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Human: CMV: The Republican "skepticism" around the FBI raid of Mar-a-Lago is ridiculous Can you help me out, I don't get the right wing argument here? Normally, I can at least see the kernel of truth, but... A guy was in possession of material he wasn't legally allowed to have & didn't return upon request. The FBI, who had jurisdiction, seized it--same as if any random ex-staffer had those documents. It really seems pretty clear cut, and the response from the "opposition" appears to entirely rely on self-serving radical skepticism (aka argument from ignorance) and/or conspiracy thinking. How is this not obviously wrong to even staunch Trumpers? I mean, to me, this is 1+1=3 territory so please, if I am missing something enlighten me. Assistant: Why would you trust an agency that has demonstrated time and again the willingness to simply make shit up in order to get a conviction or protect a pedophile?	Human: CMV: The Republican "skepticism" around the FBI raid of Mar-a-Lago is ridiculous Can you help me out, I don't get the right wing argument here? Normally, I can at least see the kernel of truth, but... A guy was in possession of material he wasn't legally allowed to have & didn't return upon request. The FBI, who had jurisdiction, seized it--same as if any random ex-staffer had those documents. It really seems pretty clear cut, and the response from the "opposition" appears to entirely rely on self-serving radical skepticism (aka argument from ignorance) and/or conspiracy thinking. How is this not obviously wrong to even staunch Trumpers? I mean, to me, this is 1+1=3 territory so please, if I am missing something enlighten me. Assistant: over the last 80 years different agencies of the federal government have been shown to have allowed themselves to be weponised for political reasons. fbi, cia, irs,homeland security all have allowed themselves to be used for political gains of the party in charge. we have had no reforms, except the government acknowledging decades layer it happened then but it won't happen now	0.521253
Human: What are some cuts of meat that are currently cheap, but are on track to be trendy and expensive in the next few years? I feel like cuts like flank steak, hangar steak, oxtails, short ribs, etc. all used to be pretty cheap cuts of meat that have increased in price as they became popular and trendy over the last 5-10 years. Anyone have any guesses on what some cuts of meat are that will have that same fate, but are currently cheap? Assistant: This shit happened to chuck roasts... I remember buying them for $1.29/lb or less - now they go on 'sale' for $3.99/lb... bite me.	Human: What are some cuts of meat that are currently cheap, but are on track to be trendy and expensive in the next few years? I feel like cuts like flank steak, hangar steak, oxtails, short ribs, etc. all used to be pretty cheap cuts of meat that have increased in price as they became popular and trendy over the last 5-10 years. Anyone have any guesses on what some cuts of meat are that will have that same fate, but are currently cheap? Assistant: Tri Tip, less expensive than roast beef and way more tender.	0.652393
Human: [Star Wars]The Empire goes to considerable lengths to find and indoctrinate young force-users. When Anakin killed the younglings did... did he just do it on his own initiative? Was Palpatine pissed Anakin murdered a bunch of potential recruits? Assistant: > Every single Jedi [...] is now an enemy of the Republic. Do what must be done, Lord Vader. Do not hesitate. Show no mercy. Everyone learning the Force in that Temple was a target, and the Jedi indoctrinate their students from infancy.	Human: [Star Wars]The Empire goes to considerable lengths to find and indoctrinate young force-users. When Anakin killed the younglings did... did he just do it on his own initiative? Was Palpatine pissed Anakin murdered a bunch of potential recruits? Assistant: It was fine. The younglings had spent enough time marinating in Jedi teachings to be near useless as recruits. Sidious' objective was to clear the board of the Jedi, right down to the root. With them gone, the next generation if force users would either be raised up entirely according to his schedule, or destroyed.	0.701546
Human: What does bay leaf do? I do a good amount of home cooking and have worked FOH in the restaurant industry for some years now. I know what bay leaf tastes like, and I know what bay leaf smells like. When I have followed recipes that call for bay leaf, I'll add it (fresh or dried, depending on what's available) and I have never sensed it in my dishes. I think only once, when steaming artichokes with bay leaves in the water, did I ever think it contributed to the final dish, with a bit of a tea flavour to the artichoke petals. But do one or two bay leaves in a big pot of tomato sauce really do anything? Am I wasting my time trying to fish it out of the final dish? Please help me r/askculinary, you're my only hope. Assistant: In Brazil we use bay leaves everytime we cook beans. It gives the characteristic flavor that every brazilian love hahaha But yes, bay leaves have a strong taste and make the difference in the dish. Maybe you have to cook them longer for the flavor to come out	Human: What does bay leaf do? I do a good amount of home cooking and have worked FOH in the restaurant industry for some years now. I know what bay leaf tastes like, and I know what bay leaf smells like. When I have followed recipes that call for bay leaf, I'll add it (fresh or dried, depending on what's available) and I have never sensed it in my dishes. I think only once, when steaming artichokes with bay leaves in the water, did I ever think it contributed to the final dish, with a bit of a tea flavour to the artichoke petals. But do one or two bay leaves in a big pot of tomato sauce really do anything? Am I wasting my time trying to fish it out of the final dish? Please help me r/askculinary, you're my only hope. Assistant: Here's a dish I really like that has a strong bay leaf flavor. It's basically just a broth of chicken and onion, so the flavors of the seasonings really come through. If you can't taste the bay leaf and allspice in it, Belizeans will definitely be saying "it's good, but it needs more bay leaf".	0.720537
Human: Eli5, why is the average life expectancy for men lower than women? Assistant: In the very big picture, men do things that are more likely to cause death. Risky behaviour, dangerous jobs, war and conflict, etc.	Human: Eli5, why is the average life expectancy for men lower than women? Assistant: I know that in many parts of the world alcoholism is much more present in men than women. South and central America, eastern Europe... men getting frunk every day is barely frowned upon. Yet women drinking to the point of getting drunk is less socially accepted. Alcoholism can shave decades off your life...	0.600479
Human: Explain like I'm five years old: Why is the heart considered as a source of emotion? When all decisions/emotions/attractions/thoughts etc. originate form the brain, why do people use "heart" in such contexts? Assistant: Many classical philosophers and scientists, including Aristotle, considered the heart the seat of thought, reason, or emotion, often disregarding the brain as contributing to those functions. The identification of the heart as the seat of emotions in particular is due to the Roman physician Galen, who also located the seat of the passions in the liver, and the seat of reason in the brain. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart#Symbolism	Human: Explain like I'm five years old: Why is the heart considered as a source of emotion? When all decisions/emotions/attractions/thoughts etc. originate form the brain, why do people use "heart" in such contexts? Assistant: Other than the mentioned heart rate and tightness in the chest its most likely an influence of ancient societies. Many of them thought of the heart as home of the soul and thus the center of emotion. With this there comes a distinction of the heart as emotional decision-making in contrast to the brain as rational decisions-making.	0.758761
Human: [MCU] How The Hell Is it possible that only 74 people were injuried or killed in the battle of New York? In Civil War we learn that 74 people were injuried or killed when Loki attacked NY. 2.996 people died in the 9/11. The battle of New York was way worse than the 9/11. It was like 50 nine-elevens happening at the same time. How is it possible that less than 100 people died that day? Assistant: I always interpreted this as "74 people were killed directly/indirectly by the Avengers themselves due to friendly fire incidents, etc." -- thus justifying the Sokovia Accords -- rather than the full number of people killed in the invasion. Obviously, the total death toll would be far, far higher. (Consider there have been mass shooting incidents in the U.S. where a single gunman has exacted a toll almost that high!)	Human: [MCU] How The Hell Is it possible that only 74 people were injuried or killed in the battle of New York? In Civil War we learn that 74 people were injuried or killed when Loki attacked NY. 2.996 people died in the 9/11. The battle of New York was way worse than the 9/11. It was like 50 nine-elevens happening at the same time. How is it possible that less than 100 people died that day? Assistant: Captain America helped the cops organize to evacuate all the people in the danger zone into the subway tunnels. Then he had Thor channel all the Chitari down to where he wanted them with Ironman and Hawkeye taking care of any that didn't go down to where they wanted to fight them. Also the Chitari weren't trying to do random damage, they were trying to establish a beachhead for the bulk of the forces to land before the Army got there and pointed howitzers at the portal.	0.758611
Human: How should one prepare for a PhD defense? What is a good way to prepare for a PhD defense? I have mine in ten days! My plan is to read through my dissertation and publications once more. And also go through some relevant publications of my opponent. But not really read the literature I cite. What else should I read up on? Or how else can I prepare? Assistant: Take a long walk. Sleep through the night every night until then. Eat something highly nutritious. It's super unlikely that your advisor would have let you go to defense if he/she had any doubts you'd pass. It's a ritual more than an exam.	Human: How should one prepare for a PhD defense? What is a good way to prepare for a PhD defense? I have mine in ten days! My plan is to read through my dissertation and publications once more. And also go through some relevant publications of my opponent. But not really read the literature I cite. What else should I read up on? Or how else can I prepare? Assistant: Sword training.	0.063345
Human: Is attending pastry school after graduating with a Bachelor's degree wasteful? I am going to be graduating with a Bachelor's degree in anthropology this spring. I really love academia and have applied to two graduate programs that I will be very happy to attend should I be accepted. However, they are very competitive programs and I am not bating my breath. I have been baking at home since I was 12 and have worked in restaurants for 6 years now, and have been the head baker at a coffeeshop with a decent assortment of pastries for about a year. Despite all my baking at work, I still bake constantly at home as it is truly one of my favorite things in the world. Would I be "wasting" my bachelor's degree if I were to attend a pastry school after graduating? Even though I love the idea of attaining a proper education so I can pursue pastry further (and hopefully own & operate my own micro-bakery down the line), I can't help but feel that–if I ended up attending pastry school anyway–then it was such a "waste" to attend university for four years and spend tens of thousands of dollars on it. I will never consider it a true waste because I value the intellectual education I received and wouldn't return it for the world. But considering the typical pay that pastry chefs earn, it feels like I would have made an investment not only in my bachelor's degree but also in pastry school to earn a salary that is accessible even to those without either of these educational experiences. I love baking. I think about it constantly, plan on projects, consume baking content, look for inspiration, and I already know I love the actual grind of baking in a professional setting. I know this isn't a passing passion as I have been baking for many years and have always found it thrilling. Yet, I can't shake the feeling that I spent so much time and money on a degree that will not have been necessary should I pursue pastry as a career. Do y'all have any thoughts on this? Any similar experiences? I would greatly appreciate any advice or anecdotes. Thank you in advance! Assistant: I think the biggest question is can you afford it? What about financing it? Additional debt and debt payments?	Human: Is attending pastry school after graduating with a Bachelor's degree wasteful? I am going to be graduating with a Bachelor's degree in anthropology this spring. I really love academia and have applied to two graduate programs that I will be very happy to attend should I be accepted. However, they are very competitive programs and I am not bating my breath. I have been baking at home since I was 12 and have worked in restaurants for 6 years now, and have been the head baker at a coffeeshop with a decent assortment of pastries for about a year. Despite all my baking at work, I still bake constantly at home as it is truly one of my favorite things in the world. Would I be "wasting" my bachelor's degree if I were to attend a pastry school after graduating? Even though I love the idea of attaining a proper education so I can pursue pastry further (and hopefully own & operate my own micro-bakery down the line), I can't help but feel that–if I ended up attending pastry school anyway–then it was such a "waste" to attend university for four years and spend tens of thousands of dollars on it. I will never consider it a true waste because I value the intellectual education I received and wouldn't return it for the world. But considering the typical pay that pastry chefs earn, it feels like I would have made an investment not only in my bachelor's degree but also in pastry school to earn a salary that is accessible even to those without either of these educational experiences. I love baking. I think about it constantly, plan on projects, consume baking content, look for inspiration, and I already know I love the actual grind of baking in a professional setting. I know this isn't a passing passion as I have been baking for many years and have always found it thrilling. Yet, I can't shake the feeling that I spent so much time and money on a degree that will not have been necessary should I pursue pastry as a career. Do y'all have any thoughts on this? Any similar experiences? I would greatly appreciate any advice or anecdotes. Thank you in advance! Assistant: It’s good to have a back-up. But I would find a job somewhere you like the baked goods, even as a short-term “intern”. You get a chance to test your skills, pick up a few (maybe) and see how you like it as a job. If you still feel it’s for you, then find a paying job or pay for school.	0.751329
Human: What to serve with pasta if you can not have garlic bread I can not eat garlic, and looking for something more flavorful than bread and butter. Assistant: Roasted broccoli, sooooo good with pasta plus healthy	Human: What to serve with pasta if you can not have garlic bread I can not eat garlic, and looking for something more flavorful than bread and butter. Assistant: Herb butter is something I really like having on bread with pasta. Get a half lb of butter, some fresh herbs like thyme, basil, parsely, and rosemary. Cream your butter with a mixer or spatula. Finely chop up your herbs and add them and mix. Roll the final product in some plastic wrap and leave it in your freezer. Cut off a slice at a time and put it on your bread.	0.054186
Human: Alternatives to Kitchenaid? Hey bakers! So I think I’m finally throwing in the towel on my Kitchenaid artisan stand mixer. It breaks my heart because I got it as a wedding gift (only 4 years ago) from my grandparents, and it was meant to last forever. It did a lot to reignite my passion my baking. But I’m just getting tired of it breaking down on me. A summary of all the issues I’ve had basically boil down to the mixer not being heavy duty enough. This really surprised me, because I’m not even a bread baker. I do mostly cakes and cookies, so it’s not like I’m making things that put a ton of strain on the motor. I also don’t bake crazy frequently. Maybe twice a month. And yet it can’t handle whipping a buttercream on medium high for 10 minutes. I have to premix thicker doughs just to make sure it can get going. And it’s gotten to the point that sometimes I’ll just break out my hand mixer off the bat because I don’t feel like dealing with the Kitchenaid. My husband is pretty handy and has repaired it himself a few times. But he’s at the point where he needs to hand it off to a professional. It’ll cost at least $100 for the consult/initial repair. I’m finding myself wondering if it’s worth it to pay to repair it when it seems like I have myself a dud. That $100 could already get me a good portion of the way to a new stand mixer. So what do y’all recommend? Those of you who use mixers other than Kitchenaid, what do you use and what do you love/hate about it? Any diehard Kitchenaid fans that think I should stick it out? Assistant: I got a Bosch and really like it. Whips stuff up so quickly. You can do huge batches in it and it has a lid so flour doesn't go everywhere. There is a bit of a learning curve and it's not as convenient for small batches. I have a kitchenaid classic that I use for smaller stuff in conjunction with the Bosch.	Human: Alternatives to Kitchenaid? Hey bakers! So I think I’m finally throwing in the towel on my Kitchenaid artisan stand mixer. It breaks my heart because I got it as a wedding gift (only 4 years ago) from my grandparents, and it was meant to last forever. It did a lot to reignite my passion my baking. But I’m just getting tired of it breaking down on me. A summary of all the issues I’ve had basically boil down to the mixer not being heavy duty enough. This really surprised me, because I’m not even a bread baker. I do mostly cakes and cookies, so it’s not like I’m making things that put a ton of strain on the motor. I also don’t bake crazy frequently. Maybe twice a month. And yet it can’t handle whipping a buttercream on medium high for 10 minutes. I have to premix thicker doughs just to make sure it can get going. And it’s gotten to the point that sometimes I’ll just break out my hand mixer off the bat because I don’t feel like dealing with the Kitchenaid. My husband is pretty handy and has repaired it himself a few times. But he’s at the point where he needs to hand it off to a professional. It’ll cost at least $100 for the consult/initial repair. I’m finding myself wondering if it’s worth it to pay to repair it when it seems like I have myself a dud. That $100 could already get me a good portion of the way to a new stand mixer. So what do y’all recommend? Those of you who use mixers other than Kitchenaid, what do you use and what do you love/hate about it? Any diehard Kitchenaid fans that think I should stick it out? Assistant: i bought a bosch a few weeks ago and i love it so far! it's seriously a beast. i sell sugar cookies and that's the only thing i've used it for, though, so i can't attest to how it works for other bakes. my kitchenaid artisan STRUGGLED to make a double batch of sugar cookie dough, whereas the bosch makes a quadruple batch like it's nothing. it's seriously almost magical to watch. i'll have to make a cake or something in the bosch soon and test it out!	0.756185
Human: What are some of the more absurd journal article titles you're come across? Having recently come across "The hitchhikers guide to flow chemistry" and "Will Any Crap We Put into Graphene Increase Its Electrocatalytic Effect?" journal articles, I was quite amused by them. What are some other articles that you've come across that have weird/absurd/funny titles? Also, what did it make you think of the authors who wrote them? Assistant: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1465-5922.1996.00165.x You are welcome...	Human: What are some of the more absurd journal article titles you're come across? Having recently come across "The hitchhikers guide to flow chemistry" and "Will Any Crap We Put into Graphene Increase Its Electrocatalytic Effect?" journal articles, I was quite amused by them. What are some other articles that you've come across that have weird/absurd/funny titles? Also, what did it make you think of the authors who wrote them? Assistant: I Just Ran Two Million Regressions	0.499889
Human: Do you find that many people in academia have "tunnel vision" where they are excessively preoccupied with their field of study and that critical thinking doesn't transfer to other domains? It would appear at first glance that the skills of reading a technical paper and logically critiquing it would generalize to thinking rationally in other areas of life as well. However, I've increasingly seen that many professors are often able to be brilliant in their own field, while having silly opinions in real life, apparently without experiencing much cognitive dissonance (of course, this is a generalization...). The kinds of arguments that they advance for their opinions in real life would get them laughed out of the park if they were applied to their own field of scientific inquiry. I have a strong suspicion that academia self-selects for those people who are highly intelligent but have "tunnel vision" in the sense of having singular interests (or very narrow interests) and are rather conformist in their beliefs otherwise. Is it just me? What has been your experience? Have you felt the same way? (For my background: I'm a STEM masters student, and this came up quite often in a group consisting of masters and PhD students.) Assistant: Judging from: * my one colleague insisting that artificial sweeteners "give you cancer" * my colleagues that ignore decades of evidence-based educational knowledge in the design of their courses * my colleagues utterly incapable of seeing the relative merits of methodological approaches from other domains I'd say... yeah.	Human: Do you find that many people in academia have "tunnel vision" where they are excessively preoccupied with their field of study and that critical thinking doesn't transfer to other domains? It would appear at first glance that the skills of reading a technical paper and logically critiquing it would generalize to thinking rationally in other areas of life as well. However, I've increasingly seen that many professors are often able to be brilliant in their own field, while having silly opinions in real life, apparently without experiencing much cognitive dissonance (of course, this is a generalization...). The kinds of arguments that they advance for their opinions in real life would get them laughed out of the park if they were applied to their own field of scientific inquiry. I have a strong suspicion that academia self-selects for those people who are highly intelligent but have "tunnel vision" in the sense of having singular interests (or very narrow interests) and are rather conformist in their beliefs otherwise. Is it just me? What has been your experience? Have you felt the same way? (For my background: I'm a STEM masters student, and this came up quite often in a group consisting of masters and PhD students.) Assistant: There is a discussion of this topic in the book Why People Believe Weird Things by Michael Shermer. He argued that smart people believe weird things because they are good at defending their beliefs that they came to for not-smart reasons. He defines a "weird thing" as anything not supportable by scientific evidence: young-Earth creationism, Holocaust denial, alien abductions, Bigfoot, psychics, etc.	0.462223
Human: CMV: Legislative bodies should be required to explain, in formal writing, why they voted a certain way when it comes to legislation. I think publicly elected officials responsible for driving policy and legislation should be required to explain why they vote certain ways in writing. Voting along party lines is reprehensible regardless of the side. Politics shouldn't be a game about which side wins, but rather which fact-based opinions win regardless of sides. If the legislative bodies have no reasonable explanation for why they voted a certain way besides voting along party lines, they should not be allowed to vote because we have no reason to believe that they're not voting out of self-interest. If, for example, someone in Congress voted against what seems to be reasonable gun law without explanation, but you can see in their financial disclosure that the NRA contributes a lot of money and support for them, how are we to know that their vote was not influenced by the NRA without them explicitly citing so and explaining what other reason compelled them not to vote for said reasonable legislation? I'm not even asking for a long written response from them. A short paragraph or page summary with sources they're using to base their vote on is good enough. Assistant: Not formal writing they should write down in 2 sentences why they voted that way so the average voter will take the time to read or some will write such confusing shit no one takes time to actually look or someone news station will and take shit out of context in the 2-3 sentences the average person will stop at.	Human: CMV: Legislative bodies should be required to explain, in formal writing, why they voted a certain way when it comes to legislation. I think publicly elected officials responsible for driving policy and legislation should be required to explain why they vote certain ways in writing. Voting along party lines is reprehensible regardless of the side. Politics shouldn't be a game about which side wins, but rather which fact-based opinions win regardless of sides. If the legislative bodies have no reasonable explanation for why they voted a certain way besides voting along party lines, they should not be allowed to vote because we have no reason to believe that they're not voting out of self-interest. If, for example, someone in Congress voted against what seems to be reasonable gun law without explanation, but you can see in their financial disclosure that the NRA contributes a lot of money and support for them, how are we to know that their vote was not influenced by the NRA without them explicitly citing so and explaining what other reason compelled them not to vote for said reasonable legislation? I'm not even asking for a long written response from them. A short paragraph or page summary with sources they're using to base their vote on is good enough. Assistant: They would just ask the NRA for the reason they need to give. Any lobby group would then have this as part of the cost of buying a vote. And they would be able to give a reasonable explaination for the politician.	0.754792
Human: Explain like I'm five years old: why does it feel like the room is spinning when drunk How come whenever we lay down and close our eyes when intoxicated that it feels like we are spinning and not really when our eyes are open Assistant: Although not an explanation,but a tip to help is one of the things I do when I want to lay down and not be as dizzy when intoxicated is put one foot flat on the ground.	Human: Explain like I'm five years old: why does it feel like the room is spinning when drunk How come whenever we lay down and close our eyes when intoxicated that it feels like we are spinning and not really when our eyes are open Assistant: Does anyone else sometimes get that 'room spinning' feeling when you lie down? No drink involved, just sometimes when I try to sleep it feels like the room is spinning	0.364445
Human: Explain like I'm five years old: Why do blockbuster movies like Avatar and End Game have there success measured in terms of money made instead of tickets sold, wouldn’t that make it easier to compare to older movies without accounting for today’s dollar vs a dollar 30 years ago? Assistant: Because a movie has yet to beat the classic Gone with the Wind adjusted for inflation, and a headline that a movie is the 17th highest grossing film adjusted for inflation is not sexy at all. https://www.boxofficemojo.com/alltime/adjusted.htm	Human: Explain like I'm five years old: Why do blockbuster movies like Avatar and End Game have there success measured in terms of money made instead of tickets sold, wouldn’t that make it easier to compare to older movies without accounting for today’s dollar vs a dollar 30 years ago? Assistant: OP also forgot to take into account that the population also increases. So if anything, thicket sales should be measured by percentage of pop that see the film, or percentage of movie goers	0.708091
Human: How much does culinary school really teach you? I would appreciate some honest answers. I am an advanced food enthusiast. My goal is to just be a very skilled and creative cook. I do not ever want to be a restaurant chef I want to make fantastic food and innovative sauces for myself and my family. I sell food baskets (apple butter, spiced, candied nuts, zesty chickpeas, pestos, chutneys etc.) during the holidays through a personal website. I have a PhD in genetic engineering and I work as a scientist. I have taught myself knife skills, classic sauces, pasta making from scratch, butchering, filleting, basic sausage making, bread baking (several kinds) already. I want to know if going to culinary school is the right path to hone my skills or will it not really be worth it for my cooking goals? Thanks in advance. Assistant: What did i learn? Chefs are assholes, people who put plating and technique over flavour are shitty cooks Chefs who treat a chef jacket like dress clothes instead of utility work wear and are never seen without a touque blanche on their head are the ones who are extremely out of touch with the realities of the industry.	Human: How much does culinary school really teach you? I would appreciate some honest answers. I am an advanced food enthusiast. My goal is to just be a very skilled and creative cook. I do not ever want to be a restaurant chef I want to make fantastic food and innovative sauces for myself and my family. I sell food baskets (apple butter, spiced, candied nuts, zesty chickpeas, pestos, chutneys etc.) during the holidays through a personal website. I have a PhD in genetic engineering and I work as a scientist. I have taught myself knife skills, classic sauces, pasta making from scratch, butchering, filleting, basic sausage making, bread baking (several kinds) already. I want to know if going to culinary school is the right path to hone my skills or will it not really be worth it for my cooking goals? Thanks in advance. Assistant: you know skience, can read, and have a palate. the best education for you will probably be eating around and reading up. try staging in a couple good CLEAN kitchens to improve your speed and organization... but being honest with yourself in terms of flavor is the best way. that, and repetition.	0.67925
Human: What happened to the robot craze of the 2000s? For those old enough to remember(and saying this about the 2000s makes me feel really old), there was tremendous excitement surrounding robotics during that period, much like AI today. Especially this thing was literally seen as the next step of advancement in humanity, and a lot of people were speculating that in 10-15 years of time(which is today), robotics would advance to a point where things like waiters would be made redundant, all facets of daily life and anything that requires physical input would be robotified and so on. Thoughts like this culminated in popsci movies like "I, Robot" and games like Crysis. Yet some time after that, it lost all it's hype and we don't hear much about robots nowadays(except Boston Dynamics) and our waiters, garbage collectors, nurses, plumbers or electricians are nowhere to go, soldiers don't wear exoskeletons or fight side-by-side with android combat robots either. Why did the development stall? What happened? Assistant: The trend of "technology that makes lives easier" switched to more internet based as the internet and cell phone technology/availability took off like crazy in late-2000s. Not long after that everything started integrating IOT and that was the new 'hot thing' for a while. >soldiers don't wear exoskeletons or fight side-by-side with android combat robots either. Everything in war is drones now. Hell half of the combat footage subreddit is just Russians dying to drones.	Human: What happened to the robot craze of the 2000s? For those old enough to remember(and saying this about the 2000s makes me feel really old), there was tremendous excitement surrounding robotics during that period, much like AI today. Especially this thing was literally seen as the next step of advancement in humanity, and a lot of people were speculating that in 10-15 years of time(which is today), robotics would advance to a point where things like waiters would be made redundant, all facets of daily life and anything that requires physical input would be robotified and so on. Thoughts like this culminated in popsci movies like "I, Robot" and games like Crysis. Yet some time after that, it lost all it's hype and we don't hear much about robots nowadays(except Boston Dynamics) and our waiters, garbage collectors, nurses, plumbers or electricians are nowhere to go, soldiers don't wear exoskeletons or fight side-by-side with android combat robots either. Why did the development stall? What happened? Assistant: There is still significant interest in the field for space exploration and defence. The most recent developments, if legit, are pretty creepy. I think there are still a lot of teams researching & developing robots, it's just not as well publicised anymore.	0.692378
Human: Why do archaic fasteners persist? Slot head (blade) screws are dangerous and archaic, but still get used in new products, Phillips (x shape) limit applyable torque and are prone to damage, rendering whatever they are used in unrepairable. With the better options avaliable, Robertson (square) Hex, or Torx why to engineers and designers still allow the others to persist? Assistant: I have said it before, and will say it again. If I were king every slot head screw would be sunk to the bottom of the ocean.	Human: Why do archaic fasteners persist? Slot head (blade) screws are dangerous and archaic, but still get used in new products, Phillips (x shape) limit applyable torque and are prone to damage, rendering whatever they are used in unrepairable. With the better options avaliable, Robertson (square) Hex, or Torx why to engineers and designers still allow the others to persist? Assistant: Cost. Cost. Cost.	0.357615
Human: Are there any examples of species that have gone extinct and then much later come back into existence via a totally different evolutionary route? If humans went extinct, could we come back in a billion years in our exact current form? Assistant: The same species? No, by definition. Similar-looking species might arise but they will be genetically distinct. Traits? Yes - insects and birds both evolved the ability to fly with wings independently. Look into convergent evolution. Reddit's favourite bit of trivia is that things have evolved to be crab-shaped multiple different times ("carcinization").	Human: Are there any examples of species that have gone extinct and then much later come back into existence via a totally different evolutionary route? If humans went extinct, could we come back in a billion years in our exact current form? Assistant: The closest thing to this would be crab carcinisation. Basically throughout the eons crabs or crab like beings have evolved separately a few times from different lineages. If you want more background here ya go! https://www.popsci.com/story/animals/why-everything-becomes-crab-meme-carcinization/?amp	0.652623
Human: [DC] Why does Catwoman take her cat theme so seriously? With Batman, it makes sense: Bats are scary, he lives in a batcave, bats hold a personal attachment for him. But aside from an asthetic prefreince, that's where it ends. He dosen't have a bunch of pet bats (not counting the ones that live in the cave or the ones he uses offensivly: Those are wild animals.) He dosen't drink blood (excluding non canon stories/alternate universes where he's a vampire) he dosen't sleep upside down. He uses a plane to fly. And if criminals think he's a literal Batman? Well, so be it. Easier to scare. But Catwoman is a whole different level. While Batman's outfit is mearly bat themed, Catwoman, in many incarnations, is litterally dressed like a cat complete with a tail and whiskers. She drinks milk fairly often, she purrs, she has "claws" and she usually has a dozen or so pet cats at a time. Why? What does this add? Why not just be a normal, inconspicious thief? Is...is she a furry? Assistant: She's a cat-burglar who uses her "earnings" to support cat rescue and big-cat preservation. Makes sense to me. Is the costume and gimmick a little over the top? Sure, but this is Gotham City we're talking about.	Human: [DC] Why does Catwoman take her cat theme so seriously? With Batman, it makes sense: Bats are scary, he lives in a batcave, bats hold a personal attachment for him. But aside from an asthetic prefreince, that's where it ends. He dosen't have a bunch of pet bats (not counting the ones that live in the cave or the ones he uses offensivly: Those are wild animals.) He dosen't drink blood (excluding non canon stories/alternate universes where he's a vampire) he dosen't sleep upside down. He uses a plane to fly. And if criminals think he's a literal Batman? Well, so be it. Easier to scare. But Catwoman is a whole different level. While Batman's outfit is mearly bat themed, Catwoman, in many incarnations, is litterally dressed like a cat complete with a tail and whiskers. She drinks milk fairly often, she purrs, she has "claws" and she usually has a dozen or so pet cats at a time. Why? What does this add? Why not just be a normal, inconspicious thief? Is...is she a furry? Assistant: > He dosen't drink blood Most bats don't drink blood. There are over 1400 classified species of bats (20% of all mammal species). *THREE* of those are vampire bats. Not three hundred. Not three percent. Just three.	0.633276
Human: How do I make good, homemade ice cream without using so much heavy cream? Not sure if this is the right sub, but seemed more align than r/cooking. I’ve made several ice cream recipes now, with an ice cream maker and without, with eggs and without, but all of the recipes seems to have a ton of heavy cream in common. The ice cream turns out delicious, but ultra heavy to where the cream coats my spoon and makes it so I can only eat a tiny amount at a time. How do I get that store-bought ice cream texture without using so much heavy cream or eggs? Do I use a thickener instead? Assistant: Gelato is made with less cream. Try some of those recipes	Human: How do I make good, homemade ice cream without using so much heavy cream? Not sure if this is the right sub, but seemed more align than r/cooking. I’ve made several ice cream recipes now, with an ice cream maker and without, with eggs and without, but all of the recipes seems to have a ton of heavy cream in common. The ice cream turns out delicious, but ultra heavy to where the cream coats my spoon and makes it so I can only eat a tiny amount at a time. How do I get that store-bought ice cream texture without using so much heavy cream or eggs? Do I use a thickener instead? Assistant: I have the book Hello My Name is Ice Cream by Dana Cree and she has a bunch of tricks for getting that perfect texture! Also, the Jeni’s cookbook recipes use cream cheese in addition to other ingredients.	0.753127
Human: CMV: It is completely contradictory to say that abortion isn't murder, but at the same time call it murder if a person terminates someone else's fetus. I'm not sure about the rest of the world or even every state, but in many states, including California, killing a fetus is considered murder. For example punching a pregnant woman to intentionally make her miscarry/kill her fetus will be charged as a 187. I think that it is completely contradictory to say on the one hand that a woman can get an abortion because a fetus isn't a living being yet, and then to say that it's murder if someone else kills a fetus. Just for the record, I am pro-choice and anti-fetus-killing. I still think killing a fetus is a terrible deed, and I acknowledge that it should be punished. I just think that in either scenario the baby should be either considered alive or not alive, and that either way if nothing is done there will almost certainly be another living being born. In both cases a person makes a conscious decision to stop the baby from being born. In one case we as a society say it is okay (obviously not a good thing or something to celebrate, but still allowable) and in the other it is murder. I realize that in these scenarios the situation for the pregnant woman and the murderer are not the same. The woman may make the choice because she is not capable of raising the child, or because of health complications that could result from the pregnancy, etc. I'm not saying that I think abortion is murder. But hypothetically a mother could be in a situation where she would probably bring her baby into a terrible life, but if someone forcibly aborted that baby that would still be considered murder. On the other hand a multi-millionaire in an amazing relationship with a perfect home life who would make an amazing mother could decide to abort her baby. So arguments that it's what's best for the child etc. don't seem to remedy the contradiction. The main reason I've seen for why it is okay to kill the fetus is that it isn't a living being yet. Other reasons such as a woman's right to autonomy are all good reasons for why a woman should have the right to choose, but are secondary. If someone thinks that a fetus is alive in the way that a one year old is alive then those arguments fall flat. Therefore, the fetus should either be considered alive (and thus abortion is murder), or not alive (and thus terminating it isn't murder, though still some other evil act). CMV. _____ > Hello, users of CMV! This is a footnote from your moderators. We'd just like to remind you of a couple of things. Firstly, please remember to *read through our rules. If you see a comment that has broken one, it is more effective to report it than just downvote it. Speaking of which,* *downvotes don't change views*! If you are thinking about submitting a CMV yourself, please have a look through our *popular topics wiki* first. Any questions or concerns? Feel free to *message us. Happy CMVing!* Assistant: A mother bear might kill her own child under certain circumstances, but you better not try to do the same thing, or she'll be *very* angry. Contradictory? Well no, not really, it's just the way things work for bears. Control over one's reproduction is one of the most important things for female bears... and humans. Humans obviously have a few different rules, but it's not soo different.	Human: CMV: It is completely contradictory to say that abortion isn't murder, but at the same time call it murder if a person terminates someone else's fetus. I'm not sure about the rest of the world or even every state, but in many states, including California, killing a fetus is considered murder. For example punching a pregnant woman to intentionally make her miscarry/kill her fetus will be charged as a 187. I think that it is completely contradictory to say on the one hand that a woman can get an abortion because a fetus isn't a living being yet, and then to say that it's murder if someone else kills a fetus. Just for the record, I am pro-choice and anti-fetus-killing. I still think killing a fetus is a terrible deed, and I acknowledge that it should be punished. I just think that in either scenario the baby should be either considered alive or not alive, and that either way if nothing is done there will almost certainly be another living being born. In both cases a person makes a conscious decision to stop the baby from being born. In one case we as a society say it is okay (obviously not a good thing or something to celebrate, but still allowable) and in the other it is murder. I realize that in these scenarios the situation for the pregnant woman and the murderer are not the same. The woman may make the choice because she is not capable of raising the child, or because of health complications that could result from the pregnancy, etc. I'm not saying that I think abortion is murder. But hypothetically a mother could be in a situation where she would probably bring her baby into a terrible life, but if someone forcibly aborted that baby that would still be considered murder. On the other hand a multi-millionaire in an amazing relationship with a perfect home life who would make an amazing mother could decide to abort her baby. So arguments that it's what's best for the child etc. don't seem to remedy the contradiction. The main reason I've seen for why it is okay to kill the fetus is that it isn't a living being yet. Other reasons such as a woman's right to autonomy are all good reasons for why a woman should have the right to choose, but are secondary. If someone thinks that a fetus is alive in the way that a one year old is alive then those arguments fall flat. Therefore, the fetus should either be considered alive (and thus abortion is murder), or not alive (and thus terminating it isn't murder, though still some other evil act). CMV. _____ > Hello, users of CMV! This is a footnote from your moderators. We'd just like to remind you of a couple of things. Firstly, please remember to *read through our rules. If you see a comment that has broken one, it is more effective to report it than just downvote it. Speaking of which,* *downvotes don't change views*! If you are thinking about submitting a CMV yourself, please have a look through our *popular topics wiki* first. Any questions or concerns? Feel free to *message us. Happy CMVing!* Assistant: Abortion could be considered murder but when the mother kills it is a form of self defense because the fetus endangers the mother's health and life, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maternal_death Other people do not have a reason to kill a fetus because it is not a danger to them.	0.753022
Human: What are some philosophy books that say something unique or not commonly said? I've been reading philosophy books for many years and I've become quite bored with the field. It's hard to read a 600 page book breaking down a topic where you already know all the positions. You aren't really learning something you never thought of you're just learning to better understand the same things you already know. Assistant: Fichte, Schelling, and Hegel are guaranteed to not be putting forth any positions you have ever encountered whether you're into Analytic or Continental. If you find these boring, you're far overestimating how much you understand.	Human: What are some philosophy books that say something unique or not commonly said? I've been reading philosophy books for many years and I've become quite bored with the field. It's hard to read a 600 page book breaking down a topic where you already know all the positions. You aren't really learning something you never thought of you're just learning to better understand the same things you already know. Assistant: Agamben - Homo sacer And if you don't mind, I'd suggest some texts that go beyond strict philosophy departments: Byung-Chul Han - Saving Beauty Blanchot - Literature and the right to death Barthes - The Pleasure of the Text ...	0.748872
Human: Cooking/browning both sides of something (pancakes, eggplant, etc.), the first side is always evenly golden, the second side is almost burned in spots and uncooked in others. Why? This is without changing the temperature, or adding more fat. I have experienced this on different stoves, gas and electric, stainless steel and cast iron pans, butter and oil. What gives? Thanks. Assistant: For pancakes and other batters the first side is also the flattest it will ever be during the cooking process. As it heats bubbles will form on the other side and create an uneven surface for browning. In other cases moisture can be the culprit, I always keep a towel handy to dry the other side before flipping something so it doesn't steam instead of brown.	Human: Cooking/browning both sides of something (pancakes, eggplant, etc.), the first side is always evenly golden, the second side is almost burned in spots and uncooked in others. Why? This is without changing the temperature, or adding more fat. I have experienced this on different stoves, gas and electric, stainless steel and cast iron pans, butter and oil. What gives? Thanks. Assistant: As you cook something starchy like a pancake or an eggplant, it can soak up a lot of the fat, so on the second side you're getting poor contact. Or your pan is actually getting continually hotter as you cook, and when you flip to the second side the heat is high enough that it's burning the spots of greatest contact. Given you had this with something as floppy as pancakes (which are flat and don't need a lot of fat for contact area), it sounds like a heat control issue.	0.752283
Human: Explain like I'm five years old: Why do Venus Flytraps Die in Good or Fertilised Soil? I understand their normal conditions are in poor soil, which is why the flytrap, but why would good soil outright kill them instead of them ignoring it or maybe just doing slightly better? Assistant: The same reason you would die from too much vitamin A ingestion. They evolved in poor nutrient soil in Virginia marshlands and evolved to supplement this w catching insects. If you get too much of a good thing it is as bad as a lack of it. All life is on a J or U shaped curve and needs to hit whatever niche it evolved to hit or deleterious things happen to the organism.	Human: Explain like I'm five years old: Why do Venus Flytraps Die in Good or Fertilised Soil? I understand their normal conditions are in poor soil, which is why the flytrap, but why would good soil outright kill them instead of them ignoring it or maybe just doing slightly better? Assistant: It's not about "good soil" or "bad soil". It's about "Does this soil have the correct chemical composition for this plant to survive and thrive"? Some soil that we would typical describe as "bad" just happens to have the right nutrients and chemicals (and in the right amounts) to support a Venus Flytrap. Most soil we would describe as "good" simply does not.	0.751714
Human: [Batman] Does the Good Side of Two-Face ever miss Bruce Wayne? A bit of a foolish question, I know. Recently I've started rewatching Batman: The Animated Series which I adored as a kid. I never really realized how much of Season One was spent with Harvey Dent just being a friend of Bruce Wayne rather than being Two-Face. Now in this version of the story anyhow, 'Big Bad Harv' is a separate personality which represents all of Dent's repressed anger which occasionally takes over. Now I know there is a fun debate over how Batman is Bruce's true personality and Bruce is just his mask, and Two-Face seems shockingly similar at times when he's not literally half and half, which half being decided on a coin flip. But it seems that, in some lore anyway, Wayne and Dent were actually pretty good friends! So is there every a time in any of the comics or series where we see Two-Face reminiscing on his friendship with Wayne? Wayne visiting Two-Face and briefly getting through to them? Two-Face missing the good ole days? Assistant: In Batman Forever, Two-Face's final lines to Batman seem to have some genuine feeling to it. "Yes of course, you're right, Bruce. Emotion's always the enemy of true justice. Thank you. You've always been a good friend."	Human: [Batman] Does the Good Side of Two-Face ever miss Bruce Wayne? A bit of a foolish question, I know. Recently I've started rewatching Batman: The Animated Series which I adored as a kid. I never really realized how much of Season One was spent with Harvey Dent just being a friend of Bruce Wayne rather than being Two-Face. Now in this version of the story anyhow, 'Big Bad Harv' is a separate personality which represents all of Dent's repressed anger which occasionally takes over. Now I know there is a fun debate over how Batman is Bruce's true personality and Bruce is just his mask, and Two-Face seems shockingly similar at times when he's not literally half and half, which half being decided on a coin flip. But it seems that, in some lore anyway, Wayne and Dent were actually pretty good friends! So is there every a time in any of the comics or series where we see Two-Face reminiscing on his friendship with Wayne? Wayne visiting Two-Face and briefly getting through to them? Two-Face missing the good ole days? Assistant: There's a scene in the animated series where Harvey has been arrested and Bruce drops by as he's being taken into Arkham and Harvey says something along the lines of "good old Bruce, you've never given up on me". So I assume they remained friends and Bruce visits him pretty regularly.	0.446057
Human: I've adopted my sister's daughter. My parents are suing to exercise grandparent rights. My situation is complicated but I will do my best to explain. If it's confusing or you have any questions let me know please. My sister is a drug addict (opioids). Last year she had a baby. The baby was born addicted as well and went through withdrawal. The state (Arizona) stepped in and terminated her parental rights. Separately from her drug use and daughter's birth, she was arrested for crimes not related to drugs or her daughter. The two were not related. When the state stepped in and removed her rights, my sister was in jail awaiting trial. Our parents tried to get custody of my niece but they were denied. The state had too many concerns about their enabling of her addiction and her crimes. Several years ago they were both charged at separate times for being accessories to things she did. The authorities in Arizona contacted me to see if I was able and interested. I was allowed to adopt my niece by the state of Arizona and bring her home with me (to Colorado). My parents have applied in court here in my state to exercise their grandparent rights for visitation to my niece. My sister is in jail until 2042 at the earliest so she isn't involved in this. But my parents want visitation. I'm at a loss. Can I show the court here that they were deemed unfit by the authorities in Arizona after they applied for custody, and then later visitation when my niece was first born? I have all the paperwork and proof of it. Do I need a lawyer or can I do this without one? Money is tight since an unexpected baby is expensive. Thank you. I appreciate anyone who replies even if it is to tell me I'm wrong and need a lawyer. Assistant: They probably don't have a good case, but you should at least consult with a lawyer before deciding whether you can do this without one.	Human: I've adopted my sister's daughter. My parents are suing to exercise grandparent rights. My situation is complicated but I will do my best to explain. If it's confusing or you have any questions let me know please. My sister is a drug addict (opioids). Last year she had a baby. The baby was born addicted as well and went through withdrawal. The state (Arizona) stepped in and terminated her parental rights. Separately from her drug use and daughter's birth, she was arrested for crimes not related to drugs or her daughter. The two were not related. When the state stepped in and removed her rights, my sister was in jail awaiting trial. Our parents tried to get custody of my niece but they were denied. The state had too many concerns about their enabling of her addiction and her crimes. Several years ago they were both charged at separate times for being accessories to things she did. The authorities in Arizona contacted me to see if I was able and interested. I was allowed to adopt my niece by the state of Arizona and bring her home with me (to Colorado). My parents have applied in court here in my state to exercise their grandparent rights for visitation to my niece. My sister is in jail until 2042 at the earliest so she isn't involved in this. But my parents want visitation. I'm at a loss. Can I show the court here that they were deemed unfit by the authorities in Arizona after they applied for custody, and then later visitation when my niece was first born? I have all the paperwork and proof of it. Do I need a lawyer or can I do this without one? Money is tight since an unexpected baby is expensive. Thank you. I appreciate anyone who replies even if it is to tell me I'm wrong and need a lawyer. Assistant: You really want to have a lawyer. It sounds like you should prevail, but having court-mandated visitation with people you are estranged with is a nightmare. A lawyer will be able to keep you from losing due to some simple mistake.	0.748733
Human: Philosophy and Violence, reading list? Hey everyone, I hope you're all doing well! I'm currently trying to scrape together a project concerning the topic of violence, and I was interested if you guys have any key suggestions that I should explore on the topic. Below is a list of authors I've already got covered, but at this point, I'm trying to read as much as possible on the topic, so anything helps! For now, i'm leaning towards the benefits of a violent response. Something along the lines of Fanon / Mandela, but it's too early to tell if i'm going to stick with this or not. I might make a second post at a later point, narrowing down my interest, but that's a future concern. Also, extra love if anyone knows any readers or guides on the topic which they would recommend! Authors and books I've already got covered; - Fanon - "black skin white mask" + "watched of the earth" - Arendt - "On Violence* - Jürgen Habermas and Jacques Derrida "Philosophy in a Time of Terror" - Jacques Derrida "Admiration of Nelson Mandela, or The Laws of Reflection" Thank you!! Assistant: Martin Luther King, Jr.'s, "Pilgrimage to Non-Violence" and "Letter from Birmingham Jail". Malcom X's, "Message to the Grassroots", "The Ballot or the Bullet", and "The Black Revolution." Stokely Carmichael, "The Pitfalls of Liberalism." You might also consider some of King's later responses to people like Malcom and the Panthers in his "The Other America," "Where Do We Go From Here?", and "Black Power".	Human: Philosophy and Violence, reading list? Hey everyone, I hope you're all doing well! I'm currently trying to scrape together a project concerning the topic of violence, and I was interested if you guys have any key suggestions that I should explore on the topic. Below is a list of authors I've already got covered, but at this point, I'm trying to read as much as possible on the topic, so anything helps! For now, i'm leaning towards the benefits of a violent response. Something along the lines of Fanon / Mandela, but it's too early to tell if i'm going to stick with this or not. I might make a second post at a later point, narrowing down my interest, but that's a future concern. Also, extra love if anyone knows any readers or guides on the topic which they would recommend! Authors and books I've already got covered; - Fanon - "black skin white mask" + "watched of the earth" - Arendt - "On Violence* - Jürgen Habermas and Jacques Derrida "Philosophy in a Time of Terror" - Jacques Derrida "Admiration of Nelson Mandela, or The Laws of Reflection" Thank you!! Assistant: Judith Butler's got a new one out, The Force of Nonviolence. Also, Peter Gelderloos's How Nonviolence Protects the State, and Ward Churchill's Pacifism as Pathology.	0.654887
Human: Is it correct that "doing masters in engineering may not be so useful but not doing it will be quite harmful"? I heard that from an engineer where I currently do my intenship. He said that his master's program was not that useful but he had a big difference in salary and reputation at work? What do you think about that? How important having master's degree for non-academic engineers? Assistant: Where I work, a MS will get you a possible tiny increase in your starting salary. The company will pay 100% of your tuition for a MS but doesn't "reward" you for having one.	Human: Is it correct that "doing masters in engineering may not be so useful but not doing it will be quite harmful"? I heard that from an engineer where I currently do my intenship. He said that his master's program was not that useful but he had a big difference in salary and reputation at work? What do you think about that? How important having master's degree for non-academic engineers? Assistant: Very much depends on your field. For example, top structural engineering firms won't consider recent graduates that don't have a Master's degree.	0.750122
Human: You have $100,000 to fit out your team's office. What are you buying? Let's say from the ground up, but excluding equipment like PC's. My first thing would be adjustable height desks for sitting or standing. Assistant: I’d build a basketball court, but have the rims be 9 1/2 feet so I can dunk. That way when I mess up on a project I can just run to the court, throw down real quick, blow their minds and be on their good side again.	Human: You have $100,000 to fit out your team's office. What are you buying? Let's say from the ground up, but excluding equipment like PC's. My first thing would be adjustable height desks for sitting or standing. Assistant: I would make ot a big collaboration space, so the default would be work from home and the space is designed solely around physical meetings. Big whiteboards, projectors, couches, workbenches, testing area	0.675096
Human: Cousin got an STD and a girl she knew from high school somehow got access to her medical papers (showing that she had an STD) and spread them all over snapchat as if it was "gossip". Is this a violation of HIPAA? Both my cousin and the girl are over the age of 18, state is Illinois. Advice? Assistant: Yes, this is %100 a HIPAA violation. Not that it really matters, but did she actually take pictures of the medical records themselves? If so, there could be other sensitive material on there. Edit: even if she didn’t work at the clinic, it would still be the clinic’s responsibility for that information getting out.	Human: Cousin got an STD and a girl she knew from high school somehow got access to her medical papers (showing that she had an STD) and spread them all over snapchat as if it was "gossip". Is this a violation of HIPAA? Both my cousin and the girl are over the age of 18, state is Illinois. Advice? Assistant: So if her dad told her about it, he broke HIPAA, she didn’t.	0.456162
Human: [STAR TREK] Is earth really a Utopia where money doesnt matter, if so why do we see so many people doing dead end jobs? From my understanding Earth is described as a Utopian society where anyone is free to peruse any goal they like and money isnt an issue. If this is true why do we see people waiting tables at cafes or serving drinks in bars or picking grapes for Picard on his vineyard in sweltering heat. Is that really what they want to be doing with their lives? Assistant: Some people just get bored sitting around all day so it's nice to do a couple hours at a coffee shop to socialize. Also there is likely pretty heavy societal pressure to do something but sit in t eh holodeck all day.	Human: [STAR TREK] Is earth really a Utopia where money doesnt matter, if so why do we see so many people doing dead end jobs? From my understanding Earth is described as a Utopian society where anyone is free to peruse any goal they like and money isnt an issue. If this is true why do we see people waiting tables at cafes or serving drinks in bars or picking grapes for Picard on his vineyard in sweltering heat. Is that really what they want to be doing with their lives? Assistant: Because to live your dream pursuit you still need to spend time developing skills. To run your own vineyard you have to start out as a lowly Red Apron and avoid getting killed by some sort of grape-flavored energy being.	0.748734
Human: Change my view thatI believe governments should supply both basic income AND compulsory work for the unemployed Now, I understand that compulsory work for the unemployed would take away our freedoms. Similarly, that basic income can lead to some people leeching off the system remaining unemployed, but would lead to a decrease or even an end to poverty. But to prevent such adverse effects of both, we should implement basic income to eliminate poverty and allow those that take that income to work, or risk losing it (the income). Jobs such as: infrastructure work, bureaucratic work (for those adequately qualified), or another base requirement having job, would be supplied to the aforementioned people who would need this, or apply for this income. Otherwise we would cut down the rest of welfare to people who would not work under these conditions. _____ > Hello, users of CMV! This is a footnote from your moderators. We'd just like to remind you of a couple of things. Firstly, please remember to *read through our rules. If you see a comment that has broken one, it is more effective to report it than downvote it. Speaking of which,* *downvotes don't change views*! If you are thinking about submitting a CMV yourself, please have a look through our *popular topics wiki* first. Any questions or concerns? Feel free to *message us. Happy CMVing!* Assistant: Compulsory work is slavery. Edit: Also the reason we need basic income is because unskilled and entry level skilled jobs are being replaced by automation. The jobs you would use for your slave labor would not exist.	Human: Change my view thatI believe governments should supply both basic income AND compulsory work for the unemployed Now, I understand that compulsory work for the unemployed would take away our freedoms. Similarly, that basic income can lead to some people leeching off the system remaining unemployed, but would lead to a decrease or even an end to poverty. But to prevent such adverse effects of both, we should implement basic income to eliminate poverty and allow those that take that income to work, or risk losing it (the income). Jobs such as: infrastructure work, bureaucratic work (for those adequately qualified), or another base requirement having job, would be supplied to the aforementioned people who would need this, or apply for this income. Otherwise we would cut down the rest of welfare to people who would not work under these conditions. _____ > Hello, users of CMV! This is a footnote from your moderators. We'd just like to remind you of a couple of things. Firstly, please remember to *read through our rules. If you see a comment that has broken one, it is more effective to report it than downvote it. Speaking of which,* *downvotes don't change views*! If you are thinking about submitting a CMV yourself, please have a look through our *popular topics wiki* first. Any questions or concerns? Feel free to *message us. Happy CMVing!* Assistant: Isn't this a tax credit for people in certain jobs? You are basically given government funds to people in certain positions. Granted you'll probably do something like phase it out for people making above a certain amount, but isn't this still just a tax credit and not really basic income?	0.748256
Human: Explain like I'm five years old: If millions of tires have been worn down on the roads then where does all that worn off rubber go? Assistant: Lots of it floats in the air and it is breathed in, the rest settles on the ground where it gets moved around by rainfall and mixes into the soil or washes into streams, rivers, lakes, and the ocean.	Human: Explain like I'm five years old: If millions of tires have been worn down on the roads then where does all that worn off rubber go? Assistant: Airborne, stuck on the asphalt and in waterways. And it is pretty toxic material for us and other alive things.	0.732222
Human: [Star Wars] Assuming through whatever means, Anakin and Mace bring Palpatine in for trial. Did Palps have a plan in case this happened, would he still have access to the clone orders, was there enough proof? This is best case scenario for the Jedi. Was there ever any mention on if Palps had plans or contingencies placed? Assistant: Standard corruption. You don’t get to be Supreme Overlord without controlling the court system. Plus he’s an evil space wizard. All sorts of wizardry to account for.	Human: [Star Wars] Assuming through whatever means, Anakin and Mace bring Palpatine in for trial. Did Palps have a plan in case this happened, would he still have access to the clone orders, was there enough proof? This is best case scenario for the Jedi. Was there ever any mention on if Palps had plans or contingencies placed? Assistant: Put him in Trial for what? He has been voted for and is the legimitated chancellor. He also seemed to have high Support in becoming the emperor. Beeing a Sith most properly doesnt Break any Rules. The Clone wars has been started by the trade federation invading his Homeplanet. One might argue he was plotting and influencing the trade federation but thats just politics. Seperating was their own free choice. In the current corrupt state of the republic i dont See how all of These would justify a Trial.	0.10597
Human: [MCU] Hawkeye show canon So this question is more of a general meta question combined with a question about a specific character. My question is are the Marvel Netflix shows canon to the MCU right now. I’m asking specifically because in Hawkeye, Kingpin’s feats of strength are inconsistent with his screen time in Daredevil. In Hawkeye, he ripped a door off it’s hinges, punched Kate Bishop across a room, and walked off getting rammed by a car like it was nothing. In Daredevil, his greatest feat of strength was punching a hole in a brick pillar and even that hurt him. That’s a huge difference. Assistant: According to Vincent D'Onofrio, as far as he's concerned this is the same Kingpin. The Blip, and Ronin's initial rampage, were both extremely disruptive to his operations, leading him to have to become even tougher and more hands-on. Perhaps he was able to get enhancements from the Power Broker.	Human: [MCU] Hawkeye show canon So this question is more of a general meta question combined with a question about a specific character. My question is are the Marvel Netflix shows canon to the MCU right now. I’m asking specifically because in Hawkeye, Kingpin’s feats of strength are inconsistent with his screen time in Daredevil. In Hawkeye, he ripped a door off it’s hinges, punched Kate Bishop across a room, and walked off getting rammed by a car like it was nothing. In Daredevil, his greatest feat of strength was punching a hole in a brick pillar and even that hurt him. That’s a huge difference. Assistant: It’s been years since I watched the first season of daredevil (never really went beyond that) I remember one episode taking about that battle of NYC (1st Avengers Movie, I assumed)… did they have a blip moment	0.747294
Human: How is the environment/humanity not affected by the hundreds (or thousands) of tests of nuclear bombs over the last century? I’m not too clued up on this subject but my guess would be that nuclear bomb tests of any kind would have an extreme effect on the environment. Surely the massive amounts of radiation would begin to effect humanity? Assistant: Actually near the testsites and nuclear production sites people are heavily affected and cancer rates are high - https://www.atomicheritage.org/history/nevada-test-site-downwinders.	Human: How is the environment/humanity not affected by the hundreds (or thousands) of tests of nuclear bombs over the last century? I’m not too clued up on this subject but my guess would be that nuclear bomb tests of any kind would have an extreme effect on the environment. Surely the massive amounts of radiation would begin to effect humanity? Assistant: One interesting consequence of nuclear testing is that for several decades, so-called low-background steel, used in special applications like radiation detectors, had to be harvested from sources such as WW2 shipwrecks and other sunken artifacts, because all other steel (including any new steel made) was/is contaminated with trace amounts of airborne radionuclides from atmospheric nuclear tests!	0.011942
Human: Explain like I'm five years old: Why is there such a big push to colonize Mars when it doesn't appear necessarily more viable than colonizing the deserts of earth? Is it a matter of our atmosphere's sustainability? Or is it the principle of us simply proving our ability to do so for future missions? Assistant: Beyond what people have said, generally a space race or major space milestone brings with it tangential science benefits here at home. Many technologies that we now take for granted first appeared as a result of the Moon landings. So even if it's impractical for people to live on Mars, the science and tech breakthroughs we figure out in doing this very impractical thing will provide very practical things here at home.	Human: Explain like I'm five years old: Why is there such a big push to colonize Mars when it doesn't appear necessarily more viable than colonizing the deserts of earth? Is it a matter of our atmosphere's sustainability? Or is it the principle of us simply proving our ability to do so for future missions? Assistant: Pride, gall, the extend of human drive to procreate and dominate terroritores she does not already posses. It is simple human instinct to go forth and conquer, secure, and lay claim to what is not already ours. The deserts are owned, while they may be usesless in land value, they isolate what is and protects what has not the resources or means to traverse it. Mars is just another challenge our race will rise to face.	0.746897
Human: Explain like I'm five years old: How can someone invent BitCoin and will more keep being "made" if it can all be mined? Doesn't this lead to a dilemma that one day anyone could just print their own money? For reference, I kind of understand a background that it was "made" and that now a single bit coin is worth a lot of "real" money, but if they originated from a person(s), what is stopping other people from deciding to just "make" their own currency? I also don't understand why people with a great computer background cannot just "make" some bitcoin for themselves by copying it? I really don't understand how a new form of money can just be invented and used to pay for things. >\_< Assistant: Bitcoin was designed so that there is a maximum of 21 million bitcoins. After all the bitcoins have been mined, miners will make money off of transaction fees instead of the prize of finding a winning block. You can't "make" bitcoin, there is only one way to make bitcoin and that is to find a winning block, which takes a ton of computing power. A new block is "mined" every 10 minutes approximately, so every 10 minutes somewhere in the world somebody gets the block reward and everyone knows about it.	Human: Explain like I'm five years old: How can someone invent BitCoin and will more keep being "made" if it can all be mined? Doesn't this lead to a dilemma that one day anyone could just print their own money? For reference, I kind of understand a background that it was "made" and that now a single bit coin is worth a lot of "real" money, but if they originated from a person(s), what is stopping other people from deciding to just "make" their own currency? I also don't understand why people with a great computer background cannot just "make" some bitcoin for themselves by copying it? I really don't understand how a new form of money can just be invented and used to pay for things. >\_< Assistant: There were several rival cryptocurrencies a few years ago. BitCoin seems to have “won out” and gathered the most popularity. It’s possible that could change, but not in the short term. BitCoin became popular because people bought into the idea and investors bid up the price. Anyone can invent an investment. The hard part is getting a large number of people to buy it.	0.737118