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FHL1 is a Gene, EMD is a Gene, LMNA is a Gene, FHL1 is a Gene, EMD- is a Gene, LMNA is a Gene, FHL1 is a Gene, FHL1 is a Gene, FHL1 is a Gene, FHL1 is a Gene, FHL1 is a Gene
406_task1
Sentence: Mutations of the FHL1 gene cause Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is a rare disorder characterized by early joint contractures, muscular dystrophy, and cardiac involvement with conduction defects and arrhythmias. So far, only 35% of EDMD cases are genetically elucidated and associated with EMD or LMNA gene mutations, suggesting the existence of additional major genes. By whole-genome scan, we identified linkage to the Xq26.3 locus containing the FHL1 gene in three informative families belonging to our EMD- and LMNA-negative cohort. Analysis of the FHL1 gene identified seven mutations, in the distal exons of FHL1 in these families, three additional families, and one isolated case, which differently affect the three FHL1 protein isoforms: two missense mutations affecting highly conserved cysteines, one abolishing the termination codon, and four out-of-frame insertions or deletions. The predominant phenotype was characterized by myopathy with scapulo-peroneal and/or axial distribution, as well as joint contractures, and associated with a peculiar cardiac disease characterized by conduction defects, arrhythmias, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in all index cases of the seven families. Heterozygous female carriers were either asymptomatic or had cardiac disease and/or mild myopathy. Interestingly, four of the FHL1-mutated male relatives had isolated cardiac disease, and an overt hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was present in two. Expression and functional studies demonstrated that the FHL1 proteins were severely reduced in all tested patients and that this was associated with a severe delay in myotube formation in the two patients for whom myoblasts were available. In conclusion, FHL1 should be considered as a gene associated with the X-linked EDMD phenotype, as well as with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: FHL1, EMD, LMNA, FHL1, EMD-, LMNA, FHL1, FHL1, FHL1, FHL1, FHL1 Options: Gene
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Mutations of the FHL1 gene cause Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is a rare disorder characterized by early joint contractures, muscular dystrophy, and cardiac involvement with conduction defects and arrhythmias. So far, only 35% of EDMD cases are genetically elucidated and associated with EMD or LMNA gene mutations, suggesting the existence of additional major genes. By whole-genome scan, we identified linkage to the Xq26.3 locus containing the FHL1 gene in three informative families belonging to our EMD- and LMNA-negative cohort. Analysis of the FHL1 gene identified seven mutations, in the distal exons of FHL1 in these families, three additional families, and one isolated case, which differently affect the three FHL1 protein isoforms: two missense mutations affecting highly conserved cysteines, one abolishing the termination codon, and four out-of-frame insertions or deletions. The predominant phenotype was characterized by myopathy with scapulo-peroneal and/or axial distribution, as well as joint contractures, and associated with a peculiar cardiac disease characterized by conduction defects, arrhythmias, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in all index cases of the seven families. Heterozygous female carriers were either asymptomatic or had cardiac disease and/or mild myopathy. Interestingly, four of the FHL1-mutated male relatives had isolated cardiac disease, and an overt hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was present in two. Expression and functional studies demonstrated that the FHL1 proteins were severely reduced in all tested patients and that this was associated with a severe delay in myotube formation in the two patients for whom myoblasts were available. In conclusion, FHL1 should be considered as a gene associated with the X-linked EDMD phenotype, as well as with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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[ "Gene" ]
FHL1, EMD, LMNA, FHL1, EMD-, LMNA, FHL1, FHL1, FHL1, FHL1, FHL1
406_task2
Sentence: Mutations of the FHL1 gene cause Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is a rare disorder characterized by early joint contractures, muscular dystrophy, and cardiac involvement with conduction defects and arrhythmias. So far, only 35% of EDMD cases are genetically elucidated and associated with EMD or LMNA gene mutations, suggesting the existence of additional major genes. By whole-genome scan, we identified linkage to the Xq26.3 locus containing the FHL1 gene in three informative families belonging to our EMD- and LMNA-negative cohort. Analysis of the FHL1 gene identified seven mutations, in the distal exons of FHL1 in these families, three additional families, and one isolated case, which differently affect the three FHL1 protein isoforms: two missense mutations affecting highly conserved cysteines, one abolishing the termination codon, and four out-of-frame insertions or deletions. The predominant phenotype was characterized by myopathy with scapulo-peroneal and/or axial distribution, as well as joint contractures, and associated with a peculiar cardiac disease characterized by conduction defects, arrhythmias, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in all index cases of the seven families. Heterozygous female carriers were either asymptomatic or had cardiac disease and/or mild myopathy. Interestingly, four of the FHL1-mutated male relatives had isolated cardiac disease, and an overt hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was present in two. Expression and functional studies demonstrated that the FHL1 proteins were severely reduced in all tested patients and that this was associated with a severe delay in myotube formation in the two patients for whom myoblasts were available. In conclusion, FHL1 should be considered as a gene associated with the X-linked EDMD phenotype, as well as with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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Mutations of the FHL1 gene cause Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is a rare disorder characterized by early joint contractures, muscular dystrophy, and cardiac involvement with conduction defects and arrhythmias. So far, only 35% of EDMD cases are genetically elucidated and associated with EMD or LMNA gene mutations, suggesting the existence of additional major genes. By whole-genome scan, we identified linkage to the Xq26.3 locus containing the FHL1 gene in three informative families belonging to our EMD- and LMNA-negative cohort. Analysis of the FHL1 gene identified seven mutations, in the distal exons of FHL1 in these families, three additional families, and one isolated case, which differently affect the three FHL1 protein isoforms: two missense mutations affecting highly conserved cysteines, one abolishing the termination codon, and four out-of-frame insertions or deletions. The predominant phenotype was characterized by myopathy with scapulo-peroneal and/or axial distribution, as well as joint contractures, and associated with a peculiar cardiac disease characterized by conduction defects, arrhythmias, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in all index cases of the seven families. Heterozygous female carriers were either asymptomatic or had cardiac disease and/or mild myopathy. Interestingly, four of the FHL1-mutated male relatives had isolated cardiac disease, and an overt hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was present in two. Expression and functional studies demonstrated that the FHL1 proteins were severely reduced in all tested patients and that this was associated with a severe delay in myotube formation in the two patients for whom myoblasts were available. In conclusion, FHL1 should be considered as a gene associated with the X-linked EDMD phenotype, as well as with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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[ "Gene" ]
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PerinatalMedizin.60080088.eng.abstr_task0
Sentence: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the incidence , etiology and prognosis of severe connatal anemia in preterm and term children . All neonates born in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , University of Kiel , were included . In 18 of 18 367 ( 0.98 permil ) liveborn neonates ( birth weight 680-4050 g ; 26-41 weeks of gestation ) , the initial hemoglobin level was below 10 g/dl . In those children with birth weight below 2500 g the incidence was 6.8 permil . In 17 of 18 cases the cause of anemia could be clarified . In five preterm babies ( 28% ) an acute fetofetal transfusion and in three newborns a fetomaternal transfusion was responsible for the onset of anemia . In two cases there was Rh incompatibility , in two cases placental bleeding , and in another two cases fetal tumour bleeding caused the anemia . In one fully developed newborn there was severe disseminated intestinal bleeding of unknown cause . Another child suffered from EBV infection , and one had trisomy 13 with multiple malformations . Ten children ( 55% ) had to be resuscitated due to hypovolemic shock . Fifteen children were intubated and ventilated mechanically . Seven children ( 39% ) ; ( six preterm babies and the newborn with trisomy 13 ) died between days 1 and 6. Five of these seven children had to be resuscitated at birth . Six children ( 33% ) showed evidence of neurologic disease when discharged ; five of these were resuscitated previously . Five children ( 28% ) including three full-term babies were developed normally . In conclusion , severe anemia with hemoglobin below 10 g/dl is very rare but serious . It seems necessary to optimize primary resuscitation by immediate transfusion and monitoring of central venous pressure by umbilical vein catheter . The prognosis can be influenced in a positive way . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm
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The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the incidence , etiology and prognosis of severe connatal anemia in preterm and term children . All neonates born in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , University of Kiel , were included . In 18 of 18 367 ( 0.98 permil ) liveborn neonates ( birth weight 680-4050 g ; 26-41 weeks of gestation ) , the initial hemoglobin level was below 10 g/dl . In those children with birth weight below 2500 g the incidence was 6.8 permil . In 17 of 18 cases the cause of anemia could be clarified . In five preterm babies ( 28% ) an acute fetofetal transfusion and in three newborns a fetomaternal transfusion was responsible for the onset of anemia . In two cases there was Rh incompatibility , in two cases placental bleeding , and in another two cases fetal tumour bleeding caused the anemia . In one fully developed newborn there was severe disseminated intestinal bleeding of unknown cause . Another child suffered from EBV infection , and one had trisomy 13 with multiple malformations . Ten children ( 55% ) had to be resuscitated due to hypovolemic shock . Fifteen children were intubated and ventilated mechanically . Seven children ( 39% ) ; ( six preterm babies and the newborn with trisomy 13 ) died between days 1 and 6. Five of these seven children had to be resuscitated at birth . Six children ( 33% ) showed evidence of neurologic disease when discharged ; five of these were resuscitated previously . Five children ( 28% ) including three full-term babies were developed normally . In conclusion , severe anemia with hemoglobin below 10 g/dl is very rare but serious . It seems necessary to optimize primary resuscitation by immediate transfusion and monitoring of central venous pressure by umbilical vein catheter . The prognosis can be influenced in a positive way .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
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PerinatalMedizin.60080088.eng.abstr_task1
Sentence: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the incidence , etiology and prognosis of severe connatal anemia in preterm and term children . All neonates born in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , University of Kiel , were included . In 18 of 18 367 ( 0.98 permil ) liveborn neonates ( birth weight 680-4050 g ; 26-41 weeks of gestation ) , the initial hemoglobin level was below 10 g/dl . In those children with birth weight below 2500 g the incidence was 6.8 permil . In 17 of 18 cases the cause of anemia could be clarified . In five preterm babies ( 28% ) an acute fetofetal transfusion and in three newborns a fetomaternal transfusion was responsible for the onset of anemia . In two cases there was Rh incompatibility , in two cases placental bleeding , and in another two cases fetal tumour bleeding caused the anemia . In one fully developed newborn there was severe disseminated intestinal bleeding of unknown cause . Another child suffered from EBV infection , and one had trisomy 13 with multiple malformations . Ten children ( 55% ) had to be resuscitated due to hypovolemic shock . Fifteen children were intubated and ventilated mechanically . Seven children ( 39% ) ; ( six preterm babies and the newborn with trisomy 13 ) died between days 1 and 6. Five of these seven children had to be resuscitated at birth . Six children ( 33% ) showed evidence of neurologic disease when discharged ; five of these were resuscitated previously . Five children ( 28% ) including three full-term babies were developed normally . In conclusion , severe anemia with hemoglobin below 10 g/dl is very rare but serious . It seems necessary to optimize primary resuscitation by immediate transfusion and monitoring of central venous pressure by umbilical vein catheter . The prognosis can be influenced in a positive way . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: aim, retrospective study, incidence, etiology, prognosis, connatal, anemia, children, All, neonates, Gynecology, Obstetrics, University, neonates, birth weight, hemoglobin level, children, birth weight, incidence, cause, anemia, babies, newborns, fetomaternal transfusion, anemia, tumour, anemia, newborn, cause, child, EBV infection, trisomy, multiple malformations, children, hypovolemic shock, children, children, babies, newborn, trisomy, children, birth, children, disease, children, babies, anemia, hemoglobin, resuscitation, venous pressure, umbilical vein, catheter, prognosis Options: umlsterm
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The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the incidence , etiology and prognosis of severe connatal anemia in preterm and term children . All neonates born in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , University of Kiel , were included . In 18 of 18 367 ( 0.98 permil ) liveborn neonates ( birth weight 680-4050 g ; 26-41 weeks of gestation ) , the initial hemoglobin level was below 10 g/dl . In those children with birth weight below 2500 g the incidence was 6.8 permil . In 17 of 18 cases the cause of anemia could be clarified . In five preterm babies ( 28% ) an acute fetofetal transfusion and in three newborns a fetomaternal transfusion was responsible for the onset of anemia . In two cases there was Rh incompatibility , in two cases placental bleeding , and in another two cases fetal tumour bleeding caused the anemia . In one fully developed newborn there was severe disseminated intestinal bleeding of unknown cause . Another child suffered from EBV infection , and one had trisomy 13 with multiple malformations . Ten children ( 55% ) had to be resuscitated due to hypovolemic shock . Fifteen children were intubated and ventilated mechanically . Seven children ( 39% ) ; ( six preterm babies and the newborn with trisomy 13 ) died between days 1 and 6. Five of these seven children had to be resuscitated at birth . Six children ( 33% ) showed evidence of neurologic disease when discharged ; five of these were resuscitated previously . Five children ( 28% ) including three full-term babies were developed normally . In conclusion , severe anemia with hemoglobin below 10 g/dl is very rare but serious . It seems necessary to optimize primary resuscitation by immediate transfusion and monitoring of central venous pressure by umbilical vein catheter . The prognosis can be influenced in a positive way .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
aim, retrospective study, incidence, etiology, prognosis, connatal, anemia, children, All, neonates, Gynecology, Obstetrics, University, neonates, birth weight, hemoglobin level, children, birth weight, incidence, cause, anemia, babies, newborns, fetomaternal transfusion, anemia, tumour, anemia, newborn, cause, child, EBV infection, trisomy, multiple malformations, children, hypovolemic shock, children, children, babies, newborn, trisomy, children, birth, children, disease, children, babies, anemia, hemoglobin, resuscitation, venous pressure, umbilical vein, catheter, prognosis
PerinatalMedizin.60080088.eng.abstr_task2
Sentence: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the incidence , etiology and prognosis of severe connatal anemia in preterm and term children . All neonates born in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , University of Kiel , were included . In 18 of 18 367 ( 0.98 permil ) liveborn neonates ( birth weight 680-4050 g ; 26-41 weeks of gestation ) , the initial hemoglobin level was below 10 g/dl . In those children with birth weight below 2500 g the incidence was 6.8 permil . In 17 of 18 cases the cause of anemia could be clarified . In five preterm babies ( 28% ) an acute fetofetal transfusion and in three newborns a fetomaternal transfusion was responsible for the onset of anemia . In two cases there was Rh incompatibility , in two cases placental bleeding , and in another two cases fetal tumour bleeding caused the anemia . In one fully developed newborn there was severe disseminated intestinal bleeding of unknown cause . Another child suffered from EBV infection , and one had trisomy 13 with multiple malformations . Ten children ( 55% ) had to be resuscitated due to hypovolemic shock . Fifteen children were intubated and ventilated mechanically . Seven children ( 39% ) ; ( six preterm babies and the newborn with trisomy 13 ) died between days 1 and 6. Five of these seven children had to be resuscitated at birth . Six children ( 33% ) showed evidence of neurologic disease when discharged ; five of these were resuscitated previously . Five children ( 28% ) including three full-term babies were developed normally . In conclusion , severe anemia with hemoglobin below 10 g/dl is very rare but serious . It seems necessary to optimize primary resuscitation by immediate transfusion and monitoring of central venous pressure by umbilical vein catheter . The prognosis can be influenced in a positive way . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the incidence , etiology and prognosis of severe connatal anemia in preterm and term children . All neonates born in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , University of Kiel , were included . In 18 of 18 367 ( 0.98 permil ) liveborn neonates ( birth weight 680-4050 g ; 26-41 weeks of gestation ) , the initial hemoglobin level was below 10 g/dl . In those children with birth weight below 2500 g the incidence was 6.8 permil . In 17 of 18 cases the cause of anemia could be clarified . In five preterm babies ( 28% ) an acute fetofetal transfusion and in three newborns a fetomaternal transfusion was responsible for the onset of anemia . In two cases there was Rh incompatibility , in two cases placental bleeding , and in another two cases fetal tumour bleeding caused the anemia . In one fully developed newborn there was severe disseminated intestinal bleeding of unknown cause . Another child suffered from EBV infection , and one had trisomy 13 with multiple malformations . Ten children ( 55% ) had to be resuscitated due to hypovolemic shock . Fifteen children were intubated and ventilated mechanically . Seven children ( 39% ) ; ( six preterm babies and the newborn with trisomy 13 ) died between days 1 and 6. Five of these seven children had to be resuscitated at birth . Six children ( 33% ) showed evidence of neurologic disease when discharged ; five of these were resuscitated previously . Five children ( 28% ) including three full-term babies were developed normally . In conclusion , severe anemia with hemoglobin below 10 g/dl is very rare but serious . It seems necessary to optimize primary resuscitation by immediate transfusion and monitoring of central venous pressure by umbilical vein catheter . The prognosis can be influenced in a positive way .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
tumor is a Cancer, cancer is a Cancer, tumor is a Cancer, tumor is a Cancer, cellular is a Cell, endothelial cells is a Cell, basement membrane is a Cellular_component, endothelial cell is a Cell, prostate cancer PC-3 cells is a Cell, tumor is a Cancer
PMID-15034798_task0
Sentence: Role of thrombin in angiogenesis and tumor progression. Clinical, laboratory, histopathological, and pharmacological evidence support the notion that the coagulation system, which is activated in most cancer patients, plays an important role in tumor biology. Our laboratory has provided evidence that thrombin activates angiogenesis, a process which is essential in tumor growth and metastasis. This event is independent of fibrin formation. At the cellular level many actions of thrombin can contribute to activation of angiogenesis: (1). Thrombin decreases the ability of endothelial cells to attach to basement membrane proteins. (2). Thrombin greatly potentiates vascular endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-) induced endothelial cell proliferation. This potentiation is accompanied by up-regulation of the expression of VEGF receptors (kinase insert domain-containing receptor [KDR] and fms-like tyrosine kinase [Flt-1]). (3). Thrombin increases the mRNA and protein levels of alpha (v)beta (3) integrin and serves as a ligand to this receptor. Furthermore, thrombin increases the secretion of VEGF and enhances the expression and protein synthesis of matrix metalloprotease-9 and alpha (v)beta (3) integrin in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. These results could explain the angiogenic and tumor-promoting effect of thrombin and provide the basis for development of thrombin receptor mimetics or antagonists for therapeutic application. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Cancer, Cellular_component, Cell
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Role of thrombin in angiogenesis and tumor progression. Clinical, laboratory, histopathological, and pharmacological evidence support the notion that the coagulation system, which is activated in most cancer patients, plays an important role in tumor biology. Our laboratory has provided evidence that thrombin activates angiogenesis, a process which is essential in tumor growth and metastasis. This event is independent of fibrin formation. At the cellular level many actions of thrombin can contribute to activation of angiogenesis: (1). Thrombin decreases the ability of endothelial cells to attach to basement membrane proteins. (2). Thrombin greatly potentiates vascular endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-) induced endothelial cell proliferation. This potentiation is accompanied by up-regulation of the expression of VEGF receptors (kinase insert domain-containing receptor [KDR] and fms-like tyrosine kinase [Flt-1]). (3). Thrombin increases the mRNA and protein levels of alpha (v)beta (3) integrin and serves as a ligand to this receptor. Furthermore, thrombin increases the secretion of VEGF and enhances the expression and protein synthesis of matrix metalloprotease-9 and alpha (v)beta (3) integrin in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. These results could explain the angiogenic and tumor-promoting effect of thrombin and provide the basis for development of thrombin receptor mimetics or antagonists for therapeutic application.
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[ "Cell", "Cellular_component", "Cancer" ]
tumor is a Cancer, cancer is a Cancer, tumor is a Cancer, tumor is a Cancer, cellular is a Cell, endothelial cells is a Cell, basement membrane is a Cellular_component, endothelial cell is a Cell, prostate cancer PC-3 cells is a Cell, tumor is a Cancer
PMID-15034798_task1
Sentence: Role of thrombin in angiogenesis and tumor progression. Clinical, laboratory, histopathological, and pharmacological evidence support the notion that the coagulation system, which is activated in most cancer patients, plays an important role in tumor biology. Our laboratory has provided evidence that thrombin activates angiogenesis, a process which is essential in tumor growth and metastasis. This event is independent of fibrin formation. At the cellular level many actions of thrombin can contribute to activation of angiogenesis: (1). Thrombin decreases the ability of endothelial cells to attach to basement membrane proteins. (2). Thrombin greatly potentiates vascular endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-) induced endothelial cell proliferation. This potentiation is accompanied by up-regulation of the expression of VEGF receptors (kinase insert domain-containing receptor [KDR] and fms-like tyrosine kinase [Flt-1]). (3). Thrombin increases the mRNA and protein levels of alpha (v)beta (3) integrin and serves as a ligand to this receptor. Furthermore, thrombin increases the secretion of VEGF and enhances the expression and protein synthesis of matrix metalloprotease-9 and alpha (v)beta (3) integrin in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. These results could explain the angiogenic and tumor-promoting effect of thrombin and provide the basis for development of thrombin receptor mimetics or antagonists for therapeutic application. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: tumor, cancer, tumor, tumor, cellular, endothelial cells, basement membrane, endothelial cell, prostate cancer PC-3 cells, tumor Options: Cancer, Cellular_component, Cell
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Role of thrombin in angiogenesis and tumor progression. Clinical, laboratory, histopathological, and pharmacological evidence support the notion that the coagulation system, which is activated in most cancer patients, plays an important role in tumor biology. Our laboratory has provided evidence that thrombin activates angiogenesis, a process which is essential in tumor growth and metastasis. This event is independent of fibrin formation. At the cellular level many actions of thrombin can contribute to activation of angiogenesis: (1). Thrombin decreases the ability of endothelial cells to attach to basement membrane proteins. (2). Thrombin greatly potentiates vascular endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-) induced endothelial cell proliferation. This potentiation is accompanied by up-regulation of the expression of VEGF receptors (kinase insert domain-containing receptor [KDR] and fms-like tyrosine kinase [Flt-1]). (3). Thrombin increases the mRNA and protein levels of alpha (v)beta (3) integrin and serves as a ligand to this receptor. Furthermore, thrombin increases the secretion of VEGF and enhances the expression and protein synthesis of matrix metalloprotease-9 and alpha (v)beta (3) integrin in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. These results could explain the angiogenic and tumor-promoting effect of thrombin and provide the basis for development of thrombin receptor mimetics or antagonists for therapeutic application.
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[ "Cell", "Cellular_component", "Cancer" ]
tumor, cancer, tumor, tumor, cellular, endothelial cells, basement membrane, endothelial cell, prostate cancer PC-3 cells, tumor
PMID-15034798_task2
Sentence: Role of thrombin in angiogenesis and tumor progression. Clinical, laboratory, histopathological, and pharmacological evidence support the notion that the coagulation system, which is activated in most cancer patients, plays an important role in tumor biology. Our laboratory has provided evidence that thrombin activates angiogenesis, a process which is essential in tumor growth and metastasis. This event is independent of fibrin formation. At the cellular level many actions of thrombin can contribute to activation of angiogenesis: (1). Thrombin decreases the ability of endothelial cells to attach to basement membrane proteins. (2). Thrombin greatly potentiates vascular endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-) induced endothelial cell proliferation. This potentiation is accompanied by up-regulation of the expression of VEGF receptors (kinase insert domain-containing receptor [KDR] and fms-like tyrosine kinase [Flt-1]). (3). Thrombin increases the mRNA and protein levels of alpha (v)beta (3) integrin and serves as a ligand to this receptor. Furthermore, thrombin increases the secretion of VEGF and enhances the expression and protein synthesis of matrix metalloprotease-9 and alpha (v)beta (3) integrin in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. These results could explain the angiogenic and tumor-promoting effect of thrombin and provide the basis for development of thrombin receptor mimetics or antagonists for therapeutic application. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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Role of thrombin in angiogenesis and tumor progression. Clinical, laboratory, histopathological, and pharmacological evidence support the notion that the coagulation system, which is activated in most cancer patients, plays an important role in tumor biology. Our laboratory has provided evidence that thrombin activates angiogenesis, a process which is essential in tumor growth and metastasis. This event is independent of fibrin formation. At the cellular level many actions of thrombin can contribute to activation of angiogenesis: (1). Thrombin decreases the ability of endothelial cells to attach to basement membrane proteins. (2). Thrombin greatly potentiates vascular endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-) induced endothelial cell proliferation. This potentiation is accompanied by up-regulation of the expression of VEGF receptors (kinase insert domain-containing receptor [KDR] and fms-like tyrosine kinase [Flt-1]). (3). Thrombin increases the mRNA and protein levels of alpha (v)beta (3) integrin and serves as a ligand to this receptor. Furthermore, thrombin increases the secretion of VEGF and enhances the expression and protein synthesis of matrix metalloprotease-9 and alpha (v)beta (3) integrin in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. These results could explain the angiogenic and tumor-promoting effect of thrombin and provide the basis for development of thrombin receptor mimetics or antagonists for therapeutic application.
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[ "Cell", "Cellular_component", "Cancer" ]
Supravalvular aortic stenosis is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, ventricular outflow obstruction is an umlsterm, adults is an umlsterm, defect is an umlsterm, anomalies is an umlsterm, Williams syndrome is an umlsterm, mental retardation is an umlsterm, anomalies is an umlsterm, defect is an umlsterm, elastin is an umlsterm, gene is an umlsterm
ZfuerKardiologie.00890199.eng.abstr_task0
Sentence: Supravalvular aortic stenosis is a rare cause of left ventricular outflow obstruction in adults . It occurs as an isolated defect sporadically or on a hereditary basis with an autosomal dominant trait without further phenotypical anomalies , or as part of the Williams syndrome with mental retardation and multiple other anomalies . This lesion was proved to result from a defect of the elastin coding gene . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm
[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]
Supravalvular aortic stenosis is a rare cause of left ventricular outflow obstruction in adults . It occurs as an isolated defect sporadically or on a hereditary basis with an autosomal dominant trait without further phenotypical anomalies , or as part of the Williams syndrome with mental retardation and multiple other anomalies . This lesion was proved to result from a defect of the elastin coding gene .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
Supravalvular aortic stenosis is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, ventricular outflow obstruction is an umlsterm, adults is an umlsterm, defect is an umlsterm, anomalies is an umlsterm, Williams syndrome is an umlsterm, mental retardation is an umlsterm, anomalies is an umlsterm, defect is an umlsterm, elastin is an umlsterm, gene is an umlsterm
ZfuerKardiologie.00890199.eng.abstr_task1
Sentence: Supravalvular aortic stenosis is a rare cause of left ventricular outflow obstruction in adults . It occurs as an isolated defect sporadically or on a hereditary basis with an autosomal dominant trait without further phenotypical anomalies , or as part of the Williams syndrome with mental retardation and multiple other anomalies . This lesion was proved to result from a defect of the elastin coding gene . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Supravalvular aortic stenosis, cause, ventricular outflow obstruction, adults, defect, anomalies, Williams syndrome, mental retardation, anomalies, defect, elastin, gene Options: umlsterm
[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]
Supravalvular aortic stenosis is a rare cause of left ventricular outflow obstruction in adults . It occurs as an isolated defect sporadically or on a hereditary basis with an autosomal dominant trait without further phenotypical anomalies , or as part of the Williams syndrome with mental retardation and multiple other anomalies . This lesion was proved to result from a defect of the elastin coding gene .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
Supravalvular aortic stenosis, cause, ventricular outflow obstruction, adults, defect, anomalies, Williams syndrome, mental retardation, anomalies, defect, elastin, gene
ZfuerKardiologie.00890199.eng.abstr_task2
Sentence: Supravalvular aortic stenosis is a rare cause of left ventricular outflow obstruction in adults . It occurs as an isolated defect sporadically or on a hereditary basis with an autosomal dominant trait without further phenotypical anomalies , or as part of the Williams syndrome with mental retardation and multiple other anomalies . This lesion was proved to result from a defect of the elastin coding gene . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]
Supravalvular aortic stenosis is a rare cause of left ventricular outflow obstruction in adults . It occurs as an isolated defect sporadically or on a hereditary basis with an autosomal dominant trait without further phenotypical anomalies , or as part of the Williams syndrome with mental retardation and multiple other anomalies . This lesion was proved to result from a defect of the elastin coding gene .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
role is an umlsterm, medical education is an umlsterm, continuing education is an umlsterm, emergency medicine is an umlsterm, medical education is an umlsterm, continuing education is an umlsterm, anesthesia is an umlsterm, training is an umlsterm, human is an umlsterm, proven is an umlsterm, development is an umlsterm, training is an umlsterm, Germany is an umlsterm
DerAnaesthesist.90480433.eng.abstr_task0
Sentence: Simulation has gained an important role in medical education and continuing education in the field of anaesthesia and emergency medicine . This article gives background information on how full-scale simulators are applied in medical education as well as in continuing education for advanced anesthesia and scientific applications . Acceptance of training seems enhanced by inclusion of the human factor aspect , since this has proven to be a major source for the development of critical situations in our specialty . Furthermore , drawbacks of the simulators available and the current training availability in Germany is described . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O" ]
Simulation has gained an important role in medical education and continuing education in the field of anaesthesia and emergency medicine . This article gives background information on how full-scale simulators are applied in medical education as well as in continuing education for advanced anesthesia and scientific applications . Acceptance of training seems enhanced by inclusion of the human factor aspect , since this has proven to be a major source for the development of critical situations in our specialty . Furthermore , drawbacks of the simulators available and the current training availability in Germany is described .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
role is an umlsterm, medical education is an umlsterm, continuing education is an umlsterm, emergency medicine is an umlsterm, medical education is an umlsterm, continuing education is an umlsterm, anesthesia is an umlsterm, training is an umlsterm, human is an umlsterm, proven is an umlsterm, development is an umlsterm, training is an umlsterm, Germany is an umlsterm
DerAnaesthesist.90480433.eng.abstr_task1
Sentence: Simulation has gained an important role in medical education and continuing education in the field of anaesthesia and emergency medicine . This article gives background information on how full-scale simulators are applied in medical education as well as in continuing education for advanced anesthesia and scientific applications . Acceptance of training seems enhanced by inclusion of the human factor aspect , since this has proven to be a major source for the development of critical situations in our specialty . Furthermore , drawbacks of the simulators available and the current training availability in Germany is described . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: role, medical education, continuing education, emergency medicine, medical education, continuing education, anesthesia, training, human, proven, development, training, Germany Options: umlsterm
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O" ]
Simulation has gained an important role in medical education and continuing education in the field of anaesthesia and emergency medicine . This article gives background information on how full-scale simulators are applied in medical education as well as in continuing education for advanced anesthesia and scientific applications . Acceptance of training seems enhanced by inclusion of the human factor aspect , since this has proven to be a major source for the development of critical situations in our specialty . Furthermore , drawbacks of the simulators available and the current training availability in Germany is described .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
role, medical education, continuing education, emergency medicine, medical education, continuing education, anesthesia, training, human, proven, development, training, Germany
DerAnaesthesist.90480433.eng.abstr_task2
Sentence: Simulation has gained an important role in medical education and continuing education in the field of anaesthesia and emergency medicine . This article gives background information on how full-scale simulators are applied in medical education as well as in continuing education for advanced anesthesia and scientific applications . Acceptance of training seems enhanced by inclusion of the human factor aspect , since this has proven to be a major source for the development of critical situations in our specialty . Furthermore , drawbacks of the simulators available and the current training availability in Germany is described . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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Simulation has gained an important role in medical education and continuing education in the field of anaesthesia and emergency medicine . This article gives background information on how full-scale simulators are applied in medical education as well as in continuing education for advanced anesthesia and scientific applications . Acceptance of training seems enhanced by inclusion of the human factor aspect , since this has proven to be a major source for the development of critical situations in our specialty . Furthermore , drawbacks of the simulators available and the current training availability in Germany is described .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
fractures is an umlsterm, femur is an umlsterm, Trauma Center is an umlsterm, University is an umlsterm, Germany is an umlsterm, All is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, injuries is an umlsterm, direct is an umlsterm, trauma is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, posterior is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, injuries is an umlsterm, open fracture is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, injuries is an umlsterm, skeleton is an umlsterm, All is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, screws is an umlsterm, Postoperative is an umlsterm, passive motion is an umlsterm, therapeutic outcome is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, injuries is an umlsterm, Open is an umlsterm, screw is an umlsterm, femur fractures is an umlsterm, overall is an umlsterm, therapeutic outcome is an umlsterm, injuries is an umlsterm, skeleton is an umlsterm
DerChirurg.70680072.eng.abstr_task0
Sentence: Twenty-nine unicondylar fractures of the distal femur were treated at the Trauma Center " Bergmannsheil " , University of Bochum , Germany , between 1981 and 1994. All patients sustained their injuries from severe direct trauma . There were 16 lateral condylar fractures , 7 medial condylar fractures and 6 tangential posterior ( " Hoffa-type " ) fractures . Twenty-eight closed injuries and 1 grade IIIB open fracture were included . Eleven patients sustained concomitant injuries to the skeleton . All fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation with screws within 8 h of admission . Postoperative management consisted of early continuous passive motion and minimal weight-bearing for 6-8 weeks , progressing to full weight-bearing . The mean follow-up was 68 months ( 18-120 ) . The therapeutic outcome ( clinical result , radiographs ) was rated by the Neer score . Twenty-seven patients were available for follow-up examination . Of these , 23 were rated as excellent . 3 achieved satisfactory results , and 1 had an unsatisfactory result . All patients who did not achieve an excellent outcome had had accompanying injuries . Open reduction and internal screw fixation of unicondylar femur fractures provided overall excellent long-term results . The therapeutic outcome was significantly affected by associated injuries of the skeleton . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm
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Twenty-nine unicondylar fractures of the distal femur were treated at the Trauma Center " Bergmannsheil " , University of Bochum , Germany , between 1981 and 1994. All patients sustained their injuries from severe direct trauma . There were 16 lateral condylar fractures , 7 medial condylar fractures and 6 tangential posterior ( " Hoffa-type " ) fractures . Twenty-eight closed injuries and 1 grade IIIB open fracture were included . Eleven patients sustained concomitant injuries to the skeleton . All fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation with screws within 8 h of admission . Postoperative management consisted of early continuous passive motion and minimal weight-bearing for 6-8 weeks , progressing to full weight-bearing . The mean follow-up was 68 months ( 18-120 ) . The therapeutic outcome ( clinical result , radiographs ) was rated by the Neer score . Twenty-seven patients were available for follow-up examination . Of these , 23 were rated as excellent . 3 achieved satisfactory results , and 1 had an unsatisfactory result . All patients who did not achieve an excellent outcome had had accompanying injuries . Open reduction and internal screw fixation of unicondylar femur fractures provided overall excellent long-term results . The therapeutic outcome was significantly affected by associated injuries of the skeleton .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
fractures is an umlsterm, femur is an umlsterm, Trauma Center is an umlsterm, University is an umlsterm, Germany is an umlsterm, All is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, injuries is an umlsterm, direct is an umlsterm, trauma is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, posterior is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, injuries is an umlsterm, open fracture is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, injuries is an umlsterm, skeleton is an umlsterm, All is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, screws is an umlsterm, Postoperative is an umlsterm, passive motion is an umlsterm, therapeutic outcome is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, injuries is an umlsterm, Open is an umlsterm, screw is an umlsterm, femur fractures is an umlsterm, overall is an umlsterm, therapeutic outcome is an umlsterm, injuries is an umlsterm, skeleton is an umlsterm
DerChirurg.70680072.eng.abstr_task1
Sentence: Twenty-nine unicondylar fractures of the distal femur were treated at the Trauma Center " Bergmannsheil " , University of Bochum , Germany , between 1981 and 1994. All patients sustained their injuries from severe direct trauma . There were 16 lateral condylar fractures , 7 medial condylar fractures and 6 tangential posterior ( " Hoffa-type " ) fractures . Twenty-eight closed injuries and 1 grade IIIB open fracture were included . Eleven patients sustained concomitant injuries to the skeleton . All fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation with screws within 8 h of admission . Postoperative management consisted of early continuous passive motion and minimal weight-bearing for 6-8 weeks , progressing to full weight-bearing . The mean follow-up was 68 months ( 18-120 ) . The therapeutic outcome ( clinical result , radiographs ) was rated by the Neer score . Twenty-seven patients were available for follow-up examination . Of these , 23 were rated as excellent . 3 achieved satisfactory results , and 1 had an unsatisfactory result . All patients who did not achieve an excellent outcome had had accompanying injuries . Open reduction and internal screw fixation of unicondylar femur fractures provided overall excellent long-term results . The therapeutic outcome was significantly affected by associated injuries of the skeleton . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: fractures, femur, Trauma Center, University, Germany, All, patients, injuries, direct, trauma, fractures, fractures, posterior, fractures, injuries, open fracture, patients, injuries, skeleton, All, fractures, open, screws, Postoperative, passive motion, therapeutic outcome, patients, patients, injuries, Open, screw, femur fractures, overall, therapeutic outcome, injuries, skeleton Options: umlsterm
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Twenty-nine unicondylar fractures of the distal femur were treated at the Trauma Center " Bergmannsheil " , University of Bochum , Germany , between 1981 and 1994. All patients sustained their injuries from severe direct trauma . There were 16 lateral condylar fractures , 7 medial condylar fractures and 6 tangential posterior ( " Hoffa-type " ) fractures . Twenty-eight closed injuries and 1 grade IIIB open fracture were included . Eleven patients sustained concomitant injuries to the skeleton . All fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation with screws within 8 h of admission . Postoperative management consisted of early continuous passive motion and minimal weight-bearing for 6-8 weeks , progressing to full weight-bearing . The mean follow-up was 68 months ( 18-120 ) . The therapeutic outcome ( clinical result , radiographs ) was rated by the Neer score . Twenty-seven patients were available for follow-up examination . Of these , 23 were rated as excellent . 3 achieved satisfactory results , and 1 had an unsatisfactory result . All patients who did not achieve an excellent outcome had had accompanying injuries . Open reduction and internal screw fixation of unicondylar femur fractures provided overall excellent long-term results . The therapeutic outcome was significantly affected by associated injuries of the skeleton .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
fractures, femur, Trauma Center, University, Germany, All, patients, injuries, direct, trauma, fractures, fractures, posterior, fractures, injuries, open fracture, patients, injuries, skeleton, All, fractures, open, screws, Postoperative, passive motion, therapeutic outcome, patients, patients, injuries, Open, screw, femur fractures, overall, therapeutic outcome, injuries, skeleton
DerChirurg.70680072.eng.abstr_task2
Sentence: Twenty-nine unicondylar fractures of the distal femur were treated at the Trauma Center " Bergmannsheil " , University of Bochum , Germany , between 1981 and 1994. All patients sustained their injuries from severe direct trauma . There were 16 lateral condylar fractures , 7 medial condylar fractures and 6 tangential posterior ( " Hoffa-type " ) fractures . Twenty-eight closed injuries and 1 grade IIIB open fracture were included . Eleven patients sustained concomitant injuries to the skeleton . All fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation with screws within 8 h of admission . Postoperative management consisted of early continuous passive motion and minimal weight-bearing for 6-8 weeks , progressing to full weight-bearing . The mean follow-up was 68 months ( 18-120 ) . The therapeutic outcome ( clinical result , radiographs ) was rated by the Neer score . Twenty-seven patients were available for follow-up examination . Of these , 23 were rated as excellent . 3 achieved satisfactory results , and 1 had an unsatisfactory result . All patients who did not achieve an excellent outcome had had accompanying injuries . Open reduction and internal screw fixation of unicondylar femur fractures provided overall excellent long-term results . The therapeutic outcome was significantly affected by associated injuries of the skeleton . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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Twenty-nine unicondylar fractures of the distal femur were treated at the Trauma Center " Bergmannsheil " , University of Bochum , Germany , between 1981 and 1994. All patients sustained their injuries from severe direct trauma . There were 16 lateral condylar fractures , 7 medial condylar fractures and 6 tangential posterior ( " Hoffa-type " ) fractures . Twenty-eight closed injuries and 1 grade IIIB open fracture were included . Eleven patients sustained concomitant injuries to the skeleton . All fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation with screws within 8 h of admission . Postoperative management consisted of early continuous passive motion and minimal weight-bearing for 6-8 weeks , progressing to full weight-bearing . The mean follow-up was 68 months ( 18-120 ) . The therapeutic outcome ( clinical result , radiographs ) was rated by the Neer score . Twenty-seven patients were available for follow-up examination . Of these , 23 were rated as excellent . 3 achieved satisfactory results , and 1 had an unsatisfactory result . All patients who did not achieve an excellent outcome had had accompanying injuries . Open reduction and internal screw fixation of unicondylar femur fractures provided overall excellent long-term results . The therapeutic outcome was significantly affected by associated injuries of the skeleton .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, vascular endothelial growth factor is a Gene_or_gene_product, squamous cell carcinoma is a Pathological_formation, esophagus is a Organ, cancers is a Pathological_formation, p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, cell is a Cell, solid tumor is a Pathological_formation, Vascular endothelial growth factor is a Gene_or_gene_product, VEGF is a Gene_or_gene_product, tumor is a Pathological_formation, p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, VEGF is a Gene_or_gene_product, esophageal carcinoma is a Pathological_formation, patients is a Organism, squamous cell carcinoma is a Pathological_formation, SCC is a Pathological_formation, esophagus is a Organ, VEGF is a Gene_or_gene_product, p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, tumors is a Pathological_formation, p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, VEGF is a Gene_or_gene_product, tumors is a Pathological_formation, p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, VEGF is a Gene_or_gene_product, p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, VEGF is a Gene_or_gene_product, p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, VEGF is a Gene_or_gene_product, p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, VEGF is a Gene_or_gene_product, patients is a Organism, SCC is a Pathological_formation, esophagus is a Organ
8_task0
Sentence: Prognostic value of p53 protein expression and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in resected squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. The most common genetic alterations found in a wide variety of cancers are p53 tumor suppressor gene mutations. p53 appears to be a nuclear transcription factor that plays a role in the control of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the maintenance of genetic stability. Angiogenesis is a critical process in solid tumor growth and metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a recently identified growth factor with significant angiogenic properties, may be a major tumor angiogenesis regulator. Few studies have investigated the association between p53 and VEGF expressions and prognosis in esophageal carcinoma. Forty-seven specimens resected from patients with stage II and III squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus were studied using immunohistochemical staining. VEGF and p53 expressions were observed in 40% and 53% of the tumors, respectively. The p53 and VEGF staining statuses were coincident in only 21% of the tumors, and no significant correlation was found between p53 and VEGF statuses. No clinicopathologic factors were significantly correlated with p53 or VEGF expression. No significant association between p53 and VEGF expressions and poor prognosis was found. In conclusion, p53 and VEGF were not correlated with prognosis in patients with stage II and III SCC of the esophagus. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Organ, Pathological_formation, Organism, Gene_or_gene_product, Cell
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Prognostic value of p53 protein expression and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in resected squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. The most common genetic alterations found in a wide variety of cancers are p53 tumor suppressor gene mutations. p53 appears to be a nuclear transcription factor that plays a role in the control of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the maintenance of genetic stability. Angiogenesis is a critical process in solid tumor growth and metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a recently identified growth factor with significant angiogenic properties, may be a major tumor angiogenesis regulator. Few studies have investigated the association between p53 and VEGF expressions and prognosis in esophageal carcinoma. Forty-seven specimens resected from patients with stage II and III squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus were studied using immunohistochemical staining. VEGF and p53 expressions were observed in 40% and 53% of the tumors, respectively. The p53 and VEGF staining statuses were coincident in only 21% of the tumors, and no significant correlation was found between p53 and VEGF statuses. No clinicopathologic factors were significantly correlated with p53 or VEGF expression. No significant association between p53 and VEGF expressions and poor prognosis was found. In conclusion, p53 and VEGF were not correlated with prognosis in patients with stage II and III SCC of the esophagus.
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[ "Gene_or_gene_product", "Pathological_formation", "Organ", "Organism", "Cell" ]
p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, vascular endothelial growth factor is a Gene_or_gene_product, squamous cell carcinoma is a Pathological_formation, esophagus is a Organ, cancers is a Pathological_formation, p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, cell is a Cell, solid tumor is a Pathological_formation, Vascular endothelial growth factor is a Gene_or_gene_product, VEGF is a Gene_or_gene_product, tumor is a Pathological_formation, p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, VEGF is a Gene_or_gene_product, esophageal carcinoma is a Pathological_formation, patients is a Organism, squamous cell carcinoma is a Pathological_formation, SCC is a Pathological_formation, esophagus is a Organ, VEGF is a Gene_or_gene_product, p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, tumors is a Pathological_formation, p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, VEGF is a Gene_or_gene_product, tumors is a Pathological_formation, p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, VEGF is a Gene_or_gene_product, p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, VEGF is a Gene_or_gene_product, p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, VEGF is a Gene_or_gene_product, p53 is a Gene_or_gene_product, VEGF is a Gene_or_gene_product, patients is a Organism, SCC is a Pathological_formation, esophagus is a Organ
8_task1
Sentence: Prognostic value of p53 protein expression and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in resected squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. The most common genetic alterations found in a wide variety of cancers are p53 tumor suppressor gene mutations. p53 appears to be a nuclear transcription factor that plays a role in the control of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the maintenance of genetic stability. Angiogenesis is a critical process in solid tumor growth and metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a recently identified growth factor with significant angiogenic properties, may be a major tumor angiogenesis regulator. Few studies have investigated the association between p53 and VEGF expressions and prognosis in esophageal carcinoma. Forty-seven specimens resected from patients with stage II and III squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus were studied using immunohistochemical staining. VEGF and p53 expressions were observed in 40% and 53% of the tumors, respectively. The p53 and VEGF staining statuses were coincident in only 21% of the tumors, and no significant correlation was found between p53 and VEGF statuses. No clinicopathologic factors were significantly correlated with p53 or VEGF expression. No significant association between p53 and VEGF expressions and poor prognosis was found. In conclusion, p53 and VEGF were not correlated with prognosis in patients with stage II and III SCC of the esophagus. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: p53, vascular endothelial growth factor, squamous cell carcinoma, esophagus, cancers, p53, p53, cell, solid tumor, Vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF, tumor, p53, VEGF, esophageal carcinoma, patients, squamous cell carcinoma, SCC, esophagus, VEGF, p53, tumors, p53, VEGF, tumors, p53, VEGF, p53, VEGF, p53, VEGF, p53, VEGF, patients, SCC, esophagus Options: Organ, Pathological_formation, Organism, Gene_or_gene_product, Cell
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Prognostic value of p53 protein expression and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in resected squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. The most common genetic alterations found in a wide variety of cancers are p53 tumor suppressor gene mutations. p53 appears to be a nuclear transcription factor that plays a role in the control of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the maintenance of genetic stability. Angiogenesis is a critical process in solid tumor growth and metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a recently identified growth factor with significant angiogenic properties, may be a major tumor angiogenesis regulator. Few studies have investigated the association between p53 and VEGF expressions and prognosis in esophageal carcinoma. Forty-seven specimens resected from patients with stage II and III squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus were studied using immunohistochemical staining. VEGF and p53 expressions were observed in 40% and 53% of the tumors, respectively. The p53 and VEGF staining statuses were coincident in only 21% of the tumors, and no significant correlation was found between p53 and VEGF statuses. No clinicopathologic factors were significantly correlated with p53 or VEGF expression. No significant association between p53 and VEGF expressions and poor prognosis was found. In conclusion, p53 and VEGF were not correlated with prognosis in patients with stage II and III SCC of the esophagus.
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[ "Gene_or_gene_product", "Pathological_formation", "Organ", "Organism", "Cell" ]
p53, vascular endothelial growth factor, squamous cell carcinoma, esophagus, cancers, p53, p53, cell, solid tumor, Vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF, tumor, p53, VEGF, esophageal carcinoma, patients, squamous cell carcinoma, SCC, esophagus, VEGF, p53, tumors, p53, VEGF, tumors, p53, VEGF, p53, VEGF, p53, VEGF, p53, VEGF, patients, SCC, esophagus
8_task2
Sentence: Prognostic value of p53 protein expression and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in resected squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. The most common genetic alterations found in a wide variety of cancers are p53 tumor suppressor gene mutations. p53 appears to be a nuclear transcription factor that plays a role in the control of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the maintenance of genetic stability. Angiogenesis is a critical process in solid tumor growth and metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a recently identified growth factor with significant angiogenic properties, may be a major tumor angiogenesis regulator. Few studies have investigated the association between p53 and VEGF expressions and prognosis in esophageal carcinoma. Forty-seven specimens resected from patients with stage II and III squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus were studied using immunohistochemical staining. VEGF and p53 expressions were observed in 40% and 53% of the tumors, respectively. The p53 and VEGF staining statuses were coincident in only 21% of the tumors, and no significant correlation was found between p53 and VEGF statuses. No clinicopathologic factors were significantly correlated with p53 or VEGF expression. No significant association between p53 and VEGF expressions and poor prognosis was found. In conclusion, p53 and VEGF were not correlated with prognosis in patients with stage II and III SCC of the esophagus. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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Prognostic value of p53 protein expression and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in resected squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. The most common genetic alterations found in a wide variety of cancers are p53 tumor suppressor gene mutations. p53 appears to be a nuclear transcription factor that plays a role in the control of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the maintenance of genetic stability. Angiogenesis is a critical process in solid tumor growth and metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a recently identified growth factor with significant angiogenic properties, may be a major tumor angiogenesis regulator. Few studies have investigated the association between p53 and VEGF expressions and prognosis in esophageal carcinoma. Forty-seven specimens resected from patients with stage II and III squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus were studied using immunohistochemical staining. VEGF and p53 expressions were observed in 40% and 53% of the tumors, respectively. The p53 and VEGF staining statuses were coincident in only 21% of the tumors, and no significant correlation was found between p53 and VEGF statuses. No clinicopathologic factors were significantly correlated with p53 or VEGF expression. No significant association between p53 and VEGF expressions and poor prognosis was found. In conclusion, p53 and VEGF were not correlated with prognosis in patients with stage II and III SCC of the esophagus.
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[ "Gene_or_gene_product", "Pathological_formation", "Organ", "Organism", "Cell" ]
NF - kappaB is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, tyrosine is a Entity, Tumor necrosis factor alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, nuclear factor - kappa B is a Entity, NF - kappaB is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, tyrosine is a Entity, NF - kappaB is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, serine is a Entity, / threonine is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, NF - kappaB is a Entity, DNA is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, DNA is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, DNA is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein
215_task0
Sentence: LPS-Induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes are protein tyrosine kinase dependent and protein kinase C independent. BACKGROUND: Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is an important mediator of septic shock. Endotoxin (LPS) signal transduction in human monocytes leads to activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) and TNF-alpha release. Previous studies have implicated activation of both protein kinase C (PKC) and protein tyrosine kinases (PTK) in LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha production. We hypothesized that inhibition of either PKC or PTK would decrease LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human monocytes were stimulated with PMA (50 ng/ml) alone or LPS (100 ng/ml) with and without a nonspecific serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine (Stauro), a specific pan-PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide (Bis), or an inhibitor of PTK genistein (Gen). TNF-alpha release in culture supernatants was measured by an ELISA. NF-kappaB DNA binding was evaluated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. RESULTS: LPS increased NF-kappaB DNA binding and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes. Nonspecific protein kinase inhibition inhibited NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release, while specific PKC inhibition with Bis had no effect on LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding or TNF-alpha release. PTK inhibition with Gen attenuated both LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding and TNF-alpha production in human monocytes. Direct activation of PKC with PMA induced both NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha production by human monocytes. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes are independent of PKC activity. Furthermore, our results provide evidence that PTK plays a role in LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes and thus could be a potential therapeutic target in inflammatory states. Copyright 1999 Academic Press. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Entity, Protein
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LPS-Induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes are protein tyrosine kinase dependent and protein kinase C independent. BACKGROUND: Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is an important mediator of septic shock. Endotoxin (LPS) signal transduction in human monocytes leads to activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) and TNF-alpha release. Previous studies have implicated activation of both protein kinase C (PKC) and protein tyrosine kinases (PTK) in LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha production. We hypothesized that inhibition of either PKC or PTK would decrease LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human monocytes were stimulated with PMA (50 ng/ml) alone or LPS (100 ng/ml) with and without a nonspecific serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine (Stauro), a specific pan-PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide (Bis), or an inhibitor of PTK genistein (Gen). TNF-alpha release in culture supernatants was measured by an ELISA. NF-kappaB DNA binding was evaluated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. RESULTS: LPS increased NF-kappaB DNA binding and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes. Nonspecific protein kinase inhibition inhibited NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release, while specific PKC inhibition with Bis had no effect on LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding or TNF-alpha release. PTK inhibition with Gen attenuated both LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding and TNF-alpha production in human monocytes. Direct activation of PKC with PMA induced both NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha production by human monocytes. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes are independent of PKC activity. Furthermore, our results provide evidence that PTK plays a role in LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes and thus could be a potential therapeutic target in inflammatory states. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.
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[ "Protein", "Entity" ]
NF - kappaB is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, tyrosine is a Entity, Tumor necrosis factor alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, nuclear factor - kappa B is a Entity, NF - kappaB is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, tyrosine is a Entity, NF - kappaB is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, serine is a Entity, / threonine is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, NF - kappaB is a Entity, DNA is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, DNA is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, DNA is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, TNF - alpha is a Protein
215_task1
Sentence: LPS-Induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes are protein tyrosine kinase dependent and protein kinase C independent. BACKGROUND: Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is an important mediator of septic shock. Endotoxin (LPS) signal transduction in human monocytes leads to activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) and TNF-alpha release. Previous studies have implicated activation of both protein kinase C (PKC) and protein tyrosine kinases (PTK) in LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha production. We hypothesized that inhibition of either PKC or PTK would decrease LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human monocytes were stimulated with PMA (50 ng/ml) alone or LPS (100 ng/ml) with and without a nonspecific serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine (Stauro), a specific pan-PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide (Bis), or an inhibitor of PTK genistein (Gen). TNF-alpha release in culture supernatants was measured by an ELISA. NF-kappaB DNA binding was evaluated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. RESULTS: LPS increased NF-kappaB DNA binding and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes. Nonspecific protein kinase inhibition inhibited NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release, while specific PKC inhibition with Bis had no effect on LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding or TNF-alpha release. PTK inhibition with Gen attenuated both LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding and TNF-alpha production in human monocytes. Direct activation of PKC with PMA induced both NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha production by human monocytes. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes are independent of PKC activity. Furthermore, our results provide evidence that PTK plays a role in LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes and thus could be a potential therapeutic target in inflammatory states. Copyright 1999 Academic Press. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: NF - kappaB, TNF - alpha, tyrosine, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNF - alpha, nuclear factor - kappa B, NF - kappaB, TNF - alpha, tyrosine, NF - kappaB, TNF - alpha, NF - kappaB, TNF - alpha, serine, / threonine, TNF - alpha, NF - kappaB, NF - kappaB, DNA, TNF - alpha, NF - kappaB, TNF - alpha, NF - kappaB, DNA, TNF - alpha, NF - kappaB, DNA, TNF - alpha, NF - kappaB, TNF - alpha, NF - kappaB, TNF - alpha, NF - kappaB, TNF - alpha Options: Entity, Protein
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LPS-Induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes are protein tyrosine kinase dependent and protein kinase C independent. BACKGROUND: Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is an important mediator of septic shock. Endotoxin (LPS) signal transduction in human monocytes leads to activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) and TNF-alpha release. Previous studies have implicated activation of both protein kinase C (PKC) and protein tyrosine kinases (PTK) in LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha production. We hypothesized that inhibition of either PKC or PTK would decrease LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human monocytes were stimulated with PMA (50 ng/ml) alone or LPS (100 ng/ml) with and without a nonspecific serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine (Stauro), a specific pan-PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide (Bis), or an inhibitor of PTK genistein (Gen). TNF-alpha release in culture supernatants was measured by an ELISA. NF-kappaB DNA binding was evaluated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. RESULTS: LPS increased NF-kappaB DNA binding and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes. Nonspecific protein kinase inhibition inhibited NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release, while specific PKC inhibition with Bis had no effect on LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding or TNF-alpha release. PTK inhibition with Gen attenuated both LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding and TNF-alpha production in human monocytes. Direct activation of PKC with PMA induced both NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha production by human monocytes. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes are independent of PKC activity. Furthermore, our results provide evidence that PTK plays a role in LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes and thus could be a potential therapeutic target in inflammatory states. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.
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[ "Protein", "Entity" ]
NF - kappaB, TNF - alpha, tyrosine, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNF - alpha, nuclear factor - kappa B, NF - kappaB, TNF - alpha, tyrosine, NF - kappaB, TNF - alpha, NF - kappaB, TNF - alpha, serine, / threonine, TNF - alpha, NF - kappaB, NF - kappaB, DNA, TNF - alpha, NF - kappaB, TNF - alpha, NF - kappaB, DNA, TNF - alpha, NF - kappaB, DNA, TNF - alpha, NF - kappaB, TNF - alpha, NF - kappaB, TNF - alpha, NF - kappaB, TNF - alpha
215_task2
Sentence: LPS-Induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes are protein tyrosine kinase dependent and protein kinase C independent. BACKGROUND: Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is an important mediator of septic shock. Endotoxin (LPS) signal transduction in human monocytes leads to activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) and TNF-alpha release. Previous studies have implicated activation of both protein kinase C (PKC) and protein tyrosine kinases (PTK) in LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha production. We hypothesized that inhibition of either PKC or PTK would decrease LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human monocytes were stimulated with PMA (50 ng/ml) alone or LPS (100 ng/ml) with and without a nonspecific serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine (Stauro), a specific pan-PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide (Bis), or an inhibitor of PTK genistein (Gen). TNF-alpha release in culture supernatants was measured by an ELISA. NF-kappaB DNA binding was evaluated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. RESULTS: LPS increased NF-kappaB DNA binding and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes. Nonspecific protein kinase inhibition inhibited NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release, while specific PKC inhibition with Bis had no effect on LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding or TNF-alpha release. PTK inhibition with Gen attenuated both LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding and TNF-alpha production in human monocytes. Direct activation of PKC with PMA induced both NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha production by human monocytes. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes are independent of PKC activity. Furthermore, our results provide evidence that PTK plays a role in LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes and thus could be a potential therapeutic target in inflammatory states. Copyright 1999 Academic Press. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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LPS-Induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes are protein tyrosine kinase dependent and protein kinase C independent. BACKGROUND: Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is an important mediator of septic shock. Endotoxin (LPS) signal transduction in human monocytes leads to activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) and TNF-alpha release. Previous studies have implicated activation of both protein kinase C (PKC) and protein tyrosine kinases (PTK) in LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha production. We hypothesized that inhibition of either PKC or PTK would decrease LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human monocytes were stimulated with PMA (50 ng/ml) alone or LPS (100 ng/ml) with and without a nonspecific serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine (Stauro), a specific pan-PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide (Bis), or an inhibitor of PTK genistein (Gen). TNF-alpha release in culture supernatants was measured by an ELISA. NF-kappaB DNA binding was evaluated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. RESULTS: LPS increased NF-kappaB DNA binding and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes. Nonspecific protein kinase inhibition inhibited NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release, while specific PKC inhibition with Bis had no effect on LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding or TNF-alpha release. PTK inhibition with Gen attenuated both LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding and TNF-alpha production in human monocytes. Direct activation of PKC with PMA induced both NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha production by human monocytes. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes are independent of PKC activity. Furthermore, our results provide evidence that PTK plays a role in LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha release in human monocytes and thus could be a potential therapeutic target in inflammatory states. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.
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[ "Protein", "Entity" ]
Midazolam is a Intervention_Pharmacological, ondansetron is a Intervention_Pharmacological, postoperative nausea and vomiting is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, midazolam is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 90 patients is a Participant_Sample-size, minor gynaecological ( hysteroscopy ) or urological ( ureteroscopy ) procedures is a Participant_Condition, sevoflurane anaesthesia is a Participant_Condition, Midazolam 2 mg is a Intervention_Pharmacological, ondansetron 4 mg is a Intervention_Pharmacological, no significant differences is a Outcome_Other, average sedation scores is a Outcome_Physical, pain scores is a Outcome_Physical
29009_task0
Sentence: Midazolam vs ondansetron for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting : a randomised controlled trial . We compared the prophylactic anti-emetic efficacy of midazolam and ondansetron in 90 patients scheduled for minor gynaecological ( hysteroscopy ) or urological ( ureteroscopy ) procedures planned to last 1-2 h under sevoflurane anaesthesia with spontaneous ventilation of the lungs via a laryngeal mask airway . Midazolam 2 mg or ondansetron 4 mg were administered intravenously 30 min before the end of surgery . The proportions of patients who experienced postoperative nausea and vomiting in the first 24 h ( 30 % and 27 % for the midazolam and ondansetron groups , respectively ) were similar in the two groups . The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was significantly smaller in both groups than predicted according to the patients ' underlying risks ( midazolam group : p = 0.018 ; ondansetron group : p = 0.017 ) . There were no significant differences in average sedation scores or pain scores . Treatment using ondansetron for anti-emetic prophylaxis did not provide a superior benefit compared to midazolam in the present study . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other
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Midazolam vs ondansetron for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting : a randomised controlled trial . We compared the prophylactic anti-emetic efficacy of midazolam and ondansetron in 90 patients scheduled for minor gynaecological ( hysteroscopy ) or urological ( ureteroscopy ) procedures planned to last 1-2 h under sevoflurane anaesthesia with spontaneous ventilation of the lungs via a laryngeal mask airway . Midazolam 2 mg or ondansetron 4 mg were administered intravenously 30 min before the end of surgery . The proportions of patients who experienced postoperative nausea and vomiting in the first 24 h ( 30 % and 27 % for the midazolam and ondansetron groups , respectively ) were similar in the two groups . The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was significantly smaller in both groups than predicted according to the patients ' underlying risks ( midazolam group : p = 0.018 ; ondansetron group : p = 0.017 ) . There were no significant differences in average sedation scores or pain scores . Treatment using ondansetron for anti-emetic prophylaxis did not provide a superior benefit compared to midazolam in the present study .
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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
Midazolam is a Intervention_Pharmacological, ondansetron is a Intervention_Pharmacological, postoperative nausea and vomiting is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, midazolam is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 90 patients is a Participant_Sample-size, minor gynaecological ( hysteroscopy ) or urological ( ureteroscopy ) procedures is a Participant_Condition, sevoflurane anaesthesia is a Participant_Condition, Midazolam 2 mg is a Intervention_Pharmacological, ondansetron 4 mg is a Intervention_Pharmacological, no significant differences is a Outcome_Other, average sedation scores is a Outcome_Physical, pain scores is a Outcome_Physical
29009_task1
Sentence: Midazolam vs ondansetron for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting : a randomised controlled trial . We compared the prophylactic anti-emetic efficacy of midazolam and ondansetron in 90 patients scheduled for minor gynaecological ( hysteroscopy ) or urological ( ureteroscopy ) procedures planned to last 1-2 h under sevoflurane anaesthesia with spontaneous ventilation of the lungs via a laryngeal mask airway . Midazolam 2 mg or ondansetron 4 mg were administered intravenously 30 min before the end of surgery . The proportions of patients who experienced postoperative nausea and vomiting in the first 24 h ( 30 % and 27 % for the midazolam and ondansetron groups , respectively ) were similar in the two groups . The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was significantly smaller in both groups than predicted according to the patients ' underlying risks ( midazolam group : p = 0.018 ; ondansetron group : p = 0.017 ) . There were no significant differences in average sedation scores or pain scores . Treatment using ondansetron for anti-emetic prophylaxis did not provide a superior benefit compared to midazolam in the present study . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Midazolam, ondansetron, postoperative nausea and vomiting, midazolam, 90 patients, minor gynaecological ( hysteroscopy ) or urological ( ureteroscopy ) procedures, sevoflurane anaesthesia, Midazolam 2 mg, ondansetron 4 mg, no significant differences, average sedation scores, pain scores Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other
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Midazolam vs ondansetron for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting : a randomised controlled trial . We compared the prophylactic anti-emetic efficacy of midazolam and ondansetron in 90 patients scheduled for minor gynaecological ( hysteroscopy ) or urological ( ureteroscopy ) procedures planned to last 1-2 h under sevoflurane anaesthesia with spontaneous ventilation of the lungs via a laryngeal mask airway . Midazolam 2 mg or ondansetron 4 mg were administered intravenously 30 min before the end of surgery . The proportions of patients who experienced postoperative nausea and vomiting in the first 24 h ( 30 % and 27 % for the midazolam and ondansetron groups , respectively ) were similar in the two groups . The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was significantly smaller in both groups than predicted according to the patients ' underlying risks ( midazolam group : p = 0.018 ; ondansetron group : p = 0.017 ) . There were no significant differences in average sedation scores or pain scores . Treatment using ondansetron for anti-emetic prophylaxis did not provide a superior benefit compared to midazolam in the present study .
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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
Midazolam, ondansetron, postoperative nausea and vomiting, midazolam, 90 patients, minor gynaecological ( hysteroscopy ) or urological ( ureteroscopy ) procedures, sevoflurane anaesthesia, Midazolam 2 mg, ondansetron 4 mg, no significant differences, average sedation scores, pain scores
29009_task2
Sentence: Midazolam vs ondansetron for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting : a randomised controlled trial . We compared the prophylactic anti-emetic efficacy of midazolam and ondansetron in 90 patients scheduled for minor gynaecological ( hysteroscopy ) or urological ( ureteroscopy ) procedures planned to last 1-2 h under sevoflurane anaesthesia with spontaneous ventilation of the lungs via a laryngeal mask airway . Midazolam 2 mg or ondansetron 4 mg were administered intravenously 30 min before the end of surgery . The proportions of patients who experienced postoperative nausea and vomiting in the first 24 h ( 30 % and 27 % for the midazolam and ondansetron groups , respectively ) were similar in the two groups . The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was significantly smaller in both groups than predicted according to the patients ' underlying risks ( midazolam group : p = 0.018 ; ondansetron group : p = 0.017 ) . There were no significant differences in average sedation scores or pain scores . Treatment using ondansetron for anti-emetic prophylaxis did not provide a superior benefit compared to midazolam in the present study . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]
Midazolam vs ondansetron for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting : a randomised controlled trial . We compared the prophylactic anti-emetic efficacy of midazolam and ondansetron in 90 patients scheduled for minor gynaecological ( hysteroscopy ) or urological ( ureteroscopy ) procedures planned to last 1-2 h under sevoflurane anaesthesia with spontaneous ventilation of the lungs via a laryngeal mask airway . Midazolam 2 mg or ondansetron 4 mg were administered intravenously 30 min before the end of surgery . The proportions of patients who experienced postoperative nausea and vomiting in the first 24 h ( 30 % and 27 % for the midazolam and ondansetron groups , respectively ) were similar in the two groups . The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was significantly smaller in both groups than predicted according to the patients ' underlying risks ( midazolam group : p = 0.018 ; ondansetron group : p = 0.017 ) . There were no significant differences in average sedation scores or pain scores . Treatment using ondansetron for anti-emetic prophylaxis did not provide a superior benefit compared to midazolam in the present study .
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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
Lanthanum carbonate ( Fosrenol ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, efficacy and tolerability is a Outcome_Other, serum phosphorus levels is a Outcome_Physical, calcium is a Outcome_Physical, lanthanum carbonate treatment is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, the profile of serum phosphorus during titration and parathyroid hormone is a Outcome_Physical, calcium x phosphorus ( Ca x P ) product levels is a Outcome_Physical, safety and tolerability of lanthanum carbonate is a Outcome_Other, adverse events is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, Mean serum phosphorus level is a Outcome_Physical, lanthanum carbonate - treated is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Ca x P product levels is a Outcome_Physical, tolerated is a Outcome_Other, serious adverse event is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, effective is a Outcome_Other, well - tolerated is a Outcome_Other
22304_task0
Sentence: Lanthanum carbonate ( Fosrenol ) efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of hyperphosphatemic patients with end-stage renal disease . AIMS High serum phosphorus levels are a common problem in patients receiving long-term dialysis treatment . Lanthanum carbonate ( Fosrenol ) is a new non-aluminum , non-calcium phosphate binder developed for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in patients with end-stage renal disease ( ESRD ) . We report data from a recent trial , which , for the first time , assessed the efficacy and tolerability of lanthanum carbonate treatment , compared with placebo , in Chinese patients with ESRD . PATIENTS AND METHODS Following a one- to three-week washout phase and a four-week , open-label lanthanum carbonate dose-titration phase , male and female hemodialysis patients were randomized ( 1:1 ) to receive either lanthanum carbonate or placebo for four weeks . The primary efficacy parameter of the study was the control of serum phosphorus levels ( < or =1.8 mmol/l [ < or = 5.6 mg/dl ] ) . Secondary endpoints included the profile of serum phosphorus during titration and parathyroid hormone , calcium , and calcium x phosphorus ( Ca x P ) product levels . The safety and tolerability of lanthanum carbonate were assessed by monitoring adverse events throughout the study . RESULTS Mean serum phosphorus level at the end of washout was 2.5 +/- 0.5 mmol/l ( 7.7 +/- 1.5 mg/dl ; n=73 ) , and there was no evidence of a difference in levels between the treatment groups pre-randomization . At the end of the study , lanthanum carbonate-treated patients had significantly lower phosphorus levels ( 1.6 +/- 0.5 mmol/l [ 5.1 +/- 1.5 mg/dl ] ; n=30 ) than those receiving placebo ( 2.3 +/- 0.4 mmol/l [ 7.2 +/- 1.3 mg/dl ] ; n=31 ; p < 0.001 ) . In addition , a significantly higher proportion of patients receiving lanthanum carbonate had controlled serum phosphorus levels ( 60 % ) compared with the placebo group ( 10 % ; p < 0.001 ) . Ca x P product levels were also significantly lower in the lanthanum carbonate group at the end of randomized treatment ( p < 0.001 ) . Lanthanum carbonate was well tolerated ; only one serious adverse event was reported , which was unrelated to treatment . CONCLUSIONS Lanthanum carbonate was shown to be an effective and well-tolerated phosphate binder for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in Chinese patients with ESRD . This finding supports the results of previous US and European studies , which have also shown that lanthanum carbonate treatment effectively controls serum phosphorus levels . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Intervention_Control, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other
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Lanthanum carbonate ( Fosrenol ) efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of hyperphosphatemic patients with end-stage renal disease . AIMS High serum phosphorus levels are a common problem in patients receiving long-term dialysis treatment . Lanthanum carbonate ( Fosrenol ) is a new non-aluminum , non-calcium phosphate binder developed for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in patients with end-stage renal disease ( ESRD ) . We report data from a recent trial , which , for the first time , assessed the efficacy and tolerability of lanthanum carbonate treatment , compared with placebo , in Chinese patients with ESRD . PATIENTS AND METHODS Following a one- to three-week washout phase and a four-week , open-label lanthanum carbonate dose-titration phase , male and female hemodialysis patients were randomized ( 1:1 ) to receive either lanthanum carbonate or placebo for four weeks . The primary efficacy parameter of the study was the control of serum phosphorus levels ( < or =1.8 mmol/l [ < or = 5.6 mg/dl ] ) . Secondary endpoints included the profile of serum phosphorus during titration and parathyroid hormone , calcium , and calcium x phosphorus ( Ca x P ) product levels . The safety and tolerability of lanthanum carbonate were assessed by monitoring adverse events throughout the study . RESULTS Mean serum phosphorus level at the end of washout was 2.5 +/- 0.5 mmol/l ( 7.7 +/- 1.5 mg/dl ; n=73 ) , and there was no evidence of a difference in levels between the treatment groups pre-randomization . At the end of the study , lanthanum carbonate-treated patients had significantly lower phosphorus levels ( 1.6 +/- 0.5 mmol/l [ 5.1 +/- 1.5 mg/dl ] ; n=30 ) than those receiving placebo ( 2.3 +/- 0.4 mmol/l [ 7.2 +/- 1.3 mg/dl ] ; n=31 ; p < 0.001 ) . In addition , a significantly higher proportion of patients receiving lanthanum carbonate had controlled serum phosphorus levels ( 60 % ) compared with the placebo group ( 10 % ; p < 0.001 ) . Ca x P product levels were also significantly lower in the lanthanum carbonate group at the end of randomized treatment ( p < 0.001 ) . Lanthanum carbonate was well tolerated ; only one serious adverse event was reported , which was unrelated to treatment . CONCLUSIONS Lanthanum carbonate was shown to be an effective and well-tolerated phosphate binder for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in Chinese patients with ESRD . This finding supports the results of previous US and European studies , which have also shown that lanthanum carbonate treatment effectively controls serum phosphorus levels .
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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Intervention_Control" ]
Lanthanum carbonate ( Fosrenol ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, efficacy and tolerability is a Outcome_Other, serum phosphorus levels is a Outcome_Physical, calcium is a Outcome_Physical, lanthanum carbonate treatment is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, the profile of serum phosphorus during titration and parathyroid hormone is a Outcome_Physical, calcium x phosphorus ( Ca x P ) product levels is a Outcome_Physical, safety and tolerability of lanthanum carbonate is a Outcome_Other, adverse events is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, Mean serum phosphorus level is a Outcome_Physical, lanthanum carbonate - treated is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Ca x P product levels is a Outcome_Physical, tolerated is a Outcome_Other, serious adverse event is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, effective is a Outcome_Other, well - tolerated is a Outcome_Other
22304_task1
Sentence: Lanthanum carbonate ( Fosrenol ) efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of hyperphosphatemic patients with end-stage renal disease . AIMS High serum phosphorus levels are a common problem in patients receiving long-term dialysis treatment . Lanthanum carbonate ( Fosrenol ) is a new non-aluminum , non-calcium phosphate binder developed for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in patients with end-stage renal disease ( ESRD ) . We report data from a recent trial , which , for the first time , assessed the efficacy and tolerability of lanthanum carbonate treatment , compared with placebo , in Chinese patients with ESRD . PATIENTS AND METHODS Following a one- to three-week washout phase and a four-week , open-label lanthanum carbonate dose-titration phase , male and female hemodialysis patients were randomized ( 1:1 ) to receive either lanthanum carbonate or placebo for four weeks . The primary efficacy parameter of the study was the control of serum phosphorus levels ( < or =1.8 mmol/l [ < or = 5.6 mg/dl ] ) . Secondary endpoints included the profile of serum phosphorus during titration and parathyroid hormone , calcium , and calcium x phosphorus ( Ca x P ) product levels . The safety and tolerability of lanthanum carbonate were assessed by monitoring adverse events throughout the study . RESULTS Mean serum phosphorus level at the end of washout was 2.5 +/- 0.5 mmol/l ( 7.7 +/- 1.5 mg/dl ; n=73 ) , and there was no evidence of a difference in levels between the treatment groups pre-randomization . At the end of the study , lanthanum carbonate-treated patients had significantly lower phosphorus levels ( 1.6 +/- 0.5 mmol/l [ 5.1 +/- 1.5 mg/dl ] ; n=30 ) than those receiving placebo ( 2.3 +/- 0.4 mmol/l [ 7.2 +/- 1.3 mg/dl ] ; n=31 ; p < 0.001 ) . In addition , a significantly higher proportion of patients receiving lanthanum carbonate had controlled serum phosphorus levels ( 60 % ) compared with the placebo group ( 10 % ; p < 0.001 ) . Ca x P product levels were also significantly lower in the lanthanum carbonate group at the end of randomized treatment ( p < 0.001 ) . Lanthanum carbonate was well tolerated ; only one serious adverse event was reported , which was unrelated to treatment . CONCLUSIONS Lanthanum carbonate was shown to be an effective and well-tolerated phosphate binder for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in Chinese patients with ESRD . This finding supports the results of previous US and European studies , which have also shown that lanthanum carbonate treatment effectively controls serum phosphorus levels . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Lanthanum carbonate ( Fosrenol ), efficacy and tolerability, serum phosphorus levels, calcium, lanthanum carbonate treatment, placebo, the profile of serum phosphorus during titration and parathyroid hormone, calcium x phosphorus ( Ca x P ) product levels, safety and tolerability of lanthanum carbonate, adverse events, Mean serum phosphorus level, lanthanum carbonate - treated, Ca x P product levels, tolerated, serious adverse event, effective, well - tolerated Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Intervention_Control, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other
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Lanthanum carbonate ( Fosrenol ) efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of hyperphosphatemic patients with end-stage renal disease . AIMS High serum phosphorus levels are a common problem in patients receiving long-term dialysis treatment . Lanthanum carbonate ( Fosrenol ) is a new non-aluminum , non-calcium phosphate binder developed for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in patients with end-stage renal disease ( ESRD ) . We report data from a recent trial , which , for the first time , assessed the efficacy and tolerability of lanthanum carbonate treatment , compared with placebo , in Chinese patients with ESRD . PATIENTS AND METHODS Following a one- to three-week washout phase and a four-week , open-label lanthanum carbonate dose-titration phase , male and female hemodialysis patients were randomized ( 1:1 ) to receive either lanthanum carbonate or placebo for four weeks . The primary efficacy parameter of the study was the control of serum phosphorus levels ( < or =1.8 mmol/l [ < or = 5.6 mg/dl ] ) . Secondary endpoints included the profile of serum phosphorus during titration and parathyroid hormone , calcium , and calcium x phosphorus ( Ca x P ) product levels . The safety and tolerability of lanthanum carbonate were assessed by monitoring adverse events throughout the study . RESULTS Mean serum phosphorus level at the end of washout was 2.5 +/- 0.5 mmol/l ( 7.7 +/- 1.5 mg/dl ; n=73 ) , and there was no evidence of a difference in levels between the treatment groups pre-randomization . At the end of the study , lanthanum carbonate-treated patients had significantly lower phosphorus levels ( 1.6 +/- 0.5 mmol/l [ 5.1 +/- 1.5 mg/dl ] ; n=30 ) than those receiving placebo ( 2.3 +/- 0.4 mmol/l [ 7.2 +/- 1.3 mg/dl ] ; n=31 ; p < 0.001 ) . In addition , a significantly higher proportion of patients receiving lanthanum carbonate had controlled serum phosphorus levels ( 60 % ) compared with the placebo group ( 10 % ; p < 0.001 ) . Ca x P product levels were also significantly lower in the lanthanum carbonate group at the end of randomized treatment ( p < 0.001 ) . Lanthanum carbonate was well tolerated ; only one serious adverse event was reported , which was unrelated to treatment . CONCLUSIONS Lanthanum carbonate was shown to be an effective and well-tolerated phosphate binder for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in Chinese patients with ESRD . This finding supports the results of previous US and European studies , which have also shown that lanthanum carbonate treatment effectively controls serum phosphorus levels .
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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Intervention_Control" ]
Lanthanum carbonate ( Fosrenol ), efficacy and tolerability, serum phosphorus levels, calcium, lanthanum carbonate treatment, placebo, the profile of serum phosphorus during titration and parathyroid hormone, calcium x phosphorus ( Ca x P ) product levels, safety and tolerability of lanthanum carbonate, adverse events, Mean serum phosphorus level, lanthanum carbonate - treated, Ca x P product levels, tolerated, serious adverse event, effective, well - tolerated
22304_task2
Sentence: Lanthanum carbonate ( Fosrenol ) efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of hyperphosphatemic patients with end-stage renal disease . AIMS High serum phosphorus levels are a common problem in patients receiving long-term dialysis treatment . Lanthanum carbonate ( Fosrenol ) is a new non-aluminum , non-calcium phosphate binder developed for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in patients with end-stage renal disease ( ESRD ) . We report data from a recent trial , which , for the first time , assessed the efficacy and tolerability of lanthanum carbonate treatment , compared with placebo , in Chinese patients with ESRD . PATIENTS AND METHODS Following a one- to three-week washout phase and a four-week , open-label lanthanum carbonate dose-titration phase , male and female hemodialysis patients were randomized ( 1:1 ) to receive either lanthanum carbonate or placebo for four weeks . The primary efficacy parameter of the study was the control of serum phosphorus levels ( < or =1.8 mmol/l [ < or = 5.6 mg/dl ] ) . Secondary endpoints included the profile of serum phosphorus during titration and parathyroid hormone , calcium , and calcium x phosphorus ( Ca x P ) product levels . The safety and tolerability of lanthanum carbonate were assessed by monitoring adverse events throughout the study . RESULTS Mean serum phosphorus level at the end of washout was 2.5 +/- 0.5 mmol/l ( 7.7 +/- 1.5 mg/dl ; n=73 ) , and there was no evidence of a difference in levels between the treatment groups pre-randomization . At the end of the study , lanthanum carbonate-treated patients had significantly lower phosphorus levels ( 1.6 +/- 0.5 mmol/l [ 5.1 +/- 1.5 mg/dl ] ; n=30 ) than those receiving placebo ( 2.3 +/- 0.4 mmol/l [ 7.2 +/- 1.3 mg/dl ] ; n=31 ; p < 0.001 ) . In addition , a significantly higher proportion of patients receiving lanthanum carbonate had controlled serum phosphorus levels ( 60 % ) compared with the placebo group ( 10 % ; p < 0.001 ) . Ca x P product levels were also significantly lower in the lanthanum carbonate group at the end of randomized treatment ( p < 0.001 ) . Lanthanum carbonate was well tolerated ; only one serious adverse event was reported , which was unrelated to treatment . CONCLUSIONS Lanthanum carbonate was shown to be an effective and well-tolerated phosphate binder for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in Chinese patients with ESRD . This finding supports the results of previous US and European studies , which have also shown that lanthanum carbonate treatment effectively controls serum phosphorus levels . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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Lanthanum carbonate ( Fosrenol ) efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of hyperphosphatemic patients with end-stage renal disease . AIMS High serum phosphorus levels are a common problem in patients receiving long-term dialysis treatment . Lanthanum carbonate ( Fosrenol ) is a new non-aluminum , non-calcium phosphate binder developed for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in patients with end-stage renal disease ( ESRD ) . We report data from a recent trial , which , for the first time , assessed the efficacy and tolerability of lanthanum carbonate treatment , compared with placebo , in Chinese patients with ESRD . PATIENTS AND METHODS Following a one- to three-week washout phase and a four-week , open-label lanthanum carbonate dose-titration phase , male and female hemodialysis patients were randomized ( 1:1 ) to receive either lanthanum carbonate or placebo for four weeks . The primary efficacy parameter of the study was the control of serum phosphorus levels ( < or =1.8 mmol/l [ < or = 5.6 mg/dl ] ) . Secondary endpoints included the profile of serum phosphorus during titration and parathyroid hormone , calcium , and calcium x phosphorus ( Ca x P ) product levels . The safety and tolerability of lanthanum carbonate were assessed by monitoring adverse events throughout the study . RESULTS Mean serum phosphorus level at the end of washout was 2.5 +/- 0.5 mmol/l ( 7.7 +/- 1.5 mg/dl ; n=73 ) , and there was no evidence of a difference in levels between the treatment groups pre-randomization . At the end of the study , lanthanum carbonate-treated patients had significantly lower phosphorus levels ( 1.6 +/- 0.5 mmol/l [ 5.1 +/- 1.5 mg/dl ] ; n=30 ) than those receiving placebo ( 2.3 +/- 0.4 mmol/l [ 7.2 +/- 1.3 mg/dl ] ; n=31 ; p < 0.001 ) . In addition , a significantly higher proportion of patients receiving lanthanum carbonate had controlled serum phosphorus levels ( 60 % ) compared with the placebo group ( 10 % ; p < 0.001 ) . Ca x P product levels were also significantly lower in the lanthanum carbonate group at the end of randomized treatment ( p < 0.001 ) . Lanthanum carbonate was well tolerated ; only one serious adverse event was reported , which was unrelated to treatment . CONCLUSIONS Lanthanum carbonate was shown to be an effective and well-tolerated phosphate binder for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in Chinese patients with ESRD . This finding supports the results of previous US and European studies , which have also shown that lanthanum carbonate treatment effectively controls serum phosphorus levels .
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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Intervention_Control" ]
cáncer de sigma estadio IV cT3N1bM1 is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, implantes peritoneales is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenocarcinoma de sigma pT3N2b ( 7/20 ) M1 ( enfermedad hepática bilobar ) de bajo grado is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, progresión hepática is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, progresión ósea is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesión en pala ilíaca izquierda is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, masa de partes blandas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, enfermedad hepática is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, nódulo pulmonar is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, carcinoma colorrectal metastásico is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Progresión hepática is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenocarcinoma colorrectal metastásico is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, carcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoral is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA
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Sentence: Anamnesis Varón de 68 años de edad, natural de Extremadura pero viviendo en Mallorca, casado y con una hija. Como único antecedente patológico de interés presenta diabetes mellitus (DM) tipo 2 desde 2010 en tratamiento con metformina con buen control glucémico y sin complicaciones. Diagnosticado en Marzo de 2014 de cáncer de sigma estadio IV cT3N1bM1 (metástasis hepáticas y dudosos implantes peritoneales) con debut suboclusivo por lo que en Abril de 2014 se realiza sigmoidectomía laparoscópica y metastasectomía del segmento III. Con anatomía patológica de: adenocarcinoma de sigma pT3N2b (7/20) M1 (enfermedad hepática bilobar) de bajo grado, márgenes quirúrgicos libres y sin objetivar enfermedad peritoneal. Estudio molecular: KRAS WT, PI3K WT, BRAF WT, NRAS WT. En Junio de 2014 fue incluido en el ensayo clínico VISNU-1 siendo randomizado a la rama de FOLFOX-6+BVZ con buena tolerancia al mismo presentando en Septiembre de 2014 respuesta parcial radiológica por lo que se decide rescate quirúrgico de las metástasis hepáticas. En Octubre de 2014 se realiza embolización portal y en segundo tiempo (Noviembre de 2014) se realiza hepatectomía derecha. Como complicación presentó descompensación ascítico edematosa y deterioro del estado general que motivó no continuar tratamiento con QT complementaria. Salió del ensayo clínico e inició controles. En Abril de 2015 presenta progresión hepática y probable pulmonar 5 meses tras la cirugía y 6 meses tras el fin de la QT, por lo que habiendo recuperado el estado general (performance status de 1) inició nuevamente QT según esquema FOLFIRI con buena tolerancia clínica. En Agosto de 2015 presenta respuesta paradójica, con progresión ósea (lesión en pala ilíaca izquierda) con masa de partes blandas pero respuesta parcial de enfermedad hepática por lo que se añade al tratamiento cetuximab. Además realiza radioterapia (RT) antiálgica (20Gy, 5f entre el 7 y el 11 de Septiembre). La última QT administrada fue el 7 de Octubre de 2015. Tras 2 ciclos de tratamiento, ingresa en el hospital en Octubre de 2015 por una úlcera necrótica cutánea rápidamente progresiva en la región tibial anterior derecha a pesar de tratamiento local y sistémico con levofloxacino durante 7 días (la úlcera se había iniciado como una erosión cutánea 10 días antes). El paciente no refiere fiebre ni otros síntomas, tampoco había presentado traumatismo ni picadura de insecto. Exploración física A la exploración física destaca una úlcera necrótica cutánea en la región tibial anterior derecha que inicialmente presenta bordes eritematosos y fondo con detritus celulares y fibrina pero sin signos de sobreinfección. Resto de la exploración física anodina, sin otras lesiones cutáneas visibles. Pruebas complementarias En la analítica de sangre no presentaba elevación de reactantes de fase aguda y se solicitó hemoglobina glicada para descartar complicaciones derivadas de su DM, siendo la misma normal (6.5%). Se realizó una ecografía donde se objetivó celulitis, miositis probablemente infecciosa/inflamatoria. También se realizó ecografía doppler arterial que resultó normal. En la evolución del cuadro clínico se solicitó ecografía de control donde se evidenció celulitis inespecífica con miositis y fascitis superficial y profunda. Se realizaron diferentes biopsias con resultado de inflamación aguda inespecífica abscesificada (en una ocasión con una estructura fúngica PAS + sin repercusión clínica) con cultivo positivo para múltiples microorganismos orientado como contaminantes. Para completar el estudio, se solicitó una tomografía axial computerizada (TAC) toraco-abdomino-pélvica de reestadiaje donde se objetivó aparición de un nódulo pulmonar en el LSI y estabilidad de los otros dos nódulos descritos en estudios previos con mínima lengüeta de derrame pleural derecho así como crecimiento de metástasis ósea ilíaca izquierda y crecimiento de metástasis hepáticas (tamaño y número). Diagnóstico Pioderma gangrenoso como síndrome paraneoplásico de carcinoma colorrectal metastásico. Progresión hepática y ósea de adenocarcinoma colorrectal metastásico. Tratamiento Dada la complejidad del cuadro clínico requirió valoración multidisciplinar (Dermatología, Unidad de Sepsis, Microbiología, Anatomía Patológica, Cirugía General, Traumatología y Oncología). Se inició tratamiento con antibioterapia así como prednisona a dosis de 1mg/kg/día además de realizarse desbridamiento quirúrgico para evitar sobreinfección de la misma. Con estas medidas se consiguió como máxima respuesta, estabilización de la enfermedad. Dada la estabilidad del cuadro y con la sospecha de pioderma gangrenoso asociado a la progresión de carcinoma colorrectal, se decidió iniciar ciclosporina A a dosis de 5mg/kg/día con monitorización de función renal, iones y tensión arterial (por los efectos secundarios de la misma) presentando excelente respuesta clínica con reepitelización progresiva de la úlcera cutánea tras el inicio de la misma. Evolución A pesar de la mejoría progresiva de la úlcera cutánea necrótica, el paciente presentó deterioro del estado general con performance status de 3 que hizo desestimar tratamiento oncoespecífico dirigido a la causa del síndrome paraneoplásico (progresión de la enfermedad tumoral de base). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA
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Anamnesis Varón de 68 años de edad, natural de Extremadura pero viviendo en Mallorca, casado y con una hija. Como único antecedente patológico de interés presenta diabetes mellitus (DM) tipo 2 desde 2010 en tratamiento con metformina con buen control glucémico y sin complicaciones. Diagnosticado en Marzo de 2014 de cáncer de sigma estadio IV cT3N1bM1 (metástasis hepáticas y dudosos implantes peritoneales) con debut suboclusivo por lo que en Abril de 2014 se realiza sigmoidectomía laparoscópica y metastasectomía del segmento III. Con anatomía patológica de: adenocarcinoma de sigma pT3N2b (7/20) M1 (enfermedad hepática bilobar) de bajo grado, márgenes quirúrgicos libres y sin objetivar enfermedad peritoneal. Estudio molecular: KRAS WT, PI3K WT, BRAF WT, NRAS WT. En Junio de 2014 fue incluido en el ensayo clínico VISNU-1 siendo randomizado a la rama de FOLFOX-6+BVZ con buena tolerancia al mismo presentando en Septiembre de 2014 respuesta parcial radiológica por lo que se decide rescate quirúrgico de las metástasis hepáticas. En Octubre de 2014 se realiza embolización portal y en segundo tiempo (Noviembre de 2014) se realiza hepatectomía derecha. Como complicación presentó descompensación ascítico edematosa y deterioro del estado general que motivó no continuar tratamiento con QT complementaria. Salió del ensayo clínico e inició controles. En Abril de 2015 presenta progresión hepática y probable pulmonar 5 meses tras la cirugía y 6 meses tras el fin de la QT, por lo que habiendo recuperado el estado general (performance status de 1) inició nuevamente QT según esquema FOLFIRI con buena tolerancia clínica. En Agosto de 2015 presenta respuesta paradójica, con progresión ósea (lesión en pala ilíaca izquierda) con masa de partes blandas pero respuesta parcial de enfermedad hepática por lo que se añade al tratamiento cetuximab. Además realiza radioterapia (RT) antiálgica (20Gy, 5f entre el 7 y el 11 de Septiembre). La última QT administrada fue el 7 de Octubre de 2015. Tras 2 ciclos de tratamiento, ingresa en el hospital en Octubre de 2015 por una úlcera necrótica cutánea rápidamente progresiva en la región tibial anterior derecha a pesar de tratamiento local y sistémico con levofloxacino durante 7 días (la úlcera se había iniciado como una erosión cutánea 10 días antes). El paciente no refiere fiebre ni otros síntomas, tampoco había presentado traumatismo ni picadura de insecto. Exploración física A la exploración física destaca una úlcera necrótica cutánea en la región tibial anterior derecha que inicialmente presenta bordes eritematosos y fondo con detritus celulares y fibrina pero sin signos de sobreinfección. Resto de la exploración física anodina, sin otras lesiones cutáneas visibles. Pruebas complementarias En la analítica de sangre no presentaba elevación de reactantes de fase aguda y se solicitó hemoglobina glicada para descartar complicaciones derivadas de su DM, siendo la misma normal (6.5%). Se realizó una ecografía donde se objetivó celulitis, miositis probablemente infecciosa/inflamatoria. También se realizó ecografía doppler arterial que resultó normal. En la evolución del cuadro clínico se solicitó ecografía de control donde se evidenció celulitis inespecífica con miositis y fascitis superficial y profunda. Se realizaron diferentes biopsias con resultado de inflamación aguda inespecífica abscesificada (en una ocasión con una estructura fúngica PAS + sin repercusión clínica) con cultivo positivo para múltiples microorganismos orientado como contaminantes. Para completar el estudio, se solicitó una tomografía axial computerizada (TAC) toraco-abdomino-pélvica de reestadiaje donde se objetivó aparición de un nódulo pulmonar en el LSI y estabilidad de los otros dos nódulos descritos en estudios previos con mínima lengüeta de derrame pleural derecho así como crecimiento de metástasis ósea ilíaca izquierda y crecimiento de metástasis hepáticas (tamaño y número). Diagnóstico Pioderma gangrenoso como síndrome paraneoplásico de carcinoma colorrectal metastásico. Progresión hepática y ósea de adenocarcinoma colorrectal metastásico. Tratamiento Dada la complejidad del cuadro clínico requirió valoración multidisciplinar (Dermatología, Unidad de Sepsis, Microbiología, Anatomía Patológica, Cirugía General, Traumatología y Oncología). Se inició tratamiento con antibioterapia así como prednisona a dosis de 1mg/kg/día además de realizarse desbridamiento quirúrgico para evitar sobreinfección de la misma. Con estas medidas se consiguió como máxima respuesta, estabilización de la enfermedad. Dada la estabilidad del cuadro y con la sospecha de pioderma gangrenoso asociado a la progresión de carcinoma colorrectal, se decidió iniciar ciclosporina A a dosis de 5mg/kg/día con monitorización de función renal, iones y tensión arterial (por los efectos secundarios de la misma) presentando excelente respuesta clínica con reepitelización progresiva de la úlcera cutánea tras el inicio de la misma. Evolución A pesar de la mejoría progresiva de la úlcera cutánea necrótica, el paciente presentó deterioro del estado general con performance status de 3 que hizo desestimar tratamiento oncoespecífico dirigido a la causa del síndrome paraneoplásico (progresión de la enfermedad tumoral de base).
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[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]
cáncer de sigma estadio IV cT3N1bM1 is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, implantes peritoneales is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenocarcinoma de sigma pT3N2b ( 7/20 ) M1 ( enfermedad hepática bilobar ) de bajo grado is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, progresión hepática is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, progresión ósea is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesión en pala ilíaca izquierda is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, masa de partes blandas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, enfermedad hepática is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, nódulo pulmonar is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, carcinoma colorrectal metastásico is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Progresión hepática is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenocarcinoma colorrectal metastásico is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, carcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoral is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA
263_task1
Sentence: Anamnesis Varón de 68 años de edad, natural de Extremadura pero viviendo en Mallorca, casado y con una hija. Como único antecedente patológico de interés presenta diabetes mellitus (DM) tipo 2 desde 2010 en tratamiento con metformina con buen control glucémico y sin complicaciones. Diagnosticado en Marzo de 2014 de cáncer de sigma estadio IV cT3N1bM1 (metástasis hepáticas y dudosos implantes peritoneales) con debut suboclusivo por lo que en Abril de 2014 se realiza sigmoidectomía laparoscópica y metastasectomía del segmento III. Con anatomía patológica de: adenocarcinoma de sigma pT3N2b (7/20) M1 (enfermedad hepática bilobar) de bajo grado, márgenes quirúrgicos libres y sin objetivar enfermedad peritoneal. Estudio molecular: KRAS WT, PI3K WT, BRAF WT, NRAS WT. En Junio de 2014 fue incluido en el ensayo clínico VISNU-1 siendo randomizado a la rama de FOLFOX-6+BVZ con buena tolerancia al mismo presentando en Septiembre de 2014 respuesta parcial radiológica por lo que se decide rescate quirúrgico de las metástasis hepáticas. En Octubre de 2014 se realiza embolización portal y en segundo tiempo (Noviembre de 2014) se realiza hepatectomía derecha. Como complicación presentó descompensación ascítico edematosa y deterioro del estado general que motivó no continuar tratamiento con QT complementaria. Salió del ensayo clínico e inició controles. En Abril de 2015 presenta progresión hepática y probable pulmonar 5 meses tras la cirugía y 6 meses tras el fin de la QT, por lo que habiendo recuperado el estado general (performance status de 1) inició nuevamente QT según esquema FOLFIRI con buena tolerancia clínica. En Agosto de 2015 presenta respuesta paradójica, con progresión ósea (lesión en pala ilíaca izquierda) con masa de partes blandas pero respuesta parcial de enfermedad hepática por lo que se añade al tratamiento cetuximab. Además realiza radioterapia (RT) antiálgica (20Gy, 5f entre el 7 y el 11 de Septiembre). La última QT administrada fue el 7 de Octubre de 2015. Tras 2 ciclos de tratamiento, ingresa en el hospital en Octubre de 2015 por una úlcera necrótica cutánea rápidamente progresiva en la región tibial anterior derecha a pesar de tratamiento local y sistémico con levofloxacino durante 7 días (la úlcera se había iniciado como una erosión cutánea 10 días antes). El paciente no refiere fiebre ni otros síntomas, tampoco había presentado traumatismo ni picadura de insecto. Exploración física A la exploración física destaca una úlcera necrótica cutánea en la región tibial anterior derecha que inicialmente presenta bordes eritematosos y fondo con detritus celulares y fibrina pero sin signos de sobreinfección. Resto de la exploración física anodina, sin otras lesiones cutáneas visibles. Pruebas complementarias En la analítica de sangre no presentaba elevación de reactantes de fase aguda y se solicitó hemoglobina glicada para descartar complicaciones derivadas de su DM, siendo la misma normal (6.5%). Se realizó una ecografía donde se objetivó celulitis, miositis probablemente infecciosa/inflamatoria. También se realizó ecografía doppler arterial que resultó normal. En la evolución del cuadro clínico se solicitó ecografía de control donde se evidenció celulitis inespecífica con miositis y fascitis superficial y profunda. Se realizaron diferentes biopsias con resultado de inflamación aguda inespecífica abscesificada (en una ocasión con una estructura fúngica PAS + sin repercusión clínica) con cultivo positivo para múltiples microorganismos orientado como contaminantes. Para completar el estudio, se solicitó una tomografía axial computerizada (TAC) toraco-abdomino-pélvica de reestadiaje donde se objetivó aparición de un nódulo pulmonar en el LSI y estabilidad de los otros dos nódulos descritos en estudios previos con mínima lengüeta de derrame pleural derecho así como crecimiento de metástasis ósea ilíaca izquierda y crecimiento de metástasis hepáticas (tamaño y número). Diagnóstico Pioderma gangrenoso como síndrome paraneoplásico de carcinoma colorrectal metastásico. Progresión hepática y ósea de adenocarcinoma colorrectal metastásico. Tratamiento Dada la complejidad del cuadro clínico requirió valoración multidisciplinar (Dermatología, Unidad de Sepsis, Microbiología, Anatomía Patológica, Cirugía General, Traumatología y Oncología). Se inició tratamiento con antibioterapia así como prednisona a dosis de 1mg/kg/día además de realizarse desbridamiento quirúrgico para evitar sobreinfección de la misma. Con estas medidas se consiguió como máxima respuesta, estabilización de la enfermedad. Dada la estabilidad del cuadro y con la sospecha de pioderma gangrenoso asociado a la progresión de carcinoma colorrectal, se decidió iniciar ciclosporina A a dosis de 5mg/kg/día con monitorización de función renal, iones y tensión arterial (por los efectos secundarios de la misma) presentando excelente respuesta clínica con reepitelización progresiva de la úlcera cutánea tras el inicio de la misma. Evolución A pesar de la mejoría progresiva de la úlcera cutánea necrótica, el paciente presentó deterioro del estado general con performance status de 3 que hizo desestimar tratamiento oncoespecífico dirigido a la causa del síndrome paraneoplásico (progresión de la enfermedad tumoral de base). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cáncer de sigma estadio IV cT3N1bM1, metástasis, implantes peritoneales, adenocarcinoma de sigma pT3N2b ( 7/20 ) M1 ( enfermedad hepática bilobar ) de bajo grado, metástasis, progresión hepática, progresión ósea, lesión en pala ilíaca izquierda, masa de partes blandas, enfermedad hepática, nódulo pulmonar, metástasis, metástasis, carcinoma colorrectal metastásico, Progresión hepática, adenocarcinoma colorrectal metastásico, carcinoma, tumoral Options: MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA
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Anamnesis Varón de 68 años de edad, natural de Extremadura pero viviendo en Mallorca, casado y con una hija. Como único antecedente patológico de interés presenta diabetes mellitus (DM) tipo 2 desde 2010 en tratamiento con metformina con buen control glucémico y sin complicaciones. Diagnosticado en Marzo de 2014 de cáncer de sigma estadio IV cT3N1bM1 (metástasis hepáticas y dudosos implantes peritoneales) con debut suboclusivo por lo que en Abril de 2014 se realiza sigmoidectomía laparoscópica y metastasectomía del segmento III. Con anatomía patológica de: adenocarcinoma de sigma pT3N2b (7/20) M1 (enfermedad hepática bilobar) de bajo grado, márgenes quirúrgicos libres y sin objetivar enfermedad peritoneal. Estudio molecular: KRAS WT, PI3K WT, BRAF WT, NRAS WT. En Junio de 2014 fue incluido en el ensayo clínico VISNU-1 siendo randomizado a la rama de FOLFOX-6+BVZ con buena tolerancia al mismo presentando en Septiembre de 2014 respuesta parcial radiológica por lo que se decide rescate quirúrgico de las metástasis hepáticas. En Octubre de 2014 se realiza embolización portal y en segundo tiempo (Noviembre de 2014) se realiza hepatectomía derecha. Como complicación presentó descompensación ascítico edematosa y deterioro del estado general que motivó no continuar tratamiento con QT complementaria. Salió del ensayo clínico e inició controles. En Abril de 2015 presenta progresión hepática y probable pulmonar 5 meses tras la cirugía y 6 meses tras el fin de la QT, por lo que habiendo recuperado el estado general (performance status de 1) inició nuevamente QT según esquema FOLFIRI con buena tolerancia clínica. En Agosto de 2015 presenta respuesta paradójica, con progresión ósea (lesión en pala ilíaca izquierda) con masa de partes blandas pero respuesta parcial de enfermedad hepática por lo que se añade al tratamiento cetuximab. Además realiza radioterapia (RT) antiálgica (20Gy, 5f entre el 7 y el 11 de Septiembre). La última QT administrada fue el 7 de Octubre de 2015. Tras 2 ciclos de tratamiento, ingresa en el hospital en Octubre de 2015 por una úlcera necrótica cutánea rápidamente progresiva en la región tibial anterior derecha a pesar de tratamiento local y sistémico con levofloxacino durante 7 días (la úlcera se había iniciado como una erosión cutánea 10 días antes). El paciente no refiere fiebre ni otros síntomas, tampoco había presentado traumatismo ni picadura de insecto. Exploración física A la exploración física destaca una úlcera necrótica cutánea en la región tibial anterior derecha que inicialmente presenta bordes eritematosos y fondo con detritus celulares y fibrina pero sin signos de sobreinfección. Resto de la exploración física anodina, sin otras lesiones cutáneas visibles. Pruebas complementarias En la analítica de sangre no presentaba elevación de reactantes de fase aguda y se solicitó hemoglobina glicada para descartar complicaciones derivadas de su DM, siendo la misma normal (6.5%). Se realizó una ecografía donde se objetivó celulitis, miositis probablemente infecciosa/inflamatoria. También se realizó ecografía doppler arterial que resultó normal. En la evolución del cuadro clínico se solicitó ecografía de control donde se evidenció celulitis inespecífica con miositis y fascitis superficial y profunda. Se realizaron diferentes biopsias con resultado de inflamación aguda inespecífica abscesificada (en una ocasión con una estructura fúngica PAS + sin repercusión clínica) con cultivo positivo para múltiples microorganismos orientado como contaminantes. Para completar el estudio, se solicitó una tomografía axial computerizada (TAC) toraco-abdomino-pélvica de reestadiaje donde se objetivó aparición de un nódulo pulmonar en el LSI y estabilidad de los otros dos nódulos descritos en estudios previos con mínima lengüeta de derrame pleural derecho así como crecimiento de metástasis ósea ilíaca izquierda y crecimiento de metástasis hepáticas (tamaño y número). Diagnóstico Pioderma gangrenoso como síndrome paraneoplásico de carcinoma colorrectal metastásico. Progresión hepática y ósea de adenocarcinoma colorrectal metastásico. Tratamiento Dada la complejidad del cuadro clínico requirió valoración multidisciplinar (Dermatología, Unidad de Sepsis, Microbiología, Anatomía Patológica, Cirugía General, Traumatología y Oncología). Se inició tratamiento con antibioterapia así como prednisona a dosis de 1mg/kg/día además de realizarse desbridamiento quirúrgico para evitar sobreinfección de la misma. Con estas medidas se consiguió como máxima respuesta, estabilización de la enfermedad. Dada la estabilidad del cuadro y con la sospecha de pioderma gangrenoso asociado a la progresión de carcinoma colorrectal, se decidió iniciar ciclosporina A a dosis de 5mg/kg/día con monitorización de función renal, iones y tensión arterial (por los efectos secundarios de la misma) presentando excelente respuesta clínica con reepitelización progresiva de la úlcera cutánea tras el inicio de la misma. Evolución A pesar de la mejoría progresiva de la úlcera cutánea necrótica, el paciente presentó deterioro del estado general con performance status de 3 que hizo desestimar tratamiento oncoespecífico dirigido a la causa del síndrome paraneoplásico (progresión de la enfermedad tumoral de base).
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[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]
cáncer de sigma estadio IV cT3N1bM1, metástasis, implantes peritoneales, adenocarcinoma de sigma pT3N2b ( 7/20 ) M1 ( enfermedad hepática bilobar ) de bajo grado, metástasis, progresión hepática, progresión ósea, lesión en pala ilíaca izquierda, masa de partes blandas, enfermedad hepática, nódulo pulmonar, metástasis, metástasis, carcinoma colorrectal metastásico, Progresión hepática, adenocarcinoma colorrectal metastásico, carcinoma, tumoral
263_task2
Sentence: Anamnesis Varón de 68 años de edad, natural de Extremadura pero viviendo en Mallorca, casado y con una hija. Como único antecedente patológico de interés presenta diabetes mellitus (DM) tipo 2 desde 2010 en tratamiento con metformina con buen control glucémico y sin complicaciones. Diagnosticado en Marzo de 2014 de cáncer de sigma estadio IV cT3N1bM1 (metástasis hepáticas y dudosos implantes peritoneales) con debut suboclusivo por lo que en Abril de 2014 se realiza sigmoidectomía laparoscópica y metastasectomía del segmento III. Con anatomía patológica de: adenocarcinoma de sigma pT3N2b (7/20) M1 (enfermedad hepática bilobar) de bajo grado, márgenes quirúrgicos libres y sin objetivar enfermedad peritoneal. Estudio molecular: KRAS WT, PI3K WT, BRAF WT, NRAS WT. En Junio de 2014 fue incluido en el ensayo clínico VISNU-1 siendo randomizado a la rama de FOLFOX-6+BVZ con buena tolerancia al mismo presentando en Septiembre de 2014 respuesta parcial radiológica por lo que se decide rescate quirúrgico de las metástasis hepáticas. En Octubre de 2014 se realiza embolización portal y en segundo tiempo (Noviembre de 2014) se realiza hepatectomía derecha. Como complicación presentó descompensación ascítico edematosa y deterioro del estado general que motivó no continuar tratamiento con QT complementaria. Salió del ensayo clínico e inició controles. En Abril de 2015 presenta progresión hepática y probable pulmonar 5 meses tras la cirugía y 6 meses tras el fin de la QT, por lo que habiendo recuperado el estado general (performance status de 1) inició nuevamente QT según esquema FOLFIRI con buena tolerancia clínica. En Agosto de 2015 presenta respuesta paradójica, con progresión ósea (lesión en pala ilíaca izquierda) con masa de partes blandas pero respuesta parcial de enfermedad hepática por lo que se añade al tratamiento cetuximab. Además realiza radioterapia (RT) antiálgica (20Gy, 5f entre el 7 y el 11 de Septiembre). La última QT administrada fue el 7 de Octubre de 2015. Tras 2 ciclos de tratamiento, ingresa en el hospital en Octubre de 2015 por una úlcera necrótica cutánea rápidamente progresiva en la región tibial anterior derecha a pesar de tratamiento local y sistémico con levofloxacino durante 7 días (la úlcera se había iniciado como una erosión cutánea 10 días antes). El paciente no refiere fiebre ni otros síntomas, tampoco había presentado traumatismo ni picadura de insecto. Exploración física A la exploración física destaca una úlcera necrótica cutánea en la región tibial anterior derecha que inicialmente presenta bordes eritematosos y fondo con detritus celulares y fibrina pero sin signos de sobreinfección. Resto de la exploración física anodina, sin otras lesiones cutáneas visibles. Pruebas complementarias En la analítica de sangre no presentaba elevación de reactantes de fase aguda y se solicitó hemoglobina glicada para descartar complicaciones derivadas de su DM, siendo la misma normal (6.5%). Se realizó una ecografía donde se objetivó celulitis, miositis probablemente infecciosa/inflamatoria. También se realizó ecografía doppler arterial que resultó normal. En la evolución del cuadro clínico se solicitó ecografía de control donde se evidenció celulitis inespecífica con miositis y fascitis superficial y profunda. Se realizaron diferentes biopsias con resultado de inflamación aguda inespecífica abscesificada (en una ocasión con una estructura fúngica PAS + sin repercusión clínica) con cultivo positivo para múltiples microorganismos orientado como contaminantes. Para completar el estudio, se solicitó una tomografía axial computerizada (TAC) toraco-abdomino-pélvica de reestadiaje donde se objetivó aparición de un nódulo pulmonar en el LSI y estabilidad de los otros dos nódulos descritos en estudios previos con mínima lengüeta de derrame pleural derecho así como crecimiento de metástasis ósea ilíaca izquierda y crecimiento de metástasis hepáticas (tamaño y número). Diagnóstico Pioderma gangrenoso como síndrome paraneoplásico de carcinoma colorrectal metastásico. Progresión hepática y ósea de adenocarcinoma colorrectal metastásico. Tratamiento Dada la complejidad del cuadro clínico requirió valoración multidisciplinar (Dermatología, Unidad de Sepsis, Microbiología, Anatomía Patológica, Cirugía General, Traumatología y Oncología). Se inició tratamiento con antibioterapia así como prednisona a dosis de 1mg/kg/día además de realizarse desbridamiento quirúrgico para evitar sobreinfección de la misma. Con estas medidas se consiguió como máxima respuesta, estabilización de la enfermedad. Dada la estabilidad del cuadro y con la sospecha de pioderma gangrenoso asociado a la progresión de carcinoma colorrectal, se decidió iniciar ciclosporina A a dosis de 5mg/kg/día con monitorización de función renal, iones y tensión arterial (por los efectos secundarios de la misma) presentando excelente respuesta clínica con reepitelización progresiva de la úlcera cutánea tras el inicio de la misma. Evolución A pesar de la mejoría progresiva de la úlcera cutánea necrótica, el paciente presentó deterioro del estado general con performance status de 3 que hizo desestimar tratamiento oncoespecífico dirigido a la causa del síndrome paraneoplásico (progresión de la enfermedad tumoral de base). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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Anamnesis Varón de 68 años de edad, natural de Extremadura pero viviendo en Mallorca, casado y con una hija. Como único antecedente patológico de interés presenta diabetes mellitus (DM) tipo 2 desde 2010 en tratamiento con metformina con buen control glucémico y sin complicaciones. Diagnosticado en Marzo de 2014 de cáncer de sigma estadio IV cT3N1bM1 (metástasis hepáticas y dudosos implantes peritoneales) con debut suboclusivo por lo que en Abril de 2014 se realiza sigmoidectomía laparoscópica y metastasectomía del segmento III. Con anatomía patológica de: adenocarcinoma de sigma pT3N2b (7/20) M1 (enfermedad hepática bilobar) de bajo grado, márgenes quirúrgicos libres y sin objetivar enfermedad peritoneal. Estudio molecular: KRAS WT, PI3K WT, BRAF WT, NRAS WT. En Junio de 2014 fue incluido en el ensayo clínico VISNU-1 siendo randomizado a la rama de FOLFOX-6+BVZ con buena tolerancia al mismo presentando en Septiembre de 2014 respuesta parcial radiológica por lo que se decide rescate quirúrgico de las metástasis hepáticas. En Octubre de 2014 se realiza embolización portal y en segundo tiempo (Noviembre de 2014) se realiza hepatectomía derecha. Como complicación presentó descompensación ascítico edematosa y deterioro del estado general que motivó no continuar tratamiento con QT complementaria. Salió del ensayo clínico e inició controles. En Abril de 2015 presenta progresión hepática y probable pulmonar 5 meses tras la cirugía y 6 meses tras el fin de la QT, por lo que habiendo recuperado el estado general (performance status de 1) inició nuevamente QT según esquema FOLFIRI con buena tolerancia clínica. En Agosto de 2015 presenta respuesta paradójica, con progresión ósea (lesión en pala ilíaca izquierda) con masa de partes blandas pero respuesta parcial de enfermedad hepática por lo que se añade al tratamiento cetuximab. Además realiza radioterapia (RT) antiálgica (20Gy, 5f entre el 7 y el 11 de Septiembre). La última QT administrada fue el 7 de Octubre de 2015. Tras 2 ciclos de tratamiento, ingresa en el hospital en Octubre de 2015 por una úlcera necrótica cutánea rápidamente progresiva en la región tibial anterior derecha a pesar de tratamiento local y sistémico con levofloxacino durante 7 días (la úlcera se había iniciado como una erosión cutánea 10 días antes). El paciente no refiere fiebre ni otros síntomas, tampoco había presentado traumatismo ni picadura de insecto. Exploración física A la exploración física destaca una úlcera necrótica cutánea en la región tibial anterior derecha que inicialmente presenta bordes eritematosos y fondo con detritus celulares y fibrina pero sin signos de sobreinfección. Resto de la exploración física anodina, sin otras lesiones cutáneas visibles. Pruebas complementarias En la analítica de sangre no presentaba elevación de reactantes de fase aguda y se solicitó hemoglobina glicada para descartar complicaciones derivadas de su DM, siendo la misma normal (6.5%). Se realizó una ecografía donde se objetivó celulitis, miositis probablemente infecciosa/inflamatoria. También se realizó ecografía doppler arterial que resultó normal. En la evolución del cuadro clínico se solicitó ecografía de control donde se evidenció celulitis inespecífica con miositis y fascitis superficial y profunda. Se realizaron diferentes biopsias con resultado de inflamación aguda inespecífica abscesificada (en una ocasión con una estructura fúngica PAS + sin repercusión clínica) con cultivo positivo para múltiples microorganismos orientado como contaminantes. Para completar el estudio, se solicitó una tomografía axial computerizada (TAC) toraco-abdomino-pélvica de reestadiaje donde se objetivó aparición de un nódulo pulmonar en el LSI y estabilidad de los otros dos nódulos descritos en estudios previos con mínima lengüeta de derrame pleural derecho así como crecimiento de metástasis ósea ilíaca izquierda y crecimiento de metástasis hepáticas (tamaño y número). Diagnóstico Pioderma gangrenoso como síndrome paraneoplásico de carcinoma colorrectal metastásico. Progresión hepática y ósea de adenocarcinoma colorrectal metastásico. Tratamiento Dada la complejidad del cuadro clínico requirió valoración multidisciplinar (Dermatología, Unidad de Sepsis, Microbiología, Anatomía Patológica, Cirugía General, Traumatología y Oncología). Se inició tratamiento con antibioterapia así como prednisona a dosis de 1mg/kg/día además de realizarse desbridamiento quirúrgico para evitar sobreinfección de la misma. Con estas medidas se consiguió como máxima respuesta, estabilización de la enfermedad. Dada la estabilidad del cuadro y con la sospecha de pioderma gangrenoso asociado a la progresión de carcinoma colorrectal, se decidió iniciar ciclosporina A a dosis de 5mg/kg/día con monitorización de función renal, iones y tensión arterial (por los efectos secundarios de la misma) presentando excelente respuesta clínica con reepitelización progresiva de la úlcera cutánea tras el inicio de la misma. Evolución A pesar de la mejoría progresiva de la úlcera cutánea necrótica, el paciente presentó deterioro del estado general con performance status de 3 que hizo desestimar tratamiento oncoespecífico dirigido a la causa del síndrome paraneoplásico (progresión de la enfermedad tumoral de base).
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[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]
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Trauma+Berufskrankheit.0002s291.eng.abstr_task0
Sentence: In this paper the problems that arose with the accident at Eschede and the consequent massive number of injured persons present at one time and the decisions made at the scene are presented in chronological order . The aim of these decision was to be operating one-to-one medical care at the earliest possible point after the accident . A total of 87 injured persons were taken away by the rescue services and shared out among 22 hospitals within a circumference of 150 km. This scattered distribution of the injured persons was made possible by the massive mobilization of the air rescue service . By 2 h after the accident most of the injured were on the way to the hospitals or had already reached them . The problems encountered as a result of the massive number of deaths and the procedure followed in Eschede are also presented . A total of 96 bodies were taken from the wreckage at the scene of the accident . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm
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In this paper the problems that arose with the accident at Eschede and the consequent massive number of injured persons present at one time and the decisions made at the scene are presented in chronological order . The aim of these decision was to be operating one-to-one medical care at the earliest possible point after the accident . A total of 87 injured persons were taken away by the rescue services and shared out among 22 hospitals within a circumference of 150 km. This scattered distribution of the injured persons was made possible by the massive mobilization of the air rescue service . By 2 h after the accident most of the injured were on the way to the hospitals or had already reached them . The problems encountered as a result of the massive number of deaths and the procedure followed in Eschede are also presented . A total of 96 bodies were taken from the wreckage at the scene of the accident .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
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Trauma+Berufskrankheit.0002s291.eng.abstr_task1
Sentence: In this paper the problems that arose with the accident at Eschede and the consequent massive number of injured persons present at one time and the decisions made at the scene are presented in chronological order . The aim of these decision was to be operating one-to-one medical care at the earliest possible point after the accident . A total of 87 injured persons were taken away by the rescue services and shared out among 22 hospitals within a circumference of 150 km. This scattered distribution of the injured persons was made possible by the massive mobilization of the air rescue service . By 2 h after the accident most of the injured were on the way to the hospitals or had already reached them . The problems encountered as a result of the massive number of deaths and the procedure followed in Eschede are also presented . A total of 96 bodies were taken from the wreckage at the scene of the accident . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: paper, accident, persons, time, aim, care, accident, persons, hospitals, distribution, persons, mobilization, air, accident, hospitals, deaths, procedure, accident Options: umlsterm
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In this paper the problems that arose with the accident at Eschede and the consequent massive number of injured persons present at one time and the decisions made at the scene are presented in chronological order . The aim of these decision was to be operating one-to-one medical care at the earliest possible point after the accident . A total of 87 injured persons were taken away by the rescue services and shared out among 22 hospitals within a circumference of 150 km. This scattered distribution of the injured persons was made possible by the massive mobilization of the air rescue service . By 2 h after the accident most of the injured were on the way to the hospitals or had already reached them . The problems encountered as a result of the massive number of deaths and the procedure followed in Eschede are also presented . A total of 96 bodies were taken from the wreckage at the scene of the accident .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
paper, accident, persons, time, aim, care, accident, persons, hospitals, distribution, persons, mobilization, air, accident, hospitals, deaths, procedure, accident
Trauma+Berufskrankheit.0002s291.eng.abstr_task2
Sentence: In this paper the problems that arose with the accident at Eschede and the consequent massive number of injured persons present at one time and the decisions made at the scene are presented in chronological order . The aim of these decision was to be operating one-to-one medical care at the earliest possible point after the accident . A total of 87 injured persons were taken away by the rescue services and shared out among 22 hospitals within a circumference of 150 km. This scattered distribution of the injured persons was made possible by the massive mobilization of the air rescue service . By 2 h after the accident most of the injured were on the way to the hospitals or had already reached them . The problems encountered as a result of the massive number of deaths and the procedure followed in Eschede are also presented . A total of 96 bodies were taken from the wreckage at the scene of the accident . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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In this paper the problems that arose with the accident at Eschede and the consequent massive number of injured persons present at one time and the decisions made at the scene are presented in chronological order . The aim of these decision was to be operating one-to-one medical care at the earliest possible point after the accident . A total of 87 injured persons were taken away by the rescue services and shared out among 22 hospitals within a circumference of 150 km. This scattered distribution of the injured persons was made possible by the massive mobilization of the air rescue service . By 2 h after the accident most of the injured were on the way to the hospitals or had already reached them . The problems encountered as a result of the massive number of deaths and the procedure followed in Eschede are also presented . A total of 96 bodies were taken from the wreckage at the scene of the accident .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
seven plant extracts is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo - controlled is a Intervention_Control, seven medical plant extracts is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 40 is a Participant_Sample-size, healthy is a Participant_Condition, 1.5 fold UV - B minimal erythema dose is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Aloe vera is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Chamomilla recutita is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Hamamelis virginiana is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Melissa officinalis is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Mentha arvensis is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Melaleuca alternifolia is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Coriandrum sativum is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 1 % hydrocortisone acetate is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 0.1 % betamethasone valerate is a Intervention_Pharmacological, unguentum leniens is a Intervention_Pharmacological, tolerated is a Outcome_Other
57994_task0
Sentence: [ Antiinflammatory potential of seven plant extracts in the ultraviolet erythema test . A randomized , placebo-controlled study ] . BACKGROUND Phytotherapeutics are widely used in medicine . The aim of this study was the evaluation of the antiinflammatory potential of seven medical plant extracts using the ultraviolet- ( UV ) -erythema test . PATIENTS AND METHODS Randomized , placebo-controlled study on 40 healthy subjects . Test areas on the upper back were irradiated with the 1.5 fold UV-B minimal erythema dose ( MED ) . Formulations of Aloe vera , Chamomilla recutita , Hamamelis virginiana , Melissa officinalis , Mentha arvensis , Melaleuca alternifolia , Coriandrum sativum as well as 1 % hydrocortisone acetate and 0.1 % betamethasone valerate as positive controls and unguentum leniens as vehicle control were applied under occlusion on the irradiated areas and on non-irradiated area on the contralateral side . Photometric assessment of the erythema was performed before the application of the substances ( t0 ) , at 24 h ( t1 ) and at 48 h ( t2 ) . RESULTS Aloe vera , Chamomilla recutita , Melissa officinalis , Melaleuca alternifolia and Coriandrum sativum showed an antiinflammatory effect compared to UV-control and unguentum leniens . However , the results were only statistically significant for Aloe vera . All tested plant extracts were well tolerated . CONCLUSION Aloe vera possesses an antiinflammatory effect on UV-induced erythemas . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other
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[ Antiinflammatory potential of seven plant extracts in the ultraviolet erythema test . A randomized , placebo-controlled study ] . BACKGROUND Phytotherapeutics are widely used in medicine . The aim of this study was the evaluation of the antiinflammatory potential of seven medical plant extracts using the ultraviolet- ( UV ) -erythema test . PATIENTS AND METHODS Randomized , placebo-controlled study on 40 healthy subjects . Test areas on the upper back were irradiated with the 1.5 fold UV-B minimal erythema dose ( MED ) . Formulations of Aloe vera , Chamomilla recutita , Hamamelis virginiana , Melissa officinalis , Mentha arvensis , Melaleuca alternifolia , Coriandrum sativum as well as 1 % hydrocortisone acetate and 0.1 % betamethasone valerate as positive controls and unguentum leniens as vehicle control were applied under occlusion on the irradiated areas and on non-irradiated area on the contralateral side . Photometric assessment of the erythema was performed before the application of the substances ( t0 ) , at 24 h ( t1 ) and at 48 h ( t2 ) . RESULTS Aloe vera , Chamomilla recutita , Melissa officinalis , Melaleuca alternifolia and Coriandrum sativum showed an antiinflammatory effect compared to UV-control and unguentum leniens . However , the results were only statistically significant for Aloe vera . All tested plant extracts were well tolerated . CONCLUSION Aloe vera possesses an antiinflammatory effect on UV-induced erythemas .
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[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Intervention_Control", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
seven plant extracts is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo - controlled is a Intervention_Control, seven medical plant extracts is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 40 is a Participant_Sample-size, healthy is a Participant_Condition, 1.5 fold UV - B minimal erythema dose is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Aloe vera is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Chamomilla recutita is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Hamamelis virginiana is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Melissa officinalis is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Mentha arvensis is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Melaleuca alternifolia is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Coriandrum sativum is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 1 % hydrocortisone acetate is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 0.1 % betamethasone valerate is a Intervention_Pharmacological, unguentum leniens is a Intervention_Pharmacological, tolerated is a Outcome_Other
57994_task1
Sentence: [ Antiinflammatory potential of seven plant extracts in the ultraviolet erythema test . A randomized , placebo-controlled study ] . BACKGROUND Phytotherapeutics are widely used in medicine . The aim of this study was the evaluation of the antiinflammatory potential of seven medical plant extracts using the ultraviolet- ( UV ) -erythema test . PATIENTS AND METHODS Randomized , placebo-controlled study on 40 healthy subjects . Test areas on the upper back were irradiated with the 1.5 fold UV-B minimal erythema dose ( MED ) . Formulations of Aloe vera , Chamomilla recutita , Hamamelis virginiana , Melissa officinalis , Mentha arvensis , Melaleuca alternifolia , Coriandrum sativum as well as 1 % hydrocortisone acetate and 0.1 % betamethasone valerate as positive controls and unguentum leniens as vehicle control were applied under occlusion on the irradiated areas and on non-irradiated area on the contralateral side . Photometric assessment of the erythema was performed before the application of the substances ( t0 ) , at 24 h ( t1 ) and at 48 h ( t2 ) . RESULTS Aloe vera , Chamomilla recutita , Melissa officinalis , Melaleuca alternifolia and Coriandrum sativum showed an antiinflammatory effect compared to UV-control and unguentum leniens . However , the results were only statistically significant for Aloe vera . All tested plant extracts were well tolerated . CONCLUSION Aloe vera possesses an antiinflammatory effect on UV-induced erythemas . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: seven plant extracts, placebo - controlled, seven medical plant extracts, 40, healthy, 1.5 fold UV - B minimal erythema dose, Aloe vera, Chamomilla recutita, Hamamelis virginiana, Melissa officinalis, Mentha arvensis, Melaleuca alternifolia, Coriandrum sativum, 1 % hydrocortisone acetate, 0.1 % betamethasone valerate, unguentum leniens, tolerated Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other
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[ Antiinflammatory potential of seven plant extracts in the ultraviolet erythema test . A randomized , placebo-controlled study ] . BACKGROUND Phytotherapeutics are widely used in medicine . The aim of this study was the evaluation of the antiinflammatory potential of seven medical plant extracts using the ultraviolet- ( UV ) -erythema test . PATIENTS AND METHODS Randomized , placebo-controlled study on 40 healthy subjects . Test areas on the upper back were irradiated with the 1.5 fold UV-B minimal erythema dose ( MED ) . Formulations of Aloe vera , Chamomilla recutita , Hamamelis virginiana , Melissa officinalis , Mentha arvensis , Melaleuca alternifolia , Coriandrum sativum as well as 1 % hydrocortisone acetate and 0.1 % betamethasone valerate as positive controls and unguentum leniens as vehicle control were applied under occlusion on the irradiated areas and on non-irradiated area on the contralateral side . Photometric assessment of the erythema was performed before the application of the substances ( t0 ) , at 24 h ( t1 ) and at 48 h ( t2 ) . RESULTS Aloe vera , Chamomilla recutita , Melissa officinalis , Melaleuca alternifolia and Coriandrum sativum showed an antiinflammatory effect compared to UV-control and unguentum leniens . However , the results were only statistically significant for Aloe vera . All tested plant extracts were well tolerated . CONCLUSION Aloe vera possesses an antiinflammatory effect on UV-induced erythemas .
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[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Intervention_Control", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
seven plant extracts, placebo - controlled, seven medical plant extracts, 40, healthy, 1.5 fold UV - B minimal erythema dose, Aloe vera, Chamomilla recutita, Hamamelis virginiana, Melissa officinalis, Mentha arvensis, Melaleuca alternifolia, Coriandrum sativum, 1 % hydrocortisone acetate, 0.1 % betamethasone valerate, unguentum leniens, tolerated
57994_task2
Sentence: [ Antiinflammatory potential of seven plant extracts in the ultraviolet erythema test . A randomized , placebo-controlled study ] . BACKGROUND Phytotherapeutics are widely used in medicine . The aim of this study was the evaluation of the antiinflammatory potential of seven medical plant extracts using the ultraviolet- ( UV ) -erythema test . PATIENTS AND METHODS Randomized , placebo-controlled study on 40 healthy subjects . Test areas on the upper back were irradiated with the 1.5 fold UV-B minimal erythema dose ( MED ) . Formulations of Aloe vera , Chamomilla recutita , Hamamelis virginiana , Melissa officinalis , Mentha arvensis , Melaleuca alternifolia , Coriandrum sativum as well as 1 % hydrocortisone acetate and 0.1 % betamethasone valerate as positive controls and unguentum leniens as vehicle control were applied under occlusion on the irradiated areas and on non-irradiated area on the contralateral side . Photometric assessment of the erythema was performed before the application of the substances ( t0 ) , at 24 h ( t1 ) and at 48 h ( t2 ) . RESULTS Aloe vera , Chamomilla recutita , Melissa officinalis , Melaleuca alternifolia and Coriandrum sativum showed an antiinflammatory effect compared to UV-control and unguentum leniens . However , the results were only statistically significant for Aloe vera . All tested plant extracts were well tolerated . CONCLUSION Aloe vera possesses an antiinflammatory effect on UV-induced erythemas . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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[ Antiinflammatory potential of seven plant extracts in the ultraviolet erythema test . A randomized , placebo-controlled study ] . BACKGROUND Phytotherapeutics are widely used in medicine . The aim of this study was the evaluation of the antiinflammatory potential of seven medical plant extracts using the ultraviolet- ( UV ) -erythema test . PATIENTS AND METHODS Randomized , placebo-controlled study on 40 healthy subjects . Test areas on the upper back were irradiated with the 1.5 fold UV-B minimal erythema dose ( MED ) . Formulations of Aloe vera , Chamomilla recutita , Hamamelis virginiana , Melissa officinalis , Mentha arvensis , Melaleuca alternifolia , Coriandrum sativum as well as 1 % hydrocortisone acetate and 0.1 % betamethasone valerate as positive controls and unguentum leniens as vehicle control were applied under occlusion on the irradiated areas and on non-irradiated area on the contralateral side . Photometric assessment of the erythema was performed before the application of the substances ( t0 ) , at 24 h ( t1 ) and at 48 h ( t2 ) . RESULTS Aloe vera , Chamomilla recutita , Melissa officinalis , Melaleuca alternifolia and Coriandrum sativum showed an antiinflammatory effect compared to UV-control and unguentum leniens . However , the results were only statistically significant for Aloe vera . All tested plant extracts were well tolerated . CONCLUSION Aloe vera possesses an antiinflammatory effect on UV-induced erythemas .
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[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Intervention_Control", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
tumores is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, cáncer is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, cáncer is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, cáncer is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, pólipos adenomatosos is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenoma tubular de intestino grueso con displasia moderada - severa is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, carcinoma de células de anillo de sello is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoral is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplásico is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumor de Klastkin is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplasia is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Colangiocarcinoma extrahepático moderadamente diferenciado is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones nodulares en epiplón is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, implantes peritoneales is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenocarcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, recaída peritoneal de colangiocarcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metastásico is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA
533_task0
Sentence: Anamnesis Se trata de una mujer caucásica de 39 años de edad con estatus socio-económico medio-alto y de profesión abogada. Fuma un paquete diario, no toma medicación de forma habitual y hasta el momento no ha presentado reacciones alérgicas a fármacos. Antecedentes familiares En la rama paterna encontramos que su abuelo y su padre fallecieron a causa de tumores de colon, produciéndose el exitus del padre a la edad de 45 años. Antecedentes personales Ha sido estudiada por Ginecología por un cuadro de hipermenorrea anemizante, detectándose un engrosamiento endometrial del que se tomó biopsia con resultado de cáncer de endometrio, por lo que fue intervenida en septiembre del 2009 a la edad de 36 años, mediante histerectomía, doble anexectomía, linfadenectomía pélvica bilateral y citología de lavado peritoneal, con estadiaje final de cáncer de endometrio E-IB, por lo que no precisó tratamiento adyuvante. En noviembre de 2011, a la edad de 37 años, la paciente comienza con clínica de rectorragia y, dado el antecedente paterno de cáncer de colon a edad temprana, se deriva a digestivo para realización de colonoscopia, en la que se observan varios pólipos adenomatosos que se extirpan. En la colonoscopia de seguimiento a los dos años, en marzo de 2013, se observa lesión polipoide ulcerada de 22 x 65 cm que se biopsia, con resultado anatomo-patológico de adenoma tubular de intestino grueso con displasia moderada-severa, por lo que en abril de 2013 es intervenida mediante hemicolectomía derecha, con resultado anatomopatológico final de carcinoma de células de anillo de sello que infiltra la capa muscular propia sin sobrepasarla, y presencia de metástasis en dos de las doce adenopatías aisladas, lo que corresponde a pT2pN1b (2/12) y a un estadio IIIA. Tras la cirugía, es derivada a Oncología para valoración de tratamiento adyuvante, iniciándose tratamiento con esquema FOLFOX, 5-fluoro-uracilo (5-FU) 400 mg/m² en bolo, infusión durante 48 h de 5-FU a dosis de 2.400 mg/m² y oxaliplatino 85 mg/m² día 1 cada 14 días por 12 ciclos, durante 6 meses. Se consulta además con la Unidad de Consejo Genético que realiza estudio inmunohistoquímico en la pieza tumoral con el hallazgo de déficit de expresión de MLH1 y PSM2 asociado a inestabilidad de microsatélites, motivo por el que se solicita estudio germinal, en el que se aprecia mutación en la posición 1.420 del exón 13 del gen MLH1 en heterocigosis, descrita como patogénica y compatible con diagnóstico de síndrome de Lynch. Tras finalizar la quimioterapia, la paciente comienza revisiones periódicas sin mostrar alteraciones desde noviembre 2013 a enero 2017. Enfermedad actual En abril del 2017, la paciente acude a Urgencias por cuadro consistente en vómitos, dolor abdominal localizado en hipocondrio derecho e ictericia cutáneo-mucosa con coluria y acolia. En Urgencias, tras realización de analítica general en la que se observa alteración de las cifras de bilirrubina, se decide ingreso a cargo de Medicina Interna para ampliar estudio. Exploración física Paciente con aceptable estado general, en la exploración destaca coloración ictérica cutáneo mucosa y dolor a la palpación de hipocondrio derecho sin signos de peritonismo ni defensa. Pruebas complementarias En Urgencias se realiza analítica general que muestra alteración del perfil hepático con cifras de bilirrubina total de 6,08 mg/dl (0,2-1,2 mg/dl), 3,35 mg/dl (0-0,25 mg/dl) de bilirrubina directa, aumento de transaminasas GOT 100 (0-37 U/l) y GPT 236 (0-41 U/l), con hemograma normal y ecografía abdominal en la que se aprecia dilatación de vías biliares intra y extrahepáticas sin visualizar colédoco distal ni la región pancreática. Durante el ingreso en Medicina Interna, se realiza colangiorresonancia en la que se observa rarefacción de la encrucijada duodeno-pancreática de aproximadamente 32 x 28 mm, valorando como primera opción proceso neoplásico a dicho nivel. Se amplía el estudio con colangiopancreatografía retrógrada para colocación de prótesis de drenaje de la vía biliar y toma de biopsia, visualizándose en la colangiografía marcada dilatación de la vía biliar intrahepática con estenosis casi completa del hepático medio sugestiva de tumor de Klastkin. Antes esta estenosis, se procede a esfinterotomía con colocación de prótesis y toma citología con resultado anatomo-patológico negativo para neoplasia. Se decide realizar embolización portal-hepática y posterior cirugía en julio de 2017 mediante hepatectomía parcial derecha y duodenopancreatectomía cefálica. Diagnóstico Colangiocarcinoma extrahepático moderadamente diferenciado de 13,4 mm de espesor, sin evidencia de afectación ganglionar, por tanto un pT3N0, estadio IIB, en paciente con síndrome de Lynch. Tratamiento Remitida de nuevo en septiembre de 2017 a Oncología. Se decide pautar tratamiento adyuvante con 8 ciclos de capecitabina a dosis de 1.250 mg/m² cada 12 horas día 1 a 14 cada 21, según los resultados comunicados en ASCO 2017 del estudio BILCAP. Debido a la toxicidad relacionada con el síndrome de eritrodisestesia palmo-plantar grado 3 (fisuras cutáneas, edemas e hiperqueratosis asociadas a dolor, que limitan la actividad funcional), se decide disminuir la dosis al 80 % desde el cuarto ciclo. Evolución Inicia nuevamente revisiones y, en julio de 2018, hallamos un ascenso del marcador CA19,9 a 80 U/ml (0-37 U/ml) y aparición en la TC de lesiones nodulares en epiplón mayor e imagen nodular hiperdensa de 36 x 23 mm en el techo vesical, compatibles con implantes peritoneales, por lo que se decide presentar el caso en el comité de cirugía y se programa para laparotomía exploradora con toma de biopsia, que se realiza en agosto de 2018 y se obtiene un diagnóstico anatomo-patológico de infiltración por adenocarcinoma de probable origen hepatobiliar (inmunohistoquímica positiva para queratina 19, CEA y CA 19,9). Con este nuevo diagnóstico de recaída peritoneal de colangiocarcinoma, comenzamos en septiembre de 2018 la primera línea de quimioterapia paliativa con cisplatino a dosis de 25 mg/m² y gemcitabina a 100 mg/m² día 1 y 8 cada 21, con aceptable tolerancia del tratamiento. En diciembre de 2018, la paciente presenta progresión clínica con aumento del dolor abdominal e importante pérdida de peso, progresión bioquímica con marcado ascenso del CA 19,9 a cifras de 1.300 U/ml, y progresión radiológica con crecimiento de las lesiones diana, por lo que se solicita pembrolizumab off-label a dosis de fija de 200 mg cada 21 días. Tras 2 ciclos de pembrolizumab, la paciente presenta mejoría importante del dolor abdominal, llegando a estar asintomática en la última valoración en consulta en abril de 2019, sin clínica secundaria a la enfermedad ni toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento. A nivel de los marcadores el CA 19,9, muestra un claro descenso llegando a cifras de 83 U/ml tras 6 ciclos de tratamiento, y la TC de reevaluación muestra disminución del tamaño de los nódulos descritos en epiplón mayor y del implante metastásico pélvico situado en la vejiga. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA
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Anamnesis Se trata de una mujer caucásica de 39 años de edad con estatus socio-económico medio-alto y de profesión abogada. Fuma un paquete diario, no toma medicación de forma habitual y hasta el momento no ha presentado reacciones alérgicas a fármacos. Antecedentes familiares En la rama paterna encontramos que su abuelo y su padre fallecieron a causa de tumores de colon, produciéndose el exitus del padre a la edad de 45 años. Antecedentes personales Ha sido estudiada por Ginecología por un cuadro de hipermenorrea anemizante, detectándose un engrosamiento endometrial del que se tomó biopsia con resultado de cáncer de endometrio, por lo que fue intervenida en septiembre del 2009 a la edad de 36 años, mediante histerectomía, doble anexectomía, linfadenectomía pélvica bilateral y citología de lavado peritoneal, con estadiaje final de cáncer de endometrio E-IB, por lo que no precisó tratamiento adyuvante. En noviembre de 2011, a la edad de 37 años, la paciente comienza con clínica de rectorragia y, dado el antecedente paterno de cáncer de colon a edad temprana, se deriva a digestivo para realización de colonoscopia, en la que se observan varios pólipos adenomatosos que se extirpan. En la colonoscopia de seguimiento a los dos años, en marzo de 2013, se observa lesión polipoide ulcerada de 22 x 65 cm que se biopsia, con resultado anatomo-patológico de adenoma tubular de intestino grueso con displasia moderada-severa, por lo que en abril de 2013 es intervenida mediante hemicolectomía derecha, con resultado anatomopatológico final de carcinoma de células de anillo de sello que infiltra la capa muscular propia sin sobrepasarla, y presencia de metástasis en dos de las doce adenopatías aisladas, lo que corresponde a pT2pN1b (2/12) y a un estadio IIIA. Tras la cirugía, es derivada a Oncología para valoración de tratamiento adyuvante, iniciándose tratamiento con esquema FOLFOX, 5-fluoro-uracilo (5-FU) 400 mg/m² en bolo, infusión durante 48 h de 5-FU a dosis de 2.400 mg/m² y oxaliplatino 85 mg/m² día 1 cada 14 días por 12 ciclos, durante 6 meses. Se consulta además con la Unidad de Consejo Genético que realiza estudio inmunohistoquímico en la pieza tumoral con el hallazgo de déficit de expresión de MLH1 y PSM2 asociado a inestabilidad de microsatélites, motivo por el que se solicita estudio germinal, en el que se aprecia mutación en la posición 1.420 del exón 13 del gen MLH1 en heterocigosis, descrita como patogénica y compatible con diagnóstico de síndrome de Lynch. Tras finalizar la quimioterapia, la paciente comienza revisiones periódicas sin mostrar alteraciones desde noviembre 2013 a enero 2017. Enfermedad actual En abril del 2017, la paciente acude a Urgencias por cuadro consistente en vómitos, dolor abdominal localizado en hipocondrio derecho e ictericia cutáneo-mucosa con coluria y acolia. En Urgencias, tras realización de analítica general en la que se observa alteración de las cifras de bilirrubina, se decide ingreso a cargo de Medicina Interna para ampliar estudio. Exploración física Paciente con aceptable estado general, en la exploración destaca coloración ictérica cutáneo mucosa y dolor a la palpación de hipocondrio derecho sin signos de peritonismo ni defensa. Pruebas complementarias En Urgencias se realiza analítica general que muestra alteración del perfil hepático con cifras de bilirrubina total de 6,08 mg/dl (0,2-1,2 mg/dl), 3,35 mg/dl (0-0,25 mg/dl) de bilirrubina directa, aumento de transaminasas GOT 100 (0-37 U/l) y GPT 236 (0-41 U/l), con hemograma normal y ecografía abdominal en la que se aprecia dilatación de vías biliares intra y extrahepáticas sin visualizar colédoco distal ni la región pancreática. Durante el ingreso en Medicina Interna, se realiza colangiorresonancia en la que se observa rarefacción de la encrucijada duodeno-pancreática de aproximadamente 32 x 28 mm, valorando como primera opción proceso neoplásico a dicho nivel. Se amplía el estudio con colangiopancreatografía retrógrada para colocación de prótesis de drenaje de la vía biliar y toma de biopsia, visualizándose en la colangiografía marcada dilatación de la vía biliar intrahepática con estenosis casi completa del hepático medio sugestiva de tumor de Klastkin. Antes esta estenosis, se procede a esfinterotomía con colocación de prótesis y toma citología con resultado anatomo-patológico negativo para neoplasia. Se decide realizar embolización portal-hepática y posterior cirugía en julio de 2017 mediante hepatectomía parcial derecha y duodenopancreatectomía cefálica. Diagnóstico Colangiocarcinoma extrahepático moderadamente diferenciado de 13,4 mm de espesor, sin evidencia de afectación ganglionar, por tanto un pT3N0, estadio IIB, en paciente con síndrome de Lynch. Tratamiento Remitida de nuevo en septiembre de 2017 a Oncología. Se decide pautar tratamiento adyuvante con 8 ciclos de capecitabina a dosis de 1.250 mg/m² cada 12 horas día 1 a 14 cada 21, según los resultados comunicados en ASCO 2017 del estudio BILCAP. Debido a la toxicidad relacionada con el síndrome de eritrodisestesia palmo-plantar grado 3 (fisuras cutáneas, edemas e hiperqueratosis asociadas a dolor, que limitan la actividad funcional), se decide disminuir la dosis al 80 % desde el cuarto ciclo. Evolución Inicia nuevamente revisiones y, en julio de 2018, hallamos un ascenso del marcador CA19,9 a 80 U/ml (0-37 U/ml) y aparición en la TC de lesiones nodulares en epiplón mayor e imagen nodular hiperdensa de 36 x 23 mm en el techo vesical, compatibles con implantes peritoneales, por lo que se decide presentar el caso en el comité de cirugía y se programa para laparotomía exploradora con toma de biopsia, que se realiza en agosto de 2018 y se obtiene un diagnóstico anatomo-patológico de infiltración por adenocarcinoma de probable origen hepatobiliar (inmunohistoquímica positiva para queratina 19, CEA y CA 19,9). Con este nuevo diagnóstico de recaída peritoneal de colangiocarcinoma, comenzamos en septiembre de 2018 la primera línea de quimioterapia paliativa con cisplatino a dosis de 25 mg/m² y gemcitabina a 100 mg/m² día 1 y 8 cada 21, con aceptable tolerancia del tratamiento. En diciembre de 2018, la paciente presenta progresión clínica con aumento del dolor abdominal e importante pérdida de peso, progresión bioquímica con marcado ascenso del CA 19,9 a cifras de 1.300 U/ml, y progresión radiológica con crecimiento de las lesiones diana, por lo que se solicita pembrolizumab off-label a dosis de fija de 200 mg cada 21 días. Tras 2 ciclos de pembrolizumab, la paciente presenta mejoría importante del dolor abdominal, llegando a estar asintomática en la última valoración en consulta en abril de 2019, sin clínica secundaria a la enfermedad ni toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento. A nivel de los marcadores el CA 19,9, muestra un claro descenso llegando a cifras de 83 U/ml tras 6 ciclos de tratamiento, y la TC de reevaluación muestra disminución del tamaño de los nódulos descritos en epiplón mayor y del implante metastásico pélvico situado en la vejiga.
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[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]
tumores is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, cáncer is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, cáncer is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, cáncer is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, pólipos adenomatosos is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenoma tubular de intestino grueso con displasia moderada - severa is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, carcinoma de células de anillo de sello is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoral is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplásico is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumor de Klastkin is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplasia is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Colangiocarcinoma extrahepático moderadamente diferenciado is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones nodulares en epiplón is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, implantes peritoneales is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenocarcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, recaída peritoneal de colangiocarcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metastásico is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA
533_task1
Sentence: Anamnesis Se trata de una mujer caucásica de 39 años de edad con estatus socio-económico medio-alto y de profesión abogada. Fuma un paquete diario, no toma medicación de forma habitual y hasta el momento no ha presentado reacciones alérgicas a fármacos. Antecedentes familiares En la rama paterna encontramos que su abuelo y su padre fallecieron a causa de tumores de colon, produciéndose el exitus del padre a la edad de 45 años. Antecedentes personales Ha sido estudiada por Ginecología por un cuadro de hipermenorrea anemizante, detectándose un engrosamiento endometrial del que se tomó biopsia con resultado de cáncer de endometrio, por lo que fue intervenida en septiembre del 2009 a la edad de 36 años, mediante histerectomía, doble anexectomía, linfadenectomía pélvica bilateral y citología de lavado peritoneal, con estadiaje final de cáncer de endometrio E-IB, por lo que no precisó tratamiento adyuvante. En noviembre de 2011, a la edad de 37 años, la paciente comienza con clínica de rectorragia y, dado el antecedente paterno de cáncer de colon a edad temprana, se deriva a digestivo para realización de colonoscopia, en la que se observan varios pólipos adenomatosos que se extirpan. En la colonoscopia de seguimiento a los dos años, en marzo de 2013, se observa lesión polipoide ulcerada de 22 x 65 cm que se biopsia, con resultado anatomo-patológico de adenoma tubular de intestino grueso con displasia moderada-severa, por lo que en abril de 2013 es intervenida mediante hemicolectomía derecha, con resultado anatomopatológico final de carcinoma de células de anillo de sello que infiltra la capa muscular propia sin sobrepasarla, y presencia de metástasis en dos de las doce adenopatías aisladas, lo que corresponde a pT2pN1b (2/12) y a un estadio IIIA. Tras la cirugía, es derivada a Oncología para valoración de tratamiento adyuvante, iniciándose tratamiento con esquema FOLFOX, 5-fluoro-uracilo (5-FU) 400 mg/m² en bolo, infusión durante 48 h de 5-FU a dosis de 2.400 mg/m² y oxaliplatino 85 mg/m² día 1 cada 14 días por 12 ciclos, durante 6 meses. Se consulta además con la Unidad de Consejo Genético que realiza estudio inmunohistoquímico en la pieza tumoral con el hallazgo de déficit de expresión de MLH1 y PSM2 asociado a inestabilidad de microsatélites, motivo por el que se solicita estudio germinal, en el que se aprecia mutación en la posición 1.420 del exón 13 del gen MLH1 en heterocigosis, descrita como patogénica y compatible con diagnóstico de síndrome de Lynch. Tras finalizar la quimioterapia, la paciente comienza revisiones periódicas sin mostrar alteraciones desde noviembre 2013 a enero 2017. Enfermedad actual En abril del 2017, la paciente acude a Urgencias por cuadro consistente en vómitos, dolor abdominal localizado en hipocondrio derecho e ictericia cutáneo-mucosa con coluria y acolia. En Urgencias, tras realización de analítica general en la que se observa alteración de las cifras de bilirrubina, se decide ingreso a cargo de Medicina Interna para ampliar estudio. Exploración física Paciente con aceptable estado general, en la exploración destaca coloración ictérica cutáneo mucosa y dolor a la palpación de hipocondrio derecho sin signos de peritonismo ni defensa. Pruebas complementarias En Urgencias se realiza analítica general que muestra alteración del perfil hepático con cifras de bilirrubina total de 6,08 mg/dl (0,2-1,2 mg/dl), 3,35 mg/dl (0-0,25 mg/dl) de bilirrubina directa, aumento de transaminasas GOT 100 (0-37 U/l) y GPT 236 (0-41 U/l), con hemograma normal y ecografía abdominal en la que se aprecia dilatación de vías biliares intra y extrahepáticas sin visualizar colédoco distal ni la región pancreática. Durante el ingreso en Medicina Interna, se realiza colangiorresonancia en la que se observa rarefacción de la encrucijada duodeno-pancreática de aproximadamente 32 x 28 mm, valorando como primera opción proceso neoplásico a dicho nivel. Se amplía el estudio con colangiopancreatografía retrógrada para colocación de prótesis de drenaje de la vía biliar y toma de biopsia, visualizándose en la colangiografía marcada dilatación de la vía biliar intrahepática con estenosis casi completa del hepático medio sugestiva de tumor de Klastkin. Antes esta estenosis, se procede a esfinterotomía con colocación de prótesis y toma citología con resultado anatomo-patológico negativo para neoplasia. Se decide realizar embolización portal-hepática y posterior cirugía en julio de 2017 mediante hepatectomía parcial derecha y duodenopancreatectomía cefálica. Diagnóstico Colangiocarcinoma extrahepático moderadamente diferenciado de 13,4 mm de espesor, sin evidencia de afectación ganglionar, por tanto un pT3N0, estadio IIB, en paciente con síndrome de Lynch. Tratamiento Remitida de nuevo en septiembre de 2017 a Oncología. Se decide pautar tratamiento adyuvante con 8 ciclos de capecitabina a dosis de 1.250 mg/m² cada 12 horas día 1 a 14 cada 21, según los resultados comunicados en ASCO 2017 del estudio BILCAP. Debido a la toxicidad relacionada con el síndrome de eritrodisestesia palmo-plantar grado 3 (fisuras cutáneas, edemas e hiperqueratosis asociadas a dolor, que limitan la actividad funcional), se decide disminuir la dosis al 80 % desde el cuarto ciclo. Evolución Inicia nuevamente revisiones y, en julio de 2018, hallamos un ascenso del marcador CA19,9 a 80 U/ml (0-37 U/ml) y aparición en la TC de lesiones nodulares en epiplón mayor e imagen nodular hiperdensa de 36 x 23 mm en el techo vesical, compatibles con implantes peritoneales, por lo que se decide presentar el caso en el comité de cirugía y se programa para laparotomía exploradora con toma de biopsia, que se realiza en agosto de 2018 y se obtiene un diagnóstico anatomo-patológico de infiltración por adenocarcinoma de probable origen hepatobiliar (inmunohistoquímica positiva para queratina 19, CEA y CA 19,9). Con este nuevo diagnóstico de recaída peritoneal de colangiocarcinoma, comenzamos en septiembre de 2018 la primera línea de quimioterapia paliativa con cisplatino a dosis de 25 mg/m² y gemcitabina a 100 mg/m² día 1 y 8 cada 21, con aceptable tolerancia del tratamiento. En diciembre de 2018, la paciente presenta progresión clínica con aumento del dolor abdominal e importante pérdida de peso, progresión bioquímica con marcado ascenso del CA 19,9 a cifras de 1.300 U/ml, y progresión radiológica con crecimiento de las lesiones diana, por lo que se solicita pembrolizumab off-label a dosis de fija de 200 mg cada 21 días. Tras 2 ciclos de pembrolizumab, la paciente presenta mejoría importante del dolor abdominal, llegando a estar asintomática en la última valoración en consulta en abril de 2019, sin clínica secundaria a la enfermedad ni toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento. A nivel de los marcadores el CA 19,9, muestra un claro descenso llegando a cifras de 83 U/ml tras 6 ciclos de tratamiento, y la TC de reevaluación muestra disminución del tamaño de los nódulos descritos en epiplón mayor y del implante metastásico pélvico situado en la vejiga. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: tumores, cáncer, cáncer, cáncer, pólipos adenomatosos, adenoma tubular de intestino grueso con displasia moderada - severa, carcinoma de células de anillo de sello, metástasis, tumoral, neoplásico, tumor de Klastkin, neoplasia, Colangiocarcinoma extrahepático moderadamente diferenciado, lesiones nodulares en epiplón, implantes peritoneales, adenocarcinoma, recaída peritoneal de colangiocarcinoma, metastásico Options: MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA
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Anamnesis Se trata de una mujer caucásica de 39 años de edad con estatus socio-económico medio-alto y de profesión abogada. Fuma un paquete diario, no toma medicación de forma habitual y hasta el momento no ha presentado reacciones alérgicas a fármacos. Antecedentes familiares En la rama paterna encontramos que su abuelo y su padre fallecieron a causa de tumores de colon, produciéndose el exitus del padre a la edad de 45 años. Antecedentes personales Ha sido estudiada por Ginecología por un cuadro de hipermenorrea anemizante, detectándose un engrosamiento endometrial del que se tomó biopsia con resultado de cáncer de endometrio, por lo que fue intervenida en septiembre del 2009 a la edad de 36 años, mediante histerectomía, doble anexectomía, linfadenectomía pélvica bilateral y citología de lavado peritoneal, con estadiaje final de cáncer de endometrio E-IB, por lo que no precisó tratamiento adyuvante. En noviembre de 2011, a la edad de 37 años, la paciente comienza con clínica de rectorragia y, dado el antecedente paterno de cáncer de colon a edad temprana, se deriva a digestivo para realización de colonoscopia, en la que se observan varios pólipos adenomatosos que se extirpan. En la colonoscopia de seguimiento a los dos años, en marzo de 2013, se observa lesión polipoide ulcerada de 22 x 65 cm que se biopsia, con resultado anatomo-patológico de adenoma tubular de intestino grueso con displasia moderada-severa, por lo que en abril de 2013 es intervenida mediante hemicolectomía derecha, con resultado anatomopatológico final de carcinoma de células de anillo de sello que infiltra la capa muscular propia sin sobrepasarla, y presencia de metástasis en dos de las doce adenopatías aisladas, lo que corresponde a pT2pN1b (2/12) y a un estadio IIIA. Tras la cirugía, es derivada a Oncología para valoración de tratamiento adyuvante, iniciándose tratamiento con esquema FOLFOX, 5-fluoro-uracilo (5-FU) 400 mg/m² en bolo, infusión durante 48 h de 5-FU a dosis de 2.400 mg/m² y oxaliplatino 85 mg/m² día 1 cada 14 días por 12 ciclos, durante 6 meses. Se consulta además con la Unidad de Consejo Genético que realiza estudio inmunohistoquímico en la pieza tumoral con el hallazgo de déficit de expresión de MLH1 y PSM2 asociado a inestabilidad de microsatélites, motivo por el que se solicita estudio germinal, en el que se aprecia mutación en la posición 1.420 del exón 13 del gen MLH1 en heterocigosis, descrita como patogénica y compatible con diagnóstico de síndrome de Lynch. Tras finalizar la quimioterapia, la paciente comienza revisiones periódicas sin mostrar alteraciones desde noviembre 2013 a enero 2017. Enfermedad actual En abril del 2017, la paciente acude a Urgencias por cuadro consistente en vómitos, dolor abdominal localizado en hipocondrio derecho e ictericia cutáneo-mucosa con coluria y acolia. En Urgencias, tras realización de analítica general en la que se observa alteración de las cifras de bilirrubina, se decide ingreso a cargo de Medicina Interna para ampliar estudio. Exploración física Paciente con aceptable estado general, en la exploración destaca coloración ictérica cutáneo mucosa y dolor a la palpación de hipocondrio derecho sin signos de peritonismo ni defensa. Pruebas complementarias En Urgencias se realiza analítica general que muestra alteración del perfil hepático con cifras de bilirrubina total de 6,08 mg/dl (0,2-1,2 mg/dl), 3,35 mg/dl (0-0,25 mg/dl) de bilirrubina directa, aumento de transaminasas GOT 100 (0-37 U/l) y GPT 236 (0-41 U/l), con hemograma normal y ecografía abdominal en la que se aprecia dilatación de vías biliares intra y extrahepáticas sin visualizar colédoco distal ni la región pancreática. Durante el ingreso en Medicina Interna, se realiza colangiorresonancia en la que se observa rarefacción de la encrucijada duodeno-pancreática de aproximadamente 32 x 28 mm, valorando como primera opción proceso neoplásico a dicho nivel. Se amplía el estudio con colangiopancreatografía retrógrada para colocación de prótesis de drenaje de la vía biliar y toma de biopsia, visualizándose en la colangiografía marcada dilatación de la vía biliar intrahepática con estenosis casi completa del hepático medio sugestiva de tumor de Klastkin. Antes esta estenosis, se procede a esfinterotomía con colocación de prótesis y toma citología con resultado anatomo-patológico negativo para neoplasia. Se decide realizar embolización portal-hepática y posterior cirugía en julio de 2017 mediante hepatectomía parcial derecha y duodenopancreatectomía cefálica. Diagnóstico Colangiocarcinoma extrahepático moderadamente diferenciado de 13,4 mm de espesor, sin evidencia de afectación ganglionar, por tanto un pT3N0, estadio IIB, en paciente con síndrome de Lynch. Tratamiento Remitida de nuevo en septiembre de 2017 a Oncología. Se decide pautar tratamiento adyuvante con 8 ciclos de capecitabina a dosis de 1.250 mg/m² cada 12 horas día 1 a 14 cada 21, según los resultados comunicados en ASCO 2017 del estudio BILCAP. Debido a la toxicidad relacionada con el síndrome de eritrodisestesia palmo-plantar grado 3 (fisuras cutáneas, edemas e hiperqueratosis asociadas a dolor, que limitan la actividad funcional), se decide disminuir la dosis al 80 % desde el cuarto ciclo. Evolución Inicia nuevamente revisiones y, en julio de 2018, hallamos un ascenso del marcador CA19,9 a 80 U/ml (0-37 U/ml) y aparición en la TC de lesiones nodulares en epiplón mayor e imagen nodular hiperdensa de 36 x 23 mm en el techo vesical, compatibles con implantes peritoneales, por lo que se decide presentar el caso en el comité de cirugía y se programa para laparotomía exploradora con toma de biopsia, que se realiza en agosto de 2018 y se obtiene un diagnóstico anatomo-patológico de infiltración por adenocarcinoma de probable origen hepatobiliar (inmunohistoquímica positiva para queratina 19, CEA y CA 19,9). Con este nuevo diagnóstico de recaída peritoneal de colangiocarcinoma, comenzamos en septiembre de 2018 la primera línea de quimioterapia paliativa con cisplatino a dosis de 25 mg/m² y gemcitabina a 100 mg/m² día 1 y 8 cada 21, con aceptable tolerancia del tratamiento. En diciembre de 2018, la paciente presenta progresión clínica con aumento del dolor abdominal e importante pérdida de peso, progresión bioquímica con marcado ascenso del CA 19,9 a cifras de 1.300 U/ml, y progresión radiológica con crecimiento de las lesiones diana, por lo que se solicita pembrolizumab off-label a dosis de fija de 200 mg cada 21 días. Tras 2 ciclos de pembrolizumab, la paciente presenta mejoría importante del dolor abdominal, llegando a estar asintomática en la última valoración en consulta en abril de 2019, sin clínica secundaria a la enfermedad ni toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento. A nivel de los marcadores el CA 19,9, muestra un claro descenso llegando a cifras de 83 U/ml tras 6 ciclos de tratamiento, y la TC de reevaluación muestra disminución del tamaño de los nódulos descritos en epiplón mayor y del implante metastásico pélvico situado en la vejiga.
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[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]
tumores, cáncer, cáncer, cáncer, pólipos adenomatosos, adenoma tubular de intestino grueso con displasia moderada - severa, carcinoma de células de anillo de sello, metástasis, tumoral, neoplásico, tumor de Klastkin, neoplasia, Colangiocarcinoma extrahepático moderadamente diferenciado, lesiones nodulares en epiplón, implantes peritoneales, adenocarcinoma, recaída peritoneal de colangiocarcinoma, metastásico
533_task2
Sentence: Anamnesis Se trata de una mujer caucásica de 39 años de edad con estatus socio-económico medio-alto y de profesión abogada. Fuma un paquete diario, no toma medicación de forma habitual y hasta el momento no ha presentado reacciones alérgicas a fármacos. Antecedentes familiares En la rama paterna encontramos que su abuelo y su padre fallecieron a causa de tumores de colon, produciéndose el exitus del padre a la edad de 45 años. Antecedentes personales Ha sido estudiada por Ginecología por un cuadro de hipermenorrea anemizante, detectándose un engrosamiento endometrial del que se tomó biopsia con resultado de cáncer de endometrio, por lo que fue intervenida en septiembre del 2009 a la edad de 36 años, mediante histerectomía, doble anexectomía, linfadenectomía pélvica bilateral y citología de lavado peritoneal, con estadiaje final de cáncer de endometrio E-IB, por lo que no precisó tratamiento adyuvante. En noviembre de 2011, a la edad de 37 años, la paciente comienza con clínica de rectorragia y, dado el antecedente paterno de cáncer de colon a edad temprana, se deriva a digestivo para realización de colonoscopia, en la que se observan varios pólipos adenomatosos que se extirpan. En la colonoscopia de seguimiento a los dos años, en marzo de 2013, se observa lesión polipoide ulcerada de 22 x 65 cm que se biopsia, con resultado anatomo-patológico de adenoma tubular de intestino grueso con displasia moderada-severa, por lo que en abril de 2013 es intervenida mediante hemicolectomía derecha, con resultado anatomopatológico final de carcinoma de células de anillo de sello que infiltra la capa muscular propia sin sobrepasarla, y presencia de metástasis en dos de las doce adenopatías aisladas, lo que corresponde a pT2pN1b (2/12) y a un estadio IIIA. Tras la cirugía, es derivada a Oncología para valoración de tratamiento adyuvante, iniciándose tratamiento con esquema FOLFOX, 5-fluoro-uracilo (5-FU) 400 mg/m² en bolo, infusión durante 48 h de 5-FU a dosis de 2.400 mg/m² y oxaliplatino 85 mg/m² día 1 cada 14 días por 12 ciclos, durante 6 meses. Se consulta además con la Unidad de Consejo Genético que realiza estudio inmunohistoquímico en la pieza tumoral con el hallazgo de déficit de expresión de MLH1 y PSM2 asociado a inestabilidad de microsatélites, motivo por el que se solicita estudio germinal, en el que se aprecia mutación en la posición 1.420 del exón 13 del gen MLH1 en heterocigosis, descrita como patogénica y compatible con diagnóstico de síndrome de Lynch. Tras finalizar la quimioterapia, la paciente comienza revisiones periódicas sin mostrar alteraciones desde noviembre 2013 a enero 2017. Enfermedad actual En abril del 2017, la paciente acude a Urgencias por cuadro consistente en vómitos, dolor abdominal localizado en hipocondrio derecho e ictericia cutáneo-mucosa con coluria y acolia. En Urgencias, tras realización de analítica general en la que se observa alteración de las cifras de bilirrubina, se decide ingreso a cargo de Medicina Interna para ampliar estudio. Exploración física Paciente con aceptable estado general, en la exploración destaca coloración ictérica cutáneo mucosa y dolor a la palpación de hipocondrio derecho sin signos de peritonismo ni defensa. Pruebas complementarias En Urgencias se realiza analítica general que muestra alteración del perfil hepático con cifras de bilirrubina total de 6,08 mg/dl (0,2-1,2 mg/dl), 3,35 mg/dl (0-0,25 mg/dl) de bilirrubina directa, aumento de transaminasas GOT 100 (0-37 U/l) y GPT 236 (0-41 U/l), con hemograma normal y ecografía abdominal en la que se aprecia dilatación de vías biliares intra y extrahepáticas sin visualizar colédoco distal ni la región pancreática. Durante el ingreso en Medicina Interna, se realiza colangiorresonancia en la que se observa rarefacción de la encrucijada duodeno-pancreática de aproximadamente 32 x 28 mm, valorando como primera opción proceso neoplásico a dicho nivel. Se amplía el estudio con colangiopancreatografía retrógrada para colocación de prótesis de drenaje de la vía biliar y toma de biopsia, visualizándose en la colangiografía marcada dilatación de la vía biliar intrahepática con estenosis casi completa del hepático medio sugestiva de tumor de Klastkin. Antes esta estenosis, se procede a esfinterotomía con colocación de prótesis y toma citología con resultado anatomo-patológico negativo para neoplasia. Se decide realizar embolización portal-hepática y posterior cirugía en julio de 2017 mediante hepatectomía parcial derecha y duodenopancreatectomía cefálica. Diagnóstico Colangiocarcinoma extrahepático moderadamente diferenciado de 13,4 mm de espesor, sin evidencia de afectación ganglionar, por tanto un pT3N0, estadio IIB, en paciente con síndrome de Lynch. Tratamiento Remitida de nuevo en septiembre de 2017 a Oncología. Se decide pautar tratamiento adyuvante con 8 ciclos de capecitabina a dosis de 1.250 mg/m² cada 12 horas día 1 a 14 cada 21, según los resultados comunicados en ASCO 2017 del estudio BILCAP. Debido a la toxicidad relacionada con el síndrome de eritrodisestesia palmo-plantar grado 3 (fisuras cutáneas, edemas e hiperqueratosis asociadas a dolor, que limitan la actividad funcional), se decide disminuir la dosis al 80 % desde el cuarto ciclo. Evolución Inicia nuevamente revisiones y, en julio de 2018, hallamos un ascenso del marcador CA19,9 a 80 U/ml (0-37 U/ml) y aparición en la TC de lesiones nodulares en epiplón mayor e imagen nodular hiperdensa de 36 x 23 mm en el techo vesical, compatibles con implantes peritoneales, por lo que se decide presentar el caso en el comité de cirugía y se programa para laparotomía exploradora con toma de biopsia, que se realiza en agosto de 2018 y se obtiene un diagnóstico anatomo-patológico de infiltración por adenocarcinoma de probable origen hepatobiliar (inmunohistoquímica positiva para queratina 19, CEA y CA 19,9). Con este nuevo diagnóstico de recaída peritoneal de colangiocarcinoma, comenzamos en septiembre de 2018 la primera línea de quimioterapia paliativa con cisplatino a dosis de 25 mg/m² y gemcitabina a 100 mg/m² día 1 y 8 cada 21, con aceptable tolerancia del tratamiento. En diciembre de 2018, la paciente presenta progresión clínica con aumento del dolor abdominal e importante pérdida de peso, progresión bioquímica con marcado ascenso del CA 19,9 a cifras de 1.300 U/ml, y progresión radiológica con crecimiento de las lesiones diana, por lo que se solicita pembrolizumab off-label a dosis de fija de 200 mg cada 21 días. Tras 2 ciclos de pembrolizumab, la paciente presenta mejoría importante del dolor abdominal, llegando a estar asintomática en la última valoración en consulta en abril de 2019, sin clínica secundaria a la enfermedad ni toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento. A nivel de los marcadores el CA 19,9, muestra un claro descenso llegando a cifras de 83 U/ml tras 6 ciclos de tratamiento, y la TC de reevaluación muestra disminución del tamaño de los nódulos descritos en epiplón mayor y del implante metastásico pélvico situado en la vejiga. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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Anamnesis Se trata de una mujer caucásica de 39 años de edad con estatus socio-económico medio-alto y de profesión abogada. Fuma un paquete diario, no toma medicación de forma habitual y hasta el momento no ha presentado reacciones alérgicas a fármacos. Antecedentes familiares En la rama paterna encontramos que su abuelo y su padre fallecieron a causa de tumores de colon, produciéndose el exitus del padre a la edad de 45 años. Antecedentes personales Ha sido estudiada por Ginecología por un cuadro de hipermenorrea anemizante, detectándose un engrosamiento endometrial del que se tomó biopsia con resultado de cáncer de endometrio, por lo que fue intervenida en septiembre del 2009 a la edad de 36 años, mediante histerectomía, doble anexectomía, linfadenectomía pélvica bilateral y citología de lavado peritoneal, con estadiaje final de cáncer de endometrio E-IB, por lo que no precisó tratamiento adyuvante. En noviembre de 2011, a la edad de 37 años, la paciente comienza con clínica de rectorragia y, dado el antecedente paterno de cáncer de colon a edad temprana, se deriva a digestivo para realización de colonoscopia, en la que se observan varios pólipos adenomatosos que se extirpan. En la colonoscopia de seguimiento a los dos años, en marzo de 2013, se observa lesión polipoide ulcerada de 22 x 65 cm que se biopsia, con resultado anatomo-patológico de adenoma tubular de intestino grueso con displasia moderada-severa, por lo que en abril de 2013 es intervenida mediante hemicolectomía derecha, con resultado anatomopatológico final de carcinoma de células de anillo de sello que infiltra la capa muscular propia sin sobrepasarla, y presencia de metástasis en dos de las doce adenopatías aisladas, lo que corresponde a pT2pN1b (2/12) y a un estadio IIIA. Tras la cirugía, es derivada a Oncología para valoración de tratamiento adyuvante, iniciándose tratamiento con esquema FOLFOX, 5-fluoro-uracilo (5-FU) 400 mg/m² en bolo, infusión durante 48 h de 5-FU a dosis de 2.400 mg/m² y oxaliplatino 85 mg/m² día 1 cada 14 días por 12 ciclos, durante 6 meses. Se consulta además con la Unidad de Consejo Genético que realiza estudio inmunohistoquímico en la pieza tumoral con el hallazgo de déficit de expresión de MLH1 y PSM2 asociado a inestabilidad de microsatélites, motivo por el que se solicita estudio germinal, en el que se aprecia mutación en la posición 1.420 del exón 13 del gen MLH1 en heterocigosis, descrita como patogénica y compatible con diagnóstico de síndrome de Lynch. Tras finalizar la quimioterapia, la paciente comienza revisiones periódicas sin mostrar alteraciones desde noviembre 2013 a enero 2017. Enfermedad actual En abril del 2017, la paciente acude a Urgencias por cuadro consistente en vómitos, dolor abdominal localizado en hipocondrio derecho e ictericia cutáneo-mucosa con coluria y acolia. En Urgencias, tras realización de analítica general en la que se observa alteración de las cifras de bilirrubina, se decide ingreso a cargo de Medicina Interna para ampliar estudio. Exploración física Paciente con aceptable estado general, en la exploración destaca coloración ictérica cutáneo mucosa y dolor a la palpación de hipocondrio derecho sin signos de peritonismo ni defensa. Pruebas complementarias En Urgencias se realiza analítica general que muestra alteración del perfil hepático con cifras de bilirrubina total de 6,08 mg/dl (0,2-1,2 mg/dl), 3,35 mg/dl (0-0,25 mg/dl) de bilirrubina directa, aumento de transaminasas GOT 100 (0-37 U/l) y GPT 236 (0-41 U/l), con hemograma normal y ecografía abdominal en la que se aprecia dilatación de vías biliares intra y extrahepáticas sin visualizar colédoco distal ni la región pancreática. Durante el ingreso en Medicina Interna, se realiza colangiorresonancia en la que se observa rarefacción de la encrucijada duodeno-pancreática de aproximadamente 32 x 28 mm, valorando como primera opción proceso neoplásico a dicho nivel. Se amplía el estudio con colangiopancreatografía retrógrada para colocación de prótesis de drenaje de la vía biliar y toma de biopsia, visualizándose en la colangiografía marcada dilatación de la vía biliar intrahepática con estenosis casi completa del hepático medio sugestiva de tumor de Klastkin. Antes esta estenosis, se procede a esfinterotomía con colocación de prótesis y toma citología con resultado anatomo-patológico negativo para neoplasia. Se decide realizar embolización portal-hepática y posterior cirugía en julio de 2017 mediante hepatectomía parcial derecha y duodenopancreatectomía cefálica. Diagnóstico Colangiocarcinoma extrahepático moderadamente diferenciado de 13,4 mm de espesor, sin evidencia de afectación ganglionar, por tanto un pT3N0, estadio IIB, en paciente con síndrome de Lynch. Tratamiento Remitida de nuevo en septiembre de 2017 a Oncología. Se decide pautar tratamiento adyuvante con 8 ciclos de capecitabina a dosis de 1.250 mg/m² cada 12 horas día 1 a 14 cada 21, según los resultados comunicados en ASCO 2017 del estudio BILCAP. Debido a la toxicidad relacionada con el síndrome de eritrodisestesia palmo-plantar grado 3 (fisuras cutáneas, edemas e hiperqueratosis asociadas a dolor, que limitan la actividad funcional), se decide disminuir la dosis al 80 % desde el cuarto ciclo. Evolución Inicia nuevamente revisiones y, en julio de 2018, hallamos un ascenso del marcador CA19,9 a 80 U/ml (0-37 U/ml) y aparición en la TC de lesiones nodulares en epiplón mayor e imagen nodular hiperdensa de 36 x 23 mm en el techo vesical, compatibles con implantes peritoneales, por lo que se decide presentar el caso en el comité de cirugía y se programa para laparotomía exploradora con toma de biopsia, que se realiza en agosto de 2018 y se obtiene un diagnóstico anatomo-patológico de infiltración por adenocarcinoma de probable origen hepatobiliar (inmunohistoquímica positiva para queratina 19, CEA y CA 19,9). Con este nuevo diagnóstico de recaída peritoneal de colangiocarcinoma, comenzamos en septiembre de 2018 la primera línea de quimioterapia paliativa con cisplatino a dosis de 25 mg/m² y gemcitabina a 100 mg/m² día 1 y 8 cada 21, con aceptable tolerancia del tratamiento. En diciembre de 2018, la paciente presenta progresión clínica con aumento del dolor abdominal e importante pérdida de peso, progresión bioquímica con marcado ascenso del CA 19,9 a cifras de 1.300 U/ml, y progresión radiológica con crecimiento de las lesiones diana, por lo que se solicita pembrolizumab off-label a dosis de fija de 200 mg cada 21 días. Tras 2 ciclos de pembrolizumab, la paciente presenta mejoría importante del dolor abdominal, llegando a estar asintomática en la última valoración en consulta en abril de 2019, sin clínica secundaria a la enfermedad ni toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento. A nivel de los marcadores el CA 19,9, muestra un claro descenso llegando a cifras de 83 U/ml tras 6 ciclos de tratamiento, y la TC de reevaluación muestra disminución del tamaño de los nódulos descritos en epiplón mayor y del implante metastásico pélvico situado en la vejiga.
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"FOLFOX", ",", "5-fluoro", "-", "uracilo", "(", "5-FU", ")", "400", "mg", "/", "m²", "en", "bolo", ",", "infusión", "durante", "48", "h", "de", "5-FU", "a", "dosis", "de", "2.400", "mg", "/", "m²", "y", "oxaliplatino", "85", "mg", "/", "m²", "día", "1", "cada", "14", "días", "por", "12", "ciclos", ",", "durante", "6", "meses", ".", "\n", "Se", "consulta", "además", "con", "la", "Unidad", "de", "Consejo", "Genético", "que", "realiza", "estudio", "inmunohistoquímico", "en", "la", "pieza", "tumoral", "con", "el", "hallazgo", "de", "déficit", "de", "expresión", "de", "MLH1", "y", "PSM2", "asociado", "a", "inestabilidad", "de", "microsatélites", ",", "motivo", "por", "el", "que", "se", "solicita", "estudio", "germinal", ",", "en", "el", "que", "se", "aprecia", "mutación", "en", "la", "posición", "1.420", "del", "exón", "13", "del", "gen", "MLH1", "en", "heterocigosis", ",", "descrita", "como", "patogénica", "y", "compatible", "con", "diagnóstico", "de", "síndrome", "de", "Lynch", ".", "\n", "Tras", "finalizar", "la", "quimioterapia", ",", "la", "paciente", "comienza", "revisiones", "periódicas", "sin", "mostrar", "alteraciones", "desde", "noviembre", "2013", "a", "enero", "2017", ".", "\n\n", "Enfermedad", "actual", "\n", "En", "abril", "del", "2017", ",", "la", "paciente", "acude", "a", "Urgencias", "por", "cuadro", "consistente", "en", "vómitos", ",", "dolor", "abdominal", "localizado", "en", "hipocondrio", "derecho", "e", "ictericia", "cutáneo", "-", "mucosa", "con", "coluria", "y", "acolia", ".", "\n", "En", "Urgencias", ",", "tras", "realización", "de", "analítica", "general", "en", "la", "que", "se", "observa", "alteración", "de", "las", "cifras", "de", "bilirrubina", ",", "se", "decide", "ingreso", "a", "cargo", "de", "Medicina", "Interna", "para", "ampliar", "estudio", ".", "\n\n", "Exploración", "física", "\n", "Paciente", "con", "aceptable", "estado", "general", ",", "en", "la", "exploración", "destaca", "coloración", "ictérica", "cutáneo", "mucosa", "y", "dolor", "a", "la", "palpación", "de", "hipocondrio", "derecho", "sin", "signos", "de", "peritonismo", "ni", "defensa", ".", "\n\n", "Pruebas", "complementarias", "\n", "En", "Urgencias", "se", "realiza", "analítica", "general", "que", "muestra", "alteración", "del", "perfil", "hepático", "con", "cifras", "de", "bilirrubina", "total", "de", "6,08", "mg", "/", "dl", "(", "0,2", "-", "1,2", "mg", "/", "dl", ")", ",", "3,35", "mg", "/", "dl", "(", "0", "-", "0,25", "mg", "/", "dl", ")", "de", "bilirrubina", "directa", ",", "aumento", "de", "transaminasas", "GOT", "100", "(", "0", "-", "37", "U", "/", "l", ")", "y", "GPT", "236", "(", "0", "-", "41", "U", "/", "l", ")", ",", "con", "hemograma", "normal", "y", "ecografía", "abdominal", "en", "la", "que", "se", "aprecia", "dilatación", "de", "vías", "biliares", "intra", "y", "extrahepáticas", "sin", "visualizar", "colédoco", "distal", "ni", "la", "región", "pancreática", ".", "\n", "Durante", "el", "ingreso", "en", "Medicina", "Interna", ",", "se", "realiza", "colangiorresonancia", "en", "la", "que", "se", "observa", "rarefacción", "de", "la", "encrucijada", "duodeno", "-", "pancreática", "de", "aproximadamente", "32", "x", "28", "mm", ",", "valorando", "como", "primera", "opción", "proceso", "neoplásico", "a", "dicho", "nivel", ".", "\n", "Se", "amplía", "el", "estudio", "con", "colangiopancreatografía", "retrógrada", "para", "colocación", "de", "prótesis", "de", "drenaje", "de", "la", "vía", "biliar", "y", "toma", "de", "biopsia", ",", "visualizándose", "en", "la", "colangiografía", "marcada", "dilatación", "de", "la", "vía", "biliar", "intrahepática", "con", "estenosis", "casi", "completa", "del", "hepático", "medio", "sugestiva", "de", "tumor", "de", "Klastkin", ".", "Antes", "esta", "estenosis", ",", "se", "procede", "a", "esfinterotomía", "con", "colocación", "de", "prótesis", "y", "toma", "citología", "con", "resultado", "anatomo", "-", "patológico", "negativo", "para", "neoplasia", ".", "\n", "Se", "decide", "realizar", "embolización", "portal", "-", "hepática", "y", "posterior", "cirugía", "en", "julio", "de", "2017", "mediante", "hepatectomía", "parcial", "derecha", "y", "duodenopancreatectomía", "cefálica", ".", "\n\n", "Diagnóstico", "\n", "Colangiocarcinoma", "extrahepático", "moderadamente", "diferenciado", "de", "13,4", "mm", "de", "espesor", ",", "sin", "evidencia", "de", "afectación", "ganglionar", ",", "por", "tanto", "un", "pT3N0", ",", "estadio", "IIB", ",", "en", "paciente", "con", "síndrome", "de", "Lynch", ".", "\n\n", "Tratamiento", "\n", "Remitida", "de", "nuevo", "en", "septiembre", "de", "2017", "a", "Oncología", ".", "Se", "decide", "pautar", "tratamiento", "adyuvante", "con", "8", "ciclos", "de", "capecitabina", "a", "dosis", "de", "1.250", "mg", "/", "m²", "cada", "12", "horas", "día", "1", "a", "14", "cada", "21", ",", "según", "los", "resultados", "comunicados", "en", "ASCO", "2017", "del", "estudio", "BILCAP", ".", "\n", "Debido", "a", "la", "toxicidad", "relacionada", "con", "el", "síndrome", "de", "eritrodisestesia", "palmo", "-", "plantar", "grado", "3", "(", "fisuras", "cutáneas", ",", "edemas", "e", "hiperqueratosis", "asociadas", "a", "dolor", ",", "que", "limitan", "la", "actividad", "funcional", ")", ",", "se", "decide", "disminuir", "la", "dosis", "al", "80", "%", "desde", "el", "cuarto", "ciclo", ".", "\n\n", "Evolución", "\n", "Inicia", "nuevamente", "revisiones", "y", ",", "en", "julio", "de", "2018", ",", "hallamos", "un", "ascenso", "del", "marcador", "CA19,9", "a", "80", "U", "/", "ml", "(", "0", "-", "37", "U", "/", "ml", ")", "y", "aparición", "en", "la", "TC", "de", "lesiones", "nodulares", "en", "epiplón", "mayor", "e", "imagen", "nodular", "hiperdensa", "de", "36", "x", "23", "mm", "en", "el", "techo", "vesical", ",", "compatibles", "con", "implantes", "peritoneales", ",", "por", "lo", "que", "se", "decide", "presentar", "el", "caso", "en", "el", "comité", "de", "cirugía", "y", "se", "programa", "para", "laparotomía", "exploradora", "con", "toma", "de", "biopsia", ",", "que", "se", "realiza", "en", "agosto", "de", "2018", "y", "se", "obtiene", "un", "diagnóstico", "anatomo", "-", "patológico", "de", "infiltración", "por", "adenocarcinoma", "de", "probable", "origen", "hepatobiliar", "(", "inmunohistoquímica", "positiva", "para", "queratina", "19", ",", "CEA", "y", "CA", "19,9", ")", ".", "\n", "Con", "este", "nuevo", "diagnóstico", "de", "recaída", "peritoneal", "de", "colangiocarcinoma", ",", "comenzamos", "en", "septiembre", "de", "2018", "la", "primera", "línea", "de", "quimioterapia", "paliativa", "con", "cisplatino", "a", "dosis", "de", "25", "mg", "/", "m²", "y", "gemcitabina", "a", "100", "mg", "/", "m²", "día", "1", "y", "8", "cada", "21", ",", "con", "aceptable", "tolerancia", "del", "tratamiento", ".", "\n", "En", "diciembre", "de", "2018", ",", "la", "paciente", "presenta", "progresión", "clínica", "con", "aumento", "del", "dolor", "abdominal", "e", "importante", "pérdida", "de", "peso", ",", "progresión", "bioquímica", "con", "marcado", "ascenso", "del", "CA", "19,9", "a", "cifras", "de", "1.300", "U", "/", "ml", ",", "y", "progresión", "radiológica", "con", "crecimiento", "de", "las", "lesiones", "diana", ",", "por", "lo", "que", "se", "solicita", "pembrolizumab", "off", "-", "label", "a", "dosis", "de", "fija", "de", "200", "mg", "cada", "21", "días", ".", "\n", "Tras", "2", "ciclos", "de", "pembrolizumab", ",", "la", "paciente", "presenta", "mejoría", "importante", "del", "dolor", "abdominal", ",", "llegando", "a", "estar", "asintomática", "en", "la", "última", "valoración", "en", "consulta", "en", "abril", "de", "2019", ",", "sin", "clínica", "secundaria", "a", "la", "enfermedad", "ni", "toxicidad", "relacionada", "con", "el", "tratamiento", ".", "A", "nivel", "de", "los", "marcadores", "el", "CA", "19,9", ",", "muestra", "un", "claro", "descenso", "llegando", "a", "cifras", "de", "83", "U", "/", "ml", "tras", "6", "ciclos", "de", "tratamiento", ",", "y", "la", "TC", "de", "reevaluación", "muestra", "disminución", "del", "tamaño", "de", "los", "nódulos", "descritos", "en", "epiplón", "mayor", "y", "del", "implante", "metastásico", "pélvico", "situado", "en", "la", "vejiga", "." ]
[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]
IVS8 + 4 A > G is a DNAMutation
438_task0
Sentence: A novel DFNA5 mutation, IVS8+4 A>G, in the splice donor site of intron 8 causes late-onset non-syndromic hearing loss in a Chinese family. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: DNAMutation
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNAMutation", "I-DNAMutation", "I-DNAMutation", "I-DNAMutation", "I-DNAMutation", "I-DNAMutation", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]
A novel DFNA5 mutation, IVS8+4 A>G, in the splice donor site of intron 8 causes late-onset non-syndromic hearing loss in a Chinese family.
[ "A", "novel", "DFNA5", "mutation", ",", "IVS8", "+", "4", "A", ">", "G", ",", "in", "the", "splice", "donor", "site", "of", "intron", "8", "causes", "late", "-", "onset", "non", "-", "syndromic", "hearing", "loss", "in", "a", "Chinese", "family", "." ]
[ "DNAMutation" ]
IVS8 + 4 A > G is a DNAMutation
438_task1
Sentence: A novel DFNA5 mutation, IVS8+4 A>G, in the splice donor site of intron 8 causes late-onset non-syndromic hearing loss in a Chinese family. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: IVS8 + 4 A > G Options: DNAMutation
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNAMutation", "I-DNAMutation", "I-DNAMutation", "I-DNAMutation", "I-DNAMutation", "I-DNAMutation", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]
A novel DFNA5 mutation, IVS8+4 A>G, in the splice donor site of intron 8 causes late-onset non-syndromic hearing loss in a Chinese family.
[ "A", "novel", "DFNA5", "mutation", ",", "IVS8", "+", "4", "A", ">", "G", ",", "in", "the", "splice", "donor", "site", "of", "intron", "8", "causes", "late", "-", "onset", "non", "-", "syndromic", "hearing", "loss", "in", "a", "Chinese", "family", "." ]
[ "DNAMutation" ]
IVS8 + 4 A > G
438_task2
Sentence: A novel DFNA5 mutation, IVS8+4 A>G, in the splice donor site of intron 8 causes late-onset non-syndromic hearing loss in a Chinese family. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNAMutation", "I-DNAMutation", "I-DNAMutation", "I-DNAMutation", "I-DNAMutation", "I-DNAMutation", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]
A novel DFNA5 mutation, IVS8+4 A>G, in the splice donor site of intron 8 causes late-onset non-syndromic hearing loss in a Chinese family.
[ "A", "novel", "DFNA5", "mutation", ",", "IVS8", "+", "4", "A", ">", "G", ",", "in", "the", "splice", "donor", "site", "of", "intron", "8", "causes", "late", "-", "onset", "non", "-", "syndromic", "hearing", "loss", "in", "a", "Chinese", "family", "." ]
[ "DNAMutation" ]
beta - catenin is a protein-family, Tcf / LEF - family transcription factors is a protein-family
1.0alpha7.train.1207_task0
Sentence: Upon accumulation, beta-catenin binds and activates Tcf/LEF-family transcription factors (Peifer and Polakis, 2000). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: protein-family
[ "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]
Upon accumulation, beta-catenin binds and activates Tcf/LEF-family transcription factors (Peifer and Polakis, 2000).
[ "Upon", "accumulation", ",", "beta", "-", "catenin", "binds", "and", "activates", "Tcf", "/", "LEF", "-", "family", "transcription", "factors", "(", "Peifer", "and", "Polakis", ",", "2000", ")", "." ]
[ "protein-family" ]
beta - catenin is a protein-family, Tcf / LEF - family transcription factors is a protein-family
1.0alpha7.train.1207_task1
Sentence: Upon accumulation, beta-catenin binds and activates Tcf/LEF-family transcription factors (Peifer and Polakis, 2000). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: beta - catenin, Tcf / LEF - family transcription factors Options: protein-family
[ "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]
Upon accumulation, beta-catenin binds and activates Tcf/LEF-family transcription factors (Peifer and Polakis, 2000).
[ "Upon", "accumulation", ",", "beta", "-", "catenin", "binds", "and", "activates", "Tcf", "/", "LEF", "-", "family", "transcription", "factors", "(", "Peifer", "and", "Polakis", ",", "2000", ")", "." ]
[ "protein-family" ]
beta - catenin, Tcf / LEF - family transcription factors
1.0alpha7.train.1207_task2
Sentence: Upon accumulation, beta-catenin binds and activates Tcf/LEF-family transcription factors (Peifer and Polakis, 2000). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
[ "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]
Upon accumulation, beta-catenin binds and activates Tcf/LEF-family transcription factors (Peifer and Polakis, 2000).
[ "Upon", "accumulation", ",", "beta", "-", "catenin", "binds", "and", "activates", "Tcf", "/", "LEF", "-", "family", "transcription", "factors", "(", "Peifer", "and", "Polakis", ",", "2000", ")", "." ]
[ "protein-family" ]
transcription is an other_name, human erythropoietin receptor gene is a DNA_domain_or_region, GATA-1 and Sp1 motifs is a DNA_domain_or_region
1109_task0
Sentence: Regulation of transcription of the human erythropoietin receptor gene by proteins binding to GATA-1 and Sp1 motifs. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: DNA_domain_or_region, other_name
[ "O", "O", "B-other_name", "O", "O", "B-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "O" ]
Regulation of transcription of the human erythropoietin receptor gene by proteins binding to GATA-1 and Sp1 motifs.
[ "Regulation", "of", "transcription", "of", "the", "human", "erythropoietin", "receptor", "gene", "by", "proteins", "binding", "to", "GATA-1", "and", "Sp1", "motifs", "." ]
[ "DNA_domain_or_region", "(AND cell_type cell_type)", "(AND DNA_domain_or_region DNA_domain_or_region)", "other_name", "protein_molecule", "protein_family_or_group", "DNA_family_or_group", "cell_type", "", "RNA_molecule", "cell_line" ]
transcription is an other_name, human erythropoietin receptor gene is a DNA_domain_or_region, GATA-1 and Sp1 motifs is a DNA_domain_or_region
1109_task1
Sentence: Regulation of transcription of the human erythropoietin receptor gene by proteins binding to GATA-1 and Sp1 motifs. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: transcription, human erythropoietin receptor gene, GATA-1 and Sp1 motifs Options: DNA_domain_or_region, other_name
[ "O", "O", "B-other_name", "O", "O", "B-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "O" ]
Regulation of transcription of the human erythropoietin receptor gene by proteins binding to GATA-1 and Sp1 motifs.
[ "Regulation", "of", "transcription", "of", "the", "human", "erythropoietin", "receptor", "gene", "by", "proteins", "binding", "to", "GATA-1", "and", "Sp1", "motifs", "." ]
[ "DNA_domain_or_region", "(AND cell_type cell_type)", "(AND DNA_domain_or_region DNA_domain_or_region)", "other_name", "protein_molecule", "protein_family_or_group", "DNA_family_or_group", "cell_type", "", "RNA_molecule", "cell_line" ]
transcription, human erythropoietin receptor gene, GATA-1 and Sp1 motifs
1109_task2
Sentence: Regulation of transcription of the human erythropoietin receptor gene by proteins binding to GATA-1 and Sp1 motifs. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
[ "O", "O", "B-other_name", "O", "O", "B-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "I-DNA_domain_or_region", "O" ]
Regulation of transcription of the human erythropoietin receptor gene by proteins binding to GATA-1 and Sp1 motifs.
[ "Regulation", "of", "transcription", "of", "the", "human", "erythropoietin", "receptor", "gene", "by", "proteins", "binding", "to", "GATA-1", "and", "Sp1", "motifs", "." ]
[ "DNA_domain_or_region", "(AND cell_type cell_type)", "(AND DNA_domain_or_region DNA_domain_or_region)", "other_name", "protein_molecule", "protein_family_or_group", "DNA_family_or_group", "cell_type", "", "RNA_molecule", "cell_line" ]
adjunctive exenatide therapy is a Intervention_Pharmacological, pediatric is a Participant_Age, type 1 diabetes . is a Participant_Condition, Exenatide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, glycemic excursions is a Outcome_Physical, glucose - lowering is a Outcome_Physical, adolescents is a Participant_Age, Eight is a Participant_Sample-size, Two doses of exenatide ( 1.25 and 2.5 microg ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, insulin monotherapy is a Intervention_Pharmacological, reduced glucose excursions is a Outcome_Physical, failed to suppress glucagon but delayed gastric emptying is a Outcome_Physical, reduces postprandial hyperglycemia is a Outcome_Physical
45061_task0
Sentence: The role of adjunctive exenatide therapy in pediatric type 1 diabetes . OBJECTIVE Exenatide improves postprandial glycemic excursions in type 2 diabetes . Exenatide could benefit type 1 diabetes as well . We aimed to determine an effective and safe glucose-lowering adjuvant exenatide dose in adolescents with type 1 diabetes . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Eight subjects completed a three-part double-blinded randomized controlled study of premeal exenatide . Two doses of exenatide ( 1.25 and 2.5 microg ) were compared with insulin monotherapy . Prandial insulin dose was reduced by 20 % . Gastric emptying and hormones were analyzed for 300 min postmeal . RESULTS Treatment with both doses of exenatide versus insulin monotherapy significantly reduced glucose excursions over 300 min ( P < 0.0001 ) . Exenatide administration failed to suppress glucagon but delayed gastric emptying ( P < 0.004 ) . CONCLUSIONS Adjunctive exenatide therapy reduces postprandial hyperglycemia in adolescents with type 1 diabetes . This reduction in glucose excursion occurs despite reduction in insulin dose . We suggest that exenatide has therapeutic potential as adjunctive therapy in type 1 diabetes . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Age, Participant_Sample-size
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The role of adjunctive exenatide therapy in pediatric type 1 diabetes . OBJECTIVE Exenatide improves postprandial glycemic excursions in type 2 diabetes . Exenatide could benefit type 1 diabetes as well . We aimed to determine an effective and safe glucose-lowering adjuvant exenatide dose in adolescents with type 1 diabetes . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Eight subjects completed a three-part double-blinded randomized controlled study of premeal exenatide . Two doses of exenatide ( 1.25 and 2.5 microg ) were compared with insulin monotherapy . Prandial insulin dose was reduced by 20 % . Gastric emptying and hormones were analyzed for 300 min postmeal . RESULTS Treatment with both doses of exenatide versus insulin monotherapy significantly reduced glucose excursions over 300 min ( P < 0.0001 ) . Exenatide administration failed to suppress glucagon but delayed gastric emptying ( P < 0.004 ) . CONCLUSIONS Adjunctive exenatide therapy reduces postprandial hyperglycemia in adolescents with type 1 diabetes . This reduction in glucose excursion occurs despite reduction in insulin dose . We suggest that exenatide has therapeutic potential as adjunctive therapy in type 1 diabetes .
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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
adjunctive exenatide therapy is a Intervention_Pharmacological, pediatric is a Participant_Age, type 1 diabetes . is a Participant_Condition, Exenatide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, glycemic excursions is a Outcome_Physical, glucose - lowering is a Outcome_Physical, adolescents is a Participant_Age, Eight is a Participant_Sample-size, Two doses of exenatide ( 1.25 and 2.5 microg ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, insulin monotherapy is a Intervention_Pharmacological, reduced glucose excursions is a Outcome_Physical, failed to suppress glucagon but delayed gastric emptying is a Outcome_Physical, reduces postprandial hyperglycemia is a Outcome_Physical
45061_task1
Sentence: The role of adjunctive exenatide therapy in pediatric type 1 diabetes . OBJECTIVE Exenatide improves postprandial glycemic excursions in type 2 diabetes . Exenatide could benefit type 1 diabetes as well . We aimed to determine an effective and safe glucose-lowering adjuvant exenatide dose in adolescents with type 1 diabetes . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Eight subjects completed a three-part double-blinded randomized controlled study of premeal exenatide . Two doses of exenatide ( 1.25 and 2.5 microg ) were compared with insulin monotherapy . Prandial insulin dose was reduced by 20 % . Gastric emptying and hormones were analyzed for 300 min postmeal . RESULTS Treatment with both doses of exenatide versus insulin monotherapy significantly reduced glucose excursions over 300 min ( P < 0.0001 ) . Exenatide administration failed to suppress glucagon but delayed gastric emptying ( P < 0.004 ) . CONCLUSIONS Adjunctive exenatide therapy reduces postprandial hyperglycemia in adolescents with type 1 diabetes . This reduction in glucose excursion occurs despite reduction in insulin dose . We suggest that exenatide has therapeutic potential as adjunctive therapy in type 1 diabetes . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: adjunctive exenatide therapy, pediatric, type 1 diabetes ., Exenatide, glycemic excursions, glucose - lowering, adolescents, Eight, Two doses of exenatide ( 1.25 and 2.5 microg ), insulin monotherapy, reduced glucose excursions, failed to suppress glucagon but delayed gastric emptying, reduces postprandial hyperglycemia Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Age, Participant_Sample-size
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The role of adjunctive exenatide therapy in pediatric type 1 diabetes . OBJECTIVE Exenatide improves postprandial glycemic excursions in type 2 diabetes . Exenatide could benefit type 1 diabetes as well . We aimed to determine an effective and safe glucose-lowering adjuvant exenatide dose in adolescents with type 1 diabetes . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Eight subjects completed a three-part double-blinded randomized controlled study of premeal exenatide . Two doses of exenatide ( 1.25 and 2.5 microg ) were compared with insulin monotherapy . Prandial insulin dose was reduced by 20 % . Gastric emptying and hormones were analyzed for 300 min postmeal . RESULTS Treatment with both doses of exenatide versus insulin monotherapy significantly reduced glucose excursions over 300 min ( P < 0.0001 ) . Exenatide administration failed to suppress glucagon but delayed gastric emptying ( P < 0.004 ) . CONCLUSIONS Adjunctive exenatide therapy reduces postprandial hyperglycemia in adolescents with type 1 diabetes . This reduction in glucose excursion occurs despite reduction in insulin dose . We suggest that exenatide has therapeutic potential as adjunctive therapy in type 1 diabetes .
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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
adjunctive exenatide therapy, pediatric, type 1 diabetes ., Exenatide, glycemic excursions, glucose - lowering, adolescents, Eight, Two doses of exenatide ( 1.25 and 2.5 microg ), insulin monotherapy, reduced glucose excursions, failed to suppress glucagon but delayed gastric emptying, reduces postprandial hyperglycemia
45061_task2
Sentence: The role of adjunctive exenatide therapy in pediatric type 1 diabetes . OBJECTIVE Exenatide improves postprandial glycemic excursions in type 2 diabetes . Exenatide could benefit type 1 diabetes as well . We aimed to determine an effective and safe glucose-lowering adjuvant exenatide dose in adolescents with type 1 diabetes . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Eight subjects completed a three-part double-blinded randomized controlled study of premeal exenatide . Two doses of exenatide ( 1.25 and 2.5 microg ) were compared with insulin monotherapy . Prandial insulin dose was reduced by 20 % . Gastric emptying and hormones were analyzed for 300 min postmeal . RESULTS Treatment with both doses of exenatide versus insulin monotherapy significantly reduced glucose excursions over 300 min ( P < 0.0001 ) . Exenatide administration failed to suppress glucagon but delayed gastric emptying ( P < 0.004 ) . CONCLUSIONS Adjunctive exenatide therapy reduces postprandial hyperglycemia in adolescents with type 1 diabetes . This reduction in glucose excursion occurs despite reduction in insulin dose . We suggest that exenatide has therapeutic potential as adjunctive therapy in type 1 diabetes . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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The role of adjunctive exenatide therapy in pediatric type 1 diabetes . OBJECTIVE Exenatide improves postprandial glycemic excursions in type 2 diabetes . Exenatide could benefit type 1 diabetes as well . We aimed to determine an effective and safe glucose-lowering adjuvant exenatide dose in adolescents with type 1 diabetes . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Eight subjects completed a three-part double-blinded randomized controlled study of premeal exenatide . Two doses of exenatide ( 1.25 and 2.5 microg ) were compared with insulin monotherapy . Prandial insulin dose was reduced by 20 % . Gastric emptying and hormones were analyzed for 300 min postmeal . RESULTS Treatment with both doses of exenatide versus insulin monotherapy significantly reduced glucose excursions over 300 min ( P < 0.0001 ) . Exenatide administration failed to suppress glucagon but delayed gastric emptying ( P < 0.004 ) . CONCLUSIONS Adjunctive exenatide therapy reduces postprandial hyperglycemia in adolescents with type 1 diabetes . This reduction in glucose excursion occurs despite reduction in insulin dose . We suggest that exenatide has therapeutic potential as adjunctive therapy in type 1 diabetes .
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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
dopamine transporter is a GENE-Y, SLC6A3 is a GENE-Y, D - amphetamine is a CHEMICAL, d - amphetamine is a CHEMICAL, dopamine transporter is a GENE-Y, SLC6A3 is a GENE-Y, d - amphetamine is a CHEMICAL, amphetamine is a CHEMICAL
21280_task0
Sentence: Polymorphisms in dopamine transporter (SLC6A3) are associated with stimulant effects of D-amphetamine: an exploratory pharmacogenetic study using healthy volunteers. Individuals vary in their subjective responses to stimulant drugs, and these differences are believed to be partially genetic in origin. We evaluated associations between mood, cognitive and cardiovascular responses to d-amphetamine and four polymorphisms in the dopamine transporter (SLC6A3): rs460000, rs3756450, rs37022 and rs6869645. Healthy Caucasian male and female volunteers (N = 152) participated in a double-blind, crossover design study in which they received placebo, 10 and 20 mg of d-amphetamine. We measured self-reported rating of mood, performance on the Digit Symbol Substitution Task, blood pressure and heart rate. Individuals with the C/C genotype at rs460000 (N = 83) reported approximately twofold higher ratings of stimulation and euphoria relative to the A/A+A/C (N = 69) genotype group, at both the 10 and 20 mg doses. No other responses or SNPs showed significant effects. rs460000 is in perfect LD with rs463379 (CEU: D' = 1; r (2) = 1), which was not studied here, but has been associated with etiology of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). These findings suggest a pleiotropic effect of this polymorphic locus on both ADHD and sensitivity to the subjective effects of amphetamine. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL
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Polymorphisms in dopamine transporter (SLC6A3) are associated with stimulant effects of D-amphetamine: an exploratory pharmacogenetic study using healthy volunteers. Individuals vary in their subjective responses to stimulant drugs, and these differences are believed to be partially genetic in origin. We evaluated associations between mood, cognitive and cardiovascular responses to d-amphetamine and four polymorphisms in the dopamine transporter (SLC6A3): rs460000, rs3756450, rs37022 and rs6869645. Healthy Caucasian male and female volunteers (N = 152) participated in a double-blind, crossover design study in which they received placebo, 10 and 20 mg of d-amphetamine. We measured self-reported rating of mood, performance on the Digit Symbol Substitution Task, blood pressure and heart rate. Individuals with the C/C genotype at rs460000 (N = 83) reported approximately twofold higher ratings of stimulation and euphoria relative to the A/A+A/C (N = 69) genotype group, at both the 10 and 20 mg doses. No other responses or SNPs showed significant effects. rs460000 is in perfect LD with rs463379 (CEU: D' = 1; r (2) = 1), which was not studied here, but has been associated with etiology of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). These findings suggest a pleiotropic effect of this polymorphic locus on both ADHD and sensitivity to the subjective effects of amphetamine.
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[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]
dopamine transporter is a GENE-Y, SLC6A3 is a GENE-Y, D - amphetamine is a CHEMICAL, d - amphetamine is a CHEMICAL, dopamine transporter is a GENE-Y, SLC6A3 is a GENE-Y, d - amphetamine is a CHEMICAL, amphetamine is a CHEMICAL
21280_task1
Sentence: Polymorphisms in dopamine transporter (SLC6A3) are associated with stimulant effects of D-amphetamine: an exploratory pharmacogenetic study using healthy volunteers. Individuals vary in their subjective responses to stimulant drugs, and these differences are believed to be partially genetic in origin. We evaluated associations between mood, cognitive and cardiovascular responses to d-amphetamine and four polymorphisms in the dopamine transporter (SLC6A3): rs460000, rs3756450, rs37022 and rs6869645. Healthy Caucasian male and female volunteers (N = 152) participated in a double-blind, crossover design study in which they received placebo, 10 and 20 mg of d-amphetamine. We measured self-reported rating of mood, performance on the Digit Symbol Substitution Task, blood pressure and heart rate. Individuals with the C/C genotype at rs460000 (N = 83) reported approximately twofold higher ratings of stimulation and euphoria relative to the A/A+A/C (N = 69) genotype group, at both the 10 and 20 mg doses. No other responses or SNPs showed significant effects. rs460000 is in perfect LD with rs463379 (CEU: D' = 1; r (2) = 1), which was not studied here, but has been associated with etiology of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). These findings suggest a pleiotropic effect of this polymorphic locus on both ADHD and sensitivity to the subjective effects of amphetamine. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: dopamine transporter, SLC6A3, D - amphetamine, d - amphetamine, dopamine transporter, SLC6A3, d - amphetamine, amphetamine Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL
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Polymorphisms in dopamine transporter (SLC6A3) are associated with stimulant effects of D-amphetamine: an exploratory pharmacogenetic study using healthy volunteers. Individuals vary in their subjective responses to stimulant drugs, and these differences are believed to be partially genetic in origin. We evaluated associations between mood, cognitive and cardiovascular responses to d-amphetamine and four polymorphisms in the dopamine transporter (SLC6A3): rs460000, rs3756450, rs37022 and rs6869645. Healthy Caucasian male and female volunteers (N = 152) participated in a double-blind, crossover design study in which they received placebo, 10 and 20 mg of d-amphetamine. We measured self-reported rating of mood, performance on the Digit Symbol Substitution Task, blood pressure and heart rate. Individuals with the C/C genotype at rs460000 (N = 83) reported approximately twofold higher ratings of stimulation and euphoria relative to the A/A+A/C (N = 69) genotype group, at both the 10 and 20 mg doses. No other responses or SNPs showed significant effects. rs460000 is in perfect LD with rs463379 (CEU: D' = 1; r (2) = 1), which was not studied here, but has been associated with etiology of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). These findings suggest a pleiotropic effect of this polymorphic locus on both ADHD and sensitivity to the subjective effects of amphetamine.
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[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]
dopamine transporter, SLC6A3, D - amphetamine, d - amphetamine, dopamine transporter, SLC6A3, d - amphetamine, amphetamine
21280_task2
Sentence: Polymorphisms in dopamine transporter (SLC6A3) are associated with stimulant effects of D-amphetamine: an exploratory pharmacogenetic study using healthy volunteers. Individuals vary in their subjective responses to stimulant drugs, and these differences are believed to be partially genetic in origin. We evaluated associations between mood, cognitive and cardiovascular responses to d-amphetamine and four polymorphisms in the dopamine transporter (SLC6A3): rs460000, rs3756450, rs37022 and rs6869645. Healthy Caucasian male and female volunteers (N = 152) participated in a double-blind, crossover design study in which they received placebo, 10 and 20 mg of d-amphetamine. We measured self-reported rating of mood, performance on the Digit Symbol Substitution Task, blood pressure and heart rate. Individuals with the C/C genotype at rs460000 (N = 83) reported approximately twofold higher ratings of stimulation and euphoria relative to the A/A+A/C (N = 69) genotype group, at both the 10 and 20 mg doses. No other responses or SNPs showed significant effects. rs460000 is in perfect LD with rs463379 (CEU: D' = 1; r (2) = 1), which was not studied here, but has been associated with etiology of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). These findings suggest a pleiotropic effect of this polymorphic locus on both ADHD and sensitivity to the subjective effects of amphetamine. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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Polymorphisms in dopamine transporter (SLC6A3) are associated with stimulant effects of D-amphetamine: an exploratory pharmacogenetic study using healthy volunteers. Individuals vary in their subjective responses to stimulant drugs, and these differences are believed to be partially genetic in origin. We evaluated associations between mood, cognitive and cardiovascular responses to d-amphetamine and four polymorphisms in the dopamine transporter (SLC6A3): rs460000, rs3756450, rs37022 and rs6869645. Healthy Caucasian male and female volunteers (N = 152) participated in a double-blind, crossover design study in which they received placebo, 10 and 20 mg of d-amphetamine. We measured self-reported rating of mood, performance on the Digit Symbol Substitution Task, blood pressure and heart rate. Individuals with the C/C genotype at rs460000 (N = 83) reported approximately twofold higher ratings of stimulation and euphoria relative to the A/A+A/C (N = 69) genotype group, at both the 10 and 20 mg doses. No other responses or SNPs showed significant effects. rs460000 is in perfect LD with rs463379 (CEU: D' = 1; r (2) = 1), which was not studied here, but has been associated with etiology of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). These findings suggest a pleiotropic effect of this polymorphic locus on both ADHD and sensitivity to the subjective effects of amphetamine.
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[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]
therapy is an umlsterm, pruritus is an umlsterm, antihistamines is an umlsterm, anaesthetics is an umlsterm, histamine is an umlsterm, volunteers is an umlsterm, antipruritic is an umlsterm, maleate is an umlsterm, Fenistil is an umlsterm, gel is an umlsterm, EMLA is an umlsterm, histamine is an umlsterm, iontophoresis is an umlsterm, placebo is an umlsterm, observations is an umlsterm, skin is an umlsterm, Itch is an umlsterm, pain is an umlsterm, scale is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, itch is an umlsterm, sensation is an umlsterm, antihistaminic is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, mechanoreceptors is an umlsterm, Itching is an umlsterm, placebo is an umlsterm, urea is an umlsterm
DerHautarzt.60470355.eng.abstr_task0
Sentence: No adequate topical therapy is available for pruritus . As little is known about the local influence of antihistamines and topical anaesthetics on the pruritic effect of histamine , we studied these agents in 12 volunteers . The antipruritic effect of 15-min topical application of dimethindene maleate ( Fenistil gel ) and different agents ( Optiderm , EMLA , Xylocaine-Salbe 5% ) on subsequent focal histamine stimulus ( 20 mC ) given by iontophoresis was evaluated . The results were compared with those of pretreatment with the corresponding placebo creams and observations on skin . Wheal and flare areas were evaluated planimetrically . Itch or pain ratings were entered on a scale every minute over a 24-min period . The examination also comprised alloknesis , i.e. elicitation of perifocal itch sensation by usually non-itch-inducing ( e.g. mechanical ) stimuli . Remarkably , all topically applied substances , regardless of antihistaminic or anaesthetic potential , reduced the area of alloknesis significantly . This is likely to be a result of diminished excitability of the cutaneous mechanoreceptors . Itching was significantly reduced by all active substances , including the placebo cream corresponding to Optiderm , which might be due to the presence of urea . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm
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No adequate topical therapy is available for pruritus . As little is known about the local influence of antihistamines and topical anaesthetics on the pruritic effect of histamine , we studied these agents in 12 volunteers . The antipruritic effect of 15-min topical application of dimethindene maleate ( Fenistil gel ) and different agents ( Optiderm , EMLA , Xylocaine-Salbe 5% ) on subsequent focal histamine stimulus ( 20 mC ) given by iontophoresis was evaluated . The results were compared with those of pretreatment with the corresponding placebo creams and observations on skin . Wheal and flare areas were evaluated planimetrically . Itch or pain ratings were entered on a scale every minute over a 24-min period . The examination also comprised alloknesis , i.e. elicitation of perifocal itch sensation by usually non-itch-inducing ( e.g. mechanical ) stimuli . Remarkably , all topically applied substances , regardless of antihistaminic or anaesthetic potential , reduced the area of alloknesis significantly . This is likely to be a result of diminished excitability of the cutaneous mechanoreceptors . Itching was significantly reduced by all active substances , including the placebo cream corresponding to Optiderm , which might be due to the presence of urea .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
therapy is an umlsterm, pruritus is an umlsterm, antihistamines is an umlsterm, anaesthetics is an umlsterm, histamine is an umlsterm, volunteers is an umlsterm, antipruritic is an umlsterm, maleate is an umlsterm, Fenistil is an umlsterm, gel is an umlsterm, EMLA is an umlsterm, histamine is an umlsterm, iontophoresis is an umlsterm, placebo is an umlsterm, observations is an umlsterm, skin is an umlsterm, Itch is an umlsterm, pain is an umlsterm, scale is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, itch is an umlsterm, sensation is an umlsterm, antihistaminic is an umlsterm, anaesthetic is an umlsterm, mechanoreceptors is an umlsterm, Itching is an umlsterm, placebo is an umlsterm, urea is an umlsterm
DerHautarzt.60470355.eng.abstr_task1
Sentence: No adequate topical therapy is available for pruritus . As little is known about the local influence of antihistamines and topical anaesthetics on the pruritic effect of histamine , we studied these agents in 12 volunteers . The antipruritic effect of 15-min topical application of dimethindene maleate ( Fenistil gel ) and different agents ( Optiderm , EMLA , Xylocaine-Salbe 5% ) on subsequent focal histamine stimulus ( 20 mC ) given by iontophoresis was evaluated . The results were compared with those of pretreatment with the corresponding placebo creams and observations on skin . Wheal and flare areas were evaluated planimetrically . Itch or pain ratings were entered on a scale every minute over a 24-min period . The examination also comprised alloknesis , i.e. elicitation of perifocal itch sensation by usually non-itch-inducing ( e.g. mechanical ) stimuli . Remarkably , all topically applied substances , regardless of antihistaminic or anaesthetic potential , reduced the area of alloknesis significantly . This is likely to be a result of diminished excitability of the cutaneous mechanoreceptors . Itching was significantly reduced by all active substances , including the placebo cream corresponding to Optiderm , which might be due to the presence of urea . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: therapy, pruritus, antihistamines, anaesthetics, histamine, volunteers, antipruritic, maleate, Fenistil, gel, EMLA, histamine, iontophoresis, placebo, observations, skin, Itch, pain, scale, period, itch, sensation, antihistaminic, anaesthetic, mechanoreceptors, Itching, placebo, urea Options: umlsterm
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No adequate topical therapy is available for pruritus . As little is known about the local influence of antihistamines and topical anaesthetics on the pruritic effect of histamine , we studied these agents in 12 volunteers . The antipruritic effect of 15-min topical application of dimethindene maleate ( Fenistil gel ) and different agents ( Optiderm , EMLA , Xylocaine-Salbe 5% ) on subsequent focal histamine stimulus ( 20 mC ) given by iontophoresis was evaluated . The results were compared with those of pretreatment with the corresponding placebo creams and observations on skin . Wheal and flare areas were evaluated planimetrically . Itch or pain ratings were entered on a scale every minute over a 24-min period . The examination also comprised alloknesis , i.e. elicitation of perifocal itch sensation by usually non-itch-inducing ( e.g. mechanical ) stimuli . Remarkably , all topically applied substances , regardless of antihistaminic or anaesthetic potential , reduced the area of alloknesis significantly . This is likely to be a result of diminished excitability of the cutaneous mechanoreceptors . Itching was significantly reduced by all active substances , including the placebo cream corresponding to Optiderm , which might be due to the presence of urea .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
therapy, pruritus, antihistamines, anaesthetics, histamine, volunteers, antipruritic, maleate, Fenistil, gel, EMLA, histamine, iontophoresis, placebo, observations, skin, Itch, pain, scale, period, itch, sensation, antihistaminic, anaesthetic, mechanoreceptors, Itching, placebo, urea
DerHautarzt.60470355.eng.abstr_task2
Sentence: No adequate topical therapy is available for pruritus . As little is known about the local influence of antihistamines and topical anaesthetics on the pruritic effect of histamine , we studied these agents in 12 volunteers . The antipruritic effect of 15-min topical application of dimethindene maleate ( Fenistil gel ) and different agents ( Optiderm , EMLA , Xylocaine-Salbe 5% ) on subsequent focal histamine stimulus ( 20 mC ) given by iontophoresis was evaluated . The results were compared with those of pretreatment with the corresponding placebo creams and observations on skin . Wheal and flare areas were evaluated planimetrically . Itch or pain ratings were entered on a scale every minute over a 24-min period . The examination also comprised alloknesis , i.e. elicitation of perifocal itch sensation by usually non-itch-inducing ( e.g. mechanical ) stimuli . Remarkably , all topically applied substances , regardless of antihistaminic or anaesthetic potential , reduced the area of alloknesis significantly . This is likely to be a result of diminished excitability of the cutaneous mechanoreceptors . Itching was significantly reduced by all active substances , including the placebo cream corresponding to Optiderm , which might be due to the presence of urea . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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No adequate topical therapy is available for pruritus . As little is known about the local influence of antihistamines and topical anaesthetics on the pruritic effect of histamine , we studied these agents in 12 volunteers . The antipruritic effect of 15-min topical application of dimethindene maleate ( Fenistil gel ) and different agents ( Optiderm , EMLA , Xylocaine-Salbe 5% ) on subsequent focal histamine stimulus ( 20 mC ) given by iontophoresis was evaluated . The results were compared with those of pretreatment with the corresponding placebo creams and observations on skin . Wheal and flare areas were evaluated planimetrically . Itch or pain ratings were entered on a scale every minute over a 24-min period . The examination also comprised alloknesis , i.e. elicitation of perifocal itch sensation by usually non-itch-inducing ( e.g. mechanical ) stimuli . Remarkably , all topically applied substances , regardless of antihistaminic or anaesthetic potential , reduced the area of alloknesis significantly . This is likely to be a result of diminished excitability of the cutaneous mechanoreceptors . Itching was significantly reduced by all active substances , including the placebo cream corresponding to Optiderm , which might be due to the presence of urea .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
Objective is an umlsterm, image - analysis is an umlsterm, computer - reconstruction is an umlsterm, architecture is an umlsterm, human is an umlsterm, skin is an umlsterm, method is an umlsterm, time is an umlsterm, scale is an umlsterm
DerHautarzt.00510746.eng.abstr_task0
Sentence: Background and Objective . The combination of digital image-analysis and computer-reconstruction of the three-dimensional architecture of the human skin can make this method usable on an acceptable time scale . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm
[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]
Background and Objective . The combination of digital image-analysis and computer-reconstruction of the three-dimensional architecture of the human skin can make this method usable on an acceptable time scale .
[ "Background", "and", "Objective", ".", "The", "combination", "of", "digital", "image", "-", "analysis", "and", "computer", "-", "reconstruction", "of", "the", "three", "-", "dimensional", "architecture", "of", "the", "human", "skin", "can", "make", "this", "method", "usable", "on", "an", "acceptable", "time", "scale", "." ]
[ "umlsterm" ]
Objective is an umlsterm, image - analysis is an umlsterm, computer - reconstruction is an umlsterm, architecture is an umlsterm, human is an umlsterm, skin is an umlsterm, method is an umlsterm, time is an umlsterm, scale is an umlsterm
DerHautarzt.00510746.eng.abstr_task1
Sentence: Background and Objective . The combination of digital image-analysis and computer-reconstruction of the three-dimensional architecture of the human skin can make this method usable on an acceptable time scale . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Objective, image - analysis, computer - reconstruction, architecture, human, skin, method, time, scale Options: umlsterm
[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]
Background and Objective . The combination of digital image-analysis and computer-reconstruction of the three-dimensional architecture of the human skin can make this method usable on an acceptable time scale .
[ "Background", "and", "Objective", ".", "The", "combination", "of", "digital", "image", "-", "analysis", "and", "computer", "-", "reconstruction", "of", "the", "three", "-", "dimensional", "architecture", "of", "the", "human", "skin", "can", "make", "this", "method", "usable", "on", "an", "acceptable", "time", "scale", "." ]
[ "umlsterm" ]
Objective, image - analysis, computer - reconstruction, architecture, human, skin, method, time, scale
DerHautarzt.00510746.eng.abstr_task2
Sentence: Background and Objective . The combination of digital image-analysis and computer-reconstruction of the three-dimensional architecture of the human skin can make this method usable on an acceptable time scale . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]
Background and Objective . The combination of digital image-analysis and computer-reconstruction of the three-dimensional architecture of the human skin can make this method usable on an acceptable time scale .
[ "Background", "and", "Objective", ".", "The", "combination", "of", "digital", "image", "-", "analysis", "and", "computer", "-", "reconstruction", "of", "the", "three", "-", "dimensional", "architecture", "of", "the", "human", "skin", "can", "make", "this", "method", "usable", "on", "an", "acceptable", "time", "scale", "." ]
[ "umlsterm" ]
remifentanil is a Intervention_Pharmacological, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ( ESWL ) . is a Intervention_Physical, Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy is a Intervention_Physical, Patients ' vital signs is a Outcome_Physical, additional analgesic requests is a Outcome_Other, PONV ( postoperative nausea and vomiting is a Outcome_Physical, Obsever ' s Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scale is a Outcome_Physical, Pain intensity is a Outcome_Pain, 228 is a Participant_Sample-size, regarding Likert ' s scale values is a Outcome_Other, mean VAS values is a Outcome_Other, about PONV is a Outcome_Physical, hypotension , oxygen desaturation and respiratory depression is a Outcome_Physical, The fifth degree of O / ASS is a Outcome_Physical
60453_task0
Sentence: Total intravenous anesthesia using remifentanil in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ( ESWL ) . Comparison of two dosages : a randomized clinical trial . BACKGROUND Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy is usually performed in day surgery setting , consequently people who undergo to this procedure need a safe and fast recovery . Conscious sedation with remifentanil can relieve from pain and keep patients in touch with anaesthesiologists . Few publications tell about infusion rates administered to perform this procedure7 . The aim of this study is to assess which is the most appropriate infusion rate . METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to two groups . Two different infusion rates were compared : 0,05 mcg/kg/min , GROUP A ( N.=114 ) , vs. 0.1 µg/kg/min , GROUP B ( N.=114 ) . Patients ' vital signs , additional analgesic requests , PONV ( postoperative nausea and vomiting ) and other side effects were registered . The deepness of sedation and patient 's satisfaction were evaluated referring to Obsever 's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scale ( O/ASS ) and using a Likert 's scale respectively . Pain intensity was assessed with a 11-points VAS ( visual analogue scale ) . Differences between groups were analyzed using Student t test for independent variables . The χ2 test was used to analyze categorical variables . RESULTS The study enrolled 228 patients and assigned them to two groups ( N.=114 ) . No significant differences were found regarding Likert 's scale values ( P=0.20 ) , additional analgesic request ( P=0.30 ) and mean VAS values ( P > 0.05 ) between the two groups . The difference between the two groups about PONV , hypotension , oxygen desaturation and respiratory depression was statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ) , as a matter of fact in group A these side effects occurred less frequently . The fifth degree of O/ASS was estimated in about 1.61±0.19 min and 2.987±0.20 min in group A and in group B respectively ( P < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSION According with previous results remifentanil at the infusion rate of 0.05 µg/kg/min provides an effective analgesia , causing a lower incidence of side effect than 0.1 µg/kg/min , granting a fast and safe recovery . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Physical, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Pain, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other
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Total intravenous anesthesia using remifentanil in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ( ESWL ) . Comparison of two dosages : a randomized clinical trial . BACKGROUND Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy is usually performed in day surgery setting , consequently people who undergo to this procedure need a safe and fast recovery . Conscious sedation with remifentanil can relieve from pain and keep patients in touch with anaesthesiologists . Few publications tell about infusion rates administered to perform this procedure7 . The aim of this study is to assess which is the most appropriate infusion rate . METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to two groups . Two different infusion rates were compared : 0,05 mcg/kg/min , GROUP A ( N.=114 ) , vs. 0.1 µg/kg/min , GROUP B ( N.=114 ) . Patients ' vital signs , additional analgesic requests , PONV ( postoperative nausea and vomiting ) and other side effects were registered . The deepness of sedation and patient 's satisfaction were evaluated referring to Obsever 's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scale ( O/ASS ) and using a Likert 's scale respectively . Pain intensity was assessed with a 11-points VAS ( visual analogue scale ) . Differences between groups were analyzed using Student t test for independent variables . The χ2 test was used to analyze categorical variables . RESULTS The study enrolled 228 patients and assigned them to two groups ( N.=114 ) . No significant differences were found regarding Likert 's scale values ( P=0.20 ) , additional analgesic request ( P=0.30 ) and mean VAS values ( P > 0.05 ) between the two groups . The difference between the two groups about PONV , hypotension , oxygen desaturation and respiratory depression was statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ) , as a matter of fact in group A these side effects occurred less frequently . The fifth degree of O/ASS was estimated in about 1.61±0.19 min and 2.987±0.20 min in group A and in group B respectively ( P < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSION According with previous results remifentanil at the infusion rate of 0.05 µg/kg/min provides an effective analgesia , causing a lower incidence of side effect than 0.1 µg/kg/min , granting a fast and safe recovery .
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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Physical", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Pain", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
remifentanil is a Intervention_Pharmacological, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ( ESWL ) . is a Intervention_Physical, Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy is a Intervention_Physical, Patients ' vital signs is a Outcome_Physical, additional analgesic requests is a Outcome_Other, PONV ( postoperative nausea and vomiting is a Outcome_Physical, Obsever ' s Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scale is a Outcome_Physical, Pain intensity is a Outcome_Pain, 228 is a Participant_Sample-size, regarding Likert ' s scale values is a Outcome_Other, mean VAS values is a Outcome_Other, about PONV is a Outcome_Physical, hypotension , oxygen desaturation and respiratory depression is a Outcome_Physical, The fifth degree of O / ASS is a Outcome_Physical
60453_task1
Sentence: Total intravenous anesthesia using remifentanil in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ( ESWL ) . Comparison of two dosages : a randomized clinical trial . BACKGROUND Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy is usually performed in day surgery setting , consequently people who undergo to this procedure need a safe and fast recovery . Conscious sedation with remifentanil can relieve from pain and keep patients in touch with anaesthesiologists . Few publications tell about infusion rates administered to perform this procedure7 . The aim of this study is to assess which is the most appropriate infusion rate . METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to two groups . Two different infusion rates were compared : 0,05 mcg/kg/min , GROUP A ( N.=114 ) , vs. 0.1 µg/kg/min , GROUP B ( N.=114 ) . Patients ' vital signs , additional analgesic requests , PONV ( postoperative nausea and vomiting ) and other side effects were registered . The deepness of sedation and patient 's satisfaction were evaluated referring to Obsever 's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scale ( O/ASS ) and using a Likert 's scale respectively . Pain intensity was assessed with a 11-points VAS ( visual analogue scale ) . Differences between groups were analyzed using Student t test for independent variables . The χ2 test was used to analyze categorical variables . RESULTS The study enrolled 228 patients and assigned them to two groups ( N.=114 ) . No significant differences were found regarding Likert 's scale values ( P=0.20 ) , additional analgesic request ( P=0.30 ) and mean VAS values ( P > 0.05 ) between the two groups . The difference between the two groups about PONV , hypotension , oxygen desaturation and respiratory depression was statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ) , as a matter of fact in group A these side effects occurred less frequently . The fifth degree of O/ASS was estimated in about 1.61±0.19 min and 2.987±0.20 min in group A and in group B respectively ( P < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSION According with previous results remifentanil at the infusion rate of 0.05 µg/kg/min provides an effective analgesia , causing a lower incidence of side effect than 0.1 µg/kg/min , granting a fast and safe recovery . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: remifentanil, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ( ESWL ) ., Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy, Patients ' vital signs, additional analgesic requests, PONV ( postoperative nausea and vomiting, Obsever ' s Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scale, Pain intensity, 228, regarding Likert ' s scale values, mean VAS values, about PONV, hypotension , oxygen desaturation and respiratory depression, The fifth degree of O / ASS Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Physical, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Pain, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other
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Total intravenous anesthesia using remifentanil in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ( ESWL ) . Comparison of two dosages : a randomized clinical trial . BACKGROUND Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy is usually performed in day surgery setting , consequently people who undergo to this procedure need a safe and fast recovery . Conscious sedation with remifentanil can relieve from pain and keep patients in touch with anaesthesiologists . Few publications tell about infusion rates administered to perform this procedure7 . The aim of this study is to assess which is the most appropriate infusion rate . METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to two groups . Two different infusion rates were compared : 0,05 mcg/kg/min , GROUP A ( N.=114 ) , vs. 0.1 µg/kg/min , GROUP B ( N.=114 ) . Patients ' vital signs , additional analgesic requests , PONV ( postoperative nausea and vomiting ) and other side effects were registered . The deepness of sedation and patient 's satisfaction were evaluated referring to Obsever 's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scale ( O/ASS ) and using a Likert 's scale respectively . Pain intensity was assessed with a 11-points VAS ( visual analogue scale ) . Differences between groups were analyzed using Student t test for independent variables . The χ2 test was used to analyze categorical variables . RESULTS The study enrolled 228 patients and assigned them to two groups ( N.=114 ) . No significant differences were found regarding Likert 's scale values ( P=0.20 ) , additional analgesic request ( P=0.30 ) and mean VAS values ( P > 0.05 ) between the two groups . The difference between the two groups about PONV , hypotension , oxygen desaturation and respiratory depression was statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ) , as a matter of fact in group A these side effects occurred less frequently . The fifth degree of O/ASS was estimated in about 1.61±0.19 min and 2.987±0.20 min in group A and in group B respectively ( P < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSION According with previous results remifentanil at the infusion rate of 0.05 µg/kg/min provides an effective analgesia , causing a lower incidence of side effect than 0.1 µg/kg/min , granting a fast and safe recovery .
[ "Total", "intravenous", "anesthesia", "using", "remifentanil", "in", "extracorporeal", "shock", "wave", "lithotripsy", "(", "ESWL", ")", ".", "Comparison", "of", "two", "dosages", ":", "a", "randomized", "clinical", "trial", ".", "BACKGROUND", "Extracorporeal", "Shock", "Wave", "Lithotripsy", "is", "usually", "performed", "in", "day", "surgery", "setting", ",", "consequently", "people", "who", "undergo", "to", "this", "procedure", "need", "a", "safe", "and", "fast", "recovery", ".", "Conscious", "sedation", "with", "remifentanil", "can", "relieve", "from", "pain", "and", "keep", "patients", "in", "touch", "with", "anaesthesiologists", ".", "Few", "publications", "tell", "about", "infusion", "rates", "administered", "to", "perform", "this", "procedure7", ".", "The", "aim", "of", "this", "study", "is", "to", "assess", "which", "is", "the", "most", "appropriate", "infusion", "rate", ".", "METHODS", "Patients", "were", "randomly", "assigned", "to", "two", "groups", ".", "Two", "different", "infusion", "rates", "were", "compared", ":", "0,05", "mcg", "/", "kg", "/", "min", ",", "GROUP", "A", "(", "N.=114", ")", ",", "vs", ".", "0.1", "µg", "/", "kg", "/", "min", ",", "GROUP", "B", "(", "N.=114", ")", ".", "Patients", "'", "vital", "signs", ",", "additional", "analgesic", "requests", ",", "PONV", "(", "postoperative", "nausea", "and", "vomiting", ")", "and", "other", "side", "effects", "were", "registered", ".", "The", "deepness", "of", "sedation", "and", "patient", "'", "s", "satisfaction", "were", "evaluated", "referring", "to", "Obsever", "'", "s", "Assessment", "of", "Alertness", "and", "Sedation", "scale", "(", "O", "/", "ASS", ")", "and", "using", "a", "Likert", "'", "s", "scale", "respectively", ".", "Pain", "intensity", "was", "assessed", "with", "a", "11-points", "VAS", "(", "visual", "analogue", "scale", ")", ".", "Differences", "between", "groups", "were", "analyzed", "using", "Student", "t", "test", "for", "independent", "variables", ".", "The", "χ2", "test", "was", "used", "to", "analyze", "categorical", "variables", ".", "RESULTS", "The", "study", "enrolled", "228", "patients", "and", "assigned", "them", "to", "two", "groups", "(", "N.=114", ")", ".", "No", "significant", "differences", "were", "found", "regarding", "Likert", "'", "s", "scale", "values", "(", "P=0.20", ")", ",", "additional", "analgesic", "request", "(", "P=0.30", ")", "and", "mean", "VAS", "values", "(", "P", ">", "0.05", ")", "between", "the", "two", "groups", ".", "The", "difference", "between", "the", "two", "groups", "about", "PONV", ",", "hypotension", ",", "oxygen", "desaturation", "and", "respiratory", "depression", "was", "statistically", "significant", "(", "P", "<", "0.05", ")", ",", "as", "a", "matter", "of", "fact", "in", "group", "A", "these", "side", "effects", "occurred", "less", "frequently", ".", "The", "fifth", "degree", "of", "O", "/", "ASS", "was", "estimated", "in", "about", "1.61±0.19", "min", "and", "2.987±0.20", "min", "in", "group", "A", "and", "in", "group", "B", "respectively", "(", "P", "<", "0.05", ")", ".", "CONCLUSION", "According", "with", "previous", "results", "remifentanil", "at", "the", "infusion", "rate", "of", "0.05", "µg", "/", "kg", "/", "min", "provides", "an", "effective", "analgesia", ",", "causing", "a", "lower", "incidence", "of", "side", "effect", "than", "0.1", "µg", "/", "kg", "/", "min", ",", "granting", "a", "fast", "and", "safe", "recovery", "." ]
[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Physical", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Pain", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
remifentanil, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ( ESWL ) ., Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy, Patients ' vital signs, additional analgesic requests, PONV ( postoperative nausea and vomiting, Obsever ' s Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scale, Pain intensity, 228, regarding Likert ' s scale values, mean VAS values, about PONV, hypotension , oxygen desaturation and respiratory depression, The fifth degree of O / ASS
60453_task2
Sentence: Total intravenous anesthesia using remifentanil in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ( ESWL ) . Comparison of two dosages : a randomized clinical trial . BACKGROUND Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy is usually performed in day surgery setting , consequently people who undergo to this procedure need a safe and fast recovery . Conscious sedation with remifentanil can relieve from pain and keep patients in touch with anaesthesiologists . Few publications tell about infusion rates administered to perform this procedure7 . The aim of this study is to assess which is the most appropriate infusion rate . METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to two groups . Two different infusion rates were compared : 0,05 mcg/kg/min , GROUP A ( N.=114 ) , vs. 0.1 µg/kg/min , GROUP B ( N.=114 ) . Patients ' vital signs , additional analgesic requests , PONV ( postoperative nausea and vomiting ) and other side effects were registered . The deepness of sedation and patient 's satisfaction were evaluated referring to Obsever 's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scale ( O/ASS ) and using a Likert 's scale respectively . Pain intensity was assessed with a 11-points VAS ( visual analogue scale ) . Differences between groups were analyzed using Student t test for independent variables . The χ2 test was used to analyze categorical variables . RESULTS The study enrolled 228 patients and assigned them to two groups ( N.=114 ) . No significant differences were found regarding Likert 's scale values ( P=0.20 ) , additional analgesic request ( P=0.30 ) and mean VAS values ( P > 0.05 ) between the two groups . The difference between the two groups about PONV , hypotension , oxygen desaturation and respiratory depression was statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ) , as a matter of fact in group A these side effects occurred less frequently . The fifth degree of O/ASS was estimated in about 1.61±0.19 min and 2.987±0.20 min in group A and in group B respectively ( P < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSION According with previous results remifentanil at the infusion rate of 0.05 µg/kg/min provides an effective analgesia , causing a lower incidence of side effect than 0.1 µg/kg/min , granting a fast and safe recovery . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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Total intravenous anesthesia using remifentanil in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ( ESWL ) . Comparison of two dosages : a randomized clinical trial . BACKGROUND Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy is usually performed in day surgery setting , consequently people who undergo to this procedure need a safe and fast recovery . Conscious sedation with remifentanil can relieve from pain and keep patients in touch with anaesthesiologists . Few publications tell about infusion rates administered to perform this procedure7 . The aim of this study is to assess which is the most appropriate infusion rate . METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to two groups . Two different infusion rates were compared : 0,05 mcg/kg/min , GROUP A ( N.=114 ) , vs. 0.1 µg/kg/min , GROUP B ( N.=114 ) . Patients ' vital signs , additional analgesic requests , PONV ( postoperative nausea and vomiting ) and other side effects were registered . The deepness of sedation and patient 's satisfaction were evaluated referring to Obsever 's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scale ( O/ASS ) and using a Likert 's scale respectively . Pain intensity was assessed with a 11-points VAS ( visual analogue scale ) . Differences between groups were analyzed using Student t test for independent variables . The χ2 test was used to analyze categorical variables . RESULTS The study enrolled 228 patients and assigned them to two groups ( N.=114 ) . No significant differences were found regarding Likert 's scale values ( P=0.20 ) , additional analgesic request ( P=0.30 ) and mean VAS values ( P > 0.05 ) between the two groups . The difference between the two groups about PONV , hypotension , oxygen desaturation and respiratory depression was statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ) , as a matter of fact in group A these side effects occurred less frequently . The fifth degree of O/ASS was estimated in about 1.61±0.19 min and 2.987±0.20 min in group A and in group B respectively ( P < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSION According with previous results remifentanil at the infusion rate of 0.05 µg/kg/min provides an effective analgesia , causing a lower incidence of side effect than 0.1 µg/kg/min , granting a fast and safe recovery .
[ "Total", "intravenous", "anesthesia", "using", "remifentanil", "in", "extracorporeal", "shock", "wave", "lithotripsy", "(", "ESWL", ")", ".", "Comparison", "of", "two", "dosages", ":", "a", "randomized", "clinical", "trial", ".", "BACKGROUND", "Extracorporeal", "Shock", "Wave", "Lithotripsy", "is", "usually", "performed", "in", "day", "surgery", "setting", ",", "consequently", "people", "who", "undergo", "to", "this", "procedure", "need", "a", "safe", "and", "fast", "recovery", ".", "Conscious", "sedation", "with", "remifentanil", "can", "relieve", "from", "pain", "and", "keep", "patients", "in", "touch", "with", "anaesthesiologists", ".", "Few", "publications", "tell", "about", "infusion", "rates", "administered", "to", "perform", "this", "procedure7", ".", "The", "aim", "of", "this", "study", "is", "to", "assess", "which", "is", "the", "most", "appropriate", "infusion", "rate", ".", "METHODS", "Patients", "were", "randomly", "assigned", "to", "two", "groups", ".", "Two", "different", "infusion", "rates", "were", "compared", ":", "0,05", "mcg", "/", "kg", "/", "min", ",", "GROUP", "A", "(", "N.=114", ")", ",", "vs", ".", "0.1", "µg", "/", "kg", "/", "min", ",", "GROUP", "B", "(", "N.=114", ")", ".", "Patients", "'", "vital", "signs", ",", "additional", "analgesic", "requests", ",", "PONV", "(", "postoperative", "nausea", "and", "vomiting", ")", "and", "other", "side", "effects", "were", "registered", ".", "The", "deepness", "of", "sedation", "and", "patient", "'", "s", "satisfaction", "were", "evaluated", "referring", "to", "Obsever", "'", "s", "Assessment", "of", "Alertness", "and", "Sedation", "scale", "(", "O", "/", "ASS", ")", "and", "using", "a", "Likert", "'", "s", "scale", "respectively", ".", "Pain", "intensity", "was", "assessed", "with", "a", "11-points", "VAS", "(", "visual", "analogue", "scale", ")", ".", "Differences", "between", "groups", "were", "analyzed", "using", "Student", "t", "test", "for", "independent", "variables", ".", "The", "χ2", "test", "was", "used", "to", "analyze", "categorical", "variables", ".", "RESULTS", "The", "study", "enrolled", "228", "patients", "and", "assigned", "them", "to", "two", "groups", "(", "N.=114", ")", ".", "No", "significant", "differences", "were", "found", "regarding", "Likert", "'", "s", "scale", "values", "(", "P=0.20", ")", ",", "additional", "analgesic", "request", "(", "P=0.30", ")", "and", "mean", "VAS", "values", "(", "P", ">", "0.05", ")", "between", "the", "two", "groups", ".", "The", "difference", "between", "the", "two", "groups", "about", "PONV", ",", "hypotension", ",", "oxygen", "desaturation", "and", "respiratory", "depression", "was", "statistically", "significant", "(", "P", "<", "0.05", ")", ",", "as", "a", "matter", "of", "fact", "in", "group", "A", "these", "side", "effects", "occurred", "less", "frequently", ".", "The", "fifth", "degree", "of", "O", "/", "ASS", "was", "estimated", "in", "about", "1.61±0.19", "min", "and", "2.987±0.20", "min", "in", "group", "A", "and", "in", "group", "B", "respectively", "(", "P", "<", "0.05", ")", ".", "CONCLUSION", "According", "with", "previous", "results", "remifentanil", "at", "the", "infusion", "rate", "of", "0.05", "µg", "/", "kg", "/", "min", "provides", "an", "effective", "analgesia", ",", "causing", "a", "lower", "incidence", "of", "side", "effect", "than", "0.1", "µg", "/", "kg", "/", "min", ",", "granting", "a", "fast", "and", "safe", "recovery", "." ]
[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Physical", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Pain", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
Risiko is an umlsterm, Plattenepithelkarzinome is an umlsterm, Alkohol- is an umlsterm, Tabakkonsum is an umlsterm, Berufsgruppe is an umlsterm, Asbestfeinstaub is an umlsterm, Steinkohleteerinhaltsstoffen is an umlsterm, Metall- is an umlsterm, Holz- is an umlsterm, Zementstaub is an umlsterm, Farben is an umlsterm
HNO.90470730.ger.abstr_task0
Sentence: Hintergrund : Beschaeftigte in der Bauindustrie weisen ein erhoehtes Risiko fuer Plattenepithelkarzinome im Bereich des oberen Aerodigestivtraktes auf . Dies ist einerseits auf den hohen Alkohol- und Tabakkonsum in dieser Berufsgruppe zurueckzufuehren . Anderseits scheint die berufliche Exposition gegenueber einer Reihe von Schadstoffen wie z.B. Asbestfeinstaub , Steinkohleteerinhaltsstoffen , Metall- , Holz- und Zementstaub und Farben das Krebsrisiko wesentlich zu beeinflussen . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]
Hintergrund : Beschaeftigte in der Bauindustrie weisen ein erhoehtes Risiko fuer Plattenepithelkarzinome im Bereich des oberen Aerodigestivtraktes auf . Dies ist einerseits auf den hohen Alkohol- und Tabakkonsum in dieser Berufsgruppe zurueckzufuehren . Anderseits scheint die berufliche Exposition gegenueber einer Reihe von Schadstoffen wie z.B. Asbestfeinstaub , Steinkohleteerinhaltsstoffen , Metall- , Holz- und Zementstaub und Farben das Krebsrisiko wesentlich zu beeinflussen .
[ "Hintergrund", ":", "Beschaeftigte", "in", "der", "Bauindustrie", "weisen", "ein", "erhoehtes", "Risiko", "fuer", "Plattenepithelkarzinome", "im", "Bereich", "des", "oberen", "Aerodigestivtraktes", "auf", ".", "Dies", "ist", "einerseits", "auf", "den", "hohen", "Alkohol-", "und", "Tabakkonsum", "in", "dieser", "Berufsgruppe", "zurueckzufuehren", ".", "Anderseits", "scheint", "die", "berufliche", "Exposition", "gegenueber", "einer", "Reihe", "von", "Schadstoffen", "wie", "z.", "B.", "Asbestfeinstaub", ",", "Steinkohleteerinhaltsstoffen", ",", "Metall-", ",", "Holz-", "und", "Zementstaub", "und", "Farben", "das", "Krebsrisiko", "wesentlich", "zu", "beeinflussen", "." ]
[ "umlsterm" ]
Risiko is an umlsterm, Plattenepithelkarzinome is an umlsterm, Alkohol- is an umlsterm, Tabakkonsum is an umlsterm, Berufsgruppe is an umlsterm, Asbestfeinstaub is an umlsterm, Steinkohleteerinhaltsstoffen is an umlsterm, Metall- is an umlsterm, Holz- is an umlsterm, Zementstaub is an umlsterm, Farben is an umlsterm
HNO.90470730.ger.abstr_task1
Sentence: Hintergrund : Beschaeftigte in der Bauindustrie weisen ein erhoehtes Risiko fuer Plattenepithelkarzinome im Bereich des oberen Aerodigestivtraktes auf . Dies ist einerseits auf den hohen Alkohol- und Tabakkonsum in dieser Berufsgruppe zurueckzufuehren . Anderseits scheint die berufliche Exposition gegenueber einer Reihe von Schadstoffen wie z.B. Asbestfeinstaub , Steinkohleteerinhaltsstoffen , Metall- , Holz- und Zementstaub und Farben das Krebsrisiko wesentlich zu beeinflussen . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Risiko, Plattenepithelkarzinome, Alkohol-, Tabakkonsum, Berufsgruppe, Asbestfeinstaub, Steinkohleteerinhaltsstoffen, Metall-, Holz-, Zementstaub, Farben Options: umlsterm
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]
Hintergrund : Beschaeftigte in der Bauindustrie weisen ein erhoehtes Risiko fuer Plattenepithelkarzinome im Bereich des oberen Aerodigestivtraktes auf . Dies ist einerseits auf den hohen Alkohol- und Tabakkonsum in dieser Berufsgruppe zurueckzufuehren . Anderseits scheint die berufliche Exposition gegenueber einer Reihe von Schadstoffen wie z.B. Asbestfeinstaub , Steinkohleteerinhaltsstoffen , Metall- , Holz- und Zementstaub und Farben das Krebsrisiko wesentlich zu beeinflussen .
[ "Hintergrund", ":", "Beschaeftigte", "in", "der", "Bauindustrie", "weisen", "ein", "erhoehtes", "Risiko", "fuer", "Plattenepithelkarzinome", "im", "Bereich", "des", "oberen", "Aerodigestivtraktes", "auf", ".", "Dies", "ist", "einerseits", "auf", "den", "hohen", "Alkohol-", "und", "Tabakkonsum", "in", "dieser", "Berufsgruppe", "zurueckzufuehren", ".", "Anderseits", "scheint", "die", "berufliche", "Exposition", "gegenueber", "einer", "Reihe", "von", "Schadstoffen", "wie", "z.", "B.", "Asbestfeinstaub", ",", "Steinkohleteerinhaltsstoffen", ",", "Metall-", ",", "Holz-", "und", "Zementstaub", "und", "Farben", "das", "Krebsrisiko", "wesentlich", "zu", "beeinflussen", "." ]
[ "umlsterm" ]
Risiko, Plattenepithelkarzinome, Alkohol-, Tabakkonsum, Berufsgruppe, Asbestfeinstaub, Steinkohleteerinhaltsstoffen, Metall-, Holz-, Zementstaub, Farben
HNO.90470730.ger.abstr_task2
Sentence: Hintergrund : Beschaeftigte in der Bauindustrie weisen ein erhoehtes Risiko fuer Plattenepithelkarzinome im Bereich des oberen Aerodigestivtraktes auf . Dies ist einerseits auf den hohen Alkohol- und Tabakkonsum in dieser Berufsgruppe zurueckzufuehren . Anderseits scheint die berufliche Exposition gegenueber einer Reihe von Schadstoffen wie z.B. Asbestfeinstaub , Steinkohleteerinhaltsstoffen , Metall- , Holz- und Zementstaub und Farben das Krebsrisiko wesentlich zu beeinflussen . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]
Hintergrund : Beschaeftigte in der Bauindustrie weisen ein erhoehtes Risiko fuer Plattenepithelkarzinome im Bereich des oberen Aerodigestivtraktes auf . Dies ist einerseits auf den hohen Alkohol- und Tabakkonsum in dieser Berufsgruppe zurueckzufuehren . Anderseits scheint die berufliche Exposition gegenueber einer Reihe von Schadstoffen wie z.B. Asbestfeinstaub , Steinkohleteerinhaltsstoffen , Metall- , Holz- und Zementstaub und Farben das Krebsrisiko wesentlich zu beeinflussen .
[ "Hintergrund", ":", "Beschaeftigte", "in", "der", "Bauindustrie", "weisen", "ein", "erhoehtes", "Risiko", "fuer", "Plattenepithelkarzinome", "im", "Bereich", "des", "oberen", "Aerodigestivtraktes", "auf", ".", "Dies", "ist", "einerseits", "auf", "den", "hohen", "Alkohol-", "und", "Tabakkonsum", "in", "dieser", "Berufsgruppe", "zurueckzufuehren", ".", "Anderseits", "scheint", "die", "berufliche", "Exposition", "gegenueber", "einer", "Reihe", "von", "Schadstoffen", "wie", "z.", "B.", "Asbestfeinstaub", ",", "Steinkohleteerinhaltsstoffen", ",", "Metall-", ",", "Holz-", "und", "Zementstaub", "und", "Farben", "das", "Krebsrisiko", "wesentlich", "zu", "beeinflussen", "." ]
[ "umlsterm" ]
posterior uveitis is a Participant_Condition, fluocinolone acetonide implant is a Intervention_Pharmacological, safety and efficacy is a Outcome_Other, noninfectious posterior uveitis is a Participant_Condition, 0.59-mg FA intravitreous implant is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 110 is a Participant_Sample-size, 168 is a Participant_Sample-size, Recurrence rate is a Outcome_Physical, vision is a Outcome_Physical, complications is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, Uveitis recurrence is a Outcome_Physical, improved visual acuity is a Outcome_Physical, Implanted eyes had higher incidences of intraocular pressure elevation is a Outcome_Physical, glaucoma surgery is a Outcome_Physical, Cataracts is a Outcome_Physical, reduced uveitis recurrence is a Outcome_Physical, improved or stabilized visual acuity is a Outcome_Physical, cataract extraction is a Outcome_Physical, intraocular pressure - lowering surgery is a Outcome_Physical
37103_task0
Sentence: Treatment of posterior uveitis with a fluocinolone acetonide implant : three-year clinical trial results . OBJECTIVES To evaluate the safety and efficacy of 0.59-mg and 2.1-mg fluocinolone acetonide ( FA ) intravitreous implants in noninfectious posterior uveitis . DESIGN A 3-year , multicenter , randomized , historically controlled trial of the 0.59-mg FA intravitreous implant in 110 patients and the 2.1-mg FA intravitreous implant in 168 patients . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Recurrence rate , vision , and complications . RESULTS Uveitis recurrence was reduced in implanted eyes from 62 % ( during the 1-year preimplantation period ) to 4 % , 10 % , and 20 % during the 1- , 2- , and 3-year postimplantation periods , respectively , for the 0.59-mg dose group ( P < .01 ) and from 58 % to 7 % , 17 % , and 41 % , respectively , for the 2.1-mg dose group ( P < .01 ) . More implanted eyes than nonimplanted eyes had improved visual acuity ( P < .01 ) . Implanted eyes had higher incidences of intraocular pressure elevation ( > or = 10 mm Hg ) than nonimplanted eyes ( P < .01 ) , and glaucoma surgery was required in 40 % of implanted eyes vs 2 % of nonimplanted eyes ( P < .01 ) . Cataracts were extracted in 93 % of phakic implanted eyes vs 20 % of phakic nonimplanted eyes ( P < .01 ) . CONCLUSIONS The FA implant significantly reduced uveitis recurrence and improved or stabilized visual acuity in subjects with noninfectious posterior uveitis . Most subjects required cataract extraction , and a significant proportion required intraocular pressure-lowering surgery . APPLICATION TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The FA implant provides an alternative therapy for prolonged control of inflammation in noninfectious posterior uveitis . TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier : NCT00407082 . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other
[ "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]
Treatment of posterior uveitis with a fluocinolone acetonide implant : three-year clinical trial results . OBJECTIVES To evaluate the safety and efficacy of 0.59-mg and 2.1-mg fluocinolone acetonide ( FA ) intravitreous implants in noninfectious posterior uveitis . DESIGN A 3-year , multicenter , randomized , historically controlled trial of the 0.59-mg FA intravitreous implant in 110 patients and the 2.1-mg FA intravitreous implant in 168 patients . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Recurrence rate , vision , and complications . RESULTS Uveitis recurrence was reduced in implanted eyes from 62 % ( during the 1-year preimplantation period ) to 4 % , 10 % , and 20 % during the 1- , 2- , and 3-year postimplantation periods , respectively , for the 0.59-mg dose group ( P < .01 ) and from 58 % to 7 % , 17 % , and 41 % , respectively , for the 2.1-mg dose group ( P < .01 ) . More implanted eyes than nonimplanted eyes had improved visual acuity ( P < .01 ) . Implanted eyes had higher incidences of intraocular pressure elevation ( > or = 10 mm Hg ) than nonimplanted eyes ( P < .01 ) , and glaucoma surgery was required in 40 % of implanted eyes vs 2 % of nonimplanted eyes ( P < .01 ) . Cataracts were extracted in 93 % of phakic implanted eyes vs 20 % of phakic nonimplanted eyes ( P < .01 ) . CONCLUSIONS The FA implant significantly reduced uveitis recurrence and improved or stabilized visual acuity in subjects with noninfectious posterior uveitis . Most subjects required cataract extraction , and a significant proportion required intraocular pressure-lowering surgery . APPLICATION TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The FA implant provides an alternative therapy for prolonged control of inflammation in noninfectious posterior uveitis . TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier : NCT00407082 .
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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
posterior uveitis is a Participant_Condition, fluocinolone acetonide implant is a Intervention_Pharmacological, safety and efficacy is a Outcome_Other, noninfectious posterior uveitis is a Participant_Condition, 0.59-mg FA intravitreous implant is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 110 is a Participant_Sample-size, 168 is a Participant_Sample-size, Recurrence rate is a Outcome_Physical, vision is a Outcome_Physical, complications is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, Uveitis recurrence is a Outcome_Physical, improved visual acuity is a Outcome_Physical, Implanted eyes had higher incidences of intraocular pressure elevation is a Outcome_Physical, glaucoma surgery is a Outcome_Physical, Cataracts is a Outcome_Physical, reduced uveitis recurrence is a Outcome_Physical, improved or stabilized visual acuity is a Outcome_Physical, cataract extraction is a Outcome_Physical, intraocular pressure - lowering surgery is a Outcome_Physical
37103_task1
Sentence: Treatment of posterior uveitis with a fluocinolone acetonide implant : three-year clinical trial results . OBJECTIVES To evaluate the safety and efficacy of 0.59-mg and 2.1-mg fluocinolone acetonide ( FA ) intravitreous implants in noninfectious posterior uveitis . DESIGN A 3-year , multicenter , randomized , historically controlled trial of the 0.59-mg FA intravitreous implant in 110 patients and the 2.1-mg FA intravitreous implant in 168 patients . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Recurrence rate , vision , and complications . RESULTS Uveitis recurrence was reduced in implanted eyes from 62 % ( during the 1-year preimplantation period ) to 4 % , 10 % , and 20 % during the 1- , 2- , and 3-year postimplantation periods , respectively , for the 0.59-mg dose group ( P < .01 ) and from 58 % to 7 % , 17 % , and 41 % , respectively , for the 2.1-mg dose group ( P < .01 ) . More implanted eyes than nonimplanted eyes had improved visual acuity ( P < .01 ) . Implanted eyes had higher incidences of intraocular pressure elevation ( > or = 10 mm Hg ) than nonimplanted eyes ( P < .01 ) , and glaucoma surgery was required in 40 % of implanted eyes vs 2 % of nonimplanted eyes ( P < .01 ) . Cataracts were extracted in 93 % of phakic implanted eyes vs 20 % of phakic nonimplanted eyes ( P < .01 ) . CONCLUSIONS The FA implant significantly reduced uveitis recurrence and improved or stabilized visual acuity in subjects with noninfectious posterior uveitis . Most subjects required cataract extraction , and a significant proportion required intraocular pressure-lowering surgery . APPLICATION TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The FA implant provides an alternative therapy for prolonged control of inflammation in noninfectious posterior uveitis . TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier : NCT00407082 . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: posterior uveitis, fluocinolone acetonide implant, safety and efficacy, noninfectious posterior uveitis, 0.59-mg FA intravitreous implant, 110, 168, Recurrence rate, vision, complications, Uveitis recurrence, improved visual acuity, Implanted eyes had higher incidences of intraocular pressure elevation, glaucoma surgery, Cataracts, reduced uveitis recurrence, improved or stabilized visual acuity, cataract extraction, intraocular pressure - lowering surgery Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other
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Treatment of posterior uveitis with a fluocinolone acetonide implant : three-year clinical trial results . OBJECTIVES To evaluate the safety and efficacy of 0.59-mg and 2.1-mg fluocinolone acetonide ( FA ) intravitreous implants in noninfectious posterior uveitis . DESIGN A 3-year , multicenter , randomized , historically controlled trial of the 0.59-mg FA intravitreous implant in 110 patients and the 2.1-mg FA intravitreous implant in 168 patients . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Recurrence rate , vision , and complications . RESULTS Uveitis recurrence was reduced in implanted eyes from 62 % ( during the 1-year preimplantation period ) to 4 % , 10 % , and 20 % during the 1- , 2- , and 3-year postimplantation periods , respectively , for the 0.59-mg dose group ( P < .01 ) and from 58 % to 7 % , 17 % , and 41 % , respectively , for the 2.1-mg dose group ( P < .01 ) . More implanted eyes than nonimplanted eyes had improved visual acuity ( P < .01 ) . Implanted eyes had higher incidences of intraocular pressure elevation ( > or = 10 mm Hg ) than nonimplanted eyes ( P < .01 ) , and glaucoma surgery was required in 40 % of implanted eyes vs 2 % of nonimplanted eyes ( P < .01 ) . Cataracts were extracted in 93 % of phakic implanted eyes vs 20 % of phakic nonimplanted eyes ( P < .01 ) . CONCLUSIONS The FA implant significantly reduced uveitis recurrence and improved or stabilized visual acuity in subjects with noninfectious posterior uveitis . Most subjects required cataract extraction , and a significant proportion required intraocular pressure-lowering surgery . APPLICATION TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The FA implant provides an alternative therapy for prolonged control of inflammation in noninfectious posterior uveitis . TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier : NCT00407082 .
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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
posterior uveitis, fluocinolone acetonide implant, safety and efficacy, noninfectious posterior uveitis, 0.59-mg FA intravitreous implant, 110, 168, Recurrence rate, vision, complications, Uveitis recurrence, improved visual acuity, Implanted eyes had higher incidences of intraocular pressure elevation, glaucoma surgery, Cataracts, reduced uveitis recurrence, improved or stabilized visual acuity, cataract extraction, intraocular pressure - lowering surgery
37103_task2
Sentence: Treatment of posterior uveitis with a fluocinolone acetonide implant : three-year clinical trial results . OBJECTIVES To evaluate the safety and efficacy of 0.59-mg and 2.1-mg fluocinolone acetonide ( FA ) intravitreous implants in noninfectious posterior uveitis . DESIGN A 3-year , multicenter , randomized , historically controlled trial of the 0.59-mg FA intravitreous implant in 110 patients and the 2.1-mg FA intravitreous implant in 168 patients . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Recurrence rate , vision , and complications . RESULTS Uveitis recurrence was reduced in implanted eyes from 62 % ( during the 1-year preimplantation period ) to 4 % , 10 % , and 20 % during the 1- , 2- , and 3-year postimplantation periods , respectively , for the 0.59-mg dose group ( P < .01 ) and from 58 % to 7 % , 17 % , and 41 % , respectively , for the 2.1-mg dose group ( P < .01 ) . More implanted eyes than nonimplanted eyes had improved visual acuity ( P < .01 ) . Implanted eyes had higher incidences of intraocular pressure elevation ( > or = 10 mm Hg ) than nonimplanted eyes ( P < .01 ) , and glaucoma surgery was required in 40 % of implanted eyes vs 2 % of nonimplanted eyes ( P < .01 ) . Cataracts were extracted in 93 % of phakic implanted eyes vs 20 % of phakic nonimplanted eyes ( P < .01 ) . CONCLUSIONS The FA implant significantly reduced uveitis recurrence and improved or stabilized visual acuity in subjects with noninfectious posterior uveitis . Most subjects required cataract extraction , and a significant proportion required intraocular pressure-lowering surgery . APPLICATION TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The FA implant provides an alternative therapy for prolonged control of inflammation in noninfectious posterior uveitis . TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier : NCT00407082 . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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Treatment of posterior uveitis with a fluocinolone acetonide implant : three-year clinical trial results . OBJECTIVES To evaluate the safety and efficacy of 0.59-mg and 2.1-mg fluocinolone acetonide ( FA ) intravitreous implants in noninfectious posterior uveitis . DESIGN A 3-year , multicenter , randomized , historically controlled trial of the 0.59-mg FA intravitreous implant in 110 patients and the 2.1-mg FA intravitreous implant in 168 patients . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Recurrence rate , vision , and complications . RESULTS Uveitis recurrence was reduced in implanted eyes from 62 % ( during the 1-year preimplantation period ) to 4 % , 10 % , and 20 % during the 1- , 2- , and 3-year postimplantation periods , respectively , for the 0.59-mg dose group ( P < .01 ) and from 58 % to 7 % , 17 % , and 41 % , respectively , for the 2.1-mg dose group ( P < .01 ) . More implanted eyes than nonimplanted eyes had improved visual acuity ( P < .01 ) . Implanted eyes had higher incidences of intraocular pressure elevation ( > or = 10 mm Hg ) than nonimplanted eyes ( P < .01 ) , and glaucoma surgery was required in 40 % of implanted eyes vs 2 % of nonimplanted eyes ( P < .01 ) . Cataracts were extracted in 93 % of phakic implanted eyes vs 20 % of phakic nonimplanted eyes ( P < .01 ) . CONCLUSIONS The FA implant significantly reduced uveitis recurrence and improved or stabilized visual acuity in subjects with noninfectious posterior uveitis . Most subjects required cataract extraction , and a significant proportion required intraocular pressure-lowering surgery . APPLICATION TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The FA implant provides an alternative therapy for prolonged control of inflammation in noninfectious posterior uveitis . TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier : NCT00407082 .
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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
GH is a GENE-Y, GH receptor is a GENE-Y
23349524_task0
Sentence: The role of GH in adipose tissue: lessons from adipose-specific GH receptor gene-disrupted mice. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y
[ "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]
The role of GH in adipose tissue: lessons from adipose-specific GH receptor gene-disrupted mice.
[ "The", "role", "of", "GH", "in", "adipose", "tissue", ":", "lessons", "from", "adipose", "-", "specific", "GH", "receptor", "gene", "-", "disrupted", "mice", "." ]
[ "GENE-N", "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]
GH is a GENE-Y, GH receptor is a GENE-Y
23349524_task1
Sentence: The role of GH in adipose tissue: lessons from adipose-specific GH receptor gene-disrupted mice. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: GH, GH receptor Options: GENE-Y
[ "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]
The role of GH in adipose tissue: lessons from adipose-specific GH receptor gene-disrupted mice.
[ "The", "role", "of", "GH", "in", "adipose", "tissue", ":", "lessons", "from", "adipose", "-", "specific", "GH", "receptor", "gene", "-", "disrupted", "mice", "." ]
[ "GENE-N", "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]
GH, GH receptor
23349524_task2
Sentence: The role of GH in adipose tissue: lessons from adipose-specific GH receptor gene-disrupted mice. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
[ "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]
The role of GH in adipose tissue: lessons from adipose-specific GH receptor gene-disrupted mice.
[ "The", "role", "of", "GH", "in", "adipose", "tissue", ":", "lessons", "from", "adipose", "-", "specific", "GH", "receptor", "gene", "-", "disrupted", "mice", "." ]
[ "GENE-N", "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]
Brg1 is a Protein, Myc is a Protein, cad is a Protein, histone deacetylase 2 is a Protein, HDAC2 is a Protein, PRMT5 is a Protein, Brg1 is a Protein, PRMT5 is a Protein, histones H3 is a Protein, H4 is a Protein, histones H3 is a Protein, H4 is a Protein, PRMT5 is a Protein, c - Myc is a Protein, c - Myc is a Protein, carbamoyl - phosphate synthase is a Protein, aspartate carbamoyltransferase is a Protein, dihydroorotase is a Protein, cad is a Protein, nucleolin is a Protein, nuc is a Protein, cad is a Protein, Brg1 is a Protein, Brg1 is a Protein, HDAC2 is a Protein, PRMT5 is a Protein, cad is a Protein
118_task0
Sentence: mSin3A/histone deacetylase 2- and PRMT5-containing Brg1 complex is involved in transcriptional repression of the Myc target gene cad. The role of hSWI/SNF complexes in transcriptional activation is well characterized; however, little is known about their function in transcriptional repression. We have previously shown that subunits of the mSin3A/histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) corepressor complex copurify with hSWI/SNF complexes. Here we show that the type II arginine-specific methyltransferase PRMT5, which is involved in cyclin E repression, can be found in association with Brg1 and hBrm-based hSWI/SNF complexes. We also show that hSWI/SNF-associated PRMT5 can methylate hypoacetylated histones H3 and H4 more efficiently than hyperacetylated histones H3 and H4. Protein-protein interaction studies indicate that PRMT5 and mSin3A interact with the same hSWI/SNF subunits as those targeted by c-Myc. These observations prompted us to examine the expression profile of the c-Myc target genes, carbamoyl-phosphate synthase-aspartate carbamoyltransferase-dihydroorotase (cad) and nucleolin (nuc). We found that cad repression is altered in cells that express inactive Brg1 and in cells treated with the HDAC inhibitor depsipeptide. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we found that Brg1, mSin3A, HDAC2, and PRMT5 are directly recruited to the cad promoter. These results suggest that hSWI/SNF complexes, through their ability to interact with activator and repressor proteins, control expression of genes involved in cell growth and proliferation. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Protein
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mSin3A/histone deacetylase 2- and PRMT5-containing Brg1 complex is involved in transcriptional repression of the Myc target gene cad. The role of hSWI/SNF complexes in transcriptional activation is well characterized; however, little is known about their function in transcriptional repression. We have previously shown that subunits of the mSin3A/histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) corepressor complex copurify with hSWI/SNF complexes. Here we show that the type II arginine-specific methyltransferase PRMT5, which is involved in cyclin E repression, can be found in association with Brg1 and hBrm-based hSWI/SNF complexes. We also show that hSWI/SNF-associated PRMT5 can methylate hypoacetylated histones H3 and H4 more efficiently than hyperacetylated histones H3 and H4. Protein-protein interaction studies indicate that PRMT5 and mSin3A interact with the same hSWI/SNF subunits as those targeted by c-Myc. These observations prompted us to examine the expression profile of the c-Myc target genes, carbamoyl-phosphate synthase-aspartate carbamoyltransferase-dihydroorotase (cad) and nucleolin (nuc). We found that cad repression is altered in cells that express inactive Brg1 and in cells treated with the HDAC inhibitor depsipeptide. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we found that Brg1, mSin3A, HDAC2, and PRMT5 are directly recruited to the cad promoter. These results suggest that hSWI/SNF complexes, through their ability to interact with activator and repressor proteins, control expression of genes involved in cell growth and proliferation.
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[ "Protein" ]
Brg1 is a Protein, Myc is a Protein, cad is a Protein, histone deacetylase 2 is a Protein, HDAC2 is a Protein, PRMT5 is a Protein, Brg1 is a Protein, PRMT5 is a Protein, histones H3 is a Protein, H4 is a Protein, histones H3 is a Protein, H4 is a Protein, PRMT5 is a Protein, c - Myc is a Protein, c - Myc is a Protein, carbamoyl - phosphate synthase is a Protein, aspartate carbamoyltransferase is a Protein, dihydroorotase is a Protein, cad is a Protein, nucleolin is a Protein, nuc is a Protein, cad is a Protein, Brg1 is a Protein, Brg1 is a Protein, HDAC2 is a Protein, PRMT5 is a Protein, cad is a Protein
118_task1
Sentence: mSin3A/histone deacetylase 2- and PRMT5-containing Brg1 complex is involved in transcriptional repression of the Myc target gene cad. The role of hSWI/SNF complexes in transcriptional activation is well characterized; however, little is known about their function in transcriptional repression. We have previously shown that subunits of the mSin3A/histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) corepressor complex copurify with hSWI/SNF complexes. Here we show that the type II arginine-specific methyltransferase PRMT5, which is involved in cyclin E repression, can be found in association with Brg1 and hBrm-based hSWI/SNF complexes. We also show that hSWI/SNF-associated PRMT5 can methylate hypoacetylated histones H3 and H4 more efficiently than hyperacetylated histones H3 and H4. Protein-protein interaction studies indicate that PRMT5 and mSin3A interact with the same hSWI/SNF subunits as those targeted by c-Myc. These observations prompted us to examine the expression profile of the c-Myc target genes, carbamoyl-phosphate synthase-aspartate carbamoyltransferase-dihydroorotase (cad) and nucleolin (nuc). We found that cad repression is altered in cells that express inactive Brg1 and in cells treated with the HDAC inhibitor depsipeptide. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we found that Brg1, mSin3A, HDAC2, and PRMT5 are directly recruited to the cad promoter. These results suggest that hSWI/SNF complexes, through their ability to interact with activator and repressor proteins, control expression of genes involved in cell growth and proliferation. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Brg1, Myc, cad, histone deacetylase 2, HDAC2, PRMT5, Brg1, PRMT5, histones H3, H4, histones H3, H4, PRMT5, c - Myc, c - Myc, carbamoyl - phosphate synthase, aspartate carbamoyltransferase, dihydroorotase, cad, nucleolin, nuc, cad, Brg1, Brg1, HDAC2, PRMT5, cad Options: Protein
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mSin3A/histone deacetylase 2- and PRMT5-containing Brg1 complex is involved in transcriptional repression of the Myc target gene cad. The role of hSWI/SNF complexes in transcriptional activation is well characterized; however, little is known about their function in transcriptional repression. We have previously shown that subunits of the mSin3A/histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) corepressor complex copurify with hSWI/SNF complexes. Here we show that the type II arginine-specific methyltransferase PRMT5, which is involved in cyclin E repression, can be found in association with Brg1 and hBrm-based hSWI/SNF complexes. We also show that hSWI/SNF-associated PRMT5 can methylate hypoacetylated histones H3 and H4 more efficiently than hyperacetylated histones H3 and H4. Protein-protein interaction studies indicate that PRMT5 and mSin3A interact with the same hSWI/SNF subunits as those targeted by c-Myc. These observations prompted us to examine the expression profile of the c-Myc target genes, carbamoyl-phosphate synthase-aspartate carbamoyltransferase-dihydroorotase (cad) and nucleolin (nuc). We found that cad repression is altered in cells that express inactive Brg1 and in cells treated with the HDAC inhibitor depsipeptide. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we found that Brg1, mSin3A, HDAC2, and PRMT5 are directly recruited to the cad promoter. These results suggest that hSWI/SNF complexes, through their ability to interact with activator and repressor proteins, control expression of genes involved in cell growth and proliferation.
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[ "Protein" ]
Brg1, Myc, cad, histone deacetylase 2, HDAC2, PRMT5, Brg1, PRMT5, histones H3, H4, histones H3, H4, PRMT5, c - Myc, c - Myc, carbamoyl - phosphate synthase, aspartate carbamoyltransferase, dihydroorotase, cad, nucleolin, nuc, cad, Brg1, Brg1, HDAC2, PRMT5, cad
118_task2
Sentence: mSin3A/histone deacetylase 2- and PRMT5-containing Brg1 complex is involved in transcriptional repression of the Myc target gene cad. The role of hSWI/SNF complexes in transcriptional activation is well characterized; however, little is known about their function in transcriptional repression. We have previously shown that subunits of the mSin3A/histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) corepressor complex copurify with hSWI/SNF complexes. Here we show that the type II arginine-specific methyltransferase PRMT5, which is involved in cyclin E repression, can be found in association with Brg1 and hBrm-based hSWI/SNF complexes. We also show that hSWI/SNF-associated PRMT5 can methylate hypoacetylated histones H3 and H4 more efficiently than hyperacetylated histones H3 and H4. Protein-protein interaction studies indicate that PRMT5 and mSin3A interact with the same hSWI/SNF subunits as those targeted by c-Myc. These observations prompted us to examine the expression profile of the c-Myc target genes, carbamoyl-phosphate synthase-aspartate carbamoyltransferase-dihydroorotase (cad) and nucleolin (nuc). We found that cad repression is altered in cells that express inactive Brg1 and in cells treated with the HDAC inhibitor depsipeptide. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we found that Brg1, mSin3A, HDAC2, and PRMT5 are directly recruited to the cad promoter. These results suggest that hSWI/SNF complexes, through their ability to interact with activator and repressor proteins, control expression of genes involved in cell growth and proliferation. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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mSin3A/histone deacetylase 2- and PRMT5-containing Brg1 complex is involved in transcriptional repression of the Myc target gene cad. The role of hSWI/SNF complexes in transcriptional activation is well characterized; however, little is known about their function in transcriptional repression. We have previously shown that subunits of the mSin3A/histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) corepressor complex copurify with hSWI/SNF complexes. Here we show that the type II arginine-specific methyltransferase PRMT5, which is involved in cyclin E repression, can be found in association with Brg1 and hBrm-based hSWI/SNF complexes. We also show that hSWI/SNF-associated PRMT5 can methylate hypoacetylated histones H3 and H4 more efficiently than hyperacetylated histones H3 and H4. Protein-protein interaction studies indicate that PRMT5 and mSin3A interact with the same hSWI/SNF subunits as those targeted by c-Myc. These observations prompted us to examine the expression profile of the c-Myc target genes, carbamoyl-phosphate synthase-aspartate carbamoyltransferase-dihydroorotase (cad) and nucleolin (nuc). We found that cad repression is altered in cells that express inactive Brg1 and in cells treated with the HDAC inhibitor depsipeptide. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we found that Brg1, mSin3A, HDAC2, and PRMT5 are directly recruited to the cad promoter. These results suggest that hSWI/SNF complexes, through their ability to interact with activator and repressor proteins, control expression of genes involved in cell growth and proliferation.
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[ "Protein" ]
Hibiscus sabdariffa Linne is a Plant, Chinese rose tea is a Plant, hypertension is a Disease, inflammatory conditions is a Disease, H. sabdariffa is a Plant, HSE is a Plant, flowers is a Plant, H. sabdariffa L. is a Plant, H. sabdariffa extracts is a Plant, HSE is a Plant, H. sabdariffa polyphenol - rich extracts ( HPE ) is a Plant, H. sabdariffa anthocyanins ( HAs ) is a Plant, PCA is a Plant, HAs is a Plant, oxidative damage is a Disease, HSE is a Plant, atherosclerosis is a Disease, hyperammonemia is a Disease, PCA is a Plant, HAs is a Plant, HPE is a Plant, cancer is a Disease, leukemia is a Disease, gastric cancer is a Disease, HSE is a Plant, HPE is a Plant, diabetic nephropathy is a Disease, H. sabdariffa extracts is a Plant, atherosclerosis is a Disease, liver disease is a Disease, cancer is a Disease, diabetes is a Disease, metabolic syndromes is a Disease, H. sabdariffa is a Plant
21291361_task0
Sentence: Hibiscus sabdariffa Linne is a traditional Chinese rose tea and has been effectively used in folk medicines for treatment of hypertension, inflammatory conditions. H. sabdariffa aqueous extracts (HSE) were prepared from the dried flowers of H. sabdariffa L., which are rich in phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins. In this review, we discuss the chemopreventive properties and possible mechanisms of various H. sabdariffa extracts. It has been demonstrated that HSE, H. sabdariffa polyphenol-rich extracts (HPE), H. sabdariffa anthocyanins (HAs), and H. sabdariffa protocatechuic acid (PCA) exert many biologic effects. PCA and HAs protected against oxidative damage induced by tert-butyl droperoxide (t-BHP) in rat primary hepatocytes. In rabbits fed cholesterol and human experimental studies, these studies imply HSE could be pursued as atherosclerosis chemopreventive agents as they inhibit LDL oxidation, foam cell formation, as well as smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation. The extracts also offer hepatoprotection by influencing the levels of lipid peroxidation products and liver marker enzymes in experimental hyperammonemia. PCA has also been shown to inhibit the carcinogenic action of various chemicals in different tissues of the rat. HAs and HPE were demonstrated to cause cancer cell apoptosis, especially in leukemia and gastric cancer. More recent studies investigated the protective effect of HSE and HPE in streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy. From all these studies, it is clear that various H. sabdariffa extracts exhibit activities against atherosclerosis, liver disease, cancer, diabetes and other metabolic syndromes. These results indicate that naturally occurring agents such as the bioactive compounds in H. sabdariffa could be developed as potent chemopreventive agents and natural healthy foods. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Disease, Plant
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Hibiscus sabdariffa Linne is a traditional Chinese rose tea and has been effectively used in folk medicines for treatment of hypertension, inflammatory conditions. H. sabdariffa aqueous extracts (HSE) were prepared from the dried flowers of H. sabdariffa L., which are rich in phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins. In this review, we discuss the chemopreventive properties and possible mechanisms of various H. sabdariffa extracts. It has been demonstrated that HSE, H. sabdariffa polyphenol-rich extracts (HPE), H. sabdariffa anthocyanins (HAs), and H. sabdariffa protocatechuic acid (PCA) exert many biologic effects. PCA and HAs protected against oxidative damage induced by tert-butyl droperoxide (t-BHP) in rat primary hepatocytes. In rabbits fed cholesterol and human experimental studies, these studies imply HSE could be pursued as atherosclerosis chemopreventive agents as they inhibit LDL oxidation, foam cell formation, as well as smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation. The extracts also offer hepatoprotection by influencing the levels of lipid peroxidation products and liver marker enzymes in experimental hyperammonemia. PCA has also been shown to inhibit the carcinogenic action of various chemicals in different tissues of the rat. HAs and HPE were demonstrated to cause cancer cell apoptosis, especially in leukemia and gastric cancer. More recent studies investigated the protective effect of HSE and HPE in streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy. From all these studies, it is clear that various H. sabdariffa extracts exhibit activities against atherosclerosis, liver disease, cancer, diabetes and other metabolic syndromes. These results indicate that naturally occurring agents such as the bioactive compounds in H. sabdariffa could be developed as potent chemopreventive agents and natural healthy foods.
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[ "Plant", "Disease" ]
Hibiscus sabdariffa Linne is a Plant, Chinese rose tea is a Plant, hypertension is a Disease, inflammatory conditions is a Disease, H. sabdariffa is a Plant, HSE is a Plant, flowers is a Plant, H. sabdariffa L. is a Plant, H. sabdariffa extracts is a Plant, HSE is a Plant, H. sabdariffa polyphenol - rich extracts ( HPE ) is a Plant, H. sabdariffa anthocyanins ( HAs ) is a Plant, PCA is a Plant, HAs is a Plant, oxidative damage is a Disease, HSE is a Plant, atherosclerosis is a Disease, hyperammonemia is a Disease, PCA is a Plant, HAs is a Plant, HPE is a Plant, cancer is a Disease, leukemia is a Disease, gastric cancer is a Disease, HSE is a Plant, HPE is a Plant, diabetic nephropathy is a Disease, H. sabdariffa extracts is a Plant, atherosclerosis is a Disease, liver disease is a Disease, cancer is a Disease, diabetes is a Disease, metabolic syndromes is a Disease, H. sabdariffa is a Plant
21291361_task1
Sentence: Hibiscus sabdariffa Linne is a traditional Chinese rose tea and has been effectively used in folk medicines for treatment of hypertension, inflammatory conditions. H. sabdariffa aqueous extracts (HSE) were prepared from the dried flowers of H. sabdariffa L., which are rich in phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins. In this review, we discuss the chemopreventive properties and possible mechanisms of various H. sabdariffa extracts. It has been demonstrated that HSE, H. sabdariffa polyphenol-rich extracts (HPE), H. sabdariffa anthocyanins (HAs), and H. sabdariffa protocatechuic acid (PCA) exert many biologic effects. PCA and HAs protected against oxidative damage induced by tert-butyl droperoxide (t-BHP) in rat primary hepatocytes. In rabbits fed cholesterol and human experimental studies, these studies imply HSE could be pursued as atherosclerosis chemopreventive agents as they inhibit LDL oxidation, foam cell formation, as well as smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation. The extracts also offer hepatoprotection by influencing the levels of lipid peroxidation products and liver marker enzymes in experimental hyperammonemia. PCA has also been shown to inhibit the carcinogenic action of various chemicals in different tissues of the rat. HAs and HPE were demonstrated to cause cancer cell apoptosis, especially in leukemia and gastric cancer. More recent studies investigated the protective effect of HSE and HPE in streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy. From all these studies, it is clear that various H. sabdariffa extracts exhibit activities against atherosclerosis, liver disease, cancer, diabetes and other metabolic syndromes. These results indicate that naturally occurring agents such as the bioactive compounds in H. sabdariffa could be developed as potent chemopreventive agents and natural healthy foods. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Hibiscus sabdariffa Linne, Chinese rose tea, hypertension, inflammatory conditions, H. sabdariffa, HSE, flowers, H. sabdariffa L., H. sabdariffa extracts, HSE, H. sabdariffa polyphenol - rich extracts ( HPE ), H. sabdariffa anthocyanins ( HAs ), PCA, HAs, oxidative damage, HSE, atherosclerosis, hyperammonemia, PCA, HAs, HPE, cancer, leukemia, gastric cancer, HSE, HPE, diabetic nephropathy, H. sabdariffa extracts, atherosclerosis, liver disease, cancer, diabetes, metabolic syndromes, H. sabdariffa Options: Disease, Plant
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Hibiscus sabdariffa Linne is a traditional Chinese rose tea and has been effectively used in folk medicines for treatment of hypertension, inflammatory conditions. H. sabdariffa aqueous extracts (HSE) were prepared from the dried flowers of H. sabdariffa L., which are rich in phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins. In this review, we discuss the chemopreventive properties and possible mechanisms of various H. sabdariffa extracts. It has been demonstrated that HSE, H. sabdariffa polyphenol-rich extracts (HPE), H. sabdariffa anthocyanins (HAs), and H. sabdariffa protocatechuic acid (PCA) exert many biologic effects. PCA and HAs protected against oxidative damage induced by tert-butyl droperoxide (t-BHP) in rat primary hepatocytes. In rabbits fed cholesterol and human experimental studies, these studies imply HSE could be pursued as atherosclerosis chemopreventive agents as they inhibit LDL oxidation, foam cell formation, as well as smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation. The extracts also offer hepatoprotection by influencing the levels of lipid peroxidation products and liver marker enzymes in experimental hyperammonemia. PCA has also been shown to inhibit the carcinogenic action of various chemicals in different tissues of the rat. HAs and HPE were demonstrated to cause cancer cell apoptosis, especially in leukemia and gastric cancer. More recent studies investigated the protective effect of HSE and HPE in streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy. From all these studies, it is clear that various H. sabdariffa extracts exhibit activities against atherosclerosis, liver disease, cancer, diabetes and other metabolic syndromes. These results indicate that naturally occurring agents such as the bioactive compounds in H. sabdariffa could be developed as potent chemopreventive agents and natural healthy foods.
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[ "Plant", "Disease" ]
Hibiscus sabdariffa Linne, Chinese rose tea, hypertension, inflammatory conditions, H. sabdariffa, HSE, flowers, H. sabdariffa L., H. sabdariffa extracts, HSE, H. sabdariffa polyphenol - rich extracts ( HPE ), H. sabdariffa anthocyanins ( HAs ), PCA, HAs, oxidative damage, HSE, atherosclerosis, hyperammonemia, PCA, HAs, HPE, cancer, leukemia, gastric cancer, HSE, HPE, diabetic nephropathy, H. sabdariffa extracts, atherosclerosis, liver disease, cancer, diabetes, metabolic syndromes, H. sabdariffa
21291361_task2
Sentence: Hibiscus sabdariffa Linne is a traditional Chinese rose tea and has been effectively used in folk medicines for treatment of hypertension, inflammatory conditions. H. sabdariffa aqueous extracts (HSE) were prepared from the dried flowers of H. sabdariffa L., which are rich in phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins. In this review, we discuss the chemopreventive properties and possible mechanisms of various H. sabdariffa extracts. It has been demonstrated that HSE, H. sabdariffa polyphenol-rich extracts (HPE), H. sabdariffa anthocyanins (HAs), and H. sabdariffa protocatechuic acid (PCA) exert many biologic effects. PCA and HAs protected against oxidative damage induced by tert-butyl droperoxide (t-BHP) in rat primary hepatocytes. In rabbits fed cholesterol and human experimental studies, these studies imply HSE could be pursued as atherosclerosis chemopreventive agents as they inhibit LDL oxidation, foam cell formation, as well as smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation. The extracts also offer hepatoprotection by influencing the levels of lipid peroxidation products and liver marker enzymes in experimental hyperammonemia. PCA has also been shown to inhibit the carcinogenic action of various chemicals in different tissues of the rat. HAs and HPE were demonstrated to cause cancer cell apoptosis, especially in leukemia and gastric cancer. More recent studies investigated the protective effect of HSE and HPE in streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy. From all these studies, it is clear that various H. sabdariffa extracts exhibit activities against atherosclerosis, liver disease, cancer, diabetes and other metabolic syndromes. These results indicate that naturally occurring agents such as the bioactive compounds in H. sabdariffa could be developed as potent chemopreventive agents and natural healthy foods. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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Hibiscus sabdariffa Linne is a traditional Chinese rose tea and has been effectively used in folk medicines for treatment of hypertension, inflammatory conditions. H. sabdariffa aqueous extracts (HSE) were prepared from the dried flowers of H. sabdariffa L., which are rich in phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins. In this review, we discuss the chemopreventive properties and possible mechanisms of various H. sabdariffa extracts. It has been demonstrated that HSE, H. sabdariffa polyphenol-rich extracts (HPE), H. sabdariffa anthocyanins (HAs), and H. sabdariffa protocatechuic acid (PCA) exert many biologic effects. PCA and HAs protected against oxidative damage induced by tert-butyl droperoxide (t-BHP) in rat primary hepatocytes. In rabbits fed cholesterol and human experimental studies, these studies imply HSE could be pursued as atherosclerosis chemopreventive agents as they inhibit LDL oxidation, foam cell formation, as well as smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation. The extracts also offer hepatoprotection by influencing the levels of lipid peroxidation products and liver marker enzymes in experimental hyperammonemia. PCA has also been shown to inhibit the carcinogenic action of various chemicals in different tissues of the rat. HAs and HPE were demonstrated to cause cancer cell apoptosis, especially in leukemia and gastric cancer. More recent studies investigated the protective effect of HSE and HPE in streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy. From all these studies, it is clear that various H. sabdariffa extracts exhibit activities against atherosclerosis, liver disease, cancer, diabetes and other metabolic syndromes. These results indicate that naturally occurring agents such as the bioactive compounds in H. sabdariffa could be developed as potent chemopreventive agents and natural healthy foods.
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[ "Plant", "Disease" ]
human is an umlsterm, uterus is an umlsterm, paramesonephric is an umlsterm, non - paramesonephric is an umlsterm, endometrium is an umlsterm, myometrium is an umlsterm, functions is an umlsterm, reproduction is an umlsterm, implantation is an umlsterm, sperm transport is an umlsterm, implantation is an umlsterm, embryo is an umlsterm, peristalsis is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, fetus is an umlsterm, Endometriosis is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, adenomyosis is an umlsterm, lines is an umlsterm, endometrium is an umlsterm, endometrium is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, Uteri is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, endometriosis is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, dysfunction is an umlsterm, sperm transport is an umlsterm, sterility is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, endometriosis is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, endometriosis is an umlsterm, elements is an umlsterm, endometriosis is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, imaging is an umlsterm, findings is an umlsterm, adenomyosis is an umlsterm
Reproduktionsmedizin.90150356.eng.abstr_task0
Sentence: The human uterus is composed of the paramesonephric archimetra and the non-paramesonephric neometra . The archimetra consists of the glandular as well as stromal part of the endometrium and the subendometrial myometrium and meets several fundamental functions in the early process of reproduction such as providing the site of implantation , uterine directed sperm transport and high fundal implantation of the embryo by uterine peristalsis as well as inflammatory defence . The neometra is composed of the stratum vasculare and stratum supravasculare . Its main function is to provide the forces for expulsion of the fetus . Endometriosis is considered a disease of the archimetra in that it constitutes a non-obilgatory consequence of uterine adenomyosis or its early manuifestations . This view is supported by several lines of evidence . First : The eutopic endometrium shows alterations similar to those seen in endometriotic lesions that are not found in the endometrium of women free of disease . Second : Uteri of women with endometriosis display hyper- and dysperistalsis of which the extent does not correlate with the severity of the disease . This dysfunction results in a break down of rapid and sustained directed sperm transport and may explain sterility and subfertility in women with mild-to-moderate endometriosis . Third : In women with endometriosis there is a proliferative and infiltrative expansion of all elements of the archimetra into the outer myometrial layers . There is no correlation of the extent of the infiltrative expansion with the grade of endometriosis but with the age of the patients . In MR imaging these findings are similar or identical with those found in adenomyosis . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm
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The human uterus is composed of the paramesonephric archimetra and the non-paramesonephric neometra . The archimetra consists of the glandular as well as stromal part of the endometrium and the subendometrial myometrium and meets several fundamental functions in the early process of reproduction such as providing the site of implantation , uterine directed sperm transport and high fundal implantation of the embryo by uterine peristalsis as well as inflammatory defence . The neometra is composed of the stratum vasculare and stratum supravasculare . Its main function is to provide the forces for expulsion of the fetus . Endometriosis is considered a disease of the archimetra in that it constitutes a non-obilgatory consequence of uterine adenomyosis or its early manuifestations . This view is supported by several lines of evidence . First : The eutopic endometrium shows alterations similar to those seen in endometriotic lesions that are not found in the endometrium of women free of disease . Second : Uteri of women with endometriosis display hyper- and dysperistalsis of which the extent does not correlate with the severity of the disease . This dysfunction results in a break down of rapid and sustained directed sperm transport and may explain sterility and subfertility in women with mild-to-moderate endometriosis . Third : In women with endometriosis there is a proliferative and infiltrative expansion of all elements of the archimetra into the outer myometrial layers . There is no correlation of the extent of the infiltrative expansion with the grade of endometriosis but with the age of the patients . In MR imaging these findings are similar or identical with those found in adenomyosis .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
human is an umlsterm, uterus is an umlsterm, paramesonephric is an umlsterm, non - paramesonephric is an umlsterm, endometrium is an umlsterm, myometrium is an umlsterm, functions is an umlsterm, reproduction is an umlsterm, implantation is an umlsterm, sperm transport is an umlsterm, implantation is an umlsterm, embryo is an umlsterm, peristalsis is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, fetus is an umlsterm, Endometriosis is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, adenomyosis is an umlsterm, lines is an umlsterm, endometrium is an umlsterm, endometrium is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, Uteri is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, endometriosis is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, dysfunction is an umlsterm, sperm transport is an umlsterm, sterility is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, endometriosis is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, endometriosis is an umlsterm, elements is an umlsterm, endometriosis is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, imaging is an umlsterm, findings is an umlsterm, adenomyosis is an umlsterm
Reproduktionsmedizin.90150356.eng.abstr_task1
Sentence: The human uterus is composed of the paramesonephric archimetra and the non-paramesonephric neometra . The archimetra consists of the glandular as well as stromal part of the endometrium and the subendometrial myometrium and meets several fundamental functions in the early process of reproduction such as providing the site of implantation , uterine directed sperm transport and high fundal implantation of the embryo by uterine peristalsis as well as inflammatory defence . The neometra is composed of the stratum vasculare and stratum supravasculare . Its main function is to provide the forces for expulsion of the fetus . Endometriosis is considered a disease of the archimetra in that it constitutes a non-obilgatory consequence of uterine adenomyosis or its early manuifestations . This view is supported by several lines of evidence . First : The eutopic endometrium shows alterations similar to those seen in endometriotic lesions that are not found in the endometrium of women free of disease . Second : Uteri of women with endometriosis display hyper- and dysperistalsis of which the extent does not correlate with the severity of the disease . This dysfunction results in a break down of rapid and sustained directed sperm transport and may explain sterility and subfertility in women with mild-to-moderate endometriosis . Third : In women with endometriosis there is a proliferative and infiltrative expansion of all elements of the archimetra into the outer myometrial layers . There is no correlation of the extent of the infiltrative expansion with the grade of endometriosis but with the age of the patients . In MR imaging these findings are similar or identical with those found in adenomyosis . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: human, uterus, paramesonephric, non - paramesonephric, endometrium, myometrium, functions, reproduction, implantation, sperm transport, implantation, embryo, peristalsis, function, fetus, Endometriosis, disease, adenomyosis, lines, endometrium, endometrium, women, disease, Uteri, women, endometriosis, disease, dysfunction, sperm transport, sterility, women, endometriosis, women, endometriosis, elements, endometriosis, age, patients, imaging, findings, adenomyosis Options: umlsterm
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The human uterus is composed of the paramesonephric archimetra and the non-paramesonephric neometra . The archimetra consists of the glandular as well as stromal part of the endometrium and the subendometrial myometrium and meets several fundamental functions in the early process of reproduction such as providing the site of implantation , uterine directed sperm transport and high fundal implantation of the embryo by uterine peristalsis as well as inflammatory defence . The neometra is composed of the stratum vasculare and stratum supravasculare . Its main function is to provide the forces for expulsion of the fetus . Endometriosis is considered a disease of the archimetra in that it constitutes a non-obilgatory consequence of uterine adenomyosis or its early manuifestations . This view is supported by several lines of evidence . First : The eutopic endometrium shows alterations similar to those seen in endometriotic lesions that are not found in the endometrium of women free of disease . Second : Uteri of women with endometriosis display hyper- and dysperistalsis of which the extent does not correlate with the severity of the disease . This dysfunction results in a break down of rapid and sustained directed sperm transport and may explain sterility and subfertility in women with mild-to-moderate endometriosis . Third : In women with endometriosis there is a proliferative and infiltrative expansion of all elements of the archimetra into the outer myometrial layers . There is no correlation of the extent of the infiltrative expansion with the grade of endometriosis but with the age of the patients . In MR imaging these findings are similar or identical with those found in adenomyosis .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
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Reproduktionsmedizin.90150356.eng.abstr_task2
Sentence: The human uterus is composed of the paramesonephric archimetra and the non-paramesonephric neometra . The archimetra consists of the glandular as well as stromal part of the endometrium and the subendometrial myometrium and meets several fundamental functions in the early process of reproduction such as providing the site of implantation , uterine directed sperm transport and high fundal implantation of the embryo by uterine peristalsis as well as inflammatory defence . The neometra is composed of the stratum vasculare and stratum supravasculare . Its main function is to provide the forces for expulsion of the fetus . Endometriosis is considered a disease of the archimetra in that it constitutes a non-obilgatory consequence of uterine adenomyosis or its early manuifestations . This view is supported by several lines of evidence . First : The eutopic endometrium shows alterations similar to those seen in endometriotic lesions that are not found in the endometrium of women free of disease . Second : Uteri of women with endometriosis display hyper- and dysperistalsis of which the extent does not correlate with the severity of the disease . This dysfunction results in a break down of rapid and sustained directed sperm transport and may explain sterility and subfertility in women with mild-to-moderate endometriosis . Third : In women with endometriosis there is a proliferative and infiltrative expansion of all elements of the archimetra into the outer myometrial layers . There is no correlation of the extent of the infiltrative expansion with the grade of endometriosis but with the age of the patients . In MR imaging these findings are similar or identical with those found in adenomyosis . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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The human uterus is composed of the paramesonephric archimetra and the non-paramesonephric neometra . The archimetra consists of the glandular as well as stromal part of the endometrium and the subendometrial myometrium and meets several fundamental functions in the early process of reproduction such as providing the site of implantation , uterine directed sperm transport and high fundal implantation of the embryo by uterine peristalsis as well as inflammatory defence . The neometra is composed of the stratum vasculare and stratum supravasculare . Its main function is to provide the forces for expulsion of the fetus . Endometriosis is considered a disease of the archimetra in that it constitutes a non-obilgatory consequence of uterine adenomyosis or its early manuifestations . This view is supported by several lines of evidence . First : The eutopic endometrium shows alterations similar to those seen in endometriotic lesions that are not found in the endometrium of women free of disease . Second : Uteri of women with endometriosis display hyper- and dysperistalsis of which the extent does not correlate with the severity of the disease . This dysfunction results in a break down of rapid and sustained directed sperm transport and may explain sterility and subfertility in women with mild-to-moderate endometriosis . Third : In women with endometriosis there is a proliferative and infiltrative expansion of all elements of the archimetra into the outer myometrial layers . There is no correlation of the extent of the infiltrative expansion with the grade of endometriosis but with the age of the patients . In MR imaging these findings are similar or identical with those found in adenomyosis .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
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DerGynaekologe.90320776.eng.abstr_task0
Sentence: There is little to suggest that the course of preeclamsia can be substantially affected by drug treatment . The vast majority of randomized studies do not indicate beneficial effects of antihypertensive treatment on proteinuria , fetal heart rate abnormalities , abruptio placentae and the incidence of preterm birth . There is also no definite effect on the development of superimposed preeclampsia , HELLP syndrome , renal failure or eclampsia . Moreover , blood pressure lowering agents fail to improve uteroplacental perfusion but may have adverse effects on fetal growth . Antihypertensive treatment is only indicated in severe hypertension ( > 170/110 mm Hg ) to reduce the risk of cerebral hemorrhage . Dihydralazine injections may result in reduced placental blood flow and fetal distress . Oral nifedipine offers some advantages in view of more potent vasodilator actions on uterine and fetoplacental vessels and a lower incidence of fetal distress . Increasing evidence suggests that the mechanism of eclamptic seizure is cerebral vasoconstriction with resultant ischemia . Cerebral vessels are particularly sensitive to magnesium , which works by reversing cerebral vasoconstriction with resultant improvement in blood flow . Controlled trials have shown magnesium to be superior to both placebo and phenytoin for the prevention of eclampsia . Furthermore , magnesium has been found to be more effective than diazepam and phenytoin in preventing recurrence of seizures in women with eclampsia . Also the neonatal outcome favors magnesium , which is now generally accepted as the drug of choice for the prevention and treatment of eclampsia . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm
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There is little to suggest that the course of preeclamsia can be substantially affected by drug treatment . The vast majority of randomized studies do not indicate beneficial effects of antihypertensive treatment on proteinuria , fetal heart rate abnormalities , abruptio placentae and the incidence of preterm birth . There is also no definite effect on the development of superimposed preeclampsia , HELLP syndrome , renal failure or eclampsia . Moreover , blood pressure lowering agents fail to improve uteroplacental perfusion but may have adverse effects on fetal growth . Antihypertensive treatment is only indicated in severe hypertension ( > 170/110 mm Hg ) to reduce the risk of cerebral hemorrhage . Dihydralazine injections may result in reduced placental blood flow and fetal distress . Oral nifedipine offers some advantages in view of more potent vasodilator actions on uterine and fetoplacental vessels and a lower incidence of fetal distress . Increasing evidence suggests that the mechanism of eclamptic seizure is cerebral vasoconstriction with resultant ischemia . Cerebral vessels are particularly sensitive to magnesium , which works by reversing cerebral vasoconstriction with resultant improvement in blood flow . Controlled trials have shown magnesium to be superior to both placebo and phenytoin for the prevention of eclampsia . Furthermore , magnesium has been found to be more effective than diazepam and phenytoin in preventing recurrence of seizures in women with eclampsia . Also the neonatal outcome favors magnesium , which is now generally accepted as the drug of choice for the prevention and treatment of eclampsia .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
drug is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, antihypertensive is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, proteinuria is an umlsterm, fetal heart rate is an umlsterm, abnormalities is an umlsterm, abruptio placentae is an umlsterm, incidence is an umlsterm, preterm birth is an umlsterm, development is an umlsterm, preeclampsia is an umlsterm, HELLP syndrome is an umlsterm, renal failure is an umlsterm, eclampsia is an umlsterm, blood pressure is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, adverse effects is an umlsterm, growth is an umlsterm, Antihypertensive is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, hypertension is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm, cerebral hemorrhage is an umlsterm, Dihydralazine is an umlsterm, injections is an umlsterm, blood is an umlsterm, fetal distress is an umlsterm, nifedipine is an umlsterm, vasodilator is an umlsterm, vessels is an umlsterm, incidence is an umlsterm, fetal distress is an umlsterm, seizure is an umlsterm, vasoconstriction is an umlsterm, ischemia is an umlsterm, vessels is an umlsterm, magnesium is an umlsterm, vasoconstriction is an umlsterm, in blood is an umlsterm, magnesium is an umlsterm, placebo is an umlsterm, phenytoin is an umlsterm, prevention is an umlsterm, eclampsia is an umlsterm, magnesium is an umlsterm, diazepam is an umlsterm, phenytoin is an umlsterm, recurrence is an umlsterm, seizures is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, eclampsia is an umlsterm, magnesium is an umlsterm, drug is an umlsterm, choice is an umlsterm, prevention is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, eclampsia is an umlsterm
DerGynaekologe.90320776.eng.abstr_task1
Sentence: There is little to suggest that the course of preeclamsia can be substantially affected by drug treatment . The vast majority of randomized studies do not indicate beneficial effects of antihypertensive treatment on proteinuria , fetal heart rate abnormalities , abruptio placentae and the incidence of preterm birth . There is also no definite effect on the development of superimposed preeclampsia , HELLP syndrome , renal failure or eclampsia . Moreover , blood pressure lowering agents fail to improve uteroplacental perfusion but may have adverse effects on fetal growth . Antihypertensive treatment is only indicated in severe hypertension ( > 170/110 mm Hg ) to reduce the risk of cerebral hemorrhage . Dihydralazine injections may result in reduced placental blood flow and fetal distress . Oral nifedipine offers some advantages in view of more potent vasodilator actions on uterine and fetoplacental vessels and a lower incidence of fetal distress . Increasing evidence suggests that the mechanism of eclamptic seizure is cerebral vasoconstriction with resultant ischemia . Cerebral vessels are particularly sensitive to magnesium , which works by reversing cerebral vasoconstriction with resultant improvement in blood flow . Controlled trials have shown magnesium to be superior to both placebo and phenytoin for the prevention of eclampsia . Furthermore , magnesium has been found to be more effective than diazepam and phenytoin in preventing recurrence of seizures in women with eclampsia . Also the neonatal outcome favors magnesium , which is now generally accepted as the drug of choice for the prevention and treatment of eclampsia . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: drug, treatment, antihypertensive, treatment, proteinuria, fetal heart rate, abnormalities, abruptio placentae, incidence, preterm birth, development, preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome, renal failure, eclampsia, blood pressure, perfusion, adverse effects, growth, Antihypertensive, treatment, hypertension, risk of, cerebral hemorrhage, Dihydralazine, injections, blood, fetal distress, nifedipine, vasodilator, vessels, incidence, fetal distress, seizure, vasoconstriction, ischemia, vessels, magnesium, vasoconstriction, in blood, magnesium, placebo, phenytoin, prevention, eclampsia, magnesium, diazepam, phenytoin, recurrence, seizures, women, eclampsia, magnesium, drug, choice, prevention, treatment, eclampsia Options: umlsterm
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There is little to suggest that the course of preeclamsia can be substantially affected by drug treatment . The vast majority of randomized studies do not indicate beneficial effects of antihypertensive treatment on proteinuria , fetal heart rate abnormalities , abruptio placentae and the incidence of preterm birth . There is also no definite effect on the development of superimposed preeclampsia , HELLP syndrome , renal failure or eclampsia . Moreover , blood pressure lowering agents fail to improve uteroplacental perfusion but may have adverse effects on fetal growth . Antihypertensive treatment is only indicated in severe hypertension ( > 170/110 mm Hg ) to reduce the risk of cerebral hemorrhage . Dihydralazine injections may result in reduced placental blood flow and fetal distress . Oral nifedipine offers some advantages in view of more potent vasodilator actions on uterine and fetoplacental vessels and a lower incidence of fetal distress . Increasing evidence suggests that the mechanism of eclamptic seizure is cerebral vasoconstriction with resultant ischemia . Cerebral vessels are particularly sensitive to magnesium , which works by reversing cerebral vasoconstriction with resultant improvement in blood flow . Controlled trials have shown magnesium to be superior to both placebo and phenytoin for the prevention of eclampsia . Furthermore , magnesium has been found to be more effective than diazepam and phenytoin in preventing recurrence of seizures in women with eclampsia . Also the neonatal outcome favors magnesium , which is now generally accepted as the drug of choice for the prevention and treatment of eclampsia .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
drug, treatment, antihypertensive, treatment, proteinuria, fetal heart rate, abnormalities, abruptio placentae, incidence, preterm birth, development, preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome, renal failure, eclampsia, blood pressure, perfusion, adverse effects, growth, Antihypertensive, treatment, hypertension, risk of, cerebral hemorrhage, Dihydralazine, injections, blood, fetal distress, nifedipine, vasodilator, vessels, incidence, fetal distress, seizure, vasoconstriction, ischemia, vessels, magnesium, vasoconstriction, in blood, magnesium, placebo, phenytoin, prevention, eclampsia, magnesium, diazepam, phenytoin, recurrence, seizures, women, eclampsia, magnesium, drug, choice, prevention, treatment, eclampsia
DerGynaekologe.90320776.eng.abstr_task2
Sentence: There is little to suggest that the course of preeclamsia can be substantially affected by drug treatment . The vast majority of randomized studies do not indicate beneficial effects of antihypertensive treatment on proteinuria , fetal heart rate abnormalities , abruptio placentae and the incidence of preterm birth . There is also no definite effect on the development of superimposed preeclampsia , HELLP syndrome , renal failure or eclampsia . Moreover , blood pressure lowering agents fail to improve uteroplacental perfusion but may have adverse effects on fetal growth . Antihypertensive treatment is only indicated in severe hypertension ( > 170/110 mm Hg ) to reduce the risk of cerebral hemorrhage . Dihydralazine injections may result in reduced placental blood flow and fetal distress . Oral nifedipine offers some advantages in view of more potent vasodilator actions on uterine and fetoplacental vessels and a lower incidence of fetal distress . Increasing evidence suggests that the mechanism of eclamptic seizure is cerebral vasoconstriction with resultant ischemia . Cerebral vessels are particularly sensitive to magnesium , which works by reversing cerebral vasoconstriction with resultant improvement in blood flow . Controlled trials have shown magnesium to be superior to both placebo and phenytoin for the prevention of eclampsia . Furthermore , magnesium has been found to be more effective than diazepam and phenytoin in preventing recurrence of seizures in women with eclampsia . Also the neonatal outcome favors magnesium , which is now generally accepted as the drug of choice for the prevention and treatment of eclampsia . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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There is little to suggest that the course of preeclamsia can be substantially affected by drug treatment . The vast majority of randomized studies do not indicate beneficial effects of antihypertensive treatment on proteinuria , fetal heart rate abnormalities , abruptio placentae and the incidence of preterm birth . There is also no definite effect on the development of superimposed preeclampsia , HELLP syndrome , renal failure or eclampsia . Moreover , blood pressure lowering agents fail to improve uteroplacental perfusion but may have adverse effects on fetal growth . Antihypertensive treatment is only indicated in severe hypertension ( > 170/110 mm Hg ) to reduce the risk of cerebral hemorrhage . Dihydralazine injections may result in reduced placental blood flow and fetal distress . Oral nifedipine offers some advantages in view of more potent vasodilator actions on uterine and fetoplacental vessels and a lower incidence of fetal distress . Increasing evidence suggests that the mechanism of eclamptic seizure is cerebral vasoconstriction with resultant ischemia . Cerebral vessels are particularly sensitive to magnesium , which works by reversing cerebral vasoconstriction with resultant improvement in blood flow . Controlled trials have shown magnesium to be superior to both placebo and phenytoin for the prevention of eclampsia . Furthermore , magnesium has been found to be more effective than diazepam and phenytoin in preventing recurrence of seizures in women with eclampsia . Also the neonatal outcome favors magnesium , which is now generally accepted as the drug of choice for the prevention and treatment of eclampsia .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
Anaerobic infection in cancer patients is a Participant_Condition, clindamycin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, cefoxitin . Clindamycin and cefoxitin with or without gentamicin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, cancer patients having localized infections presumably caused by anaerobic pathogens is a Participant_Condition, favorable response is a Outcome_Other, clindamycine alone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, cefoxitin alone . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, ( clindamycin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, cefoxitin with and without gentamicin ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 20 of 24 is a Participant_Sample-size, responded is a Outcome_Other, 18 of 22 is a Participant_Sample-size, tolerated is a Outcome_Other, effective is a Outcome_Other, eradicating the offending anaerobic pathogens from the site of infection is a Outcome_Physical
77931_task0
Sentence: Anaerobic infection in cancer patients : comparative evaluation of clindamycin and cefoxitin . Clindamycin and cefoxitin with or without gentamicin were administered to cancer patients having localized infections presumably caused by anaerobic pathogens . The rates of favorable response were 89 % in patients receiving clindamycine alone and 78 % in patients receiving cefoxitin alone . When the total experience is considered ( clindamycin or cefoxitin with and without gentamicin ) , 20 of 24 patients ( 83 % ) responded to clindamycin and 18 of 22 ( 82 % ) responded to cefoxitin . Both therapies were well tolerated . Clindamycin was found to be more effective than cefoxitin in eradicating the offending anaerobic pathogens from the site of infection . Aerobic pathogens were frequently isolated along with anaerobes from the infectious sites in this series ; their susceptibility or resistance to clindamycin or cefoxitin did not influence the therapeutic response . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other
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Anaerobic infection in cancer patients : comparative evaluation of clindamycin and cefoxitin . Clindamycin and cefoxitin with or without gentamicin were administered to cancer patients having localized infections presumably caused by anaerobic pathogens . The rates of favorable response were 89 % in patients receiving clindamycine alone and 78 % in patients receiving cefoxitin alone . When the total experience is considered ( clindamycin or cefoxitin with and without gentamicin ) , 20 of 24 patients ( 83 % ) responded to clindamycin and 18 of 22 ( 82 % ) responded to cefoxitin . Both therapies were well tolerated . Clindamycin was found to be more effective than cefoxitin in eradicating the offending anaerobic pathogens from the site of infection . Aerobic pathogens were frequently isolated along with anaerobes from the infectious sites in this series ; their susceptibility or resistance to clindamycin or cefoxitin did not influence the therapeutic response .
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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
Anaerobic infection in cancer patients is a Participant_Condition, clindamycin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, cefoxitin . Clindamycin and cefoxitin with or without gentamicin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, cancer patients having localized infections presumably caused by anaerobic pathogens is a Participant_Condition, favorable response is a Outcome_Other, clindamycine alone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, cefoxitin alone . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, ( clindamycin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, cefoxitin with and without gentamicin ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 20 of 24 is a Participant_Sample-size, responded is a Outcome_Other, 18 of 22 is a Participant_Sample-size, tolerated is a Outcome_Other, effective is a Outcome_Other, eradicating the offending anaerobic pathogens from the site of infection is a Outcome_Physical
77931_task1
Sentence: Anaerobic infection in cancer patients : comparative evaluation of clindamycin and cefoxitin . Clindamycin and cefoxitin with or without gentamicin were administered to cancer patients having localized infections presumably caused by anaerobic pathogens . The rates of favorable response were 89 % in patients receiving clindamycine alone and 78 % in patients receiving cefoxitin alone . When the total experience is considered ( clindamycin or cefoxitin with and without gentamicin ) , 20 of 24 patients ( 83 % ) responded to clindamycin and 18 of 22 ( 82 % ) responded to cefoxitin . Both therapies were well tolerated . Clindamycin was found to be more effective than cefoxitin in eradicating the offending anaerobic pathogens from the site of infection . Aerobic pathogens were frequently isolated along with anaerobes from the infectious sites in this series ; their susceptibility or resistance to clindamycin or cefoxitin did not influence the therapeutic response . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Anaerobic infection in cancer patients, clindamycin, cefoxitin . Clindamycin and cefoxitin with or without gentamicin, cancer patients having localized infections presumably caused by anaerobic pathogens, favorable response, clindamycine alone, cefoxitin alone ., ( clindamycin, cefoxitin with and without gentamicin ), 20 of 24, responded, 18 of 22, tolerated, effective, eradicating the offending anaerobic pathogens from the site of infection Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other
[ "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]
Anaerobic infection in cancer patients : comparative evaluation of clindamycin and cefoxitin . Clindamycin and cefoxitin with or without gentamicin were administered to cancer patients having localized infections presumably caused by anaerobic pathogens . The rates of favorable response were 89 % in patients receiving clindamycine alone and 78 % in patients receiving cefoxitin alone . When the total experience is considered ( clindamycin or cefoxitin with and without gentamicin ) , 20 of 24 patients ( 83 % ) responded to clindamycin and 18 of 22 ( 82 % ) responded to cefoxitin . Both therapies were well tolerated . Clindamycin was found to be more effective than cefoxitin in eradicating the offending anaerobic pathogens from the site of infection . Aerobic pathogens were frequently isolated along with anaerobes from the infectious sites in this series ; their susceptibility or resistance to clindamycin or cefoxitin did not influence the therapeutic response .
[ "Anaerobic", "infection", "in", "cancer", "patients", ":", "comparative", "evaluation", "of", "clindamycin", "and", "cefoxitin", ".", "Clindamycin", "and", "cefoxitin", "with", "or", "without", "gentamicin", "were", "administered", "to", "cancer", "patients", "having", "localized", "infections", "presumably", "caused", "by", "anaerobic", "pathogens", ".", "The", "rates", "of", "favorable", "response", "were", "89", "%", "in", "patients", "receiving", "clindamycine", "alone", "and", "78", "%", "in", "patients", "receiving", "cefoxitin", "alone", ".", "When", "the", "total", "experience", "is", "considered", "(", "clindamycin", "or", "cefoxitin", "with", "and", "without", "gentamicin", ")", ",", "20", "of", "24", "patients", "(", "83", "%", ")", "responded", "to", "clindamycin", "and", "18", "of", "22", "(", "82", "%", ")", "responded", "to", "cefoxitin", ".", "Both", "therapies", "were", "well", "tolerated", ".", "Clindamycin", "was", "found", "to", "be", "more", "effective", "than", "cefoxitin", "in", "eradicating", "the", "offending", "anaerobic", "pathogens", "from", "the", "site", "of", "infection", ".", "Aerobic", "pathogens", "were", "frequently", "isolated", "along", "with", "anaerobes", "from", "the", "infectious", "sites", "in", "this", "series", ";", "their", "susceptibility", "or", "resistance", "to", "clindamycin", "or", "cefoxitin", "did", "not", "influence", "the", "therapeutic", "response", "." ]
[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
Anaerobic infection in cancer patients, clindamycin, cefoxitin . Clindamycin and cefoxitin with or without gentamicin, cancer patients having localized infections presumably caused by anaerobic pathogens, favorable response, clindamycine alone, cefoxitin alone ., ( clindamycin, cefoxitin with and without gentamicin ), 20 of 24, responded, 18 of 22, tolerated, effective, eradicating the offending anaerobic pathogens from the site of infection
77931_task2
Sentence: Anaerobic infection in cancer patients : comparative evaluation of clindamycin and cefoxitin . Clindamycin and cefoxitin with or without gentamicin were administered to cancer patients having localized infections presumably caused by anaerobic pathogens . The rates of favorable response were 89 % in patients receiving clindamycine alone and 78 % in patients receiving cefoxitin alone . When the total experience is considered ( clindamycin or cefoxitin with and without gentamicin ) , 20 of 24 patients ( 83 % ) responded to clindamycin and 18 of 22 ( 82 % ) responded to cefoxitin . Both therapies were well tolerated . Clindamycin was found to be more effective than cefoxitin in eradicating the offending anaerobic pathogens from the site of infection . Aerobic pathogens were frequently isolated along with anaerobes from the infectious sites in this series ; their susceptibility or resistance to clindamycin or cefoxitin did not influence the therapeutic response . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
[ "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]
Anaerobic infection in cancer patients : comparative evaluation of clindamycin and cefoxitin . Clindamycin and cefoxitin with or without gentamicin were administered to cancer patients having localized infections presumably caused by anaerobic pathogens . The rates of favorable response were 89 % in patients receiving clindamycine alone and 78 % in patients receiving cefoxitin alone . When the total experience is considered ( clindamycin or cefoxitin with and without gentamicin ) , 20 of 24 patients ( 83 % ) responded to clindamycin and 18 of 22 ( 82 % ) responded to cefoxitin . Both therapies were well tolerated . Clindamycin was found to be more effective than cefoxitin in eradicating the offending anaerobic pathogens from the site of infection . Aerobic pathogens were frequently isolated along with anaerobes from the infectious sites in this series ; their susceptibility or resistance to clindamycin or cefoxitin did not influence the therapeutic response .
[ "Anaerobic", "infection", "in", "cancer", "patients", ":", "comparative", "evaluation", "of", "clindamycin", "and", "cefoxitin", ".", "Clindamycin", "and", "cefoxitin", "with", "or", "without", "gentamicin", "were", "administered", "to", "cancer", "patients", "having", "localized", "infections", "presumably", "caused", "by", "anaerobic", "pathogens", ".", "The", "rates", "of", "favorable", "response", "were", "89", "%", "in", "patients", "receiving", "clindamycine", "alone", "and", "78", "%", "in", "patients", "receiving", "cefoxitin", "alone", ".", "When", "the", "total", "experience", "is", "considered", "(", "clindamycin", "or", "cefoxitin", "with", "and", "without", "gentamicin", ")", ",", "20", "of", "24", "patients", "(", "83", "%", ")", "responded", "to", "clindamycin", "and", "18", "of", "22", "(", "82", "%", ")", "responded", "to", "cefoxitin", ".", "Both", "therapies", "were", "well", "tolerated", ".", "Clindamycin", "was", "found", "to", "be", "more", "effective", "than", "cefoxitin", "in", "eradicating", "the", "offending", "anaerobic", "pathogens", "from", "the", "site", "of", "infection", ".", "Aerobic", "pathogens", "were", "frequently", "isolated", "along", "with", "anaerobes", "from", "the", "infectious", "sites", "in", "this", "series", ";", "their", "susceptibility", "or", "resistance", "to", "clindamycin", "or", "cefoxitin", "did", "not", "influence", "the", "therapeutic", "response", "." ]
[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
Stat3 is a protein_molecule, interleukin-6-induced IgM production is an other_name, human B - cell line is a cell_line
67085_task0
Sentence: Involvement of Stat3 in interleukin-6-induced IgM production in a human B-cell line. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: other_name, cell_line, protein_molecule
[ "O", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "O", "B-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "O" ]
Involvement of Stat3 in interleukin-6-induced IgM production in a human B-cell line.
[ "Involvement", "of", "Stat3", "in", "interleukin-6-induced", "IgM", "production", "in", "a", "human", "B", "-", "cell", "line", "." ]
[ "protein_domain_or_region", "protein_family_or_group", "DNA_domain_or_region", "protein_molecule", "other_name", "DNA_molecule", "cell_line", "protein_subunit", "DNA_family_or_group" ]
Stat3 is a protein_molecule, interleukin-6-induced IgM production is an other_name, human B - cell line is a cell_line
67085_task1
Sentence: Involvement of Stat3 in interleukin-6-induced IgM production in a human B-cell line. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Stat3, interleukin-6-induced IgM production, human B - cell line Options: other_name, cell_line, protein_molecule
[ "O", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "O", "B-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "O" ]
Involvement of Stat3 in interleukin-6-induced IgM production in a human B-cell line.
[ "Involvement", "of", "Stat3", "in", "interleukin-6-induced", "IgM", "production", "in", "a", "human", "B", "-", "cell", "line", "." ]
[ "protein_domain_or_region", "protein_family_or_group", "DNA_domain_or_region", "protein_molecule", "other_name", "DNA_molecule", "cell_line", "protein_subunit", "DNA_family_or_group" ]
Stat3, interleukin-6-induced IgM production, human B - cell line
67085_task2
Sentence: Involvement of Stat3 in interleukin-6-induced IgM production in a human B-cell line. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
[ "O", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "O", "B-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "O" ]
Involvement of Stat3 in interleukin-6-induced IgM production in a human B-cell line.
[ "Involvement", "of", "Stat3", "in", "interleukin-6-induced", "IgM", "production", "in", "a", "human", "B", "-", "cell", "line", "." ]
[ "protein_domain_or_region", "protein_family_or_group", "DNA_domain_or_region", "protein_molecule", "other_name", "DNA_molecule", "cell_line", "protein_subunit", "DNA_family_or_group" ]
delta is a Protein, beta is a Protein, delta is a Protein, beta is a Protein, delta is a Protein, beta is a Protein, delta is a Protein, beta is a Protein, beta is a Protein, delta is a Protein, CAT is a Protein, CAT is a Protein, beta globin is a Protein, promoter is a Entity, delta is a Protein, promoter is a Entity, beta globin is a Protein, promoter is a Entity, delta is a Protein, beta globin is a Protein, delta is a Protein, beta globin is a Protein, delta is a Protein, beta globin is a Protein, promoter is a Entity, beta is a Protein, BP1 is a Protein, BP2 is a Protein, beta globin is a Protein, DNase I is a Protein, delta - globin is a Protein, GATA-1 is a Protein, BP2 is a Protein, upstream promoter region is a Entity, beta globin is a Protein
131_task0
Sentence: Identification of upstream regulatory elements that repress expression of adult beta-like globin genes in a primitive erythroid environment. Our investigations have focused on localizing cis-elements responsible for the down regulation of the adult beta-like globin genes (delta and beta) in immature, or primitive erythroid tissues. We studied their activity after transfection into K562 cells, an erythroleukemia cell line with an embryonic-fetal phenotype. Analyzed DNA sequences included delta and beta 5' flanking regions extending from approximately -500 to +50bp (promoter regions), truncated delta and beta 5' flanking regions extending from approximately -250 to +50 bp, and chimeric promoter constructions, which consisted of a distal delta or beta fragment fused to a proximal beta or delta sequence. In CAT reporter constructions no appreciable level of CAT activity was supported by the beta globin promoter, and only low level activity by the delta promoter. Truncation of the beta globin promoter led to a 2-3 fold increase in promoter activity. In contrast, deletion of the upstream portion of the delta promoter led to a 10 fold decrease in expression. Coupling of the upstream beta globin sequence from approximately -500 to -250 bp to the truncated delta promoter fragment led to complete extinction of transcription activity, consistent with a negative regulatory effect of the beta globin gene upstream element(s). Fusion of the upstream portion of the delta promoter to the truncated beta globin promoter yielded a modest increase in promoter strength relative to the truncated beta gene promoter, indicating the presence of a positive transcriptional element(s) in the upstream delta globin regulatory region. Site-directed mutagenesis of binding sites for the repressor proteins BP1 and BP2 in the upstream portion of the beta globin gene flanking region led to a 4-6 fold increase in promoter activity. DNase I footprinting of the upstream delta-globin region revealed protected sequences corresponding to consensus binding sites for GATA-1 and BP2. These results confirm that sequences in the upstream promoter region of the adult beta globin gene contribute to its factor-mediated suppression early in development and then may modulate its expression at a later stage. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Entity, Protein
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Identification of upstream regulatory elements that repress expression of adult beta-like globin genes in a primitive erythroid environment. Our investigations have focused on localizing cis-elements responsible for the down regulation of the adult beta-like globin genes (delta and beta) in immature, or primitive erythroid tissues. We studied their activity after transfection into K562 cells, an erythroleukemia cell line with an embryonic-fetal phenotype. Analyzed DNA sequences included delta and beta 5' flanking regions extending from approximately -500 to +50bp (promoter regions), truncated delta and beta 5' flanking regions extending from approximately -250 to +50 bp, and chimeric promoter constructions, which consisted of a distal delta or beta fragment fused to a proximal beta or delta sequence. In CAT reporter constructions no appreciable level of CAT activity was supported by the beta globin promoter, and only low level activity by the delta promoter. Truncation of the beta globin promoter led to a 2-3 fold increase in promoter activity. In contrast, deletion of the upstream portion of the delta promoter led to a 10 fold decrease in expression. Coupling of the upstream beta globin sequence from approximately -500 to -250 bp to the truncated delta promoter fragment led to complete extinction of transcription activity, consistent with a negative regulatory effect of the beta globin gene upstream element(s). Fusion of the upstream portion of the delta promoter to the truncated beta globin promoter yielded a modest increase in promoter strength relative to the truncated beta gene promoter, indicating the presence of a positive transcriptional element(s) in the upstream delta globin regulatory region. Site-directed mutagenesis of binding sites for the repressor proteins BP1 and BP2 in the upstream portion of the beta globin gene flanking region led to a 4-6 fold increase in promoter activity. DNase I footprinting of the upstream delta-globin region revealed protected sequences corresponding to consensus binding sites for GATA-1 and BP2. These results confirm that sequences in the upstream promoter region of the adult beta globin gene contribute to its factor-mediated suppression early in development and then may modulate its expression at a later stage.
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[ "Entity", "Protein" ]
delta is a Protein, beta is a Protein, delta is a Protein, beta is a Protein, delta is a Protein, beta is a Protein, delta is a Protein, beta is a Protein, beta is a Protein, delta is a Protein, CAT is a Protein, CAT is a Protein, beta globin is a Protein, promoter is a Entity, delta is a Protein, promoter is a Entity, beta globin is a Protein, promoter is a Entity, delta is a Protein, beta globin is a Protein, delta is a Protein, beta globin is a Protein, delta is a Protein, beta globin is a Protein, promoter is a Entity, beta is a Protein, BP1 is a Protein, BP2 is a Protein, beta globin is a Protein, DNase I is a Protein, delta - globin is a Protein, GATA-1 is a Protein, BP2 is a Protein, upstream promoter region is a Entity, beta globin is a Protein
131_task1
Sentence: Identification of upstream regulatory elements that repress expression of adult beta-like globin genes in a primitive erythroid environment. Our investigations have focused on localizing cis-elements responsible for the down regulation of the adult beta-like globin genes (delta and beta) in immature, or primitive erythroid tissues. We studied their activity after transfection into K562 cells, an erythroleukemia cell line with an embryonic-fetal phenotype. Analyzed DNA sequences included delta and beta 5' flanking regions extending from approximately -500 to +50bp (promoter regions), truncated delta and beta 5' flanking regions extending from approximately -250 to +50 bp, and chimeric promoter constructions, which consisted of a distal delta or beta fragment fused to a proximal beta or delta sequence. In CAT reporter constructions no appreciable level of CAT activity was supported by the beta globin promoter, and only low level activity by the delta promoter. Truncation of the beta globin promoter led to a 2-3 fold increase in promoter activity. In contrast, deletion of the upstream portion of the delta promoter led to a 10 fold decrease in expression. Coupling of the upstream beta globin sequence from approximately -500 to -250 bp to the truncated delta promoter fragment led to complete extinction of transcription activity, consistent with a negative regulatory effect of the beta globin gene upstream element(s). Fusion of the upstream portion of the delta promoter to the truncated beta globin promoter yielded a modest increase in promoter strength relative to the truncated beta gene promoter, indicating the presence of a positive transcriptional element(s) in the upstream delta globin regulatory region. Site-directed mutagenesis of binding sites for the repressor proteins BP1 and BP2 in the upstream portion of the beta globin gene flanking region led to a 4-6 fold increase in promoter activity. DNase I footprinting of the upstream delta-globin region revealed protected sequences corresponding to consensus binding sites for GATA-1 and BP2. These results confirm that sequences in the upstream promoter region of the adult beta globin gene contribute to its factor-mediated suppression early in development and then may modulate its expression at a later stage. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: delta, beta, delta, beta, delta, beta, delta, beta, beta, delta, CAT, CAT, beta globin, promoter, delta, promoter, beta globin, promoter, delta, beta globin, delta, beta globin, delta, beta globin, promoter, beta, BP1, BP2, beta globin, DNase I, delta - globin, GATA-1, BP2, upstream promoter region, beta globin Options: Entity, Protein
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Identification of upstream regulatory elements that repress expression of adult beta-like globin genes in a primitive erythroid environment. Our investigations have focused on localizing cis-elements responsible for the down regulation of the adult beta-like globin genes (delta and beta) in immature, or primitive erythroid tissues. We studied their activity after transfection into K562 cells, an erythroleukemia cell line with an embryonic-fetal phenotype. Analyzed DNA sequences included delta and beta 5' flanking regions extending from approximately -500 to +50bp (promoter regions), truncated delta and beta 5' flanking regions extending from approximately -250 to +50 bp, and chimeric promoter constructions, which consisted of a distal delta or beta fragment fused to a proximal beta or delta sequence. In CAT reporter constructions no appreciable level of CAT activity was supported by the beta globin promoter, and only low level activity by the delta promoter. Truncation of the beta globin promoter led to a 2-3 fold increase in promoter activity. In contrast, deletion of the upstream portion of the delta promoter led to a 10 fold decrease in expression. Coupling of the upstream beta globin sequence from approximately -500 to -250 bp to the truncated delta promoter fragment led to complete extinction of transcription activity, consistent with a negative regulatory effect of the beta globin gene upstream element(s). Fusion of the upstream portion of the delta promoter to the truncated beta globin promoter yielded a modest increase in promoter strength relative to the truncated beta gene promoter, indicating the presence of a positive transcriptional element(s) in the upstream delta globin regulatory region. Site-directed mutagenesis of binding sites for the repressor proteins BP1 and BP2 in the upstream portion of the beta globin gene flanking region led to a 4-6 fold increase in promoter activity. DNase I footprinting of the upstream delta-globin region revealed protected sequences corresponding to consensus binding sites for GATA-1 and BP2. These results confirm that sequences in the upstream promoter region of the adult beta globin gene contribute to its factor-mediated suppression early in development and then may modulate its expression at a later stage.
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[ "Entity", "Protein" ]
delta, beta, delta, beta, delta, beta, delta, beta, beta, delta, CAT, CAT, beta globin, promoter, delta, promoter, beta globin, promoter, delta, beta globin, delta, beta globin, delta, beta globin, promoter, beta, BP1, BP2, beta globin, DNase I, delta - globin, GATA-1, BP2, upstream promoter region, beta globin
131_task2
Sentence: Identification of upstream regulatory elements that repress expression of adult beta-like globin genes in a primitive erythroid environment. Our investigations have focused on localizing cis-elements responsible for the down regulation of the adult beta-like globin genes (delta and beta) in immature, or primitive erythroid tissues. We studied their activity after transfection into K562 cells, an erythroleukemia cell line with an embryonic-fetal phenotype. Analyzed DNA sequences included delta and beta 5' flanking regions extending from approximately -500 to +50bp (promoter regions), truncated delta and beta 5' flanking regions extending from approximately -250 to +50 bp, and chimeric promoter constructions, which consisted of a distal delta or beta fragment fused to a proximal beta or delta sequence. In CAT reporter constructions no appreciable level of CAT activity was supported by the beta globin promoter, and only low level activity by the delta promoter. Truncation of the beta globin promoter led to a 2-3 fold increase in promoter activity. In contrast, deletion of the upstream portion of the delta promoter led to a 10 fold decrease in expression. Coupling of the upstream beta globin sequence from approximately -500 to -250 bp to the truncated delta promoter fragment led to complete extinction of transcription activity, consistent with a negative regulatory effect of the beta globin gene upstream element(s). Fusion of the upstream portion of the delta promoter to the truncated beta globin promoter yielded a modest increase in promoter strength relative to the truncated beta gene promoter, indicating the presence of a positive transcriptional element(s) in the upstream delta globin regulatory region. Site-directed mutagenesis of binding sites for the repressor proteins BP1 and BP2 in the upstream portion of the beta globin gene flanking region led to a 4-6 fold increase in promoter activity. DNase I footprinting of the upstream delta-globin region revealed protected sequences corresponding to consensus binding sites for GATA-1 and BP2. These results confirm that sequences in the upstream promoter region of the adult beta globin gene contribute to its factor-mediated suppression early in development and then may modulate its expression at a later stage. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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Identification of upstream regulatory elements that repress expression of adult beta-like globin genes in a primitive erythroid environment. Our investigations have focused on localizing cis-elements responsible for the down regulation of the adult beta-like globin genes (delta and beta) in immature, or primitive erythroid tissues. We studied their activity after transfection into K562 cells, an erythroleukemia cell line with an embryonic-fetal phenotype. Analyzed DNA sequences included delta and beta 5' flanking regions extending from approximately -500 to +50bp (promoter regions), truncated delta and beta 5' flanking regions extending from approximately -250 to +50 bp, and chimeric promoter constructions, which consisted of a distal delta or beta fragment fused to a proximal beta or delta sequence. In CAT reporter constructions no appreciable level of CAT activity was supported by the beta globin promoter, and only low level activity by the delta promoter. Truncation of the beta globin promoter led to a 2-3 fold increase in promoter activity. In contrast, deletion of the upstream portion of the delta promoter led to a 10 fold decrease in expression. Coupling of the upstream beta globin sequence from approximately -500 to -250 bp to the truncated delta promoter fragment led to complete extinction of transcription activity, consistent with a negative regulatory effect of the beta globin gene upstream element(s). Fusion of the upstream portion of the delta promoter to the truncated beta globin promoter yielded a modest increase in promoter strength relative to the truncated beta gene promoter, indicating the presence of a positive transcriptional element(s) in the upstream delta globin regulatory region. Site-directed mutagenesis of binding sites for the repressor proteins BP1 and BP2 in the upstream portion of the beta globin gene flanking region led to a 4-6 fold increase in promoter activity. DNase I footprinting of the upstream delta-globin region revealed protected sequences corresponding to consensus binding sites for GATA-1 and BP2. These results confirm that sequences in the upstream promoter region of the adult beta globin gene contribute to its factor-mediated suppression early in development and then may modulate its expression at a later stage.
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repair is an umlsterm, torn is an umlsterm, labrum - capsule is an umlsterm, technique is an umlsterm, postoperative complications is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, anterior is an umlsterm, Intraoperative complications is an umlsterm, wire is an umlsterm, fracture is an umlsterm, head is an umlsterm, cartilage is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, shoulder is an umlsterm, foreign body reaction is an umlsterm, synovitis is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, infections is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, pathology is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, knowledge is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, attention is an umlsterm, guidelines is an umlsterm, wires is an umlsterm, visualization is an umlsterm, incidence is an umlsterm, synovitis is an umlsterm, adhesive capsulitis is an umlsterm
Arthroskopie.00130232.eng.abstr_task0
Sentence: Arthroscopic Bankart repair is performed via an inferior transmuscular approach to reattach the torn labrum-capsule complex with biodegradable extra-articular implants ( Suretac ) . An additional superior labrum or SLAP lesion is refixed with an intra-articular technique . Intra- and postoperative complications after arthroscopic stabilization of 170 patients with traumatic anterior instability or SLAP lesion were analyzed retrospectively . Intraoperative complications included breakage ( 1 ) and bending ( 3 ) of the guide wire , fracture ( 2 ) , and loss ( 2 ) of implants . In one case , the head of the Suretac cut through the refixed labrum , and in seven cases a bulging out of the glenoid cartilage after implant insertion was seen . Eight patients suffered from a frozen shoulder postoperatively , caused by a foreign body reaction and synovitis , and required revision surgery . No patient with neurologic complications or infections was recorded . Arthroscopic treatment of this pathology is technically demanding and requires an experienced surgical team , as well as the knowledge of all possible complications . The failure rate can be lowered by paying attention to some guidelines ( high flexible wires , 8-mm diameter Suretac , fixation steps under visualization ) . A higher incidence of adverse reactions with synovitis followed by adhesive capsulitis seems to be correlated to the biodegradable material , and isdifficult to avoid . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm
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Arthroscopic Bankart repair is performed via an inferior transmuscular approach to reattach the torn labrum-capsule complex with biodegradable extra-articular implants ( Suretac ) . An additional superior labrum or SLAP lesion is refixed with an intra-articular technique . Intra- and postoperative complications after arthroscopic stabilization of 170 patients with traumatic anterior instability or SLAP lesion were analyzed retrospectively . Intraoperative complications included breakage ( 1 ) and bending ( 3 ) of the guide wire , fracture ( 2 ) , and loss ( 2 ) of implants . In one case , the head of the Suretac cut through the refixed labrum , and in seven cases a bulging out of the glenoid cartilage after implant insertion was seen . Eight patients suffered from a frozen shoulder postoperatively , caused by a foreign body reaction and synovitis , and required revision surgery . No patient with neurologic complications or infections was recorded . Arthroscopic treatment of this pathology is technically demanding and requires an experienced surgical team , as well as the knowledge of all possible complications . The failure rate can be lowered by paying attention to some guidelines ( high flexible wires , 8-mm diameter Suretac , fixation steps under visualization ) . A higher incidence of adverse reactions with synovitis followed by adhesive capsulitis seems to be correlated to the biodegradable material , and isdifficult to avoid .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
repair is an umlsterm, torn is an umlsterm, labrum - capsule is an umlsterm, technique is an umlsterm, postoperative complications is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, anterior is an umlsterm, Intraoperative complications is an umlsterm, wire is an umlsterm, fracture is an umlsterm, head is an umlsterm, cartilage is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, shoulder is an umlsterm, foreign body reaction is an umlsterm, synovitis is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, infections is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, pathology is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, knowledge is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, attention is an umlsterm, guidelines is an umlsterm, wires is an umlsterm, visualization is an umlsterm, incidence is an umlsterm, synovitis is an umlsterm, adhesive capsulitis is an umlsterm
Arthroskopie.00130232.eng.abstr_task1
Sentence: Arthroscopic Bankart repair is performed via an inferior transmuscular approach to reattach the torn labrum-capsule complex with biodegradable extra-articular implants ( Suretac ) . An additional superior labrum or SLAP lesion is refixed with an intra-articular technique . Intra- and postoperative complications after arthroscopic stabilization of 170 patients with traumatic anterior instability or SLAP lesion were analyzed retrospectively . Intraoperative complications included breakage ( 1 ) and bending ( 3 ) of the guide wire , fracture ( 2 ) , and loss ( 2 ) of implants . In one case , the head of the Suretac cut through the refixed labrum , and in seven cases a bulging out of the glenoid cartilage after implant insertion was seen . Eight patients suffered from a frozen shoulder postoperatively , caused by a foreign body reaction and synovitis , and required revision surgery . No patient with neurologic complications or infections was recorded . Arthroscopic treatment of this pathology is technically demanding and requires an experienced surgical team , as well as the knowledge of all possible complications . The failure rate can be lowered by paying attention to some guidelines ( high flexible wires , 8-mm diameter Suretac , fixation steps under visualization ) . A higher incidence of adverse reactions with synovitis followed by adhesive capsulitis seems to be correlated to the biodegradable material , and isdifficult to avoid . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: repair, torn, labrum - capsule, technique, postoperative complications, patients, anterior, Intraoperative complications, wire, fracture, head, cartilage, patients, shoulder, foreign body reaction, synovitis, surgery, patient, complications, infections, treatment, pathology, surgical, knowledge, complications, attention, guidelines, wires, visualization, incidence, synovitis, adhesive capsulitis Options: umlsterm
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Arthroscopic Bankart repair is performed via an inferior transmuscular approach to reattach the torn labrum-capsule complex with biodegradable extra-articular implants ( Suretac ) . An additional superior labrum or SLAP lesion is refixed with an intra-articular technique . Intra- and postoperative complications after arthroscopic stabilization of 170 patients with traumatic anterior instability or SLAP lesion were analyzed retrospectively . Intraoperative complications included breakage ( 1 ) and bending ( 3 ) of the guide wire , fracture ( 2 ) , and loss ( 2 ) of implants . In one case , the head of the Suretac cut through the refixed labrum , and in seven cases a bulging out of the glenoid cartilage after implant insertion was seen . Eight patients suffered from a frozen shoulder postoperatively , caused by a foreign body reaction and synovitis , and required revision surgery . No patient with neurologic complications or infections was recorded . Arthroscopic treatment of this pathology is technically demanding and requires an experienced surgical team , as well as the knowledge of all possible complications . The failure rate can be lowered by paying attention to some guidelines ( high flexible wires , 8-mm diameter Suretac , fixation steps under visualization ) . A higher incidence of adverse reactions with synovitis followed by adhesive capsulitis seems to be correlated to the biodegradable material , and isdifficult to avoid .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
repair, torn, labrum - capsule, technique, postoperative complications, patients, anterior, Intraoperative complications, wire, fracture, head, cartilage, patients, shoulder, foreign body reaction, synovitis, surgery, patient, complications, infections, treatment, pathology, surgical, knowledge, complications, attention, guidelines, wires, visualization, incidence, synovitis, adhesive capsulitis
Arthroskopie.00130232.eng.abstr_task2
Sentence: Arthroscopic Bankart repair is performed via an inferior transmuscular approach to reattach the torn labrum-capsule complex with biodegradable extra-articular implants ( Suretac ) . An additional superior labrum or SLAP lesion is refixed with an intra-articular technique . Intra- and postoperative complications after arthroscopic stabilization of 170 patients with traumatic anterior instability or SLAP lesion were analyzed retrospectively . Intraoperative complications included breakage ( 1 ) and bending ( 3 ) of the guide wire , fracture ( 2 ) , and loss ( 2 ) of implants . In one case , the head of the Suretac cut through the refixed labrum , and in seven cases a bulging out of the glenoid cartilage after implant insertion was seen . Eight patients suffered from a frozen shoulder postoperatively , caused by a foreign body reaction and synovitis , and required revision surgery . No patient with neurologic complications or infections was recorded . Arthroscopic treatment of this pathology is technically demanding and requires an experienced surgical team , as well as the knowledge of all possible complications . The failure rate can be lowered by paying attention to some guidelines ( high flexible wires , 8-mm diameter Suretac , fixation steps under visualization ) . A higher incidence of adverse reactions with synovitis followed by adhesive capsulitis seems to be correlated to the biodegradable material , and isdifficult to avoid . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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Arthroscopic Bankart repair is performed via an inferior transmuscular approach to reattach the torn labrum-capsule complex with biodegradable extra-articular implants ( Suretac ) . An additional superior labrum or SLAP lesion is refixed with an intra-articular technique . Intra- and postoperative complications after arthroscopic stabilization of 170 patients with traumatic anterior instability or SLAP lesion were analyzed retrospectively . Intraoperative complications included breakage ( 1 ) and bending ( 3 ) of the guide wire , fracture ( 2 ) , and loss ( 2 ) of implants . In one case , the head of the Suretac cut through the refixed labrum , and in seven cases a bulging out of the glenoid cartilage after implant insertion was seen . Eight patients suffered from a frozen shoulder postoperatively , caused by a foreign body reaction and synovitis , and required revision surgery . No patient with neurologic complications or infections was recorded . Arthroscopic treatment of this pathology is technically demanding and requires an experienced surgical team , as well as the knowledge of all possible complications . The failure rate can be lowered by paying attention to some guidelines ( high flexible wires , 8-mm diameter Suretac , fixation steps under visualization ) . A higher incidence of adverse reactions with synovitis followed by adhesive capsulitis seems to be correlated to the biodegradable material , and isdifficult to avoid .
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[ "umlsterm" ]
fenfluramine is a Intervention_Pharmacological, children is a Participant_Age, infantile is a Participant_Age, autism . is a Participant_Condition, untoward effects is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, 12 is a Participant_Sample-size, placebo - controlled is a Intervention_Control, four is a Participant_Sample-size, sample of 170 patients is a Participant_Sample-size, food refusal is a Outcome_Mental, stomach upset is a Outcome_Physical, Irritability , agitation , and crying along with continued food refusal is a Outcome_Mental, body weight is a Outcome_Physical, rebound weight gain is a Outcome_Physical, fenfluramine ' s is a Intervention_Pharmacological
76174_task0
Sentence: Untoward effects of fenfluramine in autistic children . Several recent studies have described the benefits of fenfluramine for the symptomatic treatment of infantile autism . No large surveys of side effects of this drug have been reported in autistic children . To evaluate the untoward effects of fenfluramine in children with autism , 12 subjects were systematically studied . Medication was administered in a double-blind , placebo-controlled cross-over study . Parents were trained in monitoring untoward effects . These observations were compiled in detailed daily notes . In addition , four cases describing unusual effects found in a sample of 170 patients treated with fenfluramine are also reported . In the initial 2 weeks of active drug listlessness , food refusal , and stomach upset were frequently seen . A different pattern of untoward effects was seen in the final 14 weeks of treatment . Irritability , agitation , and crying along with continued food refusal were noted . The subjects lost 2.1 % of body weight during active drug phase , but there was a rebound weight gain during the subsequent placebo phase . A thorough understanding of fenfluramine 's side effects and adverse reactions is necessary so as to differentiate them from the multiple symptoms inherent in the syndrome of autism . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Participant_Age, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Mental
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Untoward effects of fenfluramine in autistic children . Several recent studies have described the benefits of fenfluramine for the symptomatic treatment of infantile autism . No large surveys of side effects of this drug have been reported in autistic children . To evaluate the untoward effects of fenfluramine in children with autism , 12 subjects were systematically studied . Medication was administered in a double-blind , placebo-controlled cross-over study . Parents were trained in monitoring untoward effects . These observations were compiled in detailed daily notes . In addition , four cases describing unusual effects found in a sample of 170 patients treated with fenfluramine are also reported . In the initial 2 weeks of active drug listlessness , food refusal , and stomach upset were frequently seen . A different pattern of untoward effects was seen in the final 14 weeks of treatment . Irritability , agitation , and crying along with continued food refusal were noted . The subjects lost 2.1 % of body weight during active drug phase , but there was a rebound weight gain during the subsequent placebo phase . A thorough understanding of fenfluramine 's side effects and adverse reactions is necessary so as to differentiate them from the multiple symptoms inherent in the syndrome of autism .
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[ "Outcome_Mental", "Participant_Sample-size", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Control", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Condition" ]
fenfluramine is a Intervention_Pharmacological, children is a Participant_Age, infantile is a Participant_Age, autism . is a Participant_Condition, untoward effects is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, 12 is a Participant_Sample-size, placebo - controlled is a Intervention_Control, four is a Participant_Sample-size, sample of 170 patients is a Participant_Sample-size, food refusal is a Outcome_Mental, stomach upset is a Outcome_Physical, Irritability , agitation , and crying along with continued food refusal is a Outcome_Mental, body weight is a Outcome_Physical, rebound weight gain is a Outcome_Physical, fenfluramine ' s is a Intervention_Pharmacological
76174_task1
Sentence: Untoward effects of fenfluramine in autistic children . Several recent studies have described the benefits of fenfluramine for the symptomatic treatment of infantile autism . No large surveys of side effects of this drug have been reported in autistic children . To evaluate the untoward effects of fenfluramine in children with autism , 12 subjects were systematically studied . Medication was administered in a double-blind , placebo-controlled cross-over study . Parents were trained in monitoring untoward effects . These observations were compiled in detailed daily notes . In addition , four cases describing unusual effects found in a sample of 170 patients treated with fenfluramine are also reported . In the initial 2 weeks of active drug listlessness , food refusal , and stomach upset were frequently seen . A different pattern of untoward effects was seen in the final 14 weeks of treatment . Irritability , agitation , and crying along with continued food refusal were noted . The subjects lost 2.1 % of body weight during active drug phase , but there was a rebound weight gain during the subsequent placebo phase . A thorough understanding of fenfluramine 's side effects and adverse reactions is necessary so as to differentiate them from the multiple symptoms inherent in the syndrome of autism . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: fenfluramine, children, infantile, autism ., untoward effects, 12, placebo - controlled, four, sample of 170 patients, food refusal, stomach upset, Irritability , agitation , and crying along with continued food refusal, body weight, rebound weight gain, fenfluramine ' s Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Participant_Age, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Mental
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Untoward effects of fenfluramine in autistic children . Several recent studies have described the benefits of fenfluramine for the symptomatic treatment of infantile autism . No large surveys of side effects of this drug have been reported in autistic children . To evaluate the untoward effects of fenfluramine in children with autism , 12 subjects were systematically studied . Medication was administered in a double-blind , placebo-controlled cross-over study . Parents were trained in monitoring untoward effects . These observations were compiled in detailed daily notes . In addition , four cases describing unusual effects found in a sample of 170 patients treated with fenfluramine are also reported . In the initial 2 weeks of active drug listlessness , food refusal , and stomach upset were frequently seen . A different pattern of untoward effects was seen in the final 14 weeks of treatment . Irritability , agitation , and crying along with continued food refusal were noted . The subjects lost 2.1 % of body weight during active drug phase , but there was a rebound weight gain during the subsequent placebo phase . A thorough understanding of fenfluramine 's side effects and adverse reactions is necessary so as to differentiate them from the multiple symptoms inherent in the syndrome of autism .
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[ "Outcome_Mental", "Participant_Sample-size", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Control", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Condition" ]