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Hillel (Hebrew: הִלֵּל Hīllēl; variously called Hillel the Elder, Hillel the Great, or Hillel the Babylonian; died c. 10 CE) was a Jewish religious leader, sage and scholar associated with the development of the Mishnah and the Talmud and the founder of the House of Hillel school of tannaim. He was active during the end of the first century BCE and the beginning of the first century CE.He is popularly known as the author of two sayings:
(1) "If I am not for myself, who will be for me? And being for myself, what am I? And if not now, when?";
(2) "That which is hateful to you, do not do unto your fellow. That is the whole Torah; the rest is the explanation; go and learn."
Biography
Hillel was born in Babylon. According to the Talmud, he descended from the Tribe of Benjamin on his father's side, and from the family of David on his mother's side.When Josephus speaks of Hillel's great-grandson, Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel I, as belonging to a very celebrated family, he probably refers to the glory the family owed to the activity of Hillel and Rabban Gamaliel Hazaken. Only Hillel's brother Shebna is mentioned; he was a merchant, whereas Hillel devoted himself to studying the Torah whilst also working as a woodcutter.Hillel lived in Jerusalem during the time of King Herod and the Roman emperor Augustus. In the Midrash compilation Sifre, the periods of Hillel's life are made parallel to those in the life of Moses. At the age of forty Hillel went to the Land of Israel; forty years he spent in study; and the last third of his life he was the spiritual head of the Jewish people. A biographical sketch can be constructed; that Hillel went to Jerusalem in the prime of his life and attained a great age. His 40 years of leadership likely covered the period of 30 BCE to 10 CE.
According to the Mishnah, Hillel went to Jerusalem with the intention of studying biblical exposition and tradition at the age of 40 in 70 BCE. The difficulties Hillel had to overcome to gain admittance to the school of Sh'maya and Abtalion, and the hardships he suffered while pursuing his aim, are told in the Talmud. Some time later, Hillel succeeded in settling a question concerning the sacrificial ritual in a manner that showed his superiority over the Bnei Bathyra, who were at that time the heads of the Sanhedrin. On that occasion, it is narrated, they voluntarily resigned their position as Nasi (President) in favor of Hillel. After their resignation, Hillel was recognized as the highest authority among the Pharisees (predecessors to Rabbinic Judaism). Hillel was the head of the great school, associated at first with Menahem the Essene (who might be the same Menahem the Essene as the one mentioned by Flavius Josephus in relation to King Herod), and later with Shammai (Hillel's peer in the teaching of Jewish Law).
According to the Jerusalem Talmud (Nedarim 5:6), Hillel the Elder had eighty pairs of disciples, the greatest of whom being Jonathan ben Uzziel, while the least of whom was Yohanan ben Zakkai.Whatever Hillel's position, his authority was sufficient to introduce those decrees handed down in his name. The most famous of his enactments was the Prozbul, an institution that, in spite of the law concerning cancellation of debts in the Sabbatical year ensured the repayment of loans. The motive for this institution was the "repair of the world", i.e., of the social order, because this legal innovation protected both the creditor against the loss of his property, and the needy against being refused the loan of money for fear of loss. A similar tendency is found in another of Hillel's institutions, having reference to the sale of houses. These two are the only institutions handed down in Hillel's name, although the words that introduce the prozbul show that there were others. Hillel's judicial activity may be inferred from the decision by which he confirmed the legitimacy of some Alexandrians whose origin was disputed, by interpreting the marriage document (ketubah) of their mother in her favor. No other official acts are mentioned in the sources.
According to the Midrash Hillel lived to be 120 years old, like Moses, Yohanan ben Zakkai, and Rabbi Akiva.
Notable sayings
Several of Hillel's teachings are explained by comparison to what his adversary Shammai taught on the same subject.
Some of Hillel the Elder's teachings remain commonly known. However, at least two other notable Hillels came after him, and some scholars have suggested that some sayings attributed to "Hillel" may have originated from them.The saying of Hillel that introduces the collection of his maxims in the Mishnaic treatise Pirkei Avot mentions Aaron HaKohen (the high priest) as the great model to be imitated in his love of peace, in his love for his fellow man, and in his leading mankind to a knowledge of the Law (Pirkei Avoth 1:12). In mentioning these characteristics, which the aggadah attributes to Moses' brother, Hillel stated his own prominent virtues. He considered "love of his fellow man" the kernel of Jewish teaching.
The Oral Law
A gentile came to Shammai and asked how many Torahs there were. Shammai answered "two": the written Torah and the Oral Torah. The gentile did not believe him and asked to be converted on condition he only had to learn the written Torah. Shammai sent him away. The gentile went to Hillel who converted him and then started teaching him the Torah(s). He started with teaching him the Hebrew alphabet: the first letter is "aleph", the next letter is "bet", etc. The next day, Hillel taught him: the first letter is "tav", the next letter is "shin", etc. (the alphabet backwards). The convert said that this was different to what he had been taught the previous day. Hillel replied that in the same way you need an oral teaching to learn the written alphabet, so you need an oral explanation to understand the written Torah
Similarities to the Golden Rule
The comparative response to the challenge of a prospective convert who asked that the Torah be explained to him while he stood on one foot, illustrates the character differences between Shammai and Hillel. Shammai dismissed the man. Hillel responded to the man: "What is hateful to you, do not do to your fellow: this is the whole Torah; the rest is the explanation; go and learn." This rule is sometimes compared to the Christian Golden Rule, abeit in the negative.
Love of peace
The exhortation to love peace emanated from Hillel's most characteristic traits—from that proverbial meekness and mildness—as in the saying: "Let a man be always humble and patient like Hillel, and not passionate like Shammai". Hillel's gentleness and patience are illustrated in an anecdote that describes how two men made a bet on the question of whether Hillel could be made angry. Though they questioned him and made insulting allusions to his Babylonian origin, they were unsuccessful.
Obligations to self and others
From the doctrine of man's likeness to God, Hillel deduced man's duty to care for his own body. According to Midrash Leviticus rabbah he said "As in a theater and circus the statues of the king must be kept clean by him to whom they have been entrusted, so the bathing of the body is a duty of man, who was created in the image of the almighty King of the world." In this work, Hillel calls his soul a guest upon earth, toward which he must fulfill the duties of charity.
In Avot, Hillel stated "If I am not for myself, who is for me? And being for my own self, what am 'I'? And if not now, when?" The third part contains the admonition to postpone no duty, the same admonition he gave with reference to study: "Say not, 'When I have free time I shall study'; for you may perhaps never have any free time."The precept that one should not separate oneself from the community, Hillel paraphrases (referencing Ecclesiastes 3:4) in the following saying: "Appear neither naked nor clothed, neither sitting nor standing, neither laughing nor weeping." Man should not appear different from others in his outward deportment; he should always regard himself as a part of the whole, thereby showing that love of man Hillel taught. The feeling of love for one's neighbor shows itself also in his exhortation (Avot 2:4).
How far his love of man went may be seen from an example that shows that benevolence must be given with regard to the needs of the poor. Thus, Hillel provided a riding horse to a man of good family who became poor, in order that he not be deprived of his customary physical exercise; he also gave him a slave, that he might be served.
Other maxims
"Do not separate yourself from the community; do not believe in yourself until the day you die; do not judge your fellow until you have reached their place; do not say something inappropriate, for it will then be appropriated; and do not say, 'When I am free I will study,' for perhaps you will not become free."
"Whosoever destroys one soul, it is as though he had destroyed the entire world. And whosoever saves a life, it is as though he had saved the entire world."
"A name gained is a name lost."
"Where there are no men, strive to be a man!"
"My humiliation is my exaltation; my exaltation is my humiliation."
The study of Torah
The many anecdotes according to which Hillel made proselytes, correspond to the third part of his maxim: "Bring men to the Law." A later source (Avot of Rabbi Nathan) gives the following explanation of the teaching: Hillel stood in the gate of Jerusalem one day and saw the people on their way to work. "How much," he asked, "will you earn to-day?" One said: "A denarius"; the second: "Two denarii." "What will you do with the money?" he inquired. "We will provide for the necessities of life." Then said he to them: "Would you not rather come and make the Torah your possession, that you may possess both this and the future world?"
This narrative has the same points as the epigrammatic group of Hillel's sayings (Avot 2:7) commencing: "The more flesh, the more worms," and closing with the words: "Whoever has acquired the words of the Law has acquired the life of the world to come." In an Aramaic saying Hillel sounds a warning against neglect of study or its abuse for selfish purposes: "Whoever would make a name (i.e. glory) loses the name; he who increases not [his knowledge] decreases; whoever learns not [in Avot of Rabbi Nathan 12: "who does not serve the wise and learn"] is worthy of death; whoever exploits for his own use the crown (of Torah) perishes" (Avot 1:13).
Halachic teachings
Only a few halachic decisions have been handed down under Hillel's name; but there can be no doubt that much of the oldest anonymous traditional literature was due directly to him or to the teachings of his masters. The fixation of the hermeneutical norms for Midrash and halakhic scripture exposition was first made by Hillel, in the "seven rules of Hillel," which, as is told in one source, he applied on the day on which he overcame the Bnei Bathyra. On these seven rules rest the thirteen of R. Ishmael; they were epoch-making for the systematic development of the ancient Scripture exposition.
Hillel's influence: "House of Hillel" vs. "House of Shammai"
Hillel's disciples are generally called the "House of Hillel", in contrast to Shammai's disciples, the "House of Shammai". Their controversies concern all branches of the Jewish law.
Hillel's sandwich
During the Passover Seder (the annual commemoration of the Exodus from Egypt), one re-enacts ancient customs in the Haggadah. In the section of Korech, or 'sandwich', participants are instructed to place bitter herbs between two pieces of matzo and eat them after saying in Hebrew: This is a remembrance of Hillel in Temple times—This is what Hillel did when the Temple existed: He enwrapped the Paschal lamb, the matzo and the bitter herbs to eat them as one, in fulfillment of the verse, "with matzot and maror they shall eat it."(Numbers 9:11). This sandwich apparently refers to traditional soft matzot rather than modern crisp matzot, and so would have borne a striking resemblance to a modern shawarma.In modern times, when there is no paschal lamb, the Babylonian Talmud requires the practice of emulating Hillel's example by making a sandwich of matzo and maror (the "bitter herbs": either lettuce, endive, or horseradish). The maror, if lettuce or endive, is dipped in the meal's traditional charoset (a finely chopped sweet mixture of fruits and nuts; among Ashkenazi Jews it is typically made of apples, walnuts, red wine, cinnamon, and honey) just before the sandwich is made. In Ashkenazi families where grated horseradish is used for the maror instead of lettuce or endive, the maror cannot be dipped in the charoset, so it is the custom to spread the bottom piece of matzah with horseradish maror, cover it with a pile of charoset, and top it with another piece of matzah to make a hot-sweet sandwich.
In contemporary culture
Hillel's reputation is such that his influence extends beyond Judaism and has entered into popular culture.
Beginning in the late 1940s, soap-maker Emanuel Bronner (February 1, 1908 – March 7, 1997), a German-Jewish immigrant to the United States, featured the maxims of Hillel on millions of product labels. He referred to these as "Rabbi Hillel's Moral ABC." The label texts were later collected into a self-published book titled The Moral ABC I & II by Dr. Emmanuel Bronner. On page 23, Bronner wrote, "Rabbi Hillel taught Jesus to unite the whole human race in our Eternal Father's great, All-One-God-Faith." On page 39, he stated that "Small minds discuss people. Average minds discuss events. Great minds teach Rabbi Hillel's Moral ABC." These references to 'Rabbi' Hillel remain in print in the book and on the million more soap labels manufactured since Dr. Bronner's death.
In The Chosen Image: Television's Portrayal of Jewish Themes and Characters by Jonathan Pearl and Judith Pearl (MacFarland, 2005), the authors mention "episodes of [the 1960s series] 'Have Gun – Will Travel' [in which] Paladin, the program's erudite gunslinger [...] employs an adage from the sage Hillel"—and they continue by noting that "Rabbi Hillel's popularity as disseminator of wisdom extended to a 1973 episode of 'Medical Center,' where series star Dr. Gannon appears to be an admirer of him as well"
In a National Public Radio transcript of a broadcast called "Modern Lessons From Hillel," which originally aired on the news show All Things Considered with co-hosts Melissa Block and Robert Siegel on September 7, 2010, Siegel said: "Well, I mentioned something that a great Jewish sage, Rabbi Hillel, said not long before the time of Jesus. A man asked Rabbi Hillel to teach him the entire Torah, the five books of Moses, while standing on one foot. ..."
In The Jewish Story Finder: A Guide to 668 Tales Listing Subjects and Sources by Sharon Barcan Elswit (McFarland, 2012), the famous story of the man who stands on one foot is told, including this passage, "The man then goes to the great Rabbi Hillel. He tells Hillel that he does not have much time. ... Rabbi Hillel replies ..."
In "Do Justly, Love Mercy, and Walk Humbly with God," Dale Gunnar Renlund of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, spoke about Hillel the Elder to a worldwide audience in a live broadcast of General Conference in October 2020: "The importance of not mistreating others is highlighted in an anecdote about Hillel the Elder, a Jewish scholar who lived in the first century before Christ. One of Hillel's students was exasperated by the complexity of the Torah—the five books of Moses with their 613 commandments and associated rabbinic writings. The student challenged Hillel to explain the Torah using only the time that Hillel could stand on one foot. Hillel may not have had great balance but accepted the challenge. He quoted from Leviticus, saying, "Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself." Hillel then concluded: "That which is hateful unto you, do not do to your neighbor. This is the whole of the Torah; the rest is commentary. Go forth and study."
In Episode 5 of the Christian television drama The Chosen, Hillel's phrase "If not now, when?" is a key line exchanged between Jesus and Mary. In the second season, Pharisees Yanni and Shmuel discuss the politics of the Sanhedrin, which they see as dividable into two schools of thought: The School of Hillel and the School of Shammai.
Hillel's maxim "If not now, when?" features prominently in Robin Hood (2018 film). It is repeated several times throughout the film and appears on a title card afterwards (without citation).
See also
Pharisees
Prozbul
Simeon ben Hillel
Notes
References
Sources
Hertz, J. H. (1936). The Pentateuch and Haftoras. Deuteronomy. London: Oxford University Press.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Schechter, Solomon; Bacher, Wilhelm (1901–1906). "Hillel". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
External links
"Hillel: Foundations of Rabbinic Culture," Video Lecture by Dr. Henry Abramson
Jewish Encyclopedia: Hillel
Jewish Encyclopedia: Bet Hillel and Bet Shammai
Texts on Wikisource:
"Hillel". New International Encyclopedia. 1905.
"Hillel". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911.
Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Hillel". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
"Hillel". Encyclopedia Americana. 1920.
"Hillel the Elder". Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921.
Mishnah
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Hillel (Hebrew: הִלֵּל Hīllēl; variously called Hillel the Elder, Hillel the Great, or Hillel the Babylonian; died c. 10 CE) was a Jewish religious leader, sage and scholar associated with the development of the Mishnah and the Talmud and the founder of the House of Hillel school of tannaim. He was active during the end of the first century BCE and the beginning of the first century CE.He is popularly known as the author of two sayings:
(1) "If I am not for myself, who will be for me? And being for myself, what am I? And if not now, when?";
(2) "That which is hateful to you, do not do unto your fellow. That is the whole Torah; the rest is the explanation; go and learn."
Biography
Hillel was born in Babylon. According to the Talmud, he descended from the Tribe of Benjamin on his father's side, and from the family of David on his mother's side.When Josephus speaks of Hillel's great-grandson, Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel I, as belonging to a very celebrated family, he probably refers to the glory the family owed to the activity of Hillel and Rabban Gamaliel Hazaken. Only Hillel's brother Shebna is mentioned; he was a merchant, whereas Hillel devoted himself to studying the Torah whilst also working as a woodcutter.Hillel lived in Jerusalem during the time of King Herod and the Roman emperor Augustus. In the Midrash compilation Sifre, the periods of Hillel's life are made parallel to those in the life of Moses. At the age of forty Hillel went to the Land of Israel; forty years he spent in study; and the last third of his life he was the spiritual head of the Jewish people. A biographical sketch can be constructed; that Hillel went to Jerusalem in the prime of his life and attained a great age. His 40 years of leadership likely covered the period of 30 BCE to 10 CE.
According to the Mishnah, Hillel went to Jerusalem with the intention of studying biblical exposition and tradition at the age of 40 in 70 BCE. The difficulties Hillel had to overcome to gain admittance to the school of Sh'maya and Abtalion, and the hardships he suffered while pursuing his aim, are told in the Talmud. Some time later, Hillel succeeded in settling a question concerning the sacrificial ritual in a manner that showed his superiority over the Bnei Bathyra, who were at that time the heads of the Sanhedrin. On that occasion, it is narrated, they voluntarily resigned their position as Nasi (President) in favor of Hillel. After their resignation, Hillel was recognized as the highest authority among the Pharisees (predecessors to Rabbinic Judaism). Hillel was the head of the great school, associated at first with Menahem the Essene (who might be the same Menahem the Essene as the one mentioned by Flavius Josephus in relation to King Herod), and later with Shammai (Hillel's peer in the teaching of Jewish Law).
According to the Jerusalem Talmud (Nedarim 5:6), Hillel the Elder had eighty pairs of disciples, the greatest of whom being Jonathan ben Uzziel, while the least of whom was Yohanan ben Zakkai.Whatever Hillel's position, his authority was sufficient to introduce those decrees handed down in his name. The most famous of his enactments was the Prozbul, an institution that, in spite of the law concerning cancellation of debts in the Sabbatical year ensured the repayment of loans. The motive for this institution was the "repair of the world", i.e., of the social order, because this legal innovation protected both the creditor against the loss of his property, and the needy against being refused the loan of money for fear of loss. A similar tendency is found in another of Hillel's institutions, having reference to the sale of houses. These two are the only institutions handed down in Hillel's name, although the words that introduce the prozbul show that there were others. Hillel's judicial activity may be inferred from the decision by which he confirmed the legitimacy of some Alexandrians whose origin was disputed, by interpreting the marriage document (ketubah) of their mother in her favor. No other official acts are mentioned in the sources.
According to the Midrash Hillel lived to be 120 years old, like Moses, Yohanan ben Zakkai, and Rabbi Akiva.
Notable sayings
Several of Hillel's teachings are explained by comparison to what his adversary Shammai taught on the same subject.
Some of Hillel the Elder's teachings remain commonly known. However, at least two other notable Hillels came after him, and some scholars have suggested that some sayings attributed to "Hillel" may have originated from them.The saying of Hillel that introduces the collection of his maxims in the Mishnaic treatise Pirkei Avot mentions Aaron HaKohen (the high priest) as the great model to be imitated in his love of peace, in his love for his fellow man, and in his leading mankind to a knowledge of the Law (Pirkei Avoth 1:12). In mentioning these characteristics, which the aggadah attributes to Moses' brother, Hillel stated his own prominent virtues. He considered "love of his fellow man" the kernel of Jewish teaching.
The Oral Law
A gentile came to Shammai and asked how many Torahs there were. Shammai answered "two": the written Torah and the Oral Torah. The gentile did not believe him and asked to be converted on condition he only had to learn the written Torah. Shammai sent him away. The gentile went to Hillel who converted him and then started teaching him the Torah(s). He started with teaching him the Hebrew alphabet: the first letter is "aleph", the next letter is "bet", etc. The next day, Hillel taught him: the first letter is "tav", the next letter is "shin", etc. (the alphabet backwards). The convert said that this was different to what he had been taught the previous day. Hillel replied that in the same way you need an oral teaching to learn the written alphabet, so you need an oral explanation to understand the written Torah
Similarities to the Golden Rule
The comparative response to the challenge of a prospective convert who asked that the Torah be explained to him while he stood on one foot, illustrates the character differences between Shammai and Hillel. Shammai dismissed the man. Hillel responded to the man: "What is hateful to you, do not do to your fellow: this is the whole Torah; the rest is the explanation; go and learn." This rule is sometimes compared to the Christian Golden Rule, abeit in the negative.
Love of peace
The exhortation to love peace emanated from Hillel's most characteristic traits—from that proverbial meekness and mildness—as in the saying: "Let a man be always humble and patient like Hillel, and not passionate like Shammai". Hillel's gentleness and patience are illustrated in an anecdote that describes how two men made a bet on the question of whether Hillel could be made angry. Though they questioned him and made insulting allusions to his Babylonian origin, they were unsuccessful.
Obligations to self and others
From the doctrine of man's likeness to God, Hillel deduced man's duty to care for his own body. According to Midrash Leviticus rabbah he said "As in a theater and circus the statues of the king must be kept clean by him to whom they have been entrusted, so the bathing of the body is a duty of man, who was created in the image of the almighty King of the world." In this work, Hillel calls his soul a guest upon earth, toward which he must fulfill the duties of charity.
In Avot, Hillel stated "If I am not for myself, who is for me? And being for my own self, what am 'I'? And if not now, when?" The third part contains the admonition to postpone no duty, the same admonition he gave with reference to study: "Say not, 'When I have free time I shall study'; for you may perhaps never have any free time."The precept that one should not separate oneself from the community, Hillel paraphrases (referencing Ecclesiastes 3:4) in the following saying: "Appear neither naked nor clothed, neither sitting nor standing, neither laughing nor weeping." Man should not appear different from others in his outward deportment; he should always regard himself as a part of the whole, thereby showing that love of man Hillel taught. The feeling of love for one's neighbor shows itself also in his exhortation (Avot 2:4).
How far his love of man went may be seen from an example that shows that benevolence must be given with regard to the needs of the poor. Thus, Hillel provided a riding horse to a man of good family who became poor, in order that he not be deprived of his customary physical exercise; he also gave him a slave, that he might be served.
Other maxims
"Do not separate yourself from the community; do not believe in yourself until the day you die; do not judge your fellow until you have reached their place; do not say something inappropriate, for it will then be appropriated; and do not say, 'When I am free I will study,' for perhaps you will not become free."
"Whosoever destroys one soul, it is as though he had destroyed the entire world. And whosoever saves a life, it is as though he had saved the entire world."
"A name gained is a name lost."
"Where there are no men, strive to be a man!"
"My humiliation is my exaltation; my exaltation is my humiliation."
The study of Torah
The many anecdotes according to which Hillel made proselytes, correspond to the third part of his maxim: "Bring men to the Law." A later source (Avot of Rabbi Nathan) gives the following explanation of the teaching: Hillel stood in the gate of Jerusalem one day and saw the people on their way to work. "How much," he asked, "will you earn to-day?" One said: "A denarius"; the second: "Two denarii." "What will you do with the money?" he inquired. "We will provide for the necessities of life." Then said he to them: "Would you not rather come and make the Torah your possession, that you may possess both this and the future world?"
This narrative has the same points as the epigrammatic group of Hillel's sayings (Avot 2:7) commencing: "The more flesh, the more worms," and closing with the words: "Whoever has acquired the words of the Law has acquired the life of the world to come." In an Aramaic saying Hillel sounds a warning against neglect of study or its abuse for selfish purposes: "Whoever would make a name (i.e. glory) loses the name; he who increases not [his knowledge] decreases; whoever learns not [in Avot of Rabbi Nathan 12: "who does not serve the wise and learn"] is worthy of death; whoever exploits for his own use the crown (of Torah) perishes" (Avot 1:13).
Halachic teachings
Only a few halachic decisions have been handed down under Hillel's name; but there can be no doubt that much of the oldest anonymous traditional literature was due directly to him or to the teachings of his masters. The fixation of the hermeneutical norms for Midrash and halakhic scripture exposition was first made by Hillel, in the "seven rules of Hillel," which, as is told in one source, he applied on the day on which he overcame the Bnei Bathyra. On these seven rules rest the thirteen of R. Ishmael; they were epoch-making for the systematic development of the ancient Scripture exposition.
Hillel's influence: "House of Hillel" vs. "House of Shammai"
Hillel's disciples are generally called the "House of Hillel", in contrast to Shammai's disciples, the "House of Shammai". Their controversies concern all branches of the Jewish law.
Hillel's sandwich
During the Passover Seder (the annual commemoration of the Exodus from Egypt), one re-enacts ancient customs in the Haggadah. In the section of Korech, or 'sandwich', participants are instructed to place bitter herbs between two pieces of matzo and eat them after saying in Hebrew: This is a remembrance of Hillel in Temple times—This is what Hillel did when the Temple existed: He enwrapped the Paschal lamb, the matzo and the bitter herbs to eat them as one, in fulfillment of the verse, "with matzot and maror they shall eat it."(Numbers 9:11). This sandwich apparently refers to traditional soft matzot rather than modern crisp matzot, and so would have borne a striking resemblance to a modern shawarma.In modern times, when there is no paschal lamb, the Babylonian Talmud requires the practice of emulating Hillel's example by making a sandwich of matzo and maror (the "bitter herbs": either lettuce, endive, or horseradish). The maror, if lettuce or endive, is dipped in the meal's traditional charoset (a finely chopped sweet mixture of fruits and nuts; among Ashkenazi Jews it is typically made of apples, walnuts, red wine, cinnamon, and honey) just before the sandwich is made. In Ashkenazi families where grated horseradish is used for the maror instead of lettuce or endive, the maror cannot be dipped in the charoset, so it is the custom to spread the bottom piece of matzah with horseradish maror, cover it with a pile of charoset, and top it with another piece of matzah to make a hot-sweet sandwich.
In contemporary culture
Hillel's reputation is such that his influence extends beyond Judaism and has entered into popular culture.
Beginning in the late 1940s, soap-maker Emanuel Bronner (February 1, 1908 – March 7, 1997), a German-Jewish immigrant to the United States, featured the maxims of Hillel on millions of product labels. He referred to these as "Rabbi Hillel's Moral ABC." The label texts were later collected into a self-published book titled The Moral ABC I & II by Dr. Emmanuel Bronner. On page 23, Bronner wrote, "Rabbi Hillel taught Jesus to unite the whole human race in our Eternal Father's great, All-One-God-Faith." On page 39, he stated that "Small minds discuss people. Average minds discuss events. Great minds teach Rabbi Hillel's Moral ABC." These references to 'Rabbi' Hillel remain in print in the book and on the million more soap labels manufactured since Dr. Bronner's death.
In The Chosen Image: Television's Portrayal of Jewish Themes and Characters by Jonathan Pearl and Judith Pearl (MacFarland, 2005), the authors mention "episodes of [the 1960s series] 'Have Gun – Will Travel' [in which] Paladin, the program's erudite gunslinger [...] employs an adage from the sage Hillel"—and they continue by noting that "Rabbi Hillel's popularity as disseminator of wisdom extended to a 1973 episode of 'Medical Center,' where series star Dr. Gannon appears to be an admirer of him as well"
In a National Public Radio transcript of a broadcast called "Modern Lessons From Hillel," which originally aired on the news show All Things Considered with co-hosts Melissa Block and Robert Siegel on September 7, 2010, Siegel said: "Well, I mentioned something that a great Jewish sage, Rabbi Hillel, said not long before the time of Jesus. A man asked Rabbi Hillel to teach him the entire Torah, the five books of Moses, while standing on one foot. ..."
In The Jewish Story Finder: A Guide to 668 Tales Listing Subjects and Sources by Sharon Barcan Elswit (McFarland, 2012), the famous story of the man who stands on one foot is told, including this passage, "The man then goes to the great Rabbi Hillel. He tells Hillel that he does not have much time. ... Rabbi Hillel replies ..."
In "Do Justly, Love Mercy, and Walk Humbly with God," Dale Gunnar Renlund of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, spoke about Hillel the Elder to a worldwide audience in a live broadcast of General Conference in October 2020: "The importance of not mistreating others is highlighted in an anecdote about Hillel the Elder, a Jewish scholar who lived in the first century before Christ. One of Hillel's students was exasperated by the complexity of the Torah—the five books of Moses with their 613 commandments and associated rabbinic writings. The student challenged Hillel to explain the Torah using only the time that Hillel could stand on one foot. Hillel may not have had great balance but accepted the challenge. He quoted from Leviticus, saying, "Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself." Hillel then concluded: "That which is hateful unto you, do not do to your neighbor. This is the whole of the Torah; the rest is commentary. Go forth and study."
In Episode 5 of the Christian television drama The Chosen, Hillel's phrase "If not now, when?" is a key line exchanged between Jesus and Mary. In the second season, Pharisees Yanni and Shmuel discuss the politics of the Sanhedrin, which they see as dividable into two schools of thought: The School of Hillel and the School of Shammai.
Hillel's maxim "If not now, when?" features prominently in Robin Hood (2018 film). It is repeated several times throughout the film and appears on a title card afterwards (without citation).
See also
Pharisees
Prozbul
Simeon ben Hillel
Notes
References
Sources
Hertz, J. H. (1936). The Pentateuch and Haftoras. Deuteronomy. London: Oxford University Press.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Schechter, Solomon; Bacher, Wilhelm (1901–1906). "Hillel". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
External links
"Hillel: Foundations of Rabbinic Culture," Video Lecture by Dr. Henry Abramson
Jewish Encyclopedia: Hillel
Jewish Encyclopedia: Bet Hillel and Bet Shammai
Texts on Wikisource:
"Hillel". New International Encyclopedia. 1905.
"Hillel". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911.
Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Hillel". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
"Hillel". Encyclopedia Americana. 1920.
"Hillel the Elder". Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921.
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Hillel (Hebrew: הִלֵּל Hīllēl; variously called Hillel the Elder, Hillel the Great, or Hillel the Babylonian; died c. 10 CE) was a Jewish religious leader, sage and scholar associated with the development of the Mishnah and the Talmud and the founder of the House of Hillel school of tannaim. He was active during the end of the first century BCE and the beginning of the first century CE.He is popularly known as the author of two sayings:
(1) "If I am not for myself, who will be for me? And being for myself, what am I? And if not now, when?";
(2) "That which is hateful to you, do not do unto your fellow. That is the whole Torah; the rest is the explanation; go and learn."
Biography
Hillel was born in Babylon. According to the Talmud, he descended from the Tribe of Benjamin on his father's side, and from the family of David on his mother's side.When Josephus speaks of Hillel's great-grandson, Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel I, as belonging to a very celebrated family, he probably refers to the glory the family owed to the activity of Hillel and Rabban Gamaliel Hazaken. Only Hillel's brother Shebna is mentioned; he was a merchant, whereas Hillel devoted himself to studying the Torah whilst also working as a woodcutter.Hillel lived in Jerusalem during the time of King Herod and the Roman emperor Augustus. In the Midrash compilation Sifre, the periods of Hillel's life are made parallel to those in the life of Moses. At the age of forty Hillel went to the Land of Israel; forty years he spent in study; and the last third of his life he was the spiritual head of the Jewish people. A biographical sketch can be constructed; that Hillel went to Jerusalem in the prime of his life and attained a great age. His 40 years of leadership likely covered the period of 30 BCE to 10 CE.
According to the Mishnah, Hillel went to Jerusalem with the intention of studying biblical exposition and tradition at the age of 40 in 70 BCE. The difficulties Hillel had to overcome to gain admittance to the school of Sh'maya and Abtalion, and the hardships he suffered while pursuing his aim, are told in the Talmud. Some time later, Hillel succeeded in settling a question concerning the sacrificial ritual in a manner that showed his superiority over the Bnei Bathyra, who were at that time the heads of the Sanhedrin. On that occasion, it is narrated, they voluntarily resigned their position as Nasi (President) in favor of Hillel. After their resignation, Hillel was recognized as the highest authority among the Pharisees (predecessors to Rabbinic Judaism). Hillel was the head of the great school, associated at first with Menahem the Essene (who might be the same Menahem the Essene as the one mentioned by Flavius Josephus in relation to King Herod), and later with Shammai (Hillel's peer in the teaching of Jewish Law).
According to the Jerusalem Talmud (Nedarim 5:6), Hillel the Elder had eighty pairs of disciples, the greatest of whom being Jonathan ben Uzziel, while the least of whom was Yohanan ben Zakkai.Whatever Hillel's position, his authority was sufficient to introduce those decrees handed down in his name. The most famous of his enactments was the Prozbul, an institution that, in spite of the law concerning cancellation of debts in the Sabbatical year ensured the repayment of loans. The motive for this institution was the "repair of the world", i.e., of the social order, because this legal innovation protected both the creditor against the loss of his property, and the needy against being refused the loan of money for fear of loss. A similar tendency is found in another of Hillel's institutions, having reference to the sale of houses. These two are the only institutions handed down in Hillel's name, although the words that introduce the prozbul show that there were others. Hillel's judicial activity may be inferred from the decision by which he confirmed the legitimacy of some Alexandrians whose origin was disputed, by interpreting the marriage document (ketubah) of their mother in her favor. No other official acts are mentioned in the sources.
According to the Midrash Hillel lived to be 120 years old, like Moses, Yohanan ben Zakkai, and Rabbi Akiva.
Notable sayings
Several of Hillel's teachings are explained by comparison to what his adversary Shammai taught on the same subject.
Some of Hillel the Elder's teachings remain commonly known. However, at least two other notable Hillels came after him, and some scholars have suggested that some sayings attributed to "Hillel" may have originated from them.The saying of Hillel that introduces the collection of his maxims in the Mishnaic treatise Pirkei Avot mentions Aaron HaKohen (the high priest) as the great model to be imitated in his love of peace, in his love for his fellow man, and in his leading mankind to a knowledge of the Law (Pirkei Avoth 1:12). In mentioning these characteristics, which the aggadah attributes to Moses' brother, Hillel stated his own prominent virtues. He considered "love of his fellow man" the kernel of Jewish teaching.
The Oral Law
A gentile came to Shammai and asked how many Torahs there were. Shammai answered "two": the written Torah and the Oral Torah. The gentile did not believe him and asked to be converted on condition he only had to learn the written Torah. Shammai sent him away. The gentile went to Hillel who converted him and then started teaching him the Torah(s). He started with teaching him the Hebrew alphabet: the first letter is "aleph", the next letter is "bet", etc. The next day, Hillel taught him: the first letter is "tav", the next letter is "shin", etc. (the alphabet backwards). The convert said that this was different to what he had been taught the previous day. Hillel replied that in the same way you need an oral teaching to learn the written alphabet, so you need an oral explanation to understand the written Torah
Similarities to the Golden Rule
The comparative response to the challenge of a prospective convert who asked that the Torah be explained to him while he stood on one foot, illustrates the character differences between Shammai and Hillel. Shammai dismissed the man. Hillel responded to the man: "What is hateful to you, do not do to your fellow: this is the whole Torah; the rest is the explanation; go and learn." This rule is sometimes compared to the Christian Golden Rule, abeit in the negative.
Love of peace
The exhortation to love peace emanated from Hillel's most characteristic traits—from that proverbial meekness and mildness—as in the saying: "Let a man be always humble and patient like Hillel, and not passionate like Shammai". Hillel's gentleness and patience are illustrated in an anecdote that describes how two men made a bet on the question of whether Hillel could be made angry. Though they questioned him and made insulting allusions to his Babylonian origin, they were unsuccessful.
Obligations to self and others
From the doctrine of man's likeness to God, Hillel deduced man's duty to care for his own body. According to Midrash Leviticus rabbah he said "As in a theater and circus the statues of the king must be kept clean by him to whom they have been entrusted, so the bathing of the body is a duty of man, who was created in the image of the almighty King of the world." In this work, Hillel calls his soul a guest upon earth, toward which he must fulfill the duties of charity.
In Avot, Hillel stated "If I am not for myself, who is for me? And being for my own self, what am 'I'? And if not now, when?" The third part contains the admonition to postpone no duty, the same admonition he gave with reference to study: "Say not, 'When I have free time I shall study'; for you may perhaps never have any free time."The precept that one should not separate oneself from the community, Hillel paraphrases (referencing Ecclesiastes 3:4) in the following saying: "Appear neither naked nor clothed, neither sitting nor standing, neither laughing nor weeping." Man should not appear different from others in his outward deportment; he should always regard himself as a part of the whole, thereby showing that love of man Hillel taught. The feeling of love for one's neighbor shows itself also in his exhortation (Avot 2:4).
How far his love of man went may be seen from an example that shows that benevolence must be given with regard to the needs of the poor. Thus, Hillel provided a riding horse to a man of good family who became poor, in order that he not be deprived of his customary physical exercise; he also gave him a slave, that he might be served.
Other maxims
"Do not separate yourself from the community; do not believe in yourself until the day you die; do not judge your fellow until you have reached their place; do not say something inappropriate, for it will then be appropriated; and do not say, 'When I am free I will study,' for perhaps you will not become free."
"Whosoever destroys one soul, it is as though he had destroyed the entire world. And whosoever saves a life, it is as though he had saved the entire world."
"A name gained is a name lost."
"Where there are no men, strive to be a man!"
"My humiliation is my exaltation; my exaltation is my humiliation."
The study of Torah
The many anecdotes according to which Hillel made proselytes, correspond to the third part of his maxim: "Bring men to the Law." A later source (Avot of Rabbi Nathan) gives the following explanation of the teaching: Hillel stood in the gate of Jerusalem one day and saw the people on their way to work. "How much," he asked, "will you earn to-day?" One said: "A denarius"; the second: "Two denarii." "What will you do with the money?" he inquired. "We will provide for the necessities of life." Then said he to them: "Would you not rather come and make the Torah your possession, that you may possess both this and the future world?"
This narrative has the same points as the epigrammatic group of Hillel's sayings (Avot 2:7) commencing: "The more flesh, the more worms," and closing with the words: "Whoever has acquired the words of the Law has acquired the life of the world to come." In an Aramaic saying Hillel sounds a warning against neglect of study or its abuse for selfish purposes: "Whoever would make a name (i.e. glory) loses the name; he who increases not [his knowledge] decreases; whoever learns not [in Avot of Rabbi Nathan 12: "who does not serve the wise and learn"] is worthy of death; whoever exploits for his own use the crown (of Torah) perishes" (Avot 1:13).
Halachic teachings
Only a few halachic decisions have been handed down under Hillel's name; but there can be no doubt that much of the oldest anonymous traditional literature was due directly to him or to the teachings of his masters. The fixation of the hermeneutical norms for Midrash and halakhic scripture exposition was first made by Hillel, in the "seven rules of Hillel," which, as is told in one source, he applied on the day on which he overcame the Bnei Bathyra. On these seven rules rest the thirteen of R. Ishmael; they were epoch-making for the systematic development of the ancient Scripture exposition.
Hillel's influence: "House of Hillel" vs. "House of Shammai"
Hillel's disciples are generally called the "House of Hillel", in contrast to Shammai's disciples, the "House of Shammai". Their controversies concern all branches of the Jewish law.
Hillel's sandwich
During the Passover Seder (the annual commemoration of the Exodus from Egypt), one re-enacts ancient customs in the Haggadah. In the section of Korech, or 'sandwich', participants are instructed to place bitter herbs between two pieces of matzo and eat them after saying in Hebrew: This is a remembrance of Hillel in Temple times—This is what Hillel did when the Temple existed: He enwrapped the Paschal lamb, the matzo and the bitter herbs to eat them as one, in fulfillment of the verse, "with matzot and maror they shall eat it."(Numbers 9:11). This sandwich apparently refers to traditional soft matzot rather than modern crisp matzot, and so would have borne a striking resemblance to a modern shawarma.In modern times, when there is no paschal lamb, the Babylonian Talmud requires the practice of emulating Hillel's example by making a sandwich of matzo and maror (the "bitter herbs": either lettuce, endive, or horseradish). The maror, if lettuce or endive, is dipped in the meal's traditional charoset (a finely chopped sweet mixture of fruits and nuts; among Ashkenazi Jews it is typically made of apples, walnuts, red wine, cinnamon, and honey) just before the sandwich is made. In Ashkenazi families where grated horseradish is used for the maror instead of lettuce or endive, the maror cannot be dipped in the charoset, so it is the custom to spread the bottom piece of matzah with horseradish maror, cover it with a pile of charoset, and top it with another piece of matzah to make a hot-sweet sandwich.
In contemporary culture
Hillel's reputation is such that his influence extends beyond Judaism and has entered into popular culture.
Beginning in the late 1940s, soap-maker Emanuel Bronner (February 1, 1908 – March 7, 1997), a German-Jewish immigrant to the United States, featured the maxims of Hillel on millions of product labels. He referred to these as "Rabbi Hillel's Moral ABC." The label texts were later collected into a self-published book titled The Moral ABC I & II by Dr. Emmanuel Bronner. On page 23, Bronner wrote, "Rabbi Hillel taught Jesus to unite the whole human race in our Eternal Father's great, All-One-God-Faith." On page 39, he stated that "Small minds discuss people. Average minds discuss events. Great minds teach Rabbi Hillel's Moral ABC." These references to 'Rabbi' Hillel remain in print in the book and on the million more soap labels manufactured since Dr. Bronner's death.
In The Chosen Image: Television's Portrayal of Jewish Themes and Characters by Jonathan Pearl and Judith Pearl (MacFarland, 2005), the authors mention "episodes of [the 1960s series] 'Have Gun – Will Travel' [in which] Paladin, the program's erudite gunslinger [...] employs an adage from the sage Hillel"—and they continue by noting that "Rabbi Hillel's popularity as disseminator of wisdom extended to a 1973 episode of 'Medical Center,' where series star Dr. Gannon appears to be an admirer of him as well"
In a National Public Radio transcript of a broadcast called "Modern Lessons From Hillel," which originally aired on the news show All Things Considered with co-hosts Melissa Block and Robert Siegel on September 7, 2010, Siegel said: "Well, I mentioned something that a great Jewish sage, Rabbi Hillel, said not long before the time of Jesus. A man asked Rabbi Hillel to teach him the entire Torah, the five books of Moses, while standing on one foot. ..."
In The Jewish Story Finder: A Guide to 668 Tales Listing Subjects and Sources by Sharon Barcan Elswit (McFarland, 2012), the famous story of the man who stands on one foot is told, including this passage, "The man then goes to the great Rabbi Hillel. He tells Hillel that he does not have much time. ... Rabbi Hillel replies ..."
In "Do Justly, Love Mercy, and Walk Humbly with God," Dale Gunnar Renlund of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, spoke about Hillel the Elder to a worldwide audience in a live broadcast of General Conference in October 2020: "The importance of not mistreating others is highlighted in an anecdote about Hillel the Elder, a Jewish scholar who lived in the first century before Christ. One of Hillel's students was exasperated by the complexity of the Torah—the five books of Moses with their 613 commandments and associated rabbinic writings. The student challenged Hillel to explain the Torah using only the time that Hillel could stand on one foot. Hillel may not have had great balance but accepted the challenge. He quoted from Leviticus, saying, "Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself." Hillel then concluded: "That which is hateful unto you, do not do to your neighbor. This is the whole of the Torah; the rest is commentary. Go forth and study."
In Episode 5 of the Christian television drama The Chosen, Hillel's phrase "If not now, when?" is a key line exchanged between Jesus and Mary. In the second season, Pharisees Yanni and Shmuel discuss the politics of the Sanhedrin, which they see as dividable into two schools of thought: The School of Hillel and the School of Shammai.
Hillel's maxim "If not now, when?" features prominently in Robin Hood (2018 film). It is repeated several times throughout the film and appears on a title card afterwards (without citation).
See also
Pharisees
Prozbul
Simeon ben Hillel
Notes
References
Sources
Hertz, J. H. (1936). The Pentateuch and Haftoras. Deuteronomy. London: Oxford University Press.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Schechter, Solomon; Bacher, Wilhelm (1901–1906). "Hillel". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
External links
"Hillel: Foundations of Rabbinic Culture," Video Lecture by Dr. Henry Abramson
Jewish Encyclopedia: Hillel
Jewish Encyclopedia: Bet Hillel and Bet Shammai
Texts on Wikisource:
"Hillel". New International Encyclopedia. 1905.
"Hillel". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911.
Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Hillel". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
"Hillel". Encyclopedia Americana. 1920.
"Hillel the Elder". Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921.
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Hillel (Hebrew: הִלֵּל Hīllēl; variously called Hillel the Elder, Hillel the Great, or Hillel the Babylonian; died c. 10 CE) was a Jewish religious leader, sage and scholar associated with the development of the Mishnah and the Talmud and the founder of the House of Hillel school of tannaim. He was active during the end of the first century BCE and the beginning of the first century CE.He is popularly known as the author of two sayings:
(1) "If I am not for myself, who will be for me? And being for myself, what am I? And if not now, when?";
(2) "That which is hateful to you, do not do unto your fellow. That is the whole Torah; the rest is the explanation; go and learn."
Biography
Hillel was born in Babylon. According to the Talmud, he descended from the Tribe of Benjamin on his father's side, and from the family of David on his mother's side.When Josephus speaks of Hillel's great-grandson, Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel I, as belonging to a very celebrated family, he probably refers to the glory the family owed to the activity of Hillel and Rabban Gamaliel Hazaken. Only Hillel's brother Shebna is mentioned; he was a merchant, whereas Hillel devoted himself to studying the Torah whilst also working as a woodcutter.Hillel lived in Jerusalem during the time of King Herod and the Roman emperor Augustus. In the Midrash compilation Sifre, the periods of Hillel's life are made parallel to those in the life of Moses. At the age of forty Hillel went to the Land of Israel; forty years he spent in study; and the last third of his life he was the spiritual head of the Jewish people. A biographical sketch can be constructed; that Hillel went to Jerusalem in the prime of his life and attained a great age. His 40 years of leadership likely covered the period of 30 BCE to 10 CE.
According to the Mishnah, Hillel went to Jerusalem with the intention of studying biblical exposition and tradition at the age of 40 in 70 BCE. The difficulties Hillel had to overcome to gain admittance to the school of Sh'maya and Abtalion, and the hardships he suffered while pursuing his aim, are told in the Talmud. Some time later, Hillel succeeded in settling a question concerning the sacrificial ritual in a manner that showed his superiority over the Bnei Bathyra, who were at that time the heads of the Sanhedrin. On that occasion, it is narrated, they voluntarily resigned their position as Nasi (President) in favor of Hillel. After their resignation, Hillel was recognized as the highest authority among the Pharisees (predecessors to Rabbinic Judaism). Hillel was the head of the great school, associated at first with Menahem the Essene (who might be the same Menahem the Essene as the one mentioned by Flavius Josephus in relation to King Herod), and later with Shammai (Hillel's peer in the teaching of Jewish Law).
According to the Jerusalem Talmud (Nedarim 5:6), Hillel the Elder had eighty pairs of disciples, the greatest of whom being Jonathan ben Uzziel, while the least of whom was Yohanan ben Zakkai.Whatever Hillel's position, his authority was sufficient to introduce those decrees handed down in his name. The most famous of his enactments was the Prozbul, an institution that, in spite of the law concerning cancellation of debts in the Sabbatical year ensured the repayment of loans. The motive for this institution was the "repair of the world", i.e., of the social order, because this legal innovation protected both the creditor against the loss of his property, and the needy against being refused the loan of money for fear of loss. A similar tendency is found in another of Hillel's institutions, having reference to the sale of houses. These two are the only institutions handed down in Hillel's name, although the words that introduce the prozbul show that there were others. Hillel's judicial activity may be inferred from the decision by which he confirmed the legitimacy of some Alexandrians whose origin was disputed, by interpreting the marriage document (ketubah) of their mother in her favor. No other official acts are mentioned in the sources.
According to the Midrash Hillel lived to be 120 years old, like Moses, Yohanan ben Zakkai, and Rabbi Akiva.
Notable sayings
Several of Hillel's teachings are explained by comparison to what his adversary Shammai taught on the same subject.
Some of Hillel the Elder's teachings remain commonly known. However, at least two other notable Hillels came after him, and some scholars have suggested that some sayings attributed to "Hillel" may have originated from them.The saying of Hillel that introduces the collection of his maxims in the Mishnaic treatise Pirkei Avot mentions Aaron HaKohen (the high priest) as the great model to be imitated in his love of peace, in his love for his fellow man, and in his leading mankind to a knowledge of the Law (Pirkei Avoth 1:12). In mentioning these characteristics, which the aggadah attributes to Moses' brother, Hillel stated his own prominent virtues. He considered "love of his fellow man" the kernel of Jewish teaching.
The Oral Law
A gentile came to Shammai and asked how many Torahs there were. Shammai answered "two": the written Torah and the Oral Torah. The gentile did not believe him and asked to be converted on condition he only had to learn the written Torah. Shammai sent him away. The gentile went to Hillel who converted him and then started teaching him the Torah(s). He started with teaching him the Hebrew alphabet: the first letter is "aleph", the next letter is "bet", etc. The next day, Hillel taught him: the first letter is "tav", the next letter is "shin", etc. (the alphabet backwards). The convert said that this was different to what he had been taught the previous day. Hillel replied that in the same way you need an oral teaching to learn the written alphabet, so you need an oral explanation to understand the written Torah
Similarities to the Golden Rule
The comparative response to the challenge of a prospective convert who asked that the Torah be explained to him while he stood on one foot, illustrates the character differences between Shammai and Hillel. Shammai dismissed the man. Hillel responded to the man: "What is hateful to you, do not do to your fellow: this is the whole Torah; the rest is the explanation; go and learn." This rule is sometimes compared to the Christian Golden Rule, abeit in the negative.
Love of peace
The exhortation to love peace emanated from Hillel's most characteristic traits—from that proverbial meekness and mildness—as in the saying: "Let a man be always humble and patient like Hillel, and not passionate like Shammai". Hillel's gentleness and patience are illustrated in an anecdote that describes how two men made a bet on the question of whether Hillel could be made angry. Though they questioned him and made insulting allusions to his Babylonian origin, they were unsuccessful.
Obligations to self and others
From the doctrine of man's likeness to God, Hillel deduced man's duty to care for his own body. According to Midrash Leviticus rabbah he said "As in a theater and circus the statues of the king must be kept clean by him to whom they have been entrusted, so the bathing of the body is a duty of man, who was created in the image of the almighty King of the world." In this work, Hillel calls his soul a guest upon earth, toward which he must fulfill the duties of charity.
In Avot, Hillel stated "If I am not for myself, who is for me? And being for my own self, what am 'I'? And if not now, when?" The third part contains the admonition to postpone no duty, the same admonition he gave with reference to study: "Say not, 'When I have free time I shall study'; for you may perhaps never have any free time."The precept that one should not separate oneself from the community, Hillel paraphrases (referencing Ecclesiastes 3:4) in the following saying: "Appear neither naked nor clothed, neither sitting nor standing, neither laughing nor weeping." Man should not appear different from others in his outward deportment; he should always regard himself as a part of the whole, thereby showing that love of man Hillel taught. The feeling of love for one's neighbor shows itself also in his exhortation (Avot 2:4).
How far his love of man went may be seen from an example that shows that benevolence must be given with regard to the needs of the poor. Thus, Hillel provided a riding horse to a man of good family who became poor, in order that he not be deprived of his customary physical exercise; he also gave him a slave, that he might be served.
Other maxims
"Do not separate yourself from the community; do not believe in yourself until the day you die; do not judge your fellow until you have reached their place; do not say something inappropriate, for it will then be appropriated; and do not say, 'When I am free I will study,' for perhaps you will not become free."
"Whosoever destroys one soul, it is as though he had destroyed the entire world. And whosoever saves a life, it is as though he had saved the entire world."
"A name gained is a name lost."
"Where there are no men, strive to be a man!"
"My humiliation is my exaltation; my exaltation is my humiliation."
The study of Torah
The many anecdotes according to which Hillel made proselytes, correspond to the third part of his maxim: "Bring men to the Law." A later source (Avot of Rabbi Nathan) gives the following explanation of the teaching: Hillel stood in the gate of Jerusalem one day and saw the people on their way to work. "How much," he asked, "will you earn to-day?" One said: "A denarius"; the second: "Two denarii." "What will you do with the money?" he inquired. "We will provide for the necessities of life." Then said he to them: "Would you not rather come and make the Torah your possession, that you may possess both this and the future world?"
This narrative has the same points as the epigrammatic group of Hillel's sayings (Avot 2:7) commencing: "The more flesh, the more worms," and closing with the words: "Whoever has acquired the words of the Law has acquired the life of the world to come." In an Aramaic saying Hillel sounds a warning against neglect of study or its abuse for selfish purposes: "Whoever would make a name (i.e. glory) loses the name; he who increases not [his knowledge] decreases; whoever learns not [in Avot of Rabbi Nathan 12: "who does not serve the wise and learn"] is worthy of death; whoever exploits for his own use the crown (of Torah) perishes" (Avot 1:13).
Halachic teachings
Only a few halachic decisions have been handed down under Hillel's name; but there can be no doubt that much of the oldest anonymous traditional literature was due directly to him or to the teachings of his masters. The fixation of the hermeneutical norms for Midrash and halakhic scripture exposition was first made by Hillel, in the "seven rules of Hillel," which, as is told in one source, he applied on the day on which he overcame the Bnei Bathyra. On these seven rules rest the thirteen of R. Ishmael; they were epoch-making for the systematic development of the ancient Scripture exposition.
Hillel's influence: "House of Hillel" vs. "House of Shammai"
Hillel's disciples are generally called the "House of Hillel", in contrast to Shammai's disciples, the "House of Shammai". Their controversies concern all branches of the Jewish law.
Hillel's sandwich
During the Passover Seder (the annual commemoration of the Exodus from Egypt), one re-enacts ancient customs in the Haggadah. In the section of Korech, or 'sandwich', participants are instructed to place bitter herbs between two pieces of matzo and eat them after saying in Hebrew: This is a remembrance of Hillel in Temple times—This is what Hillel did when the Temple existed: He enwrapped the Paschal lamb, the matzo and the bitter herbs to eat them as one, in fulfillment of the verse, "with matzot and maror they shall eat it."(Numbers 9:11). This sandwich apparently refers to traditional soft matzot rather than modern crisp matzot, and so would have borne a striking resemblance to a modern shawarma.In modern times, when there is no paschal lamb, the Babylonian Talmud requires the practice of emulating Hillel's example by making a sandwich of matzo and maror (the "bitter herbs": either lettuce, endive, or horseradish). The maror, if lettuce or endive, is dipped in the meal's traditional charoset (a finely chopped sweet mixture of fruits and nuts; among Ashkenazi Jews it is typically made of apples, walnuts, red wine, cinnamon, and honey) just before the sandwich is made. In Ashkenazi families where grated horseradish is used for the maror instead of lettuce or endive, the maror cannot be dipped in the charoset, so it is the custom to spread the bottom piece of matzah with horseradish maror, cover it with a pile of charoset, and top it with another piece of matzah to make a hot-sweet sandwich.
In contemporary culture
Hillel's reputation is such that his influence extends beyond Judaism and has entered into popular culture.
Beginning in the late 1940s, soap-maker Emanuel Bronner (February 1, 1908 – March 7, 1997), a German-Jewish immigrant to the United States, featured the maxims of Hillel on millions of product labels. He referred to these as "Rabbi Hillel's Moral ABC." The label texts were later collected into a self-published book titled The Moral ABC I & II by Dr. Emmanuel Bronner. On page 23, Bronner wrote, "Rabbi Hillel taught Jesus to unite the whole human race in our Eternal Father's great, All-One-God-Faith." On page 39, he stated that "Small minds discuss people. Average minds discuss events. Great minds teach Rabbi Hillel's Moral ABC." These references to 'Rabbi' Hillel remain in print in the book and on the million more soap labels manufactured since Dr. Bronner's death.
In The Chosen Image: Television's Portrayal of Jewish Themes and Characters by Jonathan Pearl and Judith Pearl (MacFarland, 2005), the authors mention "episodes of [the 1960s series] 'Have Gun – Will Travel' [in which] Paladin, the program's erudite gunslinger [...] employs an adage from the sage Hillel"—and they continue by noting that "Rabbi Hillel's popularity as disseminator of wisdom extended to a 1973 episode of 'Medical Center,' where series star Dr. Gannon appears to be an admirer of him as well"
In a National Public Radio transcript of a broadcast called "Modern Lessons From Hillel," which originally aired on the news show All Things Considered with co-hosts Melissa Block and Robert Siegel on September 7, 2010, Siegel said: "Well, I mentioned something that a great Jewish sage, Rabbi Hillel, said not long before the time of Jesus. A man asked Rabbi Hillel to teach him the entire Torah, the five books of Moses, while standing on one foot. ..."
In The Jewish Story Finder: A Guide to 668 Tales Listing Subjects and Sources by Sharon Barcan Elswit (McFarland, 2012), the famous story of the man who stands on one foot is told, including this passage, "The man then goes to the great Rabbi Hillel. He tells Hillel that he does not have much time. ... Rabbi Hillel replies ..."
In "Do Justly, Love Mercy, and Walk Humbly with God," Dale Gunnar Renlund of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, spoke about Hillel the Elder to a worldwide audience in a live broadcast of General Conference in October 2020: "The importance of not mistreating others is highlighted in an anecdote about Hillel the Elder, a Jewish scholar who lived in the first century before Christ. One of Hillel's students was exasperated by the complexity of the Torah—the five books of Moses with their 613 commandments and associated rabbinic writings. The student challenged Hillel to explain the Torah using only the time that Hillel could stand on one foot. Hillel may not have had great balance but accepted the challenge. He quoted from Leviticus, saying, "Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself." Hillel then concluded: "That which is hateful unto you, do not do to your neighbor. This is the whole of the Torah; the rest is commentary. Go forth and study."
In Episode 5 of the Christian television drama The Chosen, Hillel's phrase "If not now, when?" is a key line exchanged between Jesus and Mary. In the second season, Pharisees Yanni and Shmuel discuss the politics of the Sanhedrin, which they see as dividable into two schools of thought: The School of Hillel and the School of Shammai.
Hillel's maxim "If not now, when?" features prominently in Robin Hood (2018 film). It is repeated several times throughout the film and appears on a title card afterwards (without citation).
See also
Pharisees
Prozbul
Simeon ben Hillel
Notes
References
Sources
Hertz, J. H. (1936). The Pentateuch and Haftoras. Deuteronomy. London: Oxford University Press.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Schechter, Solomon; Bacher, Wilhelm (1901–1906). "Hillel". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
External links
"Hillel: Foundations of Rabbinic Culture," Video Lecture by Dr. Henry Abramson
Jewish Encyclopedia: Hillel
Jewish Encyclopedia: Bet Hillel and Bet Shammai
Texts on Wikisource:
"Hillel". New International Encyclopedia. 1905.
"Hillel". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911.
Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Hillel". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
"Hillel". Encyclopedia Americana. 1920.
"Hillel the Elder". Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921.
Mishnah
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Store norske leksikon ID
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Siméon Sawadogo is a Burkinabé politician. He is currently the Minister of State, the Minister of Territorial Administration, the Minister of Decentralization and Social Cohesion.
Biography
Siméon Sawadogo was born in Sabcé, Bam Province. He earned a master's degree from University of Joseph Ki-Zerbo (present-day University of Ouagadougou). In 1982, he began his career in the public service as a teacher of primary schools. In 1994, he joined the Ministry of Territorial Administration as High Commissioner of the Oubritenga Province in Ziniaré, then of Sanmatenga Province in Kaya. From 1997 to 2007, he was elected a member of the National Assembly.On 20 February 2017, he was appointed the Minister of State for Territorial Administration. On 19 January 2019, he resigned together with other members of Thieba cabinet. On 24 January, he was appointed the Minister of State, Territorial Administration, the Minister of Decentralization and Social Cohesion.
Health
During the 2020 coronavirus outbreak, on 21 March, Sawadogo contracted the coronavirus.
== References ==
|
Commons category
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Siméon Sawadogo is a Burkinabé politician. He is currently the Minister of State, the Minister of Territorial Administration, the Minister of Decentralization and Social Cohesion.
Biography
Siméon Sawadogo was born in Sabcé, Bam Province. He earned a master's degree from University of Joseph Ki-Zerbo (present-day University of Ouagadougou). In 1982, he began his career in the public service as a teacher of primary schools. In 1994, he joined the Ministry of Territorial Administration as High Commissioner of the Oubritenga Province in Ziniaré, then of Sanmatenga Province in Kaya. From 1997 to 2007, he was elected a member of the National Assembly.On 20 February 2017, he was appointed the Minister of State for Territorial Administration. On 19 January 2019, he resigned together with other members of Thieba cabinet. On 24 January, he was appointed the Minister of State, Territorial Administration, the Minister of Decentralization and Social Cohesion.
Health
During the 2020 coronavirus outbreak, on 21 March, Sawadogo contracted the coronavirus.
== References ==
|
family name
|
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"Sawadogo"
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|
Siméon Sawadogo is a Burkinabé politician. He is currently the Minister of State, the Minister of Territorial Administration, the Minister of Decentralization and Social Cohesion.
Biography
Siméon Sawadogo was born in Sabcé, Bam Province. He earned a master's degree from University of Joseph Ki-Zerbo (present-day University of Ouagadougou). In 1982, he began his career in the public service as a teacher of primary schools. In 1994, he joined the Ministry of Territorial Administration as High Commissioner of the Oubritenga Province in Ziniaré, then of Sanmatenga Province in Kaya. From 1997 to 2007, he was elected a member of the National Assembly.On 20 February 2017, he was appointed the Minister of State for Territorial Administration. On 19 January 2019, he resigned together with other members of Thieba cabinet. On 24 January, he was appointed the Minister of State, Territorial Administration, the Minister of Decentralization and Social Cohesion.
Health
During the 2020 coronavirus outbreak, on 21 March, Sawadogo contracted the coronavirus.
== References ==
|
given name
|
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The Gloria Record was an American rock band from Austin, Texas, a side-project of former Mineral vocalist Chris Simpson and bassist Jeremy Gomez. The group was formed it in 1997, together with guitarist Brian Hubbard and drummer Matt Hammon. They released two EPs through Crank! A Record Company, a self-titled EP (1999) and A Lull in Traffic (2000), before issuing their debut album Start Here through Arena Rock Recording Company in 2002. While working on its follow-up, the group disbanded in May 2004.
History
After disbanding Mineral in 1997, frontman Chris Simpson and bassist Jeremy Gomez formed a new band. Guitarist Brian Hubbard and drummer Matt Hammon were brought into the fold sometime after. Hammon and Simpson were in a bar when the former asked "[W]hen are we going to get some songs together and do the Gloria record?" Instead of simply going with Gloria, Simpson opted for the Gloria Record as he felt it was a better name and less likely to confuse them with a Latin-American singer of the same name. A friend of the band's was in contact with Crank! A Record Company founder Jeff Matlow, who asked him if any new artists needed a label. When he got the band's 7" single, he called and offered to work with them. The self-titled EP was released on Crank! in November 1998. It was met with favorable reviews; the release was viewed as a continuation of Mineral, and drew comparisons to Sunny Day Real Estate and Radiohead. Later that year, Ben Houtman joined the group on piano/organ. Various US tours followed, and in 1999, Brian Malone replaced Hammon on drums.Another EP, A Lull in Traffic, was released on Crank! in May 2000. It received favorable reviews, and saw the band toy with Pink Floyd-esque experimentation, earning a comparison to Radiohead. They released their debut studio album, Start Here in April 2002 through the Arena Rock Recording Co. label. It was recorded over many months in 2000-2001, and produced by Mike Mogis) at his Presto recording studio in Lincoln, Nebraska. It received generally favorable reviews; it saw the group moved away from their emo roots into an indie rock sound. It incorporated influences from U2 and R.E.M. and drew comparisons to How It Feels to Be Something On (1998) by Sunny Day Real Estate. Andrew Sacher of BrooklynVegan wrote that the album "seamlessly fus[es] elements of prog, psych, and baroque pop and mixing synthetic sounds with acoustic ones in a way that was totally modern". On May 26, 2004, the Gloria Record announced they would be breaking up. They had been working on their second album since July 2003, however, the sessions progressed slowly. Gomez and Hubbard went on to perform with Austin's The Glass Family and Chris Simpson pursuing solo projects under the name Zookeeper. UK label Big Scary Monsters released a 20th anniversary reissue of A Lull in Traffic in July 2020.
Members
Chris Simpson – vocals and guitar (1997-2004)
Ben Houtman – keyboards (1998-2004)
Jeremy Gomez – bass (1997-2004)
Brian Malone – drums (1999-2004)
Brian Hubbard - guitar (1997-2004)
Matt Hammon - drums (1997-1998)
Jeremy Tappero - drums (1998-1999)
Discography
Studio albums
Extended plays
Singles
Other appearances
Related projects
Attention - Jeremy Tappero
Gratitude - Jeremy Tappero
Mineral - Chris Simpson, Jeremy Gomez
The Stereo - Jeremy Tappero
Zookeeper - Chris Simpson, Ben Houtman, Jeremy Gomez
The Glass Family - Jeremy Gomez, Brian Hubbard
Booher and the Turkeyz - Ben Houtman
Ovenbirds - Jeremy Gomez, Brian Hubbard, Ben Houtman
SWISS - Brian Malone, Brian Hubbard, Chris Simpson, Jeremy Gomez, Ben Houtman
House and Parish - Brian Malone
Suburban Eyes - Jeremy Gomez, Eric Richter, John Anderson
References
External links
The Gloria Record's bio on their original label, Crank Records
Gloria Record lyrics from first two EPs
|
genre
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The Gloria Record was an American rock band from Austin, Texas, a side-project of former Mineral vocalist Chris Simpson and bassist Jeremy Gomez. The group was formed it in 1997, together with guitarist Brian Hubbard and drummer Matt Hammon. They released two EPs through Crank! A Record Company, a self-titled EP (1999) and A Lull in Traffic (2000), before issuing their debut album Start Here through Arena Rock Recording Company in 2002. While working on its follow-up, the group disbanded in May 2004.
History
After disbanding Mineral in 1997, frontman Chris Simpson and bassist Jeremy Gomez formed a new band. Guitarist Brian Hubbard and drummer Matt Hammon were brought into the fold sometime after. Hammon and Simpson were in a bar when the former asked "[W]hen are we going to get some songs together and do the Gloria record?" Instead of simply going with Gloria, Simpson opted for the Gloria Record as he felt it was a better name and less likely to confuse them with a Latin-American singer of the same name. A friend of the band's was in contact with Crank! A Record Company founder Jeff Matlow, who asked him if any new artists needed a label. When he got the band's 7" single, he called and offered to work with them. The self-titled EP was released on Crank! in November 1998. It was met with favorable reviews; the release was viewed as a continuation of Mineral, and drew comparisons to Sunny Day Real Estate and Radiohead. Later that year, Ben Houtman joined the group on piano/organ. Various US tours followed, and in 1999, Brian Malone replaced Hammon on drums.Another EP, A Lull in Traffic, was released on Crank! in May 2000. It received favorable reviews, and saw the band toy with Pink Floyd-esque experimentation, earning a comparison to Radiohead. They released their debut studio album, Start Here in April 2002 through the Arena Rock Recording Co. label. It was recorded over many months in 2000-2001, and produced by Mike Mogis) at his Presto recording studio in Lincoln, Nebraska. It received generally favorable reviews; it saw the group moved away from their emo roots into an indie rock sound. It incorporated influences from U2 and R.E.M. and drew comparisons to How It Feels to Be Something On (1998) by Sunny Day Real Estate. Andrew Sacher of BrooklynVegan wrote that the album "seamlessly fus[es] elements of prog, psych, and baroque pop and mixing synthetic sounds with acoustic ones in a way that was totally modern". On May 26, 2004, the Gloria Record announced they would be breaking up. They had been working on their second album since July 2003, however, the sessions progressed slowly. Gomez and Hubbard went on to perform with Austin's The Glass Family and Chris Simpson pursuing solo projects under the name Zookeeper. UK label Big Scary Monsters released a 20th anniversary reissue of A Lull in Traffic in July 2020.
Members
Chris Simpson – vocals and guitar (1997-2004)
Ben Houtman – keyboards (1998-2004)
Jeremy Gomez – bass (1997-2004)
Brian Malone – drums (1999-2004)
Brian Hubbard - guitar (1997-2004)
Matt Hammon - drums (1997-1998)
Jeremy Tappero - drums (1998-1999)
Discography
Studio albums
Extended plays
Singles
Other appearances
Related projects
Attention - Jeremy Tappero
Gratitude - Jeremy Tappero
Mineral - Chris Simpson, Jeremy Gomez
The Stereo - Jeremy Tappero
Zookeeper - Chris Simpson, Ben Houtman, Jeremy Gomez
The Glass Family - Jeremy Gomez, Brian Hubbard
Booher and the Turkeyz - Ben Houtman
Ovenbirds - Jeremy Gomez, Brian Hubbard, Ben Houtman
SWISS - Brian Malone, Brian Hubbard, Chris Simpson, Jeremy Gomez, Ben Houtman
House and Parish - Brian Malone
Suburban Eyes - Jeremy Gomez, Eric Richter, John Anderson
References
External links
The Gloria Record's bio on their original label, Crank Records
Gloria Record lyrics from first two EPs
|
record label
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The Gloria Record was an American rock band from Austin, Texas, a side-project of former Mineral vocalist Chris Simpson and bassist Jeremy Gomez. The group was formed it in 1997, together with guitarist Brian Hubbard and drummer Matt Hammon. They released two EPs through Crank! A Record Company, a self-titled EP (1999) and A Lull in Traffic (2000), before issuing their debut album Start Here through Arena Rock Recording Company in 2002. While working on its follow-up, the group disbanded in May 2004.
History
After disbanding Mineral in 1997, frontman Chris Simpson and bassist Jeremy Gomez formed a new band. Guitarist Brian Hubbard and drummer Matt Hammon were brought into the fold sometime after. Hammon and Simpson were in a bar when the former asked "[W]hen are we going to get some songs together and do the Gloria record?" Instead of simply going with Gloria, Simpson opted for the Gloria Record as he felt it was a better name and less likely to confuse them with a Latin-American singer of the same name. A friend of the band's was in contact with Crank! A Record Company founder Jeff Matlow, who asked him if any new artists needed a label. When he got the band's 7" single, he called and offered to work with them. The self-titled EP was released on Crank! in November 1998. It was met with favorable reviews; the release was viewed as a continuation of Mineral, and drew comparisons to Sunny Day Real Estate and Radiohead. Later that year, Ben Houtman joined the group on piano/organ. Various US tours followed, and in 1999, Brian Malone replaced Hammon on drums.Another EP, A Lull in Traffic, was released on Crank! in May 2000. It received favorable reviews, and saw the band toy with Pink Floyd-esque experimentation, earning a comparison to Radiohead. They released their debut studio album, Start Here in April 2002 through the Arena Rock Recording Co. label. It was recorded over many months in 2000-2001, and produced by Mike Mogis) at his Presto recording studio in Lincoln, Nebraska. It received generally favorable reviews; it saw the group moved away from their emo roots into an indie rock sound. It incorporated influences from U2 and R.E.M. and drew comparisons to How It Feels to Be Something On (1998) by Sunny Day Real Estate. Andrew Sacher of BrooklynVegan wrote that the album "seamlessly fus[es] elements of prog, psych, and baroque pop and mixing synthetic sounds with acoustic ones in a way that was totally modern". On May 26, 2004, the Gloria Record announced they would be breaking up. They had been working on their second album since July 2003, however, the sessions progressed slowly. Gomez and Hubbard went on to perform with Austin's The Glass Family and Chris Simpson pursuing solo projects under the name Zookeeper. UK label Big Scary Monsters released a 20th anniversary reissue of A Lull in Traffic in July 2020.
Members
Chris Simpson – vocals and guitar (1997-2004)
Ben Houtman – keyboards (1998-2004)
Jeremy Gomez – bass (1997-2004)
Brian Malone – drums (1999-2004)
Brian Hubbard - guitar (1997-2004)
Matt Hammon - drums (1997-1998)
Jeremy Tappero - drums (1998-1999)
Discography
Studio albums
Extended plays
Singles
Other appearances
Related projects
Attention - Jeremy Tappero
Gratitude - Jeremy Tappero
Mineral - Chris Simpson, Jeremy Gomez
The Stereo - Jeremy Tappero
Zookeeper - Chris Simpson, Ben Houtman, Jeremy Gomez
The Glass Family - Jeremy Gomez, Brian Hubbard
Booher and the Turkeyz - Ben Houtman
Ovenbirds - Jeremy Gomez, Brian Hubbard, Ben Houtman
SWISS - Brian Malone, Brian Hubbard, Chris Simpson, Jeremy Gomez, Ben Houtman
House and Parish - Brian Malone
Suburban Eyes - Jeremy Gomez, Eric Richter, John Anderson
References
External links
The Gloria Record's bio on their original label, Crank Records
Gloria Record lyrics from first two EPs
|
location of formation
|
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Harry Humes (born June 5, 1935, in Girardville, Pennsylvania) is an American poet, short-story writer, professor, and editor.
Life
He joined the army in 1958. He graduated from Bloomsburg State College in 1964, and the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, with a Master of Fine Arts in 1967. He taught at Kutztown University, from 1968 to 1999.His work has appeared in West Branch, Antaeus, Gettysburg Review, Massachusetts Review, Poetry, Poetry Northwest, Prairie Schooner, Tar River Poetry, and The Virginia Quarterly Review. He also was editor of Yarrow and Stone Country Poetry Journal. His first poetry collection, Winter Weeds, was published in his 40s, in 1983.
Awards
Devins Award, from the University of Missouri Press
Theodore Roethke Poetry Prize, Poetry Northwest
1998 National Poetry Series, for Butterfly Effect
1990 National Endowment for the Arts Poetry Fellowship
Pennsylvania Council on the Arts grants
2007 Keystone Chapbook Competition, for “Underground Singing”
Works
Man with a Yellow Pail Archived 2009-06-10 at the Wayback Machine, Greensboro Review, Spring 2005]
Flocking Archived 2010-07-15 at the Wayback Machine, Beloit Poetry Journal
Winter Weeds. Columbia: University of Missouri Press. 1983. ISBN 978-0-8262-0387-8.
Robbing the Pillars. Adastra Press. 1984. ISBN 978-0-938566-20-5.
Throwing away the compass: poems. Silverfish Review. 1986. ISBN 978-0-9610508-5-6.
Ridge Music. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 1987. ISBN 978-0-938626-97-8.
Way Winter Works. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 1990. ISBN 978-1-55728-160-9.
Evening in the small park. Owl Creek Press. 1992. ISBN 978-0-937669-46-4.
Bottomland. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 1995. ISBN 978-1-55728-380-1.
Gorse Cottage Poems. Banshee Press. 1998. ISBN 978-1-928823-00-1.
Butterfly Effect. Minneapolis: Milkweed Editions. 1999. ISBN 978-1-57131-408-6.
August Evening with Trumpet. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 2004. ISBN 978-1-55728-774-8.
Tent sleep: poems. Two Rivers Review. 2003. ISBN 978-0-9744584-1-0. (chapbook)
Pennsylvania Coal Town: The Girardville Poems. Kutztown: Moonpenny Press. 2004. ISBN 978-0-9758517-0-8. (chapbook)
Ron Mohring, ed. (2007). Underground Singing. Seven Kitchens Press. ISBN 978-0-9820372-0-1.
Anthologies
Jerome H. Stern, ed. (1996). "The Cough". Micro fiction: an anthology of really short stories. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-393-03968-9. Harry Humes.
James Tate; David Lehman, eds. (1997). "The Butterfly Effect". The Best American Poetry 1997. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-81452-0.
Ronald Wallace, ed. (1989). "The Man Who Carves Whales". Vital signs: contemporary American poetry from the university presses. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 116. ISBN 978-0-299-12160-0. Harry Humes.
References
External links
"Harry Humes' Girardville Poems". Schuylkill Living. Spring 2005. Archived from the original on 2008-05-13.
|
place of birth
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Harry Humes (born June 5, 1935, in Girardville, Pennsylvania) is an American poet, short-story writer, professor, and editor.
Life
He joined the army in 1958. He graduated from Bloomsburg State College in 1964, and the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, with a Master of Fine Arts in 1967. He taught at Kutztown University, from 1968 to 1999.His work has appeared in West Branch, Antaeus, Gettysburg Review, Massachusetts Review, Poetry, Poetry Northwest, Prairie Schooner, Tar River Poetry, and The Virginia Quarterly Review. He also was editor of Yarrow and Stone Country Poetry Journal. His first poetry collection, Winter Weeds, was published in his 40s, in 1983.
Awards
Devins Award, from the University of Missouri Press
Theodore Roethke Poetry Prize, Poetry Northwest
1998 National Poetry Series, for Butterfly Effect
1990 National Endowment for the Arts Poetry Fellowship
Pennsylvania Council on the Arts grants
2007 Keystone Chapbook Competition, for “Underground Singing”
Works
Man with a Yellow Pail Archived 2009-06-10 at the Wayback Machine, Greensboro Review, Spring 2005]
Flocking Archived 2010-07-15 at the Wayback Machine, Beloit Poetry Journal
Winter Weeds. Columbia: University of Missouri Press. 1983. ISBN 978-0-8262-0387-8.
Robbing the Pillars. Adastra Press. 1984. ISBN 978-0-938566-20-5.
Throwing away the compass: poems. Silverfish Review. 1986. ISBN 978-0-9610508-5-6.
Ridge Music. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 1987. ISBN 978-0-938626-97-8.
Way Winter Works. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 1990. ISBN 978-1-55728-160-9.
Evening in the small park. Owl Creek Press. 1992. ISBN 978-0-937669-46-4.
Bottomland. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 1995. ISBN 978-1-55728-380-1.
Gorse Cottage Poems. Banshee Press. 1998. ISBN 978-1-928823-00-1.
Butterfly Effect. Minneapolis: Milkweed Editions. 1999. ISBN 978-1-57131-408-6.
August Evening with Trumpet. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 2004. ISBN 978-1-55728-774-8.
Tent sleep: poems. Two Rivers Review. 2003. ISBN 978-0-9744584-1-0. (chapbook)
Pennsylvania Coal Town: The Girardville Poems. Kutztown: Moonpenny Press. 2004. ISBN 978-0-9758517-0-8. (chapbook)
Ron Mohring, ed. (2007). Underground Singing. Seven Kitchens Press. ISBN 978-0-9820372-0-1.
Anthologies
Jerome H. Stern, ed. (1996). "The Cough". Micro fiction: an anthology of really short stories. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-393-03968-9. Harry Humes.
James Tate; David Lehman, eds. (1997). "The Butterfly Effect". The Best American Poetry 1997. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-81452-0.
Ronald Wallace, ed. (1989). "The Man Who Carves Whales". Vital signs: contemporary American poetry from the university presses. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 116. ISBN 978-0-299-12160-0. Harry Humes.
References
External links
"Harry Humes' Girardville Poems". Schuylkill Living. Spring 2005. Archived from the original on 2008-05-13.
|
educated at
|
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"answer_start": [
220
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"text": [
"University of North Carolina at Greensboro"
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Harry Humes (born June 5, 1935, in Girardville, Pennsylvania) is an American poet, short-story writer, professor, and editor.
Life
He joined the army in 1958. He graduated from Bloomsburg State College in 1964, and the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, with a Master of Fine Arts in 1967. He taught at Kutztown University, from 1968 to 1999.His work has appeared in West Branch, Antaeus, Gettysburg Review, Massachusetts Review, Poetry, Poetry Northwest, Prairie Schooner, Tar River Poetry, and The Virginia Quarterly Review. He also was editor of Yarrow and Stone Country Poetry Journal. His first poetry collection, Winter Weeds, was published in his 40s, in 1983.
Awards
Devins Award, from the University of Missouri Press
Theodore Roethke Poetry Prize, Poetry Northwest
1998 National Poetry Series, for Butterfly Effect
1990 National Endowment for the Arts Poetry Fellowship
Pennsylvania Council on the Arts grants
2007 Keystone Chapbook Competition, for “Underground Singing”
Works
Man with a Yellow Pail Archived 2009-06-10 at the Wayback Machine, Greensboro Review, Spring 2005]
Flocking Archived 2010-07-15 at the Wayback Machine, Beloit Poetry Journal
Winter Weeds. Columbia: University of Missouri Press. 1983. ISBN 978-0-8262-0387-8.
Robbing the Pillars. Adastra Press. 1984. ISBN 978-0-938566-20-5.
Throwing away the compass: poems. Silverfish Review. 1986. ISBN 978-0-9610508-5-6.
Ridge Music. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 1987. ISBN 978-0-938626-97-8.
Way Winter Works. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 1990. ISBN 978-1-55728-160-9.
Evening in the small park. Owl Creek Press. 1992. ISBN 978-0-937669-46-4.
Bottomland. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 1995. ISBN 978-1-55728-380-1.
Gorse Cottage Poems. Banshee Press. 1998. ISBN 978-1-928823-00-1.
Butterfly Effect. Minneapolis: Milkweed Editions. 1999. ISBN 978-1-57131-408-6.
August Evening with Trumpet. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 2004. ISBN 978-1-55728-774-8.
Tent sleep: poems. Two Rivers Review. 2003. ISBN 978-0-9744584-1-0. (chapbook)
Pennsylvania Coal Town: The Girardville Poems. Kutztown: Moonpenny Press. 2004. ISBN 978-0-9758517-0-8. (chapbook)
Ron Mohring, ed. (2007). Underground Singing. Seven Kitchens Press. ISBN 978-0-9820372-0-1.
Anthologies
Jerome H. Stern, ed. (1996). "The Cough". Micro fiction: an anthology of really short stories. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-393-03968-9. Harry Humes.
James Tate; David Lehman, eds. (1997). "The Butterfly Effect". The Best American Poetry 1997. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-81452-0.
Ronald Wallace, ed. (1989). "The Man Who Carves Whales". Vital signs: contemporary American poetry from the university presses. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 116. ISBN 978-0-299-12160-0. Harry Humes.
References
External links
"Harry Humes' Girardville Poems". Schuylkill Living. Spring 2005. Archived from the original on 2008-05-13.
|
occupation
|
{
"answer_start": [
77
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"text": [
"poet"
]
}
|
Harry Humes (born June 5, 1935, in Girardville, Pennsylvania) is an American poet, short-story writer, professor, and editor.
Life
He joined the army in 1958. He graduated from Bloomsburg State College in 1964, and the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, with a Master of Fine Arts in 1967. He taught at Kutztown University, from 1968 to 1999.His work has appeared in West Branch, Antaeus, Gettysburg Review, Massachusetts Review, Poetry, Poetry Northwest, Prairie Schooner, Tar River Poetry, and The Virginia Quarterly Review. He also was editor of Yarrow and Stone Country Poetry Journal. His first poetry collection, Winter Weeds, was published in his 40s, in 1983.
Awards
Devins Award, from the University of Missouri Press
Theodore Roethke Poetry Prize, Poetry Northwest
1998 National Poetry Series, for Butterfly Effect
1990 National Endowment for the Arts Poetry Fellowship
Pennsylvania Council on the Arts grants
2007 Keystone Chapbook Competition, for “Underground Singing”
Works
Man with a Yellow Pail Archived 2009-06-10 at the Wayback Machine, Greensboro Review, Spring 2005]
Flocking Archived 2010-07-15 at the Wayback Machine, Beloit Poetry Journal
Winter Weeds. Columbia: University of Missouri Press. 1983. ISBN 978-0-8262-0387-8.
Robbing the Pillars. Adastra Press. 1984. ISBN 978-0-938566-20-5.
Throwing away the compass: poems. Silverfish Review. 1986. ISBN 978-0-9610508-5-6.
Ridge Music. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 1987. ISBN 978-0-938626-97-8.
Way Winter Works. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 1990. ISBN 978-1-55728-160-9.
Evening in the small park. Owl Creek Press. 1992. ISBN 978-0-937669-46-4.
Bottomland. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 1995. ISBN 978-1-55728-380-1.
Gorse Cottage Poems. Banshee Press. 1998. ISBN 978-1-928823-00-1.
Butterfly Effect. Minneapolis: Milkweed Editions. 1999. ISBN 978-1-57131-408-6.
August Evening with Trumpet. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 2004. ISBN 978-1-55728-774-8.
Tent sleep: poems. Two Rivers Review. 2003. ISBN 978-0-9744584-1-0. (chapbook)
Pennsylvania Coal Town: The Girardville Poems. Kutztown: Moonpenny Press. 2004. ISBN 978-0-9758517-0-8. (chapbook)
Ron Mohring, ed. (2007). Underground Singing. Seven Kitchens Press. ISBN 978-0-9820372-0-1.
Anthologies
Jerome H. Stern, ed. (1996). "The Cough". Micro fiction: an anthology of really short stories. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-393-03968-9. Harry Humes.
James Tate; David Lehman, eds. (1997). "The Butterfly Effect". The Best American Poetry 1997. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-81452-0.
Ronald Wallace, ed. (1989). "The Man Who Carves Whales". Vital signs: contemporary American poetry from the university presses. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 116. ISBN 978-0-299-12160-0. Harry Humes.
References
External links
"Harry Humes' Girardville Poems". Schuylkill Living. Spring 2005. Archived from the original on 2008-05-13.
|
family name
|
{
"answer_start": [
6
],
"text": [
"Humes"
]
}
|
Harry Humes (born June 5, 1935, in Girardville, Pennsylvania) is an American poet, short-story writer, professor, and editor.
Life
He joined the army in 1958. He graduated from Bloomsburg State College in 1964, and the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, with a Master of Fine Arts in 1967. He taught at Kutztown University, from 1968 to 1999.His work has appeared in West Branch, Antaeus, Gettysburg Review, Massachusetts Review, Poetry, Poetry Northwest, Prairie Schooner, Tar River Poetry, and The Virginia Quarterly Review. He also was editor of Yarrow and Stone Country Poetry Journal. His first poetry collection, Winter Weeds, was published in his 40s, in 1983.
Awards
Devins Award, from the University of Missouri Press
Theodore Roethke Poetry Prize, Poetry Northwest
1998 National Poetry Series, for Butterfly Effect
1990 National Endowment for the Arts Poetry Fellowship
Pennsylvania Council on the Arts grants
2007 Keystone Chapbook Competition, for “Underground Singing”
Works
Man with a Yellow Pail Archived 2009-06-10 at the Wayback Machine, Greensboro Review, Spring 2005]
Flocking Archived 2010-07-15 at the Wayback Machine, Beloit Poetry Journal
Winter Weeds. Columbia: University of Missouri Press. 1983. ISBN 978-0-8262-0387-8.
Robbing the Pillars. Adastra Press. 1984. ISBN 978-0-938566-20-5.
Throwing away the compass: poems. Silverfish Review. 1986. ISBN 978-0-9610508-5-6.
Ridge Music. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 1987. ISBN 978-0-938626-97-8.
Way Winter Works. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 1990. ISBN 978-1-55728-160-9.
Evening in the small park. Owl Creek Press. 1992. ISBN 978-0-937669-46-4.
Bottomland. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 1995. ISBN 978-1-55728-380-1.
Gorse Cottage Poems. Banshee Press. 1998. ISBN 978-1-928823-00-1.
Butterfly Effect. Minneapolis: Milkweed Editions. 1999. ISBN 978-1-57131-408-6.
August Evening with Trumpet. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. 2004. ISBN 978-1-55728-774-8.
Tent sleep: poems. Two Rivers Review. 2003. ISBN 978-0-9744584-1-0. (chapbook)
Pennsylvania Coal Town: The Girardville Poems. Kutztown: Moonpenny Press. 2004. ISBN 978-0-9758517-0-8. (chapbook)
Ron Mohring, ed. (2007). Underground Singing. Seven Kitchens Press. ISBN 978-0-9820372-0-1.
Anthologies
Jerome H. Stern, ed. (1996). "The Cough". Micro fiction: an anthology of really short stories. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-393-03968-9. Harry Humes.
James Tate; David Lehman, eds. (1997). "The Butterfly Effect". The Best American Poetry 1997. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-81452-0.
Ronald Wallace, ed. (1989). "The Man Who Carves Whales". Vital signs: contemporary American poetry from the university presses. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 116. ISBN 978-0-299-12160-0. Harry Humes.
References
External links
"Harry Humes' Girardville Poems". Schuylkill Living. Spring 2005. Archived from the original on 2008-05-13.
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Harry"
]
}
|
The Casio PB-1000 is a handheld computer released by Casio in 1987. It featured a touchscreen display which consisted of 16 keys built into the screen, arranged in fixed positions on a four by four matrix.
The computer itself included 8Kb of RAM and it was possible to install a 32Kb memory expansion card.
The PB-1000 was programmable in both a custom version of the BASIC language and an assembly language. A ROM card could be added for CASL assembly for the educational COMET simulator.
See also
Casio calculator character sets
External links
Casio PB-1000 J.Roa blog projects
Casio PB-1000 Home Page
PB-1000 emulator for Windows
Pocket Computing: PB-1000
[1]
Love-Love PB-1000 homepage
Obsolete Computer Museum: Casio PB-1000
[2]
Casio PB-1000 page at www.old-computers.com
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
|
manufacturer
|
{
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"Casio"
]
}
|
The Casio PB-1000 is a handheld computer released by Casio in 1987. It featured a touchscreen display which consisted of 16 keys built into the screen, arranged in fixed positions on a four by four matrix.
The computer itself included 8Kb of RAM and it was possible to install a 32Kb memory expansion card.
The PB-1000 was programmable in both a custom version of the BASIC language and an assembly language. A ROM card could be added for CASL assembly for the educational COMET simulator.
See also
Casio calculator character sets
External links
Casio PB-1000 J.Roa blog projects
Casio PB-1000 Home Page
PB-1000 emulator for Windows
Pocket Computing: PB-1000
[1]
Love-Love PB-1000 homepage
Obsolete Computer Museum: Casio PB-1000
[2]
Casio PB-1000 page at www.old-computers.com
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"Casio PB-1000"
]
}
|
The Raška District (Serbian: Рашки округ / Raški okrug, pronounced [râʃkiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of eight administrative districts of Šumadija and Western Serbia. It expands to the south-western part of the country. As of 2022 census, the district has a population of 296,532 inhabitants. The administrative center of the Raška district is Kraljevo.
Municipalities
The district encompasses the municipalities of:
Kraljevo
Vrnjačka Banja
Raška
Novi Pazar
Tutin
Demographics
According to the census results from 2011, the Raška District has 309,258 inhabitants. 53.2% of the population lives in the urban areas. Ethnic composition of the district: As of 2022 census, the district has a population of 296,532 inhabitants.
Ethnic groups
Society and culture
Culture
At the outskirts of Kraljevo stands the Žiča monastery. This spiritual center of the Serbian medieval state was built around 1220, to become also the center of newly founded Serbian Arch-episcopacy.
The Studenica monastery was built in the late twelfth century, as the endowment of the Serb ruler Stefan Nemanja, who endowed it richly with the icons and books. After he had become a monk and left for Serbian Hilandar on the Mt. Athos, his older son Stefan, later named the "First-Crowned", took his place in taking care over the monastery. In the vicinity of Novi Pazar stands the Sopoćani monastery, built around 1260 as the endowment of King Stefan Uros I, the son of King Stephen the First-Crowned. The primary and major value of the Sopoćani monastery are its frescoes, by which it ranks among the best examples of the European medieval painting.
Education
There are three universities located in the Raška District:
PublicState University of Novi Pazar, founded in 2006
University of Kragujevac - there are two faculties of the university that are located in the municipalities of Kraljevo and Vrnjačka Banja
Faculty of Mechanical and Civil Engineering in Kraljevo
Faculty of Hotel Management and Tourism in Vrnjačka BanjaPrivateInternational University of Novi Pazar, founded in 2002
See also
Administrative divisions of Serbia
Districts of Serbia
References
Note: All official material made by Government of Serbia is public by law. Information was taken from www.srbija.gov.rs.
External links
Official website
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
20
],
"text": [
"Serbia"
]
}
|
The Raška District (Serbian: Рашки округ / Raški okrug, pronounced [râʃkiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of eight administrative districts of Šumadija and Western Serbia. It expands to the south-western part of the country. As of 2022 census, the district has a population of 296,532 inhabitants. The administrative center of the Raška district is Kraljevo.
Municipalities
The district encompasses the municipalities of:
Kraljevo
Vrnjačka Banja
Raška
Novi Pazar
Tutin
Demographics
According to the census results from 2011, the Raška District has 309,258 inhabitants. 53.2% of the population lives in the urban areas. Ethnic composition of the district: As of 2022 census, the district has a population of 296,532 inhabitants.
Ethnic groups
Society and culture
Culture
At the outskirts of Kraljevo stands the Žiča monastery. This spiritual center of the Serbian medieval state was built around 1220, to become also the center of newly founded Serbian Arch-episcopacy.
The Studenica monastery was built in the late twelfth century, as the endowment of the Serb ruler Stefan Nemanja, who endowed it richly with the icons and books. After he had become a monk and left for Serbian Hilandar on the Mt. Athos, his older son Stefan, later named the "First-Crowned", took his place in taking care over the monastery. In the vicinity of Novi Pazar stands the Sopoćani monastery, built around 1260 as the endowment of King Stefan Uros I, the son of King Stephen the First-Crowned. The primary and major value of the Sopoćani monastery are its frescoes, by which it ranks among the best examples of the European medieval painting.
Education
There are three universities located in the Raška District:
PublicState University of Novi Pazar, founded in 2006
University of Kragujevac - there are two faculties of the university that are located in the municipalities of Kraljevo and Vrnjačka Banja
Faculty of Mechanical and Civil Engineering in Kraljevo
Faculty of Hotel Management and Tourism in Vrnjačka BanjaPrivateInternational University of Novi Pazar, founded in 2002
See also
Administrative divisions of Serbia
Districts of Serbia
References
Note: All official material made by Government of Serbia is public by law. Information was taken from www.srbija.gov.rs.
External links
Official website
|
capital
|
{
"answer_start": [
334
],
"text": [
"Kraljevo"
]
}
|
The Raška District (Serbian: Рашки округ / Raški okrug, pronounced [râʃkiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of eight administrative districts of Šumadija and Western Serbia. It expands to the south-western part of the country. As of 2022 census, the district has a population of 296,532 inhabitants. The administrative center of the Raška district is Kraljevo.
Municipalities
The district encompasses the municipalities of:
Kraljevo
Vrnjačka Banja
Raška
Novi Pazar
Tutin
Demographics
According to the census results from 2011, the Raška District has 309,258 inhabitants. 53.2% of the population lives in the urban areas. Ethnic composition of the district: As of 2022 census, the district has a population of 296,532 inhabitants.
Ethnic groups
Society and culture
Culture
At the outskirts of Kraljevo stands the Žiča monastery. This spiritual center of the Serbian medieval state was built around 1220, to become also the center of newly founded Serbian Arch-episcopacy.
The Studenica monastery was built in the late twelfth century, as the endowment of the Serb ruler Stefan Nemanja, who endowed it richly with the icons and books. After he had become a monk and left for Serbian Hilandar on the Mt. Athos, his older son Stefan, later named the "First-Crowned", took his place in taking care over the monastery. In the vicinity of Novi Pazar stands the Sopoćani monastery, built around 1260 as the endowment of King Stefan Uros I, the son of King Stephen the First-Crowned. The primary and major value of the Sopoćani monastery are its frescoes, by which it ranks among the best examples of the European medieval painting.
Education
There are three universities located in the Raška District:
PublicState University of Novi Pazar, founded in 2006
University of Kragujevac - there are two faculties of the university that are located in the municipalities of Kraljevo and Vrnjačka Banja
Faculty of Mechanical and Civil Engineering in Kraljevo
Faculty of Hotel Management and Tourism in Vrnjačka BanjaPrivateInternational University of Novi Pazar, founded in 2002
See also
Administrative divisions of Serbia
Districts of Serbia
References
Note: All official material made by Government of Serbia is public by law. Information was taken from www.srbija.gov.rs.
External links
Official website
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
20
],
"text": [
"Serbia"
]
}
|
The Raška District (Serbian: Рашки округ / Raški okrug, pronounced [râʃkiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of eight administrative districts of Šumadija and Western Serbia. It expands to the south-western part of the country. As of 2022 census, the district has a population of 296,532 inhabitants. The administrative center of the Raška district is Kraljevo.
Municipalities
The district encompasses the municipalities of:
Kraljevo
Vrnjačka Banja
Raška
Novi Pazar
Tutin
Demographics
According to the census results from 2011, the Raška District has 309,258 inhabitants. 53.2% of the population lives in the urban areas. Ethnic composition of the district: As of 2022 census, the district has a population of 296,532 inhabitants.
Ethnic groups
Society and culture
Culture
At the outskirts of Kraljevo stands the Žiča monastery. This spiritual center of the Serbian medieval state was built around 1220, to become also the center of newly founded Serbian Arch-episcopacy.
The Studenica monastery was built in the late twelfth century, as the endowment of the Serb ruler Stefan Nemanja, who endowed it richly with the icons and books. After he had become a monk and left for Serbian Hilandar on the Mt. Athos, his older son Stefan, later named the "First-Crowned", took his place in taking care over the monastery. In the vicinity of Novi Pazar stands the Sopoćani monastery, built around 1260 as the endowment of King Stefan Uros I, the son of King Stephen the First-Crowned. The primary and major value of the Sopoćani monastery are its frescoes, by which it ranks among the best examples of the European medieval painting.
Education
There are three universities located in the Raška District:
PublicState University of Novi Pazar, founded in 2006
University of Kragujevac - there are two faculties of the university that are located in the municipalities of Kraljevo and Vrnjačka Banja
Faculty of Mechanical and Civil Engineering in Kraljevo
Faculty of Hotel Management and Tourism in Vrnjačka BanjaPrivateInternational University of Novi Pazar, founded in 2002
See also
Administrative divisions of Serbia
Districts of Serbia
References
Note: All official material made by Government of Serbia is public by law. Information was taken from www.srbija.gov.rs.
External links
Official website
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"Raška District"
]
}
|
The Raška District (Serbian: Рашки округ / Raški okrug, pronounced [râʃkiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of eight administrative districts of Šumadija and Western Serbia. It expands to the south-western part of the country. As of 2022 census, the district has a population of 296,532 inhabitants. The administrative center of the Raška district is Kraljevo.
Municipalities
The district encompasses the municipalities of:
Kraljevo
Vrnjačka Banja
Raška
Novi Pazar
Tutin
Demographics
According to the census results from 2011, the Raška District has 309,258 inhabitants. 53.2% of the population lives in the urban areas. Ethnic composition of the district: As of 2022 census, the district has a population of 296,532 inhabitants.
Ethnic groups
Society and culture
Culture
At the outskirts of Kraljevo stands the Žiča monastery. This spiritual center of the Serbian medieval state was built around 1220, to become also the center of newly founded Serbian Arch-episcopacy.
The Studenica monastery was built in the late twelfth century, as the endowment of the Serb ruler Stefan Nemanja, who endowed it richly with the icons and books. After he had become a monk and left for Serbian Hilandar on the Mt. Athos, his older son Stefan, later named the "First-Crowned", took his place in taking care over the monastery. In the vicinity of Novi Pazar stands the Sopoćani monastery, built around 1260 as the endowment of King Stefan Uros I, the son of King Stephen the First-Crowned. The primary and major value of the Sopoćani monastery are its frescoes, by which it ranks among the best examples of the European medieval painting.
Education
There are three universities located in the Raška District:
PublicState University of Novi Pazar, founded in 2006
University of Kragujevac - there are two faculties of the university that are located in the municipalities of Kraljevo and Vrnjačka Banja
Faculty of Mechanical and Civil Engineering in Kraljevo
Faculty of Hotel Management and Tourism in Vrnjačka BanjaPrivateInternational University of Novi Pazar, founded in 2002
See also
Administrative divisions of Serbia
Districts of Serbia
References
Note: All official material made by Government of Serbia is public by law. Information was taken from www.srbija.gov.rs.
External links
Official website
|
local dialing code
|
{
"answer_start": [
216
],
"text": [
"20"
]
}
|
The Raška District (Serbian: Рашки округ / Raški okrug, pronounced [râʃkiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of eight administrative districts of Šumadija and Western Serbia. It expands to the south-western part of the country. As of 2022 census, the district has a population of 296,532 inhabitants. The administrative center of the Raška district is Kraljevo.
Municipalities
The district encompasses the municipalities of:
Kraljevo
Vrnjačka Banja
Raška
Novi Pazar
Tutin
Demographics
According to the census results from 2011, the Raška District has 309,258 inhabitants. 53.2% of the population lives in the urban areas. Ethnic composition of the district: As of 2022 census, the district has a population of 296,532 inhabitants.
Ethnic groups
Society and culture
Culture
At the outskirts of Kraljevo stands the Žiča monastery. This spiritual center of the Serbian medieval state was built around 1220, to become also the center of newly founded Serbian Arch-episcopacy.
The Studenica monastery was built in the late twelfth century, as the endowment of the Serb ruler Stefan Nemanja, who endowed it richly with the icons and books. After he had become a monk and left for Serbian Hilandar on the Mt. Athos, his older son Stefan, later named the "First-Crowned", took his place in taking care over the monastery. In the vicinity of Novi Pazar stands the Sopoćani monastery, built around 1260 as the endowment of King Stefan Uros I, the son of King Stephen the First-Crowned. The primary and major value of the Sopoćani monastery are its frescoes, by which it ranks among the best examples of the European medieval painting.
Education
There are three universities located in the Raška District:
PublicState University of Novi Pazar, founded in 2006
University of Kragujevac - there are two faculties of the university that are located in the municipalities of Kraljevo and Vrnjačka Banja
Faculty of Mechanical and Civil Engineering in Kraljevo
Faculty of Hotel Management and Tourism in Vrnjačka BanjaPrivateInternational University of Novi Pazar, founded in 2002
See also
Administrative divisions of Serbia
Districts of Serbia
References
Note: All official material made by Government of Serbia is public by law. Information was taken from www.srbija.gov.rs.
External links
Official website
|
native label
|
{
"answer_start": [
29
],
"text": [
"Рашки округ"
]
}
|
The Raška District (Serbian: Рашки округ / Raški okrug, pronounced [râʃkiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of eight administrative districts of Šumadija and Western Serbia. It expands to the south-western part of the country. As of 2022 census, the district has a population of 296,532 inhabitants. The administrative center of the Raška district is Kraljevo.
Municipalities
The district encompasses the municipalities of:
Kraljevo
Vrnjačka Banja
Raška
Novi Pazar
Tutin
Demographics
According to the census results from 2011, the Raška District has 309,258 inhabitants. 53.2% of the population lives in the urban areas. Ethnic composition of the district: As of 2022 census, the district has a population of 296,532 inhabitants.
Ethnic groups
Society and culture
Culture
At the outskirts of Kraljevo stands the Žiča monastery. This spiritual center of the Serbian medieval state was built around 1220, to become also the center of newly founded Serbian Arch-episcopacy.
The Studenica monastery was built in the late twelfth century, as the endowment of the Serb ruler Stefan Nemanja, who endowed it richly with the icons and books. After he had become a monk and left for Serbian Hilandar on the Mt. Athos, his older son Stefan, later named the "First-Crowned", took his place in taking care over the monastery. In the vicinity of Novi Pazar stands the Sopoćani monastery, built around 1260 as the endowment of King Stefan Uros I, the son of King Stephen the First-Crowned. The primary and major value of the Sopoćani monastery are its frescoes, by which it ranks among the best examples of the European medieval painting.
Education
There are three universities located in the Raška District:
PublicState University of Novi Pazar, founded in 2006
University of Kragujevac - there are two faculties of the university that are located in the municipalities of Kraljevo and Vrnjačka Banja
Faculty of Mechanical and Civil Engineering in Kraljevo
Faculty of Hotel Management and Tourism in Vrnjačka BanjaPrivateInternational University of Novi Pazar, founded in 2002
See also
Administrative divisions of Serbia
Districts of Serbia
References
Note: All official material made by Government of Serbia is public by law. Information was taken from www.srbija.gov.rs.
External links
Official website
|
located in statistical territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
128
],
"text": [
"Šumadija and Western Serbia"
]
}
|
Maximiano "Maxie" Vaz (1923 – 21 July 1991) was an Indian field hockey player who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
Maxie Vaz at Olympedia
Biography of Maxie Vaz
|
country of citizenship
|
{
"answer_start": [
51
],
"text": [
"India"
]
}
|
Maximiano "Maxie" Vaz (1923 – 21 July 1991) was an Indian field hockey player who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
Maxie Vaz at Olympedia
Biography of Maxie Vaz
|
occupation
|
{
"answer_start": [
58
],
"text": [
"field hockey player"
]
}
|
Maximiano "Maxie" Vaz (1923 – 21 July 1991) was an Indian field hockey player who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
Maxie Vaz at Olympedia
Biography of Maxie Vaz
|
sport
|
{
"answer_start": [
58
],
"text": [
"field hockey"
]
}
|
Maximiano "Maxie" Vaz (1923 – 21 July 1991) was an Indian field hockey player who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
Maxie Vaz at Olympedia
Biography of Maxie Vaz
|
family name
|
{
"answer_start": [
18
],
"text": [
"Vaz"
]
}
|
Maximiano "Maxie" Vaz (1923 – 21 July 1991) was an Indian field hockey player who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
Maxie Vaz at Olympedia
Biography of Maxie Vaz
|
participant in
|
{
"answer_start": [
98
],
"text": [
"1948 Summer Olympics"
]
}
|
Maximiano "Maxie" Vaz (1923 – 21 July 1991) was an Indian field hockey player who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
Maxie Vaz at Olympedia
Biography of Maxie Vaz
|
country for sport
|
{
"answer_start": [
51
],
"text": [
"India"
]
}
|
Maximiano "Maxie" Vaz (1923 – 21 July 1991) was an Indian field hockey player who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
Maxie Vaz at Olympedia
Biography of Maxie Vaz
|
name in native language
|
{
"answer_start": [
147
],
"text": [
"Maxie Vaz"
]
}
|
Hoseynabad-e Kordehha Rural District (Persian: دهستان حسینآباد کردها) is in the Central District of Aradan County, Semnan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Hoseynabad-e Kordehha.At the most recent National Census of 2016, the population of the rural district was 2,275 in 798 households. The largest of its 12 villages was Hoseynabad-e Kordehha, with 1,041 people.Prior to its formation, its constituent villages were in Yateri Rural District of the former Aradan District of Garmsar County.
== References ==
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
133
],
"text": [
"Iran"
]
}
|
Hoseynabad-e Kordehha Rural District (Persian: دهستان حسینآباد کردها) is in the Central District of Aradan County, Semnan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Hoseynabad-e Kordehha.At the most recent National Census of 2016, the population of the rural district was 2,275 in 798 households. The largest of its 12 villages was Hoseynabad-e Kordehha, with 1,041 people.Prior to its formation, its constituent villages were in Yateri Rural District of the former Aradan District of Garmsar County.
== References ==
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
81
],
"text": [
"Central District"
]
}
|
Ezgi Eyüboğlu (born 15 June 1988) is a Turkish actress.
Early life
Eyüboğlu was born on 15 June 1988 in İstanbul, Turkey as Ezgi Eyüboğlu. Her father is a banker, and her mother is a chemistry teacher. Her paternal grandfather's relatives are Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu and Sabahattin Eyüboğlu. Her maternal family is Albanian. After completing her graduation in Istanbul University, Department of Economics, she completed her master's degree in advanced acting in Bahçeşehir University.
Career
She started acting in 2010. She first acted in a few commercials. Then in 2011, she took a role in the TV series Kalbim Seni Seçti. Thus, she entered the acting completely. In 2012, she rose to prominence from the historical fiction series Muhteşem Yüzyıl, playing as the role of Aybige Hatun, a Crimean princess.Simultaneously, she had leading role of Zeynep in the series Sudan Bıkmış Balıklar. In 2013-2014, she played the role of Cemre Arsoy in the series İntikam adaptation of Revenge. In 2014 she starred in the period series Yasak based on novel and comedy crime Ulan Istanbul.In 2015, she portrayed the character of Kumsal Güçlu in the series Adı Mutluluk along with Ulan İstanbul's co-star Kaan Yıldırım. In 2017-2018, she depicted the character of Melike (Ahsen) in the historical fiction series Payitaht: Abdülhamid. In 2018, she portrayed the character of Çilek in the comedy film Yol Arkadaşım 2.She played in series "Bir Aile Hikayesi" adaptation of This is Us.
Personal life
On 14 May 2016, Eyüboğlu married Kaan Yıldırım in the Esma Sultan Mansion located in Ortaköy. However, the couple divorced on 26 June 2019.
Filmography
References
External links
Ezgi Eyüboğlu at IMDb
Ezgi Eyüboğlu on Instagram
|
languages spoken, written or signed
|
{
"answer_start": [
39
],
"text": [
"Turkish"
]
}
|
Ezgi Eyüboğlu (born 15 June 1988) is a Turkish actress.
Early life
Eyüboğlu was born on 15 June 1988 in İstanbul, Turkey as Ezgi Eyüboğlu. Her father is a banker, and her mother is a chemistry teacher. Her paternal grandfather's relatives are Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu and Sabahattin Eyüboğlu. Her maternal family is Albanian. After completing her graduation in Istanbul University, Department of Economics, she completed her master's degree in advanced acting in Bahçeşehir University.
Career
She started acting in 2010. She first acted in a few commercials. Then in 2011, she took a role in the TV series Kalbim Seni Seçti. Thus, she entered the acting completely. In 2012, she rose to prominence from the historical fiction series Muhteşem Yüzyıl, playing as the role of Aybige Hatun, a Crimean princess.Simultaneously, she had leading role of Zeynep in the series Sudan Bıkmış Balıklar. In 2013-2014, she played the role of Cemre Arsoy in the series İntikam adaptation of Revenge. In 2014 she starred in the period series Yasak based on novel and comedy crime Ulan Istanbul.In 2015, she portrayed the character of Kumsal Güçlu in the series Adı Mutluluk along with Ulan İstanbul's co-star Kaan Yıldırım. In 2017-2018, she depicted the character of Melike (Ahsen) in the historical fiction series Payitaht: Abdülhamid. In 2018, she portrayed the character of Çilek in the comedy film Yol Arkadaşım 2.She played in series "Bir Aile Hikayesi" adaptation of This is Us.
Personal life
On 14 May 2016, Eyüboğlu married Kaan Yıldırım in the Esma Sultan Mansion located in Ortaköy. However, the couple divorced on 26 June 2019.
Filmography
References
External links
Ezgi Eyüboğlu at IMDb
Ezgi Eyüboğlu on Instagram
|
name in native language
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Ezgi Eyüboğlu"
]
}
|
Ezgi Eyüboğlu (born 15 June 1988) is a Turkish actress.
Early life
Eyüboğlu was born on 15 June 1988 in İstanbul, Turkey as Ezgi Eyüboğlu. Her father is a banker, and her mother is a chemistry teacher. Her paternal grandfather's relatives are Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu and Sabahattin Eyüboğlu. Her maternal family is Albanian. After completing her graduation in Istanbul University, Department of Economics, she completed her master's degree in advanced acting in Bahçeşehir University.
Career
She started acting in 2010. She first acted in a few commercials. Then in 2011, she took a role in the TV series Kalbim Seni Seçti. Thus, she entered the acting completely. In 2012, she rose to prominence from the historical fiction series Muhteşem Yüzyıl, playing as the role of Aybige Hatun, a Crimean princess.Simultaneously, she had leading role of Zeynep in the series Sudan Bıkmış Balıklar. In 2013-2014, she played the role of Cemre Arsoy in the series İntikam adaptation of Revenge. In 2014 she starred in the period series Yasak based on novel and comedy crime Ulan Istanbul.In 2015, she portrayed the character of Kumsal Güçlu in the series Adı Mutluluk along with Ulan İstanbul's co-star Kaan Yıldırım. In 2017-2018, she depicted the character of Melike (Ahsen) in the historical fiction series Payitaht: Abdülhamid. In 2018, she portrayed the character of Çilek in the comedy film Yol Arkadaşım 2.She played in series "Bir Aile Hikayesi" adaptation of This is Us.
Personal life
On 14 May 2016, Eyüboğlu married Kaan Yıldırım in the Esma Sultan Mansion located in Ortaköy. However, the couple divorced on 26 June 2019.
Filmography
References
External links
Ezgi Eyüboğlu at IMDb
Ezgi Eyüboğlu on Instagram
|
place of birth
|
{
"answer_start": [
358
],
"text": [
"Istanbul"
]
}
|
Ezgi Eyüboğlu (born 15 June 1988) is a Turkish actress.
Early life
Eyüboğlu was born on 15 June 1988 in İstanbul, Turkey as Ezgi Eyüboğlu. Her father is a banker, and her mother is a chemistry teacher. Her paternal grandfather's relatives are Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu and Sabahattin Eyüboğlu. Her maternal family is Albanian. After completing her graduation in Istanbul University, Department of Economics, she completed her master's degree in advanced acting in Bahçeşehir University.
Career
She started acting in 2010. She first acted in a few commercials. Then in 2011, she took a role in the TV series Kalbim Seni Seçti. Thus, she entered the acting completely. In 2012, she rose to prominence from the historical fiction series Muhteşem Yüzyıl, playing as the role of Aybige Hatun, a Crimean princess.Simultaneously, she had leading role of Zeynep in the series Sudan Bıkmış Balıklar. In 2013-2014, she played the role of Cemre Arsoy in the series İntikam adaptation of Revenge. In 2014 she starred in the period series Yasak based on novel and comedy crime Ulan Istanbul.In 2015, she portrayed the character of Kumsal Güçlu in the series Adı Mutluluk along with Ulan İstanbul's co-star Kaan Yıldırım. In 2017-2018, she depicted the character of Melike (Ahsen) in the historical fiction series Payitaht: Abdülhamid. In 2018, she portrayed the character of Çilek in the comedy film Yol Arkadaşım 2.She played in series "Bir Aile Hikayesi" adaptation of This is Us.
Personal life
On 14 May 2016, Eyüboğlu married Kaan Yıldırım in the Esma Sultan Mansion located in Ortaköy. However, the couple divorced on 26 June 2019.
Filmography
References
External links
Ezgi Eyüboğlu at IMDb
Ezgi Eyüboğlu on Instagram
|
country of citizenship
|
{
"answer_start": [
115
],
"text": [
"Turkey"
]
}
|
Ezgi Eyüboğlu (born 15 June 1988) is a Turkish actress.
Early life
Eyüboğlu was born on 15 June 1988 in İstanbul, Turkey as Ezgi Eyüboğlu. Her father is a banker, and her mother is a chemistry teacher. Her paternal grandfather's relatives are Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu and Sabahattin Eyüboğlu. Her maternal family is Albanian. After completing her graduation in Istanbul University, Department of Economics, she completed her master's degree in advanced acting in Bahçeşehir University.
Career
She started acting in 2010. She first acted in a few commercials. Then in 2011, she took a role in the TV series Kalbim Seni Seçti. Thus, she entered the acting completely. In 2012, she rose to prominence from the historical fiction series Muhteşem Yüzyıl, playing as the role of Aybige Hatun, a Crimean princess.Simultaneously, she had leading role of Zeynep in the series Sudan Bıkmış Balıklar. In 2013-2014, she played the role of Cemre Arsoy in the series İntikam adaptation of Revenge. In 2014 she starred in the period series Yasak based on novel and comedy crime Ulan Istanbul.In 2015, she portrayed the character of Kumsal Güçlu in the series Adı Mutluluk along with Ulan İstanbul's co-star Kaan Yıldırım. In 2017-2018, she depicted the character of Melike (Ahsen) in the historical fiction series Payitaht: Abdülhamid. In 2018, she portrayed the character of Çilek in the comedy film Yol Arkadaşım 2.She played in series "Bir Aile Hikayesi" adaptation of This is Us.
Personal life
On 14 May 2016, Eyüboğlu married Kaan Yıldırım in the Esma Sultan Mansion located in Ortaköy. However, the couple divorced on 26 June 2019.
Filmography
References
External links
Ezgi Eyüboğlu at IMDb
Ezgi Eyüboğlu on Instagram
|
educated at
|
{
"answer_start": [
460
],
"text": [
"Bahçeşehir University"
]
}
|
Ezgi Eyüboğlu (born 15 June 1988) is a Turkish actress.
Early life
Eyüboğlu was born on 15 June 1988 in İstanbul, Turkey as Ezgi Eyüboğlu. Her father is a banker, and her mother is a chemistry teacher. Her paternal grandfather's relatives are Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu and Sabahattin Eyüboğlu. Her maternal family is Albanian. After completing her graduation in Istanbul University, Department of Economics, she completed her master's degree in advanced acting in Bahçeşehir University.
Career
She started acting in 2010. She first acted in a few commercials. Then in 2011, she took a role in the TV series Kalbim Seni Seçti. Thus, she entered the acting completely. In 2012, she rose to prominence from the historical fiction series Muhteşem Yüzyıl, playing as the role of Aybige Hatun, a Crimean princess.Simultaneously, she had leading role of Zeynep in the series Sudan Bıkmış Balıklar. In 2013-2014, she played the role of Cemre Arsoy in the series İntikam adaptation of Revenge. In 2014 she starred in the period series Yasak based on novel and comedy crime Ulan Istanbul.In 2015, she portrayed the character of Kumsal Güçlu in the series Adı Mutluluk along with Ulan İstanbul's co-star Kaan Yıldırım. In 2017-2018, she depicted the character of Melike (Ahsen) in the historical fiction series Payitaht: Abdülhamid. In 2018, she portrayed the character of Çilek in the comedy film Yol Arkadaşım 2.She played in series "Bir Aile Hikayesi" adaptation of This is Us.
Personal life
On 14 May 2016, Eyüboğlu married Kaan Yıldırım in the Esma Sultan Mansion located in Ortaköy. However, the couple divorced on 26 June 2019.
Filmography
References
External links
Ezgi Eyüboğlu at IMDb
Ezgi Eyüboğlu on Instagram
|
native language
|
{
"answer_start": [
39
],
"text": [
"Turkish"
]
}
|
Ezgi Eyüboğlu (born 15 June 1988) is a Turkish actress.
Early life
Eyüboğlu was born on 15 June 1988 in İstanbul, Turkey as Ezgi Eyüboğlu. Her father is a banker, and her mother is a chemistry teacher. Her paternal grandfather's relatives are Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu and Sabahattin Eyüboğlu. Her maternal family is Albanian. After completing her graduation in Istanbul University, Department of Economics, she completed her master's degree in advanced acting in Bahçeşehir University.
Career
She started acting in 2010. She first acted in a few commercials. Then in 2011, she took a role in the TV series Kalbim Seni Seçti. Thus, she entered the acting completely. In 2012, she rose to prominence from the historical fiction series Muhteşem Yüzyıl, playing as the role of Aybige Hatun, a Crimean princess.Simultaneously, she had leading role of Zeynep in the series Sudan Bıkmış Balıklar. In 2013-2014, she played the role of Cemre Arsoy in the series İntikam adaptation of Revenge. In 2014 she starred in the period series Yasak based on novel and comedy crime Ulan Istanbul.In 2015, she portrayed the character of Kumsal Güçlu in the series Adı Mutluluk along with Ulan İstanbul's co-star Kaan Yıldırım. In 2017-2018, she depicted the character of Melike (Ahsen) in the historical fiction series Payitaht: Abdülhamid. In 2018, she portrayed the character of Çilek in the comedy film Yol Arkadaşım 2.She played in series "Bir Aile Hikayesi" adaptation of This is Us.
Personal life
On 14 May 2016, Eyüboğlu married Kaan Yıldırım in the Esma Sultan Mansion located in Ortaköy. However, the couple divorced on 26 June 2019.
Filmography
References
External links
Ezgi Eyüboğlu at IMDb
Ezgi Eyüboğlu on Instagram
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Ezgi Eyüboğlu"
]
}
|
Ezgi Eyüboğlu (born 15 June 1988) is a Turkish actress.
Early life
Eyüboğlu was born on 15 June 1988 in İstanbul, Turkey as Ezgi Eyüboğlu. Her father is a banker, and her mother is a chemistry teacher. Her paternal grandfather's relatives are Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu and Sabahattin Eyüboğlu. Her maternal family is Albanian. After completing her graduation in Istanbul University, Department of Economics, she completed her master's degree in advanced acting in Bahçeşehir University.
Career
She started acting in 2010. She first acted in a few commercials. Then in 2011, she took a role in the TV series Kalbim Seni Seçti. Thus, she entered the acting completely. In 2012, she rose to prominence from the historical fiction series Muhteşem Yüzyıl, playing as the role of Aybige Hatun, a Crimean princess.Simultaneously, she had leading role of Zeynep in the series Sudan Bıkmış Balıklar. In 2013-2014, she played the role of Cemre Arsoy in the series İntikam adaptation of Revenge. In 2014 she starred in the period series Yasak based on novel and comedy crime Ulan Istanbul.In 2015, she portrayed the character of Kumsal Güçlu in the series Adı Mutluluk along with Ulan İstanbul's co-star Kaan Yıldırım. In 2017-2018, she depicted the character of Melike (Ahsen) in the historical fiction series Payitaht: Abdülhamid. In 2018, she portrayed the character of Çilek in the comedy film Yol Arkadaşım 2.She played in series "Bir Aile Hikayesi" adaptation of This is Us.
Personal life
On 14 May 2016, Eyüboğlu married Kaan Yıldırım in the Esma Sultan Mansion located in Ortaköy. However, the couple divorced on 26 June 2019.
Filmography
References
External links
Ezgi Eyüboğlu at IMDb
Ezgi Eyüboğlu on Instagram
|
family name
|
{
"answer_start": [
5
],
"text": [
"Eyüboğlu"
]
}
|
Ezgi Eyüboğlu (born 15 June 1988) is a Turkish actress.
Early life
Eyüboğlu was born on 15 June 1988 in İstanbul, Turkey as Ezgi Eyüboğlu. Her father is a banker, and her mother is a chemistry teacher. Her paternal grandfather's relatives are Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu and Sabahattin Eyüboğlu. Her maternal family is Albanian. After completing her graduation in Istanbul University, Department of Economics, she completed her master's degree in advanced acting in Bahçeşehir University.
Career
She started acting in 2010. She first acted in a few commercials. Then in 2011, she took a role in the TV series Kalbim Seni Seçti. Thus, she entered the acting completely. In 2012, she rose to prominence from the historical fiction series Muhteşem Yüzyıl, playing as the role of Aybige Hatun, a Crimean princess.Simultaneously, she had leading role of Zeynep in the series Sudan Bıkmış Balıklar. In 2013-2014, she played the role of Cemre Arsoy in the series İntikam adaptation of Revenge. In 2014 she starred in the period series Yasak based on novel and comedy crime Ulan Istanbul.In 2015, she portrayed the character of Kumsal Güçlu in the series Adı Mutluluk along with Ulan İstanbul's co-star Kaan Yıldırım. In 2017-2018, she depicted the character of Melike (Ahsen) in the historical fiction series Payitaht: Abdülhamid. In 2018, she portrayed the character of Çilek in the comedy film Yol Arkadaşım 2.She played in series "Bir Aile Hikayesi" adaptation of This is Us.
Personal life
On 14 May 2016, Eyüboğlu married Kaan Yıldırım in the Esma Sultan Mansion located in Ortaköy. However, the couple divorced on 26 June 2019.
Filmography
References
External links
Ezgi Eyüboğlu at IMDb
Ezgi Eyüboğlu on Instagram
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Ezgi"
]
}
|
Ivana Binevska (Macedonian: Ивана Биневска; born 6 March 2000) is a Macedonian footballer who plays as a midfielder. She has been a member of the Macedonia women's national team.
== References ==
|
position played on team / speciality
|
{
"answer_start": [
105
],
"text": [
"midfielder"
]
}
|
Ivana Binevska (Macedonian: Ивана Биневска; born 6 March 2000) is a Macedonian footballer who plays as a midfielder. She has been a member of the Macedonia women's national team.
== References ==
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Ivana"
]
}
|
Dike Lake is an alpine lake in Custer County, Idaho, United States, located in the White Cloud Mountains in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area. No trails lead to lake but it can be accessed from Sawtooth National Forest trail 680.Dike Lake is just southeast of the Chinese Wall, northeast of Calkins Peak, and in the same basin as Gunsight, Quartzite, and Tin Cup Lakes.
References
See also
List of lakes of the White Cloud Mountains
Sawtooth National Recreation Area
White Cloud Mountains
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
46
],
"text": [
"Idaho"
]
}
|
Hal Rasmusson (January 11, 1900 – 1962) was an American cartoonist best known for the comic strip Aggie Mack, about a teenage girl.
Born in Crookston, Minnesota, Rasmusson grew up in Minneapolis, where he attended the Minneapolis School of Art for two years. He started his career doing fashion illustration. Moving to Chicago, he freelanced for several years, eventually taking a job creating greeting cards for Gibson Cards in Cincinnati for five years. He received the credit line "by Hal Rasmusson" on the back of his Gibson Cards.
After Rasmusson married, he moved to New York where he worked as an art director for five years. Returning to Minneapolis, he spent nine years as art director of greeting cards with the Buzza Company.
Comic strips
He launched Aggie Mack with the Chicago Tribune Syndicate in 1946. Comics historian Eric Agena described Rasmusson's characters:
Aggie Mack was created by Hal Rasmusson in 1946, and appeared in the Chicago Tribune until the end of the 1950s. It was a gag-a-day strip based mainly on the everyday life of teenagers, with the star being a cute blonde named Aggie Mack. There were also numerous supporting characters, with a lot of the guys having real "hip" names like Animal, Wayout and Swinger. The series enjoyed great success in France, where it first appeared in Fillettes in 1947. In 1960, Gérard Alexandre, who signed with the pseudonym AL.G., created a French version of the strip based on Rasmussen's creation and called it simply Aggie. Back in the United States, the series was taken over by Roy Fox after Rasmusson's death in 1962. In 1966, the name of the American strip was shortened to Aggie and continued to run until its demise in 1971.Rasmusson also drew the accompanying strip Honey Bun until 1953.
Books
He wrote and illustrated instructional art books for publisher Walter T. Foster, including Comics and Modern Cartoon (1950).The Aggie Mack comic book was published in 1948-49 by Superior Comics Ltd. at 28 East 10th Street, New York 3, New York with executive offices at 2382 Dundas Street, Toronto, Canada. Robert W. Farrell was the managing editor with editor Ruth Roche and art director S. M. Iger. Superior Comics published eight issues between January, 1948 and August, 1949. In 1962. Dell Comics adapted Aggie into an issue of their Four Color Comics.
See also
Carl Ed
Harry Haenigsen
Marty Links
Hilda Terry
References
External links
Pretty Girls by Rasmusson
Tribute to Hal Rasmusson
Flickr
|
place of birth
|
{
"answer_start": [
140
],
"text": [
"Crookston"
]
}
|
Hal Rasmusson (January 11, 1900 – 1962) was an American cartoonist best known for the comic strip Aggie Mack, about a teenage girl.
Born in Crookston, Minnesota, Rasmusson grew up in Minneapolis, where he attended the Minneapolis School of Art for two years. He started his career doing fashion illustration. Moving to Chicago, he freelanced for several years, eventually taking a job creating greeting cards for Gibson Cards in Cincinnati for five years. He received the credit line "by Hal Rasmusson" on the back of his Gibson Cards.
After Rasmusson married, he moved to New York where he worked as an art director for five years. Returning to Minneapolis, he spent nine years as art director of greeting cards with the Buzza Company.
Comic strips
He launched Aggie Mack with the Chicago Tribune Syndicate in 1946. Comics historian Eric Agena described Rasmusson's characters:
Aggie Mack was created by Hal Rasmusson in 1946, and appeared in the Chicago Tribune until the end of the 1950s. It was a gag-a-day strip based mainly on the everyday life of teenagers, with the star being a cute blonde named Aggie Mack. There were also numerous supporting characters, with a lot of the guys having real "hip" names like Animal, Wayout and Swinger. The series enjoyed great success in France, where it first appeared in Fillettes in 1947. In 1960, Gérard Alexandre, who signed with the pseudonym AL.G., created a French version of the strip based on Rasmussen's creation and called it simply Aggie. Back in the United States, the series was taken over by Roy Fox after Rasmusson's death in 1962. In 1966, the name of the American strip was shortened to Aggie and continued to run until its demise in 1971.Rasmusson also drew the accompanying strip Honey Bun until 1953.
Books
He wrote and illustrated instructional art books for publisher Walter T. Foster, including Comics and Modern Cartoon (1950).The Aggie Mack comic book was published in 1948-49 by Superior Comics Ltd. at 28 East 10th Street, New York 3, New York with executive offices at 2382 Dundas Street, Toronto, Canada. Robert W. Farrell was the managing editor with editor Ruth Roche and art director S. M. Iger. Superior Comics published eight issues between January, 1948 and August, 1949. In 1962. Dell Comics adapted Aggie into an issue of their Four Color Comics.
See also
Carl Ed
Harry Haenigsen
Marty Links
Hilda Terry
References
External links
Pretty Girls by Rasmusson
Tribute to Hal Rasmusson
Flickr
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Hal"
]
}
|
Villa Rivero Municipality or Muela Municipality is the second municipal section of the Punata Province in the Cochabamba Department in Bolivia. Its seat is Villa Rivero.
Cantons
The municipality consists of only one canton, Villa Rivero Canton. It is identical to the municipality.
Languages
The languages spoken in the Villa Rivero Municipality are mainly Quechua and Spanish.
See also
K'illi K'illi
References
(in Spanish) Instituto Nacional de Estadistica de Bolivia (INE)
External links
Population data and map of Villa Rivero Municipality
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
135
],
"text": [
"Bolivia"
]
}
|
Villa Rivero Municipality or Muela Municipality is the second municipal section of the Punata Province in the Cochabamba Department in Bolivia. Its seat is Villa Rivero.
Cantons
The municipality consists of only one canton, Villa Rivero Canton. It is identical to the municipality.
Languages
The languages spoken in the Villa Rivero Municipality are mainly Quechua and Spanish.
See also
K'illi K'illi
References
(in Spanish) Instituto Nacional de Estadistica de Bolivia (INE)
External links
Population data and map of Villa Rivero Municipality
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
87
],
"text": [
"Punata Province"
]
}
|
Villa Rivero Municipality or Muela Municipality is the second municipal section of the Punata Province in the Cochabamba Department in Bolivia. Its seat is Villa Rivero.
Cantons
The municipality consists of only one canton, Villa Rivero Canton. It is identical to the municipality.
Languages
The languages spoken in the Villa Rivero Municipality are mainly Quechua and Spanish.
See also
K'illi K'illi
References
(in Spanish) Instituto Nacional de Estadistica de Bolivia (INE)
External links
Population data and map of Villa Rivero Municipality
|
different from
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Villa Rivero"
]
}
|
Teresa Kearney (Mother Kevin) CBE (1875–1957) was a teacher, Franciscan Sister, and missionary, who founded a new Franciscan order. Born in Arklow, Ireland on April 28, 1875, she became a Junior Assistant Mistress at 17 and taught in Essex, England. On December 2, 1902, she left to begin missionary work in Nsambya, Uganda, working as a Franciscan Sister of Saint Mary's Abbey, Mill Hill, London.
In 1952 Kearney founded the Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa. Kearney's work in East Africa resulted in the formation of multiple hospitals and training of nurses throughout the region. Her name serves as the root of the word Kevina, which means "hospital" or "charity institute" in Uganda. On November 6, 2016, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Lugazi opened her formal beatification process, securing her the title Servant of God.
Early life
Family
Teresa Kearney was born in Knockenrahan, Arklow, County Wicklow, on April 28, 1875 as the third daughter of farmer Michael Kearney and Teresa Kearney. Three months prior to Kearney's birth, her father died in an accident. Following his death, Kearney's mother remarried and had three more children. When Kearney was ten years old, her mother died. Her maternal grandmother, Grannie Grenell, then raised Kearney in Curranstown, County Wicklow. Grannie Grenell had a profound impact on Kearny's spiritual beliefs and deep faith. When Kearney was 17, Grannie Grenell died.
Education
Kearney attended local convent school in Arklow following her mother's death. In 1889, following her grandmother's death, Kearney went to convent of Mercy at Rathdrum, to train as an assistant teacher. She did not have the finances to pay for training, and became a Junior Assistant Mistress. A year later, she went to teach in a school run by the Sisters of Charity in Essex.
Career
Early work
Kearney became a Junior Assistant Mistress at 17 and taught in Essex, England.
Missionary work
Following the death of her grandmother, Kearney turned toward thoughts of religious life. She believed that God was calling her to be a sister, and she applied for admission to the Franciscan Missionary Sisters of the Five Wounds at Mill Hill, London. In 1895, Kearney entered St Mary's Abbey, Mill Hill, London. On April 21, 1898 she took the name Sister Mary Kevin of the Sacred Passion. Her motto was "For Thee, Lord." She volunteered to work with African Americans in London. She waited three years for a posting to the American mission, but when the call from a foreign mission came, it came from Africa.
Path to Uganda
On December 3, 1902, Kearney and five other sisters left London for Nsambya, Uganda. They were chosen at the request of Bishop Hanlon of the Mill Hill Fathers. The sisters arrived on January 15, 1903 and established a dispensary and school in the Buganda. "Their task was to care for the women and girls and to further weaken the association of Catholicism with French missionaries and Protestantism with British missionaries in the then British Protectorate." Among the sisters were three Irish, one American, one English, and one Scottish woman.Kearney started her first clinic under a mango tree near the convent. The first seven years of missionary work were tough for the sisters. Various diseases, from smallpox to malaria, ravaged Buganda. The infant mortality rate was also relatively high due to the high frequency of maternal deaths. In 1906, Kearney expanded the missionary and set up a hospital in Nagalama, twenty-three miles away. Following Sister Paul's illness and return to the United States in 1910, Kearney was appointed the new superior of the convent. In 1913, three more sisters arrived, which allowed Kearney to establish a third mission station in Kamuli, Busoga. All three stations focused on medicine and education for the local population with a focus on primary and secondary education, training of nurses, and the founding of clinics, hospitals and orphanages.
Role in World War 1
During World War 1, the Nsambya Hospital was used to treat the Native Carrier Corp, porters for European troops. At times, Kearney was outraged by the treatment Europeans gave to the African porters. She worked to uphold the rights of African people caught up in the European war. On December 25, 1918 Kearney was awarded the MBE, Member of Order of British Empire, for her services to the wounded during the war years.
Promotion of female education
Kearney is credited for promoting higher education in Catholic African women in her mission. In 1923, she founded the Little Sisters of St. Francis, a community of African nuns for teaching and nursing. This program started with only eight local girls. A year later, Kearney and Dr. Evelyn Connolly, a lay missionary, founded a nursing and midwifery school in Nsambya. Their goal was to promote the education of women throughout Uganda.
Creation of Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa
In September 1928, Kearney returned to England to establish a novitiate exclusively for training sisters for African missions. The novitiate was officially opened in 1929 in Holme Hall, Yorkshire. Many women from England, Scotland and Ireland travelled to Holme Hall to assist the missionary efforts. This created a shortage for the Mill Hill Fathers, who also needed sisters for their school in England and American missions. Upon realization of this divide, Kearney and the Mill Hill Fathers broke off from each other. On June 9, 1952 the new congregation of the Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa was founded by Kearney. Kearney was appointed the first superior-general. Mount Oliver, Dundalk, became the motherhouse for this new congregation. With the formation of the FMSA, Kearney expanded the missionary work to Uganda, Kenya, Zambia, the US, Scotland, and South Africa.
Retirement
Kearney retired in 1955 at age 80. During retirement, she was appointed Superior of a convent in Boston, Mass. and raised funds for African projects. She travelled and talked to donors to garner support for projects in Africa.
Death
On October 17, 1957, Kearney died at the age of 82 in Brighton, Massachusetts. Her remains were flown to Ireland and buried at Mount Oliver. Ugandan Catholics rallied to have her body flown to Uganda to be buried. On December 3, 1957, Kearney's body was buried in the cemetery at Nkokonjeru, the motherhouse of the Little Sisters of St. Francis.
Legacy
Kearney's legacy is evident today. In Uganda, the word Kevina means "hospital" or "charitable institute". The Mother Kevin Postgraduate Medical School was named after Mother Kevin (Teresa Kearney). The Little Sisters of St. Francis currently has over 500 members throughout Africa, while the Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa currently works in Uganda, Kenya, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and South Africa.
Awards
In 1918, Kearney was made Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) for her work during the war. In 1955 she received Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (CBE), as well as Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (OBE). In 1955, she was also awarded the Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice from Pious XI, for her Catholic work in Uganda.
== References ==
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sex or gender
|
{
"answer_start": [
4400
],
"text": [
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Teresa Kearney (Mother Kevin) CBE (1875–1957) was a teacher, Franciscan Sister, and missionary, who founded a new Franciscan order. Born in Arklow, Ireland on April 28, 1875, she became a Junior Assistant Mistress at 17 and taught in Essex, England. On December 2, 1902, she left to begin missionary work in Nsambya, Uganda, working as a Franciscan Sister of Saint Mary's Abbey, Mill Hill, London.
In 1952 Kearney founded the Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa. Kearney's work in East Africa resulted in the formation of multiple hospitals and training of nurses throughout the region. Her name serves as the root of the word Kevina, which means "hospital" or "charity institute" in Uganda. On November 6, 2016, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Lugazi opened her formal beatification process, securing her the title Servant of God.
Early life
Family
Teresa Kearney was born in Knockenrahan, Arklow, County Wicklow, on April 28, 1875 as the third daughter of farmer Michael Kearney and Teresa Kearney. Three months prior to Kearney's birth, her father died in an accident. Following his death, Kearney's mother remarried and had three more children. When Kearney was ten years old, her mother died. Her maternal grandmother, Grannie Grenell, then raised Kearney in Curranstown, County Wicklow. Grannie Grenell had a profound impact on Kearny's spiritual beliefs and deep faith. When Kearney was 17, Grannie Grenell died.
Education
Kearney attended local convent school in Arklow following her mother's death. In 1889, following her grandmother's death, Kearney went to convent of Mercy at Rathdrum, to train as an assistant teacher. She did not have the finances to pay for training, and became a Junior Assistant Mistress. A year later, she went to teach in a school run by the Sisters of Charity in Essex.
Career
Early work
Kearney became a Junior Assistant Mistress at 17 and taught in Essex, England.
Missionary work
Following the death of her grandmother, Kearney turned toward thoughts of religious life. She believed that God was calling her to be a sister, and she applied for admission to the Franciscan Missionary Sisters of the Five Wounds at Mill Hill, London. In 1895, Kearney entered St Mary's Abbey, Mill Hill, London. On April 21, 1898 she took the name Sister Mary Kevin of the Sacred Passion. Her motto was "For Thee, Lord." She volunteered to work with African Americans in London. She waited three years for a posting to the American mission, but when the call from a foreign mission came, it came from Africa.
Path to Uganda
On December 3, 1902, Kearney and five other sisters left London for Nsambya, Uganda. They were chosen at the request of Bishop Hanlon of the Mill Hill Fathers. The sisters arrived on January 15, 1903 and established a dispensary and school in the Buganda. "Their task was to care for the women and girls and to further weaken the association of Catholicism with French missionaries and Protestantism with British missionaries in the then British Protectorate." Among the sisters were three Irish, one American, one English, and one Scottish woman.Kearney started her first clinic under a mango tree near the convent. The first seven years of missionary work were tough for the sisters. Various diseases, from smallpox to malaria, ravaged Buganda. The infant mortality rate was also relatively high due to the high frequency of maternal deaths. In 1906, Kearney expanded the missionary and set up a hospital in Nagalama, twenty-three miles away. Following Sister Paul's illness and return to the United States in 1910, Kearney was appointed the new superior of the convent. In 1913, three more sisters arrived, which allowed Kearney to establish a third mission station in Kamuli, Busoga. All three stations focused on medicine and education for the local population with a focus on primary and secondary education, training of nurses, and the founding of clinics, hospitals and orphanages.
Role in World War 1
During World War 1, the Nsambya Hospital was used to treat the Native Carrier Corp, porters for European troops. At times, Kearney was outraged by the treatment Europeans gave to the African porters. She worked to uphold the rights of African people caught up in the European war. On December 25, 1918 Kearney was awarded the MBE, Member of Order of British Empire, for her services to the wounded during the war years.
Promotion of female education
Kearney is credited for promoting higher education in Catholic African women in her mission. In 1923, she founded the Little Sisters of St. Francis, a community of African nuns for teaching and nursing. This program started with only eight local girls. A year later, Kearney and Dr. Evelyn Connolly, a lay missionary, founded a nursing and midwifery school in Nsambya. Their goal was to promote the education of women throughout Uganda.
Creation of Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa
In September 1928, Kearney returned to England to establish a novitiate exclusively for training sisters for African missions. The novitiate was officially opened in 1929 in Holme Hall, Yorkshire. Many women from England, Scotland and Ireland travelled to Holme Hall to assist the missionary efforts. This created a shortage for the Mill Hill Fathers, who also needed sisters for their school in England and American missions. Upon realization of this divide, Kearney and the Mill Hill Fathers broke off from each other. On June 9, 1952 the new congregation of the Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa was founded by Kearney. Kearney was appointed the first superior-general. Mount Oliver, Dundalk, became the motherhouse for this new congregation. With the formation of the FMSA, Kearney expanded the missionary work to Uganda, Kenya, Zambia, the US, Scotland, and South Africa.
Retirement
Kearney retired in 1955 at age 80. During retirement, she was appointed Superior of a convent in Boston, Mass. and raised funds for African projects. She travelled and talked to donors to garner support for projects in Africa.
Death
On October 17, 1957, Kearney died at the age of 82 in Brighton, Massachusetts. Her remains were flown to Ireland and buried at Mount Oliver. Ugandan Catholics rallied to have her body flown to Uganda to be buried. On December 3, 1957, Kearney's body was buried in the cemetery at Nkokonjeru, the motherhouse of the Little Sisters of St. Francis.
Legacy
Kearney's legacy is evident today. In Uganda, the word Kevina means "hospital" or "charitable institute". The Mother Kevin Postgraduate Medical School was named after Mother Kevin (Teresa Kearney). The Little Sisters of St. Francis currently has over 500 members throughout Africa, while the Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa currently works in Uganda, Kenya, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and South Africa.
Awards
In 1918, Kearney was made Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) for her work during the war. In 1955 she received Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (CBE), as well as Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (OBE). In 1955, she was also awarded the Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice from Pious XI, for her Catholic work in Uganda.
== References ==
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country of citizenship
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{
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5778
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"text": [
"South Africa"
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Teresa Kearney (Mother Kevin) CBE (1875–1957) was a teacher, Franciscan Sister, and missionary, who founded a new Franciscan order. Born in Arklow, Ireland on April 28, 1875, she became a Junior Assistant Mistress at 17 and taught in Essex, England. On December 2, 1902, she left to begin missionary work in Nsambya, Uganda, working as a Franciscan Sister of Saint Mary's Abbey, Mill Hill, London.
In 1952 Kearney founded the Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa. Kearney's work in East Africa resulted in the formation of multiple hospitals and training of nurses throughout the region. Her name serves as the root of the word Kevina, which means "hospital" or "charity institute" in Uganda. On November 6, 2016, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Lugazi opened her formal beatification process, securing her the title Servant of God.
Early life
Family
Teresa Kearney was born in Knockenrahan, Arklow, County Wicklow, on April 28, 1875 as the third daughter of farmer Michael Kearney and Teresa Kearney. Three months prior to Kearney's birth, her father died in an accident. Following his death, Kearney's mother remarried and had three more children. When Kearney was ten years old, her mother died. Her maternal grandmother, Grannie Grenell, then raised Kearney in Curranstown, County Wicklow. Grannie Grenell had a profound impact on Kearny's spiritual beliefs and deep faith. When Kearney was 17, Grannie Grenell died.
Education
Kearney attended local convent school in Arklow following her mother's death. In 1889, following her grandmother's death, Kearney went to convent of Mercy at Rathdrum, to train as an assistant teacher. She did not have the finances to pay for training, and became a Junior Assistant Mistress. A year later, she went to teach in a school run by the Sisters of Charity in Essex.
Career
Early work
Kearney became a Junior Assistant Mistress at 17 and taught in Essex, England.
Missionary work
Following the death of her grandmother, Kearney turned toward thoughts of religious life. She believed that God was calling her to be a sister, and she applied for admission to the Franciscan Missionary Sisters of the Five Wounds at Mill Hill, London. In 1895, Kearney entered St Mary's Abbey, Mill Hill, London. On April 21, 1898 she took the name Sister Mary Kevin of the Sacred Passion. Her motto was "For Thee, Lord." She volunteered to work with African Americans in London. She waited three years for a posting to the American mission, but when the call from a foreign mission came, it came from Africa.
Path to Uganda
On December 3, 1902, Kearney and five other sisters left London for Nsambya, Uganda. They were chosen at the request of Bishop Hanlon of the Mill Hill Fathers. The sisters arrived on January 15, 1903 and established a dispensary and school in the Buganda. "Their task was to care for the women and girls and to further weaken the association of Catholicism with French missionaries and Protestantism with British missionaries in the then British Protectorate." Among the sisters were three Irish, one American, one English, and one Scottish woman.Kearney started her first clinic under a mango tree near the convent. The first seven years of missionary work were tough for the sisters. Various diseases, from smallpox to malaria, ravaged Buganda. The infant mortality rate was also relatively high due to the high frequency of maternal deaths. In 1906, Kearney expanded the missionary and set up a hospital in Nagalama, twenty-three miles away. Following Sister Paul's illness and return to the United States in 1910, Kearney was appointed the new superior of the convent. In 1913, three more sisters arrived, which allowed Kearney to establish a third mission station in Kamuli, Busoga. All three stations focused on medicine and education for the local population with a focus on primary and secondary education, training of nurses, and the founding of clinics, hospitals and orphanages.
Role in World War 1
During World War 1, the Nsambya Hospital was used to treat the Native Carrier Corp, porters for European troops. At times, Kearney was outraged by the treatment Europeans gave to the African porters. She worked to uphold the rights of African people caught up in the European war. On December 25, 1918 Kearney was awarded the MBE, Member of Order of British Empire, for her services to the wounded during the war years.
Promotion of female education
Kearney is credited for promoting higher education in Catholic African women in her mission. In 1923, she founded the Little Sisters of St. Francis, a community of African nuns for teaching and nursing. This program started with only eight local girls. A year later, Kearney and Dr. Evelyn Connolly, a lay missionary, founded a nursing and midwifery school in Nsambya. Their goal was to promote the education of women throughout Uganda.
Creation of Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa
In September 1928, Kearney returned to England to establish a novitiate exclusively for training sisters for African missions. The novitiate was officially opened in 1929 in Holme Hall, Yorkshire. Many women from England, Scotland and Ireland travelled to Holme Hall to assist the missionary efforts. This created a shortage for the Mill Hill Fathers, who also needed sisters for their school in England and American missions. Upon realization of this divide, Kearney and the Mill Hill Fathers broke off from each other. On June 9, 1952 the new congregation of the Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa was founded by Kearney. Kearney was appointed the first superior-general. Mount Oliver, Dundalk, became the motherhouse for this new congregation. With the formation of the FMSA, Kearney expanded the missionary work to Uganda, Kenya, Zambia, the US, Scotland, and South Africa.
Retirement
Kearney retired in 1955 at age 80. During retirement, she was appointed Superior of a convent in Boston, Mass. and raised funds for African projects. She travelled and talked to donors to garner support for projects in Africa.
Death
On October 17, 1957, Kearney died at the age of 82 in Brighton, Massachusetts. Her remains were flown to Ireland and buried at Mount Oliver. Ugandan Catholics rallied to have her body flown to Uganda to be buried. On December 3, 1957, Kearney's body was buried in the cemetery at Nkokonjeru, the motherhouse of the Little Sisters of St. Francis.
Legacy
Kearney's legacy is evident today. In Uganda, the word Kevina means "hospital" or "charitable institute". The Mother Kevin Postgraduate Medical School was named after Mother Kevin (Teresa Kearney). The Little Sisters of St. Francis currently has over 500 members throughout Africa, while the Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa currently works in Uganda, Kenya, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and South Africa.
Awards
In 1918, Kearney was made Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) for her work during the war. In 1955 she received Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (CBE), as well as Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (OBE). In 1955, she was also awarded the Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice from Pious XI, for her Catholic work in Uganda.
== References ==
|
family name
|
{
"answer_start": [
7
],
"text": [
"Kearney"
]
}
|
Teresa Kearney (Mother Kevin) CBE (1875–1957) was a teacher, Franciscan Sister, and missionary, who founded a new Franciscan order. Born in Arklow, Ireland on April 28, 1875, she became a Junior Assistant Mistress at 17 and taught in Essex, England. On December 2, 1902, she left to begin missionary work in Nsambya, Uganda, working as a Franciscan Sister of Saint Mary's Abbey, Mill Hill, London.
In 1952 Kearney founded the Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa. Kearney's work in East Africa resulted in the formation of multiple hospitals and training of nurses throughout the region. Her name serves as the root of the word Kevina, which means "hospital" or "charity institute" in Uganda. On November 6, 2016, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Lugazi opened her formal beatification process, securing her the title Servant of God.
Early life
Family
Teresa Kearney was born in Knockenrahan, Arklow, County Wicklow, on April 28, 1875 as the third daughter of farmer Michael Kearney and Teresa Kearney. Three months prior to Kearney's birth, her father died in an accident. Following his death, Kearney's mother remarried and had three more children. When Kearney was ten years old, her mother died. Her maternal grandmother, Grannie Grenell, then raised Kearney in Curranstown, County Wicklow. Grannie Grenell had a profound impact on Kearny's spiritual beliefs and deep faith. When Kearney was 17, Grannie Grenell died.
Education
Kearney attended local convent school in Arklow following her mother's death. In 1889, following her grandmother's death, Kearney went to convent of Mercy at Rathdrum, to train as an assistant teacher. She did not have the finances to pay for training, and became a Junior Assistant Mistress. A year later, she went to teach in a school run by the Sisters of Charity in Essex.
Career
Early work
Kearney became a Junior Assistant Mistress at 17 and taught in Essex, England.
Missionary work
Following the death of her grandmother, Kearney turned toward thoughts of religious life. She believed that God was calling her to be a sister, and she applied for admission to the Franciscan Missionary Sisters of the Five Wounds at Mill Hill, London. In 1895, Kearney entered St Mary's Abbey, Mill Hill, London. On April 21, 1898 she took the name Sister Mary Kevin of the Sacred Passion. Her motto was "For Thee, Lord." She volunteered to work with African Americans in London. She waited three years for a posting to the American mission, but when the call from a foreign mission came, it came from Africa.
Path to Uganda
On December 3, 1902, Kearney and five other sisters left London for Nsambya, Uganda. They were chosen at the request of Bishop Hanlon of the Mill Hill Fathers. The sisters arrived on January 15, 1903 and established a dispensary and school in the Buganda. "Their task was to care for the women and girls and to further weaken the association of Catholicism with French missionaries and Protestantism with British missionaries in the then British Protectorate." Among the sisters were three Irish, one American, one English, and one Scottish woman.Kearney started her first clinic under a mango tree near the convent. The first seven years of missionary work were tough for the sisters. Various diseases, from smallpox to malaria, ravaged Buganda. The infant mortality rate was also relatively high due to the high frequency of maternal deaths. In 1906, Kearney expanded the missionary and set up a hospital in Nagalama, twenty-three miles away. Following Sister Paul's illness and return to the United States in 1910, Kearney was appointed the new superior of the convent. In 1913, three more sisters arrived, which allowed Kearney to establish a third mission station in Kamuli, Busoga. All three stations focused on medicine and education for the local population with a focus on primary and secondary education, training of nurses, and the founding of clinics, hospitals and orphanages.
Role in World War 1
During World War 1, the Nsambya Hospital was used to treat the Native Carrier Corp, porters for European troops. At times, Kearney was outraged by the treatment Europeans gave to the African porters. She worked to uphold the rights of African people caught up in the European war. On December 25, 1918 Kearney was awarded the MBE, Member of Order of British Empire, for her services to the wounded during the war years.
Promotion of female education
Kearney is credited for promoting higher education in Catholic African women in her mission. In 1923, she founded the Little Sisters of St. Francis, a community of African nuns for teaching and nursing. This program started with only eight local girls. A year later, Kearney and Dr. Evelyn Connolly, a lay missionary, founded a nursing and midwifery school in Nsambya. Their goal was to promote the education of women throughout Uganda.
Creation of Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa
In September 1928, Kearney returned to England to establish a novitiate exclusively for training sisters for African missions. The novitiate was officially opened in 1929 in Holme Hall, Yorkshire. Many women from England, Scotland and Ireland travelled to Holme Hall to assist the missionary efforts. This created a shortage for the Mill Hill Fathers, who also needed sisters for their school in England and American missions. Upon realization of this divide, Kearney and the Mill Hill Fathers broke off from each other. On June 9, 1952 the new congregation of the Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa was founded by Kearney. Kearney was appointed the first superior-general. Mount Oliver, Dundalk, became the motherhouse for this new congregation. With the formation of the FMSA, Kearney expanded the missionary work to Uganda, Kenya, Zambia, the US, Scotland, and South Africa.
Retirement
Kearney retired in 1955 at age 80. During retirement, she was appointed Superior of a convent in Boston, Mass. and raised funds for African projects. She travelled and talked to donors to garner support for projects in Africa.
Death
On October 17, 1957, Kearney died at the age of 82 in Brighton, Massachusetts. Her remains were flown to Ireland and buried at Mount Oliver. Ugandan Catholics rallied to have her body flown to Uganda to be buried. On December 3, 1957, Kearney's body was buried in the cemetery at Nkokonjeru, the motherhouse of the Little Sisters of St. Francis.
Legacy
Kearney's legacy is evident today. In Uganda, the word Kevina means "hospital" or "charitable institute". The Mother Kevin Postgraduate Medical School was named after Mother Kevin (Teresa Kearney). The Little Sisters of St. Francis currently has over 500 members throughout Africa, while the Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa currently works in Uganda, Kenya, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and South Africa.
Awards
In 1918, Kearney was made Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) for her work during the war. In 1955 she received Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (CBE), as well as Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (OBE). In 1955, she was also awarded the Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice from Pious XI, for her Catholic work in Uganda.
== References ==
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Teresa"
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|
Teresa Kearney (Mother Kevin) CBE (1875–1957) was a teacher, Franciscan Sister, and missionary, who founded a new Franciscan order. Born in Arklow, Ireland on April 28, 1875, she became a Junior Assistant Mistress at 17 and taught in Essex, England. On December 2, 1902, she left to begin missionary work in Nsambya, Uganda, working as a Franciscan Sister of Saint Mary's Abbey, Mill Hill, London.
In 1952 Kearney founded the Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa. Kearney's work in East Africa resulted in the formation of multiple hospitals and training of nurses throughout the region. Her name serves as the root of the word Kevina, which means "hospital" or "charity institute" in Uganda. On November 6, 2016, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Lugazi opened her formal beatification process, securing her the title Servant of God.
Early life
Family
Teresa Kearney was born in Knockenrahan, Arklow, County Wicklow, on April 28, 1875 as the third daughter of farmer Michael Kearney and Teresa Kearney. Three months prior to Kearney's birth, her father died in an accident. Following his death, Kearney's mother remarried and had three more children. When Kearney was ten years old, her mother died. Her maternal grandmother, Grannie Grenell, then raised Kearney in Curranstown, County Wicklow. Grannie Grenell had a profound impact on Kearny's spiritual beliefs and deep faith. When Kearney was 17, Grannie Grenell died.
Education
Kearney attended local convent school in Arklow following her mother's death. In 1889, following her grandmother's death, Kearney went to convent of Mercy at Rathdrum, to train as an assistant teacher. She did not have the finances to pay for training, and became a Junior Assistant Mistress. A year later, she went to teach in a school run by the Sisters of Charity in Essex.
Career
Early work
Kearney became a Junior Assistant Mistress at 17 and taught in Essex, England.
Missionary work
Following the death of her grandmother, Kearney turned toward thoughts of religious life. She believed that God was calling her to be a sister, and she applied for admission to the Franciscan Missionary Sisters of the Five Wounds at Mill Hill, London. In 1895, Kearney entered St Mary's Abbey, Mill Hill, London. On April 21, 1898 she took the name Sister Mary Kevin of the Sacred Passion. Her motto was "For Thee, Lord." She volunteered to work with African Americans in London. She waited three years for a posting to the American mission, but when the call from a foreign mission came, it came from Africa.
Path to Uganda
On December 3, 1902, Kearney and five other sisters left London for Nsambya, Uganda. They were chosen at the request of Bishop Hanlon of the Mill Hill Fathers. The sisters arrived on January 15, 1903 and established a dispensary and school in the Buganda. "Their task was to care for the women and girls and to further weaken the association of Catholicism with French missionaries and Protestantism with British missionaries in the then British Protectorate." Among the sisters were three Irish, one American, one English, and one Scottish woman.Kearney started her first clinic under a mango tree near the convent. The first seven years of missionary work were tough for the sisters. Various diseases, from smallpox to malaria, ravaged Buganda. The infant mortality rate was also relatively high due to the high frequency of maternal deaths. In 1906, Kearney expanded the missionary and set up a hospital in Nagalama, twenty-three miles away. Following Sister Paul's illness and return to the United States in 1910, Kearney was appointed the new superior of the convent. In 1913, three more sisters arrived, which allowed Kearney to establish a third mission station in Kamuli, Busoga. All three stations focused on medicine and education for the local population with a focus on primary and secondary education, training of nurses, and the founding of clinics, hospitals and orphanages.
Role in World War 1
During World War 1, the Nsambya Hospital was used to treat the Native Carrier Corp, porters for European troops. At times, Kearney was outraged by the treatment Europeans gave to the African porters. She worked to uphold the rights of African people caught up in the European war. On December 25, 1918 Kearney was awarded the MBE, Member of Order of British Empire, for her services to the wounded during the war years.
Promotion of female education
Kearney is credited for promoting higher education in Catholic African women in her mission. In 1923, she founded the Little Sisters of St. Francis, a community of African nuns for teaching and nursing. This program started with only eight local girls. A year later, Kearney and Dr. Evelyn Connolly, a lay missionary, founded a nursing and midwifery school in Nsambya. Their goal was to promote the education of women throughout Uganda.
Creation of Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa
In September 1928, Kearney returned to England to establish a novitiate exclusively for training sisters for African missions. The novitiate was officially opened in 1929 in Holme Hall, Yorkshire. Many women from England, Scotland and Ireland travelled to Holme Hall to assist the missionary efforts. This created a shortage for the Mill Hill Fathers, who also needed sisters for their school in England and American missions. Upon realization of this divide, Kearney and the Mill Hill Fathers broke off from each other. On June 9, 1952 the new congregation of the Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa was founded by Kearney. Kearney was appointed the first superior-general. Mount Oliver, Dundalk, became the motherhouse for this new congregation. With the formation of the FMSA, Kearney expanded the missionary work to Uganda, Kenya, Zambia, the US, Scotland, and South Africa.
Retirement
Kearney retired in 1955 at age 80. During retirement, she was appointed Superior of a convent in Boston, Mass. and raised funds for African projects. She travelled and talked to donors to garner support for projects in Africa.
Death
On October 17, 1957, Kearney died at the age of 82 in Brighton, Massachusetts. Her remains were flown to Ireland and buried at Mount Oliver. Ugandan Catholics rallied to have her body flown to Uganda to be buried. On December 3, 1957, Kearney's body was buried in the cemetery at Nkokonjeru, the motherhouse of the Little Sisters of St. Francis.
Legacy
Kearney's legacy is evident today. In Uganda, the word Kevina means "hospital" or "charitable institute". The Mother Kevin Postgraduate Medical School was named after Mother Kevin (Teresa Kearney). The Little Sisters of St. Francis currently has over 500 members throughout Africa, while the Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa currently works in Uganda, Kenya, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and South Africa.
Awards
In 1918, Kearney was made Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) for her work during the war. In 1955 she received Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (CBE), as well as Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (OBE). In 1955, she was also awarded the Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice from Pious XI, for her Catholic work in Uganda.
== References ==
|
languages spoken, written or signed
|
{
"answer_start": [
3069
],
"text": [
"English"
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}
|
Riedsee bei Leeheim is a lake in Hesse, Germany. At an elevation of 80 m, its surface area is ca. 24 ha.
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
40
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"text": [
"Germany"
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}
|
Riedsee bei Leeheim is a lake in Hesse, Germany. At an elevation of 80 m, its surface area is ca. 24 ha.
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
25
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"text": [
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|
Riedsee bei Leeheim is a lake in Hesse, Germany. At an elevation of 80 m, its surface area is ca. 24 ha.
|
basin country
|
{
"answer_start": [
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"text": [
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|
Riedsee bei Leeheim is a lake in Hesse, Germany. At an elevation of 80 m, its surface area is ca. 24 ha.
|
elevation above sea level
|
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"answer_start": [
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"text": [
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WDIY (88.1 FM) is a community public radio station licensed to Allentown, Pennsylvania, with studios in Bethlehem and transmitter atop South Mountain. The station is the NPR member for the Lehigh Valley of eastern Pennsylvania, and also serves parts of western New Jersey.
WDIY has an air staff of over 90 volunteers and a professional staff of six employees, including an executive director. The station is licensed to Lehigh Valley Community Broadcasters Association, Inc., a nonprofit organization whose mission "is to engage the Lehigh Valley community through a wide-ranging exchange of music, arts, news and culturally diverse information."
Background
WDIY began broadcasting on January 8, 1995, operating at 100 watts. Before then, the Lehigh Valley was one of the few areas of Pennsylvania without a locally-based NPR station. WHYY-FM in Philadelphia provides grade B coverage to most of the Lehigh Valley, while WVIA-FM in Scranton has long operated low-powered translators in parts of the region.
Although WDIY's transmitter power was modest for a full NPR member on the FM band, its antenna on top of South Mountain enabled the station to reach most of the immediate Lehigh Valley region. In 2015, the Federal Communications Commission approved a request to triple the station's power to 300 watts. Although still operating with modest power for a full NPR member, the power increase expanded WDIY's primary coverage area to over a half-million people. Its full reach extends 70 miles, providing at least secondary coverage from Clinton, New Jersey to Reading, Pennsylvania.As a public station, WDIY depends on listener support as one of its major sources of revenue. During the past 10 years, the station's number of listener members has nearly doubled, increasing from 1,100 in 2008 to 2,000 in 2018.
Programming
WDIY's program schedule includes NPR's Morning Edition, Fresh Air with Terry Gross and All Things Considered weekdays, with classical music and adult album alternative music between the news shows. Early evening programming during the week includes locally-produced public affairs programs as well as NPR's TED Radio Hour and On the Media. Weeknights and weekends, the station features a variety of music, including folk, blues, electronic, jazz, world music, alternative rock, classical, avant-garde and ethnic music. The station also carries NPR's Weekend Edition on Saturday and Sunday mornings and Ask Me Another on Saturday morning.
Translators
WDIY began broadcasting on 88.1 FM at 100 watts. Even with its transmitter located atop South Mountain at 843 feet above average terrain, its signal was for the most part limited to Lehigh and Northampton counties. Easton, the region's third-largest city, only received a grade B signal. To boost its coverage, WDIY installed two translators. One, located at 93.9, serves the area around Easton, as well as western Warren County. The station's other translator at 93.7 serves the Trexlertown and Fogelsville areas in western Lehigh County. With its increase to 300 watts in 2015, the station not only covers the Valley but can now be heard in the surrounding regions of eastern Pennsylvania and western New Jersey.
See also
Media in the Lehigh Valley
List of community radio stations in the United States
References
External links
WDIY official website
WDIY-FM at Twitter
WDIY in the FCC FM station database
WDIY on Radio-Locator
WDIY in Nielsen Audio's FM station database
W230AG on Radio-Locator
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
37
],
"text": [
"radio station"
]
}
|
WDIY (88.1 FM) is a community public radio station licensed to Allentown, Pennsylvania, with studios in Bethlehem and transmitter atop South Mountain. The station is the NPR member for the Lehigh Valley of eastern Pennsylvania, and also serves parts of western New Jersey.
WDIY has an air staff of over 90 volunteers and a professional staff of six employees, including an executive director. The station is licensed to Lehigh Valley Community Broadcasters Association, Inc., a nonprofit organization whose mission "is to engage the Lehigh Valley community through a wide-ranging exchange of music, arts, news and culturally diverse information."
Background
WDIY began broadcasting on January 8, 1995, operating at 100 watts. Before then, the Lehigh Valley was one of the few areas of Pennsylvania without a locally-based NPR station. WHYY-FM in Philadelphia provides grade B coverage to most of the Lehigh Valley, while WVIA-FM in Scranton has long operated low-powered translators in parts of the region.
Although WDIY's transmitter power was modest for a full NPR member on the FM band, its antenna on top of South Mountain enabled the station to reach most of the immediate Lehigh Valley region. In 2015, the Federal Communications Commission approved a request to triple the station's power to 300 watts. Although still operating with modest power for a full NPR member, the power increase expanded WDIY's primary coverage area to over a half-million people. Its full reach extends 70 miles, providing at least secondary coverage from Clinton, New Jersey to Reading, Pennsylvania.As a public station, WDIY depends on listener support as one of its major sources of revenue. During the past 10 years, the station's number of listener members has nearly doubled, increasing from 1,100 in 2008 to 2,000 in 2018.
Programming
WDIY's program schedule includes NPR's Morning Edition, Fresh Air with Terry Gross and All Things Considered weekdays, with classical music and adult album alternative music between the news shows. Early evening programming during the week includes locally-produced public affairs programs as well as NPR's TED Radio Hour and On the Media. Weeknights and weekends, the station features a variety of music, including folk, blues, electronic, jazz, world music, alternative rock, classical, avant-garde and ethnic music. The station also carries NPR's Weekend Edition on Saturday and Sunday mornings and Ask Me Another on Saturday morning.
Translators
WDIY began broadcasting on 88.1 FM at 100 watts. Even with its transmitter located atop South Mountain at 843 feet above average terrain, its signal was for the most part limited to Lehigh and Northampton counties. Easton, the region's third-largest city, only received a grade B signal. To boost its coverage, WDIY installed two translators. One, located at 93.9, serves the area around Easton, as well as western Warren County. The station's other translator at 93.7 serves the Trexlertown and Fogelsville areas in western Lehigh County. With its increase to 300 watts in 2015, the station not only covers the Valley but can now be heard in the surrounding regions of eastern Pennsylvania and western New Jersey.
See also
Media in the Lehigh Valley
List of community radio stations in the United States
References
External links
WDIY official website
WDIY-FM at Twitter
WDIY in the FCC FM station database
WDIY on Radio-Locator
WDIY in Nielsen Audio's FM station database
W230AG on Radio-Locator
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
74
],
"text": [
"Pennsylvania"
]
}
|
Belvedere College S.J. (sometimes St Francis Xavier's College) is a voluntary secondary school for boys in Dublin, Ireland. The school has numerous notable alumni in the arts, politics, sports, science, and business. Alumni and teachers at Belvedere played major roles in modern Irish literature (James Joyce, Austin Clarke, the foundation of Ireland's National Theatre), the standardisation of the Irish language (de Bhaldraithe), as well as the Irish independence movement – both the 1916 Rising (Joseph Mary Plunkett, Éamon de Valera) and the Irish War of Independence (Éamon de Valera, Cathal Brugha, Kevin Barry). The school's notable alumni and former faculty include two Taoisigh (Irish Prime Minister), one Ceann Comhairle (Speaker of the Lower House of the Irish Parliament), several cabinet ministers, one Blessed, one Cardinal, one Archbishop, one signatory of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic, two Supreme Court Justices, one Olympic medallist, thirty Irish international rugby players and numerous notable figures in the world of the arts, academia and business. Belvedere College forms the setting for part of James Joyce's semi-autobiographical novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man'
History
Belvedere owes its origins to the efforts of John Austin who opened primary and secondary schools off Fishamble Street in 1750. The Society of Jesus has been active in the area around Hardwicke Street since 1790. They founded St Francis Xavier's College in the disused Poor Clare convent on Hardwicke Street with nine students in 1832, three years after Catholic emancipation. In 1841, the Jesuits purchased Belvedere House on neighbouring Great Denmark Street, which gave the school its name. George Augustus Rochfort (1738–1814), who became the second Earl of Belvedere in 1774, built Belvedere House, whose interior decoration was carried out by Michael Stapleton, a leading stucco craftsman of his time.Belvedere was caught up in the events of the 1916 Rising, when the British military opened fire at the Jesuit residence. The Jesuits at Belvedere and the neighbouring Gardiner Street Community helped the wounded and distributed food across the locality.
In February 2012 Chinese Politburo member and future paramount leader Xi Jinping visited the college as part of his visit to Ireland for a special reception in the O'Reilly theatre. An annual exchange with a Jesuit school in Hong Kong was the catalyst for this visit.
School museum
A school museum and archive were opened in 2002 by former teacher Oliver Murphy, dedicated to the history of the institution and its past pupils.
Education
Belvedere offers the Irish Junior Certificate and Leaving Certificate curricula.
Classics
The school still offers Latin as both a Junior and Leaving Certificate subject and offers Ancient Greek as a Junior and Leaving Certificate subject when there is sufficient demand. Classical Studies is also offered at Leaving Certificate level.
Science
Garret A. FitzGerald, an Old Belvederian and senior faculty member at the University of Pennsylvania, has instituted an annual five-week scholarship for two students who excel in Transition Year science.
Facilities
Belvedere has a 25m 5 lane indoor swimming pool, gym, restaurant and refectory, music suite, learning resource centre, museum, chapel and oratory, 3 hard tennis courts (Cabra Sports Ground), 1 astroturf (Distillery Road) and 5 grass rugby pitches (Cabra Sports Ground), a cricket pitch (Cabra Sports Ground), 1 grass soccer pitch (Cabra Sports Ground), 1 astro 7-a-side football pitch on top of the O'Reilly Theatre and a 60m 8 lane roof-top running track (Kerr Wing). The school also has a professional standard 590-seat theatre with a motorised stage and retractable seating, the O'Reilly Theatre, which is used to stage school plays and musicals but has also been used by RTÉ, TV3 and an assortment of dramatic organisations and hosted live audience TV shows such as The Panel and Tonight with Vincent Browne.
The school also has three computer labs, cabled and wireless networking to every classroom, and other IT features including dedicated networks for the library and certain functions.
In 2004, Belvedere opened the Dargan Moloney Science and Technology Block, which has state-of-the-art laboratories, lecture theatres and IT hubs.
Charitable activities
The school has a wide range of charitable activities. Some students travel with the annual Dublin Diocesan, Meath Diocesan and Oblate Pilgrimages to Lourdes, France, to assist the elderly and the disabled. Belvedere's St Vincent de Paul Society is one of the largest among secondary schools in Ireland, organising activities such as old-folks events and a weekly soup run in inner city Dublin. Beginning in 1981, some students have undertaken a charity walk from Dublin to Galway each summer to raise funds for Irish Guide Dogs for the Blind, St Francis Hospice, and The Temple Street Children's University Hospital, located very near the school. The "block-pull", as it is known, has raised over €70,000 in a single event.An annual charitable fundraising event held by the college is the "Belvedere Sleep-Out", which takes place from 22 to 24 December each year. Students "go homeless" on Dublin's O'Connell Street for three days and two nights. The Sleep-Out is run primarily by students from the college, with the assistance of a number of teachers and past pupils, to raise funds for Focus Ireland, The Home Again Society, and Father Peter McVerry's Society for homeless boys. The students fast for 24 hours during the Sleep-Out. The culmination is Christmas Eve midnight mass in the college chapel. In 2015, the event raised over €189,000 over the Christmas period for the charities. This record was broken in 2016, when the event raised €225,021 for the charities.
However, in 2022, the Belvedere College Sleepout became a huge national story and was promoted across multiple platforms and set a new All Time record of over €304,000.
Sports
Belvedere has the most Royal College of Science Cup (Overall best school in track and field) wins at the Irish Schools Athletics Championships. Belvedere won 15 consecutive Royal College of Science Cup awards between 1999 and 2014.Field sports are a traditional strength of the school. In October 2013 Belvedere held the all-Ireland schools senior track and field trophy, having won the title in the previous seven years. It also held numerous other titles at provincial levels.Belvedere has won 35 Leinster Senior Cricket Schools Cup titles, as of 2016.Belvedere, sometimes known as Belvo, has a strong rugby union football tradition, being one of the traditional "Big Three", along with Blackrock College and Terenure College. In 2005, for the first time in the school's history, it won both the Leinster Junior Cup and the Leinster Schools Senior Cup. In 2016 Belvedere, with eleven titles, stood second in the Leinster Senior Cup roll of honour, behind Blackrock College (68). A further success came on 17 March 2017, when Belvedere beat Blackrock College 10–3 at the RDS.
Drama
Drama productions form an integral part of Belvedere's year. Each academic year, there are four performances: a Junior Musical, a Senior Musical, a Drama Society production, and a First Year Play. Productions have included Les Misérables (school edition) in 2004, and the stage adaptation of Philip Pullman's His Dark Materials in 2007. Other productions of note include Bugsy Malone, The Adventures of Roderick Random, David Copperfield, Aladdin, Jesus Christ Superstar, A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, The Wind in the Willows, Prince Caspian and The Voyage of the Dawn Treader, Treasure Island, The Lord of the Rings, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, The Addams Family, West Side Storyand The Pirates of Penzance.
In 2016, an original play entitled Children of the Rising was staged at the school. The play was written by a member of staff and was nominated for a Bord Gáis Energy Student Theatre Award for Best Overall Play. The play was based on the book Children of The Rising by Joe Duffy.
Other activities
The school has debating societies in the English, Irish, Spanish, German, and French languages. Belvedere has won the all-Ireland schools debating competition (2005 among other years), the Denny Leinster Schools Senior Debating Championship in 2010, the L&H society Leinster Junior debating competition, and also the Alliance Française debating championship and Leinster Irish debating final.Belvedere was successful in the last series of Blackboard Jungle, a popular television programme on RTÉ.The school's longstanding Concert Choir hosts the Annual Christmas Carol Service in December, and the Annual Musical Evening in May. The choir have undertaken recordings in RTÉ, and has been successful at both the Feis Ceoil and the Wesley Feis. The college orchestra has won events at both the Wesley Feis and the Feis Ceoil.
The school has an active urban farm, growing vegetables and housing bees. The farm won the Global High Schools Europe Category at the Zayed Future Energy Prize in 2017.
Culture of Belvedere
Belvedere College is run by the Jesuit order. Most of the school's teaching staff are lay-persons, although a number of Jesuit priests and brothers assist with administration and chaplaincy.
The school motto is Per Vias Rectas – "By Straight Paths" – and the college aspires to produce "Men for Others". Students often write "AMDG" for Ad maiorem Dei gloriam, "For the greater glory of God", the motto of the Society of Jesus, on the top left of pages of their copybooks. They formerly also wrote "LDSetBVM" or Laus Deo Semper et Beatae Virgini Mariae ("Praise to God forever and to the Blessed Virgin Mary") on the bottom right of the same page.
The students are assigned to one of six lines or houses, mainly named after Jesuits who were either famous or had an association with Belvedere: Loyola, Xavier, Aylmer, Kenney, Finlay and Scully (previously named Dempsey after George Dempsey). Years are named after the progression in the Jesuit Ratio Studiorum: Elements, Rudiments, Grammar, Syntax, Poetry, and Rhetoric. Each form except Rhetoric has a captain and vice-captain.
The school's yearbook is The Belvederian. The term "Belvederian" is also sometimes used to refer to current students and "Old Belvederian" (OB) for alumni. Old Belvederians normally refer to their graduation by using "OB" followed by their final year in the college, for example, "OB 1984".
Belvedere College is the backdrop for some of James Joyce's novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. It is a semi-autobiographical piece of work and the teacher, Mr Tate, was based on Joyce's own English teacher, George Dempsey. In the book Joyce mentions his involvement in the College Opera which continues today. In 1884, James Aloysius Cullen was appointed spiritual father at Belvedere, a position he retained for twenty years while also engaged in other ministry. Cullen was founder and director of the Sodality of Our Lady at the college, which duties included counselling students. In 1896, James Joyce was elected Student Prefect of the Society. According to Neil R. Davison, the sermons in Chapter III of A Portrait of the Artist are modeled on those given by Cullen during a retreat held in 1897.
Notable past pupils
Notable faculty
Éamon de Valera – Irish statesman (1882–1975)
George Dempsey – model for Mr. Tate in Joyce's Portrait of an Artist and after whom a stream class "Dempsey" was named for a number of years
Phil Conway - Former PE teacher who competed for Ireland at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich in the Shot Put
Michael Morrison - photographer at the liberation of Bergen Belsen concentration camp
Peter McVerry - homelessness campaigner in Dublin
John Hennig - worked as a teacher for a period during the 1940s
See also
List of Jesuit schools
List of Jesuit sites in Ireland
List of alumni of Jesuit educational institutions
References
External links
Belvedere College website
Belvedere College Past Pupils Union website
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
78
],
"text": [
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]
}
|
Belvedere College S.J. (sometimes St Francis Xavier's College) is a voluntary secondary school for boys in Dublin, Ireland. The school has numerous notable alumni in the arts, politics, sports, science, and business. Alumni and teachers at Belvedere played major roles in modern Irish literature (James Joyce, Austin Clarke, the foundation of Ireland's National Theatre), the standardisation of the Irish language (de Bhaldraithe), as well as the Irish independence movement – both the 1916 Rising (Joseph Mary Plunkett, Éamon de Valera) and the Irish War of Independence (Éamon de Valera, Cathal Brugha, Kevin Barry). The school's notable alumni and former faculty include two Taoisigh (Irish Prime Minister), one Ceann Comhairle (Speaker of the Lower House of the Irish Parliament), several cabinet ministers, one Blessed, one Cardinal, one Archbishop, one signatory of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic, two Supreme Court Justices, one Olympic medallist, thirty Irish international rugby players and numerous notable figures in the world of the arts, academia and business. Belvedere College forms the setting for part of James Joyce's semi-autobiographical novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man'
History
Belvedere owes its origins to the efforts of John Austin who opened primary and secondary schools off Fishamble Street in 1750. The Society of Jesus has been active in the area around Hardwicke Street since 1790. They founded St Francis Xavier's College in the disused Poor Clare convent on Hardwicke Street with nine students in 1832, three years after Catholic emancipation. In 1841, the Jesuits purchased Belvedere House on neighbouring Great Denmark Street, which gave the school its name. George Augustus Rochfort (1738–1814), who became the second Earl of Belvedere in 1774, built Belvedere House, whose interior decoration was carried out by Michael Stapleton, a leading stucco craftsman of his time.Belvedere was caught up in the events of the 1916 Rising, when the British military opened fire at the Jesuit residence. The Jesuits at Belvedere and the neighbouring Gardiner Street Community helped the wounded and distributed food across the locality.
In February 2012 Chinese Politburo member and future paramount leader Xi Jinping visited the college as part of his visit to Ireland for a special reception in the O'Reilly theatre. An annual exchange with a Jesuit school in Hong Kong was the catalyst for this visit.
School museum
A school museum and archive were opened in 2002 by former teacher Oliver Murphy, dedicated to the history of the institution and its past pupils.
Education
Belvedere offers the Irish Junior Certificate and Leaving Certificate curricula.
Classics
The school still offers Latin as both a Junior and Leaving Certificate subject and offers Ancient Greek as a Junior and Leaving Certificate subject when there is sufficient demand. Classical Studies is also offered at Leaving Certificate level.
Science
Garret A. FitzGerald, an Old Belvederian and senior faculty member at the University of Pennsylvania, has instituted an annual five-week scholarship for two students who excel in Transition Year science.
Facilities
Belvedere has a 25m 5 lane indoor swimming pool, gym, restaurant and refectory, music suite, learning resource centre, museum, chapel and oratory, 3 hard tennis courts (Cabra Sports Ground), 1 astroturf (Distillery Road) and 5 grass rugby pitches (Cabra Sports Ground), a cricket pitch (Cabra Sports Ground), 1 grass soccer pitch (Cabra Sports Ground), 1 astro 7-a-side football pitch on top of the O'Reilly Theatre and a 60m 8 lane roof-top running track (Kerr Wing). The school also has a professional standard 590-seat theatre with a motorised stage and retractable seating, the O'Reilly Theatre, which is used to stage school plays and musicals but has also been used by RTÉ, TV3 and an assortment of dramatic organisations and hosted live audience TV shows such as The Panel and Tonight with Vincent Browne.
The school also has three computer labs, cabled and wireless networking to every classroom, and other IT features including dedicated networks for the library and certain functions.
In 2004, Belvedere opened the Dargan Moloney Science and Technology Block, which has state-of-the-art laboratories, lecture theatres and IT hubs.
Charitable activities
The school has a wide range of charitable activities. Some students travel with the annual Dublin Diocesan, Meath Diocesan and Oblate Pilgrimages to Lourdes, France, to assist the elderly and the disabled. Belvedere's St Vincent de Paul Society is one of the largest among secondary schools in Ireland, organising activities such as old-folks events and a weekly soup run in inner city Dublin. Beginning in 1981, some students have undertaken a charity walk from Dublin to Galway each summer to raise funds for Irish Guide Dogs for the Blind, St Francis Hospice, and The Temple Street Children's University Hospital, located very near the school. The "block-pull", as it is known, has raised over €70,000 in a single event.An annual charitable fundraising event held by the college is the "Belvedere Sleep-Out", which takes place from 22 to 24 December each year. Students "go homeless" on Dublin's O'Connell Street for three days and two nights. The Sleep-Out is run primarily by students from the college, with the assistance of a number of teachers and past pupils, to raise funds for Focus Ireland, The Home Again Society, and Father Peter McVerry's Society for homeless boys. The students fast for 24 hours during the Sleep-Out. The culmination is Christmas Eve midnight mass in the college chapel. In 2015, the event raised over €189,000 over the Christmas period for the charities. This record was broken in 2016, when the event raised €225,021 for the charities.
However, in 2022, the Belvedere College Sleepout became a huge national story and was promoted across multiple platforms and set a new All Time record of over €304,000.
Sports
Belvedere has the most Royal College of Science Cup (Overall best school in track and field) wins at the Irish Schools Athletics Championships. Belvedere won 15 consecutive Royal College of Science Cup awards between 1999 and 2014.Field sports are a traditional strength of the school. In October 2013 Belvedere held the all-Ireland schools senior track and field trophy, having won the title in the previous seven years. It also held numerous other titles at provincial levels.Belvedere has won 35 Leinster Senior Cricket Schools Cup titles, as of 2016.Belvedere, sometimes known as Belvo, has a strong rugby union football tradition, being one of the traditional "Big Three", along with Blackrock College and Terenure College. In 2005, for the first time in the school's history, it won both the Leinster Junior Cup and the Leinster Schools Senior Cup. In 2016 Belvedere, with eleven titles, stood second in the Leinster Senior Cup roll of honour, behind Blackrock College (68). A further success came on 17 March 2017, when Belvedere beat Blackrock College 10–3 at the RDS.
Drama
Drama productions form an integral part of Belvedere's year. Each academic year, there are four performances: a Junior Musical, a Senior Musical, a Drama Society production, and a First Year Play. Productions have included Les Misérables (school edition) in 2004, and the stage adaptation of Philip Pullman's His Dark Materials in 2007. Other productions of note include Bugsy Malone, The Adventures of Roderick Random, David Copperfield, Aladdin, Jesus Christ Superstar, A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, The Wind in the Willows, Prince Caspian and The Voyage of the Dawn Treader, Treasure Island, The Lord of the Rings, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, The Addams Family, West Side Storyand The Pirates of Penzance.
In 2016, an original play entitled Children of the Rising was staged at the school. The play was written by a member of staff and was nominated for a Bord Gáis Energy Student Theatre Award for Best Overall Play. The play was based on the book Children of The Rising by Joe Duffy.
Other activities
The school has debating societies in the English, Irish, Spanish, German, and French languages. Belvedere has won the all-Ireland schools debating competition (2005 among other years), the Denny Leinster Schools Senior Debating Championship in 2010, the L&H society Leinster Junior debating competition, and also the Alliance Française debating championship and Leinster Irish debating final.Belvedere was successful in the last series of Blackboard Jungle, a popular television programme on RTÉ.The school's longstanding Concert Choir hosts the Annual Christmas Carol Service in December, and the Annual Musical Evening in May. The choir have undertaken recordings in RTÉ, and has been successful at both the Feis Ceoil and the Wesley Feis. The college orchestra has won events at both the Wesley Feis and the Feis Ceoil.
The school has an active urban farm, growing vegetables and housing bees. The farm won the Global High Schools Europe Category at the Zayed Future Energy Prize in 2017.
Culture of Belvedere
Belvedere College is run by the Jesuit order. Most of the school's teaching staff are lay-persons, although a number of Jesuit priests and brothers assist with administration and chaplaincy.
The school motto is Per Vias Rectas – "By Straight Paths" – and the college aspires to produce "Men for Others". Students often write "AMDG" for Ad maiorem Dei gloriam, "For the greater glory of God", the motto of the Society of Jesus, on the top left of pages of their copybooks. They formerly also wrote "LDSetBVM" or Laus Deo Semper et Beatae Virgini Mariae ("Praise to God forever and to the Blessed Virgin Mary") on the bottom right of the same page.
The students are assigned to one of six lines or houses, mainly named after Jesuits who were either famous or had an association with Belvedere: Loyola, Xavier, Aylmer, Kenney, Finlay and Scully (previously named Dempsey after George Dempsey). Years are named after the progression in the Jesuit Ratio Studiorum: Elements, Rudiments, Grammar, Syntax, Poetry, and Rhetoric. Each form except Rhetoric has a captain and vice-captain.
The school's yearbook is The Belvederian. The term "Belvederian" is also sometimes used to refer to current students and "Old Belvederian" (OB) for alumni. Old Belvederians normally refer to their graduation by using "OB" followed by their final year in the college, for example, "OB 1984".
Belvedere College is the backdrop for some of James Joyce's novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. It is a semi-autobiographical piece of work and the teacher, Mr Tate, was based on Joyce's own English teacher, George Dempsey. In the book Joyce mentions his involvement in the College Opera which continues today. In 1884, James Aloysius Cullen was appointed spiritual father at Belvedere, a position he retained for twenty years while also engaged in other ministry. Cullen was founder and director of the Sodality of Our Lady at the college, which duties included counselling students. In 1896, James Joyce was elected Student Prefect of the Society. According to Neil R. Davison, the sermons in Chapter III of A Portrait of the Artist are modeled on those given by Cullen during a retreat held in 1897.
Notable past pupils
Notable faculty
Éamon de Valera – Irish statesman (1882–1975)
George Dempsey – model for Mr. Tate in Joyce's Portrait of an Artist and after whom a stream class "Dempsey" was named for a number of years
Phil Conway - Former PE teacher who competed for Ireland at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich in the Shot Put
Michael Morrison - photographer at the liberation of Bergen Belsen concentration camp
Peter McVerry - homelessness campaigner in Dublin
John Hennig - worked as a teacher for a period during the 1940s
See also
List of Jesuit schools
List of Jesuit sites in Ireland
List of alumni of Jesuit educational institutions
References
External links
Belvedere College website
Belvedere College Past Pupils Union website
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
107
],
"text": [
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]
}
|
Belvedere College S.J. (sometimes St Francis Xavier's College) is a voluntary secondary school for boys in Dublin, Ireland. The school has numerous notable alumni in the arts, politics, sports, science, and business. Alumni and teachers at Belvedere played major roles in modern Irish literature (James Joyce, Austin Clarke, the foundation of Ireland's National Theatre), the standardisation of the Irish language (de Bhaldraithe), as well as the Irish independence movement – both the 1916 Rising (Joseph Mary Plunkett, Éamon de Valera) and the Irish War of Independence (Éamon de Valera, Cathal Brugha, Kevin Barry). The school's notable alumni and former faculty include two Taoisigh (Irish Prime Minister), one Ceann Comhairle (Speaker of the Lower House of the Irish Parliament), several cabinet ministers, one Blessed, one Cardinal, one Archbishop, one signatory of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic, two Supreme Court Justices, one Olympic medallist, thirty Irish international rugby players and numerous notable figures in the world of the arts, academia and business. Belvedere College forms the setting for part of James Joyce's semi-autobiographical novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man'
History
Belvedere owes its origins to the efforts of John Austin who opened primary and secondary schools off Fishamble Street in 1750. The Society of Jesus has been active in the area around Hardwicke Street since 1790. They founded St Francis Xavier's College in the disused Poor Clare convent on Hardwicke Street with nine students in 1832, three years after Catholic emancipation. In 1841, the Jesuits purchased Belvedere House on neighbouring Great Denmark Street, which gave the school its name. George Augustus Rochfort (1738–1814), who became the second Earl of Belvedere in 1774, built Belvedere House, whose interior decoration was carried out by Michael Stapleton, a leading stucco craftsman of his time.Belvedere was caught up in the events of the 1916 Rising, when the British military opened fire at the Jesuit residence. The Jesuits at Belvedere and the neighbouring Gardiner Street Community helped the wounded and distributed food across the locality.
In February 2012 Chinese Politburo member and future paramount leader Xi Jinping visited the college as part of his visit to Ireland for a special reception in the O'Reilly theatre. An annual exchange with a Jesuit school in Hong Kong was the catalyst for this visit.
School museum
A school museum and archive were opened in 2002 by former teacher Oliver Murphy, dedicated to the history of the institution and its past pupils.
Education
Belvedere offers the Irish Junior Certificate and Leaving Certificate curricula.
Classics
The school still offers Latin as both a Junior and Leaving Certificate subject and offers Ancient Greek as a Junior and Leaving Certificate subject when there is sufficient demand. Classical Studies is also offered at Leaving Certificate level.
Science
Garret A. FitzGerald, an Old Belvederian and senior faculty member at the University of Pennsylvania, has instituted an annual five-week scholarship for two students who excel in Transition Year science.
Facilities
Belvedere has a 25m 5 lane indoor swimming pool, gym, restaurant and refectory, music suite, learning resource centre, museum, chapel and oratory, 3 hard tennis courts (Cabra Sports Ground), 1 astroturf (Distillery Road) and 5 grass rugby pitches (Cabra Sports Ground), a cricket pitch (Cabra Sports Ground), 1 grass soccer pitch (Cabra Sports Ground), 1 astro 7-a-side football pitch on top of the O'Reilly Theatre and a 60m 8 lane roof-top running track (Kerr Wing). The school also has a professional standard 590-seat theatre with a motorised stage and retractable seating, the O'Reilly Theatre, which is used to stage school plays and musicals but has also been used by RTÉ, TV3 and an assortment of dramatic organisations and hosted live audience TV shows such as The Panel and Tonight with Vincent Browne.
The school also has three computer labs, cabled and wireless networking to every classroom, and other IT features including dedicated networks for the library and certain functions.
In 2004, Belvedere opened the Dargan Moloney Science and Technology Block, which has state-of-the-art laboratories, lecture theatres and IT hubs.
Charitable activities
The school has a wide range of charitable activities. Some students travel with the annual Dublin Diocesan, Meath Diocesan and Oblate Pilgrimages to Lourdes, France, to assist the elderly and the disabled. Belvedere's St Vincent de Paul Society is one of the largest among secondary schools in Ireland, organising activities such as old-folks events and a weekly soup run in inner city Dublin. Beginning in 1981, some students have undertaken a charity walk from Dublin to Galway each summer to raise funds for Irish Guide Dogs for the Blind, St Francis Hospice, and The Temple Street Children's University Hospital, located very near the school. The "block-pull", as it is known, has raised over €70,000 in a single event.An annual charitable fundraising event held by the college is the "Belvedere Sleep-Out", which takes place from 22 to 24 December each year. Students "go homeless" on Dublin's O'Connell Street for three days and two nights. The Sleep-Out is run primarily by students from the college, with the assistance of a number of teachers and past pupils, to raise funds for Focus Ireland, The Home Again Society, and Father Peter McVerry's Society for homeless boys. The students fast for 24 hours during the Sleep-Out. The culmination is Christmas Eve midnight mass in the college chapel. In 2015, the event raised over €189,000 over the Christmas period for the charities. This record was broken in 2016, when the event raised €225,021 for the charities.
However, in 2022, the Belvedere College Sleepout became a huge national story and was promoted across multiple platforms and set a new All Time record of over €304,000.
Sports
Belvedere has the most Royal College of Science Cup (Overall best school in track and field) wins at the Irish Schools Athletics Championships. Belvedere won 15 consecutive Royal College of Science Cup awards between 1999 and 2014.Field sports are a traditional strength of the school. In October 2013 Belvedere held the all-Ireland schools senior track and field trophy, having won the title in the previous seven years. It also held numerous other titles at provincial levels.Belvedere has won 35 Leinster Senior Cricket Schools Cup titles, as of 2016.Belvedere, sometimes known as Belvo, has a strong rugby union football tradition, being one of the traditional "Big Three", along with Blackrock College and Terenure College. In 2005, for the first time in the school's history, it won both the Leinster Junior Cup and the Leinster Schools Senior Cup. In 2016 Belvedere, with eleven titles, stood second in the Leinster Senior Cup roll of honour, behind Blackrock College (68). A further success came on 17 March 2017, when Belvedere beat Blackrock College 10–3 at the RDS.
Drama
Drama productions form an integral part of Belvedere's year. Each academic year, there are four performances: a Junior Musical, a Senior Musical, a Drama Society production, and a First Year Play. Productions have included Les Misérables (school edition) in 2004, and the stage adaptation of Philip Pullman's His Dark Materials in 2007. Other productions of note include Bugsy Malone, The Adventures of Roderick Random, David Copperfield, Aladdin, Jesus Christ Superstar, A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, The Wind in the Willows, Prince Caspian and The Voyage of the Dawn Treader, Treasure Island, The Lord of the Rings, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, The Addams Family, West Side Storyand The Pirates of Penzance.
In 2016, an original play entitled Children of the Rising was staged at the school. The play was written by a member of staff and was nominated for a Bord Gáis Energy Student Theatre Award for Best Overall Play. The play was based on the book Children of The Rising by Joe Duffy.
Other activities
The school has debating societies in the English, Irish, Spanish, German, and French languages. Belvedere has won the all-Ireland schools debating competition (2005 among other years), the Denny Leinster Schools Senior Debating Championship in 2010, the L&H society Leinster Junior debating competition, and also the Alliance Française debating championship and Leinster Irish debating final.Belvedere was successful in the last series of Blackboard Jungle, a popular television programme on RTÉ.The school's longstanding Concert Choir hosts the Annual Christmas Carol Service in December, and the Annual Musical Evening in May. The choir have undertaken recordings in RTÉ, and has been successful at both the Feis Ceoil and the Wesley Feis. The college orchestra has won events at both the Wesley Feis and the Feis Ceoil.
The school has an active urban farm, growing vegetables and housing bees. The farm won the Global High Schools Europe Category at the Zayed Future Energy Prize in 2017.
Culture of Belvedere
Belvedere College is run by the Jesuit order. Most of the school's teaching staff are lay-persons, although a number of Jesuit priests and brothers assist with administration and chaplaincy.
The school motto is Per Vias Rectas – "By Straight Paths" – and the college aspires to produce "Men for Others". Students often write "AMDG" for Ad maiorem Dei gloriam, "For the greater glory of God", the motto of the Society of Jesus, on the top left of pages of their copybooks. They formerly also wrote "LDSetBVM" or Laus Deo Semper et Beatae Virgini Mariae ("Praise to God forever and to the Blessed Virgin Mary") on the bottom right of the same page.
The students are assigned to one of six lines or houses, mainly named after Jesuits who were either famous or had an association with Belvedere: Loyola, Xavier, Aylmer, Kenney, Finlay and Scully (previously named Dempsey after George Dempsey). Years are named after the progression in the Jesuit Ratio Studiorum: Elements, Rudiments, Grammar, Syntax, Poetry, and Rhetoric. Each form except Rhetoric has a captain and vice-captain.
The school's yearbook is The Belvederian. The term "Belvederian" is also sometimes used to refer to current students and "Old Belvederian" (OB) for alumni. Old Belvederians normally refer to their graduation by using "OB" followed by their final year in the college, for example, "OB 1984".
Belvedere College is the backdrop for some of James Joyce's novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. It is a semi-autobiographical piece of work and the teacher, Mr Tate, was based on Joyce's own English teacher, George Dempsey. In the book Joyce mentions his involvement in the College Opera which continues today. In 1884, James Aloysius Cullen was appointed spiritual father at Belvedere, a position he retained for twenty years while also engaged in other ministry. Cullen was founder and director of the Sodality of Our Lady at the college, which duties included counselling students. In 1896, James Joyce was elected Student Prefect of the Society. According to Neil R. Davison, the sermons in Chapter III of A Portrait of the Artist are modeled on those given by Cullen during a retreat held in 1897.
Notable past pupils
Notable faculty
Éamon de Valera – Irish statesman (1882–1975)
George Dempsey – model for Mr. Tate in Joyce's Portrait of an Artist and after whom a stream class "Dempsey" was named for a number of years
Phil Conway - Former PE teacher who competed for Ireland at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich in the Shot Put
Michael Morrison - photographer at the liberation of Bergen Belsen concentration camp
Peter McVerry - homelessness campaigner in Dublin
John Hennig - worked as a teacher for a period during the 1940s
See also
List of Jesuit schools
List of Jesuit sites in Ireland
List of alumni of Jesuit educational institutions
References
External links
Belvedere College website
Belvedere College Past Pupils Union website
|
Commons category
|
{
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Belvedere College S.J. (sometimes St Francis Xavier's College) is a voluntary secondary school for boys in Dublin, Ireland. The school has numerous notable alumni in the arts, politics, sports, science, and business. Alumni and teachers at Belvedere played major roles in modern Irish literature (James Joyce, Austin Clarke, the foundation of Ireland's National Theatre), the standardisation of the Irish language (de Bhaldraithe), as well as the Irish independence movement – both the 1916 Rising (Joseph Mary Plunkett, Éamon de Valera) and the Irish War of Independence (Éamon de Valera, Cathal Brugha, Kevin Barry). The school's notable alumni and former faculty include two Taoisigh (Irish Prime Minister), one Ceann Comhairle (Speaker of the Lower House of the Irish Parliament), several cabinet ministers, one Blessed, one Cardinal, one Archbishop, one signatory of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic, two Supreme Court Justices, one Olympic medallist, thirty Irish international rugby players and numerous notable figures in the world of the arts, academia and business. Belvedere College forms the setting for part of James Joyce's semi-autobiographical novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man'
History
Belvedere owes its origins to the efforts of John Austin who opened primary and secondary schools off Fishamble Street in 1750. The Society of Jesus has been active in the area around Hardwicke Street since 1790. They founded St Francis Xavier's College in the disused Poor Clare convent on Hardwicke Street with nine students in 1832, three years after Catholic emancipation. In 1841, the Jesuits purchased Belvedere House on neighbouring Great Denmark Street, which gave the school its name. George Augustus Rochfort (1738–1814), who became the second Earl of Belvedere in 1774, built Belvedere House, whose interior decoration was carried out by Michael Stapleton, a leading stucco craftsman of his time.Belvedere was caught up in the events of the 1916 Rising, when the British military opened fire at the Jesuit residence. The Jesuits at Belvedere and the neighbouring Gardiner Street Community helped the wounded and distributed food across the locality.
In February 2012 Chinese Politburo member and future paramount leader Xi Jinping visited the college as part of his visit to Ireland for a special reception in the O'Reilly theatre. An annual exchange with a Jesuit school in Hong Kong was the catalyst for this visit.
School museum
A school museum and archive were opened in 2002 by former teacher Oliver Murphy, dedicated to the history of the institution and its past pupils.
Education
Belvedere offers the Irish Junior Certificate and Leaving Certificate curricula.
Classics
The school still offers Latin as both a Junior and Leaving Certificate subject and offers Ancient Greek as a Junior and Leaving Certificate subject when there is sufficient demand. Classical Studies is also offered at Leaving Certificate level.
Science
Garret A. FitzGerald, an Old Belvederian and senior faculty member at the University of Pennsylvania, has instituted an annual five-week scholarship for two students who excel in Transition Year science.
Facilities
Belvedere has a 25m 5 lane indoor swimming pool, gym, restaurant and refectory, music suite, learning resource centre, museum, chapel and oratory, 3 hard tennis courts (Cabra Sports Ground), 1 astroturf (Distillery Road) and 5 grass rugby pitches (Cabra Sports Ground), a cricket pitch (Cabra Sports Ground), 1 grass soccer pitch (Cabra Sports Ground), 1 astro 7-a-side football pitch on top of the O'Reilly Theatre and a 60m 8 lane roof-top running track (Kerr Wing). The school also has a professional standard 590-seat theatre with a motorised stage and retractable seating, the O'Reilly Theatre, which is used to stage school plays and musicals but has also been used by RTÉ, TV3 and an assortment of dramatic organisations and hosted live audience TV shows such as The Panel and Tonight with Vincent Browne.
The school also has three computer labs, cabled and wireless networking to every classroom, and other IT features including dedicated networks for the library and certain functions.
In 2004, Belvedere opened the Dargan Moloney Science and Technology Block, which has state-of-the-art laboratories, lecture theatres and IT hubs.
Charitable activities
The school has a wide range of charitable activities. Some students travel with the annual Dublin Diocesan, Meath Diocesan and Oblate Pilgrimages to Lourdes, France, to assist the elderly and the disabled. Belvedere's St Vincent de Paul Society is one of the largest among secondary schools in Ireland, organising activities such as old-folks events and a weekly soup run in inner city Dublin. Beginning in 1981, some students have undertaken a charity walk from Dublin to Galway each summer to raise funds for Irish Guide Dogs for the Blind, St Francis Hospice, and The Temple Street Children's University Hospital, located very near the school. The "block-pull", as it is known, has raised over €70,000 in a single event.An annual charitable fundraising event held by the college is the "Belvedere Sleep-Out", which takes place from 22 to 24 December each year. Students "go homeless" on Dublin's O'Connell Street for three days and two nights. The Sleep-Out is run primarily by students from the college, with the assistance of a number of teachers and past pupils, to raise funds for Focus Ireland, The Home Again Society, and Father Peter McVerry's Society for homeless boys. The students fast for 24 hours during the Sleep-Out. The culmination is Christmas Eve midnight mass in the college chapel. In 2015, the event raised over €189,000 over the Christmas period for the charities. This record was broken in 2016, when the event raised €225,021 for the charities.
However, in 2022, the Belvedere College Sleepout became a huge national story and was promoted across multiple platforms and set a new All Time record of over €304,000.
Sports
Belvedere has the most Royal College of Science Cup (Overall best school in track and field) wins at the Irish Schools Athletics Championships. Belvedere won 15 consecutive Royal College of Science Cup awards between 1999 and 2014.Field sports are a traditional strength of the school. In October 2013 Belvedere held the all-Ireland schools senior track and field trophy, having won the title in the previous seven years. It also held numerous other titles at provincial levels.Belvedere has won 35 Leinster Senior Cricket Schools Cup titles, as of 2016.Belvedere, sometimes known as Belvo, has a strong rugby union football tradition, being one of the traditional "Big Three", along with Blackrock College and Terenure College. In 2005, for the first time in the school's history, it won both the Leinster Junior Cup and the Leinster Schools Senior Cup. In 2016 Belvedere, with eleven titles, stood second in the Leinster Senior Cup roll of honour, behind Blackrock College (68). A further success came on 17 March 2017, when Belvedere beat Blackrock College 10–3 at the RDS.
Drama
Drama productions form an integral part of Belvedere's year. Each academic year, there are four performances: a Junior Musical, a Senior Musical, a Drama Society production, and a First Year Play. Productions have included Les Misérables (school edition) in 2004, and the stage adaptation of Philip Pullman's His Dark Materials in 2007. Other productions of note include Bugsy Malone, The Adventures of Roderick Random, David Copperfield, Aladdin, Jesus Christ Superstar, A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, The Wind in the Willows, Prince Caspian and The Voyage of the Dawn Treader, Treasure Island, The Lord of the Rings, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, The Addams Family, West Side Storyand The Pirates of Penzance.
In 2016, an original play entitled Children of the Rising was staged at the school. The play was written by a member of staff and was nominated for a Bord Gáis Energy Student Theatre Award for Best Overall Play. The play was based on the book Children of The Rising by Joe Duffy.
Other activities
The school has debating societies in the English, Irish, Spanish, German, and French languages. Belvedere has won the all-Ireland schools debating competition (2005 among other years), the Denny Leinster Schools Senior Debating Championship in 2010, the L&H society Leinster Junior debating competition, and also the Alliance Française debating championship and Leinster Irish debating final.Belvedere was successful in the last series of Blackboard Jungle, a popular television programme on RTÉ.The school's longstanding Concert Choir hosts the Annual Christmas Carol Service in December, and the Annual Musical Evening in May. The choir have undertaken recordings in RTÉ, and has been successful at both the Feis Ceoil and the Wesley Feis. The college orchestra has won events at both the Wesley Feis and the Feis Ceoil.
The school has an active urban farm, growing vegetables and housing bees. The farm won the Global High Schools Europe Category at the Zayed Future Energy Prize in 2017.
Culture of Belvedere
Belvedere College is run by the Jesuit order. Most of the school's teaching staff are lay-persons, although a number of Jesuit priests and brothers assist with administration and chaplaincy.
The school motto is Per Vias Rectas – "By Straight Paths" – and the college aspires to produce "Men for Others". Students often write "AMDG" for Ad maiorem Dei gloriam, "For the greater glory of God", the motto of the Society of Jesus, on the top left of pages of their copybooks. They formerly also wrote "LDSetBVM" or Laus Deo Semper et Beatae Virgini Mariae ("Praise to God forever and to the Blessed Virgin Mary") on the bottom right of the same page.
The students are assigned to one of six lines or houses, mainly named after Jesuits who were either famous or had an association with Belvedere: Loyola, Xavier, Aylmer, Kenney, Finlay and Scully (previously named Dempsey after George Dempsey). Years are named after the progression in the Jesuit Ratio Studiorum: Elements, Rudiments, Grammar, Syntax, Poetry, and Rhetoric. Each form except Rhetoric has a captain and vice-captain.
The school's yearbook is The Belvederian. The term "Belvederian" is also sometimes used to refer to current students and "Old Belvederian" (OB) for alumni. Old Belvederians normally refer to their graduation by using "OB" followed by their final year in the college, for example, "OB 1984".
Belvedere College is the backdrop for some of James Joyce's novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. It is a semi-autobiographical piece of work and the teacher, Mr Tate, was based on Joyce's own English teacher, George Dempsey. In the book Joyce mentions his involvement in the College Opera which continues today. In 1884, James Aloysius Cullen was appointed spiritual father at Belvedere, a position he retained for twenty years while also engaged in other ministry. Cullen was founder and director of the Sodality of Our Lady at the college, which duties included counselling students. In 1896, James Joyce was elected Student Prefect of the Society. According to Neil R. Davison, the sermons in Chapter III of A Portrait of the Artist are modeled on those given by Cullen during a retreat held in 1897.
Notable past pupils
Notable faculty
Éamon de Valera – Irish statesman (1882–1975)
George Dempsey – model for Mr. Tate in Joyce's Portrait of an Artist and after whom a stream class "Dempsey" was named for a number of years
Phil Conway - Former PE teacher who competed for Ireland at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich in the Shot Put
Michael Morrison - photographer at the liberation of Bergen Belsen concentration camp
Peter McVerry - homelessness campaigner in Dublin
John Hennig - worked as a teacher for a period during the 1940s
See also
List of Jesuit schools
List of Jesuit sites in Ireland
List of alumni of Jesuit educational institutions
References
External links
Belvedere College website
Belvedere College Past Pupils Union website
|
motto text
|
{
"answer_start": [
9348
],
"text": [
"Per Vias Rectas"
]
}
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Sde Nehemia (Hebrew: שְׂדֵה נְחֶמְיָה, lit. Nehemia's Field) (Sde Nehemya) is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located in the Upper Galilee, it falls under the jurisdiction of Upper Galilee Regional Council. In 2021 it had a population of 1,271.The Banias and Hasbani Rivers converge on the grounds of the kibbutz.
History
Sde Nehemia was founded on 19 December 1940 by immigrants from Austria, the Netherlands and Czechoslovakia, on land bought from the Arab village of al-Dawwara. It was originally known as Kvutzat Huliot, but later renamed after Nehemia de Lieme, a Dutch banker and Zionist activist who served as head of the Jewish National Fund.In the early days of the kibbutz, the pioneers lived in tents in the midst of malaria-infested swampland. One of them, Yehuda Abas, a physician, distributed anti-malarial pills free of charge to the local Arab population but discovered they were being cut into four and sold for large sums of money to Arabs from Syria and Lebanon. Abas's solution was to introduce injections.Rafael Reiss from Sde Nehemia was one of seven parachutists sent into Nazi-occupied Europe in 1944. He was captured by the Nazis and executed on 20 November 1944.In May, 1948, the kibbutz requested, "somewhat shamefacedly", 1,700 dunams of land from the newly depopulated Palestinian village of Al-'Abisiyya.Differential salaries were implemented in 2003, ending the kibbutz tradition of economic equality.
Economy
Located in the fertile Hula Valley between the Golan Heights and Lebanon, agriculture is a significant source of income. The kibbutz also owns a plastics factory, Huliot, a leading manufacturer of pipe systems and plastic products. Huliot specializes in flow products for water supply, drainage, sewage and greywater recycling which it sells on the local and global markets. The factory was established in 1947.
References
External links
Facebook page for former volunteers
|
country
|
{
"answer_start": [
100
],
"text": [
"Israel"
]
}
|
Sde Nehemia (Hebrew: שְׂדֵה נְחֶמְיָה, lit. Nehemia's Field) (Sde Nehemya) is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located in the Upper Galilee, it falls under the jurisdiction of Upper Galilee Regional Council. In 2021 it had a population of 1,271.The Banias and Hasbani Rivers converge on the grounds of the kibbutz.
History
Sde Nehemia was founded on 19 December 1940 by immigrants from Austria, the Netherlands and Czechoslovakia, on land bought from the Arab village of al-Dawwara. It was originally known as Kvutzat Huliot, but later renamed after Nehemia de Lieme, a Dutch banker and Zionist activist who served as head of the Jewish National Fund.In the early days of the kibbutz, the pioneers lived in tents in the midst of malaria-infested swampland. One of them, Yehuda Abas, a physician, distributed anti-malarial pills free of charge to the local Arab population but discovered they were being cut into four and sold for large sums of money to Arabs from Syria and Lebanon. Abas's solution was to introduce injections.Rafael Reiss from Sde Nehemia was one of seven parachutists sent into Nazi-occupied Europe in 1944. He was captured by the Nazis and executed on 20 November 1944.In May, 1948, the kibbutz requested, "somewhat shamefacedly", 1,700 dunams of land from the newly depopulated Palestinian village of Al-'Abisiyya.Differential salaries were implemented in 2003, ending the kibbutz tradition of economic equality.
Economy
Located in the fertile Hula Valley between the Golan Heights and Lebanon, agriculture is a significant source of income. The kibbutz also owns a plastics factory, Huliot, a leading manufacturer of pipe systems and plastic products. Huliot specializes in flow products for water supply, drainage, sewage and greywater recycling which it sells on the local and global markets. The factory was established in 1947.
References
External links
Facebook page for former volunteers
|
instance of
|
{
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80
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"text": [
"kibbutz"
]
}
|
Sde Nehemia (Hebrew: שְׂדֵה נְחֶמְיָה, lit. Nehemia's Field) (Sde Nehemya) is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located in the Upper Galilee, it falls under the jurisdiction of Upper Galilee Regional Council. In 2021 it had a population of 1,271.The Banias and Hasbani Rivers converge on the grounds of the kibbutz.
History
Sde Nehemia was founded on 19 December 1940 by immigrants from Austria, the Netherlands and Czechoslovakia, on land bought from the Arab village of al-Dawwara. It was originally known as Kvutzat Huliot, but later renamed after Nehemia de Lieme, a Dutch banker and Zionist activist who served as head of the Jewish National Fund.In the early days of the kibbutz, the pioneers lived in tents in the midst of malaria-infested swampland. One of them, Yehuda Abas, a physician, distributed anti-malarial pills free of charge to the local Arab population but discovered they were being cut into four and sold for large sums of money to Arabs from Syria and Lebanon. Abas's solution was to introduce injections.Rafael Reiss from Sde Nehemia was one of seven parachutists sent into Nazi-occupied Europe in 1944. He was captured by the Nazis and executed on 20 November 1944.In May, 1948, the kibbutz requested, "somewhat shamefacedly", 1,700 dunams of land from the newly depopulated Palestinian village of Al-'Abisiyya.Differential salaries were implemented in 2003, ending the kibbutz tradition of economic equality.
Economy
Located in the fertile Hula Valley between the Golan Heights and Lebanon, agriculture is a significant source of income. The kibbutz also owns a plastics factory, Huliot, a leading manufacturer of pipe systems and plastic products. Huliot specializes in flow products for water supply, drainage, sewage and greywater recycling which it sells on the local and global markets. The factory was established in 1947.
References
External links
Facebook page for former volunteers
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
173
],
"text": [
"Upper Galilee Regional Council"
]
}
|
Sde Nehemia (Hebrew: שְׂדֵה נְחֶמְיָה, lit. Nehemia's Field) (Sde Nehemya) is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located in the Upper Galilee, it falls under the jurisdiction of Upper Galilee Regional Council. In 2021 it had a population of 1,271.The Banias and Hasbani Rivers converge on the grounds of the kibbutz.
History
Sde Nehemia was founded on 19 December 1940 by immigrants from Austria, the Netherlands and Czechoslovakia, on land bought from the Arab village of al-Dawwara. It was originally known as Kvutzat Huliot, but later renamed after Nehemia de Lieme, a Dutch banker and Zionist activist who served as head of the Jewish National Fund.In the early days of the kibbutz, the pioneers lived in tents in the midst of malaria-infested swampland. One of them, Yehuda Abas, a physician, distributed anti-malarial pills free of charge to the local Arab population but discovered they were being cut into four and sold for large sums of money to Arabs from Syria and Lebanon. Abas's solution was to introduce injections.Rafael Reiss from Sde Nehemia was one of seven parachutists sent into Nazi-occupied Europe in 1944. He was captured by the Nazis and executed on 20 November 1944.In May, 1948, the kibbutz requested, "somewhat shamefacedly", 1,700 dunams of land from the newly depopulated Palestinian village of Al-'Abisiyya.Differential salaries were implemented in 2003, ending the kibbutz tradition of economic equality.
Economy
Located in the fertile Hula Valley between the Golan Heights and Lebanon, agriculture is a significant source of income. The kibbutz also owns a plastics factory, Huliot, a leading manufacturer of pipe systems and plastic products. Huliot specializes in flow products for water supply, drainage, sewage and greywater recycling which it sells on the local and global markets. The factory was established in 1947.
References
External links
Facebook page for former volunteers
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Sde Nehemia"
]
}
|
Federal Pond is a 129-acre (0.52 km2) pond in Carver and Plymouth, Massachusetts. A small portion of the northeastern shore of the pond is in the Myles Standish State Forest. The pond is located southwest of Rocky Pond and Curlew Pond, and northeast of Dunham Pond. Two unnamed islands lie in the middle of the pond. The water quality is impaired due to non-native aquatic plants and non-native fish species.
The only road leading to the pond, Old Federal Road in Carver, is a private road. As such, the pond is officially off limits to the public, although a high tension line right of way crosses the northern tip of the pond and is frequented by sport fishermen.
External links
Environment Protection Agency
|
located in the administrative territorial entity
|
{
"answer_start": [
67
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"text": [
"Massachusetts"
]
}
|
Jackie Chavez (born June 1, 1983 in Albuquerque, New Mexico) is an American former professional boxer in the Super Bantamweight division. She was the IFBA world Super Bantamweight champion, and considered by many to be one of women's boxing's future stars. As far as it is known, she has no relation with Mexican boxing legend Julio César Chávez.
Pro career
Chavez began her professional boxing career on October 5, 2001, when, at the age of eighteen, she knocked out the more experienced Brandy Leon in three rounds at Acoma, New Mexico.
Her second fight came on December 14 of that year, and she beat Nicole Gallegos by a majority decision in four rounds, also at Acoma.
On March 23, 2002, she had her first fight outside the Acoma area, when she knocked out Evangelina Abeyta in the first round. This fight was held at Pojoaque, New Mexico.
Chavez kept her winning ways on her next fight when, on April 13, she fought Jodi Johnson on the Isleta Indian Reservation. She scored her second first round knockout in a row that night.
Jackie Chavez next made her Albuquerque, New Mexico debut, when she faced Raquelle Tebo on September 17. She outpointed Tebo, who had only one defeat before that fight, in four rounds.
Chavez had a forced lay-off from boxing after that fight, spending 2003 without fighting anyone. But, on February 21, 2004, she returned to the boxing ring, in Roswell, the town that is better known for the alleged spaceship crash of the 1950s. In Roswell, she beat LeAnne Villareal by a four round unanimous decision in a somewhat unusual scenario for a boxing fight: Roswell high school.
Already ranked among the top ten Super Bantamweights in women's boxing by the IFBA, Chavez next boxed Mercedes Mercury on April 10 in Albuquerque. She outpointed Mercury after six rounds, solidifying her ranking among the women fighters in the Super Bantamweight division.
On November 20, 2004, Chavez had her first world championship try, in what also marked her first fight outside of New Mexico. Fighting for the IFBA's vacant world Super Bantamweight title, she outpointed Jayla Ortiz over ten rounds in Ignacio, Colorado, to become a world champion boxer.
On June 12, 2005, Chavez retained her title by outpointing Audrey Vela by a split ten round decision in San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico. Then, Chavez fought her first fight abroad, fighting for the WIBA championship against Lisa Brown in Mucurapo, Trinidad and Tobago, losing by a ten round unanimous decision. She vacated the IFBA's version of the title before the fight with Brown.
On January 27, 2006, Chavez fought Jeri Sitzes for the NABF's women's Featherweight title, in Hollywood, California, losing by ten round unanimous decision. Chavez took one year off from boxing, she then faced Lisa Brown in a rematch, this time at Albuquerque, with the IFBA Super Bantamweight title on the line, but lost again, on March 22, 2007, by a unanimous ten round decision. Chavez's last fight to date was against Puerto Rican Ada Velez, another world champion boxer. This bout took place on September 21, 2007, and she lost a close, majority six round decision.She thus left boxing with a 4 fight losing streak.
Chavez had 13 bouts, winning 9 and losing her last 4, with 3 wins by knockout.
Professional boxing record
References
External links
Boxing record for Jackie Chavez from BoxRec (registration required)
|
place of birth
|
{
"answer_start": [
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"text": [
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|
Jackie Chavez (born June 1, 1983 in Albuquerque, New Mexico) is an American former professional boxer in the Super Bantamweight division. She was the IFBA world Super Bantamweight champion, and considered by many to be one of women's boxing's future stars. As far as it is known, she has no relation with Mexican boxing legend Julio César Chávez.
Pro career
Chavez began her professional boxing career on October 5, 2001, when, at the age of eighteen, she knocked out the more experienced Brandy Leon in three rounds at Acoma, New Mexico.
Her second fight came on December 14 of that year, and she beat Nicole Gallegos by a majority decision in four rounds, also at Acoma.
On March 23, 2002, she had her first fight outside the Acoma area, when she knocked out Evangelina Abeyta in the first round. This fight was held at Pojoaque, New Mexico.
Chavez kept her winning ways on her next fight when, on April 13, she fought Jodi Johnson on the Isleta Indian Reservation. She scored her second first round knockout in a row that night.
Jackie Chavez next made her Albuquerque, New Mexico debut, when she faced Raquelle Tebo on September 17. She outpointed Tebo, who had only one defeat before that fight, in four rounds.
Chavez had a forced lay-off from boxing after that fight, spending 2003 without fighting anyone. But, on February 21, 2004, she returned to the boxing ring, in Roswell, the town that is better known for the alleged spaceship crash of the 1950s. In Roswell, she beat LeAnne Villareal by a four round unanimous decision in a somewhat unusual scenario for a boxing fight: Roswell high school.
Already ranked among the top ten Super Bantamweights in women's boxing by the IFBA, Chavez next boxed Mercedes Mercury on April 10 in Albuquerque. She outpointed Mercury after six rounds, solidifying her ranking among the women fighters in the Super Bantamweight division.
On November 20, 2004, Chavez had her first world championship try, in what also marked her first fight outside of New Mexico. Fighting for the IFBA's vacant world Super Bantamweight title, she outpointed Jayla Ortiz over ten rounds in Ignacio, Colorado, to become a world champion boxer.
On June 12, 2005, Chavez retained her title by outpointing Audrey Vela by a split ten round decision in San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico. Then, Chavez fought her first fight abroad, fighting for the WIBA championship against Lisa Brown in Mucurapo, Trinidad and Tobago, losing by a ten round unanimous decision. She vacated the IFBA's version of the title before the fight with Brown.
On January 27, 2006, Chavez fought Jeri Sitzes for the NABF's women's Featherweight title, in Hollywood, California, losing by ten round unanimous decision. Chavez took one year off from boxing, she then faced Lisa Brown in a rematch, this time at Albuquerque, with the IFBA Super Bantamweight title on the line, but lost again, on March 22, 2007, by a unanimous ten round decision. Chavez's last fight to date was against Puerto Rican Ada Velez, another world champion boxer. This bout took place on September 21, 2007, and she lost a close, majority six round decision.She thus left boxing with a 4 fight losing streak.
Chavez had 13 bouts, winning 9 and losing her last 4, with 3 wins by knockout.
Professional boxing record
References
External links
Boxing record for Jackie Chavez from BoxRec (registration required)
|
occupation
|
{
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|
Jackie Chavez (born June 1, 1983 in Albuquerque, New Mexico) is an American former professional boxer in the Super Bantamweight division. She was the IFBA world Super Bantamweight champion, and considered by many to be one of women's boxing's future stars. As far as it is known, she has no relation with Mexican boxing legend Julio César Chávez.
Pro career
Chavez began her professional boxing career on October 5, 2001, when, at the age of eighteen, she knocked out the more experienced Brandy Leon in three rounds at Acoma, New Mexico.
Her second fight came on December 14 of that year, and she beat Nicole Gallegos by a majority decision in four rounds, also at Acoma.
On March 23, 2002, she had her first fight outside the Acoma area, when she knocked out Evangelina Abeyta in the first round. This fight was held at Pojoaque, New Mexico.
Chavez kept her winning ways on her next fight when, on April 13, she fought Jodi Johnson on the Isleta Indian Reservation. She scored her second first round knockout in a row that night.
Jackie Chavez next made her Albuquerque, New Mexico debut, when she faced Raquelle Tebo on September 17. She outpointed Tebo, who had only one defeat before that fight, in four rounds.
Chavez had a forced lay-off from boxing after that fight, spending 2003 without fighting anyone. But, on February 21, 2004, she returned to the boxing ring, in Roswell, the town that is better known for the alleged spaceship crash of the 1950s. In Roswell, she beat LeAnne Villareal by a four round unanimous decision in a somewhat unusual scenario for a boxing fight: Roswell high school.
Already ranked among the top ten Super Bantamweights in women's boxing by the IFBA, Chavez next boxed Mercedes Mercury on April 10 in Albuquerque. She outpointed Mercury after six rounds, solidifying her ranking among the women fighters in the Super Bantamweight division.
On November 20, 2004, Chavez had her first world championship try, in what also marked her first fight outside of New Mexico. Fighting for the IFBA's vacant world Super Bantamweight title, she outpointed Jayla Ortiz over ten rounds in Ignacio, Colorado, to become a world champion boxer.
On June 12, 2005, Chavez retained her title by outpointing Audrey Vela by a split ten round decision in San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico. Then, Chavez fought her first fight abroad, fighting for the WIBA championship against Lisa Brown in Mucurapo, Trinidad and Tobago, losing by a ten round unanimous decision. She vacated the IFBA's version of the title before the fight with Brown.
On January 27, 2006, Chavez fought Jeri Sitzes for the NABF's women's Featherweight title, in Hollywood, California, losing by ten round unanimous decision. Chavez took one year off from boxing, she then faced Lisa Brown in a rematch, this time at Albuquerque, with the IFBA Super Bantamweight title on the line, but lost again, on March 22, 2007, by a unanimous ten round decision. Chavez's last fight to date was against Puerto Rican Ada Velez, another world champion boxer. This bout took place on September 21, 2007, and she lost a close, majority six round decision.She thus left boxing with a 4 fight losing streak.
Chavez had 13 bouts, winning 9 and losing her last 4, with 3 wins by knockout.
Professional boxing record
References
External links
Boxing record for Jackie Chavez from BoxRec (registration required)
|
sport
|
{
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]
}
|
Jackie Chavez (born June 1, 1983 in Albuquerque, New Mexico) is an American former professional boxer in the Super Bantamweight division. She was the IFBA world Super Bantamweight champion, and considered by many to be one of women's boxing's future stars. As far as it is known, she has no relation with Mexican boxing legend Julio César Chávez.
Pro career
Chavez began her professional boxing career on October 5, 2001, when, at the age of eighteen, she knocked out the more experienced Brandy Leon in three rounds at Acoma, New Mexico.
Her second fight came on December 14 of that year, and she beat Nicole Gallegos by a majority decision in four rounds, also at Acoma.
On March 23, 2002, she had her first fight outside the Acoma area, when she knocked out Evangelina Abeyta in the first round. This fight was held at Pojoaque, New Mexico.
Chavez kept her winning ways on her next fight when, on April 13, she fought Jodi Johnson on the Isleta Indian Reservation. She scored her second first round knockout in a row that night.
Jackie Chavez next made her Albuquerque, New Mexico debut, when she faced Raquelle Tebo on September 17. She outpointed Tebo, who had only one defeat before that fight, in four rounds.
Chavez had a forced lay-off from boxing after that fight, spending 2003 without fighting anyone. But, on February 21, 2004, she returned to the boxing ring, in Roswell, the town that is better known for the alleged spaceship crash of the 1950s. In Roswell, she beat LeAnne Villareal by a four round unanimous decision in a somewhat unusual scenario for a boxing fight: Roswell high school.
Already ranked among the top ten Super Bantamweights in women's boxing by the IFBA, Chavez next boxed Mercedes Mercury on April 10 in Albuquerque. She outpointed Mercury after six rounds, solidifying her ranking among the women fighters in the Super Bantamweight division.
On November 20, 2004, Chavez had her first world championship try, in what also marked her first fight outside of New Mexico. Fighting for the IFBA's vacant world Super Bantamweight title, she outpointed Jayla Ortiz over ten rounds in Ignacio, Colorado, to become a world champion boxer.
On June 12, 2005, Chavez retained her title by outpointing Audrey Vela by a split ten round decision in San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico. Then, Chavez fought her first fight abroad, fighting for the WIBA championship against Lisa Brown in Mucurapo, Trinidad and Tobago, losing by a ten round unanimous decision. She vacated the IFBA's version of the title before the fight with Brown.
On January 27, 2006, Chavez fought Jeri Sitzes for the NABF's women's Featherweight title, in Hollywood, California, losing by ten round unanimous decision. Chavez took one year off from boxing, she then faced Lisa Brown in a rematch, this time at Albuquerque, with the IFBA Super Bantamweight title on the line, but lost again, on March 22, 2007, by a unanimous ten round decision. Chavez's last fight to date was against Puerto Rican Ada Velez, another world champion boxer. This bout took place on September 21, 2007, and she lost a close, majority six round decision.She thus left boxing with a 4 fight losing streak.
Chavez had 13 bouts, winning 9 and losing her last 4, with 3 wins by knockout.
Professional boxing record
References
External links
Boxing record for Jackie Chavez from BoxRec (registration required)
|
family name
|
{
"answer_start": [
7
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"text": [
"Chavez"
]
}
|
Jackie Chavez (born June 1, 1983 in Albuquerque, New Mexico) is an American former professional boxer in the Super Bantamweight division. She was the IFBA world Super Bantamweight champion, and considered by many to be one of women's boxing's future stars. As far as it is known, she has no relation with Mexican boxing legend Julio César Chávez.
Pro career
Chavez began her professional boxing career on October 5, 2001, when, at the age of eighteen, she knocked out the more experienced Brandy Leon in three rounds at Acoma, New Mexico.
Her second fight came on December 14 of that year, and she beat Nicole Gallegos by a majority decision in four rounds, also at Acoma.
On March 23, 2002, she had her first fight outside the Acoma area, when she knocked out Evangelina Abeyta in the first round. This fight was held at Pojoaque, New Mexico.
Chavez kept her winning ways on her next fight when, on April 13, she fought Jodi Johnson on the Isleta Indian Reservation. She scored her second first round knockout in a row that night.
Jackie Chavez next made her Albuquerque, New Mexico debut, when she faced Raquelle Tebo on September 17. She outpointed Tebo, who had only one defeat before that fight, in four rounds.
Chavez had a forced lay-off from boxing after that fight, spending 2003 without fighting anyone. But, on February 21, 2004, she returned to the boxing ring, in Roswell, the town that is better known for the alleged spaceship crash of the 1950s. In Roswell, she beat LeAnne Villareal by a four round unanimous decision in a somewhat unusual scenario for a boxing fight: Roswell high school.
Already ranked among the top ten Super Bantamweights in women's boxing by the IFBA, Chavez next boxed Mercedes Mercury on April 10 in Albuquerque. She outpointed Mercury after six rounds, solidifying her ranking among the women fighters in the Super Bantamweight division.
On November 20, 2004, Chavez had her first world championship try, in what also marked her first fight outside of New Mexico. Fighting for the IFBA's vacant world Super Bantamweight title, she outpointed Jayla Ortiz over ten rounds in Ignacio, Colorado, to become a world champion boxer.
On June 12, 2005, Chavez retained her title by outpointing Audrey Vela by a split ten round decision in San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico. Then, Chavez fought her first fight abroad, fighting for the WIBA championship against Lisa Brown in Mucurapo, Trinidad and Tobago, losing by a ten round unanimous decision. She vacated the IFBA's version of the title before the fight with Brown.
On January 27, 2006, Chavez fought Jeri Sitzes for the NABF's women's Featherweight title, in Hollywood, California, losing by ten round unanimous decision. Chavez took one year off from boxing, she then faced Lisa Brown in a rematch, this time at Albuquerque, with the IFBA Super Bantamweight title on the line, but lost again, on March 22, 2007, by a unanimous ten round decision. Chavez's last fight to date was against Puerto Rican Ada Velez, another world champion boxer. This bout took place on September 21, 2007, and she lost a close, majority six round decision.She thus left boxing with a 4 fight losing streak.
Chavez had 13 bouts, winning 9 and losing her last 4, with 3 wins by knockout.
Professional boxing record
References
External links
Boxing record for Jackie Chavez from BoxRec (registration required)
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Jackie"
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|
Le Mythe de la 5ème île is a 2007 documentary film directed by Mohamed Saïd Ouma. It was selected by the African Film Festival of Cordoba - FCAT.
Synopsis
This documentary explores the emigration myth. The main character's curiosity takes him to London, a cosmopolitan city where one must fight to survive, before he joins other communities with different horizons. Why do people from so many nationalities end up on that piece of land? Were they looking for something better? A fifth island?
References
African Film Festival of Cordoba-FCAT (license CC BY-SA)
External links
africultures.com
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
47
],
"text": [
"film"
]
}
|
Le Mythe de la 5ème île is a 2007 documentary film directed by Mohamed Saïd Ouma. It was selected by the African Film Festival of Cordoba - FCAT.
Synopsis
This documentary explores the emigration myth. The main character's curiosity takes him to London, a cosmopolitan city where one must fight to survive, before he joins other communities with different horizons. Why do people from so many nationalities end up on that piece of land? Were they looking for something better? A fifth island?
References
African Film Festival of Cordoba-FCAT (license CC BY-SA)
External links
africultures.com
|
director
|
{
"answer_start": [
64
],
"text": [
"Mohamed Saïd Ouma"
]
}
|
Le Mythe de la 5ème île is a 2007 documentary film directed by Mohamed Saïd Ouma. It was selected by the African Film Festival of Cordoba - FCAT.
Synopsis
This documentary explores the emigration myth. The main character's curiosity takes him to London, a cosmopolitan city where one must fight to survive, before he joins other communities with different horizons. Why do people from so many nationalities end up on that piece of land? Were they looking for something better? A fifth island?
References
African Film Festival of Cordoba-FCAT (license CC BY-SA)
External links
africultures.com
|
screenwriter
|
{
"answer_start": [
64
],
"text": [
"Mohamed Saïd Ouma"
]
}
|
Le Mythe de la 5ème île is a 2007 documentary film directed by Mohamed Saïd Ouma. It was selected by the African Film Festival of Cordoba - FCAT.
Synopsis
This documentary explores the emigration myth. The main character's curiosity takes him to London, a cosmopolitan city where one must fight to survive, before he joins other communities with different horizons. Why do people from so many nationalities end up on that piece of land? Were they looking for something better? A fifth island?
References
African Film Festival of Cordoba-FCAT (license CC BY-SA)
External links
africultures.com
|
genre
|
{
"answer_start": [
35
],
"text": [
"documentary film"
]
}
|
Le Mythe de la 5ème île is a 2007 documentary film directed by Mohamed Saïd Ouma. It was selected by the African Film Festival of Cordoba - FCAT.
Synopsis
This documentary explores the emigration myth. The main character's curiosity takes him to London, a cosmopolitan city where one must fight to survive, before he joins other communities with different horizons. Why do people from so many nationalities end up on that piece of land? Were they looking for something better? A fifth island?
References
African Film Festival of Cordoba-FCAT (license CC BY-SA)
External links
africultures.com
|
director of photography
|
{
"answer_start": [
64
],
"text": [
"Mohamed Saïd Ouma"
]
}
|
Julian Nunamaker (February 13, 1946 – February 25, 1995) was an American football defensive end and defensive tackle. He played for the Buffalo Bills from 1969 to 1971. On February 18, 1995, he was involved in a car accident, dying a week later from his injuries.
== References ==
|
member of sports team
|
{
"answer_start": [
136
],
"text": [
"Buffalo Bills"
]
}
|
Julian Nunamaker (February 13, 1946 – February 25, 1995) was an American football defensive end and defensive tackle. He played for the Buffalo Bills from 1969 to 1971. On February 18, 1995, he was involved in a car accident, dying a week later from his injuries.
== References ==
|
position played on team / speciality
|
{
"answer_start": [
100
],
"text": [
"defensive tackle"
]
}
|
Julian Nunamaker (February 13, 1946 – February 25, 1995) was an American football defensive end and defensive tackle. He played for the Buffalo Bills from 1969 to 1971. On February 18, 1995, he was involved in a car accident, dying a week later from his injuries.
== References ==
|
sport
|
{
"answer_start": [
64
],
"text": [
"American football"
]
}
|
Julian Nunamaker (February 13, 1946 – February 25, 1995) was an American football defensive end and defensive tackle. He played for the Buffalo Bills from 1969 to 1971. On February 18, 1995, he was involved in a car accident, dying a week later from his injuries.
== References ==
|
given name
|
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Julian"
]
}
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The Reineberg is a hill on the Wiehen ridge, south of the town of Lübbecke. With a height of 275.9 m above sea level it is, from a topographical point of view, not a particularly impressive eminence in this part of the Wiehen Hills, because, in the immediate vicinity are considerably higher summits, such as the 320 m high Heidbrink just under 1 km to the south. East of the Reinberg on the other side of a valley bottom rises the Heidkopf, west of the Meesenkopf, on the summit of which there was once a fortification. 230 metres southwest of the summit lies the Wittekind Spring, that had a certain importance for the garrison of the castle at the summit, but today is just a small pond by a rock outcrop at the edge of a track.
The Reineberg, which is the local hill for the town of Lübbecke, owes its significance to the fact that, until 1723, the year of its demolition, Reineberg Castle (German: Burg Reineberg or Reineburg) stood here.
History of Reineberg castle (Reineburg)
The origins of the country castle (Landesburg) of Reineberg are lost in legend. According to the episcopal chronicler of the town of Minden the founding of the castle goes back to Bishop Conrad I of Rüdenberg (1209–1237). Osnabrück sources report, however, that the Osnabrück bishop, Adolf von Tecklenburg (1216–1224), was the co-founder (Miterbauer).
In 1271 Reinberg Castle was first mentioned in the records. In the outgoing years of the 13th century the bishops of Osnabrück and Minden were the common owners of the castle. Reineberg Castle acted as a fortified base of power for the bishops of Minden. Their intent was to hold their own against the Bishop of Osnabrück, the counts of Tecklenburg and the lords (Edelherren) of Diepholz. Later their importance grew even more through the expansion of the governance of the territory. Reineberg Castle was, as mentioned, according to a treaty of 1306, initially in the common ownership of the neighbouring prince-bishops of Minden and Osnabrück.
In 1412 we find the knight (Ritter), Dietrich von Münchhausen, as the tenant of the castle, in a dispute with his landlord, Bishop Wulbrand, and the cathedral chapter of Minden, because he had enfeoffed the Reineberg without permission to Count Nicholas II of Tecklenburg. The bishop protested and besieged the castle. Tecklenburg troops advanced to do battle, but were driven off by Lübbecke's townsfolk with support from the seneschal (Drost) of Limberg, Allhard von dem Busche. Attempts by Tecklenburg, to gain ownership of the castle were thus foiled.
Reineberg Castle was turned into a strong fortress according to a contemporary account by the Minden cathedral canon, Tribbe, dating to the 15th century.
Like almost all castles of this type the Reineburg was often enfeoffed due to its landlord's chronic shortage of money. Around 1525 we find Johann Tribbe as the seneschal of Reineburg. In 1543 the castle was enfeoffed to a widow, Clara of Hatzfeld, and her sons Meinolf and Joachim. Hardly had Bishop George come to power in 1554, when he issued the order to redeem all the enfeoffed castles in his diocese. This therefore also affected the then tenant, Hilmar von Quernheim. He wished to retain his fief however and was actually given an extension of several years until the bishop finally rescinded it in spring 1564. Because Hilmar von Quernheim did not respond, the bishop had the castle stormed on 2 May.
But by 1567 Hilmar was again enfeoffed with the castle for twelve years following a treaty. During the Thirty Years' War the castle was badly damaged again and plundered three times: in 1636, 1638 and 1640.
On 9 September 1636, Imperial Staff Sergeant (Oberwachtmeister) Heister, had the entire record office on the Reineberge burned. On 28 March 1673 Münster troops captured Lübbecke and Reineberg in the course of the Franco-Dutch War, because Brandenburg was allied with the Netherlands. Then all fell quite around the old episcopal castle - the Principality of Minden being awarded to Brandenburg as part of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. In 1719, Frederick William I decreed the union of the County of Ravensberg with Minden, and this was followed, from 1723 to 1808, by the establishment of the Chamber of War and Estates (Kriegs- und Domänenkammer) in Minden as a regional oversight of the administrations of the five Minden and eight Ravensberg districts or Ämter. The Reineburg was now enfeoffed several times together with its associated Amt and was under the command of the Prussian king, Frederick William I. In 1723 it was demolished due to its dilapidated condition. The remaining usable material was used in the construction of the government building in Minden and also for the new Amt office in the Reineberger Felde (called zum Siek), where several domestic buildings already existed.
Finally the castle came under the general influence of the Bishop of Minden and became a Minden state castle or Landesburg. The fortifications in front of the castle show signs of medieval siege technology. The castle estate developed into the Minden Amt of Reineberg, which later became the Amt of Hüllhorst. Of the rudimentary remains of this castle site only the castle moat is still visible on the summit. it is 310 metres long and between 15 and 22 metres wide.
Legend of the Reineberg
It is said of the Reineberg that the Saxon prince, Wittekind, who was suffering from leprosy, "came from the Limberge, reached the spring of Linderung on the western side, went from there to the Reineberg and was cleansed there. Whence the Reineberg received its name" (rein = pure, clean). In this spring is supposed to be an underground vault with a magic entrance in which "King Weking's silver cradle stands".
Today
Today the Reineberg falls within the borough of Lübbecke, but once belonged to the Amt of Reineberg, later Hüllhorst. The old Amt of Reineberg or Amt Reineberger Feld existed from 1723 to 1807 and belonged to the Prussian Principality of Minden. Even today the Reineberg is the name of a village in the collective municipality of Hüllhorst south of the Wiehen Hills (Ahlsen-Reineberg). This municipality has a depiction of the Reineburg in its coat of arms.
In 1951 an official survey of the visible remains of the castle was carried out. Local historian, Professor Langewische from Bünde, discovered that the Reineburg once had five outer baileys.
From the southern edge of the town of Lübbecke, e. g. from the Waldstadion (stadium), the Reineberg may be reached on foot in 15–20 minutes.
The parth around the Reinberg is about 1.1 kilometres long.
Gallery
References
External links
History of Reinberg Castle
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
4
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"text": [
"Reineberg"
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|
The Reineberg is a hill on the Wiehen ridge, south of the town of Lübbecke. With a height of 275.9 m above sea level it is, from a topographical point of view, not a particularly impressive eminence in this part of the Wiehen Hills, because, in the immediate vicinity are considerably higher summits, such as the 320 m high Heidbrink just under 1 km to the south. East of the Reinberg on the other side of a valley bottom rises the Heidkopf, west of the Meesenkopf, on the summit of which there was once a fortification. 230 metres southwest of the summit lies the Wittekind Spring, that had a certain importance for the garrison of the castle at the summit, but today is just a small pond by a rock outcrop at the edge of a track.
The Reineberg, which is the local hill for the town of Lübbecke, owes its significance to the fact that, until 1723, the year of its demolition, Reineberg Castle (German: Burg Reineberg or Reineburg) stood here.
History of Reineberg castle (Reineburg)
The origins of the country castle (Landesburg) of Reineberg are lost in legend. According to the episcopal chronicler of the town of Minden the founding of the castle goes back to Bishop Conrad I of Rüdenberg (1209–1237). Osnabrück sources report, however, that the Osnabrück bishop, Adolf von Tecklenburg (1216–1224), was the co-founder (Miterbauer).
In 1271 Reinberg Castle was first mentioned in the records. In the outgoing years of the 13th century the bishops of Osnabrück and Minden were the common owners of the castle. Reineberg Castle acted as a fortified base of power for the bishops of Minden. Their intent was to hold their own against the Bishop of Osnabrück, the counts of Tecklenburg and the lords (Edelherren) of Diepholz. Later their importance grew even more through the expansion of the governance of the territory. Reineberg Castle was, as mentioned, according to a treaty of 1306, initially in the common ownership of the neighbouring prince-bishops of Minden and Osnabrück.
In 1412 we find the knight (Ritter), Dietrich von Münchhausen, as the tenant of the castle, in a dispute with his landlord, Bishop Wulbrand, and the cathedral chapter of Minden, because he had enfeoffed the Reineberg without permission to Count Nicholas II of Tecklenburg. The bishop protested and besieged the castle. Tecklenburg troops advanced to do battle, but were driven off by Lübbecke's townsfolk with support from the seneschal (Drost) of Limberg, Allhard von dem Busche. Attempts by Tecklenburg, to gain ownership of the castle were thus foiled.
Reineberg Castle was turned into a strong fortress according to a contemporary account by the Minden cathedral canon, Tribbe, dating to the 15th century.
Like almost all castles of this type the Reineburg was often enfeoffed due to its landlord's chronic shortage of money. Around 1525 we find Johann Tribbe as the seneschal of Reineburg. In 1543 the castle was enfeoffed to a widow, Clara of Hatzfeld, and her sons Meinolf and Joachim. Hardly had Bishop George come to power in 1554, when he issued the order to redeem all the enfeoffed castles in his diocese. This therefore also affected the then tenant, Hilmar von Quernheim. He wished to retain his fief however and was actually given an extension of several years until the bishop finally rescinded it in spring 1564. Because Hilmar von Quernheim did not respond, the bishop had the castle stormed on 2 May.
But by 1567 Hilmar was again enfeoffed with the castle for twelve years following a treaty. During the Thirty Years' War the castle was badly damaged again and plundered three times: in 1636, 1638 and 1640.
On 9 September 1636, Imperial Staff Sergeant (Oberwachtmeister) Heister, had the entire record office on the Reineberge burned. On 28 March 1673 Münster troops captured Lübbecke and Reineberg in the course of the Franco-Dutch War, because Brandenburg was allied with the Netherlands. Then all fell quite around the old episcopal castle - the Principality of Minden being awarded to Brandenburg as part of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. In 1719, Frederick William I decreed the union of the County of Ravensberg with Minden, and this was followed, from 1723 to 1808, by the establishment of the Chamber of War and Estates (Kriegs- und Domänenkammer) in Minden as a regional oversight of the administrations of the five Minden and eight Ravensberg districts or Ämter. The Reineburg was now enfeoffed several times together with its associated Amt and was under the command of the Prussian king, Frederick William I. In 1723 it was demolished due to its dilapidated condition. The remaining usable material was used in the construction of the government building in Minden and also for the new Amt office in the Reineberger Felde (called zum Siek), where several domestic buildings already existed.
Finally the castle came under the general influence of the Bishop of Minden and became a Minden state castle or Landesburg. The fortifications in front of the castle show signs of medieval siege technology. The castle estate developed into the Minden Amt of Reineberg, which later became the Amt of Hüllhorst. Of the rudimentary remains of this castle site only the castle moat is still visible on the summit. it is 310 metres long and between 15 and 22 metres wide.
Legend of the Reineberg
It is said of the Reineberg that the Saxon prince, Wittekind, who was suffering from leprosy, "came from the Limberge, reached the spring of Linderung on the western side, went from there to the Reineberg and was cleansed there. Whence the Reineberg received its name" (rein = pure, clean). In this spring is supposed to be an underground vault with a magic entrance in which "King Weking's silver cradle stands".
Today
Today the Reineberg falls within the borough of Lübbecke, but once belonged to the Amt of Reineberg, later Hüllhorst. The old Amt of Reineberg or Amt Reineberger Feld existed from 1723 to 1807 and belonged to the Prussian Principality of Minden. Even today the Reineberg is the name of a village in the collective municipality of Hüllhorst south of the Wiehen Hills (Ahlsen-Reineberg). This municipality has a depiction of the Reineburg in its coat of arms.
In 1951 an official survey of the visible remains of the castle was carried out. Local historian, Professor Langewische from Bünde, discovered that the Reineburg once had five outer baileys.
From the southern edge of the town of Lübbecke, e. g. from the Waldstadion (stadium), the Reineberg may be reached on foot in 15–20 minutes.
The parth around the Reinberg is about 1.1 kilometres long.
Gallery
References
External links
History of Reinberg Castle
|
elevation above sea level
|
{
"answer_start": [
93
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"text": [
"275.9"
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|
The Reineberg is a hill on the Wiehen ridge, south of the town of Lübbecke. With a height of 275.9 m above sea level it is, from a topographical point of view, not a particularly impressive eminence in this part of the Wiehen Hills, because, in the immediate vicinity are considerably higher summits, such as the 320 m high Heidbrink just under 1 km to the south. East of the Reinberg on the other side of a valley bottom rises the Heidkopf, west of the Meesenkopf, on the summit of which there was once a fortification. 230 metres southwest of the summit lies the Wittekind Spring, that had a certain importance for the garrison of the castle at the summit, but today is just a small pond by a rock outcrop at the edge of a track.
The Reineberg, which is the local hill for the town of Lübbecke, owes its significance to the fact that, until 1723, the year of its demolition, Reineberg Castle (German: Burg Reineberg or Reineburg) stood here.
History of Reineberg castle (Reineburg)
The origins of the country castle (Landesburg) of Reineberg are lost in legend. According to the episcopal chronicler of the town of Minden the founding of the castle goes back to Bishop Conrad I of Rüdenberg (1209–1237). Osnabrück sources report, however, that the Osnabrück bishop, Adolf von Tecklenburg (1216–1224), was the co-founder (Miterbauer).
In 1271 Reinberg Castle was first mentioned in the records. In the outgoing years of the 13th century the bishops of Osnabrück and Minden were the common owners of the castle. Reineberg Castle acted as a fortified base of power for the bishops of Minden. Their intent was to hold their own against the Bishop of Osnabrück, the counts of Tecklenburg and the lords (Edelherren) of Diepholz. Later their importance grew even more through the expansion of the governance of the territory. Reineberg Castle was, as mentioned, according to a treaty of 1306, initially in the common ownership of the neighbouring prince-bishops of Minden and Osnabrück.
In 1412 we find the knight (Ritter), Dietrich von Münchhausen, as the tenant of the castle, in a dispute with his landlord, Bishop Wulbrand, and the cathedral chapter of Minden, because he had enfeoffed the Reineberg without permission to Count Nicholas II of Tecklenburg. The bishop protested and besieged the castle. Tecklenburg troops advanced to do battle, but were driven off by Lübbecke's townsfolk with support from the seneschal (Drost) of Limberg, Allhard von dem Busche. Attempts by Tecklenburg, to gain ownership of the castle were thus foiled.
Reineberg Castle was turned into a strong fortress according to a contemporary account by the Minden cathedral canon, Tribbe, dating to the 15th century.
Like almost all castles of this type the Reineburg was often enfeoffed due to its landlord's chronic shortage of money. Around 1525 we find Johann Tribbe as the seneschal of Reineburg. In 1543 the castle was enfeoffed to a widow, Clara of Hatzfeld, and her sons Meinolf and Joachim. Hardly had Bishop George come to power in 1554, when he issued the order to redeem all the enfeoffed castles in his diocese. This therefore also affected the then tenant, Hilmar von Quernheim. He wished to retain his fief however and was actually given an extension of several years until the bishop finally rescinded it in spring 1564. Because Hilmar von Quernheim did not respond, the bishop had the castle stormed on 2 May.
But by 1567 Hilmar was again enfeoffed with the castle for twelve years following a treaty. During the Thirty Years' War the castle was badly damaged again and plundered three times: in 1636, 1638 and 1640.
On 9 September 1636, Imperial Staff Sergeant (Oberwachtmeister) Heister, had the entire record office on the Reineberge burned. On 28 March 1673 Münster troops captured Lübbecke and Reineberg in the course of the Franco-Dutch War, because Brandenburg was allied with the Netherlands. Then all fell quite around the old episcopal castle - the Principality of Minden being awarded to Brandenburg as part of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. In 1719, Frederick William I decreed the union of the County of Ravensberg with Minden, and this was followed, from 1723 to 1808, by the establishment of the Chamber of War and Estates (Kriegs- und Domänenkammer) in Minden as a regional oversight of the administrations of the five Minden and eight Ravensberg districts or Ämter. The Reineburg was now enfeoffed several times together with its associated Amt and was under the command of the Prussian king, Frederick William I. In 1723 it was demolished due to its dilapidated condition. The remaining usable material was used in the construction of the government building in Minden and also for the new Amt office in the Reineberger Felde (called zum Siek), where several domestic buildings already existed.
Finally the castle came under the general influence of the Bishop of Minden and became a Minden state castle or Landesburg. The fortifications in front of the castle show signs of medieval siege technology. The castle estate developed into the Minden Amt of Reineberg, which later became the Amt of Hüllhorst. Of the rudimentary remains of this castle site only the castle moat is still visible on the summit. it is 310 metres long and between 15 and 22 metres wide.
Legend of the Reineberg
It is said of the Reineberg that the Saxon prince, Wittekind, who was suffering from leprosy, "came from the Limberge, reached the spring of Linderung on the western side, went from there to the Reineberg and was cleansed there. Whence the Reineberg received its name" (rein = pure, clean). In this spring is supposed to be an underground vault with a magic entrance in which "King Weking's silver cradle stands".
Today
Today the Reineberg falls within the borough of Lübbecke, but once belonged to the Amt of Reineberg, later Hüllhorst. The old Amt of Reineberg or Amt Reineberger Feld existed from 1723 to 1807 and belonged to the Prussian Principality of Minden. Even today the Reineberg is the name of a village in the collective municipality of Hüllhorst south of the Wiehen Hills (Ahlsen-Reineberg). This municipality has a depiction of the Reineburg in its coat of arms.
In 1951 an official survey of the visible remains of the castle was carried out. Local historian, Professor Langewische from Bünde, discovered that the Reineburg once had five outer baileys.
From the southern edge of the town of Lübbecke, e. g. from the Waldstadion (stadium), the Reineberg may be reached on foot in 15–20 minutes.
The parth around the Reinberg is about 1.1 kilometres long.
Gallery
References
External links
History of Reinberg Castle
|
mountain range
|
{
"answer_start": [
220
],
"text": [
"Wiehen Hills"
]
}
|
Reel Theatres is a movie theater chain in the United States owned by Casper Management—an Idaho corporation—that features independent and foreign films. It operates theaters in Idaho, Oregon and Utah.
Locations
Idaho Theaters:
Boise:
Northgate Reel;
Country Club Reel
Nampa
Nampa Reel
Eagle
Eagle Luxe Reel
Caldwell
Caldwell Luxe Reel
Ontario
Ontario Luxe Reel
See also
List of movie theaters and cinema chains
External links
Official website
Construction pictures Reel Theatre Ontario, Oregon
|
instance of
|
{
"answer_start": [
400
],
"text": [
"cinema chain"
]
}
|
Ben-Dov or Ben Dov (Hebrew: בן דב) is a Jewish surname that may refer to
Dov Ben-Dov (1927–2020), Israeli sports shooter
Hanna Ben Dov (1919–2008), Israeli abstract painter
Ilan Ben-Dov (born 1957), Israeli businessman and investor
Nitza Ben-Dov (born 1950), Professor of Hebrew and Comparative Literature at the University of Haifa
Shabtai Ben-Dov (1924–1978), Israeli philosopher
Tova Ben-Dov, President of the Women's International Zionist Organization
Ya'acov Ben-Dov (1882–1968), Israeli photographer and a pioneer of Jewish cinematography in Palestine
Yaron Ben-Dov (1970–2017), Israeli football player
Yosi Ben-Dov (born 1950), Israeli educator
|
language of work or name
|
{
"answer_start": [
20
],
"text": [
"Hebrew"
]
}
|
Richard Allen Boone (June 18, 1917 – January 10, 1981) was an American actor who starred in over 50 films and was notable for his roles in Westerns, including his starring role in the television series Have Gun – Will Travel.
Early life
Boone was born in Los Angeles, California, the middle child of Cecile (née Beckerman) and Kirk E. Boone, a corporate lawyer and fourth great-grandson of Squire Boone, frontiersman Daniel Boone's brother. His mother was Jewish, the daughter of immigrants from Russia.Richard Boone graduated from Hoover High School in Glendale, California. He attended Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, where he was a member of Theta Xi fraternity. He dropped out of Stanford prior to graduation and then worked as an oil rigger, bartender, painter, and writer. In 1941, Boone joined the United States Navy and served on three ships in the Pacific during World War II, seeing combat as an aviation ordnanceman, aircrewman, and tail gunner on Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo bombers, and ended his service with the rank of petty officer first class.
Acting career
Early training
In his youth, Boone had attended the San Diego Army and Navy Academy in Carlsbad, California, where he was introduced to theatre under the tutelage of Virginia Atkinson.After the war, Boone used the G.I. Bill to study acting at the Actors Studio in New York.
Broadway
"Serious" and "methodical", Boone debuted on the Broadway theatrical scene in 1947 with Medea, starring Judith Anderson and John Gielgud; it ran for 214 performances. He was then in a production of Macbeth (1948).
Boone appeared in a short-lived TV series based on the play The Front Page (1949–50), and on anthology series such as Actors Studio and Suspense.
He returned to Broadway in The Man (1950), directed by Martin Ritt, with Dorothy Gish; it ran for 92 performances.
Elia Kazan used Boone to feed lines to an actress for a film screen-test done for director Lewis Milestone. Milestone was not impressed with the actress, but he was impressed enough with Boone's voice to summon him to Hollywood, where he was given a seven-year contract with Fox.
20th Century Fox
In 1950, Boone made his screen debut as a Marine officer in Milestone's Halls of Montezuma (1951). Fox used him in military parts in Call Me Mister (1951) and The Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel (1951). He had bigger roles in Red Skies of Montana (1952), Return of the Texan (1952), Kangaroo (1952) (directed by Milestone), and Way of a Gaucho (1952).
Kazan directed him in Man on a Tightrope (1953) and he had good parts in Vicki (1953) and City of Bad Men (1953)
In 1953, he played Pontius Pilate in The Robe, the first Cinemascope film. He had only one scene in the film, in which he gives instructions to Richard Burton, who plays the centurion ordered to crucify Christ. Boone also appeared in the second Cinemascope film, Beneath the 12-Mile Reef (1953).Boone made two films for Panoramic, which distributed through Fox: The Siege at Red River (1954) and The Raid (1954). He then left the studio.
Medic
During the filming of Halls of Montezuma, he befriended Jack Webb, who was then producing and starring in Dragnet. Boone appeared in the film version of Dragnet (1954).
Webb was preparing a series about a doctor for NBC. From 1954–56, Boone became a familiar face in the lead role of that medical drama, titled Medic, and in 1955 received an Emmy nomination for Best Actor Starring in a Regular Series.
While on Medic, Boone continued to appear in films and guest-star on television shows. He was cast in Westerns such as Ten Wanted Men (1955) with Randolph Scott, Man Without a Star (1955) with Kirk Douglas, Robbers' Roost (1955) with George Montgomery, Battle Stations (1955) with John Lund, Star in the Dust (1956) with John Agar, and Away All Boats (1956) with Jeff Chandler.
He also guest-starred on General Electric Theater, Matinee Theatre (a production of Wuthering Heights where he played Heathcliff), Frontier, Lux Video Theatre, The Ford Television Theatre, Studio One in Hollywood, and Climax!.Boone had one of his best roles in The Tall T (1957) with Randolph Scott. He co-starred with Eleanor Parker in Lizzie (1957) and was a villain in The Garment Jungle (1957).
Have Gun – Will Travel
Boone's next television series, Have Gun – Will Travel, made him a national star because of his role as Paladin, the intelligent and sophisticated, but tough gun-for-hire in the late 19th-century American West. The show had first been offered to actor Randolph Scott, who turned it down and gave the script to Boone while they were making Ten Wanted Men. The show ran from 1957 to 1963, with Boone receiving more Emmy nominations in 1959 and 1960.
During the show's run, Boone starred in the film I Bury the Living (1958) and appeared on Broadway in 1959, starring as Abraham Lincoln in The Rivalry, which ran for 81 performances.He occasionally did other acting appearances such as episodes of Playhouse 90 and The United States Steel Hour and TV movie The Right Man (1960). He had a cameo as Sam Houston in The Alamo (1960), a starring role in A Thunder of Drums (1961) and narrated a TV version of John Brown's Body.Boone was an occasional guest panelist and also a mystery guest on What's My Line?, the Sunday-night CBS-TV quiz show. On that show, he talked with host John Charles Daly about their days working together on the TV show The Front Page.
The Richard Boone Show
Boone had his own television anthology, The Richard Boone Show. Although it aired only from 1963 to 1964, he received his fourth Emmy nomination for it in 1964 along with The Danny Kaye Show and The Dick Van Dyke Show. The Richard Boone Show won a Golden Globe for Best Show in 1964.
Hawaii
After the end of the run of his weekly show, Boone and his family moved to Honolulu, Hawaii.He returned to the mainland to appear in films such as Rio Conchos (1964), The War Lord (1965) with Charlton Heston, Hombre (1967) with Paul Newman, and an episode of Cimarron Strip. The latter was the first time he guest-starred on someone else's show and he did it as a favor for the director, friend Lamont Johnson. "It's harder and harder to do your best work on TV," he said.In 1965, he came in third in the Laurel Award for Rio Conchos in Best Action Performance; Sean Connery won first place with Goldfinger and Burt Lancaster won second place with The Train.While he was living on Oahu, Boone helped persuade Leonard Freeman to film Hawaii Five-O exclusively in Hawaii. Prior to that, Freeman had planned to do "establishing" location shots in Hawaii, but principal production in Southern California. Boone and others convinced Freeman that the islands could offer all necessary support for a major TV series and would provide an authenticity otherwise unobtainable.Freeman, impressed by Boone's love of Hawaii, offered him the role of Steve McGarrett; Boone turned it down, however, and the role went to Jack Lord, who shared Boone's enthusiasm for the state, which Freeman considered vital. Coincidentally, Lord had appeared alongside Boone in the first episode of Have Gun – Will Travel, titled "Three Bells to Perdido".At the time, Boone had shot a pilot for CBS called Kona Coast (1968), which he hoped CBS would adopt as a series ("I really don't want to do another series," he said "but I've been battling for three years to get production going in Hawaii and if a series will do it, I'll do it."), but the network went instead only with Hawaii Five-O. Kona Coast – which Boone co produced – was released theatrically.
Films
Boone then focused on films: The Night of the Following Day (1969) with Marlon Brando, The Arrangement (1969) with Douglas for Elia Kazan, The Kremlin Letter (1970) for John Huston, and Big Jake (1971) with John Wayne.Boone did some TV movies, In Broad Daylight (1971), Deadly Harvest (1972), and Goodnight, My Love (1972). Around this time he moved to Florida.
Hec Ramsey
In the early 1970s, Boone starred in the short-lived TV series Hec Ramsey, which Jack Webb produced for Mark VII Limited Productions, and which was about a turn-of-the-20th-century Western-style police detective who preferred to use his brain and criminal forensic skills instead of his gun. The character Ramsey's back story had him as a frontier lawman and gunman in his younger days. Older now, he was the deputy chief of police of a small city in Oklahoma, still a skilled shooter, and carrying a short-barreled Colt Single Action Army revolver. Boone said to an interviewer in 1972, "You know, Hec Ramsey is a lot like Paladin, only fatter." This quote was often misinterpreted to mean that Hec Ramsey was a sequel to Have Gun – Will Travel, when it actually was not.
Israel
Boone starred in the 1970 film Madron (1970), the first Israeli-produced film shot outside Israel, set in the American West of the 1800s. In that year, he accepted an invitation from Israel's Commerce Ministry to provide the Israeli film industry with "Hollywood know-how". In 1979, he received an award from Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin "for his contribution to Israeli cinema".
Final performances
He starred in The Great Niagara (1974) and Against a Crooked Sky (1975) and supported John Wayne a third time, in Wayne's final film, The Shootist (1976). In the mid-1970s, Boone returned to The Neighborhood Playhouse in New York City, where he had once studied acting, to teach.
Boone did God's Gun (1976) with Leif Garrett, Lee Van Cleef, and Jack Palance. He appeared in The Last Dinosaur (1977) and The Big Sleep (1978), and provided the character voice of the dragon Smaug in the 1977 animated film version of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Hobbit.Boone's last appearances were in Winter Kills (1979) and The Bushido Blade (1979).
Personal life
Boone was married three times: to Jane Hopper (1937–1940), Mimi Kelly (1949–1950), and Claire McAloon (from 1951 until his death). His son with McAloon, Peter Boone, worked as a child actor in several Have Gun – Will Travel episodes.In 1963, Boone was injured in a car accident.Boone moved to St. Augustine, Florida, from Hawaii in 1970 and worked with the annual local production of Cross and Sword, when he was not acting on television or in movies, until shortly before his death in 1981. In the last year of his life, Boone was appointed Florida's cultural ambassador.During the 1970s, he wrote a newspaper column, called "It Seems to Me", for a small, free publication called The Town and Traveler. Some paper copies are in his biographical file at the St. Augustine Historical Society. He also gave acting lectures at Flagler College in 1972–1973.
Death
Boone died at his home in St. Augustine, Florida, due to complications from throat cancer. His ashes were scattered in the Pacific Ocean off Hawaii.
Filmography
Film
TV
References
Bibliography
Rothel, David (2001). Richard Boone: A Knight Without Armor in a Savage Land. Madison, NC: Empire Publishing, ISBN 978-0944019368
External links
Richard Boone at IMDb
Richard Boone at AllMovie
Richard Boone at the Internet Broadway Database
Richard Boone at Virtual History
Remembering Richard Boone, the teacher, greensburgdailynews.com; accessed September 1, 2017.
|
place of birth
|
{
"answer_start": [
256
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"text": [
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|
Richard Allen Boone (June 18, 1917 – January 10, 1981) was an American actor who starred in over 50 films and was notable for his roles in Westerns, including his starring role in the television series Have Gun – Will Travel.
Early life
Boone was born in Los Angeles, California, the middle child of Cecile (née Beckerman) and Kirk E. Boone, a corporate lawyer and fourth great-grandson of Squire Boone, frontiersman Daniel Boone's brother. His mother was Jewish, the daughter of immigrants from Russia.Richard Boone graduated from Hoover High School in Glendale, California. He attended Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, where he was a member of Theta Xi fraternity. He dropped out of Stanford prior to graduation and then worked as an oil rigger, bartender, painter, and writer. In 1941, Boone joined the United States Navy and served on three ships in the Pacific during World War II, seeing combat as an aviation ordnanceman, aircrewman, and tail gunner on Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo bombers, and ended his service with the rank of petty officer first class.
Acting career
Early training
In his youth, Boone had attended the San Diego Army and Navy Academy in Carlsbad, California, where he was introduced to theatre under the tutelage of Virginia Atkinson.After the war, Boone used the G.I. Bill to study acting at the Actors Studio in New York.
Broadway
"Serious" and "methodical", Boone debuted on the Broadway theatrical scene in 1947 with Medea, starring Judith Anderson and John Gielgud; it ran for 214 performances. He was then in a production of Macbeth (1948).
Boone appeared in a short-lived TV series based on the play The Front Page (1949–50), and on anthology series such as Actors Studio and Suspense.
He returned to Broadway in The Man (1950), directed by Martin Ritt, with Dorothy Gish; it ran for 92 performances.
Elia Kazan used Boone to feed lines to an actress for a film screen-test done for director Lewis Milestone. Milestone was not impressed with the actress, but he was impressed enough with Boone's voice to summon him to Hollywood, where he was given a seven-year contract with Fox.
20th Century Fox
In 1950, Boone made his screen debut as a Marine officer in Milestone's Halls of Montezuma (1951). Fox used him in military parts in Call Me Mister (1951) and The Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel (1951). He had bigger roles in Red Skies of Montana (1952), Return of the Texan (1952), Kangaroo (1952) (directed by Milestone), and Way of a Gaucho (1952).
Kazan directed him in Man on a Tightrope (1953) and he had good parts in Vicki (1953) and City of Bad Men (1953)
In 1953, he played Pontius Pilate in The Robe, the first Cinemascope film. He had only one scene in the film, in which he gives instructions to Richard Burton, who plays the centurion ordered to crucify Christ. Boone also appeared in the second Cinemascope film, Beneath the 12-Mile Reef (1953).Boone made two films for Panoramic, which distributed through Fox: The Siege at Red River (1954) and The Raid (1954). He then left the studio.
Medic
During the filming of Halls of Montezuma, he befriended Jack Webb, who was then producing and starring in Dragnet. Boone appeared in the film version of Dragnet (1954).
Webb was preparing a series about a doctor for NBC. From 1954–56, Boone became a familiar face in the lead role of that medical drama, titled Medic, and in 1955 received an Emmy nomination for Best Actor Starring in a Regular Series.
While on Medic, Boone continued to appear in films and guest-star on television shows. He was cast in Westerns such as Ten Wanted Men (1955) with Randolph Scott, Man Without a Star (1955) with Kirk Douglas, Robbers' Roost (1955) with George Montgomery, Battle Stations (1955) with John Lund, Star in the Dust (1956) with John Agar, and Away All Boats (1956) with Jeff Chandler.
He also guest-starred on General Electric Theater, Matinee Theatre (a production of Wuthering Heights where he played Heathcliff), Frontier, Lux Video Theatre, The Ford Television Theatre, Studio One in Hollywood, and Climax!.Boone had one of his best roles in The Tall T (1957) with Randolph Scott. He co-starred with Eleanor Parker in Lizzie (1957) and was a villain in The Garment Jungle (1957).
Have Gun – Will Travel
Boone's next television series, Have Gun – Will Travel, made him a national star because of his role as Paladin, the intelligent and sophisticated, but tough gun-for-hire in the late 19th-century American West. The show had first been offered to actor Randolph Scott, who turned it down and gave the script to Boone while they were making Ten Wanted Men. The show ran from 1957 to 1963, with Boone receiving more Emmy nominations in 1959 and 1960.
During the show's run, Boone starred in the film I Bury the Living (1958) and appeared on Broadway in 1959, starring as Abraham Lincoln in The Rivalry, which ran for 81 performances.He occasionally did other acting appearances such as episodes of Playhouse 90 and The United States Steel Hour and TV movie The Right Man (1960). He had a cameo as Sam Houston in The Alamo (1960), a starring role in A Thunder of Drums (1961) and narrated a TV version of John Brown's Body.Boone was an occasional guest panelist and also a mystery guest on What's My Line?, the Sunday-night CBS-TV quiz show. On that show, he talked with host John Charles Daly about their days working together on the TV show The Front Page.
The Richard Boone Show
Boone had his own television anthology, The Richard Boone Show. Although it aired only from 1963 to 1964, he received his fourth Emmy nomination for it in 1964 along with The Danny Kaye Show and The Dick Van Dyke Show. The Richard Boone Show won a Golden Globe for Best Show in 1964.
Hawaii
After the end of the run of his weekly show, Boone and his family moved to Honolulu, Hawaii.He returned to the mainland to appear in films such as Rio Conchos (1964), The War Lord (1965) with Charlton Heston, Hombre (1967) with Paul Newman, and an episode of Cimarron Strip. The latter was the first time he guest-starred on someone else's show and he did it as a favor for the director, friend Lamont Johnson. "It's harder and harder to do your best work on TV," he said.In 1965, he came in third in the Laurel Award for Rio Conchos in Best Action Performance; Sean Connery won first place with Goldfinger and Burt Lancaster won second place with The Train.While he was living on Oahu, Boone helped persuade Leonard Freeman to film Hawaii Five-O exclusively in Hawaii. Prior to that, Freeman had planned to do "establishing" location shots in Hawaii, but principal production in Southern California. Boone and others convinced Freeman that the islands could offer all necessary support for a major TV series and would provide an authenticity otherwise unobtainable.Freeman, impressed by Boone's love of Hawaii, offered him the role of Steve McGarrett; Boone turned it down, however, and the role went to Jack Lord, who shared Boone's enthusiasm for the state, which Freeman considered vital. Coincidentally, Lord had appeared alongside Boone in the first episode of Have Gun – Will Travel, titled "Three Bells to Perdido".At the time, Boone had shot a pilot for CBS called Kona Coast (1968), which he hoped CBS would adopt as a series ("I really don't want to do another series," he said "but I've been battling for three years to get production going in Hawaii and if a series will do it, I'll do it."), but the network went instead only with Hawaii Five-O. Kona Coast – which Boone co produced – was released theatrically.
Films
Boone then focused on films: The Night of the Following Day (1969) with Marlon Brando, The Arrangement (1969) with Douglas for Elia Kazan, The Kremlin Letter (1970) for John Huston, and Big Jake (1971) with John Wayne.Boone did some TV movies, In Broad Daylight (1971), Deadly Harvest (1972), and Goodnight, My Love (1972). Around this time he moved to Florida.
Hec Ramsey
In the early 1970s, Boone starred in the short-lived TV series Hec Ramsey, which Jack Webb produced for Mark VII Limited Productions, and which was about a turn-of-the-20th-century Western-style police detective who preferred to use his brain and criminal forensic skills instead of his gun. The character Ramsey's back story had him as a frontier lawman and gunman in his younger days. Older now, he was the deputy chief of police of a small city in Oklahoma, still a skilled shooter, and carrying a short-barreled Colt Single Action Army revolver. Boone said to an interviewer in 1972, "You know, Hec Ramsey is a lot like Paladin, only fatter." This quote was often misinterpreted to mean that Hec Ramsey was a sequel to Have Gun – Will Travel, when it actually was not.
Israel
Boone starred in the 1970 film Madron (1970), the first Israeli-produced film shot outside Israel, set in the American West of the 1800s. In that year, he accepted an invitation from Israel's Commerce Ministry to provide the Israeli film industry with "Hollywood know-how". In 1979, he received an award from Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin "for his contribution to Israeli cinema".
Final performances
He starred in The Great Niagara (1974) and Against a Crooked Sky (1975) and supported John Wayne a third time, in Wayne's final film, The Shootist (1976). In the mid-1970s, Boone returned to The Neighborhood Playhouse in New York City, where he had once studied acting, to teach.
Boone did God's Gun (1976) with Leif Garrett, Lee Van Cleef, and Jack Palance. He appeared in The Last Dinosaur (1977) and The Big Sleep (1978), and provided the character voice of the dragon Smaug in the 1977 animated film version of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Hobbit.Boone's last appearances were in Winter Kills (1979) and The Bushido Blade (1979).
Personal life
Boone was married three times: to Jane Hopper (1937–1940), Mimi Kelly (1949–1950), and Claire McAloon (from 1951 until his death). His son with McAloon, Peter Boone, worked as a child actor in several Have Gun – Will Travel episodes.In 1963, Boone was injured in a car accident.Boone moved to St. Augustine, Florida, from Hawaii in 1970 and worked with the annual local production of Cross and Sword, when he was not acting on television or in movies, until shortly before his death in 1981. In the last year of his life, Boone was appointed Florida's cultural ambassador.During the 1970s, he wrote a newspaper column, called "It Seems to Me", for a small, free publication called The Town and Traveler. Some paper copies are in his biographical file at the St. Augustine Historical Society. He also gave acting lectures at Flagler College in 1972–1973.
Death
Boone died at his home in St. Augustine, Florida, due to complications from throat cancer. His ashes were scattered in the Pacific Ocean off Hawaii.
Filmography
Film
TV
References
Bibliography
Rothel, David (2001). Richard Boone: A Knight Without Armor in a Savage Land. Madison, NC: Empire Publishing, ISBN 978-0944019368
External links
Richard Boone at IMDb
Richard Boone at AllMovie
Richard Boone at the Internet Broadway Database
Richard Boone at Virtual History
Remembering Richard Boone, the teacher, greensburgdailynews.com; accessed September 1, 2017.
|
place of death
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{
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Richard Allen Boone (June 18, 1917 – January 10, 1981) was an American actor who starred in over 50 films and was notable for his roles in Westerns, including his starring role in the television series Have Gun – Will Travel.
Early life
Boone was born in Los Angeles, California, the middle child of Cecile (née Beckerman) and Kirk E. Boone, a corporate lawyer and fourth great-grandson of Squire Boone, frontiersman Daniel Boone's brother. His mother was Jewish, the daughter of immigrants from Russia.Richard Boone graduated from Hoover High School in Glendale, California. He attended Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, where he was a member of Theta Xi fraternity. He dropped out of Stanford prior to graduation and then worked as an oil rigger, bartender, painter, and writer. In 1941, Boone joined the United States Navy and served on three ships in the Pacific during World War II, seeing combat as an aviation ordnanceman, aircrewman, and tail gunner on Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo bombers, and ended his service with the rank of petty officer first class.
Acting career
Early training
In his youth, Boone had attended the San Diego Army and Navy Academy in Carlsbad, California, where he was introduced to theatre under the tutelage of Virginia Atkinson.After the war, Boone used the G.I. Bill to study acting at the Actors Studio in New York.
Broadway
"Serious" and "methodical", Boone debuted on the Broadway theatrical scene in 1947 with Medea, starring Judith Anderson and John Gielgud; it ran for 214 performances. He was then in a production of Macbeth (1948).
Boone appeared in a short-lived TV series based on the play The Front Page (1949–50), and on anthology series such as Actors Studio and Suspense.
He returned to Broadway in The Man (1950), directed by Martin Ritt, with Dorothy Gish; it ran for 92 performances.
Elia Kazan used Boone to feed lines to an actress for a film screen-test done for director Lewis Milestone. Milestone was not impressed with the actress, but he was impressed enough with Boone's voice to summon him to Hollywood, where he was given a seven-year contract with Fox.
20th Century Fox
In 1950, Boone made his screen debut as a Marine officer in Milestone's Halls of Montezuma (1951). Fox used him in military parts in Call Me Mister (1951) and The Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel (1951). He had bigger roles in Red Skies of Montana (1952), Return of the Texan (1952), Kangaroo (1952) (directed by Milestone), and Way of a Gaucho (1952).
Kazan directed him in Man on a Tightrope (1953) and he had good parts in Vicki (1953) and City of Bad Men (1953)
In 1953, he played Pontius Pilate in The Robe, the first Cinemascope film. He had only one scene in the film, in which he gives instructions to Richard Burton, who plays the centurion ordered to crucify Christ. Boone also appeared in the second Cinemascope film, Beneath the 12-Mile Reef (1953).Boone made two films for Panoramic, which distributed through Fox: The Siege at Red River (1954) and The Raid (1954). He then left the studio.
Medic
During the filming of Halls of Montezuma, he befriended Jack Webb, who was then producing and starring in Dragnet. Boone appeared in the film version of Dragnet (1954).
Webb was preparing a series about a doctor for NBC. From 1954–56, Boone became a familiar face in the lead role of that medical drama, titled Medic, and in 1955 received an Emmy nomination for Best Actor Starring in a Regular Series.
While on Medic, Boone continued to appear in films and guest-star on television shows. He was cast in Westerns such as Ten Wanted Men (1955) with Randolph Scott, Man Without a Star (1955) with Kirk Douglas, Robbers' Roost (1955) with George Montgomery, Battle Stations (1955) with John Lund, Star in the Dust (1956) with John Agar, and Away All Boats (1956) with Jeff Chandler.
He also guest-starred on General Electric Theater, Matinee Theatre (a production of Wuthering Heights where he played Heathcliff), Frontier, Lux Video Theatre, The Ford Television Theatre, Studio One in Hollywood, and Climax!.Boone had one of his best roles in The Tall T (1957) with Randolph Scott. He co-starred with Eleanor Parker in Lizzie (1957) and was a villain in The Garment Jungle (1957).
Have Gun – Will Travel
Boone's next television series, Have Gun – Will Travel, made him a national star because of his role as Paladin, the intelligent and sophisticated, but tough gun-for-hire in the late 19th-century American West. The show had first been offered to actor Randolph Scott, who turned it down and gave the script to Boone while they were making Ten Wanted Men. The show ran from 1957 to 1963, with Boone receiving more Emmy nominations in 1959 and 1960.
During the show's run, Boone starred in the film I Bury the Living (1958) and appeared on Broadway in 1959, starring as Abraham Lincoln in The Rivalry, which ran for 81 performances.He occasionally did other acting appearances such as episodes of Playhouse 90 and The United States Steel Hour and TV movie The Right Man (1960). He had a cameo as Sam Houston in The Alamo (1960), a starring role in A Thunder of Drums (1961) and narrated a TV version of John Brown's Body.Boone was an occasional guest panelist and also a mystery guest on What's My Line?, the Sunday-night CBS-TV quiz show. On that show, he talked with host John Charles Daly about their days working together on the TV show The Front Page.
The Richard Boone Show
Boone had his own television anthology, The Richard Boone Show. Although it aired only from 1963 to 1964, he received his fourth Emmy nomination for it in 1964 along with The Danny Kaye Show and The Dick Van Dyke Show. The Richard Boone Show won a Golden Globe for Best Show in 1964.
Hawaii
After the end of the run of his weekly show, Boone and his family moved to Honolulu, Hawaii.He returned to the mainland to appear in films such as Rio Conchos (1964), The War Lord (1965) with Charlton Heston, Hombre (1967) with Paul Newman, and an episode of Cimarron Strip. The latter was the first time he guest-starred on someone else's show and he did it as a favor for the director, friend Lamont Johnson. "It's harder and harder to do your best work on TV," he said.In 1965, he came in third in the Laurel Award for Rio Conchos in Best Action Performance; Sean Connery won first place with Goldfinger and Burt Lancaster won second place with The Train.While he was living on Oahu, Boone helped persuade Leonard Freeman to film Hawaii Five-O exclusively in Hawaii. Prior to that, Freeman had planned to do "establishing" location shots in Hawaii, but principal production in Southern California. Boone and others convinced Freeman that the islands could offer all necessary support for a major TV series and would provide an authenticity otherwise unobtainable.Freeman, impressed by Boone's love of Hawaii, offered him the role of Steve McGarrett; Boone turned it down, however, and the role went to Jack Lord, who shared Boone's enthusiasm for the state, which Freeman considered vital. Coincidentally, Lord had appeared alongside Boone in the first episode of Have Gun – Will Travel, titled "Three Bells to Perdido".At the time, Boone had shot a pilot for CBS called Kona Coast (1968), which he hoped CBS would adopt as a series ("I really don't want to do another series," he said "but I've been battling for three years to get production going in Hawaii and if a series will do it, I'll do it."), but the network went instead only with Hawaii Five-O. Kona Coast – which Boone co produced – was released theatrically.
Films
Boone then focused on films: The Night of the Following Day (1969) with Marlon Brando, The Arrangement (1969) with Douglas for Elia Kazan, The Kremlin Letter (1970) for John Huston, and Big Jake (1971) with John Wayne.Boone did some TV movies, In Broad Daylight (1971), Deadly Harvest (1972), and Goodnight, My Love (1972). Around this time he moved to Florida.
Hec Ramsey
In the early 1970s, Boone starred in the short-lived TV series Hec Ramsey, which Jack Webb produced for Mark VII Limited Productions, and which was about a turn-of-the-20th-century Western-style police detective who preferred to use his brain and criminal forensic skills instead of his gun. The character Ramsey's back story had him as a frontier lawman and gunman in his younger days. Older now, he was the deputy chief of police of a small city in Oklahoma, still a skilled shooter, and carrying a short-barreled Colt Single Action Army revolver. Boone said to an interviewer in 1972, "You know, Hec Ramsey is a lot like Paladin, only fatter." This quote was often misinterpreted to mean that Hec Ramsey was a sequel to Have Gun – Will Travel, when it actually was not.
Israel
Boone starred in the 1970 film Madron (1970), the first Israeli-produced film shot outside Israel, set in the American West of the 1800s. In that year, he accepted an invitation from Israel's Commerce Ministry to provide the Israeli film industry with "Hollywood know-how". In 1979, he received an award from Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin "for his contribution to Israeli cinema".
Final performances
He starred in The Great Niagara (1974) and Against a Crooked Sky (1975) and supported John Wayne a third time, in Wayne's final film, The Shootist (1976). In the mid-1970s, Boone returned to The Neighborhood Playhouse in New York City, where he had once studied acting, to teach.
Boone did God's Gun (1976) with Leif Garrett, Lee Van Cleef, and Jack Palance. He appeared in The Last Dinosaur (1977) and The Big Sleep (1978), and provided the character voice of the dragon Smaug in the 1977 animated film version of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Hobbit.Boone's last appearances were in Winter Kills (1979) and The Bushido Blade (1979).
Personal life
Boone was married three times: to Jane Hopper (1937–1940), Mimi Kelly (1949–1950), and Claire McAloon (from 1951 until his death). His son with McAloon, Peter Boone, worked as a child actor in several Have Gun – Will Travel episodes.In 1963, Boone was injured in a car accident.Boone moved to St. Augustine, Florida, from Hawaii in 1970 and worked with the annual local production of Cross and Sword, when he was not acting on television or in movies, until shortly before his death in 1981. In the last year of his life, Boone was appointed Florida's cultural ambassador.During the 1970s, he wrote a newspaper column, called "It Seems to Me", for a small, free publication called The Town and Traveler. Some paper copies are in his biographical file at the St. Augustine Historical Society. He also gave acting lectures at Flagler College in 1972–1973.
Death
Boone died at his home in St. Augustine, Florida, due to complications from throat cancer. His ashes were scattered in the Pacific Ocean off Hawaii.
Filmography
Film
TV
References
Bibliography
Rothel, David (2001). Richard Boone: A Knight Without Armor in a Savage Land. Madison, NC: Empire Publishing, ISBN 978-0944019368
External links
Richard Boone at IMDb
Richard Boone at AllMovie
Richard Boone at the Internet Broadway Database
Richard Boone at Virtual History
Remembering Richard Boone, the teacher, greensburgdailynews.com; accessed September 1, 2017.
|
spouse
|
{
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9838
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"text": [
"Mimi Kelly"
]
}
|
Richard Allen Boone (June 18, 1917 – January 10, 1981) was an American actor who starred in over 50 films and was notable for his roles in Westerns, including his starring role in the television series Have Gun – Will Travel.
Early life
Boone was born in Los Angeles, California, the middle child of Cecile (née Beckerman) and Kirk E. Boone, a corporate lawyer and fourth great-grandson of Squire Boone, frontiersman Daniel Boone's brother. His mother was Jewish, the daughter of immigrants from Russia.Richard Boone graduated from Hoover High School in Glendale, California. He attended Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, where he was a member of Theta Xi fraternity. He dropped out of Stanford prior to graduation and then worked as an oil rigger, bartender, painter, and writer. In 1941, Boone joined the United States Navy and served on three ships in the Pacific during World War II, seeing combat as an aviation ordnanceman, aircrewman, and tail gunner on Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo bombers, and ended his service with the rank of petty officer first class.
Acting career
Early training
In his youth, Boone had attended the San Diego Army and Navy Academy in Carlsbad, California, where he was introduced to theatre under the tutelage of Virginia Atkinson.After the war, Boone used the G.I. Bill to study acting at the Actors Studio in New York.
Broadway
"Serious" and "methodical", Boone debuted on the Broadway theatrical scene in 1947 with Medea, starring Judith Anderson and John Gielgud; it ran for 214 performances. He was then in a production of Macbeth (1948).
Boone appeared in a short-lived TV series based on the play The Front Page (1949–50), and on anthology series such as Actors Studio and Suspense.
He returned to Broadway in The Man (1950), directed by Martin Ritt, with Dorothy Gish; it ran for 92 performances.
Elia Kazan used Boone to feed lines to an actress for a film screen-test done for director Lewis Milestone. Milestone was not impressed with the actress, but he was impressed enough with Boone's voice to summon him to Hollywood, where he was given a seven-year contract with Fox.
20th Century Fox
In 1950, Boone made his screen debut as a Marine officer in Milestone's Halls of Montezuma (1951). Fox used him in military parts in Call Me Mister (1951) and The Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel (1951). He had bigger roles in Red Skies of Montana (1952), Return of the Texan (1952), Kangaroo (1952) (directed by Milestone), and Way of a Gaucho (1952).
Kazan directed him in Man on a Tightrope (1953) and he had good parts in Vicki (1953) and City of Bad Men (1953)
In 1953, he played Pontius Pilate in The Robe, the first Cinemascope film. He had only one scene in the film, in which he gives instructions to Richard Burton, who plays the centurion ordered to crucify Christ. Boone also appeared in the second Cinemascope film, Beneath the 12-Mile Reef (1953).Boone made two films for Panoramic, which distributed through Fox: The Siege at Red River (1954) and The Raid (1954). He then left the studio.
Medic
During the filming of Halls of Montezuma, he befriended Jack Webb, who was then producing and starring in Dragnet. Boone appeared in the film version of Dragnet (1954).
Webb was preparing a series about a doctor for NBC. From 1954–56, Boone became a familiar face in the lead role of that medical drama, titled Medic, and in 1955 received an Emmy nomination for Best Actor Starring in a Regular Series.
While on Medic, Boone continued to appear in films and guest-star on television shows. He was cast in Westerns such as Ten Wanted Men (1955) with Randolph Scott, Man Without a Star (1955) with Kirk Douglas, Robbers' Roost (1955) with George Montgomery, Battle Stations (1955) with John Lund, Star in the Dust (1956) with John Agar, and Away All Boats (1956) with Jeff Chandler.
He also guest-starred on General Electric Theater, Matinee Theatre (a production of Wuthering Heights where he played Heathcliff), Frontier, Lux Video Theatre, The Ford Television Theatre, Studio One in Hollywood, and Climax!.Boone had one of his best roles in The Tall T (1957) with Randolph Scott. He co-starred with Eleanor Parker in Lizzie (1957) and was a villain in The Garment Jungle (1957).
Have Gun – Will Travel
Boone's next television series, Have Gun – Will Travel, made him a national star because of his role as Paladin, the intelligent and sophisticated, but tough gun-for-hire in the late 19th-century American West. The show had first been offered to actor Randolph Scott, who turned it down and gave the script to Boone while they were making Ten Wanted Men. The show ran from 1957 to 1963, with Boone receiving more Emmy nominations in 1959 and 1960.
During the show's run, Boone starred in the film I Bury the Living (1958) and appeared on Broadway in 1959, starring as Abraham Lincoln in The Rivalry, which ran for 81 performances.He occasionally did other acting appearances such as episodes of Playhouse 90 and The United States Steel Hour and TV movie The Right Man (1960). He had a cameo as Sam Houston in The Alamo (1960), a starring role in A Thunder of Drums (1961) and narrated a TV version of John Brown's Body.Boone was an occasional guest panelist and also a mystery guest on What's My Line?, the Sunday-night CBS-TV quiz show. On that show, he talked with host John Charles Daly about their days working together on the TV show The Front Page.
The Richard Boone Show
Boone had his own television anthology, The Richard Boone Show. Although it aired only from 1963 to 1964, he received his fourth Emmy nomination for it in 1964 along with The Danny Kaye Show and The Dick Van Dyke Show. The Richard Boone Show won a Golden Globe for Best Show in 1964.
Hawaii
After the end of the run of his weekly show, Boone and his family moved to Honolulu, Hawaii.He returned to the mainland to appear in films such as Rio Conchos (1964), The War Lord (1965) with Charlton Heston, Hombre (1967) with Paul Newman, and an episode of Cimarron Strip. The latter was the first time he guest-starred on someone else's show and he did it as a favor for the director, friend Lamont Johnson. "It's harder and harder to do your best work on TV," he said.In 1965, he came in third in the Laurel Award for Rio Conchos in Best Action Performance; Sean Connery won first place with Goldfinger and Burt Lancaster won second place with The Train.While he was living on Oahu, Boone helped persuade Leonard Freeman to film Hawaii Five-O exclusively in Hawaii. Prior to that, Freeman had planned to do "establishing" location shots in Hawaii, but principal production in Southern California. Boone and others convinced Freeman that the islands could offer all necessary support for a major TV series and would provide an authenticity otherwise unobtainable.Freeman, impressed by Boone's love of Hawaii, offered him the role of Steve McGarrett; Boone turned it down, however, and the role went to Jack Lord, who shared Boone's enthusiasm for the state, which Freeman considered vital. Coincidentally, Lord had appeared alongside Boone in the first episode of Have Gun – Will Travel, titled "Three Bells to Perdido".At the time, Boone had shot a pilot for CBS called Kona Coast (1968), which he hoped CBS would adopt as a series ("I really don't want to do another series," he said "but I've been battling for three years to get production going in Hawaii and if a series will do it, I'll do it."), but the network went instead only with Hawaii Five-O. Kona Coast – which Boone co produced – was released theatrically.
Films
Boone then focused on films: The Night of the Following Day (1969) with Marlon Brando, The Arrangement (1969) with Douglas for Elia Kazan, The Kremlin Letter (1970) for John Huston, and Big Jake (1971) with John Wayne.Boone did some TV movies, In Broad Daylight (1971), Deadly Harvest (1972), and Goodnight, My Love (1972). Around this time he moved to Florida.
Hec Ramsey
In the early 1970s, Boone starred in the short-lived TV series Hec Ramsey, which Jack Webb produced for Mark VII Limited Productions, and which was about a turn-of-the-20th-century Western-style police detective who preferred to use his brain and criminal forensic skills instead of his gun. The character Ramsey's back story had him as a frontier lawman and gunman in his younger days. Older now, he was the deputy chief of police of a small city in Oklahoma, still a skilled shooter, and carrying a short-barreled Colt Single Action Army revolver. Boone said to an interviewer in 1972, "You know, Hec Ramsey is a lot like Paladin, only fatter." This quote was often misinterpreted to mean that Hec Ramsey was a sequel to Have Gun – Will Travel, when it actually was not.
Israel
Boone starred in the 1970 film Madron (1970), the first Israeli-produced film shot outside Israel, set in the American West of the 1800s. In that year, he accepted an invitation from Israel's Commerce Ministry to provide the Israeli film industry with "Hollywood know-how". In 1979, he received an award from Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin "for his contribution to Israeli cinema".
Final performances
He starred in The Great Niagara (1974) and Against a Crooked Sky (1975) and supported John Wayne a third time, in Wayne's final film, The Shootist (1976). In the mid-1970s, Boone returned to The Neighborhood Playhouse in New York City, where he had once studied acting, to teach.
Boone did God's Gun (1976) with Leif Garrett, Lee Van Cleef, and Jack Palance. He appeared in The Last Dinosaur (1977) and The Big Sleep (1978), and provided the character voice of the dragon Smaug in the 1977 animated film version of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Hobbit.Boone's last appearances were in Winter Kills (1979) and The Bushido Blade (1979).
Personal life
Boone was married three times: to Jane Hopper (1937–1940), Mimi Kelly (1949–1950), and Claire McAloon (from 1951 until his death). His son with McAloon, Peter Boone, worked as a child actor in several Have Gun – Will Travel episodes.In 1963, Boone was injured in a car accident.Boone moved to St. Augustine, Florida, from Hawaii in 1970 and worked with the annual local production of Cross and Sword, when he was not acting on television or in movies, until shortly before his death in 1981. In the last year of his life, Boone was appointed Florida's cultural ambassador.During the 1970s, he wrote a newspaper column, called "It Seems to Me", for a small, free publication called The Town and Traveler. Some paper copies are in his biographical file at the St. Augustine Historical Society. He also gave acting lectures at Flagler College in 1972–1973.
Death
Boone died at his home in St. Augustine, Florida, due to complications from throat cancer. His ashes were scattered in the Pacific Ocean off Hawaii.
Filmography
Film
TV
References
Bibliography
Rothel, David (2001). Richard Boone: A Knight Without Armor in a Savage Land. Madison, NC: Empire Publishing, ISBN 978-0944019368
External links
Richard Boone at IMDb
Richard Boone at AllMovie
Richard Boone at the Internet Broadway Database
Richard Boone at Virtual History
Remembering Richard Boone, the teacher, greensburgdailynews.com; accessed September 1, 2017.
|
family name
|
{
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"text": [
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Richard Allen Boone (June 18, 1917 – January 10, 1981) was an American actor who starred in over 50 films and was notable for his roles in Westerns, including his starring role in the television series Have Gun – Will Travel.
Early life
Boone was born in Los Angeles, California, the middle child of Cecile (née Beckerman) and Kirk E. Boone, a corporate lawyer and fourth great-grandson of Squire Boone, frontiersman Daniel Boone's brother. His mother was Jewish, the daughter of immigrants from Russia.Richard Boone graduated from Hoover High School in Glendale, California. He attended Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, where he was a member of Theta Xi fraternity. He dropped out of Stanford prior to graduation and then worked as an oil rigger, bartender, painter, and writer. In 1941, Boone joined the United States Navy and served on three ships in the Pacific during World War II, seeing combat as an aviation ordnanceman, aircrewman, and tail gunner on Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo bombers, and ended his service with the rank of petty officer first class.
Acting career
Early training
In his youth, Boone had attended the San Diego Army and Navy Academy in Carlsbad, California, where he was introduced to theatre under the tutelage of Virginia Atkinson.After the war, Boone used the G.I. Bill to study acting at the Actors Studio in New York.
Broadway
"Serious" and "methodical", Boone debuted on the Broadway theatrical scene in 1947 with Medea, starring Judith Anderson and John Gielgud; it ran for 214 performances. He was then in a production of Macbeth (1948).
Boone appeared in a short-lived TV series based on the play The Front Page (1949–50), and on anthology series such as Actors Studio and Suspense.
He returned to Broadway in The Man (1950), directed by Martin Ritt, with Dorothy Gish; it ran for 92 performances.
Elia Kazan used Boone to feed lines to an actress for a film screen-test done for director Lewis Milestone. Milestone was not impressed with the actress, but he was impressed enough with Boone's voice to summon him to Hollywood, where he was given a seven-year contract with Fox.
20th Century Fox
In 1950, Boone made his screen debut as a Marine officer in Milestone's Halls of Montezuma (1951). Fox used him in military parts in Call Me Mister (1951) and The Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel (1951). He had bigger roles in Red Skies of Montana (1952), Return of the Texan (1952), Kangaroo (1952) (directed by Milestone), and Way of a Gaucho (1952).
Kazan directed him in Man on a Tightrope (1953) and he had good parts in Vicki (1953) and City of Bad Men (1953)
In 1953, he played Pontius Pilate in The Robe, the first Cinemascope film. He had only one scene in the film, in which he gives instructions to Richard Burton, who plays the centurion ordered to crucify Christ. Boone also appeared in the second Cinemascope film, Beneath the 12-Mile Reef (1953).Boone made two films for Panoramic, which distributed through Fox: The Siege at Red River (1954) and The Raid (1954). He then left the studio.
Medic
During the filming of Halls of Montezuma, he befriended Jack Webb, who was then producing and starring in Dragnet. Boone appeared in the film version of Dragnet (1954).
Webb was preparing a series about a doctor for NBC. From 1954–56, Boone became a familiar face in the lead role of that medical drama, titled Medic, and in 1955 received an Emmy nomination for Best Actor Starring in a Regular Series.
While on Medic, Boone continued to appear in films and guest-star on television shows. He was cast in Westerns such as Ten Wanted Men (1955) with Randolph Scott, Man Without a Star (1955) with Kirk Douglas, Robbers' Roost (1955) with George Montgomery, Battle Stations (1955) with John Lund, Star in the Dust (1956) with John Agar, and Away All Boats (1956) with Jeff Chandler.
He also guest-starred on General Electric Theater, Matinee Theatre (a production of Wuthering Heights where he played Heathcliff), Frontier, Lux Video Theatre, The Ford Television Theatre, Studio One in Hollywood, and Climax!.Boone had one of his best roles in The Tall T (1957) with Randolph Scott. He co-starred with Eleanor Parker in Lizzie (1957) and was a villain in The Garment Jungle (1957).
Have Gun – Will Travel
Boone's next television series, Have Gun – Will Travel, made him a national star because of his role as Paladin, the intelligent and sophisticated, but tough gun-for-hire in the late 19th-century American West. The show had first been offered to actor Randolph Scott, who turned it down and gave the script to Boone while they were making Ten Wanted Men. The show ran from 1957 to 1963, with Boone receiving more Emmy nominations in 1959 and 1960.
During the show's run, Boone starred in the film I Bury the Living (1958) and appeared on Broadway in 1959, starring as Abraham Lincoln in The Rivalry, which ran for 81 performances.He occasionally did other acting appearances such as episodes of Playhouse 90 and The United States Steel Hour and TV movie The Right Man (1960). He had a cameo as Sam Houston in The Alamo (1960), a starring role in A Thunder of Drums (1961) and narrated a TV version of John Brown's Body.Boone was an occasional guest panelist and also a mystery guest on What's My Line?, the Sunday-night CBS-TV quiz show. On that show, he talked with host John Charles Daly about their days working together on the TV show The Front Page.
The Richard Boone Show
Boone had his own television anthology, The Richard Boone Show. Although it aired only from 1963 to 1964, he received his fourth Emmy nomination for it in 1964 along with The Danny Kaye Show and The Dick Van Dyke Show. The Richard Boone Show won a Golden Globe for Best Show in 1964.
Hawaii
After the end of the run of his weekly show, Boone and his family moved to Honolulu, Hawaii.He returned to the mainland to appear in films such as Rio Conchos (1964), The War Lord (1965) with Charlton Heston, Hombre (1967) with Paul Newman, and an episode of Cimarron Strip. The latter was the first time he guest-starred on someone else's show and he did it as a favor for the director, friend Lamont Johnson. "It's harder and harder to do your best work on TV," he said.In 1965, he came in third in the Laurel Award for Rio Conchos in Best Action Performance; Sean Connery won first place with Goldfinger and Burt Lancaster won second place with The Train.While he was living on Oahu, Boone helped persuade Leonard Freeman to film Hawaii Five-O exclusively in Hawaii. Prior to that, Freeman had planned to do "establishing" location shots in Hawaii, but principal production in Southern California. Boone and others convinced Freeman that the islands could offer all necessary support for a major TV series and would provide an authenticity otherwise unobtainable.Freeman, impressed by Boone's love of Hawaii, offered him the role of Steve McGarrett; Boone turned it down, however, and the role went to Jack Lord, who shared Boone's enthusiasm for the state, which Freeman considered vital. Coincidentally, Lord had appeared alongside Boone in the first episode of Have Gun – Will Travel, titled "Three Bells to Perdido".At the time, Boone had shot a pilot for CBS called Kona Coast (1968), which he hoped CBS would adopt as a series ("I really don't want to do another series," he said "but I've been battling for three years to get production going in Hawaii and if a series will do it, I'll do it."), but the network went instead only with Hawaii Five-O. Kona Coast – which Boone co produced – was released theatrically.
Films
Boone then focused on films: The Night of the Following Day (1969) with Marlon Brando, The Arrangement (1969) with Douglas for Elia Kazan, The Kremlin Letter (1970) for John Huston, and Big Jake (1971) with John Wayne.Boone did some TV movies, In Broad Daylight (1971), Deadly Harvest (1972), and Goodnight, My Love (1972). Around this time he moved to Florida.
Hec Ramsey
In the early 1970s, Boone starred in the short-lived TV series Hec Ramsey, which Jack Webb produced for Mark VII Limited Productions, and which was about a turn-of-the-20th-century Western-style police detective who preferred to use his brain and criminal forensic skills instead of his gun. The character Ramsey's back story had him as a frontier lawman and gunman in his younger days. Older now, he was the deputy chief of police of a small city in Oklahoma, still a skilled shooter, and carrying a short-barreled Colt Single Action Army revolver. Boone said to an interviewer in 1972, "You know, Hec Ramsey is a lot like Paladin, only fatter." This quote was often misinterpreted to mean that Hec Ramsey was a sequel to Have Gun – Will Travel, when it actually was not.
Israel
Boone starred in the 1970 film Madron (1970), the first Israeli-produced film shot outside Israel, set in the American West of the 1800s. In that year, he accepted an invitation from Israel's Commerce Ministry to provide the Israeli film industry with "Hollywood know-how". In 1979, he received an award from Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin "for his contribution to Israeli cinema".
Final performances
He starred in The Great Niagara (1974) and Against a Crooked Sky (1975) and supported John Wayne a third time, in Wayne's final film, The Shootist (1976). In the mid-1970s, Boone returned to The Neighborhood Playhouse in New York City, where he had once studied acting, to teach.
Boone did God's Gun (1976) with Leif Garrett, Lee Van Cleef, and Jack Palance. He appeared in The Last Dinosaur (1977) and The Big Sleep (1978), and provided the character voice of the dragon Smaug in the 1977 animated film version of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Hobbit.Boone's last appearances were in Winter Kills (1979) and The Bushido Blade (1979).
Personal life
Boone was married three times: to Jane Hopper (1937–1940), Mimi Kelly (1949–1950), and Claire McAloon (from 1951 until his death). His son with McAloon, Peter Boone, worked as a child actor in several Have Gun – Will Travel episodes.In 1963, Boone was injured in a car accident.Boone moved to St. Augustine, Florida, from Hawaii in 1970 and worked with the annual local production of Cross and Sword, when he was not acting on television or in movies, until shortly before his death in 1981. In the last year of his life, Boone was appointed Florida's cultural ambassador.During the 1970s, he wrote a newspaper column, called "It Seems to Me", for a small, free publication called The Town and Traveler. Some paper copies are in his biographical file at the St. Augustine Historical Society. He also gave acting lectures at Flagler College in 1972–1973.
Death
Boone died at his home in St. Augustine, Florida, due to complications from throat cancer. His ashes were scattered in the Pacific Ocean off Hawaii.
Filmography
Film
TV
References
Bibliography
Rothel, David (2001). Richard Boone: A Knight Without Armor in a Savage Land. Madison, NC: Empire Publishing, ISBN 978-0944019368
External links
Richard Boone at IMDb
Richard Boone at AllMovie
Richard Boone at the Internet Broadway Database
Richard Boone at Virtual History
Remembering Richard Boone, the teacher, greensburgdailynews.com; accessed September 1, 2017.
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Richard Allen Boone (June 18, 1917 – January 10, 1981) was an American actor who starred in over 50 films and was notable for his roles in Westerns, including his starring role in the television series Have Gun – Will Travel.
Early life
Boone was born in Los Angeles, California, the middle child of Cecile (née Beckerman) and Kirk E. Boone, a corporate lawyer and fourth great-grandson of Squire Boone, frontiersman Daniel Boone's brother. His mother was Jewish, the daughter of immigrants from Russia.Richard Boone graduated from Hoover High School in Glendale, California. He attended Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, where he was a member of Theta Xi fraternity. He dropped out of Stanford prior to graduation and then worked as an oil rigger, bartender, painter, and writer. In 1941, Boone joined the United States Navy and served on three ships in the Pacific during World War II, seeing combat as an aviation ordnanceman, aircrewman, and tail gunner on Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo bombers, and ended his service with the rank of petty officer first class.
Acting career
Early training
In his youth, Boone had attended the San Diego Army and Navy Academy in Carlsbad, California, where he was introduced to theatre under the tutelage of Virginia Atkinson.After the war, Boone used the G.I. Bill to study acting at the Actors Studio in New York.
Broadway
"Serious" and "methodical", Boone debuted on the Broadway theatrical scene in 1947 with Medea, starring Judith Anderson and John Gielgud; it ran for 214 performances. He was then in a production of Macbeth (1948).
Boone appeared in a short-lived TV series based on the play The Front Page (1949–50), and on anthology series such as Actors Studio and Suspense.
He returned to Broadway in The Man (1950), directed by Martin Ritt, with Dorothy Gish; it ran for 92 performances.
Elia Kazan used Boone to feed lines to an actress for a film screen-test done for director Lewis Milestone. Milestone was not impressed with the actress, but he was impressed enough with Boone's voice to summon him to Hollywood, where he was given a seven-year contract with Fox.
20th Century Fox
In 1950, Boone made his screen debut as a Marine officer in Milestone's Halls of Montezuma (1951). Fox used him in military parts in Call Me Mister (1951) and The Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel (1951). He had bigger roles in Red Skies of Montana (1952), Return of the Texan (1952), Kangaroo (1952) (directed by Milestone), and Way of a Gaucho (1952).
Kazan directed him in Man on a Tightrope (1953) and he had good parts in Vicki (1953) and City of Bad Men (1953)
In 1953, he played Pontius Pilate in The Robe, the first Cinemascope film. He had only one scene in the film, in which he gives instructions to Richard Burton, who plays the centurion ordered to crucify Christ. Boone also appeared in the second Cinemascope film, Beneath the 12-Mile Reef (1953).Boone made two films for Panoramic, which distributed through Fox: The Siege at Red River (1954) and The Raid (1954). He then left the studio.
Medic
During the filming of Halls of Montezuma, he befriended Jack Webb, who was then producing and starring in Dragnet. Boone appeared in the film version of Dragnet (1954).
Webb was preparing a series about a doctor for NBC. From 1954–56, Boone became a familiar face in the lead role of that medical drama, titled Medic, and in 1955 received an Emmy nomination for Best Actor Starring in a Regular Series.
While on Medic, Boone continued to appear in films and guest-star on television shows. He was cast in Westerns such as Ten Wanted Men (1955) with Randolph Scott, Man Without a Star (1955) with Kirk Douglas, Robbers' Roost (1955) with George Montgomery, Battle Stations (1955) with John Lund, Star in the Dust (1956) with John Agar, and Away All Boats (1956) with Jeff Chandler.
He also guest-starred on General Electric Theater, Matinee Theatre (a production of Wuthering Heights where he played Heathcliff), Frontier, Lux Video Theatre, The Ford Television Theatre, Studio One in Hollywood, and Climax!.Boone had one of his best roles in The Tall T (1957) with Randolph Scott. He co-starred with Eleanor Parker in Lizzie (1957) and was a villain in The Garment Jungle (1957).
Have Gun – Will Travel
Boone's next television series, Have Gun – Will Travel, made him a national star because of his role as Paladin, the intelligent and sophisticated, but tough gun-for-hire in the late 19th-century American West. The show had first been offered to actor Randolph Scott, who turned it down and gave the script to Boone while they were making Ten Wanted Men. The show ran from 1957 to 1963, with Boone receiving more Emmy nominations in 1959 and 1960.
During the show's run, Boone starred in the film I Bury the Living (1958) and appeared on Broadway in 1959, starring as Abraham Lincoln in The Rivalry, which ran for 81 performances.He occasionally did other acting appearances such as episodes of Playhouse 90 and The United States Steel Hour and TV movie The Right Man (1960). He had a cameo as Sam Houston in The Alamo (1960), a starring role in A Thunder of Drums (1961) and narrated a TV version of John Brown's Body.Boone was an occasional guest panelist and also a mystery guest on What's My Line?, the Sunday-night CBS-TV quiz show. On that show, he talked with host John Charles Daly about their days working together on the TV show The Front Page.
The Richard Boone Show
Boone had his own television anthology, The Richard Boone Show. Although it aired only from 1963 to 1964, he received his fourth Emmy nomination for it in 1964 along with The Danny Kaye Show and The Dick Van Dyke Show. The Richard Boone Show won a Golden Globe for Best Show in 1964.
Hawaii
After the end of the run of his weekly show, Boone and his family moved to Honolulu, Hawaii.He returned to the mainland to appear in films such as Rio Conchos (1964), The War Lord (1965) with Charlton Heston, Hombre (1967) with Paul Newman, and an episode of Cimarron Strip. The latter was the first time he guest-starred on someone else's show and he did it as a favor for the director, friend Lamont Johnson. "It's harder and harder to do your best work on TV," he said.In 1965, he came in third in the Laurel Award for Rio Conchos in Best Action Performance; Sean Connery won first place with Goldfinger and Burt Lancaster won second place with The Train.While he was living on Oahu, Boone helped persuade Leonard Freeman to film Hawaii Five-O exclusively in Hawaii. Prior to that, Freeman had planned to do "establishing" location shots in Hawaii, but principal production in Southern California. Boone and others convinced Freeman that the islands could offer all necessary support for a major TV series and would provide an authenticity otherwise unobtainable.Freeman, impressed by Boone's love of Hawaii, offered him the role of Steve McGarrett; Boone turned it down, however, and the role went to Jack Lord, who shared Boone's enthusiasm for the state, which Freeman considered vital. Coincidentally, Lord had appeared alongside Boone in the first episode of Have Gun – Will Travel, titled "Three Bells to Perdido".At the time, Boone had shot a pilot for CBS called Kona Coast (1968), which he hoped CBS would adopt as a series ("I really don't want to do another series," he said "but I've been battling for three years to get production going in Hawaii and if a series will do it, I'll do it."), but the network went instead only with Hawaii Five-O. Kona Coast – which Boone co produced – was released theatrically.
Films
Boone then focused on films: The Night of the Following Day (1969) with Marlon Brando, The Arrangement (1969) with Douglas for Elia Kazan, The Kremlin Letter (1970) for John Huston, and Big Jake (1971) with John Wayne.Boone did some TV movies, In Broad Daylight (1971), Deadly Harvest (1972), and Goodnight, My Love (1972). Around this time he moved to Florida.
Hec Ramsey
In the early 1970s, Boone starred in the short-lived TV series Hec Ramsey, which Jack Webb produced for Mark VII Limited Productions, and which was about a turn-of-the-20th-century Western-style police detective who preferred to use his brain and criminal forensic skills instead of his gun. The character Ramsey's back story had him as a frontier lawman and gunman in his younger days. Older now, he was the deputy chief of police of a small city in Oklahoma, still a skilled shooter, and carrying a short-barreled Colt Single Action Army revolver. Boone said to an interviewer in 1972, "You know, Hec Ramsey is a lot like Paladin, only fatter." This quote was often misinterpreted to mean that Hec Ramsey was a sequel to Have Gun – Will Travel, when it actually was not.
Israel
Boone starred in the 1970 film Madron (1970), the first Israeli-produced film shot outside Israel, set in the American West of the 1800s. In that year, he accepted an invitation from Israel's Commerce Ministry to provide the Israeli film industry with "Hollywood know-how". In 1979, he received an award from Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin "for his contribution to Israeli cinema".
Final performances
He starred in The Great Niagara (1974) and Against a Crooked Sky (1975) and supported John Wayne a third time, in Wayne's final film, The Shootist (1976). In the mid-1970s, Boone returned to The Neighborhood Playhouse in New York City, where he had once studied acting, to teach.
Boone did God's Gun (1976) with Leif Garrett, Lee Van Cleef, and Jack Palance. He appeared in The Last Dinosaur (1977) and The Big Sleep (1978), and provided the character voice of the dragon Smaug in the 1977 animated film version of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Hobbit.Boone's last appearances were in Winter Kills (1979) and The Bushido Blade (1979).
Personal life
Boone was married three times: to Jane Hopper (1937–1940), Mimi Kelly (1949–1950), and Claire McAloon (from 1951 until his death). His son with McAloon, Peter Boone, worked as a child actor in several Have Gun – Will Travel episodes.In 1963, Boone was injured in a car accident.Boone moved to St. Augustine, Florida, from Hawaii in 1970 and worked with the annual local production of Cross and Sword, when he was not acting on television or in movies, until shortly before his death in 1981. In the last year of his life, Boone was appointed Florida's cultural ambassador.During the 1970s, he wrote a newspaper column, called "It Seems to Me", for a small, free publication called The Town and Traveler. Some paper copies are in his biographical file at the St. Augustine Historical Society. He also gave acting lectures at Flagler College in 1972–1973.
Death
Boone died at his home in St. Augustine, Florida, due to complications from throat cancer. His ashes were scattered in the Pacific Ocean off Hawaii.
Filmography
Film
TV
References
Bibliography
Rothel, David (2001). Richard Boone: A Knight Without Armor in a Savage Land. Madison, NC: Empire Publishing, ISBN 978-0944019368
External links
Richard Boone at IMDb
Richard Boone at AllMovie
Richard Boone at the Internet Broadway Database
Richard Boone at Virtual History
Remembering Richard Boone, the teacher, greensburgdailynews.com; accessed September 1, 2017.
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Richard Allen Boone (June 18, 1917 – January 10, 1981) was an American actor who starred in over 50 films and was notable for his roles in Westerns, including his starring role in the television series Have Gun – Will Travel.
Early life
Boone was born in Los Angeles, California, the middle child of Cecile (née Beckerman) and Kirk E. Boone, a corporate lawyer and fourth great-grandson of Squire Boone, frontiersman Daniel Boone's brother. His mother was Jewish, the daughter of immigrants from Russia.Richard Boone graduated from Hoover High School in Glendale, California. He attended Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, where he was a member of Theta Xi fraternity. He dropped out of Stanford prior to graduation and then worked as an oil rigger, bartender, painter, and writer. In 1941, Boone joined the United States Navy and served on three ships in the Pacific during World War II, seeing combat as an aviation ordnanceman, aircrewman, and tail gunner on Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo bombers, and ended his service with the rank of petty officer first class.
Acting career
Early training
In his youth, Boone had attended the San Diego Army and Navy Academy in Carlsbad, California, where he was introduced to theatre under the tutelage of Virginia Atkinson.After the war, Boone used the G.I. Bill to study acting at the Actors Studio in New York.
Broadway
"Serious" and "methodical", Boone debuted on the Broadway theatrical scene in 1947 with Medea, starring Judith Anderson and John Gielgud; it ran for 214 performances. He was then in a production of Macbeth (1948).
Boone appeared in a short-lived TV series based on the play The Front Page (1949–50), and on anthology series such as Actors Studio and Suspense.
He returned to Broadway in The Man (1950), directed by Martin Ritt, with Dorothy Gish; it ran for 92 performances.
Elia Kazan used Boone to feed lines to an actress for a film screen-test done for director Lewis Milestone. Milestone was not impressed with the actress, but he was impressed enough with Boone's voice to summon him to Hollywood, where he was given a seven-year contract with Fox.
20th Century Fox
In 1950, Boone made his screen debut as a Marine officer in Milestone's Halls of Montezuma (1951). Fox used him in military parts in Call Me Mister (1951) and The Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel (1951). He had bigger roles in Red Skies of Montana (1952), Return of the Texan (1952), Kangaroo (1952) (directed by Milestone), and Way of a Gaucho (1952).
Kazan directed him in Man on a Tightrope (1953) and he had good parts in Vicki (1953) and City of Bad Men (1953)
In 1953, he played Pontius Pilate in The Robe, the first Cinemascope film. He had only one scene in the film, in which he gives instructions to Richard Burton, who plays the centurion ordered to crucify Christ. Boone also appeared in the second Cinemascope film, Beneath the 12-Mile Reef (1953).Boone made two films for Panoramic, which distributed through Fox: The Siege at Red River (1954) and The Raid (1954). He then left the studio.
Medic
During the filming of Halls of Montezuma, he befriended Jack Webb, who was then producing and starring in Dragnet. Boone appeared in the film version of Dragnet (1954).
Webb was preparing a series about a doctor for NBC. From 1954–56, Boone became a familiar face in the lead role of that medical drama, titled Medic, and in 1955 received an Emmy nomination for Best Actor Starring in a Regular Series.
While on Medic, Boone continued to appear in films and guest-star on television shows. He was cast in Westerns such as Ten Wanted Men (1955) with Randolph Scott, Man Without a Star (1955) with Kirk Douglas, Robbers' Roost (1955) with George Montgomery, Battle Stations (1955) with John Lund, Star in the Dust (1956) with John Agar, and Away All Boats (1956) with Jeff Chandler.
He also guest-starred on General Electric Theater, Matinee Theatre (a production of Wuthering Heights where he played Heathcliff), Frontier, Lux Video Theatre, The Ford Television Theatre, Studio One in Hollywood, and Climax!.Boone had one of his best roles in The Tall T (1957) with Randolph Scott. He co-starred with Eleanor Parker in Lizzie (1957) and was a villain in The Garment Jungle (1957).
Have Gun – Will Travel
Boone's next television series, Have Gun – Will Travel, made him a national star because of his role as Paladin, the intelligent and sophisticated, but tough gun-for-hire in the late 19th-century American West. The show had first been offered to actor Randolph Scott, who turned it down and gave the script to Boone while they were making Ten Wanted Men. The show ran from 1957 to 1963, with Boone receiving more Emmy nominations in 1959 and 1960.
During the show's run, Boone starred in the film I Bury the Living (1958) and appeared on Broadway in 1959, starring as Abraham Lincoln in The Rivalry, which ran for 81 performances.He occasionally did other acting appearances such as episodes of Playhouse 90 and The United States Steel Hour and TV movie The Right Man (1960). He had a cameo as Sam Houston in The Alamo (1960), a starring role in A Thunder of Drums (1961) and narrated a TV version of John Brown's Body.Boone was an occasional guest panelist and also a mystery guest on What's My Line?, the Sunday-night CBS-TV quiz show. On that show, he talked with host John Charles Daly about their days working together on the TV show The Front Page.
The Richard Boone Show
Boone had his own television anthology, The Richard Boone Show. Although it aired only from 1963 to 1964, he received his fourth Emmy nomination for it in 1964 along with The Danny Kaye Show and The Dick Van Dyke Show. The Richard Boone Show won a Golden Globe for Best Show in 1964.
Hawaii
After the end of the run of his weekly show, Boone and his family moved to Honolulu, Hawaii.He returned to the mainland to appear in films such as Rio Conchos (1964), The War Lord (1965) with Charlton Heston, Hombre (1967) with Paul Newman, and an episode of Cimarron Strip. The latter was the first time he guest-starred on someone else's show and he did it as a favor for the director, friend Lamont Johnson. "It's harder and harder to do your best work on TV," he said.In 1965, he came in third in the Laurel Award for Rio Conchos in Best Action Performance; Sean Connery won first place with Goldfinger and Burt Lancaster won second place with The Train.While he was living on Oahu, Boone helped persuade Leonard Freeman to film Hawaii Five-O exclusively in Hawaii. Prior to that, Freeman had planned to do "establishing" location shots in Hawaii, but principal production in Southern California. Boone and others convinced Freeman that the islands could offer all necessary support for a major TV series and would provide an authenticity otherwise unobtainable.Freeman, impressed by Boone's love of Hawaii, offered him the role of Steve McGarrett; Boone turned it down, however, and the role went to Jack Lord, who shared Boone's enthusiasm for the state, which Freeman considered vital. Coincidentally, Lord had appeared alongside Boone in the first episode of Have Gun – Will Travel, titled "Three Bells to Perdido".At the time, Boone had shot a pilot for CBS called Kona Coast (1968), which he hoped CBS would adopt as a series ("I really don't want to do another series," he said "but I've been battling for three years to get production going in Hawaii and if a series will do it, I'll do it."), but the network went instead only with Hawaii Five-O. Kona Coast – which Boone co produced – was released theatrically.
Films
Boone then focused on films: The Night of the Following Day (1969) with Marlon Brando, The Arrangement (1969) with Douglas for Elia Kazan, The Kremlin Letter (1970) for John Huston, and Big Jake (1971) with John Wayne.Boone did some TV movies, In Broad Daylight (1971), Deadly Harvest (1972), and Goodnight, My Love (1972). Around this time he moved to Florida.
Hec Ramsey
In the early 1970s, Boone starred in the short-lived TV series Hec Ramsey, which Jack Webb produced for Mark VII Limited Productions, and which was about a turn-of-the-20th-century Western-style police detective who preferred to use his brain and criminal forensic skills instead of his gun. The character Ramsey's back story had him as a frontier lawman and gunman in his younger days. Older now, he was the deputy chief of police of a small city in Oklahoma, still a skilled shooter, and carrying a short-barreled Colt Single Action Army revolver. Boone said to an interviewer in 1972, "You know, Hec Ramsey is a lot like Paladin, only fatter." This quote was often misinterpreted to mean that Hec Ramsey was a sequel to Have Gun – Will Travel, when it actually was not.
Israel
Boone starred in the 1970 film Madron (1970), the first Israeli-produced film shot outside Israel, set in the American West of the 1800s. In that year, he accepted an invitation from Israel's Commerce Ministry to provide the Israeli film industry with "Hollywood know-how". In 1979, he received an award from Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin "for his contribution to Israeli cinema".
Final performances
He starred in The Great Niagara (1974) and Against a Crooked Sky (1975) and supported John Wayne a third time, in Wayne's final film, The Shootist (1976). In the mid-1970s, Boone returned to The Neighborhood Playhouse in New York City, where he had once studied acting, to teach.
Boone did God's Gun (1976) with Leif Garrett, Lee Van Cleef, and Jack Palance. He appeared in The Last Dinosaur (1977) and The Big Sleep (1978), and provided the character voice of the dragon Smaug in the 1977 animated film version of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Hobbit.Boone's last appearances were in Winter Kills (1979) and The Bushido Blade (1979).
Personal life
Boone was married three times: to Jane Hopper (1937–1940), Mimi Kelly (1949–1950), and Claire McAloon (from 1951 until his death). His son with McAloon, Peter Boone, worked as a child actor in several Have Gun – Will Travel episodes.In 1963, Boone was injured in a car accident.Boone moved to St. Augustine, Florida, from Hawaii in 1970 and worked with the annual local production of Cross and Sword, when he was not acting on television or in movies, until shortly before his death in 1981. In the last year of his life, Boone was appointed Florida's cultural ambassador.During the 1970s, he wrote a newspaper column, called "It Seems to Me", for a small, free publication called The Town and Traveler. Some paper copies are in his biographical file at the St. Augustine Historical Society. He also gave acting lectures at Flagler College in 1972–1973.
Death
Boone died at his home in St. Augustine, Florida, due to complications from throat cancer. His ashes were scattered in the Pacific Ocean off Hawaii.
Filmography
Film
TV
References
Bibliography
Rothel, David (2001). Richard Boone: A Knight Without Armor in a Savage Land. Madison, NC: Empire Publishing, ISBN 978-0944019368
External links
Richard Boone at IMDb
Richard Boone at AllMovie
Richard Boone at the Internet Broadway Database
Richard Boone at Virtual History
Remembering Richard Boone, the teacher, greensburgdailynews.com; accessed September 1, 2017.
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Richard Allen Boone (June 18, 1917 – January 10, 1981) was an American actor who starred in over 50 films and was notable for his roles in Westerns, including his starring role in the television series Have Gun – Will Travel.
Early life
Boone was born in Los Angeles, California, the middle child of Cecile (née Beckerman) and Kirk E. Boone, a corporate lawyer and fourth great-grandson of Squire Boone, frontiersman Daniel Boone's brother. His mother was Jewish, the daughter of immigrants from Russia.Richard Boone graduated from Hoover High School in Glendale, California. He attended Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, where he was a member of Theta Xi fraternity. He dropped out of Stanford prior to graduation and then worked as an oil rigger, bartender, painter, and writer. In 1941, Boone joined the United States Navy and served on three ships in the Pacific during World War II, seeing combat as an aviation ordnanceman, aircrewman, and tail gunner on Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo bombers, and ended his service with the rank of petty officer first class.
Acting career
Early training
In his youth, Boone had attended the San Diego Army and Navy Academy in Carlsbad, California, where he was introduced to theatre under the tutelage of Virginia Atkinson.After the war, Boone used the G.I. Bill to study acting at the Actors Studio in New York.
Broadway
"Serious" and "methodical", Boone debuted on the Broadway theatrical scene in 1947 with Medea, starring Judith Anderson and John Gielgud; it ran for 214 performances. He was then in a production of Macbeth (1948).
Boone appeared in a short-lived TV series based on the play The Front Page (1949–50), and on anthology series such as Actors Studio and Suspense.
He returned to Broadway in The Man (1950), directed by Martin Ritt, with Dorothy Gish; it ran for 92 performances.
Elia Kazan used Boone to feed lines to an actress for a film screen-test done for director Lewis Milestone. Milestone was not impressed with the actress, but he was impressed enough with Boone's voice to summon him to Hollywood, where he was given a seven-year contract with Fox.
20th Century Fox
In 1950, Boone made his screen debut as a Marine officer in Milestone's Halls of Montezuma (1951). Fox used him in military parts in Call Me Mister (1951) and The Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel (1951). He had bigger roles in Red Skies of Montana (1952), Return of the Texan (1952), Kangaroo (1952) (directed by Milestone), and Way of a Gaucho (1952).
Kazan directed him in Man on a Tightrope (1953) and he had good parts in Vicki (1953) and City of Bad Men (1953)
In 1953, he played Pontius Pilate in The Robe, the first Cinemascope film. He had only one scene in the film, in which he gives instructions to Richard Burton, who plays the centurion ordered to crucify Christ. Boone also appeared in the second Cinemascope film, Beneath the 12-Mile Reef (1953).Boone made two films for Panoramic, which distributed through Fox: The Siege at Red River (1954) and The Raid (1954). He then left the studio.
Medic
During the filming of Halls of Montezuma, he befriended Jack Webb, who was then producing and starring in Dragnet. Boone appeared in the film version of Dragnet (1954).
Webb was preparing a series about a doctor for NBC. From 1954–56, Boone became a familiar face in the lead role of that medical drama, titled Medic, and in 1955 received an Emmy nomination for Best Actor Starring in a Regular Series.
While on Medic, Boone continued to appear in films and guest-star on television shows. He was cast in Westerns such as Ten Wanted Men (1955) with Randolph Scott, Man Without a Star (1955) with Kirk Douglas, Robbers' Roost (1955) with George Montgomery, Battle Stations (1955) with John Lund, Star in the Dust (1956) with John Agar, and Away All Boats (1956) with Jeff Chandler.
He also guest-starred on General Electric Theater, Matinee Theatre (a production of Wuthering Heights where he played Heathcliff), Frontier, Lux Video Theatre, The Ford Television Theatre, Studio One in Hollywood, and Climax!.Boone had one of his best roles in The Tall T (1957) with Randolph Scott. He co-starred with Eleanor Parker in Lizzie (1957) and was a villain in The Garment Jungle (1957).
Have Gun – Will Travel
Boone's next television series, Have Gun – Will Travel, made him a national star because of his role as Paladin, the intelligent and sophisticated, but tough gun-for-hire in the late 19th-century American West. The show had first been offered to actor Randolph Scott, who turned it down and gave the script to Boone while they were making Ten Wanted Men. The show ran from 1957 to 1963, with Boone receiving more Emmy nominations in 1959 and 1960.
During the show's run, Boone starred in the film I Bury the Living (1958) and appeared on Broadway in 1959, starring as Abraham Lincoln in The Rivalry, which ran for 81 performances.He occasionally did other acting appearances such as episodes of Playhouse 90 and The United States Steel Hour and TV movie The Right Man (1960). He had a cameo as Sam Houston in The Alamo (1960), a starring role in A Thunder of Drums (1961) and narrated a TV version of John Brown's Body.Boone was an occasional guest panelist and also a mystery guest on What's My Line?, the Sunday-night CBS-TV quiz show. On that show, he talked with host John Charles Daly about their days working together on the TV show The Front Page.
The Richard Boone Show
Boone had his own television anthology, The Richard Boone Show. Although it aired only from 1963 to 1964, he received his fourth Emmy nomination for it in 1964 along with The Danny Kaye Show and The Dick Van Dyke Show. The Richard Boone Show won a Golden Globe for Best Show in 1964.
Hawaii
After the end of the run of his weekly show, Boone and his family moved to Honolulu, Hawaii.He returned to the mainland to appear in films such as Rio Conchos (1964), The War Lord (1965) with Charlton Heston, Hombre (1967) with Paul Newman, and an episode of Cimarron Strip. The latter was the first time he guest-starred on someone else's show and he did it as a favor for the director, friend Lamont Johnson. "It's harder and harder to do your best work on TV," he said.In 1965, he came in third in the Laurel Award for Rio Conchos in Best Action Performance; Sean Connery won first place with Goldfinger and Burt Lancaster won second place with The Train.While he was living on Oahu, Boone helped persuade Leonard Freeman to film Hawaii Five-O exclusively in Hawaii. Prior to that, Freeman had planned to do "establishing" location shots in Hawaii, but principal production in Southern California. Boone and others convinced Freeman that the islands could offer all necessary support for a major TV series and would provide an authenticity otherwise unobtainable.Freeman, impressed by Boone's love of Hawaii, offered him the role of Steve McGarrett; Boone turned it down, however, and the role went to Jack Lord, who shared Boone's enthusiasm for the state, which Freeman considered vital. Coincidentally, Lord had appeared alongside Boone in the first episode of Have Gun – Will Travel, titled "Three Bells to Perdido".At the time, Boone had shot a pilot for CBS called Kona Coast (1968), which he hoped CBS would adopt as a series ("I really don't want to do another series," he said "but I've been battling for three years to get production going in Hawaii and if a series will do it, I'll do it."), but the network went instead only with Hawaii Five-O. Kona Coast – which Boone co produced – was released theatrically.
Films
Boone then focused on films: The Night of the Following Day (1969) with Marlon Brando, The Arrangement (1969) with Douglas for Elia Kazan, The Kremlin Letter (1970) for John Huston, and Big Jake (1971) with John Wayne.Boone did some TV movies, In Broad Daylight (1971), Deadly Harvest (1972), and Goodnight, My Love (1972). Around this time he moved to Florida.
Hec Ramsey
In the early 1970s, Boone starred in the short-lived TV series Hec Ramsey, which Jack Webb produced for Mark VII Limited Productions, and which was about a turn-of-the-20th-century Western-style police detective who preferred to use his brain and criminal forensic skills instead of his gun. The character Ramsey's back story had him as a frontier lawman and gunman in his younger days. Older now, he was the deputy chief of police of a small city in Oklahoma, still a skilled shooter, and carrying a short-barreled Colt Single Action Army revolver. Boone said to an interviewer in 1972, "You know, Hec Ramsey is a lot like Paladin, only fatter." This quote was often misinterpreted to mean that Hec Ramsey was a sequel to Have Gun – Will Travel, when it actually was not.
Israel
Boone starred in the 1970 film Madron (1970), the first Israeli-produced film shot outside Israel, set in the American West of the 1800s. In that year, he accepted an invitation from Israel's Commerce Ministry to provide the Israeli film industry with "Hollywood know-how". In 1979, he received an award from Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin "for his contribution to Israeli cinema".
Final performances
He starred in The Great Niagara (1974) and Against a Crooked Sky (1975) and supported John Wayne a third time, in Wayne's final film, The Shootist (1976). In the mid-1970s, Boone returned to The Neighborhood Playhouse in New York City, where he had once studied acting, to teach.
Boone did God's Gun (1976) with Leif Garrett, Lee Van Cleef, and Jack Palance. He appeared in The Last Dinosaur (1977) and The Big Sleep (1978), and provided the character voice of the dragon Smaug in the 1977 animated film version of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Hobbit.Boone's last appearances were in Winter Kills (1979) and The Bushido Blade (1979).
Personal life
Boone was married three times: to Jane Hopper (1937–1940), Mimi Kelly (1949–1950), and Claire McAloon (from 1951 until his death). His son with McAloon, Peter Boone, worked as a child actor in several Have Gun – Will Travel episodes.In 1963, Boone was injured in a car accident.Boone moved to St. Augustine, Florida, from Hawaii in 1970 and worked with the annual local production of Cross and Sword, when he was not acting on television or in movies, until shortly before his death in 1981. In the last year of his life, Boone was appointed Florida's cultural ambassador.During the 1970s, he wrote a newspaper column, called "It Seems to Me", for a small, free publication called The Town and Traveler. Some paper copies are in his biographical file at the St. Augustine Historical Society. He also gave acting lectures at Flagler College in 1972–1973.
Death
Boone died at his home in St. Augustine, Florida, due to complications from throat cancer. His ashes were scattered in the Pacific Ocean off Hawaii.
Filmography
Film
TV
References
Bibliography
Rothel, David (2001). Richard Boone: A Knight Without Armor in a Savage Land. Madison, NC: Empire Publishing, ISBN 978-0944019368
External links
Richard Boone at IMDb
Richard Boone at AllMovie
Richard Boone at the Internet Broadway Database
Richard Boone at Virtual History
Remembering Richard Boone, the teacher, greensburgdailynews.com; accessed September 1, 2017.
|
genre
|
{
"answer_start": [
139
],
"text": [
"Western"
]
}
|
Richard Allen Boone (June 18, 1917 – January 10, 1981) was an American actor who starred in over 50 films and was notable for his roles in Westerns, including his starring role in the television series Have Gun – Will Travel.
Early life
Boone was born in Los Angeles, California, the middle child of Cecile (née Beckerman) and Kirk E. Boone, a corporate lawyer and fourth great-grandson of Squire Boone, frontiersman Daniel Boone's brother. His mother was Jewish, the daughter of immigrants from Russia.Richard Boone graduated from Hoover High School in Glendale, California. He attended Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, where he was a member of Theta Xi fraternity. He dropped out of Stanford prior to graduation and then worked as an oil rigger, bartender, painter, and writer. In 1941, Boone joined the United States Navy and served on three ships in the Pacific during World War II, seeing combat as an aviation ordnanceman, aircrewman, and tail gunner on Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo bombers, and ended his service with the rank of petty officer first class.
Acting career
Early training
In his youth, Boone had attended the San Diego Army and Navy Academy in Carlsbad, California, where he was introduced to theatre under the tutelage of Virginia Atkinson.After the war, Boone used the G.I. Bill to study acting at the Actors Studio in New York.
Broadway
"Serious" and "methodical", Boone debuted on the Broadway theatrical scene in 1947 with Medea, starring Judith Anderson and John Gielgud; it ran for 214 performances. He was then in a production of Macbeth (1948).
Boone appeared in a short-lived TV series based on the play The Front Page (1949–50), and on anthology series such as Actors Studio and Suspense.
He returned to Broadway in The Man (1950), directed by Martin Ritt, with Dorothy Gish; it ran for 92 performances.
Elia Kazan used Boone to feed lines to an actress for a film screen-test done for director Lewis Milestone. Milestone was not impressed with the actress, but he was impressed enough with Boone's voice to summon him to Hollywood, where he was given a seven-year contract with Fox.
20th Century Fox
In 1950, Boone made his screen debut as a Marine officer in Milestone's Halls of Montezuma (1951). Fox used him in military parts in Call Me Mister (1951) and The Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel (1951). He had bigger roles in Red Skies of Montana (1952), Return of the Texan (1952), Kangaroo (1952) (directed by Milestone), and Way of a Gaucho (1952).
Kazan directed him in Man on a Tightrope (1953) and he had good parts in Vicki (1953) and City of Bad Men (1953)
In 1953, he played Pontius Pilate in The Robe, the first Cinemascope film. He had only one scene in the film, in which he gives instructions to Richard Burton, who plays the centurion ordered to crucify Christ. Boone also appeared in the second Cinemascope film, Beneath the 12-Mile Reef (1953).Boone made two films for Panoramic, which distributed through Fox: The Siege at Red River (1954) and The Raid (1954). He then left the studio.
Medic
During the filming of Halls of Montezuma, he befriended Jack Webb, who was then producing and starring in Dragnet. Boone appeared in the film version of Dragnet (1954).
Webb was preparing a series about a doctor for NBC. From 1954–56, Boone became a familiar face in the lead role of that medical drama, titled Medic, and in 1955 received an Emmy nomination for Best Actor Starring in a Regular Series.
While on Medic, Boone continued to appear in films and guest-star on television shows. He was cast in Westerns such as Ten Wanted Men (1955) with Randolph Scott, Man Without a Star (1955) with Kirk Douglas, Robbers' Roost (1955) with George Montgomery, Battle Stations (1955) with John Lund, Star in the Dust (1956) with John Agar, and Away All Boats (1956) with Jeff Chandler.
He also guest-starred on General Electric Theater, Matinee Theatre (a production of Wuthering Heights where he played Heathcliff), Frontier, Lux Video Theatre, The Ford Television Theatre, Studio One in Hollywood, and Climax!.Boone had one of his best roles in The Tall T (1957) with Randolph Scott. He co-starred with Eleanor Parker in Lizzie (1957) and was a villain in The Garment Jungle (1957).
Have Gun – Will Travel
Boone's next television series, Have Gun – Will Travel, made him a national star because of his role as Paladin, the intelligent and sophisticated, but tough gun-for-hire in the late 19th-century American West. The show had first been offered to actor Randolph Scott, who turned it down and gave the script to Boone while they were making Ten Wanted Men. The show ran from 1957 to 1963, with Boone receiving more Emmy nominations in 1959 and 1960.
During the show's run, Boone starred in the film I Bury the Living (1958) and appeared on Broadway in 1959, starring as Abraham Lincoln in The Rivalry, which ran for 81 performances.He occasionally did other acting appearances such as episodes of Playhouse 90 and The United States Steel Hour and TV movie The Right Man (1960). He had a cameo as Sam Houston in The Alamo (1960), a starring role in A Thunder of Drums (1961) and narrated a TV version of John Brown's Body.Boone was an occasional guest panelist and also a mystery guest on What's My Line?, the Sunday-night CBS-TV quiz show. On that show, he talked with host John Charles Daly about their days working together on the TV show The Front Page.
The Richard Boone Show
Boone had his own television anthology, The Richard Boone Show. Although it aired only from 1963 to 1964, he received his fourth Emmy nomination for it in 1964 along with The Danny Kaye Show and The Dick Van Dyke Show. The Richard Boone Show won a Golden Globe for Best Show in 1964.
Hawaii
After the end of the run of his weekly show, Boone and his family moved to Honolulu, Hawaii.He returned to the mainland to appear in films such as Rio Conchos (1964), The War Lord (1965) with Charlton Heston, Hombre (1967) with Paul Newman, and an episode of Cimarron Strip. The latter was the first time he guest-starred on someone else's show and he did it as a favor for the director, friend Lamont Johnson. "It's harder and harder to do your best work on TV," he said.In 1965, he came in third in the Laurel Award for Rio Conchos in Best Action Performance; Sean Connery won first place with Goldfinger and Burt Lancaster won second place with The Train.While he was living on Oahu, Boone helped persuade Leonard Freeman to film Hawaii Five-O exclusively in Hawaii. Prior to that, Freeman had planned to do "establishing" location shots in Hawaii, but principal production in Southern California. Boone and others convinced Freeman that the islands could offer all necessary support for a major TV series and would provide an authenticity otherwise unobtainable.Freeman, impressed by Boone's love of Hawaii, offered him the role of Steve McGarrett; Boone turned it down, however, and the role went to Jack Lord, who shared Boone's enthusiasm for the state, which Freeman considered vital. Coincidentally, Lord had appeared alongside Boone in the first episode of Have Gun – Will Travel, titled "Three Bells to Perdido".At the time, Boone had shot a pilot for CBS called Kona Coast (1968), which he hoped CBS would adopt as a series ("I really don't want to do another series," he said "but I've been battling for three years to get production going in Hawaii and if a series will do it, I'll do it."), but the network went instead only with Hawaii Five-O. Kona Coast – which Boone co produced – was released theatrically.
Films
Boone then focused on films: The Night of the Following Day (1969) with Marlon Brando, The Arrangement (1969) with Douglas for Elia Kazan, The Kremlin Letter (1970) for John Huston, and Big Jake (1971) with John Wayne.Boone did some TV movies, In Broad Daylight (1971), Deadly Harvest (1972), and Goodnight, My Love (1972). Around this time he moved to Florida.
Hec Ramsey
In the early 1970s, Boone starred in the short-lived TV series Hec Ramsey, which Jack Webb produced for Mark VII Limited Productions, and which was about a turn-of-the-20th-century Western-style police detective who preferred to use his brain and criminal forensic skills instead of his gun. The character Ramsey's back story had him as a frontier lawman and gunman in his younger days. Older now, he was the deputy chief of police of a small city in Oklahoma, still a skilled shooter, and carrying a short-barreled Colt Single Action Army revolver. Boone said to an interviewer in 1972, "You know, Hec Ramsey is a lot like Paladin, only fatter." This quote was often misinterpreted to mean that Hec Ramsey was a sequel to Have Gun – Will Travel, when it actually was not.
Israel
Boone starred in the 1970 film Madron (1970), the first Israeli-produced film shot outside Israel, set in the American West of the 1800s. In that year, he accepted an invitation from Israel's Commerce Ministry to provide the Israeli film industry with "Hollywood know-how". In 1979, he received an award from Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin "for his contribution to Israeli cinema".
Final performances
He starred in The Great Niagara (1974) and Against a Crooked Sky (1975) and supported John Wayne a third time, in Wayne's final film, The Shootist (1976). In the mid-1970s, Boone returned to The Neighborhood Playhouse in New York City, where he had once studied acting, to teach.
Boone did God's Gun (1976) with Leif Garrett, Lee Van Cleef, and Jack Palance. He appeared in The Last Dinosaur (1977) and The Big Sleep (1978), and provided the character voice of the dragon Smaug in the 1977 animated film version of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Hobbit.Boone's last appearances were in Winter Kills (1979) and The Bushido Blade (1979).
Personal life
Boone was married three times: to Jane Hopper (1937–1940), Mimi Kelly (1949–1950), and Claire McAloon (from 1951 until his death). His son with McAloon, Peter Boone, worked as a child actor in several Have Gun – Will Travel episodes.In 1963, Boone was injured in a car accident.Boone moved to St. Augustine, Florida, from Hawaii in 1970 and worked with the annual local production of Cross and Sword, when he was not acting on television or in movies, until shortly before his death in 1981. In the last year of his life, Boone was appointed Florida's cultural ambassador.During the 1970s, he wrote a newspaper column, called "It Seems to Me", for a small, free publication called The Town and Traveler. Some paper copies are in his biographical file at the St. Augustine Historical Society. He also gave acting lectures at Flagler College in 1972–1973.
Death
Boone died at his home in St. Augustine, Florida, due to complications from throat cancer. His ashes were scattered in the Pacific Ocean off Hawaii.
Filmography
Film
TV
References
Bibliography
Rothel, David (2001). Richard Boone: A Knight Without Armor in a Savage Land. Madison, NC: Empire Publishing, ISBN 978-0944019368
External links
Richard Boone at IMDb
Richard Boone at AllMovie
Richard Boone at the Internet Broadway Database
Richard Boone at Virtual History
Remembering Richard Boone, the teacher, greensburgdailynews.com; accessed September 1, 2017.
|
military branch
|
{
"answer_start": [
820
],
"text": [
"United States Navy"
]
}
|
Richard Allen Boone (June 18, 1917 – January 10, 1981) was an American actor who starred in over 50 films and was notable for his roles in Westerns, including his starring role in the television series Have Gun – Will Travel.
Early life
Boone was born in Los Angeles, California, the middle child of Cecile (née Beckerman) and Kirk E. Boone, a corporate lawyer and fourth great-grandson of Squire Boone, frontiersman Daniel Boone's brother. His mother was Jewish, the daughter of immigrants from Russia.Richard Boone graduated from Hoover High School in Glendale, California. He attended Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, where he was a member of Theta Xi fraternity. He dropped out of Stanford prior to graduation and then worked as an oil rigger, bartender, painter, and writer. In 1941, Boone joined the United States Navy and served on three ships in the Pacific during World War II, seeing combat as an aviation ordnanceman, aircrewman, and tail gunner on Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo bombers, and ended his service with the rank of petty officer first class.
Acting career
Early training
In his youth, Boone had attended the San Diego Army and Navy Academy in Carlsbad, California, where he was introduced to theatre under the tutelage of Virginia Atkinson.After the war, Boone used the G.I. Bill to study acting at the Actors Studio in New York.
Broadway
"Serious" and "methodical", Boone debuted on the Broadway theatrical scene in 1947 with Medea, starring Judith Anderson and John Gielgud; it ran for 214 performances. He was then in a production of Macbeth (1948).
Boone appeared in a short-lived TV series based on the play The Front Page (1949–50), and on anthology series such as Actors Studio and Suspense.
He returned to Broadway in The Man (1950), directed by Martin Ritt, with Dorothy Gish; it ran for 92 performances.
Elia Kazan used Boone to feed lines to an actress for a film screen-test done for director Lewis Milestone. Milestone was not impressed with the actress, but he was impressed enough with Boone's voice to summon him to Hollywood, where he was given a seven-year contract with Fox.
20th Century Fox
In 1950, Boone made his screen debut as a Marine officer in Milestone's Halls of Montezuma (1951). Fox used him in military parts in Call Me Mister (1951) and The Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel (1951). He had bigger roles in Red Skies of Montana (1952), Return of the Texan (1952), Kangaroo (1952) (directed by Milestone), and Way of a Gaucho (1952).
Kazan directed him in Man on a Tightrope (1953) and he had good parts in Vicki (1953) and City of Bad Men (1953)
In 1953, he played Pontius Pilate in The Robe, the first Cinemascope film. He had only one scene in the film, in which he gives instructions to Richard Burton, who plays the centurion ordered to crucify Christ. Boone also appeared in the second Cinemascope film, Beneath the 12-Mile Reef (1953).Boone made two films for Panoramic, which distributed through Fox: The Siege at Red River (1954) and The Raid (1954). He then left the studio.
Medic
During the filming of Halls of Montezuma, he befriended Jack Webb, who was then producing and starring in Dragnet. Boone appeared in the film version of Dragnet (1954).
Webb was preparing a series about a doctor for NBC. From 1954–56, Boone became a familiar face in the lead role of that medical drama, titled Medic, and in 1955 received an Emmy nomination for Best Actor Starring in a Regular Series.
While on Medic, Boone continued to appear in films and guest-star on television shows. He was cast in Westerns such as Ten Wanted Men (1955) with Randolph Scott, Man Without a Star (1955) with Kirk Douglas, Robbers' Roost (1955) with George Montgomery, Battle Stations (1955) with John Lund, Star in the Dust (1956) with John Agar, and Away All Boats (1956) with Jeff Chandler.
He also guest-starred on General Electric Theater, Matinee Theatre (a production of Wuthering Heights where he played Heathcliff), Frontier, Lux Video Theatre, The Ford Television Theatre, Studio One in Hollywood, and Climax!.Boone had one of his best roles in The Tall T (1957) with Randolph Scott. He co-starred with Eleanor Parker in Lizzie (1957) and was a villain in The Garment Jungle (1957).
Have Gun – Will Travel
Boone's next television series, Have Gun – Will Travel, made him a national star because of his role as Paladin, the intelligent and sophisticated, but tough gun-for-hire in the late 19th-century American West. The show had first been offered to actor Randolph Scott, who turned it down and gave the script to Boone while they were making Ten Wanted Men. The show ran from 1957 to 1963, with Boone receiving more Emmy nominations in 1959 and 1960.
During the show's run, Boone starred in the film I Bury the Living (1958) and appeared on Broadway in 1959, starring as Abraham Lincoln in The Rivalry, which ran for 81 performances.He occasionally did other acting appearances such as episodes of Playhouse 90 and The United States Steel Hour and TV movie The Right Man (1960). He had a cameo as Sam Houston in The Alamo (1960), a starring role in A Thunder of Drums (1961) and narrated a TV version of John Brown's Body.Boone was an occasional guest panelist and also a mystery guest on What's My Line?, the Sunday-night CBS-TV quiz show. On that show, he talked with host John Charles Daly about their days working together on the TV show The Front Page.
The Richard Boone Show
Boone had his own television anthology, The Richard Boone Show. Although it aired only from 1963 to 1964, he received his fourth Emmy nomination for it in 1964 along with The Danny Kaye Show and The Dick Van Dyke Show. The Richard Boone Show won a Golden Globe for Best Show in 1964.
Hawaii
After the end of the run of his weekly show, Boone and his family moved to Honolulu, Hawaii.He returned to the mainland to appear in films such as Rio Conchos (1964), The War Lord (1965) with Charlton Heston, Hombre (1967) with Paul Newman, and an episode of Cimarron Strip. The latter was the first time he guest-starred on someone else's show and he did it as a favor for the director, friend Lamont Johnson. "It's harder and harder to do your best work on TV," he said.In 1965, he came in third in the Laurel Award for Rio Conchos in Best Action Performance; Sean Connery won first place with Goldfinger and Burt Lancaster won second place with The Train.While he was living on Oahu, Boone helped persuade Leonard Freeman to film Hawaii Five-O exclusively in Hawaii. Prior to that, Freeman had planned to do "establishing" location shots in Hawaii, but principal production in Southern California. Boone and others convinced Freeman that the islands could offer all necessary support for a major TV series and would provide an authenticity otherwise unobtainable.Freeman, impressed by Boone's love of Hawaii, offered him the role of Steve McGarrett; Boone turned it down, however, and the role went to Jack Lord, who shared Boone's enthusiasm for the state, which Freeman considered vital. Coincidentally, Lord had appeared alongside Boone in the first episode of Have Gun – Will Travel, titled "Three Bells to Perdido".At the time, Boone had shot a pilot for CBS called Kona Coast (1968), which he hoped CBS would adopt as a series ("I really don't want to do another series," he said "but I've been battling for three years to get production going in Hawaii and if a series will do it, I'll do it."), but the network went instead only with Hawaii Five-O. Kona Coast – which Boone co produced – was released theatrically.
Films
Boone then focused on films: The Night of the Following Day (1969) with Marlon Brando, The Arrangement (1969) with Douglas for Elia Kazan, The Kremlin Letter (1970) for John Huston, and Big Jake (1971) with John Wayne.Boone did some TV movies, In Broad Daylight (1971), Deadly Harvest (1972), and Goodnight, My Love (1972). Around this time he moved to Florida.
Hec Ramsey
In the early 1970s, Boone starred in the short-lived TV series Hec Ramsey, which Jack Webb produced for Mark VII Limited Productions, and which was about a turn-of-the-20th-century Western-style police detective who preferred to use his brain and criminal forensic skills instead of his gun. The character Ramsey's back story had him as a frontier lawman and gunman in his younger days. Older now, he was the deputy chief of police of a small city in Oklahoma, still a skilled shooter, and carrying a short-barreled Colt Single Action Army revolver. Boone said to an interviewer in 1972, "You know, Hec Ramsey is a lot like Paladin, only fatter." This quote was often misinterpreted to mean that Hec Ramsey was a sequel to Have Gun – Will Travel, when it actually was not.
Israel
Boone starred in the 1970 film Madron (1970), the first Israeli-produced film shot outside Israel, set in the American West of the 1800s. In that year, he accepted an invitation from Israel's Commerce Ministry to provide the Israeli film industry with "Hollywood know-how". In 1979, he received an award from Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin "for his contribution to Israeli cinema".
Final performances
He starred in The Great Niagara (1974) and Against a Crooked Sky (1975) and supported John Wayne a third time, in Wayne's final film, The Shootist (1976). In the mid-1970s, Boone returned to The Neighborhood Playhouse in New York City, where he had once studied acting, to teach.
Boone did God's Gun (1976) with Leif Garrett, Lee Van Cleef, and Jack Palance. He appeared in The Last Dinosaur (1977) and The Big Sleep (1978), and provided the character voice of the dragon Smaug in the 1977 animated film version of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Hobbit.Boone's last appearances were in Winter Kills (1979) and The Bushido Blade (1979).
Personal life
Boone was married three times: to Jane Hopper (1937–1940), Mimi Kelly (1949–1950), and Claire McAloon (from 1951 until his death). His son with McAloon, Peter Boone, worked as a child actor in several Have Gun – Will Travel episodes.In 1963, Boone was injured in a car accident.Boone moved to St. Augustine, Florida, from Hawaii in 1970 and worked with the annual local production of Cross and Sword, when he was not acting on television or in movies, until shortly before his death in 1981. In the last year of his life, Boone was appointed Florida's cultural ambassador.During the 1970s, he wrote a newspaper column, called "It Seems to Me", for a small, free publication called The Town and Traveler. Some paper copies are in his biographical file at the St. Augustine Historical Society. He also gave acting lectures at Flagler College in 1972–1973.
Death
Boone died at his home in St. Augustine, Florida, due to complications from throat cancer. His ashes were scattered in the Pacific Ocean off Hawaii.
Filmography
Film
TV
References
Bibliography
Rothel, David (2001). Richard Boone: A Knight Without Armor in a Savage Land. Madison, NC: Empire Publishing, ISBN 978-0944019368
External links
Richard Boone at IMDb
Richard Boone at AllMovie
Richard Boone at the Internet Broadway Database
Richard Boone at Virtual History
Remembering Richard Boone, the teacher, greensburgdailynews.com; accessed September 1, 2017.
|
Commons category
|
{
"answer_start": [
504
],
"text": [
"Richard Boone"
]
}
|
Richard Allen Boone (June 18, 1917 – January 10, 1981) was an American actor who starred in over 50 films and was notable for his roles in Westerns, including his starring role in the television series Have Gun – Will Travel.
Early life
Boone was born in Los Angeles, California, the middle child of Cecile (née Beckerman) and Kirk E. Boone, a corporate lawyer and fourth great-grandson of Squire Boone, frontiersman Daniel Boone's brother. His mother was Jewish, the daughter of immigrants from Russia.Richard Boone graduated from Hoover High School in Glendale, California. He attended Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, where he was a member of Theta Xi fraternity. He dropped out of Stanford prior to graduation and then worked as an oil rigger, bartender, painter, and writer. In 1941, Boone joined the United States Navy and served on three ships in the Pacific during World War II, seeing combat as an aviation ordnanceman, aircrewman, and tail gunner on Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo bombers, and ended his service with the rank of petty officer first class.
Acting career
Early training
In his youth, Boone had attended the San Diego Army and Navy Academy in Carlsbad, California, where he was introduced to theatre under the tutelage of Virginia Atkinson.After the war, Boone used the G.I. Bill to study acting at the Actors Studio in New York.
Broadway
"Serious" and "methodical", Boone debuted on the Broadway theatrical scene in 1947 with Medea, starring Judith Anderson and John Gielgud; it ran for 214 performances. He was then in a production of Macbeth (1948).
Boone appeared in a short-lived TV series based on the play The Front Page (1949–50), and on anthology series such as Actors Studio and Suspense.
He returned to Broadway in The Man (1950), directed by Martin Ritt, with Dorothy Gish; it ran for 92 performances.
Elia Kazan used Boone to feed lines to an actress for a film screen-test done for director Lewis Milestone. Milestone was not impressed with the actress, but he was impressed enough with Boone's voice to summon him to Hollywood, where he was given a seven-year contract with Fox.
20th Century Fox
In 1950, Boone made his screen debut as a Marine officer in Milestone's Halls of Montezuma (1951). Fox used him in military parts in Call Me Mister (1951) and The Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel (1951). He had bigger roles in Red Skies of Montana (1952), Return of the Texan (1952), Kangaroo (1952) (directed by Milestone), and Way of a Gaucho (1952).
Kazan directed him in Man on a Tightrope (1953) and he had good parts in Vicki (1953) and City of Bad Men (1953)
In 1953, he played Pontius Pilate in The Robe, the first Cinemascope film. He had only one scene in the film, in which he gives instructions to Richard Burton, who plays the centurion ordered to crucify Christ. Boone also appeared in the second Cinemascope film, Beneath the 12-Mile Reef (1953).Boone made two films for Panoramic, which distributed through Fox: The Siege at Red River (1954) and The Raid (1954). He then left the studio.
Medic
During the filming of Halls of Montezuma, he befriended Jack Webb, who was then producing and starring in Dragnet. Boone appeared in the film version of Dragnet (1954).
Webb was preparing a series about a doctor for NBC. From 1954–56, Boone became a familiar face in the lead role of that medical drama, titled Medic, and in 1955 received an Emmy nomination for Best Actor Starring in a Regular Series.
While on Medic, Boone continued to appear in films and guest-star on television shows. He was cast in Westerns such as Ten Wanted Men (1955) with Randolph Scott, Man Without a Star (1955) with Kirk Douglas, Robbers' Roost (1955) with George Montgomery, Battle Stations (1955) with John Lund, Star in the Dust (1956) with John Agar, and Away All Boats (1956) with Jeff Chandler.
He also guest-starred on General Electric Theater, Matinee Theatre (a production of Wuthering Heights where he played Heathcliff), Frontier, Lux Video Theatre, The Ford Television Theatre, Studio One in Hollywood, and Climax!.Boone had one of his best roles in The Tall T (1957) with Randolph Scott. He co-starred with Eleanor Parker in Lizzie (1957) and was a villain in The Garment Jungle (1957).
Have Gun – Will Travel
Boone's next television series, Have Gun – Will Travel, made him a national star because of his role as Paladin, the intelligent and sophisticated, but tough gun-for-hire in the late 19th-century American West. The show had first been offered to actor Randolph Scott, who turned it down and gave the script to Boone while they were making Ten Wanted Men. The show ran from 1957 to 1963, with Boone receiving more Emmy nominations in 1959 and 1960.
During the show's run, Boone starred in the film I Bury the Living (1958) and appeared on Broadway in 1959, starring as Abraham Lincoln in The Rivalry, which ran for 81 performances.He occasionally did other acting appearances such as episodes of Playhouse 90 and The United States Steel Hour and TV movie The Right Man (1960). He had a cameo as Sam Houston in The Alamo (1960), a starring role in A Thunder of Drums (1961) and narrated a TV version of John Brown's Body.Boone was an occasional guest panelist and also a mystery guest on What's My Line?, the Sunday-night CBS-TV quiz show. On that show, he talked with host John Charles Daly about their days working together on the TV show The Front Page.
The Richard Boone Show
Boone had his own television anthology, The Richard Boone Show. Although it aired only from 1963 to 1964, he received his fourth Emmy nomination for it in 1964 along with The Danny Kaye Show and The Dick Van Dyke Show. The Richard Boone Show won a Golden Globe for Best Show in 1964.
Hawaii
After the end of the run of his weekly show, Boone and his family moved to Honolulu, Hawaii.He returned to the mainland to appear in films such as Rio Conchos (1964), The War Lord (1965) with Charlton Heston, Hombre (1967) with Paul Newman, and an episode of Cimarron Strip. The latter was the first time he guest-starred on someone else's show and he did it as a favor for the director, friend Lamont Johnson. "It's harder and harder to do your best work on TV," he said.In 1965, he came in third in the Laurel Award for Rio Conchos in Best Action Performance; Sean Connery won first place with Goldfinger and Burt Lancaster won second place with The Train.While he was living on Oahu, Boone helped persuade Leonard Freeman to film Hawaii Five-O exclusively in Hawaii. Prior to that, Freeman had planned to do "establishing" location shots in Hawaii, but principal production in Southern California. Boone and others convinced Freeman that the islands could offer all necessary support for a major TV series and would provide an authenticity otherwise unobtainable.Freeman, impressed by Boone's love of Hawaii, offered him the role of Steve McGarrett; Boone turned it down, however, and the role went to Jack Lord, who shared Boone's enthusiasm for the state, which Freeman considered vital. Coincidentally, Lord had appeared alongside Boone in the first episode of Have Gun – Will Travel, titled "Three Bells to Perdido".At the time, Boone had shot a pilot for CBS called Kona Coast (1968), which he hoped CBS would adopt as a series ("I really don't want to do another series," he said "but I've been battling for three years to get production going in Hawaii and if a series will do it, I'll do it."), but the network went instead only with Hawaii Five-O. Kona Coast – which Boone co produced – was released theatrically.
Films
Boone then focused on films: The Night of the Following Day (1969) with Marlon Brando, The Arrangement (1969) with Douglas for Elia Kazan, The Kremlin Letter (1970) for John Huston, and Big Jake (1971) with John Wayne.Boone did some TV movies, In Broad Daylight (1971), Deadly Harvest (1972), and Goodnight, My Love (1972). Around this time he moved to Florida.
Hec Ramsey
In the early 1970s, Boone starred in the short-lived TV series Hec Ramsey, which Jack Webb produced for Mark VII Limited Productions, and which was about a turn-of-the-20th-century Western-style police detective who preferred to use his brain and criminal forensic skills instead of his gun. The character Ramsey's back story had him as a frontier lawman and gunman in his younger days. Older now, he was the deputy chief of police of a small city in Oklahoma, still a skilled shooter, and carrying a short-barreled Colt Single Action Army revolver. Boone said to an interviewer in 1972, "You know, Hec Ramsey is a lot like Paladin, only fatter." This quote was often misinterpreted to mean that Hec Ramsey was a sequel to Have Gun – Will Travel, when it actually was not.
Israel
Boone starred in the 1970 film Madron (1970), the first Israeli-produced film shot outside Israel, set in the American West of the 1800s. In that year, he accepted an invitation from Israel's Commerce Ministry to provide the Israeli film industry with "Hollywood know-how". In 1979, he received an award from Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin "for his contribution to Israeli cinema".
Final performances
He starred in The Great Niagara (1974) and Against a Crooked Sky (1975) and supported John Wayne a third time, in Wayne's final film, The Shootist (1976). In the mid-1970s, Boone returned to The Neighborhood Playhouse in New York City, where he had once studied acting, to teach.
Boone did God's Gun (1976) with Leif Garrett, Lee Van Cleef, and Jack Palance. He appeared in The Last Dinosaur (1977) and The Big Sleep (1978), and provided the character voice of the dragon Smaug in the 1977 animated film version of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Hobbit.Boone's last appearances were in Winter Kills (1979) and The Bushido Blade (1979).
Personal life
Boone was married three times: to Jane Hopper (1937–1940), Mimi Kelly (1949–1950), and Claire McAloon (from 1951 until his death). His son with McAloon, Peter Boone, worked as a child actor in several Have Gun – Will Travel episodes.In 1963, Boone was injured in a car accident.Boone moved to St. Augustine, Florida, from Hawaii in 1970 and worked with the annual local production of Cross and Sword, when he was not acting on television or in movies, until shortly before his death in 1981. In the last year of his life, Boone was appointed Florida's cultural ambassador.During the 1970s, he wrote a newspaper column, called "It Seems to Me", for a small, free publication called The Town and Traveler. Some paper copies are in his biographical file at the St. Augustine Historical Society. He also gave acting lectures at Flagler College in 1972–1973.
Death
Boone died at his home in St. Augustine, Florida, due to complications from throat cancer. His ashes were scattered in the Pacific Ocean off Hawaii.
Filmography
Film
TV
References
Bibliography
Rothel, David (2001). Richard Boone: A Knight Without Armor in a Savage Land. Madison, NC: Empire Publishing, ISBN 978-0944019368
External links
Richard Boone at IMDb
Richard Boone at AllMovie
Richard Boone at the Internet Broadway Database
Richard Boone at Virtual History
Remembering Richard Boone, the teacher, greensburgdailynews.com; accessed September 1, 2017.
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