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Year 1
The Context by Francesco Rosi
Cousin, cousine by Jean-Charles Tacchella
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Dersu Uzala by Akira Kurosawa
The Devil's Playground by Fred Schepisi
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84_143
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L'eau chaude l'eau frette by André Forcier
Grey Gardens by Albert Maysles and David Maysles
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84_144
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Harlan County, USA by Barbara Kopple
Kings of the Road by Wim Wenders
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84_145
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Beckett on Film
Act Without Words 1 by Karel Reisz
Catastrophe by David Mamet
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84_146
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Endgame by Conor McPherson
Happy Days by Patricia Rozema
Krapp's Last Tape by Atom Egoyan
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84_147
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Not I by Neil Jordan
Play by Anthony Minghella
Rockaby by Sir Richard Eyre
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84_148
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Rough For Theatre 1 by Kieron J. Walsh
What Where by Damien O'Donnell
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84_149
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Preludes
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84_150
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Preludes was a special one-off program of ten short films by Canadian film directors, commissioned
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by TIFF to celebrate its 25th anniversary. The Preludes films were also subsequently screened on
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the web separately from their screenings at TIFF, on a platform funded by Bell Canada.
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84_153
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Camera by David Cronenberg
The Line by Atom Egoyan
Congratulations by Mike Jones
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84_154
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See You in Toronto by Jean Pierre Lefebvre
The Heart of the World by Guy Maddin
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84_155
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A Word from the Management by Don McKellar
24fps by Jeremy Podeswa
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84_156
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This Might Be Good by Patricia Rozema
Prelude by Michael Snow
Legs Apart by Anne Wheeler
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84_157
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Spotlight: Robert Beavers
Amor by Robert Beavers
From the Notebook of... by Robert Beavers
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84_158
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The Painting by Robert Beavers
Ruskin by Robert Beavers
Sotiros by Robert Beavers
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84_159
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The Stoas by Robert Beavers
Wingseed by Robert Beavers
Work Done by Robert Beavers
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84_160
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Canadian Open Vault
Tit-Coq by Gratien Gélinas and René Delacroix
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84_161
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Midnight Madness
6ixtynin9 by Pen-ek Ratanaruang
The American Nightmare by Adam Simon
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84_162
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The City of Lost Souls by Miike Takashi
The Foul King by Kim Jeewoon
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84_163
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The Irrefutable Truth about Demons by Glenn Standring
The Mission by Johnnie To Kei-Fung
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84_164
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Quartered at Dawn by Norbert Keil
Tell Me Something by Chang Youn hyun
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84_165
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Time and Tide by Tsui Hark
Wild Zero by Tetsuro Takeuchi
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References
External links
Official site
2000 Toronto International Film Festival at IMDb
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2000 film festivals
2000
2000 in Toronto
2000 in Canadian cinema
2000 festivals in North America
|
85_0
|
OpenRTM-aist is a software platform developed on the basis of the RT middleware standard.
|
85_1
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OpenRTM-aist is developed by National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology which
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85_2
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also contributes to definition of the RT-middleware standard.
|
85_3
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Abstract
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85_4
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In RT middleware, all robotic technological elements, such as actuators and sensors, are regarded
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85_5
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as RT-components (RTC). Each RTC provides ports to communicate with other RTCs, and developers can
|
85_6
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implement their own robotics technology (RT) systems as RTCs. The RT-middleware can thus be
|
85_7
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considered as a distributed control architecture.
|
85_8
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RT-middleware is originally a platform independent model (PIM). Implementations of this model
|
85_9
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include CORBA, Enterprise JavaBean (EJB), and .NET Framework. OpenRTM-aist is based on the CORBA
|
85_10
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technology and implements the extended RTC specification. Experiences with OpenRTM-aist will be fed
|
85_11
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back to the RT-middleware standardization process.
|
85_12
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Characteristics
|
85_13
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OpenRTM-aist implements some extended RTC features, and it also includes a Manager component to
|
85_14
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help manipulating RTCs. RTCs in OpenRTM-aist can be implemented using many programming languages,
|
85_15
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and RTCs programmed in different languages can communicate with each other. A lot of tools to ease
|
85_16
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RTC manipulations are also released by the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and
|
85_17
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Technology and their co-workers (in a strict sense, OpenRTM-aist itself is a library and does not
|
85_18
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include these tools).
|
85_19
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RT-component
|
85_20
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The RT-component is a functional unit which conforms to the RT-component specification defined by
|
85_21
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OMG. In OpenRTM-aist, RTCs have data ports, service ports, and execution context which controls the
|
85_22
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RTC's state.
|
85_23
|
State Machine
|
85_24
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In standards of RT-component, RTC must have 4 states such as CREATED, INACTIVE, ACTIVE, and ERROR.
|
85_25
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When the state changes, corresponding event-handlers are called by the execution context which
|
85_26
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manages the RTCs' state machine.
|
85_27
|
For example, "on_activated" callback function is called when the RTC is activated (from INACTIVE to
|
85_28
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ACTIVE state). In on_activated callback, initialization codes are implemented.
|
85_29
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On the other hand, "on_deactivated" callback function is called when the RTC is deactivated (from
|
85_30
|
ACTIVE to INACTIVE state). In this callback, finalization codes are implemented.
|
85_31
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"on_execute" is periodically called when the RTC is in ACTIVE state. Here, controlling or some
|
85_32
|
device management (ex., polling) functions are called.
|
85_33
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These callbacks are called by the "execution context" object. If the special execution context is
|
85_34
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attached to the RTCs, calling method or policy is modified (see execution context section).
|
85_35
|
Data port
|
85_36
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A data port is an endpoint to communicate with other RTCs. The data ports have their types. Ports
|
85_37
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with the same type can be connected to each other.
|
85_38
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In OpenRTM-aist, primitive data types (like "TimedLong", "TimedDouble", and so on) are implemented.
|
85_39
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Moreover, from OpenRTM-aist version 1.0, extra data types which are expected to be used commonly in
|
85_40
|
robotic systems were released as ExtendedDataType (like "TimedVelocity2D", "TimedPose2D", and so
|
85_41
|
on)
|
85_42
|
Developers can define their own data types by describing IDL file. Tools can parse the IDL file and
|
85_43
|
automatically generate the skeleton and stub file of the original data types.
|
85_44
|
Service port
|
85_45
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The service port allows communicating much more flexibly than the data ports. Developers should
|
85_46
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define service port interfaces by making their IDL files.
|
85_47
|
Execution contexts
|
85_48
|
Execution contexts handle the state-machine operations of RT-components. In OpenRTM-aist, several
|
85_49
|
kinds of execution contexts are provided. For example:
|
85_50
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the periodic execution context, one of the most commonly used, provides periodic calls of the
|
85_51
|
"on_execute" event-handler (sensor acquisition or actuator control are usually implemented there);
|
85_52
|
the real-time execution context, which uses Linux's pre-emptive kernel function, supports
|
85_53
|
real-time operation of the RTC;
|
85_54
|
the extra trigger execution context is an important characteristic of OpenRTM-aist. It provides
|
85_55
|
the synchronization capability with dynamics simulators like OpenHRP-3.
|
85_56
|
Configuration
|
85_57
|
Configuration is a function which dynamically changes the parameters of the RTCs during run-time.
|
85_58
|
Configuration can be numeric and string.
|
85_59
|
Supported operating systems
|
85_60
|
OpenRTM-aist runs on Windows, Linux and macOS. Furthermore, VxWorks is supported experimentally.
|
85_61
|
Supported programming languages
|
85_62
|
Since OpenRTM-aist is based on the CORBA technology, it supports several programming languages,
|
85_63
|
including:
|
85_64
|
C++
Java
Python
Erlang (unofficial)
|
85_65
|
Tools
RTC Builder
|
85_66
|
RTC Builder is a tool for skeleton-code generation. It is launched in the eclipse developmental
|
85_67
|
environment. OpenRTM-aist also supports RTC-template which is a command-line type skeleton-code
|
85_68
|
generation tool.
|
85_69
|
RT System Editor
|
85_70
|
RT System Editor is a tool for handling RTCs. RT system editor provides following services:
|
85_71
|
Referring RTCs' states
Connecting RTCs' ports
Configuring RTCs
Activate/deactivate/reset RTCs
|
85_72
|
Save/restore the RT-system
|
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