "induction", "with", "propofol", "or", "ketamine", ",", "followed", "by", "orotracheal", "intubation", "and", "inhalation", "anaesthesia", "with", "isoflurane", "or", "sevoflurane", ",", "costs", "more", "than", "this", "preoperative", "evaluation", ".", "This", "preanaesthetic", "examination", "procedure", "is", "easy", "to", "learn", ".", "Surgical", "specialties", "now", "routinely", "schedule", "patients", "for", "preoperative", "evaluation", "at", "the", "clinic", ".", "We", "feel", "that", "performing", "this", "comprehensive", "physical", "assessment", "reinforces", "basic", "concepts", "in", "anaesthesiology", "for", "the", "house", "doctors", ".", "All", "medical", "departments", "create", "specialists", "in", "each", "part", "of", "their", "sector", ".", "We", "think", "that", "anaesthetists", "should", "also", "optimize", "preoperative", "evaluation", "by", "concentrated", "well", "-", "organized", "practices", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
anaesthesiology, evaluation, evaluation, surgical, patients, Physical examination, history, anaesthetic, risk assessment, aid, computer, laboratory tests, electrocardiography, lung, function, assessment, vital capacity, chest, X - ray, blood gas analysis, blood chemistry, analysis, evaluation, patients, ASA, Goldman, Risk, Index, exercise, classification, surgical, patients, patients, surgery, evaluation, patients, treatment, operation, risk factors, complications, evaluation, evaluation, time, patient, morbidity, mortality, patients, surgery, complications, physical examination, morbidity, mortality, cardiovascular system, nephrologic diseases, BUN, plasma, creatinine, value, ASA, patients, computer system, evaluation, analyses, patients, cost, DM, price, reagents, blood chemistry, blood gas analysis, chest, X - ray, DM, tests, laboratory, tests, work, patient, costs, DM, costs, surgical procedure, anaesthetic, propofol, ketamine, intubation, inhalation, isoflurane, sevoflurane, costs, evaluation, procedure, Surgical specialties, patients, evaluation, assessment, anaesthesiology, doctors, specialists, evaluation	DerAnaesthesist.40430223.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: In 1977 a new anaesthesiology preoperative evaluation clinic was started for evaluation of all elective surgical patients for their fitness to undergo anaesthesia . Physical examination , medical history and anaesthetic risk assessment are assessed in a standardized manner with the aid of computer menus . Comprehensive laboratory tests included electrocardiography , lung function assessment ( vital capacity and forced exspiratory volume with 1 s ) , chest X-ray , and arterial blood gas analysis and blood chemistry analysis with an SMA-22 ( System Multi Analyzer ) . At the conclusion of the preoperative evaluation , patients are classified according to ASA physical status , Goldman Cardiac Risk Index and an exercise classification such as NYHA . Only elective surgical patients are evaluated in this clinic . Within the last 15 years more than 75 000 patients have been seen in our preoperative clinic , 91.8% of whom were cleared for surgery and anaesthesia after the initial evaluation . There were 1132 patients who needed preoperative treatment first . Only 4.4% were discharged without operation because too many risk factors for perioperative complications were present . We found that comprehensive preoperative evaluation in this clinic was more efficient than bedside evaluation and reduced examination time for the patient . In 1983 and 1985 we published two prospective/retrospective studies on the improvement of perioperative morbidity and mortality of selected patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery . We found that perioperative complications and adverse outcome correlated with preoperative data and physical examination . The main source of perioperative morbidity and mortality was the cardiovascular system , followed by nephrologic diseases , correlating exactly with preoperative BUN and plasma creatinine . These studies also underlined the value of the ASA physical status to predict perioperative outcome . Since 1988 all patients ' data have been processed automatically by a computer system designed by clinic staff . Precise data evaluation , statistical analyses and selective studies of over 24 000 patients can be performed easily . The cost of one examination in the anaesthesia clinic is OeS 140 ( DM 17 ) . The price of the reagents for blood chemistry , blood gas analysis and the chest X-ray is OeS 95 ( DM 12 ) . If preoperative tests were discontinued the laboratory staff could not be much reduced , because preoperative tests do not account for more than 10% of the workload and the system must work over 24 h . In total , therefore , examination of one patient costs OeS 235 ( DM 30 ) . Compared with the total costs of the surgical procedure , this part is one of the smallest items . Even the anaesthetic management starting from intravenous induction with propofol or ketamine , followed by orotracheal intubation and inhalation anaesthesia with isoflurane or sevoflurane , costs more than this preoperative evaluation . This preanaesthetic examination procedure is easy to learn . Surgical specialties now routinely schedule patients for preoperative evaluation at the clinic . We feel that performing this comprehensive physical assessment reinforces basic concepts in anaesthesiology for the house doctors . All medical departments create specialists in each part of their sector . We think that anaesthetists should also optimize preoperative evaluation by concentrated well-organized practices . 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Physical examination , medical history and anaesthetic risk assessment are assessed in a standardized manner with the aid of computer menus . Comprehensive laboratory tests included electrocardiography , lung function assessment ( vital capacity and forced exspiratory volume with 1 s ) , chest X-ray , and arterial blood gas analysis and blood chemistry analysis with an SMA-22 ( System Multi Analyzer ) . At the conclusion of the preoperative evaluation , patients are classified according to ASA physical status , Goldman Cardiac Risk Index and an exercise classification such as NYHA . Only elective surgical patients are evaluated in this clinic . Within the last 15 years more than 75 000 patients have been seen in our preoperative clinic , 91.8% of whom were cleared for surgery and anaesthesia after the initial evaluation . There were 1132 patients who needed preoperative treatment first . Only 4.4% were discharged without operation because too many risk factors for perioperative complications were present . We found that comprehensive preoperative evaluation in this clinic was more efficient than bedside evaluation and reduced examination time for the patient . In 1983 and 1985 we published two prospective/retrospective studies on the improvement of perioperative morbidity and mortality of selected patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery . We found that perioperative complications and adverse outcome correlated with preoperative data and physical examination . The main source of perioperative morbidity and mortality was the cardiovascular system , followed by nephrologic diseases , correlating exactly with preoperative BUN and plasma creatinine . These studies also underlined the value of the ASA physical status to predict perioperative outcome . Since 1988 all patients ' data have been processed automatically by a computer system designed by clinic staff . Precise data evaluation , statistical analyses and selective studies of over 24 000 patients can be performed easily . The cost of one examination in the anaesthesia clinic is OeS 140 ( DM 17 ) . The price of the reagents for blood chemistry , blood gas analysis and the chest X-ray is OeS 95 ( DM 12 ) . If preoperative tests were discontinued the laboratory staff could not be much reduced , because preoperative tests do not account for more than 10% of the workload and the system must work over 24 h . In total , therefore , examination of one patient costs OeS 235 ( DM 30 ) . Compared with the total costs of the surgical procedure , this part is one of the smallest items . Even the anaesthetic management starting from intravenous induction with propofol or ketamine , followed by orotracheal intubation and inhalation anaesthesia with isoflurane or sevoflurane , costs more than this preoperative evaluation . This preanaesthetic examination procedure is easy to learn . Surgical specialties now routinely schedule patients for preoperative evaluation at the clinic . We feel that performing this comprehensive physical assessment reinforces basic concepts in anaesthesiology for the house doctors . All medical departments create specialists in each part of their sector . We think that anaesthetists should also optimize preoperative evaluation by concentrated well-organized practices .	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"status", ",", "Goldman", "Cardiac", "Risk", "Index", "and", "an", "exercise", "classification", "such", "as", "NYHA", ".", "Only", "elective", "surgical", "patients", "are", "evaluated", "in", "this", "clinic", ".", "Within", "the", "last", "15", "years", "more", "than", "75", "000", "patients", "have", "been", "seen", "in", "our", "preoperative", "clinic", ",", "91.8", "%", "of", "whom", "were", "cleared", "for", "surgery", "and", "anaesthesia", "after", "the", "initial", "evaluation", ".", "There", "were", "1132", "patients", "who", "needed", "preoperative", "treatment", "first", ".", "Only", "4.4", "%", "were", "discharged", "without", "operation", "because", "too", "many", "risk", "factors", "for", "perioperative", "complications", "were", "present", ".", "We", "found", "that", "comprehensive", "preoperative", "evaluation", "in", "this", "clinic", "was", "more", "efficient", "than", "bedside", "evaluation", "and", "reduced", "examination", "time", "for", "the", "patient", ".", 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"designed", "by", "clinic", "staff", ".", "Precise", "data", "evaluation", ",", "statistical", "analyses", "and", "selective", "studies", "of", "over", "24", "000", "patients", "can", "be", "performed", "easily", ".", "The", "cost", "of", "one", "examination", "in", "the", "anaesthesia", "clinic", "is", "OeS", "140", "(", "DM", "17", ")", ".", "The", "price", "of", "the", "reagents", "for", "blood", "chemistry", ",", "blood", "gas", "analysis", "and", "the", "chest", "X", "-", "ray", "is", "OeS", "95", "(", "DM", "12", ")", ".", "If", "preoperative", "tests", "were", "discontinued", "the", "laboratory", "staff", "could", "not", "be", "much", "reduced", ",", "because", "preoperative", "tests", "do", "not", "account", "for", "more", "than", "10", "%", "of", "the", "workload", "and", "the", "system", "must", "work", "over", "24", "h", ".", "In", "total", ",", "therefore", ",", "examination", "of", "one", "patient", "costs", "OeS", "235", "(", "DM", "30", ")", ".", "Compared", "with", "the", "total", "costs", "of", "the", "surgical", "procedure", ",", "this", "part", "is", "one", "of", "the", "smallest", "items", ".", "Even", "the", "anaesthetic", "management", "starting", "from", "intravenous", "induction", "with", "propofol", "or", "ketamine", ",", "followed", "by", "orotracheal", "intubation", "and", "inhalation", "anaesthesia", "with", "isoflurane", "or", "sevoflurane", ",", "costs", "more", "than", "this", "preoperative", "evaluation", ".", "This", "preanaesthetic", "examination", "procedure", "is", "easy", "to", "learn", ".", "Surgical", "specialties", "now", "routinely", "schedule", "patients", "for", "preoperative", "evaluation", "at", "the", "clinic", ".", "We", "feel", "that", "performing", "this", "comprehensive", "physical", "assessment", "reinforces", "basic", "concepts", "in", "anaesthesiology", "for", "the", "house", "doctors", ".", "All", "medical", "departments", "create", "specialists", "in", "each", "part", "of", "their", "sector", ".", "We", "think", "that", "anaesthetists", "should", "also", "optimize", "preoperative", "evaluation", "by", "concentrated", "well", "-", "organized", "practices", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical , supraclavicular is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones líticas óseas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, síndrome linfoproliferativo is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Neoplasia maligna is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, mielofibrosis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV ( por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas ) is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, linfoma no Hodgkin is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Enfermedad de Hodgkin is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA	221_task0	Sentence: Anamnesis Paciente varón de 29 años de edad que ingresa en el Hospital por un cuadro de epigastralgia de dos meses de evolución, sin asociar otro tipo de clínica digestiva. Refiere una pérdida ponderal de 9 kg en las últimas 3 semanas, sin astenia, hiporexia ni sudoración nocturna. El paciente es natural de Mali, aunque reside actualmente en España y desde hace 3 años no viaja a su país de origen. No presenta alergias medicamentosas y no relata ningún antecedente médico-quirúrgico de interés. Exploración física A nivel de la exploración física destaca la presencia de múltiples adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical, supraclavicular y axilar bilateral. El resto de la exploración no presentaba alteraciones reseñables. Pruebas complementarias - Electrocardiograma y radiografía abdominal normales. - La radiografía torácica muestra una prominencia del hilio pulmonar izquierdo. - A nivel analítico destaca la presencia de dacriocitos en sangre periférica, una anemia normocítica y normocrómica con una hemoblogina de 7,2 g/dl, una leucocitosis de 21820 /mmc con aumento de los reactantes de fase aguda (Proteina C Reactiva 251,5 mg/dl y fibrinógeno 1088 mg/dl), siendo los valores de lactato y procalcitonina normales. El resto de los parámetros analíticos se encontraban dentro de los límites de la normalidad. - Los hemocultivos y urocultivos extraídos fueron todos negativos. - Se solicitaron serologías de los patógenos más frecuentemente implicados en la etiología de las adenopatías múltiples, siendo todas ellas negativas. - Se llevó a cabo una tomografía computarizada (TC) toraco-abdomino-pélvica y un PET-TC en los cuales se pone de manifiesto una afectación adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular derecho, axilar izquierdo, hiliomediastínicas, retroperitoneal, iliacas e inguinal bilateral. También se evidencian múltiples lesiones focales esplénicas y numerosas lesiones líticas óseas. Diagnóstico Ante el diagnóstico de un síndrome linfoproliferativo se decide realizar una cervicotomía para la biopsia de una de las adenopatías. Anatomía patología remite el siguiente informe: Neoplasia maligna de hábito hematológico inclasificable pero con rasgos morfológicos e inmunofenotípicos sugestivos de sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares (CD23+). Se lleva a cabo una biopsia de médula ósea (MO) que muestra una mielofibrosis secundaria a infiltración neoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de un Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV (por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas), una patología linfoide extremadamente rara, se consensua la extirpación de una segunda adenopatía y la remisión de la muestra a dos patólogos del territorio español especializados en patologías linfoides. No existen en la literatura estudios prospectivos referentes al tratamiento, los esquemas de quimioterapia comúnmente utilizados son los regímenes para el tratamiento de linfoma no Hodgkin. Por lo tanto, el 31 de julio del 2015 administramos un primer ciclo de quimioterapia según el esquema CHOP, a la espera del segundo análisis anatomopatológico. Evolución Los dos patólogos comparten la misma impresión diagnóstica: las características morfológicas, citoquímicas, inmunofenotípicas así como inmunohistoquímicas sugieren que se trate de una Enfermedad de Hodgkin. A nivel anatomopatológico, el ganglio linfático presentaba una arquitectura distorsionada, con presencia de bandas de colágeno y folículos linfoides con centros germinales en la cortical y expansión interfolicular a expensas de células de Hodgkin y de Reed-Sternberg (RS) en un entorno rico en histiocitos y linfocitos. La muestra tenía una positividad difusa en las células de RS para CD20 y focal para CD30 y CD15, expresando de forma aberrante CD23 y CD68. Por lo tanto, el diagnóstico definitivo de nuestro paciente es un Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular estadio IVB. Posteriormente, al disponer del diagnóstico definitivo, realizamos un viraje del esquema de tratamiento a la pauta ABVD. El 27 de agosto del 2015 se administró el primer ciclo de quimioterapia con la nueva pauta. Tras estos dos ciclos, solicitamos un PET-TC de reevaluación precoz que mostraba una respuesta completa según los criterios de Deauville. Se administraron un total de 6 ciclos (1 de CHOP y 5 de ABVD), el último de ellos el 30 de diciembre del 2015. En el PET-TC de reevaluación después del tratamiento persistía la respuesta completa alcanzada tras el segundo ciclo. En el momento actual, junio del 2016, el paciente es recientemente diagnósticado de una recidiva de su enfermedad. Se encuentra con quimioterapia de inducción con el esquema ESHAP previo al trasplante autólogo. 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Refiere una pérdida ponderal de 9 kg en las últimas 3 semanas, sin astenia, hiporexia ni sudoración nocturna. El paciente es natural de Mali, aunque reside actualmente en España y desde hace 3 años no viaja a su país de origen. No presenta alergias medicamentosas y no relata ningún antecedente médico-quirúrgico de interés. Exploración física A nivel de la exploración física destaca la presencia de múltiples adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical, supraclavicular y axilar bilateral. El resto de la exploración no presentaba alteraciones reseñables. Pruebas complementarias - Electrocardiograma y radiografía abdominal normales. - La radiografía torácica muestra una prominencia del hilio pulmonar izquierdo. - A nivel analítico destaca la presencia de dacriocitos en sangre periférica, una anemia normocítica y normocrómica con una hemoblogina de 7,2 g/dl, una leucocitosis de 21820 /mmc con aumento de los reactantes de fase aguda (Proteina C Reactiva 251,5 mg/dl y fibrinógeno 1088 mg/dl), siendo los valores de lactato y procalcitonina normales. El resto de los parámetros analíticos se encontraban dentro de los límites de la normalidad. - Los hemocultivos y urocultivos extraídos fueron todos negativos. - Se solicitaron serologías de los patógenos más frecuentemente implicados en la etiología de las adenopatías múltiples, siendo todas ellas negativas. - Se llevó a cabo una tomografía computarizada (TC) toraco-abdomino-pélvica y un PET-TC en los cuales se pone de manifiesto una afectación adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular derecho, axilar izquierdo, hiliomediastínicas, retroperitoneal, iliacas e inguinal bilateral. También se evidencian múltiples lesiones focales esplénicas y numerosas lesiones líticas óseas. Diagnóstico Ante el diagnóstico de un síndrome linfoproliferativo se decide realizar una cervicotomía para la biopsia de una de las adenopatías. Anatomía patología remite el siguiente informe: Neoplasia maligna de hábito hematológico inclasificable pero con rasgos morfológicos e inmunofenotípicos sugestivos de sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares (CD23+). Se lleva a cabo una biopsia de médula ósea (MO) que muestra una mielofibrosis secundaria a infiltración neoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de un Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV (por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas), una patología linfoide extremadamente rara, se consensua la extirpación de una segunda adenopatía y la remisión de la muestra a dos patólogos del territorio español especializados en patologías linfoides. No existen en la literatura estudios prospectivos referentes al tratamiento, los esquemas de quimioterapia comúnmente utilizados son los regímenes para el tratamiento de linfoma no Hodgkin. Por lo tanto, el 31 de julio del 2015 administramos un primer ciclo de quimioterapia según el esquema CHOP, a la espera del segundo análisis anatomopatológico. Evolución Los dos patólogos comparten la misma impresión diagnóstica: las características morfológicas, citoquímicas, inmunofenotípicas así como inmunohistoquímicas sugieren que se trate de una Enfermedad de Hodgkin. A nivel anatomopatológico, el ganglio linfático presentaba una arquitectura distorsionada, con presencia de bandas de colágeno y folículos linfoides con centros germinales en la cortical y expansión interfolicular a expensas de células de Hodgkin y de Reed-Sternberg (RS) en un entorno rico en histiocitos y linfocitos. La muestra tenía una positividad difusa en las células de RS para CD20 y focal para CD30 y CD15, expresando de forma aberrante CD23 y CD68. Por lo tanto, el diagnóstico definitivo de nuestro paciente es un Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular estadio IVB. Posteriormente, al disponer del diagnóstico definitivo, realizamos un viraje del esquema de tratamiento a la pauta ABVD. El 27 de agosto del 2015 se administró el primer ciclo de quimioterapia con la nueva pauta. Tras estos dos ciclos, solicitamos un PET-TC de reevaluación precoz que mostraba una respuesta completa según los criterios de Deauville. Se administraron un total de 6 ciclos (1 de CHOP y 5 de ABVD), el último de ellos el 30 de diciembre del 2015. En el PET-TC de reevaluación después del tratamiento persistía la respuesta completa alcanzada tras el segundo ciclo. En el momento actual, junio del 2016, el paciente es recientemente diagnósticado de una recidiva de su enfermedad. Se encuentra con quimioterapia de inducción con el esquema ESHAP previo al trasplante autólogo.	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adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical , supraclavicular is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones líticas óseas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, síndrome linfoproliferativo is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Neoplasia maligna is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, mielofibrosis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV ( por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas ) is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, linfoma no Hodgkin is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Enfermedad de Hodgkin is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA	221_task1	Sentence: Anamnesis Paciente varón de 29 años de edad que ingresa en el Hospital por un cuadro de epigastralgia de dos meses de evolución, sin asociar otro tipo de clínica digestiva. Refiere una pérdida ponderal de 9 kg en las últimas 3 semanas, sin astenia, hiporexia ni sudoración nocturna. El paciente es natural de Mali, aunque reside actualmente en España y desde hace 3 años no viaja a su país de origen. No presenta alergias medicamentosas y no relata ningún antecedente médico-quirúrgico de interés. Exploración física A nivel de la exploración física destaca la presencia de múltiples adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical, supraclavicular y axilar bilateral. El resto de la exploración no presentaba alteraciones reseñables. Pruebas complementarias - Electrocardiograma y radiografía abdominal normales. - La radiografía torácica muestra una prominencia del hilio pulmonar izquierdo. - A nivel analítico destaca la presencia de dacriocitos en sangre periférica, una anemia normocítica y normocrómica con una hemoblogina de 7,2 g/dl, una leucocitosis de 21820 /mmc con aumento de los reactantes de fase aguda (Proteina C Reactiva 251,5 mg/dl y fibrinógeno 1088 mg/dl), siendo los valores de lactato y procalcitonina normales. El resto de los parámetros analíticos se encontraban dentro de los límites de la normalidad. - Los hemocultivos y urocultivos extraídos fueron todos negativos. - Se solicitaron serologías de los patógenos más frecuentemente implicados en la etiología de las adenopatías múltiples, siendo todas ellas negativas. - Se llevó a cabo una tomografía computarizada (TC) toraco-abdomino-pélvica y un PET-TC en los cuales se pone de manifiesto una afectación adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular derecho, axilar izquierdo, hiliomediastínicas, retroperitoneal, iliacas e inguinal bilateral. También se evidencian múltiples lesiones focales esplénicas y numerosas lesiones líticas óseas. Diagnóstico Ante el diagnóstico de un síndrome linfoproliferativo se decide realizar una cervicotomía para la biopsia de una de las adenopatías. Anatomía patología remite el siguiente informe: Neoplasia maligna de hábito hematológico inclasificable pero con rasgos morfológicos e inmunofenotípicos sugestivos de sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares (CD23+). Se lleva a cabo una biopsia de médula ósea (MO) que muestra una mielofibrosis secundaria a infiltración neoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de un Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV (por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas), una patología linfoide extremadamente rara, se consensua la extirpación de una segunda adenopatía y la remisión de la muestra a dos patólogos del territorio español especializados en patologías linfoides. No existen en la literatura estudios prospectivos referentes al tratamiento, los esquemas de quimioterapia comúnmente utilizados son los regímenes para el tratamiento de linfoma no Hodgkin. Por lo tanto, el 31 de julio del 2015 administramos un primer ciclo de quimioterapia según el esquema CHOP, a la espera del segundo análisis anatomopatológico. Evolución Los dos patólogos comparten la misma impresión diagnóstica: las características morfológicas, citoquímicas, inmunofenotípicas así como inmunohistoquímicas sugieren que se trate de una Enfermedad de Hodgkin. A nivel anatomopatológico, el ganglio linfático presentaba una arquitectura distorsionada, con presencia de bandas de colágeno y folículos linfoides con centros germinales en la cortical y expansión interfolicular a expensas de células de Hodgkin y de Reed-Sternberg (RS) en un entorno rico en histiocitos y linfocitos. La muestra tenía una positividad difusa en las células de RS para CD20 y focal para CD30 y CD15, expresando de forma aberrante CD23 y CD68. Por lo tanto, el diagnóstico definitivo de nuestro paciente es un Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular estadio IVB. Posteriormente, al disponer del diagnóstico definitivo, realizamos un viraje del esquema de tratamiento a la pauta ABVD. El 27 de agosto del 2015 se administró el primer ciclo de quimioterapia con la nueva pauta. Tras estos dos ciclos, solicitamos un PET-TC de reevaluación precoz que mostraba una respuesta completa según los criterios de Deauville. Se administraron un total de 6 ciclos (1 de CHOP y 5 de ABVD), el último de ellos el 30 de diciembre del 2015. En el PET-TC de reevaluación después del tratamiento persistía la respuesta completa alcanzada tras el segundo ciclo. En el momento actual, junio del 2016, el paciente es recientemente diagnósticado de una recidiva de su enfermedad. Se encuentra con quimioterapia de inducción con el esquema ESHAP previo al trasplante autólogo. 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Refiere una pérdida ponderal de 9 kg en las últimas 3 semanas, sin astenia, hiporexia ni sudoración nocturna. El paciente es natural de Mali, aunque reside actualmente en España y desde hace 3 años no viaja a su país de origen. No presenta alergias medicamentosas y no relata ningún antecedente médico-quirúrgico de interés. Exploración física A nivel de la exploración física destaca la presencia de múltiples adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical, supraclavicular y axilar bilateral. El resto de la exploración no presentaba alteraciones reseñables. Pruebas complementarias - Electrocardiograma y radiografía abdominal normales. - La radiografía torácica muestra una prominencia del hilio pulmonar izquierdo. - A nivel analítico destaca la presencia de dacriocitos en sangre periférica, una anemia normocítica y normocrómica con una hemoblogina de 7,2 g/dl, una leucocitosis de 21820 /mmc con aumento de los reactantes de fase aguda (Proteina C Reactiva 251,5 mg/dl y fibrinógeno 1088 mg/dl), siendo los valores de lactato y procalcitonina normales. El resto de los parámetros analíticos se encontraban dentro de los límites de la normalidad. - Los hemocultivos y urocultivos extraídos fueron todos negativos. - Se solicitaron serologías de los patógenos más frecuentemente implicados en la etiología de las adenopatías múltiples, siendo todas ellas negativas. - Se llevó a cabo una tomografía computarizada (TC) toraco-abdomino-pélvica y un PET-TC en los cuales se pone de manifiesto una afectación adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular derecho, axilar izquierdo, hiliomediastínicas, retroperitoneal, iliacas e inguinal bilateral. También se evidencian múltiples lesiones focales esplénicas y numerosas lesiones líticas óseas. Diagnóstico Ante el diagnóstico de un síndrome linfoproliferativo se decide realizar una cervicotomía para la biopsia de una de las adenopatías. Anatomía patología remite el siguiente informe: Neoplasia maligna de hábito hematológico inclasificable pero con rasgos morfológicos e inmunofenotípicos sugestivos de sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares (CD23+). Se lleva a cabo una biopsia de médula ósea (MO) que muestra una mielofibrosis secundaria a infiltración neoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de un Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV (por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas), una patología linfoide extremadamente rara, se consensua la extirpación de una segunda adenopatía y la remisión de la muestra a dos patólogos del territorio español especializados en patologías linfoides. No existen en la literatura estudios prospectivos referentes al tratamiento, los esquemas de quimioterapia comúnmente utilizados son los regímenes para el tratamiento de linfoma no Hodgkin. Por lo tanto, el 31 de julio del 2015 administramos un primer ciclo de quimioterapia según el esquema CHOP, a la espera del segundo análisis anatomopatológico. Evolución Los dos patólogos comparten la misma impresión diagnóstica: las características morfológicas, citoquímicas, inmunofenotípicas así como inmunohistoquímicas sugieren que se trate de una Enfermedad de Hodgkin. A nivel anatomopatológico, el ganglio linfático presentaba una arquitectura distorsionada, con presencia de bandas de colágeno y folículos linfoides con centros germinales en la cortical y expansión interfolicular a expensas de células de Hodgkin y de Reed-Sternberg (RS) en un entorno rico en histiocitos y linfocitos. La muestra tenía una positividad difusa en las células de RS para CD20 y focal para CD30 y CD15, expresando de forma aberrante CD23 y CD68. Por lo tanto, el diagnóstico definitivo de nuestro paciente es un Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular estadio IVB. Posteriormente, al disponer del diagnóstico definitivo, realizamos un viraje del esquema de tratamiento a la pauta ABVD. El 27 de agosto del 2015 se administró el primer ciclo de quimioterapia con la nueva pauta. Tras estos dos ciclos, solicitamos un PET-TC de reevaluación precoz que mostraba una respuesta completa según los criterios de Deauville. Se administraron un total de 6 ciclos (1 de CHOP y 5 de ABVD), el último de ellos el 30 de diciembre del 2015. En el PET-TC de reevaluación después del tratamiento persistía la respuesta completa alcanzada tras el segundo ciclo. En el momento actual, junio del 2016, el paciente es recientemente diagnósticado de una recidiva de su enfermedad. Se encuentra con quimioterapia de inducción con el esquema ESHAP previo al trasplante autólogo.	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adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical , supraclavicular, adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular, lesiones líticas óseas, síndrome linfoproliferativo, Neoplasia maligna, sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares, mielofibrosis, neoplásica, Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV ( por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas ), linfoma no Hodgkin, Enfermedad de Hodgkin, Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular	221_task2	Sentence: Anamnesis Paciente varón de 29 años de edad que ingresa en el Hospital por un cuadro de epigastralgia de dos meses de evolución, sin asociar otro tipo de clínica digestiva. Refiere una pérdida ponderal de 9 kg en las últimas 3 semanas, sin astenia, hiporexia ni sudoración nocturna. El paciente es natural de Mali, aunque reside actualmente en España y desde hace 3 años no viaja a su país de origen. No presenta alergias medicamentosas y no relata ningún antecedente médico-quirúrgico de interés. Exploración física A nivel de la exploración física destaca la presencia de múltiples adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical, supraclavicular y axilar bilateral. El resto de la exploración no presentaba alteraciones reseñables. Pruebas complementarias - Electrocardiograma y radiografía abdominal normales. - La radiografía torácica muestra una prominencia del hilio pulmonar izquierdo. - A nivel analítico destaca la presencia de dacriocitos en sangre periférica, una anemia normocítica y normocrómica con una hemoblogina de 7,2 g/dl, una leucocitosis de 21820 /mmc con aumento de los reactantes de fase aguda (Proteina C Reactiva 251,5 mg/dl y fibrinógeno 1088 mg/dl), siendo los valores de lactato y procalcitonina normales. El resto de los parámetros analíticos se encontraban dentro de los límites de la normalidad. - Los hemocultivos y urocultivos extraídos fueron todos negativos. - Se solicitaron serologías de los patógenos más frecuentemente implicados en la etiología de las adenopatías múltiples, siendo todas ellas negativas. - Se llevó a cabo una tomografía computarizada (TC) toraco-abdomino-pélvica y un PET-TC en los cuales se pone de manifiesto una afectación adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular derecho, axilar izquierdo, hiliomediastínicas, retroperitoneal, iliacas e inguinal bilateral. También se evidencian múltiples lesiones focales esplénicas y numerosas lesiones líticas óseas. Diagnóstico Ante el diagnóstico de un síndrome linfoproliferativo se decide realizar una cervicotomía para la biopsia de una de las adenopatías. Anatomía patología remite el siguiente informe: Neoplasia maligna de hábito hematológico inclasificable pero con rasgos morfológicos e inmunofenotípicos sugestivos de sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares (CD23+). Se lleva a cabo una biopsia de médula ósea (MO) que muestra una mielofibrosis secundaria a infiltración neoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de un Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV (por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas), una patología linfoide extremadamente rara, se consensua la extirpación de una segunda adenopatía y la remisión de la muestra a dos patólogos del territorio español especializados en patologías linfoides. No existen en la literatura estudios prospectivos referentes al tratamiento, los esquemas de quimioterapia comúnmente utilizados son los regímenes para el tratamiento de linfoma no Hodgkin. Por lo tanto, el 31 de julio del 2015 administramos un primer ciclo de quimioterapia según el esquema CHOP, a la espera del segundo análisis anatomopatológico. Evolución Los dos patólogos comparten la misma impresión diagnóstica: las características morfológicas, citoquímicas, inmunofenotípicas así como inmunohistoquímicas sugieren que se trate de una Enfermedad de Hodgkin. A nivel anatomopatológico, el ganglio linfático presentaba una arquitectura distorsionada, con presencia de bandas de colágeno y folículos linfoides con centros germinales en la cortical y expansión interfolicular a expensas de células de Hodgkin y de Reed-Sternberg (RS) en un entorno rico en histiocitos y linfocitos. La muestra tenía una positividad difusa en las células de RS para CD20 y focal para CD30 y CD15, expresando de forma aberrante CD23 y CD68. Por lo tanto, el diagnóstico definitivo de nuestro paciente es un Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular estadio IVB. Posteriormente, al disponer del diagnóstico definitivo, realizamos un viraje del esquema de tratamiento a la pauta ABVD. El 27 de agosto del 2015 se administró el primer ciclo de quimioterapia con la nueva pauta. Tras estos dos ciclos, solicitamos un PET-TC de reevaluación precoz que mostraba una respuesta completa según los criterios de Deauville. Se administraron un total de 6 ciclos (1 de CHOP y 5 de ABVD), el último de ellos el 30 de diciembre del 2015. En el PET-TC de reevaluación después del tratamiento persistía la respuesta completa alcanzada tras el segundo ciclo. En el momento actual, junio del 2016, el paciente es recientemente diagnósticado de una recidiva de su enfermedad. Se encuentra con quimioterapia de inducción con el esquema ESHAP previo al trasplante autólogo. 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Refiere una pérdida ponderal de 9 kg en las últimas 3 semanas, sin astenia, hiporexia ni sudoración nocturna. El paciente es natural de Mali, aunque reside actualmente en España y desde hace 3 años no viaja a su país de origen. No presenta alergias medicamentosas y no relata ningún antecedente médico-quirúrgico de interés. Exploración física A nivel de la exploración física destaca la presencia de múltiples adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical, supraclavicular y axilar bilateral. El resto de la exploración no presentaba alteraciones reseñables. Pruebas complementarias - Electrocardiograma y radiografía abdominal normales. - La radiografía torácica muestra una prominencia del hilio pulmonar izquierdo. - A nivel analítico destaca la presencia de dacriocitos en sangre periférica, una anemia normocítica y normocrómica con una hemoblogina de 7,2 g/dl, una leucocitosis de 21820 /mmc con aumento de los reactantes de fase aguda (Proteina C Reactiva 251,5 mg/dl y fibrinógeno 1088 mg/dl), siendo los valores de lactato y procalcitonina normales. El resto de los parámetros analíticos se encontraban dentro de los límites de la normalidad. - Los hemocultivos y urocultivos extraídos fueron todos negativos. - Se solicitaron serologías de los patógenos más frecuentemente implicados en la etiología de las adenopatías múltiples, siendo todas ellas negativas. - Se llevó a cabo una tomografía computarizada (TC) toraco-abdomino-pélvica y un PET-TC en los cuales se pone de manifiesto una afectación adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular derecho, axilar izquierdo, hiliomediastínicas, retroperitoneal, iliacas e inguinal bilateral. También se evidencian múltiples lesiones focales esplénicas y numerosas lesiones líticas óseas. Diagnóstico Ante el diagnóstico de un síndrome linfoproliferativo se decide realizar una cervicotomía para la biopsia de una de las adenopatías. Anatomía patología remite el siguiente informe: Neoplasia maligna de hábito hematológico inclasificable pero con rasgos morfológicos e inmunofenotípicos sugestivos de sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares (CD23+). Se lleva a cabo una biopsia de médula ósea (MO) que muestra una mielofibrosis secundaria a infiltración neoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de un Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV (por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas), una patología linfoide extremadamente rara, se consensua la extirpación de una segunda adenopatía y la remisión de la muestra a dos patólogos del territorio español especializados en patologías linfoides. No existen en la literatura estudios prospectivos referentes al tratamiento, los esquemas de quimioterapia comúnmente utilizados son los regímenes para el tratamiento de linfoma no Hodgkin. Por lo tanto, el 31 de julio del 2015 administramos un primer ciclo de quimioterapia según el esquema CHOP, a la espera del segundo análisis anatomopatológico. Evolución Los dos patólogos comparten la misma impresión diagnóstica: las características morfológicas, citoquímicas, inmunofenotípicas así como inmunohistoquímicas sugieren que se trate de una Enfermedad de Hodgkin. A nivel anatomopatológico, el ganglio linfático presentaba una arquitectura distorsionada, con presencia de bandas de colágeno y folículos linfoides con centros germinales en la cortical y expansión interfolicular a expensas de células de Hodgkin y de Reed-Sternberg (RS) en un entorno rico en histiocitos y linfocitos. La muestra tenía una positividad difusa en las células de RS para CD20 y focal para CD30 y CD15, expresando de forma aberrante CD23 y CD68. Por lo tanto, el diagnóstico definitivo de nuestro paciente es un Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular estadio IVB. Posteriormente, al disponer del diagnóstico definitivo, realizamos un viraje del esquema de tratamiento a la pauta ABVD. El 27 de agosto del 2015 se administró el primer ciclo de quimioterapia con la nueva pauta. Tras estos dos ciclos, solicitamos un PET-TC de reevaluación precoz que mostraba una respuesta completa según los criterios de Deauville. Se administraron un total de 6 ciclos (1 de CHOP y 5 de ABVD), el último de ellos el 30 de diciembre del 2015. En el PET-TC de reevaluación después del tratamiento persistía la respuesta completa alcanzada tras el segundo ciclo. En el momento actual, junio del 2016, el paciente es recientemente diagnósticado de una recidiva de su enfermedad. Se encuentra con quimioterapia de inducción con el esquema ESHAP previo al trasplante autólogo.	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"analíticos", "se", "encontraban", "dentro", "de", "los", "límites", "de", "la", "normalidad", ".", "\n", "-", "Los", "hemocultivos", "y", "urocultivos", "extraídos", "fueron", "todos", "negativos", ".", "\n", "-", "Se", "solicitaron", "serologías", "de", "los", "patógenos", "más", "frecuentemente", "implicados", "en", "la", "etiología", "de", "las", "adenopatías", "múltiples", ",", "siendo", "todas", "ellas", "negativas", ".", "\n", "-", "Se", "llevó", "a", "cabo", "una", "tomografía", "computarizada", "(", "TC", ")", "toraco", "-", "abdomino", "-", "pélvica", "y", "un", "PET", "-", "TC", " ", "en", "los", "cuales", "se", "pone", "de", "manifiesto", "una", "afectación", "adenopática", "supra", "e", "infradiafragmática", "de", "predominio", "supraclavicular", "derecho", ",", "axilar", "izquierdo", ",", "hiliomediastínicas", ",", "retroperitoneal", ",", "iliacas", "e", "inguinal", "bilateral", ".", "También", "se", "evidencian", "múltiples", "lesiones", "focales", "esplénicas", "y", "numerosas", "lesiones", "líticas", "óseas", ".", "\n\n", "Diagnóstico", "\n", "Ante", "el", "diagnóstico", "de", "un", "síndrome", "linfoproliferativo", "se", "decide", "realizar", "una", "cervicotomía", "para", "la", "biopsia", "de", "una", "de", "las", "adenopatías", ".", "Anatomía", "patología", "remite", "el", "siguiente", "informe", ":", "Neoplasia", "maligna", "de", "hábito", "hematológico", "inclasificable", "pero", "con", "rasgos", "morfológicos", "e", "inmunofenotípicos", "sugestivos", "de", "sarcoma", "de", "células", "dendríticas", "foliculares", "(", "CD23", "+", ")", ".", "Se", "lleva", "a", "cabo", "una", "biopsia", "de", "médula", "ósea", "(", "MO", ")", "que", "muestra", "una", "mielofibrosis", "secundaria", "a", "infiltración", "neoplásica", ".", "\n\n", "Tratamiento", "\n", "Ante", "el", "diagnóstico", "de", "un", "Sarcoma", "de", "células", "dendríticas", "foliculares", "estadio", "IV", "(", "por", "infiltración", "de", "MO", "y", "lesiones", "óseas", ")", ",", "una", "patología", "linfoide", "extremadamente", "rara", ",", "se", "consensua", "la", "extirpación", "de", "una", "segunda", "adenopatía", "y", "la", "remisión", "de", "la", "muestra", "a", "dos", "patólogos", "del", "territorio", "español", "especializados", "en", "patologías", "linfoides", ".", "\n", "No", "existen", "en", "la", "literatura", "estudios", "prospectivos", "referentes", "al", "tratamiento", ",", "los", "esquemas", "de", "quimioterapia", "comúnmente", "utilizados", "son", "los", "regímenes", "para", "el", "tratamiento", "de", "linfoma", "no", "Hodgkin", ".", "Por", "lo", "tanto", ",", "el", "31", "de", "julio", "del", "2015", "administramos", "un", "primer", "ciclo", "de", "quimioterapia", "según", "el", "esquema", "CHOP", ",", "a", "la", "espera", "del", "segundo", "análisis", "anatomopatológico", ".", "\n\n", "Evolución", "\n", "Los", "dos", "patólogos", "comparten", "la", "misma", "impresión", "diagnóstica", ":", "las", "características", "morfológicas", ",", "citoquímicas", ",", "inmunofenotípicas", "así", "como", "inmunohistoquímicas", "sugieren", "que", "se", "trate", "de", "una", "Enfermedad", "de", "Hodgkin", ".", "A", "nivel", "anatomopatológico", ",", "el", "ganglio", "linfático", "presentaba", "una", "arquitectura", "distorsionada", ",", "con", "presencia", "de", "bandas", "de", "colágeno", "y", "folículos", "linfoides", "con", "centros", "germinales", "en", "la", "cortical", "y", "expansión", "interfolicular", "a", "expensas", "de", "células", "de", "Hodgkin", "y", "de", "Reed", "-", "Sternberg", "(", "RS", ")", "en", "un", "entorno", "rico", "en", "histiocitos", "y", "linfocitos", ".", "La", "muestra", "tenía", "una", "positividad", "difusa", "en", "las", "células", "de", "RS", "para", "CD20", "y", "focal", "para", "CD30", "y", "CD15", ",", "expresando", "de", "forma", "aberrante", "CD23", "y", "CD68", ".", "Por", "lo", "tanto", ",", "el", "diagnóstico", "definitivo", "de", "nuestro", "paciente", "es", "un", "Linfoma", "de", "Hodgkin", "clásico", "tipo", "esclerosis", "nodular", "estadio", "IVB", ".", "\n", "Posteriormente", ",", "al", "disponer", "del", "diagnóstico", "definitivo", ",", "realizamos", "un", "viraje", "del", "esquema", "de", "tratamiento", "a", "la", "pauta", "ABVD", ".", "El", "27", "de", "agosto", "del", "2015", "se", "administró", "el", "primer", "ciclo", "de", "quimioterapia", "con", "la", "nueva", "pauta", ".", "Tras", "estos", "dos", "ciclos", ",", "solicitamos", "un", "PET", "-", "TC", "de", "reevaluación", "precoz", "que", "mostraba", "una", "respuesta", "completa", "según", "los", "criterios", "de", "Deauville", ".", "Se", "administraron", "un", "total", "de", "6", "ciclos", "(", "1", "de", "CHOP", "y", "5", "de", "ABVD", ")", ",", "el", "último", "de", "ellos", "el", "30", "de", "diciembre", "del", "2015", ".", "En", "el", "PET", "-", "TC", "de", "reevaluación", "después", "del", "tratamiento", "persistía", "la", "respuesta", "completa", "alcanzada", "tras", "el", "segundo", "ciclo", ".", "En", "el", "momento", "actual", ",", "junio", "del", "2016", ",", "el", "paciente", "es", "recientemente", "diagnósticado", "de", "una", "recidiva", "de", "su", "enfermedad", ".", "Se", "encuentra", "con", "quimioterapia", "de", "inducción", "con", "el", "esquema", "ESHAP", "previo", "al", "trasplante", "autólogo", "." ]	[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]
actin is a Individual_protein, profilin is a Individual_protein, profilin is a Individual_protein, actin is a Individual_protein	260_task0	Sentence: However, these mutants displayed a lower affinity for actin than wild-type profilin, suggesting that additional putative bonds created this way cannot increase profilin's affinity for actin. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Individual_protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O" ]	However, these mutants displayed a lower affinity for actin than wild-type profilin, suggesting that additional putative bonds created this way cannot increase profilin's affinity for actin.	[ "However", ",", "these", "mutants", "displayed", "a", "lower", "affinity", "for", "actin", "than", "wild", "-", "type", "profilin", ",", "suggesting", "that", "additional", "putative", "bonds", "created", "this", "way", "cannot", "increase", "profilin", "'s", "affinity", "for", "actin", "." ]	[ "Individual_protein" ]
actin is a Individual_protein, profilin is a Individual_protein, profilin is a Individual_protein, actin is a Individual_protein	260_task1	Sentence: However, these mutants displayed a lower affinity for actin than wild-type profilin, suggesting that additional putative bonds created this way cannot increase profilin's affinity for actin. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: actin, profilin, profilin, actin Options: Individual_protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O" ]	However, these mutants displayed a lower affinity for actin than wild-type profilin, suggesting that additional putative bonds created this way cannot increase profilin's affinity for actin.	[ "However", ",", "these", "mutants", "displayed", "a", "lower", "affinity", "for", "actin", "than", "wild", "-", "type", "profilin", ",", "suggesting", "that", "additional", "putative", "bonds", "created", "this", "way", "cannot", "increase", "profilin", "'s", "affinity", "for", "actin", "." ]	[ "Individual_protein" ]
actin, profilin, profilin, actin	260_task2	Sentence: However, these mutants displayed a lower affinity for actin than wild-type profilin, suggesting that additional putative bonds created this way cannot increase profilin's affinity for actin. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O" ]	However, these mutants displayed a lower affinity for actin than wild-type profilin, suggesting that additional putative bonds created this way cannot increase profilin's affinity for actin.	[ "However", ",", "these", "mutants", "displayed", "a", "lower", "affinity", "for", "actin", "than", "wild", "-", "type", "profilin", ",", "suggesting", "that", "additional", "putative", "bonds", "created", "this", "way", "cannot", "increase", "profilin", "'s", "affinity", "for", "actin", "." ]	[ "Individual_protein" ]
edoxaban is a Intervention_Pharmacological, warfarin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, edoxaban with warfarin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, or warfarin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, warfarin . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, major and / or clinically relevant non - major bleeding is a Outcome_Physical, elevated hepatic enzymes and / or bilirubin is a Outcome_Physical, the incidence of bleeding is a Outcome_Physical, both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations is a Outcome_Physical, in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values is a Outcome_Physical, more bleeding is a Outcome_Physical, are safe and well - tolerated is a Outcome_Other	47015_task0	Sentence: Randomised , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational phase 2 study comparing edoxaban , an oral factor Xa inhibitor , with warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation . The primary objective of this study was to compare the safety of four fixed-dose regimens of edoxaban with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation ( AF ) . In this 12-week , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational study , 1,146 patients with AF and risk of stroke were randomised to edoxaban 30 mg qd , 30 mg bid , 60 mg qd , or 60 mg bid or warfarin dose-adjusted to a target international normalised ratio of 2.0-3.0 . The study was double-blind to edoxaban dose , but open-label to warfarin . Primary outcomes were occurrence of major and/or clinically relevant non-major bleeding and elevated hepatic enzymes and/or bilirubin . Mean age was 65 +/- 8.7 years and 64.4 % were warfarin-naïve . Whereas major plus clinically relevant non-major bleeding occurred in 3.2 % of patients randomised to warfarin , the incidence of bleeding was significantly higher with the edoxaban 60 mg bid ( 10.6 % ; p=0.002 ) and 30 mg bid regimens ( 7.8 % ; p=0.029 ) , but not with the edoxaban 60 mg qd ( 3.8 % ) or 30 mg qd regimens ( 3.0 % ) . For the same total daily dose of 60 mg , both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations were higher in the 30-mg bid group than in the 60-mg qd group . There were no significant differences in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values among the groups . The safety profiles of edoxaban 30 and 60 mg qd in patients with AF were similar to warfarin . In contrast , the edoxaban bid regimens were associated with more bleeding than warfarin . These results suggest that in this three-month study , edoxaban 30 or 60 mg qd are safe and well-tolerated . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Outcome_Other, Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Physical	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O" ]	Randomised , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational phase 2 study comparing edoxaban , an oral factor Xa inhibitor , with warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation . The primary objective of this study was to compare the safety of four fixed-dose regimens of edoxaban with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation ( AF ) . In this 12-week , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational study , 1,146 patients with AF and risk of stroke were randomised to edoxaban 30 mg qd , 30 mg bid , 60 mg qd , or 60 mg bid or warfarin dose-adjusted to a target international normalised ratio of 2.0-3.0 . The study was double-blind to edoxaban dose , but open-label to warfarin . Primary outcomes were occurrence of major and/or clinically relevant non-major bleeding and elevated hepatic enzymes and/or bilirubin . Mean age was 65 +/- 8.7 years and 64.4 % were warfarin-naïve . Whereas major plus clinically relevant non-major bleeding occurred in 3.2 % of patients randomised to warfarin , the incidence of bleeding was significantly higher with the edoxaban 60 mg bid ( 10.6 % ; p=0.002 ) and 30 mg bid regimens ( 7.8 % ; p=0.029 ) , but not with the edoxaban 60 mg qd ( 3.8 % ) or 30 mg qd regimens ( 3.0 % ) . For the same total daily dose of 60 mg , both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations were higher in the 30-mg bid group than in the 60-mg qd group . There were no significant differences in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values among the groups . The safety profiles of edoxaban 30 and 60 mg qd in patients with AF were similar to warfarin . In contrast , the edoxaban bid regimens were associated with more bleeding than warfarin . These results suggest that in this three-month study , edoxaban 30 or 60 mg qd are safe and well-tolerated .	[ "Randomised", ",", "parallel", "-", "group", ",", "multicentre", ",", "multinational", "phase", "2", "study", "comparing", "edoxaban", ",", "an", "oral", "factor", "Xa", "inhibitor", ",", "with", "warfarin", "for", "stroke", "prevention", "in", "patients", "with", "atrial", "fibrillation", ".", "The", "primary", "objective", "of", "this", "study", "was", "to", "compare", "the", "safety", "of", "four", "fixed", "-", "dose", "regimens", "of", "edoxaban", "with", "warfarin", "in", "patients", "with", "non", "-", "valvular", "atrial", "fibrillation", "(", "AF", ")", ".", "In", "this", "12-week", ",", "parallel", "-", "group", ",", "multicentre", ",", "multinational", "study", ",", "1,146", "patients", "with", "AF", "and", "risk", "of", "stroke", "were", "randomised", "to", "edoxaban", "30", "mg", "qd", ",", "30", "mg", "bid", ",", "60", "mg", "qd", ",", "or", "60", "mg", "bid", "or", "warfarin", "dose", "-", "adjusted", "to", "a", "target", "international", "normalised", "ratio", "of", "2.0", "-", "3.0", ".", "The", "study", "was", "double", "-", "blind", "to", "edoxaban", "dose", ",", "but", "open", "-", "label", "to", "warfarin", ".", "Primary", "outcomes", "were", "occurrence", "of", "major", "and", "/", "or", "clinically", "relevant", "non", "-", "major", "bleeding", "and", "elevated", "hepatic", "enzymes", "and", "/", "or", "bilirubin", ".", "Mean", "age", "was", "65", "+", "/-", "8.7", "years", "and", "64.4", "%", "were", "warfarin", "-", "naïve", ".", "Whereas", "major", "plus", "clinically", "relevant", "non", "-", "major", "bleeding", "occurred", "in", "3.2", "%", "of", "patients", "randomised", "to", "warfarin", ",", "the", "incidence", "of", "bleeding", "was", "significantly", "higher", "with", "the", "edoxaban", "60", "mg", "bid", "(", "10.6", "%", ";", "p=0.002", ")", "and", "30", "mg", "bid", "regimens", "(", "7.8", "%", ";", "p=0.029", ")", ",", "but", "not", "with", "the", "edoxaban", "60", "mg", "qd", "(", "3.8", "%", ")", "or", "30", "mg", "qd", "regimens", "(", "3.0", "%", ")", ".", "For", "the", "same", "total", "daily", "dose", "of", "60", "mg", ",", "both", "bleeding", "frequency", "and", "trough", "edoxaban", "concentrations", "were", "higher", "in", "the", "30-mg", "bid", "group", "than", "in", "the", "60-mg", "qd", "group", ".", "There", "were", "no", "significant", "differences", "in", "hepatic", "enzyme", "elevations", "or", "bilirubin", "values", "among", "the", "groups", ".", "The", "safety", "profiles", "of", "edoxaban", "30", "and", "60", "mg", "qd", "in", "patients", "with", "AF", "were", "similar", "to", "warfarin", ".", "In", "contrast", ",", "the", "edoxaban", "bid", "regimens", "were", "associated", "with", "more", "bleeding", "than", "warfarin", ".", "These", "results", "suggest", "that", "in", "this", "three", "-", "month", "study", ",", "edoxaban", "30", "or", "60", "mg", "qd", "are", "safe", "and", "well", "-", "tolerated", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]
edoxaban is a Intervention_Pharmacological, warfarin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, edoxaban with warfarin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, or warfarin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, warfarin . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, major and / or clinically relevant non - major bleeding is a Outcome_Physical, elevated hepatic enzymes and / or bilirubin is a Outcome_Physical, the incidence of bleeding is a Outcome_Physical, both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations is a Outcome_Physical, in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values is a Outcome_Physical, more bleeding is a Outcome_Physical, are safe and well - tolerated is a Outcome_Other	47015_task1	Sentence: Randomised , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational phase 2 study comparing edoxaban , an oral factor Xa inhibitor , with warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation . The primary objective of this study was to compare the safety of four fixed-dose regimens of edoxaban with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation ( AF ) . In this 12-week , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational study , 1,146 patients with AF and risk of stroke were randomised to edoxaban 30 mg qd , 30 mg bid , 60 mg qd , or 60 mg bid or warfarin dose-adjusted to a target international normalised ratio of 2.0-3.0 . The study was double-blind to edoxaban dose , but open-label to warfarin . Primary outcomes were occurrence of major and/or clinically relevant non-major bleeding and elevated hepatic enzymes and/or bilirubin . Mean age was 65 +/- 8.7 years and 64.4 % were warfarin-naïve . Whereas major plus clinically relevant non-major bleeding occurred in 3.2 % of patients randomised to warfarin , the incidence of bleeding was significantly higher with the edoxaban 60 mg bid ( 10.6 % ; p=0.002 ) and 30 mg bid regimens ( 7.8 % ; p=0.029 ) , but not with the edoxaban 60 mg qd ( 3.8 % ) or 30 mg qd regimens ( 3.0 % ) . For the same total daily dose of 60 mg , both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations were higher in the 30-mg bid group than in the 60-mg qd group . There were no significant differences in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values among the groups . The safety profiles of edoxaban 30 and 60 mg qd in patients with AF were similar to warfarin . In contrast , the edoxaban bid regimens were associated with more bleeding than warfarin . These results suggest that in this three-month study , edoxaban 30 or 60 mg qd are safe and well-tolerated . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: edoxaban, warfarin, edoxaban with warfarin, or warfarin, warfarin ., major and / or clinically relevant non - major bleeding, elevated hepatic enzymes and / or bilirubin, the incidence of bleeding, both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations, in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values, more bleeding, are safe and well - tolerated Options: Outcome_Other, Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Physical	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O" ]	Randomised , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational phase 2 study comparing edoxaban , an oral factor Xa inhibitor , with warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation . The primary objective of this study was to compare the safety of four fixed-dose regimens of edoxaban with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation ( AF ) . In this 12-week , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational study , 1,146 patients with AF and risk of stroke were randomised to edoxaban 30 mg qd , 30 mg bid , 60 mg qd , or 60 mg bid or warfarin dose-adjusted to a target international normalised ratio of 2.0-3.0 . The study was double-blind to edoxaban dose , but open-label to warfarin . Primary outcomes were occurrence of major and/or clinically relevant non-major bleeding and elevated hepatic enzymes and/or bilirubin . Mean age was 65 +/- 8.7 years and 64.4 % were warfarin-naïve . Whereas major plus clinically relevant non-major bleeding occurred in 3.2 % of patients randomised to warfarin , the incidence of bleeding was significantly higher with the edoxaban 60 mg bid ( 10.6 % ; p=0.002 ) and 30 mg bid regimens ( 7.8 % ; p=0.029 ) , but not with the edoxaban 60 mg qd ( 3.8 % ) or 30 mg qd regimens ( 3.0 % ) . For the same total daily dose of 60 mg , both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations were higher in the 30-mg bid group than in the 60-mg qd group . There were no significant differences in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values among the groups . The safety profiles of edoxaban 30 and 60 mg qd in patients with AF were similar to warfarin . In contrast , the edoxaban bid regimens were associated with more bleeding than warfarin . These results suggest that in this three-month study , edoxaban 30 or 60 mg qd are safe and well-tolerated .	[ "Randomised", ",", "parallel", "-", "group", ",", "multicentre", ",", "multinational", "phase", "2", "study", "comparing", "edoxaban", ",", "an", "oral", "factor", "Xa", "inhibitor", ",", "with", "warfarin", "for", "stroke", "prevention", "in", "patients", "with", "atrial", "fibrillation", ".", "The", "primary", "objective", "of", "this", "study", "was", "to", "compare", "the", "safety", "of", "four", "fixed", "-", "dose", "regimens", "of", "edoxaban", "with", "warfarin", "in", "patients", "with", "non", "-", "valvular", "atrial", "fibrillation", "(", "AF", ")", ".", "In", "this", "12-week", ",", "parallel", "-", "group", ",", "multicentre", ",", "multinational", "study", ",", "1,146", "patients", "with", "AF", "and", "risk", "of", "stroke", "were", "randomised", "to", "edoxaban", "30", "mg", "qd", ",", "30", "mg", "bid", ",", "60", "mg", "qd", ",", "or", "60", "mg", "bid", "or", "warfarin", "dose", "-", "adjusted", "to", "a", "target", "international", "normalised", "ratio", "of", "2.0", "-", "3.0", ".", "The", "study", "was", "double", "-", "blind", "to", "edoxaban", "dose", ",", "but", "open", "-", "label", "to", "warfarin", ".", "Primary", "outcomes", "were", "occurrence", "of", "major", "and", "/", "or", "clinically", "relevant", "non", "-", "major", "bleeding", "and", "elevated", "hepatic", "enzymes", "and", "/", "or", "bilirubin", ".", "Mean", "age", "was", "65", "+", "/-", "8.7", "years", "and", "64.4", "%", "were", "warfarin", "-", "naïve", ".", "Whereas", "major", "plus", "clinically", "relevant", "non", "-", "major", "bleeding", "occurred", "in", "3.2", "%", "of", "patients", "randomised", "to", "warfarin", ",", "the", "incidence", "of", "bleeding", "was", "significantly", "higher", "with", "the", "edoxaban", "60", "mg", "bid", "(", "10.6", "%", ";", "p=0.002", ")", "and", "30", "mg", "bid", "regimens", "(", "7.8", "%", ";", "p=0.029", ")", ",", "but", "not", "with", "the", "edoxaban", "60", "mg", "qd", "(", "3.8", "%", ")", "or", "30", "mg", "qd", "regimens", "(", "3.0", "%", ")", ".", "For", "the", "same", "total", "daily", "dose", "of", "60", "mg", ",", "both", "bleeding", "frequency", "and", "trough", "edoxaban", "concentrations", "were", "higher", "in", "the", "30-mg", "bid", "group", "than", "in", "the", "60-mg", "qd", "group", ".", "There", "were", "no", "significant", "differences", "in", "hepatic", "enzyme", "elevations", "or", "bilirubin", "values", "among", "the", "groups", ".", "The", "safety", "profiles", "of", "edoxaban", "30", "and", "60", "mg", "qd", "in", "patients", "with", "AF", "were", "similar", "to", "warfarin", ".", "In", "contrast", ",", "the", "edoxaban", "bid", "regimens", "were", "associated", "with", "more", "bleeding", "than", "warfarin", ".", "These", "results", "suggest", "that", "in", "this", "three", "-", "month", "study", ",", "edoxaban", "30", "or", "60", "mg", "qd", "are", "safe", "and", "well", "-", "tolerated", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]
edoxaban, warfarin, edoxaban with warfarin, or warfarin, warfarin ., major and / or clinically relevant non - major bleeding, elevated hepatic enzymes and / or bilirubin, the incidence of bleeding, both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations, in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values, more bleeding, are safe and well - tolerated	47015_task2	Sentence: Randomised , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational phase 2 study comparing edoxaban , an oral factor Xa inhibitor , with warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation . The primary objective of this study was to compare the safety of four fixed-dose regimens of edoxaban with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation ( AF ) . In this 12-week , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational study , 1,146 patients with AF and risk of stroke were randomised to edoxaban 30 mg qd , 30 mg bid , 60 mg qd , or 60 mg bid or warfarin dose-adjusted to a target international normalised ratio of 2.0-3.0 . The study was double-blind to edoxaban dose , but open-label to warfarin . Primary outcomes were occurrence of major and/or clinically relevant non-major bleeding and elevated hepatic enzymes and/or bilirubin . Mean age was 65 +/- 8.7 years and 64.4 % were warfarin-naïve . Whereas major plus clinically relevant non-major bleeding occurred in 3.2 % of patients randomised to warfarin , the incidence of bleeding was significantly higher with the edoxaban 60 mg bid ( 10.6 % ; p=0.002 ) and 30 mg bid regimens ( 7.8 % ; p=0.029 ) , but not with the edoxaban 60 mg qd ( 3.8 % ) or 30 mg qd regimens ( 3.0 % ) . For the same total daily dose of 60 mg , both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations were higher in the 30-mg bid group than in the 60-mg qd group . There were no significant differences in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values among the groups . The safety profiles of edoxaban 30 and 60 mg qd in patients with AF were similar to warfarin . In contrast , the edoxaban bid regimens were associated with more bleeding than warfarin . These results suggest that in this three-month study , edoxaban 30 or 60 mg qd are safe and well-tolerated . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O" ]	Randomised , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational phase 2 study comparing edoxaban , an oral factor Xa inhibitor , with warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation . The primary objective of this study was to compare the safety of four fixed-dose regimens of edoxaban with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation ( AF ) . In this 12-week , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational study , 1,146 patients with AF and risk of stroke were randomised to edoxaban 30 mg qd , 30 mg bid , 60 mg qd , or 60 mg bid or warfarin dose-adjusted to a target international normalised ratio of 2.0-3.0 . The study was double-blind to edoxaban dose , but open-label to warfarin . Primary outcomes were occurrence of major and/or clinically relevant non-major bleeding and elevated hepatic enzymes and/or bilirubin . Mean age was 65 +/- 8.7 years and 64.4 % were warfarin-naïve . Whereas major plus clinically relevant non-major bleeding occurred in 3.2 % of patients randomised to warfarin , the incidence of bleeding was significantly higher with the edoxaban 60 mg bid ( 10.6 % ; p=0.002 ) and 30 mg bid regimens ( 7.8 % ; p=0.029 ) , but not with the edoxaban 60 mg qd ( 3.8 % ) or 30 mg qd regimens ( 3.0 % ) . For the same total daily dose of 60 mg , both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations were higher in the 30-mg bid group than in the 60-mg qd group . There were no significant differences in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values among the groups . The safety profiles of edoxaban 30 and 60 mg qd in patients with AF were similar to warfarin . In contrast , the edoxaban bid regimens were associated with more bleeding than warfarin . These results suggest that in this three-month study , edoxaban 30 or 60 mg qd are safe and well-tolerated .	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porcine aminoacylase 1 is a GENE-Y	1284246_task0	Sentence: The primary structure of porcine aminoacylase 1 deduced from cDNA sequence. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The primary structure of porcine aminoacylase 1 deduced from cDNA sequence.	[ "The", "primary", "structure", "of", "porcine", "aminoacylase", "1", "deduced", "from", "cDNA", "sequence", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]
porcine aminoacylase 1 is a GENE-Y	1284246_task1	Sentence: The primary structure of porcine aminoacylase 1 deduced from cDNA sequence. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: porcine aminoacylase 1 Options: GENE-Y	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The primary structure of porcine aminoacylase 1 deduced from cDNA sequence.	[ "The", "primary", "structure", "of", "porcine", "aminoacylase", "1", "deduced", "from", "cDNA", "sequence", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]
porcine aminoacylase 1	1284246_task2	Sentence: The primary structure of porcine aminoacylase 1 deduced from cDNA sequence. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The primary structure of porcine aminoacylase 1 deduced from cDNA sequence.	[ "The", "primary", "structure", "of", "porcine", "aminoacylase", "1", "deduced", "from", "cDNA", "sequence", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]
coumarin is a CHEMICAL, 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl - chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl - chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide is a CHEMICAL, seselin is a CHEMICAL, epinephrine is a CHEMICAL, arachidonic acid is a CHEMICAL, ferric chloride is a CHEMICAL, ADP is a CHEMICAL, collagen is a GENE-N, ADP is a CHEMICAL, collagen is a GENE-N	4408_task0	Sentence: Antithrombotic activity of a newly synthesized coumarin derivative 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide. Anti-platelet therapy is a useful strategy to prevent acute thromboembolic artery occlusions. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of seselin derivatives against murine pulmonary thromboembolism, bleeding time, platelet activation and thrombosis. Administration of C3 (16 mg/kg) offered 70% protection against collagen- and epinephrine-induced pulmonary thromboembolism and 30% protection against arachidonic acid-induced death in mice, without adversely affecting bleeding time. No significant difference was observed by C3 in ferric chloride-induced arterial thrombosis in rats. Significant reduction in thrombus weight was observed in arteriovenous shunt model. In rat PRP, C3 reduced ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. In chronic hamster model of dyslipidemia, administration of C3 (16 mg/kg p.o. for 90 days) had no effect on plasma lipids, vasoreactivity and platelet adhesion. C3 fed hamsters showed reduced whole-blood aggregation response to ADP and collagen compared to HC-fed hamsters. In addition, C3 augmented thrombin time; however, time to occlusion was not increased. These results convincingly demonstrated that C3 is a novel molecule that reduces the risk of thrombosis and alleviates prothrombotic state associated with hyperlipidemia without any adverse effect on bleeding time. The high benefit/risk ratio of this compound makes it a suitable candidate for future valid studies. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Antithrombotic activity of a newly synthesized coumarin derivative 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide. Anti-platelet therapy is a useful strategy to prevent acute thromboembolic artery occlusions. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of seselin derivatives against murine pulmonary thromboembolism, bleeding time, platelet activation and thrombosis. Administration of C3 (16 mg/kg) offered 70% protection against collagen- and epinephrine-induced pulmonary thromboembolism and 30% protection against arachidonic acid-induced death in mice, without adversely affecting bleeding time. No significant difference was observed by C3 in ferric chloride-induced arterial thrombosis in rats. Significant reduction in thrombus weight was observed in arteriovenous shunt model. In rat PRP, C3 reduced ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. In chronic hamster model of dyslipidemia, administration of C3 (16 mg/kg p.o. for 90 days) had no effect on plasma lipids, vasoreactivity and platelet adhesion. C3 fed hamsters showed reduced whole-blood aggregation response to ADP and collagen compared to HC-fed hamsters. In addition, C3 augmented thrombin time; however, time to occlusion was not increased. These results convincingly demonstrated that C3 is a novel molecule that reduces the risk of thrombosis and alleviates prothrombotic state associated with hyperlipidemia without any adverse effect on bleeding time. The high benefit/risk ratio of this compound makes it a suitable candidate for future valid studies.	[ "Antithrombotic", "activity", "of", "a", "newly", "synthesized", "coumarin", "derivative", "3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl", "-", "chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl", "-", "chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide", ".", "\n", "Anti", "-", "platelet", "therapy", "is", "a", "useful", "strategy", "to", "prevent", "acute", "thromboembolic", "artery", "occlusions", ".", "This", "study", "was", "designed", "to", "assess", "the", "efficacy", "of", "seselin", "derivatives", "against", "murine", "pulmonary", "thromboembolism", ",", "bleeding", "time", ",", "platelet", "activation", "and", "thrombosis", ".", "Administration", "of", "C3", "(", "16", "mg", "/", "kg", ")", "offered", "70", "%", "protection", "against", "collagen-", "and", "epinephrine", "-", "induced", "pulmonary", "thromboembolism", "and", "30", "%", "protection", "against", "arachidonic", "acid", "-", "induced", "death", "in", "mice", ",", "without", "adversely", "affecting", "bleeding", "time", ".", "No", "significant", "difference", "was", "observed", "by", "C3", "in", "ferric", "chloride", "-", "induced", "arterial", "thrombosis", "in", "rats", ".", "Significant", "reduction", "in", "thrombus", "weight", "was", "observed", "in", "arteriovenous", "shunt", "model", ".", "In", "rat", "PRP", ",", "C3", "reduced", "ADP", "and", "collagen", "-", "induced", "platelet", "aggregation", ".", "In", "chronic", "hamster", "model", "of", "dyslipidemia", ",", "administration", "of", "C3", "(", "16", "mg", "/", "kg", "p.o", ".", "for", "90", "days", ")", "had", "no", "effect", "on", "plasma", "lipids", ",", "vasoreactivity", "and", "platelet", "adhesion", ".", "C3", "fed", "hamsters", "showed", "reduced", "whole", "-", "blood", "aggregation", "response", "to", "ADP", "and", "collagen", "compared", "to", "HC", "-", "fed", "hamsters", ".", "In", "addition", ",", "C3", "augmented", "thrombin", "time", ";", "however", ",", "time", "to", "occlusion", "was", "not", "increased", ".", "These", "results", "convincingly", "demonstrated", "that", "C3", "is", "a", "novel", "molecule", "that", "reduces", "the", "risk", "of", "thrombosis", "and", "alleviates", "prothrombotic", "state", "associated", "with", "hyperlipidemia", "without", "any", "adverse", "effect", "on", "bleeding", "time", ".", "The", "high", "benefit", "/", "risk", "ratio", "of", "this", "compound", "makes", "it", "a", "suitable", "candidate", "for", "future", "valid", "studies", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]
coumarin is a CHEMICAL, 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl - chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl - chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide is a CHEMICAL, seselin is a CHEMICAL, epinephrine is a CHEMICAL, arachidonic acid is a CHEMICAL, ferric chloride is a CHEMICAL, ADP is a CHEMICAL, collagen is a GENE-N, ADP is a CHEMICAL, collagen is a GENE-N	4408_task1	Sentence: Antithrombotic activity of a newly synthesized coumarin derivative 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide. Anti-platelet therapy is a useful strategy to prevent acute thromboembolic artery occlusions. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of seselin derivatives against murine pulmonary thromboembolism, bleeding time, platelet activation and thrombosis. Administration of C3 (16 mg/kg) offered 70% protection against collagen- and epinephrine-induced pulmonary thromboembolism and 30% protection against arachidonic acid-induced death in mice, without adversely affecting bleeding time. No significant difference was observed by C3 in ferric chloride-induced arterial thrombosis in rats. Significant reduction in thrombus weight was observed in arteriovenous shunt model. In rat PRP, C3 reduced ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. In chronic hamster model of dyslipidemia, administration of C3 (16 mg/kg p.o. for 90 days) had no effect on plasma lipids, vasoreactivity and platelet adhesion. C3 fed hamsters showed reduced whole-blood aggregation response to ADP and collagen compared to HC-fed hamsters. In addition, C3 augmented thrombin time; however, time to occlusion was not increased. These results convincingly demonstrated that C3 is a novel molecule that reduces the risk of thrombosis and alleviates prothrombotic state associated with hyperlipidemia without any adverse effect on bleeding time. The high benefit/risk ratio of this compound makes it a suitable candidate for future valid studies. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: coumarin, 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl - chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl - chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide, seselin, epinephrine, arachidonic acid, ferric chloride, ADP, collagen, ADP, collagen Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Antithrombotic activity of a newly synthesized coumarin derivative 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide. Anti-platelet therapy is a useful strategy to prevent acute thromboembolic artery occlusions. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of seselin derivatives against murine pulmonary thromboembolism, bleeding time, platelet activation and thrombosis. Administration of C3 (16 mg/kg) offered 70% protection against collagen- and epinephrine-induced pulmonary thromboembolism and 30% protection against arachidonic acid-induced death in mice, without adversely affecting bleeding time. No significant difference was observed by C3 in ferric chloride-induced arterial thrombosis in rats. Significant reduction in thrombus weight was observed in arteriovenous shunt model. In rat PRP, C3 reduced ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. In chronic hamster model of dyslipidemia, administration of C3 (16 mg/kg p.o. for 90 days) had no effect on plasma lipids, vasoreactivity and platelet adhesion. C3 fed hamsters showed reduced whole-blood aggregation response to ADP and collagen compared to HC-fed hamsters. In addition, C3 augmented thrombin time; however, time to occlusion was not increased. These results convincingly demonstrated that C3 is a novel molecule that reduces the risk of thrombosis and alleviates prothrombotic state associated with hyperlipidemia without any adverse effect on bleeding time. The high benefit/risk ratio of this compound makes it a suitable candidate for future valid studies.	[ "Antithrombotic", "activity", "of", "a", "newly", "synthesized", "coumarin", "derivative", "3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl", "-", "chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl", "-", "chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide", ".", "\n", "Anti", "-", "platelet", "therapy", "is", "a", "useful", "strategy", "to", "prevent", "acute", "thromboembolic", "artery", "occlusions", ".", "This", "study", "was", "designed", "to", "assess", "the", "efficacy", "of", "seselin", "derivatives", "against", "murine", "pulmonary", "thromboembolism", ",", "bleeding", "time", ",", "platelet", "activation", "and", "thrombosis", ".", "Administration", "of", "C3", "(", "16", "mg", "/", "kg", ")", "offered", "70", "%", "protection", "against", "collagen-", "and", "epinephrine", "-", "induced", "pulmonary", "thromboembolism", "and", "30", "%", "protection", "against", "arachidonic", "acid", "-", "induced", "death", "in", "mice", ",", "without", "adversely", "affecting", "bleeding", "time", ".", "No", "significant", "difference", "was", "observed", "by", "C3", "in", "ferric", "chloride", "-", "induced", "arterial", "thrombosis", "in", "rats", ".", "Significant", "reduction", "in", "thrombus", "weight", "was", "observed", "in", "arteriovenous", "shunt", "model", ".", "In", "rat", "PRP", ",", "C3", "reduced", "ADP", "and", "collagen", "-", "induced", "platelet", "aggregation", ".", "In", "chronic", "hamster", "model", "of", "dyslipidemia", ",", "administration", "of", "C3", "(", "16", "mg", "/", "kg", "p.o", ".", "for", "90", "days", ")", "had", "no", "effect", "on", "plasma", "lipids", ",", "vasoreactivity", "and", "platelet", "adhesion", ".", "C3", "fed", "hamsters", "showed", "reduced", "whole", "-", "blood", "aggregation", "response", "to", "ADP", "and", "collagen", "compared", "to", "HC", "-", "fed", "hamsters", ".", "In", "addition", ",", "C3", "augmented", "thrombin", "time", ";", "however", ",", "time", "to", "occlusion", "was", "not", "increased", ".", "These", "results", "convincingly", "demonstrated", "that", "C3", "is", "a", "novel", "molecule", "that", "reduces", "the", "risk", "of", "thrombosis", "and", "alleviates", "prothrombotic", "state", "associated", "with", "hyperlipidemia", "without", "any", "adverse", "effect", "on", "bleeding", "time", ".", "The", "high", "benefit", "/", "risk", "ratio", "of", "this", "compound", "makes", "it", "a", "suitable", "candidate", "for", "future", "valid", "studies", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]
coumarin, 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl - chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl - chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide, seselin, epinephrine, arachidonic acid, ferric chloride, ADP, collagen, ADP, collagen	4408_task2	Sentence: Antithrombotic activity of a newly synthesized coumarin derivative 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide. Anti-platelet therapy is a useful strategy to prevent acute thromboembolic artery occlusions. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of seselin derivatives against murine pulmonary thromboembolism, bleeding time, platelet activation and thrombosis. Administration of C3 (16 mg/kg) offered 70% protection against collagen- and epinephrine-induced pulmonary thromboembolism and 30% protection against arachidonic acid-induced death in mice, without adversely affecting bleeding time. No significant difference was observed by C3 in ferric chloride-induced arterial thrombosis in rats. Significant reduction in thrombus weight was observed in arteriovenous shunt model. In rat PRP, C3 reduced ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. In chronic hamster model of dyslipidemia, administration of C3 (16 mg/kg p.o. for 90 days) had no effect on plasma lipids, vasoreactivity and platelet adhesion. C3 fed hamsters showed reduced whole-blood aggregation response to ADP and collagen compared to HC-fed hamsters. In addition, C3 augmented thrombin time; however, time to occlusion was not increased. These results convincingly demonstrated that C3 is a novel molecule that reduces the risk of thrombosis and alleviates prothrombotic state associated with hyperlipidemia without any adverse effect on bleeding time. The high benefit/risk ratio of this compound makes it a suitable candidate for future valid studies. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Antithrombotic activity of a newly synthesized coumarin derivative 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide. Anti-platelet therapy is a useful strategy to prevent acute thromboembolic artery occlusions. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of seselin derivatives against murine pulmonary thromboembolism, bleeding time, platelet activation and thrombosis. Administration of C3 (16 mg/kg) offered 70% protection against collagen- and epinephrine-induced pulmonary thromboembolism and 30% protection against arachidonic acid-induced death in mice, without adversely affecting bleeding time. No significant difference was observed by C3 in ferric chloride-induced arterial thrombosis in rats. Significant reduction in thrombus weight was observed in arteriovenous shunt model. In rat PRP, C3 reduced ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. In chronic hamster model of dyslipidemia, administration of C3 (16 mg/kg p.o. for 90 days) had no effect on plasma lipids, vasoreactivity and platelet adhesion. C3 fed hamsters showed reduced whole-blood aggregation response to ADP and collagen compared to HC-fed hamsters. In addition, C3 augmented thrombin time; however, time to occlusion was not increased. These results convincingly demonstrated that C3 is a novel molecule that reduces the risk of thrombosis and alleviates prothrombotic state associated with hyperlipidemia without any adverse effect on bleeding time. The high benefit/risk ratio of this compound makes it a suitable candidate for future valid studies.	[ "Antithrombotic", "activity", "of", "a", "newly", "synthesized", "coumarin", "derivative", "3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl", "-", "chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl", "-", "chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide", ".", "\n", "Anti", "-", "platelet", "therapy", "is", "a", "useful", "strategy", "to", "prevent", "acute", "thromboembolic", "artery", "occlusions", ".", "This", "study", "was", "designed", "to", "assess", "the", "efficacy", "of", "seselin", "derivatives", "against", "murine", "pulmonary", "thromboembolism", ",", "bleeding", "time", ",", "platelet", "activation", "and", "thrombosis", ".", "Administration", "of", "C3", "(", "16", "mg", "/", "kg", ")", "offered", "70", "%", "protection", "against", "collagen-", "and", "epinephrine", "-", "induced", "pulmonary", "thromboembolism", "and", "30", "%", "protection", "against", "arachidonic", "acid", "-", "induced", "death", "in", "mice", ",", "without", "adversely", "affecting", "bleeding", "time", ".", "No", "significant", "difference", "was", "observed", "by", "C3", "in", "ferric", "chloride", "-", "induced", "arterial", "thrombosis", "in", "rats", ".", "Significant", "reduction", "in", "thrombus", "weight", "was", "observed", "in", "arteriovenous", "shunt", "model", ".", "In", "rat", "PRP", ",", "C3", "reduced", "ADP", "and", "collagen", "-", "induced", "platelet", "aggregation", ".", "In", "chronic", "hamster", "model", "of", "dyslipidemia", ",", "administration", "of", "C3", "(", "16", "mg", "/", "kg", "p.o", ".", "for", "90", "days", ")", "had", "no", "effect", "on", "plasma", "lipids", ",", "vasoreactivity", "and", "platelet", "adhesion", ".", "C3", "fed", "hamsters", "showed", "reduced", "whole", "-", "blood", "aggregation", "response", "to", "ADP", "and", "collagen", "compared", "to", "HC", "-", "fed", "hamsters", ".", "In", "addition", ",", "C3", "augmented", "thrombin", "time", ";", "however", ",", "time", "to", "occlusion", "was", "not", "increased", ".", "These", "results", "convincingly", "demonstrated", "that", "C3", "is", "a", "novel", "molecule", "that", "reduces", "the", "risk", "of", "thrombosis", "and", "alleviates", "prothrombotic", "state", "associated", "with", "hyperlipidemia", "without", "any", "adverse", "effect", "on", "bleeding", "time", ".", "The", "high", "benefit", "/", "risk", "ratio", "of", "this", "compound", "makes", "it", "a", "suitable", "candidate", "for", "future", "valid", "studies", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]
aim is an umlsterm, assessment is an umlsterm, systolic is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, aortic valve is an umlsterm, aortic valve stenosis is an umlsterm, regression is an umlsterm, LV hypertrophy is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, systolic is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, aortic valve stenosis is an umlsterm, female is an umlsterm, male is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, aortic regurgitation is an umlsterm, All is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, transthoracic echocardiography is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, indices is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, aortic valve is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, posterior is an umlsterm, index is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, aortic valve is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, systolic is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, regression is an umlsterm, muscle is an umlsterm	ZfuerKardiologie.90880283.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: The aim of the study was the assessment of left ventricular ( LV ) systolic function and left ventricular mass following aortic valve replacement ( AVR ) due to aortic valve stenosis as well as the influence of regression of LV hypertrophy in patients with normal and impaired LV systolic function prior to surgery . 74 patients with severe aortic valve stenosis ( 29 female , 45 male , mean age 66 +/- 18 years ) were divided into 2 groups according to LV ejection fraction ( EF ) : Group 1 with EF > 50% ( n = 40 ) ; Group 2 with EF = 50% ( n = 34 ) . Furthermore , patients were differentiated into a group A without ( n = 53 ) and a group B with aortic regurgitation ( = II ° , n = 21 ) . All patients were examined by transthoracic echocardiography before and 1 month after surgery . There was a significant decrease of LV enddiastolic and endsystolic valume indices following AVR in group 2 and group B. Patients with preoperatively lower EF ( group 2 ) showed an increase in LV ejection fraction from 39 +/- 10% before AVR to 47 +/- 11% after AVR ( p 0.001 ) , whereas patients with preoperative normal EF ( group 1 ) showed a significant decrease in EF ( from 62 +/- 8% to 57 +/- 10% , p 0.05 ) . Also patients with combined aortic valve disease before AVR had an increase of EF after surgery ( from 45 %plusmn; 14% to 56 +/- 14% , p 0.03 ) . There were significant decreases of interventricular septum thickness and LV posterior wall thickness in group 1 and group A , whereas a significant decrease of LV anddiastolic diameter index was noted only in group B. Improvement of the NYHA functional class could be demonstrated in group 2 from 2.8 +/- 0.7 before to 2.2 +/- 0.6 after AVR , as well as in group B from 2.9 +/- 0.7 before to 1.9 +/- 0.7 after surgery . In conclusion , patients with impaired LV function or combined aortic valve disease showed a significant improvement of left ventricular systolic function after AVR , while patients with normal LV function presented a slight decrease of EF . There was a significant regression of left ventricular muscle mass in all groups independent of the left ventricular functional status . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The aim of the study was the assessment of left ventricular ( LV ) systolic function and left ventricular mass following aortic valve replacement ( AVR ) due to aortic valve stenosis as well as the influence of regression of LV hypertrophy in patients with normal and impaired LV systolic function prior to surgery . 74 patients with severe aortic valve stenosis ( 29 female , 45 male , mean age 66 +/- 18 years ) were divided into 2 groups according to LV ejection fraction ( EF ) : Group 1 with EF > 50% ( n = 40 ) ; Group 2 with EF = 50% ( n = 34 ) . Furthermore , patients were differentiated into a group A without ( n = 53 ) and a group B with aortic regurgitation ( = II ° , n = 21 ) . All patients were examined by transthoracic echocardiography before and 1 month after surgery . There was a significant decrease of LV enddiastolic and endsystolic valume indices following AVR in group 2 and group B. Patients with preoperatively lower EF ( group 2 ) showed an increase in LV ejection fraction from 39 +/- 10% before AVR to 47 +/- 11% after AVR ( p 0.001 ) , whereas patients with preoperative normal EF ( group 1 ) showed a significant decrease in EF ( from 62 +/- 8% to 57 +/- 10% , p 0.05 ) . Also patients with combined aortic valve disease before AVR had an increase of EF after surgery ( from 45 %plusmn; 14% to 56 +/- 14% , p 0.03 ) . There were significant decreases of interventricular septum thickness and LV posterior wall thickness in group 1 and group A , whereas a significant decrease of LV anddiastolic diameter index was noted only in group B. Improvement of the NYHA functional class could be demonstrated in group 2 from 2.8 +/- 0.7 before to 2.2 +/- 0.6 after AVR , as well as in group B from 2.9 +/- 0.7 before to 1.9 +/- 0.7 after surgery . In conclusion , patients with impaired LV function or combined aortic valve disease showed a significant improvement of left ventricular systolic function after AVR , while patients with normal LV function presented a slight decrease of EF . There was a significant regression of left ventricular muscle mass in all groups independent of the left ventricular functional status .	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aim is an umlsterm, assessment is an umlsterm, systolic is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, aortic valve is an umlsterm, aortic valve stenosis is an umlsterm, regression is an umlsterm, LV hypertrophy is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, systolic is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, aortic valve stenosis is an umlsterm, female is an umlsterm, male is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, aortic regurgitation is an umlsterm, All is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, transthoracic echocardiography is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, indices is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, aortic valve is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, posterior is an umlsterm, index is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, aortic valve is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, systolic is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, regression is an umlsterm, muscle is an umlsterm	ZfuerKardiologie.90880283.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: The aim of the study was the assessment of left ventricular ( LV ) systolic function and left ventricular mass following aortic valve replacement ( AVR ) due to aortic valve stenosis as well as the influence of regression of LV hypertrophy in patients with normal and impaired LV systolic function prior to surgery . 74 patients with severe aortic valve stenosis ( 29 female , 45 male , mean age 66 +/- 18 years ) were divided into 2 groups according to LV ejection fraction ( EF ) : Group 1 with EF > 50% ( n = 40 ) ; Group 2 with EF = 50% ( n = 34 ) . Furthermore , patients were differentiated into a group A without ( n = 53 ) and a group B with aortic regurgitation ( = II ° , n = 21 ) . All patients were examined by transthoracic echocardiography before and 1 month after surgery . There was a significant decrease of LV enddiastolic and endsystolic valume indices following AVR in group 2 and group B. Patients with preoperatively lower EF ( group 2 ) showed an increase in LV ejection fraction from 39 +/- 10% before AVR to 47 +/- 11% after AVR ( p 0.001 ) , whereas patients with preoperative normal EF ( group 1 ) showed a significant decrease in EF ( from 62 +/- 8% to 57 +/- 10% , p 0.05 ) . Also patients with combined aortic valve disease before AVR had an increase of EF after surgery ( from 45 %plusmn; 14% to 56 +/- 14% , p 0.03 ) . There were significant decreases of interventricular septum thickness and LV posterior wall thickness in group 1 and group A , whereas a significant decrease of LV anddiastolic diameter index was noted only in group B. Improvement of the NYHA functional class could be demonstrated in group 2 from 2.8 +/- 0.7 before to 2.2 +/- 0.6 after AVR , as well as in group B from 2.9 +/- 0.7 before to 1.9 +/- 0.7 after surgery . In conclusion , patients with impaired LV function or combined aortic valve disease showed a significant improvement of left ventricular systolic function after AVR , while patients with normal LV function presented a slight decrease of EF . There was a significant regression of left ventricular muscle mass in all groups independent of the left ventricular functional status . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: aim, assessment, systolic, function, aortic valve, aortic valve stenosis, regression, LV hypertrophy, patients, systolic, function, surgery, patients, aortic valve stenosis, female, male, age, patients, aortic regurgitation, All, patients, transthoracic echocardiography, surgery, indices, Patients, patients, patients, aortic valve, disease, surgery, posterior, index, surgery, patients, function, aortic valve, disease, systolic, function, patients, function, regression, muscle Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The aim of the study was the assessment of left ventricular ( LV ) systolic function and left ventricular mass following aortic valve replacement ( AVR ) due to aortic valve stenosis as well as the influence of regression of LV hypertrophy in patients with normal and impaired LV systolic function prior to surgery . 74 patients with severe aortic valve stenosis ( 29 female , 45 male , mean age 66 +/- 18 years ) were divided into 2 groups according to LV ejection fraction ( EF ) : Group 1 with EF > 50% ( n = 40 ) ; Group 2 with EF = 50% ( n = 34 ) . Furthermore , patients were differentiated into a group A without ( n = 53 ) and a group B with aortic regurgitation ( = II ° , n = 21 ) . All patients were examined by transthoracic echocardiography before and 1 month after surgery . There was a significant decrease of LV enddiastolic and endsystolic valume indices following AVR in group 2 and group B. Patients with preoperatively lower EF ( group 2 ) showed an increase in LV ejection fraction from 39 +/- 10% before AVR to 47 +/- 11% after AVR ( p 0.001 ) , whereas patients with preoperative normal EF ( group 1 ) showed a significant decrease in EF ( from 62 +/- 8% to 57 +/- 10% , p 0.05 ) . Also patients with combined aortic valve disease before AVR had an increase of EF after surgery ( from 45 %plusmn; 14% to 56 +/- 14% , p 0.03 ) . There were significant decreases of interventricular septum thickness and LV posterior wall thickness in group 1 and group A , whereas a significant decrease of LV anddiastolic diameter index was noted only in group B. Improvement of the NYHA functional class could be demonstrated in group 2 from 2.8 +/- 0.7 before to 2.2 +/- 0.6 after AVR , as well as in group B from 2.9 +/- 0.7 before to 1.9 +/- 0.7 after surgery . In conclusion , patients with impaired LV function or combined aortic valve disease showed a significant improvement of left ventricular systolic function after AVR , while patients with normal LV function presented a slight decrease of EF . There was a significant regression of left ventricular muscle mass in all groups independent of the left ventricular functional status .	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aim, assessment, systolic, function, aortic valve, aortic valve stenosis, regression, LV hypertrophy, patients, systolic, function, surgery, patients, aortic valve stenosis, female, male, age, patients, aortic regurgitation, All, patients, transthoracic echocardiography, surgery, indices, Patients, patients, patients, aortic valve, disease, surgery, posterior, index, surgery, patients, function, aortic valve, disease, systolic, function, patients, function, regression, muscle	ZfuerKardiologie.90880283.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: The aim of the study was the assessment of left ventricular ( LV ) systolic function and left ventricular mass following aortic valve replacement ( AVR ) due to aortic valve stenosis as well as the influence of regression of LV hypertrophy in patients with normal and impaired LV systolic function prior to surgery . 74 patients with severe aortic valve stenosis ( 29 female , 45 male , mean age 66 +/- 18 years ) were divided into 2 groups according to LV ejection fraction ( EF ) : Group 1 with EF > 50% ( n = 40 ) ; Group 2 with EF = 50% ( n = 34 ) . Furthermore , patients were differentiated into a group A without ( n = 53 ) and a group B with aortic regurgitation ( = II ° , n = 21 ) . All patients were examined by transthoracic echocardiography before and 1 month after surgery . There was a significant decrease of LV enddiastolic and endsystolic valume indices following AVR in group 2 and group B. Patients with preoperatively lower EF ( group 2 ) showed an increase in LV ejection fraction from 39 +/- 10% before AVR to 47 +/- 11% after AVR ( p 0.001 ) , whereas patients with preoperative normal EF ( group 1 ) showed a significant decrease in EF ( from 62 +/- 8% to 57 +/- 10% , p 0.05 ) . Also patients with combined aortic valve disease before AVR had an increase of EF after surgery ( from 45 %plusmn; 14% to 56 +/- 14% , p 0.03 ) . There were significant decreases of interventricular septum thickness and LV posterior wall thickness in group 1 and group A , whereas a significant decrease of LV anddiastolic diameter index was noted only in group B. Improvement of the NYHA functional class could be demonstrated in group 2 from 2.8 +/- 0.7 before to 2.2 +/- 0.6 after AVR , as well as in group B from 2.9 +/- 0.7 before to 1.9 +/- 0.7 after surgery . In conclusion , patients with impaired LV function or combined aortic valve disease showed a significant improvement of left ventricular systolic function after AVR , while patients with normal LV function presented a slight decrease of EF . There was a significant regression of left ventricular muscle mass in all groups independent of the left ventricular functional status . 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Furthermore , patients were differentiated into a group A without ( n = 53 ) and a group B with aortic regurgitation ( = II ° , n = 21 ) . All patients were examined by transthoracic echocardiography before and 1 month after surgery . There was a significant decrease of LV enddiastolic and endsystolic valume indices following AVR in group 2 and group B. Patients with preoperatively lower EF ( group 2 ) showed an increase in LV ejection fraction from 39 +/- 10% before AVR to 47 +/- 11% after AVR ( p 0.001 ) , whereas patients with preoperative normal EF ( group 1 ) showed a significant decrease in EF ( from 62 +/- 8% to 57 +/- 10% , p 0.05 ) . Also patients with combined aortic valve disease before AVR had an increase of EF after surgery ( from 45 %plusmn; 14% to 56 +/- 14% , p 0.03 ) . There were significant decreases of interventricular septum thickness and LV posterior wall thickness in group 1 and group A , whereas a significant decrease of LV anddiastolic diameter index was noted only in group B. Improvement of the NYHA functional class could be demonstrated in group 2 from 2.8 +/- 0.7 before to 2.2 +/- 0.6 after AVR , as well as in group B from 2.9 +/- 0.7 before to 1.9 +/- 0.7 after surgery . In conclusion , patients with impaired LV function or combined aortic valve disease showed a significant improvement of left ventricular systolic function after AVR , while patients with normal LV function presented a slight decrease of EF . There was a significant regression of left ventricular muscle mass in all groups independent of the left ventricular functional status .	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Methods is an umlsterm, occupational exposure is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, gases is an umlsterm, hospitals is an umlsterm, multi - gas is an umlsterm, monitor is an umlsterm, concentrations is an umlsterm, nitrous oxide is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, anaesthetist 's is an umlsterm, breathing is an umlsterm, Measurements is an umlsterm, general anaesthetic is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, concentrations is an umlsterm, efficiency is an umlsterm, equipment is an umlsterm, Instruments is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, gas is an umlsterm, older is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, concentrations is an umlsterm, nitrous oxide is an umlsterm, anaesthetics is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, adult is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, measurements is an umlsterm, gas is an umlsterm, discharge is an umlsterm, air is an umlsterm, gas is an umlsterm, operating theatres is an umlsterm, ventilation is an umlsterm, air is an umlsterm, concentrations is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, gases is an umlsterm, inhalation is an umlsterm, use is an umlsterm, tracheal intubation is an umlsterm, laryngeal mask airway is an umlsterm, standard is an umlsterm, face is an umlsterm, masks is an umlsterm, semi - open is an umlsterm, delivery is an umlsterm, inhalation anaesthetics is an umlsterm, standard is an umlsterm, masks is an umlsterm, anaesthetist 's is an umlsterm, technique is an umlsterm, concentrations is an umlsterm, work is an umlsterm, face is an umlsterm, mask is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, gas is an umlsterm, operating room is an umlsterm, personnel is an umlsterm, ventilation is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, gases is an umlsterm, children is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, older is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, measurements is an umlsterm, Switzerland is an umlsterm, nitrous oxide is an umlsterm, halothane is an umlsterm, enflurane is an umlsterm, isoflurane is an umlsterm, Causes is an umlsterm, gas is an umlsterm, devices is an umlsterm, mask is an umlsterm, inhalation is an umlsterm, mask is an umlsterm, occupational exposure is an umlsterm, work is an umlsterm, ventilation is an umlsterm, air is an umlsterm, operating rooms is an umlsterm, concentrations is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, gases is an umlsterm, mask is an umlsterm, inhalation is an umlsterm, measures is an umlsterm, standard is an umlsterm, mask is an umlsterm, endotracheal intubation is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.50440154.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Methods . To assess the occupational exposure of the anaesthetist to anaesthetic gases , a total of 1 German and 25 Swiss hospitals were investigated . A Brueel & Kjær Type 1302 multi-gas monitor was used to measure concentrations of nitrous oxide and halogenated anaesthetic agents in the anaesthetist's breathing zone . Measurements were performed during 114 general anaesthetic , 55 of which were in patients under 11 years of age . In these 55 patients , the influence of various factors on the exposure ( time-weighted average concentrations ) was estimated by comparing different data groups . The efficiency of the applied scavenging equipment was examined by surveying the exhalation valve with a leak detector ( type TIF 5600 , TIF Instruments , Miami ) . Results . Sessions with patients under 11 years of age revealed much higher anaesthetic gas exposures compared to older patients . The concentrations of nitrous oxide were on average threefold ( Fig . 1 ) , those of the halogenated anaesthetics fivefold higher ( Fig . 2 ) for the younger patients . In 11- to 16-year-old patients the exposure level was the same as in adult patients . The measurements showed a reduction of 85% in exposure if an efficient scavenging system ( i.e. , no waste gas discharge to room air through the exhalation valve ) or lower fresh gas flow were used ( Fig . 4 ) ; 42% of the inspected scavengers were inefficient , and reduced the exposure on average by only 30% . In operating theatres with a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h , the measured concentrations of anaesthetic gases in the inhalation zone of the anaesthetists were reduced more than 50% compared to poorly ventilated rooms ( Figs . 4 and 5 ) . The use of tracheal intubation or laryngeal mask airway ( LMA ) anaesthesia resulted in a reduction of 80% in exposure compared to standard face masks if efficient scavenging was used . The exposures during sessions with inefficiently scavenged Bain coaxial systems or unscavenged semi-open delivery systems of the Jackson-Rees type were tenfold higher than with scavenged rebreathing circuit systems ( Fig . 6 ) . During anaesthesia with IV or double-mask induction , the average levels of inhalation anaesthetics were reduced by about 80% compared to inhalational induction with standard masks ( Fig . 7 ) . The anaesthetist's working technique is a very important factor that strongly influences the concentrations . Poor work practices , like lifting off the face mask with anaesthetic gas flow turned on , increased the exposure of the anaesthetist and other operating room personnel drastically , even if the other conditions ( scavenger and room ventilation ) were good . Discussion . The exposure levels of anaesthetic gases are generally higher during anaesthesia in children up to 10 years of age than in older patients . Nevertheless , the measurements showed that exposure during paediatric anaesthesia can be kept below the recommended limit ( 8-h TWA in Switzerland ) of 100 ppm nitrous oxide and 5 ppm halothane or 10 ppm enflurane or isoflurane . Causes of high exposures were particularly high fresh gas flows often applied without scavenging or together with inefficient scavenging devices and the high part of mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction with a loosely held mask . To achieve an effective reduction of occupational exposure , well-adjusted and maintained scavenging systems and low-leakage work practices are of primary importance . As leakage can never be completely avoided , a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h should be maintained in operating rooms and rooms where anaesthesia is induced to keep down concentrations of waste anaesthetic gases . High exposure during mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction can be prevented by further measures . Using a LMA instead of a standard mask reduces the exposure to the same level as endotracheal intubation . 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To assess the occupational exposure of the anaesthetist to anaesthetic gases , a total of 1 German and 25 Swiss hospitals were investigated . A Brueel & Kjær Type 1302 multi-gas monitor was used to measure concentrations of nitrous oxide and halogenated anaesthetic agents in the anaesthetist's breathing zone . Measurements were performed during 114 general anaesthetic , 55 of which were in patients under 11 years of age . In these 55 patients , the influence of various factors on the exposure ( time-weighted average concentrations ) was estimated by comparing different data groups . The efficiency of the applied scavenging equipment was examined by surveying the exhalation valve with a leak detector ( type TIF 5600 , TIF Instruments , Miami ) . Results . Sessions with patients under 11 years of age revealed much higher anaesthetic gas exposures compared to older patients . The concentrations of nitrous oxide were on average threefold ( Fig . 1 ) , those of the halogenated anaesthetics fivefold higher ( Fig . 2 ) for the younger patients . In 11- to 16-year-old patients the exposure level was the same as in adult patients . The measurements showed a reduction of 85% in exposure if an efficient scavenging system ( i.e. , no waste gas discharge to room air through the exhalation valve ) or lower fresh gas flow were used ( Fig . 4 ) ; 42% of the inspected scavengers were inefficient , and reduced the exposure on average by only 30% . In operating theatres with a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h , the measured concentrations of anaesthetic gases in the inhalation zone of the anaesthetists were reduced more than 50% compared to poorly ventilated rooms ( Figs . 4 and 5 ) . The use of tracheal intubation or laryngeal mask airway ( LMA ) anaesthesia resulted in a reduction of 80% in exposure compared to standard face masks if efficient scavenging was used . The exposures during sessions with inefficiently scavenged Bain coaxial systems or unscavenged semi-open delivery systems of the Jackson-Rees type were tenfold higher than with scavenged rebreathing circuit systems ( Fig . 6 ) . During anaesthesia with IV or double-mask induction , the average levels of inhalation anaesthetics were reduced by about 80% compared to inhalational induction with standard masks ( Fig . 7 ) . The anaesthetist's working technique is a very important factor that strongly influences the concentrations . Poor work practices , like lifting off the face mask with anaesthetic gas flow turned on , increased the exposure of the anaesthetist and other operating room personnel drastically , even if the other conditions ( scavenger and room ventilation ) were good . Discussion . The exposure levels of anaesthetic gases are generally higher during anaesthesia in children up to 10 years of age than in older patients . Nevertheless , the measurements showed that exposure during paediatric anaesthesia can be kept below the recommended limit ( 8-h TWA in Switzerland ) of 100 ppm nitrous oxide and 5 ppm halothane or 10 ppm enflurane or isoflurane . Causes of high exposures were particularly high fresh gas flows often applied without scavenging or together with inefficient scavenging devices and the high part of mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction with a loosely held mask . To achieve an effective reduction of occupational exposure , well-adjusted and maintained scavenging systems and low-leakage work practices are of primary importance . As leakage can never be completely avoided , a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h should be maintained in operating rooms and rooms where anaesthesia is induced to keep down concentrations of waste anaesthetic gases . High exposure during mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction can be prevented by further measures . Using a LMA instead of a standard mask reduces the exposure to the same level as endotracheal intubation .	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Methods is an umlsterm, occupational exposure is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, gases is an umlsterm, hospitals is an umlsterm, multi - gas is an umlsterm, monitor is an umlsterm, concentrations is an umlsterm, nitrous oxide is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, anaesthetist 's is an umlsterm, breathing is an umlsterm, Measurements is an umlsterm, general anaesthetic is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, concentrations is an umlsterm, efficiency is an umlsterm, equipment is an umlsterm, Instruments is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, gas is an umlsterm, older is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, concentrations is an umlsterm, nitrous oxide is an umlsterm, anaesthetics is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, adult is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, measurements is an umlsterm, gas is an umlsterm, discharge is an umlsterm, air is an umlsterm, gas is an umlsterm, operating theatres is an umlsterm, ventilation is an umlsterm, air is an umlsterm, concentrations is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, gases is an umlsterm, inhalation is an umlsterm, use is an umlsterm, tracheal intubation is an umlsterm, laryngeal mask airway is an umlsterm, standard is an umlsterm, face is an umlsterm, masks is an umlsterm, semi - open is an umlsterm, delivery is an umlsterm, inhalation anaesthetics is an umlsterm, standard is an umlsterm, masks is an umlsterm, anaesthetist 's is an umlsterm, technique is an umlsterm, concentrations is an umlsterm, work is an umlsterm, face is an umlsterm, mask is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, gas is an umlsterm, operating room is an umlsterm, personnel is an umlsterm, ventilation is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, gases is an umlsterm, children is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, older is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, measurements is an umlsterm, Switzerland is an umlsterm, nitrous oxide is an umlsterm, halothane is an umlsterm, enflurane is an umlsterm, isoflurane is an umlsterm, Causes is an umlsterm, gas is an umlsterm, devices is an umlsterm, mask is an umlsterm, inhalation is an umlsterm, mask is an umlsterm, occupational exposure is an umlsterm, work is an umlsterm, ventilation is an umlsterm, air is an umlsterm, operating rooms is an umlsterm, concentrations is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, gases is an umlsterm, mask is an umlsterm, inhalation is an umlsterm, measures is an umlsterm, standard is an umlsterm, mask is an umlsterm, endotracheal intubation is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.50440154.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Methods . To assess the occupational exposure of the anaesthetist to anaesthetic gases , a total of 1 German and 25 Swiss hospitals were investigated . A Brueel & Kjær Type 1302 multi-gas monitor was used to measure concentrations of nitrous oxide and halogenated anaesthetic agents in the anaesthetist's breathing zone . Measurements were performed during 114 general anaesthetic , 55 of which were in patients under 11 years of age . In these 55 patients , the influence of various factors on the exposure ( time-weighted average concentrations ) was estimated by comparing different data groups . The efficiency of the applied scavenging equipment was examined by surveying the exhalation valve with a leak detector ( type TIF 5600 , TIF Instruments , Miami ) . Results . Sessions with patients under 11 years of age revealed much higher anaesthetic gas exposures compared to older patients . The concentrations of nitrous oxide were on average threefold ( Fig . 1 ) , those of the halogenated anaesthetics fivefold higher ( Fig . 2 ) for the younger patients . In 11- to 16-year-old patients the exposure level was the same as in adult patients . The measurements showed a reduction of 85% in exposure if an efficient scavenging system ( i.e. , no waste gas discharge to room air through the exhalation valve ) or lower fresh gas flow were used ( Fig . 4 ) ; 42% of the inspected scavengers were inefficient , and reduced the exposure on average by only 30% . In operating theatres with a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h , the measured concentrations of anaesthetic gases in the inhalation zone of the anaesthetists were reduced more than 50% compared to poorly ventilated rooms ( Figs . 4 and 5 ) . The use of tracheal intubation or laryngeal mask airway ( LMA ) anaesthesia resulted in a reduction of 80% in exposure compared to standard face masks if efficient scavenging was used . The exposures during sessions with inefficiently scavenged Bain coaxial systems or unscavenged semi-open delivery systems of the Jackson-Rees type were tenfold higher than with scavenged rebreathing circuit systems ( Fig . 6 ) . During anaesthesia with IV or double-mask induction , the average levels of inhalation anaesthetics were reduced by about 80% compared to inhalational induction with standard masks ( Fig . 7 ) . The anaesthetist's working technique is a very important factor that strongly influences the concentrations . Poor work practices , like lifting off the face mask with anaesthetic gas flow turned on , increased the exposure of the anaesthetist and other operating room personnel drastically , even if the other conditions ( scavenger and room ventilation ) were good . Discussion . The exposure levels of anaesthetic gases are generally higher during anaesthesia in children up to 10 years of age than in older patients . Nevertheless , the measurements showed that exposure during paediatric anaesthesia can be kept below the recommended limit ( 8-h TWA in Switzerland ) of 100 ppm nitrous oxide and 5 ppm halothane or 10 ppm enflurane or isoflurane . Causes of high exposures were particularly high fresh gas flows often applied without scavenging or together with inefficient scavenging devices and the high part of mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction with a loosely held mask . To achieve an effective reduction of occupational exposure , well-adjusted and maintained scavenging systems and low-leakage work practices are of primary importance . As leakage can never be completely avoided , a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h should be maintained in operating rooms and rooms where anaesthesia is induced to keep down concentrations of waste anaesthetic gases . High exposure during mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction can be prevented by further measures . Using a LMA instead of a standard mask reduces the exposure to the same level as endotracheal intubation . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Methods, occupational exposure, anaesthetic, gases, hospitals, multi - gas, monitor, concentrations, nitrous oxide, anaesthetic, anaesthetist 's, breathing, Measurements, general anaesthetic, patients, age, patients, concentrations, efficiency, equipment, Instruments, patients, age, anaesthetic, gas, older, patients, concentrations, nitrous oxide, anaesthetics, patients, patients, adult, patients, measurements, gas, discharge, air, gas, operating theatres, ventilation, air, concentrations, anaesthetic, gases, inhalation, use, tracheal intubation, laryngeal mask airway, standard, face, masks, semi - open, delivery, inhalation anaesthetics, standard, masks, anaesthetist 's, technique, concentrations, work, face, mask, anaesthetic, gas, operating room, personnel, ventilation, anaesthetic, gases, children, age, older, patients, measurements, Switzerland, nitrous oxide, halothane, enflurane, isoflurane, Causes, gas, devices, mask, inhalation, mask, occupational exposure, work, ventilation, air, operating rooms, concentrations, anaesthetic, gases, mask, inhalation, measures, standard, mask, endotracheal intubation Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", 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To assess the occupational exposure of the anaesthetist to anaesthetic gases , a total of 1 German and 25 Swiss hospitals were investigated . A Brueel & Kjær Type 1302 multi-gas monitor was used to measure concentrations of nitrous oxide and halogenated anaesthetic agents in the anaesthetist's breathing zone . Measurements were performed during 114 general anaesthetic , 55 of which were in patients under 11 years of age . In these 55 patients , the influence of various factors on the exposure ( time-weighted average concentrations ) was estimated by comparing different data groups . The efficiency of the applied scavenging equipment was examined by surveying the exhalation valve with a leak detector ( type TIF 5600 , TIF Instruments , Miami ) . Results . Sessions with patients under 11 years of age revealed much higher anaesthetic gas exposures compared to older patients . The concentrations of nitrous oxide were on average threefold ( Fig . 1 ) , those of the halogenated anaesthetics fivefold higher ( Fig . 2 ) for the younger patients . In 11- to 16-year-old patients the exposure level was the same as in adult patients . The measurements showed a reduction of 85% in exposure if an efficient scavenging system ( i.e. , no waste gas discharge to room air through the exhalation valve ) or lower fresh gas flow were used ( Fig . 4 ) ; 42% of the inspected scavengers were inefficient , and reduced the exposure on average by only 30% . In operating theatres with a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h , the measured concentrations of anaesthetic gases in the inhalation zone of the anaesthetists were reduced more than 50% compared to poorly ventilated rooms ( Figs . 4 and 5 ) . The use of tracheal intubation or laryngeal mask airway ( LMA ) anaesthesia resulted in a reduction of 80% in exposure compared to standard face masks if efficient scavenging was used . The exposures during sessions with inefficiently scavenged Bain coaxial systems or unscavenged semi-open delivery systems of the Jackson-Rees type were tenfold higher than with scavenged rebreathing circuit systems ( Fig . 6 ) . During anaesthesia with IV or double-mask induction , the average levels of inhalation anaesthetics were reduced by about 80% compared to inhalational induction with standard masks ( Fig . 7 ) . The anaesthetist's working technique is a very important factor that strongly influences the concentrations . Poor work practices , like lifting off the face mask with anaesthetic gas flow turned on , increased the exposure of the anaesthetist and other operating room personnel drastically , even if the other conditions ( scavenger and room ventilation ) were good . Discussion . The exposure levels of anaesthetic gases are generally higher during anaesthesia in children up to 10 years of age than in older patients . Nevertheless , the measurements showed that exposure during paediatric anaesthesia can be kept below the recommended limit ( 8-h TWA in Switzerland ) of 100 ppm nitrous oxide and 5 ppm halothane or 10 ppm enflurane or isoflurane . Causes of high exposures were particularly high fresh gas flows often applied without scavenging or together with inefficient scavenging devices and the high part of mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction with a loosely held mask . To achieve an effective reduction of occupational exposure , well-adjusted and maintained scavenging systems and low-leakage work practices are of primary importance . As leakage can never be completely avoided , a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h should be maintained in operating rooms and rooms where anaesthesia is induced to keep down concentrations of waste anaesthetic gases . High exposure during mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction can be prevented by further measures . Using a LMA instead of a standard mask reduces the exposure to the same level as endotracheal intubation .	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"during", "sessions", "with", "inefficiently", "scavenged", "Bain", "coaxial", "systems", "or", "unscavenged", "semi", "-", "open", "delivery", "systems", "of", "the", "Jackson", "-", "Rees", "type", "were", "tenfold", "higher", "than", "with", "scavenged", "rebreathing", "circuit", "systems", "(", "Fig", ".", "6", ")", ".", "During", "anaesthesia", "with", "IV", "or", "double", "-", "mask", "induction", ",", "the", "average", "levels", "of", "inhalation", "anaesthetics", "were", "reduced", "by", "about", "80", "%", "compared", "to", "inhalational", "induction", "with", "standard", "masks", "(", "Fig", ".", "7", ")", ".", "The", "anaesthetist", "'s", "working", "technique", "is", "a", "very", "important", "factor", "that", "strongly", "influences", "the", "concentrations", ".", "Poor", "work", "practices", ",", "like", "lifting", "off", "the", "face", "mask", "with", "anaesthetic", "gas", "flow", "turned", "on", ",", "increased", "the", "exposure", "of", "the", "anaesthetist", "and", "other", "operating", "room", "personnel", "drastically", ",", "even", "if", "the", "other", "conditions", "(", "scavenger", "and", "room", "ventilation", ")", "were", "good", ".", "Discussion", ".", "The", "exposure", "levels", "of", "anaesthetic", "gases", "are", "generally", "higher", "during", "anaesthesia", "in", "children", "up", "to", "10", "years", "of", "age", "than", "in", "older", "patients", ".", "Nevertheless", ",", "the", "measurements", "showed", "that", "exposure", "during", "paediatric", "anaesthesia", "can", "be", "kept", "below", "the", "recommended", "limit", "(", "8-h", "TWA", "in", "Switzerland", ")", "of", "100", "ppm", "nitrous", "oxide", "and", "5", "ppm", "halothane", "or", "10", "ppm", "enflurane", "or", "isoflurane", ".", "Causes", "of", "high", "exposures", "were", "particularly", "high", "fresh", "gas", "flows", "often", "applied", "without", "scavenging", "or", "together", "with", "inefficient", "scavenging", "devices", "and", "the", "high", "part", "of", 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"intubation", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Methods, occupational exposure, anaesthetic, gases, hospitals, multi - gas, monitor, concentrations, nitrous oxide, anaesthetic, anaesthetist 's, breathing, Measurements, general anaesthetic, patients, age, patients, concentrations, efficiency, equipment, Instruments, patients, age, anaesthetic, gas, older, patients, concentrations, nitrous oxide, anaesthetics, patients, patients, adult, patients, measurements, gas, discharge, air, gas, operating theatres, ventilation, air, concentrations, anaesthetic, gases, inhalation, use, tracheal intubation, laryngeal mask airway, standard, face, masks, semi - open, delivery, inhalation anaesthetics, standard, masks, anaesthetist 's, technique, concentrations, work, face, mask, anaesthetic, gas, operating room, personnel, ventilation, anaesthetic, gases, children, age, older, patients, measurements, Switzerland, nitrous oxide, halothane, enflurane, isoflurane, Causes, gas, devices, mask, inhalation, mask, occupational exposure, work, ventilation, air, operating rooms, concentrations, anaesthetic, gases, mask, inhalation, measures, standard, mask, endotracheal intubation	DerAnaesthesist.50440154.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Methods . To assess the occupational exposure of the anaesthetist to anaesthetic gases , a total of 1 German and 25 Swiss hospitals were investigated . A Brueel & Kjær Type 1302 multi-gas monitor was used to measure concentrations of nitrous oxide and halogenated anaesthetic agents in the anaesthetist's breathing zone . Measurements were performed during 114 general anaesthetic , 55 of which were in patients under 11 years of age . In these 55 patients , the influence of various factors on the exposure ( time-weighted average concentrations ) was estimated by comparing different data groups . The efficiency of the applied scavenging equipment was examined by surveying the exhalation valve with a leak detector ( type TIF 5600 , TIF Instruments , Miami ) . Results . Sessions with patients under 11 years of age revealed much higher anaesthetic gas exposures compared to older patients . The concentrations of nitrous oxide were on average threefold ( Fig . 1 ) , those of the halogenated anaesthetics fivefold higher ( Fig . 2 ) for the younger patients . In 11- to 16-year-old patients the exposure level was the same as in adult patients . The measurements showed a reduction of 85% in exposure if an efficient scavenging system ( i.e. , no waste gas discharge to room air through the exhalation valve ) or lower fresh gas flow were used ( Fig . 4 ) ; 42% of the inspected scavengers were inefficient , and reduced the exposure on average by only 30% . In operating theatres with a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h , the measured concentrations of anaesthetic gases in the inhalation zone of the anaesthetists were reduced more than 50% compared to poorly ventilated rooms ( Figs . 4 and 5 ) . The use of tracheal intubation or laryngeal mask airway ( LMA ) anaesthesia resulted in a reduction of 80% in exposure compared to standard face masks if efficient scavenging was used . The exposures during sessions with inefficiently scavenged Bain coaxial systems or unscavenged semi-open delivery systems of the Jackson-Rees type were tenfold higher than with scavenged rebreathing circuit systems ( Fig . 6 ) . During anaesthesia with IV or double-mask induction , the average levels of inhalation anaesthetics were reduced by about 80% compared to inhalational induction with standard masks ( Fig . 7 ) . The anaesthetist's working technique is a very important factor that strongly influences the concentrations . Poor work practices , like lifting off the face mask with anaesthetic gas flow turned on , increased the exposure of the anaesthetist and other operating room personnel drastically , even if the other conditions ( scavenger and room ventilation ) were good . Discussion . The exposure levels of anaesthetic gases are generally higher during anaesthesia in children up to 10 years of age than in older patients . Nevertheless , the measurements showed that exposure during paediatric anaesthesia can be kept below the recommended limit ( 8-h TWA in Switzerland ) of 100 ppm nitrous oxide and 5 ppm halothane or 10 ppm enflurane or isoflurane . Causes of high exposures were particularly high fresh gas flows often applied without scavenging or together with inefficient scavenging devices and the high part of mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction with a loosely held mask . To achieve an effective reduction of occupational exposure , well-adjusted and maintained scavenging systems and low-leakage work practices are of primary importance . As leakage can never be completely avoided , a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h should be maintained in operating rooms and rooms where anaesthesia is induced to keep down concentrations of waste anaesthetic gases . High exposure during mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction can be prevented by further measures . Using a LMA instead of a standard mask reduces the exposure to the same level as endotracheal intubation . 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To assess the occupational exposure of the anaesthetist to anaesthetic gases , a total of 1 German and 25 Swiss hospitals were investigated . A Brueel & Kjær Type 1302 multi-gas monitor was used to measure concentrations of nitrous oxide and halogenated anaesthetic agents in the anaesthetist's breathing zone . Measurements were performed during 114 general anaesthetic , 55 of which were in patients under 11 years of age . In these 55 patients , the influence of various factors on the exposure ( time-weighted average concentrations ) was estimated by comparing different data groups . The efficiency of the applied scavenging equipment was examined by surveying the exhalation valve with a leak detector ( type TIF 5600 , TIF Instruments , Miami ) . Results . Sessions with patients under 11 years of age revealed much higher anaesthetic gas exposures compared to older patients . The concentrations of nitrous oxide were on average threefold ( Fig . 1 ) , those of the halogenated anaesthetics fivefold higher ( Fig . 2 ) for the younger patients . In 11- to 16-year-old patients the exposure level was the same as in adult patients . The measurements showed a reduction of 85% in exposure if an efficient scavenging system ( i.e. , no waste gas discharge to room air through the exhalation valve ) or lower fresh gas flow were used ( Fig . 4 ) ; 42% of the inspected scavengers were inefficient , and reduced the exposure on average by only 30% . In operating theatres with a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h , the measured concentrations of anaesthetic gases in the inhalation zone of the anaesthetists were reduced more than 50% compared to poorly ventilated rooms ( Figs . 4 and 5 ) . The use of tracheal intubation or laryngeal mask airway ( LMA ) anaesthesia resulted in a reduction of 80% in exposure compared to standard face masks if efficient scavenging was used . The exposures during sessions with inefficiently scavenged Bain coaxial systems or unscavenged semi-open delivery systems of the Jackson-Rees type were tenfold higher than with scavenged rebreathing circuit systems ( Fig . 6 ) . During anaesthesia with IV or double-mask induction , the average levels of inhalation anaesthetics were reduced by about 80% compared to inhalational induction with standard masks ( Fig . 7 ) . The anaesthetist's working technique is a very important factor that strongly influences the concentrations . Poor work practices , like lifting off the face mask with anaesthetic gas flow turned on , increased the exposure of the anaesthetist and other operating room personnel drastically , even if the other conditions ( scavenger and room ventilation ) were good . Discussion . The exposure levels of anaesthetic gases are generally higher during anaesthesia in children up to 10 years of age than in older patients . Nevertheless , the measurements showed that exposure during paediatric anaesthesia can be kept below the recommended limit ( 8-h TWA in Switzerland ) of 100 ppm nitrous oxide and 5 ppm halothane or 10 ppm enflurane or isoflurane . Causes of high exposures were particularly high fresh gas flows often applied without scavenging or together with inefficient scavenging devices and the high part of mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction with a loosely held mask . To achieve an effective reduction of occupational exposure , well-adjusted and maintained scavenging systems and low-leakage work practices are of primary importance . As leakage can never be completely avoided , a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h should be maintained in operating rooms and rooms where anaesthesia is induced to keep down concentrations of waste anaesthetic gases . High exposure during mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction can be prevented by further measures . Using a LMA instead of a standard mask reduces the exposure to the same level as endotracheal intubation .	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"intubation", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Osteon is an umlsterm, Hydroxylapatit is an umlsterm, Proteinkomplex is an umlsterm, Knochenanlagerung is an umlsterm, Geflechtknochen is an umlsterm, Knochen is an umlsterm, Knochenneubildung is an umlsterm	MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.0004s527.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Zur Optimierung der Osteoneogenese wurde Pro Osteon 500 , koralliner Hydroxylapatit , mit dem osteoinduktiven Proteinkomplex Colloss beschichtet und fuer 28 , 84 , 168 und 365 Tage im distalen Kaninchenfemur implantiert . Unbeschichtetes Material wurde kontralateral zur intraindividuellen Kontrolle untersucht . Histologisch war die Knochenanlagerung an die Implantatgranula , auch nach Beschichtung mit Colloss , nicht beeintraechtigt . Osteoid und Chondroid fanden sich nur spaerlich . Nach 84 Tagen war der urspruengliche Geflechtknochen weitgehend in lamellaeren Knochen umgewandelt . Die Knochenneubildung nahm bis zur Liegezeit von 84 Tagen zu und betrug dann bis zur Liegezeit von 365 Tagen zwischen 49,8% und 58,7% . Diese Zunahme war unabhaengig von der geringeren Dichte der das Implantat umgebenden Spongiosa . Nach Beschichtung mit Colloss war die Osteoneogenese um maximal 15,1% , jedoch statistisch nicht signifikant , gesteigert . Die Implantatgranula unterlagen nicht der Resorption . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Zur Optimierung der Osteoneogenese wurde Pro Osteon 500 , koralliner Hydroxylapatit , mit dem osteoinduktiven Proteinkomplex Colloss beschichtet und fuer 28 , 84 , 168 und 365 Tage im distalen Kaninchenfemur implantiert . Unbeschichtetes Material wurde kontralateral zur intraindividuellen Kontrolle untersucht . Histologisch war die Knochenanlagerung an die Implantatgranula , auch nach Beschichtung mit Colloss , nicht beeintraechtigt . Osteoid und Chondroid fanden sich nur spaerlich . Nach 84 Tagen war der urspruengliche Geflechtknochen weitgehend in lamellaeren Knochen umgewandelt . Die Knochenneubildung nahm bis zur Liegezeit von 84 Tagen zu und betrug dann bis zur Liegezeit von 365 Tagen zwischen 49,8% und 58,7% . Diese Zunahme war unabhaengig von der geringeren Dichte der das Implantat umgebenden Spongiosa . Nach Beschichtung mit Colloss war die Osteoneogenese um maximal 15,1% , jedoch statistisch nicht signifikant , gesteigert . Die Implantatgranula unterlagen nicht der Resorption .	[ "Zur", "Optimierung", "der", "Osteoneogenese", "wurde", "Pro", "Osteon", "500", ",", "koralliner", "Hydroxylapatit", ",", "mit", "dem", "osteoinduktiven", "Proteinkomplex", "Colloss", "beschichtet", "und", "fuer", "28", ",", "84", ",", "168", "und", "365", "Tage", "im", "distalen", "Kaninchenfemur", "implantiert", ".", "Unbeschichtetes", "Material", "wurde", "kontralateral", "zur", "intraindividuellen", "Kontrolle", "untersucht", ".", "Histologisch", "war", "die", "Knochenanlagerung", "an", "die", "Implantatgranula", ",", "auch", "nach", "Beschichtung", "mit", "Colloss", ",", "nicht", "beeintraechtigt", ".", "Osteoid", "und", "Chondroid", "fanden", "sich", "nur", "spaerlich", ".", "Nach", "84", "Tagen", "war", "der", "urspruengliche", "Geflechtknochen", "weitgehend", "in", "lamellaeren", "Knochen", "umgewandelt", ".", "Die", "Knochenneubildung", "nahm", "bis", "zur", "Liegezeit", "von", "84", "Tagen", "zu", "und", "betrug", "dann", "bis", "zur", "Liegezeit", "von", "365", "Tagen", "zwischen", "49,8", "%", "und", "58,7", "%", ".", "Diese", "Zunahme", "war", "unabhaengig", "von", "der", "geringeren", "Dichte", "der", "das", "Implantat", "umgebenden", "Spongiosa", ".", "Nach", "Beschichtung", "mit", "Colloss", "war", "die", "Osteoneogenese", "um", "maximal", "15,1", "%", ",", "jedoch", "statistisch", "nicht", "signifikant", ",", "gesteigert", ".", "Die", "Implantatgranula", "unterlagen", "nicht", "der", "Resorption", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Osteon is an umlsterm, Hydroxylapatit is an umlsterm, Proteinkomplex is an umlsterm, Knochenanlagerung is an umlsterm, Geflechtknochen is an umlsterm, Knochen is an umlsterm, Knochenneubildung is an umlsterm	MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.0004s527.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Zur Optimierung der Osteoneogenese wurde Pro Osteon 500 , koralliner Hydroxylapatit , mit dem osteoinduktiven Proteinkomplex Colloss beschichtet und fuer 28 , 84 , 168 und 365 Tage im distalen Kaninchenfemur implantiert . Unbeschichtetes Material wurde kontralateral zur intraindividuellen Kontrolle untersucht . Histologisch war die Knochenanlagerung an die Implantatgranula , auch nach Beschichtung mit Colloss , nicht beeintraechtigt . Osteoid und Chondroid fanden sich nur spaerlich . Nach 84 Tagen war der urspruengliche Geflechtknochen weitgehend in lamellaeren Knochen umgewandelt . Die Knochenneubildung nahm bis zur Liegezeit von 84 Tagen zu und betrug dann bis zur Liegezeit von 365 Tagen zwischen 49,8% und 58,7% . Diese Zunahme war unabhaengig von der geringeren Dichte der das Implantat umgebenden Spongiosa . Nach Beschichtung mit Colloss war die Osteoneogenese um maximal 15,1% , jedoch statistisch nicht signifikant , gesteigert . Die Implantatgranula unterlagen nicht der Resorption . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Osteon, Hydroxylapatit, Proteinkomplex, Knochenanlagerung, Geflechtknochen, Knochen, Knochenneubildung Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Zur Optimierung der Osteoneogenese wurde Pro Osteon 500 , koralliner Hydroxylapatit , mit dem osteoinduktiven Proteinkomplex Colloss beschichtet und fuer 28 , 84 , 168 und 365 Tage im distalen Kaninchenfemur implantiert . Unbeschichtetes Material wurde kontralateral zur intraindividuellen Kontrolle untersucht . Histologisch war die Knochenanlagerung an die Implantatgranula , auch nach Beschichtung mit Colloss , nicht beeintraechtigt . Osteoid und Chondroid fanden sich nur spaerlich . Nach 84 Tagen war der urspruengliche Geflechtknochen weitgehend in lamellaeren Knochen umgewandelt . Die Knochenneubildung nahm bis zur Liegezeit von 84 Tagen zu und betrug dann bis zur Liegezeit von 365 Tagen zwischen 49,8% und 58,7% . Diese Zunahme war unabhaengig von der geringeren Dichte der das Implantat umgebenden Spongiosa . Nach Beschichtung mit Colloss war die Osteoneogenese um maximal 15,1% , jedoch statistisch nicht signifikant , gesteigert . Die Implantatgranula unterlagen nicht der Resorption .	[ "Zur", "Optimierung", "der", "Osteoneogenese", "wurde", "Pro", "Osteon", "500", ",", "koralliner", "Hydroxylapatit", ",", "mit", "dem", "osteoinduktiven", "Proteinkomplex", "Colloss", "beschichtet", "und", "fuer", "28", ",", "84", ",", "168", "und", "365", "Tage", "im", "distalen", "Kaninchenfemur", "implantiert", ".", "Unbeschichtetes", "Material", "wurde", "kontralateral", "zur", "intraindividuellen", "Kontrolle", "untersucht", ".", "Histologisch", "war", "die", "Knochenanlagerung", "an", "die", "Implantatgranula", ",", "auch", "nach", "Beschichtung", "mit", "Colloss", ",", "nicht", "beeintraechtigt", ".", "Osteoid", "und", "Chondroid", "fanden", "sich", "nur", "spaerlich", ".", "Nach", "84", "Tagen", "war", "der", "urspruengliche", "Geflechtknochen", "weitgehend", "in", "lamellaeren", "Knochen", "umgewandelt", ".", "Die", "Knochenneubildung", "nahm", "bis", "zur", "Liegezeit", "von", "84", "Tagen", "zu", "und", "betrug", "dann", "bis", "zur", "Liegezeit", "von", "365", "Tagen", "zwischen", "49,8", "%", "und", "58,7", "%", ".", "Diese", "Zunahme", "war", "unabhaengig", "von", "der", "geringeren", "Dichte", "der", "das", "Implantat", "umgebenden", "Spongiosa", ".", "Nach", "Beschichtung", "mit", "Colloss", "war", "die", "Osteoneogenese", "um", "maximal", "15,1", "%", ",", "jedoch", "statistisch", "nicht", "signifikant", ",", "gesteigert", ".", "Die", "Implantatgranula", "unterlagen", "nicht", "der", "Resorption", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Osteon, Hydroxylapatit, Proteinkomplex, Knochenanlagerung, Geflechtknochen, Knochen, Knochenneubildung	MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.0004s527.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Zur Optimierung der Osteoneogenese wurde Pro Osteon 500 , koralliner Hydroxylapatit , mit dem osteoinduktiven Proteinkomplex Colloss beschichtet und fuer 28 , 84 , 168 und 365 Tage im distalen Kaninchenfemur implantiert . Unbeschichtetes Material wurde kontralateral zur intraindividuellen Kontrolle untersucht . Histologisch war die Knochenanlagerung an die Implantatgranula , auch nach Beschichtung mit Colloss , nicht beeintraechtigt . Osteoid und Chondroid fanden sich nur spaerlich . Nach 84 Tagen war der urspruengliche Geflechtknochen weitgehend in lamellaeren Knochen umgewandelt . Die Knochenneubildung nahm bis zur Liegezeit von 84 Tagen zu und betrug dann bis zur Liegezeit von 365 Tagen zwischen 49,8% und 58,7% . Diese Zunahme war unabhaengig von der geringeren Dichte der das Implantat umgebenden Spongiosa . Nach Beschichtung mit Colloss war die Osteoneogenese um maximal 15,1% , jedoch statistisch nicht signifikant , gesteigert . Die Implantatgranula unterlagen nicht der Resorption . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Zur Optimierung der Osteoneogenese wurde Pro Osteon 500 , koralliner Hydroxylapatit , mit dem osteoinduktiven Proteinkomplex Colloss beschichtet und fuer 28 , 84 , 168 und 365 Tage im distalen Kaninchenfemur implantiert . Unbeschichtetes Material wurde kontralateral zur intraindividuellen Kontrolle untersucht . Histologisch war die Knochenanlagerung an die Implantatgranula , auch nach Beschichtung mit Colloss , nicht beeintraechtigt . Osteoid und Chondroid fanden sich nur spaerlich . Nach 84 Tagen war der urspruengliche Geflechtknochen weitgehend in lamellaeren Knochen umgewandelt . Die Knochenneubildung nahm bis zur Liegezeit von 84 Tagen zu und betrug dann bis zur Liegezeit von 365 Tagen zwischen 49,8% und 58,7% . Diese Zunahme war unabhaengig von der geringeren Dichte der das Implantat umgebenden Spongiosa . Nach Beschichtung mit Colloss war die Osteoneogenese um maximal 15,1% , jedoch statistisch nicht signifikant , gesteigert . Die Implantatgranula unterlagen nicht der Resorption .	[ "Zur", "Optimierung", "der", "Osteoneogenese", "wurde", "Pro", "Osteon", "500", ",", "koralliner", "Hydroxylapatit", ",", "mit", "dem", "osteoinduktiven", "Proteinkomplex", "Colloss", "beschichtet", "und", "fuer", "28", ",", "84", ",", "168", "und", "365", "Tage", "im", "distalen", "Kaninchenfemur", "implantiert", ".", "Unbeschichtetes", "Material", "wurde", "kontralateral", "zur", "intraindividuellen", "Kontrolle", "untersucht", ".", "Histologisch", "war", "die", "Knochenanlagerung", "an", "die", "Implantatgranula", ",", "auch", "nach", "Beschichtung", "mit", "Colloss", ",", "nicht", "beeintraechtigt", ".", "Osteoid", "und", "Chondroid", "fanden", "sich", "nur", "spaerlich", ".", "Nach", "84", "Tagen", "war", "der", "urspruengliche", "Geflechtknochen", "weitgehend", "in", "lamellaeren", "Knochen", "umgewandelt", ".", "Die", "Knochenneubildung", "nahm", "bis", "zur", "Liegezeit", "von", "84", "Tagen", "zu", "und", "betrug", "dann", "bis", "zur", "Liegezeit", "von", "365", "Tagen", "zwischen", "49,8", "%", "und", "58,7", "%", ".", "Diese", "Zunahme", "war", "unabhaengig", "von", "der", "geringeren", "Dichte", "der", "das", "Implantat", "umgebenden", "Spongiosa", ".", "Nach", "Beschichtung", "mit", "Colloss", "war", "die", "Osteoneogenese", "um", "maximal", "15,1", "%", ",", "jedoch", "statistisch", "nicht", "signifikant", ",", "gesteigert", ".", "Die", "Implantatgranula", "unterlagen", "nicht", "der", "Resorption", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
cAMP is a compound, protein kinase A is a protein	DS.d1145_task0	Sentence: The cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling cascade is crucial for synaptic plasticity in a wide variety of species. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "B-compound", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling cascade is crucial for synaptic plasticity in a wide variety of species.	[ "The", "cAMP", "/", "protein", "kinase", "A", "(", "PKA", ")", "signaling", "cascade", "is", "crucial", "for", "synaptic", "plasticity", "in", "a", "wide", "variety", "of", "species", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
cAMP is a compound, protein kinase A is a protein	DS.d1145_task1	Sentence: The cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling cascade is crucial for synaptic plasticity in a wide variety of species. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cAMP, protein kinase A Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "B-compound", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling cascade is crucial for synaptic plasticity in a wide variety of species.	[ "The", "cAMP", "/", "protein", "kinase", "A", "(", "PKA", ")", "signaling", "cascade", "is", "crucial", "for", "synaptic", "plasticity", "in", "a", "wide", "variety", "of", "species", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
cAMP, protein kinase A	DS.d1145_task2	Sentence: The cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling cascade is crucial for synaptic plasticity in a wide variety of species. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "B-compound", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling cascade is crucial for synaptic plasticity in a wide variety of species.	[ "The", "cAMP", "/", "protein", "kinase", "A", "(", "PKA", ")", "signaling", "cascade", "is", "crucial", "for", "synaptic", "plasticity", "in", "a", "wide", "variety", "of", "species", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
population - based is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, posturography is an umlsterm, gait is an umlsterm, balance is an umlsterm, geriatric is an umlsterm, scales is an umlsterm, eyes is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, eyes is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, nervous system function is an umlsterm, measures is an umlsterm, single - stance is an umlsterm, leg is an umlsterm, Age is an umlsterm, vision is an umlsterm, neuropsychologic test is an umlsterm, single - stance is an umlsterm, right is an umlsterm, leg is an umlsterm, leg is an umlsterm, linear regression is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, vision is an umlsterm, gait is an umlsterm, balance is an umlsterm, older is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, community is an umlsterm, posturography is an umlsterm, gait is an umlsterm, balance is an umlsterm	ZfuerGerontologie+Geriatrie.00330401.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: In a population-based study of 110 women between 53 and 82 years of age ( mean age 64.5 +/- 7.9 years ) static posturography data were compared to functional items of gait and balance in common geriatric mobility scales . Posturographic data of double-stance with eyes open and eyes closed ( DSEO ; DSEC ) did not differ from those of a group of healthy women previously tested for intact nervous system function . The total neuromuscular score - roughly corresponding to the well-known Tinetti score - did not correlate to the posturographic measures . DSEC correlated with the items " rapid walking " and " single-stance left leg " . Age , vision , and neuropsychologic test results correlated with DSEO , " rapid walking " , " single-stance right leg " , " single-stance left leg " , and " walking a figure eight " . Multiple linear regression confirmed the impact of age , vision , DSEO , and DSEC on " rapid walking " with a 34% variance explanation . Posturographic parameters did predict other selected gait and balance items . When used in older women living independently in the community , parameters of static posturography reflect to some extent the functional disabilities of gait and balance . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	In a population-based study of 110 women between 53 and 82 years of age ( mean age 64.5 +/- 7.9 years ) static posturography data were compared to functional items of gait and balance in common geriatric mobility scales . Posturographic data of double-stance with eyes open and eyes closed ( DSEO ; DSEC ) did not differ from those of a group of healthy women previously tested for intact nervous system function . The total neuromuscular score - roughly corresponding to the well-known Tinetti score - did not correlate to the posturographic measures . DSEC correlated with the items " rapid walking " and " single-stance left leg " . Age , vision , and neuropsychologic test results correlated with DSEO , " rapid walking " , " single-stance right leg " , " single-stance left leg " , and " walking a figure eight " . Multiple linear regression confirmed the impact of age , vision , DSEO , and DSEC on " rapid walking " with a 34% variance explanation . Posturographic parameters did predict other selected gait and balance items . When used in older women living independently in the community , parameters of static posturography reflect to some extent the functional disabilities of gait and balance .	[ "In", "a", "population", "-", "based", "study", "of", "110", "women", "between", "53", "and", "82", "years", "of", "age", "(", "mean", "age", "64.5", "+", "/-", "7.9", "years", ")", "static", "posturography", "data", "were", "compared", "to", "functional", "items", "of", "gait", "and", "balance", "in", "common", "geriatric", "mobility", "scales", ".", "Posturographic", "data", "of", "double", "-", "stance", "with", "eyes", "open", "and", "eyes", "closed", "(", "DSEO", ";", "DSEC", ")", "did", "not", "differ", "from", "those", "of", "a", "group", "of", "healthy", "women", "previously", "tested", "for", "intact", "nervous", "system", "function", ".", "The", "total", "neuromuscular", "score", "-", "roughly", "corresponding", "to", "the", "well", "-", "known", "Tinetti", "score", "-", "did", "not", "correlate", "to", "the", "posturographic", "measures", ".", "DSEC", "correlated", "with", "the", "items", "\"", "rapid", "walking", "\"", "and", "\"", "single", "-", "stance", "left", "leg", "\"", ".", "Age", ",", "vision", ",", "and", "neuropsychologic", "test", "results", "correlated", "with", "DSEO", ",", "\"", "rapid", "walking", "\"", ",", "\"", "single", "-", "stance", "right", "leg", "\"", ",", "\"", "single", "-", "stance", "left", "leg", "\"", ",", "and", "\"", "walking", "a", "figure", "eight", "\"", ".", "Multiple", "linear", "regression", "confirmed", "the", "impact", "of", "age", ",", "vision", ",", "DSEO", ",", "and", "DSEC", "on", "\"", "rapid", "walking", "\"", "with", "a", "34", "%", "variance", "explanation", ".", "Posturographic", "parameters", "did", "predict", "other", "selected", "gait", "and", "balance", "items", ".", "When", "used", "in", "older", "women", "living", "independently", "in", "the", "community", ",", "parameters", "of", "static", "posturography", "reflect", "to", "some", "extent", "the", "functional", "disabilities", "of", "gait", "and", "balance", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
population - based is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, posturography is an umlsterm, gait is an umlsterm, balance is an umlsterm, geriatric is an umlsterm, scales is an umlsterm, eyes is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, eyes is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, nervous system function is an umlsterm, measures is an umlsterm, single - stance is an umlsterm, leg is an umlsterm, Age is an umlsterm, vision is an umlsterm, neuropsychologic test is an umlsterm, single - stance is an umlsterm, right is an umlsterm, leg is an umlsterm, leg is an umlsterm, linear regression is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, vision is an umlsterm, gait is an umlsterm, balance is an umlsterm, older is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, community is an umlsterm, posturography is an umlsterm, gait is an umlsterm, balance is an umlsterm	ZfuerGerontologie+Geriatrie.00330401.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: In a population-based study of 110 women between 53 and 82 years of age ( mean age 64.5 +/- 7.9 years ) static posturography data were compared to functional items of gait and balance in common geriatric mobility scales . Posturographic data of double-stance with eyes open and eyes closed ( DSEO ; DSEC ) did not differ from those of a group of healthy women previously tested for intact nervous system function . The total neuromuscular score - roughly corresponding to the well-known Tinetti score - did not correlate to the posturographic measures . DSEC correlated with the items " rapid walking " and " single-stance left leg " . Age , vision , and neuropsychologic test results correlated with DSEO , " rapid walking " , " single-stance right leg " , " single-stance left leg " , and " walking a figure eight " . Multiple linear regression confirmed the impact of age , vision , DSEO , and DSEC on " rapid walking " with a 34% variance explanation . Posturographic parameters did predict other selected gait and balance items . When used in older women living independently in the community , parameters of static posturography reflect to some extent the functional disabilities of gait and balance . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: population - based, women, age, age, posturography, gait, balance, geriatric, scales, eyes, open, eyes, women, nervous system function, measures, single - stance, leg, Age, vision, neuropsychologic test, single - stance, right, leg, leg, linear regression, age, vision, gait, balance, older, women, community, posturography, gait, balance Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	In a population-based study of 110 women between 53 and 82 years of age ( mean age 64.5 +/- 7.9 years ) static posturography data were compared to functional items of gait and balance in common geriatric mobility scales . Posturographic data of double-stance with eyes open and eyes closed ( DSEO ; DSEC ) did not differ from those of a group of healthy women previously tested for intact nervous system function . The total neuromuscular score - roughly corresponding to the well-known Tinetti score - did not correlate to the posturographic measures . DSEC correlated with the items " rapid walking " and " single-stance left leg " . Age , vision , and neuropsychologic test results correlated with DSEO , " rapid walking " , " single-stance right leg " , " single-stance left leg " , and " walking a figure eight " . Multiple linear regression confirmed the impact of age , vision , DSEO , and DSEC on " rapid walking " with a 34% variance explanation . Posturographic parameters did predict other selected gait and balance items . When used in older women living independently in the community , parameters of static posturography reflect to some extent the functional disabilities of gait and balance .	[ "In", "a", "population", "-", "based", "study", "of", "110", "women", "between", "53", "and", "82", "years", "of", "age", "(", "mean", "age", "64.5", "+", "/-", "7.9", "years", ")", "static", "posturography", "data", "were", "compared", "to", "functional", "items", "of", "gait", "and", "balance", "in", "common", "geriatric", "mobility", "scales", ".", "Posturographic", "data", "of", "double", "-", "stance", "with", "eyes", "open", "and", "eyes", "closed", "(", "DSEO", ";", "DSEC", ")", "did", "not", "differ", "from", "those", "of", "a", "group", "of", "healthy", "women", "previously", "tested", "for", "intact", "nervous", "system", "function", ".", "The", "total", "neuromuscular", "score", "-", "roughly", "corresponding", "to", "the", "well", "-", "known", "Tinetti", "score", "-", "did", "not", "correlate", "to", "the", "posturographic", "measures", ".", "DSEC", "correlated", "with", "the", "items", "\"", "rapid", "walking", "\"", "and", "\"", "single", "-", "stance", "left", "leg", "\"", ".", "Age", ",", "vision", ",", "and", "neuropsychologic", "test", "results", "correlated", "with", "DSEO", ",", "\"", "rapid", "walking", "\"", ",", "\"", "single", "-", "stance", "right", "leg", "\"", ",", "\"", "single", "-", "stance", "left", "leg", "\"", ",", "and", "\"", "walking", "a", "figure", "eight", "\"", ".", "Multiple", "linear", "regression", "confirmed", "the", "impact", "of", "age", ",", "vision", ",", "DSEO", ",", "and", "DSEC", "on", "\"", "rapid", "walking", "\"", "with", "a", "34", "%", "variance", "explanation", ".", "Posturographic", "parameters", "did", "predict", "other", "selected", "gait", "and", "balance", "items", ".", "When", "used", "in", "older", "women", "living", "independently", "in", "the", "community", ",", "parameters", "of", "static", "posturography", "reflect", "to", "some", "extent", "the", "functional", "disabilities", "of", "gait", "and", "balance", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
population - based, women, age, age, posturography, gait, balance, geriatric, scales, eyes, open, eyes, women, nervous system function, measures, single - stance, leg, Age, vision, neuropsychologic test, single - stance, right, leg, leg, linear regression, age, vision, gait, balance, older, women, community, posturography, gait, balance	ZfuerGerontologie+Geriatrie.00330401.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: In a population-based study of 110 women between 53 and 82 years of age ( mean age 64.5 +/- 7.9 years ) static posturography data were compared to functional items of gait and balance in common geriatric mobility scales . Posturographic data of double-stance with eyes open and eyes closed ( DSEO ; DSEC ) did not differ from those of a group of healthy women previously tested for intact nervous system function . The total neuromuscular score - roughly corresponding to the well-known Tinetti score - did not correlate to the posturographic measures . DSEC correlated with the items " rapid walking " and " single-stance left leg " . Age , vision , and neuropsychologic test results correlated with DSEO , " rapid walking " , " single-stance right leg " , " single-stance left leg " , and " walking a figure eight " . Multiple linear regression confirmed the impact of age , vision , DSEO , and DSEC on " rapid walking " with a 34% variance explanation . Posturographic parameters did predict other selected gait and balance items . When used in older women living independently in the community , parameters of static posturography reflect to some extent the functional disabilities of gait and balance . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	In a population-based study of 110 women between 53 and 82 years of age ( mean age 64.5 +/- 7.9 years ) static posturography data were compared to functional items of gait and balance in common geriatric mobility scales . Posturographic data of double-stance with eyes open and eyes closed ( DSEO ; DSEC ) did not differ from those of a group of healthy women previously tested for intact nervous system function . The total neuromuscular score - roughly corresponding to the well-known Tinetti score - did not correlate to the posturographic measures . DSEC correlated with the items " rapid walking " and " single-stance left leg " . Age , vision , and neuropsychologic test results correlated with DSEO , " rapid walking " , " single-stance right leg " , " single-stance left leg " , and " walking a figure eight " . Multiple linear regression confirmed the impact of age , vision , DSEO , and DSEC on " rapid walking " with a 34% variance explanation . Posturographic parameters did predict other selected gait and balance items . When used in older women living independently in the community , parameters of static posturography reflect to some extent the functional disabilities of gait and balance .	[ "In", "a", "population", "-", "based", "study", "of", "110", "women", "between", "53", "and", "82", "years", "of", "age", "(", "mean", "age", "64.5", "+", "/-", "7.9", "years", ")", "static", "posturography", "data", "were", "compared", "to", "functional", "items", "of", "gait", "and", "balance", "in", "common", "geriatric", "mobility", "scales", ".", "Posturographic", "data", "of", "double", "-", "stance", "with", "eyes", "open", "and", "eyes", "closed", "(", "DSEO", ";", "DSEC", ")", "did", "not", "differ", "from", "those", "of", "a", "group", "of", "healthy", "women", "previously", "tested", "for", "intact", "nervous", "system", "function", ".", "The", "total", "neuromuscular", "score", "-", "roughly", "corresponding", "to", "the", "well", "-", "known", "Tinetti", "score", "-", "did", "not", "correlate", "to", "the", "posturographic", "measures", ".", "DSEC", "correlated", "with", "the", "items", "\"", "rapid", "walking", "\"", "and", "\"", "single", "-", "stance", "left", "leg", "\"", ".", "Age", ",", "vision", ",", "and", "neuropsychologic", "test", "results", "correlated", "with", "DSEO", ",", "\"", "rapid", "walking", "\"", ",", "\"", "single", "-", "stance", "right", "leg", "\"", ",", "\"", "single", "-", "stance", "left", "leg", "\"", ",", "and", "\"", "walking", "a", "figure", "eight", "\"", ".", "Multiple", "linear", "regression", "confirmed", "the", "impact", "of", "age", ",", "vision", ",", "DSEO", ",", "and", "DSEC", "on", "\"", "rapid", "walking", "\"", "with", "a", "34", "%", "variance", "explanation", ".", "Posturographic", "parameters", "did", "predict", "other", "selected", "gait", "and", "balance", "items", ".", "When", "used", "in", "older", "women", "living", "independently", "in", "the", "community", ",", "parameters", "of", "static", "posturography", "reflect", "to", "some", "extent", "the", "functional", "disabilities", "of", "gait", "and", "balance", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
COL3A1 is a protein, arginine is a compound, glycine is a compound	DS.d1256_task0	Sentence: This diagnosis was confirmed by genetic testing, which revealed a novel point mutation in the COL3A1 gene, c.2545G-->C, leading to a codon encoding for arginine instead of glycine (p.Gly849Arg). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	This diagnosis was confirmed by genetic testing, which revealed a novel point mutation in the COL3A1 gene, c.2545G-->C, leading to a codon encoding for arginine instead of glycine (p.Gly849Arg).	[ "This", "diagnosis", "was", "confirmed", "by", "genetic", "testing", ",", "which", "revealed", "a", "novel", "point", "mutation", "in", "the", "COL3A1", "gene", ",", "c.2545G-->C", ",", "leading", "to", "a", "codon", "encoding", "for", "arginine", "instead", "of", "glycine", "(", "p.", "Gly849Arg", ")", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
COL3A1 is a protein, arginine is a compound, glycine is a compound	DS.d1256_task1	Sentence: This diagnosis was confirmed by genetic testing, which revealed a novel point mutation in the COL3A1 gene, c.2545G-->C, leading to a codon encoding for arginine instead of glycine (p.Gly849Arg). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: COL3A1, arginine, glycine Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	This diagnosis was confirmed by genetic testing, which revealed a novel point mutation in the COL3A1 gene, c.2545G-->C, leading to a codon encoding for arginine instead of glycine (p.Gly849Arg).	[ "This", "diagnosis", "was", "confirmed", "by", "genetic", "testing", ",", "which", "revealed", "a", "novel", "point", "mutation", "in", "the", "COL3A1", "gene", ",", "c.2545G-->C", ",", "leading", "to", "a", "codon", "encoding", "for", "arginine", "instead", "of", "glycine", "(", "p.", "Gly849Arg", ")", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
COL3A1, arginine, glycine	DS.d1256_task2	Sentence: This diagnosis was confirmed by genetic testing, which revealed a novel point mutation in the COL3A1 gene, c.2545G-->C, leading to a codon encoding for arginine instead of glycine (p.Gly849Arg). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	This diagnosis was confirmed by genetic testing, which revealed a novel point mutation in the COL3A1 gene, c.2545G-->C, leading to a codon encoding for arginine instead of glycine (p.Gly849Arg).	[ "This", "diagnosis", "was", "confirmed", "by", "genetic", "testing", ",", "which", "revealed", "a", "novel", "point", "mutation", "in", "the", "COL3A1", "gene", ",", "c.2545G-->C", ",", "leading", "to", "a", "codon", "encoding", "for", "arginine", "instead", "of", "glycine", "(", "p.", "Gly849Arg", ")", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
NF - κB is a GENE-N, Doxorubicin is a CHEMICAL, NF - κB is a GENE-N, p65 is a GENE-Y, NF - κB is a GENE-N, Doxorubicin is a CHEMICAL, DOX is a CHEMICAL, p65 is a GENE-Y, DOX is a CHEMICAL, DOX is a CHEMICAL, DOX is a CHEMICAL, IκBα is a GENE-Y, DOX is a CHEMICAL	13023_task0	Sentence: NF-κB-associated mechanisms underlying the response of embryonic cells to Doxorubicin. The involvement of NF-κB in the regulation of teratogen-induced apoptosis has not been established yet. Therefore, we tried to assess the involvement of the p65 subunit of NF-κB in the embryonic response to the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX). Thus, exposure of p65 knockout (p65(-/-)) or wild type (WT) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to DOX resulted in a decrease in cell survival, culture density and cell proliferation, which was found to be more prominent in p65(-/-) MEFs. Those phenomena were accompanied by a DOX-induced increase in the proportion of apoptotic cells, which was demonstrated only in p65(-/-) cells and a G2/M arrest, which was found to be more prominent in WT cells. Furthermore, DOX-treated WT and p65(-/-) MEFs differed in their expression of various apoptosis-associated molecules, when the former demonstrated a decrease in the percentage of p65-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of p53-positive cells, while a decreased percentage of IκBα-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of bcl-2-positive cells was detected among the latter. The fact that the response of the cells to the teratogen was clearly p65-dependent implicates this molecule to be involved in the response of the embryonic cells to DOX. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y, GENE-N, CHEMICAL	[ "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O" ]	NF-κB-associated mechanisms underlying the response of embryonic cells to Doxorubicin. The involvement of NF-κB in the regulation of teratogen-induced apoptosis has not been established yet. Therefore, we tried to assess the involvement of the p65 subunit of NF-κB in the embryonic response to the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX). Thus, exposure of p65 knockout (p65(-/-)) or wild type (WT) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to DOX resulted in a decrease in cell survival, culture density and cell proliferation, which was found to be more prominent in p65(-/-) MEFs. Those phenomena were accompanied by a DOX-induced increase in the proportion of apoptotic cells, which was demonstrated only in p65(-/-) cells and a G2/M arrest, which was found to be more prominent in WT cells. Furthermore, DOX-treated WT and p65(-/-) MEFs differed in their expression of various apoptosis-associated molecules, when the former demonstrated a decrease in the percentage of p65-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of p53-positive cells, while a decreased percentage of IκBα-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of bcl-2-positive cells was detected among the latter. The fact that the response of the cells to the teratogen was clearly p65-dependent implicates this molecule to be involved in the response of the embryonic cells to DOX.	[ "NF", "-", "κB", "-", "associated", "mechanisms", "underlying", "the", "response", "of", "embryonic", "cells", "to", "Doxorubicin", ".", "\n", "The", "involvement", "of", "NF", "-", "κB", "in", "the", "regulation", "of", "teratogen", "-", "induced", "apoptosis", "has", "not", "been", "established", "yet", ".", "Therefore", ",", "we", "tried", "to", "assess", "the", "involvement", "of", "the", "p65", "subunit", "of", "NF", "-", "κB", "in", "the", "embryonic", "response", "to", "the", "anti", "-", "cancer", "drug", "Doxorubicin", "(", "DOX", ")", ".", "Thus", ",", "exposure", "of", "p65", "knockout", "(", "p65(-/-", ")", ")", "or", "wild", "type", "(", "WT", ")", "mouse", "embryonic", "fibroblasts", "(", "MEFs", ")", "to", "DOX", "resulted", "in", "a", "decrease", "in", "cell", "survival", ",", "culture", "density", "and", "cell", "proliferation", ",", "which", "was", "found", "to", "be", "more", "prominent", "in", "p65(-/-", ")", "MEFs", ".", "Those", "phenomena", "were", "accompanied", "by", "a", "DOX", "-", "induced", "increase", "in", "the", "proportion", "of", "apoptotic", "cells", ",", "which", "was", "demonstrated", "only", "in", "p65(-/-", ")", "cells", "and", "a", "G2", "/", "M", "arrest", ",", "which", "was", "found", "to", "be", "more", "prominent", "in", "WT", "cells", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "DOX", "-", "treated", "WT", "and", "p65(-/-", ")", "MEFs", "differed", "in", "their", "expression", "of", "various", "apoptosis", "-", "associated", "molecules", ",", "when", "the", "former", "demonstrated", "a", "decrease", "in", "the", "percentage", "of", "p65-positive", "and", "a", "more", "prominent", "decrease", "in", "the", "percentage", "of", "p53-positive", "cells", ",", "while", "a", "decreased", "percentage", "of", "IκBα", "-", "positive", "and", "a", "more", "prominent", "decrease", "in", "the", "percentage", "of", "bcl-2-positive", "cells", "was", "detected", "among", "the", "latter", ".", "The", "fact", "that", "the", "response", "of", "the", "cells", "to", "the", "teratogen", "was", "clearly", "p65-dependent", "implicates", "this", "molecule", "to", "be", "involved", "in", "the", "response", "of", "the", "embryonic", "cells", "to", "DOX", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
NF - κB is a GENE-N, Doxorubicin is a CHEMICAL, NF - κB is a GENE-N, p65 is a GENE-Y, NF - κB is a GENE-N, Doxorubicin is a CHEMICAL, DOX is a CHEMICAL, p65 is a GENE-Y, DOX is a CHEMICAL, DOX is a CHEMICAL, DOX is a CHEMICAL, IκBα is a GENE-Y, DOX is a CHEMICAL	13023_task1	Sentence: NF-κB-associated mechanisms underlying the response of embryonic cells to Doxorubicin. The involvement of NF-κB in the regulation of teratogen-induced apoptosis has not been established yet. Therefore, we tried to assess the involvement of the p65 subunit of NF-κB in the embryonic response to the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX). Thus, exposure of p65 knockout (p65(-/-)) or wild type (WT) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to DOX resulted in a decrease in cell survival, culture density and cell proliferation, which was found to be more prominent in p65(-/-) MEFs. Those phenomena were accompanied by a DOX-induced increase in the proportion of apoptotic cells, which was demonstrated only in p65(-/-) cells and a G2/M arrest, which was found to be more prominent in WT cells. Furthermore, DOX-treated WT and p65(-/-) MEFs differed in their expression of various apoptosis-associated molecules, when the former demonstrated a decrease in the percentage of p65-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of p53-positive cells, while a decreased percentage of IκBα-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of bcl-2-positive cells was detected among the latter. The fact that the response of the cells to the teratogen was clearly p65-dependent implicates this molecule to be involved in the response of the embryonic cells to DOX. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: NF - κB, Doxorubicin, NF - κB, p65, NF - κB, Doxorubicin, DOX, p65, DOX, DOX, DOX, IκBα, DOX Options: GENE-Y, GENE-N, CHEMICAL	[ "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O" ]	NF-κB-associated mechanisms underlying the response of embryonic cells to Doxorubicin. The involvement of NF-κB in the regulation of teratogen-induced apoptosis has not been established yet. Therefore, we tried to assess the involvement of the p65 subunit of NF-κB in the embryonic response to the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX). Thus, exposure of p65 knockout (p65(-/-)) or wild type (WT) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to DOX resulted in a decrease in cell survival, culture density and cell proliferation, which was found to be more prominent in p65(-/-) MEFs. Those phenomena were accompanied by a DOX-induced increase in the proportion of apoptotic cells, which was demonstrated only in p65(-/-) cells and a G2/M arrest, which was found to be more prominent in WT cells. Furthermore, DOX-treated WT and p65(-/-) MEFs differed in their expression of various apoptosis-associated molecules, when the former demonstrated a decrease in the percentage of p65-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of p53-positive cells, while a decreased percentage of IκBα-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of bcl-2-positive cells was detected among the latter. The fact that the response of the cells to the teratogen was clearly p65-dependent implicates this molecule to be involved in the response of the embryonic cells to DOX.	[ "NF", "-", "κB", "-", "associated", "mechanisms", "underlying", "the", "response", "of", "embryonic", "cells", "to", "Doxorubicin", ".", "\n", "The", "involvement", "of", "NF", "-", "κB", "in", "the", "regulation", "of", "teratogen", "-", "induced", "apoptosis", "has", "not", "been", "established", "yet", ".", "Therefore", ",", "we", "tried", "to", "assess", "the", "involvement", "of", "the", "p65", "subunit", "of", "NF", "-", "κB", "in", "the", "embryonic", "response", "to", "the", "anti", "-", "cancer", "drug", "Doxorubicin", "(", "DOX", ")", ".", "Thus", ",", "exposure", "of", "p65", "knockout", "(", "p65(-/-", ")", ")", "or", "wild", "type", "(", "WT", ")", "mouse", "embryonic", "fibroblasts", "(", "MEFs", ")", "to", "DOX", "resulted", "in", "a", "decrease", "in", "cell", "survival", ",", "culture", "density", "and", "cell", "proliferation", ",", "which", "was", "found", "to", "be", "more", "prominent", "in", "p65(-/-", ")", "MEFs", ".", "Those", "phenomena", "were", "accompanied", "by", "a", "DOX", "-", "induced", "increase", "in", "the", "proportion", "of", "apoptotic", "cells", ",", "which", "was", "demonstrated", "only", "in", "p65(-/-", ")", "cells", "and", "a", "G2", "/", "M", "arrest", ",", "which", "was", "found", "to", "be", "more", "prominent", "in", "WT", "cells", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "DOX", "-", "treated", "WT", "and", "p65(-/-", ")", "MEFs", "differed", "in", "their", "expression", "of", "various", "apoptosis", "-", "associated", "molecules", ",", "when", "the", "former", "demonstrated", "a", "decrease", "in", "the", "percentage", "of", "p65-positive", "and", "a", "more", "prominent", "decrease", "in", "the", "percentage", "of", "p53-positive", "cells", ",", "while", "a", "decreased", "percentage", "of", "IκBα", "-", "positive", "and", "a", "more", "prominent", "decrease", "in", "the", "percentage", "of", "bcl-2-positive", "cells", "was", "detected", "among", "the", "latter", ".", "The", "fact", "that", "the", "response", "of", "the", "cells", "to", "the", "teratogen", "was", "clearly", "p65-dependent", "implicates", "this", "molecule", "to", "be", "involved", "in", "the", "response", "of", "the", "embryonic", "cells", "to", "DOX", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
NF - κB, Doxorubicin, NF - κB, p65, NF - κB, Doxorubicin, DOX, p65, DOX, DOX, DOX, IκBα, DOX	13023_task2	Sentence: NF-κB-associated mechanisms underlying the response of embryonic cells to Doxorubicin. The involvement of NF-κB in the regulation of teratogen-induced apoptosis has not been established yet. Therefore, we tried to assess the involvement of the p65 subunit of NF-κB in the embryonic response to the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX). Thus, exposure of p65 knockout (p65(-/-)) or wild type (WT) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to DOX resulted in a decrease in cell survival, culture density and cell proliferation, which was found to be more prominent in p65(-/-) MEFs. Those phenomena were accompanied by a DOX-induced increase in the proportion of apoptotic cells, which was demonstrated only in p65(-/-) cells and a G2/M arrest, which was found to be more prominent in WT cells. Furthermore, DOX-treated WT and p65(-/-) MEFs differed in their expression of various apoptosis-associated molecules, when the former demonstrated a decrease in the percentage of p65-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of p53-positive cells, while a decreased percentage of IκBα-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of bcl-2-positive cells was detected among the latter. The fact that the response of the cells to the teratogen was clearly p65-dependent implicates this molecule to be involved in the response of the embryonic cells to DOX. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O" ]	NF-κB-associated mechanisms underlying the response of embryonic cells to Doxorubicin. The involvement of NF-κB in the regulation of teratogen-induced apoptosis has not been established yet. Therefore, we tried to assess the involvement of the p65 subunit of NF-κB in the embryonic response to the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX). Thus, exposure of p65 knockout (p65(-/-)) or wild type (WT) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to DOX resulted in a decrease in cell survival, culture density and cell proliferation, which was found to be more prominent in p65(-/-) MEFs. Those phenomena were accompanied by a DOX-induced increase in the proportion of apoptotic cells, which was demonstrated only in p65(-/-) cells and a G2/M arrest, which was found to be more prominent in WT cells. Furthermore, DOX-treated WT and p65(-/-) MEFs differed in their expression of various apoptosis-associated molecules, when the former demonstrated a decrease in the percentage of p65-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of p53-positive cells, while a decreased percentage of IκBα-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of bcl-2-positive cells was detected among the latter. The fact that the response of the cells to the teratogen was clearly p65-dependent implicates this molecule to be involved in the response of the embryonic cells to DOX.	[ "NF", "-", "κB", "-", "associated", "mechanisms", "underlying", "the", "response", "of", "embryonic", "cells", "to", "Doxorubicin", ".", "\n", "The", "involvement", "of", "NF", "-", "κB", "in", "the", "regulation", "of", "teratogen", "-", "induced", "apoptosis", "has", "not", "been", "established", "yet", ".", "Therefore", ",", "we", "tried", "to", "assess", "the", "involvement", "of", "the", "p65", "subunit", "of", "NF", "-", "κB", "in", "the", "embryonic", "response", "to", "the", "anti", "-", "cancer", "drug", "Doxorubicin", "(", "DOX", ")", ".", "Thus", ",", "exposure", "of", "p65", "knockout", "(", "p65(-/-", ")", ")", "or", "wild", "type", "(", "WT", ")", "mouse", "embryonic", "fibroblasts", "(", "MEFs", ")", "to", "DOX", "resulted", "in", "a", "decrease", "in", "cell", "survival", ",", "culture", "density", "and", "cell", "proliferation", ",", "which", "was", "found", "to", "be", "more", "prominent", "in", "p65(-/-", ")", "MEFs", ".", "Those", "phenomena", "were", "accompanied", "by", "a", "DOX", "-", "induced", "increase", "in", "the", "proportion", "of", "apoptotic", "cells", ",", "which", "was", "demonstrated", "only", "in", "p65(-/-", ")", "cells", "and", "a", "G2", "/", "M", "arrest", ",", "which", "was", "found", "to", "be", "more", "prominent", "in", "WT", "cells", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "DOX", "-", "treated", "WT", "and", "p65(-/-", ")", "MEFs", "differed", "in", "their", "expression", "of", "various", "apoptosis", "-", "associated", "molecules", ",", "when", "the", "former", "demonstrated", "a", "decrease", "in", "the", "percentage", "of", "p65-positive", "and", "a", "more", "prominent", "decrease", "in", "the", "percentage", "of", "p53-positive", "cells", ",", "while", "a", "decreased", "percentage", "of", "IκBα", "-", "positive", "and", "a", "more", "prominent", "decrease", "in", "the", "percentage", "of", "bcl-2-positive", "cells", "was", "detected", "among", "the", "latter", ".", "The", "fact", "that", "the", "response", "of", "the", "cells", "to", "the", "teratogen", "was", "clearly", "p65-dependent", "implicates", "this", "molecule", "to", "be", "involved", "in", "the", "response", "of", "the", "embryonic", "cells", "to", "DOX", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
TLCO is an intervention	342_task0	Sentence: Since the results were essentially identical between the techniques , it seems that comparable pathophysiological factors affect TLCO during breath holding and constant exhalation . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: intervention	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-intervention", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Since the results were essentially identical between the techniques , it seems that comparable pathophysiological factors affect TLCO during breath holding and constant exhalation .	[ "Since", "the", "results", "were", "essentially", "identical", "between", "the", "techniques", ",", "it", "seems", "that", "comparable", "pathophysiological", "factors", "affect", "TLCO", "during", "breath", "holding", "and", "constant", "exhalation", "." ]	[ "intervention" ]
TLCO is an intervention	342_task1	Sentence: Since the results were essentially identical between the techniques , it seems that comparable pathophysiological factors affect TLCO during breath holding and constant exhalation . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: TLCO Options: intervention	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-intervention", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Since the results were essentially identical between the techniques , it seems that comparable pathophysiological factors affect TLCO during breath holding and constant exhalation .	[ "Since", "the", "results", "were", "essentially", "identical", "between", "the", "techniques", ",", "it", "seems", "that", "comparable", "pathophysiological", "factors", "affect", "TLCO", "during", "breath", "holding", "and", "constant", "exhalation", "." ]	[ "intervention" ]
TLCO	342_task2	Sentence: Since the results were essentially identical between the techniques , it seems that comparable pathophysiological factors affect TLCO during breath holding and constant exhalation . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-intervention", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Since the results were essentially identical between the techniques , it seems that comparable pathophysiological factors affect TLCO during breath holding and constant exhalation .	[ "Since", "the", "results", "were", "essentially", "identical", "between", "the", "techniques", ",", "it", "seems", "that", "comparable", "pathophysiological", "factors", "affect", "TLCO", "during", "breath", "holding", "and", "constant", "exhalation", "." ]	[ "intervention" ]
paroxetine is a CHEMICAL	23602985_task0	Sentence: Chronic social stress during adolescence: Interplay of paroxetine treatment and ageing. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Chronic social stress during adolescence: Interplay of paroxetine treatment and ageing.	[ "Chronic", "social", "stress", "during", "adolescence", ":", "Interplay", "of", "paroxetine", "treatment", "and", "ageing", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
paroxetine is a CHEMICAL	23602985_task1	Sentence: Chronic social stress during adolescence: Interplay of paroxetine treatment and ageing. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: paroxetine Options: CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Chronic social stress during adolescence: Interplay of paroxetine treatment and ageing.	[ "Chronic", "social", "stress", "during", "adolescence", ":", "Interplay", "of", "paroxetine", "treatment", "and", "ageing", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
paroxetine	23602985_task2	Sentence: Chronic social stress during adolescence: Interplay of paroxetine treatment and ageing. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Chronic social stress during adolescence: Interplay of paroxetine treatment and ageing.	[ "Chronic", "social", "stress", "during", "adolescence", ":", "Interplay", "of", "paroxetine", "treatment", "and", "ageing", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
cilostazol is a CHEMICAL, milrinone is a CHEMICAL, cAMP - PDE is a GENE-N, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, calcium is a CHEMICAL	12652111_task0	Sentence: Comparison of the effects of cilostazol and milrinone on cAMP-PDE activity, intracellular cAMP and calcium in the heart. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Comparison of the effects of cilostazol and milrinone on cAMP-PDE activity, intracellular cAMP and calcium in the heart.	[ "Comparison", "of", "the", "effects", "of", "cilostazol", "and", "milrinone", "on", "cAMP", "-", "PDE", "activity", ",", "intracellular", "cAMP", "and", "calcium", "in", "the", "heart", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]
cilostazol is a CHEMICAL, milrinone is a CHEMICAL, cAMP - PDE is a GENE-N, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, calcium is a CHEMICAL	12652111_task1	Sentence: Comparison of the effects of cilostazol and milrinone on cAMP-PDE activity, intracellular cAMP and calcium in the heart. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cilostazol, milrinone, cAMP - PDE, cAMP, calcium Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Comparison of the effects of cilostazol and milrinone on cAMP-PDE activity, intracellular cAMP and calcium in the heart.	[ "Comparison", "of", "the", "effects", "of", "cilostazol", "and", "milrinone", "on", "cAMP", "-", "PDE", "activity", ",", "intracellular", "cAMP", "and", "calcium", "in", "the", "heart", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]
cilostazol, milrinone, cAMP - PDE, cAMP, calcium	12652111_task2	Sentence: Comparison of the effects of cilostazol and milrinone on cAMP-PDE activity, intracellular cAMP and calcium in the heart. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Comparison of the effects of cilostazol and milrinone on cAMP-PDE activity, intracellular cAMP and calcium in the heart.	[ "Comparison", "of", "the", "effects", "of", "cilostazol", "and", "milrinone", "on", "cAMP", "-", "PDE", "activity", ",", "intracellular", "cAMP", "and", "calcium", "in", "the", "heart", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]
attitudes is a Outcome_Mental, intentions is a Outcome_Mental, prospective blood donors is a Participant_Condition, donor recruitment brochure is a Intervention_Educational, blood donor recruitment materials is a Intervention_Educational, motivate donation is a Outcome_Mental, anxiety , attitudes is a Outcome_Mental, perceived ability to cope with donation is a Outcome_Mental, brochures is a Intervention_Educational, standard blood center brochure is a Intervention_Educational, control brochure on healthy eating and exercise is a Intervention_Educational, blood donation anxiety , attitude , self - efficacy , and intention is a Outcome_Mental, attitude , anxiety , self - efficacy , and donation intention is a Outcome_Mental, blood donation recruitment materials is a Outcome_Mental	33874_task0	Sentence: Enhancing attitudes and intentions in prospective blood donors : evaluation of a new donor recruitment brochure . BACKGROUND Although little empiric evidence has been published concerning the efficacy of blood donor recruitment materials , research suggests that simple attempts to enhance knowledge may not be sufficient to motivate donation . In contrast , recent donor motivation studies highlight the importance of anxiety , attitudes , and perceived ability to cope with donation ( i.e. , self-efficacy ) as crucial determinants of donation intention . Therefore , recruitment materials that specifically address these constructs have the potential to outperform traditional educational brochures . STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to read one of three brochures : 1 ) a new brochure addressing common donor concerns and suggesting specific coping strategies , 2 ) a standard blood center brochure , or 3 ) a control brochure on healthy eating and exercise . Standardized questionnaires were completed before and after the brochures to assess change in blood donation anxiety , attitude , self-efficacy , and intention . RESULTS Although no significant changes were noted for the control brochure , after reading the new brochure participants reported significant improvements in attitude , anxiety , self-efficacy , and donation intention . The standard donation brochure had an intermediate effect . CONCLUSION Efforts to address common donor fears and to provide useful coping suggestions may improve the effectiveness of blood donation recruitment materials . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Educational, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Mental	[ "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O" ]	Enhancing attitudes and intentions in prospective blood donors : evaluation of a new donor recruitment brochure . BACKGROUND Although little empiric evidence has been published concerning the efficacy of blood donor recruitment materials , research suggests that simple attempts to enhance knowledge may not be sufficient to motivate donation . In contrast , recent donor motivation studies highlight the importance of anxiety , attitudes , and perceived ability to cope with donation ( i.e. , self-efficacy ) as crucial determinants of donation intention . Therefore , recruitment materials that specifically address these constructs have the potential to outperform traditional educational brochures . STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to read one of three brochures : 1 ) a new brochure addressing common donor concerns and suggesting specific coping strategies , 2 ) a standard blood center brochure , or 3 ) a control brochure on healthy eating and exercise . Standardized questionnaires were completed before and after the brochures to assess change in blood donation anxiety , attitude , self-efficacy , and intention . RESULTS Although no significant changes were noted for the control brochure , after reading the new brochure participants reported significant improvements in attitude , anxiety , self-efficacy , and donation intention . The standard donation brochure had an intermediate effect . CONCLUSION Efforts to address common donor fears and to provide useful coping suggestions may improve the effectiveness of blood donation recruitment materials .	[ "Enhancing", "attitudes", "and", "intentions", "in", "prospective", "blood", "donors", ":", "evaluation", "of", "a", "new", "donor", "recruitment", "brochure", ".", "BACKGROUND", "Although", "little", "empiric", "evidence", "has", "been", "published", "concerning", "the", "efficacy", "of", "blood", "donor", "recruitment", "materials", ",", "research", "suggests", "that", "simple", "attempts", "to", "enhance", "knowledge", "may", "not", "be", "sufficient", "to", "motivate", "donation", ".", "In", "contrast", ",", "recent", "donor", "motivation", "studies", "highlight", "the", "importance", "of", "anxiety", ",", "attitudes", ",", "and", "perceived", "ability", "to", "cope", "with", "donation", "(", "i.e", ".", ",", "self", "-", "efficacy", ")", "as", "crucial", "determinants", "of", "donation", "intention", ".", "Therefore", ",", "recruitment", "materials", "that", "specifically", "address", "these", "constructs", "have", "the", "potential", "to", "outperform", "traditional", "educational", "brochures", ".", "STUDY", "DESIGN", "AND", "METHODS", "Participants", "were", "randomly", "assigned", "to", "read", "one", "of", "three", "brochures", ":", "1", ")", "a", "new", "brochure", "addressing", "common", "donor", "concerns", "and", "suggesting", "specific", "coping", "strategies", ",", "2", ")", "a", "standard", "blood", "center", "brochure", ",", "or", "3", ")", "a", "control", "brochure", "on", "healthy", "eating", "and", "exercise", ".", "Standardized", "questionnaires", "were", "completed", "before", "and", "after", "the", "brochures", "to", "assess", "change", "in", "blood", "donation", "anxiety", ",", "attitude", ",", "self", "-", "efficacy", ",", "and", "intention", ".", "RESULTS", "Although", "no", "significant", "changes", "were", "noted", "for", "the", "control", "brochure", ",", "after", "reading", "the", "new", "brochure", "participants", "reported", "significant", "improvements", "in", "attitude", ",", "anxiety", ",", "self", "-", "efficacy", ",", "and", "donation", "intention", ".", "The", "standard", "donation", "brochure", "had", "an", "intermediate", "effect", ".", "CONCLUSION", "Efforts", "to", "address", "common", "donor", "fears", "and", "to", "provide", "useful", "coping", "suggestions", "may", "improve", "the", "effectiveness", "of", "blood", "donation", "recruitment", "materials", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Mental", "Intervention_Educational", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control" ]
attitudes is a Outcome_Mental, intentions is a Outcome_Mental, prospective blood donors is a Participant_Condition, donor recruitment brochure is a Intervention_Educational, blood donor recruitment materials is a Intervention_Educational, motivate donation is a Outcome_Mental, anxiety , attitudes is a Outcome_Mental, perceived ability to cope with donation is a Outcome_Mental, brochures is a Intervention_Educational, standard blood center brochure is a Intervention_Educational, control brochure on healthy eating and exercise is a Intervention_Educational, blood donation anxiety , attitude , self - efficacy , and intention is a Outcome_Mental, attitude , anxiety , self - efficacy , and donation intention is a Outcome_Mental, blood donation recruitment materials is a Outcome_Mental	33874_task1	Sentence: Enhancing attitudes and intentions in prospective blood donors : evaluation of a new donor recruitment brochure . BACKGROUND Although little empiric evidence has been published concerning the efficacy of blood donor recruitment materials , research suggests that simple attempts to enhance knowledge may not be sufficient to motivate donation . In contrast , recent donor motivation studies highlight the importance of anxiety , attitudes , and perceived ability to cope with donation ( i.e. , self-efficacy ) as crucial determinants of donation intention . Therefore , recruitment materials that specifically address these constructs have the potential to outperform traditional educational brochures . STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to read one of three brochures : 1 ) a new brochure addressing common donor concerns and suggesting specific coping strategies , 2 ) a standard blood center brochure , or 3 ) a control brochure on healthy eating and exercise . Standardized questionnaires were completed before and after the brochures to assess change in blood donation anxiety , attitude , self-efficacy , and intention . RESULTS Although no significant changes were noted for the control brochure , after reading the new brochure participants reported significant improvements in attitude , anxiety , self-efficacy , and donation intention . The standard donation brochure had an intermediate effect . CONCLUSION Efforts to address common donor fears and to provide useful coping suggestions may improve the effectiveness of blood donation recruitment materials . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: attitudes, intentions, prospective blood donors, donor recruitment brochure, blood donor recruitment materials, motivate donation, anxiety , attitudes, perceived ability to cope with donation, brochures, standard blood center brochure, control brochure on healthy eating and exercise, blood donation anxiety , attitude , self - efficacy , and intention, attitude , anxiety , self - efficacy , and donation intention, blood donation recruitment materials Options: Intervention_Educational, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Mental	[ "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O" ]	Enhancing attitudes and intentions in prospective blood donors : evaluation of a new donor recruitment brochure . BACKGROUND Although little empiric evidence has been published concerning the efficacy of blood donor recruitment materials , research suggests that simple attempts to enhance knowledge may not be sufficient to motivate donation . In contrast , recent donor motivation studies highlight the importance of anxiety , attitudes , and perceived ability to cope with donation ( i.e. , self-efficacy ) as crucial determinants of donation intention . Therefore , recruitment materials that specifically address these constructs have the potential to outperform traditional educational brochures . STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to read one of three brochures : 1 ) a new brochure addressing common donor concerns and suggesting specific coping strategies , 2 ) a standard blood center brochure , or 3 ) a control brochure on healthy eating and exercise . Standardized questionnaires were completed before and after the brochures to assess change in blood donation anxiety , attitude , self-efficacy , and intention . RESULTS Although no significant changes were noted for the control brochure , after reading the new brochure participants reported significant improvements in attitude , anxiety , self-efficacy , and donation intention . The standard donation brochure had an intermediate effect . CONCLUSION Efforts to address common donor fears and to provide useful coping suggestions may improve the effectiveness of blood donation recruitment materials .	[ "Enhancing", "attitudes", "and", "intentions", "in", "prospective", "blood", "donors", ":", "evaluation", "of", "a", "new", "donor", "recruitment", "brochure", ".", "BACKGROUND", "Although", "little", "empiric", "evidence", "has", "been", "published", "concerning", "the", "efficacy", "of", "blood", "donor", "recruitment", "materials", ",", "research", "suggests", "that", "simple", "attempts", "to", "enhance", "knowledge", "may", "not", "be", "sufficient", "to", "motivate", "donation", ".", "In", "contrast", ",", "recent", "donor", "motivation", "studies", "highlight", "the", "importance", "of", "anxiety", ",", "attitudes", ",", "and", "perceived", "ability", "to", "cope", "with", "donation", "(", "i.e", ".", ",", "self", "-", "efficacy", ")", "as", "crucial", "determinants", "of", "donation", "intention", ".", "Therefore", ",", "recruitment", "materials", "that", "specifically", "address", "these", "constructs", "have", "the", "potential", "to", "outperform", "traditional", "educational", "brochures", ".", "STUDY", "DESIGN", "AND", "METHODS", "Participants", "were", "randomly", "assigned", "to", "read", "one", "of", "three", "brochures", ":", "1", ")", "a", "new", "brochure", "addressing", "common", "donor", "concerns", "and", "suggesting", "specific", "coping", "strategies", ",", "2", ")", "a", "standard", "blood", "center", "brochure", ",", "or", "3", ")", "a", "control", "brochure", "on", "healthy", "eating", "and", "exercise", ".", "Standardized", "questionnaires", "were", "completed", "before", "and", "after", "the", "brochures", "to", "assess", "change", "in", "blood", "donation", "anxiety", ",", "attitude", ",", "self", "-", "efficacy", ",", "and", "intention", ".", "RESULTS", "Although", "no", "significant", "changes", "were", "noted", "for", "the", "control", "brochure", ",", "after", "reading", "the", "new", "brochure", "participants", "reported", "significant", "improvements", "in", "attitude", ",", "anxiety", ",", "self", "-", "efficacy", ",", "and", "donation", "intention", ".", "The", "standard", "donation", "brochure", "had", "an", "intermediate", "effect", ".", "CONCLUSION", "Efforts", "to", "address", "common", "donor", "fears", "and", "to", "provide", "useful", "coping", "suggestions", "may", "improve", "the", "effectiveness", "of", "blood", "donation", "recruitment", "materials", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Mental", "Intervention_Educational", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control" ]
attitudes, intentions, prospective blood donors, donor recruitment brochure, blood donor recruitment materials, motivate donation, anxiety , attitudes, perceived ability to cope with donation, brochures, standard blood center brochure, control brochure on healthy eating and exercise, blood donation anxiety , attitude , self - efficacy , and intention, attitude , anxiety , self - efficacy , and donation intention, blood donation recruitment materials	33874_task2	Sentence: Enhancing attitudes and intentions in prospective blood donors : evaluation of a new donor recruitment brochure . BACKGROUND Although little empiric evidence has been published concerning the efficacy of blood donor recruitment materials , research suggests that simple attempts to enhance knowledge may not be sufficient to motivate donation . In contrast , recent donor motivation studies highlight the importance of anxiety , attitudes , and perceived ability to cope with donation ( i.e. , self-efficacy ) as crucial determinants of donation intention . Therefore , recruitment materials that specifically address these constructs have the potential to outperform traditional educational brochures . STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to read one of three brochures : 1 ) a new brochure addressing common donor concerns and suggesting specific coping strategies , 2 ) a standard blood center brochure , or 3 ) a control brochure on healthy eating and exercise . Standardized questionnaires were completed before and after the brochures to assess change in blood donation anxiety , attitude , self-efficacy , and intention . RESULTS Although no significant changes were noted for the control brochure , after reading the new brochure participants reported significant improvements in attitude , anxiety , self-efficacy , and donation intention . The standard donation brochure had an intermediate effect . CONCLUSION Efforts to address common donor fears and to provide useful coping suggestions may improve the effectiveness of blood donation recruitment materials . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O" ]	Enhancing attitudes and intentions in prospective blood donors : evaluation of a new donor recruitment brochure . BACKGROUND Although little empiric evidence has been published concerning the efficacy of blood donor recruitment materials , research suggests that simple attempts to enhance knowledge may not be sufficient to motivate donation . In contrast , recent donor motivation studies highlight the importance of anxiety , attitudes , and perceived ability to cope with donation ( i.e. , self-efficacy ) as crucial determinants of donation intention . Therefore , recruitment materials that specifically address these constructs have the potential to outperform traditional educational brochures . STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to read one of three brochures : 1 ) a new brochure addressing common donor concerns and suggesting specific coping strategies , 2 ) a standard blood center brochure , or 3 ) a control brochure on healthy eating and exercise . Standardized questionnaires were completed before and after the brochures to assess change in blood donation anxiety , attitude , self-efficacy , and intention . RESULTS Although no significant changes were noted for the control brochure , after reading the new brochure participants reported significant improvements in attitude , anxiety , self-efficacy , and donation intention . The standard donation brochure had an intermediate effect . CONCLUSION Efforts to address common donor fears and to provide useful coping suggestions may improve the effectiveness of blood donation recruitment materials .	[ "Enhancing", "attitudes", "and", "intentions", "in", "prospective", "blood", "donors", ":", "evaluation", "of", "a", "new", "donor", "recruitment", "brochure", ".", "BACKGROUND", "Although", "little", "empiric", "evidence", "has", "been", "published", "concerning", "the", "efficacy", "of", "blood", "donor", "recruitment", "materials", ",", "research", "suggests", "that", "simple", "attempts", "to", "enhance", "knowledge", "may", "not", "be", "sufficient", "to", "motivate", "donation", ".", "In", "contrast", ",", "recent", "donor", "motivation", "studies", "highlight", "the", "importance", "of", "anxiety", ",", "attitudes", ",", "and", "perceived", "ability", "to", "cope", "with", "donation", "(", "i.e", ".", ",", "self", "-", "efficacy", ")", "as", "crucial", "determinants", "of", "donation", "intention", ".", "Therefore", ",", "recruitment", "materials", "that", "specifically", "address", "these", "constructs", "have", "the", "potential", "to", "outperform", "traditional", "educational", "brochures", ".", "STUDY", "DESIGN", "AND", "METHODS", "Participants", "were", "randomly", "assigned", "to", "read", "one", "of", "three", "brochures", ":", "1", ")", "a", "new", "brochure", "addressing", "common", "donor", "concerns", "and", "suggesting", "specific", "coping", "strategies", ",", "2", ")", "a", "standard", "blood", "center", "brochure", ",", "or", "3", ")", "a", "control", "brochure", "on", "healthy", "eating", "and", "exercise", ".", "Standardized", "questionnaires", "were", "completed", "before", "and", "after", "the", "brochures", "to", "assess", "change", "in", "blood", "donation", "anxiety", ",", "attitude", ",", "self", "-", "efficacy", ",", "and", "intention", ".", "RESULTS", "Although", "no", "significant", "changes", "were", "noted", "for", "the", "control", "brochure", ",", "after", "reading", "the", "new", "brochure", "participants", "reported", "significant", "improvements", "in", "attitude", ",", "anxiety", ",", "self", "-", "efficacy", ",", "and", "donation", "intention", ".", "The", "standard", "donation", "brochure", "had", "an", "intermediate", "effect", ".", "CONCLUSION", "Efforts", "to", "address", "common", "donor", "fears", "and", "to", "provide", "useful", "coping", "suggestions", "may", "improve", "the", "effectiveness", "of", "blood", "donation", "recruitment", "materials", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Mental", "Intervention_Educational", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control" ]
parent - implemented imitation intervention is a Intervention_Educational, spontaneous imitation skills is a Outcome_Mental, young children is a Participant_Age, autism is a Participant_Condition, Children is a Participant_Age, spontaneously imitate is a Outcome_Mental, play actions and descriptive gestures is a Outcome_Mental, Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ) is a Intervention_Educational, effectiveness is a Outcome_Other, three is a Participant_Sample-size, learned is a Outcome_Mental	25956_task0	Sentence: The effect of a parent-implemented imitation intervention on spontaneous imitation skills in young children with autism . Children with autism exhibit significant deficits in their ability to spontaneously imitate the play actions and descriptive gestures of others . Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ) is a naturalistic imitation intervention designed to teach spontaneous imitation skills during play . This study assessed the effectiveness of parent-implemented RIT using a multiple-baseline design across three young children with autism and their mothers . After an initial baseline , mothers were taught to implement RIT techniques with their child twice a week for 10 weeks in a clinic setting . Two mothers were taught to use RIT to teach object imitation . The third mother was taught to use RIT to target both object and gesture imitation in a multiple-baseline design across behaviors . Generalization was assessed in the families ' homes at the end of treatment and a 1-month follow-up . Parents learned to use the intervention strategies and their children exhibited increases in spontaneous imitation . These findings replicate the results from previous studies , indicating that RIT is effective for teaching imitation skills to young children with autism in a naturalistic setting and extend the findings to parents . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Participant_Condition, Intervention_Educational, Participant_Age, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other, Outcome_Mental	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The effect of a parent-implemented imitation intervention on spontaneous imitation skills in young children with autism . Children with autism exhibit significant deficits in their ability to spontaneously imitate the play actions and descriptive gestures of others . Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ) is a naturalistic imitation intervention designed to teach spontaneous imitation skills during play . This study assessed the effectiveness of parent-implemented RIT using a multiple-baseline design across three young children with autism and their mothers . After an initial baseline , mothers were taught to implement RIT techniques with their child twice a week for 10 weeks in a clinic setting . Two mothers were taught to use RIT to teach object imitation . The third mother was taught to use RIT to target both object and gesture imitation in a multiple-baseline design across behaviors . Generalization was assessed in the families ' homes at the end of treatment and a 1-month follow-up . Parents learned to use the intervention strategies and their children exhibited increases in spontaneous imitation . These findings replicate the results from previous studies , indicating that RIT is effective for teaching imitation skills to young children with autism in a naturalistic setting and extend the findings to parents .	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parent - implemented imitation intervention is a Intervention_Educational, spontaneous imitation skills is a Outcome_Mental, young children is a Participant_Age, autism is a Participant_Condition, Children is a Participant_Age, spontaneously imitate is a Outcome_Mental, play actions and descriptive gestures is a Outcome_Mental, Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ) is a Intervention_Educational, effectiveness is a Outcome_Other, three is a Participant_Sample-size, learned is a Outcome_Mental	25956_task1	Sentence: The effect of a parent-implemented imitation intervention on spontaneous imitation skills in young children with autism . Children with autism exhibit significant deficits in their ability to spontaneously imitate the play actions and descriptive gestures of others . Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ) is a naturalistic imitation intervention designed to teach spontaneous imitation skills during play . This study assessed the effectiveness of parent-implemented RIT using a multiple-baseline design across three young children with autism and their mothers . After an initial baseline , mothers were taught to implement RIT techniques with their child twice a week for 10 weeks in a clinic setting . Two mothers were taught to use RIT to teach object imitation . The third mother was taught to use RIT to target both object and gesture imitation in a multiple-baseline design across behaviors . Generalization was assessed in the families ' homes at the end of treatment and a 1-month follow-up . Parents learned to use the intervention strategies and their children exhibited increases in spontaneous imitation . These findings replicate the results from previous studies , indicating that RIT is effective for teaching imitation skills to young children with autism in a naturalistic setting and extend the findings to parents . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: parent - implemented imitation intervention, spontaneous imitation skills, young children, autism, Children, spontaneously imitate, play actions and descriptive gestures, Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ), effectiveness, three, learned Options: Participant_Condition, Intervention_Educational, Participant_Age, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other, Outcome_Mental	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The effect of a parent-implemented imitation intervention on spontaneous imitation skills in young children with autism . Children with autism exhibit significant deficits in their ability to spontaneously imitate the play actions and descriptive gestures of others . Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ) is a naturalistic imitation intervention designed to teach spontaneous imitation skills during play . This study assessed the effectiveness of parent-implemented RIT using a multiple-baseline design across three young children with autism and their mothers . After an initial baseline , mothers were taught to implement RIT techniques with their child twice a week for 10 weeks in a clinic setting . Two mothers were taught to use RIT to teach object imitation . The third mother was taught to use RIT to target both object and gesture imitation in a multiple-baseline design across behaviors . Generalization was assessed in the families ' homes at the end of treatment and a 1-month follow-up . Parents learned to use the intervention strategies and their children exhibited increases in spontaneous imitation . These findings replicate the results from previous studies , indicating that RIT is effective for teaching imitation skills to young children with autism in a naturalistic setting and extend the findings to parents .	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parent - implemented imitation intervention, spontaneous imitation skills, young children, autism, Children, spontaneously imitate, play actions and descriptive gestures, Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ), effectiveness, three, learned	25956_task2	Sentence: The effect of a parent-implemented imitation intervention on spontaneous imitation skills in young children with autism . Children with autism exhibit significant deficits in their ability to spontaneously imitate the play actions and descriptive gestures of others . Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ) is a naturalistic imitation intervention designed to teach spontaneous imitation skills during play . This study assessed the effectiveness of parent-implemented RIT using a multiple-baseline design across three young children with autism and their mothers . After an initial baseline , mothers were taught to implement RIT techniques with their child twice a week for 10 weeks in a clinic setting . Two mothers were taught to use RIT to teach object imitation . The third mother was taught to use RIT to target both object and gesture imitation in a multiple-baseline design across behaviors . Generalization was assessed in the families ' homes at the end of treatment and a 1-month follow-up . Parents learned to use the intervention strategies and their children exhibited increases in spontaneous imitation . These findings replicate the results from previous studies , indicating that RIT is effective for teaching imitation skills to young children with autism in a naturalistic setting and extend the findings to parents . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The effect of a parent-implemented imitation intervention on spontaneous imitation skills in young children with autism . Children with autism exhibit significant deficits in their ability to spontaneously imitate the play actions and descriptive gestures of others . Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ) is a naturalistic imitation intervention designed to teach spontaneous imitation skills during play . This study assessed the effectiveness of parent-implemented RIT using a multiple-baseline design across three young children with autism and their mothers . After an initial baseline , mothers were taught to implement RIT techniques with their child twice a week for 10 weeks in a clinic setting . Two mothers were taught to use RIT to teach object imitation . The third mother was taught to use RIT to target both object and gesture imitation in a multiple-baseline design across behaviors . Generalization was assessed in the families ' homes at the end of treatment and a 1-month follow-up . Parents learned to use the intervention strategies and their children exhibited increases in spontaneous imitation . These findings replicate the results from previous studies , indicating that RIT is effective for teaching imitation skills to young children with autism in a naturalistic setting and extend the findings to parents .	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Naltrexone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, young children is a Participant_Age, with autism . is a Participant_Condition, naltrexone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Twenty - four is a Participant_Sample-size, placebo is a Intervention_Control, videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent - child interaction is a Intervention_Educational, median number of words the child produced is a Outcome_Mental, median proportion of utterances with echolalia is a Outcome_Mental, children or parents ' communication is a Outcome_Mental, child ' s number of words is a Outcome_Mental, developmental quotient is a Outcome_Mental	828_task0	Sentence: Naltrexone and communication skills in young children with autism . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of naltrexone on communication skills of young children with autism . METHOD Twenty-four children with autism , 3.0 to 8.3 years old ( mean 5.1 ) who were living at home and attending appropriate school programs , participated in a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover trial . Naltrexone , 1.0 mg/kg , or placebo was administered daily for 2 weeks . Communication was evaluated from videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent-child interaction . Child and parent language were assessed using similar measures . RESULTS In this heterogeneous sample , the median number of words the child produced on placebo was 9.5 ( range 0-124 ) . The median proportion of utterances with echolalia was 0.16 . No differences were found between the naltrexone and placebo conditions in any of the measures of children or parents ' communication . Significant correlations were found between the child 's number of words and developmental quotient ( Spearman rho = 0.58 , p = .003 ) and between the child 's and parent 's number of words ( rho = 0.55 , p = .005 ) . CONCLUSIONS Previous studies showed that naltrexone was associated with modest reduction in hyperactivity and restlessness in this group of children with autism . In this short-term study , the medication did not lead to improvement in communication , a core deficit of autism . 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OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of naltrexone on communication skills of young children with autism . METHOD Twenty-four children with autism , 3.0 to 8.3 years old ( mean 5.1 ) who were living at home and attending appropriate school programs , participated in a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover trial . Naltrexone , 1.0 mg/kg , or placebo was administered daily for 2 weeks . Communication was evaluated from videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent-child interaction . Child and parent language were assessed using similar measures . RESULTS In this heterogeneous sample , the median number of words the child produced on placebo was 9.5 ( range 0-124 ) . The median proportion of utterances with echolalia was 0.16 . No differences were found between the naltrexone and placebo conditions in any of the measures of children or parents ' communication . Significant correlations were found between the child 's number of words and developmental quotient ( Spearman rho = 0.58 , p = .003 ) and between the child 's and parent 's number of words ( rho = 0.55 , p = .005 ) . CONCLUSIONS Previous studies showed that naltrexone was associated with modest reduction in hyperactivity and restlessness in this group of children with autism . In this short-term study , the medication did not lead to improvement in communication , a core deficit of autism .	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Naltrexone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, young children is a Participant_Age, with autism . is a Participant_Condition, naltrexone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Twenty - four is a Participant_Sample-size, placebo is a Intervention_Control, videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent - child interaction is a Intervention_Educational, median number of words the child produced is a Outcome_Mental, median proportion of utterances with echolalia is a Outcome_Mental, children or parents ' communication is a Outcome_Mental, child ' s number of words is a Outcome_Mental, developmental quotient is a Outcome_Mental	828_task1	Sentence: Naltrexone and communication skills in young children with autism . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of naltrexone on communication skills of young children with autism . METHOD Twenty-four children with autism , 3.0 to 8.3 years old ( mean 5.1 ) who were living at home and attending appropriate school programs , participated in a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover trial . Naltrexone , 1.0 mg/kg , or placebo was administered daily for 2 weeks . Communication was evaluated from videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent-child interaction . Child and parent language were assessed using similar measures . RESULTS In this heterogeneous sample , the median number of words the child produced on placebo was 9.5 ( range 0-124 ) . The median proportion of utterances with echolalia was 0.16 . No differences were found between the naltrexone and placebo conditions in any of the measures of children or parents ' communication . Significant correlations were found between the child 's number of words and developmental quotient ( Spearman rho = 0.58 , p = .003 ) and between the child 's and parent 's number of words ( rho = 0.55 , p = .005 ) . CONCLUSIONS Previous studies showed that naltrexone was associated with modest reduction in hyperactivity and restlessness in this group of children with autism . In this short-term study , the medication did not lead to improvement in communication , a core deficit of autism . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Naltrexone, young children, with autism ., naltrexone, Twenty - four, placebo, videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent - child interaction, median number of words the child produced, median proportion of utterances with echolalia, children or parents ' communication, child ' s number of words, developmental quotient Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Educational, Participant_Age, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Mental	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Naltrexone and communication skills in young children with autism . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of naltrexone on communication skills of young children with autism . METHOD Twenty-four children with autism , 3.0 to 8.3 years old ( mean 5.1 ) who were living at home and attending appropriate school programs , participated in a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover trial . Naltrexone , 1.0 mg/kg , or placebo was administered daily for 2 weeks . Communication was evaluated from videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent-child interaction . Child and parent language were assessed using similar measures . RESULTS In this heterogeneous sample , the median number of words the child produced on placebo was 9.5 ( range 0-124 ) . The median proportion of utterances with echolalia was 0.16 . No differences were found between the naltrexone and placebo conditions in any of the measures of children or parents ' communication . Significant correlations were found between the child 's number of words and developmental quotient ( Spearman rho = 0.58 , p = .003 ) and between the child 's and parent 's number of words ( rho = 0.55 , p = .005 ) . CONCLUSIONS Previous studies showed that naltrexone was associated with modest reduction in hyperactivity and restlessness in this group of children with autism . In this short-term study , the medication did not lead to improvement in communication , a core deficit of autism .	[ "Naltrexone", "and", "communication", "skills", "in", "young", "children", "with", "autism", ".", "OBJECTIVE", "To", "evaluate", "the", "effect", "of", "naltrexone", "on", "communication", "skills", "of", "young", "children", "with", "autism", ".", "METHOD", "Twenty", "-", "four", "children", "with", "autism", ",", "3.0", "to", "8.3", "years", "old", "(", "mean", "5.1", ")", "who", "were", "living", "at", "home", "and", "attending", "appropriate", "school", "programs", ",", "participated", "in", "a", "randomized", ",", "double", "-", "blind", ",", "placebo", "-", "controlled", ",", "crossover", "trial", ".", "Naltrexone", ",", "1.0", "mg", "/", "kg", ",", "or", "placebo", "was", "administered", "daily", "for", "2", "weeks", ".", "Communication", "was", "evaluated", "from", "videotaped", "samples", "of", "seminaturalistic", "parent", "-", "child", "interaction", ".", "Child", "and", "parent", "language", "were", "assessed", "using", "similar", "measures", ".", "RESULTS", "In", "this", "heterogeneous", "sample", ",", "the", "median", "number", "of", "words", "the", "child", "produced", "on", "placebo", "was", "9.5", "(", "range", "0", "-", "124", ")", ".", "The", "median", "proportion", "of", "utterances", "with", "echolalia", "was", "0.16", ".", "No", "differences", "were", "found", "between", "the", "naltrexone", "and", "placebo", "conditions", "in", "any", "of", "the", "measures", "of", "children", "or", "parents", "'", "communication", ".", "Significant", "correlations", "were", "found", "between", "the", "child", "'", "s", "number", "of", "words", "and", "developmental", "quotient", "(", "Spearman", "rho", "=", "0.58", ",", "p", "=", ".003", ")", "and", "between", "the", "child", "'", "s", "and", "parent", "'", "s", "number", "of", "words", "(", "rho", "=", "0.55", ",", "p", "=", ".005", ")", ".", "CONCLUSIONS", "Previous", "studies", "showed", "that", "naltrexone", "was", "associated", "with", "modest", "reduction", "in", "hyperactivity", "and", "restlessness", "in", "this", "group", "of", "children", "with", "autism", ".", "In", "this", "short", "-", "term", "study", ",", "the", "medication", "did", "not", "lead", "to", "improvement", "in", "communication", ",", "a", "core", "deficit", "of", "autism", "." ]	[ "Intervention_Educational", "Outcome_Mental", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Intervention_Control" ]
Naltrexone, young children, with autism ., naltrexone, Twenty - four, placebo, videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent - child interaction, median number of words the child produced, median proportion of utterances with echolalia, children or parents ' communication, child ' s number of words, developmental quotient	828_task2	Sentence: Naltrexone and communication skills in young children with autism . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of naltrexone on communication skills of young children with autism . METHOD Twenty-four children with autism , 3.0 to 8.3 years old ( mean 5.1 ) who were living at home and attending appropriate school programs , participated in a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover trial . Naltrexone , 1.0 mg/kg , or placebo was administered daily for 2 weeks . Communication was evaluated from videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent-child interaction . Child and parent language were assessed using similar measures . RESULTS In this heterogeneous sample , the median number of words the child produced on placebo was 9.5 ( range 0-124 ) . The median proportion of utterances with echolalia was 0.16 . No differences were found between the naltrexone and placebo conditions in any of the measures of children or parents ' communication . Significant correlations were found between the child 's number of words and developmental quotient ( Spearman rho = 0.58 , p = .003 ) and between the child 's and parent 's number of words ( rho = 0.55 , p = .005 ) . CONCLUSIONS Previous studies showed that naltrexone was associated with modest reduction in hyperactivity and restlessness in this group of children with autism . In this short-term study , the medication did not lead to improvement in communication , a core deficit of autism . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Naltrexone and communication skills in young children with autism . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of naltrexone on communication skills of young children with autism . METHOD Twenty-four children with autism , 3.0 to 8.3 years old ( mean 5.1 ) who were living at home and attending appropriate school programs , participated in a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover trial . Naltrexone , 1.0 mg/kg , or placebo was administered daily for 2 weeks . Communication was evaluated from videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent-child interaction . Child and parent language were assessed using similar measures . RESULTS In this heterogeneous sample , the median number of words the child produced on placebo was 9.5 ( range 0-124 ) . The median proportion of utterances with echolalia was 0.16 . No differences were found between the naltrexone and placebo conditions in any of the measures of children or parents ' communication . Significant correlations were found between the child 's number of words and developmental quotient ( Spearman rho = 0.58 , p = .003 ) and between the child 's and parent 's number of words ( rho = 0.55 , p = .005 ) . CONCLUSIONS Previous studies showed that naltrexone was associated with modest reduction in hyperactivity and restlessness in this group of children with autism . In this short-term study , the medication did not lead to improvement in communication , a core deficit of autism .	[ "Naltrexone", "and", "communication", "skills", "in", "young", "children", "with", "autism", ".", "OBJECTIVE", "To", "evaluate", "the", "effect", "of", "naltrexone", "on", "communication", "skills", "of", "young", "children", "with", "autism", ".", "METHOD", "Twenty", "-", "four", "children", "with", "autism", ",", "3.0", "to", "8.3", "years", "old", "(", "mean", "5.1", ")", "who", "were", "living", "at", "home", "and", "attending", "appropriate", "school", "programs", ",", "participated", "in", "a", "randomized", ",", "double", "-", "blind", ",", "placebo", "-", "controlled", ",", "crossover", "trial", ".", "Naltrexone", ",", "1.0", "mg", "/", "kg", ",", "or", "placebo", "was", "administered", "daily", "for", "2", "weeks", ".", "Communication", "was", "evaluated", "from", "videotaped", "samples", "of", "seminaturalistic", "parent", "-", "child", "interaction", ".", "Child", "and", "parent", "language", "were", "assessed", "using", "similar", "measures", ".", "RESULTS", "In", "this", "heterogeneous", "sample", ",", "the", "median", "number", "of", "words", "the", "child", "produced", "on", "placebo", "was", "9.5", "(", "range", "0", "-", "124", ")", ".", "The", "median", "proportion", "of", "utterances", "with", "echolalia", "was", "0.16", ".", "No", "differences", "were", "found", "between", "the", "naltrexone", "and", "placebo", "conditions", "in", "any", "of", "the", "measures", "of", "children", "or", "parents", "'", "communication", ".", "Significant", "correlations", "were", "found", "between", "the", "child", "'", "s", "number", "of", "words", "and", "developmental", "quotient", "(", "Spearman", "rho", "=", "0.58", ",", "p", "=", ".003", ")", "and", "between", "the", "child", "'", "s", "and", "parent", "'", "s", "number", "of", "words", "(", "rho", "=", "0.55", ",", "p", "=", ".005", ")", ".", "CONCLUSIONS", "Previous", "studies", "showed", "that", "naltrexone", "was", "associated", "with", "modest", "reduction", "in", "hyperactivity", "and", "restlessness", "in", "this", "group", "of", "children", "with", "autism", ".", "In", "this", "short", "-", "term", "study", ",", "the", "medication", "did", "not", "lead", "to", "improvement", "in", "communication", ",", "a", "core", "deficit", "of", "autism", "." ]	[ "Intervention_Educational", "Outcome_Mental", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Intervention_Control" ]
Diagnosenkriterien is an umlsterm, Gebrauch is an umlsterm, Diagnosenmerkmale is an umlsterm, Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen is an umlsterm, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Diagnose is an umlsterm, Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Diagnose is an umlsterm, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Diagnosen is an umlsterm, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen is an umlsterm, Verwendung is an umlsterm, Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm	DerNervenarzt.90700250.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Der Begriff " Borderline " wird seit langem unscharf verwendet . ICD-10 und DSM-IV geben zwar klare Diagnosenkriterien an , dennoch scheint der Begriff im klinischen Gebrauch nichts von der Unschaerfe der letzten Jahrzehnte verloren zu haben . In unserer Untersuchung konstruierten wir eine Merkmalsliste , die alle Diagnosenmerkmale der Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen und der schizotypen Stoerung der ICD-10 enthielt . Zusaetzlich wurden die Merkmale des DSM-IV fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung , die nicht in der ICD-10 enthalten sind , mit aufgenommen . 800 Psychiater und Psychologen wurden gebeten , aus dieser Merkmalsliste die Merkmale anzugeben , die ihrer Ansicht nach typisch fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung waren . 162 Frageboegen gelangten zur Auswertung . Mit den von den Therapeuten angegebenen Merkmalen stellten wir , der Operationalisierung von ICD-10 und DSM-IV folgend , die Diagnose einer Persoenlichkeitsstoerung oder der schizotypen Stoerung . 92,0% der Therapeuten gaben Merkmale an , die eine Diagnose der Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung nach ICD-10 und 96,3% nach DSM-IV ermoeglichte . Darueber hinaus wurden aber pro Therapeut bis zu 8 weitere Diagnosen gestellt . Dass die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung mit ICD-10 und DSM-IV nicht eindeutig von anderen Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen oder der schizotypen Stoerung zu trennen ist , konnte gezeigt werden und stellt die Verwendung kategorialer Systeme in Frage . Nach unserer Ansicht wuerde eine dimensionale Aufteilung oder Gewichtung der Persoenlichkeitsstoerung untereinander die klinische Realitaet weit besser abbilden . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Der Begriff " Borderline " wird seit langem unscharf verwendet . ICD-10 und DSM-IV geben zwar klare Diagnosenkriterien an , dennoch scheint der Begriff im klinischen Gebrauch nichts von der Unschaerfe der letzten Jahrzehnte verloren zu haben . In unserer Untersuchung konstruierten wir eine Merkmalsliste , die alle Diagnosenmerkmale der Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen und der schizotypen Stoerung der ICD-10 enthielt . Zusaetzlich wurden die Merkmale des DSM-IV fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung , die nicht in der ICD-10 enthalten sind , mit aufgenommen . 800 Psychiater und Psychologen wurden gebeten , aus dieser Merkmalsliste die Merkmale anzugeben , die ihrer Ansicht nach typisch fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung waren . 162 Frageboegen gelangten zur Auswertung . Mit den von den Therapeuten angegebenen Merkmalen stellten wir , der Operationalisierung von ICD-10 und DSM-IV folgend , die Diagnose einer Persoenlichkeitsstoerung oder der schizotypen Stoerung . 92,0% der Therapeuten gaben Merkmale an , die eine Diagnose der Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung nach ICD-10 und 96,3% nach DSM-IV ermoeglichte . Darueber hinaus wurden aber pro Therapeut bis zu 8 weitere Diagnosen gestellt . Dass die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung mit ICD-10 und DSM-IV nicht eindeutig von anderen Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen oder der schizotypen Stoerung zu trennen ist , konnte gezeigt werden und stellt die Verwendung kategorialer Systeme in Frage . Nach unserer Ansicht wuerde eine dimensionale Aufteilung oder Gewichtung der Persoenlichkeitsstoerung untereinander die klinische Realitaet weit besser abbilden .	[ "Der", "Begriff", "\"", "Borderline", "\"", "wird", "seit", "langem", "unscharf", "verwendet", ".", "ICD-10", "und", "DSM", "-", "IV", "geben", "zwar", "klare", "Diagnosenkriterien", "an", ",", "dennoch", "scheint", "der", "Begriff", "im", "klinischen", "Gebrauch", "nichts", "von", "der", "Unschaerfe", "der", "letzten", "Jahrzehnte", "verloren", "zu", "haben", ".", "In", "unserer", "Untersuchung", "konstruierten", "wir", "eine", "Merkmalsliste", ",", "die", "alle", "Diagnosenmerkmale", "der", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen", "und", "der", "schizotypen", "Stoerung", "der", "ICD-10", "enthielt", ".", "Zusaetzlich", "wurden", "die", "Merkmale", "des", "DSM", "-", "IV", "fuer", "die", "Borderline", "-", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", ",", "die", "nicht", "in", "der", "ICD-10", "enthalten", "sind", ",", "mit", "aufgenommen", ".", "800", "Psychiater", "und", "Psychologen", "wurden", "gebeten", ",", "aus", "dieser", "Merkmalsliste", "die", "Merkmale", "anzugeben", ",", "die", "ihrer", "Ansicht", "nach", "typisch", "fuer", "die", "Borderline", "-", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "waren", ".", "162", "Frageboegen", "gelangten", "zur", "Auswertung", ".", "Mit", "den", "von", "den", "Therapeuten", "angegebenen", "Merkmalen", "stellten", "wir", ",", "der", "Operationalisierung", "von", "ICD-10", "und", "DSM", "-", "IV", "folgend", ",", "die", "Diagnose", "einer", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "oder", "der", "schizotypen", "Stoerung", ".", "92,0", "%", "der", "Therapeuten", "gaben", "Merkmale", "an", ",", "die", "eine", "Diagnose", "der", "Borderline", "-", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "nach", "ICD-10", "und", "96,3", "%", "nach", "DSM", "-", "IV", "ermoeglichte", ".", "Darueber", "hinaus", "wurden", "aber", "pro", "Therapeut", "bis", "zu", "8", "weitere", "Diagnosen", "gestellt", ".", "Dass", "die", "Borderline", "-", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "mit", "ICD-10", "und", "DSM", "-", "IV", "nicht", "eindeutig", "von", "anderen", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen", "oder", "der", "schizotypen", "Stoerung", "zu", "trennen", "ist", ",", "konnte", "gezeigt", "werden", "und", "stellt", "die", "Verwendung", "kategorialer", "Systeme", "in", "Frage", ".", "Nach", "unserer", "Ansicht", "wuerde", "eine", "dimensionale", "Aufteilung", "oder", "Gewichtung", "der", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "untereinander", "die", "klinische", "Realitaet", "weit", "besser", "abbilden", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Diagnosenkriterien is an umlsterm, Gebrauch is an umlsterm, Diagnosenmerkmale is an umlsterm, Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen is an umlsterm, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Diagnose is an umlsterm, Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Diagnose is an umlsterm, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Diagnosen is an umlsterm, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen is an umlsterm, Verwendung is an umlsterm, Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm	DerNervenarzt.90700250.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Der Begriff " Borderline " wird seit langem unscharf verwendet . ICD-10 und DSM-IV geben zwar klare Diagnosenkriterien an , dennoch scheint der Begriff im klinischen Gebrauch nichts von der Unschaerfe der letzten Jahrzehnte verloren zu haben . In unserer Untersuchung konstruierten wir eine Merkmalsliste , die alle Diagnosenmerkmale der Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen und der schizotypen Stoerung der ICD-10 enthielt . Zusaetzlich wurden die Merkmale des DSM-IV fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung , die nicht in der ICD-10 enthalten sind , mit aufgenommen . 800 Psychiater und Psychologen wurden gebeten , aus dieser Merkmalsliste die Merkmale anzugeben , die ihrer Ansicht nach typisch fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung waren . 162 Frageboegen gelangten zur Auswertung . Mit den von den Therapeuten angegebenen Merkmalen stellten wir , der Operationalisierung von ICD-10 und DSM-IV folgend , die Diagnose einer Persoenlichkeitsstoerung oder der schizotypen Stoerung . 92,0% der Therapeuten gaben Merkmale an , die eine Diagnose der Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung nach ICD-10 und 96,3% nach DSM-IV ermoeglichte . Darueber hinaus wurden aber pro Therapeut bis zu 8 weitere Diagnosen gestellt . Dass die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung mit ICD-10 und DSM-IV nicht eindeutig von anderen Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen oder der schizotypen Stoerung zu trennen ist , konnte gezeigt werden und stellt die Verwendung kategorialer Systeme in Frage . Nach unserer Ansicht wuerde eine dimensionale Aufteilung oder Gewichtung der Persoenlichkeitsstoerung untereinander die klinische Realitaet weit besser abbilden . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Diagnosenkriterien, Gebrauch, Diagnosenmerkmale, Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Diagnose, Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Diagnose, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Diagnosen, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen, Verwendung, Persoenlichkeitsstoerung Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Der Begriff " Borderline " wird seit langem unscharf verwendet . ICD-10 und DSM-IV geben zwar klare Diagnosenkriterien an , dennoch scheint der Begriff im klinischen Gebrauch nichts von der Unschaerfe der letzten Jahrzehnte verloren zu haben . In unserer Untersuchung konstruierten wir eine Merkmalsliste , die alle Diagnosenmerkmale der Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen und der schizotypen Stoerung der ICD-10 enthielt . Zusaetzlich wurden die Merkmale des DSM-IV fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung , die nicht in der ICD-10 enthalten sind , mit aufgenommen . 800 Psychiater und Psychologen wurden gebeten , aus dieser Merkmalsliste die Merkmale anzugeben , die ihrer Ansicht nach typisch fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung waren . 162 Frageboegen gelangten zur Auswertung . Mit den von den Therapeuten angegebenen Merkmalen stellten wir , der Operationalisierung von ICD-10 und DSM-IV folgend , die Diagnose einer Persoenlichkeitsstoerung oder der schizotypen Stoerung . 92,0% der Therapeuten gaben Merkmale an , die eine Diagnose der Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung nach ICD-10 und 96,3% nach DSM-IV ermoeglichte . Darueber hinaus wurden aber pro Therapeut bis zu 8 weitere Diagnosen gestellt . Dass die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung mit ICD-10 und DSM-IV nicht eindeutig von anderen Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen oder der schizotypen Stoerung zu trennen ist , konnte gezeigt werden und stellt die Verwendung kategorialer Systeme in Frage . Nach unserer Ansicht wuerde eine dimensionale Aufteilung oder Gewichtung der Persoenlichkeitsstoerung untereinander die klinische Realitaet weit besser abbilden .	[ "Der", "Begriff", "\"", "Borderline", "\"", "wird", "seit", "langem", "unscharf", "verwendet", ".", "ICD-10", "und", "DSM", "-", "IV", "geben", "zwar", "klare", "Diagnosenkriterien", "an", ",", "dennoch", "scheint", "der", "Begriff", "im", "klinischen", "Gebrauch", "nichts", "von", "der", "Unschaerfe", "der", "letzten", "Jahrzehnte", "verloren", "zu", "haben", ".", "In", "unserer", "Untersuchung", "konstruierten", "wir", "eine", "Merkmalsliste", ",", "die", "alle", "Diagnosenmerkmale", "der", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen", "und", "der", "schizotypen", "Stoerung", "der", "ICD-10", "enthielt", ".", "Zusaetzlich", "wurden", "die", "Merkmale", "des", "DSM", "-", "IV", "fuer", "die", "Borderline", "-", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", ",", "die", "nicht", "in", "der", "ICD-10", "enthalten", "sind", ",", "mit", "aufgenommen", ".", "800", "Psychiater", "und", "Psychologen", "wurden", "gebeten", ",", "aus", "dieser", "Merkmalsliste", "die", "Merkmale", "anzugeben", ",", "die", "ihrer", "Ansicht", "nach", "typisch", "fuer", "die", "Borderline", "-", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "waren", ".", "162", "Frageboegen", "gelangten", "zur", "Auswertung", ".", "Mit", "den", "von", "den", "Therapeuten", "angegebenen", "Merkmalen", "stellten", "wir", ",", "der", "Operationalisierung", "von", "ICD-10", "und", "DSM", "-", "IV", "folgend", ",", "die", "Diagnose", "einer", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "oder", "der", "schizotypen", "Stoerung", ".", "92,0", "%", "der", "Therapeuten", "gaben", "Merkmale", "an", ",", "die", "eine", "Diagnose", "der", "Borderline", "-", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "nach", "ICD-10", "und", "96,3", "%", "nach", "DSM", "-", "IV", "ermoeglichte", ".", "Darueber", "hinaus", "wurden", "aber", "pro", "Therapeut", "bis", "zu", "8", "weitere", "Diagnosen", "gestellt", ".", "Dass", "die", "Borderline", "-", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "mit", "ICD-10", "und", "DSM", "-", "IV", "nicht", "eindeutig", "von", "anderen", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen", "oder", "der", "schizotypen", "Stoerung", "zu", "trennen", "ist", ",", "konnte", "gezeigt", "werden", "und", "stellt", "die", "Verwendung", "kategorialer", "Systeme", "in", "Frage", ".", "Nach", "unserer", "Ansicht", "wuerde", "eine", "dimensionale", "Aufteilung", "oder", "Gewichtung", "der", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "untereinander", "die", "klinische", "Realitaet", "weit", "besser", "abbilden", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Diagnosenkriterien, Gebrauch, Diagnosenmerkmale, Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Diagnose, Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Diagnose, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Diagnosen, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen, Verwendung, Persoenlichkeitsstoerung	DerNervenarzt.90700250.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Der Begriff " Borderline " wird seit langem unscharf verwendet . ICD-10 und DSM-IV geben zwar klare Diagnosenkriterien an , dennoch scheint der Begriff im klinischen Gebrauch nichts von der Unschaerfe der letzten Jahrzehnte verloren zu haben . In unserer Untersuchung konstruierten wir eine Merkmalsliste , die alle Diagnosenmerkmale der Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen und der schizotypen Stoerung der ICD-10 enthielt . Zusaetzlich wurden die Merkmale des DSM-IV fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung , die nicht in der ICD-10 enthalten sind , mit aufgenommen . 800 Psychiater und Psychologen wurden gebeten , aus dieser Merkmalsliste die Merkmale anzugeben , die ihrer Ansicht nach typisch fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung waren . 162 Frageboegen gelangten zur Auswertung . Mit den von den Therapeuten angegebenen Merkmalen stellten wir , der Operationalisierung von ICD-10 und DSM-IV folgend , die Diagnose einer Persoenlichkeitsstoerung oder der schizotypen Stoerung . 92,0% der Therapeuten gaben Merkmale an , die eine Diagnose der Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung nach ICD-10 und 96,3% nach DSM-IV ermoeglichte . Darueber hinaus wurden aber pro Therapeut bis zu 8 weitere Diagnosen gestellt . Dass die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung mit ICD-10 und DSM-IV nicht eindeutig von anderen Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen oder der schizotypen Stoerung zu trennen ist , konnte gezeigt werden und stellt die Verwendung kategorialer Systeme in Frage . Nach unserer Ansicht wuerde eine dimensionale Aufteilung oder Gewichtung der Persoenlichkeitsstoerung untereinander die klinische Realitaet weit besser abbilden . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Der Begriff " Borderline " wird seit langem unscharf verwendet . ICD-10 und DSM-IV geben zwar klare Diagnosenkriterien an , dennoch scheint der Begriff im klinischen Gebrauch nichts von der Unschaerfe der letzten Jahrzehnte verloren zu haben . In unserer Untersuchung konstruierten wir eine Merkmalsliste , die alle Diagnosenmerkmale der Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen und der schizotypen Stoerung der ICD-10 enthielt . Zusaetzlich wurden die Merkmale des DSM-IV fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung , die nicht in der ICD-10 enthalten sind , mit aufgenommen . 800 Psychiater und Psychologen wurden gebeten , aus dieser Merkmalsliste die Merkmale anzugeben , die ihrer Ansicht nach typisch fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung waren . 162 Frageboegen gelangten zur Auswertung . Mit den von den Therapeuten angegebenen Merkmalen stellten wir , der Operationalisierung von ICD-10 und DSM-IV folgend , die Diagnose einer Persoenlichkeitsstoerung oder der schizotypen Stoerung . 92,0% der Therapeuten gaben Merkmale an , die eine Diagnose der Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung nach ICD-10 und 96,3% nach DSM-IV ermoeglichte . Darueber hinaus wurden aber pro Therapeut bis zu 8 weitere Diagnosen gestellt . Dass die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung mit ICD-10 und DSM-IV nicht eindeutig von anderen Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen oder der schizotypen Stoerung zu trennen ist , konnte gezeigt werden und stellt die Verwendung kategorialer Systeme in Frage . Nach unserer Ansicht wuerde eine dimensionale Aufteilung oder Gewichtung der Persoenlichkeitsstoerung untereinander die klinische Realitaet weit besser abbilden .	[ "Der", "Begriff", "\"", "Borderline", "\"", "wird", "seit", "langem", "unscharf", "verwendet", ".", "ICD-10", "und", "DSM", "-", "IV", "geben", "zwar", "klare", "Diagnosenkriterien", "an", ",", "dennoch", "scheint", "der", "Begriff", "im", "klinischen", "Gebrauch", "nichts", "von", "der", "Unschaerfe", "der", "letzten", "Jahrzehnte", "verloren", "zu", "haben", ".", "In", "unserer", "Untersuchung", "konstruierten", "wir", "eine", "Merkmalsliste", ",", "die", "alle", "Diagnosenmerkmale", "der", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen", "und", "der", "schizotypen", "Stoerung", "der", "ICD-10", "enthielt", ".", "Zusaetzlich", "wurden", "die", "Merkmale", "des", "DSM", "-", "IV", "fuer", "die", "Borderline", "-", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", ",", "die", "nicht", "in", "der", "ICD-10", "enthalten", "sind", ",", "mit", "aufgenommen", ".", "800", "Psychiater", "und", "Psychologen", "wurden", "gebeten", ",", "aus", "dieser", "Merkmalsliste", "die", "Merkmale", "anzugeben", ",", "die", "ihrer", "Ansicht", "nach", "typisch", "fuer", "die", "Borderline", "-", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "waren", ".", "162", "Frageboegen", "gelangten", "zur", "Auswertung", ".", "Mit", "den", "von", "den", "Therapeuten", "angegebenen", "Merkmalen", "stellten", "wir", ",", "der", "Operationalisierung", "von", "ICD-10", "und", "DSM", "-", "IV", "folgend", ",", "die", "Diagnose", "einer", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "oder", "der", "schizotypen", "Stoerung", ".", "92,0", "%", "der", "Therapeuten", "gaben", "Merkmale", "an", ",", "die", "eine", "Diagnose", "der", "Borderline", "-", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "nach", "ICD-10", "und", "96,3", "%", "nach", "DSM", "-", "IV", "ermoeglichte", ".", "Darueber", "hinaus", "wurden", "aber", "pro", "Therapeut", "bis", "zu", "8", "weitere", "Diagnosen", "gestellt", ".", "Dass", "die", "Borderline", "-", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "mit", "ICD-10", "und", "DSM", "-", "IV", "nicht", "eindeutig", "von", "anderen", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen", "oder", "der", "schizotypen", "Stoerung", "zu", "trennen", "ist", ",", "konnte", "gezeigt", "werden", "und", "stellt", "die", "Verwendung", "kategorialer", "Systeme", "in", "Frage", ".", "Nach", "unserer", "Ansicht", "wuerde", "eine", "dimensionale", "Aufteilung", "oder", "Gewichtung", "der", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "untereinander", "die", "klinische", "Realitaet", "weit", "besser", "abbilden", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
HINT1 is a protein, glutamate is a compound, BDNF is a protein, TrkB is a protein, 14 - 3 - 3 protein is a protein, ATP is a compound	DS.d1722_task0	Sentence: Studies in schizophrenia identify robust decreases in genes for GABA function, including glutamic acid decarboxylase, HINT1, glutamate transport and GluRs, BDNF and TrkB, numerous 14-3-3 protein family members, and decreases in genes for CNS synaptic and metabolic functions, particularly glycolysis and ATP generation. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O" ]	Studies in schizophrenia identify robust decreases in genes for GABA function, including glutamic acid decarboxylase, HINT1, glutamate transport and GluRs, BDNF and TrkB, numerous 14-3-3 protein family members, and decreases in genes for CNS synaptic and metabolic functions, particularly glycolysis and ATP generation.	[ "Studies", "in", "schizophrenia", "identify", "robust", "decreases", "in", "genes", "for", "GABA", "function", ",", "including", "glutamic", "acid", "decarboxylase", ",", "HINT1", ",", "glutamate", "transport", "and", "GluRs", ",", "BDNF", "and", "TrkB", ",", "numerous", "14", "-", "3", "-", "3", "protein", "family", "members", ",", "and", "decreases", "in", "genes", "for", "CNS", "synaptic", "and", "metabolic", "functions", ",", "particularly", "glycolysis", "and", "ATP", "generation", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
HINT1 is a protein, glutamate is a compound, BDNF is a protein, TrkB is a protein, 14 - 3 - 3 protein is a protein, ATP is a compound	DS.d1722_task1	Sentence: Studies in schizophrenia identify robust decreases in genes for GABA function, including glutamic acid decarboxylase, HINT1, glutamate transport and GluRs, BDNF and TrkB, numerous 14-3-3 protein family members, and decreases in genes for CNS synaptic and metabolic functions, particularly glycolysis and ATP generation. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: HINT1, glutamate, BDNF, TrkB, 14 - 3 - 3 protein, ATP Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O" ]	Studies in schizophrenia identify robust decreases in genes for GABA function, including glutamic acid decarboxylase, HINT1, glutamate transport and GluRs, BDNF and TrkB, numerous 14-3-3 protein family members, and decreases in genes for CNS synaptic and metabolic functions, particularly glycolysis and ATP generation.	[ "Studies", "in", "schizophrenia", "identify", "robust", "decreases", "in", "genes", "for", "GABA", "function", ",", "including", "glutamic", "acid", "decarboxylase", ",", "HINT1", ",", "glutamate", "transport", "and", "GluRs", ",", "BDNF", "and", "TrkB", ",", "numerous", "14", "-", "3", "-", "3", "protein", "family", "members", ",", "and", "decreases", "in", "genes", "for", "CNS", "synaptic", "and", "metabolic", "functions", ",", "particularly", "glycolysis", "and", "ATP", "generation", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
HINT1, glutamate, BDNF, TrkB, 14 - 3 - 3 protein, ATP	DS.d1722_task2	Sentence: Studies in schizophrenia identify robust decreases in genes for GABA function, including glutamic acid decarboxylase, HINT1, glutamate transport and GluRs, BDNF and TrkB, numerous 14-3-3 protein family members, and decreases in genes for CNS synaptic and metabolic functions, particularly glycolysis and ATP generation. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O" ]	Studies in schizophrenia identify robust decreases in genes for GABA function, including glutamic acid decarboxylase, HINT1, glutamate transport and GluRs, BDNF and TrkB, numerous 14-3-3 protein family members, and decreases in genes for CNS synaptic and metabolic functions, particularly glycolysis and ATP generation.	[ "Studies", "in", "schizophrenia", "identify", "robust", "decreases", "in", "genes", "for", "GABA", "function", ",", "including", "glutamic", "acid", "decarboxylase", ",", "HINT1", ",", "glutamate", "transport", "and", "GluRs", ",", "BDNF", "and", "TrkB", ",", "numerous", "14", "-", "3", "-", "3", "protein", "family", "members", ",", "and", "decreases", "in", "genes", "for", "CNS", "synaptic", "and", "metabolic", "functions", ",", "particularly", "glycolysis", "and", "ATP", "generation", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
histone is a Protein_family_or_group, H3 is a Individual_protein, histone is a Protein_family_or_group, H4 is a Individual_protein	249_task0	Sentence: Double mutants containing N-terminal domain deletions of both histone H3 and histone H4 were inviable. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Individual_protein, Protein_family_or_group	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O" ]	Double mutants containing N-terminal domain deletions of both histone H3 and histone H4 were inviable.	[ "Double", "mutants", "containing", "N", "-", "terminal", "domain", "deletions", "of", "both", "histone", "H3", "and", "histone", "H4", "were", "inviable", "." ]	[ "Protein_family_or_group", "Individual_protein" ]
histone is a Protein_family_or_group, H3 is a Individual_protein, histone is a Protein_family_or_group, H4 is a Individual_protein	249_task1	Sentence: Double mutants containing N-terminal domain deletions of both histone H3 and histone H4 were inviable. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: histone, H3, histone, H4 Options: Individual_protein, Protein_family_or_group	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O" ]	Double mutants containing N-terminal domain deletions of both histone H3 and histone H4 were inviable.	[ "Double", "mutants", "containing", "N", "-", "terminal", "domain", "deletions", "of", "both", "histone", "H3", "and", "histone", "H4", "were", "inviable", "." ]	[ "Protein_family_or_group", "Individual_protein" ]
histone, H3, histone, H4	249_task2	Sentence: Double mutants containing N-terminal domain deletions of both histone H3 and histone H4 were inviable. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O" ]	Double mutants containing N-terminal domain deletions of both histone H3 and histone H4 were inviable.	[ "Double", "mutants", "containing", "N", "-", "terminal", "domain", "deletions", "of", "both", "histone", "H3", "and", "histone", "H4", "were", "inviable", "." ]	[ "Protein_family_or_group", "Individual_protein" ]
Glucose is a CHEMICAL	23585333_task0	Sentence: Tandem Assays of Protein and Glucose with Functionalized Core/Shell Particles Based on Magnetic Separation and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Tandem Assays of Protein and Glucose with Functionalized Core/Shell Particles Based on Magnetic Separation and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering.	[ "Tandem", "Assays", "of", "Protein", "and", "Glucose", "with", "Functionalized", "Core", "/", "Shell", "Particles", "Based", "on", "Magnetic", "Separation", "and", "Surface", "-", "Enhanced", "Raman", "Scattering", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL" ]

Antinuclear antibodies is a Outcome_Physical, enalapril is a Intervention_Pharmacological

85904_task0

Sentence: Antinuclear antibodies with enalapril . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Physical

[ "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O" ]

Antinuclear antibodies with enalapril .

[ "Antinuclear", "antibodies", "with", "enalapril", "." ]

[ "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]

Antinuclear antibodies is a Outcome_Physical, enalapril is a Intervention_Pharmacological

85904_task1

Sentence: Antinuclear antibodies with enalapril . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Antinuclear antibodies, enalapril Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Physical

[ "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O" ]

Antinuclear antibodies with enalapril .

[ "Antinuclear", "antibodies", "with", "enalapril", "." ]

[ "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]

Antinuclear antibodies, enalapril

85904_task2

Sentence: Antinuclear antibodies with enalapril . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O" ]

Antinuclear antibodies with enalapril .

[ "Antinuclear", "antibodies", "with", "enalapril", "." ]

[ "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]

GJB2 is a Gene, GJB2 is a Gene, connexin 26 is a Gene, Cx26 is a Gene, GJB2 is a Gene, 35delG is a SNP, 35delG is a SNP, W24X is a SNP, non-35delG is a SNP, 35delG is a SNP, Cx26 is a Gene

523_task0

Sentence: GJB2 mutations in Iranians with autosomal recessive non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Hereditary hearing loss (HHL) is an extremely common disorder. About 70% of HHL is non-syndromic, with autosomal recessive forms accounting for approximately 85% of the genetic load. Although very heterogeneous, the most common cause of HHL in many different world populations is mutations of GJB2, a gene that encodes the gap junction protein connexin 26 (Cx26). This study investigates the contribution of GJB2 to the autosomal recessive non-syndromic deafness (ARNSD) load in the Iranian population. One hundred sixty eight persons from 83 families were studied. GJB2-related deafness was diagnosed in 9 families (4, 35delG homozygotes; 3, 35delG compound heterozygotes; 1, W24X homozygote; 1, non-35delG compound heterozygote). The carrier frequency of the 35delG allele in this population was approximately 1% (1/83). Because the relative frequency of Cx26 mutations is much less than in the other populations, it is possible that mutations in other genes play a major role in ARNSD in Iran. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Gene, SNP

[ "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "I-Gene", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

GJB2 mutations in Iranians with autosomal recessive non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Hereditary hearing loss (HHL) is an extremely common disorder. About 70% of HHL is non-syndromic, with autosomal recessive forms accounting for approximately 85% of the genetic load. Although very heterogeneous, the most common cause of HHL in many different world populations is mutations of GJB2, a gene that encodes the gap junction protein connexin 26 (Cx26). This study investigates the contribution of GJB2 to the autosomal recessive non-syndromic deafness (ARNSD) load in the Iranian population. One hundred sixty eight persons from 83 families were studied. GJB2-related deafness was diagnosed in 9 families (4, 35delG homozygotes; 3, 35delG compound heterozygotes; 1, W24X homozygote; 1, non-35delG compound heterozygote). The carrier frequency of the 35delG allele in this population was approximately 1% (1/83). Because the relative frequency of Cx26 mutations is much less than in the other populations, it is possible that mutations in other genes play a major role in ARNSD in Iran.

[ "GJB2", "mutations", "in", "Iranians", "with", "autosomal", "recessive", "non", "-", "syndromic", "sensorineural", "hearing", "loss", ".", "Hereditary", "hearing", "loss", "(", "HHL", ")", "is", "an", "extremely", "common", "disorder", ".", "About", "70", "%", "of", "HHL", "is", "non", "-", "syndromic", ",", "with", "autosomal", "recessive", "forms", "accounting", "for", "approximately", "85", "%", "of", "the", "genetic", "load", ".", "Although", "very", "heterogeneous", ",", "the", "most", "common", "cause", "of", "HHL", "in", "many", "different", "world", "populations", "is", "mutations", "of", "GJB2", ",", "a", "gene", "that", "encodes", "the", "gap", "junction", "protein", "connexin", "26", "(", "Cx26", ")", ".", "This", "study", "investigates", "the", "contribution", "of", "GJB2", "to", "the", "autosomal", "recessive", "non", "-", "syndromic", "deafness", "(", "ARNSD", ")", "load", "in", "the", "Iranian", "population", ".", "One", "hundred", "sixty", "eight", "persons", "from", "83", "families", "were", "studied", ".", "GJB2-related", "deafness", "was", "diagnosed", "in", "9", "families", "(", "4", ",", "35delG", "homozygotes", ";", "3", ",", "35delG", "compound", "heterozygotes", ";", "1", ",", "W24X", "homozygote", ";", "1", ",", "non-35delG", "compound", "heterozygote", ")", ".", "The", "carrier", "frequency", "of", "the", "35delG", "allele", "in", "this", "population", "was", "approximately", "1", "%", "(", "1/83", ")", ".", "Because", "the", "relative", "frequency", "of", "Cx26", "mutations", "is", "much", "less", "than", "in", "the", "other", "populations", ",", "it", "is", "possible", "that", "mutations", "in", "other", "genes", "play", "a", "major", "role", "in", "ARNSD", "in", "Iran", ".", "\n" ]

[ "Gene", "SNP" ]

GJB2 is a Gene, GJB2 is a Gene, connexin 26 is a Gene, Cx26 is a Gene, GJB2 is a Gene, 35delG is a SNP, 35delG is a SNP, W24X is a SNP, non-35delG is a SNP, 35delG is a SNP, Cx26 is a Gene

523_task1

Sentence: GJB2 mutations in Iranians with autosomal recessive non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Hereditary hearing loss (HHL) is an extremely common disorder. About 70% of HHL is non-syndromic, with autosomal recessive forms accounting for approximately 85% of the genetic load. Although very heterogeneous, the most common cause of HHL in many different world populations is mutations of GJB2, a gene that encodes the gap junction protein connexin 26 (Cx26). This study investigates the contribution of GJB2 to the autosomal recessive non-syndromic deafness (ARNSD) load in the Iranian population. One hundred sixty eight persons from 83 families were studied. GJB2-related deafness was diagnosed in 9 families (4, 35delG homozygotes; 3, 35delG compound heterozygotes; 1, W24X homozygote; 1, non-35delG compound heterozygote). The carrier frequency of the 35delG allele in this population was approximately 1% (1/83). Because the relative frequency of Cx26 mutations is much less than in the other populations, it is possible that mutations in other genes play a major role in ARNSD in Iran. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: GJB2, GJB2, connexin 26, Cx26, GJB2, 35delG, 35delG, W24X, non-35delG, 35delG, Cx26 Options: Gene, SNP

[ "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "I-Gene", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

GJB2 mutations in Iranians with autosomal recessive non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Hereditary hearing loss (HHL) is an extremely common disorder. About 70% of HHL is non-syndromic, with autosomal recessive forms accounting for approximately 85% of the genetic load. Although very heterogeneous, the most common cause of HHL in many different world populations is mutations of GJB2, a gene that encodes the gap junction protein connexin 26 (Cx26). This study investigates the contribution of GJB2 to the autosomal recessive non-syndromic deafness (ARNSD) load in the Iranian population. One hundred sixty eight persons from 83 families were studied. GJB2-related deafness was diagnosed in 9 families (4, 35delG homozygotes; 3, 35delG compound heterozygotes; 1, W24X homozygote; 1, non-35delG compound heterozygote). The carrier frequency of the 35delG allele in this population was approximately 1% (1/83). Because the relative frequency of Cx26 mutations is much less than in the other populations, it is possible that mutations in other genes play a major role in ARNSD in Iran.

[ "GJB2", "mutations", "in", "Iranians", "with", "autosomal", "recessive", "non", "-", "syndromic", "sensorineural", "hearing", "loss", ".", "Hereditary", "hearing", "loss", "(", "HHL", ")", "is", "an", "extremely", "common", "disorder", ".", "About", "70", "%", "of", "HHL", "is", "non", "-", "syndromic", ",", "with", "autosomal", "recessive", "forms", "accounting", "for", "approximately", "85", "%", "of", "the", "genetic", "load", ".", "Although", "very", "heterogeneous", ",", "the", "most", "common", "cause", "of", "HHL", "in", "many", "different", "world", "populations", "is", "mutations", "of", "GJB2", ",", "a", "gene", "that", "encodes", "the", "gap", "junction", "protein", "connexin", "26", "(", "Cx26", ")", ".", "This", "study", "investigates", "the", "contribution", "of", "GJB2", "to", "the", "autosomal", "recessive", "non", "-", "syndromic", "deafness", "(", "ARNSD", ")", "load", "in", "the", "Iranian", "population", ".", "One", "hundred", "sixty", "eight", "persons", "from", "83", "families", "were", "studied", ".", "GJB2-related", "deafness", "was", "diagnosed", "in", "9", "families", "(", "4", ",", "35delG", "homozygotes", ";", "3", ",", "35delG", "compound", "heterozygotes", ";", "1", ",", "W24X", "homozygote", ";", "1", ",", "non-35delG", "compound", "heterozygote", ")", ".", "The", "carrier", "frequency", "of", "the", "35delG", "allele", "in", "this", "population", "was", "approximately", "1", "%", "(", "1/83", ")", ".", "Because", "the", "relative", "frequency", "of", "Cx26", "mutations", "is", "much", "less", "than", "in", "the", "other", "populations", ",", "it", "is", "possible", "that", "mutations", "in", "other", "genes", "play", "a", "major", "role", "in", "ARNSD", "in", "Iran", ".", "\n" ]

[ "Gene", "SNP" ]

GJB2, GJB2, connexin 26, Cx26, GJB2, 35delG, 35delG, W24X, non-35delG, 35delG, Cx26

523_task2

Sentence: GJB2 mutations in Iranians with autosomal recessive non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Hereditary hearing loss (HHL) is an extremely common disorder. About 70% of HHL is non-syndromic, with autosomal recessive forms accounting for approximately 85% of the genetic load. Although very heterogeneous, the most common cause of HHL in many different world populations is mutations of GJB2, a gene that encodes the gap junction protein connexin 26 (Cx26). This study investigates the contribution of GJB2 to the autosomal recessive non-syndromic deafness (ARNSD) load in the Iranian population. One hundred sixty eight persons from 83 families were studied. GJB2-related deafness was diagnosed in 9 families (4, 35delG homozygotes; 3, 35delG compound heterozygotes; 1, W24X homozygote; 1, non-35delG compound heterozygote). The carrier frequency of the 35delG allele in this population was approximately 1% (1/83). Because the relative frequency of Cx26 mutations is much less than in the other populations, it is possible that mutations in other genes play a major role in ARNSD in Iran. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "I-Gene", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

GJB2 mutations in Iranians with autosomal recessive non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Hereditary hearing loss (HHL) is an extremely common disorder. About 70% of HHL is non-syndromic, with autosomal recessive forms accounting for approximately 85% of the genetic load. Although very heterogeneous, the most common cause of HHL in many different world populations is mutations of GJB2, a gene that encodes the gap junction protein connexin 26 (Cx26). This study investigates the contribution of GJB2 to the autosomal recessive non-syndromic deafness (ARNSD) load in the Iranian population. One hundred sixty eight persons from 83 families were studied. GJB2-related deafness was diagnosed in 9 families (4, 35delG homozygotes; 3, 35delG compound heterozygotes; 1, W24X homozygote; 1, non-35delG compound heterozygote). The carrier frequency of the 35delG allele in this population was approximately 1% (1/83). Because the relative frequency of Cx26 mutations is much less than in the other populations, it is possible that mutations in other genes play a major role in ARNSD in Iran.

[ "GJB2", "mutations", "in", "Iranians", "with", "autosomal", "recessive", "non", "-", "syndromic", "sensorineural", "hearing", "loss", ".", "Hereditary", "hearing", "loss", "(", "HHL", ")", "is", "an", "extremely", "common", "disorder", ".", "About", "70", "%", "of", "HHL", "is", "non", "-", "syndromic", ",", "with", "autosomal", "recessive", "forms", "accounting", "for", "approximately", "85", "%", "of", "the", "genetic", "load", ".", "Although", "very", "heterogeneous", ",", "the", "most", "common", "cause", "of", "HHL", "in", "many", "different", "world", "populations", "is", "mutations", "of", "GJB2", ",", "a", "gene", "that", "encodes", "the", "gap", "junction", "protein", "connexin", "26", "(", "Cx26", ")", ".", "This", "study", "investigates", "the", "contribution", "of", "GJB2", "to", "the", "autosomal", "recessive", "non", "-", "syndromic", "deafness", "(", "ARNSD", ")", "load", "in", "the", "Iranian", "population", ".", "One", "hundred", "sixty", "eight", "persons", "from", "83", "families", "were", "studied", ".", "GJB2-related", "deafness", "was", "diagnosed", "in", "9", "families", "(", "4", ",", "35delG", "homozygotes", ";", "3", ",", "35delG", "compound", "heterozygotes", ";", "1", ",", "W24X", "homozygote", ";", "1", ",", "non-35delG", "compound", "heterozygote", ")", ".", "The", "carrier", "frequency", "of", "the", "35delG", "allele", "in", "this", "population", "was", "approximately", "1", "%", "(", "1/83", ")", ".", "Because", "the", "relative", "frequency", "of", "Cx26", "mutations", "is", "much", "less", "than", "in", "the", "other", "populations", ",", "it", "is", "possible", "that", "mutations", "in", "other", "genes", "play", "a", "major", "role", "in", "ARNSD", "in", "Iran", ".", "\n" ]

[ "Gene", "SNP" ]

xenon is an umlsterm, xenon 's is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, gas is an umlsterm, xenon is an umlsterm, hemodynamic is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, Xenon is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, surgical procedures is an umlsterm, postoperative is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, concentrations is an umlsterm, xenon is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, xenon is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, disorders is an umlsterm, clinical investigations is an umlsterm, findings is an umlsterm, development is an umlsterm, xenon is an umlsterm, costs is an umlsterm, gas is an umlsterm

DerAnaesthesist.00490869.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Today , xenon anaesthesia becomes an interesting object due to xenon's positive ecological aspects as well as its nearly ideal properties as an anaesthetic gas . The application of xenon provides advantages regarding intraoperative hemodynamic stability and the recovery period . Xenon increases tissue perfusion in most organ systems . This increase of tissue perfusion during an operation can be important during some surgical procedures and may improve postoperative outcome . In anaesthetic concentrations xenon leads to an increase in cerebral perfusion . For that reason , xenon should be avoided in patients with increased cerebral pressure or cerebral perfusion disorders . Therefore , further clinical investigations are necessary to improve these clinical findings . The development of accepted indications of xenon anaesthesia becomes necessary regarding a limited availability and high costs of the gas . Focussing this target , more clinical and experimental investigations will become necessary in the next years . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Today , xenon anaesthesia becomes an interesting object due to xenon's positive ecological aspects as well as its nearly ideal properties as an anaesthetic gas . The application of xenon provides advantages regarding intraoperative hemodynamic stability and the recovery period . Xenon increases tissue perfusion in most organ systems . This increase of tissue perfusion during an operation can be important during some surgical procedures and may improve postoperative outcome . In anaesthetic concentrations xenon leads to an increase in cerebral perfusion . For that reason , xenon should be avoided in patients with increased cerebral pressure or cerebral perfusion disorders . Therefore , further clinical investigations are necessary to improve these clinical findings . The development of accepted indications of xenon anaesthesia becomes necessary regarding a limited availability and high costs of the gas . Focussing this target , more clinical and experimental investigations will become necessary in the next years .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

xenon is an umlsterm, xenon 's is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, gas is an umlsterm, xenon is an umlsterm, hemodynamic is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, Xenon is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, surgical procedures is an umlsterm, postoperative is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, concentrations is an umlsterm, xenon is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, xenon is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, disorders is an umlsterm, clinical investigations is an umlsterm, findings is an umlsterm, development is an umlsterm, xenon is an umlsterm, costs is an umlsterm, gas is an umlsterm

DerAnaesthesist.00490869.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Today , xenon anaesthesia becomes an interesting object due to xenon's positive ecological aspects as well as its nearly ideal properties as an anaesthetic gas . The application of xenon provides advantages regarding intraoperative hemodynamic stability and the recovery period . Xenon increases tissue perfusion in most organ systems . This increase of tissue perfusion during an operation can be important during some surgical procedures and may improve postoperative outcome . In anaesthetic concentrations xenon leads to an increase in cerebral perfusion . For that reason , xenon should be avoided in patients with increased cerebral pressure or cerebral perfusion disorders . Therefore , further clinical investigations are necessary to improve these clinical findings . The development of accepted indications of xenon anaesthesia becomes necessary regarding a limited availability and high costs of the gas . Focussing this target , more clinical and experimental investigations will become necessary in the next years . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: xenon, xenon 's, anaesthetic, gas, xenon, hemodynamic, period, Xenon, tissue, perfusion, tissue, perfusion, operation, surgical procedures, postoperative, anaesthetic, concentrations, xenon, perfusion, xenon, patients, pressure, perfusion, disorders, clinical investigations, findings, development, xenon, costs, gas Options: umlsterm

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Today , xenon anaesthesia becomes an interesting object due to xenon's positive ecological aspects as well as its nearly ideal properties as an anaesthetic gas . The application of xenon provides advantages regarding intraoperative hemodynamic stability and the recovery period . Xenon increases tissue perfusion in most organ systems . This increase of tissue perfusion during an operation can be important during some surgical procedures and may improve postoperative outcome . In anaesthetic concentrations xenon leads to an increase in cerebral perfusion . For that reason , xenon should be avoided in patients with increased cerebral pressure or cerebral perfusion disorders . Therefore , further clinical investigations are necessary to improve these clinical findings . The development of accepted indications of xenon anaesthesia becomes necessary regarding a limited availability and high costs of the gas . Focussing this target , more clinical and experimental investigations will become necessary in the next years .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

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DerAnaesthesist.00490869.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Today , xenon anaesthesia becomes an interesting object due to xenon's positive ecological aspects as well as its nearly ideal properties as an anaesthetic gas . The application of xenon provides advantages regarding intraoperative hemodynamic stability and the recovery period . Xenon increases tissue perfusion in most organ systems . This increase of tissue perfusion during an operation can be important during some surgical procedures and may improve postoperative outcome . In anaesthetic concentrations xenon leads to an increase in cerebral perfusion . For that reason , xenon should be avoided in patients with increased cerebral pressure or cerebral perfusion disorders . Therefore , further clinical investigations are necessary to improve these clinical findings . The development of accepted indications of xenon anaesthesia becomes necessary regarding a limited availability and high costs of the gas . Focussing this target , more clinical and experimental investigations will become necessary in the next years . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Today , xenon anaesthesia becomes an interesting object due to xenon's positive ecological aspects as well as its nearly ideal properties as an anaesthetic gas . The application of xenon provides advantages regarding intraoperative hemodynamic stability and the recovery period . Xenon increases tissue perfusion in most organ systems . This increase of tissue perfusion during an operation can be important during some surgical procedures and may improve postoperative outcome . In anaesthetic concentrations xenon leads to an increase in cerebral perfusion . For that reason , xenon should be avoided in patients with increased cerebral pressure or cerebral perfusion disorders . Therefore , further clinical investigations are necessary to improve these clinical findings . The development of accepted indications of xenon anaesthesia becomes necessary regarding a limited availability and high costs of the gas . Focussing this target , more clinical and experimental investigations will become necessary in the next years .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

surveys is an umlsterm, occurrence is an umlsterm, central nervous system is an umlsterm, infections is an umlsterm, children is an umlsterm, viral meningitides is an umlsterm, survey is an umlsterm, mumps is an umlsterm, meningitis is an umlsterm, viral meningitides is an umlsterm, herpes simplex encephalitides is an umlsterm, zoster is an umlsterm, encephalitides is an umlsterm, development is an umlsterm, measles is an umlsterm, encephalitides is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, survey is an umlsterm, herpes simplex encephalitis is an umlsterm, observation is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, forms is an umlsterm

MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.71450050.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: In the years 1980-1992 surveys were undertaken to ascertain the occurrence of central nervous system infections in children in pediatric departments in the German provinces of Bavaria and Lower Saxony . There was a very noticeable drop in viral meningitides over the survey years especially in mumps meningitis , i . e . from 199/205 in 1980 to 16/7 in 1992. In both states about 80 % of the viral meningitides could not be clarified etiologically . Whereas in Bavaria a steady increase in herpes simplex encephalitides and varizella zoster encephalitides was apparent ( 1/4 in 1980 , 10/24 in 1992 ) , the same development was not found in Lower Saxony . Although the number of measles encephalitides dropped in both states during the period of the survey , up to 6 cases of the illness occurred annually . Only in the case of herpes simplex encephalitis the rate of recovery shows a substantial improvement over the observation period , while for other forms the rate of partial recovery has remained approximately the same . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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In the years 1980-1992 surveys were undertaken to ascertain the occurrence of central nervous system infections in children in pediatric departments in the German provinces of Bavaria and Lower Saxony . There was a very noticeable drop in viral meningitides over the survey years especially in mumps meningitis , i . e . from 199/205 in 1980 to 16/7 in 1992. In both states about 80 % of the viral meningitides could not be clarified etiologically . Whereas in Bavaria a steady increase in herpes simplex encephalitides and varizella zoster encephalitides was apparent ( 1/4 in 1980 , 10/24 in 1992 ) , the same development was not found in Lower Saxony . Although the number of measles encephalitides dropped in both states during the period of the survey , up to 6 cases of the illness occurred annually . Only in the case of herpes simplex encephalitis the rate of recovery shows a substantial improvement over the observation period , while for other forms the rate of partial recovery has remained approximately the same .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

surveys is an umlsterm, occurrence is an umlsterm, central nervous system is an umlsterm, infections is an umlsterm, children is an umlsterm, viral meningitides is an umlsterm, survey is an umlsterm, mumps is an umlsterm, meningitis is an umlsterm, viral meningitides is an umlsterm, herpes simplex encephalitides is an umlsterm, zoster is an umlsterm, encephalitides is an umlsterm, development is an umlsterm, measles is an umlsterm, encephalitides is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, survey is an umlsterm, herpes simplex encephalitis is an umlsterm, observation is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, forms is an umlsterm

MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.71450050.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: In the years 1980-1992 surveys were undertaken to ascertain the occurrence of central nervous system infections in children in pediatric departments in the German provinces of Bavaria and Lower Saxony . There was a very noticeable drop in viral meningitides over the survey years especially in mumps meningitis , i . e . from 199/205 in 1980 to 16/7 in 1992. In both states about 80 % of the viral meningitides could not be clarified etiologically . Whereas in Bavaria a steady increase in herpes simplex encephalitides and varizella zoster encephalitides was apparent ( 1/4 in 1980 , 10/24 in 1992 ) , the same development was not found in Lower Saxony . Although the number of measles encephalitides dropped in both states during the period of the survey , up to 6 cases of the illness occurred annually . Only in the case of herpes simplex encephalitis the rate of recovery shows a substantial improvement over the observation period , while for other forms the rate of partial recovery has remained approximately the same . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: surveys, occurrence, central nervous system, infections, children, viral meningitides, survey, mumps, meningitis, viral meningitides, herpes simplex encephalitides, zoster, encephalitides, development, measles, encephalitides, period, survey, herpes simplex encephalitis, observation, period, forms Options: umlsterm

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In the years 1980-1992 surveys were undertaken to ascertain the occurrence of central nervous system infections in children in pediatric departments in the German provinces of Bavaria and Lower Saxony . There was a very noticeable drop in viral meningitides over the survey years especially in mumps meningitis , i . e . from 199/205 in 1980 to 16/7 in 1992. In both states about 80 % of the viral meningitides could not be clarified etiologically . Whereas in Bavaria a steady increase in herpes simplex encephalitides and varizella zoster encephalitides was apparent ( 1/4 in 1980 , 10/24 in 1992 ) , the same development was not found in Lower Saxony . Although the number of measles encephalitides dropped in both states during the period of the survey , up to 6 cases of the illness occurred annually . Only in the case of herpes simplex encephalitis the rate of recovery shows a substantial improvement over the observation period , while for other forms the rate of partial recovery has remained approximately the same .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

surveys, occurrence, central nervous system, infections, children, viral meningitides, survey, mumps, meningitis, viral meningitides, herpes simplex encephalitides, zoster, encephalitides, development, measles, encephalitides, period, survey, herpes simplex encephalitis, observation, period, forms

MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.71450050.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: In the years 1980-1992 surveys were undertaken to ascertain the occurrence of central nervous system infections in children in pediatric departments in the German provinces of Bavaria and Lower Saxony . There was a very noticeable drop in viral meningitides over the survey years especially in mumps meningitis , i . e . from 199/205 in 1980 to 16/7 in 1992. In both states about 80 % of the viral meningitides could not be clarified etiologically . Whereas in Bavaria a steady increase in herpes simplex encephalitides and varizella zoster encephalitides was apparent ( 1/4 in 1980 , 10/24 in 1992 ) , the same development was not found in Lower Saxony . Although the number of measles encephalitides dropped in both states during the period of the survey , up to 6 cases of the illness occurred annually . Only in the case of herpes simplex encephalitis the rate of recovery shows a substantial improvement over the observation period , while for other forms the rate of partial recovery has remained approximately the same . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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In the years 1980-1992 surveys were undertaken to ascertain the occurrence of central nervous system infections in children in pediatric departments in the German provinces of Bavaria and Lower Saxony . There was a very noticeable drop in viral meningitides over the survey years especially in mumps meningitis , i . e . from 199/205 in 1980 to 16/7 in 1992. In both states about 80 % of the viral meningitides could not be clarified etiologically . Whereas in Bavaria a steady increase in herpes simplex encephalitides and varizella zoster encephalitides was apparent ( 1/4 in 1980 , 10/24 in 1992 ) , the same development was not found in Lower Saxony . Although the number of measles encephalitides dropped in both states during the period of the survey , up to 6 cases of the illness occurred annually . Only in the case of herpes simplex encephalitis the rate of recovery shows a substantial improvement over the observation period , while for other forms the rate of partial recovery has remained approximately the same .

[ "In", "the", "years", "1980", "-", "1992", "surveys", "were", "undertaken", "to", "ascertain", "the", "occurrence", "of", "central", "nervous", "system", "infections", "in", "children", "in", "pediatric", "departments", "in", "the", "German", "provinces", "of", "Bavaria", "and", "Lower", "Saxony", ".", "There", "was", "a", "very", "noticeable", "drop", "in", "viral", "meningitides", "over", "the", "survey", "years", "especially", "in", "mumps", "meningitis", ",", "i", ".", "e", ".", "from", "199/205", "in", "1980", "to", "16/7", "in", "1992", ".", "In", "both", "states", "about", "80", "%", "of", "the", "viral", "meningitides", "could", "not", "be", "clarified", "etiologically", ".", "Whereas", "in", "Bavaria", "a", "steady", "increase", "in", "herpes", "simplex", "encephalitides", "and", "varizella", "zoster", "encephalitides", "was", "apparent", "(", "1/4", "in", "1980", ",", "10/24", "in", "1992", ")", ",", "the", "same", "development", "was", "not", "found", "in", "Lower", "Saxony", ".", "Although", "the", "number", "of", "measles", "encephalitides", "dropped", "in", "both", "states", "during", "the", "period", "of", "the", "survey", ",", "up", "to", "6", "cases", "of", "the", "illness", "occurred", "annually", ".", "Only", "in", "the", "case", "of", "herpes", "simplex", "encephalitis", "the", "rate", "of", "recovery", "shows", "a", "substantial", "improvement", "over", "the", "observation", "period", ",", "while", "for", "other", "forms", "the", "rate", "of", "partial", "recovery", "has", "remained", "approximately", "the", "same", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

iloprost is a DRUG, nifedipine is a DRUG, diltiazem is a DRUG, captopril is a DRUG, iloprost is a DRUG, vasodilators is a GROUP, antihypertensive agents is a GROUP, iloprost is a DRUG, anticoagulants is a GROUP, iloprost is a DRUG, anticoagulants is a GROUP, diuretics is a GROUP, cardiac glycosides is a GROUP, calcium channel blockers is a GROUP, analgesics is a GROUP, antipyretics is a GROUP, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories is a GROUP, corticosteroids is a GROUP, iloprost is a DRUG, digoxin is a DRUG, Acetylsalicylic acid is a DRUG, iloprost is a DRUG, iloprost is a DRUG

Iloprost_ddi_task0

Sentence: In studies in normal volunteers, there was no pharmacodynamic interaction between intravenous iloprost and either nifedipine, diltiazem, or captopril. However, iloprost has the potential to increase the hypotensive effect of vasodilators and antihypertensive agents. Since iloprost inhibits platelet function, there is a potential for increased risk of bleeding, particularly in patients maintained on anticoagulants. During clinical trials, iloprost was used concurrently with anticoagulants, diuretics, cardiac glycosides, calcium channel blockers, analgesics, antipyretics, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories, corticosteroids, and other medications. Intravenous infusion of iloprost had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin. Acetylsalicylic acid did not alter the clearance (pharmacokinetics) of iloprost. Although clinical studies have not been conducted, in vitro studies of iloprost indicate that no relevant inhibition of cytochrome P450 drug metabolism would be expected. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GROUP, DRUG

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In studies in normal volunteers, there was no pharmacodynamic interaction between intravenous iloprost and either nifedipine, diltiazem, or captopril. However, iloprost has the potential to increase the hypotensive effect of vasodilators and antihypertensive agents. Since iloprost inhibits platelet function, there is a potential for increased risk of bleeding, particularly in patients maintained on anticoagulants. During clinical trials, iloprost was used concurrently with anticoagulants, diuretics, cardiac glycosides, calcium channel blockers, analgesics, antipyretics, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories, corticosteroids, and other medications. Intravenous infusion of iloprost had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin. Acetylsalicylic acid did not alter the clearance (pharmacokinetics) of iloprost. Although clinical studies have not been conducted, in vitro studies of iloprost indicate that no relevant inhibition of cytochrome P450 drug metabolism would be expected.

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[ "GROUP", "DRUG" ]

iloprost is a DRUG, nifedipine is a DRUG, diltiazem is a DRUG, captopril is a DRUG, iloprost is a DRUG, vasodilators is a GROUP, antihypertensive agents is a GROUP, iloprost is a DRUG, anticoagulants is a GROUP, iloprost is a DRUG, anticoagulants is a GROUP, diuretics is a GROUP, cardiac glycosides is a GROUP, calcium channel blockers is a GROUP, analgesics is a GROUP, antipyretics is a GROUP, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories is a GROUP, corticosteroids is a GROUP, iloprost is a DRUG, digoxin is a DRUG, Acetylsalicylic acid is a DRUG, iloprost is a DRUG, iloprost is a DRUG

Iloprost_ddi_task1

Sentence: In studies in normal volunteers, there was no pharmacodynamic interaction between intravenous iloprost and either nifedipine, diltiazem, or captopril. However, iloprost has the potential to increase the hypotensive effect of vasodilators and antihypertensive agents. Since iloprost inhibits platelet function, there is a potential for increased risk of bleeding, particularly in patients maintained on anticoagulants. During clinical trials, iloprost was used concurrently with anticoagulants, diuretics, cardiac glycosides, calcium channel blockers, analgesics, antipyretics, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories, corticosteroids, and other medications. Intravenous infusion of iloprost had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin. Acetylsalicylic acid did not alter the clearance (pharmacokinetics) of iloprost. Although clinical studies have not been conducted, in vitro studies of iloprost indicate that no relevant inhibition of cytochrome P450 drug metabolism would be expected. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: iloprost, nifedipine, diltiazem, captopril, iloprost, vasodilators, antihypertensive agents, iloprost, anticoagulants, iloprost, anticoagulants, diuretics, cardiac glycosides, calcium channel blockers, analgesics, antipyretics, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories, corticosteroids, iloprost, digoxin, Acetylsalicylic acid, iloprost, iloprost Options: GROUP, DRUG

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In studies in normal volunteers, there was no pharmacodynamic interaction between intravenous iloprost and either nifedipine, diltiazem, or captopril. However, iloprost has the potential to increase the hypotensive effect of vasodilators and antihypertensive agents. Since iloprost inhibits platelet function, there is a potential for increased risk of bleeding, particularly in patients maintained on anticoagulants. During clinical trials, iloprost was used concurrently with anticoagulants, diuretics, cardiac glycosides, calcium channel blockers, analgesics, antipyretics, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories, corticosteroids, and other medications. Intravenous infusion of iloprost had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin. Acetylsalicylic acid did not alter the clearance (pharmacokinetics) of iloprost. Although clinical studies have not been conducted, in vitro studies of iloprost indicate that no relevant inhibition of cytochrome P450 drug metabolism would be expected.

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[ "GROUP", "DRUG" ]

iloprost, nifedipine, diltiazem, captopril, iloprost, vasodilators, antihypertensive agents, iloprost, anticoagulants, iloprost, anticoagulants, diuretics, cardiac glycosides, calcium channel blockers, analgesics, antipyretics, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories, corticosteroids, iloprost, digoxin, Acetylsalicylic acid, iloprost, iloprost

Iloprost_ddi_task2

Sentence: In studies in normal volunteers, there was no pharmacodynamic interaction between intravenous iloprost and either nifedipine, diltiazem, or captopril. However, iloprost has the potential to increase the hypotensive effect of vasodilators and antihypertensive agents. Since iloprost inhibits platelet function, there is a potential for increased risk of bleeding, particularly in patients maintained on anticoagulants. During clinical trials, iloprost was used concurrently with anticoagulants, diuretics, cardiac glycosides, calcium channel blockers, analgesics, antipyretics, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories, corticosteroids, and other medications. Intravenous infusion of iloprost had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin. Acetylsalicylic acid did not alter the clearance (pharmacokinetics) of iloprost. Although clinical studies have not been conducted, in vitro studies of iloprost indicate that no relevant inhibition of cytochrome P450 drug metabolism would be expected. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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In studies in normal volunteers, there was no pharmacodynamic interaction between intravenous iloprost and either nifedipine, diltiazem, or captopril. However, iloprost has the potential to increase the hypotensive effect of vasodilators and antihypertensive agents. Since iloprost inhibits platelet function, there is a potential for increased risk of bleeding, particularly in patients maintained on anticoagulants. During clinical trials, iloprost was used concurrently with anticoagulants, diuretics, cardiac glycosides, calcium channel blockers, analgesics, antipyretics, nonsteroidal antiinflammatories, corticosteroids, and other medications. Intravenous infusion of iloprost had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin. Acetylsalicylic acid did not alter the clearance (pharmacokinetics) of iloprost. Although clinical studies have not been conducted, in vitro studies of iloprost indicate that no relevant inhibition of cytochrome P450 drug metabolism would be expected.

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[ "GROUP", "DRUG" ]

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ZfuerKardiologie.90880823.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: The aim of the study was to compare the clinical outcome after AV node radiofrequency current ablation and pacemaker implantation in patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation . The study consecutively included 19 patients with permanent ( male n = 15 ; 55 +/- 13 years ) and 45 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( male n = 31 ; 60 +/- 13 years ) . Clinical evaluation before and 1 year after ablation included the symptoms and the self-assessed state of health . Before ablation , both groups reported with a similar frequency about tachycardia ( permanent n = 15 ; paroxysmal n = 2 ) and palpitations ( permanent n = 5 ; paroxysmal n = 19 ) . Patients with permanent ( n = 7 ) atrial fibrillation had more often breathlessness than patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( n = 2 ) , whereas dizziness/syncope was more often reported by patients with paroxysmal ( n = 35 ) than with permanent arrhythmia ( n = 8 ) . Ablation improved symptoms in patients with permanent ( 89% ) as well as with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( 84% ) . The self-assessed state of health described as good had not patient before ablation and 63% patients with permanent and 47% with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after ablation . There were no differences for the studied parameters between patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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The aim of the study was to compare the clinical outcome after AV node radiofrequency current ablation and pacemaker implantation in patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation . The study consecutively included 19 patients with permanent ( male n = 15 ; 55 +/- 13 years ) and 45 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( male n = 31 ; 60 +/- 13 years ) . Clinical evaluation before and 1 year after ablation included the symptoms and the self-assessed state of health . Before ablation , both groups reported with a similar frequency about tachycardia ( permanent n = 15 ; paroxysmal n = 2 ) and palpitations ( permanent n = 5 ; paroxysmal n = 19 ) . Patients with permanent ( n = 7 ) atrial fibrillation had more often breathlessness than patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( n = 2 ) , whereas dizziness/syncope was more often reported by patients with paroxysmal ( n = 35 ) than with permanent arrhythmia ( n = 8 ) . Ablation improved symptoms in patients with permanent ( 89% ) as well as with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( 84% ) . The self-assessed state of health described as good had not patient before ablation and 63% patients with permanent and 47% with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after ablation . There were no differences for the studied parameters between patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

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ZfuerKardiologie.90880823.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: The aim of the study was to compare the clinical outcome after AV node radiofrequency current ablation and pacemaker implantation in patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation . The study consecutively included 19 patients with permanent ( male n = 15 ; 55 +/- 13 years ) and 45 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( male n = 31 ; 60 +/- 13 years ) . Clinical evaluation before and 1 year after ablation included the symptoms and the self-assessed state of health . Before ablation , both groups reported with a similar frequency about tachycardia ( permanent n = 15 ; paroxysmal n = 2 ) and palpitations ( permanent n = 5 ; paroxysmal n = 19 ) . Patients with permanent ( n = 7 ) atrial fibrillation had more often breathlessness than patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( n = 2 ) , whereas dizziness/syncope was more often reported by patients with paroxysmal ( n = 35 ) than with permanent arrhythmia ( n = 8 ) . Ablation improved symptoms in patients with permanent ( 89% ) as well as with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( 84% ) . The self-assessed state of health described as good had not patient before ablation and 63% patients with permanent and 47% with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after ablation . There were no differences for the studied parameters between patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: aim, AV node, pacemaker, implantation, patients, atrial fibrillation, patients, male, patients, atrial fibrillation, male, evaluation, symptoms, health, frequency, tachycardia, Patients, atrial fibrillation, breathlessness, patients, atrial fibrillation, patients, arrhythmia, symptoms, patients, atrial fibrillation, health, patient, patients, atrial fibrillation, patients, atrial fibrillation Options: umlsterm

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The aim of the study was to compare the clinical outcome after AV node radiofrequency current ablation and pacemaker implantation in patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation . The study consecutively included 19 patients with permanent ( male n = 15 ; 55 +/- 13 years ) and 45 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( male n = 31 ; 60 +/- 13 years ) . Clinical evaluation before and 1 year after ablation included the symptoms and the self-assessed state of health . Before ablation , both groups reported with a similar frequency about tachycardia ( permanent n = 15 ; paroxysmal n = 2 ) and palpitations ( permanent n = 5 ; paroxysmal n = 19 ) . Patients with permanent ( n = 7 ) atrial fibrillation had more often breathlessness than patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( n = 2 ) , whereas dizziness/syncope was more often reported by patients with paroxysmal ( n = 35 ) than with permanent arrhythmia ( n = 8 ) . Ablation improved symptoms in patients with permanent ( 89% ) as well as with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( 84% ) . The self-assessed state of health described as good had not patient before ablation and 63% patients with permanent and 47% with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after ablation . There were no differences for the studied parameters between patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

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ZfuerKardiologie.90880823.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: The aim of the study was to compare the clinical outcome after AV node radiofrequency current ablation and pacemaker implantation in patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation . The study consecutively included 19 patients with permanent ( male n = 15 ; 55 +/- 13 years ) and 45 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( male n = 31 ; 60 +/- 13 years ) . Clinical evaluation before and 1 year after ablation included the symptoms and the self-assessed state of health . Before ablation , both groups reported with a similar frequency about tachycardia ( permanent n = 15 ; paroxysmal n = 2 ) and palpitations ( permanent n = 5 ; paroxysmal n = 19 ) . Patients with permanent ( n = 7 ) atrial fibrillation had more often breathlessness than patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( n = 2 ) , whereas dizziness/syncope was more often reported by patients with paroxysmal ( n = 35 ) than with permanent arrhythmia ( n = 8 ) . Ablation improved symptoms in patients with permanent ( 89% ) as well as with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( 84% ) . The self-assessed state of health described as good had not patient before ablation and 63% patients with permanent and 47% with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after ablation . There were no differences for the studied parameters between patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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The aim of the study was to compare the clinical outcome after AV node radiofrequency current ablation and pacemaker implantation in patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation . The study consecutively included 19 patients with permanent ( male n = 15 ; 55 +/- 13 years ) and 45 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( male n = 31 ; 60 +/- 13 years ) . Clinical evaluation before and 1 year after ablation included the symptoms and the self-assessed state of health . Before ablation , both groups reported with a similar frequency about tachycardia ( permanent n = 15 ; paroxysmal n = 2 ) and palpitations ( permanent n = 5 ; paroxysmal n = 19 ) . Patients with permanent ( n = 7 ) atrial fibrillation had more often breathlessness than patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( n = 2 ) , whereas dizziness/syncope was more often reported by patients with paroxysmal ( n = 35 ) than with permanent arrhythmia ( n = 8 ) . Ablation improved symptoms in patients with permanent ( 89% ) as well as with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( 84% ) . The self-assessed state of health described as good had not patient before ablation and 63% patients with permanent and 47% with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after ablation . There were no differences for the studied parameters between patients with permanent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation .

[ "The", "aim", "of", "the", "study", "was", "to", "compare", "the", "clinical", "outcome", "after", "AV", "node", "radiofrequency", "current", "ablation", "and", "pacemaker", "implantation", "in", "patients", "with", "permanent", "and", "paroxysmal", "atrial", "fibrillation", ".", "The", "study", "consecutively", "included", "19", "patients", "with", "permanent", "(", "male", "n", "=", "15", ";", "55", "+", "/-", "13", "years", ")", "and", "45", "patients", "with", "paroxysmal", "atrial", "fibrillation", "(", "male", "n", "=", "31", ";", "60", "+", "/-", "13", "years", ")", ".", "Clinical", "evaluation", "before", "and", "1", "year", "after", "ablation", "included", "the", "symptoms", "and", "the", "self", "-", "assessed", "state", "of", "health", ".", "Before", "ablation", ",", "both", "groups", "reported", "with", "a", "similar", "frequency", "about", "tachycardia", "(", "permanent", "n", "=", "15", ";", "paroxysmal", "n", "=", "2", ")", "and", "palpitations", "(", "permanent", "n", "=", "5", ";", "paroxysmal", "n", "=", "19", ")", ".", "Patients", "with", "permanent", "(", "n", "=", "7", ")", "atrial", "fibrillation", "had", "more", "often", "breathlessness", "than", "patients", "with", "paroxysmal", "atrial", "fibrillation", "(", "n", "=", "2", ")", ",", "whereas", "dizziness", "/", "syncope", "was", "more", "often", "reported", "by", "patients", "with", "paroxysmal", "(", "n", "=", "35", ")", "than", "with", "permanent", "arrhythmia", "(", "n", "=", "8", ")", ".", "Ablation", "improved", "symptoms", "in", "patients", "with", "permanent", "(", "89", "%", ")", "as", "well", "as", "with", "paroxysmal", "atrial", "fibrillation", "(", "84", "%", ")", ".", "The", "self", "-", "assessed", "state", "of", "health", "described", "as", "good", "had", "not", "patient", "before", "ablation", "and", "63", "%", "patients", "with", "permanent", "and", "47", "%", "with", "paroxysmal", "atrial", "fibrillation", "after", "ablation", ".", "There", "were", "no", "differences", "for", "the", "studied", "parameters", "between", "patients", "with", "permanent", "and", "paroxysmal", "atrial", "fibrillation", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

nuclear factor kappa B is a protein_molecule, human lymphoblastoid cells is a cell_type, low - dose ionizing radiation is an other_name

12727_task0

Sentence: Activation of nuclear factor kappa B in human lymphoblastoid cells by low-dose ionizing radiation. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: cell_type, other_name, protein_molecule

[ "O", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "O", "B-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]

Activation of nuclear factor kappa B in human lymphoblastoid cells by low-dose ionizing radiation.

[ "Activation", "of", "nuclear", "factor", "kappa", "B", "in", "human", "lymphoblastoid", "cells", "by", "low", "-", "dose", "ionizing", "radiation", "." ]

[ "cell_line", "cell_type", "protein_family_or_group", "(AND protein_subunit protein_subunit)", "other_name", "protein_molecule", "" ]

nuclear factor kappa B is a protein_molecule, human lymphoblastoid cells is a cell_type, low - dose ionizing radiation is an other_name

12727_task1

Sentence: Activation of nuclear factor kappa B in human lymphoblastoid cells by low-dose ionizing radiation. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: nuclear factor kappa B, human lymphoblastoid cells, low - dose ionizing radiation Options: cell_type, other_name, protein_molecule

[ "O", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "O", "B-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]

Activation of nuclear factor kappa B in human lymphoblastoid cells by low-dose ionizing radiation.

[ "Activation", "of", "nuclear", "factor", "kappa", "B", "in", "human", "lymphoblastoid", "cells", "by", "low", "-", "dose", "ionizing", "radiation", "." ]

[ "cell_line", "cell_type", "protein_family_or_group", "(AND protein_subunit protein_subunit)", "other_name", "protein_molecule", "" ]

nuclear factor kappa B, human lymphoblastoid cells, low - dose ionizing radiation

12727_task2

Sentence: Activation of nuclear factor kappa B in human lymphoblastoid cells by low-dose ionizing radiation. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "O", "B-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]

Activation of nuclear factor kappa B in human lymphoblastoid cells by low-dose ionizing radiation.

[ "Activation", "of", "nuclear", "factor", "kappa", "B", "in", "human", "lymphoblastoid", "cells", "by", "low", "-", "dose", "ionizing", "radiation", "." ]

[ "cell_line", "cell_type", "protein_family_or_group", "(AND protein_subunit protein_subunit)", "other_name", "protein_molecule", "" ]

Aspirin is a CHEMICAL, salicylate is a CHEMICAL, immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein is a GENE-Y, BiP is a GENE-Y, ATPase is a GENE-N

11689471_task0

Sentence: Aspirin and salicylate bind to immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP) and inhibit its ATPase activity in human fibroblasts. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, GENE-Y, CHEMICAL

[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Aspirin and salicylate bind to immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP) and inhibit its ATPase activity in human fibroblasts.

[ "Aspirin", "and", "salicylate", "bind", "to", "immunoglobulin", "heavy", "chain", "binding", "protein", "(", "BiP", ")", "and", "inhibit", "its", "ATPase", "activity", "in", "human", "fibroblasts", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]

Aspirin is a CHEMICAL, salicylate is a CHEMICAL, immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein is a GENE-Y, BiP is a GENE-Y, ATPase is a GENE-N

11689471_task1

Sentence: Aspirin and salicylate bind to immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP) and inhibit its ATPase activity in human fibroblasts. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Aspirin, salicylate, immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein, BiP, ATPase Options: GENE-N, GENE-Y, CHEMICAL

[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Aspirin and salicylate bind to immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP) and inhibit its ATPase activity in human fibroblasts.

[ "Aspirin", "and", "salicylate", "bind", "to", "immunoglobulin", "heavy", "chain", "binding", "protein", "(", "BiP", ")", "and", "inhibit", "its", "ATPase", "activity", "in", "human", "fibroblasts", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]

Aspirin, salicylate, immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein, BiP, ATPase

11689471_task2

Sentence: Aspirin and salicylate bind to immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP) and inhibit its ATPase activity in human fibroblasts. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Aspirin and salicylate bind to immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP) and inhibit its ATPase activity in human fibroblasts.

[ "Aspirin", "and", "salicylate", "bind", "to", "immunoglobulin", "heavy", "chain", "binding", "protein", "(", "BiP", ")", "and", "inhibit", "its", "ATPase", "activity", "in", "human", "fibroblasts", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]

ORC is a protein-complex, DNA is a DNA, ORC is a protein-complex, ATP is a chemical

1.0alpha7.train.1068_task0

Sentence: Initial studies of ORC found that stable DNA binding by ORC required the addition of ATP to the binding reaction. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: chemical, DNA, protein-complex

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-complex", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-complex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Initial studies of ORC found that stable DNA binding by ORC required the addition of ATP to the binding reaction.

[ "Initial", "studies", "of", " ", "ORC", "found", "that", "stable", "DNA", "binding", "by", " ", "ORC", "required", "the", "addition", "of", " ", "ATP", "to", "the", "binding", "reaction", "." ]

[ "DNA", "protein-complex", "chemical" ]

ORC is a protein-complex, DNA is a DNA, ORC is a protein-complex, ATP is a chemical

1.0alpha7.train.1068_task1

Sentence: Initial studies of ORC found that stable DNA binding by ORC required the addition of ATP to the binding reaction. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ORC, DNA, ORC, ATP Options: chemical, DNA, protein-complex

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-complex", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-complex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Initial studies of ORC found that stable DNA binding by ORC required the addition of ATP to the binding reaction.

[ "Initial", "studies", "of", " ", "ORC", "found", "that", "stable", "DNA", "binding", "by", " ", "ORC", "required", "the", "addition", "of", " ", "ATP", "to", "the", "binding", "reaction", "." ]

[ "DNA", "protein-complex", "chemical" ]

ORC, DNA, ORC, ATP

1.0alpha7.train.1068_task2

Sentence: Initial studies of ORC found that stable DNA binding by ORC required the addition of ATP to the binding reaction. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-complex", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-complex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Initial studies of ORC found that stable DNA binding by ORC required the addition of ATP to the binding reaction.

[ "Initial", "studies", "of", " ", "ORC", "found", "that", "stable", "DNA", "binding", "by", " ", "ORC", "required", "the", "addition", "of", " ", "ATP", "to", "the", "binding", "reaction", "." ]

[ "DNA", "protein-complex", "chemical" ]

ethanol is a CHEMICAL

23007559_task0

Sentence: Developmental immunotoxicity of ethanol in an extended one-generation reproductive toxicity study. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Developmental immunotoxicity of ethanol in an extended one-generation reproductive toxicity study.

[ "Developmental", "immunotoxicity", "of", "ethanol", "in", "an", "extended", "one", "-", "generation", "reproductive", "toxicity", "study", "." ]

[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]

ethanol is a CHEMICAL

23007559_task1

Sentence: Developmental immunotoxicity of ethanol in an extended one-generation reproductive toxicity study. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ethanol Options: CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Developmental immunotoxicity of ethanol in an extended one-generation reproductive toxicity study.

[ "Developmental", "immunotoxicity", "of", "ethanol", "in", "an", "extended", "one", "-", "generation", "reproductive", "toxicity", "study", "." ]

[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]

ethanol

23007559_task2

Sentence: Developmental immunotoxicity of ethanol in an extended one-generation reproductive toxicity study. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Developmental immunotoxicity of ethanol in an extended one-generation reproductive toxicity study.

[ "Developmental", "immunotoxicity", "of", "ethanol", "in", "an", "extended", "one", "-", "generation", "reproductive", "toxicity", "study", "." ]

[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]

Body mass index ( BMI ) is a Measurement, 35 kg / m2 or more is a Value, metabolic is a Condition, endocrine diseases is a Condition, cancer is a Condition, steroids is a Drug, drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen is a Drug, systemic estrogen , progestin , or DHEA is a Scope, in the eight weeks prior to randomization is a Temporal, alternative therapies or natural products is a Scope, postmenopausal symptoms is a Condition, in the four weeks prior to randomization is a Temporal, Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse is a Scope, Grade is a Measurement, 2 or 3 is a Value, Cigarette smoking is a Condition

NCT00317148_exc_task0

Sentence: Body mass index (BMI) of 35 kg/m2 or more. Significant metabolic and endocrine diseases. Diagnosis of cancer. Use of steroids or drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen. Use of any systemic estrogen, progestin, or DHEA in the eight weeks prior to randomization. Use of alternative therapies or natural products to treat postmenopausal symptoms in the four weeks prior to randomization. Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse: Grade 2 or 3. Cigarette smoking Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Temporal, Condition, Value, Scope, Measurement, Drug

[ "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Drug", "O", "B-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O" ]

Body mass index (BMI) of 35 kg/m2 or more. Significant metabolic and endocrine diseases. Diagnosis of cancer. Use of steroids or drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen. Use of any systemic estrogen, progestin, or DHEA in the eight weeks prior to randomization. Use of alternative therapies or natural products to treat postmenopausal symptoms in the four weeks prior to randomization. Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse: Grade 2 or 3. Cigarette smoking

[ "Body", "mass", "index", "(", "BMI", ")", "of", "35", "kg", "/", "m2", "or", "more", ".", "\n", "Significant", "metabolic", "and", "endocrine", "diseases", ".", "\n", "Diagnosis", "of", "cancer", ".", "\n", "Use", "of", "steroids", "or", "drugs", "that", "interfere", "with", "the", "metabolism", "of", "estrogen", ".", "\n", "Use", "of", "any", "systemic", "estrogen", ",", "progestin", ",", "or", "DHEA", "in", "the", "eight", "weeks", "prior", "to", "randomization", ".", "\n", "Use", "of", "alternative", "therapies", "or", "natural", "products", "to", "treat", "postmenopausal", "symptoms", "in", "the", "four", "weeks", "prior", "to", "randomization", ".", "\n", "Palpable", "fibroids", "or", "uterine", "prolapse", ":", "Grade", "2", "or", "3", ".", "\n", "Cigarette", "smoking", " \n \n" ]

[ "Drug", "Temporal", "Scope", "Condition", "Measurement", "Procedure", "Value" ]

Body mass index ( BMI ) is a Measurement, 35 kg / m2 or more is a Value, metabolic is a Condition, endocrine diseases is a Condition, cancer is a Condition, steroids is a Drug, drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen is a Drug, systemic estrogen , progestin , or DHEA is a Scope, in the eight weeks prior to randomization is a Temporal, alternative therapies or natural products is a Scope, postmenopausal symptoms is a Condition, in the four weeks prior to randomization is a Temporal, Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse is a Scope, Grade is a Measurement, 2 or 3 is a Value, Cigarette smoking is a Condition

NCT00317148_exc_task1

Sentence: Body mass index (BMI) of 35 kg/m2 or more. Significant metabolic and endocrine diseases. Diagnosis of cancer. Use of steroids or drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen. Use of any systemic estrogen, progestin, or DHEA in the eight weeks prior to randomization. Use of alternative therapies or natural products to treat postmenopausal symptoms in the four weeks prior to randomization. Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse: Grade 2 or 3. Cigarette smoking Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Body mass index ( BMI ), 35 kg / m2 or more, metabolic, endocrine diseases, cancer, steroids, drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen, systemic estrogen , progestin , or DHEA, in the eight weeks prior to randomization, alternative therapies or natural products, postmenopausal symptoms, in the four weeks prior to randomization, Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse, Grade, 2 or 3, Cigarette smoking Options: Temporal, Condition, Value, Scope, Measurement, Drug

[ "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Drug", "O", "B-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O" ]

Body mass index (BMI) of 35 kg/m2 or more. Significant metabolic and endocrine diseases. Diagnosis of cancer. Use of steroids or drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen. Use of any systemic estrogen, progestin, or DHEA in the eight weeks prior to randomization. Use of alternative therapies or natural products to treat postmenopausal symptoms in the four weeks prior to randomization. Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse: Grade 2 or 3. Cigarette smoking

[ "Body", "mass", "index", "(", "BMI", ")", "of", "35", "kg", "/", "m2", "or", "more", ".", "\n", "Significant", "metabolic", "and", "endocrine", "diseases", ".", "\n", "Diagnosis", "of", "cancer", ".", "\n", "Use", "of", "steroids", "or", "drugs", "that", "interfere", "with", "the", "metabolism", "of", "estrogen", ".", "\n", "Use", "of", "any", "systemic", "estrogen", ",", "progestin", ",", "or", "DHEA", "in", "the", "eight", "weeks", "prior", "to", "randomization", ".", "\n", "Use", "of", "alternative", "therapies", "or", "natural", "products", "to", "treat", "postmenopausal", "symptoms", "in", "the", "four", "weeks", "prior", "to", "randomization", ".", "\n", "Palpable", "fibroids", "or", "uterine", "prolapse", ":", "Grade", "2", "or", "3", ".", "\n", "Cigarette", "smoking", " \n \n" ]

[ "Drug", "Temporal", "Scope", "Condition", "Measurement", "Procedure", "Value" ]

Body mass index ( BMI ), 35 kg / m2 or more, metabolic, endocrine diseases, cancer, steroids, drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen, systemic estrogen , progestin , or DHEA, in the eight weeks prior to randomization, alternative therapies or natural products, postmenopausal symptoms, in the four weeks prior to randomization, Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse, Grade, 2 or 3, Cigarette smoking

NCT00317148_exc_task2

Sentence: Body mass index (BMI) of 35 kg/m2 or more. Significant metabolic and endocrine diseases. Diagnosis of cancer. Use of steroids or drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen. Use of any systemic estrogen, progestin, or DHEA in the eight weeks prior to randomization. Use of alternative therapies or natural products to treat postmenopausal symptoms in the four weeks prior to randomization. Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse: Grade 2 or 3. Cigarette smoking Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Drug", "O", "B-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O" ]

Body mass index (BMI) of 35 kg/m2 or more. Significant metabolic and endocrine diseases. Diagnosis of cancer. Use of steroids or drugs that interfere with the metabolism of estrogen. Use of any systemic estrogen, progestin, or DHEA in the eight weeks prior to randomization. Use of alternative therapies or natural products to treat postmenopausal symptoms in the four weeks prior to randomization. Palpable fibroids or uterine prolapse: Grade 2 or 3. Cigarette smoking

[ "Body", "mass", "index", "(", "BMI", ")", "of", "35", "kg", "/", "m2", "or", "more", ".", "\n", "Significant", "metabolic", "and", "endocrine", "diseases", ".", "\n", "Diagnosis", "of", "cancer", ".", "\n", "Use", "of", "steroids", "or", "drugs", "that", "interfere", "with", "the", "metabolism", "of", "estrogen", ".", "\n", "Use", "of", "any", "systemic", "estrogen", ",", "progestin", ",", "or", "DHEA", "in", "the", "eight", "weeks", "prior", "to", "randomization", ".", "\n", "Use", "of", "alternative", "therapies", "or", "natural", "products", "to", "treat", "postmenopausal", "symptoms", "in", "the", "four", "weeks", "prior", "to", "randomization", ".", "\n", "Palpable", "fibroids", "or", "uterine", "prolapse", ":", "Grade", "2", "or", "3", ".", "\n", "Cigarette", "smoking", " \n \n" ]

[ "Drug", "Temporal", "Scope", "Condition", "Measurement", "Procedure", "Value" ]

anaesthesiology is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, Physical examination is an umlsterm, history is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, risk assessment is an umlsterm, aid is an umlsterm, computer is an umlsterm, laboratory tests is an umlsterm, electrocardiography is an umlsterm, lung is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, assessment is an umlsterm, vital capacity is an umlsterm, chest is an umlsterm, X - ray is an umlsterm, blood gas analysis is an umlsterm, blood chemistry is an umlsterm, analysis is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, ASA is an umlsterm, Goldman is an umlsterm, Risk is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, exercise is an umlsterm, classification is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, risk factors is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, time is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, morbidity is an umlsterm, mortality is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, physical examination is an umlsterm, morbidity is an umlsterm, mortality is an umlsterm, cardiovascular system is an umlsterm, nephrologic diseases is an umlsterm, BUN is an umlsterm, plasma is an umlsterm, creatinine is an umlsterm, value is an umlsterm, ASA is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, computer system is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, analyses is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, cost is an umlsterm, DM is an umlsterm, price is an umlsterm, reagents is an umlsterm, blood chemistry is an umlsterm, blood gas analysis is an umlsterm, chest is an umlsterm, X - ray is an umlsterm, DM is an umlsterm, tests is an umlsterm, laboratory is an umlsterm, tests is an umlsterm, work is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, costs is an umlsterm, DM is an umlsterm, costs is an umlsterm, surgical procedure is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, propofol is an umlsterm, ketamine is an umlsterm, intubation is an umlsterm, inhalation is an umlsterm, isoflurane is an umlsterm, sevoflurane is an umlsterm, costs is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm, Surgical specialties is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, assessment is an umlsterm, anaesthesiology is an umlsterm, doctors is an umlsterm, specialists is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm

DerAnaesthesist.40430223.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: In 1977 a new anaesthesiology preoperative evaluation clinic was started for evaluation of all elective surgical patients for their fitness to undergo anaesthesia . Physical examination , medical history and anaesthetic risk assessment are assessed in a standardized manner with the aid of computer menus . Comprehensive laboratory tests included electrocardiography , lung function assessment ( vital capacity and forced exspiratory volume with 1 s ) , chest X-ray , and arterial blood gas analysis and blood chemistry analysis with an SMA-22 ( System Multi Analyzer ) . At the conclusion of the preoperative evaluation , patients are classified according to ASA physical status , Goldman Cardiac Risk Index and an exercise classification such as NYHA . Only elective surgical patients are evaluated in this clinic . Within the last 15 years more than 75 000 patients have been seen in our preoperative clinic , 91.8% of whom were cleared for surgery and anaesthesia after the initial evaluation . There were 1132 patients who needed preoperative treatment first . Only 4.4% were discharged without operation because too many risk factors for perioperative complications were present . We found that comprehensive preoperative evaluation in this clinic was more efficient than bedside evaluation and reduced examination time for the patient . In 1983 and 1985 we published two prospective/retrospective studies on the improvement of perioperative morbidity and mortality of selected patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery . We found that perioperative complications and adverse outcome correlated with preoperative data and physical examination . The main source of perioperative morbidity and mortality was the cardiovascular system , followed by nephrologic diseases , correlating exactly with preoperative BUN and plasma creatinine . These studies also underlined the value of the ASA physical status to predict perioperative outcome . Since 1988 all patients ' data have been processed automatically by a computer system designed by clinic staff . Precise data evaluation , statistical analyses and selective studies of over 24 000 patients can be performed easily . The cost of one examination in the anaesthesia clinic is OeS 140 ( DM 17 ) . The price of the reagents for blood chemistry , blood gas analysis and the chest X-ray is OeS 95 ( DM 12 ) . If preoperative tests were discontinued the laboratory staff could not be much reduced , because preoperative tests do not account for more than 10% of the workload and the system must work over 24 h . In total , therefore , examination of one patient costs OeS 235 ( DM 30 ) . Compared with the total costs of the surgical procedure , this part is one of the smallest items . Even the anaesthetic management starting from intravenous induction with propofol or ketamine , followed by orotracheal intubation and inhalation anaesthesia with isoflurane or sevoflurane , costs more than this preoperative evaluation . This preanaesthetic examination procedure is easy to learn . Surgical specialties now routinely schedule patients for preoperative evaluation at the clinic . We feel that performing this comprehensive physical assessment reinforces basic concepts in anaesthesiology for the house doctors . All medical departments create specialists in each part of their sector . We think that anaesthetists should also optimize preoperative evaluation by concentrated well-organized practices . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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In 1977 a new anaesthesiology preoperative evaluation clinic was started for evaluation of all elective surgical patients for their fitness to undergo anaesthesia . Physical examination , medical history and anaesthetic risk assessment are assessed in a standardized manner with the aid of computer menus . Comprehensive laboratory tests included electrocardiography , lung function assessment ( vital capacity and forced exspiratory volume with 1 s ) , chest X-ray , and arterial blood gas analysis and blood chemistry analysis with an SMA-22 ( System Multi Analyzer ) . At the conclusion of the preoperative evaluation , patients are classified according to ASA physical status , Goldman Cardiac Risk Index and an exercise classification such as NYHA . Only elective surgical patients are evaluated in this clinic . Within the last 15 years more than 75 000 patients have been seen in our preoperative clinic , 91.8% of whom were cleared for surgery and anaesthesia after the initial evaluation . There were 1132 patients who needed preoperative treatment first . Only 4.4% were discharged without operation because too many risk factors for perioperative complications were present . We found that comprehensive preoperative evaluation in this clinic was more efficient than bedside evaluation and reduced examination time for the patient . In 1983 and 1985 we published two prospective/retrospective studies on the improvement of perioperative morbidity and mortality of selected patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery . We found that perioperative complications and adverse outcome correlated with preoperative data and physical examination . The main source of perioperative morbidity and mortality was the cardiovascular system , followed by nephrologic diseases , correlating exactly with preoperative BUN and plasma creatinine . These studies also underlined the value of the ASA physical status to predict perioperative outcome . Since 1988 all patients ' data have been processed automatically by a computer system designed by clinic staff . Precise data evaluation , statistical analyses and selective studies of over 24 000 patients can be performed easily . The cost of one examination in the anaesthesia clinic is OeS 140 ( DM 17 ) . The price of the reagents for blood chemistry , blood gas analysis and the chest X-ray is OeS 95 ( DM 12 ) . If preoperative tests were discontinued the laboratory staff could not be much reduced , because preoperative tests do not account for more than 10% of the workload and the system must work over 24 h . In total , therefore , examination of one patient costs OeS 235 ( DM 30 ) . Compared with the total costs of the surgical procedure , this part is one of the smallest items . Even the anaesthetic management starting from intravenous induction with propofol or ketamine , followed by orotracheal intubation and inhalation anaesthesia with isoflurane or sevoflurane , costs more than this preoperative evaluation . This preanaesthetic examination procedure is easy to learn . Surgical specialties now routinely schedule patients for preoperative evaluation at the clinic . We feel that performing this comprehensive physical assessment reinforces basic concepts in anaesthesiology for the house doctors . All medical departments create specialists in each part of their sector . We think that anaesthetists should also optimize preoperative evaluation by concentrated well-organized practices .

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"status", ",", "Goldman", "Cardiac", "Risk", "Index", "and", "an", "exercise", "classification", "such", "as", "NYHA", ".", "Only", "elective", "surgical", "patients", "are", "evaluated", "in", "this", "clinic", ".", "Within", "the", "last", "15", "years", "more", "than", "75", "000", "patients", "have", "been", "seen", "in", "our", "preoperative", "clinic", ",", "91.8", "%", "of", "whom", "were", "cleared", "for", "surgery", "and", "anaesthesia", "after", "the", "initial", "evaluation", ".", "There", "were", "1132", "patients", "who", "needed", "preoperative", "treatment", "first", ".", "Only", "4.4", "%", "were", "discharged", "without", "operation", "because", "too", "many", "risk", "factors", "for", "perioperative", "complications", "were", "present", ".", "We", "found", "that", "comprehensive", "preoperative", "evaluation", "in", "this", "clinic", "was", "more", "efficient", "than", "bedside", "evaluation", "and", "reduced", "examination", "time", "for", "the", "patient", ".", 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"designed", "by", "clinic", "staff", ".", "Precise", "data", "evaluation", ",", "statistical", "analyses", "and", "selective", "studies", "of", "over", "24", "000", "patients", "can", "be", "performed", "easily", ".", "The", "cost", "of", "one", "examination", "in", "the", "anaesthesia", "clinic", "is", "OeS", "140", "(", "DM", "17", ")", ".", "The", "price", "of", "the", "reagents", "for", "blood", "chemistry", ",", "blood", "gas", "analysis", "and", "the", "chest", "X", "-", "ray", "is", "OeS", "95", "(", "DM", "12", ")", ".", "If", "preoperative", "tests", "were", "discontinued", "the", "laboratory", "staff", "could", "not", "be", "much", "reduced", ",", "because", "preoperative", "tests", "do", "not", "account", "for", "more", "than", "10", "%", "of", "the", "workload", "and", "the", "system", "must", "work", "over", "24", "h", ".", "In", "total", ",", "therefore", ",", "examination", "of", "one", "patient", "costs", "OeS", "235", "(", "DM", "30", ")", ".", "Compared", "with", "the", "total", "costs", "of", "the", "surgical", "procedure", ",", "this", "part", "is", "one", "of", "the", "smallest", "items", ".", "Even", "the", "anaesthetic", "management", "starting", "from", "intravenous", "induction", "with", "propofol", "or", "ketamine", ",", "followed", "by", "orotracheal", "intubation", "and", "inhalation", "anaesthesia", "with", "isoflurane", "or", "sevoflurane", ",", "costs", "more", "than", "this", "preoperative", "evaluation", ".", "This", "preanaesthetic", "examination", "procedure", "is", "easy", "to", "learn", ".", "Surgical", "specialties", "now", "routinely", "schedule", "patients", "for", "preoperative", "evaluation", "at", "the", "clinic", ".", "We", "feel", "that", "performing", "this", "comprehensive", "physical", "assessment", "reinforces", "basic", "concepts", "in", "anaesthesiology", "for", "the", "house", "doctors", ".", "All", "medical", "departments", "create", "specialists", "in", "each", "part", "of", "their", "sector", ".", "We", 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[ "umlsterm" ]

anaesthesiology is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, Physical examination is an umlsterm, history is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, risk assessment is an umlsterm, aid is an umlsterm, computer is an umlsterm, laboratory tests is an umlsterm, electrocardiography is an umlsterm, lung is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, assessment is an umlsterm, vital capacity is an umlsterm, chest is an umlsterm, X - ray is an umlsterm, blood gas analysis is an umlsterm, blood chemistry is an umlsterm, analysis is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, ASA is an umlsterm, Goldman is an umlsterm, Risk is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, exercise is an umlsterm, classification is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, risk factors is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, time is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, morbidity is an umlsterm, mortality is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, physical examination is an umlsterm, morbidity is an umlsterm, mortality is an umlsterm, cardiovascular system is an umlsterm, nephrologic diseases is an umlsterm, BUN is an umlsterm, plasma is an umlsterm, creatinine is an umlsterm, value is an umlsterm, ASA is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, computer system is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, analyses is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, cost is an umlsterm, DM is an umlsterm, price is an umlsterm, reagents is an umlsterm, blood chemistry is an umlsterm, blood gas analysis is an umlsterm, chest is an umlsterm, X - ray is an umlsterm, DM is an umlsterm, tests is an umlsterm, laboratory is an umlsterm, tests is an umlsterm, work is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, costs is an umlsterm, DM is an umlsterm, costs is an umlsterm, surgical procedure is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, propofol is an umlsterm, ketamine is an umlsterm, intubation is an umlsterm, inhalation is an umlsterm, isoflurane is an umlsterm, sevoflurane is an umlsterm, costs is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm, Surgical specialties is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm, assessment is an umlsterm, anaesthesiology is an umlsterm, doctors is an umlsterm, specialists is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm

DerAnaesthesist.40430223.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: In 1977 a new anaesthesiology preoperative evaluation clinic was started for evaluation of all elective surgical patients for their fitness to undergo anaesthesia . Physical examination , medical history and anaesthetic risk assessment are assessed in a standardized manner with the aid of computer menus . Comprehensive laboratory tests included electrocardiography , lung function assessment ( vital capacity and forced exspiratory volume with 1 s ) , chest X-ray , and arterial blood gas analysis and blood chemistry analysis with an SMA-22 ( System Multi Analyzer ) . At the conclusion of the preoperative evaluation , patients are classified according to ASA physical status , Goldman Cardiac Risk Index and an exercise classification such as NYHA . Only elective surgical patients are evaluated in this clinic . Within the last 15 years more than 75 000 patients have been seen in our preoperative clinic , 91.8% of whom were cleared for surgery and anaesthesia after the initial evaluation . There were 1132 patients who needed preoperative treatment first . Only 4.4% were discharged without operation because too many risk factors for perioperative complications were present . We found that comprehensive preoperative evaluation in this clinic was more efficient than bedside evaluation and reduced examination time for the patient . In 1983 and 1985 we published two prospective/retrospective studies on the improvement of perioperative morbidity and mortality of selected patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery . We found that perioperative complications and adverse outcome correlated with preoperative data and physical examination . The main source of perioperative morbidity and mortality was the cardiovascular system , followed by nephrologic diseases , correlating exactly with preoperative BUN and plasma creatinine . These studies also underlined the value of the ASA physical status to predict perioperative outcome . Since 1988 all patients ' data have been processed automatically by a computer system designed by clinic staff . Precise data evaluation , statistical analyses and selective studies of over 24 000 patients can be performed easily . The cost of one examination in the anaesthesia clinic is OeS 140 ( DM 17 ) . The price of the reagents for blood chemistry , blood gas analysis and the chest X-ray is OeS 95 ( DM 12 ) . If preoperative tests were discontinued the laboratory staff could not be much reduced , because preoperative tests do not account for more than 10% of the workload and the system must work over 24 h . In total , therefore , examination of one patient costs OeS 235 ( DM 30 ) . Compared with the total costs of the surgical procedure , this part is one of the smallest items . Even the anaesthetic management starting from intravenous induction with propofol or ketamine , followed by orotracheal intubation and inhalation anaesthesia with isoflurane or sevoflurane , costs more than this preoperative evaluation . This preanaesthetic examination procedure is easy to learn . Surgical specialties now routinely schedule patients for preoperative evaluation at the clinic . We feel that performing this comprehensive physical assessment reinforces basic concepts in anaesthesiology for the house doctors . All medical departments create specialists in each part of their sector . We think that anaesthetists should also optimize preoperative evaluation by concentrated well-organized practices . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: anaesthesiology, evaluation, evaluation, surgical, patients, Physical examination, history, anaesthetic, risk assessment, aid, computer, laboratory tests, electrocardiography, lung, function, assessment, vital capacity, chest, X - ray, blood gas analysis, blood chemistry, analysis, evaluation, patients, ASA, Goldman, Risk, Index, exercise, classification, surgical, patients, patients, surgery, evaluation, patients, treatment, operation, risk factors, complications, evaluation, evaluation, time, patient, morbidity, mortality, patients, surgery, complications, physical examination, morbidity, mortality, cardiovascular system, nephrologic diseases, BUN, plasma, creatinine, value, ASA, patients, computer system, evaluation, analyses, patients, cost, DM, price, reagents, blood chemistry, blood gas analysis, chest, X - ray, DM, tests, laboratory, tests, work, patient, costs, DM, costs, surgical procedure, anaesthetic, propofol, ketamine, intubation, inhalation, isoflurane, sevoflurane, costs, evaluation, procedure, Surgical specialties, patients, evaluation, assessment, anaesthesiology, doctors, specialists, evaluation Options: umlsterm

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In 1977 a new anaesthesiology preoperative evaluation clinic was started for evaluation of all elective surgical patients for their fitness to undergo anaesthesia . Physical examination , medical history and anaesthetic risk assessment are assessed in a standardized manner with the aid of computer menus . Comprehensive laboratory tests included electrocardiography , lung function assessment ( vital capacity and forced exspiratory volume with 1 s ) , chest X-ray , and arterial blood gas analysis and blood chemistry analysis with an SMA-22 ( System Multi Analyzer ) . At the conclusion of the preoperative evaluation , patients are classified according to ASA physical status , Goldman Cardiac Risk Index and an exercise classification such as NYHA . Only elective surgical patients are evaluated in this clinic . Within the last 15 years more than 75 000 patients have been seen in our preoperative clinic , 91.8% of whom were cleared for surgery and anaesthesia after the initial evaluation . There were 1132 patients who needed preoperative treatment first . Only 4.4% were discharged without operation because too many risk factors for perioperative complications were present . We found that comprehensive preoperative evaluation in this clinic was more efficient than bedside evaluation and reduced examination time for the patient . In 1983 and 1985 we published two prospective/retrospective studies on the improvement of perioperative morbidity and mortality of selected patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery . We found that perioperative complications and adverse outcome correlated with preoperative data and physical examination . The main source of perioperative morbidity and mortality was the cardiovascular system , followed by nephrologic diseases , correlating exactly with preoperative BUN and plasma creatinine . These studies also underlined the value of the ASA physical status to predict perioperative outcome . Since 1988 all patients ' data have been processed automatically by a computer system designed by clinic staff . Precise data evaluation , statistical analyses and selective studies of over 24 000 patients can be performed easily . The cost of one examination in the anaesthesia clinic is OeS 140 ( DM 17 ) . The price of the reagents for blood chemistry , blood gas analysis and the chest X-ray is OeS 95 ( DM 12 ) . If preoperative tests were discontinued the laboratory staff could not be much reduced , because preoperative tests do not account for more than 10% of the workload and the system must work over 24 h . In total , therefore , examination of one patient costs OeS 235 ( DM 30 ) . Compared with the total costs of the surgical procedure , this part is one of the smallest items . Even the anaesthetic management starting from intravenous induction with propofol or ketamine , followed by orotracheal intubation and inhalation anaesthesia with isoflurane or sevoflurane , costs more than this preoperative evaluation . This preanaesthetic examination procedure is easy to learn . Surgical specialties now routinely schedule patients for preoperative evaluation at the clinic . We feel that performing this comprehensive physical assessment reinforces basic concepts in anaesthesiology for the house doctors . All medical departments create specialists in each part of their sector . We think that anaesthetists should also optimize preoperative evaluation by concentrated well-organized practices .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

anaesthesiology, evaluation, evaluation, surgical, patients, Physical examination, history, anaesthetic, risk assessment, aid, computer, laboratory tests, electrocardiography, lung, function, assessment, vital capacity, chest, X - ray, blood gas analysis, blood chemistry, analysis, evaluation, patients, ASA, Goldman, Risk, Index, exercise, classification, surgical, patients, patients, surgery, evaluation, patients, treatment, operation, risk factors, complications, evaluation, evaluation, time, patient, morbidity, mortality, patients, surgery, complications, physical examination, morbidity, mortality, cardiovascular system, nephrologic diseases, BUN, plasma, creatinine, value, ASA, patients, computer system, evaluation, analyses, patients, cost, DM, price, reagents, blood chemistry, blood gas analysis, chest, X - ray, DM, tests, laboratory, tests, work, patient, costs, DM, costs, surgical procedure, anaesthetic, propofol, ketamine, intubation, inhalation, isoflurane, sevoflurane, costs, evaluation, procedure, Surgical specialties, patients, evaluation, assessment, anaesthesiology, doctors, specialists, evaluation

DerAnaesthesist.40430223.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: In 1977 a new anaesthesiology preoperative evaluation clinic was started for evaluation of all elective surgical patients for their fitness to undergo anaesthesia . Physical examination , medical history and anaesthetic risk assessment are assessed in a standardized manner with the aid of computer menus . Comprehensive laboratory tests included electrocardiography , lung function assessment ( vital capacity and forced exspiratory volume with 1 s ) , chest X-ray , and arterial blood gas analysis and blood chemistry analysis with an SMA-22 ( System Multi Analyzer ) . At the conclusion of the preoperative evaluation , patients are classified according to ASA physical status , Goldman Cardiac Risk Index and an exercise classification such as NYHA . Only elective surgical patients are evaluated in this clinic . Within the last 15 years more than 75 000 patients have been seen in our preoperative clinic , 91.8% of whom were cleared for surgery and anaesthesia after the initial evaluation . There were 1132 patients who needed preoperative treatment first . Only 4.4% were discharged without operation because too many risk factors for perioperative complications were present . We found that comprehensive preoperative evaluation in this clinic was more efficient than bedside evaluation and reduced examination time for the patient . In 1983 and 1985 we published two prospective/retrospective studies on the improvement of perioperative morbidity and mortality of selected patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery . We found that perioperative complications and adverse outcome correlated with preoperative data and physical examination . The main source of perioperative morbidity and mortality was the cardiovascular system , followed by nephrologic diseases , correlating exactly with preoperative BUN and plasma creatinine . These studies also underlined the value of the ASA physical status to predict perioperative outcome . Since 1988 all patients ' data have been processed automatically by a computer system designed by clinic staff . Precise data evaluation , statistical analyses and selective studies of over 24 000 patients can be performed easily . The cost of one examination in the anaesthesia clinic is OeS 140 ( DM 17 ) . The price of the reagents for blood chemistry , blood gas analysis and the chest X-ray is OeS 95 ( DM 12 ) . If preoperative tests were discontinued the laboratory staff could not be much reduced , because preoperative tests do not account for more than 10% of the workload and the system must work over 24 h . In total , therefore , examination of one patient costs OeS 235 ( DM 30 ) . Compared with the total costs of the surgical procedure , this part is one of the smallest items . Even the anaesthetic management starting from intravenous induction with propofol or ketamine , followed by orotracheal intubation and inhalation anaesthesia with isoflurane or sevoflurane , costs more than this preoperative evaluation . This preanaesthetic examination procedure is easy to learn . Surgical specialties now routinely schedule patients for preoperative evaluation at the clinic . We feel that performing this comprehensive physical assessment reinforces basic concepts in anaesthesiology for the house doctors . All medical departments create specialists in each part of their sector . We think that anaesthetists should also optimize preoperative evaluation by concentrated well-organized practices . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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In 1977 a new anaesthesiology preoperative evaluation clinic was started for evaluation of all elective surgical patients for their fitness to undergo anaesthesia . Physical examination , medical history and anaesthetic risk assessment are assessed in a standardized manner with the aid of computer menus . Comprehensive laboratory tests included electrocardiography , lung function assessment ( vital capacity and forced exspiratory volume with 1 s ) , chest X-ray , and arterial blood gas analysis and blood chemistry analysis with an SMA-22 ( System Multi Analyzer ) . At the conclusion of the preoperative evaluation , patients are classified according to ASA physical status , Goldman Cardiac Risk Index and an exercise classification such as NYHA . Only elective surgical patients are evaluated in this clinic . Within the last 15 years more than 75 000 patients have been seen in our preoperative clinic , 91.8% of whom were cleared for surgery and anaesthesia after the initial evaluation . There were 1132 patients who needed preoperative treatment first . Only 4.4% were discharged without operation because too many risk factors for perioperative complications were present . We found that comprehensive preoperative evaluation in this clinic was more efficient than bedside evaluation and reduced examination time for the patient . In 1983 and 1985 we published two prospective/retrospective studies on the improvement of perioperative morbidity and mortality of selected patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery . We found that perioperative complications and adverse outcome correlated with preoperative data and physical examination . The main source of perioperative morbidity and mortality was the cardiovascular system , followed by nephrologic diseases , correlating exactly with preoperative BUN and plasma creatinine . These studies also underlined the value of the ASA physical status to predict perioperative outcome . Since 1988 all patients ' data have been processed automatically by a computer system designed by clinic staff . Precise data evaluation , statistical analyses and selective studies of over 24 000 patients can be performed easily . The cost of one examination in the anaesthesia clinic is OeS 140 ( DM 17 ) . The price of the reagents for blood chemistry , blood gas analysis and the chest X-ray is OeS 95 ( DM 12 ) . If preoperative tests were discontinued the laboratory staff could not be much reduced , because preoperative tests do not account for more than 10% of the workload and the system must work over 24 h . In total , therefore , examination of one patient costs OeS 235 ( DM 30 ) . Compared with the total costs of the surgical procedure , this part is one of the smallest items . Even the anaesthetic management starting from intravenous induction with propofol or ketamine , followed by orotracheal intubation and inhalation anaesthesia with isoflurane or sevoflurane , costs more than this preoperative evaluation . This preanaesthetic examination procedure is easy to learn . Surgical specialties now routinely schedule patients for preoperative evaluation at the clinic . We feel that performing this comprehensive physical assessment reinforces basic concepts in anaesthesiology for the house doctors . All medical departments create specialists in each part of their sector . We think that anaesthetists should also optimize preoperative evaluation by concentrated well-organized practices .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical , supraclavicular is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones líticas óseas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, síndrome linfoproliferativo is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Neoplasia maligna is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, mielofibrosis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV ( por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas ) is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, linfoma no Hodgkin is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Enfermedad de Hodgkin is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA

221_task0

Sentence: Anamnesis Paciente varón de 29 años de edad que ingresa en el Hospital por un cuadro de epigastralgia de dos meses de evolución, sin asociar otro tipo de clínica digestiva. Refiere una pérdida ponderal de 9 kg en las últimas 3 semanas, sin astenia, hiporexia ni sudoración nocturna. El paciente es natural de Mali, aunque reside actualmente en España y desde hace 3 años no viaja a su país de origen. No presenta alergias medicamentosas y no relata ningún antecedente médico-quirúrgico de interés. Exploración física A nivel de la exploración física destaca la presencia de múltiples adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical, supraclavicular y axilar bilateral. El resto de la exploración no presentaba alteraciones reseñables. Pruebas complementarias - Electrocardiograma y radiografía abdominal normales. - La radiografía torácica muestra una prominencia del hilio pulmonar izquierdo. - A nivel analítico destaca la presencia de dacriocitos en sangre periférica, una anemia normocítica y normocrómica con una hemoblogina de 7,2 g/dl, una leucocitosis de 21820 /mmc con aumento de los reactantes de fase aguda (Proteina C Reactiva 251,5 mg/dl y fibrinógeno 1088 mg/dl), siendo los valores de lactato y procalcitonina normales. El resto de los parámetros analíticos se encontraban dentro de los límites de la normalidad. - Los hemocultivos y urocultivos extraídos fueron todos negativos. - Se solicitaron serologías de los patógenos más frecuentemente implicados en la etiología de las adenopatías múltiples, siendo todas ellas negativas. - Se llevó a cabo una tomografía computarizada (TC) toraco-abdomino-pélvica y un PET-TC en los cuales se pone de manifiesto una afectación adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular derecho, axilar izquierdo, hiliomediastínicas, retroperitoneal, iliacas e inguinal bilateral. También se evidencian múltiples lesiones focales esplénicas y numerosas lesiones líticas óseas. Diagnóstico Ante el diagnóstico de un síndrome linfoproliferativo se decide realizar una cervicotomía para la biopsia de una de las adenopatías. Anatomía patología remite el siguiente informe: Neoplasia maligna de hábito hematológico inclasificable pero con rasgos morfológicos e inmunofenotípicos sugestivos de sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares (CD23+). Se lleva a cabo una biopsia de médula ósea (MO) que muestra una mielofibrosis secundaria a infiltración neoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de un Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV (por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas), una patología linfoide extremadamente rara, se consensua la extirpación de una segunda adenopatía y la remisión de la muestra a dos patólogos del territorio español especializados en patologías linfoides. No existen en la literatura estudios prospectivos referentes al tratamiento, los esquemas de quimioterapia comúnmente utilizados son los regímenes para el tratamiento de linfoma no Hodgkin. Por lo tanto, el 31 de julio del 2015 administramos un primer ciclo de quimioterapia según el esquema CHOP, a la espera del segundo análisis anatomopatológico. Evolución Los dos patólogos comparten la misma impresión diagnóstica: las características morfológicas, citoquímicas, inmunofenotípicas así como inmunohistoquímicas sugieren que se trate de una Enfermedad de Hodgkin. A nivel anatomopatológico, el ganglio linfático presentaba una arquitectura distorsionada, con presencia de bandas de colágeno y folículos linfoides con centros germinales en la cortical y expansión interfolicular a expensas de células de Hodgkin y de Reed-Sternberg (RS) en un entorno rico en histiocitos y linfocitos. La muestra tenía una positividad difusa en las células de RS para CD20 y focal para CD30 y CD15, expresando de forma aberrante CD23 y CD68. Por lo tanto, el diagnóstico definitivo de nuestro paciente es un Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular estadio IVB. Posteriormente, al disponer del diagnóstico definitivo, realizamos un viraje del esquema de tratamiento a la pauta ABVD. El 27 de agosto del 2015 se administró el primer ciclo de quimioterapia con la nueva pauta. Tras estos dos ciclos, solicitamos un PET-TC de reevaluación precoz que mostraba una respuesta completa según los criterios de Deauville. Se administraron un total de 6 ciclos (1 de CHOP y 5 de ABVD), el último de ellos el 30 de diciembre del 2015. En el PET-TC de reevaluación después del tratamiento persistía la respuesta completa alcanzada tras el segundo ciclo. En el momento actual, junio del 2016, el paciente es recientemente diagnósticado de una recidiva de su enfermedad. Se encuentra con quimioterapia de inducción con el esquema ESHAP previo al trasplante autólogo. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA

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Anamnesis Paciente varón de 29 años de edad que ingresa en el Hospital por un cuadro de epigastralgia de dos meses de evolución, sin asociar otro tipo de clínica digestiva. Refiere una pérdida ponderal de 9 kg en las últimas 3 semanas, sin astenia, hiporexia ni sudoración nocturna. El paciente es natural de Mali, aunque reside actualmente en España y desde hace 3 años no viaja a su país de origen. No presenta alergias medicamentosas y no relata ningún antecedente médico-quirúrgico de interés. Exploración física A nivel de la exploración física destaca la presencia de múltiples adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical, supraclavicular y axilar bilateral. El resto de la exploración no presentaba alteraciones reseñables. Pruebas complementarias - Electrocardiograma y radiografía abdominal normales. - La radiografía torácica muestra una prominencia del hilio pulmonar izquierdo. - A nivel analítico destaca la presencia de dacriocitos en sangre periférica, una anemia normocítica y normocrómica con una hemoblogina de 7,2 g/dl, una leucocitosis de 21820 /mmc con aumento de los reactantes de fase aguda (Proteina C Reactiva 251,5 mg/dl y fibrinógeno 1088 mg/dl), siendo los valores de lactato y procalcitonina normales. El resto de los parámetros analíticos se encontraban dentro de los límites de la normalidad. - Los hemocultivos y urocultivos extraídos fueron todos negativos. - Se solicitaron serologías de los patógenos más frecuentemente implicados en la etiología de las adenopatías múltiples, siendo todas ellas negativas. - Se llevó a cabo una tomografía computarizada (TC) toraco-abdomino-pélvica y un PET-TC en los cuales se pone de manifiesto una afectación adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular derecho, axilar izquierdo, hiliomediastínicas, retroperitoneal, iliacas e inguinal bilateral. También se evidencian múltiples lesiones focales esplénicas y numerosas lesiones líticas óseas. Diagnóstico Ante el diagnóstico de un síndrome linfoproliferativo se decide realizar una cervicotomía para la biopsia de una de las adenopatías. Anatomía patología remite el siguiente informe: Neoplasia maligna de hábito hematológico inclasificable pero con rasgos morfológicos e inmunofenotípicos sugestivos de sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares (CD23+). Se lleva a cabo una biopsia de médula ósea (MO) que muestra una mielofibrosis secundaria a infiltración neoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de un Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV (por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas), una patología linfoide extremadamente rara, se consensua la extirpación de una segunda adenopatía y la remisión de la muestra a dos patólogos del territorio español especializados en patologías linfoides. No existen en la literatura estudios prospectivos referentes al tratamiento, los esquemas de quimioterapia comúnmente utilizados son los regímenes para el tratamiento de linfoma no Hodgkin. Por lo tanto, el 31 de julio del 2015 administramos un primer ciclo de quimioterapia según el esquema CHOP, a la espera del segundo análisis anatomopatológico. Evolución Los dos patólogos comparten la misma impresión diagnóstica: las características morfológicas, citoquímicas, inmunofenotípicas así como inmunohistoquímicas sugieren que se trate de una Enfermedad de Hodgkin. A nivel anatomopatológico, el ganglio linfático presentaba una arquitectura distorsionada, con presencia de bandas de colágeno y folículos linfoides con centros germinales en la cortical y expansión interfolicular a expensas de células de Hodgkin y de Reed-Sternberg (RS) en un entorno rico en histiocitos y linfocitos. La muestra tenía una positividad difusa en las células de RS para CD20 y focal para CD30 y CD15, expresando de forma aberrante CD23 y CD68. Por lo tanto, el diagnóstico definitivo de nuestro paciente es un Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular estadio IVB. Posteriormente, al disponer del diagnóstico definitivo, realizamos un viraje del esquema de tratamiento a la pauta ABVD. El 27 de agosto del 2015 se administró el primer ciclo de quimioterapia con la nueva pauta. Tras estos dos ciclos, solicitamos un PET-TC de reevaluación precoz que mostraba una respuesta completa según los criterios de Deauville. Se administraron un total de 6 ciclos (1 de CHOP y 5 de ABVD), el último de ellos el 30 de diciembre del 2015. En el PET-TC de reevaluación después del tratamiento persistía la respuesta completa alcanzada tras el segundo ciclo. En el momento actual, junio del 2016, el paciente es recientemente diagnósticado de una recidiva de su enfermedad. Se encuentra con quimioterapia de inducción con el esquema ESHAP previo al trasplante autólogo.

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[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]

adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical , supraclavicular is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones líticas óseas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, síndrome linfoproliferativo is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Neoplasia maligna is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, mielofibrosis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV ( por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas ) is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, linfoma no Hodgkin is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Enfermedad de Hodgkin is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA

221_task1

Sentence: Anamnesis Paciente varón de 29 años de edad que ingresa en el Hospital por un cuadro de epigastralgia de dos meses de evolución, sin asociar otro tipo de clínica digestiva. Refiere una pérdida ponderal de 9 kg en las últimas 3 semanas, sin astenia, hiporexia ni sudoración nocturna. El paciente es natural de Mali, aunque reside actualmente en España y desde hace 3 años no viaja a su país de origen. No presenta alergias medicamentosas y no relata ningún antecedente médico-quirúrgico de interés. Exploración física A nivel de la exploración física destaca la presencia de múltiples adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical, supraclavicular y axilar bilateral. El resto de la exploración no presentaba alteraciones reseñables. Pruebas complementarias - Electrocardiograma y radiografía abdominal normales. - La radiografía torácica muestra una prominencia del hilio pulmonar izquierdo. - A nivel analítico destaca la presencia de dacriocitos en sangre periférica, una anemia normocítica y normocrómica con una hemoblogina de 7,2 g/dl, una leucocitosis de 21820 /mmc con aumento de los reactantes de fase aguda (Proteina C Reactiva 251,5 mg/dl y fibrinógeno 1088 mg/dl), siendo los valores de lactato y procalcitonina normales. El resto de los parámetros analíticos se encontraban dentro de los límites de la normalidad. - Los hemocultivos y urocultivos extraídos fueron todos negativos. - Se solicitaron serologías de los patógenos más frecuentemente implicados en la etiología de las adenopatías múltiples, siendo todas ellas negativas. - Se llevó a cabo una tomografía computarizada (TC) toraco-abdomino-pélvica y un PET-TC en los cuales se pone de manifiesto una afectación adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular derecho, axilar izquierdo, hiliomediastínicas, retroperitoneal, iliacas e inguinal bilateral. También se evidencian múltiples lesiones focales esplénicas y numerosas lesiones líticas óseas. Diagnóstico Ante el diagnóstico de un síndrome linfoproliferativo se decide realizar una cervicotomía para la biopsia de una de las adenopatías. Anatomía patología remite el siguiente informe: Neoplasia maligna de hábito hematológico inclasificable pero con rasgos morfológicos e inmunofenotípicos sugestivos de sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares (CD23+). Se lleva a cabo una biopsia de médula ósea (MO) que muestra una mielofibrosis secundaria a infiltración neoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de un Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV (por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas), una patología linfoide extremadamente rara, se consensua la extirpación de una segunda adenopatía y la remisión de la muestra a dos patólogos del territorio español especializados en patologías linfoides. No existen en la literatura estudios prospectivos referentes al tratamiento, los esquemas de quimioterapia comúnmente utilizados son los regímenes para el tratamiento de linfoma no Hodgkin. Por lo tanto, el 31 de julio del 2015 administramos un primer ciclo de quimioterapia según el esquema CHOP, a la espera del segundo análisis anatomopatológico. Evolución Los dos patólogos comparten la misma impresión diagnóstica: las características morfológicas, citoquímicas, inmunofenotípicas así como inmunohistoquímicas sugieren que se trate de una Enfermedad de Hodgkin. A nivel anatomopatológico, el ganglio linfático presentaba una arquitectura distorsionada, con presencia de bandas de colágeno y folículos linfoides con centros germinales en la cortical y expansión interfolicular a expensas de células de Hodgkin y de Reed-Sternberg (RS) en un entorno rico en histiocitos y linfocitos. La muestra tenía una positividad difusa en las células de RS para CD20 y focal para CD30 y CD15, expresando de forma aberrante CD23 y CD68. Por lo tanto, el diagnóstico definitivo de nuestro paciente es un Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular estadio IVB. Posteriormente, al disponer del diagnóstico definitivo, realizamos un viraje del esquema de tratamiento a la pauta ABVD. El 27 de agosto del 2015 se administró el primer ciclo de quimioterapia con la nueva pauta. Tras estos dos ciclos, solicitamos un PET-TC de reevaluación precoz que mostraba una respuesta completa según los criterios de Deauville. Se administraron un total de 6 ciclos (1 de CHOP y 5 de ABVD), el último de ellos el 30 de diciembre del 2015. En el PET-TC de reevaluación después del tratamiento persistía la respuesta completa alcanzada tras el segundo ciclo. En el momento actual, junio del 2016, el paciente es recientemente diagnósticado de una recidiva de su enfermedad. Se encuentra con quimioterapia de inducción con el esquema ESHAP previo al trasplante autólogo. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical , supraclavicular, adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular, lesiones líticas óseas, síndrome linfoproliferativo, Neoplasia maligna, sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares, mielofibrosis, neoplásica, Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV ( por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas ), linfoma no Hodgkin, Enfermedad de Hodgkin, Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular Options: MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA

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Anamnesis Paciente varón de 29 años de edad que ingresa en el Hospital por un cuadro de epigastralgia de dos meses de evolución, sin asociar otro tipo de clínica digestiva. Refiere una pérdida ponderal de 9 kg en las últimas 3 semanas, sin astenia, hiporexia ni sudoración nocturna. El paciente es natural de Mali, aunque reside actualmente en España y desde hace 3 años no viaja a su país de origen. No presenta alergias medicamentosas y no relata ningún antecedente médico-quirúrgico de interés. Exploración física A nivel de la exploración física destaca la presencia de múltiples adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical, supraclavicular y axilar bilateral. El resto de la exploración no presentaba alteraciones reseñables. Pruebas complementarias - Electrocardiograma y radiografía abdominal normales. - La radiografía torácica muestra una prominencia del hilio pulmonar izquierdo. - A nivel analítico destaca la presencia de dacriocitos en sangre periférica, una anemia normocítica y normocrómica con una hemoblogina de 7,2 g/dl, una leucocitosis de 21820 /mmc con aumento de los reactantes de fase aguda (Proteina C Reactiva 251,5 mg/dl y fibrinógeno 1088 mg/dl), siendo los valores de lactato y procalcitonina normales. El resto de los parámetros analíticos se encontraban dentro de los límites de la normalidad. - Los hemocultivos y urocultivos extraídos fueron todos negativos. - Se solicitaron serologías de los patógenos más frecuentemente implicados en la etiología de las adenopatías múltiples, siendo todas ellas negativas. - Se llevó a cabo una tomografía computarizada (TC) toraco-abdomino-pélvica y un PET-TC en los cuales se pone de manifiesto una afectación adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular derecho, axilar izquierdo, hiliomediastínicas, retroperitoneal, iliacas e inguinal bilateral. También se evidencian múltiples lesiones focales esplénicas y numerosas lesiones líticas óseas. Diagnóstico Ante el diagnóstico de un síndrome linfoproliferativo se decide realizar una cervicotomía para la biopsia de una de las adenopatías. Anatomía patología remite el siguiente informe: Neoplasia maligna de hábito hematológico inclasificable pero con rasgos morfológicos e inmunofenotípicos sugestivos de sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares (CD23+). Se lleva a cabo una biopsia de médula ósea (MO) que muestra una mielofibrosis secundaria a infiltración neoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de un Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV (por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas), una patología linfoide extremadamente rara, se consensua la extirpación de una segunda adenopatía y la remisión de la muestra a dos patólogos del territorio español especializados en patologías linfoides. No existen en la literatura estudios prospectivos referentes al tratamiento, los esquemas de quimioterapia comúnmente utilizados son los regímenes para el tratamiento de linfoma no Hodgkin. Por lo tanto, el 31 de julio del 2015 administramos un primer ciclo de quimioterapia según el esquema CHOP, a la espera del segundo análisis anatomopatológico. Evolución Los dos patólogos comparten la misma impresión diagnóstica: las características morfológicas, citoquímicas, inmunofenotípicas así como inmunohistoquímicas sugieren que se trate de una Enfermedad de Hodgkin. A nivel anatomopatológico, el ganglio linfático presentaba una arquitectura distorsionada, con presencia de bandas de colágeno y folículos linfoides con centros germinales en la cortical y expansión interfolicular a expensas de células de Hodgkin y de Reed-Sternberg (RS) en un entorno rico en histiocitos y linfocitos. La muestra tenía una positividad difusa en las células de RS para CD20 y focal para CD30 y CD15, expresando de forma aberrante CD23 y CD68. Por lo tanto, el diagnóstico definitivo de nuestro paciente es un Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular estadio IVB. Posteriormente, al disponer del diagnóstico definitivo, realizamos un viraje del esquema de tratamiento a la pauta ABVD. El 27 de agosto del 2015 se administró el primer ciclo de quimioterapia con la nueva pauta. Tras estos dos ciclos, solicitamos un PET-TC de reevaluación precoz que mostraba una respuesta completa según los criterios de Deauville. Se administraron un total de 6 ciclos (1 de CHOP y 5 de ABVD), el último de ellos el 30 de diciembre del 2015. En el PET-TC de reevaluación después del tratamiento persistía la respuesta completa alcanzada tras el segundo ciclo. En el momento actual, junio del 2016, el paciente es recientemente diagnósticado de una recidiva de su enfermedad. Se encuentra con quimioterapia de inducción con el esquema ESHAP previo al trasplante autólogo.

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"citoquímicas", ",", "inmunofenotípicas", "así", "como", "inmunohistoquímicas", "sugieren", "que", "se", "trate", "de", "una", "Enfermedad", "de", "Hodgkin", ".", "A", "nivel", "anatomopatológico", ",", "el", "ganglio", "linfático", "presentaba", "una", "arquitectura", "distorsionada", ",", "con", "presencia", "de", "bandas", "de", "colágeno", "y", "folículos", "linfoides", "con", "centros", "germinales", "en", "la", "cortical", "y", "expansión", "interfolicular", "a", "expensas", "de", "células", "de", "Hodgkin", "y", "de", "Reed", "-", "Sternberg", "(", "RS", ")", "en", "un", "entorno", "rico", "en", "histiocitos", "y", "linfocitos", ".", "La", "muestra", "tenía", "una", "positividad", "difusa", "en", "las", "células", "de", "RS", "para", "CD20", "y", "focal", "para", "CD30", "y", "CD15", ",", "expresando", "de", "forma", "aberrante", "CD23", "y", "CD68", ".", "Por", "lo", "tanto", ",", "el", "diagnóstico", "definitivo", "de", "nuestro", "paciente", "es", "un", "Linfoma", "de", 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[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]

adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical , supraclavicular, adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular, lesiones líticas óseas, síndrome linfoproliferativo, Neoplasia maligna, sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares, mielofibrosis, neoplásica, Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV ( por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas ), linfoma no Hodgkin, Enfermedad de Hodgkin, Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular

221_task2

Sentence: Anamnesis Paciente varón de 29 años de edad que ingresa en el Hospital por un cuadro de epigastralgia de dos meses de evolución, sin asociar otro tipo de clínica digestiva. Refiere una pérdida ponderal de 9 kg en las últimas 3 semanas, sin astenia, hiporexia ni sudoración nocturna. El paciente es natural de Mali, aunque reside actualmente en España y desde hace 3 años no viaja a su país de origen. No presenta alergias medicamentosas y no relata ningún antecedente médico-quirúrgico de interés. Exploración física A nivel de la exploración física destaca la presencia de múltiples adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical, supraclavicular y axilar bilateral. El resto de la exploración no presentaba alteraciones reseñables. Pruebas complementarias - Electrocardiograma y radiografía abdominal normales. - La radiografía torácica muestra una prominencia del hilio pulmonar izquierdo. - A nivel analítico destaca la presencia de dacriocitos en sangre periférica, una anemia normocítica y normocrómica con una hemoblogina de 7,2 g/dl, una leucocitosis de 21820 /mmc con aumento de los reactantes de fase aguda (Proteina C Reactiva 251,5 mg/dl y fibrinógeno 1088 mg/dl), siendo los valores de lactato y procalcitonina normales. El resto de los parámetros analíticos se encontraban dentro de los límites de la normalidad. - Los hemocultivos y urocultivos extraídos fueron todos negativos. - Se solicitaron serologías de los patógenos más frecuentemente implicados en la etiología de las adenopatías múltiples, siendo todas ellas negativas. - Se llevó a cabo una tomografía computarizada (TC) toraco-abdomino-pélvica y un PET-TC en los cuales se pone de manifiesto una afectación adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular derecho, axilar izquierdo, hiliomediastínicas, retroperitoneal, iliacas e inguinal bilateral. También se evidencian múltiples lesiones focales esplénicas y numerosas lesiones líticas óseas. Diagnóstico Ante el diagnóstico de un síndrome linfoproliferativo se decide realizar una cervicotomía para la biopsia de una de las adenopatías. Anatomía patología remite el siguiente informe: Neoplasia maligna de hábito hematológico inclasificable pero con rasgos morfológicos e inmunofenotípicos sugestivos de sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares (CD23+). Se lleva a cabo una biopsia de médula ósea (MO) que muestra una mielofibrosis secundaria a infiltración neoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de un Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV (por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas), una patología linfoide extremadamente rara, se consensua la extirpación de una segunda adenopatía y la remisión de la muestra a dos patólogos del territorio español especializados en patologías linfoides. No existen en la literatura estudios prospectivos referentes al tratamiento, los esquemas de quimioterapia comúnmente utilizados son los regímenes para el tratamiento de linfoma no Hodgkin. Por lo tanto, el 31 de julio del 2015 administramos un primer ciclo de quimioterapia según el esquema CHOP, a la espera del segundo análisis anatomopatológico. Evolución Los dos patólogos comparten la misma impresión diagnóstica: las características morfológicas, citoquímicas, inmunofenotípicas así como inmunohistoquímicas sugieren que se trate de una Enfermedad de Hodgkin. A nivel anatomopatológico, el ganglio linfático presentaba una arquitectura distorsionada, con presencia de bandas de colágeno y folículos linfoides con centros germinales en la cortical y expansión interfolicular a expensas de células de Hodgkin y de Reed-Sternberg (RS) en un entorno rico en histiocitos y linfocitos. La muestra tenía una positividad difusa en las células de RS para CD20 y focal para CD30 y CD15, expresando de forma aberrante CD23 y CD68. Por lo tanto, el diagnóstico definitivo de nuestro paciente es un Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular estadio IVB. Posteriormente, al disponer del diagnóstico definitivo, realizamos un viraje del esquema de tratamiento a la pauta ABVD. El 27 de agosto del 2015 se administró el primer ciclo de quimioterapia con la nueva pauta. Tras estos dos ciclos, solicitamos un PET-TC de reevaluación precoz que mostraba una respuesta completa según los criterios de Deauville. Se administraron un total de 6 ciclos (1 de CHOP y 5 de ABVD), el último de ellos el 30 de diciembre del 2015. En el PET-TC de reevaluación después del tratamiento persistía la respuesta completa alcanzada tras el segundo ciclo. En el momento actual, junio del 2016, el paciente es recientemente diagnósticado de una recidiva de su enfermedad. Se encuentra con quimioterapia de inducción con el esquema ESHAP previo al trasplante autólogo. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Anamnesis Paciente varón de 29 años de edad que ingresa en el Hospital por un cuadro de epigastralgia de dos meses de evolución, sin asociar otro tipo de clínica digestiva. Refiere una pérdida ponderal de 9 kg en las últimas 3 semanas, sin astenia, hiporexia ni sudoración nocturna. El paciente es natural de Mali, aunque reside actualmente en España y desde hace 3 años no viaja a su país de origen. No presenta alergias medicamentosas y no relata ningún antecedente médico-quirúrgico de interés. Exploración física A nivel de la exploración física destaca la presencia de múltiples adenopatías a nivel lateterocervical, supraclavicular y axilar bilateral. El resto de la exploración no presentaba alteraciones reseñables. Pruebas complementarias - Electrocardiograma y radiografía abdominal normales. - La radiografía torácica muestra una prominencia del hilio pulmonar izquierdo. - A nivel analítico destaca la presencia de dacriocitos en sangre periférica, una anemia normocítica y normocrómica con una hemoblogina de 7,2 g/dl, una leucocitosis de 21820 /mmc con aumento de los reactantes de fase aguda (Proteina C Reactiva 251,5 mg/dl y fibrinógeno 1088 mg/dl), siendo los valores de lactato y procalcitonina normales. El resto de los parámetros analíticos se encontraban dentro de los límites de la normalidad. - Los hemocultivos y urocultivos extraídos fueron todos negativos. - Se solicitaron serologías de los patógenos más frecuentemente implicados en la etiología de las adenopatías múltiples, siendo todas ellas negativas. - Se llevó a cabo una tomografía computarizada (TC) toraco-abdomino-pélvica y un PET-TC en los cuales se pone de manifiesto una afectación adenopática supra e infradiafragmática de predominio supraclavicular derecho, axilar izquierdo, hiliomediastínicas, retroperitoneal, iliacas e inguinal bilateral. También se evidencian múltiples lesiones focales esplénicas y numerosas lesiones líticas óseas. Diagnóstico Ante el diagnóstico de un síndrome linfoproliferativo se decide realizar una cervicotomía para la biopsia de una de las adenopatías. Anatomía patología remite el siguiente informe: Neoplasia maligna de hábito hematológico inclasificable pero con rasgos morfológicos e inmunofenotípicos sugestivos de sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares (CD23+). Se lleva a cabo una biopsia de médula ósea (MO) que muestra una mielofibrosis secundaria a infiltración neoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de un Sarcoma de células dendríticas foliculares estadio IV (por infiltración de MO y lesiones óseas), una patología linfoide extremadamente rara, se consensua la extirpación de una segunda adenopatía y la remisión de la muestra a dos patólogos del territorio español especializados en patologías linfoides. No existen en la literatura estudios prospectivos referentes al tratamiento, los esquemas de quimioterapia comúnmente utilizados son los regímenes para el tratamiento de linfoma no Hodgkin. Por lo tanto, el 31 de julio del 2015 administramos un primer ciclo de quimioterapia según el esquema CHOP, a la espera del segundo análisis anatomopatológico. Evolución Los dos patólogos comparten la misma impresión diagnóstica: las características morfológicas, citoquímicas, inmunofenotípicas así como inmunohistoquímicas sugieren que se trate de una Enfermedad de Hodgkin. A nivel anatomopatológico, el ganglio linfático presentaba una arquitectura distorsionada, con presencia de bandas de colágeno y folículos linfoides con centros germinales en la cortical y expansión interfolicular a expensas de células de Hodgkin y de Reed-Sternberg (RS) en un entorno rico en histiocitos y linfocitos. La muestra tenía una positividad difusa en las células de RS para CD20 y focal para CD30 y CD15, expresando de forma aberrante CD23 y CD68. Por lo tanto, el diagnóstico definitivo de nuestro paciente es un Linfoma de Hodgkin clásico tipo esclerosis nodular estadio IVB. Posteriormente, al disponer del diagnóstico definitivo, realizamos un viraje del esquema de tratamiento a la pauta ABVD. El 27 de agosto del 2015 se administró el primer ciclo de quimioterapia con la nueva pauta. Tras estos dos ciclos, solicitamos un PET-TC de reevaluación precoz que mostraba una respuesta completa según los criterios de Deauville. Se administraron un total de 6 ciclos (1 de CHOP y 5 de ABVD), el último de ellos el 30 de diciembre del 2015. En el PET-TC de reevaluación después del tratamiento persistía la respuesta completa alcanzada tras el segundo ciclo. En el momento actual, junio del 2016, el paciente es recientemente diagnósticado de una recidiva de su enfermedad. Se encuentra con quimioterapia de inducción con el esquema ESHAP previo al trasplante autólogo.

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[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]

actin is a Individual_protein, profilin is a Individual_protein, profilin is a Individual_protein, actin is a Individual_protein

260_task0

Sentence: However, these mutants displayed a lower affinity for actin than wild-type profilin, suggesting that additional putative bonds created this way cannot increase profilin's affinity for actin. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Individual_protein

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However, these mutants displayed a lower affinity for actin than wild-type profilin, suggesting that additional putative bonds created this way cannot increase profilin's affinity for actin.

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[ "Individual_protein" ]

actin is a Individual_protein, profilin is a Individual_protein, profilin is a Individual_protein, actin is a Individual_protein

260_task1

Sentence: However, these mutants displayed a lower affinity for actin than wild-type profilin, suggesting that additional putative bonds created this way cannot increase profilin's affinity for actin. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: actin, profilin, profilin, actin Options: Individual_protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O" ]

However, these mutants displayed a lower affinity for actin than wild-type profilin, suggesting that additional putative bonds created this way cannot increase profilin's affinity for actin.

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[ "Individual_protein" ]

actin, profilin, profilin, actin

260_task2

Sentence: However, these mutants displayed a lower affinity for actin than wild-type profilin, suggesting that additional putative bonds created this way cannot increase profilin's affinity for actin. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O" ]

However, these mutants displayed a lower affinity for actin than wild-type profilin, suggesting that additional putative bonds created this way cannot increase profilin's affinity for actin.

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[ "Individual_protein" ]

edoxaban is a Intervention_Pharmacological, warfarin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, edoxaban with warfarin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, or warfarin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, warfarin . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, major and / or clinically relevant non - major bleeding is a Outcome_Physical, elevated hepatic enzymes and / or bilirubin is a Outcome_Physical, the incidence of bleeding is a Outcome_Physical, both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations is a Outcome_Physical, in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values is a Outcome_Physical, more bleeding is a Outcome_Physical, are safe and well - tolerated is a Outcome_Other

47015_task0

Sentence: Randomised , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational phase 2 study comparing edoxaban , an oral factor Xa inhibitor , with warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation . The primary objective of this study was to compare the safety of four fixed-dose regimens of edoxaban with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation ( AF ) . In this 12-week , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational study , 1,146 patients with AF and risk of stroke were randomised to edoxaban 30 mg qd , 30 mg bid , 60 mg qd , or 60 mg bid or warfarin dose-adjusted to a target international normalised ratio of 2.0-3.0 . The study was double-blind to edoxaban dose , but open-label to warfarin . Primary outcomes were occurrence of major and/or clinically relevant non-major bleeding and elevated hepatic enzymes and/or bilirubin . Mean age was 65 +/- 8.7 years and 64.4 % were warfarin-naïve . Whereas major plus clinically relevant non-major bleeding occurred in 3.2 % of patients randomised to warfarin , the incidence of bleeding was significantly higher with the edoxaban 60 mg bid ( 10.6 % ; p=0.002 ) and 30 mg bid regimens ( 7.8 % ; p=0.029 ) , but not with the edoxaban 60 mg qd ( 3.8 % ) or 30 mg qd regimens ( 3.0 % ) . For the same total daily dose of 60 mg , both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations were higher in the 30-mg bid group than in the 60-mg qd group . There were no significant differences in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values among the groups . The safety profiles of edoxaban 30 and 60 mg qd in patients with AF were similar to warfarin . In contrast , the edoxaban bid regimens were associated with more bleeding than warfarin . These results suggest that in this three-month study , edoxaban 30 or 60 mg qd are safe and well-tolerated . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Outcome_Other, Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Physical

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Randomised , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational phase 2 study comparing edoxaban , an oral factor Xa inhibitor , with warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation . The primary objective of this study was to compare the safety of four fixed-dose regimens of edoxaban with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation ( AF ) . In this 12-week , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational study , 1,146 patients with AF and risk of stroke were randomised to edoxaban 30 mg qd , 30 mg bid , 60 mg qd , or 60 mg bid or warfarin dose-adjusted to a target international normalised ratio of 2.0-3.0 . The study was double-blind to edoxaban dose , but open-label to warfarin . Primary outcomes were occurrence of major and/or clinically relevant non-major bleeding and elevated hepatic enzymes and/or bilirubin . Mean age was 65 +/- 8.7 years and 64.4 % were warfarin-naïve . Whereas major plus clinically relevant non-major bleeding occurred in 3.2 % of patients randomised to warfarin , the incidence of bleeding was significantly higher with the edoxaban 60 mg bid ( 10.6 % ; p=0.002 ) and 30 mg bid regimens ( 7.8 % ; p=0.029 ) , but not with the edoxaban 60 mg qd ( 3.8 % ) or 30 mg qd regimens ( 3.0 % ) . For the same total daily dose of 60 mg , both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations were higher in the 30-mg bid group than in the 60-mg qd group . There were no significant differences in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values among the groups . The safety profiles of edoxaban 30 and 60 mg qd in patients with AF were similar to warfarin . In contrast , the edoxaban bid regimens were associated with more bleeding than warfarin . These results suggest that in this three-month study , edoxaban 30 or 60 mg qd are safe and well-tolerated .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]

edoxaban is a Intervention_Pharmacological, warfarin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, edoxaban with warfarin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, or warfarin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, warfarin . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, major and / or clinically relevant non - major bleeding is a Outcome_Physical, elevated hepatic enzymes and / or bilirubin is a Outcome_Physical, the incidence of bleeding is a Outcome_Physical, both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations is a Outcome_Physical, in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values is a Outcome_Physical, more bleeding is a Outcome_Physical, are safe and well - tolerated is a Outcome_Other

47015_task1

Sentence: Randomised , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational phase 2 study comparing edoxaban , an oral factor Xa inhibitor , with warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation . The primary objective of this study was to compare the safety of four fixed-dose regimens of edoxaban with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation ( AF ) . In this 12-week , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational study , 1,146 patients with AF and risk of stroke were randomised to edoxaban 30 mg qd , 30 mg bid , 60 mg qd , or 60 mg bid or warfarin dose-adjusted to a target international normalised ratio of 2.0-3.0 . The study was double-blind to edoxaban dose , but open-label to warfarin . Primary outcomes were occurrence of major and/or clinically relevant non-major bleeding and elevated hepatic enzymes and/or bilirubin . Mean age was 65 +/- 8.7 years and 64.4 % were warfarin-naïve . Whereas major plus clinically relevant non-major bleeding occurred in 3.2 % of patients randomised to warfarin , the incidence of bleeding was significantly higher with the edoxaban 60 mg bid ( 10.6 % ; p=0.002 ) and 30 mg bid regimens ( 7.8 % ; p=0.029 ) , but not with the edoxaban 60 mg qd ( 3.8 % ) or 30 mg qd regimens ( 3.0 % ) . For the same total daily dose of 60 mg , both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations were higher in the 30-mg bid group than in the 60-mg qd group . There were no significant differences in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values among the groups . The safety profiles of edoxaban 30 and 60 mg qd in patients with AF were similar to warfarin . In contrast , the edoxaban bid regimens were associated with more bleeding than warfarin . These results suggest that in this three-month study , edoxaban 30 or 60 mg qd are safe and well-tolerated . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: edoxaban, warfarin, edoxaban with warfarin, or warfarin, warfarin ., major and / or clinically relevant non - major bleeding, elevated hepatic enzymes and / or bilirubin, the incidence of bleeding, both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations, in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values, more bleeding, are safe and well - tolerated Options: Outcome_Other, Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Physical

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Randomised , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational phase 2 study comparing edoxaban , an oral factor Xa inhibitor , with warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation . The primary objective of this study was to compare the safety of four fixed-dose regimens of edoxaban with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation ( AF ) . In this 12-week , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational study , 1,146 patients with AF and risk of stroke were randomised to edoxaban 30 mg qd , 30 mg bid , 60 mg qd , or 60 mg bid or warfarin dose-adjusted to a target international normalised ratio of 2.0-3.0 . The study was double-blind to edoxaban dose , but open-label to warfarin . Primary outcomes were occurrence of major and/or clinically relevant non-major bleeding and elevated hepatic enzymes and/or bilirubin . Mean age was 65 +/- 8.7 years and 64.4 % were warfarin-naïve . Whereas major plus clinically relevant non-major bleeding occurred in 3.2 % of patients randomised to warfarin , the incidence of bleeding was significantly higher with the edoxaban 60 mg bid ( 10.6 % ; p=0.002 ) and 30 mg bid regimens ( 7.8 % ; p=0.029 ) , but not with the edoxaban 60 mg qd ( 3.8 % ) or 30 mg qd regimens ( 3.0 % ) . For the same total daily dose of 60 mg , both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations were higher in the 30-mg bid group than in the 60-mg qd group . There were no significant differences in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values among the groups . The safety profiles of edoxaban 30 and 60 mg qd in patients with AF were similar to warfarin . In contrast , the edoxaban bid regimens were associated with more bleeding than warfarin . These results suggest that in this three-month study , edoxaban 30 or 60 mg qd are safe and well-tolerated .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]

edoxaban, warfarin, edoxaban with warfarin, or warfarin, warfarin ., major and / or clinically relevant non - major bleeding, elevated hepatic enzymes and / or bilirubin, the incidence of bleeding, both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations, in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values, more bleeding, are safe and well - tolerated

47015_task2

Sentence: Randomised , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational phase 2 study comparing edoxaban , an oral factor Xa inhibitor , with warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation . The primary objective of this study was to compare the safety of four fixed-dose regimens of edoxaban with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation ( AF ) . In this 12-week , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational study , 1,146 patients with AF and risk of stroke were randomised to edoxaban 30 mg qd , 30 mg bid , 60 mg qd , or 60 mg bid or warfarin dose-adjusted to a target international normalised ratio of 2.0-3.0 . The study was double-blind to edoxaban dose , but open-label to warfarin . Primary outcomes were occurrence of major and/or clinically relevant non-major bleeding and elevated hepatic enzymes and/or bilirubin . Mean age was 65 +/- 8.7 years and 64.4 % were warfarin-naïve . Whereas major plus clinically relevant non-major bleeding occurred in 3.2 % of patients randomised to warfarin , the incidence of bleeding was significantly higher with the edoxaban 60 mg bid ( 10.6 % ; p=0.002 ) and 30 mg bid regimens ( 7.8 % ; p=0.029 ) , but not with the edoxaban 60 mg qd ( 3.8 % ) or 30 mg qd regimens ( 3.0 % ) . For the same total daily dose of 60 mg , both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations were higher in the 30-mg bid group than in the 60-mg qd group . There were no significant differences in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values among the groups . The safety profiles of edoxaban 30 and 60 mg qd in patients with AF were similar to warfarin . In contrast , the edoxaban bid regimens were associated with more bleeding than warfarin . These results suggest that in this three-month study , edoxaban 30 or 60 mg qd are safe and well-tolerated . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O" ]

Randomised , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational phase 2 study comparing edoxaban , an oral factor Xa inhibitor , with warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation . The primary objective of this study was to compare the safety of four fixed-dose regimens of edoxaban with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation ( AF ) . In this 12-week , parallel-group , multicentre , multinational study , 1,146 patients with AF and risk of stroke were randomised to edoxaban 30 mg qd , 30 mg bid , 60 mg qd , or 60 mg bid or warfarin dose-adjusted to a target international normalised ratio of 2.0-3.0 . The study was double-blind to edoxaban dose , but open-label to warfarin . Primary outcomes were occurrence of major and/or clinically relevant non-major bleeding and elevated hepatic enzymes and/or bilirubin . Mean age was 65 +/- 8.7 years and 64.4 % were warfarin-naïve . Whereas major plus clinically relevant non-major bleeding occurred in 3.2 % of patients randomised to warfarin , the incidence of bleeding was significantly higher with the edoxaban 60 mg bid ( 10.6 % ; p=0.002 ) and 30 mg bid regimens ( 7.8 % ; p=0.029 ) , but not with the edoxaban 60 mg qd ( 3.8 % ) or 30 mg qd regimens ( 3.0 % ) . For the same total daily dose of 60 mg , both bleeding frequency and trough edoxaban concentrations were higher in the 30-mg bid group than in the 60-mg qd group . There were no significant differences in hepatic enzyme elevations or bilirubin values among the groups . The safety profiles of edoxaban 30 and 60 mg qd in patients with AF were similar to warfarin . In contrast , the edoxaban bid regimens were associated with more bleeding than warfarin . These results suggest that in this three-month study , edoxaban 30 or 60 mg qd are safe and well-tolerated .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]

porcine aminoacylase 1 is a GENE-Y

1284246_task0

Sentence: The primary structure of porcine aminoacylase 1 deduced from cDNA sequence. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The primary structure of porcine aminoacylase 1 deduced from cDNA sequence.

[ "The", "primary", "structure", "of", "porcine", "aminoacylase", "1", "deduced", "from", "cDNA", "sequence", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]

porcine aminoacylase 1 is a GENE-Y

1284246_task1

Sentence: The primary structure of porcine aminoacylase 1 deduced from cDNA sequence. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: porcine aminoacylase 1 Options: GENE-Y

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The primary structure of porcine aminoacylase 1 deduced from cDNA sequence.

[ "The", "primary", "structure", "of", "porcine", "aminoacylase", "1", "deduced", "from", "cDNA", "sequence", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]

porcine aminoacylase 1

1284246_task2

Sentence: The primary structure of porcine aminoacylase 1 deduced from cDNA sequence. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The primary structure of porcine aminoacylase 1 deduced from cDNA sequence.

[ "The", "primary", "structure", "of", "porcine", "aminoacylase", "1", "deduced", "from", "cDNA", "sequence", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]

coumarin is a CHEMICAL, 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl - chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl - chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide is a CHEMICAL, seselin is a CHEMICAL, epinephrine is a CHEMICAL, arachidonic acid is a CHEMICAL, ferric chloride is a CHEMICAL, ADP is a CHEMICAL, collagen is a GENE-N, ADP is a CHEMICAL, collagen is a GENE-N

4408_task0

Sentence: Antithrombotic activity of a newly synthesized coumarin derivative 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide. Anti-platelet therapy is a useful strategy to prevent acute thromboembolic artery occlusions. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of seselin derivatives against murine pulmonary thromboembolism, bleeding time, platelet activation and thrombosis. Administration of C3 (16 mg/kg) offered 70% protection against collagen- and epinephrine-induced pulmonary thromboembolism and 30% protection against arachidonic acid-induced death in mice, without adversely affecting bleeding time. No significant difference was observed by C3 in ferric chloride-induced arterial thrombosis in rats. Significant reduction in thrombus weight was observed in arteriovenous shunt model. In rat PRP, C3 reduced ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. In chronic hamster model of dyslipidemia, administration of C3 (16 mg/kg p.o. for 90 days) had no effect on plasma lipids, vasoreactivity and platelet adhesion. C3 fed hamsters showed reduced whole-blood aggregation response to ADP and collagen compared to HC-fed hamsters. In addition, C3 augmented thrombin time; however, time to occlusion was not increased. These results convincingly demonstrated that C3 is a novel molecule that reduces the risk of thrombosis and alleviates prothrombotic state associated with hyperlipidemia without any adverse effect on bleeding time. The high benefit/risk ratio of this compound makes it a suitable candidate for future valid studies. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Antithrombotic activity of a newly synthesized coumarin derivative 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide. Anti-platelet therapy is a useful strategy to prevent acute thromboembolic artery occlusions. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of seselin derivatives against murine pulmonary thromboembolism, bleeding time, platelet activation and thrombosis. Administration of C3 (16 mg/kg) offered 70% protection against collagen- and epinephrine-induced pulmonary thromboembolism and 30% protection against arachidonic acid-induced death in mice, without adversely affecting bleeding time. No significant difference was observed by C3 in ferric chloride-induced arterial thrombosis in rats. Significant reduction in thrombus weight was observed in arteriovenous shunt model. In rat PRP, C3 reduced ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. In chronic hamster model of dyslipidemia, administration of C3 (16 mg/kg p.o. for 90 days) had no effect on plasma lipids, vasoreactivity and platelet adhesion. C3 fed hamsters showed reduced whole-blood aggregation response to ADP and collagen compared to HC-fed hamsters. In addition, C3 augmented thrombin time; however, time to occlusion was not increased. These results convincingly demonstrated that C3 is a novel molecule that reduces the risk of thrombosis and alleviates prothrombotic state associated with hyperlipidemia without any adverse effect on bleeding time. The high benefit/risk ratio of this compound makes it a suitable candidate for future valid studies.

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[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]

coumarin is a CHEMICAL, 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl - chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl - chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide is a CHEMICAL, seselin is a CHEMICAL, epinephrine is a CHEMICAL, arachidonic acid is a CHEMICAL, ferric chloride is a CHEMICAL, ADP is a CHEMICAL, collagen is a GENE-N, ADP is a CHEMICAL, collagen is a GENE-N

4408_task1

Sentence: Antithrombotic activity of a newly synthesized coumarin derivative 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide. Anti-platelet therapy is a useful strategy to prevent acute thromboembolic artery occlusions. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of seselin derivatives against murine pulmonary thromboembolism, bleeding time, platelet activation and thrombosis. Administration of C3 (16 mg/kg) offered 70% protection against collagen- and epinephrine-induced pulmonary thromboembolism and 30% protection against arachidonic acid-induced death in mice, without adversely affecting bleeding time. No significant difference was observed by C3 in ferric chloride-induced arterial thrombosis in rats. Significant reduction in thrombus weight was observed in arteriovenous shunt model. In rat PRP, C3 reduced ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. In chronic hamster model of dyslipidemia, administration of C3 (16 mg/kg p.o. for 90 days) had no effect on plasma lipids, vasoreactivity and platelet adhesion. C3 fed hamsters showed reduced whole-blood aggregation response to ADP and collagen compared to HC-fed hamsters. In addition, C3 augmented thrombin time; however, time to occlusion was not increased. These results convincingly demonstrated that C3 is a novel molecule that reduces the risk of thrombosis and alleviates prothrombotic state associated with hyperlipidemia without any adverse effect on bleeding time. The high benefit/risk ratio of this compound makes it a suitable candidate for future valid studies. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: coumarin, 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl - chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl - chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide, seselin, epinephrine, arachidonic acid, ferric chloride, ADP, collagen, ADP, collagen Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL

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Antithrombotic activity of a newly synthesized coumarin derivative 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide. Anti-platelet therapy is a useful strategy to prevent acute thromboembolic artery occlusions. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of seselin derivatives against murine pulmonary thromboembolism, bleeding time, platelet activation and thrombosis. Administration of C3 (16 mg/kg) offered 70% protection against collagen- and epinephrine-induced pulmonary thromboembolism and 30% protection against arachidonic acid-induced death in mice, without adversely affecting bleeding time. No significant difference was observed by C3 in ferric chloride-induced arterial thrombosis in rats. Significant reduction in thrombus weight was observed in arteriovenous shunt model. In rat PRP, C3 reduced ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. In chronic hamster model of dyslipidemia, administration of C3 (16 mg/kg p.o. for 90 days) had no effect on plasma lipids, vasoreactivity and platelet adhesion. C3 fed hamsters showed reduced whole-blood aggregation response to ADP and collagen compared to HC-fed hamsters. In addition, C3 augmented thrombin time; however, time to occlusion was not increased. These results convincingly demonstrated that C3 is a novel molecule that reduces the risk of thrombosis and alleviates prothrombotic state associated with hyperlipidemia without any adverse effect on bleeding time. The high benefit/risk ratio of this compound makes it a suitable candidate for future valid studies.

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[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]

coumarin, 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl - chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl - chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide, seselin, epinephrine, arachidonic acid, ferric chloride, ADP, collagen, ADP, collagen

4408_task2

Sentence: Antithrombotic activity of a newly synthesized coumarin derivative 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide. Anti-platelet therapy is a useful strategy to prevent acute thromboembolic artery occlusions. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of seselin derivatives against murine pulmonary thromboembolism, bleeding time, platelet activation and thrombosis. Administration of C3 (16 mg/kg) offered 70% protection against collagen- and epinephrine-induced pulmonary thromboembolism and 30% protection against arachidonic acid-induced death in mice, without adversely affecting bleeding time. No significant difference was observed by C3 in ferric chloride-induced arterial thrombosis in rats. Significant reduction in thrombus weight was observed in arteriovenous shunt model. In rat PRP, C3 reduced ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. In chronic hamster model of dyslipidemia, administration of C3 (16 mg/kg p.o. for 90 days) had no effect on plasma lipids, vasoreactivity and platelet adhesion. C3 fed hamsters showed reduced whole-blood aggregation response to ADP and collagen compared to HC-fed hamsters. In addition, C3 augmented thrombin time; however, time to occlusion was not increased. These results convincingly demonstrated that C3 is a novel molecule that reduces the risk of thrombosis and alleviates prothrombotic state associated with hyperlipidemia without any adverse effect on bleeding time. The high benefit/risk ratio of this compound makes it a suitable candidate for future valid studies. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Antithrombotic activity of a newly synthesized coumarin derivative 3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-N-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-chroman-6-yl)-propionylamino]-ethyl}-propionamide. Anti-platelet therapy is a useful strategy to prevent acute thromboembolic artery occlusions. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of seselin derivatives against murine pulmonary thromboembolism, bleeding time, platelet activation and thrombosis. Administration of C3 (16 mg/kg) offered 70% protection against collagen- and epinephrine-induced pulmonary thromboembolism and 30% protection against arachidonic acid-induced death in mice, without adversely affecting bleeding time. No significant difference was observed by C3 in ferric chloride-induced arterial thrombosis in rats. Significant reduction in thrombus weight was observed in arteriovenous shunt model. In rat PRP, C3 reduced ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. In chronic hamster model of dyslipidemia, administration of C3 (16 mg/kg p.o. for 90 days) had no effect on plasma lipids, vasoreactivity and platelet adhesion. C3 fed hamsters showed reduced whole-blood aggregation response to ADP and collagen compared to HC-fed hamsters. In addition, C3 augmented thrombin time; however, time to occlusion was not increased. These results convincingly demonstrated that C3 is a novel molecule that reduces the risk of thrombosis and alleviates prothrombotic state associated with hyperlipidemia without any adverse effect on bleeding time. The high benefit/risk ratio of this compound makes it a suitable candidate for future valid studies.

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[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]

aim is an umlsterm, assessment is an umlsterm, systolic is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, aortic valve is an umlsterm, aortic valve stenosis is an umlsterm, regression is an umlsterm, LV hypertrophy is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, systolic is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, aortic valve stenosis is an umlsterm, female is an umlsterm, male is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, aortic regurgitation is an umlsterm, All is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, transthoracic echocardiography is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, indices is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, aortic valve is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, posterior is an umlsterm, index is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, aortic valve is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, systolic is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, regression is an umlsterm, muscle is an umlsterm

ZfuerKardiologie.90880283.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: The aim of the study was the assessment of left ventricular ( LV ) systolic function and left ventricular mass following aortic valve replacement ( AVR ) due to aortic valve stenosis as well as the influence of regression of LV hypertrophy in patients with normal and impaired LV systolic function prior to surgery . 74 patients with severe aortic valve stenosis ( 29 female , 45 male , mean age 66 +/- 18 years ) were divided into 2 groups according to LV ejection fraction ( EF ) : Group 1 with EF > 50% ( n = 40 ) ; Group 2 with EF = 50% ( n = 34 ) . Furthermore , patients were differentiated into a group A without ( n = 53 ) and a group B with aortic regurgitation ( = II ° , n = 21 ) . All patients were examined by transthoracic echocardiography before and 1 month after surgery . There was a significant decrease of LV enddiastolic and endsystolic valume indices following AVR in group 2 and group B. Patients with preoperatively lower EF ( group 2 ) showed an increase in LV ejection fraction from 39 +/- 10% before AVR to 47 +/- 11% after AVR ( p 0.001 ) , whereas patients with preoperative normal EF ( group 1 ) showed a significant decrease in EF ( from 62 +/- 8% to 57 +/- 10% , p 0.05 ) . Also patients with combined aortic valve disease before AVR had an increase of EF after surgery ( from 45 %plusmn; 14% to 56 +/- 14% , p 0.03 ) . There were significant decreases of interventricular septum thickness and LV posterior wall thickness in group 1 and group A , whereas a significant decrease of LV anddiastolic diameter index was noted only in group B. Improvement of the NYHA functional class could be demonstrated in group 2 from 2.8 +/- 0.7 before to 2.2 +/- 0.6 after AVR , as well as in group B from 2.9 +/- 0.7 before to 1.9 +/- 0.7 after surgery . In conclusion , patients with impaired LV function or combined aortic valve disease showed a significant improvement of left ventricular systolic function after AVR , while patients with normal LV function presented a slight decrease of EF . There was a significant regression of left ventricular muscle mass in all groups independent of the left ventricular functional status . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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The aim of the study was the assessment of left ventricular ( LV ) systolic function and left ventricular mass following aortic valve replacement ( AVR ) due to aortic valve stenosis as well as the influence of regression of LV hypertrophy in patients with normal and impaired LV systolic function prior to surgery . 74 patients with severe aortic valve stenosis ( 29 female , 45 male , mean age 66 +/- 18 years ) were divided into 2 groups according to LV ejection fraction ( EF ) : Group 1 with EF > 50% ( n = 40 ) ; Group 2 with EF = 50% ( n = 34 ) . Furthermore , patients were differentiated into a group A without ( n = 53 ) and a group B with aortic regurgitation ( = II ° , n = 21 ) . All patients were examined by transthoracic echocardiography before and 1 month after surgery . There was a significant decrease of LV enddiastolic and endsystolic valume indices following AVR in group 2 and group B. Patients with preoperatively lower EF ( group 2 ) showed an increase in LV ejection fraction from 39 +/- 10% before AVR to 47 +/- 11% after AVR ( p 0.001 ) , whereas patients with preoperative normal EF ( group 1 ) showed a significant decrease in EF ( from 62 +/- 8% to 57 +/- 10% , p 0.05 ) . Also patients with combined aortic valve disease before AVR had an increase of EF after surgery ( from 45 %plusmn; 14% to 56 +/- 14% , p 0.03 ) . There were significant decreases of interventricular septum thickness and LV posterior wall thickness in group 1 and group A , whereas a significant decrease of LV anddiastolic diameter index was noted only in group B. Improvement of the NYHA functional class could be demonstrated in group 2 from 2.8 +/- 0.7 before to 2.2 +/- 0.6 after AVR , as well as in group B from 2.9 +/- 0.7 before to 1.9 +/- 0.7 after surgery . In conclusion , patients with impaired LV function or combined aortic valve disease showed a significant improvement of left ventricular systolic function after AVR , while patients with normal LV function presented a slight decrease of EF . There was a significant regression of left ventricular muscle mass in all groups independent of the left ventricular functional status .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

aim is an umlsterm, assessment is an umlsterm, systolic is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, aortic valve is an umlsterm, aortic valve stenosis is an umlsterm, regression is an umlsterm, LV hypertrophy is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, systolic is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, aortic valve stenosis is an umlsterm, female is an umlsterm, male is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, aortic regurgitation is an umlsterm, All is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, transthoracic echocardiography is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, indices is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, aortic valve is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, posterior is an umlsterm, index is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, aortic valve is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, systolic is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, regression is an umlsterm, muscle is an umlsterm

ZfuerKardiologie.90880283.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: The aim of the study was the assessment of left ventricular ( LV ) systolic function and left ventricular mass following aortic valve replacement ( AVR ) due to aortic valve stenosis as well as the influence of regression of LV hypertrophy in patients with normal and impaired LV systolic function prior to surgery . 74 patients with severe aortic valve stenosis ( 29 female , 45 male , mean age 66 +/- 18 years ) were divided into 2 groups according to LV ejection fraction ( EF ) : Group 1 with EF > 50% ( n = 40 ) ; Group 2 with EF = 50% ( n = 34 ) . Furthermore , patients were differentiated into a group A without ( n = 53 ) and a group B with aortic regurgitation ( = II ° , n = 21 ) . All patients were examined by transthoracic echocardiography before and 1 month after surgery . There was a significant decrease of LV enddiastolic and endsystolic valume indices following AVR in group 2 and group B. Patients with preoperatively lower EF ( group 2 ) showed an increase in LV ejection fraction from 39 +/- 10% before AVR to 47 +/- 11% after AVR ( p 0.001 ) , whereas patients with preoperative normal EF ( group 1 ) showed a significant decrease in EF ( from 62 +/- 8% to 57 +/- 10% , p 0.05 ) . Also patients with combined aortic valve disease before AVR had an increase of EF after surgery ( from 45 %plusmn; 14% to 56 +/- 14% , p 0.03 ) . There were significant decreases of interventricular septum thickness and LV posterior wall thickness in group 1 and group A , whereas a significant decrease of LV anddiastolic diameter index was noted only in group B. Improvement of the NYHA functional class could be demonstrated in group 2 from 2.8 +/- 0.7 before to 2.2 +/- 0.6 after AVR , as well as in group B from 2.9 +/- 0.7 before to 1.9 +/- 0.7 after surgery . In conclusion , patients with impaired LV function or combined aortic valve disease showed a significant improvement of left ventricular systolic function after AVR , while patients with normal LV function presented a slight decrease of EF . There was a significant regression of left ventricular muscle mass in all groups independent of the left ventricular functional status . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: aim, assessment, systolic, function, aortic valve, aortic valve stenosis, regression, LV hypertrophy, patients, systolic, function, surgery, patients, aortic valve stenosis, female, male, age, patients, aortic regurgitation, All, patients, transthoracic echocardiography, surgery, indices, Patients, patients, patients, aortic valve, disease, surgery, posterior, index, surgery, patients, function, aortic valve, disease, systolic, function, patients, function, regression, muscle Options: umlsterm

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The aim of the study was the assessment of left ventricular ( LV ) systolic function and left ventricular mass following aortic valve replacement ( AVR ) due to aortic valve stenosis as well as the influence of regression of LV hypertrophy in patients with normal and impaired LV systolic function prior to surgery . 74 patients with severe aortic valve stenosis ( 29 female , 45 male , mean age 66 +/- 18 years ) were divided into 2 groups according to LV ejection fraction ( EF ) : Group 1 with EF > 50% ( n = 40 ) ; Group 2 with EF = 50% ( n = 34 ) . Furthermore , patients were differentiated into a group A without ( n = 53 ) and a group B with aortic regurgitation ( = II ° , n = 21 ) . All patients were examined by transthoracic echocardiography before and 1 month after surgery . There was a significant decrease of LV enddiastolic and endsystolic valume indices following AVR in group 2 and group B. Patients with preoperatively lower EF ( group 2 ) showed an increase in LV ejection fraction from 39 +/- 10% before AVR to 47 +/- 11% after AVR ( p 0.001 ) , whereas patients with preoperative normal EF ( group 1 ) showed a significant decrease in EF ( from 62 +/- 8% to 57 +/- 10% , p 0.05 ) . Also patients with combined aortic valve disease before AVR had an increase of EF after surgery ( from 45 %plusmn; 14% to 56 +/- 14% , p 0.03 ) . There were significant decreases of interventricular septum thickness and LV posterior wall thickness in group 1 and group A , whereas a significant decrease of LV anddiastolic diameter index was noted only in group B. Improvement of the NYHA functional class could be demonstrated in group 2 from 2.8 +/- 0.7 before to 2.2 +/- 0.6 after AVR , as well as in group B from 2.9 +/- 0.7 before to 1.9 +/- 0.7 after surgery . In conclusion , patients with impaired LV function or combined aortic valve disease showed a significant improvement of left ventricular systolic function after AVR , while patients with normal LV function presented a slight decrease of EF . There was a significant regression of left ventricular muscle mass in all groups independent of the left ventricular functional status .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

aim, assessment, systolic, function, aortic valve, aortic valve stenosis, regression, LV hypertrophy, patients, systolic, function, surgery, patients, aortic valve stenosis, female, male, age, patients, aortic regurgitation, All, patients, transthoracic echocardiography, surgery, indices, Patients, patients, patients, aortic valve, disease, surgery, posterior, index, surgery, patients, function, aortic valve, disease, systolic, function, patients, function, regression, muscle

ZfuerKardiologie.90880283.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: The aim of the study was the assessment of left ventricular ( LV ) systolic function and left ventricular mass following aortic valve replacement ( AVR ) due to aortic valve stenosis as well as the influence of regression of LV hypertrophy in patients with normal and impaired LV systolic function prior to surgery . 74 patients with severe aortic valve stenosis ( 29 female , 45 male , mean age 66 +/- 18 years ) were divided into 2 groups according to LV ejection fraction ( EF ) : Group 1 with EF > 50% ( n = 40 ) ; Group 2 with EF = 50% ( n = 34 ) . Furthermore , patients were differentiated into a group A without ( n = 53 ) and a group B with aortic regurgitation ( = II ° , n = 21 ) . All patients were examined by transthoracic echocardiography before and 1 month after surgery . There was a significant decrease of LV enddiastolic and endsystolic valume indices following AVR in group 2 and group B. Patients with preoperatively lower EF ( group 2 ) showed an increase in LV ejection fraction from 39 +/- 10% before AVR to 47 +/- 11% after AVR ( p 0.001 ) , whereas patients with preoperative normal EF ( group 1 ) showed a significant decrease in EF ( from 62 +/- 8% to 57 +/- 10% , p 0.05 ) . Also patients with combined aortic valve disease before AVR had an increase of EF after surgery ( from 45 %plusmn; 14% to 56 +/- 14% , p 0.03 ) . There were significant decreases of interventricular septum thickness and LV posterior wall thickness in group 1 and group A , whereas a significant decrease of LV anddiastolic diameter index was noted only in group B. Improvement of the NYHA functional class could be demonstrated in group 2 from 2.8 +/- 0.7 before to 2.2 +/- 0.6 after AVR , as well as in group B from 2.9 +/- 0.7 before to 1.9 +/- 0.7 after surgery . In conclusion , patients with impaired LV function or combined aortic valve disease showed a significant improvement of left ventricular systolic function after AVR , while patients with normal LV function presented a slight decrease of EF . There was a significant regression of left ventricular muscle mass in all groups independent of the left ventricular functional status . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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The aim of the study was the assessment of left ventricular ( LV ) systolic function and left ventricular mass following aortic valve replacement ( AVR ) due to aortic valve stenosis as well as the influence of regression of LV hypertrophy in patients with normal and impaired LV systolic function prior to surgery . 74 patients with severe aortic valve stenosis ( 29 female , 45 male , mean age 66 +/- 18 years ) were divided into 2 groups according to LV ejection fraction ( EF ) : Group 1 with EF > 50% ( n = 40 ) ; Group 2 with EF = 50% ( n = 34 ) . Furthermore , patients were differentiated into a group A without ( n = 53 ) and a group B with aortic regurgitation ( = II ° , n = 21 ) . All patients were examined by transthoracic echocardiography before and 1 month after surgery . There was a significant decrease of LV enddiastolic and endsystolic valume indices following AVR in group 2 and group B. Patients with preoperatively lower EF ( group 2 ) showed an increase in LV ejection fraction from 39 +/- 10% before AVR to 47 +/- 11% after AVR ( p 0.001 ) , whereas patients with preoperative normal EF ( group 1 ) showed a significant decrease in EF ( from 62 +/- 8% to 57 +/- 10% , p 0.05 ) . Also patients with combined aortic valve disease before AVR had an increase of EF after surgery ( from 45 %plusmn; 14% to 56 +/- 14% , p 0.03 ) . There were significant decreases of interventricular septum thickness and LV posterior wall thickness in group 1 and group A , whereas a significant decrease of LV anddiastolic diameter index was noted only in group B. Improvement of the NYHA functional class could be demonstrated in group 2 from 2.8 +/- 0.7 before to 2.2 +/- 0.6 after AVR , as well as in group B from 2.9 +/- 0.7 before to 1.9 +/- 0.7 after surgery . In conclusion , patients with impaired LV function or combined aortic valve disease showed a significant improvement of left ventricular systolic function after AVR , while patients with normal LV function presented a slight decrease of EF . There was a significant regression of left ventricular muscle mass in all groups independent of the left ventricular functional status .

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DerAnaesthesist.50440154.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Methods . To assess the occupational exposure of the anaesthetist to anaesthetic gases , a total of 1 German and 25 Swiss hospitals were investigated . A Brueel & Kjær Type 1302 multi-gas monitor was used to measure concentrations of nitrous oxide and halogenated anaesthetic agents in the anaesthetist's breathing zone . Measurements were performed during 114 general anaesthetic , 55 of which were in patients under 11 years of age . In these 55 patients , the influence of various factors on the exposure ( time-weighted average concentrations ) was estimated by comparing different data groups . The efficiency of the applied scavenging equipment was examined by surveying the exhalation valve with a leak detector ( type TIF 5600 , TIF Instruments , Miami ) . Results . Sessions with patients under 11 years of age revealed much higher anaesthetic gas exposures compared to older patients . The concentrations of nitrous oxide were on average threefold ( Fig . 1 ) , those of the halogenated anaesthetics fivefold higher ( Fig . 2 ) for the younger patients . In 11- to 16-year-old patients the exposure level was the same as in adult patients . The measurements showed a reduction of 85% in exposure if an efficient scavenging system ( i.e. , no waste gas discharge to room air through the exhalation valve ) or lower fresh gas flow were used ( Fig . 4 ) ; 42% of the inspected scavengers were inefficient , and reduced the exposure on average by only 30% . In operating theatres with a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h , the measured concentrations of anaesthetic gases in the inhalation zone of the anaesthetists were reduced more than 50% compared to poorly ventilated rooms ( Figs . 4 and 5 ) . The use of tracheal intubation or laryngeal mask airway ( LMA ) anaesthesia resulted in a reduction of 80% in exposure compared to standard face masks if efficient scavenging was used . The exposures during sessions with inefficiently scavenged Bain coaxial systems or unscavenged semi-open delivery systems of the Jackson-Rees type were tenfold higher than with scavenged rebreathing circuit systems ( Fig . 6 ) . During anaesthesia with IV or double-mask induction , the average levels of inhalation anaesthetics were reduced by about 80% compared to inhalational induction with standard masks ( Fig . 7 ) . The anaesthetist's working technique is a very important factor that strongly influences the concentrations . Poor work practices , like lifting off the face mask with anaesthetic gas flow turned on , increased the exposure of the anaesthetist and other operating room personnel drastically , even if the other conditions ( scavenger and room ventilation ) were good . Discussion . The exposure levels of anaesthetic gases are generally higher during anaesthesia in children up to 10 years of age than in older patients . Nevertheless , the measurements showed that exposure during paediatric anaesthesia can be kept below the recommended limit ( 8-h TWA in Switzerland ) of 100 ppm nitrous oxide and 5 ppm halothane or 10 ppm enflurane or isoflurane . Causes of high exposures were particularly high fresh gas flows often applied without scavenging or together with inefficient scavenging devices and the high part of mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction with a loosely held mask . To achieve an effective reduction of occupational exposure , well-adjusted and maintained scavenging systems and low-leakage work practices are of primary importance . As leakage can never be completely avoided , a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h should be maintained in operating rooms and rooms where anaesthesia is induced to keep down concentrations of waste anaesthetic gases . High exposure during mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction can be prevented by further measures . Using a LMA instead of a standard mask reduces the exposure to the same level as endotracheal intubation . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Methods . To assess the occupational exposure of the anaesthetist to anaesthetic gases , a total of 1 German and 25 Swiss hospitals were investigated . A Brueel & Kjær Type 1302 multi-gas monitor was used to measure concentrations of nitrous oxide and halogenated anaesthetic agents in the anaesthetist's breathing zone . Measurements were performed during 114 general anaesthetic , 55 of which were in patients under 11 years of age . In these 55 patients , the influence of various factors on the exposure ( time-weighted average concentrations ) was estimated by comparing different data groups . The efficiency of the applied scavenging equipment was examined by surveying the exhalation valve with a leak detector ( type TIF 5600 , TIF Instruments , Miami ) . Results . Sessions with patients under 11 years of age revealed much higher anaesthetic gas exposures compared to older patients . The concentrations of nitrous oxide were on average threefold ( Fig . 1 ) , those of the halogenated anaesthetics fivefold higher ( Fig . 2 ) for the younger patients . In 11- to 16-year-old patients the exposure level was the same as in adult patients . The measurements showed a reduction of 85% in exposure if an efficient scavenging system ( i.e. , no waste gas discharge to room air through the exhalation valve ) or lower fresh gas flow were used ( Fig . 4 ) ; 42% of the inspected scavengers were inefficient , and reduced the exposure on average by only 30% . In operating theatres with a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h , the measured concentrations of anaesthetic gases in the inhalation zone of the anaesthetists were reduced more than 50% compared to poorly ventilated rooms ( Figs . 4 and 5 ) . The use of tracheal intubation or laryngeal mask airway ( LMA ) anaesthesia resulted in a reduction of 80% in exposure compared to standard face masks if efficient scavenging was used . The exposures during sessions with inefficiently scavenged Bain coaxial systems or unscavenged semi-open delivery systems of the Jackson-Rees type were tenfold higher than with scavenged rebreathing circuit systems ( Fig . 6 ) . During anaesthesia with IV or double-mask induction , the average levels of inhalation anaesthetics were reduced by about 80% compared to inhalational induction with standard masks ( Fig . 7 ) . The anaesthetist's working technique is a very important factor that strongly influences the concentrations . Poor work practices , like lifting off the face mask with anaesthetic gas flow turned on , increased the exposure of the anaesthetist and other operating room personnel drastically , even if the other conditions ( scavenger and room ventilation ) were good . Discussion . The exposure levels of anaesthetic gases are generally higher during anaesthesia in children up to 10 years of age than in older patients . Nevertheless , the measurements showed that exposure during paediatric anaesthesia can be kept below the recommended limit ( 8-h TWA in Switzerland ) of 100 ppm nitrous oxide and 5 ppm halothane or 10 ppm enflurane or isoflurane . Causes of high exposures were particularly high fresh gas flows often applied without scavenging or together with inefficient scavenging devices and the high part of mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction with a loosely held mask . To achieve an effective reduction of occupational exposure , well-adjusted and maintained scavenging systems and low-leakage work practices are of primary importance . As leakage can never be completely avoided , a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h should be maintained in operating rooms and rooms where anaesthesia is induced to keep down concentrations of waste anaesthetic gases . High exposure during mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction can be prevented by further measures . Using a LMA instead of a standard mask reduces the exposure to the same level as endotracheal intubation .

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DerAnaesthesist.50440154.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Methods . To assess the occupational exposure of the anaesthetist to anaesthetic gases , a total of 1 German and 25 Swiss hospitals were investigated . A Brueel & Kjær Type 1302 multi-gas monitor was used to measure concentrations of nitrous oxide and halogenated anaesthetic agents in the anaesthetist's breathing zone . Measurements were performed during 114 general anaesthetic , 55 of which were in patients under 11 years of age . In these 55 patients , the influence of various factors on the exposure ( time-weighted average concentrations ) was estimated by comparing different data groups . The efficiency of the applied scavenging equipment was examined by surveying the exhalation valve with a leak detector ( type TIF 5600 , TIF Instruments , Miami ) . Results . Sessions with patients under 11 years of age revealed much higher anaesthetic gas exposures compared to older patients . The concentrations of nitrous oxide were on average threefold ( Fig . 1 ) , those of the halogenated anaesthetics fivefold higher ( Fig . 2 ) for the younger patients . In 11- to 16-year-old patients the exposure level was the same as in adult patients . The measurements showed a reduction of 85% in exposure if an efficient scavenging system ( i.e. , no waste gas discharge to room air through the exhalation valve ) or lower fresh gas flow were used ( Fig . 4 ) ; 42% of the inspected scavengers were inefficient , and reduced the exposure on average by only 30% . In operating theatres with a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h , the measured concentrations of anaesthetic gases in the inhalation zone of the anaesthetists were reduced more than 50% compared to poorly ventilated rooms ( Figs . 4 and 5 ) . The use of tracheal intubation or laryngeal mask airway ( LMA ) anaesthesia resulted in a reduction of 80% in exposure compared to standard face masks if efficient scavenging was used . The exposures during sessions with inefficiently scavenged Bain coaxial systems or unscavenged semi-open delivery systems of the Jackson-Rees type were tenfold higher than with scavenged rebreathing circuit systems ( Fig . 6 ) . During anaesthesia with IV or double-mask induction , the average levels of inhalation anaesthetics were reduced by about 80% compared to inhalational induction with standard masks ( Fig . 7 ) . The anaesthetist's working technique is a very important factor that strongly influences the concentrations . Poor work practices , like lifting off the face mask with anaesthetic gas flow turned on , increased the exposure of the anaesthetist and other operating room personnel drastically , even if the other conditions ( scavenger and room ventilation ) were good . Discussion . The exposure levels of anaesthetic gases are generally higher during anaesthesia in children up to 10 years of age than in older patients . Nevertheless , the measurements showed that exposure during paediatric anaesthesia can be kept below the recommended limit ( 8-h TWA in Switzerland ) of 100 ppm nitrous oxide and 5 ppm halothane or 10 ppm enflurane or isoflurane . Causes of high exposures were particularly high fresh gas flows often applied without scavenging or together with inefficient scavenging devices and the high part of mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction with a loosely held mask . To achieve an effective reduction of occupational exposure , well-adjusted and maintained scavenging systems and low-leakage work practices are of primary importance . As leakage can never be completely avoided , a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h should be maintained in operating rooms and rooms where anaesthesia is induced to keep down concentrations of waste anaesthetic gases . High exposure during mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction can be prevented by further measures . Using a LMA instead of a standard mask reduces the exposure to the same level as endotracheal intubation . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Methods, occupational exposure, anaesthetic, gases, hospitals, multi - gas, monitor, concentrations, nitrous oxide, anaesthetic, anaesthetist 's, breathing, Measurements, general anaesthetic, patients, age, patients, concentrations, efficiency, equipment, Instruments, patients, age, anaesthetic, gas, older, patients, concentrations, nitrous oxide, anaesthetics, patients, patients, adult, patients, measurements, gas, discharge, air, gas, operating theatres, ventilation, air, concentrations, anaesthetic, gases, inhalation, use, tracheal intubation, laryngeal mask airway, standard, face, masks, semi - open, delivery, inhalation anaesthetics, standard, masks, anaesthetist 's, technique, concentrations, work, face, mask, anaesthetic, gas, operating room, personnel, ventilation, anaesthetic, gases, children, age, older, patients, measurements, Switzerland, nitrous oxide, halothane, enflurane, isoflurane, Causes, gas, devices, mask, inhalation, mask, occupational exposure, work, ventilation, air, operating rooms, concentrations, anaesthetic, gases, mask, inhalation, measures, standard, mask, endotracheal intubation Options: umlsterm

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Methods . To assess the occupational exposure of the anaesthetist to anaesthetic gases , a total of 1 German and 25 Swiss hospitals were investigated . A Brueel & Kjær Type 1302 multi-gas monitor was used to measure concentrations of nitrous oxide and halogenated anaesthetic agents in the anaesthetist's breathing zone . Measurements were performed during 114 general anaesthetic , 55 of which were in patients under 11 years of age . In these 55 patients , the influence of various factors on the exposure ( time-weighted average concentrations ) was estimated by comparing different data groups . The efficiency of the applied scavenging equipment was examined by surveying the exhalation valve with a leak detector ( type TIF 5600 , TIF Instruments , Miami ) . Results . Sessions with patients under 11 years of age revealed much higher anaesthetic gas exposures compared to older patients . The concentrations of nitrous oxide were on average threefold ( Fig . 1 ) , those of the halogenated anaesthetics fivefold higher ( Fig . 2 ) for the younger patients . In 11- to 16-year-old patients the exposure level was the same as in adult patients . The measurements showed a reduction of 85% in exposure if an efficient scavenging system ( i.e. , no waste gas discharge to room air through the exhalation valve ) or lower fresh gas flow were used ( Fig . 4 ) ; 42% of the inspected scavengers were inefficient , and reduced the exposure on average by only 30% . In operating theatres with a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h , the measured concentrations of anaesthetic gases in the inhalation zone of the anaesthetists were reduced more than 50% compared to poorly ventilated rooms ( Figs . 4 and 5 ) . The use of tracheal intubation or laryngeal mask airway ( LMA ) anaesthesia resulted in a reduction of 80% in exposure compared to standard face masks if efficient scavenging was used . The exposures during sessions with inefficiently scavenged Bain coaxial systems or unscavenged semi-open delivery systems of the Jackson-Rees type were tenfold higher than with scavenged rebreathing circuit systems ( Fig . 6 ) . During anaesthesia with IV or double-mask induction , the average levels of inhalation anaesthetics were reduced by about 80% compared to inhalational induction with standard masks ( Fig . 7 ) . The anaesthetist's working technique is a very important factor that strongly influences the concentrations . Poor work practices , like lifting off the face mask with anaesthetic gas flow turned on , increased the exposure of the anaesthetist and other operating room personnel drastically , even if the other conditions ( scavenger and room ventilation ) were good . Discussion . The exposure levels of anaesthetic gases are generally higher during anaesthesia in children up to 10 years of age than in older patients . Nevertheless , the measurements showed that exposure during paediatric anaesthesia can be kept below the recommended limit ( 8-h TWA in Switzerland ) of 100 ppm nitrous oxide and 5 ppm halothane or 10 ppm enflurane or isoflurane . Causes of high exposures were particularly high fresh gas flows often applied without scavenging or together with inefficient scavenging devices and the high part of mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction with a loosely held mask . To achieve an effective reduction of occupational exposure , well-adjusted and maintained scavenging systems and low-leakage work practices are of primary importance . As leakage can never be completely avoided , a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h should be maintained in operating rooms and rooms where anaesthesia is induced to keep down concentrations of waste anaesthetic gases . High exposure during mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction can be prevented by further measures . Using a LMA instead of a standard mask reduces the exposure to the same level as endotracheal intubation .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Methods, occupational exposure, anaesthetic, gases, hospitals, multi - gas, monitor, concentrations, nitrous oxide, anaesthetic, anaesthetist 's, breathing, Measurements, general anaesthetic, patients, age, patients, concentrations, efficiency, equipment, Instruments, patients, age, anaesthetic, gas, older, patients, concentrations, nitrous oxide, anaesthetics, patients, patients, adult, patients, measurements, gas, discharge, air, gas, operating theatres, ventilation, air, concentrations, anaesthetic, gases, inhalation, use, tracheal intubation, laryngeal mask airway, standard, face, masks, semi - open, delivery, inhalation anaesthetics, standard, masks, anaesthetist 's, technique, concentrations, work, face, mask, anaesthetic, gas, operating room, personnel, ventilation, anaesthetic, gases, children, age, older, patients, measurements, Switzerland, nitrous oxide, halothane, enflurane, isoflurane, Causes, gas, devices, mask, inhalation, mask, occupational exposure, work, ventilation, air, operating rooms, concentrations, anaesthetic, gases, mask, inhalation, measures, standard, mask, endotracheal intubation

DerAnaesthesist.50440154.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Methods . To assess the occupational exposure of the anaesthetist to anaesthetic gases , a total of 1 German and 25 Swiss hospitals were investigated . A Brueel & Kjær Type 1302 multi-gas monitor was used to measure concentrations of nitrous oxide and halogenated anaesthetic agents in the anaesthetist's breathing zone . Measurements were performed during 114 general anaesthetic , 55 of which were in patients under 11 years of age . In these 55 patients , the influence of various factors on the exposure ( time-weighted average concentrations ) was estimated by comparing different data groups . The efficiency of the applied scavenging equipment was examined by surveying the exhalation valve with a leak detector ( type TIF 5600 , TIF Instruments , Miami ) . Results . Sessions with patients under 11 years of age revealed much higher anaesthetic gas exposures compared to older patients . The concentrations of nitrous oxide were on average threefold ( Fig . 1 ) , those of the halogenated anaesthetics fivefold higher ( Fig . 2 ) for the younger patients . In 11- to 16-year-old patients the exposure level was the same as in adult patients . The measurements showed a reduction of 85% in exposure if an efficient scavenging system ( i.e. , no waste gas discharge to room air through the exhalation valve ) or lower fresh gas flow were used ( Fig . 4 ) ; 42% of the inspected scavengers were inefficient , and reduced the exposure on average by only 30% . In operating theatres with a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h , the measured concentrations of anaesthetic gases in the inhalation zone of the anaesthetists were reduced more than 50% compared to poorly ventilated rooms ( Figs . 4 and 5 ) . The use of tracheal intubation or laryngeal mask airway ( LMA ) anaesthesia resulted in a reduction of 80% in exposure compared to standard face masks if efficient scavenging was used . The exposures during sessions with inefficiently scavenged Bain coaxial systems or unscavenged semi-open delivery systems of the Jackson-Rees type were tenfold higher than with scavenged rebreathing circuit systems ( Fig . 6 ) . During anaesthesia with IV or double-mask induction , the average levels of inhalation anaesthetics were reduced by about 80% compared to inhalational induction with standard masks ( Fig . 7 ) . The anaesthetist's working technique is a very important factor that strongly influences the concentrations . Poor work practices , like lifting off the face mask with anaesthetic gas flow turned on , increased the exposure of the anaesthetist and other operating room personnel drastically , even if the other conditions ( scavenger and room ventilation ) were good . Discussion . The exposure levels of anaesthetic gases are generally higher during anaesthesia in children up to 10 years of age than in older patients . Nevertheless , the measurements showed that exposure during paediatric anaesthesia can be kept below the recommended limit ( 8-h TWA in Switzerland ) of 100 ppm nitrous oxide and 5 ppm halothane or 10 ppm enflurane or isoflurane . Causes of high exposures were particularly high fresh gas flows often applied without scavenging or together with inefficient scavenging devices and the high part of mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction with a loosely held mask . To achieve an effective reduction of occupational exposure , well-adjusted and maintained scavenging systems and low-leakage work practices are of primary importance . As leakage can never be completely avoided , a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h should be maintained in operating rooms and rooms where anaesthesia is induced to keep down concentrations of waste anaesthetic gases . High exposure during mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction can be prevented by further measures . Using a LMA instead of a standard mask reduces the exposure to the same level as endotracheal intubation . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Methods . To assess the occupational exposure of the anaesthetist to anaesthetic gases , a total of 1 German and 25 Swiss hospitals were investigated . A Brueel & Kjær Type 1302 multi-gas monitor was used to measure concentrations of nitrous oxide and halogenated anaesthetic agents in the anaesthetist's breathing zone . Measurements were performed during 114 general anaesthetic , 55 of which were in patients under 11 years of age . In these 55 patients , the influence of various factors on the exposure ( time-weighted average concentrations ) was estimated by comparing different data groups . The efficiency of the applied scavenging equipment was examined by surveying the exhalation valve with a leak detector ( type TIF 5600 , TIF Instruments , Miami ) . Results . Sessions with patients under 11 years of age revealed much higher anaesthetic gas exposures compared to older patients . The concentrations of nitrous oxide were on average threefold ( Fig . 1 ) , those of the halogenated anaesthetics fivefold higher ( Fig . 2 ) for the younger patients . In 11- to 16-year-old patients the exposure level was the same as in adult patients . The measurements showed a reduction of 85% in exposure if an efficient scavenging system ( i.e. , no waste gas discharge to room air through the exhalation valve ) or lower fresh gas flow were used ( Fig . 4 ) ; 42% of the inspected scavengers were inefficient , and reduced the exposure on average by only 30% . In operating theatres with a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h , the measured concentrations of anaesthetic gases in the inhalation zone of the anaesthetists were reduced more than 50% compared to poorly ventilated rooms ( Figs . 4 and 5 ) . The use of tracheal intubation or laryngeal mask airway ( LMA ) anaesthesia resulted in a reduction of 80% in exposure compared to standard face masks if efficient scavenging was used . The exposures during sessions with inefficiently scavenged Bain coaxial systems or unscavenged semi-open delivery systems of the Jackson-Rees type were tenfold higher than with scavenged rebreathing circuit systems ( Fig . 6 ) . During anaesthesia with IV or double-mask induction , the average levels of inhalation anaesthetics were reduced by about 80% compared to inhalational induction with standard masks ( Fig . 7 ) . The anaesthetist's working technique is a very important factor that strongly influences the concentrations . Poor work practices , like lifting off the face mask with anaesthetic gas flow turned on , increased the exposure of the anaesthetist and other operating room personnel drastically , even if the other conditions ( scavenger and room ventilation ) were good . Discussion . The exposure levels of anaesthetic gases are generally higher during anaesthesia in children up to 10 years of age than in older patients . Nevertheless , the measurements showed that exposure during paediatric anaesthesia can be kept below the recommended limit ( 8-h TWA in Switzerland ) of 100 ppm nitrous oxide and 5 ppm halothane or 10 ppm enflurane or isoflurane . Causes of high exposures were particularly high fresh gas flows often applied without scavenging or together with inefficient scavenging devices and the high part of mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction with a loosely held mask . To achieve an effective reduction of occupational exposure , well-adjusted and maintained scavenging systems and low-leakage work practices are of primary importance . As leakage can never be completely avoided , a ventilation rate of at least ten air changes per h should be maintained in operating rooms and rooms where anaesthesia is induced to keep down concentrations of waste anaesthetic gases . High exposure during mask anaesthesia and inhalation induction can be prevented by further measures . Using a LMA instead of a standard mask reduces the exposure to the same level as endotracheal intubation .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Osteon is an umlsterm, Hydroxylapatit is an umlsterm, Proteinkomplex is an umlsterm, Knochenanlagerung is an umlsterm, Geflechtknochen is an umlsterm, Knochen is an umlsterm, Knochenneubildung is an umlsterm

MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.0004s527.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Zur Optimierung der Osteoneogenese wurde Pro Osteon 500 , koralliner Hydroxylapatit , mit dem osteoinduktiven Proteinkomplex Colloss beschichtet und fuer 28 , 84 , 168 und 365 Tage im distalen Kaninchenfemur implantiert . Unbeschichtetes Material wurde kontralateral zur intraindividuellen Kontrolle untersucht . Histologisch war die Knochenanlagerung an die Implantatgranula , auch nach Beschichtung mit Colloss , nicht beeintraechtigt . Osteoid und Chondroid fanden sich nur spaerlich . Nach 84 Tagen war der urspruengliche Geflechtknochen weitgehend in lamellaeren Knochen umgewandelt . Die Knochenneubildung nahm bis zur Liegezeit von 84 Tagen zu und betrug dann bis zur Liegezeit von 365 Tagen zwischen 49,8% und 58,7% . Diese Zunahme war unabhaengig von der geringeren Dichte der das Implantat umgebenden Spongiosa . Nach Beschichtung mit Colloss war die Osteoneogenese um maximal 15,1% , jedoch statistisch nicht signifikant , gesteigert . Die Implantatgranula unterlagen nicht der Resorption . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Zur Optimierung der Osteoneogenese wurde Pro Osteon 500 , koralliner Hydroxylapatit , mit dem osteoinduktiven Proteinkomplex Colloss beschichtet und fuer 28 , 84 , 168 und 365 Tage im distalen Kaninchenfemur implantiert . Unbeschichtetes Material wurde kontralateral zur intraindividuellen Kontrolle untersucht . Histologisch war die Knochenanlagerung an die Implantatgranula , auch nach Beschichtung mit Colloss , nicht beeintraechtigt . Osteoid und Chondroid fanden sich nur spaerlich . Nach 84 Tagen war der urspruengliche Geflechtknochen weitgehend in lamellaeren Knochen umgewandelt . Die Knochenneubildung nahm bis zur Liegezeit von 84 Tagen zu und betrug dann bis zur Liegezeit von 365 Tagen zwischen 49,8% und 58,7% . Diese Zunahme war unabhaengig von der geringeren Dichte der das Implantat umgebenden Spongiosa . Nach Beschichtung mit Colloss war die Osteoneogenese um maximal 15,1% , jedoch statistisch nicht signifikant , gesteigert . Die Implantatgranula unterlagen nicht der Resorption .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Osteon is an umlsterm, Hydroxylapatit is an umlsterm, Proteinkomplex is an umlsterm, Knochenanlagerung is an umlsterm, Geflechtknochen is an umlsterm, Knochen is an umlsterm, Knochenneubildung is an umlsterm

MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.0004s527.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Zur Optimierung der Osteoneogenese wurde Pro Osteon 500 , koralliner Hydroxylapatit , mit dem osteoinduktiven Proteinkomplex Colloss beschichtet und fuer 28 , 84 , 168 und 365 Tage im distalen Kaninchenfemur implantiert . Unbeschichtetes Material wurde kontralateral zur intraindividuellen Kontrolle untersucht . Histologisch war die Knochenanlagerung an die Implantatgranula , auch nach Beschichtung mit Colloss , nicht beeintraechtigt . Osteoid und Chondroid fanden sich nur spaerlich . Nach 84 Tagen war der urspruengliche Geflechtknochen weitgehend in lamellaeren Knochen umgewandelt . Die Knochenneubildung nahm bis zur Liegezeit von 84 Tagen zu und betrug dann bis zur Liegezeit von 365 Tagen zwischen 49,8% und 58,7% . Diese Zunahme war unabhaengig von der geringeren Dichte der das Implantat umgebenden Spongiosa . Nach Beschichtung mit Colloss war die Osteoneogenese um maximal 15,1% , jedoch statistisch nicht signifikant , gesteigert . Die Implantatgranula unterlagen nicht der Resorption . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Osteon, Hydroxylapatit, Proteinkomplex, Knochenanlagerung, Geflechtknochen, Knochen, Knochenneubildung Options: umlsterm

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Zur Optimierung der Osteoneogenese wurde Pro Osteon 500 , koralliner Hydroxylapatit , mit dem osteoinduktiven Proteinkomplex Colloss beschichtet und fuer 28 , 84 , 168 und 365 Tage im distalen Kaninchenfemur implantiert . Unbeschichtetes Material wurde kontralateral zur intraindividuellen Kontrolle untersucht . Histologisch war die Knochenanlagerung an die Implantatgranula , auch nach Beschichtung mit Colloss , nicht beeintraechtigt . Osteoid und Chondroid fanden sich nur spaerlich . Nach 84 Tagen war der urspruengliche Geflechtknochen weitgehend in lamellaeren Knochen umgewandelt . Die Knochenneubildung nahm bis zur Liegezeit von 84 Tagen zu und betrug dann bis zur Liegezeit von 365 Tagen zwischen 49,8% und 58,7% . Diese Zunahme war unabhaengig von der geringeren Dichte der das Implantat umgebenden Spongiosa . Nach Beschichtung mit Colloss war die Osteoneogenese um maximal 15,1% , jedoch statistisch nicht signifikant , gesteigert . Die Implantatgranula unterlagen nicht der Resorption .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Osteon, Hydroxylapatit, Proteinkomplex, Knochenanlagerung, Geflechtknochen, Knochen, Knochenneubildung

MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.0004s527.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Zur Optimierung der Osteoneogenese wurde Pro Osteon 500 , koralliner Hydroxylapatit , mit dem osteoinduktiven Proteinkomplex Colloss beschichtet und fuer 28 , 84 , 168 und 365 Tage im distalen Kaninchenfemur implantiert . Unbeschichtetes Material wurde kontralateral zur intraindividuellen Kontrolle untersucht . Histologisch war die Knochenanlagerung an die Implantatgranula , auch nach Beschichtung mit Colloss , nicht beeintraechtigt . Osteoid und Chondroid fanden sich nur spaerlich . Nach 84 Tagen war der urspruengliche Geflechtknochen weitgehend in lamellaeren Knochen umgewandelt . Die Knochenneubildung nahm bis zur Liegezeit von 84 Tagen zu und betrug dann bis zur Liegezeit von 365 Tagen zwischen 49,8% und 58,7% . Diese Zunahme war unabhaengig von der geringeren Dichte der das Implantat umgebenden Spongiosa . Nach Beschichtung mit Colloss war die Osteoneogenese um maximal 15,1% , jedoch statistisch nicht signifikant , gesteigert . Die Implantatgranula unterlagen nicht der Resorption . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Zur Optimierung der Osteoneogenese wurde Pro Osteon 500 , koralliner Hydroxylapatit , mit dem osteoinduktiven Proteinkomplex Colloss beschichtet und fuer 28 , 84 , 168 und 365 Tage im distalen Kaninchenfemur implantiert . Unbeschichtetes Material wurde kontralateral zur intraindividuellen Kontrolle untersucht . Histologisch war die Knochenanlagerung an die Implantatgranula , auch nach Beschichtung mit Colloss , nicht beeintraechtigt . Osteoid und Chondroid fanden sich nur spaerlich . Nach 84 Tagen war der urspruengliche Geflechtknochen weitgehend in lamellaeren Knochen umgewandelt . Die Knochenneubildung nahm bis zur Liegezeit von 84 Tagen zu und betrug dann bis zur Liegezeit von 365 Tagen zwischen 49,8% und 58,7% . Diese Zunahme war unabhaengig von der geringeren Dichte der das Implantat umgebenden Spongiosa . Nach Beschichtung mit Colloss war die Osteoneogenese um maximal 15,1% , jedoch statistisch nicht signifikant , gesteigert . Die Implantatgranula unterlagen nicht der Resorption .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

cAMP is a compound, protein kinase A is a protein

DS.d1145_task0

Sentence: The cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling cascade is crucial for synaptic plasticity in a wide variety of species. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "B-compound", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling cascade is crucial for synaptic plasticity in a wide variety of species.

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[ "protein", "compound" ]

cAMP is a compound, protein kinase A is a protein

DS.d1145_task1

Sentence: The cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling cascade is crucial for synaptic plasticity in a wide variety of species. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cAMP, protein kinase A Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "B-compound", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling cascade is crucial for synaptic plasticity in a wide variety of species.

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[ "protein", "compound" ]

cAMP, protein kinase A

DS.d1145_task2

Sentence: The cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling cascade is crucial for synaptic plasticity in a wide variety of species. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "B-compound", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling cascade is crucial for synaptic plasticity in a wide variety of species.

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[ "protein", "compound" ]

population - based is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, posturography is an umlsterm, gait is an umlsterm, balance is an umlsterm, geriatric is an umlsterm, scales is an umlsterm, eyes is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, eyes is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, nervous system function is an umlsterm, measures is an umlsterm, single - stance is an umlsterm, leg is an umlsterm, Age is an umlsterm, vision is an umlsterm, neuropsychologic test is an umlsterm, single - stance is an umlsterm, right is an umlsterm, leg is an umlsterm, leg is an umlsterm, linear regression is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, vision is an umlsterm, gait is an umlsterm, balance is an umlsterm, older is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, community is an umlsterm, posturography is an umlsterm, gait is an umlsterm, balance is an umlsterm

ZfuerGerontologie+Geriatrie.00330401.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: In a population-based study of 110 women between 53 and 82 years of age ( mean age 64.5 +/- 7.9 years ) static posturography data were compared to functional items of gait and balance in common geriatric mobility scales . Posturographic data of double-stance with eyes open and eyes closed ( DSEO ; DSEC ) did not differ from those of a group of healthy women previously tested for intact nervous system function . The total neuromuscular score - roughly corresponding to the well-known Tinetti score - did not correlate to the posturographic measures . DSEC correlated with the items " rapid walking " and " single-stance left leg " . Age , vision , and neuropsychologic test results correlated with DSEO , " rapid walking " , " single-stance right leg " , " single-stance left leg " , and " walking a figure eight " . Multiple linear regression confirmed the impact of age , vision , DSEO , and DSEC on " rapid walking " with a 34% variance explanation . Posturographic parameters did predict other selected gait and balance items . When used in older women living independently in the community , parameters of static posturography reflect to some extent the functional disabilities of gait and balance . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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In a population-based study of 110 women between 53 and 82 years of age ( mean age 64.5 +/- 7.9 years ) static posturography data were compared to functional items of gait and balance in common geriatric mobility scales . Posturographic data of double-stance with eyes open and eyes closed ( DSEO ; DSEC ) did not differ from those of a group of healthy women previously tested for intact nervous system function . The total neuromuscular score - roughly corresponding to the well-known Tinetti score - did not correlate to the posturographic measures . DSEC correlated with the items " rapid walking " and " single-stance left leg " . Age , vision , and neuropsychologic test results correlated with DSEO , " rapid walking " , " single-stance right leg " , " single-stance left leg " , and " walking a figure eight " . Multiple linear regression confirmed the impact of age , vision , DSEO , and DSEC on " rapid walking " with a 34% variance explanation . Posturographic parameters did predict other selected gait and balance items . When used in older women living independently in the community , parameters of static posturography reflect to some extent the functional disabilities of gait and balance .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

population - based is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, posturography is an umlsterm, gait is an umlsterm, balance is an umlsterm, geriatric is an umlsterm, scales is an umlsterm, eyes is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, eyes is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, nervous system function is an umlsterm, measures is an umlsterm, single - stance is an umlsterm, leg is an umlsterm, Age is an umlsterm, vision is an umlsterm, neuropsychologic test is an umlsterm, single - stance is an umlsterm, right is an umlsterm, leg is an umlsterm, leg is an umlsterm, linear regression is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, vision is an umlsterm, gait is an umlsterm, balance is an umlsterm, older is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, community is an umlsterm, posturography is an umlsterm, gait is an umlsterm, balance is an umlsterm

ZfuerGerontologie+Geriatrie.00330401.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: In a population-based study of 110 women between 53 and 82 years of age ( mean age 64.5 +/- 7.9 years ) static posturography data were compared to functional items of gait and balance in common geriatric mobility scales . Posturographic data of double-stance with eyes open and eyes closed ( DSEO ; DSEC ) did not differ from those of a group of healthy women previously tested for intact nervous system function . The total neuromuscular score - roughly corresponding to the well-known Tinetti score - did not correlate to the posturographic measures . DSEC correlated with the items " rapid walking " and " single-stance left leg " . Age , vision , and neuropsychologic test results correlated with DSEO , " rapid walking " , " single-stance right leg " , " single-stance left leg " , and " walking a figure eight " . Multiple linear regression confirmed the impact of age , vision , DSEO , and DSEC on " rapid walking " with a 34% variance explanation . Posturographic parameters did predict other selected gait and balance items . When used in older women living independently in the community , parameters of static posturography reflect to some extent the functional disabilities of gait and balance . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: population - based, women, age, age, posturography, gait, balance, geriatric, scales, eyes, open, eyes, women, nervous system function, measures, single - stance, leg, Age, vision, neuropsychologic test, single - stance, right, leg, leg, linear regression, age, vision, gait, balance, older, women, community, posturography, gait, balance Options: umlsterm

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In a population-based study of 110 women between 53 and 82 years of age ( mean age 64.5 +/- 7.9 years ) static posturography data were compared to functional items of gait and balance in common geriatric mobility scales . Posturographic data of double-stance with eyes open and eyes closed ( DSEO ; DSEC ) did not differ from those of a group of healthy women previously tested for intact nervous system function . The total neuromuscular score - roughly corresponding to the well-known Tinetti score - did not correlate to the posturographic measures . DSEC correlated with the items " rapid walking " and " single-stance left leg " . Age , vision , and neuropsychologic test results correlated with DSEO , " rapid walking " , " single-stance right leg " , " single-stance left leg " , and " walking a figure eight " . Multiple linear regression confirmed the impact of age , vision , DSEO , and DSEC on " rapid walking " with a 34% variance explanation . Posturographic parameters did predict other selected gait and balance items . When used in older women living independently in the community , parameters of static posturography reflect to some extent the functional disabilities of gait and balance .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

population - based, women, age, age, posturography, gait, balance, geriatric, scales, eyes, open, eyes, women, nervous system function, measures, single - stance, leg, Age, vision, neuropsychologic test, single - stance, right, leg, leg, linear regression, age, vision, gait, balance, older, women, community, posturography, gait, balance

ZfuerGerontologie+Geriatrie.00330401.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: In a population-based study of 110 women between 53 and 82 years of age ( mean age 64.5 +/- 7.9 years ) static posturography data were compared to functional items of gait and balance in common geriatric mobility scales . Posturographic data of double-stance with eyes open and eyes closed ( DSEO ; DSEC ) did not differ from those of a group of healthy women previously tested for intact nervous system function . The total neuromuscular score - roughly corresponding to the well-known Tinetti score - did not correlate to the posturographic measures . DSEC correlated with the items " rapid walking " and " single-stance left leg " . Age , vision , and neuropsychologic test results correlated with DSEO , " rapid walking " , " single-stance right leg " , " single-stance left leg " , and " walking a figure eight " . Multiple linear regression confirmed the impact of age , vision , DSEO , and DSEC on " rapid walking " with a 34% variance explanation . Posturographic parameters did predict other selected gait and balance items . When used in older women living independently in the community , parameters of static posturography reflect to some extent the functional disabilities of gait and balance . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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In a population-based study of 110 women between 53 and 82 years of age ( mean age 64.5 +/- 7.9 years ) static posturography data were compared to functional items of gait and balance in common geriatric mobility scales . Posturographic data of double-stance with eyes open and eyes closed ( DSEO ; DSEC ) did not differ from those of a group of healthy women previously tested for intact nervous system function . The total neuromuscular score - roughly corresponding to the well-known Tinetti score - did not correlate to the posturographic measures . DSEC correlated with the items " rapid walking " and " single-stance left leg " . Age , vision , and neuropsychologic test results correlated with DSEO , " rapid walking " , " single-stance right leg " , " single-stance left leg " , and " walking a figure eight " . Multiple linear regression confirmed the impact of age , vision , DSEO , and DSEC on " rapid walking " with a 34% variance explanation . Posturographic parameters did predict other selected gait and balance items . When used in older women living independently in the community , parameters of static posturography reflect to some extent the functional disabilities of gait and balance .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

COL3A1 is a protein, arginine is a compound, glycine is a compound

DS.d1256_task0

Sentence: This diagnosis was confirmed by genetic testing, which revealed a novel point mutation in the COL3A1 gene, c.2545G-->C, leading to a codon encoding for arginine instead of glycine (p.Gly849Arg). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein

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This diagnosis was confirmed by genetic testing, which revealed a novel point mutation in the COL3A1 gene, c.2545G-->C, leading to a codon encoding for arginine instead of glycine (p.Gly849Arg).

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[ "compound", "protein" ]

COL3A1 is a protein, arginine is a compound, glycine is a compound

DS.d1256_task1

Sentence: This diagnosis was confirmed by genetic testing, which revealed a novel point mutation in the COL3A1 gene, c.2545G-->C, leading to a codon encoding for arginine instead of glycine (p.Gly849Arg). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: COL3A1, arginine, glycine Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

This diagnosis was confirmed by genetic testing, which revealed a novel point mutation in the COL3A1 gene, c.2545G-->C, leading to a codon encoding for arginine instead of glycine (p.Gly849Arg).

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[ "compound", "protein" ]

COL3A1, arginine, glycine

DS.d1256_task2

Sentence: This diagnosis was confirmed by genetic testing, which revealed a novel point mutation in the COL3A1 gene, c.2545G-->C, leading to a codon encoding for arginine instead of glycine (p.Gly849Arg). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

This diagnosis was confirmed by genetic testing, which revealed a novel point mutation in the COL3A1 gene, c.2545G-->C, leading to a codon encoding for arginine instead of glycine (p.Gly849Arg).

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[ "compound", "protein" ]

NF - κB is a GENE-N, Doxorubicin is a CHEMICAL, NF - κB is a GENE-N, p65 is a GENE-Y, NF - κB is a GENE-N, Doxorubicin is a CHEMICAL, DOX is a CHEMICAL, p65 is a GENE-Y, DOX is a CHEMICAL, DOX is a CHEMICAL, DOX is a CHEMICAL, IκBα is a GENE-Y, DOX is a CHEMICAL

13023_task0

Sentence: NF-κB-associated mechanisms underlying the response of embryonic cells to Doxorubicin. The involvement of NF-κB in the regulation of teratogen-induced apoptosis has not been established yet. Therefore, we tried to assess the involvement of the p65 subunit of NF-κB in the embryonic response to the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX). Thus, exposure of p65 knockout (p65(-/-)) or wild type (WT) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to DOX resulted in a decrease in cell survival, culture density and cell proliferation, which was found to be more prominent in p65(-/-) MEFs. Those phenomena were accompanied by a DOX-induced increase in the proportion of apoptotic cells, which was demonstrated only in p65(-/-) cells and a G2/M arrest, which was found to be more prominent in WT cells. Furthermore, DOX-treated WT and p65(-/-) MEFs differed in their expression of various apoptosis-associated molecules, when the former demonstrated a decrease in the percentage of p65-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of p53-positive cells, while a decreased percentage of IκBα-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of bcl-2-positive cells was detected among the latter. The fact that the response of the cells to the teratogen was clearly p65-dependent implicates this molecule to be involved in the response of the embryonic cells to DOX. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y, GENE-N, CHEMICAL

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NF-κB-associated mechanisms underlying the response of embryonic cells to Doxorubicin. The involvement of NF-κB in the regulation of teratogen-induced apoptosis has not been established yet. Therefore, we tried to assess the involvement of the p65 subunit of NF-κB in the embryonic response to the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX). Thus, exposure of p65 knockout (p65(-/-)) or wild type (WT) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to DOX resulted in a decrease in cell survival, culture density and cell proliferation, which was found to be more prominent in p65(-/-) MEFs. Those phenomena were accompanied by a DOX-induced increase in the proportion of apoptotic cells, which was demonstrated only in p65(-/-) cells and a G2/M arrest, which was found to be more prominent in WT cells. Furthermore, DOX-treated WT and p65(-/-) MEFs differed in their expression of various apoptosis-associated molecules, when the former demonstrated a decrease in the percentage of p65-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of p53-positive cells, while a decreased percentage of IκBα-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of bcl-2-positive cells was detected among the latter. The fact that the response of the cells to the teratogen was clearly p65-dependent implicates this molecule to be involved in the response of the embryonic cells to DOX.

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[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]

NF - κB is a GENE-N, Doxorubicin is a CHEMICAL, NF - κB is a GENE-N, p65 is a GENE-Y, NF - κB is a GENE-N, Doxorubicin is a CHEMICAL, DOX is a CHEMICAL, p65 is a GENE-Y, DOX is a CHEMICAL, DOX is a CHEMICAL, DOX is a CHEMICAL, IκBα is a GENE-Y, DOX is a CHEMICAL

13023_task1

Sentence: NF-κB-associated mechanisms underlying the response of embryonic cells to Doxorubicin. The involvement of NF-κB in the regulation of teratogen-induced apoptosis has not been established yet. Therefore, we tried to assess the involvement of the p65 subunit of NF-κB in the embryonic response to the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX). Thus, exposure of p65 knockout (p65(-/-)) or wild type (WT) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to DOX resulted in a decrease in cell survival, culture density and cell proliferation, which was found to be more prominent in p65(-/-) MEFs. Those phenomena were accompanied by a DOX-induced increase in the proportion of apoptotic cells, which was demonstrated only in p65(-/-) cells and a G2/M arrest, which was found to be more prominent in WT cells. Furthermore, DOX-treated WT and p65(-/-) MEFs differed in their expression of various apoptosis-associated molecules, when the former demonstrated a decrease in the percentage of p65-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of p53-positive cells, while a decreased percentage of IκBα-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of bcl-2-positive cells was detected among the latter. The fact that the response of the cells to the teratogen was clearly p65-dependent implicates this molecule to be involved in the response of the embryonic cells to DOX. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: NF - κB, Doxorubicin, NF - κB, p65, NF - κB, Doxorubicin, DOX, p65, DOX, DOX, DOX, IκBα, DOX Options: GENE-Y, GENE-N, CHEMICAL

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NF-κB-associated mechanisms underlying the response of embryonic cells to Doxorubicin. The involvement of NF-κB in the regulation of teratogen-induced apoptosis has not been established yet. Therefore, we tried to assess the involvement of the p65 subunit of NF-κB in the embryonic response to the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX). Thus, exposure of p65 knockout (p65(-/-)) or wild type (WT) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to DOX resulted in a decrease in cell survival, culture density and cell proliferation, which was found to be more prominent in p65(-/-) MEFs. Those phenomena were accompanied by a DOX-induced increase in the proportion of apoptotic cells, which was demonstrated only in p65(-/-) cells and a G2/M arrest, which was found to be more prominent in WT cells. Furthermore, DOX-treated WT and p65(-/-) MEFs differed in their expression of various apoptosis-associated molecules, when the former demonstrated a decrease in the percentage of p65-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of p53-positive cells, while a decreased percentage of IκBα-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of bcl-2-positive cells was detected among the latter. The fact that the response of the cells to the teratogen was clearly p65-dependent implicates this molecule to be involved in the response of the embryonic cells to DOX.

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[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]

NF - κB, Doxorubicin, NF - κB, p65, NF - κB, Doxorubicin, DOX, p65, DOX, DOX, DOX, IκBα, DOX

13023_task2

Sentence: NF-κB-associated mechanisms underlying the response of embryonic cells to Doxorubicin. The involvement of NF-κB in the regulation of teratogen-induced apoptosis has not been established yet. Therefore, we tried to assess the involvement of the p65 subunit of NF-κB in the embryonic response to the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX). Thus, exposure of p65 knockout (p65(-/-)) or wild type (WT) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to DOX resulted in a decrease in cell survival, culture density and cell proliferation, which was found to be more prominent in p65(-/-) MEFs. Those phenomena were accompanied by a DOX-induced increase in the proportion of apoptotic cells, which was demonstrated only in p65(-/-) cells and a G2/M arrest, which was found to be more prominent in WT cells. Furthermore, DOX-treated WT and p65(-/-) MEFs differed in their expression of various apoptosis-associated molecules, when the former demonstrated a decrease in the percentage of p65-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of p53-positive cells, while a decreased percentage of IκBα-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of bcl-2-positive cells was detected among the latter. The fact that the response of the cells to the teratogen was clearly p65-dependent implicates this molecule to be involved in the response of the embryonic cells to DOX. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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NF-κB-associated mechanisms underlying the response of embryonic cells to Doxorubicin. The involvement of NF-κB in the regulation of teratogen-induced apoptosis has not been established yet. Therefore, we tried to assess the involvement of the p65 subunit of NF-κB in the embryonic response to the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX). Thus, exposure of p65 knockout (p65(-/-)) or wild type (WT) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to DOX resulted in a decrease in cell survival, culture density and cell proliferation, which was found to be more prominent in p65(-/-) MEFs. Those phenomena were accompanied by a DOX-induced increase in the proportion of apoptotic cells, which was demonstrated only in p65(-/-) cells and a G2/M arrest, which was found to be more prominent in WT cells. Furthermore, DOX-treated WT and p65(-/-) MEFs differed in their expression of various apoptosis-associated molecules, when the former demonstrated a decrease in the percentage of p65-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of p53-positive cells, while a decreased percentage of IκBα-positive and a more prominent decrease in the percentage of bcl-2-positive cells was detected among the latter. The fact that the response of the cells to the teratogen was clearly p65-dependent implicates this molecule to be involved in the response of the embryonic cells to DOX.

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[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]

TLCO is an intervention

342_task0

Sentence: Since the results were essentially identical between the techniques , it seems that comparable pathophysiological factors affect TLCO during breath holding and constant exhalation . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: intervention

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-intervention", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Since the results were essentially identical between the techniques , it seems that comparable pathophysiological factors affect TLCO during breath holding and constant exhalation .

[ "Since", "the", "results", "were", "essentially", "identical", "between", "the", "techniques", ",", "it", "seems", "that", "comparable", "pathophysiological", "factors", "affect", "TLCO", "during", "breath", "holding", "and", "constant", "exhalation", "." ]

[ "intervention" ]

TLCO is an intervention

342_task1

Sentence: Since the results were essentially identical between the techniques , it seems that comparable pathophysiological factors affect TLCO during breath holding and constant exhalation . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: TLCO Options: intervention

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-intervention", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Since the results were essentially identical between the techniques , it seems that comparable pathophysiological factors affect TLCO during breath holding and constant exhalation .

[ "Since", "the", "results", "were", "essentially", "identical", "between", "the", "techniques", ",", "it", "seems", "that", "comparable", "pathophysiological", "factors", "affect", "TLCO", "during", "breath", "holding", "and", "constant", "exhalation", "." ]

[ "intervention" ]

TLCO

342_task2

Sentence: Since the results were essentially identical between the techniques , it seems that comparable pathophysiological factors affect TLCO during breath holding and constant exhalation . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-intervention", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Since the results were essentially identical between the techniques , it seems that comparable pathophysiological factors affect TLCO during breath holding and constant exhalation .

[ "Since", "the", "results", "were", "essentially", "identical", "between", "the", "techniques", ",", "it", "seems", "that", "comparable", "pathophysiological", "factors", "affect", "TLCO", "during", "breath", "holding", "and", "constant", "exhalation", "." ]

[ "intervention" ]

paroxetine is a CHEMICAL

23602985_task0

Sentence: Chronic social stress during adolescence: Interplay of paroxetine treatment and ageing. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Chronic social stress during adolescence: Interplay of paroxetine treatment and ageing.

[ "Chronic", "social", "stress", "during", "adolescence", ":", "Interplay", "of", "paroxetine", "treatment", "and", "ageing", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]

paroxetine is a CHEMICAL

23602985_task1

Sentence: Chronic social stress during adolescence: Interplay of paroxetine treatment and ageing. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: paroxetine Options: CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Chronic social stress during adolescence: Interplay of paroxetine treatment and ageing.

[ "Chronic", "social", "stress", "during", "adolescence", ":", "Interplay", "of", "paroxetine", "treatment", "and", "ageing", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]

paroxetine

23602985_task2

Sentence: Chronic social stress during adolescence: Interplay of paroxetine treatment and ageing. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Chronic social stress during adolescence: Interplay of paroxetine treatment and ageing.

[ "Chronic", "social", "stress", "during", "adolescence", ":", "Interplay", "of", "paroxetine", "treatment", "and", "ageing", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]

cilostazol is a CHEMICAL, milrinone is a CHEMICAL, cAMP - PDE is a GENE-N, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, calcium is a CHEMICAL

12652111_task0

Sentence: Comparison of the effects of cilostazol and milrinone on cAMP-PDE activity, intracellular cAMP and calcium in the heart. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Comparison of the effects of cilostazol and milrinone on cAMP-PDE activity, intracellular cAMP and calcium in the heart.

[ "Comparison", "of", "the", "effects", "of", "cilostazol", "and", "milrinone", "on", "cAMP", "-", "PDE", "activity", ",", "intracellular", "cAMP", "and", "calcium", "in", "the", "heart", "." ]

[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]

cilostazol is a CHEMICAL, milrinone is a CHEMICAL, cAMP - PDE is a GENE-N, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, calcium is a CHEMICAL

12652111_task1

Sentence: Comparison of the effects of cilostazol and milrinone on cAMP-PDE activity, intracellular cAMP and calcium in the heart. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cilostazol, milrinone, cAMP - PDE, cAMP, calcium Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Comparison of the effects of cilostazol and milrinone on cAMP-PDE activity, intracellular cAMP and calcium in the heart.

[ "Comparison", "of", "the", "effects", "of", "cilostazol", "and", "milrinone", "on", "cAMP", "-", "PDE", "activity", ",", "intracellular", "cAMP", "and", "calcium", "in", "the", "heart", "." ]

[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]

cilostazol, milrinone, cAMP - PDE, cAMP, calcium

12652111_task2

Sentence: Comparison of the effects of cilostazol and milrinone on cAMP-PDE activity, intracellular cAMP and calcium in the heart. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Comparison of the effects of cilostazol and milrinone on cAMP-PDE activity, intracellular cAMP and calcium in the heart.

[ "Comparison", "of", "the", "effects", "of", "cilostazol", "and", "milrinone", "on", "cAMP", "-", "PDE", "activity", ",", "intracellular", "cAMP", "and", "calcium", "in", "the", "heart", "." ]

[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]

attitudes is a Outcome_Mental, intentions is a Outcome_Mental, prospective blood donors is a Participant_Condition, donor recruitment brochure is a Intervention_Educational, blood donor recruitment materials is a Intervention_Educational, motivate donation is a Outcome_Mental, anxiety , attitudes is a Outcome_Mental, perceived ability to cope with donation is a Outcome_Mental, brochures is a Intervention_Educational, standard blood center brochure is a Intervention_Educational, control brochure on healthy eating and exercise is a Intervention_Educational, blood donation anxiety , attitude , self - efficacy , and intention is a Outcome_Mental, attitude , anxiety , self - efficacy , and donation intention is a Outcome_Mental, blood donation recruitment materials is a Outcome_Mental

33874_task0

Sentence: Enhancing attitudes and intentions in prospective blood donors : evaluation of a new donor recruitment brochure . BACKGROUND Although little empiric evidence has been published concerning the efficacy of blood donor recruitment materials , research suggests that simple attempts to enhance knowledge may not be sufficient to motivate donation . In contrast , recent donor motivation studies highlight the importance of anxiety , attitudes , and perceived ability to cope with donation ( i.e. , self-efficacy ) as crucial determinants of donation intention . Therefore , recruitment materials that specifically address these constructs have the potential to outperform traditional educational brochures . STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to read one of three brochures : 1 ) a new brochure addressing common donor concerns and suggesting specific coping strategies , 2 ) a standard blood center brochure , or 3 ) a control brochure on healthy eating and exercise . Standardized questionnaires were completed before and after the brochures to assess change in blood donation anxiety , attitude , self-efficacy , and intention . RESULTS Although no significant changes were noted for the control brochure , after reading the new brochure participants reported significant improvements in attitude , anxiety , self-efficacy , and donation intention . The standard donation brochure had an intermediate effect . CONCLUSION Efforts to address common donor fears and to provide useful coping suggestions may improve the effectiveness of blood donation recruitment materials . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Educational, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Mental

[ "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O" ]

Enhancing attitudes and intentions in prospective blood donors : evaluation of a new donor recruitment brochure . BACKGROUND Although little empiric evidence has been published concerning the efficacy of blood donor recruitment materials , research suggests that simple attempts to enhance knowledge may not be sufficient to motivate donation . In contrast , recent donor motivation studies highlight the importance of anxiety , attitudes , and perceived ability to cope with donation ( i.e. , self-efficacy ) as crucial determinants of donation intention . Therefore , recruitment materials that specifically address these constructs have the potential to outperform traditional educational brochures . STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to read one of three brochures : 1 ) a new brochure addressing common donor concerns and suggesting specific coping strategies , 2 ) a standard blood center brochure , or 3 ) a control brochure on healthy eating and exercise . Standardized questionnaires were completed before and after the brochures to assess change in blood donation anxiety , attitude , self-efficacy , and intention . RESULTS Although no significant changes were noted for the control brochure , after reading the new brochure participants reported significant improvements in attitude , anxiety , self-efficacy , and donation intention . The standard donation brochure had an intermediate effect . CONCLUSION Efforts to address common donor fears and to provide useful coping suggestions may improve the effectiveness of blood donation recruitment materials .

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[ "Outcome_Mental", "Intervention_Educational", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control" ]

attitudes is a Outcome_Mental, intentions is a Outcome_Mental, prospective blood donors is a Participant_Condition, donor recruitment brochure is a Intervention_Educational, blood donor recruitment materials is a Intervention_Educational, motivate donation is a Outcome_Mental, anxiety , attitudes is a Outcome_Mental, perceived ability to cope with donation is a Outcome_Mental, brochures is a Intervention_Educational, standard blood center brochure is a Intervention_Educational, control brochure on healthy eating and exercise is a Intervention_Educational, blood donation anxiety , attitude , self - efficacy , and intention is a Outcome_Mental, attitude , anxiety , self - efficacy , and donation intention is a Outcome_Mental, blood donation recruitment materials is a Outcome_Mental

33874_task1

Sentence: Enhancing attitudes and intentions in prospective blood donors : evaluation of a new donor recruitment brochure . BACKGROUND Although little empiric evidence has been published concerning the efficacy of blood donor recruitment materials , research suggests that simple attempts to enhance knowledge may not be sufficient to motivate donation . In contrast , recent donor motivation studies highlight the importance of anxiety , attitudes , and perceived ability to cope with donation ( i.e. , self-efficacy ) as crucial determinants of donation intention . Therefore , recruitment materials that specifically address these constructs have the potential to outperform traditional educational brochures . STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to read one of three brochures : 1 ) a new brochure addressing common donor concerns and suggesting specific coping strategies , 2 ) a standard blood center brochure , or 3 ) a control brochure on healthy eating and exercise . Standardized questionnaires were completed before and after the brochures to assess change in blood donation anxiety , attitude , self-efficacy , and intention . RESULTS Although no significant changes were noted for the control brochure , after reading the new brochure participants reported significant improvements in attitude , anxiety , self-efficacy , and donation intention . The standard donation brochure had an intermediate effect . CONCLUSION Efforts to address common donor fears and to provide useful coping suggestions may improve the effectiveness of blood donation recruitment materials . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: attitudes, intentions, prospective blood donors, donor recruitment brochure, blood donor recruitment materials, motivate donation, anxiety , attitudes, perceived ability to cope with donation, brochures, standard blood center brochure, control brochure on healthy eating and exercise, blood donation anxiety , attitude , self - efficacy , and intention, attitude , anxiety , self - efficacy , and donation intention, blood donation recruitment materials Options: Intervention_Educational, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Mental

[ "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O" ]

Enhancing attitudes and intentions in prospective blood donors : evaluation of a new donor recruitment brochure . BACKGROUND Although little empiric evidence has been published concerning the efficacy of blood donor recruitment materials , research suggests that simple attempts to enhance knowledge may not be sufficient to motivate donation . In contrast , recent donor motivation studies highlight the importance of anxiety , attitudes , and perceived ability to cope with donation ( i.e. , self-efficacy ) as crucial determinants of donation intention . Therefore , recruitment materials that specifically address these constructs have the potential to outperform traditional educational brochures . STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to read one of three brochures : 1 ) a new brochure addressing common donor concerns and suggesting specific coping strategies , 2 ) a standard blood center brochure , or 3 ) a control brochure on healthy eating and exercise . Standardized questionnaires were completed before and after the brochures to assess change in blood donation anxiety , attitude , self-efficacy , and intention . RESULTS Although no significant changes were noted for the control brochure , after reading the new brochure participants reported significant improvements in attitude , anxiety , self-efficacy , and donation intention . The standard donation brochure had an intermediate effect . CONCLUSION Efforts to address common donor fears and to provide useful coping suggestions may improve the effectiveness of blood donation recruitment materials .

[ "Enhancing", "attitudes", "and", "intentions", "in", "prospective", "blood", "donors", ":", "evaluation", "of", "a", "new", "donor", "recruitment", "brochure", ".", "BACKGROUND", "Although", "little", "empiric", "evidence", "has", "been", "published", "concerning", "the", "efficacy", "of", "blood", "donor", "recruitment", "materials", ",", "research", "suggests", "that", "simple", "attempts", "to", "enhance", "knowledge", "may", "not", "be", "sufficient", "to", "motivate", "donation", ".", "In", "contrast", ",", "recent", "donor", "motivation", "studies", "highlight", "the", "importance", "of", "anxiety", ",", "attitudes", ",", "and", "perceived", "ability", "to", "cope", "with", "donation", "(", "i.e", ".", ",", "self", "-", "efficacy", ")", "as", "crucial", "determinants", "of", "donation", "intention", ".", "Therefore", ",", "recruitment", "materials", "that", "specifically", "address", "these", "constructs", "have", "the", "potential", "to", "outperform", "traditional", "educational", "brochures", ".", "STUDY", "DESIGN", "AND", "METHODS", "Participants", "were", "randomly", "assigned", "to", "read", "one", "of", "three", "brochures", ":", "1", ")", "a", "new", "brochure", "addressing", "common", "donor", "concerns", "and", "suggesting", "specific", "coping", "strategies", ",", "2", ")", "a", "standard", "blood", "center", "brochure", ",", "or", "3", ")", "a", "control", "brochure", "on", "healthy", "eating", "and", "exercise", ".", "Standardized", "questionnaires", "were", "completed", "before", "and", "after", "the", "brochures", "to", "assess", "change", "in", "blood", "donation", "anxiety", ",", "attitude", ",", "self", "-", "efficacy", ",", "and", "intention", ".", "RESULTS", "Although", "no", "significant", "changes", "were", "noted", "for", "the", "control", "brochure", ",", "after", "reading", "the", "new", "brochure", "participants", "reported", "significant", "improvements", "in", "attitude", ",", "anxiety", ",", "self", "-", "efficacy", ",", "and", "donation", "intention", ".", "The", "standard", "donation", "brochure", "had", "an", "intermediate", "effect", ".", "CONCLUSION", "Efforts", "to", "address", "common", "donor", "fears", "and", "to", "provide", "useful", "coping", "suggestions", "may", "improve", "the", "effectiveness", "of", "blood", "donation", "recruitment", "materials", "." ]

[ "Outcome_Mental", "Intervention_Educational", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control" ]

attitudes, intentions, prospective blood donors, donor recruitment brochure, blood donor recruitment materials, motivate donation, anxiety , attitudes, perceived ability to cope with donation, brochures, standard blood center brochure, control brochure on healthy eating and exercise, blood donation anxiety , attitude , self - efficacy , and intention, attitude , anxiety , self - efficacy , and donation intention, blood donation recruitment materials

33874_task2

Sentence: Enhancing attitudes and intentions in prospective blood donors : evaluation of a new donor recruitment brochure . BACKGROUND Although little empiric evidence has been published concerning the efficacy of blood donor recruitment materials , research suggests that simple attempts to enhance knowledge may not be sufficient to motivate donation . In contrast , recent donor motivation studies highlight the importance of anxiety , attitudes , and perceived ability to cope with donation ( i.e. , self-efficacy ) as crucial determinants of donation intention . Therefore , recruitment materials that specifically address these constructs have the potential to outperform traditional educational brochures . STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to read one of three brochures : 1 ) a new brochure addressing common donor concerns and suggesting specific coping strategies , 2 ) a standard blood center brochure , or 3 ) a control brochure on healthy eating and exercise . Standardized questionnaires were completed before and after the brochures to assess change in blood donation anxiety , attitude , self-efficacy , and intention . RESULTS Although no significant changes were noted for the control brochure , after reading the new brochure participants reported significant improvements in attitude , anxiety , self-efficacy , and donation intention . The standard donation brochure had an intermediate effect . CONCLUSION Efforts to address common donor fears and to provide useful coping suggestions may improve the effectiveness of blood donation recruitment materials . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Enhancing attitudes and intentions in prospective blood donors : evaluation of a new donor recruitment brochure . BACKGROUND Although little empiric evidence has been published concerning the efficacy of blood donor recruitment materials , research suggests that simple attempts to enhance knowledge may not be sufficient to motivate donation . In contrast , recent donor motivation studies highlight the importance of anxiety , attitudes , and perceived ability to cope with donation ( i.e. , self-efficacy ) as crucial determinants of donation intention . Therefore , recruitment materials that specifically address these constructs have the potential to outperform traditional educational brochures . STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to read one of three brochures : 1 ) a new brochure addressing common donor concerns and suggesting specific coping strategies , 2 ) a standard blood center brochure , or 3 ) a control brochure on healthy eating and exercise . Standardized questionnaires were completed before and after the brochures to assess change in blood donation anxiety , attitude , self-efficacy , and intention . RESULTS Although no significant changes were noted for the control brochure , after reading the new brochure participants reported significant improvements in attitude , anxiety , self-efficacy , and donation intention . The standard donation brochure had an intermediate effect . CONCLUSION Efforts to address common donor fears and to provide useful coping suggestions may improve the effectiveness of blood donation recruitment materials .

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[ "Outcome_Mental", "Intervention_Educational", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control" ]

parent - implemented imitation intervention is a Intervention_Educational, spontaneous imitation skills is a Outcome_Mental, young children is a Participant_Age, autism is a Participant_Condition, Children is a Participant_Age, spontaneously imitate is a Outcome_Mental, play actions and descriptive gestures is a Outcome_Mental, Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ) is a Intervention_Educational, effectiveness is a Outcome_Other, three is a Participant_Sample-size, learned is a Outcome_Mental

25956_task0

Sentence: The effect of a parent-implemented imitation intervention on spontaneous imitation skills in young children with autism . Children with autism exhibit significant deficits in their ability to spontaneously imitate the play actions and descriptive gestures of others . Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ) is a naturalistic imitation intervention designed to teach spontaneous imitation skills during play . This study assessed the effectiveness of parent-implemented RIT using a multiple-baseline design across three young children with autism and their mothers . After an initial baseline , mothers were taught to implement RIT techniques with their child twice a week for 10 weeks in a clinic setting . Two mothers were taught to use RIT to teach object imitation . The third mother was taught to use RIT to target both object and gesture imitation in a multiple-baseline design across behaviors . Generalization was assessed in the families ' homes at the end of treatment and a 1-month follow-up . Parents learned to use the intervention strategies and their children exhibited increases in spontaneous imitation . These findings replicate the results from previous studies , indicating that RIT is effective for teaching imitation skills to young children with autism in a naturalistic setting and extend the findings to parents . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Participant_Condition, Intervention_Educational, Participant_Age, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other, Outcome_Mental

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The effect of a parent-implemented imitation intervention on spontaneous imitation skills in young children with autism . Children with autism exhibit significant deficits in their ability to spontaneously imitate the play actions and descriptive gestures of others . Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ) is a naturalistic imitation intervention designed to teach spontaneous imitation skills during play . This study assessed the effectiveness of parent-implemented RIT using a multiple-baseline design across three young children with autism and their mothers . After an initial baseline , mothers were taught to implement RIT techniques with their child twice a week for 10 weeks in a clinic setting . Two mothers were taught to use RIT to teach object imitation . The third mother was taught to use RIT to target both object and gesture imitation in a multiple-baseline design across behaviors . Generalization was assessed in the families ' homes at the end of treatment and a 1-month follow-up . Parents learned to use the intervention strategies and their children exhibited increases in spontaneous imitation . These findings replicate the results from previous studies , indicating that RIT is effective for teaching imitation skills to young children with autism in a naturalistic setting and extend the findings to parents .

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[ "Intervention_Educational", "Outcome_Mental", "Participant_Age", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

parent - implemented imitation intervention is a Intervention_Educational, spontaneous imitation skills is a Outcome_Mental, young children is a Participant_Age, autism is a Participant_Condition, Children is a Participant_Age, spontaneously imitate is a Outcome_Mental, play actions and descriptive gestures is a Outcome_Mental, Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ) is a Intervention_Educational, effectiveness is a Outcome_Other, three is a Participant_Sample-size, learned is a Outcome_Mental

25956_task1

Sentence: The effect of a parent-implemented imitation intervention on spontaneous imitation skills in young children with autism . Children with autism exhibit significant deficits in their ability to spontaneously imitate the play actions and descriptive gestures of others . Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ) is a naturalistic imitation intervention designed to teach spontaneous imitation skills during play . This study assessed the effectiveness of parent-implemented RIT using a multiple-baseline design across three young children with autism and their mothers . After an initial baseline , mothers were taught to implement RIT techniques with their child twice a week for 10 weeks in a clinic setting . Two mothers were taught to use RIT to teach object imitation . The third mother was taught to use RIT to target both object and gesture imitation in a multiple-baseline design across behaviors . Generalization was assessed in the families ' homes at the end of treatment and a 1-month follow-up . Parents learned to use the intervention strategies and their children exhibited increases in spontaneous imitation . These findings replicate the results from previous studies , indicating that RIT is effective for teaching imitation skills to young children with autism in a naturalistic setting and extend the findings to parents . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: parent - implemented imitation intervention, spontaneous imitation skills, young children, autism, Children, spontaneously imitate, play actions and descriptive gestures, Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ), effectiveness, three, learned Options: Participant_Condition, Intervention_Educational, Participant_Age, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other, Outcome_Mental

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The effect of a parent-implemented imitation intervention on spontaneous imitation skills in young children with autism . Children with autism exhibit significant deficits in their ability to spontaneously imitate the play actions and descriptive gestures of others . Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ) is a naturalistic imitation intervention designed to teach spontaneous imitation skills during play . This study assessed the effectiveness of parent-implemented RIT using a multiple-baseline design across three young children with autism and their mothers . After an initial baseline , mothers were taught to implement RIT techniques with their child twice a week for 10 weeks in a clinic setting . Two mothers were taught to use RIT to teach object imitation . The third mother was taught to use RIT to target both object and gesture imitation in a multiple-baseline design across behaviors . Generalization was assessed in the families ' homes at the end of treatment and a 1-month follow-up . Parents learned to use the intervention strategies and their children exhibited increases in spontaneous imitation . These findings replicate the results from previous studies , indicating that RIT is effective for teaching imitation skills to young children with autism in a naturalistic setting and extend the findings to parents .

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[ "Intervention_Educational", "Outcome_Mental", "Participant_Age", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

parent - implemented imitation intervention, spontaneous imitation skills, young children, autism, Children, spontaneously imitate, play actions and descriptive gestures, Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ), effectiveness, three, learned

25956_task2

Sentence: The effect of a parent-implemented imitation intervention on spontaneous imitation skills in young children with autism . Children with autism exhibit significant deficits in their ability to spontaneously imitate the play actions and descriptive gestures of others . Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ) is a naturalistic imitation intervention designed to teach spontaneous imitation skills during play . This study assessed the effectiveness of parent-implemented RIT using a multiple-baseline design across three young children with autism and their mothers . After an initial baseline , mothers were taught to implement RIT techniques with their child twice a week for 10 weeks in a clinic setting . Two mothers were taught to use RIT to teach object imitation . The third mother was taught to use RIT to target both object and gesture imitation in a multiple-baseline design across behaviors . Generalization was assessed in the families ' homes at the end of treatment and a 1-month follow-up . Parents learned to use the intervention strategies and their children exhibited increases in spontaneous imitation . These findings replicate the results from previous studies , indicating that RIT is effective for teaching imitation skills to young children with autism in a naturalistic setting and extend the findings to parents . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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The effect of a parent-implemented imitation intervention on spontaneous imitation skills in young children with autism . Children with autism exhibit significant deficits in their ability to spontaneously imitate the play actions and descriptive gestures of others . Reciprocal imitation training ( RIT ) is a naturalistic imitation intervention designed to teach spontaneous imitation skills during play . This study assessed the effectiveness of parent-implemented RIT using a multiple-baseline design across three young children with autism and their mothers . After an initial baseline , mothers were taught to implement RIT techniques with their child twice a week for 10 weeks in a clinic setting . Two mothers were taught to use RIT to teach object imitation . The third mother was taught to use RIT to target both object and gesture imitation in a multiple-baseline design across behaviors . Generalization was assessed in the families ' homes at the end of treatment and a 1-month follow-up . Parents learned to use the intervention strategies and their children exhibited increases in spontaneous imitation . These findings replicate the results from previous studies , indicating that RIT is effective for teaching imitation skills to young children with autism in a naturalistic setting and extend the findings to parents .

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[ "Intervention_Educational", "Outcome_Mental", "Participant_Age", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

Naltrexone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, young children is a Participant_Age, with autism . is a Participant_Condition, naltrexone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Twenty - four is a Participant_Sample-size, placebo is a Intervention_Control, videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent - child interaction is a Intervention_Educational, median number of words the child produced is a Outcome_Mental, median proportion of utterances with echolalia is a Outcome_Mental, children or parents ' communication is a Outcome_Mental, child ' s number of words is a Outcome_Mental, developmental quotient is a Outcome_Mental

828_task0

Sentence: Naltrexone and communication skills in young children with autism . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of naltrexone on communication skills of young children with autism . METHOD Twenty-four children with autism , 3.0 to 8.3 years old ( mean 5.1 ) who were living at home and attending appropriate school programs , participated in a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover trial . Naltrexone , 1.0 mg/kg , or placebo was administered daily for 2 weeks . Communication was evaluated from videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent-child interaction . Child and parent language were assessed using similar measures . RESULTS In this heterogeneous sample , the median number of words the child produced on placebo was 9.5 ( range 0-124 ) . The median proportion of utterances with echolalia was 0.16 . No differences were found between the naltrexone and placebo conditions in any of the measures of children or parents ' communication . Significant correlations were found between the child 's number of words and developmental quotient ( Spearman rho = 0.58 , p = .003 ) and between the child 's and parent 's number of words ( rho = 0.55 , p = .005 ) . CONCLUSIONS Previous studies showed that naltrexone was associated with modest reduction in hyperactivity and restlessness in this group of children with autism . In this short-term study , the medication did not lead to improvement in communication , a core deficit of autism . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Educational, Participant_Age, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Mental

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Naltrexone and communication skills in young children with autism . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of naltrexone on communication skills of young children with autism . METHOD Twenty-four children with autism , 3.0 to 8.3 years old ( mean 5.1 ) who were living at home and attending appropriate school programs , participated in a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover trial . Naltrexone , 1.0 mg/kg , or placebo was administered daily for 2 weeks . Communication was evaluated from videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent-child interaction . Child and parent language were assessed using similar measures . RESULTS In this heterogeneous sample , the median number of words the child produced on placebo was 9.5 ( range 0-124 ) . The median proportion of utterances with echolalia was 0.16 . No differences were found between the naltrexone and placebo conditions in any of the measures of children or parents ' communication . Significant correlations were found between the child 's number of words and developmental quotient ( Spearman rho = 0.58 , p = .003 ) and between the child 's and parent 's number of words ( rho = 0.55 , p = .005 ) . CONCLUSIONS Previous studies showed that naltrexone was associated with modest reduction in hyperactivity and restlessness in this group of children with autism . In this short-term study , the medication did not lead to improvement in communication , a core deficit of autism .

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[ "Intervention_Educational", "Outcome_Mental", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Intervention_Control" ]

Naltrexone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, young children is a Participant_Age, with autism . is a Participant_Condition, naltrexone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Twenty - four is a Participant_Sample-size, placebo is a Intervention_Control, videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent - child interaction is a Intervention_Educational, median number of words the child produced is a Outcome_Mental, median proportion of utterances with echolalia is a Outcome_Mental, children or parents ' communication is a Outcome_Mental, child ' s number of words is a Outcome_Mental, developmental quotient is a Outcome_Mental

828_task1

Sentence: Naltrexone and communication skills in young children with autism . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of naltrexone on communication skills of young children with autism . METHOD Twenty-four children with autism , 3.0 to 8.3 years old ( mean 5.1 ) who were living at home and attending appropriate school programs , participated in a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover trial . Naltrexone , 1.0 mg/kg , or placebo was administered daily for 2 weeks . Communication was evaluated from videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent-child interaction . Child and parent language were assessed using similar measures . RESULTS In this heterogeneous sample , the median number of words the child produced on placebo was 9.5 ( range 0-124 ) . The median proportion of utterances with echolalia was 0.16 . No differences were found between the naltrexone and placebo conditions in any of the measures of children or parents ' communication . Significant correlations were found between the child 's number of words and developmental quotient ( Spearman rho = 0.58 , p = .003 ) and between the child 's and parent 's number of words ( rho = 0.55 , p = .005 ) . CONCLUSIONS Previous studies showed that naltrexone was associated with modest reduction in hyperactivity and restlessness in this group of children with autism . In this short-term study , the medication did not lead to improvement in communication , a core deficit of autism . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Naltrexone, young children, with autism ., naltrexone, Twenty - four, placebo, videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent - child interaction, median number of words the child produced, median proportion of utterances with echolalia, children or parents ' communication, child ' s number of words, developmental quotient Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Educational, Participant_Age, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Mental

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Naltrexone and communication skills in young children with autism . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of naltrexone on communication skills of young children with autism . METHOD Twenty-four children with autism , 3.0 to 8.3 years old ( mean 5.1 ) who were living at home and attending appropriate school programs , participated in a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover trial . Naltrexone , 1.0 mg/kg , or placebo was administered daily for 2 weeks . Communication was evaluated from videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent-child interaction . Child and parent language were assessed using similar measures . RESULTS In this heterogeneous sample , the median number of words the child produced on placebo was 9.5 ( range 0-124 ) . The median proportion of utterances with echolalia was 0.16 . No differences were found between the naltrexone and placebo conditions in any of the measures of children or parents ' communication . Significant correlations were found between the child 's number of words and developmental quotient ( Spearman rho = 0.58 , p = .003 ) and between the child 's and parent 's number of words ( rho = 0.55 , p = .005 ) . CONCLUSIONS Previous studies showed that naltrexone was associated with modest reduction in hyperactivity and restlessness in this group of children with autism . In this short-term study , the medication did not lead to improvement in communication , a core deficit of autism .

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[ "Intervention_Educational", "Outcome_Mental", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Intervention_Control" ]

Naltrexone, young children, with autism ., naltrexone, Twenty - four, placebo, videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent - child interaction, median number of words the child produced, median proportion of utterances with echolalia, children or parents ' communication, child ' s number of words, developmental quotient

828_task2

Sentence: Naltrexone and communication skills in young children with autism . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of naltrexone on communication skills of young children with autism . METHOD Twenty-four children with autism , 3.0 to 8.3 years old ( mean 5.1 ) who were living at home and attending appropriate school programs , participated in a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover trial . Naltrexone , 1.0 mg/kg , or placebo was administered daily for 2 weeks . Communication was evaluated from videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent-child interaction . Child and parent language were assessed using similar measures . RESULTS In this heterogeneous sample , the median number of words the child produced on placebo was 9.5 ( range 0-124 ) . The median proportion of utterances with echolalia was 0.16 . No differences were found between the naltrexone and placebo conditions in any of the measures of children or parents ' communication . Significant correlations were found between the child 's number of words and developmental quotient ( Spearman rho = 0.58 , p = .003 ) and between the child 's and parent 's number of words ( rho = 0.55 , p = .005 ) . CONCLUSIONS Previous studies showed that naltrexone was associated with modest reduction in hyperactivity and restlessness in this group of children with autism . In this short-term study , the medication did not lead to improvement in communication , a core deficit of autism . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Naltrexone and communication skills in young children with autism . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of naltrexone on communication skills of young children with autism . METHOD Twenty-four children with autism , 3.0 to 8.3 years old ( mean 5.1 ) who were living at home and attending appropriate school programs , participated in a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover trial . Naltrexone , 1.0 mg/kg , or placebo was administered daily for 2 weeks . Communication was evaluated from videotaped samples of seminaturalistic parent-child interaction . Child and parent language were assessed using similar measures . RESULTS In this heterogeneous sample , the median number of words the child produced on placebo was 9.5 ( range 0-124 ) . The median proportion of utterances with echolalia was 0.16 . No differences were found between the naltrexone and placebo conditions in any of the measures of children or parents ' communication . Significant correlations were found between the child 's number of words and developmental quotient ( Spearman rho = 0.58 , p = .003 ) and between the child 's and parent 's number of words ( rho = 0.55 , p = .005 ) . CONCLUSIONS Previous studies showed that naltrexone was associated with modest reduction in hyperactivity and restlessness in this group of children with autism . In this short-term study , the medication did not lead to improvement in communication , a core deficit of autism .

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[ "Intervention_Educational", "Outcome_Mental", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Intervention_Control" ]

Diagnosenkriterien is an umlsterm, Gebrauch is an umlsterm, Diagnosenmerkmale is an umlsterm, Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen is an umlsterm, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Diagnose is an umlsterm, Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Diagnose is an umlsterm, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Diagnosen is an umlsterm, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen is an umlsterm, Verwendung is an umlsterm, Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm

DerNervenarzt.90700250.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Der Begriff " Borderline " wird seit langem unscharf verwendet . ICD-10 und DSM-IV geben zwar klare Diagnosenkriterien an , dennoch scheint der Begriff im klinischen Gebrauch nichts von der Unschaerfe der letzten Jahrzehnte verloren zu haben . In unserer Untersuchung konstruierten wir eine Merkmalsliste , die alle Diagnosenmerkmale der Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen und der schizotypen Stoerung der ICD-10 enthielt . Zusaetzlich wurden die Merkmale des DSM-IV fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung , die nicht in der ICD-10 enthalten sind , mit aufgenommen . 800 Psychiater und Psychologen wurden gebeten , aus dieser Merkmalsliste die Merkmale anzugeben , die ihrer Ansicht nach typisch fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung waren . 162 Frageboegen gelangten zur Auswertung . Mit den von den Therapeuten angegebenen Merkmalen stellten wir , der Operationalisierung von ICD-10 und DSM-IV folgend , die Diagnose einer Persoenlichkeitsstoerung oder der schizotypen Stoerung . 92,0% der Therapeuten gaben Merkmale an , die eine Diagnose der Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung nach ICD-10 und 96,3% nach DSM-IV ermoeglichte . Darueber hinaus wurden aber pro Therapeut bis zu 8 weitere Diagnosen gestellt . Dass die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung mit ICD-10 und DSM-IV nicht eindeutig von anderen Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen oder der schizotypen Stoerung zu trennen ist , konnte gezeigt werden und stellt die Verwendung kategorialer Systeme in Frage . Nach unserer Ansicht wuerde eine dimensionale Aufteilung oder Gewichtung der Persoenlichkeitsstoerung untereinander die klinische Realitaet weit besser abbilden . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Der Begriff " Borderline " wird seit langem unscharf verwendet . ICD-10 und DSM-IV geben zwar klare Diagnosenkriterien an , dennoch scheint der Begriff im klinischen Gebrauch nichts von der Unschaerfe der letzten Jahrzehnte verloren zu haben . In unserer Untersuchung konstruierten wir eine Merkmalsliste , die alle Diagnosenmerkmale der Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen und der schizotypen Stoerung der ICD-10 enthielt . Zusaetzlich wurden die Merkmale des DSM-IV fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung , die nicht in der ICD-10 enthalten sind , mit aufgenommen . 800 Psychiater und Psychologen wurden gebeten , aus dieser Merkmalsliste die Merkmale anzugeben , die ihrer Ansicht nach typisch fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung waren . 162 Frageboegen gelangten zur Auswertung . Mit den von den Therapeuten angegebenen Merkmalen stellten wir , der Operationalisierung von ICD-10 und DSM-IV folgend , die Diagnose einer Persoenlichkeitsstoerung oder der schizotypen Stoerung . 92,0% der Therapeuten gaben Merkmale an , die eine Diagnose der Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung nach ICD-10 und 96,3% nach DSM-IV ermoeglichte . Darueber hinaus wurden aber pro Therapeut bis zu 8 weitere Diagnosen gestellt . Dass die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung mit ICD-10 und DSM-IV nicht eindeutig von anderen Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen oder der schizotypen Stoerung zu trennen ist , konnte gezeigt werden und stellt die Verwendung kategorialer Systeme in Frage . Nach unserer Ansicht wuerde eine dimensionale Aufteilung oder Gewichtung der Persoenlichkeitsstoerung untereinander die klinische Realitaet weit besser abbilden .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Diagnosenkriterien is an umlsterm, Gebrauch is an umlsterm, Diagnosenmerkmale is an umlsterm, Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen is an umlsterm, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Diagnose is an umlsterm, Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Diagnose is an umlsterm, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Diagnosen is an umlsterm, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm, Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen is an umlsterm, Verwendung is an umlsterm, Persoenlichkeitsstoerung is an umlsterm

DerNervenarzt.90700250.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Der Begriff " Borderline " wird seit langem unscharf verwendet . ICD-10 und DSM-IV geben zwar klare Diagnosenkriterien an , dennoch scheint der Begriff im klinischen Gebrauch nichts von der Unschaerfe der letzten Jahrzehnte verloren zu haben . In unserer Untersuchung konstruierten wir eine Merkmalsliste , die alle Diagnosenmerkmale der Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen und der schizotypen Stoerung der ICD-10 enthielt . Zusaetzlich wurden die Merkmale des DSM-IV fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung , die nicht in der ICD-10 enthalten sind , mit aufgenommen . 800 Psychiater und Psychologen wurden gebeten , aus dieser Merkmalsliste die Merkmale anzugeben , die ihrer Ansicht nach typisch fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung waren . 162 Frageboegen gelangten zur Auswertung . Mit den von den Therapeuten angegebenen Merkmalen stellten wir , der Operationalisierung von ICD-10 und DSM-IV folgend , die Diagnose einer Persoenlichkeitsstoerung oder der schizotypen Stoerung . 92,0% der Therapeuten gaben Merkmale an , die eine Diagnose der Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung nach ICD-10 und 96,3% nach DSM-IV ermoeglichte . Darueber hinaus wurden aber pro Therapeut bis zu 8 weitere Diagnosen gestellt . Dass die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung mit ICD-10 und DSM-IV nicht eindeutig von anderen Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen oder der schizotypen Stoerung zu trennen ist , konnte gezeigt werden und stellt die Verwendung kategorialer Systeme in Frage . Nach unserer Ansicht wuerde eine dimensionale Aufteilung oder Gewichtung der Persoenlichkeitsstoerung untereinander die klinische Realitaet weit besser abbilden . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Diagnosenkriterien, Gebrauch, Diagnosenmerkmale, Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Diagnose, Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Diagnose, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Diagnosen, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen, Verwendung, Persoenlichkeitsstoerung Options: umlsterm

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Der Begriff " Borderline " wird seit langem unscharf verwendet . ICD-10 und DSM-IV geben zwar klare Diagnosenkriterien an , dennoch scheint der Begriff im klinischen Gebrauch nichts von der Unschaerfe der letzten Jahrzehnte verloren zu haben . In unserer Untersuchung konstruierten wir eine Merkmalsliste , die alle Diagnosenmerkmale der Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen und der schizotypen Stoerung der ICD-10 enthielt . Zusaetzlich wurden die Merkmale des DSM-IV fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung , die nicht in der ICD-10 enthalten sind , mit aufgenommen . 800 Psychiater und Psychologen wurden gebeten , aus dieser Merkmalsliste die Merkmale anzugeben , die ihrer Ansicht nach typisch fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung waren . 162 Frageboegen gelangten zur Auswertung . Mit den von den Therapeuten angegebenen Merkmalen stellten wir , der Operationalisierung von ICD-10 und DSM-IV folgend , die Diagnose einer Persoenlichkeitsstoerung oder der schizotypen Stoerung . 92,0% der Therapeuten gaben Merkmale an , die eine Diagnose der Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung nach ICD-10 und 96,3% nach DSM-IV ermoeglichte . Darueber hinaus wurden aber pro Therapeut bis zu 8 weitere Diagnosen gestellt . Dass die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung mit ICD-10 und DSM-IV nicht eindeutig von anderen Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen oder der schizotypen Stoerung zu trennen ist , konnte gezeigt werden und stellt die Verwendung kategorialer Systeme in Frage . Nach unserer Ansicht wuerde eine dimensionale Aufteilung oder Gewichtung der Persoenlichkeitsstoerung untereinander die klinische Realitaet weit besser abbilden .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Diagnosenkriterien, Gebrauch, Diagnosenmerkmale, Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Diagnose, Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Diagnose, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Diagnosen, Borderline - Persoenlichkeitsstoerung, Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen, Verwendung, Persoenlichkeitsstoerung

DerNervenarzt.90700250.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Der Begriff " Borderline " wird seit langem unscharf verwendet . ICD-10 und DSM-IV geben zwar klare Diagnosenkriterien an , dennoch scheint der Begriff im klinischen Gebrauch nichts von der Unschaerfe der letzten Jahrzehnte verloren zu haben . In unserer Untersuchung konstruierten wir eine Merkmalsliste , die alle Diagnosenmerkmale der Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen und der schizotypen Stoerung der ICD-10 enthielt . Zusaetzlich wurden die Merkmale des DSM-IV fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung , die nicht in der ICD-10 enthalten sind , mit aufgenommen . 800 Psychiater und Psychologen wurden gebeten , aus dieser Merkmalsliste die Merkmale anzugeben , die ihrer Ansicht nach typisch fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung waren . 162 Frageboegen gelangten zur Auswertung . Mit den von den Therapeuten angegebenen Merkmalen stellten wir , der Operationalisierung von ICD-10 und DSM-IV folgend , die Diagnose einer Persoenlichkeitsstoerung oder der schizotypen Stoerung . 92,0% der Therapeuten gaben Merkmale an , die eine Diagnose der Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung nach ICD-10 und 96,3% nach DSM-IV ermoeglichte . Darueber hinaus wurden aber pro Therapeut bis zu 8 weitere Diagnosen gestellt . Dass die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung mit ICD-10 und DSM-IV nicht eindeutig von anderen Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen oder der schizotypen Stoerung zu trennen ist , konnte gezeigt werden und stellt die Verwendung kategorialer Systeme in Frage . Nach unserer Ansicht wuerde eine dimensionale Aufteilung oder Gewichtung der Persoenlichkeitsstoerung untereinander die klinische Realitaet weit besser abbilden . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Der Begriff " Borderline " wird seit langem unscharf verwendet . ICD-10 und DSM-IV geben zwar klare Diagnosenkriterien an , dennoch scheint der Begriff im klinischen Gebrauch nichts von der Unschaerfe der letzten Jahrzehnte verloren zu haben . In unserer Untersuchung konstruierten wir eine Merkmalsliste , die alle Diagnosenmerkmale der Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen und der schizotypen Stoerung der ICD-10 enthielt . Zusaetzlich wurden die Merkmale des DSM-IV fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung , die nicht in der ICD-10 enthalten sind , mit aufgenommen . 800 Psychiater und Psychologen wurden gebeten , aus dieser Merkmalsliste die Merkmale anzugeben , die ihrer Ansicht nach typisch fuer die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung waren . 162 Frageboegen gelangten zur Auswertung . Mit den von den Therapeuten angegebenen Merkmalen stellten wir , der Operationalisierung von ICD-10 und DSM-IV folgend , die Diagnose einer Persoenlichkeitsstoerung oder der schizotypen Stoerung . 92,0% der Therapeuten gaben Merkmale an , die eine Diagnose der Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung nach ICD-10 und 96,3% nach DSM-IV ermoeglichte . Darueber hinaus wurden aber pro Therapeut bis zu 8 weitere Diagnosen gestellt . Dass die Borderline-Persoenlichkeitsstoerung mit ICD-10 und DSM-IV nicht eindeutig von anderen Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen oder der schizotypen Stoerung zu trennen ist , konnte gezeigt werden und stellt die Verwendung kategorialer Systeme in Frage . Nach unserer Ansicht wuerde eine dimensionale Aufteilung oder Gewichtung der Persoenlichkeitsstoerung untereinander die klinische Realitaet weit besser abbilden .

[ "Der", "Begriff", "\"", "Borderline", "\"", "wird", "seit", "langem", "unscharf", "verwendet", ".", "ICD-10", "und", "DSM", "-", "IV", "geben", "zwar", "klare", "Diagnosenkriterien", "an", ",", "dennoch", "scheint", "der", "Begriff", "im", "klinischen", "Gebrauch", "nichts", "von", "der", "Unschaerfe", "der", "letzten", "Jahrzehnte", "verloren", "zu", "haben", ".", "In", "unserer", "Untersuchung", "konstruierten", "wir", "eine", "Merkmalsliste", ",", "die", "alle", "Diagnosenmerkmale", "der", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen", "und", "der", "schizotypen", "Stoerung", "der", "ICD-10", "enthielt", ".", "Zusaetzlich", "wurden", "die", "Merkmale", "des", "DSM", "-", "IV", "fuer", "die", "Borderline", "-", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", ",", "die", "nicht", "in", "der", "ICD-10", "enthalten", "sind", ",", "mit", "aufgenommen", ".", "800", "Psychiater", "und", "Psychologen", "wurden", "gebeten", ",", "aus", "dieser", "Merkmalsliste", "die", "Merkmale", "anzugeben", ",", "die", "ihrer", "Ansicht", "nach", "typisch", "fuer", "die", "Borderline", "-", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "waren", ".", "162", "Frageboegen", "gelangten", "zur", "Auswertung", ".", "Mit", "den", "von", "den", "Therapeuten", "angegebenen", "Merkmalen", "stellten", "wir", ",", "der", "Operationalisierung", "von", "ICD-10", "und", "DSM", "-", "IV", "folgend", ",", "die", "Diagnose", "einer", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "oder", "der", "schizotypen", "Stoerung", ".", "92,0", "%", "der", "Therapeuten", "gaben", "Merkmale", "an", ",", "die", "eine", "Diagnose", "der", "Borderline", "-", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "nach", "ICD-10", "und", "96,3", "%", "nach", "DSM", "-", "IV", "ermoeglichte", ".", "Darueber", "hinaus", "wurden", "aber", "pro", "Therapeut", "bis", "zu", "8", "weitere", "Diagnosen", "gestellt", ".", "Dass", "die", "Borderline", "-", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "mit", "ICD-10", "und", "DSM", "-", "IV", "nicht", "eindeutig", "von", "anderen", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerungen", "oder", "der", "schizotypen", "Stoerung", "zu", "trennen", "ist", ",", "konnte", "gezeigt", "werden", "und", "stellt", "die", "Verwendung", "kategorialer", "Systeme", "in", "Frage", ".", "Nach", "unserer", "Ansicht", "wuerde", "eine", "dimensionale", "Aufteilung", "oder", "Gewichtung", "der", "Persoenlichkeitsstoerung", "untereinander", "die", "klinische", "Realitaet", "weit", "besser", "abbilden", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

HINT1 is a protein, glutamate is a compound, BDNF is a protein, TrkB is a protein, 14 - 3 - 3 protein is a protein, ATP is a compound

DS.d1722_task0

Sentence: Studies in schizophrenia identify robust decreases in genes for GABA function, including glutamic acid decarboxylase, HINT1, glutamate transport and GluRs, BDNF and TrkB, numerous 14-3-3 protein family members, and decreases in genes for CNS synaptic and metabolic functions, particularly glycolysis and ATP generation. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O" ]

Studies in schizophrenia identify robust decreases in genes for GABA function, including glutamic acid decarboxylase, HINT1, glutamate transport and GluRs, BDNF and TrkB, numerous 14-3-3 protein family members, and decreases in genes for CNS synaptic and metabolic functions, particularly glycolysis and ATP generation.

[ "Studies", "in", "schizophrenia", "identify", "robust", "decreases", "in", "genes", "for", "GABA", "function", ",", "including", "glutamic", "acid", "decarboxylase", ",", "HINT1", ",", "glutamate", "transport", "and", "GluRs", ",", "BDNF", "and", "TrkB", ",", "numerous", "14", "-", "3", "-", "3", "protein", "family", "members", ",", "and", "decreases", "in", "genes", "for", "CNS", "synaptic", "and", "metabolic", "functions", ",", "particularly", "glycolysis", "and", "ATP", "generation", "." ]

[ "protein", "compound" ]

HINT1 is a protein, glutamate is a compound, BDNF is a protein, TrkB is a protein, 14 - 3 - 3 protein is a protein, ATP is a compound

DS.d1722_task1

Sentence: Studies in schizophrenia identify robust decreases in genes for GABA function, including glutamic acid decarboxylase, HINT1, glutamate transport and GluRs, BDNF and TrkB, numerous 14-3-3 protein family members, and decreases in genes for CNS synaptic and metabolic functions, particularly glycolysis and ATP generation. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: HINT1, glutamate, BDNF, TrkB, 14 - 3 - 3 protein, ATP Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O" ]

Studies in schizophrenia identify robust decreases in genes for GABA function, including glutamic acid decarboxylase, HINT1, glutamate transport and GluRs, BDNF and TrkB, numerous 14-3-3 protein family members, and decreases in genes for CNS synaptic and metabolic functions, particularly glycolysis and ATP generation.

[ "Studies", "in", "schizophrenia", "identify", "robust", "decreases", "in", "genes", "for", "GABA", "function", ",", "including", "glutamic", "acid", "decarboxylase", ",", "HINT1", ",", "glutamate", "transport", "and", "GluRs", ",", "BDNF", "and", "TrkB", ",", "numerous", "14", "-", "3", "-", "3", "protein", "family", "members", ",", "and", "decreases", "in", "genes", "for", "CNS", "synaptic", "and", "metabolic", "functions", ",", "particularly", "glycolysis", "and", "ATP", "generation", "." ]

[ "protein", "compound" ]

HINT1, glutamate, BDNF, TrkB, 14 - 3 - 3 protein, ATP

DS.d1722_task2

Sentence: Studies in schizophrenia identify robust decreases in genes for GABA function, including glutamic acid decarboxylase, HINT1, glutamate transport and GluRs, BDNF and TrkB, numerous 14-3-3 protein family members, and decreases in genes for CNS synaptic and metabolic functions, particularly glycolysis and ATP generation. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O" ]

Studies in schizophrenia identify robust decreases in genes for GABA function, including glutamic acid decarboxylase, HINT1, glutamate transport and GluRs, BDNF and TrkB, numerous 14-3-3 protein family members, and decreases in genes for CNS synaptic and metabolic functions, particularly glycolysis and ATP generation.

[ "Studies", "in", "schizophrenia", "identify", "robust", "decreases", "in", "genes", "for", "GABA", "function", ",", "including", "glutamic", "acid", "decarboxylase", ",", "HINT1", ",", "glutamate", "transport", "and", "GluRs", ",", "BDNF", "and", "TrkB", ",", "numerous", "14", "-", "3", "-", "3", "protein", "family", "members", ",", "and", "decreases", "in", "genes", "for", "CNS", "synaptic", "and", "metabolic", "functions", ",", "particularly", "glycolysis", "and", "ATP", "generation", "." ]

[ "protein", "compound" ]

histone is a Protein_family_or_group, H3 is a Individual_protein, histone is a Protein_family_or_group, H4 is a Individual_protein

249_task0

Sentence: Double mutants containing N-terminal domain deletions of both histone H3 and histone H4 were inviable. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Individual_protein, Protein_family_or_group

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O" ]

Double mutants containing N-terminal domain deletions of both histone H3 and histone H4 were inviable.

[ "Double", "mutants", "containing", "N", "-", "terminal", "domain", "deletions", "of", "both", "histone", "H3", "and", "histone", "H4", "were", "inviable", "." ]

[ "Protein_family_or_group", "Individual_protein" ]

histone is a Protein_family_or_group, H3 is a Individual_protein, histone is a Protein_family_or_group, H4 is a Individual_protein

249_task1

Sentence: Double mutants containing N-terminal domain deletions of both histone H3 and histone H4 were inviable. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: histone, H3, histone, H4 Options: Individual_protein, Protein_family_or_group

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O" ]

Double mutants containing N-terminal domain deletions of both histone H3 and histone H4 were inviable.

[ "Double", "mutants", "containing", "N", "-", "terminal", "domain", "deletions", "of", "both", "histone", "H3", "and", "histone", "H4", "were", "inviable", "." ]

[ "Protein_family_or_group", "Individual_protein" ]

histone, H3, histone, H4

249_task2

Sentence: Double mutants containing N-terminal domain deletions of both histone H3 and histone H4 were inviable. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O" ]

Double mutants containing N-terminal domain deletions of both histone H3 and histone H4 were inviable.

[ "Double", "mutants", "containing", "N", "-", "terminal", "domain", "deletions", "of", "both", "histone", "H3", "and", "histone", "H4", "were", "inviable", "." ]

[ "Protein_family_or_group", "Individual_protein" ]

Glucose is a CHEMICAL

23585333_task0

Sentence: Tandem Assays of Protein and Glucose with Functionalized Core/Shell Particles Based on Magnetic Separation and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Tandem Assays of Protein and Glucose with Functionalized Core/Shell Particles Based on Magnetic Separation and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering.

[ "Tandem", "Assays", "of", "Protein", "and", "Glucose", "with", "Functionalized", "Core", "/", "Shell", "Particles", "Based", "on", "Magnetic", "Separation", "and", "Surface", "-", "Enhanced", "Raman", "Scattering", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL" ]