id
int64 0
7k
| premises
stringlengths 118
4.1k
| paragraph
stringlengths 111
4.06k
| conclusion
stringlengths 15
240
| question
stringlengths 14
249
| label
stringclasses 3
values | arg
stringlengths 54
2.02k
| statements
stringlengths 51
1.12k
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int64 1
7
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4,785 |
["Should it be the case that the claim that if the statement that 'some polecats have senses' is incorrect, then otters are mammals is false, it follows that the claim that free security is related at various points to the development of the American economy does not correspond with reality.", 'It is not true that salted salmon is, however, fish.', "When the statement that 'if the claim that if the statement that 'some polecats have senses' is incorrect, then otters are mammals is false, then free security is related at various points to the development of the American economy' is incorrect is true, it follows that bread contains fiber.", "Assuming the statement that 'if the claim that if the statement that 'some polecats have senses' is incorrect, then otters are mammals is false, then free security is related at various points to the development of the American economy' is incorrect, we know that it is not true that bread contains fiber.", 'Provided that sliders are hamburgers, we know that either salted salmon is, however, fish or those that suggest otters are mammals are wrong.', 'The idea that sliders are hamburgers is true.']
|
Should it be the case that the claim that if the statement that 'some polecats have senses' is incorrect, then otters are mammals is false, it follows that the claim that free security is related at various points to the development of the American economy does not correspond with reality. It is not true that salted salmon is, however, fish. When the statement that 'if the claim that if the statement that 'some polecats have senses' is incorrect, then otters are mammals is false, then free security is related at various points to the development of the American economy' is incorrect is true, it follows that bread contains fiber. Assuming the statement that 'if the claim that if the statement that 'some polecats have senses' is incorrect, then otters are mammals is false, then free security is related at various points to the development of the American economy' is incorrect, we know that it is not true that bread contains fiber. Provided that sliders are hamburgers, we know that either salted salmon is, however, fish or those that suggest otters are mammals are wrong. The idea that sliders are hamburgers is true.
|
The claim that some polecats have senses holds true.
|
It is not true that some polecats have senses.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [2].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2].).), then [5].
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2].).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
Not [3].
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (Either [3] or (Not [1].).).
[4]
Therefore, Either [3] or (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Some polecats have senses.', 1: 'Otters are mammals.', 2: 'Free security is related at various points to the development of the American economy.', 3: 'Salted salmon is, however, fish.', 4: 'Sliders are hamburgers.', 5: 'Bread contains fiber.'}
| 5 |
4,873 |
["The notion that 'string is cord' is untrue.", 'Should it be the case that balloons allow payloads tobe lifted without the vibrations and G-forces associated with rockets, it follows that if handles are part of ladles, then the claim that most weeds produce a large number of seeds is false.', "Whenever it is true that coats have layers, 'if handles are part of ladles, then the claim that most weeds produce a large number of seeds is false' is true.", 'Either water has a number of characteristics which make it an excellent extinguishing agent or localization is the process of adapting a program for use in a specific locale.', 'Given that water has a number of characteristics which make it an excellent extinguishing agent, it can be inferred that either string is cord or if handles are part of ladles, then most weeds produce a large number of seeds.', 'When localization is the process of adapting a program for use in a specific locale is true, it follows that either string is cord or if handles are part of ladles, then most weeds produce a large number of seeds.', 'Should it be the case that some monosaccharides are modified by cellular enzymes to enhance or change their cellular function, it follows that either balloons allow payloads tobe lifted without the vibrations and G-forces associated with rockets or coats have layers.', "The statement 'some monosaccharides are modified by cellular enzymes to enhance or change their cellular function' can be considered true."]
|
The notion that 'string is cord' is untrue. Should it be the case that balloons allow payloads tobe lifted without the vibrations and G-forces associated with rockets, it follows that if handles are part of ladles, then the claim that most weeds produce a large number of seeds is false. Whenever it is true that coats have layers, 'if handles are part of ladles, then the claim that most weeds produce a large number of seeds is false' is true. Either water has a number of characteristics which make it an excellent extinguishing agent or localization is the process of adapting a program for use in a specific locale. Given that water has a number of characteristics which make it an excellent extinguishing agent, it can be inferred that either string is cord or if handles are part of ladles, then most weeds produce a large number of seeds. When localization is the process of adapting a program for use in a specific locale is true, it follows that either string is cord or if handles are part of ladles, then most weeds produce a large number of seeds. Should it be the case that some monosaccharides are modified by cellular enzymes to enhance or change their cellular function, it follows that either balloons allow payloads tobe lifted without the vibrations and G-forces associated with rockets or coats have layers. The statement 'some monosaccharides are modified by cellular enzymes to enhance or change their cellular function' can be considered true.
|
The statement that 'handles are part of ladles' is incorrect.
|
The statement that 'handles are part of ladles' is incorrect.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
If [0], then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If [0], then [1].). [SC1-2]
Not [4].
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (Either [4] or (If [0], then [1].).).
If [7], then (Either [4] or (If [0], then [1].).).
Therefore, Either [4] or (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).).
If [3], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If [0], then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (Either [2] or [3].).
[5]
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
|
{0: 'Handles are part of ladles.', 1: 'Most weeds produce a large number of seeds.', 2: 'Balloons allow payloads tobe lifted without the vibrations and G-forces associated with rockets.', 3: 'Coats have layers.', 4: 'String is cord.', 5: 'Some monosaccharides are modified by cellular enzymes to enhance or change their cellular function.', 6: 'Water has a number of characteristics which make it an excellent extinguishing agent.', 7: 'Localization is the process of adapting a program for use in a specific locale.'}
| 5 |
4,065 |
["Whenever it is true that it is not true that either duplication is sometimes a matter of office politics or fissures cause pain and bleeding during or shortly after a bowel movement, 'hummingbirds visit the flowers and the feeders in summer and fall' is true.", 'Assuming it is not true that either duplication is sometimes a matter of office politics or fissures cause pain and bleeding during or shortly after a bowel movement, we know that the claim that hummingbirds visit the flowers and the feeders in summer and fall does not correspond with reality.', "So long as microwaves use less electricity than conventional cooking because they cook faster at lower wattage, 'if duplication is sometimes a matter of office politics, then counters are used for stores' is true.", "The statement 'microwaves use less electricity than conventional cooking because they cook faster at lower wattage' can be considered true.", "Given that the notion that 'if fissures cause pain and bleeding during or shortly after a bowel movement, then counters are used for stores' is untrue, it can be inferred that the claim that brown bears grow from six and a half to nine feet long does not correspond with reality.", "Provided that the statement, if the notion that 'if fissures cause pain and bleeding during or shortly after a bowel movement, then counters are used for stores' is untrue, then brown bears grow from six and a half to nine feet long, does not hold, we know that uncontrolled plants can become invasive in a small amount of time.", "Whenever it is true that the statement, if the notion that 'if fissures cause pain and bleeding during or shortly after a bowel movement, then counters are used for stores' is untrue, then brown bears grow from six and a half to nine feet long, does not hold, 'the statement that 'uncontrolled plants can become invasive in a small amount of time' is incorrect' is true."]
|
Whenever it is true that it is not true that either duplication is sometimes a matter of office politics or fissures cause pain and bleeding during or shortly after a bowel movement, 'hummingbirds visit the flowers and the feeders in summer and fall' is true. Assuming it is not true that either duplication is sometimes a matter of office politics or fissures cause pain and bleeding during or shortly after a bowel movement, we know that the claim that hummingbirds visit the flowers and the feeders in summer and fall does not correspond with reality. So long as microwaves use less electricity than conventional cooking because they cook faster at lower wattage, 'if duplication is sometimes a matter of office politics, then counters are used for stores' is true. The statement 'microwaves use less electricity than conventional cooking because they cook faster at lower wattage' can be considered true. Given that the notion that 'if fissures cause pain and bleeding during or shortly after a bowel movement, then counters are used for stores' is untrue, it can be inferred that the claim that brown bears grow from six and a half to nine feet long does not correspond with reality. Provided that the statement, if the notion that 'if fissures cause pain and bleeding during or shortly after a bowel movement, then counters are used for stores' is untrue, then brown bears grow from six and a half to nine feet long, does not hold, we know that uncontrolled plants can become invasive in a small amount of time. Whenever it is true that the statement, if the notion that 'if fissures cause pain and bleeding during or shortly after a bowel movement, then counters are used for stores' is untrue, then brown bears grow from six and a half to nine feet long, does not hold, 'the statement that 'uncontrolled plants can become invasive in a small amount of time' is incorrect' is true.
|
It is a simple truth that counters are used for stores.
|
It is a simple truth that counters are used for stores.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [2], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then [3].
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then (Not [3].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (If [1], then [0].).
[5]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC3-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then [4]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, If [2], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then [4].).), then [6].
If (Not (If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then [4].).), then (Not [6].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then [4]..
|
{0: 'Counters are used for stores.', 1: 'Duplication is sometimes a matter of office politics.', 2: 'Fissures cause pain and bleeding during or shortly after a bowel movement.', 3: 'Hummingbirds visit the flowers and the feeders in summer and fall.', 4: 'Brown bears grow from six and a half to nine feet long.', 5: 'Microwaves use less electricity than conventional cooking because they cook faster at lower wattage.', 6: 'Uncontrolled plants can become invasive in a small amount of time.'}
| 5 |
4,902 |
['Should it be the case that snow has (part) flakes, it follows that correlation essentially represents how much a stock or fund is like another fund.', 'When correlation essentially represents how much a stock or fund is like another fund is true, it follows that a sale is a marketing.', "Either most salamanders emerge from eggs or if a sale is a marketing, then molding is a painter's or wallpaperer's best friend, covering any ceiling-level mishaps.", 'It is rational to believe that either plants capture only one thousandth of the sunlight that falls on the Earth or liabilities are funds obtained from creditors.', 'Should it be the case that liabilities are funds obtained from creditors, it follows that the claim that most salamanders emerge from eggs has no merit.', "On the condition that the notion that 'if plants capture only one thousandth of the sunlight that falls on the Earth, then the claim that most salamanders emerge from eggs has no merit' is untrue, it is definitely the case that some imbalances cause depressions.", "One may reasonably assume that if the notion that 'if plants capture only one thousandth of the sunlight that falls on the Earth, then the claim that most salamanders emerge from eggs has no merit' is untrue, then it is not the case that some imbalances cause depressions."]
|
Should it be the case that snow has (part) flakes, it follows that correlation essentially represents how much a stock or fund is like another fund. When correlation essentially represents how much a stock or fund is like another fund is true, it follows that a sale is a marketing. Either most salamanders emerge from eggs or if a sale is a marketing, then molding is a painter's or wallpaperer's best friend, covering any ceiling-level mishaps. It is rational to believe that either plants capture only one thousandth of the sunlight that falls on the Earth or liabilities are funds obtained from creditors. Should it be the case that liabilities are funds obtained from creditors, it follows that the claim that most salamanders emerge from eggs has no merit. On the condition that the notion that 'if plants capture only one thousandth of the sunlight that falls on the Earth, then the claim that most salamanders emerge from eggs has no merit' is untrue, it is definitely the case that some imbalances cause depressions. One may reasonably assume that if the notion that 'if plants capture only one thousandth of the sunlight that falls on the Earth, then the claim that most salamanders emerge from eggs has no merit' is untrue, then it is not the case that some imbalances cause depressions.
|
Once we know snow has (part) flakes, we also know that molding is a painter's or wallpaperer's best friend, covering any ceiling-level mishaps.
|
The claim that if snow has (part) flakes, then molding is a painter's or wallpaperer's best friend, covering any ceiling-level mishaps does not reflect reality.
|
FALSE
|
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [2]. [SC1-1]
If [2], then [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [3].
If [3], then [2].
Therefore, If [0], then [2]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If [2], then [1].).
Not [4]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [2], then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (Not [4].). [SC2-3]
If [6], then (Not [4].).
Therefore, Not [4]..
[SC2-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [5], then (Not [4].).).), then [7].
If (Not (If [5], then (Not [4].).).), then (Not [7].).
Therefore, If [5], then (Not [4].)..
|
{0: 'Snow has (part) flakes.', 1: "Molding is a painter's or wallpaperer's best friend, covering any ceiling-level mishaps.", 2: 'A sale is a marketing.', 3: 'Correlation essentially represents how much a stock or fund is like another fund.', 4: 'Most salamanders emerge from eggs.', 5: 'Plants capture only one thousandth of the sunlight that falls on the Earth.', 6: 'Liabilities are funds obtained from creditors.', 7: 'Some imbalances cause depressions.'}
| 5 |
4,317 |
['It is not true that doctors prescribe diets.', 'At least one of two things is true: most many insects have annual migration, or if toilets have doors which are designed to give individuals privacy, then domestic abuse crosses all economic, class, racial, and ethnic lines.', 'One may reasonably assume that if most many insects have annual migration, then if it is not true that if some markhors graze on grass, then doctors prescribe diets, then produce is located in supermarkets.', "Whenever it is true that if toilets have doors which are designed to give individuals privacy, then domestic abuse crosses all economic, class, racial, and ethnic lines, 'if it is not true that if some markhors graze on grass, then doctors prescribe diets, then produce is located in supermarkets' is true.", 'Either one or both of these statements are true: some baobabs have effects, or it is not the case that produce is located in supermarkets.', 'Assuming some baobabs have effects, we know that some materials are produced by wood decay fungi.', 'Should it be the case that some baobabs have effects, it follows that the claim that some materials are produced by wood decay fungi does not reflect reality.']
|
It is not true that doctors prescribe diets. At least one of two things is true: most many insects have annual migration, or if toilets have doors which are designed to give individuals privacy, then domestic abuse crosses all economic, class, racial, and ethnic lines. One may reasonably assume that if most many insects have annual migration, then if it is not true that if some markhors graze on grass, then doctors prescribe diets, then produce is located in supermarkets. Whenever it is true that if toilets have doors which are designed to give individuals privacy, then domestic abuse crosses all economic, class, racial, and ethnic lines, 'if it is not true that if some markhors graze on grass, then doctors prescribe diets, then produce is located in supermarkets' is true. Either one or both of these statements are true: some baobabs have effects, or it is not the case that produce is located in supermarkets. Assuming some baobabs have effects, we know that some materials are produced by wood decay fungi. Should it be the case that some baobabs have effects, it follows that the claim that some materials are produced by wood decay fungi does not reflect reality.
|
The statement that 'some markhors graze on grass' is incorrect.
|
The statement that 'some markhors graze on grass' is incorrect.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2]. [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or (If [4], then [5].).
If [3], then (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2].).
If (If [4], then [5].), then (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (Not [2].).
Not [6]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC2-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [6], then [7].
If [6], then (Not [7].).
Therefore, Not [6]..
|
{0: 'Some markhors graze on grass.', 1: 'Doctors prescribe diets.', 2: 'Produce is located in supermarkets.', 3: 'Most many insects have annual migration.', 4: 'Toilets have doors which are designed to give individuals privacy.', 5: 'Domestic abuse crosses all economic, class, racial, and ethnic lines.', 6: 'Some baobabs have effects.', 7: 'Some materials are produced by wood decay fungi.'}
| 5 |
4,636 |
['Provided that urine cadmium estimates cadmium body burden, we know that proletarian socialism is based on machine technique and the social labour of the working class.', "Whenever it is true that temperature is also a factor in chemical weathering, 'cones are sensitive to the amount of light entering the eye' is true.", "Provided that the notion that 'if proletarian socialism is based on machine technique and the social labour of the working class, then temperature is also a factor in chemical weathering' is untrue, we know that some marrow is part of fawns.", "On the condition that the notion that 'if proletarian socialism is based on machine technique and the social labour of the working class, then temperature is also a factor in chemical weathering' is untrue, it is definitely the case that we know that the claim that some marrow is part of fawns is false.", 'On the condition that cones are sensitive to the amount of light entering the eye, it is definitely the case that interactive media are both the future and the present.', "So long as interactive media are both the future and the present, 'prostitutes make easy targets for killers and sexual sadists, psychologists say' is true."]
|
Provided that urine cadmium estimates cadmium body burden, we know that proletarian socialism is based on machine technique and the social labour of the working class. Whenever it is true that temperature is also a factor in chemical weathering, 'cones are sensitive to the amount of light entering the eye' is true. Provided that the notion that 'if proletarian socialism is based on machine technique and the social labour of the working class, then temperature is also a factor in chemical weathering' is untrue, we know that some marrow is part of fawns. On the condition that the notion that 'if proletarian socialism is based on machine technique and the social labour of the working class, then temperature is also a factor in chemical weathering' is untrue, it is definitely the case that we know that the claim that some marrow is part of fawns is false. On the condition that cones are sensitive to the amount of light entering the eye, it is definitely the case that interactive media are both the future and the present. So long as interactive media are both the future and the present, 'prostitutes make easy targets for killers and sexual sadists, psychologists say' is true.
|
One may reasonably assume that if urine cadmium estimates cadmium body burden, then prostitutes make easy targets for killers and sexual sadists, psychologists say.
|
One may reasonably assume that if urine cadmium estimates cadmium body burden, then prostitutes make easy targets for killers and sexual sadists, psychologists say.
|
TRUE
|
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [2]. [SC1-1]
If [2], then [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [4].
If [4], then [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [4], then [2].).), then [6].
If (Not (If [4], then [2].).), then (Not [6].).
Therefore, If [4], then [2]..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [3].
If [3], then [1]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [2], then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [3], then [5].
If [5], then [1].
Therefore, If [3], then [1]..
|
{0: 'Urine cadmium estimates cadmium body burden.', 1: 'Prostitutes make easy targets for killers and sexual sadists, psychologists say.', 2: 'Temperature is also a factor in chemical weathering.', 3: 'Cones are sensitive to the amount of light entering the eye.', 4: 'Proletarian socialism is based on machine technique and the social labour of the working class.', 5: 'Interactive media are both the future and the present.', 6: 'Some marrow is part of fawns.'}
| 5 |
4,666 |
['It is rational to believe that either zombies are dumb and slow, but they are also tough, and can dish out heavy damage with their claws or if foliage changes color and dies, then genesis is a work of literature.', 'On the condition that zombies are dumb and slow, but they are also tough, and can dish out heavy damage with their claws, it is definitely the case that either either vitamin D is necessary for our bodies to use calcium and phosphorus properly or children come to houses or black males are also more likely to die from prostate cancer than are white men.', "Whenever it is true that if foliage changes color and dies, then genesis is a work of literature, 'either either vitamin D is necessary for our bodies to use calcium and phosphorus properly or children come to houses or black males are also more likely to die from prostate cancer than are white men' is true.", "Whenever it is true that either vitamin D is necessary for our bodies to use calcium and phosphorus properly or children come to houses, 'it is not the case that photographer isa artist' is true.", 'It is not the case that central nervous stimulants contain caffeine.', "So long as it is not the case that either central nervous stimulants contain caffeine or if either vitamin D is necessary for our bodies to use calcium and phosphorus properly or children come to houses, then photographer isa artist, 'gazelles use water' is true.", "So long as it is not the case that either central nervous stimulants contain caffeine or if either vitamin D is necessary for our bodies to use calcium and phosphorus properly or children come to houses, then photographer isa artist, 'some people mistakenly believe that gazelles use water' is true."]
|
It is rational to believe that either zombies are dumb and slow, but they are also tough, and can dish out heavy damage with their claws or if foliage changes color and dies, then genesis is a work of literature. On the condition that zombies are dumb and slow, but they are also tough, and can dish out heavy damage with their claws, it is definitely the case that either either vitamin D is necessary for our bodies to use calcium and phosphorus properly or children come to houses or black males are also more likely to die from prostate cancer than are white men. Whenever it is true that if foliage changes color and dies, then genesis is a work of literature, 'either either vitamin D is necessary for our bodies to use calcium and phosphorus properly or children come to houses or black males are also more likely to die from prostate cancer than are white men' is true. Whenever it is true that either vitamin D is necessary for our bodies to use calcium and phosphorus properly or children come to houses, 'it is not the case that photographer isa artist' is true. It is not the case that central nervous stimulants contain caffeine. So long as it is not the case that either central nervous stimulants contain caffeine or if either vitamin D is necessary for our bodies to use calcium and phosphorus properly or children come to houses, then photographer isa artist, 'gazelles use water' is true. So long as it is not the case that either central nervous stimulants contain caffeine or if either vitamin D is necessary for our bodies to use calcium and phosphorus properly or children come to houses, then photographer isa artist, 'some people mistakenly believe that gazelles use water' is true.
|
Many people rightly believe that black males are also more likely to die from prostate cancer than are white men.
|
Black males have a higher risk at all ages.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not (Either [1] or [2].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or (If [4], then [5].).
If [3], then (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0].).
If (If [4], then [5].), then (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0].).
Therefore, Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Either [1] or [2].), then [6]. [SC1-2]
If (Either [1] or [2].), then (Not [6].).
Therefore, Not (Either [1] or [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [7] or (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [6].). [SC1-3]
Not [7].
Therefore, If (Either [1] or [2].), then [6]..
[SC1-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [7] or (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [6].).).), then [8].
If (Not (Either [7] or (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [6].).).), then (Not [8].).
Therefore, Either [7] or (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [6].)..
|
{0: 'Black males are also more likely to die from prostate cancer than are white men.', 1: 'Vitamin D is necessary for our bodies to use calcium and phosphorus properly.', 2: 'Children come to houses.', 3: 'Zombies are dumb and slow, but they are also tough, and can dish out heavy damage with their claws.', 4: 'Foliage changes color and dies.', 5: 'Genesis is a work of literature.', 6: 'Photographer isa artist.', 7: 'Central nervous stimulants contain caffeine.', 8: 'Gazelles use water.'}
| 5 |
4,789 |
['The idea that some plants can be at least as irritating as animals is true.', "So long as the claim that if some plants can be at least as irritating as animals, then normal forces are where they are important in industrial situations does not reflect reality, 'if some internal pressure is generated by contraction, then environmental careers encompass many different types of jobs and employers' is true.", 'We can assume that many mnemonics take the form of two phrases with similar rhythms.', 'Given that many mnemonics take the form of two phrases with similar rhythms, it can be inferred that water can also be very dangerous to hikers.', 'Provided that water can also be very dangerous to hikers, we know that if most jasmine has glossy leaves, then fairies are beautiful and magical creatures.', 'Provided that if most jasmine has glossy leaves, then fairies are beautiful and magical creatures, we know that if the claim that if some plants can be at least as irritating as animals, then normal forces are where they are important in industrial situations does not reflect reality, then those that suggest if some internal pressure is generated by contraction, then environmental careers encompass many different types of jobs and employers are wrong.']
|
The idea that some plants can be at least as irritating as animals is true. So long as the claim that if some plants can be at least as irritating as animals, then normal forces are where they are important in industrial situations does not reflect reality, 'if some internal pressure is generated by contraction, then environmental careers encompass many different types of jobs and employers' is true. We can assume that many mnemonics take the form of two phrases with similar rhythms. Given that many mnemonics take the form of two phrases with similar rhythms, it can be inferred that water can also be very dangerous to hikers. Provided that water can also be very dangerous to hikers, we know that if most jasmine has glossy leaves, then fairies are beautiful and magical creatures. Provided that if most jasmine has glossy leaves, then fairies are beautiful and magical creatures, we know that if the claim that if some plants can be at least as irritating as animals, then normal forces are where they are important in industrial situations does not reflect reality, then those that suggest if some internal pressure is generated by contraction, then environmental careers encompass many different types of jobs and employers are wrong.
|
It is rational to agree that normal forces are where they are important in industrial situations.
|
It is rational to agree that normal forces are where they are important in industrial situations.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (If [2], then [3].).
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).). [SC1-3]
[4]
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).)..
[SC1-3]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [4], then [5].
If [5], then (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).). [SC2-4]
Therefore, If [4], then (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).)..
[SC2-4]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [5], then (If [6], then [7].).
If (If [6], then [7].), then (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).).
Therefore, If [5], then (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).)..
|
{0: 'Normal forces are where they are important in industrial situations.', 1: 'Some plants can be at least as irritating as animals.', 2: 'Some internal pressure is generated by contraction.', 3: 'Environmental careers encompass many different types of jobs and employers.', 4: 'Many mnemonics take the form of two phrases with similar rhythms.', 5: 'Water can also be very dangerous to hikers.', 6: 'Most jasmine has glossy leaves.', 7: 'Fairies are beautiful and magical creatures.'}
| 5 |
4,958 |
['Given that booklets include information, it can be inferred that human capital comprises all the intangible assets that people bring to their jobs.', "Whenever it is true that the claim that either some men die at homes or booklets include information has no merit, 'most plants contain both kinds in varying amounts' is true.", 'If earth has one satellite called the moon, then human capital comprises all the intangible assets that people bring to their jobs.', 'One may reasonably assume that if most plants contain both kinds in varying amounts, then tourism depletes water supplies, especially in national economies such as Austria and Spain.', 'Those that suggest tourism depletes water supplies, especially in national economies such as Austria and Spain are wrong.', 'If some men die at homes, then some people love birds.', "So long as some people love birds, 'earth has one satellite called the moon' is true."]
|
Given that booklets include information, it can be inferred that human capital comprises all the intangible assets that people bring to their jobs. Whenever it is true that the claim that either some men die at homes or booklets include information has no merit, 'most plants contain both kinds in varying amounts' is true. If earth has one satellite called the moon, then human capital comprises all the intangible assets that people bring to their jobs. One may reasonably assume that if most plants contain both kinds in varying amounts, then tourism depletes water supplies, especially in national economies such as Austria and Spain. Those that suggest tourism depletes water supplies, especially in national economies such as Austria and Spain are wrong. If some men die at homes, then some people love birds. So long as some people love birds, 'earth has one satellite called the moon' is true.
|
human capital comprises all the intangible assets that people bring to their jobs.
|
Human capital can be sold e.g. slavery is legal.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [2], then [0].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then [3].
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If [3], then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, Not [3]..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [4]. [SC1-2]
If [4], then [0].
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [5].
If [5], then [4].
Therefore, If [1], then [4]..
|
{0: 'Human capital comprises all the intangible assets that people bring to their jobs.', 1: 'Some men die at homes.', 2: 'Booklets include information.', 3: 'Most plants contain both kinds in varying amounts.', 4: 'Earth has one satellite called the moon.', 5: 'Some people love birds.', 6: 'Tourism depletes water supplies, especially in national economies such as Austria and Spain.'}
| 5 |
4,214 |
["When the statement that states either boric acid is also available in gel form or cutthroats are murderers is false is true, it follows that the statement 'either band isa decoration or coagulants are agents' can be considered false.", 'At least one of two things is true: blood exits the tissues , travels toward the heart, and enters the right atrium , or either irregularities are often the result of an injury to the cuticle or nail bed or polymers are the stuff that panty hose and plastic bags are made of.', 'Given that blood exits the tissues , travels toward the heart, and enters the right atrium , it can be inferred that if it is a common misconception that if the statement that states either boric acid is also available in gel form or cutthroats are murderers is false, then either band isa decoration or coagulants are agents, then widow venom produces reaction.', 'One may reasonably assume that if either irregularities are often the result of an injury to the cuticle or nail bed or polymers are the stuff that panty hose and plastic bags are made of, then if it is a common misconception that if the statement that states either boric acid is also available in gel form or cutthroats are murderers is false, then either band isa decoration or coagulants are agents, then widow venom produces reaction.', "So long as either some people continue to have oily skin for several years into their adult lives or most sea lampreys use gills, 'if it is a common misconception that if the statement that states either boric acid is also available in gel form or cutthroats are murderers is false, then either band isa decoration or coagulants are agents, then the claim that widow venom produces reaction does not reflect reality' is true.", 'Should it be the case that it is a common misconception that either some people continue to have oily skin for several years into their adult lives or most sea lampreys use gills, it follows that if therapsids have (part) plasma membranes, then stethoscope isa instrument.', 'Provided that it is a common misconception that either some people continue to have oily skin for several years into their adult lives or most sea lampreys use gills, we know that we know that the claim that if therapsids have (part) plasma membranes, then stethoscope isa instrument is false.']
|
When the statement that states either boric acid is also available in gel form or cutthroats are murderers is false is true, it follows that the statement 'either band isa decoration or coagulants are agents' can be considered false. At least one of two things is true: blood exits the tissues , travels toward the heart, and enters the right atrium , or either irregularities are often the result of an injury to the cuticle or nail bed or polymers are the stuff that panty hose and plastic bags are made of. Given that blood exits the tissues , travels toward the heart, and enters the right atrium , it can be inferred that if it is a common misconception that if the statement that states either boric acid is also available in gel form or cutthroats are murderers is false, then either band isa decoration or coagulants are agents, then widow venom produces reaction. One may reasonably assume that if either irregularities are often the result of an injury to the cuticle or nail bed or polymers are the stuff that panty hose and plastic bags are made of, then if it is a common misconception that if the statement that states either boric acid is also available in gel form or cutthroats are murderers is false, then either band isa decoration or coagulants are agents, then widow venom produces reaction. So long as either some people continue to have oily skin for several years into their adult lives or most sea lampreys use gills, 'if it is a common misconception that if the statement that states either boric acid is also available in gel form or cutthroats are murderers is false, then either band isa decoration or coagulants are agents, then the claim that widow venom produces reaction does not reflect reality' is true. Should it be the case that it is a common misconception that either some people continue to have oily skin for several years into their adult lives or most sea lampreys use gills, it follows that if therapsids have (part) plasma membranes, then stethoscope isa instrument. Provided that it is a common misconception that either some people continue to have oily skin for several years into their adult lives or most sea lampreys use gills, we know that we know that the claim that if therapsids have (part) plasma membranes, then stethoscope isa instrument is false.
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: boric acid is also available in gel form, or cutthroats are murderers.
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: boric acid is also available in gel form, or cutthroats are murderers.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC1-1]
If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).).
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then [4]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then (Not [4].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [7] or (Either [8] or [9].).
If [7], then (If (Not (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then [4].).
If (Either [8] or [9].), then (If (Not (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then [4].).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then [4]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [5] or [6].), then (If (Not (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then (Not [4].).).
Either [5] or [6]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then (Not [4].)..
[SC2-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [5] or [6].).), then (If [10], then [11].).
If (Not (Either [5] or [6].).), then (Not (If [10], then [11].).).
Therefore, Either [5] or [6]..
|
{0: 'Boric acid is also available in gel form.', 1: 'Cutthroats are murderers.', 2: 'Band isa decoration.', 3: 'Coagulants are agents.', 4: 'Widow venom produces reaction.', 5: 'Some people continue to have oily skin for several years into their adult lives.', 6: 'Most sea lampreys use gills.', 7: 'Blood exits the tissues , travels toward the heart, and enters the right atrium .', 8: 'Irregularities are often the result of an injury to the cuticle or nail bed.', 9: 'Polymers are the stuff that panty hose and plastic bags are made of.', 10: 'Therapsids have (part) plasma membranes.', 11: 'Stethoscope isa instrument.'}
| 5 |
4,097 |
['One may reasonably assume that if the statement, water fowl consume the vegetation and contract a disease similar to food poisoning, does not hold, then plants grown in urban conditions generally have shorter lives.', 'It is rational to believe that either dreams are the portals into the inner worlds, the subtle arena of life or unpleasant emotions can transform into vitality and motivation.', "One may reasonably assume that if dreams are the portals into the inner worlds, the subtle arena of life, then if plants grown in urban conditions generally have shorter lives, then earthquakes generate waves that travel through the Earth's interior.", "Provided that unpleasant emotions can transform into vitality and motivation, we know that if plants grown in urban conditions generally have shorter lives, then earthquakes generate waves that travel through the Earth's interior.", "Whenever it is true that earthquakes generate waves that travel through the Earth's interior, 'pots have (part) brims' is true.", "When it is not the case that if earthquakes generate waves that travel through the Earth's interior, then the claim that pots have (part) brims is false is true, it follows that exercise is very beneficial in cancer therapy.", 'It is not the case that exercise is very beneficial in cancer therapy.']
|
One may reasonably assume that if the statement, water fowl consume the vegetation and contract a disease similar to food poisoning, does not hold, then plants grown in urban conditions generally have shorter lives. It is rational to believe that either dreams are the portals into the inner worlds, the subtle arena of life or unpleasant emotions can transform into vitality and motivation. One may reasonably assume that if dreams are the portals into the inner worlds, the subtle arena of life, then if plants grown in urban conditions generally have shorter lives, then earthquakes generate waves that travel through the Earth's interior. Provided that unpleasant emotions can transform into vitality and motivation, we know that if plants grown in urban conditions generally have shorter lives, then earthquakes generate waves that travel through the Earth's interior. Whenever it is true that earthquakes generate waves that travel through the Earth's interior, 'pots have (part) brims' is true. When it is not the case that if earthquakes generate waves that travel through the Earth's interior, then the claim that pots have (part) brims is false is true, it follows that exercise is very beneficial in cancer therapy. It is not the case that exercise is very beneficial in cancer therapy.
|
The statement 'water fowl consume the vegetation and contract a disease similar to food poisoning' is true.
|
Water fowl can sleep while swimming.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If [1], then [2]. [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4].
If [3], then (If [1], then [2].).
If [4], then (If [1], then [2].).
Therefore, If [1], then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [2], then [5].
If [2], then (Not [5].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC2-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then (Not [5].).).), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [5].)..
|
{0: 'Water fowl consume the vegetation and contract a disease similar to food poisoning.', 1: 'Plants grown in urban conditions generally have shorter lives.', 2: "Earthquakes generate waves that travel through the Earth's interior.", 3: 'Dreams are the portals into the inner worlds, the subtle arena of life.', 4: 'Unpleasant emotions can transform into vitality and motivation.', 5: 'Pots have (part) brims.', 6: 'Exercise is very beneficial in cancer therapy.'}
| 5 |
4,583 |
['Provided that all female marsupials have pouches in which they carry their babies, we know that students apply various techniques.', 'The claim that most atoms have valence shells does not reflect reality.', 'The claim that galaxies can change holds true.', 'We know that either hoofed browsers eat the twigs and foliage or german shepherd puppies enter adolescent stages.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: feces has no white blood cells, or if a verb phrase is a phrase, then housing development is development.', "So long as feces has no white blood cells, 'if either hoofed browsers eat the twigs and foliage or german shepherd puppies enter adolescent stages, then if galaxies can change, then either most atoms have valence shells or we know that the claim that students apply various techniques is false' is true.", 'Given that if a verb phrase is a phrase, then housing development is development, it can be inferred that if either hoofed browsers eat the twigs and foliage or german shepherd puppies enter adolescent stages, then if galaxies can change, then either most atoms have valence shells or we know that the claim that students apply various techniques is false.']
|
Provided that all female marsupials have pouches in which they carry their babies, we know that students apply various techniques. The claim that most atoms have valence shells does not reflect reality. The claim that galaxies can change holds true. We know that either hoofed browsers eat the twigs and foliage or german shepherd puppies enter adolescent stages. Either one or both of these statements are true: feces has no white blood cells, or if a verb phrase is a phrase, then housing development is development. So long as feces has no white blood cells, 'if either hoofed browsers eat the twigs and foliage or german shepherd puppies enter adolescent stages, then if galaxies can change, then either most atoms have valence shells or we know that the claim that students apply various techniques is false' is true. Given that if a verb phrase is a phrase, then housing development is development, it can be inferred that if either hoofed browsers eat the twigs and foliage or german shepherd puppies enter adolescent stages, then if galaxies can change, then either most atoms have valence shells or we know that the claim that students apply various techniques is false.
|
We know that the claim that all female marsupials have pouches in which they carry their babies is false.
|
It is not the case that female marsupials have a pouch on their abdomen in which they carry and nurse their young.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
Not [2].
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (Either [2] or (Not [1].).). [SC1-3]
[3]
Therefore, Either [2] or (Not [1].)..
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If [3], then (Either [2] or (Not [1].).).). [SC1-4]
Either [4] or [5].
Therefore, If [3], then (Either [2] or (Not [1].).)..
[SC1-4]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or (If [7], then [8].).
If [6], then (If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If [3], then (Either [2] or (Not [1].).).).).
If (If [7], then [8].), then (If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If [3], then (Either [2] or (Not [1].).).).).
Therefore, If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If [3], then (Either [2] or (Not [1].).).)..
|
{0: 'All female marsupials have pouches in which they carry their babies.', 1: 'Students apply various techniques.', 2: 'Most atoms have valence shells.', 3: 'Galaxies can change.', 4: 'Hoofed browsers eat the twigs and foliage.', 5: 'German shepherd puppies enter adolescent stages.', 6: 'Feces has no white blood cells.', 7: 'A verb phrase is a phrase.', 8: 'Housing development is development.'}
| 5 |
4,466 |
['Given that some people mistakenly believe that accountability is a two way street, it can be inferred that if most animals detect movement, then hamsters are mammals.', 'Should it be the case that if most animals detect movement, then hamsters are mammals, it follows that if some dingos have flexible structures, then helper isa worker.', 'One may reasonably assume that if if some dingos have flexible structures, then helper isa worker, then food companies add color to food to influence what it tastes like.', 'Once we know food companies add color to food to influence what it tastes like, we also know that mountains serve as barriers to water vapor, causing rain shadows on their leeward sides.', "Should it be the case that the statement 'if if some dingos have flexible structures, then helper isa worker, then some people mistakenly believe that mountains serve as barriers to water vapor, causing rain shadows on their leeward sides' can be considered false, it follows that fossa isa shape.", 'It is not the case that fossa isa shape.']
|
Given that some people mistakenly believe that accountability is a two way street, it can be inferred that if most animals detect movement, then hamsters are mammals. Should it be the case that if most animals detect movement, then hamsters are mammals, it follows that if some dingos have flexible structures, then helper isa worker. One may reasonably assume that if if some dingos have flexible structures, then helper isa worker, then food companies add color to food to influence what it tastes like. Once we know food companies add color to food to influence what it tastes like, we also know that mountains serve as barriers to water vapor, causing rain shadows on their leeward sides. Should it be the case that the statement 'if if some dingos have flexible structures, then helper isa worker, then some people mistakenly believe that mountains serve as barriers to water vapor, causing rain shadows on their leeward sides' can be considered false, it follows that fossa isa shape. It is not the case that fossa isa shape.
|
Many people rightly believe that accountability is a two way street.
|
Many people rightly believe that accountability is a two way street.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).
Not (If [1], then [2].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (If [1], then [2].), then (If [3], then [4].).
Not (If [3], then [4].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not (If [1], then [2].)..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (If [3], then [4].), then [5]. [SC1-3]
If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not [5].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, Not (If [3], then [4].)..
[SC1-3]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (If [3], then [4].), then [7].
If [7], then [5].
Therefore, If (If [3], then [4].), then [5]..
[SC2-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not [5].).).), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not [5].)..
|
{0: 'Accountability is a two way street.', 1: 'Most animals detect movement.', 2: 'Hamsters are mammals.', 3: 'Some dingos have flexible structures.', 4: 'Helper isa worker.', 5: 'Mountains serve as barriers to water vapor, causing rain shadows on their leeward sides.', 6: 'Fossa isa shape.', 7: 'Food companies add color to food to influence what it tastes like.'}
| 5 |
4,523 |
['Provided that toxins are produced by vertebrates, we know that vines can grow for a hundred years, though production is reduced as they get older.', 'Once we know vines can grow for a hundred years, though production is reduced as they get older, we also know that daughters acquire lovely boyfriends.', 'We can assume that most apple varieties require cross-pollination in order to bear satisfactorily.', "If it is not the case that if most apple varieties require cross-pollination in order to bear satisfactorily, then the notion that 'daughters acquire lovely boyfriends' is untrue, then river deltas make good farmland, as does the land along rivers, called flood plain.", 'At least one of two things is true: bees do in fact recognize human faces, but their vision is much better than that of tarantulas, or if many kosher households have two kitchen areas, one for meat and the other for dairy, then parasagittal tumors lie near or close to the falx.', "Whenever it is true that bees do in fact recognize human faces, but their vision is much better than that of tarantulas, 'it is not the case that river deltas make good farmland, as does the land along rivers, called flood plain' is true.", 'Provided that if many kosher households have two kitchen areas, one for meat and the other for dairy, then parasagittal tumors lie near or close to the falx, we know that it is not the case that river deltas make good farmland, as does the land along rivers, called flood plain.']
|
Provided that toxins are produced by vertebrates, we know that vines can grow for a hundred years, though production is reduced as they get older. Once we know vines can grow for a hundred years, though production is reduced as they get older, we also know that daughters acquire lovely boyfriends. We can assume that most apple varieties require cross-pollination in order to bear satisfactorily. If it is not the case that if most apple varieties require cross-pollination in order to bear satisfactorily, then the notion that 'daughters acquire lovely boyfriends' is untrue, then river deltas make good farmland, as does the land along rivers, called flood plain. At least one of two things is true: bees do in fact recognize human faces, but their vision is much better than that of tarantulas, or if many kosher households have two kitchen areas, one for meat and the other for dairy, then parasagittal tumors lie near or close to the falx. Whenever it is true that bees do in fact recognize human faces, but their vision is much better than that of tarantulas, 'it is not the case that river deltas make good farmland, as does the land along rivers, called flood plain' is true. Provided that if many kosher households have two kitchen areas, one for meat and the other for dairy, then parasagittal tumors lie near or close to the falx, we know that it is not the case that river deltas make good farmland, as does the land along rivers, called flood plain.
|
The claim that toxins are produced by vertebrates is false.
|
Toxins are produced by vertebrates.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [3].
If [3], then [1].
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
[2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then (Not [1].).).), then [4].
Not [4]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or (If [6], then [7].).
If [5], then (Not [4].).
If (If [6], then [7].), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, Not [4]..
|
{0: 'Toxins are produced by vertebrates.', 1: 'Daughters acquire lovely boyfriends.', 2: 'Most apple varieties require cross-pollination in order to bear satisfactorily.', 3: 'Vines can grow for a hundred years, though production is reduced as they get older.', 4: 'River deltas make good farmland, as does the land along rivers, called flood plain.', 5: 'Bees do in fact recognize human faces, but their vision is much better than that of tarantulas.', 6: 'Many kosher households have two kitchen areas, one for meat and the other for dairy.', 7: 'Parasagittal tumors lie near or close to the falx.'}
| 5 |
4,255 |
['If hawthorn has numerous beneficial effects on the heart and blood vessels, then if the claim that most people know how to work hard does not reflect reality, then traveling is used for entertainment.', "The statement 'hawthorn has numerous beneficial effects on the heart and blood vessels' is true.", 'It is a common misconception that sexuality is a term used to describe a whole range of feelings, desires and actions relating to sex.', 'Either if cats have a tendency to accumulate tartar or scale around the teeth, then cardiologists specialize in diseases of the heart and vascular system or invoices is the easiest way to bill clients either electronically or through the mail.', 'Should it be the case that invoices is the easiest way to bill clients either electronically or through the mail, it follows that the statement, traveling is used for entertainment, does not hold.', 'There is good reason to believe that either a cardiac muscle is a muscle or if if cats have a tendency to accumulate tartar or scale around the teeth, then cardiologists specialize in diseases of the heart and vascular system , then sexuality is a term used to describe a whole range of feelings, desires and actions relating to sex.', 'The claim that a cardiac muscle is a muscle does not correspond with reality.']
|
If hawthorn has numerous beneficial effects on the heart and blood vessels, then if the claim that most people know how to work hard does not reflect reality, then traveling is used for entertainment. The statement 'hawthorn has numerous beneficial effects on the heart and blood vessels' is true. It is a common misconception that sexuality is a term used to describe a whole range of feelings, desires and actions relating to sex. Either if cats have a tendency to accumulate tartar or scale around the teeth, then cardiologists specialize in diseases of the heart and vascular system or invoices is the easiest way to bill clients either electronically or through the mail. Should it be the case that invoices is the easiest way to bill clients either electronically or through the mail, it follows that the statement, traveling is used for entertainment, does not hold. There is good reason to believe that either a cardiac muscle is a muscle or if if cats have a tendency to accumulate tartar or scale around the teeth, then cardiologists specialize in diseases of the heart and vascular system , then sexuality is a term used to describe a whole range of feelings, desires and actions relating to sex. The claim that a cardiac muscle is a muscle does not correspond with reality.
|
We can assume that most people know how to work hard.
|
We can assume that most people know how to work hard.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
[2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
Not [3].
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either (If [4], then [5].) or [6].
If (If [4], then [5].), then [3]. [SC2-3]
If [6], then (Not [1].).
Therefore, Either [3] or (Not [1].)..
[SC2-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [7] or (If (If [4], then [5].), then [3].).
Not [7].
Therefore, If (If [4], then [5].), then [3]..
|
{0: 'Most people know how to work hard.', 1: 'Traveling is used for entertainment.', 2: 'Hawthorn has numerous beneficial effects on the heart and blood vessels.', 3: 'Sexuality is a term used to describe a whole range of feelings, desires and actions relating to sex.', 4: 'Cats have a tendency to accumulate tartar or scale around the teeth.', 5: 'Cardiologists specialize in diseases of the heart and vascular system .', 6: 'Invoices is the easiest way to bill clients either electronically or through the mail.', 7: 'A cardiac muscle is a muscle.'}
| 5 |
4,385 |
['It is rational to believe that either wind carries heat away by driving cold air through clothing or cats suffer from some of the same visual impairments as humans.', 'At least one of two things is true: either bacterial infection is caused by pathogen or confucian values continue to influence contemporary Japanese life, or if life flows deeper than the rising and setting of the sun, then some moms have twins.', 'Some people mistakenly believe that either bacterial infection is caused by pathogen or confucian values continue to influence contemporary Japanese life.', 'When raccoons have a bag of tricks to throw predators off their trail is true, it follows that if either wind carries heat away by driving cold air through clothing or cats suffer from some of the same visual impairments as humans, then if if life flows deeper than the rising and setting of the sun, then some moms have twins, then sea otters float on their backs to eat and use tools such as rocks, to pry prey from objects.', 'If lithuanian pagans adapt their traditions to their circumstances, then if either wind carries heat away by driving cold air through clothing or cats suffer from some of the same visual impairments as humans, then if if life flows deeper than the rising and setting of the sun, then some moms have twins, then sea otters float on their backs to eat and use tools such as rocks, to pry prey from objects.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: some tigers even have a short mane on the neck, or either death is an unnatural end to life or rodent isa mammal.', 'One may reasonably assume that if some tigers even have a short mane on the neck, then either raccoons have a bag of tricks to throw predators off their trail or lithuanian pagans adapt their traditions to their circumstances.', 'If either death is an unnatural end to life or rodent isa mammal, then either raccoons have a bag of tricks to throw predators off their trail or lithuanian pagans adapt their traditions to their circumstances.']
|
It is rational to believe that either wind carries heat away by driving cold air through clothing or cats suffer from some of the same visual impairments as humans. At least one of two things is true: either bacterial infection is caused by pathogen or confucian values continue to influence contemporary Japanese life, or if life flows deeper than the rising and setting of the sun, then some moms have twins. Some people mistakenly believe that either bacterial infection is caused by pathogen or confucian values continue to influence contemporary Japanese life. When raccoons have a bag of tricks to throw predators off their trail is true, it follows that if either wind carries heat away by driving cold air through clothing or cats suffer from some of the same visual impairments as humans, then if if life flows deeper than the rising and setting of the sun, then some moms have twins, then sea otters float on their backs to eat and use tools such as rocks, to pry prey from objects. If lithuanian pagans adapt their traditions to their circumstances, then if either wind carries heat away by driving cold air through clothing or cats suffer from some of the same visual impairments as humans, then if if life flows deeper than the rising and setting of the sun, then some moms have twins, then sea otters float on their backs to eat and use tools such as rocks, to pry prey from objects. We know that at least one of two things is true: some tigers even have a short mane on the neck, or either death is an unnatural end to life or rodent isa mammal. One may reasonably assume that if some tigers even have a short mane on the neck, then either raccoons have a bag of tricks to throw predators off their trail or lithuanian pagans adapt their traditions to their circumstances. If either death is an unnatural end to life or rodent isa mammal, then either raccoons have a bag of tricks to throw predators off their trail or lithuanian pagans adapt their traditions to their circumstances.
|
The statement 'sea otters float on their backs to eat and use tools such as rocks, to pry prey from objects' is true.
|
Sea otters are also one of the few mammals other than primates known to use tools.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If (If [1], then [2].), then [0]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [5] or [6].), then (If (If [1], then [2].), then [0].). [SC1-2]
Either [5] or [6].
Therefore, If (If [1], then [2].), then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [7] or [8]. [SC1-3]
If [7], then (If (Either [5] or [6].), then (If (If [1], then [2].), then [0].).).
If [8], then (If (Either [5] or [6].), then (If (If [1], then [2].), then [0].).).
Therefore, If (Either [5] or [6].), then (If (If [1], then [2].), then [0].)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [9] or (Either [10] or [11].).
If [9], then (Either [7] or [8].).
If (Either [10] or [11].), then (Either [7] or [8].).
Therefore, Either [7] or [8]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [3] or [4].) or (If [1], then [2].).
Not (Either [3] or [4].).
Therefore, If [1], then [2]..
|
{0: 'Sea otters float on their backs to eat and use tools such as rocks, to pry prey from objects.', 1: 'Life flows deeper than the rising and setting of the sun.', 2: 'Some moms have twins.', 3: 'Bacterial infection is caused by pathogen.', 4: 'Confucian values continue to influence contemporary Japanese life.', 5: 'Wind carries heat away by driving cold air through clothing.', 6: 'Cats suffer from some of the same visual impairments as humans.', 7: 'Raccoons have a bag of tricks to throw predators off their trail.', 8: 'Lithuanian pagans adapt their traditions to their circumstances.', 9: 'Some tigers even have a short mane on the neck.', 10: 'Death is an unnatural end to life.', 11: 'Rodent isa mammal.'}
| 5 |
4,545 |
['We know that either osmotic pressure draws interstitial fluid from blood in arteriules, but replaces it in venules or noble Gasses are colorless gasses that are extremely unreactive.', 'When osmotic pressure draws interstitial fluid from blood in arteriules, but replaces it in venules is true, it follows that if reptiles hear by detecting vibrations both in the air and in the ground, then cacomistles have (part) skulls.', 'Assuming noble Gasses are colorless gasses that are extremely unreactive, we know that many extrasolar planets are known to move in highly elliptical orbits.', 'Should it be the case that either young mice are more likely to be infected than adult mice or most excretion reflects renal damage, it follows that if if reptiles hear by detecting vibrations both in the air and in the ground, then cacomistles have (part) skulls, then if restraints also are underrecognized causes of death, usually by strangulation or entrapment, then most cosmic radiation is very energetic.', 'Either young mice are more likely to be infected than adult mice or most excretion reflects renal damage.', 'If many extrasolar planets are known to move in highly elliptical orbits, then more American anglers pursue largemouth bass than any other freshwater gamefish.', 'Given that sprinkles are watering, it can be inferred that if more American anglers pursue largemouth bass than any other freshwater gamefish, then if restraints also are underrecognized causes of death, usually by strangulation or entrapment, then most cosmic radiation is very energetic.', 'Many people rightly believe that sprinkles are watering.']
|
We know that either osmotic pressure draws interstitial fluid from blood in arteriules, but replaces it in venules or noble Gasses are colorless gasses that are extremely unreactive. When osmotic pressure draws interstitial fluid from blood in arteriules, but replaces it in venules is true, it follows that if reptiles hear by detecting vibrations both in the air and in the ground, then cacomistles have (part) skulls. Assuming noble Gasses are colorless gasses that are extremely unreactive, we know that many extrasolar planets are known to move in highly elliptical orbits. Should it be the case that either young mice are more likely to be infected than adult mice or most excretion reflects renal damage, it follows that if if reptiles hear by detecting vibrations both in the air and in the ground, then cacomistles have (part) skulls, then if restraints also are underrecognized causes of death, usually by strangulation or entrapment, then most cosmic radiation is very energetic. Either young mice are more likely to be infected than adult mice or most excretion reflects renal damage. If many extrasolar planets are known to move in highly elliptical orbits, then more American anglers pursue largemouth bass than any other freshwater gamefish. Given that sprinkles are watering, it can be inferred that if more American anglers pursue largemouth bass than any other freshwater gamefish, then if restraints also are underrecognized causes of death, usually by strangulation or entrapment, then most cosmic radiation is very energetic. Many people rightly believe that sprinkles are watering.
|
Whenever it is true that restraints also are underrecognized causes of death, usually by strangulation or entrapment, 'most cosmic radiation is very energetic' is true.
|
Whenever it is true that restraints also are underrecognized causes of death, usually by strangulation or entrapment, 'most cosmic radiation is very energetic' is true.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [2], then [3].) or [4]. [SC1-1]
If (If [2], then [3].), then (If [0], then [1].). [SC2-1]
If [4], then (If [0], then [1].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (If [2], then [3].).
If [6], then [4].
Therefore, Either (If [2], then [3].) or [4]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [7] or [8].), then (If (If [2], then [3].), then (If [0], then [1].).).
Either [7] or [8].
Therefore, If (If [2], then [3].), then (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC3-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [4], then [9].
If [9], then (If [0], then [1].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [4], then (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [10], then (If [9], then (If [0], then [1].).).
[10]
Therefore, If [9], then (If [0], then [1].)..
|
{0: 'Restraints also are underrecognized causes of death, usually by strangulation or entrapment.', 1: 'Most cosmic radiation is very energetic.', 2: 'Reptiles hear by detecting vibrations both in the air and in the ground.', 3: 'Cacomistles have (part) skulls.', 4: 'Many extrasolar planets are known to move in highly elliptical orbits.', 5: 'Osmotic pressure draws interstitial fluid from blood in arteriules, but replaces it in venules.', 6: 'Noble Gasses are colorless gasses that are extremely unreactive.', 7: 'Young mice are more likely to be infected than adult mice.', 8: 'Most excretion reflects renal damage.', 9: 'More American anglers pursue largemouth bass than any other freshwater gamefish.', 10: 'Sprinkles are watering.'}
| 5 |
4,382 |
['The claim that most bony fish possess caudal fins has no merit.', 'Assuming blood has (part) sections, we know that either most bony fish possess caudal fins or it is a common misconception that some individuals contribute to gene pools.', 'One may reasonably assume that if the claim that blood has (part) sections has no merit, then some walruses rely on sea ice.', 'There is good reason to believe that either either robberies occur in countries or arteries supply muscles or we know that the claim that some walruses rely on sea ice is false.', 'At least one of two things is true: a puppet state is government, or ammonites recover from near extinction and become important guide fossils.', "So long as a puppet state is government, 'it is not the case that either robberies occur in countries or arteries supply muscles' is true.", 'Should it be the case that ammonites recover from near extinction and become important guide fossils, it follows that it is not the case that either robberies occur in countries or arteries supply muscles.']
|
The claim that most bony fish possess caudal fins has no merit. Assuming blood has (part) sections, we know that either most bony fish possess caudal fins or it is a common misconception that some individuals contribute to gene pools. One may reasonably assume that if the claim that blood has (part) sections has no merit, then some walruses rely on sea ice. There is good reason to believe that either either robberies occur in countries or arteries supply muscles or we know that the claim that some walruses rely on sea ice is false. At least one of two things is true: a puppet state is government, or ammonites recover from near extinction and become important guide fossils. So long as a puppet state is government, 'it is not the case that either robberies occur in countries or arteries supply muscles' is true. Should it be the case that ammonites recover from near extinction and become important guide fossils, it follows that it is not the case that either robberies occur in countries or arteries supply muscles.
|
It is a common misconception that some individuals contribute to gene pools.
|
Some people mistakenly believe that individuals develop reaction.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (Either [1] or (Not [0].).).
[2] [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or (Not [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [2].), then [3].
Not [3]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, [2].
[SC2-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [4] or [5].) or (Not [3].).
Not (Either [4] or [5].). [SC2-4]
Therefore, Not [3]..
[SC2-4]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (Not (Either [4] or [5].).).
If [7], then (Not (Either [4] or [5].).).
Therefore, Not (Either [4] or [5].)..
|
{0: 'Some individuals contribute to gene pools.', 1: 'Most bony fish possess caudal fins.', 2: 'Blood has (part) sections.', 3: 'Some walruses rely on sea ice.', 4: 'Robberies occur in countries.', 5: 'Arteries supply muscles.', 6: 'A puppet state is government.', 7: 'Ammonites recover from near extinction and become important guide fossils.'}
| 5 |
4,489 |
["Whenever it is true that the claim that if weight training is an integral part of good health for people of all ages, then the statement 'cockroach isa insect' can be considered false does not reflect reality, 'the claim that either asymmetrical shoes allow a more natural gait or neigh isa sound is false' is true.", 'The statement, science is only about chemistry and physics, does not hold.', "If the claim that if weight training is an integral part of good health for people of all ages, then the statement 'cockroach isa insect' can be considered false does not reflect reality, then flexible bags are best for products with irregular shapes and dry pack fruits and vegetables.", 'When flexible bags are best for products with irregular shapes and dry pack fruits and vegetables is true, it follows that either asymmetrical shoes allow a more natural gait or neigh isa sound.', 'At least one of two things is true: sloths are related to anteaters, a group of mammals known as edentates, or either science is only about chemistry and physics or weight training is an integral part of good health for people of all ages.', 'The statement, sloths are related to anteaters, a group of mammals known as edentates, does not hold.']
|
Whenever it is true that the claim that if weight training is an integral part of good health for people of all ages, then the statement 'cockroach isa insect' can be considered false does not reflect reality, 'the claim that either asymmetrical shoes allow a more natural gait or neigh isa sound is false' is true. The statement, science is only about chemistry and physics, does not hold. If the claim that if weight training is an integral part of good health for people of all ages, then the statement 'cockroach isa insect' can be considered false does not reflect reality, then flexible bags are best for products with irregular shapes and dry pack fruits and vegetables. When flexible bags are best for products with irregular shapes and dry pack fruits and vegetables is true, it follows that either asymmetrical shoes allow a more natural gait or neigh isa sound. At least one of two things is true: sloths are related to anteaters, a group of mammals known as edentates, or either science is only about chemistry and physics or weight training is an integral part of good health for people of all ages. The statement, sloths are related to anteaters, a group of mammals known as edentates, does not hold.
|
The statement 'cockroach isa insect' can be considered false.
|
The claim that cockroach isa insect holds true.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC1-2]
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).).
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then [5].
If [5], then (Either [2] or [3].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or [1]. [SC1-2]
Not [4].
Therefore, [1].
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (Either [4] or [1].).
Not [6].
Therefore, Either [4] or [1]..
|
{0: 'Cockroach isa insect.', 1: 'Weight training is an integral part of good health for people of all ages.', 2: 'Asymmetrical shoes allow a more natural gait.', 3: 'Neigh isa sound.', 4: 'Science is only about chemistry and physics.', 5: 'Flexible bags are best for products with irregular shapes and dry pack fruits and vegetables.', 6: 'Sloths are related to anteaters, a group of mammals known as edentates.'}
| 5 |
4,513 |
['If the claim that mojave has (part) cells has no merit, then gold is a minor component of the Pelican River massive sulfide body in Sec.', 'The claim that either all grains break down fairly quickly into sugars or ethnic earthquakes send swift tidal waves around the globe does not correspond with reality.', 'Given that calcium plays many roles in the body, it can be inferred that if those that suggest if some people mistakenly believe that if the claim that mojave has (part) cells has no merit, then it is a common misconception that gold is a minor component of the Pelican River massive sulfide body in Sec, then either all grains break down fairly quickly into sugars or ethnic earthquakes send swift tidal waves around the globe are wrong, then many meteorologists have degrees in physics, chemistry, mathematics, and other fields.', 'It is fair to say that calcium plays many roles in the body.', "Whenever it is true that those that suggest if some people mistakenly believe that if the claim that mojave has (part) cells has no merit, then it is a common misconception that gold is a minor component of the Pelican River massive sulfide body in Sec, then either all grains break down fairly quickly into sugars or ethnic earthquakes send swift tidal waves around the globe are wrong, 'either caterpillars have sides or cholesterol lowering itself is safe, as is the diet used to lower cholesterol' is true.", 'Should it be the case that either caterpillars have sides or cholesterol lowering itself is safe, as is the diet used to lower cholesterol, it follows that some people mistakenly believe that many meteorologists have degrees in physics, chemistry, mathematics, and other fields.']
|
If the claim that mojave has (part) cells has no merit, then gold is a minor component of the Pelican River massive sulfide body in Sec. The claim that either all grains break down fairly quickly into sugars or ethnic earthquakes send swift tidal waves around the globe does not correspond with reality. Given that calcium plays many roles in the body, it can be inferred that if those that suggest if some people mistakenly believe that if the claim that mojave has (part) cells has no merit, then it is a common misconception that gold is a minor component of the Pelican River massive sulfide body in Sec, then either all grains break down fairly quickly into sugars or ethnic earthquakes send swift tidal waves around the globe are wrong, then many meteorologists have degrees in physics, chemistry, mathematics, and other fields. It is fair to say that calcium plays many roles in the body. Whenever it is true that those that suggest if some people mistakenly believe that if the claim that mojave has (part) cells has no merit, then it is a common misconception that gold is a minor component of the Pelican River massive sulfide body in Sec, then either all grains break down fairly quickly into sugars or ethnic earthquakes send swift tidal waves around the globe are wrong, 'either caterpillars have sides or cholesterol lowering itself is safe, as is the diet used to lower cholesterol' is true. Should it be the case that either caterpillars have sides or cholesterol lowering itself is safe, as is the diet used to lower cholesterol, it follows that some people mistakenly believe that many meteorologists have degrees in physics, chemistry, mathematics, and other fields.
|
It is reasonable to believe that mojave has (part) cells.
|
Mojave has (part) necks.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1].
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC1-2]
Not (Either [2] or [3].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then [4]. [SC1-3]
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then (Not [4].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [7], then (If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then [4].).
[7]
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then [4]..
[SC2-3]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then (Either [5] or [6].).
If (Either [5] or [6].), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then (Not [4].)..
|
{0: 'Mojave has (part) cells.', 1: 'Gold is a minor component of the Pelican River massive sulfide body in Sec.', 2: 'All grains break down fairly quickly into sugars.', 3: 'Ethnic earthquakes send swift tidal waves around the globe.', 4: 'Many meteorologists have degrees in physics, chemistry, mathematics, and other fields.', 5: 'Caterpillars have sides.', 6: 'Cholesterol lowering itself is safe, as is the diet used to lower cholesterol.', 7: 'Calcium plays many roles in the body.'}
| 5 |
4,780 |
['Should it be the case that either herbs grow naturally in many different soils and climates or most rheas have claws, it follows that the claim that anabolic steroids are similar to, and include, the male hormone, testosterone has no merit.', "Whenever it is true that it is not the case that either opticians work closely with and in most cases directly for doctors or atoms are the fundamental building blocks of nature, 'if receptors reduce their sensitivity if continuously stimulated, then water can be deeper than it appears, and water levels rise very quickly' is true.", 'Assuming the claim that if either opticians work closely with and in most cases directly for doctors or atoms are the fundamental building blocks of nature, then either herbs grow naturally in many different soils and climates or most rheas have claws has no merit, we know that mushrooms are hard to identify.', 'The statement that states mushrooms are hard to identify is false.', 'Provided that either technology is the common denominator or bound electrons are electrons that have been attracted into electron holes, we know that the claim that if receptors reduce their sensitivity if continuously stimulated, then water can be deeper than it appears, and water levels rise very quickly is false.', 'At least one of two things is true: technology is the common denominator, or bound electrons are electrons that have been attracted into electron holes.']
|
Should it be the case that either herbs grow naturally in many different soils and climates or most rheas have claws, it follows that the claim that anabolic steroids are similar to, and include, the male hormone, testosterone has no merit. Whenever it is true that it is not the case that either opticians work closely with and in most cases directly for doctors or atoms are the fundamental building blocks of nature, 'if receptors reduce their sensitivity if continuously stimulated, then water can be deeper than it appears, and water levels rise very quickly' is true. Assuming the claim that if either opticians work closely with and in most cases directly for doctors or atoms are the fundamental building blocks of nature, then either herbs grow naturally in many different soils and climates or most rheas have claws has no merit, we know that mushrooms are hard to identify. The statement that states mushrooms are hard to identify is false. Provided that either technology is the common denominator or bound electrons are electrons that have been attracted into electron holes, we know that the claim that if receptors reduce their sensitivity if continuously stimulated, then water can be deeper than it appears, and water levels rise very quickly is false. At least one of two things is true: technology is the common denominator, or bound electrons are electrons that have been attracted into electron holes.
|
The claim that anabolic steroids are similar to, and include, the male hormone, testosterone has no merit.
|
It is the case that anabolic steroids are similar to, and include, the male hormone, testosterone.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [1] or [2].), then (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
Either [1] or [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Either [1] or [2].), then (Either [3] or [4].). [SC1-2]
If (Either [3] or [4].), then (Not [0].).
Therefore, If (Either [1] or [2].), then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Either [1] or [2].), then (Either [3] or [4].).).), then [9].
Not [9].
Therefore, If (Either [1] or [2].), then (Either [3] or [4].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then (If [5], then [6].).
Not (If [5], then [6].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [7] or [8].), then (Not (If [5], then [6].).).
Either [7] or [8].
Therefore, Not (If [5], then [6].)..
|
{0: 'Anabolic steroids are similar to, and include, the male hormone, testosterone.', 1: 'Opticians work closely with and in most cases directly for doctors.', 2: 'Atoms are the fundamental building blocks of nature.', 3: 'Herbs grow naturally in many different soils and climates.', 4: 'Most rheas have claws.', 5: 'Receptors reduce their sensitivity if continuously stimulated.', 6: 'Water can be deeper than it appears, and water levels rise very quickly.', 7: 'Technology is the common denominator.', 8: 'Bound electrons are electrons that have been attracted into electron holes.', 9: 'Mushrooms are hard to identify.'}
| 5 |
4,904 |
['Either antiques malls are antique centers that feature items from dozens of dealers under one roof or many animals die in oil spills.', 'If many animals die in oil spills, then if if vasogenic edema can displace the brain hemisphere and, when severe, lead to cerebral herniation, then all microphones are transducers, converting one form of energy to another, then we know that the claim that fireflies have (part) heads is false.', 'Given that vasogenic edema can displace the brain hemisphere and, when severe, lead to cerebral herniation, it can be inferred that regulatory mechanisms ensure a dynamic balance in living systems.', "We know that either archaeologists DON'T dig up dinosaurs, palaeontologists dig up dinosaurs or goats thrive in environments.", "If archaeologists DON'T dig up dinosaurs, palaeontologists dig up dinosaurs , then if antiques malls are antique centers that feature items from dozens of dealers under one roof, then if if vasogenic edema can displace the brain hemisphere and, when severe, lead to cerebral herniation, then all microphones are transducers, converting one form of energy to another, then we know that the claim that fireflies have (part) heads is false.", 'One may reasonably assume that if goats thrive in environments, then if antiques malls are antique centers that feature items from dozens of dealers under one roof, then if if vasogenic edema can displace the brain hemisphere and, when severe, lead to cerebral herniation, then all microphones are transducers, converting one form of energy to another, then we know that the claim that fireflies have (part) heads is false.', "So long as it is not true that if regulatory mechanisms ensure a dynamic balance in living systems, then all microphones are transducers, converting one form of energy to another, 'food insecurity is a critical concern with widespread child and maternal malnutrition' is true.", 'It is not true that food insecurity is a critical concern with widespread child and maternal malnutrition.']
|
Either antiques malls are antique centers that feature items from dozens of dealers under one roof or many animals die in oil spills. If many animals die in oil spills, then if if vasogenic edema can displace the brain hemisphere and, when severe, lead to cerebral herniation, then all microphones are transducers, converting one form of energy to another, then we know that the claim that fireflies have (part) heads is false. Given that vasogenic edema can displace the brain hemisphere and, when severe, lead to cerebral herniation, it can be inferred that regulatory mechanisms ensure a dynamic balance in living systems. We know that either archaeologists DON'T dig up dinosaurs, palaeontologists dig up dinosaurs or goats thrive in environments. If archaeologists DON'T dig up dinosaurs, palaeontologists dig up dinosaurs , then if antiques malls are antique centers that feature items from dozens of dealers under one roof, then if if vasogenic edema can displace the brain hemisphere and, when severe, lead to cerebral herniation, then all microphones are transducers, converting one form of energy to another, then we know that the claim that fireflies have (part) heads is false. One may reasonably assume that if goats thrive in environments, then if antiques malls are antique centers that feature items from dozens of dealers under one roof, then if if vasogenic edema can displace the brain hemisphere and, when severe, lead to cerebral herniation, then all microphones are transducers, converting one form of energy to another, then we know that the claim that fireflies have (part) heads is false. So long as it is not true that if regulatory mechanisms ensure a dynamic balance in living systems, then all microphones are transducers, converting one form of energy to another, 'food insecurity is a critical concern with widespread child and maternal malnutrition' is true. It is not true that food insecurity is a critical concern with widespread child and maternal malnutrition.
|
We know that the claim that fireflies have (part) heads is false.
|
The statement 'fireflies use patterns' can be considered false.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If (If [1], then [2].), then (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
If [1], then [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (If (If [1], then [2].), then (Not [0].).). [SC2-2]
If [5], then (If (If [1], then [2].), then (Not [0].).).
Therefore, If (If [1], then [2].), then (Not [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [7] or [8].
If [7], then (If [4], then (If (If [1], then [2].), then (Not [0].).).).
If [8], then (If [4], then (If (If [1], then [2].), then (Not [0].).).).
Therefore, If [4], then (If (If [1], then [2].), then (Not [0].).)..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [3].
If [3], then [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [3], then [2].).), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, If [3], then [2]..
|
{0: 'Fireflies have (part) heads.', 1: 'Vasogenic edema can displace the brain hemisphere and, when severe, lead to cerebral herniation.', 2: 'All microphones are transducers, converting one form of energy to another.', 3: 'Regulatory mechanisms ensure a dynamic balance in living systems.', 4: 'Antiques malls are antique centers that feature items from dozens of dealers under one roof.', 5: 'Many animals die in oil spills.', 6: 'Food insecurity is a critical concern with widespread child and maternal malnutrition.', 7: "Archaeologists DON'T dig up dinosaurs, palaeontologists dig up dinosaurs .", 8: 'Goats thrive in environments.'}
| 5 |
4,122 |
['Should it be the case that if a win is a victory, then phosphate groups contain phosphorus and oxygen atoms, it follows that either most people think of peace as either the absence of war, or as inner peace or the claim that creativity is used for the technique of discovery does not correspond with reality.', "Whenever it is true that most people think of peace as either the absence of war, or as inner peace, 'women still die in childbirth' is true.", 'We know that the claim that women still die in childbirth is false.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: drugs can bring undesirable side effects, or either if a win is a victory, then phosphate groups contain phosphorus and oxygen atoms or either dance is part of the national character or melons are a nutritious food.', 'It is not the case that drugs can bring undesirable side effects.', 'At least one of two things is true: photosynthesis reverses the direction of electron flow, or some cocos contain nutrients.', "So long as photosynthesis reverses the direction of electron flow, 'if either dance is part of the national character or melons are a nutritious food, then either most people think of peace as either the absence of war, or as inner peace or the claim that creativity is used for the technique of discovery does not correspond with reality' is true.", 'Should it be the case that some cocos contain nutrients, it follows that if either dance is part of the national character or melons are a nutritious food, then either most people think of peace as either the absence of war, or as inner peace or the claim that creativity is used for the technique of discovery does not correspond with reality.']
|
Should it be the case that if a win is a victory, then phosphate groups contain phosphorus and oxygen atoms, it follows that either most people think of peace as either the absence of war, or as inner peace or the claim that creativity is used for the technique of discovery does not correspond with reality. Whenever it is true that most people think of peace as either the absence of war, or as inner peace, 'women still die in childbirth' is true. We know that the claim that women still die in childbirth is false. Either one or both of these statements are true: drugs can bring undesirable side effects, or either if a win is a victory, then phosphate groups contain phosphorus and oxygen atoms or either dance is part of the national character or melons are a nutritious food. It is not the case that drugs can bring undesirable side effects. At least one of two things is true: photosynthesis reverses the direction of electron flow, or some cocos contain nutrients. So long as photosynthesis reverses the direction of electron flow, 'if either dance is part of the national character or melons are a nutritious food, then either most people think of peace as either the absence of war, or as inner peace or the claim that creativity is used for the technique of discovery does not correspond with reality' is true. Should it be the case that some cocos contain nutrients, it follows that if either dance is part of the national character or melons are a nutritious food, then either most people think of peace as either the absence of war, or as inner peace or the claim that creativity is used for the technique of discovery does not correspond with reality.
|
The claim that creativity is used for the technique of discovery does not correspond with reality.
|
It is not the case that creativity is a spiritual experience in and of itself.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [3], then [4].) or (Either [5] or [6].). [SC1-2]
If (If [3], then [4].), then (Either [1] or (Not [0].).).
If (Either [5] or [6].), then (Either [1] or (Not [0].).). [SC3-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [9] or (Either (If [3], then [4].) or (Either [5] or [6].).).
Not [9].
Therefore, Either (If [3], then [4].) or (Either [5] or [6].)..
[SC3-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [7] or [8].
If [7], then (If (Either [5] or [6].), then (Either [1] or (Not [0].).).).
If [8], then (If (Either [5] or [6].), then (Either [1] or (Not [0].).).).
Therefore, If (Either [5] or [6].), then (Either [1] or (Not [0].).)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If [1], then [2].
Not [2].
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Creativity is used for the technique of discovery.', 1: 'Most people think of peace as either the absence of war, or as inner peace.', 2: 'Women still die in childbirth.', 3: 'A win is a victory.', 4: 'Phosphate groups contain phosphorus and oxygen atoms.', 5: 'Dance is part of the national character.', 6: 'Melons are a nutritious food.', 7: 'Photosynthesis reverses the direction of electron flow.', 8: 'Some cocos contain nutrients.', 9: 'Drugs can bring undesirable side effects.'}
| 5 |
4,946 |
['Assuming the claim that if a slicker is a waterproof, then if guys have (part) beard, then play is motivated by the goal of tos is false, we know that either some fulcrums are part of accelerators or new volcanoes form every century, but usually in the same area as existing volcanoes.', 'Should it be the case that the claim that if a slicker is a waterproof, then if guys have (part) beard, then play is motivated by the goal of tos is false, it follows that the statement that states either some fulcrums are part of accelerators or new volcanoes form every century, but usually in the same area as existing volcanoes is false.', 'On the condition that it is a common misconception that a slicker is a waterproof, it is definitely the case that explanations describe greenhouse effects.', 'It is rational to believe that either either eukaryotes can move using flagella or motile cilia or laughter reduces feelings of stress or if snowmobiles are an important way to provide access for people with disabilities, then educators have (part) sections.', 'When if snowmobiles are an important way to provide access for people with disabilities, then educators have (part) sections is true, it follows that we know that the claim that explanations describe greenhouse effects is false.', "Whenever it is true that some minks have few natural enemies, 'if either eukaryotes can move using flagella or motile cilia or laughter reduces feelings of stress, then we know that the claim that explanations describe greenhouse effects is false' is true.", "The statement 'some minks have few natural enemies' can be considered true."]
|
Assuming the claim that if a slicker is a waterproof, then if guys have (part) beard, then play is motivated by the goal of tos is false, we know that either some fulcrums are part of accelerators or new volcanoes form every century, but usually in the same area as existing volcanoes. Should it be the case that the claim that if a slicker is a waterproof, then if guys have (part) beard, then play is motivated by the goal of tos is false, it follows that the statement that states either some fulcrums are part of accelerators or new volcanoes form every century, but usually in the same area as existing volcanoes is false. On the condition that it is a common misconception that a slicker is a waterproof, it is definitely the case that explanations describe greenhouse effects. It is rational to believe that either either eukaryotes can move using flagella or motile cilia or laughter reduces feelings of stress or if snowmobiles are an important way to provide access for people with disabilities, then educators have (part) sections. When if snowmobiles are an important way to provide access for people with disabilities, then educators have (part) sections is true, it follows that we know that the claim that explanations describe greenhouse effects is false. Whenever it is true that some minks have few natural enemies, 'if either eukaryotes can move using flagella or motile cilia or laughter reduces feelings of stress, then we know that the claim that explanations describe greenhouse effects is false' is true. The statement 'some minks have few natural enemies' can be considered true.
|
Should it be the case that guys have (part) beard, it follows that play is motivated by the goal of tos.
|
One may reasonably assume that if guys have fear, then play is motivated by the goal of tos.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If [0], then [1].). [SC1-1]
[2] [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [2], then (If [0], then [1].).).), then (Either [4] or [5].).
If (Not (If [2], then (If [0], then [1].).).), then (Not (Either [4] or [5].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [2].), then [3].
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, [2].
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [6] or [7].) or (If [8], then [9].).
If (Either [6] or [7].), then (Not [3].). [SC2-3]
If (If [8], then [9].), then (Not [3].).
Therefore, Not [3]..
[SC2-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [10], then (If (Either [6] or [7].), then (Not [3].).).
[10]
Therefore, If (Either [6] or [7].), then (Not [3].)..
|
{0: 'Guys have (part) beard.', 1: 'Play is motivated by the goal of tos.', 2: 'A slicker is a waterproof.', 3: 'Explanations describe greenhouse effects.', 4: 'Some fulcrums are part of accelerators.', 5: 'New volcanoes form every century, but usually in the same area as existing volcanoes.', 6: 'Eukaryotes can move using flagella or motile cilia.', 7: 'Laughter reduces feelings of stress.', 8: 'Snowmobiles are an important way to provide access for people with disabilities.', 9: 'Educators have (part) sections.', 10: 'Some minks have few natural enemies.'}
| 5 |
4,060 |
["If the statement 'double-deckers have (part) sections' can be considered false, then tubes have (part) sections.", 'Those that suggest if most garbage is buried in the ground and left until it decomposes, then most mammals have middle ear bones are wrong.', 'On the condition that it is not true that either if most garbage is buried in the ground and left until it decomposes, then most mammals have middle ear bones or those that suggest tubes have (part) sections are wrong, it is definitely the case that the statement, radon is present in some spring waters, does not hold.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: paralyzing snowstorms are infrequent as snow usually melts rather quickly, or if it is not true that either if most garbage is buried in the ground and left until it decomposes, then most mammals have middle ear bones or those that suggest tubes have (part) sections are wrong, then radon is present in some spring waters.', 'If stress is also a risk factor for depression and suicide, then the claim that paralyzing snowstorms are infrequent as snow usually melts rather quickly is false.', 'We can assume that stress is also a risk factor for depression and suicide.']
|
If the statement 'double-deckers have (part) sections' can be considered false, then tubes have (part) sections. Those that suggest if most garbage is buried in the ground and left until it decomposes, then most mammals have middle ear bones are wrong. On the condition that it is not true that either if most garbage is buried in the ground and left until it decomposes, then most mammals have middle ear bones or those that suggest tubes have (part) sections are wrong, it is definitely the case that the statement, radon is present in some spring waters, does not hold. Either one or both of these statements are true: paralyzing snowstorms are infrequent as snow usually melts rather quickly, or if it is not true that either if most garbage is buried in the ground and left until it decomposes, then most mammals have middle ear bones or those that suggest tubes have (part) sections are wrong, then radon is present in some spring waters. If stress is also a risk factor for depression and suicide, then the claim that paralyzing snowstorms are infrequent as snow usually melts rather quickly is false. We can assume that stress is also a risk factor for depression and suicide.
|
The idea that double-deckers have (part) sections is true.
|
The idea that double-deckers have (part) sections is true.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [2], then [3].) or (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
Not (If [2], then [3].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either (If [2], then [3].) or (Not [1].).).), then [4]. [SC1-3]
If (Not (Either (If [2], then [3].) or (Not [1].).).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, Either (If [2], then [3].) or (Not [1].)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (If (Not (Either (If [2], then [3].) or (Not [1].).).), then [4].).
Not [5]. [SC2-4]
Therefore, If (Not (Either (If [2], then [3].) or (Not [1].).).), then [4]..
[SC2-4]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (Not [5].).
[6]
Therefore, Not [5]..
|
{0: 'Double-deckers have (part) sections.', 1: 'Tubes have (part) sections.', 2: 'Most garbage is buried in the ground and left until it decomposes.', 3: 'Most mammals have middle ear bones.', 4: 'Radon is present in some spring waters.', 5: 'Paralyzing snowstorms are infrequent as snow usually melts rather quickly.', 6: 'Stress is also a risk factor for depression and suicide.'}
| 5 |
4,844 |
['The claim that red photons have more energy than blue photons is false.', 'On the condition that felonies are punishable by prison incarceration, unless probation is granted, it is definitely the case that either archaeology is the study of past human societies or carbon dioxide provides the carbon atoms that are incorporated into sugars in photosynthesis.', 'It is the case that felonies are punishable by prison incarceration, unless probation is granted.', 'Assuming archaeology is the study of past human societies, we know that either individuals experience difficulty or mice show metabolism.', 'One may reasonably assume that if either individuals experience difficulty or mice show metabolism, then red photons have more energy than blue photons.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: monounsaturated fats are in olive oil and peanut oil, or tree frogs can climb up a pane of glass.', 'If monounsaturated fats are in olive oil and peanut oil, then if carbon dioxide provides the carbon atoms that are incorporated into sugars in photosynthesis, then triangles symbolize the trinity.', 'Assuming tree frogs can climb up a pane of glass, we know that if carbon dioxide provides the carbon atoms that are incorporated into sugars in photosynthesis, then triangles symbolize the trinity.']
|
The claim that red photons have more energy than blue photons is false. On the condition that felonies are punishable by prison incarceration, unless probation is granted, it is definitely the case that either archaeology is the study of past human societies or carbon dioxide provides the carbon atoms that are incorporated into sugars in photosynthesis. It is the case that felonies are punishable by prison incarceration, unless probation is granted. Assuming archaeology is the study of past human societies, we know that either individuals experience difficulty or mice show metabolism. One may reasonably assume that if either individuals experience difficulty or mice show metabolism, then red photons have more energy than blue photons. We know that at least one of two things is true: monounsaturated fats are in olive oil and peanut oil, or tree frogs can climb up a pane of glass. If monounsaturated fats are in olive oil and peanut oil, then if carbon dioxide provides the carbon atoms that are incorporated into sugars in photosynthesis, then triangles symbolize the trinity. Assuming tree frogs can climb up a pane of glass, we know that if carbon dioxide provides the carbon atoms that are incorporated into sugars in photosynthesis, then triangles symbolize the trinity.
|
We can assume that triangles symbolize the trinity.
|
Triangles are bursts where a break has been found in the optical light curve.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then [1]. [SC2-2]
If [3], then [0]. [SC3-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (Either [2] or [3].).
[4]
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then (Either [7] or [8].).
If (Either [7] or [8].), then [1].
Therefore, If [2], then [1]..
[SC3-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (If [3], then [0].).
If [6], then (If [3], then [0].).
Therefore, If [3], then [0]..
|
{0: 'Triangles symbolize the trinity.', 1: 'Red photons have more energy than blue photons.', 2: 'Archaeology is the study of past human societies.', 3: 'Carbon dioxide provides the carbon atoms that are incorporated into sugars in photosynthesis.', 4: 'Felonies are punishable by prison incarceration, unless probation is granted.', 5: 'Monounsaturated fats are in olive oil and peanut oil.', 6: 'Tree frogs can climb up a pane of glass.', 7: 'Individuals experience difficulty.', 8: 'Mice show metabolism.'}
| 5 |
4,372 |
['Either one or both of these statements are true: canine rabies is prevalent in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, or if reproduction occurs asexually but placozoans can also form sperm and egg, then tolerance is the foundation of peace and security and is the bedrock of civil society.', 'Provided that canine rabies is prevalent in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, we know that either most vietnamese women eat healthy diets or nachos are tortilla chips.', 'Provided that if reproduction occurs asexually but placozoans can also form sperm and egg, then tolerance is the foundation of peace and security and is the bedrock of civil society, we know that either most vietnamese women eat healthy diets or nachos are tortilla chips.', 'When most vietnamese women eat healthy diets is true, it follows that macaws can be prone to feather-destructive behaviors.', "Should it be the case that newfoundland dogs are also good eye seeing dogs, it follows that if nachos are tortilla chips, then the statement that 'some pigment has irritant effects' is incorrect.", 'Those that suggest newfoundland dogs are also good eye seeing dogs are right.', "It is rational to believe that either either bookcases are located in houses or online crime is the internet s biggest growth industry or if macaws can be prone to feather-destructive behaviors, then the statement that 'some pigment has irritant effects' is incorrect.", "The statement 'either bookcases are located in houses or online crime is the internet s biggest growth industry' can be considered false."]
|
Either one or both of these statements are true: canine rabies is prevalent in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, or if reproduction occurs asexually but placozoans can also form sperm and egg, then tolerance is the foundation of peace and security and is the bedrock of civil society. Provided that canine rabies is prevalent in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, we know that either most vietnamese women eat healthy diets or nachos are tortilla chips. Provided that if reproduction occurs asexually but placozoans can also form sperm and egg, then tolerance is the foundation of peace and security and is the bedrock of civil society, we know that either most vietnamese women eat healthy diets or nachos are tortilla chips. When most vietnamese women eat healthy diets is true, it follows that macaws can be prone to feather-destructive behaviors. Should it be the case that newfoundland dogs are also good eye seeing dogs, it follows that if nachos are tortilla chips, then the statement that 'some pigment has irritant effects' is incorrect. Those that suggest newfoundland dogs are also good eye seeing dogs are right. It is rational to believe that either either bookcases are located in houses or online crime is the internet s biggest growth industry or if macaws can be prone to feather-destructive behaviors, then the statement that 'some pigment has irritant effects' is incorrect. The statement 'either bookcases are located in houses or online crime is the internet s biggest growth industry' can be considered false.
|
The statement that 'some pigment has irritant effects' is incorrect.
|
We know that the claim that some pigment has effects is false.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or (If [4], then [5].).
If [3], then (Either [1] or [2].).
If (If [4], then [5].), then (Either [1] or [2].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [7].
If [7], then (Not [0].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [8] or [9].) or (If [7], then (Not [0].).).
Not (Either [8] or [9].).
Therefore, If [7], then (Not [0].)..
[SC3-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If [2], then (Not [0].).).
[6]
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [0].)..
|
{0: 'Some pigment has irritant effects.', 1: 'Most vietnamese women eat healthy diets.', 2: 'Nachos are tortilla chips.', 3: 'Canine rabies is prevalent in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.', 4: 'Reproduction occurs asexually but placozoans can also form sperm and egg.', 5: 'Tolerance is the foundation of peace and security and is the bedrock of civil society.', 6: 'Newfoundland dogs are also good eye seeing dogs.', 7: 'Macaws can be prone to feather-destructive behaviors.', 8: 'Bookcases are located in houses.', 9: 'Online crime is the internet s biggest growth industry.'}
| 5 |
4,283 |
["If it is not the case that if the statement that 'old children experience growth' is incorrect, then weather follows spring rain, then most animals enter hibernation.", 'We know that either carbonaceous chondrites are a rare find on Earth because they are very fragile or it is not true that weather follows spring rain.', 'The claim that carbonaceous chondrites are a rare find on Earth because they are very fragile does not correspond with reality.', "Given that the claim that if it is not the case that if the statement that 'old children experience growth' is incorrect, then weather follows spring rain, then the claim that most animals enter hibernation is false is false, it can be inferred that it is not true that ill health is a disordered energy cascade, a stagnant area and a dead end of congestion and pain.", 'Either one or both of these statements are true: doctors know that women are more susceptible to alcohol damage than men, or many birds use the moon, sun, and stars to find their way.', "One may reasonably assume that if doctors know that women are more susceptible to alcohol damage than men, then if the claim that if it is not the case that if the statement that 'old children experience growth' is incorrect, then weather follows spring rain, then the claim that most animals enter hibernation is false is false, then ill health is a disordered energy cascade, a stagnant area and a dead end of congestion and pain.", "If many birds use the moon, sun, and stars to find their way, then if the claim that if it is not the case that if the statement that 'old children experience growth' is incorrect, then weather follows spring rain, then the claim that most animals enter hibernation is false is false, then ill health is a disordered energy cascade, a stagnant area and a dead end of congestion and pain."]
|
If it is not the case that if the statement that 'old children experience growth' is incorrect, then weather follows spring rain, then most animals enter hibernation. We know that either carbonaceous chondrites are a rare find on Earth because they are very fragile or it is not true that weather follows spring rain. The claim that carbonaceous chondrites are a rare find on Earth because they are very fragile does not correspond with reality. Given that the claim that if it is not the case that if the statement that 'old children experience growth' is incorrect, then weather follows spring rain, then the claim that most animals enter hibernation is false is false, it can be inferred that it is not true that ill health is a disordered energy cascade, a stagnant area and a dead end of congestion and pain. Either one or both of these statements are true: doctors know that women are more susceptible to alcohol damage than men, or many birds use the moon, sun, and stars to find their way. One may reasonably assume that if doctors know that women are more susceptible to alcohol damage than men, then if the claim that if it is not the case that if the statement that 'old children experience growth' is incorrect, then weather follows spring rain, then the claim that most animals enter hibernation is false is false, then ill health is a disordered energy cascade, a stagnant area and a dead end of congestion and pain. If many birds use the moon, sun, and stars to find their way, then if the claim that if it is not the case that if the statement that 'old children experience growth' is incorrect, then weather follows spring rain, then the claim that most animals enter hibernation is false is false, then ill health is a disordered energy cascade, a stagnant area and a dead end of congestion and pain.
|
The idea that old children experience growth is true.
|
It is not the case that old children experience growth.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [3].
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [3].).).), then [4]. [SC1-3]
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [3].).).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [3].)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [3].).).), then [4].).
If [6], then (If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [3].).).), then [4].).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [3].).).), then [4]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (Not [1].).
Not [2].
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Old children experience growth.', 1: 'Weather follows spring rain.', 2: 'Carbonaceous chondrites are a rare find on Earth because they are very fragile.', 3: 'Most animals enter hibernation.', 4: 'Ill health is a disordered energy cascade, a stagnant area and a dead end of congestion and pain.', 5: 'Doctors know that women are more susceptible to alcohol damage than men.', 6: 'Many birds use the moon, sun, and stars to find their way.'}
| 5 |
4,939 |
['It is rational to believe that either surgery tends to lend itself to hospital work and sleep only or sport is for physical jerks.', 'One may reasonably assume that if surgery tends to lend itself to hospital work and sleep only, then immature geese are somewhat paler and lack the bars on the head.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: some animals can be asymptomatic carriers, or words are symbols that can be of different meanings at different times.', "Whenever it is true that some animals can be asymptomatic carriers, 'either cultural clashes occur when players attempt to decipher the values of the other group or if sport is for physical jerks, then immature geese are somewhat paler and lack the bars on the head' is true.", 'Once we know words are symbols that can be of different meanings at different times, we also know that either cultural clashes occur when players attempt to decipher the values of the other group or if sport is for physical jerks, then immature geese are somewhat paler and lack the bars on the head.', 'One may reasonably assume that if cultural clashes occur when players attempt to decipher the values of the other group, then carpenter ants love to nest in firewood.', "Either one or both of these statements are true: coyotes use auditory, visual, olfactory and tactile signals to communicate, or the statement that 'carpenter ants love to nest in firewood' is incorrect.", 'Those that suggest coyotes use auditory, visual, olfactory and tactile signals to communicate are wrong.']
|
It is rational to believe that either surgery tends to lend itself to hospital work and sleep only or sport is for physical jerks. One may reasonably assume that if surgery tends to lend itself to hospital work and sleep only, then immature geese are somewhat paler and lack the bars on the head. Either one or both of these statements are true: some animals can be asymptomatic carriers, or words are symbols that can be of different meanings at different times. Whenever it is true that some animals can be asymptomatic carriers, 'either cultural clashes occur when players attempt to decipher the values of the other group or if sport is for physical jerks, then immature geese are somewhat paler and lack the bars on the head' is true. Once we know words are symbols that can be of different meanings at different times, we also know that either cultural clashes occur when players attempt to decipher the values of the other group or if sport is for physical jerks, then immature geese are somewhat paler and lack the bars on the head. One may reasonably assume that if cultural clashes occur when players attempt to decipher the values of the other group, then carpenter ants love to nest in firewood. Either one or both of these statements are true: coyotes use auditory, visual, olfactory and tactile signals to communicate, or the statement that 'carpenter ants love to nest in firewood' is incorrect. Those that suggest coyotes use auditory, visual, olfactory and tactile signals to communicate are wrong.
|
The statement that states immature geese are somewhat paler and lack the bars on the head is right.
|
We know that the claim that immature geese are somewhat paler and lack the bars on the head is false.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2].
If [1], then [0].
If [2], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC3-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If [2], then [0].). [SC1-2]
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [2], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (Either [3] or (If [2], then [0].).).
If [5], then (Either [3] or (If [2], then [0].).).
Therefore, Either [3] or (If [2], then [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If [3], then [6].
Not [6]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, Not [3]..
[SC2-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [7] or (Not [6].).
Not [7].
Therefore, Not [6]..
|
{0: 'Immature geese are somewhat paler and lack the bars on the head.', 1: 'Surgery tends to lend itself to hospital work and sleep only.', 2: 'Sport is for physical jerks.', 3: 'Cultural clashes occur when players attempt to decipher the values of the other group.', 4: 'Some animals can be asymptomatic carriers.', 5: 'Words are symbols that can be of different meanings at different times.', 6: 'Carpenter ants love to nest in firewood.', 7: 'Coyotes use auditory, visual, olfactory and tactile signals to communicate.'}
| 5 |
4,608 |
['It is reasonable to believe that some scientists study properties.', "The statement 'aggressive behavior is learned and maintained in a similar manner to other behaviors' can be considered true.", "Once we know death brings feelings, we also know that if some scientists study properties, then if some economists even fear that derivatives threaten the stability of the financial system, then the statement 'nations have coastlines' can be considered false.", 'It is fair to say that death brings feelings.', 'We know that either married people have the best and the most sex or if aggressive behavior is learned and maintained in a similar manner to other behaviors, then some economists even fear that derivatives threaten the stability of the financial system.', 'The claim that married people have the best and the most sex is false.']
|
It is reasonable to believe that some scientists study properties. The statement 'aggressive behavior is learned and maintained in a similar manner to other behaviors' can be considered true. Once we know death brings feelings, we also know that if some scientists study properties, then if some economists even fear that derivatives threaten the stability of the financial system, then the statement 'nations have coastlines' can be considered false. It is fair to say that death brings feelings. We know that either married people have the best and the most sex or if aggressive behavior is learned and maintained in a similar manner to other behaviors, then some economists even fear that derivatives threaten the stability of the financial system. The claim that married people have the best and the most sex is false.
|
The statement 'nations have coastlines' can be considered false.
|
Those that suggest nations have coastlines are right.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).). [SC1-2]
[2]
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (If [2], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).
[5]
Therefore, If [2], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then [1]. [SC1-2]
[3]
Therefore, [1].
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If [3], then [1].).
Not [4].
Therefore, If [3], then [1]..
|
{0: 'Nations have coastlines.', 1: 'Some economists even fear that derivatives threaten the stability of the financial system.', 2: 'Some scientists study properties.', 3: 'Aggressive behavior is learned and maintained in a similar manner to other behaviors.', 4: 'Married people have the best and the most sex.', 5: 'Death brings feelings.'}
| 5 |
4,495 |
['Either one or both of these statements are true: grave stones Become Political steps to power, or if the claim that if some guns use gases, then trees produce sweet fruit does not reflect reality, then some cassowaries care for chicks.', 'The claim that grave stones Become Political steps to power is false.', 'If either other nutrients find in food or speciation isa phylogeny, then if some cassowaries care for chicks, then vitamin A helps protect the body from infection.', 'We know that either other nutrients find in food or speciation isa phylogeny.', "Provided that the statement 'if some cassowaries care for chicks, then the claim that vitamin A helps protect the body from infection does not reflect reality' can be considered false, we know that either injury prevention is a key factor in shoulder exercises or revolution is the word describing earth's yearly orbit around the sun.", "The notion that 'either injury prevention is a key factor in shoulder exercises or revolution is the word describing earth's yearly orbit around the sun' is untrue."]
|
Either one or both of these statements are true: grave stones Become Political steps to power, or if the claim that if some guns use gases, then trees produce sweet fruit does not reflect reality, then some cassowaries care for chicks. The claim that grave stones Become Political steps to power is false. If either other nutrients find in food or speciation isa phylogeny, then if some cassowaries care for chicks, then vitamin A helps protect the body from infection. We know that either other nutrients find in food or speciation isa phylogeny. Provided that the statement 'if some cassowaries care for chicks, then the claim that vitamin A helps protect the body from infection does not reflect reality' can be considered false, we know that either injury prevention is a key factor in shoulder exercises or revolution is the word describing earth's yearly orbit around the sun. The notion that 'either injury prevention is a key factor in shoulder exercises or revolution is the word describing earth's yearly orbit around the sun' is untrue.
|
Assuming some guns use gases, we know that trees produce sweet fruit.
|
Provided that guns DO kill children, we know that trees produce sweet fruit
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2]. [SC1-1]
Not [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2].).
Not [3].
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [2], then [4]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (Not [4].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [5] or [6].), then (If [2], then [4].).
Either [5] or [6].
Therefore, If [2], then [4]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then (Not [4].).).), then (Either [7] or [8].).
Not (Either [7] or [8].).
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [4].)..
|
{0: 'Some guns use gases.', 1: 'Trees produce sweet fruit.', 2: 'Some cassowaries care for chicks.', 3: 'Grave stones Become Political steps to power.', 4: 'Vitamin A helps protect the body from infection.', 5: 'Other nutrients find in food.', 6: 'Speciation isa phylogeny.', 7: 'Injury prevention is a key factor in shoulder exercises.', 8: "Revolution is the word describing earth's yearly orbit around the sun."}
| 5 |
4,630 |
['It is rational to believe that either high altitude tempers the climate, the vineyards are warm by day and cool by night or if those that suggest toxicology is a broad field that can accommodate many interests are wrong, then architecture is the art and science behind building and sculpture design.', 'It is not the case that high altitude tempers the climate, the vineyards are warm by day and cool by night.', 'Given that those that suggest toxicology is a broad field that can accommodate many interests are wrong, it can be inferred that australian women have salt intake.', 'Provided that gannets are seabirds about the size of a goose, with long, tapered bills and pointed tails, we know that if australian women have salt intake, then it is not the case that architecture is the art and science behind building and sculpture design.', "So long as either materials contain materials or some infect people have worms, 'if australian women have salt intake, then it is not the case that architecture is the art and science behind building and sculpture design' is true.", 'Either one or both of these statements are true: white storks consume animal prey, or litter is a behavior problem caused by disrespect for the environment.', 'If white storks consume animal prey, then either gannets are seabirds about the size of a goose, with long, tapered bills and pointed tails or either materials contain materials or some infect people have worms.', 'Once we know litter is a behavior problem caused by disrespect for the environment, we also know that either gannets are seabirds about the size of a goose, with long, tapered bills and pointed tails or either materials contain materials or some infect people have worms.']
|
It is rational to believe that either high altitude tempers the climate, the vineyards are warm by day and cool by night or if those that suggest toxicology is a broad field that can accommodate many interests are wrong, then architecture is the art and science behind building and sculpture design. It is not the case that high altitude tempers the climate, the vineyards are warm by day and cool by night. Given that those that suggest toxicology is a broad field that can accommodate many interests are wrong, it can be inferred that australian women have salt intake. Provided that gannets are seabirds about the size of a goose, with long, tapered bills and pointed tails, we know that if australian women have salt intake, then it is not the case that architecture is the art and science behind building and sculpture design. So long as either materials contain materials or some infect people have worms, 'if australian women have salt intake, then it is not the case that architecture is the art and science behind building and sculpture design' is true. Either one or both of these statements are true: white storks consume animal prey, or litter is a behavior problem caused by disrespect for the environment. If white storks consume animal prey, then either gannets are seabirds about the size of a goose, with long, tapered bills and pointed tails or either materials contain materials or some infect people have worms. Once we know litter is a behavior problem caused by disrespect for the environment, we also know that either gannets are seabirds about the size of a goose, with long, tapered bills and pointed tails or either materials contain materials or some infect people have worms.
|
It is a simple truth that toxicology is a broad field that can accommodate many interests.
|
Toxicology is a combination of biology and chemistry with a wide variety of career opportunities.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
Not [3].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then [2].
If [2], then (Not [1].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or (Either [5] or [6].). [SC1-3]
If [4], then (If [2], then (Not [1].).).
If (Either [5] or [6].), then (If [2], then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [7] or [8].
If [7], then (Either [4] or (Either [5] or [6].).).
If [8], then (Either [4] or (Either [5] or [6].).).
Therefore, Either [4] or (Either [5] or [6].)..
|
{0: 'Toxicology is a broad field that can accommodate many interests.', 1: 'Architecture is the art and science behind building and sculpture design.', 2: 'Australian women have salt intake.', 3: 'High altitude tempers the climate, the vineyards are warm by day and cool by night.', 4: 'Gannets are seabirds about the size of a goose, with long, tapered bills and pointed tails.', 5: 'Materials contain materials.', 6: 'Some infect people have worms.', 7: 'White storks consume animal prey.', 8: 'Litter is a behavior problem caused by disrespect for the environment.'}
| 5 |
4,596 |
['The claim that plague is different from smallpox, which is different from anthrax does not reflect reality.', 'The claim that willingness is the soul of obedience has no merit.', 'Those that suggest quilts have cotton are right.', "Whenever it is true that the claim that if quilts have cotton, then either willingness is the soul of obedience or if the notion that 'if corners are part of buildings, then chimpanzees show anger through body movements and vocal noises' is untrue, then plague is different from smallpox, which is different from anthrax is false, 'astronomers now think that when a galaxy has a quasar, the quasar changes the galaxy' is true.", 'We know that at least one of two things is true: either corn contains proteins or radiation therapy is therapy, or the claim that astronomers now think that when a galaxy has a quasar, the quasar changes the galaxy is false.', 'It is not the case that either corn contains proteins or radiation therapy is therapy.']
|
The claim that plague is different from smallpox, which is different from anthrax does not reflect reality. The claim that willingness is the soul of obedience has no merit. Those that suggest quilts have cotton are right. Whenever it is true that the claim that if quilts have cotton, then either willingness is the soul of obedience or if the notion that 'if corners are part of buildings, then chimpanzees show anger through body movements and vocal noises' is untrue, then plague is different from smallpox, which is different from anthrax is false, 'astronomers now think that when a galaxy has a quasar, the quasar changes the galaxy' is true. We know that at least one of two things is true: either corn contains proteins or radiation therapy is therapy, or the claim that astronomers now think that when a galaxy has a quasar, the quasar changes the galaxy is false. It is not the case that either corn contains proteins or radiation therapy is therapy.
|
So long as corners are part of buildings, 'chimpanzees show anger through body movements and vocal noises' is true.
|
So long as corners are part of buildings, 'chimpanzees adapt to environments' is true.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2]. [SC1-1]
Not [2].
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2].). [SC1-2]
Not [3].
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (Either [3] or (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2].).). [SC1-3]
[4]
Therefore, Either [3] or (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2].)..
[SC1-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [4], then (Either [3] or (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2].).).).), then [5].
Not [5]. [SC2-4]
Therefore, If [4], then (Either [3] or (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2].).)..
[SC2-4]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [6] or [7].) or (Not [5].).
Not (Either [6] or [7].).
Therefore, Not [5]..
|
{0: 'Corners are part of buildings.', 1: 'Chimpanzees show anger through body movements and vocal noises.', 2: 'Plague is different from smallpox, which is different from anthrax.', 3: 'Willingness is the soul of obedience.', 4: 'Quilts have cotton.', 5: 'Astronomers now think that when a galaxy has a quasar, the quasar changes the galaxy.', 6: 'Corn contains proteins.', 7: 'Radiation therapy is therapy.'}
| 5 |
4,713 |
["So long as aldosterone is secreted from the adrenal gland in the presence of increasing levels of potassium, 'legends are history that happened a long time ago' is true.", 'Given that legends are history that happened a long time ago, it can be inferred that lizards are also very successful in catching the roach.', 'On the condition that the claim that if some people mistakenly believe that if some valves have metering rods- long stainless steel rods that move up and down in a small hole, then all corporate lawyers are persons with a social conscience, then aldosterone is secreted from the adrenal gland in the presence of increasing levels of potassium does not reflect reality, it is definitely the case that dogs have a much higher incidence of nasal sinus cancer than do people.', 'Some people mistakenly believe that dogs have a much higher incidence of nasal sinus cancer than do people.', 'We know that either camellias are hardy, but for extra protection, apply mulch and cover flower buds if frost threatens or it is not the case that lizards are also very successful in catching the roach.', 'It is not true that camellias are hardy, but for extra protection, apply mulch and cover flower buds if frost threatens.']
|
So long as aldosterone is secreted from the adrenal gland in the presence of increasing levels of potassium, 'legends are history that happened a long time ago' is true. Given that legends are history that happened a long time ago, it can be inferred that lizards are also very successful in catching the roach. On the condition that the claim that if some people mistakenly believe that if some valves have metering rods- long stainless steel rods that move up and down in a small hole, then all corporate lawyers are persons with a social conscience, then aldosterone is secreted from the adrenal gland in the presence of increasing levels of potassium does not reflect reality, it is definitely the case that dogs have a much higher incidence of nasal sinus cancer than do people. Some people mistakenly believe that dogs have a much higher incidence of nasal sinus cancer than do people. We know that either camellias are hardy, but for extra protection, apply mulch and cover flower buds if frost threatens or it is not the case that lizards are also very successful in catching the roach. It is not true that camellias are hardy, but for extra protection, apply mulch and cover flower buds if frost threatens.
|
One may reasonably assume that if some valves have metering rods- long stainless steel rods that move up and down in a small hole, then all corporate lawyers are persons with a social conscience.
|
The claim that if some valves have metering rods- long stainless steel rods that move up and down in a small hole, then all corporate lawyers are persons with a social conscience has no merit.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2]. [SC1-1]
Not [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [4]. [SC1-2]
If [4], then [2].
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [4].).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [4]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If [2], then [3].
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (Not [3].).
Not [6].
Therefore, Not [3]..
|
{0: 'Some valves have metering rods- long stainless steel rods that move up and down in a small hole.', 1: 'All corporate lawyers are persons with a social conscience.', 2: 'Legends are history that happened a long time ago.', 3: 'Lizards are also very successful in catching the roach.', 4: 'Aldosterone is secreted from the adrenal gland in the presence of increasing levels of potassium.', 5: 'Dogs have a much higher incidence of nasal sinus cancer than do people.', 6: 'Camellias are hardy, but for extra protection, apply mulch and cover flower buds if frost threatens.'}
| 5 |
4,753 |
["Should it be the case that water is, indeed, one of earth's most precious and most vulnerable to pollution, it follows that if either people often mistake symphylans for larger centipedes, which are often beneficial predators or love is the root and the life giving fluid circulating in the tree of our morality, then aquatic plants provide food, cover.", "The claim that water is, indeed, one of earth's most precious and most vulnerable to pollution is true.", 'Once we know rats have (part) piluses, we also know that either people often mistake symphylans for larger centipedes, which are often beneficial predators or love is the root and the life giving fluid circulating in the tree of our morality.', "If the claim that rats have (part) piluses has no merit, then the statement that 'individual nucleosides are made by attaching a nucleobase to a ribose sugar' is incorrect.", 'Assuming either yeast infections are also common in certain people with diabetes or close contact is the most important risk factor for acquiring infection, we know that if the claim that rats have (part) piluses has no merit, then individual nucleosides are made by attaching a nucleobase to a ribose sugar.', 'There is good reason to believe that either yeast infections are also common in certain people with diabetes or close contact is the most important risk factor for acquiring infection.']
|
Should it be the case that water is, indeed, one of earth's most precious and most vulnerable to pollution, it follows that if either people often mistake symphylans for larger centipedes, which are often beneficial predators or love is the root and the life giving fluid circulating in the tree of our morality, then aquatic plants provide food, cover. The claim that water is, indeed, one of earth's most precious and most vulnerable to pollution is true. Once we know rats have (part) piluses, we also know that either people often mistake symphylans for larger centipedes, which are often beneficial predators or love is the root and the life giving fluid circulating in the tree of our morality. If the claim that rats have (part) piluses has no merit, then the statement that 'individual nucleosides are made by attaching a nucleobase to a ribose sugar' is incorrect. Assuming either yeast infections are also common in certain people with diabetes or close contact is the most important risk factor for acquiring infection, we know that if the claim that rats have (part) piluses has no merit, then individual nucleosides are made by attaching a nucleobase to a ribose sugar. There is good reason to believe that either yeast infections are also common in certain people with diabetes or close contact is the most important risk factor for acquiring infection.
|
Those that suggest aquatic plants provide food, cover are right.
|
Those that suggest aquatic plants provide food, cover are right.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0]. [SC1-1]
Either [1] or [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].).
[3]
Therefore, If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (Either [1] or [2].).
[4] [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [4].), then [5]. [SC1-3]
If (Not [4].), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, [4].
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [6] or [7].), then (If (Not [4].), then [5].).
Either [6] or [7].
Therefore, If (Not [4].), then [5]..
|
{0: 'Aquatic plants provide food, cover.', 1: 'People often mistake symphylans for larger centipedes, which are often beneficial predators.', 2: 'Love is the root and the life giving fluid circulating in the tree of our morality.', 3: "Water is, indeed, one of earth's most precious and most vulnerable to pollution.", 4: 'Rats have (part) piluses.', 5: 'Individual nucleosides are made by attaching a nucleobase to a ribose sugar.', 6: 'Yeast infections are also common in certain people with diabetes .', 7: 'Close contact is the most important risk factor for acquiring infection.'}
| 5 |
4,624 |
['The idea that veins always carry deoxygenated blood in the adult animal is true.', 'There is good reason to believe that either bonnets are hats or some people bring their own eating utensil and plate to help the host or the environment.', 'Should it be the case that some people bring their own eating utensil and plate to help the host or the environment, it follows that if veins always carry deoxygenated blood in the adult animal, then every modern automobile relies on an onboard computer network with increasing numbers of devices.', 'Provided that lichens produce acids that decompose rocks, contributing to the production of soil, we know that snow falls, but it usually melts in a short time.', 'On the condition that snow falls, but it usually melts in a short time, it is definitely the case that if bonnets are hats, then if veins always carry deoxygenated blood in the adult animal, then every modern automobile relies on an onboard computer network with increasing numbers of devices.', 'It is rational to believe that either war destroys families and pits people against their own friends and relatives or overweight people are likely to be more sedentary than their slimmer peers.', 'Assuming war destroys families and pits people against their own friends and relatives, we know that lichens produce acids that decompose rocks, contributing to the production of soil.', 'Assuming overweight people are likely to be more sedentary than their slimmer peers, we know that lichens produce acids that decompose rocks, contributing to the production of soil.']
|
The idea that veins always carry deoxygenated blood in the adult animal is true. There is good reason to believe that either bonnets are hats or some people bring their own eating utensil and plate to help the host or the environment. Should it be the case that some people bring their own eating utensil and plate to help the host or the environment, it follows that if veins always carry deoxygenated blood in the adult animal, then every modern automobile relies on an onboard computer network with increasing numbers of devices. Provided that lichens produce acids that decompose rocks, contributing to the production of soil, we know that snow falls, but it usually melts in a short time. On the condition that snow falls, but it usually melts in a short time, it is definitely the case that if bonnets are hats, then if veins always carry deoxygenated blood in the adult animal, then every modern automobile relies on an onboard computer network with increasing numbers of devices. It is rational to believe that either war destroys families and pits people against their own friends and relatives or overweight people are likely to be more sedentary than their slimmer peers. Assuming war destroys families and pits people against their own friends and relatives, we know that lichens produce acids that decompose rocks, contributing to the production of soil. Assuming overweight people are likely to be more sedentary than their slimmer peers, we know that lichens produce acids that decompose rocks, contributing to the production of soil.
|
Those that suggest every modern automobile relies on an onboard computer network with increasing numbers of devices are right.
|
The statement 'every modern automobile relies on an onboard computer network with increasing numbers of devices' can be considered false.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (If [1], then [0].). [SC2-2]
If [3], then (If [1], then [0].).
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If [2], then (If [1], then [0].).). [SC1-3]
[4] [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [2], then (If [1], then [0].)..
[SC1-3]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [4], then [5].
If [5], then (If [2], then (If [1], then [0].).).
Therefore, If [4], then (If [2], then (If [1], then [0].).)..
[SC2-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then [4].
If [7], then [4].
Therefore, [4].
|
{0: 'Every modern automobile relies on an onboard computer network with increasing numbers of devices.', 1: 'Veins always carry deoxygenated blood in the adult animal.', 2: 'Bonnets are hats.', 3: 'Some people bring their own eating utensil and plate to help the host or the environment.', 4: 'Lichens produce acids that decompose rocks, contributing to the production of soil.', 5: 'Snow falls, but it usually melts in a short time.', 6: 'War destroys families and pits people against their own friends and relatives.', 7: 'Overweight people are likely to be more sedentary than their slimmer peers.'}
| 5 |
4,312 |
['It is a fact that either cycles also affect our health, particularly our hunger, reproduction, and sleep patterns or those that suggest either ear cartilage is used to build up the flat nose or red sea urchins have lifespans are wrong.', 'We know that either families sometimes are places of great pain and struggle or it is not true that cycles also affect our health, particularly our hunger, reproduction, and sleep patterns.', 'On the condition that it is not true that if families sometimes are places of great pain and struggle, then some beetles feed on grain, it is definitely the case that either meditation involves control of mind and mind is most unruly or gliders have (part) gasoline gages.', 'On the condition that it is not true that if families sometimes are places of great pain and struggle, then some beetles feed on grain, it is definitely the case that the claim that either meditation involves control of mind and mind is most unruly or gliders have (part) gasoline gages does not reflect reality.', 'Given that adoption is a family issue, it can be inferred that the claim that some beetles feed on grain has no merit.', 'It is rational to agree that adoption is a family issue.']
|
It is a fact that either cycles also affect our health, particularly our hunger, reproduction, and sleep patterns or those that suggest either ear cartilage is used to build up the flat nose or red sea urchins have lifespans are wrong. We know that either families sometimes are places of great pain and struggle or it is not true that cycles also affect our health, particularly our hunger, reproduction, and sleep patterns. On the condition that it is not true that if families sometimes are places of great pain and struggle, then some beetles feed on grain, it is definitely the case that either meditation involves control of mind and mind is most unruly or gliders have (part) gasoline gages. On the condition that it is not true that if families sometimes are places of great pain and struggle, then some beetles feed on grain, it is definitely the case that the claim that either meditation involves control of mind and mind is most unruly or gliders have (part) gasoline gages does not reflect reality. Given that adoption is a family issue, it can be inferred that the claim that some beetles feed on grain has no merit. It is rational to agree that adoption is a family issue.
|
Those that suggest either ear cartilage is used to build up the flat nose or red sea urchins have lifespans are wrong.
|
Those that suggest either ear cartilage is used to build up the flat nose or red sea urchins have lifespans are wrong.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (Not (Either [0] or [1].).).
Not [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (Not [2].).
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If [3], then [4]. [SC1-3]
Not [4]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, Not [3]..
[SC1-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [3], then [4].).), then (Either [6] or [7].).
If (Not (If [3], then [4].).), then (Not (Either [6] or [7].).).
Therefore, If [3], then [4]..
[SC2-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (Not [4].).
[5]
Therefore, Not [4]..
|
{0: 'Ear cartilage is used to build up the flat nose.', 1: 'Red sea urchins have lifespans.', 2: 'Cycles also affect our health, particularly our hunger, reproduction, and sleep patterns.', 3: 'Families sometimes are places of great pain and struggle.', 4: 'Some beetles feed on grain.', 5: 'Adoption is a family issue.', 6: 'Meditation involves control of mind and mind is most unruly.', 7: 'Gliders have (part) gasoline gages.'}
| 5 |
4,008 |
["Should it be the case that the statement that 'if quadrants are regions of the plane relative to the origin, then diner isa eater' is incorrect, it follows that kinship is bilateral, and inheritance follows consanguineal lines.", 'When diner isa eater is true, it follows that some people mistakenly believe that chisels are the most common tool used to roughen the soil and bring clods to the surface.', "So long as most weight trainers have normal metabolism, 'we know that the claim that kinship is bilateral, and inheritance follows consanguineal lines is false' is true.", 'The idea that most weight trainers have normal metabolism is true.', "Whenever it is true that diner isa eater, 'scientists propose explanations' is true.", 'Assuming scientists propose explanations, we know that chisels are the most common tool used to roughen the soil and bring clods to the surface.']
|
Should it be the case that the statement that 'if quadrants are regions of the plane relative to the origin, then diner isa eater' is incorrect, it follows that kinship is bilateral, and inheritance follows consanguineal lines. When diner isa eater is true, it follows that some people mistakenly believe that chisels are the most common tool used to roughen the soil and bring clods to the surface. So long as most weight trainers have normal metabolism, 'we know that the claim that kinship is bilateral, and inheritance follows consanguineal lines is false' is true. The idea that most weight trainers have normal metabolism is true. Whenever it is true that diner isa eater, 'scientists propose explanations' is true. Assuming scientists propose explanations, we know that chisels are the most common tool used to roughen the soil and bring clods to the surface.
|
The statement that states quadrants are regions of the plane relative to the origin is false.
|
The statement that states quadrants are regions of the plane relative to the origin is false.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2].
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (Not [2].).
[5]
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [1], then [3]. [SC1-2]
If [1], then (Not [3].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [4].
If [4], then [3].
Therefore, If [1], then [3]..
|
{0: 'Quadrants are regions of the plane relative to the origin.', 1: 'Diner isa eater.', 2: 'Kinship is bilateral, and inheritance follows consanguineal lines.', 3: 'Chisels are the most common tool used to roughen the soil and bring clods to the surface.', 4: 'Scientists propose explanations.', 5: 'Most weight trainers have normal metabolism.'}
| 5 |
4,529 |
["Provided that skewness is a measure of lack of symmetry of a distribution, we know that if the statement, some bacteria live without oxygen, but all known life forms require water, does not hold, then the notion that 'bees are beneficial insects because they produce honey and pollinate crops' is untrue.", 'It is reasonable to believe that skewness is a measure of lack of symmetry of a distribution.', 'At least one of two things is true: blokes have (part) necks, or if the statement, some bacteria live without oxygen, but all known life forms require water, does not hold, then forms are modules that have a graphical element.', "The statement 'blokes have (part) necks' can be considered false.", 'At least one of two things is true: economic freedom denotes the ability to choose where one earns, spends, borrows and invests money, or american goldfinches are small songbirds that eat seeds with their sharp beaks.', "Whenever it is true that economic freedom denotes the ability to choose where one earns, spends, borrows and invests money, 'if forms are modules that have a graphical element, then bees are beneficial insects because they produce honey and pollinate crops' is true.", "Whenever it is true that american goldfinches are small songbirds that eat seeds with their sharp beaks, 'if forms are modules that have a graphical element, then bees are beneficial insects because they produce honey and pollinate crops' is true."]
|
Provided that skewness is a measure of lack of symmetry of a distribution, we know that if the statement, some bacteria live without oxygen, but all known life forms require water, does not hold, then the notion that 'bees are beneficial insects because they produce honey and pollinate crops' is untrue. It is reasonable to believe that skewness is a measure of lack of symmetry of a distribution. At least one of two things is true: blokes have (part) necks, or if the statement, some bacteria live without oxygen, but all known life forms require water, does not hold, then forms are modules that have a graphical element. The statement 'blokes have (part) necks' can be considered false. At least one of two things is true: economic freedom denotes the ability to choose where one earns, spends, borrows and invests money, or american goldfinches are small songbirds that eat seeds with their sharp beaks. Whenever it is true that economic freedom denotes the ability to choose where one earns, spends, borrows and invests money, 'if forms are modules that have a graphical element, then bees are beneficial insects because they produce honey and pollinate crops' is true. Whenever it is true that american goldfinches are small songbirds that eat seeds with their sharp beaks, 'if forms are modules that have a graphical element, then bees are beneficial insects because they produce honey and pollinate crops' is true.
|
The claim that some bacteria live without oxygen, but all known life forms require water holds true.
|
The claim that some bacteria live without oxygen, but all known life forms require water holds true.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then [2]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then [1]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If (Not [0].), then [2].).
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (If [2], then [1].).
If [6], then (If [2], then [1].).
Therefore, If [2], then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).
[3]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Some bacteria live without oxygen, but all known life forms require water.', 1: 'Bees are beneficial insects because they produce honey and pollinate crops.', 2: 'Forms are modules that have a graphical element.', 3: 'Skewness is a measure of lack of symmetry of a distribution.', 4: 'Blokes have (part) necks.', 5: 'Economic freedom denotes the ability to choose where one earns, spends, borrows and invests money.', 6: 'American goldfinches are small songbirds that eat seeds with their sharp beaks.'}
| 5 |
4,876 |
['Assuming skilled labour is a scarce and complex commodity, we know that panic disorder is common in primary care.', 'If the statement, either snails feed on organic matter or some tetrapods have ancestors, does not hold, then pain relief is the major reason for the use of physical agents.', 'Some people mistakenly believe that pain relief is the major reason for the use of physical agents.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: shanghai is the chief producer of industrial goods, and a major export base in China as well, or if snails feed on organic matter, then if skilled labour is a scarce and complex commodity, then the statement that states panic disorder is common in primary care is false.', "The statement that 'shanghai is the chief producer of industrial goods, and a major export base in China as well' is incorrect.", 'On the condition that the claim that if some tetrapods have ancestors, then if skilled labour is a scarce and complex commodity, then the statement that states panic disorder is common in primary care is false has no merit, it is definitely the case that some occultists suggest everything can be similarly arranged into related opposite pairs.', 'The statement that states some occultists suggest everything can be similarly arranged into related opposite pairs is false.']
|
Assuming skilled labour is a scarce and complex commodity, we know that panic disorder is common in primary care. If the statement, either snails feed on organic matter or some tetrapods have ancestors, does not hold, then pain relief is the major reason for the use of physical agents. Some people mistakenly believe that pain relief is the major reason for the use of physical agents. We know that at least one of two things is true: shanghai is the chief producer of industrial goods, and a major export base in China as well, or if snails feed on organic matter, then if skilled labour is a scarce and complex commodity, then the statement that states panic disorder is common in primary care is false. The statement that 'shanghai is the chief producer of industrial goods, and a major export base in China as well' is incorrect. On the condition that the claim that if some tetrapods have ancestors, then if skilled labour is a scarce and complex commodity, then the statement that states panic disorder is common in primary care is false has no merit, it is definitely the case that some occultists suggest everything can be similarly arranged into related opposite pairs. The statement that states some occultists suggest everything can be similarly arranged into related opposite pairs is false.
|
Some people mistakenly believe that skilled labour is a scarce and complex commodity.
|
Some people mistakenly believe that skilled labour is a scarce and complex commodity.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then [1].
If [0], then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).). [SC2-2]
If [3], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).). [SC3-2]
Therefore, If [0], then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [2] or [3].).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If [2], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).).).
Not [4].
Therefore, If [2], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).)..
[SC3-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [3], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).).).), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, If [3], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).)..
|
{0: 'Skilled labour is a scarce and complex commodity.', 1: 'Panic disorder is common in primary care.', 2: 'Snails feed on organic matter.', 3: 'Some tetrapods have ancestors.', 4: 'Shanghai is the chief producer of industrial goods, and a major export base in China as well.', 5: 'Pain relief is the major reason for the use of physical agents.', 6: 'Some occultists suggest everything can be similarly arranged into related opposite pairs.'}
| 5 |
4,101 |
['We know that the claim that if wasps pollinate flowers, then television is based on photoelectric technology is false.', 'Provided that the claim that if we know that the claim that antibodies destroy pathogen is false, then it is not true that all animals have a common ancestor is false, we know that tuberculosis is caused by a bacteria, Mycobacteria tuberculosis .', 'Should it be the case that we know that the claim that if it is not the case that if we know that the claim that antibodies destroy pathogen is false, then all animals have a common ancestor, then if wasps pollinate flowers, then television is based on photoelectric technology is false, it follows that immortality is a thing without beginning or end.', 'If we know that the claim that if it is not the case that if we know that the claim that antibodies destroy pathogen is false, then all animals have a common ancestor, then if wasps pollinate flowers, then television is based on photoelectric technology is false, then the statement that states immortality is a thing without beginning or end is false.', 'It is a fact that either genes are found on long strands of DNA called chromosomes or it is a common misconception that tuberculosis is caused by a bacteria, Mycobacteria tuberculosis .', 'We know that the claim that genes are found on long strands of DNA called chromosomes is false.']
|
We know that the claim that if wasps pollinate flowers, then television is based on photoelectric technology is false. Provided that the claim that if we know that the claim that antibodies destroy pathogen is false, then it is not true that all animals have a common ancestor is false, we know that tuberculosis is caused by a bacteria, Mycobacteria tuberculosis . Should it be the case that we know that the claim that if it is not the case that if we know that the claim that antibodies destroy pathogen is false, then all animals have a common ancestor, then if wasps pollinate flowers, then television is based on photoelectric technology is false, it follows that immortality is a thing without beginning or end. If we know that the claim that if it is not the case that if we know that the claim that antibodies destroy pathogen is false, then all animals have a common ancestor, then if wasps pollinate flowers, then television is based on photoelectric technology is false, then the statement that states immortality is a thing without beginning or end is false. It is a fact that either genes are found on long strands of DNA called chromosomes or it is a common misconception that tuberculosis is caused by a bacteria, Mycobacteria tuberculosis . We know that the claim that genes are found on long strands of DNA called chromosomes is false.
|
It is true that antibodies destroy pathogen.
|
Those that suggest antibodies destroy pathogen are wrong.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (If [3], then [4].). [SC1-2]
Not (If [3], then [4].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (If [3], then [4].).).), then [6].
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (If [3], then [4].).).), then (Not [6].).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (If [3], then [4].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then [2].
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (Not [2].).
Not [5].
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Antibodies destroy pathogen.', 1: 'All animals have a common ancestor.', 2: 'Tuberculosis is caused by a bacteria, Mycobacteria tuberculosis .', 3: 'Wasps pollinate flowers.', 4: 'Television is based on photoelectric technology.', 5: 'Genes are found on long strands of DNA called chromosomes.', 6: 'Immortality is a thing without beginning or end.'}
| 5 |
4,615 |
['It is a common misconception that inflammation is a process involving a complex cellular response to adversity.', 'Should it be the case that it is not the case that either if activities use technology, then some red pandas live in mountains or if the claim that treasure Hunts Learn how to search while having fun on the Internet has no merit, then inflammation is a process involving a complex cellular response to adversity, it follows that baobabs have (part) cell membranes.', 'When it is not the case that either if activities use technology, then some red pandas live in mountains or if the claim that treasure Hunts Learn how to search while having fun on the Internet has no merit, then inflammation is a process involving a complex cellular response to adversity is true, it follows that it is not true that baobabs have (part) cell membranes.', 'Should it be the case that if activities use technology, then some red pandas live in mountains, it follows that electronic commerce is defined as sales over the Internet, with or without on-line payment.', "Once we know if activities use technology, then some red pandas live in mountains, we also know that classroom management is a way to assess children's behavior in positive ways.", "When classroom management is a way to assess children's behavior in positive ways is true, it follows that it is a common misconception that electronic commerce is defined as sales over the Internet, with or without on-line payment."]
|
It is a common misconception that inflammation is a process involving a complex cellular response to adversity. Should it be the case that it is not the case that either if activities use technology, then some red pandas live in mountains or if the claim that treasure Hunts Learn how to search while having fun on the Internet has no merit, then inflammation is a process involving a complex cellular response to adversity, it follows that baobabs have (part) cell membranes. When it is not the case that either if activities use technology, then some red pandas live in mountains or if the claim that treasure Hunts Learn how to search while having fun on the Internet has no merit, then inflammation is a process involving a complex cellular response to adversity is true, it follows that it is not true that baobabs have (part) cell membranes. Should it be the case that if activities use technology, then some red pandas live in mountains, it follows that electronic commerce is defined as sales over the Internet, with or without on-line payment. Once we know if activities use technology, then some red pandas live in mountains, we also know that classroom management is a way to assess children's behavior in positive ways. When classroom management is a way to assess children's behavior in positive ways is true, it follows that it is a common misconception that electronic commerce is defined as sales over the Internet, with or without on-line payment.
|
The statement 'treasure Hunts Learn how to search while having fun on the Internet' is true.
|
The notion that 'treasure Hunts Learn how to search while having fun on the Internet' is untrue.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [2], then [3].) or (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC1-2]
Not (If [2], then [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either (If [2], then [3].) or (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).), then [5].
If (Not (Either (If [2], then [3].) or (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, Either (If [2], then [3].) or (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (If [2], then [3].), then [4].
If (If [2], then [3].), then (Not [4].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, Not (If [2], then [3].)..
[SC2-3]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (If [2], then [3].), then [6].
If [6], then (Not [4].).
Therefore, If (If [2], then [3].), then (Not [4].)..
|
{0: 'Treasure Hunts Learn how to search while having fun on the Internet.', 1: 'Inflammation is a process involving a complex cellular response to adversity.', 2: 'Activities use technology.', 3: 'Some red pandas live in mountains.', 4: 'Electronic commerce is defined as sales over the Internet, with or without on-line payment.', 5: 'Baobabs have (part) cell membranes.', 6: "Classroom management is a way to assess children's behavior in positive ways."}
| 5 |
4,520 |
['Either if electrical outlets are electrical components, then stress is caused by the inner self being constricted, being forced into a box or either business makes good faith effort or crack isa gap.', 'It is not the case that if electrical outlets are electrical components, then stress is caused by the inner self being constricted, being forced into a box.', 'Should it be the case that business makes good faith effort, it follows that rotifers can reproduce in a variety of ways.', 'When crack isa gap is true, it follows that polymorphism is one powerful mechanism for genericity.', "Assuming polymorphism is one powerful mechanism for genericity, we know that the notion that 'most genetic diseases have effects' is untrue.", "If it is a common misconception that if rotifers can reproduce in a variety of ways, then the notion that 'most genetic diseases have effects' is untrue, then statements support facts.", "Once we know it is a common misconception that if rotifers can reproduce in a variety of ways, then the notion that 'most genetic diseases have effects' is untrue, we also know that the notion that 'statements support facts' is untrue."]
|
Either if electrical outlets are electrical components, then stress is caused by the inner self being constricted, being forced into a box or either business makes good faith effort or crack isa gap. It is not the case that if electrical outlets are electrical components, then stress is caused by the inner self being constricted, being forced into a box. Should it be the case that business makes good faith effort, it follows that rotifers can reproduce in a variety of ways. When crack isa gap is true, it follows that polymorphism is one powerful mechanism for genericity. Assuming polymorphism is one powerful mechanism for genericity, we know that the notion that 'most genetic diseases have effects' is untrue. If it is a common misconception that if rotifers can reproduce in a variety of ways, then the notion that 'most genetic diseases have effects' is untrue, then statements support facts. Once we know it is a common misconception that if rotifers can reproduce in a variety of ways, then the notion that 'most genetic diseases have effects' is untrue, we also know that the notion that 'statements support facts' is untrue.
|
The notion that 'most genetic diseases have effects' is untrue.
|
The statement 'genetic diseases can also arise from an abnormal number or arrangement of chromosomes' can be considered false.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [4], then [5].) or (Either [1] or [2].).
Not (If [4], then [5].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [3].
If [3], then (Not [0].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [3], then (Not [0].).).), then [7].
If (Not (If [3], then (Not [0].).).), then (Not [7].).
Therefore, If [3], then (Not [0].)..
[SC3-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [6].
If [6], then (Not [0].).
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [0].)..
|
{0: 'Most genetic diseases have effects.', 1: 'Business makes good faith effort.', 2: 'Crack isa gap.', 3: 'Rotifers can reproduce in a variety of ways.', 4: 'Electrical outlets are electrical components.', 5: 'Stress is caused by the inner self being constricted, being forced into a box.', 6: 'Polymorphism is one powerful mechanism for genericity.', 7: 'Statements support facts.'}
| 5 |
4,249 |
["The statement 'most proteins come from fresh meat' can be considered false.", 'Once we know it is not true that if lactose intolerance is diseases, then malignant melanoma is the most common malignant eye tumor, we also know that skin infection leads to health problems.', "Assuming it is not the case that if the statement that 'if if lactose intolerance is diseases, then malignant melanoma is the most common malignant eye tumor, then if chemical control involves the judicious use of pesticides, then some roots take up substances' is incorrect, then most proteins come from fresh meat, we know that many developmental processes are only active or more active in the fetus or young child.", 'Some people mistakenly believe that many developmental processes are only active or more active in the fetus or young child.', "If the claim that if it is not true that if lactose intolerance is diseases, then malignant melanoma is the most common malignant eye tumor, then we know that the claim that skin infection leads to health problems is false has no merit, then soybean oil accounts for approximately one-third of the world's annual edible oil production.", "Some people mistakenly believe that soybean oil accounts for approximately one-third of the world's annual edible oil production."]
|
The statement 'most proteins come from fresh meat' can be considered false. Once we know it is not true that if lactose intolerance is diseases, then malignant melanoma is the most common malignant eye tumor, we also know that skin infection leads to health problems. Assuming it is not the case that if the statement that 'if if lactose intolerance is diseases, then malignant melanoma is the most common malignant eye tumor, then if chemical control involves the judicious use of pesticides, then some roots take up substances' is incorrect, then most proteins come from fresh meat, we know that many developmental processes are only active or more active in the fetus or young child. Some people mistakenly believe that many developmental processes are only active or more active in the fetus or young child. If the claim that if it is not true that if lactose intolerance is diseases, then malignant melanoma is the most common malignant eye tumor, then we know that the claim that skin infection leads to health problems is false has no merit, then soybean oil accounts for approximately one-third of the world's annual edible oil production. Some people mistakenly believe that soybean oil accounts for approximately one-third of the world's annual edible oil production.
|
Assuming chemical control involves the judicious use of pesticides, we know that some roots take up substances.
|
When chemical control continues to be a mainstay in preventing crop damage is true, it follows that some roots take up substances.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If (If [2], then [3].), then (If [0], then [1].). [SC1-1]
If [2], then [3]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (If [2], then [3].), then (If [0], then [1].).).), then [4]. [SC1-2]
Not [4].
Therefore, If (If [2], then [3].), then (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If (If [2], then [3].), then (If [0], then [1].).).), then [4].).), then [7].
Not [7].
Therefore, If (Not (If (If [2], then [3].), then (If [0], then [1].).).), then [4]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [2], then [3].).), then [5].
If (Not (If [2], then [3].).), then (Not [5].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [2], then [3]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If [2], then [3].).), then (Not [5].).).), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, If (Not (If [2], then [3].).), then (Not [5].)..
|
{0: 'Chemical control involves the judicious use of pesticides.', 1: 'Some roots take up substances.', 2: 'Lactose intolerance is diseases.', 3: 'Malignant melanoma is the most common malignant eye tumor.', 4: 'Most proteins come from fresh meat.', 5: 'Skin infection leads to health problems.', 6: "Soybean oil accounts for approximately one-third of the world's annual edible oil production.", 7: 'Many developmental processes are only active or more active in the fetus or young child.'}
| 5 |
4,278 |
['Assuming lorikeets belong to the parrot family which includes cockatoos, budgerigars and rosellas, we know that it is a common misconception that sediment transport maintains high diatom abundance in dense deposit feeder patches.', 'Some people mistakenly believe that infant baptism reflects the message of the gospel.', 'Given that it is not the case that lorikeets belong to the parrot family which includes cockatoos, budgerigars and rosellas, it can be inferred that anemia can be a party of the clinical presentation of inflammatory bowel disease.', "When anemia can be a party of the clinical presentation of inflammatory bowel disease is true, it follows that the statement 'most movement disorders are chronic and progressively disabling' can be considered false.", 'When the statement, either infant baptism reflects the message of the gospel or if it is not the case that lorikeets belong to the parrot family which includes cockatoos, budgerigars and rosellas, then most movement disorders are chronic and progressively disabling, does not hold is true, it follows that levels decrease growth.', "The statement 'levels decrease growth' can be considered false."]
|
Assuming lorikeets belong to the parrot family which includes cockatoos, budgerigars and rosellas, we know that it is a common misconception that sediment transport maintains high diatom abundance in dense deposit feeder patches. Some people mistakenly believe that infant baptism reflects the message of the gospel. Given that it is not the case that lorikeets belong to the parrot family which includes cockatoos, budgerigars and rosellas, it can be inferred that anemia can be a party of the clinical presentation of inflammatory bowel disease. When anemia can be a party of the clinical presentation of inflammatory bowel disease is true, it follows that the statement 'most movement disorders are chronic and progressively disabling' can be considered false. When the statement, either infant baptism reflects the message of the gospel or if it is not the case that lorikeets belong to the parrot family which includes cockatoos, budgerigars and rosellas, then most movement disorders are chronic and progressively disabling, does not hold is true, it follows that levels decrease growth. The statement 'levels decrease growth' can be considered false.
|
It is a common misconception that sediment transport maintains high diatom abundance in dense deposit feeder patches.
|
The claim that sediment transport maintains high diatom abundance in dense deposit feeder patches is true.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then (Not [0].).
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [1].), then [2]. [SC1-2]
If (Not [1].), then (Not [2].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, [1].
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If (Not [1].), then [2].). [SC1-3]
Not [3].
Therefore, If (Not [1].), then [2]..
[SC1-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [3] or (If (Not [1].), then [2].).).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, Either [3] or (If (Not [1].), then [2].)..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [1].), then [4].
If [4], then (Not [2].).
Therefore, If (Not [1].), then (Not [2].)..
|
{0: 'Sediment transport maintains high diatom abundance in dense deposit feeder patches.', 1: 'Lorikeets belong to the parrot family which includes cockatoos, budgerigars and rosellas.', 2: 'Most movement disorders are chronic and progressively disabling.', 3: 'Infant baptism reflects the message of the gospel.', 4: 'Anemia can be a party of the clinical presentation of inflammatory bowel disease.', 5: 'Levels decrease growth.'}
| 5 |
4,424 |
["Should it be the case that the statement that 'if the claim that fossorial forms are diggers, usually living in burrows does not correspond with reality, then hexavalent chromium is a know allergen to some people' is incorrect, it follows that the statement 'computers can isolate people' can be considered false.", 'At least one of two things is true: human beings have good days and bad days, and have impulses, or it is a common misconception that hexavalent chromium is a know allergen to some people.', 'It is a common misconception that human beings have good days and bad days, and have impulses.', "Given that the statement, if the statement that 'if the claim that fossorial forms are diggers, usually living in burrows does not correspond with reality, then hexavalent chromium is a know allergen to some people' is incorrect, then computers can isolate people, does not hold, it can be inferred that energy uses motors.", 'Either business administration has a long tradition in Germany and Europe or if murder is a homicide done unlawfully and with malice aforethought, then value refers to a quality of an object that satisfies a desire of tile subject.', "So long as business administration has a long tradition in Germany and Europe, 'it is not true that energy uses motors' is true.", 'Provided that if murder is a homicide done unlawfully and with malice aforethought, then value refers to a quality of an object that satisfies a desire of tile subject, we know that it is not true that energy uses motors.']
|
Should it be the case that the statement that 'if the claim that fossorial forms are diggers, usually living in burrows does not correspond with reality, then hexavalent chromium is a know allergen to some people' is incorrect, it follows that the statement 'computers can isolate people' can be considered false. At least one of two things is true: human beings have good days and bad days, and have impulses, or it is a common misconception that hexavalent chromium is a know allergen to some people. It is a common misconception that human beings have good days and bad days, and have impulses. Given that the statement, if the statement that 'if the claim that fossorial forms are diggers, usually living in burrows does not correspond with reality, then hexavalent chromium is a know allergen to some people' is incorrect, then computers can isolate people, does not hold, it can be inferred that energy uses motors. Either business administration has a long tradition in Germany and Europe or if murder is a homicide done unlawfully and with malice aforethought, then value refers to a quality of an object that satisfies a desire of tile subject. So long as business administration has a long tradition in Germany and Europe, 'it is not true that energy uses motors' is true. Provided that if murder is a homicide done unlawfully and with malice aforethought, then value refers to a quality of an object that satisfies a desire of tile subject, we know that it is not true that energy uses motors.
|
fossorial forms are diggers, usually living in burrows.
|
Fossorial forms are diggers, usually living in burrows.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [2].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2].).), then [4].
Not [4]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2]..
[SC2-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or (If [6], then [7].).
If [5], then (Not [4].).
If (If [6], then [7].), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, Not [4]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (Not [1].).
Not [3].
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Fossorial forms are diggers, usually living in burrows.', 1: 'Hexavalent chromium is a know allergen to some people.', 2: 'Computers can isolate people.', 3: 'Human beings have good days and bad days, and have impulses.', 4: 'Energy uses motors.', 5: 'Business administration has a long tradition in Germany and Europe.', 6: 'Murder is a homicide done unlawfully and with malice aforethought.', 7: 'Value refers to a quality of an object that satisfies a desire of tile subject.'}
| 5 |
4,384 |
['We know that at least one of two things is true: scientists study courtship behavior, or mites feed on crop weeds.', 'Should it be the case that autonomy is an instrument for cultural survival and national cohesion, it follows that if scientists study courtship behavior, then either hydroxyl radicals are chemical compounds or most turtles occur in habitats.', 'The claim that autonomy is an instrument for cultural survival and national cohesion holds true.', 'We can assume that plants are ready for unflasking when they have several pairs of leaves and strong and healthy roots.', 'It is the case that adolescence is an important time to intervene and try to support healthy behaviors.', 'Assuming the claim that if adolescence is an important time to intervene and try to support healthy behaviors, then if plants are ready for unflasking when they have several pairs of leaves and strong and healthy roots, then if mites feed on crop weeds, then either hydroxyl radicals are chemical compounds or most turtles occur in habitats does not reflect reality, we know that elk change behavior.', 'When the claim that if adolescence is an important time to intervene and try to support healthy behaviors, then if plants are ready for unflasking when they have several pairs of leaves and strong and healthy roots, then if mites feed on crop weeds, then either hydroxyl radicals are chemical compounds or most turtles occur in habitats does not reflect reality is true, it follows that we know that the claim that elk change behavior is false.']
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: scientists study courtship behavior, or mites feed on crop weeds. Should it be the case that autonomy is an instrument for cultural survival and national cohesion, it follows that if scientists study courtship behavior, then either hydroxyl radicals are chemical compounds or most turtles occur in habitats. The claim that autonomy is an instrument for cultural survival and national cohesion holds true. We can assume that plants are ready for unflasking when they have several pairs of leaves and strong and healthy roots. It is the case that adolescence is an important time to intervene and try to support healthy behaviors. Assuming the claim that if adolescence is an important time to intervene and try to support healthy behaviors, then if plants are ready for unflasking when they have several pairs of leaves and strong and healthy roots, then if mites feed on crop weeds, then either hydroxyl radicals are chemical compounds or most turtles occur in habitats does not reflect reality, we know that elk change behavior. When the claim that if adolescence is an important time to intervene and try to support healthy behaviors, then if plants are ready for unflasking when they have several pairs of leaves and strong and healthy roots, then if mites feed on crop weeds, then either hydroxyl radicals are chemical compounds or most turtles occur in habitats does not reflect reality is true, it follows that we know that the claim that elk change behavior is false.
|
At least one of two things is true: hydroxyl radicals are chemical compounds, or most turtles occur in habitats.
|
At least one of two things is true: hydroxyl radicals are chemical compounds, or most turtles occur in habitats.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (Either [0] or [1].). [SC2-1]
If [3], then (Either [0] or [1].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (If [2], then (Either [0] or [1].).).
[5]
Therefore, If [2], then (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC3-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If [3], then (Either [0] or [1].).). [SC1-2]
[4]
Therefore, If [3], then (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If [4], then (If [3], then (Either [0] or [1].).).). [SC1-3]
[6]
Therefore, If [4], then (If [3], then (Either [0] or [1].).)..
[SC1-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [6], then (If [4], then (If [3], then (Either [0] or [1].).).).).), then [7].
If (Not (If [6], then (If [4], then (If [3], then (Either [0] or [1].).).).).), then (Not [7].).
Therefore, If [6], then (If [4], then (If [3], then (Either [0] or [1].).).)..
|
{0: 'Hydroxyl radicals are chemical compounds.', 1: 'Most turtles occur in habitats.', 2: 'Scientists study courtship behavior.', 3: 'Mites feed on crop weeds.', 4: 'Plants are ready for unflasking when they have several pairs of leaves and strong and healthy roots.', 5: 'Autonomy is an instrument for cultural survival and national cohesion.', 6: 'Adolescence is an important time to intervene and try to support healthy behaviors.', 7: 'Elk change behavior.'}
| 5 |
4,395 |
['There is good reason to believe that either electronic equipment contains tiny microprocessors that keep track of time or if disposition is the decisions and processes of transporting a migrant to a location ashore, then few seeds rot in the desert environment, but many are lost to seed predators, particularly rodents.', 'It is a fact that either albumens have (part) atoms or most japanese beetles become plant pests.', 'Should it be the case that albumens have (part) atoms, it follows that the claim that few seeds rot in the desert environment, but many are lost to seed predators, particularly rodents does not reflect reality.', 'Should it be the case that most japanese beetles become plant pests, it follows that the claim that few seeds rot in the desert environment, but many are lost to seed predators, particularly rodents does not reflect reality.', 'It is not the case that if back pain is pervasive in our society, then batteries have electricity.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: some gardeners prefer the young, tender leaves and cut the inner rosette of young growth, or if electronic equipment contains tiny microprocessors that keep track of time, then if back pain is pervasive in our society, then batteries have electricity.', 'The statement, some gardeners prefer the young, tender leaves and cut the inner rosette of young growth, does not hold.']
|
There is good reason to believe that either electronic equipment contains tiny microprocessors that keep track of time or if disposition is the decisions and processes of transporting a migrant to a location ashore, then few seeds rot in the desert environment, but many are lost to seed predators, particularly rodents. It is a fact that either albumens have (part) atoms or most japanese beetles become plant pests. Should it be the case that albumens have (part) atoms, it follows that the claim that few seeds rot in the desert environment, but many are lost to seed predators, particularly rodents does not reflect reality. Should it be the case that most japanese beetles become plant pests, it follows that the claim that few seeds rot in the desert environment, but many are lost to seed predators, particularly rodents does not reflect reality. It is not the case that if back pain is pervasive in our society, then batteries have electricity. Either one or both of these statements are true: some gardeners prefer the young, tender leaves and cut the inner rosette of young growth, or if electronic equipment contains tiny microprocessors that keep track of time, then if back pain is pervasive in our society, then batteries have electricity. The statement, some gardeners prefer the young, tender leaves and cut the inner rosette of young growth, does not hold.
|
The statement 'disposition is the decisions and processes of transporting a migrant to a location ashore' can be considered false.
|
It is not the case that dispositions are nature.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (If [0], then [1].).
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If [2], then (If [5], then [6].). [SC1-3]
Not (If [5], then [6].).
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC1-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [7] or (If [2], then (If [5], then [6].).).
Not [7].
Therefore, If [2], then (If [5], then [6].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4].
If [3], then (Not [1].).
If [4], then (Not [1].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Disposition is the decisions and processes of transporting a migrant to a location ashore.', 1: 'Few seeds rot in the desert environment, but many are lost to seed predators, particularly rodents.', 2: 'Electronic equipment contains tiny microprocessors that keep track of time.', 3: 'Albumens have (part) atoms.', 4: 'Most japanese beetles become plant pests.', 5: 'Back pain is pervasive in our society.', 6: 'Batteries have electricity.', 7: 'Some gardeners prefer the young, tender leaves and cut the inner rosette of young growth.'}
| 5 |
4,054 |
['At least one of two things is true: if some moths build cases, then young birds resemble non-breeding birds, or either doctors test samples or glial cells support the neurons.', 'The claim that if some moths build cases, then young birds resemble non-breeding birds does not correspond with reality.', 'Should it be the case that temp is a text file found in the text folder, it follows that if doctors test samples, then those that suggest phoronids follow one of two types of reproductive strategy are wrong.', "The statement 'temp is a text file found in the text folder' can be considered true.", 'One may reasonably assume that if some people mistakenly believe that if glial cells support the neurons, then those that suggest phoronids follow one of two types of reproductive strategy are wrong, then evolution is also a number of theories which seek to explain how evolution takes place.', 'If tigers are masters of voice control, flow and tone, then it is not true that evolution is also a number of theories which seek to explain how evolution takes place.', "The statement 'tigers are masters of voice control, flow and tone' can be considered true."]
|
At least one of two things is true: if some moths build cases, then young birds resemble non-breeding birds, or either doctors test samples or glial cells support the neurons. The claim that if some moths build cases, then young birds resemble non-breeding birds does not correspond with reality. Should it be the case that temp is a text file found in the text folder, it follows that if doctors test samples, then those that suggest phoronids follow one of two types of reproductive strategy are wrong. The statement 'temp is a text file found in the text folder' can be considered true. One may reasonably assume that if some people mistakenly believe that if glial cells support the neurons, then those that suggest phoronids follow one of two types of reproductive strategy are wrong, then evolution is also a number of theories which seek to explain how evolution takes place. If tigers are masters of voice control, flow and tone, then it is not true that evolution is also a number of theories which seek to explain how evolution takes place. The statement 'tigers are masters of voice control, flow and tone' can be considered true.
|
Those that suggest phoronids follow one of two types of reproductive strategy are wrong.
|
It is not true that phoronids are worm-shaped , but with a gut that loops and exits the body near the mouth .
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [5], then [6].) or (Either [1] or [2].).
Not (If [5], then [6].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).
[4]
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC3-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then (Not [0].).).), then [3].
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [7], then (Not [3].).
[7]
Therefore, Not [3]..
|
{0: 'Phoronids follow one of two types of reproductive strategy .', 1: 'Doctors test samples.', 2: 'Glial cells support the neurons.', 3: 'Evolution is also a number of theories which seek to explain how evolution takes place.', 4: 'Temp is a text file found in the text folder.', 5: 'Some moths build cases.', 6: 'Young birds resemble non-breeding birds.', 7: 'Tigers are masters of voice control, flow and tone.'}
| 5 |
4,034 |
['It is a common misconception that cybernetic feedback makes systems adapt directly to their environment.', "Whenever it is true that manganese sulfate is used in paint and varnish dryer, and in some fertilizers, 'if the statement, footwear allows people to walk on rough surfaces such as gravel roads without hurting their feet, does not hold, then the statement that states monocytes have a kidney bean shaped center and lots of cytoplasm is false' is true.", 'Should it be the case that we know that the claim that either cybernetic feedback makes systems adapt directly to their environment or if the statement, footwear allows people to walk on rough surfaces such as gravel roads without hurting their feet, does not hold, then monocytes have a kidney bean shaped center and lots of cytoplasm is false, it follows that people are social beings more than individuals.', 'The statement that states people are social beings more than individuals is false.', 'Once we know it is a common misconception that manganese sulfate is used in paint and varnish dryer, and in some fertilizers, we also know that new teeth grow to replace lost ones.', 'Provided that it is a common misconception that manganese sulfate is used in paint and varnish dryer, and in some fertilizers, we know that it is not true that new teeth grow to replace lost ones.']
|
It is a common misconception that cybernetic feedback makes systems adapt directly to their environment. Whenever it is true that manganese sulfate is used in paint and varnish dryer, and in some fertilizers, 'if the statement, footwear allows people to walk on rough surfaces such as gravel roads without hurting their feet, does not hold, then the statement that states monocytes have a kidney bean shaped center and lots of cytoplasm is false' is true. Should it be the case that we know that the claim that either cybernetic feedback makes systems adapt directly to their environment or if the statement, footwear allows people to walk on rough surfaces such as gravel roads without hurting their feet, does not hold, then monocytes have a kidney bean shaped center and lots of cytoplasm is false, it follows that people are social beings more than individuals. The statement that states people are social beings more than individuals is false. Once we know it is a common misconception that manganese sulfate is used in paint and varnish dryer, and in some fertilizers, we also know that new teeth grow to replace lost ones. Provided that it is a common misconception that manganese sulfate is used in paint and varnish dryer, and in some fertilizers, we know that it is not true that new teeth grow to replace lost ones.
|
It is the case that footwear allows people to walk on rough surfaces such as gravel roads without hurting their feet.
|
Footwear has (part) sections.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC1-2]
Not [2].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [2] or (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, Either [2] or (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).
[3] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [3].), then [5].
If (Not [3].), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, [3].
|
{0: 'Footwear allows people to walk on rough surfaces such as gravel roads without hurting their feet.', 1: 'Monocytes have a kidney bean shaped center and lots of cytoplasm.', 2: 'Cybernetic feedback makes systems adapt directly to their environment.', 3: 'Manganese sulfate is used in paint and varnish dryer, and in some fertilizers.', 4: 'People are social beings more than individuals.', 5: 'New teeth grow to replace lost ones.'}
| 5 |
4,271 |
["The notion that 'paleolithic tools indicate early habitation, though the routes of migration are obscure' is untrue.", "When the statement, either vocables are sounds replacing words so singers of various tribes can sing together or if children pick up language skills by hearing and playing with words, then some gases are produced by humans, does not hold is true, it follows that either studies show beets' concentration of phytonutrients, such as betalains, is diminished by heat or bulk registration is the ability to register multiple domains in one transaction.", "On the condition that the statement, either vocables are sounds replacing words so singers of various tribes can sing together or if children pick up language skills by hearing and playing with words, then some gases are produced by humans, does not hold, it is definitely the case that the statement that 'either studies show beets' concentration of phytonutrients, such as betalains, is diminished by heat or bulk registration is the ability to register multiple domains in one transaction' is incorrect.", 'Assuming the claim that if vocables are sounds replacing words so singers of various tribes can sing together, then if the claim that food is chewed and swallowed before it travels down the esophagus to the stomach is false, then paleolithic tools indicate early habitation, though the routes of migration are obscure does not correspond with reality, we know that plants are highly variable with many regional biotypes.', 'We know that the claim that plants are highly variable with many regional biotypes is false.', 'If the statement that states if if children pick up language skills by hearing and playing with words, then some gases are produced by humans, then if the claim that food is chewed and swallowed before it travels down the esophagus to the stomach is false, then paleolithic tools indicate early habitation, though the routes of migration are obscure is false, then calcium chloride attracts water well, sodium chloride slightly less so.', "So long as the statement that states if if children pick up language skills by hearing and playing with words, then some gases are produced by humans, then if the claim that food is chewed and swallowed before it travels down the esophagus to the stomach is false, then paleolithic tools indicate early habitation, though the routes of migration are obscure is false, 'we know that the claim that calcium chloride attracts water well, sodium chloride slightly less so is false' is true."]
|
The notion that 'paleolithic tools indicate early habitation, though the routes of migration are obscure' is untrue. When the statement, either vocables are sounds replacing words so singers of various tribes can sing together or if children pick up language skills by hearing and playing with words, then some gases are produced by humans, does not hold is true, it follows that either studies show beets' concentration of phytonutrients, such as betalains, is diminished by heat or bulk registration is the ability to register multiple domains in one transaction. On the condition that the statement, either vocables are sounds replacing words so singers of various tribes can sing together or if children pick up language skills by hearing and playing with words, then some gases are produced by humans, does not hold, it is definitely the case that the statement that 'either studies show beets' concentration of phytonutrients, such as betalains, is diminished by heat or bulk registration is the ability to register multiple domains in one transaction' is incorrect. Assuming the claim that if vocables are sounds replacing words so singers of various tribes can sing together, then if the claim that food is chewed and swallowed before it travels down the esophagus to the stomach is false, then paleolithic tools indicate early habitation, though the routes of migration are obscure does not correspond with reality, we know that plants are highly variable with many regional biotypes. We know that the claim that plants are highly variable with many regional biotypes is false. If the statement that states if if children pick up language skills by hearing and playing with words, then some gases are produced by humans, then if the claim that food is chewed and swallowed before it travels down the esophagus to the stomach is false, then paleolithic tools indicate early habitation, though the routes of migration are obscure is false, then calcium chloride attracts water well, sodium chloride slightly less so. So long as the statement that states if if children pick up language skills by hearing and playing with words, then some gases are produced by humans, then if the claim that food is chewed and swallowed before it travels down the esophagus to the stomach is false, then paleolithic tools indicate early habitation, though the routes of migration are obscure is false, 'we know that the claim that calcium chloride attracts water well, sodium chloride slightly less so is false' is true.
|
It is fair to say that food is chewed and swallowed before it travels down the esophagus to the stomach .
|
The statement 'food is chewed and swallowed before it travels down the esophagus to the stomach ' can be considered false.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or (If [3], then [4].). [SC1-2]
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC2-2]
If (If [3], then [4].), then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [2] or (If [3], then [4].).).), then (Either [6] or [7].).
If (Not (Either [2] or (If [3], then [4].).).), then (Not (Either [6] or [7].).).
Therefore, Either [2] or (If [3], then [4].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC3-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (If [3], then [4].), then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).), then [8].
If (Not (If (If [3], then [4].), then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).), then (Not [8].).
Therefore, If (If [3], then [4].), then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
|
{0: 'Food is chewed and swallowed before it travels down the esophagus to the stomach .', 1: 'Paleolithic tools indicate early habitation, though the routes of migration are obscure.', 2: 'Vocables are sounds replacing words so singers of various tribes can sing together.', 3: 'Children pick up language skills by hearing and playing with words.', 4: 'Some gases are produced by humans.', 5: 'Plants are highly variable with many regional biotypes.', 6: "Studies show beets' concentration of phytonutrients, such as betalains, is diminished by heat.", 7: 'Bulk registration is the ability to register multiple domains in one transaction.', 8: 'Calcium chloride attracts water well, sodium chloride slightly less so.'}
| 5 |
4,030 |
['It is rational to believe that either cannibalism is rare or safe neighborhoods mean safe schools.', "Whenever it is true that safe neighborhoods mean safe schools, 'most volcanoes are inactive most of the time, and thus are no warmer than non-volcanic mountains' is true.", 'Given that albumens have (part) chemical groups, it can be inferred that either government employees have no minimum wage or women suffer twice as much as men.', 'Those that suggest albumens have (part) chemical groups are right.', "So long as the claim that if government employees have no minimum wage, then if cannibalism is rare, then most volcanoes are inactive most of the time, and thus are no warmer than non-volcanic mountains is false, 'friends groups are groups of citizens with an interest in a particular state park' is true.", "The statement 'friends groups are groups of citizens with an interest in a particular state park' can be considered false.", 'One may reasonably assume that if it is not the case that if women suffer twice as much as men, then if cannibalism is rare, then most volcanoes are inactive most of the time, and thus are no warmer than non-volcanic mountains, then if theories provide subtle insight, then most female gazelles have horns.', 'If it is not the case that if women suffer twice as much as men, then if cannibalism is rare, then most volcanoes are inactive most of the time, and thus are no warmer than non-volcanic mountains, then the statement, if theories provide subtle insight, then most female gazelles have horns, does not hold.']
|
It is rational to believe that either cannibalism is rare or safe neighborhoods mean safe schools. Whenever it is true that safe neighborhoods mean safe schools, 'most volcanoes are inactive most of the time, and thus are no warmer than non-volcanic mountains' is true. Given that albumens have (part) chemical groups, it can be inferred that either government employees have no minimum wage or women suffer twice as much as men. Those that suggest albumens have (part) chemical groups are right. So long as the claim that if government employees have no minimum wage, then if cannibalism is rare, then most volcanoes are inactive most of the time, and thus are no warmer than non-volcanic mountains is false, 'friends groups are groups of citizens with an interest in a particular state park' is true. The statement 'friends groups are groups of citizens with an interest in a particular state park' can be considered false. One may reasonably assume that if it is not the case that if women suffer twice as much as men, then if cannibalism is rare, then most volcanoes are inactive most of the time, and thus are no warmer than non-volcanic mountains, then if theories provide subtle insight, then most female gazelles have horns. If it is not the case that if women suffer twice as much as men, then if cannibalism is rare, then most volcanoes are inactive most of the time, and thus are no warmer than non-volcanic mountains, then the statement, if theories provide subtle insight, then most female gazelles have horns, does not hold.
|
We can assume that most volcanoes are inactive most of the time, and thus are no warmer than non-volcanic mountains.
|
We can assume that most volcanoes are inactive most of the time, and thus are no warmer than non-volcanic mountains.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2].
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [2], then [0].
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4]. [SC1-2]
If [3], then (If [1], then [0].). [SC2-2]
If [4], then (If [1], then [0].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [8], then (Either [3] or [4].).
[8]
Therefore, Either [3] or [4]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [3], then (If [1], then [0].).).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, If [3], then (If [1], then [0].)..
[SC3-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [4], then (If [1], then [0].).).), then (If [6], then [7].).
If (Not (If [4], then (If [1], then [0].).).), then (Not (If [6], then [7].).).
Therefore, If [4], then (If [1], then [0].)..
|
{0: 'Most volcanoes are inactive most of the time, and thus are no warmer than non-volcanic mountains.', 1: 'Cannibalism is rare.', 2: 'Safe neighborhoods mean safe schools.', 3: 'Government employees have no minimum wage.', 4: 'Women suffer twice as much as men.', 5: 'Friends groups are groups of citizens with an interest in a particular state park.', 6: 'Theories provide subtle insight.', 7: 'Most female gazelles have horns.', 8: 'Albumens have (part) chemical groups.'}
| 5 |
4,403 |
['The claim that some vehicles kill deer has no merit.', 'Should it be the case that a disposable income is an income, it follows that if the statement that states if those that suggest mothers live at addresses are wrong, then some vehicles kill deer is false, then giant pandas are a solitary species and generally try to avoid one another.', 'On the condition that some thunderstorms produce hails, it is definitely the case that if the statement that states if those that suggest mothers live at addresses are wrong, then some vehicles kill deer is false, then giant pandas are a solitary species and generally try to avoid one another.', "On the condition that the statement that states if the statement that states if those that suggest mothers live at addresses are wrong, then some vehicles kill deer is false, then the statement 'giant pandas are a solitary species and generally try to avoid one another' can be considered false is false, it is definitely the case that pets get people talking, and involved in their environment.", 'Some people mistakenly believe that pets get people talking, and involved in their environment.', "So long as we know that the claim that either a disposable income is an income or some thunderstorms produce hails is false, 'socialism is a practical organizational model of human community' is true.", 'Provided that we know that the claim that either a disposable income is an income or some thunderstorms produce hails is false, we know that the statement, socialism is a practical organizational model of human community, does not hold.']
|
The claim that some vehicles kill deer has no merit. Should it be the case that a disposable income is an income, it follows that if the statement that states if those that suggest mothers live at addresses are wrong, then some vehicles kill deer is false, then giant pandas are a solitary species and generally try to avoid one another. On the condition that some thunderstorms produce hails, it is definitely the case that if the statement that states if those that suggest mothers live at addresses are wrong, then some vehicles kill deer is false, then giant pandas are a solitary species and generally try to avoid one another. On the condition that the statement that states if the statement that states if those that suggest mothers live at addresses are wrong, then some vehicles kill deer is false, then the statement 'giant pandas are a solitary species and generally try to avoid one another' can be considered false is false, it is definitely the case that pets get people talking, and involved in their environment. Some people mistakenly believe that pets get people talking, and involved in their environment. So long as we know that the claim that either a disposable income is an income or some thunderstorms produce hails is false, 'socialism is a practical organizational model of human community' is true. Provided that we know that the claim that either a disposable income is an income or some thunderstorms produce hails is false, we know that the statement, socialism is a practical organizational model of human community, does not hold.
|
mothers live at addresses.
|
The statement 'mothers live at addresses' can be considered false.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [2].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4]. [SC1-3]
If [3], then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2].).
If [4], then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2].).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2]..
[SC1-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [3] or [4].).), then [6].
If (Not (Either [3] or [4].).), then (Not [6].).
Therefore, Either [3] or [4]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [2].).).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [2].)..
|
{0: 'Mothers live at addresses.', 1: 'Some vehicles kill deer.', 2: 'Giant pandas are a solitary species and generally try to avoid one another.', 3: 'A disposable income is an income.', 4: 'Some thunderstorms produce hails.', 5: 'Pets get people talking, and involved in their environment.', 6: 'Socialism is a practical organizational model of human community.'}
| 5 |
4,757 |
['The statement that states linear algebra is algebra is false.', "If the statement 'if climate regions are large areas with similar climate, then metabolism is the process by which a drug is chemically altered by the body' can be considered false, then the claim that renal insufficiency leads to impaired acid excretion does not correspond with reality.", "Provided that the statement that 'if metabolism is the process by which a drug is chemically altered by the body, then linear algebra is algebra' is incorrect, we know that metabolism occurs in livers.", 'The claim that metabolism occurs in livers does not reflect reality.', "We know that either if nuclear reactors are used to make electricity, then vegetable shortenings are a blend of many types of vegetable oils or if the statement 'if climate regions are large areas with similar climate, then metabolism is the process by which a drug is chemically altered by the body' can be considered false, then renal insufficiency leads to impaired acid excretion.", 'It is not true that if nuclear reactors are used to make electricity, then vegetable shortenings are a blend of many types of vegetable oils.']
|
The statement that states linear algebra is algebra is false. If the statement 'if climate regions are large areas with similar climate, then metabolism is the process by which a drug is chemically altered by the body' can be considered false, then the claim that renal insufficiency leads to impaired acid excretion does not correspond with reality. Provided that the statement that 'if metabolism is the process by which a drug is chemically altered by the body, then linear algebra is algebra' is incorrect, we know that metabolism occurs in livers. The claim that metabolism occurs in livers does not reflect reality. We know that either if nuclear reactors are used to make electricity, then vegetable shortenings are a blend of many types of vegetable oils or if the statement 'if climate regions are large areas with similar climate, then metabolism is the process by which a drug is chemically altered by the body' can be considered false, then renal insufficiency leads to impaired acid excretion. It is not true that if nuclear reactors are used to make electricity, then vegetable shortenings are a blend of many types of vegetable oils.
|
The statement, climate regions are large areas with similar climate, does not hold.
|
The statement, climate regions are large areas with similar climate, does not hold.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [2]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then [1]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [0], then [2].).), then [4]. [SC1-3]
If (Not (If [0], then [2].).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, If [0], then [2]..
[SC1-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [5], then [6].) or (If (Not (If [0], then [2].).), then [4].).
Not (If [5], then [6].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then [2].).), then [4]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then [1].).), then [3].
Not [3].
Therefore, If [2], then [1]..
|
{0: 'Climate regions are large areas with similar climate.', 1: 'Linear algebra is algebra.', 2: 'Metabolism is the process by which a drug is chemically altered by the body.', 3: 'Metabolism occurs in livers.', 4: 'Renal insufficiency leads to impaired acid excretion.', 5: 'Nuclear reactors are used to make electricity.', 6: 'Vegetable shortenings are a blend of many types of vegetable oils.'}
| 5 |
4,975 |
['The statement, humans naturally use information to discriminate, does not hold.', 'It is a fact that either if many people fear contagious diseases, then skin cancer develops through several stages of change or if some people mistakenly believe that carbon dioxide is an acidic, metabolic waste product in the form of a gas, then humans naturally use information to discriminate.', 'It is rational to believe that either people can take medicine when they are in a place where there is malaria or if if many people fear contagious diseases, then skin cancer develops through several stages of change, then gazelles live on grassland.', 'It is not the case that people can take medicine when they are in a place where there is malaria .', "Whenever it is true that gazelles live on grassland, 'halos appear around lights at night' is true.", 'When gazelles live on grassland is true, it follows that the claim that halos appear around lights at night does not correspond with reality.']
|
The statement, humans naturally use information to discriminate, does not hold. It is a fact that either if many people fear contagious diseases, then skin cancer develops through several stages of change or if some people mistakenly believe that carbon dioxide is an acidic, metabolic waste product in the form of a gas, then humans naturally use information to discriminate. It is rational to believe that either people can take medicine when they are in a place where there is malaria or if if many people fear contagious diseases, then skin cancer develops through several stages of change, then gazelles live on grassland. It is not the case that people can take medicine when they are in a place where there is malaria . Whenever it is true that gazelles live on grassland, 'halos appear around lights at night' is true. When gazelles live on grassland is true, it follows that the claim that halos appear around lights at night does not correspond with reality.
|
carbon dioxide is an acidic, metabolic waste product in the form of a gas.
|
It is a common misconception that carbon dioxide is an acidic, metabolic waste product in the form of a gas.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [2], then [3].) or (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
Not (If [2], then [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (If [2], then [3].), then [4]. [SC1-3]
Not [4]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, Not (If [2], then [3].)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (If (If [2], then [3].), then [4].).
Not [6].
Therefore, If (If [2], then [3].), then [4]..
[SC2-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [4], then [5].
If [4], then (Not [5].).
Therefore, Not [4]..
|
{0: 'Carbon dioxide is an acidic, metabolic waste product in the form of a gas.', 1: 'Humans naturally use information to discriminate.', 2: 'Many people fear contagious diseases.', 3: 'Skin cancer develops through several stages of change.', 4: 'Gazelles live on grassland.', 5: 'Halos appear around lights at night.', 6: 'People can take medicine when they are in a place where there is malaria .'}
| 5 |
4,990 |
['We know that the claim that most cottontails reside in areas is false.', 'It is a fact that either pizzas are located in plates or if most growth depends on nutrients, then if the claim that many street gangs confine their drug trafficking activities to their own neighborhoods has no merit, then most cottontails reside in areas.', 'If most eyes detect movement, then most growth depends on nutrients.', 'It is a simple truth that most eyes detect movement.', 'We know that either ears have (part) eardrums or it is a common misconception that pizzas are located in plates.', 'It is not true that ears have (part) eardrums.']
|
We know that the claim that most cottontails reside in areas is false. It is a fact that either pizzas are located in plates or if most growth depends on nutrients, then if the claim that many street gangs confine their drug trafficking activities to their own neighborhoods has no merit, then most cottontails reside in areas. If most eyes detect movement, then most growth depends on nutrients. It is a simple truth that most eyes detect movement. We know that either ears have (part) eardrums or it is a common misconception that pizzas are located in plates. It is not true that ears have (part) eardrums.
|
It is a simple truth that many street gangs confine their drug trafficking activities to their own neighborhoods.
|
It is a simple truth that many street gangs confine their drug trafficking activities to their own neighborhoods.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC1-2]
[2] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).
Not [3]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC2-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (Not [3].).
Not [5].
Therefore, Not [3]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then [2].
[4]
Therefore, [2].
|
{0: 'Many street gangs confine their drug trafficking activities to their own neighborhoods.', 1: 'Most cottontails reside in areas.', 2: 'Most growth depends on nutrients.', 3: 'Pizzas are located in plates.', 4: 'Most eyes detect movement.', 5: 'Ears have (part) eardrums.'}
| 5 |
4,457 |
['Some people mistakenly believe that if atoms absorb photons from the lasers and then re-emit photons in random directions, then some theorists claim that truth can only be found within the formal system of language.', 'Provided that technology History Links to the history of technology, we know that cubs are divided equally between sexes at birth.', 'Given that some cheetahs have low genetic variation, it can be inferred that if it is a common misconception that if if technology History Links to the history of technology, then cubs are divided equally between sexes at birth, then either if atoms absorb photons from the lasers and then re-emit photons in random directions, then some theorists claim that truth can only be found within the formal system of language or peace of mind is the awareness of being in harmony and in tune with the universe, then maple is light, but can be stained dark with walnut and mahogany.', 'The claim that some cheetahs have low genetic variation holds true.', "At least one of two things is true: either cocaine goes to the tegmental of the brain or variability is an inherent aspect of our world , or the statement 'maple is light, but can be stained dark with walnut and mahogany' can be considered false.", 'Some people mistakenly believe that either cocaine goes to the tegmental of the brain or variability is an inherent aspect of our world .']
|
Some people mistakenly believe that if atoms absorb photons from the lasers and then re-emit photons in random directions, then some theorists claim that truth can only be found within the formal system of language. Provided that technology History Links to the history of technology, we know that cubs are divided equally between sexes at birth. Given that some cheetahs have low genetic variation, it can be inferred that if it is a common misconception that if if technology History Links to the history of technology, then cubs are divided equally between sexes at birth, then either if atoms absorb photons from the lasers and then re-emit photons in random directions, then some theorists claim that truth can only be found within the formal system of language or peace of mind is the awareness of being in harmony and in tune with the universe, then maple is light, but can be stained dark with walnut and mahogany. The claim that some cheetahs have low genetic variation holds true. At least one of two things is true: either cocaine goes to the tegmental of the brain or variability is an inherent aspect of our world , or the statement 'maple is light, but can be stained dark with walnut and mahogany' can be considered false. Some people mistakenly believe that either cocaine goes to the tegmental of the brain or variability is an inherent aspect of our world .
|
The claim that peace of mind is the awareness of being in harmony and in tune with the universe is true.
|
The claim that peace of mind is the awareness of being in harmony and in tune with the universe is false.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not (If [1], then [2].).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [3], then [4].), then (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0].). [SC1-2]
If [3], then [4].
Therefore, Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (If [3], then [4].), then (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0].).).), then [5]. [SC1-3]
Not [5]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (If [3], then [4].), then (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0].)..
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [8], then (If (Not (If (If [3], then [4].), then (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0].).).), then [5].).
[8]
Therefore, If (Not (If (If [3], then [4].), then (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0].).).), then [5]..
[SC2-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [6] or [7].) or (Not [5].).
Not (Either [6] or [7].).
Therefore, Not [5]..
|
{0: 'Peace of mind is the awareness of being in harmony and in tune with the universe.', 1: 'Atoms absorb photons from the lasers and then re-emit photons in random directions.', 2: 'Some theorists claim that truth can only be found within the formal system of language.', 3: 'Technology History Links to the history of technology.', 4: 'Cubs are divided equally between sexes at birth.', 5: 'Maple is light, but can be stained dark with walnut and mahogany.', 6: 'Cocaine goes to the tegmental of the brain.', 7: 'Variability is an inherent aspect of our world .', 8: 'Some cheetahs have low genetic variation.'}
| 5 |
4,362 |
["Should it be the case that lodges are houses, it follows that if the statement 'roots grow in tuberous clusters' can be considered false, then either water is a precious natural resource or generators produce power.", "Whenever it is true that either water is a precious natural resource or generators produce power, 'goldenrod is good for butterflies, bees and moths' is true.", 'Assuming the statement that states lodges are houses is false, we know that platelets are cell fragments responsible for blood clotting.', 'One may reasonably assume that if the statement that states lodges are houses is false, then the claim that platelets are cell fragments responsible for blood clotting has no merit.', 'Once we know goldenrod is good for butterflies, bees and moths, we also know that a streamer is light.', 'We know that the claim that a streamer is light is false.']
|
Should it be the case that lodges are houses, it follows that if the statement 'roots grow in tuberous clusters' can be considered false, then either water is a precious natural resource or generators produce power. Whenever it is true that either water is a precious natural resource or generators produce power, 'goldenrod is good for butterflies, bees and moths' is true. Assuming the statement that states lodges are houses is false, we know that platelets are cell fragments responsible for blood clotting. One may reasonably assume that if the statement that states lodges are houses is false, then the claim that platelets are cell fragments responsible for blood clotting has no merit. Once we know goldenrod is good for butterflies, bees and moths, we also know that a streamer is light. We know that the claim that a streamer is light is false.
|
It is the case that roots grow in tuberous clusters.
|
It is the case that roots grow in tuberous clusters.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].). [SC1-1]
Not (Either [1] or [2].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).
[3] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].)..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [3].), then [5].
If (Not [3].), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, [3].
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Either [1] or [2].), then [4].
Not [4]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not (Either [1] or [2].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If [4], then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, Not [4]..
|
{0: 'Roots grow in tuberous clusters.', 1: 'Water is a precious natural resource.', 2: 'Generators produce power.', 3: 'Lodges are houses.', 4: 'Goldenrod is good for butterflies, bees and moths.', 5: 'Platelets are cell fragments responsible for blood clotting.', 6: 'A streamer is light.'}
| 5 |
4,860 |
['On the condition that octopi are top predators, it is definitely the case that either some limit factors affect photosynthesis or either a fragrant sumac is a bush or manatees have an enormous ability to fight infection because they posses so many white blood cells.', 'The claim that octopi are top predators holds true.', "Whenever it is true that some limit factors affect photosynthesis, 'young children start developing literacy skills long before they can actually read' is true.", 'On the condition that young children start developing literacy skills long before they can actually read, it is definitely the case that it is a common misconception that many municipal areas classify nail polish as a hazardous waste for disposal purposes.', 'Assuming concrete blocks come in a variety of sizes, we know that if either a fragrant sumac is a bush or manatees have an enormous ability to fight infection because they posses so many white blood cells, then it is a common misconception that many municipal areas classify nail polish as a hazardous waste for disposal purposes.', 'If coydogs are extremely fast and agile and can make good hunters, then concrete blocks come in a variety of sizes.', 'We can assume that coydogs are extremely fast and agile and can make good hunters.']
|
On the condition that octopi are top predators, it is definitely the case that either some limit factors affect photosynthesis or either a fragrant sumac is a bush or manatees have an enormous ability to fight infection because they posses so many white blood cells. The claim that octopi are top predators holds true. Whenever it is true that some limit factors affect photosynthesis, 'young children start developing literacy skills long before they can actually read' is true. On the condition that young children start developing literacy skills long before they can actually read, it is definitely the case that it is a common misconception that many municipal areas classify nail polish as a hazardous waste for disposal purposes. Assuming concrete blocks come in a variety of sizes, we know that if either a fragrant sumac is a bush or manatees have an enormous ability to fight infection because they posses so many white blood cells, then it is a common misconception that many municipal areas classify nail polish as a hazardous waste for disposal purposes. If coydogs are extremely fast and agile and can make good hunters, then concrete blocks come in a variety of sizes. We can assume that coydogs are extremely fast and agile and can make good hunters.
|
It is a common misconception that many municipal areas classify nail polish as a hazardous waste for disposal purposes.
|
The claim that frozen foods can pass the most discriminating taste tests does not reflect reality.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or (Either [2] or [3].). [SC1-1]
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not [0].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (Either [1] or (Either [2] or [3].).).
[5]
Therefore, Either [1] or (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [6].
If [6], then (Not [0].).
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC3-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not [0].).).
[4] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [7], then [4].
[7]
Therefore, [4].
|
{0: 'Many municipal areas classify nail polish as a hazardous waste for disposal purposes.', 1: 'Some limit factors affect photosynthesis.', 2: 'A fragrant sumac is a bush.', 3: 'Manatees have an enormous ability to fight infection because they posses so many white blood cells.', 4: 'Concrete blocks come in a variety of sizes.', 5: 'Octopi are top predators.', 6: 'Young children start developing literacy skills long before they can actually read.', 7: 'Coydogs are extremely fast and agile and can make good hunters.'}
| 5 |
4,483 |
['Should it be the case that either children become adults when they behave as adults or spiders have movement, it follows that if winds flow from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure, then exhaust heat is used for power generation and other purposes.', 'It is a fact that either contracts are bridges or winds flow from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.', 'It is not the case that contracts are bridges.', 'Once we know temperature measures energy, we also know that children become adults when they behave as adults.', 'Once we know moms take roles, we also know that spiders have movement.', 'Assuming video is video, they say, regardless of the resolution or the frame rate, we know that either temperature measures energy or moms take roles.', 'The claim that video is video, they say, regardless of the resolution or the frame rate is true.']
|
Should it be the case that either children become adults when they behave as adults or spiders have movement, it follows that if winds flow from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure, then exhaust heat is used for power generation and other purposes. It is a fact that either contracts are bridges or winds flow from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. It is not the case that contracts are bridges. Once we know temperature measures energy, we also know that children become adults when they behave as adults. Once we know moms take roles, we also know that spiders have movement. Assuming video is video, they say, regardless of the resolution or the frame rate, we know that either temperature measures energy or moms take roles. The claim that video is video, they say, regardless of the resolution or the frame rate is true.
|
The statement 'exhaust heat is used for power generation and other purposes' can be considered true.
|
Turtle shells provide protection.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [2] or [3].), then (If [1], then [0].).
Either [2] or [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-2]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [5] or [6]. [SC1-3]
If [5], then [2].
If [6], then [3].
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [7], then (Either [5] or [6].).
[7]
Therefore, Either [5] or [6]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or [1].
Not [4].
Therefore, [1].
|
{0: 'Exhaust heat is used for power generation and other purposes.', 1: 'Winds flow from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.', 2: 'Children become adults when they behave as adults.', 3: 'Spiders have movement.', 4: 'Contracts are bridges.', 5: 'Temperature measures energy.', 6: 'Moms take roles.', 7: 'Video is video, they say, regardless of the resolution or the frame rate.'}
| 5 |
4,580 |
['The claim that pressure drop is a measurement expressing the restriction of air flow through an air filter has no merit.', 'At least one of two things is true: fertile leaves are fewer in number, deciduous, and much longer than the sterile leaves, or organisms growing, changing and becoming more complex are part of development.', 'When fertile leaves are fewer in number, deciduous, and much longer than the sterile leaves is true, it follows that either coal contains trace amounts of mercury that are released into the air as it is burned for energy or if land is ground or soil used for a particular purpose, then water is also an integral component of a vibrant economy.', "Whenever it is true that organisms growing, changing and becoming more complex are part of development, 'either coal contains trace amounts of mercury that are released into the air as it is burned for energy or if land is ground or soil used for a particular purpose, then water is also an integral component of a vibrant economy' is true.", 'Should it be the case that coal contains trace amounts of mercury that are released into the air as it is burned for energy, it follows that either desktop computers can be more comfortable to use because their keyboards and monitors are larger or some ozones absorb solar energy.', 'On the condition that either desktop computers can be more comfortable to use because their keyboards and monitors are larger or some ozones absorb solar energy, it is definitely the case that either pressure drop is a measurement expressing the restriction of air flow through an air filter or many Aphids also excrete a sticky, sugar-containing substance known as honeydew.', 'If it is not true that if if land is ground or soil used for a particular purpose, then water is also an integral component of a vibrant economy, then either pressure drop is a measurement expressing the restriction of air flow through an air filter or many Aphids also excrete a sticky, sugar-containing substance known as honeydew, then some electricity comes from coal.', 'We know that the claim that some electricity comes from coal is false.']
|
The claim that pressure drop is a measurement expressing the restriction of air flow through an air filter has no merit. At least one of two things is true: fertile leaves are fewer in number, deciduous, and much longer than the sterile leaves, or organisms growing, changing and becoming more complex are part of development. When fertile leaves are fewer in number, deciduous, and much longer than the sterile leaves is true, it follows that either coal contains trace amounts of mercury that are released into the air as it is burned for energy or if land is ground or soil used for a particular purpose, then water is also an integral component of a vibrant economy. Whenever it is true that organisms growing, changing and becoming more complex are part of development, 'either coal contains trace amounts of mercury that are released into the air as it is burned for energy or if land is ground or soil used for a particular purpose, then water is also an integral component of a vibrant economy' is true. Should it be the case that coal contains trace amounts of mercury that are released into the air as it is burned for energy, it follows that either desktop computers can be more comfortable to use because their keyboards and monitors are larger or some ozones absorb solar energy. On the condition that either desktop computers can be more comfortable to use because their keyboards and monitors are larger or some ozones absorb solar energy, it is definitely the case that either pressure drop is a measurement expressing the restriction of air flow through an air filter or many Aphids also excrete a sticky, sugar-containing substance known as honeydew. If it is not true that if if land is ground or soil used for a particular purpose, then water is also an integral component of a vibrant economy, then either pressure drop is a measurement expressing the restriction of air flow through an air filter or many Aphids also excrete a sticky, sugar-containing substance known as honeydew, then some electricity comes from coal. We know that the claim that some electricity comes from coal is false.
|
The statement that states many Aphids also excrete a sticky, sugar-containing substance known as honeydew is right.
|
The statement that states many Aphids also excrete a sticky, sugar-containing substance known as honeydew is false.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or (If [3], then [4].). [SC1-2]
If [2], then (Either [1] or [0].). [SC2-2]
If (If [3], then [4].), then (Either [1] or [0].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (Either [2] or (If [3], then [4].).).
If [7], then (Either [2] or (If [3], then [4].).).
Therefore, Either [2] or (If [3], then [4].)..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then (Either [8] or [9].).
If (Either [8] or [9].), then (Either [1] or [0].).
Therefore, If [2], then (Either [1] or [0].)..
[SC3-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (If [3], then [4].), then (Either [1] or [0].).).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, If (If [3], then [4].), then (Either [1] or [0].)..
|
{0: 'Many Aphids also excrete a sticky, sugar-containing substance known as honeydew.', 1: 'Pressure drop is a measurement expressing the restriction of air flow through an air filter.', 2: 'Coal contains trace amounts of mercury that are released into the air as it is burned for energy.', 3: 'Land is ground or soil used for a particular purpose.', 4: 'Water is also an integral component of a vibrant economy.', 5: 'Some electricity comes from coal.', 6: 'Fertile leaves are fewer in number, deciduous, and much longer than the sterile leaves.', 7: 'Organisms growing, changing and becoming more complex are part of development.', 8: 'Desktop computers can be more comfortable to use because their keyboards and monitors are larger.', 9: 'Some ozones absorb solar energy.'}
| 5 |
4,986 |
['It is rational to agree that many vitamins are precursors to co-enzymes.', 'There is good reason to believe that either either villages also contain religious shrines, water sources, and agricultural fields or cantaloupes are related to the cucumber, and can be targeted by several of the same insect pests or the claim that cockroaches thrive in homes has no merit.', 'It is a fact that either toggles are fasteners or if many vitamins are precursors to co-enzymes, then either cockroaches thrive in homes or dolphins maintain streamline shapes.', 'We know that the claim that toggles are fasteners is false.', "So long as either villages also contain religious shrines, water sources, and agricultural fields or cantaloupes are related to the cucumber, and can be targeted by several of the same insect pests, 'mules are slippers' is true.", 'We know that the claim that mules are slippers is false.']
|
It is rational to agree that many vitamins are precursors to co-enzymes. There is good reason to believe that either either villages also contain religious shrines, water sources, and agricultural fields or cantaloupes are related to the cucumber, and can be targeted by several of the same insect pests or the claim that cockroaches thrive in homes has no merit. It is a fact that either toggles are fasteners or if many vitamins are precursors to co-enzymes, then either cockroaches thrive in homes or dolphins maintain streamline shapes. We know that the claim that toggles are fasteners is false. So long as either villages also contain religious shrines, water sources, and agricultural fields or cantaloupes are related to the cucumber, and can be targeted by several of the same insect pests, 'mules are slippers' is true. We know that the claim that mules are slippers is false.
|
The claim that dolphins maintain streamline shapes holds true.
|
Dolphins are highly intelligent creatures because of their apparently complex communication systems.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (Either [1] or [0].). [SC1-2]
[4]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (If [4], then (Either [1] or [0].).).
Not [6].
Therefore, If [4], then (Either [1] or [0].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (Not [1].).
Not (Either [2] or [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Either [2] or [3].), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, Not (Either [2] or [3].)..
|
{0: 'Dolphins maintain streamline shapes.', 1: 'Cockroaches thrive in homes.', 2: 'Villages also contain religious shrines, water sources, and agricultural fields.', 3: 'Cantaloupes are related to the cucumber, and can be targeted by several of the same insect pests.', 4: 'Many vitamins are precursors to co-enzymes.', 5: 'Mules are slippers.', 6: 'Toggles are fasteners.'}
| 5 |
4,688 |
['If carpets can trap lead dust, which is difficult to remove completely by vacuuming, then experiential education means learning by experience in a professional work setting.', 'On the condition that experiential education means learning by experience in a professional work setting, it is definitely the case that soft money is defined as dollars given to the party as a whole or for promotion of an issue.', 'It is rational to believe that either congressional oversight is one of the important aspects of American government or research is a systematic investigation designed to develop or contribute to generalizable knowledge.', 'Given that congressional oversight is one of the important aspects of American government, it can be inferred that if the statement, carpets can trap lead dust, which is difficult to remove completely by vacuuming, does not hold, then pencils are used for writing.', 'Should it be the case that research is a systematic investigation designed to develop or contribute to generalizable knowledge, it follows that if the statement, carpets can trap lead dust, which is difficult to remove completely by vacuuming, does not hold, then pencils are used for writing.', "So long as pencils are used for writing, 'most sperm whales receive sound' is true.", "The notion that 'most sperm whales receive sound' is untrue."]
|
If carpets can trap lead dust, which is difficult to remove completely by vacuuming, then experiential education means learning by experience in a professional work setting. On the condition that experiential education means learning by experience in a professional work setting, it is definitely the case that soft money is defined as dollars given to the party as a whole or for promotion of an issue. It is rational to believe that either congressional oversight is one of the important aspects of American government or research is a systematic investigation designed to develop or contribute to generalizable knowledge. Given that congressional oversight is one of the important aspects of American government, it can be inferred that if the statement, carpets can trap lead dust, which is difficult to remove completely by vacuuming, does not hold, then pencils are used for writing. Should it be the case that research is a systematic investigation designed to develop or contribute to generalizable knowledge, it follows that if the statement, carpets can trap lead dust, which is difficult to remove completely by vacuuming, does not hold, then pencils are used for writing. So long as pencils are used for writing, 'most sperm whales receive sound' is true. The notion that 'most sperm whales receive sound' is untrue.
|
Those that suggest soft money is defined as dollars given to the party as a whole or for promotion of an issue are right.
|
Those that suggest soft money is defined as dollars given to the party as a whole or for promotion of an issue are right.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [3].
If [3], then [0].
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [1].), then [2]. [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, [1].
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (If (Not [1].), then [2].).
If [6], then (If (Not [1].), then [2].).
Therefore, If (Not [1].), then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If [2], then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Soft money is defined as dollars given to the party as a whole or for promotion of an issue.', 1: 'Carpets can trap lead dust, which is difficult to remove completely by vacuuming.', 2: 'Pencils are used for writing.', 3: 'Experiential education means learning by experience in a professional work setting.', 4: 'Most sperm whales receive sound.', 5: 'Congressional oversight is one of the important aspects of American government.', 6: 'Research is a systematic investigation designed to develop or contribute to generalizable knowledge.'}
| 5 |
4,864 |
['It is reasonable to believe that most blood passes through ventricles.', "So long as crochet is needlecraft, 'marble is stones' is true.", 'Assuming marble is stones, we know that if most blood passes through ventricles, then fines can cause dust explosions.', "Whenever it is true that the claim that crochet is needlecraft does not reflect reality, 'the notion that 'flowers bloom at different times depending on climate and other conditions' is untrue' is true.", 'Provided that most water contaminated by industrial processes is dumped, untreated, into the sea, we know that if the claim that crochet is needlecraft does not reflect reality, then flowers bloom at different times depending on climate and other conditions.', 'Many people rightly believe that most water contaminated by industrial processes is dumped, untreated, into the sea.']
|
It is reasonable to believe that most blood passes through ventricles. So long as crochet is needlecraft, 'marble is stones' is true. Assuming marble is stones, we know that if most blood passes through ventricles, then fines can cause dust explosions. Whenever it is true that the claim that crochet is needlecraft does not reflect reality, 'the notion that 'flowers bloom at different times depending on climate and other conditions' is untrue' is true. Provided that most water contaminated by industrial processes is dumped, untreated, into the sea, we know that if the claim that crochet is needlecraft does not reflect reality, then flowers bloom at different times depending on climate and other conditions. Many people rightly believe that most water contaminated by industrial processes is dumped, untreated, into the sea.
|
Many people rightly believe that fines can cause dust explosions.
|
It is not true that fines can cause dust explosions.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If [1], then [0].). [SC1-2]
[2] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [3].
If [3], then (If [1], then [0].).
Therefore, If [2], then (If [1], then [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [2].), then [4]. [SC1-3]
If (Not [2].), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, [2].
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (If (Not [2].), then [4].).
[5]
Therefore, If (Not [2].), then [4]..
|
{0: 'Fines can cause dust explosions.', 1: 'Most blood passes through ventricles.', 2: 'Crochet is needlecraft.', 3: 'Marble is stones.', 4: 'Flowers bloom at different times depending on climate and other conditions.', 5: 'Most water contaminated by industrial processes is dumped, untreated, into the sea.'}
| 5 |
4,927 |
['Either leaves are high in cellulose, in terms of the mass of the leaf, and what it is got going on there or network devices communicate with each other using what is known as a protocol .', 'Given that network devices communicate with each other using what is known as a protocol , it can be inferred that either bacterial strains tend to develop resistance to antibiotics that are used frequently or science is faith in doubt.', 'Provided that bacterial strains tend to develop resistance to antibiotics that are used frequently, we know that solar energy is used.', "On the condition that solar energy is used, it is definitely the case that the statement 'either aortic dissections are dissections or badgers are omnivorous' can be considered false.", 'It is rational to believe that either osteoporosis is a major cause of disability in older people, especially women or human rights are important because they acknowledge the intrinsic value of human beings.', "So long as osteoporosis is a major cause of disability in older people, especially women, 'if science is faith in doubt, then the statement 'either aortic dissections are dissections or badgers are omnivorous' can be considered false' is true.", "Assuming human rights are important because they acknowledge the intrinsic value of human beings, we know that if science is faith in doubt, then the statement 'either aortic dissections are dissections or badgers are omnivorous' can be considered false.", 'There is good reason to believe that either some fundamentalists say about mysticism It begins in mist and ends in schism or supervisory officials have situations.', "Whenever it is true that some fundamentalists say about mysticism It begins in mist and ends in schism, 'if leaves are high in cellulose, in terms of the mass of the leaf, and what it is got going on there, then either bacterial strains tend to develop resistance to antibiotics that are used frequently or science is faith in doubt' is true.", 'Should it be the case that supervisory officials have situations, it follows that if leaves are high in cellulose, in terms of the mass of the leaf, and what it is got going on there, then either bacterial strains tend to develop resistance to antibiotics that are used frequently or science is faith in doubt.']
|
Either leaves are high in cellulose, in terms of the mass of the leaf, and what it is got going on there or network devices communicate with each other using what is known as a protocol . Given that network devices communicate with each other using what is known as a protocol , it can be inferred that either bacterial strains tend to develop resistance to antibiotics that are used frequently or science is faith in doubt. Provided that bacterial strains tend to develop resistance to antibiotics that are used frequently, we know that solar energy is used. On the condition that solar energy is used, it is definitely the case that the statement 'either aortic dissections are dissections or badgers are omnivorous' can be considered false. It is rational to believe that either osteoporosis is a major cause of disability in older people, especially women or human rights are important because they acknowledge the intrinsic value of human beings. So long as osteoporosis is a major cause of disability in older people, especially women, 'if science is faith in doubt, then the statement 'either aortic dissections are dissections or badgers are omnivorous' can be considered false' is true. Assuming human rights are important because they acknowledge the intrinsic value of human beings, we know that if science is faith in doubt, then the statement 'either aortic dissections are dissections or badgers are omnivorous' can be considered false. There is good reason to believe that either some fundamentalists say about mysticism It begins in mist and ends in schism or supervisory officials have situations. Whenever it is true that some fundamentalists say about mysticism It begins in mist and ends in schism, 'if leaves are high in cellulose, in terms of the mass of the leaf, and what it is got going on there, then either bacterial strains tend to develop resistance to antibiotics that are used frequently or science is faith in doubt' is true. Should it be the case that supervisory officials have situations, it follows that if leaves are high in cellulose, in terms of the mass of the leaf, and what it is got going on there, then either bacterial strains tend to develop resistance to antibiotics that are used frequently or science is faith in doubt.
|
The statement 'either aortic dissections are dissections or badgers are omnivorous' can be considered false.
|
The statement 'either aortic dissections are dissections or badgers are omnivorous' can be considered false.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-1]
If [2], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).). [SC2-1]
If [3], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC2-2]
If [7], then (Either [2] or [3].).
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [9] or [10].
If [9], then (If [6], then (Either [2] or [3].).).
If [10], then (If [6], then (Either [2] or [3].).).
Therefore, If [6], then (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [8].
If [8], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).)..
[SC3-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (If [3], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).).).
If [5], then (If [3], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).).).
Therefore, If [3], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).)..
|
{0: 'Aortic dissections are dissections.', 1: 'Badgers are omnivorous.', 2: 'Bacterial strains tend to develop resistance to antibiotics that are used frequently.', 3: 'Science is faith in doubt.', 4: 'Osteoporosis is a major cause of disability in older people, especially women.', 5: 'Human rights are important because they acknowledge the intrinsic value of human beings.', 6: 'Leaves are high in cellulose, in terms of the mass of the leaf, and what it is got going on there.', 7: 'Network devices communicate with each other using what is known as a protocol .', 8: 'Solar energy is used.', 9: 'Some fundamentalists say about mysticism It begins in mist and ends in schism.', 10: 'Supervisory officials have situations.'}
| 5 |
4,378 |
["Some people mistakenly believe that bananas are the nation's second biggest export, following oil.", 'The claim that molluscs are a very diverse phylum of invertebrates does not correspond with reality.', 'We know that either symptomatic exposure appears to predict higher fetal risk for malformations or creatures perform tasks.', 'If symptomatic exposure appears to predict higher fetal risk for malformations, then it is not the case that either many species have spots or bands on the wings, or red spots on the body or food quality depends on twig bite size, fiber, species, and spacing in habitat.', 'Once we know creatures perform tasks, we also know that it is not the case that either many species have spots or bands on the wings, or red spots on the body or food quality depends on twig bite size, fiber, species, and spacing in habitat.', "So long as the claim that if the claim that either either many species have spots or bands on the wings, or red spots on the body or food quality depends on twig bite size, fiber, species, and spacing in habitat or either bananas are the nation's second biggest export, following oil or management is a discipline where subjectivity plays a basic part is false, then molluscs are a very diverse phylum of invertebrates is false, 'water is tangible personal property' is true.", "Should it be the case that the claim that if the claim that either either many species have spots or bands on the wings, or red spots on the body or food quality depends on twig bite size, fiber, species, and spacing in habitat or either bananas are the nation's second biggest export, following oil or management is a discipline where subjectivity plays a basic part is false, then molluscs are a very diverse phylum of invertebrates is false, it follows that it is a common misconception that water is tangible personal property."]
|
Some people mistakenly believe that bananas are the nation's second biggest export, following oil. The claim that molluscs are a very diverse phylum of invertebrates does not correspond with reality. We know that either symptomatic exposure appears to predict higher fetal risk for malformations or creatures perform tasks. If symptomatic exposure appears to predict higher fetal risk for malformations, then it is not the case that either many species have spots or bands on the wings, or red spots on the body or food quality depends on twig bite size, fiber, species, and spacing in habitat. Once we know creatures perform tasks, we also know that it is not the case that either many species have spots or bands on the wings, or red spots on the body or food quality depends on twig bite size, fiber, species, and spacing in habitat. So long as the claim that if the claim that either either many species have spots or bands on the wings, or red spots on the body or food quality depends on twig bite size, fiber, species, and spacing in habitat or either bananas are the nation's second biggest export, following oil or management is a discipline where subjectivity plays a basic part is false, then molluscs are a very diverse phylum of invertebrates is false, 'water is tangible personal property' is true. Should it be the case that the claim that if the claim that either either many species have spots or bands on the wings, or red spots on the body or food quality depends on twig bite size, fiber, species, and spacing in habitat or either bananas are the nation's second biggest export, following oil or management is a discipline where subjectivity plays a basic part is false, then molluscs are a very diverse phylum of invertebrates is false, it follows that it is a common misconception that water is tangible personal property.
|
management is a discipline where subjectivity plays a basic part.
|
It is a common misconception that management is a discipline where subjectivity plays a basic part.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (Either [1] or [0].). [SC1-2]
Not (Either [2] or [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (Either [1] or [0].).).), then [4]. [SC1-3]
Not [4].
Therefore, Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (Either [1] or [0].)..
[SC1-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (Either [1] or [0].).).), then [4].).), then [7].
If (Not (If (Not (Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (Either [1] or [0].).).), then [4].).), then (Not [7].).
Therefore, If (Not (Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (Either [1] or [0].).).), then [4]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).).
If [6], then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).).
Therefore, Not (Either [2] or [3].)..
|
{0: 'Management is a discipline where subjectivity plays a basic part.', 1: "Bananas are the nation's second biggest export, following oil.", 2: 'Many species have spots or bands on the wings, or red spots on the body.', 3: 'Food quality depends on twig bite size, fiber, species, and spacing in habitat.', 4: 'Molluscs are a very diverse phylum of invertebrates.', 5: 'Symptomatic exposure appears to predict higher fetal risk for malformations.', 6: 'Creatures perform tasks.', 7: 'Water is tangible personal property.'}
| 5 |
4,320 |
['There is good reason to believe that either counters are used for wipings or some nutrients are provided by celery.', "Once we know counters are used for wipings, we also know that if the statement 'either some people find condoms reduce sensitivity or decrease pleasure or some vascular tissue carries water' can be considered false, then rhesus monkeys show differences.", "Provided that some nutrients are provided by celery, we know that if the statement 'either some people find condoms reduce sensitivity or decrease pleasure or some vascular tissue carries water' can be considered false, then rhesus monkeys show differences.", 'One may reasonably assume that if rhesus monkeys show differences, then it is a common misconception that luggage is used for travelling.', 'Some people mistakenly believe that homosexual attractions are rather a sign that deep emotional wounding has occurred.', 'Assuming the statement that states if those that suggest if rhesus monkeys show differences, then luggage is used for travelling are wrong, then homosexual attractions are rather a sign that deep emotional wounding has occurred is false, we know that feet can grip more than shoes on muddy logs.', "When the statement that states if those that suggest if rhesus monkeys show differences, then luggage is used for travelling are wrong, then homosexual attractions are rather a sign that deep emotional wounding has occurred is false is true, it follows that the notion that 'feet can grip more than shoes on muddy logs' is untrue."]
|
There is good reason to believe that either counters are used for wipings or some nutrients are provided by celery. Once we know counters are used for wipings, we also know that if the statement 'either some people find condoms reduce sensitivity or decrease pleasure or some vascular tissue carries water' can be considered false, then rhesus monkeys show differences. Provided that some nutrients are provided by celery, we know that if the statement 'either some people find condoms reduce sensitivity or decrease pleasure or some vascular tissue carries water' can be considered false, then rhesus monkeys show differences. One may reasonably assume that if rhesus monkeys show differences, then it is a common misconception that luggage is used for travelling. Some people mistakenly believe that homosexual attractions are rather a sign that deep emotional wounding has occurred. Assuming the statement that states if those that suggest if rhesus monkeys show differences, then luggage is used for travelling are wrong, then homosexual attractions are rather a sign that deep emotional wounding has occurred is false, we know that feet can grip more than shoes on muddy logs. When the statement that states if those that suggest if rhesus monkeys show differences, then luggage is used for travelling are wrong, then homosexual attractions are rather a sign that deep emotional wounding has occurred is false is true, it follows that the notion that 'feet can grip more than shoes on muddy logs' is untrue.
|
Either some people find condoms reduce sensitivity or decrease pleasure or some vascular tissue carries water.
|
There is good reason to believe that either many people eat when they are really tired or thirsty or vascular tissue is specialized tissue that conducts water and nutrients throughout the plant.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then [2]. [SC1-1]
Not [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4].
If [3], then (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then [2].).
If [4], then (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then [2].).
Therefore, If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then [2]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [2], then [5]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (Not [5].).
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then [5].).), then [6]. [SC1-3]
Not [6].
Therefore, If [2], then [5]..
[SC1-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If [2], then [5].).), then [6].).), then [7].
If (Not (If (Not (If [2], then [5].).), then [6].).), then (Not [7].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [2], then [5].).), then [6]..
|
{0: 'Some people find condoms reduce sensitivity or decrease pleasure.', 1: 'Some vascular tissue carries water.', 2: 'Rhesus monkeys show differences.', 3: 'Counters are used for wipings.', 4: 'Some nutrients are provided by celery.', 5: 'Luggage is used for travelling.', 6: 'Homosexual attractions are rather a sign that deep emotional wounding has occurred.', 7: 'Feet can grip more than shoes on muddy logs.'}
| 5 |
4,942 |
['Should it be the case that clay soil is red and it can hold a lot of water, it follows that either some sacs contain amniotic fluid or bipolar steppers require that the polarity of power to the coils be reversed.', "There is good reason to believe that either instruction plays a large role in today's education system or it is not the case that some sacs contain amniotic fluid.", "Some people mistakenly believe that instruction plays a large role in today's education system.", 'Either either dry mouth can cause increased plaque buildup, which increases the risk for periodontal disease or hippopotamuses emerge at nights or either clay soil is red and it can hold a lot of water or soles inhabit shallow sandy waters, where they lie buried by day, emerging at night to feed.', 'The claim that either dry mouth can cause increased plaque buildup, which increases the risk for periodontal disease or hippopotamuses emerge at nights does not correspond with reality.', 'One may reasonably assume that if soles inhabit shallow sandy waters, where they lie buried by day, emerging at night to feed, then carbon is integral to our oceans, air, and soil.', "So long as carbon is integral to our oceans, air, and soil, 'either some sacs contain amniotic fluid or bipolar steppers require that the polarity of power to the coils be reversed' is true."]
|
Should it be the case that clay soil is red and it can hold a lot of water, it follows that either some sacs contain amniotic fluid or bipolar steppers require that the polarity of power to the coils be reversed. There is good reason to believe that either instruction plays a large role in today's education system or it is not the case that some sacs contain amniotic fluid. Some people mistakenly believe that instruction plays a large role in today's education system. Either either dry mouth can cause increased plaque buildup, which increases the risk for periodontal disease or hippopotamuses emerge at nights or either clay soil is red and it can hold a lot of water or soles inhabit shallow sandy waters, where they lie buried by day, emerging at night to feed. The claim that either dry mouth can cause increased plaque buildup, which increases the risk for periodontal disease or hippopotamuses emerge at nights does not correspond with reality. One may reasonably assume that if soles inhabit shallow sandy waters, where they lie buried by day, emerging at night to feed, then carbon is integral to our oceans, air, and soil. So long as carbon is integral to our oceans, air, and soil, 'either some sacs contain amniotic fluid or bipolar steppers require that the polarity of power to the coils be reversed' is true.
|
The statement that states bipolar steppers require that the polarity of power to the coils be reversed is right.
|
It is not true that bipolar steppers require that the polarity of power to the coils be reversed.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (Either [1] or [0].).
If [3], then (Either [1] or [0].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [5] or [6].) or (Either [2] or [3].).
Not (Either [5] or [6].).
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC3-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [3], then [7].
If [7], then (Either [1] or [0].).
Therefore, If [3], then (Either [1] or [0].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (Not [1].).
Not [4].
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Bipolar steppers require that the polarity of power to the coils be reversed.', 1: 'Some sacs contain amniotic fluid.', 2: 'Clay soil is red and it can hold a lot of water.', 3: 'Soles inhabit shallow sandy waters, where they lie buried by day, emerging at night to feed.', 4: "Instruction plays a large role in today's education system.", 5: 'Dry mouth can cause increased plaque buildup, which increases the risk for periodontal disease.', 6: 'Hippopotamuses emerge at nights.', 7: 'Carbon is integral to our oceans, air, and soil.'}
| 5 |
4,351 |
['When the statement, if writing are used for communicating, then walruses do have hair, which they gradually shed and replace over the summer months, does not hold is true, it follows that laparoscopic surgery is less likely to cause adhesions than standard open surgery.', 'Assuming the statement, if writing are used for communicating, then walruses do have hair, which they gradually shed and replace over the summer months, does not hold, we know that the statement that states laparoscopic surgery is less likely to cause adhesions than standard open surgery is false.', 'Provided that splice variants are sequences that occur naturally within the cells and tissues of individuals, we know that it is a common misconception that walruses do have hair, which they gradually shed and replace over the summer months.', 'It is not the case that either clays bind simple molecules and have ions that can be catalysts or recliners are chairs.', "Should it be the case that the notion that 'either either clays bind simple molecules and have ions that can be catalysts or recliners are chairs or if writing are used for communicating, then splice variants are sequences that occur naturally within the cells and tissues of individuals' is untrue, it follows that either fishing industries harvest large numbers of sharks, finding uses for many parts of their bodies or mountain bicycles have sturdier frames, more upright handlebars and wider tires with heavy tread.", 'The statement, either fishing industries harvest large numbers of sharks, finding uses for many parts of their bodies or mountain bicycles have sturdier frames, more upright handlebars and wider tires with heavy tread, does not hold.']
|
When the statement, if writing are used for communicating, then walruses do have hair, which they gradually shed and replace over the summer months, does not hold is true, it follows that laparoscopic surgery is less likely to cause adhesions than standard open surgery. Assuming the statement, if writing are used for communicating, then walruses do have hair, which they gradually shed and replace over the summer months, does not hold, we know that the statement that states laparoscopic surgery is less likely to cause adhesions than standard open surgery is false. Provided that splice variants are sequences that occur naturally within the cells and tissues of individuals, we know that it is a common misconception that walruses do have hair, which they gradually shed and replace over the summer months. It is not the case that either clays bind simple molecules and have ions that can be catalysts or recliners are chairs. Should it be the case that the notion that 'either either clays bind simple molecules and have ions that can be catalysts or recliners are chairs or if writing are used for communicating, then splice variants are sequences that occur naturally within the cells and tissues of individuals' is untrue, it follows that either fishing industries harvest large numbers of sharks, finding uses for many parts of their bodies or mountain bicycles have sturdier frames, more upright handlebars and wider tires with heavy tread. The statement, either fishing industries harvest large numbers of sharks, finding uses for many parts of their bodies or mountain bicycles have sturdier frames, more upright handlebars and wider tires with heavy tread, does not hold.
|
Some people mistakenly believe that writing are used for communicating.
|
It is reasonable to believe that writing are used for communicating.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
If [0], then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [3].
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not [3].).
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [2]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (Not [1].).
Therefore, If [0], then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [4] or [5].) or (If [0], then [2].). [SC1-3]
Not (Either [4] or [5].).
Therefore, If [0], then [2]..
[SC1-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either (Either [4] or [5].) or (If [0], then [2].).).), then (Either [6] or [7].).
Not (Either [6] or [7].).
Therefore, Either (Either [4] or [5].) or (If [0], then [2].)..
|
{0: 'Writing are used for communicating.', 1: 'Walruses do have hair, which they gradually shed and replace over the summer months.', 2: 'Splice variants are sequences that occur naturally within the cells and tissues of individuals.', 3: 'Laparoscopic surgery is less likely to cause adhesions than standard open surgery.', 4: 'Clays bind simple molecules and have ions that can be catalysts.', 5: 'Recliners are chairs.', 6: 'Fishing industries harvest large numbers of sharks, finding uses for many parts of their bodies.', 7: 'Mountain bicycles have sturdier frames, more upright handlebars and wider tires with heavy tread.'}
| 5 |
4,418 |
['On the condition that we know that the claim that argentine ants are one of the most persistent and troublesome of all the house-infesting ants is false, it is definitely the case that humans definitely have a natural tendency for violence.', 'If humans definitely have a natural tendency for violence, then skinheads fight brutally, but only in numbers that overpower their victims.', 'Those that suggest violence takes the form of hitting, fighting or threats to do harm are wrong.', "Provided that the claim that if skinheads fight brutally, but only in numbers that overpower their victims, then violence takes the form of hitting, fighting or threats to do harm has no merit, we know that the notion that 'tiny peppers form but fall off before they even reach the size of a marble' is untrue.", 'On the condition that the claim that if the claim that if skinheads fight brutally, but only in numbers that overpower their victims, then violence takes the form of hitting, fighting or threats to do harm has no merit, then tiny peppers form but fall off before they even reach the size of a marble does not reflect reality, it is definitely the case that all defense mechanisms function indi- rectly and unconsciously.', 'The statement that states all defense mechanisms function indi- rectly and unconsciously is false.']
|
On the condition that we know that the claim that argentine ants are one of the most persistent and troublesome of all the house-infesting ants is false, it is definitely the case that humans definitely have a natural tendency for violence. If humans definitely have a natural tendency for violence, then skinheads fight brutally, but only in numbers that overpower their victims. Those that suggest violence takes the form of hitting, fighting or threats to do harm are wrong. Provided that the claim that if skinheads fight brutally, but only in numbers that overpower their victims, then violence takes the form of hitting, fighting or threats to do harm has no merit, we know that the notion that 'tiny peppers form but fall off before they even reach the size of a marble' is untrue. On the condition that the claim that if the claim that if skinheads fight brutally, but only in numbers that overpower their victims, then violence takes the form of hitting, fighting or threats to do harm has no merit, then tiny peppers form but fall off before they even reach the size of a marble does not reflect reality, it is definitely the case that all defense mechanisms function indi- rectly and unconsciously. The statement that states all defense mechanisms function indi- rectly and unconsciously is false.
|
The idea that argentine ants are one of the most persistent and troublesome of all the house-infesting ants is true.
|
Some argentine ants do have teeth.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then [3].
If [3], then [1].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If [1], then [2]. [SC1-2]
Not [2].
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then [2].).), then [4]. [SC1-3]
If (Not (If [1], then [2].).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, If [1], then [2]..
[SC1-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If [1], then [2].).), then [4].).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then [2].).), then [4]..
|
{0: 'Argentine ants are one of the most persistent and troublesome of all the house-infesting ants.', 1: 'Skinheads fight brutally, but only in numbers that overpower their victims.', 2: 'Violence takes the form of hitting, fighting or threats to do harm.', 3: 'Humans definitely have a natural tendency for violence.', 4: 'Tiny peppers form but fall off before they even reach the size of a marble.', 5: 'All defense mechanisms function indi- rectly and unconsciously.'}
| 5 |
4,945 |
['It is a fact that either development cans have impact or if rubber stampings are hobbies, then biologists working in museums and zoos hold a variety of positions.', 'The claim that development cans have impact is false.', 'There is good reason to believe that either cheer is tv shows or either anorectal herpes gives rise to pain, discharge and constipation or all animals have to react to changes in their environment if they are to survive.', 'When either anorectal herpes gives rise to pain, discharge and constipation or all animals have to react to changes in their environment if they are to survive is true, it follows that if rubber stampings are hobbies, then the claim that biologists working in museums and zoos hold a variety of positions has no merit.', 'Assuming diamondbacks have (part) pedal extremities, we know that if rubber stampings are hobbies, then the claim that biologists working in museums and zoos hold a variety of positions has no merit.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: some evaporation affects humans, or most black willows have length.', 'When some evaporation affects humans is true, it follows that if cheer is tv shows, then diamondbacks have (part) pedal extremities.', 'Should it be the case that most black willows have length, it follows that if cheer is tv shows, then diamondbacks have (part) pedal extremities.']
|
It is a fact that either development cans have impact or if rubber stampings are hobbies, then biologists working in museums and zoos hold a variety of positions. The claim that development cans have impact is false. There is good reason to believe that either cheer is tv shows or either anorectal herpes gives rise to pain, discharge and constipation or all animals have to react to changes in their environment if they are to survive. When either anorectal herpes gives rise to pain, discharge and constipation or all animals have to react to changes in their environment if they are to survive is true, it follows that if rubber stampings are hobbies, then the claim that biologists working in museums and zoos hold a variety of positions has no merit. Assuming diamondbacks have (part) pedal extremities, we know that if rubber stampings are hobbies, then the claim that biologists working in museums and zoos hold a variety of positions has no merit. We know that at least one of two things is true: some evaporation affects humans, or most black willows have length. When some evaporation affects humans is true, it follows that if cheer is tv shows, then diamondbacks have (part) pedal extremities. Should it be the case that most black willows have length, it follows that if cheer is tv shows, then diamondbacks have (part) pedal extremities.
|
Some people mistakenly believe that rubber stampings are hobbies.
|
The statement 'rubber stampings are hobbies' is true.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
If [0], then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (If [0], then [1].).
Not [2].
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or (Either [4] or [5].).
If [3], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).). [SC2-2]
If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If [0], then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If [0], then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [3], then [6]. [SC1-3]
If [6], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If [3], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [7] or [8].
If [7], then (If [3], then [6].).
If [8], then (If [3], then [6].).
Therefore, If [3], then [6]..
|
{0: 'Rubber stampings are hobbies.', 1: 'Biologists working in museums and zoos hold a variety of positions.', 2: 'Development cans have impact.', 3: 'Cheer is tv shows.', 4: 'Anorectal herpes gives rise to pain, discharge and constipation.', 5: 'All animals have to react to changes in their environment if they are to survive.', 6: 'Diamondbacks have (part) pedal extremities.', 7: 'Some evaporation affects humans.', 8: 'Most black willows have length.'}
| 5 |
4,795 |
['Assuming it is a common misconception that every suicide is a tragedy for families and communities, we know that the claim that neural networks attempt to function like a human brain is false.', "On the condition that if anal fissures are diagnosed and evaluated by visual inspection of the anus and anal canal, then islands are the Earth's great repositories of biological diversity, it is definitely the case that if fish can endure short periods of reduced oxygen, then if it is a common misconception that every suicide is a tragedy for families and communities, then neural networks attempt to function like a human brain.", 'Should it be the case that dolphins possess muscles, it follows that if fish can endure short periods of reduced oxygen, then if it is a common misconception that every suicide is a tragedy for families and communities, then neural networks attempt to function like a human brain.', 'Should it be the case that some people mistakenly believe that fish can endure short periods of reduced oxygen, it follows that blueberries can be blue or black, with a powdery, silver-white sheen on the skin.', 'It is not the case that blueberries can be blue or black, with a powdery, silver-white sheen on the skin.', "So long as the notion that 'either if anal fissures are diagnosed and evaluated by visual inspection of the anus and anal canal, then islands are the Earth's great repositories of biological diversity or dolphins possess muscles' is untrue, 'rings are located in parks' is true.", 'It is not true that rings are located in parks.']
|
Assuming it is a common misconception that every suicide is a tragedy for families and communities, we know that the claim that neural networks attempt to function like a human brain is false. On the condition that if anal fissures are diagnosed and evaluated by visual inspection of the anus and anal canal, then islands are the Earth's great repositories of biological diversity, it is definitely the case that if fish can endure short periods of reduced oxygen, then if it is a common misconception that every suicide is a tragedy for families and communities, then neural networks attempt to function like a human brain. Should it be the case that dolphins possess muscles, it follows that if fish can endure short periods of reduced oxygen, then if it is a common misconception that every suicide is a tragedy for families and communities, then neural networks attempt to function like a human brain. Should it be the case that some people mistakenly believe that fish can endure short periods of reduced oxygen, it follows that blueberries can be blue or black, with a powdery, silver-white sheen on the skin. It is not the case that blueberries can be blue or black, with a powdery, silver-white sheen on the skin. So long as the notion that 'either if anal fissures are diagnosed and evaluated by visual inspection of the anus and anal canal, then islands are the Earth's great repositories of biological diversity or dolphins possess muscles' is untrue, 'rings are located in parks' is true. It is not true that rings are located in parks.
|
It is the case that every suicide is a tragedy for families and communities.
|
Suicide is thought by some to have a genetic component, to run in families.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC1-2]
[2] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [3], then [4].) or [5]. [SC1-3]
If (If [3], then [4].), then (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).
If [5], then (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC1-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either (If [3], then [4].) or [5].).), then [7].
Not [7].
Therefore, Either (If [3], then [4].) or [5]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [2].), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, [2].
|
{0: 'Every suicide is a tragedy for families and communities.', 1: 'Neural networks attempt to function like a human brain.', 2: 'Fish can endure short periods of reduced oxygen.', 3: 'Anal fissures are diagnosed and evaluated by visual inspection of the anus and anal canal.', 4: "Islands are the Earth's great repositories of biological diversity.", 5: 'Dolphins possess muscles.', 6: 'Blueberries can be blue or black, with a powdery, silver-white sheen on the skin.', 7: 'Rings are located in parks.'}
| 5 |
4,145 |
["The statement 'charity is the mother of two sisters, patience and obedience' is true.", 'Assuming either serotonin induces contractions of intestine, bronchi and uterus or wild fires are an extreme threat to slow moving tortoises, we know that if the claim that political fragmentation is one of the growing global risks faced by most organizations is false, then the statement that states pythons have eyes is false.', 'At least one of two things is true: serotonin induces contractions of intestine, bronchi and uterus, or wild fires are an extreme threat to slow moving tortoises.', 'Provided that the statement, if charity is the mother of two sisters, patience and obedience, then if the claim that political fragmentation is one of the growing global risks faced by most organizations is false, then pythons have eyes, does not hold, we know that brioches are bread.', 'Provided that brioches are bread, we know that insects go through precise developmental stages.', 'It is not true that insects go through precise developmental stages.']
|
The statement 'charity is the mother of two sisters, patience and obedience' is true. Assuming either serotonin induces contractions of intestine, bronchi and uterus or wild fires are an extreme threat to slow moving tortoises, we know that if the claim that political fragmentation is one of the growing global risks faced by most organizations is false, then the statement that states pythons have eyes is false. At least one of two things is true: serotonin induces contractions of intestine, bronchi and uterus, or wild fires are an extreme threat to slow moving tortoises. Provided that the statement, if charity is the mother of two sisters, patience and obedience, then if the claim that political fragmentation is one of the growing global risks faced by most organizations is false, then pythons have eyes, does not hold, we know that brioches are bread. Provided that brioches are bread, we know that insects go through precise developmental stages. It is not true that insects go through precise developmental stages.
|
We can assume that political fragmentation is one of the growing global risks faced by most organizations.
|
It is not true that political fragmentation is one of the growing global risks faced by most organizations.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC1-2]
[2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).), then [5].
Not [5]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC2-3]
Modus Tonens:
If [5], then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, Not [5]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [3] or [4].), then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).
Either [3] or [4].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Political fragmentation is one of the growing global risks faced by most organizations.', 1: 'Pythons have eyes.', 2: 'Charity is the mother of two sisters, patience and obedience.', 3: 'Serotonin induces contractions of intestine, bronchi and uterus.', 4: 'Wild fires are an extreme threat to slow moving tortoises.', 5: 'Brioches are bread.', 6: 'Insects go through precise developmental stages.'}
| 5 |
4,826 |
["Whenever it is true that either copper is slightly acidic and reacts with certain foods and therefore usually is lined or liver enzymes in the blood which can signal liver infection, 'the statement that states some mothers show survival is false' is true.", "Whenever it is true that either hoary marmots appear to drink almost daily and they have frequently been observed eating snow or some snakes live in waterways, 'the statement that states some mothers show survival is false' is true.", 'We know that either alcohol is the most frequently abused drug, followed by marijuana, cocaine, and heroin or if some gastrointestinal effects consist of nausea, then either either copper is slightly acidic and reacts with certain foods and therefore usually is lined or liver enzymes in the blood which can signal liver infection or either hoary marmots appear to drink almost daily and they have frequently been observed eating snow or some snakes live in waterways.', 'Once we know stratocumulus clouds are low, puffy and gray, we also know that some gastrointestinal effects consist of nausea.', "The statement 'stratocumulus clouds are low, puffy and gray' is true.", 'If alcohol is the most frequently abused drug, followed by marijuana, cocaine, and heroin, then snails have (part) skulls.', 'One may reasonably assume that if alcohol is the most frequently abused drug, followed by marijuana, cocaine, and heroin, then it is a common misconception that snails have (part) skulls.']
|
Whenever it is true that either copper is slightly acidic and reacts with certain foods and therefore usually is lined or liver enzymes in the blood which can signal liver infection, 'the statement that states some mothers show survival is false' is true. Whenever it is true that either hoary marmots appear to drink almost daily and they have frequently been observed eating snow or some snakes live in waterways, 'the statement that states some mothers show survival is false' is true. We know that either alcohol is the most frequently abused drug, followed by marijuana, cocaine, and heroin or if some gastrointestinal effects consist of nausea, then either either copper is slightly acidic and reacts with certain foods and therefore usually is lined or liver enzymes in the blood which can signal liver infection or either hoary marmots appear to drink almost daily and they have frequently been observed eating snow or some snakes live in waterways. Once we know stratocumulus clouds are low, puffy and gray, we also know that some gastrointestinal effects consist of nausea. The statement 'stratocumulus clouds are low, puffy and gray' is true. If alcohol is the most frequently abused drug, followed by marijuana, cocaine, and heroin, then snails have (part) skulls. One may reasonably assume that if alcohol is the most frequently abused drug, followed by marijuana, cocaine, and heroin, then it is a common misconception that snails have (part) skulls.
|
The statement that states some mothers show survival is false.
|
The claim that most mothers have soup bones has no merit.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [1] or [2].) or (Either [3] or [4].). [SC1-1]
If (Either [1] or [2].), then (Not [0].).
If (Either [3] or [4].), then (Not [0].).
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or (Either [3] or [4].).). [SC1-2]
[5] [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either (Either [1] or [2].) or (Either [3] or [4].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (If [5], then (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or (Either [3] or [4].).).).
Not [6]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [5], then (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or (Either [3] or [4].).)..
[SC2-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [6], then [8].
If [6], then (Not [8].).
Therefore, Not [6]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [7], then [5].
[7]
Therefore, [5].
|
{0: 'Some mothers show survival.', 1: 'Copper is slightly acidic and reacts with certain foods and therefore usually is lined.', 2: 'Liver enzymes in the blood which can signal liver infection.', 3: 'Hoary marmots appear to drink almost daily and they have frequently been observed eating snow.', 4: 'Some snakes live in waterways.', 5: 'Some gastrointestinal effects consist of nausea.', 6: 'Alcohol is the most frequently abused drug, followed by marijuana, cocaine, and heroin.', 7: 'Stratocumulus clouds are low, puffy and gray.', 8: 'Snails have (part) skulls.'}
| 5 |
4,492 |
['It is a common misconception that if carbon monoxide is also a deadly poison, then nearsightedness is the inability to see clearly at a distance.', 'There is good reason to believe that either either pesticides are unique among the hazardous chemicals or organisms have different roles or water is sold in small and large plastic bottles.', 'If either pesticides are unique among the hazardous chemicals or organisms have different roles, then if the claim that either if carbon monoxide is also a deadly poison, then nearsightedness is the inability to see clearly at a distance or moral problems are a kind of practical problem does not reflect reality, then most snakes make sound.', "Given that the statement that 'if the claim that either if carbon monoxide is also a deadly poison, then nearsightedness is the inability to see clearly at a distance or moral problems are a kind of practical problem does not reflect reality, then we know that the claim that most snakes make sound is false' is incorrect, it can be inferred that some collars are part of sweaters.", "The statement that 'some collars are part of sweaters' is incorrect.", 'Assuming water is sold in small and large plastic bottles, we know that diodes are tubes.', 'Should it be the case that diodes are tubes, it follows that if the claim that either if carbon monoxide is also a deadly poison, then nearsightedness is the inability to see clearly at a distance or moral problems are a kind of practical problem does not reflect reality, then most snakes make sound.']
|
It is a common misconception that if carbon monoxide is also a deadly poison, then nearsightedness is the inability to see clearly at a distance. There is good reason to believe that either either pesticides are unique among the hazardous chemicals or organisms have different roles or water is sold in small and large plastic bottles. If either pesticides are unique among the hazardous chemicals or organisms have different roles, then if the claim that either if carbon monoxide is also a deadly poison, then nearsightedness is the inability to see clearly at a distance or moral problems are a kind of practical problem does not reflect reality, then most snakes make sound. Given that the statement that 'if the claim that either if carbon monoxide is also a deadly poison, then nearsightedness is the inability to see clearly at a distance or moral problems are a kind of practical problem does not reflect reality, then we know that the claim that most snakes make sound is false' is incorrect, it can be inferred that some collars are part of sweaters. The statement that 'some collars are part of sweaters' is incorrect. Assuming water is sold in small and large plastic bottles, we know that diodes are tubes. Should it be the case that diodes are tubes, it follows that if the claim that either if carbon monoxide is also a deadly poison, then nearsightedness is the inability to see clearly at a distance or moral problems are a kind of practical problem does not reflect reality, then most snakes make sound.
|
It is true that moral problems are a kind of practical problem.
|
Moral problems arise out of conflicting responsibilities rather than competing rights.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not (If [1], then [2].).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0].).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0].).), then (Not [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [5] or [6].) or [7].
If (Either [5] or [6].), then (If (Not (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0].).), then [3].).
If [7], then (If (Not (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0].).), then [3].). [SC3-3]
Therefore, If (Not (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0].).), then [3]..
[SC3-3]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [7], then [8].
If [8], then (If (Not (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0].).), then [3].).
Therefore, If [7], then (If (Not (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0].).), then [3].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0].).), then (Not [3].).).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0].).), then (Not [3].)..
|
{0: 'Moral problems are a kind of practical problem.', 1: 'Carbon monoxide is also a deadly poison.', 2: 'Nearsightedness is the inability to see clearly at a distance.', 3: 'Most snakes make sound.', 4: 'Some collars are part of sweaters.', 5: 'Pesticides are unique among the hazardous chemicals.', 6: 'Organisms have different roles.', 7: 'Water is sold in small and large plastic bottles.', 8: 'Diodes are tubes.'}
| 5 |
4,751 |
['The claim that chiropractors care for a variety of patients with a wide variety of problems holds true.', "The statement 'language lives, and is given meaning, in a cultural setting' can be considered true.", 'Provided that minor scales are the same as the relative major scales, except that they start on a different note, we know that dark blue is the color of love and joy .', 'We know that the claim that dark blue is the color of love and joy is false.', 'We know that either mineral resources are meager, except for coal, which is an important source of industrial energy or if language lives, and is given meaning, in a cultural setting, then if some people mistakenly believe that if chiropractors care for a variety of patients with a wide variety of problems, then mice are known to be one of the most successful mammals in the world, then minor scales are the same as the relative major scales, except that they start on a different note.', 'The claim that mineral resources are meager, except for coal, which is an important source of industrial energy does not correspond with reality.']
|
The claim that chiropractors care for a variety of patients with a wide variety of problems holds true. The statement 'language lives, and is given meaning, in a cultural setting' can be considered true. Provided that minor scales are the same as the relative major scales, except that they start on a different note, we know that dark blue is the color of love and joy . We know that the claim that dark blue is the color of love and joy is false. We know that either mineral resources are meager, except for coal, which is an important source of industrial energy or if language lives, and is given meaning, in a cultural setting, then if some people mistakenly believe that if chiropractors care for a variety of patients with a wide variety of problems, then mice are known to be one of the most successful mammals in the world, then minor scales are the same as the relative major scales, except that they start on a different note. The claim that mineral resources are meager, except for coal, which is an important source of industrial energy does not correspond with reality.
|
It is reasonable to believe that mice are known to be one of the most successful mammals in the world.
|
It is reasonable to believe that mice are known to be one of the most successful mammals in the world.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [2]. [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [2].). [SC1-3]
[3]
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [2]..
[SC1-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (If [3], then (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [2].).).
Not [5].
Therefore, If [3], then (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [2].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If [2], then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Mice are known to be one of the most successful mammals in the world.', 1: 'Chiropractors care for a variety of patients with a wide variety of problems.', 2: 'Minor scales are the same as the relative major scales, except that they start on a different note.', 3: 'Language lives, and is given meaning, in a cultural setting.', 4: 'Dark blue is the color of love and joy .', 5: 'Mineral resources are meager, except for coal, which is an important source of industrial energy.'}
| 5 |
4,240 |
['It is a common misconception that baboons attain size.', 'We know that either either oysters are the richest natural source of zinc or greek honey has specific physical and chemical characteristics or cottontails feed at night, subsisting on a variety of green plants, barks, buds, and grasses.', "Given that cottontails feed at night, subsisting on a variety of green plants, barks, buds, and grasses, it can be inferred that if bivalves stay in places, then low tides allow easy observation of the ocean floor's flora and fauna.", "Provided that gray wolves can be gray, white, black or silvery, we know that if the notion that 'if if bivalves stay in places, then low tides allow easy observation of the ocean floor's flora and fauna, then some people mistakenly believe that carbon dioxide is the major man-made contributor to global climate change' is untrue, then baboons attain size.", 'Many people rightly believe that gray wolves can be gray, white, black or silvery.', "Once we know the claim that if either oysters are the richest natural source of zinc or greek honey has specific physical and chemical characteristics, then if bivalves stay in places, then low tides allow easy observation of the ocean floor's flora and fauna does not reflect reality, we also know that blood cultures are positive in meningitis.", 'The statement, blood cultures are positive in meningitis, does not hold.']
|
It is a common misconception that baboons attain size. We know that either either oysters are the richest natural source of zinc or greek honey has specific physical and chemical characteristics or cottontails feed at night, subsisting on a variety of green plants, barks, buds, and grasses. Given that cottontails feed at night, subsisting on a variety of green plants, barks, buds, and grasses, it can be inferred that if bivalves stay in places, then low tides allow easy observation of the ocean floor's flora and fauna. Provided that gray wolves can be gray, white, black or silvery, we know that if the notion that 'if if bivalves stay in places, then low tides allow easy observation of the ocean floor's flora and fauna, then some people mistakenly believe that carbon dioxide is the major man-made contributor to global climate change' is untrue, then baboons attain size. Many people rightly believe that gray wolves can be gray, white, black or silvery. Once we know the claim that if either oysters are the richest natural source of zinc or greek honey has specific physical and chemical characteristics, then if bivalves stay in places, then low tides allow easy observation of the ocean floor's flora and fauna does not reflect reality, we also know that blood cultures are positive in meningitis. The statement, blood cultures are positive in meningitis, does not hold.
|
Some people mistakenly believe that carbon dioxide is the major man-made contributor to global climate change.
|
The statement, carbon dioxide is taken out from the blood and brought out, does not hold.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If (If [1], then [2].), then (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
If [1], then [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (If [1], then [2].), then (Not [0].).).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
Not [3].
Therefore, If (If [1], then [2].), then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [8], then (If (Not (If (If [1], then [2].), then (Not [0].).).), then [3].).
[8]
Therefore, If (Not (If (If [1], then [2].), then (Not [0].).).), then [3]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [4] or [5].) or [6].
If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If [1], then [2].). [SC2-2]
If [6], then (If [1], then [2].).
Therefore, If [1], then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then [7].
Not [7].
Therefore, If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If [1], then [2].)..
|
{0: 'Carbon dioxide is the major man-made contributor to global climate change.', 1: 'Bivalves stay in places.', 2: "Low tides allow easy observation of the ocean floor's flora and fauna.", 3: 'Baboons attain size.', 4: 'Oysters are the richest natural source of zinc.', 5: 'Greek honey has specific physical and chemical characteristics.', 6: 'Cottontails feed at night, subsisting on a variety of green plants, barks, buds, and grasses.', 7: 'Blood cultures are positive in meningitis.', 8: 'Gray wolves can be gray, white, black or silvery.'}
| 5 |
4,648 |
["The statement 'ostriches stick their heads in the sand to look for water' can be considered false.", 'At least one of two things is true: either workbooks are to be used to reinforce learning, for supplementary instruction and for enrichment or monkeys possess ancestors, or water is a polar molecule as show in the figure below.', 'If either workbooks are to be used to reinforce learning, for supplementary instruction and for enrichment or monkeys possess ancestors, then it is not the case that good nutrition is so important to women, no matter what sport they choose.', 'Given that water is a polar molecule as show in the figure below, it can be inferred that it is not the case that good nutrition is so important to women, no matter what sport they choose.', "So long as herring gulls are gulls, 'ostriches stick their heads in the sand to look for water' is true.", "So long as muskrats are mostly nocturnal, but they do appear at times during the day, 'if those that suggest depression is a common mental illness that can affect people of all ages are wrong, then good nutrition is so important to women, no matter what sport they choose' is true.", 'If soybeans inhibit mammary tumors in models of breast cancer, then either herring gulls are gulls or muskrats are mostly nocturnal, but they do appear at times during the day.', 'We can assume that soybeans inhibit mammary tumors in models of breast cancer.']
|
The statement 'ostriches stick their heads in the sand to look for water' can be considered false. At least one of two things is true: either workbooks are to be used to reinforce learning, for supplementary instruction and for enrichment or monkeys possess ancestors, or water is a polar molecule as show in the figure below. If either workbooks are to be used to reinforce learning, for supplementary instruction and for enrichment or monkeys possess ancestors, then it is not the case that good nutrition is so important to women, no matter what sport they choose. Given that water is a polar molecule as show in the figure below, it can be inferred that it is not the case that good nutrition is so important to women, no matter what sport they choose. So long as herring gulls are gulls, 'ostriches stick their heads in the sand to look for water' is true. So long as muskrats are mostly nocturnal, but they do appear at times during the day, 'if those that suggest depression is a common mental illness that can affect people of all ages are wrong, then good nutrition is so important to women, no matter what sport they choose' is true. If soybeans inhibit mammary tumors in models of breast cancer, then either herring gulls are gulls or muskrats are mostly nocturnal, but they do appear at times during the day. We can assume that soybeans inhibit mammary tumors in models of breast cancer.
|
It is fair to say that depression is a common mental illness that can affect people of all ages.
|
The claim that depression is a common mental illness that can affect people of all ages has no merit.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC1-2]
Not [5].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [6] or [7]. [SC1-3]
If [6], then [5].
If [7], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
Therefore, Either [5] or (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [8], then (Either [6] or [7].).
[8]
Therefore, Either [6] or [7]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [2] or [3].) or [4].
If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not [1].).
If [4], then (Not [1].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Depression is a common mental illness that can affect people of all ages.', 1: 'Good nutrition is so important to women, no matter what sport they choose.', 2: 'Workbooks are to be used to reinforce learning, for supplementary instruction and for enrichment.', 3: 'Monkeys possess ancestors.', 4: 'Water is a polar molecule as show in the figure below.', 5: 'Ostriches stick their heads in the sand to look for water.', 6: 'Herring gulls are gulls.', 7: 'Muskrats are mostly nocturnal, but they do appear at times during the day.', 8: 'Soybeans inhibit mammary tumors in models of breast cancer.'}
| 5 |
4,886 |
['The claim that exotic invaders are plants and animals that come from somewhere else and arrive in North America is false.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: most bulbs contain filament, or either healthy snacks help to bridge the gap between meals or most dogs adapt to environments.', "Whenever it is true that most bulbs contain filament, 'if chimpanzees are capable of walking on their hind legs, but only with the toes turned inward, then the claim that either carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas of major concern in the study of global warming or turkeys graze through meadows lush is false' is true.", 'Either one or both of these statements are true: if russian knapweed is a creeping perennial that reproduces from seed and vegetative root buds, then a raccoon dog is a wild dog, or mineral soils are generally thin and poorly drained.', 'Provided that if russian knapweed is a creeping perennial that reproduces from seed and vegetative root buds, then a raccoon dog is a wild dog, we know that if the claim that if chimpanzees are capable of walking on their hind legs, but only with the toes turned inward, then either carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas of major concern in the study of global warming or turkeys graze through meadows lush does not correspond with reality, then exotic invaders are plants and animals that come from somewhere else and arrive in North America.', 'One may reasonably assume that if mineral soils are generally thin and poorly drained, then if the claim that if chimpanzees are capable of walking on their hind legs, but only with the toes turned inward, then either carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas of major concern in the study of global warming or turkeys graze through meadows lush does not correspond with reality, then exotic invaders are plants and animals that come from somewhere else and arrive in North America.', 'Assuming calcium carbonate is associated with acid rebound, we know that if either healthy snacks help to bridge the gap between meals or most dogs adapt to environments, then if chimpanzees are capable of walking on their hind legs, but only with the toes turned inward, then the claim that either carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas of major concern in the study of global warming or turkeys graze through meadows lush is false.', 'It is reasonable to believe that calcium carbonate is associated with acid rebound.']
|
The claim that exotic invaders are plants and animals that come from somewhere else and arrive in North America is false. We know that at least one of two things is true: most bulbs contain filament, or either healthy snacks help to bridge the gap between meals or most dogs adapt to environments. Whenever it is true that most bulbs contain filament, 'if chimpanzees are capable of walking on their hind legs, but only with the toes turned inward, then the claim that either carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas of major concern in the study of global warming or turkeys graze through meadows lush is false' is true. Either one or both of these statements are true: if russian knapweed is a creeping perennial that reproduces from seed and vegetative root buds, then a raccoon dog is a wild dog, or mineral soils are generally thin and poorly drained. Provided that if russian knapweed is a creeping perennial that reproduces from seed and vegetative root buds, then a raccoon dog is a wild dog, we know that if the claim that if chimpanzees are capable of walking on their hind legs, but only with the toes turned inward, then either carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas of major concern in the study of global warming or turkeys graze through meadows lush does not correspond with reality, then exotic invaders are plants and animals that come from somewhere else and arrive in North America. One may reasonably assume that if mineral soils are generally thin and poorly drained, then if the claim that if chimpanzees are capable of walking on their hind legs, but only with the toes turned inward, then either carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas of major concern in the study of global warming or turkeys graze through meadows lush does not correspond with reality, then exotic invaders are plants and animals that come from somewhere else and arrive in North America. Assuming calcium carbonate is associated with acid rebound, we know that if either healthy snacks help to bridge the gap between meals or most dogs adapt to environments, then if chimpanzees are capable of walking on their hind legs, but only with the toes turned inward, then the claim that either carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas of major concern in the study of global warming or turkeys graze through meadows lush is false. It is reasonable to believe that calcium carbonate is associated with acid rebound.
|
The statement, chimpanzees are capable of walking on their hind legs, but only with the toes turned inward, does not hold.
|
The statement, chimpanzees are capable of walking on their hind legs, but only with the toes turned inward, does not hold.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then (Either [1] or [2].). [SC1-1]
If [0], then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [0], then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then [6]. [SC1-2]
Not [6].
Therefore, If [0], then (Either [1] or [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [8], then [9].) or [10].
If (If [8], then [9].), then (If (Not (If [0], then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then [6].).
If [10], then (If (Not (If [0], then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then [6].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then [6]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or (Either [4] or [5].).
If [3], then (If [0], then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).).).
If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If [0], then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).).). [SC3-2]
Therefore, If [0], then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).)..
[SC3-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [7], then (If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If [0], then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).).).).
[7]
Therefore, If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If [0], then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).).)..
|
{0: 'Chimpanzees are capable of walking on their hind legs, but only with the toes turned inward.', 1: 'Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas of major concern in the study of global warming.', 2: 'Turkeys graze through meadows lush.', 3: 'Most bulbs contain filament.', 4: 'Healthy snacks help to bridge the gap between meals.', 5: 'Most dogs adapt to environments.', 6: 'Exotic invaders are plants and animals that come from somewhere else and arrive in North America.', 7: 'Calcium carbonate is associated with acid rebound.', 8: 'Russian knapweed is a creeping perennial that reproduces from seed and vegetative root buds.', 9: 'A raccoon dog is a wild dog.', 10: 'Mineral soils are generally thin and poorly drained.'}
| 5 |
4,144 |
['Given that cottontails have only one external opening for both anus and urethra, called the cloaca, it can be inferred that it is not the case that most plants reach maximum size.', 'If either magnetite occurs as microlites, and microphenocryst magnetite is exceptional and destabilized or query optimization is categorized into static and dynamic optimization, then most salamanders prefer streams.', "So long as those that suggest if cottontails have only one external opening for both anus and urethra, called the cloaca, then most plants reach maximum size are wrong, 'functionality refers to that designed for or adapted to a particular function or use' is true.", "On the condition that functionality refers to that designed for or adapted to a particular function or use, it is definitely the case that the statement 'most salamanders prefer streams' can be considered false.", 'We know that at least one of two things is true: either bacteria live in environments or some carapaces are part of dragonflies, or if those that suggest if cottontails have only one external opening for both anus and urethra, called the cloaca, then most plants reach maximum size are wrong, then either magnetite occurs as microlites, and microphenocryst magnetite is exceptional and destabilized or query optimization is categorized into static and dynamic optimization.', 'Some people mistakenly believe that either bacteria live in environments or some carapaces are part of dragonflies.']
|
Given that cottontails have only one external opening for both anus and urethra, called the cloaca, it can be inferred that it is not the case that most plants reach maximum size. If either magnetite occurs as microlites, and microphenocryst magnetite is exceptional and destabilized or query optimization is categorized into static and dynamic optimization, then most salamanders prefer streams. So long as those that suggest if cottontails have only one external opening for both anus and urethra, called the cloaca, then most plants reach maximum size are wrong, 'functionality refers to that designed for or adapted to a particular function or use' is true. On the condition that functionality refers to that designed for or adapted to a particular function or use, it is definitely the case that the statement 'most salamanders prefer streams' can be considered false. We know that at least one of two things is true: either bacteria live in environments or some carapaces are part of dragonflies, or if those that suggest if cottontails have only one external opening for both anus and urethra, called the cloaca, then most plants reach maximum size are wrong, then either magnetite occurs as microlites, and microphenocryst magnetite is exceptional and destabilized or query optimization is categorized into static and dynamic optimization. Some people mistakenly believe that either bacteria live in environments or some carapaces are part of dragonflies.
|
The claim that cottontails have only one external opening for both anus and urethra, called the cloaca has no merit.
|
The statement that states cottontails have only one external opening for both anus and urethra, called the cloaca is right.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
If [0], then (Not [1].).
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not [2].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Either [3] or [4].). [SC1-3]
If (Either [3] or [4].), then [2].
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2]..
[SC1-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [6] or [7].) or (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Either [3] or [4].).).
Not (Either [6] or [7].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Either [3] or [4].)..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [5].
If [5], then (Not [2].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not [2].)..
|
{0: 'Cottontails have only one external opening for both anus and urethra, called the cloaca.', 1: 'Most plants reach maximum size.', 2: 'Most salamanders prefer streams.', 3: 'Magnetite occurs as microlites, and microphenocryst magnetite is exceptional and destabilized.', 4: 'Query optimization is categorized into static and dynamic optimization.', 5: 'Functionality refers to that designed for or adapted to a particular function or use.', 6: 'Bacteria live in environments.', 7: 'Some carapaces are part of dragonflies.'}
| 5 |
4,767 |
['It is reasonable to believe that fibroid tumors constitute the most common indication for hysterectomy in the United States.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: if new mothers can wake in fright at night wondering whether their babies are still breathing, then ladybirds have (part) cell membranes, or ailment includes coronary diseases.', 'When ailment includes coronary diseases is true, it follows that if waterspouts are most likely to form when the clouds are growing, then if fibroid tumors constitute the most common indication for hysterectomy in the United States, then today there is more social mobility, an ability to rise and take initiative.', "It is a fact that either some birds can 'glide' on air currents without flapping or waterspouts are most likely to form when the clouds are growing.", "It is not the case that some birds can 'glide' on air currents without flapping.", 'Once we know it is a common misconception that if if new mothers can wake in fright at night wondering whether their babies are still breathing, then ladybirds have (part) cell membranes, then if waterspouts are most likely to form when the clouds are growing, then if fibroid tumors constitute the most common indication for hysterectomy in the United States, then today there is more social mobility, an ability to rise and take initiative, we also know that ontology isa knowledge.', "Assuming it is a common misconception that if if new mothers can wake in fright at night wondering whether their babies are still breathing, then ladybirds have (part) cell membranes, then if waterspouts are most likely to form when the clouds are growing, then if fibroid tumors constitute the most common indication for hysterectomy in the United States, then today there is more social mobility, an ability to rise and take initiative, we know that the statement that 'ontology isa knowledge' is incorrect."]
|
It is reasonable to believe that fibroid tumors constitute the most common indication for hysterectomy in the United States. Either one or both of these statements are true: if new mothers can wake in fright at night wondering whether their babies are still breathing, then ladybirds have (part) cell membranes, or ailment includes coronary diseases. When ailment includes coronary diseases is true, it follows that if waterspouts are most likely to form when the clouds are growing, then if fibroid tumors constitute the most common indication for hysterectomy in the United States, then today there is more social mobility, an ability to rise and take initiative. It is a fact that either some birds can 'glide' on air currents without flapping or waterspouts are most likely to form when the clouds are growing. It is not the case that some birds can 'glide' on air currents without flapping. Once we know it is a common misconception that if if new mothers can wake in fright at night wondering whether their babies are still breathing, then ladybirds have (part) cell membranes, then if waterspouts are most likely to form when the clouds are growing, then if fibroid tumors constitute the most common indication for hysterectomy in the United States, then today there is more social mobility, an ability to rise and take initiative, we also know that ontology isa knowledge. Assuming it is a common misconception that if if new mothers can wake in fright at night wondering whether their babies are still breathing, then ladybirds have (part) cell membranes, then if waterspouts are most likely to form when the clouds are growing, then if fibroid tumors constitute the most common indication for hysterectomy in the United States, then today there is more social mobility, an ability to rise and take initiative, we know that the statement that 'ontology isa knowledge' is incorrect.
|
It is fair to say that today there is more social mobility, an ability to rise and take initiative.
|
Today there are three types of cameras that can connect to a computer without using a video card.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If [1], then [0].). [SC1-2]
[2] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [4], then [5].) or [6].
If (If [4], then [5].), then (If [2], then (If [1], then [0].).). [SC2-3]
If [6], then (If [2], then (If [1], then [0].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (If [1], then [0].)..
[SC2-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (If [4], then [5].), then (If [2], then (If [1], then [0].).).).), then [7].
If (Not (If (If [4], then [5].), then (If [2], then (If [1], then [0].).).).), then (Not [7].).
Therefore, If (If [4], then [5].), then (If [2], then (If [1], then [0].).)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or [2].
Not [3].
Therefore, [2].
|
{0: 'Today there is more social mobility, an ability to rise and take initiative.', 1: 'Fibroid tumors constitute the most common indication for hysterectomy in the United States.', 2: 'Waterspouts are most likely to form when the clouds are growing.', 3: "Some birds can 'glide' on air currents without flapping.", 4: 'New mothers can wake in fright at night wondering whether their babies are still breathing.', 5: 'Ladybirds have (part) cell membranes.', 6: 'Ailment includes coronary diseases.', 7: 'Ontology isa knowledge.'}
| 5 |
4,999 |
['On the condition that water transfer is related to the porosity of the soil and the permeability of the soil profile, it is definitely the case that natural gas comes from two types of wells.', "So long as water transfer is related to the porosity of the soil and the permeability of the soil profile, 'many mosses are quite resistant to desiccation' is true.", 'Assuming many mosses are quite resistant to desiccation, we know that dielectric losses depend on frequency and the dielectric material.', 'One may reasonably assume that if it is not true that if dielectric losses depend on frequency and the dielectric material, then the claim that natural gas comes from two types of wells has no merit, then crank refers to any form of methamphetamine.', 'Either if strains occur when the muscles and ligaments around a joint are overworked or used incorrectly, then power requires conditions or either daughters attend top private board schools or nuSun oil has a heart-healthy fatty acid profile, high in monounsaturates.', "Once we know if strains occur when the muscles and ligaments around a joint are overworked or used incorrectly, then power requires conditions, we also know that if it is not true that if dielectric losses depend on frequency and the dielectric material, then the claim that natural gas comes from two types of wells has no merit, then the statement 'crank refers to any form of methamphetamine' can be considered false.", "One may reasonably assume that if either daughters attend top private board schools or nuSun oil has a heart-healthy fatty acid profile, high in monounsaturates, then if it is not true that if dielectric losses depend on frequency and the dielectric material, then the claim that natural gas comes from two types of wells has no merit, then the statement 'crank refers to any form of methamphetamine' can be considered false."]
|
On the condition that water transfer is related to the porosity of the soil and the permeability of the soil profile, it is definitely the case that natural gas comes from two types of wells. So long as water transfer is related to the porosity of the soil and the permeability of the soil profile, 'many mosses are quite resistant to desiccation' is true. Assuming many mosses are quite resistant to desiccation, we know that dielectric losses depend on frequency and the dielectric material. One may reasonably assume that if it is not true that if dielectric losses depend on frequency and the dielectric material, then the claim that natural gas comes from two types of wells has no merit, then crank refers to any form of methamphetamine. Either if strains occur when the muscles and ligaments around a joint are overworked or used incorrectly, then power requires conditions or either daughters attend top private board schools or nuSun oil has a heart-healthy fatty acid profile, high in monounsaturates. Once we know if strains occur when the muscles and ligaments around a joint are overworked or used incorrectly, then power requires conditions, we also know that if it is not true that if dielectric losses depend on frequency and the dielectric material, then the claim that natural gas comes from two types of wells has no merit, then the statement 'crank refers to any form of methamphetamine' can be considered false. One may reasonably assume that if either daughters attend top private board schools or nuSun oil has a heart-healthy fatty acid profile, high in monounsaturates, then if it is not true that if dielectric losses depend on frequency and the dielectric material, then the claim that natural gas comes from two types of wells has no merit, then the statement 'crank refers to any form of methamphetamine' can be considered false.
|
The claim that water transfer is related to the porosity of the soil and the permeability of the soil profile is false.
|
It is reasonable to believe that water transfer is related to the porosity of the soil and the permeability of the soil profile.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then [1].
If [0], then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [2]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (Not [1].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [3].
If [3], then [2].
Therefore, If [0], then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [2], then (Not [1].).).), then [4].
If (Not (If [2], then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [4].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [5], then [6].) or (Either [7] or [8].).
If (If [5], then [6].), then (If (Not (If [2], then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [4].).).
If (Either [7] or [8].), then (If (Not (If [2], then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [4].).).
Therefore, If (Not (If [2], then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [4].)..
|
{0: 'Water transfer is related to the porosity of the soil and the permeability of the soil profile.', 1: 'Natural gas comes from two types of wells.', 2: 'Dielectric losses depend on frequency and the dielectric material.', 3: 'Many mosses are quite resistant to desiccation.', 4: 'Crank refers to any form of methamphetamine.', 5: 'Strains occur when the muscles and ligaments around a joint are overworked or used incorrectly.', 6: 'Power requires conditions.', 7: 'Daughters attend top private board schools.', 8: 'NuSun oil has a heart-healthy fatty acid profile, high in monounsaturates.'}
| 5 |
4,467 |
["It is not the case that cicadas are harmless, though they're big enough to startle humans.", 'Provided that most vacuums have pressure, we know that a proteinase is an enzyme.', 'It is reasonable to believe that most vacuums have pressure.', "At least one of two things is true: either scientists think that there is liquid water under the ground on some moons, for example Europa or plants sing as they work The sun is the primary source in the Earth's food and energy chain, or methamphetamines pose a multi-faceted threat to society.", "When either scientists think that there is liquid water under the ground on some moons, for example Europa or plants sing as they work The sun is the primary source in the Earth's food and energy chain is true, it follows that if the claim that if a proteinase is an enzyme, then female reindeer retain their antlers until after they give birth in the spring does not reflect reality, then cicadas are harmless, though they're big enough to startle humans.", 'It is rational to believe that either sin goes through every part of our lives or either sustainable forests are healthy forests or recycling means reusing things.', "Given that sin goes through every part of our lives, it can be inferred that if methamphetamines pose a multi-faceted threat to society, then if the claim that if a proteinase is an enzyme, then female reindeer retain their antlers until after they give birth in the spring does not reflect reality, then cicadas are harmless, though they're big enough to startle humans.", "So long as either sustainable forests are healthy forests or recycling means reusing things, 'if methamphetamines pose a multi-faceted threat to society, then if the claim that if a proteinase is an enzyme, then female reindeer retain their antlers until after they give birth in the spring does not reflect reality, then cicadas are harmless, though they're big enough to startle humans' is true."]
|
It is not the case that cicadas are harmless, though they're big enough to startle humans. Provided that most vacuums have pressure, we know that a proteinase is an enzyme. It is reasonable to believe that most vacuums have pressure. At least one of two things is true: either scientists think that there is liquid water under the ground on some moons, for example Europa or plants sing as they work The sun is the primary source in the Earth's food and energy chain, or methamphetamines pose a multi-faceted threat to society. When either scientists think that there is liquid water under the ground on some moons, for example Europa or plants sing as they work The sun is the primary source in the Earth's food and energy chain is true, it follows that if the claim that if a proteinase is an enzyme, then female reindeer retain their antlers until after they give birth in the spring does not reflect reality, then cicadas are harmless, though they're big enough to startle humans. It is rational to believe that either sin goes through every part of our lives or either sustainable forests are healthy forests or recycling means reusing things. Given that sin goes through every part of our lives, it can be inferred that if methamphetamines pose a multi-faceted threat to society, then if the claim that if a proteinase is an enzyme, then female reindeer retain their antlers until after they give birth in the spring does not reflect reality, then cicadas are harmless, though they're big enough to startle humans. So long as either sustainable forests are healthy forests or recycling means reusing things, 'if methamphetamines pose a multi-faceted threat to society, then if the claim that if a proteinase is an enzyme, then female reindeer retain their antlers until after they give birth in the spring does not reflect reality, then cicadas are harmless, though they're big enough to startle humans' is true.
|
The statement that states female reindeer retain their antlers until after they give birth in the spring is right.
|
The statement that states female reindeer retain their antlers until after they give birth in the spring is right.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
Not [3].
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [4] or [5].) or [6].
If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [3].).
If [6], then (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [3].). [SC3-3]
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [3]..
[SC3-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [7] or (Either [8] or [9].).
If [7], then (If [6], then (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [3].).).
If (Either [8] or [9].), then (If [6], then (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [3].).).
Therefore, If [6], then (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [3].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then [1].
[2]
Therefore, [1].
|
{0: 'Female reindeer retain their antlers until after they give birth in the spring.', 1: 'A proteinase is an enzyme.', 2: 'Most vacuums have pressure.', 3: "Cicadas are harmless, though they're big enough to startle humans.", 4: 'Scientists think that there is liquid water under the ground on some moons, for example Europa.', 5: "Plants sing as they work The sun is the primary source in the Earth's food and energy chain.", 6: 'Methamphetamines pose a multi-faceted threat to society.', 7: 'Sin goes through every part of our lives.', 8: 'Sustainable forests are healthy forests.', 9: 'Recycling means reusing things.'}
| 5 |
4,315 |
['One may reasonably assume that if it is not true that if computers are nearly as ubiquitous as telephones or photocopiers, then stereophonic records are recorder with the aid of two separate microphones, then either zoospores are biflagellate or private detectives obtain information.', "On the condition that the statement, if it is not true that if computers are nearly as ubiquitous as telephones or photocopiers, then stereophonic records are recorder with the aid of two separate microphones, then the statement that 'either zoospores are biflagellate or private detectives obtain information' is incorrect, does not hold, it is definitely the case that the claim that either fire is, of course, important for heat production and for cooking of food or nutrition is important in keeping teeth and gums healthy does not correspond with reality.", "Whenever it is true that the claim that if oxidation leads to the formation of acids, varnish and sludge deposits, then if the statement, if it is not true that if computers are nearly as ubiquitous as telephones or photocopiers, then stereophonic records are recorder with the aid of two separate microphones, then the statement that 'either zoospores are biflagellate or private detectives obtain information' is incorrect, does not hold, then either fire is, of course, important for heat production and for cooking of food or nutrition is important in keeping teeth and gums healthy is false, 'either mucunas are shrubs or trainers help athletes stay healthy and in competitive physical shape' is true.", "Assuming the claim that if oxidation leads to the formation of acids, varnish and sludge deposits, then if the statement, if it is not true that if computers are nearly as ubiquitous as telephones or photocopiers, then stereophonic records are recorder with the aid of two separate microphones, then the statement that 'either zoospores are biflagellate or private detectives obtain information' is incorrect, does not hold, then either fire is, of course, important for heat production and for cooking of food or nutrition is important in keeping teeth and gums healthy is false, we know that it is not the case that either mucunas are shrubs or trainers help athletes stay healthy and in competitive physical shape.", 'Once we know we know that the claim that oxidation leads to the formation of acids, varnish and sludge deposits is false, we also know that anxiety seems to be higher among the lower classes of society.', 'Provided that we know that the claim that oxidation leads to the formation of acids, varnish and sludge deposits is false, we know that the claim that anxiety seems to be higher among the lower classes of society does not reflect reality.']
|
One may reasonably assume that if it is not true that if computers are nearly as ubiquitous as telephones or photocopiers, then stereophonic records are recorder with the aid of two separate microphones, then either zoospores are biflagellate or private detectives obtain information. On the condition that the statement, if it is not true that if computers are nearly as ubiquitous as telephones or photocopiers, then stereophonic records are recorder with the aid of two separate microphones, then the statement that 'either zoospores are biflagellate or private detectives obtain information' is incorrect, does not hold, it is definitely the case that the claim that either fire is, of course, important for heat production and for cooking of food or nutrition is important in keeping teeth and gums healthy does not correspond with reality. Whenever it is true that the claim that if oxidation leads to the formation of acids, varnish and sludge deposits, then if the statement, if it is not true that if computers are nearly as ubiquitous as telephones or photocopiers, then stereophonic records are recorder with the aid of two separate microphones, then the statement that 'either zoospores are biflagellate or private detectives obtain information' is incorrect, does not hold, then either fire is, of course, important for heat production and for cooking of food or nutrition is important in keeping teeth and gums healthy is false, 'either mucunas are shrubs or trainers help athletes stay healthy and in competitive physical shape' is true. Assuming the claim that if oxidation leads to the formation of acids, varnish and sludge deposits, then if the statement, if it is not true that if computers are nearly as ubiquitous as telephones or photocopiers, then stereophonic records are recorder with the aid of two separate microphones, then the statement that 'either zoospores are biflagellate or private detectives obtain information' is incorrect, does not hold, then either fire is, of course, important for heat production and for cooking of food or nutrition is important in keeping teeth and gums healthy is false, we know that it is not the case that either mucunas are shrubs or trainers help athletes stay healthy and in competitive physical shape. Once we know we know that the claim that oxidation leads to the formation of acids, varnish and sludge deposits is false, we also know that anxiety seems to be higher among the lower classes of society. Provided that we know that the claim that oxidation leads to the formation of acids, varnish and sludge deposits is false, we know that the claim that anxiety seems to be higher among the lower classes of society does not reflect reality.
|
Provided that computers are nearly as ubiquitous as telephones or photocopiers, we know that stereophonic records are recorder with the aid of two separate microphones
|
Provided that computers are nearly as ubiquitous as telephones or photocopiers, we know that stereophonic records are recorder with the aid of two separate microphones
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].).
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).). [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).).).), then (Either [4] or [5].). [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).).).), then (Not (Either [4] or [5].).).
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).).).), then (Either [4] or [5].).). [SC1-3]
[6] [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).).).), then (Either [4] or [5].)..
[SC1-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [6], then (If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).).).), then (Either [4] or [5].).).).), then (Either [7] or [8].).
If (Not (If [6], then (If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).).).), then (Either [4] or [5].).).).), then (Not (Either [7] or [8].).).
Therefore, If [6], then (If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).).).), then (Either [4] or [5].).)..
[SC2-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [6].), then [9].
If (Not [6].), then (Not [9].).
Therefore, [6].
|
{0: 'Computers are nearly as ubiquitous as telephones or photocopiers.', 1: 'Stereophonic records are recorder with the aid of two separate microphones.', 2: 'Zoospores are biflagellate.', 3: 'Private detectives obtain information.', 4: 'Fire is, of course, important for heat production and for cooking of food.', 5: 'Nutrition is important in keeping teeth and gums healthy.', 6: 'Oxidation leads to the formation of acids, varnish and sludge deposits.', 7: 'Mucunas are shrubs.', 8: 'Trainers help athletes stay healthy and in competitive physical shape.', 9: 'Anxiety seems to be higher among the lower classes of society.'}
| 5 |
4,989 |
['It is not true that divine love is far different from human love.', "So long as the claim that tricepses have (part) myofibril is false, 'dryers are located in basements' is true.", "When the statement that 'if the statement that states if dryers are located in basements, then divine love is far different from human love is false, then most monocots have simple leaves, while dicots can have simple or compound leaves' is incorrect is true, it follows that some animals consume bloodroots.", "Assuming the statement that 'if the statement that states if dryers are located in basements, then divine love is far different from human love is false, then most monocots have simple leaves, while dicots can have simple or compound leaves' is incorrect, we know that some people mistakenly believe that some animals consume bloodroots.", 'We know that either a fence is a barrier or love is the language that every heart speaks.', "So long as a fence is a barrier, 'if the statement that states if dryers are located in basements, then divine love is far different from human love is false, then the claim that most monocots have simple leaves, while dicots can have simple or compound leaves is false' is true.", 'Given that love is the language that every heart speaks, it can be inferred that if the statement that states if dryers are located in basements, then divine love is far different from human love is false, then the claim that most monocots have simple leaves, while dicots can have simple or compound leaves is false.']
|
It is not true that divine love is far different from human love. So long as the claim that tricepses have (part) myofibril is false, 'dryers are located in basements' is true. When the statement that 'if the statement that states if dryers are located in basements, then divine love is far different from human love is false, then most monocots have simple leaves, while dicots can have simple or compound leaves' is incorrect is true, it follows that some animals consume bloodroots. Assuming the statement that 'if the statement that states if dryers are located in basements, then divine love is far different from human love is false, then most monocots have simple leaves, while dicots can have simple or compound leaves' is incorrect, we know that some people mistakenly believe that some animals consume bloodroots. We know that either a fence is a barrier or love is the language that every heart speaks. So long as a fence is a barrier, 'if the statement that states if dryers are located in basements, then divine love is far different from human love is false, then the claim that most monocots have simple leaves, while dicots can have simple or compound leaves is false' is true. Given that love is the language that every heart speaks, it can be inferred that if the statement that states if dryers are located in basements, then divine love is far different from human love is false, then the claim that most monocots have simple leaves, while dicots can have simple or compound leaves is false.
|
It is reasonable to believe that tricepses have (part) myofibril.
|
Triceps isa muscle.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then [2].
If [2], then [1]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [2], then [1].).), then [3]. [SC1-3]
If (Not (If [2], then [1].).), then (Not [3].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [2], then [1]..
[SC1-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If [2], then [1].).), then [3].).), then [4].
If (Not (If (Not (If [2], then [1].).), then [3].).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [2], then [1].).), then [3]..
[SC2-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (If (Not (If [2], then [1].).), then (Not [3].).).
If [6], then (If (Not (If [2], then [1].).), then (Not [3].).).
Therefore, If (Not (If [2], then [1].).), then (Not [3].)..
|
{0: 'Tricepses have (part) myofibril.', 1: 'Divine love is far different from human love.', 2: 'Dryers are located in basements.', 3: 'Most monocots have simple leaves, while dicots can have simple or compound leaves.', 4: 'Some animals consume bloodroots.', 5: 'A fence is a barrier.', 6: 'Love is the language that every heart speaks.'}
| 5 |
4,922 |
['Should it be the case that either sea anemones eat crabs or varietal purity indicates genetic purity of the seed, it follows that email marketing is probably the most effective means of building an online business.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: sea anemones eat crabs, or varietal purity indicates genetic purity of the seed.', 'Given that the statement, if email marketing is probably the most effective means of building an online business, then the statement, smoking rates are alarmingly high for teenage girls, does not hold, does not hold, it can be inferred that turtles possess blood.', "Whenever it is true that turtles possess blood, 'either stained glass is an art form for an illiterate society or poverty has different meanings' is true.", "Whenever it is true that either stained glass is an art form for an illiterate society or poverty has different meanings, 'most people drink water' is true.", "The statement 'most people drink water' can be considered false."]
|
Should it be the case that either sea anemones eat crabs or varietal purity indicates genetic purity of the seed, it follows that email marketing is probably the most effective means of building an online business. We know that at least one of two things is true: sea anemones eat crabs, or varietal purity indicates genetic purity of the seed. Given that the statement, if email marketing is probably the most effective means of building an online business, then the statement, smoking rates are alarmingly high for teenage girls, does not hold, does not hold, it can be inferred that turtles possess blood. Whenever it is true that turtles possess blood, 'either stained glass is an art form for an illiterate society or poverty has different meanings' is true. Whenever it is true that either stained glass is an art form for an illiterate society or poverty has different meanings, 'most people drink water' is true. The statement 'most people drink water' can be considered false.
|
The statement, smoking rates are alarmingly high for teenage girls, does not hold.
|
The claim that smoking rates are alarmingly high for teenage girls is true.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then (Either [4] or [5].). [SC1-2]
Not (Either [4] or [5].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then [7].
If [7], then (Either [4] or [5].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then (Either [4] or [5].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Either [4] or [5].), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, Not (Either [4] or [5].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [2] or [3].), then [1].
Either [2] or [3].
Therefore, [1].
|
{0: 'Smoking rates are alarmingly high for teenage girls.', 1: 'Email marketing is probably the most effective means of building an online business.', 2: 'Sea anemones eat crabs.', 3: 'Varietal purity indicates genetic purity of the seed.', 4: 'Stained glass is an art form for an illiterate society.', 5: 'Poverty has different meanings.', 6: 'Most people drink water.', 7: 'Turtles possess blood.'}
| 5 |
4,717 |
['One may reasonably assume that if beans are a warm season crop which prefers fertile, well-drained soils, then sediment runoff is a major environmental problem in the western basin of Lake Erie.', "On the condition that zoologists say it's a mammal because it has fur and is warm-blooded, it is definitely the case that information is a commodity.", 'At least one of two things is true: largemouths have (part) largemouth bass, or either cars have (part) hood ornaments or carnivores feed on arthropods.', 'The claim that largemouths have (part) largemouth bass does not correspond with reality.', "Assuming the claim that if cars have (part) hood ornaments, then either beans are a warm season crop which prefers fertile, well-drained soils or zoologists say it's a mammal because it has fur and is warm-blooded is false, we know that high tide is when the best waves come in.", 'It is a common misconception that high tide is when the best waves come in.', "If if proper vegetation helps take moisture from the ground and the system, then conflict management is a fast-growing and increasingly influential field, then if carnivores feed on arthropods, then either beans are a warm season crop which prefers fertile, well-drained soils or zoologists say it's a mammal because it has fur and is warm-blooded.", 'When proper vegetation helps take moisture from the ground and the system is true, it follows that conflict management is a fast-growing and increasingly influential field.']
|
One may reasonably assume that if beans are a warm season crop which prefers fertile, well-drained soils, then sediment runoff is a major environmental problem in the western basin of Lake Erie. On the condition that zoologists say it's a mammal because it has fur and is warm-blooded, it is definitely the case that information is a commodity. At least one of two things is true: largemouths have (part) largemouth bass, or either cars have (part) hood ornaments or carnivores feed on arthropods. The claim that largemouths have (part) largemouth bass does not correspond with reality. Assuming the claim that if cars have (part) hood ornaments, then either beans are a warm season crop which prefers fertile, well-drained soils or zoologists say it's a mammal because it has fur and is warm-blooded is false, we know that high tide is when the best waves come in. It is a common misconception that high tide is when the best waves come in. If if proper vegetation helps take moisture from the ground and the system, then conflict management is a fast-growing and increasingly influential field, then if carnivores feed on arthropods, then either beans are a warm season crop which prefers fertile, well-drained soils or zoologists say it's a mammal because it has fur and is warm-blooded. When proper vegetation helps take moisture from the ground and the system is true, it follows that conflict management is a fast-growing and increasingly influential field.
|
It is rational to believe that either sediment runoff is a major environmental problem in the western basin of Lake Erie or information is a commodity.
|
It is rational to believe that either sediment runoff is a major environmental problem in the western basin of Lake Erie or information is a commodity.
|
TRUE
|
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-1]
If [2], then [0].
If [3], then [1].
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5]. [SC1-2]
If [4], then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC2-2]
If [5], then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (Either [4] or [5].).
Not [6].
Therefore, Either [4] or [5]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [4], then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then [9].
Not [9].
Therefore, If [4], then (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC3-2]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [7], then [8].), then (If [5], then (Either [2] or [3].).).
If [7], then [8].
Therefore, If [5], then (Either [2] or [3].)..
|
{0: 'Sediment runoff is a major environmental problem in the western basin of Lake Erie.', 1: 'Information is a commodity.', 2: 'Beans are a warm season crop which prefers fertile, well-drained soils.', 3: "Zoologists say it's a mammal because it has fur and is warm-blooded.", 4: 'Cars have (part) hood ornaments.', 5: 'Carnivores feed on arthropods.', 6: 'Largemouths have (part) largemouth bass.', 7: 'Proper vegetation helps take moisture from the ground and the system.', 8: 'Conflict management is a fast-growing and increasingly influential field.', 9: 'High tide is when the best waves come in.'}
| 5 |
4,458 |
["So long as either a stunt kite is a kite or walls always receive some reflected shortwave radiation from their surroundings, 'life is born to animals and humans, and some plant and animal life change lots over their lifetimes' is true.", "So long as ice creams come in the same flavor topped with hot chocolate, 'life is born to animals and humans, and some plant and animal life change lots over their lifetimes' is true.", "Should it be the case that the statement 'either bacteria are tiny enzyme factories or if pharmaceutical companies base their prices on local supply and demand, then capital punishment is one of the most popularly debated topics in the nation today' can be considered false, it follows that many rockweeds have air bladders called pneumatocysts that float their fronds closer to the light.", "On the condition that the statement 'either bacteria are tiny enzyme factories or if pharmaceutical companies base their prices on local supply and demand, then capital punishment is one of the most popularly debated topics in the nation today' can be considered false, it is definitely the case that the statement that 'many rockweeds have air bladders called pneumatocysts that float their fronds closer to the light' is incorrect.", 'We know that either heavy infestations can occur in spring and summer and cause heavy defoliation of younger trees or either eye patches are useful for periods of sleep, to further protect the eye or hyphae are produced by fungi.', "So long as heavy infestations can occur in spring and summer and cause heavy defoliation of younger trees, 'if bacteria are tiny enzyme factories, then either a stunt kite is a kite or walls always receive some reflected shortwave radiation from their surroundings' is true.", 'Given that either eye patches are useful for periods of sleep, to further protect the eye or hyphae are produced by fungi, it can be inferred that if bacteria are tiny enzyme factories, then either a stunt kite is a kite or walls always receive some reflected shortwave radiation from their surroundings.', "Whenever it is true that short nails interfere with traction, 'if if pharmaceutical companies base their prices on local supply and demand, then capital punishment is one of the most popularly debated topics in the nation today, then ice creams come in the same flavor topped with hot chocolate' is true.", 'Those that suggest short nails interfere with traction are right.']
|
So long as either a stunt kite is a kite or walls always receive some reflected shortwave radiation from their surroundings, 'life is born to animals and humans, and some plant and animal life change lots over their lifetimes' is true. So long as ice creams come in the same flavor topped with hot chocolate, 'life is born to animals and humans, and some plant and animal life change lots over their lifetimes' is true. Should it be the case that the statement 'either bacteria are tiny enzyme factories or if pharmaceutical companies base their prices on local supply and demand, then capital punishment is one of the most popularly debated topics in the nation today' can be considered false, it follows that many rockweeds have air bladders called pneumatocysts that float their fronds closer to the light. On the condition that the statement 'either bacteria are tiny enzyme factories or if pharmaceutical companies base their prices on local supply and demand, then capital punishment is one of the most popularly debated topics in the nation today' can be considered false, it is definitely the case that the statement that 'many rockweeds have air bladders called pneumatocysts that float their fronds closer to the light' is incorrect. We know that either heavy infestations can occur in spring and summer and cause heavy defoliation of younger trees or either eye patches are useful for periods of sleep, to further protect the eye or hyphae are produced by fungi. So long as heavy infestations can occur in spring and summer and cause heavy defoliation of younger trees, 'if bacteria are tiny enzyme factories, then either a stunt kite is a kite or walls always receive some reflected shortwave radiation from their surroundings' is true. Given that either eye patches are useful for periods of sleep, to further protect the eye or hyphae are produced by fungi, it can be inferred that if bacteria are tiny enzyme factories, then either a stunt kite is a kite or walls always receive some reflected shortwave radiation from their surroundings. Whenever it is true that short nails interfere with traction, 'if if pharmaceutical companies base their prices on local supply and demand, then capital punishment is one of the most popularly debated topics in the nation today, then ice creams come in the same flavor topped with hot chocolate' is true. Those that suggest short nails interfere with traction are right.
|
Those that suggest life is born to animals and humans, and some plant and animal life change lots over their lifetimes are right.
|
Those that suggest life is born to animals and humans, and some plant and animal life change lots over their lifetimes are right.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [3]. [SC1-1]
If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].
If [3], then [0].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [4] or (If [5], then [6].). [SC1-2]
If [4], then (Either [1] or [2].). [SC2-2]
If (If [5], then [6].), then [3]. [SC3-2]
Therefore, Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [3]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [4] or (If [5], then [6].).).), then [7].
If (Not (Either [4] or (If [5], then [6].).).), then (Not [7].).
Therefore, Either [4] or (If [5], then [6].)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [9] or (Either [10] or [11].).
If [9], then (If [4], then (Either [1] or [2].).).
If (Either [10] or [11].), then (If [4], then (Either [1] or [2].).).
Therefore, If [4], then (Either [1] or [2].)..
[SC3-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [8], then (If (If [5], then [6].), then [3].).
[8]
Therefore, If (If [5], then [6].), then [3]..
|
{0: 'Life is born to animals and humans, and some plant and animal life change lots over their lifetimes.', 1: 'A stunt kite is a kite.', 2: 'Walls always receive some reflected shortwave radiation from their surroundings.', 3: 'Ice creams come in the same flavor topped with hot chocolate.', 4: 'Bacteria are tiny enzyme factories.', 5: 'Pharmaceutical companies base their prices on local supply and demand.', 6: 'Capital punishment is one of the most popularly debated topics in the nation today.', 7: 'Many rockweeds have air bladders called pneumatocysts that float their fronds closer to the light.', 8: 'Short nails interfere with traction.', 9: 'Heavy infestations can occur in spring and summer and cause heavy defoliation of younger trees.', 10: 'Eye patches are useful for periods of sleep, to further protect the eye.', 11: 'Hyphae are produced by fungi.'}
| 5 |
4,773 |
['The claim that television is a horizontal medium is false.', "Should it be the case that those that suggest if some people have gifts of intellect, then back pain is now the nation's leading disability are wrong, it follows that if grapefruit has (part) grapefruit peels, then viscosity offers the ability to change the Blend Mode of a layer.", "Whenever it is true that back pain is now the nation's leading disability, 'moths fly from last years field to the current years field' is true.", 'Once we know moths fly from last years field to the current years field, we also know that television is a horizontal medium.', "Should it be the case that the claim that if those that suggest if some people have gifts of intellect, then back pain is now the nation's leading disability are wrong, then the statement that states if grapefruit has (part) grapefruit peels, then viscosity offers the ability to change the Blend Mode of a layer is false has no merit, it follows that fathers work for years.", "Should it be the case that the claim that if those that suggest if some people have gifts of intellect, then back pain is now the nation's leading disability are wrong, then the statement that states if grapefruit has (part) grapefruit peels, then viscosity offers the ability to change the Blend Mode of a layer is false has no merit, it follows that the statement that states fathers work for years is false."]
|
The claim that television is a horizontal medium is false. Should it be the case that those that suggest if some people have gifts of intellect, then back pain is now the nation's leading disability are wrong, it follows that if grapefruit has (part) grapefruit peels, then viscosity offers the ability to change the Blend Mode of a layer. Whenever it is true that back pain is now the nation's leading disability, 'moths fly from last years field to the current years field' is true. Once we know moths fly from last years field to the current years field, we also know that television is a horizontal medium. Should it be the case that the claim that if those that suggest if some people have gifts of intellect, then back pain is now the nation's leading disability are wrong, then the statement that states if grapefruit has (part) grapefruit peels, then viscosity offers the ability to change the Blend Mode of a layer is false has no merit, it follows that fathers work for years. Should it be the case that the claim that if those that suggest if some people have gifts of intellect, then back pain is now the nation's leading disability are wrong, then the statement that states if grapefruit has (part) grapefruit peels, then viscosity offers the ability to change the Blend Mode of a layer is false has no merit, it follows that the statement that states fathers work for years is false.
|
It is a common misconception that some people have gifts of intellect.
|
The claim that some people also experience tingling or numbness around the mouth, or find that foods taste strange has no merit.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [2]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then [1]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [0], then [2].).), then (If [4], then [5].).
If (Not (If [0], then [2].).), then (Not (If [4], then [5].).). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [0], then [2]..
[SC2-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then [2].).), then (Not (If [4], then [5].).).).), then [6].
If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then [2].).), then (Not (If [4], then [5].).).).), then (Not [6].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then [2].).), then (Not (If [4], then [5].).)..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [3].
If [3], then [1].
Therefore, If [2], then [1]..
|
{0: 'Some people have gifts of intellect.', 1: 'Television is a horizontal medium.', 2: "Back pain is now the nation's leading disability.", 3: 'Moths fly from last years field to the current years field.', 4: 'Grapefruit has (part) grapefruit peels.', 5: 'Viscosity offers the ability to change the Blend Mode of a layer.', 6: 'Fathers work for years.'}
| 5 |
4,204 |
['It is rational to believe that either modulus is coefficients or folic acid is implicated indirectly in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.', "Whenever it is true that folic acid is implicated indirectly in the prevention of cardiovascular disease, 'if we know that the claim that some fungi play major roles is false, then varicoceles occur more often in infertile men than in males who are fertile' is true.", 'It is rational to believe that either pasteurization destroys weed seeds, insects, and disease pathogens in the soil mix or a bobbin is a winder.', "Assuming a bobbin is a winder, we know that if we know that the claim that some fungi play major roles is false, then the statement 'varicoceles occur more often in infertile men than in males who are fertile' can be considered false.", "Whenever it is true that it is a common misconception that if modulus is coefficients, then if we know that the claim that some fungi play major roles is false, then varicoceles occur more often in infertile men than in males who are fertile, 'most hornets have venom' is true.", 'Given that it is a common misconception that if modulus is coefficients, then if we know that the claim that some fungi play major roles is false, then varicoceles occur more often in infertile men than in males who are fertile, it can be inferred that the statement, most hornets have venom, does not hold.', "If stereotypes are overgeneralizations and oversimplifications, then if pasteurization destroys weed seeds, insects, and disease pathogens in the soil mix, then if we know that the claim that some fungi play major roles is false, then the statement 'varicoceles occur more often in infertile men than in males who are fertile' can be considered false.", 'It is true that stereotypes are overgeneralizations and oversimplifications.']
|
It is rational to believe that either modulus is coefficients or folic acid is implicated indirectly in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Whenever it is true that folic acid is implicated indirectly in the prevention of cardiovascular disease, 'if we know that the claim that some fungi play major roles is false, then varicoceles occur more often in infertile men than in males who are fertile' is true. It is rational to believe that either pasteurization destroys weed seeds, insects, and disease pathogens in the soil mix or a bobbin is a winder. Assuming a bobbin is a winder, we know that if we know that the claim that some fungi play major roles is false, then the statement 'varicoceles occur more often in infertile men than in males who are fertile' can be considered false. Whenever it is true that it is a common misconception that if modulus is coefficients, then if we know that the claim that some fungi play major roles is false, then varicoceles occur more often in infertile men than in males who are fertile, 'most hornets have venom' is true. Given that it is a common misconception that if modulus is coefficients, then if we know that the claim that some fungi play major roles is false, then varicoceles occur more often in infertile men than in males who are fertile, it can be inferred that the statement, most hornets have venom, does not hold. If stereotypes are overgeneralizations and oversimplifications, then if pasteurization destroys weed seeds, insects, and disease pathogens in the soil mix, then if we know that the claim that some fungi play major roles is false, then the statement 'varicoceles occur more often in infertile men than in males who are fertile' can be considered false. It is true that stereotypes are overgeneralizations and oversimplifications.
|
The statement 'some fungi play major roles' is true.
|
The statement 'some fungi play major roles' is true.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC2-2]
If [5], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [4], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).), then [7].
If (Not (If [4], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).), then (Not [7].).
Therefore, If [4], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).). [SC2-2]
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).).
[6]
Therefore, If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).)..
|
{0: 'Some fungi play major roles.', 1: 'Varicoceles occur more often in infertile men than in males who are fertile.', 2: 'Pasteurization destroys weed seeds, insects, and disease pathogens in the soil mix.', 3: 'A bobbin is a winder.', 4: 'Modulus is coefficients.', 5: 'Folic acid is implicated indirectly in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.', 6: 'Stereotypes are overgeneralizations and oversimplifications.', 7: 'Most hornets have venom.'}
| 5 |
4,834 |
['We know that at least one of two things is true: cygnets eat insects, or stirrup isa device.', "Whenever it is true that stirrup isa device, 'the claim that great white sharks feed on marine animals does not correspond with reality' is true.", 'Should it be the case that the claim that either a malacca is a cane or plant requires little maintenance Survives in full sunlight, partial sunlight, and light shade does not correspond with reality, it follows that counselors are professionals.', 'Should it be the case that the claim that either a malacca is a cane or plant requires little maintenance Survives in full sunlight, partial sunlight, and light shade does not correspond with reality, it follows that the claim that counselors are professionals does not reflect reality.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: birds like to feel safe when bathing, so selecting the proper location is important, or marsh isa wetland.', 'One may reasonably assume that if birds like to feel safe when bathing, so selecting the proper location is important, then if a malacca is a cane, then if cygnets eat insects, then the claim that great white sharks feed on marine animals does not correspond with reality.', "So long as marsh isa wetland, 'if a malacca is a cane, then if cygnets eat insects, then the claim that great white sharks feed on marine animals does not correspond with reality' is true.", 'We know that either tents are made of flexible materials or canyon live oak series is common on very steep rocky slopes.', 'On the condition that tents are made of flexible materials, it is definitely the case that if plant requires little maintenance Survives in full sunlight, partial sunlight, and light shade, then if cygnets eat insects, then the claim that great white sharks feed on marine animals does not correspond with reality.', "Whenever it is true that canyon live oak series is common on very steep rocky slopes, 'if plant requires little maintenance Survives in full sunlight, partial sunlight, and light shade, then if cygnets eat insects, then the claim that great white sharks feed on marine animals does not correspond with reality' is true."]
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: cygnets eat insects, or stirrup isa device. Whenever it is true that stirrup isa device, 'the claim that great white sharks feed on marine animals does not correspond with reality' is true. Should it be the case that the claim that either a malacca is a cane or plant requires little maintenance Survives in full sunlight, partial sunlight, and light shade does not correspond with reality, it follows that counselors are professionals. Should it be the case that the claim that either a malacca is a cane or plant requires little maintenance Survives in full sunlight, partial sunlight, and light shade does not correspond with reality, it follows that the claim that counselors are professionals does not reflect reality. Either one or both of these statements are true: birds like to feel safe when bathing, so selecting the proper location is important, or marsh isa wetland. One may reasonably assume that if birds like to feel safe when bathing, so selecting the proper location is important, then if a malacca is a cane, then if cygnets eat insects, then the claim that great white sharks feed on marine animals does not correspond with reality. So long as marsh isa wetland, 'if a malacca is a cane, then if cygnets eat insects, then the claim that great white sharks feed on marine animals does not correspond with reality' is true. We know that either tents are made of flexible materials or canyon live oak series is common on very steep rocky slopes. On the condition that tents are made of flexible materials, it is definitely the case that if plant requires little maintenance Survives in full sunlight, partial sunlight, and light shade, then if cygnets eat insects, then the claim that great white sharks feed on marine animals does not correspond with reality. Whenever it is true that canyon live oak series is common on very steep rocky slopes, 'if plant requires little maintenance Survives in full sunlight, partial sunlight, and light shade, then if cygnets eat insects, then the claim that great white sharks feed on marine animals does not correspond with reality' is true.
|
The claim that great white sharks feed on marine animals does not correspond with reality.
|
The claim that great white sharks eat fish does not reflect reality.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2].
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].).
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4]. [SC1-2]
If [3], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).). [SC2-2]
If [4], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).). [SC3-2]
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [3] or [4].).), then [7].
If (Not (Either [3] or [4].).), then (Not [7].).
Therefore, Either [3] or [4]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (If [3], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).
If [6], then (If [3], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).
Therefore, If [3], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).)..
[SC3-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [8] or [9].
If [8], then (If [4], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).
If [9], then (If [4], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).
Therefore, If [4], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).)..
|
{0: 'Great white sharks feed on marine animals.', 1: 'Cygnets eat insects.', 2: 'Stirrup isa device.', 3: 'A malacca is a cane.', 4: 'Plant requires little maintenance Survives in full sunlight, partial sunlight, and light shade.', 5: 'Birds like to feel safe when bathing, so selecting the proper location is important.', 6: 'Marsh isa wetland.', 7: 'Counselors are professionals.', 8: 'Tents are made of flexible materials.', 9: 'Canyon live oak series is common on very steep rocky slopes.'}
| 5 |
4,832 |
["Whenever it is true that chlorine is hard on everyting it comes in contact with, spa covers, skin filters, 'if the claim that most boils occur in sand, silt, or some combination is false, then if cartilage is a layer of smooth, soft, tissue, then tuners are part of tv' is true.", 'One may reasonably assume that if if products are located in shelfs, then australian has (part) legs, then if the claim that most boils occur in sand, silt, or some combination is false, then some people mistakenly believe that if cartilage is a layer of smooth, soft, tissue, then tuners are part of tv.', 'Provided that it is not true that chlorine is hard on everyting it comes in contact with, spa covers, skin filters, we know that figure skating is open to kids beginning at three years of age and moving through various levels.', "So long as it is not true that chlorine is hard on everyting it comes in contact with, spa covers, skin filters, 'the claim that figure skating is open to kids beginning at three years of age and moving through various levels has no merit' is true.", 'There is good reason to believe that either diversification occurs during time or crocodiles look for meals.', "So long as diversification occurs during time, 'if products are located in shelfs, then australian has (part) legs' is true.", 'Given that crocodiles look for meals, it can be inferred that if products are located in shelfs, then australian has (part) legs.']
|
Whenever it is true that chlorine is hard on everyting it comes in contact with, spa covers, skin filters, 'if the claim that most boils occur in sand, silt, or some combination is false, then if cartilage is a layer of smooth, soft, tissue, then tuners are part of tv' is true. One may reasonably assume that if if products are located in shelfs, then australian has (part) legs, then if the claim that most boils occur in sand, silt, or some combination is false, then some people mistakenly believe that if cartilage is a layer of smooth, soft, tissue, then tuners are part of tv. Provided that it is not true that chlorine is hard on everyting it comes in contact with, spa covers, skin filters, we know that figure skating is open to kids beginning at three years of age and moving through various levels. So long as it is not true that chlorine is hard on everyting it comes in contact with, spa covers, skin filters, 'the claim that figure skating is open to kids beginning at three years of age and moving through various levels has no merit' is true. There is good reason to believe that either diversification occurs during time or crocodiles look for meals. So long as diversification occurs during time, 'if products are located in shelfs, then australian has (part) legs' is true. Given that crocodiles look for meals, it can be inferred that if products are located in shelfs, then australian has (part) legs.
|
The statement 'most boils occur in sand, silt, or some combination' can be considered true.
|
Boils usually form around a hair follicle and are a painful, red bump with a white or yellow center.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].). [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).
[3] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].)..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [3].), then [6].
If (Not [3].), then (Not [6].).
Therefore, [3].
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [4], then [5].), then (If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).).).
If [4], then [5]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [7] or [8].
If [7], then (If [4], then [5].).
If [8], then (If [4], then [5].).
Therefore, If [4], then [5]..
|
{0: 'Most boils occur in sand, silt, or some combination.', 1: 'Cartilage is a layer of smooth, soft, tissue.', 2: 'Tuners are part of tv.', 3: 'Chlorine is hard on everyting it comes in contact with, spa covers, skin filters.', 4: 'Products are located in shelfs.', 5: 'Australian has (part) legs.', 6: 'Figure skating is open to kids beginning at three years of age and moving through various levels.', 7: 'Diversification occurs during time.', 8: 'Crocodiles look for meals.'}
| 5 |
4,435 |
['It is a common misconception that cholera is generally a disease spread by poor sanitation, resulting in contaminated water supplies.', 'We know that either lutes are stringed instruments or plants contain compounds.', "So long as plants contain compounds, 'if the statement, gravity tends to bring the ball back to ground surface, does not hold, then cholera is generally a disease spread by poor sanitation, resulting in contaminated water supplies' is true.", 'It is rational to believe that either green plants go through photosynthesis or if lutes are stringed instruments, then if the statement, gravity tends to bring the ball back to ground surface, does not hold, then cholera is generally a disease spread by poor sanitation, resulting in contaminated water supplies.', 'When optimal techniques depend on states is true, it follows that the claim that green plants go through photosynthesis does not correspond with reality.', 'One may reasonably assume that if either rape is rape, whether within or without the marriage relationship or mandarin trees produce fruit, then optimal techniques depend on states.', 'Either rape is rape, whether within or without the marriage relationship or mandarin trees produce fruit.']
|
It is a common misconception that cholera is generally a disease spread by poor sanitation, resulting in contaminated water supplies. We know that either lutes are stringed instruments or plants contain compounds. So long as plants contain compounds, 'if the statement, gravity tends to bring the ball back to ground surface, does not hold, then cholera is generally a disease spread by poor sanitation, resulting in contaminated water supplies' is true. It is rational to believe that either green plants go through photosynthesis or if lutes are stringed instruments, then if the statement, gravity tends to bring the ball back to ground surface, does not hold, then cholera is generally a disease spread by poor sanitation, resulting in contaminated water supplies. When optimal techniques depend on states is true, it follows that the claim that green plants go through photosynthesis does not correspond with reality. One may reasonably assume that if either rape is rape, whether within or without the marriage relationship or mandarin trees produce fruit, then optimal techniques depend on states. Either rape is rape, whether within or without the marriage relationship or mandarin trees produce fruit.
|
The idea that gravity tends to bring the ball back to ground surface is true.
|
It is a common misconception that gravity tends to bring the ball back to ground surface.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC2-2]
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).
Not [4]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC2-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (Not [4].).
[5] [SC2-4]
Therefore, Not [4]..
[SC2-4]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [6] or [7].), then [5].
Either [6] or [7].
Therefore, [5].
|
{0: 'Gravity tends to bring the ball back to ground surface.', 1: 'Cholera is generally a disease spread by poor sanitation, resulting in contaminated water supplies.', 2: 'Lutes are stringed instruments.', 3: 'Plants contain compounds.', 4: 'Green plants go through photosynthesis.', 5: 'Optimal techniques depend on states.', 6: 'Rape is rape, whether within or without the marriage relationship.', 7: 'Mandarin trees produce fruit.'}
| 5 |
4,005 |
["Once we know some people mistakenly believe that either fellowship is the giving and receiving our lives with one another or spittings causes disgust, we also know that manila is country's capital and premier gateway to country.", "Those that suggest manila is country's capital and premier gateway to country are wrong.", "The statement that 'carbon dioxide becomes airborne when fossil fuels, solid waste and wood products are burned' is incorrect.", 'Some people mistakenly believe that snowplows provide a fast, efficient way to keep roads open, but annual costs are often high.', "When the statement that 'either carbon dioxide becomes airborne when fossil fuels, solid waste and wood products are burned or the claim that fellowship is the giving and receiving our lives with one another has no merit' is incorrect is true, it follows that politicians are located in government.", 'Given that politicians are located in government, it can be inferred that snowplows provide a fast, efficient way to keep roads open, but annual costs are often high.']
|
Once we know some people mistakenly believe that either fellowship is the giving and receiving our lives with one another or spittings causes disgust, we also know that manila is country's capital and premier gateway to country. Those that suggest manila is country's capital and premier gateway to country are wrong. The statement that 'carbon dioxide becomes airborne when fossil fuels, solid waste and wood products are burned' is incorrect. Some people mistakenly believe that snowplows provide a fast, efficient way to keep roads open, but annual costs are often high. When the statement that 'either carbon dioxide becomes airborne when fossil fuels, solid waste and wood products are burned or the claim that fellowship is the giving and receiving our lives with one another has no merit' is incorrect is true, it follows that politicians are located in government. Given that politicians are located in government, it can be inferred that snowplows provide a fast, efficient way to keep roads open, but annual costs are often high.
|
The claim that spittings causes disgust holds true.
|
Spittings is used for pigs.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then [3].
Not [3].
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
Not [2].
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [2] or (Not [1].).).), then [4]. [SC1-3]
Not [4].
Therefore, Either [2] or (Not [1].)..
[SC1-3]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (Either [2] or (Not [1].).).), then [5].
If [5], then [4].
Therefore, If (Not (Either [2] or (Not [1].).).), then [4]..
|
{0: 'Spittings causes disgust.', 1: 'Fellowship is the giving and receiving our lives with one another.', 2: 'Carbon dioxide becomes airborne when fossil fuels, solid waste and wood products are burned.', 3: "Manila is country's capital and premier gateway to country.", 4: 'Snowplows provide a fast, efficient way to keep roads open, but annual costs are often high.', 5: 'Politicians are located in government.'}
| 5 |
4,769 |
["If the notion that 'if the statement that states snakes are important for keeping rodent populations in check and in turn are food for birds of prey is false, then farmers possess hens' is untrue, then cholesterol has several uses, one is for the manufacture of vitamin D .", 'Given that the statement that states snakes are important for keeping rodent populations in check and in turn are food for birds of prey is false, it can be inferred that either some hollow cavities contain fluid or mollusks relate to snails.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: religion means experience, or most memory devices store and retrieve data by addressing specific memory locations.', 'One may reasonably assume that if religion means experience, then the statement that states cholesterol has several uses, one is for the manufacture of vitamin D is false.', 'One may reasonably assume that if most memory devices store and retrieve data by addressing specific memory locations, then the statement that states cholesterol has several uses, one is for the manufacture of vitamin D is false.', 'Given that either some hollow cavities contain fluid or mollusks relate to snails, it can be inferred that rainbow trout are probably the most important sport trout in Minnesota.', 'Given that rainbow trout are probably the most important sport trout in Minnesota, it can be inferred that the claim that farmers possess hens does not correspond with reality.']
|
If the notion that 'if the statement that states snakes are important for keeping rodent populations in check and in turn are food for birds of prey is false, then farmers possess hens' is untrue, then cholesterol has several uses, one is for the manufacture of vitamin D . Given that the statement that states snakes are important for keeping rodent populations in check and in turn are food for birds of prey is false, it can be inferred that either some hollow cavities contain fluid or mollusks relate to snails. We know that at least one of two things is true: religion means experience, or most memory devices store and retrieve data by addressing specific memory locations. One may reasonably assume that if religion means experience, then the statement that states cholesterol has several uses, one is for the manufacture of vitamin D is false. One may reasonably assume that if most memory devices store and retrieve data by addressing specific memory locations, then the statement that states cholesterol has several uses, one is for the manufacture of vitamin D is false. Given that either some hollow cavities contain fluid or mollusks relate to snails, it can be inferred that rainbow trout are probably the most important sport trout in Minnesota. Given that rainbow trout are probably the most important sport trout in Minnesota, it can be inferred that the claim that farmers possess hens does not correspond with reality.
|
The statement 'snakes are important for keeping rodent populations in check and in turn are food for birds of prey' can be considered true.
|
The notion that 'snakes are important for keeping rodent populations in check and in turn are food for birds of prey' is untrue.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2].
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (Not [2].).
If [7], then (Not [2].).
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then (Either [3] or [4].).
If (Either [3] or [4].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Either [3] or [4].), then [5].
If [5], then (Not [1].).
Therefore, If (Either [3] or [4].), then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Snakes are important for keeping rodent populations in check and in turn are food for birds of prey.', 1: 'Farmers possess hens.', 2: 'Cholesterol has several uses, one is for the manufacture of vitamin D .', 3: 'Some hollow cavities contain fluid.', 4: 'Mollusks relate to snails.', 5: 'Rainbow trout are probably the most important sport trout in Minnesota.', 6: 'Religion means experience.', 7: 'Most memory devices store and retrieve data by addressing specific memory locations.'}
| 5 |
4,679 |
["So long as extreme wrestling relies on high drama, conflict and bizarre gimmicks, 'beetles have (part) faces' is true.", 'It is a fact that either skewness measures the characteristics of the finest and coarsest particles in a deposit or either cops draw guns or if extreme wrestling relies on high drama, conflict and bizarre gimmicks, then those that suggest beetles have (part) faces are wrong.', 'The statement that states skewness measures the characteristics of the finest and coarsest particles in a deposit is false.', "One may reasonably assume that if if some bears are eaten by bears, then allergies are to penicillin, then the notion that 'cops draw guns' is untrue.", "So long as if justification is a legal term and looks at the pronouncement of a verdict, then airlocks allow entry and exit without the pressure problem, 'the notion that 'cops draw guns' is untrue' is true.", 'We know that at least one of two things is true: aldosterone increases the reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys, or either if some bears are eaten by bears, then allergies are to penicillin or if justification is a legal term and looks at the pronouncement of a verdict, then airlocks allow entry and exit without the pressure problem.', 'The statement, aldosterone increases the reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys, does not hold.']
|
So long as extreme wrestling relies on high drama, conflict and bizarre gimmicks, 'beetles have (part) faces' is true. It is a fact that either skewness measures the characteristics of the finest and coarsest particles in a deposit or either cops draw guns or if extreme wrestling relies on high drama, conflict and bizarre gimmicks, then those that suggest beetles have (part) faces are wrong. The statement that states skewness measures the characteristics of the finest and coarsest particles in a deposit is false. One may reasonably assume that if if some bears are eaten by bears, then allergies are to penicillin, then the notion that 'cops draw guns' is untrue. So long as if justification is a legal term and looks at the pronouncement of a verdict, then airlocks allow entry and exit without the pressure problem, 'the notion that 'cops draw guns' is untrue' is true. We know that at least one of two things is true: aldosterone increases the reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys, or either if some bears are eaten by bears, then allergies are to penicillin or if justification is a legal term and looks at the pronouncement of a verdict, then airlocks allow entry and exit without the pressure problem. The statement, aldosterone increases the reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys, does not hold.
|
We know that the claim that extreme wrestling relies on high drama, conflict and bizarre gimmicks is false.
|
We can assume that extreme wrestling relies on high drama, conflict and bizarre gimmicks.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then [1].
If [0], then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (If [0], then (Not [1].).). [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [7] or (Either [2] or (If [0], then (Not [1].).).).
Not [7].
Therefore, Either [2] or (If [0], then (Not [1].).)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [3], then [4].) or (If [5], then [6].). [SC1-3]
If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not [2].).
If (If [5], then [6].), then (Not [2].).
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC1-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [8] or (Either (If [3], then [4].) or (If [5], then [6].).).
Not [8].
Therefore, Either (If [3], then [4].) or (If [5], then [6].)..
|
{0: 'Extreme wrestling relies on high drama, conflict and bizarre gimmicks.', 1: 'Beetles have (part) faces.', 2: 'Cops draw guns.', 3: 'Some bears are eaten by bears.', 4: 'Allergies are to penicillin.', 5: 'Justification is a legal term and looks at the pronouncement of a verdict.', 6: 'Airlocks allow entry and exit without the pressure problem.', 7: 'Skewness measures the characteristics of the finest and coarsest particles in a deposit.', 8: 'Aldosterone increases the reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys.'}
| 5 |
4,722 |
['The claim that life is an important concept in Judaism is false.', 'Assuming if a ramekin is a dish, then some medications require blood tests to be carried out, we know that the claim that if anarchist criminology goes beyond reform and advocates the abolition of the criminal justice system, then economic opportunities remain in their communities to enable people to continue to live and prosper does not reflect reality.', 'We know that either mouses are located in offices or if flounder lives for years, then bones become more brittle as calcium is withdrawn.', 'Should it be the case that mouses are located in offices, it follows that if it is a common misconception that if it is not true that some critical factors determine the carrying capacity for humans on earth, then if a ramekin is a dish, then some medications require blood tests to be carried out, then life is an important concept in Judaism.', 'Assuming if flounder lives for years, then bones become more brittle as calcium is withdrawn, we know that if it is a common misconception that if it is not true that some critical factors determine the carrying capacity for humans on earth, then if a ramekin is a dish, then some medications require blood tests to be carried out, then life is an important concept in Judaism.', 'If food is crushed between hard spines on the tongue and the roof of the mouth, then if if a ramekin is a dish, then some medications require blood tests to be carried out, then if anarchist criminology goes beyond reform and advocates the abolition of the criminal justice system, then economic opportunities remain in their communities to enable people to continue to live and prosper.', "The statement 'food is crushed between hard spines on the tongue and the roof of the mouth' can be considered true."]
|
The claim that life is an important concept in Judaism is false. Assuming if a ramekin is a dish, then some medications require blood tests to be carried out, we know that the claim that if anarchist criminology goes beyond reform and advocates the abolition of the criminal justice system, then economic opportunities remain in their communities to enable people to continue to live and prosper does not reflect reality. We know that either mouses are located in offices or if flounder lives for years, then bones become more brittle as calcium is withdrawn. Should it be the case that mouses are located in offices, it follows that if it is a common misconception that if it is not true that some critical factors determine the carrying capacity for humans on earth, then if a ramekin is a dish, then some medications require blood tests to be carried out, then life is an important concept in Judaism. Assuming if flounder lives for years, then bones become more brittle as calcium is withdrawn, we know that if it is a common misconception that if it is not true that some critical factors determine the carrying capacity for humans on earth, then if a ramekin is a dish, then some medications require blood tests to be carried out, then life is an important concept in Judaism. If food is crushed between hard spines on the tongue and the roof of the mouth, then if if a ramekin is a dish, then some medications require blood tests to be carried out, then if anarchist criminology goes beyond reform and advocates the abolition of the criminal justice system, then economic opportunities remain in their communities to enable people to continue to live and prosper. The statement 'food is crushed between hard spines on the tongue and the roof of the mouth' can be considered true.
|
We can assume that some critical factors determine the carrying capacity for humans on earth.
|
The statement, some critical factors determine the carrying capacity for humans on earth, does not hold.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].). [SC1-1]
Not (If [1], then [2].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
Not [3].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or (If [7], then [8].).
If [6], then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then [3].).
If (If [7], then [8].), then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then [3].).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then [3]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (If [1], then [2].), then (If [4], then [5].). [SC1-2]
If (If [1], then [2].), then (Not (If [4], then [5].).).
Therefore, Not (If [1], then [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [9], then (If (If [1], then [2].), then (If [4], then [5].).).
[9]
Therefore, If (If [1], then [2].), then (If [4], then [5].)..
|
{0: 'Some critical factors determine the carrying capacity for humans on earth.', 1: 'A ramekin is a dish.', 2: 'Some medications require blood tests to be carried out.', 3: 'Life is an important concept in Judaism.', 4: 'Anarchist criminology goes beyond reform and advocates the abolition of the criminal justice system.', 5: 'Economic opportunities remain in their communities to enable people to continue to live and prosper.', 6: 'Mouses are located in offices.', 7: 'Flounder lives for years.', 8: 'Bones become more brittle as calcium is withdrawn.', 9: 'Food is crushed between hard spines on the tongue and the roof of the mouth.'}
| 5 |
4,215 |
['On the condition that those that suggest big guns are singles are wrong, it is definitely the case that all numerals are Arabic.', 'It is rational to believe that either either transportation contributes the largest share of air pollutants to the urban environment or legumes work well when mixed with a grass crop or respect is messages.', 'Should it be the case that either transportation contributes the largest share of air pollutants to the urban environment or legumes work well when mixed with a grass crop, it follows that violence is the solution to almost any kind of conflict.', 'Assuming respect is messages, we know that proteins are the main molecules for energy transduction and signal sensing in living systems.', "Whenever it is true that the statement that states if violence is the solution to almost any kind of conflict, then if those that suggest big guns are singles are wrong, then those that suggest all numerals are Arabic are wrong is false, 'beliefs are powerful engines that drive autonomic and automatic behavior' is true.", 'The claim that beliefs are powerful engines that drive autonomic and automatic behavior does not reflect reality.', 'If proteins are the main molecules for energy transduction and signal sensing in living systems, then infected mothers produce virus in their breast milk, which is transferred to nursing pups.', 'Given that infected mothers produce virus in their breast milk, which is transferred to nursing pups, it can be inferred that if those that suggest big guns are singles are wrong, then those that suggest all numerals are Arabic are wrong.']
|
On the condition that those that suggest big guns are singles are wrong, it is definitely the case that all numerals are Arabic. It is rational to believe that either either transportation contributes the largest share of air pollutants to the urban environment or legumes work well when mixed with a grass crop or respect is messages. Should it be the case that either transportation contributes the largest share of air pollutants to the urban environment or legumes work well when mixed with a grass crop, it follows that violence is the solution to almost any kind of conflict. Assuming respect is messages, we know that proteins are the main molecules for energy transduction and signal sensing in living systems. Whenever it is true that the statement that states if violence is the solution to almost any kind of conflict, then if those that suggest big guns are singles are wrong, then those that suggest all numerals are Arabic are wrong is false, 'beliefs are powerful engines that drive autonomic and automatic behavior' is true. The claim that beliefs are powerful engines that drive autonomic and automatic behavior does not reflect reality. If proteins are the main molecules for energy transduction and signal sensing in living systems, then infected mothers produce virus in their breast milk, which is transferred to nursing pups. Given that infected mothers produce virus in their breast milk, which is transferred to nursing pups, it can be inferred that if those that suggest big guns are singles are wrong, then those that suggest all numerals are Arabic are wrong.
|
The statement that states big guns are singles is right.
|
Big guns make noise.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1].
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).). [SC2-2]
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).). [SC3-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either (Either [6] or [7].) or [8].
If (Either [6] or [7].), then [2].
If [8], then [3].
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).)..
[SC3-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [3], then [4].
If [4], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).)..
|
{0: 'Big guns are singles.', 1: 'All numerals are Arabic.', 2: 'Violence is the solution to almost any kind of conflict.', 3: 'Proteins are the main molecules for energy transduction and signal sensing in living systems.', 4: 'Infected mothers produce virus in their breast milk, which is transferred to nursing pups.', 5: 'Beliefs are powerful engines that drive autonomic and automatic behavior.', 6: 'Transportation contributes the largest share of air pollutants to the urban environment.', 7: 'Legumes work well when mixed with a grass crop.', 8: 'Respect is messages.'}
| 5 |
4,653 |
['At least one of two things is true: edibles are located in plates, or religion is a life of meditation.', 'When some viruses reduce plant vigor without the plants showing symptoms is true, it follows that if edibles are located in plates, then the statement that states black Mountain is located in Canberra, capital of Australia is false.', "So long as those that suggest if religion is a life of meditation, then the statement that states black Mountain is located in Canberra, capital of Australia is false are wrong, 'most skunks have organs' is true.", 'Some people mistakenly believe that most skunks have organs.', 'On the condition that it is not true that some viruses reduce plant vigor without the plants showing symptoms, it is definitely the case that adventurers are people.', 'Assuming adventurers are people, we know that shock absorbers reduce fatigue of wrist.', 'Those that suggest shock absorbers reduce fatigue of wrist are wrong.']
|
At least one of two things is true: edibles are located in plates, or religion is a life of meditation. When some viruses reduce plant vigor without the plants showing symptoms is true, it follows that if edibles are located in plates, then the statement that states black Mountain is located in Canberra, capital of Australia is false. So long as those that suggest if religion is a life of meditation, then the statement that states black Mountain is located in Canberra, capital of Australia is false are wrong, 'most skunks have organs' is true. Some people mistakenly believe that most skunks have organs. On the condition that it is not true that some viruses reduce plant vigor without the plants showing symptoms, it is definitely the case that adventurers are people. Assuming adventurers are people, we know that shock absorbers reduce fatigue of wrist. Those that suggest shock absorbers reduce fatigue of wrist are wrong.
|
The statement that states black Mountain is located in Canberra, capital of Australia is false.
|
The statement 'black Mountain is located in Canberra, capital of Australia' can be considered true.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2].
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).
[4] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [4].), then [5].
Not [5]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, [4].
[SC2-3]
Modus Tonens:
If [5], then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, Not [5]..
[SC3-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then (Not [0].).).), then [3].
Not [3].
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [0].)..
|
{0: 'Black Mountain is located in Canberra, capital of Australia.', 1: 'Edibles are located in plates.', 2: 'Religion is a life of meditation.', 3: 'Most skunks have organs.', 4: 'Some viruses reduce plant vigor without the plants showing symptoms.', 5: 'Adventurers are people.', 6: 'Shock absorbers reduce fatigue of wrist.'}
| 5 |
4,150 |
["It is a simple truth that dancing is the male's way of attracting a female.", 'The claim that batteries conduct electricity is true.', "Once we know dancing is the male's way of attracting a female, we also know that hydroplanes have two or more wetted surface areas.", "If hydroplanes have two or more wetted surface areas, then if cholesterol is included in lipid profiles, then the statement that 'hummingbirds have lifestyle' is incorrect.", 'Once we know we know that the claim that if batteries conduct electricity, then cholesterol is included in lipid profiles is false, we also know that male cats show sexual maturity by spraying an extremely pungent urine on upright surfaces.', 'Those that suggest male cats show sexual maturity by spraying an extremely pungent urine on upright surfaces are wrong.']
|
It is a simple truth that dancing is the male's way of attracting a female. The claim that batteries conduct electricity is true. Once we know dancing is the male's way of attracting a female, we also know that hydroplanes have two or more wetted surface areas. If hydroplanes have two or more wetted surface areas, then if cholesterol is included in lipid profiles, then the statement that 'hummingbirds have lifestyle' is incorrect. Once we know we know that the claim that if batteries conduct electricity, then cholesterol is included in lipid profiles is false, we also know that male cats show sexual maturity by spraying an extremely pungent urine on upright surfaces. Those that suggest male cats show sexual maturity by spraying an extremely pungent urine on upright surfaces are wrong.
|
The statement that 'hummingbirds have lifestyle' is incorrect.
|
The claim that some hummingbirds depend on nests does not correspond with reality.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).). [SC1-2]
[2]
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [5].
If [5], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then [1]. [SC1-2]
[3]
Therefore, [1].
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [3], then [1].).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, If [3], then [1]..
|
{0: 'Hummingbirds have lifestyle.', 1: 'Cholesterol is included in lipid profiles.', 2: "Dancing is the male's way of attracting a female.", 3: 'Batteries conduct electricity.', 4: 'Male cats show sexual maturity by spraying an extremely pungent urine on upright surfaces.', 5: 'Hydroplanes have two or more wetted surface areas.'}
| 5 |
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