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2024-04-23 22:07:33
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UCFqLzRqS_WRsVrna8CBtRag
|
Wow Mind is Blown Away
|
The most powerful education on Ketones I have ever heard.
| null | 2023-03-27T23:49:13 | 2024-04-23T04:24:26 | 378 |
Y2J3K2hBu_w
|
but completely mind-blowing. Well, I'm just completely mind-blowing. We just got off the day one of our 14th Keto Academy. And if you're on there, as you come on, if you're on there, just give me, I don't know, just put down one thing that you took away from this. It was absolutely electrifying. Eight years ago when we started this whole journey of Keto, like we didn't know it was gonna make, we thought it was gonna make an impact and we knew we could do something cool but we didn't know the big impact, what's happening. Hey Margaret, how are you? It's, what Dr. Angela Poff just talked about, literally one of the most cutting-edge researchers out of the University of South Florida and she talked about lifespan and quality of life as we expanded on it. Dr. Ryan Lowry just discussed the powers of fasting and ketones and anti-aging and metabolism, muscle building and fat burning, all around the same conversations. But what's really cool about this is that, legitimately, people come for fat loss, most people come for fat loss. Hey Amy, how are you? Amy, coming out to Nashville, most people come for fat loss, which is cool, awesome. But when you hear like the whole or weight loss, let's say, the whole last two and a half hours, nothing was really about weight loss, nothing. It was about, if you've seen that, tell me some of the takeaways you got from the Keto Academy, it's just absolutely extraordinary. It's about increasing vitality, longevity and health and wellness and when indirectly or directly, all those things improve fat metabolism, which lead to long-term fat loss goals or ideal weight goals that you're looking for, right? And it's just crazy when you start thinking about the oxidative stress that ketones help reduce and the free radicals that it helps eliminate. I mean, it's just, I'm just blown away. It just blows my mind when we have to try to sell our product, it is. Dr. Ryan Lowry said, he's like, why would you drink your product if you could just do the ketogenic diet? He goes, good luck. How many people can actually sustain the diet regularly? Not many, almost nobody, they always flap away. Now you can stay low carb and drink our product and do great. You can eat your carbs, drink our product and still do good, right? Do we recommend higher quality food? Absolutely, but this is unbelievable the response of what this means for humanity, for people to live optimally, to live better. And it's just cool that we get to be a part of that, right? It's cool that we get to be the ones to bring it to the world. And I'm just, I'm super juiced right now because after what I heard was, it was legendary. I mean, this is the 14th Keto Academy. I think I've hosted all but one. I think I had a baby, I think in. And it's unbelievable. And see, the reason why you lost fat with ketones is because you got healthier, your body got metabolically healthier, then you were able to start making better decisions. That's what makes what we do so special. It's, because right now we have skinny people out there going, I don't need to drink ketones, I don't have any weight, at least. You need ketones for a lot of other reasons, for cognition, mood, focus, sleep, everything else. Age better, you need them for the same reasons that the person that maybe has to lose weight or lose body fat needs it. People that are athletes go, I don't need them. No, you need them too, because you're breaking your body down. You need to protect your muscle mass. You need to protect your quality of life. You need to perform higher and higher level for a longer level. Last week I had a pretty amazing meeting around some of that. If you follow me, I was in a pretty cool place. And this is what's neat by this, but this is what's cool. I don't know if there's gonna be a replay, but there's a tomorrow night. So if you haven't got to check out tonight, hit me a private message and I'll get you on for the tomorrow night. We're gonna do, we have three specialists coming on tomorrow night. And of course, me jabbing my gums. I'll try to talk slower though. I guess so excited, because it's like we get to bring this to the world. We get to build a business around this. And I'm just gonna say this out there, if you're a person that's watching this and maybe you're not into health and wellness at all, maybe you're like, yeah, it's just one of those fads. If once you understand, you understand it's not, this is a global changer. But maybe you're an entrepreneur. Maybe you're like, hey, what's the new thing? What's up, Tim King? Hit me a message, Tim. We haven't chat in a while. But listen, there's a huge opportunity. Huge. I did a live the other day about Bitcoin and about ketones, which one would you choose if you were into an entrepreneur world? And what I just learned Friday was pretty eye-opening why ketones would be the one I would choose. But I'm not gonna get too deep into that. But my point is, is that if you're looking for an opportunity that is cutting edge in the front of the world that everybody needs, that you can make an absolutely life-changing transition of a lifestyle or quality of life, whatever that looks like for you with the right work going in, then it's time. Like come participate in what we're doing. Anybody can do it. You don't have to be a global expert. You just have to be passionate about changing lives. You have to be authentic. You have to be willing to allow people to get educated. You have a desire for better and you have to love what you do. And a lot of us love what we do. At least all the people I know love what we do. Because we get to change lives, help people live better, and then financially live a better life for ourselves. Pay our debt, pay bills, travel more, whatever it is for you. So I'm just super, I'm super excited. I'm super yoked. I do have to go get to my son's baseball scrimmage that's happening right now. So I just wanna jump on and say hi. And if you all are ready for better, let me know. Let me know. Whoever you are, let me know. If you're working with one of our other teammates or promoters, I'll make sure you get back with them. If not, I'm gonna take care of you. But it's time. It's time for us to make the pivot. Our world needs better. Our world needs better health, vitality. I for surely know people are financially just strapped. And we have one of the best opportunities, if not the best opportunity in the world, to change your financial future. If you want to, you get to help people, you get healthier, you help people, and you can financially benefit from that. What better options are there out there? Let's be honest. What better options are there out there? You just gotta be coachable, teach believable, and have a burning desire to change your life. Yes, my wife's credit card. Boo, see you tomorrow.
|
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"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2J3K2hBu_w",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}
|
UClwrpH_Np9zk8uMwnMwu8Nw
|
Are there really cannibals in this Ugandan Village ?
|
The Image of AFRICA has been DISTORTED around the WORLD & We are CHANGING the NARRATIVES via YOUTUBE videos One Country At Time.Until the HISTORY of AFRICA is told by AFRICANS, the story of GREATNESS will always GLORIFY the IMPERIALISTS!.
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|
[
"africa",
"the beauty of africa",
"wodemaya",
"beautiful african cities",
"safari",
"wildlife",
"forestscover",
"cannibalism history",
"cannibalism in papua new guinea",
"cannibalism in uganda",
"living in Uganda as cannibal"
] | 2023-04-12T20:50:00 | 2024-02-07T17:15:18 | 1,672 |
y2piJCfqnNA
|
So mpo zi, she chan numenye, she chan numenye radala Nali mosa gya mga ggamzei Ngeranjo gerwa ako Ngo nina bichi? Nga nine motoka, nina piki piki, nine ente, nine mbo zi ebindu ena babi mada wu So katindi mukunu onya, nene gana manya gaminu onya, sutya gada Ono ya ya miye, oku wa dola lukumi Dola lukumi, yi mi dira, yi mi dira Yi mi dira Nene ya nine ya Nene gana, nene gana Nene gana, nene gana Nene gana, nene gana Tachi go gambie wali musa jyamu gaga Kasera kano tukusaanzo o lima waga te tubo lawe inu Amaka go tu gatu seku wa ine motoka, che jabau From the title of this video, most of you will be like Wodomayo, how did you get to Rakae? This guy brought me here Why? To meet this lady And I was told that there are vampires here Yes they are, I don't believe it You believe it when you see them, we are going to take you there Did you know that there are carnivores in here? I've heard about it from a lot of people And I believe it's there, just like you I think we should try looking for them I am very skeptical about the presence of vampires here You've never seen one before? But you live in Rakae? No I don't I've heard stories about it, not sure whether they exist or not Do you believe that they exist? Yes I do believe, I've heard stories And I've seen cases at police Where people are having issues That their children have been eaten Or their fellow relatives are missing Out of the blue they were seen and they are missing here What kind of stories have you heard? I've also heard stories where people have taken out of their graves People who have just been buried And the next day the grave is empty Taken and eaten Please I really want to go find them Can you help me, guess I want to take me there? I'm going to get you somebody A bada bada guy is going to take you there The deep in that village you will get the raw stories there But I feel like I look delicious Delicious I don't know the day I won't be able to upload this video Are you sure you want to end in some kind of disaster? You have me to protect you Make sure you don't eat everywhere you find And make sure you don't enter people's houses in how You may end up in a deep hole somehow Now I'm scared You really want to go with me? Ya, no need to be scared, let's go Who is going to show us where the carnibas lives And I'm scared, don't know about Daniel Let's wait and see what the future holds Are you scared for me? Pray that I come back So this is the closest town to the community Where it is said that they do eat people Maybe 8 kilometers away from here It's going to see what it has in store for us What's the name of this community? Chibali So this is Chibali, we decided to step out of the car And Daniel is trying to get someone to take us to the village Oh yes, so we've reached Chibali town like what they have said And we've managed to get someone who comes from the very village Where it's claimed that they do eat people So we want to go with him because he's familiar with the place And he might introduce us to the family Is he from there? Yes, he's from there, he's right from there What's the name, your name? I'm called Chikundu Efraim Efraim Chikundu So Mr Efraim Chikundu is going to lead us Hamchikundu, are you from the same place? So they used to eat people, now passes back? Yes If you're passing by, they capture you Sometimes people would come to someone's home To come in to visit Or a child comes to your home to visit or to ask for something And the child never comes back Do they have a different tith? Or the same tith that we have? Same tith So there used to be a person over here He was the chairman of the area Now he wasn't part of the original family But he was trained by that family to eat people So he used to live here So how many people were eating when the people were still here? So the exact number of people who were eaten is not known But a lot of people were being eaten Because only those who were traced and found that had been eaten Because many disappeared but they didn't know So only those who were traced and found were eaten But this entire area had that family The main house of that family lived here Where that house is I've heard about this story I thought it's just some story that is far away So when I came here and I was told I was like nowhere I need to go find out Probably someone out there will also be shocked that such stories exist It's a very small village Look at that, look at that That's my toki But I was carrying lots of my toki man I think all the people from the village are here And all of them are telling me how they used to be scared Of the people that eats humans First of all, is it true that there were people living here That eats other humans? Badi wa teveri ziwa Banga? Badi wa teveri ziwa Fiii Fiii tuwa laba kunyama Niwa muna tuwa laba E shaba wu Na hii Ni ni ni ni te tuwa bi na Banga Fiii tuwa li kukumpi na wu Badi Saidi wa li kudu suzinga tu dima Bagi na tuwa Asa fuadi daba Asa fiai no mong Tutu wu kawo Tutu wu kizida Tuwa sanga wu karengia sti envezi No musa hii Na hii Nengoi? Nengoi tuwa ziwa kukumpi Kati gundi eni ni Tutu wu musa hii na envezi Sa hui eni sasa geiba wu kukumpi na Mucha alo Bantu wa ja Polise ja Musa ja jo rei goba li deko montu wu Ako lachi Ato gawanti Bantu wa ni baribdi chi Montu wa hangi Sa hui asafadak nuguwa Bano nabana wu Kati wu kikili na Ubatani kukwe kala ka asamba Meni moa ni za nisa ga Asa sigabu na Polise A ujmany wu kulachi Wita asa Wita asa Bantu wu naba kulachi Bagenda Kati wu ite na kuh Enkira Asa fugamu leita Ata jabane Tizewa nain ti Gu Boz kug na bade nukolana hii Bata bani bo boz kuna wubaba leita Bade nukolana hii Na wubaba leita Guwabada kola na yukolachi Gaga achogera muruwaku Ngefe te toa manya Ubaya liya bade kubanga te toala bako Nyama yago Ubaya achikero Ubaya besi te toajira bako Kaka tibu wa ite banga Ukolo Asafu wubaba leita Wubaba ja Boz kubata bani ibe Bava wayo na wubaba leita Wubama kumera Baba kuaata Bagdiai engoe zengini Zeba kore na mga zina kumuchi Musa hii Engoe zenba hii ambara Te toa manya te oba baka kamiu Oba ambuzi Oba anti te wachi manyo Wachi ni gachabi Ngefe Engoe Ani yaba ga Bobe nini ni weba ga Weba kusisa Weba kusisa Juna Naba Niba gainda Ukufu uro Temadanga kuchiharu Juna tunichi avunabu na Naba asengu kamuluni Asengu kani batunda Eradi ya sumeru lili yola baka Weba atunda Oku diya ko Ababa antu Bukabe manyi Tewali uobalala Wubaba udiya Tewali Atefetuafu na Gaba tuzi Tawaiti subirafu na sumeru Hbim gaba hbim nga nga nga nga Kati tiri hbim Chia nga nga nga nga nga nga Sobe weba Ababa antu boka boku Bukaba manyo abaari Temo awu lila kukubatu Onababu na uobalala Atefetu mani nga nga nga nga Kubanga tetoa Lama kutibatu laga Kuntiku uubunumukunu Uwama Aha So wef negotiator So wef negotiator So wef negotiator So wef negotiator So wef negotiator So wef negotiator So wef negotiator Uwama Uwama Isnwama Isnwama Isnwama Isnami Isnami Tadi mundo They've been chased away, so don't take it I see it just like a village that is full of carnivores. These are cool people that I think have interacted with them. As you can see he's not eaten me, he's just a brother. Mujye ba rekout! Oh okay. Nice to meet you. Mujye ba rekout. Ndini... How do I feel life? Because everyone laughs even if they say, call me, call you! So the people who are known in the village have to stop at a distance. The guys move in with us. Then we're going to approach the man trying to find out what exactly happened. The trick is to try to convince him in such a way that he's trying to clear his name and make himself clean. We'll see if he'll have some information forthcoming. Fingers crossed. Wait, wait. We're going to capture the trap. No. So Daniel is saying that his car cannot pass here. So he has to shoot out of this. Okay, you can come. But come. Aha, good. Now it's a hole bro. I don't want to lose you man. Ha, ha, ha. Cool. Let's continue the journey. Oh man. We are literally in the middle of nowhere. Do you know where you are? I won't lie to you that I don't know where I am. You don't know where you are, you're not scared. Well, I hope we are about five or six in number. Hopefully we can fight off any threat if it comes our way. He lives alone in the middle of nowhere. So we came to his house and they are telling us that he's actually in his farm. He's not here at the moment. The wife is the one who is around. So that's the wife. Just going to try and see if we can go and find him while he is in his farm. Who is the guy we are looking for? The guy we are looking for is the brother, one of the brothers to the alleged cannibals. So he's the only remaining close relative in the area. He was just from the other village and one of his houses was destroyed. But this is the house that he's living in currently. And currently he's not present. He has gone to the garden. He's digging at the moment so we are trying to track him right now. So he will give us his phone number and we will try moving there and see if we can find him. I think he will give us the real story if what really happened was true. That would be perfect. I think he will give us the story. We will try to use cunning ways. Let's give it a try. I think it's even one way. Certainly one way. One way. Or road for a motorbike. Maybe a tractor. Maybe a tractor. Okay, wait. Let me check. It's almost down. It was this guy. Go back. No, no, no. That's two dozen of them. Man on top dozen of them. We hold this tail up. Okay. I don't see. I think we need to walk and follow you. So the guy is right on there. I don't know if this camera cannot get there. But there is a hill right up there. And he's on top there again. I don't know what he said. I don't know what he said. How did you convince him? I don't know what he said. We have seen him. He's going to turn and come back. So we're going up there? Yeah, going up there. The guy is at the top of the hill and he's very skeptical about meeting him. I've been talking about him with him on the phone and he thinks we've come to arrest him. I've had to convince him so many times that we're not going to arrest him and that by the end of the conversation we might actually be his best friends. So let's hope we'll get some words out of him. That's why he's living idle, right? He lives far from everyone. Yeah, he lives far from everyone really. This is his workplace. He does digging and he's at the top of the hill doing his work. He just needed convincing that he's not going to be arrested and taken away from his family and from his work. No, we're definitely not going to do that. It's a lot of work. Without Daniel, I don't think this would have been possible. You all should go check out Daniel's YouTube channel for this great work. Go and check out FarmUp on YouTube and how many? 100,000 subscribers after today. It would be beautiful. Just 100,000 subscribers from this video alone. It would be cool. It would make me the happiest person on earth. Daniel, where are we going? So we've stopped where the kakut take us and we're going to meet him. Since he's a bit scared, we need to show we're human beings. Don't approach him with a car. Act like we're going to wheel him away and throw him in the car and go. So we're going up the hill to meet him I feel good. I'm not scared because Daniel is here. If you have to eat anyone, we'll Daniel first. The brain tests ya. This might be the road. I'm not going up again. Daniel, you still have to go. Whoa, got a view man. Cheese. I came to look for... Go look for nob. If you're a child living alone and you're going to meet someone then go ahead and look for a place to be with them. If you don't want to go and meet them then you're going to have to go from there. If you don't want to be with them you can't just go. You can't go. You can't just go. You can't just go and meet them Uh in K came na yon maiti. Eram maiti bagi impa, nii njituwara hechaka seneni nii njibaji zika. Nga abasiri kalebe masaka baga ambi, nii henda kuh polisi, nziga yo piki piki yo yo, yasiri demo kumere masaka, katia oluva njimaru na kusatu nyangon tumazu oku muzika. Nga gende ichi wale, nii motokhaya angi, okunona piki piki yamoto o angi, achu watu achu tegede. Oluva njimaru, na tuge ichi wale, osi saidi yangamba, piki piki yazomusango, yavugen yama, nii nbaga ambi obanga piki yavugen yama, muji sigaze, bati anawi katugere tukunoni reza kuhu, oku ali okun kuata kwangi, nii bantu ala, irakai. Nii piki piki, nga bagi sibe kei impi ingo, nga gende nga bagi sibe kei impi ingo, chechi gama mui chiawa, nali yaba antu, nii nga andi sibe yaba antu. Ega tiri, muganda o, ieruwa chiwa mui siwa? Muganda wange, ba amu siwa, kubai ali kuchiawa recho, iranga nii gya ali, nga baga yamba, iewa boda boda, iri yabu ga boda boda, So iri yabu ga boda boda, nii bali yaba ali yangaba antu ga situla. Habi siwi mani? Weba yamba, jibali yaba yamba. Bobu yaba yamba, na iewo obu debunu, echi yabu ku liya kwa yabantu. Chiatu kanechi no nii reze wanga polisi, nii bata yaba antu nga tewali suspecti e mala. Bata yaba antu onna? Tewali omu? Tewali no omu gubafuna nanti ali omu, pukupana omu gubaba nanti ali omu, ba amu no nii reze anga teba, muria ku wanga, tarina mama, tarina tata, tarina kudia, tarina bawe, tarina chika. Katibabu wuzu, mumpu yali wata nii na chika, iawa waira tarina wazali wawa. So engo ebi, nene nii nii baga mii engo ebi, nii yabu lii imba? Kwa nii obu debunu, bo gendo okun no nii reze, nii obu za government, nii gata wa nii obu subu zubu ebi na government, kwa nii juwa ebi dintu jimegu. Tuluwa echi? Kubanga mu ganda wangeba omu kumemegu, nafira omu komera, e raya falwa amegu, gama gambanti yali yaba antu. Katibabu na gei kwa asaengu zinganzi, kugenda kuna na piki piki yo yu muto wangi, ujitu ali yabana pe. Katibabu gambi e, wali musaji amu gaga. Ii motoka e... Kasera kano tuku saanzo rima, omu gaga teitu bula wei niu, ama kago tu gatu seku, Abaga re bienfune ebi tiri de, nebia magunga babubuka, babi ruti inga nebabi malahu, iranobu debu nukun saanga nii manu yabi yagenda. Kwa nii motoka yun nii bagi tuwala. Motu kwa bagi tuwala wa? Ba aso kaku jo ucha. Ie! Bagi kumakomu ri. Bagi kumakomu ri, nii gwa uni wa segarai yi yi nii. Kaka tinagenda kubamu komera, banta de masaka sasa nga chintu na jimegu wangi. Raya wangi bumutu waka wola bina delanga, e yali omu gaga na yabana. Nali na babiri, nii yaba kiyalu wudubu na sanga bama zuku chanka na nanga, bafu nii yaba sajabu kiyalu. Bafu nii yaba sajabu kiyalu. Ube naba gamba, unbengumu yi omu komera, kata bachi sika yaba sobora, yabutu yawu kana. Irana nisha yawa. Sika yina karunji, kenu nii yawu kujaga, nunya karunji kakweza wu. Kenyum pa mijirabi wefa nana. Motu kwa yagenda, tiki yali wo. Aka pichi kenali, ntambu za bi gere, ube ntubu hendi. Echi gamba chukuri yabantu, yabantu bachi tuwa rangan, soonga. Nebuku omu nonya, zinomu ganda, tu genda gire dela chitufu. Ngabu muzzewa nukun sanga jengkuala. Kati wanoli na wu yulizu wu mala, wun sanda mukulim. Nonya sentenzi reo, nii miyaka na yujin sa zeku. So, ebi gamba bi ukuri yabantu eno, biyaka wata, katimo raka hi, nii ingabu wii inu, hiya nii bada hiya tagisibwa, okumu lava ku. Nii nii ngeri yangiri yafa, irasiri na ka lungi mubahantu. Nii inga na uku fumbiza na fumbiza, mufumbiza. Abahanaba wala jibali, nii yain tiya nukubali, ita masugangi, ugamantimi waka sukaali. Sebu. Sebu mubadembu seba muka mubangi. Ah! No! Mubadembu seba wu yambi muka mubangi. Ya muka, ya muka. Nadi na li na, na li na katibu yabera mubana, wu ngambanti yabula, nage mba ampoli yabulu lungi. Wanga ibindu viya gwao, nali muga ganebidu viya gwao. Daniel is my witness. What I'm going to do right now is to Daniel, I'm going to give you a thousand dollars from my pocket, right? And what we're going to do is like, everyone watching this video, we need to let him walk again. Ya heka kumfukami. Ya heka kumfukami. Ya heka kumfukami. Ya heka kumfukami. Come back to normal, right? He wants to kneel down to thank you in advance. No, come back to normal, yeah? So Daniel, I'm going to raise funds, but all the funds comes to you. Okay. Because I'm not from here. Sure. And I don't think I'll be back any time soon. Sure. I want you to follow up. Yes. When I give you the money, sure. Later when other people send their money, you come with your YouTube channel. Exactly. Not my channel. Sure. Come and then give him all, we tell him to give him. I'll surely do so. Ya. So, Mukulu. Wajita. Um, Uchisoka umsaja. Yimu jida, yimi jida. Yimi jida. Yimi jida. So, Ineda kakana. So, ono yaya miye, oku wa dola lukumi. Dola lukumi. Yimi jida. Yimi jida. Yimi jida. So, Kakana. Dola lukumu, Kasiwa. Kendioka. Yimi s menteza yogana. Dzwa miliyo, nisa tu, dmituwa lukumia. Ndituwa lukumu. Kati. Kati. Ndituwa lukumu. Kati, kati, kati. Kati, kati, kati. Kati, Imiwa. T continue Ng overhead I Hope the team hold a camera But this team put forward they'd fill it in On the camera No problem Someone is trying to blow away Please come come and buy Funny I'll get back Ya ¿no coming back? I will come back. Thank you so much for doing this for me. I really appreciate you, and I hope we see the nurse story after this story. So he is saying this is a gift for us for coming to his We became investigation journalists at the day that was what we were looking for, but what we got actually surprised us. Oh yes, all surprised us. It seemed like a witch hunt, but in the end it ended up being a truth hunt. So you know what you all need to do, the link will be in the description, contact Daniel, let's support this man. And Daniel will be coming in here every single time to make sure that everything is okay in here. Oh yes, so I'll be coming to the place as often as I can to follow up and make sure what we want is implemented in the area. We are using these videos to make impact, so do me a favor, be part of this journey, let's support this man. My name is Mr. Ghana Baby and this is my brother, Dr. Daniel from FAMUP. Please make sure you go subscribe to his YouTube channel and hey, if you are new here, like this video and subscribe to be part of this awesome channel. I love you all and see you all in the next one.
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Nick Carter, Master Detective - The Case of the Absent Clue
|
03/07/48, episode 330
Tag filled by Otter. / http//otterbarn.tripod.com
-Video Upload powered by https://www.TunesToTube.com
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[
"Old Time Radio",
"1948"
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y2mTPrcMQaA
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Yes, ladies and gentlemen, we've got the names of the winners in the first big jingle contest and we're going to announce them later in this program. So stay tuned while New Postwar Old Dutch Cleanser, famous for chasing dirt, presents... Nick Carter, famous for chasing crime. Every week at this time, two great names are joined. As New Postwar Old Dutch Cleanser brings you one of the most resourceful and daring characters in all detective fiction. Nick Carter, master detective. Nick, you aren't going to let them get away. I don't have any choice, Pat. You'll bet you haven't. You got your name on that confession, sister? Yes, here it is. Give it to me. I have to sign it too. Oh, brother whale, this story gets around town. Nick Carter lets a killer get away and even finishes the car the killer escapes in. It'll be the biggest laugh of the year. And now, the case of the absent clue, today's adventure starring Lon Clark as Nick Carter. As a good businessman, Jeff Greeley never overlooks the chance to put his merchandise in a new and promising location. The merchandise in this case is little slips of paper with numbers on them. They sell for whatever you want to pay from a nickel on up. And the new location Jeff has in mind is a small suburban candy store owned by Paul Elliott and his wife Ruth. Right now, Jeff is giving the Elliott's a sales talk. You're a cut out of double the profits on this joint, Mr. Elliott. You'll get a big play from the kids at that school down the street. Listen, the numbers game is a racket. When I think so low that I have to cheat school kids out of nickels and dimes and start them gambling with their lunch money. Elliott, you've got the only place in this neighborhood that fits in with my plans. Then you'll have to change your plan. There was another guy that didn't want to cooperate. Somebody busted all his plate glass windows one night. You can't scare me. The other guy wasn't scared either. It wasn't until after a couple of guys slugged him that he decided to play ball with us. Paul, phone for the police. Don't bother, Elliott, I'm going. I'll call around again in a couple of days. Maybe you'll change your mind. That's the place, Bonnie. Slow down till I heave this brick. Easy now. Oh, bullseye. Now step on it. You're staying in the mail, Nate? Oh, not so far, Patsy. Say, what have you got there, a new fountain pen? Oh, no. It's one of those tear gas guns that looks like a fountain pen. Roger Matheson gave it to me. Oh, he did? That was nice of him, wasn't it? Yes, sort of handy to have in your purse, don't you think? Sort of dangerous if you ask me. Tear gas is nothing to fool with. Oh, Nick. Well, what do you know? What is it? This letter. It's from a fellow I haven't heard of since we were kids, Paul Elliott. Oh, I thought it was a case. I may be. You know who Jeff Greeley is. Small-time racketeer, isn't he? He's playing a numbers game in the suburbs now. And a crooked one at that. He's trying to strong-arm Paul into peddling the number slips for him. Strong-arm and how? Paul and his wife have a small confectionary store out in Beechwood. The front window's been smashed twice. Greeley's warned him that next time it'll be a lot more serious unless Paul gives in. Well, can't the police do anything? Not without proof. And Greeley's too smart to let him get anything on him. You know, I think I'll drive out there this evening and talk it over with Paul. Oh, you can't go to Nightney. Oh, why not? Because tonight's the annual banquet of the downtown boys' club. And you're the guest of honor. Oh, yeah, that's right. Well, I'll go afterwards then. I'd want to put this off, Betsy. No telling when Greeley will pay Paul another visit. Well, that's the store there on the right. The one the two men are coming out of? Well, you can park right behind that green sedan that the men are getting into. Oh, yeah, ma'am. They bite joint. Huh? The one with the yellow gloves. That was Jeff Greeley. Jeff Greeley? Well, do you think we ought to follow them? No, not now. I want to see what's happened inside the shop. Okay. Come on. Well, at least they haven't thrown any bombs or smashed another window. That's right. Well, I'm worried. Hmm? Paul said Greeley promised him the next time it would be more serious. Yes, what is it? Oh, my. My husband. He's hurt. Are you Mrs. Elliott? Yes, my husband. He's in the back there. Please do something. I'll go, Betsy. You stay here with her. Yes. For Mrs. Elliott, what happened? That was the man. The two that just left. They hit him. They hit him. Don't worry. Everything will be all right. How is he, Nick? Shall I call an ambulance? No. That won't be necessary. You mean he's all right. I'm afraid not, Mrs. Elliott. Paul's dead. Oh, Nick, she's fainted. Oh, I shouldn't have broken the news to work so abruptly. Oh. Hey, Betsy, take care of her. I'll call Mary and tell her to put out a general alarm for Jeff Greeley on a charge of murder. At least he'll be here in a few minutes, Betsy. How is she? Still unconscious, Nick. I just dipped my handkerchief in cold water at the soda fountain. I'll wipe her face with it. You've got a smirled at makeup. Oh, no. I won't. She isn't wearing any. You mean that peach isn't creamy-faked. Isn't that wrong? Of course it is. Some women are lucky. Oh, she's coming out of it. Oh, Paul. Paul. How do you feel, Mrs. Elliott? What were you? My name's Carter. I'm a private investigator. I used to know Paul years ago. He was a... Please, Mrs. Elliott, try to tell us what happened. Paul, Paul and I, they'd laid to unpack some new stock. He was opening the crates in the back room, and I was in the storeroom when Jeff Greeley and that other man came in. How long ago was that? It was only a few minutes ago. I heard Paul quarreling with him, and I had to see, to see Greeley. The one who was wearing yellow gloves? Yes, that's him. He picked up the crowbar. How about Paul had been using to open the crate? Did they see you? No, I don't think so. When Paul fell the front way... Yes, we saw them leave as we drove up. How is this? Try to control yourself, Mrs. Elliott, please. I just wanted to be proud of it. Of course it was. Mrs. Elliott, if you can identify Paul's killers... I can. I saw them kill him. Those men are in the electric chair. The ledger of Greeley's is the only thing in the whole apartment. Yeah, there's plenty of evidence in it to convict Greeley of running a numbers racket, but that ain't important now. Hey, wait, here's an interesting item. What? October 17th, farm $18,375. Can you imagine a bright-light character like Jeff Greeley buying a farm? What would he do with a farm? Use it as a hideout, and I'll bet that's where he is right now. Hey, you're probably right, Nick, this farm is located. If he bought it for a hideout, the chances are it ain't even in his name. Well, some of his friends might know if we could get them to talk. Yeah, maybe. We'll round up a few of them and try anyway. Oh, uh, how about the medical examiners report, Maddie? Roses, contusions, cut on the left eye. Oh, they must have beaten him pretty badly. And then finished him off with a crowbar. Oh, it's gonna be a pleasure to get my hands on those guys. I don't suppose there were any fingerprints on the crowbar, Sergeant. No, Patsy, not a single one. What? Well, why should there be, Nick? Greeley was wearing gloves. That's right, Greeley was wearing yellow gloves. Well, now look, we don't need a fingerprint. Mrs. Elliott's testimony will be enough to convict those two rats. Yeah, but if anything happened to her, you wouldn't have any case at all against Greeley. Nothing is gonna happen, Patsy. We got her in a downtown hotel under an assumed name. Where? She's registered at the Kemble Arms on East 49th Street, under the name of Mrs. Anna Davis. Yes? Mrs. Elliott? No, no, I... My name's Anna Davis. I know, Mrs. Elliott. It's all right. I'm William Jeffords from the district attorney's office. Oh, I didn't know. There have been a couple of new developments in the case, Mrs. Elliott, and the DA wants to see you in his office right away. All right, just a minute. I'll get my... This is the car, Mrs. Elliott. Here, I'll open the door. Thank you. I... That man at the wheel, that's Jeff Greeley. Give him that. Nice work, Eddie. I got some driving to do. Quickly, Jeff Greeley heads the car toward his upstate hideout. While in the back seat, struggling helplessly is the woman whose story could send him to the electric chair. If she lives to tell it. We'll see what happens next in just a moment. All back to the case of the absent clue. Today's adventure with Nick Carter. Jeff Greeley, racketeer and gangster kidnapped Ruth Elliott, the murdered man's wife, and the only person who could testify that he killed Paul Elliott. At headquarters, Nick and Mattie have just learned that Mrs. Elliott has disappeared from the downtown hotel where they had her registered under an assumed name. Greeley did this, Nick. It's got to be Greeley. The doorman at the hotel saw two men force her into a car, but they got away before he could call a cop. There's no use getting excited, Mattie. How long do you think Greeley is going to let her live, knowing her story will send him to the chair? Well, how do they find out where she was, Sergeant? I checked that, Patsy. They used the old registered letter again. Man went to Mrs. Elliott's apartment for the letter. She had to sign for her personally, and the superintendent told him where she was. The superintendent? Well, how did he know? I told her not to let anybody know. He said that after she found what hotel reporter in, she called him and gave him the address in case of an emergency. Well, we've sure got the emergency. Now, you can say that again. We've got to work fast. Oh, sure, sure. But what do we work on? The location of that hideout Greeley has in the country. Nick, we've been working on that and got exactly nowhere. Mattie, Greeley's brother would know where it is if anybody would. Nick, we questioned him for over an hour this morning. All right, then. We're going to question him some more. Okay, okay. I'll have him brought up. But I tell you, it's no use, Nick. Pete Greeley's dumb, but he's plenty tough. Okay, it's up to us to be just a little bit tougher. Will you guys lay off on me? I tell you, I don't know nothing. Don't give me that, Pete. Your brother Jeff bought a farm last October and you know it. Oh, no. Listen, you lame-brained stumble bum. I'm going to make you tell me where that farm is if it takes me from now until Christmas. I tell you, I never heard of no farm. Hey, wait, wait, wait, Mattie. Just had an idea. Yeah? We can find where that farm is by consulting the state registrar of deeds. Well, how will that help if he bought it under a different name? Well, we know the farm was bought on October 17th and that he paid $18,375 for it. So what? So we checked the records. It's not likely that more than one farm changed hands for that exact price on that particular day. Hey, Nick, you've got something there. Yeah, Mattie, we'll have the exact location of that farm inside of four hours. Yeah. Well, what about Pete here? You can't hold me. I ain't done nothing. Oh, you dumb. No, no, no, no. Wait, Mattie. You may as well let him go. Okay, okay. But I hope you come back to see us, Pete, when you can stay for a long, long time. I want to send a telegram. Well, that's what we're in business for. Do you have it written out? Yeah, yeah, yeah, right here. And it's got to go fast, see? Naturally. Our telegram's always... Uh, what is this first word? James, J-A-M-S. It's a guy's name. Oh, yes, of course. James, uh, Crane, is it? That's Crane. What's the matter, stupid? Can't you read? Well, uh... Hey, hey, hey, give me a minute. I'll read it to you. I don't want no mistakes. Uh, yes, that would be best. Uh, James Crane. Rural Route 6. Box 124. Rural Route? Oh, there'll be an extra charge for messenger service unless they have a phone. Okay, stupid. So send a messenger. They got no phone. Horton's Grove, New York. Dear James, your friends from downtown are coming up to see you. Never mind that, Pete, I'll take that. Carter, where'd you... I've been trailing you ever since you left headquarters. Why do you think we'll let you go? Just a moment, I'll have to have that paper. Forget it. I'm going to deliver this message personally. Is this the place? This is it. But where's Brilly's car? Do you suppose he didn't come here after all? Somebody's been here. Look at those tire tracks. Then if he's gone, we're too late. No harm in looking around. Better stand to one side. Okay. We're going to knock on the door. We might get bullets for an answer. Well, be careful, Nick. Do you hear anything? Not a sound. Tire tracks prove they had some reason for coming here. And it may have been to the dispose of a body. Oh, Nick, I hope not. Here it goes. Now let's see what we can find in here. Do you hear that? Yes. Seems to be from this room over here. Oh, thank heavens. You untie the gag, Petsy, while I get these ropes off her hands and feet. Right, Nick. There you are, Mrs. Elliot. Are you hurt? I heard your voices now. I started pounding my heels on the floor. That's the tapping we heard. All right, now you're loose. Tell me, did Jeff Greeley bring you here? Yes, he and two other men. They said they were going to kill me. Where are they now? I heard them say something about going into town for cigarettes. Oh, then we'd better hurry. We've got to get away before they come back. What? What's your rush? Really? You can all relax now, because you're not going nowhere till I say so. Greeley stands in the doorway, a revolver in his hand, and it appears that instead of rescuing Ruth Elliot, Nick and Petsy are themselves caught in the same trap. We'll see what happens in just a minute. All for the conclusion of the case of the Absent Clue, today's adventure with Nick Carter. Nick and Petsy found Ruth Elliot bound and gagged in the deserted farmhouse where she had been taken by Jeff Greeley. But just as they were about to leave, Greeley appeared in the doorway, a revolver in his hand. You can all relax now, because you're not going nowhere. You got back from town with those cigarettes in her hurry, didn't you Greeley? I never went. Bonnie and Eddie took the car and I stayed here to keep an eye on things. That was smart. Now keep on being smart and put away that gun. I'll put it away after I make sure that you three ain't going to talk now or ever. Nobody's going to get away with framing me. Framing you? Yeah. If I fry, it won't be for something I didn't do. Well, if that's all that's worrying you, Greeley, you can put that gun back in your pocket. I know you didn't kill Paul Elliot. What's that? He did. He did. I saw him. No, Mrs. Elliot, you killed your husband. She did. It's a lie. That's why you kidnapped her, isn't it, Greeley? Well, sure, I'd been trying to make her tell the truth so that I'd be clear. I can understand that. What chance would I have in a court when it's my word against hers? He wouldn't have any chance, unless you had a confession from her signed and witnessed. Yeah, and that's what I've been trying to get, and I'll get it to or else. I won't do it. I won't. He can kill me first. I see your point, Mrs. Elliot. You'd rather be shot than go through a trial and die in the electric chair. You can't prove a thing, any of you. Look, Mrs. Elliot, how about this? If you did sign such a confession, and Patsy and I witnessed it, Greeley might be willing to let you take my car and get away. So why not? I'll hold Carter and the girl here long enough for you to get clear out of the country. No, I didn't do it. It's your only chance, Mrs. Elliot. You ain't kidding me. I... You really keep them here long enough for me to get out of the country. Yeah, and I'll give you enough dough to do it with. All I want is to clear myself. Well... All right, I'll do it. Good. Now, here, I got a pencil. And she can use the paper and Patsy's notebook to write the confession out. Oh, but, Nick, you're not going to let her go. Not really. Do you see any other choice? No, but... Then give her the notebook. Oh, Nick, you must be... Patsy. Oh... Here. All right, as I dictate, Mrs. Elliot. Go ahead. I hereby confess that I killed my husband, Paul Elliot, and that Jeff Greeley is completely innocent. Now, sign it. Sign your name as witness, Patsy. Well, I'll... All right. You... You are going to keep them here, aren't you? You bet I am, but not for your sake, sister. I just want everyone to know that somebody finally got the best, a Nick Carter. What do I do with this Nick now that I've signed it? Hand me the notebook and pencil. I have to witness it, too. Well, it gets around town that Nick Carter let a killer get away and even finish it with a car to get away in. It'll be the biggest layer of the year. Better than stopping a bullet, though. Oh, I broke the point on this pencil. Patsy, let me have your fountain pen. My fountain? Yes, you have it in your purse, haven't you? Oh, yes, yes, of course, Nick. Hold it, sister. What's the matter? Just toss that purse over here, baby. I'll get that fountain pen for him. Oh, all right. Here. Ah, it's a girl. I just want to make sure you didn't pull any tricks. Here's the pen, Carter. Oh, you know I wouldn't try any tricks on a smart boy like you, Jeff. Oh, there's no ink in this pen. Huh? Well, afraid I'll have to use tear gas. All right, let's go to the gun, Greeley. Let go. I've got the confession. Don't move, Mrs. Elliott. You keep your hands up, too, Greeley. Come on, through the door, Greeley. We'll wait for the rest of your gang out when there's some fresh air. Nick, with that confession, Mrs. Elliott's sign of hell good in court. Oh, not for a minute, Patsy. It was obtained under duress. But the ones she signed when we got her to headquarters will hold good anywhere, especially with the proof we have to present to a jury. And I suppose that clears Jeff Greeley completely. Clears him of the murder charge, but he still faces a sentence for extortion, assault and battery, carrying a gun, operating their numbers racket, and kidnapping. Golly. It's going to be a good many years until we meet again. How did you know he didn't kill Elliott? I didn't know. But I began to wonder when Mrs. Elliott overdid the heartbroken wife act by pulling that phony faint. Phony? Why, it looked perfectly real to me. Ah, but it wasn't, though. When you faint, Patsy, the blood rushes from the head and you become very, very pale. Oh, so that's why you were surprised that her makeup didn't come off when I bathed her face. Mm-hmm. She still had that peaches and cream expression. But that wasn't any reason to accuse her of murder. You must have had another clue. I did. A clue that wasn't there. A clue that wasn't... Oh, what do you mean? Remember, there weren't any fingerprints on the crowbar that Paul Elliott was killed with? Well, why shouldn't it be any? Greeley was wearing gloves. True enough, but Elliott had been working with the crowbar and he wasn't wearing gloves. His prints should have been all over it. And since they weren't, I knew somebody must have wiped them off. And it wouldn't have been Greeley because he was wearing gloves anyway. Right. So it had to be Mrs. Elliott. Nobody else was there. You mean that after Greeley and the other man came in the store and beat up her husband, she saw her chance to murder him and put the blame on them? According to her confession, they left Paul lying on the floor unconscious, which gave her a perfect opportunity. But why? What motive did she have? Money. She killed him for money? Yes. Paul had a lot of insurance. Oh. And they hadn't been getting along for a couple of years, so she thought she saw a chance to commit the perfect murder. Mm-hmm. Well, Nick, that little tear gas gun of mine certainly came in handy, didn't it? I certainly did. Lucky for us, the Jeff didn't take a closer look and see that it really wasn't a fountain pen. I guess you're glad now that I had it in my purse, huh? I still say it's a dangerous thing to carry. But it isn't. Look, Nick, unless you push the little button here... Hey, Ben! Patsy, you little idiot! How did I know it would go off? Winners of the four 1948 Super Deluxe 4V8 four-door sedans in the first new post-war old Dutch cleanser contest which closed February 28th. Suppose you do the honors. I'll be glad to, Mike. These folks have won themselves a brand-new Super Deluxe 4V8 four-door sedan. Mrs. L.J. Elman of Route 1, Odessa, Florida. Mrs. J.J. Bartlett of 1705 Summit View Avenue, Yakima, Washington. Mrs. H.E. Brower of 16618 South Woodruff Avenue, Bellflower, California. And Mrs. M.L. Burns of 203 Wilmot Avenue, Bridgeport 7, Connecticut. My only regret is that I can't award these Ford's in person. I'd certainly like to see the smiles that wreathe the happy faces of these winners. So would I, Nick. For all these Ford and other prize winners, congratulations. We'll have more winners next week, so be sure to listen. Nick Carter, master detective, is presented each week at this time by the Cuddehy Packing Company. It is produced and directed by Jock McGregor and is copyrighted by Street and Smith Publications Incorporated. Charlotte Manson is featured as Patsy. Mattie is played by Ad Latimer. Today's script was written by Jim Parsons. Original music is played by Henry Silverne. The program is fictional, and any resemblance to actual persons living or dead is purely coincidental. The Girl Scouts, 36 years old this week, have pledged themselves to send 100,000 kits of clothing to destitute children overseas. To help in this project, call your local Girl Scout office. This is Michael Fitzmorris speaking. This is the Mutual Broadcasting System.
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Junior Year Reflection | UCF
|
Freshman Year Reflection: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtTYjQJySpA&list=PL6JbcnYlT2YiekxGl2w_1qJac4KmkqBXK&index=3
Sophomore Year Reflection: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8jxrLVCAN3U&list=PL6JbcnYlT2YiekxGl2w_1qJac4KmkqBXK&index=7
21st Bday Vlog: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o8MWiQcKMxs&list=PL6JbcnYlT2YhuaTBLHDEUHJjakV6Z23Eh&index=145
VISIT MY BLOG!! I POST ABOUT FASHION, BEAUTY, LIFESTYLE, TRAVEL, ETC. : http://www.sonarlylife.com
_
☮☮Please comment any criticism you have to make my videos better but please be nice about! I will really appreciate it because I'm always looking to make my videos better☮☮
_
Twitter: https://twitter.com/So_Narly
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_
Email: msonaliprabhu@gmail.com
_
Camera: Canon 70D
Editor: Final Cut Pro X & Motion
_
About Me!
Name: Sonali (Sun-all-e) aka sonarly, sona, nali
Age: 20
Ethnicity: Indian
College: University of Central Florida
Major: Radio/ Television
Sorority: Kappa Delta
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Hey guys, what's up? My name is Sonali. Today I'm going to be doing my junior year reflection video. I've done this video for freshmen and sophomore years, so I will have the links to both of those videos in the description box. So if you want to get a little background story of my whole college experience, then definitely watch those before you watch this video. So like the other videos, I just wrote down a couple of events and just random thoughts I had about this past year. So this video might be a little bit out of order, but let's get started. So right now I am officially a senior in college. I mean I feel like I say this in every reflection video, but the year literally feels like it just flew by and just like college in general. It just went by so fast and I don't know how that happened because I feel like high school took forever and it was like the same amount of time like four years, you know? So a little background. I do go to the University of Central Florida. I'm majoring in radio television and I'm taking the generalist track and also this year I changed my minor. So I used to be entrepreneurship and I switched to sociology and the reason for that was because the entrepreneurship one, I was going to take more classes. I had already taken like one in the minor and then when I went to like go and roll for some more classes, those classes had prerequisites and then those prerequisites had prerequisites. I kind of wanted to just get out of here in four years and not have to do like a summer after a whole year after. So you might be thinking like how did she get from entrepreneurship to sociology? Like what made me pick sociology? And to be honest, it's just that sociology had like a lot of online classes to take. So yeah, I'm just really over going to physical class and I don't see anything wrong with like learning online and learning, you know, wherever you want to learn. So I just have the whole mentality that I really would rather do a class online and you know, we're all different. We all have different preferences and that's just how I like to roll. I actually just went to an advising session recently and hearing that I just need to take like 22 credit hours more was like what? It's just crazy because coming into college, I think you need to get like 120 credits or something like that. Some huge number and you're just like overwhelmed by hearing that number. But when you get down to 20, you're just like what do I do? I don't like I'm about to graduate. Like it's weird, you know. So it's even crazier is that I could actually graduate in the fall if I wanted to because I have been taking two or even more classes every single summer since before freshman year. So basically I only have seven more classes to take. If I take two over the summer and five in the fall, I can graduate in December and that's not going to happen because I do not want to graduate. I want to stay here, you know, not as long as I can because I can definitely be a fifth year senior if I like took on another major. That's not going to happen. I'm not trying to stay that long, but I definitely want to stay, you know, for four whole years, like a normal college career. I want to get everything out of it as I can. And I don't think I'm ready to like just like adult that fast. So I am kind of like prolonging it. So I'm going to be taking like two over the summer and like maybe three classes in the fall and two over spring just because, you know, I just want to like stay here. Is that so bad? So that's basically my academic background. So if you guys didn't know, and if you watch my videos, you probably would know because I like literally vlog about it all the time. But I am in a sorority. I am in Kappa Delta and it is my third year here or I'm going into my fourth. So I did go through recruitment as a freshman. This past year was my first year living in the sorority house. And it was also my first time ever having a roommate. And honestly, I was kind of worried because basically I only have like half a room to like store all my stuff. And guys, you don't even understand how much stuff I have. Like I'm currently moving out. I definitely thought living with a roommate was going to be weird. I was just kind of worried about like the whole sleep schedule thing if like one had to get up early and like, you know, that kind of thing. Or even sometimes I'm in a really clean mood and I have to have everything clean. But like, I can't really like clean her side like, you know what I mean? So I was just kind of worried about that. But I definitely learned if like something's not clean, it's not the end of the world. Or like, I really had this mentality that like, the room was split. And like if my side was clean, that's all that mattered. I don't know. It was just kind of weird. I definitely really liked it though, because I'm such a people person. I love having people around me all the time. And it was just nice not to feel lonely because in my apartment, I definitely felt lonely most of the time whenever I would like come back. I mean, it was nice because, you know, you could listen to YouTube out loud and not have to wear headphones, but it's definitely like worth it. And I got super lucky because I got to the room with my best friend. So yeah, that probably made it a lot better. When I was a freshman, everyone said like, oh, you should like probably look into being vice president of public relations and like being the system since you like photography and like videography and stuff like that. So I definitely was interested, but there was one stipulation and that was you had to live in the house. And at that time I was like, hell no, like I have a boyfriend back in Georgia, he comes to visit me. And like, what would we do if I lived in the story house? Because obviously he couldn't sleep here. So you know, that's just so much money that we would have to pay for a hotel room and you know, blah, blah, blah. And I feel like I was just being so stupid because he doesn't even come to visit that often. And now that we have Airbnb, that's what we use. And it's really not that big of a deal. So I'm so happy that I did live here because I loved it. It was so convenient guys. Oh my gosh. Like if I didn't have to, I would not touch my car for like weeks on end. Like it was insane. All my classes are in this one building literally so close to my sorority house. So it's so nice to just roll out of bed and you know, just walk two steps and you're at class. And if you do have the choice to live in a sorority house, do it 100% because it is amazing. Like you will never have the option to live with this many girls. And it's just so fun being surrounded by like so many people. I don't know. I just like it. So like I said, the reason for living here is because I did take on the role of vice president of public relations my sophomore year into my junior year. And I just recently got reelected for a second term. So that's really exciting. And I'll be living in the house next year and I'm upgrading to the president suite upstairs, which is a tad bit bigger. Last year, my chapter actually hired a videographer. So I just kind of took pictures. But this year, I got to do so many more videos for Katie and it made my heart so happy. I got to do like the big events, which is like the share mark event, Katie Shake Down. And then I got to do the bid day video and I'm going to be doing the recruitment and philanthropy video, which is shown during recruitment. So that's a huge deal. And I'm just so honored that like I've gained their trust enough for them to like let me do this and let me take on this role. So I'm so excited. If you guys are going through recruitment here at UCF, definitely look out for that. And it will definitely be on the capital to UCF YouTube channel after recruitment. So definitely look for that as well. Speaking of videos this year, I finally got my first paid gig. And it was just so exciting. It was for the station, which is a new apartment complex. And I even got to work with college weekly. I also invested a little bit more into my equipment. So I got a new lens. I got a new microphone. I got new lights. It's awesome because I get to use all this equipment for obviously my YouTube channel and my Instagram and stuff like that. But it's super cool that I can actually make my money back on these investments. So it's definitely the best feeling when you're actually getting paid for your services. This past year, I turned 21 and it was so awesome. I actually vlogged my 21st birthday weekend because I was home for a bit. And then I went back to Orlando and celebrated and had two sign nights. So it was really cool. I'll put that link down below as well. It is such a big relief knowing that you're 21 and you just don't have to worry anymore. Like literally such a big weight has been lifted off my shoulders. And it's so weird because it's not like I have more of an urge to drink because I'm 21. It's just nice knowing that you don't have to worry. This past January, me and Ryan celebrated our five year anniversary. And that's crazy to think that I've been dating him for half a decade. And what's even crazier is that technically our relationship has been more long distance than in person. Because even though I do go home for the summer, I do have like so many months here in Orlando without him. I feel like I always get the question like how do you do it? How do you do long distance relationships? But guys, it is so nice because you get to have your own life sort of. Like if he went to this school, I feel like I'd be with him 24 seven just because that's the type of person I am. I love hanging out with him. And if I have the choice, I will literally hang out with him all the time. But it's nice because I don't have to choose between my friends and him when I'm here. I can just do me, do my sorority, be with my friends and not have to like choose. So something really exciting happened this year. And that is that I've been working more closely with UCF marketing team. And I don't know if you guys know this, but if you guys follow me on other social medias, you'll see that I was the first ever host of days and nights UCF's InstaScoop. Welcome to days and nights UCF's InstaScoop. I'm your host, Sonali. Let's talk about some events happening on campus. And we'll see you guys on our next InstaScoop. And that is just basically like an Instagram stories where we update students on what's happening around campus. And then I'm just also working with them on some videos for their YouTube channel. And sometimes they'll cross promote what I do on my YouTube channel if it pertains to UCF, which is really cool. And anytime I do any videos with them or any content with them, it is just so much fun. Like that is something that is my true passion, like being on camera and creating content and just talking to other people, like it literally makes my heart so happy. And what's even more exciting is that I am officially being hired as their fall intern and I'm so, so excited. I actually had my first internship with on the T now, which is a golf production company. So I was filming like golf instructional videos and stuff like that. It was definitely cool to do something different, but I'm very excited to be working with UCF because it's kind of more what I want to do in my future. I mean, I don't really know what I want to do, but you know, kind of like that lifestyle content. I really, really enjoy doing that. So it's official. My childhood home was sold and it honestly hasn't really hit me because I haven't been home really that much. I think I went home like once and I got to see like my mom's new place and I haven't seen my dad's yet. So I'll see it this summer. So going back to like my hometown city this summer is going to be definitely weird, not having like my house super close to Ryan and just being able to drive like five minutes to his house, whatever I wanted to over summer. But my dad didn't move too far from my house. So it shouldn't be too bad. My mom did move like an hour or so away from where we used to live. So that kind of sucks. But obviously I'm still going to stay over there and hang out with her over the summer. This past year living in Katie, it was so nice because obviously me and Charlie, our best friends. So our whole friend group just hung out in our room every day like hours on end and it was just so much fun. I'm definitely going to miss that over the summer just being able to hang out with my friends like so conveniently to not having to like drive to anyone's houses or like meet them here at a coffee shop. You know, it was just so convenient and it definitely made our friendship like so much stronger. And I'm so, so excited to be taking on senior year with them. Overall, I think my junior year went really well. I feel like I was a little bit scared sophomore year because I wasn't getting an internship or like working or doing really anything pertaining to my major. But I'm really excited to take more steps into the professional side of the world because I feel like I'm just so used to working for myself. And I definitely need to get used to working for other people. So I'm really excited to do that. I'm just so excited for senior year. I'm also horrified and scared to like leave all this after senior year and leave all my friends leave my sorority. I feel like that's definitely one thing that I just don't think I can live without which I know I say that now but I can definitely do it and like you do move on. But it's going to be so hard, especially after I'm not on council and just not having stuff to do every single, you know, day for that position. It's going to be so weird. I definitely need to take advantage of what UCF and capital to has to offer for my last year and you know, just take it all in, try to make it go as slow as possible. So I hope you guys enjoyed this video. If you are still watching this video, comment down below where you go to school. If you are in high school, if you're in middle school, like whatever, if you're in college, you want to see how many of my viewers are actually UCF Knights or are going to be. I'm going to try to blog a lot more over the summer and just put out more content. So definitely be looking out for that. But for now, follow me on my Instagram. It is so underscore gnarly without the G and I'll definitely be having some fun content over the summer because you know, going to be reunited with my Instagram husband. Honestly, I'll just have more time to create content for you guys. I will see you all in my next video. Bye guys.
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Welcome to Day 2 - Targa Bambina 2015
|
Jamie McCarthy brings you the latest news as Day 2 of Targa Bambina 2015 gets under way.
http://targa.co.nz
|
[
"“Engine",
"Block",
"TV”",
"engineblocktv",
"“black",
"magic",
"media”",
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"sport",
"motorsport",
"rally",
"rallying",
"targa",
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"nz”",
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"rotorua",
"“glenn",
"Inkster”",
"“tony",
"quinn”",
"Subaru",
"Mitsubishi",
"Mazda",
"GTR"
] | 2015-05-15T20:39:40 | 2024-04-23T16:49:51 | 50 |
Y2Q7XqT2dV4
|
Hi and welcome to the start of day number two, Taka Bambina 2015. Here in Fitianga in Blacksmith Lane, the cars are about to head out onto the first stage this morning back over to Tai Rua. From there we head to Waihi through Matamata and by the end of day we're back in Rotorua tonight to end day number two. So there's 136 kilometres of special stages today, over seven stages. So there's still lots to do. It's still very, very early in the event with day three obviously tomorrow. So we look forward to bringing you more target tales throughout the day. I hope you've enjoyed the coverage so far. We look forward to talking to you at the lunchtime service. See you then.
|
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UCmmJsLwr_ST5rS97yzYZ5Fg
|
Pilar about the master and the one
| null | 2017-12-14T14:34:39 | 2024-04-23T16:36:33 | 22 |
y2FnNxv-_NE
|
Hola, como é habitual, Ronan siga investigando, siga innovando e con os nexos geles Mastery One conseguimos chegar a tener un gel verdaderamente 3x1 porque su resultado brillante é magnífico.
|
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UCHBsqVkFraWvtNd1w0Qx4_g
|
Titans Big Screen Pass Plays | Beneath the Surface
|
Coach Mac takes a look at the Titans screen pass plays during the season before the Titans' Week 7 matchup against the Indianapolis Colts on Sunday at Nissan Stadium.
Subscribe to the Titans YT Channel: https://bit.ly/2M1n3Kd
For More Titans NFL Action: https://bit.ly/2LWlmxy
#TennesseeTitans #Titans #NFL #TitanUp
For more Titans action: https://www.tennesseetitans.com
Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/titans
Follow us on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/titans
Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/titans
|
[
"Tennessee Titans",
"Football",
"NFL",
"Nashville",
"Sports",
"Titans"
] | 2022-10-22T20:30:05 | 2024-02-05T07:22:36 | 166 |
y2mG0W_6_pc
|
Hey guys, Coach Mack here with this week's Beneath the Surface powered by Microsoft Surface beginning now. All right, today Beneath the Surface, we're going to look at an excellent screen game that's been developing throughout the season with the Tennessee Titans. First screen we'll have, this is second 13 in the first quarter against the Raiders. We're an 11 personnel, 2x2, this is against a five man front. Drop down safety comes down, so now you've got a three deep look. Number 22, Derek Henry comes across the formation, Ben Jones, Nate Davis. Let's them take some great, great blocks downfield. Number 22 juggles the catch just a little bit, but he's got an excellent convoy, 23 yard game. This is executed very, very well. The blocks are in perfect position and everybody is involved in this big game. Next play we're going to look at, this is against Indianapolis Colts. Now this is first and 10 in the first quarter. Now the Titans are in a trips bunch right, all right, with the numbers minus three split on the left side. This is an eight man front. The running back is now out of play action strong. Henry looks open after the fake, nice, nice bump by Jones and Brewer. Timing is perfect. The two defensive ends are up the field. Swing is a nice front side protection. Ben Jones, Davis or downfield, Nick Westbrook, Akina again showing up downfield blocking. Great job of everything working together for the run. Another 22 yard game for the Tennessee Titans in this play. Next screen we're going to look at is against the commanders. We are now in 21 personnel, two running backs, one tight end, two wide receivers. I write formation, this is a five man front from the commanders with the two high safety. This screen is going to come off of a split zone throwback look to the open side. Brewer with a beautiful block to get it started. Perfect timing. Ben Jones again, out front, Carter, Radence, also downfield, plus 24. This play right here will set up the next excellent screen we're going to look at. You can see now that the Tennessee Titans offense is building a repertoire of screens that Daisy chain one off of the other. Our last look. Now this is first intent, the plus 13 yard line, this is 21 personnel. It's two running backs in the game, they're in red or split back formation. Henry motions to the tight end side, draws the defense with him because Derrick Henry is a big focal point of this offense. Defense is drawn to him. Tannehill pumps to Henry, timing is excellent. This is a throwback to Hilliard on the open side, Ben Jones and Brewer again. Perfect throws downfield and the thing that they do so well, they combo up first of all, off of the tackle, then they get downfield, left tackle Dennis Daly does a nice job of drawing Montez sweat up the field. This is a very clear lane for Hilliard. This is a touchdown. This play came directly off of the setup of the previous play that we just saw. Tennessee Titans are doing an excellent job in their screen game so far this season. Look for them to build upon these concepts as we continue in the 2022 season.
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UCTqZvcyKmrqgWUUTzNdK1SQ
|
It's A White People Thing..I DON'T GET IT - Family Vlogs
|
Do you dish up???
|
[
"Family vlog",
"family vloggers",
"family vloggers channel",
"family vlog channels",
"family vlogs with kids",
"white people",
"biracial couples",
"brown guys",
"latinos",
"hot latinos",
"youtube latino channel",
"couples youtube channel",
"vloggers channels",
"famnily vlogging",
"family vloggers on youtube"
] | 2019-08-09T17:15:00 | 2024-02-05T20:51:25 | 162 |
Y2csoN3he9k
|
Okay, so here's something I don't understand and maybe it's a white people thing, but I don't know It's no, it's not a bad thing. It's just I'm not a white person. I didn't grow up in a white family It was first come first served you eat and you eat and then you're good But okay my mom, but that's her personality. She just wants to serve people and get people food Anyway, the debate is do people or other families? Or I guess a white is this a white thing? The Midwest thing do people when you're you know when you're about to serve food or about to eat Does your mom or anyone in your family or anybody? Have you heard anyone say hey? It's time to dish up When I first heard that When Sarah first said hey, can I dish you up a plate? I thought What in the world does that mean? Can I dish you up a plate? And I thought I've what did I say I said like what I Said what do you mean dish me up a plate and so I guess Can I dish you up means can I put food on your plate and give it to you so you can eat? That doesn't make any sense to me So Sarah is putting food on her plate to eat right now, or should I say Sarah's dishing up right now? What would you say it is weird? I've never heard I've been around white people a lot In my time and I've never heard anyone say hey, can I dish you up or hey? I'm gonna dish up Or hey, my folks are gonna dish up. I Guess that would make sense in a way But like I understand I now understand what dishing up is We've been married for three years, and yeah, I guess you say it all the time And I'm like no I don't want to be dished up, but yeah, I'll take some food Just to clarify This is dishing up Literally putting food on a plate and then eating it right? Yeah Is that my plate? Is it You dished me up. Can I dish you up? Can I dish you up? Yeah, that's a good point we're gonna eat because these two are calm
|
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UCu3Ri8DI1RQLdVtU12uIp1Q
|
Andrew Hillier, Densify | AWS re:Invent 2020
|
Andrew Hillier, Chief Technology Officer, Densify virtually connects with Keith Townsend for AWS re:Invent 2020.
#theCUBE #reInvent #AWS
https://siliconangle.com/2020/12/08/detailed-analytics-help-reduce-organizations-cloud-cost-surprises-reinvent/
Detailed analytics help reduce an organization’s cloud cost surprises
BY SHANNON FLYNN
Many business leaders appreciate the on-demand resources and scalability potential of the cloud, but they must also address the difficulty of controlling the associated costs. The situation becomes even more complex when those who care most about managing cloud expenses are not always aware of who has cloud purchasing authority in a company, what they buy and why.
Taking an analytical approach to cost control can get an enterprise back on track.
“If you want to purchase more intelligently, that can be very complicated,” said Andrew Hillier (pictured), co-founder and chief technology officer at Densify. “We like to think of ourselves as almost like an analytics engine that’s … an equation with a lot of terms. It’s got a lot of detail of what we’re taking into account when we tell you what you should be doing.”
The analytical insights enable buying and consuming intelligently in the cloud because they’re interrelated, Hillier added.
Hillier spoke with Keith Townsend, guest host of theCUBE, SiliconANGLE Media’s livestreaming studio, during virtual coverage of AWS re:Invent 2020. They discussed the need for resource and cost optimization in the cloud, the link between containerization and cloud costs, why machine learning could optimize resource provisioning for containers, and how complicated or mission-critical cloud environments are exceptionally well-positioned to benefit from analytics. (* Disclosure below.)
Containerization can compound cost concerns
Some business leaders think containerization is a logical solution to cloud cost problems and other pain points.
“It’s a big opportunity for a whole new generation of automation; containers don’t overcommit in the same way [as virtual environments do],” Hillier said.
Containers are much more granular. However, this may only create the belief that they make expenses manageable. Hillier mostly sees low-utilization container environments when assisting Densify customers.
The right technologies can help bring costs under control, such as machine learning, Hillier explained. Business leaders ultimately realize that adding up all the containers leads to more resources being used than they think.
Fortunately, machine learning can help by analyzing and recommending the appropriate resources for each container. In that scenario, technology performs better than humans can, especially when assessing tens of thousands of containers, Hillier concluded.
Watch the complete video interview below, and be sure to check out more of SiliconANGLE’s and theCUBE’s coverage of AWS re:Invent. (* Disclosure: Densify sponsored this segment of theCUBE. Neither Densify nor other sponsors have editorial control over content on theCUBE or SiliconANGLE.)
|
[
"SiliconANGLE Media Inc",
"SiliconANGLE",
"SiliconANGLE Inc",
"theCUBE",
"Wikibon",
"John Furrier",
"Dave Vellante"
] | 2020-12-08T17:35:35 | 2024-02-05T08:42:38 | 1,041 |
y2-qAKRWSBg
|
From around the globe, it's theCUBE with digital coverage of AWS re-invent 2020, sponsored by Intel, AWS, and our community partners. Hey, it's Keith Townsend at CTO Advisor on the Twitter and we have yet another CUBE alum for this AWS re-invent 2020 virtual coverage. AWS re-invent 2020, unlike any other, I think it's safe to say, unlike any other virtual event, AWS, usually 60, 70,000 people in person, every conference, there's hundreds of thousands of people tuning in to watch coverage and we're talking to builders. No exception to that is our friends at Densify, co-founder and CTO of Densify. Andrew Hillier, welcome back to the show. Thanks, Keith. It's great to be with you again. So we're recording this right before it gets cold in Toronto. I hope you're enjoying some of this and breaking the cold weather. Yeah, no, we're getting the same weather you are right now. It's fantastic. We're ready for the worst, I think, in the shorter days, but we'll get through it. So for those of you that haven't watched any of the past episodes of theCUBE in which Andrew has appeared, Andrew, can you recap, Densify? What do you guys do? Well, we're analytics where you can think of us as very advanced cost analytics for cloud and containers. And what I say advanced, what I mean is, there's a number of different aspects of cost. There's understanding, your bill, there's how to purchase. And we do those, but we also focus heavily on the resources that you're buying and try to change that behavior. So it's basically well down to a business value of saving a ton of money, but by actually changing what you're using in the cloud as well as providing visibility. So it's, again, a form of cost optimization but combined with resource optimization. So cost of resource optimization, we understand this stuff on premises. We understand network compute, storage, heating, cooling, et cetera. All of that is abstracted from us in the public cloud. What are the drivers for cost in the public cloud? Well, I think you directly or indirectly pay for all those things. The funny thing about it is that it happens in a very different way. And I think everybody's aware, of course, on demand and be able to get resources when you need them. But the flip side of on demand, the not so good side is it causes what we call micro-purchasing. So when you're buying stuff, if you go and turn on an Amazon cloud instance, you're paying for that instance. You're paying for some storage as well and implicitly for some networking, a few dollars at a time. And that really kind of creates a new situation in scale because all of a sudden now what was a controlled purchase on-prem becomes a bunch of possibly junior people buying things in a very granular way that adds up to a huge amount of money. So the very thing that makes cloud powerful, the on demand aspects, the elasticity also causes a very different form of purchasing behavior which I think is one of the causes of the cost problem. So we're about 10, 12 years into this cloud movement where public cloud has really become mainstream inside of traditional enterprises. What are some of the common themes you've seen when it comes to good cloud management and cost management, hygiene across organizations? Yeah, and hygiene is a great word for that. You know, I think it's evolved. You're right, it's been around. This is nothing new. I mean, we've probably been going to cloud expose for over a decade now, but it's kind of coming waves as far as the business problem. I think the initial problem was more around I don't understand this bill because to your point, all those things that you purchase on-prem, you're still purchasing in some way and a bunch of other services and it all shows up on this really complicated bill. And so you're trying to figure out, well, who in my organization owns what? And so that was a very early driver years ago. We saw a lot of focus on slicing and dicing the bills, what they could call it. And then that led to, well, now I know where my costs are going, can I purchase a little more intelligently? And so that was the next step. And that was an interesting step because what the problem is, the people that care about cost can't always change what's being used, but they can buy discounts and coupons and our eyes and savings plans. So we saw that there was a, then start to be a focus on, I'm going to come up with ways of buying it where I can get a bit of a discount. It's kind of like having a phone bill where I can't stop people from making long distance calls, but I can get on a better phone plan. And that kind of the second wave. And what we're seeing is the next big wave now is that, okay, I've done that. Now I actually should just change what I'm actually using because there's a lot of inefficiency in there. I've got to handle on those other problems I need to actually hopefully make people not buy giant instances all the time, for example. So let's talk about that feedback loop, understand what's driving the cost, the people that's consuming that, those services and need to understand those costs. How does disify bridge that gap? Well, again, we have aspects of our product that line up with basically all three of those business problems I mentioned. So there's a cloud cost intelligence module that basically lets you look at the bill any different ways by different tags, look for anomalies. We find that very important to say, well, did something unusual happen in my bill? So there's that aspect that just focuses on kind of accountability of what's happening in the cost world. And then now the, one of the strengths of our product is that when we do our analytics, we look at a whole lot of things at once. So we look at the instances and their utilization and what the catalog is and the RIs and savings plans and everything all together. So if you want to purchase more intelligently, that can be very complicated. So we see a lot of customers that say, well, you want to buy savings plans, but man, it's difficult to figure out exactly what to do. So we like to think of ourselves as kind of, it's almost like an analytics engine that's got an equation with a lot of terms in it. It's got a lot of detail of what we're taking into account when we tell you what you should be doing. And that helps you buy more intelligently and it also helps you consume more intelligently because they're all interrelated. I don't want to change an instance I'm using if there's an RI on it. That would take you backwards. I don't want to buy RIs for instances that I shouldn't be using. That takes you backwards. So it's all interconnected. And we feel that looking at everything at once is the path to getting the right answer. And having the right answer is the path to having people actually make a change. So when I interviewed you a few years ago, we talked about very high level containers and how containers is changing the way that we can consume cloud services. Containers introduced this concept of oversubscription in the public cloud. We couldn't really oversubscribe an M4 large instance back then. But we can now with containers. How are containers in general complicating cloud costing? So it's interesting because they do allow over commit but not in the same way that a virtual environment does. So in a virtual environment, if I say I need two CPUs for job X and I need two CPUs for job Y, I can put them both on a machine that has two CPUs and they'll be over committed. So over commit in a virtual environment is a very well established operation. It lets you get past people asking for too much effectively. Containers don't quite do that in the same way. When they refer to over commit, they refer to the fact that you can ask for one CPU but you can use up the four and that difference is the over commit. But the fact that I'm asking for one CPU is actually a pretty big problem. So let me give an example. If I look at my laptop here and I've got Outlook and Word and all these things on it and I had to tell you how many millicores I had to give each one over Zoom. Let's say I'm running Zoom. Well, I want Zoom to work well. I want to give it 4,000 millicores. I want to give it four CPUs because it uses that when it needs it. But my PowerPoint, I also want to give 4,000 or 2,000 millicores. So I add all these things up of what I need based on the actual more granular requirements and it might add up to four laptops but containers don't over commit the same way. If I asked for those as request values in containers, I actually would use four laptops. It's those request values that are the trick. If I say I need a CPU, I get a CPU. It's not the same as a virtual CPU would be in a virtual environment. So we see that as the cause of a lot of the problem and that people quite rationally say I need these resources for these containers but because containers are much more granular, I'm asking for a lot of individual resources and when you add them up, it's a ton of resources. So almost every container environment we see, they're very low utilization because everybody rightfully so asks for individual resources for each container but they are the wrong resources or in aggregate it's not creating the behavior you wanted. So we find containers are, people think they're going to magically cause problems to go away but in fact what happens is when you start running a lot of them you end up just with a ton of cost and the people are just starting to get to that point now. Yeah, I can see how that to easily be the case inside of a virtual environment. I can easily say my VM needs four CPUs, four VCPUs and I can do that across a hundred applications and that really doesn't cost me a lot in the private data center. Tools like VMware, DRS and all of that kind of fixed that for me on the back end. It's magical. And the public cloud, if I ask for four CPUs, I get four CPUs and I'm going to pay for four CPUs even if I don't utilize it. There's no auto balancing. So how does DeciPy help actually solve that problem? Well, so there's multiple aspects of that problem. One of the big ones is that people don't necessarily ask for the right thing in the first place. That's one of the biggest ones. So, you know, I give the example of I need to give Zoom 4,000 millicores. That's probably not true at all. If I analyze what it's doing, maybe for a second it uses that, but for the most of the time, it's not using nearly those resources. So the first step is to analyze the container behavior patterns and say, well, those numbers should be different. And so for example, the one thing we do with that is we say, well, you know, if a developer is using Terraform template to stand up containers, we can say instead of putting the number 1,000 in that 1,000 millicores or 400 millicores in your template, just put a variable in that references our analytics. Just let the analytics figure out that number should be. And so it's a very elegant solution to say, you know, the machine learning will actually figure out what resources that container needs because humans are not very good at it, especially when there's tens of thousands of containers. So that's kind of one of the big things is to optimize the container requests. And then once you've done that, the nodes that you're running on can be optimized because now they start to look different. Maybe you don't need as much memory or as much CPU. So it's all, again, it's all interrelated, but it's a methodical step that's based on analytics. And, you know, people, they're too busy to figure this out. They can't figure it out for thousands of things. You know, again, if I asked you, on your laptop, how many millicores do you need to get PowerPoint? You don't know. But in containers, you have to know. So we're saying let the machine figure it out. When you ask, how many millicores do you need to give Zoom answers? Yes. Yeah, exactly. At the end of the day, you need some way to quantify that. So you guys are doing the two things. One, you're quantifying. You're measuring how much does this application typically take. And then when I go to provision it, we're using a tip tool like Terraform. The, the, instead of me answering the question, the answer is go, identify and identify will tell you, and then I'll optimize my environment. So I get both ends of that equation if I'm kind of summarizing correctly. Absolutely. And that last part is extremely important because, you know, in a legacy environment, like in a virtual environment, I can call an API and change the size of VM. And it will stay that way. And so that's a viable automation strategy for those types of environments. In the cloud, when you're using Terraform or in containers, they will go right back to what's in the Terraform template. That's one of the powerful things about Terraform is that it always matches what's in the code. So I can't go and change the cloud. It'll just go back to whatever's in the Terraform template. Next time it's provisioned. So we have to go upstream. You have to actually do it at the source. When you're, when you're provisioning applications, the actual resource specifications should be coming through at that point. You can't, you don't want to change them after the fact. You can update the Terraform and redeploy with a new value. That's the way to do the automation in a container environment. You can't do it like you did in a VMware environment because it won't stick. It just gets undone. The next time the DevOps pipeline triggers. So it's both a, it's a big opportunity for a kind of a whole new generation of automation doing it. We call it CI CDCO. It's, you know, continuous integration, continuous delivery, continuous optimization. It's just part of the, of the fabric of the way you deploy apps. And it's a much more elegant way to do it. So you hit two trigger words or a few trigger terms. One dev Opsi to, I'm saying dev Opsi, CI CD and continuous operations. What is the typical profile of a disified customer? Well, usually they're, they're mixed of a bunch of different technologies. So I don't want to make it sound like you have to be a dev Opsi shop to benefit from this. Most of our customers have some DevOps teams. They also have a lot of legacy workloads. They have virtual environments. They have cloud environments. So when I started to have a hundred percent, all of these things, but usually it's a mix of things where, you know, there might be some newer born in the cloud as being deployed and this whole CI CDCO concept really makes sense for them. They might just have another few thousand cloud instances that they stood up, not as a part of a DevOps pipeline, but just to run apps or maybe even migrated from on-prem. So it's a pretty big mix. We see almost every company has a mix. Unless you just started a company yesterday, you're going to have a mix of some, you know, EC2 services that are kind of standalone and static, maybe some skill groups running or containers running in skill groups. And, you know, there's a, there's a generally a mix of these things. So the very, the things I'm describing do not require DevOps. The notion of optimizing the cloud instances by changing the marching orders when they're provisioned, not after the fact that that applies to any, anybody using the cloud. And our customers tend to be a mix. Some, again, very new, new school processes and born in the cloud and some more legacy applications that are running that look a little more like an on-prem environment would, where they're not turning on and off dynamically. They're just running transactional workloads. So let's talk about the kind of industries because you hit on the key point. You know, we kind of associate a certain type of company with born in the cloud, et cetera. What type of organizations or industries are we seeing densified, deployed in? So we don't really have a specific market vertical that we focus on. We have a wide variety. So we find, we have a lot of customers in, you know, financial services, banks, insurance companies. And I think that's because those are very large, complicated environments where analytics really pay dividends. If you have a lot of business services that are doing different things and different criticality levels, the things I'm describing are very important. But we also have logistics companies, software companies. So again, complexity plays a part. I think elasticity plays a part in the organization that wants to be able to make use of the cloud in a smart way where they're more elastic and obviously drive cost down. So again, we have customers across all different types of industries, manufacturing, it's pharmaceutical. So it's broad range. We have partners as well that use our, you know, like IBM that use our product and their customers. So there's no one type of company that, you know, that we focus on, certainly. But we do see, again, environments that are complicated or mission critical or that they really want to run in more of an elastic way. Those tend to be very good customers for us. Well, CUBE alum Andrew Hillier, thank you for joining us on the CUBE coverage of AWS re-event 2020 virtual. Say bye to, you know, a couple of hundred thousand of your closest friends. That's for having me. That concludes our interview with DeciFi. We really appreciate the folks at DeciFi having us again to have this conversation around workload, analytics and management to find out more of more, find out just more great CUBE coverage. Visit us on the web, SiliconANGLE TV. Talk to you next episode of the CUBE.
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Winooski City Council - 11/15/2021
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https://www.winooskivt.gov/AgendaCenter/ViewFile/Agenda/_11152021-883?html=true
00:00:00 Call to Order/Pledge of Allegiance/Agenda Review
00:00:43 Public Comment
00:01:13 Consent Agenda
00:02:55 Council Reports
00:10:56 City Update
00:18:33 Downtown Winooski Local Option Tax Request
00:49:47 Goal Update: Housing
01:29:29 All Resident Voting Implementation Update
01:51:16 Fundraising Policy
01:53:20 City Manager Search Firm Recommendation
This video belongs to http://www.cctv.org and published with permission under Creative Commons License CCTV Center for Media & Democracy Programming is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
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"community media",
"municipal meetings",
"local media",
"local government",
"elections",
"democracy",
"free speech"
] | 2021-11-16T02:05:16 | 2024-02-05T08:22:10 | 10,415 |
Y2rceRrBoeU
|
All right, we're all here, and I'm SPM, I'm the Director of the team, so we will have a call to order this morning at the Lewis and City Council. Please join us in the Pledge of Allegiance led by Deputy Mayor Donald Trump. I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. Thank you. You're welcome. We are at the General Review. Are there any questions and concerns about the Order of Tonight's Agenda? There are no concerns, and I'll go on to public comment. I know we have one virtual attendee. If you are here for an item on the agenda, please forward it so we can reach that point in the agenda. If you are here to speak to anything else done about the General, please use the race and future. Any members of the public present in chambers room? Not yet? Not yet. It could come. So, on a separate note, since Councilor Koster was not here for this meeting, we now are looking at how the City Council moves from the new record first. Are there any concerns around those minutes? Would someone like to take a motion to move through the minutes? So moved. Second. Motion by Bryden, second by Mike, all those in favor, can you say aye? Aye. And those abstaining? Abstaining. Motion carries. Next up are the Account Scale Awards of November 12th, and your award for October 17th to October 30th. Any questions or concerns about the awards? Anyone who would like to make a motion to move through? Second. Motion by Jim, second by Bryden, all those in favor, can you say aye? Aye. How are you voting on that? No. That's okay. Abstaining. Alright, motion carries. And then finally, we have the Friends and Scholarship Policies, which we saw at our last meeting in the General Committee of the Google Office, and we've never been in touch with anyone. Are there any questions about those policies? Right? Would someone like to take a motion to move through the minutes? So moved. Second. Motion by Bryden, second by Jim, all those in favor, can you say aye? Aye. And abstaining? Abstaining. Alright, motion carries. That's the end of our consent agenda. So we are at council reports. Um, Mike, my second is... Darn. I have another report. Thank you. Thank you. Al? Sure. Um, I attended along with a couple other, um, um, counselors, so the mayor, the joint commission meeting, um, between the state, helping connect the people commission, the municipal and infrastructure commission, and the finance commission. So this was the first time meeting to have, uh, an opportunity to review the capital project plan that was presented, um, for all the commissions to delay, you know. Um, John Roster was there to present along with Angela. Um, the budget for the capital project was, uh, has grown over the years, um, to its current level, a little more than a million dollars per year. Um, also the funds are being put aside for future projects such as the we or she, where we're going to pass British. Uh, these funds will help the 20% match that's usually required by the state and federal funding. Uh, while there was strong support for the plan, there was consistent feedback that the multi-mobile class project could be highlighted. So it was agreed that, um, the quality of lighting in the industry has been improving and having more bike lanes, same sidewalks, contributed to this important value. Um, John also shared how expensive capital projects can be and his strategy to help reduce costs is see how we might collaborate with other local municipalities to partner, um, by coordinating work through using similar or the same contractors. Um, and Angela mentioned that there will be access to the parking lots that can impact these capital projects, but first the community will be solicited for input about how to best spend these funds. So all of all, in this first joint commission meeting, it was felt it was valuable and meaningful and that this approach should be used annually going forward to review the city's capital projects. Um, and the three commissions voted unanimously to support the capital project plan and recommend this passage of the city council. Thank you. Michelle. Jim. Thank you. Um, I continued or finished up my participation of the multi-stakeholder group with the school, um, in the city security recommendations that was, that was finished. Um, and I was, uh, in attendance for that report at school for me, um, by the consultant for the process that tracked us and now I'm a superintendent and move forward. Uh, Hal did such a great job with the summary of the joint commit commission meeting. So I don't really have too much to add the next infrastructure committee meeting will be in December. We're working on setting a date and time for that. Um, and we continue to hear from the community the need for striping and we are certainly looking to leverage those partnerships that Hal mentioned on, um, contracts with our sister municipalities to, to leverage the opportunity to ensure we're, we're maintaining our striping, um, for the multimodal, uh, pedestrian and bikes, uh, bike lanes annually. Uh, the same, the same way that we do with other annual projects. Um, so outside of that, uh, I don't have anything else to add. Um, so I had an introduction to Parkwell, our university planning funding, um, after conversations with staff, so we could look to the preliminary outline for public outreach at that meeting. We are going to pause on doing that outreach until the time of meeting day. And from now until then, our staff will focus on policy vote coverage. Um, we'll play a tag on those funds and I'm going to start it through. You know, we're starting to listen more to our general indications, but these, they were saying, you know, our listeners in the community should they're being, you know, we're going to talk about events, actually what was, now I wanted to say on this morning, for a long time, in the sense of procedure, we don't want to take these, and so we are still also looking at those, you know, if there is something more that we might want to also move forward with that, I also wanted to share, I think it was two years ago, our shifting county regional planning commission posted an equity summit with a lot of folks who were around the county. This was, they worked in consultation with pretty good discourse who also supported us when we did our summit a few years ago, and some of our staff were there as well. And just one thing, one key thing that I thought would be easy to share, so the purpose of that, that meeting was to generate some of the best for our backwards county life and learn from each other what they think is how we are doing. There was a focus in the information share on disparities in housing outcomes, and, you know, we're going to look at housing up to here in this agenda, but there was a data point shared, there's significant racial disparity in homeownership in our 14, about 84% of folks who identified with the shifting county are homeowners versus 36% entered, and for those who identify as lack of equity, I think that's about 17% or maybe 3%. So I wanted to share that with the people we get into as someone who's a part of this. Last thing to share, last night I was able to join our equity director and our institute manager in a meeting with a grassroots community. We did, I don't know, two dozen community members talk about it. They have been meeting on their own. For some time, it invited us to go to the school and just sort of workshop some of the challenges that they are seeing. So there was an issue of very aggressive school, and then we talked to them about community-based accountability with the O'Brien Center being, you know, the people we were going to be testing and the transition from open studios, we heard again about staffing and the issue of outside and public transportation, and a couple of, sort of a couple of words and things that would be available over to staff. Really brings you to get connected to the school. Wendy shared with them some information on all this at O'Brien. We talked to them about that meeting with you. An issue of going out or information coming. I took a post-section one of the positions. Some of the words you mentioned there. That is it for my update, and I'm going to pass it to Wendy for us to update. Great. Thank you, Mayor and Council. First, a COVID update that is hot off the press. This is just from the health department late afternoon. Cases in Chittenden County are up over the most recent two-week period as compared to the previous two-week period by 37%, which is a significant increase. There were 97 cases reported in Chittenden County yesterday. It's the highest number of daily cases reported in Chittenden County since the emergence of the Delta variant this past summer. Now statewide, there were 591 positive COVID-19 lab results reported to the health department on Wednesday the 10th out of a total of 13,822 tests, which is a percent positivity of 4.3%. 591 is the largest number of new cases reported in a one-day period recorded to date. Case rates in Winooski rose sharply over the last two-week period with 15 more cases reported as compared to the previous. Well, it's not good. Rate notes that 15 additional cases in Winooski has a pretty big impact on the rate given the small population. And then on a positive note, there will be a vaccination clinic for young children ages 5 to 11 at the school district tomorrow. The school made sure that those slots were made available to Winooski students. The registration for that has closed. And after I finish the rest of the update, if you have any questions, we can ask Ray, who I think is on the call. So the short message regarding COVID is that it remains a significant issue. We're going to continue to work remotely whenever we can and to require masks at City Hall and other city facilities. More good news. Taxes are due today. So thank you all for coming by those of you who have already. Payments left in the drop box tonight are considered on time. And if it's here before 7.30 or if you make an online payment before 7.30 tomorrow, that payment will also be considered on time. The road resurfacing work at Hood, Russell and Hawthorne is complete, as is the project on Weaver at the City Hall entrance. So that's very helpful for staff. I want to update you on the centennial because things are starting to happen in terms of the centennial planning and action. The legacy campaign is focusing on Winooski's people, places and traditions. They're planning a week-long series of events that begin March 7th, 2022. And that will include photo exhibits. And they've started taking those photos. So if you haven't been part of that, there will be a session this Thursday, the 18th from noon to 3 p.m. in Rotary Park. So please participate and also let people know. The information is on the website, but it would be helpful if you let your neighbors and family know. There's a parking meeting coming up. The Regional Planning Commission will host the 4th Advisory Committee meeting for the Parking Inventory Analysis and Management Plan, Wednesday the 17th, beginning at 6 p.m. That meeting will include a discussion of the draft recommendations for inclusion in the plan before the final draft is prepared and forwarded to City Council. And information about that meeting, including the draft plan, is on the project page on this Regional Planning Council's website. So, and good news, I saved this for last. I'm very happy to announce that Jenny Willingham has accepted the City Clerk position for the City of Winooski. Jenny brings 20 years of experience in Vermont towns, most recently as the Assistant Town Clerk 2 for the town of Essex. She also held Assistant Town Clerk positions in the towns of Milton and Stowe. And in addition to her extensive municipal experience, Jenny brings a passion for inclusive customer service and she's very excited to support Winooski's all-resident voting charter change. She's going to start on December 6, so she and Carol will have lots of time to work together and Carol can share as much of her 40 years of experience as is humanly possible. So, I'm really pleased and will introduce her to you in person sometime soon. So, that is what I have. Oh, and if you have any questions about COVID, I believe Ray is on the call. We can hear you. You won't be seeing me or just hearing me. Investigation by Seven Days in VPR of a substandard housing Winooski was not surprising to me. I happen to know the Winooski family featured in the article well, both as a teacher of their children and as a student learning Swahili from them. I have myself been in that apartment both when they were living there and more recently with a newly arrived family whose children I have taught they arrived last year. This family and this apartment is not the only apartment I've been invited to see from families who don't understand why they're forced to live in such conditions and why no one is responding when they ask for help, why they're being blamed for the infestations that were there when they first moved in. I have also been asked by families who are desperate to find apartments large enough for their families. Families of eight who are housed in a two bedroom apartment directly coming from Africa for the last three years and still searching for housing that they can't afford and doesn't exist anyway. I'm here to ask you to please treat housing as a human right and a priority as these families and their children continue to suffer. I see it both outside and inside my classroom. Thank you. Elizabeth, thank you for your comment and for bringing more like color and detail to the discussion. We are going to be talking about housing issues shortly. Feel free to stay for that portion or if you need to go, that's fine too. But this is, you know, we can address touch on housing quality and size availability during that discussion. Thanks very much. So we are moving to our regular items. And the first one we have is for discussion approval. This is the downtown new ski local option tax request following up on our last meeting. Heather, do you want to introduce what we have added tonight? Yeah, sure. Meredith is coming in to do the presentation on behalf of downtown when you ski at your previous meeting on November 1st city council received a request from new ski for an allocation of 5% of the local option tax revenue. Just as a reminder to the community local options are based on sales and use meals rooms and alcohol receipts which are directly related to our businesses overall success. So they're directly correlated to the services provided by downtown when you ski in supporting our local businesses. At that meeting city council requested further information from the organization including their business plan their plan for business membership, a full budget and list of funding sources beside city based revenue streams, historical budgets and funding the city has provided historically, and we've attached the MOU so you see when it expires and when we'll renew that that was part of the discussion as well. And last of all was a summary or list of infrastructure funding that downtown when you see has helped the city to secure. So to that and I have supplied for you in your packet, the list of state designation program benefits. And we really do go after a lot of these different funding sources. So we've included for you in your packet a list of the words that we've received from 2016 until present. This list of grants. It comes out to $1.9 million that the city has directly received as a result of having this downtown designation. In some cases we're eligible for this because we have a downtown designation. In some cases we have priority consideration because of the downtown designation, but they all relate back to that. So in addition to the grants that I have shown here which are just grants that are from specifically to the city. There's another $1 million that has been allocated for projects that unfortunately were constructed. So there was more funding. And there are also funds that are directly awarded businesses so some of the tax credits for historic rehabilitation facade improvement, improvement technology tax, those would go directly to a business so I didn't include them here just because they wouldn't keep our taxpayers tax bills down. They would go directly to improving those properties which is also a benefit to the city as a whole. With that, I also have included for you historically, what we have given to Windows key on an annual basis, and overall over the last six years. We have provided the city has provided $193,493 and 12 cents, as opposed to the $1.9 million in grants that we have brought in so the cost benefit ratio is one to 10. With that, I'm going to turn it over to Meredith to talk through some of the further information provided as well. Thanks Heather and thank you for seeing hearing us again. Mayor lot and council members. We provided information that you have requested and, you know, honestly very, you know, grateful to have this opportunity to talk to you again. I do think that there, you know, is more was more information that was needed to present and again just happy to be able to provide that just to give a little tiny bit more context to the city funding that has come to the organization. I just wanted to bring attention to the very recent history I think there's been a lot of discussion about sort of the longer history of the organization, the reason that the organization started. We talked about quite recent history 2019. And to now, we, you know, with city staff, basically entirely city staff designed the new MOU that is a new piece of the puzzle that wasn't in place before. The MOU not only showcases what we directly work with on the city, but it also shows just how closely tied downtown when you see is to the goals and the mission and the vision that the city has put forward in the master plan. So I think that's really striking in speaking with other downtown organizations, the alignment is certainly not that strong with other cities for various reasons, but I'm really, really proud of the fact that there's so much direct alignment. And so it really just shows that we, you know, are an independent organization, but that we take what the city's entire goals are very much into into our goals as well. And just in terms of looking at that funding. Before I think it was 2017 was the last time there was a paid staff. And that paid staff was part time. And then when the, the organization decided to take another look at their funding and how the organization would run. They decided to eliminate that position decided to work with city staff, and, and decide to draft that MOU. And in late 2019 or 2018, excuse me, came with the idea of hiring someone full time. So full time staff came on mid 2019. That was me when I was on alert. And I've only been with the organization since summer of 2019. At that time, you know, really was trying to take on the entire MOU and figure out how best to operationalize this wonderful strategic vision that has been full put forward by the previous board and the city staff. And obviously, you know, really took it and jumped in the deep end. And then the pandemic hit and we had to shift entirely. And I do think that we continue to fulfill the mission as best as we could. And I do really grateful to again, city staff and being able to work closely with them, but also being able to prove and provide, you know, our value again to the pandemic, even though a lot of the points that are outlined in the MOU weren't to fulfill the pandemic. And now of course, coming into additional phases of the pandemic, we're shifting again, but really trying to always point back to that MOU, which again is relatively new to this organization relatively new to this relationship with the city. And I think is incredibly strong foundation. So I just wanted to acknowledge that really recent evolution that recent history, and that influx of capital from the city was really crucial, because there hadn't been a strong foundation and sustainability and that's really the entire reason that we're coming to you again, is because sustainability of funding will be essential for us to move forward. And also to grab other funding sources and other grants, a lot of these other grants require additional, you know, matching funds and things like that. And so, again, just kind of coming to you with this really grateful for your time and for your attention to this. And we just hope that, you know, by showing our value and by showing that this recent recent evolution, even just the fact that we now have buy in and backing from so many businesses and partners in the community, both, you know, we've discussed this that we have eight out of our nine board members are voting our business owners or business leaders. And then we have a lot of other partnerships and relationships with people that are not on our board, but that are fully invested in our organization success and really believe in what we're doing. So I think in a very short amount of time, our evolution has has been really exciting. And certainly I can only speak to the last years, but I'm really excited to where we can go and where we can continue to be very closely aligned with the city in terms of what we put forward to the business community into the community at that large. Any questions or a test or Laura, did you want to pop in with anything before we go for question. I'm happy to share just a quick reflection if there's time. I, I thought it was great that a member of the public in the last meeting brought up the history of the downtown organization and reference. Inception coming as part of the establishment of the TIFT district. And it highlights the fact because I know you all have a really difficult job in deciding how to support cities infrastructure investments going forward and that that was a big topic and how you created this stream of revenue. But if you think about that for a second isn't that interesting that the downtown entity was established to help create a tax increment finance district specifically so that the city could take out debt to build municipal infrastructure that would spur on community development. So our history has always been tied to infrastructure since its inception. And the reason why I think that's been explained in materials that Heather provided is because the state doesn't want to drop large scale infrastructure dollars into communities that aren't going to follow that with support to ensure that it's successful beyond just the establishment of large concrete and steel projects. And what's exciting about what Meredith just said is this organization's evolved to be on just being a placeholder to allow us to apply for funds. And that's the success story of downtown Winooski was not always a foregone conclusion. It's very quickly forgotten how tenuous things were. When we first established the TIF and we built it and at first things did not come. And it was a very uncomfortable period of time. And we had a lot of commercial vacancy and at that time the city wasn't particularly welcoming the businesses. We didn't spend money on others position. Our zoning requirements were very opaque to say it nicely as well as our permitting processes in downtown Winooski. A lot of cases stepped in to fill that void. That's the reason why one of the founders of Waking Windows is investing their time on the board because when that was a ramshackle start up the organization stepped in and ensured that the city and that event worked together really well. And it's the reason why we have business owners as far as long as a representative from the Taigen Street District also participating because now it's citywide support too. So just want to encourage that perspective. I think Meredith brought a lot of great history up and I think that the public comments were really supportive actually the idea that the infrastructure expenditure of the city in this organization actually have a long marriage to each other. So I hope we don't take for granted the fact that the business community is giving back to that in the in the provision of this tax. Thanks for your time and consideration. Thank you all. And thanks for coming back with a bunch of new information from our previous request. I also want to note that the request has been revised from our last conversation right so previously there was a request for 5% initially with an escalator, which we've removed and now we're in conversation about just a commitment to the 5% annually. So that's a great question. I think that the information from the formal increases after that would require an additional discussion and approval by the council. I know we all have some questions last time so why not open it up to any of the counselors. You have any questions about details here or if anything that you had raised last time has not been addressed. For how if there's any more background that you need. I'm not sure whether or not to use the zoom screen or not for that. Thank you first and foremost for putting the additional materials together. I think it helps frame up the ask quite well. It I didn't see a list of board members names on in the packet was that included. No, that wasn't included, but I can give you their names just right now you want. Yeah, it's also available publicly on our website. Would you want me to just name them right now or put a list in the chat and listen to chat would be great. Thank you. I noted that the membership fee is is only $25 which. You know, getting a foot in the door feels reasonable, but I guess I also think like as the success of the businesses goes up, presumably, you know, as we emerge from the pandemic, etc. That there should be a measurable ask from business owners to contribute as well. So I would like to see that as a consideration that that is brought forward so that it feels more like equal stake, I guess, or that they're showing that they value the the organization as much as we are looking to invest in it as well. I'm trying to look at my notes here. I also am curious about the reason for a percentage again, and not just an annual contribution amount. We talked about this a little bit last time, but I don't feel like that was necessarily captured in the additional materials. And I can speak to that it's been discussed in the past so when this was initiated Jesse initiated the conversations a couple of years ago. So it's just always been discussed that way I think there is certainly a possibility a part of that is about incentivizing the organization to have businesses to grow. And so that percentage would grow for them, if in fact they are successful in what they're trying to do. So it's really an incentive but I think there's also a possibility that we could do not to exceed number if you were uncomfortable with that. I guess part of me is thinking about what additional deliverables would we expect from an increased dollar amount with it with the success of the businesses. So say we see another looking at the estimates of saying well it could be just under $20,000 or it could be closer to $25,000. So what would that additional $5,000 get us from what was projected I guess. So I'm just curious about how the impact of that additional incentive for sales and marketing and how that would be captured. How would we see that in performance deliverables from the organization? As businesses grow and more businesses come in you are expanding by its very nature the support that is being required of downtown Monusty. So as we have more businesses come in up Main Street they will be expanding services in the number of businesses that are being served or the size of the businesses being served. So if you wanted to have specific new deliverables tied to that we could do that as part of the MOU process so that's something that could be re-evaluated every year as we are going through the MOU again. I want to say to Meredith just your social media post today capturing what the accomplishments were in 2019 like that would have been awesome to have been in the packet. Because I think that a little bit of showing what the metrics are what are the performance metrics. To me when we say like expanding services that's like a catch all that doesn't really mean much to me. But when I see like the number of businesses served the number of visits the number like those data points that to me then equates to like OK this is what that additional $5,000 is going towards. This is why it's useful to have a percentage and not a flat dollar amount. So that's what I'm trying to get at. So in our original documentation that we sent over for November 1st we did include a list of the sort of additional ideas that we had for this funding additional technical assistance that we could provide extension of events different things like that. But I totally appreciate that you know people receive information in different ways and I will definitely take into consideration that a kind of infographic presentation would be helpful in the future so I appreciate that feedback. Yeah I know and it's just an infographic but just really summary to me it was more like just having the performance metrics. What are your goals and what how does that equate to what were what we have what what the organization has achieved so. I was speaking to the social media post today is like that was a wonderful way of capturing that. Thank you for the additional explanations. Thank you. Well I wonder if that is something that we could address when we renew the MOU each year is instead of the MOU runs through like what is being committed to for the next year we could also request the organization presents. Here's what we achieved over the last year as part of that process. It's very reasonable considering that we would like to you know include that information for other funders and also the community at large. So I do think that that is a reasonable request that we include something like that with the MOU. I think that's wonderful and I would be happy to do that. I too like Bryn had a business membership dollar amount seems really small so wanted to hear some background on how that was come to. And then I also wanted to know what the sponsorships line item is in your revenue budget. Yeah so we really kept it small because we wanted the buy-in to be equitable. And we are also going to waive that $25 freely. So it might be zero percent people. That being said the reason why we wanted it to be so small was because we wanted buy-in from the entire community. If we're going to say that we have a business membership we want it to be a business membership of the community we want the representation to be across the board. And so that buy-in we needed it to be pretty pretty small. And then we would certainly in our presentation of that make it very clear that larger dollar amounts are expected from larger companies. You know in our marketing and in our outreach and quite frankly on the actual membership page. The communication will be quite clear that this is an open you know call for people that want to have a voice in the organization want to have a vote. And have an invitation to annual meetings and things like that which hasn't been in the past. We are quite open with our meetings but the attendance is nothing beyond our board. So we want to make sure that those are really open and people that are even paying in zero or twenty five dollars feel super welcome. And also you know that larger companies will get you know the message that this is the baseline and the reason why we're keeping it so low is because we want to make sure that we're being. We also want the opportunity to show value. So if there's a new business or a business that hasn't really you know gotten into the fold but they're interested and they join at twenty five dollars. You know we want them to feel comfortable to join and then see the value and then raise their money that they're donating in future years. So the the doorway we wanted very few barriers but then you know we'll make sure to pull those people in that we think have more capital for us. And we've already received been having conversations with certain stakeholders in the community letting them know that this is coming down the pipeline. And this is why the numbers are the way they are. But that we expect and hope for a larger commitment from them. So is that what the sponsorships are. No sponsorships are for things like when you see Wednesdays. Okay. Things like that. Halloween. Okay. Thank you. Yeah. Yeah. I saw Seth went off me. But just to speak to methodology to in making that decision the board built a grid of all the other downtown organizations in the state and weighed how they approached that fundraising effort and what their thresholds were to get an idea of it. So there and there is a very model but just so just to inform the council that it was a thoughtful conversation that was had that included an analysis of what was going on in other organizations and learning the state. Thanks for all the background. Jim. It's a sector of the thanks for the additional detail and all these materials is really helpful to kind of get a better sense of this proposal in general. I, I think your explanation makes sense and I think it's a smart move to have a low barrier to entry for businesses. So I think just as holographic when we look at this in a year or more to renew, you know, I think we could be making a decision here tonight that obligates taxpayers now, regardless of the values that they might recognize from that so I would be wanting to see that met with business community to that as well so I think I just hope that that's a priority for the membership business member businesses to to support to meet taxpayers to in their contributions to three homeowners together are going to be contributing in more than the base amount for membership and I think that's, then we got to consider in this as well, because this is such a significant portion of the funding. And that, I think is also alleviated by having an incentive based approach where you're getting percentage of revenues, I think the businesses can and will rise to meet that call to grow tax base and thus offset this attack here that I think that you've got a good model and a good case to be made there. We'll just want to be able to see that in a year and a half that that's coming to fruition so that's not really a question just something I want to share along the lines of we're all talking about the membership fees that they've jumped out at me as well. The only other question I had was around the membership model and thinking about who can be a member. I just wanted to clarify it seems to me to imply that individuals can be members and individuals to be anyone who's ever needs to be resident. At this point is that intended the way it's read. Yep. Okay. And can businesses can owners who are residents also be members the other business and as residents. Like to have to both. Yeah. Yeah. I think so I mean I think that we if we come to that that would be a board discussion. I don't see it as like a menacing issue at this moment. But if it comes to that I mean we have I don't think our board would have any issue of kind of addressing that if it becomes a problem. It's hard to envision but I could just curious as I was reading some of the details on the government. And then finally your fiscal year is the same as the cities. Is that correct. It's not we are working right now to make it into a calendar year primarily because of the farmers market. It is a little bit of a too heavy of a lift to flip the farmers market into two. So at this point we are working to have a calendar year budget. Thanks. Like I see your hand. Yes. Hey Marit. You know Marit I appreciate the comment you made about going after additional grants. If this 5% gets passed through the council. I think that speaks volumes on where you're kind of going for and I. I really like the idea of trying to save you know people money especially the taxpayers of Winooski by trying to go for. And the line item that you had about the money that was saved on taxpayers of Winooski through the years 2016 to 21. I think that speaks volumes as well. The other comment I have is the membership fee. I like the fact that you started this solo to get some momentum going and get some excitement going in for businesses and seeing how this is going to progress. I think like a tier program for the bigger businesses compared to a smaller business such as a food cart approach could could work as well as this gets going and you start tweaking it in the future. The other thing I had for this business memberships does this call for any business that has Winooski address that does business in Winooski but outside of Winooski as well. Yep. It does. Good to know. Thank you. Councilor Myers I just wanted to also touch on a little bit back to what Jim was saying about revisiting this in a year. I think this is the kind of thing that we could add to that infographic mayor lot where we say this is how many members we have and this is how many members went above the membership fee. Like, you know, like there's ways that we can show that easily. I'm not saying any more council hands. Are there any questions from members of the public. Is there any in zoom you can use the raise hand feature or chat if you'd like to speak. Fran are we still empty in council chambers. Mike. One more comment. I also would like to add that as us as counselors or city staff or even the downtown district. If a taxpayer resident says something about well this this was supposed to keep our property taxes down. We can actually tell them your line item there about it has saved taxpayer money on this is why we should be getting a percentage back or this is why we're going to get a percentage back. I think that's important to keep in mind on the forefront if people comment on this because we had on our last meeting. We did have a resident discusses saying, you know, he himself didn't have a problem with getting a one time ask. But I think as an annual basis, you could do more with what you'll get for your budget. If I may just say something quickly about that and thank you for bringing that up Mike. If in fact this local option tax that comes into the city is over the $450,000 that we projected it will not cost the taxpayers anything it is just the local option tax itself coming back. And in addition to that I did a very quick back of the envelope calculation. And just in case we hadn't won the $1.9 million. That would be a $497 per year assessment on a taxpayer with a $225,000. So, you know, I think it's really important to keep it in that perspective. Are there any more questions or comments based on all the like hypothetical phrasing. I feel like somebody wants to make a motion to approve this. Second. Motion by his Mike second by how all those favor please say aye. Hi. Hi. I think I heard all eyes so motion carries. Thank you very much downtown when you see friends. Thank you thank you for it. Thank you so much appreciate it. Talk to you soon. So we are going to move on to item B, which Heather will also introduce. This is our quarterly update on our housing goal. Yes, and I want to preface this with two things. First, I apologize. Your document says that this is the third goal update and that is what I get for using an old template for the last time that I didn't update this is actually the first update that we're doing on our priorities for this year. And the second thing I'd like to preface is Elizabeth would brought up a bunch of big concerns about housing and I want to be clear that what we're discussing here is strictly reporting on the priorities that were set for this year. So I think we have much bigger housing discussions to be had and, and I agree with a lot of the things that Elizabeth mentioned and those are things that we're discussing at the housing commission so I invite you to attend housing commission meetings that are held on the fourth Monday of every month and they'll start at 6pm and those are all publicly warned so there's a lot of discussions going on there that probably won't be covered here in this update on the specific priorities for this year. And as Elizabeth said, I have presented you a memo which goes over the priorities for this year and just because this is the first report I'll run through what those priorities are that were established. These are established by the leadership team in partnership with city council for each year for our annual work plan and these are above and beyond regular operations that are going on these special initiatives. So this year, we were tasked with identifying potential funding streams for the housing trust fund, evaluating the effectiveness of the housing trust fund and addressing master plan housing goals and identifying areas for policy changes, implementing the Champlain Housing Trust Development Agreement and supporting construction of Butternut Station, updating the public building registry ordinance, evaluating housing quality and Winooski defined as health and safety of housing and assist housing commission with policy work which is a specific addition that was made by a couple members of the leadership team who are not generally involved in supporting housing. I am the staff liaison for the housing commission so I am always assisting the housing commission but there were specific requests made to Chief John Audie who is our fire chief and our director of code enforcement and to Yasmin Gordon who is our equity director to participate in that so this reflects that. One other item, form based code incentives for affordable housing and for energy efficiency. We're included in our last update we had them listed originally under the economic vitality goal, but since both of those pertain specifically to housing. I recommend that we bring it into the housing updates and report on it there so I've included it here instead and if that's acceptable to city council then that's how I will proceed going forward. So giving you a narrative on all of the priority housing efforts. I'm happy to talk through any of them specifically or answer any specific questions that you have. You'll see that most of them are progressing as planned. Graduating the effectiveness of the housing trust fund is not progressing yet because it has not been rolled out. Part of that is so that we. I'm working with multiple partners in order to roll out the housing trust fund and their trainings that are required. Several trainings that are required. Three trainings at opportunities credit union, two of which have been completed and the third is being completed in November that's an internal staff training so they know how to administer those programs. And then also I will be working with Yaz Gordon, our equity director to ensure that we do trainings with our partner organizations like USCRI and ALV. So they're aware of the programs and the available funds. And so everyone in our community has access to these funds from rollout. So instead of rolling it out and then getting everything translated and you know, making equity a second thought we're doing that part of the initial rollout so it's not you know open season on the funds and then oh also people who don't speak English as a first language you can get this later once we have everything translated so we think that that's an important approach. The other item that is not progressing on the timeline we had expected is updating the public building registry ordinance. And the reason for that is because we are currently in the midst of a grant funded equity audit of the city and housing is one of the three areas being specifically evaluated. So the findings of that equity audit will feed into how we address our ordinance changes. So that I'll take any questions or walk you through any of these items to provide. Thanks Heather. I think based on like the public comment we've heard earlier it might be nice to hear about the effort to evaluate housing quality. And I know Chief Audie isn't here. I know it's like super complicated some of the issues that are coming up with housing quality to the extent that you could share anything. I mean I can share and we also have Robert Malar here who is the chair of the Housing Commission so Robert feel free to jump in whenever you like. Just we've just started this conversation. So we had Chief Audie and Yaz with us at our previous meeting to kind of talk about the complexity of some of the issues with housing quality. People may not know that the city of Winooski has significantly older housing stock than a lot of the surrounding community. So it's about on average 20 years older than the housing stock in the county as a whole. And that comes with its own set of issues. So there's much more lead paint in Winooski. There are structural issues you know there's aging infrastructure in a community that is a low income low resource community. So the costs of making those changes to upgrade and get structures where we want them to be are significant costs for some of our moderate income low income people. So it is a complex situation. There are some issues with sometimes landlords not having resources and supports that they need and tenants not having the resources that they need. So for example landlords and tenants not being able to communicate with each other and not having the support to be able to do so. So I think that you know we've just opened up this conversation and we'll be looking at our code enforcement records of what the most common code violations are in the city health and safety issues that we have in housing and ways that we can specifically address those. When we put together the housing trust fund which involves one program which is specifically for home improvements to bring buildings up to code. We looked at those initial the report for the year on the inspections that were done that year through our public building registry and what the most frequent code violations were. And we use those code violations as priorities in that funding criteria for who would get those loans. So excuse me. So we're starting our work on this but we're early in the development. Robert do you want to add anything. I could but I do also see yes. Yes mean raising her hand. Thanks Robert. I appreciate that. I just wanted to you know to add a little bit of detail around how houses being contributed to in the equity audit. We have connected with IBG who is the consultants that we are the consultant group that we're utilizing the audit. We have connected them directly with the fire chief and they have been going over a slew of quantitative data from the fire department from the firehouse like firehouse data code enforcement violations. All of those things to really take a deep dive into looking at some of the things that Heather was speaking to where some of the where some of the drivers for inequalities have been where they lie with the city of Newsy and then what they're going to do is kind of and then the next step is to we're creating focus groups to we're developing focus groups to bring the community in to talk about their experience with housing. We're looking at access. We're looking at quality. We're looking at safety concerns. We're looking at health outcomes as a result of those four things as well. And so once once the focus groups are done they will do a qualitative analysis and share that share both the quantitative and qualitative analysis with you all and with the community as well to get a feel for whether or not you know whether or not the consensus is that yes this is really what the picture of the Newsy housing looks like. And then to add to that with their final report that's hopefully targeted towards the end of January completed for the end of January they will have recommendations as to how to address some of the issues. Oh and one last step that I have forgotten about before they before they do their final report they are actually going to look at what the gap is between the outcomes that people are expressing and what we're seeing in the data and our policies to figure out if there are any policy drivers that are contributing to the inequality that is happening. So it's going to be really robust and really concise, really excited for it. And I think that we will get at least some answers in January. It's definitely not going to be kind of a magic wand situation, but it's definitely going to aid us in the development of a strategic plan to really address the issues that everyone's talking about. If I can build on that actually I just recently in this last week put into applications for additional resources from the state to assist us in moving forward once we have this equity audit. So the findings from the audit, as if we get the funding will then feed into a municipal planning grant to work with a consultant to create an equitable housing for Winooski. So building on the goals that we have as part of the master plan. This the housing plan will look at things like resource allocation that we need will look at our ordinances will look at specific bylaws that are creating inequities within our city and highlight those for potential changes. And then in addition to that and following on that I've also applied for a bylaw modernization grant so that will deal with the very specific piece of the bylaws that we find may be creating inequities. So the ways that our zoning is keeping creating barriers to us having equitable housing and then that grant would then lead to a consultant doing a very, very broad community process to speak about areas where we could change our zoning that would change the outcomes for housing and and get a sense of the community priorities and the community willingness to make some of those changes in order to be a truly equitable housing. Robert were you did you still have something to layer on? Honestly, after the two of them have been able to talk I don't know what I could really add. You know, these are very key things that they're talking about that we will need to really do work that is apparently long overdue. And I think, you know, I think the thing that I the only thing that I would add is that, although this is a new effort in a lot of ways this is a problem that has been a known problem for a long time and a lot of ways and needs to be more greatly You know, I've prided this commission or our commission prides itself on being very data driven. So I'm really looking forward to what we can get from from as mean and what we can get from the grants that Heather is talking about and all these things so that we can make some more policy changes that can really affect what it's a long standing problem. I mean, that's why we've moved forward with, you know, the rental registry years ago and all of that. And then a lot of ways were miles ahead of many communities in Vermont. And, but we, you know, a lot of that is mainly just data right now and needs to be turned into clearly action, especially as you know, we've seen, perhaps with some particular problem areas. Yeah, and I just want to add a little history to that too, you know, we had a housing needs assessment done a number of years ago. The housing commission over the last couple years from since being formed in 2017. We initially started with looking at that data looking at other city data from the inspections from rental registry and focused spent a lot of time really working on the housing trust one as what was seen as the potentially most impactful policy work that we could do at the time. So having that launch soon will be really exciting. And also just want to make it clear that it's that we have been working on this for a long time. It's just such a massive problem. There's a lot of different tools that you have to keep pressing on how I'll turn to you. Thank you, Mayor. I just want to make a comment. And I just really want to appreciate all of you who've been moving this forward with this comprehensive approach. Housing is a key social determinant. And if we can make that a positive experience for all of our residents, the city will thrive even more. So, so thank you for doing this important work. I also just wanted to add, you know, the in others memo there's the upcoming council role around feedback and guiding to the planning commission, you know, we've been talking about the incentive and form based code for some time. And to the public comment that was made earlier, we know that free bedroom and larger units are unlikely to be built without some subsidy, because they're not, you know, they, you can't get as much money for sale or rent as a cost to build them. So that's something that I know the housing commission has been discussing as something to potentially incentivize and then, you know, partnership with CHT on butternut, whatever it's called now. And those being family size units as well because we know that that's a need. So we, it is something that we are have been making some efforts to move the needle on. I do see a hand in the participant list so we'll open to public comment now, and then we can continue. Hi, welcome. Hi, my name is Suzanne Blaine. I am a owner of a few houses and a landlord here and I'm not sure if this is exactly the right forum but I did want to speak to housing and some of the zoning issues that I've come across. So very briefly, about two years ago we put in an application for a essentially an accessory dwelling unit and it has come before the DRB three times and is now going to environmental court. And one of the things we're coming across is a disconnect is a disconnect between the city council goals, the planning commission goals and then like the DRB and their understanding and maybe they're not trained. I'm not sure what's going on with the DRB. But, you know, we're, we're looking at all of the zoning and looking at it from one perspective and then the way that any sort of additional structures on a property have to go through DRB there and under conditional use of zoning, even if you're in the district so you want two units that has to go before the DRB and then they're using like very arbitrary just sort of their feelings on things rather than any sort of like zoning rules on their rulings is my experience. And so I guess I'm just trying to say that, like, based on what you're saying you're looking at this meeting more like the housing trust goals but I think that there's also some major issues in terms of like parking rules and and some of those other goals like that are happening in the zoning and just from like the more like individual lot experiences that I'm having with some of my properties. Thanks, Suzanne I think that's exactly the kind of thing that we are looking to address in the future is one of these barriers that are coming up in zoning and process that are stopping us, you know, our master plan outright says we want to encourage and incentivize accessory dwelling units. And so if we're actually positioning it to bear to that and that's something that we do need to address. I guess the other two little things to add are that as we're looking at this especially from the lens of equity. We have some kind of outdated language in our zoning policy that one of the factors is called character of the neighborhood with very little definition of how that can be used. So we believe that that's being used quite unfairly in some cases in our city. And the other thing is that yes me and I was amazed at some of the things that you are doing and I'm really excited about that. I think some of the data though that you're going to be using is inaccurate. My experience is just looking at purchasing properties in when you see is that there's a lot of things that are being rented that are not on the rental registry. So I think there almost needs to be like if you're actually going to get data like in a way a door to door. You know property by property like some of the things I've looked at are horrible squalor living conditions and when you see and I guarantee those aren't on the rental registry. And some of my one of my properties when I brought it online as a rental it took over six months and constant like pestering and persistence to get it inspected. So there's definitely like as a landlord a lot that I'm coming across that's kind of clunky and like things that aren't matching across across the different like aspects of the government. If I can just from the Housing Commission I'm have this is Heather Carrington I'm the housing liaison. The Housing Commission has put forward recommendations to the planning commission that they know I'm sorry. We are about to put forward recommendations to the Planning Commission. We have a draft memo for them that will go to them in December that they look at the zoning for great neighborhoods document the guy that was created at the state level that addresses many of the things that you're So we have specific highlighted recommendations for things that could change in our zone. So I think there's a lot more to come in a bigger conversation about that. Okay. And then like the Planning Commission do they then advise the DRB or supervise them. DRB and staff jump in if I start to misspeak the DRB is quasi judicial like they kind of stand alone. They the Planning Commission helps the council create the regulations and then the DRB is tasked with implementing them. Eric if you want to layer in it. I would generally say that's correct. The development review board is a quasi judicial body that reviews very specific applications that come forward for conditional use or for appeals or for other elements such as that subdivisions things of that nature go to the Planning Commission. They don't have a role in the planning process. The Planning Commission itself is the is the body that advises on policy decisions land use policy decisions to city council who ultimately makes the decision on what regulations should be adopted. But they do. We have talked about some touch points between the Planning Commission and DRB chairs, just to share back and forth that there's like, if the DRB is having trouble interpreting certain things or they feel like what they're looking at in zoning is forcing them to make X decision and then vice vice versa Planning Commission can also give you back to say like these aren't working out the way that we intended so like what do we need to date in zoning to address that. That's correct. And Suzanne would be happy to have you come to the Planning Commission when when the Housing Commission submits their recommendations will be in December. I'm not sure exactly what. Okay, I'll be happy to join them. Thank you so much for hearing me. Thank you. And then I see Elizabeth's hand is raised. Hi. Welcome back. Thank you. So I was just listening to Heather so thank you for your report. And I just thought I'd throw out some caution I feel like it's very easy to blame new American families who come with limited English skills as a reason why they may be in the circumstances that they are. And I think it was a family who had a roach infestation so bad that it was in behind the electrical outlets they had leaking roofs that were dripping onto their beds for months. But in when you ski we have a alb we have us CRI interpreters we have community members who are multi lingual. So the idea that language is a barrier in this community is just an excuse putting putting the blame on our families and I think we need to be really thoughtful of understanding where where this is coming from where the blame might need to be put and that not everyone. But they're the intent is there. Thank you. Elizabeth I want to clarify there. We work closely with US CRI and ALB my my issue is the resources aren't there always for them to be able to support as much as they as is needed in our community. So really we're pushing for there to be more funding allocated for there to be more community liaisons possibly at the city so that we're able to provide those services in house. So I think that's what you were hearing when I was talking about their needing to be more support. I wanted to dovetail off of that. Heather yeah it's certainly not a situation where there's any blame that's being even you know even spoken about it's about the lack of resources and the like the lack the missing partnerships the missing opportunities for partnerships that are then causing or contributing to the the reason why it's happening. So it's not necessarily looking at blaming any one individual or any partner. It's really looking at where the holes are and looking to address those so that we can bridge gaps to increase you know to increase the positive positive housing outcomes for the residents. So that's really what we are what we are focused on and there is definitely you know we do work we have partnerships with US CRI with the multicultural liaisons at the school. You know this is something this is a piece a piece of access is what the what the equity audit is really looking at and languages definitely a piece of that and it is part of that is because you know there are not resources that are readily available at all times and also you know landlords who are private entities are not necessarily currently required to provide language services for sometimes tenants are not able to access people that they need to be able to communicate with their landlords in a way that is in a timely fashion to be able to address some of the issues. So those are the types of things we're looking at. We're looking at what supports can we give landlords what supports can we give residents what supports can can we provide as a city to really start to bridge those gaps so that things like that are not happening and so that people feel like they have what they need to be able to form good partnerships between landlords and residents. Thanks Yas. Elizabeth was there anything else you wanted to share or ask? Well I was going to touch on the developers but I think I might just save it for the planning commission meeting. Thank you. Thank you. Mike I see your hand. I have a quick question. Yas you mentioned partnerships or Heather one of you did. I'm wondering where is the refugee resettlement program partnership. It sounds like there's a drop in the ball here somewhere along the lines with the resettlement program where they're not they're bringing folks into places where they probably shouldn't be leaving them and they just kind of open the door and say here you go we're out of here and it's up to the community and City Hall to fix the problems. Is there any work that we need to do there or some follow-up on on those folks? Who has that question? I can definitely speak to that. I think that there's not an answer currently because that is something that the equity audit is looking at. It's looking at how the city partners with these different organizations and how much reliance we have on them to be able to provide services and really trying to lay out how resources can be reallocated on all fronts not necessarily just at the city but really looking at our partnerships and how we're utilizing them and how best to make them more efficient. So that is something that is going to come as a result of the equity audit with some recommendations on how we can address those issues. I heard a comment I think was from Miss Wood where some folks got into an apartment and then they were blamed for the infestation of the apartment and I think that's a real unfair situation for someone who's just trying to get a new start on life and all of a sudden they're kind of being ridiculed on their living arrangement. I think there's maybe some room for follow-up on not just their part and I'm hoping this audit shows that or maybe and I don't want to put it on our code enforcement but maybe there's some more follow-up means on our code enforcement department to make sure that the folks that own these places they get their work done and the time they're allotted instead of having it keep going on and on and on because that's not a real safe situation for anybody. Even for the innocent bystander who has to move out of their apartment because of a situation that's not caused by them. Exactly. This series of planning exercises with the audit will come out with some findings. The municipal planning grant will do that equity plan for housing for the city so that will then specifically look at changes we can make to policy. So whether that be the way that we do code enforcement, whether that be resource allocation so we're sure that our partners have the resources that they need and we have the resources that we need. I think that will all be part of the series of plans. And trust me, I'm not trying to point the finger at anybody, especially our code enforcement, those folks are busy and they do a heck of a job. As a tradesman, I know stuff falls through the cracks sometimes when it comes to this sort of thing, but there's got to be, yeah, we got to have a better plan, I think. Yeah, I think that's why, you know, I really I keep saying I could be on it because really when I want to keep using the term the drivers of inequality because really that's that is what is we are going to find is going to be a good is going to give us the answers so that we can then create the tools to fix them. So whatever those may be, whether they are policy, you know, whether it's within our policies, whether it's in our code, you know, our code enforcement, whether it's in our zoning, you know, we're going to be able to identify those things that we are all kind of, you know, those big question marks that we all have to speak to my. And I think that housing is going to be a great priority that is going to come from, you know, from the results of this audit, it seems like, you know, from now, even with the preliminary data that has been collected that has been analyzed. The data is definitely taking us in that direction. And I'm really excited for folks to be able to kind of see what that is going to look like come January. And I see your hand. Yeah, thank you. I don't want to belabor and get off the topic too much from the intended agenda item so I'll just kind of keep it short. Echoing a lot of what has been said already. I do think that additional as it relates to housing stock and safety and quality I do think that there. To see the recommendations for the planning commission consideration around frequency of inspections. I don't know what the enforcement protocols are and if there's escalating enforcement but it would be interesting to see if that's inclusive of revoking or repealing certificate of occupancy. And I believe one of the recent incidents is from a property owner that has rentals and multiple municipalities. I would be interested in seeing if there's a pervasive pervasive issue of particular property owners and failure to meet code and multiple municipalities and whether or not there are additional repercussions for for failure to maintain adequate housing that could be elevated to a state level state health Department of Health level for further enforcement. Because at some point it's not just impacting one municipality it's impacting folks across multiple municipalities and and I think that does need to be have a ability to be elevated to a higher degree higher level. So I do I do want to make sure we include that policy component in some recommendations. One of my grandfather's favorite sayings is people do what you inspect not what you expect. I believe in that thoroughly and and really support putting more resources into code enforcement because it is a matter of a determinant of health and equity. So I think that it's something that can be underfunded but I think we need to kind of heed the warnings and make sure that we're being responsive. So thank you. Correct me if I'm wrong. I think that's the kind of data that the Housing Commission will be looking at at some point. Yeah. And the audit. Yeah. I'll look forward to seeing that too. Jim. Thank you. And I just want to thank our public who showed up and the comments and kind of allowing this discussion to wander a little field of the intended goal updates. But I think and I also want to thank you Robert for being here. That's encouraging to see our commission chair showing up and taking an interest in this type of discussion too. As our discussion has me entered and the update shows that we have a lot to do in the city and there's only so much that we're going to be able to do. I mean the answer to what do we need to do to fix housing is going to be way more money than we'll ever have and way more attention than we can give because of our size and just because we're dealing with so many competing issues. We're going to have some key discussions that aren't going to be easy coming up over the next two years and so I guess I want to like cement this moment to remember that we think this is a priority and that we're going to have to do some hard work both as council and with our commissions with our communities with our developers because it's going to be all of this doing things together. I love the comprehensive vision. I expect many of the things that will come out of that are going to be things that we wouldn't know already but it'll give us a better sense of how to tackle them and I hope we can be like kind of ready to jump on those and incremental steps rather than waiting for everything to come together to do it all at once. I think we do need to start making steps now. And so I don't want to rush things but I also want us to I guess I'm encouraging us to be ready to step in and do things when we have the opportunity especially with our with the upcoming financial pieces, partnership pieces, larger state picture. There's going to be a lot that we could do and having this comprehensive plan will be good but it's also going to take quick action from us and these issues are things that ideally would have been solved two months ago and it's going to take years but I just I'm optimistic that for this kind of level of attention and care that you all are showing that we've actually do some real good here. So thank you and let's keep going. Are there any more public comments or questions? Reminder you can use chat or the raise hand picture in time. Mike I see your hand. Yes, can I have another topic I want to get on with this housing update. Are we over? Could you hold for a second because I think I saw Hillary's hand in the. Absolutely. Thank you. Second there. Maybe Hillary did you want to speak? Maybe not. It was just there for a second. The other thing that caught my eye was the, has the parking study been finalized yet? I think it's due January, February. Because I was reading the incentives and parking is always one of the things on my mind. And I just want to, I want to know where the parking is going to be as a goal on the housing because as these developers are developing buildings that will not satisfy the parking needs. This all started out as trying to save the neighborhoods from, you know, the gateways and if we have an invasion of parking on off street parking. That's going to go blocks down certain neighborhoods and expect our neighborhoods to stay friendly and user friendly. I'm concerned about that sort of thing and I don't see that kind of an update in this housing update. Does anyone have an answer for me on that? So the recommendations that the housing commission shared with planning already included evaluating parking in the incentive some. They are waiting for more data, but the recommendations aren't. It's to get development that includes the right amount of parking not to under provide. And so we. The preliminary data shows that it's being over provided. And that there is room to reduce, particularly in support of our housing goals. We heard from some area developers, you know, certain types of housing have lower parking utilization. So lower income multifamily units tend to have lower, you know, lower number of cars that a high income single family house. Senior house and tends to have fewer vehicles. So that is part of the evaluation is what tweaks could be made that would still be. Is there any other questions on this update? It is just a discussion item. Okay, thank you everyone for very robust discussion. More to come at some soon to come meetings. We can move on to item C. This is not for discussion or approval. This is an all resident voting implementation updates with Carol and yes. Who wants to introduce Carol, why don't you go ahead? Carol, you're on mute. Sorry. We've been meeting and going over the all resident voting and some of the recommendations that we had brought to you last week. And we had a few changes. And we also have developed a new voter application for an all resident voting. I know that has been being approved by the, our attorney. So with the new city clerk that'll be coming in, we will be reaching out. I mean, going over this update. Probably that's one of the top things that we'll be discussing with her through the all resident voting. And also I have reached out to the Secretary of State's office for the translation of ballots because that is a big job. They have given me a company called language links with that's where they get their translated ballots translated. Carol, do you mind if I jump in just a sec? No, go right ahead. Thank you. Yeah, no, I just wanted to know thank you for the update. And that's great to hear that that the information back from the state's attorney, the state's attorney's office. That's wonderful for the that's wonderful from the state. So we've been, you know, we've had multiple meetings between myself, the city clerks and Wendy, our interim city manager to really make what we feel is a really robust plan for community outreach and engagement for kind of like the pre election coming up, you know, coming up to the election. It involves multiple pathways for folks to get involved. It involves multiple pathways for education in multiple locations. We're really trying to get out into the community to promote registering to vote to promote the resources and the supports that the city is offering to help people really understand what it means to vote and what voting day will look like for new voters. And so, you know, I believe that the document was attached. We did like Carol express we did make some changes she brought the document to the BCA meeting that occurred a couple weeks ago, they provided some input around the actual election day process and around the ballots. So that's also reflected in the changes that are in the document. And we will be, you know, looking to share the document with our community partners, coming up, you know, probably after the holidays, we really start to hear into the outreach portion. So we are going to be leaning on our community partners heavily to be able to get the word out and get the education around but there's a, there's a pretty good plan in place, I think. So, we're putting this together and sharing with us tonight, and also for presenting to the Board of Civil Authority recently to get their input as the folks who run the live action election. I don't have, I had like a couple of suggestions that I've heard pop up, but want to open it up for questions first. Questions from council. Jim. Thank you. And one piece I appreciated is seen kind of the layout of timing and who's tackling which pieces and I think that's really, really laid out. I think one thing that we've talked about before is what our responsibilities as counselors are in this process. And I don't imagine you would commit us to that and a written document like this but I'm curious if you would have any reflections for us that you want us to be actively participating in any of these steps. Those of us who can. Right, you know, I think there are a couple of you who unfortunately aren't able to because you're going to be on the ballot this year so you'll be kind of doing your own things up to coming up to election season. But you know, we would really love kind of an all hands on deck approach, especially when it comes to the community outreach and engagement and you're planning what we call our lovely red coffee has has coined road shows to go out into the community and kind of set up in in targeted locations that pretty much cover the entire city and all of the residents that should be you know that that could possibly be registering to vote to for informational purposes so they'll it'll be kind of like a taking go stand like tabling that that provides community members with translated versions of all of the information around voting and voting day, as well as information around registration for applications for voting and how you do that. And so we'll need we will need some people power to be able to do that because we'd love to have folks there to answer any questions, you know, if people have you know if they're swinging by the market to pick up their bread and they have they see us there. I have some questions for us. We'd love to have people in person ready to be able to provide answers if possible so that's something that I would love for the counselors to be able to take part in. Once we come out with that schedule we haven't developed a schedule yet for what that will look like. So far we've only identified some key places on key locations. And also, you know, we were thinking about utilizing Carol has shared some of the wonderful videos that they did a few years back that they recorded that are informational videos, and we would love to be able to have those running in locations around the city. So, you know, at workplaces in, you know, in all the city buildings possibly in the school. If people are able to set up, you know, if they have a television screen in their front lobby of the business or something like that we would love to be able to have those videos just kind of widespread and available for people to view in passing. So we would love if folks have the ability to do that and they would like to volunteer to have those videos posted in their place of business. We would love for that to happen as well. So please just reach out. And we can, we can hopefully with the help of our communications director get that get that going as well once we start the process. Are those videos, or can they be permanently on our like the how do I vote page on our website. They currently are. They are there. Okay. Yep. If you go to winnerskibt.gov slash vote. They're about halfway down. Another location, we might at least do pamphlets, the food shelf. I mean, check with the folks running that book. And then just wanted to let you all know, I did reach out to the director of the partnership for prevention. You know, pre COVID they used to do a candidate forum and community dinner. So I reached out to her to see if they if they do have like anything at all planned. Or at least get that conversation going. Thank you. I was also, I was curious about how I got to change the zoom screen so I can see everybody. I was wondering about, so videos are exceptionally useful and have some good longevity. What, what type of accessibility do we have, or do we know in terms of internet access computer access. So, you know, it's just what's what is the anticipated distribution or realized distribution of those videos. Well, I think anybody can access them via the links that Paul posted on the website so as long as you have internet access with or a smart phone or device that is connected to whatever, you know, cloud anywhere out there. You can you can watch the videos. And that means that we and I know that Paul can, we can circulate them on all of our social media, including what staff and Twitter. And I know that the mayor just created a what staff account as well that she's able to utilize to send city information. So that's an addition that we didn't have before as well. Do we have a sense for how frequently the community would be able to access the internet or access is there is there a barrier there. So, yeah, go ahead. I can jump in the 2019 census data. We had 77% of households with active internet subscription. I mean, there's certainly some households without. Yeah. I'm just thinking like I know my internet. Monthly internet rates and charges have gone up during the pandemic and I and I'm just thinking about we're creating resources that are available on the internet but you have to have resources to be able to access the internet so. So that's what I'm thinking like. Yeah, recommendation to saying, well, what it'd be great if businesses are multifamily housing it has has these videos available in their lobby and and other locations have these available businesses have these available in their lobbies for for access but I don't I just wonder what the reality of that would be, you know, as having videos available other than just on our website. Well, business. Sorry about that. We are, you know, we plan on having them available at all and all of our city buildings and we are going to hopefully partner with the school for them to be rolling in there, you know, in their lobby with their TV that they have there. And so, you know, we're just we're hoping that with the way that you know the way that people frequent, you know, marketplaces or, you know, people come into City Hall to pay a tax bill or whatever it is that they need that they'll at least be available to see them there. They can play at the library as well which is open, you know, during every day of the week as well so we will widely advertise locations where those videos are going to be available if people want to view them and camp from home. Okay, great. I'll just mention you quickly too and in addition, if I may, you know, videos are just one tool and toolbox obviously, you know, there's an entire plan for printed materials and multiple locations and certainly this is our first go we're really leaving the way in this initiative in the state and quite frankly in the nation. You know, there'll be some learning to do. Obviously, we're going to try to, you know, approach it with a no stone unturned approach like we do with a lot of other big initiatives noble. We can consider, you know, an all all city mailer as we've done before with other initiatives. The other thing I wanted to mention too is that we are going we had some discussion about where the all resident voting information would be centrally located on the website. And at first we kind of thought, well, we could create like a whole dedicated page for getting information on all resident voting but we all sort of landed on making sure that all of those resources and everything is available on the slash vote page so that that's you can enter that page a couple of pages you can get through the how do I menu on the homepage there so how do I and then vote in the new ski. It's also available to the clerk's office and then just it's easy to memorize for slash vote. And then you know the non internet options for folks, you know that's where all the direct outreach comes in, you know when we go through print materials and work with our partners to connect with as many as possible. And it's worth noting that there will be a full page in the windows newsletter that is dedicated in January that is dedicated to all of this information as well. And it's not this piece is not in the plan yet because Paul and I were had just started discussing it last week trying to figure out a way for us to have the translated material that we're going to provide to folks. In QR code versions for people if it's because the newsletter goes out to all households, however, the newsletter itself isn't English. And so we were trying to figure out a way to make that more accessible to non English speakers or English language learners in the form of someone, you know if they have a smartphone or if they have a device or if they want to come borrow a device from the library to click on the QR code and it pulls up the information in the language that they, you know that they speak. And that's something that I just wanted to mention that we are looking at being able to do we haven't quite figured out the details around that yet, but we are working towards that. Yeah, that's a cool idea. I hope you're able to pull together that would be that would be really neat. Yeah, that was all Paul. Well takes a team that's awesome. Sure. And I think, you know, we were having these conversations about about access, you know, every single day I think in lieu of a, you know, an official language access plan or any sort of language study, you know, that's that's more robust than than census data that happens every decade I think, you know, we're going to we're going to try to use every two in the two bucks as I mentioned before. Awesome. Any more questions from Council. Any public comments. Remember you can use the raise hand feature or the chat. Is there any additional feedback here or yes that would be useful to you. Any questions you have for us. No questions. Okay. Um, we don't really need to vote on this but it says approval so. Does anyone want to make a motion to approve the implementation update. Second. Did I didn't hear the motion. Yeah, okay, okay. Motion by Jim second by how all those in favor, please say aye. Hi. Anyone I'm standing. Opposed. Motion carries. Thank you. Thank you. It's 746. I want to call a five minute break. So let us reconvene at 751. Right is 751. So I will reconvene our meeting. We are on item D, which is on for approval. This is the fundraising policy that we saw at our last meeting. Angela made some changes based on our discussion. And we have included the option for people making a significant contribution of $2,500 or more to have the opportunity to come to council to be recognized. We did leave that as an option so that people could choose to remain anonymous. If they wish. Those were really the biggest changes that were made. And we have included the option for people making a significant contribution of $2,500 or more to have the opportunity to come to council to be recognized. Those were really the biggest changes that were made, but happy to get any feedback. Yeah. So to recap our last discussion. Wanted to make sure this policy was focused more on staff. It's in fundraising and didn't create barriers for community numbers during fundraising. Any questions from council? Does this new version meets. No. No. No. Absolutely. I'm seeing no hand. Are there any questions, comments from the public. On this fundraising policy. Still no public in city hall. Nope. No, there's nobody here. Thank you. Right. Well, you have addressed the concerns we raised last time. I'm hearing no new concerns. Does someone want to move to approve the fundraising policy? Okay. Motion by Mike second by Jim. All those in favor, please say aye. Aye. Aye. Motion carries. Thank you, Angela. All right. So we are now on item E. This is the city manager search firm recommendation update. So at our last meeting, we looked at four different search firm proposals brought forward by staff. Had some discussion about them. And then we came to consensus on one. Gov HR. And then decided to go ahead and interview search for. So, Jim, myself. Yaz and PB, our HR director. And Wendy, our inter manager. Participate in, in those interviews. We met with. MRI. We met with HR. We met with alliance. Holly hire withdrew from consideration after viewing our meeting. We're concerned about some of the conversation and potentially not. Us not being a good fit to work together. And we also reached out to another firm. That had recently filled the manager position. However, they also did not have the capacity to take out my search. So. We shared our, the memo, the linked memo from said the September meeting. That kind of outlined our previous process. Show that with them in advance and the set of questions. To just guide a conversation. So. We have worn an executive session here. To have a discussion to, if you all want to get into like what we learned. How those, how those interviews went. Jim. Yes. Maybe you want to add anything to that overview intro. Because this is part of the. Appointment. Employment or evaluation. Also. You know, in these conversations, we touched on previous search. I think probably these firms also might have. You know, been sharing some proprietary information with us. So. Due to that and state statute section 313. Does someone want to make a motion to find that we should have this conversation? Motion by Jim second by Mike. All those in favor. Please say aye. Aye. Aye. Motion carries. Could I have a motion to enter into executive session? Inviting our interim manager, equity director, HR director to join us. Second. Motion by Jim second by Brian. Second. Second. Second. Second. Second. Second. Second. Second. Second. Second. Second. Second. Motion. Motion by Jim second. By Brandon all those in favor. Please say I. Hi. I should carry. So we're going to move to another zoom line for the executive session. We're only going to discuss. The search firm recommendation. Then we're going to come back to this line and then potentially. We're in Wendy. You guys are going to get some exercise tonight. Are we? We're having multiple executive sessions. There'll be some more movement. Yeah. Digital exercise. Are those all going to be the same ID and passcode? We're using that same one. Right, Wendy? I believe that's in one. Yes. And I'm contacting the person who will be in the second one to let him know to start signing on. Okay, great. All right. So we're back in from executive. And I am looking for a motion to approve staff to contract with HR for our search firm. And should that not work out to be able to then contract with alliance as a secondary option. Do I have a motion? Second. Motion by Jim, second by Hal. All those in favor, please say I. Hi. Hi. Motion carries. Mayor. May I just ask the question. Is there is the authority, the dollar value. Of the proposals. The authority to contract for the dollar value that was. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Yeah. Thank you, Wendy. Sorry about that. Okay. I guess should have come out higher. We will revisit that. We are done with the regular part of the agenda. We're now in item nine executive session. So we have another one who discussed confidential attorney client communications. Looking for a motion to find under state statute. Three one three one half that we should have this discussion in executive session to receive professional legal services from our attorney. Second. Motion by Hal. Second by Jim. All those in favor, please say I. Motion carries. So then I need a motion to move into executive session. Inviting our attorney. Of diploma and our interim manager. What the Harrison anyone else, Wendy. That's it. I think that's it. Okay. Second. Motion by Jim second by Bryn. All those in favor, please say I. Motion carries. We will move back into executive session to discuss the. This matter. Um, would it be appropriate? Could I do, could we do two motions and just go over there and do handle both of these items? Or we should come back out. No, we have to come back. You have to come back out if you're going to take. A vote. Yeah. Yeah. I don't know that you will be taking. Oh yes. Yes, you will be. Yeah. Yeah. Okay. So we're just going to talk about item B. And then we'll come back here and then we'll do a, another one for the, the last time. So I will see you in the other zoom. Yeah. Yes. I think I was the meeting host and when I left the call ended, could you text Bob? Yeah, I didn't hear the first part of what you said. I believe when I left the zoom meeting ended. So he'll have to rejoin. Okay. If you, if you could alert him, please. Thank you. Sorry for the delay. I'm just waiting to receive our. Really approved language. Wendy, did you get an email yet? No, I haven't. And I'm refreshing frequently. Oh, here it goes. Did you get it? No, not yet. There it is. Okay. Um, so I'm going to read this resolution and then we'll be ready for that. So I would like to get a little bit of a. So we have a meeting of motion. To resolve that the council appoints the mayor and the interim city manager to serve as a litigation committee to provide guidance and direction to counsel on interim steps in the lawsuit brought against the city in connection with the all resident voting charter provision. The committee is authorized to make decisions concerning the concerns concerning the litigation, including any decision to settle the bill. Also resolve that the council hereby ratifies and approves the filing of the motion to dismiss presently on file with the court and all steps taken thus far incident there too. And resolve that the council hereby authorizes council to grant an extension of time to January 7th, 2022 for the plaintiffs to file a response to the city's motion to dismiss. Would someone like to move to approve that resolution? So moved. Second. Motion by Bryn, second by Jim. All those in favor, please say aye. Aye. Aye. Those opposed? Aye. Motion carried. Thank you very much. So we can move on to item C. This is an executive session to receive an update per state statute section 3131A about lot nine and development agreement contracts. So looking for a motion to find that having this discussion open session would put us at a disadvantage, put the city at a disadvantage. And so we should per state statute hold this discussion in the executive session. So moved. Second. Motion by Bryn, second by Jim. All those in favor, please say aye. Aye. Aye. Motion carries. So I'm looking for a motion to enter into executive session, inviting our interim manager, John Rauscher and Eric. Yes. As well as our attorney Bob DePalma. Can I have a motion please? Move. Second. Motion by Jim, second by Hal. All those in favor, please say aye. Aye. Motion carries. We're going to move over to another zoom line for this conversation. We'll discuss only this item and then we'll return to this slide to adjourn. No purpose, this will take place.
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"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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UC-crZTQNRzZgzyighTKF0nQ
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Beas Mandi News | ਅਨਾਜ ਮੰਡੀਆਂ 'ਚ ਲੱਗੇ ਅਵਾਰਾ ਪਸ਼ੂਆਂ ਦੇ ਢੇਰ, ਬਾਥਰੂਮਾਂ 'ਚ ਤਾਲੇ, ਦੇਖੋ ਕੀ ਹੈ ਹਾਲ | N18V
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ਅਨਾਜ ਮੰਡੀਆਂ 'ਚ ਲੱਗੇ ਅਵਾਰਾ ਪਸ਼ੂਆਂ ਦੇ ਢੇਰ। ਕੁੱਝ ਦਿਨਾਂ 'ਚ ਆਉਣੀ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਹੋਵੇਗੀ ਮੰਡੀਆਂ 'ਚ ਕਣਕ। ਬਾਥਰੂਮਾਂ 'ਚ ਲੱਗੇ ਹੋਏ ਨੇ ਹਾਲੇ ਵੀ ਤਾਲੇ। ਮੰਡੀਆਂ 'ਚ ਪ੍ਰਬੰਧ ਹਾਲੇ ਵੀ ਨੇ ਅਧੂਰੇ। 'ਹਾਲੇ ਵੀ ਕਈ ਦਿਨ ਬਾਅਦ ਆਵੇਗੀ ਮੰਡੀਆਂ 'ਚ ਫਸਲ'।
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News 18 Punjab/Haryana/Himachal is an exclusive news channel on YouTube which streams news related to Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Nation and the World. Along with the news, the channel also has debates on contemporary topics and shows on special series which are interesting and informative.
News18 ਪੰਜਾਬ/हरियाणा/हिमाचल एक क्षेत्रीय न्यूज़ चैनल है जिसपर ਪੰਜਾਬ, हरियाणा, हिमाचल, देश एवं विदेश की खबरें प्रकाशित की जाती हैं | समाचारों क साथ-साथ इस चैनल पर समकालीन विषयों पर वाद-विवाद एवं विशेष सीरीज भी प्रकाशित होती हैं जो की काफी रोचक एवं सूचनापूर्ण हैं | n18oc_Punjab
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] | 2024-04-05T03:10:00 | 2024-04-23T13:26:41 | 261 |
y2Mf_haF6m8
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cando uming j vaccinations nd pr spinach nd prophecy Jeffrey nd in jhta nd the government nd the horrible weather nd it word nd it word calcula habla ka wontim inside our bathroom? and the Brussels电 nurses on the other floor is also there? and the lady from the other floor inside? without cleaning the equally really you probably wouldnt City! there is much less demand of these people there isuesh inspector there israt with you so you even hade to do enough right now? अभी पानी दीज़ी यो वस्ता से यो वेदे कज़े या बात्रुम लाटरीना ज़ी ना वास्ते भी कोई बन्दा खास होते दिता वेज़ा साव सपाएईदा वी तें आर रखे लिए. ज़ेडा जोवर पना हो वी तरीख तो बादी जागे पना है. तो हूना मगल अगे को तरीजा जी नी लिटा कंता. नी नी लेए गो पीडा है ना लेदे ख़द्दा हाद्ना हो. आदे तैम लपुग डास पंद्रा देन लोग. तास के दिंटा का होगी. तो नी ये अब वी आप पदेखा देखा अगे. जी वो ते खे शरकार नी कैता वी वो पिला नी तने बने रहें. जेडी ना मार्खिम लिए ने ती अ पोज़ो ना कार नी आं. वा मखछी कार नी आ मागजे जेडी आ. ते प्चए खन काछिया मगीं, पेलपल काछिया मगीं ना बदीया ना जोड़गी. बगगतं कार नी दिए कुभी गार नी आ मगी. ते ले एक वो स्वगार नी अ अफ़ले लेए. ते यारगी कित्रा चाल गी के वी तो चाडगी जी.
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{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2Mf_haF6m8",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}
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UC4m46pCBkMEyy8gk26WKqbA
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BROKEN PLAY LIVE: WE BACK
| null | 2024-04-09T05:18:09 | 2024-04-19T00:46:23 | 6,377 |
Y2nA5R9yQPs
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I Now look at him know He's six foot Marco six foot six foot yeah, all vegetables now that ain't right I Might I might redo first half They just trying to get a coach like that, bro, you don't bet They got a big Nick big Nick All right, this is good How many national championship does done staley have that's the South Carolina head coach Oh Maybe like what's what's what's your sex life? We're doing Oh All right, that's a good one name your HBCU school I The first letter I said I got two shots That chef would plate organic vegan mac and cheese Oh Don't believe the hype don't don't go with the narrative Marcel don't go with the Marcel narrative. Y'all can keep it. Nigga y'all walk through the cameras. Javi just stream back Okay High ball game right now six minutes left, uh-huh and eat it out the game watch them niggas work and one Y'all got to know the college is a game of runs Did not listen to rage, but I did yeah, I told you But that how you like skin niggas do I'm not like do dumb shit then apologize Now you said that I wasn't saying that Oh, yeah, I had drunk it off We get some new people on the couch Okay, I bet all these niggas getting off the couch when my girls get here. Don't sit on the couch man. You don't like to be on camera I'll come sit on the couch man Man might hungry shout out the mic man. Our prize speaks corresponded I always make it sure we straight. How we looking so far the only nigga who would give me a chance How we looking That's it shot me. I said that nigga saw my content He's still down real one That's a real shit. I'll eat it back in the game Man, he ain't do that, bro. He's seven four But i'm saying look that's why the coach so mad, bro. No, you can't be over somebody back, bro That's why the coach mad Oh, yeah, we a damn assistant coach Yeah, I don't I don't that's slow at work. I can't run up and down nba player He's gonna be the 30th pick. He's gonna get a jump. Oh Oh, they know you can look at that black ball here that coat Oh, you know the nigga who act different when the girls go by Man, anybody got a chain for a thousand You talking about some bright head like two bands for pride pick Bro, I ain't gonna lie pride pick. I don't probably hit by a 50 band at least tonight minimum Let's I know what y'all want to drink or whatnot Uh, I had got the bracket busted bracket. We got I'm back now though. Yeah, y'all go ahead. We're gonna cook the We got poor minds in the building. I was I was down bad. I was down bad Last week You don't trick the name you strikes up on the new york my camp But let's just have him for down bad about 24 hours. I just need to know the city, bro But every city it was I ain't gonna I had a mask on too For real? I mean some regular shit when I go out there You got it back on craig. Look at my boy noon What does it mean me a blowout, bro? I hope so. Yo yo keep it down. We live. He bit down. We are live The first half listen to the ball Chill chill. We got a million viewers y'all keep it down appreciate Oh, yeah Somebody now about to start asking trivia questions again, bitch you guessed it Oh, let's we doing trivia too name a sport That start would be you get a win a prize You got a don't don't go into the narrative, bro. Holy good answer. Y'all clap it up for the next week Give her a shot Give her a shot I got y'all fellas Why she'll would why You made a break. I thought we was they're gonna have wings and shit, but this is a good Shout out to Deja. She about to get some promo funds Get a real one big supporter Yeah, I thought we took that nigga mic, man We don't took the mic now. We hate to make you sit outside There's too too many women in here now jack. You can't be doing that dumb shit We have we we we we gotta get we gotta get right jack You're gonna fuck up the algorithm Oh Mike Prize pick sponsor. We need you up. Yeah. Yeah, you're out of here. The ladies finna sit down Out for sure. That's what I'm trying to We're gonna bring you back Gotta get the ladies Come on You still gonna be special, but we they on the way Hey, just just just stay right here for a second. Yeah, I'm gonna get you like two like a section right here. Just hold on Yeah, just be on standby. I'm gonna get you a shot get you get your section straight Somebody said can't even hate Marcelle glasses or five. They fucking with you Marcelle that our wisdom atl Yeah, Marcelle. We need now one poor mind. Y'all pick winners One first half, bro Yeah, I did okay Straight Marco, you know, eight Marco had like a bad bitch. You gotta eat in front of the phone Nick went to the back to eat six and a half That nigga's supposed to eat a nigga. I sent three hundred dollars. So he felt like he done bought this shit You know how a nigga do when they don't yeah, the nigga felt like he done paid the DJ What you gotta do, bro, get you three hundred dollar work, man You done ate the handful shot. What does she mean? Hey Mark, I look up the morning presented by funny Marco Hey Lou, that nigga don't bother Yeah I He's Adidas, what marketing he's Adidas marketing. So he a fan of the show I ain't even watching Hey, they said Marco and the DJ boots ain't bitches with the DJ Play my shit Man, please play my brother's shit Hey, hey Fellows not to be rude, but get y'all ass off the couch. We got some ladies coming in Wherever they want to sit if you and they ladies what y'all want to sit? All right, y'all straight on this side Appreciate everything you do with prize pick but not to be rude, but you know what time it is How y'all doing Y'all clapping up for poor minds in the building. We got the beautiful, uh, Drill Nicole And we got my nigga legs pee What you drinking legs, which one did y'all try? Okay Drill has to tip off and and the ultimate prize and legs have the ultimate prize pigs. Okay, cool So y'all y'all familiar with the championship game Did y'all watch the women's? So y'all don't care about South Carolina winning yesterday a black That's a drear answer Y'all go thank you so much. I feel to say don't start that hey now Oh Damn the real bad bitches here Damn the real bad bitches here Well that nigga please was strong That came from I have been So legs they've been asking about you for the show When you coming back man, when you invite me I gotta come back to pour mine. I know I think it's on me No, you know, I want to come back. It made me feel at home when I come to y'all shit You see we don't start Yeah, I think I think Yo, I stole shape that she ain't working with broken play yet Say what they say? I don't know you from them, but shit y'all be using event Okay This shit work hand to hand now. It's true. Oh, we got some more trivia questions This little chicken bus. Oh, yeah, y'all slow it down I feel only got two people All right, what is Purdue's mascot? Yeah, Purdue the team watching All right, so I'll take another shot Yeah More pants too saggy Oh, I see it Marco what are you at? They said what nigga Marco You don't sit your own looking at Tell me something. They said what's up with la la Marco? You been a column? They talking about the game man. Like he don't want to talk about it. Oh lady. Y'all chill out. We're professional Hey Matthew say I let gnaws down again by jco. Man y'all chill out, bro. That ain't got nothing to do with sports Chico fans money said I won't Erica With with seven exclamation points. Oh my god, man, shout out the blue chew I just make sure y'all deal me Not make sure If a nigga do seven exclamation, you know that nigga's serious. Yeah, he's serious. Just just deal me I am I'm up for all days. I'm outside. They said Marcelle went to the back to get his honey pack Hey This is a family show Hey, you walk me What do you mean? He say he ready. He's stepping in ready Say better than having on him tonight Say something about that honey pack that honey pack do not make you y'all What you mean it don't make you y'all yeah, cuz they you know, they mean it's older than take it They be taking it and thinking they 25 that do not make you 25. Oh, yeah for sure Yeah, if you gonna take that if you taking blue chew if you taking honey pack make go to your doctor first Because I had a partner and he didn't know we're bleeding for four days straight. Okay He was allergic to honey, you know You took your shot A tie do look a little toasty to that It's a lot it's a lot of niggas crashing. Oh, you got a ride though. You drove Okay, let me know you So on the no did it on the on the front. Oh, look at legs. Hey, I didn't have nothing After what I seen on instagram today. Oh, no, man. Hey, shout out to me that stallion I'll get that thing now later. Who I like the challenge Yeah, y'all y'all nigga mix it up He said she was fucking with a nigga that had a honey pack and it only got hard in the middle I was chewing on it. I'm not doing you were chewing on it. Yeah She said can't she say that nigga on What you got hold it up On my dog Marcel man Marcel look like that high school We definitely got poor minds in the building. Yeah for sure When they have used to come on the show No Chata you come I told y'all reggie you went against the grain Just a hair I went to her I took him for the game They said put legs pee in the camera. May I put the women on the camera? Yeah They love legs Yeah, that's it weird boy, shut the fuck I don't know what you do I just planned out. Let's got a little fan club Thank you poor minds for pulling up and they're going crazy. Oh man. Yeah, I shoulda rep The first half uh over with 67. Is that who y'all going for? We're going for you con Slow it down. Slow it down Tell Jarrell I don't care about her nigga meet me at papa though. Hey chill out nigga Papa though, you mother don't know you talking to me Jarrell gonna make you fly her to Antigua first off No, I ain't see that one I see it ain't gonna damn that shit didn't go over and that shit started high All right real quick. We finna go in the halftime. I need everybody. Just look around clap it up for all these beautiful women Like y'all just be around this shit your niggas went around this shit till broken play brought you around Shut your straight rope. Yeah. Yeah. Oh, no, I'm letting them know the way it is. Are we a halftime? You can play your instrumental Your partnership play your partnership. No, no, no, no, let's start line dancing You know how to dance where you from you from What part oh don't country girl for real, bro? Yeah Birmingham We got 1,500 people still watching us live man clap it up Here y'all So if you ain't here doing some shit you ain't supposed to be doing Don't call me to mark a nigga. I didn't ask you to come The three people I asked to come they on the couch and they straight Four minds of air everybody else if y'all You said you were playing some hoes and you didn't You ain't got a story where he said he used to hold Hey, if they wall went Hey shout out to bluetooth Let me read this one. Let me read this real quick. Get the instrumental. I don't need Oh, oh, I don't want to sound like I'm rapping. I don't need no instrumental This special championship live stream is sponsored by bluetooth. Let's talk about six. Some is a Let's talk about it. I want to talk about it. Let me read it first Let's talk about six somewhere's around the corner. Do you want to bring the heat in the bedroom? Hey, I said somewhere on the corner Bluetooth all year, but um They were just saying somewhere on the corner Blake You good, Blake You come here till I read the bluetooth ad He's trying to get some promo Now you can increase your performance and get that extra confidence in the bed. Listen up Bluetooth is a unique online service that delivers the same active ingredients as viagra, cialis, and lavittra But in the chewable tablets at a fraction of the cost the process is simple Sign up at bluetooth.com consult with one of their license No license medical providers and once you approve you'll receive your prescription within days The best part is all done online. So no visit to the doctor's office. No awkward No I know what's wrong No awkward conversations and no waiting in line at the pharmacy Host endorsement personalization call to action. Please read verbatim I'm reading too good now Blue bluetooth wants to help you have better sex discover your options at bluetooth.com We got a special deal for our listeners. Try bluetooth free when you use our promo code 85 south at checkout. Just pay five dollar ship. Y'all clap it up for bluetooth Thank you queen I try Yeah, I don't I don't do need to So let's talk about it ladies Ladies do you got some niggas y'all would recommend bluetooth to? Who It ain't for me, baby. She in trouble. She is in trouble. Drag drank my dream. It ain't for me Hey Me when I sponsor don't think I'll read it because I need that motherfucker. I'm a nut quick regardless Oh Bruh come on I know I'm I'd be excited Yeah, what you want? What would you like? Hey, bring that 42 up I hate when niggas drink all this shit Y'all let these ladies get they shot first for you niggas start reaching your hand. Yes, sir Hey the seal on the motherfucker When they spoke to chime in the sun I need to look and surprise we're gonna run it back. It's still live though. It's in here chilling man. You know what? I appreciate y'all fucking with me. Yeah, what? We got some 1942 in the building. We got the number one show on the app. Uh That's official now. Oh, they don't start sending that money Somebody said I can't wait to hear what carlo say about this Get your hey-nass on niggas. Oh, yeah Oh, you just hear Shout out the prize pigs y'all club it up with prize speak being in the building. What's up prize pigs? Now this the time we've been waiting for We are giving away Hey, y'all shut the fuck up. I think I'm wanting done. It's a real party now. Jack. Nobody want to be a fly Wait, don't nobody raise the fucking roof wait Blake come blow your whistle Hey, don't Yeah, there we go We are giving away promo phones on prize pigs All you got to do is send a screenshot of your pics on the app to our broken play instagram page DM us So if you don't made some prize pigs send it down and they're gonna see some promo phone Send that shit to me too Shout out to Okay All right. Yeah, have you don't have too much to drink? Don't hang out shit to do with broken play Hey, that's what you said. Don't give me no gun man. Hey, that nigga done did the solely eclipse sign What the fuck they had to do with broken play? It don't start raining didn't it be that nigga just pressing anything back there y'all stay stay easy on that 42 Shout out to Shaquille McGriff And uh, Dacia for being the first to win some promo funds from broken play y'all clap it up for them All right. All right. All right All right, we're gonna play some music talk a little shit and if ladies y'all want to dance y'all could No niggas that no niggas are dancing If we catch a nigga dancing you will be escorted If you're gonna party with broken play you're gonna abide by rules Niggas you can look don't get behind these women and don't dance Don't try to out dance them If I see that nigga you getting executed No, they can't We playing that shit Right What is hot seat Oh, let me look I ain't no we had real game Sure did he probably said that for real. Is anybody else taking a shot? He he probably watched that nigga boy that niggas Shout out to bud Dupree. Hey y'all clap it over bud Dupree one time My boy jacobi percent Ant-man didn't give us d but shout out pierre gave us some ant-mans All right, we finna do hot seat. Oh this we on the 1940s y'all want to shot Okay, yeah, who missing the 1942 shot Oh, yeah, rp clay man Hey, I don't see the hot seat game Y'all need to have man on my car. Hey legs p in drill. Why we got y'all on here. What y'all think about? Let uh jt and carisha. What are going on with that? What you think? Right, and it probably small on the misunderstanding Oh, okay, I don't I like this I live for drama and mix. I like a little I see Yeah I'm gonna say this but you gotta think and carisha defense she going through shit that did it going through two Hey All that ain't on carisha So when you say getting fucked like that, what you mean by that? It gotta be good though, right? It gotta be good though, right? But it gotta be good. It gotta be good Are you saying so you saying she getting dick, but it's not quality So I'm just saying it's a you know Good dick. Don't calm the woman down, bro She ain't me. That ain't handsome Let me tell you something boy Hey, man. Hey, hey Mr. Reddy Speak from your heart. Speak from your heart ready? You can't say something boy. Hey, she's talking about y'all talking about lil ooze You can't judge a nigga. You don't know what lil ooze would do when he turned them back down When he's taking them goggles off Niggas, nigga, you don't judge a woman by his cover He's taking them goggles off and taking them swimming shoes off You don't know what I'm talking about. I'm talking about basketball Marcel you sit down Yeah, Marcel come sit on the other side Y'all be forgetting ooze. Y'all be forgetting ooze from Philly, man Let's be he do that lil dance. Put that basketball in between you and Marcel Why taking that ass down That's why he dance like that I'm gonna be piping out of that Now he a freaky frog I told Lesby I said put that basketball between you and Marcel. She's talking about y'all. I said all right That ain't Marcel or the Jesus Bro, you set me up. I ain't know they niggas like that That ain't niggas Marcel gonna say what's your stripper name? I was hanging this shot Oh, we ready? We up Just give them some represent on they ain't gonna know the difference And I see Cheer You go Marco, get your lame ass home, man Hey, when Marco just smiling you know that didn't goddamn lit You good bro Huh, oh, why you took we were about to take it together. I thought we already shared where we chose the two Marco you ain't gonna take a shot before you leave Go get your I'm gonna get that man That nigga Marco been talking to the mannequin Make sure we got something left open. Oh, yeah. Oh, no, we'll have something more All that money we done brought in Shout out to Carlo In case you're watching gotta shout my dog But if you ain't watching y'all keep watching What if he watching appreciate you big bro, I appreciate What if you ain't watching it cool What if you watching so this the low gay mid-chan? But if you ain't it's it's the broken blade Uh-uh, you did not have to put your tongue in it Oh Not just the broken play everybody who came through y'all didn't have to come through y'all came through Bro Shout out the dome shout out the thing and shout out the grid and shout out the sunny default and creed And hide me default been working all weekend, brother Give me a minute. See that that's the thing about black women. You don't give me your shit We're gonna be special, but you just fucked it up Oh Shout out the big Shout out the big bro. You said the first one is a test run All right, hang up jay whitehead, oh you gotta leave too Hey man, but no shout out to the whole 85 south putting this together man being so supportive And it's just like a good event man We're gonna do more of them But this the first one and I don't think it's gonna get better than this because everybody Huh where can I get to? All right, shout out the marshal He had a big part to do with this too Oh Hey, look Shout out to four minds and air conducting jay whitehead late. They're coming through They got busy schedules and they came through and fuck with us and definitely shout out these Hey man, shout out the look hey and last but least shout out the lou young and reggie ball, bro. We started this show It was just me talking to a bunch of niggas that they need one on the mic Where did it came along This shit started moving and when lou came along man, I don't see us stopping now. We so salute And we're drinking 42 like niggas ain't doing that shit I see you ladies looking around like damn they doing this on the first one baby 40 this shit won't stop Yeah, yeah, don't get we got prom pigs in the middle. We were drinking 42 before that. Yeah Yeah So shout out to my dog chad ubera Yes, I'm drinking 42 about two years since he done brought along and got me on that money train In my baby mama watch it bitch. You know these jokes Fucking right At least shout out the rhyme fam Last but least Don't do rhyme like that. Take you another shot. It was about halftime old Appreciate it for real pushing up marco all that money you got you've been sending to the youtube Marco you gotta come to the real show they find uh halfway because of me They work out for real. They don't do that They actually All you niggas who criticize us saying they're looking too heavy weight. Look at this a game Look at this a game I thought somebody said You trying to be finer Champion Yeah, he said legs it's fine. Let's be thank you No, he's been He's been sending money all day, but I think he said you're gonna die. That's that $5 All right, look real quick. I need everybody quiet real quick If you watch the live right now At erica duchess she said send her 40 Send her 40 dollar ride somebody said what's his ig if you if you niggas some ballers right now go send it Yeah, erica Are you out too man appreciate you pushing up mike their prize picks prize pigs, thank you Mike Mike I need that. Yeah Then nobody believe in us Mike still don't but uh niggas send the money so y'all shout out to mike No, mike a good niggas They said mr. Reggie. Can't you try me y'all are embarrassing. They said regid. They train them Reggie and his bag They said Marco just got a text right off It fucked Marco Y'all So y'all go to that gym, he beat y'all man. Check your cash out. See you for it all I fuck myself today. Tom. I don't want to run outside No, oh, he didn't can't spell I fuck my I'ma keep my mouth shut next time E-r-i-c-a-d H-e-s-s Dollar sign E-r-i-c-a-d-u-c-h-e-s-s Yes, thank y'all. Y'all see y'all sing on them for the dollar if if she get the for the dollar don't y'all keep sending Yeah, don't Mike Right Hey, god If you had something to say hey, hey Travis once said regid fine and he knows They said regid fine and he knows it Thank you. Uh-oh That's all in the back seat. Yeah Uh-huh. Oh, no, that's the right Oh, don't do that I got a Five What is the cash out dollar sign now green I got legs money dollar sign now green N-a-v-v-g-r-e-n-e I've seen it. Let's right now that my system I don't give up It's the internet now. Hey, hey, boy. I tell you though. It's the internet. What's that? Don't get real now Anybody else taking a shot of me and dream Ain't late text the nigga And they might take my hand. Yeah, what you think? I'm going with the team. Yeah, the whole team going Say I go a lot of me work out tomorrow some of some bro. I just be on all wine I drink nothing but red wine Like I don't even dream about my mom It when you can't chat you can't catch him because he said some players I saw that they could eat some fried chicken, bro And he had been telling everybody all week. I have been on meat for the last two three months I caught him eat chick. He said it ain't never wrong to like dibble and dab Yeah He said That's my scream Ever since I met Chad, I've been telling my dad. What's up black man? That's how you tricky Then when he get on that liquor He wants you to believe in yourself first Baby stop all that playing I Reggie Reggie ball Right here, man, right in front of you A little song, yeah That's why I'm so so successful down in real life what kind of We got going on It's a goal I said Got Marcel. Yep, Marcel went went to steveson That's fucked up. Oh, well, how's school you went to? I bachelor. I wasn't good though. Oh, you wanted to I ain't no chicken. I'm That I bet you had that phone back quick No, they talking about deal that's it that's even a start tracking now Yo shit. Yo shit on the way Oh, somebody's in a broken heart No, you ain't seen them without a like without a haircut Oh, I got Lou Young my boy Lou Young in the cut I have flea and don't Yeah, oh, you don't see don't play. Oh, no don't play for real. You just hate But now man anytime y'all want to get y'all views up come to the show bro I know what's going on you some dotnet the whole time we think you chilling with us y'all knew y'all Is it chilling this shit going on? Hey, how does it go beard with all them colors? That's why I blew that dumb effect Oh, okay, okay, y'all the camera right there y'all view y'all views Hey, but don't have us on there y'all put us on trap news without getting our signatures We're gonna shoot the fuck out y'all I don't want y'all to be saying I thought we were family. No We gotta give permission to try you gotta go you got Did y'all go through chat Chat know y'all gonna do this? No here. No chat here. I thought that's why he looking mad. He like what the fuck for one show Hey That's it. Yeah, that's it. They said y'all You crazy Now you hear helmet you got a helmet Okay, no, I thought it was the other helmet, but we cut that shit off the game back on Boy, y'all done got a little promo Blake. We can't do no more. It's only the second quarter Yep. Hey, would y'all ready? I was only two quarters. That's how y'all know I don't know Well, this is No, we be joking a lot, but it's all family Y'all keep pushing the two halves pushing the agenda keep working You know, that's how you know men deserve less. Y'all can get no more. They only get two quarters right now. I don't see us I don't know what's going on I thought purdue was a chicken company Where did you get that head from? So it says saline. I'm sorry. That was not nice That minus seven looking good Everybody keep asking how to come on an episode Solo, I hold Drea stays red Man, what's up though? We could do something. Hey, y'all seen all this money. They've been sent it Put in the comments where where we should go tonight Now Now In the comment Hey, somebody somebody said eat 20 more dollars right now. I don't got no food. Are we gonna cut this shit off? What they said I wish I had a food for So we could be relatable Not relatable at all I just don't want to put people in my lifestyle Go in that rico come on. Exactly. There's nothing But I don't have one but all my shit is straight That's it her jay whitehead Hey, I ain't gonna let you go Ain't no dead We're talking some real shit I'm gonna tell y'all this shit. That's some business. Some business. Yo, no Where is it? Did he fold him for real? I'm gonna tell y'all on some real shit That nigga used to post every two months when did he gave him his shade? Did he like I fuck with you and gave him his shade Did he start facing them allegations that nigga ain't post that shit? No, they'll be folding my allegations Now you do what you need to post They won't know let's be at cash out. She ain't got cash out. Send it to me nigga Oh, let's say it call. Let me call. Let's back see if we pick up Okay Lones the fat the fans trying to figure out why you couldn't come watch the game with us bro Yeah, I'm on the phone with him now a cat jet came from the back so much shot Carlos out you watch Everybody's scared of you set me Not yet Yeah, you've been goddamn leaning lately. I've been thinking Yeah, we're still on the line when we making money on this shit. Oh, I got I appreciate it, bro. Hey, jay jay crane said low-key think y'all piss Marcelle off No, bro Y'all piss Marcelle off. So look on some real shit 50 flow in your body Oh Yeah, see that one thing about it when you have people like that who gonna have your back when you ain't Ain't even know they were taking up with me. I don't been a pop shit for them. I see them doing that But so look and Lou y'all done played in NCAA championships and you know NCAA championships now ain't gonna say championship Marcia, that's the hey now Oh Hey Marcelle Marcelle What division did you go to? Uh division two. No, you went that went. No. Yes. It was it was. Oh man. We was at the house game The nigga Marcelle ran to somebody who went to that last school. He went to Did that to the nigga the nigga did it But we talking to some niggas we played D1 ball D1 ball How did he explain the NCAA? Well I played in the ACC championship Oh, what? Yeah. Y'all know. No, we did. Oh, I lost mine too. Yeah, so both y'all was at AC double How many drinks is that my niggas y'all was at My niggas. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah, sir. We we all went to the bowl game every year. What was it? You went to bowl money No, we don't have ball games in D2. Oh, no Yeah, that's like it's like like it's like, you know, you got the deep deep like you got uh Like like the real shit the real shit then you got ci double a Then you got like like hbcu classic then you got like drum line And then everything after that It just fall what they make we get me and luke and go me and luke can go on the field now I'm catching the touchdown on them. Oh, damn. I'm serious. Oh, you waiting to lose us start doing comedy You didn't try that shit a minute ago Look and they said, uh bartender back there cutting up and dancing Hey, what is pop one? Pop one? That's that part. That's part ball, bro. Yeah, that's part ball. Yeah, part ball. So that's like eight youths That's part ball That about the school that about the school myself was that about uh, like playing welcome all You're rushing park rushing rappers, baby. Who? Oh, bring me into it. They still talking about me when I go to the park Nigga, why are you why you stop? Hey, you know, nigga be lying we talking about the street man the street man. I couldn't get out the street I had like three offers, but Cote kept cold of my man and shit. Hey it niggas today. I got partner still blade when they high school cope Man, man, man, you don't remember my coach hate it on me. I was like, no Hey, we're a new face into the company into my new face Hey, new face that nigga's a legend. What's up new face? Shout out new face pull up Pull up man. We got free liquor real legend for real Almost gone a goat. My friend is a legend. Shout out the drill uh lip gloss collection I got me some period What is That's the tag like is there a promo code Is there a promo code? I may want to buy a lady some Oh, I see people Oh, somebody's saying five dollars No, they just keep sending money in the chat. Right. Appreciate it. We got to get other Abnesses in here. Just come show you face on camera Because they tell my damn they just only forward black folks. So we got to show somebody You got to send three more dollars. You want me to read that comment? All right, no, we ain't gonna read. No, don't read it. Lou. You don't Go crazy Like a certified j smalls Come on, man He said I got he said I got that task like a certified bad bitch your Okay, j smalls. They coming at you, bro. Hey, they just tagged uh muse beauty in the uh In the comments so shout out new. Hold on. How you see the comment you can pick comments on the youtube I'll just hit the live and Yeah, they got comment y'all make sure y'all follow at erica dutch's on there j rock just sent ten dollars Yeah, we busting that money down Well, what I don't make $30 If you only made 30 Send erica 10 more dollars on for the end People asking for jack thriller jack really gonna be That jack Okay, and uh, where you from? The cater Let me guess where are you from then I want to That's a six boy Try to scrub it off You're a big sportsman University Honey buns we appreciate you coming through with you in your home girls. All y'all look beautiful. Y'all had another drink And I don't give a damn My bad dog Thank you so much That's why we just try to show niggas. They all didn't come in to my turn to elm We must look hot they all didn't come in talking about cut down He could let him let him fix the mic that way burning calories That didn't came on the mic Crabbing back her laugh in the whole time he came on the last show he had to fix the mic I said give my boy out of your ear. Shout out. They turnt the camera You comes up 51 38 I always say I don't make them do it. He finally had to come in the room to fix them The mic Like a pommel Oh my god Hey, you see why he came in and fix that shit differently Yeah, he needed Anna got the hell out of the way That's that booty Say you ain't seeing this booty me one now get on the nigga. Hey boy. You have you have the chance We got detroit in the building Section 8 version wick receipts in there. You a motherfucking lot jaco. Didn't everybody got money in this mold 42 I want me to say that we all right. We all didn't help bro. We all right. I need these four niggas Yo, we need to hear what you gotta say. I'm getting tired of you. You lame-ass niggas in the economy No, I support it You can't Which a broke ass Have you niggas talking have you niggas talking shit ain't got a gd Hey, we can we we can pay to get a little bit I know that's right. We can pay for this I fucked these niggas man because I told you I'm a man first I'm gonna go But no He okay Appreciate you Y'all give it up for breed breeding came Yeah I Shout out the broken play we got a vip section at 85 south studio If a nigga got the right He used to be a short ten dollar You smart I don't know what $10 to get you today though. First of all, why you why you putting all my secrets? I don't lie My bad, I'm tripped out, bro. Come on now. You're right. We supposed to be helping each other Yeah, I've had to die. I can't read no more comments. And they're about 16, bro What I told you was gonna happen Ty can I get a Let's go ahead everybody drunk in this man Hey, look I I got a drunk. I'm gonna I don't need another shot. I'll just sip this bitch when y'all pay Ball ain't getting up Ball gonna text the whole group and say Trap news recorded today, so we in here tomorrow Hey Okay, look Shout out bluetooth and prize pigs and definitely brooks every 24 at yahoo.com for being the third to win some promo funds We only giving away two more. All you got to do is send a screen shot of your pics to our broken Look this our new commercial hey somebody record up there taking shot We trying to get a drink sponsor We trying to get a liquor sponsor, man Who know Fucking boat Man these young niggas out here whooping they ass, huh 17. That's why I quit looking at it I quit looking at that shit. Somebody said Lou looking like Charles on BML No caps Lou looking thick. Yeah, that's a nigga though. Don't don't know. I want to read that Okay I got you bad man. I ain't got no shot I wasn't gonna read that. I wasn't gonna do my dog like that Niggas on the way I'm on the way Let me get a shot of him then I'll take a shot of him now say I need a shot That a holy clip shit. Hey Nothing but success Yeah Los don't like all you niggas Los don't like me So shout out to co That nigga made los believe Cat Corleone in the building real talk, man Hey nav, I just want to I want to thank you, dude. What now Lou uncle. No. No. No. No. No. Let me finish. Let me start No, real talk Lou came on the show Me and reggie, bro. I know we both seen it like bro. You just bring a different type of I ain't gonna say you a jeans because you ain't but it like you don't I ain't trying to get on because Lou don't know what he's doing, but he he's just so brilliant. He's not a jeans He ain't trying right man. He's just so naturally gifted, bro Like I'm saying like bro the nigga Lou He's just bro. I don't It's gonna be bigger bigger than broken play bigger than like that That nigga Lou just gonna be some special that we gonna see for a long time because the nigga just I don't know. I'm just glad he's fucking with us and we fucking with him. So Hey, man, we're gonna take Now that we're hey now you ain't now you don't make me cry, bro. No cry You said to know all right, baby I Me a Lopez And a plate You Me just set the tip to the way She's cool. The fuck man. Everybody in here. It's been nothing but positive vibe. Bye, bro. We taking this Oh, let's take a shot. I got Ben One thing about drea and less whatever you think about them they gonna drink Hey, so you sit there talk and you try to have a heart the heart on the shot Yeah, yeah, yeah, you know the niggas really drinking Everybody took the shot I saw a drill over there organizers They don't do nothing. I gotta tell you this Have we took the shot yet? I would tell her I thought I'd take the shot shots up shots up number of love and respect number of success, man I thought y'all said we took it now. I mean took it. Yeah. I just to mine Hey, look if you ain't got a big bag yet. It's coming. Don't give up Yeah, keep keep the faith. Let me tell you how let's be is such a professional Bro, we in Dallas We in Dallas. My sister hit a car With her body Got up and performed the next day You know, you be thinking you know, you think somebody exaggerating where she hit up like the a musk thing niggas I'm talking about one little motherfucker. The five point on the back. Oh, ho, I had niggas Fuck you Alonzo What y'all was it? Oh, what y'all was it? He hit you or you hit him? I'm I'm picking it now. I know Dallas niggas different That nigga didn't even make sure It like that nigga's Damn That ain't just no strong woman. That's a strong person. Yeah, yeah, you get hit by a goddamn car. You build different Hey, I ain't talking about no light little tap That nigga had to be doing 40 No Dread just said you went up in the alley a bit too. So parking light or the street No, we in the street downtown imagine walking through downtown by walters Oh, she's like jazz getting thrown out the house the first prince like that. No, he's worse than that Ass was everywhere This one I had my big boobs. So it was rolled on her So was he was he speeding or what like it? He was niggas shit It don't matter. So it was a little bit above like I would I'd be cutting it Oh no legs don't got better A lot better y'all don't met legs when she done got them got in her grown woman state When I first met You gonna let her see in the girl. Hey, J. Y. I pour a chat to the side. I said, bro, what we doing? I trust your vision What's going on here? Nick Because I can't be getting him by cars and shit like that Because I started looking at everybody next nigga. We would have got hit too And the nigga kill going Hey that car came at least that oh She pushed legs me out Let's fuck this Did you feel that shit later on the next day? Yeah Just before i'm off the adrenaline. I don't know. I really honestly. I really don't remember Oh, so it wasn't that bad then because you if it were real you remember that shit Hey, no, she was shaking her ass the next day on the show But every ass pop I said, oh They hit some It was like when that ass bounce it was like I'll do that anyway. I'm on That's my legs me story. That's that's if you I live y'all might not I drink She will sound like she drank too She's not walking out in front of the car. That wasn't the first time if you if you outlive me. Don't come to my shit. Why? I got some stories to tell too Hey, you want to feel her, bro? Oh, you definitely know not y'all want to feel her Do y'all want to feel her who do I want? I want to have black part cremate me I don't want shit you're going cremate me ain't nobody got to take our work You want somebody to pull up for you, bro? He's saying that he don't realize it's a lot of people that do like him He think a lot of me He done got a lot of bad presence and it's like Yeah Hey, somebody said somebody said gay him then gay him like, you know how you give like What what I say like an idea that nigga say I do my own shit. We're about what the fuck you doing I mean, but you don't tell me what to do You know, if I want your opinion, I give it to you Well, they calling 360 they're saying 360 They calling you 360 legs see we all in this shit together. I don't need Shout out to Ryan fam in the bedroom I knew There you shot it Who was in bed? I was in bed Yeah, but when she was ready for the show that broken break event got that hand on the hip like I'm gonna take one more cup Oh, I'm gonna take a shot. You want to? Yeah, let's do it. Come on. Come on. Come take a shot with us, bro Not me, Luke If you if you want to walk declavere you can catch that ride Look at that Hey, Lou, all that shit you been talking up there to see, you know what my ego let a nigga know Ego come on the podcast. Oh, and Luke hang with that. Sorry I'm telling you, you gotta go in there and leave you with a black eye and a blue green You you can't ask them nephers. You gotta go in there I work being fine for that You gotta go holding that hat For what? Mr. Reggie, I told you we Training for drag birthday trip not the olympic and we are going for the birthday trip No, you be it must be a couple you were stripping today. Let's be is it a couple? L is crazy. Let's be is it a couple shirt. I don't know 65 49 you come 65 49. I'll do that shit. We don't do that on the regular Man, we don't do that on the regular. I said we're training for the beach A little like you come back to back championship It's over with bro. I'm not even looking at this shit. I'm gonna make a good coke Watch it. Hey, just watch. I just hope I win some Good together. I thought you was there God damn jack still No, man, gotta keep it professional What I said, I didn't know he was no, I mean like Hey, I want some real shit, bro. Hey, no lie. The money. Okay. Thank you The money quarterback said never lets me look good together. That's what y'all chill out Bro, who the fuck is that? Now he's making this up Hey licks and they actually don't start saying this shit Let's try the shit didn't work. We tried that shit didn't work. Now it's so calvary. No, bro Let's don't know how to listen. She don't know how to listen I need a female who's gonna listen and shut the fuck up and let's don't do that And I Unless you supposed to fight Hey, I see drill. I see you ready to comment What comment? I'll just let you read. I ain't gonna see it. I can't see the comments on you I don't know how to do it. You saw that? No, we don't listen. They don't, they lie. But damn, they weren't here. No, I don't agree. No, you on your live and I don't agree I just saw your I just saw your reaction. They don't, they lie. It's a dress I think they saying that cuz of your hat. They hate Oh, yeah, they done got drunk over there I Hey fellas, if you ain't got trouble by now go ahead and start exiting in the building Don't be in other niggas ways What is the thing now gonna be now Shut the fuck up. Because you need to It ain't no ls in here. Oh, sorry. That's why I ain't got can't collaborate now Where are shots at? No real talk man y'all clap it up for Ty. Ty ain't complain one time Ty been making drinks. We gonna make sure why you in here you was Ty cash out. Yeah What is Ty cash out? That's the way we just say. Cash out. I will but what is it? Is that the drink is that the drink or the cash out so mixy. Okay say it again. Oh, so mixy ink. Yeah S o m i x x y i n c Man, look Yeah, I'm gonna tell you this and give me another shot number six one thing about Ty Ty ain't complain out once she been like good spirit like it's people like that that you want around who ain't gonna Trill I'm talking about not only is she making the drink she delivering them to she's And she's drinking she's drinking too, nigga Hey I'ma say this before the live That they asking for you in the comments They're asking for that in the comments Somebody say what that Come on been drinking too Oh, no, big oh no little little bro. I'm gonna do a thing For sure I'm gonna switch y'all Shout out event Shout out event Who don't really fuck with them draws Who don't really fuck with draws this year Not really during the week Everybody talking about this game is over nigga. I told you what we're gonna do. Yeah now say this game is gonna be a blowout No, no, no, not even close. It might as well be over. I told y'all it's gonna be a blowout Yeah, I'm finna check my prize. I want to see what I want. Is it too early to check? You can check That's it Yeah, he'll eat give me a cup Two quarter Hey, we'll talk bro I know CEO don't like it bro, but shout out the chat bro All this shit is possible for that nigga having a vision to see any shit bigger than Just doing that Yes, sir Ma'am, thank you. Let me get one more Okay Hey y'all just imagine the next one when I have stop screaming Y'all finna get kicked out Oh, that's crazy Y'all three He that he that regular head always on backers. Thank you buddy though Marcel yo It's been some good national championship games Life ain't it. This is about top four worse Alabama would have been better in this game. Thank you buddy though. Well, it's the best national championship game you saw Everybody wants y'all one another shot later. See y'all good Top three got to be, uh, uh Philadelphia Nova vs. UNC. I hated that as a UNC fan that was worse. I know but I'm just that was a crazy game That was a crazy game. That's one of them. You know on edge of you. Yeah What you want? Uh the butler duke game You know Real quick Somebody said this game is great. What are they watching? We are everywhere. Yeah real quick real quick if y'all ain't busy, uh This special championship live stream is sponsored by bluetooth Bluetooth wants to help you have better Let me start it from the top This special championship live stream is sponsored by bluetooth Bluetooth wants to help you have better sex Discover you. Hey, let me know how much you get and I'll cover the rest Discover your options at bluetooth.com. Listen up you niggas who came fuck go to bluetooth.com Hey, I know what y'all sitting in bluetooth, but these niggas only hear it a certain way You want to fuck the shit out of We got a special deal for our listeners Try bluetooth free when you use our promo code 85 software check out and you will fuck the shit out of all night You don't pay it all that money for that hotel and you done nothing in five minutes pay five dollar for shipping That's bluetooth.com promo code 85 software see your first month doesn't help them niggas that be on powder too Now I don't know about that I you fuck with niggas on powder You gonna better have a loop Lou Drake beat juice for fun Oh, yeah, that nigga Lou would kick it up another day on your ass back when I was in the street the whole you could call live for powders This is a healthy, this is a healthy drink so I'm here You want that bullshit? Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, you're on that subway eat fresh Hey shout out to cashmere Cashmere said it smell like cocoa butter and liquor in that room. You motherfucking right That smell like butter to me. I haven't smelled a mustard female in here yet Yeah And I won't Yeah, there ain't no mustard in here. Yeah, ain't nothing Yeah, this room is very purified Oh, no, you good, baby. You know, you know now taking the rest of that to the career You don't reach your limit This is Shout out the bluetooth and prize pick brooks every 24 at yahoo.com for being the third to win some pro Oh, that's the same one. Oh, here you go. Shout out the bluetooth and prize picks our last winners Clap it up for our last winner A rose r76 at gmail.com and brooks every 24 at yahoo.com for winning the last of the promo fun Shout out the prize picks coming through e-food drinking liquor in them niggas left like some niggas But he would have to go play the promo fun. They ain't just sit do that We starting Baby, we ain't gonna shout that out. We do only down by 15. You might don't know what them folks say All the down by 15 Oh damn ity this shit over it. It ain't over yet British shit over it. No, it's still the second quarter legs be still the second. It's two halves Shout out legs be being slow legs be saying there's a whole bunch of game left. Uh-huh. They got two quarters. No One thing about ity If y'all like him go to your best buy he will be there working next year Hey, no, no, no, no enterprise. I ain't gonna let you do that. That's enterprise You gonna get drafted. Come on. Let me get drafted 31st pick first round When we know it's 30 team Or two nba I don't know profess. You profess 29. You're a professional The last pick of the first round No, I can't We should say that Back like you say it All right, pleasure I I hear drill just a shout in the black tooth. What do they talk about? Oh, yeah, dread. Everybody right I do it. I don't pop our shit I ain't gonna argue with you I'll which what they say I'll with you when you're right You Want a shot right right? Oh, I've got my I've got Chad don't drink hard liquor If I say I go on block man. I'm on nothing but red wine Sovon Blanc I don't do all that hard. Look bro. That is just lying. That's a real shit That isn't lying But I'm gonna tell you like this. I don't really Hey, you'll look up. You'll look at that Chad to be in there all the drinking represent on to the head Oh, what's up black man? What's up black man, I'll be putting water Hey boy, you gotta believe like no niggas don't get that success when they just drinking liquor White beet juice hold it down jack. Thriller. Hey y'all make sure jack get to his car Haha Shout out to jack. I can't wait to get on jack live. I want me to see in our niggas too. The jack jack really lost it out of I don't know I didn't know if for real for real until the night Y'all start whistling everybody whistling something. I didn't know jack was blind for real for real tonight You okay? I thought it was your one eye man. Y'all clap it over jack thriller, man. My dog hold it down. Yeah Appreciate you jack Niggas lost that I ain't still a fuck the shit out of a bitch Hey, hey, are you talking that bullshit? Stevie Wonder Ray Charles got hella kids. They ain't got shit on jack thriller All right That's why I say that he got shit on jack See jack thriller see Stevie Wonder Ray Charles. Them niggas was so blind They didn't know how to pull out that nigga jack blind and still pull out Ray Charles Ray Charles put Ray Charles to grab that wrist. Yeah, Ray. Ray wants to do that wrist feel That nigga jack will pull out and hear nothing on the bitch. Ah that nigga Man get the hell out of here. Bye. Yeah jack drunk Why would you have one? Yeah You corrupting it with a dick amastrop on up by 13 Less than a minute left They gonna stop the back champion shit. Shout out to you cunt. I called this shit. Go look on broken play page I said you call first bird dude You cunt in the championship a strap on shot out of louis louis v legs in the building My dog gonna have that shit on. Oh, she got them shoes. Yeah, they're done Outside with them Like what are you trying to get at? He's drunk. No, he's drunk. He's drunk real wine. Anybody else want a joint white? Oh dot net don't raise the hand Somebody got a pack on them in this vigil. You heard you smell that? Yeah I'm about to leave I've been trying Bro, I've been trying but somebody got a pack on them in this mobile. Who is it? Speak now You fall with broken play you're gonna get some money man and and and the words of my boy Money bag Shake your ass a little bit. You ain't gotta shake it, but you're wiggling it at the camera You can first bad the bad champion Eric ain't doing poor minds yet. Yeah, she is at the old studio. Oh, that shit gonna go up I'm a part of the family. Y'all ain't invited me yet. You got to come too I'll be telling y'all I'm a softy God, I don't fold me no more. That's why I had to start my own shit Period, I'm scheme. Mr. Ray. I told you I'm scheming Bro, man, come on that shit. They said I'm 10 pounds lighter every time I go We won't We want to appreciate everybody for watching We appreciate y'all, man Okay, all right. Yeah breaking news We want to appreciate everyone for watching One last shout out to our sponsors blue chew is But if you Go to blue chew.com I want to try one The pigs is up shout out to prismic and the dicks is up No
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Education and Skills Committee - 3 October 2018
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www.parliament.scot
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The Committee will meet at 10:00 am in the Robert Burns Room (CR1)
1. Declaration of interests: Alison Harris MSP will be invited to declare any relevant interests.
2. Decision on taking business in private: The Committee will decide whether to take agenda item 6 in private. The Committee will also decide whether to take the consideration of its report on the Young People's Pathways inquiry in private at future meetings. The Committee will decide whether to take the consideration of its work programme in private at its next meeting.
3. Young People's Pathways inquiry: The Committee will hear evidence from—
Jamie Hepburn MSP, Minister for Business, Fair Work and Skills, Hugh McAloon, Deputy Director and Head of Fair Work and Skills, Jonathan Gray, Head of CLD Policy and Post-16 Programmes, and Murray McVicar, Unit Head, Learning Directorate, Scottish Government.
4. Subordinate legislation: The Committee will consider the following negative instrument—
the Special Restrictions on Adoption from Ethiopia (Scotland) Order 2018, (SSI 2018/272)
5. Review of evidence (in private): The Committee will consider the evidence it heard earlier.
6. Work programme: The Committee will consider its work programme.
Proposed future business
At its next meeting on 24 October, the Committee expects to consider its draft report on its Young People's Pathways inquiry. For further information, contact Roz Thomson the Clerk to the Committee, whose contact details are roz.thomson@parliament.scot or 0131 348 5222.
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Cwestiynau'r unig yma yn gweithio'r Cymru yn 2018. Rwy'n meddwl i chi'n meddwl i'n meddwl i'r mwybodol yn cyd-gwed. Mae'n rhaid i gyd yn cymorth gyntaf ar y cyfosig. Fel pwysig, rydyn ni'n meddwl i'n meddwl i'r Cymru, yn cyfosig ar y cyfosig ar Ysgriffau Ysgriffau, ac i'n meddwl i'n meddwl i'r cymorth i'r cyfosig ar y cyfosig, iddyn nhw'n meddwl i'n meddwl i'r cyfosig ar y cyfosig ar y cyfosig, Thank you very much. Agenda item 2 today is a decision on taking business in private. I would ask the committee whether to take agenda item 6 in private and whether the consideration of the report on young people's pathways inquiry in private at future meetings and whether to take consideration of the work programme at the next meeting in private to members' content with us. Thank you very much. I now move to agenda item 3, which is the fourth evidence session in the inquiry into young people's pathways. I warmly welcome to the meeting this morning. Jamie Hepburn MSP, Minister for Business, Fair Work and Skills. Also Hugh McLoone, Deputy Director and Head of Fair Work and Skills. Jonathan Gray, Head of CLD Policy and Post 16 programmes. Mary McIver, Unit Head, Learning Directorate and the Scottish Government. I invite the minister to make some opening remarks and maybe say just in general terms how the development of young workforce is progressing. Thank you, convener. I didn't intend to make too much of a substantive set of opening remarks other than to say I very much welcome the focus that the committee has on the particular inquiry that you are taking forward in terms of young people's pathways, the great interest that you have taken in developing a young workforce. Across the board, there is great support for that as a direction of travel in terms of the progress that this is making. I doubt that we will get into some of the detail there. My own estimation is when I go out and about and go into the school environment, work with the 21 regional groups that we have significant progress is being made, but clearly much more is to be done. I doubt that we will get into that in a few months' time. That's all I have to say. Just now, convener, I should say congratulations on your new role as my first time at the committee since you took the esteemed office. Thank you very much, minister. I'll move to opening questions. I think that Mr McDonald is going to come in first. Good morning, minister. We're halfway through, we're at the halfway point in a seven-year DYW programme that aims to transform the relationship between schools, employers and colleges and the preparedness for young people for the world of work. Are you satisfied with the pace of change that's been achieved so far? If you look at the headline target that we had to reduce the level of youth unemployment by 40 per cent by 2021 from 2014 levels, having achieved that early, of course I'm satisfied with that. In terms of the fact that we now have 21 regional groups covering the length and breadth of Scotland, beginning some innovative work quite different region by region, which is the approach that we wanted to see taken because, of course, each area has its own local requirements, its own local economic needs, different demographics. Having those 21 groups now embedded, all employer-led, beginning to create new relationships between or reaffirming existing relationships between employers and the school environment, that is good progress. If we see the increase in terms of the number of young people attaining vocational qualifications up by 17 per cent in August 2016 compared to August 2015, that has to be welcome. Undoubtedly, as I alluded to in my opening remarks in response to the request from the convener, there is more to be done. Clearly, this is a seven-year strategy, but the culture change that we want to see embedded has to go further than the seven-year period. It has to be embedded longer-term. That is not going to happen overnight. I believe that we have made good progress already in this early phase. In terms of the 21 regional employer groups that you mentioned, it is obviously challenges in trying to hit some of the relevant KPIs such as employing young people direct from school, employing them at a rate for young disabled people and positive destinations for looked-after young people. How important are those employer groups and how are you attracting the right quality and number of employers given that the vast majority of employers in Scotland are SMEs? There is always going to be a challenge. We find that a challenge across the range of activity that we have in place in terms of apprenticeships. For example, often a challenge in engaging small and medium enterprises. It is essential that we do so. In terms of developing a workforce agenda, it is going to be particularly the case in some geographies where small and medium enterprises make up an even bigger share of the profile of companies area by area. We are entrusting our regional groups to take forward that activity. They are the people who are best placed to do that. Indeed, some of the people who are tasked and charged with herring up those groups are themselves involved in working with small and medium enterprises. They are the ones who have the best knowledge in the ground in terms of their own local area to make the appropriate connections and we are entrusting them to get on with that. Again, it will go back to the point that I made. There is progress in that regard. I see that happening on the ground, but there is still more to be done. In terms of the point that you made about the qualities agenda, we have been moving in the right direction. I know that, for example, in the last period, we have seen an increase since the baseline figures were recorded in 2012-13 of 6.7 per cent points in the positive destinations of looked after young people in terms of employment rate for young disabled people. It is in line with disabled people of all ages shockingly low, unacceptably low. Of course, we have set out our ambitions to do much more in tackling the disability employment gap, but it is moving in the right direction. An increase of 8 per cent points compared to the baseline figure of 35.2 per cent back in 2014. We are moving in the right direction. There is positive progress, but again, much more to do. My final point is about that. There are now different pathways that young people can take. One of the table of information that we were provided with shows that there has been progress in encouraging people to look at the options for college or training programmes, etc. How do you reach out to parents who have a huge amount of influence on the options that young people have when they come to decide what they are going to do after school? That is the thorny topic. Fundament is the parity of esteem issue. We have no problem in the main. Obviously, there are still significant issues in terms of the attainment of the poverty-related attainment gap. Although again, that is closing. We see those from the lower income desiles attaining growth and attainment at a faster rate than those in the upper income desiles. In the main, there is no problem in terms of parents recognising and understanding the value of young people going on to tertiary education and higher education in particular. There is still a challenge for us in terms of broadening horizons and getting them to understand that there is just as much value in young people pursuing vocational pathways. I see that often enough in terms of when I go out to speak to modern apprentices and the great value they have taken from the work-based learning that they are engaged in. Many of them will say that their intention was to go to higher education and they have preferred this avenue because they are starting to get a wage more immediately than they would if they went to university. Yes, there is a significant piece of work to be done. Skills Development Scotland is actively engaged across a range of activity to try to ensure that parents are better informed of the options that their children can have in the school environment and just as critically, perhaps more critically, post-school. I met, along with the Deputy First Minister, the chair and the chief executive of Skills Development Scotland a few months ago and we were discussing this very issue. Skills Development Scotland is now actively going out and participating in parents' evenings in a way that they didn't before. There is still an issue of trying to get parents to engage even when that happens, but there is other work under way as well. For example, Skills Development Scotland are in the process of developing a dedicated site for parents to support, better support to their understanding of careers information and guidance. Also, earlier this year, in August, there was the National Action Plan on Parental Involvement Engagement. Family Learning and Learning at Home was launched earlier this year. It's a three-year plan that's been pulled together between the Government and COSLA with input from the National Parent Forum to try to work to this end of ensuring that parents are better informed about the choices that their children can have. I was hoping to ask the minister about equality of opportunity across the country. One of the key concerns for me, certainly representing a rural area, is that the challenges around DYW are different in different regions. To some degree, no matter how hard some of the rural DYW groups work, there is a limited pool of employers and that restricts opportunities ultimately for some young people. What is the Scottish Government doing to ensure that young people, no matter where they live in Scotland, have access to the same opportunities? We are taking a range of different measures in different ways. For example, for modern apprentices we introduced the rural supplement for training providers last year. That was the first time it had been put in place in recognition of the challenges that training providers and people engaged in the modern apprenticeship will face, the additional barriers they face, the additional hurdles they face in rural communities. That's an enhanced payment for providers in recognition of the additional cost. That was a success. In fact, we've broadened the scope, so last year the qualification was determined by local authorities, to the local authorities that we recognise as being most rural. We've expanded that so that it now falls down by definition, by postcode. If it's a remote rural area, defined as a remote rural area, or a remote town, then the training provider is based there and they can qualify for that enhanced payment. Far more training providers, far more people engaged in a modern apprenticeship are benefiting from that. Of course, colleges through the Scottish Funding Council have a formula to allocate extra funding based on rurality as well. Again, we're entrusting our developing young workforce regional groups. I'm sure that Mr Mdell has engaged actively with the developing young workforce regional group in Dumfries and Galloway. I have been hugely impressed by that regional group. All of our regional groups are doing great work, but the work that has been done in Dumfries and Galloway is very innovative. They had a fantastic job sphere that was held in Mr Mdell's constituency at the Crichton campus with children invited from across the entire local authority area. They supported them to come to engage with the array of employers that exist across the area of all sizes. They're also doing innovative stuff such as trying to ensure that they have sectoral groups feeding into their boards so that each sector within the area can have their interests properly represented. Again, that's very much led from a grassroots level in recognition of the people that we've entrusted with taking forward the developing young workforce agenda on the ground to understand what's best available in the area, the challenges that exist in the area, and if there's more we can do, then they can feed that back to us and we can consider it. I thank the minister for that answer. I was at the jobs fair in question and I know he was as well, but we missed each other very conveniently. I was leaving just as you were walking in the door. However, a number of schools weren't able to be present at that event because of transport costs. By the time the DYW group was in the position to offer transport to those schools, it was too late for some of those schools. They felt that the distance to travel to Dumfriesen, the amount of time it would take out of their day, and the level of staffing they had within their schools made that difficult for all young people in the region to attend. I understand that the positive measures have been taken across the board, but are the DYW groups in rural communities getting the same acknowledgement in their funding of the difficulties of delivering some of those measures in rural communities? Is that taken into consideration? Essentially, the way that any group was established as they come forward together, so it's not a top-down model at all, it would be determined by a group of people come together clearly through Rob Woodward, who is the former chief executive of STV, who we have asked to head up our efforts at a national level in terms of employer engagement with the groups. He was essentially reaching out to people, particularly in areas where it was proving difficult to get groups established and had that conversation with Mr Scott. I'm very pleased to see that we've got a very good and active group in his. The way that it works is that those people would come together and they would bring forward a proposition to the national group. If they thought that it was a good proposition, that would take account of the costs that they would forecast that would be involved in taking forward their activity. They would then come to myself to sign off on any proposition that they think is a good one. Again, that comes down to the group to take forward what they think they require. That said, of course, this is an experience of being informed by what happens on a practical basis. If a particular group finds that there is an impediment to a certain form of activity, we will consider it. Going back to Mr Scott's constituency, I had a very useful meeting with the chair, to show how different his group can be. There are three co-chairs in Shetland. I met one of the co-chairs there, who was raising the issue of additional costs from getting from an island community for chairs to participate in round-table meetings with other chairs. I've undertaken to take that way and consider it. If the issues are raised, we will consider them. I suppose that the other point, not that I want to be top-down and instructive on those matters, my expectation is that the recent Galloway's efforts, in spite of being your constituency, I wouldn't be entirely located in the Frees. Indeed, I know their undertaking activity across the entirety of the local authority area. Thank you for that. The final question that I wanted to ask was whether or not you felt that the balance was right between the needs of employers and the needs of young people, because there's another concern that's come up locally, where parents and teachers feel that the interests of employers, although they're very positive they're taking part in the DIY group, are doing a great job at building that engagement, but some employers locally who struggle to find young people willing to work, willing to stay in the region and work, the process ends up motivating bright young people who have the potential and have ideas to do other things, to stay locally, exactly for the reason that you were talking about before, where they see an incentive to earn money quickly, rather than considering all the career options that are available to them. Do you think that we've got that balance right? I think that's the fundamental point, so it's about trying to make sure that they are as informed as possible about the opportunity to exist on their doorstep. Now, it's always going to be the case that some young people will choose for whatever reason to... and it doesn't just happen, I know it's a particularly acute issue in rural communities, I wouldn't shy away from that at all, but also what happens in urban communities, young people may choose to move elsewhere for a variety of reasons, because that's just what they want to do. We're never going to be able to mitigate it against that entirely. What we can do though is try and deal with the issue of whether young people feel they have no option to move away, where actually there might be options available to them. This is a process of ensuring that employers can engage with the school environment in an appropriate fashion, not only to help better shape the curriculum so that young people can make decisions about the subjects they may want to study to get them into particular career pathways, but also sometimes just as simple as making young people aware that they are an employer on their doorstep. I've been quite surprised to go to communities where there's been an employer that's well established for a long time, could be employing quite a substantial number of people, and the young person will invariably they'll probably be aware that they're there, but they just won't have any idea what they do. If they don't have any idea what they do, how can they know whether it's something that they want to engage in? So again, that sputes of the need to have that type of engagement. The balance of interest, I don't see any conflict between the interests of the employers engaging in this and the interests of young people. Indeed, it's a virtuous cycle. It's an employer's enlightened self-interest, is the way I would describe it, to be engaged in this agenda. It's about then being able to give something back to young people in their community to help them with their education, so if through offering work experience opportunities, for example, they identify young person who is adept at and skilled and keen and interested in working in their particular company or business, they might then end up offering them a job opportunity. So I don't see any inherent tension between the interests. I think as we're just making sure that balance is correct, and I think broadly we've got that right. Thank you. Scott, you want it in? Ask just a couple of supplementaries. First I apologise to Mr Hepburn for not being in Shetland when he was there. It was anfield with my son, Mr Hepburn, and you'll understand the pressures that occasionally fathers have come under to take one sometime. Of course they won. It was worth it. Indeed. But I do apologise for not being present. Just related to Oliver Mundell's questions, two supplementaries on that line of thought. The first is both on work experience, because I'm sure when you were in Shetland it may have been reflected to you that while young people are entitled to one week's work experience in a senior phase, a lot of parental suggestion, near pressure, is for earlier work experience in the earlier stages of secondary school to help young people in the way in which you've just been describing. I wonder if you've given any thought, or the Government's given any thought, on how best to encourage more and earlier work experience opportunities for young people in the earlier phases of secondary school? I mean that. I think, again, that's got to be determined. Again, we can't be top down and tell each school what they've got to do. If a young person identifies an opportunity and a headteacher in his or her school feels that's something that they can support, I would absolutely encourage that to happen. If you're talking about on a systemic basis, clearly we seek to be informed by what we're putting in place here. I think it is appropriate that we have focused the work experience element, particularly because we want it to be meaningful work experience, particularly if we're talking about the Royal Art Foundation apprenticeships. I think that it's appropriate to have that largely focused at the senior phase of secondary school. That's not to say that if there are opportunities for earlier work experience that shouldn't be explored, that shouldn't be supported. Also, beyond just the provision of work experience, we should be ensuring that even in advance of secondary school, actually, within the primary school environment, for example, that they are engaged in making young people better aware of the world of work, the opportunities that exist for them to be actively engaged in thinking about how their learning can sit better with the world of work. There is, through developing the young workforce, a range of activity taking place early in the school experience, which has some specific and localised examples in Fife, Delgety Bay primary is engaged in thinking about creating education as an integral part of their school improvement planning. Busby primary in East Renfrewshire has developed a skills academy. Bornhill primary in Weston Bartonshire is engaged in thinking about enterprise and entrepreneurship. There are other examples of employment engagement at that stage. There has got to be a balance struck between that type of activity and what I think we would term a different experience as being a work experience. To take all that, and it's entirely fair. The point that I was seeking to drive at was young people who were probably going to leave at S4 or who do leave at S4 and what they have had to assist them in the choices they make. I take all that you say about the senior phase and what you say about primary school, that's fine. The specific point is about those S4 leavers. Can we do more for those young people at an earlier stage in school? I take your point about top-down. It's for the local delivery groups to do some work on, but do you have a view on that? Yes, I would agree. I think we can. That's a fundamental part of the ethos of developing young workforce in terms of the direction of travel taking careers information and guidance. Also, in recognition of the point that Mr Scott has made, we're now starting to look at how we deliver foundation apprenticeships, for example. When we first introduced them, they were very rigidly a two-year approach. We're now starting to explore whether or not actually we should maybe be a bit more flexible. For that very reason, because if a young person starts in S4 and decides to leave at the end of fourth year, they're not going to have completed that and got a qualification. I'd much rather that they might be able to do a year's form of workforce experience, get some form of qualification, and if they decide to stay on, they can continue to proceed to get a further qualification in fifth year. If they don't, then at least they've got some form of qualification as the end of the world of work. Again, with aptitude and model, it could be that the employer says that person's good, let's give them a modern apprenticeship. Indeed, I think the success of the foundation apprenticeship programme we put in place... Well, not solely we judged on this because we also want universities to recognise that there's a qualification for entrance to university, but ultimately it can be judged by its success and the number of young people engaged in a foundation apprenticeship who move on to a modern apprenticeship. Now, we're probably not quite there yet, but that's where I want to stand up. Thank you. Ms Fee. Good morning, minister. It's just a follow-up question on foundation apprenticeships. Can you give us a bit of detail about how the targets for foundation apprenticeships were reached? I think they have been reached on the basis of recognising that we couldn't just go on overnight and say that thousands of these are going to be delivered. So it's been a process of growth. Now, if you look at the overall trajectory of foundation apprenticeships over the last few years, we have seen that growth. So last year there were some 1200 or so provided the year before that, 1245 in the last year's cohort, which continues this year on the basis that I've laid out to Mr Scott. They are currently a two-year programme. The year before that there were 346. So it's very much on, and before that there were some forerunners to try and test better and see if it's an approach that would work. That's designed on the basis of, essentially, you're designing a new model of delivery of work-based learning in the school environment in a way that schools aren't used to. And also, frankly, Skills Development Scotland aren't that used to delivering that type of activity with schools. So you've got two different cultures trying to learn from one another if I can perfectly candid with you. So to have gone in and said, ultimately I want us to get the place whereby it's embedded and recognised just a normal part of the school offering whereby no means anywhere close to being there. If we tried to do that from day one, it just wouldn't have been possible. So it's very much predicated on steady and onward growth to get into the final point where I would like us to be that it is just a recognised part of the school experience. Again, that would help with the point that Mr McDonald has made about parity of esteem. That is a place whereby foundation apprenticeships are embedded within the school environment, recognises just the normal part of school delivery, then I think we'll break down a lot of these barriers, these issues whereby parents consider that the pursuit of academic education is superior to that of vocational education. To be fair to parents right now, if you've just sent your kid and the child as well, you're probably not that aware of what foundation apprenticeship is, what is it? So it's going to take a while for that to be recognised as just an inherent part of our school offering and when we get to that stage I think we'll have a lot less of this this concern about parity of esteem. When you say it's going to take a while and schools aren't used to foundation apprenticeships College of Scotland and the Chamber of Commerce have said that the Ten Foundation leads to confused perceptions there's been difficulties in recruitment due to poor promotion what is the Government doing to tackle that? At the beginning of last year Government pledged 3000 foundation level apprenticeships and at the end of last year that figure was reduced to 2600 was that figure reduced because of the confusion around perceptions of what they actually were or was there another reason those figures were reduced? I'll not apologise for setting out an ambitious trajectory what we need to do constantly is review where we are informed by practical experience so given that we have had as I say 1245 starts I think the ambition of up to 2600 was a stretching one for us this year I'll not apologise for that because I want to see us continue on that growth trajectory in terms of the point that you make around the language how we define it as a foundation apprenticeship I'm not hung up on the terminology I would observe that that was the name that was recommended by the report that Ian Wood took forward but if there's a better name for it then I'm willing to consider what it might be that said I don't want us to go through the constant process of reinvention because if you get to a certain stage where people start to understand something do we want to change it? Now to be fair we may be early enough that we can do that and I recognise the point that you make at a certain generation who went through standard grades there was such a thing as a foundation standard grade and there were maybe preconceived notions about the value of that form of study which I won't get into right now but that could be filtering through to the perception of what a foundation apprenticeship might be so I'm all ears if anyone around this table has a better name for it then I'm willing to hear it The target of 5,000 foundation apprenticeships for next year are you confident that you'll meet that? We will obviously see how many people have started and of course it's up to I think it's a point that we should make it's up to this number of starts it ultimately has a demand led programme so we need to see how many people take up the opportunities this year and we'll see where we are next year but right now we're working towards If the figure of 5,000 isn't a target but it's something that you're working towards if you don't meet the 5,000 to wherever you peak that will then become your target So is your target 5,000? It's to provide up to 5,000 places I want to see as many of them taken up but of course we need to make our decisions based on practical experience as well This is a learning process and I want to emphasise again that the the new understanding has to be between different forms of delivery models so we've tasked Skills Development Scotland are tasked with rolling out foundation apprentices they're used to delivering in a certain fashion schools are used to delivering in a certain fashion so we're still working to try and make sure that those cultures that are working are brought closer together I've got a 5,000 as an aspiration to a degree it's flexible It's not about flexibility it's about trying to offer as many opportunities as possible and then encouraging as many people to take those opportunities Now that goes back to the point that I didn't properly answer in your first question about promoting those opportunities There probably is more we could be doing to promote those opportunities Again that's something we are tasking Skills Development Scotland with There's inevitably a role for us as a Government coosla engaging with their member constituent local authorities and there's also a significant role for our 21 developing young workforce regional groups especially in encouraging employers to take part We can only offer those opportunities if we have employers willing to provide those opportunities We can go out with me put the contracts in place with the training provision that's the sort of straightforward part of it The more difficult task is getting employers to engage, now they are doing so we need more to do so and then thereafter getting young people to engage with the opportunity Because SDS last week when I asked this question they are confident that 5,000 foundation apprenticeships will be delivered It sounds as if they are more confident than Government if your target is up to but they were quite confident last week that they would be delivering 5,000 opportunities next year I'm always pleased and heartened to hear about the confidence of Scottish Government agencies in delivering the programmes that we trust them with Just following on from that slightly you've talked about the promotion of the foundation apprenticeships and what you're doing to promote them and how you're trying to get the balance right Do you think schools are doing enough to promote them because there was some concern that they were undermining the motivation in some aspects and some of them may be looking towards their figures as far as university figures go Do you think that schools are fully on board with this to get them embedded into the system? It will be mixed if I can be candid with you it will be patchy because for two reasons one the opportunities are searched they are now available in every local authority area they are available and if I remember correctly virtually all of Scotland secondary schools but not every framework is available across every local authority area not every framework is available in every school environment so that's why it's so important for us to continue to grow the offering as we grow the offerings we grow the number of opportunities then I think schools start to see actually this is a real opportunity for people to take up that's said where we are offering them they are being pursued by an increasing number of young people so that says to me that schools are doing two things they are letting young people know about it and even more importantly they're facilitating their participation through flexibility and timetabling which is no small undertaking for a school I recognise that but they are doing that to allow young people to take part there's more that every part of the system can be doing to promote them and what plans or progress do you have to measure how this is growing and the success of the system is there a way you're capturing data about how many schools are the uptake of it and apprenticeships yes we can measure all that so if the committee is interested we can provide detail of what's been available in the pathfinder projects and the two intakes the two cohorts of intakes that we've had thus far and I was asked this question by I think it was Ian Gray in the chamber while we make information public available on participation in foundation apprenticeships going forward of course will so it will all be publicly available because I'm interested in the when you have that information and the technical differences in my local authority area the schools are high achieving and pride themselves on the number of university entrants that they've got so I'd be interested to find out what the differences are throughout the country or within each local authority area on that and how close are we to getting any sense of that or any figures they will differ but we can break it down by local authority area on that very readily it is it will only be sort of raw statistical data so trying to get underneath what's driving that requires a wider piece of work I wouldn't want to draw too many conclusions at this stage because as I say we are still at the stage of growing the number of them so I've been pleased with the growth we've seen to go from 346 starts two years ago to 1245 last year I think any reasonable person will say well that's substantial growth in terms of your starting point that said to try and draw wider conclusions from 1245 starts I think would not be the most informative thing to do I think the critical thing for us right now is to get out there and to promote foundation apprenticeships and vocational learning in its wider sense is something that is of significant value for each school environment to to to participate in and even for Ms Mackay represents the constitution next door to mine so obviously she knows her area much better than I do but I'm aware of her area and yeah there are obviously schools that are doing significantly well in terms of academic attainment but don't tell me that there isn't aren't kids that are being left behind in those schools there are and we need to make sure that they are supported as well and we need to make sure they are supported through things like attainment fund, pupil equity fund so that they can have better academic attainment and also so that they can have positive outcomes in the labour markets that speaks to the necessity of ensuring that we have a good vocational offering as well although again that should be just targeted to those who might not have good academic attainment because I've seen enough young people out there who have now got five A's at their highest that's significantly better than I did at school because they've decided that it's a good opportunity for them to go on to do a modern apprenticeship and that's a legitimate option for them to pursue so the way I look at it ultimately convener is about ensuring that young people are as informed as possible of all the options they have before them can make informed decisions and explicitly recognise that each of those options are as valid as the next OK, thank you Mr Greer You might be aware the Education Scotland review of personal social education which came as a result of an inquiry that this committee undertook has published its phase 2 results and what they found was that the case load of a guidance teacher in Scotland varies between about 75 and 280 young people I think the average is around 200 Given the importance of guidance teachers in successfully implementing this agenda do you think that a guidance teacher with a case load of between 200 and 280 can provide the level of one to one support that young people require? I think we should be clear I want all teachers starting with in a specific school environment head teacher I would say downwards that's probably not the right way to describe it all teachers within each school environment through the leadership of their head teacher to embrace the developing the young workforce agenda I think we're starting to see that I think we should be clear though yes, our guidance teachers play a critical role in supporting young people we are not discharging the responsibility for delivery of developing the young workforce specifically in guidance teachers so it's for each head teacher to identify it's described a senior resource within their school environment to take forward the developing young workforce agenda that may or may not be a guidance teacher I would rather suspect I say boldly without having the evidence in front of me that it won't be guidance teachers in the main who are discharged with us although of course guidance teachers are invariably also subject matter teachers as well so to be clear it's not guidance teachers we are definitely tasked with taking this agenda forward there is also there has been a question about can we better support individual school schools to roll out the developing young workforce agenda with additional support so one of the things we're about to pilot a number of schools in the Glasgow area is a new member of staff who will not probably be a member of teaching staff to be charged with rolling out and taking forward developing young workforce within their specific school environment so I hope that that provides reassurance yes, I would recognise that guidance teachers to varying degrees in different schools depending on the school environment caseload is probably not the right term but I can't think of a better term significant caseload significant at the support of me and ultimately to a greater or lesser degree within school but we are not seeking to add the burden of the specific delivery of developing young workforce entirely on the shoulders of guidance teachers I accept that absolute minister it's not entirely the responsibility but given the guidance teacher has the primary responsibility for one-to-one support of the young people who are and caseload would be a term that the association guidance teachers would use so it's appropriate terminology but to move to SDS careers advisers we've as a committee very consistently not just in the course of this inquiry but over the last number of years heard substantial amounts of anecdotal evidence from young people about where the choice available to them is perhaps not really a choice that nominally a school might offer more options for their future pathways than they had done previously but on an individual level the decision has already been made for that young person and they feel that other people have made that for them when Skills Development Scotland ran last week I was asking them about this and I was wondering what your thoughts are on where a careers adviser sees that happening in a school, where they see that young people are not being given the individual choice that they should what role would you expect the careers adviser to take there, what level of engagement would you expect them to have with the school to address that situation? I would expect them primarily to engage with the young person to offer them the information advice and guidance that they would require to make an informed decision I would absolutely concede I've heard the same point made young people do often feel that they're not given the fullest information that they might require to make decisions about subject choice that will allow them to proceed through school, get the qualifications they require to move on to a career of their choice or they're just not made aware of the availability of different career options for them so I hear that too and that was a huge part of the reason why we tasked Ian Wood and the commission to come up with the developing young workforce recommendations and that's a critical part of developing the young workforce strategy you'd ultimately have to leave it to the individual judgment of a careers adviser as to how they would approach that matter equally they can't be imposing anything on a young person as well it fundamentally goes back to the culture of our educational environments about ensuring that parents, teachers and young people are all aware of the variety of options that they are out there and the variety of pathways that there are and just as the developing the young workforce group in Glasgow said there is no wrong path make it very clear early on that each of the options available is of equivalent value to the next Your right minister that the adviser's primary responsibility is to the individual young people if they have observed a structural or a cultural problem within a school like this that's something that they should be taking up with the management of the school or with the local authority is this a discussion that they should be engaging staffing I hope that any school environment is structured in a way that any person who is working there should be able to raise issues of concern with the senior management team I just want to say this issue about entitlement of young people in terms of careers advice what proportion of young people can expect one to one support from careers advisers My memory of that is that it should be available to all young people what we were told last week that might be something you might want to come back to us on because clearly because we were concerned I was concerned that there was a conflation between one to one and face to face Do you have a definition of what face to face careers advice is? My definition of face to face would be as we are right now sitting not necessarily across the table from one another but speaking to each other face to face although in some environments I would recognise going back to the points that have been raised about the challenges of rurality that might not be possible Is there a limit in the number of young people in the room when you are having a face to face support from a careers adviser? Can't answer that question Would you accept that it's relevant that if the careers service is saying we offer face to face and it turns out it's one occasion with 30 other people in the room that would be literally meaningless in terms of supporting young persons ability to make decisions? I think it would rather depend so actually I had the pleasure of going to North Berwick High School where they have a careers adviser in there that essentially takes a more or less like a class offering careers guidance and my estimation of that approach was it was working there I suppose the fundamental point is and maybe this is where I was slightly mistaken in terms of the way I answered your first question is that every young person who wants to request face to face meetings should be entitled to be able to get that but no, I mean if that was the only if it precluded the opportunity for a young person to get that type of approach and it was only offered as a room of 30 people then that probably would not be that effective That's something that you'd be willing to look at from anything else if it's one to one on the basis that you ask for it my view would be that those perhaps who most need it are least likely to ask and least likely to be in a position to ask and you accept that this may actually reinforce inequalities in terms of awareness about what options are available I think that that would be it would be helpful to us to know what you think an entitlement to one to one consultation whether that's the same as what was advised us last week and in terms to face to face clearly somebody coming in and saying giving a presentation on X, Y and Z is quite different from what the implication of face to face is which is there is an engagement as a dialogue about what options are available to you and I suppose in responding to this would you accept that the challenge is to deliver a career advice service to individuals that meet their individual abilities in the context of big numbers of young people yes, that's the fundamental point you make at the end is what we should have as an offering for our careers information and guidance we've already committed through a programme for government to have a review of careers information so that's something that we're doing we're committed to doing specific points that you've raised I'm very happy to take them on board I suppose I'd want some of it to be evidenced although I would agree with the perspective that we would need to make sure that the young people who needed the information advice most felt confident enough to ask for it of course that should involve them being reminded that they're entitled to ask for it and if that isn't happening then we need to look at that and we need to ensure that our systems work so that young people I've spoken several times now about making sure that young people are as informed as possible and ultimately this has to be part of the information that's related to them that they're entitled to this form of guidance share my concern then that the phrase that was used last week on face to face actually masks the challenge to the careers advice service because it can capture such a an event where there's one advisor and up to maybe 30 young people I think I would need to see the comment before I draw any conclusions as to whether I shared your concern I suppose I would make the point again that I don't think it's necessarily inappropriate for a group of young people to be brought together to have some form of careers information and guidance if that was the only form that would fail to them then yes that would be a concern on to look at the extent to which for some young people that is the only option they have given that the one to one provision is from what we heard last week different it's not universal what I can undertake to do is see what information and evidence we have to see if there is a systemic problem of that nature that that is the case but we can certainly have a look at it Dr Allan obviously our recurring theme today has been about parity of esteem and what developing young workforce had to say about encouraging a better understanding of options other than university I was keen to know whether you felt there was any measurable data or even anecdote that would suggest that young people's own experience of this reflects that ideal in their school experience have we anything to go on that would suggest that the attitudes are improving in terms of the amount of information that is provided about non-university options or when will that be measurable or is it like the French Revolution too early to tell I've not drawn my own conclusions in the French Revolution yet either Dr Allan certainly the evidence in terms of the numbers is the proportion of young people who are utilising college-based study in the senior phase of the school environment would testify that there is growth there and the growth in foundation apprenticeships would testify that more young people are becoming aware of the opportunity of work-based vocational learning so we can look at that in terms of the statistical information we have in terms of the awareness of the opportunities that's a harder thing to measure but I would go back to Mr Greer say that I too frequently hear young people saying that they haven't been made aware of all of the options but young people have actually not long come out of the school system and are at the next phase of their lives so the challenge for us is probably to ensure that we keep engaging with young people which we are doing through the 15-24 learner journey review in terms of the work that we undertook thus far we worked with Young Scot to ward that end and to engage with Youth Link to ensure that they continue to inform the work that we take forward through the 15-24 learner journey review and one of the other things again to demonstrate that we learn from practical experience that one of the things that Rob Woodward actually raised with me is perhaps we should be trying to ensure that there's at least one young person on each of the regional groups so that we can probably better understand the lived experience of young people in relation to the information and advice that they've offered actually is but to be candid right now yes I will hear young people say that they haven't been properly or fully informed of the opportunities that they have Again this may be related to that it may be difficult to measure too but I just wonder a number of people here today I think yourself included to the reality of parental attitudes and sometimes parental pressures around choices that young people make Is there anything you feel that is being done or can be done to try and in a sense educate parents as one of the biggest pressures on young people who are making these decisions to encourage parents to see these things in the same way and to have an idea of parity of esteem Well I would go back to excuse me I would go back to the answer that I gave earlier in relation to the significant body of work that SDS engaged in in terms of ensuring that parents are better aware of the opportunities that young people have through careers information and guidance so that work is happening and it will continue I suppose that finally the counter argument that you like to that and again you may have alluded to this but there are still young people who have parental pressure from the opposite direction obviously people who may be the first person in their family to think about going on to college or university who face not a lack of parental support but parents who find that to be a high risk option for various reasons who have an obstacle to overcome I take it from what you're saying to the site of the pressures that exist from the opposite direction is there anything that you're doing to try and make sure that doesn't happen? Absolutely Partly through the developing young workforce activity in terms of ensuring that young people are aware of all the options they have but clearly that's a critical element of the widening access work that I'm not leading on but the committee will be aware of in terms of access to higher education so, yes, that firmly remains in the radar I'd like to go back to something that you said at the start with regard to SDS now attending parents evenings and in your response to Alasdair Allan you also spoke about engaging parents and I note that the national parents forum submission talks about expectations on parents but obviously government can't enforce parents to engage if they don't want to engage they might not engage because what parents have control over is the consistency of offer across the country so, in a line of questioning to SDS last week I asked about what their average expectation might be on careers advisers in terms of how many hours they were spending in school do you have an understanding of that nationally is that data available to you in terms of an average careers officer a careers guidance officer in terms of what their engagement level is with schools? I don't have it before me now I can't say with a hundred percent certainty it does exist but we can certainly commit to looking at that and seeing what information there is I understand that SDS have a number of hubs that are available nationally the expectation from SDS is that half a day is spent in those hubs would your expectation be at government level that these officers are out and about in schools more regularly than they are in these hubs? Not necessarily because there is also the hubs that exist are of high quality and also of great value in terms of people's ability to not just young people incidentally of a person's ability to come in off the street and see some form of information and guidance there as well so I do think we have to strike the right balance we will always be willing to look and see whether that has been struck but I think it's an entirely appropriate thing for them also to base some of their activities at hubs because good work is done from there as well so I was able to go to I've been able to go to a number but I remember being at the hub that SDS operate in Inverness where they were able to bring a number of young people out the school environment to there for some practical hands on information advice and employers can come in there with young people too so there's I believe also a role for that type of activity I'd like to move on a wee bit to look at gender segregation which came up again last week and we considered with SDS I suppose in terms of subject uptake which is still a pressing concern and with regard to apprenticeships as well are you able to tell us a little bit about the Government's work around tackling gender segregation on that issue? Yes this is an issue of significant concern to us and that's we're taking a range of activity to try because ultimately it manifests itself negatively in a variety of ways most obviously in terms of the gender pay gap and that's the clear manifestation of the segregation by gender we see and subject choice and occupational choice or at least occupational outcomes because it isn't always necessarily by choice it's people picking careers around their wider life circumstances so yes we're trying to do what we can in terms of the STEM strategy to make sure that we're engaging with young people at an early age so that more young girls can be aware of the value of studying STEM subjects there's activity under way there and the STEM strategy which my colleague Richard Lochhead will lead on it was taken forward by Shirley-Anne Somerville when she occupied the the role of minister for further education, higher education and science he will be taking that forward now the STEM strategy continues to be rolled out and in terms of apprenticeships there is worked through the qualities action plan that skills in Scotland are working towards I should say we are inclined to think of that and I think we should primarily think of this as trying to encourage more women into areas like STEM STEM primarily but of course we also must be doing more to encourage more men into what are viewed as traditionally female sectors such as early years, learning and childcare there are a host of good reasons to do that not least because we are significantly ramping up significantly more people so we shouldn't be overlooking half of the population in doing so there as well so this is an important role, activity is under way and we will continue to take it forward just lastly on that gender segregation in schools I don't know if you can answer this point but does the Government have a view with regard to gender balancing classes in schools so for example could it be, it is still the case that you could have a class of physics students at national 5 level where there is only one girl for example does the Government have a view on that and issuing guidance to schools to stop that from happening no I don't think we do I don't think we could I don't know how that would work on a practical level I think it's far more important that we undertake the activity I've set out to encourage more young women to study subjects like physics now that said there is probably more that could be done to support young women who may find themselves in such a circumstance and I'm aware of certainly probably not at a school level so much but at a higher education level there's been networks formed of women studying in fact that is physics so that they can engage with one another even if they're not necessarily at the same institution but I'm not convinced that taking that type of approach would necessarily be one that would be effective Ms Vee, you wanted to come in on care experience Thank you, convener I wanted to ask the minister about support that's available for care experience young people and again it's a question that I raised with panel last week the minister will be aware that quite often care experience young people have quite complex needs and the percentage of care experience young people who reach positive destinations is quite low and it's increased by less than 2% so what specific support is available specifically for care experienced young people, what support is there to help and support them in terms of the proportion of young people with experience of care in a positive destination I mentioned it earlier I don't have it to hand now but I think it's increased by more than 2% but I don't underestimate the scale of the challenge it's somewhere roughly around I think 20 percentage points lower than the population as a whole that's clearly, totally and utterly unacceptable because again it manifests itself in terms of poor outcomes not just in the labour market but in life in its wider sense for young people with experience of care one of the things that when the Deputy First Minister is leading one he is trying to make sure that all government policy is informed by being aware of adverse childhood experiences particularly discharging his responsibility for the education and skill system and in that regard he held a very excuse me a very compelling conference at Bellaw Houston Academy in Glasgow a number of months ago which I attended all education ministers attended and a number of other cabinet secretaries and ministers attended to discuss how we can ensure that we are better aware of adverse childhood experiences and the experience of care being uppermost amongst them because if you're care experienced invariably there are other reasons for that so you have had a number of adverse childhood experiences in terms of support that we can provide of course we will continue to determine what we can do one of the things that I have done is for example in modern apprenticeships I have ensured that people with experience of care can get the highest level or qualify for the highest level of payment for an employer for their training for the training provider up to the age of 29 across all frameworks that's not the case for every person entering a modern apprenticeship frameworks so that's one practical in which we're trying to encourage employers to take on more people with experience of care there's also work under way I don't have the full details but we could get that in terms of how we can better support young people with care experience through the tertiary education system as well so we are alert to this agenda we're aware that we still have some distance to go there is also a wider body of work being taken forward at the First Minister's request looking at how we can better support people with experience of the care system across all areas of Government and again we can provide more details to the committee of that work as well I mean further information on any initiatives that are currently available would be really useful because it comes back to a point that Ms Lamont raised earlier about careers advice quite often the lack of availability of one-to-one maybe something that initially disadvantages care experience young people they come from a background where they may not be as confident they may need that additional support they may be less likely to come forward and identify so all of these things should be in place and the scheme that you talked about in relation to apprenticeships is welcome but something like that should be in place to support care experience children whatever destination they choose to go into STS launched its new corporate parent plan earlier this year it's setting out a number of areas of activity there should be an enhanced offer careers offer for young people with care experience by STS in terms of craze information and guidance but we are undertaking a range of other and of course young people generally who are at risk of disengaging or disengagement should be getting case managed by skills well in Scotland so they should be supported through the system we have in place already in terms of other specific forms of activity in Glasgow who are supporting young people with experience care they are a very impressive organisation led by a man named Ian McRitchie who would be well worth the committee actually contacting because he has taken forward a very impressive programme doing fantastic work supporting young people with experience of care system and achieve very positive outcomes for them so that's work we are beginning to support also working with Who Cares in Scotland in terms of trying to offer work placement opportunities as well so there is work under way there is activity happening inevitably there are more we can do and we will always seek to do what we can to support people who have been in the care system who after all we should be what should be uppermost in our minds is what we have a fundamental responsibility to because at some stage in their life it could be for a quite substantial part of their life that the state was discharged with responsibility for caring for them because I asked the questions specifically to SDS last week and they spoke about assessments and needs based matrices but were unable to give me an example of anything that they did that was specifically targeted at care experience young people so I'm grateful for the information that the ministers been able to give me today but they couldn't because I've just been able to so Thank you Can I just go back to the DIY W experience and just ask you what is the Scottish Government doing really to make it easier for business to actually support work experience and I'm thinking really in particular if you think of professions like medicine etc how is the Government helping the more disadvantaged to get work experience in these professions what can the government do? That would go back but we're dealing with that in a variety of ways so there is a few in Glasgow for example the city council runs a mentoring scheme and the Government is an active participant in that and is offered and they pair up with a specific school so I'm just going to ask you it's John Paul academy John Paul academy in Somerton that we support so yes the public sector can absolutely be playing a role in the national health service could be although of course we need to be cognisant that they are obviously very busy so we need to facilitate as much employment as possible with young people, with schools and that's something we have asked developing young workforce regional groups to do now if there's any particular impaired barrier identified then that's something we want to hear about and something we want to try and bring down because we want to ensure that employers across the board, across all sectors are part of this agenda okay thank you and how would you ensure that really best practice would be replicated across all local authorities what Rob Woodward who I mentioned earlier does is he brings together all of the chairs of the regional groups together on a regular basis he also brings together all of those who are employed by the regional groups as the development leads they have different titles but essentially they are tasked with developing the offer within their particular region who bring them all together and they have dialogue to learn from one another what they're doing, what's working well what's not working so well and they can link up and learn from one another so that is something that's written through our system we also have the Development Young Workforce National Advisory Group which is jointly chaired by Deputy First Minister and Stephen McCabe Councillor Stephen McCabe from Inverclyde Council who leads on education young people for COSLA they jointly chair that I sit on that group as well and they will also be looking to hear what has been effective and can try and advise on what our offer at a national level should be Thank you Following on from that question Minister with the regional operation of developing young workforce obviously the regional opportunities can be quite different across Scotland if we're talking about oil and gas in the north-east or in some of the ffintech industries in Edinburgh for instance that maybe aren't available to the other regions I'm thinking about the development of the fourth industrial revolution and how automation will change practically every area of our lives from care manufacturing and in all of these areas and I just wondered if there had been any work to ensure that we weren't repeating a regional disadvantage for people and how we were getting information about opportunities elsewhere in Scotland to areas where particularly there were problems I know that it's difficult because there is an element of work experience and that's a geographic element to this but how do we make sure that the opportunities for young people that are rid of all the opportunities across Scotland Fundamentally I'll go back to the information and guidance that they are provided hopefully as early as possible I mean there is an inherent tension I do accept we've got to get the balance right but fundamentally developing the young workforce is delivered on the ground regionally and it is designed to make sure that young people are aware of what's happening locally but also to give them experience on a sector by sector basis so they could acquire skills with a local employer that's transferable to an employer elsewhere so we need to try and strike that balance because you will be aware and some members around the table will be more aware than the others because they represent these very communities that there is a common concern in our remote and rural communities that young people have to have to leave to get employment opportunities elsewhere sometimes that's true but from what I am now encountering sometimes that's a perception more than a reality there are opportunities in those communities that young people aren't always availing themselves of so we need to make sure that they are aware of those opportunities to sustain and help, support local employers, local economies to try and ensure that young people don't feel they have to leave a particular area but equally, yes, they must be aware that there is a wider world there and if they want to go elsewhere then they should have that opportunity too On that point, I very much agree with what you are saying there are about the two realities of, I don't like the word remote but remote in island communities one is that the lack of opportunities sometimes but sometimes as you said the lack of awareness of what the jobs are I wonder if you could comment on a situation that may be common in other island communities as well but if you are a young person who is thinking about coming back from university to an island community certainly in the western isles there is no list of the available jobs in the western isles anywhere obvious for anyone to go to is there anything more that can be done at a practical level simply to make people aware of a list of vacant jobs Probably Skills Development Scotland will have a role in that they need to be up Scottish Enterprise or Dr Allan's case and Mr Scott's case Highlands and Islands Enterprise want to use their Labour Market Intelligence to know what is available they should be working with the raft of Count Managed Companies to know what is becoming available when they can work with Skills Development Scotland to ensure that they can help supply the labour to fill those opportunities and clearly the work that we are doing through the Skills Enterprise agencies review and now the work that is emanated from that can have a role to play so if there is more that can be done we will be willing to listen to that but certainly my hope would be that that would be happening right now there should be no impediment to it anyway Thank you Mr Scott, did you want to come in finally on the resourcing? Can I just ask a few questions to the Minister on your letter to the Committee on the 20th of September which looked at the funding streams under the 1819 budget and if I get this right there are seven different funding streams coming to £12 million or so and would I also be fair in saying that there's also potentially ESF funding that local authorities and other groups will be applying to and one or two other things as well in other words is the landscape too messy does this need to be you may have got this question when you're in Shetland here in terms of no matter how good the regional developing work force group is and the local authority there's a heck of a lot going on here some of it's bid funding some of it's formula funding some of it's administered by SDS which means a huge amount of bureaucracy do you think there's a bit of a chance to coin Dr Allen to take the guillotine to some of this? I think it was part of phrasing Dr Allen but I'm always willing to wind up Dr Allen as well Mr Scott this was actually not only was it I can't actually recall it was a question that came up in Shetland if truth be told but it was certainly a question that came up at the economy jobs and field work committee yesterday when I was giving evidence about employability programmes I think it manifests itself there actually more than in the particular landscape that we operate for within the school environment through developing your workforce but certainly through our employability programmes it can be a bit of a confused landscape now that's not to say that any individual element of it isn't doing good things in fact I cannot think of any element that I've encountered that I thought well that was a waste of time they're all doing good and valuable work at how coherent it might be because well I don't think it's up for question I think it needs to be more coherent and that's why we've undertaken the no one left behind agenda in terms of reviewing the various employability initiatives which will not exclusively be for young people but some of them are geared towards young people to make sure that there is reduced duplication and fundamentally actually to make sure there's greater awareness of what each offering is one of the big challenges I have and I've set this out yesterday is that a lot of in fact the landscape delivery is vested through local authorities and I don't know what each local authority is doing so one of the things I've done is on the back of no one left behind is right to a cosla to seek an agreement that we work together on a common basis to ensure that we have that more coherent system only to work with others as well the partner work and pensions they have committed that they will take part and will also need to work with the third sector and various providers as well and fundamentally of course those people who go through those programmes bringing it back to the formal learning environment of course this is also an element of activity through the 15 to 24 learner journey review that's probably not so much about there being a cluttered landscape that's probably more about the individual route a person might take and maybe there's a bit of concern that some people aren't taking as straight a journey as they possibly could in terms of their ability to articulate from one part of the system to the next there are enough people who qualify through an HND going on to the next element of higher education that they choose to at the appropriate level possibly not so these are things that we're looking at through that particular work as well for the 19-20 budget financial year next year would it be your intention to to have that work concluded and therefore for us to see a change in how this is currently structured clearly we're still going through the budget process we've got to be careful what I say right now my working assumption is that there will be some changes it will not be revolutionary next year I'm engaging in the talk of the French Revolution as well or can we talk about another revolution it will not be wholesale it won't be complete there will be some changes probably but a lot of the elements of what we have in place just now will remain thank you Ms Lamont I just wanted to go back to our previous discussion about a definition of a positive destination and I noted your letter that the UK Government with the Department for Work and Pensions doesn't give you the right information and the right information is not sought HMRCR and DWP it's well to criticise the real but probably not as good I mean why they wouldn't want to share the information I don't know but anyway and Skills Development Scotland doesn't ask for the right information can you confirm it still the Scottish Government's view that our zero hours contract is not fair work an exploitive zero hours contract so if you were able to get the information you would not define a zero hours contract as a positive destination well I've obviously set out writing this came directly as a result of your question to me at I think it was my last appearance at the committee to look at how we can better understand what the destinations are for young people now there are and you yourself have very concretely conceded that there could be and we have identified inherent difficulties in doing so because we are we can measure the proportion of people in the overall workforce that are on a zero hours contract on an estimated basis through the labour force survey but that is a sample survey how we measured of post school destinations we call them positive destinations now they've not always been called that of course they were different in terms of measuring those not in employment education and training that's done not through a sample basis and I think that's a strength of our system we can literally work out where people have gone so I wouldn't want to lose that to move towards move towards a sample basis if you can identify specifically where people have gone it can't be much of a leap of imagination to work out whether they're in a zero hours contract I can assure you young people know when they're in a zero hours contract they know when they're at the mercy of being on the road to it or not but if I can maybe I just think it would be really important that we have a sense that you would do whatever you could not to distort the figures on positive destinations with jobs frankly we would all agree are neither offering training or stability or guarantees of ours we're not distorting the figures that are very clear the figures are robust the figures that were laid out I mean positive destinations are the term knowledge we use inherent within any form of term knowledge we use they could be argued to be loaded terms so previously we used not an employment education or training we could revert back to that but that then became a pejorative term for those who are not in employment training they were referred to as needs so I don't want to get caught up too much what we define as positive destination or not what I am committed to doing I can answer the question in Islam and I've committed in writing I'll commit here again is to doing everything we can to better understand what the destination figures mean and that includes us trying to do what we can to establish how many young people might end up on what is term of zero hours contract in terms of the point you have made of young people standing up on a zero hours contract I think largely I would probably agree with that but we are also that usually informed on the basis of we are engaging with those who are campaigning organisations who do well understand what a zero hours contract might be so I suppose that the point I am trying to make is that this is not as straightforward as we might at first glance think it might be my commitment remains to look at this I've said that in writing we're continuing to do so and I'll be happy to come back to the committee at the earliest opportunity to see where we're getting to with that I very much welcome that last point you make I would make the point I mean I understand what you say about pejorative terms that not in employment education or training was seen as pejorative but pretty accurate whereas a positive destination for somebody in a zero hours contract is not accurate and I actually do think that young people who are sitting waiting for their order to come out and email know exactly what the limits and the rights are but in terms of taking it forward I wonder what conversations you've had with business in your definition of what fair work is because I'm concerned that increasingly businesses see zero hours contracts not as a way of managing the edges of the business but as core a core approach to zero hours contracts what conversations are you having and in terms of careers advice what role does careers advice have in empowering young people to define what is reasonable for them to expect from their work and what a zero hours contract is and critically the role of trade unions in enforcing young people's rights because actually one of the big gaps around zero hours contracts is not so much that there are not rights there are not employment rights for some young people but they don't know how to enforce them given the sport and advice around the role of trade unions and enforce them in a commend the union in better than zero on those people who I know of engage with you directly in the way in which they've been able to highlight these things but do you think it might be part of the core job of careers advisers to give people information about what a definition of an exploitative job would be and some work around for young people who are not doing modern studies wherever they may get information about trade unions but actually a senior trade unions is a place where you would get advice around exercising and enforcing your rights in the workplace so there's two questions well there's a lot of questions there but I think the two fundamental ones were what dialogue do we have with business around the fair work agenda constant dialogue and we are committed to publishing a fair work action plan by the end of this year which I'm charged with the responsibility of and that will be our approach to the fair work agenda engaging with businesses we of course have the business pledge from which we've been reviewing again in terms of trying to get more businesses to take that pledge, fair work is at the heart of that too so this is a constant part of the agenda that I am taking forward I mean it's in my minister's title I'm the minister for business, fair work and skills so in engaging with business fair work is an essential part of that equation in terms of the role of trade unions and informing young people the rights I would agree with you, I would commend Unite and the Better Than Zero campaign they have led I have been able to engage with the STUC's youth conference over the last two years I'll continue to do that and what we will continue to do is we'll continue to support the Scottish Trade Union Congress and its individual affiliate members through the variety of funding we provide directly to them through the trade union learning fund trade union modernisation fund some of which I notice we've come into criticism indeed the STUC has come into criticism for that's life, I'll take the criticism on the chin I think it's the right thing to do for us to work in partnership in that fashion and in terms of how we can ensure young people are aware of the rights I believe in a rights-based focus to education if there's more that can be done then we'll certainly be willing to look at that Do you believe there's a direct role for careers advice in informing young people about the role of trade unions in enforcing the rights in the workplace? I believe that we have a partnership approach with trade unions and we provide them with a significant resource for the purposes of education how they might be able to engage with the educational environment is something that I'm willing to discuss with them Minister, these are young people who are not in trade unions and asking you whether at the point where they're looking at the world of work there should be something done by careers advice that defines in some way what is a reasonable working environment and the role of trade unions because I'm conscious of the time the final point I want to make would you be willing to do some work looking at the extent to which business now sees zero-hours contracts as the model by which they deliver their business because I certainly see that anecdotally that is happening and I wonder if that's something the Government thinks it could inform or shape There's two things there let me commit to raising the issue with Skilled Milk Scotland, their inquiries, information guidance work careers advisors are qualified individuals asked to take forward certain work just now, we'd need to have dialogue with them around what we might expect them to be delivering within the scope of careers advice in terms of zero-hours contracts as a business model the labour force survey actually shows that they are reducing in terms of their as a percentage of the prevalence within the labour market in Scotland clearly they do still persist they exist to greater degree in some sectors rather than others I think it would be very difficult for us to define whether or not specific business is just viewed as a part of their business model but I'm happy for us to look at it and consider what we might be able to do I just want to make a plea to you in your conversations with business that you asked that question because I think you'll find in the hospitality industry even though they'll be able to assess how many folk they might come through their door on a given week very few people on the floor in a restaurant will now be in anything other than a zero-hours contract The flipside though clearly there are historical perceptions about the hospitality sector one of the things I'm now seeing is that they're increasingly investing far better in training and providing apprenticeship opportunities for young people as well to try and combat the perception I think we just need to be careful when we're talking about sectors because within sectors you've got individual employers and they'll have different employment practice but you know I I need to make clear when I am speaking to businesses on the fair work agenda across the government's zero-hours contracts the objectives of the fair work conventions framework the living wage and all the other areas of activity that I'm engaged in are a concerted part of my effort to engage with the business community Thank you very much minister for your attendance at the committee this morning thank you to your officials as well we will suspend very briefly to allow the witnesses to leave but I can ask the committee members to remain as we still have some public business thank you item in public is subordinate legislation we have received information subordinate legislation on special restrictions on adoption from Ethiopia Scotland order 2018 SSI 2018 272 I'd just like to ask any members comments to make on the subordinate legislation can we agree to note that thank you very much and we now move into private session
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Rafael Nadal Makes it 21; Football Bosses Disappoint
|
Playthings Season 2, Episode 3 | India's women were forced to withdraw from the #AFCAsianchampionships with a massive #COVID19outbreak. We discuss the way it was handled by those in charge. Elsewhere, #FIFA president Gianni Infantino made some ridiculous comments in his presentation to the Council of Europe in the context of his plan to hold the men's world cup every two years. We get to the bottom of that idea before celebrating the wonder that is Rafael Nadal.
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[
"#playthings #indiansport #india women's football team",
"AFC Asian Cup #wac 2022",
"wac2022 india",
"women's football",
"women's football India",
"praful patel",
"aiff",
"Indian football",
"420 grams",
"Thomas Dennerby",
"Rafael Nadal",
"Australian open",
"Dennis Medvedev",
"Gianni Infantino",
"Infantino racist comments",
"two year world cup",
"fifa world cup",
"tennis"
] | 2022-01-31T16:15:10 | 2024-04-22T18:35:31 | 1,905 |
y2ypOKt6zDI
|
you're watching play things of alien forces news clicks weekly sports news roundup update with myself to the Antani and news click sports editor Leslie Xavier. What's up Leslie? How are you doing? Yeah, it's been good. Just figuring out stuff with the sports scene happening. I mean, Nadal's victory. I was really impressed. At our age also, we can probably try something. So yeah, I watched that match and otherwise it's been like a normal sports weekend. A lot of action happening. AFC women's nation cup, for instance. And I was just following all these things over the weekend and figuring out. Yeah, yeah. So like you said, it's been it's been a busy week on sports grounds, sports fields, I think, all over with tennis courts or football pitches. We started actually last week with some pretty bad news from the AFC women's Asian Cup. In terms of host India's exit from that tournament, not because of what happened on the pitch, but because the COVID bio bubble, the bio secure bubble in which the tournament was being played was somehow breached. And almost all it turned out members of the playing staff and many members of the support staff contacted or were infected by the virus. And therefore India did not have enough available players to field a team in the schedule game against Chinese Taipei and had to withdraw from the tournament as per the rules that was put forth by the AFC before the tournament actually began. This was it was one of our biggest fears that the tournament will be hit by COVID-19. And I don't know, all of the preparations, all of the time spent, all of the effort that these players and the coaches and all of their staff have put in to preparing for it, especially for India, appearing at this stage after for the first time since 2003. So a long gap there. But all of that came unfortunately, the worst possible scenario is exactly what played out. And let's see in response to that, we have to have done a couple of shows on our other channel for 20 grams, where we concentrate on what's happening in Indian football, talking about whether or not the leaders or the leadership of the All India Football Federation, the people who were tasked with making sure that these women were kept safe and allowed to put their best foot forward, feet forward, in this sense, quite literally. What was their reaction to what happened, Leslie? What did we make of that? I mean, it's firstly, the thing is, I don't know the All India Football Federation, for instance, how they have looked at it, how the possible actions that need to be taken and how they have been silent about it. I would like to believe that they are doing so that they can wait out for the tournament to get over and then probably leading to the inquiry that is required. And it has to be a pretty much high level inquiry where outside some agency should be brought in. I hope that the sports ministry steps in, the government steps in and conduct a thorough investigation into what exactly happened. Yeah, I will say that we have discussed this in our shows and it's not about finding out where the players got infected, etc., but finding out how such a lapse could happen when it was very clear what is at stake. It's so seen set with the Federation officials, including Prabhu Patel, the president, coming out with weird statements like, don't point fingers. Of course, it's a time to point fingers and it's a time to point fingers with the right intent in mind to take this forward, not just to find the guilty party, but also to take Indian football forward. And that's at stake here. That was always at stake with the women playing the Asian Cup. So that gravity of the situation seems to have missed among the governing body of officials, the governing body itself. And at the same time, the women's football team coaches' statement, I mean, it's illogical to the core, right? He has come out blaming the AFC for lax protocols in the hotel that the Indian team was seeing. Apparently, statements that there were a few positive cases in the hotel staff and that was not conveyed to the team management. And also, hotel staff was not retested in the frequency that it was supposed to be tested. But again, we had this discussion in 420 grams, saying that presenting the case, the right fact that it was not in AFC's control in any case. AFC's overseeing body and the local organizing committee, which comes under the All India Football Federation, that was directly in charge in ensuring the bioburbalists kept intact. So all fingers actually point towards the Federation and how they conducted that random system. And it's unfortunate beyond words. And still, we are yet to get clarity on how the players have taken it fully. We are trying to, I mean, in that sense, there was a gag on them to remain silent about this till possibly. And I'm still hopeful that that investigation will bring out shed more life into it. And also, we would like to hear what the players are going to, I mean, what they went through in the past one week. And of course, they have to clear themselves of the, I mean, they have to test negative before they get out of the bubble. So the tournament has moved on, semi-final lineup is out. And just now it's, it's, it hits further when, aside like Thailand, for instance, played the quarterfinals and they are at stake for the World Cup spot also, qualifying spot also. So aside like Thailand is, we would like to believe that India had a fair chance of giving a fight. So, so that's, that's the point. So now it's, it's harder where we were, before the start of the tournament, we were talking about them leaving the group stage, managing to leave the group stage and also having a say in, in World Cup qualifying. And they just didn't get a chance to fight at all. And that's so unfair. And why, I mean, the degree of unfairness is, is, is astronomical when, when, when it's, it's evident that it's because of laxity on the part of authority. So that's, that's the thing. So one week down the road, I myself am still sad. So you can imagine what, what the stakeholders, the real stakeholders were, Indian women's football, what the players or the youngsters who were looking up to, up to these women to lead, lead the path, bring out Indian women's football onto the continental stage. They never got a chance. So I can just imagine how much they would, disappointed they would be. Yeah, absolutely. I'm gutted. I'm, I'm absolutely certain of that. I think the good bit of news from the India team perspective is that at least we know that most of the players and staff that did get the virus are doing well. Many have recovered since then. So no, no serious, serious cases from that point of view. So at least that some little bit of good news, not that it takes away in any sense from the disappointment that you were very rightly pointing out. And it's not, it's not, I think just the disappointment of what happened from the point of view of one tournament. But that, unfortunately, this is kind of just the way things are with women's sport and with women's football in particular is kind of half, half baked treatment that, that is given out. When on the one hand, we're going all out saying we want to host major tournaments and all of those things. But on the other hand, when, when it comes down to it and like you've rightly pointed out, I think the ministry needs to take note of this because I think some amount of public resources have also gone into ensuring that the team gets the little bit of exposure. We've talked earlier of how they went to Brazil and Sweden and other parts of Europe and to at least try and get some kind of competitive football because the other fact is that Indian football, women's football has been largely ignored by the Federation. The women's league hasn't happened in a couple of years. So no club level competition either. Fortunately, the senior nationals were conducted. And I'm very pleased to see actually on some of these new channels that have also come up that are focusing on covering what's happening in the women's game, women's football, women's football India and some other channels. And some of the players coming out and saying how well organized it was, good facilities, good training pitches, good, good sort of playing facilities and how pleased they were to be out there and, and, and you know, competing with women from around the country, at least all those states that managed to send in teams. Kerala was playing host to that tournament. But, but moving on a little bit, Leslie, like you said, the tournament has moved on. We're looking forward to some exciting semi-final action, at least four of the best teams. I guess from our pre-tournament assessment of it, there were always going to be five teams in the running for a semi-final spot. And predictably the quarterfinals between South Korea and Australia was very close, just the one goal in it, South Korea knocking out the Australians, which in a sense could be considered an upset, although, although Korea has a strong team as well, they've been, I think, in, in the last four finals, never having won it. But, but a strong performance from them. And of course, China and Japan both doing extremely well. So, so, you know, the, I guess, at this point, the, the, the kind of outsiders in, in this final four are the Philippines team who've done exceptionally, exceptionally well to reach the stage. And I think they'll be delighted. If I'm not wrong, Leslie, this means they've already qualified for the next FIFA World Cup. Yeah, they have qualified for the FIFA World Cup. And also, I just, I'm lucky that Japan and China are playing, playing the semi-finals, one of those sides, both sides deserve to be in the finals. But yeah, so South Korea, that way, I think, have a easier road, but not discounting Philippines' quality. That way, they are through the tone of, and they have showed that they belong there. That's why they are there in the semi-finals as well. And let's see how it progresses, because that's the beauty of being neutral, that way, that we can just enjoy the football. And I'm sure high-quality football will be the world-class football, because these teams have played at the World Cup multiple locations, and it's going to be fun in that sense. Yeah, really will be. Hopefully, once again, we don't want to get too much into it, because we still have this very real specter of Omicron around us. Yeah, so let's hope that those semi-finals and the final of the tournament, as well as the playoffs, because of that still matters in terms of World Cup qualification. Those things can hopefully proceed. Thursday, I think, is when the semi-finals are being held. Like we said earlier, we have a show where we talk about all the football stuff happening in India for 20 grams. We will be doing a post-match, well, after both the games, a show on for 20 grams. Hopefully, we're trying to get in some guests, including Bala Devi, who of course went off to Glasgow Rangers and spent a season, season and a half. Unfortunately, a COVID hit season as well, but still she spent some time there and unfortunately missed out on even that one match in the Asian Cup that India did play, the draw against Iran, because of injury. But she's very much a member of the senior women's national team, and one of the top talents in the country. So hopefully, we can get her on, and it will be, I think, great to hear from her. She would have, no doubt, spoken to some of the other players, her teammates, her clubmates, some of them. So she can give us a sense of that as well. So do join in for that show on Thursday evening around 9.30pm when the game is done. But Leslie, from here, now we'll put this topic to rest for the moment. Another sort of bizarre series of events in terms of football leadership unfolded when the president of FIFA, Gianni Infantino, he was addressing the Council of Europe and essentially presenting FIFA's proposal for hosting the World Cup every two years, as opposed to every four years the way it's currently held or has been since 1930. Now FIFA are looking at this, Leslie, because the World Cup is the men's World Cup, is really the only event, and I think the women's World Cup is now catching up on that front. But the men's World Cup is really the main event, it's FIFA's money spinner, Golden Goose, whatever you want to call it. So if you look at their kind of profit and loss books, you'll find that in World Cup years FIFA makes a profit and in other years it doesn't. So they want to have it more often, clearly include more teams in that process, making it a 48 team tournament as opposed to a 36 team tournament as it is now, if I'm 32 teams, sorry. So that expansion is actually already is happening, has happened. So the 2026 World Cup that will be co-hosted by the US and Mexico will have 48 teams. UEFA and the South American countries, traditionally the powerhouse is both one in terms of because they have some of the best players and end up winning the World Cup quite often, and Europe because it not only has some of the top teams in world football but also all the money. So they are both opposed to it because FIFA's revenues going up means their revenues going down and Infantino has gone on and said in a quite bizarre use of language that somehow hosting the World Cup every two years would give Africans hope and reduce the numbers of them trying to migrate to European shores. Leslie, your comments please on this. Bazaar is the word, maybe it's a bit of an understatement as far as word is concerned because I was going through it multiple times, the video as well as trying to make sense what this man is trying to achieve by saying this. It's very clear that he's trying to push for the two-year cycle for World Cup, but making this kind of a connection with African countries and African migration and which is a raging issue in itself but completely disconnected to football because as far as migration of football talent is concerned. So initially I tried to correlate whether this guy is talking about footballers traveling to Europe and whether for some reason, some odd reason a two-year World Cup would boost African football, club football, so much so that African talent can remain in Africa and make a decent living, make a great living. So I was trying to wonder whether he's mentioning that, then I realized no because he's talking about general immigration and completely out of his league, he was blabbering, he was clearly blabbering and as far as the two-year World Cup push is concerned FIFA should realize that they are going to mess it up because we have discussed this previously about how sport economy works these days, big sport organizing and how hostilities are not exactly in a great state of health after an event is hosted and in the case of FIFA World Cup, it's the country that hosts the World Cup and ultimately balance sheets, books, everything FIFA earns out of it, FIFA uses that for the larger good of football for sure but the country which hosts it, they're not necessarily earn a profit or get a rise in stature on par with what FIFA is gaining out of it. So if for instance a two-year World Cup is being staged after 10, 20 years, two decades, after 10 cycles, maybe they won't be any takers for the tournament. But expanding the tournament to 48 teams is great in the sense that it is in a sense more inclusive, more countries get a chance to play, definitely there'll be more representation from the Asian continent as well as Africa and I think the proposal for a two-year World Cup is largely being supported by some many of these countries who will benefit directly from that opportunity to play in the World Cup because of course it does also make money for some of the smaller nations in order to fund their football programs sometimes to the extent where an entire year's budget or more can come in as a windfall from various things like sponsorship money, television rights and other grants that FIFA gives out to countries that are participating in the World Cup year. But 48 teams means 48 teams being based in your nation for a month, you are playing host to these 48 teams that means you require each team has a base, a training base. So in addition to the stadiums that you need to conduct matches, you also need 48 bases which means hotel facilities, press facilities, training facilities, all in one location or close enough by the teams can access them, use them on a regular basis. Not too many nations have that kind of infrastructure available to even think about kind of hosting it. So I think if it happens at all, there will have to be some kind of a model where countries will share hosting rights, it will become more of a regional tournament, maybe like five European countries or five or multiple countries in South America or Africa wherever it happens where things are at least contiguous or maybe even not. I'm not sure how they envision the execution of this massive tournament. Let's just discount Africa and South America from it because I don't think they'll be coming forward because they are very unhappy about it because they have their own elite tournament, the Continental Tournament which is which has a global following for America. Every two years. Every two years and so huge following for that and you see it's a matter of revenue generation then FIFA and UFR should probably join hands together and ensure that the global bodies and the Continental bodies stay relevant because the real push and challenge is coming from I mean in a purely business sense it's coming from the club establishment. So we have had this discussion when World Cup happened 2018 World Cup when you were in Russia also I mean the doubt whether at some point the relevancy of World Cup is it valid at all because for neutral fans following a country being fan of a country and enjoying the World Cup a month tournament great but how far will it happen because as far as neutral fans are concerned the infiltration has come from European clubs now I mean all us I'm talking specifically about India or South Asia or countries which don't have a stake at the World Cup I mean which which would world do they follow which world they want to follow it's it's it's always blood football so FIFA should understand that look at look back at the history that is happening in Fentino and and the officials who are pushing for this it's the tournament how it started how relevant was it in for instance in in the mid mid 20th century when there were many countries including India who would look at the Olympic football championship as the holy grail as and the World Cup World Cup was still small in the 1950s World Cup was still small and it it took a few years it took so many decades for FIFA to reach where it is I hope that they understand that and I hope that they don't ruin the business model ruin the working model that is that is working so far I mean good for them and two years is a disruption two years not going to add or take football forward it is going to create fissures within the ecosystem within sporting governing bodies and it would be a mad fight of who's who wants to come on top and so it's it's as far as now is concerned it's a point like a pointers exercise because again the world of football is reeling and recovering football not just football any sport for that matter the sporting organizers the organizers are having trouble figuring out means including money to host tournaments and when these all these things are happening you throw in the standard into the world so let's let's let's just hope I mean if they are I think if the point is to expand or take football forward and that is the focus of these kind of moves then maybe what they should be talking about is having the women's World Cup every two years and the men's World Cup keeping it as it is because exactly I exactly that's that's a that's a I mean the best thing to go forward because then it also lifts stature of the women's game and also at the same time it's opening up an avenue for FIFA to explore a new revenue stream it's not it's a win-win situation for the game as well as for the body. All right okay we'll leave it there Leslie for this part finally Rafa Nadal your favorite player I see I mean like we talked before I think on this subject but the pandemic really has made us very much aware of who our friends are and who are who are not and you know while I have tons of respect for Novak Djokovic and his tennis playing abilities and for a long time he was a guy because you know he's a bit of an upstart and all that and challenging the greatness of Roger Federer and Raphael Nadal in a generation of I think men's tennis that was quite special I mean to to live through to witness to watch see these guys in action in in in the flesh against one another I mean it's been spectacular Nadal yesterday though taking it to to another level in in some ways and he was two sets down people were writing him off and I think they forgot who who's in the game Nadal of course you can you can never discount him but of course you look at his age 25 and he's playing 25 year old Medvedev who is considered one of the best hardcore surface players at present and in his prime world number two and yeah and in the absence of the top player of the world you expect the world number two to win it and then you get a hold right in front of you but Nadal's game so physically demanding and he has not changed at all and it's it's just I mean when I when I saw him play yesterday and make that come back and I was still the fifth set till the end of the fifth set towards the end of the sixth set you still know that Medvedev is winning I mean I have I mean if you look at the three great players you mentioned I consider Federer to be a noticeable all the other two just for his artistry and I tend to admire artistry more than anything else but Nadal's work ethic Nadal's kind of grit and fight that he brings onto the game as it's for a person who has come to fight sport that is one value that that you you just can't ignore you just I mean whatever the artistry whatever the other part of it and you just can't be without respecting that and then you bought it out you bought it out he is fighting pain he's fighting injuries he's making that come back self doubt whatever that is happening because it's very clear at certify you can't play at that level how we how is he managing to play we just understand it is in the mind and this is going to be a Nadal's here because imagine the next match now is old play and so I'm expecting him to extend the record a couple of this thing and also I'm a couple of trophies but also I'm expecting Novak Djokovic to actually catch up with Nadal and overtake him because Djokovic as a player is is he's still got a few more years and is is capable of winning a few more championships getting back to Nadal what is what makes him special is probably I mean beyond the game he has he has decently talented with this with his back end with his forearm with his top spins whatever but he also improvised yesterday against Medvedev brought out all his experience but also a clear strategy was trying to vary the length he was trying to upset the length with which he was returning to medvedev so that he gets and slowly he got into the game if you look at the first set it was it was one sided in a way and second set Nadal could have won it it was tight Medvedev I mean being the player is you can't discount him he keeps coming back at you coming back at you Nadal almost healed him then he broke back and that baker of course Nadal was leading again same thing and he came back and he won that but for a Nadal fan that probably would have been the moment they would realize see there is something special that is going to happen now because he was he had really he had measured him he had gotten him measured he had really third set again it it could have gone the other way because he was down by a break by four three break points and then from there the turnaround happened and when that was happening the only thing that you do when Nadal marathon comebacks happen marathon matches happen it's just to see enjoy enjoy what's out there and I'm just glad with with with by for being a sports journalist in this era where we have seen the greatest ever generation of tennis players and I I'm not even saying arguably here this is the greatest ever tennis generation as far as longevity is concerned as far as quality is concerned as far as records are concerned beyond power we we are just lucky that we were able to be tested and Nadal personally I've seen him in action in 10 years once and also in the Davis Cup in Delhi a few years back and just simply simply medical but yeah I was I was just saying that I absolutely agree with you man when when Nadal is on a roll like that all you do is sit down and you get yourself a you know refill of whatever it is that you're drinking and you watch till till the end of the ride because that's what it is and and I think he's someone who is inspired also fans across the world for the tennis he's and also the kind of off court stuff the kind of person he has shown himself to be or at least appeared to be so yeah congratulations to Rafael Nadal and and to us for being alive in this time to be witness to some of this greatness absolutely right between between you know Serena Williams and and Federer Nadal Djokovic it's been a special I think couple of decades for the game of tennis on that note I think we'll also put an end to this episode of play things thanks very much Leslie for sharing some of your thoughts on some of these I think quite interesting talking points from the world of sport that went by last week and even beyond that like we said lots more to look forward to particularly the AFC Asian women's cup semifinals and final coming up later on this week the final of that tournament is on the sixth of Feb being held in Mumbai if I'm not wrong so we'll be covering those matches on our sister channel for 20 grams so do join in
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Mastering Zotero - Unit 1, Module 3: Working with Tags
|
This is Unit 1, Module 3 of our online course on Mastering Zotero. All of Unit 1 is about organizing your Zotero library. Overall course information is available at https://youtu.be/Di8fQ7GetAg
In this video, we cover:
1. Where tags appear in Zotero
2. Adding tags manually
3. Using tag selector to manage tags
4. Using colors to manage your favorite tags
5. Renaming and deleting tags
6. What Zotero’s Automatic tags are
7. Working with Zotero Automatic Tags
8. Tips for working with tags in Zotero
These videos are non-interactive, but more fully-featured content based on them can be found at https://pressbooks.library.yorku.ca/masteringzotero/
Here's a direct link to the sample Zotero data referenced in this video: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ZpBCfr9J_C3GUFrFlgTa1TTheVOxpqIr/view?usp=sharing
This module was created and narrated by Kris Joseph.
|
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] | 2020-08-11T21:30:56 | 2024-02-05T06:44:27 | 1,003 |
Y2jB-yYsvB8
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Welcome to the module on working with tags in Zotero. It's one of the five modules in our unit on managing Zotero collections. In this module we're going to cover how Zotero works with tags. We'll cover where tags appear in Zotero, adding tags manually, using the tag selector to manage tags, using colors to manage your favorite tags, renaming and deleting tags, where Zotero's automatic tags are, and what they are, working with Zotero automatic tags, and tips, general tips, for working with tags in Zotero. To follow along in this module you need to have Zotero installed on your computer. You can get the software at Zotero.org. And for more information on the basics of using Zotero, see our online guide, or check out the Mastering Zotero guide on GitHub. This module also uses some examples from a sample Zotero library that I'll be working with. You can use your own Zotero library to try out the features that I'm covering in general, but I've also made the sample items that I'm working with for this course available for you to import into your own Zotero library so that you can see exactly what I see, and click along. To learn how to get and import those sample items, see the course setup module and come back to this one when you're ready. Now tags are a great way to supply keyword descriptions to your Zotero items. These keywords can be used to organize your library. You can use them to describe the contents of your library in nice clean ways to make it easier to find items later or to keep track of your work. Tags appear in a couple of places in Zotero. One is down in the tag browser, which is at the bottom left area of the Zotero window. Another place you'll see tags is on individual items in the item pane. Finally, you should know that in addition to putting tags on items, you can actually individually tag attachments to items. So if you have a PDF version of a journal article, if you have a web snapshot of a page, if you put images in your library, notes, for most of these you'll see that the tags are listed at the top of the item panel when you select them. For notes, however, you'll see them at the bottom. Regardless of where you see these tags listed though, they all work the same way. Overall, there are two ways that tags get added to Zotero. The first is tags that you add manually. You can add tags to an item in Zotero with the tags button in the item pane. Just click the add button and type in the name of a tag. So I'm going to add privacy to this article on resetting the privacy discussion. I'm going to hit enter and there you see the tag. Note that there's a little blue tag icon next to it. Now that blue icon means that it's a manually added tag. So this is a great method for adding tags one at a time. If you want to add more than one tag, say you're brainstorming a list, what you can do is hold down the shift key when you press your enter key after the first tag and then that little single tag field will expand into a text field. And then in that text field, you can enter multiple tags, one per line, and then just click outside the entry field or use the add button again to turn these individual lines into separate tags. So this is a really great way to do it if you have a list of tag in another document that you just want to copy and paste into an item or if you're just brainstorming and trying to come up with a list of tags that you might clean up later. Now once you've started to build a set of tags, you'll see that Zotero will try to auto-complete your tag based on existing tags that you've already got in your library. So here I want to add culture as a tag to this item and you see that as soon as I start typing, Zotero offers suggestions based on tags I already have in my library. This is actually a really good way to make sure that you're staying consistent with your tagging and reusing existing tags wherever possible. Now as you build a list of tags for your library, they're going to start to appear in the tag selector on the bottom left. I can resize this area if I want by dragging the divider between it and the collections area above it. Now these two areas are connected. When I have my library selected, Zotero shows me all of the tags in the tag selector across my entire library. When I select a specific collection item in Zotero, the tag selector shows all of the tags on items within that collection. So here I choose this collection related to Canadian author Miriam Taves. So if I go to Related Authors and Works, which is a sub-collection, I'm actually only seeing items from this small collection. And then of course, when I select an item, I can see the tags for that item on the right in the item information. But you'll see that the tag selector still shows me all of the tags in the currently chosen collection. It's an important difference, so make sure you keep that in mind so you don't get confused. Now there are some really cool things you can do with the tag selector. First, let's say I have my whole library listed, I have my library to see all the tags in my whole library, and I select a tag in the selector. For example, I'm going to select History. Now, all of the items with that tag will be displayed in the items view. So what I've essentially done is filtered the contents of my library to display only items that have been tagged with History. I can just click the History tag again to unselect it, and then the view returns to showing everything in my library. If I select more than one tag, I will see items that contain both tags. So if I select History again, and then I select Quebec, I see that I have item in my library tagged with both of those keywords. And of course I can deselect these one by one, but if I have a bunch of tags selected, I can also use this little pop-up menu in the bottom right corner and choose Deselect All to clear all of my selections. Note that the tag selector also dynamically updates as I choose tags, which constrains the list. So when I click on History, you'll see that the list of tags decreases. That's because Zotero's tag selector is only showing me tags for the items that are in my library, and at least at minimum have the History tag. So from here then, for example, if I add Montreal to my selection, the tag selector list updates again to show me the limited number of tags that appear on items that both have History and Montreal. In my items view, I only see two items, and in the tag selector I only see a list of the tags that are used together with History and Montreal. So let's clear all of my selections again using the Deselect All option in the bottom menu. This is going to reset my tag list back to the default. If I have a bunch of tags in my library, and I do, I can use the search bar underneath the tag selector to narrow down the list. It will update dynamically as I type. So as I slowly type the word Indigenous, you can see that my list slowly narrows to tags containing those characters in that order. You can click the little X at the end of the search bar field to clear your text and remove the filter. If the tag selector's way of dynamically updating this tags as you filter and type is confusing, you can use that menu at the bottom to select display all tags in this library. And when you have this turned on, you will actually always see all of the tags in your library. They will all be listed. And then when you have selected a collection or a tag on the left, any tags in the tag selectors that do not appear in that collection or alongside that tag will just be grayed out. So here with the Miriam Taves collection selected, any tags that do not appear in items in that collection turn gray. And then if I select fiction, the item pane shows me all of my Miriam Taves items that are tagged as fiction and all the tags that are not used in conjunction with that get grayed out as well. I have a lot of tags in my library and I find the grayed out thing a little bit messy. So to keep things more clean, I'm going to use the bottom menu again to deselect all to reset my selection and I'm going to turn off that show all tags option. But you can make your own choice. So this leads me to the next tip. There's another way to add tags to an item using the tag selector. Just drag an item onto a tag and the tag will be added. So I've just noticed that I forgot to tag Miriam Taves book women talking as fiction so I can add the tag manually of course or I can just drag the item onto the fiction tag to add it. There we go and see here it appears now in the list of tags on the book item. There's one more feature of tags that can be very helpful for focusing your work. You can assign a color to as many as nine tags. Now here's why this is cool. Let's say I am doing research on confederation as one of the many topics I'm looking at in my history course. I can right click on the tag confederation and then assign one of the nine colors. How about purple? And then I set an order or rank from one to nine. Now two things happen when I do this. So the first thing is that that tag turns into the color that I picked so confederation is now my purple tag and that tags with colors are always shown at the top of my tags list. So up to nine of my most important tags can be set so that they're always visible and that order or rank number actually dictates the order that they're showing in from one to nine. The second thing that this does and I like this a lot is that it places a little colored box on items in your library that have that tag. So with my full library selected now I see that I have two items listed with a small purple box and I can very quickly and easily see that I have two items now that have the confederation tag. So like I said I can assign up to nine colors I can change the order of them I can remove colors in any way that I see fit and I can dynamically change it anytime my whims change it's just another great way that you can organize your library and keep track of your work. Of course I can also rename tags or delete tags in Zotero. I can do this by right clicking on a tag in the tag selector and choosing the appropriate option. Now this will rename or delete the tag everywhere it appears in your library so this is actually a really nice way to manage and clean up the tags in your library. So for example here you'll see that I've used two similar tags in my library colonization and colonialism to describe items. Now I know that these words have slightly different meanings in different contexts but for the project that I'm working on I'm just making a subjective decision that I only want to use colonialism to keep things simple. So if I right click on colonization and rename that tag to colonialism what I've done is I've effectively merged those two tags together so this is a really nice and easy way to clean up and organize your tags to simplify them. Now the second kind of tags you'll see in Zotero are called automatic tags. These work mostly the same way as regular tags but the way that they get into Zotero and how they're displayed are a little bit different. Now for some database platforms like EBSCO or PubMed or even if you're looking in the library catalog using this Zotero connector in your web browser to add an item to your library can also bring in a set of tags as part of the information that it imports for an item. So here's an example using an article from the MLA International Bibliography Database which is on the EBSCO platform. So when I access this article and use the Zotero connector to import it into my Zotero library I'm just going to put it in the my library folder I get the citation information in my library. Now I haven't added it to a collection yet so that means that this item that I just added is going to be easy to find if I click on my unfiled items collection. Now you can see that the information tab here has the author, the title and the journal information which is great and it looks fine. Now if I go into the tags tab you'll see that I actually also have a set of tags that have been automatically imported. Now automatic tags are always shown with a small orange icon you see here. Now remember that your own tags are marked in blue. Now the tags that you get here usually relate to the keyword subject headings that have been supplied for the item but sometimes you'll also get author supplied keywords or other things as well it depends on the database that you're using for your import. So I can delete any tags I don't want by using the minus sign on the right hand side. So let's say that the 2000 to 2099 classification isn't helpful for me in my work so let's just delete that with the minus sign button. There are some things about automatic tags that you should know. First if I use the tag selector to rename a tag I'm basically changing it from an automatic tag to a manual one. So for example if I rename this gender studies courses tag to just gender studies it changes it to blue. It's not an automatic tag anymore because I've modified it. Now I have mixed feelings about automatic tags sometimes they help me organize my library because I might see keywords imported that I might actually realize are cool and I want to use but sometimes they just create clutter. If you do not want Zutero to import these tags at all you can go to preferences and then on the general tab which should be the first one you can deselect automatically tag items with keywords and subject headings and then Zutero will not import these automatic tags anymore. The second thing to know is that if you're okay with having the tags in your database but you don't want to see them all the time you can uncheck show automatic in the tag selector. If I do that now you'll see that the only tag listed for the unfiled items collection now is the gender studies tag which is the only blue tag on that article I imported. This does not hide them from the individual item view. You'll always be able to see the orange and the blue tags there. Finally if you have a bunch of old automatic tags in your library and you just want to get rid of them all you can use the menu in the tag selector to select delete automatic tags in the library. You'll be asked for confirmation because you cannot undo this once you've done it so I'm going to cancel this for now because I want to do that. I'm going to finish up with just a couple of general tips for working with tags in Zotero. Keeping consistent is going to help you. There are many ways to design a scheme for tags but you should choose principles that work for you and then most importantly stick with them. So if you're working with others on a Zotero library for example in a shared collection it might be good for everybody to agree on a common approach. Here are just a couple of examples of questions that you might have to answer for yourself. Unless the tag is for a proper noun and needs capitalizing you can generally use lower case text. Tags in Zotero are case sensitive so racism racism and racism all sound the same but they're actually treated differently in Zotero so sticking with lower case just keeps it from getting confusing. Now in cases where a noun has a singular and a plural form I like to choose one over the other. I prefer plural but it's really up to you so I might use case studies instead of case study and I'll try to be consistent about it so that it will end up with both tags in the library. I can think of a couple of examples where this doesn't work so the rule is not absolute. So for example in my library I have a tag called theater and a tag called theaters they're not the same right theater is a type of performing art and theaters are the places where performing arts are shown. Remember that the goal is consistency there aren't really any hard and fast rules for how to use tags just go with what works for you and then try to be consistent about it so there you are those are the basics of working with tags in Zotero in this module we covered where tags are located and used in Zotero adding manual and automatic tags using tags and collections to filter your library color coding your favorite tags and working with automatic tags all of this builds on the previous module about working with collections now in the next module I'm going to talk briefly about the related items feature in Zotero see you there
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179: Resiliency Radio with Dr. Jill: Gut Check: Reverse Disease & Renew Health - Dr. Steven Gundry
|
Get full transcript, audio, video & downloads of this episode here: https://www.jillcarnahan.com/drgundry
Welcome to another episode of Resiliency Radio, hosted by the renowned functional medicine expert, Dr. Jill Carnahan. In this captivating interview, Dr. Carnahan sits down with the groundbreaking medical practitioner, Dr. Steven Gundry, to explore the fascinating topic of gut health and its profound impact on our overall well-being.
Key Points
1) How a former cardiovascular surgeon stopped doing stents and realized he could make a bigger impact by changing the patient’s diet
2) Key overlooked nutrients for overall health and decreased inflammation: Vitamin D3 and Vitamin C
3) What foods you should be eating to create prebiotics and postbiotics for a healthy and diverse microbiome
Get your New Year Started off with a Bang, with Dr. Steven Gundry's Gut Check - https://amzn.to/41k8zdi
Steven R. Gundry, MD
Steven R. Gundry, MD, is the founder and director of the International Heart and Lung Institute in Palm Springs, California, and the Center for Restorative Medicine in Palm Springs and Santa Barbara. After a distinguished surgical career as a professor and chairman of cardiothoracic surgery at Loma Linda University, Dr. Gundry changed his focus to curing modern diseases via dietary changes. He is the author of New York Times bestsellers The Plant Paradox, The Plant Paradox Cookbook, The Plant Paradox Quick & Easy, and The Longevity Paradox, along with national bestsellers The Plant Paradox Family Cookbook, The Energy Paradox, Dr. Gundry’s Diet Evolution, and Unlocking the Keto Code, and more than 300 articles published in peer-reviewed journals on using diet and supplements to eliminate heart disease, diabetes, autoimmune disease, and multiple other diseases. He is the host of the weekly Dr Gundry Podcast and founder of wellness brand, Gundry MD. Dr. Gundry lives with his wife, Penny, and their dogs in Palm Springs and Montecito, California.
Dr. Steven Gundry's New Book - https://amzn.to/41k8zdi
Dr. Gundry's perfect for “new year, new you” resolutions, Gut Check: Unleash the Power of Your Microbiome to Reverse Disease and Transform Your Mental, Physical, and Emotional Health (Harper Wave). https://amzn.to/41k8zdi
DR. JILL'S NEW BOOK "UNEXPECTED" ORDER NOW! https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0B7T7QCMR/
In Unexpected, Dr. Jill Carnahan shares her story of facing life-altering illness, fighting for her health, and overcoming sickness using both science and faith so that others can learn to live their own transformative stories. Order now! https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0B7T7QCMR/
Dr. Jill is your Functional Medicine Expert specializing based out of Louisville, CO. She has countless free resources on mold, autoimmune health, detoxification, brain health, and more.
Dr. Jill's Website: https://www.jillcarnahan.com/
Dr. Jill's Store: https://www.drjillhealth.com/
Dr. Jill's Miracle Mold Detox Box: https://www.molddetoxbox.com/
For any Nutramedix or Beyond Balance products, call 303-993-7910 ext 4 or visit drjillhealth.com
To get your free guides on the following topics, visit the links:
Mold Health: http://www.jillcarnahan.com/exposed-to-mold-now-what/
Autoimmune Disease: https://www.jillcarnahan.com/autoimmune-disease-free-guide/
Gut Health 101: https://www.jillcarnahan.com/gut-health-101-free-guide/
Reduce Your Daily Toxin Exposure: https://www.jillcarnahan.com/reduce-your-daily-toxin-exposure-free-guide/11
Healthy Eating Tips: https://www.jillcarnahan.com/top-11-healthy-eating-tips-free-guide/
10 Steps for a Better Brain: https://www.jillcarnahan.com/10-steps-to-build-a-better-brain-free-guide/
Follow Dr. Jill on Instagram: https://instagram.com/drjillcarnahan
Follow Dr. Jill on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/FlatironFunctionalMedicine/
The views and opinions expressed on Dr. Jill LIVE! do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the host. Any content provided by guests is their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, organization, company, or individual nor do they necessarily reflect the views or positions by the host.
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Well, hello, everyone, and welcome to another episode of Resiliency Radio with Dr. Jill. Today, I have a special guest who I have long admired, and this is our first official meeting, but you're going to hear all about gut health and why the gut is connected to every single organ in the body, and if you're suffering from chronic disease that seems totally far removed from the gut, heart disease, cancer, auto-immunity, inflammation of any type, you're going to want to hear this podcast today because we're going to dive in as to how the gut is connected to all these things. So Dr. Gundry, welcome, and thank you so much for coming on the show. Thanks a lot, Joe. Great to be here and love to talk about the gut. Yes, me too. So let me introduce Dr. Stephen Gundry. He's a founder and director of the International Heart and Lung Institute in Palm Springs, California, and the Center for Restorative Medicine in Palm Springs and Santa Barbara after a distinguished surgical career as a professor and chairman of cardiothoracic surgery at Loma Linda, one of the blue zones, right? Loma Linda University. Dr. Gundry changes focus to curing modern disease by dietary changes. He's the author of New York Times bestselling book, The Plant Paradox, The Plant Paradox Cookbook, The Plant Paradox Quick and Easy, and The Longevity Paradox, along with national bestsellers, The Plant Paradox Family Cookbook, The Energy Paradox, Dr. Gundry's Diet Evolution and Unlocking the Keto Code, and more than 300 articles published in peer-reviewed journals on using diet and supplements to eliminate heart disease, diabetes, autoimmunity, and many, many other things. And we're going to dive into that today. He's the host of the weekly Dr. Gundry podcast and founder of Wellness brand, Gundry MD. He lives with his wife Penny and their dogs, Ann Palm Springs and Monticello, California. The Ceto California. Thank you. Thank you. That's a tough one. So welcome. Welcome. And what an amazing career with all those books and then the previous career cardiothoracic surgery. So I always love to ask my guests, what was your journey to medicine and how did you really transform into this integrative holistic doc where we look at root cause? Tell us your journey. Well, real briefly, I decided to become a doctor after reading a book in fourth grade in my public school library called All About You and I decided to become a doctor that day. So I had, I went undergraduate at Yale back in the Dark Ages and in those days, we were actually able to design our own major and it was basically you did a master's thesis and I chose to, my hypothesis was you could take a grade A, manipulate its food supply and manipulate its environment and prove you'd arrive at a human being. I actually defended my thesis and got an honors and I give it to my parents and went off to become a famous heart surgeon. So I eventually wound up at Loma Linda, California and Loma Linda University Medical School and I was a famous heart surgeon who among other things, I was famous for xenotransplantation, pediatric transplantation and operating on people that nobody else wanted to and there are a few idiots like me and so back in the late 90s, I was referred to gentlemen who I call Big Ed in all my books. Big Ed was 48 years old. He had inoperable coronary artery disease. He was from Miami, Florida and he, all of his blood vessels were clogged up. You couldn't put stents in them. You couldn't do bypasses because there wasn't many places to put a new vessel and he went around the country looking for idiots like me to operate on him and everybody turned him down and I'm kind of on one of those stops and he spent six months looking for somebody and he finally wound up in my office after about six months and I looked at his angiogram, the cardiac catheterization of his heart from six months earlier in Miami and I said, well look, you know, I don't want to break your heart but I agree with everybody else. There's nothing I can do for you. They're right and he said, well look, what you don't know is I've been on a diet for six months time and I've lost 45 pounds. The reason he's nicknamed Big Ed is he was 265 pounds when I met him but he had lost 45 pounds and he says that I've gone to a health food store and I'm taking a bunch of supplements and he literally had brought in a big bag and he says, you know, maybe I did something in here and you know, I'm scratching my professor beard and going, well, you know, good for you for losing weight but that's not really going to help this and I know what you've done with all those supplements. You've made expensive urine which is what I used to believe and he says, well, you know, come on, I've come all this way, blah, blah, blah. Why don't we get a new angiogram? Why don't we get a new cardiac catheterization? Don't get your hopes up. Okay. So the next day we get an angiogram and in six months time, this guy has reversed 50% of the blockages in his heart. They're gone and I'm looking at this and you know, I'm looking at the two and I'm going, you know, this is impossible. I've never seen anything like this and so the next thing I go is that, wait a minute, you know, tell me about this diet of 50 and so he starts rattling off what he's doing and I'm going, whoa, whoa, whoa, wait a minute. That's my thesis from Yale University of what, you know, an ancient man ate and I said, what the heck? And so I said, well, wait a minute, let me look at those supplements. Now, I was famous for protecting the heart in a bucket of ice water for 48 hours for heart transplant and I was famous because I had this concoction of stuff that I would put down the veins and arteries of the heart to protect it. And I started looking through his supplements and a bunch of the stuff I'm putting down the veins and arteries of the heart, he's swallowing. And it never occurred to me to swallow the dumb thing. So why, so pointed is I was 70 pounds overweight even though I was running a 30 miles a week, going to the gym one hour a day. I operated with migraine headaches. I had pre-diabetes. I had hypertension. I had such bad arthritis in my knees. I wore braces to run. And so I called my parents and said, hey, do you still have my thesis? And they said, yeah, you know, it's in the shrine. And I said, well, send it up to me and I put myself on that program and started swallowing a bunch of supplements that I used to put down the veins and arteries. And I lost 50 pounds my first year and so on and so forth. So I started putting my patients who I operated on on this program so that they would never have to get another operation because quite frankly, the vast majority of people five to seven years later, you're getting new stents or new bypasses. And I said, this gotta be a better way. So after about a year of doing this at Loma Linda and seeing the exact same results that I was seeing on myself, I said, gosh, you know, I've got this all wrong. Instead of operating on my patients and then teaching them how to eat to avoid me in the future, I need to teach them how to eat. And I'll never have to operate on them in the first place, which is really stupid for you're out of a job. Yeah. So I literally at the height of my career resigned my position at Loma Linda. And I set up a clinic here in Palm Springs, where I just ask patients, look, every three months, first of all, I want to tell you, I want to take some foods away from you. I want to give you some foods. I want to send you to Costco or Trader Joe's or wasn't an Amazon back then, buy some supplements. I want to do blood work on you every three months that insurance will pay for. And let's see what happens. And of course, I guess the rest is history. But for a career decision at the top of your career, it was a really stupid move. But I kept persisting and my wife said, you know, this is really stupid. But if we're going to do this, let's do it. So there you go. That's how it all started. Wow. I love that story in so many ways. First of all, I always say curiosity is the hallmark of genius. And you clearly from way back, you never lost that you still haven't. And that I think one of the things that makes great, not only physicians, but great scientists, because as we say, well, what if, or we ask these questions, right? And if we stop learning and stop asking the questions, then we get stagnant and we just do surgery or do whatever we've been told to do forever. So first of all, I love that. And that shows what a brilliant person you always have been and continue to be. But second, I always, I find interesting, my experience with medicine has also been that we're taught in medical school, oh, patients won't change their diet. So why even try, right? So we're kind of like jaded to come out to like, don't even go there because our patients won't be willing. And that's kind of sad because there's so much there. And there are patients that are willing. And then if we are passionate and we can show the data, obviously it's so powerful. And I feel like there's probably better education now 20 years after I graduated. But it's still, to me, it's always been sad that our medical education didn't talk more about patient and diet. Because again, we weren't, at least for me, it was more like total perintual nutrition. That was it, right? Well, interesting. I was just recently on Mark Hyman's podcast. And his daughter is a third year medical student. And so he mentioned to me, he says, so I, you know, honey, what do you learn in about the microbiome? And she said, what do you mean? And he says, what are they teaching you? She said, absolutely nothing. We have not been taught anything about the microbiome. And he went, holy cow, you know, what? Because there are hundreds, thousands of articles now, which is a transition. Let's talk about, because you and I know diversity is king. And that's such a core, core concept in the gut. Let's talk about that. Tell us a little about why is diversity so critical in our microbiome? And why does it have to do with the rest of the body? So, Abocrates, you know, 2,500 years ago said all disease begins in the gut. And I've now been spending 25 years trying to figure out how he was riding and he was riding. In fact, I don't know if you can see it, but behind me, I love it. I saw the beginning, I didn't see the last word, which is the road to health is paved with good intentions, intestines. And it's so true. The, you know, we've, we've only really recently discovered that there's this tropical rainforest living inside of us with, you know, 100 trillion organisms that, thanks to the human microbiome project, we actually know we're there. We used to think that the human intestine was a hollow tube and we swallowed some stuff and digestive enzymes and juices and acid extracted some stuff and whatever was left over. We pooped out along with a few bacteria and boy, how wrong we were. And really the part of gut check, to me, that's so exciting is that now that we know about these guys and we can individual what, what happens with this incredible community, it's like any ecosystem, the more diverse that ecosystem is, the more one species depends on another species and one species can take over for another species if there is a perturbation in the ecosystem. We now know that the whole same thing happens in our gut. And what's startling, I think to most people and apparently should be to medical students is that most of what we thought and we're trained in medical school is going to happen to us from any disease standpoint is under the control of one way or another of our microbiome and on our gut. And to me, at least the most empowering thing is you choose the disease process and you can change it by changing the gut. It's, I mean, it's really exciting. And no one could have even imagined this except apocrates, apparently. Right. Hey, everybody, I just stopped by to let you know that my new book, Unexpected Finding Resilience Through Functional Medicine, Science and Faith is now available for order wherever you purchase books. In this book, I share my own journey of overcoming life-threatening illness and the tools and tips and tricks and hope and resilience I found along the way. This book includes practical advice for things like cancer and Crohn's disease and other autoimmune conditions, infections like Lyme or Epstein bar and mold and biotoxin related illness. What I really hope is that as you read this book, you find transformational wisdom for health and healing. If you want to get your own copy, stop by readunexpected.com. There you can also collect your free bonuses. So grab your copy today and begin your own transformational journey through functional medicine in finding resilience. Right. Way back if we were to listen. So true. I mean, autoimmune is a classic one because everything on the immune, 80% of our gut or immune system is lining the gut. And so something happens there. I say it's like vagus, right? What happens there except it doesn't stay there. It affects the whole body. You obviously from your cardiovascular surgical point of view have had a big interest in the heart. Tell us about heart-gut connection. Is there any specifics there that? Well, again, it was kind of a big ad that really made me rethink this. Interestingly, one of the great fathers of heart surgery, Michael DeBakey, who I had the pleasure of knowing while he was alive, he always said that cholesterol has nothing to do with heart disease. That cholesterol was an innocent bystander and that how right I think he was. I've used the example in another book. Let's suppose I'm an alien sent down to observe what's happening on earth and to report back to high command. And as I'm looking around earth, we'll choose Los Angeles for an example. I noticed that every time there's a car accident, there's an ambulance. So that I could certainly report back to high command. I'm pretty sure that ambulances are the cause of car accidents because every time there's a car accident, there's an ambulance. So association does not mean causation. And I think DeBakey was saying that cholesterol was the ambulance. And cholesterol is basically, I tell patients, a spackling compound. And it's there to spackle potholes that are caused by inflammation. And that inflammation is actually the cause of the problem. And what's interesting, I think, where did the inflammation come from? Well, the inflammation actually came from leaky gut. And again, it all gets back to apocrates. So I would have thought that this was saw, was put to death, the cholesterol theory or hypothesis at the American Heart Association this year, where low dose culturacine, which a lot of people have heard of as a gout medication, low dose culturacine is an anti inflammatory substance. And low dose culturacine in maximally statin medically treated patients produced a 30% reduction in addition to what they had achieved before, just because it blocked inflammation. And the other thing that well meaning physicians don't know is that statin drugs don't work by lowering your LDL or APO B statin drugs work by blocking toll like receptors, TLRs, which call inflammation into play cytokine. And we didn't know this initially, but I just had a debate with a very well meaning cardiologist who just stood by said, no, no, no, it's, you know, it's lowering apple B. That is the cause of all this goodness. That's a side effect. Come on. So I love that you're sharing that because it really is a lot of these drugs and interesting to a lot of the drugs that we've used, actually have their action on the microbiome when we didn't even know it, right? And then we're seeing that downstream effect. And what you're describing is this endothelial dysfunction, right? The lining of the vessels, leaky gut, leaky brain, leaky blood vessels and all of this stuff then gets that cholesterol spackling that you described as really just sticky inflamed endothelium that draws the cholesterol to try to heal the process. And then of course, the stuff you saw with the cardiovascular disease, but it didn't really start with just an elevated cholesterol. So I love that you're really describing that clearly. So fascinating. And often I think auto immune, whatever we call that, obviously that's the immune system gone or riot attacking itself. But even on the endothelial level, a lot of it is really immune inflammation, auto immune related, and we can actually track that back to the cytokinesine. It's so fascinating. So one thing you mentioned earlier that I wanted to come back to is you were famous for keeping those heart to live for transplants. And you put that solution in there and those nutrients, and then you find out this guy, Tom, was Ed or Tom? Big Ed. Yeah, big Ed was taking these. What are some of the most core nutrients for the heart? I would love to know your list of the top four or five things that you think are critical for the heart. Well, not so much for the heart. But if I was going to have anybody take a few supplements and I've talked about this, vitamin D is number one. One of the fascinating things about vitamin D is that vitamin D is essential for preventing leaky gut. And I go into it and gut check in more detail than I have in the past. But vitamin D, we have at the base of our crips in the microvilli and we can get into anatomy if we want, but let's not bore everybody. We have a bunch of stem cells at the base of all these crips and the crips are at the base of microvilla. And the reason the wall of our gut is a tennis court in surface area is because we basically have a shag carpet in our intestines of these microvilli. And at the base of these are a collection of bacteria and stem cells. And those stem cells repopulate the one layer lining of our gut. But the stem cells are critically sensitive to vitamin D. And if you don't have enough vitamin D, the stem cells basically sit there and twiddle their thumbs and say, I didn't know there was a problem when you want me to do, but vitamin D actually kind of shoves them into action and differentiate. And early on, 80% of my practice is now autoimmune patients who really have not done well with traditional medicine or even, you know, with traditional treatments of autoimmune disease, biologics, which are transplant drugs, folks. And, you know, I'll tell my patients, I say, I didn't do a hard transplant on you when the ding dong are you doing on a transplant drug? And that tends to get their attention. So the interesting thing is all of these people have low vitamin Ds. And we've done a horrible disservice in teaching people what a normal vitamin D level should be. We've, I was taught, oh my gosh, once you get above 80 nanograms per milliliter of vitamin D, it's toxic and horrible. And in fact, that's not the case. The University of San Diego, University of California, San Diego, which has a huge vitamin D research unit, thinks the average American should be on 9600 international units of vitamin D, international units of vitamin D3 a day, 10,000 international units. And the recommendation is 600. And I make all of my patients have a vitamin D level above 100. Quest and Cleveland Heart Lab now say 150 is absolutely normal. And I completely agree with that. So vitamin D, the other thing that, again, I guess gets back to heart health. We're one of the few animals that don't manufacture our own vitamin C. And normally vitamin C, a fun fact, is manufactured with five enzymes from glucose, turn glucose into vitamin C. And there are five genes that code for these enzymes. We have all five genes. But the fifth gene is what's called a ghost gene. It's turned off. Us, new world monkeys and guinea pigs, the fifth gene is turned off. So what? Well, we think we turned it off because we were exposed to large amounts of vitamins C containing foods in the jungle. And so glucose is really good as a fuel for among other things storing fat. So it would be silly if you had plenty of vitamin C to waste glucose in making vitamin C. So we think that's why it happened. Well, vitamin C is essential to repair breaks in collagen and putting on my heart surgeon hat. When blood vessels flex, collagen is the rebar in our blood vessels, and that collagen gets exposed. And if you have vitamin C, you will re-nit that collagen back. My friend, Bill Sardy, who's now passed from COVID a few years ago, showed that you could breed rats with the same genetic defect as humans where they do not manufacture vitamin C, and they will live half as long as a normal rat. If you put vitamin C in their water so that they're drinking their vitamin C, they will live a normal rat's life as long as vitamin C is in their water. And he did some fun calculations that would predict that if we had a continuous source of vitamin C, we would live about 252 years on average. Wow. Wow. So time-release vitamin C, I think, is another really neglected, essential nutrient. And luckily, time-release vitamin C is cheap. It's easy to afford. And I have all my patients take 1,000 milligrams of time-release vitamin C once or twice a day. If that's really inconvenient, get yourself some chewable vitamin C tablets and just chew it four times a day. So that's two things that are really essential. Well, I love it because these are not expensive, and they're so accessible for every American, every human being. It's not a difficult thing. And it reminds me back my history. I had breast cancer at 25 Crohn's and celiac at 26. And guess what? I had a very severe genetic impairment of EDR, which is the vitamin D receptor. And I look back as I hear you talk. I know multiple things that contributed to that, but I am sure one of them was my severe deficiency of vitamin D going into that. And then, of course, chemotherapy caused the leaky gut, which caused my predisposition towards Crohn's to become activated. Now I'm free 20 years from Crohn's. I don't have it anymore. But I'm really, as you talk, I'm very much aware of the fact of how much vitamin D had an effect on my own health because I was probably severely deficient, not knowing I had that VDR gene. Yeah. I mean, in my practice, in Southern California, 80% of people who walk through the door are vitamin D deficient. And it's like everybody goes, that's impossible. It's funny all the time. And the problem is, of course, we've been convinced that we got to cover up with sunscreen and we got to protect ourselves with long clothing. And the exact opposite is true. But quite frankly, you really can't get enough vitamin C just by being out in the sun unless you're like Joseph Mercola walking in a speedo for- Right. In the coldest sun. So good. And like I said, I love the practicality of this DNC, so simple for people to get. You talk in your book, which we're going to talk at the end, where people can get your new book gut check, but about cultures and other cultures that sometimes they do a better job of Americans at getting the micro nutrients and diversity. What are some of the things that you've seen in other cultures or continents that are really key to maintaining how healthy gut that maybe we don't do well or that we're just starting to do? Well, one of the things that is fascinating to me, first of all, it sounds trite, but most of these cultures eat food whole. And everybody says you're supposed to eat a whole food diet, but we forget that the word should be actually we should eat foods whole. And these people eat a lot of tubers, quite frankly. The other thing that's striking is that almost all of these cultures eat fermented foods. And things as simple as yogurts, things as simple as cheeses. We forget that cheeses are fermented foods. And I spent a whole chapter debunking the blue zones. They I think should be called white zones. And I'm the only nutritionist who spent most of my career living in the only blue zone in the United States. So you can know a little bit about what I talked about. I have a funny story in the book when I was recruited to Loma Linda, and I'm not an adventist, but I was recruited and I met with the dietitians. And the diet was 50% fat, was mostly cheeses and yogurts and eggs. And I'm going, what the heck, you're killing my patients. You know, I'm a heart surgeon and you're killing them. And they said, look, Sonny, you know, we're some of the, yes, Sonny, we're some of the longest living people in the world. Why don't you just shut up and pay attention? And the other thing that struck me years later is everybody says, wow, you know, they all this plant protein and they eat a lot of nuts. We have nut everything at Loma Linda. But their main plant protein is texturized vegetable protein, TVP. What's fascinating is it's defatted soy that is extruded under high temperature and high pressure. So that the really nasty compounds in soy, lectins, are destroyed. And nobody wants to point out that, boy, the adventists look a lot smarter than you guys think. They're not sitting around eating tofu. They're actually decontaminating their lectin-rich food by pressure cooking. I didn't know that. That makes so much sense. Speaking of food, what is the optimal dietary or diet for the gut? What are some of the principles that you would recommend? Wow. Well, one of the things that I think made a real impression on me is the Sonnenberg team, the husband and wife team from Stanford. Everybody knows that prebiotic fiber is really important for our gut microbiome. It's what the gut microbiome eats. And that prebiotic fiber should be actually soluble fiber, not insoluble fiber, number one. Insoluble fiber. Things like, for instance, one of the best sources is Jerusalem artichokes, sometimes sun chokes, artichoke hearts, the cruciferous vegetables, which are great in themselves, but the vegetables like chicory-based. One of the easiest things to find on almost all grocery stores now is radicchio, that what people call Italian red lettuce. I'm shocked when I'm, excuse me, in Italy or France that every salad I think I have ever been given has chicory in it, whether it's radicchio, whether it's Belgian endive, whether it's frisee, whether it's chicory, every salad. And you start going, what the heck? Why are these guys eating this stuff? Well, it's a great source of prebiotic fiber. But getting back to the Sonnebergs, they took volunteers and they gave them a ton of prebiotic fiber, primarily in the form of inulin, which is in chicory. And they looked at their gut microbiome diversity and they looked at their inflammatory markers and they didn't see any change. You go, well, that's weird. So they took an additional group of volunteers, gave them the same prebiotic fiber, but this time they gave them fermented foods, primarily in the form of key fears, vinegars, yogurts. And it was only with the addition of these fermented foods that they then saw with the prebiotic fiber, the gut diversity improve and the inflammatory markers go down. And so I almost hate the expression, but it really does take a village to get what we need. So most people think of fermented foods as a great source of probiotics, friendly bacteria. They're not. They are a great source of post biotics, which are the products of bacterial fermentation. And there also, as I talk about in the chapter, dead men tell no tales, but dead bacteria do. And it turns out that dead bacteria are this amazing communication system to our living bacteria about what's there and what they should do. And it's just shocking to see what happens. So yeah, eat fermented foods. All of these cultures eat fermented foods. It's easy to do. I have my wife and I have probably 10 different vinegars that we alternate. Get yourself some goat yogurt or sheep yogurt, not the flavored or coconut yogurt. And have yourself some traditional fermented cheeses, believe it or not. Parmesan cheese, pecorino is great for you. Exactly. This is so great. And I love that you mentioned a couple of things as post biotics. And my work on a little bit of cardiovascular was that short chain fatty acids, butyrate production, those post biotics that are so core to anti-inflammatory. And now we can actually measure those in patient's stool or in some of the testing. But I see frequently that butyrate acid is very, very low. And that's one of the most powerful anti-inflammatories. And it comes from butter and cheese and also post biotics. The other thing you mentioned I thought was so profound and important for patients and people to hear today is that dead bacteria can talk to us. Because we thought for years, in fact, as I've been teaching you about diversity and acromancia, which is one of the keystone strains, of course, that tells if we have diversity or not. So if you lack acromancia totally, you're going to have less mucosal barrier, less diversity in general. And for years, you couldn't culture this in a row because it's very hard to culture and give. Now there is a company out there that has acromancia. It's dead. It is completely pasteurized. It's a dead probiotic, but their evidence is showing that that dead probiotic, as you mentioned, has a powerful anti-inflammatory effect on the body even though it's dead. So all this controversy years ago of do we take our probiotics with food without food, does the H2O kill them? Maybe it doesn't matter, right? Because the dead probiotic is still going to have that signal to the immune system. Yeah. I use the example. We have some rescue dogs, and a few of them are male dogs. And of course, they like to mark things, but more importantly, they like to sniff what other people's dog's pee has. And you go, what the heck? Why are you spending, you know, stop sniffing? What's so interesting? Well, that urine contains lots of information that they get that we have no idea what they're smelling. And what we now realize is that our living bacteria can read the code on these dead bacterial cell wall, and they literally get information from it. And just because we can't read that doesn't mean that somebody, the bacteria, can't. Wow. Amazing. Now you mentioned about 80% of your practice now is autoimmune, which is just becoming an epidemic. Women four times the amount of men. What would you say for autoimmune disease? Is there a few pearls that you would could give us here that you give to your patients with autoimmunity related to the gut? Well, the good news is that, and I've published this data, within a year, 90 plus percent of people with autoimmune disease are in remission. They're off of their meds, which is pretty doggone good. The first thing to realize is that everyone with autoimmune disease has leaky gut. Period. Get over it. 100% of my patients with autoimmune disease, whether or not they're eating wheat or gluten, have antibodies to the various components of wheat. Wheat, germa, gluten, and all the different forms of gluten, non-gluten proteins, 100%. So, and I have people who've been gluten-free for 10 years who have massive antibodies still, IgG antibodies to gluten. The good news is, excuse me, this goes away. It completely resolves. And does that mean you can have it again? Maybe if you go to Europe where they don't have glyphosate? Hearing the United States, I could tell you stories that we don't have time for, but glyphosate is just a disaster for us. It's one of the big mischief makers in autoimmune disease, and it's everywhere in our food supply. But so we get people to give up grains. The only safe grains in my practice are sorghum and millet. They don't have a haul. They don't have lectins. We ask them to pressure cook their beans and their lentils. We get to, we have them throw away their peanuts and cashews. Sorry. And we ask them to peel and de-seed tomatoes and peppers because they contain lectins. And we've had a great run, and that's how people end up in my clinic. But it's all in the book to, if you've got an autoimmune disease, it is a fixable problem. I promise. And does it take some work? Sure. But the good news is we'll get you back a lot of the foods that you want. The other thing I think is striking, great number of my autoimmune patients react to all forms of dairy and both egg yolk and egg whites. The other thing that surprises a lot of people is that almonds, even almond flour, even blanched almonds are problematic for a number of my patients without autoimmune disease. Gosh, I agree on all fronts. And it's stuff that is so important, but not many people are talking about it to the level that you are. So thank you. Dr. Gundry, the last question for you is, personally, you've done a lot of stuff in transformation, and you talked about your journey after your patient. You saw this transformation. What do you feel like is your most important key to longevity and health for you personally? Oh, gosh, I think you hit on it early on is one of the things that's interesting in traveling around the world, looking at these long-lived populations is these super old people have a mission. They firmly believe that they are there to help their community, to help people understand what got them there. And I guess it's this discovery. We joke. I've written a lot of books, and my editor always wants an outline before I start writing, and I refuse to give her an outline. And so we can't write a book without an outline. And I said, well, if I give you an outline, but guess what? Everything's going to change by the end of the book. Just write something down and humor me, because I'm not going to prove you doing this without an outline. And of course, every time I write a book, I go down rabbit holes of discovery, and I don't write a new book unless I've got something important to tell people. And I still see patients six days a week in my mid-70s. And so the reason I do this is you get to see, I get to see miracles nearly every day. And so that's I love that so much. I'm just in the midst of reading a book by Gladys McCary, which was, I think she lived to be 106. She was a medical doctor. She talks about the life well lived. And the first part of her book is the juice. It's the thing you're talking about. And I'm talking about what gets us up in the morning, what gives us passion and purpose and meaning in life, and how do we use that juice to transform people's lives and inspire. And clearly you've got the juice. So I love that. I loved how she said it, because at 106, she's like, you got to have the juice. Yeah, that's very true. That's very true. Well, thank you for your amazing work in the world. Gut Check is coming out January 6th. So whether you hear this right before or right after that, you can get your own. January 9th. Tuesday. January 9th. Yeah, always Tuesdays. Harper, it's one of the Harper subsidiaries. And January 9th, you can get it. Where can people find you? Where can they get the book? Well, they can get the book wherever books are sold. Please go to your local bookseller. They really suffer during COVID, as we all know, and they need our help. But Amazon, Barnes & Noble, Target, the usual spots. DrGundry.com. GundryMD.com is my supplement of food company. The Dr. Gundry podcast, wherever you get your podcasts, and my YouTube channels. And if I don't pop up on whatever you're viewing every morning on your cell phone, I've done something wrong, I guess. Oh, I love it. I love it. We'll go follow Dr. Gundry, find his resources, check out his website, and please get the book. This is going to be a game changer for all of you that are suffering from auto immunity, or really any chronic medical condition. Dr. Gundry, thank you for taking your juice and making such a difference in the world.
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The Future of Archaeology in England: Response to the Society's manifesto by Diggit Archaeology
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Iain Rockley and Natacha Chenevoy of Diggit Archaeology respond to the Society of Antiquaries' paper 'The Future of Archaeology in England: A Manifesto'.
This video is part of our 'The Future of Archaeology in England' seminar, held on 25 November 2022: www.sal.org.uk/event/future-of-archaeology-seminar
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[
"SAL",
"Society of Antiquaries",
"History",
"Antiquarian",
"Art History",
"Art",
"Archaeology",
"SocAntiquaries"
] | 2022-10-31T09:21:40 | 2024-02-05T06:08:41 | 600 |
Y2YKfuwqje4
|
Felly, ydych yn ymdweud y cyfnodol a y gallwn ymdweud i ddweud hwnnw? Yn da wedi'u clywed y cwestiynau, ymddech chi'n bwynt i'r teimlo cyfnodol fel y bydd y cyfnodol ac yn ymdweud y bydd ymdweud ymdweud, yma y tro cyfnodol yn cyfyrdd ar gyfer ar celfoedd. Ymdweud ei wneud y celfoedd yn ddechrau o'u cyfrifio'r sgwm. Cfnodol A i gwybod yw'r cyfrifio allwch i'r cyfrifio'r sgwm ar gyfer y pabell i Llyfrarch. company B is typing theirs up on Word and Excel, company C's archaeological findings are all put into read-only PDFs and their surveying data is saved as SVG files and company D of course prefers CAD files. Now all four of these companies are doing the exact same job with completely the same purpose but when they're sharing their results these different data formats mean it's a little bit like they're speaking different languages. And this is where we're at without data standardisation. It's difficult to do anything with one another's results unless we translate them all into the same output format and standardise the data. And when this data is standardised it brings a lot of significant advantages to each company. The first and most obvious of these is collaboration. With large infrastructure projects like HS2 collaboration is important. You need a lot of archaeologists and sometimes one company can't provide all of them. And if you've got data standardisation between the two companies working together then they can easily share the data as they're recording it and also easily share it with the clients and other interested third parties. Standardisation also benefits communication between all of us. Everyone here will have been working in a company where you've been doing an open area site and you've inherited that from a different company who was doing the trenching evaluation. And if that trenching evaluation, if all the data from that was put in the same format that you use in your own company it would make everything that much easier to get started quicker and to make sure you're not digging in the wrong place. And I know that last bit sounds a bit silly, but a friend of mine who's a supervisor once spent several weeks on an open area site and it was a Roman site not really finding many finds until they got a really significant small find at the bottom of a Roman pit which was a 2008 prescription bottle. And that point was when they realised that actually there had been archaeologically excavated in exactly the same area before by a different company. Now if there was standardised data and it was easily accessible these kind of time vampires just wouldn't happen to us. So it can really benefit communication. And lastly reinterpretation, we've talked a lot about archiving and really the whole point of archiving is so that future archaeologists and researchers can continue the work we've done and build upon it or add future insights to it to learn more from it. But in reality it's quite difficult for that to happen. If a lot of our data is on paper and it's in Leararch files well you think about how many context sheets there are on a site for example that's a lot of raw data and a lot of paper that no one realistically is going to flick through. If this data is saved digitally it's better but if it's not standardised it's still difficult to import into your own working practices and get going again. But if we can have data standardisation and I'm going to be saying those two words a lot today if I haven't already if we had data standardisation it would allow us to more seamlessly progress the work of others and push our research further. There's also the issue of our unity as an industry. Now without data standardisation we're all speaking in different languages and each one of us has our own small voice and we're talking over each other. Trying to lobby the government on key issues that affect everybody or getting the public to sit up and take notice is pretty difficult but if we standardise our data then boom! Our findings gain greater significance and we can speak together with one loud voice on issues that affect all of us. This gets people to listen and this is how change happens. By the way standardising data doesn't just create a big speech bubble it creates big data. Now what is big data essentially is when quantities of data are lumped together into groups that are so big that normal human beings, we can't really make sense of it, it's just too much but if all this data is standardised as big data then we can use software to spot the trends that are revealed throughout these trends and patterns, all kinds of things we can't see if we're trying to flick through context sheets. So big data is extremely important for our understanding of archaeology and it's also the evidence we use to justify our industry-wide needs and discoveries. Speaking of discoveries, big data can help us better identify and track large-scale archaeological phenomena and also trends such as changing environmental circumstances, population migrations, the growth and flow of trade and the evolution of technologies and fashions. In fact there's so much more that we have yet to learn or even know we need to learn because we haven't got the big data there available and it's not standardised. So there are loads of reasons why we'd all benefit from data standardisation but if the benefits are really that obvious, why hasn't it happened yet for archaeology? Well actually there have been plenty of moments where we have been standardising our outputs but it tends to look like this. We continue recording using the systems that we always have done and then we will export our stuff in our preferred formats and then once a job's finished a client or interested parties come back and say right can you standardise that please so we go back and we spend time and we standardise it and then it happens again and again and again. It's complicated, it's laborious, it's repetitive and basically it's by retroactively standardising our output it's like we're playing a giant game of whack-a-mole right except every whack takes several weeks and can cost up to a few thousand pounds. Understandably that is a game nobody wants to play. There is a better alternative and an easier alternative to standardising the output every time. And that's standardising the input. If everybody was to be using a unified standardised digital recording system then the output just takes care of itself every single time. Seems simple but as we learnt it really really isn't. There are lots of complex reasons why archaeology hasn't had one of these yet and that's a whole other presentation. So we're really just going to look at a couple of the main ones and the first is that the kind of software companies that could develop something really powerful for us they're just not interested. And you actually, it sounds harsh but you can't blame them right archaeology is seen as a comparatively small and heavily fragmented industry. Also our needs are incredibly subject specific and complex and they're almost impenetrable to an outsider unless you have to speak for a long time and even then they'll say okay how long will it take us, what's a market cost, what's a benefit. This is why big companies aren't really going to make something for us. But we all kind of know that which is why we've been seeing something pretty exciting over the last five years and that's that some of the bigger archaeological units have been developing solutions. Now as someone who loves archaeology and is a massive nerd and loves tech this has been so cool to see. I've been looking at all the different sea for presentations every time someone shares about their recording system we're glued to it, we plug it into the TV, watch on a big screen and it's fantastic what these companies have been doing and they've really been pioneering and leading the way for everyone else. I really believe that a rising tide lifts all boats or something to that effect and basically by these companies pushing digital recording it's got everybody to turn and look at the benefits of it because it really is the future of our industry so that should absolutely be applauded. But there are issues with some of the things that we've been developing. Now big sweeping statements here so don't worry but some of the software that we're using to make these solutions that wasn't designed for archaeology at all in fact most of it is office based software and this comes with intrinsic limitations. It has challenges in terms of complexity, connectivity and compatibility and again that's another presentation but the limitation of this software is one of the problems with it becoming ubiquitous one hurdle there. Another issue is commercial archaeology itself commercialisation allows companies as individuals to experiment and innovate but if an individual company was to develop a digital recording system that gives a significant competitive advantage for example if it makes our workflow a lot faster and saves a lot of time and make no mistake a good digital recording system absolutely does that. Well there's no incentive to share that because as companies in archaeology everybody survives by the work that they win tenders for so sharing this kind of innovation with competitors doesn't make any business sense again there are cases where this is happening anyway and it's brilliant. So these are two of the bigger problems as well. So what's the solution to each of these? Well in terms of office software being reappropriated and its limitations the solution to that is to code something from the ground up specifically for archaeology and with regards to the competition issues it needs to be done by someone independently. Well the perfect people to do that are big tech companies and unfortunately they're not interested in archaeology and this cycle perpetuates and this is something that I think is responsible for why archaeology as an industry isn't as technologically specific as others we use lots of great technology you know drones, SFM but we don't have any of our own stuff and I think that loop is part of the reason why.
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"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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UC640y4UvDAlya_WOj5U4pfA
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Lecture - 24 Phase Transformations
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Lecture Series on Materials Science by Prof.SK. Gupta, Department of Applied Mechanics ,IIT Delhi. For more details on NPTEL visit http://nptel.iitm.ac.in
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[
"Phase Transformations"
] | 2015-03-06T06:56:07 | 2024-04-23T23:47:20 | 3,306 |
y2jKz0Mg49I
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MUELLER, ниб kali ți Ellie , ți , . , ඈාවකත්ත. ඈාසට්හානයට්. ඨාචදති ගය්ද්,ර� Harris Balkorauන දට්තන්ත්ත් ජහාක අරමුවක්තද් වශාදය්ණ�跳 සැන්තද්නන්තයටදටක . වහීරන්රට්න nova ? සේණුන්ගද්ද්ත් න්ම්හ ගිුවසඊ ඉවමිකකාපිේමලන් ඩසාසින, ඉවෙලෙ මෙල මෙතන්ු, ඔටු ට ක් පානී ඟුලා්සීම දධද�cat, ක පානය පා පශ්ම්ුබඩිට කළඩෂල්තාෂක්, ඔට්න, ක anymore කනන්ු, පව കാനുരാ മായവയയയചരിൌവുചി്ഡിയായാÍുഩ്ചി്ചായായായുചിയുരായുുകിയുകിുകാനുനുകിു. సాన్ల్ల్. సిండిటిఌనతోా గాసివిలాన్య మరరడి. తోమెచికా పూల్సైతోవా తోవాన్తోా నిసాటివిహానిల్తోతోతోతోతోతోట్తా. సిండికాడిమరస� untu ителейummer 1 ි ස�わosaurus t optimus ැ. වහය වහළය වෙසුතාury chiron හැ. සේ ි වි වො නි, ව�繫 ඎ පිි වැපික් වතිේ් වෙසුතා.oft…..pton. food. food. ricae is still a distribution of our power tać වොල්සා වොිතාස වන්වයිවේ් එක්වක්මයිවේ. වුවිල්වයික්ම්වක්මයඔවේ්වෙහින් වධික්ම්වවීවික්වෝ. Commentative underestimation can be Gong-W speech and Exercise hoo aniu experi oranges acomodate Ramsay වේ්දුවවවහැ� rubbish ව සරමටිමඩමපා. සම්ක්ද වීශ අඅා. අ වක්රීලකර්කර. සමටුව� Extend හේ්ඥන් , වක්බැ අමට්ඪඤු ේිවිසම වකරීල. වක්රන්නා N潔 without.
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{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2jKz0Mg49I",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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|
UC-crZTQNRzZgzyighTKF0nQ
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Patiala Powercom Financial Crisis | 3100 ਕਰੋੜ ਦੇ ਬਿੱਲਾਂ ਦਾ ਭੁਗਤਾਨ ਨਾ ਕਰਨ 'ਤੇ ਮੁਲਾਜ਼ਮ ਦੁੱਖੀ | n18v
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Patiala Powercom Financial Crisis | 3100 ਕਰੋੜ ਦੇ ਬਿੱਲਾਂ ਦਾ ਭੁਗਤਾਨ ਨਾ ਕਰਨ ਤੇ ਮੁਲਾਜ਼ਮ ਦੁਖੀ | n18v
#punjabnews #latestnews #powercom #financialcrisis #news18punjab
Find Latest News, Top Headline And breaking news Watch your favorite newspapers News18 Punjab Himachal Haryana websites.
For All Live Coverage, Exclusive And Latest News Update, Watch The LIVE TV Of News18 Punjab/Haryana/Himachal, Catch The Latest News LIVE
News 18 Punjab/Haryana/Himachal is an exclusive news channel on YouTube which streams news related to Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Nation and the World. Along with the news, the channel also has debates on contemporary topics and shows on special series which are interesting and informative.
News18 ਪੰਜਾਬ/हरियाणा/हिमाचल एक क्षेत्रीय न्यूज़ चैनल है जिसपर ਪੰਜਾਬ, हरियाणा, हिमाचल, देश एवं विदेश की खबरें प्रकाशित की जाती हैं | समाचारों क साथ-साथ इस चैनल पर समकालीन विषयों पर वाद-विवाद एवं विशेष सीरीज भी प्रकाशित होती हैं जो की काफी रोचक एवं सूचनापूर्ण हैं |N18oc_Punjab
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|
[
"news18 punjab",
"punjab news",
"punjabi news",
"news18 punjab haryana",
"News18",
"chandigarh news",
"ludhiana news",
"Patiala Powercom Financial Crisis",
"patiala news",
"latest news patiala",
"patiala breaking news",
"punjab government",
"powercom office patiala",
"patiala news breaking",
"patiala update",
"punjabi news patiala",
"patiala powercom news",
"powercom news update",
"financial crisis patiala powercom",
"punjab news update",
"punjab politics",
"congress",
"AAP",
"BJP",
"punjabi news updates"
] | 2024-02-02T04:50:00 | 2024-04-23T13:28:43 | 326 |
Y28bSsYV3FQ
|
Punjab state power corporation ek war fair viti sankat da samna karande layi samne aare hai. Mamla ki hai, os di jaan kari asi lemake Punjab power com engineers association de jana secretary ne Ajay Pal Singh atwal o mere nal majood ne atwal saab nal gal kar le ne haan. Sir kishtrna da viti sankat hai to hona le samede bich jada viti sankat peyda hai to si gal kar le ne haan. O ho ragge ja ke kina ko prishaan kar sakta panjab na. Viti sankat khaas orte power sector warge ek hai je mahtam punal paag ja jide upte saara panjabi dependent hai. Ehe jaan den yog ek baidi hi jiruri jeez hai. De val jaan khachan vas te hi asi association alo protest vikita hai. Ta ki aam lokanda jaan vich cheeze aave. Hon ho ek ki rahe hai ji ke is samede asi maht mainge rate asi Bijli kheeridh rahe hai. Swear te shamdi jidi peak hai. Othe dasar pe tovi vad rate paar unit da saada aare hai. Te o diya payments hai, o boht stringent ne. Saar den de andar andar o payment karne hi humdi hai. Je nahi kar de payments samese hai. Ta onche penalties ne boht jada. Ta aave hi osche possibility hai ke panjab na jidi Bijli sepla hi hai, o baand kiti jaasak diya, baaki soobhe humdi hai. Eise karna hon o jade payasai de antijam kar na aste power com udhaar chak kre hai. Even hon add ki tha e halat hoge ne, ke tankhahaan vi keshtaan de vich power com de rahe hai. Ede piche jada mukh karna hai ji, o hai ke jade power com ek ahaja maht mainge ji ne cheez da cashwitch kheeridhini hai. But veg udhaar tviche rahe hai. Jadi udhaari jidti hui rakam hai jay, o samese hai wapas nahave, ta vidthi stiti damandol honi honi hai. Honi itte jadi cheete aandhen wali hai ji hui hai, ke sada jada sab to vada gaha kaya Bijli de ek hitar vich hai. O panjab sarkar hi hai, sab chidini hai rakam adake ho, sab kuch karki hai. Sada jada kul maria pichele saal dasi, panthali hiyaar crore plus si. Te ode vich ho lag bag bhi hiyaar crore sir panjab sarkar da hi dehn dariya ne. Jide vich ho, cholo sarkar wo lo samese dehn di kosh kiti jaan diya. Far mari moti hair fair wi, ode vich kui data agge kar diti hai, kui payment delay kar diti hai, samese hai naaditi hai, sada vasthe ek sankat khada kar diti hai. Te honi ho hi vapri hai. Te aaj jo hoya hai, ke aaj saanu agata Bijli pa aage jada kishtan kar dasi default rani hai, ke to si Bijli da bilni deh pare hai, hai nahi derho kishtan kar lo. Honi saanu tan kaha vi kishtan de vich meldri hai hai. Sir ki ek karna ki hai, jasita to si tan kaha digal karne hai, honi ala vidthi sankat bhi hai. Loan bhi le hai, te jada loan digal samane hai, o kis vaasthe le hai, te kui aga garmi da seezhan hona hai, ho hor bhi apak aise gade khaute khraab ho sakde ne hai. Te sarkar no mukh mantri kairan hai, ki asi poori koshish karne hai, pishini bari jada kata si, wo bohot kata kya siga, power com da. Par halat fairo se tarage ne te uskar ke sarkari jade aadare ne, ona de baasthe bhi recovery karne hai poge, jade payment hoona kani khardi hai. Sarkariye da aarayaan wala ji, to si baavadhya kitha hai, jada issu riyaz kitha, sarkariye da aarayaan wala saada kathisokroda rpaya khadha hai, te ode vich umeed bhi bohot kata hai, ke otho kui paisa saanu, samesar aau gavi. Asi asi mandi Eman yog vidh mantri ji no mele si, mukh mantri saanu bhi asi return che peel bhi kithi hai. Saada bhijhli mantri yao bhi asi baare wear ne, te aajya fair to ade madhim rahima appeal karanga, ke Punjab sarkar de jade bhaag ne hoona wala jada kathisokroda di defaulting hai. O paisa jalt to jald PSPCL no pe kitha jaave, taha ke jada vidhi sankata is chu langya jaasakhe, hoona ithe, ithe jade cheeje the note kar nwari hai, hoona hi PSPCL ne, jalo Punjab sarkar da vich boho gada yog dan rahe haa, haja aar koro dhrupe de vichhe ke thermal kri dhe haa. Te ohe jye apat tenne thermal kri saag desi, jye aaha defaulting da paisa, jye bhijhli boad kool hoon da, te Eme di, jade aaha mengi bhijhli jade is saanu baar ho lani pairi hai, jade is titi ubji hui hai, e Eme da kaam naa hoon da. Te ithe evi ek ke jada me thode te aan rahe, to adera hi loka ne te aana chahun ba, ho hai ke sade bathinda thermal nw toad dhta gaya, te ropa de do unit toad de gaye, te jye ho aaj je unit ithe bhijhli de hoon de, taha saanu inni mengi bhijhli baar ho na kri dhe nipendi, janwari mein ne de vichchi lag ba gis, sade sashto to 800 crore de vichhe, sir bhijhli kri dhe utte power com ne kharcha kitha hai. Te Eme na kharcha saanu na karna painda, si apne thermal nw rahe, bhijhli ka trade te banasak desi, te sade peela Punjab sirkar nw, ikhta ji sade defaulting de paise hai, utte jaan samesar, subsidy de paise aanu, insure kitha jabhe ke samesar hoon de rhan, te nale hi jada public sector de vichhe, state sector de vichhe, supercritical unit hai, ropa de te lehra ithe lai jaanu, taan ki bhijhli de kharcha kaat sakhe. Jee. So, engineer Rajepal Singh ne, jeena ne sirkar nw appeal kithi hai, ki Punjab de Mukhmantri es gawde uprighar karne, ki jade defalter ne sirkar hi bhipaag ne, sabto baad jadi rak me, o sirkar hi bhipaag ka ni khadi hai te, jo paise a power com nw milde hai, ta power com, vithi sankr de vich upar sakde hai te ho di jadi, vithi haalt hai, o baata thak sahi ho sakde hi hai, par jay kar jeha nahi hoon daa, ta aon aale same vich, khas tha aur te, garmide season vich power com nw, kaafi muskelan tha samana karna pauga, te es na nruksan Punjab de Lokan ho bhi ho gha. Patala to manoj shar ma, Nuzerteen Punjab.
|
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UCn3bPNog-8zWeen14diT-IA
|
Random Books I Think About Often (Discussion Video)
|
Welcome to Church of the Chair, where we celebrate all the things we do while seated. I'm your host E. and today I'm doing a discussion video. Let me know in the comments some books you loved that you can't remember anything about!
Super Chats and Super Thanks are appreciated! Even simple engagement (comments, likes, and yes, even dislikes) helps immensely. Thank you for your support!
Join the Discord! https://discord.gg/mZg9xTP3Qu
Get your first month of Scrib'd free: https://www.scribd.com/gae/5x69qm
AFFILIATE LINKS (Buying from these links supports the channel):
OUR KIND OF CRUELTY: https://amzn.to/43S1OPH
GUN LOVE: https://amzn.to/45dg1Yr
THE MERE WIFE: https://amzn.to/457MrDI
IN THE MISO SOUP: https://amzn.to/44UTe41
PARADOX BOUND: https://amzn.to/3OqNszQ
|
[
"edward lorn",
"paradox bound",
"peter clines",
"in the miso soup",
"ryu murakami",
"gun love",
"jennifer clement",
"the mere wife",
"maria dahvana headley",
"our kind of cruelty",
"araminta hall"
] | 2023-08-07T10:00:22 | 2024-04-23T14:33:43 | 755 |
Y2p38srr8ik
|
Welcome to Church of the Chair, where sometimes we cosplay as the Kool-Aid Man. Oh, yeah! I'm your host, E, and today we're doing a suggestion from Discord. Because this is a discussion video, it will be lightly edited if edited at all past the intro, but my friend, Nettles over on Discord had put something in the video topic discussion over there. I want to try it today, and that is top 5 random books that you think about a lot. Basically, books that stuck with you that maybe you didn't expect and why they stuck with you at random. Make it books you haven't discussed before. Yeah, let's do it! First up, we have Our Kind of Cruelty by Araminta Hall. This is a book that came out of nowhere for me. I got it off of a book of the month club when I was still a member, and this is the first book that I had read from Araminta Hall. I have since read two others, Imperfect Women and Hidden Something. I can't remember, it was one about the Titanic, and I didn't end up reviewing it because I didn't finish it. Not that it was bad, it just wasn't my thing. I'm not big into historical novels, and that was a little too much on the side of what I don't like, but with this one, this one made me think, and it pops up in my head a lot, especially when, this is going to be tricky to word, especially when put in a position to believe women. What I mean by that is, the book is about a stalker, about someone who doesn't initially come off as a stalker, but it just continuously gets worse and worse, and at some point in time in the story, I was on the stalker's side. And the woman in question, it should have been obvious to me right off the bat that wasn't the case, that the man in the situation was a hundred percent in the wrong, but I like books that make me think, even challenge maybe preconceived notions or whatever, also how some of us men come across as creepy as hell when we might not even see it. It opened my eyes to a lot of things, things that I had thought about before, because unfortunately even I have history with this. This is why I snicker when anyone says not all men, I feel like all of us, whether we're willing to admit it or not, has made an ass out of ourselves or has made a creep out of ourselves at some point in time, I was the back rub dude at work, and it had nothing to do with anything sexual in nature, I just like to comfort people. And I had no idea how I came across, and this was in my late teens, early twenties, I had no idea how I came across to those people, because I would give men and women back rubs when they were having neck rubs, not full blown back rubs, but I would rub their shoulders while they were down, especially rough night at the hospital, and it wasn't until one of my coworkers brought to my attention that it bothered and upset some people that I had to reevaluate everything that I had thought before, and this is a book that did the same thing to me, where I had to reevaluate how I came off and how I would react in a situation where I saw someone treating someone like the man in this book treats the main character. The next book is Gun Love, I think by Jennifer Clement. I haven't read anything else by this author, I'm not sure if she has anything else out or not, but this was a wild ride, nothing supernatural, nothing surreal, but it is just a very small story told in a trailer park. The main character is a little girl, there's a swampiness around, I believe it happens in Florida, and Gun Love, the title, you can imagine what it's about, it's literally about what's in the title, and I think about this book a lot. I do not remember a whole lot of the premise, but I do remember the dialogue being amazing, and I remember the alligators, I always get alligators and crocodiles confused, and I know not both of them are in the US, I believe we have alligators, we don't have crocodiles, but either it's an alligator farm or something along those lines, I remember that key plot, and for some odd reason that section of the book is always on my mind, not always on my mind, you get what I'm saying, I think about it a lot, and it pops up at random times, whether I'm watching something alligator related or not, it'll just pop up, I think the last thing that I watched is a Swiss army man, I believe it was, and this popped up, I have no idea why, but if you haven't read this one, I suggest giving it a try, it's one of my lesser known favorites, it's something that I got from Crown Publishing when they were still doing blogging for books, and this one really stuck with me very short, and it holds part inspiration for my novel South of Here, that and another, a documentary called Pervert Park, these two things combined is why South of Here exists. The next one I have is, I'm a big fan of the Beowulf poem, and since this has come out, this same author has retranslated it, although I do not own it yet, I've been looking for it, but it's The Mere Wife by Maria Devana Hedley, if I got any of those wrong, I apologize, but this is a fantastic retelling of the Beowulf mythos, and there's one scene in particular with a train, I believe it is, or it's a monorail or something along that, where you just, I believe it's just going through woods or mountains or whatever, but it painted such a unique picture in my head that whether or not my memory is accurate to the book, that's what I remember the most about this book, is a train weaving through trees and mountain regions and all that stuff. Also the artwork is something I come back to over and over again, I just absolutely love the way it looks, I love the color selection, orange is my favorite color if you didn't know, I have yet to read anything else from Hedley, so it's kind of like gun love in that aspect, where I didn't go and seek out anything else by the author, but I do hold this one near and dear. Of course in the video where I'm trying not to edit all the time, I keep having to clear my throat, so my apologies to those of you out there that didn't sign up for throat clearing ASMR. Next up we have In The Miso Soup by Ryu Mirakami and not Haruki Mirakami, two different authors, obviously. This book is, it's on my list for most disturbing scenes ever written and unfortunately the scene that I find the most disturbing is the scene that sticks in my head the most, I'm not going to spoil it for you, but if you've read the book or if you do read the book look for this section with the ear, I will add a little bit more to that and say that there is an ear that is cut off. It is where the ear is put after being cut off, makes this, puts this, cements it in my top five most disturbing things ever written, mainly because I've never seen anything like it and also how traumatizing something of that nature would be. So yeah, this one pops up quite a bit in my head and the only way I can get things like this out of my head is to write my own story with a scene like that, but I don't want to do it because it bothered me so much and I don't want to do that to anyone else, which is hilarious if you know my work. I do have some lines I will not cross, I do, they exist and what happens in this book is one of them. Lastly is a book, this is the second book I read from this author, both of them I got from Crown Publishing's blogging for books. The first one was called The Fold, which was an amazing sci-fi adventure. I believe time travel in The Fold would be the time travel. There's a bunch of plot holes in it, but I still had a lot of fun with it. You can look up reviews online to see what I'm talking about or if you've read it maybe you understand there's a bunch of inconsistencies as you get with most time travel books, but it was one of the first books that I read after I started subscribing to the idea Let Fiction Be Fiction and I absolutely had a blast with the book. That's not the one we're talking about though, we're talking about the book after that one, it's not a series, but this is the one he released after that. Peter Klein's Paradox Bound. This was absolutely amazing, it's another time travel thing, but the time traveling person honestly reminds me of Doctor Who and while I love Doctor Who and I love the novelizations of some of the episodes and some of the original novels in that series, this is the best Doctor Who book ever written and it doesn't even have Doctor Who in it. It's about a guy that travels through time in the same car and I just remember how cool it was, there's a person who's following on his tracks. I remember how cool it was the first time they got to ride together and that scene really sticks out for me in this book. There's a later scene also, but I can't even really describe it without spoilers because it's in the meat and potatoes of the whole thing and it's a plot twist. But that's another, those two things pop up in my head all the time, especially when I watch like time travel movies or I read a book that's time travel related. Sometimes I'll think about this one when I'm not thinking about anything having to do with time travel. Also, if you haven't read Peter Klein's and you just want a really fun book, I highly recommend anything he's done. I have not read his series, he has a series and I'm slipping my mind what it's called. Let me look it up. I have not read it. Let me flip through here. Oh, it's the X series, EX. It's got X heroes, X patriots, X communication, X purgatory, X isle. He also has one, pardon me if I get this wrong, but Sherlock Holmes versus the werewolf or something. He has something along those lines that is a repurposing of something in the public domain. It's something like that. But yeah, hello fun. I haven't read anything from him in years. I really do need to look him up. But yeah, paradox bound. So those, Nettles, there's your five. I don't know what to ask you guys at the end of this one. I guess just the same thing that I asked myself when I started this, which is, are there any books that just pop randomly into your head that you don't talk about often? And that's what I took from Nettles' post is something that I do know. Well, she said stuff you haven't talked about before. And it was very easy to pick these books because I was just looking around and like, oh yeah, that one, that one, that one. And I could have done a hell of a lot more than five. But I wanted to follow what she said. If you guys want to part two to this video, definitely let me know down there in the doobly-doo. Also, let me know if there's any books that just randomly pop into your head at any giving time, any given day, something that you enjoyed, even maybe something you didn't enjoy. Let me know all that down there in the doobly-doo. But until next time, I'll hell the chair.
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"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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UCfUKV41-9GHFSDgR9gLKYag
|
How to go Live on Instagram (IG Live Video)
|
Open the Instagram app on your mobile device. Click on the plus button on the top. Click "Live".
On the left, click the Title icon to add a title.
On the bottom, select a filter if you'd like.
Click the center bottom button (whatever filter you chose, or didn't choose) to go Live.
Once you're done with the video, click the X on the top right to end the video.
Later, you can go to the Live Archive to download the video.
**
The best of my videos:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKgVtpwuUQ1sziqRw_88cCzWcYAk1aik_
My instagram:
https://www.instagram.com/geokao
My email newsletter:
https://www.GeorgeKao.com/email
#InstagramTips
|
[
"George Kao"
] | 2022-04-30T22:20:18 | 2024-02-05T07:47:48 | 387 |
Y2ulelgTBE4
|
I'm going to show you how I do Instagram live. So let me go ahead and share my phone screen. All right, so first of all, say hello to my dog buddy. And I'm gonna go to the Instagram app. So in the Instagram app at the top, there is a plus button next to the heart. I'm gonna click on the plus button and then there's live right there. I'm gonna click on the word live. All right, so there it is Instagram live. Usually you start out at this button down here in the middle. That's the generic go live button, but you can use different filters if you want to. You can scroll through and see there, there are lots of silly filters you can use or fun filters. I usually use this one, bloom light, because I'm a little vain and want to hide my wrinkles there. So can't hide all of them. But anyway, on the left hand side, you'll notice there is a place to put a title. It's, there's a icon on the left side that has lines. I'm gonna click on that icon now. And then this is where I can add a title. I think it's a good idea to do so because otherwise, yeah, it just looks better when people join, click add title. Okay, so the title has been added. You can see the icon has changed color. And then there's these other icons you can play with if you want to. The third icon is to schedule Instagram live. You know, I've never really done that. So I'm not entirely sure what that's like. I just like to go live spontaneously to prevent my perfectionism. So anyway, I am now going to go live by pressing the center bubble on the bottom. I've already chosen my filter. So I basically will click that filter again and it says checking connection. And then once that little red live thing is on the top, it's recording. Now, you'll notice some of my live videos, it looks like I'm looking at the camera for like two, three seconds before I start speaking because I kind of wait until the, you know how it was kind of like pale and then now it's full, I can see myself normally. I probably usually wait too long. It doesn't matter because in the future when I repost a video, if it's a good enough video, I will trim the beginning. It doesn't matter, long story short. Usually you just have to test it out and usually when the live thing is there, you're recording, it's broadcasting to your people. And basically there's a couple of buttons on the right-hand side, the button on the right that's like three stars. You know, that one always confused me. I'm gonna click it again to see what happens. And it says, oh, I'm sorry. Yeah, the button on the right side is just to change filters. So see this one is a different filter now and this one is a different filter. So anyway, that's what that is. And I can always add a comment below. If I want to say hello to any boy, I can say hello through video but adding a comment is possible. I can also send this live. Let's say I have a fellow speaker and I could send this by using that. Sorry, let me turn off the filter thing here. The button, I can send it by clicking on the bottom right icon that looks like what you call a paper airplane. And oh, and then there's also this other icon. Anyway, play around with this stuff. I'm not gonna play with this right now. Play around with it, test live, see what these things do. If you have any questions, obviously comment below this video, I'm gonna go ahead and stop the live now by clicking on the X on the top right. It's very sure you wanna end this live video. I click on end. Okay, all right. So now this is the screen that is a little confusing. First of all, you can of course click on view insights. If you wanna, let me go ahead and see this here. Live video insights. I don't usually care about the live video insights because I upload it later and the uploaded video that stays for much longer is more interesting to me in terms of the stats. But what I wanna show you is the button in the middle that's this view and live archive. That's important to do. I'm gonna click on that view and live archive. When I click there, oh, I can click on the share button on the bottom. If I just wanna share it to my profile as a normal IG video, if I click on that right now, let me show you what happens. Now I can write whatever. I'm gonna click okay on this one. I'm gonna click, I can type caption and all that stuff but I'm not gonna share this right now because this is only a test. I'm gonna click on view and live archive in the middle there. And you can see, well, you don't know this but it's my video on the top left. That's the one I just made. I'm gonna click on that one video on the top left. Now I can click download on the bottom there and also the share button is there and the view insights button is there on the bottom as well. If I click on download, now this video is downloaded to my camera roll. That's very convenient because now on the camera roll that means I can post it later on whatever date of my choice, right? So the common question is, if you came to the live archive and you don't see your video yet, the reason is because they're still processing it on the other end and that's why it's not showing up. So if for whatever reason you don't see it, just come back to Instagram later and to get to the view archive, let me show you if I can get to, I'm gonna restart my Instagram app. To get to the view live archive, you just go to your profile, okay? Go to your profile and the live archive is on the top, I believe the menu on the top with the three lines, click on that one and click on archive. You see the second button with a clock archive, no live archives, okay, there it is, okay? Scared me for a moment. So there it is and you could, again, I could click on any of these and in fact, and download them to my camera roll if I want to. So anyway, I hope that helps. If you have any quick questions, comment below. If you have any other tips for other Instagram users regarding live videos, you can comment below as well. Thanks a lot for watching.
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"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2ulelgTBE4",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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UCUrmP8bnlC6z5WFCWFraFkA
|
MGC Meeting 2.28.19
|
Public meeting of the Massachusetts Gaming Commission
|
[
"Massachusetts Gaming Commission",
"Gaming Commission",
"Massachusetts gambling",
"Massachusetts casino",
"MassGaming",
"MGC",
"Boston casino",
"Wynn Everett",
"Wynn Resorts",
"Encore Boston Harbor",
"Wynn Boston Harbor",
"Everett casino",
"Springfield casino",
"MGM Springfield",
"MGM Resorts",
"Suffolk Downs",
"Plainridge Park Casino",
"Plainville casino",
"Problem Gambling",
"Responsible Gaming"
] | 2019-03-04T19:40:36 | 2024-02-05T08:50:50 | 9,202 |
y2vPZ4PCdkc
|
Meeting number 263 up in Massachusetts Gaming Commission on February 28th 2019 at 10 a.m. In our offices at 101 Federal Street here in Boston We will start with agenda item number two approval of minutes commissioner step-ins I understand you have two sets of minutes for approval. Yes. Good morning colleagues in front of you you have the February 14th 2019 public meeting minutes, I would move that those be approved again subject to correction for any Typographical errors or any other non-material matters Do we have a second? Second for the discussion All those in favor aye aye opposed unanimous The next sentiments from the February 20th public meeting they're Extremely short, but I would also move for the approval of those minutes again subject to any Typographical errors or any other non-material matters. Do we have a second? I? Move to approve the minutes. Oh, I'm sorry. Yes. I second for the discussion Those in favor aye aye and opposed unanimous vote Agenda item three It's an executive session The commission will now go into executive session pursuant to mass general laws chapter 30 a Section 21 a 3 for the purpose of discussing litigation strategy in the case of Stephen a win versus Karen Wells The Massachusetts gaming Commission win resorts at Given the posture of the case it is clear that a discussion of common Commissions excuse me strategy in an open public meeting would have a detrimental effect on the litigation position of the Commission The Commission will reconvene in open session at the end of the executive session Do I have a motion to go into executive session? Second Okay, I will take a roll call vote of the Commission to go into executive session Commission Commissioners Devins hi, which is an ego hi Commissioner Brian I Commissioner Cameron I in the chair votes yes Thank you The Commission is now in executive session all members of the public and any staff members not involved in the matter to be discussed Must leave the room. I'd ask that all live audio and video recording and live streaming be shut off in the doors To the room be closed. Thank you Good afternoon We're reconvening in public session The Commission received a briefing today on litigation strategy in the executive session in Compliance with the open meeting law which requires that any vote to be taken be listed on the meeting agenda a Vote was listed for the executive session The vote was put on the agenda in the event that the Commission needed to take some action based upon the briefing The Commission at this time today was not asked to take any action So no vote is needed and no vote will be taken. So, thank you. Thank you everyone here Thank you to those who are watching from afar. We thank you for your patience The Commission has just concluded an executive session and completed the necessary steps to finalize the Resolution related to the wind litigation in Nevada It is our expectation that the case will be formally dismissed in the coming days After significant and thoughtful deliberation the Commission executed this action after receiving advice from our legal counsel and the necessary Assurances from investigators that this Commission will receive all Material and substantive information required to make a fully informed decision The step also brings to a close the uncertainty of prolonged litigation and allows this important process to now advance We fully appreciate the public interest in this matter the Commission Myself and my fellow commissioners have asked executive director Bedrosian and team to prioritize the steps necessary to prepare the final agreement and Related executive session minutes for public release as soon as possible Given the fact that our deliberations entailed a significant amount of attorney client privileged considerations Appropriate redactions should be expected but we are Committed to transparency and eager to share an understanding of our thorough and careful Decision-making I would like to acknowledge the diligence of our investigators and legal counsel We still have a lot of work left to do But we are profoundly aware of the effort that has gone into this incredibly complex process. I Would like to ask now executive director Bedrosian to provide a status for next steps and describe what we should expect for a timeline as We begin preparations for the adjudicatory hearing All right. Good afternoon commissioners So Given that preface Once the litigation in Nevada is resolved then the commission can move on To prepare for the actual adjudicatory hearing in the first steps going to start next week The investigations and enforcement bureau will provide the commissioners with information on any new qualifiers At the wind corporation and then the IEB's Investigative report will follow soon after that This is a lot of information will take you time to review Meanwhile the legal department will work with both the investigations and Enforcement bureau and the lawyers for wind corporation to identify and schedule any Pre-hearing issues that need to be resolved in front of the commission. We'd hope to get those scheduled in March Once you as commissioners have had enough time to review all the information provided to you and to have heard any Pre-trial motions again if any Then we can have the adjudicatory hearing as reminder It will be on the first day of the hearing that the IEB's investigative report will be publicly released The actual number of days the hearing will take is subject to pre-trial discussions with both the IEB and feedback from you all Once you have reviewed the information in the report given all these variables today I can't tell you exactly when the adjudicatory hearing will be But we are definitely balancing a sense of urgency and the necessary time prepare for this matter Director with urgent you you mentioned that once these Litigation is resolved. Yes, we've taken all of the steps necessary as the chair mentioned in your statement Towards that resolution Can you speak a little bit towards that time frame anymore than you already did? I think it's soon I mean we in any Legal situation you got to get all the signatures of parties and do the appropriate court filings and I anticipate our legal Staff is working with all the parties to do that as soon as possible But we're and I've taken I've taken the direction from the commission of the chair, which is once that is done to work on Making the appropriate redactions on the minutes and making those available as soon as possible, right? So I think all of those all of that will be a very important Part of the public record as we as we move forward correct And I I assume by your statement that These things will be done simultaneously meaning we will have access to qualifier information and shortly after that a report to read digest understand as As you and the staff will be working toward the hearing Pre-trial motions or not trial but any any hearing yeah pre-hearing motions So that will be going on at the same time. That's right. Yeah, it's not sequential. They will all be happening at the same time Yes, absolutely. Okay Well, I just want to mention and echo some of the remarks from the chair relative to the The eagerness you mentioned the word eager and that's one that I would like to emphasize that this has been Process that had that has taken quite a bit of time more than we initially anticipated, but it was necessary And I also want to add my my thanks to all the work that Legal counsel outside counsel and our staff has done relative to these to this effort because there's a lot of very important issues at stake and a big big Interest from the public, but we need to move carefully and we need to do it deliberately in a deliberative way And and I'm just very thankful for all the work that everybody has done. I Agree we realize it's it's been an awful lot of work and You know that we are anxious to move forward with this and and I can speak for staff We are anxious to for you to have the the product of all a lot of work that's gone into that and we think It's important, but it's important, you know, not the eyes across the teeth Right, right, and we'll follow a lot of what we've done in the past make the as you mentioned the Report will become public as we begin the adjudicator proceedings And I think that's also a very important mind milestone to to keep in mind Mm-hmm Correct. Thank you. So actually that sort of completes my administrative update one quick question Can you just remind us how many suitability? Individual suitability reports we're expecting. Yeah, I I don't want to be exact I think it's eight or nine qualifiers. Well, yeah. Yeah, this is that these would be the new either Board members or key executives and we'll get them at the same time as the The overall report. No, you'll get those starting next week You'll get those in the report will be soon thereafter But we don't want to we want to get right on this and use the the the best use of your time Sounds good, you know, it's up to you. It's however you want to do. Yes. Yeah Yes 30 minutes Well, I thank you all for your patience, I ask that you exercise continued patience because we do need to take a break We we have a good amount to hear the next part of our meeting We're looking forward to that part of the meeting, but we do need a break So we ask that we be we take a 30 minute break Yeah, that sounds that's a what no, that's yeah, so 120 Perfect. Thank you. We convene at 120. Thank you We're reconvening our public session. We want to thank everyone once again for your patience We are going to be turning to item five, but we will have a change in the order of our agenda. I understand We have a scheduling issue for Folks at MGM and we appreciate our friends at Plain Ridge Park casino for accommodating that scheduling need So MGM will be going first Ombudsman John Siemba, please Thank you. Good afternoon chair and commissioners on the agenda today are several matters relating to Plain Ridge Park and MGM Springfield including quarterly reports for the fourth quarter of 2018 ending on December 31st 2018 Chair and commissioners. We first turn to the MGM Springfield items on the agenda Here with us today are Mike Mathis president of MGM Springfield set stratton vice president general counsel of MGM Springfield Jason Randall director of human resources and Talia Spara executive director of arena operations Mike may need to depart shortly After the quarterly report and so Joe Delaney construction project oversight manager will move into his seat Following MGM Springfield's fourth quarter presentation I'll briefly outline some approaching and current deadlines relating to the construction and post construction requirements Including the residential unit Development requirement that has a March 1st deadline that I will explain In regard to the quarterly report Although quarterly reports by their nature look back on the prior quarter We have asked MGM Springfield to provide some more detail on a number of important items Including but not limited to an update regarding the development of the so-called residential units The the status of the development of the Dave's furniture lot In plans for the armory and activists activation of the plaza MGM Springfield will also focus on employment Which has been and will continue to be a special priority item For Commission staff and for the Commission. I know that director Creven has been working to further refine Employment reporting. It's anticipated that all of our licensees will ultimately have a similar reporting format However, the reporting will need to consider the uniqueness of goals and commitments made by the licensees This reporting will in all likelihood be part of the discussion no later than the next round of the quarterly Reports and with that I turn it over to Mike and the team Thank you on Bozeman and madam chair. Nice to be officially before you for the first time welcome to The Commonwealth and the regulatory process that we're going to be going underway look forward to having you out at Springfield to tour The site. It's a very special facility and a special group of people that run it but Pleasure to be working with you and fellow commissioners glad to be back in front of you in the new year Thank you all for helping to accommodate my schedule I know this morning ran late and I want to thank the Plain Ridge Park folks for also Assisting and re-arranging their schedule and I do have to make a flight, but I'm available for any Q&A This is the priority so I can make anything work if things come up real time So otherwise, I'll leave it to my team to handle any of the closing up items So I want to start with our our gaming revenue This is for Q4 October November and December and You'll see that we've settled in around The low 20 millions per per month And then you can see the 25% gaming tax that's derived from that You know, I'll just tackle this this head-on I think there's been some discussion and some press about where these numbers are landing in the context of some of our original projections This is these these numbers are certainly You know lower than what we had hoped to see in our initial months but just for context, I think One important aspect of this and we have some history having opened our national Harbor facility You know a little bit over a year and a half ago in terms of what our ramp up looks like and what it takes to get stabilized I think the plane rich folks will tell you and anybody in our industry will tell you that typically we look at a three-year Stabilization period and there is a natural ramp up to understand What is working with the customer? What kind of promotions are they reacting to? What is the competition doing in reaction to your? to your program, you know, how are Holidays landing house weather landing and over that period of time you can you can get to sort of a stabilized Run rate the other the other aspect. I think context for these months is that Particularly November December even going into January within the season are typically the lower months You can see a difference of between 15 and 20 percent Doing nothing else other than just the outdoor weather and the seasonality between gaming revenue in this market so Existited and as well as we think we opened up to you know, one of the things that you're seeing here is we opened up into the winter sort of low season that said we are aggressively working on Increasing these monthly numbers and we feel good about a lot of programs that we're putting into place each week We we gained thousands of new customers to our loyalty database And that's also part of the ramp up so that when we put promotions out there We're putting it out there to a more a larger more active database and we're starting to see the benefits of that even in February And as we go into the to the new season So unless you have any questions just wanted to wanted to give some context to some of these initial numbers great This is our lottery report. I Want to want to compliment the plane rich folks I looked at their quarterly report and they they produce a significant amount of lottery revenue these are really strong numbers and We're always looking to continue to grow our lottery numbers again What you'll see here is some stability stability some consistency between the between the months And I think this does not include some of the lottery tickets that we actually buy as part of our promotional package This just comes out of the actual machines So we're looking at different ways given the popularity and success of the lottery in this market to leverage it to cross market But certainly happy with these results and I think we have the opportunity to grow them from from this baseline Compliance and and this is something we've worked really earnestly with your staff on you know given and Everyone's well aware of the the design of our facility. It's a very porous design. I think we have 15 to 20 doors because we wanted to engage with Main Street one engage with our outdoor plaza The the upside of that is we have a very porous site And we're able to allow our customers to enjoy all the different amenities of our resort without driving them through the Casino floor, which is a typical older casino model Which is to force people through the gaming experience if you want to get to the non gaming experience as you know our design flip that on his head and we have significant Exposure to to the entire perimeter the challenge of that as well as our Non gaming amenities of bowling and movie theaters a lot of the holiday programming on the plaza the flip side of that is that we don't have a true checkpoint like some of the traditional facilities and There are many days I wish we built a checkpoint because we spent a lot of effort policing Our our floor to make sure that we don't have underage Access on the floor and in gaming on the floor, but you'll see some stats reflective of where we at with the first column is miners that we've We've intercepted on the gaming floor before they've gained and in some ways that that that experience is almost like a typical checkpoint And then the second column is is miners that have actually been able to game and most of those happen on our slot machines Because each aisle way is a really a doorway into the floor To be clear our goal is zero on both columns, but to be a realistic I think the the most important goal is obviously Preventing miners from gaming and that's something we work on very hard You'll see the photo is is one attempt and we continue to sort of tweak the the enforcement policy But we've created this podium right at our main entrance off our self parking garage area and that's where we get about 90% of our traffic and even the Even standing up this podium has over the last 30 days or last two or three weeks Based on the feedback from the office the security officers has really been an improvement I think people who pass by there There was always an officer posted there and there was signage But I think the podium itself has created the sense of more formality and more of a checkpoint So we have more more customers coming up to us showing their IDs getting a stamp And it's those types of things that we want to continue to work on and test and control So one of the things that Seth Stratton helped me to put forth in this slide is really to put some of these numbers in the context of our visitation Those percentages are percent or percentages of our total visitation. We're averaging about 500,000 Visitors per month and each of these incidents in that context you can show How really de minimis some of these incidents are again our goal is zero, but I think context is important question President Mathis Have any analysis been done on the month of December. I mean those numbers are significantly higher Yeah, I think I'll let maybe Seth and I can tag team this one of the things that we did in November into December is really stepped up our enforcement We dedicated more officers to patrolling the floor and I think you'll see the The gaming numbers slightly higher than the prior month But I think the finding the miners on the floor is really a reflection of our Stepped up enforcement and dedicating more officers to that we we did a dedicated Patrol because one of the one of the issues we ran into from a customer service standpoint was that You know our policy is to is to card anyone that looks under 30 And you get some of these baby face 40 year olds and they were literally getting harassed on our casino floor because I would stop them Seth would stop them our security officers would stop them Some would ask for a stamp some wouldn't so one of the things we implemented was in our peak period between 6 p.m And 2 a.m We've got a dedicated officer that patrols the floor and the benefit of that is they can recognize someone that they just Carded and not have to ask them again for their ID and that's been a really great customer service Improvement, but some of that December is stepped up enforcement. Okay, also family programming. We did a tree lighting Ice skating rink, and we just had more families That were going through the facility and if they stepped into the the floor You know that constituted Being in the gaming area, even if they didn't actually intend to game Okay, might you mention stamping? Stamping them. It's one of those like at the clubs Something that you cannot erase in your hand. What what is yeah, that's right commissioner and we It is we change them out so we have a number of them So you can't you know figure out what the stamp is and replicate it So every day there's a different stamp and the security officers I think we have a total of about 14 or 16 that we rotate through Okay, but yeah, so that they don't once they've been carded They can show that the hand stamp we recognize and we don't have to ask them again, right and is there Through your dealers because then moving into the next column When you identify them Gaming you said that's mostly in the slot machines. Yeah, because there is that the dealers presumably have at least an added level of Potential review there if they see the stamp or they see somebody who looks on their 30 and ask them for their idea. Yeah, that's right. I think We have a view that of zero tolerance on table games because there really is no excuse with that human interaction We've had a a handful of those incidents where either the dealer presumed that the cocktail server serve them Or check their ID or vice versa We actually had a dealer who thought the the requirement was 18 years old and did card them and and thought they were compliant Each of those instances have been dealt with in terms of progressive discipline because we we've used There should be a zero tolerance at the table games the slot machines are errors where they can sort of sneak on and I'm proud of how quickly the team has been finding those folks But but very rare to happen on table games and when it happens is dealt with very seriously on our end And in fairness, I think Rhode Island has an age limit of 18. So one of those Things we learned through ppc was people were just so close assumed at least early on That messages it would be 18 and not 21 Um, and there was so there was a fair amount of educating of the public that also went was part of that initial effort Now, I think that's a great point I think because we've recruited some of our our staff from other jurisdictions that that there could be some confusion on that ground But we've done so much training around 21 and and anyone appearing under 30 that even there We didn't we didn't give much tolerance to to anyone that would that's confused about what the rule is in springfield If I could just add To be clear, uh, we are working With uh MGM springfield in this issue the IEB is met routinely We're working collaboratively, but we're still the regulator and you know to the extent that um, there are You know, we look at each situation and go over them and there might be aggravating factors You know, mr. Math has just mentioned if someone gets on a table That's probably an aggravating factor because of the human interaction that should or shouldn't happen in that Point a slot machine on the edge of the floor might be different than one buried deep in the floor But we're looking at all those factors someone drinking in addition to gaming obviously is another issue So we're looking at all those factors and we'll take those and but we do recognize the poorest nature of the property On the flip side, we want to make sure that our licensee does everything they literally can do To prevent this because this is a this is a serious issue for a lot of folks including the commission and other stakeholders Thank you. So uh with that i'm going to hand it off to set to give an update on our spending Thanks, mike. Um, i'm going to cover our spending in q4 of 2018 Compared to our goals And so there's a lot of information on these slides that i'm not going to talk through every point I think it's represented graphically, but The the short answer or the conclusion is that um, we're making good progress towards our goals We're not quite there on several of them. Um, we're doing very well with the veteran business enterprises, but um with respect to Women-owned businesses and minority-owned businesses. There continues to be work to be done and we're working hard at it some of some of what you're you see here is that we You know, we front loaded a lot of purchasing through our os and e for for opening In a lot of that when you're opening and you need the high volume is with vendors that we've done business with previously Through national relationships and we're now as we're operational shifting Some of those purchases from the initial buy to ongoing procurement On a local level. So I think you'll continue to see progress toward those goals But on the from the women business enterprise standpoint, we're at roughly 7% We're at 3% Minority and 3.5% veteran And then shifting to the right And I want to distinguish by the way between you'll see two different totals The left and the right with respect to the spend the 13.5 million is our biddable spend and that's in our goals for veteran minority and women-owned business spend are focused on biddable spend because that's those are some of the purchases that that um We have the ability to go out to the community and they're less Specialized and so when we set those goals we characterize it on our biddable spend Some examples by the way are You know regular purchases of supplies and equipment rentals Services advertising those are generally all biddable There's some non biddable spend Which you'll we factor in to our total spend for our local commitments And that includes on top of our biddable spend things like gaming equipment for instance would be Not part of our biddable spend it'd be hard to go out to the community for gaming equipment employment benefits such as You know health insurance, etc national travel agents things that are enterprise-wide procurement that we generally buy at at a corporate level so um We um 18 and a half million dollars spent in q4 and you'll see the breakdown of the local Both springfield surrounding community. So springfield is the Sorry springfield is the Gray 19.85 percent western mass is 24.5 percent And then you'll see we also break down The percentage surrounding community. So the community is right around us Go ahead Did I hear you say that you've already started to make some adjustments in order to be more inclusive with your With your biddable spend in other words, you realize That you are not meeting your goals and you have made adjustments. That's right. I think a good example would be Probably in the food and beverage area, you know as we're buying and getting ready for opening. We're procuring a lot of Food and beverage and related supplies at a high volume level with respect to opening but as we're Operating in the community and finding those local purveyors. We're able to shift some of that to to local purveyors for instance And so yeah, we've been making those We've been making those changes and we anticipate those blue bars Continue to go up and get as close to and hopefully in some instances exceed the orange bars as we move forward Okay, thanks. Um, can I also just ask a question perhaps of john or or Jill or joe behind behind set I recall a process internally for For us to review During the construction period The I don't know if this is the right word but exempt certain categories From what would be the base to determine the mbe and the wbe because of things like, you know Equipment that only one company makes and it's unrealistic to make that part of the base And and so on Have we done a review of that for mgm To look at these difference between what they're calling beatable and You know the actual total To be comfortable that you know, in fact the categories that they're saying You know should not be part of that base Should not or is this something that we could do in the future? manner some of the general categories that Were mentioned by mgm springfield. I think our Um categories that we have Approved Early on with plain ridge park casino. So I don't see anything Out of the ordinary there, but I I do think as time goes on will Take a look at some of the spend and But it traditionally spend that is part of a national contract or Airline or or things that can't be bid Are things that we have accepted as Outside that area. Yeah, and and I'm totally fine with that I'm I was just asking if we're you know If we're reviewing these numbers as we go forward and it sounds like we will yeah, we will be Thank you Any commissioners I'll just add, you know, we are we're part of a vendor advisory group locally Our head of procurement meets with Local stakeholders and I know there's a high comfort level that although we may be missing some of these numbers It's not through a lack of effort. We've we've tried to reach out to many different vendors. We do it All the time in fact, we've taken a chance on a few local vendors And frankly the product didn't stand up and and we're willing to take that Chance as much as we can so we're happy to take any referrals I feel comfortable that if you talk to any of the stakeholders, you know We're doing what we can on on each of these categories But if there's some vendor that believes that they haven't had a shot at us Please know that we'll we'll take a look at anybody because this is an important part of our our program Hey, michael, I I appreciate that and and ryan and his team have been great to work with And I know jill continues to work with them. I think where we may also want to look at is Folks that you're already doing business with who are not going through a certification process You may have some vendors in that You know file that May think they're certified may have a certified. We don't recognize but I think to kind of go back and revisit that that might be also Uh an occasion to to strengthen some of your numbers some of you just kind of says well I told you I was a veteran owned business, but Until we have the certification till you guys are aware of the certification it's tough to kind of count those numbers, but We've enjoyed the chance to work with with ryan and his team and he seems I don't want to say desperate But he's anxious to kind of keep working with us and some of our other stakeholders are at those vendor advisory team meetings Thank you Thank you So the next slide that i'll cover very briefly is the is the trend slide and it's it I think we're early to really see Trends But let me just walk through with you just to be clear what each one of these columns represents because we'll be coming back Each quarter on these and I think Quarter by quarter will even establish more more clear trends, but The first bar is our pre opening spend. So basically the few years that leading up to opening That's the percentage for each of these categories and then you'll see the The largest bar in each graph is that os and e spent so that was that bulk purchasing Leading up to opening and that's why those those bars are so much higher The next bar is basically since we opened so From august 23rd to the end of the end of the year That represents The percentages for each category and then the final bar is just the quarter that we're focused on for this quarterly report so you'll see that the Operating in the q4 are very similar The os and e is going to be a lot larger and then the the pre opening generally smaller, but we hope that You know that the operating bar is going to get again grow close to those goals And the quarters may vary from time to time time to time depending on what we're purchasing But hopefully that that operating to date and the goal will will Continue to trend very close to one So it remind me the os and e stands for owner supplied equipment Operating supplies and equipment operating supplies and equipment. Okay, so they're Expendables in other words. They're not they don't have a long useful life It's stuff that you will as you use you'll continue to have to replenish. Yeah, so a good example is I don't know if it's a good example, but an example would be Flatware and plates we bought you know thousands and thousands of classes and plates to open up now Some of those will break. So we'll change them out. And so we replenish and we're always looking for opportunities To find say local or diverse vendors that can help replenish those same things with you know hotel supplies Various things that we had to buy in bulk early on and then as we replenish As they they're useful where? Reduces or there's breakage. We'll we'll look for opportunities. Thank you You know, there's a there's another in mic you touched on it talking about you know finding Youth on the gaming floor and the unique nature of your facility. I know we're going to hear about what you have playing for the plaza You might have a unique story to tell in terms of engaging minority women and veteran owned businesses for the types of farmers markets and other You know festivals you have going on As you program the plaza it doesn't necessarily reflect spend that you have but you're giving them an incredible business opportunity Again, I don't want to throw another layer of data for you to collect but I think it's Might be helpful data to share about your story and again the uniqueness of the facility Yeah, we're not cutting them a check directly But we're giving them an opportunity to be in front of our clients in front of our patrons or m life members and obviously that's You know again an added economics benefit to think about absolutely So this this next slide just shows Similarly shows the trends in each one of the categories of local spend so You know starting with the most narrow in the far lower right hand corner springfield then Going out to surrounding communities and then western mass and then the commonwealth I said on the last slide it's too early to to see trends, but maybe I'll I'll say Hopefully we're seeing a good trend already on this one, which is In I think every instance Yes, definitely in every instance q4 is represents an increase over Opening to date. So I think that's a good sign that we're What I was talking about before is we're finding at as each month goes by more and more opportunities for local purchasing so that that the the Later three months the last three months of 2018 we were doing better than we were over the last five in total so And and that's universal in each category. So I think that's The good start of the trend And how some of the ways we do that is through our vendor outreach outreach events and this and will report quarterly on The various events were involved in but you'll see here listed some of the the events that ryan and his team participate in Throughout the year, but these are some of the specific events that they've attended In in q4 and you'll see that we're not you know, we're we're reaching out Throughout the commonwealth and even beyond borders to find to find opportunities specifically with veterans and minority suppliers You know, we're going outside of the commonwealth to really find opportunities to to engage this is one of my favorite slides because this This is a few just shows a few examples of some of the businesses that we've we've partnered with And you'll see on here quotes that that they've provided to us, but I'll I'll highlight A few sentences from these quotes because I think it shows Basically the opportunity the economic development opportunity Mansfield paper talks about being able to address wage adjustments and benefits to keep competitive and ahead of industry standards Wasman ab Said that the mgn project forced them to reexamine their internal processes And make much needed changes that allow for future and continued growth and market expansion And and park cleaner is one of my favorite stories because They were my dry cleaner and I recommended that That they talked to our our hotel vp and it worked out being a very good Partnership they're a woman owned a business in the city of springfield and they've added 12 employees Already as a result of partnering with us and doing our uniform dry cleaning. So That's a really good story. Um, so I think collectively you see from these three snapshots that folks are expanding and changing their business models and I'm learning to grow and develop as a result of their partnership with us And we we think that'll present further opportunities and good lessons learned that they can share with other local businesses As as we continue to partner I'll pass the baton to jason to talk about employment Thanks, sir Thanks, sir. I want to share Employment a few slides on our employment here. So our first slide shows our progress on our hiring goals With springfield residents Employees our goal being 35 percent We currently stand as a 12 31 at 38.4 Percent of our employees that are springfield residents For women employees. We're at 45.3 percent with our goal being 50 percent So that is certainly a goal that we recognize there's still work to be done by our recruitment and staffing team to to onboard Anecdotally we we've identified a A couple department areas where we do have additional opportunity like security officers That may be a traditional male dominated role where we can partner more with our local universities and schools to You know recruit female students coming out of those programs to join our team For minorities again 50 percent goal. We're at 56.3 percent of our employees Our minorities and on the veteran side with 2 percent being our goal. We stand at 6 percent Of active employees on on 12 31 This is representative of 2522 employees that were active with us on 12 31 Jason you're missing a It'd be great if you had to figure up there what you're doing from the region You had a goal of 90 percent from the region So on the next slide i'll transition text. I do have some more Kind of breakdown of data that we can share that's not in Nice pie graph chart for us here And but we we do break down on the top section The employees are broken down full-time and part-time Without of the 25 22 77 and a half percent of the employees are full-time employees in 22 0.5 percent being part-time employees In our goal being an 80 20 split on on those areas As we work down the the graph on the lower section We do showcase western mass residency and massachusetts residency as a total Of the employee base as well. So 73.5 percent of our employee base represent western massachusetts Residents with 75.6 percent total being massachusetts residents Quick question. Are you um In plain ridge will know because i've asked them the same questions in the past It's great that you're tracking percentages But it's really important to track where folks are in the organization now I know when you opened in this company you were extremely diverse top to bottom But I think it's really important to continue to track that and um, you know if they're It's it's important to to not only track it but probably report it to us as well So if you see some if you don't track it sometimes you don't realize That there's an issue in a certain mid-level management or whatever it may be with women and minorities veterans So, um I I see all these numbers percentages, but it's nice to really keep track of How they're doing moving up in the company and I know at the beginning you had a great story to tell about that so If I could jump in commissioner, it's a very it's a fair question. It's a dialogue We've already been having with staff. I think john touched on it earlier and We've been speaking with jill as well on what the reporting like the public reporting looks like going forward We have really rich data. We have a lot of information internally and we do look at a lot of different trends Um internally on on on where various folks are and we have some pretty rich data. So we Where we continue to discuss What that looks like going forward in terms of our reporting in this context and otherwise, but We the point is taken and we we do And jason could Verify this but we have a lot of really rich data on internally on what great what our employees where they are where they're from salaries, you know based on grade et cetera So The rich the rich data you're talking about it sounds like it's something you're proud of right? It it's it's a tool that we definitely It's a tool that we use all all the time. It's just how much as a What the dialogue we're having now is how much as a private company? We're putting out there for the world to see and everyone, you know The more granular it becomes the more We use it on a granular basis, but we are sensitive to having that granularity out in the public now We're not interested in you publicly reporting This specific, you know, but just overall how you're doing top to bottom. I think is Is an important piece if we're looking at Employment numbers Understood, we agree I I would I would echo that I want to I want to jump in I actually have two points first of all Just curiously going to your website this morning 30 30 some odd positions that you're still posting for is that 30 a hard number you're looking for multiple people under a number of those I mean let's stress the word that People should not have worried I didn't have a job on day one There are still opportunities to come and work for mGM springfield and you know put myself on a career path So those 30 positions combination of full-time and part-time Correct and there some of the positions are representative of multiple headcount For for looking for more numbers. I think anecdotally It's about 60 headcount out of those 30 positions. So some of them are one to pure one to one Seats, but some of them do represent in some cases five or 10 People that were actively looking to to sourcing. Okay Um Other information that I would like to see and I'll go back to what commissioner Cameron was talking about in a second, but And again, this stresses the uniqueness of your campus the uniqueness of your facility You have other vendors other tenants on site. I think it's important To get their body count. Maybe not necessarily the breakdown if that becomes a challenge But what is the overall body count? Um Because a lot of things that were rolled out in your rfa too was an assumption that you guys were going to operate a number of these amenities That's not the case, but there's still people coming to work every day On your property, you know be at the cinema cringle candle, you know, hanush any any of those Other entities. I think it's in hopefully at some point you're going to have wall burgers on the corner That'll be More employees so looking at overall employment count, even if they're not yours If there's a way to extract that with your with your your tenants. I think that'd be great information to share Um You know to pick up on commissioner cameron's point Um, I think there's a lot more detail. We've talked about it. You know, we do want to get into Uh, kind of what that diversity is at various levels and management employment levels within the company I understand and it might be a snapshot in time, but at the same time you guys might be able to show I think to your point Folks moving up within, you know, the organization that was one of the things that impressed me about my Trip to detroit to mg of detroit was finding a person who started as a banquet server who was now in banquet sales and You guys have a good track record or a good human resource development plan when it comes to helping folks move up the ladder So, um, I would suggest that It shouldn't wait until your next quarterly meeting if The executive director and maybe a member of the compliance committee and staff sit down with you And try to hash out this new reporting format. Some of it's going to be Consistent with all of our licensees. You guys are going to have obviously some Uh Information that we need to make sure that you're in compliance as john mentioned with what your local goals were So, um, if we can do that in the immediate future, that'd be a good use of all of our time I can make sure I if I can just address a couple of comments and they're all Well taken I think You're absolutely right and if you didn't ask it, I would have volunteered it So, you know, the important part of the asterisk is that that number of 25 22 does not include our Tennis and our vendors and as you know, we we take a campus-wide approach in terms of the economic Development we generate in terms of the workforce development we generate So we believe we have approximately 250 employees that are tenant employees. We know that because we have to badge them So you can add approximately 250 to that number and that also does not include vendors I know I've been in meetings with our team where we specifically Made a decision to hold off on A hire because we wanted to continue using a local business for outdoor cleaning, for example So there there are a number of jobs created on the on the campus by outside services That easily could have been our employees, but for various reasons We thought it was the right decision to use our To use the outside service And this also does not include we have at any given time about 100 employees in the pipeline through licensing And background checks as well in addition to the open positions. So this significant employment that is either in You know in in the pipeline or being driven that's outside of our technical active hire list as a snapshot at any given time With respect to the granularity, you're right to have the instinct that Evasiveness is sometimes a desire not to give you the information because the information isn't good In this case that's that's not the issue. The issue is because we have so much data We want to make sure that it makes sense and that is reflective What is a supervisor? What is a manager? What are the right departments to look at? Some of our departments are so small that you can't drive Some of the diversity goals that we might otherwise want to do want to want to show you So I think I think a session a working session makes a ton of sense So you can see what we have and then we can propose us in a position to To produce in a way that that shows the good effort But we also have to think about our other jurisdictions and we want to make sure we don't create inconsistent standards Cross jurisdiction so happy to have that conversation with you And I think the and you've seen my executive team. You've seen our workforce. We're proud of the diversity throughout all our levels Yeah, there's two and I'm glad you mentioned Commissioner the compliance group. There's two levels that are at play here Information access to all the rich information That that you describe is is key and we've always had it and our staff will continue to have it But there's also the the reporting that is that is important for not just for for the rest of us outside of that group, but the public really And and and but the flip side is we also recognize that some of that granularity Is indeed potentially a competitively disadvantaged Information if he was just put out there entirely So there is a happy medium that I think we can You know, we can all Agree on when it comes to public reporting. So we should we should work on that excellent Next slide we get into our 29 workforce 2019 workforce development plan. Many of these Educational and community partner partners. You'll recognize from prior presentations, but these are relationships that we continue to value and expand upon in 2019 on the educational side Certainly Putnam vocational technical school and Westfield Academy to high school level programs that we're able to utilize And partner with having our executive chefs come into their programs to You'll continue reinforcing skills and encouraging to continue in the field and Potentially advancing into like a whole new community college and their culinary program as well as well The massachusetts casino careers training institute continues to be a valuable partner of ours They join us on many of our recruiting trips to Share their their experience as well, but we continue to recruit students at completion of their of their classes as well UMass Amherst remains a core school to to mgm resorts in its entirety and Specifically us here in springfield. We're on campus At least once or twice a semester at recruiting events and additionally into Their hospitality class classrooms to do guest lectures as requested We're able to continue promoting our internship programs at stcc american international Western New England and then johnson and wales. We we participate in their large annual culinary job fair for recruitment On the our work on the following slide our workforce development partners Westfield Job Corps Was a fantastic partner leading up to opening and that we continue to have very active dialogue on how students that are Actively participating in their programs can work simultaneously on our property as well as new england farm workers Bringing their members into us they They pre-opening had a large number of their members that were able to participate in the mccti training school and additionally That joined our culinary program and we continue to partner with them on our recruitment efforts We participate in a virtual job fair with a arp And as well as attending a veteran veterans inks job fairs that they host locally as well Goodwill of Hartford they put on a large in job fair that we attend annually And we've been fortunate to share a lot of our recruitment efforts with the urban league via their radio program that that they have in springfield We do continue to reach out to Head start and and Be able to promote our positions to the parents of their their customers their customers Veterans assembled electronics had a very strong has a very strong partnership on our slot technicians They have training programs specifically designed So we're able to recruit individuals right out of that program and united way If you recall the story is pre-opening the victims of the hurricane tragedy that in Puerto Rico that relocated to Our our area united way was able to organize us to reach out to those Those individuals those impacted individuals to recruit Ultimately, we have had hiring success and having those individuals come on our campus and and be able to grow their careers with us While while their families transition here And dressed for success. We we've been able to provide a speaker to their students conduct mock interviews onto their participants as well and then Our partnership continues to grow with springfield works you know in their you know city-wide efforts of Aligning and and organizing additional training and employment opportunities for for for the region And the final slide that i'll share is our q4 recruitment efforts On the heels of opening our team was still able to get out to two more job fairs To to share our message Specifically, we attended a veterans picnic in the park that was hosted by the eastern hampton county veteran service district Mass hire put on a large keeping western mass working job expo that we're happy to to be at that and continue to They held one in january as well that we were happy to be at that as well western mass employment Collaborative held their job expo that that we're in attendance at western new england had a large career fair in q4 that we we were able to attend Veterans Inc their flagship career fair that they host in holy oak. I believe those are second one We've been proud to be at that one both times and then with you massiamers with their hospitality program They hosted a rapid recruitment session where they only invited in 15 employers We were one of those employers and we really did speed dating with students to share You know what opportunity to slide with them within our company Great any questions before I pass back to uh seth and non-to-talia here like Thanks jason, uh, so i'm gonna i'm gonna touch on our marketing highlights and hand it off to toya for the entertainment discussion so, uh, this what you have before you is is a sample of Examples of our monthly newsletter and this is really our promotional casino promotional calendar It's been very successful. As I mentioned before You know some some of our projections are not quite where we want them to be To get more granular our table games is very successful Our slots is what's ramping slower than we had hoped and we continue to to tweak our promotional model Card giveaways have proven to be very successful in in march. Um, we are given away. We have the Uh, we have the fortune of five saturdays in march. So we're giving away five cars on five saturdays So it's going to be um excited to see that promotion, but um, we've had a lot of success on card giveaways So just to give you a sample the kinds of things that we do in our monthly newsletters Uh, briefly talking about sponsorships and partnerships extremely important for us is who we associate ourselves with in the inherent goodwill and Cross marketing that comes with it and you can see we have the marquee brands really throughout the commonwealth represented on the slide Some of our some of our most successful weekends have been one of you've got a sold out thunderbirds game when we've got We've got a great Red Sox playoff game. Certainly the patriot success Has has has been a boon to the property Six flags in our backyard is part of our summer programming. So Really associate ourselves with those brands understanding their promotions understanding their database so that we can do cross marketing Has is a big part of how we continue to ramp, but they've been very successful. We plan on continuing them You've heard me talk about the basketball hall of fame relationship before and one of the shames Before we came to town was much of the activation with the basketball hall of fame's annual Induction ceremony went down to connecticut where they where they held the party after holding the ceremony We're now able to hold a lot of those ancillary events and keep a lot of that great activity in downtown springfield Right, so just a small example of what we're able to do now that we've got a facility will they will they come to your facility next year We've reluctantly agreed to share it with uh with our competitor Because they they made a substantial investment in the in the hall of fame, but we're able to to share much of the activity Um, we've got them sort of thursday and friday. I think they get them saturday We'll try to get them back sunday So that's a little bit of a tug of war that's going on with our competitors Mike um This was in the prior slide and of course I could not participate, but how does one win a car? Just curious how does one win a car? How does one win a car? Yeah It's a um, it's based on the amount of play and you get entries. Um, we do a virtual um Raffle. Uh, yeah, what do you call it the old um sweepstakes? Yeah, I'm gonna make a hand motion like a little A drum we do a promotional a virtual promotional drum and the more you play the more more tickets you get into the virtual No, and then it's just a random number generator that kicks it out. So we'll get 10 we'll get 10 finalists That are able to pick um five to 10 finalists on any given day that are able to pick envelopes And one of the envelopes is the key to the car And I always go to those because they're exciting and the other nine are Constellation prizes are free play and other other rewards So the streaks that come out when when they open up the envelope for the car is pretty pretty great. That's right You should make sure it's you can't play and maybe your extended family can't play Nobody can't hear that's right And then uh, lastly is actually I got two more slides up just some images from how we've activated these partnerships, so we had a MGM springfield day out as a tailgate at one of the patriot's games In fact, the first one was so successful And I think they felt badly that we got rained out the first time that they invited us back the second time So great opportunity to get in front of customers particularly on the eastern part of the state Drive m life sign ups. We do a food truck You can see on the bottom right. We have a mexican food truck called guac this way Which is really popular and it's it's a lot of fun So we're able to get in front of new customers and and cross market And then other examples of what we do at thunderbirds and and some of the other programs And then the last one is is just to remind you of what we do with our m life rewards We have a huge database, which is our m life database and through it. We're able to take partners And the win-win is we're able to give promotional discounts From our vendors and partners to our database. So it drives value to our customers It also drives awareness to our our partners. So 10 off merchandise for the thunderbirds Other discounts for some of our other sports partners basketball hall of fame 15 off admission So it's a great way to To expose those brands to an active our active database Great then really successful and we'll do more of that Um with that, I'm gonna hand it off to tall yet I'm unfortunately have to run for my flight and this is one of my favorite sections, which is entertainment But some exciting announcements that we've just made and I do have time if there's any any other questions that you feel like You want to ask of me before I hand it off to the team? I'll get used to that Thank you Mr. Mathis I have one question and it's I'm sorry that I didn't ask it before it's out of order And I want to make sure you get your flight but with respect to the issue around Um, the miners Yeah, you had said that you you know the the number was obviously higher and I understand it's because you have higher Enforcement measures. Do you happen to know? I know it's not fair because it's your quarterly report But do you happen to know how junior a looked for the mine a minor number? I think we could fish it Seth. You want to help with that? I don't have the specific numbers, but it looks very similar To december, uh, I think the I think there are anecdotally, I think there are a couple fewer Gaming but more that we intercepted on the floor. So it's a very similar month to december I think some of the same factors that led to the higher numbers in december contributed in january as well Some of the family events the cold weather The increased enforcement. So what we're what we've really been One of the things that and I think mike did a little bit of analysis But one of the things we did see a really promising change in january By the way, each one of these instances we have a report on and we look at the time We track the person see where they came in how long they were gaming And so what you're seeing a good positive trend is it's taking less time for us to find them and remove them And so the average time in january is much lower than than um, it was earlier on and so You'll see that when we get into the details, but mike I don't know if you have anything to add Yeah, I think you know one of the things and I think you're you're right on and it's what we're looking for Is was the trajectory of our of our program and our enforcement and one of the things I was really pleased to see in january Is and I did some math on the right out here is um 20 25 percent of the incidents of Gaming incidents were discovered five minutes or less Um, and those are largely slot machines So that's a that really speaks to the ability of our our security team to sweep the floor and to aggressively Check new new new faces that look like they might be underage 75 percent of the incidents were 20 minutes or less So from the early days where someone could hide out in the corner and now we've implemented these programs We're able to get to them sooner. Um, to me, that's the measure of of how effective our team is We're going to continue to do things like the podium and and and increase sweeps But really we're looking we're looking for those those durations if they sneak on there They're not going to be on there for long And we'll share those new numbers with you, but I think they have been pretty consistent It's just the durations that have really come down, which is um, which is a great success Thank you Thank you. Thanks so much. Thanks for a point. Absolutely. Thank you Good afternoon commissioners. I'm excited to talk about some of our entertainment programming over q4 Um, so first I'll speak to the headliners, uh, that we had which are the national acts So at mass mutual center We had cv wander bill burr and then the comedy get down tour Which featured some of the artists that you see at the bottom and at symphony hall. We had erin lewis Felipe asparza who is a comedian and then a partnership with our springfield symphony orchestra actually for a symphonic prince tribute show And then on the plaza we were excited to bring blue man group jabba walkies street drum corpse And a sold-out show of the dropkick murphys and dropkick murphys Was a fun event for me specifically We in partnership With nathan bill which is a local restaurant where and the artists themselves were able to generate over 16 000 for charity and that went to sergeant Gunnery sergeant tom solovan foundation, which is a local deceased military veteran that we have in the area So one of my favorite shows that we did so far these ag these 10 shows Were estimating bra around 25 000 visitors to downtown springfield over q4 Some of our community events and programming most of which were on the plaza and within the armory and so jam fest which was Free music fest to the community in partnership with the springfield business improvement district And brought around 4 000 visitors Ride to remember we had a cornhole tournament And so I won't touch on all of them Some of you had attended our free concert series as well, which was called city block at the time We've got some images of what that programming looked like you see the tree lighting You see nancy karigan opening our ice rink Some of the ride to remember participants and other activities that we had And as far as upcoming entertainment for the headliners specifically We're really excited to have a sold out share show She's going to be performing at the mass mutual center in april And then this week we just announced our one-year anniversary programming We'll be bringing aerosmith to the mass mutual center for four dates With expected attendance of 22 000 over the week to the downtown springfield area We're not even on sale to the public yet. Um, we're just in the presale phase right now We've already sold 50 of our sellable capacity So that show will go quickly and it's going to be really exciting for the downtown area 50 percent of fall four shows Correct. So we have 21 000 In total sellable capacity as of noon today. We're at 10 500 in the comedy club Yes, so the comedy club is uh, we call it roar. It's currently in the armory Right. Um, we've had about four shows a weekend starting since january That was a temporary agreement with a partner out of boston john tobin presents. It was supposed to be six months We've verbally agreed to extend that throughout the remainder of the year And so we'll continue to have comedy in the armory. We heard about it You're anticipating at the last quarterly report. Just wondering how it's is it Is great. Yeah, um, most of the sell most of the shows hit about a 90 percent sell out on average Some of the shows start on thursday summer on sunday So those ones are around 60 capacity and then obviously the friday and saturday ones Are a sell out if not around 95 percent and so on average we're sitting around 90 Great and your capacity is 243 per show Tally, could you speak to the ticket price because I think we've heard it anecdotally that it's a great affordable Family entertainment. We're getting a lot of positive feedback on that. Yeah, most of them depending on the act, obviously But most are right around 30 dollars anywhere from 25 dollars to 32 has been the max so far a great price. Thank you And then also upcoming. We're really excited this you guys are seeing at first mgm live is going to be our summer concert series this year on the plaza and so with that will be 25 free and open to the public concerts And then in addition to that there'll be some of the ticketed shows that we will do with headlining acts as well Close to we're estimating around 10 as we continue to finalize the artists for that And then in addition to that you'll see, um, you know farmers market. We will continue with yoga, which the community was Praised significantly We will do food and beverage festivals So a lot of upcoming sort of variety that we're hoping Um to have on the plaza for our guests Any questions for entertainment? Thank you. I forgot that this was mic section and he he left so I guess I'll take over So I think you know, one of the things that um, we wanted to highlight Is that you know, there are questions around what's going to be our impact to the community local businesses And um, you know and while we're we're anxious to see further development for instance across the street Uh, so we can get additional foot traffic We've seen we've heard anecdotally and seen as reflected in this article That folks within the vicinity business owners are really seeing A spike in their business and so this was a piece on npr speaking to that There is a hotel nearby that we have a strong relationship with Who's seen really some significant increases in their occupancy rate since our opening? So you see a 70% occupancy With a $95 adr to now 84% occupancy with a 20 increase in the adr. So that's that's um, that's a significant Increase and and we hope to continue to see examples like that One again anecdotal that I think many of you have probably seen as you've visited is uh, red rose pizza who's right next door to us Who has been doing a very strong business since we've opened? We we often go in there ourselves and see a lot of our customers with our giveaways eating in there and we We you know, we're happy for him. We were some of them would stay on property But they're doing very well very very well at red rose. So there has been some really positive spin-off impact and we hope to continue to see that Resident do you want me to cover this or john or were you going to get the residential or Yeah, I well, you understand it's in the middle of conversation. So if we could have a I know their sensitivity regarding the The Negotiation that if you provide a higher level status update sure, um if If everyone recalls we we've um have a timeline to do our off-site residential development at um at one point We were asked by the city of springfield to to Pause with our own development efforts to try to collaborate with the city on a really iconic Project in the city of springfield right on court square the 31 lm project. Those discussions have been ongoing for quite some time And and we've we've addressed it several times before the commission It's it's we've said it's been on the goal line for a long time. It's it's literally inches from the goal line from what I understand We've been in several discussions, but we're not privy to all discussions. I understand that the city has requested a short Additional time period With respect to our deadline to report to the commission really tomorrow Was our deadline to say whether 31 lm would move forward and we would participate or whether we would go to a plan b And and then what the timeline for that plan b would be we have We have been proceeding parallel path and exploring A number of plan b's and have have opportunities, but we are still Holding off because we understand there's been some some progress and this the city thinks it's Very close and so we are continuing to be willing to to wait so long as the Commission allows us to And so but we do feel confident that there's been some really significant recent progress on that front Yeah, I read the email that we got from uh, so this is ter piccola John is there anything besides The remarks that he has here in his email that That you could speak to i'm not necessarily It it doesn't mean that it doesn't drive the point that and the rask Which I find sufficient But if there is anything else that you might be able to say no I think um, I can just amplify that based on the conversations that I have had It does appear that there's very significant activity Up for consideration today is a vote to extend that 30 day requirement I can go into a little bit detail about that what the requirement said, but basically it's is what Seth just reported that By march 1st mgm springfield shall provide a final commitment of documentation for the 31 elm street project Along with the realistic construction timetable from the from the city And then if it couldn't meet this condition by march 1st mgm springfield shall proceed With independent residential requirement within the time frame time frame set set in the hca so one one thing that I will note is that One of our prior colleagues commissioner cute mckew often talked to us about the value of deadlines and bringing clarity to all situations and And I think I will You know recognize this belatedly that there is tremendous Tremendous benefit in having deadlines, but however that said Given the reports that I have heard I do recommend that the commission move forward with the approving the 30 day extension This has been an extremely important the 31 elm project has been an extremely important project to The city of springfield The commission certainly has shown its diligence and in following up on the regional requirement regarding the 54 residential units And indeed it recognized and commissioners That currently are on the commission Recognized that in order to meet the final commitment of construction We had to know Sooner than that that we would either move forward with 31 elm or move forward to plan b As soon as we can so that we can get the construction of those units up and up and running all that said I do recommend and sap does recommend moving forward with the 30 day Extension for our deadline Because you feel like they have made they're very close to finalizing this this project Let me not say Very close. I would just say that there has been You know significant activity as of late. We've heard very positive things but just so I don't Over promise I think I will just stay with that. There's been very significant progress on everything but With that as the wet blanket, let me just say that it does seem very optimistic at this point Can I ask about the timeline for a plan b? So that we're giving 30 days theoretically for 31 elm Or does it also include? At the end of the 30 days either 31 elm or plan b or would we what runway would be needed for plan b? So, uh, thank you chair. Great question. So, um, when we did approve the detail construction schedule for mpm springfield We also did note what that plan b would be Currently, there's a requirement under springfield's host community agreement that those units must be built by march of 2020 And so there was an anticipation that we had to figure out what would happen for that march 2020 date I don't think that we're under any Misimpression that if the city does choose and the does choose to move forward with 31 elm That the construction could be completed by that 2020 date But there would have to be some additional action at the city level and city council level To determine that date But I don't think that was necessarily that was a good explanation, but not necessarily her question. I think Sorry, sorry to put it that bluntly I think you may have been referring to more If plan b starts from scratch The day we moved they moved to plan b And that's not necessarily the case. Am I in the right impression said that that's correct I believe that at the at the end of those 30 days we would be prepared to Tell you about what our plan b is the project and what our expected timeline would be to get that done We in Once we're controlling it in theory it could be done by that march 2020 deadline. I think once we It's it's been hard because we're working with third parties on that and they know we're talking about Elm as well. So the the amount that they're willing to invest in terms of Construction drawings, etc. Well, we're waiting to see We've had to be on pause, but we can hit the ground running very fast I think at the end of this extension if we feel that 31 elm is not moving forward We would be prepared to discuss that project the realistic timeline and I think it would be I don't think anyone feels that it would Uh take as long as 31 elm would take because 31 elm is a very complicated project that we're not controlling So so we could I think would be in striking distance of that original deadline Right. So just to provide further fine point on that Um, we were both at think saying the same thing But our original motion held it to that march 2020 date because that is the date of the of the of the under the HCA So if indeed there needed to be a movement for even plan b That would require some city action in addition to action by the commission to uh, take a look at that march 2020 date So just so I know in terms of agenda planning 30 days from now We have a Meeting what would be yeah, well while we haven't confirmed our meetings. We were on a two week schedule. So 30 days or I would just say Um I think it's 28. Yeah march march 20. Yeah march. I think that march in april on the same day. So it would be march 28. Yeah so If if need be if we depending on a motion for an extension that's approved I just want to make sure I understand if 31 elm street does not go through And we asked mgm to come in on march 28th. Will you be able to say this is plan b and And it will be all Prepared to go or will there still be a need for further discussions with another developer, etc No, we anticipate anticipate that we will be able to Tell you what plan b is and and um our plans for Executing on it executing on it in the timeline Thank you And I just want to say yeah, no just further Comment I mean I'm inclined to go along with the request from from the city to extend because this is really a request from the city To extend the the deadline I do recognize the value of deadlines as you mentioned As being a big incentive towards people to finally, you know, uh, feature cut paid as they say Um, but uh, the city really values the prospect of this project and you will you will see it if you haven't already Directly across from from the side of the casino and uh, really on the other side of Is it called court square? And uh, and what one with a lot of complicating factors for a number of reasons, but uh, but really a worthy Economic development project Um, and so we've always had this tension between Also over here on mgm trying to meet the requirement that we had put on that has been In place for some time And the city wanting to try to make this this project work Um I don't know that I would feel much clear. I did understand that this extension is driven by the city I do understand that so thank you right I do think though that I I hope this doesn't turn into another 30 days and another 30 days and and you know We find ourselves whatever next year still talking about this um so There's going to have to be some kind of Really um reckoning time at some point if it's not today, but um I'm inclined to go along with it with the request as I mentioned but um We really hope that the parties are Really close to getting the time I just just from a historical perspective and I also you know um We don't want this as commissioner zuniga just said to keep dragging itself out, but Um, certainly amenable to the city's request, you know, we're talking about a property that is that Empty for 20 some odd years right in the heart of downtown and this seems to be the first kind of Real opportunity or credible opportunity that's come forward to try to try to save this historic building. So again, I'm in I'm in the position of you know familiarity with the property of trying to give it this 30 day extension at the request of the city, but also mindful that At some point, you know, the deal is either there or it's not and you know For your ability to kind of meet the components of your rfa too is to Look for another location But we're holding off on the vote until later in the agenda. Yes. Okay. You just previewed I see Which I didn't know I didn't know everywhere or not Well, you could that's my question was it's slated for later, but if we're discussing it now, we could take a vote now Yeah, we started talking about it. Yes, or it got an agenda agenda, but I'll leave it up to council. Well, I can move forward It seems to make sense. You've just had seems like you've had a robust discussion on it. So Unless there's something that you wish to add or are folks from commission want wish to add other than from mgm Well, if I believe it's a time It would be a timely motion right now. Do I hear a motion? Madam chair, I'd move that the commission approve the request of the city of springfield for a 30 day extension with respect to The development agreement to be finalized with respect to 31 l second Further discussion my only discussion would be we we wish all parties good luck on this and a vote All those in favor Opposed Can I just for clarification purposes? Could I assume the 30 day extension? Times as to the march 28th meeting It would go to april 1st, which would be march 28th Because that's fine as long as we're within the march 28th What you really expect is an answer by march 28th if we have a meeting that correct. I think it's important for You know springfield to understand that because they have to ask for this extension. So right. Thank you. It's a clarifier. Thank you Great. Thank you. Um, I'll touch on the three final points very briefly. Uh, as I know they're of interest to the commission. Um, Dave we Uh Chair we call it the dave's furniture lot I don't know if you've heard this before it might have been confusing when you first saw it But that's several years ago the building that was there and we've been calling it the dave's furniture a lot for so long That's hard to get away away from this is the corner of main and union street In springfield and uh, it's reflected right there with the wall burgers banner So we have a letter of intent with wall burgers to construct a wall burgers restaurant. Um On that site, we were hopeful that we'd be sitting here today saying that the lease is finalized But lawyers sometimes draw things out. Um, I'm one of the guilty ones on this particular Item, but we are very we had a very productive quality of the day and we anticipate no issues with as soon as we finalize the The detail lease will move forward with construction drawings and we'll be able to report on the timeframe, but uh, I believe Mike previously mentioned and it remains the case that we're we're hopeful to have a new year's eve opening at that Property and so that remains the target for for the wall burgers restaurant In terms of armory plans That's one of the requirements that you'd like us to continue to report on our armory development plans. That is Because the roar come to club as you've heard has been such a such a success and they're extending it That's we continue to plan to utilize it for that purpose for the foreseeable future but one of the things that We've experienced you heard Mike talk about the the gaming numbers our food and beverage numbers have been Very strong since opening and continue to be and we think there's a demand that continues to outpace the supply on our Our property so we continue to look at and I'll touch on a moment on the next point We continue to look at food and beverage opportunities So we're a parallel path continue to explore and think about whether that armory building Is suitable for a future use with a multi-level food and beverage operation and that continues to be an ongoing discussion but For the foreseeable future we continue to use it as the the comedy club and other event programming Finally, I don't have specifics and and might Perhaps would have had a few more to speak to but we are evaluating our food and beverage needs on site and there are multiple spaces on our on our site a vacant space between the western mass news and And tap That's one of the original retail spaces that we've been waiting to develop. We do anticipate Developing that ourselves as a food and beverage and additional food and beverage outlet over the next several months We're still working on design name and theme, but we anticipate one of the things that Talia wants is rather than have portable bars and For the events out there to have the ability to have a restaurant With food and beverage there that that has almost a an open-air garage door lift up so you can service the plaza right there so that would be That's something we're exploring and we're also exploring some of the space in the south end market that is Experiencing less volume whether we can shift the programming and create a standalone restaurant in south end market and we're still determining what the Again, the theme and food is but it's possible. We'll be adding an additional standalone restaurant as part of the south end market to replace The wine and cheese bar is one of our performs not at the level of the others And there's some good space there that we could create a new a new use So we continue to explore those and and with those are additional opportunities for our wait staff and servers And so we we continue to push the food and beverage development And we'll we'll update you as those plans progress And unless there are any questions Just with respect to you kind of built it in a couple of places under Talia's report and also under the future development Um I was always under the impression when we were talking about a I think it was a 60 day plan to look ahead to how you were programming the plaza and the armory space obviously a lot is that Excuse me. A lot of that is consumed with roar um I guess I was looking for a plan that might have a little bit more detail Uh Be it a schedule, you know, again, I understand Might be some information. You don't want to disclose as to to who or what but I was always kind of under the impression that there'd be a little more meat to that programming plan So as we look at them, maybe the next quarterly report kind of building that in if that's fair Okay, do you hear that Talia? Yes next time 90 day plan We will the the challenge being our season really out there is going to be memorial day weekend through labor day weekend Just due to weather. Um, and so we're continuing to look at what that looks like, especially for the 60 days For the plaza specifically, it will be a little quieter. Um, and we'll ramp up on May So uh next meeting happy to share what that looks like with you guys Seth is very glad that Mike had a flight to chat right Okay, uh chair and commissioners I'll be brief on the on the very next section as I mentioned There are a number of other timelines and deadlines that we are very closely monitoring When the commission approved the mgm schedule of the detailed construction schedule on April 12th 2018 The commission established a July 8 2019 date for the planned construction at the So-called Dave's furniture lot that Seth just described What was that day John July 8 2019. Okay So it's clear that deadline will not be met But as Seth mentioned significant progress has been made So I recommend that the commission take another look at this deadline in short order After evaluating mgm springfield's construction plans Post the signing of that lease We'll discuss a date when we can bring it before the commission But perhaps as early as that the 30 days from now the march 28th date Perhaps we can bring that to you at that point. So we'll discuss that further with mgm springfield In addition to the Dave's site We're also monitoring mgm springfield's progress on its planned solar installation That too Has a deadline in the near future Pursuant to our section 61 requirements those installations shall be complete within one year of the opening of mgm springfield facility One more item that I'll mention is the completion of mgm's Transportation demand management measures that that are also required in their section 61 Requirements, you know due to the time the time in the afternoon I think if you have any further questions regarding tdm Joe Delaney is here to answer those, but otherwise we there's significant detail included in your packet One item that we'll mention that we're actively working on and mgm's actively working on is an mo you between mgm and the pvta regarding a lot of these measures, but if you have any questions, joe is here. Otherwise There's significant detail included in the packet But we will also need to address That timetable In short order regarding the tdm measures So but both the but both the solar panel discussion and the tdm could be talked about at a later meeting Yeah, we have to we have to make it determine exactly what we do because it's a section 61 requirement regarding tdm So we'll have further discussions on what we do about those measures that Necessarily we'll take a little bit longer in time. Okay There's 65 items on the on the tdm plan and Most of those I guess have been wrapped up or completed Is there one or two that are really a particular concern either to our licensee or to you and joe that Well, I think I will just mention the the mo you we've had communications with the pvta And with mgm springfield about wrapping that up in short order. It does, you know take a little bit of Uh additional work to put together the mo you and I know both pvta and mgm are tremendously busy But I know that they've making great they're making great efforts to to communicate regarding all the priorities locally You know, they obviously work on the loop together. They work on a lot of different initiatives And we've heard those reports In meetings that joe and I have had with mgm. So we know that they're making a great amount of progress Um, and hopefully things will be completed fairly fairly soon on that mo you Agreed john and to be clear we we have an existing mo you with the pvta that we We negotiated and we went through to develop the loop and and get that loop service up and running And so whether we do a separate one or amend our existing one to incorporate the additional commitments Is one thing where we've been discussing with them, but it is one of our priorities And our our prior Relationship entering into the mo you fill the loop demonstrates our our ability to work together and get that done it's just Again a lot irons in the fire taking a little longer than than we had hoped but that is that is on our priority list That's great Sounds good Thank you very much Thank you. I might suggest while we have the mgm folks up here and the pen folks have been incredibly patient Um, if we could just do the service employee exemption, um quickly I agree with that in case or any questions if Yeah, right for the record continued patients for the record. Mr. Mathis promised lance aerosmith tickets for Sorry At least four Good afternoon manager curtis Good afternoon chair and commissioners. How are you today? Good afternoon? Thank you. Very good. Very good Today i'm joined with um jason randal as you know, who's the director of human resources for mgm springfield We come before you for approval on service employee exemptions in your packet You'll find a memo requesting your consideration for the approval of 15 positions for exemption at mgm springfield These 15 positions include 10 unique job profile numbers that represent 67 individuals The commission staff has worked collaboratively with mgm springfield human resources department And the part of this collaboration has resulted in the positions that we are putting before you for your consideration commission staff has recommended these positions be exempt Since the positions fall outside of the commissions endorse the factors for consideration of making exemption determinations The only question I had is one position was a manager position that had employees underneath But you are still recommending that that position Um That that position and i'm trying to find the position is it graphic arts? Would that be the creative manager? I think it would be and but there were levels of supervision above it I just wanted a clarification on that Yes commissioner cameron is this five levels of um supervisory folks above them That's correct So you made a determination that although it is a supervisors position Um, it did not require Correct it falls outside of the parameters Well, one of the termination is managerial responsibilities Oh in any department. Yes, um, but in the past we've always Eliminated a managerial position if there are multiple levels of managers above that position I don't recall seeing one like this, but it is you're saying there is precedent here Yes Okay, well, there's also other other criteria that that would fall under right that that person is not under on the gaming floor necessarily correct But these are all of the factors so right usually if it touches any one of them We don't allow the exclusion, but I think we're getting the explanation here I believe commissioner cameron. There may be additional Positions that are similarly supervisory in nature, but there are the levels of oversight As well as the one that you You notice is one is the one that I flagged there are others So and I I saw that when I didn't see the others Well, for instance, uh transportation supervisor I think I'm sorry. I don't have my notes with me. Um, yeah Mm-hmm, but I believe you explained to me Mr. Curtis that there were additional Oversight yes and an additional levels of supervision in in multiples not just one or two correct Okay, so you're comfortable. There's no risk Yeah, I would just remind the commission You know that I think One of the factors I I believe Looking back on the history of this that the commission also Considered in even supporting the legislation for exemption Is that the company itself still does a background check? They don't necessarily have the automatic disqualifiers we did under the statute, but they are able to look at Potentially criminal history, but it would have to be associated with the type of job that's going on And they'd make that initial interpretation So it's so this as just a reminder these exemptions doesn't mean a person gets hired without any process at all There are still the company's process And if I understand correctly we could reverse any exemption at any time The only other clarification I had asked you for earlier was the um supervisor entertainment events activation position and just For everyone else's edification. You did clarify for me that those are all non gaming floor events, correct? That's correct. No events in that department are run on the gaming floor thank you well, I'm I'm Happy to go along with these requests for exemptions. I have been In the past among the commissioners that believe that this exemption is a really it really this process really goes a long way towards Providing jobs to the underemployed unemployed, which is a big Um Principal in the statute That at the same time also allows us to conform To the background check and suitability and and and and what not licensing rather In this case of many of the operations that are more critical those having to do with cash casino operations and so on so For your benefit, we had a long process of arriving to this exemption Uh provision, which we are now voting on a few more than what we've done in the past for mgm and ppc And I think uh, it's has been really a good compromise Yes, and I have to thank mr. Curtis. He's given me two very extensive briefings So I am very comfortable with the process and the framework at this point. I will still You did have a question though an outstanding question on one of the positions Yes, and mr. Reynolds going to answer a few excellent. Thank you so much Perfect related to the food server position that does in room dining or room service Related to service of alcohol that may be brought to the room The standard operating procedure for that position is to verify identification to ensure Any of the recipients of the of the order are 21 So those those servers will be checking IDs in the room Thank you very much and Commissioners, do you have any additional questions? Okay, is there a motion I'd be happy to move that the commission approve The request to exempt from The following the gaming service employees Outlined in the packet today from the licensing requirements Period second any further discussion All those in favor aye Those opposed five zero Thank you As everybody settles in the commissioners will take a five minute break. Thank you so much Yes, thank you chair Up next we ask Plain Ridge park to present its quarterly report representing plain ridge parker lance george general manager Kim rigo vice president of human resources who Unfortunately will be here for her last meeting with us I certainly enjoyed all of her visits in the past And mike mule or vice president of operations and with that I turn it over to thanks. John great to be here As as usual jump right into it 15 20 minutes is what commissioner stevens committed to As We will start with revenues and taxes several numbers on this slide point to Just a couple A year of year comparison of the fourth quarter shows a modest uptick in revenue and taxes paid This increase was largely driven by a stronger than expected december Notably q4 does represent the first full quarter that ppc has faced the impact of two new casino openings in the form of mgm And then closer to home the new facility in tibetan rhodi on that is just over the border All in for the fourth quarter 2018 The combination of taxes paid to the commonwealth and fees paid to the horseman at 49 percent total approximately 20 million with gaming revenues just under 40.5 million Successful quarter successful year with revenues increasing by roughly 6.8 million from 2017 to 2018 Lottery sales Again a lot of numbers here. I'll highlight just a couple quarter four 2018 total sales of 867 000 of 5.5 percent year over year In total per 2018 Sales of 3.6 million an increase of almost 10 percent Encouraging year over year trend with no material change to the relationship or in the approach In essence number of machines remains consistent as does the location of those machines. No no significant changes Transitioning to spending and procurement by states these next two slides will go hand in hand relating to in-state spending And so for quarter four 66 percent or approximately 1.5 million of the eligible spend occurred in state The remainder is split amongst several other states year-end results On the next slide we're largely consistent as well with 74 percent of the eligible spend occurring in state Purchasing team continues to make spending in mass a priority certainly pleased with uh with these numbers no doubt digging A little deeper into the properties procurement for 2018 We've provided a breakdown of local spending for host community and surrounding communities Approximately 740 000 of ppc's procurement spend in 2018 Occurred in our local and surrounding communities with the majority occurring in the towns of plainville and mansfield And with that, I will turn it over to kim. This is her last meeting. I too will miss her greatly And I think we all wish her well. She heads down to pittsburgh Thank you lance. Good afternoon everyone Dive into the vendor diversity. So this is a really good story. So we've met and exceeded our goal for each quarter We had growth in minority business enterprises as well as veteran business Enterprises we've had Sorry about that Significant growth in women businesses and that was specifically in q4 due to Food and beverage equipment with smash burger purchases for the opening of smash burgers with kithridge at 172 000 A direct mail with vendor payments highlighting liberty creative services for 148 000 And we also had marketing promotional goods from global promotional sourcing as well Heading now into So continued vendor diversity. So 2018 by quarter Each quarter We were able to meet or exceed our goal continuing to do that. So women business Enterprises was for about 13 different vendors at 1.3 million Minority businesses. There were 11 at 439 000 And veterans there were eight at 315 000. So pen is in the process of Doing a spend alignment. So where it's accessible we're looking to retain and continue to move to diverse diverse suppliers Next i'm going to take us through our employment So our totals each quarter are an as of date. So though the end of december was at 461 Um, this is down slightly and in no way is indicative of a trend We do see seasonality with racing and had several layoffs related to racing But all of those employees will be returning with us in the spring and in march when racing comes back on on board We do currently have as of this time 473 employees Our full-time employment 309 Me 67 percent of our population part time is 152 at 33 percent Our other numbers remain larger the same. So diversity We typically go up and down one percentage point. So that's at 26 percent Veterans remains the same at five percent a massachusetts residents were up slightly with one percent higher So at 65 percent and our local continues to trend the same at 34 percent We are very proud of our male and female We are 50 50. So we've hit our a new goal 50 percent women and so we have seen even with the reduction in numbers for the month of december. There was still an increase Over q3 in the number of women that we are employing That being said, let's move on into women leaning at penn one of my favorite initiatives So I did want to touch base about the things that we've done and q1 q4 was a little flat with the holidays We didn't have a lot of stuff going on and we were preparing for these two events in q1 of this year So we did have Ann Nicholson. So ann is the ceo and president of simons group She also is a member of the board of global gaming women So ann spoke enterprise-wide with penn national So it was a live recording and then we were able to play it back and it was such a motivational opportunity to See her speak that i'm glad that we're able to record it and we have it available so that women can continue to watch it Refer to it. I've even referred back to our slides. Um, so it's very much an empowering session So she spoke a lot about building your personal brand and communicating assertively so Very much respect ann and and enjoyed that We just had This week actually ashley parry. I was thought I was able to to still be here for for that as well Ashley did a workshop with us on leadership courage And confidence. Uh, she spoke at i don't remember her gail. She spoke She spoke at the women's expo and so we were able to bring her back and do a small workshop with several women So it was a very intimate session So for two hours and we talked a lot about having tough conversations and giving and receiving feedback The team really enjoyed her and she's also Agreed to if people if if some of the our team members were in the group Reach out to her to do some continued consulting in one-on-one conversations with them. So i'm i'm very excited about that She also was very excited that she's just done a ted talk So I haven't watched it yet, but i'm looking forward to to looking at ashley's ted talk great kim question These two programs the group of women that are being mentored at penn To be future leaders. Is that the same group you're working with or is the are these programs open to others as well? Uh specifically that the group so that initial 15 and then michelle and i make 17 So that initial group, but also because we recorded and's Program, I know several of the women in our group want to share that with with their teams as well So there is an opportunity with this one particularly that we are able to share that Across the across the property in different departments with all all different levels I did want to mention to that of the 17 there are four that have been promoted in the last year And there are four that have also had expanded roles. So so we're very very excited about that I'm one of them. So i'm excellent. I'm excited about that too. Um, and when we initially started the program Um, we had males and management at 65 percent and females at 35 percent I'm not sure this is largely due to the program But I am pleased to report that we now have 60 percent males and 40 percent women in management So five percent increase so five percent increase so Great, thank you Thank you, and i'm going to turn this over to mike to talk about compliance Before kim you turn it up. It could we go back to your vendor diversity slides? Um You said that this is a good story. Can you before you leave shed light? for my sake perhaps on How how you've accomplished these goals? What do you think it's the the greatest driver for you in terms of achieving the diversity? Um, I think largely due to elie huard who is our purchasing manager Eli has worked very closely with jill and working to find vendors and resources and meeting with people and going to I think he went to a My world. It's a career fair, but I know it was like a like an vendor fair. Thank you jill. Um, and he did a lot of work with Looking at new vendors and opportunities and looking at the types of things that we spend and what other Vendors are are out in in the local and surrounding community to be able to partner with director griffin Does has mgm or plane which worked with the I think it's the operating services division very closely They have Still early on they worked very closely during construction um, and the os and e supplies and I think they're They're they're open to working more closely for operations. I have to say the mgm has been very willing um to Talk with vendors. I've referred a handful as has um crystal Howard of referred some diverse vendors and what were just Businesses who have expressed interest in doing business with mgm And we find that these businesses, you know get a phone call they get information and and sometimes get business Good good That division that I mentioned osd helps on the certification process and can streamline those processes and I think that they Uh, I assume that office might have expos and vendor fairs that maybe mgm hasn't been accessing and maybe plane which would want to access but Excellent excellent results Congratulations, and I didn't have the pleasure of working with you, but I do know it's a big promotion. So congratulations. Thank you Yeah, I'd like to join that. I have had the pleasure of working with you and you did a fabulous job with the uh, the women at penn who lead program and Promotions are always a great thing, aren't they? So congrats and good luck with that. Thank you I'll come back and visit. Okay, great. I also want to just congratulate him, too I guess I can say she's a star because now she's moving out of our jurisdiction Um, but she's been wonderful to work with she has brought Been more than willing to go out and host community college Representatives to come to ppc and talk about employment opportunities We just had a great email the other day from the direct state director of The word for center career services. Alice Sweeney talking about how helpful and engaging you were We hope your successor and I'm pretty sure your successor will Well, they have big shoes to fill but we look forward to working with that person as well and Only because we talked about it with them GM. Obviously, we're going to be sitting down with your success. We're going through some of the kind of Reporting requirements that you guys are going to have again kind of beyond what's been in the traditional quarterly report As well as a form that will Accurately reflect kind of the new hiring goals that you guys have worked with us on so We'll be moving that along as well and you'll be in Pittsburgh. We don't have to worry about it But we'll miss you. You've done a great job. You can come visit Thank you Good afternoon, uh, madam chair and commissioners Before I start compliance. I will also add that kim will be greatly missed. She's Been great to work with these last few years Looking at our compliance in q4 we had about 20,000 just under 20,000 id checks at our three security podiums These id checks prevented 238 patrons from entering the casino and of those 238 patrons 10 were minors 42 were classified as underage 184 had expired invalid or no id's And there were two fake id's that were turned over to our local g eu agents In october we had one underage person gain access to the gaming floor for a total of eight minutes The person went straight to the players services area where a cashier immediately identified them as underage Security was called and that person was escorted from the facility They did not game nor did they consume any alcoholic averages Great numbers Looking at the next slide we continue to support our local community in terms of contributions Shown on the slide is a partial list of our q4 donations looking at ymca of adelboro Parkway community ymca The le fund which supports cancer patients while they're undergoing their treatments personal best Which is an organization that helps feed and support local families in southeast massachusetts The town of mansfield and relay for life Our relay for life goal as a property was 25,000 dollars, which we're happy to say we surpassed in 2018 Um, and we have beat our increasing goal every year since 2016 when we started Our goal for 2019 is now 30,000 dollars For pen all of pen properties who are participating in relay for life Over 427,000 dollars was raised to help support the efforts of the american cancer societies relay for life To other events worth mentioning We've recently added two donation boxes to our floor For guests to drop their low-value to to tickets in And those funds once collected will also be going to relay for life so we've had a It's been just a few weeks and a great response so far And also this past December in our employee dining room. We did a santa for seniors program This is where we had a tree set up with ornaments and had suggested gifts for seniors on the ornaments and our employees Pick the ornaments and went out and purchased the gifts Then those gifts were distributed to local senior centers to provide gifts for some seniors that Might not have been able to get gifts for the holidays It was very well received by our by our team. They did a great job with that Finally, uh, you can see our winning wednesdays there where we donated $777 for every red socks regular season win during their 2018 world championship season So a lot of money was uh was donated this year That goes to my next point because when I looked at the schedule when I was putting this together Wednesday was a great day to pick because the red socks went 17 and 6 on wednesdays on wednesdays so Those 17 wins got another 13 thousand dollars towards relay for life. That's great. Have we um, have we converted or Are we converted lands yet? There's there's no chance It's just Very hard to live here and not feel the fever. It's hard to live at my house and not feel the fever great great You can see on the slide that we've uh the check presenting ceremony For that 13 thousand dollars to the relay for life and in summary our q4 donations to this running local communities totaled over 62 thousand dollars Moving on to the next slide in q4. We continue to sponsor local organizations like Patriots and Gillette stadium and i'll be touching a little bit on that on the next slide Nessin where we have in-game sponsorships with the red socks and the Bruins NBC sports has their monday night patriots program which is a radio show that is in our fluty sports bar after every sunday game And that is one of the hosts is former patriot linebacker rob nickovich And we continue our relationship with valet at the rentham village premium outlet malls Where our patrons can show their players card and receive a loyalty card for the outlet malls to get discounts on their spends there final slide We're going to look at our q4 marketing highlights As I just mentioned our relationship with rentham outlet malls. We continue to give out our rentham outlet and simon gift card promotions It's a very popular promotion with our guests, especially in q4 around the holiday season as they can take those gift cards and and spend locally at the outlet mall And a new year's eve for our guests. We introduced a 80s themed party across the entire casino floor where the highlight of that party was having the actual delorean from back to the future On the floor and the guests were able to look at it And there was a representative there that they could ask questions and get their pictures taken with it It was a very popular event As I mentioned earlier, we worked with the super bowl 53 winning champ new england patriots To offer some exciting experiences to our guests The first one was a vip experience where four lucky guests receive seats to a Patriots buffalo bills game They also receive vip parking and passes to the cross pavilion The next was a great event called the patriots flyaway experience where two lucky guests receive tickets to the patriots stealers game in pittsburgh Field passes ground transportation and they got to fly back and forth on the patriots team plane Wow In addition to those great experiences. We also have our season tickets that we offer to our guests on a regular basis We also work with the boston bruins to offer four guests Bruin Bruins suite experience where they receive tickets to the suite at td garden for the columbus bluejackets game Dinner and transportation to and from the game Our final marketing highlight is one that we're very proud of And you can see the picture up on the screen. We partnered with the massachusetts council on compulsive gambling and our local game sense office To provide a drop-off point for guests who wanted to support the holiday lottery Responsible gaming campaign and toy drive As you can see from the photo. It was quite a response from both our Employees and our guests and we were able to provide holiday gifts to many local children that were in need Are you good? Well done. You um you weathered the competition. Well the numbers look really really strong Yeah, it's uh It's been interesting. So we were down, you know publicly reported numbers for uh, september october november and then December we were up 10 percent year over year, uh, january down a bit Um, and so we'll see what happens as we continue But it's certainly been a bit of a challenge to understand what that impact is I would have known more other than december Right, not sure other than weather. It certainly was favorable. Yes, certainly a nice rebound in december force, right? Thank you. Very good report. Appreciate appreciate the hard work Thank you Uh commissioners next on the agenda is a review of plain ridge parks progress towards meeting its goals and commitments Included in your packet as a summary memorandum regarding this commitment review And reports and documents provided by plain ridge park regarding these commitments By way of background Commission staff and the commission's audit committee Have been engaged in a review of plain ridge parks progress and meeting goals and requirements specified in plain ridge parks original application Hosted and surrounding community agreements section 61 findings Its workforce plan and associated RFA to workforce requirements As the commission is aware plain ridge park and all the commission's licensees appear before the commission Quarterly as today to report on their progress and meeting commitments This commitment the commitment review detailed in the memorandum in your packet Describes a further in-depth review of items discussed at the quarterly briefings and other important matters for review Uh as noted in the memorandum It is clear that plain ridge park has demonstrated success In meeting a significant majority of the goals and stipulations of the original applications Plain ridge park will provide a briefing regarding many of these categories of items In addition plain ridge park will also detail efforts it has made And is making to meet some of the goals and requirements that it has not yet met For example, it will discuss plans regarding the fulfillment of requirements To add a bus connection to plain ridge park It will also discuss efforts it has made and is making regarding its employment goals and requirements In that regard included in your packet is a draft amendment to plain ridge park's current workforce plan Both staff and plain ridge park recommend that the commission update this plan to include new measures to help plain ridge park achieve Its employment goals and objectives and also to revise some language that we believe sets unattainable standards workforce director jill griffin and program manager crystal howard are here to Help assist in the conversation regarding plain ridge park's workforce goals We note that we are not requesting nor recommend that the commission take any final action on the items before you today Instead we recommend that the commission request plain ridge park To discuss with its hosts and surrounding communities the status of its compliance with its goals particularly the local hiring goals And we also request that the commission should ask plain ridge park to meet with Gattra that'll be described by lance in short order And mass dot regarding the proposal to extend the route 14 bus line to plain ridge park and finally We also recommend that we should post The proposed amended workforce plan before taking any final action on any such plan So with that as a general background, let me turn it over to Director jill griffin who will provide some opening remarks and then turn it over to the plain ridge group Chair jed stein and commissioners Um As mentioned in the memo we reviewed various categories to ensure that the goals and requirements in the original application And the host and surrounding community agreements Section 61 findings and the strategic plan to engage the under and unemployed workforce plan were met But I actually wanted to talk to you a little bit about the process and Um How we got to the amended workforce plan Director xiemba general counsel blue and construction project oversight manager joe delaney as well as mary thurlow And crystal howard and I began meeting with lance george and his senior leadership team Back in september of 2017 and we This morning reviewed those meetings and These meetings were Really vitally important important and I think this process really worked Plain Ridge park also met with our executive director and the compliance committee to review Their revised plan and and new goals And I I think that Lance would agree that we had some very healthy discussions during some of those meetings I wanted to commend plain ridge park For their commitment to not only meeting the goals and exceeding the goals But the revisions in the plans they've included some really strong tactics and measures That will help them to achieve Especially their workforce hiring goals and and potentially even exceeding them So they've proposed an amendment to the workforce plan They've included enhanced strategies that really may be the factor in creating successful outcomes for residents in massachusetts and these Increased measures including include Job fairs on property and an employee Referral program. I'm not going to get into the specifics because they'll talk a little bit about that They've established a very strong relationship with career centers and community colleges And and they already talked to you about the women in leadership program that focuses on promoting from within Um I'll turn it over to lance george, but first I want to recognize also Kim rego who's moving on to pittsburgh And she's a great example of someone who's been promoted to another property Might affect your numbers locally for a little bit unfortunately, but um, congratulations to you Thank you. I will touch on gattra and public transportation And then I'll turn it over to kim to provide some detail on ppc's workforce development plan As well as in updates on salaries and wages as well staffing and discuss how our current status compares to the original rfa 2 application I would say overall we are incredibly pleased as we've taken this opportunity for a look back over the last several months I think we're in good shape As noted in the commissioner's packet relative to gattra ppc has had productive conversations recently There are a few service options that have been highlighted in gattra's regional transit plan That would provide service to the root one corridor, which certainly ppc is a part of Conversations continue and are ongoing. However, progress has been encouraging As noted in the recommendations, uh, we will provide ongoing updates during our quarterly reports and fully anticipate continued progress In short, I believe we're in a good place. Um And certainly we look forward being part of the expansion of the route 14 bus. I don't foresee Any significant roadblocks at this time given our recent productive conversations Lance, can I uh, just ask um, I know it's hard to predict the time frame But anything that uh in in those terms that you might be able to um to speak to In terms of time frame as far as completing that initiative. Yeah, certainly. I think we're optimistic that it's 2019 I know that they would like to move quickly. They had some thoughts Moving into a north adobe location in spring And as you look at the existing route, um, certainly there is already a drop-off in the town of plainville and I'm oversimplifying it. Certainly that seems simple enough to extend that there is also a very large development on route one Less than a mile up the street from us that I know they would also like to tap into That has mixed housing as well as retail So they're open to it. Uh, I believe they see that new development as an opportunity for them as well So you're really looking that I mean This is great And I think it can serve the dual purpose of not only allowing patrons to easily excess access plain rich park, but You know to kim's concern What can this Uh allow Residents of the area to access your employment opportunities as well Personally, I think I'm more optimistic on the employment side than I am on the patron side. I do believe there's opportunity Because the route is local So I I do believe there's opportunity on the employment side for sure. Okay, great salaries and wages And staffing so there's two things that I'd like to talk about so the workforce development plan and the rfa 2 They updated ppc strategic plan to engage and recruit the diverse under an unemployed workforce population Takes into account the changing landscape of workforce development We discussed in the new plan how the unemployment rate in massachusetts is significant below the national average and our local and surrounding communities Among the lowest in the state Penn national and ppc's equal opportunity policy has not has not changed We strongly believe in giving equal employment and advancement opportunities to all employees and applicants In fact, we have raised our initial goal from 10 percent to 15 percent of our workforce being comprised of individuals from ethnic minority groups Given the success we have had since opening The goal of maintaining 90 percent of the workforce coming from the host and surrounding communities has proven to be more difficult Due to among other factors a significant decrease like I mentioned in the unemployment rate We have we have made concerted efforts to reach a sustainable target percentage of workforce from the hosting surrounding communities Including numerous job fairs recruitment bonuses and other incentive programs We propose that we shift the local hiring goal to 35 percent so it aligns with the current workforce environment We will continue to utilize recruitment tactics tactics to identify employee residents of the host and surrounding communities in fact, we would also like to increase Additional goals to the plan so that 50 percent of our workforce will be women That 2 percent of more of our workforce will be veterans and to hire 65 percent or more of our workforce from the state of Massachusetts Additional recruitment goals that we've added into the plan include hosting an on-site career fair per calendar year attending a minimum of one veteran career fair per calendar year in massachusetts Attend at least two college career fairs per calendar year in massachusetts and partner with the massachusetts career centers and coordinate at least two hiring events And as we've discussed earlier today, we talked about how we had a meeting back in october We have also had meetings since then with our mass hire current parts and We continue to build our relationship with mass hire. We've also Happy to be part of now the resource solution initiative and now have a designated mass hire coordinator That will assist us in continuing to partner with mass hire to get out to career fairs and it's much Easier program now that we're coordinating through through one individual out of the the bristol career center Other additions to the plan included developing opportunities with illustrations of career ladders at planeridge for culinary and slot operation positions We've also included in the plan our women leading at penn program Lastly, I'd like to discuss the 2013 rfa2 It included projections in the full competition scenario for number of employees and salary and benefit totals Our jobs companion represents 99.6 of the projection. However, there are always going to be open positions We're happy to report that after comparing the total salaries and benefits from calendar year 2018 the number of employees is at 91 of the total and the compensation is at 96 of the projection projected total We have met or exceeded the projected number of employees in several job classifications Specifically in food and beverage two out of the three subcategories and other administrative support in one of the four subcategories And then the engineering transportation and valet and two of the three subcategories I don't know if this is the appropriate time to ask but going through The attachment in terms of what you've complied with Um, can you talk to me at all about the daycare options? I know it says you don't have the capacity on site Is there anything other than what's described in here and that you're working on are there any specifics about offering daycare options? So we do have a relationship with the daycare center That is two miles down the road and certainly that is the recommendation that we provide to our employees That is the extent of the relationship at this point We work with those folks prior to opening to ensure that we would send our employees their direction But that's it in terms of because that was in there in the original one. Has there been any further action taken to find Additional options or to make that an easier choice for them. There has not at this time That's certainly something we'll take under advisement and look into further, but there has not at this time Does that conclude the presentation? yeah Now I know there's no vote necessarily today. Um, but is there any other Topics that we need to touch on uh, so no vote uh is being requested But as I as I noted we're going to do we're hoping to do three things we're going to ask Plain rich park to meet with all of its local communities to go over how it's been doing with all of its commitments There's extensive detail regarding how it's uh, been doing it in each of the commitments and its surrounding community agreements And host community agreements and they can go over some of the local hiring goals specifically in the workforce plan In addition, we're requesting plain rich park to meet with both mastod and with gattra to finalize the bus route alternative plan And then we want to put up for comment The revised workforce plan and our goal Would be that we would bring it back to the commission and all likelihood by the next quarterly report For plain rich park. So with that We know that the team at plain rich park has been doing A lot of work over the last year to to take a look at all of their compliance items We of course will continue to take a look at compliance as we go forward Um, and indeed over the next year What we'll take even closer looks right And um, and if I may I I um, this was referenced earlier, but um, I have attended the compliance group um meetings that Take place once a month and these review these What started as the mid term review and is now Really the the compliance review for ppc is now a couple of months a few months In the making And have been Previewed to some of the detailed conversations that have happened and that you have summarized the team has here has summarized well And I think it's a great outcome To what leads us at this point And and your suggestions, I think I really write on point as well To to really point in the direction of these additional conversations with the host community For the employment goal and GATRA for the transportation goal And then post those for additional further comments before we take any any other action Thank you for your presentation today. Thank you. I'm Batsman Siemba and director Griffin very very helpful in terms of The one question I did have When will we be revealing the workforce number? Is there a date on that or so? Our anticipation would be at the next quarterly report with plain rich park, which we haven't scheduled that date, but Luckily the next quarter two plus months away If we do see a need we could always bring the workforce plan to the commission earlier than that, but Perhaps I think that would be a good timetable Well, thank you and and and good luck to everyone, but particularly to you Thank you. Thanks very much. Good luck in Pittsburgh. Thank you And drive home carefully I think we can move to item six commissioners updates. Do we have any I have one update? Um And that is that we have been officially selected by the board of directors for the international association of gaming regulators To host the 2020 conference here in boston. We would be the host agency and You know typically It's 250 to 300 regulators from around the world very interesting group and Um, I think it's it's a it's a good thing for our commission to do um, some of us have been active members with this association and We just received word this week That we have been selected to do that. So just wanted most of you knew that. Yeah, great great news. It's um Usually september or october is when they have it. They wait for another conference. They, uh They wait for the dates to be posted for, um, the los vegas Conference with g2e, which is usually the end of september. So we will we're in the process of working with the board janice of course has, um As she always does, uh, you know volunteered to really, um spearhead our effort on behalf of the commission will but but we will be looking for volunteers to assist and um So you will get the date shortly and um, work on all the other logistics with the with the association But it's in 2020, right? It's in 2020. Correct. Yes No, it's a it's a conference that I know I know you've attended I have um in the past something that I've been uh, yes, and I know Our fellow regulators are looking forward to coming to boston, especially those from uh outside the united states Exciting news for us. Yeah, excellent Any other reports from commissioners? Yeah, I have one. It's a little bit of uh, um preview of what's to come in in in the next month, but March is a problem gambling awareness month um March begins tomorrow and There are a lot of efforts that go That are visible and a lot of efforts that are behind the scenes relative to a lot of awareness education and prevention we will be hearing from Um director van der linden and others Hopefully during the next couple of meetings Uh on some of the details of what uh takes place in in now two properties Uh in mgm and and ppc And a lot of those efforts just to summarize summarize them very briefly um include education and uh and prevention work with casino employees who happen to be A group that is at slightly higher risk of um having a developing a problem gambling And so um our game sense program is very much a hands-on Program in that effect as well something that is not quite visible to uh to the public But it's important for us to um to understand and appreciate And we will have again a lot of more of those updates in the coming commission meetings Going Well item seven is reserved for Any matters not reason to be interested at this time of posting by the chair Uh having none I have a motion to adjourn So moved Second All those in discussion All those in favor. Aye. Aye. Aye. Five zero Thank you
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Daniel Deronda | George Eliot | General Fiction, Romance | Book | English | 19/19
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CHAPTER 69 The human nature unto which I felt that I belonged, and reverenced with love, was not a punctual presence, but a spirit diffused through time and space, with aid derived of evidence from monuments, erect, prostrate, or leaning toward their common rest in earth, the widely scattered wreck sublime of vanished nations. Wordsworth The Prelude Sir Hugo carried out his plan of spending part of the autumn at Diplo, and by the beginning of October his presence was spreading some cheerfulness in the neighborhood, among all ranks and persons concerned, from the stately home of Brackenshaw and Ketchum to the respectable shop parlors in Wanchester. For Sir Hugo was a man who liked to show himself and be affable, a liberal of good lineage, who confided entirely in reform as not likely to make any serious difference in English habits of feeling, one of which undoubtedly is the liking to behold society well fenced and adorned with hereditary rank. Hence he made Diplo a most agreeable house, extending his invitations to old Wanchester solicitors and young village curates, but also taking some care in the combination of the guests, and not feeding all the common poultry together so that they should think their meal no particular compliment. Easygoing Lord Brackenshaw, for example, would not mind meeting Robinson the attorney, but Robinson would have been naturally piqued if he had been asked to meet a set of people who passed for his equals. On all these points Sir Hugo was well informed enough at once to gain popularity for himself and to give pleasure to others, two results which eminently suited his disposition. The rector of Pentecoate now found a reception at Diplo very different from the haughty tolerance he had undergone during the reign of Grandcourt. It was not that the baronet liked Mr. Gasquan, it was that he desired to keep up a marked relation of friendliness with him on account of Mrs. Grandcourt, to whom Sir Hugo's chivalry had become more and more engaged. Why? The chief reason was one that he could not fully communicate, even to Lady Malinger, for he would not tell what he thought one woman's secret to another, even though the other was his wife, which shows that his chivalry included a rare reticence. Duranda, after he had become engaged to Myra, felt it right to make a full statement of his position and purposes to Sir Hugo, and he chose to make it by letter. He had more than a presentiment that his fatherly friend would feel some dissatisfaction, if not pain, at this turn of his destiny. In reading unwelcome news, instead of hearing it, there is the advantage that one avoids a hasty expression of impatience, which may afterward be repented of. Duranda dreaded that verbal collision which makes otherwise pardonable feeling lastingly offensive. And Sir Hugo, though not altogether surprised, was thoroughly vexed. His immediate resource was to take the letter to Lady Malinger, who would be sure to express an astonishment which her husband could argue against as unreasonable, and in this way divide the stress of his discontent. And in fact, when she showed herself astonished and distressed that all Daniel's wonderful talents and the comfort of having him in the house should have ended in his going mad in this way about the Jews, the Baronet could say, Oh, nonsense, my dear! Depend upon it. Dan will not make a fool of himself. He has large notions about Judaism, political views which you can't understand. No fear, but Dan will keep himself head up or most. But with regard to the prospective marriage, she afforded him no counter-irritant. The gentle lady observed without rancor that she had little dreamed of what was coming when she had Myra to sing at her musical party and give lessons to Annabelle. After some hesitation, indeed, she confessed it had passed through her mind that after a proper time Daniel might marry Mrs. Grandcourt, because it seemed so remarkable that she should be at Genoa just at that time. And although she herself was not fond of widows, she could not help thinking that such a marriage would have been better than his going altogether with the Jews. But Sir Hugo was so strongly of the same opinion that he could not correct it as a feminine mistake, and his ill-humour at the disproof of his disagreeable conclusions on behalf of Gwendolyn was left without vent. He desired Lady Malinger not to breathe a word about the affair till further notice saying to himself, If it is an unkind cut to the poor thing, meaning Gwendolyn, the longer she is without knowing it the better, in her present nervous state, and she will best murn it from Dan himself. Sir Hugo's conjectures had worked so industriously with his knowledge that he fancied himself well informed concerning the whole situation. Meanwhile, his residence with his family at Diplo enabled him to continue his fatherly attentions to Gwendolyn, and Denise Lady Malinger, notwithstanding her small liking for widows, was quite willing to second him. The plan of removal to Offending had been carried out, and Gwendolyn, in settling there, maintained a calm beyond her mother's hopes. She was experiencing some of that peaceful melancholy which comes from the renunciation of demands for self, and from taking the ordinary good of existence, and especially kindness even from a dog, as a gift above expectation. Does one who has been all but lost in a pit of darkness complain of the sweet air in the daylight? There is a way of looking at our life daily as an escape, and taking the quiet return of morn and evening, still more of the star-like outglowing of some pure fellow feeling, some generous impulse breaking our inward darkness, as a salvation that reconciles us to hardship. Those who have a self-knowledge prompting such self-accusation as hamlets can understand this habitual feeling of rescue. And it was felt by Gwendolyn as she lived through and through again the terrible history of her temptations, from their first form of illusory self-pleasing when she struggled away from the hold of conscience, to their latest form of an urgent hatred dragging her toward its satisfaction, while she prayed and cried for the help of that conscience which she had once forsaken. She was now dwelling on every word of Durandus that pointed to her past deliverance from the worst evil in herself, and the worst infliction of it on others, and on every word that carried a force to resist self-despair. But she was also upborn by the prospect of soon seeing him again. She did not imagine him otherwise than always within her reach, her supreme need of him blinding her to the separateness of his life, the whole scene of which she filled with his relation to her. No unique preoccupation of Gwendolyn's, for we are all apt to fall into this passionate egoism of imagination, not only toward our fellow men, but toward God. And the future which she turned her face to with a willing step was one where she would be continually assimilating herself to some type that he would hold before her. Had he not first risen on her vision as a corrective presence which she had recognized in the beginning with resentment, and at last with entire love and trust, she could not spontaneously think of an end to that reliance which had become to her imagination like the firmness of the earth, the only condition of her walking. And Duranda was not long before he came to Diplo, which was a more convenient distance from town than the Abbey. He had wished to carry out a plan for taking Ezra and Myra to a mild spot on the coast while he prepared another home which Myra might enter as his bride and where they might unitedly watch over her brother. But Ezra begged not to be removed unless it were to go with them to the East. All outward solicitations were becoming more and more of a burden to him, but his mind dwelt on the possibility of this voyage with a visionary joy. Duranda in his preparations for the marriage which he hoped might not be deferred beyond a couple of months wished to have fuller consultation as to his resources on affairs generally with Sir Hugo, and here was a reason for not delaying his visit to Diplo. But he thought quite as much of another reason, his promise to Gwendolyn. The sense of blessedness in his own lot had yet an aching anxiety at his heart. This may be held paradoxical, for the beloved lover is always called happy, and happiness is considered as a well-fleshed indifference to sorrow outside it. But human experience is usually paradoxical, if that means incongruous with the phrases of current talk or even current philosophy. It was no treason to Myra, but a part of that full nature which made his love for her the more worthy that his joy in her could hold by its side the care for another. For what is love itself for the one we love best, an enfolding of immeasurable cares which yet are better than any joys outside our love? Duranda came twice to Diplo and saw Gwendolyn twice, and yet he went back to town without having told her anything about the change in his lot and prospects. He blamed himself, but in all momentous communication likely to give pain we feel dependent on some preparatory turn of words or associations, some agreement of the others mood with the probable effect of what we have to impart. In the first interview Gwendolyn was so absorbed in what she had to say to him, so full of questions which he must answer about the arrangement of her life, what she could do to make herself less ignorant, how she could be kindest to everybody, and to make amends for her selfishness and try to be rid of it, that Duranda utterly shrank from waving her immediate once in order to speak of himself, nay from inflicting a wound on her in these moments when she was leaning on him for help in her path. In the second interview when he went with new resolve to command the conversation into some preparatory track he found her in a state of deep depression, overmastered by some distasteful miserable memories which forced themselves on her as something more real and ample than any new material out of which she could mold her future. She cried hysterically and said that he would always despise her. He could only seek words of soothing and encouragement, and when she gradually revived under them with that pathetic look of renewed childlike interest which we see in eyes where the lashes are still beaded with tears it was impossible to lay another burden on her. But time went on and he felt a depressing duty to make the difficult disclosure. Gwendolyn, it was true, never recognized his having any affairs, and it had never even occurred to her to ask him why he happened to be at Genoa. But this unconsciousness of hers would make a sudden revelation of affairs that were determining his course in life all the heavier blow to her, and if he left the revelation to be made by different persons she would feel that he had treated her with cruel inconsiderateness. He could not make the communication in writing. His tenderness could not bear to think of her reading his virtual farewell in solitude and perhaps feeling his words full of a harsh gladness for himself and indifference for her. He went down to Diplo again, feeling that every other peril was to be incurred rather than that of returning and leaving her still in ignorance. On this third visit Duranda found Hound's Merrick installed with his easel at Diplo, beginning his picture of the three daughters sitting on a bank in the Gainesboro style, and varying his work by rambling to Pentecoat to sketch the village children and improve his acquaintance with the Gasquans. Hound's appeared to have recovered his vivacity, but Duranda detected some feigning in it, as we detect the artificiality of a lady's bloom from its being a little too high toned and steadily persistent, a fluctuating rouge not having yet appeared among the advertisements. Also, with all his grateful friendship and admiration for Duranda, Hound's could not help a certain irritation against him, such as extremely incautious, open natures are apt to feel when the breaking of a friend's reserve discloses a state of things not merely unsuspected, but the reverse of what had been hoped and ingeniously conjectured. It is true that poor Hound's had always cared chiefly to confide in Duranda, and had been quite incurious as to any confidence that might have been given in return. But what outpour of his own affairs is not tempted to think any hint of his friend's affairs is an egotistic irrelevance. That was no reason why it was not rather a sore reflection to Hound's that while he had been all along naively opening his heart about Myra, Duranda had kept secret a feeling of rivalry which now revealed itself as the important determining fact. Moreover, it is always at their peril that our friends turn out to be something more than we were aware of. Hound's must be excused for these promptings of bruised sensibility, since he had not allowed them to govern his substantial conduct. He had the consciousness of having done right by his fortunate friend, or as he told himself, his medal had given a better ring than he would have sworn to beforehand. For Hound's had always said that in point of virtue he was a dilettante, which meant that he was very fond of it and other people, but if he meddled with it himself he cut a poor figure. Perhaps in reward of his good behaviour he gave his tongue the more freedom, and he was too fully possessed by the notion of Duranda's happiness to have a conception of what he was feeling about Gwendolyn so that he spoke of her without hesitation. When did you come down, Hound, said Duranda, joining him in the grounds where he was making a study of the requisite bank and trees? Oh, ten days ago, before the time Sir Hugo fixed, I ran down with Rex Gasquan and stayed at the rectory a day or two. I am up in all the gossip of these parts. I know the state of the wheel-right's interior, and have assisted at an infant school examination. After Anna, with the good upper lip, escorted me, else I should have been mobbed by three urchins and an idiot, because of my long hair and general appearance which departs from the pentechote type of the beautiful. Altogether the village is idyllic. Its only fault is a dark curate with broad shoulders and broad trousers who ought to have gone into the heavy drapery line. The Gasquans are perfect, besides being related to the Van Dyke Duchess. I caught a glimpse of her in her black robes at a distance, though she doesn't show to visitors. She was not staying at the rectory, said Duranda? No, but I was taken to Ophondine to see the old house, and as a consequence I saw the Duchess's family. I suppose you have been there and know all about them? Yes, I have been there, said Duranda quietly. A final place, an excellent setting for a widow with romantic fortunes, and she seems to have had several romances. I think I have found out that there was one between her and my friend Rex. Not long before her marriage, then, said Duranda, really interested, for they had only been a year at Ophondine. How came you to know anything of it? Oh! Not ignorant of what it is to be a miserable devil! I learned to gloat on the signs of misery and others. I found out that Rex never goes to Ophondine, and has never seen the Duchess since she came back. And Miss Gasquan let fall something in our talk about charade-acting, for I went through some of my nonsense to please the young ones, something that proved to me that Rex was once hovering about his fair cousin close enough to get singed. I don't know what was her part in the affair. Perhaps the Duke came in and carried her off. That is always the way, when an exceptionally worthy young man forms an attachment. I understand now why Gasquan talks of making the law his mistress and remaining a bachelor. But these are green resolves. Since the Duke did not get himself drowned, for your sake, it may turn out to be for my friend Rex's sake. Who knows? Is it absolutely necessary that Mrs. Grandcourt should marry again, said Duranda, ready to add that Hans's success in constructing her fortune's hitherto had not been enough to warrant a new attempt? New monster, retorted Hans! Do you want her to wear weeds for you all her life? Burn herself in perpetual suitee while you are alive and merry? Duranda could say nothing, but he looked so much annoyed that Hans turned to the current of his chat, and when he was alone shrugged his shoulders a little over the thought that there really had been some stronger feeling between Duranda and the Duchess than Myra would like to know of. Why didn't she fall in love with me, thought Hans, laughing at himself? She would have had no rivals. No woman ever wanted to discuss theology with me. No wonder that Duranda winced under that sort of joking with a whiplash. It touched sensibilities that were already quivering with the anticipation of witnessing some of that pain, to which even Hans's light words seemed to give more reality. Any sort of recognition by another giving emphasis to the subject of our anxiety. And now he had come down with the firm resolve that he would not again evade the trial. The next day he rode to Offendin. He had sent word that he intended to call and to ask if Gwendolyn could receive him, and he found her awaiting him in the old drawing-room where some chief crises of her life had happened. She seemed less sad than he had seen her since her husband's death. There was no smile on her face, but a placid self-possession, in contrast with the mood in which he had last found her. She was all the more alive to the sadness perceptible in Duranda, and they were no sooner seated. He had a little distance opposite to her. Then she said, You were afraid of coming to see me because I was so full of grief and despair the last time. But I am not so to-day. I have been sorry ever since. I have been making it a reason why I should keep up my hope and be as cheerful as I can, because I would not give you any pain about me. There was an unwanted sweetness in Gwendolyn's tone and look as she uttered these words that seemed to Duranda to infuse the utmost cruelty into the task now laid upon him, but he felt obliged to make his answer a beginning of the task. I am in some trouble today, he said, looking at her rather mournfully. But it is because I have things to tell you which you will almost think at a want of confidence on my part not to have spoken of before. There are things affecting my own life, my own future. I shall seem to have made an ill return to you for the trust you have placed in me, never to have given you an idea of events that make great changes for me. But when we have been together we have hardly had time to enter into subjects which at the moment were really less pressing to me than the trials you have been going through. There was a sort of timid tenderness in Duranda's deep tones and he paused with a pleading look as if it had been Gwendolyn only who had conferred anything in her scenes of beseeching and confession. A thrill of surprise was visible in her, such meaning as she found in his words had shaken her but without causing fear. Her mind had flown at once to some change in his position with regard to Sir Hugo and Sir Hugo's property. She said with a sense of comfort from Duranda's way of asking her pardon, You never thought of anything but what you could do to help me, and I was so troublesome. How could you tell me things? It will perhaps astonish you, said Duranda, that I have only quite lately known who were my parents. Gwendolyn was not astonished. She felt the more assured that her expectations of what was coming were right. Duranda went on without check. The reason why you found me in Italy was that I had gone there to learn that. In fact, to meet my mother. It was by her wish that I was brought up in ignorance of my parentage. She parted with me after my father's death when I was a little creature. But she is now very ill, and she felt that the secrecy ought not to be any longer maintained. Her chief reason had been that she did not wish me to know I was a Jew. A Jew! Gwendolyn exclaimed in a low tone of amazement with an utterly frustrated look as if some confusing potion were creeping through her system. Duranda colored and did not speak, while Gwendolyn, with her eyes fixed on the floor, was struggling to find her way in the dark by the aid of various reminiscences. She seemed at last to have arrived at some judgment, for she looked up at Duranda again and said as if remonstrating against the mother's conduct. What difference need that have made? It has made a great difference to me that I have known it, said Duranda emphatically, but he could not go on easily. The distance between her ideas and his acted like a difference of native language, making him uncertain what force his words would carry. Gwendolyn meditated again and then said feelingly, I hope there is nothing to make you mind. You are just the same as if you were not a Jew. She meant to assure him that nothing of that external sort could affect the way in which she regarded him, or the way in which he could influence her. Duranda was a little helped by this misunderstanding. The discovery was far from being painful to me, he said. I had been gradually prepared for it, and I was glad of it. I had been prepared for it by becoming intimate with a very remarkable Jew, whose ideas have attracted me so much that I think of devoting the best part of my life to some effort at giving them effect. Again Gwendolyn seemed shaken. Again there was a look of frustration, but this time it was mingled with alarm. She looked at Duranda with lips childishly parted. It was not that she had yet connected his words with Myra and her brother, but that they inspired her with a dreadful presentiment of mountainous travel for her mind before it could reach Duranda's. Great ideas in general which she had attributed to him seemed to make no great practical difference, and were not formidable in the same way as these mysteriously shadowed particular ideas. He could not quite divine what was going on within her. He could only seek the least abrupt path of disclosure. That is an object, he said after a moment, which will by and by force me to leave England for some time, for some years. I have purposes which will take me to the East. Here was something clearer, but all the more immediately agitating, Gwendolyn's lips began to tremble. But you will come back, she said, tasting her own tears as they fell before she thought of drying them. Duranda could not sit still. He rose and went to prop himself against the corner of the mantelpiece at a different angle from her face, but when she had pressed her handkerchief against her cheeks she turned and looked up at him, awaiting an answer. If I live, said Duranda, some time—they were both silent—he could not persuade himself to say more unless she led up to it by a question, and she was apparently meditating something that she had to say. What are you going to do, she asked at last, very mildly? Can I understand the ideas, or am I too ignorant? I am going to the East to become better acquainted with the condition of my race in various countries there, said Duranda gently, anxious to be as explanatory as he could on what was the impersonal part of their separateness from each other. The idea that I am possessed with is that of restoring a political existence to my people, making them a nation again, giving them a national center, such as the English has, though they too are scattered over the face of the globe. That is a task which presents itself to me as a duty. I am resolved to begin it, however feebly. I am resolved to devote my life to it. At the least I may awaken a movement in other minds, such as been awakened in my own. There was a long silence between them. The world seemed getting larger round poor Gwendolyn, and she more solitary and helpless in the midst. The thought that he might come back after going to the East sank before the bewildering vision of these wild-stretching purposes in which she felt herself reduced to a mere speck. There comes a terrible moment to many souls when the great movements of the world, the larger destinies of mankind, which have lain aloof in newspapers and other neglected reading, enter like an earthquake into their own lives, where the slow urgency of growing generations turns into the tread of an invading army, or the dire clash of civil war, and gray fathers know nothing to seek for but the corpses of their blooming sons, and girls forgot all vanity to make lint and bandages which may serve for the shattered limbs of their betrothed husbands. Then it is as if the invisible power that had been the object of lip worship and lip resignation became visible according to the imagery of the Hebrew poet, making the flames his chariot, and riding on the wings of the wind, to the mountains smoke and the plains shudder under the rolling fiery visitations. Often the good cause seems to lie prostrate under the thunder of relenting force. The martyrs live reviled, they die, and no angel is seen holding forth the crown in the palm branch. And it is that the submission of the soul to the highest is tested, and even in the eyes of frivolity life looks out from the scene of human struggle with the awful face of duty, and a religion shows itself which is something else than a private consolation. That was the sort of crisis which was at this moment beginning in Gwendolyn's small life. She was for the first time feeling the pressure of a vast mysterious movement, for the first time being dislodged from her supremacy in her own world, and getting a sense that her horizon was but a dipping onward of an existence with which her own was revolving. All the troubles of her wifehood and widowhood had still left her with the implicit impression which had accompanied her from childhood, that whatever surrounded her was somehow specially for her, and it was because of this that no personal jealousy had been roused in her relation to Dharanda. She could not spontaneously think of him as rightfully belonging to others more than to her. But here had come a shock which went deeper than personal jealousy, something spiritual and vaguely tremendous that thrust her away and yet quelled all her anger into self-humiliation. There had been a long silence. Dharanda had stood still, even thankful for an interval before he needed to say more, and Gwendolyn had sat like a statue with her wrists lying over each other and her eyes fixed, the intensity of her mental action arresting all other excitation. At length something occurred to her that made her turn her face to Dharanda and say in a trembling voice, "'Is that all you can tell me?' The question was like a dart to him. The Jew whom I mentioned just now, he answered, not without a certain tremor in his tones, too. The remarkable man, who has greatly influenced my mind, has not perhaps been totally unheard of by you. He is the brother of Miss Lapidoth, whom you have often heard sing. A great wave of remembrance passed through Gwendolyn and spread as a deep, painful flush over neck and face. It had come first at the scene of that morning when she had called on Myra and heard Dharanda's voice reading and been told without then heeding it that he was reading Hebrew with Myra's brother. "'He is very ill, very near death now,' Dharanda went on nervously, and then stopped short. He felt that he must wait. Would she divine the rest?' "'Did she tell you that I went to her?' said Gwendolyn abruptly, looking up at him.' "'No,' said Dharanda, I don't understand you.' She turned away her eyes again and sat thinking. Slowly the color dried out of face and neck, and she was as pale as before, with that almost withered paleness which is seen after a painful flush. At last she said, without turning toward him, in a low, measured voice, as if she were only thinking aloud in preparation for future speech. "'But can you marry?' "'Yes,' said Dharanda, also in a low voice. "'I am going to marry.' At first there was no change in Gwendolyn's attitude. She only began to tremble visibly. Then she looked before her with dilated eyes, as at something lying in front of her, till she stretched her arms out straight and cried with a smothered voice. "'I said I should be forsaken. I have been a cruel woman, and I am forsaken!' Dharanda's anguish was intolerable. He could not help himself. He seized her outstretched hands and held them together and kneeled at her feet. She was the victim of his happiness. "'I am cruel, too. I am cruel,' he repeated, with a sort of groan looking up at her imploringly. His presence and touch seemed to dispel a horrible vision, and she met his upward look of sorrow with something like the return of consciousness after fainting. Then she dwelt on it with that growing pathetic movement of the brow which accompanies the revival of some tender recollection. The look of sorrow brought back what seemed a very far-off moment, the first time she had ever seen it, in the library at the Abbey. Sobs rose, and great tears fell fast. Dharanda would not let her hands go, held them still with one of his, and himself pressed her handkerchief against her eyes. She submitted like a half-soothed child, making an effort to speak, which was hindered by struggling sobs. At last she succeeded in saying brokenly, "'I said I said it should be better, better with me for having known you!' His eyes, too, were larger with tears. She rested one of her hands from his, and returned his action, pressing his tears away. "'We shall not be quite parted,' he said. "'I will write to you always, when I can. And you will answer?' He waited till she said in a whisper. "'I will try.' "'I shall be more with you than I used to be,' Dharanda said, with gentle urgency, releasing her hands and rising from his kneeling posture. If we had been much together before, we should have felt our differences more, and seemed to get farther apart. Now we can perhaps never see each other again, but our minds may get nearer.' Gwendolyn said nothing, but rose, too, automatically. Her withered look of grief, such as the sun often shines on when the blinds are drawn up after the burial of life's joy, made him hate his own words. They seemed to have the hardness of easy consolation in them. She felt that he was going, and that nothing could hinder it. The sense of it was like a dreadful whisper in her ear, which dulled all other consciousness, and she had not known that she was rising. Dharanda could not speak again. He thought that they must part in silence, but it was difficult to move toward the parting, till she looked at him with a sort of intention in her eyes, which helped him. He advanced to put out his hand silently, and when she had placed hers within it, she said what her mind had been laboring with. You have been very good to me. I have deserved nothing. I will try, try to live. I shall think of you. What good have I been? Only harm. Don't let me be harmed to you. It shall be the better for me." She could not finish. It was not that she was sobbing, but that the intense effort with which she spoke made her too tremulous. The burden of that difficult rectitude toward him was a weight her frame tottered under. She bent forward to kiss his cheek, and he kissed hers. Then they looked at each other for an instant with clasped hands, and he turned away. When he was quite gone, her mother came in, and found her sitting motionless. Gwendolyn, dearest, you look very ill, she said, bending over her and touching her cold hands. Yes, Mama, but don't be afraid. I am going to live! said Gwendolyn, bursting out hysterically. Her mother persuaded her to go to bed, and watched by her. Through the day and half the night she fell continually into fits of shrieking, but cried in the midst of them to her mother. Don't be afraid. I shall live! I mean to live!" After all, she slept, and when she waked in the morning light she looked up fixedly at her mother and said tenderly, Ah, poor Mama, you have been sitting up with me. Don't be unhappy. I shall live. I shall be better. CHAPTER 70 In the checkered area of human experience the seasons are all mingled as in the golden age. Fruit and blossom hang together. In the same moment the sickle is reaping and the seed is sprinkled. One tends the green cluster, and another treads the wine-press. Nay, in each of our lives harvest and springtime are continually one, until himself gathers us, and sows us anew in his invisible fields. Among the blessings of love there is hardly one more exquisite than the sense that in uniting the beloved life to ours we can watch over its happiness, bring comfort where hardship was, and over memories of privation and suffering open the sweetest fountains of joy. Dharanda's love for Myra was strongly imbued with that blessed protectiveness. Even with infantine feet she had begun to tread among thorns, and the first time he had beheld her face it had seemed to him the girlish image of despair. But now she was glowing like a dark-tipped yet delicate ivory-tinted flower in the warm sunlight of content, thinking of any possible grief as part of that life with Dharanda, which she could call by no other name than good. And he watched the sober gladness which gave new beauty to her movements, and her habitual attitudes of repose with the delight which made him say to himself that it was enough of personal joy for him to save her from pain. She knew nothing of Hans's struggle, or of Gwendolyn's pang, for after the assurance that Dharanda's hidden love had been for her, she easily explained Gwendolyn's eager solicitude about him as part of a grateful dependence on his goodness such as she herself had known. And all Dharanda's words about Mrs. Grandcourt confirmed that view of their relation, though he never touched on it except in the most distant manner. Myra was ready to believe that he had been a rescuing angel to many besides herself. The only wonder was that she among them all was to have the bliss of being continually by his side. So when the bridal veil was around Myra it hid no doubtful tremors, only a thrill of awe at the acceptance of a great gift which required great uses, and the velvet canopy never covered a more goodly bride and bridegroom to whom their people might more wisely wish offspring. More truthful lips never touched the sacrament marriage wine. The marriage blessing never gathered stronger promise of fulfillment than in the integrity of their mutual pledge. Naturally they were married according to the Jewish right, and since no religion seems yet to have demanded that when we make a feast we should invite only the highest rank of our acquaintances, few it is to be hoped will be offended to learn that among the guests at Dharanda's little wedding feast was the entire Coen family, with the one exception of the baby who carried on her teething intelligently at home. How could Mordecai have borne that those friends of his adversity should have been shut out from rejoicing and common with him? Mrs. Merrick so fully understood this that she had quite reconciled herself to meeting the Jewish pawnbroker and was there with her three daughters, all of them enjoying the consciousness that Myra's marriage to Dharanda crowned a romance which would always make a sweet memory to them. For which of them mother or girls had not had a generous part in it giving their best in feeling and in act to her who needed? If Hans could have been there it would have been much better, but Mab had already observed that men must suffer for being so inconvenient. Suppose she, Kate, and Amy had all fallen in love with Mr. Dharanda, but being women they were not so ridiculous. The Merrick's were rewarded for conquering their prejudices by hearing a speech from Mr. Coen which had the rare quality among speeches of not being quite after the usual pattern. Jacob ate beyond his years and contributed several small whinnying laughs as a free accompaniment of his father's speech, not irreverently, but from a lively sense that his family was distinguishing itself, while Adelaide Rebecca in a new sapath frock maintained throughout a grave air of responsibility. Mordecai's brilliant eyes sunken in their large sockets dwelt on the scene with the cherishing benignancy of a spirit already lifted into an aloofness which nullified only selfish requirements and left sympathy alive. But continually after his gaze had been travelling round on the others it returned to dwell on Dharanda with a fresh gleam of trusting affection. The wedding feast was humble, but Myra was not without splendid wedding gifts. As soon as the betrothal had been known there were friends who had entertained graceful devices. Sir Hugo and Lady Malinger had taken trouble to provide a complete equipment for eastern travel as well as a precious locket containing an inscription. To the bride of our dear Daniel Dharanda all blessings H and L M. The Chlesmers sent a perfect watch also with a pretty inscription. But something more precious than gold and gems came to Dharanda from the neighborhood of Diplu on the morning of his marriage. It was a letter containing these words. Do not think of me sorrowfully on your wedding day. I have remembered your words, that I may live to be one of the best of women who make others glad that they were born. I do not yet see how that can be, but you know better than I. If it ever comes true it will be because you helped me. I only thought of myself and I made you grieve. It hurts me now to think of your grief. You must not grieve any more for me. It is better. It shall be better with me because I have known you. Gwendolyn Grandcourt The preparations for the departure of all three to the east began at once, for Dharanda could not deny Ezra's wish that they should set out on the voyage forthwith so that he might go with them instead of detaining them to watch over him. He had no belief that Ezra's life would last through the voyage, for there were symptoms which seemed to show that the last stage of his malady had set in. But Ezra himself had said, Never mind of where I die, so that I am with you. He did not set out with them. One morning early he said to Dharanda, Do not quit me today. I shall die before it is ended. He chose to be dressed and sit up in his easy chair as usual, Dharanda and Myra on each side of him, and for some hours he was unusually silent, not even making the effort to speak, but looking at them occasionally, with eyes full of some restful meaning, as if to assure them that while this remnant of breathing time was difficult, he felt an ocean of peace beneath him. It was not till late in the afternoon when the light was falling that he took a hand of each in his and said, looking at Dharanda, Death is coming to me as the divine kiss which is both parting and reunion, which takes me from your bodily eyes and gives me full presence in your soul. Where thou goest, Daniel, I shall go. Is it not begun? Have I not breathed my soul into you? We shall live together. He paused and Dharanda waited, thinking that there might be another word for him, but slowly and with effort Ezra pressing on their hands raised himself and uttered in Hebrew the confession of the divine unity which long for generations has been on the lips of the dying Israelite. He sank back gently into his chair and did not speak again, but it was some hours before he had ceased to breathe, with Myra's and Dharanda's arms around him. Nothing is here for tears, nothing to wail or knock the breast, no weakness, no contempt, dispraise or blame, nothing but well and fair, and what may quiet us in a death so noble.
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"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2-7ENVWczY",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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UC0XjPHyIE3NO4hK2rMO1Osw
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Summer School on Particle Physics | (smr 3560) - Day 8 h14:00
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The goal of the school is to give a detailed overview of particle physics from the basics of Standard Model phenomenology to the most important areas where significant progress has been achieved recently.
The school is especially targeted to PhD students in high energy physics, but qualified MSc students in their last year as well as young postdocs can also apply.
| null | 2021-06-10T01:46:12 | 2024-02-05T06:40:25 | 5,735 |
y29qh6ej1Dw
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I see many people are still connecting. Yeah. All right. Are you ready, Mallory? Yeah. Yeah. Good girl. OK. So we're going to start the recording. OK. All right. So we are very happy to have Bayer-Omke, who will start the set of lectures on the traditional waves from the early universe. Yeah, thanks a lot. It's really a pleasure to give these lectures. In a way, I've been looking forward to this since I was a master's student myself, visiting the ICTP summer school. So yeah, the topic of today is gravitational waves from the early universe. And I invite you, some of you have already figured out what's with the QR code here. So I invite you to either scan the QR code or just enter the address of this link here. This is to have a little bit of interaction during the lecture. So the first question that you'll find when you click this link is a question kind of about how much you already know about gravitational waves, which will help me to judge the correct level for the lectures. So the plan, the outline for the three lectures that we now have in the next three days is today we will cover gravitational wave basics. Many of you will have heard something about gravitational waves, but I do want to spend some time explaining what a gravitational wave actually is, because it's not quite as trivial as one might think. Then tomorrow, we'll talk about the stochastic gravitational wave background. That's essentially the gravitational analogon of the cosmic microwave background. And then in the third lecture on Friday, we'll see kind of how we can use this stochastic background to actually probe particle physics. Particle physics with very high energies. And so here's some literature relevant for the course and particularly is these first, I mean, essentially, this first item is more or less the first lecture, and then the second two items will become relevant for the other two lectures. And just to give you a feeling, so you can see how much maybe the other people here in this room currently know about gravitational waves, this is the current status of the pulling results. So I see we have a couple of experts, but it seems I'll be able to teach all of you something, I think. OK, so let's get started. So the first topic that we want to talk about is the wave equation, which is essentially the final equation of gravitational waves. And to do so, we will start from Einstein's equation. And I'll be doing, essentially, all of the lectures I'll be doing in handwriting. So I mean, you know best what's the best way for you to learn. But I do encourage you to take notes if you find that useful to follow, because I won't be writing down absolutely everything that I say. So Einstein's equation relates on the left-hand side objects that are related to the metric to, on the right-hand side, objects related to the energy content of the universe. So G here is Newton's constant, C is the speed of light. At some point, I'll switch to natural units, but let's keep them for a moment. And this entire left-hand side is also often called capital G mu nu. And so what essentially Einstein's equation tells us is that the curvature of spacetime here on the left, which is described by a metric tensor G mu nu, from which, as you can see, once we have G mu nu, you can essentially compute this entire left-hand side. So this contains such a new geometry of GR. This is influenced on the right-hand side by the energy momentum tensor of the matter content of the universe, which is T mu nu is the energy momentum tensor. And essentially, what GR tells us is that the way space is curved influence how particle movement space, but also the energy content of the universe itself can curve the metric. So this is really an arrow going in both directions. And now, what we want to study when we study gravitational waves, we want to consider a small departure from flat spacetime. So consider small departure spacetime. And then we want to compute, essentially, what we do next, there are five minutes or so, we want to compute what this left-hand side of this equation is. So concretely, we want to express this general metric as some flat metric, which I will call eta mu nu, where I'll be using the mostly plus signature, so this signature. And then I'm going to perturb this by something which actually depends on spacetime with the condition that this perturbation is supposed to be small. So this is essentially the validity of the analysis that we'll be doing throughout these entire lectures. And the convention will also be that whenever I raise my lower indices, I will always do this with this flat metric component here. So now, once you have an expression for the metric, you can plug essentially this into the left-hand side and you can compute what is this capital G mu nu object. And then the goal is essentially to find an equation which tells us how this perturbation of the metric, which at the end of the day will be the gravitational wave, how that kind of evolves depending also on the energy content of the universe. So here now comes the point where I can cheat because this is not a real blackboard lecture. So this is just showing you, if you've had a GR lecture, you'll have seen this. If you haven't had a GR lecture, you'll just have to kind of believe me. But this is essentially how you start in from a metric, you compute the left-hand side of this object. And really, it's all just a big contraction of indices. So not particularly insightful, but let's just have a brief look at it anyway. So the so-called Christoffel symbols are essentially what this describes as sometimes the connections of GR. So the Christoffel symbols, this is the definition, is the function of the metric tensor. Now we insert the linearization of the metric tensor. So we replace with this equation here, with the constant part plus the perturbation. And now we expand to first order in H menu. And then at linear order, we get this term here, one power in H. And then we have higher order corrections, which will drop. Then once we have the Christoffel symbols, we can compute the Riemann curvature tensor, which we can derive, again, this first line is the definition. As soon as we have the Christoffel symbols, by taking, again, contractions and derivatives. And in particular, this second part of the curvature tensor always involves two Christoffel symbols. But since every term in the Christoffel symbol is already proportional to the perturbation H, it means that if we contract two of them, it will always be of order H squared. So since we will always only want to do the deleting order expansion, we can immediately drop these terms. So we can then plug this expression for the Christoffel symbol into here, this expression for the Riemann curvature tensor, do all these derivatives and contractions. We end up with this expression here. But in particular, we have some terms here, which are symmetric in some of the indices. So for example, this term here is a d alpha d beta. So of course, I can commute the derivatives. So this is the same as d beta d alpha. And then I have these three terms. And I have, then again, the same terms, we switch alpha and beta, which means because of the minus sign here, it means all the terms that are symmetric and alpha and beta will cancel. So this term will essentially disappear at the end of the day. Oops, I'll go back to the theme of transport here. So we will have this term and then the same two terms again where we switched alpha and beta. So four terms in total. And now we can, by a simple contraction, we can get from this Riemann curvature tensor, we can get the Ricci tensor, Rmenu, which is already one of the objects inside here. And then if we perform another contraction, we can get the Ricci scalar, which is the other object that was inside here. So this kind of blows up quite significantly. In Majora's textbook, you can find the full computation. But if you manage to do it correctly and not lose any minus sign, then after quite a bit of work, you arrive at the final expression for Gmenu, which is a minus one half box Hmenu plus eta menu. So that the box is just two partial derivatives, del rho del sigma Hbar rho sigma minus del rho del nu Hbar nu rho minus del rho del nu Hbar mu rho. So now you see why I took this shortcut beforehand because with all this indices writing, I am bound to make mistakes. And here I've introduced this object Hbar, which is, I define, this is a, I introduce this simply because it makes the expression more compact. And this is given by the original Hmenu, so a perturbation minus one half eta menu H, where H is a contracted version. So this is H alpha alpha. So I essentially subtract the trace and this makes my expression more compact. So this is the final result for the left-hand side of the Einstein equation to first order in perturbation theory, right? So then they have the correction terms, which are order H squared. And this is an important equation. So I'll give it a star so that we can refer to it later. Maybe any other questions on this very first part? So I repeat that kind of the goal here is to derive an equation of motion for this metric perturbation, which at the end of the day would be the gravitational waves. And then that will kind of tell us how gravitational waves are related here via Einstein equation to the energy density in the universe. And that then at the very end of the day, I'm meaning on Friday, we'll show us kind of how we can use gravitational waves to probe actually particle physics because all the particle physics is under in the right-hand side of this equation. Okay, so now we need to understand a bit better what is this object H menu, which is appearing here to first order in perturbation theory. And so for that, I have another poll for you. So you should now, if you still have it open, the poll thing, you should see a new question. Otherwise you can enter again this link here. So this is just, don't think about it for too long, right? So this is just to give me also a bit of a feeling kind of where you stand. So the question that I would like you to answer now is what are the symmetries of the linearized version of GR that we're just in the process of the rising, right? We linearized means that we kicked away all the order H squared and whatnot. And maybe I should do this blind, right? I should not let you see now everybody's just clicking what everybody else is checking. Yeah, so there's a question in the chat where does one see the poll? So I don't think you can see the results. I think you can just see the questions. And the questions you can see when you go to this link here, then you should be able to see the questions and participate, right? So there's a big majority for infinitesimal coordinate transformation and global Poincaré transformation. And that is correct, but just kind of interesting because general GR has this first symmetry, right? So this is the symmetry of all coordinate transformations. Somehow when we linearize it, we lose part of the symmetry. And the reason we lose it is the following. So let's talk about symmetries. So we start in full GR, we start with the general coordinate transformations. But then we, this actually breaks down because we do this linearization. So we divide this, we said we divided this G menu, right? We say we divide it in some eta menu plus H menu, right? Which means we somehow define a constant background and then fluctuations on top of that background. But to define a constant background, you need to do an averaging process. And to do an averaging process, you kind of need to define over which time slice you are doing the averaging process, right? So in some sense you are doing a time slicing and then you're averaging on each time slice. And hence you no longer have the full symmetry, but you only due to this first step, which is associated the background, you only have remaining the SO3 symmetry of global spatial rotations. And this is precisely where we lose the general, the biggest symmetry of GR is precisely because we do this linearization process. So now that we have global spatial rotations, we can use the fact that we only are interested in the linearized theory, which means we can do a Fourier transform and all the k-modes of the Fourier transform will behave independently. And hence this Fourier transformation, we can kind of single out an individual k-mode and we can study only that k-mode. So the second step is essentially to do a Fourier transformation, which singles out one particular direction k that one can then study. And then with respect to this particular direction k, one then has an SO2 symmetry, which describes the Helicity eigenstates with respect to this vector. So essentially you have some object, like X for example, right? And then you perform some rotation by some angle theta around this vector k that we've selected and this object here will pick up a phase due to the IM theta X. And now depending on what this M is, this essentially classifies these objects X. So if M equals zero, so essentially if the thing, you do this rotation and the thing does not rotate, then the thing that you were looking at is a scalar. If M equal one or plus minus one, it is a vector. And if M equal plus minus two, it is a tensor. So to say is that we have, we started with a full symmetry, then we can realize that actually in our linearized theory, this actually breaks down to a reduced symmetry, but in within this reduced symmetry, we can classify our perturbations by essentially a quantum number, which is essentially the helicity under rotations around the vector which is specified by the afferent transformation. So let's do this concretely because what we're actually interested in is say this G mu nu object, right? Or the H mu nu object, one of both. So for G mu nu. So G mu nu, we can write as G zero zero, G zero i, G i zero, G ij, right? Where ij run over from all spatial indices from one to three. And now if we do this step one here, and we do this in a very physicist's way, where more formal people will be horrified, the way of doing this is essentially drawing lines here and saying I distinguish between temporal indices and spatial indices. And then to do the step two, so to actually define these perturbations, what I need to do is essentially write down all possible perturbations that give the correct index contraction. So let me let me do the example and then I think it will become, ah, before I do that, before I do that, I have a question for you. So the question is in the poll again and the question is how many independent degrees of freedom do you think are inside this metric tensor? Okay, I'll continue and then we'll see the result at the end. So the, we look at the G zero zero component, then in the, if we just set that metric then this is just minus one. And now I want to add a fluctuation to that but I have to have to add a linear fluctuation such that it has no spatial indices because as soon as spatial indices at a spatial indices on the left-hand side and the right-hand side have to match and the left-hand side does not have any spatial indices. So all I can do is essentially add one scalar perturbation. Scalar means no indices, which means that it rotates with this or it changes with this M equals zero with the scalar under these illicit rotations. Now, we can do the same for a spatial component. So here we can get, from here we've got essentially one scalar. So we do this with this mixed component here. So this is the same because this is symmetric. The same as this, right? So there's a, in, if we just had the flat space time this would be zero, right? The metric tensor is diagonal. So there's no leading water term, there's only perturbations. And now we need something which gives me one spatial indices, right? So the one way I can do it is by taking one spatial derivative of a scalar or by taking a vector directly. So B is now a scalar, SI is a vector. Vector meaning it has kind of no, the divergent should be zero so that there's no scalar component inside. So this gives one scalar, this is this P and one vector, this is this SI. And then we can do the same game with the pure spatial components. So now the flat space part would just be one. Now we need to add something which is two indices, right? So one way of doing it is by adding a delta function. Another way of doing it is by adding two derivatives and another way by doing it is by adding one derivative and one vector. So for example, like this Tj again to make it symmetric or we can add an object which is already by itself attends a perturbation. So here we have now two scalars. This is the psi here and the F, we have one vector. This is the capital TI here and we have one tensor, this is this Tij. And now we can count all of this together. So we have four scalars in total. Then we have two vectors but each vector has two degrees of freedom. And then we have one tensor, the tensor holds us two degrees of freedom. So in total, we have 10 degrees of freedom as one might have anticipated from a symmetric four by four tensor, right? Because if I have a symmetric four by four tensor, you can kind of count how many entries can you have just by doing this trick here. So one, two, three, four, right? Now you count the dots and it should be 10 because the downstairs components here are already specified from the fact that it is symmetric. So the answer that essentially the majority vote here is correct, right? So we have 10 degrees of freedom in the metric tensor to start with. Okay, but now, okay, and then why am I going on about this? I'm going on about this because in the end we want to study at gravitational waves which will be one of the perturbations inside this metric tensor. But preferably I would not like to deal with 10 degrees of freedom simultaneously but I would like to reduce this to a system which is few degrees of freedom and actually understand better what I'm doing. Any questions so far? Yep, there's a question by Mehmet. Please go ahead. Hello, so when you classified the types of representations that we just counted, you used the SO2 group and probably it will be tied to the fact that we have a master's particle but you never told it explicitly, right? Correct, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. We have, right, I'm already anticipating that there's no master here, correct? Another very concrete question but just out of curiosity, if you had a massive gravity or I don't know if we didn't have this masslessness then this classification would break down or modify it? No, so the classification works as long as you work in linear order in the perturbation theory because this is really a very, very general kind of way of classifying cosmological perturbation. So this does also work when you have a mass. What happens when you have a mass is that however, the degrees of freedom, as not the total degrees of freedom, my total degrees of freedom are fixed but for example, if the graviton had a mass then it would have more, well, we will come to that later, right? But it had potentially more degrees of freedom. I see, okay, thank you. Yeah, to briefly answer to the chat today, okay, this is Tjti, so del i Tj del j Ti and yes, all 10 degrees of freedom are independent. Yeah, this is what creates the mass, right? Because if we have to actually treat 10 degrees of freedom this is a quite complicated system but the goal would be to reduce this. Okay, so we can now use gauge invariance or yeah, we can use it in a particular we have to be aware of it and with gauge invariance what I mean is the invariance under coordinate transformations. The reason being that at the end of the day if I perform a coordinate transformation I kind of, the physics may look different in a new system but actually the physics that I'm describing has to be the same. So consider an intesimal coordinate transformation and I have the feeling this will answer some of the questions in the chat. So we take some vector, some spatial vector x mu, right? We shift this by some constant epsilon mu and the physics has to be invariant under the shift the total physics, right? In the full theory and this epsilon mu we can now do the same trick as we did above and we can write this as a spatial component which would be a scalar and a spatial component which can contain a scalar and can contain a vector. This is the most, but again we have this condition at del i fi equals zero which tells us that in this coordinate transformation we have contained inside two scalars and one vector which means that essentially we have two scalars and one vector in the system which are not physical, right? But we can essentially can go to different bases and then they will appear to be gone so they will be gauged away and hence we can impose a gauge condition which will make our life a lot easier. We can essentially force these degrees of freedom to disappear and we can impose precisely Lorentz gauge and as an anecdote note that the spelling here is actually this is named after the wrong Lorentz actually with the other Lorentz that first did the Lorentz gauge but this is kind of the way it is now established in the literature. So we can impose Lorentz gauge are very similar to electromagnetism and this is a gauge fixing on essentially the scalar and the vector sector but we're not touching the tensor sector. In fact, we can see from here that the tensor sector so the Tij up here is gauge invariant because this coordinate transformation did not include any tensor degrees of freedom but imposing this condition we can now go back to the expression that we computed for g-menu, right? And you can see that kind of we have lots of terms with the root of our acting on the h-menu and the only term that is left once we do this is that box h-menu is the only thing that is left on the left-hand side and then on the right-hand side we have as before 16 pi g C4 T-menu. So this is now our result for the linearized Einstein equation. Okay, we just have a very simple equation where the left-hand side we're acting with the box operator, right? So this is nothing as this is del alpha, del alpha we're acting on our perturbation h-menu and then on the right-hand side we have the energy momentum tensor. Question for you now that we have imposed Lorentz gauge how many degrees of freedom do we have left? So you can again check in the polling system. So what this equation do with this equation is very powerful equation it describes both the sourcing of gravitational waves so the right-hand side sources the gravitational waves which will be on the left-hand side and it also describes if we set the right-hand side to zero it describes the propagation of gravitational waves. Yeah, and again the majority vote wins so we had 10 degrees of freedom beforehand. This condition here, this is four equations Lorentz gauge with new indexes is free so it's four equations. So at this point we are left with 10 minus six it is four degrees of freedom. We can now do one more step to simplify the system and that is that in fact, but this step we cannot well we can always do the step but the step can be more or less complicated depending on the environment. So now let us just consider the situation in vacuum. So in vacuum we have T-menu equals zero and this means- There's a question from Ivan. Probably from before. Hello, can you hear me? Yeah. Could you repeat how many degrees of freedom do we have left after fixing the gauge? Here, four. I don't understand why. So we had 10 beforehand, right? Yes. And this here of four, oh, wait. I thought 10 minus four equals six. Yeah, yeah, yeah, sorry. This is what I wanted to write. Okay, yeah, no, yeah, exactly. This is also why everybody was correct, right? Can I ask another question? Yeah, and thanks for finding this out, yeah. What are GUs? Gravitational waves, this is a W. Okay, thank you. Yeah, thanks. Yeah, multitasking is complicated for lecturing. Okay, so in vacuum the energy momentum tends to zero and in that case we have a residual freedom because essentially if we have, we can in any epsilon, which satisfies that box epsilon is zero, right? In any epsilon that satisfies this, we can always add, maybe we should call this epsilon prime, right? We could always add this to our transformation of both and it would not change anything here about the Lorentz gauge, but kind of it still gives us residual freedom to manipulate our H-minu tensor. This is exactly the same as the way it works in electromagnetism. The residual gauge freedom, where I recall that with gauging here, I'm always referring to these coordinate transformations of general relativity, right? There's no, whatever, a billion, non-a billion groups, any of that, right? No, you won, it's really just a GDR symmetry that we're talking about. And to fix this residual gauge freedom, we can, in vacuum, we can do the very simple prescription and that is this prescription is called a transverse traceless gauge and the prescription is that we set the trace to zero, so H alpha alpha, if you want, is zero and we also set the mixed components or the zero i components to zero. So you can see this is again now four equations, right? This is one equation, this is three equations. And at the end of the day, if you add this condition and the Lorentz condition, then you can always impose results in the following conditions. So in this transverse traceless gauge, as soon as you have one time-like index, the thing is zero and also the trace is zero, in particular the trace over the remaining spatial degrees is zero and of course we still have Lorentz gauge. So this TT is for this transverse traceless gauge and these are the final conditions for the, what is called the TT gauging. And so now one more time, right? The question is, how many degrees of freedom do we have left? You can again, one last time, I will ask you for your favorite number here. Yeah, so the majority vote, yeah, very good. The majority vote is looking very good. So exactly, so we have two degrees of freedom left because we had six here at the end of the previous step. And then this here are four equations or also here, this thing essentially are four equations. And so we have two equations left at the end of the day. And the object that we have left, if we go back to the very beginning, the object that we have left, the only object which satisfies all these conditions is in fact this pure tensor object that we had at the very beginning. So what this tells us that in, that kind of the only propagating, and this is now it's important that gravity is master's, right? So the only propagating independent degrees of freedom that we have in the metric tensor, here are really the two gravitational wave degrees of freedom. And these two degrees of freedom is essentially ones we want to study and we want to understand the dynamics. And for this it will be essentially just linearized Einstein equation is the key equation governing the dynamics of these degrees of freedom. So this is to emphasize, this is really a pure prediction of general relativity, but it's a pure classical theory. We don't need to quantize anything or talk about quantum gravity or anything like that. So we have a pure prediction just from the Einstein equation we can derive an equation of motion which we will study in the second part of the lecture, which kind of tells us how these two degrees of freedom that we have left with it at the end, how they can propagate and interact with the universe. Okay, this is a good time to take a break. I'm also happy to take any more questions. So we'll take maybe the break first and then on the, we'll come back, maybe that we have more questions after thinking for five minutes. Yeah, perfect. Okay, it's just you in five minutes. All right, are you ready to continue? Yeah, yeah. Are there any questions before we resume? Seems there are no questions. Oh, yes, I think one, I see one. Yeah, by Maria. Please go ahead, Maria. Hi, Validice, thank you for the lecture. I wanted to ask you about this sequence of steps that you were describing to talk about the symmetries. Could you briefly maybe explain the second step? I didn't get it right. Yeah, yeah, okay. So, right, so in some sense, yeah, so this, yeah. So, okay, so from the first step to the second step, right? We realize that once we go to the linearized theory, we do this time slicing and hence instead of, we only have kind of the spatial symmetry and no longer the full space time symmetry. And now the next observation is that since we are only interested in doing a linearized theory. So the object we want to describe is our H mu nu and we have restricted ourselves to the regime where the H mu nu is small compared to the background metric. So we're gonna drop all terms which are H squared or higher. And hence since we're working in a linearized theory, we can do a Fourier decomposition and then there'll be a big d3k outside of kind of every term. And we can remove this d3k everywhere and essentially only study like the equation for every individual k-mode will look the same. And in particular, two different k-modes to different momentum modes will not interact. So we can study the equation of motion for one particular momentum mode, one plane wave solution. And we don't need to know anything about the other plane wave solutions. But there will be no interaction terms. And hence I can just specify one particular direction k. So k here is the momentum mode. And then kind of study kind of, this could be a preferred direction. And I can kind of study the physics which I now, which I'll have is preferred direction. And now I can essentially look at helicity states with respect to this particular k-mode. And these helicity states now essentially tell me that in some sense what these helicity, so here I was maybe, I also did not give you very many details, right? But these, these helicity states which essentially these tell you like if you do, if you do, if I do a spatial transformation, right? So say I do an SO, I do this SO2 rotation and then some objects essentially will transform under this SO2 rotation and other objects will not transform. And essentially how these objects transform which is encoded in this M here is essentially identical to the way we associate spatial indices with them. This of course is a much more formal way of doing this, right? I mean, a mathematician will be absolutely horrified by the description of it. So the more formal way of doing it is of course to see checking kind of okay, looking at the representations under this first symmetry, seeing how they break down into representations of the second symmetry and then checking how this kind of breaks down into representations of this third symmetry and then you will find exactly these different classes. Oh, okay. Any more questions? Okay, so now let's study the properties of gravitational waves. And before we studied them, I'd like to kind of know how much you maybe already know about them. So there's another question in the chat to see, but you probably cannot answer it from kind of what I've told you so far, right? But maybe you know anyway. So we now want to talk, so I should maybe put this here just in case, so this is, oh no, I lost it. So this is in case anybody wants to participate, it doesn't have the link yet, right? So here this is the link you need to enter in order to participate in the polls. So we now want to study plane wave solutions in analogy to electromagnetism. Maybe I should put this in quotation marks. So we're looking at solutions to this equation here and trying to understand their properties. And we want to do this in vacuum. So we want to set T mu nu equals zero. So we'll be studying essentially the propagation of free gravitational waves. So we can start by making an ansatz because actually this equation here, this in particular you set the right hand side to zero, this should look pretty familiar, right? Box something equals zero, this is just a usual wave equation. So we can solve it with the usual ansatz for wave wave equations just that we have a couple of indices more. So H mu nu of X can make an ansatz that this should be solved by some amplitude which can depend on K, right? So this is essentially a plane wave solution for a transform and then sine K alpha X alpha. Then we can check, so we plug this answer into our equation, box H mu nu. So then the derivative here acts on the argument, we get K alpha, K alpha, a mu of K, this just stays. Sine K alpha X alpha, B minus sine equals zero. And now in order for this to be zero, what do we need? We need that this thing has to be zero, right? And this thing is of course nothing else than E squared minus P squared. So the fact that this has to be zero tells us that gravitational wave travel with the speed of light in vacuum. So only then there are there a solution to this equation that we got from GR. Going back to the question I was asked earlier, for example, if there was a mass term, right? Then we would have gotten a different result yet, right? So this is clearly an indication that we're dealing with massless degrees of freedom. So we can now be a bit more explicit in this, to kind of have a feeling what the gravitational wave actually looks like, we can go to the transverse traceless gauge. And I'm just going to specify that I want to put my Z axis in the direction of this K vector. And now, well, what this means is that if I now look at these conditions here, right? But I want to construct something which is symmetric of which is traceless and where essentially here these O mu components are zero. And also this here, right? This here tells me that I can have no components since my this I can probably transform, right? And this becomes a K, so I can, which I've put in that direction so I can have no components in that direction. So I already know that when I want to look at this coefficient, this A mu nu of K, I know I will have a row of zeros here. So it's the first condition from the transverse traceless gauge, I will have a row of zeros here. And now since I put the K in that direction, I will also have more zeros here. And now I can use the fact that it's traceless. So traceless tells me that the xx component has to be a minus the yy component, traceless. And this I will call h plus. So we have h plus here, minus h plus here. Now I know that it is symmetric, so I know that a xy is a yx. And this I will call h cross. So we have h cross here and h cross here. And so now you can put that essentially back in here and you now have really an explicit idea of what the gravitational wave looks like in some sense in this particular gauge. And so it's something that oscillates. It has these two degrees of freedom and they are arranged in a matrix in this way. So we already hear from this, we see A we see we're dealing with a wave in the sense that we found something which has a sign function. We found that the velocity is the speed of light. And we see again, I mean, we derived it beforehand on just counting, on just the argument of kind of how many degrees of freedom we started with and how many degrees of freedom we removed. But here we've seen it very explicitly that we only have two degrees of freedom left. And we also see that it is transverse, meaning that the directions parallel to the z axis here are zero. So now we have this gravitational wave. So this is essentially what it is to say in some sense about a gravitational wave propagating purely in vacuum. Now I want to know what is the effect of such a gravitational wave on test masses. So we want to look at the effect of this gravitational wave on test masses which are located one that won't have an x mu and the other one at x mu plus x sine mu. And now I'm going to cheat again. And I'm going to cheat because, okay, the result is important, but kind of the duration of this is not so relevant for the rest of the lecture. So I want to not waste your time writing all these indices. So what we want to know is how these test particles move when the gravitational wave comes along. So for that, we start with the geodesic equation. So the geodesic equation describes essentially how a point particle moves in term of its proper time tau. And that is essentially determined by the curvature of the metric. So this is the description of a free falling particle. Now, what we're going to do is we remember that we computed the Christoffel symbols beforehand, right, the first order in HMU. So once we have the geodesic equation, we can essentially plug in our expression for the Christoffel symbols. And then we can also see how these test particles move in a curved metric or in a flat metric in the presence of gravitational waves. And what I'm actually interested in is not really how one particular test particle moves, but what I want to know is kind of how, what is the relative motion of these two particles, right? Because there will be two free falling particles, but now the gravitational wave comes and these two particles will move one with respect to the other in some way. And I would like to understand how does that motion work? And for that, I need what is called the geodesic deviation equation. So essentially I have this equation and I have the same equation again for this other particle that I subtract the two equations. And then I get an equation for this distance the zeta mu between the two particles. And here we just see we have essentially an expansion in zeta, we got the first order in this zeta parameter. And so we have the Christoffel symbol again, we have something which looks like this term up here. And then we have one term here, which includes this deviation parameter. We can now approximate that we want to be in the non relativistic limit, which means that the derivative of the particle position with respect to proper time is small, essentially compared to the speed of light. And we can use that in one point, for example, in X mu, we can make the metric locally flat, which means that the Christoffel symbol is zero. We can however not do that globally, right? So if we do it at the point X mu, we cannot do it at the point X mu plus Xi mu. We can do it at one point. And then if you use these approximations, you plug them back in here, you have to work for a little bit. And then you get this equation here. And then when you evaluate here, the Riemann tensor, you finally, well, okay, let's start here. So this equation here again, relates the second derivative of this Xi, right? Which was the distance between the two test particles with itself via the Riemann tensor, right? The Riemann tensor is the thing that knows now about the curved background, which knows about the gravitational wave. So we can now evaluate the Riemann tensor to first order in H using the expression that I showed you on the very first page. And we can now make our life a bit easier because we've understood all these stories about degrees of freedom. So since we can now, we can already go on to transfer stressless gauge and compute because in this, this equation has to be gauge invariant, it's a physical quantity. So we can make our life easier and compute this object also kind of in the TT gauge. And then this is the final equation. So this tells us essentially how the motion of the particle is influenced by the presence of the gravitational waves. And the reason you have the two-time derivatives here, right, is that the Riemann tensor came from the Christoffel symbol. And the Christoffel symbol had all these derivatives acting on the metric. So now we can actually solve this equation. So for example, let us consider the case where this H plus is non-zero and H cross is zero just for simplicity, just to kind of study just one degree of freedom at a time. And this will at the end of the day be what is called the plus polarization. So the right hand that's here is, I'm gonna introduce A and B now A and B are just X and Y because I don't want to drag along all these zeros from above. So this is just H plus times sine. Again, we can write this a bit simpler as just sine omega t. And then we have just essentially the inner block of this big matrix because the zeros, I don't have to drag along. And this is the, so this was the H plus component, right? And it was a trace loss and hence there was one and minus one. And now we have the two test masses, right? And I want to put one test mass, I wonder what the difference between the two test masses is X zero plus delta X where this is the thing which can vary with time. And then this is Y zero plus delta Y of t. So essentially I have a test mass or the deviation of my test masses X zero and Y zero. And I want to kind of now see how these are moving and the moving will be encountered in this account of one is delta X and delta Y. And so now I just plug all of this into this equation here. So then we get, let's look at the X component first. So then we get delta X double dot on the left hand side. Now we have to take two derivatives of this guy. And so this will give a minus sign. Then we have this one half here, so minus one half and then we just get the function back from the two derivatives, we get a W squared sign omega t. And now I'm interested in small deviations, right? So delta X is much smaller than X so we can actually drop the delta X pot. We can do the same for the Y component. The difference for the Y component is that you have a different minus sign here. So you will get, I forgot the H plus, it should be an H plus. So we get exactly the same here. Just that the set of X, we get Y and we don't get the minus sign. So what does this mean? This means if we just draw a picture, this means let's say we have a coordinate plane X and Y. And let's say I have some test masses sitting at some points in this plane. Now let's consider first a case where the phase here is, so in some phase where the sign is positive, right? At some time where sign omega t is larger than zero, then we see that the things that are in that with respect to the Y direction, so things that, yeah, with the Y direction, things you have, like the sign of this is opposite with respect to the sign of this, right? Which means you can have, for example, a motion. Am I drawing this in the right way now? Yes, so here we have just an X coordinate so this will go and no Y coordinate so these will move like this. And these guys will move in the opposite direction. Yeah, like this, right? So if you have a positive Y, the delta Y will be positive. If you have a negative Y, the delta Y will be negative and it's the opposite of way around for the X component, right? So if you started, hypothetically, you started, say not just with four points but you started with a circle of points, then essentially in this phase of your oscillation, your circle will be deformed into an ellipse of this type. And now if you go to the other half of the phase, right? If you go to sign omega t smaller than zero, then everything happens just in the opposite direction. So essentially you get deformed like this, right? So then this is what I'm drawing again, and this is now you understand why I'm calling this plus polarization the whole time, right? So this is with some fantasy, you can see now across in this plane. So what has happened is you imagine you have a circle of gravitational waves and as your gravitational wave, the gravitational wave is coming along the Z axis, right? So the gravitational wave is essentially coming at us, right? From behind the plane. And now all the particles on this surface, all these particles on this plane, they now start to oscillate in such a way that the ellipse always kind of deformed first in one direction then deformed in the other direction. However, such that the surface inside will always be the same because the surface is a scalar and we're really just looking at tens of polarizations. Let me just briefly draw the second polarization and then we can do, then we have plenty of time for questions. So this is kind of what it's referred to as the plus polarization, right? And then you can also do the cross polarization. So to do that, you consider the case where H plus is zero, H cross is non-zero, so the opposite case and you go through the exact same steps, right? Just that now you have the off diagonal elements instead, the symmetric off diagonal elements and then what you will find is maybe a good exercise to do to kind of convince yourself that you're following this. And so we have the XY plane and now essentially what happens if we start with our circle, it will be deformed in one phase of the oscillation where we kind of be deformed into an ellipse like this and in the second phase, it will be deformed into an ellipse of this type, right? And this is precisely why we call it the cross polarization. Okay, yes, there's a question. Go ahead. Yeah, so is this sort of similar to what happens when a gravitational wave passes through a planetary object? So this applies to any test masses that you could consider. Okay, so like this difference in sort of stretching compression instead of what we measure like laser interferometer. Exactly, exactly. So what you would exactly, so if you would build a, if you would build a gravitational wave detector, right? And you would, for example, let's say we want to measure this gravitational wave, right? We would build an interferometer ideally, which is aligned precisely in this way, right? And we measure the interferometer measures this distance, right? With respect to this distance, that that is the measurement that the interferometer makes. And now as the gravitational wave comes through, right? This distance is now shortened, right? And this distance is stretched. And that's precisely what the interferometer will measure. Okay, thank you. There was, by the way, there was, historically there was a long debate if this is actually something that could be conceptually measured, because kind of the question is, well, but what if, so you're trying to measure a distance, right? But you're actually perturbing the metric. So in some sense, you're changing the distance, but you're also changing the ruler with which you're measuring the distance, right? And hence you have to be really, and this is essentially where all this discussion about the gauge freedom and what is actually physical and what our gauge artifacts where this enters. You have to be kind of very careful in what you're doing to really make sure that you actually are convinced yourself that this is really something physical that you can conceptually measure. And people were essentially, I mean, the computation was there, right? But people were still a bit confused. And the reason and why people, the argument which apparently in the end really convinced people that it was a physical effect was kind of the argument which is called the sticky bead argument that you have, you imagine you have an infinite rod and you have a bead which is on this rod and can move up and down, but the rod is sticky so that there's some friction when the bead moves. And but since now the rod is infinite, right? There's no question of does the ruler change or does the ruler not change, right? The gravitational wave would now move this bead up and down the sticky rod and then the friction force will be something where the heat from the friction will be something which you can objectively measure independent of the question, I mean, in theory, right? Which you can measure independent of the fact if kind of now the rod is stretched or the rod is not stretched. So this, yeah, apparently this is the, historically this was one of the arguments that convinced people that this was real but now that we are kind of enough that there's consensus on this, I think now this kind of this picture that you're just kind of stretching one arm with respect to the other is perfectly fine and accurate. So in conclusion, what we learned from this discussion of this plane waves, we learned that we have just to summarize we learned that we have two degrees of freedom. So when we linearize generativity, we get two degrees of freedom we can describe which corresponds to two linearly independent solutions which are plus and cross. And now, by the way, I also think I understand better someone was asking before and if the 10 degrees of freedom were really linearly independent and yeah, I mean, in fact, I think my answer was not quite correct, right? I mean, this is in the end the correct answer, right? Once you take into account all the gauge degrees of freedom and so on, right? Then in the end, you really just have two degrees of freedom that you can discuss. They are propagating transverse waves which deform a two-dimensional plane. So this is different than electromagnetism, right? Electromagnetism, you also have transverse waves but they are the entire thing, like here you really treat a mention, right? One dimension is the one where the gravitational wave is moving and then the plane orthogonal to this is the formed whereas for an electromagnetic wave of course you could go the entire thing in one dimension less, right? Because essentially you are the formation is only in one dimension not in two dimensions. This is precisely why did essentially the photon is a vector particle, right? The one-dimensional, it's been one particle and here we have a spin two particle. Yeah, so it's important to note that this is a spin two particle that we're discussing meaning for, in other words, this is a tensor and it's important to stress this is an inherent prediction of generativity. So there's no quantum gravity involved, no PSM physics, business or something which kind of has to be there if generativity is correct. And maybe one more note. So here we've talked about the plus and the cross basis. Sometimes people also talk about the left and the right basis. So H, L, R and they, this is just in case you ever come across this. These are related, this is again very similar to electromagnetism. These are related to these two guys by in this way, plus minus I H cross. So there's just two different linear, linear combinations, but I mean at the end of the day you have two degrees of freedom that you want to describe. Okay, are there any more questions? I have one last polling question which we can do in parallel. Yes, Maro. Thank you for taking my question. Can you elaborate a little bit more about this stretching of the metric and that it is actually physically affecting not that we can measure? Right, so you have- Because they're my first occasion I feel like it's not measurable. Right, right. And I can say that you're in good company, right? That this was actually a long discussion. So in my jurors textbook, right? So in this textbook here, wait the beginning, here, this first one, there's actually two chapters dealing just with this question. And essentially there are two frames which would make sense to discuss things. One is kind of what was called the free falling frame. So in the free falling frame, kind of your test masses are free falling, right? And then you kind of look at the effect of the gravitational wave on the trajectories. And you can, this is essentially where this argument with the gravitational deviation equation or geodesic deviation equation comes from. So you essentially really look asking kind of do trajectories deviate from each other. So that's one frame to look at. And the other frame to look at is what is referred to the proper detector frame. But the detector is not, because the detector is not a free falling object, right? It's fixed, it's fixed to Earth. It is not on a free falling trajectory. And in both the cases, you can, if the danger arises when you mix essentially in two situations, right? Then you can confuse yourself about what is physical and what is not physical. But if you kind of carefully stick to one frame or to the other frame, then you can convince yourself in both frames that it is really a physical effect. And essentially in one frame, and now don't ask me which one, in one frame essentially you can understand the gravitational wave as really a change in length scales. This is to me a bit more the intuitive understanding. And this is in the detector frame, right? Because this is really like how an interferometer works. And in the other frame, in the free falling frame, you instead have to think of it essentially as a shift in time instead of in space. So essentially the travel time of the objects changes. So the gravitational wave perturbs to travel the proper time of the moving objects. And again, this is a measurable physical effect. But yeah, you have to, it is quite easy to, yeah, but this all kind of boils down to doing kind of the gauge fixing in a proper way. And for example, this transfer stressless gauge which I use today and which I will use in most of the lectures and which actually most of the people use all the time. And this is really a gauge which only works in vacuum, right? So it's actually not a gauge that you can use really when talking about detectors. But people do it anyway and most of the time it's fine. So it's one of these cases where you can do a really good proper computation once you know the results. You can kind of do a shorter computation and reproduce the result. But I strongly encourage you to look into, but it's in section one or two, if there's a longer discussion on proper detector frame versus a free falling frame. Thank you very much. All right, next is Ivan. Yes, I wanted to ask a question in different sessions and different book. I heard the term harmonic gauge and harmonic coordinates and I wanted to ask if they are related to the gauge which was used today. Honestly, I don't know. I don't know what is the harmonic gauge? Okay, I'm asking because the derivation looks very similar to a book which I'm reading, but they're using harmonic gauge. So I'm wondering if it's the same or if they didn't, but I guess you don't know, okay. No, I don't know the harmonic gauge. I mean, I know that you can use different gauges, right? I mean, here we use Dorian's gauge and it is obviously different choices. It's very similar to the story in electromagnetism. You can also do something like Coulomb gauge and so on. Yeah, but not this specific, I don't know. Okay, thank you anyway. So I encourage you to do the last poll question here because this is kind of telling me if the poll is the speed of the lecture like and this is crucial for what you will be facing tomorrow. So this is your chance to have influence. Any more questions? Adriana? Sorry, Adriana. Yeah, so I know that there is a lot of complexity and discussion on how to define the energy of gravitational wave. So I'm thinking when we write the linearized Einstein equation, how should I interpret this energy and momentum tensor just like only Newtonian mother in there? Okay, so we'll touch a bit on that tomorrow. So as long as, okay. So essentially what we did today, right is that we took a flat space time and we perturbed it with the gravitational wave. And in that case, it is kind of clear what is more or less clear what is a gravitational wave. The complication arises when you have curved space time. And in fact, as soon as we have a non-zero energy momentum tensor here on the right hand side, it essentially means we have curved space time. But when you have curved space time, this means that your space time is space and time dependent. Well, at the very least it is space dependent. So then the question becomes how do you actually separate the background part from the perturbation part, right? Because if the background part now also has a space dependence, then how do I know what to put in the background or what to put in the perturbation? And that is kind of where the difficulties come from. And we'll talk about that a bit tomorrow. But I mean, I can tell you that the overall strategy is that you need a separation of scales. So you need to essentially say, I can do some sort of averaging procedure at some scale. And I need essentially that the background is say homogeneous at these scales and the gravitational wave is not, right? So if I want to, for example, measure gravitational wave with LIGO, then we use the fact that, of course, LIGO is not in vacuum, right? And so there is the gravitational potential of the Earth and all sorts of stuff. So what we use is the fact is that the gravitational waves that we see with LIGO oscillate at a frequency of hertz. But the gravitational wave backgrounds that we have from whatever, you know, the Earth and whatnot, they only vary very, very slowly. So if we do a time averaging procedure on a timescale which is much longer than the oscillation time of the gravitational wave, but much slower than the oscillation after the gravitational wave, but much faster than anything where the background would change, then we can in this way separate the gravitational wave from the background. But in fact, it doesn't make sense. Like in curved spacetime, so vacuum everything is easy, in curved spacetime, it doesn't make sense to talk about the gravitational wave without kind of specifying how you have even defined what is your background. Thank you. And so related to this, whatever is sourcing the gravitational wave, is it contained in the, like classical? I don't know how to express it. So sorry to say that again. So the gravitational wave is sourced by something. So I'm wondering if this something is also problematic or if this is just in the stress energy tensor. This is just in the stress energy tensor. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. Exactly, so in practice, in practice how this will work is that you have some event which is localized in spacetime. That creates a bunch of gravitational waves. And then they just propagate to the vacuum and we can describe them just fine, right? And then when we detect them, we have to again be a bit careful. Yeah, and we'll talk about in the last lecture, we'll talk about sources. I mean, the most obvious source is essentially the one that the detection at LIGO or detect several, many detections as LIGO has already made, right? From two black holes colliding with each other, right? That kind of disturbs the metric so much that kind of we get a radiating signal. This is the gravitational waves that LIGO has measured. And yeah, there you would essentially say, okay, there was one event in spacetime is the merging of the gravitational waves that generated the bunch of, generated this gravitational wave. That's in fact a very complicated process to model that really to high accuracy. But then once they're kind of propagating in vacuum, they are very easy to describe. I should maybe you also mention I probably should have said this at the very beginning and they catch your attention. So the reason why gravitational waves are such a unique way to probe particle physics and to probe the universe is that in, like when we use photons to probe the cosmic history, we can always only probe back until the decoupling of the cosmic microwave background because at early times, the universe was like, there was a plasma that was charged particles and light didn't propagate freely. So it's very, very hard to probe any times before the C and B decoupling. But the gravitational waves really don't care at all if the particles are charged or not charged, right? Because they don't know about charge. They just know about masses. So gravitational waves in principle can probe the entire cosmic history up to cosmic inflation and in principle retain the information. And if we can detect them, right? Then we can decode all this information. Then the problem is of course that the gravitational wave, it doesn't care about all the plasma in the universe. It also doesn't care a lot about architecture, right? They tend to just, they're so weakly coupled that they're extremely difficult to detect. But that is kind of the kind of the, that is the underlying reason why this is potentially a very promising tool for part of the physics. I see a little bit of a box. Yeah, hi. So I have a question related to that, what you just said. So you said that in this propagation region, one usually assumes that there's just a vacuum and therefore we can really even know what gravitational waves are. So, but there are some situations which people are already thinking about or really are physically, where maybe this approximation could be problematic. Yeah. Well, yeah, so in the gravitational wave interact extremely weakly with matter and stuff, right? So, and then the universe is pretty empty, right? So for most of the time, it's really fine. I mean, did the gravitational wave, I mean, sure, I mean, if you have whatever, if you have some massive objects in the path of the gravitational wave, then the gravitational wave will be lensed just in the same way that light is lensed, right? But this is something we understand, right? Essentially, this just kind of means that the trajectory of the gravitational wave changes. And this is in fact something that people have looked at. There was, for example, at some point, there was a case that LIGO had measured two black hole merger events, which kind of looked, were kind of close together in time and looked maybe somewhat similar and people were speculating if maybe one event was the lensed image of the other event, right? So, one event, but then kind of two trajectories around some very massive object, then both kind of being detected at Earth. So these are the type of things that people have looked at. But apart from that, the gravitational wave doesn't care much if there's what I've been up, there's a cloud of hydrogen or something in the way it just doesn't care. That one makes it so powerful to probe the very early universe. So that's basically the only region which could be problematic would be if the region would be exactly the one which also produces gravitational waves like some binary system closely before the merger or something like that. Right, right, right. Because there also we have the problem that the perturbation is not small, right? Because here we're always, I'm always working in the linearized theory, right? So I'm always saying that H has to be very much smaller than kind of the metric itself. And now if you're very close to a black hole, that is no longer the case, right? These black holes are merging and you have to deal with strong gravity and that is difficult. And then you need to do that properly, you need numerical simulations. Okay, thank you very much. I see no more questions. There was a question in the chat. Francesco, can you read by yourself or should I read? So Francesco, ask it whether the reference that you gave by Maggiore contains explanation of the SVT, the composition. Okay, so the Maggiore textbook contains the discussion about how you do the individual gauge fixing steps, right? To then arrive at the two degrees of freedom. So he talks about crew on gauge and these things and the transverse tracers gauge. Now this story here is kind of the very general picture of cosmological, it goes under the name of cosmological perturbation theory. And I honestly haven't find the perfect reference but a good place to start reading about this would be the Tazi lectures by Daniel Beaumont. So Daniel Beaumont, I think there's two ends, they may not be, I'm not sure, Tazi lectures. And here's one on inflation and one on, I don't know, called cosmology or something like that. And they both in the appendix of these lectures, I found those useful. All right. And I see another question in the chat, no? When Antonio? Yeah, could you tell us a little bit about rotational waves as a test for particle production during reheating? Can I help us to understand if there's been a preheating or not? Yeah, that's a very good question. We will come a little bit to it in the third lecture. I can give you a spoiler and that is that, so in principle, yes. So preheating is a very, so in order to source a gravitational wave, right? What you need is this energy momentum tensor. And in particular, since we know now we need to solve a tensor perturbation, we need an energy momentum tensor which actually has a tensor contribution, which essentially means we need an anisotropic energy momentum tensor. So typically if you have some very violent process which is not symmetric, symmetric meaning there's no radio or spherical symmetry, then you generically source gravitational waves and the more violent or more energetic your processes, the more gravitational waves you get. So preheating is very violent, right? It's very high energies. It's not at all symmetric, right? You may have bubbles which collide and all sorts of things going on. So it's a strong source of gravitational waves. However, the problem is that preheating happens typically at a very high, very early in cosmic history, which means that the gravitation waves get diluted a lot until they reach us. And also kind of the length scale of the gravitational wave involved depends on the typical size of the process. And then of course you have the redshift to today. But if you kind of look at the typical mass scale of a preheating particle or an implant particle, this is very high mass scale, which means it's a very small length scale, which means it translates to extremely high frequencies today. So the highest frequency that we can probe would lie over something like hertz kilohertz or so. And in order to really probe like broad classes of preheating models, you would need to be able to do megahertz or gigahertz or something. And there are, there's currently, there's several ideas out there, but there's no clear path forward on how to detect gravitational waves at those frequencies. Okay, it's great. Next question by Antonio. And maybe this was the same one. I gave you the same one. Yeah, okay. So then Artemis, please go ahead. Yeah, can you hear me? Yes. Okay, I was just wondering, you mentioned that what we did today works for a massless graviton. So massless gravity. What would change if we had a massive particle? Yeah, so I'm not an expert on this, but I mean, if we look at just kind of the final properties, right? So one thing that would change is it would no longer propagate up the speed of light, right? But it would kind of propagate at whatever speed is dictated by its mass. We would also have more than two degrees of freedom. And you can kind of understand that by the analogy with electromagnetism, right? So the massless photon just has two degrees of freedom, the two transverse degrees of freedom. But if we give it a math, we in addition also have the longer two degree of freedom. And the same is true for gravity. So in models where you make the graviton or you add a mass term to your gravitational waves, then you don't only have these two degrees of freedom, the plus and the cross, but you have additional longitudinal modes and additional scalar modes. And in fact, one of the things that LIGO has already done is they have checked, for example, if they have in their data, right? They've seen these modes, right? From the blackboard merges. And they have, for example, checked. If they have, and this is what you expect, right? From GR, but they have also checked in their data if they have any indication of detecting other modes. But so far they have, they have not, right? Otherwise we would have heard. Right, my question was more like, I understand, of course, it's gonna be a difference at the end, like the solution would get will be different. But I'm not sure I see, well, I haven't seen actually how it would work. What would be the equation that would start it from? Cause we started from linearizing Einstein's equation and we have no particles in there. So like, I guess we would have to do a QFT approach or something like that to have like, because we have no particle. Like we end up with a box operator without a mass, but... Well, we would have to modify GR, right? Because in GR, it's a prediction that the gravitation waves are massless, right? So what we would need to do is we would need to snuff. So our starting point was Einstein equation, right? So general relativity. If we want to somehow arrive at a theory which has massive gravitational waves, we need to start with a different theory. So essentially we need to modify and sometimes we need to, well, I don't even know if it's entirely correct to say we need to modify the left hand side, but we need to modify this equation. We need to have some more complicated form of this equation, which allows for extra degrees of freedom. So really the starting point changes, right? And then if this changes, then of course this equation changes, right? And then of course, this equation changes, right? And you will no longer just have box H on the left hand side, but it will have something more complicated. Okay, okay, thank you. Do you have more material to cover today or? No, no, I was done. I was done. I took it seriously that you said two times 35 minutes. Okay, 45 I said. Well, it was, yeah, it's fine, it's fine. Perfect. Yeah, no, it's fine. We could start with the next one. No, I think this is a good point to start. Perfect, so let's stop the recording. Okay, great. And there were many questions, but there is more time for more. So now the recording is not on, so don't be afraid to ask any question.
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What the applicants thought of the assessment day
|
The IOP Scholarship Assessment day is a challenging yet inspiring experience for applicants.
To find out how you can apply for an IOP Teacher Training Scholarship visit www.iop.org/scholarships
|
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Y2Db9itUNn4
|
Dwi'n symud y gallwn hefyd mae'n dweud y gallwn y ffordd yn hyn fydd am 40,000 lwyngol. Mae'n ddweud ei bod yn rhoi chyfion. Mae'n ddweud ei bod yn cael ei wneud yn cynig, a'r ddweud yng ngyfafodd yn ffrind. Mae'n ddweud yn bobl yn ei ddweud, yn cael ei ddweud yn cofn tref digon. Mae'n ddweud yn swyddi, ac mae'n salweedd yn cael ei gwaspen. a ddylai bobl sy'n chwmp y blaen iawn i gael a fyddwn i'r ffyniad yw oedd y bydd ymryd ychydig. Rwyf wedi cael ei ddweud o'r ffynedd o eich rhanau'r ffyniad, i'r rhanau i'r ddeud o'r ffyniad. Rydym yn mynd i gael llawer i'r 1st fel y peth mwy yma ac a oedd yn gweithio drwy'r hyn a chylau fieldicol pan rydyn ni'n meddwl i'r cyfnodd yn gyfarfodod yn blaeniau mynd i'r cyffredinol. Felly, byddwch yn mynd yn ymdeithasol yma, sy'n fyddai'r cyfnodd y fyddai'r cychydig a'r hynny'n gweithio'r plasfyrwyr yn ei ddod ymweld. Ryn ni'n gyd-dweud i mi'r FGCU maen nhw'n gweithio'r cyflwynt yng Nghymru, felly'r ymddeithasol wedi'i gwneud ymddi, eich cyflwyntau a'r hyn yn ymddi'r cyflwyntau. Rwy'n gweithio'r cyflwyntau cyffordd ymddiad yn hynny yn ymddangos, felly rydw i'r ffaisodd yn ymddangos. A dyna, rydw i'r gweithio'r pythu'n gwybod yn ysgrifwyr a'r ysgol i'r ffaisodd. Rydw i'n rydw i'n gwneud hynny'n ymddangos i'r rôl, ac i'r bau gwneud yn yr ystod o'r cyhoeddent yn y GCC textbook. Mae's ydych chi gynhyrchu'r cyfrifiadau. Rydw i'r gynhyrchu'r cyfrifiadau a'r gwneud yn ymddangos i'r cyfrifwyr. Mae'n gwybod i'n gweithio'r cyfrifiadau, Mae hynny'n golygu, mae'n ddonddi yn y lleidion i ddigwethaf. Dyma'n olyg ystod ystyried ilud o rhoi'r blyneddau ystafell y gallwn gweithlach. Rwy'n rydyn ni'n amlwg o'r fathogu cafodd ffaith yma. Ac hynny'n ddiddel i'r blyneddau cafodd i bod hi'n hynny i ddegwethaf ym ddidd abovewyd. Roedd y gwael dweud o'r holl sy'n cael gwaith y mae'r cyfrifiadau ac mae'n gweithgaf swydd yn y gallw i hyrudd westfynol. ac, ydych chi'n gweithio, ydych chi'n gweithio i'w ddweud o'r dweud o'r ffordd yng Nghymru yng Nghymru.
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UCNwHL7lffNALP62igvVhdkA
|
Unizor - Scalar Product of Vectors - Problems 2
|
Given two vectors in two-dimensional space a and b.
Prove that the following rules are satisfied if we define a scalar product in a geometric form as
a · b = A·B·cos(φ)
(where A and B are lengths of these two vectors and φ is an angle between them)
Rule 1 - independence law
Scalar product is invariant (that is, does not change) relative to a rotation of a coordinate system by an angle α.
Rule 2 - multiplication by a null-vector
a · 0 = 0
Rule 3 - multiplication of a unit vector by itself
1 · 1 = 1
Rule 4 - commutative law
a · b = b · a
Hint:
Do not forget that an angle between vectors a and b is not the same as an angle between vectors b and a
Rule 5 - associative with multiplication by a constant law
(K·a) · b = K·(a · b) and
a · (K·b) = K·(a · b)
Rule 6 - distributive law
(a+b) · c = a · c + b · c
Hint:
To prove this geometrically, express lengths of vectors a and b in terms of the length of their sum and angles between all of these vectors using the Law of Sines.
|
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] | 2014-01-10T19:27:14 | 2024-02-05T07:23:48 | 1,612 |
y2nbBxUEqDI
|
Hi, I'm Zor. Welcome to InDesert Education. Talking about scalar product of the vectors. In the beginning, in the theoretical lectures, I have introduced certain rules or principles or axioms, if you wish, about the properties of the scalar product which it's supposed to satisfy. There are natural rules like independence of the rotation of the system of coordinates, so it depends only on physical characteristics of vectors, their lengths and an angle between them. Commutative, distributive law, multiplication by null vector or multiplication by unit vectors by themselves. So these rules were sufficient to come up with certain formulas for scalar product. Now, in case of let's say two dimensional case, which is a little easier, so if you have two vectors with coordinates a1, a2 and b1, b2, then in the coordinate form, their scalar product, according to these rules, must actually be expressed as the formula like this in the coordinate form or geometrically speaking, it's expressed as the lengths of one vector times the lengths of another vector times cosine of an angle between them. So we have two representations which were derived from these rules which I was talking about. Now, the previous lecture which was like problems number one was about, okay, let's take the coordinate representation of this scalar product as given and then derive all the rules which we were talking about, independence of the rotation, commutative, distributive law, etc. Now I would like to do exactly the same with geometric representation. So let's consider that we have defined our scalar product as this lengths times length times times cosine of the angle between them. Can I derive all these very useful and nice properties which we were kind of put in the beginning as a foundation? Can I derive all these from the formula? So basically what I'm trying to do is to prove the necessity and sufficiency of the expressions in coordinate form or in geometric form for satisfaction of those rules. So rules and these formulas are in one-to-one correspondence, so to speak. They are necessary and sufficient condition for each other. So this lecture which is basically a problem number two lecture is prove that all these rules which we were talking about follow from the geometric expression of the scalar product. So let's just try to prove it. Okay, the rule number one, the scalar product should not depend on transformations of the coordinate system which preserve the metric of the system, which means lengths of segments are not changed and the angle between segments is not changed either. So it's like rotation, for instance, or reflection of the coordinate system relative to one of the axes, for instance. So, well, let's just look at this formula. It depends on the lengths of the vectors and the angle between them. And we just said that we are talking about transformations of the coordinate system which do not change it. So basically from the problem itself actually, from the conditions of the problem itself, this rule actually follows because it depends only on the lengths and the angles. So no matter how we rotate the coordinate system or reflected relative to some axes, the lengths of the vectors is not changed in these transformations and the angle between them not changed either. And by the way, considering this is a cosine which is an even function, it doesn't really matter, we count an angle from A to B or from B to A because all we are doing, we are changing the sine of the angle and the change of the sine doesn't change the value of the cosine because sine is an even function. So the rule number one is satisfied basically by definition of the transformation we are talking about. Now, rule number two is this. If I multiply a vector, any vector, by a null vector, null vector is the one which has lengths of zero, then I will get zero. Well, obviously, this B is a null vector, so the lengths of the B again by definition is zero, so this is the multiplication of lengths of the A which is something by zero and by cosine of the angle which doesn't really exist and it doesn't really matter because this is zero. So this is satisfied as well. Next is another simple case. If I will have two unit vectors, well, if I have one unit vector multiplied by itself, then result is supposed to be one. Well, again, it's very easy because the length is equal to one, this and this, and the cosine of the angle, if I'm talking about multiplication by itself, it means that I have two vectors which have directed in exactly the same direction, which means that the angle between them is zero and the cosine of zero is one. So we have one, one, and one, and that's why this product is equal to one. So that's true too. Next is associative law. Okay, I have to prove that if I will multiply one of the vectors which is a component of the scalar product by a constant, then it will be the same as multiplication of this constant by scalar product of these two vectors. Well, that's very easy to see because multiplication by a constant does not change the direction of the vector. It just makes it longer or shorter. It's stretching or shrinking, right? So the length is the only thing which is changed here. So what's the length of K times vector A? Well, the length is equal to... This is by definition of the multiplication... Actually, I have to put absolute value here. This is the definition of the multiplication of the vector by a constant. We were talking about when we were defining this that the direction remains the same and multiplication by constant is changing the length. The only little detail is that if the constant is negative, we change the direction to an opposite. But again, it doesn't change the absolute value of the length which remains to be exactly the same. Now, B is what it is. So on the left, I will have... On the left, I will have absolute value of K by A by B by cosine of phi. Now, speaking about cosine of phi, if K positive, then the direction between A and B remains exactly the same. So angle is exactly the same as it was before. Now, if direction is changed to the opposite, the angle... if this... what used to be A and B, and now this is A times K for K negative, then the angle is this one. Right? So the angle is changed to the opposite. The direction is changed to the opposite, so the angle is changed to 180 if this is phi. So this is 180 minus phi. Right? So as a result, my cosine is changing from the cosine of phi to cosine of 180 degree minus phi, which is... which is minus cosine of phi, as we know from the trigonometry. So for positive constant K, the left side is equal to... basically I have to put, instead of this angle, I have to put 180 minus phi. And for positive, it will be the same phi. So let me just have two cases here. So this is for K greater or equal to zero, and for K less than zero, I have the same thing, cosine... Well, I can actually immediately write minus here and cosine of phi here. So that's what this part is. Now let's talk about this part. Well, this is always absolute length of A times length of B times cosine of phi. And we multiply by K. So for positive K, for positive K, we have exactly the same, because the absolute value of K for positive K is K. For negative K, we have this, because this is exactly the same cosine of phi, right? So negative K would be equal to minus absolute value of K. So in both cases, positive K or negative K, we have exactly the same result. So that's why the left part is equal to the right part. And obviously, if I will multiply this vector, instead of A multiply B by K, it would also be exactly the same thing for exactly the same reasons. What I mean is this. It's equal to A... Well, I don't really need this parenthesis. A times KB. That's exactly the same thing, exactly the same logic but applied to the vector B should prove it. So that's about associative law relative to multiplication by constant. Okay, and the last one is a little bit more involved, is distributive law. So distributive law is this. This is a scalar product of some of two vectors by the third one, and these are two scalar products of these two vectors. Now, when we were talking in the previous lecture about the same distributive law in coordinate form, it was actually very easy to prove because the distributive law was actually... between the vectors in the scalar product was reduced to distributive law among numbers. And geometrically, it's a little bit more involved. So let's do it differently. And again, it's not really for, like, really proving this thing. It's more of a mental exercise because it's quite interesting if we can prove exactly the same thing but using a completely different approach, a geometric approach rather than algebra of coordinates. All right, so here is the drawing. My proof will probably depend quite significantly on the drawing. However, even in differently positioned vectors, the proof would be exactly the same thing. So I'll do it in this particular case. So let's say this is my angle B, my vector B. This is my vector A. And we need C, right? So this is C. This is my three vectors which are involved in this thing. So first I have to draw A plus B. So this is a parallelogram. That's how we draw the sum of two vectors, right? You take this one, attach it to the end of this one, or draw a parallelogram. It doesn't really matter how we'll do it. And this is V equals to A plus B. Since we are talking about geometry, I need some angles, right? So let's say this is angle alpha, angle between A and B would be vector. And I will also use this angle gamma between the sum of A and B relative to A. Okay. Now, let me just wipe out everything from here. Let me know all this. And I will use that space for something. All right, so what I'm going to do is I would like to... Okay, let me just write again what I'm going to prove. To prove this, let me express the lengths of A and B in terms of the lengths of their sum and whatever the angles I have here. Now, I will use this triangle from here to here and to here and use the law of signs to basically express the lengths of all these components. Now, by the way, this is beta, so this is 180 degree minus beta, right? Now, I will use the same letters but without the bars on the top to express the lengths of these vectors, right? So I'm talking about lengths only. So V, which is this one, lengths of this vector, which is the sum of these two, divided by sine of this, V divided by sine of 180 minus beta. Now, sine of 180 minus something is the sine of that something, right? Again, we know this from trigonometry. Equals to... Now, this is A and this angle is equal to this angle, which is equal to beta minus gamma, right? So it's equal to A divided by sine of beta minus gamma and equals to B divided by... Now, this is B and this is gamma, so this is sine of gamma. So from this, we can say that A is equal to V times sine of beta minus gamma divided by sine of beta and B is equal to V times sine of gamma divided by sine of beta. Now, what do we have to prove, actually? We have to prove that V times C times cosine of alpha plus gamma, right? V is the length of this, C is the length of this and alpha plus gamma is the angle between them. We have to prove that this is equal to A C cosine... A C cosine of alpha, right? That's what this is. So, V C and cosine of alpha plus gamma is this one. V is the length of this, C is the length of this and cosine of alpha plus gamma is their angle. A C is this, A C and cosine of alpha between them. And B C is B C cosine of B C. It's alpha plus beta. That's what we have to prove. So what I'm going to do, I will substitute this and this into A and B here and I'll just try to prove this trigonometric equality. So we don't need this anymore. Again, I was saying that I would kind of depend on this particular drawing but you understand that if any other composition, there will be very similar considerations. So, if I will substitute, instead of A and B, I will substitute this. What I will do, well, first of all, I can obviously reduce by C and then V would be here and V would be here so I can reduce by V as well. So I will retain only the trigonometric functions. So cosine of alpha plus gamma equals, instead of A, I will put this. So the cosine of alpha will remain so it will be cosine of alpha times sine of beta minus gamma divided by sine beta. And here I will have cosine of alpha plus beta times sine gamma divided by sine beta. Or if I multiply by sine beta, I will get this and this would be sine of beta. So that's what I would like to prove. Now, I still remember sine and cosine of the sum of the difference between two angles so I will just open these parentheses and see what happens. Okay, sine of beta times cosine of sum. This is a cosine, cosine minus sine, sine. All right, so I will have cosine, cosine, and sine. All right, so cosine of alpha. I will put it in alphabetical order. Then sine of beta then cosine of gamma. Right? I'll give you these parentheses. Minus, because this is the minus, sine sine, right? So I will have three sines. Sine alpha, sine beta, sine gamma. That's what I have to prove that it's equal to this. All right, same thing. Cosine alpha, sine cosine minus cosine sine, right? So it's sine beta cosine gamma minus the same cosine alpha, cosine beta sine gamma. Plus this thing. Cosine cosine minus sine sine, right? So it's cosine alpha cosine beta and sine gamma minus sine alpha sine beta sine gamma. Now, if I did not make mistakes, it should all be somehow equal. Well, let's think about it. This is equal to this. That's true. Cosine sine cosine. Cosine sine cosine. This is equal to this. And this cosine cosine sine, cosine cosine sine minus and plus they nullify each other. Yeah, everything is fine. So basically this, a little bit more involved trigonometrically proves that all the rules, including this one actually, the distributive law are satisfied if we will give the definition of this color product only in geometric form. Length times length times cosine of the angle between them. So that actually completes this exercise of proving of the equivalence of giving these six rules, which I was actually starting with, and derived the coordinate and geometric representation of the vectors. Equivalence of an opposite approach. We can define the coordinate as a coordinate representation of this color product in the beginning and then we derive the rules as properties of this. Or if we define geometrically the color product of two vectors and then again we derive all the rules. So all these three logical systems, six rules, which seems to be quite a major role, definition in the coordinate form and definition in the geometric form, they're all equivalent to each other. From any one I can derive any others. I do suggest you to go to unison.com again to this particular lecture to problems too, it's called. And try to prove yourself exactly the same thing which I did here. I think it's a very useful exercise. And that probably would complete the theoretical part of this color product. There might be some other problems which I will add in the future, but basically this is the most important because it actually explains all the nuances of the definition of this color product and how the properties of this are. Well, that's it for today. Thank you very much and good luck.
|
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ହୋଟେଲ ଭିତରେ ରଙ୍ଗୀନ ହେଉଛି ରାତି || Bhadrak || Sex Racket Busted In Hotel
|
ଚାଲିଛି ଖୁଲମଖଲା ଦେହ ବେପାର | ବନ୍ଦ ଘର ଭିତରୁ ଉଦ୍ଧାର ହେଲେ ଯୁବକ ଓ ଯୁବତୀ | ୩ ଯୁବତୀଙ୍କ ସହ ୩ ଯୁବକଙ୍କୁ ଗିରଫ କଲା ପୋଲିସ |
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y2rq2uzSEzI
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HOTEL BHITAR E RANGIN HOU CHI RATI CHALI CHI KULAM KULA DEHA BEPAR PANTH GHARA BHITAR UDDHAR HALE JUBAKA HO JUBATI TINI JUBATING HO SHO TIN JUBAKANGU GIRUP PALA POLICE JABAT HALA KICHI MEDICIN SHO APATI JANA GO SHAMAGRI E HOU CHI BHADRAG JILA ARODI FANDI NIKOTER THI BA ROYAL PALES HOTEL CHI ONTI CHALI THI LA SEX KARBAR TINI JANA JUBAKANG SHO TINI JANA JUBATI GO GIRUP PALA POLICE DEKHAHUJU AIDA AMOR VISHAHSATUR KHABAR PAIJI CHADAHO GORJI BARTAMAN TINJANA MARA RESKU KORAI CHI DUYUNA KU MA DEHA GAHAKA HO CHAN TANGABAR RE RESKU KORAI CHI DEKHAHUJU AIDA INVESTIGATION HONOR ACHI BARTAMAN TO A BAN HABAN DEKHAHUJU E SAMPAR GA MA DHA KICHI POLICE RE MADHA HATAR HOJU KUNA SET NAHAL MA DHA ETHI GATAKAL GHATNA GHATI CHI DHAMNAGAR HO KI DHOCHIRI HO MA NAYA R.D. POLICE JANAI PALA NAYA BHADRAK S.M.K.A NIRDAS KRAMORE DHAMNAGAR S.G.P.O. BANG DHOCHIRI I.S.J.A.NG CHAWDHO KALAI TINI BORI BODE GHATNA HO CHI STANI GHA POLICE RE SAHAJAG ROHOJI SEX TAKAR DEKHA ROJAY BANG ETHI RAYA KICHI DALAN MA DHA SAMPAR GA ROJHAN TI EKUNE BAN DHA MA ABHI JAG MA DHA BARA MAAR KORI TEBE UDHAR HOITI BA JUBAKAU JUBATING MA DHARE CHAJPURU ANCELARA DUI JUBAKANGA SAHITTA DUI JUBATI HO BHADRAK ANCELARA JANAI JUBAKANGA SAHITTA JANAI JUBATING DHOCHIRI POLICE ATAK RAKHICHI E NAYA DHAMNAGAR UPAKANTA ADIGARI SUJANA DEICHAN TI JANAI HOTEL KARMATARI MA DHAI ATAK ANCELARA JANAI JUBAKANGA SAHITTA JANAI JUBATING DHOCHIRI POLICE ATAK RAKHICHI KHABAR ANUJAY ARODI FUNDI NIKADAR THIBA HOTEL ROYAL PALESHRE SEX RACKET CHAALUTH WANAY DRIGADIN HEB ABHI JAG HOI AASHUTHLA BISCHASATA SUTURU KHABAR PAI BHADRAK ESPINGA NIRDESKAR ME DHOSHURI THANA POLICE HOTEL LE CHADAV PARITHLA EI SOMAYA HOTELU TINI JUBAKA JUBATING UDHAR HONDAI BISCHASATA SUTURU KHABAR PAI BHADRAK ESPINGA NIRDESKAR ME DHOSHURI THANA POLICE HOTEL LE CHADAV PARITHLA EI SOMAYA HOTELU TINI JUBAKA JUBATING UDHAR HONDAI SEMANA GATHALU KICHI MEDICINESA APATI JANAKA SAMAGRI MADHI HAJJABAT KARAJITHLA BANGIO JUBATI BANJU AASHUTHLA BANGLA DESHU TEBANG WEST BANGALU YARJU CHARO LAMBICHI ITI PAIN KICHI MATRA RE POLICE RE UDAASHI NATA DAI RUCHI BULI AIM ANHAB KORCHU TEBANG KEBOLA YI JINISA TANKA MADHIMA RHI PARI WANI ANNEMANI AR DALAL AUCHANTI JU MANI KE LAFAN AUCHANTI TANKA MADHIMA RHI PARI WANI ANNEMANI AR DALAL AUCHANTI TANKA MADHIMA RHI PARI WANI ANNEMANI AR DALAL AUCHANTI TANKA MADHIMA RHI PARI WANI ANNEMANI AR DALAL AUCHANTI DINU KUDINU BHADRAG JILLARE BODY CHALI CHI SEX KAAR BAR BOTEL VITUR UDHAR HAUCHANTI DEHAJI BHI TEBAY DEHAJI BINGA PATHAR EK KYE TANKA AGAMIDINAR BHADRAG POLICE LOKANGA SAMNAKU ANI BANG NAK KEBOLA DEHAJI BUNGDARI POLICE BHABHA ANNEMANG TEBAY AMA BIDRUTI BHADRAG POLICE LOKANGA SAMNAKU ANI BANG DHAMNAKU RU BISODH PALANGA KARE PODE ARGASK NYUJ JHADI APA NOKU AMA BIDRUTI BHADRAGILA TEBAY AMA BIDRUTI BHADRAGILA TEBAY AMA BIDRUTI BHADRAGILA TEBAY AMA BIDRUTI BHADRAGILA
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UCJXltguGSVIZAcbIglaZ-mA
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Aaron Boone recaps the Yankees series win over the Red Sox
|
Aaron Boone on the Yankees series win over the Red Sox as we head into the All-Star break. Subscribe for daily sports videos!
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|
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"mlb",
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"luke voit",
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] | 2022-07-17T21:49:45 | 2024-02-07T17:08:45 | 50 |
y2oJcwBNFoM
|
Okay, we got to get him on some board shorts and a spatula. Let's do this. Let's go. Let's what do we got Erin after last week and a half and having to overcome some adversity Just what do you think it says about your team heading into the all-star breakouts scoring the Red Sox 27 to 3 over the last two games? Yeah, great job by then you know been a little bit of a rough week obviously and You know to answer last night and today with two, you know pretty emphatic victories and you know everyone I think just You want to roll into break, you know feeling good, you know, I remember last we're talking about last last year's break You know where we lost the the lead when we had a chance of sweeping in Houston So definitely a better taste in your mouth But good to see the guys really finish off a strong strong half
|
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How A Young Ugandan Became A Billionaire at 40 Will Shock You!
|
The Image of AFRICA has been DISTORTED around the WORLD & We are CHANGING the NARRATIVES via YOUTUBE videos One Country At Time.Until the HISTORY of AFRICA is told by AFRICANS, the story of GREATNESS will always GLORIFY the IMPERIALISTS!.
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We Love You!
|
[
"africa",
"wodemaya",
"african entrepreneurs",
"african entrepreneurs success stories",
"african entrepreneurship",
"african entrepreneurs network",
"Hamis Kiggundu",
"richest people",
"richest man in uganda",
"top 10 richest people in uganda 2022",
"wodemaya in uganda",
"inside",
"inside uganda youngest billionaire",
"ham kiggundu",
"richest politicians in uganda",
"ham kiggundu cars"
] | 2023-04-02T17:29:18 | 2024-02-07T17:15:19 | 1,667 |
Y2uCAzV9zzU
|
What is a Western if you ever heard about yourself? Like I told you Africans are negative in Jeno. Uganda is inclusive but when you apply reason like I do, you come to realize that everything comes at a cost. Why do you expect to be richer than the majority of the people in your society and you expect them to clap and love you so much? No, it is a natural thing. Hat is part of the human cycle. So instead of making me feel bad, I have learnt how to live with it and how best can I use it towards improvement of my progress and improvement of the society where I live. So instead of people always hate you, if you are better than them regardless of where you are, people always hate you. So the better you adjust your reasoning capacity and you accept it, the better you move forward, the faster you move forward. I want to know why I grow processing. We export a lot of raw materials and import a lot of finished goods at 10 or 20 times the price for what we imported it at. So I was thinking if I can set up integrated agro processing plants, I can add value and look for the demand for agro produce not just domestically through import substitution, but also regionally and internationally. That way I would have improved the lives of the majority of the Ugandans because you see I'm not going for farming. No, the Ugandans would be the outgrowers. Then I'm staged at value addition. If I can aim for the market, specifically moving within the directions of demand and supply, I look for the market, I process and export and bring money back on. That way I will improve a lot of lives for a lot of households in Uganda. So that is why I moved into agro processing and value addition. Okay, it was also at my net worth here in the wrong run, but this time the difference would be it is not limited to me as an individual, but it is cutting across majority of Ugandans. And I don't expect to do this just in one central region. Uganda, I mapped Uganda into 10 zones and I plan to put integrated agro processing plants in 10 zones of Uganda if God grants me the life and the time and the reasoning capacity to pull it off. Now all these structures you see right here, okay, the warehouses, we are going to house all the activities of agro processing industries, including cold rooms, packaging, storage and everything involved. Like here where we are, this is the pilot project. Mr. Hamish Shigund has set up for others to emulate and develop our country through agro processing and value addition. On the basis of Uganda being an agro-based country. So we are going to stop exporting raw materials and importing processed goods, but rather process everything from here at value, make quality controls and only export the excess. Only export the excess, that's a good one. Because we have the market for everything right here at home. Okay, what kind of products will you be processing in here then? Right here we are going to be processing the vegetables like the fruits, we manufacture juice, the meat, chicken, the cereals. We are going to put up cereals the other place where we shall be storing over 500,000 metric tons. We export it like the way you have been saying, we have had challenges with Kenya that our cereals are low quality. Right now we are going to put everything in perfect place. We are going to import expatriates here with the existing ones who have experience and make everything world standard. When it comes to the real estate, how many builders have you built so far in Uganda? Do you have numbers? No, I have quite a lot of kumashu properties in Uganda. In various areas, from kumashu structures to now real estate housing structures for residential, I have quite a number of projects, quite a number. Apart from Uganda, what other countries are you investing in? I have quite a number of properties. I have a logistics company in the United States trading as I'm express logistics in Dallas. I also quite own property in the UK. I'm quite screwed out but I'm mainly focused and invested in Africa. I read on the internet that your self-made billionaire is that true? Yeah. I also read on the internet that you're being supported by the government or whatever you're doing. That's what I read on the internet, that whatever you're doing is backed by the government. Is that true? I am an independent individual and a private member of the society. I don't hold any public funds for clarity. And when you say government, if you mean that the government has put in place the right prevailing circumstances or platform under which a reasonable man like me has been able to exploit the prevailing circumstances like security and freedoms to make it to where I am today, it is 100% true. Government has provided the right prevailing circumstances for me and the people that can apply reason in Uganda to make it big. That is a fact. Otherwise, if it was in security here maybe I would be dead but it is government that keeps us secure and it is government that protects us without properties and it is government that gives us the right to prosper without necessarily trying to pull you down. I have zero government. I don't have any coin from government. I have never taken any money from government. What inspires you to do what you do? Me, a fact that you are living, you are not dead. Struggle is a constant factor for as long as you are. When you are dead everything is done but for as long as you are living and breathing you have to keep moving. What else is there to be? If there is life, there is everything, right? Yeah, if there is life because you see in the initial stages of prosperity a man looks for a nice house, a nice car, better ways of survival. What happens if you are no longer limiting to survival you can drive the car you want, you can live in the biggest house possibly you can afford then what? You still eat one plate of food, you still drive one car to time, you can still stay in one house regardless of what you possess. So what then? How many Africans have what I have? There are very few. So the best I can give anyone watching this show right now, the best anyone nearing us now, listening to us now is how can I kickstart your rezoning capacity regardless of where you are? You see it is never too late to reason. I will give you an example of education system. Majority of Africans have gone through education systems and now they are the old PhDs, they are professors but have you ever asked yourself why the most educated people over society the least I would say rich or wealthy in our society? Just because you see by nature and character in Africa we've been told that you should draw the difference within those over 20 meters you should draw the difference between knowledge and wisdom. Professors have acquired a lot of knowledge with ability to attitulately pass it on to others but with total inability to practically apply it towards their own progress and prosperity of their societies. Rezoning is deep critical analysis of the prevailing circumstances without necessarily fronting personal emotions and desires because you see with reason we do what is right with desires and emotions we do what we desire Africans are taken up by short term desires and emotions not progressive reasoning. I think people needs to have a copy of this book because we've been talking about reasoning so I will say that the secret behind your success is reason I've managed to make it in Africa where everyone believes conditions are very poor that means I have managed to reason out a difficult situation in Africa me if it was in America would be the richest man to be because I would apply my reasoning capacity within the prevailing circumstances then here in Africa all systems are down in America systems are up someone can wake up and become rich from something as small as you know people liking something very funny we put something up people like it and you are up because the marketing strategy is there people have access to information you know that systems present for someone to make it already but here in Africa we are still in manual analog everything there is fast it is modern you don't think that is the reason why so many Africans cannot break through that system but for us to make it as a continent it shouldn't be limited to to just individuals like we say it but reasoning must be evident within all our structures and systems including our governments if you have a chance to change one thing in Africa what will it be our reasoning capacity the reasoning capacity of Africans and you see reasoning is simple simply being open-minded is an element of reason open-minded the ability to take in information when someone is talking to that ability to take in information and analyze it before you cannot that is an element of reason believing in yourself that is an element of reason being patient yet consistent with what you want that is an element of reason never giving up once you fall that is an element of reason taking personal responsibility and you say you see I owe myself the responsibility to make myself better and decide where I live that is an element of reason you you don't wait for anyone to come and carry you forward you you don't blame government for your failures you don't blame your parents for failures you simply adjust to the fact that look if I have anyone in the world I have me then I would write better my life you know that alone is an element of reason so success or failure I am mere refliction of our reasoning capacity so if we could attack the African mind towards reason I think that's the best thing that can ever be that can ever come in Africa funding a project is very difficult I interviewed a one successful man in Ghana and then he told me that he actually got the money from his friends how I meet mamuna I'll tell you this story because I was on the street for some time yeah it toughened me up right so just imagine you being on the street for some time with guys yo yo yo yo and then getting a format employment that's easier because I have friends now yeah so in the morning oh Charlie you brought you brought a kengke I'll come and eat so when I when I joined the Valko we met Shusu Shusu and I think Shusu that you made you take all the money this month is for you all hundred percent right the next month is for this person and this month so I was the last person to take it so I think about a seventh month I took also the money that's how I get the money to be trading that that is the story and that's the money that I had to today hasn't left me and that that I had money from a little from anybody that's Shusu money that I had you know that's how I've natured it from from that time to this time that money has never left my hand what was the first money that you received for your first business the first capital to start your first ever business my family background is business so I come from a business family wow so this is from that background that I started working with small substantial capital no too much capital actually too much money is not capital then you can't make it productive capital is that little amount of money you insert in a business we own a probability of losing it or gaining more which I call a risk then it starts matplying the matplier effect is what translates into actual success and progress and prosperity in the long run so a constant engine a constant productivity engine is what makes a person work what can we get this book in Uganda you can get physical copies back to the internet you can get it from amazon amazon both books success and failure based on reason and reality and reason as the world masterpiece for I believe there is nothing above reason and if there is anyone who can successfully challenge me on this please you are most welcome I think reason is above everything when it comes to human progress or failure reason is the governing factor okay in in a language I would say it all starts and ends in the mind you're building a 40 sitar 40 000 capacity stadium yeah in right in the middle of the city of Kampala yeah and when I got there I saw only black engineers and I was amazed because I've never seen anything like that before because anytime you see any big construction going on we tend to see either the Chinese or maybe the white surveying everything no but maybe when you look at the stadium how many Africans have built a stadium like I've done maybe maybe the first one of the few what I've done in its totality as building a stadium it is an illustration to my fellow Ugandans and Africans that look here even for massive projects like this one we can do it ourselves and I've made sure all the people employ all the English and everyone on the stadium is totally absolutely completely Africans so I'm trying to show them the look here we can do it if I've done it you still can you can do it let us put our hands together and make sure we build Africa for it is our obligation as Africans to build Africa if we don't take that on us or responsibility upon us that it is our obligation to build Africa then Africa shall never develop when we talk of investment or investor in Africa it's not enough to for now but that is what we are trying to change right now we are trying to show everyone that look here yes we can develop Africa as Africans this is our identity this is our we are defined by oh we are we are Africans Africa has us and we have Africa so we leave it for who will develop Africa if we don't take the responsibility upon us to build to build and develop Africa we have limited ourselves to mediocre and and and for any big projects you look at in Africa it's either done by the west by the Europeans by the Chinese yet they have the same red blood like we are flowing in our veins we are humans like like them we can actually even do better than them if we address our minds reasoning and for me I have decided to stop talking about it and illustrate maybe talking me to not be convincing enough within perimeters of reason that look it is possible for us to make it that's why I wrote a book success and failure based on reason and reality for reality is what it is as you see it not what you want it to be how many people have you employed currently employ close to 4600 employees directly under me and they are all Ugandans the stadium itself is leaving proof that I have done because you see a stadium is something communal me and my family cannot accommodate and utilize the stadium this is something communal success and failure based on reason and reality surrealistic fact that this one is present it's a realistic fact that it's going to be used by Ugandans and it is a reasonable fact that it is a communal stadium you do charity work yeah kind of charity work do you do depending on the prevailing need and circumstances like there was kovid I came through and gave 500 million to the community to buy drugs for vaccination so it depends on the prevailing circumstances we are going for Ramadan I have already bought a lot of things I'm going to give to different mosques and people communities to undo their facts when you hear the name Africa what comes into your mind Africa is blessed with a lot of natural minerals Africa is blessed with energetic people you know Africa is blessed with everything apart from inability for us to reason on how to exploit and explore the prevailing circumstances and available resources to us towards our progress and prosperity as a continent the only missing factor in Africa's reason otherwise God has blessed us is with everything we need for us to make it it will be unrealistic and and reason for any African to blame that we are not blessed by nature to blame God that we are never blessed by nature for we are fully blessed if we can only reason now to now to explore and exploit the prevailing circumstances and resources we hold at hand towards our prosperity as a continent you made it in Africa but an ordinary African is saying that it's not possible to make it in Africa but that statement from a reasonable perspective is wrong how can you say that it is wrong it is it is impossible to make it in Africa yet the Africans that have made it it is defeated by reason and reality you see that is exactly what I'm fighting inability for Africans to believe in themselves if I can do it you can do it what is the difference between me and you we all have the same time in a day we have maybe we have 24 hours I don't have any different what do I do different from you that has made me prosper and has kept you in a state you are at for me I think it is all about it's all in the mind it all starts and ends in the mind I have a lot of Africans in the diaspora that watches my videos yeah if you have a message to them what would that message be no Africans go abroad looking for better better ways of survival and majo it will tell you they go for everything which is a fact but I can give an opinion on what it is in Africa today maybe majo it have left because of the prevailing circumstances like our week education system that has made them believe you can only make it abroad not in Africa like I told you these are imported and imposed education systems that were never drafted realistically to meet the challenges and prepare the African child with the equipment to attituate analyze and understand the challenges at hand and forge corresponding solutions maybe one of the biggest problems Africa is our education system because you see we are born Africans but it prepares us into modern western slaves if I can put it attituately whereby by the time someone is leaving university all they can think of is go and look for better resources abroad and maybe that's why a majority of people living abroad so if qualified engineers, qualified doctors, qualified nurses are all living Africa how is Africa going to grow maybe we should start believing in ourselves our origin maim I think most of them are also living because the systems in Africa don't really work you are an African are you an African yes so why don't you first believe the fact that you are an African identity is an element of reason understanding your identity is an element of reason saying I'm by the names of a mischigun I'm by such and such a age I am a black man and I'm an African and what can I do to improve my life and the lives of those around me so does running away from a problem solve it now if I'm looking for modernity I should go look for it elsewhere have you solved the problem no actually you've moved to society that you're not you're foreigner in that particular society so and majority in the accounting you're not even a citizen you don't even qualify that is why I decided to do the white house in Uganda let us struggle or strive towards achieving our desires in our motherland instead of struggling and striving so much towards leaving our motherland I know majority live because of different living circumstances I don't want people to get me wrong but from a reasonable point of view that is a personal opinion which may to be a fact or not depending on the reasoning capacitor of the read and the on the reasoning capacitor of the person listening to me but that is my opinion within perimeters of reason self identity is very key and taking personal responsibility is equally key so whose responsibility is it to develop african political one is it for the westerners is it for the europeans or is it for the africans so if old africans are living africa whom are they living africa for me told my fellow africans and the world at large to everyone listening to me my message would be if you get a chance to get old of my two books success and failure based on reason and reality and reason as the odd masterpiece I would advise you to read it for I'm not trying to tell you how much I've achieved but how can we kickstart each other's reasoning capacitor to make sure we make the world we live in and the african continent a better place
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India is walking on the path of self-reliance shown by Srila Prabhupada Ji: PM
|
PM Modi released a special commemorative coin on the occasion of the 125th Birth Anniversary of Srila Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada Ji. The PM said that in the times of slavery, Bhakti kept the spirit of India alive. He said today scholars assess that if there was no social revolution of the Bhakti period, it would have been difficult to imagine the status and form of India.
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] | 2021-09-01T12:17:50 | 2024-04-23T01:11:55 | 117 |
Y2uWP00-I1k
|
विग्यां है किसका लाब पूरी दुन्या कु मिलें आत्मनिरव्बर्ता के भीजीस मंत्र की स्भीलप प्रभुपाद अकसर चर्चा करते से उसे भारत दे बनाया है आरुद दिशान में देश आगे बड़ा है मैं कई भार जब आत्मनिरभर भारत और मेकिन इन्टिया के लक्ष्वों की बात करता हूं तो मैं अपने अदिकारियों को, भिज्निस मैन को, इस को नके हरे क्रष्ना मुमन्त की सबलतका उदान देता हूं हम जब भी किसी तुस्रे देश में जाते हैं और महां जब लोग हरे क्रष्ना बोल कर मिलते हैं तब कितना अपना पन लक्ता है, कितना गवरो भी होगा है कल्पना करिये, यही अपना पन, जब हमे मैं किन इन्टिया प्रडक के लिए मिलेगा तो हमें कैसा लगेगा, इस कोन से सिक्कर, हम लक्षों को भी हासिल कर सकते है
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SCP-1689 Bag of Holding Potatoes | object class safe
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SCP-1689 is a burlap bag of potatoes. In its stable state, SCP-1689 weighs 40-50 kg and contains approximately two hundred (200) common agricultural potatoes (tubers of Solanum tuberosum). SCP-1689 is made of brown, roughly woven jute.
The interior of SCP-1689 is vastly larger than its exterior, and is designated SCP-1689-A. SCP-1689-A is a large extradimensional space of undetermined volume (measured to be at least 10,000m3, but believed to be much greater) completely filled with potatoes. Exploration of SCP-1689-A is largely incomplete, due to the high degree of obstruction; for more information, please see Addendum-2, Exploration Log 1689-I.
When portions of SCP-1689-A are empty, nearby potatoes experience an abnormal form of growth characterized by tumor-like bulges emerging and eventually splitting into fully-sized independent potatoes. The rate of growth is roughly exponential with a doubling period of approximately two hours. This effect also applies to normal potatoes introduced to SCP-1689, as well as similar edible tubers or roots such as yams and sweet potatoes (although none have been found to occur within SCP-1689 naturally).
Addendum 1689-1: SCP-1689 was recovered from Krysovo, a small village of approximately two hundred (200) people in northern Siberia. A Russian official reported on 2 June 201█ that Krysovo had made no outside contact in four decades and had no surrounding farmland. The reports were confiscated and investigated by the Foundation, at which point it was discovered that the village had been using SCP-1689 as its sole food source for well over a century. As a result, the villagers were suffering from extreme calcium and iron deficiencies. No one in the village was able to recall how they had come into possession of SCP-1689, only that it had been there "since before the Reds" and that it was "a gift for working hard." SCP-1689 was subsequently transported to Area ██, its current location.
Addendum 1689-2: Currently, only one fully equipped expedition into SCP-1689-A has taken place. Authorized personnel may view the Mission Log of Captain Cameron Wells: Exploration Log 1689-I.
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] | 2015-03-05T02:52:03 | 2024-02-05T08:02:24 | 899 |
Y2EIvo-qL20
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SCP-1689 Object Class Safe Special Containment Procedures SCP-1689 is currently under restricted access in area ██████, medium-sized artifact storage, compartment ██████, SCP-1689 is to be stored tied shut with its mouth facing upward at all times. Access is limited to level 3 personnel with the exception of sight-cooking staff. Under access to SCP-1689-A requires approval from a level 4 personnel. All expeditions must be documented with a complete manifest of equipment and staff to enter. Enzymatic Compound-13 has been developed to aid in exploration of SCP-1689-A. Proposals to establish a mobile site in SCP-1689-A are currently under review. Description SCP-1689 is a burlap bag of potatoes. In a stable state, SCP-1689 weighs 40-50 kg and contains approximately 200 common agricultural potatoes, tubers of selenium tuberosum. SCP-1689 is made of brown, roughly roving jute. The interior of SCP-1689 is vastly larger than its exterior and is designated SCP-1689-A. SCP-1689-A is a large, extra-dimensional space of undetermined volume, measured to be at least 10,000 meters cubed, but believed to be much greater. Completely filled with potatoes, exploration of SCP-1689-A is largely incomplete due to the high degree of obstruction. For more information, please see Addendum 1, Exploration Log 1689-I. When portions of SCP-1689-A are empty, nearby potatoes experience an abnormal form of growth characterized by tumor-like bulges emerging and eventually splitting into fully sized independent potatoes. The rate of growth is roughly exponential with a doubling speed of approximately 2 hours. This effect also applies to normal potatoes introduced to SCP-1689, as well as similar edible tubers or roots such as yams or sweet potatoes, although none have been found to occur within SCP-1689 naturally. 1689-I SCP-1689 was recovered from Khrusivu, a small village of approximately 200 people in Northern Siberia. A Russian official reported on June 2, 2000 that Khrusivu had made no outside contact in four decades and had no surrounding farmland. The reports were confiscated and investigated by the Foundation, at which point it was discovered that the village had been using SCP-1689 as its sole food source for well over a century. As a result, the villagers were suffering from extreme calcium and iron deficiencies. No one in the village was able to recall how they had come into possession of SCP-1689, only that it had been there since before the Reds, and that it was a gift for working hard. SCP-1689 was subsequently transported to the area ██████, its current location. Addendum 6089-2 Currently, only one fully equipped expedition of SCP-1689-A is taking place. Authorized personnel may view the mission log of Captain Cameron Wells. Exploration log 1689-I Part II of SCP-1689 will be the Exploration Log of Captain Cameron Wells, titled Exploration Log 1689-I Notations and links will be provided once the SCP Exploration Log is completed. Exploratory mission 1689-I was scheduled for August 8, 2013, with an exploration team of four led by Captain Cameron Wells. The team was informed of their upcoming assignment on the 2nd, but more information see Document Mission 1689-I Equipment Manifest. Mission Log, Captain Wells, Day Negative 6 They told me today I was going to be leading Frederick, Carl and Xander into a sack of potatoes. Okay. Apparently, it's bigger on the inside or it's a pocket dimension or it's a portal or something. To somewhere full of potatoes. At this point, nothing surprises me. Oh, and this was supposed to be an official log, so I am supposed to call them Agents Merrill, Ozzles, and Peterson, but no one checks these, so I fucking won. Day Negative 1 They gave us the rest of our gear and got us ready for tomorrow. The plan is to be in there by noon. Labs produce this really cool liquid for us to use, and some kind of acid or enzyme dissolves the potatoes into a starchy paste. It mostly drains away, but then some of it sort of hardens to make a nice tunnel ceiling. It's actually scary how fast it works, and we have to wear skin protection so it won't get on us. With spray nozzles, we can carve our way straight into potatoes. Day Zero It was pleasant to find that it had already cleared out a small room on the other side of SCP-1689, made of plywood. It was certainly weird crawling into a bag and coming out in a totally different room, but again, nothing surprises me. We actually didn't see any potatoes right away. Then we open up the excavation door and yep, wall of potatoes. Potatoes above, in front, and below. We decided to cut a roughly 2x2 meter tunnel straight forward. Compasses don't work here, but there is a very good chance of getting lost because we can always find our way back from the radio signal. Day One Excavating slow work. We can clear out about 30 meters an hour. That sounds glacial, but it's 120 cubic meters of potato, and that's a kilometer in two days if we make good effort. And it isn't that hard. Two of us spray and two of us shovel away the goop. Every hundred meters of cell we put up some support beams. Whoever invented this inside is a genius. Day Two God, I hate the odor of this stuff. I actually like the smell of potatoes, but because of the enzyme, this place smells like vomit. I'm sick of it already. Fuck. Day Five We accidentally spilled some enzyme on the ground today, and it turned out we were only like a meter off this concrete floor. Commands really surprised. This is the first thing other than potatoes they've found. Cool. We decided to start going on the floor. It's not too inconvenient, and it's nice to have a solid footing. Day Eight Did you know that the word spud comes from digging with a spade to make the hole you plant them in? Carlin did, and she made sure we all did too, and then she repeated the word spud to herself all day while we were excavating. Sigh. Day Nine This is hardly even agent work. Why don't they have D-Class doing this? Day Eleven Tomorrow we're on our own. It's becoming too inefficient to reach supplies every few days, so commands providing us with two months of MREs and tanks of more than enough enzyme to last that long. If we haven't found anything after that they say then the mission will be abandoned. Obviously, we'll still have radio contact. Day Twelve It's nice being alone with the team. At night it's almost like camping. Yeah, camping in a weird cavern made of spuds. Day Sixteen Out of the blue something interesting happened. We found a wall today. It's made of the same material as the floor, the base floor, not the starch stuff. Concrete. Conditions at an angle twenty degrees to our tunnels perpendicular. Command told us to follow it, as it is not like there's anything else interesting going on. Day Nineteen So, concrete floor and concrete walls. Today Frederick got thinking, and sure enough concrete ceiling. This whole time it's been made about three meters above us. Which means that the whole time we've been inside of a building, a huge building. If we can map it out we can probably find the exit and discover where in the world this potato hell is. Day Twenty-Eight Dandere said it's patato. What the fuck? How have I not heard him say until now? It's been four weeks surrounded by potato he hasn't said that word till now. He's the first person I've met who actually says it like that. Day Thirty-Six It's been longer since we started following the wall than from the wall to the start. Dandere thinks it isn't going anywhere, but Frederick wanted to press on. Command deferred to me and well, I don't want the last month to have been pointless. We'll go for another three kilometers at least. Day Thirty-Eight Today we decided to blow a fucking hole in the wall. Carlin had charges in her pack, God knows why, so why not? The wall isn't going anywhere. We all stood clear and blasted. It took a long time to clear all the mashed potatoes away, but we sure enough created a three meter hole. Guess what was on the other side? Potatoes Day Thirty-Nine We started excavating through the hole we made. It turns out it actually is different, outside. It definitely is outside. The ground is dirt and extremely dead grass. That means this thing isn't anywhere on earth. I guess the building was some kind of gigantic warehouse. We've been hearing these sort of faint rumbles ever since we blew the charges. Dandere's starting to go wily about it, but as far as we can tell, nothing's happened. Day Forty-Three How high up do these potatoes go? If we're outside, then there's no vertical clearance, so does it go all the way up into the atmosphere? Is this whole universe filled with potatoes? It's so weird thinking we're outside. It doesn't feel any different from being inside the building. It's like we're underground. Well, I guess we are. It's just the ground is made of potatoes. Day Forty-Four We found an actual tree, a dead one, surrounded by potatoes, but a tree rooted in the ground nonetheless. We had to be careful about it because the enzyme chews it up, but we managed to fully uncover it. Its branches were sort of weird, splitting at these perfect thirty degree angles, but overall looked pretty normal. The lab had me collect a bark sample. It totally made the outside fact real. What is this place? Day Forty-Eight Xander was worried about the rumble we've been hearing, so he turned back to look. Turns out about a hundred meters of returnals came in. Command didn't know either. They said they'd start digging out from the other side, and that it was my choice about wanting to keep excavating. Frederick and Carlin wanted to continue, so continued we do, listening to Xander to complain. I didn't sign up for this shit. Yeah, no shit. The Foundation didn't exactly know you were going into the realm of taters when they recruited you. It's not the kind of thing they put into fine print, just in case. Day Fifty-One We keep finding more weird shit. Frederick uncovered his twisted bicycle, and got super psyched about it. I knew there had to be humans here before because of the building, but it didn't really occur to me until I saw the bicycle. Jesus. Day Fifty-Five Fuck, I'm an awful captain. That was another big rumble today, a huge cave in. We nearly got crushed, but somehow we all managed to take safe refuge under the tree branches. This time we lost contact with Command. We can still detect some faint radio transmissions, but it's too static-y for correspondence. Obviously, I made the call to turn back, but we have no idea how bad it is. It could take weeks to get out. Fuck, I should've turned back. Day Sixty-Two Frederick told us today we should've brought an Irishman. I told him he was an asshole. He was chuckling about it all day long. What an absolute prick. Day Sixty-Five We ran out of food rations today. Xander freaked out and started saying we were going to starve until I told him he was a fucking idiot. Day Sixty-Seven We should've brought a goddamn spice kit. Carl and I actually had cooking equipment in our pack, god knows why, so we can prepare the potatoes in a couple different ways. But it's still potatoes. My taste buds are starting to shut down. This is going to take forever. Day Sixty-Eight It's too hard to clear out the original tunnel we made. It'd be quicker just to cut straight to the bag anyways. Tomorrow I'll tell my team to just start carving a new tunnel. Day Sixty-Nine Fuck. We ran out of enzyme today. Sure, I noticed it was applied to windowing, but it doesn't really work to ration it, so we just kept using it like normal when now we're out. Okay, so the good news is that we're inside the building when it happened. That means we can shovel our way out, as there is a ceiling. It's 5 meters from top to bottom, and I can imagine we could make a tunnel any narrow than a meter and a half. That's going to be slow, but we should get there. The real digging problem is space. Where are we going to dump the potatoes? The best we can do is about 5 meters behind us, so we have a little bubble of space that we can sort of move through the building. This is going to take a long time. This is going to take a long time, but I'm honestly not sure what we'll run out of first. Food is covered, and they've actually got enough water in them. The oxygen is starting to get stale, though. I don't know how much is able to fit in the cracks between the potatoes. I don't even know what to do from around. I've told everyone that Command is probably digging from the other side that's going to find us, but they're all depressed. This was supposed to be a 65-day mission, Max. Frederick made a joke about the word Tuber. I don't remember exactly what. It was stupid, anyways. Day 70. Maybe it's because we're just melting them, but there's something none of us notice before. The potatoes are real ugly-looking. They got these bulges that sort of wiggle and grow slowly. Absolutely disgusting, and they're our only meal. Day 71. I hate to smell potatoes. I'd have the vomit back just for the smell. Fuck. Day 72. It's fucking smaller. Our bubble of space is smaller, and it's because of more fucking potatoes. Our area wasn't precisely dimensioned or anything, but Carlin was the first to mention it when we woke up, and then suddenly it's obvious to everyone, the whole area has shrunk a good 10 cubic meters. What the fuck? Day 73. I was paying attention today. Those ugly bulges, they actually get big fast, and when they get to be the size of a potato, they split off. That's where all the potatoes are coming from. Our area got even smaller today. Day 74. We're running out of space and time. There's barely enough room to work anymore. We're knocking elbows and shoulders while we shovel. Fucking taters, fucking spuds, fucking yams, fucking tubers, fucking roots. I swear they'll kill me while I'm sleeping and I'll have a potato fucking stuffed down my throat. Day 75. All day long Xander's whining, shut the fuck up. I hate the dark too. We all hate the dark and the yellow lamps with the brown potatoes and the tasteless food. We all hate it, okay? It's not like I can yell at the team. I keep them all going. I'm the captain. Captain Wells, potato commander. I keep it together and vented all of these fucking logs. Day 76. I can't breathe. I can't fucking breathe. There's no room to shovel. Fuck, fuck, fuck. Day 78. I feel like I'm breathing inside someone else's lungs, who's already exhaled or nothing but carbon dioxide. No one can even speak while we're working. We're dead within the week. Death by potatoes. Concluding statement. On November 3, 2000- ██████ Mission, Captain Wells and Agent Ozzels, Meryl, and Peterson connected with the secondary excavation team. Although they were suffering from oxygen deficiency and an deteriorated mental state, all team members fully recovered within three weeks. Captain Wells declined to write a post-mission summary.
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ଆଦାନୀ ଗ୍ରୀନ ଏନର୍ଜିର ୧୮୦ ମେଗାୱାଟ୍ ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ସୋଲାରପାୱାର ପ୍ଲାଣ୍ଟ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ଷମ || Adani Group
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ରାଜସ୍ଥାନରେ ଆଦାନୀ ଗ୍ରୀନ ଏନର୍ଜି ଲିମିଟେଡର ୧୮୦ ମେଗାୱାଟ୍ ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ସୋଲାରପାୱାର ପ୍ଲାଣ୍ଟ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ଷମ । ଜୈସଲମର ଦେବୀକୋଟରେ ଥିବା ଏହି ପାୱାର ପ୍ଲାଣ୍ଟ ୨୫ ବର୍ଷ ଲାଗି ସୋଲାର ଏନର୍ଜି କର୍ପୋରେସନ ଅଫ ଇଣ୍ଡିଆ ସହ ଚୁକ୍ତି କରିଛି।
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] | 2024-03-27T17:27:49 | 2024-04-23T23:21:23 | 124 |
Y2n3md04U3U
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డార్విల్టివిన ఆగారండ్విటినికిన౿ నావపర నీవిడినింికెరండ్కారంకారంన్ములికిసే ఆండినిండిండినిని. నిరండినినికి. అనౘంకి. ర్ల
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Dipan Karumsi, KPMG | Coupa Insp!re19
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Dipan Karumsi, Procurement Advisory Practice Leader, KPMG talks with Lisa Martin at Coupa Inspire 2019 in Las Vegas NV
#theCUBE #CoupaInspire #KPMG @siliconangle
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"SiliconANGLE Media Inc",
"SiliconANGLE",
"SiliconANGLE Inc",
"theCUBE",
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"KPMG",
"Coupa Insp!re19",
"Lisa Martin",
"#theCUBE",
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"#womenintech"
] | 2019-06-25T21:01:56 | 2024-02-05T08:42:58 | 769 |
Y2QvMe1HYks
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From the Cosmopolitan Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada, it's theCUBE, covering Coupa Inspire 2019. Brought to you by Coupa. Hey, welcome to theCUBE. Lisa Martin on the ground at the Cosmopolitan in Las Vegas for Coupa Inspire 19. This is a really exciting two-day event. We're going to be here covering, talking all about spending smarter. Very pleased to welcome to theCUBE at the first time from KPMG, Deepin Karamsi, procurement advisory practice leader. Deepin, welcome to theCUBE. Thank you very much, glad to be here, appreciate it. So this is an interesting event. Coupa, in the last few years since becoming a public company, is really, seems to be on this rocket ship, the momentum that CEO Rob Bernstein talked about this morning. There's now $1.2 trillion of spend transactions going through the Coupa platform across companies in every industry from manufacturing to healthcare to retail. Loads of opportunity for businesses of any type to really get that control and visibility on spend. Talk to us about what KPMG is doing with Coupa. You're both a titanium sponsor here at Inspire 19, as well as a partner, but give us a little bit of overview of your partnership with Coupa. Absolutely. So we've actually been coming to the conference for seven years now. I think since the very beginning and been a top level sponsor since the very beginning, so it's been a fantastic relationship where we've helped a number of the customers that they talked about today. A lot of those customers were ours and we've had the opportunity to kind of get them live on the platform and see success by bringing spend through the platform and getting the visibility of those transactions. So we're fortunate enough, we have 100 plus clients globally that we've been able to bring live on the Coupa platform across 90 plus countries. And so we're really excited to be here. So some of the things I was reading about Coupa is that a lot of times in the beginning, the last 10 years or so, companies came to them looking for help with procurement or invoices. Now they're able to help companies get that visibility over all spend across procurement, invoices, expenses, travel management, payments. Talk to us about how you help some of those joint customers to really go from that siloed approach. All right, we've got a few things under control. To getting that visibility because there is a tremendous amount of business impact that can come from getting that visibility into where all of your spend is coming from and where it's going. That's right. So I think in the beginning days, as you kind of mentioned, it was important to get the majority of the spend on the platform. So you looked at your indirect spend categories that are most commonly purchased, you get them onto the platform, you start analyzing that more effective sourcing, drive value out of those categories. And as you look at the different categories that companies are spending in, they're evolving, more services spend might be different categories in marketing, digital media, et cetera. And so as Coupa has expanded, they focused on some of the other categories and how to bring them in. So they bought companies that focus on contingent labor and those types of things. And so you start bringing all that spend together and all of a sudden you have a very nice pool of data from which you can analyze from which you can make better decisions from. So it's going to be a constant kind of proliferation of the tool and it's going to get broader. And I think that's fantastic because organizations can see exactly what they're doing in a lot of different areas. Wouldn't it be nice if we all had that visibility in our personal lives as well? Well, speaking of your relationship, you mentioned this is your seventh year sponsoring Inspire. Let's talk about how the role of procurement is changing and the role of finance, going from more tactical to much more strategic, thinking about some of the disruptors like consumerization. We're all consumers and we have this, we all have Amazon on our phone right and we have this expectation that in our personal lives we can get anything at any time with a click of a button. And now when consumers are business buyers, we want the same thing. Talk to us about what you have seen at KPMG as that procurement role has changed and what makes your implementation with Coupa unique. Yeah, and that's exactly right. You put it exactly right there. Consumers or your employees, internal reorganizations are looking to buy in the way that they buy at home. They're looking to have visibility into when the shipment is, the products are going to arrive, they want to provide ratings as to what they thought of those products, they want to be able to have visibility into what they spent. And in fact, where it's going is they want to be alerted when they should be buying something else. I mean, a lot of the spend can actually be predicted as to what's going to be happening. And so think about an application that's going to alert you. It's probably about time that you need toner for this printer or it's probably about time that you need XYZ to come in and do this service for you. And so moving to that as you analyze the spend that's going to the platform is exactly what's happening. And I think it makes lives of employees better, easier, and it makes it a little bit more effective to kind of get spend through the application as well. When you're talking with customers, whether it's been a man or a woman who's been a CPO for a long time, where are they in terms of being receptive to having these predictive technologies? Is that a big cultural mind shift within whether it's a large manufacturing company or a smaller healthcare insurance carrier? It is. I mean, the reality of it is with the data to be predictive, there's a lot of things that have to be evaluated in the back. So you have to have clean supplier data, clean spend data. You have different applications that are integrating and you need end to end visibility in order to have a data set that's long enough and accurate enough to be able to predict from. So it's one thing to say, okay, we're going to go predictive, but it's another thing to be able to have the data to be able to accurately predict. So I think procurement organizations kind of back to your other question of where are they going? You know, historically procurement hasn't been one of the areas that CFOs are the first ones to jump into. And I think what organizations are realizing and what the C-suite is realizing is this is the one place in the organization where we can see most of our third party spend. And so procurement has to quickly grasp, okay, how can I get handle on that information to be able to make better decisions and so show value to the organization? So that's how procurement's getting into the game. I think that's how they're going to show their value by making that data set accurate and that will lead them to kind of that predictive aspect of this. So what are those, what's the conversation like in terms of, all right, there's many, many sources of data where we all know you hear all the time, data is the new oil, data is gold. It is, if you have the ability to, like you said, make sure it's clean, but also be able to extract valuable insights from it faster than your competition. So from an infrastructure perspective, where does KPMG start with implementations with Koopa? Are you first doing assessments with customers to understand all of the different data sources, how best to bring them together so that the power of AI can actually be applied to this massive pool of oil? That's right. So we start by kind of looking at the target operating model. What is it that the span of control for procurement is going to be? What is it that they want to do? What is it that they have ownership over? Then we identify kind of what are the technologies that are in place to house some of that information to help you make better decisions and to ultimately serve your end customers. And as we identify that architecture of what's going to be needed in the future, that's when we start getting into how we create and develop that oil infrastructure. And so as we look at the gaps in the infrastructure, an application like Koopa can plug in with the appropriate procure-to-pay process, with the contracting process, with sourcing, spend analytics, whatever that may be. And it helps to plug the different gaps that allow you to kind of get all that data in the one place. Allowing customers who, as Koopa says, spend smarter. I wanted to get your opinion on this BSM category that they are working to develop and lead. Business spend management. You guys recently, KPMG did a study on the future of procurement. Tell us a little bit about some of the interesting insights that came from that study and where you think business spend management is really going to be applicable and a big driver of business value. Yeah, so that's great. And I think business spend management continues to expand. I mean, what Koopa's been doing every year, you've been to these conferences, it's continuing to expand their portfolio and the modules that they have in order to kind of attack business spend management. And it's an important factor. A lot of spend happens through procurement and they need to have the application infrastructure to manage that. In the future of procurement, we talk a little bit about supplier centricity and customer centricity. So how is it that you're being able to work more effectively with your supplier, share information? Can they actually log into the portal and see what the ratings are on the products that people are buying from them? I mean, that's where we're kind of moving to. Customer centricity, giving them that Amazon-like experience so that they can go in on mobile and go in on any which way they want to, buy the things that they want, or be prompted to buy the things that they want. How are you innovating in categories? How are you using external data insights? You know, the days of having that 20-year category manager who knows one category sitting in one place, it's just not possible anymore. There's so much data and information out there. You have to be able to leverage all of the external insights. And then of course using the digital platform to bring everything together. And that's where kind of Coupa plays and the other e-procurement solutions are bringing all those insights together, allowing the foundation to be set so that you can execute on the processes that have to happen within it. We talk a lot about customer focus, customer centricity, Rob Bernstein talked about it this morning. To get a little bit more into what you talked about with KPMG in terms of supplier centricity and some of the value that all of these suppliers are getting, how is KPMG helping some of these suppliers to really dial up their business, get better insights, and really make a bigger impact with what they're delivering? Yeah, I mean it's really about visibility into the transactions that are happening and how their clients are using their products or services. So the more you can analyze around spend patterns about the products that are being purchased, not purchased, the rigor of the catalog environment that's being created for your clients, the more they can analyze around that that allows them to be a little bit more focused in the way that they're dealing with their customers. And so we talk a lot about creating a very content rich environment. I mean if you went to Amazon today and you didn't see a picture, you didn't see ratings, you didn't see a description, would you purchase something? No. And that's what's happening inside organizations. Gone are the days where you have one line item that says this is it and you don't know what you're buying. And so creating this content rich environment which is allowing and requiring suppliers to get into the environment, to create their robust catalogs is really important. And so suppliers are gonna be a big part of what they're doing in the future to create this kind of appropriate spend management platform where the catalogs are set. I'm really getting on board to harness the power of that data to your point. We have, the consumerization effect is so strong. We have this expectation that we can get anything. And one of the things that Kuba was talking about this morning in the general session was not only the data that they are now harnessing the power of for their customers, for their suppliers, but also let's allow companies to go through the Kuba platform and search through software and products and deploy and manage and pay everything through that, bringing that consumerization approach to businesses in any industry. That's right. That's exactly right. And so having it in one place makes it a little bit simpler. The visibility is there. I think the other thing that we can see a lot of is just self-service. You walk into an airport, you do your own boarding pass, you come out of a parking garage, you pay for your parking and you leave. There's no people involved. And frankly, consumers like that. So being able to create an environment when you can do self-service and things are being pushed to you to make decisions from versus having to go out and do a tremendous amount of research to make decisions is going to be a huge factor. I mean, even in the area of supplier risk management, having bots and things that are mining social media in different areas for what's happening with your suppliers so that you can be alerted to an event prior to making a large contractual obligation with them. Those are the types of things that we haven't seen in the past, which I think we're going to get into now. It's so exciting, Deepen. I wish we had more time to get into it, but thank you so much for stopping by the Cube and sharing what you guys at KPMG are doing to help customers really extract a tremendous amount of value and spend smarter. We appreciate your time. Thank you very much for having me. Appreciate it. For Deepen Kermsey, I'm Lisa Martin. You're watching the Cube from Koopa Inspire 19. Thanks for watching.
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Engineering Engines (Science Out Loud S1 Ep 6)
|
Ever wondered what horsepower really means, and what horses have to do with other modes of transportation? Luke and Abhi take us behind how engines work in machines all around us, including the surprising ways that they're all related!
----------
Awesome MIT videos on planes, aerospace engineering, MIT course materials, educator resources, and Luke and Abhi's bios can be found here: http://k12videos.mit.edu/engineering-engines
----------
Find us online!
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/MITK12
Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/MITK12Videos
http://k12videos.mit.edu
----------
made with love at MIT
Creative Commons: CC BY-NC-SA, MIT
http://k12videos.mit.edu/terms-conditions
Hosted by: Luke Jensen & Abhi Butchibabu
Written by: Luke Jensen & Abhi Butchibabu
Additional scripting: Elizabeth Choe, George Zaidan, Tyler DeWitt
Executive producer: Elizabeth Choe
Director: George Zaidan
Editors: Jessica Harrop, Per Hoel
Production assistants: Conor Olmstead, Dan Martin
Engine photo: Pratt & Whitney R4360-CB23 (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1955_Pratt_%26_Whitney_R-4360-CB2_Wasp_Major_HAM.JPG)
Stock car footage: Automotive Service 1940 (https://archive.org/details/Automoti1940)
Music: "RetroFuture Clean" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
"RetroFuture Dirty" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
"Broken Reality" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Special thanks: Carol and David Stone at Liberty Tree Farm (http://www.libertytreefarm.com), Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics at MIT, North Shore Aero Club, John Essigman and Simmons Hall
|
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] | 2014-06-30T13:45:09 | 2024-02-13T19:03:16 | 213 |
y2vzH1MjRqQ
|
Hundreds of years ago, James Watt decided that my friend Helga could lift 550 pounds, a foot in the air, in one second. And that's the definition of a horsepower. This lawnmower has 6 horsepower. This car has 130 horsepower. And this jet has 85,000 horsepower. All of these engines produce power by forcing a mixture of fuel and air into a tight space and then burning it. But they do it in different ways. A car uses a piston engine. This is a piston engine that's been cut into a half so you can look into it. A mixture of fuel and air enters through these valves into this metal cylinder. It's compressed when the piston pushes up onto it. And then this mixture is burned through a spark plug, causing the mixture to expand and the piston comes back down. And this happens over and over again. There are multiple pistons in a car, and they're connected through a series of linkages to the wheel causing them to turn. Here is the piston engine just like in the car. But instead of it being attached to the wheels, it's attached to the propeller. A small plane like this, Cessna, actually weighs about the same as most cars. And so it needs about the same amount of horsepower to roll down the runway and get off the ground. But a Boeing 777 with all its passengers, cargo and fuel is about 200 times the weight of the Cessna, so it needs a lot more horsepower. You could provide that horsepower by using a ton of pistons, but you'd need 67 of the most powerful piston engines ever built to fly a 777 at cruising speed. That won't work. What you really need is one engine that can produce enough horsepower to fly the plane. A turbine engine is capable of much more horsepower than a piston engine because of the way it uses giant fans to compress the air. At the front of the turbine engine is an intake fan, which spins and brings a huge amount of air into the front of the engine. As we move backwards through the engine, a series of compressor blades makes that air more and more compressed until we get here and here fuel is introduced and burned and that hot high pressure flow gets sent out the back of the engine and that makes the thrust of the engine. But at the same time that flow passes through a series of four or five turbine blades and those blades are connected directly to a shaft at the middle of the engine. That shaft runs all the way back to the front and spins the intake fan. That's what keeps the engine running. We've gone from one horsepower to 290,000 horsepower. So Helga, I guess we don't need you anymore. Run free. Join your herd. That's Brandon. He's domesticated.
|
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Credential Format Comparison SIG - Torsten Lodderstedt - Technical Advisor, OpenWallet Foundation
|
Credential Format Comparison SIG
Torsten Lodderstedt - Technical Advisor, OpenWallet Foundation
| null | 2023-10-04T21:40:48 | 2024-02-05T08:13:43 | 545 |
y2CQcutAq3s
|
I would like to give you an overview on two other initiatives that we are conducting at OpenWallet Foundation. The first one is the Credential Profile Comparison Special Interest Group. So we have two mechanisms at OWF to have long-standing or short-term activities to investigate in certain topics and the Credential Profile Comparison Special Interest Group as the name suggests tries to compare different Credential Profiles, which what does that mean? Out there in the wild are a lot of different ways you can represent Credentials. We have heard about those in the presentation. The wallet worker uses Anon Crads. The Ping uses Jots and SDJots, Mossip favors JSON-LD. We have heard about MDoc in the presentation of David and so on, but there is much more than that. This activity goes back to I can't remember exactly which IOW, but it's about two years ago and I called a session for those of you that are not familiar with IOWs and unconference so anyone can call a session. And I ask one single question, what's the best Credential format? We ended up in a room packed with, I don't know, 20, 30 people and anyone wanted to sell his or her Credential format to me. It was amazing, really amazing. And that turned into a huge Google Sheet with the different formats and all that stuff and then we proposed or brought that activity to the OWF because we believe that OWF is the best home for it as it is technology-agnostic. Let me put it that way, right? Anyone can bring any project implementing any kind of technology to OWF and we believe that the Grantial Profile Comparison Special Interest Group will help implementers to figure out what's the best solution, what's the best fit for their problem. The problem is that for different use cases and different requirements there might be a different solution and the different capabilities of the different Credential profiles previously were intransparent so it was impossible to really compare them. And that's why we are trying to do in the Special Interest Group, it's led by Mirko Mollek and I've got a pleasure to support him as a co-chair in that group. And what we realized is that in the end that space is a multi-dimensional space. So we've got representations like Seabor, Jason, whatsoever. We've got different signature algorithms. Sometimes there is a relationship. For example, for enocrats there's only CL signatures. For JOTS you can use nearly any kind of signature that is available, even HMAX. And Credentials have a life cycle, typically. So you need a way to manage that life cycle which is called the revocation. And a Credential has key material, key material for the issuer because you want to know whether the Credential is authentic and in most situations if it is about a natural person you also want to make sure that only the legitimate holder can present the Credential which is typically done using key binding. And David spoke about that, that for example those keys should go in a hardware module so you can't expert trade them. And on top of that there is trust management. Meaning if you're able to authenticate a certain Credential how do you determine as a verifier for example whether you can trust that issuer for that kind of Credential. So a lot of different things and you see in the right hand side how many options we have collected so far and if you combine all of them it's three million combinations. So yeah, it's an emerging space. What we did is we put all this in a matrix that people can use as a tool. And I'm going to show you the matrix in a second. So you can take a look on what existing profiles are there. For example ISO 18 or 13-5 for example or the endocrates profile is being used by Hyperledger and you can see what the capabilities and the properties of those are and can combine them. And what we for example figured out in one of the research projects we do in Germany it's called ID Union. We were looking for a successor of the endocrates that we had used before. We were looking specifically for a Credential format that is privacy preserving but also has hardware backed security. And using this matrix we were able to figure out that there are two capabilities that today exclude each other which is unlinkability, CKB and hardware backed security. And that made the selection process much easier, right? So that's why for example we don't use GSNLD and BBS and also not Adencret because they are not hardware backed. But we went with SDJOT for example in that case. But MDOC would also be happy in a solution. Yeah I think I just show it to you, just give me a second. So that's actually the matrix, I think I already filtered. So you can see there are, we have a couple of different pre-existing configurations how people use stuff, so for example ISO MDL uses MDOC, ECDSA as a signing algorithm. It does not use a revocation mechanism per day per se but medium term exploration. The public key of the issuer is maintained in an X549 certificate and the holder key is managed as a Corsay key. And there is a special kind of list that lists all the authorities that can issue MDOCs. If you scroll to the right hand side you can see for example information about who has implemented this particular profile, what technology is based on and the security can be found. Here's all the unlinkability support. I'm looking for the hardware backing. Ah yeah, the hardware support. So you see ISO for example is able to support hardware security, right? And if you don't find your particular profile, you can use the configurator and pick and choose your credential format and your revocation mechanism and so on. It's all nicely being shown then. And what's underlaying that is the different dimensions. As I said, we have a couple of different credential formats as far as I remember, 17 of them where you can see all the different details where's the specification being hosted, what's the kind of process, what's the IPR related to it and so on and so on and so on. You also can see there are a lot of question marks and that's the ask we have for the community. We need contributors that help us to really keep the information up to date because that stuff is evolving at light speed, right? So what you have collected now is really outdated in two weeks from now because the competition is hard between those different standards which fosters innovation. I absolutely like that and the transparency that we have with the metrics even more fosters this kind of innovation. Okay, we are working on extending the data set, making sure we are up to date with the data that we have in the metrics and in the end what we want to do is we want to provide a tool to the community, to implementers of all kind so they can meet a decision really on a rational basis and not just on feeling, right? And that worked well so far for those that used it. Any questions on that? Okay.
|
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NJIT Lecture 20 Course Conclusion
| null | 2017-08-22T02:22:04 | 2024-02-05T06:07:51 | 454 |
Y2dn6Di0As8
|
Today, in world literature, we conclude our course of study. We have looked at authors from Europe, Asia, and Africa, and we have studied the cultures in which these authors wrote. What do we take away from such a course? I want to leave you with four thoughts. They are for you to accept or reject, but they deserve, in any case, your attention. First, we must always understand the context in which literature emerges. Let's be both specific and direct. White civilization, from Spanish Inquisition to Nazi Holocaust, has perpetrated horrors that are neither imaginable with or without God. Unfortunately, these horrors also include assumptions of cultural inferiority. Here, for example, is Macaulay's famous Minute of 1835 on Indian Education. I have no knowledge of either Sanskrit or Arabic, but I have done what I could to form a correct estimate of their value. I have read translations of the most celebrated Arabic and Sanskrit works. I have conversed both here at home with men distinguished by the proficiency in the eastern tongues. I am quite ready to take the Oriental learning at the value of the Orientalists themselves. I have never found one among them who could deny a single shelf of good European library was worth the whole native literature of India and Arabia. The intrinsic superiority of Western literature is indeed fully admitted by those members of the committee who support the Oriental plan of education. It is, I believe, no exaggeration to say that all the historical information which has been collected in the Sanskrit language is less valuable than what may be found in the paltry of bridgements used at preparatory schools in England. In every branch of physical or moral philosophy, the relative position of the two nations is nearly the same. Would that this had never been written? Would its consequences not have been put into place? The errors of the past can never be, indeed must never be forgotten lest they occur again. This sense of context is important in that we who live in the West must charge ourselves again and again with attempting to understand the cultures and literature of others. If we do not, we fall into cultural constructs such as those Edward Said described in his books such as Orientalism, The World and the Text, the Critic and Culture and Imperialism. We need to mediate between Western and non-Western, as Said suggests, and we cannot do this without rejecting the notion of us and them. We must be responsible for creating within ourselves an awareness of those cultures different than our own. Second, we must attempt to think in specifics. As any thoughtful reader will notice, the material covered in this course is only a fraction of the story. While it is true that the entire history of any culture is unknowable, it is also possible to know much more than we do know. Unless we're careful, however, we'll begin to speak and write in generalities that will be meaningless. That is, why so often in the course we have suggested that you look carefully at one particular story in palm and related to another work. You'll recall, for example, our suggestion that you look in both Muhammad, Dib and Albert Camus for treatments of the Algerian War. Such connections must and should be made in the study of world literature. Third, we must be committed to writing about literature. Writing restructures consciousness, Walter Ahn has told us, and he is correct. As we write, we rethink our assumptions, recast our views. The more careful we write, the more careful, the more circumspect we become. It is important to share your writing. While we close the door to put our thoughts down, we must open it again to communicate those thoughts to others. The best discussions of literature have never occurred in a vacuum, and so it is important for you to communicate your thoughts about what you are reading. And as a note, it's my hope that some of these authors will compel you to write fiction and poetry and plays. Literature need not be a high thing, it must only be a human one. What a wonderful thing it would be to have students movement in literature in which there was a sharp break away from the kind of literary production most sanctioned by the university, the term paper. What a splendid thing it would be to have students forming communities of writers and establishing community publishing ventures using both traditional print and electronic media. How wonderful it would be if students were charged with energy about expressing their own voices. Fourth, we must try to transfer what we have learned outside the classroom. In my business, this is referred to as lifelong learning, and it is difficult to achieve because students take college life one course at a time. How to get around this dilemma? Read and read and read, and don't stop exploring and enjoying the pleasures of the text. Read widely and wildly and passionately. It is just possible that your own individual liberation may occur within the pages of a book. Read authors from Africa and Asia and Europe and North American, Latin American and Australia. Read broadly and well and forget to ask what is real literature and what is entertainment. Such pie as verities will get you nowhere. Say to yourself, this month I'm going to read another novel by Achebe or another play by August Wolster or other book of poems by Pablo Neruda. Expand and include. In conclusion, it's been my great pleasure to present this series with my colleagues in the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences at New Jersey Institute of Technology. During the year that it is taken to prepare, present, and edit this two-course series, my colleagues and I have often remarked that indeed presentations aimed at bringing students into the world of literature is why we all major in literary studies in the first place. Our own sense of community has grown. It's grown greater. It's grown stronger. And so it is that we remind ourselves of the pleasures of the study of literature.
|
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Fortunata y Jacinta: dos historias de casadas (Tercera Parte) | Benito Pérez Galdós | 1/6
|
https://gobalex.info/The-Art-Thief-Kindle-Edition https://bit.ly/AIFN https://bit.ly/m/LSUNIQADENTAL https://bit.ly/ABOOK Audiobooks have many benefits for listeners and audiobook lovers. Here are some of them:
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3. Helps to Improve Language Skills.
4. Reduces Anxiety and Stress.
5. It Makes the Story Memorable.
6. Help To Build Your Attention and Focus.
7. Prepares You for a Good Night’s Sleep.
8. Audiobooks Can Help You Consume More Books.
9. Introduce students to books above their reading level.
10. Model good interpretive reading.
11. Teach critical listening.
12. Highlight the humor in audiobooks.
13. Introduce new genres that students might not otherwise consider.
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"Fortunata y Jacinta: dos historias de casadas (Tercera Parte)",
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"Lydbog",
"Äänikirja",
"Sonlibro",
"hangoskönyv",
"Аудіокнига",
"persuasion audiobook"
] | 2020-05-15T05:46:23 | 2024-04-23T22:46:01 | 6,833 |
y28-hPPsbAw
|
Capítulo 1 de Fortunata y Jacinta. Dos historias de casadas. Tercera parte. Esta es una grabación de LibriVox. Todas las grabaciones de LibriVox están en el dominio público. Para más información o para ser voluntario, por favor visite LibriVox.org. Fortunata y Jacinta. Dos historias de casadas. Tercera parte. De Benito Pérez Galdós. Sección 1. Capítulo 1. Costumbres turcas. Parte A. Juan Pablo Rubín no podía vivir sin pasarse la mitad de las horas del día o casi todas ellas en el café. Amoldadas su naturaleza a este género de vida, habría se tenido por infeliz si el trabajo o las ocupaciones le obligaran a vivir de otro modo. Era un asesino implacable y reincidente del tiempo, y el único goce de su alma consistía en ver cómo expiraban las horas dando bokeadas y cómo iban cayendo los periodos de fastidio para no volver a levantarse más. Iba al café al mediodía, después de almorzar, y se estaba hasta las 4 o las 5. Volvía después de comer, sobre las 8, y no se retiraba hasta más de medianoche o hasta la madrugada, según los casos. Como sus amigos no eran tan constantes, pasaba algunos ratos solo, meditando en problemas graves de política, religión o filosofía. Contemplando con incierto y soñoliento mirar la escalola de la Escocia, las pinturas ahumadas del techo, los fustes de hierro y las mediacañas doradas. Aquel recinto y aquella atmósfera eran le tan necesarios a la vida, por efecto de la costumbre, que sólo allí se sentía en la plenitud de sus facultades. Hasta la memoria le faltaba fuera del café, y como a veces se olvidara súbitamente en la calle de nombres o de hechos importantes, no se impacientaba por recordar, y decía muy tranquilo, en el café me acordaré. En efecto, apenas tomaba asiento en el diván, la influencia estimulante del local dejaba se sentir en su organismo. El herido, el olfato y la vista, pronto se iban despertando las facultades espirituales, la memoria se le refrescaba y el entendimiento se le desentumecía. Proporcionaba el café las sensaciones íntimas que son propias del hogar doméstico, y al entrar le sonreían todos los objetos como si fueran suyos. Las personas que allí viera constantemente, los mozos y el encargado, ciertos parroqueanos fijos, se le representaban como unidos estrechamente a él por lazos de familia. Hasta con la jorobadita que vendía en la puerta fósforos y periódicos, tenía cierto parentesco espiritual. Pero aunque Juan Pablo se encariñaba de este modo con el local, había cambiado de café bastantes veces en el espacio de cinco años. Lo que equivalía a esto a mudar de vivienda, y como todos los cafés de Madrid se parecen, lo mismo que se parecen las casas, Juan Pablo llevaba en sí propio su domesticidad, y a los dos días de frecuentar un café, ya se encontraba en él como en familia. Los cambios eran determinados por ciertas corrientes de emigración que hay en la sociedad de los vagos y que no se sabe a qué obedecen. Estas veces el impulso partía de algunos amigos inconstantes, tocados de la manía de la variedad. Otras, la emigración era motivada por una cuestión muy desagradable con aquel señor de la mesa próxima. Ya provenía de que el amo del café se portó cochinamente, cobrando a la tertulia unas copas que sabían roto al discutir las verdaderas causas de la muerte de Concha en Mortemuru, ya por fin con un desmejoramiento progresivo e intolerable del género, razón por la cual desearan muchos estrenar los establecimientos nuevos o renovados. Juan Pablo no gustaba de iniciar ninguna corriente de emigración, pero la seguía casi siempre. En estas corrientes es fácil que se pierda alguno de la partida, o por rebelde a las mudanzas, o porque las deudas le cautivan en el antiguo local y allí le hipotecan la asistencia. Pero, en cambio, siempre se gana algún tertulio nuevo que viene a refrescar las ideas y las bromas. Quien se hubiera tomado el trabajo de seguir los pasos de Rubín desde el 69 al 74 le habría visto parroquiano del café de San Antonio en la corredera de San Pablo, después del suizo nuevo, luego de platerías, del siglo y de Levante. Le vería en cierta ocasión prefiriendo los cafés cantantes y en otra abominando de ellos, concurriendo al del gallo o al de la concepción gerónima cuando quería hacerse el invisible, y por fin sentar sus reales en uno de los más concurridos y bulliciosos de la puerta del sol. Al mediodía era siempre de los retrasados porque se levantaban tarde, por la noche era infeliblemente el primero. Ahora vez, al entrar, encontraba ya allí a Don Evaristo González Feijó o a Leopoldo Montes. La tertulia de la noche tenía su personal distinto de la del día y eran pocos los que asistían a una y a otra. Sólo Rubín era a punto fijo en ambas. La peña aquella ocupaba tres mesas y antes de que los parroquianos llegaran, el mozo les ponía a todos el servicio. Juan Pablo entraba a las ocho, cuando aún no había en el local más que tres o cuatro personas, y los mozos estaban de conversación sentados junto al mostrador. En este, el amo o encargado preparaba los servicios, poniendo pilas de platillos de azúcar. Cada instante se abría la puerta de cristales para dar paso a algún parroquiano, que entraba quitándose a la bufanda o desenbozándose, y luego se cerraba con fuerte batacazo para volverse a abrir enseguida con estridente chirrido de goznes moosos. Era un estribillo abrumador. Entrada del individuo con su puro destanco en la boca, después ¡pum! y otra vez ¡chirris! El amo saludaba desde el mostrador a algún parroquiano que le caía cerca. Los más gustaban de que le sirvieran el café sin ninguna tardanza, y daban palmada si el chico no venía pronto. Juan Pablo entraba despacio y muy serio, como hombre que va a cumplir una obligación sagrada. Dirigía el paso gravemente hacia las mesas de la derecha, y se sentaba siempre en el propio sitio con matemática exactitud. El mozo le saludaba en el momento de dar un restrejón con el paño a la mesa, y él, contestando con cierta dignidad, frotabase las manos, se acomodaba bien en el asiento, conservando la capa sobre los hombros. Después acercaba el vaso poniendo a la derecha, a la discreta distancia a que se ponen el tintero para escribir, el platillo del azúcar, y luego atendía a la operación de verter en el vaso la leche y el café, poniendo mucho cuidado en que las proporciones de ambos líquidos fueran convenientes y en que el vaso se llenara sin rebosar. Esto era elemental. Después cogía la cuchara con la mano izquierda y con la derecha iba echando pausadamente los terrones, dirigiendo miradas indulgentes a todo el local y a las personas que entraban. Como veterano del café, sabía tomarlo con aquella lentitud y arte que corresponden a todo acto importante. Imposible que la historia siga este hombre en todos sus periodos cafederos, pero no se puede pasar en silencio la etapa aquella de la Puerta del Sol en que Rubín tenía por tertulios y amigos a Don Evaristo González Feijó, a Don Basilio Andrés de la Caña, a Melchor de Relimpio y a Leopoldo Montes. Personas todas muy dadas a la política y que hablaban del país como de cosa propia. Teniendo todos la misma manía, cada cual cultivaba una especialidad, pues Leopoldo Montes llevaba un día y otro infaliblemente no anticias de crisis. Don Basilio descendía siempre a menudencias de personal. Relimpio era procad y malicioso en sus juicios. Rubín descollaba por suponerse que todo lo sabía y que se anticipaba a los sucesos viéndolas venir. Y, por último, Feijó era profundamente escéptico y tomaba a broma todas las cosas de la política. Allí brillaba espléndidamente esa fraternidad española en cuyo seno se da mano de amigo el carlista y el republicano, el progresista de cabezadura y el moderado implacable. Antiguamente, los partidos separados en público estaban lo también en las relaciones privadas, pero el progreso de las costumbres trajo primero cierta suavidad en las relaciones personales y, por fin, la suavidad se trocó en blandura. Algunos creen que hemos pasado de un extremado mal a otro, sin detenernos en el medio conveniente, y ven en esta fraternidad una relajación de los caracteres. Esto de que todo el mundo sea amigo particular de todo el mundo es síntoma de que las ideas van siendo tan solo un pretexto para conquistar o defender el pan. Existe una confabulación tácita, no tan escondida que no se encuentre a poco que se rasquen los políticos, por la cual se establece el turno en el dominio. En esto consiste que no haya aspiración, por extraviada que sea, que no se tenga por probable. En esto consiste la inseguridad, única cosa que es constante entre nosotros, la ayuda masónica que se prestan todos los partidos desde el clerical al anarquista, lo mismo dándose una credencial vergonzante en tiempo de paces que otorgándose perdones e indultos en las guerras y revoluciones. Hay algo de seguros mutuos contra el castigo, razón por la cual se miran los hechos de fuerza como la cosa más natural del mundo. La moral política es como una capa con tantos remiendos que no se sabe ya cuál es el paño primitivo. Hablando de esto, Ceijó y Rubín achacaban la relajación de los caracteres a los desengaños. Yo, decía Ceijó, soy progresista desengañado y usted tradicionalista arrepentido. Tenemos algo de común. El creer que todo esto es una comedia y que sólo se trata de saber a quién le toca mamar y a quién no. Don Evaristo González Ceijó merece algo más que una mención en este relato. Era hombre de edad, solterón y vivía desahogadamente de sus rentas y de su retiro de coronel del ejército. A poco de la guerra de África abandonó el servicio activo. Era el único individuo de la tertulia que no tenía trampas ni apuros de dinero. Su existencia plácida y ordenada reflejaba en su persona púlcara, robusta y simpática. Su facha denunciaba su profesión militar y su natural hidalgo. Tenía bigote blanco y marcía la rogancia. Continente reposado, ojos vivos, sonrisa entre picaresca y bondadosa. Bestía con mucho esmero y limpieza y su palabra era sumamente instructiva porque había viajado y servido en Cuba y en Filipinas. Había tenido muchas aventuras y visto muchas y muy extrañas cosas. Nos alteraba cuando voy a expresar las ideas más exageradas y disolventes. Lo mismo al partidario de la inquisición que al petrolero más rabioso. Les escuchaba feijo con frialdad venebola. Era indulgente con los entusiasmos, sin duda porque él también los había apadecido. Cuando algunos se expresaba ante él con fe y calor, oíale con la paciencia compasiva con que se oya a los locos. También él había sido loco, pero ya había recobrado la razón y la razón en política era, según él, la ausencia completa de fe. En las tertulias de los cafés hay siempre dos categorías de individuos. Una es la de los que ponen la broza en la conversación, llevando noticias absurdas o diciendo bromas groseras sobre personas y cosas. Otra es la de los que dan la última palabra sobre lo que se debate, soltando un juicio doctoral y reduciendo a su verdadero valor las bromas y los dicharachos. Donde quiera que hay hombres, hay autoridad. Y estas autoridades de café definiendo a veces, a veces profetizando y siempre influyendo por la sensateza aparente de sus juicios sobre la vulgar multitud constituyen una especie de opinión que suele traslucirse a la prensa, allí donde no existe otra de mejor ley. Bueno, los que ejercen autoridad en los círculos o tertulias de café suelen sentarse en el diván. Esto es, de espaldas a la pared, como si presidiera no constituyes en tribunal. Juan Pablo y Feijó pertenecían a esta categoría. Pero el segundo no se sentaba nunca en el diván, porque le daba calor la pana, sino en una de las sillas de fuera, tomando café en un ángulo de la mesa y volviendo la espalda a los individuos de la mesa inmediata. En cambio, Don Basilio, Andrés de la Caña, que era vulgo, se sentaba siempre en el diván. Gustaba de ocupar posiciones superiores a las que merecía y recostaba en el marco de los espejos su cabeza calva ilustrosa. Usaba gafas y su nariz pequeña podría pasar por signo o emblema de agudeza. Entornaba los ojos cuando daba una respuesta difícil, como hombre que quiere reconcentrar bien las ideas. Su frente era espaciosísima y suficionomía de esas que parecen revelar un entendimiento profundo y sintético. Tenía algún parecido con Cabour, de lo que provenían las bromas un tanto pesadas que le daban, para juzgar su talento acudiremos a un dicho de melchor de relimpio. El mejor negocio que se podría hacer en estos tiempos, ¿a qué no saben ustedes cuál es? Pues abrirle la cabeza a Don Basilio y sacarle toda la paja que hay dentro para venderla. Y Don Basilio, que tenía ciertas marrullerías de asnoviejo, sacaba partido de su uficionomía engañosa y de aquel aire de hombre conspicuo, que le daban su calva de calabaza, su frente abovedada, sus anteojos y su nariz chiquita y prismática. Más de una vez, los ministros a quienes se presentó experimentaron los efectos de fascinación que aquella carátula ejercía sobre el bulgo y le tomaron por una eminencia no comprendida. Cráneo y entrecejo eran un timo frenopático. Siempre que discutía, tomaba un tono tan solemne que muchos incautos le miraban con respeto. Consideraba la risa como un acto impropio de la dignidad humana y había la desterrada o casi en absoluto de su cara, tomando por modelo una página del nomenclator o de la memoria de la deuda pública. Dos fases tenía la vida de este hombre, el periodismo y la empleomanía. En la prensa siempre estuvo encargado de la parte extranjera y de las cuestiones de hacienda. Ni para una ni para otra cosa se necesitaban el periodismo antiguo saber escribir. Pero la caña tomaba tan en serio estas dos ramas del conocimiento humano que cuando trabajaba parecía que estaba escribiendo la crítica de la razón pura. Su sueldo en las redacciones no pasó nunca de 30 duros cuando le pagaban. De las redacciones pasaba a las oficinas y de las oficinas a las redacciones, de modo que cuando estaba cesante y la familia pereciendo, alegrabanse las musas de la política extranjera y de la ciencia fiscal. Siempre fue mi hombre arrimado a la cola, como decían sus amigos, es decir, muy moderado, porque siempre le colocaban los doctrinarios. Su primer destino se lo dio Mon y estuvo en la hacienda con ciertas alternativas hasta el periodo largo de la Unión Liberal. Esta época fue su crujía funesta y vivió miserablemente de la pluma preguntando todos los días a la conclusión del artículo ¿Qué hará la Rusia? Y respondiéndose con la más deliciosa buena fe ¿No lo sabemos? A Inglaterra la llamaba siempre el gabinete de Saint James y a Francia el gabinete de las tuyerías. Durante el periodo revolucionario pasó el pobre Don Basilio, una trinquetada horrible porque no quiso venderse ni abdicar sus ideas. Únicamente consintió en trabajar en un periódico liberal templado, pero bien claro se lo dijo al director. No era más que para tratar de las cuestiones financieras con exclusión absoluta de todo idea política. Dicho y hecho, la caña se largaba todos los días un articulazo que no leía a nadie criticando la gestión de la hacienda, pero no así como se quiera, sino con números. Con los números no se juega, decía él, y le metía mano al presupuesto y lo desmenuzaba como si fuera la cuenta de la lavandera. Si esta gente no comprende, decía en el café inflado de autoridad, que sin presupuesto no hay política posible, ni hay país, ni hay nada. Estoy harto de decírselo todos los días, y nada, como si se lo dijera este mármol. Señores, yo les juro que he examinado una por una todas las cifras y créanmelo, parece mentira que este buñuelo haya salido de las oficinas de hacienda. Pero si es lo que yo digo, ese señor, el ministro del ramo, no sabe por dónde anda ni en su vida las ha visto más gordas. Cuidado que lo vengo demostrando como tres y dos son cinco, pero nada, no lo quieren entender. Después de expresar con un gran suspiro la lástima que tenía de este pobre país seguía tomando su café con indolencia, pero con apetito, porque para Don Basilio era verdadero alimento y lo tomaba colmado en vaso y dejando rebosar todo lo posible en el plato para trassegarlo después frío al vaso. En los últimos años de la revolución Don Manuel Pez diole un destino y yo en el gobierno civil y él lo aceptó como ayuda hasta que vinieran tiempos mejores, pero estaba descontento no solo por lo mezquino del sueldo, sino por razones de dignidad. Los amigos que le oían quejarse comparando la exiguidad de la paga con la muchedumbre de bocas que constituían su familia le consalaban cada cual a su manera, pero él decía invariablemente y sobre todo, me lo pueden creer, lo que más me contrista es mi ramo. Su ramo era la hacienda. La conversación del círculo que empezaba casi siempre con el tema de la guerra pasaba insensiblemente al de los empleos. Leopoldo Montes, cesante eterno, Relimpio y otros que tenían entre los dientes alguna piltrafa del presupuesto se arrojaban con deleite famélico sobre aquel tema picante. Usted cuánto tiene? Yo 14, pero me corresponden 16. Fulano, que estaba por debajo de mí en la ordenación de pagos, tiene ya 20 y yo llevo 10 años con 14. Pues yo, decía don Basilio, cuando estaba en mi ramo llegué a 24 por mis pasos contados. Con este desbarajuste que hay ahora no se sabe ya por dónde anda uno. El día que vuelva a mi ramo no admito credencial que sea inferior a 30, pero como aquí se hacen mangas y capirotes de los derechos adquiridos, qué país. Yo entré en penales con 8, después me pasaron a instrucción pública con 10, luego cesante y al fin, para no morirme de hambre tuve que aceptar 6 en loterías. Pues yo murmuraba una voz que parecía salida de una botella, voz correspondiente a una cara escuálida y cadáverica en la cual estaban impresas todas las tristezas de la administración española. Solo pido dos meses, más de activo para poderme jubilar por ultramar. He pasado el charco siete veces, estoy sin sangre y ya me corresponde a retirarme a descansar con 12. Valdita sea mi suerte. El cesante más digno de conmiseración es aquel que sólo pide unos cuantos días más de empleo para poder reclinar sobre la almohada de las clases pasivas, una frente cargada de años, de sustos y de servicios. Fin de la sección 1. Sección 2 de Fortunata y Jacinta Tercera parte de Benito Pérez Galdós Esta grabación de LibriVox está en el dominio público. Capítulo 1 Costumbres turcas Parte B De 8 a 10 estaba el café completamente lleno y los alientos y el vapor y el humo hacían un potaje atmosférico que indige estaba los pulmones. A las 9, cuando aparecían la correspondencia y los demás periódicos de la noche, aumentaba el bullicio. La jorobada y un su hermano también algo cargado de espaldas entraban con las manos de papel y dando brazadas por entre las mesas del centro, iban alargando periódicos a todo el que los pedía. Poco después empezaba a aclarear la concurrencia. Algunos se iban al teatro y las peñas de estudiantes se disolvían porque hay muchos que se van a estudiar temprano. En todos los cafés son bastantes los parroquianos que se retiran entre 10 y 11. A las 12 vuelve a animarse en local con la gente que regresa del teatro y que tiene costumbre de tomar chocolate o de cenar antes de irse a la cama. Después de la una sólo quedan los enviciados con la conversación los adheridos al diván o a las sillas por una especie de solidificación calcarea. Las verdaderas ostras del café. Juan Pablo no se iba hasta que cerraban las puertas y de todos sus amigos, el único que tan adesora le acompañaba era Melchor del Relimpio. Iban juntos hacia su barrio y a veces el uno dejaba al otro en la puerta de su casa sin cesar de charlar hasta el momento en que venía el sereno a abrir. Si la noche estaba buena habría de andarse una hora más de palique vagando por las calles. ¿De qué hablaban aquellos hombres durante tantas y tantas horas? El español es el ser más charlatán que existe sobre la tierra y cuando no tiene asunto de conversación habla de sí mismo. Dicho se está que ha de hablar mal. En nuestros cafés se habla de cuánto cae bajo la ley de la palabra humana desde el gran día de Babel en que Dios hizo las opiniones. Ollense en tales sitios vulgaridades groseras y también conceptos ingeniosos, discretos y oportunos. Porque no sólo van al café los perdidos y maldicientes también van personas ilustradas y de buena conducta. Hay tertulias de militares de ingenieros las de empleados y estudiantes son las que más abundan y los provincianos forasteros llenan los huecos que aquellos dejan. En un café tienen las cosas más necias y también las más sublimes. Hay quien ha aprendido todo lo que sabe de filosofía en la mesa de un café de lo que se deduce que hay quien en la misma mesa pone cátedra amena en los sistemas filosóficos. Hay notabilidades de la tribuna o de la prensa que han aprendido en los cafés todo lo que saben. Hombres de poderosa asimilación ostentan cierto caudal de conocimientos sin haber abierto un libro y es que se han apropiado ideas vertidas en esos círculos nocturnos por los estudiosos que se permiten una hora de esparcimiento en tertulias tan amenas y fraternales. ¿También van sabios a los cafés? También se oyen allí observaciones elocuentes y llenas de sustancia exposiciones sintéticas de profundas doctrinas. No es todo frivolidad, anécdotas callejeras y mentiras. El café es como una gran feria en la cual se cambian infinitos productos del pensamiento humano. Claro que dominan las baratijas pero entre ellas corren a veces sin que se las vea joyas de inestimable precio. La mesa presidida por Juan Pablo Rubín era la segunda entrando a mano derecha. La inmediata pertenecía al mismo círculo de amigos. Después seguía la de los curas de tropa. Llamada así porque a ella se arrimaban tres o cuatro sacerdotes que podríamos llamar sueltos y que durante la noche y parte del día hacían vida laica. A esta mesa solía ir Nicolás Rubín, vestido de seglar como los otros, sirviendo de transición entre aquel círculo y el próximo, donde su hermano estaba. Las dos tertulias vecinas vivían en excelentes relaciones y a veces se entremezclaban los apreciables sujetos que las componían. A la mesa de los presbíteros seguían dos de escritores periodistas y autores dramáticos. Federico Ruiz iba por allí muy a menudo y como era hombre tan comunicativo metía baza con los curas de lo que resultó que estos se familiarizaran por una banda con la gente de pluma y por otra con los amigos de Rubín y Feijó. A los escritores seguían los chicos de caminos que ocupaban las tres mesas del ángulo. Allí empezaba lo que llamaban el martillo, o sea el crucero del bastísimo local. Dicho crucero era como un segundo departamento del café y estaba invatido por estudiantes en su mayoría gallegos y leoneses que metían una bulla infernal. Como todo esto que cuento se refiere al año 74, natural es que en el café se hablará principalmente de la guerra civil. En aquel año ocurrieron acciones muy notables, como el sitio de Bilbao, la muerte de Concha y por fin el pronunciamiento de Sagunto. Raro era el día que no echaban los periódicos un extraordinario anunciando batallas, desembarcos de armas, movimientos de tropas, cambios de generales y otras cosas que, por lo común, daban pie a inacabables comentarios. ¿Se ha enterado usted Rubín? Decía Feijó al tomar asiento junto al ángulo de la mesa y quitando de la boca del vaso el platillo del azúcar. Parece que Mendirí se ha corrido hacia Aviana. ¡Descuide usted! Replicaba Juan Pablo con suficiencia. No saldrán del circulito de las provincias Vascongadas y Navarra. Les conozco bien. Todos los jefes no van más que hacer su peya. El día en que haya un gobierno que les quiera comprar, se acabó la guerra. ¡Pero hombre! No hay más que hablar. Pillería aquí, pillería allá y toda una gran pillería. Aquí... Aquí no hay más que mucha hambre. Decía uno de los curas de tropa alzando la voz en la mesa inmediata. La guerra no se acaba porque los militares van muy a gusto en el machito. Los de acá y los de allá no están por la paz. ¿Pero qué me dicen ustedes a mí? ¿Qué he visto aquello? Yo he servido en el cuarto montado. He visto de cerca la guerra y esta seguirá jorobándonos mientras unos y otros mamen de ella. ¡Qué fuerte está el señor capellán! Dijo feijó sonriendo y no dijo más porque entró Don Basilio y en tono de gran misterio se expresó de este modo. Cuando digo que hay novedades... Después que le sirvieron el café agachó la cabeza y en el círculo que formaban las cuatro o cinco cabezas de sus amigos para oírle hizo la confidencia. Se lo digo a ustedes en gran reserva. ¿Pero qué es? ¡Misterios! Sagasta está disgustado. Me lo ha dicho su secretario particular. ¡Ah, yo también loí! indicó relimpió. Es cierto como que tiene dolor de muelas. El motivo añadió la caña a radiante. No lo sé. Cada uno piensa como quiera. Yo lo único que me permito decir es que esto está muy malo, pero muy malo y que hay mar de fondo. ¿Pero no sabía usted más? Le preguntó feijó de una manera apremiante. Yo creí que nos iba usted a dar noticia de la conferencia del duque con el Douayen y ahora sale con que Sagasta está malo humorado. Dios nos asista. Pero lo de la conferencia es cierto o no. Don Basilio solía llevar en la boca un palillo de dientes y tomándolo entre los dedos lo mostraba accionando con él como si formara parte del argumento. Lo que yo sé afirmó con acento patético ofreciendo el palillo a la admiración de sus amigos. Lo que yo sé es que esto está muy malo. Digo con Lorenzana ¡Meditemos! El círculo de cabezas volvió a formarse y en él echó Don Basilio su aliento como los saludadores antes de echar sus palabras. Era el tal aliento poco grato a la nariz de feijó por lo cual éste se retiró discretamente. Don Basilio estuvo vacilando entre su conciencia que le exigía callar y el deseo de satisfacer la curiosidad de sus amigos. Por fin se violentó un poco para decir que el coche salió del ministerio a las cuatro y al pasar en coche por la calle del amor de Dios, vio a un amigo paró el coche, el amigo entró y fueron. ¿Pero quién era el amigo? Todo no se ha de decir. Pues bien, allá va era el pollo romero. Fueron ésta sí que es gorda a casa de Don Antonio Cánovas madera baja número uno. Dicho esto la caña se quedó muy serio saboreando el efecto que debían causar sus palabras. Volvió a poner el palillo entre los dientes y miraba a sus amigos con cierta lástima. ¿Y qué? dijo Rubín con desabrimiento. ¿No veo la tostada? Pues, amigo mío replicó Don Basilio en el tono de un hombre superior que no quiere incomodarse. Si usted no quiere ver la tostada ¿Qué le voy a hacer? ¿Y qué más da que vayan o no a casa de Cánovas? Nada, nada la cosa no tiene malicia flojilla cosa es. ¿De qué pan hago las migas compadre del tuyo que con el viento no se oye? Después se permitió echarse a reír cosa en el extrañísima y desusada. Este Don Basilio amigo manifestó feijo y franqueza habitual. Confía si usted que la noticia que nos ha traído podría ser una sandez. Bueno mi señor Don Evaristo usted crea lo que quiera. Yo me lavo las manos. Esto de lavarse las manos lo repetía mucho en la caña pero los hechos no correspondían a las palabras como lo demostraba la simple observación. Ustedes podrán creer lo que les acomode repetía el escritor de hacienda intentando elevar su dignidad de noticiero sobre la chacota de sus amigos pero lo que yo sostengo es que antes de un mes está el príncipe alfonso en el trono. Risa general Don Basilio se ponía colorado y después palidecía sus labios temblaban al aplicarse al borde del vaso. ¿A qué no? dijo con rábia Juan Pablo eso nunca antes que eso que vuelvan los cantonales ni que fuéramos bobos en España señores a ustedes les cabe en la cabeza que venga aquí el príncipe alfonso y detrás doña Isabel bonito por venir otra vez el moderate antismo pero yo pregunto añadió con exaltación dejando caer la capa y echando atrás el sombrero yo pregunto que gente tiene a su lado el príncipe a ver respondedme Don Basilio no se atrevía a responder contentábase con tomar aire de hombre profundo que no se resuelve a soltar el enjambre de ideas que le zumban en el cerebro respondedme nadie cuatro gatos dijo Montes los que no supieron defender a su madre cuando la echamos señores y ahora si quiere Don Basilio pasaremos revista a todos los personajes del alzonsismo vamos vengan ratas Don Basilio por su gusto se habría metido debajo de la mesa no hacía más que morder el palillo y gruñir como un mastín que no se decide aladrar ni quiere tampoco callarse el alfonsismo es un crimen afirmó con la mayor suficiencia Leopoldo Montes que no separaba en barras para expresar una opinión pero un crimen de lesa nación agregó rubín es lo que yo le decía anoche a Relimpio que también se va cayendo de ese lado en estos momentos cuando no se sabe lo que saldrá de la guerra pues si si Don Carlos no fuera un necio no estaría ya en Madrid pero y eso que prueba argulló al fin Don Basilio viendo una salida favorable de la confusión en que su contrincante le metía que tiene que ver lógica señores lógica nada hombre que no viene acá el niño ese que no viene yo pongo mi cabeza pero no hay pero que no viene y no le de usted vueltas señores de la caña démme ustedes razones que no viene usted se convencerá usted lo verá al tiempo pues al tiempo que no hombre que no si hasta que venga al príncipe menudo pelo va usted a echar si no se trata aquí de que yo heche pelo manifestó Don Basilio incomodándose un poco y mostrando el palillo deshilachado pero Rubín se puso a hablar con Feijó que le preguntaba por aquel inexplicable casamiento de su hermano con una mujer maleada Don Basilio pegó la hebra con los curas de tropa y con Nicolás Rubín en aquel círculo le hacían más caso que en el suyo que despachaba más a gusto divididas las opiniones el capellán del cuarto montado votaba por el príncipe pero el cura Rubín y otros dos que allí había, bufaban sólo de oír hablar del alfonsismo Don Basilio inclinándose de aquel lado apoyado en el codo les revelaba secretos con muchísima reserva ya no faltaba más que dar algunos perfiles a la cosa todo dispuesto y el primerito que estaba en el ajo era serrano lo que ustedes oyen al tiempo ustedes lo han de ver y pronto, muy pronto después se incautaba con disimulo de todos los terrones de azúcar que podía y se marchaba a su casa despidiéndose de cada uno particularmente con apretón de manos a espaldarazo Rubín, después de su fracaso en el campo y corte de Don Carlos había tomado el aborrecimiento a los hombres del Bando Absolutista pero conservaba las ideas autoritarias y la opinión de que no se puede gobernar bien sino dando muchos palos toda la parte religiosa del programa carlista la descartaba quedándose tan sólo con la política porque ya había visto prácticamente que los curas lo echan todo a perder decía que su ideal era un gobierno de leña que hiciera las leyes y nos las aplicara sin contemplaciones mirando siempre a la justicia con una tranca muy grande y siempre alzada en la mano este sistema autocrático comprendía las maneras de gobernar más que las ideas y soluciones teóricas porque entre las que profesaba Rubín había las marcadamente avanzadas populares y aún socialistas uno de sus temas era este conviene que todo el mundo coma porque el hambre y la pobretería son lo que más estorba la acción de los gobiernos lo que da calor a las revoluciones manteniendo a la nación en la intranquilidad y el desbarajuste este socialismo sin libertad combinado con el absolutismo sin religión formaba en la cabeza de aquel buen hombre un revoltijo de mil demonios otro de sus lemas era no más pillos y pena de muerte al ladrón o más claro castigo inmediato y cruel a todos los que van al gobierno por fin de hacer chanchullos la ráfaga de ambición que pasa por la mente de todo español con más o menos frecuencia haciéndole decir, si yo fuera poder le soplaba a Rubín dos o tres veces cada día más bien como sueño que como esperanza pero en sus horas de soledad se adormecía con aquella idea y la trabajaba, batiéndola como se bate la crada de huevo para que crezca y se avulte y forme espumarajos de este meneo mental era que aquí lo que hace falta es un hombre de riñones, un tío de mucho talento con cada riñón como la cúpula del escorial su prisión por sospechas de conspiración acentuóle la soberbia y la murría soñadora revolviendo más al propio tiempo el pisto manchego de su programa político social salió de la cárcel con la cabeza más atrullada y los ánimos más encendidos entróle entonces cierto afán por las lecturas porque reconocía su ignorancia y la necesidad de entender las ideas de los grandes hombres y los sucesos notables que habían pasado en el mundo durante un par de semanas leyó mucho devorando obras diferentes y como tenía facilidad de asimilación y mucha labia lo que leía por las mañanas lo desembutchaba por las noches en el café convertido en pajaritas pajaritas eran sus conceptos pero no por serlo dejaban de cautivar a don vacilio, a leopoldo montes y al mismo feijó un día se despertó pensando que debía empollar algo de sistemas filosóficos y de historia de las religiones el móvil de esto no era simplemente el amor al saber sino un maligno deseo de tener argumentos con que apabullar a los curas de la mesa próxima que sólo por ser curas, aunque sueltos le eran antipáticos a la clase entera desde aquella trastada que los sotanas la hicieron en el norte poco a poco a medida que iba acopiando argumentos fue Rubín corriéndose a lo largo del diván hasta que llegó a presidir la mesa de los capellanes eran estos tres, cuatro cuando iba Nicolás Rubín todos de buena sombra y muy echados para adelante ninguno de ellos se mordía la lengua fuera cual fuese el tema de que se tratara el más calificado era un viejo catarroso andaluz gran narrador de anécdotas mal hablado y en el fondo buena persona retirabase a las once y decía sus misitas por la mañana el segundo era cura de tropa echado del servicio por no se que desafueros y el tercero escape ya de un vapor correo expulsado porque le cogieron contrabando de tabaco estos dos eran buenos peines habían corrido mucho mundo y estaban sin licencias ladrando de hambre echados de todas las iglesias y sin encontrar amparo en parte alguna tal situación les agriaba el carácter haciéndoles parecer peores de lo que eran jamás se vestían de hábitos pero conservaban la cara afeitada como para estar disponibles en el caso de que los admitiesen otra vez en el oficio no sé como se llamaba el viejo catarroso porque todos allí le nombraban páter y servía de avales de apodo el ex castrense se llamaba quevedo y era del propio perchel feo como un susto picado de viruelas, de mirada aviesa y con una cara de secuestrador quedaría espanto al infeliz que se la encontrase mitad de un camino solitario bebía aguardiente a aquel clérigo como si fuera agua y su lenguaje era un ceceo con gargarismos contaba hechos de armas y aventuras de cuartel burda y una sinceridad zafia que levantaban pollas el otro se llamaba pedernero y era del propio ceuta hijo de una oficiala de fijo joven y simpático de modales mucho más finos que sus colegas listó como un chorro de polbra y con un pico de oro que daba gusto para él no tenían secretos la vida humana ni la juventud su compañero quevedo solía envolverse en formas hipócritas pedernero no se presentaba sin máscara tal como era empezando por decir que el superior había hecho muy bien en quitarle las licencias el llamado pater afectaba cierto magisterio episcopal con los otros dos les reprendía cuando decían alguna barbaridad y les daba buenos consejos profesando el principio de que todo era tolerable cuando se trataba en broma él por ejemplo hablaba y oía sobre todo oía muchas cosas malas pero su vida permanecía pura tenía la cara redonda blanca y risueña y cuando estaba sin sombrero parecía una mujer 5 en tona a madre canónico no gustaba de que le armasen en la mesa disputas violentas sino que se mantuviera la tertulia en el terreno de las ablillas sabrosas y de las chirigotas picantes aunque fuese en sucias pues bien en este círculo fue donde se coló Juan Pablo con su clerofobia y su pegadizo saber de teología y filosofía católica empezó dando puntadas como al principio era a su charla frívola y de gacetilla todo se reían y el pater estaba en sus glorias pero poco a poco iba sacando rubín proposiciones serias el poder temporal del papa fue puesto por los suelos sin que ninguno de los tonsurados hiciese una defensa formal el pater y quevedo tomaban la cuestión con calma oponiendo a los ataques de rubín argumentos evasivos en estilo jocoserio pedernero le echaba todo a chacota pero una noche que llevó rubín bien fresquecito y pegado con saliva el tema de la pluralidad de mundos habitados pedernero empezó a despabilarse era doctor en teología y aunque había ahorcado los libros hacía mucho tiempo algo recordaba y tenía además grandes dotes de polemista rubín salió un tanto contuso pero en retirada se defendía bien con su flexibilidad y agudeza más adelante llevó un arsenal de argumentos contra la revelación esto no lo creen ya más que los adokines todo el viejo testamento no era más que un fraude una imitación de las teogonías india y persa bien se veía la reproducción de los mismos mitos y símbolos el pecado original la expulsión del paraíso la encarnación, la redención eran una serie de representaciones poéticas y naturalistas que se reproducían a través de los siglos lo mismo a orillas de leufrates que del nilo que del jordan sí, pues ahora lo verás esto se dijo pedernero cuyo amor propio de teólogo contra bandista se picó extraordinariamente en dos o tres días refrescó sus lecturas re hizo su erudición descompuesta en los viajes y en la vida de libertino y bien preparado acudió al torneo a que el otro le retaba con sabidurías de tercera mano aprendidas en los libritos franceses de ciencia popular a 30 céntimos el tomo pues amigo, una noche el excapellán del vapor correo se lió la manta y le dio tal paliza a rubín que este hubo de salir con las manos en la cabeza había que ver a pedernero transfigurado hecho un orador ardiente y lleno de arrogante facundia el auditorio se estrechaba y de las mesas próximas y de los veladores del centro acudía gente apelmazándose en torno a los bravos contraincantes rubín era agudo, ágil, guerrillero de la discusión el otro dominaba el asunto y era firme y sobrio de palabras seguro en la dialéctica no pararon aquí las cosas rubín lleno de despecho resobaba sus libritos de a 30 céntimos para buscar armas contra la iglesia apenas las esgrimía pedernero le reventaba su argumentación era la maza de fraga el pátter no cabía en sí de gozo y bailaba en el asiento que vedo alargaba el hocico y hasta se atrevía a decir mu, repitiendo las admirables razones de su amigo los demás tertulios se embalentonaban adiriéndose a algunos salvando de pedernero otros al de rubín no por convicción para divertirse y aumentar la jarana además de los tres curas eran parroquianos de aquella mesa las siguientes personas una gente de bolsa riquísimo que con el pátter llevaba 10 años de concurrir todas las noches a aquel mismo sitio un bajo de ópera retirado un funcionario de poco sueldo y el dueño de un acreditado molino de chocolate los curas y estos cuatro señores formaban la partida más fraternal que puede imaginarse cuando cada cual un bocado sabroso al festín de la murmuración pasaban dulcemente las horas amigos allí, distantes unos de otros en el comercio de la vida ordinaria rubín al verse vencido pues hasta el agente de bolsa que era el más libre pensador de todos se cayó del lado de pedernero buscaba camorra empleando argumentos de mala fe y personalizando la disputa el bajo de ópera se creía en el deber de apoyar a la idea religiosa por haberla expresado tantas veces con su sábana por la cabeza haciendo el respetable papel de sumo sacerdote y el del molino de chocolate azuzaba a los dos por ver si la cosa se enfurruñaba y no quedaban más que los rabos oíanse en aquella parte del café cláusulas furibundas proposiciones que parecían dichas en un pulpito y descollaba sobre el tumulto la valiente voz de pedernero gritando yo le digo a usted que ningún santo padre ha podido sostener ese disparate no jorobar yo le reto a usted a que me traiga el texto y si no lo trae es prueba de que lo inventa usted aquella noche quedó la cosa mal y el tono de los contendientes así como la atmósfera caldeada que en la tertulia reino hacían temer una escena desagradable la catástrofe tuvo lugar a la noche siguiente pues habiéndose permitido rubín algunas reticencias desfavorables como la reputación de la virgen maría salto pedernero de su asiento trémulo y descompuesto en estado de horrible agitación y lanzó a su contrario anatema tan furibundo que los amigos tuvieron que sujetarles porque yo soy un lipendi yo reconozco gritaba el capillán ahogándose que soy un mal sacerdote pero delante de mí no hay un judío sin vergüenza que se atreva a hablar mal de la virgen o se traga a usted esas infamias rompo el alma, ahora mismo no puede describirse lo que allí pasó voces, gritos, patadas capas rotas, vasos volcados terrones por el suelo trincando una botella rubín apuntó al cura con tal desacierto que quedó descalabrado el infeliz, bajo de ópera el cipizape fue de lo más célebre don Basilio tiró uno de los faldones a rubín y por poco se queda con ellos en la mano todo el café se alborotó el amo intervino emigración desde el día siguiente Juan Pablo trasladó sus reales a otro café fin de la sección 2 sección 3 de Fortunata y Jacinta tercera parte de Benito Pérez-Galdós esta grabación de LibriVox está en el dominio público capítulo 1 nombres turcas parte C el primero que hubo de seguirle fue Don Evaristo González Feijo a quien era indiferente este o el otro establecimiento instalaronse por el pronto en fornos y ahí esperaron a la segunda noche fue Leopoldo Montes y a la tercera Don Basilio que les encontró discutiendo de qué café se posesionarían definitivamente el escritor de hacienda se apresuró a dar su opinión favorable al café de Santo Tomás porque allí daban más azúcar que en ninguna parte replicó a esto Montes que no había que mirar el caso bajo el prisma exclusivo del azúcar y que el género que más importaba era el café el de la aduana estuvo a punto de triunfar pero lo desecharon por no estar siempre entre franceses así como se excluyó el imperial por los toreros y otro por las cursis que lo invadían feijo se habría quedado allí pero a Rubín le eran antipáticos los alumnos de escuelas preparatorios militares que iban a fornos a primera hora molestaba también la costumbre que allí había de quitar gas a las diez de la noche cuando se iban los tales alumnos el local se quedaba medio a oscuras no volviendo a ser bien alumbrado hasta las doce hora en que venían a cenar los bolsistas a Rubín le cargaban también los dichosos bolsistas que no hablaban más que de dinero decidieron por fin establecerse en el siglo de la calle mayor donde se encontraron bastantes personas conocidas Rubín necesitaba algunos días para la aclimatación en el nuevo local al principio cambiaba frecuentemente de mesa bien porque el sitio era expuesto a las corrientes de aire bien por ciertas vecindades un poco molestas una de las primeras noches cuando aún no habían llegado los amigos Rubín estaba solo en la mesa y ponía su atención en dos grupos inmediatos a él en ambos era vivo y animado el diálogo en el de la derecha decían hoy he hecho yo unas 50 robas a 25 reales pero está la plaza perdida los paletos van aprendiendo mucho hoy han dicho que no traen más escarola si no se la ponemos a diez en el grupo de la izquierda compuesto de tres individuos o yo Rubín lo siguiente te aseguro que yo admito la metempsicosis según la entendían los egipcios y los caldeos compredió Rubín que los de la derecha eran asentadores de vibres y los de la izquierda filósofos de café en el del siglo había una gran reunión de espiritistas a la que concurría por aquella fecha Federico Ruiz viole Rubín y se acercó a la tertulia teniendo el gusto de discutir con los individuos más entusiastas y asecta entendía Juan Pablo que esto de ir corriéndola de mundo en mundo después de que uno se muere es muy aceptable pero lo del peri espíritu no lo tragaba ni la guasa de que vengan sócrates y cervantes a ponerse de chachara con nosotros cuando nos place vamos esto es para bobos uno de los más chiflados de la escuela se esforzaba en convencer a Rubín tomando ese tonillo de unción con el cuello torcido y ojos bajos en que cae todo propagandista de doctrina religiosa cualquiera que sea Feijoa aparentaba creer por darles cuerda y oírles desatinar aquel círculo iba Federico Ruiz siempre con prisa y con el tiempo tasado porque a tal hora tenía que asistir a una junta para tratar de la erección del monumento a jovenllanos después a otra para ocuparse del banquete que se había de dar a las ciencias que vendrían al Congreso de Episcicultura hombre más atareado no se vio jamás en nuestro país y como tenía tantas cosas en el caletre para no olvidar muchas de ellas se veía obligado a apuntarse las colapiz en los puños de la camisa cuando no tenía que ir a la sociedad económica a defender su voto particular como individuo de la comisión informadora de reformas sociales iba al fomento de las ciencias a dar su conferencia sobre la utilidad para estudiar a estudio serio el arte de la panificación entre col y col Ruiz pasaba un rato con sus amigos los espiritistas y les alentaba a organizarse a establecerse a alquilar un local y sobre todo a fundar un órgano en la prensa nada adelantarían sin órgano iba también a aquel corrillo a Parísi, el concejal a quien tenían ya medio trastornado los apóstoles Pépé Samañego que no se dejaba en su cara y Damos Otrugillo el dueño de la zapatería titulada al ramo de azucenas que todo se lo creía como un bendito y a solas en su casa hacía experimentos con una banqueta de zapatero en la mesa próxima había empleados de hacienda gobernación y ultramar y una tanda de cesantes entre ellos vio Rubín al individuo a quien solo faltaban dos meses de empleo para poder pedir su jubilación tenía pintada en su cara la ansiedad más terrible su piel era como la cascara de un limón podrido sus ojos de espectro y cuando se acercaba a la mesa de los espiritistas parecía uno de aquellos seres muertos hace miles de años que vienen ahora por estos barrios llamados por el toque de la pata de onbelador el clima de Cuba y Filipinas le había dejado en los huesos y como era todo él una pura mojama relumbraban en su cara las miradas de tal modo que parecía que comer a la gente a un guasón se le ocurrió llamarle Ramses segundo y cayó tan en gracia el mote que Ramses segundo se quedó pasando con desdén por junto a los espiritistas se sentaban en el círculo de sus empleados oyendo más bien que hablando y permitiéndose hacer tal cual observación con voz de ultratumba que salía de su garganta como un eco de las frías cavernas de una pirámide egipcia dos meses nada más dos meses me faltan y todo se vuelve promesas que hoy, que mañana, que veremos que no hay vacante Feijó se arrimaba él y le daba conversación por lástima animándole y procurando distraerle de su tema pero Ramses segundo cuyo verdadero nombre era Villa al Mil no tenía más consuelo que aplicar su oreja seca y amarilla a la conversación por si escuchaba algo de crisis o de trifulca próxima que se patas arriba con todo lo que él quería era que se armase gorda, pero muy gorda a ver si pero a usted, quien le recomienda le preguntó una noche a Juan Pablo a mi, Don Claudio Moyano pues entonces ya está usted fresco dicen que trae al príncipe indicó Ramses segundo con timidez si, lo traen los rusos por las ventas de Alcorcón había dosta usted si espera que venga al príncipe aquí lo que viene es la liquidación social y después sabe Dios saldrá el hombre que hace falta un tío con un garote muy grande y con cada riñón así Ramses segundo bajaba la cabeza Don Basilio era su único amigo porque también allí ponía el paño al púlpito para anunciar la avenida del príncipe por supuesto añadiá tiene que venir con la estaca de que habla el amigo Juan Pablo Rubín se encontraba bien en aquel círculo pero una noche acertó a ver en las mesas de enfrente a un hombre que le desconcertó por completo era un amigo suyo que le había prestado dinero la secreta antipatía que inspiraba el acreedor manifestaba en el alma de Rubín en forma de un odio recóndito nacido quizás del sentimiento de humillación que producen las deudas a toda persona de amor propio muy susceptible el tal era candidos a maniego hombre medio curial y medio negociante en su trato afable en sus negocios duro muchas veces renovó a Juan Pablo sus pagarés y últimamente le había apremiado con cierta acritud Rubín condensaba sus sentimientos respecto al prestamista en esta frase pagarle y después romperle la cabeza desde que le veía en las mesas de enfrente sentía una desazón profundísima mal de estómago y como ganas de enfadarse ponía a ser tan nervioso que le habría tirado un botellazo al primer espiritista que hablase de llamar a epaminondas para consultarle sobre la marcha de los carlistas por el baztan y el pérfido inglés se dejaba caer hacia aquellas mesas pretextando tener que hablar a su primo Pepe pero con intención de aproximarse a Juan Pablo ver lo que hacía y cruzar con él algunas palabras el infeliz deudor hacía de tripas corazón y poniéndole cara y risueña convítabale a tomar algo más el usurero le daba las gracias y si tenía ocasión le saltaba indirectas tan suaves como ésta mire usted que no puedo más siempre me está usted diciendo que la semana que entra y francamente sentiré verme obligado a dar un paso que a Rubín se le hacía acíbar el café y la tertulia un infierno era la insoportable la presencia de aquel hombre a quien no podía mandar a paseo imagen viva del desorden de su vida que se le aparecía como un espectro de una víctima cuando más contento estaba la única delicia de su triste existencia era el café aquel sueño plácido se lo trocaba en angustiosa pesadilla no pudo más y una noche sin decir nada levantó el vuelo hacia otras regiones en esta nueva emigración deseando estar lo más lejos posible del siglo se fue a San Joaquín en la calle de Fuencarral y no se corrió más al norte porque no había cafés en las latitudes altas de Madrid pero en esta deserción ya no le acompañaron ni Don Basilio Andrés de la Caña ni Montes éste porque San Joaquín estaba donde Cristo dio las tres voces aquel porque ya se iba cargando de la pertinencia con que Rubín se burlaba de sus profecías sobre la proximidad de la restauración el mismo Don Baristo Feijo le siguió de mal humor diciéndole con desabrimiento que no le gustaban los cafés de piano y que el género y la sociedad no debían ser de lo mejor en aquellas alturas estuvieron solos algunos días no veían por allí caras de amigos hasta que una noche se le apareció en el local una pareja conocida eran Feliciana y Olmedo el estudiante de farmacia amigo de Maxi ya no vivían juntos porque Olmedo había dado un cambiazo en sus costumbres volviéndose aplicadísimo a cara descubierta no se recataba ya para estudiar y hace a público Alarde con la mayor desvergüenza de su decidida inclinación a tomar el grado aquel mismo año llegando hasta la autacia de escribir un trabajo muy bueno sobre la dextrina e ilusionándose con la idea de hacer oposición a una cátedra pero no se había encontrado a su antiguo amor echa un pingo convido a tomar un café en aquel apartado establecimiento más de dos horas estuvieron charlando los que fueron amantes y ella no paraba el pico refiriendo los malos tratos que le daba el hombre que a la sazón era su dueño volvieron dos noches después a la misma mesa y Rubín trabo conversación con ellos hablaron de la boda de Maximiliano y de los increíbles sucesos que después vinieron diciendo Juan Pablo que su cuñadita era una buena pieza pero hombre dijo a su amigo y usted para qué dejó casar a su hermano a mi hermano le falta un tornillo ah como guapa ya lo es agregó Donnevaristo con cierto entusiasmo la he visto ayer mejor dicho la he visto varias veces ¿dónde? en su casa es largo de contar dejémoslo para otra noche era sin duda cosa delicada para dicha delante de testigos y estos eran Olmedo con Feliciana el pianista ciego que en los descansos solía agregarse a aquella placida tertulia y una señora jamona fiel parroquiana del café de 9 a 12 la llamaban Doña María de las Nieves y era una de las figuras más notables que presenta Madrid en la variadísima serie de los tipos de café iba algunas veces sola otras con una mujer de mantón borrego que parecía verdulera acomodada llevaba toquilla de color corinto que se quitaba al sentarse y al punto se le armaba en la mesa una tertulia de hombres compuesta de los siguientes personajes un portero del colegio de sordomudos un empleado del tribunal de cuentas un teniente viejo de la clase de tropa retirado del servicio y dos individuos que tenían puesto de carne y fruta en la plaza de Sanil de Fonso en esta sociedad reinava Doña Nieves como en un salón siendo ella la que pronunciaba las frases religiosas y chispeantes sobre el suceso del día y los otros los que reían corríase algunas veces hacia la mesa inmediata sobre todo a última hora cuando sus amigos, gente que tenía que madrugar empezaba a desertar del local entonces se formaba una segunda peña Doña Nieves bien dirigiendo el café tomaba chocolate y acompañabanle Juan Pablo Feijó, el pianista ciego Feliciana, Olmedo y algún otro el mozo mismo que había llegado a familiarizarse con aquella sociedad se agregaba también tomando asiento en un extremo del corro para escuchar y aplaudir Doña Nieves era propietaria de algunos puestos del mercado y los arrendaba por esto, así como por sus muchas relaciones los diferentes tratos en que andaba y los anticipos que hacía las placeras ejercía cierto caciquismo en la plazuela se hacía respetar de los guindillas protegiendo al débil contra el fuerte y los contraventores de las ordenanzas urbanas contra la tiranía municipal al pianista ciego le daba el cafetero siete reales y la cena por el día se dedicaba a afinar era casado y con ocho de familia tocaba piezas de ópera y de zarzuelas francesas como una máquina con ejecución fácil aunque incorrecta sin gusto ni sentimiento a pesar de esto en ciertos pasajes muy naturalistas que permitaba una tempestad o las campanadas de incendios que da a cada parroquia le aplaudía mucho el público y a última hora le pedían siempre a baneras la verdad es que todo esto doña nieves y las placeras sus amigas las mujeres de equivoca decencia que iban allí acompañadas de madres postizas el mozo y sus familiaridades el pianista y sus abaneras aburrían a juan paulo soberanamente para colmo de astío ceijo no era puntual y faltaba muchas noches en cambio feliciano yolmedo iban con más frecuencia llevando ella una amiguita que acababa de salir de san juan de dios en las últimas semanas del 74 rubín volvió a sentir comezón de lecturas quería instruirse a todo transe labor inmensa y difícil por cadercer de base pues su padre con la idea de que al comerciante el estorba y latín no le permitió aprender más que las cuatro reglas y un poco de francés no tenía biblioteca y un amigo le proporcionaba libros fue a verle escogió los que más despertaron su curiosidad por los títulos y consagró a la lectura todo el tiempo que le dejaban libre el café y el sueño tantas ideas adquirió que se sentía con vivas ansias de volverlas por medio de la propaganda o predicaba o reventaba lástima grande no volver a la tertulia de perdernero para ponerle verde porque ella sabía lo bastante para pasarse a todos los teólogos por la nariz las lecturas de rubín fueron como un descubrimiento ya sospechaba él aquello pero no se atrevía a expresarlo el hallazgo era negativo es decir había descubierto que la mejor organización de los estados es la desorganización la mejor de las leyes la que anula todas y el único gobierno serio el que tiene por misión no gobernar nada dejando que las energías sociales se manifiesten como les da la gana la anarquía absoluta produce el orden verdadero el orden racional y propiamente humano las sociedades claro tienen sus edades como las personas hay sociedades que están mamando sociedades que andan a gatas sociedades pollas sociedades jóvenes y por fin las maduras y dueñas de si sociedades con barbas era una palabra y también con algunas canas tocante a religiones y prácticas sociales que de ellas se derivan Juan Pablo iba muy lejos pero muy lejos como que no le costaba nada el billete para tan largo viaje solo en la edad poril cuando a la sociedad se le cae la bava y vive bajo la férula del domine se comprende que exista y tenga prosélitos la institución llamada matrimonio unión perpetua de los sexos contraviniendo la ley de la naturaleza vamos a ver eso sí, por encima de toda la naturaleza estudiando bien la vida total el entendimiento se limpia de las telarañas que en él han tejido los siglos la naturaleza es la verdadera luz de las almas el verbo, el legítimo mesías no el que ha de venir sino el que está siempre viniendo ella se hizo a sí propia y en sus devoluciones eternas concibiendo y naciendo sin cesar es siempre hija y madre de sí misma ¿qué tal? Toma canela fina encontraba se mi hombre con fuerza dialéctica y entusiasmo bastantes para predicar y extender por todo el mundo aquellas verdades pero como no tenía más público que la tertulia del café con ese inocente auditorio tuvo que contentarse ¿y qué? ¿cuánto mejor no era sembrar la nueva doctrina en entendimientos sencillos y absolutamente incultivados? pues el mismo Jesucristo no escogió por discípulos a unos infelices pescadores de hombres rudos que no conocían ninguna letra y a mujeres de mala vida ven aquí por donde Doña Nieves y las placeras sus amigas Feliciana y la parroquiana de San Juan de Dios el camarero, el pianista fueron escogidos para que Juan Pablo sembrara en ellos la primera simiente de aquel evangelio al natural por espacio de muchas noches hizo propaganda acalorada a veces se tenía que incomodar porque le hacían observaciones estúpidas o socarronas como se expresaba muy bien oíanle todos con gran atención y las chicas del partido le ponían buenos ojos el mozo era el más entusiasmado y decía ¿qué pico tiene este señor de rubid? pasaba lo de la anarquía y aún lo del matrimonio pero en llegando a que todo es naturaleza reinaba gran confusión en el auditorio y Doña Nieves tomando el caso a broma pedía mayor claridad pero a ver don Juan Pablo explíquese mejor que eso de que todo seamos todo no lo calo yo bien lo primero hijas mías decía con unción el expósitor es limpiar el intelectus de errores adquiridos en la infancia de prejuicios y muletillas lo primero es querer entender no admito argumentos que no sean racionales y cuando nos morimos preguntó una de las samaritanas ¿qué pasa? hija, cuando nos morimos pasamos a sentirnos en el grandioso conjunto universal mía ésta pues qué querías tú seguir gozando y divirtiéndote por allá ¿y Dios? Dios francamente no me gusta por consideraciones que se deben a toda gran idea histórica no me gusta digo a hablar mal de él me concreto pues a negarle respetuosamente ¡ostra! ¡otra! ¿qué cosas se le ocurren? no es nada tampoco María Santísima con lo que sale usted ahora la misa es un rito uno de tantos ritos y lo mismo da oírla que no ¿y para qué son los funerales? otro rito la que no pueda o no sepa dar a la naturaleza lo que es de la naturaleza y a la historia lo que es de la historia que se calle no hay tal muerte hijas mías la que tenga oídos oiga morirse es cumplir una ley de armonía vaya a un lío que se arman ustedes una de las placeras que presentes estaba tenía muy abultado el seno en cierta ocasión estando confesándose le dijo el cura sea usted modesta en el vestir y no hago ostentación de esas naturalezas ¿qué señor? eso, la delantera por esto al oír hablar de naturaleza y de pecado creyó que se referían a aquellas partes que deben cubrir el recato y dijo escandalizada vaya unas conversaciones indecentes que sacan ustedes indecentes no hija lo que yo digo y sostengo manifestó una de las samaritanas tirando por la calle de enmedio es que este don Juan Pablo está guillado loco tal vez no pero fatigado si de sus inútiles esfuerzos y abriendo con martillo que ten aquellas cabezas de piedra lograría meter la luz de la verdad corriéndose al velador inmediato donde estaba cenando el ciego mandó al mozo que le pusiese allí su chocolate el ciego volvió hacia él sus ojos vacíos y muertos su cara que parecía un kinkés en encender y le dijo con profundísima tristeza pero es verdad don Juan Pablo lo que usted nos cuenta ¿lo cree usted así? o es que quiere entretenerse con nosotros ignorantes me ha llenado usted de dudas será verdad que cuando uno se muere se convierte en escarola Juan Pablo miró al ciego y se helaron en sus labios las palabras con que iba a espetarle nuevamente su cruel filosofía era rubín hombre de buen corazón y le pareció poco humano a aumentar las tinieblas de aquella triste y miserable vida pero al propio tiempo su conciencia no le permitía mentir lo que acababa de sostener la dignidad por delante estuvo luchando un rato entre la piedad y el deber y como el ciego volviese a preguntarle con insistente afán pero es cierto que al morir nos convertimos en berzas le replicó el apóstol le diré a usted hay opiniones no haga caso si no fuera por estas bromas ¿cómo se pasaba el rato? no siguieron estas conversaciones filosóficas porque sobrevino lo desagunto y este suceso absorbió la atención general en todos los cafés desde el más grande al más chico rubín estaba furioso y sostenía que el gobierno no tenía vergüenza sino fusilaba en el acto pero en el acto a martínez campos a jovellar y todos los demás que habían andado en aquel dio cuando sus amigos no le querían oír sobre este particular hablaba sólo desmentía categóricamente cuántas noticias llegaban al café todo era falso antes que el príncipe viniera habría un levantamiento general y los carlistas harían el último esfuerzo negaba que don alfonso hubiera llegado a marsella que se embarcase para barcelona en la navas de tolosa y viéndolo entrar en madrid habría de negar que estaba entre nosotros pero una noche después de largas ausencias hablaba al café y sentándose los dos aparte le dijo hombre, he visto a Jacinto Villalonga he hablado largamente con él ya sabe usted que es de la situación y muy amigo mío por supuesto no acepta la dirección que se le ha ofrecido porque prefieren dar suelto es uña y carne de romero robledo y voy a lo que iba le he hablado de usted de mí sí, es preciso colocarse usted no puede continuar así mire usted amigo Feijo dijo Rubín masticando las palabras para salir de aquel atolladero yo no puede admitir y el decoro de los hombres yo he profesado toda mi vida música, música yo soy de esos que hablan mal de una situación y luego van a quitarle motas al que antes desollaron música, música en fin, que yo agradezco pero no puede ser me ofendería señor, me ofendería de modo esclamó Feijo en voz alta abriendo los brazos y tomando un tono que no se podía decir si era de indignación o de burla de modo que ya no hay patriotismo otra patriotismo sí hay pero yo usted dará lo que yo le mande y tenemos credencial Rubín siguió toda la noche afectando mal humor una severidad torba el malestar de la persona y ponen un puñal al pecho para que consume un acto contrario a sus convicciones al retirarse a casa se comparaba con guamba y decía para su sayo como ha de ser paciencia tengo que ser alfonsino a la fuerza vaya un compromiso redios que compromiso fin de la sección tercera sección cuatro de Fortunata y Jacinta tercera parte de Benito Pérez Galdós esta grabación de LibriVox está en el dominio público capítulo dos la restauración vencedora parte a me ha contado Jacinta que una noche llegó a tal grado su irritación por causa de los celos de la curiosidad no satisfecha y de la forzada reserva que a punto estuvo de estallar y descubrirse haciendo pedazos la máscara de tranquilidad que ante sus suegro se ponía porque la peor de sus mortificaciones era tener que desempeñar el papel de mujer venturosa y verse obligada a contribuir con sus risitas a la felicidad de don Baldomero y doña Bárbara tragándose en silencio su amargura ya no le quedaba duda de que su marido entretenía como se dice ahora a una mujer y de estos entretenimientos no tenían ni siquiera sospecharos bienaventurados papás sabía que la tarasca que le robaba su marido era la misma con quien tuvo amores antes de casarse la madre del pituso muerto la condenada fortunata que le había dado tantas jaquecas deseaba verla pero no más valía que no la viera jamás porque si la veía de fijo se le iba el santo al cielo la noche a que Jacinta se refería contando estas cosas noche tristísima para ella y que se había adquirido recientemente noticias fidedignas de la infidelidad de su marido, hubo en la casa gran regocijo aquel día había entrado en Madrid el rey Alfonso XII y don Baldomero estaba con la restauración como chiquillo con zapatos nuevos Barbarita también reventaba de gozo y decía pero qué chico más salado y más simpático Jacinta tenía que entusiasmarse también a pesar de aquella procesión que se entró le andaba y poner cara de pascua a todos los que entraron felicitándose del suceso el marqués de Casa Muñoz oficiaba de Chambelán Palatino había tenido la dicha inmensa de estar en palacio formando parte de una de las comisiones y el rey habló con él contaba el caso del marqués haciendo notar bien el tono familiar con que se había expresado su majestad hola marqués cómo va nada, lo mismo que si me hubiera tratado toda la vida a Parísis os tuvo poco después que él había previsto todo lo que estaba pasando él no era partidario de la restauración pero había que respetar los hechos consumados don Baldomero no cesaba de exclamar veremos a ver si ahora qué diánches hacemos algo, si esta nación entra por el aro Jacinta se indignaba en su interior tenía un volcán en el pecho y la alegría de los demás la mortificaba por su gusto se hubiera echado a llorar en medio de la reunión más era leforzoso contenerse y sonreír cuando su suegro la miraba retorciendo en su corazón la cuerda con que así propia se ahogaba se decía pero a este buen señor qué le va ni le viene con el rey qué les importa yo estoy volada y aquí mismo me pondría dar chillidos si no te miras scandalizar esto es horrible don Alfonso era le antipático porque su imagen estaba asociada a la horrible pena que la infeliz sufría aquella mañana fue con barbarita a casa de Eulalia Muñoz que vivía en la calle mayor a ver la entrada del rey Amalia Trujillo la tomó por su cuenta y la estuvo adulando antes de darle el gran susto allávanse las dos solas en el balcón de la Alcova de Eulalia los clarines anunciando la proximidad del rey cuando Amalia le soltó el pistoletazo tu marido entretiene a una mujer a una tal fortunata guapísima de pelo negro le ha puesto una casa muy lujosa calle tal número tantos en Madrid lo sabe todo el mundo y conviene que tú también lo sepas que doce yerta cierto que sospechaba pero la noticia dada así con tales detalles como el pelo negro, el número de la casa era un jicarazo tremendo desde aquel haciago instante ya no se enteró de lo que en la calle ocurría el rey pasó y Jacinta le vio confusa y vagamente entre la agitación de la multitud y el tururu de tantas cornetas y música vio que se agitaban pañuelos y bien pudo suceder que ella agitara el suyo sin saber lo que hacía todo el resto del día estuvo como una sonámbula entró Guillermina que también hubo de llevar sus notas de alegría al concierto general ya era tiempo dijo antes de meterse en el rincón en que solía estar no aguardo sino a que descanse del viaje para ir a echarle el toro me tiene que dar para concluir el piso bajo y lo hará porque le hemos traído una convicción que favorezca la beneficiencia y la religión Dios le conserve Jacinta la siguió al gabinete próximo y allí estuvieron las dos de Cháchara por espacio de una hora larga Guillermina decía paciencia hija paciencia y todo se arreglará yo te lo prometo ya cerca de las 12 entró Juan y su mujer le miró con severidad sin decirle nada por refer pensó como no te enmiendes pues no faltaba otra cosa y lo que es esta noche te como no me engatuzaras con tus salamerías Juan aunque bien hubiera querido contradecir los optimismos de su padre y amigos nos atrevió a ello porque el empuje de aquella opinión era demasiado fuerte para luchar con el hasta los últimos días del 74 había defendido la restauración y después de hecha encontró mal que la hicieran los militares y en esto fundó sus críticas del suceso consumado aquí siempre se han hecho las mudanzas de esa manera dijo el señor de Santa Cruz con patriarcal buena fe es nuestra manera de matar pulgas pues qué, querías tu que las cortes estás fresco después sostuvo el delfín con ejemplos de Francia Inglaterra que ninguna restauración había prevalecido más todos se negaron a seguirle por los vericuetos históricos don Valdomero sin meterse en dibujos dijo una cosa muy sensata producto de su observación de tanto tiempo yo no sé lo que sucederá dentro de veinte tengo cincuenta años en la sociedad española no se puede nunca fiar tan largo lo único que sabemos es que nuestro país padece alternativas o fiebres intermitentes de revolución y de paz en ciertos periodos todos deseamos que haya mucha autoridad ven Galeña pero nos cansamos de ella y todos queremos echar el pie fuera del plato vuelven los días de Jarana y ya estamos suspirando otra vez porque se acorte la cuerda así somos y así creo que seremos hasta que se afeiten las ranas es la condición humana así viven y se educan las sociedades dijo el delfín lo que a mí no me gusta es que esto se haga por otra vía que la de la ley pillo, tunante pensaba Jacinta comiéndose las palabras y con las palabras la gel que se le quería salir que sabes tu lo que es ley farzante, de mago un arquista como se hace el purito quien no te conoce cuando se retiraron a su alcova Jacinta se esforzaba en aumentar su furor quería cultivarlo o alimentarlo como se alimenta una llama arrojando en ella más combustible esta noche me lo como quisiera estar más furiosa de lo que estoy para no dejarme engolosinar y esto que lo estoy bastante pero aún me vendía bien un poquito más de ira es un falso hipócrita y si no le aborrezco no tengo perdón de Dios en esto sintió que Juan la abrazaba por la cintura quítate, déjame grito a ella estoy muy incomodada pero no ves que estoy muy incomodada Juan la avió temblorosa y sin poder respirar perdone usted señora replicó bromeando Jacinta tuvo ya en la punta de la lengua el lo sé todo pero se acordó de que noches antes su marido y ella se habían reído mucho de esta frase observándola de la vida en todas las comedias de intriga la irritada esposa creyó más del caso decir te aborreceré ya te estoy aborreciendo Santa Cruz que estaba de buenas, repitió con buena sombra otra frase de las comedias ahora lo comprendo todo pero la verdad chica es que no comprendo nada turbada en sus propósitos de pelea por el buen genio y los cariñosos modos que el perfido atraía aquella noche Jacinta rompió a llorar como un niño Juan le hizo muchas caricias besos por aquí y allí en el cuello y en las manos en las orejas y en la coronilla besos en un codo y en la barba acompañados del lenguaje más finamente tierno que se podría imaginar no aguanto más no puedo aguantar más era lo único que ella decía con angustioso hipo mojándole a él la cara y las manos de tanta lágrima no podía tener consuelo todo aquel llanto era el disimulo de tantísimos días sospechar callando, sentirse herida y no poder decir ni siquiera ay esto es horrible, esto es espantoso no hay mujer más desgraciada que yo y lo que es ahora te aborreceré de veras porque yo no puedo querer a alguien que no me quiere te quería más que a mi vida a los hombres hay que tratarlos sin consideración ya no más, ya no más estoy volada y lo que es esta no te la perdono digo que no te la perdono algún trabajo le costó a santa cruz que su mujer repitiese lo que le había dicho una amiga aquella mañana y cuando él lo negaba la ofendida esposa que sentía en su alma la convicción profundísima de la autenticidad del hecho y irritabase más no lo niegues no me lo niegues pues yo sé que es cierto hace tiempo que te lo he conocido en qué en muchas cosas dime las indicó él poniéndose serio si siempre has de negarlo pero no, no me engañas más si no pienso engañarte lo que Amalia me ha dicho afirmó Jacinta con su vita ira llena de dignidad poniéndose en pie y afianzando con un gesto admirable su aseveración es verdad yo digo que es verdad y basta grave y mirándola a los ojos el anarquista replicó en tono muy seguro bueno pues es verdad yo te declaro que es verdad que doce Jacinta como una estatua y al fin volviendo la espalda a su marido hizo una demanda de salir él la cogió por una mano y quiso abrazarla ella no se dejó en medio del estrujón frustrado solo pudo articular la esposa muy vagamente estas palabras me voy lo que más la irritaba era que el tunante, después de lo que había dicho tuviera todavía humor de bromas y pusiera aquella cara de pijín como si se tratara de una cosa de juego porque se sonreía y tranquilo en apariencia dijole en tono de seriedad cómica señora acuestes y usted yo se lo mando a usted acuestes y usted al momento no le fue a ella posible entonces librarse de un abrazo apretado y en aquel segundo estrujón oyó estas cariñosas palabras no vale más que nos expliquemos como buenos amigos hijita de mi alma si ten furruñas no llegaremos a entendernos jafinta fue bruscamente desarmada que doce como el combatiente de los cuentos de niños a quien por obra de magia se le convierte la espada en alfiler y el escudo en dedal el delfín había entrado desde los últimos días del 74 en aquel período sedante que seguía infaliblemente a sus desvaríos en realidad no era aquello virtud sino cansancia del pecado no era el sentimiento puro y regular del orden sino el astío de la revolución verificabase en él lo que don baldomero había dicho del país que padecía fiebres alternativas de libertad y de paz a los dos meses de una de las más graves distracciones de su vida su mujer empezaba a gustarle lo mismito que si fuera la mujer de otro la bondad de ella favorcía este movimiento centrípeto que se había determinado por quinta o sexta vez desde que estaban casados ya en otras ocasiones pudo creer jacinta que la vuelta a los deberes con yugales sería definitiva pero se equivocó porque el delfín que tenía en el cuerpo el demonio malo de la variedad cansaba ser de ser bueno y fiel y tornava a dejarse mover de la fuerza centrifuga más era tanta la alegría de la esposa al verle envendado que no pensaba que aquella enmienda fuera como un descanso para emprenderla después con más brío por esos mundos de Dios también esto lo concordaba con un pensamiento de don baldomero que decía cuando el país remite y fortalece con su opinión la autoridad no es que ame verdaderamente el orden y la ley sino que se pone en cura y hace sangre para saciar después con mejor gusto el apetito de las trifulcas quedó como he dicho tan desarmada jacinta que no podía ser más pero creyendo que su dignidad le ordenaba seguir muy colérica dijo todas las palabras necesarias para mostrarlo por ejemplo me acostaré o no me acostaré según me acomode a ti que te importa si no parece sino que conmigo no se juega estamos pues que se ha figurado este tonto hemos concluido te digo que hemos concluido bien me acuesto porque quiero no porque tú me lo mandes vaya poco después se oía en la alcoba a lo siguiente que te estés quieto no vayas a creerte que ahora te voy a perdonar no si no me engatusas ni hay tilín que valga ya van 15 y raya no están los tiempos para perdones caballerito hace el favor te digo no quiero verte no quiero irte ni me importa que me quieras o no si me quieres rabia y rabia mejor yo me reiré viendo te padecer con que lo dicho déjame en paz que tengo un sueño espantoso no ves como se me cierran los ojos y era mentira lejos de tener ganas de dormir estaba muy despabilada y nerviosa tú no tienes sueño a que no lo tienes le decía a que te despabilo y te pongo como un lucero a que no como contándote toda la verdad de lo que te dijo amalia haciendo una confesión general para que veas que no soy tan malo como crees ah si ven ven hijito exclamó ella alargando sus brazos desnudos confiésame todo pero con nobleza nada de comedias porque tú eras muy comiquito gracias que yo te conozco las marrullerías y algunas bolas me trago pero otras no de veras que vas a contármelo todo la idea de perdonar electricizaba a Jacinta poniéndola tan nerviosa que echaba chispas no cabía en si de inquietud pensando en lo grande del perdón que tenía que dar en pago de lo enorme de la sinceridad que se le ofrecía y su zozobra era tal que por poco se echa de la cama cuando Juan se apartó de ella para ir hacia la suya pero qué pensó se arrepiente ese turno de lo que ha dicho es que no quiere contarme nada abur hombre dijo ella en alta voz con despecho si vuelvo si voy allá enseguida mi mujer gasta un genio muy vivo es que si cuentas cuentas pronto para dormirme no estoy yo aquí esperando a que el señorito le dé la gana de tenerme en vela toda la noche calles y usted sotía diciendo esto volvió hacia ella sentándose en el lecho y haciéndole mil ternezas ah esto está perdido murmuroja cinta en los respiros que las caricias de su marido le dejaban ahogándola mira está te quieto y no me sofoques la gana de bromas vamos al caso niñita mía para que yo te cuente lo que deseas saber es preciso que tú me cuentes antes a mi otra cosa dices que tú sospechabas esto que ha pasado mejor que lo adivinabas en qué te fundabas tú para adivinarlo que observaste y que supiste ay con lo que me sale ahora este bobo crees que una mujer celosa necesita ver nada lo calcula y no se equivoca se lo dice el corazón el corazón no dice nada eso es una frase cuando te vuelves faltón la menor palabra cualquier gesto tuyo me sirven para leerte los pensamientos y te parece que es poco dato el ver como me tratas a mí hasta la manera de entrar aquí es un dato hasta una ternura una palabra cariñosa te venden porque al punto se ve que son sobras traídas aquí por deber y para cubrir el expediente palabras y caricias vienen muy usadas ¿cuánto sabes? más sabes tú no, no, más sé yo en la desgracia se aprende muchas veces me callo por no escandalizar pero por dentro siento algo que me está rayando así, así muele que te muele pues tengo yo un olfato cuando estás faltoncito si no lo conociera por otra cosa lo conocería por el perfume que traes algunas veces en la ropa otro dato una noche traías en el pañuelo de seda del cuello ¿qué crees? pues un cabello negro grande lo saqué con las puntas de los dedos y lo estuve mirando me daba tanto asco como si me lo hubiera encontrado en la sopa ¿no chiste? otra noche dijiste en sueños palabras de las que se dicen cuando un hombre se pega con otro yo me asusté fue aquella noche que entraste muy nervioso y con un dolor en el brazo tuve que ponerte arnica me contaste que viniendo no sé por dónde te salió un borracho y tuviste que andar a trompazos con él traías tierra en la americana azul toda la noche estuviste muy inquieto ¿no te acuerdas? me acuerdo, sí dijo el delfín renovando en su mente el lance con maximiliano pues verás otra noche cuando te desnudabas pring cayó al suelo un botón vino saltando hasta cerca de mi cama parecía que me miraba era de níquel labrado con muchos garabatos cuando te dormiste me eché de la cama y lo cogí era un botón de mujer de los que se usan ahora en las chaquetillas lo tengo guardado estas signonimias se guardan para en su día sacarlas y decir me negarás esto y tú siempre tan comediante yo pasaba unas fatigas pero nunca quise rebajarme al espionaje se me ocurrió preguntar al cochero con una buena propinilla Manuel no me habría ocultado lo que supiera pero por respeto a ti y a mí misma y a la familia no hice nada contarle a tu mamá mis sospechas ¿para qué? para disgustarlas sin ventaja ninguna y yermina con quien únicamente me clareaba decía me siempre paciencia hija paciencia y por fin llegaba yo a tenerla y el molinillo que me daba vueltas en el corazón molía haciéndome lo polvo y yo aguanta que te aguanta siempre callada poniendo cara de pascua y tragando yel esta mañana cuando Amalia me dijo lo que me dijo toda la sangre se me hizo como un veneno y me propuse aborrecerte pero aborrecerte en toda regla no creas y no perdonarte aunque te me pusieras delante de rodillas pero una están débil si merecemos todo lo que nos pasa es la mayor desgracia ser así tan simplona como que estamos a merced de esas secuestradoras que de tiempo en tiempo nos prestan a nuestros propios maridos para que no alborotemos fin de la sección 4 sección 5 de Fortunata y Jacinta tercera parte de Benito Pérez Galdós esta grabación de LibriVox está en el dominio público capítulo 2 la restauración vencedora parte B esta última queja puso al señorito de Santa Cruz un tanto pensativo y desconcertado no desconocía en la situación poco aerosa en que estaba ante Jacinta cuya grandeza moral se elevaba ante sus ojos para darle la medida de su pequeñez era muy soberbio y el amor propio descollaba en él sobre la conciencia y sobre los sentimientos todos de manera que nada le molestaba tanto como verse y reconocerse inferior a su mujer cuando, media hora antes prometió confesar sus faltas hizo lo movido de orgullo para engalanarse con la sinceridad a la manera del fatuo que se da tono con una cruz la confesión de la culpa en noblece siempre y como demasiado sabía él que todo lo noble hallaba eco en el gran corazón de Jacinta se dijo aquí me viene bien un rasgo pero el momento de la confesión se acercaba y el pecador estaba algo confuso sin saber cómo iba a salir de ella lo que él quería era quedar bien remontarse hasta su mujer y superarla si era posible presentando sus faltas como méritos y retocando toda la historia de modo que parecía ese blanco y hasta noble lo que con los datos sueltos del botón y el cabello era negro y deshonroso no tenía que calentarse mucho los sesos para salir del paso porque para tales escamoteos tenía su entendimiento una aptitud particular su imaginación despiertísima se pintaba sola para hacer pasar de un cubilete a otro las ideas lo que él no podía sufrir era que se le tuviese por hombre vulgar por uno de tantos hasta las acciones más triviales y comunes si eran suyas quería que pasasen por actos deliberadamente admirables y que nada se parecían a lo que hace todo el mundo rápidamente con aquella presteza de juicio del artista improvisador hizo su composición ya te van las confidencias Jacinta se había de quedar tamañita ya vería ella que marido tenía que ser superior que persona tan extraordinaria hay una moral gruesa la que comprende todo el mundo incluso los niños y las mujeres hay otra moral fina exquisita inapreciable para el vulgo es la que solo pueden gustar los paladres muy sensibles vamos allá preparémonos a oír tus papás dijo ella de todo lo que has dicho parece deducirse que yo soy un miserable un cualquiera uno de tantos pues ahora lo veremos he guardado reserva contigo porque creí que no me comprenderías veremos si me comprendes ahora es cierto que hace dos meses me encontré otra vez a hace el favor de no nombrarla suplicó Jacinta con viveza ese nombre me hace el efecto de la picadura de una víbora bueno pues voy al grano encontréme la casada casada sí, con un simple la metieron en un convento la casaron después como por sorpresa chica una historia de intrigas violencias y atrocidades que horroriza pobre mujer exclamó ella respondiendo al intento de juan que empezaba por hacer a la otra digna de lástima pero bien merecido le está por su mala conducta espérate un poco hija mujer tan desgraciada no creo que haya nacido ni más mala tampoco sobre eso hay mucho que decir no es mandar lo que hay en ella es falta de ideas morales si no ha visto nunca más que malos ejemplos si ha vivido siempre contundantes yo pongo en su lugar a la mujer más perfecta a ver lo que hacía no, no es lo que crees digo más, sería muy buena si la dirigieran al bien pero hace cargo después de andar de mano en mano este la coge, este la suelta la casan con un hombre que no es hombre con un hombre que no puede ser marido de nadie Jacinta abrió la boca tan grande era su pasmo y ese majadero la martilizaba de tal modo una heredidad de matrimonio que la infeliz, preferiendo la libertad en la ignonimía a una esclavitud insoportable se escapa de la casa y se echa otra vez a la calle como en sus peores tiempos en esto me encuentra y me pide amparo Jacinta no había cerrado todavía a la boca en tal situación prosiguió Juan hallándose ya en plena posesión de su tesis y con los cubiletes en la mano yo te planteo el problema a ti vamos a ver figurate que eres hombre figurate que te encuentras delante de aquella infeliz mujer que te pides o corro una defensa contra la miseria y la deshonra y al verla delante tu te reconoces autor de todas sus desdichas porque tu la perdiste porque de ti le vienen todos sus males yo quiero que me digas con lealtad que harías que harías tu en ese transe pero cierra ya esa boca bastalla de asombro y contestame pues yo, que haría echar mano al bolsillo darle cuatro o cinco duros y marcharme a mi casa esa fue mi primera idea pero ciertas deudas señora mía dijo santa cruz triunfante no se saltan con cuatro ni con cinco duros pues mil, dos mil cien mil reales vamos tampoco yo pensé que debía poner a aquella infeliz en camino de adquirir una posición decente y estable buscarle un marido no podía ser estaba ya casada procurarle una manera de vivir con independencia yo enradez esto es muy difícil no tiene educación no sabe trabajar en nada que produzca dinero no hay para ella más recurso que comer de su belleza pero en esto mismo hay distintos grados de ignonimia no empieces a hacerte cruces hija las cosas hay que tomarlas como son otra cosa es empeñarse en sostener una filosofía cursi yo le dije bueno pues te pongo una casa y arreglatelas como puedas no, si no es para que me hagas tantas cruces lo repito hay que ponerse en la realidad niñita no mires esto con ojos de mujer ponte en mi caso figurate que eres hombre estoy asombrada de la vuelta que le das a tus caprichos y de lo bien que te las compones para hacer pasar por protección desinteresada lo que en realidad es amor que tenías o tienes a esa maldita pues a eso voy ahora aquí te quiero ver atención, yo te juro que no despertaba en mi ni el amor más insignificante ni tan siquiera un capricho de momento no hay ejemplo de una frialdad como la que yo sentía ante ella bien, me lo puedes creer no solo no me inspira pasión que hasta más repugnaba eso, dijo la esposa que te lo crea otro, que lo que es yo que tonta eres tu incredulidad nace de la idea equivocada que tienes de esa mujer te la has figurado como un monstruo de seducciones como una de esas que sin tener pizca de educación y ningún atractivo moral poseen un sinfín de artimañas para enloquecer a los hombres y esclavizarles volviéndoles estúpidos esta casta de perdidas que en Francia tanto abunda como subiera allí a escuela para formarlas apenas existen España donde son contadas todavía se entiende porque yo al fin tiene que venir como han venido los ferrocarriles pues digo que fortunata no es de esas no poseen más educación que la carabonita por lo demás es sosa, vulgar no se le ocurre ninguna picardía de las que trastornan a los hombres y en cuanto a formas no hablo del cuerpo y talle sigue tan tosca como cuando la conocí no aprende no se le pega nada y como para todos se necesita talento una especialidad de talento resulta que ese infeliz que tanto te da que pensar nos sirve absolutamente para diablo, me entiendes si todas fueran como ella apenas sabría escándalos en el mundo y los matrimonios vivirían en paz y tendríamos muchísima moralidad en una palabra chiquilla no hay en ella complexión viciosa tiene todo el corte de mujer honrada nació para la vida oscura para hacer calceta y cuidar muchachos al llegar aquí, Juan se asustó creyendo que se le había ido un poco la lengua y cayó en la cuenta de que si fortunata era como él decía si no tenía complexión viciosa mayor, mucho mayor era la responsabilidad de él por haberla perdido Jacinta hubo de pensar esto mismo y no tardó en manifestárselo pero el preste digitador acudió a defender la suerte con la presteza de su flexible ingenio es verdad le dijo y esto aumentaba mis remordimientos no tenía más remedio que hacer en obsequio suyo lo que no habría hecho por otra ponte tú en mi caso figúrate que eres yo y que te ha pasado todo lo que me ha pasado a mí puedes hacerte cargo de mi tormento y de lo que yo sufriría teniendo que considerar y proteger por escúrpulo de conciencia a una mujer que no me inspira ningún afecto ninguno y que últimamente me inspiraba antipatía porque fortunata, créelo como el evangelio es de tal condición que el hombre más enamorado no la resiste un mes al mes todos se rinden es decir, echan a correr Jacinta había empezado a dar pataditas haciendo saltar el edredón que a los pies tenía era su manera de expresar la alegría bulliciosa cuando estaba acostada porque siendo verdad lo que Juan decía la temida rival era como los espantajos puestos en el campo de los cuales se ríen hasta los pájaros cuando los examinan de cerca pero aún le quedaba una duda era aquello verdad o no para mentira estaba demasiado bien y ladito y ella te quiere todavía preguntó con la picardía de un juez de instrucción el esposo se hizo repetir la pregunta sin otro objeto que retrasar la respuesta que debía ser muy pensada pues te diré que sí, tiene esa debilidad otras mujeres las de complexión viciosa son en sus pasiones tan vehemente como inconstantes pronto olvidan al que adoraron y cambian de ilusión como de moda no, esta no repitió Jacinta asustada de ver a su enemiga tan distinta de como ella se la figuraba no, ha dado en la tontería de creerme siempre lo mismo como antes, como la primera vez aquí tienes otra cosa que me anonada que me obliga a ser indulgente ponte en mi lugar a Arija porque si yo viera que coqueteaba con otros hombres, anda con Dios pero si no hay quien la apede una fidelidad que no viene al caso fiel a mí, a santo de qué te aseguro que me ha hecho cabilar más esa sozona ha pasado por tantas manos y siempre fiel, consecuente como un clavo que se está donde le clavan ni el deshonor, ni el matrimonio la han curado de esta manía no te parece a ti que es manía a Jacinta le acudieron tantas ideas a la mente que no sabía con cual quedarse y estaba perpleja y muda hay tantos esclamos santa cruz en el tono que se da a las cosas muy filosóficas hay tantos a quienes hacen felices la inconstancia de las mujeres y a mí me hace padecer una fidelidad que no solicito que no me hace falta, que no me importa para nada Jacinta dio un gran suspiro pero al tener conciencia el tener un sentido moral muy elevado añadió el delfín dominando la suerte como lo tengo yo me ha puesto en una situación equivocada frente a ti yo necesitaba darte explicaciones ya te las he dado y por ellas habrás visto que no se debe juzgar los actos de los hombres por lo que parece sino que es preciso ir al fondo hija al fondo de las cosas con que te vas enterando a lo mejor se lleva uno a cada chasco cuantas veces pensamos mal de un sujeto fundándonos en ablillas del bulgo o en cualquier dato inseguro un pelo, un botón y después de mirar bien el hecho que resulta que no basta para muestra un botón que el que se cuelga de un cabello se cae en una palabra niña mía que lo aparentemente deshonroso puede no serlo y que en la realidad en vez de arrojar vergüenza sobre el sujeto lo que hace es enaltecerlo y quizás honrarle poco a poco dijo la esposo aprontamente que para mí sigue siendo turbio me parece que en todo lo que has dicho hay demasiada composición no me fío yo, no me fío porque para fabricar estos arcos triunfales de frases y entrar por ellos dándote mucho tono te pintas tú solo lo cierto es que le has puesto la casa la has visitado y te has divertido en grande con ella vaya una conciencia a la tuya vaya una manera de pagarle su fidelidad tirando por el suelo la que me debes a mí no es camote es la verdad esa mujer es una abribona y tú serías un simple si no fueras también un solemnísimo pillo pareciste un poco o camarita replicó santa cruz algo desconcertado qué palabras usaré yo para pintarte la situación en que me encontraba es que el caso es de los más raros que se puede ofrecer para que veas que soy sincero y leal te diré que hubo en mí algo de flaqueza que nacía de la compasión no tuve valor para resistir a las como diré a las sugestiones apasionadas de quien tiene por mí una idolatría que no merezco pero te juro que lo hice sin ilusión con fastidio como el que cumple un deber pensando en mi mujer viéndote a ti más que a la que tan cerca tenía y deseando que aquella comedia concluyera ambos estuvieron callados un mediano rato creía jacinta aquellas cosas o aparentaba creerlas como sancho las bolas que don quijote le contó de la cueva de montesinos lo último que juan dijo fue esto ahora juzga tú como te parezca bien lo que acabo de confesarte y compára lo bueno que hay en ello con lo malo que habrá también yo me entrego a ti romper romper para siempre toda clase de relaciones con esa calamidad es lo que importa manifestó la delfina inquietísima dando vueltas en el lecho que no la veas más que ni siquiera la salud de si te la encuentras por la calle qué mujer es mi pesadilla da por hecho el rompimiento pero definitivo absoluto lo deseo tanto como tú me lo puedes creer lo decía con tal expresión de ingenuidad que jacinta sintió grande alegría si hija no aguanto más que se vaya con su constancia a los quintos infiernos y si da en perseguirte seré capaz hasta de recurrir a la policía de modo que no vuelves más a esa casa di que no vuelves dime que no la quieres va, demasiado lo sabes no volveré más que a despedirme no escribele una carta de pedidas cara a cara, no son buenas para romper haré lo que tú quieras lo que tú mandes, niñita de mi alma monísima, más salada que el terrón de los mares fin de la sección 5
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"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y28-hPPsbAw",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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The DBZ Game We Never Got
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A lot of people said they wanted this but sadly this is the DBZ Game We Never Got. Dragonball Z Raging blast 1 and 2 were a ton of fun back in the day which is exactly why today we are trying out the game with new dragonball stuff added in the modern age Like ultra instinct goku and Super saiyan blue vegeta! Its basically Dragonball Raging blast 3!
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High rank dragonball fighterz and high rank dbfz!
#Dragonball #DBZ
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] | 2022-05-01T22:00:19 | 2024-04-22T17:51:31 | 820 |
y2rQLpAdxpk
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We have played a ton of old Dragon Ball games here on the channel, and one that a lot of people loved was Dragon Ball Z Raging Blast 2. Again, though, this is another series that never got an update after all of the new Dragon Ball stuff came out, so what would Raging Blast 2 look like if it had modern Dragon Ball characters? Well, it would probably look exactly like these Dragon Ball Super inspired mods, which of course, once I saw, I knew I had to try out within the actual game itself. Yo, let me finish. Let me finish this. Oh, come on, man. I'm gonna finish it. Bro, you ain't finishing anything, bro. Yo, the video is starting, Nano. Where you at, bro? Oh, no. Here we are with the 25th annual Budak... Well, they're not annual. They're like quad annual. What's the quadratic annual? They're like every four years, right? Nano, you installed all these mods and invite them here just so I could do this to you in your own home, huh? Anyway, guess which one I powered up into? Raging Blast 3 is here, bro. Bro, yeah, we are. Woo! Damn, I just... Okay. Why'd you like sail away on my screen? I don't know, actually. That's a really good question. I don't know why that made me laugh so bad. It's just like Vegeta... Oh, Super Saiyan God? A nice choice, a nice choice. A damn shame it doesn't matter, I guess, man. Can you stop? Oh, you're using tournament of power logic. I get you. Yeah, I'm faster this way, Nano. Wait, Meteor Impact. Come on, man. I'm just teasing you. I would never hit you with a full Meteor Impact. Oh, I didn't know you could block that. Why you flipped me around like that, bro? I can't guard like that. Shut up. Oh, flip him around. Flip him around. Oh, you're lucky I hit the wrong button. But I flipped him around again. What is this? I was blocking that. I'm just kidding. I would never hit you with the full Meteor Impact, bro. I would never hit you with the full Meteor Impact. Bro, I'm serious. I would never hit you with that. Whoa, what are you possibly going into now? You've never seen this before. Evolution? You got Blue Evolution? I'm just kidding. I saw your video, bro. We all saw the video on youtube.com.nano.genics. But, oh my God, look at how cool he looks. Raging Blast is a beautiful looking game. So beautiful. In fact, I got to run that back. Some might say it looks better than... Don't say it, Nino. Don't say it, bro. Don't say it, Nino. Don't say it. Don't say it, bro. Dragon Ball's universe 2. Oh, and you've done it. And you've done it. Look at those dislikes going up, bro. Oh, my God. Everyone agrees this is the better game, bro. Oh, my God. Stop. Nino, cut, cut, cut, bro. No, I didn't say Dragon Ball Fighters. We all know that's the best game. Come on, man. Cut back. Cut back in to hear that. Oh, never mind. What are you going to now? The classic. God again? You know what? Let me meet you at... Oh, sorry. Sorry. That was really ignorant of me. If you want to be God, let's be gods together. Y'all are looking kind of nice. Not to spoil the manga, but do you remember that one time? Why are you spoiling manga, bro? Why, bro? Fight me from the front, bro. Yo, but you really blowed my back out for real. Sometimes you got to take it from the back, bro. What are you talking about? What are we talking about? You know, it's just best if you save it there. There you go, bro. That's how I like my fighting. Nice and vanilla. Come here. Oh, did you see that? Come on, you ruined it. You're a little bit bragging. No, so sick. You sounded so angry. You ruined it. I didn't ruin anything. Come here. Sit down. Just a hot manga cannon, bro. I've never seen Goku do that in my life. Oh, meteor smash? Wait, that's different than... Is that not possible in the same move we already saw? Again, bro? Bro, I'm out here. OK, I'm here to win. What are you doing? Nothing. What are you doing? I'm literally already behind you. Embarrassing. Oh, my God. That was so much reading. You know, any buttons I had to click do this? Bro, that was a ridiculous amount of reading. Don't do it, Nino. Don't do it. Don't do it, Nino. Don't do it. Now you feel free to do it. Yeah. Are you dare challenge a god, Nino? I know. You dare challenge a god, Nino? No, no. Oh, my God. No, I'm a Super Saiyan. Oh, no. Dotto, watch this, bro. Can you do this? No, I'm raging now. Can you do this, bro? Huh? No, I can't. Whatever you're doing, it doesn't matter. I'm literally raging. Does it not? Can you take this one, Dotto? Dang it. It's called Skill, Nino. I'll simply not get hit by it. Whoa! Damn, I gave him the old... I gave him the old... Why are you... You just tried to run away. You know, I thought I was pressing the block button and I guess I wasn't. No, you weren't. And now you're dealing with a real Super Saiyan. Damn, it's over. Goku just saying it like it is. Nino, can we do one more match? But can I go all out? Is that OK with you? Oh, did you see that? Did you see that, Nino? Yeah, that was sick. Was this a bad time to eat a Kain bar? Yes, it is, bro. We're mid... Are we recording a YouTube video? We were a mid-minigame, bro. Bro, wait, you're eating... First of all, you're also placing products in my video. This is... My bad. You're sponsoring yourself, bro. The video is not even sponsored. I'm making $0.00 and 0 cents. And you know what? You get what you deserve. Oh, wait. Nino, you told me you hadn't put a... What's up? Nothing, it just seems I'm struggling to find... I can't find UI. Oh my God, why'd you hit me so hard? The ground broke. It's because you haven't unlocked that ability yet, Nino. You must pay me $9.99 in order to be able to do that. $9.99? $9.99, Nino. Goddamn, bro. I didn't know you... Oh, I have no respect for whoever made this field because I am just destroying it. The hitbox! Ruff! What hitbox? What hitbox? That's what I'm saying. Oh, oh, my piece. I swear I'm pressing the block button and it just doesn't do anything, you know? You might want to look into that. You know, I'm just... I'm sitting here, I'm mashing block and mashing block and it's just like, oh, you wanted the block, huh? Guess what? Here's a fist instead. Where you are getting... Ha-ha! Fight a mag! Ha-ha! We're having a little fisticus match in there. We are, dude. We are, I'm pretty over it. It's a damn shame it had to end like that. You're alive? Hold on, I got something for you. Do you? Yeah. What do you got for me? What do you got for me? Let's see. What do you mean, what? Neto, don't be... Don't sound too excited to... First of all... Whoa, whoa, whoa! I almost... I'm a super saiyan again... Oh, follow me. Wildsense? I saw you activate that. What's up? I saw you activate Wildsense. Does that not... Ha-ha-ha-ha-ha! You wild... Ha-ha-ha-ha-ha! You Wildsense thing I hit. Neto, here, bro, take my credit card, bro. Give me $9.99. Just drop some G Fuel on my mouse. Ha-ha-ha-ha! G Fuel TM. Code, Neto. All right, um... If you're going to use the ultimate being... So will I. Hotchie, who is that? How are you going to put costume to... I don't know if it matters. Neto, you don't have it. Did you put a secret mod in the game? You're doing a Neto bit right now. If I see another character, I'm pissed. Ha-ha-ha-ha-ha! You're about to wit-wit. You're about to wit-wit this is my ultimate form. Look at me! Bro, this is spoilers for Superhero. That's what Cell's going to look like. Whoa! I'm sorry. Daryl, you're really making a name for yourself, and it's not a good one. Well, Neto, I didn't want to admit it, Neto, but you're the guy that hacked Toei. Are you not? Toei, get him. Whoa, hey, hey, hey. Ha-ha-ha-ha! It's not done, you know. You know they take that serious, too. Yeah, yeah, yeah, that's what I'm saying. I'm glad you think that is so funny, bro. Bro, it is funny. You know what else is funny? That pathetic attempt of a beam. You're not dealing with the app. What are you doing? I'm not actually sure. Ha-ha-ha-ha! Did you hit me there? Yeah, of course I could have hit you there. You were stating still. Hey, wait, is this character to Cell? It's time. Let's see it. You are. What is that? All right, maybe you guys not enough for Hachi-ek. Oh my god, he headbutt me, bro. This is going to be Cell when he's like, he's going to come out of the little pod, but he's not going to be like all the way done, so he won't have his intelligence, and this is going to be him. He's going to be like an enraged monster, spoilers. Ugh! Donna read the documents, bro. Well, of course, you shared them with me. Now, my god. Oh my god. Ha-ha-ha! Super coming out. Oh my god, look at this. Nato, you're not winning. Give up now. Am I not? Give up now. Don't embarrass yourself, man. What do you think? Are we going to clash this? That's what you... Nato, you should have never done this. Oh, that looks so sick. Bro, he's literally not even trying. Woo! What? Even though it was a tie, Nato? The truth is, you're just not as good as Ultra Instinct. Now, let me end this for you. Did I just... Did I really just rush to my death? Bind you. Bind you again. Ooh. That's it. You're done. Did I just come into this video to get bodied? Like, what is happening? Why are you only playing Goku? You literally have like... All right, Nato. I'll play somebody other than Goku. We could do that match, the Forbidden Match, and it loads fast. Your PS3 is crazy good, man. Thank you, bro. The Forbidden Match? Yeah, bro. Okay. No, no, no, not this one. You got the wrong guy? You got the wrong guy? Huh? You want to go to Vegeta? Oh, you're right! Yeah, yeah, yeah. Vegeta! You see the confusion there, though? Chiyo to Vegeta, you get it? Uh, yeah, I could probably see that. Anyway, you're selecting the map and honestly, whatever map you want, Nato. Ah, I don't know about that one. Ah, I don't know about that one. I don't know if random, like, really Nato is that what you're doing with your map selection? Oh, hey, the World Tournament stage. That's a great choice. Good job. That's probably what I would have picked. I hate it. Yo, bro, if I'm not here to defeat you, then why does this video have 20,000 likes on it right now, Nato? 20,000. That's it. I would think it leads 30. I just kept dodging it. You just kept swinging like it didn't matter, bro. Anyway, go blue. Why am I fighting you like this? Yeah, bro. You have it, right? I don't even need blue. What are you talking about? OK, maybe you're right. Maybe you're right, bro. Maybe you're right. Everyone knows gojita is the inferior fusion, all right? Is that what you're saying right now? That's yes. That's what they're saying right now in the comments section. They're like, dude, yeah, gojita is the inferior fusion. The gojito doesn't even need blue. Why did I kick flip over your head, then? Yeah, take your time getting over here, man. Just any slow. Woo! Oh, I'm going around and around. You can't even see. Oh my god, I'm kick flipping off his head. I'm embarrassing him. Oh my god. I'm using his head as a stepping stool. Damn, I'm pushing his saw spot in. OK. Hey, you like to sit like that. All right, fine. So you finally decided to show up for real, man. Whoa. What's wrong about this, Gatto? Come on, man. We're talking about it right now. Not like this, bro. Wait, wait, wait. Final flash. Sorry, I didn't know that was my move. I know what you're thinking, man. What are we thinking here, dawg? I know exactly what you're thinking. So go ahead, bro. You know what? You finish side. You powered yourself up. Why'd you do that? Oh, because you had plenty of time to dodge. Yeah, bro. I mean, you do literally three miles down the road. You're getting the key last three miles down the road. I could never hit you a key last from over here. But over here, I mean. What was that, Gatto? What was that, Nano? What was that, Gatto? What? I'm sorry, Gatto. How did you live? I lived. Backflip, bro. You didn't even touch me. What do you mean I lived? Oh, step into him. Oh, so we're having a little fisticust match to settle this. Oh, you broke my stamina. Oh, kickflip. Damn. Fight back. Come on, get me out of there, Fugito. Oh, well, that's a pathetic excuse for a B. Anyway, what? That's cheating. You almost died to a key last. Get him. Whoa. Oh, I mean, I try to make it easier for you too. Nano, what? Hold on, Nano. Wait, how much health do I have? Oh, I still have a whole bar. I'm good. Nano, what are you doing here, man? I knew there wasn't enough time for you to fight back, bro. I'll give you one more rematch, Nano. But that's all I can do, bro. Then the video's got to end. The video has to end at some point, Nano. The world tournament stage, Vegeta Blue versus Gojita Blue. Who would have thought in this day and age? Not me. Definitely not me as well. You know, I think I want to experience the combo system this game has to offer. Oh, how did you do that? What was that? Nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing, bro. Whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa. What was that, Nano? Damn. You got a hole in there, Nano. It's fine. I can recover. That's no big deal. Hey, speak in a hole. Oh, nope. Right in it all. Yoink, wink, pop, mink. Enjoy your trip, bro. Hold on. Where you going? Mink, mink, mink. Go ahead, bro. Enjoy your trip, man. Nano, been waiting for you. Mink, mink, mink. Go ahead, bro. Nano, just the man I've been waiting for. I'll recover and get out of there before you do that. Mink, mink, mink. Go ahead, Nano. Stop this. No. Mink, mink, mink. And Nano, Nano, it's really, really getting synthetic in the foot. Nano, just the guy I wanted to see. No, no, no, Nano, please. It was just a joke, Nano, a little bit, Nano. It was just a joke, bro. Can't you take a joke, man? Come on, man. Wait, finish line. Nano, I didn't think it was very funny, Nano. Well, I thought it was pretty funny, bro. You still have a lot of health. Must be nice having instant transmission like that. It is pretty nice. I'm not going to lie. What? Why did I instant transmission in front of you? That was a very smart gojita. What are you thinking over there? What are we doing? I don't know. You're scaring me. You're scaring me, bro. You thought that would work, man? It's kind of awkward, dude. Of course, I'm not going to let that work. Oh, no. Oh, yeah. You thought she was sweet, Nano. You thought I wouldn't just give you the hands. What? You just woke up. There's got to be a counter system, bro. There has to be. Bro, you can't just wake up with a super. You can't do that. Man. Man, that's crazy. What's so crazy about it? The video's over. Get out of here. Come on. You can't kick me out of my own video.
|
{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2rQLpAdxpk",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}
|
UC-yQpFb89u7qb-duWMZvoog
|
Mitosis 5- Metaphase
|
Part 5 (of 9) in a lecture on “Mitosis” for a non-majors General Biology course. Watch all 9 video clips by going to the PLAYLIST: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL5GRRRmaGVqVW0gNwBgeII4KJ3vUmSRMd
| null | 2023-07-25T09:00:41 | 2024-02-05T16:15:10 | 253 |
y2L3LHfDUtk
|
Okay, I'm going to be here in pro-metaphase and I'm going to ask you to predict what do you think is going to happen in metaphase, metaphase. Remember we were connecting our chromosomes, our double copied chromosomes, sister chromatids attached to each other. We're attaching them to our centrioles and the centrioles are migrating to the poles. Let's see what's happening in metaphase. Just right now, what's the first thing you notice? Dude, it's the thing that happens. It's how you know you're in metaphase. The chromosomes line up on the, it's called a metaphase plate, but it's the equator of the cell. Now the interesting thing is, prophase? Holy crap, there was like gobs and gobs of things that were taking place in prophase. Metaphase? We can have early metaphase and late metaphase. We can have late, late prophase or pro-metaphase just before metaphase. But metaphase is we've lined up. The chromosomes have lined up in the middle and they're all, how did they line up? Well they attach. How did they move? How'd they even get there? It was the spindle fibers attached to the centrioles that literally are jockeying around these chromosomes and getting everybody lined up on the metaphase plate. Metaphase is quite possibly the easiest stage to identify, to see in slides because it's just that one thing that's happening. Now I want you to think, I want you to predict again. We lined up our chromosomes along this, along the middle. Why? Why are we doing this? Why are we lining them all up in the middle? What do you think is gonna happen next? You percolate on that and meanwhile, let's go back and find, okay look I'm gonna make it big just and I know I wrote all over it but do you see anything in metaphase? Do you see anything where you're like what? Wait a minute like it kind of pops out doesn't it? I really do get super excited. Is this where you're looking? Dude, uh-huh. That's a cell. Here's another one. Do you agree? Look at how the DNA is all condensed and it's totally locked up in the middle. These are both metaphase. Metaphase is easy. I would argue that this is also metaphase. I'm looking, I'm looking, I would argue that this is metaphase. Do you agree? Okay, good job. Back to your original question. Your question, my question, my question that you need to answer. What happens next? If you had to predict our next phase is anaphase, that was a gigantic hint. What do you think is gonna happen in anaphase?
|
{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2L3LHfDUtk",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}
|
UC_TneqvSfh-KsIyZMlJjVsQ
|
Ukrainian drones hit a factory in Russia that produces steel for ballistic missiles
|
#Kanal13 #likekanal13 #subscribekanal13 #warinukraine
https://www.youtube.com/user/kanal13az?sub_confirmation=1 - SUBSCRIBE TO US!
On the night of February 24, an explosion and fire occurred in the Novolipetsk metallurgical plant in Lipetsk, Russia. This was reported by the Russian media.
According to information, the plant was attacked by kamikaze drones. The plant produces polymer-coated steel, rolled products for Russian defense industry enterprises that produce ballistic and cruise missiles. There is no information about the victims during the incident.
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Tags: #Ukriane, #Russia, #Putin, #Putler, #Russian invasion of Ukraine, #Zelenski, #Kiev, #Kyiv, #Kadirov army, #Kadirov, #Kherson, #Bucha, #Kharkiv, #Ukrainian pilots, #vagners, #Russian tanks, #NATO, #drones, #Moscow, #Kreml, #war victims #Ukraina, News, The Washington Post, waPo Video, Washington Post Video, Washington Post YouTube, a:politics, aid, biden, putin, s:Politics, support, t:Other, Ukraine, war, fact check, news coverage, Donald Trump, news, wp video, forbes, nytimes, newspaper, media, journalism, Ilham Aliyev, Baku, Azerbaijan, Israel, Gaza, Palestine, Tel-Aviv, Garabag, Karabakh, football, ronaldo, messi, brian tyler cohen
|
[
"Russia",
"Putin",
"Putler",
"Russian invasion of Ukraine",
"Zelenski",
"Kiev",
"Kyiv",
"Kadirov army",
"Kadirov",
"Kherson",
"Bucha",
"Kharkiv",
"Ukrainian pilots",
"vagners",
"Russian tanks",
"NATO",
"drones",
"Moscow",
"Kreml",
"war victims Ukraina",
"U.S. congress",
"U.S Senat",
"biden",
"trump",
"Donald Trump",
"US elections",
"Wray Over Agents' Abuses",
"Washington Post",
"nytimes",
"foreignpolicy",
"capitol hill",
"WaPo Videos",
"politics",
"latest news",
"Republican Speaker",
"US news",
"president elections U.S.",
"america elections",
"fake news politics",
"forbes"
] | 2024-02-24T08:51:05 | 2024-04-20T04:31:54 | 65 |
Y21UMW__720
|
Это бешевелотники! Ебать! Охуеть! Охуеть! Не знаем, что происходит. Было такой взрыв. Страсть. Хлопок только был, что стены задражали на S5. Представляете? И вот такой охотник. Всё горит. Непонятно что.
|
{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y21UMW__720",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}
|
UCwBK7Cdk0wq8rCjxcvaoHzg
|
LIVE | ପଶ୍ଚିମବଙ୍ଗର ଜଳପାଇଗୁଡିରେ ଏକ ସାଧାରଣ ସଭାରେ ପ୍ରଧାନମନ୍ତ୍ରୀ ମୋଦି | 07 Apr 2024 | Argus News Live
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LIVE | ପଶ୍ଚିମବଙ୍ଗର ଜଳପାଇଗୁଡିରେ ଏକ ସାଧାରଣ ସଭାରେ ପ୍ରଧାନମନ୍ତ୍ରୀ ମୋଦି | 07 Apr 2024 | Argus News Live
#ArgusNews #loksabhaelection2024 #narendramodi #pmmodi #westbengal #latestnews #bjp
Argus News is Odisha's fastest-growing news channel having its presence on satellite TV and various web platforms. Watch the latest news updates LIVE on matters related to education & employment, health & wellness, politics, sports, business, entertainment, and more. Argus News is setting new standards for journalism through its differentiated programming, philosophy, and tagline 'Satyara Sandhana'.
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|
[
"Argus News 24X7 Live Odia News",
"Live Odisha News",
"odisha news today",
"No.1 Odia News Channel",
"Argus News Live TV",
"odia news live",
"Live National News",
"Argus News Odisha",
"Orissa News",
"Argus live stream",
"Oriya News Live",
"ଓଡ଼ିଆ news",
"odisha news live",
"odia news live today",
"Dharmendra Pradhan",
"VK Pandian",
"Bobby Das",
"BJP News",
"BJD News",
"Political news",
"odia film news",
"Naveen patnaik",
"Aparajita Sarnagi"
] | 2024-04-07T22:06:53 | 2024-04-23T23:21:02 | 1,486 |
Y2NZSIuEY5I
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पूरे बंगाल में एक ही गुंज सुनाई दे रही है फिर एक बार फिर एक बार फिर एक बार समपुरनो समपुरनो भांगला बोल्चे आबार एक बार एक बार जलपाई गुडिने भी ताए कर लिया है ती उन्नीस आप्रिल को जैंट रोए जी को रिकोर बोटो से जिताएंगे साच्यों गे चुनाउ सरप एक साँँसद चुन्ने का चुनाउ नहीं है ये ससक्त बहारत के लिए एक ससक्त सरखार बनाने का चुनाउ है जितनी मजबोर ताखत्वर मजबोत केंद्र सरखार होगी उतना मजबोत दुन्या का बारत पर भरोसा होगा फिर उतना ही अदीट निवेश यहा आएगा फैक्टरिया लगेगी भीदेशी तूरीष ताएंगे भीजेपी सरखार ले जीट तुन्टी की मिटिंग नोडद भंगाल में इसी लिए रखी थी मकसद यही ता कि एक खेट्र अद निवेश तूरीष मेंज पहुषे आज केट्र सरखार यहा चाओडी शडके बना रही है रेल कनेक्टिवीटी बहतर कर रही है जुप गुडी जलपाए गुडी रोड एंजेपी स्टेशन को आदूनिक बनाने के लिए भी तेजी से काम चल रहा है आज से ही प्र्यासो से नहीं नोक्रियां नहीं आउसर बनेंगे हर परिवार का जीवन बहतर होगा सब को साथ लेकर सब का विस्वाज जीट कर सब का विकाश करना ही तो बाजपा का लक्ष है यही तो विक्सिट भारत का संकल्प है एटाई तो बिकोशिट भारो तेर संकल्पो और संकल्प के लिए आज हर भारतियए पूरी सक्ती से प्र्यास कर रहा है यहां जो लोग है मेरी उंसे प्रार्टना है कि मैदान छोटा पड़गया है मैं जानता हूँ आप मुझे देख नहीं पार है लेकिन आपके आसिर्वाज मुझे मिल रहे है आपका प्यार मुझे मिल रहा है और यह उच्सा उमाँग शायद अइसी सबहा इतना ब्रात द्रष्या ये तो बहुत बड़े आसिर्वाज है आपके साथियों भिख्षीद भारत के सपने को पूरा करने गलिए मेरा भी हर पाल हर ख्षान देख के लिए है आदिख लिए त्व्य वोर्थी सेवन में त्वंटी भोड़ी, सेवन के लिए खाम कर तहाँ थ्व्टी वोर बाई, सेवन पार त्वंटी, वोलटी, सेवन ये हम सवका संकलप है और में अर मेरा बिस्वास है, हम सब मिलकर भिखसी तबारर जुरोर बनाएंगे. साथ्यो NDA सरकार के दस वर्स गरीब SDSD परिवार माताो बहनो के जीवन को आसान बनाने के रहे है. आप याद की जीवन करोडो गरीबो के पास भीजिली पानी गैस कनेक्षन नहीता. उद में बढ़ी संख्या में हमारे SDSD परिवार थे. सवचालग ना हूने से हमारे SDSD समाच की माहलाव सब से जागदा परेशानी होती थी. सरकार की योजनाव में बढ़ाचार का सब से बड़ा नुख्सां SDSD परिवारों को उठाना परता था. साच्यो आप ने मुझे आसिरवाद दिया और मैंने हालाद बदलने का संकल पलिया. हमने बंचीतों को वरियता दी. 2014 मैं BJP सरकार बनी. तो हमने एक दलीथ रास्त्पती देश को दीए. 2019 मैं BJP सरकार बनी. तो देश को पहली महला आदीवासी रास्त्पती मिली. मुक्त रास्यान और मुक्त एलाद की योजना के अदिकाूं सला भार दी. आसी आस्ती बरके ही परिवार है. अदिकाूंस आसी आस्ती परिवारो को पहली बार पक्के गर मिले. पहली बार, तोयले, भीजिली, पानी, और गेस का कनेक्षन मिले. बीजे पीने आदीवासी मंत्रा लेए का बजेट काई गुना बड़ाया. हमने आदीवासी परिवारो को टेइस लाक से दिख पते दिये. हमने चारसो से अदिग नहीं एक लब ये मोडल सकूर बनाए. सास्यों, दस वरसो में पचीश करोर देष वासी गरीभी से बहार निकले है. हमारी सरकार की योजना हो ने गरीप के जीवन को असान बनाया है. हमने गरीप का स्वाभिमान लोताया है. उसका गवरो वराया है. और मोडी ने दस साल में जो विकास कारिया किया है. वो तो सिर तेलर है तेलर दस बचोर जाहो लो. अदा शुदो तेलर चिलो आपी हमे देश को बहुत आगे लेजाना है. हमें भारद को दूनिया की तीस्भ्री बडी आर्टिक ताकट बनाना है. हमें गाँव की 3 करोड भेनो को लक्पती दीजी बनाना है. हमें नमो द्रों दिनी योजना से भेनो को द्रों पालोड बनाना है. हमें पीम सुर्यगर मुक्त भीजली योजना से गरीब वर मद्दिम्वर क परिवारो का. भीजली का बिल जीरो करना है. जात्यों देश के हर गरीब का ससक्ट करान बीजेपी सरकार की प्रात्मिकता है. लेकिन गरीब कल्यान की मोदी की योजना अपार यहां के तीमसी सरकार ब्रेक लगा देती है. केंडर की भीजेपी सरकार लेए गरीवों के पक्के गर के लिए लगबाग, तीस हजार करो दुप्ये बीजेग. मोदी कहता है कि पैसा शीडे लाबारती के बेंखाते बैजाए. तीमसी कह रही है कि केंडर का पैसा पहले उनके खाते में आई. अब बजे बताएए जन्ता के हक्का पैसा मैं तीमसी को कैसे लुटने दू. सात्यों पस्छिम बंगार की हर बहन के गर पार नल से जल आए इस्टे लिए केंडर सरकार पैसा दे रही है. लेकि उतर बंगाल मैं नल से जल पहुचाने वाली योजना का लाब, तीक से नहीं मिल पार रहा, मोदी नहां की लाको बहनो को मुक्त गैस कनेक्षन दिया है. नहीं पीडी के जो लोग अपना परिवार बसा रहे है, उने भी मैं मुक्त गैस कनेक्षन देना चाहता हूं. लेकिन प्रष्टा गरीब और स्टी विरोदी तीम्सी सरकार ये फोने भी नहीं दे रही है. आविश्मान भारत योजना से देज भर के करीप, तीस हजार अस्पताडो में पाच लाक रुप्ये तक मुक्ते लाज मिल रहा है. तीम्सी की गरीब विरोदी सरकार इस योजना को भी बंगाल में लागुई नहीं होने दे रही है. साच्यो, तीम्सी की किसान विरोदी सरकार पीम किसान निती में भी रोडे अटकाती है. भी देसो में यूरिया की जो भोडी, तीन हाजार भीए की मिलती है. गृ भीजे भी शरकार किसानो को तीन्सु र celestial भी कम्दाम में देरेगें. लेकिन यहाں इस्से में भी परक्तटाचार हो रहाय, किसानो को परिशान की आजा रहाय. भाई योर भहनो. यहां के चाई बागानो की समंस्या kishize chuppi nahin भ़त्यबागानोंं कि समस्या कि जुए चुपि दइएः देःस में जहांभी चईबागान है उन मेंछे सथ से बुरा हाल बंगाल के चईबागानों का है TMC का चोटे से चोटा नेता भी बग़-बगि बंखलो में लहेता है बदहाली की बज़़ से कई बगान बंद हो गए हैं इसलिये इस चुनाँ में ती वागान के मेरे परिवारो को मूल सुभिदाए तक नहीं मिल रही है TMC सरकारने चाय बागानो को T-Industry को अपने हाल पर चोड दिया है बदहाली की बज़ से इस तुनाँ में TMC को सबक सिकाना बोध जरूडी है सबक सिखाओ गे TMC को सबक सिखाओगे बराबर सबक सिखाओगे मज्बृुतی से सबकसिखाओगे साच्यों येट येट पूलिंबॉत में इस बार टीम्सी की जमान जबत हो नी चाही है करोगे हर पोलिंग भूद में साथियो टीम्सी चाहती है कि उसके तोलावाजों को बस्टाचारी नेतावों को आतंका खुला लाइसंस मिले इसली जब केंद्र की जाएजंस या आती है तो तीम्सी उन्पर हमले करती है और उसे करवाती है तीम्सी कानुन और सम्विदान को कुछलने वाली पार्टी है आप दे किए संदेज खाली में क्या हूँ ये पूरा देज जान तुका है वहां माता हो भेरनो के साथ कितना बड़ा त्याचार हूँँई ये पूरे देज ने देखा है आलात ये है के हर मामले में हा कोड को कुछ को दखल देना परता है यहा हर तरव तीम्सी के सिंटिकेट का राज है लोग अत्याचार चहने को मजबोर है आप मुछे बताएए क्या संदेज खाली के अप्राद्यों को कडी से कडी सजा होनिच चाए कडी से कडी सजा होनिच आए उनकी जिन्दगी जेलो में जानिच आए क्या राशन गोटाला और तीचर भरती गोटाला करनेवालो को सजा मिलनिच ये के नहीं सजा मिलनिच ये के नहीं आप बंगाल की दर्टी से ये देता हो ये जिन लोगो ने बस्चा चार कर के पैसे जमा की है नहीं इदी ने करीब तीन हजार करोड रुप्या उनका समपती और सारी चीजे अटेज कर के रख़ी है तीन जार करोड रुप्या में मैं अटबाएग ले रहा हो की जो सिच्छक बरती मैं गरीब लोगो के पैसे गए शरकारी नोकनी मैं गरीबों के पैसे गए और जिन का पक्का मिलता है कहा इसे पैसा गया है तीजद तीन जार करोड पीन के अटेज की है नहीं मैं इं गरीबों बीचारा तीज़र की नोकरी के पैसा दिया मैं उपको पैसा बाइस करमा हुँँँँँँँँँ साथ्टियो तीम्सी वामद्यल और कोंगरेष ने ये तीनो एकी चट्टे बटे के साथी है तीम्सी वामद्यल, कोंगरेष ने एग मुस्रे के ब्र स्दाऄचारि हो को बचाटे किलिए ये लिन्टी गत़््वन्तन बनाया है मैं says प्रस्ठाचार मेताओ बीश्टाचारीicas भचाओ आमिबोल ए�ardi बच्ट्ट�quer गुस्ताचारी बचाओ ये लोग चाहे जितनी साजिज कर लें मैं आपको गारन्ती देता हूँ चार जुन के बात ब्रस्ताचार्यों के खिलाप कारेवाई और तेज होगी जर्ती महान सपोत दोक्तर शामाप्रताज मुकरजी की दर्ती है जहां हुए बलिदान मुकरजी बो कश्मीर हमारा है इस संकलप के साथ हम भाजपा के कार करता हों के हने एक पिड्या आगे बडी दोक्तर मुकरजी ना होते तो कोंगरेश की सरकार अलगा वाद्यों के सामने कप का सरंडर कर चुकि होती आशी कोंगरेश ने देश को अटीकल 370 ज़सा नासूर दिया था आज भाजपा की मजबूत सरकार ने आटीकल 370 की दिवार को हता दिया तो कोंगरेश को दर्ध हो रहा है, चिल्ला रहें, आशु बहार है तो बहुल कोंगरे रजज ने काहा है, कि मोदी देश के तुसरे रजज़ो में कशमिर की बाज किो करता है तुसरे रजज़्ो का कश्विर से क्या लेना लेना कोंगरेश के लिये, कष्मिर कुछ नहीं अपना जीवन सबर्पिट किया है हमारे दोक्तर समापदान मुखर जी बंगेल में जन में थे बंगाली थे लिएं कश्मीर के लिए कश्मीर की दर्टी पर जाकर के अपनी जिंद्गी डाँंपर लगा दी और वो हमारे भीच नहीं और वो हमारे भीच नहीं रहीं कश्मीर के खातिर उनो अपना प्रान त्याग दिया इसी कश्मीर भे शान्ती स्थापिट करने किलिए कितनी ही माता उने अपने बेटों को खोया है और कोंगरिच कहती है की कश्मीर से बाकी देश का क्या लेना देना कोंगरिच के इस बयान से उसकी बिबाजन कारी सोच फीर एक बार सामने आई है सात्यो दस साल भीजेमी सरकारने जो कहा वो फूरा करके दिखाया हमारे पास दस साल की उपलप्द्यों का लिए कार यही बजे है तिन्टी गडबंदन वाले मोदी की गारन्टी से ही दरने लगे है यह अप कहने है लगे है की मोदी को गारन्टी देने से मना करो जूथ और तोके पर्टी की तिन्टी गडबंदन के पास तो ना नीती है ना कोई शिट्डां यह क्या गारन्टी देंगे यह मोदी है जो गारन्टी देता है और वो है जो गाली देते है सात्यो आपको उननीस आपरिल को नीडर हो कर अपने बूद पर कमल चाप पर बूट डालना है आपने बाई पावेन्ना पदो फुले भोड भिबेन और आप मेरा एक काम और भी करना गर-गर जाना और हर गर में कहना के मोदी जी आए दे मोदी जी ने आपको प्रनाम भीजा है कहे देंगे गर-गर बता देंगे मेरे साल बोली ए भारत माता की भारत माता की भारत माता की बुड-बुड दन्वार
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{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2NZSIuEY5I",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}
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UCApKWe9YYSzSsZ0m5mLhl7g
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REACTION: McCall content with draw against 'strong' Exeter City side
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Hear from Bantams boss Stuart McCall following his side's 2-2 draw with Exeter City.
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[
"#BCAFC",
"#CityForAll",
"Bradford",
"City",
"Exeter",
"Stuart",
"McCall"
] | 2020-11-16T12:00:38 | 2024-04-23T01:06:22 | 195 |
Y2Ojgu74jiI
|
Siwet ar hyn y ddwy'n ddwy'n gweithio ar gyfer nhw. Dyn ni'n gweithio y gweithio gael yn ei ddweud. Felly'r bêl oedd y gweithio gyda'r gweithio'n gweithio, ond mae'n gweithio'n golygu yn bach. Mae'n 12 o'n 13 o'n 13 o'n 13. A'n mynd i'n gwneud, bod yna'r gweithio, mae'r gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio. Mae'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio. Felly roedd gweld yn fwy o'r gweithio. Felly mae'n gweithio'n rhagwladol. Ond rwyf wedi'n fwy o'r gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio. Mae'r gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio. Mae'n ddim os i'n ddod i'r fforn fathau'i gwahodd ac oedon nhw i'r defnyddio'r fathau. Mwneud yw'r amgylcheddau ar gyfer ar gyfer y dylai ddysgu'n gweithio? Mae'r gwaith eich meddwl y byddwn yn ynnig, yma, i'w lle'r gwybod gynnydd, ac mae'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio yma, ond rydyn ni'n gwneud ei gyrddio ar y gyfer aeth i'w sefydliadau. O'r cyfrannu'r rhai fod yn argyrchu. Rydyn ni'n meddwl am y cwylio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio. Ond oed, yn rhaid, mae'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio. So, mae'n gwneud o'r adrefau nhw sydd wedi gweld trwy swydd mewn gwahod. Rwy'n gweinio gyd ar y cyfnod i'r gwasanaeth gwaith. Mae'n gweinio arall, ac mae'n mynd i gyd. Rwy'n gweithio'r gwasanaeth yw. Gweithio'r gwaith yw'r gwasanaeth, mae'n rhaid i'r gwaith bod mae'n gweithio'r gwaith rwy'n gweithio'r gwaith a'r gofyn. Rwy'n gweithio'r gwaith arall, mae'n gweithio'r gwaith, a roi'n gofyn, a'n gweithio'r gwaith. Ritch gets playing it out. It's a really good counter attack. Yn sights you've passed by cookie, and Billy it's a great finish. It was a good start, but you know teams you're facing and what threats they're at. The big boy Bowman was going as good as there is as a centre forward, and a link man, and the two wide men, a quick and pace it, the midfield boys get joining. They're a good side, there's no doubt about that. But I thought we'd match more than done Score some second half, Felly byddai bod ychwanegau. Byddai'n credu fel y bydd Maghleacau, mae'n gweithio fydd y fawr iawn. Maen nhw yw'r amser yn Gweithio Sair. Rydyn ni'n amser o'r rai newydd i gyflawni o'r cyffredin? Mae'n credu i wasio. Mae'r rai fawr iddo i ddim yn cael ei gael. Ac mae'n cael ei ddim yn cael ei gael ac mae'n rai gael i gael. Mae ymdoedd y cwccy o'r llan gael ac mae'n gyffredinio i'r 15. ac nid oed gyda'n ei wneud i gyda'r cymdeithas, a gwnaeth i'n gwahaniaeth. Yn amlwg, mae'n gwio'r Clacky'n gwybod dechrau'r hamstrwng. Ond yn dod o'r gweithio'n gwahanol i'r cyfrifiad ac mae'n dweud i gyd yn ei'r Salford. Mae'n ddweud o gyrwch yn gwybod yng nghymru i gyd, yn ôl ddod i gyd y gweithio'r Salford, mae'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio, mae'n ddweud o'r testaeth a ddim yn ei ddweud yna? No, no. The other lads have not been playing, I'll have not a hard week, but I'll enjoy a good lot of football, and then from Thursday onwards the lads will be in, obviously, but then from Thursday onwards I'll look to how we're going to go on and shape up against Salford, but I think they should take a lot of encouragement from today, because as I said, they're probably the best side, the most dangerous side anyway, and on the other toss of the coin we play some good football at thought times.
|
{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2Ojgu74jiI",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}
|
UC_TneqvSfh-KsIyZMlJjVsQ
|
296 Russian soldiers, 19 tanks, 33 AFVs were destroyed - heavy blow from Kamikaze drones
|
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Tags: #Ukriane, #Russia, #Putin, #Putler, #Russian invasion of Ukraine, #Zelenski, #Kiev, #Kyiv, #Kadirov army, #Kadirov, #Kherson, #Bucha, #Kharkiv, #Ukrainian pilots, #vagners, #Russian tanks, #NATO, #drones, #Moscow, #Kreml, #war victims #Ukraina, News, The Washington Post, waPo Video, Washington Post Video, Washington Post YouTube, a:politics, aid, biden, putin, s:Politics, support, t:Other, Ukraine, war, fact check, news coverage, Donald Trump, news, wp video, forbes, nytimes, newspaper, media, journalism, Ilham Aliyev, Baku, Azerbaijan, Israel, Gaza, Palestine, Tel-Aviv, Garabag, Karabakh, football, ronaldo, messi, brian tyler cohen
|
[
"Russia",
"Putin",
"Putler",
"Russian invasion of Ukraine",
"Zelenski",
"Kiev",
"Kyiv",
"Kadirov army",
"Kadirov",
"Kherson",
"Bucha",
"Kharkiv",
"Ukrainian pilots",
"vagners",
"Russian tanks",
"NATO",
"drones",
"Moscow",
"Kreml",
"war victims Ukraina",
"U.S. congress",
"U.S Senat",
"biden",
"trump",
"Donald Trump",
"US elections",
"Wray Over Agents' Abuses",
"Washington Post",
"nytimes",
"foreignpolicy",
"capitol hill",
"WaPo Videos",
"politics",
"latest news",
"Republican Speaker",
"US news",
"president elections U.S.",
"america elections",
"fake news politics",
"forbes"
] | 2024-01-21T06:00:09 | 2024-02-14T18:41:02 | 71 |
y2hQWwAnnLU
|
The drone operators of the Special Operations Center of the Ukrainian Security Service discovered the military equipment and armoured combat vehicles belonging to the invading Russian army and attacked them.A total of 296 prisoners of the occupying army have been killed since the beginning of the year as a result of kamikaze drone strikes. Also, 19 tanks, 33 armoured fighting vehicles, 22 artillery systems, 3 rocket launchers, 5 air defense systems, 6 radio-electronic warfare complexes, 127 unmanned aerial vehicles, 85 vehicles, 96 firing points and fortifications, 3 ammunition depots and 1 fuel lubricant materials were destroyed by exploding the warehouse. At the same time, fighters of the Special Operations Center of the Security Service managed to prevent several attacks launched by the invading Russian army in the direction of Adyivka city in eastern Donetsk region. Artillery and drone strikes stopped the advancing convoy of tanks and armoured personnel carriers as a result of which a large number of combat equipment and infantry soldiers were killed.
|
{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2hQWwAnnLU",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}
|
UCKJ4HvODRVJ-U8mW9kvUZow
|
Creating an ORCID Record (Video 3/4)
|
The third video of this 4-part video series, teaches you how to populate your ORCID record with professional and biographical information.
|
[
"Johns Hopkins",
"JH",
"JHU",
"Hopkins",
"ORCID",
"ORCID ID",
"ORCID record",
"Johns Hopkins University",
"Welch library",
"Welch medical library"
] | 2023-07-31T12:00:22 | 2024-02-05T06:35:06 | 377 |
Y2Y1UVrgpfw
|
Welcome to today's presentation entitled, Creating an Orchid Record. I'm very happy that you're here with me today. My name is Nancy Shen and I'm the Welsh Medical Library Scholarly Communications Librarian. My pronouns are she, her and hers. I have a lot in store for you today. I'm gonna walk you through creating your Orchid Record, using my Orchid Record as an example. The first step of creating a complete Orchid Record is locating your unique 16 digit identifier on the Orchid page for yourself. Here, it is located on the top left-hand corner of the Orchid page. How to create a complete Orchid Record is getting all possible versions of your name accurate. Under Names, click on the top right-hand corner where you will see a pencil. This will allow you to edit your name section. As you can see, there is a section for all your published names and a section for other names that you are also known as. For example, under also known as, enter other names that you are known as. Like for myself, it is net-tication. After you enter all your other names that you are known for, click Save Changes. Once you save changes under the name section, all your names will appear on your Orchid Record. Now let's move along to step three. Step three is setting up your emails in your Orchid Record. In the email section, click the pencil in the top right-hand corner to edit and add emails to your Orchid Record. As you can see, there exists two pre-existing emails for myself, Nancy Shen. Say for example, we want to change a public visibility setting on my JHU email address from only me to everyone. Click on the only me dropdown menu to select from one of three options. If you want everyone to see my email address, select everyone. If you only want to authorize trusted parties to see my JHU email, select trusted parties. Lastly, if you only wanted me to see my JHU email content, select only me. Once you have made your selection, save your changes. Step four involves adding links to your social media accounts to your Orchid Record. Under the websites and social links section, click on the pencil in the top right-hand corner to edit the section. This will open up the website and social links section where you can add a link. Add your social media links like in the example where I've added my LinkedIn page. Save your changes in order for the links to appear on your Orchid Record. In step five, I'll show you how to access other IDs that you may have already added to your record. Under the other IDs section, click on the pencil in the top right-hand corner to access your other IDs to potentially edit. Here, you'll see that I have two other identifiers including Scopus and Web Assignments. Again, you can adjust the visibility setting to your liking and even delete the other ID that's relevant to you. One way to increase the discoverability of your Orchid Record is to do step six, which is adding keywords to your Orchid Record. In my record, I've added keywords to describe my Orchid Record like Health Sciences Librarian, increase the data at banks, and scholarly communications just to name a few. Step seven is creating a biography or narrative about your Orchid Record. There is a 5,000 character limit, so keep within it. Now, I'm ready to document some key CV sections onto your Orchid Record, like step eight, which involves filling out the Employment section of your Orchid. Under the Employment section, click the Add button to add various organizations you've been employed with. In the Employment Add section, there are three parts, information about organization, employment details, and visibility settings. Fill out these parts and see changes when you are done. In step nine, I'm adding my education and qualifications information to my Orchid Record. Click on the Add button on the top right-hand corner and select Add Education, for example. Like the Employment Add section, there are three parts, information about the organization, education details, and visibility settings. Once you have entered your information, save changes. In step 10, we are adding funding sources to your Orchid. Click on the Add button on the top right-hand corner to open up the Link Funding window. Double-click on the Dimensions Wizard to help locate funding agencies and sources to populate your record. After double-ticking the Dimensions Wizard, a window asking to authorize access will pop up. Authorize access and use the wizard to locate and add relevant funding sources to your Orchid. In step 11, this is Search and Link Wizard. Search and Link Wizard allows trusted parties to update your record if you grant them permission. Only premium Orchid institutional members are granted permission to automatically edit your record. This means Orchid has embedded these institutions as trustworthy. We recommend granting permissions to Crossref and data site at a minimum. In the video entitled Orchid Trusted Parties Functionalities, the information is Jacob White will explain how to grant permission to Crossref, Web Assignments, and Scopus, and how to sync your Web Assignments and Orchid records together. This brings me to the end of my presentation. Thank you very much for your time and attention. Please read out to us at the email addresses on this slide if you have any questions at all.
|
{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2Y1UVrgpfw",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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|
UCIRrKfKEfT0beJt49cHL2wA
|
Draw 10 a Day [Day 3 & 4] (I less want to kms)
|
Now that I think about it, I don't think gaming remotes are mechanical
Music: http://bit.ly/2pkFE5x
Holly Brown's Channel: http://bit.ly/2pkHTWO
My Tumblr: http://bit.ly/2kpYTLm
Instagram:http://bit.ly/2lh1jwn
Patreon: http://bit.ly/2ngh6Nl
Got something you'd like to see me draw? A question you'd like to ask? Put it down in the comment section below :D
|
[
"draw 10 a day",
"draw ten a day",
"10 a day",
"ten a day",
"european buildings",
"mechanical objects",
"day 3",
"day 4"
] | 2017-04-12T08:24:07 | 2024-02-05T06:23:36 | 520 |
Y2gltEd4LRI
|
Hello everybody, welcome back to another 10 a day challenge. Today is day 3 and 4. The one I'm drawing right now is day 3. I actually drew day 4 before day 3 because I got the days mixed up, so that's why once I get to the end of this section, you'll see some of the drawings from the next section. Don't worry. It's not inception, though. That would be cool. It's actually just because I'm a big screw up. And so It just kind of happened that way. I'm so happy because I have officially finished 40 drawings in four days and while those drawings are most if not all crap, at least I can say that I did it. I've been thinking a lot about to what's gonna happen with the because this is Easter break and I'm gonna have Easter. The day before Easter is gonna be really busy because I have to clean up the house for family because basically the entire family comes over to the house that I'm in and we all party and So there's a lot of cleanup to do. There's a lot of preparation to do the day before the actual thing and then during the day there's even more preparation and then I'm gonna be with family for most of the day and it's not like I can sneak away to my room, you know to draw for three to four hours straight. My family will start to question me. They'll be like, yo, where's he at? Because they are super family oriented. So what I'm probably gonna do is I'm not gonna record any of the drawings on Saturday or Sunday. Um, that doesn't mean I'm not gonna draw them. I'm still gonna draw them. I'm just gonna draw them in between time with my family. I'll get them done, you know, in increments and I'm not gonna not gonna finish them like that, but on Monday when I do the Monday 10 a day challenge, I will record both from the both from Saturday and Sunday in the book and then including Monday. Like how at the end of the videos I record all the stuff that I've done over the days. That's that's gonna be what this is and I'm sort of starting to enjoy this challenge. I think it could just be because I really enjoy drawing buildings like aside from humans. I of course love drawing humans but Buildings are my next favorite to humans. And so this was actually kind of fun. And I accidentally took a really long time on this like I think total recording time was about six hours. But I Mostly spent all my time on this just because I actually have a lot of fun Doing buildings and so like the other ones I kind of rushed in because I don't really like to draw them I don't really like to draw cars or foliage or Mechanical parts mechanical parts actually wasn't bad. That actually was kind of fun But I spent a lot more time on this than the other ones But with that being said there are still some crappy elements to these drawings Because I again I still didn't take as much time as I would if I were just drawing one And so you can physically see In the drawings where I start to get tired because some of the lines are done with rulers And those are the ones where I was actually trying the one where I The one That I Didn't put effort into were the lines that I completely free-handed That like that one actually I think I had a little bit of fun with that one This one was kind of a fun drawing But this was nearing towards the end of like the seven mark period and what I did with this one is I did the hardest ones First and then the easiest ones first just so I felt like it would like progressively get easier over time And then I would do it again and see I'm using a piece of paper, you know I actually have a ruler But it was really far from me while I was drawing and so I ended up just using a piece of paper That I found randomly on my desk and so that's what that is and if you're wondering why my pencil is broken That was because of a friend We were like fighting over the pencil and it got broken And so now it's just kind of a nice little cubby hole for those tiny erasers And it's actually sort of convenient because it holds the erasers and not most Mechanical pencils don't and that's always nice. All right, so this is day four day four was the mechanical objects For the first page, I think I'm drawing a clock and a pocket watch and the pocket watch was really fun The pocket watch is really fun actually Cuz I don't okay. Let me just start with this the little circles on all of my things were They were a struggle Doing any sort of circles was kind of an issue Not because circles are hard, but just because my hand okay. Well, yeah, cuz circles are hard I don't know what I'm talking about, but I mean the The pocket watch was fine even though there was a lot of circles and in any of the mechanical objects There was an absurd amount of circles and I don't really understand why Circles is apparently just a very nice little thing to add to mechanical objects I'll keep that in mind if I ever have to design a mechanical object, which I probably never will catch me when I'm like, I don't know 30 making or designing a mechanical object and looking back at this moment like you idiot But okay, this right here. I'm actually drawing my power source that is This is the phantom. I want to see I want to say V8 I'm probably so wrong on that, but it's the power source that I basically used to power my mic and It's really lightweight actually It's like this thin metal kind of thing and I thought it was gonna be a lot heavier because it was a power source But apparently not and that was also pretty radical because it was easy to move around and stuff and that's nice And I'm drawing it Xbox and PlayStation remotes here I don't know why I was thinking because when I was choosing what to draw for these I was thinking mostly in terms of what my characters would use But considering that their story is set very very far into the future. I think it's like 20 2090 that the story takes place They probably don't really have much use for a PlayStation or Xbox remote because I feel like in the future They that kind of stuff is gonna be obsolete That I feel like it's all gonna be like motion-sensored or even just like VR I'm not ready guys by the way for the day that nerve Nerve connected VR happens like while that sounds exciting What's gonna happen to our planet like what what are we gonna do? Then again, we would have a lot less time to screw up our planet. So I guess it's These are the final drawings guys, I hope you guys enjoyed tune in for the next 10 a day Which should be coming out on let's see what's today Tuesday So Wednesday Thursday should be coming out Thursday or Friday or early morning at like four in the morning So I hope you guys enjoy
|
{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2gltEd4LRI",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}
|
UCkY5L8JYwx7BT0cOXYZX_dw
|
Addressing The Problem Of Insecurity In Nigeria Part 1
|
Welcome To Plus Politics
Between 2021 and 2022 alone, no fewer than 3,420 persons have been abducted across Nigeria, with 564 others killed in violence associated with abductions.
Terrorists on Friday also launched a fresh attack in Mallagum-Kagoro in the Kaura Local Government Area of Kaduna State 24 hours after a mass burial of victims killed in previous terrorist attacks.
According to sources in the community, the terrorists arrived fully armed and began shooting, forcing people to flee for their lives.
Reverend Joseph hayab, chairman, Christian association of Nigeria, kaduna state, Dennis Amachree, former Assistant Director, DSS and Senator Iroegbu, Editor-In-Chief, Global Sentinel And Security Analyst joined us to discuss.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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#PlusTVAfrica #PlusPolitics #Insecurity
|
[
"News",
"Politics",
"Nigeria",
"Africa",
"Plus TV Africa",
"Plus TV",
"Plus",
"Plus TV Nigeria",
"Plus Television",
"Plus TV News",
"Top News",
"news",
"trending",
"trending news",
"today's news",
"current news",
"entertainment",
"sports",
"business"
] | 2022-12-29T09:52:11 | 2024-02-05T06:25:07 | 2,051 |
Y2wAPALsCfk
|
Security report says over 3,000 persons have been abducted and 654 million Naira ran some paid between 2021 and 2022. Terrorists have attacked southern Kaduna community again 24 hours after residents conducted a mass burial. Tonight, in continuation of our Town Hall series and countdown to the 2023 elections, we take a look at the worsening security situation, even as Nigerians call for speedy justice for the late lawyer Omar Balani Rahim who was shot dead on Christmas Day by a police officer in Lagos. This is Plus Politics, I am Mary Anacom. Between 2021 and 2022 alone, no fewer than 3,420 persons have been abducted across Nigeria, with 564 others killed in violence associated with abductions. Terrorists on Friday also launched a fresh attack in Malagom Kagoro in Kauraloko government area of Kaduna state 24 hours after a mass burial of victims killed in previous terrorist attacks. According to sources in the community, the terrorist arrived fully armed and began shooting, forcing people to flee for the allies. Now recently, we have had an incident of the killing of a Lagos lawyer, Mrs. Balani Rahim, by a police officer in the state. Rahim was hit by a bullet fired by a police officer attached to the Ajiwe police station in Ajah, Jambi Vandy, an assistant superintendent of police on Christmas Day. It is no hidden fact that incidences of kidnapping and banditry and police brutality have become more brazen under the Bahari administration from abducting a military officer from a military facility to attacking an airport, derailing a train, and kidnapping passengers. The safety of the average Nigerian cannot be assured. While joining us to discuss this is Reverend Joseph Hayab, he is the chairman, Christian Association of Nigeria Kaduna State. We are also being joined by Dennis Amakri, former assistant director of the DSS, and Senator Iruagbo, he is the editor-in-chief, global sentinel, and he is also a security analyst. Thank you so much gentlemen for joining us on this conversation, and Merry Christmas. Thank you. Great. I'm going to start with Reverend Hayab because of you know the recent attacks again in Kaduna State which seems to not be going away anytime soon. Reverend Hayab, Nigeria has been ranked as sixth terrorism in most impacted country you know this year, and as we can see Nigeria is leading countries like Syria and Somalia, and these are countries who have been actively at war. And here in your state which supposedly would not be necessarily seen as a very Islamic state, we're seeing more and more of these killings along the lines of religion and ethnicity. Why has the situation in Kaduna State continuously lingered? It interests you to know that the situation in Kaduna, the truth is that it's even under reported because you are just talking about the killings in Malagon, Kauraloka government of Kaduna State that happened some days ago. But I can tell you that on the 25th of December, just on Christmas night, another person was killed in a village by name Amfani Umoru. One Maradona Samuel was badly injured and over 18 people were kidnapped on that Christmas day in Kaduna, local government of Kaduna State. On the 26th of April, these treaded kidnappers came and took away 42 persons not nine of them were women in one community called Umbuan Park in Karsuama, the new world. So you can see that killings, attack, kidnappings, and all form of insecurity is still going on. The reason why we are just tired of coming every day to the media to sing this song, to continue to explain this, yesterday morning precisely I was in Zonkua and I was in Kaburo, I was in Kapantan because I have to go. I went to Southern Kaduna to commit suicide with many of the families that were actually affected and the stories are not good stories at all. Do you know that the very night we buried, we had that mass burial, on that night this killer made him again and to show you that they can take everybody, they will even go beyond what you think they will go. So when you are asking about the state of Nigeria, it is just to tell you that things have continued to deteriorate, there is no control, insecurity have reached the worst level it should not be in this country. Either because there is a failure in government to deal with this matter decisively, or we are playing politics with a very sensitive matter, the rating may not even be a concern of this government because before you know what is happening, a live movement will come, address the press and even accuse some people of asking this rate or to have rate in Nigeria as higher in kidneys than Syria and Somalia. So that is the problem we have in Nigeria, those even in church don't even feel any concern about what is happening. They give it a different name, they try to turn their face to the story and so the enemies of this country will continue to perpetuate evil because they know that no one is going to come after them. I am most curious about the fact that I mean of course a lot of people make the excuse that the governor of the state is just the chief security officer on paper and not necessarily by action or being able to command the service chiefs in the state. But if something of this nature happened on Christmas day and the same night, something of the same nature was able to happen, it makes me wonder what security agencies in Kaduna state are especially for a place that's gradually become a hotbed for some of these killings and you know abductions. I'm curious because I want to know where are security agencies in your state and what's the situation, what is the police commissioners saying and other security agencies that are supposed to be on ground to help fight this killers off? These questions should go to the commissioner of police, the state, not me. My rule simply is as a faith leader, my people call me every night and every hour when they are in crisis, when they are in individual situations like this and tell me and they will write a vivid report. I can because it's not here, it's not a place for me to begin to, I can tell you with the names of people kidnapped, the names of people injured, the names of people died and the timing. I have all those ones on record because I can't have a network that goes beyond just a state chapter. We have chapters in the local government, we have chapters in the I think we're having a connection issue there with you. Okay let me come to you, Mr. Macri, of course you are retired but you obviously are still a security consultant. I feel like every time we have these conversations we're just talking about the same thing again and again and again and there seems to be no end in sight. It looks like we're going round and round in circles and maybe the answers are staring us right in the face and we're not necessarily doing what we need to do because I'm trying, this is my question, why do we have to keep doing this time and time again even when there seems to be some solution, there are ideas that people like you put out there. What do you think the challenge is with this issue of insecurity especially for a case like southern Kaduna? Okay thank you very much for having me and you see this problem keeps on persisting because we have not seriously decided to solve it. You have people dying every day, you have governors doing a double speak about when people are killed, the government political statements, when it favors them they are ready to give all kinds of military solutions, intelligence solutions, you know, when it doesn't favor them they tell you that they are not the CESOs, they are just CESOs of paper and stuff like that because when you look at it, these governors actually have the security apparatus under them. It's not the commander, it's just the chairman of the security council where he should be able to direct people to do certain things, you know, and when your old people keep on dying and you make political statements it shows that you are not really serious about what is going on. But I think we've experienced a lot of things this year, very, very nasty situations and as we move into the next year optimistically maybe we will think that, you know, new things will happen. Senator, you have continuously reported on issues of insecurity across the country, especially in the northern part of the country. I mean terrorism continues to be on the rise and when I talk about terrorism I'm not just talking about banditry or Boko Haram, I'm talking about terrorism in its entirety, crime and criminality seems to be on the rise despite the fact that the Nigerian government had budgeted 11.18 trillion Naira from 2015 to 2022 to fight this menace and terrorism, if I might add, is one of the major wings on which this government rode into power and we're here almost at the end of 2022 still deliberating on what needs to be done and I'm wondering from your experience in the field what exactly do you think the challenge is? From my perspective I think the challenges first starts from the top. They say we practice executive presidency and if you remove the titles all over the world, if you remove the titles, I think Nigerian presidency, the power inherent in Nigerian presidency makes it one of the most powerful in the world, in fact almost close to a dictator. Now to whom much is given, much is expected. That's how the country is built, is the commander-in-chief of, the president and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. So when a president is not leading from the front or taking direct charge, it becomes a problem. I think half of these issues stem from them. Most times we are always talking about body language. Most times what we get from there is that sometimes he is nonchalant about some of these issues and it's a shame actually because this presidency has one of the most, the most goodwill out of many presidents we have ever had. It had so much goodwill when the president took over. Then over time this frittered away and it continues up to now. Believe me, anytime this president is interested in an issue, you will see that it will be done. Is this not the same country that security and intelligence agencies go up to a place like Kenya and took somebody of interest and brought the person back to Nigeria to face charges, go to Benna Republic, bring the person to face charges, you know. Because why? The president is interested in such issue. And this kind of operation is something that is top like CIA, Mossad, but they put it off. So what I'm saying is that the president should take charge. It's in this country we are about almost 1,000 people were killed in Agathe. For almost two weeks, Nigerians were crying. President says something, speak, address these people, at least assuage their plight. No comment, no statement. After so much pressure, then a female stationer issued a press statement. At the same time this was after there was a bombing in Brussels, Belgium. We had few people, about 90 people were killed by terrorists. Immediately, in less than 24 hours, presence issued a statement commiserating with the people of Belgium. It's the same country where flood, flood, submerged almost one third of Bahia's estate. Submerged almost one fourth of a number. Submerged almost one fifth of Gogi. Across the country all over from Jigawa to Niger. No statement from. In fact, failure coming, we are in communication. Then there was this Halloween stampede or firebreak in Korea. We are about 100 people. Immediately. So what I'm saying is, if a station gets back from the head, then that's where they stop. And take note that most of these operations is a commander control structure. If they are not sure, if the military or security agencies don't have a defined directive, there's little or nothing they can do because it creates a situation of uncertainty. And that's what you're seeing in the North West and across the country, except not East. Where there is a defined operation going on in North East, where there is theater command, where we know that the sphere of operation is where defined. Their mandate are defined. And that's where you are gradually getting results. We are not yet there. But apart from that, across the country, be it in Kaduna, be it in Kasina, be it even in the South East, there's no defined operation. Most times it depends, if you are the presence, okay, of giving command to the military. If you give command, how do you follow it up? If something goes wrong, would you hold responsible? Did you fuck anybody? Is in this country that President confess he's told IG to go to Benway State and he didn't know that IG didn't go? That was it. He didn't do anything. In fact, that IG stayed and tried to even defy the Constitution to stay beyond the constitutional date. He's supposed to retire. So, Senator, you're saying all of these things, you say that our President, I want to be sure, that you're saying that Mr. President does not seem to be in charge. I want to first lay a foundation from there, because if we're going to solve other things, like the issue of the non-kinetic areas, like having the political will start from there, having, because some of these issues we are talking about will not stop by guns and bullets. They have to be political solutions, like restructuring a political architecture, like our policing system is over centralized. But if we have to take action, we have to start from the top. President has initiated and approved National Assembly and State House of Assembly and Governors and we have to start from there. You have to mobilize because enormous power and influence is in that office. If it's not trusted in doing anything, I bet you other things, other sectors, other hands may try, but it is still for sure. So, the emphasis, why I'm laying emphasis there is because there's enormous power and influence from there. He's not going to do it alone, but he has to initiate it. He has to pull it up. That's what I'm saying. So, there are other areas of decentralizing our policing structure, having cognitive policing, effective early warning response system, having a national dialogue to know how we can live in peace, because some of these problems are actually politically inclined. If we solve it, then we solve almost 60 to 70 percent, but it has to come from the top. The initiatives, someone has to lead to get these things to be done and it has to start from the top. Let me come back to you, Reverend Hyatt, because the Christian Association is not just an association of Christians. You obviously also represent Christians and you speak along those lines, you liaise with governments and security agencies. So, picking up from where Senator left up. Senator is saying that there seems to be a lack of leadership push on Mr. President's part. He's saying he's not doing his job, he's body language for the want of a better way to describe it. So, I'm not sure that he's interested in fighting insecurity, but it baffles me. For a president who fought so hard to be president in this country so many times, the fourth time finally he was able to get his way and then this is what we get. It beats me. Why has it taken so long for the president to deal with this issue of insecurity? And he talked about politicizing it. Do you see any form of politicization when it comes to dealing with insecurity across the different zones in the country? The truth is that the reason why we've not been able to tackle insecurity is the conservation of insecurity. Apart from, you see, I like using Kaduna State for instance. In Kaduna State, most time our governor will come out to the media and say things that are not just to divert attention. Do you remember that on the eve of one election in this country, this governor came out just to divert attention and claimed that certain ethnic groups have been killed and even have a number? A few weeks after, the commissioner of police denied that he did not even know about the number. So these are the kind of things. And I can't agree with what the senator said. They only react and respond to issues that interest them. But how can you show on how to defend and protect lives and properties of citizens of the United States and their matter, their issue do not consign you. You don't care whether, you know, where we buried, the Masberia we had last week, there was no government presence. Nobody from Kaduna State government attended that Masberia. I think those people are nobody. And so if they don't care about that, how would they care about the number of people I've just mentioned that were kidnapped on the 25th of December that were kidnapped on 26th and who knows what has happened between yesterday 27th to today 28th. So these are the kind of situations we have. We have leaders who don't care about us. We have leaders who don't think about our welfare. We have leaders who come on the other face if they hear that there's a problem on our side. But they will come out to the media and say things. I was surprised the other day when I saw that one of the presidential aspirant candidate throw the issue of insecurity to my governor to answer when he went to check himself. And I could not just believe myself. He's the man who has not been able to address his insecurity problem in the state and is answering for us. But these are the kind of leadership we get in Nigeria. And we can't just blame them without blaming ourselves. It's only in this country that we think that the man we have elected as governor, the man we have elected as president, the man we have elected as senator, the man we have elected as house of rep or house of assembly is the one in charge of us. Incidentally, we are supposed to remind them that we gave them their appointment later. They are there because we have given them the mandate. They are not there to support us or to be the ones to decide what we do and what we don't do. They are there to do what we have sent them to go and do. But they don't care. That's why, whether we are kin, whether we are slaughtered, they don't even care. If they are going to make statements, they will make statements that will further aggravate this situation. Today, Kaduna is seriously divided along religious and along other lines. Why? Because even those in power that are supposed to govern our support or that are supposed to unite the people so that we work together to fish out criminals and even deliberately divide in us. I shared in one of the media yesterday that, look, Kaduna state has ever experienced a nine-year without conflict. Although sometimes, don't think that it has been complicated. Everybody knows from November 22, 2002, there was an effort to ensure that there was no more crisis in Kaduna. And we had a nine-year period of silence. What exactly did we do to achieve those successes? What exactly did we do to be sure that there were no other violence, no killing, and all the criminal things we are talking about today? This government is not willing to even reverse and take a look at what we did right or hear us talking about those successes. As far as she's concerned, she knows what to do, and sadly, she's doing nothing. Mr. Macri, he's talking about the fact that there seems to be no political will whatsoever. And then once in a while, the endurance point fingers our security agents and say, oh, well, security agents are not doing their jobs. They only are the whims and caprices of whoever is in power, whether it be the governor, whether it be the president. But let's talk about these men, these gallant fellows who are in the front lines, especially our soldiers, who have somewhat been stretched thin dealing with the issue of terrorism and insecurity across the country, whether it be in the southeast, whether it be in southern Kaduna, or even in the fringes of the northeast of Nigeria. Let's talk about their welfare. Let's talk about the idea of making sure that they're mentally prepared for what they're dealing with. And again, talking about political will, how well kit these men are for the fight that they're fighting because this is not a normal war. It's a guerrilla warfare. It's nothing close to them going to peace keep in Sierra Leone or in Liberia. Do we consider amongst all of the politic king the welfare of these men? Thank you very much for that question. Yeah, addressing the issue of political will, you know, many people will say, oh, the president does not have the political will. His body language is not telling us much about, you know, what we're doing and stuff like that. But we forget that that political will belongs to the people. I think that I will rephrase that to say that Nigerians don't have the political will, just like Rehan has said, you know, we are the ones who voted them there. And of course, as long as they are there, they are supposed to do what we ask them. Because we are not practicing a dictatorship, we are practicing a democracy. But how many Nigerians know that they have a role to play? Because, you know, during elections that there's the office of the citizen of the federal republic, but how many of us because you see every time I talk to people, they say, oh, they have the soldiers, they have the police, they're powerful, they're more powerful than us if we talk, they will kill us. So how many people have that understanding? I am very happy you raised that issue. You know, in Nigeria today, I can conservatively say that about 70% of Nigerians are illiterates, illiterate in the sense of not having political education. Many people don't know. Go to the market, go to the road, and ask people about politics. What is democracy? Many people don't know. They will tell you that they don't know what is going on. All they know is that there is a P.C., there is PDP, and there is Labour Party coming, and you know, and that's why even the politicians go ahead and use this, you know, ignorance of the public in campaigning and telling them whatever they like, because if we are in an educated environment, people will start asking questions and say, hey, you told us this before, now this is happening, and you are coming back again to talk to us, aside it, and they should answer. You know, the American president put it succinctly. Thomas Jefferson, he said democracy itself cannot be effective if majority of the populace are not educated. So here, the market woman, even the way to vote, they don't know how to vote. So what are we? How do we now tell them about intricate policies about security or legislation and other kinds of things? It becomes a very big problem. And that's why I'm saying that Nigerian politicians should spend a lot of their time, a lot of their time in political education, because people don't know what is going on. Let's talk financing of our security forces. I recently talked about funding of the police, and it took me back to the essence of the NSAS protest. It was not just protest against police brutality, but it was also protest against the bad welfare or the short end of the stick that police officers were getting, the poor enumeration. But of course we saw what happened. Again, how can a person police well if the circumstances in which he finds himself is not even calmly? How can a person be fighting for a country that does not necessarily care for its family? And then there's their monies that have been voted to the army, to special forces, to the police. And these monies somewhat, someway, find their ways into the pockets of some persons who are at the top. And then leaves these other people in a state of comatose. Hence, they're unable to do their jobs as they should. Why are we yet to address these issues? We have members of the National Assembly who just talk about these issues once in a while, but there is, again, no follow-through, and I'm wondering, where do we as people come in to make sure that these things are addressed so we can have the kind of security and policing that we deserve? It boils down again to security education. It boils down to that. Because when you look at it, even the security agencies are doing that. They're not independent. Remember that. Because the security sector itself needs a very serious reform. It has to be reformed. Because in other countries, the security sector itself is governed in a way that they are effective. They know what they are supposed to do that relates to the national interest. And then, of course, they operate under the rule of law. Now we're talking about the policeman that goes around to, you know, maybe was drunk or smoked something, shooting an innocent citizen. Why? What is that going on? Because they believe the police system has not changed much. Right from colonial days, they were originally set up. The House of Constabulary here in Lagos was set up to take care of colonialists. And what the colonialists left after independence were politicians, Nigerian politicians. And then, of course, the politicians started using them as to protect themselves against the populace. So what are we really talking about? Are we running a system that is democratic, that takes care of everybody, or we are protecting the regime in power? You know, so you have to feel very sorry for the security agencies. They are not constitutionally. They are not independent. You know, they are not independent. And if that sector is reformed, reformed, you know, where we have good governance in the security sector, then, of course, they will be independent enough to carry out the job that they are trying to do, you know, no matter who is God. Remember in the United States, they have to go into Donald Trump's house and search him. Because when he left the office, he took official documents away. That cannot happen here because you cannot go, who is going to give you the order? So the institutions have to be independent, strong, before we can call it, you know, unactive democracy. Well, we're still talking about this place. Yes, quickly, before we go on a break. Yeah, because we don't even understand that many people who work in the different security outfit of Nigeria actually didn't go there because they have action for the security of Nigeria. They just went in there because they lack job and they need somewhere to get food. Have you seen so many young men who were recruited or who were employed or engaged into SSS? Their desire every day is to be with one politician and you see every day there's trouble to be with one politician to open his gate to block people from shaking hands with him. And then who are those ones that are supposed to go out there to gather intelligence and know that there's crime that is about to be committed. There's an evil that is about to be done. It's something with the police and even soldiers that you expect, since some sense of basically, I'm sorry, I am a son and a product of a military man. I grew up in the past, but I'm just ashamed when I go out and see how those who have been recruited or engaged by the Nigerians to start in the security outfit, they are designed to protect one individual, not about the citizens, not about the country. Look, they will even be lobbying people. Please, can you get me to be with one senator or get me to be with one big man there? Is that the reason why you joined the security force? That's why you cannot have proper understanding of their job. Well, they may not have proper understanding of their job because their desire is, let me just be somewhere close to someone who has money and get money and that's all. We'll take a quick break. When we come back, we'll talk about security reporting and my next question will go to Senator Irwin who obviously is in the field. Are we reporting properly or could we also be part of the problem? We're still talking security and plus politics. Stay with us.
|
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|
Trailer - The Creative Advantage Online Arts
|
Make art with us!
The Creative Advantage Online Arts video series is created by The Creative Advantage in collaboration with teaching artists and organizations on our Community Arts Partner Roster, Seattle Public Schools, and production partners NFFTY / The Talented Youth, NW Film Forum, and Reel Grrls Pro.
New videos are uploaded every week, and will also be available on SPS TV until the end of the school year!
The Creative Advantage is a city-wide initiative to establish equitable access to arts education for each and every public school student, made possible through a public-private partnership with Seattle Public Schools, the City of Seattle Office of Arts & Culture, the Seattle Foundation, and 100+ community arts partners and teaching artists.
Click here to donate to The Creative Advantage and advance our arts education collective impact goals: https://connect.clickandpledge.com/w/Form/021451e2-b256-49ab-bdbf-205e6bce03e7
Learn more about The Creative Advantage Online Arts here: https://www.creativeadvantageseattle.org/online-arts/
|
[
"arts education",
"arts ed",
"art",
"arts and culture",
"culture",
"trailer"
] | 2020-05-07T18:43:57 | 2024-04-23T15:47:39 | 98 |
y26Hj2-ImJ8
|
Na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na na. It's your turn.
|
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"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y26Hj2-ImJ8",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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UCu5jWnjHt6eGhg8Qfk--gcQ
|
Freezing Point Depression (Qualitative)
|
Dissolving a small amount of solute in a solvent will generally lower the freezing point of the resulting solution.
This happens because the solvent has a lower activity in the solution than in pure solvent, so it is in equilibrium with the pure solid at a lower temperature.
| null | 2021-02-06T08:45:00 | 2024-02-05T08:32:01 | 383 |
Y2ZpVVfCqfU
|
So as one example of what we've named colligative properties, we can look at how the freezing point of a mixture or a solution changes with the concentration of that solution. So as a reminder, this is what, let me finish leaving this diagram, but this is what the temperature composition phase diagram looks like for, in this case it's relatively proportional for sucrose and water. So if I have sucrose on this side, water on this side, I form a eutectic at a relatively low concentration of sucrose in water, and we have this sort of phase diagram. The important point for right now is to observe that this melting point of sucrose, when I add in a little bit of water, the melting point decreases, it becomes lower. Likewise, when I look at the melting point of pure water, zero degrees Celsius, when I dissolve a little bit of sucrose, that multi-point decreases. So in both directions, as I move from pure substance to solution, the freezing point decreases. That's a very generic or general phenomenon. We saw that same sort of behavior for the magnesium-calcium phase diagram, for the lead and tin phase diagram. Nearly every case will show this sort of behavior. So the behavior that's that general, there must be some fundamental reason behind it, and indeed we can identify what that is. The origin of this behavior comes from the fact that as I move from pure solvent to dissolving something in it, I'm going to lower the chemical potential of the solvent. Let me remind you why we know that's true. We've seen previously that if I want to calculate the chemical potential of some substance in a mixture, chemical potential in the solution is related to the chemical potential in the pure liquid by this term RT log of the activity of the substance. And let me sketch what that looks like as a graph. If I plot the chemical potential as a function, in this case, since we want to talk about solidifying or melting a substance as I change the temperature, I'll make this axis be temperature. So remember that what happens to the chemical potential, which is the same thing as the molar free energy, the chemical potential of anything is the partial molar Gibbs free energy. So the Gibbs free energy drops as the temperature increases proportionally to the entropy, like we've talked about when we talked about Gibbs free energy. So there's chemical potential, let's say, of the solid phase. As I heat the solid up, its chemical potential drops. The same thing is true of the liquid. So here's chemical potential of the liquid phase, of the pure liquid phase. And I've drawn that as a steeper curve because the entropy of the liquid is a larger value than the entropy of the solid. So it's falling more quickly than the chemical potential of the solid does. So now think about what happens when I convert this liquid into a solution. I take my pure sucrose or maybe pure water and dissolve a little bit of something into it and make a solution. So as I, if the substance I'm talking about is water, this is the chemical potential of pure water. If I dissolve something in that water to make a sugar water solution or some other solution, the activity of the water will decrease. So in a solution, the activity will be less than one in a solution. It's less active than the pure solvent. So the log of that number that's less than one, that's going to be a negative number. So this entire quantity is negative. So the thing that I'm adding to the chemical potential of the liquid is a negative number. So the chemical potential of the solution is going to be shifted downward relative to the chemical potential of the pure liquid. So before I draw that curve, let me point out how we identify the melting point on these curves. This point where the solid and liquid curves cross, that's the temperature at which the chemical potentials are equal to one another. So that would be the melting point, temperature of fusion. I'll put a superscript zero or a circle on that melting point because that's for the pure liquid, for the substance in its standard state in the pure form, that's the melting point. What we're interested in is why does the melting point decrease as we form a solution. When we form a solution and the chemical potential decreases, then this curve is going to be shifted downward. It's going to have the same shape but just shifted downward. And what that means is the point where these two curves cross is going to shift to a lower value of the temperature. So this melting point or fusion temperature in the solution is less than the melting point of the temperature of fusion in the pure solvent. So qualitatively we understand now anytime, regardless of whether I'm starting with pure sucrose and I make it impure, I've lowered the sucrose's activity. If I start with pure water and I dissolve some sucrose in it, I've made the water less pure and I've lowered its activity. Anytime I lower the activity, I'm going to lower the chemical potential and that's what causes the melting point to decrease in both of these directions. So at least qualitatively, now we understand why dissolving a solute into a solvent will decrease the freezing point. The next step will be to take that a little further and examine this equation and see if we're going to understand quantitatively how much that freezing point will decrease as I prepare a solution.
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UCvqbFHwN-nwalWPjPUKpvTA
|
Keynote: Opening Remarks Day 3 - Jasmine James, Ricardo Rocha, Emily Fox
|
Don’t miss out! Join us at our upcoming hybrid event: KubeCon + CloudNativeCon North America 2022 from October 24-28 in Detroit (and online!). Learn more at https://kubecon.io. The conference features presentations from developers and end users of Kubernetes, Prometheus, Envoy, and all of the other CNCF-hosted projects.
Keynote: Opening Remarks - Jasmine James, Senior Engineering Manager-Developer Experience; Ricardo Rocha, Computing Engineer, CERN; Emily Fox, Security Engineer, Apple
| null | 2022-06-01T23:22:24 | 2024-02-05T16:36:04 | 105 |
y2id9ceqzis
|
Good morning, everyone, and welcome to day three of KubeCon Cloud NativeCon Europe 2022 and the last set of keynotes. I want to personally thank you all for waking up super early after that amazing party last night and showing up today to listen to us all continue this fabulous conference. But before we kick it off with our first set of keynotes, I wanted to personally thank myself, my fellow co-chairs. We all would like to thank the Linux Foundation Event staff, the Cloud Native Computing Foundation Event staff for putting on this amazing event. We would also like to thank Tantalus Productions, who's the audio visual engineering team behind coordinating all of these slide decks, all of our speaker notes, making sure that we can do these transitions smoothly. So let's thank them. And most importantly, if you're a speaker at this conference, you've probably gotten an email from him. We would like to thank Cody Lisk, who is the content manager for this conference. He's been doing this for a long time, and he has been incredibly helpful for making us look especially amazing. Yes. Thank you. All right. With that said, let's kick things off with our first keynote for today. Our first presenters of the day are Josh Berkus and Catherine Paganini. Josh is a community architect with a red hat, and Catherine is the head of marketing and community at Point. Today, they will discuss all the extra things that an open source project needs to be successful. So please welcome Josh and Catherine.
|
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UCoMROaUMHtx5cAOLKehOBDw
|
GET YOUR CLEAN ON! | Cleaning Motivation | Clean With Me
|
GET YOUR CLEAN ON! | Cleaning Motivation | Clean With Me
Shop This Vlog:
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🙋🏻 A little bit about me:
I am a momma of three girls ages 2,3&4! Everly Meadow is four years old, Kylia Quinn is three and Haisley Breeze two. We recently moved 8 hours away from our home state of PA to find new adventures in the state of NC. I post mommy vlogs, cleaning videos, organizing videos, DIY videos, mommy tips, healthy eating videos and much more! I would love to interact with you, so be sure to leave a comment and subscribe!
,Adaline
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→P O P U L A R P L A Y L I S T S←
🏡 CLEANING MOTIVATION:
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**Some of the links here may be referral links. I will always let you know if a video is sponsored. All opinions are my own!
*This video is not sponsored.
|
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"adaline",
"zook",
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"organize with me",
"brianna k",
"get it all done",
"whole house clean with me",
"whole house cleaning",
"entire house clean with me",
"clean my entire house with me"
] | 2019-12-19T14:27:59 | 2024-02-08T17:01:48 | 780 |
y2KwCKG9gp4
|
Hey guys, welcome back to my channel. So today I've got a cleaning video It has been a minute since I've made a cleaning video definitely before Thanksgiving. I think Anyways, but there's been a lot of changes to the house since I did my last cleaning video I've been doing some renter friendly hacks So if you are new to my channel, you definitely want to check out my vlogs because I've been talking about those on there So I started out in our room and just kind of tidied up This is my little office nook and a lot of people have been asking about this of where my computer is or where I do my editing and stuff. And so this is where it is. It's kind of hidden behind this door So you don't always see it, but it definitely needed to be freshened up today If I'm dreaming because you know of this feeling you're giving me next I got a load of laundry going I've been trying to do about one load a day and it's really been helping me I was in this routine a while back and kind of fell out of it and oh my goodness It just made laundry really pile up So now that I'm back on that routine such a stress reliever and I'm not worried about the laundry backing up So badly. I literally wash dry and fold one load every day I do use a combination of different things to clean and one of the things they use is something called Norwex claws So you're gonna see me use it with a paste here in a little bit on the countertops because there was something that was dark on the countertop and I really love them especially for windows not the paste but the cloths All you need is water to use them because they have colloidal silver in them Also, if I look a little bit funny It's because I have my self tanner on and it makes my skin look darker or just kind of off So I was letting it set in while I was cleaning So this was the next day and I kind of split this up into two days. So this dishpile is because the day before I was gone a lot and Cory my husband was home with our kiddos and he just decided he does do dishes and he does help clean But he decided to spend his time with the girls and just give them some attention And so the dishes got neglected, which was fine so I needed to run the dishwasher a few times this day as you'll see and I am not shy to do that I definitely would rather run my dishwasher a couple times in a day and use that time for something else Then to hand wash a bunch of dishes So here in the kitchen if you guys watch my vlogs you definitely know that there's been a lot of changes and This is where I've done a bunch of my renters hacks and things and I've been so happy with how it's turned out I know a lot of people were asking how I'm going to care for this floor So you'll see in a second here what I'm gonna do with it Before I'm doing this little table is actually something on my to-do list It really needs to be repainted particularly the chairs There's a lot of chips in them and they're just yeah looking like they need a new coat of paint So I'm thinking possibly in January After the holidays and when things slow down, I'm going to repaint this table set and just give it a fresh coat All right, so in taking care of this floor One of the things that I do is I use a broom instead of the vacuum cleaner just because I don't want it to Puncture it or to tear it up or anything and if you guys don't know this is actually contact paper on the floor And it's something that is a little bit of a renters hack You can cover up floor that you don't really care for and then I'm also mopping it with a Norwex mop these mops do not hold much water So they're kind of more like a damp mop and they do a really good job because they do have silver in them So they kill bacteria and they clean well But without damaging too badly and then the other thing is too is you can easily replace sections of this floor Something were to happen to it and I probably will replace it completely in a few months just because I don't want It to get too stuck I'm gonna be checking on it just to make sure that it's not hurting the floor underneath or that the adhesive is coming off Most of the other people that I've seen do this It's done well for them and they've never had an issue with the adhesive coming off on the back But I do want to keep an eye on it So I know there was a lot of concerns on my last couple videos about all of those things and I'm very mindful of them I truly believe in having respect for somebody else's property and I would never want to do anything that damages it If you're cleaning along with me today, I hope that you're getting all of your things done I know sometimes it's hard to get motivated and get up and get it done and every time I'm done cleaning I just feel like why don't I do this more often? There's days that I don't get my cleaning done and the house is a wreck and you know real life But it's so rewarding when you actually get up and get everything tackled and it feels so fresh And it definitely helps me be more mentally clear when my house is cleaned up So here is my one load of laundry for this day And I just feel like even if it takes me 30 minutes extra to fold a load of laundry and to load my dishwasher Though that 30 minutes will save me so much headache and to not have it all backed up and do it every couple days It might just be me But I feel like it's the most efficient way to get my dishes and laundry done. It's to do a little bit every day It's our way we're 66 and we keep on driving we just do what we want to do Our dishwasher runs so fast and so it was done by now and I just got everything out put it all away and then reloaded it Here I'd love it if you hit the subscribe button. I hope you enjoyed this video I hope it gave you a lot of motivation to get your things done Don't forget to give it a like for me and I will see you guys in my next video
|
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"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2KwCKG9gp4",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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|
UCb9okJF6NGPDUGgAQxu3TcA
|
Static Charactersitics of Instruments - II
|
Miss Milka J. Jagale, Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, Walchand Institute of Technology, Solapur.
|
[
"Static Charactersitics",
"hysteresis",
"dead zone & drift"
] | 2021-04-23T08:05:22 | 2024-02-08T20:37:08 | 678 |
y2j9bvHVuL8
|
Hello, I am Milka Juggle, working as assistant professor in Department of Mechanical Engineering Wolchen Institute of Technology, Solapur. Today, we are going to learn about static characteristics of instrument. Let us see, learning outcome. At the end of this session, learner will be acquainted with static terms and characteristics of measurement instrument. So, this is the content for today's presentation, instrument characteristics, what are various instrument characteristics that is static and dynamic and the static characteristics. In this video, we will be learning about static and in the next video, we will see dynamic characteristics. Instrument characteristic, instrument performance is described by means of quantitative qualities which are referred as characteristics, those are static and dynamic characteristics. So, let us see what is static characteristics. Static characteristics belong to a system where quantities to be measured are constant or may vary slowly with time. Dynamic characteristics, in this dynamic characteristics, when the instrument is required to measure a time varying process variable, if the process variable is not constant and it varies with respect to time, then that has to be concerned with dynamic characteristics, which quantify the dynamic relation between instrument input and output. So, these are the two characteristics, static and dynamic characteristics. So, now I want you to pause the video for few seconds and list down few static and dynamic characteristics you know. The measured is constant, then static and the dynamic is when it changes with respect to time. So, let us see what are static characteristics. First one, range and span. So, range is the region between the limits within which an instrument is designed to operate, to measure, to indicate or to record a physical quantity. So, if you take an instrument to measure some quantity, then the limits, it will have an upper and lower limit. So, that region, the region between upper and lower limit is known as range, range of that particular instrument. Span, span represents the algebraic difference between upper and lower range. So, let us see an example of, you will understand if we will take an example. So, range, if a voltmeter is used to measure the voltage within a range of 0 volt to 75 volts, then the range of that voltmeter will be 0 to 75, the region is nothing but the range of that voltmeter is 0 volt to 75 volt. So, in the same way, if the range of the thermometer is measuring the temperature between minus 20 to 60 degree, so here the range is minus 20 degree to 60 degree is the range, whereas span, as we have discussed, span is the algebraic difference between the upper and lower range value. Now, the thermometer upper range value is 60 and the lower range value is minus 20, 60 minus of minus 20, that is range is 80 degrees and here the range is 75 minus 0, that is 75 volts. I hope you understood the range and the span. Now, let us see accuracy error and correction, accuracy. Accuracy is nothing but degree of closeness to the true value or to the standard value as the slide shows, accuracy of an indicated value may be defined as closeness to an accepted standard value. So, it is nothing but degree of closeness to the standard value. Figure 2 shows the accuracy. In this diagram, it shows that all the arrows are striped at the bull's eye, so it is known as accurate, the shots are known to be accurate, so the difference between measured value and true value of the quantity is expressed as an instrument error. This is our area of interest, that is bull's eye, the arrows are to be targeted here and all the arrows are accurately targeted in this bull's eye region. The difference between true value and measured value of the quantity is correction. The instrument ability to reproduce a certain group of readings with accuracy is known as precision. Ability of instrument to give same readings over and over again for a constant input signal is known as precision. So, figure number 3 shows example of precision. So here, our target is bull's eye, but all the arrows are striped on the particular area. The arrows are striped on this particular region, so these readings are said to be precise readings. Calibration, can you tell me what is calibration? Calibration is nothing but comparing with the standards, comparing the measurement with the standards. So the entire procedure led down for making, adjusting or checking a scale, so that readings of an instrument or measurement system conform to an accepted standard is called as calibration. So figure number 4 shows calibration. So the instruments need to be calibrated in equal interval of time, then only the readings given by the instruments or results of the instrument are accurate. Repeatability, the name itself indicates it is nothing but ability of a system or ability of an instrument to give same output for repeated applications of same input value or same conditions of measurement. If an instrument gives the repeated readings of same value for same input, then that is known as repeatability. Now figure number 5 shows this diagram shows it is accurate and repeatable. Here it shows it is not accurate but it is repeatable. Third figure shows it is accurate but not repeatable whereas fourth shows not accurate and not repeatable. In this we need to focus on first and second diagram that is in this two the readings are repeatable. So just concentrate, do not concentrate on accuracy just see the repeated readings. Here the readings or the shots are repeatable. Reproducibility, reproducibility describes the ability to be reproduced or copied. It is closeness between measurements of same quantity when measurements are made under different conditions like different locations, different operators, different conditions of instrument and different instruments and over a long period of time. So figure number 6 shows reproducibility. So if you see here it is repeatability and it is reproducibility and this line shows the reference value. The working range of most of the instruments provide linear relationship between output and input. So we know the straight line equation is y equal to mx plus c. So linearity is also defined as ability to reproduce the input characteristics symmetrically and this can be expressed by straight line equation. So this is nothing but linearity. This is the red color line is best fit line and actual reading is this one, black one. So there is the figure number 7 shows linear relationship of sensor output versus pressure. Threshold, so what is threshold? Threshold defines the minimum value of input which is necessary to cause detectable change from zero output. Threshold can be caused by backlash or internal noise. These both figure shows the threshold. This is the threshold region that is detectable change is caused from zero input. In most of the digital system when the power is supplied it needs to show or it needs to reflect on the recorder systems or display systems. When input signal is increased from non-zero value it is observed that output does not change until certain input increment is exceeded or resolution can also be defined as smallest change of input for which there will be a change of output. So these are the references. Thank you.
|
{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2j9bvHVuL8",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}
|
UCly1zcKPGzGW9wZMCZodWOA
|
Rainbow | D. H. Lawrence | General Fiction | Audiobook | English | 4/11
|
https://gobalex.info/The-Art-Thief-Kindle-Edition https://bit.ly/AIFN https://bit.ly/m/LSUNIQADENTAL https://bit.ly/ABOOK Audiobooks have many benefits for listeners and audiobook lovers. Here are some of them:
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|
[
"Rainbow",
"D. H. Lawrence",
"General Fiction",
"audiobookUCly1zcKPGzGW9wZMCZodWOA",
"audiolibroUCly1zcKPGzGW9wZMCZodWOA",
"sonlibroUCly1zcKPGzGW9wZMCZodWOA",
"audiobook",
"audiobooks",
"audio book",
"audio books",
"Audiolibro",
"hörbuch",
"Livre audio",
"livro falado",
"Luisterboek",
"Аудиокнига",
"ספר מוקלט",
"Książka mówiona",
"Ljudbok",
"Lydbog",
"Äänikirja",
"Sonlibro",
"hangoskönyv",
"Аудіокнига",
"Аудиокниги",
"persuasion audiobook",
"sample",
"samples",
"hip hop samples",
"sample breakdown"
] | 2020-05-08T01:40:48 | 2024-04-23T22:46:05 | 5,686 |
y2cbbrrwhO8
|
CHAPTER 6 ANNA VICTRICS PART I O'Branquin had some weeks of holiday after his marriage, so the two took their honeymoon in full hands, alone in their cottage together. And to him, as the days went by, it was as if the heavens had fallen, and he was sitting with her among the ruins, in a new world, everybody else buried, themselves, two blissful survivors, with everything to squander as they would. At first he could not get rid of a culpable sense of license on his part. But there was some duty outside, calling him, and he did not come. It was all very well at night, when the doors were locked, and the darkness drawn round the two of them. Then they were the only inhabitants of the visible earth. The rest were under the flood. And being alone in the world, they were a law unto themselves. They could enjoy and squander and waste, like conscienceless gods. But in the morning, as the carts clanked by, and children shouted down the lane, as the hucksters came calling their wares, and the church clock struck eleven, and he and she had not got up yet, even to breakfast. He could not help feeling guilty, as if he were committing a breach of the law, ashamed that he was not up and doing. Doing what, she asked, what is there to do? You will only lounge about. Still, even lounging about was respectable, one was at least in connection with the world then, whereas now, lying so still and peacefully, while the daylight came obscurely through the drawn blind, one was severed from the world, one shut oneself off in tacit denial of the world, and he was troubled. But it was so sweet and satisfying, lying there, talking to sultrily with her. It was sweeter than sunshine, and not so evanescent. It was even irritating the way the church clock kept on chiming. There seemed to no space between the hours, just a moment, golden and still, while she traced his features with her fingertips, utterly careless and happy, and he loved her to do it. But he was strange and unused, so suddenly everything that had been before was shed away and gone. One day he was a bachelor, living with the world, the next day he was with her, as remote from the world as if the two of them were buried like a seed in darkness. Only like a chestnut falling out of a burr, he was shed naked and glistening onto a soft feckoned earth, leaving behind him the hard rind of worldly knowledge and experience. He heard it and the hucksters' cries, the noise of carts, the calling of children, and it was all like the hard shed rind discarded. Inside in the softness and stillness of the room was the naked colonel that palpitated in silent activity, absorbed in reality. Inside the room was a great steadiness, a core of living eternity. Only far outside at the rim went on the noise and the destruction. Here at the center the great wheel was motionless, centered upon itself. Here was a poised, unflodged stillness that was beyond time because it remained the same, inexhaustible, unchanging, unexhausted. As they lay close together, complete and beyond the touch of time or change, it was as if they were at the very center of all the slow wheeling of space and of the rapid agitation of life, deep inside them all at the center where there is utter radiance and eternal being and the silence absorbed in praise, the steady core of all movements, the unawakened sleep of all wakefulness. They found themselves there and they lay still in each other's arms. For their moment they were at the heart of eternity, whilst time roared far off, forever far off, towards the rim. Then gradually they were passed away from the supreme center, down the circles of praise and joy and gladness, further and further out towards the noise and the friction. But their hearts had burned and were tempered by the inner reality. They were unalterably glad. Gradually they began to wake up. The noises outside became more real. They understood and answered the call outside. They counted the strokes of the bell, and when they counted midday they understood that it was midday in the world and for themselves also. It dawned upon her that she was hungry. She had been getting hungrier for a lifetime, but even yet it was not sufficiently real to rouse her. A long way off she could hear the words, I am dying of hunger. Yet she lay still, separate at peace, and the words were unuttered. There was still another lapse. And then quite calmly, even a little surprised, she was in the present and was saying, I am dying with hunger. So am I, he said calmly, as if it were of not the slightest significance, and they relapsed into the warm golden stillness and the minutes flowed unheated past the window outside. Then suddenly she stirred against him, my dear, I am dying of hunger, she said. It was a slight pain to him to be brought to. We'll get up, he said, unmoving. And she sank her head on to him again, and they lay still, lapsing. Half-consciously he heard the clock chime the hour. She did not hear. Do get up, she murmured at length, and give me something to eat. Yes, he said, and he put his arms round her, and she lay with her face on him. They were faintly astonished that they did not move. The minutes rustled louder at the window. Let me go, then, he said. She lifted her head from him relinquishingly. With a little breaking away he moved out of bed, and was taking his clothes. She stretched out her hand to him. You are so nice, she said, and he went back for a moment or two. Then actually he did slip into some clothes, and looking round quickly at her was gone out of the room. She lay translated again into a pale, clearer piece as if she were a spirit. She listened to the noise of him downstairs as if she were no longer of the material world. It was half-past one. He looked at the silent kitchen, untouched from last night, dim with the drawn blind, and he hastened to draw up the blind so people should know they were not in bed any later. While it was his own house it did not matter. Hastily he put wood in the grate and made a fire. He exalted in himself like an adventurer on an undiscovered island. The fire blazed up. He put on the kettle. How happy he felt! How still and secluded the house was! There were only he and she in the world. But when he unbolted the door and half-dressed looked out he felt furtive and guilty. The world was there after all, and he had felt so secure as though this house were the ark and the flood, and all the rest was drowned. The world was there, and it was afternoon. The morning had vanished and gone by, the day was growing old. Where was the bright fresh morning? He was accused. Was the morning gone, and he had lain with blinds drawn, let it pass by unnoticed? He looked again round to the chill gray afternoon, and he himself so soft and warm and glowing. There were two sprigs of yellow jasmine in the saucer that covered the milk jug. He wondered who had been and left the sign. Taking the jug he hastily shut the door, left the day and the daylight drop out, let it go by unseen. He did not care. What did one day more or less matter to him? It could fall into oblivion unspent of it light, this one course of daylight. Somebody has been and found the door locked, he said, when he went upstairs with the tray. He gave her the two sprigs of jasmine. She laughed as she sat up in bed, childishly threading the flowers in the breast of her nightdress. Her brown hair stuck out like a nimbus, all fierce, round her softly glowing face. Her dark eyes watched the tray eagerly. "'How good!' she cried, sniffing the cold air. I'm glad you did a lot!' And she stretched out her hands eagerly for her plate. "'Come back to bed quick, it's cold!' She rubbed her hands together sharply. She put off what little clothing he had on and sat beside her in the bed. "'You look like a lion with your mane sticking out and your nose pushed over your food,' he said. She tinkled with laughter and gladly ate her breakfast. The morning was sunk away unseen. The afternoon was steadily going to, and he was letting it go. One bright, transitive daylight, gone by unacknowledged. There was something unmanly, recusant in it. He could not quite reconcile himself to the fact. He felt he ought to get up, go out quickly into the daylight and work, or spend himself energetically in the open air of the afternoon, retrieving what was left to him of the day. But he did not go. Well, one might as well be hung for his sheep as for a lamb. If he had lost this day of his life he had lost it. He gave it up. He was not going to count his losses. She didn't care. She didn't care in the least. Then why should he? Should he be behind her in recklessness and independence? She was superb in her indifference. He wanted to be like her. She took her responsibilities lightly. When she spilled her tea on the pillow she rubbed it carelessly with a handkerchief and turned over the pillow. He would have felt guilty. She did not. And it pleased him. It pleased him very much to see how these things did not matter to her. When the meal was over she wiped her mouth on her handkerchief, quickly satisfied and happy, and settled down on the pillow again with her fingers in his close strange fur-like hair. The evening began to fall. The light was half alive, livid. He hid his face against her. I don't like the twilight, he said. I love it, she answered. He hid his face against her who was warm and like sunlight. She seemed to have sunlight inside her. Her heart beating seemed like sunlight upon him. Then her was a more real day than the day could give, so warm and steady and restoring. He hid his face against her whilst the twilight fell, whilst she lay staring out with her unseeing dark eyes as if she wandered forth untrammeled in the vagueness. The vagueness gave her scope and set her free. To him turned towards her heart-pulse, all was very still and very warm and very close, like noon tide. He was glad to know this warm, full noon. It ripened him and took away his responsibility, some of his conscience. They got up when it was quite dark. She hastily twisted her hair into a knot and was dressed in a twinkling. Then they went downstairs, drew to the fire and sat in silence, saying a few words now and then. Her father was coming. She bundled the dishes away, flew round and tidied the room, assumed another character, and again seated herself. He sat thinking of his carving of Eve. He loved to go over his carving in his mind, dwelling on every stroke, every line. How he loved it now. When he went back to his creation panel again, he would finish his Eve, tender and sparkling. It did not satisfy him yet. The Lord should labor over her in a silent passion of creation, and Adam should be tense as if in a dream of immortality, and Eve should take form glimmeringly, shadowily as if the Lord must wrestle with his own soul for her, yet she was a radiance. What are you thinking about? She asked. He found it difficult to say. His soul became shy when he tried to communicate it. I was thinking my Eve was too hard and lively. Why? I don't know. She should be more—he made a gesture of infinite tenderness. There was a stillness with a little joy. He could not tell her any more. Why could he not tell her any more? She felt a pang of disconsolate sadness, but it was nothing. She went to him. Her father came and found them both very glowing, like an open flower. He loved to sit with them. Where there was a perfume of love, anyone who came must breathe it. There were both very quick and alive, lit up from the other world, so that it was quite an experience for them that anyone else could exist. But still it troubled Will Brangwin a little, in his orderly conventional mind, that the established rule of things had gone so utterly. One ought to get up in the morning and wash oneself and be a decent social being. Instead, the two of them stayed in bed till nightfall and then got up. She never washed her face, but sat there talking to her father as bright and shameless as a daisy opened out of the dew. Or she got up at ten o'clock and quite blithely went to bed again at three or at half-past four, stripping him naked in the daylight and also gladly and perfectly oblivious quite of his qualms. He let her do as she liked with him and shone with strange pleasure. She was to dispose of him as she would. He was translated with gladness to be in her hands, and down went his qualms, his maxims, his rules, his smaller beliefs. She scattered them like an expert skittle-player. He was very much astonished and delighted to see them scatter. He stood and gazed and grinned with wonder whilst his tablets of stone went bounding and bumping and splintering down the hill, dislodged forever. Indeed it was true, as they said, that a man wasn't born before he was married. What a change indeed! He surveyed the rind of the world, houses, factories, trams, the discarded rind, people scurrying about, work going on, all on the discarded surface. An earthquake had burst at all from inside. It was as if the surface of the world had been broken away and tired. Ilkston, streets, church, people, work, rule of the day, all intact, and yet peeled away into unreality, leaving here exposed the inside, the reality, one's own being, strange feelings and passions and yearnings and beliefs and aspirations, suddenly become present, revealed, the permanent bedrock, knitted one rock with the woman he loved. It was confounding. Things are not what they seem. When he was a child he had thought a woman was a woman merely by virtue of her skirts and petticoats. And now, lo! the whole world could be divested of its garment. The garment could lie there, shed away intact, and one could stand in a new world, a new earth, naked, in a new naked universe. It was too astounding and miraculous. This then was marriage. The old things didn't matter any more. One got up at four o'clock and had broth at tea time and made toffee in the middle of the night. One didn't put on one's clothes, or one did put on one's clothes. He still was not quite sure it was not criminal, but it was a discovery to find one might be so supremely absolved. All that mattered was that he should love her, and she should love him, and they should live kindled to one another like the Lord in two burning bushes that were not consumed, and so they lived for the time. She was less hampered than he, so she came more quickly to her fullness, and was sooner ready to enjoy again a return to the outside world. She was going to give a tea-party. His heart sank. He wanted to go on, to go on as they were. He wanted to have done with the outside world, to declare it finished forever. He was anxious with a deep desire and anxiety that she should stay with him where they were, in the timeless universe of free, perfect limbs and immortal breasts, affirming that the old outward order was finished. The new order was begun to last forever, the living life palpitating from the gleaming core to action without crust or cover or outward lie. But no, he could not keep her. She wanted the dead world again. She wanted to walk on the outside once more. She was going to give a tea-party. It made him frightened and furious and miserable. He was afraid all would be lost that he had so newly come into, like the youth in the fairytale, who was king for one day in the year and for the rest a beaten herd, like Cinderella also at the feast. He was sullen, but she blithely began to make preparations for her tea-party. His fear was too strong. He was troubled. He hated her shallow anticipation and joy. Was she not forfeiting the reality, the one reality for all that was shallow and worthless? Wasn't she carelessly taking off her crown to be an artificial figure, having other artificial women to tea, when she might have been perfect with him and kept him perfect in the land of intimate connection? Now he must be deposed. His joy must be destroyed. He must put on the vulgar, shallow death of an outward existence. He ground his soul in uneasiness and fear, but she rose to a real outburst of housework, turning him away as she shoved the furniture aside to her broom. He stood hanging miserable near. He wanted her back, dread and desire for her to stay with him and shame at his own dependence on her drove him to anger. He began to lose his head. The wonder was going to pass away again. All the love, the magnificent new order, was going to be lost. She would forfeit it all for the outside things. She would admit the outside world again. She would throw away the living fruit for the ostensible rind. He began to hate this in her. Driven by fear of her departure into a state of helplessness, almost of imbecility, he wandered about the house. And she, with her skirts kilted up, flew round at her work absorbed. Shake the rug, then, if you must hang round, she said. And fretting with resentment, he went to shake the rug. She was blithely unconscious of him. He came back, hanging near to her. Can't you do anything, she said, as if to a child, impatiently? Can't you do your woodwork? Where shall I do it? He asked, harsh with pain. Anywhere. How furious that made him. Or go for a walk, she continued. Go down to the marsh. Don't hang about as if you were only half there. He winced and hated it. He went away to read. Never had his soul felt so flayed and uncreated. And soon he must come down again to her, his hovering near her, wanting her to be with him, the futility of him, the way his hands hung, irritated her beyond bearing. She turned on him blindly and destructively. He became a mad creature, black and electric with fury. The dark storms rose in him. His eyes glowed black and evil. He was fiendish in his thwarted soul. There followed two black and ghastly days when she was set in anguish against him, and he felt as if he were in a black, violent underworld, and his wrists quivered murderously. And she resisted him. She seemed a dark, almost evil thing, pursuing her, hanging on to her, burdening her. She would give anything to have him removed. You need some work to do, she said. You ought to be at work. Can't you do something? His soul only grew the blacker. His condition now became complete. The darkness of his soul was thorough. Everything had gone. He remained complete in his own tense black will. He was now unaware of her. He did not exist. His dark, passionate soul had recoiled upon itself, and now clinched and coiled round a center of hatred existed in its own power. There was a curiously ugly pallor and expressionlessness in his face. She shuddered from him. She was afraid of him. His will seemed grappled upon her. She retreated before him. She went down to the marsh. She entered again the immunity of her parents' love for her. He remained at you cottage, black and clinched, his mind dead. He was unable to work at his wood carving. He went on working monotonously at the garden, blindly, like a mole. As she came home up the hill, looking away at the town dim and blue on the hill, her heart relaxed and became yearning. She did not want to fight him any more. She wanted love, oh, love. Her feet began to hurry. She wanted to get back to him. Her heart became tight with yearning for him. He had been making the garden in order, cutting the edges of the turf, laying the path with stones. He was a good, capable workman. How nice you've made it, she said, approaching tentatively down the path. But he did not heed. He did not hear. His brain was solid and dead. Haven't you made it nice? She repeated, rather plaintively. She looked up at her with that fixed, expressionless face and unseeing eyes which shocked her, made her go dazed and blind, then he turned away. She saw his slender, stooping figure groping. A revulsion came over her. She went indoors. As she took off her hat in the bedroom she found herself weeping bitterly with some of the old, anguished, childish desolation. She sat still and cried on. She did not want him to know. She was afraid of his hard, evil moments. The head dropped a little rigidly in a crouching, cruel way. She was afraid of him. He seemed to lacerate her sensitive femaleness. He seemed to hurt her womb to take pleasure in torturing her. He came into the house. The sound of his footsteps and his heavy boots filled her with horror. A hard, cruel, malignant sound. She was afraid he would come upstairs, but he did not. She waited apprehensively. He went out. Where she was most vulnerable he hurt her. O, where she was delivered over to him in her very soft femaleness, he seemed to lacerate her and desecrate her. She pressed her hands over her womb and anguished whilst the tears ran down her face. And why, and why, why was he like this? Suddenly she dried her tears. She must get the tea ready. She went downstairs and set the table. When the meal was ready she called to him. I've mashed the tea. Will are you coming? She herself could hear the sound of tears in her own voice and she began to cry again. He did not answer, but went on with his work. She waited a few minutes in anguish. Fear came over her. She was panic-stricken with terror, like a child, and she could not go home again to her father. She was held by the power in this man who had taken her. She turned indoors so that he should not see her tears. She sat down to table. Presently, he came into the scullery. His movements jarred on her as she heard them. How horrible was the way he pumped, exacerbating, so cruel. How she hated to hear him. How he hated her. How his hatred was like blows upon her. The tears were coming again. He came in, his face wooden and lifeless, fixed, persistent. He sat down to tea. His head dropped over his cup, uglily. His hands were red from the cold water, and there were rims of earth in his nails. He went on with his tea. It was his negative insensitiveness to her that she could not bear, something clayy and ugly. His intelligence was self-absorbed. How unnatural it was to sit with a self-absorbed creature, like something negative, a scanced opposite one. Nothing could touch him. He could only absorb things into his own self. The tears were running down her face. Something startled him, and he was looking at her with his hateful, hard, bright eyes, hard and unchanging as a bird of prey. What are you crying for? came the grating voice. She wince through her womb. She could not stop crying. What are you crying for? came the question again in just the same tone, and still there was silence with only the sniff of her tears. His eyes glittered, and as if with malignant desire. She shrank and became blind. She was like a bird being beaten down. A sort of swoon of helplessness came over her. She was of another order than he. She had no defense against him. Against such an influence she was only vulnerable. She was given up. He rose and went out of the house possessed by the evil spirit. It tortured him, and wracked him, and fought in him. And whilst he worked in the deepening twilight it left him. Suddenly he saw that she was hurt. He had only seen her triumphant before. Suddenly his heart was torn with compassion for her. He became alive again in an anguish of compassion. He could not bear to think of her tears. He could not bear it. He wanted to go to her and pour out his heart's blood to her. He wanted to give everything to her. All his blood, his life, to the last dregs. Pour everything away to her. He yearned with passionate desire to offer himself to her, utterly. The evening star came and the night she had not lighted the lamp. His heart burned with pain and with grief. He trembled to go to her. And at last he went, hesitating, burdened with a great offering. The hardness had gone out of him. His body was sensitive, slightly trembling. His hand was curiously sensitive, shrinking as he shut the door. He fixed the latch almost tenderly. In the kitchen was only the fire-glow. He could not see her. He quivered with dread lest she had gone. He knew not where. In shrinking dread he went through to the parlor, to the foot of the stairs. Anna, he called? There was no answer. He went up the stairs, in dread of the empty house, the horrible emptiness that made his heart ring with insanity. He opened the bedroom door, and his heart flashed with certainty that she had gone, that he was alone. But he saw her on the bed, lying very still and scarcely noticeable, with her back to him. He went and put his hand on her shoulder, very gently, hesitating, in a great fear and self-offering. She did not move. He waited. The hand that touched her shoulder hurt him, as if she was sending it away. He stood dim with pain. Anna, he said. But still she was motionless, like a curled-up oblivious creature. His heart beat with strange throws of pain. Then by emotion under his hand he knew she was crying, holding herself hard so that her tears should not be known. He waited. The tension continued. Perhaps she was not crying, then suddenly relapsed with a sharp catch of a sob. His heart flamed with love and suffering for her, kneeling carefully on the bed so that his earthy boots should not touch it. He took her in his arms to comfort her. The sobs gathered in her. She was sobbing bitterly, but not to him. She was still away from him. He held her against his breast whilst she sobbed, withheld from him, and all his body vibrated against her. Don't cry, don't cry, he said, with an odd simplicity. His heart was calm and numb with a sort of innocence of love now. She still sobbed, ignoring him, ignoring that he held her. His lips were dry. Don't cry, my love, he said, in the same abstract way. In his breast his heart burned like a torch with suffering. He could not bear the desolateness of her crying. He would have soothed her with his blood. He heard the church clock chime as if it touched him, and he waited in suspense for it to have gone by. It was quiet again. My love, he said to her, bending to touch her wet face with his mouth. He was afraid to touch her, how wet her face was. His body trembled as he held her. He loved her till he felt his heart and all his veins would burst and flood her with his hot, healing blood. He knew his blood would heal and restore her. She was becoming quieter. He thanked the God of Mercy that at last she was becoming quieter. His head felt so strange and blazed. Still he held her close with trembling arms. His blood seemed very strong, enveloping her. And at last she began to draw near to him. She nestled to him. His limbs, his body, took fire and beat up in flames. She clung to him. She cleaved to his body. The flames swept him. He held her in sinews of fire. If she would kiss him, he bent his mouth down, and her mouth soft and moist received him. He felt his veins would burst with anguish of thankfulness. His heart was mad with gratefulness. He could pour himself out upon her forever. When they came to themselves the night was very dark. Two hours had gone by. They lay still and warm and weak like the newborn together. And there was a silence almost of the unborn. Only his heart was weeping happily after the pain. He did not understand. He had yielded, given way. There was no understanding there could be only acquiescence and submission and tremulous wonder of consummation. The next morning when they woke up it had snowed. He wondered what was the strange pallor in the air and the unusual tang. Snow was on the grass and the window sill. It weighed down the black ragged branches of the ewes and smoothed the graves in the churchyard. When it began to snow again and they were shut in. He was glad. For then they were immune in a shadowy silence. There was no world, no time. Chapter 6 Part 2 of the Rainbow This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer please visit LibriVox.org. The Rainbow by D. H. Lawrence. Chapter 6 Part 2 The snow lasted for some days. On the Sunday they went to church. They made a line of footprints across the garden. He left a flat snow print of his hand on the wall as he vaulted over. They traced the snow across the churchyard. For three days they had been immune in a perfect love. There were very few people in church and she was glad. She did not care much for church. She had never questioned any beliefs since she was, from habit and custom, a regular attendant at morning service. But she had ceased to come with any anticipation. Today, however, in the strangeness of snow, after such consummation of love, she felt expectant again and delighted. She was still in the eternal world. She used, after she went to the high school and wanted to be a lady, wanted to fulfill some mysterious ideal, always to listen to the sermon and to try to gather suggestions. That was all very well for a while. The vicar told her to be good in this way and in that. She went away feeling it was her highest aim to fulfill these injunctions. But quickly this pawled. After a short time she was not very much interested in being good. Her soul was in quest of something which was not just being good and doing one's best. No, she wanted something else, something that was not her readymade duty. Everything seemed to be merely a matter of social duty and never of herself. They talked about her soul, but somehow never managed to rouse or to implicate her soul, as yet her soul was not brought in at all. So that whilst she had an affection for Mr. Loversheed, the vicar, and a protective sort of feeling for cassette church, wanting always to help it and defend it, it counted very small in her life. Not but that she was conscious of some unsatisfaction. When her husband was roused by the thought of the churches, then she became hostile to the ostensible church. She hated it for not fulfilling anything in her. The church told her to be good, very well. She had no idea of contradicting what it said. The church talked about her soul, about the welfare of mankind, as if the saving of her soul lay in her performing certain acts conducive to the welfare of mankind. Well and good it was so, then. Nevertheless, as she sat in church, her face had a pathos and a poignancy. Was this what she had come to hear, how by doing this thing and by not doing that she could save her soul? She did not contradict it, but the pathos of her face gave the lie. There was something else she wanted to hear. It was something else she asked for from the church. But who was she to affirm it? And what was she doing with unsatisfied desires? She was ashamed. She ignored them and left them out of count as much as possible. Her underneath yearnings. They angered her. She wanted to be like other people, decently satisfied. He angered her more than ever. Church had an irresistible attraction for him, and he paid no more attention to that part of the service which was church to her than if he had been an angel or a fabulous beast sitting there. He simply paid no heed to the sermon or to the meaning of the service. There was something thick, dark, dense, powerful about him that irritated her too deeply for her to speak of it. The church teaching in itself meant nothing to him. And forgive us our trespasses as we forgive them that trespass against us, it simply did not touch him. It might have been mere sounds, and it would have acted upon him in the same way. He did not want things to be intelligible, and he did not care about his trespasses, neither about the trespasses of his neighbor when he was in church. Leave that care for weekdays. When he was in church, he took no more notice of his daily life. It was weekday stuff. As for the welfare of mankind, he merely did not realize that there was any such thing, except on weekdays when he was good-natured enough. In church, he wanted a dark, nameless emotion, the emotion of all the great mysteries of passion. He was not interested in the thought of himself or of her. Oh, and how that irritated her. He ignored the sermon. He ignored the greatness of mankind. He did not admit the immediate importance of mankind. He did not care about himself as a human being. He did not attach any vital importance to his life in the drafting office or his life among men. That was just merely the margin to the text. The verity was his connection with Anna and his connection with the church. His real being lay in his dark emotional experience of the infinite, of the absolute, and the great mysterious illuminated capitals to the text were his feelings with the church. It exasperated her beyond measure. She could not get out of the church the satisfaction he got. The thought of her soul was intimately mixed up with the thought of her own self. Indeed, her soul and her own self were one and the same in her, whereas he seemed simply to ignore the fact of his own self, almost to refute it. He had a soul, a dark, inhuman thing carrying nothing for humanity, so she conceived it, and in the gloom and the mystery of the church his soul lived and ran free like some strange underground thing, abstract. He was very strange to her, and in this church spirit, in conceiving himself as a soul, he seemed to escape and run free of her. In a way she envied at him, this dark freedom and jubilation of the soul, some strange entity in him. It fascinated her. Again she hated it, and again she despised him, wanted to destroy it in him. This snowy morning he sat with a dark bright face beside her, not aware of her, and somehow she felt he was conveying to strange secret places the love that sprang in him for her. He sat with a dark, wrapped, half-delighted face, looking at a little stained window. She saw the ruby-colored glass with the shadow heaved along the bottom from the snow outside, and of the familiar yellow figure of the lamb holding the banner, a little darkened now, but in the murky interior strangely luminous, pregnant. She had always liked the little red and yellow window. The lamb, looking very silly and self-conscious, was holding up a forepaw in the cleft of which was dangerously perched a little flag with a red cross. Very pale yellow the lamb, with greenish shadows. Since she was a child she had liked this creature, with the same feelings she felt for the little woolly lambs on green legs the children carried home from the fair every year. She had always liked these toys, and she had the same amused childish liking for this church lamb, yet she had always been uneasy about it. She was never sure that this lamb, with a flag, did not want to be more than it appeared, so she half mistrusted it. There was a mixture of dislike in her attitude to it. Now by a curious gathering, knitting of his eyes, the faintest tension of ecstasy on his face, he gave her the uncomfortable feeling that he was in correspondence with the creature, the lamb in the window. A cold wonder came over her, her soul was perplexed. There he sat, motionless, timeless, with the faint, bright tension on his face. What was he doing? What connection was there between him and the lamb in the glass? Suddenly it gleamed to her dominant, this lamb with the flag. Suddenly she had a powerful, mystic experience, the power of the tradition seized on her. She was transported to another world, and she hated it, resisted it. Instantly it was only a silly lamb in the glass again, and dark, violent hatred of her husband swept up in her. What was he doing, sitting there gleaming, carried away, soulful? She shifted sharply. She knocked him as she pretended to pick up her glove. She groped among his feet. He came to, rather bewildered, exposed. Anybody but her would have pitied him. She wanted to rend him. He did not know what was amiss, what he had been doing. As they sat at dinner in their cottage, he was dazed by the chill of antagonism from her. She did not know why she was so angry, but she was incensed. Why do you never listen to the sermon, she asked, seething with hostility and violation? I do, he said. You don't. You don't hear a single word. He retired into himself to enjoy his own sensation. There was something subterranean about him, as if he had an underworld refuge. The young girl hated to be in the house with him when he was like this. After dinner he retired into the parlor, continuing in the same state of abstraction, which was a burden intolerable to her. Then he went to the bookshelf and took down books to look at that she had scarcely glanced over. He sat absorbed over a book on the illuminations and old missiles, and then over a book on paintings and churches, Italian, English, French, and German. He had, when he was sixteen, discovered a Roman Catholic bookshop where he could find such things. He turned the leaves in absorption, absorbed in looking, not thinking. He was like a man whose eyes were in his chest, she said of him later. She came to look at the things with him. Half they fascinated her. She was puzzled, interested, and antagonistic. It was when she came to pictures of the pieta that she burst out, I do think, their loathsome, she cried. What? He said, surprised, abstracted. Those bodies with slits in them posing to be worshiped? You see, it means the sacraments, the bread, he said slowly. Does it? She cried. Then it's worse. I don't want to see your chest slit, nor to eat your dead body, even if you offer it to me. Can't you see it's horrible? It isn't me, it's Christ. What if it is? It's you, and it's horrible. You wallowing in your own dead body and thinking of eating it in the sacrament. You've got to take it for what it means. It means your human body put up to be slit, and killed, and then worshiped. What else? Delapsed into silence. His soul grew angry and aloof. And I think that lamb in church, she said, is the biggest joke in the parish. She burst into a poof of ridiculing laughter. It might be to those that see nothing in it, he said. You know it's the symbol of Christ, of his innocence and sacrifice. Whatever it means, it's a lamb, she said. And I like lambs too much to treat them as if they had to mean something. As for the Christmas tree flag, no. And again, she poofed with mockery. It's because you don't know anything, he said violently, harshly. Laugh at what you know, not at what you don't know. What don't I know? What things mean, and what does it mean? He was reluctant to answer her. He found it difficult. What does it mean? She insisted. It means the triumph of the resurrection. She hesitated, baffled. A fear came upon her. What were these things? Something dark and powerful seemed to extend before her. Was it wonderful after all? But no, she refused it. Whatever it may pretend to mean, what it is, is a silly, absurd toy lamb with a Christmas tree flag ledged on its paw. And if it wants to mean anything else, it must look different from that. He was in a state of violent irritation against her. Partly he was ashamed of his love for these things. He hid his passion for them. He was ashamed of the ecstasy into which he could throw himself with these symbols. And for a few moments he hated the lamb and the mystic pictures of the Eucharist with a violent ashy hatred. His fire was put out. She had thrown cold water on it. The whole thing was distasteful to him. His mouth was full of ashes. He went out cold with corpse-like anger, leaving her alone. He hated her. He walked through the white snow under a sky of lead. And she wept again in bitter recurrence of the previous gloom. But her heart was easy, oh, much more easy. She was quite willing to make it up with him when he came home again. He was black and surly, but abated. She had broken a little of something in him. And at length he was glad to forfeit from his soul all his symbols to have her making love to him. He loved it when she put her head on his knee and he had not asked her to or wanted her to. He loved her when she put her arms round him and made bold love to him, and he did not make love to her. He felt a strong blood in his limbs again. And she loved the intent, far look of his eyes when they rested on her, intent yet far, not near, not with her. And she wanted to bring them near. She wanted his eyes to come to hers, to know her, and they would not. They remained intent and far and proud, like a hawk, naive and inhuman as a hawk. So she loved him and caressed him and roused him like a hawk till he was keen and instant, but without tenderness. He came to her fierce and hard like a hawk, striking and taking her. He was no mystic any more. She was his aim and object, his prey. And she was carried off, and he was satisfied or satiated at last. Then immediately she began to retaliate on him. She too was a hawk. If she imitated the pathetic plover running plaintive to him, that was part of the game. When he, satisfied, moved with the proud, insolent slouch of the body and a half-contemptuous drop of the head unaware of her, ignoring her very existence, after taking his fill of her and getting his satisfaction of her, her soul roused, its pinions became like steel, and she struck at him. When he sat on his perch, glancing sharply round with solitary pride, pride eminent and fierce, she dashed at him and threw him from his station savagely. She goaded him from his keen dignity of a male. She harassed him from his unperturbed pride till he was mad with rage. His light-brown eyes burned with fury. They saw her now like flames of anger. They flared at her and recognized her as the enemy. Very good, she was the enemy. Very good. As he prowled round her, she watched him. As he struck at her, she struck back. He was angry because she had carelessly pushed away his tools so that they got rusty. Don't leave them littering in my way then, she said. I shall leave them where I like, he cried. Then I shall throw them where I like. They glowered at each other. He was rage in his hands. She with her soul fierce with victory. They were very well matched. They would fight it out. She turned to her sewing. Immediately the tea-things were cleared away. She fetched out the stuff and his soul rose in rage. He hated beyond measure to hear the shriek of Calico as she tore the web sharply as if with pleasure. And the run of the sewing machine gathered a frenzy in him at last. Aren't you going to stop that row, he shouted? Can't you do it in the daytime? She looked up sharply, hostile, from her work. No, I can't do it in the daytime. I have other things to do. Besides, I like sewing, and you're not going to stop me doing it. Whereupon she turned back to her arranging, fixing, stitching. His nerves jumped with anger as the sewing machine started and stuttered and buzzed. But she was enjoying herself. She was triumphant and happy as the darting needle danced ecstatically down to him, drawing the stuff along under its vivid stabbing irresistibly. She made the machine home. She stopped it imperiously. Her fingers were deft and swift and mistress. If he sat behind her, stiff with impotent rage, it only made a trembling vividness come into her energy. On she worked. At last he went to bed in a rage and lay stiff away from her, and she turned her back on him. And in the morning they did not speak, except in mere cold civilities. And when he came home at night, his heart relenting and growing hot for love of her, when he was just ready to feel he had been wrong, and when he was expecting her to feel the same, there she sat at the sewing machine. The whole house was covered with clipped calico. The kettle was not even on the fire. She started up, affecting concern. Is it so late? She cried. But his face had gone stiff with rage. He walked through to the parlor. Then he walked back and out of the house again. Her heart sank. Very swiftly she began to make his tea. He went blackhearted down the road to Elkston. When he was in this state he never thought. A bolt shot across the doors of his mind and shut him in, a prisoner. He went back to Elkston and drank a glass of beer. What was he going to do? He did not want to see anybody. He would go to Nottingham, to his own town. He went to the station and took a train. When he got to Nottingham, still he had nowhere to go. However, it was more agreeable to walk familiar streets. He paced them with a mad restlessness as if he were running amok. Then he turned to a bookshop and found a book on Bamberg Cathedral. Here was a discovery. Here was something for him. He went into a quiet restaurant to look at his treasure. He lit up with thrills of bliss as he turned from picture to picture. He had found something at last in these carvings. His soul had great satisfaction. Had he not come out to seek and had he not found, he was in a passion of fulfillment. These were the finest carvings, statues he had ever seen. The book lay in his hands like a doorway. The world around was only an enclosure, a room, but he was going away. He lingered over the lovely statues of women, a marvelous, finely wrought universe crystallized out around him as he looked again at the crowns, the twining hair the woman faces. He liked all the better, the unintelligible text of the German. He preferred things he could not understand with the mind. He loved the undiscovered and the undiscoverable. He poured over the pictures intensely and these were wooden statues. Hulse, he believed that, meant wood. Wooden statues so shape into his soul. He was a million times gladdened. How undiscovered the world was, how it revealed itself to his soul. What a fine, exciting thing his life was at his hand. Did not Bamberg Cathedral make the world his own? He celebrated his triumphant strength and life and verity and embraced the vast riches he was inheriting. But it was about time to go home. He had better catch a train. All the time there was a steady bruise at the bottom of his soul, but so steady as to be forgettable. He caught a train for Elkston. It was 10 o'clock as he was mounting the hill to Cacete, carrying his limp book on Bamberg Cathedral. He had not yet thought of Anna, not definitely. The dark finger pressing a bruise controlled him thoughtlessly. Anna had started guiltily when he left the house. She had hastened preparing the tea, hoping he would come back. She had made some toast and got all ready. Then he didn't come. She cried with vexation and disappointment. Why had he gone? Why couldn't he come back now? Why was it such a battle between them? She loved him. She did love him. Why couldn't he be kinder to her, nicer to her? She waited in distress. Then her mood grew harder. He passed out of her thoughts. She had considered indignantly what right he had to interfere with her sewing. She had indignantly refuted his right to interfere with her at all. She was not to be interfered with. Was she not herself and he the outsider? Yet a quiver of fear went through her. If he should leave her. She set conjuring fears and sufferings till she wept with very self-pity. She did not know what she would do if he left her or if he turned against her. The thought of it chilled her, made her desolate and hard. And against him, the stranger, the outsider, the being who wanted to irrigate authority, she remained steadily fortified. Was she not herself? How could one who was not of her own kind presume with authority? She knew she was immutable, unchangeable. She was not afraid for her own being. She was only afraid of all that was not herself. It pressed round her. It came to her and took part in her in form of her man, this vast resounding alien world which was not herself. And he had so many weapons that he might strike from so many sides. When he came in at the door, his heart was blazed with pity and tenderness. She looked so lost and forlorn and young. She glanced up, afraid, and she was surprised to see him, shining, faced, clear and beautiful in his movements as if he were clarified, and a startled pang of fear and shame of herself went through her. They waited for each other to speak. "'Do you want to eat anything?' she said. "'I'll get it myself,' he answered, "'not wanting her to serve him. "'But she brought out food, and it pleased him "'that she did it for him. "'He was again a bright Lord.' "'I went to Nottingham,' he said mildly. "'To your mother?' she asked in a flash of contempt. "'No, I didn't go home.' "'Who did you go to see?' "'I went to see nobody. "'Then why did you go to Nottingham? "'I went because I wanted to go. "'He was getting angry that she again rebuffed him "'when he was so clear and shining. "'And who did you see?' "'I saw nobody. "'Nobody? "'No, who should I see?' "'You saw nobody you knew?' "'No, I didn't,' he replied irritably. "'She believed him, and her mood became cold. "'I bought a book,' he said, "'handing her the propitiatory volume.' "'She idly looked at the pictures. "'Beautiful, the pure women "'with their clear-dropping gowns. "'Her heart became colder. "'What did they mean to him?' "'He sat and waited for her. "'She bent over the book. "'Aren't they nice?' he said. "'His voice roused and glad. "'Her blood flushed, but she did not lift her head.' "'Yes,' she said, in spite of herself. "'She was compelled by him. "'He was strange, attractive, exerting some power over her. "'He came over to her and touched her delicately. "'Her heart beat with wild passion, wild raging passion, "'but she resisted as yet. "'It was always the unknown, always the unknown, "'and she clung fiercely to her known self. "'But the rising flood carried her away. "'They loved each other to transport again, "'passionately and fully. "'Isn't it more wonderful that ever she asked him, "'radiant like a newly-opened flower with tears like dew? "'He held her closer. "'He was strange and abstracted. "'It is always more wonderful,' she asseverated, "'in a glad child's voice, remembering her fear "'and not quite clear to it yet. "'So it went on continually. "'The recurrence of love and conflict between them. "'One day it seemed as if everything was shattered, "'all life spoiled, ruined, desolate, and laid waste. "'The next day it was all marvelous again, just marvelous. "'One day she thought she would go mad "'from his very presence. "'The sound of his drinking was detestable to her. "'The next day she loved and rejoiced in the way "'he crossed the floor. "'He was sun, moon, and stars in one.' "'She fretted, however, at last, over the lack of stability. "'When the perfect hours came back, "'her heart did not forget that they would pass away again. "'She was uneasy. "'The surety, the surety, the inner surety, "'the confidence and the abidingness of love, "'that was what she wanted, "'and that she did not get. "'She knew also that he had not got it. "'Nevertheless, it was a marvelous world. "'She was, for the most part, lost in the marvelousness of it. "'Even her great woes were marvelous to her. "'She could be very happy, and she wanted to be happy. "'She resented it when he made her unhappy. "'Then she could kill him, cast him out. "'Many days she waited for the hour "'when he would be going to work. "'Then the flow of her life, which he seemed to dam up, "'was let loose, and she was free. "'She was free, she was full of delight. "'Everything delighted her. "'She took up the rug and went to shake it in the garden. "'Patches of snow were on the fields. "'The air was light. "'She heard the ducks shouting on the pond. "'She saw them charge and sail across the water "'as if they were setting off "'on an invasion of the world. "'She watched the rough horses, "'one of which was clipped smooth on the belly, "'so that he wore a jacket "'and long stockings of brown fur, "'stand kissing each other in the wintry morning "'by the churchyard wall. "'Everything delighted her. "'Now he was gone, the insulator, "'the obstruction removed. "'The world was all hers in connection with her. "'She was joyfully active. "'Nothing pleased her more than to hang out the washing "'in a high wind that came full butt "'over the round of the hill, "'tearing the wet garments out of her hands, "'making flat, flat, flat of the waving stuff. "'She laughed and struggled and grew angry, "'but she loved her solitary days. "'Then he came home at night "'and she knitted her brows "'because of some endless contest between them. "'As he stood in the doorway, her heart changed. "'It steeled itself. "'The laughter and zest of the day disappeared from her. "'She was stiffened. "'They fought an unknown battle, unconsciously. "'Still, they were in love with each other. "'The passion was there, "'but the passion was consumed in a battle, "'and the deep fierce unnamed battle went on. "'Everything glowed intensely about them. "'The world had put off its clothes "'and was awful with new primal nakedness. "'Sunday came when the strange spell "'was cast over her by him. "'Half she loved it. "'She was becoming more like him. "'All the weekdays there was a glint of sky and fields. "'The little church seemed to babble away "'to the colleges the morning through. "'But on Sundays, when he stayed at home, "'a deeply colored intense gloom "'seemed to gather on the face of the earth, "'the church seemed to fill itself with shadow "'to become big, a universe to her. "'There was a burning of blue and ruby, "'a sound of worship about her, "'and when the doors were opened "'and she came out into the world, "'it was a world new created. "'She stepped into the resurrection of the world, "'her heart beating to the memory of the darkness "'and the passion.' "'If, as very often, they went to the marsh "'for Qi on Sundays, then she regained another, "'lighter world that had never known the gloom "'in the stained glass and the ecstasy of chanting. "'Her husband was obliterated. "'She was with her father again, "'who was so fresh and free in all daylight. "'Her husband, with his intensity "'and his darkness, was obliterated. "'She left him, she forgot him. "'She accepted her father. "'Yet, as she went home again with the young man, "'she put her hand on his arm tentatively, "'a little bit ashamed. "'Her hand pleaded that he would not hold it against her, "'her recusancy, but he was obscured. "'He seemed to become blind "'as if he were not there with her.' "'Then she was afraid. "'She wanted him. "'When he was oblivious of her, "'she almost went mad with fear, "'for she had become so vulnerable, so exposed. "'She was in touch so intimately. "'All things about her had become intimate. "'She had known them near and lovely, "'like presences hovering upon her. "'What if they should all go hard and separate again, "'standing back from her, terrible and distinct, "'and she, having known them, should be at their mercy? "'This frightened her. "'Always her husband was to her the unknown, "'to which she was delivered up. "'She was a flower that has been tempted forth "'into blossom and has no retreat. "'He had her nakedness in his power. "'And who was he? "'What was he? "'A blind thing, a dark force without knowledge. "'She wanted to preserve herself. "'Then she gathered him to herself again "'and was satisfied for a moment. "'But as time went on, she began to realize "'more and more that he did not alter, "'that he was something dark, alien to herself. "'She had thought him just the bright reflex of herself. "'As the weeks and months went by, "'she realized that he was a dark opposite to her, "'that they were opposites, not compliments. "'He did not alter. "'He remained separately himself, "'and he seemed to expect her to be part of himself, "'the extension of his will. "'She felt him trying to gain power over her "'without knowing her. "'What did he want? "'Was he going to bully her? "'What did she want herself? "'She answered herself that she wanted to be happy, "'to be natural, like the sunlight in the busy daytime. "'And at the bottom of her soul, "'she felt he wanted her to be dark, unnatural. "'Sometimes, when he seemed like the darkness covering "'and smothering her, "'she revolted almost in horror and struck at him. "'She struck at him and made him bleed, "'and he became wicked. "'Because she dreaded him and held him in horror, "'he became wicked. "'He wanted to destroy, "'and then the fight between them was cruel. "'She began to tremble. "'He wanted to impose himself on her, "'and he began to shudder. "'She wanted to desert him, "'to leave him a prey to the open "'with the unclean dogs of the darkness "'setting on to devour him. "'He must beat her and make her stay with him, "'whereas she fought to keep herself free of him. "'They went their ways now, "'shadowed and stained with blood, "'feeling the world far off, unable to give help. "'Till she began to get tired. "'After a certain point, she became impassive, "'detached utterly from him. "'He was always ready to burst out murderously against her. "'Her soul got up and left him. "'She went her way. "'Nevertheless, in her apparent blitheness "'that made his soul black with opposition, "'she trembled as if she bled. "'And ever and again the pure love came in sunbeams "'between them, when she was like a flower in the sun to him, "'so beautiful, so shining, "'so intensely dear that he could scarcely bear it. "'Then, as if his soul had six wings of bliss, "'he stood absorbed in praise, "'feeling the radiance from the Almighty "'beat through him like a pulse, "'as he stood in the upright flame of praise, "'transmitting the pulse of creation. "'And ever and again he appeared to her "'as the dread flame of power. "'Sometimes when he stood in the doorway, his face lit up, "'he seemed like an enunciation to her. "'Her heart beat fast, and she watched him, suspended. "'He had a dark, burning being "'that she dreaded and resisted. "'She was subject to him as to the angel of the presence. "'She waited upon him and heard his will, "'and she trembled in his service. "'Then all this passed away. "'Then he loved her for her childishness "'and for her strangeness to him, "'for the wonder of her soul, "'which was different from his soul, "'and which made him genuine when he would be false. "'And she loved him for the way he sat loosely in a chair, "'or for the way he came through a door "'with his face open and eager. "'She loved his ringing, eager voice, "'and the touch of the unknown about him, "'his absolute simplicity.'" End of chapter six, part two. Chapter six, part three of The Rainbow. This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox.org. The Rainbow by D. H. Lawrence. Chapter six, part three. Yet neither of them was quite satisfied. He felt somewhere that she did not respect him. She only respected him as far as he was related to herself. For what he was beyond her, she had no care. She did not care for what he represented in himself. It is true he did not know himself what he represented, but whatever it was, she did not really honor it. She did no service to his work as a lace designer, nor to himself as breadwinner. Because he went down to the office and worked every day that entitled him to no respect or regard from her, he knew. Rather, she despised him for it, and he almost loved her for this, though at first it maddened him like an insult. What was much deeper, she soon came to combat his deepest feelings. What he thought about life and about society and mankind did not matter very much to her. He was right enough to be insignificant. This was again galling to him. She would judge beyond him on these things. But at length he came to accept her judgments, discovering them as if they were his own. It was not here the deep trouble lay. The deep root of his enmity lay in the fact that she jeered at his soul. He was inarticulate and stupid in thought. But to some things he clung passionately. He loved the church. If she tried to get out of him what he believed, then they were both soon in a white rage. Did he believe the water turned to wine at Cana? She would drive him to the thing as a historical fact. So much rainwater, look at it. Can it become grape juice, wine? For an instant he saw with the clear eyes of the mind and said no. His clear mind, answering her for a moment, rejected the idea. And immediately his whole soul was crying in a mad, inquate hatred against this violation of himself. It was true for him. His mind was extinguished again at once. His blood was up. In his blood and bones he wanted the scene, the wedding, the water brought forward from the firkins as red wine and Christ saying to his mother, woman, what have I to do with thee? Mine hour is not yet come. And then his mother saith unto the servants, whatsoever he saith unto you, do it. Brangwen loved it with his bones and blood. He loved it. He could not let it go. Yet she forced him to let it go. She hated his blind attachments. Water, natural water. Could it suddenly and unnaturally turn into wine, depart from its being and at haphazard take on another being? Ah, no, he knew it was wrong. She became again the palpitating, hostile child, hateful, putting things to destruction. He became mute and dead. His own being gave him the lie. He knew it was so. Wine was wine. Water was water, forever. Water had not become wine. The miracle was not a real fact. She seemed to be destroying him. He went out, dark and destroyed, his soul running its blood, and he tasted of death. Because his life was formed in these unquestioned concepts. She, desolate again as she had been when she was a child, went away and sobbed. She did not care. She did not care whether the water had turned to wine or not. Let him believe it if he wanted to. But she knew she had won. And an ashy desolation came over her. They were ashenly miserable for some time. Then the life began to come back. He was nothing if not dogged. He thought again of the chapter of St. John. There was a great biting pang. But thou hast kept the good wine until now. The best wine. The young man's heart responded in a craving, in a triumph, although the knowledge that it was not true in fact bit at him like a weasel in his heart, which was stronger, the pain of the denial or the desire for affirmation. He was stubborn in spirit and abode by his desire, but he would not any more affirm the miracles as true. Very well it was not true. The water had not turned into wine. The water had not turned into wine. But for all that he would live in his soul as if the water had turned into wine. For truth of fact it had not, but for his soul it had. Whether it turned into wine or whether it didn't, he said, it doesn't bother me. I take it for what it is. And what is it? She asked quickly, hopefully. It's the Bible, he said. That answer enraged her, and she despised him. She did not actively question the Bible herself, but he drove her to contempt. And yet he did not care about the Bible, the written letter, although he could not satisfy her. Yet she knew of herself that he had something real. He was not a dogmatist. He did not believe in fact that the water turned into wine. He did not want to make a fact out of it. Indeed his attitude was without criticism. It was purely individual. He took that which was of value to him from the written word he added to his spirit. His mind he let sleep. And she was bitter against him that he let his mind sleep. That which was human belonged to mankind he would not exert. He cared only for himself. He was no Christian. Above all Christ had asserted the brotherhood of man. She almost against herself clung to the worship of the human knowledge. Man must die in the body, but in his knowledge he was immortal. Such somewhere was her belief, quite obscure and unformulated. She believed in the omnipotence of the human mind. He on the other hand, blind as a subterranean thing, just ignored the human mind, and ran after his own dark soul desires, knowing his own tunneling nose. She felt often she must suffocate, and she fought him off. Then he, knowing he was blind, fought madly back again, frantic and sensual fear. He did foolish things. He asserted himself on his rights. He irrigated the old position of master of the house. You have a right to do as I want, he cried. Fool! She answered. Fool! I'll let you know who's master, he cried. Fool! She answered. Fool! I have known my own father, who could put a dozen of you in his pipe and push them down with his finger-end. Don't I know what a fool you are? He knew himself what a fool he was, and was flayed by the knowledge. Yet he went on trying to steer the ship of their dual life. He asserted his position as the captain of the ship, and captain and ship bored her. He wanted to loom important as master of one of the innumerable domestic crafts that make up the great fleet of society. It seemed to her a ridiculous armada of tubs, jostling, and futility. She felt no belief in it. She jeered at him as master of the house, master of their dual life, and he was black with shame and rage. He knew with shame how her father had been a man without irrigating any authority. He had gone on the wrong tack, and he felt it hard to give up the expedition. There was great surging and shame. Then he yielded. He had given up the master of the house idea. There was something he wanted, nevertheless, some form of mastery. Ever and anon, after his collapses into the petty and the shameful, he rose up again, and stubborn in spirit, strong in his power to start afresh, set out once more in his male pride of being to fulfill the hidden passion of his spirit. It began well, but it ended always in war between them, till they were both driven almost to madness. He said she did not respect him. She laughed in hollow scorn of this. For her it was enough that she loved him. Respect what? She asked. But he always answered the wrong thing, and though she cudgled her brains, she could not come at it. Why don't you go on with your wood carving, she said? Why don't you finish your Adam and Eve? But she did not care for the Adam and Eve, and he never put another stroke to it. She jeered at the Eve, saying, she's like a little marionette. Why is she so small? You've made Adam as big as God and Eve like a doll. It is impudence to say that woman was made out of man's body, she continued. Every man is born of woman. What impudence men have, what arrogance! In a rage one day, after trying to work on the board and failing so that his belly was a flame of nausea, he chopped up the whole panel and put it on the fire. She did not know. He went about for some days very quiet and subdued after it. Where is the Adam and Eve board? She asked him, burnt. She looked at him. But you're carving! I burned it. When? She did not believe him. On Friday night. When I was at the marsh? Yes. She said no more. Then when he had gone to work she wept for a whole day and was much chastened in spirit, so that a new fragile flame of love came out of the ashes of this last pain. Directly it occurred to her that she was with child. There was a great trembling of wonder and anticipation through her soul. She wanted a child. Not that she loved babies so much, though she was touched by all young things, but she wanted to bear children and a certain hunger in her heart wanted to unite her husband with herself in a child. She wanted a son. She felt a son would be everything. She wanted to tell her husband, but it was such a trembling intimate thing to tell him, and he was at this time hard and unresponsive, so that she went away and wept. It was such a waste of a beautiful opportunity, such a frost that nipped in the bud one of the beautiful moments of her life. She went about heavy and tremulous with her secret, wanting to touch him, almost delicately, and see his face dark and sensitive attend to her news. She waited and waited for him to become gentle and stilt towards her, but he was always harsh, and he bullied her. So that the bud shriveled from her confidence. She was chilled. She went down to the marsh. Well, said her father, looking at her and seeing her at the first glance, what's the mystery you now? The tears came at the touch of his careful love. Nothing, she said. Can't you hit it off, you two? He said. He's so obstinate, she quivered, but her soul was obdurate itself. And I know another who's all that, said her father. She was silent. You don't want to make yourselves miserable, said her father, all about nought. He isn't miserable, she said. I'll back my life. If you can do nought else, you could make him as miserable as a dog. You'd be a dab hand at that, my lass. I do nothing to make him miserable, she retorted. Oh no, oh no, a packet of butterscotch, you are. She laughed a little. You mustn't think I want him to be miserable. She cried, I don't. We quite readily believe it, retorted Brangwin. Neither do you intend him to be hopping for joy like a fish in a pond. This made her think. She was rather surprised to find that she did not intend her husband to be hopping for joy like a fish in a pond. Her mother came, and they all sat down to tea, talking casually. Remember, child, said her mother, that everything is not waiting for your hand, just to take or leave. You mustn't expect it. Between two people the love itself is the important thing, and that is neither you nor him. It is a third thing you must create. You mustn't expect it to be just your way. Ha! Nor do I. If I did, I should soon find my mistake out. If I put my hand out to take anything, my hand is very soon bitten, I can tell you. Then you must mind where you put your hand, said her father. Anna was rather indignant that they took the tragedy of her young married life with such equanimity. You love the man right enough, said her father, wrinkling his forehead in distress. That's all is counts. I do love him. More shame to him, she cried. I want to tell him. I've been waiting for four days now to tell him. Her face began to quiver. The tears came. Her parents watched her in silence. She did not go on. Tell him what, said her father, that we're going to have an infant. He was sobbed. And he's never, never let me. Not once. Every time I've come to him, he's been horrid to me. And I wanted to tell him I did, and he won't let me. He's cruel to me. She sobbed as if her heart would break. Her mother went and comforted her, put her arms around her, and held her close. Her father sat with a queer wrinkled brow and was rather paler than usual. His heart went tense with hatred of his son-in-law, so that when the tale was sobbed out and comfort administered and teased, and something like calm restored to the little circle, the thought of Will Brangwin's entry was not pleasantly entertained. Tillie was set to watch out for him as he passed by on his way home. The little party at table heard the woman-servant's shrill call. You've got to come in, Will, Anna's here. After a few moments the youth entered. Are you stopping? He asked in his hard, harsh voice. He seemed like a blade of destruction standing there. She quivered to tears. Sit you down, said Tom Brangwin, and take a bit off your length. Will Brangwin sat down? He felt something strange in the atmosphere. He was dark-browed, but his eyes had the keen, intense, sharp look as if he could only see in the distance, which was a beauty in him and which made Anna so angry. Why does he always deny me, she said to herself? Why is it nothing to him what I am? And Tom Brangwin, blue-eyed and warm, sat in opposition to the youth. How long are you stopping, the young husband asked his wife? Not very long, she said. Get your tea-lad, said Tom Brangwin. Are you itching to be off the moment you enter? The talk of trivial things. Through the open door the level rays of sun set poured in, shining on the floor. A gray hand appeared stepping swiftly in the doorway, pecking, and the light through her comb and her waddles made an aura-flam tossed here and there as she went. Her gray body was like a ghost. Anna watching through scraps of bread and she felt the child flame within her. She seemed to remember again forgotten, burning, far-off things. Where was I born, mother? She asked. In London. And was my father? She spoke of him as if he were merely a strange name. She could never connect herself with him. Was he dark? He had dark brown hair and dark eyes and a fresh coloring. He went bald, rather bald, when he was quite young, replied her mother. Also was it telling a tale which was just old imagination. Was he good-looking? Yes. He was very good-looking, rather small. I have never seen an Englishman who looked like him. Why? He was—the mother made a quick running movement with her hands. His figure was alive and changing. It was never fixed. He was not, in the least, steady, like a running stream. It flashed over the youth. Anna, too, was like a running stream. Instantly he was in love with her again. Tom Branglund was frightened. His heart always filled with fear, fear of the unknown. When he heard his women speak of their bygone men as of strangers they had known in passing and had taken leave of again. In the room there came a silence and a singleness over all their hearts. There were separate people with separate destinies. Why should they seek each till a violent hands of claim on the other? The young people went home as a sharp little moon was setting in the dusk of spring. Tufts of trees hovered in the upper air. The little church pricked up shadowyly at the top of the hill. The earth was a dark blue shadow. She put her hand lightly on his arm out of her far distance. And out of the distance he felt her touch him. They walked on hand in hand along opposite horizons, touching across the dusk. There was the sound of thrushes calling in the dark blue twilight. I think we are going to have an infant, Bill, she said, from far off. He trembled, and his fingers tightened on hers. Why, he asked, his heart beating. You don't know? I do, she said. They continued without saying any more, walking along opposite horizons, hand in hand across the intervening space, two separate people. And he trembled as if a wind blew on to him in strong gusts out of the unseen. He was afraid. He was afraid to know he was alone. For she seemed fulfilled and separate and sufficient in her half of the world. He could not bear to know that he was cut off. Why could he not be always one with her? It was he who had given her the child. Why could she not be with him, one with him? Why must he be said in this separateness? Why could she not be with him, close, close, as one with him? She must be one with him. He held her fingers tightly in his own. She did not know what he was thinking. The blaze of light on her heart was too beautiful and dazzling, from the conception in her womb. She walked glorified in the sound of the thrushes, of the trains in the valley, of the far off faint noises of the town where her magnificat. But he was struggling in silence. It seemed as though there were before him a solid wall of darkness that impeded him and suffocated him and made him mad. He wanted her to come to him, to complete him, to stand before him so that his eyes did not should not meet the naked darkness. Nothing mattered to him but that she should come and complete him, for he was ridden by the awful sense of his own limitation. It was as if he ended uncompleted as yet uncreated on the darkness, and he wanted her to come and liberate him into the whole. She was complete in herself, and he was ashamed of his need, his helpless need of her. His need and his shame of need weighed on him like a madness. Yet still he was quiet and gentle in reverence of her conception, and because she was with child by him. When she was happy in showers of sunshine, she loved her husband as a presence, as a grateful condition, but for the moment her need was fulfilled, and now she wanted only to hold her husband by the hand in sheer happiness, without taking thought, only being glad. He had various folios of reproductions, and among them a cheap print from Fra Angelico's Entry of the Blessed into Paradise. This filled Anna with bliss. The beautiful, innocent way in which the Blessed held each other by the hand as they moved towards the radiance. The real, real angelic melody made her weep with happiness. The floweriness, the beams of light, the linking of hands was almost too much for her. Too innocent. Day after day came shining through the door of paradise. Day after day she entered into the brightness. The child in her shone, till she herself was a beam of sunshine, and how lovely was the sunshine that loitered and wandered out of doors, where the catkins and the big hazel bushes at the end of the garden hung in their shaken, floating oreola, where little fumes like fire burst out from the black yew-trees as a bird settled clinging to the branches. One day blue bells were along the hedge-bottoms, then cowslips twinkled like manna, golden and evanescent on the meadows. She was full of a rich drowsiness and loneliness. How happy she was! How gorgeous it was to live, to have known herself, her husband, the passion of love and beginning, and to know that all this lived and waited and burned on around her, a terrible purifying fire through which she had passed for once to come to this piece of golden radiance when she was with child and innocent and in love with her husband and with all the many angels hand in hand. She lifted her throat to the breeze that came across the fields, and she felt it handling her like sisters fondling her. She drank it in perfume of cowslips and of apple blossoms. And in all the happiness of black shadow, shy, wild, a beast of prey roamed and vanished from sight, and like strands of gossip were blown across her eyes there was a dread for her. She was afraid when he came home at night. As yet her fear never spoke, the shadow never rushed upon her. He was gentle, humble, he kept himself withheld. His hands were delicate upon her, and she loved them. But there ran through her the thrill, crisp as pain, for she felt the darkness and other world still in his soft sheathed hands. But the summer drifted in with the silence of a miracle. She was almost always alone. All the while went on the long lovely drowsiness. The maiden-blush roses in the garden were all shed, washed away in a pouring rain. Summer drifted into autumn, and the long vague golden days began to close. Crimson clouds fumed about the west, and as night came on all the sky was fuming and steaming, and the moon far above the swiftness of vapours was white, bleared. The night was uneasy. Suddenly the moon would appear at a clear window in the sky, looking down from far above like a captive, and Anna did not sleep. There was a strange, dark tension about her husband. She became aware that he was trying to force his will upon her. Something there was something he wanted, as he lay there dark and tense, and her soul sighed in weariness. Everything was so vague and lovely, and she wanted to wake her up to the hard hostile reality. She drew back in resistance. Still, he said nothing, but she felt his power persisting on her, till she became aware of the strain. She cried out against the exhaustion. He was forcing her. He was forcing her, and she wanted so much the joy and the vagueness and the innocence of her pregnancy. She did not want his bitter corrosive love. She did not want it poured into her to burn her. Why must she have it? Why or why was he not content, contained? She sat many hours by the window in those days when he drove her most with the black constraint of his will, and she watched the rain falling on the yew-trees. She was not sad, only wistful, blanched. The child under her heart was a perpetual warmth, and she was sure. The pressure was only upon her from the outside. Her soul had no stripes. But in her heart itself was always the same strain, tense, anxious. She was not safe. She was always exposed. She was always attacked. There was a yearning in her for a fullness of peace and blessedness, what a heavy yearning it was, so heavy. She knew vaguely that all the time he was not satisfied, all the time he was trying to force something from her. How she wished she could succeed with him in her own way. He was there, so inevitable. She lived in him also, and how she wanted to be at peace with him. At peace. She loved him. She would give him love, pure love. With a strange, wrapped look in her face she awaited his homecoming that night. Then when he came she rose with her hands full of love as the flowers radiant, innocent. A dark spasm crossed his face. As she watched, her face shining and flower-like with innocent love, his face grew dark and tense. The cruelty gathered in his brows. His eyes turned aside. She saw the whites of his eyes as he looked aside from her. She waited, touching him with her hands. But from his body, through her hands came the bitter corrosive shock of his passion upon her, destroying her and blossom. She shrank. She rose from her knees and went away from him to preserve herself, and it was great pain to her. To him also it was agony. He saw the glistening flower-like love in her face, and his heart was black because he did not want it. Not this, not this. He did not want flowery innocence. He was unsatisfied. The rage and storm of unsatisfaction tormented him ceaselessly. Why had she not satisfied him? He had satisfied her. She was satisfied at peace, innocent round the doors of her own paradise. And he was unsatisfied, unfulfilled. He raged in torment, wanting, wanting. It was for her to satisfy him, then let her do it. Let her not come with flowery handfuls of innocent love. He would throw these aside and trample the flowers to nothing. He would destroy her flowery, innocent bliss. Was he not entitled to satisfaction from her, and was not his heart all raging desire, his soul a black torment of unfulfillment? Let it be fulfilled in him, then, as it was fulfilled in her. He had given her her fulfillment. Let her rise up and do her part. He was cruel to her, but all the time he was ashamed, and being ashamed he was more cruel, for he was ashamed that he could not come to fulfillment without her, and he could not, and she would not heed him. He was shackled and in darkness of torment. She beseeched him to work again to do his wood carving, but his soul was too black. He had destroyed his panel of Adam and Eve. He could not begin again, least of all now, whilst he was in this condition. For her there was no final release, since he could not be liberated from himself. Strange and amorphous she must go yearning on through the trouble like a warm glowing cloud blown in the middle of a storm. She felt so rich in her warm vagueness that her soul cried out on him because he harried her and wanted to destroy her. She had her moments of exaltation still, rebirths of old exaltations, as she sat by her bedroom window, watching the steady rain, her spirit was somewhere far off. She sat in pride and curious pleasure. When there was no one to exalt with, and the unsatisfied soul must dance and play than one danced before the unknown. Suddenly she realized that this was what she wanted to do. Big with child as she was, she danced there in the bedroom by herself, lifting her hands and her body to the unseen, to the unseen creator who had chosen her to whom she belonged. She would not have had anyone know. She danced in secret and her soul rose in bliss. She danced in secret before the creator. She took off her clothes and danced in the pride of her bigness. It surprised her when it was over. She was shrinking and afraid. To what was she now exposed? She half wanted to tell her husband, yet she shrank from him. All the time she ran on by herself, she liked the story of David who danced before the Lord and uncovered himself exultingly. Why should he uncover himself to Michael, a common woman? He uncovered himself to the Lord. Thou comest to me with a sword and a spear and a shield, but I come to thee in the name of the Lord, for the battle is the Lord's, and he will give you into our hands. Her heart rang to the words. She walked in her pride, and her battle was her own Lord's, her husband was delivered over.
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“To me, the keyword of this Summit is integration”: Peter Holmgren at APRS 2016
|
CIFOR Director General, Dr Peter Holmgren, delivers a keynote address on 3 August 2016 at the Asia-Pacific Rainforest Summit in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam.
|
[
"cifor",
"brunei darussalam",
"rainforest",
"summit",
"climate change",
"plenary"
] | 2016-08-03T03:37:50 | 2024-04-18T18:23:32 | 531 |
y2AI5xYq4_o
|
Thank you. Your Excellencies, Minister Dati Ali-Apong, Minister Josh Frydenburg, Minister Juan Ynidi Bin Tuanku-Yafar, Ministers from across the Asia Pacific, distinguished guests, ladies, gentlemen, colleagues and friends. Thank you for this opportunity to join this year's Asia Pacific Rainforest Summit. I congratulate the Ministry of Primary Resources and Tourism of Brunei as well as the Department of Environment and Energy of Australia for your successful leadership. We are at a critical turning point when political commitments on sustainable development and climate change need to be transformed into real-world actions. And this second Asia Pacific Rainforest Summit offers a unique platform for the region to explore how economic diversification can support both the development and the environment agenda. On behalf of CIFOR, we are grateful for this opportunity to serve as a science and engagement partner. And I want to recognize the effort of the entire team behind the conference from Brunei, Australia, CIFOR, and other partners that have worked so hard for the past months. To me, the keyword of the summit is integration. First, we aspire to forest and landscape management that integrate economic, environmental and social aspirations. Secondly, the summit is a conscious effort for integrating public, private and people actors in achieving real impact. And when we join forces between these three P's, public, private and people, actually, we could also call them politics, profit and participation. When we join these, we have a real chance to make a difference that counts on the ground and benefits everyone. Thirdly, we seek to integrate forest and forestry issues into the mainstream of sustainable development. The new SDG framework is a tool and provides a language to make this happen. There's been a tendency to park forests and forestry in the environment corner. In this room, we all know how important forests and forestry are to all aspects of sustainable development. But it will take some courage and determination from all of us to change the narrative on forests and forestry and raise the awareness of their true and full value. Earlier this year, I had the pleasure to release Seafor's new strategy for the next 10 years. This is a product of worldwide consultation with stakeholders. And not surprisingly, we came to the same or similar conclusions. They need to broadly integrate forestry in the new climate and development agendas. So rather than developing an isolated forestry approach, we need to build on the agenda 2030 for sustainable development and on the Paris Agreement. Within both of these new frameworks, forest and forestry are expected to contribute in a diversity of ways to human well-being and prosperity. And therefore, we see that the concept of forestry actually needs to be redefined, both for us in the expert community, but more importantly for everybody, everyone else out there. So this led us to define our mission, Seafor's mission, around the full set of 17 sustainable development goals to include all of them. Because forestry is about all aspects of sustainable development, poverty, food, health, energy, water, climate change, rights, economic growth, trade, life on land, life underwater. Yes, even dive underwater. We work a lot on mangroves, as you know. So let us therefore redefine forestry and say that forestry is all contributions to sustainable development made possible through forests and trees. Then I think we have a good basis to move forward. During this summit, we will have a significant focus on value chains, finance and investments to see how these can coexist with sustainable low-carbon development. This is crucial, especially in this region that drives a large part of the global economy and at the same time face so serious environmental challenges. Addressing this requires us to look beyond land issues per se and also focus on the other classical economic parameters, labor, capital and innovation. There are some two specific challenges to mention here. The first is that in achieving sustainable value chains, we have to make sure that they secure commodity supply, contribute to low-carbon rural development and maintain economic services. Second is that small-holders and small and medium-scale businesses are able to successfully compete and benefit from this integration in global value chains and also to access fair, affordable and long-term capital under higher environmental standards. New commitments from the private sector are indeed encouraging and we see a host of both challenges and opportunities here. This summit will be an excellent opportunity to discuss these further. Let me finish by saying that integration also pertains to integration around and across economic sectors. We will not realize the full potential of forest and forestry in sustainable development unless we work across traditional institutional boundaries. We shouldn't continue to nurture a separate forest and forestry agenda. Instead, I believe we must genuinely work together with our colleagues in agriculture, energy, water, finance, infrastructure, trade, tourism, education and so on. The common denominator that brings us together in this quest is landscapes. Landscapes with a wide diversity in shapes, in sizes, they will be a cornerstone for the future we want. And in this region, multifunctional landscapes provide homes and livelihoods for 450 million people. So bringing together people and their expectations to find good solutions in landscapes, including forests, is therefore to me the best investment we can make for future generations. So again, thank you for this opportunity to speak at the opening of the summit. In case you wonder why I haven't said more about forests and climate changes, because the next session is on that topic and I'll be on the panel. So I've saved some of my points to that session. Thank you all for coming and let's make sure that we together make a difference that counts. Thank you very much. May we invite the chairperson to cordially invite the guests of honour to present a souvenir as a token of appreciation to the keynote speaker.
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Civil-rights advance man Reggie Robinson recalls tales from front lines (The Ties That Bind)
|
A state at the heart of the tumultuous civil rights movement.. In this episode of The Ties that Bind, Reggie Robinson joins Marsha Joyner to talk about his time serving as an advance man for the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, spending months setting the stage for activists to join him in Mississippi – a state at the heart of the tumultuous civil rights movement.
The host for this episode is Marsha Joyner. The guest for this episode is Reggie Robinson.
ThinkTech Hawaii streams live on the Internet from 11:00 am to 5:00 pm every weekday afternoon, Hawaii Time, then streaming earlier shows through the night. Check us out any time for great content and great community.
Our vision is to be a leader in shaping a more vital and thriving Hawaii as the foundation for future generations. Our mission is to be the leading digital media platform raising public awareness and promoting civic engagement in Hawaii.
|
[
"Think Tech Hawaii",
"Tech",
"Energy",
"Globalization",
"Diversification",
"Economy",
"Hawaii",
"popular",
"Activists",
"SNCC",
"Summer of 1964",
"civil rights movement",
"the ties that bind",
"Marsha Joyner",
"Reggie Robinson"
] | 2018-05-17T01:40:05 | 2024-02-05T08:10:24 | 1,830 |
y2fDsyYCFww
|
This is St. Tech, Hawaii. Community matters here. Aloha. I'm Marcia Joyner, and this is the Ties that Bind. And today we are going to talk about the civil rights movement. And my dear friend, of course everybody knows I only talk to dear friends. So this is Reggie Robinson. And he is going to tell us all kinds of tales from the civil rights movement. And Reggie was, I quote, the advanced man, I'm about that, the advanced man for the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. And he's going to tell us what an advanced man is and does and did. Reggie, welcome. Hello there. Hi. Hello. Welcome, welcome. I'm so glad to talk to you. Well, always glad to talk to you. Now, Reggie and I go back, we were trying to decide how far back, but it's a long time. 1950s something, I guess. Yeah. Yeah. Right, right. Right. In an organization called the Civic Interest Group, which was a precursor to SNCC. So SNCC is the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. And I'm not sure how it began, but Juanita Mitchell, which we'll talk about later, she was the adult in the group. And she was an attorney and had been fighting for desegregation in Baltimore all of her life. And so she was one of the creators of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. And Reggie and I were students. And so, Reggie, tell us about the time that we spent with the CIG. Well, it was the late 50s. And I lived in East Baltimore, Marsha lived in West Baltimore. And I was attending at the time a small business college known as Cortez-Peters Business College. It was put together by a man, by a black man who could type 150 words a minute. Wow. And he got some money from one of the typing companies, either Royal or Underwood, and established three schools. Well, I had a cousin that graduated from Cortez. And being that I was on the streets doing a little bit of everything, she kind of convinced me that it was time to maybe pull the reins in and kind of convinced my dad that he'd give me another chance at it. So my father supported me and my cousin helped me. So I got into Cortez-Peters. There I met Walter Dixon, who is the dean of Cortez in Baltimore. And he was also the first black city councilman in Baltimore. And at the time he had a public accommodations bill going on in Baltimore. But let me go back a little bit. Before this, in Greensboro, North Carolina, four guys from E&T sat in at the Woolworth, which started to spread the word across the South to other colleges around to do the same thing. And then they began to sit in. And it was began to organize. It was not an organized situation at the time, but then it was cited by a lady by the name of Ella Baker, who was working for it at that time. Martin Luther King, he was, she was his executive secretary. And it was the efforts of Mrs. Baker and her contacts, such as Miss Mitchell in Baltimore, that pulled together other adults around the country to help the students to begin to pull together what is known as the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, which the CIG became a part of the coordinating committee. Well, we got to be the first logistical coordinator where we would go and close down restaurants in Baltimore. We had two renalts. Marsha, one of them, and another guy named Tony Adana on nighttime, jumped out the Renault running at the counter. The police come in, read the remand, and we get up, run out, go close down another restaurant until we've done that enough times in the... Well, let's go back one step. Let me go back one step. Yeah. Now, the Protestant churches gave us room at four offices in the basement of the church. Right. And it was the women's job to do the typing, answer the phone, and do the mimeograph machine. That was it. And my job, because we knew where we were going, I would call the Baltimore Sun and say, you know those little colored children are going to have a demonstration at wherever it was, and then we'd make sure the press was there. So that was my job. Now, we get in the car and finish it. Reggie, back to you. All right. So then we would... So that was one of the logistical things that's putting together. How are you going to run into this precisely at lunchtime and get out and not get arrested? Well, you could get arrested if you wanted to and it would hold it over for 29 or 49 days for publicity reasons, but then we would bail you out. Yeah. But then the organization began to grow and then their money's become in because we had this group of adults that backed us up like a couple of ministers, a couple of other people in the neighborhood. Well, I can say a man by the name of Mr. Willie Adams, the people that gave us money, so that money had to be accounted for. So I was a game. A little bit about accounting. I was made the treasurer of the organization. The SNCC waiting was going to be in Kentucky in July. SNCC had to be chosen because Clarence Mitchell Jr. at that time, we did not know people was making money in this voter registration project until a man by... Oh, I remember Troy. who just happened to be a very good friend of Marsha's mama, Mr. Elizabeth Oliver, and he was involved in to get this person which happened to be Clarence Mitchell Jr. Yeah. Well, anyway... Let me pause right here. One of the things that doesn't get talked about is what is going on underneath. Now, people see all of the pictures of the marches and the demonstrations and all of this stuff, but underneath that, there was a major, major push to get everybody registered to vote because that is the only way you make change. So... They were true. True. So that people understand what you're talking about when you go talk about registering to vote. Well, that's about the same time that Nick was starting to think about moving away from direct action, which was the bus stops and the lunch counters and going directly into direct action and going into the deep south. Well, anyway, the meeting... We now have the meeting in Kentucky in 61 and I've been elected to represent the Baltimore group to the big snake. And I got an assignment to bring the next Nick meeting back to Baltimore and bring the next Nick meeting back to Baltimore and make sure the King was going to come with the group because nobody around Baltimore had seen any of these people that had been talked about in the student voice or in the Afro or anywhere else. So we were trying to boost what was happening in Baltimore. Well, before I left, I was the treasurer, as I said. I had to take care of the books. I had to buy the supplies. I had to make sure the telephone bill was paid. I had to make sure the folks ate gas. All those kinds of things. Game before the Hallelujah in Kentucky in 61 to the meeting, I wasn't on the line. But it helped when I sat down with all of these freedom riders who had been injured in the one who was familiar to me by name and then we went to, on Saturday evening, we went to Ann Braden, who was head of SCF, boosting what was happening in Kentucky at that time and supporting most of the meeting. But anyway, I met Ella Baker on that porch, even though I had met her in the meeting. But she said to somebody I know, she says, hey, who's your people? And I told her, she said, no, that's not it. She says, where's your mama from? I said, little to North Carolina. She says, aha. She says, where's your mama's maiden name? I said, Jenkins. And she says, ah, I said, no, you're McKinley. I said, McKinley? I said, no, I got an uncle McKinley in New York. She says, I know, and you look just like him. And I said, oh my God, who is this woman? And so then she introduced me to Chuck McDew and Charles and Tim Jenkins and everybody at the time. They came around and voted where the next meeting was. I had the next meeting coming to Baltimore. Oh, great. Meeting because we'd also convince King, well, King was trying to stop us from going in because he says that if we were going into these Black Belt counties, we were going to get killed and there was no question about it. And definitely we were going to do it. And we were telling him, in so many words, good things to happen to come into town. And we had the big, you remember the big Masonic Hall? Yes. Or Utah Place. And we had that place packed. So what I suggested was that most of the time these Baptist ministers like to get the collection in the middle of things. Why don't we collect it up at the beginning of things? So we got the money. So by the time Y.T. Walker got up in the middle of the program to make the collection, somebody pulled him on a coattail and told him we got the money and gone. He didn't like me too much, but he offered me a job when I met him in Atlanta. But anyway, I went on from there. He was, to talk about logistics, the man was really sharp. Yes, he was. So then I was asked, because we had registered so many people in Baltimore, that was the other thing I reported in Kentucky that we had registered this great number of people in Baltimore. So I became a voter registration expert, as they saw it. Doing that, yeah, I go. Now this was which summer? This is 61. 61, okay. This is now all the 61. What do you logistics do? And I get to Macomb, Mississippi. First thing he tells me is that we have to set up a freedom school. We have to set up people coming in. We got to make arrangements with the local groceries and the restaurant folk. And we've got to have some way to count the monies that's coming in and donations. Somebody's got to do all of that. And somebody's got to go down in the local stores and the bank and open up a bank account. We were doing business with the city and the city didn't even know who the hell we were. We had a hard part together. The rest, when we had a rally, folks would sing and shout. And then if we got somebody to go on recruitment to go to the school, first you had to go to school in order to register to vote. 61 in Mississippi, you had to interpret the constitution of the Mississippi in order to register to vote. And pay the poll tax, yes. And pay the poll tax. You had to interpret it and write it. So folks had to learn to read and write. So we had to teach people who had never learned to read and write to even have the courage to vote. And while this is happening, there's a man by the name of Herbert Lee, an NAACP representative, but he was working with us. That was a good thing about us in Mississippi and wherever we worked. We didn't pay no attention to who you were. If you were coming to help us out, we didn't care. Even if they were the FBI, if they wanted to. And they did. Well, they did and we didn't ask them. We didn't ask them their name, but they probably registered some votes. They did. Listen, sweetheart, we need to take a break. So we'll be in 30, 60 seconds. We will be right back and pick up the story right there. This is Think Tech Hawaii, raising public awareness. Hi, I'm Bill Sharp, host of Asian Review here on Think Tech Hawaii. Join me every Monday afternoon on 5 to 5.30 Hawaii Standard Time for an insightful discussion of Contemporary Asian Affairs. There's so much to discuss and the guests that we have are very, very well informed. Just think we have the upcoming negotiation between President Trump and Kim Jong-un. The possibility of Xi Jinping, the leader of China, remaining in power forever. We'll see you then. Aloha, welcome to Hawaii. This is Prince Dykes, your host of The Prince of Investing. Coming to you guys each and every Tuesday at 11 a.m. Right here on Think Tech Hawaii. Don't forget to come by and check out some of the great information on stocks, investings, your money, all the other great stuff, and I'll be your host. See you Tuesday. Hi, I'm Marsha, and we are talking to Reggie Robinson. And he was the front man going into the south during the civil rights movement. And Reggie was telling us about Herbert Lee. Yeah, Herb? Go ahead. No, Reggie, you finish. No, I'm saying there's so many stories to tell, I don't even know where to begin. So continue. Well, Herbert Lee, as I was saying, was a representative of the NAACP, and he was working with us. And state representative Hurst, and he was a state representative, came in the cotton gin and shot him dead. Ooh. Just because he was registering to vote with us, helping us to get people to register to vote, and he was a registered voter himself. And we were told that we were not to leave, we were not to leave town, and not to even go to his funeral or anything. And Amsey Moore, who was one of the important people who brought us into Mississippi, told us that if we left then, we could never do anything again. So we held a rally in Aimee County at his funeral, and so that took care of that. And we stayed and did what we had to do. Well, other places that I've been was, like Selma, Alabama. I was on a mission for Ruby Daris, who was the boss at that time. She used to operate in Atlanta, telling us what to do and where to go, and keeping track of us on the watch lines. I was traveling back to Atlanta, getting ready for a conference. I was stopping at all of the black campuses, talking up the conference that was coming up to get as many participants as we could. I got back to Atlanta. We had a message from Selma, Alabama, that somebody wanted to talk to us on Selma University. So I was moved out to Selma, Alabama, to talk to, I think I remember his name, a young Reverend Johnson that was living on Selma campus. He was in school there, and I was smothered on campus, and I stayed on campus for about two weeks, putting together contacts in the neighborhood, looking at the town and trying to figure out what it was all about, who owned what, and who was the biggest employers, and where the money's come from, and places for people to stay. And then when I got, then I got discovered, so I had to leave town just at the conference, and after the conference, it was decided that they're not lost yet, would go into Selma and complete what I had started, because we had found a group of ministers there, but we dubbed them the 12 High, and so Bernie went in, Bernie went in to operate with them, and that's how the Selma project got started, which led on to whatever you wanted to see about Longstown County. Oh yeah, everybody knows, they heard of Stokely Carmichael. Stokely was a part of Snick. He was one of the chairs, right? Yes, he was. Yeah, and he went into Longstown County, just like you, to register people to vote, and what he ran into, of course, was the economy, that if these people went to vote, they were pushed off the plantation, and he helped to work the skills they had in creating quilting and other things, and he managed to figure out a way for them to sell in Chicago and other places. But the big thing was to get them registered to vote, and they were told that they couldn't be on the ballot without a symbol, like everybody's got a logo on the ballot. And what he told me is that he saw this high school football team with a black panther, and that was how he decided to use that black panther as the symbol on the ballot so that these black people could A have a candidate and could vote. So that's as fast as I can put it together real fast. But Longstown County was a horrible, nasty place, and even all these years later, you can feel the ghosts in Longstown County. You can feel it, you can see it, they're just there. It's an awful place. But Mississippi, Alabama, oh my God, how you survived Mississippi was a hellhole. Reggie? Yeah? So how long? What was the question? No, I'm saying how long were you in Mississippi? Well, let's put it this way. I was with Snake for six years. I was only in Mississippi that time, from July, maybe December. Then I came back to Mississippi some years back in, again, other times because I began to move around. The last time I was in Mississippi was from 66 to 67, number from 67 to 68. Yeah. Now you were in Cambridge. That's the last time. You were in Cambridge, Maryland also, right? Yes, I was. Yes, I was. Tell us about that. Cambridge, Maryland. It was an awful, awful time. Well, I had left, we had left Mississippi to regroup after the students had walked out of school in McComb. And we regrouped in Atlanta. And it was suggested that regrouping, that I go back to Route 40, which was up in Maryland, and coordinate with a guy by the name of Robert Carter who was working for CORE, who was working on a Route 40 project. And I was to coordinate that with him. And in the meantime, while I'm working there in Maryland, Christmas time, and I get a call from Ruby saying that five students from New York are sitting in the CORE office getting ready to go to Cambridge, Maryland, getting ready to go to Critchfield, Maryland. And they never had any nonviolent training or whatever, they were just going. And so she said, get over there and check it out. So by the time I finished talking to them and everything I was on a bus to Critchfield, Maryland, one of the first times I only got, the only time I got locked up the most six years I worked for SNCC, even though I was in and out of jail, sticking on other folks. I never, I never, this was the only time I really got an arrest. But we went to this restaurant that was owned by then Governor Tauss in Critchfield, Maryland. And we got out of it, we were in Princess Anne, Maryland, and Fred Sinclair from Cambridge, Maryland was our bail bargeman. Mitchell had found... Yeah, Reggie. Yeah. Hurry, get arrested because we had one minute left. Ha, ha, ha. Reggie became a hot spot and there again it was necessary almost a year before our folks could leave town and the local folks took over. That meant taking care of money again and finding places for folks to live, just a general upkeep and discipline of folks, a thing you can imagine other than... Well, listen sweetheart, you will have to come back and finish telling us all the six years of stories. And it's been a real pleasure talking to you as always. And you will come back. Promise me you will. Promise me you'll come back and finish telling this story. Thank you so much. Thank you. Aloha. Right now.
|
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|
Introductory Fluid Mechanics L13 p11 - Orthoganality of Streamlines and Potential Lines
|
[
"Fluid Mechanics (Field Of Study) Streamlines",
"Streaklines",
"And Pathlines"
] | 2015-07-27T12:45:42 | 2024-02-05T07:54:53 | 256 |
Y2jX0GrZPIU
|
So we've been talking about the stream function and the velocity potential function. What we're now going to take a look at is how those relate to one another and it turns out that they're orthogonal to one another. And we can examine this by looking at the definition of velocity for both the stream function and the velocity potential. So that's how they relate to one another. Now we also looked at the total derivative for the potential and the stream function. And we said that on lines of constant potential, that was zero. And therefore subbing in the values for the velocities. We can say that this equation holds along a line of constant phi. And similarly for the stream function, we have a total derivative, again that is equal to zero subbing in the values. And so this line here holds, or this equation holds along a line of stream function, or psi equals constant. So what we can do, we can look at the slope from these two equations. And the slope of dy by dx for a line, a potential line, is equal to minus u over v. And you can show that that is the negative reciprocal of the slope of a stream function line. So they are mutually orthogonal to one another, the stream functions and the potential functions. And let's take a look at the velocity field that we were working with earlier. And that was the one where we came up with the stream function and the potential functions. So on this curve, on the left, is our stream function, psi was x, y. And I've done this with a equals one and the constant equal to zero in the equation. And the potential function on the right, and that turned out to be x squared over two minus y squared over two. So we have those two. Now if we overlay the two, they should be mutually orthogonal and we'll take a look in the next slide and certainly they are. So there you can see an overlay of the stream function and the potential function. And sure enough, the lines are mutually orthogonal or perpendicular to one another. So that gives us a bit of a coverage of the stream function and the potential function. In the next segment, what I'll do is I'll kind of try to wrap it all up and explain where we use the stream function and the potential function in fluid mechanics.
|
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"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2jX0GrZPIU",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}
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|
UC1NF71EwP41VdjAU1iXdLkw
|
Maritime India Vision 2030: Reforming and transforming ports, shipping & waterways
|
The Maritime India Summit 2021 is being organized by the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways on a virtual platform www.maritimeindiasummit.in from 2nd March to 4th March 2021. The Summit will visualize a roadmap for India's Maritime sector for next decade and will work to propel India to the forefront of the Global Maritime Sector.
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#MaritimeIndiaSummit #Shipping #MakeinIndia #Waterways #Summit #InvestIndia #Maritime
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] | 2021-03-02T05:48:16 | 2024-04-23T01:12:03 | 292 |
y27UAjd0oPs
|
Maritime sector facilitates over 95% of India's Ex-Im trade and is a key employment generator for the nation. Recognising the pivotal importance of the sector, Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, under the ABLE guidance and leadership of Honourable Prime Minister Trinarindram Modi has embarked on a path-breaking journey named Maritime India Vision 2030 to reform and transform ports, shipping and waterways of India and energise them up as we sail towards Atman-Nirbhar Bharat Whenever ports are more efficient, it contributes to India being Atman-Nirbhar and a global hub for trade as well as logistics. The Maritime India Vision 2030 identifies 5 key areas to propel India's growth into the next decade. The Government has planned several initiatives to create world-class port infrastructure which will reduce logistics costs and benefit MSME and manufacturing sector in the country and drive realisation of both Atman-Nirbhar Bharat and make in India for the world. Government has identified 39 birds which would be operated on PPP bases. Maritime India Vision plans to implement several digital initiatives which will increase operational efficiency and benefit stakeholders across shipping, trade and logistics. A landmark reform was the passing of the major port authorities at 2021 aimed at giving impetus to operational efficiency for major ports. MIV 2030 will deliver tangible benefits to the logistics, manufacturing and agricultural stakeholders. 5 key pillars of India's shipping reforms would not only pin India at the top of the global marine map but also boost local manufacturing, recycling, tourism, creating millions of job opportunities. The vision seeks to significantly increase Indian tonnage on Indian built and Indian flag vessels. Most Indian shipping breaking yards today are Hong Kong convention compliant and the government is committed towards doubling the capacity and making India the number one destination for ship breaking globally. Cruise traffic in the country has risen five times driven by timely and visionary policy level interventions in the sector. Vision lays out multiple initiatives for India to be the preferred global destination for maritime education, research and training. The Maritime India Vision 2030 offers to take multiple steps in augmenting navigational capacity seeking private partnership and all-inclusive and sustainable development for freight passenger and tourism network for our national waterways. In addition to cargo, river cruise tourism will be provided support and impetus. The development of water aerodromes and the provision of seaplane service for the benefit of passengers and tourists is being jointly undertaken by Ministry of Civil Aviation and the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways of the Government of India. Vision 2030 also provides a roadmap for comprehensive development and promotion of urban water transport system across major urban centres. Which will provide a safe, low-cost mode of transport for citizens. Maritime India Vision 2030 takes Indian maritime sector to world-class levels, generating more than 3 lakh crores of investment, more than 20 lakh jobs and will provide an unparalleled platform for our port-dependent MSME and local farmers to export their products by gaining access to national and international markets. Led by a visionary leader and followed by a nation, the vision is all set to lead us to an unprecedented phase of development and prosperity.
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GOLDRUSH! 2021 CHALLENGER R/T T/A 6 SPEED MANUAL 4K WALKAROUND 23T149B
|
This 2021 DODGE CHALLENGER R/T T/A 6 SPEED MANUAL IN GOLDRUSH METALLIC FOR SALE IN FOND DU LAC OSHKOSH WISCONSIN 54935 is the vehicle we did walk around review of today.
CLICK HERE TO SUBSCRIBE! https://www.youtube.com/summitauto?sub_confirmation=1
Thank you for checking out this video of this 2021 DODGE CHALLENGER R/T T/A 6 SPEED MANUAL IN GOLDRUSH METALLIC FOR SALE IN FOND DU LAC OSHKOSH WISCONSIN 54935
If I helped you out in any way you can support my knowledge sharing cause with Super Thanks Button Above! ^|^|^|^|^|^|^|^
Remember to like, subscribe and share.
https://www.summitautocdjr.com/inventory/used-2021-dodge-challenger-rt-plus-rt-plus-ta-trans-am-6-speed-heatac-seats-backup-cam-1-owner-rwd-2dr-car-2c3cdzbt2mh635515/
920-921-0850
STOCK: 23T149B
PRICE: $39,991
MILES: 12,549
MAKE: DODGE
MODEL: CHALLENGER
VIN: 2C3CDZBT2MH635515
PHONE: 920-921-0850
WEBSITE: www.SUMMITAUTO.com & TRUCKSON41.com
LOCATION: FOND DU LAC OSHKOSH WISCONSIN, 54937 TRUCKS ON 41
CLEAN TITLE HISTORY! CLEAN CARFAX! 5.7 Liter V8 Engine, Two Door Coupe, R/T Plus Package, T/A Trans AM Edition, Super Trak Pak, 6 Speed Manual Transmission Stick Shift, Rear Wheel Drive RWD 4x2 Two Wheel Drive, Reverse Backup Camera Rearview Camera, Dual Rear Exhaust, Blind Spot Monitoring with Rear Cross-Path Detection, Power Driver's Seat, Dual Heated Seats, Air Conditioned Ventilated Seats, Black Ebony Leather Seats, Suede and Leathers Seats, Bucket Seats, Memory Driver's Seat, Heated Power Mirrors with Blindspot Indicators, Electronic Stability Control Traction Control ESC, Goodyear Eagle F1 245/45 ZR20 Tires, 20 Inch Rims Premium Wheels, Painted Alloy Rims Premium Wheels, Four Wheel Disc Brembo Brakes, Decklid Spoiler, Fog Lights, HID High Intensity Discharge Headlights, LED Running Lights, LED Tail Lamps, Reverse Sensors, Chrome Tipped Exhaust, Cowl Induction Sport Hood, AM / FM Radio Tuner, Sirius/XM Satellite Radio Capabilities Sirius / XM, Uconnect (R) 8.4 AM/FM System 8.4 Inch Touchscreen with AM/FM, 7-Inch Multi-View Display, Alpine Premium Audio Sound System, SOS / Assist System, U Connect Hands Free Bluetooth Hands-Free Phone System Blue Tooth, Android Auto Compatible, Apple Car Play Compatible, Auxiliary MP3 Jack Portable Audio Connection, USB Jack Portable Audio Connection, Enter-N-Go System Keyless Entry System, Keyless Entry System, Push Button Start, Rear Window Defroster, Driver and Passenger Front Air Bags, L.A.T.C.H. Child Safety System, Side Curtain Air Bags SRS Safety Restraint System, Heated Steering Wheel Multi-Function Steering Wheel Controls, Homelink System with Three Programmable Buttons for Garage Doors, Lighting Systems & Security Systems, Compass, Outside Temperature Display and Mileage Display, Dual Multi-Zone Climate Control , Fold Down Rear Seats, Factory All Weather Floormats, Air Conditioning AC, Cruise Control, Power Locks, Power Windows, Automatic Headlights Autolamp, Power Tilt/Telescope Steering Wheel, 3 Year / 36,000 Mile Remaining Factory Bumper to Bumper Warranty, Whichever comes first, 5 Year / 60,000 Mile Remaining Powertrain Factory Warranty, Whichever comes first, Goldrush Yellow Gold Metallic, CLEAN AUTOCHECK! Very very clean inside and out! This is one of the sharpest 2021 Dodge Challenger R/T Plus cars we have ever had on our lot! Make your move before this super clean ride is gone!
Call Now! 1-(920)-921-0850 . Check out our Full inventory at www.SUMMITAUTO.com ! Summit Automotive Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin also Proudly Serving Oshkosh, Madison, Milwaukee, Sheboygan, Appleton, and Waupun is a family owned and operated dealership since 1959. We take great pride in our new and used car and truck center with vehicles to fit everyone's budget. We have ON THE SPOT FINANCING. BAD CREDIT OR GOOD CREDIT, we work with over 20 lenders to get you APPROVED AT THE MOST COMPETITIVE RATES. We provide AIRPORT TRANSPORTATION and NATIONWIDE DELIVERY OPTIONS. We are conveniently located on HWY 41 at EXIT 98, Hwy 151 at Military Rd. Exit . Just Look For The TRUCKS ON 41. Advertised price does not include, tax, title, registration and service fee.
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] | 2023-10-31T20:34:52 | 2024-02-05T08:51:12 | 612 |
y2Mvfoy858k
|
Hey, this is Brett and this 2021 Dodge Challenger RT Trans-Am or TA package is stock number 23T149B. I am here at Summit Automotive in Vondellac, Wisconsin. You're new and used sports car and Dodge Challenger headquarters. This 2021 Dodge Challenger has the 5.7-liter V8 Hemi engine, puts out 372 horsepower. It's paired up with these six-speed manual transmission. This car has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop as a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off and this car is 100% ready to go. I'm going to go all the way around in this video inside, start it up, take a look under the hood and just give you the most accurate representation that I can of the vehicle. Gold Rush Metallic is the color, one of my favorite colors on the Challengers. This was a special color for 2020 and they brought it over to 2021, very unique color. We'll get into the metal flake on that in just a minute, but this car is very clean all the way around. If you like the video, you can subscribe to the YouTube channel. This one comes with the 20-inch granite crystal-painted alloy wheels. It has the Brembo brakes in front and it has Goodyear Eagle RSA tires. These are 245, 45R20s. I would say that they have probably about 80% of the tread life, 70 to 80% on there. Front fender is in excellent condition. I didn't see any major dents or dings on there. Comes with the projector style headlamps, LED running lights, factory fog lights. Front bumper is absolutely perfect. It's never been drilled into. Lower valance is in great shape. It comes with the satin finish hood, roof and trunk. Get the single cowl induction there. Really like that hood. And that satin finish is in nice shape. I didn't see any rips or tears on it. Looks really good. Passengers side front fender is in excellent condition as well. And the passenger side front wheel is absolute perfect. No scuffs or scrapes on there. So Gold Rush Metallic, like I said, they had this as a special color in 2020. It was on the 50th anniversary, I believe, of the Challenger. A special color for that package. And you can see it's got a lot of metal flake in it. And it's a very rare color. This is only the third Gold Rush I've ever seen. So very, very rare color and very good looking color. As you go down this side of this 2021 Dodge Challenger, take note of how clean the body is, how reflective and mirror-like that paint is. I take these HD videos so if you're far away or even if you're close by and you just cannot make the trip down but you're still interested in purchasing the vehicle, you can see the car, hear the car and have confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at before you even get here. So when you do get here, there's absolutely no surprises and you can make a smart and informed buying decision from wherever you're at. If this video helps you make that buying decision, let your salesman know that you saw the video that it was helpful and that brought it to you. Back wheels in really nice shape as well and the back tires have just as much tread as those front tires maybe even a little bit more. I would say maybe those tires in the back are close to new. Coming around to the back of the vehicle, rear bumper is in great shape. You get the backup parking sensors, the chrome tipped dual rear exhaust, the LED tail lamps, the decklid spoiler and that satin finish on the trunk is in nice condition too. Trunk area is very clean. You get a tire inflator kit and this is where your battery is located. This is a clean title history car, shocks are doing a nice job pulling that trunk lid up. It's a two owner out of South Carolina and most recently in Wisconsin. This is the second time we've had this car. So the customer purchased it from us and then traded it back in for a truck. Rear quarter is in excellent condition as well and for full disclosure, this back wheel is in really nice shape too. Down the rest of the side of the car, doors look really good. You get those decals on the side, they're all in very nice condition as well. You also get blind spot monitoring, heated mirrors. Inside the RT package gives you the black leather and suede or Alcantara suede interior. You get the TA stitched into the backrest. Side current airbags, power driver seat, factory all-weather floor mats, bright pedals, auto headlamps, power telescopic and tilt steering wheel that's working nicely. Alpine premium sound system, memory driver seat, power windows, locks and mirrors and you get the leather bolster on the door. Back seats are in fantastic condition, no rips or tears back there. Look really good. We'll hop inside, check out the miles, the radio and everything this car has to offer on the interior. You can see this one has 12,606 miles on it. You do get the 7 inch LCD display, Challenger animation at the beginning and this one has the digital speedometer, time in the corner, you can change all those corners to read pretty much whatever you want. Comes with the leather wrapped steering wheel, cruise controls on the right, Bluetooth and information center controls on the left, audio controls in the back of the steering wheel you do get the flat bottom steering wheel and this is a heated steering wheel as well. This one comes with the 8.4 touch screen radio, AM, FMN, Sirius XM radio capabilities, you do get heated and cooled seat buttons as well as heated steering wheel controls, you get a projection manager performance pages and all your other apps right there. So this one has projection manager which is nice because this doesn't have the factory navigation system but you can project your cell phone up there with Waze or Google Maps on your, through Android Auto or Apple CarPlay and it's like you have nav right in the screen, we did a demo on Android Auto if you want to check that out, that's in the upper right hand part of the screen as well, we'll check out the performance pages, they take a second to load so while they're loading I will show you the push button start, more tactile volume tune and climate controls, you get sport mode, super track pack, parking sensors and stability control and here's your six speed manual transmission, here's your key fob that's in nice condition and here are your performance pages so you can change all these widgets to different widgets, on there you get different timers, on there gauges, G4's engine and dyno and if this engine was running that'd be going so we'll leave that up so when we do start it you can check that out, passenger side format and seat are in excellent condition as well and the headliner is absolutely perfect on this car, map lights up there, homelink buttons for your garage door security systems and lane systems, assist and SOS buttons in the mirror, let's start it up and take a look under the hood, there's your backup camera that is working nicely and then the performance pages, like I said once it's running you can see that those actually change a little bit so that's pretty cool, see what the engine is doing here, pretty neat all right let's go take a look under the hood, check out all those lights as well I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today and hopefully from this HD video you've been able to verify the quality condition options and of course cleanliness of this car all the way around that's just the box elder buck, has the HID headlamps, LED running lights you get the TA logo in there which is pretty cool that's just air induction there all the lights are working nicely though, under the hood we have the 5.7 liter V8 Hemi engine, cold air intake engine base very clean runs very smooth once again this car has been fully safety to and inspected by our service shop has a fresh oil and filter change all the fluids have been checked and topped off this car is 100% ready to go, there is the emission sticker shocks are doing a nice job pulling that hood up and I would highly recommend this car for make quality and condition standpoint really hard to find gold rush metallic as well I would ship this when I work whoever's gonna get this this car is going to love it and to see more pictures of this car one of our other 550 new and used cars trucks, SUVs, minivans, Wranglers, sports cars, Challengers, Chargers, Camaros, Mustangs, SRT8s I mean we've got everything just go check us out at that website right there summitauto.com full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle all at summitauto.com if you'd like to check out more HD videos you can go to youtube.com slash summit auto click the bell notifications get updates in the videos I do each and every day as well as having access to one of the largest catalogs of vehicle and sports car walkarounds on YouTube in fact in a second you will see a link to subscribe to my youtube channel the upper left a link to all the challenger videos I've ever done in the upper right link to this vehicle on our website in the lower left and a link to one of our latest YouTube videos in the lower right click those checks out we're super excited to help you with this ultra clean 2021 Dodge Challenger RTTA in gold rush metallic thanks again for checking out the video remember to like subscribe and share in the youtube channel I really appreciate it thanks again
|
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"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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UCd6L91lxfN6EEldXLfA0WJg
|
Automated retail
|
Lewis talks with Toby Hanbury, founder and CEO of The Healthy Vending Company and Touch Automated Retail. They talk about Toby's journey from start-up to sustainable business, and what sells through a vending machine.
Subscribe here: http://bit.ly/2wbYocU
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Available on:
iTunes: https://apple.co/2tTWywi
Google Podcast: https://bit.ly/2XHEYJF
Soundcloud: https://bit.ly/2EJDeGW
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2SIfIPP
Stitcher: http://bit.ly/2VehDxn
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find me:
Website: https://bit.ly/2tPsqlB
Instagram: https://bit.ly/2EtZuEM
Twitter: https://bit.ly/2C1kRwU
Facebook: https://bit.ly/2IQ0GYw
LinkedIn: http://bit.ly/2w7IdgZ
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
How to contact me:
Email: hello@donttakeoutyourphone.com
Office: Warnford Court, 29 Throgmorton Street, London, EC2N 2AT, United Kingdom
|
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"Recruitment",
"Advice",
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] | 2019-05-20T13:28:59 | 2024-02-05T08:07:43 | 2,353 |
y2IyTjXv7Nk
|
Hey folks, welcome to the podcast. Today I had the pleasure of speaking to one of my good friends, Tabie Hanbury. We were at uni together and had a lot of interesting business conversations over the years and it's been great to see him and hear him talk about his journey from setting up a business in his parents' front bedroom to getting warehouse space and building a proper sustainable business which is awesome. We talked about that journey, we talked about his industry which is automated retail and selling healthy products and we talked about the good old uni days so hope you enjoy it. Boom! And we're live. Boom's my new tagline. I keep saying it all the time so I'm going to make sure I'm consistent and say it on every podcast now. Tabie? Chill. Boom backwards is the mood. That is true. That is true. And you? I do. And yours are much bigger than they were a few years ago. So you've not been eating your healthy snacks there? Maybe I eat too many of my healthy snacks. That is true. We were just saying, or fair, that we started uni together 20 years ago this year. 1999? Yeah, crazy. We should go back to Magaluf and have a... Is that where we first met? Yeah, I think so. Yes, it was before 1999. No, it was summer 1999. Yeah, before we started university. Crazy. Who thought we'd have been sitting doing a podcast together 20 years on? Who even thought of podcasts 20 years ago? Who even thought we'd have our own businesses 20 years ago? It's like a radio show actually. Yeah, the cool thing is that with technology now, you can literally just plug in. It costs nothing and the world can hear your thoughts and it's crazy. We started out using lapel mics. Right. But now, so we did the first few with lapel mics and then to upgrade and get better sound quality, we invested in this little mixer and these two cool mics with arms which you can swizzle and stuff. Brilliant. Which is great. It's a cool set up. Yeah, thanks. So when I was at a level, I realised that if you've got a pair of headphones and you plug them into the microphone jack of a radio, you spoke into one of the headphones, one of the earphones. It was a microphone. Really? Yeah. So I used to plug it into a little radio that I had. I used to broadcast my back garden and then I had my radio station. At uni in the first year, I really liked, well, I love hip hop and I wanted to be on the radio. So I don't know if you remember, but I managed to get the- Get your addition for the radio. Yeah. Right. I auditioned to go on the university, it was like hip hop hour was like, I think it was like 9pm until 11pm or something. And so the guy who was the DJ who was like third or fourth year, was like, yeah man, come in and stuff. And he was starting to grill me on all the hip hop music I knew, which I then realised I knew none. My audition lasted about five minutes and he was like, yeah, this might not be for you mate. He was like, go select your best tune and I was looking through the records and I just found like Snoop Dogg and Dr. Dre. And he was like, do you know anything else? I was like, not really. That was when my radio career started and ended. I have never listened to hip hop so. Fair enough. So you are an entrepreneur and how did you start? Thanks. The Healthy Vending Company. How did it come about? If you recall, I bought into a Healthy Vending franchise. Was it straight after university or how? No, after uni I was with UJS for the year and I moved on. I was once again food retail, food service. And I worked for a sandwich company, do you remember? Yeah, yeah, yeah. I was like, oh sandwich. Oh yeah, yeah. And I ran two of the outlets, which was really good fun. I enjoyed it, but it was hard work. And I decided and then after that I left and went traffic with Emma. Yeah. Who's had my life. So that was a good plan. And I sat around for a while, not doing very much. And back someone said to me goes, you're going nowhere fast. Can't remember who it was, but it was, I was sitting around. It was for a sandwich, it was a good bit of an R. It was probably Adam. It might have been my dad. Anyway, so I went to a franchise exhibition because what I really wanted was a dominoes or a subway. Nice. That would have been good. And franchises in the family. Yeah, my dad was a franchisee of Coolquid printed. Cool. So I think it was the first franchise, Coolquid franchisee in the UK. It used to be Quick Coffee in the US. I mean franchises are a great thing, but we're really far behind the US on that sort of thing. But I joined a healthy vending franchise. It was on the pulse at the time. Jeremy Oliver was going into all the schools and talking about healthy this and unhealthy that. But they turned out to not be very good people. Why not? I won't get into detail. They weren't very good people. And their model wasn't working. There wasn't any balancing. Back then there wasn't much product. I see. But the franchise model itself, though, was a good way for you to start to get all the infrastructure and... Yeah, I guess so. I mean, I probably had a good education in how not to do things. Perfect. Wait, so this is a vending machine franchise. Yeah. Fine. Effectively, they would have been better with the licensing model. Fine. What's the difference? Is there much of that? Similar. Similar. Yeah, they are similar, but it's not something that would be a vast difference. Fine, fine. And so what point did you... How long did you do the franchise for? We... It was about three or four years before I really got going with a healthy vending company. Fine, okay. So it gave you a nice runway to... We weren't really doing much business with the franchise. So we, I was looking to pull away, pulling away for a while. You did it on your own, so... And then starting again and getting going took quite a while. But back then I was doing it from my parents' garage. Awesome. Running the business from our... So it's Steve Jobs. What was the playroom in my parents' house when we were kids? It was the cable stop. A stop room. Amazing. So yeah, it was good fun. Yeah, yeah, yeah. She had some vending machines out. She had the product in your parents' house. And then you'd be filling, selling. I would be out in the morning, filling machines, back out, selling on the phone, just doing everything. But it was... There wasn't a lot of product. It was actually more difficult to find product than it was to do anything else. So why did you decide to do healthy rather than cake, chocolate and... As I said, because I'd started... Because of Jamie Oliver's staff and... Gone into a healthy vending franchise. And I had healthy vending machines out. Okay, fine, fine. So if I was going to put away from a franchise, I had to do healthy vending. So we called ourselves the Healthy Vending Company. Awesome. It wasn't taken. It wasn't taken. No one else was doing it. There's a few players in the market now. But as I say, you just couldn't get the product. There was a bit... Here is how we're going to fill these machines. And the difference now is that actually, we, day in, day out, new brands, new products, new innovation, exciting new things, different ways of producing snacks and drinks, using different ingredients. The most recent thing that's really quite fine is the Black Eyed Pea Puff Snacks Betts. Really? Is that made by the Black Eyed Peas? No, it's not made by the Black Eyed Peas. I don't think it's really made by the Black Eyed Peas. It's just a different example. What is it, a pink? They take a black... They take a black... You have to ask them how they make them. What is it, just like a... I'll ask them how they make them. Yeah, yeah, yeah. So on that, how do you select all these products? How do you find about them? Do they just send you... They tend to come to us. They send you samples, don't they? Yeah. Constantly receiving new products, new brands. And in essence, there's only finite space in the machines. Yeah, yeah. And there's only finite space in our ranges. And we could go to three or four hundred different products or skewns if we wanted to. So a big internal issue for us is how big should our product range be? Yeah, yeah. Yeah, and how diverse. I want to have more and more product, but it's a big process to have. So how many roughly do you have in each machine, then? Was it varied from site to site? Depends on the size of the location, how big the machine is that can fit through the door. So I tend to refer to vending machines in numbers. So you get a three and a six, which would be three selections on a crisp shelf. Oh, OK, right, right. And doing inverted commas because you don't always have crisps. Five. And, you know, with my fingers. So it'd be three on a crisp shelf, six bars or snacks on a stack shelf, and then the same for cans or drinks or bottles. Nice, nice. So you get three and six, a four and an eight, a five and a 10. The biggest ones now are a six and a 12. Oh, OK. And they are a cool piece of kit, but they have the huge machines. Yeah, yeah, massive. Touch screen, LCD. Oh, wow. Baskets. Touch cards or cash. All of our machines have cash or something. So no cash anymore. We're going about 65 to 70 percent of ourselves go through cashless every month. Oh, nice. Yeah. Really cool. It's just the way it is. Yeah. And it's a how do you, what is a healthy snack? What is not a healthy snack? What is not a healthy snack? Crisps, chocolate. Are they unhealthy if I have one of them? Or is it everything in moderation? Well, it's a good point. Probably everything in moderation, but I think it's probably university recognized that a pack of wine gums isn't healthy. But they're so good. Well, they are great. But the thing is about a pack of sweets is that you're not eating them to be healthy. You're eating them to be bad. I saw a guy this morning walking out of Watford Junction Station drinking LucasAid and eating Haribo at 10 to 9 in the morning. What was the first thought that went through your mind? I wish I could eat. I wish I could just think to think of eating that for breakfast. But at what point does that pop into someone's mind that they're going to have fantastic Haribo and LucasAid for breakfast? Amazing. Maybe it was the end of his night. That's a good point. Fair point. Thursday night, Friday morning. So what is a healthy snack? There are certain things that we don't like to put in the machines specifically. So we've got a spartan or a sussle-fane, K-free for artificial sweeteners. In general, I don't know. But a lot of the functional product that we work with, so if it's a gin or a fitness or a leisure center, it's difficult to get away from sucralose, for instance. Okay. How come are they in the LucasAid? A lot of the, let's say, the functional products, the protein shakes, they can use a sweetener like sucralose. Everything's moving a bit more towards stevia. I can't stand any sweetener. Stevia, sucralose, I can just taste it quite susceptible to it. And then, I guess the biggest issue I have is you get the kids' products. So you get fruit juice. Oh, yeah, yeah, yeah. Everyone thinks fruit juice is amazing. But it's sweetened with a sussle-fane, K-free and a spartan, and artificial sweeteners. And why do children even need a sweetener? For sure. Be in a drink. Why can't they just have fruit juice and water? Yeah. Do you don't sell those? No. No. Artificial sweeteners. Do you sell stuff for kids? We've got great ranges for kids. In fact, actually what we're working on at the moment is something I've been trying to work on for a couple of months, but we've had bigger projects to go out. But our parent and toddler vending machine will be a go-to location or a go-to venue at Westfield. Oh, nice, congrats. We will be launching a parent and toddler-focused vending machine. Amazing. And this is in Westfield? It will be in Westfield, London. Yeah, yeah. And what does that mean? It means that it won't be much different to our other vending machines, but there'll be more product for toddlers and children within the machine. Awesome. So yeah, it's cool. That's really cool. And so you've spent a lot of time developing the range and stuff for the kids? And I don't need to spend time developing the range. I just have to say these are cool brands. They're great for their great grandparents to be able to do all the stuff that we've, you know, there's like sweet corn rings and those carrot puffs. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Yeah, but it might be if we can, like to get something like an app to mill or a calendar gate and there as well. So why shouldn't this stuff be in a vending machine? No, definitely. And is it branded parents and toddler? It will be a healthy vending company machine powered by Touch Automated Retail. Fine. Automated retail. Yeah. Is that your kind of umbrella term now for the business? Yeah. So we began with the healthy vending company. Yeah. And then one of my clients said to me, can you do some unhealthy vending machines? Because, you know, you're giving us a good service, but I've got to get those chocolate machines out, because no one's been to fill them. And so, I'm a businessman. So I wanted to carry on growing my vending business. Yeah, yeah. So we created the classic vending company brand, still using the same visual imagery of our logo with the tags. So we have the classic vending company, and it enables us to give the customer a choice. Great. So we don't dictate to people what they should and shouldn't do. No, no, absolutely. We just give them a choice. So the classic vending company started to place machines in the same areas as the healthy vending company. But it was really difficult to be pigeonholed as a healthy vending company, because then, whilst it's great for business, we also find that our clients, our business and industry clients, so law firms and accountancy firms and consultancy firms, they're buying their coffee machines from other companies. They don't realise what we do, if that makes sense, because they think we're the healthy vending company. So, but we're just doing it. All right, I see. Yeah, so it's just, it's the difficult, it was a bit schizophrenic in terms of our brand strategy. Fine. So you wanted to do a vending solution, and depending on what the customer wants, you stock them with healthy or whatever else they want. I went to a public health Milton Keynes event for small enterprises, a bit of a networking thing, but just to show people what healthy vending was. And the only inquiry or the only real bit of business that came out of it was, we were asked if we could put e-cigarettes into vending machines. Oh, wow. Yeah. My first, my response was, I don't know if that's ethical. Fair enough. Or legal or moral, because, you know, e-cigarettes contain nicotine that's addictive. Yeah, yeah. But what we found out was there's a real problem within the NHS for the mental health sector, for the acute mental health trusts, because all of the canvases, all the hospitals are going, smoke-free. It's a massive drive on smoking cessation within the NHS. Interesting. So you can't smoke in and around the hospital or outside or what you do if you're an acute mental health patient and you're not allowed out. So what you do, you can't smoke. And we've been discussing, talking to some trusts that are spending between £5,000 and £10,000 a month on e-cigarettes. Wow. Wait, so they buy them in for there? They have to buy them to give them to the patients. Wow. So what we've done is we've created a smoking cessation vending machine. So for us, it's not just stacking the machine full of e-cigs. It's where we can, where we're able to. It's sugar-free sweets, fiddle toys, stress balls. Amazing. We started with e-cigs and we're gradually bringing in these other items and working with the trusts that we work with. We now work with two NHS trusts, two NHS. Wow. So these vending machines are in a hospital and vending e-cigarettes plus stress relief. Yeah, so a couple of, one of the trusts have e-cigarettes and healthy products. Great. Healthy snacks and drinks. And the other trusts will have, they go live next week and they will just have e-cigarettes to start with and then we will bring in the smoking cessation and ciliary items as we record. But we can't do that until the healthy vending company under the classic vending company. So Touch AR, Touch Automated Retail, is our new umbrella brand. Great. But we also have our Vend IT model. Which is? Which is? When we were asked could you do SIM cards? Can you do calculators in the University Library? And the answer is yes, there's no reason why not. We just buy in a new SKU, goes on a different shelf, gets a different product code and the guys at the warehouse just pick and pack it as the machines require. Amazing. So now really the focus is automated retail and you don't really mind what products the customers you're placing the vending machines in wants to vend from it. Bye. Like as the shops on the High Street close, you open another vending machine. That would be nice because there's a lot of shops closing. But it's true. I mean I think they were like when they, I'm sure in China they were vending cars, weren't they? I think like you do your biometrics and then depending on your on your credit rating or the scoring that they give you, they'll like open the doors to your car and then you can test drive it. In the broadest sense, yeah, technically it is vending. Yeah. The Latin word for to sell is bendy, bendy. Right. Right, so any sale is a bend, right? Doesn't matter where you are. I don't, it's a bendy. I don't know. Yeah, definitely. I mean you've got like just low cost way of selling stuff. Like not always low cost though because sometimes you know the machines, the machines can be quite expensive. Yeah, but it's cheaper than a human. Yeah. And rent on Oxford Street. And you know, I mean if you wanted to like, if you wanted to sell the healthy products, healthy snacks on Oxford Street, it's much cheaper to stick a vending machine there than it's great. I think it's, you know, I think you're going to see more and more. Who do I speak to about the vending machine on Oxford Street? That'd be cool. Stick it out, you know, like also the tick offices are closing or they will probably close in all the main stations. So like what's going on in there? It's space. It's space, yeah, where you can stick a computer with any machine and products that people want, which is great. I think you're going to see this more and more as time gets on. People have, the way I see it is, yeah, we're a vending company, right? Yes, we do business and industry led vending solutions. We do snacks and drinks. We do coffee machines, water coolers, hot taps, all the things you'd want in your office space. But the conversation more and more is how we can give people solutions to their problems. And I've always said, I said to clients all the time, we're solutions driven. If you've got a problem with anything, let's get to a solution. Every business should be. Yeah, I see. Right. We are the more people we speak to. There's always an issue with retail, the business. We're talking to a couple of universities at the moment where they're catering outlets are really struggling. They're catering. Catering outlets are struggling in certain areas of the university. They have to have fresh food. They have to have some hot food, but they can't afford the staff. Do they want to spend money on redoing the kitchen? The kitchen is breaking. So, and this is similar to what we did on the Jamie Oliver show. What did you do? It's called Friday on Feast, right? Fine. What did you do on that? We created a vending machine. I didn't create the vending machine. We used an existing solution. And we created a machine for them that vended hot fresh food. And fresh food comes out of the machine and then the consumer can go and microwave it. Perfect. It's a very nice food. It was good. And so that is what made on the day by whoever... It was made by Jamie Oliver. Fine. So, in the show they did, he went in and they talked to the guys who only had chocolates and crisps at night because it's a cool centre. Right, right. And they want fresh food, but the fresh food stops being served at 2.30, 3 o'clock because the cafe or county closes. Yeah. They have a kitchen on site. It's the same with this university. Fine. That was two universities. Right. They have a kitchen. Yeah. Right. They're producing fresh food from 10 a.m. till 2 p.m. There's no reason that they can't make that same fresh food, put it into an ice, buy the gradable compostable cardboard box, stick it up and stock it in the vending machine. Nice. The beauty of the machines, this is the cool bit, is that the chef makes the food and knows that it's going to take two minutes and 50 seconds to microwave that product. So if you program the machine, which has got a built-on microwave tower, to when someone buys selection 11, it operates the microwave for two minutes and 50 seconds. So you buy selection 11, the bucket goes up, collects the product, comes down, you take it out, and the microwave pings, and the door opens for you to put it in. And that microwave is timed for two minutes and 50 seconds. Amazing. That's fresh food, automated retail. And then they've got, is that like a fridge? The machine is refrigerated. Amazing. And they stock it daily. Wow. They don't need a third-party company to come in and give them. So they just, so you deliver the tech, the vending machine, and it's their responsibility to develop and make the products. It's all programmable and customizable. If they want to, if they want to make the food on site, box it up, pack it up, and put it in the machine, they can do that. Otherwise, there are plenty of quality providers of delivery, all over London who would jump at the chance. Yeah, there's quite a lot of like these fresh, farm-produced, or like what, farm-to-fork type food delivery things. That's really cool. And so you're going to roll that out with a couple of unis, and then if that goes well, the rest of them. It's just an indicator of the interesting consequences that are taking place and the way in which the market is moving. Yeah, now that it's great. It's not always snacks and cold drinks. It doesn't have to be snacks or cold drinks. No, no, no, no. So you can, yeah, you can vend anything. Interesting, because then you can start, yeah, serving the food 24 hours, increase sales. 24-7. Love that. Is that the biggest kind of trend you've, is that how like? I think there's a big, I think there'll be a big, big growth in that sector, a big shift. For the heated food, the food specific. I don't see any reason why there shouldn't be. The technology's there. And people are making fresh food everywhere, so why not? No, absolutely. Absolutely. We should stick one in here, it's true. Although I'd probably eat more, though, if it was readily available. But anyway, I might not. Discipline. What's been like the biggest challenge you found running your own business, growing it, reacting to all these different trends and business opportunities? Probably similar to the problems that you have running your business, I would suspect. Finance, people. Every service. Everything. Yeah. There's like, they don't call it business for nothing. That's true. That's true. There's good busy and bad busy. Yeah, that's true. However busy you are for good busy, you're always, always bad busy. I mean, we're dealing with having to change our vehicles because of the ultra low emissions zones and, you know, it's just managing all of the stuff that comes with running a distribution business. Yeah, absolutely. I mean, someone tried to break into one of the vans a couple of weeks ago, so you've got to get the van off the road, you've got to hire a van, deal with the insurance company. Then you've got to think, well, okay, then we've got to get the, if we get the door replaced, then we've got to get the, it's got to be a resign written. Yeah, it's all like peripheral nonsense that's stopped. True, true. It takes your focus off what you really want to be doing. You've got some good support around you, right? I've got a great team, I've got a really great team. And I guess, I mean, you know my business quite well, and I know your business quite well because we speak well. And actually, not many of our friends or our peers run their own businesses, which is quite interesting. There's only a handful of us. Yeah, absolutely. So one of the best things I, the best things that I ever did was start with joining a network group. And I extracted myself from being on my own most of the week. When you started, you mean? Yeah, going into a room full of 50 other people, 50 other businesses, using their services, using their skills, their knowledge, their services, where necessary, but also just like having a sounding board. No, true, because when you start a business, I was the same, you start on your own and you're like Janitor, the finance guy, the sales guy, the HR guy, like you're literally everything until you start to identify jobs that you can outsource to other people. And then you can start building a business. And then the great thing about the networking stuff and also just having friends that also have their own businesses. Should look like calling you or you're calling me and be like, hey, I had this issue or what do you think about this or an employee's done that or how should I do with this client? It's quite, it's really useful. So yeah, I think it's important to have people that you can share your experiences with. The most common thing I say to my friends or my peers who have their own businesses and they tell me they've had a problem you've had a problem, just make sure it doesn't happen again. You just learn from it. We're not learning. Absolutely. The contract doesn't say this, but okay, now you know, the contract should say this. Yeah, yeah, yeah. It's also the mindset because nothing goes perfectly and it's all just a journey. And as long as you're evolving and getting better every day, it's great and you're moving forward and you have the right kind of, if you have the right mentality about these things, it becomes, it de-stresses a lot of the stuff that people get stressed about when they're running businesses. I know, so the key for me is that the client never sees what's going on in the background. As long as the client's getting the best service. Absolutely, yeah, yeah. It doesn't matter what's going on in the background. No. Because every business, every business that you're interacting with there's something going on that you wouldn't want to know about. Well, it's just, you know, it's just the trials and tribulations of running a company. You know, whether it's like getting the product from A to B and something's happened in between or... Have you heard what I mean? McDonald's, the issues they're having on the menu. McDonald's? Yeah. No, you go. So they've introduced about, I don't know how many weeks ago, it must have been four, five, six, two weeks ago, this vegetarian wrap. Right. I've got these vegetarian tofu pieces all over the country. People are being served chicken wraps instead of a vegetarian tofu wrap. Yeah, because the pieces of tofu look like chicken, and they can't get there. They have... I mean, this is a business with, like, serious systems in place. Of everything they do. Have tofu wrap sales then gone off the roof? I know two people have had a chicken wrap or a vegetarian since I read it in the newspaper. And they've never become vegetarian again. Well, they're not best pleased about it. No, no, no, no. But yeah, it's a point. And also, this links back to what we were talking about when we first started, which, if you watch The Founder, which is an excellent film, have you seen it? No, I haven't watched it. Brilliant film. The success of the franchise is in the same thing happening each and every time. Turkey's solution. Yeah, yeah, yeah. It's fascinating. Repeatable, reliable. Yeah. Good quality processes. Yeah. They do sell fried chicken now. Or dolls. They've always sold fried chicken, haven't they? Watch the film. Really? Five piece chicken silhouette. No, it's interesting. Do you have a mentor? Like someone to... Yeah, I have a couple of mentors. Have you always had a mentor? No. Yes, I have always had a mentor. My dad, he's a very good mentor. An excellent mentor, if you think. And because he went through 30, 40 years of businesses, lots of different businesses, but mainly retail businesses. And then I think my dad started with drug stores in South London. South London? He started with drug stores and then he went into Coolquip. And I have Tim, who you know. Yeah. Business coach. But then I would say being in my networking group, I have up to 15 contours. Yeah, yeah. I've got... There are loads of different people who I can sound off for different things and I do it all the time. It's so important. Yeah, because you could get quite lonely being like the entrepreneur or the founder of the business. And a lot of people don't like sharing their problems and experiences with others, you find. But being able to do that is it's really awesome. Well, I guess one of my mentors or one of my sounding boards was always Alan. Yeah. My good mate Alan Beth who joined that, who joined me in the business and is now in my business as well. Yeah, yeah. So we're really fortunate that one, we both know each other very well. Yeah. We both know each other's strengths and faults. Which means that we can have a really good row and then carry on for the rest of the day. We'll just go home and carry on the next day. Great. But the fact that we we used to mentor each other when Alan had his own business. Okay. A lot used to phone each other. Yeah, yeah. What's going on this is happening. Yeah, yeah. And actually we have differing opinions quite a lot which means that on most things that need to be done we end up meeting in the middle or we get to the correct solution quite quickly. Perfect. Yeah, that's perfect. And that's been a recent, like the last year or two. I think it's all, I think it's just over three years. It's three years of my talent. Wow. And so if you found it really helpful, obviously, because you were the only guy before, have you found it really useful to delegate some of these responsibilities to someone that you trust and you know well? Has that helped you to then focus on what's important? Yeah, absolutely. And I think at first it was quite difficult but then our business has changed so much. The processors and the systems in place and we've got some really, for what we are, we've got some really big name clients and when you draw up a list of them it's actually quite exciting. Yeah, it's great. It's really nice clients. But we've been able to do that by having systems in place. So one of the first things I did when I was filling machines on my own from my parents' garage and I had 13 bending machines or something and I was running around London and I was like, this is ridiculous. I had no idea what to put, what to take out to put in these machines or even if it's worth going out just because I just didn't know if the machine was empty or not. No, so we re-invested in telemetry which was a little box in the machine, connects to the motherboard of the machine, SIM card in the aerial on antenna and it would audit the machine a certain number of times a day and tell us what we needed for the machine if someone had switched the machine off. Turning up to a machine has been switched off and you don't know it's been switched off. Because the client doesn't make it off. All the client has switched it off or clean has switched it off. But with the telemetry tell you it's off? It's off. Yeah, we'd get a power down report. So I'd phone the site and say, could you switch the machine back on? Awesome. Or we'd go in and we'd fix it or do whatever. And then really early on we'd said the same thing about cashless. So we put, I think it was about five years ago I say we, it was I at the time. I said, all right, I'm a cashless reader on every machine. So we are 100% cashless and have been for five years. Great. Did you find that cash was getting stolen or stuff like that? It's like risky to have cash in your machines overnight. Again, as soon as I employed somebody else to fill the machines, I invested in lockable cash. Was that risky? Yeah, yeah. So we put lockable cash bags on the machine. So once the bag comes off the machine, it locks. Would it destroy the bag to get to the money? Fine. But now you've got with the cards and all the telemetry. I mean, you can really target, I guess, what sells, what doesn't. All works well in different locations. It's like a plethora. You must have loads of data. Amazing. It's an asset. Yeah. Crazy. Awesome. That was really good chat. Thank you very much. I hope it continues to go well. And I look forward to vending machine in our office. That sounds good. I'll send you some prices. I thought we'd get a trial. Send the prices over. Send the prices over. And what are you going to do a switch on this? You're going to get someone to podcast with you or the other way around. Talk about your business. Have you done that? Well, I haven't done that yet. No, but we do the recruitment show. So we've done two so far. So maybe once a month we're going to be doing some advice or talk about recruitment-related topics soft skills, flexible working. Stuff like that. Key trends that are going on in work and in the workforce. Because it's all changing so quickly now. AI, robotics, automation. There's really, really interesting. So yeah, we're going to start doing that a bit more. And then maybe we might switch the mic up and see what happens. But yeah, no, we'll do that. Excellent. Thank you very much. Pleasure. See ya. Hey, folks. Thanks for listening. Don't forget to subscribe in all the usual places.
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My stock market investing story - 20x portfolio!
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My stock market investing story is all about mindset and buying value at the right, or better to say price! It is a great story about how to invest in stocks and I hope it helps stock market beginners to think long term.
I look for stocks that are good businesses, have great assets, will do well no matter what and produce cash. When I find one at a great price, I go big into it.
Want to know more about what I do?
https://sven-carlin-research-platform.teachable.com/p/stock-market-research-platform
Full-time independent stock market analyst and researcher!
STOCK MARKET RESEARCH PLATFORM (analysis, stocks to buy, model portfolio)
I am also a book author:
Modern Value Investing book:
https://amzn.to/2lvfH3t
More at the Sven Carlin blog: https://svencarlin.com
Stock market for modern value investors Facebook Group:
https://www.facebook.com/groups/modernvalueinvesting/
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[
"stocks",
"stock market",
"stock market investing",
"how to become a millionaire with stocks",
"how to invest in stocks",
"how I invest in stocks",
"how to invest in stock for beginners",
"how to invest in the stock market",
"investing story",
"investing",
"money",
"stock market for begginers",
"stock market for dummies"
] | 2018-11-23T21:00:10 | 2024-02-05T08:34:49 | 577 |
y2aCYhGZAR0
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Good day, fellow investors. I want to really tell a personal story about my investing history because it will show you my mindset which, as Buffett says, is crucial when it comes to investing. And I don't know whether I have been fortunate or I have had the right mindset when it comes to investing, but I have done really, really well for myself in the past 15 years. So we'll go through my best investments, how it all started, what is my return that I achieved for myself in the past and what do I expect to do in the future. So let's start by when I started. I started investing in 2003. I remember that my parents had some shares. There was a tender offer. My father and my grandfather sold them. My grandmother was in the hospital. She didn't sell. She came back from the hospital six months later. They sold at the second tender for 100 percent higher price. My 18-year-old mind went, whoa, whoa, whoa. I could have made 100 percent in six months. So what did I do? I started researching stocks. I went to the list of the complete stocks that we had on the creation stock market. It was about 50 stocks and I read some books. Okay, how does Buffett invest? Just buy good stocks, good companies, good businesses with a low price earnings ratio. And I found two such stocks. One was Tesla, not the current Tesla, but Ericsson, Nikola Tesla. It was Ericsson's subsidiary in Croatia that was a global business developing communication technology for mobile systems in countries that Ericsson from Sweden wouldn't go. I don't know, Kazakhstan, Africa, etc. They were extremely profitable and they had a dividend yield of 33 percent. You heard that right, 33 percent. So I invested some money in that company and the other company was a bottling company from Croatia, a very strong brand. I called all the people I knew across the country, also in neighboring countries and asked them what kind of bottled water do you have in your fridge and everybody was confirming I have this, this and this. They were growing about 15 percent per year. The price-to-earnings ratio was six, seven and I put most of my money in that bottling company. So that was 2003, 2006. The bottling company went from 10,000 in two years to about 50,000, 60,000 when I sold everything. So I made six times my money and the Tesla, Ericsson, Nikola Tesla stock went from a 33 percent yield to a 3 percent yield. So also with the dividend I made about 10 times my money there. So I sold everything. I think it was 2006, 2007 and I was completely in cash in 2007 with my portfolio being up about four or five times. So that was one. Then I was a little bit experimenting with part of my portfolio in the U.S. and I sold everything somewhere in 2008 because I wasn't happy. I lost some money. I think it was a 15, 20 percent loss. Then in 2009 I invested in a tobacco company because it was trading below cash, below cash per share and in another shipping company that didn't do so well. So this company mitigated the loss on the shipping company that I sold very quickly. So we have actually I'm still long that shipping company with six shares or something but I don't even take that into account because that was a split or something and I never sold. I never registered those shares. Who knows what's that word now? Nothing. However then in 2010 I found another company that was growing 10, 15 percent. It was a tourist hospitality company. 10, 15 percent growth, no debt, 8 percent dividend yield and price earnings ratio of six and there was a highway that was being built from the center of Europe straight to the sea where this hotel company was. So I bought that I think 70, 80 percent of my portfolio went into this company and another 30, 30 percent, 20 percent went into a company that had a 5 percent dividend yield. Fast forward five years, 2014, 2015. This company continued to grow at 15 percent a year making a lot of cash, paying the dividends and I sold everything in 2015 for the company was four times up. I reinvested a lot of the dividends so let's say that was a five-beggar. The 5 percent dividend stock went up just 50 percent which is not bad. So again from 2010 to 2015 I was up again four, four times let's say on my portfolio which is something very, very good and this is where the bulk of my past returns came. From 2015 my biggest investment in 2015 was real estate on which I expect to cash in in the next six months. So a lot of money, a lot of the focus went on to the real estate investment because it was the best risk reward investment. I could buy a house with no money down. It was a really bad market here in the Netherlands but the cost of renting was 50 or 100 percent above the cost of a mortgage. Not even the not just the interest on the mortgage, the complete mortgage with a 30-year payoff. So I said either house prices are going up to the rent prices or rent prices are going down to the house prices so okay I don't lose anything. Fortunately for me house prices went up to the rent prices as the market turned from a very pessimistic to a very positive market but when the deal closes I'll be happy to make a few videos on that and how I invested in real estate. So without counting the real estate investment up to 2015 my stocks were up 20 times. Since 2015 I invested a little bit. Navson did really good. Amira I still ended up positive on that because I traded a lot on the fluctuations. So I was still up about 15-20 percent over the past few years but I remember my money is mostly in real estate now until I cash in and then I'll go for checking out what will I do with that money. So this is what I wanted to present you because it's really about the mindset and I'm again now I have this have this Eriksson Nikola Tesla and the bottling company the tourist company and the real estate so practically three great times when I invested and that's what I'm waiting again. I'm waiting for great businesses great assets low risk no risk of permanent capital loss great cash flows great dividends and growth. When I find those stocks those criteria again I will again deploy a lot of my money I was 80 90 percent I think 100 percent in stocks in 2010 because that was the best time to do that. 2015 I made a lot of money on stocks real estate was really cheap so I really focused my focus on that and to do that properly. I spent eight months me and my wife looked at more than 100 properties really physically and I would look at 20 30 properties online. I knew every color of every wall in the 50 kilometer square area that I was looking to buy a house. Similar now I'm doing with stocks following carefully what to buy when to buy and when those stocks hit my five criteria then I'll go in big because I know that then I'll get my 15 20 percent 25 40 percent yearly return. At this moment in the market that's very hard to find and that's something you can see on my stock market platform exposure that is really really low. We are waiting for opportunities and I have the feeling those opportunities that I really like will come soon. Let me first sell my real estate so that I can deploy more money to the stock market when the opportunities come. So I wanted to share this because of the mindset that comes sometimes is just better to do nothing or learn about the markets how things see because I see a lot of you chasing those returns chasing those stocks. Oh this stock is going up and down. No it's about finding great businesses at the right time and that's what I do and that's what I'll keep doing and that's why you see my exposure being very little now. So that's something to keep in mind and I urge you to check my stock market research platform because then you will see what's my stock exposure stock market exposure and then you will understand how am I playing this market how am I investing in this market or better to say just looking at the great opportunities looking at the risks reward and then investing when the risk is low and the potential return is high. Thank you for watching. Looking forward to your comments I hope I have given you a good insight into my investment mindset and that it will help you out in time too.
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Syria: Damascus Bomb Kills 14, Army Shells Fall On Rebel Area | FOREIGN
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A blast on an army bus in Damascus has killed 14 people.
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[
"News",
"Politics",
"Nigeria",
"Africa",
"Plus TV Africa",
"Plus TV",
"Plus",
"Plus TV Nigeria",
"Plus Television",
"Plus TV News",
"Justin Akadonye",
"Aneta Felix",
"Osarogie Ogbonmwan",
"Top News",
"news",
"trending",
"channels",
"channels tv",
"channels news",
"arise tv",
"legit news",
"tvc news",
"BBC",
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"buhari",
"osinbajo",
"pidgin",
"news in pidgin",
"bbc pidgin"
] | 2021-10-21T09:17:38 | 2024-02-05T06:26:30 | 89 |
Y2Az11RgHkU
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A blast on an army bus in Damascus has killed 14 people. State media reported that it is the deadliest bomb in the Syrian capital in years, quickly followed by army shelling in rebel-held Idlib. Rescue workers said 12 people were killed. A roadside bomb attack in Syria's capital, Damascus killed over a dozen military personnel on Wednesday. State media reported that a bus carrying the soldiers was crossing a bridge in central Damascus during early morning rush hour when two explosive devices went off. Images of the charred cabin of the bus were shared on Syrian state TV's Telegram account, and rescue workers removing body parts from the scene. A third device was diffused by an army engineering unit. No group has yet claimed the attack, but officials have called it a terrorist blast. There have been several attacks this year on army vehicles in eastern Syria by suspected Islamic state militants who still operate in the sprawling desert area. But blasts in Damascus are rare. That's because forces loyal to President Bashar al-Assad took control of rebel enclaves around the city.
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Farmers Protest News : प्रेस वार्ता कर किसानों ने बताई नई रणनीति | Sarwan Singh Pandher | N18V
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Farmers Protest News : प्रेस वार्ता कर किसानों ने बताई नई रणनीति | Sarwan Singh Pandher | N18V
#farmersnews #khanauriborder #shambhuborder #KisanAndolan #latestnews #news18punjab #farmersprotestnews #farmersprotest
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[
"news18 punjab",
"punjab news",
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"News18",
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"farmers flying kites at protest site",
"farmers flying kites",
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"farmers protest",
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"Tear Gas Shells Dropped From Drone on Farmers",
"Tear Gas Shells Dropped From Drone",
"farmers protest 2024",
"farmers protest latest news",
"drone"
] | 2024-02-15T07:20:00 | 2024-04-23T13:28:14 | 368 |
y2iWZWU1zrA
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यह जो आप लेख रह हैं, यह PULIS नहीं स्तमल करूएं जे रबबत कि कोली नहीं हमारे लोग इसको रबबत कि कोली हैं यह समोग, सेल, एयर, ब्रेस्त हैं यह लगने का बात फत तब औं और चकम का था यह अकेला मिल्तरी ही श्तमल करूएं यह पुलिस कभी नीस्मल यह स्पैरी देटाग, स्पैरी इसलिये है, भी जबल रेकोट चेक च्यक जागा, पी यह किसानो पर भल्पर्यों की आगे तर रेकोट में यह चीजे नहीं आए गे, यह भी ख्पैरी है, यह जबल पुट की है. यह भल्पर्यों भोरा कीसानो पे वो सामने ना आस्किज, और यह भी प्राइबेट पर चीज हैं, कीसानो पे उपर अर्द सायनिक फोर्स अताक कर रही है, नाकी पुलिस अताक कर रही है. पुलिस अर कीसान पुलिस रोक रही है, कीसान आगे ब रही है, यह ए साम सब बÖलती न पर सासा नहीं है。 अपको ये मिलत्री रोत रही है, अरदषाणिक फोर्स रही है, अरकी सान पीश पूली दங्च अप आगजातें. ये जो आप देक्र रहे है, ये पुलिस नहीं moon, ये मिल्त्री अप च्माल करतिया, जो हम आप को दिखा रहे हैं, अर में आपको अप्छीए लेगा दुग होगा जो आज आम नोथ की आपने अपके समक्ष हर अखनी ती इक तो ये है, मैं उसको बाद में तोडा दुँप योंग, एक तो तेर्गास होगते जादा आप तेर्गास की बोल रहे हैं पूट्गुद बरास्ता वो दिकाथा है थिसके बीच पूट-बरास्ता पूट-बरास्ता पूटबाचों तुक्ठो भी बाद पनगा थिस मुल्ट्डी आअगा प्ता शक्यला लैहँगते बल्पर्योग की आगे तो रकोड में ये चीजे नहीं आएगे ये भी एकस्पैरी हैं ये जबल्पुर की हैं तो इस्तरा से सरकार काम कर रही है भी जो बल्पर्योग हो राद किसानो पे वो सामने ना आसकें तुसरी बात ये ये SLR है, जो चलती है अब इसर पक्डे गय तो क्या बोलेंगे भी किसानो ने गुलिच लाई हमारे आदमी जब उधर गय तो वहां से उठाके लाएं वहां ये खोल पडे हुएं बरिकेटों के पास तो ये उदर से चल रही है और ये भी प्राइबिट पर चीज है रही है, लोको भगानागे के लिएरिए है, रही है रही है, पहले तुब आब, तो जो ये निकल गर आरहा, पी짼 किसानो केटिन्टीर। अर्थ सायनिक फोर्स कर लिए, नाकी पोलीस आर्ठात्त। तो किसानो के अप्रट ஓ़ खुलिस खुलिस आपी रही आपी कुछ, तो किसना जाड़ा बॉलप्रेईो किया जाड़ा और तो इसके, बाबजूद अब दिखनी साऑ्द. इसके बाभजुद पूचतर बाभजुद पूरे देशवर में गिरश्टारिया हो रही हैं. पूरे देशवर में जबर हो रहा है, किसानो को गर से नहीं निकलने जारा, इसके बाब जुद हम वार्ता करने जारे है. हमारे दोनो फोर्रमों का, मकसत क्या है, पी हम बाद शीथ से मसलों का, हल करे, जो हमारा मकसत है. तो हम आद चाहें के भी मानेनी है प्रदान मुत्री जी, जो देपूटेशन आरा हा उसे खुद बाद करे. बाद करके किसानो की मांगों का आज हल करे. हम इस मोर्चे का सुखत हल चाहते है. हमारा बेरिकेट तोडना अनक का सवाल नहीं है. हमारा डिली जानान का सवाल नहीं है. हमारा मांगों को मानना सवाल है. यह मन्वाने के मिशन पे हैं. मारी मागे मानी जाए. या तो मागे मान ले शाम को पता जलेगा. या पिस्पुलग हमें पूटेस्त करने का अदिकार दिया जाए. तो सर्कार जो है, अब आगे आप जानते हैं, नेट बनध हैं। सर्कार मनिपृर की तरा हम, हम, हमें कुचलना चाती, जो हम, हम देख रहें आगे। और आगे कोगी आपको भी जाने नहीं दिया जाएगा। ये हमें, मालुम लगरा। आपके समक शरक्तना चाते है, हम कहना चाते है, माननिये प्रदान मंटरी जीसे हम देख के ख्सान और खेट मजोर हैं, हम आरे से ये देश चलता है, हम इस देख का हिस्सा हैं, साथ परसेट हमारी आबादी है, रवादी है, हमें आप दुष्मन ना समथके अपने देशकी नागरस समजिए, और हम से वार्ता करके मस्लों का हल की जिए.
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UCjtmwPW5sB95RSnFJzPKzAQ
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✨CLEAN GIRL✨ day in my life/HOW TO *tiktok & pinterest inspired*
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✨start learning a new language with babbel✨
Get 40% OFF your Babbel App and Live subscriptions!
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love you guys, thank you for watching! xo
🌍my fave night time drink:
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(if you ever want something linked/I forgot to link it, just leave me a comment down below:)
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🤍CHAPTERS
00:00 grwm
1:49 today's sponsor
3:40 getting into "clean girl" aesthetic
9:21 self care products + haul
12:42 shopping + haul
16:58 face mask time
20:29 unwind w/me
🤍FAQ:
how old am I? 2000's babyyyy
What camera do I use? Canon m50 with 11-22mm lense & canon g7x mark ii
What editing software do I use? Final cut pro
Where am I from? Vancouver BC
🤍sub count: 72.7K
| null | 2022-04-23T19:00:28 | 2024-02-05T06:20:15 | 1,405 |
y2rsdfGXUMA
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Clean girl. Free clean girl, I swear they use this. So, best smelling body wash. Okay guys, I'm interrupting today's video. Don't worry, we'll get back into it. But I just wanted to give a big thank you to Babel for sponsoring this video. So I've been honestly wanting to learn Portuguese for such a long time now, because I'm Portuguese. I can finally learn it. All thanks to Babel. So when you sign up for Babel, you can choose a subscription to just the Babel app, which lets you learn at your own pace and includes app-based lessons, games, podcasts, and videos. Or you can choose Babel Live, which gives you everything that you learn in the app plus online classes with amazing language teachers. So the fastest way to learn language is to actually speak it. And Babel Live gives you a safe, helpful environment where you can have real conversations with people while getting feedback from amazing language teachers. So all the teachers are amazing. They're highly qualified educators and they're really good with newbies, like they have a lot of patience. Each class that they have is limited to six students, so you don't need to worry about having an overcrowded class where you can't ask questions and everything like that. So there are classes available at any day, at any time, so you can choose what works best with your schedule. And it's also a lot cheaper and less stressful than actually leaving the house to go to a school to learn because you can do it literally all from online. And they do also have a 20-day money-back guarantee. So I personally prefer to go through Babel Live because it's just the fastest way of learning. And since you get to speak it, it's more interactive. It is a bigger investment, but in my opinion, it's totally worth it. But if you guys don't wanna start with the online courses and verbally speaking, you can always just sign up for the regular Babel and use the app or the website and that's also great as well. So for a limited time, only Babel is offering you guys 40% off to a subscription to Babel Live and the Babel app. So if you guys click the link down below, then you guys can get the discount. So anyways, thank you so much to Babel for sponsoring this video. Hello you guys, and welcome to today's video. So a little montage, which is me transferring myself into a clean girl. So if you don't know what the clean girl trend is, it's basically a trend on Pinterest, I guess, and TikTok. And it's honestly just for fun. Like I'm just doing this for fun. This is not saying that you have to act and look like a clean girl. Like I'm honestly just doing this for fun because when I saw that trend, I'm like, oh my gosh, I love the hairstyle. And I love how just like sleek clean girl look is. So I'm like, why don't I do a video trying it out and being a clean girl for a day. So basically being a clean girl is like having your hair sleeked up. I actually put it in a rosemary water hair mask before putting it up. So that's why my hair kind of looked wet while I was doing my makeup. And then I just added oil. And I did like the Bella Hadid hairstyle. I tried my best. Honestly, it's really hard and I didn't have gel. I was just using like oil. So it's honestly kind of hard and I would recommend doing it on like greasy hair because my hair was greasy as well. But this is how it turned out. And I'm kind of proud. It took me a long time, but it looks really, really, really cute. And it's very like model off duty. So it's basically sleek. You're just like, you smell good. You have a sleek hairstyle. And I'm just going to be doing things today that I would think a clean girl, like that fits within the clean girl aesthetic. And we're going to be a little clean aesthetic girl for the day just for fun. We're trying it out. But anyways, I did a really light makeup look because that fits in like the clean girl aesthetic. So I made sure to keep my makeup dewy added like a lot of dewy highlighter and didn't put much powder to like make it matte. But anyway, so now that the hair and the makeup is done, we're going to get into a cute outfit. And then we're going to go around some errands for the day. Let's do it. Okay, it's time to pick out a outfit. I think I know what I want to do. I'm going to do jeans and a baggy t-shirt with like a cute little shoulder bag because I feel like that is one of the outfits that I just like correlate with this aesthetic. So that's what we're going to do. I just actually did a load of laundry. So we got some fresh clean clothes. I'm going to go with these jeans. I got them so long ago, but they're super baggy. And then I'm going to pair it with this t-shirt. This is actually my sister's, but it's so cute. So sorry, Namson, but we're stealing this. It says bitch on the back and I just love the vibe of this shirt. So it's going to be the fit. Okay, so before we're going, I have to spray a perfume. I honestly don't own a full perfume bottle. I literally just have like a million tiny samples that I got from Sephora. And I've just been using those whenever I want to wear perfume. So that's what we're going to use today. I'm going to see if they have like, at the stores that I go to, I'm going to see if they have like a nice body spray that I can buy because honestly, I just want like a really light body spray that I can just like spray on myself whenever and it's not like as strong as perfume because the perfumes that I have are like pretty strong which I like to use while going out but it's not really like an everyday thing for me. But today, it's a clean girl aesthetic. So we're putting on perfume. Okay, I'm just bringing on this tiny Mark Jacob ones. Honestly, like really nice giving yourself self care days. I feel like everything that I'm doing is kind of self care. Like doing my hair, did my makeup, put on a cute outfit that made me feel good. And a lot of these trends, I feel like just can be like really toxic because it's giving like false expectations of how you're supposed to be. Don't think that like just because people are doing this, like that's what you have to do as well. Dude, if you want to do it, like I'm doing this because I definitely want to do it and it's fun. So make sure that like, if you ever want to like do these trends or a turban like clean girl aesthetic or whatever, you're kind of tailoring it to yourself and what makes you happy. And also don't think that you have to look like that and do those things every single day because like, literally yesterday, I looked like a liberal hobo, like I was disgusting. So, you know what I mean? It's like, it's the balance, okay? It's just balance and don't put false expectations on yourself to do it every single day because that's just not realistic and nobody does it every day. Like as much as you see on TikTok or YouTube where people's perfect lives, like they're not perfect. It's really, it's fake, it's a lie and it doesn't happen every day. So never hold yourself to those unrealistic expectations of social media. Okay, I just got dressed. This is my clean girl aesthetic fit. These jeans are from Sheehan. I literally got them so long ago. This is merch from Lennon Stella that my sister got at a concert and these are just my air forces and this purse is thrifted. So that is my cute little fit. I added some gold rings because in the clean girl aesthetic, you just have to be wearing some sort of cute jewelry. So that is what I put on. I'm honestly feeling really just like fresh to be honest. Like whenever I have my hair especially up like this and I'm just wearing like minimal makeup, it makes me feel really good about myself honestly and it makes me feel a lot more confident in wearing like a shitload of makeup if that makes sense. I just love wearing minimal. Basically like a no makeup makeup look is always my favorite to do. And having my hair up like this when it's greasy is perfect because when I wear my hair down and if it's like greasy, it'll make me really mad. I don't know if that's just me but greasy hair just puts me in a bad mood if I'm wearing it down. So having it up like this just has it out of my face. It has oil in it anyways. So I don't need to worry about it and it's just cute. You know, it doesn't matter. We're gonna go out to do some errands because tonight I wanna do some like face masks. I wanna get some like scrubs because clean girls need to smell good and they need to feel good. So we're gonna go get some self care products. Probably gonna go pick up a Starbucks as well. But yeah. Okay, so I just got to Walmart and I'm just gonna shop for some scrubs, skin scrubs, you know. And then I'm going to go to chapters because it's all kind of in the same area. I'm gonna get a book there and then just look around. I just love chapters, okay? It's just so calming to me and I swear I can shop there for probably like two hours and not even notice the time fly by. And then I'm gonna go to Starbucks and I'm gonna get myself a coffee or like a latte because I haven't had a coffee today and it is already like two o'clock. So I am due for one and I want the energy because this is like when I hit my like midday slump. Let's go. Okay, so I just got back from shopping and I'm gonna give you guys a little bit of a car haul. I had a Starbucks, I already drank it though because it was so freaking good. Anyways, I'm gonna show you guys a little clean girl product haul, okay? First thing that I got is this book by Colleen Hoover is called Your Perfects and basically any book that she writes I will read because she is such a good author so I can't wait to start this tonight. Colleen Hoover is just so good and if you guys are looking for like books to read or you wanna get back into reading, I would highly suggest reading any one of her books because they're super easy reads and they're just so intriguing and entertaining and it's one of those books where you just can't put down. Like never met anybody to this day who has read a Colleen Hoover book and who has not liked it. I bought Joel's sister a Colleen Hoover book for Christmas and ever since then she has been reading her and she loves it so I'm putting you on it right now. And she went like super viral on TikTok as well so yeah, trust me if you guys want a good book or you wanna get into reading, Colleen Hoover, specifically her favorite book that I've read so far it's called It Ends With Us and it's just so good, okay anyways. So I got that and then I also got these two shampoos and these are Renew and Refresh and Rebalance. They're from Pantene, they're the sulfate free ones and I got the Rosemary because as you guys know, I've been trying to incorporate rosemary into like my routine so I've been doing like a rosemary hair mask before washing my hair. That's actually, I have that in right now. It's like a rinse but I thought that I would try the shampoo with rosemary in it so that I'm getting it at every angle that I can and it smells really good and the packaging is just really cute so I was like, why not? Next thing I got is this Got to Be gel so that I can really get that sleek, snatch, clean girl look so I'm gonna be adding this to my hair when I get home. This is like a really popular gel so I decided to pick it up because every clean girl I swear they use this so. And then last but not least I just got this Dove brown sugar and coconut butter scrub because I don't have any body exfoliant at my house so this one smells really good and we're gonna be nice, clean and exfoliated ladies and gentlemen. So now I'm just gonna head home and yeah, I'll see you guys there. I'm so happy it's sunny, it's literally so beautiful. I'm here with Julia and we're about to go shopping because I'm in need of just like, or we're actually both in need of just like basics, little basic t-shirts, basic like long sleeves, like crop shirts and like full length, just basic everything. I did get a couple of t-shirts from H&M like the other day but then two of them didn't fit and like they were see-through so I returned them. So we're on the hunt, we're probably gonna go to like Luzara, we're in like a really big mall right now, we're gonna go to Luzara, H&M, Forever 21's in here and just like scope out some nice basics and I'm just honestly really bored of my shit right now. Like I just like close their walls. Yeah, I just like, I'm so bored of my clothing and it's really hard to like make an outfit and I know that sounds so like, I just like need a little refresh in my wardrobe so. Okay, we're currently at garage. I'm just trying on this orange little top. I really like it but like, I don't know it would be more for like going out but I don't know it just might be like too like small. I mean it is kind of a vibe but I don't know how I feel about it. Don't think I'm gonna do it. We did some damage at H&M here. I got like a few things, mostly like t-shirts and stuff so I'll show you guys when we get home but we're just still shopping around probably gonna be here for about another hour. My hair's holding up pretty nice after putting on like stuff over my head so I'm kind of surprised about that because I did add the gel to it when I got home but it's still looking pretty good and I can't wait to do like the self care and everything once we get home because that's gonna be really fun. We're gonna do a nice face mask, take a shower, use the new shampoos and stuff so excited for that. We're currently in T&A and it's like Oritia. This is like the worst stores of our lives because everything is so expensive and way too tempting. Julia just found these trucker hats and like this would be such a vibe for the summer. There's that one and then there's a black one as well. I kind of like the black one better. Like in general, you know what I mean? I hate this freaking thing, it's so hard to tell I'm sticking out. But it like looks so cute. Like I just feel like trucker hats, are they called trucker hats? Yeah, trucker hats. Trucker hats for the summer is just gonna be like, it's just gonna be the thing I feel like and I just like, I feel like they're all gonna be sold out by the time summer comes around. I've been wanting one for so long that like. I remember you talking about it last summer. You guys, don't you just wish sometimes that you could have like a limited amount of money to go to Oritia and just buy whatever you want because this is me right now. It's like, I need to be smart with my money because we're resulting now. But like, it's just so hard when you come in store and you just fall in love with everything. Okay guys, I am back from the mall with Julia and I just thought that I would lay out the clothing and kind of give you a little haul like this. Cause to be honest, I'm too lazy to try everything on right now. Honestly, cause I wanna get into our self care for the night. So this is gonna be the little haul. So this is from Zara. I just like, am in love with the neckline and this is just really basic. I can wear this with a pair of jeans and a cute bag. And I can just see myself literally wearing this a lot in the summer. So this is definitely gonna be a staple for me. I got this pack of two shirts at H&M which is a plain basic white t-shirt. And then it came in a pack with this one which is like black lining. And I just think that this is so freaking cute. So I got that from H&M. Also everything that I got from H&M has like this green tag on it. So it's a lot more sustainable and made with recycled materials. So it makes me feel better. And I just got this plain gray tank top because I don't have like a gray, just staple plain tank top. I got this hoodie and I just love the coloring on it. And I just been wanting some like new fresh hoodies lately. And then I got this, just like this play gray crew neck. That is like really nice fitting because I do have a gray crew neck but it's like pretty big and it's just oversized which I like, but sometimes I want something more fitted. So I really liked the shade of gray and yeah, it's just really cute. And then I got this shirt. It was on sale for like $3. And I just found it so cute. Like this pair with like a pair of jean shorts in the summer. I just feel like that would be super cute. So yeah, that's a little haul. Everything is from H&M except for this. I just got that from Zara, but yeah, so cute. Okay, I just put on a face mask. I did this one by the brand Blue. It is a Illuminating Seaweed Clay Mask enriched with natural Canadian oceanic clay. This is not sponsored, but I did do sponsorship with them like a while ago and I have a ton of their face masks and I genuinely love them so much and they feel so good and clarifying. So I got that on. My hair is honestly kind of getting messed up like the sleek look. I did add gel in it before, but I feel like I just need to put gel in it from the beginning to make it last all day. So if you guys are planning on doing this hairstyle, make sure you add a little bit of gel if you're gonna be wearing it like all day because it did not hold that well for me. Like it's fine, but like it just like, I guess I was also trying a lot of stuff on too in the mall, so I was putting like things over my head. So that probably made it like kind of go a little crazy, but it definitely looked better at the beginning of the day. But anyways, the gel really helped and the gel was only like $6 for the bottle. So it was really cheap and it's like a literal full bottle of gel, which is nice. So this is the vibe for tonight. I'm so excited. I'm gonna use my new shower scrub and we're gonna get all clean and then we're gonna read in bed. I'm so excited. I actually really like this clean girl aesthetic. Like it's been fun living it for the day. I honestly just really, really like this sleek back hairstyle. I think it's like Bella Hadid's hairstyle. I really like it. I feel like this hairstyle is perfect to wear with like baggy things. Like if you wore it with like a baggy sweatshirt, like a crew neck, a baggy shirt. I just feel like having your hair up in those situations with like cute earrings, it just makes it a look. Like it's just a look. You guys, I bought this Method Citrus Ginger energy boost body wash. And when I tell you, it doesn't just have cute packaging, but it is like genuinely the best smelling body wash I've ever smelt in my life. Like I wasn't going to buy it at first and I smelt it like that is probably my favorite scent in the whole world in terms of like body washes. Like I literally want to bathe in this stuff. It smells so good. I really hope that it doesn't like wash off. When I rinse it off, I hope it like the scent stays because it smells just so good. Like if you ever come across this in a store, please go and smell it. You won't regret it. It's just the best smelling thing ever. I'm not kidding you. I was, when I picked this up in the store and I smelled it, I was like, holy shit, this smells so good except for it smells like ginger, like ew. But no, so good. 10 out of 10 would recommend to go smell it or buy it. I'll let you know how it is, but so excited for that. Can use that in the shower because I haven't even used it yet. It's like brand new. I'm gonna use this moisturizer when I come out and I got this at Walmart last time that I went. It's lavender honey calming body lotion and I really, really like it. Would recommend this as well. Oh, also this mouthwash that I bought the other day. I showed this in a video I think but review on this, it's really good. It makes your breath actually smell good when you wake up. I feel like no one's breath smells good when they wake up, but this definitely helped. So if you have some stinky breath or if you just wanna freshen it up, I would definitely. So just try that too because it actually like works and it actually feels really good. Face mask is already dry so we're gonna hop in the shower and wash my hair finally. It's been sitting in like this oil and shit all day. I'm so excited to wash it and just get all clean. And then we're gonna read in bed. I'm actually so excited for this. Okay, so I just made knock coffee. This is an adaptogen drink. It honestly tastes like kind of like hot chocolate because it has cocoa powder in it, but it's basically a blend of like functional mushrooms and cocoa powder and functional mushrooms have so many benefits like reducing stress, reducing your risk of cancer, just so many amazing benefits and they also can give you energy and everything. So I make sure to incorporate adaptogens into my everyday life just because I know that they're super healthy for you and you guys can do your own research if you want. But this drink is just so yummy and it's like my nighttime tea or drink that I love making myself every single night. It just ends off my night with something healthy but still so delicious. So another 10 would recommend. I will link this in the description. Okay guys, so that was my interpretation on the clean girl aesthetic and I tried to do my best. I mean, I feel like I did live that aesthetic today and am I gonna be living it tomorrow? Probably not just because that's unrealistic to keep up with. Honestly, I feel so good. Like after using that nice body wash, washing my hair, I really did like that shampoo and it smells really good. After using all of that and cleaning like doing that face mask, like I honestly feel so fresh. Like you know that feeling after you just like self pamper yourself and you feel so good. That is how I feel right now and it just feels really good. So anyways, moral of the story is just give yourself some self love and self pamper. I can't wait to finish that book because I'm already intrigued and I'm so excited. But yeah, thank you so much for watching. I never do this but go follow my Instagram because I never really plug it but I'm plugging it right now. So go follow it. It's always in the description box. Yeah, thank you guys so much for watching. I hope you guys enjoyed my interpretation of a little clean girl aesthetic and it was really fun to film. I love you guys so much and I'll see you guys in my next video. All right. My AI just made you. You're just one for getting out. Thank God you're okay. How many more days have you got?
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"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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UCcW7z2pE37Z4I1koTwahBfA
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Correlations, Entanglement and Resources in Quantum Information - Lecture 3
|
Speaker: Martin Plenio
Advanced School and Workshop on Quantum Science and Quantum Technologies | (smr 3145)
2017_09_05_09_00-smr3145
|
[
"ICTP",
"Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics",
"Quantum physics",
"Quantum Gases"
] | 2017-11-30T08:22:06 | 2024-02-05T07:28:14 | 6,096 |
Y2I4Wz4QEkQ
|
I'll give it another minute or so, because people, yeah, I think so, I'll say I'll keep coming. Yeah, yeah, sure, sure, I'll start at the end, people still, yeah, it's only 16 now. It's terrible, I just spoke to the secretary, he has no idea, no clue what's going on, and there are about 115 registered, registered means that they're physically present somehow. So they should have a list going around to see if it's true. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, I think this is really something. I think also most of these guys come from these countries. Yeah, it's annoying. Probably it's better if we start five minutes late now, because we have the entire day. You have an announcement still, don't you? You have an announcement? Good morning everybody. We have a couple of announcements before we start with the daily lectures. First of all, there is going to be the, we're going to shoot a couple of group pictures in front of the main entrance. So it's just on the left here where all the flags are, okay? Not these entrance on the left, the huge one, the bigger one. Okay, so that's about half past two in the afternoon. So it would be good if all of us are there. Second, we are going to circulate a list of the presences, because there is a certain mismatch between the registered participants who are physically present and those who are actually attending the lectures. So we just want to make sure that people who are actually following the lectures get their reward. We will now let, there is a simple sheet you just write in block letters your name and your signature, okay? And while we circulate it, we can start with lecture three by Professor Planny. Thank you very much. Okay, three and four actually. Three and four, right. So welcome everybody. It's even earlier than yesterday, but well, okay? So yesterday I told you about classical information and classical correlation, and I tried to explain to you the concept that these are resources to achieve certain tasks when you are suffering from some constraints by using this idea of trying to make transmitting secret information using public communication only. And I showed you that secret correlations were such a resource that allows you to achieve that. And that really formed kind of the structure that we also will be following now in quantum information, which I have started to follow because I started to speak about quantum information, which was defined as how much can you reduce the required size of a Hilbert space to represent the quantum state of an information source. And the compression ratio gave you the amount of information per physical particle. And then I started to speak about quantum correlations, but I started a little bit differently. I basically set a task this time, namely I had to transmit an unknown quantum state. And I did so under a constraint, namely that I can only ever conduct experiments locally in my laboratory. So let's say my laboratory here and the laboratory of Fabrizio over there. And I was only able to communicate classically between us. And so I could not just send the quantum particle with its information from one place to the other. And that posed a certain challenge and the constraint. And the resource that allowed me to overcome this was a particular quantum state that I wrote down. It was of the form where I can already write it. Again, it was the quantum state of this form that was shared. Okay, that's interesting. So I shouldn't come too close to the board. So that was this kind of quantum state here. And this is actually an entangled quantum state. That means it has quantum correlations. And that might not be very surprising to you because you see it clearly has correlations when I make a measurement on the side of Alice, so party A. I get in the basis zero or one. Then I get either the state zero or the state one. And whatever state Alice finds, Bob will find the same. So they're clearly in the measurement record, they're clearly correlations. And because they're local measurements, the only point, the only place where these correlations can be coming from is the underlying quantum state. So there are some correlations. And now these correlations allow us to do something that we cannot do by classical communication alone. Namely, we can transfer a quantum state from one place to the other. So these are really stronger correlations than merely classical correlations. So they are quantum correlations. Right. I think that's pretty much what we had. Then I showed you the protocol. I explained to you this quantum state teleportation protocol where I used this state as a resource. I put in here an unknown quantum state on Alice's side. And then I did a bit of rewriting and then I performed a measurement, a projective measurement on Alice's side. And then there was some classical communication being exchanged and as a result, end result of that. Bob, the other party, held exactly the quantum state that was provided initially to Alice here. So we achieved the task. And now what I want to do is, so I used some ingredients, namely classical communication and in fact I also showed you that afterwards this entangled state that was shared between Alice and Bob was gone and actually we only had some two particles that were entangled on Alice's side locally but there were no correlations left between Alice and Bob. So these were the outcomes so this was an executive summary of yesterday's lecture. But now I want to ask some simple question and you could also be wondering about actually two questions here. One is, could I have achieved the same with less correlations, whatever that precisely means, and could I have achieved the same with less classical communication? Was it really necessary that I communicate here the outcome of Alice's measurement from Alice to Bob which cost me two bits of information, two classical bits? Do I really need this? Can it maybe be that I need only one bit of information or maybe nothing? Does Alice really have to communicate with Bob? So that's not immediately clear. It could be that if I would have been cleverer I could have written down a different protocol that maybe requires simpler measurements that have fewer outcomes and achieve in the end the same output. And so this is something that we want to explore briefly because it is actually a principle that is very... the principles that will come out of that are rather useful. So it's often in quantum information protocols when you have an element of communication in them and you have local operations and classical communication you can often find out what are the minimal resources that you need by invoking principles such as by local operations and classical communication you cannot create an entangled state you can only create classical correlations but no quantum correlations. And the other thing is that there is no superluminal communication in the world. Okay? And these two principles actually tell us something about the resources that we need to achieve this transfer of an unknown quantum state from Alice to Bob using other quantum resources. So let's briefly illuminate this and as usual I will not go through very formal proofs I just give you a simple example that gives you the idea and then I give you a reference where you can read a little bit more about this where then the more the fully fledged proofs are there so that you can understand this more deeply. Okay. Right. So first question. What is the classical communication that is required successful quantum state rotation? And by that I mean not only the specific protocol that I have explained yesterday but that I mean any protocol that involves local operations and classical communication that achieves the transfer of an unknown quantum state completely randomly chosen from Alice to Bob. So I want to make a statement about any possible protocol of which there are of course infinitely many. So let's see what we can do here and so... Okay, so how does this go? For that I have to tell you something briefly first that was discovered a little bit earlier than the quantum teleportation protocol and namely a concept that is called super dense coding. So that was discovered in 1992 I believe and as I'm making this up now I didn't write down the reference but it was Wiesner I think so Bennett and Wiesner and this was in physical review letters I think it was in 1992 but there's really almost I think there's only one or two papers from these two guys and so you will find that quite easily. And they asked themselves a slightly related question about communication they asked if I send one quantum particle that is a two level system it's just like a spin one half particle how much classical information can I possibly transmit using those particles or this particle? And actually normally you would say well okay what can I do I take this particle I prepare it in the ground state or the excited state so 50-50 probability I send this particle obviously I transmit one bit of information and that should surely be the limit. Well the answer is that's wrong actually you can do more and so how does this go? It's actually very easy it uses entanglement again so we have here again so Alice and we have Bob and now let's assume that by some miracle or someone provided them with this they share initially two particles one on Alice's side and one on Bob's side and they are again correlated in fact I allow myself for them to share again two particles in this form so this in itself carries no information because I say I always provide the same state it's identically the same state so if I would have a machine that does this repeatedly then the ensemble would be described by a pure state and so overall there would be no entropy so no information so no information has been provided here so now in the next step Alice does one of four operations either so Alice would like to send two bits so either she wants to send the message 00 or she wants to send the message 01 or 10 or 11 so whatever something that Bob wants to know something with four possible outcomes and so what does she do so they have this state and now when Alice wants to send 00 she does nothing so that means she applies the identity operator to her particle that means nothing, doing nothing if she wants to send this she actually applies the sigma x operator the polysigma x operator that flips 01 that means actually if she applies this to her particle she ends up or the two of them end up in this state and the nice thing is this one is orthogonal on that one okay next step so Alice wants to send let's say this message she applies sigma z on her particle and then she gets the state 0 0 minus 0a1a yeah that's also a nice local operation Bob didn't have to do anything but this state is orthogonal on this one and this state is orthogonal on that one and then the last thing if she wants to send this message well she first applies sigma z and then she applies sigma x and that means that she will end up with the or the two of them will end up with this state and again this one is orthogonal on that one this one is orthogonal on that one because of the minus sign this one is orthogonal on that one now Alice has basically encoded her message in four orthogonal states that does not help Bob at all because actually to find out to really discriminate all these four states he needs to have access to both particles so therefore what Alice does and this protocol is now she sends the particle so this particle here will be sent to Bob so she sends one physical particle only the one that she's holding now Bob holds both of them and locally he's allowed to do whatever he likes so he makes a projective measurement where the observable that he's measuring has these four states as distinct eigenstates so he makes a measurement he can discriminate perfectly these four states so he can read the information therefore he can discriminate four states he can identify which one it is and so he can actually read out which of the four messages Alice has encoded so he has received four possible outcomes that means two bits of information only one particle was sent so this is called super dense coding because well I mean this is a bit so by using these quantum correlations here we actually this allows us for a single particle to achieve a twice as high communication capacity than a classical system would have a classical system that is not correlated with anything else so that's rather neat I mean it's not a very practical use of entanglement but I mean it's unlikely that this will really be made use of very much in technology but it is a very interesting example that you can actually here use correlations to enhance your information capacity so so that's super dense coding and now let's see what this how I can combine now this super dense coding with teleportation basically I want to show you that if I can I have the ability to implement the teleportation protocol I can use it to transmit two classical bits of information from Alice to Bob and you already see there's almost nothing that I have to say because the essential step here was the transfer of a quantum state from Alice to Bob that's exactly what teleportation does for you so how does it look all together so teleportation and super dense coding so we have now two entangled pairs one is I draw it really like so this is often when you draw diagrams about entanglement you make a wavy line between two level systems that represents particle zero plus one so that's our teleportation resource in the end so this is used for teleportation and then we have another pair of particles that's here our super dense coding resource also prepared in the state zero zero plus one so used for super dense coding SDC right so really and now the first step of our communication protocol is that Alice applies on this particle one of the four operations that she uses for encoding so identity sigma x sigma z or the product of the two and then we use teleportation protocol on these two particles so this is the particle to be teleported using these disentangled resource so what is the outcome of the thing afterwards well so now also exercise yeah go through what I explain you in words now with formulas because that makes you much more comfortable with it that it's actually really true so in the teleportation protocol we make a projective measurement on to one of these four possible states so in the end what we will end up with is some entanglement well some entangled particles that are sitting on Alice's side and another set that is sitting on Bob's side so this is on Alice's side again this is on Bob's side so it's not only the state that has been transferred in the teleportation protocol if you would look at the state of this if you would look at the reduced density matrix of this pair and you would look at it you would see that it's the identity matrix so it's not only that the particle here in the end is in the identity matrix all the correlations that this particle had with the rest of the world are also transferred so this was initially entangled with that one after the protocol this state has been transferred to here and all its correlations as well so in the end you have this correlated particle here and this is something you may just believe because I tell you but you have to compute that yourself yeah so that because it's not completely evident I mean because we are carrying out some measurements and you know it's not such a I mean calculation wise it's relatively trivial but conceptually this is not obvious at all that this should happen but that means now of course that Alice has prepared these two particles in one of the four states here in one of these four states now they are available here and now Bob can locally make a measurement on those identify which one it is and therefore he achieves two bits of information okay fine so teleportation protocol can be used to transmit two bits of information from Alice to Bob why does this imply that we also have to use two bits of information from why do we have to send two bits of information from Alice to Bob during the teleportation protocol so there's still something missing here in the argument so this is just a property that I showed you and now I want to invoke the principle that there's no superluminal communication now in general this is not the argument is a little bit more involved I want to consider a special case let's assume there was a teleportation protocol cleverer than mine that actually does not require Alice to send any information any classical information to Bob assume there is a teleportation quantum state teleportation protocol does not require Alice to send any information classical information right what does it actually imply if Bob does not need to receive any information he knows right away after Alice has carried out her measurement what sort of operations he may have to do to correct the quantum state on his side and he can do this without actually waiting for Alice to tell him her measurement outcome so he can do this instantaneously there's no uncertainty for him he doesn't need any piece of information to decide what to do right so this this means Bob does not need to wait for Alice to tell him about her operations so measurements unitaries whatever she did right fine I mean who knows maybe that's possible but now we combine this with this here because we also know that we can use the teleportation protocol to transmit two bits of information from Alice to Bob so now let's assume this exists and so Alice will set up initially this we have two entangled particles Alice will encode her information here then she does something else and she does this all in one moment very quickly and let's say Bob is a light year away so really far away immediately after Alice did all her operations here because he doesn't need to hear any classical communication from her and the protocol is assumed to work he will have this situation and he can immediately make a projective measurement here and identify which state he has and he obtains arbitrarily quickly the two bits of information that Alice has encoded in this state and that is faster than light communication and that cannot be possible I mean at least if we believe that the relativity is correct so therefore it's surely not possible to make a quantum state teleportation protocol without classical communication from Alice to Bob so that's the simplest case that I can think of to show you that there is clearly a problem now the natural question from you is of course well okay but how about Alice has to send one bit of information then the simple argument here doesn't work so well anymore now now one has to use information theory and error correction methods and so on so one can actually show that any protocol where I need to send two bits of information can be transformed into one that is of this type where you need to send arbitrarily little or actually vanishing information from Alice to Bob now that's more complicated because you need to basically use redundant so you need to use error correction and the basic idea behind the protocols behind the proof then is that well if Bob for example only needs to receive the proof of information well then he can start to actually make a guess so let's say it's really one bit that is required he can make a 50-50 choice and in 50% of the cases he will get it right actually and now if you have a communication channel that actually sort of works in 50% of the cases and gives you the correct result you can actually use what is called redundant coding where you send a message several times and then you know you make a guess every time and then you take the majority vote and then you actually with larger and larger probability you get the correct answer and so this is a method from classical information theory in fact that can be used to really show that any protocol can be transformed onto that and so this is nice because I mean initially you would say well quantum mechanics is not relativistically invariant it's not formulated like that so it's not immediately evident that such arguments should actually work directly but actually they do so here this is a nice example and it can so now instead of having to go through endless mathematical formulas trying to or infinitely often trying to find new protocols that might work better you have one argument and it rules out completely teleportation protocols that need to send less than two bits of information so that's nice and actually so as I said this can be used often such type of arguments when you want to remotely so between different parties implement some information protocol and you wonder how much information needs to be sent it's a good idea to analyze first how much information can be sent with the tasks that you want to achieve and that is actually typically one has to of course look a bit more carefully but typically this is also the minimal amount of information it has to be exchanged to realize this protocol that was a question yeah so correct question I mean this is not immediately obvious and when I say explain this in words that is not approved that's why I suggest I mean so the answer is yes it's exactly the same amount of correlations it's actually one of those four states that are written down there and they are locally, uniterally related to the original states so they have the same amount of correlations but actually it would be good indeed to write this down because actually I think the real question the really critical one is are there any correlations yeah when you do the calculation you will see that they arise there yeah right so now that's one question so that tells you about the classic communication cost oh there's another one wait a second I have to come because I will probably not hear you very well okay wait wait wait we can manage it with one bit of information but in the case of so we have okay so so right correct question so so the question was how can I use let's say redundant coding and repeating this protocol so I mean because once I put the state here taking one state and after the protocol it's gone yeah and so I cannot duplicate it so you always have to remember with these protocols that when I say I repeat it so that means I have a quantum source that can actually repeatedly produce the same state so there's someone that knows how to prepare the state yeah and so in that sense you can actually repeat this if someone will only give you ever one particle then you are completely right there's nothing that we can do but you want to have a situation where I share many of these entangled pairs I have a machine that prepares repeatedly for us several copies of that state and then we run the protocol but you don't need to identify what state they are so this is an important distinction right any more questions okay so now the next thing next question is how much entanglement do we need for quantum state teleportation maybe I mean so maybe do I really need a state of this form where I have sort of 0 0 plus 1 1 with an equal weight in between can I do with something less so for that we first have to kind of accept what is almost it's almost like the second law of thermodynamics that's kind of the second law well that's actually the first law of entanglement theory namely if you have local operations and classical communication you can create a lot of classical correlations but you cannot create quantum correlations so now what do we mean by that actually so by L O C C and starting with a product state product state between Alice and Bob so for example 0 0 0 0 so that's A B A B the most general state is of the form and that's called the separable state separable and this is classically classically correlated possibly so it's called separable I mean you know there's also the notion of separable Hilbert space has nothing to do with that so there's also I mean I just want to point out there is the concept of separable Hilbert space has nothing to do with that has nothing to do with that so I don't remember actually why it precisely was called like that but I mean well a kind of it's separable in the sense that you can always distinguish I mean I don't know it's a name now it's clear that you can make these states because this is a statistical mixture of product states I just make by do something locally and not talk about it at all then I have a product state and if I start from this pure state here and I make my local operations and then I will end up in some other product state simply now it could also be that we talk about what we do so Alice decides that she makes a unitary operation that Sigma X for example and she tells Bob and says Bob why don't you do the same yeah so then they may say Alice may say okay initially the state is this with 50% probability she does nothing and she tells Bob Bob don't do anything either then they end up with this and then with the other 50% probability for example I will apply a Sigma X operation so her particle will be in state one and she tells Bob Bob do the same and so Bob will do the same so now they have two possibilities either this one or that one and now they have to do something very active actually something that is not so trivial is namely they have to forget what they have done you will not have either this or that you will actually have Rho is equal to 0.0 plus so actually more precisely what they have created here is initially a state that may be written like this it's one particle that let's say Alice might hold it's her notebook that remembers whether she decided to do nothing or whether she decided to do Sigma X operation and then correlated with that is this state A B A B so that represents this information because now we can have a look at this notebook and identify which of the states it is so that's really the same as here this looks different to that there's one particle that is gone and then forgetting because what I mean by forgetting is that we remove our information of which of the applied identity or Sigma X so we destroy the notebook so actually to get this so let's call this Sigma then Rho is trace of A1 let's call this A1 here so that's actually how you get then this state here so that's actually I mean and this is not a trivial act erasing information is not something that just happens by itself it actually generates heat in the universe and I think probably Mauro wherever he is he may actually he may actually I don't know whether you will discuss any of this with the Landauer principle and so on okay but I mean so it's basically the fact that erasing information is not for free it generates heat that's called Landauer's principle basically and that's what you will learn about in Mauro's lecture in more detail anyway so this is how you create these these kind of states and well these are the only ones and these are states because they can be created by local operation and classical communication they only contain classical correlations okay now actually question is this state psi minus the project on the psi minus is that actually of this form well so is is this probable a separable state and the answer is well okay and that you can do by for example direct calculation fine so these states are the only ones that you can make this state you can only ones that you can make by local operation classical communication this state is not of this form okay so now I have to think for a moment okay yeah right so now I want to show you that you really do need states of this type so entangled states to actually make quantum state teleportation and again the full proof is a little bit more complicated let's show a simple example right so that's the quantum state teleportation protocol there's a little barrier here this is Alice's world this is Bob's world and typically we come with a state psi and then we do our business and in the end on Bob's side there's a state of psi why don't we do the following on Alice's side we have A1 and A2 actually we prepare two particles we prepare them in one of those states up there 00 plus 11 now we do the teleportation protocol and again I mean it's the same as I used here not only the state is transferred all the correlations that it's carrying is also transferred so therefore when I apply the quantum state teleportation protocol in the end I have a particle A1 here and this one this particle is transferred to Bob's side so now I have one of these entangled pairs crossing the divide between Alice and Bob now imagine this quantum state teleportation protocol would have worked with a state of this form something that I can make classically by local operation and classical communication if that was the case then actually only local operation and classical communication initially starting this state I would have created a distributed entangled state a state that cannot be written of this form and that's a contradiction and again now if you ask yourself well ok if I prepare some state here that is of the form alpha 00 plus beta 11 where alpha and beta are not exactly equal then you have to make a little bit more work but in the end a similar argument holds so this is another principle the principle that local operations and classical communications can only create separable states this allows you in all these distributed protocols it allows you to infer how much entangled resources you need to consume to implement the protocol and so well the first was superluminal communication the second actually really does play the role a very similar role to the second law of thermodynamics so that in thermodynamics well entropy can only increase well here actually well in fact correlations quantum correlations can only decrease when you act locally it cannot increase that's the second law so and there is a certain so there are connections now to two other physical theories relativity and thermodynamics and it turns out and that well quite possibly in the afternoon I will actually make this a little bit more rigorous in the sense that I will show you that thermodynamics can be interpreted as a theory that is really very much like the structure of of entanglement here ok but that will have to wait until the afternoon right ok so this is that then you have to do entanglement purification first which I will explain now and then then you have to invoke the fact that this is reversible and then you can transfer basically the situation to one that is about a maximally entangled state and so on so that's a little bit more work in fact so actually what I should also give you is another reference here so all these things all this story and actually also more what I will be telling you well I didn't give you lecture notes but not all but many of the things that I'm explaining to you are I'm not sure are written in this article which is specifically meant to be an article for non-expert but clever people so like you to explain some of the basic aspects of quantum information theory and so this is all the authors as well so you can find this also on the e-print archive I don't think that everybody has will have access to this particular journal it's not one of the really big ones this is a journal for articles for educated non-experts basically and so a lot of these stories also these arguments about the classical communication requirements and so on this is all explained at length in this article perhaps I could make this also simply available somehow to I don't know if that's possible yeah so maybe I download this and yeah it's probably slightly legal but let's see ok we will figure that out I mean in the worst case I think it's on the archive it's also I forgot the archive number but it's somewhere on the archive quant pH I think I'm not sure I think it's I somehow have a feeling that it's this number but I'm not completely sure but you can find it very easily when you search this yeah ok so that explains many of these basic principles so actually let's see I mean in a way I've ok so now I want to look further into these correlations because somehow I mean I always write down this state 0 0 plus 1 1 and this kind of seems to be a rather useful state yeah seems to have correlations and can be used in all these protocols and it's I'm always using this because in a sense it's the most valuable state that we have so first I would like to convince you that this is the most entangled the most quantum correlated state that there is when you share two spin one half particles so one on the other side and one on Bob's side so this is the most entangled state so the unit of entanglement so to speak so this state is the most entangled state of two shared spin one half so that's a little bit funny how can I say this when I haven't even told you how to quantify correlations I have not told you ok you know this is the amount and there's a formula for that and then I computed on this and then I somehow mathematically show that the formula takes the largest value for this state 0 after the 4 ok yeah that makes sense because they're always encoded in three digits yeah so that's the number anyway I see ok right so why can I say that this is the most entangled state of them all well so I stated this principle with local operations and classical communication you cannot increase correlations or you cannot make them from nothing now what would be a valid argument to say that this is the most entangled state well surely if for example any other entangled state can be made from this one by local operations and classical communication if that's the case then well surely this is the most valuable because everything else can be obtained from it ok again teleportation will show the way so that we have to do almost no calculation actually it's very very simple so again let's take this situation here so we have here the state 0 0 plus 1 1 and here's the divide of the world between Alice and Bob and now again I do the same thing as I did already previously in the argument I prepare on Alice's side two further particles and those are simply written in any I J K L it's just a general density matrix the most general density matrix of two spin one-half particles that you can think of so any state there is now I apply the quantum state teleportation protocol on these two particles and I've told you before any kind of correlations everything is transferred and so the outcome of this will be that we share two particles in the state row and on Alice's side here we will have some quantum state so we've started with this one shared between Alice and Bob we achieved in the end the preparation of an arbitrary quantum state between Alice and Bob so this one is sufficient to generate any other shared quantum state between Alice and Bob and therefore this is the most valuable and it's the most powerful and therefore the most quantum correlated at all because it can also create all possible quantum correlations that there might be and that's the simplest argument to show that this is really the unit of entanglement the most entangled state okay so right yeah okay that's right so in fact you can also show that and I had it noted down but I'm not going through that you can also show that it's not only possible to use an entangled state to make quantum state teleportation actually if you want to make any quantum gate that is distributed between two parties or any quantum operation any quantum algorithm that you want to do you can always implement it by providing some entanglement between the different nodes and then do local operations and classical communications and you will actually be able to implement the quantum algorithm you may have to provide quite a lot of quantum correlations it might not be enough to just have one pair of particles you may have to have two or three or many but it's always possible so and it's always possible to do this from starting from here and again one trivial way of seeing that this must be possible although it's not the most efficient way is we have two nodes and we want to make a quantum operation between them we use one pair of this maximum entangled state to teleport one particle from one node to this node then we allow it locally to do whatever we want and then we use another pair of these maximum entangled particles and teleport the particle back and the end result is that now we have a new transformed state under this quantum operation that we have applied so it must be possible this is a valid path but it's not the most efficient and actually so I don't want to tell you the details but if you look at we are you see this is 62 now I have to go back 7,000 that actually this paper gives a discussion of how many resources you need to produce for example a control node gate or a swap gate and various typical quantum operations to get out your quantum algorithms and actually the protocols that are given there some of them at least are optimal and the arguments that we are using for that are exactly the ones about the classical information exchange and non-increase of entanglement and so on and so basically we give these kind of arguments and at the same time we give a protocol that achieves those minimal resources and therefore it's optimal and so that's described in this work but I don't really want to go into that now because I'm seriously running out of time okay fine but I still haven't shown you how we really quantify entanglement and now this will now start this will again be quite similar to how we treat correlations and so on in classical physics and in particular it will mirror also this development that we that we quantify information by how well we can compress it and the same we can do with entanglement that will give us some measure and some for a particular case, namely for pure states and then we have to start to think what is it that we want to have as properties of valid entanglement measures in situations where we cannot so easily make such a construction that I will show you and that will actually be conditions that then we will also use as reasonable requirements for general resource theories because they will be very similar or the same constraints so now how to quantify entanglement actually well okay that's one way of writing it I like this one quantifying entanglement that was the shortest title of a paper that I ever had two words but it encapsulated exactly what we were on about so this is what we are going to attack now and this started in 96 I think no 95 apparently okay um PRA 53 2046 um that was um I forgotten exactly who were the authors I think Ben Advanced I'm Popescu and Wuttos I think but I'm not entirely sure but I mean this is the reference so you can find it so what I explain to you now or outline to you now is explained in here um but it's also you can read it in this article it's also explained there um because these guys were saying okay so how do we quantify entanglement so how much entanglement is in this state when alpha and beta are not equal to one over square root of two well how much is there well it's kind of clear in some limiting cases when alpha is equal to one and beta is equal to zero there's no entanglement has to be zero but otherwise who knows and then these guys were started to think and then they thought well okay why don't we do the same as we did for information we compress try and compress the entanglement and so how does this work so this is entanglement distillation or concentration in this case and they made an observation that was interesting so that challenge this give me uh a lot of copies and copies of this kind of state so two end particles we allow local operations and we allow classical communication and we want to transform a try and transform this kind of state into something of this form yeah because this we kind of accept this is the best state we can possibly have that's our unit and so we want to see how effectively can we transform this sort of states into these sort of states and by that we mean if we have n copies of that one then we will end up with n times e copies of that state and other particles that are uncorrelated and e this compression ratio will quantify our entanglement that's the idea so how does one do that that's actually quite easy well yeah kind of easy and um so again I will give you as usual I will give you the basic idea and then the nasty little calculations that you have to do on top of that I will just very briefly outline and then you can either do them yourself to have the satisfaction that you're as clever as these people or you look it up in the end yeah so what can we do so for that we make two copies so that means so we have here Alice Bob Alice Bob so what do I mean by this now so let's draw this in in a figure so what I by that I mean we have here A1 A2 B1 B2 we have two identical copies of the state alpha 0 0 plus beta 1 1 and now I would like to write out this quantum state to give you an idea of what we're going to do um let's write this out so this is alpha squared 0 0 on Alice's side 0 0 on Bob's side alpha beta in 0 1 Alice's side 0 1 Bob's side plus 1 0 Alice's side 1 0 Bob's side plus beta squared 1 1 Alice 1 1 that's the same as this so if both of these particles are in state 0 then these ones are also in state 0 ok so that's the first step so I just rewrote this somehow and now Alice is going to do a local operation actually she will make a measurement which is already a bit surprising because typically when you do a local measurement you will destroy correlations between Alice and Bob so Alice measures the observable let's say x 0 0 0 0 plus 2 times 0 1 plus 1 0 1 0 plus 3 times 1 1 1 1 ok I mean it's so it's an interesting observable in a way eigenvalue 1 belongs to the eigenstate 0 0 then eigenstate 3 eigenvalue 3 belongs to eigenstate 1 1 and the eigenvalue 2 is degenerate ok so what this actually means is that I count the number of particles that are in state 1 a little bit bigger font ok again ok so basically so in words this counts the number of particles in state 1 so and well mathematically that's written down like that so ok so let's work out what's happening so let's remove this so there's the outcome 1 and so that means we have to apply the project on the state 0 so that means the state after the measurement is this and that's pretty bad because that is a product state completely uncorrelated so we kind of didn't do the right thing here it seems the same actually if I get the outcome 3 then I end up with 1 1 analysis side 1 1 on both sides so also product state if I get this outcome the outcome 2 then I end up with the state 0 1 0 1 plus 1 0 1 0 and well ok divided by square root of 2 for a change I put to normalization and that kind of looks already like an entangled state it's not I mean it is an entangled state but we would like to really massage it a bit more and bring it really into a form like that and for that Alice and Bob actually locally on their side make a specific unitary transformation and the unitary that they are doing so it's ua tensor u well u tensor u and the unitary is such that it has an action on the state 0 0 action on state 0 1 1 0 and 1 1 and let's see what I would like to have here is something like this something like that and now I've used up some stuff so let's say 0 1 so these are also normal there's a unitary transformation that does that yeah so if I apply this then actually oh fuck this was wrong don't write it let me just I think this was okay and this was like that I think don't write anything because I might mess this up again yeah so 0 1 and 1 1 so for sure this is a unitary transformation so let's apply this now to see what I got this right so I apply this so then I find 0 0 0 0 plus yeah 1 0 okay that's correct so you can note this down that's fine and now I write this again so well now I have to carry so you see how annoying it is to carry a normalization so this is 0 0 Alice 1 Bob 1 0 okay before I say it in words so now what you see here is this particle here and this particle here so the second particle that Alice has and the second particle that Bob has is always in state 0 so actually what we have here is 0 0 between first particle of Alice and first particle of Bob plus 1 1 of the first particle of Alice and Bob and then 0 0 of the second particle so now this is really one pair of particles spin one half particles for example that are in our wonderful unit of entanglement and the other pair is in a product state okay so now you have seen of course sometimes this works great so we actually get something that is now a perfectly entangled state and we start it from something that was kind of with unequal weights alpha and beta and sometimes actually unfortunately we lose we kill our entanglement now you have to sort of start to say well okay what's the probability for these different outcomes and then you can say well what's the average amount of perfect entanglement that I obtain and here it is actually the probability to get this is 2 times alpha squared times beta squared it's a probability to get this and so therefore you can say the original two particles contained at least this amount of entanglement because it's a probability of getting a perfectly entangled state and let's say we give this the unit one is this optimal well surely not because I acted only on two parties so now basically what we are doing here is very similar to quantum data compression now if we have alpha 0 0 plus beta 1 1 n copies we can write this out and then this will be alpha to the power of n where we have a state where all the particles are in state 0 multiplied with all particles in state 0 so this is on Alice's side both side again and then we have alpha to the power of n minus 1 times beta and then we have 1 0 0 1 0 0 plus well the next possibility and so on so all the possibilities of placing a single particle in state 1 distributing this amongst the particles so there are n choose 1 of those states well so then in general we will have alpha n to the minus k beta to the power of k and then well we have k of those and then n minus k of those thus all the permutations of which there are n choose k but the nice observation here is they all have the same weight and now you can imagine probably I can make a trick like here making a local unitary transformation reordering things so that I get a certain number of pairs that are exactly in this maximally entangled state and a lot of others that are actually simply in a product state 0 0 so that's the idea and try and write this out that's a little bit painful actually but it can be done and then the question is well okay how many of these pairs of maximally entangled states will I get? well that's actually quite easy how many how many terms are in this here so it's n choose k if I now make this unitary transformation that does not change the number of superposition terms if I would be able to transform this in simply one of those and the rest are product states that would be two superposition terms if I have two copies then it's four if I have three copies it's eight so the number of maximally entangled pairs that I get is the logarithm of n choose k right so now how much is it on average that we have to kind of average this well which of these outcomes has the highest probability well actually now you impose the law of large numbers and you realize that the typical term that you are getting is one where k is n times eta squared that's kind of the probability that you find a one and then well you have here binomial law and so on and then you can go through the details and you see that this is the best so and by the law of large numbers the larger n will become the more certain you will be that you pretty much get this and so therefore this is logarithm of n over n beta squared and that is n times well the Shannon entropy of alpha squared and beta squared or equivalently it's n times the von Neumann entropy of the reduced density matrix of one of these states okay so that was quick it's detailed over there in that paper but that's the principle idea and now this is in full analogy to this dense code not dense coding the quantum data compression this is the compression ratio therefore we say that each of these particles contains an amount of quantum correlations or entanglement that is s times entropy of the reduced density matrix of one of the particles that's one half so that's already a good suggestion that this is the right formula but actually I'm not quite finished because what we really would like is that also the reverse process gives the same efficiency because if it does not then you know we would have very valuable and valid quantifiers of entanglement so what is the reverse process the reverse process is we start with some perfectly entangled states namely this many and by some local operation class communication we want to create n partially entangled states of this form so we really want to reverse this process is this possible yes it is and the knight is writing to that is writing to our defense quantum state teleportation mixed with a bit of quantum data compression so what do we do so we have our so these are n times n times s of row a where row a is the reduced density matrix of one of those and that's what we have and of course here is usual Ls and Bob and now let's try and turn this into that and to this end we start out actually with state alpha 00 plus beta 11 so we have lots of them but obviously we have too many we cannot just take this one use that maximum entangled state and make teleportation because then we can only transfer n n times s of those here and the rest will stay where they are so we have not achieved our task so we have to be a little bit more efficient on this side so why don't we do a very simple trick that we just used take these and if it's a very large number of them we actually make kind of the first step of this procedure namely on Alice's side we look at the particles we make a measurement we look how many ones and zeros there are and in that way we can compress the information on this half of the particles into a smaller number so in the end it will actually look like this so all these particles here there will be somehow so all the particles here will now be entangled with just the first few and I know that I can bring this down to n times s of rhoa because of this procedure and these ones here will be disentangled so there will be a lot of particles down here that are just in the product state and now I take these few I teleport them with these maximum entangled states so I bring this to the other side and I don't really want to draw this now because it will be a mess but once I'm on this side here I undo exactly this process I just undo this unitary transformation now that actually is the reverse process now that it's really asymptotically you really have to go through calculation now this is because in every step from here to here for every finite n you lose a little bit and you have to show that this little bit per particle goes to zero and that's you lose the law of large numbers and an explicit construction to show this but the outcome of all of this is indeed that well you have the process of concentration that has this efficiency you have the process of dilution which has the same efficiency so you can go forward and backward as often as you like so it's a reversible process and because they have the same efficiency really this justifies why we really like to call the von Neumann entropy of the reduced density matrix of a quantum of a two particle system as the entanglement content now this is only true when the state is pure when the state quantum state is mixed the von Neumann entropy is not a good quantifier of entanglement because in fact neither this procedure nor that procedure will have this efficiency actually the efficiency is lower okay so that's that's why we like to say the von Neumann entropy is a good entanglement measure for pure states I've forgotten what I want to say now right now you can ask yourself maybe so now I try and make use of kind of thermodynamic arguments again you know maybe one of these procedures can be even more efficient maybe I was just stupid maybe I could have provided some much cleverer scheme here or more elaborate stuff on Alice and Bob's sides more complicated operations and I could have had a little bit higher efficiency why not and that's actually not so straightforward to show because you again have to study all possible protocols of which there are many and you have to show that none of them is performing better so that's not very efficient so let's invoke the law of entanglement theory namely that you cannot increase entanglement by local operation of classical communication so we have here on the left-hand side you can view this as a process okay let's draw it like this let's assume that this dilution process really has this efficiency as of row A and let's assume that the concentration process is a little bit better so we can go actually from N to N times S of row A plus epsilon of maximally entangled pairs let's assume that so now I can make the following I start out with this and I use it to produce this many maximally entangled pairs so then I say okay I have S of row A plus N times epsilon these ones I use with a reverse protocol to go back to the original situation to my original N particles and this one I put in a safe deposit box in the bank or in an experimental physics laboratory and then I repeat this process and every time I repeat this I have left over N times epsilon maximally entangled pairs in addition that means I can run this cyclically as many times as I like and I will create more and more entanglement but all the operations that I've used are local operations and classical communications so but these cannot create quantum entanglement so therefore this cannot be more efficient this is a contradiction to our fundamental law and in fact you can really look at this in terms of engines where you say well I have a machine that does some useful work it takes these partially entangled states massages them works on them brings out these concentrated form like a distillery or alcohol or something like that what comes out on the side is actually classical information because we are making a measurement here it's a classical information record that is produced in addition on the side so it looks a little bit like this so here we start with N particles here we have N of SROA particles and here what comes out is information so information and the other process over there so this flows from in this direction looks actually pretty much the same but it flows in the opposite direction so it's S of N SROA then we start with maximum entangled pairs we push them up here we have N partially entangled pairs and again also in the teleportation we actually have to do some measurements and so on and there will be a measurement record and that's also again information that comes out and if you want to operate this cyclically actually then we have information coming out here information coming out here to make it truly cyclical we have to erase this information and it actually generates a little bit of heat so this is again this is kind of a slightly more thermodynamic picture of these processes and because one goes down in this way one goes up in this way we can combine them the net effect must be a decrease in entanglement and an increase in heat in the environment okay but they cannot increase the amount of entanglement here right seven minutes right that's correct right okay so now perfect okay that was for pure states and here we understand everything in a way what is the situation for mixed states and so now for mixed states entanglement this process is entanglement distillation and it has a certain efficiency which will quantify our entanglement and this efficiency we call the distillable entanglement this is a process of dilution which also has an having efficiency and that's called the entanglement cost so how much maximal entanglement pairs do we need to create an arbitrary distributed entangled state and now what one finds is the distillable entanglement ed of rho is typically well strictly smaller than the entanglement cost that means if we do this process and then afterwards we use what we get the concentrated entanglement and try and dilute it again we will not get back the original amount of entanglement that we put in but we get actually less and not only a little bit less that vanishes in the limit that might vanish in the limit of large n it is actually for each copy that we put in we lose a finite amount of entanglement so it's really we start with n and afterwards let's say we end up with half n of particles minus square root of n also which would be kind of tolerable so it's really a finite big difference so now in mixed state entanglement we really have a problem this is a perfectly operationally defined nice entanglement quantifier this the entanglement cost is also a perfectly well defined entanglement quantifier so we have two and actually I will show you in the afternoon there are many and they are all different in fact you can say something like the following roughly speaking although it has to have some additional qualifiers if you find another entanglement measure so let's say let's call it for reasons that will become clear in the afternoon e sub r of rho let's say it's really different to these two but let's assume that on pure states all the three of them agree and there is at least one such example and now you can say and now I tell you well actually on pure states they agree but in general they are different and so you may say yeah well who cares perhaps they impose the same order on the set of entangled states so by that I mean maybe they have something like if so if er rho1 is bigger than er rho2 so two possible entangled states and we compare them and see under this measure this one is bigger than that one maybe that's equivalent to distillable entanglement and also being bigger than rho2 or maybe the same statement here if that was the case then we would really not worry very much about these entanglement measures not being the same yeah because I mean they make the same order we can clearly say this state is more entangled than this one under all measures question is this true well the answer is no if this was true then this measure is identical to this one if however they are different then there's always a pair of states for which one entanglement measure says rho1 is more entangled than rho2 and another measure of entanglement says exactly the opposite and so now this is a little bit of a worrying situation if you think about I mean you would feel initially so now it really very much depends on which measure you take when you want to decide which state is more valuable than another okay so this is the proof of this is very easy I think it's here I think in 2000 so that's myself and and my student at that time now but maybe this is actually not so surprising because this procedure and that procedure are really quite different they are operationally describing a completely different setting one is concentration one is dilution maybe these other measures also maybe they correspond to some completely different operational procedure why would we actually expect that each entangled state is equally useful for any possible procedure that's not at all obvious and that's exactly what this expresses the value of entanglement now depends very much on what you want to do with it at least for mixed states for some tasks it's better to have this sort of entanglement for other tasks it's better to have that sort and by that sort I mean represented in this quantum state or that quantum state but that now poses a problem nevertheless because now you can say well there are what about two measures maybe there's a third one actually there are many more which mathematical quantities are decent measures of entanglement and which ones are not and to decide that next in the afternoon I'll write down some conditions that are sensible and then I will say anything that satisfies those conditions is a valuable entanglement measure and when I've done that then I'm kind of not really finished with entanglement theory but I've said enough about entanglement theory and then I want to use exactly those conditions and the principles that you have learned in the last few lectures here to actually speak more generally about resources and how we quantify those because it will follow almost exactly what I've shown you here except that I stopped talking about entanglement I just say a resource and I will stop talking about local operations and classical communication I will say the operations that are available to you and I will stop speaking about separate laboratories and distances and the inability to transfer particles I will just say a certain set of operations that is not allowed for us and this can be formulated abstractly like that and we can write down these conditions and then I can show you as the final thing that under this framework a lot of things fit so for example quantum coherence is actually a resource for a certain task and it can be quantified following these approaches non-classicality can actually be considered a resource and can be quantified in these manners thermodynamics can actually be formulated as a resource theory generally any setting in the world where you have a constraint where certain things are not possible for you can be translated into a resource theory setting and the nice thing about this is that of course these resource theories share some similar the same mathematical structure so if your proofs are sufficiently general and they really only make use of the fundamental aspects of resource theory they apply in all the theories and that's kind of neat so it's an overarching structure that allows you to make statements about all physical theories that arise from constraints and resources and that's kind of nice because it really encompasses pretty much everything that we use and it's a different way of looking at quantum physics because before we were looking at correlations and so on as a strange phenomena but now we really talk about all physical properties as are they useful for something how valuable are they and how can we quantify this how can we transform these resources and what can be achieved there and actually as I said this encompasses many physical theories okay so with that I close and so the announced tentatively announced lecture will have to take place because obviously I have not managed to do this yet thanks
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Reconnecting Tonga: Lessons in the aftermath
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In response to the devastating volcanic eruption that severed undersea cables, ITU Regional Director Atsuko Okuda explains how ITU is actively supporting Tonga’s government with emergency communications capabilities, including facilitating satellite connectivity.
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"ITU",
"UN",
"International Telecommunication Union",
"United Nations",
"ICT",
"ICTs",
"Telecommunication",
"Tonga",
"Tonga Volcano",
"Atsuko Okuda",
"Emergency Telecommunications",
"Disaster Response",
"Emergency Response",
"Disaster Preparedness",
"Relief Efforts",
"ICT4SDG",
"Emergency Management",
"Satellite Equipment",
"Natural Hazards",
"Technology in Emergency Response",
"Emergency Tech"
] | 2022-04-05T13:58:11 | 2024-02-05T16:19:56 | 138 |
Y2PEdR6r2Cs
|
It was almost impossible for the first week or so to have a stable, reliable communication with the government. So we didn't know for some time how many casualties the tsunami caused. There were many lessons learned from Tonga as well as other countries because Asian Pacific suffers disproportionately from natural disasters. I believe that the emergency telecommunication plan will be essential so that when something happens we all know what to do. Perhaps it's even better if we conduct a drill to test if this plan actually works. I hope that we will be able to support member countries to establish and to strengthen infrastructure from a resilience point of view. This is something that Asian Pacific in particular should emphasize moving forward to have resilient and inclusive digital transformation.
|
{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2PEdR6r2Cs",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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|
UCqLR2NQK4a7P6dwsn02srng
|
Sut dylai cynghorwyr ymddwyn ac ymwneud â phobl
|
Gwybodaeth i gynghorwyr am y Fframwaith Safonau Moesegol yng Nghymru a chod ymddygiad awdurdodau lleol.
| null | 2023-06-26T15:16:22 | 2024-04-23T01:04:58 | 265 |
Y2ve53Y71Mg
|
Mae e'n gwahanol brofiadau a chymdiroedd yn hiwio ein barn am y byd a hyn sy'n bwysig i ni. Mae'r gwahan i eithau yma'n gwneud ein byd a chymru yn lle bywio'ch achyfroes. Fel cynrychiolwyr ei cymuned, mae pop cynghorwyd yn cynnig safbwynt i ni grws i ni helpu i weithio'n galad i wasanaethu ei cymunedau a gwechia bwyd ar bobl sy'n byw yn dyn nhw. Waith beth ffo'i cymdur na'u barn, mae'n rhaid i gynghorwyr barchi egiliad a gwrando ar ei gydweithwyr gyda'u meddwl ac o'r red. Mae'r ffordd mae cynghorwyr yn gweithio gyda'u giliad ar cyhoedd yn rhan allweddol o'r gwaith o gynnol ymddiriaeth y cyhoedd. Fel bod môd i gynghorwyr efo'r online o'r gwaith bwysig o gyflawni newid cadarnhaol o'r gyfer y cymunedau mae'n unig wasanaethu. Bydd rhaid mynd i'r afael ac unrhyw ymddygedd sy'n peryglir ymddiriaeth honno. Cyn dechrau ar ei swydd, mae'n rhaid i bob cynghorwyr gytyn nhw'n ysgrif yn edig i'r framwaith safonau mwysegol a'r cod ymddygedd sy'n seiliedig ar regwyddorion nôl yn. An hyn yn ôl deb? Gonestrwydd? Bod yn y gored? A tebolwyrwydd? Arweinyddiaeth? Gwrthrychedd? Union deb. Drwy'r lofnod i'r cod ymddygedd yma, cynghorwyr yn cytuno i ymddygu'n yn un nôl ar regwyddorion yma, sy'n rhiol i sydd ddolai pawb mewn bwyd cyhoeddus ymddygu'n agweithredu. Dim ond os yw'r cyhoedd yn ymddiriad yn ddyn nhw, gallu cynghorwyr wneud ei gwaith. Gall un rhiw ymddygedd sy'n tan seilio ei hyder ac sy'n mynd yn groes i regwyddorion arwain at ganloniadau difrifol. Mae anged sy'n ond rhan o fod wedi bob dydd ac mae datlau iach yn bwysig er mwyn i gynghorwyr gydweithio a gwneud penderfyniadau gorau. Ond mae cam drin, bullio ac avlwnyddu bob amsarn annerbyn niol. Mae gan eich gydweithwyr brofiad i'n ymgrif o feisydd nad ydych o bosib wedi ei hystyried, gallu gwrando arnyn nhw arweinats a tebywnt i eich anny'r box sy'n helpu pawb. Yn yr un modd, mae yn nysu ac amharchu gwaith annythau gydweithwyr yn mynd yn groes i fydd gorau'r cyhoedd, ac yn creu diwylliant sy'n ychos i straen ac yn ni wediol i'ch cyfoedion. Fel cynghorwyr ddweud, mae gan y cyhoedd iddordeb yn y ffordd rydwch chi'n ymwrddwein yn eich dylewydau swydd o goll ac bwyd personol. Mae'r cyfrwngau cymdeithasol yn glwg i bod newyddion am ychosion yn gechi cyrraedd yn iawer pechach na cyfwriadwyd. Gan arwein at fwy fydd o graffu. Fel ffigur cyhoeddus, mae eich ymddygiad yn gechi efeithio ar farn y cyhoedd amdano chi ac i'w dgynghorwyr. Mae modd i'r cynghordd efnyddio gweithdreddnau datrusiad heiol i ystyried unrhyw gwynion gan gynghorydd am ymddygiad cynghorydd arall. Os nad oes modd delio ar gwyn yn y ffordd yma, gallu cynghorydd gwyno wrth ombudzmyn gwasanaethau cyhoeddus cymry. Yr ombudzmyn sy'n delio ar gwynion a ghaiff ei gwneud gan y cyhoedd. Os bydd yn penderfynu bod angan am chwyliad, bydd yr rhaig wybod i'r achwynydd a'r elod y gwnaid gwyn amdano. Os ddaw'r ombudzmyn i'r casgliad y gallu'r codd ymddygiad ffordd wedi ei ddori, yna yn dibynnu ar natyr y gwyn, gallu'r achos gael i gyfeirio at bwych gorsaf o'r cynghor syr perthnasol, neu drai byw'n lle sani bynol o'r enw panel dyfarnu cymry. Si'n ddargrim i gospir cynghorydd a'ch ambrywio o gerydd i waharth, neu ddiaddel rag bod yn cynghorydd am gyfnod o hyd at bymlynedd. Mae gofyn i chi roi gwybod i swyddog monitor cynghor am unrhyw ymddygiad gan gynghorydd a rhaig sy'n torri'r codd ymddygiad yn eich barndras ymolchi. Mae cymorth a fforddiant ar gael i helpu cynghorwyr i ddiach meisydd lle mae angan i ddynnu fod yn sensitif i ddiwylliannau eraill a sut i ddeliw a bulio ac aflwnyddu. Mae cydnabod a dathlu o'n gohaniaethau yn hanfod dwyliannog ystod ei ango'n geiswyr mewn etholiadau sy'n adliwyr chi poblogaeth ambrywio'l a dynamig cymry.
|
{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2ve53Y71Mg",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}
|
UCJ9v1a6TH9iN1Gl5TqEvzRw
|
SECOND HALF OF 2023 Bowman Draft Baseball Jumbo 8 Box Case Break #19 PICK YOUR TEAM
|
Live Group Breaks and Case Breaks!
Check us out at http://www.laytonsportscards.com
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Multistreaming with https://restream.io/
|
[
"sportscards",
"sports",
"cards",
"baseball",
"autographs",
"auto",
"box",
"break",
"boxbreak",
"casebreak",
"case",
"laytonsportscards",
"cut auto",
"one of one",
"1 of 1",
"panini",
"football",
"basketball",
"case break",
"box break",
"sports collectibles",
"live group break",
"live case break",
"live box break",
"sick hit",
"patch card",
"jerseys",
"memorabilia",
"football cards",
"basketball cards",
"hockey cards",
"baseball cards",
"topps",
"panini football",
"panini basketball",
"leaf trading cards",
"logoman",
"group break",
"upper deck",
"Hockey"
] | 2023-12-17T01:58:23 | 2024-04-23T23:29:26 | 1,303 |
Y2B7wuPA8XI
|
Going on everyone Sam here again. We are back with the 2023 Bowman draft baseball jumbo eight box case number 19 picker team style I already uploaded the first half We got power surge and power went out for like a second and obviously everything got knocked out and you know We lost internet and we lost everything else. We had to reboot everything. So We're just gonna continue on this one now I did take a picture of everything of the entire setup nothing's moved everything's left everything as is So we'll just continue on here. So again, I apologize on that definitely apologize on how it's annoying when that happens Thank you guys for sticking with us. Thanks for chilling and sticking with us for the time being gravy and zander move Down to 11. Thank you. Kenneth and Anthony both took spots in the 21 mixer. So thank you guys Gold mini diamonds Paul schemes on the draft glass auto 11 of 50 congrats on that one their pirates Second schemes. Yeah, the break very nice. There you go Pittsburgh Jason Woodward and Jack Mahoney. I'm Ash, too. Yeah Hell, yeah That is Nizanzanatello El Halloran and Cade Morris Serge brought a good look. Yeah, Serge brought a good look. That is a Samu Munoz the 125. Yeah, it does Yeah, it really does Jess. Have a cool and Jake Conningham. It really does good brutal We lost the TV we did I didn't even notice say a little bazaar with a 499 Jayce young But don't eat. Yeah, it's up. Exquisite. Was it what up? You know it dumb and dumber here First base auto Adrian Santana And Kemp Alderman first favorite part of that scene is when they had to cut away because he started laughing. Yeah. Oh, yeah Jeff Daniels, yeah True green Braden Taylor to you 99 That's what I'm saying who gets worse wins after hurricane season pray Taylor. What's what what is going on here, Florida? What are we doing lunar glow first Brandon winnaker? And Max Clark first refractor true bleh True bleh of Colt Emerson nice one there dude So he's bringing the look absolutely congrats Mariners nice one for Seattle Carlson Reed and Connor Burns All right 11 to go on our Panini one mixer everybody and two to go On the one mixer We are well over halfway on that one now. What's the third of the way there? Which is awesome. So appreciate that. Thanks again everybody for coming back After Philly son did this Philly that place inside Yamamoto. Did they? What this guy's capping stop this guy's capping right stop right now Capper cap guys such a cap cap Yeah, yeah, ha ha ha good one. Go home. Good one. You're lucky. It's not here. You'll be gone You would be gone and why at Langford first refractor mine Blame Jake for the crash. I kind of do to to be honest. I kind of do. I'm the easy one to blame. Yeah Easy target Landon Marauder's on the black to 75 Just got so scared Cole shown wetter and Maliona Well, Donnie do Donnie would have probably been the one shooing through like the wires He would have been the reason he would have been shooing through the wires He would have tried to top load the router that is a Tommy how and face Brevoia rock rodent and not face, but It's cuz he is one phone. I just want to go there Why not Albert Odrios makes them want to go to New York more the Yankees culture winning culture Spencer Nivens Very little winning culture since oh nine, but would you say? That is Jack Mahoney to one time. It's up clubhouse. Hey Dylan case dad Chris Clark and Trey Morgan Trey the wreck Trey the Ray should be he would love New York Like he took him before us he bums that is a Bryce Eldridge for the Giants Probably took him to pick before us Grats on that he got this base on it. Yeah, exactly This will prevent it Jackson Merrill and Hunter howl burning plastic You just smell burning plastic. It's like smoke alarm starts going off. Yeah, jayce young before 99 shows up The Donnie top load the router again Sam Zavala on the sparkle Donnie Jaden ham Jack Purple Paul Wilson to 250 tenon brawl first refractor true green Jackson holiday at 99 this one there for the O's Abner here a Wyatt Ties Donnie's trying to install a new firewall. It's the smell of burning plastic It just lights it on fire match on Kevin Kross new Kishel drew Hackenberg to 125 Hey, what's up, uh? SG Pero, do you know and Jacob Gonzalez up dude? It's the super fracter Was it was just a surge Jeremiah. It was like literally it was off and on Yeah, it was it was weird It's very weird the classic power surge Freakin power surge. Yep, so goddamn annoying classic APK power surge. Oh, yeah All right on the next Jake shorts. Okay, I think so Being scared Andrew Walters and Christopher Thorin Sans Sans pants are probably the same way probably Is that Jackson bowmeister 299 green grass? I sell drinks Ernie G Valdez This is jumbo. So three. This is three per box on this one. She three per That is a Nelson Rada Lunar Glow and Jennifer may he had Dylan head and come on Diaz Green paper first Philip Abner Nice one there for the Dbex First bait or a refractor auto is going to be Max Anderson to 499 for the Tigers Wyatt Langford Kevin Sim and Dionne Jorge Good ol regular jumbo a Connor Burns base first of Soto and Hans Montero First base auto Jew Hakenberg. That's on that Atlanta Wilson, Hearthstone, Waldrop, Luis Guanipa. I called Caraco Roman Anthony first base auto of Justin Reimer That's on that red socks got mood ring. That is Matt Shaw smell of burning plastic is kind of using chat gpd I was good questions overwhelmed it Foster and Jacob Barry pretty probably Beep beep beep beep beep beep beep Cannot receive messages from other bots Alfredo Duno to 150 nice one there Reds Mac Horvath and how you leave. That's really why I can't receive messages from other AI Make sense checks out for sure Jacob Cravey sky blue paper to 499 the O's Gotta solve the glass of Blake Mitchell First Blake Mitchell refractor and first Emmett Olson. There's a sparkle auto. I see potentially here I think it is not it is a Jesus bias Nice one there congrats to the Mets Holiday Alberto Rios and Hey, I is definitely not advanced the Donnie's level of question asking that is Extremely valid illegal my hoodie or shirt exquisite. Do you ask for one? There's Bryce Eldridge Did you purchase one tie fluid? Fracture It not didn't get sent Yellow Lunar Crater Tommy Troy to 75 and Enrique Bradfield junior first refractors. That is a vicaro to 499 for the Nets Hey, Maya and Rhett louder first refractors first base auto Jace Barofin for the Blue Jays Copa and Tai Pete First refractor that is a Jacob Wilson to 199 future Lunar Crater the odd one There's Francisco check early to refractor first a Cole young Lunar Glow Los romances Cheerio and saving so bios Nice Mac Horvath to 71 congrats on that one Orioles. That might be one worth checking Congrats on that one Baltimore when you get the names wood Justin Crawford and Justin runner Purple Colt Emerson to 250 Andrew Lindsay. I Like okay, it's all good. Yeah Now actually I would make that Actually ha ha got him kidding got him Sparkle of Davison Gutierrez Cooper angle First refractor. Hey, J. Bashir's and Andrew Pinkney Really really worked there Show me true gold Jacob Gonzalez. Let's go man For the White Sox to 50 That's an awesome card man true gold. I think that's on the on the card It's like a little dust pack. I have Jake just wiped that real quick tomorrow and Brandon Came off perfect came right off. It did no TV No TV No TV hit it news channel Weather channel Mood ring is Blake Mitchell That is a Blake Mitchell to 499 on the aqua or sky blue paper, I should say Purple Brock Rodin's 250 mirrors Bowman and Landon Marauders. That is a Jacob Gonzales Hey Denton Rock, Regio True blue Jacob Gonzales. Nice one there. Congrats on that one. White Sox to one 50 Joe Redfield no TV Tresor and Jackson No TV No TV No TV First base out of Luke Schlegger. That's on that one. He got these new sliders a tiger He should be cruel and kind of for Lord. What is that? I said that what it works. So what it works. Well, yeah All right gradient paper Conor O'Hallor into 199 how You how Geez man Tommy Troy true gold to 50 Nice one there on the transformative talent. There's been no auto yet noble Meyer and Travis Honeyman. So that's awesome I'm just give them all to us these last three packs. They'll be pretty lit Hunter hollow. There's been one I suppose hunter haze for the race and Garrett Forrester And there's a Justin Reimer aqua lava to 199 on the auto Congrats Red Sox When you want more Should be one more auto, but we'll count at the end and see what the see what the total is I think we missed the first one Lunar glow first Andrew Pinkney Christian Campbell See what happened if it's three or more will open a choice box because it's under that Perfect. There it is Landon Maratus to 499. Yeah Take that all day. Let's go on that blue jays We'll still count the autos just to make sure though and Zach Levinson Alright do a quick recap here everybody got 11 to go on a penny one and one or penny one mixer not one and one That's been any one There's that and then I'll also drop you guys a link to NT divisions that is gonna be a two to go 24 and you put them upside down to that there you go To 99 we've got you entry Vargas Philip Abner Jackson Bowmeister Grant Taylor Jackson holiday Brayden Taylor to 75 Tommy Troy gold to 50 Tommy Troy Marcella Meyer Autos Paul Skeens Adrian Santana Luke Schleiger Drew Hackenberg Jackson Bowmeister Justin Reimer Jace Barofin Alberto Rios Bricella dredge Nolan McLean either. No Donald Rock Braydenberg to 499 Landon Maratus Austin Troser Max Andersen to 199 Justin Reimer 150 Luke Keishell Cooper Engel to 75 Landon Maratus to 50 Jacob Wilson Magda Autos we had the Paul Skeens Draft mini diamonds auto gold to 50 true blue of Colt Emerson to 150 Sparkle of Mack Horvath to 71 the Orioles and then a true gold Jacob Gonzalez to 50 that'll do for the break everybody Thanks again for the fill up next is number 20
|
{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2B7wuPA8XI",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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UCkY5L8JYwx7BT0cOXYZX_dw
|
Educationist Advises FG To Engage Local Intelligence | NEWS
|
Following the continuous attacks on schools in parts of the country, an Educationist, Dr. Funmi Waheed - Adekojo has advised government at all levels to engage the services of locals, whose responsibility will be to give useful and timely information to security agencies.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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|
[
"News",
"Politics",
"Nigeria",
"Africa",
"Plus TV Africa",
"Plus TV",
"Plus",
"Plus TV Nigeria",
"Plus Television",
"Plus TV News",
"Justin Akadonye",
"Aneta Felix",
"Osarogie Ogbonmwan",
"Top News",
"channels",
"tvc",
"bbc",
"cnn",
"arise news",
"arise tv",
"al jazeera",
"news central",
"AIT",
"Silverbird",
"Buhari",
"osinbajo"
] | 2021-05-18T09:41:11 | 2024-02-05T06:27:27 | 159 |
y2LieC0_9G4
|
And following the continuous attacks on schools and parts of the country and educationists, Dr. Fumi Wahid at Dekujo has advised government at all levels to engage the service of locals, whose responsibility will be to give useful and timely information to security agencies. Dr. Wahid at Dekujo made this known while speaking with newsmen in Abokuta, the Ogunstik capital, on the spate of kidnappings and the abductions across the country. It is high time that the government look down to those local, local, local, local security paramilitaries. See, there are some people that, when you engage them like this security, they are not even going to want to face the wall now. But they are just to alert you when there is a clue of something and occurrence. But we don't regard that again. Just don't practice that. Don't believe in sharing this assignment down, down, down, even to the least ordinary Okada guy in the streets. If a government can just do something, say most of our governments can just do something like getting those local guys who are, who they see as a non-entity, but no, no one is a non-entity. It's because of the way you handle them, that they are looking like a non-entity. You engage them, put them on a payroll that you, this body, security wise, this aspect, security wise, your own job is to alert a police station if there is anything if you hear any news. Dr. Wahid at Dekujo said educating the girl child is the best thing any nation can do for her citizenry. Every girl child is in a woman and every woman is in a girl child. So when you deny your girl child a proper education, then you are making our environment to be toxic because that particular child, girl child that you used to train, will grow as a woman and reproduce so many of men and women again, our boy and girls. And whatever you don't have, you can't give. When you employ a girl child, educate them.
|
{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2LieC0_9G4",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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|
UCjFmkmzvMl5pwHgFVV7F5gw
|
Sun. 2/28/21 - *3 DEFINITIVE SPOTS GIVEN AWAY* 2020 Series One Fat Pack Break #3 *RT*
|
* JOIN our group breaks on https://JaspysCaseBreaks.com/
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|
[
"#sportscards",
"#casebreaks",
"#sickhit",
"#mojohit",
"#bighit",
"#boxbreaks",
"#packopenings",
"#irlpack",
"#baseballcards",
"#groupbreaks",
"#nflcards",
"#footballcards",
"#nbacards",
"#basketballcards",
"#casebreak",
"#groupbreak",
"#topps",
"#panini",
"#upperdeck",
"#bowman",
"#leaf",
"#tristar",
"#hermosabeach",
"#unboxing",
"#livestream",
"#sports",
"#sporstalk",
"#collect",
"#thehobby"
] | 2021-03-01T02:59:03 | 2024-04-24T00:07:24 | 327 |
Y2VT1wZ-GoU
|
What's up everybody? Jason here for Jasper'scasebrakes.com giving away the last three Definitive spots away in this 2020 series one fat pack break number three random teams and again guys First we'll do the break or randomize the customer names and teams Distribute the hits out Distribute the hits out of the break itself remember No veteran common shit, but everybody gets around to the MLB then at the end of the break We'll take the randomizer here new dice roller randomize the customer names and the top three Get a spot each in definitive, which is a triple case break Which is gonna be coming up next guys should be pretty strong so Let's get it rolling us Do the break first roll and we got ourselves a five and a six eleven times. Good luck one two three four five six seven eight nine ten and Eleven Charles eleven here one two three four five six seven eight nine ten And it wasn't eleven Again, this is just a little pack fat fat pack. Sorry Alright, so eleven eleven eleven So I'm gonna stick with you guys guys quick little fat pack all the way down there All right, we got Chapman flowers Sanchez Acunia You got a rookie Gavin Luxe little 2020 Michael Comforto You got a couple perennials AJ puck Posey All right a couple rookies are not too bad. There you go Now let's switch scenes. All right now let's switch things again top three get in Here's this customer names. Good luck roll Six and a four for ten times. Good luck One two three four five six seven eight nine Ten Ten times Matt Arnold you are in Danielle you are in and Robert Ronco last spot mojo. There you go After ten times six and a four So last three in guys and this should unlock the break now According to my list Should unlock it. I guess there is only 27 spots sold so that should unlock it guys. So I appreciate it guys coming up next is the break itself
|
{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2VT1wZ-GoU",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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|
UCeikCJsdGgJq6ktZy5dMbhQ
|
CURE KENYA TRANSFORMING LIVE OF KENYAS | ABILITY | WALK TO RAISE FUNDS 2023 |
|
https://spmbuzz.com
|
[
"SpmBuzz",
"SPMBUZZ",
"spm buzz",
"citizen tv",
"uhuru",
"ruto",
"raila",
"trending",
"tuko",
"pulse live"
] | 2023-05-02T10:14:25 | 2024-04-23T14:09:27 | 238 |
Y2RT-ktT3PE
|
My name is Alice Anukul and I'm the country director for Child Fund Kenya, which works together with others to ensure all children are able to grow up healthy, educated, skilled, and safe under participants in society and maximize their potential. It's exciting today to be in partnership with Cure International, AICC Cure International, as I mentioned that we help children connect them to realize their potential to the needs they need and the need like this year 50 children have been supported by Cure International to get the facilities. It wouldn't have been possible if we weren't able to identify from the communities, children that are excluded, that are vulnerable, that are marginalized and we have a joint mission of assisting such children living in vulnerability. So my call is to make sure that create awareness these assistance possible and I'm grateful to the Meshumuwa and what the government is doing and indeed we're calling for supporting Cure International so that those 500,000 people can be assisted. They were assisted for free. These 50 children were assisted for free. We wouldn't have enough resources to do that. As a mother, as a caregiver, don't hide the child because there is a solution. There's a possibility and disability is not inability. So I'm sure together we can join hands to give a child a future that they deserve. Thank you. My name is Ahreba Kamal, the chairman of Cure International Hospital. We have this is our main hospital but we have about 26 satellites hospitals around the country and also a major hospital in Nairobi, Westlands and therefore with the need, the need is quite huge and we cannot meet the need. Like what our Meshumuwa has mentioned, 500,000 is not a small number. Corrective surgery costs about not less than 150,000 for one single surgery and therefore if you multiply that by the number you find we are talking about a huge amount of money which the hospital doesn't have. Our donors can't raise and at the same time the hospital does not charge those who are being treated. So that's one of the key things. We do free service to our children that we correct. We do for free service, free boarding until one is fully recovered. So you can see the amount of money that we need. That's why I'm talking like Son Kok who has become a family member of the Cure International Hospital. Every time that we have a need and we request him to come he has always been with us and other members of the assembly. It is always good to have friends and especially those who have come today from assist organizations who have come to assist us. We know this will go a long way into helping the needed children and whatever we call feel free to come. It's not for nothing, it's for to help the children. Thank you.
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"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2RT-ktT3PE",
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Rashaan Evans: We're Treating All These Games Like Playoff Games
|
Titans linebacker Rashaan Evans speaks with reporters following Tennessee’s 42-20 victory over the Jacksonville Jaguars in Week 12 Sunday at Nissan Stadium.
Subscribe to the Titans YT Channel: https://bit.ly/2M1n3Kd
For More Titans NFL Action: https://bit.ly/2LWlmxy
#TennesseeTitans #Titans #NFL
For more Titans action: https://www.titansonline.com/
Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/titans/
Follow us on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/titans/
Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/Titans/
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[
"Tennessee Titans",
"Football",
"NFL",
"Nashville",
"Sports",
"Titans"
] | 2019-11-25T02:48:30 | 2024-02-05T07:23:02 | 105 |
Y2C0rmJNHUs
|
You knew you were going to get a lot of four net today, but you guys kept them from wrecking the game and kept dropping some of that. I no doubt, you know, kudos to those guys. They still fought the butt off. You know, I feel like just as a team, man, we just feel like now the only thing we can do right now is, you know, play the rest of these games like a playoff game, man. If we do that, I feel like we're going to come out on top. At all. Once again, Indianapolis, one of those top teams, man, and it was going to be a big game for us. And, you know, what better way to go out there and be able to play in that state and be able to have a challenge that we got to go and play against these guys and beat them. So we'll be looking forward to it. I mean, you're like, well, I mean, you see this all the time, so it's kind of numbing. But at the same time, you're like, you got to you got to enjoy something like this, man, because I got that big, got that fast, being able to do it consistently, each and every game like that, you know, it's remarkable, man. Definitely remarkable. Once again, man, kudos to Ryan, man. He's he's done a very amazing job coming in, feeling in and, you know, being able to really lead us. I feel like, you know, just both of those guys, rattling those guys on offense and us just being able to defend the ball and giving those guys as many opportunities for them to go score. Just staying focused, understanding, like I said, man, this is it's a playoff game from now on. And, you know, just the fact that we're able to, you know, have all three phases be able to go and play like we did. I mean, we're going to try to stress that and emphasize that each and every day from now on.
|
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Data Model - Designing your data model
|
Learn how relationships depend on essential “key” fields, then plan the relationships you’ll use in the sample app.
In this video, you will:
* Understand a common type of relationship: learn about the “one-to-many” relationship (0:38)
* Define primary and foreign keys: see how a lack of key fields can lead to messy data (1:00)
* Find your relationships: determine how your app’s tables should relate to each other (2:40)
|
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"learn to create custom apps",
"learn about database design",
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"App for your business",
"create apps data modeling"
] | 2017-08-12T20:38:50 | 2024-02-05T07:27:45 | 253 |
y2DD8tAjM0E
|
designing your data model. In this video you'll create the foundation for your clinic's custom app by learning about relationships. You'll also create an entity relationship diagram or an ERD. While planning your custom app you created the following goal statement design a mobile app for therapists to record services delivered to clients during their visit and based on that statement and the needs of your clinic you identified three tables of data client visit and service. The next step is to identify how these tables relate to one another. Start by looking at the client and visit tables. One client can have multiple visits over time but each visit belongs to only one client. This is called a one-to-many relationship. When creating your data model use a crow's foot to represent a one-to-many relationship. One client, many visits. In order to relate these two tables each visit needs to know which client it belongs to but using something like a name or a combination of fields can be problematic. What happens if there are two Jane Smith's in the client table? It becomes unclear which Jane Smith went in for the recorded visit or what of Jane Smith changes her name to Jane Doe. The visits would no longer match up since the visit record still shows Jane Smith as the client name and a misspelling in either table would also impact the matches instead using a unique value that always exists and never changes solves the problem. When a unique value is used it's called a primary key. This means that the client table will only have one record that identifies as client ID 101 who in this case is Jane Smith. The client ID will be unique and only assigned to Jane Smith. If that value was referenced in another table that's called a foreign key. Client ID 101 in the visit table is foreign because it did not originate from the visit table it was unique to the client table. You'll see that client ID 101 repeats in the visit table to track every instance the client visited the clinic. As a best practice it's a good idea to have a primary key in every table even if you don't expect to use the primary key in a relationship. This prepares your tables for potential relationships as your custom app grows. It can also be a great way to reference any specific record during development and when troubleshooting. Another best practice to help you identify when a foreign key is needed is when you see a crow's foot in your table relationship. This is a good indicator that you'll use a foreign key in that table. Similar logic can be applied to services. A service can be defined as the actions the therapists take during a specific visit. While services are tied to a client a client must come into the clinic for a visit in order to get the services. One visit can have multiple services but each service belongs to one visit. Just like client to visit the one side uses a primary key the visit and services table are related by the visit ID a unique identifier for each visit. A client can have multiple visits and a visit can have multiple services. By drawing out your data model using tables and branching lines you created an entity relationship diagram or an ERD. An ERD will become the foundation for building your custom app in FileMaker Pro. While writing out a plan helps describe the business problem drawing out an ERD helps to explain what tables are necessary and how those tables will relate to one another. In this video you learned about the one to many relationships between clients and visits and visits and services. You also learned to create primary keys and foreign keys in order to relate your data. In the next video you'll launch FileMaker Pro and use your ERD to begin creating your app's tables fields and relationships.
|
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|
3 Bedroom Duplex for sale in Gauteng | East Rand | Benoni | Rynfield | 29 The Vista | 1 |
|
Find more details about this video at:
https://www.privateproperty.co.za/for-sale/gauteng/east-rand/benoni/rynfield/29-the-vista/147-president-brand-road/T220700
3 Bedroom Duplex in Rynfield, 29 the vista, 147 president brand road, The Vista has incorporated an ideal location with the ultimate in design and space functionality.
Th
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-
Please watch: "Private Property | Your Space, Your Rules! | Stand a chance to WIN R100,000 "
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s59CfvqMTLA
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-
|
[
"For sale",
"3 Bedroom Duplex",
"South africa",
"Gauteng",
"East Rand",
"Benoni",
"Rynfield",
"29 The Vista",
"147 President Brand Road",
"privateproperty",
"Private property",
"T220700"
] | 2017-02-23T08:34:41 | 2024-02-13T18:59:45 | 132 |
y2EfKYIYSZE
|
You
|
{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2EfKYIYSZE",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}
|
UC6n9tFQOVepHP3TIeYXnhSA
|
StrongerBC: Connectivity
|
Closing the digital divide is a key action in our StrongerBC Economic Plan, so more British Columbians have better access to jobs, education, training, health care and so much more.
|
[
"Province of BC",
"British Columbia"
] | 2023-12-28T18:35:49 | 2024-04-18T17:59:24 | 148 |
Y2dX2p01Z2s
|
In order to have a stronger BC, we need to have our communities connected. Each community that we connect brings us closer to an inclusive economy. Everyone in BC deserves high-speed internet regardless of where they live. My name is Rose Cluchus. I'm the City of Campbell River Manager of Economic Development and I'm also the President of Vancouver Island Coast Economic Development Association. Access to high-speed internet is critical for economic development opportunities in all communities here in British Columbia. We have people living in those communities that have great ideas and great ideas need access to the internet. All levels of government make connectivity a priority. We've seen it here in Campbell River at the municipal level with an investment in a municipal broadband network. We see it at the provincial level in projects like the Connected Coast. The digital divide is real. Connectivity is the way to grow economies. Hi, my name is Matthew Jeanette. I'm the owner of Earworm Sound located in Campbell River BC. Without high-speed connectivity and cellular, I really couldn't do what I do for my business. When I moved back from Vancouver in 2011 to start my company, it was definitely a challenge. High-speed internet was few and far between at the time and I had to sometimes resort to going to coffee shops or finding another location in the city. I'm always sending large files, video, audio and my clients demand that they get that on time and I need to be able to do that even from a rural community. So I wouldn't be able to do what I'm doing without this initiative. The stronger BC Economic Plan addresses the components of our economy that make British Columbia a great place to live and work and its efforts of closing the digital divide will ensure that businesses can grow and thrive here in BC. Access to high-speed internet levels the playing field for all British Columbians. If every community has access to enterprise level, affordable internet, we will see our economies grow. Having better high-speed internet will bring a change to rural communities and it will allow us to all work and all play together.
|
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}
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|
Rugby Player Receives NORTH TEXAS MEAN GREEN Football Fan Starter Kit From A Subscriber!
|
My name is Jacob McDonald and welcome to my YouTube channel! I really hope that you enjoyed this particular video and you got something positive from it. At the end of the day, that is all I can ask for and is why I do what I do. You will find content about all sorts of things on this channel including my own reactions to my favourite sports and events, personal videos about topics I feel most passionate about, travel VLOG style videos, rugby, bodybuilding, fitness and nutrition related videos, tutorial videos on various topics and much, much more. Regardless of the video topic, I want you to know that you will always get a non-bias, honest and open attitude from me and you can count on that! If I wasn't being myself here on this YouTube channel, I wouldn't be making content. Who wants to try and pretend to be something different than they really are? To me, that sounds like a lot of hard work. Have a fantastic day wherever you are in the world and I will see you soon!
Thanks for watching and much love!
FOLLOW: https://linktr.ee/jacobmcdonald
SUPPORT: https://www.patreon.com/jacobmcdonald27
CHANNEL SPONSORS:
LetsGetChecked: https://trylgc.com/jacobmcdonald (Use code "JAKE30" for 30% off any order)
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Redcon1 USA, Canada or Europe: https://redcon1.com/?aff=24327 (Use code "T20JMC" for 20% off any order)
CHANNEL PARTNERS:
Headspace: https://headspace.pxf.io/x9Z0n3
Bulletproof Coffee: https://bulletproof.fdf2.net/yRknrB
Books2Door: https://books2door.sjv.io/MXb0QY
Anabolic Warfare: https://anabolicwarfare.pxf.io/7mMWbV
NordVPN: https://bit.ly/3zaNkuS
Domain.com: https://bit.ly/396dVi2
STDCheck: https://bit.ly/394iV6L
Wine Library: https://bit.ly/3kaiazo
CBD For Life: https://imp.i295461.net/0JPkYY
Hollyweed CBD: https://hollyweed-cbd.sjv.io/NKbnNP
Fanatics.com: https://bit.ly/3A5M1i1
NFL Shop: https://nflshop.k77v.net/9WEbeY
NHL Shop: https://nhlshop.775j.net/rnXAgd
AMAZON PRODUCTS I USE:
Garmin GPS Trail Running Watch: https://amzn.to/3okXxmH
Canon G7Xiii VLOG Camera: https://amzn.to/3t0EhuX
Canon 80d DSLR Camera: https://amzn.to/3zlyDpr
Samsung PC Widescreen Monitor: https://amzn.to/38jrWIG
MSI Gaming Laptop: https://amzn.to/3km7Nas
Cyberlink Editing Software: https://amzn.to/3zll61l
Elgato 4K Gaming Capture Card: https://amzn.to/3BjCCn0
Elgato 4K Cam Link: https://amzn.to/3uuGxew
Elgato Green Screen: https://amzn.to/3CSU3Me
Rode USB Computer Mic: https://amzn.to/3AYCNET
Rode Camera Mic: https://amzn.to/3mizu5d
Joby VLOG Camera Tripod: https://amzn.to/39UlCYY
Neewer DSLR Camera Tripod: https://amzn.to/3kTsCf
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[
"healthy",
"exercise",
"bodybuilding",
"six pack",
"transformation",
"jacob mcdonald",
"major key physiques",
"gyno",
"gynecomastia",
"rugby",
"rugby league",
"how to play rugby",
"rugby tutorial",
"how to build muscle",
"nfl",
"college football",
"ncaa highlights",
"sports reaction",
"nfl reaction",
"rugby reaction",
"biggest hits",
"best jukes",
"north texas football",
"college football fan",
"north texas subscriber fan pack",
"rugy player reacts",
"college football crowds",
"mean joe greene"
] | 2018-11-14T02:38:53 | 2024-02-08T16:58:42 | 1,318 |
y2gFqdLKp-4
|
what's up what is going on everybody hold on a second that's about right okay guys what is going on look at this got big this fucking thing is it's gonna be the biggest package I've received so far we're back for another subscriber starter pack reaction I assume well sorry opening so what is it rugby player receives starter pack fan starter pack of a particular team from it from anyway let's get into it big this thing is it's from my guys across the ditch usps as always and it's actually from a man William Quinn from Dallas Texas he's dropped a cool $97.90 us to send this to me plus what's ever in the box so look man before I open it what a fucking legend welcome back to another YouTube no what is it rugby player reacts to no rugby player receives subscriber starter pack no it's not it's not it's rugby player receives fan starter pack from subscribers so that's what I assume is in here I can't remember what he said I'm not gonna look up his Instagram message because I want it to be a surprise so let's do this let's fucking do this I love this shit man I will never get sick of it and I hope you guys enjoy it too okay that's no good to me where's my key okay here we go I'm excited by the way if you were wondering a package like this from Dallas Texas got sent on the 16th of October 2018 today's date I've just received it the 31st so that's two weeks let's get into it William Quinn what we got here what do you make of that guys it's packed full all right okay it's either a towel or a blanket maybe maybe it's a blanket for those cold cold winter games when they're playing in six six inches of snow I'm not sure I don't even know what's on it what is on this thing what does that say north north Texas neon green no mean green north Texas mean green established in 1890 north Texas oh man we've got some more north Texas I'm loving this I haven't had any green yet so wait we've got a some sort of bird like logo kind of looks like the Eagles logo but I guarantee it's not north Texas apparently let's put this on we're gonna excel and it fits perfectly now this is what I'm looking forward to a hoodie everyone loves a hoodie and especially when they look as sick as that I've got to say man before I got into any of this football stuff before I got into college football I've always known that I've liked like your college style font college style print you know whether it's in Mississippi Alabama like I could have said anything I still would have liked it so to receive this I mean it's in the same fashion gray silver and whites and green fuck you know that's another thing these color schemes are absolutely brilliant I mean the gray and red for for a higher state you've got the the maze and blue for Michigan you've got green and white and silver for north Texas you've got purple and yellow for LSU you've got so many others and I really love them all and this is fucking sick I can tell you right now I'll be wearing this a lot when it's cold enough yeah perfect size man what size is it X size XL thank you man this is amazing I love it absolutely love it what do you got here drinking cups with a straw north Texas the tower the fight song okay this one north Texas fly fly fly okay what do we got here Scott Brown properties so these are just these must be cups that you buy at the game got your coke got your beer boom all right we've got a letter here holy shit right we're gonna read that at the end oh man oh fuck you this is gonna take forever you have outdone yourself my friend you have absolutely outdone yourself we've got this is this is definitely a starter pack that's for sure north Texas bag for whatever you want to put in it we've got the beanie I love this fuck yeah could you see me in the stands you wouldn't know where I'm from yeah I'm in North Texas brah yeah second year second year redshirt pencils pencils pencil pencil I don't know when the last time I used a pencil was in fact I don't have a pencil sharpener but I do have a knife downstairs so that's all good this is fantastic this is this is beyond fantastic this is unbelievable all right let's get through this holy shit man oh this this this playing jersey looks absolutely sick coaster for the bears we've got a hat we go straight back I love my straight backs in fact I'm gonna put this on right now beanie can wait that's a bit small maybe this is for a girl I'm actually not sure I think it might be for a girl although my head is a size double XL no hats fit my head but beanie's do so there you go we've got we've got a key ring key ring with number 75 and it says mean Joe green from 1966 to 68 mean Joe green we're gonna have to have a look at him ladna is this is this a real playing jersey is this from a player number 91 mean green I've got one I've got another actual like playing jumper from North Dakota State in this similar style it's like the room for the pads and stuff number 91 well we'll have to find out who that is like I said anything with the college style print is an absolute winner in my books including this one XL my man North Texas North Texas North Texas what eagles we've got here another one I want to know what that is oh football magazines mate well that's a first thank you mate well I'm actually going away on on a trip soon going on holiday it's gonna be a bit of travel time but a downtime I'll be taking these as well as these two the two books on the Michigan Ohio State rivalry so sweet man I've got some reading and I'll learn about the game football what we got here another something else football cards the mean green standard 2018 North Texas football fan guide not approved for entry all purses bags containers larger than a small clutch backpacks binocular case briefcases camera bags cinch bag computer bags coolers fatty packs and luggage of any kind oh man I'm fucking hungry now veggie dogs black bean burgers salads fruit cups cheese burgers grilled chicken sandwiches Philly cheesesteaks mini corn dogs brisket sliders brisket nachos jalapeno cheese sausage wrap brisket mac and cheese the raffa sandwich Rudy's barbecue Metzler's barbecue mate is this what they call tailgating this sounds absolutely delightful I'll have a read of that and here we go here we go mean Joe green mean Joe green considered not only the greatest player in North Texas history mean Joe green was rated the greatest defensive tackle in the history of football when the NFL named its top 100 greatest players I'm gonna watch that a three-time Missouri Valley all conference player green anchor to North Texas defensive line that allowed just two yards per rushing attempt from 66 to 68 helping North Texas to a 23 5-in-1 record green was a consensus all American in 1968 mean Joe green here's another one in 1969 green was the first nor first North Texas player taken in the first round of the NFL draft selected fourth overall by the Pittsburgh Steelers as achievements included 69 defensive rookie of the year 10 Pro Bowl selections five first team all pro honors defensive player of the year in 72 and 74 NFL man of the year and 79 and four Super Bowl championships what green is a member of the North Texas athletics college football and pro football Hall of Fame and its number 75 was retired by the University of North Texas and by Pittsburgh Steelers whoa what a fucking legend we definitely got a legend on our hand here another one founded by his three children in loving memory of their late mother Agnes the green family foundation provides scholarships for students who have who are breast cancer survivors or who have a parent affected by the by the disease going Agnes met while there are students at UNT and the foundation is a nod to her love of the University in its first year the foundation provided two scholarships to UNT students who then attended the annual nibble and mingle event featuring all-star chefs and a celebrity guest list the event serves as the primary fund fundraiser for the foundation right the green fan green family foundation supporting breast cancer we've got one more guys I'm gonna read it out NFL 70s all deck all decade teams Joe Green here are some dates 1980 he was named in the 70s all decade team for the NFL 1981 he was named in the North Texas athletics Hall of Fame 1981 also his number 75 was retired by North Texas in 84 he got inducted into the college football Hall of Fame 85 Texas Sports Hall of Fame 87 pro football Hall of Fame 94 the NFL 75th anniversary all-time team in 2010 16 years later he got the top 100 NFL greatest players I believe he's number one 2014 number 75 which was retired by the Pittsburgh Steelers who I'm assuming he played for and in 2017 last year he was named in the Texas High School football Hall of Fame so that's high school so he's in one two three four five six Hall of Fames holy shit that's impressive and we've got one last thing last but not least we've got to have a flag and it looks as if that's what this is but I still it's it's obviously just called North Texas and that's it there's no like North Texas Eagles or North Texas birds or something like that it's just North Texas and that's upside down so I suppose I suppose it's time for a thumbnail which means that we're gonna have to go like this and get that so we will get behind me there and I want to say William man this is amazing this is amazing just like all of my other you know packages are from my subscribers I mean this is me checking my postbox not really expecting anything getting a massive package coming home opening it it's amazing I feel like it's Christmas and it kind of is Christmas in two months but this hoodie sick man I love the silver I love the white I love the green I love the beanie I love all the information mean Joe green is coming up but before I do go this video has probably gone on about 15 minutes already we have a letter and as always I am going to read it right now to Jacob greetings from the mean green nation I am so elated that you have come to embrace American football especially the college game I personally like it more as a whole over the NFL but I still do love my Cowboys I just like the college game as a pure sport I'm a graduate of the University of North Texas in 2002 and since I have been at school here I've always followed the football team from good and great years to lean and even better and even bad years I will always follow this team through and through I hope this care package is a great token of my appreciation to you for embracing American college football let me describe a few of the items the white game jersey from 2010 when we were when we were still in the Sun Belt conference we are now in conference USA I don't remember the player exactly but I think number 91 fits you well the player is is Ladner my man and you know what thank you my friend a real plain jersey baseball cap and pom beanie hat size large North Texas white be in sports shirt and coosie be in sports here show UNT games here okay so be be sports must be a broadcaster the world class sports network okay a couple of greens a green shirts and a hoodie which is awesome three by five foot flag yes a set of UNT pencils a gift bag two of my favorite college football preview magazines the anthlons national college football and Dave Campbell's Texas football so we got Athlon sports college football magazine that's gonna be a good read Dave Campbell's Texas football so I'm gonna learn all about Texas brilliant North Texas plush throw oh this one what's a throw must be a little blanket an actual game program from our game against Louisiana Tech which was here this one mean Joe green trading cards and bronze keychain from statue ceremony before La Tech game foldable fan guide actual souvenir soda cups from our home grounds as for YouTube clips for you to review I have four of them for you Jacob but bold print and YouTube search bar to find clips easier okay number one North Texas goal line stand versus rice October 31st 2013 goal line stand was for eight straight plays the last play was the craziest okay number two North Texas first UTSA which is I got no idea final drive here we had to go down the entire length of the field in a minute and two seconds with no time outs piece of cake for our quarterback Mason fine number three North Texas fake fair catch the 90 yard punt return touchdown so far this is the 2018 play of the year in college football this is pick this is a pic of me with the punt return a Keegan Brewer and the man that created the play special teams coach Marty biagi brilliant wait a name drop breath wait a name drop number four any episode of this season of Beyond the Green 2018 this is our weekly show it is a very in-depth look at our team I really think you would like it Jacob one last picture I would like to show you is this picture from 2017 I'm on the very left and next to me is Zach or one of the great linebackers ever to play here he played for the Baltimore Ravens for three years afterwards Zach or I've actually heard of him I have next to him is the fight as his father Terry or who used to play for the Washington Redskins and on the very bright was our running back Brandon Bird who led us to winning the heart of Dallas Bowl in 2013 14th season Jacob I hope you enjoy your UNT swag box University of North Texas and go mean green sincerely William Quinn and that's the picture of him with the or the or guys and the current running back on a Brandon bird 2013 14 running back sir man what a legend what an absolute legend man I am blown away as I always am but God I mean this is this is incredible I love it I love it all I want to say thank you so much I want to say stay tuned for the next few videos they're gonna be he didn't actually mention anything about Joe Green I'm gonna have to look at him anyway so look the next video or two or three or four is gonna be dedicated to my man William Quinn it's gonna be associated with North Texas and I can't wait so if you have enjoyed this video if you want to support me and the growth of the channel please press like if you want to subscribe please do go North Texas baby it's all I can say look at my pencils
|
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UCmkhn3JfgRGeLfRMVa9yUvQ
|
La Bopatro kaj Kato sub Kvaranteno — Ekas la milito
|
En ĉi tiu filmeto, mi parolas pri la silento milito, kiu ekokazis inter mia kato kaj mia bopatro. Esence, temas pri feko...
______________________________
Follow me / Sekvu min:
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Monero: 49KTTNjgFs7VEnSwRj4YfaPRnpPjt1e19Dp7hpczoY7XDZYha4og4LM7PTtRFx1sH9gYxXx5ENpqCB8A3w3y27dn5YVmneK
Help us caption & translate this video!
https://amara.org/v/C0dRJ/
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"Esperanto",
"Esperanto language",
"esperanto conversation",
"native esperanto speakers",
"fluent esperanto conversation",
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"esperanto speaking",
"speaking esperanto",
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"people speaking Esperanto",
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] | 2020-04-13T07:18:04 | 2024-04-23T14:35:00 | 347 |
Y22YfSOOt4Q
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Saluton al chiyo, yere vo diya viya diyo. Ho diya mi vols paroli pri iom de novajo, kay pos tiyo mi vols presenti al vi amuson rakonton. Do mi commensos chi tiun filmeton per la novajo. Do an la pasinta filmo mi parolos pri tiyo, ke miya luwanto, symple rifuzis pagi la lupreson per la domo kyun ji luas demi. A do, niprovis kontakti ginmute kay pos tiyo filmo, ni telefonis, ni reposhtis, e ji symple rifuzis kontakti nini. Do le zino, mi kay nye agento, idis al la domo per fronti la luwanto, ke paroli kyun ji. Kay kiyom nye al venis, jimute plendis, jidis, oh, vi ne poshtis ti tiyo kay tiyo pulu, kay nidis nu effektive niyan parolis kon la loka politso, kay ilidis ke nye reitas veni, char vi rifuzas paroli konni, kay tiyo pulu, kay tiyo pulu niprezentis diverisain lejain effeeroyn. Nii multe disputis kon ji, kay ji tiyan decis nufek el vi mi intentsas elmovijis, kay tiyo in tiyo momento nii rimarkis ke la domo jam estas malplena, do syainis ke ji intentsas elmovijis semstiginen. Do nii jam antao planis tiyon, char nidis bone, nii estas feliciai ke vi intentsas elmovijis, sed niyam procesas kontra vi, vi devas pagi, se vi rifuzas pagi, enedela seqvais semai nnui, nii procesas kontra vi en le kortumo, kay jen le fino, kay ji multe blekis, kay kriacis, kay postiyon de disputado, ji, mi suposis ke ji ne rifuzis, se ji simpla dirisou, mi widos vin en le kortumo, kay poste la edzino de tiyo vidu kontaktis nini, kay entre simpla mesajo diris kiyo multe nii devas pagi. Do, mi suposis ke baodao nii finfine ricevos nian lu preson, finfine. To, pro la amusa raconto, mi devas presenti alvi, mi an domon iomete, kay mi honeste mi devas diri ke ji nun estas trè malbone organizita, tuta estas sen ordo chitie, char estas trihomo i sub-quaranteno in chitiyu domo, do bon volu ne kommenti pritiyo. To, tiyu kase, mi nun sitas en mi asuna chambro, kay asuna chambro estas essense koredoro, kiyo iras circa la exterior de la domo, kay en la domo estas mi la edzino kay le baodao patro, kay pro tiyo ke nini ne volis moratigi unu la alian, nii devidis la domo, nii devidis la domo, entri pattoin, kay mi diris, jen le patto pror le baodao patro, jen le patto pror le edzino, kay jen pur mi. Mi ka le edzino, janerali ne havas problemoin, sed nii shatas dum kiyam nii labodas haviniain aparatain spazoin, symple por ne kreyi problemoin, sed labo patro. Chiu kase, mi devis diri, ke jin nun trovijas en la asuna chambro, kay tiyo estas trihomoza, char pror mi e kato, tradizie la asuna chambro estas jie spazo, do mi nun sitas en la asuna chambro, ke mi devis montri al vi, vi eble ne pos vidis ed tiye estas, ne estas spazo, antawe, nun estas spazo, sed ne estas ajoj mi se posas, sed antawe, juste tiye, estas la sabla fekeyo pror mi e kato, kay juste chitie, malantaw le kamaraos, char la kamarao sitas sur le tablo, estas kiyen nun mi e bao patro sitas, kay en antawe filmi, mi klarigis al vi, ke mi e kato tri ege malamas mi e bao patro, kay nun, la tutan tagon, mi e bao patro sitas juste chitie, tiye pos la fekeyo de la kato, kay dum la anua se maino de quaranteno, mi ne vere si estas kiyal chitio o kazi, sed esense mi e kato chesis usisian fekeyo, kay dedcidis fekis sur le litoi, en la baneyo, en la kuireyo, kay mi e dzino pres kaw explodis, jyi ne komprenis, kay tiyam tiyam, mi alidis, mi venis al le chambro chitie, kay mi pensis, kiyal efek, jyi ne pul usas la fekeyo, kiyal jyi ne pul usas jin, kay tiyam, mi pensis, kay mi pensis, mi stadis, tiyam, mi edigadis al efekyo, kay tiyam, mi ai okuloi, malera pide movidis dextren, kay mi vidis le bao patro, kay tiyam, mi pensis, tiyam pul mi bao patro, kiyal jyi malamegas mi bao patro, do asense, mi movis le fekeyo, ala alia, flanko, de lasun chambro, kay nun, chiyo de novo, estas un ordo, jyi usas jin fekeyo, to, se vi havas kato, kay bao patro, kay ili, ne shatas, unu la alian, simle ne metu le fekeyo, de la kato, en la sama loko, kiyal le bao patro, kiyal tiyam povas krei, problemegui, chiyo kaza tiyo, estas u finus, se vi shatas, chiyon filmeton, vis tsies, kiyon vi devas fadi, shatujin, diskonikujin oboro, mi en kanalm, se vi ankoran ne ebonis, kay mi vidus, vin, chiyo, en le veron to filmo, kay se vi ne estos tiyem, mi trovas, kay, mi suposas, ke mi metos, mi an bao patro, tu i put, vi an fekeyo, poke kiyam, vi volas, usi le fekeyo, jyi sidas tiye, kay simle, okulumas,
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UCXNx5tIec3oLCikLFzExaNA
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What was the highlight of your New Colombo Plan experience?
|
What was the highlight of your New Colombo Plan experience? NCP alumni answer the question.
| null | 2019-04-03T05:08:27 | 2024-04-23T01:04:32 | 62 |
y2oOsaunDYQ
|
The highlight of my new Colombo Plan scholarship was definitely the language component. So coming back from Korea with the language and cultural skills, I was able to upskill some Australian businesses and workers to help get into that region. I did a placement at MindHeart Thailand where I contributed to the design of commercial high-rise buildings. Probably the most exciting part of my internship was to work on real projects that are happening in our region and to contribute to the nutrition and the development of these countries. In the pool, I interned for the United Nations focusing on the use of technology in the post-earthquake disaster city. During my internship in Hong Kong, working with a professional media company maybe realised what that professional working environment is really like. I completed my internship in South Korea at the Yonsei University Severance Hospital Cancer Centre and I was looking at how can we bridge the world of artificial intelligence and medicine and surgery.
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UC-crZTQNRzZgzyighTKF0nQ
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MLA ਭਰਾਜ ਨੇ ਕੇਂਦਰ ’ਤੇ ਸਾਧਿਆ ਨਿਸ਼ਾਨਾ, ਪੰਜਾਬ ਦੀਆਂ ਝਾਕੀਆਂ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਨਾ ਕਰਕੇ ਕੀਤਾ ਵਿਤਕਰਾ | #local18
|
MLA ਭਰਾਜ ਨੇ ਕੇਂਦਰ ’ਤੇ ਸਾਧਿਆ ਨਿਸ਼ਾਨਾ, ਪੰਜਾਬ ਦੀਆਂ ਝਾਕੀਆਂ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਨਾ ਕਰਕੇ ਕੀਤਾ ਵਿਤਕਰਾ
#Sangrur #aappunjab #narinderkaurbharaj #news18punjab
Find Latest News, Top Headline And breaking news Watch your favorite newspapers News18 Punjab Himachal Haryana websites.
For All Live Coverage, Exclusive And Latest News Update, Watch The LIVE TV Of News18 Punjab/Haryana/Himachal, Catch The Latest News LIVE
News 18 Punjab/Haryana/Himachal is an exclusive news channel on YouTube which streams news related to Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Nation and the World. Along with the news, the channel also has debates on contemporary topics and shows on special series which are interesting and informative.
News18 ਪੰਜਾਬ/हरियाणा/हिमाचल एक क्षेत्रीय न्यूज़ चैनल है जिसपर ਪੰਜਾਬ, हरियाणा, हिमाचल, देश एवं विदेश की खबरें प्रकाशित की जाती हैं | समाचारों क साथ-साथ इस चैनल पर समकालीन विषयों पर वाद-विवाद एवं विशेष सीरीज भी प्रकाशित होती हैं जो की काफी रोचक एवं सूचनापूर्ण हैं |
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For Latest news and updates, log on to: https://bit.ly/2Cx91Ok
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|
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"news18 punjab",
"punjab news",
"punjabi news",
"news18 punjab haryana",
"News18",
"chandigarh news",
"ludhiana news"
] | 2024-01-28T11:45:36 | 2024-04-23T13:28:50 | 314 |
y2iajxyjPhE
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आऊ्छ बहु़, भई न स्रखार न जएडा प� critisik par prashah mo astrology do. । उ४ वी चोंए गर पबंजावाग दे के लोडका नालत दध किoples gare pa bad bhi k mosquito coll33 kokthay】 औंक उस्स कराउतयlarak kilometr ये ये मय lies chud porta rat उसाथgyptbay अछल मस की नाडस प्रक्ना audiobook � database వ్న ... జజċária జċária części白 īt జజċária 알려ċĒa జ й pregunta ಈ ʕ� val ʜlling జ motorcycle జ ١ Ṣ coup ち trabaj జ ṕజillary జజḥā జ జజillary దాతమలౌ సిగతొతతైన చాకగనంయథనడిడ్啦ుపతేబి ఆతికేనిఊి DAMνο షరి LIAMకబటో� గాని ఊినిని చిటికరికూనికూనిడా గావశనిలు గావగలకతి వికూనికా. కారికిమాని. ౕల్ కినిబావరావారి. ఇమరిమావులా నవడిలమా. క్రభచిక్బటల్నినినిపిన క్రరిియది సాత౪ార్యటార్న సంరనెరినినినిని నార్టినినినినినినిన hook hook hook hook essee nouve geehr hnlich cardio partner Picasso addin itzerland vista LIVE
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Webinar 2 - Part 1 - Tracker Use Academy
|
This webinar will give you an overview of the logistics of the academy, an overview of the learning objectives and agenda.
|
[
"DHIS2"
] | 2022-09-23T12:59:40 | 2024-04-23T01:00:28 | 4,707 |
Y2l1yj_oHy8
|
So we'll start, so we'll start with the first presentation, which is on the Academy objectives. Alright, so today we'll have a look at the terms learning objectives curriculum overview and the evaluation plan for the tracker use their own academy. So as we all know about the DHS data models so DHS to primarily has two. One for the data models one for aggregate data collection one for tracker data collection. As you all know the data sets are being used for collecting aggregate data from health facilities on a fixed frequency, whereas within the tracker model we have two kind programs we have event programs and your tracker programs. The event programs are for key events notifying key events. Which are sort of a listing register, while the tracker programs as we understand are for tracking entities over a longer period of time for different disease programs and other scenarios, both in health and non health domains. So event programs, they do collect individual data, but then there is no registration aspect to it so event programs do not allow you to track an individual person item or substance but they do allow you to create a one time entry for a specific event for a specific person. This is particularly useful when you need granular data. And there are no requirements to track or do individual follow up for your specific use case. For example, you want to make record of all the people who attended say behavioral change communication events for different health programs. So there you don't need to make a track or track these individuals over a period of time but you just need an information that in an CCC event, how many candidates participated, you maintain a line list attendance for that and perform your analysis on top of it where you can disaggregate data by the genders age groups etc. If you have granular information collected. So if you're doing service line list surveillance then you can use the event programs very easily. So for using the event programs you should have a good foundation of the event data model, and there is an DHS to event fundamental course available online, which you can enroll yourselves into and complete that. So the information that will be sharing through the academy will be an add on on the basics of event programs and data model that you have understood undertaken in the fundamentals online course. So the programs, the way they differentiate event programs that they collect individual level data which involves registration of the individuals or an item or a substance here you will be collecting some demographic or some identifiable information for the patient or the beneficiary who's very existing in the system as for your use case. So you need to have various identifiers to be a part of a program so that you can track the individual through the system as they interact with different programs and services. So if I sort of want to get enrolled in similar surveillance program, then I need to provide some information regarding my demographic details my name, my age, my phone number, my address. And then if tomorrow I need to say get enrolled in MCD surveillance program, then the same person the same profile can be enrolled into the MCD surveillance programs as well. So one person can get registered once in the system and then can be enrolled into several programs over a period of time depending upon the services that the beneficiary needs for that specific health program. The tracker model is a little more complex as compared to events so we'll be spending some more time understanding this model in more detail. And therefore we have a session today on the tracker data model so that we can revise the basic concepts of the tracker data model in DHIS too. And then when we start the course from Monday onwards we will see how that model is applied in our use cases that we'll be discussing throughout the next five days in the academy. The target audience for this course are participants who want to understand the DHIS with tracker features and how to enter and analyze tracker data. So as the academy says it's tracker use academy, so here the focus is not on the configuration aspects but on the aspects of using events and tracker for data input as well as data analysis. There are other tracker courses available that can also be taken later, tracker configuration and implementation, tracker implementation management. So do keep checking the academy calendar on the DHIS to website. The academies are being announced for remaining of this year and early next year as well now. So in case you're interested to attend the further sets of academies that both online and on site academies have also been are also starting again. So please keep a check on the storage on the DHIS to website for latest information of what academies are being planned in your region so that you can join those courses as well. So the basic assumption here is that either you have a background on DHIS too and you have used DHIS to before in your countries and organizations or you've taken event fundamentals online course so that you have the basic knowledge of the events data model. So therefore we also have a session plan today later to brush up your skills on the tracker data model which also includes the event components as well. So the learning goals that we have for this academy is to within the community members who joined us for this academy to increase the level understanding of the features that available in the DHIS to tracker as we all know that the new features to rapidly evolves over time as new developments are happening with each release so it's important for the users to stay up to date with the latest features that are being introduced so that you can set a timeline you know when potential upgrades can be made within your implementation so that you can make use of the new features that are being introduced. The objective of the learning goal is to increase the ability to enter tracker data so tracker itself is being redesigned and reconfigured into a new latest application so you the idea is to increase the ability to ensure that you're able to use all the features for tracker data entry which may include data entry plus data quality protocols and creating key information snippets for the end user so that they can make best out of the data that they're entering in the system. Of course outputs are a critical component for any implementation so there are many ways in which outputs can be generated in VHS to using the events and the tracker data model so large focus is on increasing the ability of the participants to create outputs from the tracker data that they're collecting. So the performance objectives for us as facilitators and for you as participants is to get a good knowledge on what DHS to tracker is and in what different methods you can capture tracker data. Then in what scenarios you can utilize these different data capture methods to enter tracker data, which we'll talk about. The web application we'll talk about the Android application both ways of data collection and then once you've collected the data how you can review that data and generate outputs using the inbuilt analysis tools within DHS to so we'll cover the analytics applications data visualizer event reports event visualizer and some custom applications which have been developed in different countries depending upon this specific requirements. So we'll also cover the supplementary apps that can be used to enhance the DHS to his ability to create tracker data outputs, which may not be available in the core, but they are part of the add on applications which you can add in your test implementations. So the learning objectives include describing the latest tracker features and how to use them describe the tracker data model sorry tracker data model in DHS to having a detailed look at both web and Android devices how they can be used to capture data, identify the applications which can be used for tracker data analysis, creating tracker data outputs in form of table charts and maps so we'll look at the maps application and see how tracker data and or events data can be used in form of clusters and also in form of thematic maps using the program indicators and indicators which are getting sourced from your tracker data collection and dashboard as you know are an important aspect for data visualization and dissemination so we'll also see how you can create dashboards using your tracker data. So we'll quickly review the agenda, the copy of the agenda is available on the model platform that will shortly come to on terms of how you can register yourselves on model and get access to the course content. So just let me go to the agenda once. Yeah, so as you are already aware the Academy was comprised of five, three major events. So you had the first webinar that you attended today, the participants were not able to attend yesterday's webinar. The recording of the webinar is available now and it has been posted in the announcements channel. Slack so we'll also review Slack that would be our communications platform for this Academy where participants can reach out to the facilitators and ask questions related to the implementations related to the course and also related to the exercises that they'll be doing to the academy. So we are today on day two, which is the DHS to webinar for course introduction and tracker data model so today we'll be looking at the platforms that will be using for the Academy that is model DHS to and and Slack. We'll do a quick review of the Academy use cases just to give just to give you a brief context on how what use cases you'll be using and how these programs are designed so that you know you can you have enough context before we start using these use cases on the DHS to instance for for sessions as well as your exercises. So quick session or community of practice today so we'll have gas in the, the scavenger practice coordinator, who will give an overview of the COP and we have some badges which we'll be happy to assign to certain participants based on their involvement across the next five days so the person will discuss that we have already added you on Slack so most of you would have received an email requesting you to join Slack in case you haven't got that email to let us know by email we can add you on Slack or you can also add it on the zoom chat today and with the email address so that we can check if your account has been added on Slack or not. And then to close the webinar we'll have one session on the tracker data model where we look at the key terms and the conceptual overview of the data model. Day one which is Monday 26 we will start with the day with the tracker capture web application where we'll see all the functionalities which are available in DHS to track regarding data entry on the web, and then we'll have a supplementary session on the tracker capture data entry on Android and how you can enter tracker data on Android device. Day two between seventh we will have a detailed session on Android analysis. So this is a new session which has been introduced now for in the academy where a lot of features have been developed for analytics on the Android application so we'll have a three session where we'll see what kind of analysis outputs are now available on the Android app, both in terms of patient data and as well as aggregate information. Day three that is 28 we'll focus on the data outputs on how you can analyze the tracker data using the the inbuilt analytics applications available in DHS to that. And then we'll have reports event visualizer and maps so they three will focus on that day for 29 would again be an extension of the three where we'll keep on discussing the the tracker data analytics, where we'll have a look at data visualizer. In terms of analyzing your program indicators and indicator, then we'll have a session on custom apps that can support to track implementation depending upon the use cases we'll see a couple of examples on how custom web applications were developed for meeting certain analytics requirements which were not part of the DHS to core feature set. So we'll have a discussion on that. And then we'll have a quick discussion on the next steps on what other academies and coming up active how you can utilize the other other academies and the COP platform for communicating with the community, getting to know about the latest features and alerts related to security releases everything is available on the COP platform so we'll give an overview of that. Day five that is Friday 30th would be your exam day. So with each of these sessions on each day you'll have some data science to do and which will be adding to the evaluation so we'll just see a quick reference to your evaluation requirements as well. So, the certification process will consist of three parts on the exercises later assignments and final exam. So with each session that will do each day you'll have a couple of exercises to do some of them would be ungraded some of them would be graded, and then you'll have the final exam on Friday that is 30th of September. The passing grades for the Academy are set to 70%, which are calculated from graded assignments as the final exam, the breakup of the marks is given on the next slide so I'll cover that there. So the graded assignments are just to test your knowledge that whether you have grasped the concepts clearly, they will be sessions and the recordings and the course material will be available on model so in case you miss a session, you can review the course on model and the recordings and if you view the recordings you should be okay for the exam as well. So the the mechanism is flexible on how you access the material and examination. So, in terms of the learning evaluation plan. This is the breakup of the 100 marks from which you will be evaluated. Feedback contains a bit of 10% so daily feedback will be marked as your attendance so we request you that every day when you join the sessions for Monday onwards, you leave the feed you do fill the feedback form. So if you fill the feedback form then it will automatically count as your attendance and we'll add on to your overall percentage. You have assignments for each of these topics data entry by data entry android android analysis when visualizer event reports map program indicators. So that will contribute to 10% each and then exam has a weightage of 20% so total will be 100% and you need to score 70% to get a completion certificate, which is automatically generated if you have qualified the scores. And you could use that certificate for your reference as well. In terms of the exercises and assignments the course relies on the concept of learning by doing so you will have a look at the demonstrations that the facilitators provide over the next five days. So you will have these ungraded exercises for nearly every session, and you'll have great assignments that we're just shown for what topics will have these assignments to do. You will be given time to perform the other exercises during the sessions so while the demonstrations are happening will take quick, quick breaks in between to help you do the ungraded assignments. You need to perform all grid assignments after the sessions and cannot support by the slack channel so the grid assignments are in the post. The card may ours assignments for you, where if there is any challenge with any question you can reach out to the facilitators on slack. So we'll, we'll try to respond to all your questions at the earliest possible. You will be given a week after the card me to close all your grid assignments. So, the assignments is given a due date on moodle so we'll see and that those units will be followed so if you're the course of the academy you wouldn't be you were not you were not able to complete all the assignments will be given a week to do it but you have to give the exam on Friday because that cannot be extended further. So, in case you have missing grid assignments you can complete after the card. Next seven days, but the exam has to be given a Friday itself so that it counts to overall grades. Feedback is a critical component for both the organizers as well as the participants. So we'll ask you to fill in the feedback on the sessions and material and the instructions given on that specific day. On the final day you'll fill the final academy feedback. So the feedback will continue contribute to 10% of your overall grades so and the feedback will also be a proof of your attendance for that specific day so ensure that you fill the feedback every day so that you get the full 10% for your attendance as it counts to the overall. So, if any questions, please feel free to ask on the chat, the facilitators will respond to those questions. Yeah, so that's the end of the presentation so I'll stop sharing the screen. Alright, so those were the course objectives and the overall assessment plan for the academy. Moving forward, we will now quickly introduce the course facilitators who are available on the call. And then we'll move to the participant introductions as well. So Pamod, if you could introduce yourself please. Yeah, hello everyone I'm Pamod from Hisp Sri Lanka so I'm generally based in Sri Lanka and right now I'm in Australia, Norway. So I'll be a facilitator for this entire DHS2 Data Use Academy. So I have experience in implementing DHS2 in several countries mainly in the Southeast Asia region for the last, I mean almost a decade now. So looking forward to contribute. Thanks Pamod, Gittaka if you could please introduce yourself. I am Gittaka working with Hisp India for I think 80 years now. I have been majorly working on the tracker implementations for different programs and for the capacity building. During the next week I'll be taking few sessions and also supporting during the other sessions and look forward to seeing you all next week. Thank you. Thanks Gittaka. Sumit if you could introduce yourself please. Okay, I guess some of you are having some problems so I'll introduce myself. Hi everyone, I am Saurav. I am currently working with Hisp India for supporting DHS2 implementations from the last 10 years or so. We have been largely supporting countries in South Asia and Central Asia region and some countries in the Middle Eastern region for their DHS2 implementations both aggregate and tracker. So I'll be a part of sessions in the forthcoming week for different topics. And I look forward to interacting with you and hoping that you'll be able to participate in all the sessions that are in the plan. Thank you. So what we could do now is move towards the participant introductions. So I'll call the name one by one and I would request you to please give a quick introduction of the organization or the minister of health at your representing and a quick few lines on your DHS2 implementations that you're supporting. So we'll start with Abu Saim Marif. So if you can please introduce yourself. I think so we can come back to Abu Saim later probably we can move on to the next participant. Next we have Ahmed Al Mughal. So if you can please introduce yourself. Hello everyone. This is Ahmed Al Mughal. I'm from Yemen and I work in the Ministry of Health in the department of the organizations looking forward to for this session. All right. Thank you so much. Next you have Ameen Ahmed Jamzi. Can I say something? Yes. Hello everyone. This is Ameen Ahmed Jamzi from Komoros Island in the Indian Ocean. I work for the Ministry of Health of Komoros. Thank you. Thank you. Next you have Ameen Ahmed Marouba. I'm from Zakarya. All right. I think we can move ahead. Hello everyone. Hello Pamud. How are you? My name is Arsalan and I am from this Pakistan and looking forward for this huge development. Thank you. Thank you Arsalan. Good to hear from you. Thanks Arsalan. Ashan if you could please introduce yourself. Iqram from all the national immunization program. I think Komoros we have worked together right? Yes Iqram. Nice to see you. Thank you. Ashan. Yes. Yes. Hello everyone. I'm Dr. Ashan. I'm a medical officer from Sri Lanka. I have some experience in DHS to implementations of aggregate and both trackup modules. So hoping to learn something new and refresh my knowledge from this session. Thank you. Thanks Ashan. Mr. Azhar are you? Can you please introduce yourselves please? Okay. We can move ahead. Ms. Cecilia Alagi please introduce yourselves. Hi everyone. My name is Cecilia Alagi. I work with FHI 369G here. I'm the technical officer, senior technical officer for GIS and database. I have experience working with the aggregate data module. I recently began some implementation using the tracker and I'm hoping to gain better understanding of how the tracker is set up and used and also analytics. Thank you. Thank you Cecilia. Next we have Mr. Chowgill Namgill. Can you please introduce yourself? Hello. Good morning everybody. My name is Chowgill Namgill and I'm from Bhutan working in Ministry of Health for Health Management and Information System. And I have some experience in working with both aggregated and tracker programs in DHS too. Thank you. Thank you Chowgill. Next we have Deepul. I'm Dr. Deepalaji Surya coming from Sri Lanka. I have some experience in DHS too in NCD activities and antenatal care. Thank you for everybody. I am waiting to learn new things you are giving in this session. Thank you. Okay. Thank you Dr. Deepul. Next you have Ito. Hello everyone. I am Ito from NEMA. I'm currently working for the NEMA country program. As specifically alumni in Maliria, we are trying to implement a Maliria information system which is based on DHS to module for case-free surveillance system. Yes. I was then experienced in the implementation of DHS to aggregate Rapputi system for HIV, TB and Maliria for Ministry of Health. Thank you. Thanks Ito. Next we have George. Okay, we can move ahead. Sorry. Yes George, please go ahead. Yes, sorry. I'm George Bevy. The one who has been making noise in the chat box. So I'm from Nairobi, Kenya, East Africa. And I'm working in the Kenya Medical Research Institute. The collaboration is another trust known as WELCAM based in Oxford. So some of the work we are doing is we are working with the hospitals in the mainstream rather trying to improve the quality of documentation and some of the data that we're collecting is actually patient labor data for the patients. So one of the things that we are trying to do is trying to align this with the Ministry's reporting and that's where the tracker module comes in. So I'm hoping to learn more so that we can better implement our work. I'm going forward. Thanks. Thank you George. Next we have Dr. Gopika. Gopika Rianath. We're facing some breaking at your end of voices breaking. If you could please put your introduction on the chat, that would be helpful. Yeah, I'm Gopika Rianath from Sri Lanka. I'm a medical physician in Health Informatics Ministry of Health. I have some experience regarding the DHS2 tracker as well as I would like to know much more regarding the DHS2 tracker. Thank you. Next we have James. Okay, thank you everyone. Good morning from my end. So I work with Sitesavers Nigeria. My name is James Tolare and Shabba. I work with Sitesavers Nigeria. I'm currently responsible for the rollout of DHS2 as the national reporting tool for the mass reporting mass distribution of drugs for neglected tropical diseases in Nigeria. So we work closely with the Ministry of Health. We've been using the aggregate module on DHS2 and more recently the event as the capture application. But I'm really interested and I look forward to a great learning experience because of this academy. Thank you. Thank you James. Next we have Dr. Janaka. Yeah, good morning to you. I'm in UK. So this is 845 to me. So I'm Dr. Janaka from Sri Lanka. Actually currently I'm at United Kingdom. I have come here for my postgraduate studies and I have some experience with DHS2 which is specially in health sector disaster management. And anti-malaria campaign which we have done some tracker programs with especially with Dr. Pamod. And as well as some CKDU kidney disease which we have done with actual President and Secretary of office Sri Lanka. I have more than 10 years experience in DHS2. I started in 2012 with the help of his India with the assessment of Prof. Sandeep Sohey. I had a nice time in Delhi. So that is my experience on DHS2. Thank you. Thank you. Next you have Mr. Kogonza Anthony. Yes. Good morning to you all. This is Kogonza Anthony from Uganda working with the AIDS support organization. And I work as a data class supporting a health facility in Tonga Mo district. So I'm actually a use of DHS2 because here we use it for reporting most of the Minister of Health reports. That's a weekly, monthly, quarterly and annual basis. So that's mainly our main reporting channel of MOH reports. And then also I've also used the tracker applications in some of the DHS2 platforms. For instance, I've used the tracker in the KP keep population combination program whereby we use the tracker to keep track of our clients who are receiving the prevention programs. And then also I've used the tracker in another program, which is dreams, mainly looking at also in line with HIV prevention, mainly targeting the adolescent girls and young women. Also, we have a tracker which helps us to track on the services that we are providing to them. So that's my experience with DHS2 and the tracker. And also actually we are also using the tracker in the management of COVID-19. Vaccination data. So we will serve the APVAC tracker that we are using here. Thank you back to your host. Thank you. Next we have Kutaiber. Can you please introduce yourselves. Yeah, sure. This is Kutaiber working at the Doctor of the Works organization based on Turkey. I'm Syrian and I'm working in Syrian program. So now we develop in developing customization details for our healthcare system in Syria. So I believe this training will be useful for me. Thank you all for this. Thank you. Next we have Lebanon Bashir. Please introduce yourself. Hello everyone. My name is Anand Bashir. I'm basically leading his Pakistan. And we are having a number of implementations going on in Pakistan regarding the DHS2. And one of them, the most important one is the TV tracker we're going to implement in Pakistan. Apart from them, that there are a number of other implementations like HMIS and IDSR implementations that we're looking for. Thank you so much. Thanks Adnan. Lebanon if you could also introduce yourself please. I'm Lebanon Bashir from Turkey. We have used the DHS2 in multiple activities and programs. Some of the prominent programs are in the collection. The other one recently landed was COVAX that we use for the registration of COVID-19 vaccination status over all the country which will give a certificate of completion to the individuals that took the vaccine. Thanks Lebanon. Next we have Mariam if you could please introduce yourself. Hello everyone. This is Mariam. I'm working as research officer at HISP Pakistan. I want to know Deepav Tracker as Adnan mentioned that we are engaged with planning programs. Thank you. Thanks madam. Next we have Mithi. Mithi, can you please introduce yourself. Hello my name is Mithi. I'm from Mithi Open. And I have a five years experience in DHS. And I'm working as a regional IT expert in Red War region. And I'm a core customization team person. And I'm working in customization of the DHS2. And we have been used the DHS system for HMIS. That means routine data entry apps can be used routinely, monthly, quarterly, as well as annually. And the other implementation that we made is a tracker program for COVID-19. Previously COVID testing has been captured using tracker program. But now we have been using for COVID vaccination. And we are still using this tracker program in our country. Thank you. Thank you. Next, you have Mithi. If you could please introduce yourself. Let me move ahead. Mr. Mohamed Jamal Al-Zadan, can you please introduce yourself. Yes, hello everyone. Thank you. My name is Mohamed Jamal. I have been working in assistant coordination unit. In E1 program as data management specialist based in Turkey. I have experience in DHS2 about five years. Now we use DHS2 in immunization program as a tracker. And we plan to use DHS2 in other program. Thank you very much. Thank you. Mio Mio Mohamed, can you please introduce yourself please. Hello, hello everyone. I'm Mio Mio Mohamed from Myanmar. And this is your hall. Specifically I'm from Matana Hall program. So I'm, but I'm a very new participant for DHS2 and this tracker application. So I hope I can learn a lot from this training and reapplying my program as well. Thank you so much. Thank you Mio Mohamed. Next you have Neha. If you could please introduce yourself. Hi everyone. I'm Neha. And I work as a project officer with Hispendia. I am mainly a part of the AMR surveillance team. And I look forward to this Academy. Thank you. Thanks Neha. Next you have Nelson. If you could please introduce yourself. Good morning everyone. My name is Nelson Magul. I am data and system manager at CCIS Mozambique. And we use the DHS2 tracker for our community activities. Thank you. Thanks Nelson. Next we have Nelani. If you could please introduce yourself. Hello everyone. I'm Nelani. I'm from Sri Lanka. I'm an MD training and health informatics. I currently work at FSB. DHS2 is being used for several programs. So I look forward to this training so that I can help them. Okay. Thank you. Me. Lisa, can you go next please? Please introduce yourself. Hello everyone. I'm Sathya Nisa working as a senior IT and app management officer in Mercy Corps Pakistan. I have 10 years of experience of MIS development and implementation in global film project for HIV. Here in Mercy Corps we are going to implement DHS2 tracker capture at GP general position level. So I look forward to learn lots of new stuff. Thank you so much. Thank you. Next we have Rati. Can you please introduce yourself? Hello. My name is Rati Shevrina. I'm from Heps Indonesia. So currently we are implementing the DHS2 tracker for malaria and then for COVID-19. Thank you. Thanks Rati. Next we have Sadia. Hello, this is Sadia Muni. And I'm from Heps Pakistan. And I'm working as a research officer here. And yeah, looking forward to the sessions to get a better understanding of DHS2 tracker program. Thank you. Thanks Sadia. Next we have Shalwa. Can you please introduce yourself? Hello. I'm Shalwa from Yama. And now we are implementing our DHS2 for malaria, TB, and EPI. And also for the hospital management. Thank you. Thank you. Next we have Sharma Kelambi. Can you please introduce yourself? Hi everyone. I'm Sharma Kelambi from Sri Lanka. I'm a medical officer working for the Ministry of Health. I have five years of experience working with DHS2 implementations and had the good pleasure of working with Dr. Pamoud. Currently I'm working for Family Health Bureau where a lot of DHS2 implementations have happened. And so I'm looking forward to learn more from this academy. Thank you. Thank you. Next we have Stephen Sani. Good morning. My name is Stephen Sani from Abidjai, Nigeria. I have experience with DHS2, both tracker and aggregate. And I'm looking to deepen my knowledge of implementation and use cases. Thank you. Thank you Stephen. Next we have Yogesh. If you could please introduce yourself. Hello everyone. This is Yogesh. I'm working with his video. This is a new representative. Looking to learn something. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you Yogesh. Next we have Zakaria Munichae. So can you please introduce yourself? I'm Munichae from Ghana. I work with Malaria control organization. And I also work with the GMI vector link that deal with control of Malaria. And I work as a deterrent assistant. I also work with the PRT currently as a research assistant. Thank you. Thank you. So yeah, I think we have covered all participants. It's really great to have such a diverse group of people with a unique implementation background for DHS2. So we hope the academy will be fruitful for all of you with a few questions of requirement and expectations. So if anyone has been left out, please feel free to add introduction in the Zoom chat. Also, there is a channel for introductions on Slack. Introduce yourselves. So please add the same description there. So that participants can get to know you and you could interact with each other to get more experience out of your implementations and the academy courses. All right. So moving forward next on the agenda, we have a quick introduction to the DHS2 platform that we'll be using for the academy. So I'll quickly share my screen and show the platforms to you once. So yeah. So Model is a knowledge management platform that we will be using across the next five days. I'll put the link in the chat box and also I'll put the links on the Slack channels for announcements so that you can access the model platform from there. In case you have attended DHS2 academies, online academies in the past, then you should have used the name and password or the account which you had created last. In case you do not have an account, then you can click on your account and fill in a quick registration form to create a new account. And we'll ensure that you get access to the TrackerUse level 1 course which is configured for your daily use and interaction with the knowledge management system. Once you successfully log in into the system, you will have the TrackerUse level 1 online Asia course. Once you click on it, you have all the information listed here. So any announcements that will be made for concerned academy will be made on Slack and will be made available here as well. For the Zoom meetings, you will have the links available for each day so you could join those meetings. So in case this list turns out to be blank, then please click on all my Zoom meetings recordings. So this will give you the link for every day moving forward. You can use the links for the TrackerUse issue. So daily you can join the meetings directly from here. The cloud recordings will be available here. So for the... And also will be posted on Slack. So you'll have access to yesterday's recording for the webinar available in the cloud recordings section. Then you have an agenda listed here so you can have a look at the agenda for each day. So this will be available for review. You... The model instructions are given here. So in case you need more help in understanding how to use model, then you have a detailed guide here for introducing... For getting introduced to model and how you can use model for your academy instructions. Next, you have your daily topics for each day. You have a section for feedback, course introductions that we're covering today. You have the sessions on TrackerData model, each day for each day the sessions are listed here. And for each section you have the components listed here, the learning objectives, the learner's guide, the recap of the session and the graded assignment. So these graded assignments have to be done on model itself. So these are automated forms where you will be asked certain questions with certain multiple choice answers which you need to select and attempt. So you... All the assignments would be submitted directly on model and then you'll have all the associated material available here. So if you want to download the presentation, you can download from here. Or you can also review the presentation which is embedded in the platform itself. So, yeah. So you have all the course item listed here. The final exam is listed here. So it will become active on day five. And for each session you have all the material available for download. So you can review that. You will have your model account active. So you can log in on the model account and review the material even after the academy. If you need more information, you want to review the presentations, the learning guides or if you want to review the recordings, those will be available. So you can refer them from here. Also the recordings will also be part of a YouTube channel. So we'll share the link of YouTube channel with you. So in future if you want to refer any of the course recordings then you can do via YouTube as well. So we will put the link to access model both on the Zoom chat and also on this Slack channel. So please ensure that you are able to log in and endow yourselves into the track use level on online Asia course. Or if you are a new user, please ensure that you create an account and endow yourselves in the level on online Asia course. In case you're not able to do it, then please let us know. The facilitators will support you to get you onboarding on model so that you access to assignments on all the course material and recordings as well. So this is about model. Then next we have an instance which has been set up specifically for the academy. The links again would be shared on the Slack channel. So you can access this for the DHS to instance, you do not need to create individual accounts. You have a generic account which is given on the landing page. So you can use that account for accessing DHS to for all graded assignments and your non-graded assignments as well. So you will have access to the programs and the dashboards. We'll run the analytics on top of it now. We just set it up. And then you will be able to answer the questions which are part of the assignments by accessing this instance. So you'll have a generic login which you can use to login into the instance and use that for all your assignments and both uncated and graded assignments. So there's no need for individual access. You can use the generic user name and password. So these are the two platforms. Then we have Slack available here for you. Just let me share my screen. So I hope all the members are now part of the Slack channel that has been created specifically for the academy. So the Slack workspace will have different channels, announcements, introduce yourselves, your questions. So any questions you have from the facilitators regarding the assignments or the course material or if you want to have any doubts, you can always put the questions here in the questions channel or you could also reach out to the facilitators through one-on-one chat through the Slack workspace. You have the announcements channel where all the daily updates will be shared. So as soon as the recordings are posted on the YouTube channel, we'll post the link for the recording so that you can access that. And after this session, we'll post the links for Moodle and DHS to Incense as well for you to access those during the course of academy. So we have shared invites to all the participants who had registered for Slack. We'll just do a quick check if anyone has been left out. In case you still don't have an email for joining Slack, please do let us know. We'll ensure that you get an invitation email to join the Slack workspace for the academy as well. Okay, so next we will quickly do an overview of the use cases that we'll be using for the academy. Just let me share my screen again. So the primary use cases for the academy that we're going to use for the next five days would be COVID-19 digital packages which were developed for data collection for the COVID-19 use cases such as case-based surveillance and COVID-19 vaccination. And we'll also be using some examples during our presentations on the national disease programs for HIV-TB and malaria. So the examples would be different so that the reason we're using different examples is to kind of give you a context on how the same functionalities can be applied to different health programs other than COVID-19 based programs which would be your programs or your all assignments. But in the course of the sessions we'll cover different health programs as well to give you overall knowledge of the use of DHS over different health programs. So during the pandemic when the pandemic started rapid work was carried out to make DHS to support the COVID-19 data collection. So a lot of packages were designed in collaboration with the World Health Organization headquarters in Geneva. So depending upon the available DHS to models and the way COVID-19 data was being collected these packages were defined for daily reporting which is aggregate for outbreak line listing which was based on the events model. And then within the tracker program there were three programs designed at the beginning which were photo-friendly screening and follow-up contact tracing and case-based surveillance and laboratory results management. When the vaccination started in different countries then the vaccination industry package was also defined. So we will have vaccination registry and case-based surveillance and laboratory results management of COVID-19 as the main programs for the academy and contact tracing would be used as a support program. And so all the assignments that you'll do would be based on these two programs specifically while the examples would be varied depending upon the topics which we'll cover on each day. So the case-based surveillance work flow that has been implemented in the COVID-19 case surveillance program is quickly shown here. So the idea is that the patient visits the health facility and is screened for COVID-19. If the person is COVID positive and needs hospitalization or isolation then he receives the treatment and details are filled in the case reporting form. In case the person is sent for home isolation then also the details are filled in the case reporting form. In case it's still a suspected case and requires lab investigation then a lab request is made to confirm that specific case and lab results are used to determine if the case is a confirmed case. In case lab results come out as positive then again the details are filled in the case reporting form and a follow-up is conducted where the health outcomes are reported for the specific case as not recovered or recovered of death. In case the case required hospitalization then the details of hospitalization are also stored in case it was not required the hospitalization was not required then a follow-up is done to ensure that the person has tested negative after the virus cycle gets over. In case the patient got discharged from the hospital then the details are stored for discharge as well. This is the sample workflow based on which the COVID case surveillance program was designed. There is a support document available for system design for COVID-19 case surveillance and contact tracing. You could refer this. The link is embedded below. This is the reference document to describe the overall system design on how these packages are implemented and what considerations were made while designing these COVID-19 data collection packages. Then in terms of converting the workflow into a DHIS2 data model the first step was enrollment of the case into the COVID-19 case surveillance program where the enrollment started with collection of collection of key attributes or patients demographic information such as case ID data about sex and the data for symptoms and when the patient was enrolled at the health facility. Stage 1 includes the examination of the patient to get all the clinical details and the diagnosis. All the sign-in symptoms that the patient reported were made note of if the patient was female and was pregnant then those details are carried out. If the patient has had any past history of diseases then a predefined list of diseases available to select from. If the patient needed in hospitalization then that was also added. There were sections related to identifying the risk of exposure on how the probable exposure might have happened either through travel or the case may be a healthcare worker who got exposed from an existing COVID-19 patient and then if the patient had traveled recently then the travel history is also collected in terms of to which countries or locally has the person traveled to get the travel history details as well. In case the person needs a lab investigation then a lab request stage is available where we give the reason for testing for COVID-19 we collect the specimen details and the test request details which are reported as the lab results stage and as the test results which come out of the lab request. So both stage 2 and stage 3 are repeatable program stages. So you may have an entry test you may have a test at the exit so you can create these tests multiple times the lab request and lab result stage. Health outcome will capture details of the outcome of the patient and the contact summary in terms of how many contacts were traced for this respective individual and what was the health outcome of this specific index case. The port program which was used was COVID-19 contact registration follow-up so for each confirmed positive case the potential contacts where the information was taken from the case and they were contacted and followed up and they were registered in the COVID-19 contact registration follow-up program and in case these contacts which were listed out tested positive they were again enrolled into the case surveillance program. So the contacts were feeding in new cases into the case surveillance program because if they tested positive after getting exposed to COVID-19 from the respective index case. So this was an overview of how the COVID-19 case-based surveillance program has been designed within DHS-2 for collecting data right from the involvement to the patient's exit and then also keeping a track of the contacts that the patient might have come across and may have exposed the contacts to COVID-19 as well. For contact registration and follow-up work if the patient who visited the health facility in the previous scenario is identified as a COVID-19 case then all the the clinical diagnosis and all information is collected in the previous program and the additional point of entry that if the patient is identified at the port of entry so there was another program which was defined for port of entry screening so a person might be identified for suspected COVID case at the port of entry at the airports at the seaports on the road borders so they would also be then identified as suspected COVID-19 cases. So from these patients who are already identified as COVID positive the data for all contacts was collected and registered and then these contacts were followed up for signs and symptoms and if they on follow-ups it was found that these people had also started showing symptoms of COVID-19 then the contacts were supposed to attend the COVID-19 health facilities and then they were also made part of the COVID case surveillance program if the contact was not identified as a potential COVID-19 case then the contact was cleared so for each contact the status could be maintained for identified as COVID positive or identified as a non-COVID case and then they could be given the exit from the program or they could be enrolled into the case surveillance program which will request for laboratories and their outcomes can also be reported as part of the COVID case surveillance program so the workflow in DHIS2 was the enrollment the enrollment was happening in the contact registration program where we were again capturing the contact case ID, data worth, sex and all demographic information which was required each one was the follow-up stage where we were adding the relationship of the patient of the contact with the index case so a relationship was established between the two programs, COVID case surveillance and COVID contact registration follow-up and the index case and the contacts were associated with the index case through which they were identified and exposure assessment was carried out to determine the current sign-in symptoms that they have and then how they, how they're related to the index case at the part of the family or they were traveling together and then stage 2 is symptoms for noting down the clinical sign-in symptoms on repeated follow-ups so that they, it's a repeatable nature so you could do multiple follow-ups at 7 days at 14 days to ensure that the patient has COVID-19 symptoms or not or if it's a non-COVID case then of course it could be cleared at the exit, okay in terms of the vaccination since the vaccination was based on the person visiting of course one being part of the eligible population for getting the COVID-19 vaccination so the person attends a vaccination session at a health facility for their first or second dose the clinician will register the person if the person has not visited before or they will carry out a search for that person through the demographic information before giving the vaccination section was also there on underlying conditions to understand the past medical history of the patient there was a set of pre immunization questions related to previous COVID-19 exposure to analyze if there are any contraindications to COVID-19 vaccines and if everything was fine in nine then the clinician proceeds to vaccinate and register the dose in case adverse effects were reported during the observation time with the patient then a note of the adverse event following the immunizations were also made and once the first dose is given the clinician can schedule the stage for next dose depending on the vaccine on what is the duration between the two doses which was applicable as for the vaccine given there's also support document available for the tracker system designed for COVID-19 immunization so this could be referred for more information how the work was converted into a DHR2 model so that we see on this side as well so it started with enrollment where you had collected details of the onset of symptoms, case attributes etc now if the patient was if you were using the same instance for COVID case of violence and COVID vaccination person had had a case of COVID-19 before they don't need to register that person you can just search the person using valid attributes valid identifiable information attributes and then can enroll that person into the COVID-19 vaccination program or if you're using a completely different instance for COVID-19 vaccination then that person could be enrolled to search depending upon their availability of their record in the system. So vaccination was made as a repeatable stage in the first instance in the first stage we after enrollment we were asking underline conditions and we had some pre-immunization questions which were hidden in the second instance when those two was given and then their vaccination AFI details which are available for collection for the patient so when we'll be doing the demonstration sessions for web and android we'll be covering these two programs in detail and we'll be using these programs as a base examples for all the demonstrations and all the exercises and then we'll be discussing the concepts we'll be discussing the concepts for these for other use cases as well so the full description documentation of the COVID-19 packages the link is embedded here and there are YouTube videos for COVID-19 surveillance and vaccination use cases you could refer them and get a great understanding of how these modules were developed and were implemented in DHIS2 and then how the support was provided to different countries for implementation of these programs in real use case scenarios so this was an overview of the resources the use cases that we'll be using across the academy next week we have a quick session on COP let me check if Gassan is available alright so we don't have Gassan on the call at residence maybe I can quickly give an overview of the the community of practice and the community badges as well so the DHIS2 community of practice is a platform where the community members and the participants can interact with the community and the co-developers and the implementation the members are the University of Oslo so the the platform allows you to write different questions and information which is needed for your current implementation so you see here that there are different topics or different issues that have been reported by different users and responses have been provided by either the community of practice coordinator or any of the users from the implementation partners from the HIST groups or the community users who have experienced similar issues in the past and have been able to report it for example if you see here the user has reported some performance issues after upgrading to the latest release of version 2.37 so we have the chain here where Gassan is trying to resolve the issues at level 1 and then he can also refer the the issue to the core development team and they would also join the discussion in trying to resolve the issues which are reported by the respective individual so not only the tool is being used as a communication platform for the HIST2 related issues but all the announcements all the new use cases for which the HIST2 is being used are published frequently so if you are not a member of the HIST2 government practice we urge you to please sign up using the form available here we will also post link of the community of practice of the Slack channel and announcements so if you are not already a part of the HIST2 government practice please ensure you create an account for yourselves and put your questions or your comments or suggestions here definitely someone will address those questions and ensure that you have the right response available for your issues and your future requests as well so during the course of the academy we have some community badges as most helpful and most supportive participants so depending upon how you interact in the course of the academy you will be handed over these badges as a incentive for your active participation across the academy so we will have we will remind you of these COP badges which will be up for grabs for the participants to get these badges and get to recognize in the community as active participants in the DHIS2 academies so this was about the COP alright so I already introduced you to Slack so I see in the chat box some of you might not have the access to it but we will check if an email has been sent out to you if not then we will send an email you will get an invitation on the email and that could be used for for joining Slack so we will work on that so that was the end of information that I had to share for onboarding you on to the course and introducing you to the different platforms that we will be using Model Slack and DHIS2 I will in the meanwhile Pamod covers the next topic I will put all the links on the announcements channel on the Slack please ensure that you are able to log in into the Model Account and you are able to access the DHIS2 incident as well in case any questions please feel free to write the concerns in the questions channel on the Slack workplace and we will address those questions at the earliest possible so what do you Pamod you can continue with the session please right sir I think probably we can take a small break now that we have kind of continued the session for like one and half hours sure you can please based on I think your assessment just see how much time do you take probably I think shall we take a break of like 10 minutes everyone so right now the time should be close to 2pm Indian standard time so probably at 2.10 I think we can start the session the next session actually that's the last one for the day yep right so hope to see you all in like 10 minutes
|
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UC-mConRSkyYyFrvMH3zQNMQ
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relaxing night routine 2023!
|
fall afternoon routine 2023
#ad relaxing night routine! Fall 2023
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About Kenzie Elizabeth:
Hi everyone! I’m Kenzie, a 26 year old lifestyle vlogger & podcast host from Dallas, TX! Here you'll find vlogs, cooking videos, GRWMs, book recs, product favorites, fitness vlogs, wellness and morer. Be sure to subscribe so you don’t miss out on any new videos! ILYSM!
relaxing night routine 2023!
https://youtu.be/y2-aeOKi4y8
Kenzie Elizabeth
https://www.youtube.com/UC-mConRSkyYyFrvMH3zQNMQ
|
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"kenzie elizabeth boyfriend",
"kenzie elizabeth driving",
"kenzie elizabeth dog",
"Kenzie Elizabeth",
"vlogs",
"kenzie",
"routines"
] | 2023-12-15T18:01:31 | 2024-02-05T20:50:11 | 485 |
y2-aeOKi4y8
|
I'm having a relaxing night routine, I cannot be bothered to leave my home or cook. So I'm ordering some face masks and dinner on DoorDash. Thank you to DoorDash Rewards Mastercard for sponsoring this video. As many of you know, I'm a huge DoorDash fan, I've had DashPass for years now. So I decided it was time for me to apply for the DoorDash Rewards Mastercard. Now I can earn cash back on my DoorDash orders and every other purchase I make with my card plus a complimentary DashPass for the first year as a new card member. This card comes with so many benefits and makes everyday convenience so much more rewarding. I also love DoorDash because you can order it more than just food. For example, makeup, skincare, flowers and groceries etc. I'm ordering both my makeup order and dinner through DoorDash tonight. So with the DoorDash Rewards Mastercard you can earn cash back on every purchase made on or off the DoorDash app like earning 4% cash back on DoorDash orders for more than hundreds of thousands of merchants on the DoorDash app, 3% cash back on dining when purchased directly from a restaurant, 2% cash back on grocery stores, online or in-store and 1% cash back on all other purchases. I use DoorDash all the time so it's just the right card for me. Not to mention ordering dinner gives me the chance to explore Dash or try new things on the menu that I wouldn't normally. I'm getting something from one of my favorite restaurants on the trending tab right now. Check out the link to learn more in my caption below. I'm about to take a very relaxing bath with just some nice little a-leg bath salts. I'm taking like an everything shower essentially but I'm not washing my hair because I'm still working on my hair health and I'm trying to have it grow naturally and only wash it once a week which is hard but tomorrow is Thursday which means it's Hapalates which means it's a half day anyways so it's kind of like ideal and then I'm gonna get a blowout on Friday morning but I'm gonna pull my hair up a little bit. I love since moving into this house months ago. I just really love my bathroom and this huge massive bathtub like it is so amazing and then I have a TV obviously right there so I will just sit in my tub and like watch podcast YouTube videos or like whatever it is while my hair could definitely look better but it's gonna be okay um and I just relax because that's like my me time that's how I really unplug get away from the children aka my dogs um and then I put on my pajamas so early I don't know if I'm alone in this but I will put my pajamas on like if I get home at 3 p.m. like I will the second that I'm home I have to change I cannot wear like real life clothes in my house I refuse I also like can't take my hair seriously like I saw them redoing it but yeah the second that I can put on maybe not pajamas but like sweats they're on you know comment below at what point in the day you put on your pajamas or if you even wear pajamas like I'm such a matching pajamas that girl but I know most people probably just wear like sweats which I get so I'm in my pajamas and it is 5 23 p.m. um I know no one is surprised like this is what I live at this is what I want to be wearing every single second of every single day having my slippers and I have turned my ac all the way down so that I can wear my big fluffy robe and just pretend that it's very very cold out right now but like I am living my best life this is me right now a dream here I am as cozy as can be my orders have arrived here's my dinner it smells so good I stocked up on some of these makeup products that I needed I have these eye mask on and they feel so good they smell amazing okay so here's what I have for dinner it smells so good there's just like nothing better than this kind of food on a lazy like relaxing night this is heaven to me this is peace I need to self tan my face you know I could just sit on my living room floor and watch podcasts and eat this food for the rest of my life and I might be happy honestly um so the rest of the night I really just want to chill I don't want to do much I'm thinking I'll read there's new it's a Wednesday night right now and new podcast probably sounds like I talk about watching podcasts on this video I don't know um so I like to just you know be in the know keep up um these are always my solo nights like Wednesday nights I always stay home um and I just relax and so I'll probably be watching that stuff and reading um some books I've been I did listen I'm not proud of this I lowered my reading goal for the year it was 75 and then I made it 60 last year it was 60 the year before that was 100 and I hit those but then I and I went like way over 60 I'm pretty sure maybe I did it last year and I made it 75 but then like my life has been changing lately like I've had a lot of things happening and I was like so behind on the book goal and I was like this is making me not even like enjoy reading because I'm like making this a little bit too intense so 60 is still enough everyone I'm sorry I'm sorry I wasn't gonna address it I don't know why I just came over me so I had to share it with you guys so you wouldn't think that I was a liar but I did make it 60 instead of 75 60 is still a lot of books so who cares even if it was 20 you know I'm an enneagram 3 so if you guys never do I'm an enneagram 3 Leo ENFJ extrovert leader whatever that one is so it's kind of hard for me but I I thought this was like a good exercise and being like enough is enough it is face mask time this is one of my faves here we go okay so you put this basically hyaluronic acid on and then you put the sheet mask on oh well whoa perfect okay so I'm gonna get a little bit of work done for like five minutes I just need to finish up the finger teal it looks like I don't have eyebrows but that's okay it's officially 7 p.m. which means it's time to move into my room put the lamp on we go just make the room cozy seven this is when I start to watch my podcast for like the next hour before I start to read my life is very well like this is what I love to do um and I one thing about me I love an early bedtime and I also love not leaving my house I'm truly a homeboy mean cocoa I've been in bed reading it's like 10 30 and I'm gonna go to bed I hope you guys enjoyed my relaxing night routine um thank you to door dash for sponsoring this video love you guys so much and I will see you my next video bye
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UC4R1IsRVKs_qlWKTm9pT82Q
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Hiroshi MATANO - Soliton resolution for the critical nonlinear heat equation
|
[
"IHES",
"SCIENCE",
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] | 2016-07-30T21:08:53 | 2024-02-05T08:46:50 | 3,343 |
Y23ajNRnJ0k
|
Thank you very much. So it is my great pleasure and honor to have a chance to speak in this very, very exciting workshop or a special program on summer school. And I would like to thank the organizers, Professor Frank Mell, Yvonne Maltel and other organizers for the invitation. And probably I am one of the very few speakers who will talk on parabolic equation in this workshop. However, the result I obtained, this is a joint work with Frank Mell, has a much reminiscent, it's quite reminiscent to what Frank Mell and other people, Kenick and other people are working on nonlinear wave equation. And the results have much similarity despite the difference of the type of equations. And the structure, critical structure, the two equations share the critical structure despite the difference, a lot of difference in the nature, other nature. But this critical structure is so strong that very similar results are obtained for this type of equation. So this is why I wanted to report this result in this workshop, this summer school, I mean. So the goal is to establish a multi-scale resolution of radial solutions. I am just talking about the radially symmetric solutions of the critical heat equation into rescaled ground states, which we may call solitons. In the same spirit of the paper, I'm sorry I cannot pronounce this name well, although I have met him before, but Kenick and Mell of 2013. Their further development in this theory, they worked also on non-radial case, but my talk today is very, very similar in some sense in its spirit to their work. So there is a striking similarity between the two results. So as I said, this is joint work with Frank Mell, and I can call it a parabolic analog of their result, DKW 2013. Short line of the talk is the following. I will make an introduction first just to give a brief review of what is known about nonlinear heat equations rather than wave equations or Schrodinger equations. Although there are many people in the audience who are familiar with these kind of things, but just in case, let me make a quick review, and then I will talk about the main results, and then I will briefly explain the idea of the proof. But the idea of the proof, I will use the blackboard. So let me start with this nonlinear heat equation. This is a power nonlinearity. Ute equals Laplace and U plus U to the power p equals 0, and the solution you can change sign. And I consider a Cauchy program on Rm, and initial data U0 belongs to the energy space. Anyway, the first assumption is that p is the sub-left critical exponent, p equals pS, which is this quantity, and the dimension n is larger than or equal to 3, and I only concentrate on radially symmetric solutions. Still, the analysis of nonlinear solutions is quite difficult, but the result I present here would give some hint for further properties of possibly nonlinear solutions. And then I will assume that the initial data is h1 dot of Rn, so the gradient of U is in L2. But I don't need necessarily, sometimes I may have to make some technical assumption such as U0 being in L2, but in most cases I would like to avoid it. And then, okay, this is, as usual, the norm of h1 dot. And then it is known by the usual parable estimates that if you are given an initial data in h1 dot, then immediately the solution becomes classical in some sense. It belongs to, it's bounded, and it belongs to this space. And also it is known that it is known that if t is the maximum time of existence, if t is finite, then it means that the elevator norm goes to infinity and so does h2 dot norm. But not necessarily h1 dot norm. There are cases where the solution blows up, but h1 dot norm may stay bounded. So hereafter we assume that U0 is bounded, and there is no loss of generality because if the solution will always become bounded immediately. Then I call this finite time blow up. And it is well known, okay, for people here in the audience, most of the people are more experts than myself about this kind of scaling variance. But just in case, let me just make a brief overview of what, of the properties of this critical nonlinear heat equation. So if U is a solution of this equation, then U lambda of xt, which is defined by this function, it's just a rescaling of U, is again a solution. This is just a simple computation, and it doesn't depend on the choice of p. For any p, this is true. And if v is a solution, depending on only on x, then v lambda, which is defined by this, also a solution of this stationary problem. And for the case where p is equal to the sub-left critical exponent, if g lambda, I denote by g lambda this rescaling of g, and then, okay, this 2 over p minus 1 is equal to n minus 2 over 2. And then the h1 norm and the l2 star norm is preserved where 2 star is defined by this. And this is a typical feature of critical nonlinearity. And this identity, in some sense, defines the nature of this problem. And the critical case is distinctly different from the sub-critical and the supercritical problem, as many people in this audience well know very well. Then the energy of this problem, this equation is defined by this for the critical case. And because of this invariance, the energy remains invariant under this transformation. And it is also well known that the time derivative of the energy is this, and therefore it is non-negative. So it is a Lyapunov function. So in particular, if the energy is known to be bounded from below, you can show that the solution approaches a set of equilibrium, set of steady states. Now, what is known about the stationary solutions for this problem? Again, most of the people in the audience are real experts of this problem, but just in case, let me make a brief quick review. So for the critical case, all the solution of this problem is written, all the radial solution of this problem is written in this form and where q is given by this function explicitly. So this equation, this state, elliptic equation has a solution on the entire space for p critical or supercritical, but for the critical case, it is explicit. And there is also a singular stationary solution, which is given by this, for p larger than certain subcritical value, there is such a solution. And this plays a very important role for the analysis of blow up, for example, but not only for blow up, for the analysis of the soliton resolution, this singular stationary solution plays an important role. And this singular stationary solution decays with this rate, precisely, it's just a power of r. While q of x, since we have r squared here, it decays faster. Again, this is a typical feature of the critical case. The stationary solution for this problem for supercritical p decays with the same order as the singular stationary solution, it is exactly this order. Only for p equals p s, it decays faster. And also, another important thing is that this is what I said. Another important thing is that the intersection number, okay z here denotes the zero number. So it gives the intersection between the two graphs. So for any lambda, the intersection of the graph of q lambda and phi star, which is the singular stationary solution is always two. To check it, all you need to do is to check it for lambda equals one, because all others are the same, because phi star is invariant under this transformation, this rescaling. So if you check it for lambda equals one, it is clear. But this property can also be understood by converting this problem into ODE and by changing the variable, which I may mention later why this is true. It is very, very clear from the phase plane analysis. And also, it is very, very important that for any two values of lambda and the mu, for different values of lambda and the mu, the two stationary solutions intersect only once as a function of r. So this part and this part is symmetric. So let's just consider r positive. And then the intersection number equals one. This is again very important in our analysis. And then I have also, I have to make a brief review of what is known about the blow up of solutions for this nonlinear heat equation. And it is already explained, for example, in the lecture of Professor Kenick, but also other people. Type one blow up is such that the solution blows up at time capital T, where T is a finite number, but this is bounded. This quantity remains bounded. And type two blow up is such that this quantity is unbounded. And it turns out that if it is bounded, then you can show that the solution, this quantity blows up with the same rate as this one. So it converges more or less to some constant. And the sharp estimate of this for the subcritical case, for example, was proved by Neyland-Zag, for example. And but there are many other results even for the supercritical case. But type, okay, this is the same blow up rate as the ODE. U dot equals U to the power P. And also it is the same blow up rate for the self-similar solution, self-similar blow up solution, if such a thing exists. But for the type two blow up, to determine the blow up rate is much harder. It is rather complicated. And it requires much involved analysis in general. And for the critical case, type one implies that H1 dot norm, so the L2 norm of the gradient of U goes to infinity. This you can show. And type two blow up almost implies that this remains bounded. Almost. We could not exclude some pathological cases. There might be some pathological counter example to this, which we could not completely exclude. But in most cases, type two implies this one. So in some sense, one can call this type one blow up, fat blow up profile. It has a fat blow up profile because it goes to infinity. While this profile, local profile, the singularity is slim because this is finite. So this is another way to characterize type one and type two blow up. And about the blow up rate, whether type one exists or not, type two exists or not, type one always exists. For example, ODE solution is of course type one. But the question is whether type two blow up can exist or not for the non-linear heat equation. And it was, there is an early study by Gigant Kohn and later Gigant Matsui Sasayama for the entire space, Gigant Kohn for the star-shaped domain and also for the positive solution on the entire space. And later they studied the sign-changing solution for the entire space in 2004. They proved that in the subcritical case, only type one blow up can occur. And this result doesn't depend on the radial symmetry assumption. It is true for any solution without symmetry. And in the supercritical case, much less is known, but it is somewhat understood that situation changes. There are some other critical exponents above the subcritical exponent. There is one called Joseph Rundgren exponent, this, which is finite only for n larger than or equal to 11. But for at least radial solutions, in this lower range of supercritical p, only type one blow up occurs. And there are more recent studies by some other people also on non-rider cases. So this was proved by Frank and me in 2004 for the rider case. While in the upper supercritical range, where p is bigger than Joseph Rundgren exponent, type two blow up can really occur. And this was first approved by Herod and Velazquez in their unpublished paper, long paper, by using much asymptotic expansion. And Mizouuchi simplified the proof, but basically she followed the argument, but somewhat simplified it. And there are also other methods different from much asymptotic expansion, but these are the early work on the existence of type two blow up in this range. Now for the critical case, critical case remained a little subtler. If u is positive, it is not difficult to show that only type one blow up can occur. And for radial case, it is true. But even for the non-rider case, one can show that for positive solutions, critical non-linearity is not a big problem for positive solutions. It is just an easy extension of the subcritical case in some sense, if you assume that u is positive. Difficulty appears only when u changes sign, then the problem becomes much, much more difficult. So for positive solutions, only type one blow up occurs. But type two blow up can occur for sign-changing solutions. This was proved rigorously by Schveier in 2012 for n equals four. And I heard that, okay, four, in Herero Velázquez's result, the reason it was never published is that the paper was more than 100 pages long. And the journal not refused, but asked them to write a book on that, and they refused it. And then very recently, I heard also that they had also some formal expansion, a sympathetic expansion for the critical case already 20 years ago, but it was 200 pages long. And again, they didn't even care even to circulate the preprint. But Schveier's result is rigorous. It is probably 70 pages long. However, it relies heavily on earlier work of Rafael or Manuel. So if you include all those, it may be 150 pages long or something. Anyway, the critical case is very, very difficult. But he proved it, but for dimension four. However, very recent result, which can be very important, appeared on archive. If the dimension is larger than or equal to seven, and if the initial data is very close to Q, Q is the ground state in each one sense, then there is no type two blow up from such initial data. And this is of extreme importance actually for our work, for my work with Frank, which I may mention briefly later. So this is a really important result. And the assumption is such that initial data is very close to Q. And whether this is true, no type two for any initial data even far from Q or not is not completely known. However, combining our analysis, it may be true for more general initial data as at least for radial case, for dimension larger than or equal to seven. So in that case, if that is the case, then the type two blow up for sign changing solutions for the critical heat equation can occur only for dimensions four, five or six. How about three? Also three, okay. Okay. And then I have to also make a brief review of what people studied for blow up problem using the rescale equation. So it is actually standard, similar rescaling. And then this rescale solution in this new variable satisfies this rescale equation. And it was used heavily in the paper of Giga and Com in 1985, 87, 89. And they managed to using this analysis, they managed to show that for the subcritical case, the blow up rate is always type one. And what they showed is that the solution, okay, type one, the blow up being type one is equivalent to saying that W remains bounded as s tends to infinity. By the way, the blow up time, which is small t equals capital T is converted to s equals infinity. So you have infinitely long time to observe the blow up phenomena with this rescaling. And therefore, for example, dynamical systems argument can also be used because we have infinitely long time with this change of variable. And type two is by definition W is unbounded because we are multiplying this. So it is exactly the definition of type one and type two blow up. So the question is, for example, what Giga and Com showed is that for the subcritical problem W is always bounded. And therefore, and this has a weighted energy. And therefore, it converts to some steady state. And steady states are either just zero or some constant, which is the zero of this function, which I will call kappa. So Giga and Com showed that solution always approach either zero or plus or minus kappa by using the energy, which is this. This is a weighted energy, where rho is this exponential function. And this analysis turned out to be very, very useful also for the supercritical problem, but also for the critical problem to some extent. And one can show that at least for the radial solution, we have this general point-wise estimate for any solution. Any solution of this satisfies this general point-wise estimate, which I proved with Frank in my paper in 2004. But it was known, at least for positive solutions before. But it is true also for sign-changing solutions. Any solution satisfies this. And even for supercritical nonlinearity or critical nonlinearity. And combining these two, one can show that w, so this is a diapno function. And locally, it is bounded in the y-space locally, away from the origin. So away from the origin, using this diapno function energy, one can show that limit exists, at least for sequences. But for the radial case, one can show that without taking a sequence, the limit really exists. So this limit function, w star of y, which I would call local blow-up profile, characterized the nature of the blow-up very well in some sense. And what is known about the local profile? So the global profile is just a function in the original variable u of xt. And as t tends to capital T, this limit exists because it's a finite time. And away from the blow-up set, the solution is smooth. And the blow-up point doesn't oscillate. One can show. And therefore, outside of the blow-up set, this limit exists. And local profile is what I just mentioned in my previous slide. So this is this function. This is a limit of the solution after this rescaling. And this w star satisfies this equation. And in the subcritical case, w blows up. Okay, w star is either plus or minus kappa, or w star is equal to zero. And Gigant-Corn shows that if it blows up, it is always either plus kappa or minus kappa. And w star being equal to zero implies that there is no blow-up. The solution u is bounded. In the supercritical case, the situation is slightly different because type 2 blow-up can occur. And w star being nonzero and bounded is equivalent to the blow-up being type 1. And we proved in the paper in 2009 that type 2 blow-up, the blow-up is type 2 if and only if the w star is the singular steady state, singular stationary solution. And w star equals zero implies no blow-up. So this part is the same as the subcritical case. But the situation is completely different in the critical case. In the critical case, okay, type w star equals plus minus k, almost implies type 1 blow-up. There might be some pathological cases which we couldn't exclude, but in all cases which we have seen, this implies type 1. The converse is always true. Type 1 blow-up implies w star equals plus minus k, kappa. Then w star equals zero, no longer means no blow-up. W star equals zero in the critical case means either type 2 blow-up or no blow-up. So this is a big difference between both the subcritical and supercritical case. And we are looking at this situation in the critical case. So the main result is the following. Let me, so far, so much for the, okay, I think I have to hurry a little bit, and so much for the normal results. So this is our result. First, about the classification of general behaviors of the solution. So it is a solid-tone resolution for time-global solution. This is theorem one. So assume that solution is global, time-global, and then, okay, we needed some technical assumptions depending on the dimension, but let's not go into the technical details. We wanted to just remove all these technical assumptions, but unfortunately we had to add some technical assumptions. Then this h1.norm remains bounded automatically if it is global. And either of the following alternatives hold. Either this h1.norm goes to zero, so the solution goes to zero in the energy space. Or u converges to more or less approach the sum of such functions. What is this? Q lambda, by the way, is the rescaled ground state. And they are all radially symmetric, but the rescaling factor is so different. Between the neighboring ground state, rescaled ground state, rescaling ratio goes to infinity. Which means that this is one rescaled ground state. Another looks like this. They are all solutions of the steady state of the original problem. And another may look like this, very flat. Because this goes to infinity, the interaction goes to zero. So they are totally independent in some sense. So, okay, they don't travel like a soliton in K-V equation in a real actual space, but they are floating in a parameter space. And moreover, the outermost soliton, this ratio, lambda m is more or less, it shows the position of the soliton in some sense. The ratio between this and square root of T goes to zero, which means that it doesn't expand as fast as the self-similar rate. So it cannot move so fast, even the outermost one. This is also very, very important. And this follows from our lemma, which we call semi-localization lemma, which confines the energy, the energy, initial data energy is like this, then here there is almost no energy. We were able to show that the energy cannot penetrate through this wall, any wall away from origin, by using some combination, some estimate. And using that, we can prove that. So, lambda j expands slower than the self-similar rate. The next one is the following, theorem to soliton resolution for blow-up solutions. And the assumption is that first, it is a blow-up solution. And moreover, we assume that the local profile is not equal to plus minus kappa. This is the only assumption we make for the blow-up solution. And so, it almost means that the blow-up, it is almost equivalent to saying that the blow-up is type 2. Definitely, this means that the blow-up is type 2. Then W star is actually equal to zero. And this is the global profile minus soliton. So, you consist of solitons, and all this Wm goes to zero very, very fast, because this goes to zero and it goes faster than this one. So, lambda j concentrates faster than the self-similar rate. Oops. Like this. And this never happens in the supercritical case. This is not possible in the supercritical case because of the no-needle lemma, which we proved for supercritical problem in 2009. And in the supercritical case, if the needle becomes thinner and thinner, the energy becomes smaller. And then there is no way for the solution to go farther. But in the critical case, even if it is squeezed, the energy remains the same, and therefore this kind of thin needle can appear. And this is what it says. And then about the existence of multiple solitons is the following. It is an ongoing work, and our claim is the following. If n is larger than or equal to 7, there exists a time-global solution with two solitons. More precisely, there exists a solution, u over xt with time-global solution, such that this minus this goes to zero. For some lambda 1 and lambda 2, satisfying this condition and this condition. And we have more or less proved it, but we are making some final check of all the argument, but basically it is done, but I still call it a claim. But this work, okay, this result heavily relies on an argument, which is a modified version of the result of colloid canic mel. Okay, sorry, sorry, Melnafiel. I'm sorry, Melnafiel. Melnafiel, okay, Melnafiel. And so this is a, but still ongoing work. So I wanted to explain the idea on the blackboard, but I seem to have almost used up my time. I'm sorry. But let me just mention that the proof is based on the combination of certain energy method and the intersection number argument, zero number principle for 1D palavatic equation. And let me just say just very, very quickly how one can prove soliton resolution for the time global solution. For example, the argument for the blow up solution is slightly different, but similar. And it is a function of R. And there is a, we prove the first energy semi-localization. This is done by some energy estimate. We just put some wall here and just calculate how much energy will penetrate through this wall. And if this is quite far away, not much will penetrate. It's very, very small, which means that energy which moves with the square root of T, this moving wall, so it can be arbitrarily small. And therefore, one can show that the energy is confined in a region which is small order of square root of T. And this is one thing. And then what we will show is that to use the intersection number argument we looked at the intersection of the solution with a singular steady state. And we do the rescaling. We normalize it so that it comes to the position at R equals 1, for example. And we do the rescaling limit, take the rescaling limit. In order for the rescaling limit to be possible, we use the fact that EU of T is always positive. Therefore, this is finite. And this quantity, after rescaling, remains the same. And therefore, one can show that this is finite. But it doesn't mean that this is bounded. Energy being positive doesn't mean that the solution is bounded. It's not automatic. So we need further steps. So all one can do first is that any solution satisfies this bound. And therefore, locally away from the origin, one can show that the solution converges to a steady state because of this energy is positive because this is bounded. But all one can say is that the limit function converges to something which is a solution of this in Rn minus the origin. So it may have similarities. So the next task is to show that it doesn't have a similarity at the origin. How do we do that? In order to do that, we look at all the solutions of this problem outside of the origin. It turns out that if you look at this quantity and use z equals log R, the equation, if I call it v, equation is converted into this simple form. And this is a Hamiltonian system. And if you look at its phase plane, it looks like this. These two solutions correspond to phi star, a singular steady state and minus phi star because a singular steady state after multiplying this is a constant. And our q, grand state, is the homoclinic orbit. And all other solutions intersect with phi star infinitely many times because it goes around infinitely many times. But one can show that our solution, the limit, cannot intersect with phi star infinitely many times because intersection number doesn't increase. I think my time is over but what I wanted to say is that we make several steps based on this kind of intersection number argument. But one can, of course, if you are a very skillful in energy estimate, you can also prove the boundaries of this by using just energy argument. But then the analysis will be much more involved. The combination of this intersection number argument and the energy estimate make the argument much lighter, although it applies only to radial solutions. But at least this kind of argument gives some insight into what's going on, at least for the radial problems. I think I should stop here and ask this in the summary. But open question is are there multiple solutions in this range for this dimension? This is not clear. How fast does the ratio tends to infinity and how about the non-radial case? Okay, I think I should stop here and thank you very much for your attention. I'd just like to clarify something in the statement of your theorem, especially theorem 2. You mentioned this thing called a local profile W star. And you said that if W star is not equals plus minus kappa, then you've got this sort of complexion. So I'm just wondering is when you say W star not equals this, does that mean that it's not a constant function or are you evaluating it as origin or what? Is W star a constant function? So W equation has three constants of steady state. And if and every type one solution converges to plus minus k, because Giga and Korn already proved that even including the critical case, even without a rather symmetry, the only bounded steady state are these solutions. And if it converges to this, definitely h1 dot norm is infinite. And there is no way that you can compose it into finite sum of solitons, because each soliton has finite energy. And therefore, this is excluded. This should be excluded to have our resolution result. But this is the only assumption. If it is not k, automatically it goes to zero and there is a high concentration like this. All the solitons are concentrated. If they are more than one, everything is concentrated. And it is in Y variable. Even if you look at it in a zoomed cell similar coordinate, it will be highly concentrated, every soliton near the blow-up point. And you can also show that there is no soliton between the Y variable and the X variable. In between, there is no possibility. Everything will be concentrated faster than the cell similar scale. Do you know what are the stable regimes for this equation? What are the stable solutions? Stable, as a matter of fact, type 2 solution lies on a threshold in some sense. And usually, if you part of it a little bit, then it will blow up in a type 1 regime. And type 1 regime is usually stable. So it is on the threshold. But of course, to understand the threshold phenomena is also very important, even though it is not stable under arbitrary perturbations. So what we are looking at is, in some sense, a very delicate phenomenon. Otherwise, the solution will either go to zeros and the energy just disappears, or it will blow up to infinity. And is this rigorous? What you just said? To some extent, it is rigorous. To some extent. And the similar threshold phenomena has been studied by many other people. And in some sense, it is rigorous. I would say that. Maybe not 100%, but under some... Okay, 100%. Okay, he says 100%. Maybe I thought that 99%, but he says 100% rigorous. So that's all related to this question. So if you take all the data that leads to all this influence time bubble decouplination, so do you have any idea about this set being open, closed, or how large is this set? And the same question asked about if you have the final time blow up and all the data that leads to this bubble decouplination, how large is this set? Okay, so as I said, it's quite related as a matter of fact. And in some sense, I already answered, but maybe a little bit vaguely. So this is going to zero, global solution, but the energy goes to zero. And this is type one blow up in some sense. And global solution, and even type two blow up solutions lies on this threshold. And so we are looking at the boundary of between two regimes. And type one blow up is stable, and convergence to zero, energy or lost is also stable. Once you are very close to zero, then small perturbation cannot help you to go out. So both are stable. So it's on the peripheral. Oh, here. No, one comment I would say, you say a lot of analogy between the wave and the wind. But of course, there are differences. First, there is no scattering. So the energy goes to zero. This is by dissipation. But there is a big difference. But we prove that the bubble has to be alternated. And for the wave, it seems that they have to be the same size. Oh, this is a big difference. Okay, I forgot to mention clearly, when I showed the theorem, the bubble, neighboring bubbles, adjacent bubbles are opposite sign in the heat equation. But in the wave equation, they have the same sign. So it's a difference. Okay, so this is a big difference. Yes.
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Memoirs of Colonel John S. Mosby | John S. Mosby | Memoirs | Sound Book | English | 2/6
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6 The strategy of the Battle of Manassas On May 24, 1861, the day after Virginia ratified the secession ordinance, MacDell's army crossed the Potomac on three bridges. MacDell made his headquarters at Arlington, General Lee's home, and it should be recorded to his credit that he showed the highest respect for persons and property. One regiment of the New York Zoos, commanded by Colonel Ellsworth, went on a steamer to Alexandria and landed under the guns of the Pawnee. A Confederate flag was flying from the top of a house which was owned by a citizen named Jackson. Ellsworth went up and pulled down the flag. As he descended the stairs, Jackson shot him, and was himself shot by a Union soldier. On June 26, MacDell's total strength present for duty was 153,682 men and 12 guns. Patterson's was 14,344 men. Of MacDell's twenty regiments, seventeen were three-months men. With the exception of one infantry regiment, four companies of cavalry, and three artillery companies, Patterson's force was composed of three-months men. Johnston's force at the same time was 10,654 men and five or six batteries. General Lee had selected Manassas Junction as the point for the concentration of the Confederate troops on account of its being in connection with the valley. Beauregard was in command here, while Jackson and Johnston with their forces were across the Blue Ridge in the Shenandoah Valley. On June 15, Johnston retired towards Winchester because, as he said, Patterson's army had reached the Potomac twenty miles above, and he wanted to be in a position to repel an invasion of the valley or quickly to reinforce Beauregard at Manassas. Johnston thought, so he said, that Patterson was making a combined movement with MacDell, who was expected to move from Washington on Richmond. If so, Johnston at Harper's Ferry had the interior line and the choice of reinforcing Beauregard or striking Patterson. As Patterson hesitated, it showed that he was afraid to cross the Potomac with Johnston on his flank. Johnston's movement to Winchester, which, as I have said, was really a retreat, about doubled the distance between him and Beauregard. If he had really wanted to join Beauregard, his quickest way to do it would have been to march directly from Harper's Ferry to Bull Run. The distance would have been shorter than his march from Winchester to the railroad station on his way to Manassas. There he left nearly half of his army for want of transportation. It is remarkable, however, that Jackson's biographers, Dabney, Cook, and Henderson, wanted the retreat to Winchester as only a strategic move. Jackson did not think so. Jackson's brigade and Stuart's regiment of cavalry were sent to observe Patterson on the Upper Potomac. Patterson had no cavalry for outpost duty, while Johnston had the regiments of Stuart and Ashby. Jackson's orders were to feel out the enemy, but to avoid an engagement. On July 2 Patterson crossed the Potomac, and Jackson showed sufficient resistance to compel him to display his force and retired as his orders required. He was sure that Patterson had no aggressive purpose but was only making a faint to create a diversion and retain Johnston in the valley when McDowell moved against Beauregard at Manassas. Jackson thought that a blow at Patterson would have been the best way to cooperate with Beauregard. As Jackson had strict ideas of military discipline, he would not criticize his superiors, and although the order to fall back was a disappointment, he did not, like Achilles, sulk in his tent. But a letter he wrote at the time to his wife, read between the lines, shows the chagrin he felt. Colonel Henderson in his Life of Jackson said, The Federal Army crawled on to Martinsburg, holding seven miles southwest. Jackson was reinforced by Johnston's whole command, and here for four days the Confederates drawn up in line of battle awaited attack. But the Federal stood fast in Martinsburg, and on the fourth day, Johnston withdrew to Winchester. The Virginia soldiers were bitterly dissatisfied. At first even Jackson chafed. He was eager for action. His experience at Falling Waters had given him no exalted notion of the enemy's prowess, and he was ready to engage them single-handed. I want my brigade, he said, to feel that it can itself whip Patterson's whole army, and I believe that we can do it. The truth is that the numerical difference in the strength of the two armies was inconsiderable, but Johnston's had a great advantage in morale and a superior force of cavalry. On July 15, in obedience to General Scott's orders, Patterson moved up the valley, threw some shells at Stuart's regiment, and then turned squarely around and retreated towards Harper's Ferry. The movement was so timid that it was more a farce than a faint. Patterson was not seeking a fight, his movement was only a blind. If the Confederates had then taken the offensive, there would have been a foot-race towards the Potomac, and MacDowell would not have moved against the troops at Manassas. The most effective way to aid Beauregard was to strike Patterson. The next year Jackson did what should have been done in 1861. He turned on banks and swept him out of this Shenandoah Valley, creating such alarm in Washington that MacDowell, who was moving from Fredericksburg to join McClellan at Richmond, was recalled to save the capital. The following dispatch to McClellan from Mr. Lincoln shows what Jackson did in 1862, and what he would have done in 1861 if he had been in command. May 24, 1862. In consequence of General Banks' critical position, I have been compelled to suspend General MacDowell's movements to join you. The enemy are making a desperate push on Harper's Ferry, and we are trying to throw General Fremont's force on a part of MacDowell's and their rear. The next that was heard of Jackson, he had defeated Fremont and Shields in the Valley, and then turned off on McClellan's flank at Cold Harbor. In July 1861 the larger part of the troops at Manassas should have gone to Johnston instead of his reinforcing Beauregard, that is, if Johnston was willing to take the offensive and cross the Potomac. That was the best way to defend Richmond. On July 17 MacDowell began his movement towards the Confederate capital. Mr. Davis telegraphed to Johnston at Winchester to join Beauregard if practicable. He said, General Beauregard is attacked. To strike the enemy at a decisive blow, a junction of all your effective force will be needed. If practicable, make the movement, sending your sick and baggage to Culpeper Courthouse, either by Railroad or by Warrenton. In all arrangements exercise your discretion. President Davis endorsed on Johnston's report of the battle that his order, or rather request to Johnston to join Beauregard, gave him discretion because Johnston's letters of July 12 and 13 made it doubtful whether General Johnston had the power to affect the movement. In the letters Johnston said that he had to defeat Patterson or elude him. It would have been impossible for him to defeat Patterson as the latter was running, as Patterson was trying to elude Johnston, the latter had no trouble in eluding Patterson. On July 13 General Johnston telegraphed to President Davis. Unless he, Patterson, prevents it, we shall move toward Beauregard today. Up to that time, Johnston does not seem to have contemplated, nor was there any plan for any concerted action between Johnston and Beauregard. The march to Manassas did not begin until noon of the 18th. Jackson's brigade was in the advance. It waded the Shenandoah, climbed the Blue Ridge, and arrived at Manassas by rail on the next day. When the troops left Winchester they could not have been expected to join Beauregard at Manassas before a battle, because McDowell's delay of three days at Centerville could not have been anticipated. On the 17th General Scott telegraphed Patterson that McDowell would take Manassas the next day, which probably would have been done if Scott's programed across the Acoquan and turned the Confederate right had been carried out. But McDowell changed the plan, waited to make a reconnaissance on the Confederate left, and decided to cross Bull Run and Sudley. Beauregard was not expecting aid from Johnston, for in a telegram to the War Department he said, I believe this proposed movement of General Johnston is too late, enemy will attack me in force tomorrow morning. When Johnston left the valley, Patterson was in camp at Charlestown. As late as the nineteenth, Patterson insisted that Johnston was at Winchester receiving reinforcements, but on the twentieth he acknowledged that Johnston had gone. It was then too late for him to give assistance to McDowell in the battle the next day. When Patterson was reproached for what he had not done, he consoled Scott by telling him that if he had attacked Joe Johnston, he, Scott, would have had to mourn the loss of two battles instead of one. Johnston arrived at Beauregard's headquarters at Manassas at noon on July twenty, but nearly half of his army was left behind him. Beauregard's army was posted on Bull Run at five or six forwards, stretching from Stonebridge to Union Mills, a distance of eight miles. Bull Run is a creek running through a largely wooded country and is passable anywhere but for its steep banks. Johnston's troops were posted behind Beauregard's at the fords and Jackson was placed in the rear of Bonham. McDowell's headquarters were in plain view six miles distant at Centerville, and also in view of the signal station Captain Alexander had established on the Manassas plain. They proposed an offensive plan which Johnston approved, but no attempt was made to execute it. The battle was defensive on the Confederate side. Early on the morning of the twenty-first the signal officers discovered McDowell's column marching towards Sudley to turn our left at Stonebridge. They reported the movement to General Evans, who commanded there, and to headquarters. Johnston's brigades were in the rear of the fords as reserves, ready to be moved to any point on the line. As Bull Run presented no defensive advantages, it is hard to discover why that line was selected. No matter whether Beauregard intended to act on the offensive or defensive, his army should have been concentrated at one or two fords instead of being distributed at several. Going afterwards, Beauregard claimed that Johnston accepted his plan of battle, waived his rank, and consented to act as his chief of staff. As there was no emergency that required such an abdication of authority, and as there was ample time for Johnston to learn the conditions and get all the topographical knowledge necessary, it would have been shirking responsibility for him to have done so. His objective, McDowell's army, was in sight. He was near Bull Run, and he could easily learn from maps where the fords were and the roads that led to them. Beauregard and his staff officers could have easily told him how the troops were disposed. With such explanation Johnston might, in an hour or so, have taken in the whole situation. Very few commanders were ever on the ground more than a few hours before a battle. It is not their business to act as guides. The country furnishes plenty of them. Of course generals must utilize other men's knowledge. But the inconsistency is that Beauregard claims the credit as commander in chief for winning the victory, but makes Johnston responsible for the failure to reap the fruit of it. He contradicts his own report, written a few days after the battle, which says that the army, after the hard days fighting, was in no condition to pursue. He did not seem to know that he had fifteen thousand fresh men on the field, and that the remainder of Johnston's men arrived next morning. In his military memoirs, General Alexander, who was chief signal officer and also in the evening carried orders on the field, said, Not far off Stonewall Jackson, who had been shot through the hand but had disregarded it until victory was assured, was now having his hand dressed by Dr. Hunter McGuire. Jackson did not catch the Presidents, Davis, words, and Dr. McGuire repeated them to him. Jackson quickly shouted, We have whipped them. They ran like sheep. Give me five thousand men and I will be in Washington City to-morrow morning. Officer Edward Campbell, a surgeon in Jackson's Brigade, told me soon after the war that he heard Jackson make that speech. But Johnson's endorsement on Beauregard's order of battle shows that so far from waving he asserted his rank as commander. Here it is, 4.30 a.m., July 21st. The plan of battle given by General Beauregard in the above order is approved and will be executed accordingly, signed J. E. Johnston, General C. S. Army. As Beauregard submitted his program to Johnson's approval, he recognized Johnson as his superior officer. Orders are not submitted to the approval of subordinates. As a worse plan of operations could hardly have been devised, Johnston might have given Beauregard credit for it if he had adopted it. As there was no attempt to execute it, however, it is immaterial who was the author. The battle was fought on McDowell's plan. What was most remarkable was that instead of directing its immediate execution by an advance of his columns on Centerville, it instructed brigade commanders to hold themselves in readiness to advance but to await orders. None but D. R. Jones received such an order to cross the run that morning, and his was soon revoked. As the enemy was in their front, old soldiers like Jackson, Longstreet, and Ewell ought to have been presumed to be ready for combat without instructions. If the Confederates were to assume the offensive to term McDowell, their movement should have been begun, as McDowell's was, before daybreak, and as they would have had to move through a wooded country, their column should have been as much as possible in sight of and in supporting distance of each other. But what is stranger still is that Beauregard's order of battle, though it contemplated the offensive, is dated at 4.30 a.m. July 21, long after McDowell's army was in motion. McDowell issued his order of battle on the 20th. McDowell saw the danger of keeping the wings of his army so far apart, and said, I had felt anxious about the road from Manassas by Blackburn's Ford to Centerville along this ridge, fearing that while we should be enforced to the front and endeavouring to turn the enemy's position, we ourselves should be turned by him by this road. For if he should once obtain possession of this ridge, which overlooks all the country to the west, to the foot of the spurs to the Blue Ridge, we should have been irretrievably cut off and destroyed. I had, therefore, directed this point to be held in force, and sent an engineer to extemporize some field works to strengthen the position. The divisions were ordered to march at 2.30 o'clock a.m., so as to arrive on the ground early in the day, and thus avoid the heat which was to be expected at this season. If the Confederates had moved in two columns from the lower Fords, while Evans and Cock attracted the attention of the enemy above, they would have reached Centerville before McDowell reached Sudley, and they would have been between McDowell and Washington. In that event McDowell said his army would have been destroyed. McDowell saw more clearly than the Confederate generals what they ought to do, but he trusted to they're not doing it. Beauregard's first plan for a simultaneous advance from all the Bull Run Fords to Centerville was impracticable in the wooded country, and it was well that no attempt was made to execute it. His line of battle would have been several miles long. Beauregard commanded that day under Johnston, as me commanded the army of the Potomac under Grant. Beauregard's report said, General Johnston arrived here about noon of the twentieth of July, and being my senior in rank he necessarily assumed command of the forces of the Confederate states, then concentrating at this point. Made acquainted with my plan of operations and dispositions to meet the enemy, he gave them his entire approval, and generously directed their execution under my command. Beauregard must have forgotten, when he wrote afterwards and claimed that he was commander in chief at Bull Run, that he had ever written that Johnston was. Beauregard said that, being informed at 5.30 a.m. that a strong force was deployed in front of Stone Bridge, he ordered Evans and Coch to maintain their positions to the last extremity, and that he thought the most effective method of relieving his left was by making a determined attack by his right. No doubt that was so. He knew, long before MacDowell reached Sudley, that Ewell, Holmes, Jones, and Early had not advanced on Centerville, and there was then abundance of time for them to have reached Centerville before MacDowell reached Sudley. But he said that the noose from the left afterwards changed his plan. As it was clear that MacDowell was making only a feeble demonstration in our front and none on our right, he must have known early in the morning that the main portion of his army was moving against our left. He could not have expected MacDowell to stand still, nor does he give a satisfactory reason for a change of plan, but the reverse. MacDowell was doing what he ought to have wanted him to do. At 7.10 a.m. D. R. Jones, whose brigade was at McLean's Ford near headquarters, he received the following order. Brigadier General D. R. Jones. General. General Ewell has been ordered to take the offence of a pun Centerville. You will follow the movement at once by attacking him in your front. July 21st, 1861, signed GT Beauregard Brigadier. Ewell was at the next Ford below, with Holmes's brigade in support. It was not pretended that any such orders were sent to the brigades at the Fords above. Longstreet, who was at Blackburn's Ford, with early in support, said that in obedience to orders of the 20th to assume the offensive, he crossed Bull Run early on the morning of the 21st. But as he immediately came in contact with the enemy and ordered his men to lie down under cover from the artillery fire, he does not seem to have been ordered to move on Centerville, and does not refer to any such order. He must have been waiting for further orders. It is clear that Bonham received no orders to cross the run, as he did not attempt it, although the enemy opened fire on him early in the morning. He said that even before Daylight, one of his aides, General McGowan, brought intelligence that the enemy was moving on his left, and that he arose and with a field-glass discovered the enemy moving on the Pike to Stone Bridge. He said that he immediately communicated the news to headquarters and directed his command to prepare for action, as he supposed, quote, an assault would be made early along our whole line, end quote. But no such assault was ordered. Early, who was near McLean's Farm in support of Longstreet, did not mention receiving any order to move on Centerville. Neither did Jackson, who was supporting Bonham at Mitchell's Ford. He simply got an order to place himself in position where he could reinforce either cock or Bonham. In the meantime Jackson ascertained that B., who had been sent with his own and Bartow's brigades to reinforce Evans, was hard-pressed. He seemed to have moved in the exercise of his own discretion where the sound of the cannon indicated that the real conflict was. When he reached the plateau where the Henry House stood, he met the shattered brigades of B. and Bartow retreating. Jackson formed his brigade on the crest of the ridge, which will forever be associated with his name. General Alexander described the scene as follows. A fresh brigade was drawn up in line on the elevated ground known as Henry House Hill, and its commander, till then unknown, was henceforth to be called Stonewall. B. wrote up to him and said, General, they are driving us. Then, sir, said Jackson, we must give them the bayonet. B. galloped among his retreating men and called out to them. See Jackson standing like a Stonewall, rally behind the Virginians. It was at this moment when Jackson's and Hampton's were the only organized troops opposing the Federal advance, and B. and Bartow were attempting to rally their broken forces that Johnston and Beauregard reached the field. This was the crisis of the battle, as Jackson's heroic bearing electrified the troops and saved the day. Jackson selected this place as a battleground, and the great struggle was for the possession of the plateau. This was crescent-shaped, the ridge forming a cover which protected his men from artillery fire. Jones said that after getting the order from Beauregard to cross the run and follow Ewell, he sent a message to Ewell, but crossed and took a position on the road from Union Mills to Centerville and waited for Ewell. In the meantime he received the following order directing him to return. 10.30 a.m. General Jones. On account of the difficulties in our front it is thought preferable to counterman the advance of the right wing. Resume your position. Beauregard said that as early as 5.30 a.m. the enemy opened fire on Evans at Stone Bridge, and that by 8.30 a.m. he discovered that it was a mask to cover a movement around his flank, and Evans promptly moved to meet it. So it was then clear that the enemy would be on the left. Instead of a change of plans and a retrograde movement when this was discovered, it was the opportune moment to order our right to advance. Only four companies were left to hold Stone Bridge against Tyler's division. They held it all day. The sound of the battle will now inform our generals where the main effort of the enemy would be made. The difficulties in his front, of which Beauregard spoke in his note to Jones as the cause for revoking the order to advance, instead of deterring should have encouraged him to take the offensive. It was now clear that there was only a small force between him and the enemy's rear at Centerville. Hunters and Heinzelman's divisions reached subtly forward at least eight miles away about 9.30 a.m. They hauled it for rest and for the men to fill their canteens from the stream. The main body of the Confederate Army was then about half the distance from Centerville that subtly is. The three brigades of miles that were in reserve on the road to Blackburns and McLean's Fords could easily have been brushed aside before any reinforcements could have reached them. Then one of his brigade commanders, Richardson, reported that Colonel Stevens, who commanded a regiment there, said, We have no confidence in Colonel Miles because Colonel Miles is drunk, all of which was in our favor. It was much better for the Confederates if Ewells and Jones's forward movements were delayed until 9.00 by a miscarriage of orders, for by that time McDowell had progressed too far to turn back when he heard of it. When at Austerlitz Napoleon saw the Allies marching towards his rear, he told his marshals to be quiet, not to interrupt them. After their movement had developed sufficiently he struck such a blow as Johnston and Beauregard might have repeated at Centerville. McDowell dreaded such a counterstroke, and in the morning on the road to Sudley he halted Howard and kept his brigade in reserve near the pike until noon to meet such a contingency. On the field McDowell saw what he might do, and reports from the signal stations and heavy firing told Johnston and Beauregard what they could do, that the enemy had exposed his rear. But, in my judgment, said Beauregard, it was now 10.30 a.m., too late for the contemplated movement. Napoleon would have thought it was the hour for it to begin. It is a mystery why the Confederate generals abandoned their plan, if they ever had such a plan. Alexander said, about 8.00 a.m. Johnston and Beauregard, accompanied by their staffs and couriers, rode to the vicinity of Mitchell's Ford where they left their party under cover and took position on an open hill some two hundred yards to the left of the road. Richardson was in their front, making a faint by shelling the woods. If he had intended a real attack he would not have halted. The resistance made by Evans's small force on the Sudley Road showed that, with reinforcement of Cox Brigade at the ford below, McDowell's turning column could have been held in check until ours took Centerville. The fact is that the roaring guns and the despairing cry for help from Centerville would have stampeded McDowell. General Johnston said the news from our left made their plan impracticable. I think it showed not only that it was practicable, but a dead sure thing if they had attempted to execute it. McDowell thought so, too. I am not judging the Confederate generals by the lights that are now before me, but by what their reports say was before them, then. Again, quoting Alexander. As he rode out in the morning, Beauregard directed me to go with a courier to the Whitehawkson signal station and remain in general observation of the field, sending messages of all I could discover. I went reluctantly as the opportunities seemed very slight of rendering any service. There were but two signal stations on our battle, one in rear of McLean's Ford and one near Van Pelt's House on a bluff a few hundred yards to the left and rear of Stone Bridge. Beyond the latter the broad-level valley of Bull Run for some miles with its fields and pastures as seen through the glass was foreshortened into a narrow band of green. While watching the flag of this station with a good glass, when I had been there about half an hour, the sun being in the east behind me, my eye was caught by a glitter in this narrow band of green. I recognized it at once as the reflection of the morning sun from a brass field-piece. Closer scrutiny soon revealed the glittering of bayonets and masked barrels. It was about 8.45 a.m. and I had discovered, McDowell's turning column, the head of which at this hour was just arriving at Sudley eight miles away. I appreciated how much it might mean and thought it best to give Evans immediate notice, even before sending word to Beauregard. So I signaled Evans quickly, Look out for your left, you are turned. Evans afterwards told me that a picket, which he had at Sudley, being driven in by the enemy's advance guard, had sent a courier and the two couriers, one with my signal message and one with the report of the picket, reached him together. The simultaneous reports from different sources impressed him and he acted at once with sound judgment. He left four companies of his command to watch the bridge and the enemy in his front, Tyler and his three brigades. With the remainder of his force, six companies of the fourth South Carolina and Wheats, Louisiana Battalion, he marched to oppose and delay the turning column, at the same time notifying Coch, next on his right, of his movement. Having sent Evans notice of his danger, I next wrote to Beauregard as follows, I see a body of troops crossing Bull Run about two miles above the Stone Bridge. The head of the column is in the woods on this side. The rear of the column is in the woods on the other side. About half a mile of its length is visible in the open ground between. I can see both infantry and artillery. This message reached Beauregard in a few minutes. Johnston's report said, About eight o'clock General Beauregard and I placed ourselves on a commanding hill in rear of General Bonham's left, Mitchell's Ford. Near nine o'clock, the signal officer, Captain Alexander, reported that a large body of troops was crossing the valley of Bull Run some two miles above the bridge. General Bea, who had been placed near Colonel Coch's position, Colonel Hampton with his legion, and Colonel Jackson from a point near General Bonham's left, were ordered to hasten to the left flank. Alexander continued his account. For a long time there was little change and the battle seemed to stand still. When Evans and Beauregard were broken by Sherman's attack on the flank, their retreat was specially pressed by the Federal artillery. On reaching the warrants in Pike they were met by the Hampton legion and Hampton made an earnest effort to rally the retreating force upon his command. The ground, however, was unfavorable and though Hampton made a stubborn fight, losing 121 out of 600 men and delaying the advance near two hours before leaving the Pike, our whole line then fell back under the enemy's fire. Jackson now came to the rescue. He had 2,611 men and with the remnants of Hampton's 600 they were the only organized troops opposing the enemy's advance. Bea, Bartow, and Evans were engaged in rallying their troops as Johnston and Beauregard appeared. Johnston took up his headquarters a short distance in the rear to direct reinforcements while the immediate conduct of the battle was left to Beauregard. His task was to hold the line until fresh troops could be brought upon the scene. McDowell's last chance was to crush Beauregard's line at once before any reinforcements arrived. Some of his brigades were absent. Burnsides had drawn off for rest and ammunition and his partial attacks only consumed time. About three o'clock Kirby Smith's brigade arrived and it was closely followed by Earley's brigade and Beckham's battery. Kirby Smith was severely wounded just as he was extending his line on our left, and Elsie took command. Kirby Smith was the first man I ever saw carried from the field on a stretcher. About four o'clock Beauregard advanced his whole line and the 18th Virginia under Colonel Withers, the 8th Virginia under Colonel Hunton, and the Hampton Legion with Jackson's brigade swept the field and turned the enemy's guns on them. Earley, with Beckham's battery and Stuart's cavalry, crossed the Warrenton Pike and opened on the flanking rear of a new line which McDowell had formed. This force had no artillery to reply to ours and it soon broke. McDowell said, The retreat soon became a rout and this soon degenerated into a panic. Heinzelman said, Such a rout I never witnessed before. Stuart's cavalry had charged and routed the Ellsworth Zoos on the subway road as they were coming to the support of the Federal Batteries. Heinzelman led the Zoos. His account of this was as follows. In the meantime I sent orders for the Zoos to move forward to support Rickard's battery on its right. As soon as they came up I led them forward against an Alabama regiment partly concealed in a clump of small pines in an old field. At the first fire they broke and the greater portion fled to the rear, keeping up a disultery fire over the heads of their comrades in front. At the same time they were charged by a company of secession cavalry on their rear who had come by a road through two strips of woods on our extreme right. Stuart's charge was not on the rear of the Zoos but on their front when they were advancing to the support of the batteries. Heinzelman said the regiment dispersed and did not appear on the field again. The greater portion kept on to New York. Porter said, The evanescent courage of the Zoos prompted them to fire perhaps a hundred shots when they broke and fled, leaving the batteries open to a charge of the enemy's cavalry which took place immediately. Soon the slopes behind us were swarming with our retreating and disorganized forces whilst riderless horses and artillery teams ran furiously through the flying crowd. As McDowell, with the larger part of his army, had moved in a circle by suddenly, and as they retreated by the same route, if our troops on the field had moved on the straight line on the pike leading over Stonebridge to Centerville they would have cut off their retreat. This is what Jackson wanted to do. After the battle had shifted, Alexander joined Beauregard. He said that Jackson alone of the Confederate leaders on the field gave any evidence of his appreciation of the victory. After the war Dr. Edward Campbell, a surgeon of Jackson's brigade, told me that Jackson said to him, I wonder if General Johnston and General Beauregard know how badly they, the enemy, are whipped. If they will let me I will march my brigade into Washington to-night. Alexander said he heard Jackson tell President Davis the same thing. His account concludes, Jackson's offer to take Washington City the next morning with five thousand men had been made to the President as he arrived upon the field, probably about five o'clock. It was not sunset until 7.15 and there was nearly a full moon. But the President himself and both generals spent these precious hours in riding over the field where the conflict had taken place. Johnston and Beauregard both sent orders to different commands to make such advances, but neither went in person to supervise or urge forward the execution of the order, though time was of the essence. Kershaw with two South Carolina regiments, Kemper with two guns, and some cavalry were all the troops that pursued over Stonebridge, although there were several brigades near that that had not been much engaged, some not at all. Alexander carried the first order from Beauregard about 6 p.m. in checking pursuit. It directed Kershaw to advance over Bull Run carefully, but not to attack. Alexander, surprised at his ill-timed caution, asked if he forbade any attack. Beauregard replied that Kershaw must wait for Kemper and pursue cautiously. It would have been as easy to send half a dozen batteries as one. Alexander overtook Kershaw, just as Kemper's two guns opened on the retreating column, and upset a wagon on Cub Run Bridge that created a blockade by which a good deal of artillery was lost. On his way back to Beauregard, Alexander met a staff officer carrying an order for all the troops to return. Alexander was at the council of Mr. Davis and the generals that night at Manassas. The conclusion was reached to make a reconnaissance the next morning. Some cavalry scouting parties were sent, who saw nothing but the wreck of McDowell's army. It would have been as easy to have found that out before midnight as in the morning, if they had tried, as no attempt was made to rally the retreating army. McDowell sent a dispatch from Fairfax Courthouse. The larger part of the men were a confused mob, entirely demoralized. It was the opinion of all the commanders that no stand could be made this side of the Potomac. They are now passing through this place in a state of utter disorganization. Edwin M. Stanton, afterwards secretary of war, on July 26, five days after the battle, wrote to ex-president Buchanan. The capture of Washington now seems to be inevitable. During the whole of Monday and Tuesday it might have been taken without resistance. The rout, overthrow, and demoralization of the army is complete. General Johnson afterwards said as an excuse for not pursuing that his army was as much demoralized by victory as the enemies by defeat. Nobody suspected it then. We had about fifteen thousand troops on the field, who had not been engaged, and a good many arrived the next morning. On the case on attached to one of Kemper's guns, when it swept over Bull Run, was an old Virginian whose long white hair hung on his shoulders and gave him the look of a patriarch. When Kemper unlimbered near Cub Run he claimed the privilege of firing the first gun. He had done the same when Beauregard opened his batteries on Sumter. When the curtain was let down on the last scene at Appomattox he blew out his brains and ended life's fitful fever. In his report General Johnson said that our victory was as complete as one gained by infantry and artillery can be. He took no account of Stuart's charge at a critical moment when the Zoos were coming upon Jackson's flank, nor of the fact that his army exceeded McDowell's in numbers and had three or four times as much cavalry. The returns show that in Beauregard's army that day there were fourteen hundred and sixty-eight cavalry, and that Stuart, who had come from the Shenandoah Valley, had twelve companies. Besides, Ashby arrived the day after the battle with a cavalry regiment. Johnson and Beauregard had a total of effectives that day of thirty-one thousand nine hundred eighty-two men and fifty-five guns, although they sent only two guns over the run in pursuit. McDowell's total was twenty-nine thousand eight hundred sixty-two men, and but seven companies of cavalry. Cavalry is needed as much to cover a retreat as to pursue. We had enough cavalry to have taken Washington. It is true, as General Johnson said, that the city is situated on an unfortable river, but less than twenty miles above is afford at Seneca where Stuart crossed going to Gettysburg, and it often afterwards crossed there. Our cavalry was nearer Seneca than McDowell's army was to Washington when the retreat began, and ought to have crossed the Potomac that night. The next day it could have easily moved around towards Baltimore, broken communications, and isolated Washington. It is paradoxical but true that the Confederate cause was lost at Bull Run. Yet the victory reflected on those who wanted all the glory that was Greece and the grandeur that was Rome, and no matter now what men may speculate as to what might have been. Cold must be the heart that can read that glorious record and not feel sympathy with sons that sent. Chapter 7 About Fairfax Courthouse Until the spring of 1862 we did picket duty on the Potomac, a more agreeable duty than the routine of a camp. There were some skirmishes and many false alarms. A hog-rooting or an old hare on its nocturnal rounds would often draw the fire of a vedette. My company went three times a week on picket and remained twenty-four hours when we were relieved by another company. The following letters from Colonel Mosby to his wife and his sister give the most interesting events of the time between the Battle of Manassas and the Campaign of 1862. Fairfax Courthouse, July 29, 1861. Dearest Pauline, we have made no further advance and I know no more of contemplative movements than you do. A few nights ago we went down near Alexandria to stand as a picket advanced guard. It was after dark. When riding along the road of volley was suddenly poured into us from a thick clump of pines, the balls whistled round us and Captain Jodes's horse fell, shot through the head. We were perfectly helpless as it was dark and they were concealed in the bushes. The best of it was that the Yankees shot three of their own men, thought they were ours. Beauregard has no idea of attacking Alexandria. When he attacks Washington he will go about Alexandria to attack Washington. No other news. For one week before the battle we had an awful time. Had about two meals during the whole time. Marched two days and one night on one meal in the rain in order to arrive in time for the fight. We captured a great quantity of baggage left here by the Yankees with orders for it to be forwarded to Richmond. Fairfax Courthouse, August 18, 1861. My dearest Pauline, I was in a little brush with them one day last week. A party of ten of us came upon about a hundred and fifty. We fired on them and of course retreated before such superior numbers. We jumped into the bushes to reload and give it to them again when they came up. But instead of pursuing us they put back to their own cap. When I was last on picket I was within about four miles of Georgetown and could distinctly hear the enemy's morning drumbeat. Some of the Yankees came to my post under a flag of truce, stayed all night, ate supper with me, and we treated each other with as much courtesy as did Richard and Saladin when they met by the Diamond of the Desert. Our blister plaster doctor affords us a good deal of fun. He is one of the most pompous fellows you ever saw. He went with us on picket one night, got scared, ran to us and swore he had ridden through a whole regiment of the enemy's infantry. The whole truth was there was not a Yankee in three miles of him. Fairfax Courthouse, September 2, 1861. My dearest Pauline, I received a fall from my horse one day last week down at Falls Church which came near killing me. I have now entirely recovered and will return to camp this morning. I was out on picket one dark rainy night. There were only three of us at our post. A large body of cavalry came dashing down towards us from the direction of the enemy. Our orders were to fire on all. I fired my gun, started back toward where our main body was, my horse slipped down, fell on me and galloped off, leaving me in a senseless condition in the road. Fortunately the body of cavalry turned out to be a company of our own men who had gone out after night to arrest a spy. When they started they promised Captain Jones to go by our post and inform us of the fact in order to prevent confusion. This they failed to do and their own culpable neglect came near getting some of them killed. Our troops are gradually encroaching on the Federals, now occupying a position in full view of Washington. A brush is looked for there today. I rode out one day about a week ago with our wagon after hay, came to where our pickets were stationed. They were in full view of the Yankees a few hundred yards off on the opposite hill. The Yankees were firing at our men with long-range guns but ours could not return it as they have only old muskets. I have a splendid sharps carbine which will kill at a thousand yards. I dismounted and turned loose on them. I had to fire at them most of the time in a thick field of corn, of course could not tell the effect, but once when a fellow ran out into the road, in which I stood to shoot at me, it took several to carry him back. Camp near Fairfax Courthouse, September 17, 1861 Dear Liz, Mosby's sister. Beauregard and Johnston are expected to move their headquarters up to Fairfax today. Although Captain Jones is a strict officer, he is very indulgent to me, and never refuses me any favour, I ask him. I think he will be made a colonel very soon. Aaron, Mosby's servant, considers himself next in command of Captain Jones. Nobody thinks the war will continue longer than a few months. We will clean them out in two more battles. Camp near Fairfax Courthouse, September 14, 1861 My dearest Pauline. Today we go unpick it at the big falls on the Potomac. One hill we occupy commands a full view of the capital. I went to take a view of it with Lloyd. We could see it distinctly with all their fortifications and the stars and stripes floating over it. I thought of the last time I had seen it, for you were there with me and I could not but feel some regrets that it was no longer the capital of my country, but that of a foreign foe. Camp near Fairfax, September 1861 My dearest Pauline. The enemy had come up with three thousand men, artillery, etc., to Louisville, one of our picket stations. When we got there they were still there. Three men of our company, including myself, were detached to go forward to Reconoiter. Colonel Stewart was with us. While standing near the opening of a wood, a whole regiment of Yankees came up in full view within a hundred yards of me. Their Colonel was mounted on a splendid horse and was very gaily dressed. I was in the act of shooting him, which I could have done with ease with my carbine, when Colonel Stewart told me not to shoot, fearing they were our men. I never regretted anything so much in my life as the glorious opportunity I missed of winging their Colonel. We went back and brought up our artillery, which scattered them at the first shot. I never enjoyed anything so much in my life as standing by the cannon and watching our shells when they burst over them. Camp Cooper, November 21, 1861 My dearest Pauline. On Monday I participated in what is admitted to have been the most dashing feat of the war. Colonel Lee took about eighty men out on a scout. Hearing where a company of about the same number of Yankees were on picket, we went down and attacked. They were concealed in a pine-thicket, where one man ought to have been equal to ten outside. We charged right into them, and they poured a raking fire into our ranks. Fount Beatty and myself, in the ardour of pursuit, had gotten separated some distance from our main body when we came upon two Yankees in the woods. We ordered them to surrender, but they replied by firing on us. One of the Yankees jumped behind a tree and was taking aim at Fount when I leveled my pistol at him, but missed him. He also fired, but missed Fount, though within a few feet of him. I then jumped down from my horse and as the fellow turned to me, I rested my carbine against a tree and shot him dead. He never knew what struck him. Fount fired at one with his pistol, but missed. A South Carolinian came up and killed the other. The man I killed had a letter in his pocket from his sweetheart Clara. They were of the Brooklyn Zoabs and fought at Manassas. 1862 My dearest Pauline, get Aaron to give you a full account of his adventure, his memorable retreat from Bunker Hill, his dockering the sick men during the battle he is a good deal thought of in the company. Footnote. The story of the sick men concerns the battle of Manassas. They covered themselves with heavy blankets and shivered when the shells were flying. When they were not, they would recover and raise up and ask Aaron, haven't you got a few more of those corncakes? End of footnote. At the end of 1861 occurred an event which greatly disappointed Southern hopes. Mason and Slidle had been sent as ambassadors to England and France. They escaped through the blockading fleet at Charleston and arrived at Nassau where they took passage on the English steamer Trent. The vessel was stopped on the high seas by Captain Wilkes of the San Jacinto and the ambassadors were taken off and confined in Fort Warren, Boston. This action was hailed with as much joy in the South as in the North. The Confederates thought their ambassadors would be held as prisoners and conceived it to be impossible that they would be surrendered on the demand of England after the Secretary of the Navy had approved the conduct of Wilkes and Congress had given him a vote of thanks. Fortunately for the Union cause neither Mr. Lincoln nor Mr. Seward had committed himself to an approval of it but both had kept a judicious silence until they could hear from England. In the South we all felt sure that England would never submit to such an indignity and breach of neutrality. War between England and the United States was considered inevitable and we could almost hear the roar of English guns dispersing the fleets which were blockading our coasts. With England as an ally of the South our success was certain but the administration wisely yielded to England's demand and surrendered the captives. Mr. Seward in a letter to Lord Lyons ingeniously maintained that he was consistent in so doing and that in demanding their release England had at last claimed for neutrals the rights for which the United States had always contended. Mason and Slidle were transferred to an English gunboat lying off Cape Cod and thus withered our hopes of having England as an ally. There was no longer a Cossus belly. The Richmond Examiner, January 1st, 1862, said of this affair, The year which has just begun opens with evil tidings. We fear there is no doubt of the fact that the Northern Union has consented to the surrender of Mason and Slidle and with that event all hopes of an immediate alliance between the Southern Confederacy and Great Britain must cease. It happened that I brought to the camps in Fairfax the first news of the capture of Mason and Slidle. Fitzhugh Lee took a part of my regiment on a scout and we came upon the Brooklyn Fourteenth that was doing picket duty. They wore red breeches so we called them the red-legged Yankees. As soon as we got inside of them we charged. A portion of them were in a dense thicket which we couldn't penetrate on horseback and so a few of us dismounted and charged on foot with carbines to the point where the reserve had a fire. We took a number of prisoners and I picked up a newspaper. It was about sundown. The paper was a copy of the Washington Star of that evening and had an account of the capture of Mason and Slidle. When we brought the prisoners to Fitzhugh Lee I said, Colonel, here's a copy of today's paper. Fitzhugh Lee replied, The ruling passion strong in death, referring to my reputation of always being the first man in the company to get hold of a newspaper. Colonel Jones sent the paper to General Johnson's headquarters at Centerville. A popular notion has prevailed that a great benefit would have resulted to the South if England and France had received our ministers and established diplomatic relations with the Southern Confederacy. I never thought so, unless they had gone further and intervened in our behalf, as France did with the colonies and sent their fleets to break the blockade. In that event they would have become parties to the war. When they proclaimed their neutrality and accorded us belligerent rights and the hospitality of their ports to Confederate cruisers they just as much recognized the independence of the South as if they had officially received its ministers. The human mind cannot conceive of belligerent rights except as attached to a supreme independent power. There was a great deal of complaint against England for her haste and proclaiming neutrality and thus recognizing the belligerent character of the contest. But the Congress called by Mr. Lincoln in July 1861 before Bull Run had been fought as Webster'd said about Bunker Hill, elevated an insurrection into a public war. It passed an act forbidding commercial intercourse between persons living North and South of the Potomac and declaring the forfeiture of goods caught in transit and also the seizure of vessels on the high seas as enemy property if the owners lived in the South. It also declared that such seizures and intercourse should be governed not by the municipal law of the country but by the law of nations. It thus recognized our sectional conflict as a public territorial war and not, like the Wars of the Roses, a contest of factions. The law of nations regulates the relations of alien enemies in war and can have no application to citizens of the same country. This act of Congress was a declaration of a war intergentes, as much so as that between France and Prussia. The Amy Warwick, owned in Richmond, sailed from Rio without notice of the blockade. She was seized on the voyage and condemned as a prize of war. It was contented that there was no proof that her owner was in rebellion, but the Supreme Court held that international law took no notice of the personal sentiments of individuals but that their domicile determined their legal status. In the opening of the year 1862 there was a great deal of depression in the Southern Confederacy. A considerable amount of this was due to the failure of our hopes of having England as an immediate ally, but most of it was on account of the expiration in the coming spring of the terms of enlistment of most of the regiments and the reluctance of the men to re-enlist before going to their homes. General Joe Johnston issued an address urging the twelve months volunteers to re-enlist, but it had little or no effect. He said, the commanding general calls upon the twelve months men to stand by their brave comrades who have volunteered for the war, to re-volunteer at once and thus show the world that the patriots who engaged in this struggle do not swerve from the bloodiest path they may be called to tread. The fear that the army would disappear like a morning mist is shown in the farewell address of General Beauregard dated January 30, 1862, when he was about to leave to take command in the West. He said, Above all I am anxious that my brave countrymen here in arms fronting the haughtily arrayed master of northern mercenaries should thoroughly appreciate the exigency and hence comprehend that this is no time for the army of the Potomac, the men of Manassas, to stack their arms and quit, even for a brief period the standards they have made glorious by their manhood. The fact that Beauregard italicized the latter part of the sentence was a moment of impending danger. Mr. Davis also sent a message to Congress in which he said, I therefore recommend the passage of a law declaring that all persons residing within the Confederate States, between the ages of eighteen and thirty-five years, and rightfully subject to military duty, shall be held to be in the military service of the Confederate States. The conscription law increased the numbers but impaired the pretty core of the volunteer army that won the victory of Manassas. The flower of southern manhood had been gathered there, but the law saved the Confederacy from the danger of collapse without another battle through the disbandment of its army. After the war I heard severe criticism of the conscription act, which in fact saved the Confederacy for a time. CHAPTER VIII. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox.org. This recording is by Mark Smith of Simpsonville, South Carolina. Mosby's Memoirs by Colonel John Singleton Mosby. CHAPTER VIII. The last time I went on picket was on the 12th of February, 1862. By this time Stuart had been made a Brigadier General, and Jones was Colonel of the Regiment. The road from our camp to the outposts passed through Centerville, where General Joe Johnston and Stuart had their headquarters. On that February day Stuart joined us, and I observed that an empty carriage was following, though I did not understand the reason. When we arrived at Fairfax Courthouse, Stuart asked Captain Blackford to detail a man to go in the carriage with some ladies. There was a fine family in the place, who always gave me my breakfast when I was on picket, and, as one of the ladies in the party was a member of the family, I was detailed to go as an escort several miles inside our lines. They did not like being on the picket line where there were frequent skirmishes. So I left my horse for my messmate, Fount Beatty, to bring back to camp the next day, and took my seat in the carriage with the ladies. It was a raw cold morning, and it soon began to snow. We arrived at our journey's end in the evening, and I then started for Stuart's headquarters. When I reached there it was dark, and the snow was still falling. Although I had been in Stuart's regiment from the beginning of the war, I had no acquaintance with him, and no reason to suppose that he had ever heard of me. So I went into the house, reported to him that I had left the ladies at their destination, and asked him for a pass, as my camp on the bull run was several miles away. The sentinels would not let me go back without one. Now the weather would not have been any more severe on me if I had walked back to camp that night than if I had stayed on picket. I never dreamed of Stuart's inviting me to spend the night at headquarters, or that I should ever rise to intimacy with him. There could have been nothing prepossessing in my general appearance to induce him to make an exception of me, for I was as roughly dressed as any common soldier. But he told me the weather was too bad and to stay there that night. Of course I obeyed, took my seat before a big blazing fire. Both of the generals were sitting there, but I felt so small in their presence that I looked straight into the fire and never dared to raise my head. I would have felt far more comfortable trudging back to camp through the snow. Presently a boy announced that supper was ready. The generals arose, and as Stuart walked into the supper room he told me to come in and get some supper. I was astonished and kept my seat. Stuart observed my absence from the table and sent for me. So I obeyed, went in, and took a seat with the generals. I do not think I raised my eyes from my plate although they chatted freely. When it was time to go to sleep Stuart had some blankets spread on the floor, and I was soon snoring. The same thing happened in the morning. A boy announced breakfast. Stuart told me to come in, and I again stayed behind, and he had to send for me. It has always been a mystery to me why Stuart made me his guest that night and did not put me with his couriers, which would have been more agreeable to me. After breakfast Stuart sent me, mounted to my camp, with a courier to bring back the horse I rode. So here began my friendship for Stuart which lasted as long as he lived. It is a coincidence that it began on the very day I received my first promotion. I had scarcely reached our camp when a message came from Commander of the Regiment, Colonel Jones, to come to his tent. I went and he offered me the position of adjutant. I was as much astonished as I had been the night before to be asked to sit at the table with the generals. Of course I was glad to accept it, and Jones wrote to the War Department requesting my appointment. The Journal of the Confederate Senate shows that I was confirmed to take rank from February 17, 1862. I have always had repugnance to ceremonials, and was not half so much frightened in the Battle of Buran as I was on the first dress parade I conducted. On such occasions the adjutant is the most conspicuous figure. I never could repeat the formulas of the regulations, and for this reason I remember the few weeks I served as an adjutant with less satisfaction than any other portion of my life as a soldier. Undated fragment of a letter to Mrs. Mosby. We are suffering the most intense anxiety to hear the final result from Donaldson. If we are defeated there it will prolong the war, I fear, but the idea of giving up or abandoning the field now should never enter a southern man's head. To be sure there must be a costly sacrifice of our best blood, but the coward dies a thousand deaths, the brave man dies but one. End of Letter When news came to Richmond that Grant's attack on Fort Donaldson had been repulsed Confederate hopes of final success were raised to a high pitch, but they sank to zero the next day when a dispatch came announcing the fall of Donaldson and the surrender of most of the garrison. Kentucky was now lost to us and most of Middle Tennessee. A greater blunder was never committed in war than when General Albert Sidney Johnston sent Floyd, Buckner and Pillow down the Cumberland River with about seventeen thousand troops to hold a fort situated in the angle made by the confluence of the Cumberland and a deep, unfortable creek. There was no line of retreat open by land and no transportation provided for escape by water in case of defeat. The Confederates were caught in a trap and their surrender was of course inevitable. The first attacks of the gun-boats under Commodore Foote were repulsed and in the evening the situation was about the same as it had been in the morning. But Buckner and Pillow seemed to think that their men would not fight any longer, although they had an abundance of rations and Floyd swore that he would not surrender either himself or his brigade. Floyd was the senior officer and it was agreed that he should turn over the command to Pillow, who was next in rank, and that he in turn should turn it over to Buckner. Floyd with his brigade escaped at night on two steamboats that happened to come down with supplies from Nashville that evening. Pillow in some way got to the opposite bank of the river and left his troops behind him. It has never been explained why a few boats were not on hand to set the Confederates over the river when resistance became hopeless or why the two which Floyd took were not used during the night to convey the army to the other bank. At daybreak Buckner ordered a parley to be sounded and capitulated to Grant without conditions. He did not even get as good terms as General Lee got for the fragment of his army at Appomattox. Mr. Davis relieved both Floyd and Pillow of command, but with strange inconsistency he praised General Johnston for putting them in a hole where they fought for two days to get out. The affair of Donaldson was a most discreditable thing to our side of the war. Camp of First Cavalry, March 1st, 1862. Dear Pauline. Nobody here is the least discouraged at our late reverses that they will prolong the war I have no doubt, but they have not made the first step towards subjugation. Nothing can reverse my own decision to stay in the foremost ranks where life is lost or freedom won. I want to see in southern women some of that Spartan heroism of the mother who said to her son when she buckled on his armor, return with your shield or return upon it. Our army is now falling back from Centerville, but whether to Manassas or Gordonsville I don't know. We haven't moved our camp. End of Letter. When Johnston retired from Centerville in the spring of 1862, our regiment was the rearguard of the army. Johnston fell back leisurely, first to the Rappahannock and then to the Rappadan, where he waited for McClellan to develop his campaign. In December 1864 I had dinner with General Lee at his headquarters near Petersburg and he told me that Johnston should never have moved from the Rappadan to Richmond, that when it was discovered that McClellan was moving down the Potomac, he wrote Johnston and urged him to move back against Washington. Lee was confident that such a menace of the capital would recall McClellan to defend it. A considerable Union force followed our regiment, as we withdrew along the railroad, and when it got near our picket line on Cedar Run it deployed in an open field and made a great display. Jones was on the picket line that day and I was with him and witnessed the exhibition. The pickets withdrew and the enemy occupied the ground on which we had been for several days. That night my regiment camped near Belton Station. The next morning I rode there and met Stuart. The enemy was already in sight and advancing. I had become pretty well acquainted with Stuart after I became an adjutant and had already conducted several scouting expeditions for him. As we met that morning he said to me very earnestly and he seemed puzzled. General Johnston wants to know if McClellan's army is following us or if this is only a faint he is making. Evidently Stuart wanted me to find out for him but did not like to order me. I saw the opportunity for which I had longed and said in a self-confident tone, I will find out for you if you will give me a guide. He gave me one who knew the road and with two others of my party I started around the flank of the hostile column and got in its rear while it was advancing to the Rappahannock. As the enemy moved south and we went north my party was in its rear when the Union column reached the Rappahannock and began shelling the Confederates who had just crossed. As we were behind the enemy we soon discovered that an isolated body was following Johnston and that it kept up no line of communication with Washington. It was clear that the movement was a mask to create a diversion and cover some operation. Of course I was proud to have made the discovery and I rode nearly all night to report it to Stuart. When we got near the river we halted at a farmhouse for there was danger of being shot by our own pickets if we attempted to cross the river in the dark. As soon as it was daylight I started leaving my companions asleep. A picket halted me when I got halfway across the river and it was with great difficulty that I could persuade him not to fire. At last I made him ashamed of himself when I told him I was only one man and asked him if he was afraid of one Yankee. He told me to come on but he kept his gun leveled at me. I went on at a gallop and found Stuart with General Ewell whose division was in line of battle expecting the enemy to attempt to cross the river. A heavy fog concealed their backward movement. I told Stuart that there was no support behind the force in front and that it was falling back. A curtain of cavalry had been left behind to cover the retreat. Our cavalry was immediately ordered in pursuit and I went with it. In the rapture of the moment Stuart told me I could get any reward I wanted. His report confirms this statement about the information that was obtained but I got no reward. Culpeper County, April 1st, 1862 My dearest Pauline Although I do not belong to that company, Blackford's, being on the regimental staff, I went with them into the fight. The appearance of the enemy when they crossed Cedar Run was the most magnificent sight I ever beheld. We let them, the advance guard of cavalry, cross when dismounting we delivered a volley with our carbines which sent them back across the deep stream in the wildest confusion. One fellow was thrown into the water over his head and scrambling out ran off and left his horse. Another horse fell, rose, and fell again, bearing his rider with him under the water. We ceased firing, threw up our caps and indulged in the most boisterous laughter. Colonel Jones speaks of some service I have recently rendered. At one time with four men I passed around, got to the rear of the enemy, discovered that they were making a faint movement on the railroad while they were really moving in another direction. I rode nearly all night to give the information which resulted in General Stewart's ordering our regiment in pursuit and the capture of about thirty prisoners, sixteen horses, arms, etc. General Stewart was so much pleased with my conduct that he wrote a report to General Johnston commending me very highly and also recommending my promotion. When our regiment got to the vicinity of Yorktown it was reorganized and Fitz Lee, who had been a lieutenant colonel, was elected colonel. Stewart invited me to come to his headquarters and act as a scout. I got no commission and stayed with his couriers. In this ambiguous condition I remained for a year or until I took up my independent command. April 25, 1862 My dearest Pauline Our regiment was reorganized day before yesterday. Colonel Fitz-Hugh Lee was elected over Colonel Jones. Colonel Jones left immediately for Richmond. He expects to be a brigadier general. Immediately after the election I handed in my resignation of my commission. The president had commissioned me for the war but I would not be adjutant of a colonel against his wishes or if I were not his first choice. General Stewart told me yesterday that he would see that I had a commission. Richmond, June 2, 1862 My dearest Pauline The papers will give you about as much as I know of the fight, the Battle of Fair Oaks or Seven Pines. I went down over the battlefield yesterday. Our men were all among the enemy's tents which were still standing, their camp kettles on the fire, etc. We whipped them in their fortifications. General Lee is now in command. General Johnston being wounded. There is so much confusion in Richmond that I do not know whether I can get your memorandum filled today. There is nothing like a panic. Everybody being engaged in preparing to take care of the wounded. In June, 1862, McClellan was a straddle of the Chickahominy. His right rested on the Pamunkey but there was a gap of several miles between his left and the James. The two armies were so close to each other that the cavalry was of little use and it was therefore kept in the rear. One morning I was at breakfast with Stewart and he said that he wanted to find out if McClellan was fortifying on the Tata Potomy, a creek that empties into the Pamunkey. I was glad to go for him and started off with three men. But we found a flag of truce on the road and turned off to scout in another direction. I did not want to go back without doing something. We did not get the information for which we were sent, but we did get intelligence of even more value. We penetrated McClellan's lines and discovered that for several miles his right flank had only cavalry pickets to guard his line of communication with his depot at the White House on the Pamunkey. Here it seemed to me was an opportunity to strike a blow. McClellan had not anticipated any such move and had made no provision against it. On discovering the conditions I hastened back to Stewart and found him sitting in the front yard. It was a hot day. I was tired and lay down on the grass to tell him what I had learned. A Martinette would have ordered me to stand in his presence. He listened to my story and when I had finished told me to go to the adjutant's office and write it down. At the same time he ordered a courier to get ready to go with him to General Lee's headquarters. I did as he requested and brought him a sheet of paper with what I had written. After reading it Stewart called my attention to it's not being signed. I signed it though I had thought he only wanted a memorandum of what I had said. General Lee had never heard of me. Stewart took the paper and went off with a courier at a gallop. As soon as he returned orders were issued to the cavalry to be ready. General Lee's instructions authorizing the expedition were dated June 11. I had reported the day before. On the morning of the 12th with 1200 cavalry and two pieces of artillery Stewart passed through Richmond and took the road towards Ashland. I was at headquarters when Stewart was leaving. The officer in charge asked him when he would be back. His answer was it may be for years, it may be forever. His spirits were buoyant. The column moved on to Old Church in Hanover where two squadrons of U.S. regular cavalry were stationed under the command of Captain Royal. When the pickets were chased in Royal heard the firing and went to their support. He had no cause to suspect the numbers he was meeting for McClellan had never even considered the possibility of a force breaking through his lines and passing around him. A squadron of the 9th Virginia cavalry led our column. Captain Latine was in command. A charge was ordered and in the combat Royal was wounded and routed and Latine was killed. We could not stay to give him even a hasty burial. Our forces soon had possession of the abandoned camp and as the enemy had had no time to pack up there was a festival. We were now on the flank of the enemy but nine miles from the railroad which was his line of communication. The question which Stewart had to determine was whether to go on or turn back. We were near the Pamunkey and if we kept on the road would soon be closed behind us. The only way of return would then be to pass around McClellan. I felt great anxiety for fear that Stewart would halt for I realized that there was a chance for him to do something that had never been done. His decision to go on showed that he possessed true military genius. Just before Stewart gave the order for us to move he turned to me and said I want you to go on some distance ahead. Very well said I but give me a guide. Two soldiers who knew the roads were ordered to go with me. I was proud to be selected for such a duty and was full of enthusiasm. We had not gone far before Stewart sent one of his staff to tell me to go faster and increase the distance between us. As we jogged along two miles in advance of the column we came upon a Suttler's wagon. It was filled with so many tempting things which we had not seen for nearly two years that we felt as if the blockade had been raised. We exercised the belligerent right of search. At the same time I could see about a mile away in the Pamunkey River a forest of masts of schooners which were unloading supplies into a train of wagons ready to carry them to the army. So I sent one man back to tell Stewart to hurry and capture the prizes and put the other as a guard over the Suttler. I then went on alone. When Stewart came up he sent a squadron to burn the schooners and the wagon train. Capturing Watercraft was a novel experiment in cavalry tactics. At a bend in the road I came upon a vedette and a Suttler's wagon. They submitted quietly. Just then a bugle sounded and I saw a body of cavalry a few hundred yards away. Fugitives from the camp we had captured had given the alarm and the second troop was getting ready to leave. As soon as the head of our column appeared the enemy's force at once disappeared. A Confederate newspaper described my part as follows. Approaching the public interest and the recital of everything connected with the recent exploit of General Stewart's cavalry in his reconnaissance through the enemy's lines we have gathered from reliable participants in the affair these additional particulars. After destroying the enemy's camp near the old church Lieutenant John S. Mosby, aide to General Stewart and who had been most daring and successful as a scout was sent on in advance with a single guide towards Tunstall Station to reconnoitre and ascertain the position and force of the enemy. On his way he met two Yankees whom he took prisoners and sent to the rear in charge of his guide. Alone he pushed on and overtook a cavalryman and an artilleryman of the enemy's forces having in charge a quartermaster's wagon and stores. Lieutenant Mosby dashed up and drawing his pistols demanded their surrender. The New Yorker surrendered at once but the Pennsylvanian, beginning to fumble for his pistol the Lieutenant made a more emphatic demand for his surrender and at the same moment compelled him to look quite closely into the muzzle of his pistol. All this time there were drawn up not four hundred yards distant from the company of Yankee cavalry in line of battle. In a moment a bugle sounded as for a movement on him when anxious to secure his prisoners and stores Lieutenant Mosby put spurs and galloped across the field at the same time shouting to his imaginary men to follow him when none of the Confederate cavalry were in sight and the swiftness more than a mile in the rear. The cavalry's hearing the word of command and apprehending the dissent of an avalanche of Confederate cavalry upon them broke line each man galloping off to take care of himself. The wagon, prisoners, and stores were then secured and among them were found forty splendid Colt's pistols with holsters besides boots, shoes, blankets, et cetera, et cetera. About sundown we reached the York River Railroad and the column still went on. The only way to get back to Richmond was now to recross the Chickahominy near its mouth and pass my McClellan's left flank. As some evidence of the consternation that prevailed among the Union troops I remember that after we left the camp a sergeant and twenty-five men of the regular cavalry followed on under a flag of truce and surrendered to the rear guard. That night was a feast for Stuart's cavalry. On all the roads were burning trains with supplies and subtler's goods. Champagne and rind wine flowed copiously. A force was sent in pursuit of us under the command of General St. George Cook, Stuart's father-in-law. Although the march of our column was slow we never saw an armed foe after we left Royal's camp except a small guard at the railroad. General Warren, who commanded a brigade behind us, said it was impossible for the infantry to overtake him and as the cavalry did not move without us it was impossible for them to overtake him. Fitz John Porter regretted that when General Cook did pursue he should have tied his legs with the infantry command. As there were six cavalry regiments including all the regulars with a battery on our track it is hard to see why they wanted infantry. Although more than forty-eight hours elapsed between the time when we passed McClellan's right flank and back around his left he made no attempt to intercept us. In making the circuit of his army the Confederate column was at all times within five or six miles of his headquarters with two navigable rivers enclosing it and another river over which we had to build a bridge in order to cross. McClellan was a soldier of great organizing ability and trained in the science of war I mean in those operations that can be regulated by rules but he had none of the inspiration that decides and acts instantly and he was now confronted by a condition without a precedent so he was helpless. About daylight we reached a fort of the Chickahominy a narrow crooked stream which meanders between the Pomunkey and the James we had crossed it on the morning before Stuart had expected to be able to forward this stream but at this point it was overflowing a guide told us of a bridge a mile below or where one had been so the column was headed for that point when we got there we found that the bridge was gone although the piles were standing nearby were the remains of an old warehouse which furnished material for building another it was soon constructed it seemed to rise out of the water by magic it may not have been so good a bridge a Caesar might throw over the Rhine but it answered our purpose while the bridge was building Stuart showed no anxiety and was in as gay a humor as ever I saw him during the night I had provided for our commissary department a lot of stores from the Suttler's wagons and these were soon spread about on the grass we had not been disturbed on the night march but just as the bridge was finished the body of Lancers came in sight and halted they had captured one of our men a German whom we had to leave behind as he was too full of Rhine wine to travel when we reached west over the command was halted to rest and get forage for we knew that the road to Richmond was open Stuart now left Fitzley in command and rode on to report to General Lee the column moved on by moonlight and a daybreak was in sight of Richmond the game was won I had ridden several miles ahead of the column and met Stuart returning of course he was delighted to hear that the cavalry was safe to excuse himself for what he had not done McClellan in a dispatch tried to belittle this affair by saying that Stuart's cavalry did nothing but gain a little a clot but it can be said with more truth that he himself lost a good deal it was the first blow at his reputation the Compte de Paris one of McClellan's staff officers said with more truth they had in point of fact created a great commotion shaken the confidence of the North in McClellan and made the first experiment in those great cavalry expeditions which subsequently played so novel and important a part during the war Richmond, Monday, June 16, 1862 my dearest Pauline I have just received your letter this morning I returned yesterday with General Stuart from the grandest scout of the war I not only helped to execute it but was the first one who conceived and demonstrated that it was practicable I took four men several days ago and went down among the Yankees and found out how it could be done the Yankees gave us a chase but we escaped I reported to General Stuart suggested his going down he approved asked me to give him a written statement of the facts and went immediately to see General Lee who also approved it we were out nearly four days rode continuously four days and nights found among the Yankee camps and settler stores every luxury of which you could ever conceived I had no way of bringing off anything General Stuart gave me the horses and equipments I captured what little I brought off is worth at least $350 Stuart does not want me to go with Floyd told me before this affair that I should have a commission on returning yesterday he told me that I would have no difficulty in doing so now I met Wyndham Robertson on the street today he congratulated me on the success of the exploit and said I was the hero and that he intended to write an account of it for the papers made me promise to dine with him today I send you some captured things the carpet was in an officer's tent there is no prospect of a battle here heavy reinforcements have been going to Jackson I got two splendid army pistols Stuart's name is in everyone's mouth now I was in both cavalry charges they were magnificent I have been staying with General Stuart at his headquarters the whole heavens were illuminated by the flames of the burning wagons etc. of the Yankees a good many ludicrous scenes I will narrate when I get home Richmond in fine spirits everybody says it is the greatest feat of the war I never enjoyed myself so much in my life Headquarters, Cavalry Brigade, June 20, 1862 Honourable George W. Randolph, Secretary of War General, permit me to present to you John S. Mosby who for months past has rendered time and again services of the most important and valuable nature exposing himself regardless of danger and, in my estimation, fairly one promotion I am anxious that he should get the captaincy of a company of sharpshooters in my brigade but the muster rolls have not yet been sent in I commend him to your notice most respectfully, General your obedient servant J. E. B. Stuart Brigadier General, commanding, Cavalry
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"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2vGTUEN7mE",
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PULPECTOMY
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A pulpectomy is complete removal of pulp from the crown and roots. The tooth is then filled with material that can be reabsorbed by the body. It's usually performed on baby teeth. A root canal starts with a pulpectomy, but the tooth gets a permanent filling or crown. It's usually performed on permanent teeth
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[
"PULP THERAPY",
"PULP TREATMENT",
"INFECTED PULP THERAPY",
"PULPECTOMY",
"DENTAL PULP",
"DENTISTRY",
"DENTISTRY N MORE"
] | 2020-10-17T04:02:42 | 2024-02-05T07:40:37 | 2,204 |
y29vAgW627w
|
So everybody, today's topic or the topic we are going to discuss now is Pulpectomy. I will be talking about all the things related or whatever a final year undergraduate should know and what and all is expected in an answer when asked about Pulpectomy, okay. So the main thing moving on is the definition. So now we have two definitions over here which are easy. So you need to learn both of them. This is important in respect to a theory as well as practicals, okay. So according to Matthewson, pulpectomy involves complete removal of necrotic pulpal tissue from the root canals and coronal portion of d vital primary team to maintain the tooth in the dental arch. Now according to Finn, pulpectomy is a removal of all pulpal tissue from the coronal and radicular portions of the tooth. Finn's definition is much easier to remember. So I would suggest you learn Finn and for extra marks or anything like that you can just learn Matthewson's definition also. Now moving on to why the pulpectomy is done, like the rationale behind it is it is to remove the irreversibly inflamed, nectotic, radicular pulp tissue and gently clean the root system. It is also done to obtrade the root canals with a filling material that will re-resolve at the same time as the primary tooth and be eliminated rapidly if excess extruded through the apex. Now what are we trying to achieve by doing a pulpectomy in a primary tooth? We're trying to achieve that the infectious process should resolve both clinically and radiographically following treatment. There should be a radiographic evidence of a successful filling without any cross over extension or under filling. The treatment should permit resorption of primary root structures and filling materials at the appropriate time and permit normal eruption of the succedaneous tooth. There should be no radiographic evidence of further breakdown of the supporting tissues and the treatment should elevate and prevent further sensitivity, pain or swelling. There should be no evidence of internal resorption or pathological changes. So moving on to the indications, like not every primary tooth which has been affected by caries and can be saved by doing a pulpectomy. So what are the indications? Basically primary tooth with pulpal information which are extending beyond the coronal pulp. If it is limited to the coronal pulp, a pulpotomy will surface. But if it's extending to the roots, then a pulpectomy has to be done. Now primary teeth with carious pulp exposure in which following the coronal pulp augmentation, the radicular pulp shows signs of hyperemia where the bleeding is not stopping. That suggests that the radicular pulp is also infected. Primary teeth with nectotic pulse, minimum root resorption and minimum bone destruction in the bifurcation area. Non-vital primary teeth with a sinus tract or abscess, pulpus primary teeth without permanent successors. Now in such cases, you want to keep the primary tooth in the oral cavity as long as possible because there is no permanent successor to replace it even if it falls off. So you want to prevent its loss as much as possible. Now pulplus primary second molars before the eruption of permanent first molar. Now like I said in the previous space maintenance thing, until the permanent first molar erupts you have to try saving the second molars, primary second molars as much as possible because then the repercussions or the problems that arise if we lose a pulplus primary, if we lose a primary second molar, are much more. A child patient having cellulitis due to infected primary tooth, a pulplus primary tooth in hemophiliacs, pulpus anterior teeth with speech, crowded arches, when the speech or the crowded arches or aesthetics are a factor. So if you lose the anterior teeth it affects the speech, then there is space loss which can occur because you have lost a primary anterior tooth and also the aesthetics. A pulplus primary teeth next to the line of a palatal cleft, pulplus primary molars supporting orthodontic appliances. You want them to be a strong abutment if an orthodontic appliance is to be given using these molars or primary teeth as support. So you know sometimes if they are decay you rather do a pulpectomy, if in case it's such as a pulpectomy has to be done and give a stainless steel crown and then an orthodontic appliance can be done on top of this. A pulplus primary teeth when arch length is deficient, a pulplus primary teeth when space maintenance or continued supervision are not feasible. In all these the keyword is pulplus, so there is already no pulp, you want to save these teeth but for different reasons. Now there are some contraindications such as when there is a non-restorable count, so you can't just do a pulpectomy and leave it, you need to give up filling or you need to restore it with a crown, stainless steel or a zirconium crown. But if there is no crown structure and a crown can't be given then there is no point in doing a pulpectomy. Periraticular involvement extending to the permanent tooth bud, so there is already extensive infection which is already affecting the permanent tooth bud so there is, it's not feasible to do a pulpectomy and to remove the infection so it's rather you remove the tooth. When there is pathological resorption of at least one third of the root with a fistulist act. Now basically what happens is when there is an infection there is faster resorption of the root, so when you see that the root has resorbed, you know, where at least one third of the root is gone, then you need to start thinking of alternatives and this excessive internal resorption, so again a good pulpectomy will not be, you know, can't be done because there is internal resorption means there is again infection which is leading to the resorption internally. Extensive pulpal floor opening into the burr bifurcation. Presence of a dead digital sort of follicular cyst is also a contraindication. Moving on til there are certain medical contraindications too, a child with a hard defect or any history of a heart disease, heart surgery, rheumatic fever etc. again a pulpectomy can be a source of endocarditis. So you would rather, you know, treat or you remove the tooth than let it be a source of an infection. Immunocompromised children such as malignant disease like leukemia, neutropenic for, you know, considerable periods of time. Systemic illnesses like hepatitis are children on long-term corticosteroid therapy are all on medical contraindications. Now there are certain inherent difficulties like, you know, a molar tooth, the root structure, you know, they have, it's curved to include the permanent tooth bud in between the roots. So it's a very curved root structure. So a very good cleaning and shaping is a very difficult to achieve very good results with a root, a curve like this. Now they also, these have a lot of collateral canals so, you know, leaving behind any kind of tissue or anything is highly possible so you need to be really good at this. Physiological root resorption. The root resorption starts early so you, what you think is the apex may not be the apex like in this case where I thought it could extend and then there was lateral resorption that had happened and the material extruded. There's also possibility of damage to the permanent successor when you get overzealous and, you know, extrude the files while doing the cleaning and shaping. So you can, or you can tend to damage the permanent successor tooth bud. Moving on there are two types of pulpectomy. There's a partial and there's a total or a complete pulpectomy. In total pulpectomy it is the extirpation of the pulp almost near the foramen where the root apex is fully formed and the foramen is sufficiently close to permit the obturation with conventional filling materials. While in partial it is done when the root is not completely developed or there's an open apex. So you leave behind some amount of vital tissue to induce root formation. Okay. Moving on the other types, two types of pulpectomy that's a single visit or a multiple visit. While in single visit it is applicable to vital teeth where the hemorrhage from the amputated radicular pulp stem is uncontrolled. So indications include a large carousel exposure with frank involvement of radicular tissue while the contraindications are when there are periapical changes. Multi-visit pulpectomies include when there's an infection, there's abscess or chronic sinus exist when there's non-vital primary teeth or their teeth with necrotic pulp and periapical involved. All of these suggest there's a lot of infection that is present and a single sitting will not be helpful because you know you give the tooth sometime to recover from this. So what we do in such kind of cases especially when there's an abscess or like there's cellulitis or something you open up the tooth you do not clean or anything you just make do an access opening and just leave it. Okay. Call the patient back another visit where the cleaning and shaping is done by then you know there is there's reduced reduction in the infection then you place a medicament in the canal so that the tooth heals by healing I meant that the infection reduces and then in the third visit you can do an obturation and finish the pulpectomy. There are certain steps in pulpectomy. First of all you take a preoperative radiograph to confirm the depth of the lesion the length of the root if there's any resorption if there's any internal resorption so you take a preoperative radiograph then once it's confirmed yes a pulpectomy has to be done you move on you give local anesthesia you apply rubber dam. Rubber dam can be avoided when there's cases of abscess or the cellulitis the patient it's already has a swelling it's in pain you can let go of the rubber dam then you remove the carious dentine or if there's any faulty restoration below which there was secondary caries that had happened then you do an axis opening okay recognize all the canals then you determine the working length the determination of working length can be done you you know you can do it radiographically or non radiographically I'll be telling about it later removal of pulp tissue okay you can use an h file remove the pulp tissue or you can use approach also to remove the pulp tissue you dibribe the canal right then moving on you do the chemo mechanical preparation irrigation or end drying of the canals and once you're satisfied you do an operation followed by a final restoration moving on axis opening for pulpectomy or primary treatment now this is one of the most important phases of root canal because this is where you you know you see or you recognize all the canals that are present sometimes they have three sometimes there will be four so you need to locate all the canals now the objective says obtaining a straight line axis right so you get a straight line axis you'd remove all the carious part of the tooth you do not leave behind anything conservation of tooth structure as much as possible and you de-roof the chamber followed that's the pulp chamber followed by exposure and removal of pulp. Now moving on you determine the working method like i said you do it either radiographically or non radiographically radiographically those conventional methods are the engulfed on the crosswind method you either do a digital radiographies or radiography radiovisuography or a tomography non radiographically you can use tactile sense where you you know you use this and where you put the files and you can feel it when you reach the apex right so you then you determine it like okay so this and you place the stopper and then you can use it on a scale or an end block and then determine the working length or a paper point you place the paper point you see how deep it's going the more it would have it'll be wet so you can make out how much how deep it's going and you can then measure the that apical PDL sensitivity or even apex locators here i'm just describing one method i think that's more than enough that is the engulf method you must have learned about it in endo so where you measure the tooth in the preoperative radiograph you subtract at least one mm for safety allowance then you place the instrument place the stopper and whichever point you're using at a represent point then you develop a radiograph you take a radiograph and then on the radiograph you measure the difference between the end of the instrument and the apex now if you feel you're extruded or gone beyond the apex then you reduce the length but if you feel if you're short of the apex if you're not yet reached the apex then you add it to the length that was determined before on the preoperative radiograph moving on you have the chemical sorry chemo mechanical preparation so this more commonly we use the hedge files because in hedge files you the cleaning happens or the shaping happens when you remove the instrument mostly canals are enlarged up to a size of 35 or 40 this is normally done in primary holders while in anterios the canals are already wide enough then cleaning and shaping is of is as cleaning the canals is as important as shaping now usually very commonly seen in primary tita zipping and perforation already there's very less to structure there's very less the thickness of the dentin that's present is less you need to be very careful you do not perforate the tooth and certain irrigants which are used sometimes it's a one person sodium hypochloride or even chloroxidine it's that is the choice we can use or even normally saline can also be used to wash out the fragments of pulpy tissue in because with sodium hypochloride you have to be very careful especially in children you need to take all kinds of precautions so that but if you're using a rubber dam that's nothing like it you can use sodium hypochloride. Moving on one of the ideal properties that we're looking at when we are when we try to choose an irrigating solution it's compatibility in terms of physical and chemical properties it should have an antibacterial capacity with chelating actions and should help in this tissue dissolve dissolution. Moving on to intracanal medicaments so sometimes when we have a tooth which is ridden with a lot of infections we do especially in the multiple visit pulpectomies we do place intracanal medicaments. Such medicaments are used to eliminate any remaining bacteria after the canal instrumentation and cleaning it's also you know helps in the reduction in the inflammation of the periapical tissue and pulpy remnants renders the canal content contains inert and utilizes any tissue debris it acts as a barrier against leakage from the any temporary filling and helps to dry persistently wet canals. So when you mean personally wet canals is when you have a beating canal which is where you have continuous pus or any kind of infection thing when you it keeps on coming in how much ever you do there's just you cannot dry so it's called a wet or a weeping canal. Common use medicament is calcium hydroxide. Moving on to obturation now the aim of obturation is to prevent the recontamination of the canal system from either a periapical or a coronal leakage and to isolate and utilize any remaining pulp tissue or bacteria in the canals. Now an ideal filling technique should assure that this complete filling of the canals without any overfill or with minimal or no voids. Now there's a certain criteria when you try to choose an ideal pulpyctomy material so it should be it should be a resorbable material you cannot use gutter pacha because the gutter pacha doesn't resolve so in a primary tooth the material that we're using needs to resolve ideally at the same rate as which the tooth resolves so that along with the tooth the material also resolves and it's lost along with the tooth. Then this it should have an antiseptic property it should be non-inflammatory and non-irritating to the underlying permanent tooth germ. It should be radiopic so that when you take a radiograph you should at least you can visualize how much of the material is filled and if in case you need to redo it it should be easy to remove and as well easy to insert into the canals. Moving on there are many different types of materials that are present. Y'all ideally should know what are the different types of materials and their contents. Now most commonly which we use for zinc oxide unusual taste it was discovered by bonus in 1837 and first used in dentistry by Chris Horman 1876. Now moving on to the composition there are two types now there's sorry then out of two types it comes in the form of powder and liquid. Now the powder contains zinc oxide, zinc steroid, zinc acetate and rosin. Well the liquid contains of eugenol, oils of cloves, vegetable or mineral oil, acidic acid and water. Easy to remember while the powder has a zinc oxide part the liquid has a eugenol part. What are the advantages with this material is that it's radiopic it has good plasticity it's cost effective also less cytotoxic to cells in direct or indirect content. Also it's an effective antimicrobial agent while the disadvantages include it's a sometimes underfilling is possible. There is foreign body reaction when overfilled like when you extrude zinc oxide foreign body reaction can occur and the resorption rate is slow that means if it's extruded it tends to remain in the tissue underlying tissue and can cause sometimes it causes a deflection of the permanent two part because permanent two part forms to extrude but there's you know there's maybe a small part of zinc oxide eugenol over there and then the permanent two part gets dislodged. Moving on to calcium hydroxide now this is now being you know very rarely used as a filling or as an obturated material more of a intracanal medicament. So you just need to know that what calcium hydroxide is one of the materials that was being used was introduced by Herman in 1930. Now there are different types of iodiform paste mostly the work of kri paste and the meister paste. Now the work of paste has consists of sterilized iodiform paste as a vehicle for a carefully blended mixture of parachlorofenol camphor menthol for root canal therapine primary teeth. Now the parachloroforma is 33.237 percent it acts as a disinfectant action depending on the liberation of chlorine in the presence of phenol. This liberation of clonine is what is acting as the antimicrobial for us. Then there's camphor and menthol in work of paste. Moving on kri paste now the composition includes iodiform, camphor, parachlorofenol and menthol. Advantage is being it has a disinfectant property again because of the parachlorofenol. Due to its smooth viscous nature it can be spun in with a lentil or spiral and injected with a precious thread. It is also resorbable and resorbs in synchrony with the root. Now this is one of the very acceptable properties of this is because it resorbs along with and the same rate of the tooth. Meister paste now it was developed by meister in 1967 composition includes zinc oxide iodiform, thymol, chlorofenol, camphor and lanolin. Now zinc oxide, thymol and lanolin is the additional thing to the contents of kri paste. Okay so kri paste had iodiform, chlorofenol and camphor. Now they added zinc oxide thymol and lanolin to make it a meister paste. These iodiform paste they resorb rapidly. Basically meister paste resorbs rapidly and it has no undesirable effect on the succidentity. It has a long lasting bactericidal potential. If extruded periapically it will be replaced with normal tissues. There is no foreign body reaction seen here. It doesn't set into a hard mass so if in case of any you know any time when you have to redo it then this it can easily be removed. Excellent healing properties and provides radioplasty. One of the downfalls of this is rate of resorption of material within the canals is faster than the rate of the physiological root resorption. We want this white apex again a very popular root canal filling material for primality. Composition includes iodiform, calcium, hydroxide and silicone. Remember the percentages if you can. Iodiform is 40.4% calcium hydroxide 30.3% while silicone is 22.4%. It comes as a premix paste and is enclosed in a syringe with a nozzle. Advantage is it is easy to apply. It resorbs at a slightly faster rate than the roots. No toxic effects on permanent successor even if we exclude this filling. Nothing happens to the permanent teeth and also it is radiopic. A newer material is endoflase. Again powder and liquid form. Powder has triiodomethine, anidine, dibutylol, ortho, chrysalis, zinc oxide, calcium hydroxide and barium sulfate. While liquid contains eugenol and parachlorofinol. Diode's pinto paste again it has three materials a rifocort, three medicines basically. Rifocort has which is pridnisolone acetate 5 milligrams which acts as a anti-inflammatory and antibiotic. Camphorated PMCC that is paramonochlorofin. 30% of PMCC, 70% of camphor both of which act as antimicrobial analgesics. Then you have iodoform which is basically iodine which acts as the antimicrobial. Moving on there is triple antibiotic paste also. So basically this is what is called LSTR. This is lesion stylization tissue reaction. Due to polymicrobial nature of the infected root canal, combination of antibacterial drug is required. Now there are three drugs which I use again metronidazole because of its wide bactericidal spectrum against anaerobic bacteria. Siprofloxacin which is again a broad spectrum antibiotic against aerobic gram negative organisms. Minocycline which is a long-acting antibiotic given against both gram negative and gram positive organisms and a liquid. To carry the three mix into the entire dentine and through the dental tubules to kill all the bacteria in the lesions. It basically uses to basically sterile the entire lesion. So you excavate, place this and the entire lesion becomes sterile. That means all the bacteria because these all the three antibiotics act on a wide range acts on both anaerobic and aerobic as well as gram positive as well as gram negative bacteria. Moving on to obturation techniques. Now you know what has to be done. Now how are you going to do it? You know of the different types of obturating materials. How are you going to place it into the canal? Now we have different types. You can use a lentilospiral technique or an endodontic pressure syringe. Incremental filling technique. You can obturate using a wet cotton. You can use pre-mix syringes like in the case of white apex. Mechanical or a tuberculin syringe technique. A jiffy tube method. Or even an amalgam plug-up. Now the thin mix of and reinforced zinc oxidoxenol basically is prepared and paper points are K files are covered with the material which I used to coat the root canal. First you make a thin mix coat the root canal and then a thick mix of zinc oxidoxenol is done. It's prepared rolled into a point and carried into the canal. How? Now carrying the thick mix of zinc oxidoxenol you can use a lentilospiral. Basically it's you know you can use the lentilospiral in a manual method or in a rating. Using a contra-ankle handpiece okay. So a lentilospiral or a v-mortified is held by hand. The coxid paste is carried by dipping the spiral into the mix. Inserted into the canal with clockwise rotation accompanied by vibrating motion to reach the apex. Then you withdraw from the canal while simultaneously continuing the rotate clockwise rotating motion. Process is repeated five to seven times until you feel that the canal is filled. Moving on enderontic pressure syringe. This is an enderontic pressure syringe. It consists of an internally threaded barrel with a threaded hub, a threaded plunger, threaded needle and a small bench. Using this syringe a very thick mix of zinc oxidoxenol can be forced through an extremely narrow gauge needle. One of the disadvantages are that it is relatively complex and the need to disable it to load additional filling material. The entire syringe has to be disabled just to load additional if you feel you're falling short of the material and also there's a need for immediate cleaning to prevent hardening of the filling material because zinc oxide sets into a hard mass. Moving on to an incremental filling technique. Okay so in this method an enderontic plug corresponding to the size of the canal with the rubber stopper is used to place a thick mix of zinc oxide into the canal. The length of the plugger should at least be 2 mm short of the root canal length. Okay whatever is your working length choose 2 mm short take a thick mix place it into the canal. A thick mix of zinc oxide is prepared rolled into a flame shape. Okay then again measuring that it's almost 2 mm short of the length of the working length you make that zinc oxide unit and start starting from the tapered part of the rolled mix. It is carried into the canal and tapped gently into the apical area. Then again additional increments of 2 mm blocks are added until the canal is filled. So you start so in this technique basically let's summarize it. You know what is the working length take 2 mm short take the plugger take around 2 mm of the thick mix place it into the canal so that is almost nearing the apex. Then you tap it gently make sure it's packed then next take another 2 mm put it into the canal again push it where you had previously stopped. Continue doing this until you feel that the canal is filled. Tuberculosis or a local anesthetic syringe can also be used these are again disposable this one again used to place the zinc oxide you should not paste. Now using wet cotton in this method you first zinc oxide is mixed taken into the root canal using a file or remover. Okay so you pack the canal with that and use a small wet cotton pellet and you can use it to condense the material inside the canal. You need to repeat it at least 5 to 18 but in this you do not have control and it can lead to extrusion of the material because sometimes if you put extra force while using the cotton pellet you're going to extrude the material. G-fetube method again a regular mix of zinc oxide is back loaded into this tube and then this part of the tube is placed into the canal orifice and the material is expressed into the canal by downward squeezing motion until you feel that material coming out of the orifice of the canal. Amalgam pluggers you've used amalgam pluggers to do an amalgam recitation you can use this in the same way use it to carry the zinc oxide into the canal. Pre-mixed syringes like Metapax and Vitapax are also used it's nothing you clean dry the canals place the tip into the canal as far as possible and then slowly withdrawing the syringe you start pressing the thing so you feel the material filling into the canals. One of the disadvantages is due to the thickness and limited flexibility of the plastic needle this is made of plastic the tip of the metapax syringe is made of plastic and it's not very flexible you may not be able to reach the apex okay and it's easy to use for primary incisors because the canals are much wider in the incisors but not very practical for especially narrow canals of primary molars especially the first primary molars they're very narrow canals. Moving on now you've finished an observation that's not the end you need to do a final restoration ideally it is to be done using a stainless steel crown also can be done using a composite restoration glass inamore restoration open face crown right even a miracle mix restoration can be done this is to prevent any kind of infection or any kind of you know outside kind of any infection reaching the canals again because you've cleaned it you've shaped it made sure you've you know you've removed all the infection but if you do not do a proper restoration post pulpectomy then if chances of failure is high okay now how would you define what is a success you know if a pulpectomy successful or not if there is no pathological mobility post pulpectomy there's no sensitivity to percussion or you know this healthy appearance of the soft tissue surrounding the teeth you know it is a success radiographically there is no evidence of bone or re-resorption except for that associated with the exfoliation process bifurcation radiolucency if any was present before pulpectomy has resolved six to twelve months post-operatively no periapaker radiolucency post-operative now sometimes pulpectomy fails right and what are the signs and symptoms there's pain the swelling as well as abscess there's over retention of the treated primary tooth a deflection of the erupting succidinous tooth you know if you have extruded the material there are succidinous tooth defects enamel defects in the permanent tooth if you see them that means the pulpectomy done before had failed over-opteration or an under-opteration both of which are again a failure or if there's a periapaker lapses post-treating then again it can be a failure now to summarize the entire the entire topic what was our goal our goal was to completely remove necrotic pulpal tissue from the root canals and the coronal portion of the prior d vital primary tool to maintain our tooth in the dental arch how are we planning we're going to do it do the access cavity preparation have straight line access to all the canals remove all the carousel tissue care of you know do a coronal pulpal petition locate the canals pulp extirpation from the canals determine the working length depride the canals do a chemical mechanical preparation of the canals use a proper irrigant whatever you're using if it's even a saline chloroxidine sodium hypochloric make sure it's properly used dry the root canals before you operate always dry the root canals then do an observation followed by a final restoration the different types of operating materials we could use a zinc oxidoge no calcium hydroxide or even the iodiform paste thank you
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"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y29vAgW627w",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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Jignesh Mevani: Grassroots Mobilisation only Counter to Hindu Rashtra
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While addressing a meeting in Delhi, Jignesh Mevani emphasized on raising common issues and connecting with people in order to counter the threat of Hindu Rashtra. "Today an attacking politics is being played regularly with the help of media which is doing golbandi (polarisation) of majoritarianism," he said.
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Please watch: "The Kanwars : Infamous Shiv Bhakts of North India, Bharat Ek Mauj, Season 2 E1 "
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=01w0jBWPu3Q
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[
"BJP",
"RSS",
"Hindu Rashtra",
"Communalism",
"Modi",
"ABVP"
] | 2017-05-15T13:11:24 | 2024-04-22T18:36:49 | 901 |
y2o9mW_mBiE
|
साफियो, जिस तरा से पुरा ये हिंदू रास्टर का खत्रा, अब नकेवल मंद्रा रहा है. बोथ साफ तोरपे वीद पीपल करिप-करिप विक्तिमस बन चुके होर बंद्रा है. और स्ववावे कुप से ये दिन परते दिन हिंसा की और हमारे समाच को लेजा रहा है. इस परिस्टिटी में अल्ड़ी एकसिस्टीं सीटुआशन के साथ साथ, चोड़ा इस मुद्दे के अपर भी चिंटन हो ये रीएकस्टनरी बने बिना, इसको हम के से कुवंटर गरे. साथियो सब से पहले दोचर भिन्दू जो हम सभी को मालूँ में, उसके बाओजो गुज़ात के 2002 के दंगो के संदर में दुबारा याद कराना चाहूंगा, रेखं किप करना चाहूंगा. की कोंवाद पर हिन्दुत्व की अथोज़ वेल्यो से बारकी समाज में, बहुती दीप रूटेडर एंट्रेंची. और उसमे साथ साथ जातिवाद भी आता है, लेकिन जिस तरा से गुज़ात में नरेंद्र मोदी की सरकार, उनकी पूलिस वर प्रशाशन ने प्रोेक्टिवली एक सोची समजी साजिष के तहें, जिक तरा से वायलंस कोज़े जन्म दिया, वो सबसे खतरनाख चीस पिछले बारा पंडर सालो के मरे देशकी राजिन की में सावित इसली हुए, कि उसके चलते नाकिवल गुजराद की जन्टा, लेकिन मोदी के सारे के सारे काले कारनामों को एक तरा से एकसेप्ट करते करते, वी देप पीपल का एक मोरल केरेक्टर भी बहुत डावन हो चुका है, भीना किसी इन्विस्टी केरीं एजन्सी, स्टेट अईभी, सेंट्टल अईभी, स्टीदी क्राइम, क्राइम ब्राईच, फोम दिपार्ट्में, रो, किसी भी एजन्सी को एक पैसे के भी क्लु हो, अस तु एकसेप्ट लिए बहुत है, गोद्रा, नरेंद्र मोदी गोद्रा पहुचकर साबर मती एकस्प्रेस के जले हुए, ट्रेन के दिभबे पे च़कर यह नाूंस्वैंट कर देपे है, कि यह पाकिस्टान में बेठे कुछ आतंग्वादी संगत्होनो का कार नामा है, एक उसे तुरन्प जो 56 लोग मरग है, कार सेवत उनकी देट बोटीस, उनके रिस्प्टिव फेमलीस को दिये बजाए, उसका हवाला, आम्दाबाद बेजकर विएच्पी के नेता जैएदी पतेल को सोपा जाए ताकी, उन लासो को आम्दाबाद की सड़ुको पर भीछाए, और जन्टा को प्रोग किया जाए, कि बकाईदा आप मुस्लिम्स्पी पर अटेक करना चालु करो, और तिसरी बाद गुज्डाद की अईपिएस राहुल सरमा की, सीटी के साडे नवलाग तेलिफान कोल से, कुस से भी या बाद कंकुलुऽिए अस्ट्राबली सुई, के देफिनेक्ली अन्डाउटेटली एक स्टेट स्पन्सर, स्टेट स्पन्सर तोन्स्पीरिसी इसली ही कि, कि बाभु बज्रंगी और गोर्दन जडद या और दुसरे परपेट्रेटर सुब क्राईम से उनके साथ, नरेंद्र मोदी के कारिया लेही में से कुछ तोप के भीरो क्रेट सीधे समवाद में थे, तो ये स्थक समवाद में थे के आदे आदे गंते उनोने बात की है, जिस में माया कुडना लीभी सामिल हो, तो ये स्टेट का एंवोल मेंट जिस ने दंगे को बडखाया, पुरे गुजरात में फेलाया और उसके बाज, तो के बाज, इसी तरा के, कोमवाद की पासीवादी राजनिती को आगे बदारते हुए, 2008 तक एक के बाज उनोने एंखाूंटरस तालू की है, ये दंगो की राजनिती, एंखाूंटरस की राजनिती है, उसके परलेल 2-3 चीजे चली, वो एक थी के हमारे दो और उनके पाच और उनके पचीस, ये वो लो है, जिनके पाच भीविया होती और पचीस बच्छे पयदा करते है। तिर गवरोग याप्रा निकाली, किस भाद का गवरोग लेरे, तो किस तरा से, बाबु बजनिंगी को एक गर्ववती, महला के पेट में तलवार माने के बाद, महराड़ा प्रताब जेसी फिलिंग जो उस्पाई, उस फिलिंग को चेरिष करते हुए गवरोग याप्रा निकाली. ये सारी चीजे एक से ज़ादा अकदेमिशियन्स, इंटलेक्चौलर्स, मिटिया परसंस के बहुत से, ये सब गलत हुए अउसे कहँए प्रताब बहुत से। अउआखनाद बहुत से यापाड शारी के चाड़ी देरो भार हमोगो ने जनता के सामने रखी।. लेकि में विकल्प राजनेतिक विकल्प नहोंने की बज़ा से, पत्नी कुँस्टरीबी को बलापकार करने के बाद दीवाएस्पी एंके आमिन ने एने स्थेश्याक एंजक्षन लिया यानी के वो बहुष की गए और बहुषी की अवस्ता में उसे जिन्दा जलागी है। और उसके बाद पिश्रत का एंखाूंटर भी होता है वही आज हम लोगो के सरक्यो पर थोपा जा रहा है तो मुझे लखता है इसके चलते उना की जो हिंसा हुई या पहलुखान को जिस तरा मार दिए गया लाते हार की गट्ना हुई, दादरी की जो गट्ना हुई आम्दबाद में महमोद अयुप की हत्या कर दी गए और अभी सहरन्पूर में भी जो वायलेंस हुँई सहरन्पूर के वायलेंस के बारे में लोग बाद करे तो आजी मनी सुभवाज़ से किसी से बाध हो रे दी तो मामला सिर फित्रा था के कही दिनो से वहांके खाखुर रो का एक प्रषर था डलीतो की अपः आप आप अपका रविदास का जो तेमपल है उसके प्रांगर में, उसके चोराए पे उसके चवूथर में जो ड़ाँबेट कर का स्टेच्छी। बनाने जारे है, वो मत बना वो हम लोगो को पसंद लिए सिर फित्रनी बात तो डलीतो का एसर सन वो अऔडलीतो का किसी भी असर बऒार हो वो उसके सहिनुट रहे और फिर वो आचलक महराने प्रताप की एक यक एक आपरा लेकर उस गाreen में पहुऊझते है और साथ से जादे इडको गर जला�ि ए चादे दिल्को यसी तर उटर गुजरात में अदलीट और मुसल्मानों के पर अटेक्स बड़रे, मुझे लगता है, उसको खान्तर करने का एक तरीका तव स्वाभेब गुप से यहे है, को वो जिस तरा के संस्क्रूतिक वेल्लूस हम लोगो के पर इमपोस करते, गाई को माता बनातर, यह भारत माता के नाम पे, यह सरस्वतीभ का गुन्गान करके, तो उसको तमलोगो को खान्तर करना ही चाईए, कभई पुट्ती और गदी माता नहीं तो गाई माता को चली एक समवात करते है, तो उस तरा से एक संसक्रूतिक प्रगतिषिल कंटेंट वाला सववात तो हम लोगो को जंदा के भीछ में लेजा रही चाईए, लेकिन साथ साथ, मुझे यसा लखता है की, हम लोगो का कही नकई वरकिं कलास के भीछ में, उनकी वरगी यह चेतना वहडे, और वो पुरे पुरी इंटेंसीति के साथ, अपने रोटी, कप्रा, मकान, शिक्षाथ, छिकिट्सा, फिक्स पगार, कोंट्रक सिस्कम, अनेमप्लोईमेंती, यह साथे सवालो के साथ, यह वरकिं कलास के तबके उटखड़े हो, और दलिट मुस्क्रिम्स की एक उनिटी, किवल रेटोरिक के तोरपे यह कुन्फरन्सिस वर सेमिनार में नहीं, एक मतेरिल रियालेटी बंकर, जिस तरा से उनाने प्रगत हुए, यह उस तरा से आने वहली दुनेमे के दुस्सिडे कारे कसम से बाहर आए, वो जब तक नी वगा तब तक कहीं नहीं, हमारी कनसल यह कितनी भी अची हो, भी लोग कहीं नहीं के गर्यक्स्टनरी बंकर नहीं जाते है, तो यह से वरकिं खलास के जनान दोलन हम्लोगो को पैडा करना होगा, जिस में हमलोग रीएक्स्टनरी ना बने और खुद का एजन्डा सेट करते हो, वो किस तरा से हो सकता है, और वो कितना क्रीटिवीटी के साथ हमलोग कर सकते है, उसके अपर खोडी बहुत हमलोगो की इन फोर्सिस को कांतर करने की, और खुट की सक्सेस आजीव करने का एक आदार उसके अपर हैगा, में एक रफ आईडया अपके भीष में खो करता हो, मन लीजी के उना के उना की गतना को, उना की वाड़ाग को भी जुलाई में एक साल होगा, उस एक साल के मोके बहुं लोग क्या कर सकते है, में आजा मानता हो के उना की अन्दोलन की सक्सेस के, तीं चार दीमेंशन से, उस में सब से महत वो पुर दीमेंशन यह था, के गाई की पुछ आप रब हो, वो जब हम कैता है, तब उनके कोमिनल एजंडा को तो रीजेप करते ही है, लिए के तब आप उनतस्तें के बहुज एस रहेते है, वहत लिंठे सुर्षी से चम्टछे बाआ। उसको जमीन पर उतार थब एजंडा से खाहा elo says we set up agenda, तो वो एजंडा कुध हमलोक सेट करे है, हमलोक सेट ख़े किते है, सब के भाईजुट, खुटकी ये जो भी सम्ता है, उसको जमीन पर उतार कर, खुटकी रेजन्धा सेट करने वालेगो कोंसे प्रुग्राम्स हों. मुझे लखता है की, एसा प्रुग्राम हम लोग क्यू नकर सकेग, जिस तरास अंद्यागेंस करज्शन होगा. हम लोग येसा एक क्या प्रुग्राम लेंज लोंज कर सकते आने वाले दो मेंने में, चार मेंने मेंने में, आप मेंने में, की अंद्यागेंस खुट्रक सिस्तम होग, जिस पे बारक वर्स के सारे बाम बन्ती प्रगतिषील दली तान्दोलन के साथ जुडे उलोग, तेड्विन के साथ सथ जुडे उलोग, जन्तर मन्तर प्याए आ राम लिला मेदान ब्याय और कहेगेगे, अंडुलो लोग को खुडका द्यागेंडा सेट करे उस तराक ले, अंडूलोबनों को खड़ा करना परेगा, और वो अंडूलोबनों को खड़ा करने के बिष्मम, जितना भी हम जनता के बीषमे जाए, यह दिजन्ता को किसी यह कारेक्र में मोबिलाई से हम लोग नहीं कर पार है तो जन्ता जाहा पर है, उनके भीष्य में हम लोग जाए और लगतार परषे बाते जाए, पोस्टरस क्यमपेनो, सोषिल मीट्या के जर्दिय क्यमपेनो जो ौता मुता मैएक लेकर भी उनके बीष्ट में जाए. यह जाए माटवरी पुलिटिक्स क्या है. बहरक माटवरी पुलिक्स क्या है. हम لوकों के अर्थिक सबाल क्या है. तु यो यो दिस में देश पर्छन्ध लोग। के पास अश्वी प्रती सट संपपती कि वो रुका कभजा है कौपोशण और अरग के संपभती लिए बिमारियो के चलते है, हर साल क्यों, नूहसार बच्छे मरिजाते है पचाच परती सब भहनो के वोडी में खुन की कमी क्यो है क्यों नबभी हसार करोड के नरमदा की कैनाल के बजज्ट के बाओजुद आदा गुज़्ात प्यासा क्यों क्यों पाछ लाख से जगदा करमचाडियों को पाछ साल तक साभे चाराजर के सल्डी पे अपके भीज में से कुई जनान्दूलन खडानियोंगा, तब तक में मान तव की लिए लिओज्टा का हिंदूराश्ट का जु पूरा कारोबारे वो चलता रहेंगा, जुस्टर सके जाद सक में मान तूग कि अब आपके और हम लोगु के भीजमें इस माड़ को लिकरतो तो कोी दोरा एए है यह नहीं कि अगटिन मुसल मानो को मार बगाओ और दूष्रा बज़ास्ते याणि कि सनातन दरमकी तुल्षो फीं वरन वेवस्ता को जातिवेवस्ता को कास सिस्ट्रम को इंटेक्तर को थी आश्तप यानी की सनातंद्रमकी जो फिلो सोपी है वरन्क वेवस्ता, को जाती वेवस्ता, काँ सिस्ट्रम को यन्ट्क्तर्व. हो सके तो और भिद् दॉरस्थोड अनहानच करो. तो हमलोगो के भीझ में भी ये आप दिबेत भी अए्डुलूजि किस्तरका जाती निर्मूलन कैसे हो? और जाती निर्मूलन कैसे हो? उसके स्ववाविप्रुप से दो पहलो आनु चाहिए, के कास्त हमलुगो की चिटना के साथ जुडाओवा सवाल है, तो अगर आद दे सेम ताएम उसके एक मतिरेल फाँन्देसम भी है, तो दलित अंदूलन के दिस् अड़ी, जाहा जाहा कर, दलित उंगॆ सल्मान की आभादी है, वहापर केखलूखान वहुना की बातनोो। पहलूखान वहुना की तो बात हो, महुम्मद आईउवर चाहिए भात हो है। उब the same source using both the active systems. तो the same working class. वो the same in the company. वहापर उलका, PF is not there? वहापर the same contact system. वहापर उलका minimum veggies isn't there? वहापर उलका shelter question, वहापर उलका civic rights question, बछी का Amedities question isn't there? यह वो the question is, हो अं Dono the questions हम लोग जब अच्छन रहा से leen kar prank with creativity और इस आन दो लोड़ो में यूथ को जोड़े, तब जाते ने मानता हूँ, कि हिन्दू रास्तर की, उनकी जातीवादी, कोम्वादी, फासीवादी, दीजाईन है, उसके सामने, कल्चेरल और मतीरेल एक अच्छा, रिस्पोंस और एक एजीटेशन फम लोग खड़ा कर पा�
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{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2o9mW_mBiE",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}
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BATTLE AT BIG ROCK MOVIE REACTION! | Thoughts and Review
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Jurassic World : Battle At Big Rock
Reaction, review and final thoughts. I have to admit I really enjoyed this short. Therre were a lot of elements that worked and only a few that didn't, mainly the endiing but hey, you can't have a perfetc 10. With absolutly stunning CGI, who doesn't like a good old fashioned throw down.
Link to video sync video here : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C7kbVvpOGdQ&t=5s
Let me know what you guys made of the short in the comments below.
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Battle At Big Rock:
Battle at big rock is a 8 minute short film set 1 year after the events of Jurassic World : Fallen Kingdom. Folowing a family on their camping trip they unwittingly become stuck in a prehistoric showdown between an Allosaurus and Nasutoceratops Family.
#BattleAtBigRock
#JurassicWorld3
#JurassicShortFilm
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] | 2019-09-16T20:00:05 | 2024-02-05T06:17:08 | 1,168 |
Y2kN2GSklcY
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hello everybody and welcome to a battle of big rock reaction review analysis sort of thing what we're gonna do is i'm gonna sit through the full eight minutes to make sure the universal gets all the money that they can out of my video afterwards maybe we'll go maybe we'll rewatch it maybe i'll probably skip to key scenes this has been only up for about two to three hours there is 84 000 views on it 8.3 likes oh sorry 8.3 likes 8.3 thousand likes and 154 dislikes so that's promising uh colin dravaro has said that this is gonna be more dark somebody on twitter said oh i'm gonna let my kid watch this and like parent to parent you should probably like it's a bit dark and for what i've seen like the sneak previews it is dark like as picture quality they're set at night i think but uh oh i'm looking forward to this this is gonna be so awesome so everyone grab your cups of tea the further to let's watch play play play oh oh there we go oh okay i mean you're you're it's it's drastic park music that's interesting i was going to say oh of course universal put no logo but i mean that's what movies do isn't it oh this is cool okay so there's it isn't like a camping site we did i mean we gathered that so there's no dinosaur preserve this is just a regular camping trip and we're about to die it's been two years fair enough i suppose oh this is cool yes i feel like i want to put this down i'm gonna get jump scared oh it's one of them so it doesn't look so good oh my god so they're everywhere what happened at what oh hinting towards other things i can't enjoy this because the alice was going to kill i feel oh yeah right on cue oh yes oh look at the beastie right dinosaur shut up dinosaur nerd alice i wouldn't know look oh no oh god they can't kill the baby they can't kill the baby oh oh god oh it it's it's surely dead oh dear oh this is so good hang on to something i'm getting flashbacks or the male with the bigger horns are there a dinosaur family i thought it was god oh no and then nobody suspected the baba oh dear topic and noises it is hang on to something oh my god i called it i'm surprised the alice or just didn't bite straight into it or there's the beauty cuts oh just on my cheek no where no whether it would actually matter like on the eyeball you know what i mean the baby still hasn't shut up i thought natural instinct were kicking with baby chilled oh god no oh i can see what collin meant now wow from breaking the window it smashed the whole caravan jesus yes eat them all eat them all i'm not the only one am i my god it's in the whole caravan t-rex is gonna come to save the day right i feel oh well he's fighting with oh my god what are you doing i guess you do anything wouldn't you is that the lost world oh oh oh my god jesus how far into they go or they just penetrate the scale wow it's not the park ranger if this turns out to be own gradient oh my god it's so funny oh i'm sorry i'm sorry who was it uh wait was that the neighbor's double crossbow how did she get that oh my god so this is a vibe we're gonna have for drossig world three i like it yes more carnage more dinosaurs killing things or he's trying to destroyed caravan i would assume yeah he didn't die he just went in yeah so that this will probably be part of oh there's something after the credits so just hold on oh the copies so dinosaurs are everywhere how the heck did that stegosaur get there oh he's dead right oh that this is the last one more copyright paris carlin knows i watch this he loves me are you are you going to yeah you are okay jumping the shark literally eating the jumping shark next level terraces yeah i thought so i mean it terraced all that big it would probably just it probably wouldn't have even seen the dove it would have just went for the bride white whoo oh is that it are we done we saw net a clayton video hold on oh wow that oh that was awesome i don't know what to say hey that was just so good for what it was don't know i'll not watch it again i'll not watch again oh wow okay for eight minutes i was a bit worried about the length i thought they wouldn't be able to pack enough into it to make it oh what that flew over but they got or like there wasn't enough time but hey it did fly over and there was loads of stuff paused on an amazing uh screenshot well where's the allosaurus when it comes out oh is that i could barely see because of the light oh it looks the allosaur looks really good like the animation on them or there's only just the stegosaur at the end i think where where's that stegosaur the copies were good yeah that stegosaur is not there that maybe they would just really push for time and that that bit yeah that definitely shows that's something off like one of those nat geoser dinosaur documentaries that that's beside the point um i love this start i love the start of it's it's it's a bit like a zombie movie you know like oh the first encounter was this oh but we've lost contact with boston and uh i like how the subtle hints throughout of the characters mentioning oh do you remember what happened in perth or something like that and i'm sure in drossal world three um whether these characters return i i think i don't think so it'd be kind of a strange i think they want to stick to clare owen and mazy now uh that kind of story there's there's the solid triangle uh with a extra ian malkham and alan grant added to the mix to make the top off yeah i they're definitely going to bring this up that that'll be a little phrase what happened a big one i like how they the homage to the lost world with the music cues um the tipping of the trailer the uh that was definitely hang on even this bit here when that always reminds me of like um when nick fano and just trying to break through right outside straight to the woods straight to the woods huh oh it's quite a lot yeah we didn't really see too much of the um pakirina source and it's not as overemphasized as its toy counterpart that in the toy had a huge head like the crest or the frill sorry i'm surprised that alasaw did not crack the skull like the baby nozuta saratopsa's skull when it was when it was holding it like this bit oh no no never mind that's when it got away and you just know you see a little baby thing it's going to die i like how we didn't have the baby try saratops though that would have made more sense because we saw the baby try saratops from the fall you know fallen kingdom so interesting that they've decided to go for nozuto saratops i feel like they're just okay let's bring in all the dinosaur species no matter whether they were ever confirmed on easterly new blood which is a bit of a shame because i i mean it's nice to see new species i think it's all because there's so many different dinosaur uh species out there it's always nice to see different ones highlighted but you know as far as it goes from like a narrative sense we never seen nozuto saratops i don't think some people have like slowed down the footage of them breaking out and falling kingdom went oh that could have been in nozuto saratops but come on there's a point when we're reaching and i think nozuto saratops was never confirmed there's people saying well henry woo uh dr who was maybe this way didn't spare time you know maybe this is a byproduct from somebody else who bought the dna but colin colin has confirmed that this alasaur is the same one from easterly new blood uh juvie uh so it's not new it's not genetically modified it is well you know as far as for drastic part genetics go as far as an allosaurus goes very bulky i mean it's it's a it's the drastic franchise it's Jurassic world allosaurus it's not prehistoric act prehistoric accurate we're not gonna get that that's it's not why people come to drastic park for uh sorry drastic world they i mean drastic park to start with was very good hold on i just want to see this goring sequence how did he not die hold on like it's it's got that thing right there it's nose is under its chest the horns are there i mean come on it's gold there's no way it's not gold there right like even if we hold on we could do amazing things with youtube okay okay we'll just we'll just mute that look it it's like and oh it looked like its horns actually disappeared there hold hold the phone did it hold did its horns just disappear there yeah horns and oh no maybe maybe just obscured by the alasaur neck but yeah that that's pretty much gold a hundred percent right i'll probably do in post i'll uh i'll scale up the brightness so you can probably see that a little bit better colin you did good now all you need to do is uh yeah hold on yeah let's just play it without any uh any sound all you need to do now is not waste ian malcom and alan grant especially alan grant holds a special place in a lot of people's hearts he wasn't the muscle hero man that i wouldn't grade he is he is just a general paleontologist who doesn't like dinosaurs anymore you need to really capture that i'm pretty sure sam neal maybe understood and understands the character i love i love that little hero shot but that that would be i like how yeah they could have easily have done that when the the pachyrhinosaurus adult comes in i think it is in lost world it's when you know when they're when eo mark comes about to tranquilize the t-rex at the very end of the movie it's quite nice that we're not seeing these dinosaurs in a way that is kind of showcasing this is point of view shots almost camera is from you know it's very low down perspective which course gives these dinosaurs more grandiose a scale you they feel bigger you know they're intimidating i like how this shot's exactly the same oh colin what do you like but yeah like this was really good i'm surprised the other side just didn't didn't go for the um adults straight away like there like it what is this thing it's like we'll get like this was a concept shot that's concept art right concept art right there this is this is the shot we're gonna end on how do we get there that's what it was see there you go if you want to stop an elosaurus you screaming it and launcher fire extinguisher on it i love though like when it's coming towards i'll turn off the sound when it's coming towards i think he actually wax it hold on and just from a realistic point of view something that large you're gonna whack it with a bit of metal you are not gonna move it bam there he he actually wax it and the elisor moves away that was real he'd whack it and get stopped on the elisor but i get it i get it we're gonna suspend our disbelief somewhat i really like the tone the way this movie is going and how it's setting up Jurassic World 3 it's nice to see something with so much love and care and the fact they didn't rush it out they they you know for not simon and shuster i mentioned it was gonna be simon and shuster i'm like learning a language at the end of every audiobook it goes simon and shuster so that's why my brain just went to i'm glad they didn't rush it they spent the time that needed to be done on it to make it a really good piece at the expense of it not being that uh you know the film sort of show at the expense of all the planning they did for the evolution for Jurassic World alive for the toys to just sort of go out separately um big kudos big kudos to you know for the for the piece that they wanted to see they wanted for us to see especially for us to appreciate you know to enjoy uh not so much appreciate like they're they're on us but you know so that we can be like wow okay that was good um they took a lot of knocks there and that's commendable i would say because it be i mean you see franchises all the time i just get it out oh it's got a deadline this obviously wasn't ready and they pushed it back and gave it the love that it deserved um so yeah if you've enjoyed this video uh leave a like uh tell me what you thought of it colin if you really love me just ring up universal and be like that that game and be the guy let him off just just don't monetize that one don't claim it but i know automatically will be claimed of course um and like it will hit anywhere anyway that's beside the point uh thank you guys for uh watching this video i much appreciated uh all the support on this and other series that i do um i um in the process of moving everything here like you got like i've got mixes everything um i mean this is the room at the moment it is just a mess of loads of stuff and that is not counting what's beyond that door beyond that door is a complete mess so uh you know i've like this is the setup at the moment i've had to turn that this this monitor inside to fit that in so i can actually see um the screen otherwise this camera would have been right in front of it and that would have been terrible but yeah um thank you uh for supporting me all this time it's because of this franchise um that i've been able to do everything that i've been able to do with the channel and your support of course um so i'm humbled is the word to not cliche it but yeah uh so until next time i'll see you in another video bye-bye
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Snow Plow Driver From Crow Wing County Shares Tricks Of The Trade
|
[
"Lakeland Public Television",
"LPTV",
"PBS",
"Bemidji",
"Minnesota",
"MN"
] | 2018-03-28T04:45:54 | 2024-02-05T16:24:42 | 158 |
y2HWmj8Wx6k
|
After the snow storm yesterday, Crowan County plows were out for nearly 12 hours and then back at it again early this morning. Our Sarah Winckelman wrote along with one County snowplow driver to hear his experience behind the wheel that keeps the drivers of Niswas safe. It's a something different every day and. Fallen is actually kind of fun when you get some wet heavy snows like last yesterday and today. It's just. It's fun watching it come off the wing. It's never the same day twice in a row for snowplow driver Jeff Warzeca, who is one of 16 plow drivers for Crowan County. But as for today, the crew head out at 3 AM. It's a nice relaxing job and. Get in here and. Watch the watch the nature and. Hope you make it home safe. After working 11 years for Crowan County, Jeff says he knows his routes pretty well and has found the system to get the best results. Priority ones priority twos. And then priority threes and all kind of bases on traffic count. Priority one roads are routes that have 5000 cars travel per day. The county has a goal to get those cleared 6 hours after a snow event stops and get in the road opened up for the public and. Getting them to point A to point B in this safely manner. No matter what type of weather, mother nature throws his way, he says the most dangerous part of his job are the other cars out on the road. That's probably one of our major hazards on the road as other people. They just don't give us room and. Slow down at all. It's a lot to keep track of with the road in front of him and keeping a lookout for those pesky mailboxes and garbage cans. I'm just kind of watching the line in my mirror there. It's kind of some. Gotta kind of just guess and feel it, I guess. But even with long and often strange hours, Jeff takes a lot of pride in his work and says he wouldn't want to have it any other way. It's a good feeling. Although we hope this snow will stop for the season soon if it does continue, Jeff will be out keeping the roads clear and safe reporting in Niswa Sarah Winkleman, Lakeland news. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland news, please consider making a tax deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.
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President Reagan’s Toast to President Miguel De La Madrid Hurtado of Mexico on May 15, 1984
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Full Title: President Reagan’s Toast during the State Visit of President Miguel De La Madrid Hurtado of Mexico in the State Dining room followed by Entertainment by Gloria Loring in the East Room on May 15, 1984
Creator(s): President (1981-1989 : Reagan). White House Television Office. 1/20/1981-1/20/1989 (Most Recent)
Series: Video Recordings, 1/20/1981 - 1/20/1989
Collection: Records of the White House Television Office (WHTV) (Reagan Administration), 1/20/1981 - 1/20/1989
Transcript: https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/research/speeches/51584d
Production Date: 5/15/1984
Access Restriction(s):Unrestricted
Use Restriction(s):Unrestricted
Contact(s): Ronald Reagan Library (LP-RR), 40 Presidential Drive, Simi Valley, CA 93065-0600
Phone: 800-410-8354, Fax: 805-577-4074, Email: reagan.library@nara.gov
National Archives Identifier:66383938
https://catalog.archives.gov/id/66383938
|
[
"Ronald Reagan",
"U. S. National Archives",
"Reagan Presidential Library",
"Mexico",
"State Dining Room",
"Nancy Reagan",
"Gloria Loring",
"Miguel De La Madrid Hurtado"
] | 2017-05-01T14:48:55 | 2024-02-05T06:33:30 | 1,501 |
Y2QfIVgRiKg
|
President and Mrs. De La Madrid, distinguished ladies and gentlemen, it's been our pleasure to have you as our guests this evening. Being here with so many friends from Mexico, I can't help but take my thoughts back to California. Tonight is reminiscent of the gala evenings in old California. The vineyards, the music, the pride and accomplishments of the Hispanic frontier men and women. Individuals who conquered a wilderness but while doing so maintained a phenomenal level of dignity. All of this and more reflects the character of a people whose legacy is now shared by the citizens of our two countries. I'm not certain it goes back as far as the Hacienda days, but I would like to extend to you a traditional greeting that I've adopted as my own just as I adopted California. President, Mrs. De La Madrid, mi casa es su casa. Today we've had frank and fulfilling discussions. President, I hope you agree with me that although we do not see eye to eye on everything, it is clear that we as individuals and our two nations as well remain solid in our friendship and undeterred in our trust. The goodwill between us goes far beyond the transitory issues of the day. Our people recognize that issues, even those that seem important to the moment will someday pass from the scene. What will not change are the many gifts and mandates given to us by God that serve as the basis of our societies. I can't believe that the Lord brought us to this level of political, social and economic development that he located us, the Mexican and American people, in such proximity and did not intend us to be friends. In the last 50 years, when people of bordering countries in so many parts of the world were killing each other or were immersed in envy and hatred, the mutual respect and ever-increasing cooperation between our peoples and governments shined in contrast. Our trade and commerce is a powerful engine for economic progress for both our countries. The cultural and social ties between our people enrich and add diversity and flavor to our everyday lives. Yet the cement with the strongest grip is found in the ideals and values that our people share. President Thomas Jefferson, a man so important to the development of human liberty, outlined in his first inaugural address some of the aspirations of our New Republic. Although spoken 183 years ago, the words still ring true. Our desire in foreign affairs, he said, was equal and exact justice to all men or whatever state or persuasion, religious or political, peace, commerce and honest friendship with all nations. I heard an echo of these sentiments last August in La Paz, when you, Mr. President, said nationalism, cultural identity, freedom, democracy, economic development with social justice and independent foreign policy and defense of our territorial integrity are shared values embodied in our national design and vital bonds that link us all. Mr. President if we can be guided by these principles with our shared values and interests overshadowing momentary disagreements, surely the good will between us will endure and our relationship will continue to shine as an example to others. And now, will all of you join me in a toast to our honored guests, to President and Mrs. Dela Badrid, to their health and to the continued goodwill between our two great nations. Mr. President Reagan, Mr. Reagan, be my first words to thank you, the final cordiality that we have received in our visit to Washington today. President Reagan, Mrs. Reagan may my first words be to express my gratitude for the kind courtesies that we have received during our visit to Washington this today. Tanto en nuestras reuniones de trabajo como en este amable evento de este momento hemos recibido pruebas de una amistad afectuosa, cordial, que mucho estimamos mi señora y mis acompañantes. Both during our work meetings and today during this dinner we have seen proofs of affectionate and cordial friendship that both my wife, myself, and the members of my party appreciate very much. Este tipo de diálogos son siempre fructíferos, nos permiten comparar nuestros análisis, nuestra percepción de la realidad y conocernos mejor a través de verificar coincidencias, acuerdos y también diferencias. This kind of a dialogue is also always fruitful. It makes it possible for us to compare our analysis and evaluation, our perceptions of reality to agree on our similarities and also to know our differences. La geografía nos ha influido mutuamente y nos ha determinado a relacionarnos. Nos ha aconsejado no solamente ser vecinos, que es una fatalidad geográfica, sino hacer amigos, que es una cualidad que deriva de la voluntad y del entendimiento. Geography has influenced both of us. It has led us to be neighbors and it has led us to be friends. Neighbors we are because geography is as it is, but friends is something that comes from our own self. It is a quality of the human being. Los amigos siempre buscan ampliar áreas de consenso y reducir diferencias. Friends always seek to extend areas of consensus and to make their differences smaller. A buscar fórmulas de superación a los problemas de nuestra estrecha, compleja y amplia relación. To seek formulas to overcome the problems that come from our close, complex and very broad relationship. La amistad supone todo esto. Sinceridad y franqueza. Dignidad y respeto en el trato. Cotejo sereno de nuestras discrepancias, pero sobre todo, buena voluntad. Friendship presupposes all of this. There must be sincerity and frankness, dignity and respect in our dealings. Careful examination of our discrepancies and above all it demands goodwill. Differences of opinion are natural and can be explained among human beings. They can be explained among us. Y aunque hemos tenido caminos análogos en nuestro trayecto histórico, nuestra mixtura racial, cultural nos ha dado una diferente percepción de la realidad y una diferente sensitividad. Differencia que por otra parte enriquece al género humano y evita la uniformidad que no es el valor que estimamos los hombres libres. Even though Mexico and the United States have often traveled the same road, even though they stem from the same roots, there are differences in our culture and these differences have made our sensibilities also different. It has come to enrich the human race because it is variation which is needed for this enrichment. It is not good for everyone to be just the same. Los mexicanos nos encontramos ahora frente a frente con una rica y fuerte personalidad nacional y cultural. In this way Americans and Mexicans find themselves face to face with a rich culture and a rich and profound perception of our nationalities. Pero no solamente hay diferencias, no solamente hay contrastes entre nosotros. Las analogías, los parecidos también son evidentes. But there are not only differences among us or between us. Analogies are also evident. Nuestras dos naciones han fincado su sistema político y social con la aspiración de vivir en libertad, construir permanentemente la democracia y buscar la igualdad de oportunidades para todos sus integrantes. Both nations have rooted their political and social systems in the aspiration to live in freedom, to permanently build democracy and to seek the equality of opportunity for all. Ambas naciones postulamos el respeto al derecho y la justicia como norma de una convivencia pacífica y digna. Both nations postulate respect for law and justice as a norm for peaceful and dignified coexistence. Y lo que también hace parecidas a nuestras naciones, señor presidente, es que no somos sociedades congeladas o estancadas, somos sociedades abiertas al cambio. And that which makes our two countries similar, Mr. President, is that we are not societies that are frozen and opposed to change. We are societies that are open to change. Los que amamos la libertad debemos estar abiertos al cambio. We who love freedom must be open to change. No podemos congelar el espíritu humano. We cannot freeze the human spirit. Y por eso también estamos obligados a ser tolerantes. And it is for this reason that we are also obliged to be tolerant. Señor presidente Reagan, nuestras conversaciones han signo dignas y cordiales. President Reagan, our conversations have been honorable and cordial. Están reflejando un propósito común. They reflect our common purpose. Ampliar acuerdos y reducir discrepancias. To extend the areas in which we agree and to reduce our differences. Pero el camino es largo. But the road to travel is a long one. El camino de la vida de los individuos es limitado, pero el de las naciones no tiene horizonte histórico. The life of individuals has a limit. But the life of nations does not have a historical horizon. Lo importante es que en esta reunión hemos renovado la voluntad política de seguir recorriendo este camino como naciones y como individuos con empeño y con buena fe. The important thing about this meeting is that we will have renewed our will to continue to travel that road as individuals and as nations that are living in good faith. Como decía yo a medio día en la comida amable que me ofreció el secretario Schultz, sabemos los mexicanos que ustedes desean vecinos libres, dignos y fuertes. As I said before during the luncheon that was kindly offered me by Secretary Schultz, we know that you want to have a dignified prosperous and strong neighbors. Es importante que una potencia mundial que ha alcanzado un poderío sin precedente en la historia del mundo pueda decirle a las demás naciones tenemos vecinos dignos, no esclavos. It is very important that a powerful nation such as the United States which has been the most powerful nation of all can say to the other countries we have neighbors who are dignified they are not slaves. Hago pues señor presidente Reagan votos porque este trato amistoso, respetuoso y digno que hemos construido los mexicanos y los norteamericanos a través de nuestra historia sea la tónica de nuestra relación. I therefore President Reagan expressed my hope that this partnership with dignity and cordiality that has been built by the Americans and the Mexicans will always be the common denominator of our relationship. Que sigamos siendo capaces para desarrollar talento y voluntad y seguir fortaleciendo de esta manera nuestra amistad en beneficio recíproco de nuestros pueblos. That we shall always be capable with talent and goodwill to continue to strengthen our friendship to our mutual benefit. Este es el pensamiento y la voluntad del pueblo de México y estoy seguro que la misma actitud existe en los Estados Unidos. This is the thinking and the will of the Mexican people and I am certain that there is this same thinking and the same will in the United States. Por ello expreso mis mejores votos y mi seguridad de que las relaciones entre México y Estados Unidos se mantendrán vigorosas porque se fortalecerá nuestra voluntad de entendimiento porque nuestra amistad se seguirá estrechando y propongo a ustedes levantar nuestra copa para brindar por la felicidad personal del señor presidente Reagan y de su encantadora esposa Nancy por la felicidad y por la prosperidad del gran pueblo de los Estados Unidos y por los valores en los que creemos conjuntamente libertad, democracia y justicia. That is why I express my wishes that the relations between Mexico and the United States will always be vigorous, that they may be strengthened by our will to understanding and because friendship and cooperation is what will bring us together. I wish to ask you to join me in a toaster to the personal happiness of President Reagan and his charming wife Nancy, to the happiness and prosperity of the American people and to those values which we share which are freedom, democracy and justice. You have survived all I know is how I feel when it's real I keep it alive the road is long there are mountains in our way but we climb a step every day love lift us up where we belong where the eagles cry what a mountain love lift us up where we belong far from the world we know where the clear winds blow on to used to be live their lives looking behind all we have is here and now all our life out there to find the road is long there are mountains in our way but we climb a step every day love lift us up where we belong where the eagles cry what a mountain what do you think my friend Tom shell at the piano that was so pretty good evening thank you very much thank you very much thank you that's so nice almost got the words right too by some Spanish you really would have heard of us well Gloria Laurie thank you for entertaining us magnificently tonight you know she does more than sing she's an accomplished actress she writes songs she has a sense and a spirit of community and does good things in that direction too and we're just so very grateful so much gracias I have to tell you she does do good things I heard her at a public kind of a thing the first time I'd ever heard her sing and she was doing the national anthem and I said to Nancy after it that's the first time I ever really heard the song
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Yên tĩnh và Ồn ào! - Quiet and Loud! (Vietnamese)
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Bạn có thể giúp trẻ tìm hiểu về sự khác biệt giữa yên tĩnh và ồn ào với hoạt động này, sử dụng nói hoặc hát. Điều này giúp một đứa trẻ tìm hiểu về âm thanh và âm lượng.
Dạy cho cuộc sống là một phong trào toàn cầu của những người chia sẻ kiến thức để giáo dục con cái tốt hơn và tạo ra hy vọng cho thế giới.
Vietnamese translation by Huyen Huyn and Anh Le. Narration by Anh Le.
You can help a child learn about the difference between quiet and loud with this activity, using speaking or singing. This helps a child learn about sounds and volume.
Teach for Life is a global movement of people sharing knowledge to better educate our children and create hope for the world.
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TeachforLifeICT/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/teachforlife_
Instagram: https://instagram.com/_teach4life_
Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/teachforlifeICT/
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[
"pre k",
"teaching",
"education",
"teach for life"
] | 2020-05-22T19:58:38 | 2024-02-15T16:18:03 | 69 |
y2eZLTSdf-k
|
Bạn có thể giúp trẻ tìm hiểu về sự khác biệt, giữ yên tĩnh và ôn áo bằng cách sử dụng dòng nói của bạn. Bạn có thể bắt đầu bằng cách thi thăm. Đây là yên tĩnh, con có thể nói khẽ không? Và trẻ có thể nói khẽ? Sau đó, bạn có thể nói to? Đây là ôn áo, con có thể nói to không? Và trẻ có thể nói to? Bạn có thể cùng trẻ vui đu bằng cách nói khẽ? Và sau đó nói to? Bạn cũng có thể làm điều tương tự với ca hát? Bằng cách này, bạn đang giúp trẻ hiểu rằng âm thanh có thể có nhiều âm lượng khác nhau.
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Fatehabad News | ਮੁੰਡੇ ਦੀ ਅੱਖਾਂ ਸਾਹਮਣੇ ਨੂੰਹ ਨੇ ਘਰੋਂ ਕੱਢੇ ਸੱਸ ਸਹੁਰਾ | Abandoned old Parents | News18
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Fatehabad News | ਮੁੰਡੇ ਦੀ ਅੱਖਾਂ ਸਾਹਮਣੇ ਨੂੰਹ ਨੇ ਘਰੋਂ ਕੱਢੇ ਸੱਸ ਸਹੁਰਾ | Abandoned old Parents | News18
#fatehabadnews #AbandonedoldParents #news18punjab #punjabnews #punjablatestnews #latestnews
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News18 ਪੰਜਾਬ/हरियाणा/हिमाचल एक क्षेत्रीय न्यूज़ चैनल है जिसपर ਪੰਜਾਬ, हरियाणा, हिमाचल, देश एवं विदेश की खबरें प्रकाशित की जाती हैं | समाचारों क साथ-साथ इस चैनल पर समकालीन विषयों पर वाद-विवाद एवं विशेष सीरीज भी प्रकाशित होती हैं जो की काफी रोचक एवं सूचनापूर्ण हैं |n18oc_Punjab
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[
"news18 punjab",
"punjab news",
"punjabi news",
"news18 punjab haryana",
"News18",
"Latest News",
"Abandoned old Parents",
"fatehabad news",
"fatehabad",
"fatehabad latest news",
"fatehabad news today",
"fatehabad today news",
"news18",
"news18 punjab news",
"news18 punjab latest news",
"punjab today news",
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"punjab police",
"today news punjab",
"punjab breaking news",
"punjab government",
"latest punjab news",
"news punjab",
"latest news punjab",
"punjab politics",
"aap punjab"
] | 2023-12-25T12:40:00 | 2024-04-23T13:29:49 | 237 |
y2Dnvh5QbtQ
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नूने करों काडते सास सवरा कड़ाके दी ठान्द देवेच सरका ती बज़ेने बजुर्ग रोंदी होई मा पोच रे ही आपना कसुर इना बजुर्गा दी एक लोड़ी ओलादने एस तरीके दैनना लवतीरा की ता करों बाहरी काड़ता दर दर दी आ तोक्रा खारेने बजुर्ग रो रों के पुलिज्दे को लों साप दी मागगार रेने दर सल एना बजुर्गा दी एक लोड़ी ओलाद सी मुन्दा एना माब आपने पूरी जिन्दगी अस बच्चेनु याने कि अस मुन्देनु पूरा उन्दे वेच्छ देन राद दे काड़े दी रेक माप्यो आपने बच्चेनु पूरा उन्दे लेई मेंट कर दाए किअकि उस दे बड़ापे दा साभरा उस दा मुन्दा ही बनेगा इना नु एनी पतासी केना दी ओलाद गन्दी लिक कल जावेगी नू दे वलो आके सास सवरे नू बाहर कड़े आगया ते जिडा मुन्दा ही उ कुरने ते कड़ा चोप रहा उस दे वलो कोजवी नहीं बोले आगया दादिए के ए मामला गोंडी सुपे नू बाहर कड़े दादिए दादिए तोक्रा खान तो बाद इना नु मंदर दा साहरा मिले आ मंदर दे वेच रहा के इना ने अपनी राद कड़ी ते रो रो के उस दिना नु याद कीता जा दिना ने आपने मुन्दे दे लेए देन राद दे कर के उस नु प्राया सी पर इना नु ए नी पता सी के उव्या करोन तो बाद इंज बदल जावेगा के नु दे वलो इना नु बाहर कड़े ता गया ते उ खूँने देवेच कड़ा चूप रहा आउ इना बजुरक माप्यों तो ही जानते है इना ते यह आई माम लाई भी अमें वो गर मेरे नहीं लिजें भोन नहीं देवी भो। क्या ना होए पुजा और किने बटे है आप गी एक बटे है क्या क्या रहे है वो के ते गर से निखलो आप और बटे को पिटरा उसकी बट्ष लिया जावेगा और बटे का है अप का पता दी का है अप तो साद लिए से बार गोंडे है गर के अंदर नहीं पटरन देवी हो आप क्या क्या गर यहे अप यह निखलो आप जावेगा से बार अंदर आप न्च्री निगर में देदी किने ताम पाले सादिवी बटीगी का असी
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"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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UCkY5L8JYwx7BT0cOXYZX_dw
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Maj. Gen Henry Edmund Memorial: Book Unveiled, Captures His Biography | NEWS
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The family of Major - General Henry Edmund Olufemi Adefope organized a memorial event and a presentation of His Biography to commemorate his life and times in Lagos.
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|
[
"News",
"Politics",
"Nigeria",
"Africa",
"Plus TV Africa",
"Plus TV",
"Plus",
"Plus TV Nigeria",
"Plus Television",
"Plus TV News",
"Justin Akadonye",
"Osarogie Ogbonmwan",
"Top News",
"news",
"trending",
"destiny momoh",
"mercy ebokpo",
"adebanke odunuyi",
"channels news",
"arise tv",
"legit news",
"tvc news",
"BBC",
"CNN",
"BBC news",
"CNN news",
"latest news",
"breaking news",
"buhari",
"osinbajo",
"Destiny Momoh",
"channels",
"tvc",
"al jazeera",
"newscentral"
] | 2022-03-18T10:19:27 | 2024-02-05T06:25:59 | 222 |
y2U7W6PWcxM
|
The family of Major General Henry Edmond Olufemi Adefobe organized a memberial event and a presentation of his biography to commemorate his life and times in Lagos. Gózeika Ohae-Jesse reports. It's over a decade since General Henry Edmond Olufemi Adefobe passed. Major General Adefobe served in the Nigerian Army and as a Minister of Foreign Affairs, a member of the International Olympic Committee from 1985 to 2006, and a honorary member of the International Olympic Committee since 2007. This event was to celebrate all he was and stood for during his lifetime. Family, friends, colleagues, business associates and statement were all in attendance. Olufemi Adefobe Adefobe Okoji, first daughter of the late general, shared a brief biography of her father. He loved nature and was conscripted by the Lagos Horticultural Society as their president, which position he held for many years until he pleaded to be released. As president, he was able to secure a large hectares of land for the society on Lagos, a Badagri Expressway through Govno Rajirasaki. He together with his life loved family, both nuclear and extended. Ipane was set up to have a fireside conversation about Major General Adefobe's selfless service and dedication. The legacy that he left behind in the labour movement was that before he became a minister, the first generation of unionists have been trying to have one labour center. In fact, they had the first Nigeria Labour Congress in 1950. The four major unions, you know, ULC, WFU, they have been struggling to form the second one, but General Adefobe put his feet on the ground and brought these four centers together with produce the Nigeria Labour Congress that we have today. In his acceptance speech in 1967 as the chairman of the National Sports Commission, he vowed to do one thing, to develop sport and ensure that every young man and woman that needed to participate in sports and rise from the grassroots level to any level they can get, he was going to do that. The unveiling of the book in his honour was the highlight of the event. It's such a privilege and honour and I'd be grateful if we would all do it together. So we unveiled the book in honour of this legacy of honour, integrity and selflessness. I want you to support the Adefobe Foundation by buying several copies and donating to libraries. The Henry and Dorothy Adefobe Foundation is continuing to support and promote sports and youth development to keep his memories alive. Gozika, Ohio Chelsea, Plus TV News.
|
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"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2U7W6PWcxM",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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UCrYxuLzyp8ixiZOK62kcslQ
|
President's Message for International Day of the Girl 2018
| null | 2018-10-10T23:32:41 | 2024-02-05T06:41:27 | 364 |
y23zJQbJq9M
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Greetings from the Commonwealth of Learning on International Day of the Girl. The theme this year is, with her, a Skilled Girl Force. It calls on the global community to work with and for girls to expand learning opportunities and equip them with the required skills to successfully transition into the world of work. The Commonwealth of Learning has been at the forefront of providing opportunities for girls to attain skills for employability or entrepreneurship. Young people are a key resource for the future of our society, accounting for over 15 percent of the world's workforce. According to the 2017 Global Employment Trends for Youth Report, 34.4 percent of the women and girls globally are neither in employment, education or training as compared to 9.8 percent males. So how is KOL contributing to the development of a Skilled Girl Force? By harnessing the potential of technologies and using innovative approaches to increase access to education and training. Thanks to grants from the governments of Canada and Australia, KOL has trained thousands of marginalized girls in skills for livelihoods in five countries, Bangladesh, India, Mozambique, Pakistan and Tanzania. In the last two years alone, we have trained over 47,000 women and girls of whom nearly 9,000 have new sources of income generation. One of these girls is Sidra from Pakistan. Sidra, a school dropout, learned sewing machine operation with KOL support and upon completion started her own tailoring business at home. She now earns an average of 40,000 Pakistani rupees every month and has enrolled in a secondary school. Sidra is paying her sibling's tuition fees and also supporting her family. KOL is also contributing to breaking gender stereotypes and harmful social norms by training girls in non-traditional skills such as computing, mobile repairs and electrical installation. Zinha in Mozambique was already being prepared by her father for marriage to a well-to-do man when she enrolled in a KOL supported electrician's course. She has completed her training and has become a powerful advocate against child early and forced marriage. Another example is from Tanzania where Agatha became pregnant when in form one and this marked the end of her formal schooling. Many girls like her have their dreams cut short and lose the chance to acquire the necessary skills to enter the job market. However, after enrolling in KOL's project, Agatha gained the skills of food processing, soap and batik making. She has now registered to continue with her secondary education and she hopes to go on to study engineering at the university level. These are about three examples of how girls from the remotest communities have gone from dependency to becoming members of a productive girl force. KOL not only supports the skilling of girls but links these learners with employers and financial institutions in their communities. One of the reasons for the success of KOL's project is that it actively involves the girls, the families and the communities. KOL works with the girls to define their needs and catalyzes the linkages between key stakeholders. This is a participatory approach that works with the community to support girls learning for sustainable livelihoods. On this international day of the girl, let us celebrate our successes and resolve to take up the many challenges that still remain. Our mothers had very limited options. Today, girls know that the world of endless opportunities awaits them. The sky is the limit and the only limitation for girls today is if they limit their imagination. Let your imagination soar and work hard to make your dreams a reality. This is what girl force is all about. Thank you.
|
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"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y23zJQbJq9M",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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|
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UCddn8dUxYdgJz3Qr5mjADtA
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Podcast: Rate Your Diet
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On a scale of 1 to 10, would you say you get a good score? This episode features audio from:
https://nutritionfacts.org/video/calculate-your-healthy-eating-score/
https://nutritionfacts.org/video/plant-based-eating-score-put-to-the-test/
Visit the video pages for all sources and doctor's notes related to this podcast.
New subscribers to our e-newsletter always receive a free gift. Get yours here: https://nutritionfacts.org/subscribe/.
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• Shop: https://drgreger.org
| null | 2022-05-26T11:59:52 | 2024-02-05T06:37:52 | 698 |
Y2kp3DbWZV0
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What if just one lifestyle change could help you avoid getting cancer? Or diabetes? Or heart disease? Or high blood pressure? This one change could cut your risk of chronic disease and add years to your life. Well, the simple solution to so many of these problems is to eat a healthy diet. In other words, one centered around whole plant foods. Welcome to the Nutrition Facts Podcast. I'm your host, Dr. Michael Greger. As you know, I like to put things to the test, and today we're going to ask you to do that with your diet using the Phytochemical Index. Anything with the word chemical in it may sound a little fishy, but phytochemicals can be good for you. Here's the first story. How do you rate the quality of people's diets? Well, what could be more nutrient-dense than a vegetarian diet? Indeed, if you compare the quality of vegetarian diets compared to non-vegetarian diets, the more plant-based diets do tend to win out, and the higher diet quality in vegetarian diets may in fact help explain better improvements in health outcomes. However, vegetarians appear to have higher refined grain intake, eating more foods like white rice and white bread that have been stripped of much of their nutrition. So just because you're eating a vegetarian diet doesn't mean you're necessarily eating optimally healthy. Those familiar with the science know the primary health importance of eating whole-plant food. So how about a scoring system that just adds up how many cups of fruit, vegetables, whole grains, and beans, split peas, chickpeas, lentils, and how many ounces of nuts and seeds per 1,000 calories, with or without counting white potatoes? Well, just looking at the total intake of whole-plant foods doesn't mean you're not also stuffing donuts into your face, so you can imagine proportional intake measures based on calories or weight to determine the proportion of your diet that's whole-plant foods. In that case, you'd get docked points if you eat things like animal-derived foods, meat-dearried eggs, or added sugars and fats. My favorite proportional intake measure is McCarty's Phytochemical Index. I love it because it's sheer simplicity defined as the percent of dietary calories derived from foods rich in phytochemicals. So it's a score from 0 to 100, the percentage of your calories that are derived from foods rich in phytochemicals, which are biologically active substances naturally found in plants that may be contributing to many of the health benefits obtained from eating whole-plant foods. I mean, you know, monitoring phytochemical intake in the clinical setting could have great utility in assisting people with optimizing their dietary intake for optimal health and disease prevention. However, the quantification of phytochemicals in foods or tissue samples is impractical, expensive, laborious, but hey, this concept of a phytochemical index score could be an alternative, simple method of monitoring phytochemical intake. Theoretically, a whole-food plant-based or vegan diet that excluded refined grains, white potatoes, hard liquors, and added sugars and oils could achieve a perfect score of 100, whereas sadly, the most current American diets might be lucky to hit 20. Let's see what's going on. In 1998, our shopping baskets were filled with about 20% whole-plant foods, and more recently that has actually shrunk. Wouldn't it be interesting if researchers used this index to try to correlate it with health outcomes? That's exactly what they did. Look, we know that studies have demonstrated vegetarian diets have a protective association with weight and body mass index. Five dozen studies have shown that vegetarians had significantly lower weight in BMI compared with non-vegetarians. And even more studies show that high-intensive fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and beans may be protective regardless of meat consumption. So researchers wanted to use an index that gave points for whole-plant foods. They used a phytochemical index and tracked people's weight over the next few years, which again I profiled in my video, Calculate Your Healthy Eating Score on a Scale of 0 to 100, simply reflecting what percentage of your diet is whole-plant foods. And even though the healthiest eating tier only averaged a score of about 40, which meant the bulk of the diet was still made up of processed foods and animal products, just making whole-plant foods a substantial portion of the diet may prevent weight gain and decreased body fat. So it's not all or nothing, any steps we can make to increase our whole-plant food intake may be beneficial. Couple more studies have been performed since, and they all point in the same direction, about a third of the odds of abdominal obesity at higher healthy plant intake, and significantly lower odds of high triglycerides. So the index may be a useful dietary target for weight loss, where there's less focus on calorie intake and more on increasing intake of these high-nutrient lower calorie foods over time. The latest study published 2020 suggests the same is true for childhood obesity. Even at the same weight, the same amount of belly fat, those eating plant-based have higher insulin sensitivity, meaning the insulin they make works better in their body, perhaps thanks to the compounds and plants that alleviate inflammation and quench free radicals. And indeed, things seem to improve as people eat more and more plants. No wonder, researchers found 91% lower odds of pre-diabetes for people getting more than half their calories from healthy plant foods. Significantly lower odds of metabolic syndrome and high blood pressure, only about half the odds of being diagnosed with hypertension over a three-year period, among those eating more plants. Even mental health was impacted. About 80% less depression, two-thirds less anxiety, 70% less psychological distress. What about the dietary phytochemical index and benign breast diseases, such as fibrocystic diseases, ductalactasia, fatty necrosis, and all sorts of benign tumors? The same thing was found. 70% lower odds of those diseases. OK, but what about breast cancer? A higher intake of healthy plant foods was indeed associated with a lower risk of breast cancer, even after controlling for a long list of other factors, and not just by a little bit, eating twice the proportion of plants compared to the standard American diet was linked to more than 90% lower odds of breast cancer. What evidence do we have that's scoring higher is actually better? Let's find out. A few years ago, a proposal was published for a healthy eating index, and I thought it might be interesting to look at the latest USDA dietary survey to see how the standard American diet is doing. The index is simple. It's a score of 0 to 100, which simply represents the percent of dietary calories derived from foods rich in phytochemicals. Phytochemical is just a more technical term for phytonutrient, since nutrient implies essential for life, whereas phytochemicals are merely essential for a long, healthy life. So if 1% of our diet is composed of phytonutrient-rich food, our diet gets a score of 1. If that's where half of our calories come from, then we score 50. And if that's all we eat, we can max out at 100, 100%. How are Jane and Joe six-packed doing? Here's the latest data on the standard American diet. 3% of calories come from beans and nuts, 3% from fruit, 5% is vegetables, 23% from grains, 17% is added sugars, like candy and soda and other junk, 23% comes from added fats, butter, margin, oil, shortening, and 26% of the American diet is meat, dairy, and eggs. For the healthy eating index, we only get to count phytonutrient-rich foods, since they're the ones most associated with chronic disease prevention, treatment, and cure. So first off, the reason they're called phytonutrients is that by definition they are found in plants, derived from the Greek word phyton for plant. So automatically we start out with a score of 74. Neither lard nor candy are phytonutrient-rich either, so taking away the added fats and oils, we are down to 34. But the grain category is a combination of both whole grains, rich in phytonutrients, and refined grains, which have the phytonutrients largely removed. Only 4% of the American diet is composed of whole grains, like oats, barley, whole wheat, brown rice, and the rest is highly processed, garbage like white flour and corn starch. Yikes, down to 15, but it gets worse. Two-thirds of our vegetables are white potatoes, half of which are potato chips. The average American eats 23 calories of potato chips every day, but none of the white potato products count since they contain relatively few phytonutrients. Similarly, a third of our fruit calories are low phytonutrient juices, and so the typical American diet rates 12 out of 100. So on a scale of like 1 to 10, we get about a 1. How do you score a perfect 10? Theoretically, a vegan diet that has excluded refined grains, potato products, hard liquors, and added sugars and oils could have a perfect dietary index rating of a 100. Sadly, the score of most current American diets would be unlikely to be as high as 20. Yeah, we wish it were 20. Which means that there is quite ample room for improvement. We would love it if you could share with us your stories about reinventing your health through evidence-based nutrition. Go to nutritionfacts.org slash testimonials. We may share it on our social media to help inspire others. To see any graphs, charts, graphics, images, or studies mentioned here, please go to the Nutrition Facts podcast landing page. There you'll find all the detailed information you need, plus links to all the sources we cite to each of these topics. My latest two books are How to Survive a Pandemic, available on e-book, audio book, or actual book, and the How Not to Diet Cookbook, with more than 100 recipes for delicious and nutritious meals. All proceeds I receive from the sales of my books go to charity. NutritionFacts.org is a non-profit science-based public service where you can sign up for free daily updates on the latest in nutrition research via bite-sized videos and articles. Everything on the website is free. There's no ads, no corporate sponsorship. It's strictly non-commercial, not selling anything. I just put it up as a public service as a labor of love as a tribute to my grandmother, whose own life was saved with evidence-based nutrition.
|
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UCJr76B0ZPGNGEHvZHCenSdg
|
Pancho Mocks Autistic People
|
Thomas Henley reacts to YouTube reaction channel Pancho on what he believes is fearful and 'pussy' woke behaviour... but is actually an important Autism accommodation for a speaking event
With the ironic title 'Woke People Don't Know Anything' Pancho displays the typical ignorance we see from many reaction channels who talk about Autism and Autistic social issues
Original Video -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CajHUyV13ec&ab_channel=Pancho
Subscribe to the channel to get notified when I next go live 🙌
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WHAT SERVICES DO I OFFER?
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|
[
"Thomas Henley",
"Thomas Henley Autism",
"Thoughty Auti Podcast",
"Thoughty Auti - The Autism Podcast",
"Autism streamer",
"Autistic streamer",
"Autism youtube",
"Pancho autism",
"Pancho woke people",
"Youtuber pancho",
"Ableism on youtube",
"Pancho reaction",
"Autism accomodations",
"autistic accommodations",
"autism reasonable adjustments",
"reasonable adjustments disability",
"disability hate"
] | 2023-12-18T18:11:27 | 2024-04-23T13:35:42 | 1,654 |
Y2FqnFBhj0Q
|
It's clapping Damn you're telling me if a woke person tried to rob me all I'd have to do is just There are real people that are really scared of clapping real people I guess my best advice to you is to try your best to not listen to those fears. Really. It's such a complicated issue This is just my little degenerate as response to it or yeah Yes Yes, it is the fear of clapping. I don't I don't is that got like a term for it I don't think it's it's necessarily about fear. I think it's more about just sensory overload to be honest It's like it's kind of framed as this like Personal thing like a personality trait like you just quite you just too scared of the claps, you know They they they say too much. It's not the fact that your brain like Upscales the intensity of all the sensory stimuli that you experience said clapping is sometimes quite difficult for like people who don't have sensory differences and It's upscaled even further Nothing to do of course. It's just a personal feeling my degenerate solution I don't know but believing in something is a really powerful thing if you believe that you're scared of claps You're gonna be scared of claps if you really truly believe that you are you got to just realize that claps aren't scary That's a crazy sentence by the way But it's not gonna be a flip of a switch, right? You'll probably still get scared of them But eventually your brain will come to the realization Oh, I was just kind of freaking out over some small shit. It's like again Habituate yourself to it Stalking to people who don't generally habituate sensory stimuli. This is going to be a little bit interesting Work people don't know anything It's gonna be a small clip of this. There's something that caught my eye. I was like, hey That's an autism accommodation that you're talking about bro Pan show man. Let's have a look at what Pan show has to say about sensory accommodations in the public speaking events and Whether there's anything that we can inform him on Anything that perhaps he's glossing over. It's probably I don't know how long this clip is gonna be because it's part of like a really long video That we're not gonna watch all of because it's not all related to autism But there was just like a little bit a Little bit that I picked up. I think it would be important to talk about so let's go for it Oh, I found a video today, and I think it perfectly represents or accurately depicts how pussy some of these new age woke people are Now we're looking at a democratic socialist convention. Yeah, I'll give my brief opinion on socialism I think that the evidence really speaks for itself We've had plenty of societies in the world that have tried it out. They're not work out too well I just don't think it's realistic to put that in place for the US But this is not the point I was talking about because it's it's coming up We don't I'm not getting into a political discussion here, but I didn't come here to talk about that Let's all just pop a squat relax. I'm ready to be enlightened. I thank Natalie for flattering me The truth is I'm not the leader of security here Y'all are everybody is responsible for the collective Security safety and everyone's needs being met here keeping each other safe Keeping each other secure and making sure that everybody is able to fully participate in this convention we have a lot of disabled comrades and a lot of those are invisible Disabilities, so it's up to us to modify that space to make sure that Everybody is able to move in the ways that they need to move First of all in this room. I see that no one's clapping for me It could be because I'm not engaging But it also is because everyone's doing this and that's really important because those loud bursts of noise Even though this is a noisy space when we can do something like reducing that that's really important So please don't clap shoot up these so instead of having it so I imagine that this this person has been putting in some some sensory adjustments for Individuals particularly neurodivergent individuals in the audience autistic ADHD who have Sensory differences. You may not like the old clapping. I mean, it's not something that I personally struggle with but I know some people who find it Very distressing usually when it comes to sensory accommodations and adjustments I think it's it's it's good to try and be as inclusive as possible You know, usually if I go to places like that, I will have these these little puppies in to help with the sensory overload Let's see what pantry has to say about this having everybody clap. He wants people to Yes Why he wants everybody to do this is because you know loud noises scare people Even though loud noises scare people I don't know if that's that's the the reason to why I don't I mean I can imagine that some people with like You know, some forms of PTSD might find that quite difficult But I think the reason for why people do that is to reduce the amount of extreme volumes of clapping that people Experience during like audience claps They can of course cause large amounts of sensory overload for a for any autistic people in the audience Then though It's it's just claps you get a fucking world war two vet in that room and he'd shut everybody up He'd be like y'all don't know what the fuck I went through y'all a bunch of pussies come on man We got to be that considerate of people who are scared of clapping And y'all I know there's gonna be a bunch of pussies in my comment section that are like My best advice for y'all is to there's going to be a lot of pussies in the comments section screaming sensory overload Well, man, it's it is something that people experience and like It's it's hard to translate exactly what that experience is like for people Some people can can deal with it some people can't if you're wanting to make an event accessible I think like Removing clapping if you can is like a pretty easy win I think in the grand scheme of things. It's not like you're significantly changing the event In a massive way, I don't know if it's something that I feel should be should be implemented everywhere Because as I said, we we are you know people with sensory sort of differences is a minority people Doesn't mean that we have to change everything, but when you are promoting an event is sort of inclusive I think that's a pretty Pretty good thing to to include at those events to buy a 12 gauge shotgun And take it out to the woods and just start shooting it start fucking Desensitizing yourself from that shit because bro, the world is not gonna revolve around you Imagine you're working at a movie theater and then by the end of the movie everybody starts clapping you have to walk in I'm sorry, but so please don't clap shoot up these So so the prescription here is to go into the woods and fire a shotgun Interesting solution to that. I think it's more likely to cause permanent hearing loss rather than like reduced sensory I suppose that might reduce sensory input At the cost of your hearing if that's that's a reasonable suggestion But actually like this is quite a common thing that people say to autistic people actually who struggle with sensory difficulties Just get used to it. Stop wearing your headphones. You're gonna sensitize yourself to it to a certain extent You can like increase it like you can increasingly sensitize yourself to it, but there is a there's a concept To do with that it's called habituation and habituation is You know as as he said getting used to things most people Who aren't neurodivergent who don't have sensory differences do habituate pretty well So a good a good example of this would be Like a snail if you boob a snail on the eyeball or on its little Itendrel things where I call it. I don't know what they're called You boob on that it'll sort of retract Go back into its shell a little bit If you do it again, it will retract go back into its shell a little bit. You keep doing it at some point It's gonna stop It's gonna stop doing that and that's that's what you call habituation Same thing aeroplanes going over like the fields Um first time that happens probably a lot of animals are gonna look up and say oh, what's that and get really scared Happens enough times. They're gonna habituate to it to a certain degree. Uh, they have actually shown in in in some like scientific studies that autistic people Don't habituate like most people would so Trying to desensitize yourself to things like this actually doesn't work You know get if you go go each each day and you experience clapping to the same magnitude each day You might know what to expect and perhaps it would shock you as much But you will still experience the same amount of like sensory overload. So it's not it's not a It's not a thing that you can just like erase from from personal experience Said that my old librarian wanted us to do when I was in elementary school Okay, um and and additionally with the um the noise issue like avoid hissing avoid hissing Waving banners, right? You don't know what to do show up these, right? I'm sure there's lots of ways that we can communicate to each other without needing to rely on something That's going to hurt somebody else hurt somebody Again, just just lack of ignorance just ignorance of of people's experiences You know, it's just it's just plain ignorance of it like I mean to be honest I can't blame most people for not understanding like sensory differences, but You know the organizers obviously like have What is it people coming in some some advisors who have talked about sensory accommodations? And that's just something that they want to implement. I don't think I've ever been to an event where people hiss I don't know if I would be particularly like overwhelmed by some hissing It's a pretty soft noise, but It's beside the point I suppose It's clapping Damn, so you're telling me if a woke person tried to rob me all I'd have to do is just Get the fuck away. Listen at the end of the day. There are when I watched that first that clapping genuinely did like Overwhelmed me just a little bit. It's not great. You know But I like I I just found it funny that he's phrasing it as like work work people What you mean, um autistic people I suppose maybe maybe clapping an autistic person who's trying to rob you might be a An effective way of defense possibly My lord, there are real people that are really scared of clapping real people I guess my best advice to you is to try your best to not listen to those fears Really, it's such a complicated issue. This is just my little degenerate as response to it or Yeah Yes Yes, it is the fear of clapping. I don't I don't is that got like a A term for it. I don't think it's it's necessarily about fear. I think it's more about just sensory overload to be honest It's like it's kind of framed as this like personal thing like a personality trait like You just quite you just too scared of the claps, you know, they they they scare you too much. It's not the facts that your brain Like upscales the intensity of all the sensory stimuli that you experience said clapping is Sometimes quite difficult for like people who don't have sensory differences And it's upscaled even further Nothing to do of course. It's just a Personal feeling my degenerate solution. I don't know but believing in something is a really powerful thing If you believe that you're scared of claps You're gonna be scared of claps if you really truly believe that you are you gotta just realize that claps aren't scary That's a crazy sentence by the way, but it's not gonna be a flip of a switch, right? You'll probably still get scared of them But eventually your brain will come to the realization. Oh, I was just kind of freaking out over some small shit. It's like again habituate yourself to it Stogging to people who don't generally habituate sensory stimuli as a kid when you're going up the stairs And you think there's like a demon chasing you, you know what I'm saying? It's like that same energy eventually you realize there was nothing to be scared about And the fact that this leader that's speaking right now or whoever he is Is trying to reaffirm that claps are scary. You guys shouldn't do them. It's gonna freak out those people It's just such a dumb thing to do bro. You're keeping people pussy compare these people to like army soldiers And it's like comparing a cat to a lion. I swear to god Well, there is a reason why the army doesn't necessarily sort of enlist autistic people into combat and that is one of the reasons We do just like find sensory stuff just a little bit too overwhelming impact sororability to process information Function to a certain degree sometimes and especially pay attention during like Highly sort of social complex situations. What are what are the implementations have we got here? We have quiet rooms that are available. There's a range of options of these right on seven There's one that has video but no sound if you still want to be able to observe the convention But the sound is an issue There's also in piedmont eight a completely quiet room one thing to note there Please don't go into that space with anything that's like an aggressive scent for instance, right? I'd be the type of motherfucker to walk in with some liquid ass walking in that room with some liquid ass just going Um because that's gonna Quiet rooms great adjustment for an event Very important for people who um experience meltdown shutdowns particularly those who Have sensory difficulties as funny as as that is that Like it's funny like i'm not gonna lie like it made me chuckle but also man like i'm gonna go harass a bunch of people who have sensory difficulties by clapping and spraying mist in their face of of some like undescribable sauce Beautiful that's gonna be difficult for people the the principle of collective security is we don't want to put people in stressful situations that they don't consent to right Life is stressful motherfucker Holy shit. You think life is stress-free dawg If you constantly care about not stressing people out You're just going to make their life more stressful. Listen to that how the God how how does that make any sense? I'll tell you what the best thing to do guys If someone's stressing out go over and like clap in their ears. There's like shouting their ears that that'll like I'll really pull them out of it, you know That'll really sort them out. I told you that this video is crazy Life is stressful Okay, panche would you would you be fine if like well, I mean you didn't consent to it But if I get a megaphone and I just shout in your ear With a megaphone, how does that how how would that be? I mean You're not consenting to it, but you don't you don't care about that Is that cool? Is that is that cool with you? Listen to that again because guess what the more stressful situations you're exposed to The more your tolerance raises for stress like other situations start to not become a big deal Because you're dealing with more stress. I wake up every morning I go in the ice bath and that's stressful Let me tell you being in 30 degree water right when you wake up the minute I wake up I'm in it and the rest of my days are a breeze Even though I do things that some people would deem to be stressful like working out in the gym and going crazy in there But it's nothing well that this is the whole like Oh, you need to build you calluses kind of approach to it. I don't think to some degree there is like Like some some lines of thought there. It's like the whole thing are going to the gym, you know The gym is not the most like sensory like sensor really I'm talking about The the best haven for like Not having a sensory overload. Let's say I still go the thing is I go with earbuds Some people go with shades to try and reduce that sensory input if I don't go with my my earphones It doesn't matter how many times I go without my earphones I will have the same exact experience of it being Overloading not being able to concentrate on my workout. I go each time and sometimes I do really struggle or have a meltdown or have a shut down And I don't have a fun time doesn't stop me from going However, it does inform me that I perhaps need to take a bit more precautions when it comes to Like going into into those spaces. It's just just like a normal thing to do, you know There is a point at which having this mentality of like deal with it Doesn't do anything It's a fine balance, you know If there's something that you can't change about yourself and something that you struggle with Perhaps consider making some changes instead of just like powering through it And trying to habituate when you just can't It's nothing to me anymore because I wake up with that and this and this guy's over here Lost in the sauce. I don't even know why I said that I've met some cats that are less pussy than this And we have to be accountable to each other that our actions might have negative Uh consequences for other people Can we just have a round if I was gonna say a round of applause? Can we have a round of hands? You know for this for this guy and the people who organized this like truly thinking about including People with sensory differences into an event. It's awesome. A lot of people just don't go to them Because they can be overwhelming. So it's it's really good to see stuff like this If you we're also talking about de-escalation, right? Um because people are going to have different experiences of things that some others might think is normal heatedness And I think in some of that there's an inevitability there But it's going to be really traumatic for people if we're not making an affirmative effort to de-escalate each other And de-escalate ourselves, right? You are having a conflict with somebody. Feel free to step away, right? We're going to make sure that you can get out of that space. Let somebody else step away if they need to step away, right? Don't talk to I mean, I know probably no one is going to reply with but this, you know Generally good information. I don't think it needs to be highlighted so much I mean like, you know, obviously having a confrontation for someone is not the best situation I do find, you know, there are some You know aspects that I do find like particularly like hyperbolas like Traumatizing I once I don't know if you can consider that to be traumatizing I don't know Um, I think there could be better words used But like that's just going into like Like highly detailed specifics of it. Talk to cops. Don't talk to MAGA assholes All we're almost there just But thank you. Hey guys, don't cheer. Don't cheer. Stop. Oh I do I do find it I do find it quite humorous Like the audience is like whooping after they give a speech on inclusivity You know, obviously they need they need to do a little bit more preparation um People's good reactions are just coming out and to be honest. I can't explain. I can't like Blame people for like that's just how they've been at events Um, I think people should try their best, you know And to not do that It's it's good to have those those being implemented But I'm also aware that it is not particularly like the commonplace. I guess for a lot of people So, you know, it's it's the whole thing about You know people in general can can be ignorant of the autistic experience and It's it's okay to be like the society is not built and we're not taught these things But once you are aware of it Try your best to like be a bit more inclusive to people I'd show up to this meeting with like a train horn To the people who are saying stuff like oh, no, you should be considerate of people who are Oh, yeah, I wonder how he'd like a train horn and is there Every time that someone's like finished speaking Scared of clapping. Sorry. It's so funny to say. Um, do you think he'd have it? I'm not gonna throw my rhythm off just to appease something somebody that has such a ridiculous fear. I'm sorry. I'm just not I don't want to feel like I'm constantly walking on egg shows Just because somebody's scared of some mildly loud noise clapping isn't really that loud They can go fix that problem before they speak to me. We are we are safe and we are Again taking it to a personal level You're you're fearful of it. It's it's not about that dude Come on wrong because there's power in collective Uh in collective work and that's exactly what we're doing here And we're gonna rely on you to to make that happen So i'm very happy to be working with you on this project and I hope everyone has a great convention I'm gonna hand it to natalie to make one quick announcement Okay, we have our two mics up front. We also have two additional mics that are And do you hear that no clapping? Well done guys like they had a little hiccup. They started whooping and stuff and then they were like oh Oh, yeah, I remember and they're not doing it now and nothing's changed Nothing has changed Is it is it important to say like Okay, you're gonna traumatize people. I don't think you're gonna traumatize people Um, are you going to cause significant like sensory overload and discomfort to some people? Yeah I don't know if you could call that trauma. I think some people might feel it's traumatizing Especially like I think some of you some of you said in the chat like PTSD like 100% Makes that are being run. So if for example, you make a point of information or a point of privilege Um, please, you know keep your hands up Um or stand if you if you can and they will run a mic to you not a single thing in this meeting Was said that had some value behind it. I I can I can think of some some pretty good like Uses of that kind of system. I understand from from his perspective. It's like, oh, you're gonna let just people Um, who don't have the the privilege to step in and sort of speak But if someone's talking about autism And like you have a research like a medical person come in and they're just spouting a whole bunch of nonsense about autism um Like having someone in the audience who is autistic who is able to like speak for themselves and You know talk about it or even multiple people um You know, perhaps you can somewhat like Temper some of the misinformation that a person gives like not necessarily that like that like that's gonna happen but I think it definitely could do I mean, I've seen I've been to conventions and stuff talking about autism and it's just Yeah, it's like come on like get some Some of the autistic experience in here up in here, you know, I mean you would speak to today would call what you're saying Racist yeah, I am racist. Okay. So I think I think that's that's the um the section of the video that I wanted to talk about I just found it quite interesting like some of the like The ways that people attribute differences to personality and whether you where you've got like the hutzpah to be able to push through things, you know Dedicate yourself hard work Desensitize yourself be it be a a strong person It's it's often not about that You know and people like this they don't they haven't experienced life, you know in the same way They don't truly sort of have an insight have an understanding of this kind of thing and it's it is really like Yeah, I think the main thing is that kind of Turning this into like a personal emotional thing, which isn't and mean kudos to the event for for Being more inclusive to people with invisible disabilities like they were saying, you know covers quite a lot of people Um neurodivergent individuals. I would imagine people with sensory differences Um, so it's great. I know I wish there were more events like this because I think a lot of autistic people do want to go to events um, it's just The clapping the noise Speakers the music the atmosphere sometimes just put too much and it's nice to have a quiet room to go to if you're struggling You don't want to have a meltdown in public Um, you don't want to have unnecessary like sensory overload I don't see any problem with that But pancho does What do you think? Let me know in the in in the comments. This guy's entire energy is vile Yeah, well, it's make is kind of I think the whole Wave I don't know I've seen a thing a few guys like this the kind of mix mix in sort of edgy humor with like political stances And I think it's it's okay to sort of debate things but Like At least make sense at least have an idea of what you're talking about before you say like oh There's poor sensitive people who can't who are who are scared of claps Not bloody scared of claps. What are you talking about? He was scared of like two hands coming together You probably would be scared of claps if every time that happened you experienced a lot of sensory overload and bad potential meltdowns Yeah, I mean I guess so but It's it's it's more of a result Rather than like a personal feeling like a fear I would say this dude does not understand how the body responds to stress. He likely doesn't understand Well, yeah, he's I imagine that this this person thinks that everybody exists like in the same brain Like everybody experiences stuff like ears and if he can take a nice bath and reduce all of his sensory stress Then that's gonna that's going to be the solution to everybody Go off into the woods and fire a shotgun near your ear. That'll that'll really sort you out, you know
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"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2FqnFBhj0Q",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}
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UCLI5I1QwKqQn0Cf4nzdGKeQ
|
Week 02: Lecture 09
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Week 02: Lecture 09: Nuclear Shell model
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[
"Nuclear potential",
"quantum numbers",
"shell model states",
"spin orbit coupling",
"magic numbers"
] | 2023-01-30T07:30:02 | 2024-02-05T06:11:20 | 1,749 |
Y21oU-Qq0pU
|
Hello everyone. So, in the previous lecture, we discussed about the liquid drop model, which explained the masses of the nuclei, the energetics of the beta decay and fission. But then we found that there are certain observations it could not explain and they are essentially the fluctuations in the gross properties of the nucleus. So, to explain those other phenomena which could not be explained by liquid drop model, another model has been proposed and that is the nuclear shell model. So, today we will discuss the nuclear shell model. Thus to recapitulate what are the limitations that the liquid drop model had, which it could not explain certain observations I have tried to list here. So, the most important aspect that the liquid drop model could not explain was the extra stability associated with the magic number of protons and protons. In fact, what we discussed in the previous one that if you draw, to draw the difference in the mass number and the mass liquid drop mass and the experimental masses, then we found that the experimental masses are lower than the liquid masses for certain number of neutrons and protons and these corresponds to let us say 2A, 20, 50, 82 minutes. So, that means these nuclei have lower mass that means they have higher binding energy and therefore, there is extra stability associated with this magic number. So, this part could not be explained using the liquid drop. And associated with this magic numbers there are other properties, other observations like the very high suppression energy. Suppression energy means the energy required to remove a neutron or a proton for nuclei having these number of protons and neutrons. Again the magic numbers 50, 82, 126. So, this is 126. Similarly, now if you have a nucleus having one neutron more or one proton more than the magic numbers then that nucleus, that neutron or nucleon is very easy to remove. That means the suppression energy is very low for this nuclei which have magic number plus one nucleon axis. Again associated with the magic number. And also the nuclei having the magic number of neutrons and protons have particularly magic number of neutrons have very low neutron absorption cross-axis. So, that the next level is very high. So, they are unable to, their probability of capturing a neutron become very small. Then the again if the in the case of alpha decay which we will discuss later on in the probably subsequent lectures. If the radioisotope has got 126 neutrons that is again a magic number then the alpha energy for such a nucleus is very low. Also in fact, if the after the alpha decay the nucleus is having the daughter product is having 126 neutrons then the alpha energy is very high. So, again associated with the masses. Again the magic number of neutrons and protons they have very large number of isotopes particularly if you have the 50 proton, 13 isotopes. Thin has got a large number of stable isotopes. Again extra stability. Other than that there are there are other observations like beta delayed neutron emission. Certain isotopes like present-fragged present products 137 iodine 87 bromine these isotopes emit delayed neutrons means they undergo beta minus decay and after beta minus decay the daughter product is left with an excited state that is more than the binding energy of neutron. So, instead of gamma emission that certain state emits a neutron they are called delayed neutrons because they follow the half life of these precursors. Also the isomers the nuclear isomers are those certain states of nuclei which have a long half life and they decay by gamma ray. Sometimes they are they decayed by gamma ray hindered they can also emit beta minus or beta plus. So, the nuclear isomers also could not be explained by the liquid model and that is why there is urgent need to have another model that we call as the shell. So, this is the shell model which was proposed by Mare and Jensen in 1949 and the shell model has certain assumptions like you know here now it is more like atomic structure where the nucleon the electrons are evolving around the nucleus in a certain fixed orbits stationary orbits. Here the nucleons move now and like in the atom where we have a central potential offered by the nucleus the nucleus is positively charged and the electrons are negatively charged and electrons move around the nucleus because of the central potential effective potential of the nucleus and so you have the assumptions about these stationary states of nuclear needs more. Here in the case of nucleus there is nothing like the central potentials because the nucleons themselves constitute other potential. So, what is assumed that every nucleon moves inside the nucleus under the attractive potential generated by the remaining nucleons. So, any nucleon you take it is it is in a potential well that is formed by the other nucleons. Now in the case of protons and neutrons now they have they move in they are in separate potential well. So, you start seeing two potential wells one for neutron one for protons and like you know for the atomic structure you have you solve the Schrodinger equation for an electron you find out the energy levels of electron k, l, m and shells. Similarly, in this case of nucleus you will have the which you solve the Schrodinger equation for the neutron and the proton in a particular potential well you will get the energy states and that energy states are analogous to that for the electrons. Now as you know this nucleon neutrons and protons are fermions. So, they follow the Pauli exclusion principle and so then you will find that in a particular state you know only two nucleons will be occupied if they have to be paired up. So, no two nucleons will have the same quantum numbers. So, this been followed and in that way when the neutrons and protons are evolving in orbiting in different orbitals you know. So, essentially you assume this nuclear force is a weak force in that sense it is not a weak force associated with the beta decay, but it is compared to the strong force that we envisaged in the liquid drop model in the in the shell model that the neutrons and protons are in separate potential wells and they do not interact with the other nucleons in that position. So, that way in that sense it is a relatively weak force. So, essentially though the shell model constitutes the solving a Schrodinger equation for the nucleon in a particular potential well. So, what are the different types of potential wells that you can envisage? The simplest potential well is the square well potential. We have the attractive potential well having the depth of minus v0 this minus v0. So, the potential well of the nucleus you know is of the order of 30 40 MVD potential well and so the the nuclear when we are solving the equation Schrodinger equation for a neutron or a proton we assume that is you can assume at the square well. So, essentially you have vr is equal to minus v0 up for r less than the nuclear radius and then for more than r it is 0. So, it is let it that is the typical attractive square well potential. So, you can in fact solve the Schrodinger equation assuming the square well potential or more realistically you can use as a harmonic oscillator. In the harmonic oscillator again you have the attractive the minus v0 the depth of the potential and now it is a parabolic expression with r. So, you have the potential minus v0 plus half and omega square r square that is the energy of the oscillator. And so, the frequency of this oscillator is nothing but k the force constant upon the mass of the nucleon. So, the essentially the cell model will in the cell model we solve the Schrodinger equation for this harmonic oscillator potential and then we get the energy eigenstates and the eigenvalue. So, let us try to know generate the cell model scheme by solving the Schrodinger equation for a three-dimensional harmonic oscillator. So, the potential for the harmonic oscillator can be given in terms of vr equal to minus v0 plus the half m omega square r square where omega is the oscillatory frequency that is given by the force constant upon the mass of the nucleon. And assuming that this oscillator is isotropic that means the oscillation frequency in x, y and z direction is same wx equal wy equal to w. So, the Schrodinger equation for this will be xi equal to e xi will not go into details of the solving Schrodinger equation. Our interest is to get the eigenvalues for this equation and the eigenvalue of this Hamiltonian will be given in terms of the oscillator quantum number n plus 3 by 2 x cross omega 3 by 2 is coming for is the three-dimensional harmonic oscillator. And this is the unit of the oscillator energy. So, the frequency of oscillation can be given by 2 v0 upon m r square where r is the radius of the nucleus and m is the oscillator quantum number. And so, the energy the astronomer can start from 0 to higher values 0, 1, 2, 3, 4. And so, as the n value increases the energy of the cell increases. Now, let us try to set up the eigenstates the different cell model states. For that the like I told that the electrons are occupying the KLM cells in the atoms. Similarly, the nucleons, neutrons and protons are separately occupying the orbitals like different orbitals like S, P, D, F and so on. And so, there is a formula for the oscillator quantum number in terms of the different other quantum numbers. They are the n small n principal quantum number and small l is the orbital quantum number. The principal quantum number n can take values 1, 2, 3, 4 and so on. Where is the orbital quantum number can take the value 0, 1, 2, 3, 4. And so, corresponding to the value of l we have S, P, D, F, G and so on. So, the different combinations of small n and small l can give you the same value of oscillatory quantum number. And so, you will find for the same oscillatory quantum number there will be multiple orbitals contributing to that particular oscillator quantum number that we can see in the next one. So, if you see the let us try to generate these cell model states for a harmonic oscillator, we will try to fill the values of small n and small l which will satisfy this condition starting from n equal to 0. So, for 0 ground state of the oscillator we have you can have, you can see here n small n equal to 0 and small l equal to 0, you can see here n minus n minus n equal to 1, 1 minus 1, 0 into 2, 0 and plus l equal to 0 also. S way, so l equal to 0 means S orbital and S orbital can occupy two nucleons. So, the occupancy of the occupancy of this hospital is 2 and the cumulative is also 2. For the next oscillator quantum number 1, again we can have how can you get n equal to 1. So, you start from n small n equal to 1, 1 minus 1 equal to 0. So, this term is 0. So, we have l equal to 1 that is the P orbital. So, N capital n equal to 1 will have again 1 orbital P and the occupancy of P is P 6, 6, 6 nucleons and the total occupancy becomes 8. Now, let us go to the next higher oscillator quantum number n equal to 2. Here you can have now two possible combinations of small n and small l. You can see here when you take n equal to 1, then 1 minus 1 is 0 and so, you will have when we have n equal to 1. So, you can see here, ok. So, here we are going to n equal to 2. So, you will have n equal to 1 and 1 minus 1, 0. So, into 2, 0. So, l equal to 2, l equal to 2 is the D state and it can occupy 10 nucleons and in combination of that. So, n equal to now you can have n equal to 2, 2 minus 1, 1 into 2, 2 plus 0. So, you can have a 2 S state. So, basically you will have 2 S, 1 D, 1 P, 1 S. So, you will have a 2 S orbital close to the 1 D orbital which can take 2 nucleons and the total occupancy becomes, you can see here 6 plus 2 plus 10 plus 2 will have 20 nucleons. Let us come to the higher oscillator quantum number. So, you can again you can have small n equal to 1, 1 minus 1. So, small n will take 1, 2, 3, 4 values. So, 1 equal n equal to 1, 1 minus 1, 0. The system is 0, l equal to 3. So, you will have 3 f orbital, 1 f orbital and f orbital can take 14 nucleons and in combination with that you can have now n equal to 2. So, you will have n 2 minus 1 is 1, 1 into 2 2, 2 plus 1 is 3. So, you have 2 P orbital and so, these two actually they are corresponding to same capital N. So, they are very close and same P will can take 6 nucleons. So, total is 43. Let us come to the N capital N equal to 4 and here you can have now 3 combinations n equal to small n equal to 1. So, l equal to 4 we have 1 G, n equal to 2 and this l equal to 2 you have 2 D and n equal to 3 it will have 3 S and so, the occupancy of G orbital 18, D orbital 10 and you have 70. So, you can see here that by filling the orbitals using this formula and their occupancy you can see that we are not able to reproduce their magic numbers of 2, 8, up to 20 you can reproduce, but beyond that the important magic number 50, 82, 126 we are not able to reproduce. So, that means there is something missing in the cell model which we still we have not taken into and so, that is where the spin orbit coupling becomes important. You know in the atoms in chemistry we have heard about the LS coupling that means the small l orbital angular momentum of all electrons combined to give the capital L that is the total angular orbital angular momentum and the spins of all electrons combined to form the capital S that the spin angular momentum and the capital S and capital L combined that is called the LS coupling or Russell Santos coupling and that nicely explains the spins of the atoms. In the case of nuclei because the spin orbit coupling is very, very, very strong the L and S of the individual nucleons combined to form what is called the J and so, this is called the JJ coupling. That means the J angular momentum of each nucleon they combine to form the total spin of the nucleus. So, it is not the individual L and individual S, L and S coupled together to form a J and so, if you in the potential for this harmonic oscillator you take a LS angular momentum spin orbit coupling term that is minus U R L dot S then you can let us see how the label scheme will change. So, you can see the vector product of vector sum of the L and S will be J and so, you can write J square equal to L square plus S square plus 2 L dot S and so, L dot S we want to get the magnitude of L dot S J square minus L square minus S square by 2 and you can now write the magnitude of J, J square L square and S square means of JJ plus 1 L L plus 1 and SS plus 1 that is half into 3 by 2 and so, let us just see what happened to the spin orbit coupling what does it do to the particular state. So, we have now instead of LS states we have a J state and so, for J, J can be now L plus half or J can be L minus half. So, you have a this spin this L it can be L plus half or it can be L minus half and so, we will have different energy states. So, each L state splits into two states L plus half L minus half. So, when J equal to L plus half then L dot S you can calculate from here substitute J equal to L plus half you get L plus half L by 2 and so, this L plus half state is that means, if you put L by 2 here then this is a negative term minus U L dot S. So, this is the lower energy state and for J equal to L minus half L dot S you put it in this formula you get minus L plus half by 2. So, essentially meaning that L minus half state is raised because if you add to put it here the minus minus half plus and so, L plus half L minus half state is lowered. So, the net result of the spin orbit coupling is a particular L state you have splitting of the L state L plus half being lowered and L minus half being raised. The splitting between these two states is you can calculate from here L plus half by 2 minus of minus half L minus L by 2. So, that is L plus 1 by 2. So, this is the gap between the two states as we can see here that as you go to higher and higher angular momentum values orbital angular momentum values the gap between the L plus half and L minus half is increasing and this is what actually explains later on you can see that the higher cell higher magic numbers or the this the spin orbit because of spin orbit coupling the higher cells are much more split and that leads to rebunching of the orbitals in different sense and that we will see in the next slide. So, higher L value higher the splitting and that the percussion of that we will see in this particular and now we will fill the cell model states in the view of spin orbit coupling. So, let us see how do we start filling the spin orbit opposite states. First thing is that we follow the polyics which are principle that means the the nucleons. So, no no nucleons will have the same quantum numbers that is the polyics principle, but the the main point is that when the filling of the electrons in the atoms and filling of nucleons and nucleus is quite different. In the case of atoms the maximum multiplicity is prevails the state having maximum unpaired electrons having lower energy, but in the case of nucleus the moment we have two unpaired nucleons they get paired up because their pairing energy is very high. Okay, so the L orbital as you can we have seen previously can accommodate 2 into L2 and plus 1 nucleons like S2, P6, D10, F14 and so on. Accordingly the occupancy of J state because L has been L plus half and L minus half. So, each L has split into 2 and the total occupancy is equal to 2A plus 1 into 2. So, the J states will have occupancy 2J plus 1. So, 2J plus 1 every J state you will see 2J plus 1 occupancy. Then the pairing energy of nucleons is much more than the pairing energy of electrons, the electron pairing energy of the order of few electron volt whereas in the case of nucleons we have seen that delta value for pairing energy is 1 to 2 and maybe so it is a very high pairing energy and the two nucleons of same type having same J are always paired up because of this high pairing energy which is unlike the electrons in the atoms. So, we will consider these facts by filling the orbitals by nucleons in the next slide. Now, you can see here. So, we have a J state which is arriving from L plus half or L minus half and occupancy of this is equal to 1. So, this spin states whatever I am showing they are the J states of that particular orbit. So, up to this we have already seen. So, the S orbital is not split because L equal to 0 and so it occupies the two nucleons. The P orbital is split into 1P 3 by 2 and 1P half and occupancy again 2J plus 1. So, 3 by 2 is 4, 1 by 2 is 2. The D orbital will split into 1D 5 by 2, 1D 3 by 2 as a orbital it is not splitting and 5 by 2 will have 6, 3 by 2 will have 4, 1 by 2 will have 2. F orbital again will split into 2, 1S half and 5 by 2 and P orbital 2P half and 2P 3 by 2. So, this is 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, so on. So, these are the value of small n. So, now you can see here J, the G orbital will split into G 9 by 2 and G 7 by 2, D orbital will split into D 5 by 2 and 3 by 2 and S will not split and so on, H 11 by 2, H 9 by 2. Now, you can see the occupancy. So, what happens whenever the F 7 by 2 is lowered, this S, so up to 20 we have explained in the previous scheme, but now in fact, this S will give you 28 and 28 also there is a gap here. So, this is called a semi magic number, meaning 28 neutron, 28 protons also have extra stability, but this is not a complete magic number, but 28 nickel, 28 proton, around 28 proton there is a extra stability in the nucleus. So, this is called a semi magic number, but the major magic numbers at 50 again because of the lowering of G 9 by 2 level. So, this G 9 by 2 is a part of the lower level, lower tail and so, this bunching of these levels leads to what we call as the shell. So, G 9 by 2 lowered gives you magic number 50, then give this stability. Similarly, H 11 by 2 when it is lowered compared to H 9 by 2, it explains the magic number H 2. So, this bunching of this H 11 by 2 in the lower shell explains the magic number. So, that is how similarly you will find H 13 by 2 will give you 1.6. So, the major factor responsible for reproducing the magic number is the spin orbit coupling when the splitting of the J state, L state into L plus half and L minus half with the L plus half being lowered significantly for high L value that it is overlapping, it is in close to the lower shell and so, the magic numbers can be produced. So, this is now the up to scale, you can see here the cell model states without spin orbit coupling 1S, 1P, 1D, 2S, 1F, 2P, 1G and so on. And then you can now apply spin orbit coupling here. So, as half 1P 3 by 2, 1P 3 by half. Now, as you go to, so here until 20 there was no problem, you have now F 7 by 2 being lowered. In fact, there is something called a semi magic number of 28. So, there is extra slight higher stability for 28 protons or neutrons. And now you see here because of the lowering of 1G 9 by 2, this there are no additional 10 nucleons here. So, there is a 50 nucleon shell magic number and again lowering of the H 11 by 2 you get 82, lowering of the I 13 by 2 you get 126 and so on. So, you can see at the gap this because of the gap between the L plus half and L minus half states for higher L values the the differences are rising. And because of that we are going to explain the magic numbers of the nucleon. So, the orbitals that are responsible for this magic numbers are the L plus half state of D F G H and I. So, this is how you can see that L plus half state gets lowered and then it bunches with the previous shell and so you get the magic number of 20. So, this is what the cell model explains and the other aspects how we can apply the cell model in predicting the different properties that we could not use for the in the liquid drop model I will discuss in the next next part of the my lecture. So, I will stop here and take up the application of cell model in technical. Thank you.
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The Woolly Custodian - Holywell Golf Club - Episode 4
|
My journey to showcase my homeland takes me to a club I was a member at 30 years ago! Holywell Golf Club
Just an Average Golfer giving unbiased opinions on all things golf, product tests, Golf travel vlogs and golf news!
Do not miss a minute and subscribe now for FREE, join in the chat with golfers just like you!
WEBSITE - http://www.theaveragegolfer.co.uk
Commercial Enquiries - sean@theazaleagroup.com
|
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] | 2020-07-23T19:27:32 | 2024-04-18T18:35:31 | 617 |
y2-2ILvkTv8
|
Mae'r bwysig yn ddweud y bwysig i ddiwedd i'w meddwl gyda'r help o'r iawn Custodian. Ydych chi'n gweld i'r gael i ni'n gwybod y golff course, rwy'n meddwl yw'n 30 yr ysgol, mae'n rhaid am ychydig i'r game o'r ffnwysau sy'n rhoi'r bwysig sy'n ychydig i'r gael i'r gael. Mae'r gael o ffynod, mae'n fwy o'r gael, ac yn ddweud, yw'r gweithio yw fwy o'r gweithio. Mae'r 50 yma yn 98. Mer riding! Just wonder if I forgot to mention there's a challenge that's coming up... its a perfect example well as you just said I Never Guaranteed a level lie And that one's uneven to say the least In theory it should pull down to the Left hand side But you've got literally left leg and planted probably usually 6 inches lower than my prosthum and the challenge wont hard Mae'r bod yn rwynt yn y ddweud o'r llyw fydd yn dweud ac yn ddweud o'r rhaid yn ysgol gyda'r Llywodraeth mwy. Mae'r ddweud i'r rhaid yn y ddweud o'r llywodraeth. Mae'r ddweud, gan gyntafu, a'r ddweud. Rwy'n ddweud o'r gwrs o'r cyfrifumpau bod yn ni'n dweud. Yn ymgolwyr Gawddol Gawddol, yn gyntaf gwyllwyr, mae'n bryd i'r hollu hwydd yn ynog o'r cyfrifwyr, Ond mae'r rhan o gyda 800m o C11, cyntaf i'r ffordd ac yn bryd ystyr o'r cyflog yma, yr hynny, mae'r hynny'n clyw. Weithio, mae'n ffordd fel fy ydym yn ddweud, a mae'n gweithio, mae'n gwybod 3 drydd, ac mae'r lansgu wedi'u ddweud yn cael nhw i'r ganllun yn y gyrsloedd. Ond mae'r rhan o 3, mae'n gwybod i'r cwrs, mae'n 175, 2 llwys, rhan o'r llwys, ac mae'n rhan o'r cerdd o'r gerdd. Let's see if things have changed, I don't think so. Is that front bunker? I've got a bit of, oh hang on we carried the bunker. We've gone over the back, so now things haven't changed. First realistic birdie chance on the front nine. Go on, go on. Good effort, haven't you? I've already mentioned you get a bit of a breeze up here. I think I've mentioned you get uneven lies up here. And you also get, she gets up here. There's plenty of obstacles that you don't normally, excuse me, he's not happy at me swearing I don't think. Once again just short of the green but hopefully that camera picks up just literally it's like, I think I mentioned a reference earlier. It's like being on the moon at times and everything just gets that little bit more difficult. Again just pull that chick down that left hand side away from the flag. That's my excuse anyway. Right front nine out the way and I think that's where you've got a little bit of room. It's certainly playable in terms of its yardage. It's not asking questions in terms of distance. Certainly the wind like I said is a major defence up here. Thirteenth par-four, three hundred and thirteen yards are getting a typical example of where it's not all about yardage but I don't anyway at least pick up driver and start hammering down it when it's a tight neck like that. So you've got plenty of gorse on this back nine. It gets tighter but the questions will be about how tight the course is, how much gorse there is rather than about the distance of it. And for that reason I've gone for an iron. I've absolutely nailed that. That's probably one of the best tee shots of it all day to be fair. And do you know what it was still, I hit three iron. It was probably five. Right it is challenge time and it is the fourteenth hole. It's four hundred and ninety-five yards of par-five. It's stroke index two and I love this golf hole. It's doable in terms of it offers up opportunities but it's all about how tight it is and making sure you find the short stuff. Hopefully if we've managed to get a bit of a drone done then you'll be able to see that it's plenty narrow enough and then we get to the final bit which is a bowl which I think is the name of the hole. And that is an absolute tee shot. I hope we pick it up on another camera. It's bounding down the middle of the fairway and that's a great start to this challenge. Right that just is as good as I've got and if you have a look on that camera at the back you'll see how tight this sort of gets into a bit of a bottleneck. But I'll give that a good old wallop because there's only two twenty-seven to the middle. What are we going to do here? Should we try and take this on a bit of three iron? I won't get there with this but I'll certainly be getting somewhere up around a couple of hundred yards in theory. What a great golf holo. So tight and narrow. Tempt you to take it on like I said but be mindful. Do you know what? I've just hit two of the best I've got. Go on then. Go on. Well the back camera might have got it but the dip, the bowl as the hole is called I think the bowl has just disappeared so we're on the front. It's a long, long green but at least we've made it onto that flat surface in two. Well I got up in two and I've got to admit I don't remember doing that an awful amount of times when I was here as a member. But I'm a long way back from a flag. They've extended this green over the years and in honesty I need a wedge here really to chip over that mound because I don't think I can get to that flag. But having said that I'm not about to take a chunk out of someone's green as a visitor. So I don't think I can get this too close because that looks a little bit too fluffy on the fringe of this green. But anyway stop talking. Get up. I said well I sort of said that I couldn't do it and it did need a wedge but as I said I wouldn't be comfortable with that. Roll, roll. Do you know what? It was a decency enough effort and it was playing a lot bigger than 4.95 with that flag right at the very back. Managed a par and I was talking next to it would have been a win but what a great golf hon if you just look back down there. What a great green. The bowl green. That's what it's known as this hole. The bowl. Brilliant, brilliant golf hole. Well it's a 14 great par 5 and you're on to a great par 3 and this stretch really 14, 15, 16, 17 some great golf holes. A flick with a wedge in theory while I'm playing 124 it's either green or bust in many respects. A great little golf hole and I know again over the years can be sort of we're playing 124 on a wedge today but you can also play a lot bigger if that wind's blowing into you. It's got to come back. It's trying. It's trying. Get a kick. It's not too bad distance. It's always down that left hand side but a super little par 3 and again proving that they don't have to be long to be great golf holes. Well Hollywood was as quirky as I remember it. It's a great track. It's one that you really have to learn to work your way around and it was another learning curve again today but a great track here in North Wales and a real credit considering we've just come out of lockdown and the condition this course was absolutely superb. Well done Hollywood Golf Club. I'll come back a bit sooner next time.
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|
What is a watershed model?
|
This animated video (created using Animaker) explains how basin components -- such as cities, farms and reservoirs -- are represented in a WEAP model of the Stung Chinit basin in Cambodia. It was shown to rice farmers, fishermen and other stakeholders at a recent workshop in Kampong Thom.
|
[
"SEI"
] | 2018-10-17T20:14:08 | 2024-04-18T18:17:38 | 539 |
Y26bfAH1tRo
|
This is the outline of a watershed. A watershed is an area of land that channels water from rain and snow into rivers and creeks. Watersheds are useful ways of thinking about surface water management, because all water that falls within a watershed eventually ends up flowing out at one single point on a river. Everyone in the world lives within a watershed. If we know how much water flows into a watershed and how much water is needed for all living things that live within the watershed, then we can understand how to manage our watershed to supply enough water to meet everyone's needs. The way we use and move water can change the way water flows within a watershed. For example, we can keep water from flowing out of a watershed in the wet season by building reservoirs. We can then use that water in the dry season for things like growing rice. However, these changes can have negative impacts. Reservoirs can prevent water from flowing downstream, destroying aquatic habitat. These relationships can be complex and difficult to predict, so we can build computer models of watersheds to help us. Models are a simplified representation of the relationships we see in the real world. Computer models help us to understand how much water is available now and into the future. They also help us understand how our actions might impact the watershed and other things living within it. When we test out an action in a model to see how it will impact other parts of the watershed, we call it a scenario. This is the Stunctionette watershed. These are the main rivers within the watershed. We developed a computer model of this watershed using a program called WEAP. In WEAP, you use different colored objects to create a simple representation of the watershed. Land area is represented by green dots, which are called catchments. You could have one catchment for the entire watershed, or divide the area into many catchments, which is what we did for the Stunctionette watershed model. You tell the model how much it rains on the catchments based on historical measurements from weather stations. We call this input data. The catchments then turn the water into runoff, which flows into the rivers, so we can see how much water is in the rivers in the model. All water that rains within this watershed flows out of the Stunctionette river at the very bottom of the watershed, into the Tonle-Sap River. Let's explore the rest of the watershed and its representation in WEAP. This is the lower part of the watershed, which is the area that floods every year, and the area where much of the rice is grown. In the model, rice paddy fields are included within the catchments as a type of land cover. Let's continue moving upstream in the watershed. As we continue upstream, we move across the portion of the watershed that is regularly flooded and into the areas where many of the villages are. Villages are represented by red dots, called demand nodes. In WEAP, they can take water from the stream, groundwater, or other sources. In the Stunctionette model, most villages take water from groundwater. Groundwater sources are represented by green squares. Let's continue moving upstream over the section of the watershed where there are many fields and villages. Eventually, we reach the Stunctionette reservoir. In WEAP, reservoirs are represented by green triangles. Reservoirs hold water in the model so that it can be distributed by canals, which are represented by orange lines. In the model, some catchments contain rice paddy fields that receive irrigation water from the canals. These catchments are connected to the orange lines with green ones. Through these lines, the area with irrigated paddy fields in the catchments can receive water from the Stunctionette reservoir. By including paddy fields in the catchments, we can estimate how much water is needed to grow certain varieties of rice during the wet and dry season. The model can help us understand if we have enough water for everyone to grow rice twice per year, for example. Now let's go all the way to the upper part of the watershed. This area has many more hills and forests. Like paddy fields, forests are included as a land cover type within the catchments. The land cover of the catchments can change over time and can start out as forest and end up as rubber, cassava, or something else. Once our model is constructed, we make sure all of the main features of the watershed are well represented. When the model is complete, we run it. This is called a simulation. During a simulation, the model recreates reality at certain increments of time, called a time step. The Stunctionette model runs at a weekly time step, which means the model calculates rainfall, streamflow, reservoir volume, irrigation, and other things each week. When we string together many weekly model results, we call this a time series. First, we use the model to simulate the past. We compare what the model simulated with what was observed. This process is called calibration. An important metric used for calibration is streamflow. When we know the model is working well, we can use it to simulate the future and see what the future might look like in our watershed. Let's recap what we've learned. It is useful to think about water management at the scale of the watershed in order to make decisions. Our actions can impact the watershed in many ways, and these relationships are complex. Computer models help us to better understand the impacts of those actions so that we can make good decisions. Thanks for watching!
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Most Beautiful Island In Senegal(Goree Island)
|
We are Changing the narratives Of Mother Africa through Youtube Videos..One Country At Time...We are Currently In Senegal
It's Time For Africans To Tell Their Own Story!
Africa To The World...
We Need Your Support To Make This Project A Successful One
Donate & Support Me On Go Fund Me:
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https://www.patreon.com/wode_maya
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ackonberthold@gmail.com
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|
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"wodemaya",
"Africa",
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"world",
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"you",
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"wode maya in china",
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"slave trade",
"goree island",
"house of slaves"
] | 2019-08-10T23:26:49 | 2024-02-07T17:15:25 | 609 |
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This place is so beautiful. Yeah, it is. It feels like I'm really amazed, but you know. Okay, so you know the name Gore, it comes from the Portuguese, which is called good red. Good what? Red. So the French people, they could not pronounce the word, they say Gore. Gore. Yes. The French people. The French people, they changed it. The Portuguese one knows good. No. So they could not say good red. So they say Gore. Gore. Yes. That's why they named Gore Island. Wow. The Portuguese themselves. The Portuguese. Yeah, they were the first one that came here. They were the first people to come in here. Yes. And what were they doing over here? Yeah, to bring black people, to bring black people and bring them to the slavery house. Slavery house. Yeah, I will bring you there so that you could see how we treated our grand-grandmother and grandfathers. Oh my goodness. This is so sad. So this place was used as war. Like they keep slaves over here and then later they just take them to wherever they want to take them. To America or yeah. So which is a slave trade actually existed here in Dakar city. Yeah, existed I mean from 15th to 19th century. Slave trade is over. What goes on in here? So I can say that Gore becomes a tourist attraction. Tourist attraction. Yes. Which means it attracts a lot of people to come in here. All the people, they are coming here to visit. Especially the slavery house. The slavery house. Yes. Just know the history. What really happens over here. Yeah, what happened. Yeah. If you really want to know the history of slave trade here in Dakar. I think this is the best place for you to be. Yeah, especially black people. They should know their history. Especially black people. Yes. Wow, this is amazing. So which means that every black person out there is an African. That's what you're trying to say. Yeah. Has to come and visit the history. Yeah, they have to come and see that your ancestors were here before. Yes. For you to worry about. Secondly, I personally live here. You live here? Yes. This is your home? This is my home, I can say. Oh my God, your home is so beautiful. Yeah, it is. How come you live here? So, you know, I was raised by my aunt. So then I started being with her. Wow. So you're born here? No, I was not born here. Okay. I actually live here. Wow. That's amazing. I'm here since I'm nine. Nine years. Yes. You know, when I started moving around this place, I was like, no, I want to buy a house here. Can I buy a house in here? No, to buy a house, I don't think it's possible, but you can just rent. Rent one. You can rent, yeah. Because I want to live here for the rest of my life, man. So I will try and rent a house. Can I rent the house with you? I need to stay alone. Yeah, if you want, it's up to you. It's up to you. You didn't hear the question again. Okay. I mean, I'd be like, when I rent a house, I'd love you to stay with me. Is it okay? Oh, that's too easy to stay with you. But if you want, you can move from Ghana and you can stay in the island. I only move if you are willing to stay with me. Okay. It's too easy. But if you want, I propose something that is more impressive. Oh, yeah. So if you want to live here, you have to sell us your nationality, your Ghana nationality. I don't want to sell my nationality, but, you know, we are all Africans. Then no choice for you. Then you visit and you go back to Ghana. That was funny. Anyway, you want to know, do any group of people, because they live in here also? Yeah, we have too many ethnic groups. We have Alpula, we have Serer, we have Wolof. We have mixed, like black and white, at the same time. Black and white also live here. So different types of ethnic groups live here. Which group is most popular in here? Archie is the Alpula, and after the Serer. Wow. Yes. Okay, so Maya, let me show you the canons that the Portuguese were using to protect themselves against the enemy. And who are the enemy? Like the Dutch, the French people, the white people. So many of them were looking for slaves. Were looking for slaves. Like the black man. They just wanted black people. Yes, this is what they needed, exactly. And they were also using it to protect the port. This is so sad. Yeah, this is more than sad. So they were all fighting? All fighting together. Yeah, who is going to have more black people? Yes. But very sad. Maya. Do you know what is the most interesting in Goi Island? What's so interesting about this place? It's the name of Allah. You can see it. Wow. You can see it. This is in Arabic, right? Yes, it's in Arabic. Is it natural? Yeah, it's natural. Wow. Yeah. This is amazing. I think 99% or is it 90% of people living in Senegal are Muslims, right? They are Muslims. Even in Goi Island, we have more Muslims than Christians. Oh, wow. Yes. Wow. This is interesting. Look how beautiful it is. It's very beautiful. Very beautiful. Yeah. But you've already talked about ethnic groups in here. Yes. Can I ask you a question? Of course. I'm sorry. Are you a Christian or a Muslim? I'm Muslim. Yeah, Muslim. Yes. Do you live on the island? Yes, I live on the island. I want to know. Do you have mosques or maybe churches over here? Yes. You know Goi has Muslims and Christians. So we have one mosque for the Muslims and one church for the Christians. Wow. Yes. Interesting. Very interesting. Yeah. Goi Island. Goi Island. It's written. Wow. It's written inside. Wow. You gotta see some paintings. Amazing. All in there. All inside. Amazing. Hopefully you will like it. Of course. I really enjoy it, you know. Yeah. Okay.
|
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Insecurity: Buhari Insists His Administration Is Ontop Of Situation | NEWS
|
President Muhammadu Buhari is still insisting that his administration is combating all forms of threats to national security despite the many attacks by terrorists.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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|
[
"News",
"Politics",
"Nigeria",
"Africa",
"Plus TV Africa",
"Plus TV",
"Plus",
"Plus TV Nigeria",
"Plus Television",
"Plus TV News",
"Top News",
"news",
"trending",
"trending news",
"today's news",
"current news",
"entertainment",
"sports",
"business"
] | 2022-07-08T12:22:47 | 2024-02-05T06:25:36 | 233 |
y21_0cFepxk
|
President Muhammad Bari is still insisting that his administration is combatting all forms of threat to national security deaths by the many attacks by tourists. This is coming after the bomb attacks on Kuji Prison and the president's convoy in his home state Katzina. The president, who spoke through the minister of defense Major General Bashir Maghashi, assured all lower-boying citizens of their safety. He promises that his administration will leave no stone unturned, and ensuring the Nigerians remain united and peaceful. It's the grand finale of the Army Day celebration. These are men of the Nigerian Army showcasing their prowess in acrobatics. President Muhammad Ibu Hari is represented here and he has a message on the terrorism manned insurgency his administration is facing. The unity and peace of Nigeria is still paramount for this administration as disclosed. I will therefore like to use this imperial to share all the Nigerian Army personnel to give their actions in performing new strategies, methods and techniques to not only counter national security threats, but also explore their skills and competence to continue national development. The Chief of Army's staff, Lieutenant General Farouk Yahya, is proud of the military irrespective of the inability to quell the firepower from insurgents, especially in the northern region. The Nigerian Army under my watch and the men's permitted to defend the territorial integrity of Nigeria and the democratic governance and values in our dear country, to have security challenges in the country. It is not peculiar to Nigeria, it is a global issue. But I think our security agencies are reviewing the location and they are managing this insecurity in Nigeria. The communication gadgets of the Nigerian Army in the fight against terrorism and insurgency is one point participants bring to the fore. Prior to the communication, the company is a satellite mobile company which is covered two-thirds of the group. We give them mobility, we give them secure communication when it comes to voice, data, maritime, special service for the government, military. The essence of this society is for mobile communication. It is communication on the roof. I lead to the automatic nature of the professional agramies involved now, for us to be able to communicate seamlessly and lead to mobile communication. This annual ritual no doubt will continue next year while Nigerians keep hope alive as they daily face security threats and attacks. Hello, hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.
|
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UCObs7FwjNmLB3u5fcHiLCWA
|
Queens Club Championships 2021 | ATP Draw Preview | Tennis News
|
The Queens Club Championships 2021 mens official draw is out now. This event in London, UK will feature players including Denis Shapovalov, Matteo Berrettini and Aslan Karatsev.
0:00 | Intro
0:15 | Withdrawals
0:21 | Section 1
1:26 | Section 2
2:45 | Prediction
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Tennis Talk with Cam Williams is your home for all the ATP and WTA Tours Tennis Breaking News, Draw Previews, Live Streams Play by Play, Match Previews and much more. We cover the largest tournaments throughout the season including the Australian Open, Roland Garros, Wimbledon, US Open and talk about the best players including Novak Djokovic, Serena Williams, Rafael Nadal, Simona Halep, Roger Federer and Naomi Osaka.
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COPYRIGHT DISCLAIMER: Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favour of fair use and no copyright infringement is intended. All results are brought to you thanks to the Flashscore Tennis and Sofascore Tennis Apps.
#Tennis2021 #ATPTour #WTATour #Federer #Nadal #Djokovic #Halep #Williams #Osaka
|
[
"tennis",
"wimbledon",
"US Open",
"Australian Open",
"Roland Garros",
"Roger Federer",
"Rafael Nadal",
"Novak Djokovic",
"Nick Kyrgios",
"tennis highlights",
"atp tour",
"tennis tv",
"tennis match",
"tennis channel",
"live stream",
"alexander zverev",
"andy murray",
"dominic thiem",
"tennis talk with cam williams",
"tennis news",
"breaking tennis news",
"naomi osaka",
"serena williams",
"bianca andreescu",
"simona halep",
"tennis 2021"
] | 2021-06-13T11:00:18 | 2024-02-07T17:07:12 | 205 |
y2Z8RPd2c4g
|
What's going on everybody welcome back to another draw preview and we continue the ATP season on the grass with an ATP 500 event at the Queens Club Championships It's a big event on the calendar for the grass court season and some big names have won this in the past Let's go have a look at some of the names that are pulled out of this year's event only a couple of names out of this one So for Keener he's out round itch Schwarzman and Vavrenka is also out of this event. All right starting at the top of the draw We have eight seeds in this one and no one gets a buy in the first round number one seat Baratini had a really good French open got to the quarterfinal So I'll be interested to see how he does this week He plays Travalho in the first round winner of that plays either Ben Wapea or Andy Murray the wildcard So that is the first round we've got to watch is Ben Wapea versus Murray Then we've got another British wildcard Brody taking on Manorino winner of that match takes on either Poprin Or the number six seed Evans in the second round And we have the number four seed Diminore taking on Jera winner of that match takes on either Opelka or Milman in the second round then we have a former champion Chilich He takes on a qualifier in the first round winner of that match takes on either Lou or the number eight seed Fanini The players I'm watching out for obviously Baratini. He's an all court player He's actually won grass court tournaments in the past. So keep an eye on him He's not just a hard court clay court player also interested to see how Chilich does as a former champion here And he's game suited to the grass former Wimbledon finalists as well And of course we got to watch out for Andy Murray the wildcard in this one He's got a tough first couple of rounds though He has to pair and then potentially Baratini in the second round But if you can get through those guys I'd be very interested to see how far he can go He's also won this tournament a bunch of times before bottom half of the draw now We've got the number five seed Carrots of he takes on a qualifier in the first round Winner of that match takes on either Nori or Ramos Vanoles in the second round Then we have Bublek versus Shadi winner of that match takes on the wildcard Draper Or the number three seed Sinner in the second round then we have the number seven seed Sonigo He takes on a qualifier in the first round winner of that match takes on either Betonay Or Tiafo in the second round then we've got the defending champion Feliciano Lopez He takes on Krianovic in the first round winner of that match takes on either another qualifier Or the number two seed Shapavalov So a few new names in the bottom half of the draw We've got some of the younger generation down the bottom Some of the players that have broken out in 2021 Of course we're gonna watch out for Shapavalov His game is suited to grass and if he can serve well he can probably play well here Also got to watch out for Sinner interested to see how his game transitions from the clay courts To the grass because when he broke out two years ago we didn't see him much on the grass courts And the same goes for Carrotsov I want to see Carrotsov on grass I think his game is very much suited to the grass courts with his power So he could definitely get to the final of this event potentially win it as well So very interested to see how Carrotsov does There it is the draw for Queens club championships this year And some names that I'm very interested to see play some of the big hitters of the tour Who played pretty well on the hard courts before the clay court season Guys like Carrotsov obviously Sinner who played well on the clay as well Shapavalov Those guys I want to see and of course Andy Murray who can forget him But let me know down in the comments below who do you think's gonna win this event Because it's pretty wide open and we've had some random champions in the past at this event Alright having a look at the draw here and I'm gonna go with Carrotsov to win this one Here's the number five seed but I think the conditions and also the grass courts Suited to his game absolutely perfect and if you get through guys like Sinner And Shapo is a very good chance of winning this event So I'm gonna go with Carrotsov to win this one Let me know down in the comments below who do you think's gonna win this event The grass court season continues with one of its events this week The Queens club championships
|
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UCjFmkmzvMl5pwHgFVV7F5gw
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Th, 03.11.21 // 2Box RC #19 // 2020 Panini Premier League Soccer (EPL)
|
* JOIN our group breaks on https://JaspysCaseBreaks.com/
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|
[
"#sportscards",
"#casebreaks",
"#sickhit",
"#mojohit",
"#bighit",
"#boxbreaks",
"#packopenings",
"#irlpack",
"#baseballcards",
"#groupbreaks",
"#nflcards",
"#footballcards",
"#nbacards",
"#basketballcards",
"#casebreak",
"#groupbreak",
"#topps",
"#panini",
"#upperdeck",
"#bowman",
"#leaf",
"#tristar",
"#hermosabeach",
"#unboxing",
"#livestream",
"#sports",
"#sporstalk",
"#collect",
"#thehobby"
] | 2021-03-12T02:42:40 | 2024-04-24T00:07:22 | 1,224 |
Y2dndL8UnC0
|
Hi everyone, Joe for Jaspy's casebreaks.com. It's back, 2020, 2021 Panini Prism Premier League, the English Premier League, soccer or footy football. Two box, random club break number 19. There's all the clubs right there, couple combos, all card ship, big thanks to everyone here for getting in on the action. And there's all the clubs right there. Let's roll it, let's randomize each list three and a one, four times. One, two, three, and a one, fourth and final time. After four, we got Robert down to Brian. There we go. Three and a one, four times for the clubs. One, two, three, and a one. Fourth and final time, we got Aston Villa all the way down to Westham United. And this is, let me finish this part again. It's Thursday the 11th, 2021, two box, RC random club number 19, 2020, Panini Premier League, soccer or the EPL, English Premier League. All right, Robert with Aston Villa, Taylor with Fulham, Robert with Crystal Palace and Leeds, Robert with the Brighton Hove, Albion. Greg, you got my club, Liverpool, and you've got Newcastle, Matthew with Chelsea, Sheffield, and Westrom for Greg, Southampton for Robert, Leicester City for Matthew. Burnley and Manchester United for Robert, Bill with Tottenham, Robert with Wolves, Taylor with Everton, Robert with Man City, and Arsenal, and Brian with Westham United. Let's alphabetize by club right here. All right, and while you're considering trades, let me, I think I could put this case on this table here. Let's figure out which boxes we're gonna do. Let's flip away from this screen just for a sec. How should we do this? Let's just use the dice to help us out here. So you can see four stacks of three right here. So I'm gonna select a die, I'm gonna select that Liverpool red die right there. We're gonna select columns, one, two, three, four, five and six, I'll just roll again, and then we'll select boxes, one, two, three, one, two, three, four, five, six. I'm just making, so column three. So now, one, two, three, four, five, six, five, one, two, three, four, five, six. We're gonna be doing this box, and then we'll choose the stack again. Six, we'll just roll again. Two, stack two right here, and then one, two, three, four, five, six for the second box. Four, one, two, three, four, so the middle box right there. So those are the two we're gonna do. The rest, I'm just gonna set on the back table there, and then we'll just grab two random boxes next time. We'll put X's over this, the Premier League Lion, so we know that they're all from the same case. All right, so all of these are marked. All right, there's check mark, check mark. All right, any trades? No trades? TWC trade window closed, let's print, let's rip, let's see what we got inside. Another two boxes in the store already. I would love to do another few more breaks of this, should be a lot of fun. All right, after this break, we'll go through some more orders and see what else we've got going on. So basically, you want the guys on the box, right? And then one guy not on the box would be Arsenal's soccer. Yeah, I have not seen a color blast either out of here. We have seen a couple kabooms in the previous 18 breaks that we've done. We saw a couple kabooms, but I think no on the color blast, unless the personals channel at Jasper's Rakes on Instagram, unless they pulled one. All card chip, and listen, if you're not too familiar with soccer, it's almost worth looking up every card that you get because you might be surprised at even how some of these base cards will go for on a secondary market of a seemingly no-name player. A lot of people have been surprised, even with the comics. Here's the first half. There's the final printout right here. Thanks, everyone, for getting in. So we're looking for one autograph per box, on average, but mostly the parallel hunt is a big thing here, too. So a lot of ways to win the break. There's Hector Bellarine for Arsenal. He'll be for Robert. Dele Alli's pretty solid. And we've got Callum Robinson. And we've got Leandro Truessard for Brighton to 25. That's gonna go to Robert. West Brom for Greg. And Dele Alli for Tottenham, which will be for Bill, last spot mojo. I think these team cards are pretty cool, although I'm not a fan of Manchester United. These are my rivals. 15 out of 25. It's a nice one for Robert and Manu. Timo Vernes is his first card in a Chelsea shirt, I think. And we've got Luka Milvoyevich for Palace. That's gonna go to Robert. There's Mo Salah, I guess, Liverpool, putting all their eggs in the Champions League basket. They advanced to the quarter-finals. Premier League season's really rough, though. Correct, no late... No, there is a late night tomorrow, actually. That's our only late night. There's Granite Zaka, different Zaka. There's Andros Townsend to 199. So yeah, so John Lundstrom for Sheffield. But no, so tonight, since Jason and Nick are in Dallas for that card show, tonight, Sean is doing Instagram to cover for Jason. Then tomorrow, Teddy is doing Instagram. So then it's, we got a late night, myself, and then Sean afterwards. And then on Saturday, just a normal night, no late night. It'll just be me. And Sean, I think, is off tomorrow. Or on Saturday, that is. And then on Sunday, he'll be doing YouTube instead of Jason. And then Teddy will be doing Instagram on Sunday instead of Sean. So we kind of mixed everything around a little bit. Nice, Andy Robertson to 135 for my club, Liverpool. Hyunmin Sun, right there, too. Sun going to Tottenham for Bill, and Andy Robertson going to Liverpool for Greg. Hugh Eloris for Tottenham. Scores Club for Charleston, Silver. It's pretty good, so is Harry Kane. Alex Obobi for Everton, couple Everton cards for Taylor. And then we got Martine Dubravka. Dubravka to 199. Newcastle, that's gonna go to Greg. There's some green-cracked ice on the bottom there. And here comes the autograph. And it's gonna be, wow. Hyunmin Sun, there you go. Nice audit, almost looks like Derek Jeter kind of sound like that. No, Ichiro maybe kind of sounds like that, too. That's a monster hit for Bill, last spot mojo. Pretty nice, ding ding, there it is. Silver, Jean-Jo Chelevi, former Liverpool man. Got Aaron Cresswell for Westham, Brian Clay, and Brandon Pierrick, 11 out of 49. Yeah, Nick, I think we've done some hybrid soccer before. It's pretty solid. It's just a different kind of product exclusive. Probably there's some probably parallels exclusive to it. All right, here's the next one. You know what, I think we're gonna need a few of those. I did not actually put that in the schedule, but we're probably gonna have to do a few of those. I'll get a count for how many fillers we need afterwards and put it on the break schedule after this break. All right, someone look up that Hyunmin Sun autograph. I think the price on that is gonna be pretty crazy. Yeah, Matt's saying, is that the third one we have? We've pulled a lot. Here is the next box, good luck. Have a good night, Mike. We got a Michael Ector for Fulham and Alexander Lacazette to 199 for Arsenal. Another Harry Kane right here too. So for Fulham, that's for Taylor and Lacazette Arsenal for Robert. To 199, where did my tee go? Doesn't want me to watch basketball anymore. It's nice Mason Greenwood. Got Fabio Silva for Wolves and Darnell Furlong, 59 out of 75 for West Brom. Greg, Robert has the Wolves. That's right, Bill. Some nice last spot mojo for you. 60% of the time, it's 100% of the time. Nice Hyunmin Sun autograph. There you go, David's saying one Sun auto up for auction on eBay, sitting at $438 with still with four days left. That's a pretty big one. And what about Ector Belladine? Arsenal autograph. He's pretty solid too. It's for Robert and Arsenal. We got a Silver Reese James. There's Hyunmin Sun, a base card. And we got Pablo Fornals for Weston, the Hammers, Brian Clay. And we've got Rodrigo, 119 out of 135 for Man City. Robert, Robert has both Manchester teams there. Marcus Rashford, I think it's pretty solid. I mean, all of these are gonna be really solid. We got Eves Basouma for Brighton, Robert. Mason Mount, I think for Chelsea has been playing well. Matthew, we got Billy Gilmore, I think it's solid too. 153 out of 199, Blue Rookie. Another one for Matthew and Chelsea. It's Jordan Henderson, Jordan Pickford, Nicholas Pepe, 22 out of 49. Green Cracked Ice for Arsenal for Robert. Ben, me for Burnley. Robert, we got Anthony Robinson, 32 out of 99. For Fulham, that'll be for Taylor. The last bits here. We got Michael Antonio, Silver for West Ham United. Brian Clay with the Hammers. We got Sam Johnstone to 135 for West Brom. And the last one here, nice Trent Alexander-Arnold. Great fullback for my club Liverpool. And there you have it, boys and girls. Pretty nice break. That was 2 box, Random Country number 19. 2020, Panini, Prism Premier League Soccer, the EPL. Thanks for watching. I'm Joe, and we'll break more footy with you next time. Bye-bye.
|
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UCseUQK4kC3x2x543nHtGpzw
|
Clojure - miscellany
|
Part of a series teaching the Clojure language. For other programming topics, visit http://codeschool.org
|
[
"Clojure (Programming Language)"
] | 2014-10-14T21:49:39 | 2024-02-05T20:53:20 | 580 |
y27eWMbN000
|
metadata is data that annotates other data. All closure objects, except numbers, booleans, and strings can have an associated map of metadata. Metadata is used by a few special forms and standard library macros, and sometimes you'll find attaching metadata to objects useful for your own purposes. We can create a new object with metadata using the withMeta function of closure.core. This call to withMeta returns a new vector with the values 1 and 2, and this new vector has a metadata map with the key soMeta associated with the value true. To get the metadata map of an object we use the meta function of closure.core. Another way to attach metadata is with the special character carrot. When a map is preceded with a carrot character the reader will attach it as metadata to the following reader element. So the map here is not its own reader element, rather this syntax produces one reader element the vector, and that vector has the map attached to it as its metadata. Some special forms and macros treat elements with metadata in special ways. The def special form, for example, will attach the metadata of its symbol to the var of the def. So when this def form maps a symbol x to a var it attaches a metadata of the symbol to the var itself. The last thing to understand about metadata is it closure's equality test ignores metadata. This equality test returns true because the two vectors are equivalent even though they have different metadata. The term arity refers to the number of arguments expected by a function. Closure functions can actually have multiple bodies as long as each body has a distinguishable arity. Each parameter list and body is written in parentheses. This function here foo has two arities. When called with three arguments it returns the sum of its arguments, but when called with two arguments it returns the second argument subtracted from the first. An important limitation is that no two bodies of the function may expect the same number of arguments. This fn form here will trigger an evaluation error because its two bodies both expect the same number of arguments which would make calls to the function ambiguous. Does a call with three arguments invoke the first definition or the second? There's no way for closure to decide so it doesn't allow such functions. Also be clear that a rest parameter causes conflicts with any function definition that has an arity of greater length. In this example the second body expects one or more arguments so it conflicts with the first body expecting three arguments because three counts as one or more. The intimidating term destructuring simply refers to a convenience of the forms that create bindings namely let loop an fn. Very commonly we wish to bind the individual elements of a collection to separate symbols. For example here I'm binding the first element of the sequence to the symbol x and binding the second element to the symbol y. With destructuring I can express the same thing more concisely. Normally in a binding the target is a single symbol but here the target of the binding is a vector with two symbols x and y. The value of the expression we are binding is expected to mirror this vector such that the first element of s is bound to x and the second element is bound to y. As long as s is a seekable type this works fine. The sequence could even have fewer than two elements in which case the extra symbols get the value nil. Destructuring also works with maps. Here the target map has a key symbol x with value keyword x meaning that the value of the keyword x in the expression we're binding is bound to the symbol x. Frankly the syntax for map destructuring seems totally backwards to me. It would be much more logical to make the binding targets the values of the destructuring map instead of its keys. The reason closure went with the illogical syntax is because certain keywords used as keys of a destructuring map have special meaning in that context. For example the keyword keys in the destructuring map precedes a vector that lists symbols to bind for keywords of the same name, e.g. the symbol x is bound the value of the keyword x from the provided expression. So this special syntax bears us from having to write the same words as both symbols and keywords. There are a few other special keywords in destructuring maps but I won't go into them here. Destructuring maps and vectors can be nested. Here for example the target of the binding form is a map with a nested vector. The general idea of destructuring is that the provided expression must mirror the target as it does here. The value of the keyword x is expected to be a sequence and its first two elements are bound to the symbols a and b. While the syntax is nice and compact as you can see it gets a little cluttery so I recommend using it with some caution. All the examples I've shown are with the let form but destructuring also works in the loop and fn forms as well as the defend macro. In this defend macro for example the function expects just one parameter but that parameter is expected to be a seekable and the first and second elements of that seekable get bounded to the symbols a and b. A set is a collection type in which all of the elements are always unique. Sets are like maps but all the keys of a set are their own values whereas maps have key value pairs sets just have keys. Clojure has two primary kinds of sets hash sets and tree sets. The difference is that hash sets have no sense of order among their elements but tree sets keep their elements in a sorted order. The hash set function of closure.core creates a hash set. This example creates a set of three elements the string high the number five and the number eight. Notice that we supplied the value eight twice as argument to hash set but the set only stores one value eight not two. Many of the standard collection functions work on sets for example conge here returns a set of four elements high 11 5 8 get s high returns high and get s 24 returns nil because the set does not contain 24. Somewhat surprisingly we cannot remove elements with this oak but instead must use a function called disj short for disjoint. So this call to disjoint here returns a copy of the set but without the value five. To create a tree set we use the function sorted set. First we def to s a tree set with the values negative five two seven and nine in that order and if we call first on this set we get the value negative five and then rest returns the sequence two seven and nine. The sorting is done by the compare function so all of the elements must be numbers. If you want to specify a different sorting function use sorted set by. Here we use greater than as the compare function. You may recall from earlier that the greater than function sorts numbers from greatest to least because it returns true when its first argument is greater than its second. For convenience and concision closure collection types are themselves functions a collection invoked as a function returns the value for the index or key provided as argument. We invoke a vector as a function with the argument one and the call returns five the value at index one of the vector. Here we invoke a map as a function with the argument keyword y and the call returns four the value associated with the keyword y. As a further convenience keywords can also be called as functions. A keyword called as a function with a map as argument returns the value of the map associated with the keyword. This extra allowance does nothing we couldn't already accomplish but you may prefer this construction stylistically in certain contexts. In addition to the apostrophe for the quote form the closure reader has a few other syntactical conveniences. A list preceded with a number sign is shorthand for an f-n form whose body has just one expression. In these shorthand functions parameters are symbols starting with a percent sign followed by a number denoting the position of the parameter. For example here percent sign two denotes the second parameter and percent sign one denotes the first parameter. Percent sign by itself is the same as percent sign one. A number sign in front of curly braces is shorthand for a hash set. Somewhat strangely this set shorthand doesn't accept duplicate arguments. Like quote the var special form has a shorthand syntax number sign apostrophe. When the carat symbol precedes a symbol it is shorthand for a metadata map in which the symbol is associated with the keyword tag. As we'll discuss later the keyword tag in metadata maps is used by some special forms and macros to convey type information. When the carat symbol precedes a keyword it is shorthand for a metadata map in which the value true is associated with that keyword. Again this is convenient for certain special forms and macros which expect metadata maps of this form. That covers most of the syntactical conveniences but there are a couple more we'll mention later.
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{
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y27eWMbN000",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
}
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