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rtshell rtshell is a command-line tool which provides following services: Referring RTCs' states
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Connecting RTCs' ports Configuring RTCs Activate/deactivate/reset RTCs Restore the RT-system
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Log output of DataPorts Replay the log of the DataPorts
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RTC debugger RTC debugger is a debugging tool for RTCs. RTC debugger is an Eclipse plug-in.
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License OpenRTM-aist is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL). See also
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Robot Open-source robotics Middleware
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New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
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National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Object Management Group
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Japan Robot Association
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References External links RT middleware project (in Japanese) Robotics suites
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The Barbarian Invasions () is a 2003 Canadian-French sex comedy-drama film written and directed by
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Denys Arcand and starring Rémy Girard, Stéphane Rousseau and Marie-Josée Croze. The film is a
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sequel to Arcand's 1986 film The Decline of the American Empire, continuing the story of the
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character Rémy, a womanizing history professor now terminally ill with cancer.
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The sequel was a result of Arcand's longtime desire to make a film about a character close to
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death, also incorporating a response to the September 11 attacks of 2001. It was produced by
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companies from both Canada and France, and shot mainly in Montreal, also employing a former
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hospital and property near Lake Memphremagog.
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The film received a positive response from critics and became one of Arcand's biggest financial
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successes. It was the first Canadian film to win the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film,
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at the 76th Academy Awards in 2004. It won awards at the 2003 Cannes Film Festival, six Genie
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Awards, including Best Motion Picture, and three César Awards, including Best Film. The Barbarian
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Invasions was followed by the thematically related Days of Darkness in 2007 and The Fall of the
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American Empire in 2018.
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Plot
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Seventeen years after the events of The Decline of the American Empire, Sébastien is enjoying a
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successful career in quantitative finance in London when he receives a call from his mother,
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Louise, that his father and Louise's ex-husband Rémy is terminally ill with cancer. Sébastien is
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not enthused about seeing Rémy, whom he blames for breaking up the family with his many adulteries.
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Rémy and his friends of the older generation are still largely social-democrats and proponents of
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Quebec nationalism, positions seeming somewhat anachronistic long after the Quiet Revolution of the
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1960s. Rémy does not like Sébastien's career, lack of reading or fondness for video games.
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The father and son travel to the U.S. state of Vermont to briefly receive medical care before
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returning to the overcrowded and disorganized Quebec hospital. Sébastien attempts to bribe hospital
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administration for better care, and calls Rémy's old friends about a possible visit. Upon hearing
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heroin is "800%" more effective than morphine, he tracks some down for Rémy from a drug addict,
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Nathalie.
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Meanwhile, Rémy is reunited with his friends, including Pierre, Dominique, Claude and Diane,
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Nathalie's mother, and they share a conversation on their old sex drive and the gradual decline of
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their vitality. Diane is concerned for Nathalie, while Rémy, a history professor, lectures the
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hospital chaplain Constance on the relative peace of the 20th century compared to past centuries.
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At the same time, another scholar describes the September 11 attacks as historically small except
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as a possible beginning of modern barbarian invasions. After Rémy and his friends retreat to the
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countryside, they speak of their devotion to constantly evolving -isms. Rémy dies in the company of
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his friends and Sébastien, after a heroin injection from Nathalie, whom Rémy calls his guardian
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angel.
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Cast Production Development
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Denys Arcand, who wrote and directed the successful French Canadian film The Decline of the
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American Empire (1986), developed the idea of returning to the characters years later due to a
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fascination with death and an idea of having a character who is expecting to die. Part of his
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interest in the subject matter related to both of his parents dying of cancer. He had tried to
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write screenplays about non-Decline characters going to die for 20 years prior to The Barbarian
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Invasions, originally pitching the idea to the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation but having
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difficulty with the subject matter being overly sentimental. He finally decided to try the story
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with characters from The Decline of the American Empire because of his fondness for its cast
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members. There are also characters from Arcand's 1989 film Jesus of Montreal in the film.
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The September 11 attacks of 2001 occurred when Arcand was nearly finished his screenplay, and gave
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new impetus to Arcand's ideas of "the decline of the American Empire." Arcand believed the attack
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represented the first of what would be many foreign attacks on the U.S. Arcand also referred to
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himself as "post-isms", and incorporated this discussion into the film.
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Another statement he tried to make with his film was that heroin could be legalized for terminally
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ill patients in Canada, claiming it already is in England. Author Susan C. Boyd wrote that, despite
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what the film portrays, heroin has been legal in Canadian palliative care since 1984. To research
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how his character would find heroin, Arcand contacted the Royal Canadian Mounted Police and met
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with them in an interrogation room, resembling the one in the final film. He claimed the RCMP gave
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him the cellphone number of a Montreal detective, and when he called it, he heard shouting from a
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police raid on the Hells Angels, which resulted in the arrest of Maurice Boucher.
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The film was produced by both Canadian and French companies, including Telefilm Canada, Société
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Radio-Canada and Canal+. The budget was $6 million.
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Casting
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The cast members from the previous film, including Dorothee Berryman, Louise Portal, Dominique
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Michel, Pierre Curzi and Yves Jacques, were easy to secure for the sequel. New to the cast was
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Marie-Josée Croze, who was selected by Arcand after starring in the Canadian films Maelstrom (2000)
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and Ararat (2002). She found Arcand allowed her freedom in how she interpreted her role. In The
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Decline of the American Empire, Croze's character Nathalie is played by child actress Ariane
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Frédérique.
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Stéphane Rousseau, better known in Quebec as a stand-up comedian than an actor, was cast as
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Sébastien, after Dominique Michel urged Arcand to allow Rousseau to audition. Arcand explained he
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felt Rousseau had the "authority" the other actors who auditioned did not, though Rousseau was
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surprised to get the part as he felt his character was colder and more of an intellectual than he
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was. Rousseau's mother had died of cancer when he was a child, and he had fought with his father,
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later incorporating that experience into his performance.
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Filming
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The film was shot over 50 days, beginning in September 2002 and finishing in November. The bulk of
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the film was shot in Montreal, with some scenes filmed in London. Footage from the World Trade
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Center attack shot by a Quebec architect and acquired by Radio-Canada was also used.
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For the hospital scenes, the cast and crew employed Lachine General Hospital, an unused former
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hospital in Lachine, Quebec. Cinematographer Guy Dufaux found these scenes difficult to make
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interesting and realistic at the same time, and decided on more lighting for later scenes when the
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film's mood brightens, while using fluorescent fixtures and reflecting the former hospital's green
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painting to shoot the early scenes. As with the first film, scenes were filmed near Lake
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Memphremagog. Most of the film was shot using a Steadicam.
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Release
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News that Arcand was working on a sequel to his 1986 film was received with a skeptical and
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negative response from critics. The film was screened at the 2003 Cannes Film Festival in May,
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where it received a 22-minute standing ovation, with distribution to 30 countries assured by the
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time Arcand received his Best Screenplay award. It was afterwards selected to open the gala at the
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2003 Toronto International Film Festival in September, and also opened the Vancouver International
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Film Festival that month. The film began playing in Quebec theatres in May and ran for months, with
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its Canadian distributor being Alliance Films. It opened across Canada on 21 November.