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alkyl
|
any of a series of univalent groups of the general formula CnH2n+1 derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons
|
alkyl: any of a series of univalent groups of the general formula CnH2n+1 derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons
|
allyl
|
the univalent unsaturated organic radical C3H5; derived from propylene
|
allyl: the univalent unsaturated organic radical C3H5; derived from propylene
|
amino
|
the radical -NH2
|
amino: the radical -NH2
|
aminomethane
|
a methyl with the hydrogen atom replaced by an amino radical
|
aminomethane: a methyl with the hydrogen atom replaced by an amino radical
|
amyl
|
a hydrocarbon radical that occurs in many organic compounds
|
amyl: a hydrocarbon radical that occurs in many organic compounds
|
anionic_compound
|
a compound characterized by an active anion
|
anionic_compound: a compound characterized by an active anion
|
anionic_detergent
|
a class of synthetic detergents in which the molecules do not ionize in aqueous solutions
|
anionic_detergent: a class of synthetic detergents in which the molecules do not ionize in aqueous solutions
|
base
|
any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water
|
base: any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water
|
base_metal
|
a metal that is common and not considered precious
|
base_metal: a metal that is common and not considered precious
|
binary_compound
|
chemical compound composed of only two elements
|
binary_compound: chemical compound composed of only two elements
|
chelate
|
a heterocyclic compound having a metal ion attached by coordinate bonds to at least two nonmetal ions
|
chelate: a heterocyclic compound having a metal ion attached by coordinate bonds to at least two nonmetal ions
|
atom
|
(physics and chemistry) the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element
|
atom: (physics and chemistry) the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element
|
isotope
|
one of two or more atoms with the same atomic number but with different numbers of neutrons
|
isotope: one of two or more atoms with the same atomic number but with different numbers of neutrons
|
radioisotope
|
a radioactive isotope of an element; produced either naturally or artificially
|
radioisotope: a radioactive isotope of an element; produced either naturally or artificially
|
label
|
a radioactive isotope that is used in a compound in order to trace the mechanism of a chemical reaction
|
label: a radioactive isotope that is used in a compound in order to trace the mechanism of a chemical reaction
|
halon
|
a compound in which the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon have been replaced by bromine and other halogen atoms; very stable; used in fire extinguishers although it is thought to release bromine that depletes the ozone layer
|
halon: a compound in which the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon have been replaced by bromine and other halogen atoms; very stable; used in fire extinguishers although it is thought to release bromine that depletes the ozone layer
|
bromoform
|
colorless liquid haloform CHBr3
|
bromoform: colorless liquid haloform CHBr3
|
fluoroform
|
colorless gas haloform CHF3 (similar to chloroform)
|
fluoroform: colorless gas haloform CHF3 (similar to chloroform)
|
iodoform
|
sweet smelling yellow solid haloform CHI3
|
iodoform: sweet smelling yellow solid haloform CHI3
|
haloform
|
compounds with the formula CHX3, where X is a halogen atom
|
haloform: compounds with the formula CHX3, where X is a halogen atom
|
monad
|
(chemistry) an atom having a valence of one
|
monad: (chemistry) an atom having a valence of one
|
azido_group
|
the univalent group N3- derived from hydrazoic acid
|
azido_group: the univalent group N3- derived from hydrazoic acid
|
azo_group
|
the bivalent group -N=N- united to two hydrocarbon groups
|
azo_group: the bivalent group -N=N- united to two hydrocarbon groups
|
group
|
(chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule
|
group: (chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule
|
fullerene
|
a form of carbon having a large molecule consisting of an empty cage of sixty or more carbon atoms
|
fullerene: a form of carbon having a large molecule consisting of an empty cage of sixty or more carbon atoms
|
buckminsterfullerene
|
a spheroidal fullerene; the first known example of a fullerene
|
buckminsterfullerene: a spheroidal fullerene; the first known example of a fullerene
|
carbon_nanotube
|
a fullerene molecule having a cylindrical or toroidal shape
|
carbon_nanotube: a fullerene molecule having a cylindrical or toroidal shape
|
benzyl
|
the univalent radical derived from toluene
|
benzyl: the univalent radical derived from toluene
|
benzoyl_group
|
the univalent radical derived from benzoic acid
|
benzoyl_group: the univalent radical derived from benzoic acid
|
chemical_element
|
any of the more than 100 known substances (of which 92 occur naturally) that cannot be separated into simpler substances and that singly or in combination constitute all matter
|
chemical_element: any of the more than 100 known substances (of which 92 occur naturally) that cannot be separated into simpler substances and that singly or in combination constitute all matter
|
allotrope
|
a structurally different form of an element
|
allotrope: a structurally different form of an element
|
transuranic_element
|
any element having an atomic number greater than 92 (which is the atomic number of uranium); all are radioactive
|
transuranic_element: any element having an atomic number greater than 92 (which is the atomic number of uranium); all are radioactive
|
noble_gas
|
any of the chemically inert gaseous elements of the helium group in the periodic table
|
noble_gas: any of the chemically inert gaseous elements of the helium group in the periodic table
|
helium_group
|
the series of inert gases
|
helium_group: the series of inert gases
|
rare_earth
|
any element of the lanthanide series (atomic numbers 57 through 71)
|
rare_earth: any element of the lanthanide series (atomic numbers 57 through 71)
|
terbium_metal
|
a separate group of related lanthanides, including terbium, europium, gadolinium, and sometimes dysprosium
|
terbium_metal: a separate group of related lanthanides, including terbium, europium, gadolinium, and sometimes dysprosium
|
actinide_series
|
(chemistry) a series of 15 radioactive elements with increasing atomic numbers from actinium to lawrencium
|
actinide_series: (chemistry) a series of 15 radioactive elements with increasing atomic numbers from actinium to lawrencium
|
lanthanide_series
|
the rare-earth elements with atomic numbers 57 through 71; having properties similar to lanthanum
|
lanthanide_series: the rare-earth elements with atomic numbers 57 through 71; having properties similar to lanthanum
|
metallic_element
|
any of several chemical elements that are usually shiny solids that conduct heat or electricity and can be formed into sheets etc.
|
metallic_element: any of several chemical elements that are usually shiny solids that conduct heat or electricity and can be formed into sheets etc.
|
noble_metal
|
any metal that is resistant to corrosion or oxidation
|
noble_metal: any metal that is resistant to corrosion or oxidation
|
nonmetal
|
a chemical element lacking typical metallic properties
|
nonmetal: a chemical element lacking typical metallic properties
|
transactinide
|
any of the artificially produced elements with atomic numbers greater than 103
|
transactinide: any of the artificially produced elements with atomic numbers greater than 103
|
metallized_dye
|
acid dye in which the negative ion contains a chelated metal atom
|
metallized_dye: acid dye in which the negative ion contains a chelated metal atom
|
actinium
|
a radioactive element of the actinide series; found in uranium ores
|
actinium: a radioactive element of the actinide series; found in uranium ores
|
aluminum
|
a silvery ductile metallic element found primarily in bauxite
|
aluminum: a silvery ductile metallic element found primarily in bauxite
|
alum
|
a white crystalline double sulfate of aluminum: the potassium double sulfate of aluminum
|
alum: a white crystalline double sulfate of aluminum: the potassium double sulfate of aluminum
|
alum
|
a white crystalline double sulfate of aluminum: the ammonium double sulfate of aluminum
|
alum: a white crystalline double sulfate of aluminum: the ammonium double sulfate of aluminum
|
americium
|
a radioactive transuranic metallic element; discovered by bombarding uranium with helium atoms
|
americium: a radioactive transuranic metallic element; discovered by bombarding uranium with helium atoms
|
antimony
|
a metallic element having four allotropic forms; used in a wide variety of alloys; found in stibnite
|
antimony: a metallic element having four allotropic forms; used in a wide variety of alloys; found in stibnite
|
argon
|
a colorless and odorless inert gas; one of the six inert gases; comprises approximately 1% of the earth's atmosphere
|
argon: a colorless and odorless inert gas; one of the six inert gases; comprises approximately 1% of the earth's atmosphere
|
arsenic
|
a very poisonous metallic element that has three allotropic forms; arsenic and arsenic compounds are used as herbicides and insecticides and various alloys; found in arsenopyrite and orpiment and realgar
|
arsenic: a very poisonous metallic element that has three allotropic forms; arsenic and arsenic compounds are used as herbicides and insecticides and various alloys; found in arsenopyrite and orpiment and realgar
|
astatine
|
a highly unstable radioactive element (the heaviest of the halogen series); a decay product of uranium and thorium
|
astatine: a highly unstable radioactive element (the heaviest of the halogen series); a decay product of uranium and thorium
|
atrazine
|
a synthetic compound derived from triazine that is widely used as an agricultural herbicide
|
atrazine: a synthetic compound derived from triazine that is widely used as an agricultural herbicide
|
barium
|
a soft silvery metallic element of the alkali earth group; found in barite
|
barium: a soft silvery metallic element of the alkali earth group; found in barite
|
baryta
|
any of several compounds of barium
|
baryta: any of several compounds of barium
|
barium_hydroxide
|
white poisonous crystals; made by dissolving barium oxide in water
|
barium_hydroxide: white poisonous crystals; made by dissolving barium oxide in water
|
barium_monoxide
|
an oxide of barium; a whitish toxic powder
|
barium_monoxide: an oxide of barium; a whitish toxic powder
|
barium_dioxide
|
a white toxic powder obtained by heating barium oxide in air
|
barium_dioxide: a white toxic powder obtained by heating barium oxide in air
|
base_pair
|
one of the pairs of chemical bases joined by hydrogen bonds that connect the complementary strands of a DNA molecule or of an RNA molecule that has two strands; the base pairs are adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine in DNA and adenine with uracil and guanine with cytosine in RNA
|
base_pair: one of the pairs of chemical bases joined by hydrogen bonds that connect the complementary strands of a DNA molecule or of an RNA molecule that has two strands; the base pairs are adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine in DNA and adenine with uracil and guanine with cytosine in RNA
|
berkelium
|
a radioactive transuranic element; discovered by bombarding americium with helium
|
berkelium: a radioactive transuranic element; discovered by bombarding americium with helium
|
beryllium
|
a light strong brittle grey toxic bivalent metallic element
|
beryllium: a light strong brittle grey toxic bivalent metallic element
|
bismuth
|
a heavy brittle diamagnetic trivalent metallic element (resembles arsenic and antimony chemically); usually recovered as a by-product from ores of other metals
|
bismuth: a heavy brittle diamagnetic trivalent metallic element (resembles arsenic and antimony chemically); usually recovered as a by-product from ores of other metals
|
bohrium
|
a transuranic element
|
bohrium: a transuranic element
|
boron
|
a trivalent metalloid element; occurs both in a hard black crystal and in the form of a yellow or brown powder
|
boron: a trivalent metalloid element; occurs both in a hard black crystal and in the form of a yellow or brown powder
|
bromine
|
a nonmetallic heavy volatile corrosive dark brown liquid element belonging to the halogens; found in sea water
|
bromine: a nonmetallic heavy volatile corrosive dark brown liquid element belonging to the halogens; found in sea water
|
cadmium
|
a soft bluish-white ductile malleable toxic bivalent metallic element; occurs in association with zinc ores
|
cadmium: a soft bluish-white ductile malleable toxic bivalent metallic element; occurs in association with zinc ores
|
calcium
|
a white metallic element that burns with a brilliant light; the fifth most abundant element in the earth's crust; an important component of most plants and animals
|
calcium: a white metallic element that burns with a brilliant light; the fifth most abundant element in the earth's crust; an important component of most plants and animals
|
californium
|
a radioactive transuranic element; discovered by bombarding curium with alpha particles
|
californium: a radioactive transuranic element; discovered by bombarding curium with alpha particles
|
carbon
|
an abundant nonmetallic tetravalent element occurring in three allotropic forms: amorphous carbon and graphite and diamond; occurs in all organic compounds
|
carbon: an abundant nonmetallic tetravalent element occurring in three allotropic forms: amorphous carbon and graphite and diamond; occurs in all organic compounds
|
carbon_atom
|
an atom of carbon
|
carbon_atom: an atom of carbon
|
radiocarbon
|
a radioactive isotope of carbon
|
radiocarbon: a radioactive isotope of carbon
|
cerium
|
a ductile grey metallic element of the lanthanide series; used in lighter flints; the most abundant of the rare-earth group
|
cerium: a ductile grey metallic element of the lanthanide series; used in lighter flints; the most abundant of the rare-earth group
|
cesium
|
a soft silver-white ductile metallic element (liquid at normal temperatures); the most electropositive and alkaline metal
|
cesium: a soft silver-white ductile metallic element (liquid at normal temperatures); the most electropositive and alkaline metal
|
cesium_137
|
a radioactive isotope of cesium used in radiation therapy
|
cesium_137: a radioactive isotope of cesium used in radiation therapy
|
chlorine
|
a common nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; best known as a heavy yellow irritating toxic gas; used to purify water and as a bleaching agent and disinfectant; occurs naturally only as a salt (as in sea water)
|
chlorine: a common nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; best known as a heavy yellow irritating toxic gas; used to purify water and as a bleaching agent and disinfectant; occurs naturally only as a salt (as in sea water)
|
radiochlorine
|
a radioactive isotope of chlorine
|
radiochlorine: a radioactive isotope of chlorine
|
chromium
|
a hard brittle multivalent metallic element; resistant to corrosion and tarnishing
|
chromium: a hard brittle multivalent metallic element; resistant to corrosion and tarnishing
|
cobalt
|
a hard ferromagnetic silver-white bivalent or trivalent metallic element; a trace element in plant and animal nutrition
|
cobalt: a hard ferromagnetic silver-white bivalent or trivalent metallic element; a trace element in plant and animal nutrition
|
cobalt_60
|
a radioactive isotope of cobalt with mass number 60; a source of exceptionally intense gamma rays; used in radiation therapy
|
cobalt_60: a radioactive isotope of cobalt with mass number 60; a source of exceptionally intense gamma rays; used in radiation therapy
|
copper
|
a ductile malleable reddish-brown corrosion-resistant diamagnetic metallic element; occurs in various minerals but is the only metal that occurs abundantly in large masses; used as an electrical and thermal conductor
|
copper: a ductile malleable reddish-brown corrosion-resistant diamagnetic metallic element; occurs in various minerals but is the only metal that occurs abundantly in large masses; used as an electrical and thermal conductor
|
curium
|
a radioactive transuranic metallic element; produced by bombarding plutonium with helium nuclei
|
curium: a radioactive transuranic metallic element; produced by bombarding plutonium with helium nuclei
|
darmstadtium
|
a radioactive transuranic element
|
darmstadtium: a radioactive transuranic element
|
dubnium
|
a transuranic element
|
dubnium: a transuranic element
|
dysprosium
|
a trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group; forms compounds that are highly magnetic
|
dysprosium: a trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group; forms compounds that are highly magnetic
|
einsteinium
|
a radioactive transuranic element produced by bombarding plutonium with neutrons
|
einsteinium: a radioactive transuranic element produced by bombarding plutonium with neutrons
|
erbium
|
a trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group; occurs with yttrium
|
erbium: a trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group; occurs with yttrium
|
europium
|
a bivalent and trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group
|
europium: a bivalent and trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group
|
fermium
|
a radioactive transuranic metallic element produced by bombarding plutonium with neutrons
|
fermium: a radioactive transuranic metallic element produced by bombarding plutonium with neutrons
|
fluorine
|
a nonmetallic univalent element belonging to the halogens; usually a yellow irritating toxic flammable gas; a powerful oxidizing agent; recovered from fluorite or cryolite or fluorapatite
|
fluorine: a nonmetallic univalent element belonging to the halogens; usually a yellow irritating toxic flammable gas; a powerful oxidizing agent; recovered from fluorite or cryolite or fluorapatite
|
francium
|
a radioactive element of the alkali-metal group discovered as a disintegration product of actinium
|
francium: a radioactive element of the alkali-metal group discovered as a disintegration product of actinium
|
gadolinium
|
a ductile silvery-white ductile ferromagnetic trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group
|
gadolinium: a ductile silvery-white ductile ferromagnetic trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group
|
gallium
|
a rare silvery (usually trivalent) metallic element; brittle at low temperatures but liquid above room temperature; occurs in trace amounts in bauxite and zinc ores
|
gallium: a rare silvery (usually trivalent) metallic element; brittle at low temperatures but liquid above room temperature; occurs in trace amounts in bauxite and zinc ores
|
germanium
|
a brittle grey crystalline element that is a semiconducting metalloid (resembling silicon) used in transistors; occurs in germanite and argyrodite
|
germanium: a brittle grey crystalline element that is a semiconducting metalloid (resembling silicon) used in transistors; occurs in germanite and argyrodite
|
gold
|
a soft yellow malleable ductile (trivalent and univalent) metallic element; occurs mainly as nuggets in rocks and alluvial deposits; does not react with most chemicals but is attacked by chlorine and aqua regia
|
gold: a soft yellow malleable ductile (trivalent and univalent) metallic element; occurs mainly as nuggets in rocks and alluvial deposits; does not react with most chemicals but is attacked by chlorine and aqua regia
|
18-karat_gold
|
an alloy that contains 75 per cent gold
|
18-karat_gold: an alloy that contains 75 per cent gold
|
22-karat_gold
|
an alloy that contains 87 per cent gold
|
22-karat_gold: an alloy that contains 87 per cent gold
|
24-karat_gold
|
100 per cent gold
|
24-karat_gold: 100 per cent gold
|
hafnium
|
a grey tetravalent metallic element that resembles zirconium chemically and is found in zirconium minerals; used in filaments for its ready emission of electrons
|
hafnium: a grey tetravalent metallic element that resembles zirconium chemically and is found in zirconium minerals; used in filaments for its ready emission of electrons
|
hassium
|
a radioactive transuranic element
|
hassium: a radioactive transuranic element
|
helium
|
a very light colorless element that is one of the six inert gasses; the most difficult gas to liquefy; occurs in economically extractable amounts in certain natural gases (as those found in Texas and Kansas)
|
helium: a very light colorless element that is one of the six inert gasses; the most difficult gas to liquefy; occurs in economically extractable amounts in certain natural gases (as those found in Texas and Kansas)
|
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