manu/mldr-zoomed-100char-total-queries-documents

chunk_id stringlengths 3 9	chunk stringlengths 1 100
65_17	Bugyō (Commissions or Departments). As part of the Hyōjōsho, the Rōjū sometimes served a role
65_18	similar to that of a supreme court, deciding succession disputes and other such disputed matters of
65_19	state.
65_20	Under the reign of Tokugawa Tsunayoshi (1680–1709) the Rōjū lost nearly all their power, as the
65_21	Shogun began to work more closely with the Tairō, Chamberlains, and others, including Yanagisawa
65_22	Yoshiyasu, who held the power of a Tairō, but not the title. The Rōjū became little more than
65_23	messengers, going through the motions of their proper roles as intermediaries between the Shogun
65_24	and other offices, but not being able to exercise any power to change or decide policy. As Arai
65_25	Hakuseki, a major Confucian poet and politician of the time wrote, "All the Rōjū did was to pass on
65_26	his [Yoshiyasu's] instructions" (Sansom 141). Even after Tsunayoshi's death, the Rōjū did not
65_27	regain their former power. They continued to exist, however, as a government post and a council
65_28	with, officially if not in fact, all the powers and responsibilities they originally held, through
65_29	the Edo period.
65_30	List of Rōjū
65_31	Each office-holder is listed once. Some may have served under multiple shōguns, and as a result of
65_32	multiple terms, the list may not fully accurate reflect the order in which the office was held. For
65_33	example, Hotta Masayoshi served in 1857–58 after Abe Masahiro (1843–57), but also served earlier,
65_34	and is listed earlier; he is not also listed after Abe.
65_35	Under Tokugawa Ieyasu Ōkubo Tadachika (大久保忠隣)(1593–1614) Ōkubo Nagayasu (大久保長安)(1600–1613)
65_36	Honda Masanobu (本多正信)(1600–1615) Naruse Masanari (成瀬正成)(1600–1616) Andō Naotsugu (安藤直次)(1600–1616)
65_37	Honda Masazumi (本多正純)(1600–1622) Naitō Kiyonari (内藤清成)(1601–1606) Aoyama Tadanari (青山忠成)(1601–1606)
65_38	Under Tokugawa Hidetada Aoyama Narishige (青山成重)(1608–1613) Sakai Tadatoshi (酒井忠利)(1609–1627)
65_39	Sakai Tadayo (酒井忠世)(1610–1634) Doi Toshikatsu (土井利勝)(1610–1638) Andō Shigenobu (安藤重信)(1611–1621)
65_40	Naitō Kiyotsugu (内藤清次)(1616–1617) Aoyama Tadatoshi (青山忠俊)(1616–1623)
65_41	Inoue Masanari (井上正就)(1617–1628) Nagai Naomasa (永井尚政)(1622–1633)
65_42	Under Tokugawa Iemitsu Abe Masatsugu (阿部正次)(1623–1626) Inaba Masakatsu (稲葉正勝)(1623–1634)
65_43	Naitō Tadashige (内藤忠重)(1623–1633) Sakai Tadakatsu (酒井忠勝)(1624–1638)
65_44	Morikawa Shigetoshi (森川重俊)(1628–1632) Aoyama Yukinari (青山幸成)(1628–1633)
65_45	Matsudaira Nobutsuna (松平信綱)(1632–1662) Abe Tadaaki (阿部忠秋)(1633–1666)
65_46	Hotta Masamori (堀田正盛)(1635–1651) Abe Shigetsugu (阿部重次)(1638–1651)
65_47	Matsudaira Norinaga (松平乗寿)(1642–1654)
65_48	Under Tokugawa Ietsuna Sakai Tadakiyo (酒井忠清)(1653–1666) Inaba Masanori (稲葉正則)(1657–1681)
65_49	Kuze Hiroyuki (久世広之)(1663–1679) Itakura Shigenori (板倉重矩)(1665–1668, 1670–1673)
65_50	Tsuchiya Kazunao (土屋数直)(1665–1679) Abe Masayoshi (阿部正能)(1673–1676)
65_51	Ōkubo Tadatomo (大久保忠朝)(1677–1698) Hotta Masatoshi (堀田正俊)(1679–1681) Doi Toshifusa (土井利房)(1679–1681)
65_52	Itakura Shigetane (板倉重種)(1680–1681)
65_53	Under Tokugawa Tsunayoshi Toda Tadamasa (戸田忠昌)(1681–1699) Abe Masatake (阿部正武)(1681–1704)
65_54	Matsudaira Nobuyuki (松平信之)(1685–1686) Tsuchiya Masanao (土屋政直)(1687–1718)
65_55	Ogasawara Nagashige (小笠原長重)(1697–1705, 1709–1710) Akimoto Takatomo (秋元喬知)(1699–1707)
65_56	Inaba Masamichi (稲葉正往)(1701–1707) Honda Masanaga (本多正永)(1704–1711)
65_57	Ōkubo Tadamasu (大久保忠増)(1705–1713) Inoue Masamine (井上正岑)(1705–1722)
65_58	Under Tokugawa Ienobu and Ietsugu Abe Masataka (阿部正喬)(1711–1717) Kuze Shigeyuki (久世重之)(1713–1720)
65_59	Matsudaira Nobutsune (松平信庸)(1714–1716) Toda Tadazane (戸田忠真)(1714–1729)
65_60	Under Tokugawa Yoshimune Mizuno Tadayuki (水野忠之)(1717–1730) Andō Nobutomo (安藤信友)(1722–1732)
65_61	Matsudaira Norisato (松平乗邑)(1723–1745) Matsudaira Tadachika (松平忠周)(1724–1728)
65_62	Ōkubo Tsuneharu (大久保常春)(1728) Sakai Tadaoto (酒井忠音)(1728–1735) Matsudaira Nobutoki (松平信祝)(1730–1744)
65_63	Matsudaira Terusada (松平輝貞)(1730–1745) Kuroda Naokuni (黒田直邦)(1732–1735)
65_64	Honda Tadanaga (本多忠良)(1734–1746). Toki Yoritoshi (土岐頼稔)(1742–1744) Sakai Tadazumi (酒井忠恭)(1744–1749)
65_65	Matsudaira Norikata (松平乗賢)(1745–1746) Hotta Masasuke (堀田正亮)(1745–1761)
65_66	Under Tokugawa Ieshige Nishio Tadanao (西尾忠尚)(1746–1760) Honda Masayoshi (本多正珍)(1746–1758)
65_67	Matsudaira Takechika (松平武元)(1746–1779) Sakai Tadayori (酒井忠寄)(1749–1764)
65_68	Matsudaira Terutaka (松平輝高)(1758–1781) Inoue Masatsune (井上正経)(1760–1763)
65_69	Akimoto Sumitomo (秋元凉朝)(1747–1764, 1765–1767)
65_70	Under Tokugawa Ieharu Matsudaira Yasutoshi (松平康福)(1762–1788) Abe Masasuke (阿部正右)(1764–1769)
65_71	Itakura Katsukiyo (板倉勝清)(1769–1780) Tanuma Okitsugu (田沼意次)(1769–1786) Abe Masachika (阿部正允)(1780)
65_72	Kuze Hiroakira (久世広明)(1781–1785) Mizuno Tadatomo (水野忠友)(1781–1788, 1796–1802)
65_73	Torii Tadaoki (鳥居忠意)(1781–1793) Makino Sadanaga (牧野貞長)(1784–1790)
65_74	Under Tokugawa Ienari Abe Masatomo (阿部正倫)(1787–1788) Matsudaira Sadanobu (松平定信)(1787–1793)
65_75	Matsudaira Nobuakira (松平信明)(1788–1803, 1806–1817) Matsudaira Norisada (松平乗完)(1789–1793)
65_76	Honda Tadakazu (本多忠籌)(1790–1798) Toda Ujinori (戸田氏教)(1790–1806) Ōta Sukeyoshi (太田資愛)(1793–1801)
65_77	Andō Nobunari (安藤信成)(1793–1810) Makino Tadakiyo (牧野忠精)(1801–1816, 1828–1831)
65_78	Doi Toshiatsu (土井利厚)(1802–1822) Aoyama Tadahiro (青山忠裕)(1804–1835)
65_79	Matsudaira Noriyasu (松平乗保)(1810–1826) Sakai Tadayuki (酒井忠進)(1815–1828)
65_80	Mizuno Tadanari (水野忠成)(1817–1834) Abe Masakiyo (阿部正精)(1817–1823) Ōkubo Tadazane (大久保忠真)(1818–1837)
65_81	Matsudaira Norihiro (松平乗寛)(1822–1839) Matsudaira Terunobu (松平輝延)(1823–1825)
65_82	Uemura Ienaga (植村家長)(1825–1828) Matsudaira Yasutō (松平康任)(1826–1835)
65_83	Mizuno Tadakuni (水野忠邦)(1828–1843, 1844–1845) Matsudaira Muneakira (松平宗発)(1831–1840)
65_84	Ōta Sukemoto (太田資始)(1834–1841, 1858–1859, 1863) Wakisaka Yasutada (脇坂安董)(1836–1841)
65_85	Matsudaira Nobuyori (松平信順)(1837) Hotta Masayoshi (堀田正睦)(1837–1843, 1855–1858)
65_86	Under Tokugawa Ieyoshi Doi Toshitsura (土井利位)(1838–1844) Inoue Masaharu (井上正春)(1840–1843)
65_87	Manabe Akikatsu (間部詮勝)(1840–1843, 1858–1859) Sanada Yukitsura (真田幸貫)(1841–1844)
65_88	Hori Chikashige (堀親寚)(1843–1845) Toda Tadaharu (戸田忠温)(1843–1851) Makino Tadamasa (牧野忠雅)(1843–1857)
65_89	Abe Masahiro (阿部正弘)(1843–1857) Aoyama Tadanaga (青山忠良)(1844–1848)
65_90	Matsudaira Noriyasu (松平乗全)(1845–1855, 1858–1860) Matsudaira Tadakata (松平忠優)(1848–1855, 1857–1858)
65_91	Kuze Hirochika (久世広周)(1851–1858, 1860–1862) Naitō Nobuchika (内藤信親)(1851–1862)
65_92	Under Tokugawa Iesada Wakisaka Yasuori (脇坂安宅)(1857–1860, 1862)
65_93	Under Tokugawa Iemochi and Yoshinobu Andō Nobumasa (安藤信正)(1860–1862)
65_94	Honda Tadamoto (本多忠民)(1860–1862, 1864–1865) Matsudaira Nobuyoshi (松平信義)(1860–1863)
65_95	Ogasawara Nagamichi (小笠原長行)(1862–1863, 1865, 1866–1868)
65_96	Itakura Katsukiyo (板倉勝静)(1862–1864, 1865–1868) Inoue Masanao (井上正直)(1862–1864)
65_97	Mizuno Tadakiyo (水野忠精)(1862–1866) Sakai Tadashige (酒井忠績)(1863–1864)
65_98	Arima Michizumi (有馬道純)(1863–1864) Makino Tadayuki (牧野忠恭)(1863–1865)
65_99	Matsumae Takahiro (松前崇広)(1864–1865) Abe Masato (阿部正外)(1864–1865) Suwa Tadamasa (諏訪忠誠)(1864–1865)
65_100	Inaba Masakuni (稲葉正邦)(1864–1865, 1866–1868) Matsudaira Munehide (松平宗秀)(1864–1866)
65_101	Inoue Masanao (井上正直)(1865–1867) Matsudaira Yasuhide (松平康英)(1865–1868) Mizuno Tadanobu (水野忠誠)(1866)
65_102	Matsudaira Norikata (松平乗謨)(1866–1868) Inaba Masami (稲葉正巳)(1866–1868)
65_103	Matsudaira Sadaaki (松平定昭)(1867) Ōkōchi Masatada (大河内正質)(1867–1868) Sakai Tadatō (酒井忠惇)(1867–1868)
65_104	Tachibana Taneyuki (立花種恭)(1868)
65_105	Notes
65_106	References The list of rōjū is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia article.
65_107	Sansom, George Bailey. (1963). A History of Japan: 1615–1867. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
65_108	Screech, Timon. (2006). Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779–1822.
65_109	London: RoutledgeCurzon.
65_110	Officials of the Tokugawa shogunate Japanese historical terms
66_0	Queenston is a compact rural community and unincorporated place north of Niagara Falls in the Town
66_1	of Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario, Canada. It is bordered by Highway 405 to the south and the Niagara
66_2	River to the east; its location at the eponymous Queenston Heights on the Niagara Escarpment led to
66_3	the establishment of the Queenston Quarry in the area. Across the river and the Canada–US border is
66_4	the village of Lewiston, New York. The Lewiston-Queenston Bridge links the two communities.
66_5	This village is at the point where the Niagara River began eroding the Niagara Escarpment. During

65_17

Bugyō (Commissions or Departments). As part of the Hyōjōsho, the Rōjū sometimes served a role

65_18

similar to that of a supreme court, deciding succession disputes and other such disputed matters of

65_19

state.

65_20

Under the reign of Tokugawa Tsunayoshi (1680–1709) the Rōjū lost nearly all their power, as the

65_21

Shogun began to work more closely with the Tairō, Chamberlains, and others, including Yanagisawa

65_22

Yoshiyasu, who held the power of a Tairō, but not the title. The Rōjū became little more than

65_23

messengers, going through the motions of their proper roles as intermediaries between the Shogun

65_24

and other offices, but not being able to exercise any power to change or decide policy. As Arai

65_25

Hakuseki, a major Confucian poet and politician of the time wrote, "All the Rōjū did was to pass on

65_26

his [Yoshiyasu's] instructions" (Sansom 141). Even after Tsunayoshi's death, the Rōjū did not

65_27

regain their former power. They continued to exist, however, as a government post and a council

65_28

with, officially if not in fact, all the powers and responsibilities they originally held, through

65_29

the Edo period.

65_30

List of Rōjū

65_31

Each office-holder is listed once. Some may have served under multiple shōguns, and as a result of

65_32

multiple terms, the list may not fully accurate reflect the order in which the office was held. For

65_33

example, Hotta Masayoshi served in 1857–58 after Abe Masahiro (1843–57), but also served earlier,

65_34

and is listed earlier; he is not also listed after Abe.

65_35

Under Tokugawa Ieyasu Ōkubo Tadachika (大久保忠隣)(1593–1614) Ōkubo Nagayasu (大久保長安)(1600–1613)

65_36

Honda Masanobu (本多正信)(1600–1615) Naruse Masanari (成瀬正成)(1600–1616) Andō Naotsugu (安藤直次)(1600–1616)

65_37

Honda Masazumi (本多正純)(1600–1622) Naitō Kiyonari (内藤清成)(1601–1606) Aoyama Tadanari (青山忠成)(1601–1606)

65_38

Under Tokugawa Hidetada Aoyama Narishige (青山成重)(1608–1613) Sakai Tadatoshi (酒井忠利)(1609–1627)

65_39

Sakai Tadayo (酒井忠世)(1610–1634) Doi Toshikatsu (土井利勝)(1610–1638) Andō Shigenobu (安藤重信)(1611–1621)

65_40

Naitō Kiyotsugu (内藤清次)(1616–1617) Aoyama Tadatoshi (青山忠俊)(1616–1623)

65_41

Inoue Masanari (井上正就)(1617–1628) Nagai Naomasa (永井尚政)(1622–1633)

65_42

Under Tokugawa Iemitsu Abe Masatsugu (阿部正次)(1623–1626) Inaba Masakatsu (稲葉正勝)(1623–1634)

65_43

Naitō Tadashige (内藤忠重)(1623–1633) Sakai Tadakatsu (酒井忠勝)(1624–1638)

65_44

Morikawa Shigetoshi (森川重俊)(1628–1632) Aoyama Yukinari (青山幸成)(1628–1633)

65_45

Matsudaira Nobutsuna (松平信綱)(1632–1662) Abe Tadaaki (阿部忠秋)(1633–1666)

65_46

Hotta Masamori (堀田正盛)(1635–1651) Abe Shigetsugu (阿部重次)(1638–1651)

65_47

Matsudaira Norinaga (松平乗寿)(1642–1654)

65_48

Under Tokugawa Ietsuna Sakai Tadakiyo (酒井忠清)(1653–1666) Inaba Masanori (稲葉正則)(1657–1681)

65_49

Kuze Hiroyuki (久世広之)(1663–1679) Itakura Shigenori (板倉重矩)(1665–1668, 1670–1673)

65_50

Tsuchiya Kazunao (土屋数直)(1665–1679) Abe Masayoshi (阿部正能)(1673–1676)

65_51

Ōkubo Tadatomo (大久保忠朝)(1677–1698) Hotta Masatoshi (堀田正俊)(1679–1681) Doi Toshifusa (土井利房)(1679–1681)

65_52

Itakura Shigetane (板倉重種)(1680–1681)

65_53

Under Tokugawa Tsunayoshi Toda Tadamasa (戸田忠昌)(1681–1699) Abe Masatake (阿部正武)(1681–1704)

65_54

Matsudaira Nobuyuki (松平信之)(1685–1686) Tsuchiya Masanao (土屋政直)(1687–1718)

65_55

Ogasawara Nagashige (小笠原長重)(1697–1705, 1709–1710) Akimoto Takatomo (秋元喬知)(1699–1707)

65_56

Inaba Masamichi (稲葉正往)(1701–1707) Honda Masanaga (本多正永)(1704–1711)

65_57

Ōkubo Tadamasu (大久保忠増)(1705–1713) Inoue Masamine (井上正岑)(1705–1722)

65_58

Under Tokugawa Ienobu and Ietsugu Abe Masataka (阿部正喬)(1711–1717) Kuze Shigeyuki (久世重之)(1713–1720)

65_59

Matsudaira Nobutsune (松平信庸)(1714–1716) Toda Tadazane (戸田忠真)(1714–1729)

65_60

Under Tokugawa Yoshimune Mizuno Tadayuki (水野忠之)(1717–1730) Andō Nobutomo (安藤信友)(1722–1732)

65_61

Matsudaira Norisato (松平乗邑)(1723–1745) Matsudaira Tadachika (松平忠周)(1724–1728)

65_62

Ōkubo Tsuneharu (大久保常春)(1728) Sakai Tadaoto (酒井忠音)(1728–1735) Matsudaira Nobutoki (松平信祝)(1730–1744)

65_63

Matsudaira Terusada (松平輝貞)(1730–1745) Kuroda Naokuni (黒田直邦)(1732–1735)

65_64

Honda Tadanaga (本多忠良)(1734–1746). Toki Yoritoshi (土岐頼稔)(1742–1744) Sakai Tadazumi (酒井忠恭)(1744–1749)

65_65

Matsudaira Norikata (松平乗賢)(1745–1746) Hotta Masasuke (堀田正亮)(1745–1761)

65_66

Under Tokugawa Ieshige Nishio Tadanao (西尾忠尚)(1746–1760) Honda Masayoshi (本多正珍)(1746–1758)

65_67

Matsudaira Takechika (松平武元)(1746–1779) Sakai Tadayori (酒井忠寄)(1749–1764)

65_68

Matsudaira Terutaka (松平輝高)(1758–1781) Inoue Masatsune (井上正経)(1760–1763)

65_69

Akimoto Sumitomo (秋元凉朝)(1747–1764, 1765–1767)

65_70

Under Tokugawa Ieharu Matsudaira Yasutoshi (松平康福)(1762–1788) Abe Masasuke (阿部正右)(1764–1769)

65_71

Itakura Katsukiyo (板倉勝清)(1769–1780) Tanuma Okitsugu (田沼意次)(1769–1786) Abe Masachika (阿部正允)(1780)

65_72

Kuze Hiroakira (久世広明)(1781–1785) Mizuno Tadatomo (水野忠友)(1781–1788, 1796–1802)

65_73

Torii Tadaoki (鳥居忠意)(1781–1793) Makino Sadanaga (牧野貞長)(1784–1790)

65_74

Under Tokugawa Ienari Abe Masatomo (阿部正倫)(1787–1788) Matsudaira Sadanobu (松平定信)(1787–1793)

65_75

Matsudaira Nobuakira (松平信明)(1788–1803, 1806–1817) Matsudaira Norisada (松平乗完)(1789–1793)

65_76

Honda Tadakazu (本多忠籌)(1790–1798) Toda Ujinori (戸田氏教)(1790–1806) Ōta Sukeyoshi (太田資愛)(1793–1801)

65_77

Andō Nobunari (安藤信成)(1793–1810) Makino Tadakiyo (牧野忠精)(1801–1816, 1828–1831)

65_78

Doi Toshiatsu (土井利厚)(1802–1822) Aoyama Tadahiro (青山忠裕)(1804–1835)

65_79

Matsudaira Noriyasu (松平乗保)(1810–1826) Sakai Tadayuki (酒井忠進)(1815–1828)

65_80

Mizuno Tadanari (水野忠成)(1817–1834) Abe Masakiyo (阿部正精)(1817–1823) Ōkubo Tadazane (大久保忠真)(1818–1837)

65_81

Matsudaira Norihiro (松平乗寛)(1822–1839) Matsudaira Terunobu (松平輝延)(1823–1825)

65_82

Uemura Ienaga (植村家長)(1825–1828) Matsudaira Yasutō (松平康任)(1826–1835)

65_83

Mizuno Tadakuni (水野忠邦)(1828–1843, 1844–1845) Matsudaira Muneakira (松平宗発)(1831–1840)

65_84

Ōta Sukemoto (太田資始)(1834–1841, 1858–1859, 1863) Wakisaka Yasutada (脇坂安董)(1836–1841)

65_85

Matsudaira Nobuyori (松平信順)(1837) Hotta Masayoshi (堀田正睦)(1837–1843, 1855–1858)

65_86

Under Tokugawa Ieyoshi Doi Toshitsura (土井利位)(1838–1844) Inoue Masaharu (井上正春)(1840–1843)

65_87

Manabe Akikatsu (間部詮勝)(1840–1843, 1858–1859) Sanada Yukitsura (真田幸貫)(1841–1844)

65_88

Hori Chikashige (堀親寚)(1843–1845) Toda Tadaharu (戸田忠温)(1843–1851) Makino Tadamasa (牧野忠雅)(1843–1857)

65_89

Abe Masahiro (阿部正弘)(1843–1857) Aoyama Tadanaga (青山忠良)(1844–1848)

65_90

Matsudaira Noriyasu (松平乗全)(1845–1855, 1858–1860) Matsudaira Tadakata (松平忠優)(1848–1855, 1857–1858)

65_91

Kuze Hirochika (久世広周)(1851–1858, 1860–1862) Naitō Nobuchika (内藤信親)(1851–1862)

65_92

Under Tokugawa Iesada Wakisaka Yasuori (脇坂安宅)(1857–1860, 1862)

65_93

Under Tokugawa Iemochi and Yoshinobu Andō Nobumasa (安藤信正)(1860–1862)

65_94

Honda Tadamoto (本多忠民)(1860–1862, 1864–1865) Matsudaira Nobuyoshi (松平信義)(1860–1863)

65_95

Ogasawara Nagamichi (小笠原長行)(1862–1863, 1865, 1866–1868)

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Itakura Katsukiyo (板倉勝静)(1862–1864, 1865–1868) Inoue Masanao (井上正直)(1862–1864)

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Mizuno Tadakiyo (水野忠精)(1862–1866) Sakai Tadashige (酒井忠績)(1863–1864)

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Arima Michizumi (有馬道純)(1863–1864) Makino Tadayuki (牧野忠恭)(1863–1865)

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Matsumae Takahiro (松前崇広)(1864–1865) Abe Masato (阿部正外)(1864–1865) Suwa Tadamasa (諏訪忠誠)(1864–1865)

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Inaba Masakuni (稲葉正邦)(1864–1865, 1866–1868) Matsudaira Munehide (松平宗秀)(1864–1866)

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Inoue Masanao (井上正直)(1865–1867) Matsudaira Yasuhide (松平康英)(1865–1868) Mizuno Tadanobu (水野忠誠)(1866)

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Matsudaira Norikata (松平乗謨)(1866–1868) Inaba Masami (稲葉正巳)(1866–1868)

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Matsudaira Sadaaki (松平定昭)(1867) Ōkōchi Masatada (大河内正質)(1867–1868) Sakai Tadatō (酒井忠惇)(1867–1868)

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Tachibana Taneyuki (立花種恭)(1868)

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Notes

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References The list of rōjū is taken from the Japanese Wikipedia article.

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Sansom, George Bailey. (1963). A History of Japan: 1615–1867. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

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Screech, Timon. (2006). Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779–1822.

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London: RoutledgeCurzon.

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Officials of the Tokugawa shogunate Japanese historical terms

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Queenston is a compact rural community and unincorporated place north of Niagara Falls in the Town

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of Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario, Canada. It is bordered by Highway 405 to the south and the Niagara

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River to the east; its location at the eponymous Queenston Heights on the Niagara Escarpment led to

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the establishment of the Queenston Quarry in the area. Across the river and the Canada–US border is

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the village of Lewiston, New York. The Lewiston-Queenston Bridge links the two communities.

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This village is at the point where the Niagara River began eroding the Niagara Escarpment. During