bio-datasets/bigbio-ner-merged · Datasets at Hugging Face

answer stringlengths 1 16.1k	id stringlengths 7 56	instruction stringlengths 106 72.6k	ner_tags list	text stringlengths 5 72.4k	tokens list	types list
TACR1	47_task2	Sentence: Fine mapping of the 2p11 dyslexia locus and exclusion of TACR1 as a candidate gene. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Fine mapping of the 2p11 dyslexia locus and exclusion of TACR1 as a candidate gene.	[ "Fine", "mapping", "of", "the", "2p11", "dyslexia", "locus", "and", "exclusion", "of", " ", "TACR1", " ", "as", "a", "candidate", "gene", "." ]	[ "variant", "gene" ]
surgical is an umlsterm, methods is an umlsterm, screw is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, methods is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, trend is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, displacement is an umlsterm, trend is an umlsterm, growth is an umlsterm, growth is an umlsterm, mandible is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, disorders is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, minor is an umlsterm, displacement is an umlsterm, ability is an umlsterm, children is an umlsterm	MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.00040069.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Due to advances in surgical methods , such as miniplate and lag screw osteosynthesis , there is current discussion about the adequate therapy of condylar fractures . Regarding the insufficient outcome of conservative treatment confirmed by refined methods of functional diagnosis , there is a trend towards surgical therapy , at least in cases of condylar displacement out of the fossa . This trend was also prompted when surgeons learned that the condyle determines local growth but does not serve as a growth center of the mandible . Along with increased interest in temporomandibular function and surgical therapy of internal disorders , surgical therapy of traumatic soft tissue lesions was emphasized . This consequently led to surgical restoration of intraarticular fractures . Conservative treatment will nonetheless be sufficient in cases of minor displacement due to a higher ability of remodeling , even more so in children . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Due to advances in surgical methods , such as miniplate and lag screw osteosynthesis , there is current discussion about the adequate therapy of condylar fractures . Regarding the insufficient outcome of conservative treatment confirmed by refined methods of functional diagnosis , there is a trend towards surgical therapy , at least in cases of condylar displacement out of the fossa . This trend was also prompted when surgeons learned that the condyle determines local growth but does not serve as a growth center of the mandible . Along with increased interest in temporomandibular function and surgical therapy of internal disorders , surgical therapy of traumatic soft tissue lesions was emphasized . This consequently led to surgical restoration of intraarticular fractures . Conservative treatment will nonetheless be sufficient in cases of minor displacement due to a higher ability of remodeling , even more so in children .	[ "Due", "to", "advances", "in", "surgical", "methods", ",", "such", "as", "miniplate", "and", "lag", "screw", "osteosynthesis", ",", "there", "is", "current", "discussion", "about", "the", "adequate", "therapy", "of", "condylar", "fractures", ".", "Regarding", "the", "insufficient", "outcome", "of", "conservative", "treatment", "confirmed", "by", "refined", "methods", "of", "functional", "diagnosis", ",", "there", "is", "a", "trend", "towards", "surgical", "therapy", ",", "at", "least", "in", "cases", "of", "condylar", "displacement", "out", "of", "the", "fossa", ".", "This", "trend", "was", "also", "prompted", "when", "surgeons", "learned", "that", "the", "condyle", "determines", "local", "growth", "but", "does", "not", "serve", "as", "a", "growth", "center", "of", "the", "mandible", ".", "Along", "with", "increased", "interest", "in", "temporomandibular", "function", "and", "surgical", "therapy", "of", "internal", "disorders", ",", "surgical", "therapy", "of", "traumatic", "soft", "tissue", "lesions", "was", "emphasized", ".", "This", "consequently", "led", "to", "surgical", "restoration", "of", "intraarticular", "fractures", ".", "Conservative", "treatment", "will", "nonetheless", "be", "sufficient", "in", "cases", "of", "minor", "displacement", "due", "to", "a", "higher", "ability", "of", "remodeling", ",", "even", "more", "so", "in", "children", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
surgical is an umlsterm, methods is an umlsterm, screw is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, methods is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, trend is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, displacement is an umlsterm, trend is an umlsterm, growth is an umlsterm, growth is an umlsterm, mandible is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, disorders is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, minor is an umlsterm, displacement is an umlsterm, ability is an umlsterm, children is an umlsterm	MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.00040069.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Due to advances in surgical methods , such as miniplate and lag screw osteosynthesis , there is current discussion about the adequate therapy of condylar fractures . Regarding the insufficient outcome of conservative treatment confirmed by refined methods of functional diagnosis , there is a trend towards surgical therapy , at least in cases of condylar displacement out of the fossa . This trend was also prompted when surgeons learned that the condyle determines local growth but does not serve as a growth center of the mandible . Along with increased interest in temporomandibular function and surgical therapy of internal disorders , surgical therapy of traumatic soft tissue lesions was emphasized . This consequently led to surgical restoration of intraarticular fractures . Conservative treatment will nonetheless be sufficient in cases of minor displacement due to a higher ability of remodeling , even more so in children . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: surgical, methods, screw, therapy, fractures, treatment, methods, diagnosis, trend, surgical, therapy, displacement, trend, growth, growth, mandible, function, surgical, therapy, disorders, surgical, therapy, tissue, surgical, fractures, treatment, minor, displacement, ability, children Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Due to advances in surgical methods , such as miniplate and lag screw osteosynthesis , there is current discussion about the adequate therapy of condylar fractures . Regarding the insufficient outcome of conservative treatment confirmed by refined methods of functional diagnosis , there is a trend towards surgical therapy , at least in cases of condylar displacement out of the fossa . This trend was also prompted when surgeons learned that the condyle determines local growth but does not serve as a growth center of the mandible . Along with increased interest in temporomandibular function and surgical therapy of internal disorders , surgical therapy of traumatic soft tissue lesions was emphasized . This consequently led to surgical restoration of intraarticular fractures . Conservative treatment will nonetheless be sufficient in cases of minor displacement due to a higher ability of remodeling , even more so in children .	[ "Due", "to", "advances", "in", "surgical", "methods", ",", "such", "as", "miniplate", "and", "lag", "screw", "osteosynthesis", ",", "there", "is", "current", "discussion", "about", "the", "adequate", "therapy", "of", "condylar", "fractures", ".", "Regarding", "the", "insufficient", "outcome", "of", "conservative", "treatment", "confirmed", "by", "refined", "methods", "of", "functional", "diagnosis", ",", "there", "is", "a", "trend", "towards", "surgical", "therapy", ",", "at", "least", "in", "cases", "of", "condylar", "displacement", "out", "of", "the", "fossa", ".", "This", "trend", "was", "also", "prompted", "when", "surgeons", "learned", "that", "the", "condyle", "determines", "local", "growth", "but", "does", "not", "serve", "as", "a", "growth", "center", "of", "the", "mandible", ".", "Along", "with", "increased", "interest", "in", "temporomandibular", "function", "and", "surgical", "therapy", "of", "internal", "disorders", ",", "surgical", "therapy", "of", "traumatic", "soft", "tissue", "lesions", "was", "emphasized", ".", "This", "consequently", "led", "to", "surgical", "restoration", "of", "intraarticular", "fractures", ".", "Conservative", "treatment", "will", "nonetheless", "be", "sufficient", "in", "cases", "of", "minor", "displacement", "due", "to", "a", "higher", "ability", "of", "remodeling", ",", "even", "more", "so", "in", "children", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
surgical, methods, screw, therapy, fractures, treatment, methods, diagnosis, trend, surgical, therapy, displacement, trend, growth, growth, mandible, function, surgical, therapy, disorders, surgical, therapy, tissue, surgical, fractures, treatment, minor, displacement, ability, children	MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.00040069.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Due to advances in surgical methods , such as miniplate and lag screw osteosynthesis , there is current discussion about the adequate therapy of condylar fractures . Regarding the insufficient outcome of conservative treatment confirmed by refined methods of functional diagnosis , there is a trend towards surgical therapy , at least in cases of condylar displacement out of the fossa . This trend was also prompted when surgeons learned that the condyle determines local growth but does not serve as a growth center of the mandible . Along with increased interest in temporomandibular function and surgical therapy of internal disorders , surgical therapy of traumatic soft tissue lesions was emphasized . This consequently led to surgical restoration of intraarticular fractures . Conservative treatment will nonetheless be sufficient in cases of minor displacement due to a higher ability of remodeling , even more so in children . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Due to advances in surgical methods , such as miniplate and lag screw osteosynthesis , there is current discussion about the adequate therapy of condylar fractures . Regarding the insufficient outcome of conservative treatment confirmed by refined methods of functional diagnosis , there is a trend towards surgical therapy , at least in cases of condylar displacement out of the fossa . This trend was also prompted when surgeons learned that the condyle determines local growth but does not serve as a growth center of the mandible . Along with increased interest in temporomandibular function and surgical therapy of internal disorders , surgical therapy of traumatic soft tissue lesions was emphasized . This consequently led to surgical restoration of intraarticular fractures . Conservative treatment will nonetheless be sufficient in cases of minor displacement due to a higher ability of remodeling , even more so in children .	[ "Due", "to", "advances", "in", "surgical", "methods", ",", "such", "as", "miniplate", "and", "lag", "screw", "osteosynthesis", ",", "there", "is", "current", "discussion", "about", "the", "adequate", "therapy", "of", "condylar", "fractures", ".", "Regarding", "the", "insufficient", "outcome", "of", "conservative", "treatment", "confirmed", "by", "refined", "methods", "of", "functional", "diagnosis", ",", "there", "is", "a", "trend", "towards", "surgical", "therapy", ",", "at", "least", "in", "cases", "of", "condylar", "displacement", "out", "of", "the", "fossa", ".", "This", "trend", "was", "also", "prompted", "when", "surgeons", "learned", "that", "the", "condyle", "determines", "local", "growth", "but", "does", "not", "serve", "as", "a", "growth", "center", "of", "the", "mandible", ".", "Along", "with", "increased", "interest", "in", "temporomandibular", "function", "and", "surgical", "therapy", "of", "internal", "disorders", ",", "surgical", "therapy", "of", "traumatic", "soft", "tissue", "lesions", "was", "emphasized", ".", "This", "consequently", "led", "to", "surgical", "restoration", "of", "intraarticular", "fractures", ".", "Conservative", "treatment", "will", "nonetheless", "be", "sufficient", "in", "cases", "of", "minor", "displacement", "due", "to", "a", "higher", "ability", "of", "remodeling", ",", "even", "more", "so", "in", "children", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Abstract is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, plantar ulcers is an umlsterm, leg is an umlsterm, perfusions is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, method is an umlsterm, clinical trial is an umlsterm, male is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, ulcers is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, ulcer is an umlsterm, debridement is an umlsterm, amputation is an umlsterm, toes is an umlsterm, forefoot is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, ulcers is an umlsterm, infections is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.40450074.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Abstract . Since systemic treatment of neuropathic plantar ulcers in diabetics ( DNPU ) has so far been rather ineffective , recent reports of successful management of DNPU by short-term retrograde transvenous leg perfusions ( RVP ) by South American angiologists encouraged us to apply this treatment method in diabetics suffering from chronic DNPU . Hence , in a prospective comparative clinical trial started in 1989 we have treated 45 male diabetics suffering from DNPU with the same daily doses of netilmycin , administered either in systemic venous infusions ( SVI : n=21, three times/day ) or in RVP ( n=24, once/day ) . After 10 consecutive days of treatment , ulcers had closed in 8 of the 24 patients treated with RVP , as against 3 of the 21 treated with SVI . Diminution of the ulcer area by > 30% including full debridement was achieved in 10/24 of the RVP cases ( SVI : 4/21 ) . During 6 months of follow-up , amputation of toes or forefoot was necessary in only 1 patient in the RVP group , but in 4 in the SVI group . Partial restitution of osteolytic damage was observed in some cases after RVP . Our results show that regional netilmycin therapy given by the RVP procedure is clearly superior to equal netilmycin doses administered by SVI for the treatment of DNPU . RVP can be recommended in DNPU , particularly when the ulcers are complicated by infections . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Abstract . Since systemic treatment of neuropathic plantar ulcers in diabetics ( DNPU ) has so far been rather ineffective , recent reports of successful management of DNPU by short-term retrograde transvenous leg perfusions ( RVP ) by South American angiologists encouraged us to apply this treatment method in diabetics suffering from chronic DNPU . Hence , in a prospective comparative clinical trial started in 1989 we have treated 45 male diabetics suffering from DNPU with the same daily doses of netilmycin , administered either in systemic venous infusions ( SVI : n=21, three times/day ) or in RVP ( n=24, once/day ) . After 10 consecutive days of treatment , ulcers had closed in 8 of the 24 patients treated with RVP , as against 3 of the 21 treated with SVI . Diminution of the ulcer area by > 30% including full debridement was achieved in 10/24 of the RVP cases ( SVI : 4/21 ) . During 6 months of follow-up , amputation of toes or forefoot was necessary in only 1 patient in the RVP group , but in 4 in the SVI group . Partial restitution of osteolytic damage was observed in some cases after RVP . Our results show that regional netilmycin therapy given by the RVP procedure is clearly superior to equal netilmycin doses administered by SVI for the treatment of DNPU . RVP can be recommended in DNPU , particularly when the ulcers are complicated by infections .	[ "Abstract", ".", "Since", "systemic", "treatment", "of", "neuropathic", "plantar", "ulcers", "in", "diabetics", "(", "DNPU", ")", "has", "so", "far", "been", "rather", "ineffective", ",", "recent", "reports", "of", "successful", "management", "of", "DNPU", "by", "short", "-", "term", "retrograde", "transvenous", "leg", "perfusions", "(", "RVP", ")", "by", "South", "American", "angiologists", "encouraged", "us", "to", "apply", "this", "treatment", "method", "in", "diabetics", "suffering", "from", "chronic", "DNPU", ".", "Hence", ",", "in", "a", "prospective", "comparative", "clinical", "trial", "started", "in", "1989", "we", "have", "treated", "45", "male", "diabetics", "suffering", "from", "DNPU", "with", "the", "same", "daily", "doses", "of", "netilmycin", ",", "administered", "either", "in", "systemic", "venous", "infusions", "(", "SVI", ":", "n=21", ",", "three", "times", "/", "day", ")", "or", "in", "RVP", "(", "n=24", ",", "once", "/", "day", ")", ".", "After", "10", "consecutive", "days", "of", "treatment", ",", "ulcers", "had", "closed", "in", "8", "of", "the", "24", "patients", "treated", "with", "RVP", ",", "as", "against", "3", "of", "the", "21", "treated", "with", "SVI", ".", "Diminution", "of", "the", "ulcer", "area", "by", ">", "30", "%", "including", "full", "debridement", "was", "achieved", "in", "10/24", "of", "the", "RVP", "cases", "(", "SVI", ":", "4/21", ")", ".", "During", "6", "months", "of", "follow", "-", "up", ",", "amputation", "of", "toes", "or", "forefoot", "was", "necessary", "in", "only", "1", "patient", "in", "the", "RVP", "group", ",", "but", "in", "4", "in", "the", "SVI", "group", ".", "Partial", "restitution", "of", "osteolytic", "damage", "was", "observed", "in", "some", "cases", "after", "RVP", ".", "Our", "results", "show", "that", "regional", "netilmycin", "therapy", "given", "by", "the", "RVP", "procedure", "is", "clearly", "superior", "to", "equal", "netilmycin", "doses", "administered", "by", "SVI", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "DNPU", ".", "RVP", "can", "be", "recommended", "in", "DNPU", ",", "particularly", "when", "the", "ulcers", "are", "complicated", "by", "infections", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Abstract is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, plantar ulcers is an umlsterm, leg is an umlsterm, perfusions is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, method is an umlsterm, clinical trial is an umlsterm, male is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, ulcers is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, ulcer is an umlsterm, debridement is an umlsterm, amputation is an umlsterm, toes is an umlsterm, forefoot is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, ulcers is an umlsterm, infections is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.40450074.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Abstract . Since systemic treatment of neuropathic plantar ulcers in diabetics ( DNPU ) has so far been rather ineffective , recent reports of successful management of DNPU by short-term retrograde transvenous leg perfusions ( RVP ) by South American angiologists encouraged us to apply this treatment method in diabetics suffering from chronic DNPU . Hence , in a prospective comparative clinical trial started in 1989 we have treated 45 male diabetics suffering from DNPU with the same daily doses of netilmycin , administered either in systemic venous infusions ( SVI : n=21, three times/day ) or in RVP ( n=24, once/day ) . After 10 consecutive days of treatment , ulcers had closed in 8 of the 24 patients treated with RVP , as against 3 of the 21 treated with SVI . Diminution of the ulcer area by > 30% including full debridement was achieved in 10/24 of the RVP cases ( SVI : 4/21 ) . During 6 months of follow-up , amputation of toes or forefoot was necessary in only 1 patient in the RVP group , but in 4 in the SVI group . Partial restitution of osteolytic damage was observed in some cases after RVP . Our results show that regional netilmycin therapy given by the RVP procedure is clearly superior to equal netilmycin doses administered by SVI for the treatment of DNPU . RVP can be recommended in DNPU , particularly when the ulcers are complicated by infections . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Abstract, treatment, plantar ulcers, leg, perfusions, treatment, method, clinical trial, male, treatment, ulcers, patients, ulcer, debridement, amputation, toes, forefoot, patient, therapy, procedure, treatment, ulcers, infections Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Abstract . Since systemic treatment of neuropathic plantar ulcers in diabetics ( DNPU ) has so far been rather ineffective , recent reports of successful management of DNPU by short-term retrograde transvenous leg perfusions ( RVP ) by South American angiologists encouraged us to apply this treatment method in diabetics suffering from chronic DNPU . Hence , in a prospective comparative clinical trial started in 1989 we have treated 45 male diabetics suffering from DNPU with the same daily doses of netilmycin , administered either in systemic venous infusions ( SVI : n=21, three times/day ) or in RVP ( n=24, once/day ) . After 10 consecutive days of treatment , ulcers had closed in 8 of the 24 patients treated with RVP , as against 3 of the 21 treated with SVI . Diminution of the ulcer area by > 30% including full debridement was achieved in 10/24 of the RVP cases ( SVI : 4/21 ) . During 6 months of follow-up , amputation of toes or forefoot was necessary in only 1 patient in the RVP group , but in 4 in the SVI group . Partial restitution of osteolytic damage was observed in some cases after RVP . Our results show that regional netilmycin therapy given by the RVP procedure is clearly superior to equal netilmycin doses administered by SVI for the treatment of DNPU . RVP can be recommended in DNPU , particularly when the ulcers are complicated by infections .	[ "Abstract", ".", "Since", "systemic", "treatment", "of", "neuropathic", "plantar", "ulcers", "in", "diabetics", "(", "DNPU", ")", "has", "so", "far", "been", "rather", "ineffective", ",", "recent", "reports", "of", "successful", "management", "of", "DNPU", "by", "short", "-", "term", "retrograde", "transvenous", "leg", "perfusions", "(", "RVP", ")", "by", "South", "American", "angiologists", "encouraged", "us", "to", "apply", "this", "treatment", "method", "in", "diabetics", "suffering", "from", "chronic", "DNPU", ".", "Hence", ",", "in", "a", "prospective", "comparative", "clinical", "trial", "started", "in", "1989", "we", "have", "treated", "45", "male", "diabetics", "suffering", "from", "DNPU", "with", "the", "same", "daily", "doses", "of", "netilmycin", ",", "administered", "either", "in", "systemic", "venous", "infusions", "(", "SVI", ":", "n=21", ",", "three", "times", "/", "day", ")", "or", "in", "RVP", "(", "n=24", ",", "once", "/", "day", ")", ".", "After", "10", "consecutive", "days", "of", "treatment", ",", "ulcers", "had", "closed", "in", "8", "of", "the", "24", "patients", "treated", "with", "RVP", ",", "as", "against", "3", "of", "the", "21", "treated", "with", "SVI", ".", "Diminution", "of", "the", "ulcer", "area", "by", ">", "30", "%", "including", "full", "debridement", "was", "achieved", "in", "10/24", "of", "the", "RVP", "cases", "(", "SVI", ":", "4/21", ")", ".", "During", "6", "months", "of", "follow", "-", "up", ",", "amputation", "of", "toes", "or", "forefoot", "was", "necessary", "in", "only", "1", "patient", "in", "the", "RVP", "group", ",", "but", "in", "4", "in", "the", "SVI", "group", ".", "Partial", "restitution", "of", "osteolytic", "damage", "was", "observed", "in", "some", "cases", "after", "RVP", ".", "Our", "results", "show", "that", "regional", "netilmycin", "therapy", "given", "by", "the", "RVP", "procedure", "is", "clearly", "superior", "to", "equal", "netilmycin", "doses", "administered", "by", "SVI", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "DNPU", ".", "RVP", "can", "be", "recommended", "in", "DNPU", ",", "particularly", "when", "the", "ulcers", "are", "complicated", "by", "infections", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Abstract, treatment, plantar ulcers, leg, perfusions, treatment, method, clinical trial, male, treatment, ulcers, patients, ulcer, debridement, amputation, toes, forefoot, patient, therapy, procedure, treatment, ulcers, infections	DerHautarzt.40450074.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Abstract . Since systemic treatment of neuropathic plantar ulcers in diabetics ( DNPU ) has so far been rather ineffective , recent reports of successful management of DNPU by short-term retrograde transvenous leg perfusions ( RVP ) by South American angiologists encouraged us to apply this treatment method in diabetics suffering from chronic DNPU . Hence , in a prospective comparative clinical trial started in 1989 we have treated 45 male diabetics suffering from DNPU with the same daily doses of netilmycin , administered either in systemic venous infusions ( SVI : n=21, three times/day ) or in RVP ( n=24, once/day ) . After 10 consecutive days of treatment , ulcers had closed in 8 of the 24 patients treated with RVP , as against 3 of the 21 treated with SVI . Diminution of the ulcer area by > 30% including full debridement was achieved in 10/24 of the RVP cases ( SVI : 4/21 ) . During 6 months of follow-up , amputation of toes or forefoot was necessary in only 1 patient in the RVP group , but in 4 in the SVI group . Partial restitution of osteolytic damage was observed in some cases after RVP . Our results show that regional netilmycin therapy given by the RVP procedure is clearly superior to equal netilmycin doses administered by SVI for the treatment of DNPU . RVP can be recommended in DNPU , particularly when the ulcers are complicated by infections . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Abstract . Since systemic treatment of neuropathic plantar ulcers in diabetics ( DNPU ) has so far been rather ineffective , recent reports of successful management of DNPU by short-term retrograde transvenous leg perfusions ( RVP ) by South American angiologists encouraged us to apply this treatment method in diabetics suffering from chronic DNPU . Hence , in a prospective comparative clinical trial started in 1989 we have treated 45 male diabetics suffering from DNPU with the same daily doses of netilmycin , administered either in systemic venous infusions ( SVI : n=21, three times/day ) or in RVP ( n=24, once/day ) . After 10 consecutive days of treatment , ulcers had closed in 8 of the 24 patients treated with RVP , as against 3 of the 21 treated with SVI . Diminution of the ulcer area by > 30% including full debridement was achieved in 10/24 of the RVP cases ( SVI : 4/21 ) . During 6 months of follow-up , amputation of toes or forefoot was necessary in only 1 patient in the RVP group , but in 4 in the SVI group . Partial restitution of osteolytic damage was observed in some cases after RVP . Our results show that regional netilmycin therapy given by the RVP procedure is clearly superior to equal netilmycin doses administered by SVI for the treatment of DNPU . RVP can be recommended in DNPU , particularly when the ulcers are complicated by infections .	[ "Abstract", ".", "Since", "systemic", "treatment", "of", "neuropathic", "plantar", "ulcers", "in", "diabetics", "(", "DNPU", ")", "has", "so", "far", "been", "rather", "ineffective", ",", "recent", "reports", "of", "successful", "management", "of", "DNPU", "by", "short", "-", "term", "retrograde", "transvenous", "leg", "perfusions", "(", "RVP", ")", "by", "South", "American", "angiologists", "encouraged", "us", "to", "apply", "this", "treatment", "method", "in", "diabetics", "suffering", "from", "chronic", "DNPU", ".", "Hence", ",", "in", "a", "prospective", "comparative", "clinical", "trial", "started", "in", "1989", "we", "have", "treated", "45", "male", "diabetics", "suffering", "from", "DNPU", "with", "the", "same", "daily", "doses", "of", "netilmycin", ",", "administered", "either", "in", "systemic", "venous", "infusions", "(", "SVI", ":", "n=21", ",", "three", "times", "/", "day", ")", "or", "in", "RVP", "(", "n=24", ",", "once", "/", "day", ")", ".", "After", "10", "consecutive", "days", "of", "treatment", ",", "ulcers", "had", "closed", "in", "8", "of", "the", "24", "patients", "treated", "with", "RVP", ",", "as", "against", "3", "of", "the", "21", "treated", "with", "SVI", ".", "Diminution", "of", "the", "ulcer", "area", "by", ">", "30", "%", "including", "full", "debridement", "was", "achieved", "in", "10/24", "of", "the", "RVP", "cases", "(", "SVI", ":", "4/21", ")", ".", "During", "6", "months", "of", "follow", "-", "up", ",", "amputation", "of", "toes", "or", "forefoot", "was", "necessary", "in", "only", "1", "patient", "in", "the", "RVP", "group", ",", "but", "in", "4", "in", "the", "SVI", "group", ".", "Partial", "restitution", "of", "osteolytic", "damage", "was", "observed", "in", "some", "cases", "after", "RVP", ".", "Our", "results", "show", "that", "regional", "netilmycin", "therapy", "given", "by", "the", "RVP", "procedure", "is", "clearly", "superior", "to", "equal", "netilmycin", "doses", "administered", "by", "SVI", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "DNPU", ".", "RVP", "can", "be", "recommended", "in", "DNPU", ",", "particularly", "when", "the", "ulcers", "are", "complicated", "by", "infections", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
11-base - pair DNA sequence motif is a DNA_substructure, human interleukin 4 gene is a DNA_domain_or_region, T - cell activation signals is an other_name	86652_task0	Sentence: An 11-base-pair DNA sequence motif apparently unique to the human interleukin 4 gene confers responsiveness to T-cell activation signals. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: other_name, DNA_domain_or_region, DNA_substructure	[ "O", "B-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "O", "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]	An 11-base-pair DNA sequence motif apparently unique to the human interleukin 4 gene confers responsiveness to T-cell activation signals.	[ "An", "11-base", "-", "pair", "DNA", "sequence", "motif", "apparently", "unique", "to", "the", "human", "interleukin", "4", "gene", "confers", "responsiveness", "to", "T", "-", "cell", "activation", "signals", "." ]	[ "DNA_domain_or_region", "protein_molecule", "DNA_substructure", "other_name", "protein_family_or_group", "(AND DNA_domain_or_region DNA_domain_or_region)", "polynucleotide", "cell_line", "" ]
11-base - pair DNA sequence motif is a DNA_substructure, human interleukin 4 gene is a DNA_domain_or_region, T - cell activation signals is an other_name	86652_task1	Sentence: An 11-base-pair DNA sequence motif apparently unique to the human interleukin 4 gene confers responsiveness to T-cell activation signals. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: 11-base - pair DNA sequence motif, human interleukin 4 gene, T - cell activation signals Options: other_name, DNA_domain_or_region, DNA_substructure	[ "O", "B-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "O", "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]	An 11-base-pair DNA sequence motif apparently unique to the human interleukin 4 gene confers responsiveness to T-cell activation signals.	[ "An", "11-base", "-", "pair", "DNA", "sequence", "motif", "apparently", "unique", "to", "the", "human", "interleukin", "4", "gene", "confers", "responsiveness", "to", "T", "-", "cell", "activation", "signals", "." ]	[ "DNA_domain_or_region", "protein_molecule", "DNA_substructure", "other_name", "protein_family_or_group", "(AND DNA_domain_or_region DNA_domain_or_region)", "polynucleotide", "cell_line", "" ]
11-base - pair DNA sequence motif, human interleukin 4 gene, T - cell activation signals	86652_task2	Sentence: An 11-base-pair DNA sequence motif apparently unique to the human interleukin 4 gene confers responsiveness to T-cell activation signals. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "B-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "O", "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]	An 11-base-pair DNA sequence motif apparently unique to the human interleukin 4 gene confers responsiveness to T-cell activation signals.	[ "An", "11-base", "-", "pair", "DNA", "sequence", "motif", "apparently", "unique", "to", "the", "human", "interleukin", "4", "gene", "confers", "responsiveness", "to", "T", "-", "cell", "activation", "signals", "." ]	[ "DNA_domain_or_region", "protein_molecule", "DNA_substructure", "other_name", "protein_family_or_group", "(AND DNA_domain_or_region DNA_domain_or_region)", "polynucleotide", "cell_line", "" ]
Glu 4 Lys is a ProteinMutation	1027_task0	Sentence: A novel single-nucleotide substitution, Glu 4 Lys, in the leukotriene C4 synthase gene associated with allergic diseases. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: ProteinMutation	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ProteinMutation", "I-ProteinMutation", "I-ProteinMutation", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	A novel single-nucleotide substitution, Glu 4 Lys, in the leukotriene C4 synthase gene associated with allergic diseases.	[ "A", "novel", "single", "-", "nucleotide", "substitution", ",", "Glu", "4", "Lys", ",", "in", "the", "leukotriene", "C4", "synthase", "gene", "associated", "with", "allergic", "diseases", "." ]	[ "ProteinMutation", "DNAMutation" ]
Glu 4 Lys is a ProteinMutation	1027_task1	Sentence: A novel single-nucleotide substitution, Glu 4 Lys, in the leukotriene C4 synthase gene associated with allergic diseases. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Glu 4 Lys Options: ProteinMutation	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ProteinMutation", "I-ProteinMutation", "I-ProteinMutation", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	A novel single-nucleotide substitution, Glu 4 Lys, in the leukotriene C4 synthase gene associated with allergic diseases.	[ "A", "novel", "single", "-", "nucleotide", "substitution", ",", "Glu", "4", "Lys", ",", "in", "the", "leukotriene", "C4", "synthase", "gene", "associated", "with", "allergic", "diseases", "." ]	[ "ProteinMutation", "DNAMutation" ]
Glu 4 Lys	1027_task2	Sentence: A novel single-nucleotide substitution, Glu 4 Lys, in the leukotriene C4 synthase gene associated with allergic diseases. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ProteinMutation", "I-ProteinMutation", "I-ProteinMutation", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	A novel single-nucleotide substitution, Glu 4 Lys, in the leukotriene C4 synthase gene associated with allergic diseases.	[ "A", "novel", "single", "-", "nucleotide", "substitution", ",", "Glu", "4", "Lys", ",", "in", "the", "leukotriene", "C4", "synthase", "gene", "associated", "with", "allergic", "diseases", "." ]	[ "ProteinMutation", "DNAMutation" ]
Patienten is an umlsterm, Spondylodesen is an umlsterm, Spondylodese - Patienten is an umlsterm, Analyse is an umlsterm, Spondylodese - Patienten is an umlsterm, Spondylodese is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patientengruppen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Beratung is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm	DerSchmerz.60100071.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Depressivitaet und Operationserfolg von Patienten mit lumbalen Nucleotomien und Spondylodesen . Es werden 2 Hypothesen ueberprueft : 1. Praeoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und stellt einen Risikofaktor fuer die Chronifizierung dar praediktives Konzept ) . ( 2. Postoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und ist als Reaktion auf eine unguenstig verlaufene Operation zu werten ( reaktives Konzept ) . Bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten wurde der Operationserfolg 6 Monate nach der Operation , bei den Spondylodese-Patienten 9 Monate nach der Operation ueberprueft . Die Analyse der Daten von 78 Nucleotomie- und 132 Spondylodese-Patienten erbrachte keine signifikanten Korrelationen zwischen der praeoperativ gemessenen Depressivitaet und den Kriterien des Operationserfolges bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten . Bei den Spondylodese Patienten dagegen wurden signifikante negative Korrelationen zwischen praeoperativer Depressivitaet und den subjektiven Parametern des Erfolges gefunden . Postoperativ waren bei beiden Patientengruppen ausgepraegte Zusammenhaenge zwischen Depressivitaet und fast allen Erfolgskriterien zu verzeichnen . Aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten mit klinisch relevanten Depressivitaetswerten war ein signifikant groesserer Anteil erfolglos operiert worden als aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten ohne klinisch relevante Depressivitaetswerte . Die Ergebnisse legen nahe , dass sich das depressive Zustandsbild der Patienten als Reaktion auf einen unguenstigen Operationserfolg entwickelt bzw. verschlimmert . Die Notwendigkeit , fuer Patienten mit unguenstigem Operationserfolg psychologische Beratung oder Behandlung und physiotherapeutische Massnahmen zu kombinieren , wird diskutiert . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Depressivitaet und Operationserfolg von Patienten mit lumbalen Nucleotomien und Spondylodesen . Es werden 2 Hypothesen ueberprueft : 1. Praeoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und stellt einen Risikofaktor fuer die Chronifizierung dar praediktives Konzept ) . ( 2. Postoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und ist als Reaktion auf eine unguenstig verlaufene Operation zu werten ( reaktives Konzept ) . Bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten wurde der Operationserfolg 6 Monate nach der Operation , bei den Spondylodese-Patienten 9 Monate nach der Operation ueberprueft . Die Analyse der Daten von 78 Nucleotomie- und 132 Spondylodese-Patienten erbrachte keine signifikanten Korrelationen zwischen der praeoperativ gemessenen Depressivitaet und den Kriterien des Operationserfolges bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten . Bei den Spondylodese Patienten dagegen wurden signifikante negative Korrelationen zwischen praeoperativer Depressivitaet und den subjektiven Parametern des Erfolges gefunden . Postoperativ waren bei beiden Patientengruppen ausgepraegte Zusammenhaenge zwischen Depressivitaet und fast allen Erfolgskriterien zu verzeichnen . Aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten mit klinisch relevanten Depressivitaetswerten war ein signifikant groesserer Anteil erfolglos operiert worden als aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten ohne klinisch relevante Depressivitaetswerte . Die Ergebnisse legen nahe , dass sich das depressive Zustandsbild der Patienten als Reaktion auf einen unguenstigen Operationserfolg entwickelt bzw. verschlimmert . Die Notwendigkeit , fuer Patienten mit unguenstigem Operationserfolg psychologische Beratung oder Behandlung und physiotherapeutische Massnahmen zu kombinieren , wird diskutiert .	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Patienten is an umlsterm, Spondylodesen is an umlsterm, Spondylodese - Patienten is an umlsterm, Analyse is an umlsterm, Spondylodese - Patienten is an umlsterm, Spondylodese is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patientengruppen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Beratung is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm	DerSchmerz.60100071.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Depressivitaet und Operationserfolg von Patienten mit lumbalen Nucleotomien und Spondylodesen . Es werden 2 Hypothesen ueberprueft : 1. Praeoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und stellt einen Risikofaktor fuer die Chronifizierung dar praediktives Konzept ) . ( 2. Postoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und ist als Reaktion auf eine unguenstig verlaufene Operation zu werten ( reaktives Konzept ) . Bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten wurde der Operationserfolg 6 Monate nach der Operation , bei den Spondylodese-Patienten 9 Monate nach der Operation ueberprueft . Die Analyse der Daten von 78 Nucleotomie- und 132 Spondylodese-Patienten erbrachte keine signifikanten Korrelationen zwischen der praeoperativ gemessenen Depressivitaet und den Kriterien des Operationserfolges bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten . Bei den Spondylodese Patienten dagegen wurden signifikante negative Korrelationen zwischen praeoperativer Depressivitaet und den subjektiven Parametern des Erfolges gefunden . Postoperativ waren bei beiden Patientengruppen ausgepraegte Zusammenhaenge zwischen Depressivitaet und fast allen Erfolgskriterien zu verzeichnen . Aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten mit klinisch relevanten Depressivitaetswerten war ein signifikant groesserer Anteil erfolglos operiert worden als aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten ohne klinisch relevante Depressivitaetswerte . Die Ergebnisse legen nahe , dass sich das depressive Zustandsbild der Patienten als Reaktion auf einen unguenstigen Operationserfolg entwickelt bzw. verschlimmert . Die Notwendigkeit , fuer Patienten mit unguenstigem Operationserfolg psychologische Beratung oder Behandlung und physiotherapeutische Massnahmen zu kombinieren , wird diskutiert . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Patienten, Spondylodesen, Spondylodese - Patienten, Analyse, Spondylodese - Patienten, Spondylodese, Patienten, Patientengruppen, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Beratung, Behandlung Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Depressivitaet und Operationserfolg von Patienten mit lumbalen Nucleotomien und Spondylodesen . Es werden 2 Hypothesen ueberprueft : 1. Praeoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und stellt einen Risikofaktor fuer die Chronifizierung dar praediktives Konzept ) . ( 2. Postoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und ist als Reaktion auf eine unguenstig verlaufene Operation zu werten ( reaktives Konzept ) . Bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten wurde der Operationserfolg 6 Monate nach der Operation , bei den Spondylodese-Patienten 9 Monate nach der Operation ueberprueft . Die Analyse der Daten von 78 Nucleotomie- und 132 Spondylodese-Patienten erbrachte keine signifikanten Korrelationen zwischen der praeoperativ gemessenen Depressivitaet und den Kriterien des Operationserfolges bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten . Bei den Spondylodese Patienten dagegen wurden signifikante negative Korrelationen zwischen praeoperativer Depressivitaet und den subjektiven Parametern des Erfolges gefunden . Postoperativ waren bei beiden Patientengruppen ausgepraegte Zusammenhaenge zwischen Depressivitaet und fast allen Erfolgskriterien zu verzeichnen . Aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten mit klinisch relevanten Depressivitaetswerten war ein signifikant groesserer Anteil erfolglos operiert worden als aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten ohne klinisch relevante Depressivitaetswerte . Die Ergebnisse legen nahe , dass sich das depressive Zustandsbild der Patienten als Reaktion auf einen unguenstigen Operationserfolg entwickelt bzw. verschlimmert . Die Notwendigkeit , fuer Patienten mit unguenstigem Operationserfolg psychologische Beratung oder Behandlung und physiotherapeutische Massnahmen zu kombinieren , wird diskutiert .	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Patienten, Spondylodesen, Spondylodese - Patienten, Analyse, Spondylodese - Patienten, Spondylodese, Patienten, Patientengruppen, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Beratung, Behandlung	DerSchmerz.60100071.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Depressivitaet und Operationserfolg von Patienten mit lumbalen Nucleotomien und Spondylodesen . Es werden 2 Hypothesen ueberprueft : 1. Praeoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und stellt einen Risikofaktor fuer die Chronifizierung dar praediktives Konzept ) . ( 2. Postoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und ist als Reaktion auf eine unguenstig verlaufene Operation zu werten ( reaktives Konzept ) . Bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten wurde der Operationserfolg 6 Monate nach der Operation , bei den Spondylodese-Patienten 9 Monate nach der Operation ueberprueft . Die Analyse der Daten von 78 Nucleotomie- und 132 Spondylodese-Patienten erbrachte keine signifikanten Korrelationen zwischen der praeoperativ gemessenen Depressivitaet und den Kriterien des Operationserfolges bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten . Bei den Spondylodese Patienten dagegen wurden signifikante negative Korrelationen zwischen praeoperativer Depressivitaet und den subjektiven Parametern des Erfolges gefunden . Postoperativ waren bei beiden Patientengruppen ausgepraegte Zusammenhaenge zwischen Depressivitaet und fast allen Erfolgskriterien zu verzeichnen . Aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten mit klinisch relevanten Depressivitaetswerten war ein signifikant groesserer Anteil erfolglos operiert worden als aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten ohne klinisch relevante Depressivitaetswerte . Die Ergebnisse legen nahe , dass sich das depressive Zustandsbild der Patienten als Reaktion auf einen unguenstigen Operationserfolg entwickelt bzw. verschlimmert . Die Notwendigkeit , fuer Patienten mit unguenstigem Operationserfolg psychologische Beratung oder Behandlung und physiotherapeutische Massnahmen zu kombinieren , wird diskutiert . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Depressivitaet und Operationserfolg von Patienten mit lumbalen Nucleotomien und Spondylodesen . Es werden 2 Hypothesen ueberprueft : 1. Praeoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und stellt einen Risikofaktor fuer die Chronifizierung dar praediktives Konzept ) . ( 2. Postoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und ist als Reaktion auf eine unguenstig verlaufene Operation zu werten ( reaktives Konzept ) . Bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten wurde der Operationserfolg 6 Monate nach der Operation , bei den Spondylodese-Patienten 9 Monate nach der Operation ueberprueft . Die Analyse der Daten von 78 Nucleotomie- und 132 Spondylodese-Patienten erbrachte keine signifikanten Korrelationen zwischen der praeoperativ gemessenen Depressivitaet und den Kriterien des Operationserfolges bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten . Bei den Spondylodese Patienten dagegen wurden signifikante negative Korrelationen zwischen praeoperativer Depressivitaet und den subjektiven Parametern des Erfolges gefunden . Postoperativ waren bei beiden Patientengruppen ausgepraegte Zusammenhaenge zwischen Depressivitaet und fast allen Erfolgskriterien zu verzeichnen . Aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten mit klinisch relevanten Depressivitaetswerten war ein signifikant groesserer Anteil erfolglos operiert worden als aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten ohne klinisch relevante Depressivitaetswerte . Die Ergebnisse legen nahe , dass sich das depressive Zustandsbild der Patienten als Reaktion auf einen unguenstigen Operationserfolg entwickelt bzw. verschlimmert . Die Notwendigkeit , fuer Patienten mit unguenstigem Operationserfolg psychologische Beratung oder Behandlung und physiotherapeutische Massnahmen zu kombinieren , wird diskutiert .	[ "Die", "vorliegende", "Studie", "untersucht", "den", "Zusammenhang", "zwischen", "Depressivitaet", "und", "Operationserfolg", "von", "Patienten", "mit", "lumbalen", "Nucleotomien", "und", "Spondylodesen", ".", "Es", "werden", "2", "Hypothesen", "ueberprueft", ":", "1", ".", "Praeoperativ", "gemessene", "Depressivitaet", "steht", "mit", "dem", "Operationserfolg", "in", "Zusammenhang", "und", "stellt", "einen", "Risikofaktor", "fuer", "die", "Chronifizierung", "dar", "praediktives", "Konzept", ")", ".", "(", "2", ".", "Postoperativ", "gemessene", "Depressivitaet", "steht", "mit", "dem", "Operationserfolg", "in", "Zusammenhang", "und", "ist", "als", "Reaktion", "auf", "eine", "unguenstig", "verlaufene", "Operation", "zu", "werten", "(", "reaktives", "Konzept", ")", ".", "Bei", "den", "Nucleotomie", "-", "Patienten", "wurde", "der", "Operationserfolg", "6", "Monate", "nach", "der", "Operation", ",", "bei", "den", "Spondylodese", "-", "Patienten", "9", "Monate", "nach", "der", "Operation", "ueberprueft", ".", "Die", "Analyse", "der", "Daten", "von", "78", "Nucleotomie-", "und", "132", "Spondylodese", "-", "Patienten", "erbrachte", "keine", "signifikanten", "Korrelationen", "zwischen", "der", "praeoperativ", "gemessenen", "Depressivitaet", "und", "den", "Kriterien", "des", "Operationserfolges", "bei", "den", "Nucleotomie", "-", "Patienten", ".", "Bei", "den", "Spondylodese", "Patienten", "dagegen", "wurden", "signifikante", "negative", "Korrelationen", "zwischen", "praeoperativer", "Depressivitaet", "und", "den", "subjektiven", "Parametern", "des", "Erfolges", "gefunden", ".", "Postoperativ", "waren", "bei", "beiden", "Patientengruppen", "ausgepraegte", "Zusammenhaenge", "zwischen", "Depressivitaet", "und", "fast", "allen", "Erfolgskriterien", "zu", "verzeichnen", ".", "Aus", "der", "Teilstichprobe", "der", "Patienten", "mit", "klinisch", "relevanten", "Depressivitaetswerten", "war", "ein", "signifikant", "groesserer", "Anteil", "erfolglos", "operiert", "worden", "als", "aus", "der", "Teilstichprobe", "der", "Patienten", "ohne", "klinisch", "relevante", "Depressivitaetswerte", ".", "Die", "Ergebnisse", "legen", "nahe", ",", "dass", "sich", "das", "depressive", "Zustandsbild", "der", "Patienten", "als", "Reaktion", "auf", "einen", "unguenstigen", "Operationserfolg", "entwickelt", "bzw", ".", "verschlimmert", ".", "Die", "Notwendigkeit", ",", "fuer", "Patienten", "mit", "unguenstigem", "Operationserfolg", "psychologische", "Beratung", "oder", "Behandlung", "und", "physiotherapeutische", "Massnahmen", "zu", "kombinieren", ",", "wird", "diskutiert", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
sulfonate is a compound, peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor alpha is a protein	DS.d1240_task0	Sentence: Immunotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate and the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O" ]	Immunotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate and the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha.	[ "Immunotoxicity", "of", "perfluorooctanoic", "acid", "and", "perfluorooctane", "sulfonate", "and", "the", "role", "of", "peroxisome", "proliferator", "-", "activated", "receptor", "alpha", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
sulfonate is a compound, peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor alpha is a protein	DS.d1240_task1	Sentence: Immunotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate and the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: sulfonate, peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor alpha Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O" ]	Immunotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate and the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha.	[ "Immunotoxicity", "of", "perfluorooctanoic", "acid", "and", "perfluorooctane", "sulfonate", "and", "the", "role", "of", "peroxisome", "proliferator", "-", "activated", "receptor", "alpha", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
sulfonate, peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor alpha	DS.d1240_task2	Sentence: Immunotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate and the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O" ]	Immunotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate and the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha.	[ "Immunotoxicity", "of", "perfluorooctanoic", "acid", "and", "perfluorooctane", "sulfonate", "and", "the", "role", "of", "peroxisome", "proliferator", "-", "activated", "receptor", "alpha", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
Coagulation factor concentrate is a Intervention_Pharmacological, haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure is a Participant_Condition, clotting factor concentrate infusions is a Intervention_Pharmacological, concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, died is a Outcome_Mortality, major bleeding is a Outcome_Physical, survived . is a Outcome_Mortality, intravascular coagulation is a Outcome_Physical, factor VIII levels is a Outcome_Physical, prothrombin ratio is a Outcome_Physical, factor II is a Outcome_Physical, factors IX and X is a Outcome_Physical, factor IX is a Outcome_Physical	77787_task0	Sentence: Coagulation factor concentrate in the treatment of the haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure . To assess the value of clotting factor concentrate infusions in fulminant hepatic failure , a controlled trial was performed in which nine patients were randomly allocated to treatment with either concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin . The five patients receiving concentrate alone all died , with major bleeding as the direct cause of death in three , whereas in the four receiving heparin as well there was only one instance of bleeding and one patient survived . Clinical evidence of intravascular coagulation appeared in two patients treated with concentrate alone and the laboratory evidence of this progressed during the period of infusions in all patients in both treatment groups , although to a lesser extent in those receiving heparin . Additional evidence for intravascular coagulation came from the changes observed in factor VIII levels which , although initially high in all patients , fell subsequently , particularly in those given concentrate alone . There was some improvement in the prothrombin ratio in both groups of patients but not complete correction , and serial assays of clotting factors showed that although factor II rose to high levels during treatment , factors IX and X showed little response . Thus , the use of concentrate of factor IX in this trial , as well as potentiating intravascular coagulation , was inadequate as replacement for the clotting factor deficiencies . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Mortality	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Coagulation factor concentrate in the treatment of the haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure . To assess the value of clotting factor concentrate infusions in fulminant hepatic failure , a controlled trial was performed in which nine patients were randomly allocated to treatment with either concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin . The five patients receiving concentrate alone all died , with major bleeding as the direct cause of death in three , whereas in the four receiving heparin as well there was only one instance of bleeding and one patient survived . Clinical evidence of intravascular coagulation appeared in two patients treated with concentrate alone and the laboratory evidence of this progressed during the period of infusions in all patients in both treatment groups , although to a lesser extent in those receiving heparin . Additional evidence for intravascular coagulation came from the changes observed in factor VIII levels which , although initially high in all patients , fell subsequently , particularly in those given concentrate alone . There was some improvement in the prothrombin ratio in both groups of patients but not complete correction , and serial assays of clotting factors showed that although factor II rose to high levels during treatment , factors IX and X showed little response . Thus , the use of concentrate of factor IX in this trial , as well as potentiating intravascular coagulation , was inadequate as replacement for the clotting factor deficiencies .	[ "Coagulation", "factor", "concentrate", "in", "the", "treatment", "of", "the", "haemorrhagic", "diathesis", "of", "fulminant", "hepatic", "failure", ".", "To", "assess", "the", "value", "of", "clotting", "factor", "concentrate", "infusions", "in", "fulminant", "hepatic", "failure", ",", "a", "controlled", "trial", "was", "performed", "in", "which", "nine", "patients", "were", "randomly", "allocated", "to", "treatment", "with", "either", "concentrate", "alone", "or", "concentrate", "plus", "heparin", ".", "The", "five", "patients", "receiving", "concentrate", "alone", "all", "died", ",", "with", "major", "bleeding", "as", "the", "direct", "cause", "of", "death", "in", "three", ",", "whereas", "in", "the", "four", "receiving", "heparin", "as", "well", "there", "was", "only", "one", "instance", "of", "bleeding", "and", "one", "patient", "survived", ".", "Clinical", "evidence", "of", "intravascular", "coagulation", "appeared", "in", "two", "patients", "treated", "with", "concentrate", "alone", "and", "the", "laboratory", "evidence", "of", "this", "progressed", "during", "the", "period", "of", "infusions", "in", "all", "patients", "in", "both", "treatment", "groups", ",", "although", "to", "a", "lesser", "extent", "in", "those", "receiving", "heparin", ".", "Additional", "evidence", "for", "intravascular", "coagulation", "came", "from", "the", "changes", "observed", "in", "factor", "VIII", "levels", "which", ",", "although", "initially", "high", "in", "all", "patients", ",", "fell", "subsequently", ",", "particularly", "in", "those", "given", "concentrate", "alone", ".", "There", "was", "some", "improvement", "in", "the", "prothrombin", "ratio", "in", "both", "groups", "of", "patients", "but", "not", "complete", "correction", ",", "and", "serial", "assays", "of", "clotting", "factors", "showed", "that", "although", "factor", "II", "rose", "to", "high", "levels", "during", "treatment", ",", "factors", "IX", "and", "X", "showed", "little", "response", ".", "Thus", ",", "the", "use", "of", "concentrate", "of", "factor", "IX", "in", "this", "trial", ",", "as", "well", "as", "potentiating", "intravascular", "coagulation", ",", "was", "inadequate", "as", "replacement", "for", "the", "clotting", "factor", "deficiencies", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Mortality" ]
Coagulation factor concentrate is a Intervention_Pharmacological, haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure is a Participant_Condition, clotting factor concentrate infusions is a Intervention_Pharmacological, concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, died is a Outcome_Mortality, major bleeding is a Outcome_Physical, survived . is a Outcome_Mortality, intravascular coagulation is a Outcome_Physical, factor VIII levels is a Outcome_Physical, prothrombin ratio is a Outcome_Physical, factor II is a Outcome_Physical, factors IX and X is a Outcome_Physical, factor IX is a Outcome_Physical	77787_task1	Sentence: Coagulation factor concentrate in the treatment of the haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure . To assess the value of clotting factor concentrate infusions in fulminant hepatic failure , a controlled trial was performed in which nine patients were randomly allocated to treatment with either concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin . The five patients receiving concentrate alone all died , with major bleeding as the direct cause of death in three , whereas in the four receiving heparin as well there was only one instance of bleeding and one patient survived . Clinical evidence of intravascular coagulation appeared in two patients treated with concentrate alone and the laboratory evidence of this progressed during the period of infusions in all patients in both treatment groups , although to a lesser extent in those receiving heparin . Additional evidence for intravascular coagulation came from the changes observed in factor VIII levels which , although initially high in all patients , fell subsequently , particularly in those given concentrate alone . There was some improvement in the prothrombin ratio in both groups of patients but not complete correction , and serial assays of clotting factors showed that although factor II rose to high levels during treatment , factors IX and X showed little response . Thus , the use of concentrate of factor IX in this trial , as well as potentiating intravascular coagulation , was inadequate as replacement for the clotting factor deficiencies . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Coagulation factor concentrate, haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure, clotting factor concentrate infusions, concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin, died, major bleeding, survived ., intravascular coagulation, factor VIII levels, prothrombin ratio, factor II, factors IX and X, factor IX Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Mortality	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Coagulation factor concentrate in the treatment of the haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure . To assess the value of clotting factor concentrate infusions in fulminant hepatic failure , a controlled trial was performed in which nine patients were randomly allocated to treatment with either concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin . The five patients receiving concentrate alone all died , with major bleeding as the direct cause of death in three , whereas in the four receiving heparin as well there was only one instance of bleeding and one patient survived . Clinical evidence of intravascular coagulation appeared in two patients treated with concentrate alone and the laboratory evidence of this progressed during the period of infusions in all patients in both treatment groups , although to a lesser extent in those receiving heparin . Additional evidence for intravascular coagulation came from the changes observed in factor VIII levels which , although initially high in all patients , fell subsequently , particularly in those given concentrate alone . There was some improvement in the prothrombin ratio in both groups of patients but not complete correction , and serial assays of clotting factors showed that although factor II rose to high levels during treatment , factors IX and X showed little response . Thus , the use of concentrate of factor IX in this trial , as well as potentiating intravascular coagulation , was inadequate as replacement for the clotting factor deficiencies .	[ "Coagulation", "factor", "concentrate", "in", "the", "treatment", "of", "the", "haemorrhagic", "diathesis", "of", "fulminant", "hepatic", "failure", ".", "To", "assess", "the", "value", "of", "clotting", "factor", "concentrate", "infusions", "in", "fulminant", "hepatic", "failure", ",", "a", "controlled", "trial", "was", "performed", "in", "which", "nine", "patients", "were", "randomly", "allocated", "to", "treatment", "with", "either", "concentrate", "alone", "or", "concentrate", "plus", "heparin", ".", "The", "five", "patients", "receiving", "concentrate", "alone", "all", "died", ",", "with", "major", "bleeding", "as", "the", "direct", "cause", "of", "death", "in", "three", ",", "whereas", "in", "the", "four", "receiving", "heparin", "as", "well", "there", "was", "only", "one", "instance", "of", "bleeding", "and", "one", "patient", "survived", ".", "Clinical", "evidence", "of", "intravascular", "coagulation", "appeared", "in", "two", "patients", "treated", "with", "concentrate", "alone", "and", "the", "laboratory", "evidence", "of", "this", "progressed", "during", "the", "period", "of", "infusions", "in", "all", "patients", "in", "both", "treatment", "groups", ",", "although", "to", "a", "lesser", "extent", "in", "those", "receiving", "heparin", ".", "Additional", "evidence", "for", "intravascular", "coagulation", "came", "from", "the", "changes", "observed", "in", "factor", "VIII", "levels", "which", ",", "although", "initially", "high", "in", "all", "patients", ",", "fell", "subsequently", ",", "particularly", "in", "those", "given", "concentrate", "alone", ".", "There", "was", "some", "improvement", "in", "the", "prothrombin", "ratio", "in", "both", "groups", "of", "patients", "but", "not", "complete", "correction", ",", "and", "serial", "assays", "of", "clotting", "factors", "showed", "that", "although", "factor", "II", "rose", "to", "high", "levels", "during", "treatment", ",", "factors", "IX", "and", "X", "showed", "little", "response", ".", "Thus", ",", "the", "use", "of", "concentrate", "of", "factor", "IX", "in", "this", "trial", ",", "as", "well", "as", "potentiating", "intravascular", "coagulation", ",", "was", "inadequate", "as", "replacement", "for", "the", "clotting", "factor", "deficiencies", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Mortality" ]
Coagulation factor concentrate, haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure, clotting factor concentrate infusions, concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin, died, major bleeding, survived ., intravascular coagulation, factor VIII levels, prothrombin ratio, factor II, factors IX and X, factor IX	77787_task2	Sentence: Coagulation factor concentrate in the treatment of the haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure . To assess the value of clotting factor concentrate infusions in fulminant hepatic failure , a controlled trial was performed in which nine patients were randomly allocated to treatment with either concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin . The five patients receiving concentrate alone all died , with major bleeding as the direct cause of death in three , whereas in the four receiving heparin as well there was only one instance of bleeding and one patient survived . Clinical evidence of intravascular coagulation appeared in two patients treated with concentrate alone and the laboratory evidence of this progressed during the period of infusions in all patients in both treatment groups , although to a lesser extent in those receiving heparin . Additional evidence for intravascular coagulation came from the changes observed in factor VIII levels which , although initially high in all patients , fell subsequently , particularly in those given concentrate alone . There was some improvement in the prothrombin ratio in both groups of patients but not complete correction , and serial assays of clotting factors showed that although factor II rose to high levels during treatment , factors IX and X showed little response . Thus , the use of concentrate of factor IX in this trial , as well as potentiating intravascular coagulation , was inadequate as replacement for the clotting factor deficiencies . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Coagulation factor concentrate in the treatment of the haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure . To assess the value of clotting factor concentrate infusions in fulminant hepatic failure , a controlled trial was performed in which nine patients were randomly allocated to treatment with either concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin . The five patients receiving concentrate alone all died , with major bleeding as the direct cause of death in three , whereas in the four receiving heparin as well there was only one instance of bleeding and one patient survived . Clinical evidence of intravascular coagulation appeared in two patients treated with concentrate alone and the laboratory evidence of this progressed during the period of infusions in all patients in both treatment groups , although to a lesser extent in those receiving heparin . Additional evidence for intravascular coagulation came from the changes observed in factor VIII levels which , although initially high in all patients , fell subsequently , particularly in those given concentrate alone . There was some improvement in the prothrombin ratio in both groups of patients but not complete correction , and serial assays of clotting factors showed that although factor II rose to high levels during treatment , factors IX and X showed little response . Thus , the use of concentrate of factor IX in this trial , as well as potentiating intravascular coagulation , was inadequate as replacement for the clotting factor deficiencies .	[ "Coagulation", "factor", "concentrate", "in", "the", "treatment", "of", "the", "haemorrhagic", "diathesis", "of", "fulminant", "hepatic", "failure", ".", "To", "assess", "the", "value", "of", "clotting", "factor", "concentrate", "infusions", "in", "fulminant", "hepatic", "failure", ",", "a", "controlled", "trial", "was", "performed", "in", "which", "nine", "patients", "were", "randomly", "allocated", "to", "treatment", "with", "either", "concentrate", "alone", "or", "concentrate", "plus", "heparin", ".", "The", "five", "patients", "receiving", "concentrate", "alone", "all", "died", ",", "with", "major", "bleeding", "as", "the", "direct", "cause", "of", "death", "in", "three", ",", "whereas", "in", "the", "four", "receiving", "heparin", "as", "well", "there", "was", "only", "one", "instance", "of", "bleeding", "and", "one", "patient", "survived", ".", "Clinical", "evidence", "of", "intravascular", "coagulation", "appeared", "in", "two", "patients", "treated", "with", "concentrate", "alone", "and", "the", "laboratory", "evidence", "of", "this", "progressed", "during", "the", "period", "of", "infusions", "in", "all", "patients", "in", "both", "treatment", "groups", ",", "although", "to", "a", "lesser", "extent", "in", "those", "receiving", "heparin", ".", "Additional", "evidence", "for", "intravascular", "coagulation", "came", "from", "the", "changes", "observed", "in", "factor", "VIII", "levels", "which", ",", "although", "initially", "high", "in", "all", "patients", ",", "fell", "subsequently", ",", "particularly", "in", "those", "given", "concentrate", "alone", ".", "There", "was", "some", "improvement", "in", "the", "prothrombin", "ratio", "in", "both", "groups", "of", "patients", "but", "not", "complete", "correction", ",", "and", "serial", "assays", "of", "clotting", "factors", "showed", "that", "although", "factor", "II", "rose", "to", "high", "levels", "during", "treatment", ",", "factors", "IX", "and", "X", "showed", "little", "response", ".", "Thus", ",", "the", "use", "of", "concentrate", "of", "factor", "IX", "in", "this", "trial", ",", "as", "well", "as", "potentiating", "intravascular", "coagulation", ",", "was", "inadequate", "as", "replacement", "for", "the", "clotting", "factor", "deficiencies", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Mortality" ]
teniposide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, with whole - brain radiotherapy is a Intervention_Physical, patients with small - cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) is a Participant_Condition, Whole - brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ) is a Intervention_Physical, chemotherapy is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Teniposide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, clinically is a Outcome_Other, computed tomography of the brain is a Outcome_Other, One hundred twenty eligible patients is a Participant_Condition, response rate is a Outcome_Other, teniposide - alone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Time to progression is a Outcome_Physical, in the brain is a Outcome_Other, longer is a Outcome_Other, Clinical response is a Outcome_Other, median survival time is a Outcome_Mortality, Survival is a Outcome_Mortality	4519_task0	Sentence: Treatment of brain metastases of small-cell lung cancer : comparing teniposide and teniposide with whole-brain radiotherapy -- a phase III study of the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Lung Cancer Cooperative Group . PURPOSE Approximately 60 % of patients with small-cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) develop brain metastases . Whole-brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ) gives symptomatic improvement in more than 50 % of these patients . Because brain metastases are a sign of systemic progression , and chemotherapy was found to be effective as well , it becomes questionable whether WBRT is the only appropriate therapy in this situation . PATIENTS AND METHODS In a phase III study , SCLC patients with brain metastases were randomized to receive teniposide with or without WBRT . Teniposide 120 mg/m ( 2 ) was given intravenously three times a week , every 3 weeks . WBRT ( 10 fractions of 3 Gy ) had to start within 3 weeks from the start of chemotherapy . Response was measured clinically and by computed tomography of the brain . RESULTS One hundred twenty eligible patients were randomized . A 57 % response rate was seen in the combined-modality arm ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 43 % to 69 % ) , and a 22 % response rate was seen in the teniposide-alone arm ( 95 % CI , 12 % to 34 % ) ( P < .001 ) . Time to progression in the brain was longer in the combined-modality group ( P=.005 ) . Clinical response and response outside the brain were not different . The median survival time was 3.5 months in the combined-modality arm and 3.2 months in the teniposide-alone arm . Overall survival in both groups was not different ( P=.087 ) . CONCLUSION Adding WBRT to teniposide results in a much higher response rate of brain metastases and in a longer time to progression of brain metastases than teniposide alone . Survival was poor in both groups and not significantly different . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Mortality, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Treatment of brain metastases of small-cell lung cancer : comparing teniposide and teniposide with whole-brain radiotherapy -- a phase III study of the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Lung Cancer Cooperative Group . PURPOSE Approximately 60 % of patients with small-cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) develop brain metastases . Whole-brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ) gives symptomatic improvement in more than 50 % of these patients . Because brain metastases are a sign of systemic progression , and chemotherapy was found to be effective as well , it becomes questionable whether WBRT is the only appropriate therapy in this situation . PATIENTS AND METHODS In a phase III study , SCLC patients with brain metastases were randomized to receive teniposide with or without WBRT . Teniposide 120 mg/m ( 2 ) was given intravenously three times a week , every 3 weeks . WBRT ( 10 fractions of 3 Gy ) had to start within 3 weeks from the start of chemotherapy . Response was measured clinically and by computed tomography of the brain . RESULTS One hundred twenty eligible patients were randomized . A 57 % response rate was seen in the combined-modality arm ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 43 % to 69 % ) , and a 22 % response rate was seen in the teniposide-alone arm ( 95 % CI , 12 % to 34 % ) ( P < .001 ) . Time to progression in the brain was longer in the combined-modality group ( P=.005 ) . Clinical response and response outside the brain were not different . The median survival time was 3.5 months in the combined-modality arm and 3.2 months in the teniposide-alone arm . Overall survival in both groups was not different ( P=.087 ) . CONCLUSION Adding WBRT to teniposide results in a much higher response rate of brain metastases and in a longer time to progression of brain metastases than teniposide alone . Survival was poor in both groups and not significantly different .	[ "Treatment", "of", "brain", "metastases", "of", "small", "-", "cell", "lung", "cancer", ":", "comparing", "teniposide", "and", "teniposide", "with", "whole", "-", "brain", "radiotherapy", "--", "a", "phase", "III", "study", "of", "the", "European", "Organization", "for", "the", "Research", "and", "Treatment", "of", "Cancer", "Lung", "Cancer", "Cooperative", "Group", ".", "PURPOSE", "Approximately", "60", "%", "of", "patients", "with", "small", "-", "cell", "lung", "cancer", "(", "SCLC", ")", "develop", "brain", "metastases", ".", "Whole", "-", "brain", "radiotherapy", "(", "WBRT", ")", "gives", "symptomatic", "improvement", "in", "more", "than", "50", "%", "of", "these", "patients", ".", "Because", "brain", "metastases", "are", "a", "sign", "of", "systemic", "progression", ",", "and", "chemotherapy", "was", "found", "to", "be", "effective", "as", "well", ",", "it", "becomes", "questionable", "whether", "WBRT", "is", "the", "only", "appropriate", "therapy", "in", "this", "situation", ".", "PATIENTS", "AND", "METHODS", "In", "a", "phase", "III", "study", ",", "SCLC", "patients", "with", "brain", "metastases", "were", "randomized", "to", "receive", "teniposide", "with", "or", "without", "WBRT", ".", "Teniposide", "120", "mg", "/", "m", "(", "2", ")", "was", "given", "intravenously", "three", "times", "a", "week", ",", "every", "3", "weeks", ".", "WBRT", "(", "10", "fractions", "of", "3", "Gy", ")", "had", "to", "start", "within", "3", "weeks", "from", "the", "start", "of", "chemotherapy", ".", "Response", "was", "measured", "clinically", "and", "by", "computed", "tomography", "of", "the", "brain", ".", "RESULTS", "One", "hundred", "twenty", "eligible", "patients", "were", "randomized", ".", "A", "57", "%", "response", "rate", "was", "seen", "in", "the", "combined", "-", "modality", "arm", "(", "95", "%", "confidence", "interval", "[", "CI", "]", ",", "43", "%", "to", "69", "%", ")", ",", "and", "a", "22", "%", "response", "rate", "was", "seen", "in", "the", "teniposide", "-", "alone", "arm", "(", "95", "%", "CI", ",", "12", "%", "to", "34", "%", ")", "(", "P", "<", ".001", ")", ".", "Time", "to", "progression", "in", "the", "brain", "was", "longer", "in", "the", "combined", "-", "modality", "group", "(", "P=.005", ")", ".", "Clinical", "response", "and", "response", "outside", "the", "brain", "were", "not", "different", ".", "The", "median", "survival", "time", "was", "3.5", "months", "in", "the", "combined", "-", "modality", "arm", "and", "3.2", "months", "in", "the", "teniposide", "-", "alone", "arm", ".", "Overall", "survival", "in", "both", "groups", "was", "not", "different", "(", "P=.087", ")", ".", "CONCLUSION", "Adding", "WBRT", "to", "teniposide", "results", "in", "a", "much", "higher", "response", "rate", "of", "brain", "metastases", "and", "in", "a", "longer", "time", "to", "progression", "of", "brain", "metastases", "than", "teniposide", "alone", ".", "Survival", "was", "poor", "in", "both", "groups", "and", "not", "significantly", "different", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Mortality", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]
teniposide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, with whole - brain radiotherapy is a Intervention_Physical, patients with small - cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) is a Participant_Condition, Whole - brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ) is a Intervention_Physical, chemotherapy is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Teniposide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, clinically is a Outcome_Other, computed tomography of the brain is a Outcome_Other, One hundred twenty eligible patients is a Participant_Condition, response rate is a Outcome_Other, teniposide - alone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Time to progression is a Outcome_Physical, in the brain is a Outcome_Other, longer is a Outcome_Other, Clinical response is a Outcome_Other, median survival time is a Outcome_Mortality, Survival is a Outcome_Mortality	4519_task1	Sentence: Treatment of brain metastases of small-cell lung cancer : comparing teniposide and teniposide with whole-brain radiotherapy -- a phase III study of the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Lung Cancer Cooperative Group . PURPOSE Approximately 60 % of patients with small-cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) develop brain metastases . Whole-brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ) gives symptomatic improvement in more than 50 % of these patients . Because brain metastases are a sign of systemic progression , and chemotherapy was found to be effective as well , it becomes questionable whether WBRT is the only appropriate therapy in this situation . PATIENTS AND METHODS In a phase III study , SCLC patients with brain metastases were randomized to receive teniposide with or without WBRT . Teniposide 120 mg/m ( 2 ) was given intravenously three times a week , every 3 weeks . WBRT ( 10 fractions of 3 Gy ) had to start within 3 weeks from the start of chemotherapy . Response was measured clinically and by computed tomography of the brain . RESULTS One hundred twenty eligible patients were randomized . A 57 % response rate was seen in the combined-modality arm ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 43 % to 69 % ) , and a 22 % response rate was seen in the teniposide-alone arm ( 95 % CI , 12 % to 34 % ) ( P < .001 ) . Time to progression in the brain was longer in the combined-modality group ( P=.005 ) . Clinical response and response outside the brain were not different . The median survival time was 3.5 months in the combined-modality arm and 3.2 months in the teniposide-alone arm . Overall survival in both groups was not different ( P=.087 ) . CONCLUSION Adding WBRT to teniposide results in a much higher response rate of brain metastases and in a longer time to progression of brain metastases than teniposide alone . Survival was poor in both groups and not significantly different . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: teniposide, with whole - brain radiotherapy, patients with small - cell lung cancer ( SCLC ), Whole - brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ), chemotherapy, Teniposide, clinically, computed tomography of the brain, One hundred twenty eligible patients, response rate, teniposide - alone, Time to progression, in the brain, longer, Clinical response, median survival time, Survival Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Mortality, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Treatment of brain metastases of small-cell lung cancer : comparing teniposide and teniposide with whole-brain radiotherapy -- a phase III study of the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Lung Cancer Cooperative Group . PURPOSE Approximately 60 % of patients with small-cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) develop brain metastases . Whole-brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ) gives symptomatic improvement in more than 50 % of these patients . Because brain metastases are a sign of systemic progression , and chemotherapy was found to be effective as well , it becomes questionable whether WBRT is the only appropriate therapy in this situation . PATIENTS AND METHODS In a phase III study , SCLC patients with brain metastases were randomized to receive teniposide with or without WBRT . Teniposide 120 mg/m ( 2 ) was given intravenously three times a week , every 3 weeks . WBRT ( 10 fractions of 3 Gy ) had to start within 3 weeks from the start of chemotherapy . Response was measured clinically and by computed tomography of the brain . RESULTS One hundred twenty eligible patients were randomized . A 57 % response rate was seen in the combined-modality arm ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 43 % to 69 % ) , and a 22 % response rate was seen in the teniposide-alone arm ( 95 % CI , 12 % to 34 % ) ( P < .001 ) . Time to progression in the brain was longer in the combined-modality group ( P=.005 ) . Clinical response and response outside the brain were not different . The median survival time was 3.5 months in the combined-modality arm and 3.2 months in the teniposide-alone arm . Overall survival in both groups was not different ( P=.087 ) . CONCLUSION Adding WBRT to teniposide results in a much higher response rate of brain metastases and in a longer time to progression of brain metastases than teniposide alone . Survival was poor in both groups and not significantly different .	[ "Treatment", "of", "brain", "metastases", "of", "small", "-", "cell", "lung", "cancer", ":", "comparing", "teniposide", "and", "teniposide", "with", "whole", "-", "brain", "radiotherapy", "--", "a", "phase", "III", "study", "of", "the", "European", "Organization", "for", "the", "Research", "and", "Treatment", "of", "Cancer", "Lung", "Cancer", "Cooperative", "Group", ".", "PURPOSE", "Approximately", "60", "%", "of", "patients", "with", "small", "-", "cell", "lung", "cancer", "(", "SCLC", ")", "develop", "brain", "metastases", ".", "Whole", "-", "brain", "radiotherapy", "(", "WBRT", ")", "gives", "symptomatic", "improvement", "in", "more", "than", "50", "%", "of", "these", "patients", ".", "Because", "brain", "metastases", "are", "a", "sign", "of", "systemic", "progression", ",", "and", "chemotherapy", "was", "found", "to", "be", "effective", "as", "well", ",", "it", "becomes", "questionable", "whether", "WBRT", "is", "the", "only", "appropriate", "therapy", "in", "this", "situation", ".", "PATIENTS", "AND", "METHODS", "In", "a", "phase", "III", "study", ",", "SCLC", "patients", "with", "brain", "metastases", "were", "randomized", "to", "receive", "teniposide", "with", "or", "without", "WBRT", ".", "Teniposide", "120", "mg", "/", "m", "(", "2", ")", "was", "given", "intravenously", "three", "times", "a", "week", ",", "every", "3", "weeks", ".", "WBRT", "(", "10", "fractions", "of", "3", "Gy", ")", "had", "to", "start", "within", "3", "weeks", "from", "the", "start", "of", "chemotherapy", ".", "Response", "was", "measured", "clinically", "and", "by", "computed", "tomography", "of", "the", "brain", ".", "RESULTS", "One", "hundred", "twenty", "eligible", "patients", "were", "randomized", ".", "A", "57", "%", "response", "rate", "was", "seen", "in", "the", "combined", "-", "modality", "arm", "(", "95", "%", "confidence", "interval", "[", "CI", "]", ",", "43", "%", "to", "69", "%", ")", ",", "and", "a", "22", "%", "response", "rate", "was", "seen", "in", "the", "teniposide", "-", "alone", "arm", "(", "95", "%", "CI", ",", "12", "%", "to", "34", "%", ")", "(", "P", "<", ".001", ")", ".", "Time", "to", "progression", "in", "the", "brain", "was", "longer", "in", "the", "combined", "-", "modality", "group", "(", "P=.005", ")", ".", "Clinical", "response", "and", "response", "outside", "the", "brain", "were", "not", "different", ".", "The", "median", "survival", "time", "was", "3.5", "months", "in", "the", "combined", "-", "modality", "arm", "and", "3.2", "months", "in", "the", "teniposide", "-", "alone", "arm", ".", "Overall", "survival", "in", "both", "groups", "was", "not", "different", "(", "P=.087", ")", ".", "CONCLUSION", "Adding", "WBRT", "to", "teniposide", "results", "in", "a", "much", "higher", "response", "rate", "of", "brain", "metastases", "and", "in", "a", "longer", "time", "to", "progression", "of", "brain", "metastases", "than", "teniposide", "alone", ".", "Survival", "was", "poor", "in", "both", "groups", "and", "not", "significantly", "different", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Mortality", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]
teniposide, with whole - brain radiotherapy, patients with small - cell lung cancer ( SCLC ), Whole - brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ), chemotherapy, Teniposide, clinically, computed tomography of the brain, One hundred twenty eligible patients, response rate, teniposide - alone, Time to progression, in the brain, longer, Clinical response, median survival time, Survival	4519_task2	Sentence: Treatment of brain metastases of small-cell lung cancer : comparing teniposide and teniposide with whole-brain radiotherapy -- a phase III study of the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Lung Cancer Cooperative Group . PURPOSE Approximately 60 % of patients with small-cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) develop brain metastases . Whole-brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ) gives symptomatic improvement in more than 50 % of these patients . Because brain metastases are a sign of systemic progression , and chemotherapy was found to be effective as well , it becomes questionable whether WBRT is the only appropriate therapy in this situation . PATIENTS AND METHODS In a phase III study , SCLC patients with brain metastases were randomized to receive teniposide with or without WBRT . Teniposide 120 mg/m ( 2 ) was given intravenously three times a week , every 3 weeks . WBRT ( 10 fractions of 3 Gy ) had to start within 3 weeks from the start of chemotherapy . Response was measured clinically and by computed tomography of the brain . RESULTS One hundred twenty eligible patients were randomized . A 57 % response rate was seen in the combined-modality arm ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 43 % to 69 % ) , and a 22 % response rate was seen in the teniposide-alone arm ( 95 % CI , 12 % to 34 % ) ( P < .001 ) . Time to progression in the brain was longer in the combined-modality group ( P=.005 ) . Clinical response and response outside the brain were not different . The median survival time was 3.5 months in the combined-modality arm and 3.2 months in the teniposide-alone arm . Overall survival in both groups was not different ( P=.087 ) . CONCLUSION Adding WBRT to teniposide results in a much higher response rate of brain metastases and in a longer time to progression of brain metastases than teniposide alone . Survival was poor in both groups and not significantly different . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Treatment of brain metastases of small-cell lung cancer : comparing teniposide and teniposide with whole-brain radiotherapy -- a phase III study of the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Lung Cancer Cooperative Group . PURPOSE Approximately 60 % of patients with small-cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) develop brain metastases . Whole-brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ) gives symptomatic improvement in more than 50 % of these patients . Because brain metastases are a sign of systemic progression , and chemotherapy was found to be effective as well , it becomes questionable whether WBRT is the only appropriate therapy in this situation . PATIENTS AND METHODS In a phase III study , SCLC patients with brain metastases were randomized to receive teniposide with or without WBRT . Teniposide 120 mg/m ( 2 ) was given intravenously three times a week , every 3 weeks . WBRT ( 10 fractions of 3 Gy ) had to start within 3 weeks from the start of chemotherapy . Response was measured clinically and by computed tomography of the brain . RESULTS One hundred twenty eligible patients were randomized . A 57 % response rate was seen in the combined-modality arm ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 43 % to 69 % ) , and a 22 % response rate was seen in the teniposide-alone arm ( 95 % CI , 12 % to 34 % ) ( P < .001 ) . Time to progression in the brain was longer in the combined-modality group ( P=.005 ) . Clinical response and response outside the brain were not different . The median survival time was 3.5 months in the combined-modality arm and 3.2 months in the teniposide-alone arm . Overall survival in both groups was not different ( P=.087 ) . CONCLUSION Adding WBRT to teniposide results in a much higher response rate of brain metastases and in a longer time to progression of brain metastases than teniposide alone . Survival was poor in both groups and not significantly different .	[ "Treatment", "of", "brain", "metastases", "of", "small", "-", "cell", "lung", "cancer", ":", "comparing", "teniposide", "and", "teniposide", "with", "whole", "-", "brain", "radiotherapy", "--", "a", "phase", "III", "study", "of", "the", "European", "Organization", "for", "the", "Research", "and", "Treatment", "of", "Cancer", "Lung", "Cancer", "Cooperative", "Group", ".", "PURPOSE", "Approximately", "60", "%", "of", "patients", "with", "small", "-", "cell", "lung", "cancer", "(", "SCLC", ")", "develop", "brain", "metastases", ".", "Whole", "-", "brain", "radiotherapy", "(", "WBRT", ")", "gives", "symptomatic", "improvement", "in", "more", "than", "50", "%", "of", "these", "patients", ".", "Because", "brain", "metastases", "are", "a", "sign", "of", "systemic", "progression", ",", "and", "chemotherapy", "was", "found", "to", "be", "effective", "as", "well", ",", "it", "becomes", "questionable", "whether", "WBRT", "is", "the", "only", "appropriate", "therapy", "in", "this", "situation", ".", "PATIENTS", "AND", "METHODS", "In", "a", "phase", "III", "study", ",", "SCLC", "patients", "with", "brain", "metastases", "were", "randomized", "to", "receive", "teniposide", "with", "or", "without", "WBRT", ".", "Teniposide", "120", "mg", "/", "m", "(", "2", ")", "was", "given", "intravenously", "three", "times", "a", "week", ",", "every", "3", "weeks", ".", "WBRT", "(", "10", "fractions", "of", "3", "Gy", ")", "had", "to", "start", "within", "3", "weeks", "from", "the", "start", "of", "chemotherapy", ".", "Response", "was", "measured", "clinically", "and", "by", "computed", "tomography", "of", "the", "brain", ".", "RESULTS", "One", "hundred", "twenty", "eligible", "patients", "were", "randomized", ".", "A", "57", "%", "response", "rate", "was", "seen", "in", "the", "combined", "-", "modality", "arm", "(", "95", "%", "confidence", "interval", "[", "CI", "]", ",", "43", "%", "to", "69", "%", ")", ",", "and", "a", "22", "%", "response", "rate", "was", "seen", "in", "the", "teniposide", "-", "alone", "arm", "(", "95", "%", "CI", ",", "12", "%", "to", "34", "%", ")", "(", "P", "<", ".001", ")", ".", "Time", "to", "progression", "in", "the", "brain", "was", "longer", "in", "the", "combined", "-", "modality", "group", "(", "P=.005", ")", ".", "Clinical", "response", "and", "response", "outside", "the", "brain", "were", "not", "different", ".", "The", "median", "survival", "time", "was", "3.5", "months", "in", "the", "combined", "-", "modality", "arm", "and", "3.2", "months", "in", "the", "teniposide", "-", "alone", "arm", ".", "Overall", "survival", "in", "both", "groups", "was", "not", "different", "(", "P=.087", ")", ".", "CONCLUSION", "Adding", "WBRT", "to", "teniposide", "results", "in", "a", "much", "higher", "response", "rate", "of", "brain", "metastases", "and", "in", "a", "longer", "time", "to", "progression", "of", "brain", "metastases", "than", "teniposide", "alone", ".", "Survival", "was", "poor", "in", "both", "groups", "and", "not", "significantly", "different", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Mortality", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]
UPRT is a protein, 5-fluorouracil is a compound, 5-FU is a compound, UPRT is a protein	DS.d525_task0	Sentence: Taking advantage of this prostate cancer-specific property of PSMA (E/P), we successfully introduced bacterial UPRT into LNCaP cells where the tumoricidal effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was significantly increased when compared with the cells without the exogenous UPRT. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O" ]	Taking advantage of this prostate cancer-specific property of PSMA (E/P), we successfully introduced bacterial UPRT into LNCaP cells where the tumoricidal effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was significantly increased when compared with the cells without the exogenous UPRT.	[ "Taking", "advantage", "of", "this", "prostate", "cancer", "-", "specific", "property", "of", "PSMA", "(", "E", "/", "P", ")", ",", "we", "successfully", "introduced", "bacterial", "UPRT", "into", "LNCaP", "cells", "where", "the", "tumoricidal", "effect", "of", "5-fluorouracil", "(", "5-FU", ")", "was", "significantly", "increased", "when", "compared", "with", "the", "cells", "without", "the", "exogenous", "UPRT", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
UPRT is a protein, 5-fluorouracil is a compound, 5-FU is a compound, UPRT is a protein	DS.d525_task1	Sentence: Taking advantage of this prostate cancer-specific property of PSMA (E/P), we successfully introduced bacterial UPRT into LNCaP cells where the tumoricidal effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was significantly increased when compared with the cells without the exogenous UPRT. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: UPRT, 5-fluorouracil, 5-FU, UPRT Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O" ]	Taking advantage of this prostate cancer-specific property of PSMA (E/P), we successfully introduced bacterial UPRT into LNCaP cells where the tumoricidal effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was significantly increased when compared with the cells without the exogenous UPRT.	[ "Taking", "advantage", "of", "this", "prostate", "cancer", "-", "specific", "property", "of", "PSMA", "(", "E", "/", "P", ")", ",", "we", "successfully", "introduced", "bacterial", "UPRT", "into", "LNCaP", "cells", "where", "the", "tumoricidal", "effect", "of", "5-fluorouracil", "(", "5-FU", ")", "was", "significantly", "increased", "when", "compared", "with", "the", "cells", "without", "the", "exogenous", "UPRT", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
UPRT, 5-fluorouracil, 5-FU, UPRT	DS.d525_task2	Sentence: Taking advantage of this prostate cancer-specific property of PSMA (E/P), we successfully introduced bacterial UPRT into LNCaP cells where the tumoricidal effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was significantly increased when compared with the cells without the exogenous UPRT. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O" ]	Taking advantage of this prostate cancer-specific property of PSMA (E/P), we successfully introduced bacterial UPRT into LNCaP cells where the tumoricidal effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was significantly increased when compared with the cells without the exogenous UPRT.	[ "Taking", "advantage", "of", "this", "prostate", "cancer", "-", "specific", "property", "of", "PSMA", "(", "E", "/", "P", ")", ",", "we", "successfully", "introduced", "bacterial", "UPRT", "into", "LNCaP", "cells", "where", "the", "tumoricidal", "effect", "of", "5-fluorouracil", "(", "5-FU", ")", "was", "significantly", "increased", "when", "compared", "with", "the", "cells", "without", "the", "exogenous", "UPRT", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
Operationsmethode is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen is an umlsterm, Wirbelsaeule is an umlsterm, Techniken is an umlsterm, Wirbelsaeule is an umlsterm, Wirbelsaeulenoperateure is an umlsterm, Technik is an umlsterm, Gelenkfortsatz is an umlsterm, Segmentalarterie is an umlsterm, Orientierung is an umlsterm, Beurteilung is an umlsterm	DerOrthopaede.90280693.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Die transpedikulaere Schraubenverankerung stellt eine weit verbreitete Operationsmethode bei der Behandlung von Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen oder Erkrankungen der Wirbelsaeule dar . Um herauszufinden , welche Techniken dabei angewendet werden , befragten wir innerhalb der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Wirbelsaeule der DGU 31 Wirbelsaeulenoperateure aus 13 Kliniken . Unsere Umfrage verdeutlicht , dass es keine einheitliche Technik der Pedikelinstrumentierung gibt . Etwa die Haelfte der Antworten zu jeder Frage waren uebereinstimmend und duerften damit die vorherrschende Meinung repraesentieren : Fuer die Lagerung werden meist herkoemmliche Kissen verwendet ( 22/31 ) . Bei der Weichteilpraeparation wird die Fascia thoracolumbalis ueberwiegend mit dem Skalpell inzidiert ( 21/31 ) , die seitlich an den Gelenkfortsatz ansetzende Muskulatur bewusst geschont ( 22/31 ) und der Truncus dorsospinalis der Segmentalarterie normalerweise nicht koaguliert ( 25/31 ) . Der Bildwandler wird entweder vor Operationsbeginn steril abgedeckt ( 15/31 ) oder waehrend der Operation hereingefahren ( 14/31 ) , die intraoperative Orientierung erfolgt koronar meist klinisch und sagittal roentgenologisch ( 15/31 ) . Die Kortikalis wird ueberwiegend mit einem Luer eroeffnet ( 22/31 ) , das transpedikulaere Bohrloch mit einem Spickdraht praepariert ( 11/31 ) und anschliessend mit dem Bildwandler kontrolliert ( 15/31 ) . Die Mehrzahl der befragten Operateure reagiert auf eine Perforation der medialen Pedikelwand mit der Bohrung eines korrigierten Schraubenkanals ( 13/31 ) , auf die Perforation der lateralen Pedikelwand mit einer Medialisierung beim Eindrehen ( 12/31 ) oder Belassen der Schraube bei festem Sitz ( 11/31 ) . Wenn Liquor aus dem Bohrloch austritt , reagiert wiederum die Haelfte durch Lateralisierung der Schraube oder eine weiter lateral angelegte Bohrung ( 16/31 ) . Bei fehlendem Verdacht einer Schraubenfehllage lehnen die meisten Chirurgen ein postoperatives CT ausschliesslich zur Beurteilung der Schraubenlage ab ( 21/31 ) . Die andere Haelfte der Antworten fiel ungleichmaessig aus . Vergleichende Untersuchungen , welche technischen Varianten bessere Ergebnisse liefern , gibt es aber bis jetzt nicht . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Die transpedikulaere Schraubenverankerung stellt eine weit verbreitete Operationsmethode bei der Behandlung von Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen oder Erkrankungen der Wirbelsaeule dar . Um herauszufinden , welche Techniken dabei angewendet werden , befragten wir innerhalb der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Wirbelsaeule der DGU 31 Wirbelsaeulenoperateure aus 13 Kliniken . Unsere Umfrage verdeutlicht , dass es keine einheitliche Technik der Pedikelinstrumentierung gibt . Etwa die Haelfte der Antworten zu jeder Frage waren uebereinstimmend und duerften damit die vorherrschende Meinung repraesentieren : Fuer die Lagerung werden meist herkoemmliche Kissen verwendet ( 22/31 ) . Bei der Weichteilpraeparation wird die Fascia thoracolumbalis ueberwiegend mit dem Skalpell inzidiert ( 21/31 ) , die seitlich an den Gelenkfortsatz ansetzende Muskulatur bewusst geschont ( 22/31 ) und der Truncus dorsospinalis der Segmentalarterie normalerweise nicht koaguliert ( 25/31 ) . Der Bildwandler wird entweder vor Operationsbeginn steril abgedeckt ( 15/31 ) oder waehrend der Operation hereingefahren ( 14/31 ) , die intraoperative Orientierung erfolgt koronar meist klinisch und sagittal roentgenologisch ( 15/31 ) . Die Kortikalis wird ueberwiegend mit einem Luer eroeffnet ( 22/31 ) , das transpedikulaere Bohrloch mit einem Spickdraht praepariert ( 11/31 ) und anschliessend mit dem Bildwandler kontrolliert ( 15/31 ) . Die Mehrzahl der befragten Operateure reagiert auf eine Perforation der medialen Pedikelwand mit der Bohrung eines korrigierten Schraubenkanals ( 13/31 ) , auf die Perforation der lateralen Pedikelwand mit einer Medialisierung beim Eindrehen ( 12/31 ) oder Belassen der Schraube bei festem Sitz ( 11/31 ) . Wenn Liquor aus dem Bohrloch austritt , reagiert wiederum die Haelfte durch Lateralisierung der Schraube oder eine weiter lateral angelegte Bohrung ( 16/31 ) . Bei fehlendem Verdacht einer Schraubenfehllage lehnen die meisten Chirurgen ein postoperatives CT ausschliesslich zur Beurteilung der Schraubenlage ab ( 21/31 ) . Die andere Haelfte der Antworten fiel ungleichmaessig aus . Vergleichende Untersuchungen , welche technischen Varianten bessere Ergebnisse liefern , gibt es aber bis jetzt nicht .	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Operationsmethode is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen is an umlsterm, Wirbelsaeule is an umlsterm, Techniken is an umlsterm, Wirbelsaeule is an umlsterm, Wirbelsaeulenoperateure is an umlsterm, Technik is an umlsterm, Gelenkfortsatz is an umlsterm, Segmentalarterie is an umlsterm, Orientierung is an umlsterm, Beurteilung is an umlsterm	DerOrthopaede.90280693.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Die transpedikulaere Schraubenverankerung stellt eine weit verbreitete Operationsmethode bei der Behandlung von Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen oder Erkrankungen der Wirbelsaeule dar . Um herauszufinden , welche Techniken dabei angewendet werden , befragten wir innerhalb der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Wirbelsaeule der DGU 31 Wirbelsaeulenoperateure aus 13 Kliniken . Unsere Umfrage verdeutlicht , dass es keine einheitliche Technik der Pedikelinstrumentierung gibt . Etwa die Haelfte der Antworten zu jeder Frage waren uebereinstimmend und duerften damit die vorherrschende Meinung repraesentieren : Fuer die Lagerung werden meist herkoemmliche Kissen verwendet ( 22/31 ) . Bei der Weichteilpraeparation wird die Fascia thoracolumbalis ueberwiegend mit dem Skalpell inzidiert ( 21/31 ) , die seitlich an den Gelenkfortsatz ansetzende Muskulatur bewusst geschont ( 22/31 ) und der Truncus dorsospinalis der Segmentalarterie normalerweise nicht koaguliert ( 25/31 ) . Der Bildwandler wird entweder vor Operationsbeginn steril abgedeckt ( 15/31 ) oder waehrend der Operation hereingefahren ( 14/31 ) , die intraoperative Orientierung erfolgt koronar meist klinisch und sagittal roentgenologisch ( 15/31 ) . Die Kortikalis wird ueberwiegend mit einem Luer eroeffnet ( 22/31 ) , das transpedikulaere Bohrloch mit einem Spickdraht praepariert ( 11/31 ) und anschliessend mit dem Bildwandler kontrolliert ( 15/31 ) . Die Mehrzahl der befragten Operateure reagiert auf eine Perforation der medialen Pedikelwand mit der Bohrung eines korrigierten Schraubenkanals ( 13/31 ) , auf die Perforation der lateralen Pedikelwand mit einer Medialisierung beim Eindrehen ( 12/31 ) oder Belassen der Schraube bei festem Sitz ( 11/31 ) . Wenn Liquor aus dem Bohrloch austritt , reagiert wiederum die Haelfte durch Lateralisierung der Schraube oder eine weiter lateral angelegte Bohrung ( 16/31 ) . Bei fehlendem Verdacht einer Schraubenfehllage lehnen die meisten Chirurgen ein postoperatives CT ausschliesslich zur Beurteilung der Schraubenlage ab ( 21/31 ) . Die andere Haelfte der Antworten fiel ungleichmaessig aus . Vergleichende Untersuchungen , welche technischen Varianten bessere Ergebnisse liefern , gibt es aber bis jetzt nicht . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Operationsmethode, Behandlung, Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen, Wirbelsaeule, Techniken, Wirbelsaeule, Wirbelsaeulenoperateure, Technik, Gelenkfortsatz, Segmentalarterie, Orientierung, Beurteilung Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Die transpedikulaere Schraubenverankerung stellt eine weit verbreitete Operationsmethode bei der Behandlung von Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen oder Erkrankungen der Wirbelsaeule dar . Um herauszufinden , welche Techniken dabei angewendet werden , befragten wir innerhalb der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Wirbelsaeule der DGU 31 Wirbelsaeulenoperateure aus 13 Kliniken . Unsere Umfrage verdeutlicht , dass es keine einheitliche Technik der Pedikelinstrumentierung gibt . Etwa die Haelfte der Antworten zu jeder Frage waren uebereinstimmend und duerften damit die vorherrschende Meinung repraesentieren : Fuer die Lagerung werden meist herkoemmliche Kissen verwendet ( 22/31 ) . Bei der Weichteilpraeparation wird die Fascia thoracolumbalis ueberwiegend mit dem Skalpell inzidiert ( 21/31 ) , die seitlich an den Gelenkfortsatz ansetzende Muskulatur bewusst geschont ( 22/31 ) und der Truncus dorsospinalis der Segmentalarterie normalerweise nicht koaguliert ( 25/31 ) . Der Bildwandler wird entweder vor Operationsbeginn steril abgedeckt ( 15/31 ) oder waehrend der Operation hereingefahren ( 14/31 ) , die intraoperative Orientierung erfolgt koronar meist klinisch und sagittal roentgenologisch ( 15/31 ) . Die Kortikalis wird ueberwiegend mit einem Luer eroeffnet ( 22/31 ) , das transpedikulaere Bohrloch mit einem Spickdraht praepariert ( 11/31 ) und anschliessend mit dem Bildwandler kontrolliert ( 15/31 ) . Die Mehrzahl der befragten Operateure reagiert auf eine Perforation der medialen Pedikelwand mit der Bohrung eines korrigierten Schraubenkanals ( 13/31 ) , auf die Perforation der lateralen Pedikelwand mit einer Medialisierung beim Eindrehen ( 12/31 ) oder Belassen der Schraube bei festem Sitz ( 11/31 ) . Wenn Liquor aus dem Bohrloch austritt , reagiert wiederum die Haelfte durch Lateralisierung der Schraube oder eine weiter lateral angelegte Bohrung ( 16/31 ) . Bei fehlendem Verdacht einer Schraubenfehllage lehnen die meisten Chirurgen ein postoperatives CT ausschliesslich zur Beurteilung der Schraubenlage ab ( 21/31 ) . Die andere Haelfte der Antworten fiel ungleichmaessig aus . Vergleichende Untersuchungen , welche technischen Varianten bessere Ergebnisse liefern , gibt es aber bis jetzt nicht .	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Operationsmethode, Behandlung, Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen, Wirbelsaeule, Techniken, Wirbelsaeule, Wirbelsaeulenoperateure, Technik, Gelenkfortsatz, Segmentalarterie, Orientierung, Beurteilung	DerOrthopaede.90280693.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Die transpedikulaere Schraubenverankerung stellt eine weit verbreitete Operationsmethode bei der Behandlung von Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen oder Erkrankungen der Wirbelsaeule dar . Um herauszufinden , welche Techniken dabei angewendet werden , befragten wir innerhalb der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Wirbelsaeule der DGU 31 Wirbelsaeulenoperateure aus 13 Kliniken . Unsere Umfrage verdeutlicht , dass es keine einheitliche Technik der Pedikelinstrumentierung gibt . Etwa die Haelfte der Antworten zu jeder Frage waren uebereinstimmend und duerften damit die vorherrschende Meinung repraesentieren : Fuer die Lagerung werden meist herkoemmliche Kissen verwendet ( 22/31 ) . Bei der Weichteilpraeparation wird die Fascia thoracolumbalis ueberwiegend mit dem Skalpell inzidiert ( 21/31 ) , die seitlich an den Gelenkfortsatz ansetzende Muskulatur bewusst geschont ( 22/31 ) und der Truncus dorsospinalis der Segmentalarterie normalerweise nicht koaguliert ( 25/31 ) . Der Bildwandler wird entweder vor Operationsbeginn steril abgedeckt ( 15/31 ) oder waehrend der Operation hereingefahren ( 14/31 ) , die intraoperative Orientierung erfolgt koronar meist klinisch und sagittal roentgenologisch ( 15/31 ) . Die Kortikalis wird ueberwiegend mit einem Luer eroeffnet ( 22/31 ) , das transpedikulaere Bohrloch mit einem Spickdraht praepariert ( 11/31 ) und anschliessend mit dem Bildwandler kontrolliert ( 15/31 ) . Die Mehrzahl der befragten Operateure reagiert auf eine Perforation der medialen Pedikelwand mit der Bohrung eines korrigierten Schraubenkanals ( 13/31 ) , auf die Perforation der lateralen Pedikelwand mit einer Medialisierung beim Eindrehen ( 12/31 ) oder Belassen der Schraube bei festem Sitz ( 11/31 ) . Wenn Liquor aus dem Bohrloch austritt , reagiert wiederum die Haelfte durch Lateralisierung der Schraube oder eine weiter lateral angelegte Bohrung ( 16/31 ) . Bei fehlendem Verdacht einer Schraubenfehllage lehnen die meisten Chirurgen ein postoperatives CT ausschliesslich zur Beurteilung der Schraubenlage ab ( 21/31 ) . Die andere Haelfte der Antworten fiel ungleichmaessig aus . Vergleichende Untersuchungen , welche technischen Varianten bessere Ergebnisse liefern , gibt es aber bis jetzt nicht . 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Um herauszufinden , welche Techniken dabei angewendet werden , befragten wir innerhalb der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Wirbelsaeule der DGU 31 Wirbelsaeulenoperateure aus 13 Kliniken . Unsere Umfrage verdeutlicht , dass es keine einheitliche Technik der Pedikelinstrumentierung gibt . Etwa die Haelfte der Antworten zu jeder Frage waren uebereinstimmend und duerften damit die vorherrschende Meinung repraesentieren : Fuer die Lagerung werden meist herkoemmliche Kissen verwendet ( 22/31 ) . Bei der Weichteilpraeparation wird die Fascia thoracolumbalis ueberwiegend mit dem Skalpell inzidiert ( 21/31 ) , die seitlich an den Gelenkfortsatz ansetzende Muskulatur bewusst geschont ( 22/31 ) und der Truncus dorsospinalis der Segmentalarterie normalerweise nicht koaguliert ( 25/31 ) . Der Bildwandler wird entweder vor Operationsbeginn steril abgedeckt ( 15/31 ) oder waehrend der Operation hereingefahren ( 14/31 ) , die intraoperative Orientierung erfolgt koronar meist klinisch und sagittal roentgenologisch ( 15/31 ) . Die Kortikalis wird ueberwiegend mit einem Luer eroeffnet ( 22/31 ) , das transpedikulaere Bohrloch mit einem Spickdraht praepariert ( 11/31 ) und anschliessend mit dem Bildwandler kontrolliert ( 15/31 ) . Die Mehrzahl der befragten Operateure reagiert auf eine Perforation der medialen Pedikelwand mit der Bohrung eines korrigierten Schraubenkanals ( 13/31 ) , auf die Perforation der lateralen Pedikelwand mit einer Medialisierung beim Eindrehen ( 12/31 ) oder Belassen der Schraube bei festem Sitz ( 11/31 ) . Wenn Liquor aus dem Bohrloch austritt , reagiert wiederum die Haelfte durch Lateralisierung der Schraube oder eine weiter lateral angelegte Bohrung ( 16/31 ) . Bei fehlendem Verdacht einer Schraubenfehllage lehnen die meisten Chirurgen ein postoperatives CT ausschliesslich zur Beurteilung der Schraubenlage ab ( 21/31 ) . Die andere Haelfte der Antworten fiel ungleichmaessig aus . Vergleichende Untersuchungen , welche technischen Varianten bessere Ergebnisse liefern , gibt es aber bis jetzt nicht .	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TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, preeclampsia is a Outcome_Physical, thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor is a Intervention_Pharmacological, pregnant is a Participant_Condition, women is a Participant_Sex, Forty is a Participant_Sample-size, Ozagrel Hydrochloride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, occurrence of preeclampsia is a Outcome_Physical, hypertension is a Outcome_Physical, proteinuria is a Outcome_Physical, mean plasma concentration of TXB2 is a Outcome_Physical, a metabolite of TXA2 is a Outcome_Physical, 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha is a Outcome_Physical, a metabolite of PGI2 is a Outcome_Physical, maternal or fetal side effects observed is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, prevention of preeclampsia is a Outcome_Physical	1735_task0	Sentence: Trial of prophylactic administration of TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride , for preeclampsia . OBJECTIVE In an attempt to investigate the prophylactic effect of a thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor on pregnant women with a high risk of preeclampsia , the following clinical study was undertaken . METHODS Forty pregnant women were randomly allocated to control or treatment groups . Ozagrel Hydrochloride ( 400 mg/day , orally ) and placebo were started at 20 weeks of gestation and continued until delivery . RESULTS Seventeen of 20 ( 85 % ) women in the control group developed preeclampsia , whereas 9 of 20 ( 45 % ) in the treatment group developed preeclampsia . Ozagrel Hydrochloride significantly ( p < 0.01 ) reduced the occurrence of preeclampsia , and the incidence of both hypertension ( p < 0.05 ) and proteinuria ( p < 0.01 ) was significantly less in the treatment group compared with the control group . One month after administration , the mean plasma concentration of TXB2 , a metabolite of TXA2 , was significantly decreased ( p < 0.01 ) to 62.4 +/- 13.6 % , whereas that of 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha , a metabolite of PGI2 , was significantly increased ( p < 0.01 ) to 206.7 +/- 52.8 % . There were no maternal or fetal side effects observed . CONCLUSIONS It seems likely that Ozagrel Hydrochloride could be used for the prevention of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Sex, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "B-Participant_Sex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Trial of prophylactic administration of TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride , for preeclampsia . OBJECTIVE In an attempt to investigate the prophylactic effect of a thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor on pregnant women with a high risk of preeclampsia , the following clinical study was undertaken . METHODS Forty pregnant women were randomly allocated to control or treatment groups . Ozagrel Hydrochloride ( 400 mg/day , orally ) and placebo were started at 20 weeks of gestation and continued until delivery . RESULTS Seventeen of 20 ( 85 % ) women in the control group developed preeclampsia , whereas 9 of 20 ( 45 % ) in the treatment group developed preeclampsia . Ozagrel Hydrochloride significantly ( p < 0.01 ) reduced the occurrence of preeclampsia , and the incidence of both hypertension ( p < 0.05 ) and proteinuria ( p < 0.01 ) was significantly less in the treatment group compared with the control group . One month after administration , the mean plasma concentration of TXB2 , a metabolite of TXA2 , was significantly decreased ( p < 0.01 ) to 62.4 +/- 13.6 % , whereas that of 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha , a metabolite of PGI2 , was significantly increased ( p < 0.01 ) to 206.7 +/- 52.8 % . There were no maternal or fetal side effects observed . CONCLUSIONS It seems likely that Ozagrel Hydrochloride could be used for the prevention of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women .	[ "Trial", "of", "prophylactic", "administration", "of", "TXA2", "synthetase", "inhibitor", ",", "ozagrel", "hydrochloride", ",", "for", "preeclampsia", ".", "OBJECTIVE", "In", "an", "attempt", "to", "investigate", "the", "prophylactic", "effect", "of", "a", "thromboxane", "A2", "(", "TXA2", ")", "synthetase", "inhibitor", "on", "pregnant", "women", "with", "a", "high", "risk", "of", "preeclampsia", ",", "the", "following", "clinical", "study", "was", "undertaken", ".", "METHODS", "Forty", "pregnant", "women", "were", "randomly", "allocated", "to", "control", "or", "treatment", "groups", ".", "Ozagrel", "Hydrochloride", "(", "400", "mg", "/", "day", ",", "orally", ")", "and", "placebo", "were", "started", "at", "20", "weeks", "of", "gestation", "and", "continued", "until", "delivery", ".", "RESULTS", "Seventeen", "of", "20", "(", "85", "%", ")", "women", "in", "the", "control", "group", "developed", "preeclampsia", ",", "whereas", "9", "of", "20", "(", "45", "%", ")", "in", "the", "treatment", "group", "developed", "preeclampsia", ".", "Ozagrel", "Hydrochloride", "significantly", "(", "p", "<", "0.01", ")", "reduced", "the", "occurrence", "of", "preeclampsia", ",", "and", "the", "incidence", "of", "both", "hypertension", "(", "p", "<", "0.05", ")", "and", "proteinuria", "(", "p", "<", "0.01", ")", "was", "significantly", "less", "in", "the", "treatment", "group", "compared", "with", "the", "control", "group", ".", "One", "month", "after", "administration", ",", "the", "mean", "plasma", "concentration", "of", "TXB2", ",", "a", "metabolite", "of", "TXA2", ",", "was", "significantly", "decreased", "(", "p", "<", "0.01", ")", "to", "62.4", "+", "/-", "13.6", "%", ",", "whereas", "that", "of", "6-keto", "prostaglandin", "F1", "alpha", ",", "a", "metabolite", "of", "PGI2", ",", "was", "significantly", "increased", "(", "p", "<", "0.01", ")", "to", "206.7", "+", "/-", "52.8", "%", ".", "There", "were", "no", "maternal", "or", "fetal", "side", "effects", "observed", ".", "CONCLUSIONS", "It", "seems", "likely", "that", "Ozagrel", "Hydrochloride", "could", "be", "used", "for", "the", "prevention", "of", "preeclampsia", "in", "high", "-", "risk", "pregnant", "women", "." ]	[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sex", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, preeclampsia is a Outcome_Physical, thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor is a Intervention_Pharmacological, pregnant is a Participant_Condition, women is a Participant_Sex, Forty is a Participant_Sample-size, Ozagrel Hydrochloride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, occurrence of preeclampsia is a Outcome_Physical, hypertension is a Outcome_Physical, proteinuria is a Outcome_Physical, mean plasma concentration of TXB2 is a Outcome_Physical, a metabolite of TXA2 is a Outcome_Physical, 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha is a Outcome_Physical, a metabolite of PGI2 is a Outcome_Physical, maternal or fetal side effects observed is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, prevention of preeclampsia is a Outcome_Physical	1735_task1	Sentence: Trial of prophylactic administration of TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride , for preeclampsia . OBJECTIVE In an attempt to investigate the prophylactic effect of a thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor on pregnant women with a high risk of preeclampsia , the following clinical study was undertaken . METHODS Forty pregnant women were randomly allocated to control or treatment groups . Ozagrel Hydrochloride ( 400 mg/day , orally ) and placebo were started at 20 weeks of gestation and continued until delivery . RESULTS Seventeen of 20 ( 85 % ) women in the control group developed preeclampsia , whereas 9 of 20 ( 45 % ) in the treatment group developed preeclampsia . Ozagrel Hydrochloride significantly ( p < 0.01 ) reduced the occurrence of preeclampsia , and the incidence of both hypertension ( p < 0.05 ) and proteinuria ( p < 0.01 ) was significantly less in the treatment group compared with the control group . One month after administration , the mean plasma concentration of TXB2 , a metabolite of TXA2 , was significantly decreased ( p < 0.01 ) to 62.4 +/- 13.6 % , whereas that of 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha , a metabolite of PGI2 , was significantly increased ( p < 0.01 ) to 206.7 +/- 52.8 % . There were no maternal or fetal side effects observed . CONCLUSIONS It seems likely that Ozagrel Hydrochloride could be used for the prevention of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride, preeclampsia, thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor, pregnant, women, Forty, Ozagrel Hydrochloride, placebo, occurrence of preeclampsia, hypertension, proteinuria, mean plasma concentration of TXB2, a metabolite of TXA2, 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha, a metabolite of PGI2, maternal or fetal side effects observed, prevention of preeclampsia Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Sex, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "B-Participant_Sex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Trial of prophylactic administration of TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride , for preeclampsia . OBJECTIVE In an attempt to investigate the prophylactic effect of a thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor on pregnant women with a high risk of preeclampsia , the following clinical study was undertaken . METHODS Forty pregnant women were randomly allocated to control or treatment groups . Ozagrel Hydrochloride ( 400 mg/day , orally ) and placebo were started at 20 weeks of gestation and continued until delivery . RESULTS Seventeen of 20 ( 85 % ) women in the control group developed preeclampsia , whereas 9 of 20 ( 45 % ) in the treatment group developed preeclampsia . Ozagrel Hydrochloride significantly ( p < 0.01 ) reduced the occurrence of preeclampsia , and the incidence of both hypertension ( p < 0.05 ) and proteinuria ( p < 0.01 ) was significantly less in the treatment group compared with the control group . One month after administration , the mean plasma concentration of TXB2 , a metabolite of TXA2 , was significantly decreased ( p < 0.01 ) to 62.4 +/- 13.6 % , whereas that of 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha , a metabolite of PGI2 , was significantly increased ( p < 0.01 ) to 206.7 +/- 52.8 % . There were no maternal or fetal side effects observed . CONCLUSIONS It seems likely that Ozagrel Hydrochloride could be used for the prevention of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women .	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TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride, preeclampsia, thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor, pregnant, women, Forty, Ozagrel Hydrochloride, placebo, occurrence of preeclampsia, hypertension, proteinuria, mean plasma concentration of TXB2, a metabolite of TXA2, 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha, a metabolite of PGI2, maternal or fetal side effects observed, prevention of preeclampsia	1735_task2	Sentence: Trial of prophylactic administration of TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride , for preeclampsia . OBJECTIVE In an attempt to investigate the prophylactic effect of a thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor on pregnant women with a high risk of preeclampsia , the following clinical study was undertaken . METHODS Forty pregnant women were randomly allocated to control or treatment groups . Ozagrel Hydrochloride ( 400 mg/day , orally ) and placebo were started at 20 weeks of gestation and continued until delivery . RESULTS Seventeen of 20 ( 85 % ) women in the control group developed preeclampsia , whereas 9 of 20 ( 45 % ) in the treatment group developed preeclampsia . Ozagrel Hydrochloride significantly ( p < 0.01 ) reduced the occurrence of preeclampsia , and the incidence of both hypertension ( p < 0.05 ) and proteinuria ( p < 0.01 ) was significantly less in the treatment group compared with the control group . One month after administration , the mean plasma concentration of TXB2 , a metabolite of TXA2 , was significantly decreased ( p < 0.01 ) to 62.4 +/- 13.6 % , whereas that of 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha , a metabolite of PGI2 , was significantly increased ( p < 0.01 ) to 206.7 +/- 52.8 % . There were no maternal or fetal side effects observed . CONCLUSIONS It seems likely that Ozagrel Hydrochloride could be used for the prevention of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "B-Participant_Sex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Trial of prophylactic administration of TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride , for preeclampsia . OBJECTIVE In an attempt to investigate the prophylactic effect of a thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor on pregnant women with a high risk of preeclampsia , the following clinical study was undertaken . METHODS Forty pregnant women were randomly allocated to control or treatment groups . Ozagrel Hydrochloride ( 400 mg/day , orally ) and placebo were started at 20 weeks of gestation and continued until delivery . RESULTS Seventeen of 20 ( 85 % ) women in the control group developed preeclampsia , whereas 9 of 20 ( 45 % ) in the treatment group developed preeclampsia . Ozagrel Hydrochloride significantly ( p < 0.01 ) reduced the occurrence of preeclampsia , and the incidence of both hypertension ( p < 0.05 ) and proteinuria ( p < 0.01 ) was significantly less in the treatment group compared with the control group . One month after administration , the mean plasma concentration of TXB2 , a metabolite of TXA2 , was significantly decreased ( p < 0.01 ) to 62.4 +/- 13.6 % , whereas that of 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha , a metabolite of PGI2 , was significantly increased ( p < 0.01 ) to 206.7 +/- 52.8 % . There were no maternal or fetal side effects observed . CONCLUSIONS It seems likely that Ozagrel Hydrochloride could be used for the prevention of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women .	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HERG is a GENE-Y, clofilium is a CHEMICAL, ibutilide is a CHEMICAL, human ether - a - go - go related gene ( hERG ) K(+ ) channels is a GENE-Y, hERG is a GENE-Y, hERG is a GENE-Y, hERG is a GENE-Y, clofilium is a CHEMICAL, ibutilide is a CHEMICAL, nitrogen is a CHEMICAL, phenyl is a CHEMICAL, hERG is a GENE-Y, phenyl is a CHEMICAL	12231_task0	Sentence: Drug binding interactions in the inner cavity of HERG channels: molecular insights from structure-activity relationships of clofilium and ibutilide analogs. Block of human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) K(+) channels by otherwise useful drugs is the most common cause of long QT syndrome, a disorder of cardiac repolarization that predisposes patients to potentially fatal arrhythmias. This undesirable long QT side effect has been a major reason for the withdrawal of medications from the pharmaceutical market. Understanding the molecular basis of hERG block is therefore essential to facilitate the design of safe drugs. Binding sites for hERG blockers have been mapped within the inner cavity of the channel and include aromatic residues in the S6 helix (Tyr-652, Phe-656) and residues in the pore helix (Thr-623, Ser-624, Val-625). We used mutagenesis of these residues, combined with an investigation of hERG block by close analogs of clofilium and ibutilide, to assess how specific alterations in drug structure affected potency and binding interactions. Although changing the basic nitrogen from quaternary to tertiary accelerated the onset of block, the IC(50) and kinetics for recovery from block were similar. In contrast, analogs with different para-substituents on the phenyl ring had significantly different potencies for wild-type hERG block. The highest potency was achieved with polar or electronegative para-substituents, whereas neutral para-substituents had potencies more than 100-fold lower. Results from mutagenesis and molecular modeling studies suggest that phenyl ring para-substituents influence drug interactions with Thr-623, Ser-624, and Tyr-652 and strongly affect binding affinity. Together, these findings suggest that modifying the para-substituent could be a useful strategy for reducing hERG potency and increasing the safety margin of compounds in development. 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Block of human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) K(+) channels by otherwise useful drugs is the most common cause of long QT syndrome, a disorder of cardiac repolarization that predisposes patients to potentially fatal arrhythmias. This undesirable long QT side effect has been a major reason for the withdrawal of medications from the pharmaceutical market. Understanding the molecular basis of hERG block is therefore essential to facilitate the design of safe drugs. Binding sites for hERG blockers have been mapped within the inner cavity of the channel and include aromatic residues in the S6 helix (Tyr-652, Phe-656) and residues in the pore helix (Thr-623, Ser-624, Val-625). We used mutagenesis of these residues, combined with an investigation of hERG block by close analogs of clofilium and ibutilide, to assess how specific alterations in drug structure affected potency and binding interactions. Although changing the basic nitrogen from quaternary to tertiary accelerated the onset of block, the IC(50) and kinetics for recovery from block were similar. In contrast, analogs with different para-substituents on the phenyl ring had significantly different potencies for wild-type hERG block. The highest potency was achieved with polar or electronegative para-substituents, whereas neutral para-substituents had potencies more than 100-fold lower. Results from mutagenesis and molecular modeling studies suggest that phenyl ring para-substituents influence drug interactions with Thr-623, Ser-624, and Tyr-652 and strongly affect binding affinity. Together, these findings suggest that modifying the para-substituent could be a useful strategy for reducing hERG potency and increasing the safety margin of compounds in development.	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HERG is a GENE-Y, clofilium is a CHEMICAL, ibutilide is a CHEMICAL, human ether - a - go - go related gene ( hERG ) K(+ ) channels is a GENE-Y, hERG is a GENE-Y, hERG is a GENE-Y, hERG is a GENE-Y, clofilium is a CHEMICAL, ibutilide is a CHEMICAL, nitrogen is a CHEMICAL, phenyl is a CHEMICAL, hERG is a GENE-Y, phenyl is a CHEMICAL	12231_task1	Sentence: Drug binding interactions in the inner cavity of HERG channels: molecular insights from structure-activity relationships of clofilium and ibutilide analogs. Block of human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) K(+) channels by otherwise useful drugs is the most common cause of long QT syndrome, a disorder of cardiac repolarization that predisposes patients to potentially fatal arrhythmias. This undesirable long QT side effect has been a major reason for the withdrawal of medications from the pharmaceutical market. Understanding the molecular basis of hERG block is therefore essential to facilitate the design of safe drugs. Binding sites for hERG blockers have been mapped within the inner cavity of the channel and include aromatic residues in the S6 helix (Tyr-652, Phe-656) and residues in the pore helix (Thr-623, Ser-624, Val-625). We used mutagenesis of these residues, combined with an investigation of hERG block by close analogs of clofilium and ibutilide, to assess how specific alterations in drug structure affected potency and binding interactions. Although changing the basic nitrogen from quaternary to tertiary accelerated the onset of block, the IC(50) and kinetics for recovery from block were similar. In contrast, analogs with different para-substituents on the phenyl ring had significantly different potencies for wild-type hERG block. The highest potency was achieved with polar or electronegative para-substituents, whereas neutral para-substituents had potencies more than 100-fold lower. Results from mutagenesis and molecular modeling studies suggest that phenyl ring para-substituents influence drug interactions with Thr-623, Ser-624, and Tyr-652 and strongly affect binding affinity. Together, these findings suggest that modifying the para-substituent could be a useful strategy for reducing hERG potency and increasing the safety margin of compounds in development. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: HERG, clofilium, ibutilide, human ether - a - go - go related gene ( hERG ) K(+ ) channels, hERG, hERG, hERG, clofilium, ibutilide, nitrogen, phenyl, hERG, phenyl Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Drug binding interactions in the inner cavity of HERG channels: molecular insights from structure-activity relationships of clofilium and ibutilide analogs. Block of human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) K(+) channels by otherwise useful drugs is the most common cause of long QT syndrome, a disorder of cardiac repolarization that predisposes patients to potentially fatal arrhythmias. This undesirable long QT side effect has been a major reason for the withdrawal of medications from the pharmaceutical market. Understanding the molecular basis of hERG block is therefore essential to facilitate the design of safe drugs. Binding sites for hERG blockers have been mapped within the inner cavity of the channel and include aromatic residues in the S6 helix (Tyr-652, Phe-656) and residues in the pore helix (Thr-623, Ser-624, Val-625). We used mutagenesis of these residues, combined with an investigation of hERG block by close analogs of clofilium and ibutilide, to assess how specific alterations in drug structure affected potency and binding interactions. Although changing the basic nitrogen from quaternary to tertiary accelerated the onset of block, the IC(50) and kinetics for recovery from block were similar. In contrast, analogs with different para-substituents on the phenyl ring had significantly different potencies for wild-type hERG block. The highest potency was achieved with polar or electronegative para-substituents, whereas neutral para-substituents had potencies more than 100-fold lower. Results from mutagenesis and molecular modeling studies suggest that phenyl ring para-substituents influence drug interactions with Thr-623, Ser-624, and Tyr-652 and strongly affect binding affinity. Together, these findings suggest that modifying the para-substituent could be a useful strategy for reducing hERG potency and increasing the safety margin of compounds in development.	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HERG, clofilium, ibutilide, human ether - a - go - go related gene ( hERG ) K(+ ) channels, hERG, hERG, hERG, clofilium, ibutilide, nitrogen, phenyl, hERG, phenyl	12231_task2	Sentence: Drug binding interactions in the inner cavity of HERG channels: molecular insights from structure-activity relationships of clofilium and ibutilide analogs. Block of human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) K(+) channels by otherwise useful drugs is the most common cause of long QT syndrome, a disorder of cardiac repolarization that predisposes patients to potentially fatal arrhythmias. This undesirable long QT side effect has been a major reason for the withdrawal of medications from the pharmaceutical market. Understanding the molecular basis of hERG block is therefore essential to facilitate the design of safe drugs. Binding sites for hERG blockers have been mapped within the inner cavity of the channel and include aromatic residues in the S6 helix (Tyr-652, Phe-656) and residues in the pore helix (Thr-623, Ser-624, Val-625). We used mutagenesis of these residues, combined with an investigation of hERG block by close analogs of clofilium and ibutilide, to assess how specific alterations in drug structure affected potency and binding interactions. Although changing the basic nitrogen from quaternary to tertiary accelerated the onset of block, the IC(50) and kinetics for recovery from block were similar. In contrast, analogs with different para-substituents on the phenyl ring had significantly different potencies for wild-type hERG block. The highest potency was achieved with polar or electronegative para-substituents, whereas neutral para-substituents had potencies more than 100-fold lower. Results from mutagenesis and molecular modeling studies suggest that phenyl ring para-substituents influence drug interactions with Thr-623, Ser-624, and Tyr-652 and strongly affect binding affinity. Together, these findings suggest that modifying the para-substituent could be a useful strategy for reducing hERG potency and increasing the safety margin of compounds in development. 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Block of human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) K(+) channels by otherwise useful drugs is the most common cause of long QT syndrome, a disorder of cardiac repolarization that predisposes patients to potentially fatal arrhythmias. This undesirable long QT side effect has been a major reason for the withdrawal of medications from the pharmaceutical market. Understanding the molecular basis of hERG block is therefore essential to facilitate the design of safe drugs. Binding sites for hERG blockers have been mapped within the inner cavity of the channel and include aromatic residues in the S6 helix (Tyr-652, Phe-656) and residues in the pore helix (Thr-623, Ser-624, Val-625). We used mutagenesis of these residues, combined with an investigation of hERG block by close analogs of clofilium and ibutilide, to assess how specific alterations in drug structure affected potency and binding interactions. Although changing the basic nitrogen from quaternary to tertiary accelerated the onset of block, the IC(50) and kinetics for recovery from block were similar. In contrast, analogs with different para-substituents on the phenyl ring had significantly different potencies for wild-type hERG block. The highest potency was achieved with polar or electronegative para-substituents, whereas neutral para-substituents had potencies more than 100-fold lower. Results from mutagenesis and molecular modeling studies suggest that phenyl ring para-substituents influence drug interactions with Thr-623, Ser-624, and Tyr-652 and strongly affect binding affinity. Together, these findings suggest that modifying the para-substituent could be a useful strategy for reducing hERG potency and increasing the safety margin of compounds in development.	[ "Drug", "binding", "interactions", "in", "the", "inner", "cavity", "of", "HERG", "channels", ":", "molecular", "insights", "from", "structure", "-", "activity", "relationships", "of", "clofilium", "and", "ibutilide", "analogs", ".", "\n", "Block", "of", "human", "ether", "-", "a", "-", "go", "-", "go", "related", "gene", "(", "hERG", ")", "K(+", ")", "channels", "by", "otherwise", "useful", "drugs", "is", "the", "most", "common", "cause", "of", "long", "QT", "syndrome", ",", "a", "disorder", "of", "cardiac", "repolarization", "that", "predisposes", "patients", "to", "potentially", "fatal", "arrhythmias", ".", "This", "undesirable", "long", "QT", "side", "effect", "has", "been", "a", "major", "reason", "for", "the", "withdrawal", "of", "medications", "from", "the", "pharmaceutical", "market", ".", "Understanding", "the", "molecular", "basis", "of", "hERG", "block", "is", "therefore", "essential", "to", "facilitate", "the", "design", "of", "safe", "drugs", ".", "Binding", "sites", "for", "hERG", "blockers", "have", "been", "mapped", "within", "the", "inner", "cavity", "of", "the", "channel", "and", "include", "aromatic", "residues", "in", "the", "S6", "helix", "(", "Tyr-652", ",", "Phe-656", ")", "and", "residues", "in", "the", "pore", "helix", "(", "Thr-623", ",", "Ser-624", ",", "Val-625", ")", ".", "We", "used", "mutagenesis", "of", "these", "residues", ",", "combined", "with", "an", "investigation", "of", "hERG", "block", "by", "close", "analogs", "of", "clofilium", "and", "ibutilide", ",", "to", "assess", "how", "specific", "alterations", "in", "drug", "structure", "affected", "potency", "and", "binding", "interactions", ".", "Although", "changing", "the", "basic", "nitrogen", "from", "quaternary", "to", "tertiary", "accelerated", "the", "onset", "of", "block", ",", "the", "IC(50", ")", "and", "kinetics", "for", "recovery", "from", "block", "were", "similar", ".", "In", "contrast", ",", "analogs", "with", "different", "para", "-", "substituents", "on", "the", "phenyl", "ring", "had", "significantly", "different", "potencies", "for", "wild", "-", "type", "hERG", "block", ".", "The", "highest", "potency", "was", "achieved", "with", "polar", "or", "electronegative", "para", "-", "substituents", ",", "whereas", "neutral", "para", "-", "substituents", "had", "potencies", "more", "than", "100-fold", "lower", ".", "Results", "from", "mutagenesis", "and", "molecular", "modeling", "studies", "suggest", "that", "phenyl", "ring", "para", "-", "substituents", "influence", "drug", "interactions", "with", "Thr-623", ",", "Ser-624", ",", "and", "Tyr-652", "and", "strongly", "affect", "binding", "affinity", ".", "Together", ",", "these", "findings", "suggest", "that", "modifying", "the", "para", "-", "substituent", "could", "be", "a", "useful", "strategy", "for", "reducing", "hERG", "potency", "and", "increasing", "the", "safety", "margin", "of", "compounds", "in", "development", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]
traumatology is an umlsterm, compartment syndromes is an umlsterm, lower extremity is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, direct is an umlsterm, injuries is an umlsterm, ischaemia is an umlsterm, causes is an umlsterm, over - exertion is an umlsterm, causes is an umlsterm, rhabdomyolysis is an umlsterm, myositis is an umlsterm, myositis is an umlsterm, paper is an umlsterm, compartment syndrome is an umlsterm, ankle is an umlsterm	DerUnfallchirurg.81010232.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: In the field of traumatology , compartment syndromes of the lower extremity are often seen after fractures and direct injuries , or after ischaemia . Other causes include over-exertion and non-traumatic causes such as acute rhabdomyolysis , drug-induced myositis and eosinophilic myositis . This paper describes the clinical and MR course of a compartment syndrome following an ankle sprain . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	In the field of traumatology , compartment syndromes of the lower extremity are often seen after fractures and direct injuries , or after ischaemia . Other causes include over-exertion and non-traumatic causes such as acute rhabdomyolysis , drug-induced myositis and eosinophilic myositis . This paper describes the clinical and MR course of a compartment syndrome following an ankle sprain .	[ "In", "the", "field", "of", "traumatology", ",", "compartment", "syndromes", "of", "the", "lower", "extremity", "are", "often", "seen", "after", "fractures", "and", "direct", "injuries", ",", "or", "after", "ischaemia", ".", "Other", "causes", "include", "over", "-", "exertion", "and", "non", "-", "traumatic", "causes", "such", "as", "acute", "rhabdomyolysis", ",", "drug", "-", "induced", "myositis", "and", "eosinophilic", "myositis", ".", "This", "paper", "describes", "the", "clinical", "and", "MR", "course", "of", "a", "compartment", "syndrome", "following", "an", "ankle", "sprain", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
traumatology is an umlsterm, compartment syndromes is an umlsterm, lower extremity is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, direct is an umlsterm, injuries is an umlsterm, ischaemia is an umlsterm, causes is an umlsterm, over - exertion is an umlsterm, causes is an umlsterm, rhabdomyolysis is an umlsterm, myositis is an umlsterm, myositis is an umlsterm, paper is an umlsterm, compartment syndrome is an umlsterm, ankle is an umlsterm	DerUnfallchirurg.81010232.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: In the field of traumatology , compartment syndromes of the lower extremity are often seen after fractures and direct injuries , or after ischaemia . Other causes include over-exertion and non-traumatic causes such as acute rhabdomyolysis , drug-induced myositis and eosinophilic myositis . This paper describes the clinical and MR course of a compartment syndrome following an ankle sprain . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: traumatology, compartment syndromes, lower extremity, fractures, direct, injuries, ischaemia, causes, over - exertion, causes, rhabdomyolysis, myositis, myositis, paper, compartment syndrome, ankle Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	In the field of traumatology , compartment syndromes of the lower extremity are often seen after fractures and direct injuries , or after ischaemia . Other causes include over-exertion and non-traumatic causes such as acute rhabdomyolysis , drug-induced myositis and eosinophilic myositis . This paper describes the clinical and MR course of a compartment syndrome following an ankle sprain .	[ "In", "the", "field", "of", "traumatology", ",", "compartment", "syndromes", "of", "the", "lower", "extremity", "are", "often", "seen", "after", "fractures", "and", "direct", "injuries", ",", "or", "after", "ischaemia", ".", "Other", "causes", "include", "over", "-", "exertion", "and", "non", "-", "traumatic", "causes", "such", "as", "acute", "rhabdomyolysis", ",", "drug", "-", "induced", "myositis", "and", "eosinophilic", "myositis", ".", "This", "paper", "describes", "the", "clinical", "and", "MR", "course", "of", "a", "compartment", "syndrome", "following", "an", "ankle", "sprain", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
traumatology, compartment syndromes, lower extremity, fractures, direct, injuries, ischaemia, causes, over - exertion, causes, rhabdomyolysis, myositis, myositis, paper, compartment syndrome, ankle	DerUnfallchirurg.81010232.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: In the field of traumatology , compartment syndromes of the lower extremity are often seen after fractures and direct injuries , or after ischaemia . Other causes include over-exertion and non-traumatic causes such as acute rhabdomyolysis , drug-induced myositis and eosinophilic myositis . This paper describes the clinical and MR course of a compartment syndrome following an ankle sprain . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	In the field of traumatology , compartment syndromes of the lower extremity are often seen after fractures and direct injuries , or after ischaemia . Other causes include over-exertion and non-traumatic causes such as acute rhabdomyolysis , drug-induced myositis and eosinophilic myositis . This paper describes the clinical and MR course of a compartment syndrome following an ankle sprain .	[ "In", "the", "field", "of", "traumatology", ",", "compartment", "syndromes", "of", "the", "lower", "extremity", "are", "often", "seen", "after", "fractures", "and", "direct", "injuries", ",", "or", "after", "ischaemia", ".", "Other", "causes", "include", "over", "-", "exertion", "and", "non", "-", "traumatic", "causes", "such", "as", "acute", "rhabdomyolysis", ",", "drug", "-", "induced", "myositis", "and", "eosinophilic", "myositis", ".", "This", "paper", "describes", "the", "clinical", "and", "MR", "course", "of", "a", "compartment", "syndrome", "following", "an", "ankle", "sprain", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design is a participant	462_task0	Sentence: The trial will enroll 720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: participant	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "O" ]	The trial will enroll 720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design .	[ "The", "trial", "will", "enroll", "720", "unique", "patients", "in", "emergency", "departments", "and", "uses", "a", "Bayesian", "adaptive", "design", "." ]	[ "participant", "intervention" ]
720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design is a participant	462_task1	Sentence: The trial will enroll 720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: 720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design Options: participant	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "O" ]	The trial will enroll 720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design .	[ "The", "trial", "will", "enroll", "720", "unique", "patients", "in", "emergency", "departments", "and", "uses", "a", "Bayesian", "adaptive", "design", "." ]	[ "participant", "intervention" ]
720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design	462_task2	Sentence: The trial will enroll 720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "O" ]	The trial will enroll 720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design .	[ "The", "trial", "will", "enroll", "720", "unique", "patients", "in", "emergency", "departments", "and", "uses", "a", "Bayesian", "adaptive", "design", "." ]	[ "participant", "intervention" ]
HOXB1 is a Gene, HOXB1 is a Gene, Arg207Cys is a SNP, HOXB1 is a Gene	52_task0	Sentence: HOXB1 founder mutation in humans recapitulates the phenotype of Hoxb1-/- mice. Members of the highly conserved homeobox (HOX) gene family encode transcription factors that confer cellular and tissue identities along the antero-posterior axis of mice and humans. We have identified a founder homozygous missense mutation in HOXB1 in two families from a conservative German American population. The resulting phenotype includes bilateral facial palsy, hearing loss, and strabismus and correlates extensively with the previously reported Hoxb1(-/-) mouse phenotype. The missense variant is predicted to result in the substitution of a cysteine for an arginine at amino acid residue 207 (Arg207Cys), which corresponds to the highly conserved Arg5 of the homeodomain. Arg5 interacts with thymine in the minor groove of DNA through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction. Molecular modeling and an in vitro DNA-protein binding assay predict that the mutation would disrupt these interactions, destabilize the HOXB1:PBX1:DNA complex, and alter HOXB1 transcriptional activity. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Gene, SNP	[ "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	HOXB1 founder mutation in humans recapitulates the phenotype of Hoxb1-/- mice. Members of the highly conserved homeobox (HOX) gene family encode transcription factors that confer cellular and tissue identities along the antero-posterior axis of mice and humans. We have identified a founder homozygous missense mutation in HOXB1 in two families from a conservative German American population. The resulting phenotype includes bilateral facial palsy, hearing loss, and strabismus and correlates extensively with the previously reported Hoxb1(-/-) mouse phenotype. The missense variant is predicted to result in the substitution of a cysteine for an arginine at amino acid residue 207 (Arg207Cys), which corresponds to the highly conserved Arg5 of the homeodomain. Arg5 interacts with thymine in the minor groove of DNA through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction. Molecular modeling and an in vitro DNA-protein binding assay predict that the mutation would disrupt these interactions, destabilize the HOXB1:PBX1:DNA complex, and alter HOXB1 transcriptional activity.	[ "HOXB1", "founder", "mutation", "in", "humans", "recapitulates", "the", "phenotype", "of", "Hoxb1-/-", "mice", ".", "Members", "of", "the", "highly", "conserved", "homeobox", "(", "HOX", ")", "gene", "family", "encode", "transcription", "factors", "that", "confer", "cellular", "and", "tissue", "identities", "along", "the", "antero", "-", "posterior", "axis", "of", "mice", "and", "humans", ".", "We", "have", "identified", "a", "founder", "homozygous", "missense", "mutation", "in", "HOXB1", "in", "two", "families", "from", "a", "conservative", "German", "American", "population", ".", "The", "resulting", "phenotype", "includes", "bilateral", "facial", "palsy", ",", "hearing", "loss", ",", "and", "strabismus", "and", "correlates", "extensively", "with", "the", "previously", "reported", "Hoxb1(-/-", ")", "mouse", "phenotype", ".", "The", "missense", "variant", "is", "predicted", "to", "result", "in", "the", "substitution", "of", "a", "cysteine", "for", "an", "arginine", "at", "amino", "acid", "residue", "207", "(", "Arg207Cys", ")", ",", "which", "corresponds", "to", "the", "highly", "conserved", "Arg5", "of", "the", "homeodomain", ".", "Arg5", "interacts", "with", "thymine", "in", "the", "minor", "groove", "of", "DNA", "through", "hydrogen", "bonding", "and", "electrostatic", "attraction", ".", "Molecular", "modeling", "and", "an", "in", "vitro", "DNA", "-", "protein", "binding", "assay", "predict", "that", "the", "mutation", "would", "disrupt", "these", "interactions", ",", "destabilize", "the", "HOXB1", ":", "PBX1", ":", "DNA", "complex", ",", "and", "alter", "HOXB1", "transcriptional", "activity", ".", "\n" ]	[ "SNP", "Gene" ]
HOXB1 is a Gene, HOXB1 is a Gene, Arg207Cys is a SNP, HOXB1 is a Gene	52_task1	Sentence: HOXB1 founder mutation in humans recapitulates the phenotype of Hoxb1-/- mice. Members of the highly conserved homeobox (HOX) gene family encode transcription factors that confer cellular and tissue identities along the antero-posterior axis of mice and humans. We have identified a founder homozygous missense mutation in HOXB1 in two families from a conservative German American population. The resulting phenotype includes bilateral facial palsy, hearing loss, and strabismus and correlates extensively with the previously reported Hoxb1(-/-) mouse phenotype. The missense variant is predicted to result in the substitution of a cysteine for an arginine at amino acid residue 207 (Arg207Cys), which corresponds to the highly conserved Arg5 of the homeodomain. Arg5 interacts with thymine in the minor groove of DNA through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction. Molecular modeling and an in vitro DNA-protein binding assay predict that the mutation would disrupt these interactions, destabilize the HOXB1:PBX1:DNA complex, and alter HOXB1 transcriptional activity. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: HOXB1, HOXB1, Arg207Cys, HOXB1 Options: Gene, SNP	[ "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	HOXB1 founder mutation in humans recapitulates the phenotype of Hoxb1-/- mice. Members of the highly conserved homeobox (HOX) gene family encode transcription factors that confer cellular and tissue identities along the antero-posterior axis of mice and humans. We have identified a founder homozygous missense mutation in HOXB1 in two families from a conservative German American population. The resulting phenotype includes bilateral facial palsy, hearing loss, and strabismus and correlates extensively with the previously reported Hoxb1(-/-) mouse phenotype. The missense variant is predicted to result in the substitution of a cysteine for an arginine at amino acid residue 207 (Arg207Cys), which corresponds to the highly conserved Arg5 of the homeodomain. Arg5 interacts with thymine in the minor groove of DNA through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction. Molecular modeling and an in vitro DNA-protein binding assay predict that the mutation would disrupt these interactions, destabilize the HOXB1:PBX1:DNA complex, and alter HOXB1 transcriptional activity.	[ "HOXB1", "founder", "mutation", "in", "humans", "recapitulates", "the", "phenotype", "of", "Hoxb1-/-", "mice", ".", "Members", "of", "the", "highly", "conserved", "homeobox", "(", "HOX", ")", "gene", "family", "encode", "transcription", "factors", "that", "confer", "cellular", "and", "tissue", "identities", "along", "the", "antero", "-", "posterior", "axis", "of", "mice", "and", "humans", ".", "We", "have", "identified", "a", "founder", "homozygous", "missense", "mutation", "in", "HOXB1", "in", "two", "families", "from", "a", "conservative", "German", "American", "population", ".", "The", "resulting", "phenotype", "includes", "bilateral", "facial", "palsy", ",", "hearing", "loss", ",", "and", "strabismus", "and", "correlates", "extensively", "with", "the", "previously", "reported", "Hoxb1(-/-", ")", "mouse", "phenotype", ".", "The", "missense", "variant", "is", "predicted", "to", "result", "in", "the", "substitution", "of", "a", "cysteine", "for", "an", "arginine", "at", "amino", "acid", "residue", "207", "(", "Arg207Cys", ")", ",", "which", "corresponds", "to", "the", "highly", "conserved", "Arg5", "of", "the", "homeodomain", ".", "Arg5", "interacts", "with", "thymine", "in", "the", "minor", "groove", "of", "DNA", "through", "hydrogen", "bonding", "and", "electrostatic", "attraction", ".", "Molecular", "modeling", "and", "an", "in", "vitro", "DNA", "-", "protein", "binding", "assay", "predict", "that", "the", "mutation", "would", "disrupt", "these", "interactions", ",", "destabilize", "the", "HOXB1", ":", "PBX1", ":", "DNA", "complex", ",", "and", "alter", "HOXB1", "transcriptional", "activity", ".", "\n" ]	[ "SNP", "Gene" ]
HOXB1, HOXB1, Arg207Cys, HOXB1	52_task2	Sentence: HOXB1 founder mutation in humans recapitulates the phenotype of Hoxb1-/- mice. Members of the highly conserved homeobox (HOX) gene family encode transcription factors that confer cellular and tissue identities along the antero-posterior axis of mice and humans. We have identified a founder homozygous missense mutation in HOXB1 in two families from a conservative German American population. The resulting phenotype includes bilateral facial palsy, hearing loss, and strabismus and correlates extensively with the previously reported Hoxb1(-/-) mouse phenotype. The missense variant is predicted to result in the substitution of a cysteine for an arginine at amino acid residue 207 (Arg207Cys), which corresponds to the highly conserved Arg5 of the homeodomain. Arg5 interacts with thymine in the minor groove of DNA through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction. Molecular modeling and an in vitro DNA-protein binding assay predict that the mutation would disrupt these interactions, destabilize the HOXB1:PBX1:DNA complex, and alter HOXB1 transcriptional activity. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-SNP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	HOXB1 founder mutation in humans recapitulates the phenotype of Hoxb1-/- mice. Members of the highly conserved homeobox (HOX) gene family encode transcription factors that confer cellular and tissue identities along the antero-posterior axis of mice and humans. We have identified a founder homozygous missense mutation in HOXB1 in two families from a conservative German American population. The resulting phenotype includes bilateral facial palsy, hearing loss, and strabismus and correlates extensively with the previously reported Hoxb1(-/-) mouse phenotype. The missense variant is predicted to result in the substitution of a cysteine for an arginine at amino acid residue 207 (Arg207Cys), which corresponds to the highly conserved Arg5 of the homeodomain. Arg5 interacts with thymine in the minor groove of DNA through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction. Molecular modeling and an in vitro DNA-protein binding assay predict that the mutation would disrupt these interactions, destabilize the HOXB1:PBX1:DNA complex, and alter HOXB1 transcriptional activity.	[ "HOXB1", "founder", "mutation", "in", "humans", "recapitulates", "the", "phenotype", "of", "Hoxb1-/-", "mice", ".", "Members", "of", "the", "highly", "conserved", "homeobox", "(", "HOX", ")", "gene", "family", "encode", "transcription", "factors", "that", "confer", "cellular", "and", "tissue", "identities", "along", "the", "antero", "-", "posterior", "axis", "of", "mice", "and", "humans", ".", "We", "have", "identified", "a", "founder", "homozygous", "missense", "mutation", "in", "HOXB1", "in", "two", "families", "from", "a", "conservative", "German", "American", "population", ".", "The", "resulting", "phenotype", "includes", "bilateral", "facial", "palsy", ",", "hearing", "loss", ",", "and", "strabismus", "and", "correlates", "extensively", "with", "the", "previously", "reported", "Hoxb1(-/-", ")", "mouse", "phenotype", ".", "The", "missense", "variant", "is", "predicted", "to", "result", "in", "the", "substitution", "of", "a", "cysteine", "for", "an", "arginine", "at", "amino", "acid", "residue", "207", "(", "Arg207Cys", ")", ",", "which", "corresponds", "to", "the", "highly", "conserved", "Arg5", "of", "the", "homeodomain", ".", "Arg5", "interacts", "with", "thymine", "in", "the", "minor", "groove", "of", "DNA", "through", "hydrogen", "bonding", "and", "electrostatic", "attraction", ".", "Molecular", "modeling", "and", "an", "in", "vitro", "DNA", "-", "protein", "binding", "assay", "predict", "that", "the", "mutation", "would", "disrupt", "these", "interactions", ",", "destabilize", "the", "HOXB1", ":", "PBX1", ":", "DNA", "complex", ",", "and", "alter", "HOXB1", "transcriptional", "activity", ".", "\n" ]	[ "SNP", "Gene" ]
walnut consumption is a Intervention_Pharmacological, endothelial function is a Outcome_Physical, type 2 diabetic is a Participant_Condition, cardiovascular biomarkers is a Outcome_Physical, anthropometric measures is a Outcome_Physical, Twenty - four is a Participant_Sample-size, type 2 diabetes is a Participant_Condition, mean age 58 years is a Participant_Age, 14 women and 10 men is a Participant_Sex, ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts / day is a Intervention_Pharmacological, ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks is a Intervention_Control, endothelial function testing is a Intervention_Physical, change in FMD is a Outcome_Physical, changes in plasma lipids , A1C is a Outcome_Physical, fasting glucose is a Outcome_Physical, insulin sensitivity is a Outcome_Physical, Endothelial function is a Outcome_Physical, fasting serum glucose is a Outcome_Physical, serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol is a Outcome_Physical, plasma A1C is a Outcome_Physical, cardiac risk is a Outcome_Physical	42469_task0	Sentence: Effects of walnut consumption on endothelial function in type 2 diabetic subjects : a randomized controlled crossover trial . OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of daily walnut consumption on endothelial function , cardiovascular biomarkers , and anthropometric measures in type 2 diabetic individuals . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was a randomized , controlled , single-blind , crossover trial . Twenty-four participants with type 2 diabetes ( mean age 58 years ; 14 women and 10 men ) were randomly assigned to one of the two possible sequence permutations to receive an ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts/day and an ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks . Subjects underwent endothelial function testing ( measured as flow-mediated dilatation [ FMD ] ) and assessment of cardiovascular biomarkers before and after each 8-week treatment phase . The primary outcome measure was the change in FMD after 8 weeks . Secondary outcome measures included changes in plasma lipids , A1C , fasting glucose , insulin sensitivity , and anthropometric measures . RESULTS Endothelial function significantly improved after consumption of a walnut-enriched ad libitum diet compared with that after consumption of an ad libitum diet without walnuts ( 2.2 +/- 1.7 vs. 1.2 +/- 1.6 % ; P = 0.04 ) . The walnut-enriched diet increased fasting serum glucose and lowered serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol from baseline ( 10.0 +/- 20.5 mg/dl , P = 0.04 ; -9.7 +/- 14.5 mg/dl , P < 0.01 ; and -7.7 +/- 10 mg/dl , P < 0.01 , respectively ) , although these changes were not significant compared with those for an ad libitum diet without walnuts . There were no significant changes in anthropometric measures , plasma A1C , and insulin sensitivity . CONCLUSIONS A walnut-enriched ad libitum diet improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in type 2 diabetic individuals , suggesting a potential reduction in overall cardiac risk . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Participant_Sex, Intervention_Control, Participant_Age, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size	[ "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "B-Participant_Sex", "I-Participant_Sex", "I-Participant_Sex", "I-Participant_Sex", "I-Participant_Sex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O" ]	Effects of walnut consumption on endothelial function in type 2 diabetic subjects : a randomized controlled crossover trial . OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of daily walnut consumption on endothelial function , cardiovascular biomarkers , and anthropometric measures in type 2 diabetic individuals . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was a randomized , controlled , single-blind , crossover trial . Twenty-four participants with type 2 diabetes ( mean age 58 years ; 14 women and 10 men ) were randomly assigned to one of the two possible sequence permutations to receive an ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts/day and an ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks . Subjects underwent endothelial function testing ( measured as flow-mediated dilatation [ FMD ] ) and assessment of cardiovascular biomarkers before and after each 8-week treatment phase . The primary outcome measure was the change in FMD after 8 weeks . Secondary outcome measures included changes in plasma lipids , A1C , fasting glucose , insulin sensitivity , and anthropometric measures . RESULTS Endothelial function significantly improved after consumption of a walnut-enriched ad libitum diet compared with that after consumption of an ad libitum diet without walnuts ( 2.2 +/- 1.7 vs. 1.2 +/- 1.6 % ; P = 0.04 ) . The walnut-enriched diet increased fasting serum glucose and lowered serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol from baseline ( 10.0 +/- 20.5 mg/dl , P = 0.04 ; -9.7 +/- 14.5 mg/dl , P < 0.01 ; and -7.7 +/- 10 mg/dl , P < 0.01 , respectively ) , although these changes were not significant compared with those for an ad libitum diet without walnuts . There were no significant changes in anthropometric measures , plasma A1C , and insulin sensitivity . CONCLUSIONS A walnut-enriched ad libitum diet improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in type 2 diabetic individuals , suggesting a potential reduction in overall cardiac risk .	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walnut consumption is a Intervention_Pharmacological, endothelial function is a Outcome_Physical, type 2 diabetic is a Participant_Condition, cardiovascular biomarkers is a Outcome_Physical, anthropometric measures is a Outcome_Physical, Twenty - four is a Participant_Sample-size, type 2 diabetes is a Participant_Condition, mean age 58 years is a Participant_Age, 14 women and 10 men is a Participant_Sex, ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts / day is a Intervention_Pharmacological, ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks is a Intervention_Control, endothelial function testing is a Intervention_Physical, change in FMD is a Outcome_Physical, changes in plasma lipids , A1C is a Outcome_Physical, fasting glucose is a Outcome_Physical, insulin sensitivity is a Outcome_Physical, Endothelial function is a Outcome_Physical, fasting serum glucose is a Outcome_Physical, serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol is a Outcome_Physical, plasma A1C is a Outcome_Physical, cardiac risk is a Outcome_Physical	42469_task1	Sentence: Effects of walnut consumption on endothelial function in type 2 diabetic subjects : a randomized controlled crossover trial . OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of daily walnut consumption on endothelial function , cardiovascular biomarkers , and anthropometric measures in type 2 diabetic individuals . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was a randomized , controlled , single-blind , crossover trial . Twenty-four participants with type 2 diabetes ( mean age 58 years ; 14 women and 10 men ) were randomly assigned to one of the two possible sequence permutations to receive an ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts/day and an ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks . Subjects underwent endothelial function testing ( measured as flow-mediated dilatation [ FMD ] ) and assessment of cardiovascular biomarkers before and after each 8-week treatment phase . The primary outcome measure was the change in FMD after 8 weeks . Secondary outcome measures included changes in plasma lipids , A1C , fasting glucose , insulin sensitivity , and anthropometric measures . RESULTS Endothelial function significantly improved after consumption of a walnut-enriched ad libitum diet compared with that after consumption of an ad libitum diet without walnuts ( 2.2 +/- 1.7 vs. 1.2 +/- 1.6 % ; P = 0.04 ) . The walnut-enriched diet increased fasting serum glucose and lowered serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol from baseline ( 10.0 +/- 20.5 mg/dl , P = 0.04 ; -9.7 +/- 14.5 mg/dl , P < 0.01 ; and -7.7 +/- 10 mg/dl , P < 0.01 , respectively ) , although these changes were not significant compared with those for an ad libitum diet without walnuts . There were no significant changes in anthropometric measures , plasma A1C , and insulin sensitivity . CONCLUSIONS A walnut-enriched ad libitum diet improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in type 2 diabetic individuals , suggesting a potential reduction in overall cardiac risk . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: walnut consumption, endothelial function, type 2 diabetic, cardiovascular biomarkers, anthropometric measures, Twenty - four, type 2 diabetes, mean age 58 years, 14 women and 10 men, ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts / day, ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks, endothelial function testing, change in FMD, changes in plasma lipids , A1C, fasting glucose, insulin sensitivity, Endothelial function, fasting serum glucose, serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, plasma A1C, cardiac risk Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Participant_Sex, Intervention_Control, Participant_Age, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size	[ "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "B-Participant_Sex", "I-Participant_Sex", "I-Participant_Sex", "I-Participant_Sex", "I-Participant_Sex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O" ]	Effects of walnut consumption on endothelial function in type 2 diabetic subjects : a randomized controlled crossover trial . OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of daily walnut consumption on endothelial function , cardiovascular biomarkers , and anthropometric measures in type 2 diabetic individuals . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was a randomized , controlled , single-blind , crossover trial . Twenty-four participants with type 2 diabetes ( mean age 58 years ; 14 women and 10 men ) were randomly assigned to one of the two possible sequence permutations to receive an ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts/day and an ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks . Subjects underwent endothelial function testing ( measured as flow-mediated dilatation [ FMD ] ) and assessment of cardiovascular biomarkers before and after each 8-week treatment phase . The primary outcome measure was the change in FMD after 8 weeks . Secondary outcome measures included changes in plasma lipids , A1C , fasting glucose , insulin sensitivity , and anthropometric measures . RESULTS Endothelial function significantly improved after consumption of a walnut-enriched ad libitum diet compared with that after consumption of an ad libitum diet without walnuts ( 2.2 +/- 1.7 vs. 1.2 +/- 1.6 % ; P = 0.04 ) . The walnut-enriched diet increased fasting serum glucose and lowered serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol from baseline ( 10.0 +/- 20.5 mg/dl , P = 0.04 ; -9.7 +/- 14.5 mg/dl , P < 0.01 ; and -7.7 +/- 10 mg/dl , P < 0.01 , respectively ) , although these changes were not significant compared with those for an ad libitum diet without walnuts . There were no significant changes in anthropometric measures , plasma A1C , and insulin sensitivity . CONCLUSIONS A walnut-enriched ad libitum diet improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in type 2 diabetic individuals , suggesting a potential reduction in overall cardiac risk .	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walnut consumption, endothelial function, type 2 diabetic, cardiovascular biomarkers, anthropometric measures, Twenty - four, type 2 diabetes, mean age 58 years, 14 women and 10 men, ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts / day, ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks, endothelial function testing, change in FMD, changes in plasma lipids , A1C, fasting glucose, insulin sensitivity, Endothelial function, fasting serum glucose, serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, plasma A1C, cardiac risk	42469_task2	Sentence: Effects of walnut consumption on endothelial function in type 2 diabetic subjects : a randomized controlled crossover trial . OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of daily walnut consumption on endothelial function , cardiovascular biomarkers , and anthropometric measures in type 2 diabetic individuals . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was a randomized , controlled , single-blind , crossover trial . Twenty-four participants with type 2 diabetes ( mean age 58 years ; 14 women and 10 men ) were randomly assigned to one of the two possible sequence permutations to receive an ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts/day and an ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks . Subjects underwent endothelial function testing ( measured as flow-mediated dilatation [ FMD ] ) and assessment of cardiovascular biomarkers before and after each 8-week treatment phase . The primary outcome measure was the change in FMD after 8 weeks . Secondary outcome measures included changes in plasma lipids , A1C , fasting glucose , insulin sensitivity , and anthropometric measures . RESULTS Endothelial function significantly improved after consumption of a walnut-enriched ad libitum diet compared with that after consumption of an ad libitum diet without walnuts ( 2.2 +/- 1.7 vs. 1.2 +/- 1.6 % ; P = 0.04 ) . The walnut-enriched diet increased fasting serum glucose and lowered serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol from baseline ( 10.0 +/- 20.5 mg/dl , P = 0.04 ; -9.7 +/- 14.5 mg/dl , P < 0.01 ; and -7.7 +/- 10 mg/dl , P < 0.01 , respectively ) , although these changes were not significant compared with those for an ad libitum diet without walnuts . There were no significant changes in anthropometric measures , plasma A1C , and insulin sensitivity . CONCLUSIONS A walnut-enriched ad libitum diet improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in type 2 diabetic individuals , suggesting a potential reduction in overall cardiac risk . 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OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of daily walnut consumption on endothelial function , cardiovascular biomarkers , and anthropometric measures in type 2 diabetic individuals . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was a randomized , controlled , single-blind , crossover trial . Twenty-four participants with type 2 diabetes ( mean age 58 years ; 14 women and 10 men ) were randomly assigned to one of the two possible sequence permutations to receive an ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts/day and an ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks . Subjects underwent endothelial function testing ( measured as flow-mediated dilatation [ FMD ] ) and assessment of cardiovascular biomarkers before and after each 8-week treatment phase . The primary outcome measure was the change in FMD after 8 weeks . Secondary outcome measures included changes in plasma lipids , A1C , fasting glucose , insulin sensitivity , and anthropometric measures . RESULTS Endothelial function significantly improved after consumption of a walnut-enriched ad libitum diet compared with that after consumption of an ad libitum diet without walnuts ( 2.2 +/- 1.7 vs. 1.2 +/- 1.6 % ; P = 0.04 ) . The walnut-enriched diet increased fasting serum glucose and lowered serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol from baseline ( 10.0 +/- 20.5 mg/dl , P = 0.04 ; -9.7 +/- 14.5 mg/dl , P < 0.01 ; and -7.7 +/- 10 mg/dl , P < 0.01 , respectively ) , although these changes were not significant compared with those for an ad libitum diet without walnuts . There were no significant changes in anthropometric measures , plasma A1C , and insulin sensitivity . CONCLUSIONS A walnut-enriched ad libitum diet improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in type 2 diabetic individuals , suggesting a potential reduction in overall cardiac risk .	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acid sphingomyelinase is a Protein, acid sphingomyelinase is a Protein	591_task0	Sentence: Expression of recombinant human acid sphingomyelinase in insect Sf21 cells: purification, processing and enzymatic characterization. Biochemical and structural studies on human acid sphingomyelinase (haSMase) depend on the access to homogeneous biologically active enzyme. Due to the low abundance of native haSMase (n-haSMase) in human tissue, conventional purification strategies are not suitable for the isolation of preparative amounts of the enzyme. We describe a novel approach to the functional expression and purification of haSMase employing the baculovirus expression vector system. Infection of Spodoptera frugiperda 21 cells with recombinant baculovirus encoding haSMase leads to the expression of a glycosylated 75 kDa precursor protein, which is subsequently processed to an enzymatically active secreted 72 kDa haSMase. Variations in N-glycosylation and proteolytic maturation account for the difference in molecular mass between mature recombinant (72 kDa) and human placental haSMase (75 kDa). N-terminal amino acid sequencing of recombinant haSMase (r-haSMase) reveals a 23-residue N-terminal extension compared to the placental enzyme. The apparent K(m) and Vmax values for sphingomyelin degradation by r-haSMase in a micellar assay system are 32 microM and 0.56 mmol h-1 mg-1, respectively. In conclusion, the established baculovirus expression vector system provides an efficient tool for the expression and functional characterization of haSMase. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Expression of recombinant human acid sphingomyelinase in insect Sf21 cells: purification, processing and enzymatic characterization. Biochemical and structural studies on human acid sphingomyelinase (haSMase) depend on the access to homogeneous biologically active enzyme. Due to the low abundance of native haSMase (n-haSMase) in human tissue, conventional purification strategies are not suitable for the isolation of preparative amounts of the enzyme. We describe a novel approach to the functional expression and purification of haSMase employing the baculovirus expression vector system. Infection of Spodoptera frugiperda 21 cells with recombinant baculovirus encoding haSMase leads to the expression of a glycosylated 75 kDa precursor protein, which is subsequently processed to an enzymatically active secreted 72 kDa haSMase. Variations in N-glycosylation and proteolytic maturation account for the difference in molecular mass between mature recombinant (72 kDa) and human placental haSMase (75 kDa). N-terminal amino acid sequencing of recombinant haSMase (r-haSMase) reveals a 23-residue N-terminal extension compared to the placental enzyme. The apparent K(m) and Vmax values for sphingomyelin degradation by r-haSMase in a micellar assay system are 32 microM and 0.56 mmol h-1 mg-1, respectively. In conclusion, the established baculovirus expression vector system provides an efficient tool for the expression and functional characterization of haSMase.	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acid sphingomyelinase is a Protein, acid sphingomyelinase is a Protein	591_task1	Sentence: Expression of recombinant human acid sphingomyelinase in insect Sf21 cells: purification, processing and enzymatic characterization. Biochemical and structural studies on human acid sphingomyelinase (haSMase) depend on the access to homogeneous biologically active enzyme. Due to the low abundance of native haSMase (n-haSMase) in human tissue, conventional purification strategies are not suitable for the isolation of preparative amounts of the enzyme. We describe a novel approach to the functional expression and purification of haSMase employing the baculovirus expression vector system. Infection of Spodoptera frugiperda 21 cells with recombinant baculovirus encoding haSMase leads to the expression of a glycosylated 75 kDa precursor protein, which is subsequently processed to an enzymatically active secreted 72 kDa haSMase. Variations in N-glycosylation and proteolytic maturation account for the difference in molecular mass between mature recombinant (72 kDa) and human placental haSMase (75 kDa). N-terminal amino acid sequencing of recombinant haSMase (r-haSMase) reveals a 23-residue N-terminal extension compared to the placental enzyme. The apparent K(m) and Vmax values for sphingomyelin degradation by r-haSMase in a micellar assay system are 32 microM and 0.56 mmol h-1 mg-1, respectively. In conclusion, the established baculovirus expression vector system provides an efficient tool for the expression and functional characterization of haSMase. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: acid sphingomyelinase, acid sphingomyelinase Options: Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Expression of recombinant human acid sphingomyelinase in insect Sf21 cells: purification, processing and enzymatic characterization. Biochemical and structural studies on human acid sphingomyelinase (haSMase) depend on the access to homogeneous biologically active enzyme. Due to the low abundance of native haSMase (n-haSMase) in human tissue, conventional purification strategies are not suitable for the isolation of preparative amounts of the enzyme. We describe a novel approach to the functional expression and purification of haSMase employing the baculovirus expression vector system. Infection of Spodoptera frugiperda 21 cells with recombinant baculovirus encoding haSMase leads to the expression of a glycosylated 75 kDa precursor protein, which is subsequently processed to an enzymatically active secreted 72 kDa haSMase. Variations in N-glycosylation and proteolytic maturation account for the difference in molecular mass between mature recombinant (72 kDa) and human placental haSMase (75 kDa). N-terminal amino acid sequencing of recombinant haSMase (r-haSMase) reveals a 23-residue N-terminal extension compared to the placental enzyme. The apparent K(m) and Vmax values for sphingomyelin degradation by r-haSMase in a micellar assay system are 32 microM and 0.56 mmol h-1 mg-1, respectively. In conclusion, the established baculovirus expression vector system provides an efficient tool for the expression and functional characterization of haSMase.	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acid sphingomyelinase, acid sphingomyelinase	591_task2	Sentence: Expression of recombinant human acid sphingomyelinase in insect Sf21 cells: purification, processing and enzymatic characterization. Biochemical and structural studies on human acid sphingomyelinase (haSMase) depend on the access to homogeneous biologically active enzyme. Due to the low abundance of native haSMase (n-haSMase) in human tissue, conventional purification strategies are not suitable for the isolation of preparative amounts of the enzyme. We describe a novel approach to the functional expression and purification of haSMase employing the baculovirus expression vector system. Infection of Spodoptera frugiperda 21 cells with recombinant baculovirus encoding haSMase leads to the expression of a glycosylated 75 kDa precursor protein, which is subsequently processed to an enzymatically active secreted 72 kDa haSMase. Variations in N-glycosylation and proteolytic maturation account for the difference in molecular mass between mature recombinant (72 kDa) and human placental haSMase (75 kDa). N-terminal amino acid sequencing of recombinant haSMase (r-haSMase) reveals a 23-residue N-terminal extension compared to the placental enzyme. The apparent K(m) and Vmax values for sphingomyelin degradation by r-haSMase in a micellar assay system are 32 microM and 0.56 mmol h-1 mg-1, respectively. In conclusion, the established baculovirus expression vector system provides an efficient tool for the expression and functional characterization of haSMase. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Expression of recombinant human acid sphingomyelinase in insect Sf21 cells: purification, processing and enzymatic characterization. Biochemical and structural studies on human acid sphingomyelinase (haSMase) depend on the access to homogeneous biologically active enzyme. Due to the low abundance of native haSMase (n-haSMase) in human tissue, conventional purification strategies are not suitable for the isolation of preparative amounts of the enzyme. We describe a novel approach to the functional expression and purification of haSMase employing the baculovirus expression vector system. Infection of Spodoptera frugiperda 21 cells with recombinant baculovirus encoding haSMase leads to the expression of a glycosylated 75 kDa precursor protein, which is subsequently processed to an enzymatically active secreted 72 kDa haSMase. Variations in N-glycosylation and proteolytic maturation account for the difference in molecular mass between mature recombinant (72 kDa) and human placental haSMase (75 kDa). N-terminal amino acid sequencing of recombinant haSMase (r-haSMase) reveals a 23-residue N-terminal extension compared to the placental enzyme. The apparent K(m) and Vmax values for sphingomyelin degradation by r-haSMase in a micellar assay system are 32 microM and 0.56 mmol h-1 mg-1, respectively. In conclusion, the established baculovirus expression vector system provides an efficient tool for the expression and functional characterization of haSMase.	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Schilddruesentumor is an umlsterm, Schilddruesenkarzinom is an umlsterm, Anaemieabklaerung is an umlsterm, Leiomyosarkom is an umlsterm, Duodenopankreatektomie is an umlsterm, Beurteilung is an umlsterm, Primaerhistologie is an umlsterm, Diagnose is an umlsterm, Schilddruesentumors is an umlsterm, Leiomyosarkom is an umlsterm, Autopsiebefunde is an umlsterm, Tumorleidens is an umlsterm, Schilddruesenmetastase is an umlsterm, Sarkom is an umlsterm	DerPathologe.40150303.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Bei einer 69 jaehrigen Patientin wurde ein 5 cm grosser , maessig pleomorpher spindelzelliger Schilddruesentumor zunaechst als primaeres anaplastisches Schilddruesenkarzinom verkannt . Erst im Rahmen einer 17 Monate spaeter durchgefuehrten Anaemieabklaerung wurde ein 7 cm durchmessendes duodenales Leiomyosarkom entdeckt und mittels Duodenopankreatektomie reseziert . Die erneute Beurteilung der Primaerhistologie fuehrte zur Revision der initialen Diagnose und zur Einstufung des Schilddruesentumors als metastatisches Leiomyosarkom . Die Patientin verstarb weitere 6 Monate spaeter an einem apoplektischen Insult . Die Autopsiebefunde bestaetigten die Einschaetzung des Tumorleidens als ein initial durch die Schilddruesenmetastase manifest gewordenes intestinales Sarkom . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Bei einer 69 jaehrigen Patientin wurde ein 5 cm grosser , maessig pleomorpher spindelzelliger Schilddruesentumor zunaechst als primaeres anaplastisches Schilddruesenkarzinom verkannt . Erst im Rahmen einer 17 Monate spaeter durchgefuehrten Anaemieabklaerung wurde ein 7 cm durchmessendes duodenales Leiomyosarkom entdeckt und mittels Duodenopankreatektomie reseziert . Die erneute Beurteilung der Primaerhistologie fuehrte zur Revision der initialen Diagnose und zur Einstufung des Schilddruesentumors als metastatisches Leiomyosarkom . Die Patientin verstarb weitere 6 Monate spaeter an einem apoplektischen Insult . Die Autopsiebefunde bestaetigten die Einschaetzung des Tumorleidens als ein initial durch die Schilddruesenmetastase manifest gewordenes intestinales Sarkom .	[ "Bei", "einer", "69", "jaehrigen", "Patientin", "wurde", "ein", "5", "cm", "grosser", ",", "maessig", "pleomorpher", "spindelzelliger", "Schilddruesentumor", "zunaechst", "als", "primaeres", "anaplastisches", "Schilddruesenkarzinom", "verkannt", ".", "Erst", "im", "Rahmen", "einer", "17", "Monate", "spaeter", "durchgefuehrten", "Anaemieabklaerung", "wurde", "ein", "7", "cm", "durchmessendes", "duodenales", "Leiomyosarkom", "entdeckt", "und", "mittels", "Duodenopankreatektomie", "reseziert", ".", "Die", "erneute", "Beurteilung", "der", "Primaerhistologie", "fuehrte", "zur", "Revision", "der", "initialen", "Diagnose", "und", "zur", "Einstufung", "des", "Schilddruesentumors", "als", "metastatisches", "Leiomyosarkom", ".", "Die", "Patientin", "verstarb", "weitere", "6", "Monate", "spaeter", "an", "einem", "apoplektischen", "Insult", ".", "Die", "Autopsiebefunde", "bestaetigten", "die", "Einschaetzung", "des", "Tumorleidens", "als", "ein", "initial", "durch", "die", "Schilddruesenmetastase", "manifest", "gewordenes", "intestinales", "Sarkom", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Schilddruesentumor is an umlsterm, Schilddruesenkarzinom is an umlsterm, Anaemieabklaerung is an umlsterm, Leiomyosarkom is an umlsterm, Duodenopankreatektomie is an umlsterm, Beurteilung is an umlsterm, Primaerhistologie is an umlsterm, Diagnose is an umlsterm, Schilddruesentumors is an umlsterm, Leiomyosarkom is an umlsterm, Autopsiebefunde is an umlsterm, Tumorleidens is an umlsterm, Schilddruesenmetastase is an umlsterm, Sarkom is an umlsterm	DerPathologe.40150303.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Bei einer 69 jaehrigen Patientin wurde ein 5 cm grosser , maessig pleomorpher spindelzelliger Schilddruesentumor zunaechst als primaeres anaplastisches Schilddruesenkarzinom verkannt . Erst im Rahmen einer 17 Monate spaeter durchgefuehrten Anaemieabklaerung wurde ein 7 cm durchmessendes duodenales Leiomyosarkom entdeckt und mittels Duodenopankreatektomie reseziert . Die erneute Beurteilung der Primaerhistologie fuehrte zur Revision der initialen Diagnose und zur Einstufung des Schilddruesentumors als metastatisches Leiomyosarkom . Die Patientin verstarb weitere 6 Monate spaeter an einem apoplektischen Insult . Die Autopsiebefunde bestaetigten die Einschaetzung des Tumorleidens als ein initial durch die Schilddruesenmetastase manifest gewordenes intestinales Sarkom . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Schilddruesentumor, Schilddruesenkarzinom, Anaemieabklaerung, Leiomyosarkom, Duodenopankreatektomie, Beurteilung, Primaerhistologie, Diagnose, Schilddruesentumors, Leiomyosarkom, Autopsiebefunde, Tumorleidens, Schilddruesenmetastase, Sarkom Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Bei einer 69 jaehrigen Patientin wurde ein 5 cm grosser , maessig pleomorpher spindelzelliger Schilddruesentumor zunaechst als primaeres anaplastisches Schilddruesenkarzinom verkannt . Erst im Rahmen einer 17 Monate spaeter durchgefuehrten Anaemieabklaerung wurde ein 7 cm durchmessendes duodenales Leiomyosarkom entdeckt und mittels Duodenopankreatektomie reseziert . Die erneute Beurteilung der Primaerhistologie fuehrte zur Revision der initialen Diagnose und zur Einstufung des Schilddruesentumors als metastatisches Leiomyosarkom . Die Patientin verstarb weitere 6 Monate spaeter an einem apoplektischen Insult . Die Autopsiebefunde bestaetigten die Einschaetzung des Tumorleidens als ein initial durch die Schilddruesenmetastase manifest gewordenes intestinales Sarkom .	[ "Bei", "einer", "69", "jaehrigen", "Patientin", "wurde", "ein", "5", "cm", "grosser", ",", "maessig", "pleomorpher", "spindelzelliger", "Schilddruesentumor", "zunaechst", "als", "primaeres", "anaplastisches", "Schilddruesenkarzinom", "verkannt", ".", "Erst", "im", "Rahmen", "einer", "17", "Monate", "spaeter", "durchgefuehrten", "Anaemieabklaerung", "wurde", "ein", "7", "cm", "durchmessendes", "duodenales", "Leiomyosarkom", "entdeckt", "und", "mittels", "Duodenopankreatektomie", "reseziert", ".", "Die", "erneute", "Beurteilung", "der", "Primaerhistologie", "fuehrte", "zur", "Revision", "der", "initialen", "Diagnose", "und", "zur", "Einstufung", "des", "Schilddruesentumors", "als", "metastatisches", "Leiomyosarkom", ".", "Die", "Patientin", "verstarb", "weitere", "6", "Monate", "spaeter", "an", "einem", "apoplektischen", "Insult", ".", "Die", "Autopsiebefunde", "bestaetigten", "die", "Einschaetzung", "des", "Tumorleidens", "als", "ein", "initial", "durch", "die", "Schilddruesenmetastase", "manifest", "gewordenes", "intestinales", "Sarkom", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Schilddruesentumor, Schilddruesenkarzinom, Anaemieabklaerung, Leiomyosarkom, Duodenopankreatektomie, Beurteilung, Primaerhistologie, Diagnose, Schilddruesentumors, Leiomyosarkom, Autopsiebefunde, Tumorleidens, Schilddruesenmetastase, Sarkom	DerPathologe.40150303.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Bei einer 69 jaehrigen Patientin wurde ein 5 cm grosser , maessig pleomorpher spindelzelliger Schilddruesentumor zunaechst als primaeres anaplastisches Schilddruesenkarzinom verkannt . Erst im Rahmen einer 17 Monate spaeter durchgefuehrten Anaemieabklaerung wurde ein 7 cm durchmessendes duodenales Leiomyosarkom entdeckt und mittels Duodenopankreatektomie reseziert . Die erneute Beurteilung der Primaerhistologie fuehrte zur Revision der initialen Diagnose und zur Einstufung des Schilddruesentumors als metastatisches Leiomyosarkom . Die Patientin verstarb weitere 6 Monate spaeter an einem apoplektischen Insult . Die Autopsiebefunde bestaetigten die Einschaetzung des Tumorleidens als ein initial durch die Schilddruesenmetastase manifest gewordenes intestinales Sarkom . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Bei einer 69 jaehrigen Patientin wurde ein 5 cm grosser , maessig pleomorpher spindelzelliger Schilddruesentumor zunaechst als primaeres anaplastisches Schilddruesenkarzinom verkannt . Erst im Rahmen einer 17 Monate spaeter durchgefuehrten Anaemieabklaerung wurde ein 7 cm durchmessendes duodenales Leiomyosarkom entdeckt und mittels Duodenopankreatektomie reseziert . Die erneute Beurteilung der Primaerhistologie fuehrte zur Revision der initialen Diagnose und zur Einstufung des Schilddruesentumors als metastatisches Leiomyosarkom . Die Patientin verstarb weitere 6 Monate spaeter an einem apoplektischen Insult . Die Autopsiebefunde bestaetigten die Einschaetzung des Tumorleidens als ein initial durch die Schilddruesenmetastase manifest gewordenes intestinales Sarkom .	[ "Bei", "einer", "69", "jaehrigen", "Patientin", "wurde", "ein", "5", "cm", "grosser", ",", "maessig", "pleomorpher", "spindelzelliger", "Schilddruesentumor", "zunaechst", "als", "primaeres", "anaplastisches", "Schilddruesenkarzinom", "verkannt", ".", "Erst", "im", "Rahmen", "einer", "17", "Monate", "spaeter", "durchgefuehrten", "Anaemieabklaerung", "wurde", "ein", "7", "cm", "durchmessendes", "duodenales", "Leiomyosarkom", "entdeckt", "und", "mittels", "Duodenopankreatektomie", "reseziert", ".", "Die", "erneute", "Beurteilung", "der", "Primaerhistologie", "fuehrte", "zur", "Revision", "der", "initialen", "Diagnose", "und", "zur", "Einstufung", "des", "Schilddruesentumors", "als", "metastatisches", "Leiomyosarkom", ".", "Die", "Patientin", "verstarb", "weitere", "6", "Monate", "spaeter", "an", "einem", "apoplektischen", "Insult", ".", "Die", "Autopsiebefunde", "bestaetigten", "die", "Einschaetzung", "des", "Tumorleidens", "als", "ein", "initial", "durch", "die", "Schilddruesenmetastase", "manifest", "gewordenes", "intestinales", "Sarkom", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
School districts that are too difficult to reach is a Visit, more than a 3-hour is a Value, walk from the farthest place reachable by a four - wheel drive vehicle is a Measurement, School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area is a Visit, residing is a Observation, near to the well sites is a Visit	NCT02754583_exc_task0	Sentence: School districts that are too difficult to reach (more than a 3-hour walk from the farthest place reachable by a four-wheel drive vehicle) School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area Refusal of village chief All residents residing near to the well sites that are randomly selected for this study. Refusal of participant [or parent/guardian] Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Measurement, Observation, Visit, Value	[ "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "O", "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	School districts that are too difficult to reach (more than a 3-hour walk from the farthest place reachable by a four-wheel drive vehicle) School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area Refusal of village chief All residents residing near to the well sites that are randomly selected for this study. Refusal of participant [or parent/guardian]	[ "School", "districts", "that", "are", "too", "difficult", "to", "reach", "(", "more", "than", "a", "3-hour", "walk", "from", "the", "farthest", "place", "reachable", "by", "a", "four", "-", "wheel", "drive", "vehicle", ")", "\n", "School", "districts", "in", "the", "2", "urban", "regions", "of", "the", "study", "area", "\n", "Refusal", "of", "village", "chief", "\n", "All", "residents", "residing", "near", "to", "the", "well", "sites", "that", "are", "randomly", "selected", "for", "this", "study", ".", "\n", "Refusal", "of", "participant", "[", "or", "parent", "/", "guardian", "]", "\n" ]	[ "Measurement", "Visit", "Value", "Observation" ]
School districts that are too difficult to reach is a Visit, more than a 3-hour is a Value, walk from the farthest place reachable by a four - wheel drive vehicle is a Measurement, School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area is a Visit, residing is a Observation, near to the well sites is a Visit	NCT02754583_exc_task1	Sentence: School districts that are too difficult to reach (more than a 3-hour walk from the farthest place reachable by a four-wheel drive vehicle) School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area Refusal of village chief All residents residing near to the well sites that are randomly selected for this study. Refusal of participant [or parent/guardian] Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: School districts that are too difficult to reach, more than a 3-hour, walk from the farthest place reachable by a four - wheel drive vehicle, School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area, residing, near to the well sites Options: Measurement, Observation, Visit, Value	[ "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "O", "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	School districts that are too difficult to reach (more than a 3-hour walk from the farthest place reachable by a four-wheel drive vehicle) School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area Refusal of village chief All residents residing near to the well sites that are randomly selected for this study. Refusal of participant [or parent/guardian]	[ "School", "districts", "that", "are", "too", "difficult", "to", "reach", "(", "more", "than", "a", "3-hour", "walk", "from", "the", "farthest", "place", "reachable", "by", "a", "four", "-", "wheel", "drive", "vehicle", ")", "\n", "School", "districts", "in", "the", "2", "urban", "regions", "of", "the", "study", "area", "\n", "Refusal", "of", "village", "chief", "\n", "All", "residents", "residing", "near", "to", "the", "well", "sites", "that", "are", "randomly", "selected", "for", "this", "study", ".", "\n", "Refusal", "of", "participant", "[", "or", "parent", "/", "guardian", "]", "\n" ]	[ "Measurement", "Visit", "Value", "Observation" ]
School districts that are too difficult to reach, more than a 3-hour, walk from the farthest place reachable by a four - wheel drive vehicle, School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area, residing, near to the well sites	NCT02754583_exc_task2	Sentence: School districts that are too difficult to reach (more than a 3-hour walk from the farthest place reachable by a four-wheel drive vehicle) School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area Refusal of village chief All residents residing near to the well sites that are randomly selected for this study. Refusal of participant [or parent/guardian] Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "O", "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	School districts that are too difficult to reach (more than a 3-hour walk from the farthest place reachable by a four-wheel drive vehicle) School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area Refusal of village chief All residents residing near to the well sites that are randomly selected for this study. Refusal of participant [or parent/guardian]	[ "School", "districts", "that", "are", "too", "difficult", "to", "reach", "(", "more", "than", "a", "3-hour", "walk", "from", "the", "farthest", "place", "reachable", "by", "a", "four", "-", "wheel", "drive", "vehicle", ")", "\n", "School", "districts", "in", "the", "2", "urban", "regions", "of", "the", "study", "area", "\n", "Refusal", "of", "village", "chief", "\n", "All", "residents", "residing", "near", "to", "the", "well", "sites", "that", "are", "randomly", "selected", "for", "this", "study", ".", "\n", "Refusal", "of", "participant", "[", "or", "parent", "/", "guardian", "]", "\n" ]	[ "Measurement", "Visit", "Value", "Observation" ]
nephritis is a DISEASE, Lupus nephritis is a DISEASE, LN is a DISEASE, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a DISEASE, SLE is a DISEASE, renal failure is a DISEASE, SLE is a DISEASE, SLE is a DISEASE, SLE is a DISEASE, nephritis is a DISEASE	example-144_task0	Sentence: Novel therapies in lupus - focus on nephritis. Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the major complications of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and its treatment remains a challenge. Although the classical and widely used immunosuppressive agents have accounted for a significant improvement in the survival and decreased the progression to end-stage renal failure they lack selectivity for the underlying immune dysregulation. In addition the toxicity related to their use and the relapses after treatment are of major concern not least because of the adverse effect on the prognosis of the patients with SLE who have kidney involvement. The development of more specific pharmacological agents for patients with SLE is still a major research goal. Ideally these agents should provide a better long-term prognosis for SLE patients and be less toxic. In this review we summarise the mechanism of action and the results obtained with a variety of drugs that have recently been utilized in the treatment of patients with lupus especially those with nephritis. We discuss the clinical usefulness of B- -cell depletion principally anti-CD20 antibodies blockage of co-stimulatory pathways (anti-CD40 ligand antibody CTLA4Ig) the induction of immune tolerance (LJP 394 peptide specific vaccination) and therapy targeting cytokines (anti-IL10 antibody BLyS blockage) and the complement system (anti-C5 antibody). Immunoablative doses of Cyclophosphamide (CyC) with or without Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) and the possibilities of gene therapy are also reviewed. The use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and plasmapheresis are not discussed because these treatments have been used in clinical practice for several years. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: DISEASE	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Novel therapies in lupus - focus on nephritis. Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the major complications of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and its treatment remains a challenge. Although the classical and widely used immunosuppressive agents have accounted for a significant improvement in the survival and decreased the progression to end-stage renal failure they lack selectivity for the underlying immune dysregulation. In addition the toxicity related to their use and the relapses after treatment are of major concern not least because of the adverse effect on the prognosis of the patients with SLE who have kidney involvement. The development of more specific pharmacological agents for patients with SLE is still a major research goal. Ideally these agents should provide a better long-term prognosis for SLE patients and be less toxic. In this review we summarise the mechanism of action and the results obtained with a variety of drugs that have recently been utilized in the treatment of patients with lupus especially those with nephritis. We discuss the clinical usefulness of B- -cell depletion principally anti-CD20 antibodies blockage of co-stimulatory pathways (anti-CD40 ligand antibody CTLA4Ig) the induction of immune tolerance (LJP 394 peptide specific vaccination) and therapy targeting cytokines (anti-IL10 antibody BLyS blockage) and the complement system (anti-C5 antibody). Immunoablative doses of Cyclophosphamide (CyC) with or without Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) and the possibilities of gene therapy are also reviewed. The use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and plasmapheresis are not discussed because these treatments have been used in clinical practice for several years.	[ "Novel", "therapies", "in", "lupus", "-", "focus", "on", "nephritis", ".", " ", "Lupus", "nephritis", "(", "LN", ")", "is", "one", "of", "the", "major", "complications", "of", "Systemic", "Lupus", "Erythematosus", "(", "SLE", ")", "and", "its", "treatment", "remains", "a", "challenge", ".", "Although", "the", "classical", "and", "widely", "used", "immunosuppressive", "agents", "have", "accounted", "for", "a", "significant", "improvement", "in", "the", "survival", "and", "decreased", "the", "progression", "to", "end", "-", "stage", "renal", "failure", "they", "lack", "selectivity", "for", "the", "underlying", "immune", "dysregulation", ".", "In", "addition", "the", "toxicity", "related", "to", "their", "use", "and", "the", "relapses", "after", "treatment", "are", "of", "major", "concern", "not", "least", "because", "of", "the", "adverse", "effect", "on", "the", "prognosis", "of", "the", "patients", "with", "SLE", "who", "have", "kidney", "involvement", ".", "The", "development", "of", "more", "specific", "pharmacological", "agents", "for", "patients", "with", "SLE", "is", "still", "a", "major", "research", "goal", ".", "Ideally", "these", "agents", "should", "provide", "a", "better", "long", "-", "term", "prognosis", "for", "SLE", "patients", "and", "be", "less", "toxic", ".", "In", "this", "review", "we", "summarise", "the", "mechanism", "of", "action", "and", "the", "results", "obtained", "with", "a", "variety", "of", "drugs", "that", "have", "recently", "been", "utilized", "in", "the", "treatment", "of", "patients", "with", "lupus", "especially", "those", "with", "nephritis", ".", "We", "discuss", "the", "clinical", "usefulness", "of", "B-", "-cell", "depletion", "principally", "anti", "-", "CD20", "antibodies", "blockage", "of", "co", "-", "stimulatory", "pathways", "(", "anti", "-", "CD40", "ligand", "antibody", "CTLA4Ig", ")", "the", "induction", "of", "immune", "tolerance", "(", "LJP", "394", "peptide", "specific", "vaccination", ")", "and", "therapy", "targeting", "cytokines", "(", "anti", "-", "IL10", "antibody", "BLyS", "blockage", ")", "and", "the", "complement", "system", "(", "anti", "-", "C5", "antibody", ")", ".", "Immunoablative", "doses", "of", "Cyclophosphamide", "(", "CyC", ")", "with", "or", "without", "Haematopoietic", "Stem", "Cell", "Transplantation", "(", "HSCT", ")", "and", "the", "possibilities", "of", "gene", "therapy", "are", "also", "reviewed", ".", "The", "use", "of", "intravenous", "immunoglobulin", "(", "IVIg", ")", "and", "plasmapheresis", "are", "not", "discussed", "because", "these", "treatments", "have", "been", "used", "in", "clinical", "practice", "for", "several", "years", "." ]	[ "DISEASE" ]
nephritis is a DISEASE, Lupus nephritis is a DISEASE, LN is a DISEASE, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a DISEASE, SLE is a DISEASE, renal failure is a DISEASE, SLE is a DISEASE, SLE is a DISEASE, SLE is a DISEASE, nephritis is a DISEASE	example-144_task1	Sentence: Novel therapies in lupus - focus on nephritis. Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the major complications of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and its treatment remains a challenge. Although the classical and widely used immunosuppressive agents have accounted for a significant improvement in the survival and decreased the progression to end-stage renal failure they lack selectivity for the underlying immune dysregulation. In addition the toxicity related to their use and the relapses after treatment are of major concern not least because of the adverse effect on the prognosis of the patients with SLE who have kidney involvement. The development of more specific pharmacological agents for patients with SLE is still a major research goal. Ideally these agents should provide a better long-term prognosis for SLE patients and be less toxic. In this review we summarise the mechanism of action and the results obtained with a variety of drugs that have recently been utilized in the treatment of patients with lupus especially those with nephritis. We discuss the clinical usefulness of B- -cell depletion principally anti-CD20 antibodies blockage of co-stimulatory pathways (anti-CD40 ligand antibody CTLA4Ig) the induction of immune tolerance (LJP 394 peptide specific vaccination) and therapy targeting cytokines (anti-IL10 antibody BLyS blockage) and the complement system (anti-C5 antibody). Immunoablative doses of Cyclophosphamide (CyC) with or without Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) and the possibilities of gene therapy are also reviewed. The use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and plasmapheresis are not discussed because these treatments have been used in clinical practice for several years. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: nephritis, Lupus nephritis, LN, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, SLE, renal failure, SLE, SLE, SLE, nephritis Options: DISEASE	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Novel therapies in lupus - focus on nephritis. Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the major complications of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and its treatment remains a challenge. Although the classical and widely used immunosuppressive agents have accounted for a significant improvement in the survival and decreased the progression to end-stage renal failure they lack selectivity for the underlying immune dysregulation. In addition the toxicity related to their use and the relapses after treatment are of major concern not least because of the adverse effect on the prognosis of the patients with SLE who have kidney involvement. The development of more specific pharmacological agents for patients with SLE is still a major research goal. Ideally these agents should provide a better long-term prognosis for SLE patients and be less toxic. In this review we summarise the mechanism of action and the results obtained with a variety of drugs that have recently been utilized in the treatment of patients with lupus especially those with nephritis. We discuss the clinical usefulness of B- -cell depletion principally anti-CD20 antibodies blockage of co-stimulatory pathways (anti-CD40 ligand antibody CTLA4Ig) the induction of immune tolerance (LJP 394 peptide specific vaccination) and therapy targeting cytokines (anti-IL10 antibody BLyS blockage) and the complement system (anti-C5 antibody). Immunoablative doses of Cyclophosphamide (CyC) with or without Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) and the possibilities of gene therapy are also reviewed. The use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and plasmapheresis are not discussed because these treatments have been used in clinical practice for several years.	[ "Novel", "therapies", "in", "lupus", "-", "focus", "on", "nephritis", ".", " ", "Lupus", "nephritis", "(", "LN", ")", "is", "one", "of", "the", "major", "complications", "of", "Systemic", "Lupus", "Erythematosus", "(", "SLE", ")", "and", "its", "treatment", "remains", "a", "challenge", ".", "Although", "the", "classical", "and", "widely", "used", "immunosuppressive", "agents", "have", "accounted", "for", "a", "significant", "improvement", "in", "the", "survival", "and", "decreased", "the", "progression", "to", "end", "-", "stage", "renal", "failure", "they", "lack", "selectivity", "for", "the", "underlying", "immune", "dysregulation", ".", "In", "addition", "the", "toxicity", "related", "to", "their", "use", "and", "the", "relapses", "after", "treatment", "are", "of", "major", "concern", "not", "least", "because", "of", "the", "adverse", "effect", "on", "the", "prognosis", "of", "the", "patients", "with", "SLE", "who", "have", "kidney", "involvement", ".", "The", "development", "of", "more", "specific", "pharmacological", "agents", "for", "patients", "with", "SLE", "is", "still", "a", "major", "research", "goal", ".", "Ideally", "these", "agents", "should", "provide", "a", "better", "long", "-", "term", "prognosis", "for", "SLE", "patients", "and", "be", "less", "toxic", ".", "In", "this", "review", "we", "summarise", "the", "mechanism", "of", "action", "and", "the", "results", "obtained", "with", "a", "variety", "of", "drugs", "that", "have", "recently", "been", "utilized", "in", "the", "treatment", "of", "patients", "with", "lupus", "especially", "those", "with", "nephritis", ".", "We", "discuss", "the", "clinical", "usefulness", "of", "B-", "-cell", "depletion", "principally", "anti", "-", "CD20", "antibodies", "blockage", "of", "co", "-", "stimulatory", "pathways", "(", "anti", "-", "CD40", "ligand", "antibody", "CTLA4Ig", ")", "the", "induction", "of", "immune", "tolerance", "(", "LJP", "394", "peptide", "specific", "vaccination", ")", "and", "therapy", "targeting", "cytokines", "(", "anti", "-", "IL10", "antibody", "BLyS", "blockage", ")", "and", "the", "complement", "system", "(", "anti", "-", "C5", "antibody", ")", ".", "Immunoablative", "doses", "of", "Cyclophosphamide", "(", "CyC", ")", "with", "or", "without", "Haematopoietic", "Stem", "Cell", "Transplantation", "(", "HSCT", ")", "and", "the", "possibilities", "of", "gene", "therapy", "are", "also", "reviewed", ".", "The", "use", "of", "intravenous", "immunoglobulin", "(", "IVIg", ")", "and", "plasmapheresis", "are", "not", "discussed", "because", "these", "treatments", "have", "been", "used", "in", "clinical", "practice", "for", "several", "years", "." ]	[ "DISEASE" ]
nephritis, Lupus nephritis, LN, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, SLE, renal failure, SLE, SLE, SLE, nephritis	example-144_task2	Sentence: Novel therapies in lupus - focus on nephritis. Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the major complications of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and its treatment remains a challenge. Although the classical and widely used immunosuppressive agents have accounted for a significant improvement in the survival and decreased the progression to end-stage renal failure they lack selectivity for the underlying immune dysregulation. In addition the toxicity related to their use and the relapses after treatment are of major concern not least because of the adverse effect on the prognosis of the patients with SLE who have kidney involvement. The development of more specific pharmacological agents for patients with SLE is still a major research goal. Ideally these agents should provide a better long-term prognosis for SLE patients and be less toxic. In this review we summarise the mechanism of action and the results obtained with a variety of drugs that have recently been utilized in the treatment of patients with lupus especially those with nephritis. We discuss the clinical usefulness of B- -cell depletion principally anti-CD20 antibodies blockage of co-stimulatory pathways (anti-CD40 ligand antibody CTLA4Ig) the induction of immune tolerance (LJP 394 peptide specific vaccination) and therapy targeting cytokines (anti-IL10 antibody BLyS blockage) and the complement system (anti-C5 antibody). Immunoablative doses of Cyclophosphamide (CyC) with or without Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) and the possibilities of gene therapy are also reviewed. The use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and plasmapheresis are not discussed because these treatments have been used in clinical practice for several years. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Novel therapies in lupus - focus on nephritis. Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the major complications of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and its treatment remains a challenge. Although the classical and widely used immunosuppressive agents have accounted for a significant improvement in the survival and decreased the progression to end-stage renal failure they lack selectivity for the underlying immune dysregulation. In addition the toxicity related to their use and the relapses after treatment are of major concern not least because of the adverse effect on the prognosis of the patients with SLE who have kidney involvement. The development of more specific pharmacological agents for patients with SLE is still a major research goal. Ideally these agents should provide a better long-term prognosis for SLE patients and be less toxic. In this review we summarise the mechanism of action and the results obtained with a variety of drugs that have recently been utilized in the treatment of patients with lupus especially those with nephritis. We discuss the clinical usefulness of B- -cell depletion principally anti-CD20 antibodies blockage of co-stimulatory pathways (anti-CD40 ligand antibody CTLA4Ig) the induction of immune tolerance (LJP 394 peptide specific vaccination) and therapy targeting cytokines (anti-IL10 antibody BLyS blockage) and the complement system (anti-C5 antibody). Immunoablative doses of Cyclophosphamide (CyC) with or without Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) and the possibilities of gene therapy are also reviewed. The use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and plasmapheresis are not discussed because these treatments have been used in clinical practice for several years.	[ "Novel", "therapies", "in", "lupus", "-", "focus", "on", "nephritis", ".", " ", "Lupus", "nephritis", "(", "LN", ")", "is", "one", "of", "the", "major", "complications", "of", "Systemic", "Lupus", "Erythematosus", "(", "SLE", ")", "and", "its", "treatment", "remains", "a", "challenge", ".", "Although", "the", "classical", "and", "widely", "used", "immunosuppressive", "agents", "have", "accounted", "for", "a", "significant", "improvement", "in", "the", "survival", "and", "decreased", "the", "progression", "to", "end", "-", "stage", "renal", "failure", "they", "lack", "selectivity", "for", "the", "underlying", "immune", "dysregulation", ".", "In", "addition", "the", "toxicity", "related", "to", "their", "use", "and", "the", "relapses", "after", "treatment", "are", "of", "major", "concern", "not", "least", "because", "of", "the", "adverse", "effect", "on", "the", "prognosis", "of", "the", "patients", "with", "SLE", "who", "have", "kidney", "involvement", ".", "The", "development", "of", "more", "specific", "pharmacological", "agents", "for", "patients", "with", "SLE", "is", "still", "a", "major", "research", "goal", ".", "Ideally", "these", "agents", "should", "provide", "a", "better", "long", "-", "term", "prognosis", "for", "SLE", "patients", "and", "be", "less", "toxic", ".", "In", "this", "review", "we", "summarise", "the", "mechanism", "of", "action", "and", "the", "results", "obtained", "with", "a", "variety", "of", "drugs", "that", "have", "recently", "been", "utilized", "in", "the", "treatment", "of", "patients", "with", "lupus", "especially", "those", "with", "nephritis", ".", "We", "discuss", "the", "clinical", "usefulness", "of", "B-", "-cell", "depletion", "principally", "anti", "-", "CD20", "antibodies", "blockage", "of", "co", "-", "stimulatory", "pathways", "(", "anti", "-", "CD40", "ligand", "antibody", "CTLA4Ig", ")", "the", "induction", "of", "immune", "tolerance", "(", "LJP", "394", "peptide", "specific", "vaccination", ")", "and", "therapy", "targeting", "cytokines", "(", "anti", "-", "IL10", "antibody", "BLyS", "blockage", ")", "and", "the", "complement", "system", "(", "anti", "-", "C5", "antibody", ")", ".", "Immunoablative", "doses", "of", "Cyclophosphamide", "(", "CyC", ")", "with", "or", "without", "Haematopoietic", "Stem", "Cell", "Transplantation", "(", "HSCT", ")", "and", "the", "possibilities", "of", "gene", "therapy", "are", "also", "reviewed", ".", "The", "use", "of", "intravenous", "immunoglobulin", "(", "IVIg", ")", "and", "plasmapheresis", "are", "not", "discussed", "because", "these", "treatments", "have", "been", "used", "in", "clinical", "practice", "for", "several", "years", "." ]	[ "DISEASE" ]
hookworm is a Participant_Condition, Ascaris is a Outcome_Physical, Trichuris infection is a Participant_Condition, oxibendazole is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 340 is a Participant_Sample-size, hookworm infection is a Participant_Condition, 196 is a Participant_Sample-size, ascariasis is a Participant_Condition, 178 is a Participant_Sample-size, trichuriasis is a Participant_Condition, anthelmintic , oxibendazole is a Intervention_Pharmacological, respective infections is a Participant_Condition, pyrantel is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, egg negative conversion rates of hookworm is a Outcome_Physical, egg reduction rates of hookworm is a Outcome_Other, larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus is a Outcome_Physical, egg reduction rate of hookworm is a Outcome_Other	52828_task0	Sentence: [ Clinical observations on the treatment of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris infection with oxibendazole ] . 340 cases of hookworm infection , 196 cases of ascariasis and 178 cases of trichuriasis were treated with an anthelmintic , oxibendazole , 15mg/kg.d x 3d ; 102 , 70 and 66 cases of respective infections were treated with pyrantel 10mg/kg.d x 3d and 108 , 74 and 63 cases took placebo for comparison and as control under double-blind observations . Re-examinations of the stool were performed after the treatment . Among the cases treated with oxibendazole , the egg negative conversion rates of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris were 70.3-80.6 % , 92.5-97.8 and 67.0-71.0 % respectively . The egg reduction rates of hookworm were 98.1-98.6 % . The larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus were 77.7 and 83.2 % respectively . Among the cases treated with pyrantel , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 73.5 , 90.0 and 28.8 % respectively . The egg reduction rate of hookworm was 98.8 % . Among the cases treated with placebo , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 6.5 , 29.7 and 7.9 % . No marked adverse reactions were observed by clinical and laboratory examinations . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	[ Clinical observations on the treatment of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris infection with oxibendazole ] . 340 cases of hookworm infection , 196 cases of ascariasis and 178 cases of trichuriasis were treated with an anthelmintic , oxibendazole , 15mg/kg.d x 3d ; 102 , 70 and 66 cases of respective infections were treated with pyrantel 10mg/kg.d x 3d and 108 , 74 and 63 cases took placebo for comparison and as control under double-blind observations . Re-examinations of the stool were performed after the treatment . Among the cases treated with oxibendazole , the egg negative conversion rates of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris were 70.3-80.6 % , 92.5-97.8 and 67.0-71.0 % respectively . The egg reduction rates of hookworm were 98.1-98.6 % . The larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus were 77.7 and 83.2 % respectively . Among the cases treated with pyrantel , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 73.5 , 90.0 and 28.8 % respectively . The egg reduction rate of hookworm was 98.8 % . Among the cases treated with placebo , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 6.5 , 29.7 and 7.9 % . No marked adverse reactions were observed by clinical and laboratory examinations .	[ "[", "Clinical", "observations", "on", "the", "treatment", "of", "hookworm", ",", "Ascaris", "and", "Trichuris", "infection", "with", "oxibendazole", "]", ".", "340", "cases", "of", "hookworm", "infection", ",", "196", "cases", "of", "ascariasis", "and", "178", "cases", "of", "trichuriasis", "were", "treated", "with", "an", "anthelmintic", ",", "oxibendazole", ",", "15mg", "/", "kg.d", "x", "3d", ";", "102", ",", "70", "and", "66", "cases", "of", "respective", "infections", "were", "treated", "with", "pyrantel", "10mg", "/", "kg.d", "x", "3d", "and", "108", ",", "74", "and", "63", "cases", "took", "placebo", "for", "comparison", "and", "as", "control", "under", "double", "-", "blind", "observations", ".", "Re", "-", "examinations", "of", "the", "stool", "were", "performed", "after", "the", "treatment", ".", "Among", "the", "cases", "treated", "with", "oxibendazole", ",", "the", "egg", "negative", "conversion", "rates", "of", "hookworm", ",", "Ascaris", "and", "Trichuris", "were", "70.3", "-", "80.6", "%", ",", "92.5", "-", "97.8", "and", "67.0", "-", "71.0", "%", "respectively", ".", "The", "egg", "reduction", "rates", "of", "hookworm", "were", "98.1", "-", "98.6", "%", ".", "The", "larval", "negative", "conversion", "rates", "of", "Ancylostoma", "duodenale", "and", "Necator", "americanus", "were", "77.7", "and", "83.2", "%", "respectively", ".", "Among", "the", "cases", "treated", "with", "pyrantel", ",", "the", "egg", "negative", "conversion", "rates", "of", "the", "three", "above", "mentioned", "parasites", "were", "73.5", ",", "90.0", "and", "28.8", "%", "respectively", ".", "The", "egg", "reduction", "rate", "of", "hookworm", "was", "98.8", "%", ".", "Among", "the", "cases", "treated", "with", "placebo", ",", "the", "egg", "negative", "conversion", "rates", "of", "the", "three", "above", "mentioned", "parasites", "were", "6.5", ",", "29.7", "and", "7.9", "%", ".", "No", "marked", "adverse", "reactions", "were", "observed", "by", "clinical", "and", "laboratory", "examinations", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
hookworm is a Participant_Condition, Ascaris is a Outcome_Physical, Trichuris infection is a Participant_Condition, oxibendazole is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 340 is a Participant_Sample-size, hookworm infection is a Participant_Condition, 196 is a Participant_Sample-size, ascariasis is a Participant_Condition, 178 is a Participant_Sample-size, trichuriasis is a Participant_Condition, anthelmintic , oxibendazole is a Intervention_Pharmacological, respective infections is a Participant_Condition, pyrantel is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, egg negative conversion rates of hookworm is a Outcome_Physical, egg reduction rates of hookworm is a Outcome_Other, larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus is a Outcome_Physical, egg reduction rate of hookworm is a Outcome_Other	52828_task1	Sentence: [ Clinical observations on the treatment of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris infection with oxibendazole ] . 340 cases of hookworm infection , 196 cases of ascariasis and 178 cases of trichuriasis were treated with an anthelmintic , oxibendazole , 15mg/kg.d x 3d ; 102 , 70 and 66 cases of respective infections were treated with pyrantel 10mg/kg.d x 3d and 108 , 74 and 63 cases took placebo for comparison and as control under double-blind observations . Re-examinations of the stool were performed after the treatment . Among the cases treated with oxibendazole , the egg negative conversion rates of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris were 70.3-80.6 % , 92.5-97.8 and 67.0-71.0 % respectively . The egg reduction rates of hookworm were 98.1-98.6 % . The larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus were 77.7 and 83.2 % respectively . Among the cases treated with pyrantel , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 73.5 , 90.0 and 28.8 % respectively . The egg reduction rate of hookworm was 98.8 % . Among the cases treated with placebo , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 6.5 , 29.7 and 7.9 % . No marked adverse reactions were observed by clinical and laboratory examinations . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: hookworm, Ascaris, Trichuris infection, oxibendazole, 340, hookworm infection, 196, ascariasis, 178, trichuriasis, anthelmintic , oxibendazole, respective infections, pyrantel, placebo, egg negative conversion rates of hookworm, egg reduction rates of hookworm, larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus, egg reduction rate of hookworm Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	[ Clinical observations on the treatment of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris infection with oxibendazole ] . 340 cases of hookworm infection , 196 cases of ascariasis and 178 cases of trichuriasis were treated with an anthelmintic , oxibendazole , 15mg/kg.d x 3d ; 102 , 70 and 66 cases of respective infections were treated with pyrantel 10mg/kg.d x 3d and 108 , 74 and 63 cases took placebo for comparison and as control under double-blind observations . Re-examinations of the stool were performed after the treatment . Among the cases treated with oxibendazole , the egg negative conversion rates of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris were 70.3-80.6 % , 92.5-97.8 and 67.0-71.0 % respectively . The egg reduction rates of hookworm were 98.1-98.6 % . The larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus were 77.7 and 83.2 % respectively . Among the cases treated with pyrantel , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 73.5 , 90.0 and 28.8 % respectively . The egg reduction rate of hookworm was 98.8 % . Among the cases treated with placebo , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 6.5 , 29.7 and 7.9 % . No marked adverse reactions were observed by clinical and laboratory examinations .	[ "[", "Clinical", "observations", "on", "the", "treatment", "of", "hookworm", ",", "Ascaris", "and", "Trichuris", "infection", "with", "oxibendazole", "]", ".", "340", "cases", "of", "hookworm", "infection", ",", "196", "cases", "of", "ascariasis", "and", "178", "cases", "of", "trichuriasis", "were", "treated", "with", "an", "anthelmintic", ",", "oxibendazole", ",", "15mg", "/", "kg.d", "x", "3d", ";", "102", ",", "70", "and", "66", "cases", "of", "respective", "infections", "were", "treated", "with", "pyrantel", "10mg", "/", "kg.d", "x", "3d", "and", "108", ",", "74", "and", "63", "cases", "took", "placebo", "for", "comparison", "and", "as", "control", "under", "double", "-", "blind", "observations", ".", "Re", "-", "examinations", "of", "the", "stool", "were", "performed", "after", "the", "treatment", ".", "Among", "the", "cases", "treated", "with", "oxibendazole", ",", "the", "egg", "negative", "conversion", "rates", "of", "hookworm", ",", "Ascaris", "and", "Trichuris", "were", "70.3", "-", "80.6", "%", ",", "92.5", "-", "97.8", "and", "67.0", "-", "71.0", "%", "respectively", ".", "The", "egg", "reduction", "rates", "of", "hookworm", "were", "98.1", "-", "98.6", "%", ".", "The", "larval", "negative", "conversion", "rates", "of", "Ancylostoma", "duodenale", "and", "Necator", "americanus", "were", "77.7", "and", "83.2", "%", "respectively", ".", "Among", "the", "cases", "treated", "with", "pyrantel", ",", "the", "egg", "negative", "conversion", "rates", "of", "the", "three", "above", "mentioned", "parasites", "were", "73.5", ",", "90.0", "and", "28.8", "%", "respectively", ".", "The", "egg", "reduction", "rate", "of", "hookworm", "was", "98.8", "%", ".", "Among", "the", "cases", "treated", "with", "placebo", ",", "the", "egg", "negative", "conversion", "rates", "of", "the", "three", "above", "mentioned", "parasites", "were", "6.5", ",", "29.7", "and", "7.9", "%", ".", "No", "marked", "adverse", "reactions", "were", "observed", "by", "clinical", "and", "laboratory", "examinations", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
hookworm, Ascaris, Trichuris infection, oxibendazole, 340, hookworm infection, 196, ascariasis, 178, trichuriasis, anthelmintic , oxibendazole, respective infections, pyrantel, placebo, egg negative conversion rates of hookworm, egg reduction rates of hookworm, larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus, egg reduction rate of hookworm	52828_task2	Sentence: [ Clinical observations on the treatment of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris infection with oxibendazole ] . 340 cases of hookworm infection , 196 cases of ascariasis and 178 cases of trichuriasis were treated with an anthelmintic , oxibendazole , 15mg/kg.d x 3d ; 102 , 70 and 66 cases of respective infections were treated with pyrantel 10mg/kg.d x 3d and 108 , 74 and 63 cases took placebo for comparison and as control under double-blind observations . Re-examinations of the stool were performed after the treatment . Among the cases treated with oxibendazole , the egg negative conversion rates of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris were 70.3-80.6 % , 92.5-97.8 and 67.0-71.0 % respectively . The egg reduction rates of hookworm were 98.1-98.6 % . The larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus were 77.7 and 83.2 % respectively . Among the cases treated with pyrantel , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 73.5 , 90.0 and 28.8 % respectively . The egg reduction rate of hookworm was 98.8 % . Among the cases treated with placebo , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 6.5 , 29.7 and 7.9 % . No marked adverse reactions were observed by clinical and laboratory examinations . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	[ Clinical observations on the treatment of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris infection with oxibendazole ] . 340 cases of hookworm infection , 196 cases of ascariasis and 178 cases of trichuriasis were treated with an anthelmintic , oxibendazole , 15mg/kg.d x 3d ; 102 , 70 and 66 cases of respective infections were treated with pyrantel 10mg/kg.d x 3d and 108 , 74 and 63 cases took placebo for comparison and as control under double-blind observations . Re-examinations of the stool were performed after the treatment . Among the cases treated with oxibendazole , the egg negative conversion rates of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris were 70.3-80.6 % , 92.5-97.8 and 67.0-71.0 % respectively . The egg reduction rates of hookworm were 98.1-98.6 % . The larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus were 77.7 and 83.2 % respectively . Among the cases treated with pyrantel , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 73.5 , 90.0 and 28.8 % respectively . The egg reduction rate of hookworm was 98.8 % . Among the cases treated with placebo , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 6.5 , 29.7 and 7.9 % . No marked adverse reactions were observed by clinical and laboratory examinations .	[ "[", "Clinical", "observations", "on", "the", "treatment", "of", "hookworm", ",", "Ascaris", "and", "Trichuris", "infection", "with", "oxibendazole", "]", ".", "340", "cases", "of", "hookworm", "infection", ",", "196", "cases", "of", "ascariasis", "and", "178", "cases", "of", "trichuriasis", "were", "treated", "with", "an", "anthelmintic", ",", "oxibendazole", ",", "15mg", "/", "kg.d", "x", "3d", ";", "102", ",", "70", "and", "66", "cases", "of", "respective", "infections", "were", "treated", "with", "pyrantel", "10mg", "/", "kg.d", "x", "3d", "and", "108", ",", "74", "and", "63", "cases", "took", "placebo", "for", "comparison", "and", "as", "control", "under", "double", "-", "blind", "observations", ".", "Re", "-", "examinations", "of", "the", "stool", "were", "performed", "after", "the", "treatment", ".", "Among", "the", "cases", "treated", "with", "oxibendazole", ",", "the", "egg", "negative", "conversion", "rates", "of", "hookworm", ",", "Ascaris", "and", "Trichuris", "were", "70.3", "-", "80.6", "%", ",", "92.5", "-", "97.8", "and", "67.0", "-", "71.0", "%", "respectively", ".", "The", "egg", "reduction", "rates", "of", "hookworm", "were", "98.1", "-", "98.6", "%", ".", "The", "larval", "negative", "conversion", "rates", "of", "Ancylostoma", "duodenale", "and", "Necator", "americanus", "were", "77.7", "and", "83.2", "%", "respectively", ".", "Among", "the", "cases", "treated", "with", "pyrantel", ",", "the", "egg", "negative", "conversion", "rates", "of", "the", "three", "above", "mentioned", "parasites", "were", "73.5", ",", "90.0", "and", "28.8", "%", "respectively", ".", "The", "egg", "reduction", "rate", "of", "hookworm", "was", "98.8", "%", ".", "Among", "the", "cases", "treated", "with", "placebo", ",", "the", "egg", "negative", "conversion", "rates", "of", "the", "three", "above", "mentioned", "parasites", "were", "6.5", ",", "29.7", "and", "7.9", "%", ".", "No", "marked", "adverse", "reactions", "were", "observed", "by", "clinical", "and", "laboratory", "examinations", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
population is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, cancer is an umlsterm, pain is an umlsterm, chronic headache is an umlsterm, back pain is an umlsterm, organization is an umlsterm, outpatient is an umlsterm, pain management is an umlsterm	DerSchmerz.70110101.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: In Middle Franconia , one of the larger Bavarian administrative division ( population 1994 : 1,657 , 101 ) , the number of patients suffering from cancer pain , chronic headache and chronic back pain is not known . Furthermore , there are no data on interdisciplinary organization of outpatient pain management . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	In Middle Franconia , one of the larger Bavarian administrative division ( population 1994 : 1,657 , 101 ) , the number of patients suffering from cancer pain , chronic headache and chronic back pain is not known . Furthermore , there are no data on interdisciplinary organization of outpatient pain management .	[ "In", "Middle", "Franconia", ",", "one", "of", "the", "larger", "Bavarian", "administrative", "division", "(", "population", "1994", ":", "1,657", ",", "101", ")", ",", "the", "number", "of", "patients", "suffering", "from", "cancer", "pain", ",", "chronic", "headache", "and", "chronic", "back", "pain", "is", "not", "known", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "there", "are", "no", "data", "on", "interdisciplinary", "organization", "of", "outpatient", "pain", "management", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
population is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, cancer is an umlsterm, pain is an umlsterm, chronic headache is an umlsterm, back pain is an umlsterm, organization is an umlsterm, outpatient is an umlsterm, pain management is an umlsterm	DerSchmerz.70110101.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: In Middle Franconia , one of the larger Bavarian administrative division ( population 1994 : 1,657 , 101 ) , the number of patients suffering from cancer pain , chronic headache and chronic back pain is not known . Furthermore , there are no data on interdisciplinary organization of outpatient pain management . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: population, patients, cancer, pain, chronic headache, back pain, organization, outpatient, pain management Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	In Middle Franconia , one of the larger Bavarian administrative division ( population 1994 : 1,657 , 101 ) , the number of patients suffering from cancer pain , chronic headache and chronic back pain is not known . Furthermore , there are no data on interdisciplinary organization of outpatient pain management .	[ "In", "Middle", "Franconia", ",", "one", "of", "the", "larger", "Bavarian", "administrative", "division", "(", "population", "1994", ":", "1,657", ",", "101", ")", ",", "the", "number", "of", "patients", "suffering", "from", "cancer", "pain", ",", "chronic", "headache", "and", "chronic", "back", "pain", "is", "not", "known", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "there", "are", "no", "data", "on", "interdisciplinary", "organization", "of", "outpatient", "pain", "management", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
population, patients, cancer, pain, chronic headache, back pain, organization, outpatient, pain management	DerSchmerz.70110101.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: In Middle Franconia , one of the larger Bavarian administrative division ( population 1994 : 1,657 , 101 ) , the number of patients suffering from cancer pain , chronic headache and chronic back pain is not known . Furthermore , there are no data on interdisciplinary organization of outpatient pain management . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	In Middle Franconia , one of the larger Bavarian administrative division ( population 1994 : 1,657 , 101 ) , the number of patients suffering from cancer pain , chronic headache and chronic back pain is not known . Furthermore , there are no data on interdisciplinary organization of outpatient pain management .	[ "In", "Middle", "Franconia", ",", "one", "of", "the", "larger", "Bavarian", "administrative", "division", "(", "population", "1994", ":", "1,657", ",", "101", ")", ",", "the", "number", "of", "patients", "suffering", "from", "cancer", "pain", ",", "chronic", "headache", "and", "chronic", "back", "pain", "is", "not", "known", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "there", "are", "no", "data", "on", "interdisciplinary", "organization", "of", "outpatient", "pain", "management", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
molluscan glutamate - gated cation channel is a GENE-N	8622118_task0	Sentence: Structure and pharmacological properties of a molluscan glutamate-gated cation channel and its likely role in feeding behavior. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Structure and pharmacological properties of a molluscan glutamate-gated cation channel and its likely role in feeding behavior.	[ "Structure", "and", "pharmacological", "properties", "of", "a", "molluscan", "glutamate", "-", "gated", "cation", "channel", "and", "its", "likely", "role", "in", "feeding", "behavior", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]
molluscan glutamate - gated cation channel is a GENE-N	8622118_task1	Sentence: Structure and pharmacological properties of a molluscan glutamate-gated cation channel and its likely role in feeding behavior. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: molluscan glutamate - gated cation channel Options: GENE-N	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Structure and pharmacological properties of a molluscan glutamate-gated cation channel and its likely role in feeding behavior.	[ "Structure", "and", "pharmacological", "properties", "of", "a", "molluscan", "glutamate", "-", "gated", "cation", "channel", "and", "its", "likely", "role", "in", "feeding", "behavior", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]
molluscan glutamate - gated cation channel	8622118_task2	Sentence: Structure and pharmacological properties of a molluscan glutamate-gated cation channel and its likely role in feeding behavior. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Structure and pharmacological properties of a molluscan glutamate-gated cation channel and its likely role in feeding behavior.	[ "Structure", "and", "pharmacological", "properties", "of", "a", "molluscan", "glutamate", "-", "gated", "cation", "channel", "and", "its", "likely", "role", "in", "feeding", "behavior", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]
Levosulpiride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, functional dyspepsia is a Participant_Condition, functional dyspepsia , is a Participant_Condition, prokinetic drugs is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dyspeptic symptoms is a Participant_Condition, efficacy and safety is a Outcome_Other, levosulpiride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 1298 is a Participant_Sample-size, ( is a Outcome_Pain, domperidone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, metoclopramide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ) is a Participant_Condition, epigastric pain is a Outcome_Pain, Active treatments is a Intervention_Pharmacological, galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes is a Outcome_Physical	88466_task0	Sentence: Levosulpiride in functional dyspepsia : a multicentric , double-blind , controlled trial . Abnormalities in gastrointestinal motility have been reported in a substantial proportion of patients with functional dyspepsia , supporting the use of prokinetic drugs for treatment of dyspeptic symptoms . To evaluate efficacy and safety of levosulpiride in short-term treatment , 1298 patients were enrolled in a double-blind multicentric study carried out in 45 Italian Gastroenterology Departments . Patients were randomly assigned to either levosulpiride ( 25 mg tid ) , domperidone ( 10 mg tid ) , metoclopramide ( 10 mg tid ) or placebo ( 1 tablet tid ) for 4 weeks . Patients were selected on the basis of : a ) occurrence in the last 4 weeks of at least 5/10 selected symptoms ( anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ) , severity of which should reach/exceed a total score of 8 , as assessed by a specific scale ranging from 0 ( absent ) to 3 ( severe ) ; b ) normal results of routine biochemical , ultrasound and endoscopic examinations . In addition , each patient subjectively evaluated efficacy of treatment by a visual analogue scale . Significant improvement was recorded for all symptoms at days 10 and 28 in all groups ( p < 0.001 ) , but levosulpiride was significantly ( p < 0.01 ) superior to domperidone , metoclopramide and placebo both in the overall clinical improvement scale as well as in a subgroup of symptoms ( postprandial bloating , epigastric pain , heartburn ) . Active treatments and placebo were comparable as far as concerns occurrence of side-effects ( 12-20 % ) including galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Outcome_Pain, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Pain", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Pain", "I-Outcome_Pain", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O" ]	Levosulpiride in functional dyspepsia : a multicentric , double-blind , controlled trial . Abnormalities in gastrointestinal motility have been reported in a substantial proportion of patients with functional dyspepsia , supporting the use of prokinetic drugs for treatment of dyspeptic symptoms . To evaluate efficacy and safety of levosulpiride in short-term treatment , 1298 patients were enrolled in a double-blind multicentric study carried out in 45 Italian Gastroenterology Departments . Patients were randomly assigned to either levosulpiride ( 25 mg tid ) , domperidone ( 10 mg tid ) , metoclopramide ( 10 mg tid ) or placebo ( 1 tablet tid ) for 4 weeks . Patients were selected on the basis of : a ) occurrence in the last 4 weeks of at least 5/10 selected symptoms ( anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ) , severity of which should reach/exceed a total score of 8 , as assessed by a specific scale ranging from 0 ( absent ) to 3 ( severe ) ; b ) normal results of routine biochemical , ultrasound and endoscopic examinations . In addition , each patient subjectively evaluated efficacy of treatment by a visual analogue scale . Significant improvement was recorded for all symptoms at days 10 and 28 in all groups ( p < 0.001 ) , but levosulpiride was significantly ( p < 0.01 ) superior to domperidone , metoclopramide and placebo both in the overall clinical improvement scale as well as in a subgroup of symptoms ( postprandial bloating , epigastric pain , heartburn ) . Active treatments and placebo were comparable as far as concerns occurrence of side-effects ( 12-20 % ) including galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes .	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Levosulpiride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, functional dyspepsia is a Participant_Condition, functional dyspepsia , is a Participant_Condition, prokinetic drugs is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dyspeptic symptoms is a Participant_Condition, efficacy and safety is a Outcome_Other, levosulpiride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 1298 is a Participant_Sample-size, ( is a Outcome_Pain, domperidone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, metoclopramide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ) is a Participant_Condition, epigastric pain is a Outcome_Pain, Active treatments is a Intervention_Pharmacological, galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes is a Outcome_Physical	88466_task1	Sentence: Levosulpiride in functional dyspepsia : a multicentric , double-blind , controlled trial . Abnormalities in gastrointestinal motility have been reported in a substantial proportion of patients with functional dyspepsia , supporting the use of prokinetic drugs for treatment of dyspeptic symptoms . To evaluate efficacy and safety of levosulpiride in short-term treatment , 1298 patients were enrolled in a double-blind multicentric study carried out in 45 Italian Gastroenterology Departments . Patients were randomly assigned to either levosulpiride ( 25 mg tid ) , domperidone ( 10 mg tid ) , metoclopramide ( 10 mg tid ) or placebo ( 1 tablet tid ) for 4 weeks . Patients were selected on the basis of : a ) occurrence in the last 4 weeks of at least 5/10 selected symptoms ( anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ) , severity of which should reach/exceed a total score of 8 , as assessed by a specific scale ranging from 0 ( absent ) to 3 ( severe ) ; b ) normal results of routine biochemical , ultrasound and endoscopic examinations . In addition , each patient subjectively evaluated efficacy of treatment by a visual analogue scale . Significant improvement was recorded for all symptoms at days 10 and 28 in all groups ( p < 0.001 ) , but levosulpiride was significantly ( p < 0.01 ) superior to domperidone , metoclopramide and placebo both in the overall clinical improvement scale as well as in a subgroup of symptoms ( postprandial bloating , epigastric pain , heartburn ) . Active treatments and placebo were comparable as far as concerns occurrence of side-effects ( 12-20 % ) including galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Levosulpiride, functional dyspepsia, functional dyspepsia ,, prokinetic drugs, dyspeptic symptoms, efficacy and safety, levosulpiride, 1298, (, domperidone, metoclopramide, placebo, anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ), epigastric pain, Active treatments, galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Outcome_Pain, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Pain", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Pain", "I-Outcome_Pain", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O" ]	Levosulpiride in functional dyspepsia : a multicentric , double-blind , controlled trial . Abnormalities in gastrointestinal motility have been reported in a substantial proportion of patients with functional dyspepsia , supporting the use of prokinetic drugs for treatment of dyspeptic symptoms . To evaluate efficacy and safety of levosulpiride in short-term treatment , 1298 patients were enrolled in a double-blind multicentric study carried out in 45 Italian Gastroenterology Departments . Patients were randomly assigned to either levosulpiride ( 25 mg tid ) , domperidone ( 10 mg tid ) , metoclopramide ( 10 mg tid ) or placebo ( 1 tablet tid ) for 4 weeks . Patients were selected on the basis of : a ) occurrence in the last 4 weeks of at least 5/10 selected symptoms ( anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ) , severity of which should reach/exceed a total score of 8 , as assessed by a specific scale ranging from 0 ( absent ) to 3 ( severe ) ; b ) normal results of routine biochemical , ultrasound and endoscopic examinations . In addition , each patient subjectively evaluated efficacy of treatment by a visual analogue scale . Significant improvement was recorded for all symptoms at days 10 and 28 in all groups ( p < 0.001 ) , but levosulpiride was significantly ( p < 0.01 ) superior to domperidone , metoclopramide and placebo both in the overall clinical improvement scale as well as in a subgroup of symptoms ( postprandial bloating , epigastric pain , heartburn ) . Active treatments and placebo were comparable as far as concerns occurrence of side-effects ( 12-20 % ) including galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes .	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Levosulpiride, functional dyspepsia, functional dyspepsia ,, prokinetic drugs, dyspeptic symptoms, efficacy and safety, levosulpiride, 1298, (, domperidone, metoclopramide, placebo, anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ), epigastric pain, Active treatments, galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes	88466_task2	Sentence: Levosulpiride in functional dyspepsia : a multicentric , double-blind , controlled trial . Abnormalities in gastrointestinal motility have been reported in a substantial proportion of patients with functional dyspepsia , supporting the use of prokinetic drugs for treatment of dyspeptic symptoms . To evaluate efficacy and safety of levosulpiride in short-term treatment , 1298 patients were enrolled in a double-blind multicentric study carried out in 45 Italian Gastroenterology Departments . Patients were randomly assigned to either levosulpiride ( 25 mg tid ) , domperidone ( 10 mg tid ) , metoclopramide ( 10 mg tid ) or placebo ( 1 tablet tid ) for 4 weeks . Patients were selected on the basis of : a ) occurrence in the last 4 weeks of at least 5/10 selected symptoms ( anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ) , severity of which should reach/exceed a total score of 8 , as assessed by a specific scale ranging from 0 ( absent ) to 3 ( severe ) ; b ) normal results of routine biochemical , ultrasound and endoscopic examinations . In addition , each patient subjectively evaluated efficacy of treatment by a visual analogue scale . Significant improvement was recorded for all symptoms at days 10 and 28 in all groups ( p < 0.001 ) , but levosulpiride was significantly ( p < 0.01 ) superior to domperidone , metoclopramide and placebo both in the overall clinical improvement scale as well as in a subgroup of symptoms ( postprandial bloating , epigastric pain , heartburn ) . Active treatments and placebo were comparable as far as concerns occurrence of side-effects ( 12-20 % ) including galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Pain", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Pain", "I-Outcome_Pain", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O" ]	Levosulpiride in functional dyspepsia : a multicentric , double-blind , controlled trial . Abnormalities in gastrointestinal motility have been reported in a substantial proportion of patients with functional dyspepsia , supporting the use of prokinetic drugs for treatment of dyspeptic symptoms . To evaluate efficacy and safety of levosulpiride in short-term treatment , 1298 patients were enrolled in a double-blind multicentric study carried out in 45 Italian Gastroenterology Departments . Patients were randomly assigned to either levosulpiride ( 25 mg tid ) , domperidone ( 10 mg tid ) , metoclopramide ( 10 mg tid ) or placebo ( 1 tablet tid ) for 4 weeks . Patients were selected on the basis of : a ) occurrence in the last 4 weeks of at least 5/10 selected symptoms ( anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ) , severity of which should reach/exceed a total score of 8 , as assessed by a specific scale ranging from 0 ( absent ) to 3 ( severe ) ; b ) normal results of routine biochemical , ultrasound and endoscopic examinations . In addition , each patient subjectively evaluated efficacy of treatment by a visual analogue scale . Significant improvement was recorded for all symptoms at days 10 and 28 in all groups ( p < 0.001 ) , but levosulpiride was significantly ( p < 0.01 ) superior to domperidone , metoclopramide and placebo both in the overall clinical improvement scale as well as in a subgroup of symptoms ( postprandial bloating , epigastric pain , heartburn ) . Active treatments and placebo were comparable as far as concerns occurrence of side-effects ( 12-20 % ) including galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes .	[ "Levosulpiride", "in", "functional", "dyspepsia", ":", "a", "multicentric", ",", "double", "-", "blind", ",", "controlled", "trial", ".", "Abnormalities", "in", "gastrointestinal", "motility", "have", "been", "reported", "in", "a", "substantial", "proportion", "of", "patients", "with", "functional", "dyspepsia", ",", "supporting", "the", "use", "of", "prokinetic", "drugs", "for", "treatment", "of", "dyspeptic", "symptoms", ".", "To", "evaluate", "efficacy", "and", "safety", "of", "levosulpiride", "in", "short", "-", "term", "treatment", ",", "1298", "patients", "were", "enrolled", "in", "a", "double", "-", "blind", "multicentric", "study", "carried", "out", "in", "45", "Italian", "Gastroenterology", "Departments", ".", "Patients", "were", "randomly", "assigned", "to", "either", "levosulpiride", "(", "25", "mg", "tid", ")", ",", "domperidone", "(", "10", "mg", "tid", ")", ",", "metoclopramide", "(", "10", "mg", "tid", ")", "or", "placebo", "(", "1", "tablet", "tid", ")", "for", "4", "weeks", ".", "Patients", "were", "selected", "on", "the", "basis", "of", ":", "a", ")", "occurrence", "in", "the", "last", "4", "weeks", "of", "at", "least", "5/10", "selected", "symptoms", "(", "anorexia", ",", "nausea", ",", "vomiting", ",", "upper", "abdominal", "pain", ",", "postprandial", "bloating", ",", "abdominal", "fullness", ",", "early", "satiety", ",", "belching", ",", "heartburn", ",", "regurgitation", ")", ",", "severity", "of", "which", "should", "reach", "/", "exceed", "a", "total", "score", "of", "8", ",", "as", "assessed", "by", "a", "specific", "scale", "ranging", "from", "0", "(", "absent", ")", "to", "3", "(", "severe", ")", ";", "b", ")", "normal", "results", "of", "routine", "biochemical", ",", "ultrasound", "and", "endoscopic", "examinations", ".", "In", "addition", ",", "each", "patient", "subjectively", "evaluated", "efficacy", "of", "treatment", "by", "a", "visual", "analogue", "scale", ".", "Significant", "improvement", "was", "recorded", "for", "all", "symptoms", "at", "days", "10", "and", "28", "in", "all", "groups", "(", "p", "<", "0.001", ")", ",", "but", "levosulpiride", "was", "significantly", "(", "p", "<", "0.01", ")", "superior", "to", "domperidone", ",", "metoclopramide", "and", "placebo", "both", "in", "the", "overall", "clinical", "improvement", "scale", "as", "well", "as", "in", "a", "subgroup", "of", "symptoms", "(", "postprandial", "bloating", ",", "epigastric", "pain", ",", "heartburn", ")", ".", "Active", "treatments", "and", "placebo", "were", "comparable", "as", "far", "as", "concerns", "occurrence", "of", "side", "-", "effects", "(", "12", "-", "20", "%", ")", "including", "galactorrhoea", ",", "breast", "tenderness", "and", "menstrual", "changes", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Pain", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
Tumorwachstum is an umlsterm, Tumorforschung is an umlsterm, Tumorentitaeten is an umlsterm, hormonabhaengigen Tumoren is an umlsterm, Tumoren is an umlsterm	DerPathologe.40150331.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Die Realisation , dass Tumorwachstum nicht nur durch Zellproliferation , sondern auch durch ein laengeres Zellueberleben bedingt sein kann , eroeffnet vollstaendig neue Perspektiven in der Grundlagenforschung wie in der klinischen Tumorforschung . Die Apoptose ist deshalb heute Kernpunkt wissenschaftlicher Diskussion . Im Zentrum des derzeitigen Interesses ist neben den Steuermechanismen des programmierten Zelltodes auch der Nachweis seiner klinischen Bedeutung fuer die verschiedenen Tumorentitaeten . Aktuelle Untersuchungen zur Embryogenese , zum physiologischen Zellumsatz und zu epithelialen und hormonabhaengigen Tumoren weisen das Protoonkogen bcl-2 als einen wichtigen Regulator der Apoptose aus . Nach eigenen Untersuchungen hat der Pathomechanismus Apoptose auch fuer maligne mesenchymale Tumoren eine Bedeutung . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O" ]	Die Realisation , dass Tumorwachstum nicht nur durch Zellproliferation , sondern auch durch ein laengeres Zellueberleben bedingt sein kann , eroeffnet vollstaendig neue Perspektiven in der Grundlagenforschung wie in der klinischen Tumorforschung . Die Apoptose ist deshalb heute Kernpunkt wissenschaftlicher Diskussion . Im Zentrum des derzeitigen Interesses ist neben den Steuermechanismen des programmierten Zelltodes auch der Nachweis seiner klinischen Bedeutung fuer die verschiedenen Tumorentitaeten . Aktuelle Untersuchungen zur Embryogenese , zum physiologischen Zellumsatz und zu epithelialen und hormonabhaengigen Tumoren weisen das Protoonkogen bcl-2 als einen wichtigen Regulator der Apoptose aus . Nach eigenen Untersuchungen hat der Pathomechanismus Apoptose auch fuer maligne mesenchymale Tumoren eine Bedeutung .	[ "Die", "Realisation", ",", "dass", "Tumorwachstum", "nicht", "nur", "durch", "Zellproliferation", ",", "sondern", "auch", "durch", "ein", "laengeres", "Zellueberleben", "bedingt", "sein", "kann", ",", "eroeffnet", "vollstaendig", "neue", "Perspektiven", "in", "der", "Grundlagenforschung", "wie", "in", "der", "klinischen", "Tumorforschung", ".", "Die", "Apoptose", "ist", "deshalb", "heute", "Kernpunkt", "wissenschaftlicher", "Diskussion", ".", "Im", "Zentrum", "des", "derzeitigen", "Interesses", "ist", "neben", "den", "Steuermechanismen", "des", "programmierten", "Zelltodes", "auch", "der", "Nachweis", "seiner", "klinischen", "Bedeutung", "fuer", "die", "verschiedenen", "Tumorentitaeten", ".", "Aktuelle", "Untersuchungen", "zur", "Embryogenese", ",", "zum", "physiologischen", "Zellumsatz", "und", "zu", "epithelialen", "und", "hormonabhaengigen", "Tumoren", "weisen", "das", "Protoonkogen", "bcl-2", "als", "einen", "wichtigen", "Regulator", "der", "Apoptose", "aus", ".", "Nach", "eigenen", "Untersuchungen", "hat", "der", "Pathomechanismus", "Apoptose", "auch", "fuer", "maligne", "mesenchymale", "Tumoren", "eine", "Bedeutung", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Tumorwachstum is an umlsterm, Tumorforschung is an umlsterm, Tumorentitaeten is an umlsterm, hormonabhaengigen Tumoren is an umlsterm, Tumoren is an umlsterm	DerPathologe.40150331.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Die Realisation , dass Tumorwachstum nicht nur durch Zellproliferation , sondern auch durch ein laengeres Zellueberleben bedingt sein kann , eroeffnet vollstaendig neue Perspektiven in der Grundlagenforschung wie in der klinischen Tumorforschung . Die Apoptose ist deshalb heute Kernpunkt wissenschaftlicher Diskussion . Im Zentrum des derzeitigen Interesses ist neben den Steuermechanismen des programmierten Zelltodes auch der Nachweis seiner klinischen Bedeutung fuer die verschiedenen Tumorentitaeten . Aktuelle Untersuchungen zur Embryogenese , zum physiologischen Zellumsatz und zu epithelialen und hormonabhaengigen Tumoren weisen das Protoonkogen bcl-2 als einen wichtigen Regulator der Apoptose aus . Nach eigenen Untersuchungen hat der Pathomechanismus Apoptose auch fuer maligne mesenchymale Tumoren eine Bedeutung . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Tumorwachstum, Tumorforschung, Tumorentitaeten, hormonabhaengigen Tumoren, Tumoren Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O" ]	Die Realisation , dass Tumorwachstum nicht nur durch Zellproliferation , sondern auch durch ein laengeres Zellueberleben bedingt sein kann , eroeffnet vollstaendig neue Perspektiven in der Grundlagenforschung wie in der klinischen Tumorforschung . Die Apoptose ist deshalb heute Kernpunkt wissenschaftlicher Diskussion . Im Zentrum des derzeitigen Interesses ist neben den Steuermechanismen des programmierten Zelltodes auch der Nachweis seiner klinischen Bedeutung fuer die verschiedenen Tumorentitaeten . Aktuelle Untersuchungen zur Embryogenese , zum physiologischen Zellumsatz und zu epithelialen und hormonabhaengigen Tumoren weisen das Protoonkogen bcl-2 als einen wichtigen Regulator der Apoptose aus . Nach eigenen Untersuchungen hat der Pathomechanismus Apoptose auch fuer maligne mesenchymale Tumoren eine Bedeutung .	[ "Die", "Realisation", ",", "dass", "Tumorwachstum", "nicht", "nur", "durch", "Zellproliferation", ",", "sondern", "auch", "durch", "ein", "laengeres", "Zellueberleben", "bedingt", "sein", "kann", ",", "eroeffnet", "vollstaendig", "neue", "Perspektiven", "in", "der", "Grundlagenforschung", "wie", "in", "der", "klinischen", "Tumorforschung", ".", "Die", "Apoptose", "ist", "deshalb", "heute", "Kernpunkt", "wissenschaftlicher", "Diskussion", ".", "Im", "Zentrum", "des", "derzeitigen", "Interesses", "ist", "neben", "den", "Steuermechanismen", "des", "programmierten", "Zelltodes", "auch", "der", "Nachweis", "seiner", "klinischen", "Bedeutung", "fuer", "die", "verschiedenen", "Tumorentitaeten", ".", "Aktuelle", "Untersuchungen", "zur", "Embryogenese", ",", "zum", "physiologischen", "Zellumsatz", "und", "zu", "epithelialen", "und", "hormonabhaengigen", "Tumoren", "weisen", "das", "Protoonkogen", "bcl-2", "als", "einen", "wichtigen", "Regulator", "der", "Apoptose", "aus", ".", "Nach", "eigenen", "Untersuchungen", "hat", "der", "Pathomechanismus", "Apoptose", "auch", "fuer", "maligne", "mesenchymale", "Tumoren", "eine", "Bedeutung", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Tumorwachstum, Tumorforschung, Tumorentitaeten, hormonabhaengigen Tumoren, Tumoren	DerPathologe.40150331.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Die Realisation , dass Tumorwachstum nicht nur durch Zellproliferation , sondern auch durch ein laengeres Zellueberleben bedingt sein kann , eroeffnet vollstaendig neue Perspektiven in der Grundlagenforschung wie in der klinischen Tumorforschung . Die Apoptose ist deshalb heute Kernpunkt wissenschaftlicher Diskussion . Im Zentrum des derzeitigen Interesses ist neben den Steuermechanismen des programmierten Zelltodes auch der Nachweis seiner klinischen Bedeutung fuer die verschiedenen Tumorentitaeten . Aktuelle Untersuchungen zur Embryogenese , zum physiologischen Zellumsatz und zu epithelialen und hormonabhaengigen Tumoren weisen das Protoonkogen bcl-2 als einen wichtigen Regulator der Apoptose aus . Nach eigenen Untersuchungen hat der Pathomechanismus Apoptose auch fuer maligne mesenchymale Tumoren eine Bedeutung . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O" ]	Die Realisation , dass Tumorwachstum nicht nur durch Zellproliferation , sondern auch durch ein laengeres Zellueberleben bedingt sein kann , eroeffnet vollstaendig neue Perspektiven in der Grundlagenforschung wie in der klinischen Tumorforschung . Die Apoptose ist deshalb heute Kernpunkt wissenschaftlicher Diskussion . Im Zentrum des derzeitigen Interesses ist neben den Steuermechanismen des programmierten Zelltodes auch der Nachweis seiner klinischen Bedeutung fuer die verschiedenen Tumorentitaeten . Aktuelle Untersuchungen zur Embryogenese , zum physiologischen Zellumsatz und zu epithelialen und hormonabhaengigen Tumoren weisen das Protoonkogen bcl-2 als einen wichtigen Regulator der Apoptose aus . Nach eigenen Untersuchungen hat der Pathomechanismus Apoptose auch fuer maligne mesenchymale Tumoren eine Bedeutung .	[ "Die", "Realisation", ",", "dass", "Tumorwachstum", "nicht", "nur", "durch", "Zellproliferation", ",", "sondern", "auch", "durch", "ein", "laengeres", "Zellueberleben", "bedingt", "sein", "kann", ",", "eroeffnet", "vollstaendig", "neue", "Perspektiven", "in", "der", "Grundlagenforschung", "wie", "in", "der", "klinischen", "Tumorforschung", ".", "Die", "Apoptose", "ist", "deshalb", "heute", "Kernpunkt", "wissenschaftlicher", "Diskussion", ".", "Im", "Zentrum", "des", "derzeitigen", "Interesses", "ist", "neben", "den", "Steuermechanismen", "des", "programmierten", "Zelltodes", "auch", "der", "Nachweis", "seiner", "klinischen", "Bedeutung", "fuer", "die", "verschiedenen", "Tumorentitaeten", ".", "Aktuelle", "Untersuchungen", "zur", "Embryogenese", ",", "zum", "physiologischen", "Zellumsatz", "und", "zu", "epithelialen", "und", "hormonabhaengigen", "Tumoren", "weisen", "das", "Protoonkogen", "bcl-2", "als", "einen", "wichtigen", "Regulator", "der", "Apoptose", "aus", ".", "Nach", "eigenen", "Untersuchungen", "hat", "der", "Pathomechanismus", "Apoptose", "auch", "fuer", "maligne", "mesenchymale", "Tumoren", "eine", "Bedeutung", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Nuclear is a Entity, Rel - A is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein	9058790_task0	Sentence: Nuclear Rel-A and c-Rel protein complexes are differentially distributed within human thymocytes. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B)/Rel proteins are inducible transcriptional regulators of numerous cellular genes. They are particularly abundant in lymphoid tissues and are thought to be critical for the transcription of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. We have reported previously that a nuclear NF-kappa B activity was present in freshly extracted human thymocytes in the absence of in vitro treatment of these cells. In the present report, we identified NF-kappa B proteins extracted from human thymocyte nuclei as being p50/p65 and p50/c-Rel complexes. Immunochemical and immunofluorescent staining of thymus sections using specific Abs allowed visualization of nuclear NF-kappa B proteins in both thymocytes and nonthymocyte cells. This detection suggested a preferential activation of p50/c-Rel in medullary thymocytes, whereas p50/p65 was present in both cortical and medullary regions of human thymus lobules. However, the intensity of p65 labeling was much higher in several thymocytes from the medulla. p65, p50, and c-Rel activities were found in both CD4- and CD8-positive thymocytes. These observations suggest that p65 and c-Rel complexes play distinct roles in gene expression and that both forms of NF-kappa B play critical roles during late stages of the intrathymic maturation of T cells. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Entity, Protein	[ "B-Entity", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Nuclear Rel-A and c-Rel protein complexes are differentially distributed within human thymocytes. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B)/Rel proteins are inducible transcriptional regulators of numerous cellular genes. They are particularly abundant in lymphoid tissues and are thought to be critical for the transcription of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. We have reported previously that a nuclear NF-kappa B activity was present in freshly extracted human thymocytes in the absence of in vitro treatment of these cells. In the present report, we identified NF-kappa B proteins extracted from human thymocyte nuclei as being p50/p65 and p50/c-Rel complexes. Immunochemical and immunofluorescent staining of thymus sections using specific Abs allowed visualization of nuclear NF-kappa B proteins in both thymocytes and nonthymocyte cells. This detection suggested a preferential activation of p50/c-Rel in medullary thymocytes, whereas p50/p65 was present in both cortical and medullary regions of human thymus lobules. However, the intensity of p65 labeling was much higher in several thymocytes from the medulla. p65, p50, and c-Rel activities were found in both CD4- and CD8-positive thymocytes. These observations suggest that p65 and c-Rel complexes play distinct roles in gene expression and that both forms of NF-kappa B play critical roles during late stages of the intrathymic maturation of T cells.	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Nuclear is a Entity, Rel - A is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein	9058790_task1	Sentence: Nuclear Rel-A and c-Rel protein complexes are differentially distributed within human thymocytes. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B)/Rel proteins are inducible transcriptional regulators of numerous cellular genes. They are particularly abundant in lymphoid tissues and are thought to be critical for the transcription of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. We have reported previously that a nuclear NF-kappa B activity was present in freshly extracted human thymocytes in the absence of in vitro treatment of these cells. In the present report, we identified NF-kappa B proteins extracted from human thymocyte nuclei as being p50/p65 and p50/c-Rel complexes. Immunochemical and immunofluorescent staining of thymus sections using specific Abs allowed visualization of nuclear NF-kappa B proteins in both thymocytes and nonthymocyte cells. This detection suggested a preferential activation of p50/c-Rel in medullary thymocytes, whereas p50/p65 was present in both cortical and medullary regions of human thymus lobules. However, the intensity of p65 labeling was much higher in several thymocytes from the medulla. p65, p50, and c-Rel activities were found in both CD4- and CD8-positive thymocytes. These observations suggest that p65 and c-Rel complexes play distinct roles in gene expression and that both forms of NF-kappa B play critical roles during late stages of the intrathymic maturation of T cells. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Nuclear, Rel - A, c - Rel, p50, p65, p50, c - Rel, p50, c - Rel, p50, p65, p65, p65, p50, c - Rel, p65, c - Rel Options: Entity, Protein	[ "B-Entity", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Nuclear Rel-A and c-Rel protein complexes are differentially distributed within human thymocytes. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B)/Rel proteins are inducible transcriptional regulators of numerous cellular genes. They are particularly abundant in lymphoid tissues and are thought to be critical for the transcription of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. We have reported previously that a nuclear NF-kappa B activity was present in freshly extracted human thymocytes in the absence of in vitro treatment of these cells. In the present report, we identified NF-kappa B proteins extracted from human thymocyte nuclei as being p50/p65 and p50/c-Rel complexes. Immunochemical and immunofluorescent staining of thymus sections using specific Abs allowed visualization of nuclear NF-kappa B proteins in both thymocytes and nonthymocyte cells. This detection suggested a preferential activation of p50/c-Rel in medullary thymocytes, whereas p50/p65 was present in both cortical and medullary regions of human thymus lobules. However, the intensity of p65 labeling was much higher in several thymocytes from the medulla. p65, p50, and c-Rel activities were found in both CD4- and CD8-positive thymocytes. These observations suggest that p65 and c-Rel complexes play distinct roles in gene expression and that both forms of NF-kappa B play critical roles during late stages of the intrathymic maturation of T cells.	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Nuclear, Rel - A, c - Rel, p50, p65, p50, c - Rel, p50, c - Rel, p50, p65, p65, p65, p50, c - Rel, p65, c - Rel	9058790_task2	Sentence: Nuclear Rel-A and c-Rel protein complexes are differentially distributed within human thymocytes. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B)/Rel proteins are inducible transcriptional regulators of numerous cellular genes. They are particularly abundant in lymphoid tissues and are thought to be critical for the transcription of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. We have reported previously that a nuclear NF-kappa B activity was present in freshly extracted human thymocytes in the absence of in vitro treatment of these cells. In the present report, we identified NF-kappa B proteins extracted from human thymocyte nuclei as being p50/p65 and p50/c-Rel complexes. Immunochemical and immunofluorescent staining of thymus sections using specific Abs allowed visualization of nuclear NF-kappa B proteins in both thymocytes and nonthymocyte cells. This detection suggested a preferential activation of p50/c-Rel in medullary thymocytes, whereas p50/p65 was present in both cortical and medullary regions of human thymus lobules. However, the intensity of p65 labeling was much higher in several thymocytes from the medulla. p65, p50, and c-Rel activities were found in both CD4- and CD8-positive thymocytes. These observations suggest that p65 and c-Rel complexes play distinct roles in gene expression and that both forms of NF-kappa B play critical roles during late stages of the intrathymic maturation of T cells. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Entity", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Nuclear Rel-A and c-Rel protein complexes are differentially distributed within human thymocytes. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B)/Rel proteins are inducible transcriptional regulators of numerous cellular genes. They are particularly abundant in lymphoid tissues and are thought to be critical for the transcription of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. We have reported previously that a nuclear NF-kappa B activity was present in freshly extracted human thymocytes in the absence of in vitro treatment of these cells. In the present report, we identified NF-kappa B proteins extracted from human thymocyte nuclei as being p50/p65 and p50/c-Rel complexes. Immunochemical and immunofluorescent staining of thymus sections using specific Abs allowed visualization of nuclear NF-kappa B proteins in both thymocytes and nonthymocyte cells. This detection suggested a preferential activation of p50/c-Rel in medullary thymocytes, whereas p50/p65 was present in both cortical and medullary regions of human thymus lobules. However, the intensity of p65 labeling was much higher in several thymocytes from the medulla. p65, p50, and c-Rel activities were found in both CD4- and CD8-positive thymocytes. These observations suggest that p65 and c-Rel complexes play distinct roles in gene expression and that both forms of NF-kappa B play critical roles during late stages of the intrathymic maturation of T cells.	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Feten is an umlsterm, Trisomie is an umlsterm, Turner - Syndrom is an umlsterm, Ultraschalluntersuchung is an umlsterm, Pathophysiologie is an umlsterm, Geweben is an umlsterm, Haut is an umlsterm, Gendosiseffekts is an umlsterm, Genkopien is an umlsterm, Trisomien is an umlsterm, Genkopien is an umlsterm, Haut is an umlsterm, Arterien is an umlsterm	DerGynaekologe.90320193.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Bei etwa 80 % der Feten mit Trisomie 21 18 oder 13 , und dem Turner-Syndrom kann eine Fluessigkeitsansammlung in der Nackenregion zwischen der 10. und 14. SSW beobachtet werden . Diese macht sich als erhoehter Messwert bei der " nuchal-translucency " Ultraschalluntersuchung bemerkbar . Die Pathophysiologie dieses allgemein zu beobachtenden Phaenotypes unterschiedlicher chromosomaler Stoerungen ist unklar , aber es gibt einige Hinweise , dass einer der Mechanismen kardiale Herzinsuffizienz sein koennte . Man fuehrt dies auf Anomalien des Herzens und der grossen Gefaesse zurueck , sowie auf Veraenderungen der extrazellulaeren Matrix von Geweben und in der Haut . Letztere koennte Folge eines Gendosiseffekts der 3 Genkopien bei Trisomien , anstatt der normalerweise vorliegenden 2 Genkopien sein , die zu einer Veraenderung der extrazellulaeren Matrix der Haut oder einer abnormalen Entwicklung des Herzens und der grossen Arterien fuehren . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	Bei etwa 80 % der Feten mit Trisomie 21 18 oder 13 , und dem Turner-Syndrom kann eine Fluessigkeitsansammlung in der Nackenregion zwischen der 10. und 14. SSW beobachtet werden . Diese macht sich als erhoehter Messwert bei der " nuchal-translucency " Ultraschalluntersuchung bemerkbar . Die Pathophysiologie dieses allgemein zu beobachtenden Phaenotypes unterschiedlicher chromosomaler Stoerungen ist unklar , aber es gibt einige Hinweise , dass einer der Mechanismen kardiale Herzinsuffizienz sein koennte . Man fuehrt dies auf Anomalien des Herzens und der grossen Gefaesse zurueck , sowie auf Veraenderungen der extrazellulaeren Matrix von Geweben und in der Haut . Letztere koennte Folge eines Gendosiseffekts der 3 Genkopien bei Trisomien , anstatt der normalerweise vorliegenden 2 Genkopien sein , die zu einer Veraenderung der extrazellulaeren Matrix der Haut oder einer abnormalen Entwicklung des Herzens und der grossen Arterien fuehren .	[ "Bei", "etwa", "80", "%", "der", "Feten", "mit", "Trisomie", "21", "18", "oder", "13", ",", "und", "dem", "Turner", "-", "Syndrom", "kann", "eine", "Fluessigkeitsansammlung", "in", "der", "Nackenregion", "zwischen", "der", "10", ".", "und", "14", ".", "SSW", "beobachtet", "werden", ".", "Diese", "macht", "sich", "als", "erhoehter", "Messwert", "bei", "der", "\"", "nuchal", "-", "translucency", "\"", "Ultraschalluntersuchung", "bemerkbar", ".", "Die", "Pathophysiologie", "dieses", "allgemein", "zu", "beobachtenden", "Phaenotypes", "unterschiedlicher", "chromosomaler", "Stoerungen", "ist", "unklar", ",", "aber", "es", "gibt", "einige", "Hinweise", ",", "dass", "einer", "der", "Mechanismen", "kardiale", "Herzinsuffizienz", "sein", "koennte", ".", "Man", "fuehrt", "dies", "auf", "Anomalien", "des", "Herzens", "und", "der", "grossen", "Gefaesse", "zurueck", ",", "sowie", "auf", "Veraenderungen", "der", "extrazellulaeren", "Matrix", "von", "Geweben", "und", "in", "der", "Haut", ".", "Letztere", "koennte", "Folge", "eines", "Gendosiseffekts", "der", "3", "Genkopien", "bei", "Trisomien", ",", "anstatt", "der", "normalerweise", "vorliegenden", "2", "Genkopien", "sein", ",", "die", "zu", "einer", "Veraenderung", "der", "extrazellulaeren", "Matrix", "der", "Haut", "oder", "einer", "abnormalen", "Entwicklung", "des", "Herzens", "und", "der", "grossen", "Arterien", "fuehren", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Feten is an umlsterm, Trisomie is an umlsterm, Turner - Syndrom is an umlsterm, Ultraschalluntersuchung is an umlsterm, Pathophysiologie is an umlsterm, Geweben is an umlsterm, Haut is an umlsterm, Gendosiseffekts is an umlsterm, Genkopien is an umlsterm, Trisomien is an umlsterm, Genkopien is an umlsterm, Haut is an umlsterm, Arterien is an umlsterm	DerGynaekologe.90320193.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Bei etwa 80 % der Feten mit Trisomie 21 18 oder 13 , und dem Turner-Syndrom kann eine Fluessigkeitsansammlung in der Nackenregion zwischen der 10. und 14. SSW beobachtet werden . Diese macht sich als erhoehter Messwert bei der " nuchal-translucency " Ultraschalluntersuchung bemerkbar . Die Pathophysiologie dieses allgemein zu beobachtenden Phaenotypes unterschiedlicher chromosomaler Stoerungen ist unklar , aber es gibt einige Hinweise , dass einer der Mechanismen kardiale Herzinsuffizienz sein koennte . Man fuehrt dies auf Anomalien des Herzens und der grossen Gefaesse zurueck , sowie auf Veraenderungen der extrazellulaeren Matrix von Geweben und in der Haut . Letztere koennte Folge eines Gendosiseffekts der 3 Genkopien bei Trisomien , anstatt der normalerweise vorliegenden 2 Genkopien sein , die zu einer Veraenderung der extrazellulaeren Matrix der Haut oder einer abnormalen Entwicklung des Herzens und der grossen Arterien fuehren . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Feten, Trisomie, Turner - Syndrom, Ultraschalluntersuchung, Pathophysiologie, Geweben, Haut, Gendosiseffekts, Genkopien, Trisomien, Genkopien, Haut, Arterien Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	Bei etwa 80 % der Feten mit Trisomie 21 18 oder 13 , und dem Turner-Syndrom kann eine Fluessigkeitsansammlung in der Nackenregion zwischen der 10. und 14. SSW beobachtet werden . Diese macht sich als erhoehter Messwert bei der " nuchal-translucency " Ultraschalluntersuchung bemerkbar . Die Pathophysiologie dieses allgemein zu beobachtenden Phaenotypes unterschiedlicher chromosomaler Stoerungen ist unklar , aber es gibt einige Hinweise , dass einer der Mechanismen kardiale Herzinsuffizienz sein koennte . Man fuehrt dies auf Anomalien des Herzens und der grossen Gefaesse zurueck , sowie auf Veraenderungen der extrazellulaeren Matrix von Geweben und in der Haut . Letztere koennte Folge eines Gendosiseffekts der 3 Genkopien bei Trisomien , anstatt der normalerweise vorliegenden 2 Genkopien sein , die zu einer Veraenderung der extrazellulaeren Matrix der Haut oder einer abnormalen Entwicklung des Herzens und der grossen Arterien fuehren .	[ "Bei", "etwa", "80", "%", "der", "Feten", "mit", "Trisomie", "21", "18", "oder", "13", ",", "und", "dem", "Turner", "-", "Syndrom", "kann", "eine", "Fluessigkeitsansammlung", "in", "der", "Nackenregion", "zwischen", "der", "10", ".", "und", "14", ".", "SSW", "beobachtet", "werden", ".", "Diese", "macht", "sich", "als", "erhoehter", "Messwert", "bei", "der", "\"", "nuchal", "-", "translucency", "\"", "Ultraschalluntersuchung", "bemerkbar", ".", "Die", "Pathophysiologie", "dieses", "allgemein", "zu", "beobachtenden", "Phaenotypes", "unterschiedlicher", "chromosomaler", "Stoerungen", "ist", "unklar", ",", "aber", "es", "gibt", "einige", "Hinweise", ",", "dass", "einer", "der", "Mechanismen", "kardiale", "Herzinsuffizienz", "sein", "koennte", ".", "Man", "fuehrt", "dies", "auf", "Anomalien", "des", "Herzens", "und", "der", "grossen", "Gefaesse", "zurueck", ",", "sowie", "auf", "Veraenderungen", "der", "extrazellulaeren", "Matrix", "von", "Geweben", "und", "in", "der", "Haut", ".", "Letztere", "koennte", "Folge", "eines", "Gendosiseffekts", "der", "3", "Genkopien", "bei", "Trisomien", ",", "anstatt", "der", "normalerweise", "vorliegenden", "2", "Genkopien", "sein", ",", "die", "zu", "einer", "Veraenderung", "der", "extrazellulaeren", "Matrix", "der", "Haut", "oder", "einer", "abnormalen", "Entwicklung", "des", "Herzens", "und", "der", "grossen", "Arterien", "fuehren", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Feten, Trisomie, Turner - Syndrom, Ultraschalluntersuchung, Pathophysiologie, Geweben, Haut, Gendosiseffekts, Genkopien, Trisomien, Genkopien, Haut, Arterien	DerGynaekologe.90320193.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Bei etwa 80 % der Feten mit Trisomie 21 18 oder 13 , und dem Turner-Syndrom kann eine Fluessigkeitsansammlung in der Nackenregion zwischen der 10. und 14. SSW beobachtet werden . Diese macht sich als erhoehter Messwert bei der " nuchal-translucency " Ultraschalluntersuchung bemerkbar . Die Pathophysiologie dieses allgemein zu beobachtenden Phaenotypes unterschiedlicher chromosomaler Stoerungen ist unklar , aber es gibt einige Hinweise , dass einer der Mechanismen kardiale Herzinsuffizienz sein koennte . Man fuehrt dies auf Anomalien des Herzens und der grossen Gefaesse zurueck , sowie auf Veraenderungen der extrazellulaeren Matrix von Geweben und in der Haut . Letztere koennte Folge eines Gendosiseffekts der 3 Genkopien bei Trisomien , anstatt der normalerweise vorliegenden 2 Genkopien sein , die zu einer Veraenderung der extrazellulaeren Matrix der Haut oder einer abnormalen Entwicklung des Herzens und der grossen Arterien fuehren . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	Bei etwa 80 % der Feten mit Trisomie 21 18 oder 13 , und dem Turner-Syndrom kann eine Fluessigkeitsansammlung in der Nackenregion zwischen der 10. und 14. SSW beobachtet werden . Diese macht sich als erhoehter Messwert bei der " nuchal-translucency " Ultraschalluntersuchung bemerkbar . Die Pathophysiologie dieses allgemein zu beobachtenden Phaenotypes unterschiedlicher chromosomaler Stoerungen ist unklar , aber es gibt einige Hinweise , dass einer der Mechanismen kardiale Herzinsuffizienz sein koennte . Man fuehrt dies auf Anomalien des Herzens und der grossen Gefaesse zurueck , sowie auf Veraenderungen der extrazellulaeren Matrix von Geweben und in der Haut . Letztere koennte Folge eines Gendosiseffekts der 3 Genkopien bei Trisomien , anstatt der normalerweise vorliegenden 2 Genkopien sein , die zu einer Veraenderung der extrazellulaeren Matrix der Haut oder einer abnormalen Entwicklung des Herzens und der grossen Arterien fuehren .	[ "Bei", "etwa", "80", "%", "der", "Feten", "mit", "Trisomie", "21", "18", "oder", "13", ",", "und", "dem", "Turner", "-", "Syndrom", "kann", "eine", "Fluessigkeitsansammlung", "in", "der", "Nackenregion", "zwischen", "der", "10", ".", "und", "14", ".", "SSW", "beobachtet", "werden", ".", "Diese", "macht", "sich", "als", "erhoehter", "Messwert", "bei", "der", "\"", "nuchal", "-", "translucency", "\"", "Ultraschalluntersuchung", "bemerkbar", ".", "Die", "Pathophysiologie", "dieses", "allgemein", "zu", "beobachtenden", "Phaenotypes", "unterschiedlicher", "chromosomaler", "Stoerungen", "ist", "unklar", ",", "aber", "es", "gibt", "einige", "Hinweise", ",", "dass", "einer", "der", "Mechanismen", "kardiale", "Herzinsuffizienz", "sein", "koennte", ".", "Man", "fuehrt", "dies", "auf", "Anomalien", "des", "Herzens", "und", "der", "grossen", "Gefaesse", "zurueck", ",", "sowie", "auf", "Veraenderungen", "der", "extrazellulaeren", "Matrix", "von", "Geweben", "und", "in", "der", "Haut", ".", "Letztere", "koennte", "Folge", "eines", "Gendosiseffekts", "der", "3", "Genkopien", "bei", "Trisomien", ",", "anstatt", "der", "normalerweise", "vorliegenden", "2", "Genkopien", "sein", ",", "die", "zu", "einer", "Veraenderung", "der", "extrazellulaeren", "Matrix", "der", "Haut", "oder", "einer", "abnormalen", "Entwicklung", "des", "Herzens", "und", "der", "grossen", "Arterien", "fuehren", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
breast cancer is a Condition, undergoing is a Temporal, unilateral mastectomy is a Measurement, axillary node dissection is a Procedure	NCT02627560_inc_task0	Sentence: breast cancer undergoing unilateral mastectomy with or without axillary node dissection received adequate oral and written information about the study and signed an informed-consent form Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Temporal, Condition, Procedure, Measurement	[ "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Temporal", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	breast cancer undergoing unilateral mastectomy with or without axillary node dissection received adequate oral and written information about the study and signed an informed-consent form	[ "breast", "cancer", "\n", "undergoing", "unilateral", "mastectomy", "with", "or", "without", "axillary", "node", "dissection", "\n", "received", "adequate", "oral", "and", "written", "information", "about", "the", "study", "and", "signed", "an", "informed", "-", "consent", "form", "\n" ]	[ "Procedure", "Measurement", "Condition", "Temporal" ]
breast cancer is a Condition, undergoing is a Temporal, unilateral mastectomy is a Measurement, axillary node dissection is a Procedure	NCT02627560_inc_task1	Sentence: breast cancer undergoing unilateral mastectomy with or without axillary node dissection received adequate oral and written information about the study and signed an informed-consent form Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: breast cancer, undergoing, unilateral mastectomy, axillary node dissection Options: Temporal, Condition, Procedure, Measurement	[ "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Temporal", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	breast cancer undergoing unilateral mastectomy with or without axillary node dissection received adequate oral and written information about the study and signed an informed-consent form	[ "breast", "cancer", "\n", "undergoing", "unilateral", "mastectomy", "with", "or", "without", "axillary", "node", "dissection", "\n", "received", "adequate", "oral", "and", "written", "information", "about", "the", "study", "and", "signed", "an", "informed", "-", "consent", "form", "\n" ]	[ "Procedure", "Measurement", "Condition", "Temporal" ]
breast cancer, undergoing, unilateral mastectomy, axillary node dissection	NCT02627560_inc_task2	Sentence: breast cancer undergoing unilateral mastectomy with or without axillary node dissection received adequate oral and written information about the study and signed an informed-consent form Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Temporal", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	breast cancer undergoing unilateral mastectomy with or without axillary node dissection received adequate oral and written information about the study and signed an informed-consent form	[ "breast", "cancer", "\n", "undergoing", "unilateral", "mastectomy", "with", "or", "without", "axillary", "node", "dissection", "\n", "received", "adequate", "oral", "and", "written", "information", "about", "the", "study", "and", "signed", "an", "informed", "-", "consent", "form", "\n" ]	[ "Procedure", "Measurement", "Condition", "Temporal" ]
glycerol is an umlsterm, Glycerol is an umlsterm, lipid is an umlsterm, lipids is an umlsterm, urea is an umlsterm, desmosomes is an umlsterm, glycerol is an umlsterm, skin is an umlsterm, elasticity is an umlsterm, Glycerol is an umlsterm, tensides is an umlsterm, epidermis is an umlsterm, regeneration is an umlsterm, glycerol is an umlsterm, urea is an umlsterm, proven is an umlsterm, hexylnicotinate is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.80490006.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: The effects of glycerol are discussed in detail . Glycerol can lead to a transition of crystalline lipid structures within the horny layer lipids into liquid crystalline states . Especially if applied in oil/water-emulsions it improves , the hydration of the horny layers better than urea . In addition , if facilitates the dissolution of desmosomes within the superior layers of the horny layer enhancing desquamation . Furthermore , by using glycerol , the mechanical properties of the skin can be influenced ; long term used leads to increased elasticity . The roughness of the horny layer is reduced , which can be explained by the abrasive and/or the hydrating effect . Glycerol used in o/w-emulsions also protects against the influence of tensides or noxious lipophilic agents . Presumably a flux from the base of the epidermis towards its surface triggers the regeneration of the barrier . Finally , glycerol can lead - similarly to urea - to an improvement in active agent penetration , as has been proven for hexylnicotinate . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	The effects of glycerol are discussed in detail . Glycerol can lead to a transition of crystalline lipid structures within the horny layer lipids into liquid crystalline states . Especially if applied in oil/water-emulsions it improves , the hydration of the horny layers better than urea . In addition , if facilitates the dissolution of desmosomes within the superior layers of the horny layer enhancing desquamation . Furthermore , by using glycerol , the mechanical properties of the skin can be influenced ; long term used leads to increased elasticity . The roughness of the horny layer is reduced , which can be explained by the abrasive and/or the hydrating effect . Glycerol used in o/w-emulsions also protects against the influence of tensides or noxious lipophilic agents . Presumably a flux from the base of the epidermis towards its surface triggers the regeneration of the barrier . Finally , glycerol can lead - similarly to urea - to an improvement in active agent penetration , as has been proven for hexylnicotinate .	[ "The", "effects", "of", "glycerol", "are", "discussed", "in", "detail", ".", "Glycerol", "can", "lead", "to", "a", "transition", "of", "crystalline", "lipid", "structures", "within", "the", "horny", "layer", "lipids", "into", "liquid", "crystalline", "states", ".", "Especially", "if", "applied", "in", "oil", "/", "water", "-", "emulsions", "it", "improves", ",", "the", "hydration", "of", "the", "horny", "layers", "better", "than", "urea", ".", "In", "addition", ",", "if", "facilitates", "the", "dissolution", "of", "desmosomes", "within", "the", "superior", "layers", "of", "the", "horny", "layer", "enhancing", "desquamation", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "by", "using", "glycerol", ",", "the", "mechanical", "properties", "of", "the", "skin", "can", "be", "influenced", ";", "long", "term", "used", "leads", "to", "increased", "elasticity", ".", "The", "roughness", "of", "the", "horny", "layer", "is", "reduced", ",", "which", "can", "be", "explained", "by", "the", "abrasive", "and", "/", "or", "the", "hydrating", "effect", ".", "Glycerol", "used", "in", "o", "/", "w", "-", "emulsions", "also", "protects", "against", "the", "influence", "of", "tensides", "or", "noxious", "lipophilic", "agents", ".", "Presumably", "a", "flux", "from", "the", "base", "of", "the", "epidermis", "towards", "its", "surface", "triggers", "the", "regeneration", "of", "the", "barrier", ".", "Finally", ",", "glycerol", "can", "lead", "-", "similarly", "to", "urea", "-", "to", "an", "improvement", "in", "active", "agent", "penetration", ",", "as", "has", "been", "proven", "for", "hexylnicotinate", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
glycerol is an umlsterm, Glycerol is an umlsterm, lipid is an umlsterm, lipids is an umlsterm, urea is an umlsterm, desmosomes is an umlsterm, glycerol is an umlsterm, skin is an umlsterm, elasticity is an umlsterm, Glycerol is an umlsterm, tensides is an umlsterm, epidermis is an umlsterm, regeneration is an umlsterm, glycerol is an umlsterm, urea is an umlsterm, proven is an umlsterm, hexylnicotinate is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.80490006.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: The effects of glycerol are discussed in detail . Glycerol can lead to a transition of crystalline lipid structures within the horny layer lipids into liquid crystalline states . Especially if applied in oil/water-emulsions it improves , the hydration of the horny layers better than urea . In addition , if facilitates the dissolution of desmosomes within the superior layers of the horny layer enhancing desquamation . Furthermore , by using glycerol , the mechanical properties of the skin can be influenced ; long term used leads to increased elasticity . The roughness of the horny layer is reduced , which can be explained by the abrasive and/or the hydrating effect . Glycerol used in o/w-emulsions also protects against the influence of tensides or noxious lipophilic agents . Presumably a flux from the base of the epidermis towards its surface triggers the regeneration of the barrier . Finally , glycerol can lead - similarly to urea - to an improvement in active agent penetration , as has been proven for hexylnicotinate . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: glycerol, Glycerol, lipid, lipids, urea, desmosomes, glycerol, skin, elasticity, Glycerol, tensides, epidermis, regeneration, glycerol, urea, proven, hexylnicotinate Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	The effects of glycerol are discussed in detail . Glycerol can lead to a transition of crystalline lipid structures within the horny layer lipids into liquid crystalline states . Especially if applied in oil/water-emulsions it improves , the hydration of the horny layers better than urea . In addition , if facilitates the dissolution of desmosomes within the superior layers of the horny layer enhancing desquamation . Furthermore , by using glycerol , the mechanical properties of the skin can be influenced ; long term used leads to increased elasticity . The roughness of the horny layer is reduced , which can be explained by the abrasive and/or the hydrating effect . Glycerol used in o/w-emulsions also protects against the influence of tensides or noxious lipophilic agents . Presumably a flux from the base of the epidermis towards its surface triggers the regeneration of the barrier . Finally , glycerol can lead - similarly to urea - to an improvement in active agent penetration , as has been proven for hexylnicotinate .	[ "The", "effects", "of", "glycerol", "are", "discussed", "in", "detail", ".", "Glycerol", "can", "lead", "to", "a", "transition", "of", "crystalline", "lipid", "structures", "within", "the", "horny", "layer", "lipids", "into", "liquid", "crystalline", "states", ".", "Especially", "if", "applied", "in", "oil", "/", "water", "-", "emulsions", "it", "improves", ",", "the", "hydration", "of", "the", "horny", "layers", "better", "than", "urea", ".", "In", "addition", ",", "if", "facilitates", "the", "dissolution", "of", "desmosomes", "within", "the", "superior", "layers", "of", "the", "horny", "layer", "enhancing", "desquamation", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "by", "using", "glycerol", ",", "the", "mechanical", "properties", "of", "the", "skin", "can", "be", "influenced", ";", "long", "term", "used", "leads", "to", "increased", "elasticity", ".", "The", "roughness", "of", "the", "horny", "layer", "is", "reduced", ",", "which", "can", "be", "explained", "by", "the", "abrasive", "and", "/", "or", "the", "hydrating", "effect", ".", "Glycerol", "used", "in", "o", "/", "w", "-", "emulsions", "also", "protects", "against", "the", "influence", "of", "tensides", "or", "noxious", "lipophilic", "agents", ".", "Presumably", "a", "flux", "from", "the", "base", "of", "the", "epidermis", "towards", "its", "surface", "triggers", "the", "regeneration", "of", "the", "barrier", ".", "Finally", ",", "glycerol", "can", "lead", "-", "similarly", "to", "urea", "-", "to", "an", "improvement", "in", "active", "agent", "penetration", ",", "as", "has", "been", "proven", "for", "hexylnicotinate", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
glycerol, Glycerol, lipid, lipids, urea, desmosomes, glycerol, skin, elasticity, Glycerol, tensides, epidermis, regeneration, glycerol, urea, proven, hexylnicotinate	DerHautarzt.80490006.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: The effects of glycerol are discussed in detail . Glycerol can lead to a transition of crystalline lipid structures within the horny layer lipids into liquid crystalline states . Especially if applied in oil/water-emulsions it improves , the hydration of the horny layers better than urea . In addition , if facilitates the dissolution of desmosomes within the superior layers of the horny layer enhancing desquamation . Furthermore , by using glycerol , the mechanical properties of the skin can be influenced ; long term used leads to increased elasticity . The roughness of the horny layer is reduced , which can be explained by the abrasive and/or the hydrating effect . Glycerol used in o/w-emulsions also protects against the influence of tensides or noxious lipophilic agents . Presumably a flux from the base of the epidermis towards its surface triggers the regeneration of the barrier . Finally , glycerol can lead - similarly to urea - to an improvement in active agent penetration , as has been proven for hexylnicotinate . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	The effects of glycerol are discussed in detail . Glycerol can lead to a transition of crystalline lipid structures within the horny layer lipids into liquid crystalline states . Especially if applied in oil/water-emulsions it improves , the hydration of the horny layers better than urea . In addition , if facilitates the dissolution of desmosomes within the superior layers of the horny layer enhancing desquamation . Furthermore , by using glycerol , the mechanical properties of the skin can be influenced ; long term used leads to increased elasticity . The roughness of the horny layer is reduced , which can be explained by the abrasive and/or the hydrating effect . Glycerol used in o/w-emulsions also protects against the influence of tensides or noxious lipophilic agents . Presumably a flux from the base of the epidermis towards its surface triggers the regeneration of the barrier . Finally , glycerol can lead - similarly to urea - to an improvement in active agent penetration , as has been proven for hexylnicotinate .	[ "The", "effects", "of", "glycerol", "are", "discussed", "in", "detail", ".", "Glycerol", "can", "lead", "to", "a", "transition", "of", "crystalline", "lipid", "structures", "within", "the", "horny", "layer", "lipids", "into", "liquid", "crystalline", "states", ".", "Especially", "if", "applied", "in", "oil", "/", "water", "-", "emulsions", "it", "improves", ",", "the", "hydration", "of", "the", "horny", "layers", "better", "than", "urea", ".", "In", "addition", ",", "if", "facilitates", "the", "dissolution", "of", "desmosomes", "within", "the", "superior", "layers", "of", "the", "horny", "layer", "enhancing", "desquamation", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "by", "using", "glycerol", ",", "the", "mechanical", "properties", "of", "the", "skin", "can", "be", "influenced", ";", "long", "term", "used", "leads", "to", "increased", "elasticity", ".", "The", "roughness", "of", "the", "horny", "layer", "is", "reduced", ",", "which", "can", "be", "explained", "by", "the", "abrasive", "and", "/", "or", "the", "hydrating", "effect", ".", "Glycerol", "used", "in", "o", "/", "w", "-", "emulsions", "also", "protects", "against", "the", "influence", "of", "tensides", "or", "noxious", "lipophilic", "agents", ".", "Presumably", "a", "flux", "from", "the", "base", "of", "the", "epidermis", "towards", "its", "surface", "triggers", "the", "regeneration", "of", "the", "barrier", ".", "Finally", ",", "glycerol", "can", "lead", "-", "similarly", "to", "urea", "-", "to", "an", "improvement", "in", "active", "agent", "penetration", ",", "as", "has", "been", "proven", "for", "hexylnicotinate", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Opportunistic infections is an umlsterm, long - term treatment is an umlsterm, azathioprine is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, myasthenia gravis is an umlsterm, woman is an umlsterm, cytomegalovirus infection is an umlsterm, immunosuppressive is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm	DerNervenarzt.90700924.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Opportunistic infections after long-term treatment with azathioprine ( AZA ) have not been noted in patients with myasthenia gravis ( MG ) . We report on a 56-year-old woman with generalized MG who presented with cytomegalovirus infection after being treated with AZA for 17 years . The indication for immunosuppressive treatment in MG should be regularly reconfirmed , particularly since at least 50% of patients can discontinue AZA after two to four years without risk of exacerbation . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	Opportunistic infections after long-term treatment with azathioprine ( AZA ) have not been noted in patients with myasthenia gravis ( MG ) . We report on a 56-year-old woman with generalized MG who presented with cytomegalovirus infection after being treated with AZA for 17 years . The indication for immunosuppressive treatment in MG should be regularly reconfirmed , particularly since at least 50% of patients can discontinue AZA after two to four years without risk of exacerbation .	[ "Opportunistic", "infections", "after", "long", "-", "term", "treatment", "with", "azathioprine", "(", "AZA", ")", "have", "not", "been", "noted", "in", "patients", "with", "myasthenia", "gravis", "(", "MG", ")", ".", "We", "report", "on", "a", "56-year", "-", "old", "woman", "with", "generalized", "MG", "who", "presented", "with", "cytomegalovirus", "infection", "after", "being", "treated", "with", "AZA", "for", "17", "years", ".", "The", "indication", "for", "immunosuppressive", "treatment", "in", "MG", "should", "be", "regularly", "reconfirmed", ",", "particularly", "since", "at", "least", "50", "%", "of", "patients", "can", "discontinue", "AZA", "after", "two", "to", "four", "years", "without", "risk", "of", "exacerbation", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Opportunistic infections is an umlsterm, long - term treatment is an umlsterm, azathioprine is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, myasthenia gravis is an umlsterm, woman is an umlsterm, cytomegalovirus infection is an umlsterm, immunosuppressive is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm	DerNervenarzt.90700924.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Opportunistic infections after long-term treatment with azathioprine ( AZA ) have not been noted in patients with myasthenia gravis ( MG ) . We report on a 56-year-old woman with generalized MG who presented with cytomegalovirus infection after being treated with AZA for 17 years . The indication for immunosuppressive treatment in MG should be regularly reconfirmed , particularly since at least 50% of patients can discontinue AZA after two to four years without risk of exacerbation . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Opportunistic infections, long - term treatment, azathioprine, patients, myasthenia gravis, woman, cytomegalovirus infection, immunosuppressive, treatment, patients, risk of Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	Opportunistic infections after long-term treatment with azathioprine ( AZA ) have not been noted in patients with myasthenia gravis ( MG ) . We report on a 56-year-old woman with generalized MG who presented with cytomegalovirus infection after being treated with AZA for 17 years . The indication for immunosuppressive treatment in MG should be regularly reconfirmed , particularly since at least 50% of patients can discontinue AZA after two to four years without risk of exacerbation .	[ "Opportunistic", "infections", "after", "long", "-", "term", "treatment", "with", "azathioprine", "(", "AZA", ")", "have", "not", "been", "noted", "in", "patients", "with", "myasthenia", "gravis", "(", "MG", ")", ".", "We", "report", "on", "a", "56-year", "-", "old", "woman", "with", "generalized", "MG", "who", "presented", "with", "cytomegalovirus", "infection", "after", "being", "treated", "with", "AZA", "for", "17", "years", ".", "The", "indication", "for", "immunosuppressive", "treatment", "in", "MG", "should", "be", "regularly", "reconfirmed", ",", "particularly", "since", "at", "least", "50", "%", "of", "patients", "can", "discontinue", "AZA", "after", "two", "to", "four", "years", "without", "risk", "of", "exacerbation", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Opportunistic infections, long - term treatment, azathioprine, patients, myasthenia gravis, woman, cytomegalovirus infection, immunosuppressive, treatment, patients, risk of	DerNervenarzt.90700924.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Opportunistic infections after long-term treatment with azathioprine ( AZA ) have not been noted in patients with myasthenia gravis ( MG ) . We report on a 56-year-old woman with generalized MG who presented with cytomegalovirus infection after being treated with AZA for 17 years . The indication for immunosuppressive treatment in MG should be regularly reconfirmed , particularly since at least 50% of patients can discontinue AZA after two to four years without risk of exacerbation . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	Opportunistic infections after long-term treatment with azathioprine ( AZA ) have not been noted in patients with myasthenia gravis ( MG ) . We report on a 56-year-old woman with generalized MG who presented with cytomegalovirus infection after being treated with AZA for 17 years . The indication for immunosuppressive treatment in MG should be regularly reconfirmed , particularly since at least 50% of patients can discontinue AZA after two to four years without risk of exacerbation .	[ "Opportunistic", "infections", "after", "long", "-", "term", "treatment", "with", "azathioprine", "(", "AZA", ")", "have", "not", "been", "noted", "in", "patients", "with", "myasthenia", "gravis", "(", "MG", ")", ".", "We", "report", "on", "a", "56-year", "-", "old", "woman", "with", "generalized", "MG", "who", "presented", "with", "cytomegalovirus", "infection", "after", "being", "treated", "with", "AZA", "for", "17", "years", ".", "The", "indication", "for", "immunosuppressive", "treatment", "in", "MG", "should", "be", "regularly", "reconfirmed", ",", "particularly", "since", "at", "least", "50", "%", "of", "patients", "can", "discontinue", "AZA", "after", "two", "to", "four", "years", "without", "risk", "of", "exacerbation", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Tumor necrosis factor ( TNF)-alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, p24 is a Protein, CD4 is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, IL-2 is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, p24 is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, Tat is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein	808_task0	Sentence: Replication of human immunodeficiency virus-1 in primary human T cells is dependent on the autocrine secretion of tumor necrosis factor through the control of nuclear factor-kappa B activation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha controls T-cell activation and is a major inducer of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication in chronically infected cells. Therefore, we have investigated its role in primary cultures of HIV-infected human T lymphocytes by using neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies or TNF-alpha. Primary resting T lymphocytes produced TNF-alpha and supported HIV replication after T-cell receptor activation. Addition of neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies drastically reduced p24 antigen release and prevented CD4+ cell depletion associated with infection. Anti-TNF-alpha also prevented nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation, and a good correlation between this inhibition and inhibition of HIV replication was observed. Moreover, supplementing the cultures with high doses of IL-2 reverted anti-TNF-alpha inhibition of cell proliferation but did not affect the inhibition of HIV p24 antigen release or NF-kappa B activation in the same cultures. Moreover, anti-TNF-alpha inhibited HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)-driven transcription of a reporter gene in primary T cells in response to activation, either in the presence or the absence of HIV-1 Tat. Our results support an important role for autocrine TNF-alpha secretion in controlling HIV replication in primary T cells because of its ability to maintain NF-kappa B elevated in the nucleus of T cells. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Replication of human immunodeficiency virus-1 in primary human T cells is dependent on the autocrine secretion of tumor necrosis factor through the control of nuclear factor-kappa B activation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha controls T-cell activation and is a major inducer of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication in chronically infected cells. Therefore, we have investigated its role in primary cultures of HIV-infected human T lymphocytes by using neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies or TNF-alpha. Primary resting T lymphocytes produced TNF-alpha and supported HIV replication after T-cell receptor activation. Addition of neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies drastically reduced p24 antigen release and prevented CD4+ cell depletion associated with infection. Anti-TNF-alpha also prevented nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation, and a good correlation between this inhibition and inhibition of HIV replication was observed. Moreover, supplementing the cultures with high doses of IL-2 reverted anti-TNF-alpha inhibition of cell proliferation but did not affect the inhibition of HIV p24 antigen release or NF-kappa B activation in the same cultures. Moreover, anti-TNF-alpha inhibited HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)-driven transcription of a reporter gene in primary T cells in response to activation, either in the presence or the absence of HIV-1 Tat. Our results support an important role for autocrine TNF-alpha secretion in controlling HIV replication in primary T cells because of its ability to maintain NF-kappa B elevated in the nucleus of T cells.	[ "Replication", "of", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus-1", "in", "primary", "human", "T", "cells", "is", "dependent", "on", "the", "autocrine", "secretion", "of", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "through", "the", "control", "of", "nuclear", "factor", "-", "kappa", "B", "activation", ".", "\n", "Tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "(", "TNF)-alpha", "controls", "T", "-", "cell", "activation", "and", "is", "a", "major", "inducer", "of", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "(", "HIV)-1", "replication", "in", "chronically", "infected", "cells", ".", "Therefore", ",", "we", "have", "investigated", "its", "role", "in", "primary", "cultures", "of", "HIV", "-", "infected", "human", "T", "lymphocytes", "by", "using", "neutralizing", "anti", "-", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "antibodies", "or", "TNF", "-", "alpha", ".", "Primary", "resting", "T", "lymphocytes", "produced", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "and", "supported", "HIV", "replication", "after", "T", "-", "cell", "receptor", "activation", ".", "Addition", "of", "neutralizing", "anti", "-", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "antibodies", "drastically", "reduced", "p24", "antigen", "release", "and", "prevented", "CD4", "+", "cell", "depletion", "associated", "with", "infection", ".", "Anti", "-", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "also", "prevented", "nuclear", "factor", "-", "kappa", "B", "(", "NF", "-", "kappa", "B", ")", "activation", ",", "and", "a", "good", "correlation", "between", "this", "inhibition", "and", "inhibition", "of", "HIV", "replication", "was", "observed", ".", "Moreover", ",", "supplementing", "the", "cultures", "with", "high", "doses", "of", "IL-2", "reverted", "anti", "-", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "inhibition", "of", "cell", "proliferation", "but", "did", "not", "affect", "the", "inhibition", "of", "HIV", "p24", "antigen", "release", "or", "NF", "-", "kappa", "B", "activation", "in", "the", "same", "cultures", ".", "Moreover", ",", "anti", "-", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "inhibited", "HIV-1", "long", "terminal", "repeat", "(", "LTR)-driven", "transcription", "of", "a", "reporter", "gene", "in", "primary", "T", "cells", "in", "response", "to", "activation", ",", "either", "in", "the", "presence", "or", "the", "absence", "of", "HIV-1", "Tat", ".", "Our", "results", "support", "an", "important", "role", "for", "autocrine", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "secretion", "in", "controlling", "HIV", "replication", "in", "primary", "T", "cells", "because", "of", "its", "ability", "to", "maintain", "NF", "-", "kappa", "B", "elevated", "in", "the", "nucleus", "of", "T", "cells", "." ]	[ "Protein" ]
Tumor necrosis factor ( TNF)-alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, p24 is a Protein, CD4 is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, IL-2 is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, p24 is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, Tat is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein	808_task1	Sentence: Replication of human immunodeficiency virus-1 in primary human T cells is dependent on the autocrine secretion of tumor necrosis factor through the control of nuclear factor-kappa B activation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha controls T-cell activation and is a major inducer of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication in chronically infected cells. Therefore, we have investigated its role in primary cultures of HIV-infected human T lymphocytes by using neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies or TNF-alpha. Primary resting T lymphocytes produced TNF-alpha and supported HIV replication after T-cell receptor activation. Addition of neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies drastically reduced p24 antigen release and prevented CD4+ cell depletion associated with infection. Anti-TNF-alpha also prevented nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation, and a good correlation between this inhibition and inhibition of HIV replication was observed. Moreover, supplementing the cultures with high doses of IL-2 reverted anti-TNF-alpha inhibition of cell proliferation but did not affect the inhibition of HIV p24 antigen release or NF-kappa B activation in the same cultures. Moreover, anti-TNF-alpha inhibited HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)-driven transcription of a reporter gene in primary T cells in response to activation, either in the presence or the absence of HIV-1 Tat. Our results support an important role for autocrine TNF-alpha secretion in controlling HIV replication in primary T cells because of its ability to maintain NF-kappa B elevated in the nucleus of T cells. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Tumor necrosis factor ( TNF)-alpha, TNF - alpha, TNF - alpha, TNF - alpha, TNF - alpha, p24, CD4, TNF - alpha, IL-2, TNF - alpha, p24, TNF - alpha, Tat, TNF - alpha Options: Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Replication of human immunodeficiency virus-1 in primary human T cells is dependent on the autocrine secretion of tumor necrosis factor through the control of nuclear factor-kappa B activation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha controls T-cell activation and is a major inducer of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication in chronically infected cells. Therefore, we have investigated its role in primary cultures of HIV-infected human T lymphocytes by using neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies or TNF-alpha. Primary resting T lymphocytes produced TNF-alpha and supported HIV replication after T-cell receptor activation. Addition of neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies drastically reduced p24 antigen release and prevented CD4+ cell depletion associated with infection. Anti-TNF-alpha also prevented nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation, and a good correlation between this inhibition and inhibition of HIV replication was observed. Moreover, supplementing the cultures with high doses of IL-2 reverted anti-TNF-alpha inhibition of cell proliferation but did not affect the inhibition of HIV p24 antigen release or NF-kappa B activation in the same cultures. Moreover, anti-TNF-alpha inhibited HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)-driven transcription of a reporter gene in primary T cells in response to activation, either in the presence or the absence of HIV-1 Tat. Our results support an important role for autocrine TNF-alpha secretion in controlling HIV replication in primary T cells because of its ability to maintain NF-kappa B elevated in the nucleus of T cells.	[ "Replication", "of", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus-1", "in", "primary", "human", "T", "cells", "is", "dependent", "on", "the", "autocrine", "secretion", "of", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "through", "the", "control", "of", "nuclear", "factor", "-", "kappa", "B", "activation", ".", "\n", "Tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "(", "TNF)-alpha", "controls", "T", "-", "cell", "activation", "and", "is", "a", "major", "inducer", "of", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "(", "HIV)-1", "replication", "in", "chronically", "infected", "cells", ".", "Therefore", ",", "we", "have", "investigated", "its", "role", "in", "primary", "cultures", "of", "HIV", "-", "infected", "human", "T", "lymphocytes", "by", "using", "neutralizing", "anti", "-", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "antibodies", "or", "TNF", "-", "alpha", ".", "Primary", "resting", "T", "lymphocytes", "produced", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "and", "supported", "HIV", "replication", "after", "T", "-", "cell", "receptor", "activation", ".", "Addition", "of", "neutralizing", "anti", "-", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "antibodies", "drastically", "reduced", "p24", "antigen", "release", "and", "prevented", "CD4", "+", "cell", "depletion", "associated", "with", "infection", ".", "Anti", "-", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "also", "prevented", "nuclear", "factor", "-", "kappa", "B", "(", "NF", "-", "kappa", "B", ")", "activation", ",", "and", "a", "good", "correlation", "between", "this", "inhibition", "and", "inhibition", "of", "HIV", "replication", "was", "observed", ".", "Moreover", ",", "supplementing", "the", "cultures", "with", "high", "doses", "of", "IL-2", "reverted", "anti", "-", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "inhibition", "of", "cell", "proliferation", "but", "did", "not", "affect", "the", "inhibition", "of", "HIV", "p24", "antigen", "release", "or", "NF", "-", "kappa", "B", "activation", "in", "the", "same", "cultures", ".", "Moreover", ",", "anti", "-", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "inhibited", "HIV-1", "long", "terminal", "repeat", "(", "LTR)-driven", "transcription", "of", "a", "reporter", "gene", "in", "primary", "T", "cells", "in", "response", "to", "activation", ",", "either", "in", "the", "presence", "or", "the", "absence", "of", "HIV-1", "Tat", ".", "Our", "results", "support", "an", "important", "role", "for", "autocrine", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "secretion", "in", "controlling", "HIV", "replication", "in", "primary", "T", "cells", "because", "of", "its", "ability", "to", "maintain", "NF", "-", "kappa", "B", "elevated", "in", "the", "nucleus", "of", "T", "cells", "." ]	[ "Protein" ]
Tumor necrosis factor ( TNF)-alpha, TNF - alpha, TNF - alpha, TNF - alpha, TNF - alpha, p24, CD4, TNF - alpha, IL-2, TNF - alpha, p24, TNF - alpha, Tat, TNF - alpha	808_task2	Sentence: Replication of human immunodeficiency virus-1 in primary human T cells is dependent on the autocrine secretion of tumor necrosis factor through the control of nuclear factor-kappa B activation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha controls T-cell activation and is a major inducer of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication in chronically infected cells. Therefore, we have investigated its role in primary cultures of HIV-infected human T lymphocytes by using neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies or TNF-alpha. Primary resting T lymphocytes produced TNF-alpha and supported HIV replication after T-cell receptor activation. Addition of neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies drastically reduced p24 antigen release and prevented CD4+ cell depletion associated with infection. Anti-TNF-alpha also prevented nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation, and a good correlation between this inhibition and inhibition of HIV replication was observed. Moreover, supplementing the cultures with high doses of IL-2 reverted anti-TNF-alpha inhibition of cell proliferation but did not affect the inhibition of HIV p24 antigen release or NF-kappa B activation in the same cultures. Moreover, anti-TNF-alpha inhibited HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)-driven transcription of a reporter gene in primary T cells in response to activation, either in the presence or the absence of HIV-1 Tat. Our results support an important role for autocrine TNF-alpha secretion in controlling HIV replication in primary T cells because of its ability to maintain NF-kappa B elevated in the nucleus of T cells. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Replication of human immunodeficiency virus-1 in primary human T cells is dependent on the autocrine secretion of tumor necrosis factor through the control of nuclear factor-kappa B activation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha controls T-cell activation and is a major inducer of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication in chronically infected cells. Therefore, we have investigated its role in primary cultures of HIV-infected human T lymphocytes by using neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies or TNF-alpha. Primary resting T lymphocytes produced TNF-alpha and supported HIV replication after T-cell receptor activation. Addition of neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies drastically reduced p24 antigen release and prevented CD4+ cell depletion associated with infection. Anti-TNF-alpha also prevented nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation, and a good correlation between this inhibition and inhibition of HIV replication was observed. Moreover, supplementing the cultures with high doses of IL-2 reverted anti-TNF-alpha inhibition of cell proliferation but did not affect the inhibition of HIV p24 antigen release or NF-kappa B activation in the same cultures. Moreover, anti-TNF-alpha inhibited HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)-driven transcription of a reporter gene in primary T cells in response to activation, either in the presence or the absence of HIV-1 Tat. Our results support an important role for autocrine TNF-alpha secretion in controlling HIV replication in primary T cells because of its ability to maintain NF-kappa B elevated in the nucleus of T cells.	[ "Replication", "of", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus-1", "in", "primary", "human", "T", "cells", "is", "dependent", "on", "the", "autocrine", "secretion", "of", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "through", "the", "control", "of", "nuclear", "factor", "-", "kappa", "B", "activation", ".", "\n", "Tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "(", "TNF)-alpha", "controls", "T", "-", "cell", "activation", "and", "is", "a", "major", "inducer", "of", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "(", "HIV)-1", "replication", "in", "chronically", "infected", "cells", ".", "Therefore", ",", "we", "have", "investigated", "its", "role", "in", "primary", "cultures", "of", "HIV", "-", "infected", "human", "T", "lymphocytes", "by", "using", "neutralizing", "anti", "-", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "antibodies", "or", "TNF", "-", "alpha", ".", "Primary", "resting", "T", "lymphocytes", "produced", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "and", "supported", "HIV", "replication", "after", "T", "-", "cell", "receptor", "activation", ".", "Addition", "of", "neutralizing", "anti", "-", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "antibodies", "drastically", "reduced", "p24", "antigen", "release", "and", "prevented", "CD4", "+", "cell", "depletion", "associated", "with", "infection", ".", "Anti", "-", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "also", "prevented", "nuclear", "factor", "-", "kappa", "B", "(", "NF", "-", "kappa", "B", ")", "activation", ",", "and", "a", "good", "correlation", "between", "this", "inhibition", "and", "inhibition", "of", "HIV", "replication", "was", "observed", ".", "Moreover", ",", "supplementing", "the", "cultures", "with", "high", "doses", "of", "IL-2", "reverted", "anti", "-", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "inhibition", "of", "cell", "proliferation", "but", "did", "not", "affect", "the", "inhibition", "of", "HIV", "p24", "antigen", "release", "or", "NF", "-", "kappa", "B", "activation", "in", "the", "same", "cultures", ".", "Moreover", ",", "anti", "-", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "inhibited", "HIV-1", "long", "terminal", "repeat", "(", "LTR)-driven", "transcription", "of", "a", "reporter", "gene", "in", "primary", "T", "cells", "in", "response", "to", "activation", ",", "either", "in", "the", "presence", "or", "the", "absence", "of", "HIV-1", "Tat", ".", "Our", "results", "support", "an", "important", "role", "for", "autocrine", "TNF", "-", "alpha", "secretion", "in", "controlling", "HIV", "replication", "in", "primary", "T", "cells", "because", "of", "its", "ability", "to", "maintain", "NF", "-", "kappa", "B", "elevated", "in", "the", "nucleus", "of", "T", "cells", "." ]	[ "Protein" ]
lymphoproliferative disorders is an umlsterm, lymphomas is an umlsterm, acute diseases is an umlsterm, lymphoma is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, histology is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, chemotherapy is an umlsterm	DerUrologeA.70360239.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Involvment of the genitouronary tract by lymphoproliferative disorders is rare . Rapid proliferating Burkitt's lymphomas could mimic acute diseases . Due to the extreme chemosensitivity , the lymphoma is cureable and surgery should be done only for histology . Initial surgery should be restricted to acute abdominal complications or complete removal of localised resectable disease . In any case a multiagent chemotherapy is necessary . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O" ]	Involvment of the genitouronary tract by lymphoproliferative disorders is rare . Rapid proliferating Burkitt's lymphomas could mimic acute diseases . Due to the extreme chemosensitivity , the lymphoma is cureable and surgery should be done only for histology . Initial surgery should be restricted to acute abdominal complications or complete removal of localised resectable disease . In any case a multiagent chemotherapy is necessary .	[ "Involvment", "of", "the", "genitouronary", "tract", "by", "lymphoproliferative", "disorders", "is", "rare", ".", "Rapid", "proliferating", "Burkitt", "'s", "lymphomas", "could", "mimic", "acute", "diseases", ".", "Due", "to", "the", "extreme", "chemosensitivity", ",", "the", "lymphoma", "is", "cureable", "and", "surgery", "should", "be", "done", "only", "for", "histology", ".", "Initial", "surgery", "should", "be", "restricted", "to", "acute", "abdominal", "complications", "or", "complete", "removal", "of", "localised", "resectable", "disease", ".", "In", "any", "case", "a", "multiagent", "chemotherapy", "is", "necessary", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
lymphoproliferative disorders is an umlsterm, lymphomas is an umlsterm, acute diseases is an umlsterm, lymphoma is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, histology is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, chemotherapy is an umlsterm	DerUrologeA.70360239.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Involvment of the genitouronary tract by lymphoproliferative disorders is rare . Rapid proliferating Burkitt's lymphomas could mimic acute diseases . Due to the extreme chemosensitivity , the lymphoma is cureable and surgery should be done only for histology . Initial surgery should be restricted to acute abdominal complications or complete removal of localised resectable disease . In any case a multiagent chemotherapy is necessary . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: lymphoproliferative disorders, lymphomas, acute diseases, lymphoma, surgery, histology, surgery, complications, disease, chemotherapy Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O" ]	Involvment of the genitouronary tract by lymphoproliferative disorders is rare . Rapid proliferating Burkitt's lymphomas could mimic acute diseases . Due to the extreme chemosensitivity , the lymphoma is cureable and surgery should be done only for histology . Initial surgery should be restricted to acute abdominal complications or complete removal of localised resectable disease . In any case a multiagent chemotherapy is necessary .	[ "Involvment", "of", "the", "genitouronary", "tract", "by", "lymphoproliferative", "disorders", "is", "rare", ".", "Rapid", "proliferating", "Burkitt", "'s", "lymphomas", "could", "mimic", "acute", "diseases", ".", "Due", "to", "the", "extreme", "chemosensitivity", ",", "the", "lymphoma", "is", "cureable", "and", "surgery", "should", "be", "done", "only", "for", "histology", ".", "Initial", "surgery", "should", "be", "restricted", "to", "acute", "abdominal", "complications", "or", "complete", "removal", "of", "localised", "resectable", "disease", ".", "In", "any", "case", "a", "multiagent", "chemotherapy", "is", "necessary", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
lymphoproliferative disorders, lymphomas, acute diseases, lymphoma, surgery, histology, surgery, complications, disease, chemotherapy	DerUrologeA.70360239.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Involvment of the genitouronary tract by lymphoproliferative disorders is rare . Rapid proliferating Burkitt's lymphomas could mimic acute diseases . Due to the extreme chemosensitivity , the lymphoma is cureable and surgery should be done only for histology . Initial surgery should be restricted to acute abdominal complications or complete removal of localised resectable disease . In any case a multiagent chemotherapy is necessary . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O" ]	Involvment of the genitouronary tract by lymphoproliferative disorders is rare . Rapid proliferating Burkitt's lymphomas could mimic acute diseases . Due to the extreme chemosensitivity , the lymphoma is cureable and surgery should be done only for histology . Initial surgery should be restricted to acute abdominal complications or complete removal of localised resectable disease . In any case a multiagent chemotherapy is necessary .	[ "Involvment", "of", "the", "genitouronary", "tract", "by", "lymphoproliferative", "disorders", "is", "rare", ".", "Rapid", "proliferating", "Burkitt", "'s", "lymphomas", "could", "mimic", "acute", "diseases", ".", "Due", "to", "the", "extreme", "chemosensitivity", ",", "the", "lymphoma", "is", "cureable", "and", "surgery", "should", "be", "done", "only", "for", "histology", ".", "Initial", "surgery", "should", "be", "restricted", "to", "acute", "abdominal", "complications", "or", "complete", "removal", "of", "localised", "resectable", "disease", ".", "In", "any", "case", "a", "multiagent", "chemotherapy", "is", "necessary", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
MSH3 is a Gene/protein/RNA, MSH6 is a Gene/protein/RNA	477_task0	Sentence: Redundancy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSH3 and MSH6 in MSH2-dependent mismatch repair. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Gene/protein/RNA	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene/protein/RNA", "O", "B-Gene/protein/RNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Redundancy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSH3 and MSH6 in MSH2-dependent mismatch repair.	[ "Redundancy", "of", "Saccharomyces", "cerevisiae", "MSH3", "and", "MSH6", "in", "MSH2-dependent", "mismatch", "repair", "." ]	[ "Gene/protein/RNA" ]
MSH3 is a Gene/protein/RNA, MSH6 is a Gene/protein/RNA	477_task1	Sentence: Redundancy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSH3 and MSH6 in MSH2-dependent mismatch repair. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: MSH3, MSH6 Options: Gene/protein/RNA	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene/protein/RNA", "O", "B-Gene/protein/RNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Redundancy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSH3 and MSH6 in MSH2-dependent mismatch repair.	[ "Redundancy", "of", "Saccharomyces", "cerevisiae", "MSH3", "and", "MSH6", "in", "MSH2-dependent", "mismatch", "repair", "." ]	[ "Gene/protein/RNA" ]
MSH3, MSH6	477_task2	Sentence: Redundancy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSH3 and MSH6 in MSH2-dependent mismatch repair. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene/protein/RNA", "O", "B-Gene/protein/RNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Redundancy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSH3 and MSH6 in MSH2-dependent mismatch repair.	[ "Redundancy", "of", "Saccharomyces", "cerevisiae", "MSH3", "and", "MSH6", "in", "MSH2-dependent", "mismatch", "repair", "." ]	[ "Gene/protein/RNA" ]

TACR1

47_task2

Sentence: Fine mapping of the 2p11 dyslexia locus and exclusion of TACR1 as a candidate gene. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Fine mapping of the 2p11 dyslexia locus and exclusion of TACR1 as a candidate gene.

[ "Fine", "mapping", "of", "the", "2p11", "dyslexia", "locus", "and", "exclusion", "of", " ", "TACR1", " ", "as", "a", "candidate", "gene", "." ]

[ "variant", "gene" ]

surgical is an umlsterm, methods is an umlsterm, screw is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, methods is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, trend is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, displacement is an umlsterm, trend is an umlsterm, growth is an umlsterm, growth is an umlsterm, mandible is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, disorders is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, minor is an umlsterm, displacement is an umlsterm, ability is an umlsterm, children is an umlsterm

MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.00040069.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Due to advances in surgical methods , such as miniplate and lag screw osteosynthesis , there is current discussion about the adequate therapy of condylar fractures . Regarding the insufficient outcome of conservative treatment confirmed by refined methods of functional diagnosis , there is a trend towards surgical therapy , at least in cases of condylar displacement out of the fossa . This trend was also prompted when surgeons learned that the condyle determines local growth but does not serve as a growth center of the mandible . Along with increased interest in temporomandibular function and surgical therapy of internal disorders , surgical therapy of traumatic soft tissue lesions was emphasized . This consequently led to surgical restoration of intraarticular fractures . Conservative treatment will nonetheless be sufficient in cases of minor displacement due to a higher ability of remodeling , even more so in children . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Due to advances in surgical methods , such as miniplate and lag screw osteosynthesis , there is current discussion about the adequate therapy of condylar fractures . Regarding the insufficient outcome of conservative treatment confirmed by refined methods of functional diagnosis , there is a trend towards surgical therapy , at least in cases of condylar displacement out of the fossa . This trend was also prompted when surgeons learned that the condyle determines local growth but does not serve as a growth center of the mandible . Along with increased interest in temporomandibular function and surgical therapy of internal disorders , surgical therapy of traumatic soft tissue lesions was emphasized . This consequently led to surgical restoration of intraarticular fractures . Conservative treatment will nonetheless be sufficient in cases of minor displacement due to a higher ability of remodeling , even more so in children .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

surgical is an umlsterm, methods is an umlsterm, screw is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, methods is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, trend is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, displacement is an umlsterm, trend is an umlsterm, growth is an umlsterm, growth is an umlsterm, mandible is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, disorders is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, minor is an umlsterm, displacement is an umlsterm, ability is an umlsterm, children is an umlsterm

MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.00040069.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Due to advances in surgical methods , such as miniplate and lag screw osteosynthesis , there is current discussion about the adequate therapy of condylar fractures . Regarding the insufficient outcome of conservative treatment confirmed by refined methods of functional diagnosis , there is a trend towards surgical therapy , at least in cases of condylar displacement out of the fossa . This trend was also prompted when surgeons learned that the condyle determines local growth but does not serve as a growth center of the mandible . Along with increased interest in temporomandibular function and surgical therapy of internal disorders , surgical therapy of traumatic soft tissue lesions was emphasized . This consequently led to surgical restoration of intraarticular fractures . Conservative treatment will nonetheless be sufficient in cases of minor displacement due to a higher ability of remodeling , even more so in children . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: surgical, methods, screw, therapy, fractures, treatment, methods, diagnosis, trend, surgical, therapy, displacement, trend, growth, growth, mandible, function, surgical, therapy, disorders, surgical, therapy, tissue, surgical, fractures, treatment, minor, displacement, ability, children Options: umlsterm

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Due to advances in surgical methods , such as miniplate and lag screw osteosynthesis , there is current discussion about the adequate therapy of condylar fractures . Regarding the insufficient outcome of conservative treatment confirmed by refined methods of functional diagnosis , there is a trend towards surgical therapy , at least in cases of condylar displacement out of the fossa . This trend was also prompted when surgeons learned that the condyle determines local growth but does not serve as a growth center of the mandible . Along with increased interest in temporomandibular function and surgical therapy of internal disorders , surgical therapy of traumatic soft tissue lesions was emphasized . This consequently led to surgical restoration of intraarticular fractures . Conservative treatment will nonetheless be sufficient in cases of minor displacement due to a higher ability of remodeling , even more so in children .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

surgical, methods, screw, therapy, fractures, treatment, methods, diagnosis, trend, surgical, therapy, displacement, trend, growth, growth, mandible, function, surgical, therapy, disorders, surgical, therapy, tissue, surgical, fractures, treatment, minor, displacement, ability, children

MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.00040069.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Due to advances in surgical methods , such as miniplate and lag screw osteosynthesis , there is current discussion about the adequate therapy of condylar fractures . Regarding the insufficient outcome of conservative treatment confirmed by refined methods of functional diagnosis , there is a trend towards surgical therapy , at least in cases of condylar displacement out of the fossa . This trend was also prompted when surgeons learned that the condyle determines local growth but does not serve as a growth center of the mandible . Along with increased interest in temporomandibular function and surgical therapy of internal disorders , surgical therapy of traumatic soft tissue lesions was emphasized . This consequently led to surgical restoration of intraarticular fractures . Conservative treatment will nonetheless be sufficient in cases of minor displacement due to a higher ability of remodeling , even more so in children . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Due to advances in surgical methods , such as miniplate and lag screw osteosynthesis , there is current discussion about the adequate therapy of condylar fractures . Regarding the insufficient outcome of conservative treatment confirmed by refined methods of functional diagnosis , there is a trend towards surgical therapy , at least in cases of condylar displacement out of the fossa . This trend was also prompted when surgeons learned that the condyle determines local growth but does not serve as a growth center of the mandible . Along with increased interest in temporomandibular function and surgical therapy of internal disorders , surgical therapy of traumatic soft tissue lesions was emphasized . This consequently led to surgical restoration of intraarticular fractures . Conservative treatment will nonetheless be sufficient in cases of minor displacement due to a higher ability of remodeling , even more so in children .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Abstract is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, plantar ulcers is an umlsterm, leg is an umlsterm, perfusions is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, method is an umlsterm, clinical trial is an umlsterm, male is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, ulcers is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, ulcer is an umlsterm, debridement is an umlsterm, amputation is an umlsterm, toes is an umlsterm, forefoot is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, ulcers is an umlsterm, infections is an umlsterm

DerHautarzt.40450074.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Abstract . Since systemic treatment of neuropathic plantar ulcers in diabetics ( DNPU ) has so far been rather ineffective , recent reports of successful management of DNPU by short-term retrograde transvenous leg perfusions ( RVP ) by South American angiologists encouraged us to apply this treatment method in diabetics suffering from chronic DNPU . Hence , in a prospective comparative clinical trial started in 1989 we have treated 45 male diabetics suffering from DNPU with the same daily doses of netilmycin , administered either in systemic venous infusions ( SVI : n=21, three times/day ) or in RVP ( n=24, once/day ) . After 10 consecutive days of treatment , ulcers had closed in 8 of the 24 patients treated with RVP , as against 3 of the 21 treated with SVI . Diminution of the ulcer area by > 30% including full debridement was achieved in 10/24 of the RVP cases ( SVI : 4/21 ) . During 6 months of follow-up , amputation of toes or forefoot was necessary in only 1 patient in the RVP group , but in 4 in the SVI group . Partial restitution of osteolytic damage was observed in some cases after RVP . Our results show that regional netilmycin therapy given by the RVP procedure is clearly superior to equal netilmycin doses administered by SVI for the treatment of DNPU . RVP can be recommended in DNPU , particularly when the ulcers are complicated by infections . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Abstract . Since systemic treatment of neuropathic plantar ulcers in diabetics ( DNPU ) has so far been rather ineffective , recent reports of successful management of DNPU by short-term retrograde transvenous leg perfusions ( RVP ) by South American angiologists encouraged us to apply this treatment method in diabetics suffering from chronic DNPU . Hence , in a prospective comparative clinical trial started in 1989 we have treated 45 male diabetics suffering from DNPU with the same daily doses of netilmycin , administered either in systemic venous infusions ( SVI : n=21, three times/day ) or in RVP ( n=24, once/day ) . After 10 consecutive days of treatment , ulcers had closed in 8 of the 24 patients treated with RVP , as against 3 of the 21 treated with SVI . Diminution of the ulcer area by > 30% including full debridement was achieved in 10/24 of the RVP cases ( SVI : 4/21 ) . During 6 months of follow-up , amputation of toes or forefoot was necessary in only 1 patient in the RVP group , but in 4 in the SVI group . Partial restitution of osteolytic damage was observed in some cases after RVP . Our results show that regional netilmycin therapy given by the RVP procedure is clearly superior to equal netilmycin doses administered by SVI for the treatment of DNPU . RVP can be recommended in DNPU , particularly when the ulcers are complicated by infections .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Abstract is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, plantar ulcers is an umlsterm, leg is an umlsterm, perfusions is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, method is an umlsterm, clinical trial is an umlsterm, male is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, ulcers is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, ulcer is an umlsterm, debridement is an umlsterm, amputation is an umlsterm, toes is an umlsterm, forefoot is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, ulcers is an umlsterm, infections is an umlsterm

DerHautarzt.40450074.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Abstract . Since systemic treatment of neuropathic plantar ulcers in diabetics ( DNPU ) has so far been rather ineffective , recent reports of successful management of DNPU by short-term retrograde transvenous leg perfusions ( RVP ) by South American angiologists encouraged us to apply this treatment method in diabetics suffering from chronic DNPU . Hence , in a prospective comparative clinical trial started in 1989 we have treated 45 male diabetics suffering from DNPU with the same daily doses of netilmycin , administered either in systemic venous infusions ( SVI : n=21, three times/day ) or in RVP ( n=24, once/day ) . After 10 consecutive days of treatment , ulcers had closed in 8 of the 24 patients treated with RVP , as against 3 of the 21 treated with SVI . Diminution of the ulcer area by > 30% including full debridement was achieved in 10/24 of the RVP cases ( SVI : 4/21 ) . During 6 months of follow-up , amputation of toes or forefoot was necessary in only 1 patient in the RVP group , but in 4 in the SVI group . Partial restitution of osteolytic damage was observed in some cases after RVP . Our results show that regional netilmycin therapy given by the RVP procedure is clearly superior to equal netilmycin doses administered by SVI for the treatment of DNPU . RVP can be recommended in DNPU , particularly when the ulcers are complicated by infections . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Abstract, treatment, plantar ulcers, leg, perfusions, treatment, method, clinical trial, male, treatment, ulcers, patients, ulcer, debridement, amputation, toes, forefoot, patient, therapy, procedure, treatment, ulcers, infections Options: umlsterm

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Abstract . Since systemic treatment of neuropathic plantar ulcers in diabetics ( DNPU ) has so far been rather ineffective , recent reports of successful management of DNPU by short-term retrograde transvenous leg perfusions ( RVP ) by South American angiologists encouraged us to apply this treatment method in diabetics suffering from chronic DNPU . Hence , in a prospective comparative clinical trial started in 1989 we have treated 45 male diabetics suffering from DNPU with the same daily doses of netilmycin , administered either in systemic venous infusions ( SVI : n=21, three times/day ) or in RVP ( n=24, once/day ) . After 10 consecutive days of treatment , ulcers had closed in 8 of the 24 patients treated with RVP , as against 3 of the 21 treated with SVI . Diminution of the ulcer area by > 30% including full debridement was achieved in 10/24 of the RVP cases ( SVI : 4/21 ) . During 6 months of follow-up , amputation of toes or forefoot was necessary in only 1 patient in the RVP group , but in 4 in the SVI group . Partial restitution of osteolytic damage was observed in some cases after RVP . Our results show that regional netilmycin therapy given by the RVP procedure is clearly superior to equal netilmycin doses administered by SVI for the treatment of DNPU . RVP can be recommended in DNPU , particularly when the ulcers are complicated by infections .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Abstract, treatment, plantar ulcers, leg, perfusions, treatment, method, clinical trial, male, treatment, ulcers, patients, ulcer, debridement, amputation, toes, forefoot, patient, therapy, procedure, treatment, ulcers, infections

DerHautarzt.40450074.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Abstract . Since systemic treatment of neuropathic plantar ulcers in diabetics ( DNPU ) has so far been rather ineffective , recent reports of successful management of DNPU by short-term retrograde transvenous leg perfusions ( RVP ) by South American angiologists encouraged us to apply this treatment method in diabetics suffering from chronic DNPU . Hence , in a prospective comparative clinical trial started in 1989 we have treated 45 male diabetics suffering from DNPU with the same daily doses of netilmycin , administered either in systemic venous infusions ( SVI : n=21, three times/day ) or in RVP ( n=24, once/day ) . After 10 consecutive days of treatment , ulcers had closed in 8 of the 24 patients treated with RVP , as against 3 of the 21 treated with SVI . Diminution of the ulcer area by > 30% including full debridement was achieved in 10/24 of the RVP cases ( SVI : 4/21 ) . During 6 months of follow-up , amputation of toes or forefoot was necessary in only 1 patient in the RVP group , but in 4 in the SVI group . Partial restitution of osteolytic damage was observed in some cases after RVP . Our results show that regional netilmycin therapy given by the RVP procedure is clearly superior to equal netilmycin doses administered by SVI for the treatment of DNPU . RVP can be recommended in DNPU , particularly when the ulcers are complicated by infections . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Abstract . Since systemic treatment of neuropathic plantar ulcers in diabetics ( DNPU ) has so far been rather ineffective , recent reports of successful management of DNPU by short-term retrograde transvenous leg perfusions ( RVP ) by South American angiologists encouraged us to apply this treatment method in diabetics suffering from chronic DNPU . Hence , in a prospective comparative clinical trial started in 1989 we have treated 45 male diabetics suffering from DNPU with the same daily doses of netilmycin , administered either in systemic venous infusions ( SVI : n=21, three times/day ) or in RVP ( n=24, once/day ) . After 10 consecutive days of treatment , ulcers had closed in 8 of the 24 patients treated with RVP , as against 3 of the 21 treated with SVI . Diminution of the ulcer area by > 30% including full debridement was achieved in 10/24 of the RVP cases ( SVI : 4/21 ) . During 6 months of follow-up , amputation of toes or forefoot was necessary in only 1 patient in the RVP group , but in 4 in the SVI group . Partial restitution of osteolytic damage was observed in some cases after RVP . Our results show that regional netilmycin therapy given by the RVP procedure is clearly superior to equal netilmycin doses administered by SVI for the treatment of DNPU . RVP can be recommended in DNPU , particularly when the ulcers are complicated by infections .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

11-base - pair DNA sequence motif is a DNA_substructure, human interleukin 4 gene is a DNA_domain_or_region, T - cell activation signals is an other_name

86652_task0

Sentence: An 11-base-pair DNA sequence motif apparently unique to the human interleukin 4 gene confers responsiveness to T-cell activation signals. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: other_name, DNA_domain_or_region, DNA_substructure

[ "O", "B-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "O", "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]

An 11-base-pair DNA sequence motif apparently unique to the human interleukin 4 gene confers responsiveness to T-cell activation signals.

[ "An", "11-base", "-", "pair", "DNA", "sequence", "motif", "apparently", "unique", "to", "the", "human", "interleukin", "4", "gene", "confers", "responsiveness", "to", "T", "-", "cell", "activation", "signals", "." ]

[ "DNA_domain_or_region", "protein_molecule", "DNA_substructure", "other_name", "protein_family_or_group", "(AND DNA_domain_or_region DNA_domain_or_region)", "polynucleotide", "cell_line", "" ]

11-base - pair DNA sequence motif is a DNA_substructure, human interleukin 4 gene is a DNA_domain_or_region, T - cell activation signals is an other_name

86652_task1

Sentence: An 11-base-pair DNA sequence motif apparently unique to the human interleukin 4 gene confers responsiveness to T-cell activation signals. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: 11-base - pair DNA sequence motif, human interleukin 4 gene, T - cell activation signals Options: other_name, DNA_domain_or_region, DNA_substructure

[ "O", "B-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "O", "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]

An 11-base-pair DNA sequence motif apparently unique to the human interleukin 4 gene confers responsiveness to T-cell activation signals.

[ "An", "11-base", "-", "pair", "DNA", "sequence", "motif", "apparently", "unique", "to", "the", "human", "interleukin", "4", "gene", "confers", "responsiveness", "to", "T", "-", "cell", "activation", "signals", "." ]

[ "DNA_domain_or_region", "protein_molecule", "DNA_substructure", "other_name", "protein_family_or_group", "(AND DNA_domain_or_region DNA_domain_or_region)", "polynucleotide", "cell_line", "" ]

11-base - pair DNA sequence motif, human interleukin 4 gene, T - cell activation signals

86652_task2

Sentence: An 11-base-pair DNA sequence motif apparently unique to the human interleukin 4 gene confers responsiveness to T-cell activation signals. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "B-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "I-DNA_substructure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "O", "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]

An 11-base-pair DNA sequence motif apparently unique to the human interleukin 4 gene confers responsiveness to T-cell activation signals.

[ "An", "11-base", "-", "pair", "DNA", "sequence", "motif", "apparently", "unique", "to", "the", "human", "interleukin", "4", "gene", "confers", "responsiveness", "to", "T", "-", "cell", "activation", "signals", "." ]

[ "DNA_domain_or_region", "protein_molecule", "DNA_substructure", "other_name", "protein_family_or_group", "(AND DNA_domain_or_region DNA_domain_or_region)", "polynucleotide", "cell_line", "" ]

Glu 4 Lys is a ProteinMutation

1027_task0

Sentence: A novel single-nucleotide substitution, Glu 4 Lys, in the leukotriene C4 synthase gene associated with allergic diseases. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: ProteinMutation

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ProteinMutation", "I-ProteinMutation", "I-ProteinMutation", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

A novel single-nucleotide substitution, Glu 4 Lys, in the leukotriene C4 synthase gene associated with allergic diseases.

[ "A", "novel", "single", "-", "nucleotide", "substitution", ",", "Glu", "4", "Lys", ",", "in", "the", "leukotriene", "C4", "synthase", "gene", "associated", "with", "allergic", "diseases", "." ]

[ "ProteinMutation", "DNAMutation" ]

Glu 4 Lys is a ProteinMutation

1027_task1

Sentence: A novel single-nucleotide substitution, Glu 4 Lys, in the leukotriene C4 synthase gene associated with allergic diseases. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Glu 4 Lys Options: ProteinMutation

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ProteinMutation", "I-ProteinMutation", "I-ProteinMutation", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

A novel single-nucleotide substitution, Glu 4 Lys, in the leukotriene C4 synthase gene associated with allergic diseases.

[ "A", "novel", "single", "-", "nucleotide", "substitution", ",", "Glu", "4", "Lys", ",", "in", "the", "leukotriene", "C4", "synthase", "gene", "associated", "with", "allergic", "diseases", "." ]

[ "ProteinMutation", "DNAMutation" ]

Glu 4 Lys

1027_task2

Sentence: A novel single-nucleotide substitution, Glu 4 Lys, in the leukotriene C4 synthase gene associated with allergic diseases. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ProteinMutation", "I-ProteinMutation", "I-ProteinMutation", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

A novel single-nucleotide substitution, Glu 4 Lys, in the leukotriene C4 synthase gene associated with allergic diseases.

[ "A", "novel", "single", "-", "nucleotide", "substitution", ",", "Glu", "4", "Lys", ",", "in", "the", "leukotriene", "C4", "synthase", "gene", "associated", "with", "allergic", "diseases", "." ]

[ "ProteinMutation", "DNAMutation" ]

Patienten is an umlsterm, Spondylodesen is an umlsterm, Spondylodese - Patienten is an umlsterm, Analyse is an umlsterm, Spondylodese - Patienten is an umlsterm, Spondylodese is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patientengruppen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Beratung is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm

DerSchmerz.60100071.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Depressivitaet und Operationserfolg von Patienten mit lumbalen Nucleotomien und Spondylodesen . Es werden 2 Hypothesen ueberprueft : 1. Praeoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und stellt einen Risikofaktor fuer die Chronifizierung dar praediktives Konzept ) . ( 2. Postoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und ist als Reaktion auf eine unguenstig verlaufene Operation zu werten ( reaktives Konzept ) . Bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten wurde der Operationserfolg 6 Monate nach der Operation , bei den Spondylodese-Patienten 9 Monate nach der Operation ueberprueft . Die Analyse der Daten von 78 Nucleotomie- und 132 Spondylodese-Patienten erbrachte keine signifikanten Korrelationen zwischen der praeoperativ gemessenen Depressivitaet und den Kriterien des Operationserfolges bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten . Bei den Spondylodese Patienten dagegen wurden signifikante negative Korrelationen zwischen praeoperativer Depressivitaet und den subjektiven Parametern des Erfolges gefunden . Postoperativ waren bei beiden Patientengruppen ausgepraegte Zusammenhaenge zwischen Depressivitaet und fast allen Erfolgskriterien zu verzeichnen . Aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten mit klinisch relevanten Depressivitaetswerten war ein signifikant groesserer Anteil erfolglos operiert worden als aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten ohne klinisch relevante Depressivitaetswerte . Die Ergebnisse legen nahe , dass sich das depressive Zustandsbild der Patienten als Reaktion auf einen unguenstigen Operationserfolg entwickelt bzw. verschlimmert . Die Notwendigkeit , fuer Patienten mit unguenstigem Operationserfolg psychologische Beratung oder Behandlung und physiotherapeutische Massnahmen zu kombinieren , wird diskutiert . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Depressivitaet und Operationserfolg von Patienten mit lumbalen Nucleotomien und Spondylodesen . Es werden 2 Hypothesen ueberprueft : 1. Praeoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und stellt einen Risikofaktor fuer die Chronifizierung dar praediktives Konzept ) . ( 2. Postoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und ist als Reaktion auf eine unguenstig verlaufene Operation zu werten ( reaktives Konzept ) . Bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten wurde der Operationserfolg 6 Monate nach der Operation , bei den Spondylodese-Patienten 9 Monate nach der Operation ueberprueft . Die Analyse der Daten von 78 Nucleotomie- und 132 Spondylodese-Patienten erbrachte keine signifikanten Korrelationen zwischen der praeoperativ gemessenen Depressivitaet und den Kriterien des Operationserfolges bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten . Bei den Spondylodese Patienten dagegen wurden signifikante negative Korrelationen zwischen praeoperativer Depressivitaet und den subjektiven Parametern des Erfolges gefunden . Postoperativ waren bei beiden Patientengruppen ausgepraegte Zusammenhaenge zwischen Depressivitaet und fast allen Erfolgskriterien zu verzeichnen . Aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten mit klinisch relevanten Depressivitaetswerten war ein signifikant groesserer Anteil erfolglos operiert worden als aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten ohne klinisch relevante Depressivitaetswerte . Die Ergebnisse legen nahe , dass sich das depressive Zustandsbild der Patienten als Reaktion auf einen unguenstigen Operationserfolg entwickelt bzw. verschlimmert . Die Notwendigkeit , fuer Patienten mit unguenstigem Operationserfolg psychologische Beratung oder Behandlung und physiotherapeutische Massnahmen zu kombinieren , wird diskutiert .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Patienten is an umlsterm, Spondylodesen is an umlsterm, Spondylodese - Patienten is an umlsterm, Analyse is an umlsterm, Spondylodese - Patienten is an umlsterm, Spondylodese is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patientengruppen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Beratung is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm

DerSchmerz.60100071.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Depressivitaet und Operationserfolg von Patienten mit lumbalen Nucleotomien und Spondylodesen . Es werden 2 Hypothesen ueberprueft : 1. Praeoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und stellt einen Risikofaktor fuer die Chronifizierung dar praediktives Konzept ) . ( 2. Postoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und ist als Reaktion auf eine unguenstig verlaufene Operation zu werten ( reaktives Konzept ) . Bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten wurde der Operationserfolg 6 Monate nach der Operation , bei den Spondylodese-Patienten 9 Monate nach der Operation ueberprueft . Die Analyse der Daten von 78 Nucleotomie- und 132 Spondylodese-Patienten erbrachte keine signifikanten Korrelationen zwischen der praeoperativ gemessenen Depressivitaet und den Kriterien des Operationserfolges bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten . Bei den Spondylodese Patienten dagegen wurden signifikante negative Korrelationen zwischen praeoperativer Depressivitaet und den subjektiven Parametern des Erfolges gefunden . Postoperativ waren bei beiden Patientengruppen ausgepraegte Zusammenhaenge zwischen Depressivitaet und fast allen Erfolgskriterien zu verzeichnen . Aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten mit klinisch relevanten Depressivitaetswerten war ein signifikant groesserer Anteil erfolglos operiert worden als aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten ohne klinisch relevante Depressivitaetswerte . Die Ergebnisse legen nahe , dass sich das depressive Zustandsbild der Patienten als Reaktion auf einen unguenstigen Operationserfolg entwickelt bzw. verschlimmert . Die Notwendigkeit , fuer Patienten mit unguenstigem Operationserfolg psychologische Beratung oder Behandlung und physiotherapeutische Massnahmen zu kombinieren , wird diskutiert . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Patienten, Spondylodesen, Spondylodese - Patienten, Analyse, Spondylodese - Patienten, Spondylodese, Patienten, Patientengruppen, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Beratung, Behandlung Options: umlsterm

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Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Depressivitaet und Operationserfolg von Patienten mit lumbalen Nucleotomien und Spondylodesen . Es werden 2 Hypothesen ueberprueft : 1. Praeoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und stellt einen Risikofaktor fuer die Chronifizierung dar praediktives Konzept ) . ( 2. Postoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und ist als Reaktion auf eine unguenstig verlaufene Operation zu werten ( reaktives Konzept ) . Bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten wurde der Operationserfolg 6 Monate nach der Operation , bei den Spondylodese-Patienten 9 Monate nach der Operation ueberprueft . Die Analyse der Daten von 78 Nucleotomie- und 132 Spondylodese-Patienten erbrachte keine signifikanten Korrelationen zwischen der praeoperativ gemessenen Depressivitaet und den Kriterien des Operationserfolges bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten . Bei den Spondylodese Patienten dagegen wurden signifikante negative Korrelationen zwischen praeoperativer Depressivitaet und den subjektiven Parametern des Erfolges gefunden . Postoperativ waren bei beiden Patientengruppen ausgepraegte Zusammenhaenge zwischen Depressivitaet und fast allen Erfolgskriterien zu verzeichnen . Aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten mit klinisch relevanten Depressivitaetswerten war ein signifikant groesserer Anteil erfolglos operiert worden als aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten ohne klinisch relevante Depressivitaetswerte . Die Ergebnisse legen nahe , dass sich das depressive Zustandsbild der Patienten als Reaktion auf einen unguenstigen Operationserfolg entwickelt bzw. verschlimmert . Die Notwendigkeit , fuer Patienten mit unguenstigem Operationserfolg psychologische Beratung oder Behandlung und physiotherapeutische Massnahmen zu kombinieren , wird diskutiert .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Patienten, Spondylodesen, Spondylodese - Patienten, Analyse, Spondylodese - Patienten, Spondylodese, Patienten, Patientengruppen, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Beratung, Behandlung

DerSchmerz.60100071.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Depressivitaet und Operationserfolg von Patienten mit lumbalen Nucleotomien und Spondylodesen . Es werden 2 Hypothesen ueberprueft : 1. Praeoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und stellt einen Risikofaktor fuer die Chronifizierung dar praediktives Konzept ) . ( 2. Postoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und ist als Reaktion auf eine unguenstig verlaufene Operation zu werten ( reaktives Konzept ) . Bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten wurde der Operationserfolg 6 Monate nach der Operation , bei den Spondylodese-Patienten 9 Monate nach der Operation ueberprueft . Die Analyse der Daten von 78 Nucleotomie- und 132 Spondylodese-Patienten erbrachte keine signifikanten Korrelationen zwischen der praeoperativ gemessenen Depressivitaet und den Kriterien des Operationserfolges bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten . Bei den Spondylodese Patienten dagegen wurden signifikante negative Korrelationen zwischen praeoperativer Depressivitaet und den subjektiven Parametern des Erfolges gefunden . Postoperativ waren bei beiden Patientengruppen ausgepraegte Zusammenhaenge zwischen Depressivitaet und fast allen Erfolgskriterien zu verzeichnen . Aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten mit klinisch relevanten Depressivitaetswerten war ein signifikant groesserer Anteil erfolglos operiert worden als aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten ohne klinisch relevante Depressivitaetswerte . Die Ergebnisse legen nahe , dass sich das depressive Zustandsbild der Patienten als Reaktion auf einen unguenstigen Operationserfolg entwickelt bzw. verschlimmert . Die Notwendigkeit , fuer Patienten mit unguenstigem Operationserfolg psychologische Beratung oder Behandlung und physiotherapeutische Massnahmen zu kombinieren , wird diskutiert . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Depressivitaet und Operationserfolg von Patienten mit lumbalen Nucleotomien und Spondylodesen . Es werden 2 Hypothesen ueberprueft : 1. Praeoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und stellt einen Risikofaktor fuer die Chronifizierung dar praediktives Konzept ) . ( 2. Postoperativ gemessene Depressivitaet steht mit dem Operationserfolg in Zusammenhang und ist als Reaktion auf eine unguenstig verlaufene Operation zu werten ( reaktives Konzept ) . Bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten wurde der Operationserfolg 6 Monate nach der Operation , bei den Spondylodese-Patienten 9 Monate nach der Operation ueberprueft . Die Analyse der Daten von 78 Nucleotomie- und 132 Spondylodese-Patienten erbrachte keine signifikanten Korrelationen zwischen der praeoperativ gemessenen Depressivitaet und den Kriterien des Operationserfolges bei den Nucleotomie-Patienten . Bei den Spondylodese Patienten dagegen wurden signifikante negative Korrelationen zwischen praeoperativer Depressivitaet und den subjektiven Parametern des Erfolges gefunden . Postoperativ waren bei beiden Patientengruppen ausgepraegte Zusammenhaenge zwischen Depressivitaet und fast allen Erfolgskriterien zu verzeichnen . Aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten mit klinisch relevanten Depressivitaetswerten war ein signifikant groesserer Anteil erfolglos operiert worden als aus der Teilstichprobe der Patienten ohne klinisch relevante Depressivitaetswerte . Die Ergebnisse legen nahe , dass sich das depressive Zustandsbild der Patienten als Reaktion auf einen unguenstigen Operationserfolg entwickelt bzw. verschlimmert . Die Notwendigkeit , fuer Patienten mit unguenstigem Operationserfolg psychologische Beratung oder Behandlung und physiotherapeutische Massnahmen zu kombinieren , wird diskutiert .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

sulfonate is a compound, peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor alpha is a protein

DS.d1240_task0

Sentence: Immunotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate and the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O" ]

Immunotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate and the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha.

[ "Immunotoxicity", "of", "perfluorooctanoic", "acid", "and", "perfluorooctane", "sulfonate", "and", "the", "role", "of", "peroxisome", "proliferator", "-", "activated", "receptor", "alpha", "." ]

[ "protein", "compound" ]

sulfonate is a compound, peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor alpha is a protein

DS.d1240_task1

Sentence: Immunotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate and the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: sulfonate, peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor alpha Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O" ]

Immunotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate and the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha.

[ "Immunotoxicity", "of", "perfluorooctanoic", "acid", "and", "perfluorooctane", "sulfonate", "and", "the", "role", "of", "peroxisome", "proliferator", "-", "activated", "receptor", "alpha", "." ]

[ "protein", "compound" ]

sulfonate, peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor alpha

DS.d1240_task2

Sentence: Immunotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate and the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O" ]

Immunotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate and the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha.

[ "Immunotoxicity", "of", "perfluorooctanoic", "acid", "and", "perfluorooctane", "sulfonate", "and", "the", "role", "of", "peroxisome", "proliferator", "-", "activated", "receptor", "alpha", "." ]

[ "protein", "compound" ]

Coagulation factor concentrate is a Intervention_Pharmacological, haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure is a Participant_Condition, clotting factor concentrate infusions is a Intervention_Pharmacological, concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, died is a Outcome_Mortality, major bleeding is a Outcome_Physical, survived . is a Outcome_Mortality, intravascular coagulation is a Outcome_Physical, factor VIII levels is a Outcome_Physical, prothrombin ratio is a Outcome_Physical, factor II is a Outcome_Physical, factors IX and X is a Outcome_Physical, factor IX is a Outcome_Physical

77787_task0

Sentence: Coagulation factor concentrate in the treatment of the haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure . To assess the value of clotting factor concentrate infusions in fulminant hepatic failure , a controlled trial was performed in which nine patients were randomly allocated to treatment with either concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin . The five patients receiving concentrate alone all died , with major bleeding as the direct cause of death in three , whereas in the four receiving heparin as well there was only one instance of bleeding and one patient survived . Clinical evidence of intravascular coagulation appeared in two patients treated with concentrate alone and the laboratory evidence of this progressed during the period of infusions in all patients in both treatment groups , although to a lesser extent in those receiving heparin . Additional evidence for intravascular coagulation came from the changes observed in factor VIII levels which , although initially high in all patients , fell subsequently , particularly in those given concentrate alone . There was some improvement in the prothrombin ratio in both groups of patients but not complete correction , and serial assays of clotting factors showed that although factor II rose to high levels during treatment , factors IX and X showed little response . Thus , the use of concentrate of factor IX in this trial , as well as potentiating intravascular coagulation , was inadequate as replacement for the clotting factor deficiencies . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Mortality

[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Coagulation factor concentrate in the treatment of the haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure . To assess the value of clotting factor concentrate infusions in fulminant hepatic failure , a controlled trial was performed in which nine patients were randomly allocated to treatment with either concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin . The five patients receiving concentrate alone all died , with major bleeding as the direct cause of death in three , whereas in the four receiving heparin as well there was only one instance of bleeding and one patient survived . Clinical evidence of intravascular coagulation appeared in two patients treated with concentrate alone and the laboratory evidence of this progressed during the period of infusions in all patients in both treatment groups , although to a lesser extent in those receiving heparin . Additional evidence for intravascular coagulation came from the changes observed in factor VIII levels which , although initially high in all patients , fell subsequently , particularly in those given concentrate alone . There was some improvement in the prothrombin ratio in both groups of patients but not complete correction , and serial assays of clotting factors showed that although factor II rose to high levels during treatment , factors IX and X showed little response . Thus , the use of concentrate of factor IX in this trial , as well as potentiating intravascular coagulation , was inadequate as replacement for the clotting factor deficiencies .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Mortality" ]

Coagulation factor concentrate is a Intervention_Pharmacological, haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure is a Participant_Condition, clotting factor concentrate infusions is a Intervention_Pharmacological, concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, died is a Outcome_Mortality, major bleeding is a Outcome_Physical, survived . is a Outcome_Mortality, intravascular coagulation is a Outcome_Physical, factor VIII levels is a Outcome_Physical, prothrombin ratio is a Outcome_Physical, factor II is a Outcome_Physical, factors IX and X is a Outcome_Physical, factor IX is a Outcome_Physical

77787_task1

Sentence: Coagulation factor concentrate in the treatment of the haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure . To assess the value of clotting factor concentrate infusions in fulminant hepatic failure , a controlled trial was performed in which nine patients were randomly allocated to treatment with either concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin . The five patients receiving concentrate alone all died , with major bleeding as the direct cause of death in three , whereas in the four receiving heparin as well there was only one instance of bleeding and one patient survived . Clinical evidence of intravascular coagulation appeared in two patients treated with concentrate alone and the laboratory evidence of this progressed during the period of infusions in all patients in both treatment groups , although to a lesser extent in those receiving heparin . Additional evidence for intravascular coagulation came from the changes observed in factor VIII levels which , although initially high in all patients , fell subsequently , particularly in those given concentrate alone . There was some improvement in the prothrombin ratio in both groups of patients but not complete correction , and serial assays of clotting factors showed that although factor II rose to high levels during treatment , factors IX and X showed little response . Thus , the use of concentrate of factor IX in this trial , as well as potentiating intravascular coagulation , was inadequate as replacement for the clotting factor deficiencies . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Coagulation factor concentrate, haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure, clotting factor concentrate infusions, concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin, died, major bleeding, survived ., intravascular coagulation, factor VIII levels, prothrombin ratio, factor II, factors IX and X, factor IX Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Mortality

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Coagulation factor concentrate in the treatment of the haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure . To assess the value of clotting factor concentrate infusions in fulminant hepatic failure , a controlled trial was performed in which nine patients were randomly allocated to treatment with either concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin . The five patients receiving concentrate alone all died , with major bleeding as the direct cause of death in three , whereas in the four receiving heparin as well there was only one instance of bleeding and one patient survived . Clinical evidence of intravascular coagulation appeared in two patients treated with concentrate alone and the laboratory evidence of this progressed during the period of infusions in all patients in both treatment groups , although to a lesser extent in those receiving heparin . Additional evidence for intravascular coagulation came from the changes observed in factor VIII levels which , although initially high in all patients , fell subsequently , particularly in those given concentrate alone . There was some improvement in the prothrombin ratio in both groups of patients but not complete correction , and serial assays of clotting factors showed that although factor II rose to high levels during treatment , factors IX and X showed little response . Thus , the use of concentrate of factor IX in this trial , as well as potentiating intravascular coagulation , was inadequate as replacement for the clotting factor deficiencies .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Mortality" ]

Coagulation factor concentrate, haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure, clotting factor concentrate infusions, concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin, died, major bleeding, survived ., intravascular coagulation, factor VIII levels, prothrombin ratio, factor II, factors IX and X, factor IX

77787_task2

Sentence: Coagulation factor concentrate in the treatment of the haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure . To assess the value of clotting factor concentrate infusions in fulminant hepatic failure , a controlled trial was performed in which nine patients were randomly allocated to treatment with either concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin . The five patients receiving concentrate alone all died , with major bleeding as the direct cause of death in three , whereas in the four receiving heparin as well there was only one instance of bleeding and one patient survived . Clinical evidence of intravascular coagulation appeared in two patients treated with concentrate alone and the laboratory evidence of this progressed during the period of infusions in all patients in both treatment groups , although to a lesser extent in those receiving heparin . Additional evidence for intravascular coagulation came from the changes observed in factor VIII levels which , although initially high in all patients , fell subsequently , particularly in those given concentrate alone . There was some improvement in the prothrombin ratio in both groups of patients but not complete correction , and serial assays of clotting factors showed that although factor II rose to high levels during treatment , factors IX and X showed little response . Thus , the use of concentrate of factor IX in this trial , as well as potentiating intravascular coagulation , was inadequate as replacement for the clotting factor deficiencies . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Coagulation factor concentrate in the treatment of the haemorrhagic diathesis of fulminant hepatic failure . To assess the value of clotting factor concentrate infusions in fulminant hepatic failure , a controlled trial was performed in which nine patients were randomly allocated to treatment with either concentrate alone or concentrate plus heparin . The five patients receiving concentrate alone all died , with major bleeding as the direct cause of death in three , whereas in the four receiving heparin as well there was only one instance of bleeding and one patient survived . Clinical evidence of intravascular coagulation appeared in two patients treated with concentrate alone and the laboratory evidence of this progressed during the period of infusions in all patients in both treatment groups , although to a lesser extent in those receiving heparin . Additional evidence for intravascular coagulation came from the changes observed in factor VIII levels which , although initially high in all patients , fell subsequently , particularly in those given concentrate alone . There was some improvement in the prothrombin ratio in both groups of patients but not complete correction , and serial assays of clotting factors showed that although factor II rose to high levels during treatment , factors IX and X showed little response . Thus , the use of concentrate of factor IX in this trial , as well as potentiating intravascular coagulation , was inadequate as replacement for the clotting factor deficiencies .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Mortality" ]

teniposide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, with whole - brain radiotherapy is a Intervention_Physical, patients with small - cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) is a Participant_Condition, Whole - brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ) is a Intervention_Physical, chemotherapy is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Teniposide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, clinically is a Outcome_Other, computed tomography of the brain is a Outcome_Other, One hundred twenty eligible patients is a Participant_Condition, response rate is a Outcome_Other, teniposide - alone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Time to progression is a Outcome_Physical, in the brain is a Outcome_Other, longer is a Outcome_Other, Clinical response is a Outcome_Other, median survival time is a Outcome_Mortality, Survival is a Outcome_Mortality

4519_task0

Sentence: Treatment of brain metastases of small-cell lung cancer : comparing teniposide and teniposide with whole-brain radiotherapy -- a phase III study of the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Lung Cancer Cooperative Group . PURPOSE Approximately 60 % of patients with small-cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) develop brain metastases . Whole-brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ) gives symptomatic improvement in more than 50 % of these patients . Because brain metastases are a sign of systemic progression , and chemotherapy was found to be effective as well , it becomes questionable whether WBRT is the only appropriate therapy in this situation . PATIENTS AND METHODS In a phase III study , SCLC patients with brain metastases were randomized to receive teniposide with or without WBRT . Teniposide 120 mg/m ( 2 ) was given intravenously three times a week , every 3 weeks . WBRT ( 10 fractions of 3 Gy ) had to start within 3 weeks from the start of chemotherapy . Response was measured clinically and by computed tomography of the brain . RESULTS One hundred twenty eligible patients were randomized . A 57 % response rate was seen in the combined-modality arm ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 43 % to 69 % ) , and a 22 % response rate was seen in the teniposide-alone arm ( 95 % CI , 12 % to 34 % ) ( P < .001 ) . Time to progression in the brain was longer in the combined-modality group ( P=.005 ) . Clinical response and response outside the brain were not different . The median survival time was 3.5 months in the combined-modality arm and 3.2 months in the teniposide-alone arm . Overall survival in both groups was not different ( P=.087 ) . CONCLUSION Adding WBRT to teniposide results in a much higher response rate of brain metastases and in a longer time to progression of brain metastases than teniposide alone . Survival was poor in both groups and not significantly different . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Mortality, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other

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Treatment of brain metastases of small-cell lung cancer : comparing teniposide and teniposide with whole-brain radiotherapy -- a phase III study of the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Lung Cancer Cooperative Group . PURPOSE Approximately 60 % of patients with small-cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) develop brain metastases . Whole-brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ) gives symptomatic improvement in more than 50 % of these patients . Because brain metastases are a sign of systemic progression , and chemotherapy was found to be effective as well , it becomes questionable whether WBRT is the only appropriate therapy in this situation . PATIENTS AND METHODS In a phase III study , SCLC patients with brain metastases were randomized to receive teniposide with or without WBRT . Teniposide 120 mg/m ( 2 ) was given intravenously three times a week , every 3 weeks . WBRT ( 10 fractions of 3 Gy ) had to start within 3 weeks from the start of chemotherapy . Response was measured clinically and by computed tomography of the brain . RESULTS One hundred twenty eligible patients were randomized . A 57 % response rate was seen in the combined-modality arm ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 43 % to 69 % ) , and a 22 % response rate was seen in the teniposide-alone arm ( 95 % CI , 12 % to 34 % ) ( P < .001 ) . Time to progression in the brain was longer in the combined-modality group ( P=.005 ) . Clinical response and response outside the brain were not different . The median survival time was 3.5 months in the combined-modality arm and 3.2 months in the teniposide-alone arm . Overall survival in both groups was not different ( P=.087 ) . CONCLUSION Adding WBRT to teniposide results in a much higher response rate of brain metastases and in a longer time to progression of brain metastases than teniposide alone . Survival was poor in both groups and not significantly different .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Mortality", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]

teniposide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, with whole - brain radiotherapy is a Intervention_Physical, patients with small - cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) is a Participant_Condition, Whole - brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ) is a Intervention_Physical, chemotherapy is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Teniposide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, clinically is a Outcome_Other, computed tomography of the brain is a Outcome_Other, One hundred twenty eligible patients is a Participant_Condition, response rate is a Outcome_Other, teniposide - alone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Time to progression is a Outcome_Physical, in the brain is a Outcome_Other, longer is a Outcome_Other, Clinical response is a Outcome_Other, median survival time is a Outcome_Mortality, Survival is a Outcome_Mortality

4519_task1

Sentence: Treatment of brain metastases of small-cell lung cancer : comparing teniposide and teniposide with whole-brain radiotherapy -- a phase III study of the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Lung Cancer Cooperative Group . PURPOSE Approximately 60 % of patients with small-cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) develop brain metastases . Whole-brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ) gives symptomatic improvement in more than 50 % of these patients . Because brain metastases are a sign of systemic progression , and chemotherapy was found to be effective as well , it becomes questionable whether WBRT is the only appropriate therapy in this situation . PATIENTS AND METHODS In a phase III study , SCLC patients with brain metastases were randomized to receive teniposide with or without WBRT . Teniposide 120 mg/m ( 2 ) was given intravenously three times a week , every 3 weeks . WBRT ( 10 fractions of 3 Gy ) had to start within 3 weeks from the start of chemotherapy . Response was measured clinically and by computed tomography of the brain . RESULTS One hundred twenty eligible patients were randomized . A 57 % response rate was seen in the combined-modality arm ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 43 % to 69 % ) , and a 22 % response rate was seen in the teniposide-alone arm ( 95 % CI , 12 % to 34 % ) ( P < .001 ) . Time to progression in the brain was longer in the combined-modality group ( P=.005 ) . Clinical response and response outside the brain were not different . The median survival time was 3.5 months in the combined-modality arm and 3.2 months in the teniposide-alone arm . Overall survival in both groups was not different ( P=.087 ) . CONCLUSION Adding WBRT to teniposide results in a much higher response rate of brain metastases and in a longer time to progression of brain metastases than teniposide alone . Survival was poor in both groups and not significantly different . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: teniposide, with whole - brain radiotherapy, patients with small - cell lung cancer ( SCLC ), Whole - brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ), chemotherapy, Teniposide, clinically, computed tomography of the brain, One hundred twenty eligible patients, response rate, teniposide - alone, Time to progression, in the brain, longer, Clinical response, median survival time, Survival Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Mortality, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other

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Treatment of brain metastases of small-cell lung cancer : comparing teniposide and teniposide with whole-brain radiotherapy -- a phase III study of the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Lung Cancer Cooperative Group . PURPOSE Approximately 60 % of patients with small-cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) develop brain metastases . Whole-brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ) gives symptomatic improvement in more than 50 % of these patients . Because brain metastases are a sign of systemic progression , and chemotherapy was found to be effective as well , it becomes questionable whether WBRT is the only appropriate therapy in this situation . PATIENTS AND METHODS In a phase III study , SCLC patients with brain metastases were randomized to receive teniposide with or without WBRT . Teniposide 120 mg/m ( 2 ) was given intravenously three times a week , every 3 weeks . WBRT ( 10 fractions of 3 Gy ) had to start within 3 weeks from the start of chemotherapy . Response was measured clinically and by computed tomography of the brain . RESULTS One hundred twenty eligible patients were randomized . A 57 % response rate was seen in the combined-modality arm ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 43 % to 69 % ) , and a 22 % response rate was seen in the teniposide-alone arm ( 95 % CI , 12 % to 34 % ) ( P < .001 ) . Time to progression in the brain was longer in the combined-modality group ( P=.005 ) . Clinical response and response outside the brain were not different . The median survival time was 3.5 months in the combined-modality arm and 3.2 months in the teniposide-alone arm . Overall survival in both groups was not different ( P=.087 ) . CONCLUSION Adding WBRT to teniposide results in a much higher response rate of brain metastases and in a longer time to progression of brain metastases than teniposide alone . Survival was poor in both groups and not significantly different .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Mortality", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]

teniposide, with whole - brain radiotherapy, patients with small - cell lung cancer ( SCLC ), Whole - brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ), chemotherapy, Teniposide, clinically, computed tomography of the brain, One hundred twenty eligible patients, response rate, teniposide - alone, Time to progression, in the brain, longer, Clinical response, median survival time, Survival

4519_task2

Sentence: Treatment of brain metastases of small-cell lung cancer : comparing teniposide and teniposide with whole-brain radiotherapy -- a phase III study of the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Lung Cancer Cooperative Group . PURPOSE Approximately 60 % of patients with small-cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) develop brain metastases . Whole-brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ) gives symptomatic improvement in more than 50 % of these patients . Because brain metastases are a sign of systemic progression , and chemotherapy was found to be effective as well , it becomes questionable whether WBRT is the only appropriate therapy in this situation . PATIENTS AND METHODS In a phase III study , SCLC patients with brain metastases were randomized to receive teniposide with or without WBRT . Teniposide 120 mg/m ( 2 ) was given intravenously three times a week , every 3 weeks . WBRT ( 10 fractions of 3 Gy ) had to start within 3 weeks from the start of chemotherapy . Response was measured clinically and by computed tomography of the brain . RESULTS One hundred twenty eligible patients were randomized . A 57 % response rate was seen in the combined-modality arm ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 43 % to 69 % ) , and a 22 % response rate was seen in the teniposide-alone arm ( 95 % CI , 12 % to 34 % ) ( P < .001 ) . Time to progression in the brain was longer in the combined-modality group ( P=.005 ) . Clinical response and response outside the brain were not different . The median survival time was 3.5 months in the combined-modality arm and 3.2 months in the teniposide-alone arm . Overall survival in both groups was not different ( P=.087 ) . CONCLUSION Adding WBRT to teniposide results in a much higher response rate of brain metastases and in a longer time to progression of brain metastases than teniposide alone . Survival was poor in both groups and not significantly different . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Treatment of brain metastases of small-cell lung cancer : comparing teniposide and teniposide with whole-brain radiotherapy -- a phase III study of the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Lung Cancer Cooperative Group . PURPOSE Approximately 60 % of patients with small-cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) develop brain metastases . Whole-brain radiotherapy ( WBRT ) gives symptomatic improvement in more than 50 % of these patients . Because brain metastases are a sign of systemic progression , and chemotherapy was found to be effective as well , it becomes questionable whether WBRT is the only appropriate therapy in this situation . PATIENTS AND METHODS In a phase III study , SCLC patients with brain metastases were randomized to receive teniposide with or without WBRT . Teniposide 120 mg/m ( 2 ) was given intravenously three times a week , every 3 weeks . WBRT ( 10 fractions of 3 Gy ) had to start within 3 weeks from the start of chemotherapy . Response was measured clinically and by computed tomography of the brain . RESULTS One hundred twenty eligible patients were randomized . A 57 % response rate was seen in the combined-modality arm ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 43 % to 69 % ) , and a 22 % response rate was seen in the teniposide-alone arm ( 95 % CI , 12 % to 34 % ) ( P < .001 ) . Time to progression in the brain was longer in the combined-modality group ( P=.005 ) . Clinical response and response outside the brain were not different . The median survival time was 3.5 months in the combined-modality arm and 3.2 months in the teniposide-alone arm . Overall survival in both groups was not different ( P=.087 ) . CONCLUSION Adding WBRT to teniposide results in a much higher response rate of brain metastases and in a longer time to progression of brain metastases than teniposide alone . Survival was poor in both groups and not significantly different .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Mortality", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]

UPRT is a protein, 5-fluorouracil is a compound, 5-FU is a compound, UPRT is a protein

DS.d525_task0

Sentence: Taking advantage of this prostate cancer-specific property of PSMA (E/P), we successfully introduced bacterial UPRT into LNCaP cells where the tumoricidal effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was significantly increased when compared with the cells without the exogenous UPRT. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein

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Taking advantage of this prostate cancer-specific property of PSMA (E/P), we successfully introduced bacterial UPRT into LNCaP cells where the tumoricidal effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was significantly increased when compared with the cells without the exogenous UPRT.

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[ "compound", "protein" ]

UPRT is a protein, 5-fluorouracil is a compound, 5-FU is a compound, UPRT is a protein

DS.d525_task1

Sentence: Taking advantage of this prostate cancer-specific property of PSMA (E/P), we successfully introduced bacterial UPRT into LNCaP cells where the tumoricidal effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was significantly increased when compared with the cells without the exogenous UPRT. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: UPRT, 5-fluorouracil, 5-FU, UPRT Options: compound, protein

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Taking advantage of this prostate cancer-specific property of PSMA (E/P), we successfully introduced bacterial UPRT into LNCaP cells where the tumoricidal effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was significantly increased when compared with the cells without the exogenous UPRT.

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[ "compound", "protein" ]

UPRT, 5-fluorouracil, 5-FU, UPRT

DS.d525_task2

Sentence: Taking advantage of this prostate cancer-specific property of PSMA (E/P), we successfully introduced bacterial UPRT into LNCaP cells where the tumoricidal effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was significantly increased when compared with the cells without the exogenous UPRT. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Taking advantage of this prostate cancer-specific property of PSMA (E/P), we successfully introduced bacterial UPRT into LNCaP cells where the tumoricidal effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was significantly increased when compared with the cells without the exogenous UPRT.

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Operationsmethode is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen is an umlsterm, Wirbelsaeule is an umlsterm, Techniken is an umlsterm, Wirbelsaeule is an umlsterm, Wirbelsaeulenoperateure is an umlsterm, Technik is an umlsterm, Gelenkfortsatz is an umlsterm, Segmentalarterie is an umlsterm, Orientierung is an umlsterm, Beurteilung is an umlsterm

DerOrthopaede.90280693.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Die transpedikulaere Schraubenverankerung stellt eine weit verbreitete Operationsmethode bei der Behandlung von Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen oder Erkrankungen der Wirbelsaeule dar . Um herauszufinden , welche Techniken dabei angewendet werden , befragten wir innerhalb der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Wirbelsaeule der DGU 31 Wirbelsaeulenoperateure aus 13 Kliniken . Unsere Umfrage verdeutlicht , dass es keine einheitliche Technik der Pedikelinstrumentierung gibt . Etwa die Haelfte der Antworten zu jeder Frage waren uebereinstimmend und duerften damit die vorherrschende Meinung repraesentieren : Fuer die Lagerung werden meist herkoemmliche Kissen verwendet ( 22/31 ) . Bei der Weichteilpraeparation wird die Fascia thoracolumbalis ueberwiegend mit dem Skalpell inzidiert ( 21/31 ) , die seitlich an den Gelenkfortsatz ansetzende Muskulatur bewusst geschont ( 22/31 ) und der Truncus dorsospinalis der Segmentalarterie normalerweise nicht koaguliert ( 25/31 ) . Der Bildwandler wird entweder vor Operationsbeginn steril abgedeckt ( 15/31 ) oder waehrend der Operation hereingefahren ( 14/31 ) , die intraoperative Orientierung erfolgt koronar meist klinisch und sagittal roentgenologisch ( 15/31 ) . Die Kortikalis wird ueberwiegend mit einem Luer eroeffnet ( 22/31 ) , das transpedikulaere Bohrloch mit einem Spickdraht praepariert ( 11/31 ) und anschliessend mit dem Bildwandler kontrolliert ( 15/31 ) . Die Mehrzahl der befragten Operateure reagiert auf eine Perforation der medialen Pedikelwand mit der Bohrung eines korrigierten Schraubenkanals ( 13/31 ) , auf die Perforation der lateralen Pedikelwand mit einer Medialisierung beim Eindrehen ( 12/31 ) oder Belassen der Schraube bei festem Sitz ( 11/31 ) . Wenn Liquor aus dem Bohrloch austritt , reagiert wiederum die Haelfte durch Lateralisierung der Schraube oder eine weiter lateral angelegte Bohrung ( 16/31 ) . Bei fehlendem Verdacht einer Schraubenfehllage lehnen die meisten Chirurgen ein postoperatives CT ausschliesslich zur Beurteilung der Schraubenlage ab ( 21/31 ) . Die andere Haelfte der Antworten fiel ungleichmaessig aus . Vergleichende Untersuchungen , welche technischen Varianten bessere Ergebnisse liefern , gibt es aber bis jetzt nicht . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Die transpedikulaere Schraubenverankerung stellt eine weit verbreitete Operationsmethode bei der Behandlung von Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen oder Erkrankungen der Wirbelsaeule dar . Um herauszufinden , welche Techniken dabei angewendet werden , befragten wir innerhalb der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Wirbelsaeule der DGU 31 Wirbelsaeulenoperateure aus 13 Kliniken . Unsere Umfrage verdeutlicht , dass es keine einheitliche Technik der Pedikelinstrumentierung gibt . Etwa die Haelfte der Antworten zu jeder Frage waren uebereinstimmend und duerften damit die vorherrschende Meinung repraesentieren : Fuer die Lagerung werden meist herkoemmliche Kissen verwendet ( 22/31 ) . Bei der Weichteilpraeparation wird die Fascia thoracolumbalis ueberwiegend mit dem Skalpell inzidiert ( 21/31 ) , die seitlich an den Gelenkfortsatz ansetzende Muskulatur bewusst geschont ( 22/31 ) und der Truncus dorsospinalis der Segmentalarterie normalerweise nicht koaguliert ( 25/31 ) . Der Bildwandler wird entweder vor Operationsbeginn steril abgedeckt ( 15/31 ) oder waehrend der Operation hereingefahren ( 14/31 ) , die intraoperative Orientierung erfolgt koronar meist klinisch und sagittal roentgenologisch ( 15/31 ) . Die Kortikalis wird ueberwiegend mit einem Luer eroeffnet ( 22/31 ) , das transpedikulaere Bohrloch mit einem Spickdraht praepariert ( 11/31 ) und anschliessend mit dem Bildwandler kontrolliert ( 15/31 ) . Die Mehrzahl der befragten Operateure reagiert auf eine Perforation der medialen Pedikelwand mit der Bohrung eines korrigierten Schraubenkanals ( 13/31 ) , auf die Perforation der lateralen Pedikelwand mit einer Medialisierung beim Eindrehen ( 12/31 ) oder Belassen der Schraube bei festem Sitz ( 11/31 ) . Wenn Liquor aus dem Bohrloch austritt , reagiert wiederum die Haelfte durch Lateralisierung der Schraube oder eine weiter lateral angelegte Bohrung ( 16/31 ) . Bei fehlendem Verdacht einer Schraubenfehllage lehnen die meisten Chirurgen ein postoperatives CT ausschliesslich zur Beurteilung der Schraubenlage ab ( 21/31 ) . Die andere Haelfte der Antworten fiel ungleichmaessig aus . Vergleichende Untersuchungen , welche technischen Varianten bessere Ergebnisse liefern , gibt es aber bis jetzt nicht .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Operationsmethode is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen is an umlsterm, Wirbelsaeule is an umlsterm, Techniken is an umlsterm, Wirbelsaeule is an umlsterm, Wirbelsaeulenoperateure is an umlsterm, Technik is an umlsterm, Gelenkfortsatz is an umlsterm, Segmentalarterie is an umlsterm, Orientierung is an umlsterm, Beurteilung is an umlsterm

DerOrthopaede.90280693.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Die transpedikulaere Schraubenverankerung stellt eine weit verbreitete Operationsmethode bei der Behandlung von Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen oder Erkrankungen der Wirbelsaeule dar . Um herauszufinden , welche Techniken dabei angewendet werden , befragten wir innerhalb der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Wirbelsaeule der DGU 31 Wirbelsaeulenoperateure aus 13 Kliniken . Unsere Umfrage verdeutlicht , dass es keine einheitliche Technik der Pedikelinstrumentierung gibt . Etwa die Haelfte der Antworten zu jeder Frage waren uebereinstimmend und duerften damit die vorherrschende Meinung repraesentieren : Fuer die Lagerung werden meist herkoemmliche Kissen verwendet ( 22/31 ) . Bei der Weichteilpraeparation wird die Fascia thoracolumbalis ueberwiegend mit dem Skalpell inzidiert ( 21/31 ) , die seitlich an den Gelenkfortsatz ansetzende Muskulatur bewusst geschont ( 22/31 ) und der Truncus dorsospinalis der Segmentalarterie normalerweise nicht koaguliert ( 25/31 ) . Der Bildwandler wird entweder vor Operationsbeginn steril abgedeckt ( 15/31 ) oder waehrend der Operation hereingefahren ( 14/31 ) , die intraoperative Orientierung erfolgt koronar meist klinisch und sagittal roentgenologisch ( 15/31 ) . Die Kortikalis wird ueberwiegend mit einem Luer eroeffnet ( 22/31 ) , das transpedikulaere Bohrloch mit einem Spickdraht praepariert ( 11/31 ) und anschliessend mit dem Bildwandler kontrolliert ( 15/31 ) . Die Mehrzahl der befragten Operateure reagiert auf eine Perforation der medialen Pedikelwand mit der Bohrung eines korrigierten Schraubenkanals ( 13/31 ) , auf die Perforation der lateralen Pedikelwand mit einer Medialisierung beim Eindrehen ( 12/31 ) oder Belassen der Schraube bei festem Sitz ( 11/31 ) . Wenn Liquor aus dem Bohrloch austritt , reagiert wiederum die Haelfte durch Lateralisierung der Schraube oder eine weiter lateral angelegte Bohrung ( 16/31 ) . Bei fehlendem Verdacht einer Schraubenfehllage lehnen die meisten Chirurgen ein postoperatives CT ausschliesslich zur Beurteilung der Schraubenlage ab ( 21/31 ) . Die andere Haelfte der Antworten fiel ungleichmaessig aus . Vergleichende Untersuchungen , welche technischen Varianten bessere Ergebnisse liefern , gibt es aber bis jetzt nicht . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Operationsmethode, Behandlung, Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen, Wirbelsaeule, Techniken, Wirbelsaeule, Wirbelsaeulenoperateure, Technik, Gelenkfortsatz, Segmentalarterie, Orientierung, Beurteilung Options: umlsterm

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Die transpedikulaere Schraubenverankerung stellt eine weit verbreitete Operationsmethode bei der Behandlung von Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen oder Erkrankungen der Wirbelsaeule dar . Um herauszufinden , welche Techniken dabei angewendet werden , befragten wir innerhalb der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Wirbelsaeule der DGU 31 Wirbelsaeulenoperateure aus 13 Kliniken . Unsere Umfrage verdeutlicht , dass es keine einheitliche Technik der Pedikelinstrumentierung gibt . Etwa die Haelfte der Antworten zu jeder Frage waren uebereinstimmend und duerften damit die vorherrschende Meinung repraesentieren : Fuer die Lagerung werden meist herkoemmliche Kissen verwendet ( 22/31 ) . Bei der Weichteilpraeparation wird die Fascia thoracolumbalis ueberwiegend mit dem Skalpell inzidiert ( 21/31 ) , die seitlich an den Gelenkfortsatz ansetzende Muskulatur bewusst geschont ( 22/31 ) und der Truncus dorsospinalis der Segmentalarterie normalerweise nicht koaguliert ( 25/31 ) . Der Bildwandler wird entweder vor Operationsbeginn steril abgedeckt ( 15/31 ) oder waehrend der Operation hereingefahren ( 14/31 ) , die intraoperative Orientierung erfolgt koronar meist klinisch und sagittal roentgenologisch ( 15/31 ) . Die Kortikalis wird ueberwiegend mit einem Luer eroeffnet ( 22/31 ) , das transpedikulaere Bohrloch mit einem Spickdraht praepariert ( 11/31 ) und anschliessend mit dem Bildwandler kontrolliert ( 15/31 ) . Die Mehrzahl der befragten Operateure reagiert auf eine Perforation der medialen Pedikelwand mit der Bohrung eines korrigierten Schraubenkanals ( 13/31 ) , auf die Perforation der lateralen Pedikelwand mit einer Medialisierung beim Eindrehen ( 12/31 ) oder Belassen der Schraube bei festem Sitz ( 11/31 ) . Wenn Liquor aus dem Bohrloch austritt , reagiert wiederum die Haelfte durch Lateralisierung der Schraube oder eine weiter lateral angelegte Bohrung ( 16/31 ) . Bei fehlendem Verdacht einer Schraubenfehllage lehnen die meisten Chirurgen ein postoperatives CT ausschliesslich zur Beurteilung der Schraubenlage ab ( 21/31 ) . Die andere Haelfte der Antworten fiel ungleichmaessig aus . Vergleichende Untersuchungen , welche technischen Varianten bessere Ergebnisse liefern , gibt es aber bis jetzt nicht .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Operationsmethode, Behandlung, Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen, Wirbelsaeule, Techniken, Wirbelsaeule, Wirbelsaeulenoperateure, Technik, Gelenkfortsatz, Segmentalarterie, Orientierung, Beurteilung

DerOrthopaede.90280693.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Die transpedikulaere Schraubenverankerung stellt eine weit verbreitete Operationsmethode bei der Behandlung von Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen oder Erkrankungen der Wirbelsaeule dar . Um herauszufinden , welche Techniken dabei angewendet werden , befragten wir innerhalb der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Wirbelsaeule der DGU 31 Wirbelsaeulenoperateure aus 13 Kliniken . Unsere Umfrage verdeutlicht , dass es keine einheitliche Technik der Pedikelinstrumentierung gibt . Etwa die Haelfte der Antworten zu jeder Frage waren uebereinstimmend und duerften damit die vorherrschende Meinung repraesentieren : Fuer die Lagerung werden meist herkoemmliche Kissen verwendet ( 22/31 ) . Bei der Weichteilpraeparation wird die Fascia thoracolumbalis ueberwiegend mit dem Skalpell inzidiert ( 21/31 ) , die seitlich an den Gelenkfortsatz ansetzende Muskulatur bewusst geschont ( 22/31 ) und der Truncus dorsospinalis der Segmentalarterie normalerweise nicht koaguliert ( 25/31 ) . Der Bildwandler wird entweder vor Operationsbeginn steril abgedeckt ( 15/31 ) oder waehrend der Operation hereingefahren ( 14/31 ) , die intraoperative Orientierung erfolgt koronar meist klinisch und sagittal roentgenologisch ( 15/31 ) . Die Kortikalis wird ueberwiegend mit einem Luer eroeffnet ( 22/31 ) , das transpedikulaere Bohrloch mit einem Spickdraht praepariert ( 11/31 ) und anschliessend mit dem Bildwandler kontrolliert ( 15/31 ) . Die Mehrzahl der befragten Operateure reagiert auf eine Perforation der medialen Pedikelwand mit der Bohrung eines korrigierten Schraubenkanals ( 13/31 ) , auf die Perforation der lateralen Pedikelwand mit einer Medialisierung beim Eindrehen ( 12/31 ) oder Belassen der Schraube bei festem Sitz ( 11/31 ) . Wenn Liquor aus dem Bohrloch austritt , reagiert wiederum die Haelfte durch Lateralisierung der Schraube oder eine weiter lateral angelegte Bohrung ( 16/31 ) . Bei fehlendem Verdacht einer Schraubenfehllage lehnen die meisten Chirurgen ein postoperatives CT ausschliesslich zur Beurteilung der Schraubenlage ab ( 21/31 ) . Die andere Haelfte der Antworten fiel ungleichmaessig aus . Vergleichende Untersuchungen , welche technischen Varianten bessere Ergebnisse liefern , gibt es aber bis jetzt nicht . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Die transpedikulaere Schraubenverankerung stellt eine weit verbreitete Operationsmethode bei der Behandlung von Wirbelsaeulenverletzungen oder Erkrankungen der Wirbelsaeule dar . Um herauszufinden , welche Techniken dabei angewendet werden , befragten wir innerhalb der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Wirbelsaeule der DGU 31 Wirbelsaeulenoperateure aus 13 Kliniken . Unsere Umfrage verdeutlicht , dass es keine einheitliche Technik der Pedikelinstrumentierung gibt . Etwa die Haelfte der Antworten zu jeder Frage waren uebereinstimmend und duerften damit die vorherrschende Meinung repraesentieren : Fuer die Lagerung werden meist herkoemmliche Kissen verwendet ( 22/31 ) . Bei der Weichteilpraeparation wird die Fascia thoracolumbalis ueberwiegend mit dem Skalpell inzidiert ( 21/31 ) , die seitlich an den Gelenkfortsatz ansetzende Muskulatur bewusst geschont ( 22/31 ) und der Truncus dorsospinalis der Segmentalarterie normalerweise nicht koaguliert ( 25/31 ) . Der Bildwandler wird entweder vor Operationsbeginn steril abgedeckt ( 15/31 ) oder waehrend der Operation hereingefahren ( 14/31 ) , die intraoperative Orientierung erfolgt koronar meist klinisch und sagittal roentgenologisch ( 15/31 ) . Die Kortikalis wird ueberwiegend mit einem Luer eroeffnet ( 22/31 ) , das transpedikulaere Bohrloch mit einem Spickdraht praepariert ( 11/31 ) und anschliessend mit dem Bildwandler kontrolliert ( 15/31 ) . Die Mehrzahl der befragten Operateure reagiert auf eine Perforation der medialen Pedikelwand mit der Bohrung eines korrigierten Schraubenkanals ( 13/31 ) , auf die Perforation der lateralen Pedikelwand mit einer Medialisierung beim Eindrehen ( 12/31 ) oder Belassen der Schraube bei festem Sitz ( 11/31 ) . Wenn Liquor aus dem Bohrloch austritt , reagiert wiederum die Haelfte durch Lateralisierung der Schraube oder eine weiter lateral angelegte Bohrung ( 16/31 ) . Bei fehlendem Verdacht einer Schraubenfehllage lehnen die meisten Chirurgen ein postoperatives CT ausschliesslich zur Beurteilung der Schraubenlage ab ( 21/31 ) . Die andere Haelfte der Antworten fiel ungleichmaessig aus . Vergleichende Untersuchungen , welche technischen Varianten bessere Ergebnisse liefern , gibt es aber bis jetzt nicht .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, preeclampsia is a Outcome_Physical, thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor is a Intervention_Pharmacological, pregnant is a Participant_Condition, women is a Participant_Sex, Forty is a Participant_Sample-size, Ozagrel Hydrochloride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, occurrence of preeclampsia is a Outcome_Physical, hypertension is a Outcome_Physical, proteinuria is a Outcome_Physical, mean plasma concentration of TXB2 is a Outcome_Physical, a metabolite of TXA2 is a Outcome_Physical, 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha is a Outcome_Physical, a metabolite of PGI2 is a Outcome_Physical, maternal or fetal side effects observed is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, prevention of preeclampsia is a Outcome_Physical

1735_task0

Sentence: Trial of prophylactic administration of TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride , for preeclampsia . OBJECTIVE In an attempt to investigate the prophylactic effect of a thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor on pregnant women with a high risk of preeclampsia , the following clinical study was undertaken . METHODS Forty pregnant women were randomly allocated to control or treatment groups . Ozagrel Hydrochloride ( 400 mg/day , orally ) and placebo were started at 20 weeks of gestation and continued until delivery . RESULTS Seventeen of 20 ( 85 % ) women in the control group developed preeclampsia , whereas 9 of 20 ( 45 % ) in the treatment group developed preeclampsia . Ozagrel Hydrochloride significantly ( p < 0.01 ) reduced the occurrence of preeclampsia , and the incidence of both hypertension ( p < 0.05 ) and proteinuria ( p < 0.01 ) was significantly less in the treatment group compared with the control group . One month after administration , the mean plasma concentration of TXB2 , a metabolite of TXA2 , was significantly decreased ( p < 0.01 ) to 62.4 +/- 13.6 % , whereas that of 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha , a metabolite of PGI2 , was significantly increased ( p < 0.01 ) to 206.7 +/- 52.8 % . There were no maternal or fetal side effects observed . CONCLUSIONS It seems likely that Ozagrel Hydrochloride could be used for the prevention of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Sex, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size

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Trial of prophylactic administration of TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride , for preeclampsia . OBJECTIVE In an attempt to investigate the prophylactic effect of a thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor on pregnant women with a high risk of preeclampsia , the following clinical study was undertaken . METHODS Forty pregnant women were randomly allocated to control or treatment groups . Ozagrel Hydrochloride ( 400 mg/day , orally ) and placebo were started at 20 weeks of gestation and continued until delivery . RESULTS Seventeen of 20 ( 85 % ) women in the control group developed preeclampsia , whereas 9 of 20 ( 45 % ) in the treatment group developed preeclampsia . Ozagrel Hydrochloride significantly ( p < 0.01 ) reduced the occurrence of preeclampsia , and the incidence of both hypertension ( p < 0.05 ) and proteinuria ( p < 0.01 ) was significantly less in the treatment group compared with the control group . One month after administration , the mean plasma concentration of TXB2 , a metabolite of TXA2 , was significantly decreased ( p < 0.01 ) to 62.4 +/- 13.6 % , whereas that of 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha , a metabolite of PGI2 , was significantly increased ( p < 0.01 ) to 206.7 +/- 52.8 % . There were no maternal or fetal side effects observed . CONCLUSIONS It seems likely that Ozagrel Hydrochloride could be used for the prevention of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women .

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[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sex", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, preeclampsia is a Outcome_Physical, thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor is a Intervention_Pharmacological, pregnant is a Participant_Condition, women is a Participant_Sex, Forty is a Participant_Sample-size, Ozagrel Hydrochloride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, occurrence of preeclampsia is a Outcome_Physical, hypertension is a Outcome_Physical, proteinuria is a Outcome_Physical, mean plasma concentration of TXB2 is a Outcome_Physical, a metabolite of TXA2 is a Outcome_Physical, 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha is a Outcome_Physical, a metabolite of PGI2 is a Outcome_Physical, maternal or fetal side effects observed is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, prevention of preeclampsia is a Outcome_Physical

1735_task1

Sentence: Trial of prophylactic administration of TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride , for preeclampsia . OBJECTIVE In an attempt to investigate the prophylactic effect of a thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor on pregnant women with a high risk of preeclampsia , the following clinical study was undertaken . METHODS Forty pregnant women were randomly allocated to control or treatment groups . Ozagrel Hydrochloride ( 400 mg/day , orally ) and placebo were started at 20 weeks of gestation and continued until delivery . RESULTS Seventeen of 20 ( 85 % ) women in the control group developed preeclampsia , whereas 9 of 20 ( 45 % ) in the treatment group developed preeclampsia . Ozagrel Hydrochloride significantly ( p < 0.01 ) reduced the occurrence of preeclampsia , and the incidence of both hypertension ( p < 0.05 ) and proteinuria ( p < 0.01 ) was significantly less in the treatment group compared with the control group . One month after administration , the mean plasma concentration of TXB2 , a metabolite of TXA2 , was significantly decreased ( p < 0.01 ) to 62.4 +/- 13.6 % , whereas that of 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha , a metabolite of PGI2 , was significantly increased ( p < 0.01 ) to 206.7 +/- 52.8 % . There were no maternal or fetal side effects observed . CONCLUSIONS It seems likely that Ozagrel Hydrochloride could be used for the prevention of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride, preeclampsia, thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor, pregnant, women, Forty, Ozagrel Hydrochloride, placebo, occurrence of preeclampsia, hypertension, proteinuria, mean plasma concentration of TXB2, a metabolite of TXA2, 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha, a metabolite of PGI2, maternal or fetal side effects observed, prevention of preeclampsia Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Sex, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size

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Trial of prophylactic administration of TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride , for preeclampsia . OBJECTIVE In an attempt to investigate the prophylactic effect of a thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor on pregnant women with a high risk of preeclampsia , the following clinical study was undertaken . METHODS Forty pregnant women were randomly allocated to control or treatment groups . Ozagrel Hydrochloride ( 400 mg/day , orally ) and placebo were started at 20 weeks of gestation and continued until delivery . RESULTS Seventeen of 20 ( 85 % ) women in the control group developed preeclampsia , whereas 9 of 20 ( 45 % ) in the treatment group developed preeclampsia . Ozagrel Hydrochloride significantly ( p < 0.01 ) reduced the occurrence of preeclampsia , and the incidence of both hypertension ( p < 0.05 ) and proteinuria ( p < 0.01 ) was significantly less in the treatment group compared with the control group . One month after administration , the mean plasma concentration of TXB2 , a metabolite of TXA2 , was significantly decreased ( p < 0.01 ) to 62.4 +/- 13.6 % , whereas that of 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha , a metabolite of PGI2 , was significantly increased ( p < 0.01 ) to 206.7 +/- 52.8 % . There were no maternal or fetal side effects observed . CONCLUSIONS It seems likely that Ozagrel Hydrochloride could be used for the prevention of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women .

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[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sex", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride, preeclampsia, thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor, pregnant, women, Forty, Ozagrel Hydrochloride, placebo, occurrence of preeclampsia, hypertension, proteinuria, mean plasma concentration of TXB2, a metabolite of TXA2, 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha, a metabolite of PGI2, maternal or fetal side effects observed, prevention of preeclampsia

1735_task2

Sentence: Trial of prophylactic administration of TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride , for preeclampsia . OBJECTIVE In an attempt to investigate the prophylactic effect of a thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor on pregnant women with a high risk of preeclampsia , the following clinical study was undertaken . METHODS Forty pregnant women were randomly allocated to control or treatment groups . Ozagrel Hydrochloride ( 400 mg/day , orally ) and placebo were started at 20 weeks of gestation and continued until delivery . RESULTS Seventeen of 20 ( 85 % ) women in the control group developed preeclampsia , whereas 9 of 20 ( 45 % ) in the treatment group developed preeclampsia . Ozagrel Hydrochloride significantly ( p < 0.01 ) reduced the occurrence of preeclampsia , and the incidence of both hypertension ( p < 0.05 ) and proteinuria ( p < 0.01 ) was significantly less in the treatment group compared with the control group . One month after administration , the mean plasma concentration of TXB2 , a metabolite of TXA2 , was significantly decreased ( p < 0.01 ) to 62.4 +/- 13.6 % , whereas that of 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha , a metabolite of PGI2 , was significantly increased ( p < 0.01 ) to 206.7 +/- 52.8 % . There were no maternal or fetal side effects observed . CONCLUSIONS It seems likely that Ozagrel Hydrochloride could be used for the prevention of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Trial of prophylactic administration of TXA2 synthetase inhibitor , ozagrel hydrochloride , for preeclampsia . OBJECTIVE In an attempt to investigate the prophylactic effect of a thromboxane A2 ( TXA2 ) synthetase inhibitor on pregnant women with a high risk of preeclampsia , the following clinical study was undertaken . METHODS Forty pregnant women were randomly allocated to control or treatment groups . Ozagrel Hydrochloride ( 400 mg/day , orally ) and placebo were started at 20 weeks of gestation and continued until delivery . RESULTS Seventeen of 20 ( 85 % ) women in the control group developed preeclampsia , whereas 9 of 20 ( 45 % ) in the treatment group developed preeclampsia . Ozagrel Hydrochloride significantly ( p < 0.01 ) reduced the occurrence of preeclampsia , and the incidence of both hypertension ( p < 0.05 ) and proteinuria ( p < 0.01 ) was significantly less in the treatment group compared with the control group . One month after administration , the mean plasma concentration of TXB2 , a metabolite of TXA2 , was significantly decreased ( p < 0.01 ) to 62.4 +/- 13.6 % , whereas that of 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha , a metabolite of PGI2 , was significantly increased ( p < 0.01 ) to 206.7 +/- 52.8 % . There were no maternal or fetal side effects observed . CONCLUSIONS It seems likely that Ozagrel Hydrochloride could be used for the prevention of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women .

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[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sex", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

HERG is a GENE-Y, clofilium is a CHEMICAL, ibutilide is a CHEMICAL, human ether - a - go - go related gene ( hERG ) K(+ ) channels is a GENE-Y, hERG is a GENE-Y, hERG is a GENE-Y, hERG is a GENE-Y, clofilium is a CHEMICAL, ibutilide is a CHEMICAL, nitrogen is a CHEMICAL, phenyl is a CHEMICAL, hERG is a GENE-Y, phenyl is a CHEMICAL

12231_task0

Sentence: Drug binding interactions in the inner cavity of HERG channels: molecular insights from structure-activity relationships of clofilium and ibutilide analogs. Block of human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) K(+) channels by otherwise useful drugs is the most common cause of long QT syndrome, a disorder of cardiac repolarization that predisposes patients to potentially fatal arrhythmias. This undesirable long QT side effect has been a major reason for the withdrawal of medications from the pharmaceutical market. Understanding the molecular basis of hERG block is therefore essential to facilitate the design of safe drugs. Binding sites for hERG blockers have been mapped within the inner cavity of the channel and include aromatic residues in the S6 helix (Tyr-652, Phe-656) and residues in the pore helix (Thr-623, Ser-624, Val-625). We used mutagenesis of these residues, combined with an investigation of hERG block by close analogs of clofilium and ibutilide, to assess how specific alterations in drug structure affected potency and binding interactions. Although changing the basic nitrogen from quaternary to tertiary accelerated the onset of block, the IC(50) and kinetics for recovery from block were similar. In contrast, analogs with different para-substituents on the phenyl ring had significantly different potencies for wild-type hERG block. The highest potency was achieved with polar or electronegative para-substituents, whereas neutral para-substituents had potencies more than 100-fold lower. Results from mutagenesis and molecular modeling studies suggest that phenyl ring para-substituents influence drug interactions with Thr-623, Ser-624, and Tyr-652 and strongly affect binding affinity. Together, these findings suggest that modifying the para-substituent could be a useful strategy for reducing hERG potency and increasing the safety margin of compounds in development. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL

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Drug binding interactions in the inner cavity of HERG channels: molecular insights from structure-activity relationships of clofilium and ibutilide analogs. Block of human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) K(+) channels by otherwise useful drugs is the most common cause of long QT syndrome, a disorder of cardiac repolarization that predisposes patients to potentially fatal arrhythmias. This undesirable long QT side effect has been a major reason for the withdrawal of medications from the pharmaceutical market. Understanding the molecular basis of hERG block is therefore essential to facilitate the design of safe drugs. Binding sites for hERG blockers have been mapped within the inner cavity of the channel and include aromatic residues in the S6 helix (Tyr-652, Phe-656) and residues in the pore helix (Thr-623, Ser-624, Val-625). We used mutagenesis of these residues, combined with an investigation of hERG block by close analogs of clofilium and ibutilide, to assess how specific alterations in drug structure affected potency and binding interactions. Although changing the basic nitrogen from quaternary to tertiary accelerated the onset of block, the IC(50) and kinetics for recovery from block were similar. In contrast, analogs with different para-substituents on the phenyl ring had significantly different potencies for wild-type hERG block. The highest potency was achieved with polar or electronegative para-substituents, whereas neutral para-substituents had potencies more than 100-fold lower. Results from mutagenesis and molecular modeling studies suggest that phenyl ring para-substituents influence drug interactions with Thr-623, Ser-624, and Tyr-652 and strongly affect binding affinity. Together, these findings suggest that modifying the para-substituent could be a useful strategy for reducing hERG potency and increasing the safety margin of compounds in development.

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[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]

HERG is a GENE-Y, clofilium is a CHEMICAL, ibutilide is a CHEMICAL, human ether - a - go - go related gene ( hERG ) K(+ ) channels is a GENE-Y, hERG is a GENE-Y, hERG is a GENE-Y, hERG is a GENE-Y, clofilium is a CHEMICAL, ibutilide is a CHEMICAL, nitrogen is a CHEMICAL, phenyl is a CHEMICAL, hERG is a GENE-Y, phenyl is a CHEMICAL

12231_task1

Sentence: Drug binding interactions in the inner cavity of HERG channels: molecular insights from structure-activity relationships of clofilium and ibutilide analogs. Block of human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) K(+) channels by otherwise useful drugs is the most common cause of long QT syndrome, a disorder of cardiac repolarization that predisposes patients to potentially fatal arrhythmias. This undesirable long QT side effect has been a major reason for the withdrawal of medications from the pharmaceutical market. Understanding the molecular basis of hERG block is therefore essential to facilitate the design of safe drugs. Binding sites for hERG blockers have been mapped within the inner cavity of the channel and include aromatic residues in the S6 helix (Tyr-652, Phe-656) and residues in the pore helix (Thr-623, Ser-624, Val-625). We used mutagenesis of these residues, combined with an investigation of hERG block by close analogs of clofilium and ibutilide, to assess how specific alterations in drug structure affected potency and binding interactions. Although changing the basic nitrogen from quaternary to tertiary accelerated the onset of block, the IC(50) and kinetics for recovery from block were similar. In contrast, analogs with different para-substituents on the phenyl ring had significantly different potencies for wild-type hERG block. The highest potency was achieved with polar or electronegative para-substituents, whereas neutral para-substituents had potencies more than 100-fold lower. Results from mutagenesis and molecular modeling studies suggest that phenyl ring para-substituents influence drug interactions with Thr-623, Ser-624, and Tyr-652 and strongly affect binding affinity. Together, these findings suggest that modifying the para-substituent could be a useful strategy for reducing hERG potency and increasing the safety margin of compounds in development. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: HERG, clofilium, ibutilide, human ether - a - go - go related gene ( hERG ) K(+ ) channels, hERG, hERG, hERG, clofilium, ibutilide, nitrogen, phenyl, hERG, phenyl Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL

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Drug binding interactions in the inner cavity of HERG channels: molecular insights from structure-activity relationships of clofilium and ibutilide analogs. Block of human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) K(+) channels by otherwise useful drugs is the most common cause of long QT syndrome, a disorder of cardiac repolarization that predisposes patients to potentially fatal arrhythmias. This undesirable long QT side effect has been a major reason for the withdrawal of medications from the pharmaceutical market. Understanding the molecular basis of hERG block is therefore essential to facilitate the design of safe drugs. Binding sites for hERG blockers have been mapped within the inner cavity of the channel and include aromatic residues in the S6 helix (Tyr-652, Phe-656) and residues in the pore helix (Thr-623, Ser-624, Val-625). We used mutagenesis of these residues, combined with an investigation of hERG block by close analogs of clofilium and ibutilide, to assess how specific alterations in drug structure affected potency and binding interactions. Although changing the basic nitrogen from quaternary to tertiary accelerated the onset of block, the IC(50) and kinetics for recovery from block were similar. In contrast, analogs with different para-substituents on the phenyl ring had significantly different potencies for wild-type hERG block. The highest potency was achieved with polar or electronegative para-substituents, whereas neutral para-substituents had potencies more than 100-fold lower. Results from mutagenesis and molecular modeling studies suggest that phenyl ring para-substituents influence drug interactions with Thr-623, Ser-624, and Tyr-652 and strongly affect binding affinity. Together, these findings suggest that modifying the para-substituent could be a useful strategy for reducing hERG potency and increasing the safety margin of compounds in development.

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[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]

HERG, clofilium, ibutilide, human ether - a - go - go related gene ( hERG ) K(+ ) channels, hERG, hERG, hERG, clofilium, ibutilide, nitrogen, phenyl, hERG, phenyl

12231_task2

Sentence: Drug binding interactions in the inner cavity of HERG channels: molecular insights from structure-activity relationships of clofilium and ibutilide analogs. Block of human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) K(+) channels by otherwise useful drugs is the most common cause of long QT syndrome, a disorder of cardiac repolarization that predisposes patients to potentially fatal arrhythmias. This undesirable long QT side effect has been a major reason for the withdrawal of medications from the pharmaceutical market. Understanding the molecular basis of hERG block is therefore essential to facilitate the design of safe drugs. Binding sites for hERG blockers have been mapped within the inner cavity of the channel and include aromatic residues in the S6 helix (Tyr-652, Phe-656) and residues in the pore helix (Thr-623, Ser-624, Val-625). We used mutagenesis of these residues, combined with an investigation of hERG block by close analogs of clofilium and ibutilide, to assess how specific alterations in drug structure affected potency and binding interactions. Although changing the basic nitrogen from quaternary to tertiary accelerated the onset of block, the IC(50) and kinetics for recovery from block were similar. In contrast, analogs with different para-substituents on the phenyl ring had significantly different potencies for wild-type hERG block. The highest potency was achieved with polar or electronegative para-substituents, whereas neutral para-substituents had potencies more than 100-fold lower. Results from mutagenesis and molecular modeling studies suggest that phenyl ring para-substituents influence drug interactions with Thr-623, Ser-624, and Tyr-652 and strongly affect binding affinity. Together, these findings suggest that modifying the para-substituent could be a useful strategy for reducing hERG potency and increasing the safety margin of compounds in development. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Drug binding interactions in the inner cavity of HERG channels: molecular insights from structure-activity relationships of clofilium and ibutilide analogs. Block of human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) K(+) channels by otherwise useful drugs is the most common cause of long QT syndrome, a disorder of cardiac repolarization that predisposes patients to potentially fatal arrhythmias. This undesirable long QT side effect has been a major reason for the withdrawal of medications from the pharmaceutical market. Understanding the molecular basis of hERG block is therefore essential to facilitate the design of safe drugs. Binding sites for hERG blockers have been mapped within the inner cavity of the channel and include aromatic residues in the S6 helix (Tyr-652, Phe-656) and residues in the pore helix (Thr-623, Ser-624, Val-625). We used mutagenesis of these residues, combined with an investigation of hERG block by close analogs of clofilium and ibutilide, to assess how specific alterations in drug structure affected potency and binding interactions. Although changing the basic nitrogen from quaternary to tertiary accelerated the onset of block, the IC(50) and kinetics for recovery from block were similar. In contrast, analogs with different para-substituents on the phenyl ring had significantly different potencies for wild-type hERG block. The highest potency was achieved with polar or electronegative para-substituents, whereas neutral para-substituents had potencies more than 100-fold lower. Results from mutagenesis and molecular modeling studies suggest that phenyl ring para-substituents influence drug interactions with Thr-623, Ser-624, and Tyr-652 and strongly affect binding affinity. Together, these findings suggest that modifying the para-substituent could be a useful strategy for reducing hERG potency and increasing the safety margin of compounds in development.

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[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]

traumatology is an umlsterm, compartment syndromes is an umlsterm, lower extremity is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, direct is an umlsterm, injuries is an umlsterm, ischaemia is an umlsterm, causes is an umlsterm, over - exertion is an umlsterm, causes is an umlsterm, rhabdomyolysis is an umlsterm, myositis is an umlsterm, myositis is an umlsterm, paper is an umlsterm, compartment syndrome is an umlsterm, ankle is an umlsterm

DerUnfallchirurg.81010232.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: In the field of traumatology , compartment syndromes of the lower extremity are often seen after fractures and direct injuries , or after ischaemia . Other causes include over-exertion and non-traumatic causes such as acute rhabdomyolysis , drug-induced myositis and eosinophilic myositis . This paper describes the clinical and MR course of a compartment syndrome following an ankle sprain . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]

In the field of traumatology , compartment syndromes of the lower extremity are often seen after fractures and direct injuries , or after ischaemia . Other causes include over-exertion and non-traumatic causes such as acute rhabdomyolysis , drug-induced myositis and eosinophilic myositis . This paper describes the clinical and MR course of a compartment syndrome following an ankle sprain .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

traumatology is an umlsterm, compartment syndromes is an umlsterm, lower extremity is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, direct is an umlsterm, injuries is an umlsterm, ischaemia is an umlsterm, causes is an umlsterm, over - exertion is an umlsterm, causes is an umlsterm, rhabdomyolysis is an umlsterm, myositis is an umlsterm, myositis is an umlsterm, paper is an umlsterm, compartment syndrome is an umlsterm, ankle is an umlsterm

DerUnfallchirurg.81010232.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: In the field of traumatology , compartment syndromes of the lower extremity are often seen after fractures and direct injuries , or after ischaemia . Other causes include over-exertion and non-traumatic causes such as acute rhabdomyolysis , drug-induced myositis and eosinophilic myositis . This paper describes the clinical and MR course of a compartment syndrome following an ankle sprain . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: traumatology, compartment syndromes, lower extremity, fractures, direct, injuries, ischaemia, causes, over - exertion, causes, rhabdomyolysis, myositis, myositis, paper, compartment syndrome, ankle Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]

In the field of traumatology , compartment syndromes of the lower extremity are often seen after fractures and direct injuries , or after ischaemia . Other causes include over-exertion and non-traumatic causes such as acute rhabdomyolysis , drug-induced myositis and eosinophilic myositis . This paper describes the clinical and MR course of a compartment syndrome following an ankle sprain .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

traumatology, compartment syndromes, lower extremity, fractures, direct, injuries, ischaemia, causes, over - exertion, causes, rhabdomyolysis, myositis, myositis, paper, compartment syndrome, ankle

DerUnfallchirurg.81010232.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: In the field of traumatology , compartment syndromes of the lower extremity are often seen after fractures and direct injuries , or after ischaemia . Other causes include over-exertion and non-traumatic causes such as acute rhabdomyolysis , drug-induced myositis and eosinophilic myositis . This paper describes the clinical and MR course of a compartment syndrome following an ankle sprain . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]

In the field of traumatology , compartment syndromes of the lower extremity are often seen after fractures and direct injuries , or after ischaemia . Other causes include over-exertion and non-traumatic causes such as acute rhabdomyolysis , drug-induced myositis and eosinophilic myositis . This paper describes the clinical and MR course of a compartment syndrome following an ankle sprain .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design is a participant

462_task0

Sentence: The trial will enroll 720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: participant

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "O" ]

The trial will enroll 720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design .

[ "The", "trial", "will", "enroll", "720", "unique", "patients", "in", "emergency", "departments", "and", "uses", "a", "Bayesian", "adaptive", "design", "." ]

[ "participant", "intervention" ]

720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design is a participant

462_task1

Sentence: The trial will enroll 720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: 720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design Options: participant

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "O" ]

The trial will enroll 720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design .

[ "The", "trial", "will", "enroll", "720", "unique", "patients", "in", "emergency", "departments", "and", "uses", "a", "Bayesian", "adaptive", "design", "." ]

[ "participant", "intervention" ]

720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design

462_task2

Sentence: The trial will enroll 720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "I-participant", "O" ]

The trial will enroll 720 unique patients in emergency departments and uses a Bayesian adaptive design .

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[ "participant", "intervention" ]

HOXB1 is a Gene, HOXB1 is a Gene, Arg207Cys is a SNP, HOXB1 is a Gene

52_task0

Sentence: HOXB1 founder mutation in humans recapitulates the phenotype of Hoxb1-/- mice. Members of the highly conserved homeobox (HOX) gene family encode transcription factors that confer cellular and tissue identities along the antero-posterior axis of mice and humans. We have identified a founder homozygous missense mutation in HOXB1 in two families from a conservative German American population. The resulting phenotype includes bilateral facial palsy, hearing loss, and strabismus and correlates extensively with the previously reported Hoxb1(-/-) mouse phenotype. The missense variant is predicted to result in the substitution of a cysteine for an arginine at amino acid residue 207 (Arg207Cys), which corresponds to the highly conserved Arg5 of the homeodomain. Arg5 interacts with thymine in the minor groove of DNA through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction. Molecular modeling and an in vitro DNA-protein binding assay predict that the mutation would disrupt these interactions, destabilize the HOXB1:PBX1:DNA complex, and alter HOXB1 transcriptional activity. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Gene, SNP

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HOXB1 founder mutation in humans recapitulates the phenotype of Hoxb1-/- mice. Members of the highly conserved homeobox (HOX) gene family encode transcription factors that confer cellular and tissue identities along the antero-posterior axis of mice and humans. We have identified a founder homozygous missense mutation in HOXB1 in two families from a conservative German American population. The resulting phenotype includes bilateral facial palsy, hearing loss, and strabismus and correlates extensively with the previously reported Hoxb1(-/-) mouse phenotype. The missense variant is predicted to result in the substitution of a cysteine for an arginine at amino acid residue 207 (Arg207Cys), which corresponds to the highly conserved Arg5 of the homeodomain. Arg5 interacts with thymine in the minor groove of DNA through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction. Molecular modeling and an in vitro DNA-protein binding assay predict that the mutation would disrupt these interactions, destabilize the HOXB1:PBX1:DNA complex, and alter HOXB1 transcriptional activity.

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[ "SNP", "Gene" ]

HOXB1 is a Gene, HOXB1 is a Gene, Arg207Cys is a SNP, HOXB1 is a Gene

52_task1

Sentence: HOXB1 founder mutation in humans recapitulates the phenotype of Hoxb1-/- mice. Members of the highly conserved homeobox (HOX) gene family encode transcription factors that confer cellular and tissue identities along the antero-posterior axis of mice and humans. We have identified a founder homozygous missense mutation in HOXB1 in two families from a conservative German American population. The resulting phenotype includes bilateral facial palsy, hearing loss, and strabismus and correlates extensively with the previously reported Hoxb1(-/-) mouse phenotype. The missense variant is predicted to result in the substitution of a cysteine for an arginine at amino acid residue 207 (Arg207Cys), which corresponds to the highly conserved Arg5 of the homeodomain. Arg5 interacts with thymine in the minor groove of DNA through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction. Molecular modeling and an in vitro DNA-protein binding assay predict that the mutation would disrupt these interactions, destabilize the HOXB1:PBX1:DNA complex, and alter HOXB1 transcriptional activity. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: HOXB1, HOXB1, Arg207Cys, HOXB1 Options: Gene, SNP

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HOXB1 founder mutation in humans recapitulates the phenotype of Hoxb1-/- mice. Members of the highly conserved homeobox (HOX) gene family encode transcription factors that confer cellular and tissue identities along the antero-posterior axis of mice and humans. We have identified a founder homozygous missense mutation in HOXB1 in two families from a conservative German American population. The resulting phenotype includes bilateral facial palsy, hearing loss, and strabismus and correlates extensively with the previously reported Hoxb1(-/-) mouse phenotype. The missense variant is predicted to result in the substitution of a cysteine for an arginine at amino acid residue 207 (Arg207Cys), which corresponds to the highly conserved Arg5 of the homeodomain. Arg5 interacts with thymine in the minor groove of DNA through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction. Molecular modeling and an in vitro DNA-protein binding assay predict that the mutation would disrupt these interactions, destabilize the HOXB1:PBX1:DNA complex, and alter HOXB1 transcriptional activity.

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[ "SNP", "Gene" ]

HOXB1, HOXB1, Arg207Cys, HOXB1

52_task2

Sentence: HOXB1 founder mutation in humans recapitulates the phenotype of Hoxb1-/- mice. Members of the highly conserved homeobox (HOX) gene family encode transcription factors that confer cellular and tissue identities along the antero-posterior axis of mice and humans. We have identified a founder homozygous missense mutation in HOXB1 in two families from a conservative German American population. The resulting phenotype includes bilateral facial palsy, hearing loss, and strabismus and correlates extensively with the previously reported Hoxb1(-/-) mouse phenotype. The missense variant is predicted to result in the substitution of a cysteine for an arginine at amino acid residue 207 (Arg207Cys), which corresponds to the highly conserved Arg5 of the homeodomain. Arg5 interacts with thymine in the minor groove of DNA through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction. Molecular modeling and an in vitro DNA-protein binding assay predict that the mutation would disrupt these interactions, destabilize the HOXB1:PBX1:DNA complex, and alter HOXB1 transcriptional activity. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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HOXB1 founder mutation in humans recapitulates the phenotype of Hoxb1-/- mice. Members of the highly conserved homeobox (HOX) gene family encode transcription factors that confer cellular and tissue identities along the antero-posterior axis of mice and humans. We have identified a founder homozygous missense mutation in HOXB1 in two families from a conservative German American population. The resulting phenotype includes bilateral facial palsy, hearing loss, and strabismus and correlates extensively with the previously reported Hoxb1(-/-) mouse phenotype. The missense variant is predicted to result in the substitution of a cysteine for an arginine at amino acid residue 207 (Arg207Cys), which corresponds to the highly conserved Arg5 of the homeodomain. Arg5 interacts with thymine in the minor groove of DNA through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction. Molecular modeling and an in vitro DNA-protein binding assay predict that the mutation would disrupt these interactions, destabilize the HOXB1:PBX1:DNA complex, and alter HOXB1 transcriptional activity.

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[ "SNP", "Gene" ]

walnut consumption is a Intervention_Pharmacological, endothelial function is a Outcome_Physical, type 2 diabetic is a Participant_Condition, cardiovascular biomarkers is a Outcome_Physical, anthropometric measures is a Outcome_Physical, Twenty - four is a Participant_Sample-size, type 2 diabetes is a Participant_Condition, mean age 58 years is a Participant_Age, 14 women and 10 men is a Participant_Sex, ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts / day is a Intervention_Pharmacological, ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks is a Intervention_Control, endothelial function testing is a Intervention_Physical, change in FMD is a Outcome_Physical, changes in plasma lipids , A1C is a Outcome_Physical, fasting glucose is a Outcome_Physical, insulin sensitivity is a Outcome_Physical, Endothelial function is a Outcome_Physical, fasting serum glucose is a Outcome_Physical, serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol is a Outcome_Physical, plasma A1C is a Outcome_Physical, cardiac risk is a Outcome_Physical

42469_task0

Sentence: Effects of walnut consumption on endothelial function in type 2 diabetic subjects : a randomized controlled crossover trial . OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of daily walnut consumption on endothelial function , cardiovascular biomarkers , and anthropometric measures in type 2 diabetic individuals . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was a randomized , controlled , single-blind , crossover trial . Twenty-four participants with type 2 diabetes ( mean age 58 years ; 14 women and 10 men ) were randomly assigned to one of the two possible sequence permutations to receive an ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts/day and an ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks . Subjects underwent endothelial function testing ( measured as flow-mediated dilatation [ FMD ] ) and assessment of cardiovascular biomarkers before and after each 8-week treatment phase . The primary outcome measure was the change in FMD after 8 weeks . Secondary outcome measures included changes in plasma lipids , A1C , fasting glucose , insulin sensitivity , and anthropometric measures . RESULTS Endothelial function significantly improved after consumption of a walnut-enriched ad libitum diet compared with that after consumption of an ad libitum diet without walnuts ( 2.2 +/- 1.7 vs. 1.2 +/- 1.6 % ; P = 0.04 ) . The walnut-enriched diet increased fasting serum glucose and lowered serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol from baseline ( 10.0 +/- 20.5 mg/dl , P = 0.04 ; -9.7 +/- 14.5 mg/dl , P < 0.01 ; and -7.7 +/- 10 mg/dl , P < 0.01 , respectively ) , although these changes were not significant compared with those for an ad libitum diet without walnuts . There were no significant changes in anthropometric measures , plasma A1C , and insulin sensitivity . CONCLUSIONS A walnut-enriched ad libitum diet improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in type 2 diabetic individuals , suggesting a potential reduction in overall cardiac risk . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Participant_Sex, Intervention_Control, Participant_Age, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size

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Effects of walnut consumption on endothelial function in type 2 diabetic subjects : a randomized controlled crossover trial . OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of daily walnut consumption on endothelial function , cardiovascular biomarkers , and anthropometric measures in type 2 diabetic individuals . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was a randomized , controlled , single-blind , crossover trial . Twenty-four participants with type 2 diabetes ( mean age 58 years ; 14 women and 10 men ) were randomly assigned to one of the two possible sequence permutations to receive an ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts/day and an ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks . Subjects underwent endothelial function testing ( measured as flow-mediated dilatation [ FMD ] ) and assessment of cardiovascular biomarkers before and after each 8-week treatment phase . The primary outcome measure was the change in FMD after 8 weeks . Secondary outcome measures included changes in plasma lipids , A1C , fasting glucose , insulin sensitivity , and anthropometric measures . RESULTS Endothelial function significantly improved after consumption of a walnut-enriched ad libitum diet compared with that after consumption of an ad libitum diet without walnuts ( 2.2 +/- 1.7 vs. 1.2 +/- 1.6 % ; P = 0.04 ) . The walnut-enriched diet increased fasting serum glucose and lowered serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol from baseline ( 10.0 +/- 20.5 mg/dl , P = 0.04 ; -9.7 +/- 14.5 mg/dl , P < 0.01 ; and -7.7 +/- 10 mg/dl , P < 0.01 , respectively ) , although these changes were not significant compared with those for an ad libitum diet without walnuts . There were no significant changes in anthropometric measures , plasma A1C , and insulin sensitivity . CONCLUSIONS A walnut-enriched ad libitum diet improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in type 2 diabetic individuals , suggesting a potential reduction in overall cardiac risk .

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[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Intervention_Control", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Physical", "Participant_Sex", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

walnut consumption is a Intervention_Pharmacological, endothelial function is a Outcome_Physical, type 2 diabetic is a Participant_Condition, cardiovascular biomarkers is a Outcome_Physical, anthropometric measures is a Outcome_Physical, Twenty - four is a Participant_Sample-size, type 2 diabetes is a Participant_Condition, mean age 58 years is a Participant_Age, 14 women and 10 men is a Participant_Sex, ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts / day is a Intervention_Pharmacological, ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks is a Intervention_Control, endothelial function testing is a Intervention_Physical, change in FMD is a Outcome_Physical, changes in plasma lipids , A1C is a Outcome_Physical, fasting glucose is a Outcome_Physical, insulin sensitivity is a Outcome_Physical, Endothelial function is a Outcome_Physical, fasting serum glucose is a Outcome_Physical, serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol is a Outcome_Physical, plasma A1C is a Outcome_Physical, cardiac risk is a Outcome_Physical

42469_task1

Sentence: Effects of walnut consumption on endothelial function in type 2 diabetic subjects : a randomized controlled crossover trial . OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of daily walnut consumption on endothelial function , cardiovascular biomarkers , and anthropometric measures in type 2 diabetic individuals . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was a randomized , controlled , single-blind , crossover trial . Twenty-four participants with type 2 diabetes ( mean age 58 years ; 14 women and 10 men ) were randomly assigned to one of the two possible sequence permutations to receive an ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts/day and an ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks . Subjects underwent endothelial function testing ( measured as flow-mediated dilatation [ FMD ] ) and assessment of cardiovascular biomarkers before and after each 8-week treatment phase . The primary outcome measure was the change in FMD after 8 weeks . Secondary outcome measures included changes in plasma lipids , A1C , fasting glucose , insulin sensitivity , and anthropometric measures . RESULTS Endothelial function significantly improved after consumption of a walnut-enriched ad libitum diet compared with that after consumption of an ad libitum diet without walnuts ( 2.2 +/- 1.7 vs. 1.2 +/- 1.6 % ; P = 0.04 ) . The walnut-enriched diet increased fasting serum glucose and lowered serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol from baseline ( 10.0 +/- 20.5 mg/dl , P = 0.04 ; -9.7 +/- 14.5 mg/dl , P < 0.01 ; and -7.7 +/- 10 mg/dl , P < 0.01 , respectively ) , although these changes were not significant compared with those for an ad libitum diet without walnuts . There were no significant changes in anthropometric measures , plasma A1C , and insulin sensitivity . CONCLUSIONS A walnut-enriched ad libitum diet improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in type 2 diabetic individuals , suggesting a potential reduction in overall cardiac risk . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: walnut consumption, endothelial function, type 2 diabetic, cardiovascular biomarkers, anthropometric measures, Twenty - four, type 2 diabetes, mean age 58 years, 14 women and 10 men, ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts / day, ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks, endothelial function testing, change in FMD, changes in plasma lipids , A1C, fasting glucose, insulin sensitivity, Endothelial function, fasting serum glucose, serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, plasma A1C, cardiac risk Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Participant_Sex, Intervention_Control, Participant_Age, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size

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Effects of walnut consumption on endothelial function in type 2 diabetic subjects : a randomized controlled crossover trial . OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of daily walnut consumption on endothelial function , cardiovascular biomarkers , and anthropometric measures in type 2 diabetic individuals . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was a randomized , controlled , single-blind , crossover trial . Twenty-four participants with type 2 diabetes ( mean age 58 years ; 14 women and 10 men ) were randomly assigned to one of the two possible sequence permutations to receive an ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts/day and an ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks . Subjects underwent endothelial function testing ( measured as flow-mediated dilatation [ FMD ] ) and assessment of cardiovascular biomarkers before and after each 8-week treatment phase . The primary outcome measure was the change in FMD after 8 weeks . Secondary outcome measures included changes in plasma lipids , A1C , fasting glucose , insulin sensitivity , and anthropometric measures . RESULTS Endothelial function significantly improved after consumption of a walnut-enriched ad libitum diet compared with that after consumption of an ad libitum diet without walnuts ( 2.2 +/- 1.7 vs. 1.2 +/- 1.6 % ; P = 0.04 ) . The walnut-enriched diet increased fasting serum glucose and lowered serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol from baseline ( 10.0 +/- 20.5 mg/dl , P = 0.04 ; -9.7 +/- 14.5 mg/dl , P < 0.01 ; and -7.7 +/- 10 mg/dl , P < 0.01 , respectively ) , although these changes were not significant compared with those for an ad libitum diet without walnuts . There were no significant changes in anthropometric measures , plasma A1C , and insulin sensitivity . CONCLUSIONS A walnut-enriched ad libitum diet improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in type 2 diabetic individuals , suggesting a potential reduction in overall cardiac risk .

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[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Intervention_Control", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Physical", "Participant_Sex", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

walnut consumption, endothelial function, type 2 diabetic, cardiovascular biomarkers, anthropometric measures, Twenty - four, type 2 diabetes, mean age 58 years, 14 women and 10 men, ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts / day, ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks, endothelial function testing, change in FMD, changes in plasma lipids , A1C, fasting glucose, insulin sensitivity, Endothelial function, fasting serum glucose, serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, plasma A1C, cardiac risk

42469_task2

Sentence: Effects of walnut consumption on endothelial function in type 2 diabetic subjects : a randomized controlled crossover trial . OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of daily walnut consumption on endothelial function , cardiovascular biomarkers , and anthropometric measures in type 2 diabetic individuals . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was a randomized , controlled , single-blind , crossover trial . Twenty-four participants with type 2 diabetes ( mean age 58 years ; 14 women and 10 men ) were randomly assigned to one of the two possible sequence permutations to receive an ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts/day and an ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks . Subjects underwent endothelial function testing ( measured as flow-mediated dilatation [ FMD ] ) and assessment of cardiovascular biomarkers before and after each 8-week treatment phase . The primary outcome measure was the change in FMD after 8 weeks . Secondary outcome measures included changes in plasma lipids , A1C , fasting glucose , insulin sensitivity , and anthropometric measures . RESULTS Endothelial function significantly improved after consumption of a walnut-enriched ad libitum diet compared with that after consumption of an ad libitum diet without walnuts ( 2.2 +/- 1.7 vs. 1.2 +/- 1.6 % ; P = 0.04 ) . The walnut-enriched diet increased fasting serum glucose and lowered serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol from baseline ( 10.0 +/- 20.5 mg/dl , P = 0.04 ; -9.7 +/- 14.5 mg/dl , P < 0.01 ; and -7.7 +/- 10 mg/dl , P < 0.01 , respectively ) , although these changes were not significant compared with those for an ad libitum diet without walnuts . There were no significant changes in anthropometric measures , plasma A1C , and insulin sensitivity . CONCLUSIONS A walnut-enriched ad libitum diet improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in type 2 diabetic individuals , suggesting a potential reduction in overall cardiac risk . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Effects of walnut consumption on endothelial function in type 2 diabetic subjects : a randomized controlled crossover trial . OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of daily walnut consumption on endothelial function , cardiovascular biomarkers , and anthropometric measures in type 2 diabetic individuals . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was a randomized , controlled , single-blind , crossover trial . Twenty-four participants with type 2 diabetes ( mean age 58 years ; 14 women and 10 men ) were randomly assigned to one of the two possible sequence permutations to receive an ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts/day and an ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks . Subjects underwent endothelial function testing ( measured as flow-mediated dilatation [ FMD ] ) and assessment of cardiovascular biomarkers before and after each 8-week treatment phase . The primary outcome measure was the change in FMD after 8 weeks . Secondary outcome measures included changes in plasma lipids , A1C , fasting glucose , insulin sensitivity , and anthropometric measures . RESULTS Endothelial function significantly improved after consumption of a walnut-enriched ad libitum diet compared with that after consumption of an ad libitum diet without walnuts ( 2.2 +/- 1.7 vs. 1.2 +/- 1.6 % ; P = 0.04 ) . The walnut-enriched diet increased fasting serum glucose and lowered serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol from baseline ( 10.0 +/- 20.5 mg/dl , P = 0.04 ; -9.7 +/- 14.5 mg/dl , P < 0.01 ; and -7.7 +/- 10 mg/dl , P < 0.01 , respectively ) , although these changes were not significant compared with those for an ad libitum diet without walnuts . There were no significant changes in anthropometric measures , plasma A1C , and insulin sensitivity . CONCLUSIONS A walnut-enriched ad libitum diet improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in type 2 diabetic individuals , suggesting a potential reduction in overall cardiac risk .

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[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Intervention_Control", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Physical", "Participant_Sex", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

acid sphingomyelinase is a Protein, acid sphingomyelinase is a Protein

591_task0

Sentence: Expression of recombinant human acid sphingomyelinase in insect Sf21 cells: purification, processing and enzymatic characterization. Biochemical and structural studies on human acid sphingomyelinase (haSMase) depend on the access to homogeneous biologically active enzyme. Due to the low abundance of native haSMase (n-haSMase) in human tissue, conventional purification strategies are not suitable for the isolation of preparative amounts of the enzyme. We describe a novel approach to the functional expression and purification of haSMase employing the baculovirus expression vector system. Infection of Spodoptera frugiperda 21 cells with recombinant baculovirus encoding haSMase leads to the expression of a glycosylated 75 kDa precursor protein, which is subsequently processed to an enzymatically active secreted 72 kDa haSMase. Variations in N-glycosylation and proteolytic maturation account for the difference in molecular mass between mature recombinant (72 kDa) and human placental haSMase (75 kDa). N-terminal amino acid sequencing of recombinant haSMase (r-haSMase) reveals a 23-residue N-terminal extension compared to the placental enzyme. The apparent K(m) and Vmax values for sphingomyelin degradation by r-haSMase in a micellar assay system are 32 microM and 0.56 mmol h-1 mg-1, respectively. In conclusion, the established baculovirus expression vector system provides an efficient tool for the expression and functional characterization of haSMase. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Protein

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Expression of recombinant human acid sphingomyelinase in insect Sf21 cells: purification, processing and enzymatic characterization. Biochemical and structural studies on human acid sphingomyelinase (haSMase) depend on the access to homogeneous biologically active enzyme. Due to the low abundance of native haSMase (n-haSMase) in human tissue, conventional purification strategies are not suitable for the isolation of preparative amounts of the enzyme. We describe a novel approach to the functional expression and purification of haSMase employing the baculovirus expression vector system. Infection of Spodoptera frugiperda 21 cells with recombinant baculovirus encoding haSMase leads to the expression of a glycosylated 75 kDa precursor protein, which is subsequently processed to an enzymatically active secreted 72 kDa haSMase. Variations in N-glycosylation and proteolytic maturation account for the difference in molecular mass between mature recombinant (72 kDa) and human placental haSMase (75 kDa). N-terminal amino acid sequencing of recombinant haSMase (r-haSMase) reveals a 23-residue N-terminal extension compared to the placental enzyme. The apparent K(m) and Vmax values for sphingomyelin degradation by r-haSMase in a micellar assay system are 32 microM and 0.56 mmol h-1 mg-1, respectively. In conclusion, the established baculovirus expression vector system provides an efficient tool for the expression and functional characterization of haSMase.

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[ "Protein" ]

acid sphingomyelinase is a Protein, acid sphingomyelinase is a Protein

591_task1

Sentence: Expression of recombinant human acid sphingomyelinase in insect Sf21 cells: purification, processing and enzymatic characterization. Biochemical and structural studies on human acid sphingomyelinase (haSMase) depend on the access to homogeneous biologically active enzyme. Due to the low abundance of native haSMase (n-haSMase) in human tissue, conventional purification strategies are not suitable for the isolation of preparative amounts of the enzyme. We describe a novel approach to the functional expression and purification of haSMase employing the baculovirus expression vector system. Infection of Spodoptera frugiperda 21 cells with recombinant baculovirus encoding haSMase leads to the expression of a glycosylated 75 kDa precursor protein, which is subsequently processed to an enzymatically active secreted 72 kDa haSMase. Variations in N-glycosylation and proteolytic maturation account for the difference in molecular mass between mature recombinant (72 kDa) and human placental haSMase (75 kDa). N-terminal amino acid sequencing of recombinant haSMase (r-haSMase) reveals a 23-residue N-terminal extension compared to the placental enzyme. The apparent K(m) and Vmax values for sphingomyelin degradation by r-haSMase in a micellar assay system are 32 microM and 0.56 mmol h-1 mg-1, respectively. In conclusion, the established baculovirus expression vector system provides an efficient tool for the expression and functional characterization of haSMase. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: acid sphingomyelinase, acid sphingomyelinase Options: Protein

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Expression of recombinant human acid sphingomyelinase in insect Sf21 cells: purification, processing and enzymatic characterization. Biochemical and structural studies on human acid sphingomyelinase (haSMase) depend on the access to homogeneous biologically active enzyme. Due to the low abundance of native haSMase (n-haSMase) in human tissue, conventional purification strategies are not suitable for the isolation of preparative amounts of the enzyme. We describe a novel approach to the functional expression and purification of haSMase employing the baculovirus expression vector system. Infection of Spodoptera frugiperda 21 cells with recombinant baculovirus encoding haSMase leads to the expression of a glycosylated 75 kDa precursor protein, which is subsequently processed to an enzymatically active secreted 72 kDa haSMase. Variations in N-glycosylation and proteolytic maturation account for the difference in molecular mass between mature recombinant (72 kDa) and human placental haSMase (75 kDa). N-terminal amino acid sequencing of recombinant haSMase (r-haSMase) reveals a 23-residue N-terminal extension compared to the placental enzyme. The apparent K(m) and Vmax values for sphingomyelin degradation by r-haSMase in a micellar assay system are 32 microM and 0.56 mmol h-1 mg-1, respectively. In conclusion, the established baculovirus expression vector system provides an efficient tool for the expression and functional characterization of haSMase.

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[ "Protein" ]

acid sphingomyelinase, acid sphingomyelinase

591_task2

Sentence: Expression of recombinant human acid sphingomyelinase in insect Sf21 cells: purification, processing and enzymatic characterization. Biochemical and structural studies on human acid sphingomyelinase (haSMase) depend on the access to homogeneous biologically active enzyme. Due to the low abundance of native haSMase (n-haSMase) in human tissue, conventional purification strategies are not suitable for the isolation of preparative amounts of the enzyme. We describe a novel approach to the functional expression and purification of haSMase employing the baculovirus expression vector system. Infection of Spodoptera frugiperda 21 cells with recombinant baculovirus encoding haSMase leads to the expression of a glycosylated 75 kDa precursor protein, which is subsequently processed to an enzymatically active secreted 72 kDa haSMase. Variations in N-glycosylation and proteolytic maturation account for the difference in molecular mass between mature recombinant (72 kDa) and human placental haSMase (75 kDa). N-terminal amino acid sequencing of recombinant haSMase (r-haSMase) reveals a 23-residue N-terminal extension compared to the placental enzyme. The apparent K(m) and Vmax values for sphingomyelin degradation by r-haSMase in a micellar assay system are 32 microM and 0.56 mmol h-1 mg-1, respectively. In conclusion, the established baculovirus expression vector system provides an efficient tool for the expression and functional characterization of haSMase. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Expression of recombinant human acid sphingomyelinase in insect Sf21 cells: purification, processing and enzymatic characterization. Biochemical and structural studies on human acid sphingomyelinase (haSMase) depend on the access to homogeneous biologically active enzyme. Due to the low abundance of native haSMase (n-haSMase) in human tissue, conventional purification strategies are not suitable for the isolation of preparative amounts of the enzyme. We describe a novel approach to the functional expression and purification of haSMase employing the baculovirus expression vector system. Infection of Spodoptera frugiperda 21 cells with recombinant baculovirus encoding haSMase leads to the expression of a glycosylated 75 kDa precursor protein, which is subsequently processed to an enzymatically active secreted 72 kDa haSMase. Variations in N-glycosylation and proteolytic maturation account for the difference in molecular mass between mature recombinant (72 kDa) and human placental haSMase (75 kDa). N-terminal amino acid sequencing of recombinant haSMase (r-haSMase) reveals a 23-residue N-terminal extension compared to the placental enzyme. The apparent K(m) and Vmax values for sphingomyelin degradation by r-haSMase in a micellar assay system are 32 microM and 0.56 mmol h-1 mg-1, respectively. In conclusion, the established baculovirus expression vector system provides an efficient tool for the expression and functional characterization of haSMase.

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[ "Protein" ]

Schilddruesentumor is an umlsterm, Schilddruesenkarzinom is an umlsterm, Anaemieabklaerung is an umlsterm, Leiomyosarkom is an umlsterm, Duodenopankreatektomie is an umlsterm, Beurteilung is an umlsterm, Primaerhistologie is an umlsterm, Diagnose is an umlsterm, Schilddruesentumors is an umlsterm, Leiomyosarkom is an umlsterm, Autopsiebefunde is an umlsterm, Tumorleidens is an umlsterm, Schilddruesenmetastase is an umlsterm, Sarkom is an umlsterm

DerPathologe.40150303.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Bei einer 69 jaehrigen Patientin wurde ein 5 cm grosser , maessig pleomorpher spindelzelliger Schilddruesentumor zunaechst als primaeres anaplastisches Schilddruesenkarzinom verkannt . Erst im Rahmen einer 17 Monate spaeter durchgefuehrten Anaemieabklaerung wurde ein 7 cm durchmessendes duodenales Leiomyosarkom entdeckt und mittels Duodenopankreatektomie reseziert . Die erneute Beurteilung der Primaerhistologie fuehrte zur Revision der initialen Diagnose und zur Einstufung des Schilddruesentumors als metastatisches Leiomyosarkom . Die Patientin verstarb weitere 6 Monate spaeter an einem apoplektischen Insult . Die Autopsiebefunde bestaetigten die Einschaetzung des Tumorleidens als ein initial durch die Schilddruesenmetastase manifest gewordenes intestinales Sarkom . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Bei einer 69 jaehrigen Patientin wurde ein 5 cm grosser , maessig pleomorpher spindelzelliger Schilddruesentumor zunaechst als primaeres anaplastisches Schilddruesenkarzinom verkannt . Erst im Rahmen einer 17 Monate spaeter durchgefuehrten Anaemieabklaerung wurde ein 7 cm durchmessendes duodenales Leiomyosarkom entdeckt und mittels Duodenopankreatektomie reseziert . Die erneute Beurteilung der Primaerhistologie fuehrte zur Revision der initialen Diagnose und zur Einstufung des Schilddruesentumors als metastatisches Leiomyosarkom . Die Patientin verstarb weitere 6 Monate spaeter an einem apoplektischen Insult . Die Autopsiebefunde bestaetigten die Einschaetzung des Tumorleidens als ein initial durch die Schilddruesenmetastase manifest gewordenes intestinales Sarkom .

[ "Bei", "einer", "69", "jaehrigen", "Patientin", "wurde", "ein", "5", "cm", "grosser", ",", "maessig", "pleomorpher", "spindelzelliger", "Schilddruesentumor", "zunaechst", "als", "primaeres", "anaplastisches", "Schilddruesenkarzinom", "verkannt", ".", "Erst", "im", "Rahmen", "einer", "17", "Monate", "spaeter", "durchgefuehrten", "Anaemieabklaerung", "wurde", "ein", "7", "cm", "durchmessendes", "duodenales", "Leiomyosarkom", "entdeckt", "und", "mittels", "Duodenopankreatektomie", "reseziert", ".", "Die", "erneute", "Beurteilung", "der", "Primaerhistologie", "fuehrte", "zur", "Revision", "der", "initialen", "Diagnose", "und", "zur", "Einstufung", "des", "Schilddruesentumors", "als", "metastatisches", "Leiomyosarkom", ".", "Die", "Patientin", "verstarb", "weitere", "6", "Monate", "spaeter", "an", "einem", "apoplektischen", "Insult", ".", "Die", "Autopsiebefunde", "bestaetigten", "die", "Einschaetzung", "des", "Tumorleidens", "als", "ein", "initial", "durch", "die", "Schilddruesenmetastase", "manifest", "gewordenes", "intestinales", "Sarkom", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Schilddruesentumor is an umlsterm, Schilddruesenkarzinom is an umlsterm, Anaemieabklaerung is an umlsterm, Leiomyosarkom is an umlsterm, Duodenopankreatektomie is an umlsterm, Beurteilung is an umlsterm, Primaerhistologie is an umlsterm, Diagnose is an umlsterm, Schilddruesentumors is an umlsterm, Leiomyosarkom is an umlsterm, Autopsiebefunde is an umlsterm, Tumorleidens is an umlsterm, Schilddruesenmetastase is an umlsterm, Sarkom is an umlsterm

DerPathologe.40150303.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Bei einer 69 jaehrigen Patientin wurde ein 5 cm grosser , maessig pleomorpher spindelzelliger Schilddruesentumor zunaechst als primaeres anaplastisches Schilddruesenkarzinom verkannt . Erst im Rahmen einer 17 Monate spaeter durchgefuehrten Anaemieabklaerung wurde ein 7 cm durchmessendes duodenales Leiomyosarkom entdeckt und mittels Duodenopankreatektomie reseziert . Die erneute Beurteilung der Primaerhistologie fuehrte zur Revision der initialen Diagnose und zur Einstufung des Schilddruesentumors als metastatisches Leiomyosarkom . Die Patientin verstarb weitere 6 Monate spaeter an einem apoplektischen Insult . Die Autopsiebefunde bestaetigten die Einschaetzung des Tumorleidens als ein initial durch die Schilddruesenmetastase manifest gewordenes intestinales Sarkom . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Schilddruesentumor, Schilddruesenkarzinom, Anaemieabklaerung, Leiomyosarkom, Duodenopankreatektomie, Beurteilung, Primaerhistologie, Diagnose, Schilddruesentumors, Leiomyosarkom, Autopsiebefunde, Tumorleidens, Schilddruesenmetastase, Sarkom Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Bei einer 69 jaehrigen Patientin wurde ein 5 cm grosser , maessig pleomorpher spindelzelliger Schilddruesentumor zunaechst als primaeres anaplastisches Schilddruesenkarzinom verkannt . Erst im Rahmen einer 17 Monate spaeter durchgefuehrten Anaemieabklaerung wurde ein 7 cm durchmessendes duodenales Leiomyosarkom entdeckt und mittels Duodenopankreatektomie reseziert . Die erneute Beurteilung der Primaerhistologie fuehrte zur Revision der initialen Diagnose und zur Einstufung des Schilddruesentumors als metastatisches Leiomyosarkom . Die Patientin verstarb weitere 6 Monate spaeter an einem apoplektischen Insult . Die Autopsiebefunde bestaetigten die Einschaetzung des Tumorleidens als ein initial durch die Schilddruesenmetastase manifest gewordenes intestinales Sarkom .

[ "Bei", "einer", "69", "jaehrigen", "Patientin", "wurde", "ein", "5", "cm", "grosser", ",", "maessig", "pleomorpher", "spindelzelliger", "Schilddruesentumor", "zunaechst", "als", "primaeres", "anaplastisches", "Schilddruesenkarzinom", "verkannt", ".", "Erst", "im", "Rahmen", "einer", "17", "Monate", "spaeter", "durchgefuehrten", "Anaemieabklaerung", "wurde", "ein", "7", "cm", "durchmessendes", "duodenales", "Leiomyosarkom", "entdeckt", "und", "mittels", "Duodenopankreatektomie", "reseziert", ".", "Die", "erneute", "Beurteilung", "der", "Primaerhistologie", "fuehrte", "zur", "Revision", "der", "initialen", "Diagnose", "und", "zur", "Einstufung", "des", "Schilddruesentumors", "als", "metastatisches", "Leiomyosarkom", ".", "Die", "Patientin", "verstarb", "weitere", "6", "Monate", "spaeter", "an", "einem", "apoplektischen", "Insult", ".", "Die", "Autopsiebefunde", "bestaetigten", "die", "Einschaetzung", "des", "Tumorleidens", "als", "ein", "initial", "durch", "die", "Schilddruesenmetastase", "manifest", "gewordenes", "intestinales", "Sarkom", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Schilddruesentumor, Schilddruesenkarzinom, Anaemieabklaerung, Leiomyosarkom, Duodenopankreatektomie, Beurteilung, Primaerhistologie, Diagnose, Schilddruesentumors, Leiomyosarkom, Autopsiebefunde, Tumorleidens, Schilddruesenmetastase, Sarkom

DerPathologe.40150303.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Bei einer 69 jaehrigen Patientin wurde ein 5 cm grosser , maessig pleomorpher spindelzelliger Schilddruesentumor zunaechst als primaeres anaplastisches Schilddruesenkarzinom verkannt . Erst im Rahmen einer 17 Monate spaeter durchgefuehrten Anaemieabklaerung wurde ein 7 cm durchmessendes duodenales Leiomyosarkom entdeckt und mittels Duodenopankreatektomie reseziert . Die erneute Beurteilung der Primaerhistologie fuehrte zur Revision der initialen Diagnose und zur Einstufung des Schilddruesentumors als metastatisches Leiomyosarkom . Die Patientin verstarb weitere 6 Monate spaeter an einem apoplektischen Insult . Die Autopsiebefunde bestaetigten die Einschaetzung des Tumorleidens als ein initial durch die Schilddruesenmetastase manifest gewordenes intestinales Sarkom . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Bei einer 69 jaehrigen Patientin wurde ein 5 cm grosser , maessig pleomorpher spindelzelliger Schilddruesentumor zunaechst als primaeres anaplastisches Schilddruesenkarzinom verkannt . Erst im Rahmen einer 17 Monate spaeter durchgefuehrten Anaemieabklaerung wurde ein 7 cm durchmessendes duodenales Leiomyosarkom entdeckt und mittels Duodenopankreatektomie reseziert . Die erneute Beurteilung der Primaerhistologie fuehrte zur Revision der initialen Diagnose und zur Einstufung des Schilddruesentumors als metastatisches Leiomyosarkom . Die Patientin verstarb weitere 6 Monate spaeter an einem apoplektischen Insult . Die Autopsiebefunde bestaetigten die Einschaetzung des Tumorleidens als ein initial durch die Schilddruesenmetastase manifest gewordenes intestinales Sarkom .

[ "Bei", "einer", "69", "jaehrigen", "Patientin", "wurde", "ein", "5", "cm", "grosser", ",", "maessig", "pleomorpher", "spindelzelliger", "Schilddruesentumor", "zunaechst", "als", "primaeres", "anaplastisches", "Schilddruesenkarzinom", "verkannt", ".", "Erst", "im", "Rahmen", "einer", "17", "Monate", "spaeter", "durchgefuehrten", "Anaemieabklaerung", "wurde", "ein", "7", "cm", "durchmessendes", "duodenales", "Leiomyosarkom", "entdeckt", "und", "mittels", "Duodenopankreatektomie", "reseziert", ".", "Die", "erneute", "Beurteilung", "der", "Primaerhistologie", "fuehrte", "zur", "Revision", "der", "initialen", "Diagnose", "und", "zur", "Einstufung", "des", "Schilddruesentumors", "als", "metastatisches", "Leiomyosarkom", ".", "Die", "Patientin", "verstarb", "weitere", "6", "Monate", "spaeter", "an", "einem", "apoplektischen", "Insult", ".", "Die", "Autopsiebefunde", "bestaetigten", "die", "Einschaetzung", "des", "Tumorleidens", "als", "ein", "initial", "durch", "die", "Schilddruesenmetastase", "manifest", "gewordenes", "intestinales", "Sarkom", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

School districts that are too difficult to reach is a Visit, more than a 3-hour is a Value, walk from the farthest place reachable by a four - wheel drive vehicle is a Measurement, School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area is a Visit, residing is a Observation, near to the well sites is a Visit

NCT02754583_exc_task0

Sentence: School districts that are too difficult to reach (more than a 3-hour walk from the farthest place reachable by a four-wheel drive vehicle) School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area Refusal of village chief All residents residing near to the well sites that are randomly selected for this study. Refusal of participant [or parent/guardian] Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Measurement, Observation, Visit, Value

[ "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "O", "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

School districts that are too difficult to reach (more than a 3-hour walk from the farthest place reachable by a four-wheel drive vehicle) School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area Refusal of village chief All residents residing near to the well sites that are randomly selected for this study. Refusal of participant [or parent/guardian]

[ "School", "districts", "that", "are", "too", "difficult", "to", "reach", "(", "more", "than", "a", "3-hour", "walk", "from", "the", "farthest", "place", "reachable", "by", "a", "four", "-", "wheel", "drive", "vehicle", ")", "\n", "School", "districts", "in", "the", "2", "urban", "regions", "of", "the", "study", "area", "\n", "Refusal", "of", "village", "chief", "\n", "All", "residents", "residing", "near", "to", "the", "well", "sites", "that", "are", "randomly", "selected", "for", "this", "study", ".", "\n", "Refusal", "of", "participant", "[", "or", "parent", "/", "guardian", "]", "\n" ]

[ "Measurement", "Visit", "Value", "Observation" ]

School districts that are too difficult to reach is a Visit, more than a 3-hour is a Value, walk from the farthest place reachable by a four - wheel drive vehicle is a Measurement, School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area is a Visit, residing is a Observation, near to the well sites is a Visit

NCT02754583_exc_task1

Sentence: School districts that are too difficult to reach (more than a 3-hour walk from the farthest place reachable by a four-wheel drive vehicle) School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area Refusal of village chief All residents residing near to the well sites that are randomly selected for this study. Refusal of participant [or parent/guardian] Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: School districts that are too difficult to reach, more than a 3-hour, walk from the farthest place reachable by a four - wheel drive vehicle, School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area, residing, near to the well sites Options: Measurement, Observation, Visit, Value

[ "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "O", "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

School districts that are too difficult to reach (more than a 3-hour walk from the farthest place reachable by a four-wheel drive vehicle) School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area Refusal of village chief All residents residing near to the well sites that are randomly selected for this study. Refusal of participant [or parent/guardian]

[ "School", "districts", "that", "are", "too", "difficult", "to", "reach", "(", "more", "than", "a", "3-hour", "walk", "from", "the", "farthest", "place", "reachable", "by", "a", "four", "-", "wheel", "drive", "vehicle", ")", "\n", "School", "districts", "in", "the", "2", "urban", "regions", "of", "the", "study", "area", "\n", "Refusal", "of", "village", "chief", "\n", "All", "residents", "residing", "near", "to", "the", "well", "sites", "that", "are", "randomly", "selected", "for", "this", "study", ".", "\n", "Refusal", "of", "participant", "[", "or", "parent", "/", "guardian", "]", "\n" ]

[ "Measurement", "Visit", "Value", "Observation" ]

School districts that are too difficult to reach, more than a 3-hour, walk from the farthest place reachable by a four - wheel drive vehicle, School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area, residing, near to the well sites

NCT02754583_exc_task2

Sentence: School districts that are too difficult to reach (more than a 3-hour walk from the farthest place reachable by a four-wheel drive vehicle) School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area Refusal of village chief All residents residing near to the well sites that are randomly selected for this study. Refusal of participant [or parent/guardian] Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "O", "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

School districts that are too difficult to reach (more than a 3-hour walk from the farthest place reachable by a four-wheel drive vehicle) School districts in the 2 urban regions of the study area Refusal of village chief All residents residing near to the well sites that are randomly selected for this study. Refusal of participant [or parent/guardian]

[ "School", "districts", "that", "are", "too", "difficult", "to", "reach", "(", "more", "than", "a", "3-hour", "walk", "from", "the", "farthest", "place", "reachable", "by", "a", "four", "-", "wheel", "drive", "vehicle", ")", "\n", "School", "districts", "in", "the", "2", "urban", "regions", "of", "the", "study", "area", "\n", "Refusal", "of", "village", "chief", "\n", "All", "residents", "residing", "near", "to", "the", "well", "sites", "that", "are", "randomly", "selected", "for", "this", "study", ".", "\n", "Refusal", "of", "participant", "[", "or", "parent", "/", "guardian", "]", "\n" ]

[ "Measurement", "Visit", "Value", "Observation" ]

nephritis is a DISEASE, Lupus nephritis is a DISEASE, LN is a DISEASE, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a DISEASE, SLE is a DISEASE, renal failure is a DISEASE, SLE is a DISEASE, SLE is a DISEASE, SLE is a DISEASE, nephritis is a DISEASE

example-144_task0

Sentence: Novel therapies in lupus - focus on nephritis. Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the major complications of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and its treatment remains a challenge. Although the classical and widely used immunosuppressive agents have accounted for a significant improvement in the survival and decreased the progression to end-stage renal failure they lack selectivity for the underlying immune dysregulation. In addition the toxicity related to their use and the relapses after treatment are of major concern not least because of the adverse effect on the prognosis of the patients with SLE who have kidney involvement. The development of more specific pharmacological agents for patients with SLE is still a major research goal. Ideally these agents should provide a better long-term prognosis for SLE patients and be less toxic. In this review we summarise the mechanism of action and the results obtained with a variety of drugs that have recently been utilized in the treatment of patients with lupus especially those with nephritis. We discuss the clinical usefulness of B- -cell depletion principally anti-CD20 antibodies blockage of co-stimulatory pathways (anti-CD40 ligand antibody CTLA4Ig) the induction of immune tolerance (LJP 394 peptide specific vaccination) and therapy targeting cytokines (anti-IL10 antibody BLyS blockage) and the complement system (anti-C5 antibody). Immunoablative doses of Cyclophosphamide (CyC) with or without Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) and the possibilities of gene therapy are also reviewed. The use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and plasmapheresis are not discussed because these treatments have been used in clinical practice for several years. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: DISEASE

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Novel therapies in lupus - focus on nephritis. Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the major complications of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and its treatment remains a challenge. Although the classical and widely used immunosuppressive agents have accounted for a significant improvement in the survival and decreased the progression to end-stage renal failure they lack selectivity for the underlying immune dysregulation. In addition the toxicity related to their use and the relapses after treatment are of major concern not least because of the adverse effect on the prognosis of the patients with SLE who have kidney involvement. The development of more specific pharmacological agents for patients with SLE is still a major research goal. Ideally these agents should provide a better long-term prognosis for SLE patients and be less toxic. In this review we summarise the mechanism of action and the results obtained with a variety of drugs that have recently been utilized in the treatment of patients with lupus especially those with nephritis. We discuss the clinical usefulness of B- -cell depletion principally anti-CD20 antibodies blockage of co-stimulatory pathways (anti-CD40 ligand antibody CTLA4Ig) the induction of immune tolerance (LJP 394 peptide specific vaccination) and therapy targeting cytokines (anti-IL10 antibody BLyS blockage) and the complement system (anti-C5 antibody). Immunoablative doses of Cyclophosphamide (CyC) with or without Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) and the possibilities of gene therapy are also reviewed. The use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and plasmapheresis are not discussed because these treatments have been used in clinical practice for several years.

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[ "DISEASE" ]

nephritis is a DISEASE, Lupus nephritis is a DISEASE, LN is a DISEASE, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a DISEASE, SLE is a DISEASE, renal failure is a DISEASE, SLE is a DISEASE, SLE is a DISEASE, SLE is a DISEASE, nephritis is a DISEASE

example-144_task1

Sentence: Novel therapies in lupus - focus on nephritis. Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the major complications of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and its treatment remains a challenge. Although the classical and widely used immunosuppressive agents have accounted for a significant improvement in the survival and decreased the progression to end-stage renal failure they lack selectivity for the underlying immune dysregulation. In addition the toxicity related to their use and the relapses after treatment are of major concern not least because of the adverse effect on the prognosis of the patients with SLE who have kidney involvement. The development of more specific pharmacological agents for patients with SLE is still a major research goal. Ideally these agents should provide a better long-term prognosis for SLE patients and be less toxic. In this review we summarise the mechanism of action and the results obtained with a variety of drugs that have recently been utilized in the treatment of patients with lupus especially those with nephritis. We discuss the clinical usefulness of B- -cell depletion principally anti-CD20 antibodies blockage of co-stimulatory pathways (anti-CD40 ligand antibody CTLA4Ig) the induction of immune tolerance (LJP 394 peptide specific vaccination) and therapy targeting cytokines (anti-IL10 antibody BLyS blockage) and the complement system (anti-C5 antibody). Immunoablative doses of Cyclophosphamide (CyC) with or without Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) and the possibilities of gene therapy are also reviewed. The use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and plasmapheresis are not discussed because these treatments have been used in clinical practice for several years. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: nephritis, Lupus nephritis, LN, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, SLE, renal failure, SLE, SLE, SLE, nephritis Options: DISEASE

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Novel therapies in lupus - focus on nephritis. Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the major complications of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and its treatment remains a challenge. Although the classical and widely used immunosuppressive agents have accounted for a significant improvement in the survival and decreased the progression to end-stage renal failure they lack selectivity for the underlying immune dysregulation. In addition the toxicity related to their use and the relapses after treatment are of major concern not least because of the adverse effect on the prognosis of the patients with SLE who have kidney involvement. The development of more specific pharmacological agents for patients with SLE is still a major research goal. Ideally these agents should provide a better long-term prognosis for SLE patients and be less toxic. In this review we summarise the mechanism of action and the results obtained with a variety of drugs that have recently been utilized in the treatment of patients with lupus especially those with nephritis. We discuss the clinical usefulness of B- -cell depletion principally anti-CD20 antibodies blockage of co-stimulatory pathways (anti-CD40 ligand antibody CTLA4Ig) the induction of immune tolerance (LJP 394 peptide specific vaccination) and therapy targeting cytokines (anti-IL10 antibody BLyS blockage) and the complement system (anti-C5 antibody). Immunoablative doses of Cyclophosphamide (CyC) with or without Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) and the possibilities of gene therapy are also reviewed. The use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and plasmapheresis are not discussed because these treatments have been used in clinical practice for several years.

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[ "DISEASE" ]

nephritis, Lupus nephritis, LN, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, SLE, renal failure, SLE, SLE, SLE, nephritis

example-144_task2

Sentence: Novel therapies in lupus - focus on nephritis. Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the major complications of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and its treatment remains a challenge. Although the classical and widely used immunosuppressive agents have accounted for a significant improvement in the survival and decreased the progression to end-stage renal failure they lack selectivity for the underlying immune dysregulation. In addition the toxicity related to their use and the relapses after treatment are of major concern not least because of the adverse effect on the prognosis of the patients with SLE who have kidney involvement. The development of more specific pharmacological agents for patients with SLE is still a major research goal. Ideally these agents should provide a better long-term prognosis for SLE patients and be less toxic. In this review we summarise the mechanism of action and the results obtained with a variety of drugs that have recently been utilized in the treatment of patients with lupus especially those with nephritis. We discuss the clinical usefulness of B- -cell depletion principally anti-CD20 antibodies blockage of co-stimulatory pathways (anti-CD40 ligand antibody CTLA4Ig) the induction of immune tolerance (LJP 394 peptide specific vaccination) and therapy targeting cytokines (anti-IL10 antibody BLyS blockage) and the complement system (anti-C5 antibody). Immunoablative doses of Cyclophosphamide (CyC) with or without Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) and the possibilities of gene therapy are also reviewed. The use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and plasmapheresis are not discussed because these treatments have been used in clinical practice for several years. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Novel therapies in lupus - focus on nephritis. Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the major complications of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and its treatment remains a challenge. Although the classical and widely used immunosuppressive agents have accounted for a significant improvement in the survival and decreased the progression to end-stage renal failure they lack selectivity for the underlying immune dysregulation. In addition the toxicity related to their use and the relapses after treatment are of major concern not least because of the adverse effect on the prognosis of the patients with SLE who have kidney involvement. The development of more specific pharmacological agents for patients with SLE is still a major research goal. Ideally these agents should provide a better long-term prognosis for SLE patients and be less toxic. In this review we summarise the mechanism of action and the results obtained with a variety of drugs that have recently been utilized in the treatment of patients with lupus especially those with nephritis. We discuss the clinical usefulness of B- -cell depletion principally anti-CD20 antibodies blockage of co-stimulatory pathways (anti-CD40 ligand antibody CTLA4Ig) the induction of immune tolerance (LJP 394 peptide specific vaccination) and therapy targeting cytokines (anti-IL10 antibody BLyS blockage) and the complement system (anti-C5 antibody). Immunoablative doses of Cyclophosphamide (CyC) with or without Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) and the possibilities of gene therapy are also reviewed. The use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and plasmapheresis are not discussed because these treatments have been used in clinical practice for several years.

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[ "DISEASE" ]

hookworm is a Participant_Condition, Ascaris is a Outcome_Physical, Trichuris infection is a Participant_Condition, oxibendazole is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 340 is a Participant_Sample-size, hookworm infection is a Participant_Condition, 196 is a Participant_Sample-size, ascariasis is a Participant_Condition, 178 is a Participant_Sample-size, trichuriasis is a Participant_Condition, anthelmintic , oxibendazole is a Intervention_Pharmacological, respective infections is a Participant_Condition, pyrantel is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, egg negative conversion rates of hookworm is a Outcome_Physical, egg reduction rates of hookworm is a Outcome_Other, larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus is a Outcome_Physical, egg reduction rate of hookworm is a Outcome_Other

52828_task0

Sentence: [ Clinical observations on the treatment of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris infection with oxibendazole ] . 340 cases of hookworm infection , 196 cases of ascariasis and 178 cases of trichuriasis were treated with an anthelmintic , oxibendazole , 15mg/kg.d x 3d ; 102 , 70 and 66 cases of respective infections were treated with pyrantel 10mg/kg.d x 3d and 108 , 74 and 63 cases took placebo for comparison and as control under double-blind observations . Re-examinations of the stool were performed after the treatment . Among the cases treated with oxibendazole , the egg negative conversion rates of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris were 70.3-80.6 % , 92.5-97.8 and 67.0-71.0 % respectively . The egg reduction rates of hookworm were 98.1-98.6 % . The larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus were 77.7 and 83.2 % respectively . Among the cases treated with pyrantel , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 73.5 , 90.0 and 28.8 % respectively . The egg reduction rate of hookworm was 98.8 % . Among the cases treated with placebo , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 6.5 , 29.7 and 7.9 % . No marked adverse reactions were observed by clinical and laboratory examinations . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other

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[ Clinical observations on the treatment of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris infection with oxibendazole ] . 340 cases of hookworm infection , 196 cases of ascariasis and 178 cases of trichuriasis were treated with an anthelmintic , oxibendazole , 15mg/kg.d x 3d ; 102 , 70 and 66 cases of respective infections were treated with pyrantel 10mg/kg.d x 3d and 108 , 74 and 63 cases took placebo for comparison and as control under double-blind observations . Re-examinations of the stool were performed after the treatment . Among the cases treated with oxibendazole , the egg negative conversion rates of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris were 70.3-80.6 % , 92.5-97.8 and 67.0-71.0 % respectively . The egg reduction rates of hookworm were 98.1-98.6 % . The larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus were 77.7 and 83.2 % respectively . Among the cases treated with pyrantel , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 73.5 , 90.0 and 28.8 % respectively . The egg reduction rate of hookworm was 98.8 % . Among the cases treated with placebo , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 6.5 , 29.7 and 7.9 % . No marked adverse reactions were observed by clinical and laboratory examinations .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

hookworm is a Participant_Condition, Ascaris is a Outcome_Physical, Trichuris infection is a Participant_Condition, oxibendazole is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 340 is a Participant_Sample-size, hookworm infection is a Participant_Condition, 196 is a Participant_Sample-size, ascariasis is a Participant_Condition, 178 is a Participant_Sample-size, trichuriasis is a Participant_Condition, anthelmintic , oxibendazole is a Intervention_Pharmacological, respective infections is a Participant_Condition, pyrantel is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, egg negative conversion rates of hookworm is a Outcome_Physical, egg reduction rates of hookworm is a Outcome_Other, larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus is a Outcome_Physical, egg reduction rate of hookworm is a Outcome_Other

52828_task1

Sentence: [ Clinical observations on the treatment of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris infection with oxibendazole ] . 340 cases of hookworm infection , 196 cases of ascariasis and 178 cases of trichuriasis were treated with an anthelmintic , oxibendazole , 15mg/kg.d x 3d ; 102 , 70 and 66 cases of respective infections were treated with pyrantel 10mg/kg.d x 3d and 108 , 74 and 63 cases took placebo for comparison and as control under double-blind observations . Re-examinations of the stool were performed after the treatment . Among the cases treated with oxibendazole , the egg negative conversion rates of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris were 70.3-80.6 % , 92.5-97.8 and 67.0-71.0 % respectively . The egg reduction rates of hookworm were 98.1-98.6 % . The larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus were 77.7 and 83.2 % respectively . Among the cases treated with pyrantel , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 73.5 , 90.0 and 28.8 % respectively . The egg reduction rate of hookworm was 98.8 % . Among the cases treated with placebo , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 6.5 , 29.7 and 7.9 % . No marked adverse reactions were observed by clinical and laboratory examinations . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: hookworm, Ascaris, Trichuris infection, oxibendazole, 340, hookworm infection, 196, ascariasis, 178, trichuriasis, anthelmintic , oxibendazole, respective infections, pyrantel, placebo, egg negative conversion rates of hookworm, egg reduction rates of hookworm, larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus, egg reduction rate of hookworm Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other

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[ Clinical observations on the treatment of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris infection with oxibendazole ] . 340 cases of hookworm infection , 196 cases of ascariasis and 178 cases of trichuriasis were treated with an anthelmintic , oxibendazole , 15mg/kg.d x 3d ; 102 , 70 and 66 cases of respective infections were treated with pyrantel 10mg/kg.d x 3d and 108 , 74 and 63 cases took placebo for comparison and as control under double-blind observations . Re-examinations of the stool were performed after the treatment . Among the cases treated with oxibendazole , the egg negative conversion rates of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris were 70.3-80.6 % , 92.5-97.8 and 67.0-71.0 % respectively . The egg reduction rates of hookworm were 98.1-98.6 % . The larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus were 77.7 and 83.2 % respectively . Among the cases treated with pyrantel , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 73.5 , 90.0 and 28.8 % respectively . The egg reduction rate of hookworm was 98.8 % . Among the cases treated with placebo , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 6.5 , 29.7 and 7.9 % . No marked adverse reactions were observed by clinical and laboratory examinations .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

hookworm, Ascaris, Trichuris infection, oxibendazole, 340, hookworm infection, 196, ascariasis, 178, trichuriasis, anthelmintic , oxibendazole, respective infections, pyrantel, placebo, egg negative conversion rates of hookworm, egg reduction rates of hookworm, larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus, egg reduction rate of hookworm

52828_task2

Sentence: [ Clinical observations on the treatment of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris infection with oxibendazole ] . 340 cases of hookworm infection , 196 cases of ascariasis and 178 cases of trichuriasis were treated with an anthelmintic , oxibendazole , 15mg/kg.d x 3d ; 102 , 70 and 66 cases of respective infections were treated with pyrantel 10mg/kg.d x 3d and 108 , 74 and 63 cases took placebo for comparison and as control under double-blind observations . Re-examinations of the stool were performed after the treatment . Among the cases treated with oxibendazole , the egg negative conversion rates of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris were 70.3-80.6 % , 92.5-97.8 and 67.0-71.0 % respectively . The egg reduction rates of hookworm were 98.1-98.6 % . The larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus were 77.7 and 83.2 % respectively . Among the cases treated with pyrantel , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 73.5 , 90.0 and 28.8 % respectively . The egg reduction rate of hookworm was 98.8 % . Among the cases treated with placebo , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 6.5 , 29.7 and 7.9 % . No marked adverse reactions were observed by clinical and laboratory examinations . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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[ Clinical observations on the treatment of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris infection with oxibendazole ] . 340 cases of hookworm infection , 196 cases of ascariasis and 178 cases of trichuriasis were treated with an anthelmintic , oxibendazole , 15mg/kg.d x 3d ; 102 , 70 and 66 cases of respective infections were treated with pyrantel 10mg/kg.d x 3d and 108 , 74 and 63 cases took placebo for comparison and as control under double-blind observations . Re-examinations of the stool were performed after the treatment . Among the cases treated with oxibendazole , the egg negative conversion rates of hookworm , Ascaris and Trichuris were 70.3-80.6 % , 92.5-97.8 and 67.0-71.0 % respectively . The egg reduction rates of hookworm were 98.1-98.6 % . The larval negative conversion rates of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus were 77.7 and 83.2 % respectively . Among the cases treated with pyrantel , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 73.5 , 90.0 and 28.8 % respectively . The egg reduction rate of hookworm was 98.8 % . Among the cases treated with placebo , the egg negative conversion rates of the three above mentioned parasites were 6.5 , 29.7 and 7.9 % . No marked adverse reactions were observed by clinical and laboratory examinations .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

population is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, cancer is an umlsterm, pain is an umlsterm, chronic headache is an umlsterm, back pain is an umlsterm, organization is an umlsterm, outpatient is an umlsterm, pain management is an umlsterm

DerSchmerz.70110101.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: In Middle Franconia , one of the larger Bavarian administrative division ( population 1994 : 1,657 , 101 ) , the number of patients suffering from cancer pain , chronic headache and chronic back pain is not known . Furthermore , there are no data on interdisciplinary organization of outpatient pain management . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]

In Middle Franconia , one of the larger Bavarian administrative division ( population 1994 : 1,657 , 101 ) , the number of patients suffering from cancer pain , chronic headache and chronic back pain is not known . Furthermore , there are no data on interdisciplinary organization of outpatient pain management .

[ "In", "Middle", "Franconia", ",", "one", "of", "the", "larger", "Bavarian", "administrative", "division", "(", "population", "1994", ":", "1,657", ",", "101", ")", ",", "the", "number", "of", "patients", "suffering", "from", "cancer", "pain", ",", "chronic", "headache", "and", "chronic", "back", "pain", "is", "not", "known", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "there", "are", "no", "data", "on", "interdisciplinary", "organization", "of", "outpatient", "pain", "management", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

population is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, cancer is an umlsterm, pain is an umlsterm, chronic headache is an umlsterm, back pain is an umlsterm, organization is an umlsterm, outpatient is an umlsterm, pain management is an umlsterm

DerSchmerz.70110101.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: In Middle Franconia , one of the larger Bavarian administrative division ( population 1994 : 1,657 , 101 ) , the number of patients suffering from cancer pain , chronic headache and chronic back pain is not known . Furthermore , there are no data on interdisciplinary organization of outpatient pain management . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: population, patients, cancer, pain, chronic headache, back pain, organization, outpatient, pain management Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]

In Middle Franconia , one of the larger Bavarian administrative division ( population 1994 : 1,657 , 101 ) , the number of patients suffering from cancer pain , chronic headache and chronic back pain is not known . Furthermore , there are no data on interdisciplinary organization of outpatient pain management .

[ "In", "Middle", "Franconia", ",", "one", "of", "the", "larger", "Bavarian", "administrative", "division", "(", "population", "1994", ":", "1,657", ",", "101", ")", ",", "the", "number", "of", "patients", "suffering", "from", "cancer", "pain", ",", "chronic", "headache", "and", "chronic", "back", "pain", "is", "not", "known", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "there", "are", "no", "data", "on", "interdisciplinary", "organization", "of", "outpatient", "pain", "management", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

population, patients, cancer, pain, chronic headache, back pain, organization, outpatient, pain management

DerSchmerz.70110101.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: In Middle Franconia , one of the larger Bavarian administrative division ( population 1994 : 1,657 , 101 ) , the number of patients suffering from cancer pain , chronic headache and chronic back pain is not known . Furthermore , there are no data on interdisciplinary organization of outpatient pain management . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]

In Middle Franconia , one of the larger Bavarian administrative division ( population 1994 : 1,657 , 101 ) , the number of patients suffering from cancer pain , chronic headache and chronic back pain is not known . Furthermore , there are no data on interdisciplinary organization of outpatient pain management .

[ "In", "Middle", "Franconia", ",", "one", "of", "the", "larger", "Bavarian", "administrative", "division", "(", "population", "1994", ":", "1,657", ",", "101", ")", ",", "the", "number", "of", "patients", "suffering", "from", "cancer", "pain", ",", "chronic", "headache", "and", "chronic", "back", "pain", "is", "not", "known", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "there", "are", "no", "data", "on", "interdisciplinary", "organization", "of", "outpatient", "pain", "management", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

molluscan glutamate - gated cation channel is a GENE-N

8622118_task0

Sentence: Structure and pharmacological properties of a molluscan glutamate-gated cation channel and its likely role in feeding behavior. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Structure and pharmacological properties of a molluscan glutamate-gated cation channel and its likely role in feeding behavior.

[ "Structure", "and", "pharmacological", "properties", "of", "a", "molluscan", "glutamate", "-", "gated", "cation", "channel", "and", "its", "likely", "role", "in", "feeding", "behavior", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]

molluscan glutamate - gated cation channel is a GENE-N

8622118_task1

Sentence: Structure and pharmacological properties of a molluscan glutamate-gated cation channel and its likely role in feeding behavior. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: molluscan glutamate - gated cation channel Options: GENE-N

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Structure and pharmacological properties of a molluscan glutamate-gated cation channel and its likely role in feeding behavior.

[ "Structure", "and", "pharmacological", "properties", "of", "a", "molluscan", "glutamate", "-", "gated", "cation", "channel", "and", "its", "likely", "role", "in", "feeding", "behavior", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]

molluscan glutamate - gated cation channel

8622118_task2

Sentence: Structure and pharmacological properties of a molluscan glutamate-gated cation channel and its likely role in feeding behavior. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Structure and pharmacological properties of a molluscan glutamate-gated cation channel and its likely role in feeding behavior.

[ "Structure", "and", "pharmacological", "properties", "of", "a", "molluscan", "glutamate", "-", "gated", "cation", "channel", "and", "its", "likely", "role", "in", "feeding", "behavior", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]

Levosulpiride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, functional dyspepsia is a Participant_Condition, functional dyspepsia , is a Participant_Condition, prokinetic drugs is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dyspeptic symptoms is a Participant_Condition, efficacy and safety is a Outcome_Other, levosulpiride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 1298 is a Participant_Sample-size, ( is a Outcome_Pain, domperidone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, metoclopramide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ) is a Participant_Condition, epigastric pain is a Outcome_Pain, Active treatments is a Intervention_Pharmacological, galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes is a Outcome_Physical

88466_task0

Sentence: Levosulpiride in functional dyspepsia : a multicentric , double-blind , controlled trial . Abnormalities in gastrointestinal motility have been reported in a substantial proportion of patients with functional dyspepsia , supporting the use of prokinetic drugs for treatment of dyspeptic symptoms . To evaluate efficacy and safety of levosulpiride in short-term treatment , 1298 patients were enrolled in a double-blind multicentric study carried out in 45 Italian Gastroenterology Departments . Patients were randomly assigned to either levosulpiride ( 25 mg tid ) , domperidone ( 10 mg tid ) , metoclopramide ( 10 mg tid ) or placebo ( 1 tablet tid ) for 4 weeks . Patients were selected on the basis of : a ) occurrence in the last 4 weeks of at least 5/10 selected symptoms ( anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ) , severity of which should reach/exceed a total score of 8 , as assessed by a specific scale ranging from 0 ( absent ) to 3 ( severe ) ; b ) normal results of routine biochemical , ultrasound and endoscopic examinations . In addition , each patient subjectively evaluated efficacy of treatment by a visual analogue scale . Significant improvement was recorded for all symptoms at days 10 and 28 in all groups ( p < 0.001 ) , but levosulpiride was significantly ( p < 0.01 ) superior to domperidone , metoclopramide and placebo both in the overall clinical improvement scale as well as in a subgroup of symptoms ( postprandial bloating , epigastric pain , heartburn ) . Active treatments and placebo were comparable as far as concerns occurrence of side-effects ( 12-20 % ) including galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Outcome_Pain, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other

[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Pain", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Pain", "I-Outcome_Pain", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O" ]

Levosulpiride in functional dyspepsia : a multicentric , double-blind , controlled trial . Abnormalities in gastrointestinal motility have been reported in a substantial proportion of patients with functional dyspepsia , supporting the use of prokinetic drugs for treatment of dyspeptic symptoms . To evaluate efficacy and safety of levosulpiride in short-term treatment , 1298 patients were enrolled in a double-blind multicentric study carried out in 45 Italian Gastroenterology Departments . Patients were randomly assigned to either levosulpiride ( 25 mg tid ) , domperidone ( 10 mg tid ) , metoclopramide ( 10 mg tid ) or placebo ( 1 tablet tid ) for 4 weeks . Patients were selected on the basis of : a ) occurrence in the last 4 weeks of at least 5/10 selected symptoms ( anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ) , severity of which should reach/exceed a total score of 8 , as assessed by a specific scale ranging from 0 ( absent ) to 3 ( severe ) ; b ) normal results of routine biochemical , ultrasound and endoscopic examinations . In addition , each patient subjectively evaluated efficacy of treatment by a visual analogue scale . Significant improvement was recorded for all symptoms at days 10 and 28 in all groups ( p < 0.001 ) , but levosulpiride was significantly ( p < 0.01 ) superior to domperidone , metoclopramide and placebo both in the overall clinical improvement scale as well as in a subgroup of symptoms ( postprandial bloating , epigastric pain , heartburn ) . Active treatments and placebo were comparable as far as concerns occurrence of side-effects ( 12-20 % ) including galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Pain", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

Levosulpiride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, functional dyspepsia is a Participant_Condition, functional dyspepsia , is a Participant_Condition, prokinetic drugs is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dyspeptic symptoms is a Participant_Condition, efficacy and safety is a Outcome_Other, levosulpiride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 1298 is a Participant_Sample-size, ( is a Outcome_Pain, domperidone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, metoclopramide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ) is a Participant_Condition, epigastric pain is a Outcome_Pain, Active treatments is a Intervention_Pharmacological, galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes is a Outcome_Physical

88466_task1

Sentence: Levosulpiride in functional dyspepsia : a multicentric , double-blind , controlled trial . Abnormalities in gastrointestinal motility have been reported in a substantial proportion of patients with functional dyspepsia , supporting the use of prokinetic drugs for treatment of dyspeptic symptoms . To evaluate efficacy and safety of levosulpiride in short-term treatment , 1298 patients were enrolled in a double-blind multicentric study carried out in 45 Italian Gastroenterology Departments . Patients were randomly assigned to either levosulpiride ( 25 mg tid ) , domperidone ( 10 mg tid ) , metoclopramide ( 10 mg tid ) or placebo ( 1 tablet tid ) for 4 weeks . Patients were selected on the basis of : a ) occurrence in the last 4 weeks of at least 5/10 selected symptoms ( anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ) , severity of which should reach/exceed a total score of 8 , as assessed by a specific scale ranging from 0 ( absent ) to 3 ( severe ) ; b ) normal results of routine biochemical , ultrasound and endoscopic examinations . In addition , each patient subjectively evaluated efficacy of treatment by a visual analogue scale . Significant improvement was recorded for all symptoms at days 10 and 28 in all groups ( p < 0.001 ) , but levosulpiride was significantly ( p < 0.01 ) superior to domperidone , metoclopramide and placebo both in the overall clinical improvement scale as well as in a subgroup of symptoms ( postprandial bloating , epigastric pain , heartburn ) . Active treatments and placebo were comparable as far as concerns occurrence of side-effects ( 12-20 % ) including galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Levosulpiride, functional dyspepsia, functional dyspepsia ,, prokinetic drugs, dyspeptic symptoms, efficacy and safety, levosulpiride, 1298, (, domperidone, metoclopramide, placebo, anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ), epigastric pain, Active treatments, galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Outcome_Pain, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other

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Levosulpiride in functional dyspepsia : a multicentric , double-blind , controlled trial . Abnormalities in gastrointestinal motility have been reported in a substantial proportion of patients with functional dyspepsia , supporting the use of prokinetic drugs for treatment of dyspeptic symptoms . To evaluate efficacy and safety of levosulpiride in short-term treatment , 1298 patients were enrolled in a double-blind multicentric study carried out in 45 Italian Gastroenterology Departments . Patients were randomly assigned to either levosulpiride ( 25 mg tid ) , domperidone ( 10 mg tid ) , metoclopramide ( 10 mg tid ) or placebo ( 1 tablet tid ) for 4 weeks . Patients were selected on the basis of : a ) occurrence in the last 4 weeks of at least 5/10 selected symptoms ( anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ) , severity of which should reach/exceed a total score of 8 , as assessed by a specific scale ranging from 0 ( absent ) to 3 ( severe ) ; b ) normal results of routine biochemical , ultrasound and endoscopic examinations . In addition , each patient subjectively evaluated efficacy of treatment by a visual analogue scale . Significant improvement was recorded for all symptoms at days 10 and 28 in all groups ( p < 0.001 ) , but levosulpiride was significantly ( p < 0.01 ) superior to domperidone , metoclopramide and placebo both in the overall clinical improvement scale as well as in a subgroup of symptoms ( postprandial bloating , epigastric pain , heartburn ) . Active treatments and placebo were comparable as far as concerns occurrence of side-effects ( 12-20 % ) including galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Pain", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

Levosulpiride, functional dyspepsia, functional dyspepsia ,, prokinetic drugs, dyspeptic symptoms, efficacy and safety, levosulpiride, 1298, (, domperidone, metoclopramide, placebo, anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ), epigastric pain, Active treatments, galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes

88466_task2

Sentence: Levosulpiride in functional dyspepsia : a multicentric , double-blind , controlled trial . Abnormalities in gastrointestinal motility have been reported in a substantial proportion of patients with functional dyspepsia , supporting the use of prokinetic drugs for treatment of dyspeptic symptoms . To evaluate efficacy and safety of levosulpiride in short-term treatment , 1298 patients were enrolled in a double-blind multicentric study carried out in 45 Italian Gastroenterology Departments . Patients were randomly assigned to either levosulpiride ( 25 mg tid ) , domperidone ( 10 mg tid ) , metoclopramide ( 10 mg tid ) or placebo ( 1 tablet tid ) for 4 weeks . Patients were selected on the basis of : a ) occurrence in the last 4 weeks of at least 5/10 selected symptoms ( anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ) , severity of which should reach/exceed a total score of 8 , as assessed by a specific scale ranging from 0 ( absent ) to 3 ( severe ) ; b ) normal results of routine biochemical , ultrasound and endoscopic examinations . In addition , each patient subjectively evaluated efficacy of treatment by a visual analogue scale . Significant improvement was recorded for all symptoms at days 10 and 28 in all groups ( p < 0.001 ) , but levosulpiride was significantly ( p < 0.01 ) superior to domperidone , metoclopramide and placebo both in the overall clinical improvement scale as well as in a subgroup of symptoms ( postprandial bloating , epigastric pain , heartburn ) . Active treatments and placebo were comparable as far as concerns occurrence of side-effects ( 12-20 % ) including galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Levosulpiride in functional dyspepsia : a multicentric , double-blind , controlled trial . Abnormalities in gastrointestinal motility have been reported in a substantial proportion of patients with functional dyspepsia , supporting the use of prokinetic drugs for treatment of dyspeptic symptoms . To evaluate efficacy and safety of levosulpiride in short-term treatment , 1298 patients were enrolled in a double-blind multicentric study carried out in 45 Italian Gastroenterology Departments . Patients were randomly assigned to either levosulpiride ( 25 mg tid ) , domperidone ( 10 mg tid ) , metoclopramide ( 10 mg tid ) or placebo ( 1 tablet tid ) for 4 weeks . Patients were selected on the basis of : a ) occurrence in the last 4 weeks of at least 5/10 selected symptoms ( anorexia , nausea , vomiting , upper abdominal pain , postprandial bloating , abdominal fullness , early satiety , belching , heartburn , regurgitation ) , severity of which should reach/exceed a total score of 8 , as assessed by a specific scale ranging from 0 ( absent ) to 3 ( severe ) ; b ) normal results of routine biochemical , ultrasound and endoscopic examinations . In addition , each patient subjectively evaluated efficacy of treatment by a visual analogue scale . Significant improvement was recorded for all symptoms at days 10 and 28 in all groups ( p < 0.001 ) , but levosulpiride was significantly ( p < 0.01 ) superior to domperidone , metoclopramide and placebo both in the overall clinical improvement scale as well as in a subgroup of symptoms ( postprandial bloating , epigastric pain , heartburn ) . Active treatments and placebo were comparable as far as concerns occurrence of side-effects ( 12-20 % ) including galactorrhoea , breast tenderness and menstrual changes .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Pain", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

Tumorwachstum is an umlsterm, Tumorforschung is an umlsterm, Tumorentitaeten is an umlsterm, hormonabhaengigen Tumoren is an umlsterm, Tumoren is an umlsterm

DerPathologe.40150331.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Die Realisation , dass Tumorwachstum nicht nur durch Zellproliferation , sondern auch durch ein laengeres Zellueberleben bedingt sein kann , eroeffnet vollstaendig neue Perspektiven in der Grundlagenforschung wie in der klinischen Tumorforschung . Die Apoptose ist deshalb heute Kernpunkt wissenschaftlicher Diskussion . Im Zentrum des derzeitigen Interesses ist neben den Steuermechanismen des programmierten Zelltodes auch der Nachweis seiner klinischen Bedeutung fuer die verschiedenen Tumorentitaeten . Aktuelle Untersuchungen zur Embryogenese , zum physiologischen Zellumsatz und zu epithelialen und hormonabhaengigen Tumoren weisen das Protoonkogen bcl-2 als einen wichtigen Regulator der Apoptose aus . Nach eigenen Untersuchungen hat der Pathomechanismus Apoptose auch fuer maligne mesenchymale Tumoren eine Bedeutung . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Die Realisation , dass Tumorwachstum nicht nur durch Zellproliferation , sondern auch durch ein laengeres Zellueberleben bedingt sein kann , eroeffnet vollstaendig neue Perspektiven in der Grundlagenforschung wie in der klinischen Tumorforschung . Die Apoptose ist deshalb heute Kernpunkt wissenschaftlicher Diskussion . Im Zentrum des derzeitigen Interesses ist neben den Steuermechanismen des programmierten Zelltodes auch der Nachweis seiner klinischen Bedeutung fuer die verschiedenen Tumorentitaeten . Aktuelle Untersuchungen zur Embryogenese , zum physiologischen Zellumsatz und zu epithelialen und hormonabhaengigen Tumoren weisen das Protoonkogen bcl-2 als einen wichtigen Regulator der Apoptose aus . Nach eigenen Untersuchungen hat der Pathomechanismus Apoptose auch fuer maligne mesenchymale Tumoren eine Bedeutung .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Tumorwachstum is an umlsterm, Tumorforschung is an umlsterm, Tumorentitaeten is an umlsterm, hormonabhaengigen Tumoren is an umlsterm, Tumoren is an umlsterm

DerPathologe.40150331.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Die Realisation , dass Tumorwachstum nicht nur durch Zellproliferation , sondern auch durch ein laengeres Zellueberleben bedingt sein kann , eroeffnet vollstaendig neue Perspektiven in der Grundlagenforschung wie in der klinischen Tumorforschung . Die Apoptose ist deshalb heute Kernpunkt wissenschaftlicher Diskussion . Im Zentrum des derzeitigen Interesses ist neben den Steuermechanismen des programmierten Zelltodes auch der Nachweis seiner klinischen Bedeutung fuer die verschiedenen Tumorentitaeten . Aktuelle Untersuchungen zur Embryogenese , zum physiologischen Zellumsatz und zu epithelialen und hormonabhaengigen Tumoren weisen das Protoonkogen bcl-2 als einen wichtigen Regulator der Apoptose aus . Nach eigenen Untersuchungen hat der Pathomechanismus Apoptose auch fuer maligne mesenchymale Tumoren eine Bedeutung . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Tumorwachstum, Tumorforschung, Tumorentitaeten, hormonabhaengigen Tumoren, Tumoren Options: umlsterm

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Die Realisation , dass Tumorwachstum nicht nur durch Zellproliferation , sondern auch durch ein laengeres Zellueberleben bedingt sein kann , eroeffnet vollstaendig neue Perspektiven in der Grundlagenforschung wie in der klinischen Tumorforschung . Die Apoptose ist deshalb heute Kernpunkt wissenschaftlicher Diskussion . Im Zentrum des derzeitigen Interesses ist neben den Steuermechanismen des programmierten Zelltodes auch der Nachweis seiner klinischen Bedeutung fuer die verschiedenen Tumorentitaeten . Aktuelle Untersuchungen zur Embryogenese , zum physiologischen Zellumsatz und zu epithelialen und hormonabhaengigen Tumoren weisen das Protoonkogen bcl-2 als einen wichtigen Regulator der Apoptose aus . Nach eigenen Untersuchungen hat der Pathomechanismus Apoptose auch fuer maligne mesenchymale Tumoren eine Bedeutung .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Tumorwachstum, Tumorforschung, Tumorentitaeten, hormonabhaengigen Tumoren, Tumoren

DerPathologe.40150331.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Die Realisation , dass Tumorwachstum nicht nur durch Zellproliferation , sondern auch durch ein laengeres Zellueberleben bedingt sein kann , eroeffnet vollstaendig neue Perspektiven in der Grundlagenforschung wie in der klinischen Tumorforschung . Die Apoptose ist deshalb heute Kernpunkt wissenschaftlicher Diskussion . Im Zentrum des derzeitigen Interesses ist neben den Steuermechanismen des programmierten Zelltodes auch der Nachweis seiner klinischen Bedeutung fuer die verschiedenen Tumorentitaeten . Aktuelle Untersuchungen zur Embryogenese , zum physiologischen Zellumsatz und zu epithelialen und hormonabhaengigen Tumoren weisen das Protoonkogen bcl-2 als einen wichtigen Regulator der Apoptose aus . Nach eigenen Untersuchungen hat der Pathomechanismus Apoptose auch fuer maligne mesenchymale Tumoren eine Bedeutung . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Die Realisation , dass Tumorwachstum nicht nur durch Zellproliferation , sondern auch durch ein laengeres Zellueberleben bedingt sein kann , eroeffnet vollstaendig neue Perspektiven in der Grundlagenforschung wie in der klinischen Tumorforschung . Die Apoptose ist deshalb heute Kernpunkt wissenschaftlicher Diskussion . Im Zentrum des derzeitigen Interesses ist neben den Steuermechanismen des programmierten Zelltodes auch der Nachweis seiner klinischen Bedeutung fuer die verschiedenen Tumorentitaeten . Aktuelle Untersuchungen zur Embryogenese , zum physiologischen Zellumsatz und zu epithelialen und hormonabhaengigen Tumoren weisen das Protoonkogen bcl-2 als einen wichtigen Regulator der Apoptose aus . Nach eigenen Untersuchungen hat der Pathomechanismus Apoptose auch fuer maligne mesenchymale Tumoren eine Bedeutung .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Nuclear is a Entity, Rel - A is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein

9058790_task0

Sentence: Nuclear Rel-A and c-Rel protein complexes are differentially distributed within human thymocytes. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B)/Rel proteins are inducible transcriptional regulators of numerous cellular genes. They are particularly abundant in lymphoid tissues and are thought to be critical for the transcription of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. We have reported previously that a nuclear NF-kappa B activity was present in freshly extracted human thymocytes in the absence of in vitro treatment of these cells. In the present report, we identified NF-kappa B proteins extracted from human thymocyte nuclei as being p50/p65 and p50/c-Rel complexes. Immunochemical and immunofluorescent staining of thymus sections using specific Abs allowed visualization of nuclear NF-kappa B proteins in both thymocytes and nonthymocyte cells. This detection suggested a preferential activation of p50/c-Rel in medullary thymocytes, whereas p50/p65 was present in both cortical and medullary regions of human thymus lobules. However, the intensity of p65 labeling was much higher in several thymocytes from the medulla. p65, p50, and c-Rel activities were found in both CD4- and CD8-positive thymocytes. These observations suggest that p65 and c-Rel complexes play distinct roles in gene expression and that both forms of NF-kappa B play critical roles during late stages of the intrathymic maturation of T cells. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Entity, Protein

[ "B-Entity", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Nuclear Rel-A and c-Rel protein complexes are differentially distributed within human thymocytes. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B)/Rel proteins are inducible transcriptional regulators of numerous cellular genes. They are particularly abundant in lymphoid tissues and are thought to be critical for the transcription of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. We have reported previously that a nuclear NF-kappa B activity was present in freshly extracted human thymocytes in the absence of in vitro treatment of these cells. In the present report, we identified NF-kappa B proteins extracted from human thymocyte nuclei as being p50/p65 and p50/c-Rel complexes. Immunochemical and immunofluorescent staining of thymus sections using specific Abs allowed visualization of nuclear NF-kappa B proteins in both thymocytes and nonthymocyte cells. This detection suggested a preferential activation of p50/c-Rel in medullary thymocytes, whereas p50/p65 was present in both cortical and medullary regions of human thymus lobules. However, the intensity of p65 labeling was much higher in several thymocytes from the medulla. p65, p50, and c-Rel activities were found in both CD4- and CD8-positive thymocytes. These observations suggest that p65 and c-Rel complexes play distinct roles in gene expression and that both forms of NF-kappa B play critical roles during late stages of the intrathymic maturation of T cells.

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[ "Entity", "Protein" ]

Nuclear is a Entity, Rel - A is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, p50 is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, c - Rel is a Protein

9058790_task1

Sentence: Nuclear Rel-A and c-Rel protein complexes are differentially distributed within human thymocytes. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B)/Rel proteins are inducible transcriptional regulators of numerous cellular genes. They are particularly abundant in lymphoid tissues and are thought to be critical for the transcription of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. We have reported previously that a nuclear NF-kappa B activity was present in freshly extracted human thymocytes in the absence of in vitro treatment of these cells. In the present report, we identified NF-kappa B proteins extracted from human thymocyte nuclei as being p50/p65 and p50/c-Rel complexes. Immunochemical and immunofluorescent staining of thymus sections using specific Abs allowed visualization of nuclear NF-kappa B proteins in both thymocytes and nonthymocyte cells. This detection suggested a preferential activation of p50/c-Rel in medullary thymocytes, whereas p50/p65 was present in both cortical and medullary regions of human thymus lobules. However, the intensity of p65 labeling was much higher in several thymocytes from the medulla. p65, p50, and c-Rel activities were found in both CD4- and CD8-positive thymocytes. These observations suggest that p65 and c-Rel complexes play distinct roles in gene expression and that both forms of NF-kappa B play critical roles during late stages of the intrathymic maturation of T cells. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Nuclear, Rel - A, c - Rel, p50, p65, p50, c - Rel, p50, c - Rel, p50, p65, p65, p65, p50, c - Rel, p65, c - Rel Options: Entity, Protein

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Nuclear Rel-A and c-Rel protein complexes are differentially distributed within human thymocytes. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B)/Rel proteins are inducible transcriptional regulators of numerous cellular genes. They are particularly abundant in lymphoid tissues and are thought to be critical for the transcription of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. We have reported previously that a nuclear NF-kappa B activity was present in freshly extracted human thymocytes in the absence of in vitro treatment of these cells. In the present report, we identified NF-kappa B proteins extracted from human thymocyte nuclei as being p50/p65 and p50/c-Rel complexes. Immunochemical and immunofluorescent staining of thymus sections using specific Abs allowed visualization of nuclear NF-kappa B proteins in both thymocytes and nonthymocyte cells. This detection suggested a preferential activation of p50/c-Rel in medullary thymocytes, whereas p50/p65 was present in both cortical and medullary regions of human thymus lobules. However, the intensity of p65 labeling was much higher in several thymocytes from the medulla. p65, p50, and c-Rel activities were found in both CD4- and CD8-positive thymocytes. These observations suggest that p65 and c-Rel complexes play distinct roles in gene expression and that both forms of NF-kappa B play critical roles during late stages of the intrathymic maturation of T cells.

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[ "Entity", "Protein" ]

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9058790_task2

Sentence: Nuclear Rel-A and c-Rel protein complexes are differentially distributed within human thymocytes. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B)/Rel proteins are inducible transcriptional regulators of numerous cellular genes. They are particularly abundant in lymphoid tissues and are thought to be critical for the transcription of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. We have reported previously that a nuclear NF-kappa B activity was present in freshly extracted human thymocytes in the absence of in vitro treatment of these cells. In the present report, we identified NF-kappa B proteins extracted from human thymocyte nuclei as being p50/p65 and p50/c-Rel complexes. Immunochemical and immunofluorescent staining of thymus sections using specific Abs allowed visualization of nuclear NF-kappa B proteins in both thymocytes and nonthymocyte cells. This detection suggested a preferential activation of p50/c-Rel in medullary thymocytes, whereas p50/p65 was present in both cortical and medullary regions of human thymus lobules. However, the intensity of p65 labeling was much higher in several thymocytes from the medulla. p65, p50, and c-Rel activities were found in both CD4- and CD8-positive thymocytes. These observations suggest that p65 and c-Rel complexes play distinct roles in gene expression and that both forms of NF-kappa B play critical roles during late stages of the intrathymic maturation of T cells. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Nuclear Rel-A and c-Rel protein complexes are differentially distributed within human thymocytes. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B)/Rel proteins are inducible transcriptional regulators of numerous cellular genes. They are particularly abundant in lymphoid tissues and are thought to be critical for the transcription of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. We have reported previously that a nuclear NF-kappa B activity was present in freshly extracted human thymocytes in the absence of in vitro treatment of these cells. In the present report, we identified NF-kappa B proteins extracted from human thymocyte nuclei as being p50/p65 and p50/c-Rel complexes. Immunochemical and immunofluorescent staining of thymus sections using specific Abs allowed visualization of nuclear NF-kappa B proteins in both thymocytes and nonthymocyte cells. This detection suggested a preferential activation of p50/c-Rel in medullary thymocytes, whereas p50/p65 was present in both cortical and medullary regions of human thymus lobules. However, the intensity of p65 labeling was much higher in several thymocytes from the medulla. p65, p50, and c-Rel activities were found in both CD4- and CD8-positive thymocytes. These observations suggest that p65 and c-Rel complexes play distinct roles in gene expression and that both forms of NF-kappa B play critical roles during late stages of the intrathymic maturation of T cells.

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[ "Entity", "Protein" ]

Feten is an umlsterm, Trisomie is an umlsterm, Turner - Syndrom is an umlsterm, Ultraschalluntersuchung is an umlsterm, Pathophysiologie is an umlsterm, Geweben is an umlsterm, Haut is an umlsterm, Gendosiseffekts is an umlsterm, Genkopien is an umlsterm, Trisomien is an umlsterm, Genkopien is an umlsterm, Haut is an umlsterm, Arterien is an umlsterm

DerGynaekologe.90320193.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Bei etwa 80 % der Feten mit Trisomie 21 18 oder 13 , und dem Turner-Syndrom kann eine Fluessigkeitsansammlung in der Nackenregion zwischen der 10. und 14. SSW beobachtet werden . Diese macht sich als erhoehter Messwert bei der " nuchal-translucency " Ultraschalluntersuchung bemerkbar . Die Pathophysiologie dieses allgemein zu beobachtenden Phaenotypes unterschiedlicher chromosomaler Stoerungen ist unklar , aber es gibt einige Hinweise , dass einer der Mechanismen kardiale Herzinsuffizienz sein koennte . Man fuehrt dies auf Anomalien des Herzens und der grossen Gefaesse zurueck , sowie auf Veraenderungen der extrazellulaeren Matrix von Geweben und in der Haut . Letztere koennte Folge eines Gendosiseffekts der 3 Genkopien bei Trisomien , anstatt der normalerweise vorliegenden 2 Genkopien sein , die zu einer Veraenderung der extrazellulaeren Matrix der Haut oder einer abnormalen Entwicklung des Herzens und der grossen Arterien fuehren . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Bei etwa 80 % der Feten mit Trisomie 21 18 oder 13 , und dem Turner-Syndrom kann eine Fluessigkeitsansammlung in der Nackenregion zwischen der 10. und 14. SSW beobachtet werden . Diese macht sich als erhoehter Messwert bei der " nuchal-translucency " Ultraschalluntersuchung bemerkbar . Die Pathophysiologie dieses allgemein zu beobachtenden Phaenotypes unterschiedlicher chromosomaler Stoerungen ist unklar , aber es gibt einige Hinweise , dass einer der Mechanismen kardiale Herzinsuffizienz sein koennte . Man fuehrt dies auf Anomalien des Herzens und der grossen Gefaesse zurueck , sowie auf Veraenderungen der extrazellulaeren Matrix von Geweben und in der Haut . Letztere koennte Folge eines Gendosiseffekts der 3 Genkopien bei Trisomien , anstatt der normalerweise vorliegenden 2 Genkopien sein , die zu einer Veraenderung der extrazellulaeren Matrix der Haut oder einer abnormalen Entwicklung des Herzens und der grossen Arterien fuehren .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Feten is an umlsterm, Trisomie is an umlsterm, Turner - Syndrom is an umlsterm, Ultraschalluntersuchung is an umlsterm, Pathophysiologie is an umlsterm, Geweben is an umlsterm, Haut is an umlsterm, Gendosiseffekts is an umlsterm, Genkopien is an umlsterm, Trisomien is an umlsterm, Genkopien is an umlsterm, Haut is an umlsterm, Arterien is an umlsterm

DerGynaekologe.90320193.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Bei etwa 80 % der Feten mit Trisomie 21 18 oder 13 , und dem Turner-Syndrom kann eine Fluessigkeitsansammlung in der Nackenregion zwischen der 10. und 14. SSW beobachtet werden . Diese macht sich als erhoehter Messwert bei der " nuchal-translucency " Ultraschalluntersuchung bemerkbar . Die Pathophysiologie dieses allgemein zu beobachtenden Phaenotypes unterschiedlicher chromosomaler Stoerungen ist unklar , aber es gibt einige Hinweise , dass einer der Mechanismen kardiale Herzinsuffizienz sein koennte . Man fuehrt dies auf Anomalien des Herzens und der grossen Gefaesse zurueck , sowie auf Veraenderungen der extrazellulaeren Matrix von Geweben und in der Haut . Letztere koennte Folge eines Gendosiseffekts der 3 Genkopien bei Trisomien , anstatt der normalerweise vorliegenden 2 Genkopien sein , die zu einer Veraenderung der extrazellulaeren Matrix der Haut oder einer abnormalen Entwicklung des Herzens und der grossen Arterien fuehren . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Feten, Trisomie, Turner - Syndrom, Ultraschalluntersuchung, Pathophysiologie, Geweben, Haut, Gendosiseffekts, Genkopien, Trisomien, Genkopien, Haut, Arterien Options: umlsterm

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Bei etwa 80 % der Feten mit Trisomie 21 18 oder 13 , und dem Turner-Syndrom kann eine Fluessigkeitsansammlung in der Nackenregion zwischen der 10. und 14. SSW beobachtet werden . Diese macht sich als erhoehter Messwert bei der " nuchal-translucency " Ultraschalluntersuchung bemerkbar . Die Pathophysiologie dieses allgemein zu beobachtenden Phaenotypes unterschiedlicher chromosomaler Stoerungen ist unklar , aber es gibt einige Hinweise , dass einer der Mechanismen kardiale Herzinsuffizienz sein koennte . Man fuehrt dies auf Anomalien des Herzens und der grossen Gefaesse zurueck , sowie auf Veraenderungen der extrazellulaeren Matrix von Geweben und in der Haut . Letztere koennte Folge eines Gendosiseffekts der 3 Genkopien bei Trisomien , anstatt der normalerweise vorliegenden 2 Genkopien sein , die zu einer Veraenderung der extrazellulaeren Matrix der Haut oder einer abnormalen Entwicklung des Herzens und der grossen Arterien fuehren .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Feten, Trisomie, Turner - Syndrom, Ultraschalluntersuchung, Pathophysiologie, Geweben, Haut, Gendosiseffekts, Genkopien, Trisomien, Genkopien, Haut, Arterien

DerGynaekologe.90320193.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Bei etwa 80 % der Feten mit Trisomie 21 18 oder 13 , und dem Turner-Syndrom kann eine Fluessigkeitsansammlung in der Nackenregion zwischen der 10. und 14. SSW beobachtet werden . Diese macht sich als erhoehter Messwert bei der " nuchal-translucency " Ultraschalluntersuchung bemerkbar . Die Pathophysiologie dieses allgemein zu beobachtenden Phaenotypes unterschiedlicher chromosomaler Stoerungen ist unklar , aber es gibt einige Hinweise , dass einer der Mechanismen kardiale Herzinsuffizienz sein koennte . Man fuehrt dies auf Anomalien des Herzens und der grossen Gefaesse zurueck , sowie auf Veraenderungen der extrazellulaeren Matrix von Geweben und in der Haut . Letztere koennte Folge eines Gendosiseffekts der 3 Genkopien bei Trisomien , anstatt der normalerweise vorliegenden 2 Genkopien sein , die zu einer Veraenderung der extrazellulaeren Matrix der Haut oder einer abnormalen Entwicklung des Herzens und der grossen Arterien fuehren . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Bei etwa 80 % der Feten mit Trisomie 21 18 oder 13 , und dem Turner-Syndrom kann eine Fluessigkeitsansammlung in der Nackenregion zwischen der 10. und 14. SSW beobachtet werden . Diese macht sich als erhoehter Messwert bei der " nuchal-translucency " Ultraschalluntersuchung bemerkbar . Die Pathophysiologie dieses allgemein zu beobachtenden Phaenotypes unterschiedlicher chromosomaler Stoerungen ist unklar , aber es gibt einige Hinweise , dass einer der Mechanismen kardiale Herzinsuffizienz sein koennte . Man fuehrt dies auf Anomalien des Herzens und der grossen Gefaesse zurueck , sowie auf Veraenderungen der extrazellulaeren Matrix von Geweben und in der Haut . Letztere koennte Folge eines Gendosiseffekts der 3 Genkopien bei Trisomien , anstatt der normalerweise vorliegenden 2 Genkopien sein , die zu einer Veraenderung der extrazellulaeren Matrix der Haut oder einer abnormalen Entwicklung des Herzens und der grossen Arterien fuehren .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

breast cancer is a Condition, undergoing is a Temporal, unilateral mastectomy is a Measurement, axillary node dissection is a Procedure

NCT02627560_inc_task0

Sentence: breast cancer undergoing unilateral mastectomy with or without axillary node dissection received adequate oral and written information about the study and signed an informed-consent form Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Temporal, Condition, Procedure, Measurement

[ "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Temporal", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

breast cancer undergoing unilateral mastectomy with or without axillary node dissection received adequate oral and written information about the study and signed an informed-consent form

[ "breast", "cancer", "\n", "undergoing", "unilateral", "mastectomy", "with", "or", "without", "axillary", "node", "dissection", "\n", "received", "adequate", "oral", "and", "written", "information", "about", "the", "study", "and", "signed", "an", "informed", "-", "consent", "form", "\n" ]

[ "Procedure", "Measurement", "Condition", "Temporal" ]

breast cancer is a Condition, undergoing is a Temporal, unilateral mastectomy is a Measurement, axillary node dissection is a Procedure

NCT02627560_inc_task1

Sentence: breast cancer undergoing unilateral mastectomy with or without axillary node dissection received adequate oral and written information about the study and signed an informed-consent form Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: breast cancer, undergoing, unilateral mastectomy, axillary node dissection Options: Temporal, Condition, Procedure, Measurement

[ "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Temporal", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

breast cancer undergoing unilateral mastectomy with or without axillary node dissection received adequate oral and written information about the study and signed an informed-consent form

[ "breast", "cancer", "\n", "undergoing", "unilateral", "mastectomy", "with", "or", "without", "axillary", "node", "dissection", "\n", "received", "adequate", "oral", "and", "written", "information", "about", "the", "study", "and", "signed", "an", "informed", "-", "consent", "form", "\n" ]

[ "Procedure", "Measurement", "Condition", "Temporal" ]

breast cancer, undergoing, unilateral mastectomy, axillary node dissection

NCT02627560_inc_task2

Sentence: breast cancer undergoing unilateral mastectomy with or without axillary node dissection received adequate oral and written information about the study and signed an informed-consent form Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Temporal", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

breast cancer undergoing unilateral mastectomy with or without axillary node dissection received adequate oral and written information about the study and signed an informed-consent form

[ "breast", "cancer", "\n", "undergoing", "unilateral", "mastectomy", "with", "or", "without", "axillary", "node", "dissection", "\n", "received", "adequate", "oral", "and", "written", "information", "about", "the", "study", "and", "signed", "an", "informed", "-", "consent", "form", "\n" ]

[ "Procedure", "Measurement", "Condition", "Temporal" ]

glycerol is an umlsterm, Glycerol is an umlsterm, lipid is an umlsterm, lipids is an umlsterm, urea is an umlsterm, desmosomes is an umlsterm, glycerol is an umlsterm, skin is an umlsterm, elasticity is an umlsterm, Glycerol is an umlsterm, tensides is an umlsterm, epidermis is an umlsterm, regeneration is an umlsterm, glycerol is an umlsterm, urea is an umlsterm, proven is an umlsterm, hexylnicotinate is an umlsterm

DerHautarzt.80490006.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: The effects of glycerol are discussed in detail . Glycerol can lead to a transition of crystalline lipid structures within the horny layer lipids into liquid crystalline states . Especially if applied in oil/water-emulsions it improves , the hydration of the horny layers better than urea . In addition , if facilitates the dissolution of desmosomes within the superior layers of the horny layer enhancing desquamation . Furthermore , by using glycerol , the mechanical properties of the skin can be influenced ; long term used leads to increased elasticity . The roughness of the horny layer is reduced , which can be explained by the abrasive and/or the hydrating effect . Glycerol used in o/w-emulsions also protects against the influence of tensides or noxious lipophilic agents . Presumably a flux from the base of the epidermis towards its surface triggers the regeneration of the barrier . Finally , glycerol can lead - similarly to urea - to an improvement in active agent penetration , as has been proven for hexylnicotinate . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

The effects of glycerol are discussed in detail . Glycerol can lead to a transition of crystalline lipid structures within the horny layer lipids into liquid crystalline states . Especially if applied in oil/water-emulsions it improves , the hydration of the horny layers better than urea . In addition , if facilitates the dissolution of desmosomes within the superior layers of the horny layer enhancing desquamation . Furthermore , by using glycerol , the mechanical properties of the skin can be influenced ; long term used leads to increased elasticity . The roughness of the horny layer is reduced , which can be explained by the abrasive and/or the hydrating effect . Glycerol used in o/w-emulsions also protects against the influence of tensides or noxious lipophilic agents . Presumably a flux from the base of the epidermis towards its surface triggers the regeneration of the barrier . Finally , glycerol can lead - similarly to urea - to an improvement in active agent penetration , as has been proven for hexylnicotinate .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

glycerol is an umlsterm, Glycerol is an umlsterm, lipid is an umlsterm, lipids is an umlsterm, urea is an umlsterm, desmosomes is an umlsterm, glycerol is an umlsterm, skin is an umlsterm, elasticity is an umlsterm, Glycerol is an umlsterm, tensides is an umlsterm, epidermis is an umlsterm, regeneration is an umlsterm, glycerol is an umlsterm, urea is an umlsterm, proven is an umlsterm, hexylnicotinate is an umlsterm

DerHautarzt.80490006.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: The effects of glycerol are discussed in detail . Glycerol can lead to a transition of crystalline lipid structures within the horny layer lipids into liquid crystalline states . Especially if applied in oil/water-emulsions it improves , the hydration of the horny layers better than urea . In addition , if facilitates the dissolution of desmosomes within the superior layers of the horny layer enhancing desquamation . Furthermore , by using glycerol , the mechanical properties of the skin can be influenced ; long term used leads to increased elasticity . The roughness of the horny layer is reduced , which can be explained by the abrasive and/or the hydrating effect . Glycerol used in o/w-emulsions also protects against the influence of tensides or noxious lipophilic agents . Presumably a flux from the base of the epidermis towards its surface triggers the regeneration of the barrier . Finally , glycerol can lead - similarly to urea - to an improvement in active agent penetration , as has been proven for hexylnicotinate . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: glycerol, Glycerol, lipid, lipids, urea, desmosomes, glycerol, skin, elasticity, Glycerol, tensides, epidermis, regeneration, glycerol, urea, proven, hexylnicotinate Options: umlsterm

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The effects of glycerol are discussed in detail . Glycerol can lead to a transition of crystalline lipid structures within the horny layer lipids into liquid crystalline states . Especially if applied in oil/water-emulsions it improves , the hydration of the horny layers better than urea . In addition , if facilitates the dissolution of desmosomes within the superior layers of the horny layer enhancing desquamation . Furthermore , by using glycerol , the mechanical properties of the skin can be influenced ; long term used leads to increased elasticity . The roughness of the horny layer is reduced , which can be explained by the abrasive and/or the hydrating effect . Glycerol used in o/w-emulsions also protects against the influence of tensides or noxious lipophilic agents . Presumably a flux from the base of the epidermis towards its surface triggers the regeneration of the barrier . Finally , glycerol can lead - similarly to urea - to an improvement in active agent penetration , as has been proven for hexylnicotinate .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

glycerol, Glycerol, lipid, lipids, urea, desmosomes, glycerol, skin, elasticity, Glycerol, tensides, epidermis, regeneration, glycerol, urea, proven, hexylnicotinate

DerHautarzt.80490006.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: The effects of glycerol are discussed in detail . Glycerol can lead to a transition of crystalline lipid structures within the horny layer lipids into liquid crystalline states . Especially if applied in oil/water-emulsions it improves , the hydration of the horny layers better than urea . In addition , if facilitates the dissolution of desmosomes within the superior layers of the horny layer enhancing desquamation . Furthermore , by using glycerol , the mechanical properties of the skin can be influenced ; long term used leads to increased elasticity . The roughness of the horny layer is reduced , which can be explained by the abrasive and/or the hydrating effect . Glycerol used in o/w-emulsions also protects against the influence of tensides or noxious lipophilic agents . Presumably a flux from the base of the epidermis towards its surface triggers the regeneration of the barrier . Finally , glycerol can lead - similarly to urea - to an improvement in active agent penetration , as has been proven for hexylnicotinate . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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The effects of glycerol are discussed in detail . Glycerol can lead to a transition of crystalline lipid structures within the horny layer lipids into liquid crystalline states . Especially if applied in oil/water-emulsions it improves , the hydration of the horny layers better than urea . In addition , if facilitates the dissolution of desmosomes within the superior layers of the horny layer enhancing desquamation . Furthermore , by using glycerol , the mechanical properties of the skin can be influenced ; long term used leads to increased elasticity . The roughness of the horny layer is reduced , which can be explained by the abrasive and/or the hydrating effect . Glycerol used in o/w-emulsions also protects against the influence of tensides or noxious lipophilic agents . Presumably a flux from the base of the epidermis towards its surface triggers the regeneration of the barrier . Finally , glycerol can lead - similarly to urea - to an improvement in active agent penetration , as has been proven for hexylnicotinate .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Opportunistic infections is an umlsterm, long - term treatment is an umlsterm, azathioprine is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, myasthenia gravis is an umlsterm, woman is an umlsterm, cytomegalovirus infection is an umlsterm, immunosuppressive is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm

DerNervenarzt.90700924.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Opportunistic infections after long-term treatment with azathioprine ( AZA ) have not been noted in patients with myasthenia gravis ( MG ) . We report on a 56-year-old woman with generalized MG who presented with cytomegalovirus infection after being treated with AZA for 17 years . The indication for immunosuppressive treatment in MG should be regularly reconfirmed , particularly since at least 50% of patients can discontinue AZA after two to four years without risk of exacerbation . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]

Opportunistic infections after long-term treatment with azathioprine ( AZA ) have not been noted in patients with myasthenia gravis ( MG ) . We report on a 56-year-old woman with generalized MG who presented with cytomegalovirus infection after being treated with AZA for 17 years . The indication for immunosuppressive treatment in MG should be regularly reconfirmed , particularly since at least 50% of patients can discontinue AZA after two to four years without risk of exacerbation .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Opportunistic infections is an umlsterm, long - term treatment is an umlsterm, azathioprine is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, myasthenia gravis is an umlsterm, woman is an umlsterm, cytomegalovirus infection is an umlsterm, immunosuppressive is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm

DerNervenarzt.90700924.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Opportunistic infections after long-term treatment with azathioprine ( AZA ) have not been noted in patients with myasthenia gravis ( MG ) . We report on a 56-year-old woman with generalized MG who presented with cytomegalovirus infection after being treated with AZA for 17 years . The indication for immunosuppressive treatment in MG should be regularly reconfirmed , particularly since at least 50% of patients can discontinue AZA after two to four years without risk of exacerbation . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Opportunistic infections, long - term treatment, azathioprine, patients, myasthenia gravis, woman, cytomegalovirus infection, immunosuppressive, treatment, patients, risk of Options: umlsterm

[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]

Opportunistic infections after long-term treatment with azathioprine ( AZA ) have not been noted in patients with myasthenia gravis ( MG ) . We report on a 56-year-old woman with generalized MG who presented with cytomegalovirus infection after being treated with AZA for 17 years . The indication for immunosuppressive treatment in MG should be regularly reconfirmed , particularly since at least 50% of patients can discontinue AZA after two to four years without risk of exacerbation .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Opportunistic infections, long - term treatment, azathioprine, patients, myasthenia gravis, woman, cytomegalovirus infection, immunosuppressive, treatment, patients, risk of

DerNervenarzt.90700924.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Opportunistic infections after long-term treatment with azathioprine ( AZA ) have not been noted in patients with myasthenia gravis ( MG ) . We report on a 56-year-old woman with generalized MG who presented with cytomegalovirus infection after being treated with AZA for 17 years . The indication for immunosuppressive treatment in MG should be regularly reconfirmed , particularly since at least 50% of patients can discontinue AZA after two to four years without risk of exacerbation . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]

Opportunistic infections after long-term treatment with azathioprine ( AZA ) have not been noted in patients with myasthenia gravis ( MG ) . We report on a 56-year-old woman with generalized MG who presented with cytomegalovirus infection after being treated with AZA for 17 years . The indication for immunosuppressive treatment in MG should be regularly reconfirmed , particularly since at least 50% of patients can discontinue AZA after two to four years without risk of exacerbation .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Tumor necrosis factor ( TNF)-alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, p24 is a Protein, CD4 is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, IL-2 is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, p24 is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, Tat is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein

808_task0

Sentence: Replication of human immunodeficiency virus-1 in primary human T cells is dependent on the autocrine secretion of tumor necrosis factor through the control of nuclear factor-kappa B activation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha controls T-cell activation and is a major inducer of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication in chronically infected cells. Therefore, we have investigated its role in primary cultures of HIV-infected human T lymphocytes by using neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies or TNF-alpha. Primary resting T lymphocytes produced TNF-alpha and supported HIV replication after T-cell receptor activation. Addition of neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies drastically reduced p24 antigen release and prevented CD4+ cell depletion associated with infection. Anti-TNF-alpha also prevented nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation, and a good correlation between this inhibition and inhibition of HIV replication was observed. Moreover, supplementing the cultures with high doses of IL-2 reverted anti-TNF-alpha inhibition of cell proliferation but did not affect the inhibition of HIV p24 antigen release or NF-kappa B activation in the same cultures. Moreover, anti-TNF-alpha inhibited HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)-driven transcription of a reporter gene in primary T cells in response to activation, either in the presence or the absence of HIV-1 Tat. Our results support an important role for autocrine TNF-alpha secretion in controlling HIV replication in primary T cells because of its ability to maintain NF-kappa B elevated in the nucleus of T cells. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Protein

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Replication of human immunodeficiency virus-1 in primary human T cells is dependent on the autocrine secretion of tumor necrosis factor through the control of nuclear factor-kappa B activation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha controls T-cell activation and is a major inducer of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication in chronically infected cells. Therefore, we have investigated its role in primary cultures of HIV-infected human T lymphocytes by using neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies or TNF-alpha. Primary resting T lymphocytes produced TNF-alpha and supported HIV replication after T-cell receptor activation. Addition of neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies drastically reduced p24 antigen release and prevented CD4+ cell depletion associated with infection. Anti-TNF-alpha also prevented nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation, and a good correlation between this inhibition and inhibition of HIV replication was observed. Moreover, supplementing the cultures with high doses of IL-2 reverted anti-TNF-alpha inhibition of cell proliferation but did not affect the inhibition of HIV p24 antigen release or NF-kappa B activation in the same cultures. Moreover, anti-TNF-alpha inhibited HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)-driven transcription of a reporter gene in primary T cells in response to activation, either in the presence or the absence of HIV-1 Tat. Our results support an important role for autocrine TNF-alpha secretion in controlling HIV replication in primary T cells because of its ability to maintain NF-kappa B elevated in the nucleus of T cells.

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[ "Protein" ]

Tumor necrosis factor ( TNF)-alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, p24 is a Protein, CD4 is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, IL-2 is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, p24 is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, Tat is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein

808_task1

Sentence: Replication of human immunodeficiency virus-1 in primary human T cells is dependent on the autocrine secretion of tumor necrosis factor through the control of nuclear factor-kappa B activation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha controls T-cell activation and is a major inducer of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication in chronically infected cells. Therefore, we have investigated its role in primary cultures of HIV-infected human T lymphocytes by using neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies or TNF-alpha. Primary resting T lymphocytes produced TNF-alpha and supported HIV replication after T-cell receptor activation. Addition of neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies drastically reduced p24 antigen release and prevented CD4+ cell depletion associated with infection. Anti-TNF-alpha also prevented nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation, and a good correlation between this inhibition and inhibition of HIV replication was observed. Moreover, supplementing the cultures with high doses of IL-2 reverted anti-TNF-alpha inhibition of cell proliferation but did not affect the inhibition of HIV p24 antigen release or NF-kappa B activation in the same cultures. Moreover, anti-TNF-alpha inhibited HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)-driven transcription of a reporter gene in primary T cells in response to activation, either in the presence or the absence of HIV-1 Tat. Our results support an important role for autocrine TNF-alpha secretion in controlling HIV replication in primary T cells because of its ability to maintain NF-kappa B elevated in the nucleus of T cells. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Tumor necrosis factor ( TNF)-alpha, TNF - alpha, TNF - alpha, TNF - alpha, TNF - alpha, p24, CD4, TNF - alpha, IL-2, TNF - alpha, p24, TNF - alpha, Tat, TNF - alpha Options: Protein

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Replication of human immunodeficiency virus-1 in primary human T cells is dependent on the autocrine secretion of tumor necrosis factor through the control of nuclear factor-kappa B activation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha controls T-cell activation and is a major inducer of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication in chronically infected cells. Therefore, we have investigated its role in primary cultures of HIV-infected human T lymphocytes by using neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies or TNF-alpha. Primary resting T lymphocytes produced TNF-alpha and supported HIV replication after T-cell receptor activation. Addition of neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies drastically reduced p24 antigen release and prevented CD4+ cell depletion associated with infection. Anti-TNF-alpha also prevented nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation, and a good correlation between this inhibition and inhibition of HIV replication was observed. Moreover, supplementing the cultures with high doses of IL-2 reverted anti-TNF-alpha inhibition of cell proliferation but did not affect the inhibition of HIV p24 antigen release or NF-kappa B activation in the same cultures. Moreover, anti-TNF-alpha inhibited HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)-driven transcription of a reporter gene in primary T cells in response to activation, either in the presence or the absence of HIV-1 Tat. Our results support an important role for autocrine TNF-alpha secretion in controlling HIV replication in primary T cells because of its ability to maintain NF-kappa B elevated in the nucleus of T cells.

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[ "Protein" ]

Tumor necrosis factor ( TNF)-alpha, TNF - alpha, TNF - alpha, TNF - alpha, TNF - alpha, p24, CD4, TNF - alpha, IL-2, TNF - alpha, p24, TNF - alpha, Tat, TNF - alpha

808_task2

Sentence: Replication of human immunodeficiency virus-1 in primary human T cells is dependent on the autocrine secretion of tumor necrosis factor through the control of nuclear factor-kappa B activation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha controls T-cell activation and is a major inducer of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication in chronically infected cells. Therefore, we have investigated its role in primary cultures of HIV-infected human T lymphocytes by using neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies or TNF-alpha. Primary resting T lymphocytes produced TNF-alpha and supported HIV replication after T-cell receptor activation. Addition of neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies drastically reduced p24 antigen release and prevented CD4+ cell depletion associated with infection. Anti-TNF-alpha also prevented nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation, and a good correlation between this inhibition and inhibition of HIV replication was observed. Moreover, supplementing the cultures with high doses of IL-2 reverted anti-TNF-alpha inhibition of cell proliferation but did not affect the inhibition of HIV p24 antigen release or NF-kappa B activation in the same cultures. Moreover, anti-TNF-alpha inhibited HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)-driven transcription of a reporter gene in primary T cells in response to activation, either in the presence or the absence of HIV-1 Tat. Our results support an important role for autocrine TNF-alpha secretion in controlling HIV replication in primary T cells because of its ability to maintain NF-kappa B elevated in the nucleus of T cells. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Replication of human immunodeficiency virus-1 in primary human T cells is dependent on the autocrine secretion of tumor necrosis factor through the control of nuclear factor-kappa B activation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha controls T-cell activation and is a major inducer of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication in chronically infected cells. Therefore, we have investigated its role in primary cultures of HIV-infected human T lymphocytes by using neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies or TNF-alpha. Primary resting T lymphocytes produced TNF-alpha and supported HIV replication after T-cell receptor activation. Addition of neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies drastically reduced p24 antigen release and prevented CD4+ cell depletion associated with infection. Anti-TNF-alpha also prevented nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation, and a good correlation between this inhibition and inhibition of HIV replication was observed. Moreover, supplementing the cultures with high doses of IL-2 reverted anti-TNF-alpha inhibition of cell proliferation but did not affect the inhibition of HIV p24 antigen release or NF-kappa B activation in the same cultures. Moreover, anti-TNF-alpha inhibited HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)-driven transcription of a reporter gene in primary T cells in response to activation, either in the presence or the absence of HIV-1 Tat. Our results support an important role for autocrine TNF-alpha secretion in controlling HIV replication in primary T cells because of its ability to maintain NF-kappa B elevated in the nucleus of T cells.

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[ "Protein" ]

lymphoproliferative disorders is an umlsterm, lymphomas is an umlsterm, acute diseases is an umlsterm, lymphoma is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, histology is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, chemotherapy is an umlsterm

DerUrologeA.70360239.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Involvment of the genitouronary tract by lymphoproliferative disorders is rare . Rapid proliferating Burkitt's lymphomas could mimic acute diseases . Due to the extreme chemosensitivity , the lymphoma is cureable and surgery should be done only for histology . Initial surgery should be restricted to acute abdominal complications or complete removal of localised resectable disease . In any case a multiagent chemotherapy is necessary . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O" ]

Involvment of the genitouronary tract by lymphoproliferative disorders is rare . Rapid proliferating Burkitt's lymphomas could mimic acute diseases . Due to the extreme chemosensitivity , the lymphoma is cureable and surgery should be done only for histology . Initial surgery should be restricted to acute abdominal complications or complete removal of localised resectable disease . In any case a multiagent chemotherapy is necessary .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

lymphoproliferative disorders is an umlsterm, lymphomas is an umlsterm, acute diseases is an umlsterm, lymphoma is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, histology is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, chemotherapy is an umlsterm

DerUrologeA.70360239.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Involvment of the genitouronary tract by lymphoproliferative disorders is rare . Rapid proliferating Burkitt's lymphomas could mimic acute diseases . Due to the extreme chemosensitivity , the lymphoma is cureable and surgery should be done only for histology . Initial surgery should be restricted to acute abdominal complications or complete removal of localised resectable disease . In any case a multiagent chemotherapy is necessary . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: lymphoproliferative disorders, lymphomas, acute diseases, lymphoma, surgery, histology, surgery, complications, disease, chemotherapy Options: umlsterm

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Involvment of the genitouronary tract by lymphoproliferative disorders is rare . Rapid proliferating Burkitt's lymphomas could mimic acute diseases . Due to the extreme chemosensitivity , the lymphoma is cureable and surgery should be done only for histology . Initial surgery should be restricted to acute abdominal complications or complete removal of localised resectable disease . In any case a multiagent chemotherapy is necessary .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

lymphoproliferative disorders, lymphomas, acute diseases, lymphoma, surgery, histology, surgery, complications, disease, chemotherapy

DerUrologeA.70360239.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Involvment of the genitouronary tract by lymphoproliferative disorders is rare . Rapid proliferating Burkitt's lymphomas could mimic acute diseases . Due to the extreme chemosensitivity , the lymphoma is cureable and surgery should be done only for histology . Initial surgery should be restricted to acute abdominal complications or complete removal of localised resectable disease . In any case a multiagent chemotherapy is necessary . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Involvment of the genitouronary tract by lymphoproliferative disorders is rare . Rapid proliferating Burkitt's lymphomas could mimic acute diseases . Due to the extreme chemosensitivity , the lymphoma is cureable and surgery should be done only for histology . Initial surgery should be restricted to acute abdominal complications or complete removal of localised resectable disease . In any case a multiagent chemotherapy is necessary .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

MSH3 is a Gene/protein/RNA, MSH6 is a Gene/protein/RNA

477_task0

Sentence: Redundancy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSH3 and MSH6 in MSH2-dependent mismatch repair. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Gene/protein/RNA

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene/protein/RNA", "O", "B-Gene/protein/RNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Redundancy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSH3 and MSH6 in MSH2-dependent mismatch repair.

[ "Redundancy", "of", "Saccharomyces", "cerevisiae", "MSH3", "and", "MSH6", "in", "MSH2-dependent", "mismatch", "repair", "." ]

[ "Gene/protein/RNA" ]

MSH3 is a Gene/protein/RNA, MSH6 is a Gene/protein/RNA

477_task1

Sentence: Redundancy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSH3 and MSH6 in MSH2-dependent mismatch repair. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: MSH3, MSH6 Options: Gene/protein/RNA

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene/protein/RNA", "O", "B-Gene/protein/RNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Redundancy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSH3 and MSH6 in MSH2-dependent mismatch repair.

[ "Redundancy", "of", "Saccharomyces", "cerevisiae", "MSH3", "and", "MSH6", "in", "MSH2-dependent", "mismatch", "repair", "." ]

[ "Gene/protein/RNA" ]

MSH3, MSH6

477_task2

Sentence: Redundancy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSH3 and MSH6 in MSH2-dependent mismatch repair. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene/protein/RNA", "O", "B-Gene/protein/RNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Redundancy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSH3 and MSH6 in MSH2-dependent mismatch repair.

[ "Redundancy", "of", "Saccharomyces", "cerevisiae", "MSH3", "and", "MSH6", "in", "MSH2-dependent", "mismatch", "repair", "." ]

[ "Gene/protein/RNA" ]