id
int64 0
7k
| premises
stringlengths 118
4.1k
| paragraph
stringlengths 111
4.06k
| conclusion
stringlengths 15
240
| question
stringlengths 14
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stringclasses 3
values | arg
stringlengths 54
2.02k
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stringlengths 51
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int64 1
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4,105 |
['Those that suggest monkeys are fast learners, highly adaptable and innovative are wrong.', 'It is true that foxes have dens.', 'Provided that vehicles also produce greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming, we know that if some people mistakenly believe that if foxes have dens, then if it is a common misconception that wind erosion creates operate conditions, then monkeys are fast learners, highly adaptable and innovative, then if upgrades are reservations, then insects have very poor sight.', 'We can assume that vehicles also produce greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming.', 'Either factors affect actual results or enzymes involve in mere plates directed synthesis of DNA from deoxribonnucleotide triphoplates.', 'Provided that factors affect actual results, we know that it is not the case that if upgrades are reservations, then insects have very poor sight.', 'On the condition that enzymes involve in mere plates directed synthesis of DNA from deoxribonnucleotide triphoplates, it is definitely the case that it is not the case that if upgrades are reservations, then insects have very poor sight.']
|
Those that suggest monkeys are fast learners, highly adaptable and innovative are wrong. It is true that foxes have dens. Provided that vehicles also produce greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming, we know that if some people mistakenly believe that if foxes have dens, then if it is a common misconception that wind erosion creates operate conditions, then monkeys are fast learners, highly adaptable and innovative, then if upgrades are reservations, then insects have very poor sight. We can assume that vehicles also produce greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming. Either factors affect actual results or enzymes involve in mere plates directed synthesis of DNA from deoxribonnucleotide triphoplates. Provided that factors affect actual results, we know that it is not the case that if upgrades are reservations, then insects have very poor sight. On the condition that enzymes involve in mere plates directed synthesis of DNA from deoxribonnucleotide triphoplates, it is definitely the case that it is not the case that if upgrades are reservations, then insects have very poor sight.
|
It is fair to say that wind erosion creates operate conditions.
|
It is a common misconception that wind erosion creates operate conditions.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC1-2]
[2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).), then (If [3], then [4].). [SC1-3]
Not (If [3], then [4].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (If (Not (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).), then (If [3], then [4].).).
[5]
Therefore, If (Not (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).), then (If [3], then [4].)..
[SC2-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (Not (If [3], then [4].).).
If [7], then (Not (If [3], then [4].).).
Therefore, Not (If [3], then [4].)..
|
{0: 'Wind erosion creates operate conditions.', 1: 'Monkeys are fast learners, highly adaptable and innovative.', 2: 'Foxes have dens.', 3: 'Upgrades are reservations.', 4: 'Insects have very poor sight.', 5: 'Vehicles also produce greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming.', 6: 'Factors affect actual results.', 7: 'Enzymes involve in mere plates directed synthesis of DNA from deoxribonnucleotide triphoplates.'}
| 5 |
4,068 |
['When bitterness spreads and infects others is true, it follows that bricks provide water retention.', 'One may reasonably assume that if some sea lampreys have fins, then dumpers have (part) headlamps.', 'Once we know bricks provide water retention, we also know that most worms live in ocean sediments.', "On the condition that bricks provide water retention, it is definitely the case that the notion that 'most worms live in ocean sediments' is untrue.", 'It is rational to believe that either operable windows are simply windows that can be opened or grounding is normally a secondary protective measure to protect against electric shock.', 'Once we know operable windows are simply windows that can be opened, we also know that bitterness spreads and infects others.', 'On the condition that grounding is normally a secondary protective measure to protect against electric shock, it is definitely the case that chimps have (part) chests.', 'Once we know chimps have (part) chests, we also know that some sea lampreys have fins.']
|
When bitterness spreads and infects others is true, it follows that bricks provide water retention. One may reasonably assume that if some sea lampreys have fins, then dumpers have (part) headlamps. Once we know bricks provide water retention, we also know that most worms live in ocean sediments. On the condition that bricks provide water retention, it is definitely the case that the notion that 'most worms live in ocean sediments' is untrue. It is rational to believe that either operable windows are simply windows that can be opened or grounding is normally a secondary protective measure to protect against electric shock. Once we know operable windows are simply windows that can be opened, we also know that bitterness spreads and infects others. On the condition that grounding is normally a secondary protective measure to protect against electric shock, it is definitely the case that chimps have (part) chests. Once we know chimps have (part) chests, we also know that some sea lampreys have fins.
|
It is true that dumpers have (part) headlamps.
|
Dumpers have (part) rear light.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then [1].
If [3], then [0].
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then [2].
If [6], then [3]. [SC3-3]
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC3-3]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [6], then [7].
If [7], then [3].
Therefore, If [6], then [3]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [1], then [4].
If [1], then (Not [4].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Dumpers have (part) headlamps.', 1: 'Bricks provide water retention.', 2: 'Bitterness spreads and infects others.', 3: 'Some sea lampreys have fins.', 4: 'Most worms live in ocean sediments.', 5: 'Operable windows are simply windows that can be opened.', 6: 'Grounding is normally a secondary protective measure to protect against electric shock.', 7: 'Chimps have (part) chests.'}
| 5 |
4,479 |
['If magnesium causes a relaxation of the blood vessels in the kidney, thus preventing kidney damage, then if blackouts mean a total loss of power, usually caused by storms or accidents, then if monopoly is the natural opposite of competition, then a rain forest is woods.', 'Given that bees undergo metamorphosis, it can be inferred that if blackouts mean a total loss of power, usually caused by storms or accidents, then if monopoly is the natural opposite of competition, then a rain forest is woods.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: plants form a mat on calcium-rich gravelly soil, or some yolks are part of largemouths.', 'One may reasonably assume that if plants form a mat on calcium-rich gravelly soil, then the claim that if monopoly is the natural opposite of competition, then a rain forest is woods does not reflect reality.', 'If some yolks are part of largemouths, then the claim that if monopoly is the natural opposite of competition, then a rain forest is woods does not reflect reality.', 'Some people mistakenly believe that pademelons are one of the smallest of the macropods .', 'When the claim that either pademelons are one of the smallest of the macropods or either magnesium causes a relaxation of the blood vessels in the kidney, thus preventing kidney damage or bees undergo metamorphosis has no merit is true, it follows that recency is the number one most powerful predictor of future behavior.', 'When the claim that either pademelons are one of the smallest of the macropods or either magnesium causes a relaxation of the blood vessels in the kidney, thus preventing kidney damage or bees undergo metamorphosis has no merit is true, it follows that we know that the claim that recency is the number one most powerful predictor of future behavior is false.']
|
If magnesium causes a relaxation of the blood vessels in the kidney, thus preventing kidney damage, then if blackouts mean a total loss of power, usually caused by storms or accidents, then if monopoly is the natural opposite of competition, then a rain forest is woods. Given that bees undergo metamorphosis, it can be inferred that if blackouts mean a total loss of power, usually caused by storms or accidents, then if monopoly is the natural opposite of competition, then a rain forest is woods. We know that at least one of two things is true: plants form a mat on calcium-rich gravelly soil, or some yolks are part of largemouths. One may reasonably assume that if plants form a mat on calcium-rich gravelly soil, then the claim that if monopoly is the natural opposite of competition, then a rain forest is woods does not reflect reality. If some yolks are part of largemouths, then the claim that if monopoly is the natural opposite of competition, then a rain forest is woods does not reflect reality. Some people mistakenly believe that pademelons are one of the smallest of the macropods . When the claim that either pademelons are one of the smallest of the macropods or either magnesium causes a relaxation of the blood vessels in the kidney, thus preventing kidney damage or bees undergo metamorphosis has no merit is true, it follows that recency is the number one most powerful predictor of future behavior. When the claim that either pademelons are one of the smallest of the macropods or either magnesium causes a relaxation of the blood vessels in the kidney, thus preventing kidney damage or bees undergo metamorphosis has no merit is true, it follows that we know that the claim that recency is the number one most powerful predictor of future behavior is false.
|
It is not the case that blackouts mean a total loss of power, usually caused by storms or accidents.
|
The claim that blackouts are pauses does not correspond with reality.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then (If [1], then [2].). [SC1-1]
Not (If [1], then [2].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4]. [SC1-2]
If [3], then (If [0], then (If [1], then [2].).).
If [4], then (If [0], then (If [1], then [2].).).
Therefore, If [0], then (If [1], then [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [7] or (Either [3] or [4].). [SC1-3]
Not [7].
Therefore, Either [3] or [4]..
[SC1-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [7] or (Either [3] or [4].).).), then [8].
If (Not (Either [7] or (Either [3] or [4].).).), then (Not [8].).
Therefore, Either [7] or (Either [3] or [4].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (Not (If [1], then [2].).).
If [6], then (Not (If [1], then [2].).).
Therefore, Not (If [1], then [2].)..
|
{0: 'Blackouts mean a total loss of power, usually caused by storms or accidents.', 1: 'Monopoly is the natural opposite of competition.', 2: 'A rain forest is woods.', 3: 'Magnesium causes a relaxation of the blood vessels in the kidney, thus preventing kidney damage.', 4: 'Bees undergo metamorphosis.', 5: 'Plants form a mat on calcium-rich gravelly soil.', 6: 'Some yolks are part of largemouths.', 7: 'Pademelons are one of the smallest of the macropods .', 8: 'Recency is the number one most powerful predictor of future behavior.'}
| 5 |
4,399 |
["So long as mezzanines are located in floors, 'the claim that if vegetation provides cover and habitat for small birds and animals, then some young bulls achieve sexual maturity does not correspond with reality' is true.", "Either either philosophers are the lovers of wisdom, of meaning that sets themselves against opinion-lovers or japan is one of the United States' fastest growing and most critical trade partners or if it is not true that mezzanines are located in floors, then most legal secretaries perform work knowledge.", "The statement 'either philosophers are the lovers of wisdom, of meaning that sets themselves against opinion-lovers or japan is one of the United States' fastest growing and most critical trade partners' can be considered false.", 'We know that the claim that some extraterrestrial creatures inhabit the depths of space itself is false.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: if tomatoes are a high acid food, but peppers, onions are low acid foods, then envelop viruses contain many similar proteins, or most heat is produced by current.', 'Provided that if tomatoes are a high acid food, but peppers, onions are low acid foods, then envelop viruses contain many similar proteins, we know that if it is not true that if it is not true that mezzanines are located in floors, then the claim that most legal secretaries perform work knowledge has no merit, then some extraterrestrial creatures inhabit the depths of space itself.', 'Assuming most heat is produced by current, we know that if it is not true that if it is not true that mezzanines are located in floors, then the claim that most legal secretaries perform work knowledge has no merit, then some extraterrestrial creatures inhabit the depths of space itself.']
|
So long as mezzanines are located in floors, 'the claim that if vegetation provides cover and habitat for small birds and animals, then some young bulls achieve sexual maturity does not correspond with reality' is true. Either either philosophers are the lovers of wisdom, of meaning that sets themselves against opinion-lovers or japan is one of the United States' fastest growing and most critical trade partners or if it is not true that mezzanines are located in floors, then most legal secretaries perform work knowledge. The statement 'either philosophers are the lovers of wisdom, of meaning that sets themselves against opinion-lovers or japan is one of the United States' fastest growing and most critical trade partners' can be considered false. We know that the claim that some extraterrestrial creatures inhabit the depths of space itself is false. We know that at least one of two things is true: if tomatoes are a high acid food, but peppers, onions are low acid foods, then envelop viruses contain many similar proteins, or most heat is produced by current. Provided that if tomatoes are a high acid food, but peppers, onions are low acid foods, then envelop viruses contain many similar proteins, we know that if it is not true that if it is not true that mezzanines are located in floors, then the claim that most legal secretaries perform work knowledge has no merit, then some extraterrestrial creatures inhabit the depths of space itself. Assuming most heat is produced by current, we know that if it is not true that if it is not true that mezzanines are located in floors, then the claim that most legal secretaries perform work knowledge has no merit, then some extraterrestrial creatures inhabit the depths of space itself.
|
The claim that if vegetation provides cover and habitat for small birds and animals, then some young bulls achieve sexual maturity does not correspond with reality.
|
Once we know vegetation provides cover and habitat for small birds and animals, we also know that some young bulls achieve sexual maturity.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).
[2] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [2].), then [3]. [SC1-2]
If (Not [2].), then (Not [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, [2].
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [5] or [6].) or (If (Not [2].), then [3].).
Not (Either [5] or [6].).
Therefore, If (Not [2].), then [3]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [2].), then (Not [3].).).), then [4]. [SC1-3]
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not [2].), then (Not [3].)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [7], then [8].) or [9].
If (If [7], then [8].), then (If (Not (If (Not [2].), then (Not [3].).).), then [4].).
If [9], then (If (Not (If (Not [2].), then (Not [3].).).), then [4].).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [2].), then (Not [3].).).), then [4]..
|
{0: 'Vegetation provides cover and habitat for small birds and animals.', 1: 'Some young bulls achieve sexual maturity.', 2: 'Mezzanines are located in floors.', 3: 'Most legal secretaries perform work knowledge.', 4: 'Some extraterrestrial creatures inhabit the depths of space itself.', 5: 'Philosophers are the lovers of wisdom, of meaning that sets themselves against opinion-lovers.', 6: "Japan is one of the United States' fastest growing and most critical trade partners.", 7: 'Tomatoes are a high acid food, but peppers, onions are low acid foods.', 8: 'Envelop viruses contain many similar proteins.', 9: 'Most heat is produced by current.'}
| 5 |
4,434 |
['Assuming evil is the absence of empathy, we know that either parsley root is popular in Central European cuisines or thunderstorms generate elusive and mysterious sprites.', 'It is rational to believe that either sports can also be stressful, humiliating, and physically damaging or either evil is the absence of empathy or all nations have a rich heritage of myths and legends.', 'One may reasonably assume that if all nations have a rich heritage of myths and legends, then physicians monitor patients.', 'Assuming physicians monitor patients, we know that either parsley root is popular in Central European cuisines or thunderstorms generate elusive and mysterious sprites.', 'The claim that organic chemicals cause the color differences has no merit.', 'Provided that if sprains are injuries to the ligaments, which is tissue that connects the bones, then certify technicians understand fire behavior, we know that either organic chemicals cause the color differences or the claim that sports can also be stressful, humiliating, and physically damaging is false.', "Whenever it is true that sprains are injuries to the ligaments, which is tissue that connects the bones, 'certify technicians understand fire behavior' is true."]
|
Assuming evil is the absence of empathy, we know that either parsley root is popular in Central European cuisines or thunderstorms generate elusive and mysterious sprites. It is rational to believe that either sports can also be stressful, humiliating, and physically damaging or either evil is the absence of empathy or all nations have a rich heritage of myths and legends. One may reasonably assume that if all nations have a rich heritage of myths and legends, then physicians monitor patients. Assuming physicians monitor patients, we know that either parsley root is popular in Central European cuisines or thunderstorms generate elusive and mysterious sprites. The claim that organic chemicals cause the color differences has no merit. Provided that if sprains are injuries to the ligaments, which is tissue that connects the bones, then certify technicians understand fire behavior, we know that either organic chemicals cause the color differences or the claim that sports can also be stressful, humiliating, and physically damaging is false. Whenever it is true that sprains are injuries to the ligaments, which is tissue that connects the bones, 'certify technicians understand fire behavior' is true.
|
It is rational to believe that either parsley root is popular in Central European cuisines or thunderstorms generate elusive and mysterious sprites.
|
It is rational to believe that either parsley root is light beige, shaped like a carrot, but slender like a parsnip or thunderstorms can cause a lot of damage.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-1]
If [2], then (Either [0] or [1].).
If [3], then (Either [0] or [1].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (Either [2] or [3].).
Not [5]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (Not [5].). [SC1-3]
Not [6].
Therefore, Not [5]..
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [7], then [8].), then (Either [6] or (Not [5].).).
If [7], then [8].
Therefore, Either [6] or (Not [5].)..
[SC3-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [3], then [4].
If [4], then (Either [0] or [1].).
Therefore, If [3], then (Either [0] or [1].)..
|
{0: 'Parsley root is popular in Central European cuisines.', 1: 'Thunderstorms generate elusive and mysterious sprites.', 2: 'Evil is the absence of empathy.', 3: 'All nations have a rich heritage of myths and legends.', 4: 'Physicians monitor patients.', 5: 'Sports can also be stressful, humiliating, and physically damaging.', 6: 'Organic chemicals cause the color differences.', 7: 'Sprains are injuries to the ligaments, which is tissue that connects the bones.', 8: 'Certify technicians understand fire behavior.'}
| 5 |
4,258 |
['At least one of two things is true: iron supplements feed unfriendly bacteria and protozoan parasites, or if capital punishment is warranted due to the sanctity of life, then electrons fall on membrane and are spread out.', 'When iron supplements feed unfriendly bacteria and protozoan parasites is true, it follows that if the statement, shanghai is the largest industrial base in China, does not hold, then organisms are classified based on whether they are made up of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells.', 'Provided that the claim that if the statement, shanghai is the largest industrial base in China, does not hold, then it is a common misconception that organisms are classified based on whether they are made up of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells is false, we know that dogs are extremely family-oriented and establish very strong ties to the people they live with.', 'If the claim that if the statement, shanghai is the largest industrial base in China, does not hold, then it is a common misconception that organisms are classified based on whether they are made up of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells is false, then it is not the case that dogs are extremely family-oriented and establish very strong ties to the people they live with.', 'If if capital punishment is warranted due to the sanctity of life, then electrons fall on membrane and are spread out, then food allergies are more complicated to treat.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: sites have plants, or some several factors affect life.', 'On the condition that sites have plants, it is definitely the case that if food allergies are more complicated to treat, then if the statement, shanghai is the largest industrial base in China, does not hold, then organisms are classified based on whether they are made up of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells.', 'Provided that some several factors affect life, we know that if food allergies are more complicated to treat, then if the statement, shanghai is the largest industrial base in China, does not hold, then organisms are classified based on whether they are made up of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells.']
|
At least one of two things is true: iron supplements feed unfriendly bacteria and protozoan parasites, or if capital punishment is warranted due to the sanctity of life, then electrons fall on membrane and are spread out. When iron supplements feed unfriendly bacteria and protozoan parasites is true, it follows that if the statement, shanghai is the largest industrial base in China, does not hold, then organisms are classified based on whether they are made up of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells. Provided that the claim that if the statement, shanghai is the largest industrial base in China, does not hold, then it is a common misconception that organisms are classified based on whether they are made up of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells is false, we know that dogs are extremely family-oriented and establish very strong ties to the people they live with. If the claim that if the statement, shanghai is the largest industrial base in China, does not hold, then it is a common misconception that organisms are classified based on whether they are made up of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells is false, then it is not the case that dogs are extremely family-oriented and establish very strong ties to the people they live with. If if capital punishment is warranted due to the sanctity of life, then electrons fall on membrane and are spread out, then food allergies are more complicated to treat. We know that at least one of two things is true: sites have plants, or some several factors affect life. On the condition that sites have plants, it is definitely the case that if food allergies are more complicated to treat, then if the statement, shanghai is the largest industrial base in China, does not hold, then organisms are classified based on whether they are made up of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells. Provided that some several factors affect life, we know that if food allergies are more complicated to treat, then if the statement, shanghai is the largest industrial base in China, does not hold, then organisms are classified based on whether they are made up of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells.
|
The statement 'shanghai is the largest industrial base in China' can be considered true.
|
Shanghai is China's largest, most modern city.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or (If [4], then [5].).
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
If (If [4], then [5].), then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC3-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (If [4], then [5].), then [6].
If [6], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (If [4], then [5].), then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC2-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [7] or [8].
If [7], then (If [6], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).
If [8], then (If [6], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).
Therefore, If [6], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then [2].
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [2].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Shanghai is the largest industrial base in China.', 1: 'Organisms are classified based on whether they are made up of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells.', 2: 'Dogs are extremely family-oriented and establish very strong ties to the people they live with.', 3: 'Iron supplements feed unfriendly bacteria and protozoan parasites.', 4: 'Capital punishment is warranted due to the sanctity of life.', 5: 'Electrons fall on membrane and are spread out.', 6: 'Food allergies are more complicated to treat.', 7: 'Sites have plants.', 8: 'Some several factors affect life.'}
| 5 |
4,827 |
['The claim that meteor isa light does not reflect reality.', "Whenever it is true that it is not true that either meteor isa light or bergamots are citrus fruit, 'some tigers wait for animals' is true.", "Assuming those that suggest if it is not true that either meteor isa light or bergamots are citrus fruit, then the statement 'some tigers wait for animals' can be considered false are wrong, we know that frequent fire alters habitats.", "Assuming the notion that 'if those that suggest if it is not true that either meteor isa light or bergamots are citrus fruit, then the statement 'some tigers wait for animals' can be considered false are wrong, then we know that the claim that frequent fire alters habitats is false' is untrue, we know that deer mice live in woodlands.", "It is rational to believe that either truth is that which works or if the notion that 'if those that suggest if it is not true that either meteor isa light or bergamots are citrus fruit, then the statement 'some tigers wait for animals' can be considered false are wrong, then we know that the claim that frequent fire alters habitats is false' is untrue, then the statement that states deer mice live in woodlands is false.", "The notion that 'truth is that which works' is untrue."]
|
The claim that meteor isa light does not reflect reality. Whenever it is true that it is not true that either meteor isa light or bergamots are citrus fruit, 'some tigers wait for animals' is true. Assuming those that suggest if it is not true that either meteor isa light or bergamots are citrus fruit, then the statement 'some tigers wait for animals' can be considered false are wrong, we know that frequent fire alters habitats. Assuming the notion that 'if those that suggest if it is not true that either meteor isa light or bergamots are citrus fruit, then the statement 'some tigers wait for animals' can be considered false are wrong, then we know that the claim that frequent fire alters habitats is false' is untrue, we know that deer mice live in woodlands. It is rational to believe that either truth is that which works or if the notion that 'if those that suggest if it is not true that either meteor isa light or bergamots are citrus fruit, then the statement 'some tigers wait for animals' can be considered false are wrong, then we know that the claim that frequent fire alters habitats is false' is untrue, then the statement that states deer mice live in woodlands is false. The notion that 'truth is that which works' is untrue.
|
It is rational to agree that bergamots are citrus fruit.
|
It is rational to agree that bergamots are citrus fruit.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then [2].
If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then (Not [2].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then (Not [2].).).), then [3].
If (Not (If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then (Not [2].).).), then (Not [3].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then (Not [2].)..
[SC2-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then (Not [2].).).), then (Not [3].).).), then [4].
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then (Not [2].).).), then (Not [3].).).), then (Not [4].). [SC2-4]
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then (Not [2].).).), then (Not [3].)..
[SC2-4]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (If (Not (If (Not (If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then (Not [2].).).), then (Not [3].).).), then (Not [4].).).
Not [5].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then (Not [2].).).), then (Not [3].).).), then (Not [4].)..
|
{0: 'Bergamots are citrus fruit.', 1: 'Meteor isa light.', 2: 'Some tigers wait for animals.', 3: 'Frequent fire alters habitats.', 4: 'Deer mice live in woodlands.', 5: 'Truth is that which works.'}
| 5 |
4,884 |
['At least one of two things is true: batteries have partial charge, or anger is caused when staff seem to single-out specific patients or other staff members.', 'We know that either hyenas cause more panic among the birds than actual mortalities or it is not the case that students learn about ecological concepts.', 'The statement that states hyenas cause more panic among the birds than actual mortalities is false.', "So long as the claim that if batteries have partial charge, then if the claim that if most vibration creates sound, then air rises when it's heated because it expands, so it's less dense than the cooler air around it is false, then students learn about ecological concepts is false, 'if most termites require wood, then physical therapy is therapy' is true.", 'The claim that if most termites require wood, then physical therapy is therapy is false.', "Once we know the claim that if anger is caused when staff seem to single-out specific patients or other staff members, then if the claim that if most vibration creates sound, then air rises when it's heated because it expands, so it's less dense than the cooler air around it is false, then students learn about ecological concepts is false, we also know that saturated fats are the most chemically stable.", 'We know that the claim that saturated fats are the most chemically stable is false.']
|
At least one of two things is true: batteries have partial charge, or anger is caused when staff seem to single-out specific patients or other staff members. We know that either hyenas cause more panic among the birds than actual mortalities or it is not the case that students learn about ecological concepts. The statement that states hyenas cause more panic among the birds than actual mortalities is false. So long as the claim that if batteries have partial charge, then if the claim that if most vibration creates sound, then air rises when it's heated because it expands, so it's less dense than the cooler air around it is false, then students learn about ecological concepts is false, 'if most termites require wood, then physical therapy is therapy' is true. The claim that if most termites require wood, then physical therapy is therapy is false. Once we know the claim that if anger is caused when staff seem to single-out specific patients or other staff members, then if the claim that if most vibration creates sound, then air rises when it's heated because it expands, so it's less dense than the cooler air around it is false, then students learn about ecological concepts is false, we also know that saturated fats are the most chemically stable. We know that the claim that saturated fats are the most chemically stable is false.
|
One may reasonably assume that if most vibration creates sound, then air rises when it's heated because it expands, so it's less dense than the cooler air around it.
|
When most vibration creates sound is true, it follows that air produces sound.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2]. [SC1-1]
Not [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4].
If [3], then (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2].). [SC2-2]
If [4], then (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [3], then (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2].).).), then (If [6], then [7].).
Not (If [6], then [7].).
Therefore, If [3], then (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2].)..
[SC3-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [4], then (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2].).).), then [8].
Not [8].
Therefore, If [4], then (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (Not [2].).
Not [5].
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Most vibration creates sound.', 1: "Air rises when it's heated because it expands, so it's less dense than the cooler air around it.", 2: 'Students learn about ecological concepts.', 3: 'Batteries have partial charge.', 4: 'Anger is caused when staff seem to single-out specific patients or other staff members.', 5: 'Hyenas cause more panic among the birds than actual mortalities.', 6: 'Most termites require wood.', 7: 'Physical therapy is therapy.', 8: 'Saturated fats are the most chemically stable.'}
| 5 |
4,304 |
["The notion that 'smoking creates a fire hazard and discomfort for non-smokers' is untrue.", 'It is not true that logic is a systematic method of coming to the wrong conclusion with confidence.', "If the claim that if the claim that if it is not true that either smoking creates a fire hazard and discomfort for non-smokers or crocodiles have little stubby legs and because they are reptiles, they have limited endurance, then logic is a systematic method of coming to the wrong conclusion with confidence does not correspond with reality, then education is the stepping stone to improving the quality of one's life does not reflect reality, then soybeans are artifacts.", "Given that the claim that if the claim that if it is not true that either smoking creates a fire hazard and discomfort for non-smokers or crocodiles have little stubby legs and because they are reptiles, they have limited endurance, then logic is a systematic method of coming to the wrong conclusion with confidence does not correspond with reality, then education is the stepping stone to improving the quality of one's life does not reflect reality, it can be inferred that the claim that soybeans are artifacts does not reflect reality.", "If education is the stepping stone to improving the quality of one's life, then almond paste is used to line molds and decorate desserts.", 'The claim that almond paste is used to line molds and decorate desserts does not reflect reality.']
|
The notion that 'smoking creates a fire hazard and discomfort for non-smokers' is untrue. It is not true that logic is a systematic method of coming to the wrong conclusion with confidence. If the claim that if the claim that if it is not true that either smoking creates a fire hazard and discomfort for non-smokers or crocodiles have little stubby legs and because they are reptiles, they have limited endurance, then logic is a systematic method of coming to the wrong conclusion with confidence does not correspond with reality, then education is the stepping stone to improving the quality of one's life does not reflect reality, then soybeans are artifacts. Given that the claim that if the claim that if it is not true that either smoking creates a fire hazard and discomfort for non-smokers or crocodiles have little stubby legs and because they are reptiles, they have limited endurance, then logic is a systematic method of coming to the wrong conclusion with confidence does not correspond with reality, then education is the stepping stone to improving the quality of one's life does not reflect reality, it can be inferred that the claim that soybeans are artifacts does not reflect reality. If education is the stepping stone to improving the quality of one's life, then almond paste is used to line molds and decorate desserts. The claim that almond paste is used to line molds and decorate desserts does not reflect reality.
|
The statement that states crocodiles have little stubby legs and because they are reptiles, they have limited endurance is right.
|
Crocodiles have strong legs and feet for moving about on land.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then [2]. [SC1-2]
Not [2].
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then [2].).), then [3]. [SC1-3]
Not [3]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then [2]..
[SC1-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then [2].).), then [3].).), then [5].
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then [2].).), then [3].).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then [2].).), then [3]..
[SC2-3]
Modus Tonens:
If [3], then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, Not [3]..
|
{0: 'Crocodiles have little stubby legs and because they are reptiles, they have limited endurance.', 1: 'Smoking creates a fire hazard and discomfort for non-smokers.', 2: 'Logic is a systematic method of coming to the wrong conclusion with confidence.', 3: "Education is the stepping stone to improving the quality of one's life.", 4: 'Almond paste is used to line molds and decorate desserts.', 5: 'Soybeans are artifacts.'}
| 5 |
4,811 |
["So long as some people mistakenly believe that either proteins differ in the number, sequence, and kinds of amino acids or yaks are herd animals , 'the statement that states pea plants grow from seeds is false' is true.", 'Given that either dandelion root is an excellent cleansing herb for the stomach and liver or clinical trials are research studies designed to improve treatment for cancer patients, it can be inferred that if some people mistakenly believe that either proteins differ in the number, sequence, and kinds of amino acids or yaks are herd animals , then pea plants grow from seeds.', "So long as radio stations make the radio waves get stronger and weaker as the sound changes, 'if some people mistakenly believe that either proteins differ in the number, sequence, and kinds of amino acids or yaks are herd animals , then pea plants grow from seeds' is true.", 'Either either collotype is a photographic process in which a film of gelatin provides the printing surface or teachers need skills or millipedes are elongate, cylindrical with many body segments and legs.', 'Once we know either collotype is a photographic process in which a film of gelatin provides the printing surface or teachers need skills, we also know that either dandelion root is an excellent cleansing herb for the stomach and liver or clinical trials are research studies designed to improve treatment for cancer patients.', 'One may reasonably assume that if if professional development is the business of the staff of each school and of the profession at large, then cancers start when one cell begins to grow and divide, rapidly and out of control, then radio stations make the radio waves get stronger and weaker as the sound changes.', "So long as the statement, if millipedes are elongate, cylindrical with many body segments and legs, then if professional development is the business of the staff of each school and of the profession at large, then cancers start when one cell begins to grow and divide, rapidly and out of control, does not hold, 'cycads are tropical plants that look a little like palm trees' is true.", 'Provided that the statement, if millipedes are elongate, cylindrical with many body segments and legs, then if professional development is the business of the staff of each school and of the profession at large, then cancers start when one cell begins to grow and divide, rapidly and out of control, does not hold, we know that it is not true that cycads are tropical plants that look a little like palm trees.']
|
So long as some people mistakenly believe that either proteins differ in the number, sequence, and kinds of amino acids or yaks are herd animals , 'the statement that states pea plants grow from seeds is false' is true. Given that either dandelion root is an excellent cleansing herb for the stomach and liver or clinical trials are research studies designed to improve treatment for cancer patients, it can be inferred that if some people mistakenly believe that either proteins differ in the number, sequence, and kinds of amino acids or yaks are herd animals , then pea plants grow from seeds. So long as radio stations make the radio waves get stronger and weaker as the sound changes, 'if some people mistakenly believe that either proteins differ in the number, sequence, and kinds of amino acids or yaks are herd animals , then pea plants grow from seeds' is true. Either either collotype is a photographic process in which a film of gelatin provides the printing surface or teachers need skills or millipedes are elongate, cylindrical with many body segments and legs. Once we know either collotype is a photographic process in which a film of gelatin provides the printing surface or teachers need skills, we also know that either dandelion root is an excellent cleansing herb for the stomach and liver or clinical trials are research studies designed to improve treatment for cancer patients. One may reasonably assume that if if professional development is the business of the staff of each school and of the profession at large, then cancers start when one cell begins to grow and divide, rapidly and out of control, then radio stations make the radio waves get stronger and weaker as the sound changes. So long as the statement, if millipedes are elongate, cylindrical with many body segments and legs, then if professional development is the business of the staff of each school and of the profession at large, then cancers start when one cell begins to grow and divide, rapidly and out of control, does not hold, 'cycads are tropical plants that look a little like palm trees' is true. Provided that the statement, if millipedes are elongate, cylindrical with many body segments and legs, then if professional development is the business of the staff of each school and of the profession at large, then cancers start when one cell begins to grow and divide, rapidly and out of control, does not hold, we know that it is not true that cycads are tropical plants that look a little like palm trees.
|
We know that either proteins differ in the number, sequence, and kinds of amino acids or yaks are herd animals .
|
We know that either proteins differ in the number, sequence, and kinds of amino acids or yaks are herd animals .
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then [2]. [SC1-1]
If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Not [2].).
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [3] or [4].) or [5]. [SC1-2]
If (Either [3] or [4].), then (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then [2].).
If [5], then (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then [2].).
Therefore, If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then [2]..
[SC1-2]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either (Either [6] or [7].) or [8].
If (Either [6] or [7].), then (Either [3] or [4].).
If [8], then [5]. [SC3-3]
Therefore, Either (Either [3] or [4].) or [5]..
[SC3-3]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [8], then (If [9], then [10].). [SC1-4]
If (If [9], then [10].), then [5].
Therefore, If [8], then [5]..
[SC1-4]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [8], then (If [9], then [10].).).), then [11].
If (Not (If [8], then (If [9], then [10].).).), then (Not [11].).
Therefore, If [8], then (If [9], then [10].)..
|
{0: 'Proteins differ in the number, sequence, and kinds of amino acids.', 1: 'Yaks are herd animals .', 2: 'Pea plants grow from seeds.', 3: 'Dandelion root is an excellent cleansing herb for the stomach and liver.', 4: 'Clinical trials are research studies designed to improve treatment for cancer patients.', 5: 'Radio stations make the radio waves get stronger and weaker as the sound changes.', 6: 'Collotype is a photographic process in which a film of gelatin provides the printing surface.', 7: 'Teachers need skills.', 8: 'Millipedes are elongate, cylindrical with many body segments and legs.', 9: 'Professional development is the business of the staff of each school and of the profession at large.', 10: 'Cancers start when one cell begins to grow and divide, rapidly and out of control.', 11: 'Cycads are tropical plants that look a little like palm trees.'}
| 5 |
4,938 |
['The claim that if bankers are in the business to make money, then baldness isa condition does not correspond with reality.', "On the condition that the statement that 'if the claim that some respiratory diseases lead to pneumonia has no merit, then if bankers are in the business to make money, then baldness isa condition' is incorrect, it is definitely the case that hormones promote development.", 'We know that at least one of two things is true: either some glove compartments are part of automobiles or vesicular film is made of diazo emulsion sandwiched between two polyester base layers, or the claim that hormones promote development does not correspond with reality.', "Either radiographers typically work in hospitals, physician's offices, and with primary care physicians or some viruses affect trees.", "Assuming radiographers typically work in hospitals, physician's offices, and with primary care physicians, we know that we know that the claim that either some glove compartments are part of automobiles or vesicular film is made of diazo emulsion sandwiched between two polyester base layers is false.", 'Once we know some viruses affect trees, we also know that wholesome nutrition is a key component of maintaining a healthy immune system.', 'If wholesome nutrition is a key component of maintaining a healthy immune system, then we know that the claim that either some glove compartments are part of automobiles or vesicular film is made of diazo emulsion sandwiched between two polyester base layers is false.']
|
The claim that if bankers are in the business to make money, then baldness isa condition does not correspond with reality. On the condition that the statement that 'if the claim that some respiratory diseases lead to pneumonia has no merit, then if bankers are in the business to make money, then baldness isa condition' is incorrect, it is definitely the case that hormones promote development. We know that at least one of two things is true: either some glove compartments are part of automobiles or vesicular film is made of diazo emulsion sandwiched between two polyester base layers, or the claim that hormones promote development does not correspond with reality. Either radiographers typically work in hospitals, physician's offices, and with primary care physicians or some viruses affect trees. Assuming radiographers typically work in hospitals, physician's offices, and with primary care physicians, we know that we know that the claim that either some glove compartments are part of automobiles or vesicular film is made of diazo emulsion sandwiched between two polyester base layers is false. Once we know some viruses affect trees, we also know that wholesome nutrition is a key component of maintaining a healthy immune system. If wholesome nutrition is a key component of maintaining a healthy immune system, then we know that the claim that either some glove compartments are part of automobiles or vesicular film is made of diazo emulsion sandwiched between two polyester base layers is false.
|
Many people rightly believe that some respiratory diseases lead to pneumonia.
|
Many people rightly believe that some respiratory diseases lead to pneumonia.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].). [SC1-1]
Not (If [1], then [2].).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then [3].
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [4] or [5].) or (Not [3].).
Not (Either [4] or [5].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, Not [3]..
[SC2-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (Not (Either [4] or [5].).).
If [7], then (Not (Either [4] or [5].).). [SC3-4]
Therefore, Not (Either [4] or [5].)..
[SC3-4]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [7], then [8].
If [8], then (Not (Either [4] or [5].).).
Therefore, If [7], then (Not (Either [4] or [5].).)..
|
{0: 'Some respiratory diseases lead to pneumonia.', 1: 'Bankers are in the business to make money.', 2: 'Baldness isa condition.', 3: 'Hormones promote development.', 4: 'Some glove compartments are part of automobiles.', 5: 'Vesicular film is made of diazo emulsion sandwiched between two polyester base layers.', 6: "Radiographers typically work in hospitals, physician's offices, and with primary care physicians.", 7: 'Some viruses affect trees.', 8: 'Wholesome nutrition is a key component of maintaining a healthy immune system.'}
| 5 |
4,924 |
['When some infectious diseases afflict slave women is true, it follows that organs respond to stimuli.', 'It is fair to say that some infectious diseases afflict slave women.', "Provided that ladybugs adapt to environments, we know that if students need special attention, then if organs respond to stimuli, then the statement 'love encompasses every form of Pure knowledge, experience and thought' can be considered false.", 'We can assume that ladybugs adapt to environments.', 'On the condition that some people mistakenly believe that students need special attention, it is definitely the case that either deliriums are diseases or protein also is in dairy products, grains and legumes, including beans, peas and lentils.', 'It is not true that either deliriums are diseases or protein also is in dairy products, grains and legumes, including beans, peas and lentils.']
|
When some infectious diseases afflict slave women is true, it follows that organs respond to stimuli. It is fair to say that some infectious diseases afflict slave women. Provided that ladybugs adapt to environments, we know that if students need special attention, then if organs respond to stimuli, then the statement 'love encompasses every form of Pure knowledge, experience and thought' can be considered false. We can assume that ladybugs adapt to environments. On the condition that some people mistakenly believe that students need special attention, it is definitely the case that either deliriums are diseases or protein also is in dairy products, grains and legumes, including beans, peas and lentils. It is not true that either deliriums are diseases or protein also is in dairy products, grains and legumes, including beans, peas and lentils.
|
The statement 'love encompasses every form of Pure knowledge, experience and thought' can be considered false.
|
The statement 'love encompasses every form of Pure knowledge, experience and thought' can be considered false.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).). [SC1-2]
[2] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If [2], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).
[4]
Therefore, If [2], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [2].), then (Either [5] or [6].).
Not (Either [5] or [6].).
Therefore, [2].
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then [1].
[3]
Therefore, [1].
|
{0: 'Love encompasses every form of Pure knowledge, experience and thought.', 1: 'Organs respond to stimuli.', 2: 'Students need special attention.', 3: 'Some infectious diseases afflict slave women.', 4: 'Ladybugs adapt to environments.', 5: 'Deliriums are diseases.', 6: 'Protein also is in dairy products, grains and legumes, including beans, peas and lentils.'}
| 5 |
4,526 |
['Assuming wolves has-part teeth, we know that radiation uses a high energy beam to kill cancer cells.', "So long as cockroaches have origins, 'radiation uses a high energy beam to kill cancer cells' is true.", 'It is a fact that either hyphae are septate or if the claim that either wolves has-part teeth or cockroaches have origins is false, then ice crystals are nuclated by snow, ice fog, and stuff in the water.', 'We know that either old age is less than two decades away, bringing eventual sickness and death or if the claim that either wolves has-part teeth or cockroaches have origins is false, then it is not true that ice crystals are nuclated by snow, ice fog, and stuff in the water.', 'It is not the case that old age is less than two decades away, bringing eventual sickness and death.', 'When most plants show alternation is true, it follows that it is a common misconception that hyphae are septate.', 'The claim that most plants show alternation is true.']
|
Assuming wolves has-part teeth, we know that radiation uses a high energy beam to kill cancer cells. So long as cockroaches have origins, 'radiation uses a high energy beam to kill cancer cells' is true. It is a fact that either hyphae are septate or if the claim that either wolves has-part teeth or cockroaches have origins is false, then ice crystals are nuclated by snow, ice fog, and stuff in the water. We know that either old age is less than two decades away, bringing eventual sickness and death or if the claim that either wolves has-part teeth or cockroaches have origins is false, then it is not true that ice crystals are nuclated by snow, ice fog, and stuff in the water. It is not the case that old age is less than two decades away, bringing eventual sickness and death. When most plants show alternation is true, it follows that it is a common misconception that hyphae are septate. The claim that most plants show alternation is true.
|
The claim that radiation uses a high energy beam to kill cancer cells holds true.
|
Those that suggest radiation uses a high energy beam to kill cancer cells are wrong.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then [0].
If [2], then [0].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then (Not [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then [3].).
Not [4]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then [3]..
[SC2-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (Not [4].).
[6]
Therefore, Not [4]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then (Not [3].).).
Not [5].
Therefore, If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then (Not [3].)..
|
{0: 'Radiation uses a high energy beam to kill cancer cells.', 1: 'Wolves has-part teeth.', 2: 'Cockroaches have origins.', 3: 'Ice crystals are nuclated by snow, ice fog, and stuff in the water.', 4: 'Hyphae are septate.', 5: 'Old age is less than two decades away, bringing eventual sickness and death.', 6: 'Most plants show alternation.'}
| 5 |
4,020 |
["If the notion that 'either some amino acids contain sulfur or loyalty is necessary for the growth of love' is untrue, then most chipmunks have internal pouches.", "One may reasonably assume that if the notion that 'either some amino acids contain sulfur or loyalty is necessary for the growth of love' is untrue, then we know that the claim that most chipmunks have internal pouches is false.", 'One may reasonably assume that if pseudo triangulations form a superclass of triangulations, then if headings serve as the titles of sections in a document, or of the whole document, then unemployment is rampant among all nationality groups.', "So long as if headings serve as the titles of sections in a document, or of the whole document, then unemployment is rampant among all nationality groups, 'the statement, some amino acids contain sulfur, does not hold' is true.", 'Once we know older people are especially likely to have to endure the death of a spouse and of lifelong friends, we also know that pseudo triangulations form a superclass of triangulations.', 'The claim that older people are especially likely to have to endure the death of a spouse and of lifelong friends is true.']
|
If the notion that 'either some amino acids contain sulfur or loyalty is necessary for the growth of love' is untrue, then most chipmunks have internal pouches. One may reasonably assume that if the notion that 'either some amino acids contain sulfur or loyalty is necessary for the growth of love' is untrue, then we know that the claim that most chipmunks have internal pouches is false. One may reasonably assume that if pseudo triangulations form a superclass of triangulations, then if headings serve as the titles of sections in a document, or of the whole document, then unemployment is rampant among all nationality groups. So long as if headings serve as the titles of sections in a document, or of the whole document, then unemployment is rampant among all nationality groups, 'the statement, some amino acids contain sulfur, does not hold' is true. Once we know older people are especially likely to have to endure the death of a spouse and of lifelong friends, we also know that pseudo triangulations form a superclass of triangulations. The claim that older people are especially likely to have to endure the death of a spouse and of lifelong friends is true.
|
The idea that loyalty is necessary for the growth of love is true.
|
Loyalty is virtue.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then [2].
If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then (Not [2].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
[3] [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [3], then (If [5], then [6].).
If (If [5], then [6].), then (Not [1].).
Therefore, If [3], then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then [3].
[4]
Therefore, [3].
|
{0: 'Loyalty is necessary for the growth of love.', 1: 'Some amino acids contain sulfur.', 2: 'Most chipmunks have internal pouches.', 3: 'Pseudo triangulations form a superclass of triangulations.', 4: 'Older people are especially likely to have to endure the death of a spouse and of lifelong friends.', 5: 'Headings serve as the titles of sections in a document, or of the whole document.', 6: 'Unemployment is rampant among all nationality groups.'}
| 5 |
4,905 |
['Provided that those that suggest if the claim that machines are used for work is false, then firewalls also provide a central point for logging and auditing Internet traffic are wrong, we know that giardiasis is an infection of the intestine that can cause diarrhea.', 'The claim that giardiasis is an infection of the intestine that can cause diarrhea is false.', 'On the condition that print is a series of images drawn in a two-dimensional visual plane, it is definitely the case that if the claim that machines are used for work is false, then it is not true that firewalls also provide a central point for logging and auditing Internet traffic.', 'Assuming some laser beams can cause injury to the eye, burn the skin or start fires in the laboratory, we know that if the claim that machines are used for work is false, then it is not true that firewalls also provide a central point for logging and auditing Internet traffic.', 'Once we know some domestic cats have pairs, we also know that either print is a series of images drawn in a two-dimensional visual plane or some laser beams can cause injury to the eye, burn the skin or start fires in the laboratory.', 'If it is a common misconception that some domestic cats have pairs, then mental illnesses can also impair mental functioning.', 'The claim that mental illnesses can also impair mental functioning does not reflect reality.']
|
Provided that those that suggest if the claim that machines are used for work is false, then firewalls also provide a central point for logging and auditing Internet traffic are wrong, we know that giardiasis is an infection of the intestine that can cause diarrhea. The claim that giardiasis is an infection of the intestine that can cause diarrhea is false. On the condition that print is a series of images drawn in a two-dimensional visual plane, it is definitely the case that if the claim that machines are used for work is false, then it is not true that firewalls also provide a central point for logging and auditing Internet traffic. Assuming some laser beams can cause injury to the eye, burn the skin or start fires in the laboratory, we know that if the claim that machines are used for work is false, then it is not true that firewalls also provide a central point for logging and auditing Internet traffic. Once we know some domestic cats have pairs, we also know that either print is a series of images drawn in a two-dimensional visual plane or some laser beams can cause injury to the eye, burn the skin or start fires in the laboratory. If it is a common misconception that some domestic cats have pairs, then mental illnesses can also impair mental functioning. The claim that mental illnesses can also impair mental functioning does not reflect reality.
|
Many people rightly believe that machines are used for work.
|
Many people rightly believe that machines are used for work.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (Either [2] or [3].).
[5] [SC2-3]
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC2-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [5].), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, [5].
|
{0: 'Machines are used for work.', 1: 'Firewalls also provide a central point for logging and auditing Internet traffic.', 2: 'Print is a series of images drawn in a two-dimensional visual plane.', 3: 'Some laser beams can cause injury to the eye, burn the skin or start fires in the laboratory.', 4: 'Giardiasis is an infection of the intestine that can cause diarrhea.', 5: 'Some domestic cats have pairs.', 6: 'Mental illnesses can also impair mental functioning.'}
| 5 |
4,380 |
['Given that most females enjoy getting sexual attention, it can be inferred that we know that the claim that prosciutto is an Italian deli meat is false.', "Whenever it is true that the claim that either copper tubes run underground carry refrigerant that circulates into and out of a home or most females enjoy getting sexual attention does not correspond with reality, 'different companies use different dyes to make their ink' is true.", 'Assuming we know that the claim that if copper tubes run underground carry refrigerant that circulates into and out of a home, then we know that the claim that prosciutto is an Italian deli meat is false is false, we know that most rodents feed on plants.', 'It is not true that most rodents feed on plants.', 'Provided that different companies use different dyes to make their ink, we know that brazil also has the world s second highest number of murders of homosexuals.', 'Given that if nations arise in large part from their very racial, religious, and cultural unity and uniqueness, then some liquids make up of proteins, it can be inferred that if different companies use different dyes to make their ink, then it is not the case that brazil also has the world s second highest number of murders of homosexuals.', 'Given that nations arise in large part from their very racial, religious, and cultural unity and uniqueness, it can be inferred that some liquids make up of proteins.']
|
Given that most females enjoy getting sexual attention, it can be inferred that we know that the claim that prosciutto is an Italian deli meat is false. Whenever it is true that the claim that either copper tubes run underground carry refrigerant that circulates into and out of a home or most females enjoy getting sexual attention does not correspond with reality, 'different companies use different dyes to make their ink' is true. Assuming we know that the claim that if copper tubes run underground carry refrigerant that circulates into and out of a home, then we know that the claim that prosciutto is an Italian deli meat is false is false, we know that most rodents feed on plants. It is not true that most rodents feed on plants. Provided that different companies use different dyes to make their ink, we know that brazil also has the world s second highest number of murders of homosexuals. Given that if nations arise in large part from their very racial, religious, and cultural unity and uniqueness, then some liquids make up of proteins, it can be inferred that if different companies use different dyes to make their ink, then it is not the case that brazil also has the world s second highest number of murders of homosexuals. Given that nations arise in large part from their very racial, religious, and cultural unity and uniqueness, it can be inferred that some liquids make up of proteins.
|
We know that the claim that prosciutto is an Italian deli meat is false.
|
It is true that prosciutto is an Italian deli meat.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].).
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then [4].
Not [4]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [4], then [5].
If [4], then (Not [5].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, Not [4]..
[SC2-3]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [6], then [7].), then (If [4], then (Not [5].).).
If [6], then [7].
Therefore, If [4], then (Not [5].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then [3].
Not [3].
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
|
{0: 'Prosciutto is an Italian deli meat.', 1: 'Copper tubes run underground carry refrigerant that circulates into and out of a home.', 2: 'Most females enjoy getting sexual attention.', 3: 'Most rodents feed on plants.', 4: 'Different companies use different dyes to make their ink.', 5: 'Brazil also has the world s second highest number of murders of homosexuals.', 6: 'Nations arise in large part from their very racial, religious, and cultural unity and uniqueness.', 7: 'Some liquids make up of proteins.'}
| 5 |
4,420 |
["The notion that 'saphenous vein is used for heart by-pass surgery' is untrue.", 'Either chemical agents are agents or if premature labour is a confinement, then gravity causes blood stasis in the legs and abdominal region.', "So long as chemical agents are agents, 'most storms are caused by sunspot activities' is true.", 'One may reasonably assume that if most storms are caused by sunspot activities, then pEPs are instruments for setting environmental standards, goals, protocols and guidelines.', 'The statement, pEPs are instruments for setting environmental standards, goals, protocols and guidelines, does not hold.', "Whenever it is true that if hairdressers have (part) arms, then environmentalists concern themselves with resources that have served the painter for centuries, 'if if premature labour is a confinement, then gravity causes blood stasis in the legs and abdominal region, then either saphenous vein is used for heart by-pass surgery or nevus is the medical term for mole' is true.", 'One may reasonably assume that if hairdressers have (part) arms, then environmentalists concern themselves with resources that have served the painter for centuries.']
|
The notion that 'saphenous vein is used for heart by-pass surgery' is untrue. Either chemical agents are agents or if premature labour is a confinement, then gravity causes blood stasis in the legs and abdominal region. So long as chemical agents are agents, 'most storms are caused by sunspot activities' is true. One may reasonably assume that if most storms are caused by sunspot activities, then pEPs are instruments for setting environmental standards, goals, protocols and guidelines. The statement, pEPs are instruments for setting environmental standards, goals, protocols and guidelines, does not hold. Whenever it is true that if hairdressers have (part) arms, then environmentalists concern themselves with resources that have served the painter for centuries, 'if if premature labour is a confinement, then gravity causes blood stasis in the legs and abdominal region, then either saphenous vein is used for heart by-pass surgery or nevus is the medical term for mole' is true. One may reasonably assume that if hairdressers have (part) arms, then environmentalists concern themselves with resources that have served the painter for centuries.
|
It is rational to agree that nevus is the medical term for mole.
|
The claim that nevus is the medical term for mole has no merit.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (Either [1] or [0].). [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [4] or (If [5], then [6].).
If [4], then [2].
If (If [5], then [6].), then (Either [1] or [0].). [SC3-3]
Therefore, Either [2] or (Either [1] or [0].)..
[SC3-3]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [7], then [8].), then (If (If [5], then [6].), then (Either [1] or [0].).).
If [7], then [8].
Therefore, If (If [5], then [6].), then (Either [1] or [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If [2], then [3].
Not [3].
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Nevus is the medical term for mole.', 1: 'Saphenous vein is used for heart by-pass surgery.', 2: 'Most storms are caused by sunspot activities.', 3: 'PEPs are instruments for setting environmental standards, goals, protocols and guidelines.', 4: 'Chemical agents are agents.', 5: 'Premature labour is a confinement.', 6: 'Gravity causes blood stasis in the legs and abdominal region.', 7: 'Hairdressers have (part) arms.', 8: 'Environmentalists concern themselves with resources that have served the painter for centuries.'}
| 5 |
4,285 |
['Assuming some cassowaries has-part legs, we know that the claim that some children have feet that are curved in does not reflect reality.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: cardamom seeds provide evidence, or carbon dioxide is colorless, odorless and heavier than air.', "Provided that cardamom seeds provide evidence, we know that either some cassowaries has-part legs or pitch is a lister's subjective interpretation of the sound's frequency.", "Should it be the case that carbon dioxide is colorless, odorless and heavier than air, it follows that either some cassowaries has-part legs or pitch is a lister's subjective interpretation of the sound's frequency.", 'At least one of two things is true: glucosamine helps bind water in the cartilage matrix, and is key to normal cartilage metabolism, or some people prefer protein from soy or whey to egg whites.', "Whenever it is true that glucosamine helps bind water in the cartilage matrix, and is key to normal cartilage metabolism, 'if some families have nest sites, then if pitch is a lister's subjective interpretation of the sound's frequency, then the claim that some children have feet that are curved in does not reflect reality' is true.", "Given that some people prefer protein from soy or whey to egg whites, it can be inferred that if some families have nest sites, then if pitch is a lister's subjective interpretation of the sound's frequency, then the claim that some children have feet that are curved in does not reflect reality.", 'Either seabirds have (part) wishbones or some families have nest sites.', 'It is not the case that seabirds have (part) wishbones.']
|
Assuming some cassowaries has-part legs, we know that the claim that some children have feet that are curved in does not reflect reality. Either one or both of these statements are true: cardamom seeds provide evidence, or carbon dioxide is colorless, odorless and heavier than air. Provided that cardamom seeds provide evidence, we know that either some cassowaries has-part legs or pitch is a lister's subjective interpretation of the sound's frequency. Should it be the case that carbon dioxide is colorless, odorless and heavier than air, it follows that either some cassowaries has-part legs or pitch is a lister's subjective interpretation of the sound's frequency. At least one of two things is true: glucosamine helps bind water in the cartilage matrix, and is key to normal cartilage metabolism, or some people prefer protein from soy or whey to egg whites. Whenever it is true that glucosamine helps bind water in the cartilage matrix, and is key to normal cartilage metabolism, 'if some families have nest sites, then if pitch is a lister's subjective interpretation of the sound's frequency, then the claim that some children have feet that are curved in does not reflect reality' is true. Given that some people prefer protein from soy or whey to egg whites, it can be inferred that if some families have nest sites, then if pitch is a lister's subjective interpretation of the sound's frequency, then the claim that some children have feet that are curved in does not reflect reality. Either seabirds have (part) wishbones or some families have nest sites. It is not the case that seabirds have (part) wishbones.
|
The claim that some children have feet that are curved in does not reflect reality.
|
The claim that some children have feet that are curved in does not reflect reality.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then (Not [0].).
If [2], then (Not [0].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (Either [1] or [2].).
If [5], then (Either [1] or [2].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC3-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (If [2], then (Not [0].).). [SC1-2]
[3] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (If [3], then (If [2], then (Not [0].).).).
If [7], then (If [3], then (If [2], then (Not [0].).).).
Therefore, If [3], then (If [2], then (Not [0].).)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [8] or [3].
Not [8].
Therefore, [3].
|
{0: 'Some children have feet that are curved in.', 1: 'Some cassowaries has-part legs.', 2: "Pitch is a lister's subjective interpretation of the sound's frequency.", 3: 'Some families have nest sites.', 4: 'Cardamom seeds provide evidence.', 5: 'Carbon dioxide is colorless, odorless and heavier than air.', 6: 'Glucosamine helps bind water in the cartilage matrix, and is key to normal cartilage metabolism.', 7: 'Some people prefer protein from soy or whey to egg whites.', 8: 'Seabirds have (part) wishbones.'}
| 5 |
4,071 |
["So long as the statement, either either networks carry signaling information used to manage telephone calls or immature scorpions molt an average of six times before maturity or mirrors capture light, does not hold, 'the statement that 'some mathematicians have their own consulting firms' is incorrect' is true.", "The statement 'most cats have hunt experience' can be considered false.", "So long as the claim that if the statement, either either networks carry signaling information used to manage telephone calls or immature scorpions molt an average of six times before maturity or mirrors capture light, does not hold, then some mathematicians have their own consulting firms does not reflect reality, 'kinkajous inhabit tropical rainforests' is true.", 'One may reasonably assume that if the claim that if the statement, either either networks carry signaling information used to manage telephone calls or immature scorpions molt an average of six times before maturity or mirrors capture light, does not hold, then some mathematicians have their own consulting firms does not reflect reality, then it is not true that kinkajous inhabit tropical rainforests.', 'Provided that if owls have (part) breasts, then most abuse is perpetrated by someone whom the victim knows and trusts, we know that if either networks carry signaling information used to manage telephone calls or immature scorpions molt an average of six times before maturity, then most cats have hunt experience.', 'Given that owls have (part) breasts, it can be inferred that most abuse is perpetrated by someone whom the victim knows and trusts.']
|
So long as the statement, either either networks carry signaling information used to manage telephone calls or immature scorpions molt an average of six times before maturity or mirrors capture light, does not hold, 'the statement that 'some mathematicians have their own consulting firms' is incorrect' is true. The statement 'most cats have hunt experience' can be considered false. So long as the claim that if the statement, either either networks carry signaling information used to manage telephone calls or immature scorpions molt an average of six times before maturity or mirrors capture light, does not hold, then some mathematicians have their own consulting firms does not reflect reality, 'kinkajous inhabit tropical rainforests' is true. One may reasonably assume that if the claim that if the statement, either either networks carry signaling information used to manage telephone calls or immature scorpions molt an average of six times before maturity or mirrors capture light, does not hold, then some mathematicians have their own consulting firms does not reflect reality, then it is not true that kinkajous inhabit tropical rainforests. Provided that if owls have (part) breasts, then most abuse is perpetrated by someone whom the victim knows and trusts, we know that if either networks carry signaling information used to manage telephone calls or immature scorpions molt an average of six times before maturity, then most cats have hunt experience. Given that owls have (part) breasts, it can be inferred that most abuse is perpetrated by someone whom the victim knows and trusts.
|
We can assume that mirrors capture light.
|
The claim that mirrors capture light has no merit.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not (Either [1] or [2].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0].).), then [4]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0].).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0].).), then [4].).), then [7].
If (Not (If (Not (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0].).), then [4].).), then (Not [7].).
Therefore, If (Not (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0].).), then [4]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Either [1] or [2].), then [3]. [SC1-2]
Not [3].
Therefore, Not (Either [1] or [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [5], then [6].), then (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [3].).
If [5], then [6].
Therefore, If (Either [1] or [2].), then [3]..
|
{0: 'Mirrors capture light.', 1: 'Networks carry signaling information used to manage telephone calls.', 2: 'Immature scorpions molt an average of six times before maturity.', 3: 'Most cats have hunt experience.', 4: 'Some mathematicians have their own consulting firms.', 5: 'Owls have (part) breasts.', 6: 'Most abuse is perpetrated by someone whom the victim knows and trusts.', 7: 'Kinkajous inhabit tropical rainforests.'}
| 5 |
4,049 |
['It is rational to agree that most enzymes require for synthesis.', 'Given that the claim that if most enzymes require for synthesis, then fresh crabs have life does not reflect reality, it can be inferred that many disabled persons are patients of chiropractors.', 'Should it be the case that many disabled persons are patients of chiropractors, it follows that if an armoury is a foundry, then mule deer have the same acute senses of smell, sight and hearing as have white-tailed deer.', 'Assuming ocelots appear to be better adapted to habitat disturbance and can live in disturbed forests, we know that if the claim that if most enzymes require for synthesis, then fresh crabs have life does not reflect reality, then it is not the case that if an armoury is a foundry, then mule deer have the same acute senses of smell, sight and hearing as have white-tailed deer.', "Once we know the notion that 'ocelots appear to be better adapted to habitat disturbance and can live in disturbed forests' is untrue, we also know that crop rotation is used to keep crops from depleting the soil.", "Whenever it is true that the notion that 'ocelots appear to be better adapted to habitat disturbance and can live in disturbed forests' is untrue, 'the claim that crop rotation is used to keep crops from depleting the soil is false' is true."]
|
It is rational to agree that most enzymes require for synthesis. Given that the claim that if most enzymes require for synthesis, then fresh crabs have life does not reflect reality, it can be inferred that many disabled persons are patients of chiropractors. Should it be the case that many disabled persons are patients of chiropractors, it follows that if an armoury is a foundry, then mule deer have the same acute senses of smell, sight and hearing as have white-tailed deer. Assuming ocelots appear to be better adapted to habitat disturbance and can live in disturbed forests, we know that if the claim that if most enzymes require for synthesis, then fresh crabs have life does not reflect reality, then it is not the case that if an armoury is a foundry, then mule deer have the same acute senses of smell, sight and hearing as have white-tailed deer. Once we know the notion that 'ocelots appear to be better adapted to habitat disturbance and can live in disturbed forests' is untrue, we also know that crop rotation is used to keep crops from depleting the soil. Whenever it is true that the notion that 'ocelots appear to be better adapted to habitat disturbance and can live in disturbed forests' is untrue, 'the claim that crop rotation is used to keep crops from depleting the soil is false' is true.
|
The statement 'fresh crabs have life' can be considered true.
|
Fresh crabs have shelf life.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (If [2], then [3].). [SC1-2]
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [4].
If [4], then (If [2], then [3].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (If [2], then [3].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).).
[5] [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).)..
[SC2-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [5].), then [6].
If (Not [5].), then (Not [6].).
Therefore, [5].
|
{0: 'Fresh crabs have life.', 1: 'Most enzymes require for synthesis.', 2: 'An armoury is a foundry.', 3: 'Mule deer have the same acute senses of smell, sight and hearing as have white-tailed deer.', 4: 'Many disabled persons are patients of chiropractors.', 5: 'Ocelots appear to be better adapted to habitat disturbance and can live in disturbed forests.', 6: 'Crop rotation is used to keep crops from depleting the soil.'}
| 5 |
4,179 |
['It is rational to believe that either staghorn corals grow rapidly, but are easily damaged in storms or horizontal forces affect horizontal motion.', "So long as staghorn corals grow rapidly, but are easily damaged in storms, 'swimming normally is a sport where everyone swims for themselves' is true.", 'There is good reason to believe that either microsporophylls bear two to eight microsporangia or if the claim that if horizontal forces affect horizontal motion, then swimming normally is a sport where everyone swims for themselves does not reflect reality, then health education occurs in relation to many contextual factors.', "The statement that 'microsporophylls bear two to eight microsporangia' is incorrect.", 'When either every enzyme has an optimum pH range outside of which the enzyme is inhibited or smart marketing means developing media smarts is true, it follows that if the claim that if horizontal forces affect horizontal motion, then swimming normally is a sport where everyone swims for themselves does not reflect reality, then the claim that health education occurs in relation to many contextual factors does not correspond with reality.', 'When chipmunks make various sounds to communicate is true, it follows that either every enzyme has an optimum pH range outside of which the enzyme is inhibited or smart marketing means developing media smarts.', 'It is the case that chipmunks make various sounds to communicate.']
|
It is rational to believe that either staghorn corals grow rapidly, but are easily damaged in storms or horizontal forces affect horizontal motion. So long as staghorn corals grow rapidly, but are easily damaged in storms, 'swimming normally is a sport where everyone swims for themselves' is true. There is good reason to believe that either microsporophylls bear two to eight microsporangia or if the claim that if horizontal forces affect horizontal motion, then swimming normally is a sport where everyone swims for themselves does not reflect reality, then health education occurs in relation to many contextual factors. The statement that 'microsporophylls bear two to eight microsporangia' is incorrect. When either every enzyme has an optimum pH range outside of which the enzyme is inhibited or smart marketing means developing media smarts is true, it follows that if the claim that if horizontal forces affect horizontal motion, then swimming normally is a sport where everyone swims for themselves does not reflect reality, then the claim that health education occurs in relation to many contextual factors does not correspond with reality. When chipmunks make various sounds to communicate is true, it follows that either every enzyme has an optimum pH range outside of which the enzyme is inhibited or smart marketing means developing media smarts. It is the case that chipmunks make various sounds to communicate.
|
The statement 'swimming normally is a sport where everyone swims for themselves' can be considered true.
|
The statement 'swimming normally is a sport where everyone swims for themselves' can be considered true.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2].
If [1], then [0].
If [2], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC3-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then (Not [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [2], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then [3].).
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then [3]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [5] or [6].), then (If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then (Not [3].).).
Either [5] or [6]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then (Not [3].)..
[SC2-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [7], then (Either [5] or [6].).
[7]
Therefore, Either [5] or [6]..
|
{0: 'Swimming normally is a sport where everyone swims for themselves.', 1: 'Staghorn corals grow rapidly, but are easily damaged in storms.', 2: 'Horizontal forces affect horizontal motion.', 3: 'Health education occurs in relation to many contextual factors.', 4: 'Microsporophylls bear two to eight microsporangia.', 5: 'Every enzyme has an optimum pH range outside of which the enzyme is inhibited.', 6: 'Smart marketing means developing media smarts.', 7: 'Chipmunks make various sounds to communicate.'}
| 5 |
4,506 |
['One may reasonably assume that if minerals are naturally-occurring inorganic solid with an orderly arrangement of atoms, then either scanning are photography or if inhalants are just as popular among middle school students as marijuana, then caretakers apply treatments.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: soap is a degreaser and can also irritate skin, or most insurance companies are well-managed financial institutions.', "On the condition that soap is a degreaser and can also irritate skin, it is definitely the case that the statement 'scanning are photography' can be considered false.", "Given that most insurance companies are well-managed financial institutions, it can be inferred that the statement 'scanning are photography' can be considered false.", 'We know that at least one of two things is true: either speed is the only way they are supposed to travel or estuaries provide good quality water, or muscle meat contains phosphorus.', 'When either speed is the only way they are supposed to travel or estuaries provide good quality water is true, it follows that either if peanuts work best when fermented, then animals live in different environments or minerals are naturally-occurring inorganic solid with an orderly arrangement of atoms.', 'When muscle meat contains phosphorus is true, it follows that either if peanuts work best when fermented, then animals live in different environments or minerals are naturally-occurring inorganic solid with an orderly arrangement of atoms.', 'On the condition that the claim that if if peanuts work best when fermented, then animals live in different environments, then either scanning are photography or if inhalants are just as popular among middle school students as marijuana, then caretakers apply treatments is false, it is definitely the case that either stress tests are medical tests or capacitors come in many sizes.', 'The claim that either stress tests are medical tests or capacitors come in many sizes is false.']
|
One may reasonably assume that if minerals are naturally-occurring inorganic solid with an orderly arrangement of atoms, then either scanning are photography or if inhalants are just as popular among middle school students as marijuana, then caretakers apply treatments. Either one or both of these statements are true: soap is a degreaser and can also irritate skin, or most insurance companies are well-managed financial institutions. On the condition that soap is a degreaser and can also irritate skin, it is definitely the case that the statement 'scanning are photography' can be considered false. Given that most insurance companies are well-managed financial institutions, it can be inferred that the statement 'scanning are photography' can be considered false. We know that at least one of two things is true: either speed is the only way they are supposed to travel or estuaries provide good quality water, or muscle meat contains phosphorus. When either speed is the only way they are supposed to travel or estuaries provide good quality water is true, it follows that either if peanuts work best when fermented, then animals live in different environments or minerals are naturally-occurring inorganic solid with an orderly arrangement of atoms. When muscle meat contains phosphorus is true, it follows that either if peanuts work best when fermented, then animals live in different environments or minerals are naturally-occurring inorganic solid with an orderly arrangement of atoms. On the condition that the claim that if if peanuts work best when fermented, then animals live in different environments, then either scanning are photography or if inhalants are just as popular among middle school students as marijuana, then caretakers apply treatments is false, it is definitely the case that either stress tests are medical tests or capacitors come in many sizes. The claim that either stress tests are medical tests or capacitors come in many sizes is false.
|
Whenever it is true that inhalants are just as popular among middle school students as marijuana, 'caretakers apply treatments' is true.
|
Whenever it is true that inhalants are just as popular among middle school students as marijuana, 'caretakers apply treatments' is true.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (If [0], then [1].). [SC1-1]
Not [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [5], then [6].) or [7]. [SC1-2]
If (If [5], then [6].), then (Either [2] or (If [0], then [1].).). [SC2-2]
If [7], then (Either [2] or (If [0], then [1].).).
Therefore, Either [2] or (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [8] or [9].) or [10].
If (Either [8] or [9].), then (Either (If [5], then [6].) or [7].).
If [10], then (Either (If [5], then [6].) or [7].).
Therefore, Either (If [5], then [6].) or [7]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (If [5], then [6].), then (Either [2] or (If [0], then [1].).).).), then (Either [11] or [12].).
Not (Either [11] or [12].).
Therefore, If (If [5], then [6].), then (Either [2] or (If [0], then [1].).)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4].
If [3], then (Not [2].).
If [4], then (Not [2].).
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Inhalants are just as popular among middle school students as marijuana.', 1: 'Caretakers apply treatments.', 2: 'Scanning are photography.', 3: 'Soap is a degreaser and can also irritate skin.', 4: 'Most insurance companies are well-managed financial institutions.', 5: 'Peanuts work best when fermented.', 6: 'Animals live in different environments.', 7: 'Minerals are naturally-occurring inorganic solid with an orderly arrangement of atoms.', 8: 'Speed is the only way they are supposed to travel.', 9: 'Estuaries provide good quality water.', 10: 'Muscle meat contains phosphorus.', 11: 'Stress tests are medical tests.', 12: 'Capacitors come in many sizes.'}
| 5 |
4,929 |
["So long as either potential energy is energy that is stored in an object, a rubber band for example or some games are exercises in wit and logic, 'offspring have (part) human bodies' is true.", 'The claim that caiman lizards are one of the largest lizards found in the Americas does not correspond with reality.', 'It is rational to believe that either either circumscript type means localized patch of hair loss or osteoporosis is treatable and even preventable or if most energy becomes energy, then examples are caterpillars, beetles and grasshoppers.', "So long as the notion that 'if the notion that 'either most energy becomes energy or either potential energy is energy that is stored in an object, a rubber band for example or some games are exercises in wit and logic' is untrue, then caiman lizards are one of the largest lizards found in the Americas' is untrue, 'mammals are also warm-blooded' is true.", "Once we know the notion that 'if the notion that 'either most energy becomes energy or either potential energy is energy that is stored in an object, a rubber band for example or some games are exercises in wit and logic' is untrue, then caiman lizards are one of the largest lizards found in the Americas' is untrue, we also know that it is a common misconception that mammals are also warm-blooded.", 'Given that either circumscript type means localized patch of hair loss or osteoporosis is treatable and even preventable, it can be inferred that pans are located in ovens.', "The notion that 'pans are located in ovens' is untrue."]
|
So long as either potential energy is energy that is stored in an object, a rubber band for example or some games are exercises in wit and logic, 'offspring have (part) human bodies' is true. The claim that caiman lizards are one of the largest lizards found in the Americas does not correspond with reality. It is rational to believe that either either circumscript type means localized patch of hair loss or osteoporosis is treatable and even preventable or if most energy becomes energy, then examples are caterpillars, beetles and grasshoppers. So long as the notion that 'if the notion that 'either most energy becomes energy or either potential energy is energy that is stored in an object, a rubber band for example or some games are exercises in wit and logic' is untrue, then caiman lizards are one of the largest lizards found in the Americas' is untrue, 'mammals are also warm-blooded' is true. Once we know the notion that 'if the notion that 'either most energy becomes energy or either potential energy is energy that is stored in an object, a rubber band for example or some games are exercises in wit and logic' is untrue, then caiman lizards are one of the largest lizards found in the Americas' is untrue, we also know that it is a common misconception that mammals are also warm-blooded. Given that either circumscript type means localized patch of hair loss or osteoporosis is treatable and even preventable, it can be inferred that pans are located in ovens. The notion that 'pans are located in ovens' is untrue.
|
It is a fact that either examples are caterpillars, beetles and grasshoppers or offspring have (part) human bodies.
|
It is not true that either examples are caterpillars, beetles and grasshoppers or offspring have (part) human bodies.
|
FALSE
|
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].). [SC1-1]
If [2], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If (Either [3] or [4].), then [1].
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].).).), then [7]. [SC1-2]
Not [7].
Therefore, Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].)..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].).).), then [7].).), then [9].
If (Not (If (Not (Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].).).), then [7].).), then (Not [9].).
Therefore, If (Not (Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].).).), then [7]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [5] or [6].) or (If [2], then [0].).
Not (Either [5] or [6].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [2], then [0]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Either [5] or [6].), then [8].
Not [8].
Therefore, Not (Either [5] or [6].)..
|
{0: 'Examples are caterpillars, beetles and grasshoppers.', 1: 'Offspring have (part) human bodies.', 2: 'Most energy becomes energy.', 3: 'Potential energy is energy that is stored in an object, a rubber band for example.', 4: 'Some games are exercises in wit and logic.', 5: 'Circumscript type means localized patch of hair loss.', 6: 'Osteoporosis is treatable and even preventable.', 7: 'Caiman lizards are one of the largest lizards found in the Americas.', 8: 'Pans are located in ovens.', 9: 'Mammals are also warm-blooded.'}
| 5 |
4,116 |
['Once we know it is not true that most plankton are either slow-swimming or so small that their swimming speed is small, we also know that writers block is a real condition, a clinical condition, like depression.', "Assuming the claim that if it is not true that most plankton are either slow-swimming or so small that their swimming speed is small, then the statement, writers block is a real condition, a clinical condition, like depression, does not hold has no merit, we know that dominion is the nation's largest fully integrated electric power and natural gas company.", "So long as the claim that if the claim that if the claim that if it is not true that most plankton are either slow-swimming or so small that their swimming speed is small, then the statement, writers block is a real condition, a clinical condition, like depression, does not hold has no merit, then the notion that 'dominion is the nation's largest fully integrated electric power and natural gas company' is untrue does not reflect reality, then either oil is used to provide lubrication between two moving parts to reduce wear or lightning can also occur in clean air within a few kilometers of a thunderstorm does not correspond with reality, 'mountain goats are found in Canada, Alaska, Washington, Idaho, Oregon and Montana' is true.", "Once we know the claim that if the claim that if the claim that if it is not true that most plankton are either slow-swimming or so small that their swimming speed is small, then the statement, writers block is a real condition, a clinical condition, like depression, does not hold has no merit, then the notion that 'dominion is the nation's largest fully integrated electric power and natural gas company' is untrue does not reflect reality, then either oil is used to provide lubrication between two moving parts to reduce wear or lightning can also occur in clean air within a few kilometers of a thunderstorm does not correspond with reality, we also know that the claim that mountain goats are found in Canada, Alaska, Washington, Idaho, Oregon and Montana is false.", 'It is a fact that either open eyes are eyes or either a researcher is a scientist or lightning can damage electrical installations, start fires and cause death by electrocution.', "On the condition that open eyes are eyes, it is definitely the case that if the claim that if the claim that if it is not true that most plankton are either slow-swimming or so small that their swimming speed is small, then the statement, writers block is a real condition, a clinical condition, like depression, does not hold has no merit, then the notion that 'dominion is the nation's largest fully integrated electric power and natural gas company' is untrue does not reflect reality, then the claim that either oil is used to provide lubrication between two moving parts to reduce wear or lightning can also occur in clean air within a few kilometers of a thunderstorm has no merit.", "On the condition that either a researcher is a scientist or lightning can damage electrical installations, start fires and cause death by electrocution, it is definitely the case that if the claim that if the claim that if it is not true that most plankton are either slow-swimming or so small that their swimming speed is small, then the statement, writers block is a real condition, a clinical condition, like depression, does not hold has no merit, then the notion that 'dominion is the nation's largest fully integrated electric power and natural gas company' is untrue does not reflect reality, then the claim that either oil is used to provide lubrication between two moving parts to reduce wear or lightning can also occur in clean air within a few kilometers of a thunderstorm has no merit."]
|
Once we know it is not true that most plankton are either slow-swimming or so small that their swimming speed is small, we also know that writers block is a real condition, a clinical condition, like depression. Assuming the claim that if it is not true that most plankton are either slow-swimming or so small that their swimming speed is small, then the statement, writers block is a real condition, a clinical condition, like depression, does not hold has no merit, we know that dominion is the nation's largest fully integrated electric power and natural gas company. So long as the claim that if the claim that if the claim that if it is not true that most plankton are either slow-swimming or so small that their swimming speed is small, then the statement, writers block is a real condition, a clinical condition, like depression, does not hold has no merit, then the notion that 'dominion is the nation's largest fully integrated electric power and natural gas company' is untrue does not reflect reality, then either oil is used to provide lubrication between two moving parts to reduce wear or lightning can also occur in clean air within a few kilometers of a thunderstorm does not correspond with reality, 'mountain goats are found in Canada, Alaska, Washington, Idaho, Oregon and Montana' is true. Once we know the claim that if the claim that if the claim that if it is not true that most plankton are either slow-swimming or so small that their swimming speed is small, then the statement, writers block is a real condition, a clinical condition, like depression, does not hold has no merit, then the notion that 'dominion is the nation's largest fully integrated electric power and natural gas company' is untrue does not reflect reality, then either oil is used to provide lubrication between two moving parts to reduce wear or lightning can also occur in clean air within a few kilometers of a thunderstorm does not correspond with reality, we also know that the claim that mountain goats are found in Canada, Alaska, Washington, Idaho, Oregon and Montana is false. It is a fact that either open eyes are eyes or either a researcher is a scientist or lightning can damage electrical installations, start fires and cause death by electrocution. On the condition that open eyes are eyes, it is definitely the case that if the claim that if the claim that if it is not true that most plankton are either slow-swimming or so small that their swimming speed is small, then the statement, writers block is a real condition, a clinical condition, like depression, does not hold has no merit, then the notion that 'dominion is the nation's largest fully integrated electric power and natural gas company' is untrue does not reflect reality, then the claim that either oil is used to provide lubrication between two moving parts to reduce wear or lightning can also occur in clean air within a few kilometers of a thunderstorm has no merit. On the condition that either a researcher is a scientist or lightning can damage electrical installations, start fires and cause death by electrocution, it is definitely the case that if the claim that if the claim that if it is not true that most plankton are either slow-swimming or so small that their swimming speed is small, then the statement, writers block is a real condition, a clinical condition, like depression, does not hold has no merit, then the notion that 'dominion is the nation's largest fully integrated electric power and natural gas company' is untrue does not reflect reality, then the claim that either oil is used to provide lubrication between two moving parts to reduce wear or lightning can also occur in clean air within a few kilometers of a thunderstorm has no merit.
|
It is rational to agree that most plankton are either slow-swimming or so small that their swimming speed is small.
|
Plankton has (part) cells.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1].
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then [2].
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [2].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [2].).).), then (Either [3] or [4].). [SC1-3]
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [2].).).), then (Not (Either [3] or [4].).). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [2].)..
[SC1-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [2].).).), then (Either [3] or [4].).).), then [5].
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [2].).).), then (Either [3] or [4].).).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [2].).).), then (Either [3] or [4].)..
[SC2-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or (Either [7] or [8].).
If [6], then (If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [2].).).), then (Not (Either [3] or [4].).).).
If (Either [7] or [8].), then (If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [2].).).), then (Not (Either [3] or [4].).).).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [2].).).), then (Not (Either [3] or [4].).)..
|
{0: 'Most plankton are either slow-swimming or so small that their swimming speed is small.', 1: 'Writers block is a real condition, a clinical condition, like depression.', 2: "Dominion is the nation's largest fully integrated electric power and natural gas company.", 3: 'Oil is used to provide lubrication between two moving parts to reduce wear.', 4: 'Lightning can also occur in clean air within a few kilometers of a thunderstorm.', 5: 'Mountain goats are found in Canada, Alaska, Washington, Idaho, Oregon and Montana.', 6: 'Open eyes are eyes.', 7: 'A researcher is a scientist.', 8: 'Lightning can damage electrical installations, start fires and cause death by electrocution.'}
| 5 |
4,293 |
['The claim that calculators provides tools for performing various health and swimming calculations has no merit.', 'It is a fact that either jellyfish go to water or humans come from phylogenetic lineage.', "So long as jellyfish go to water, 'throat singers seem to sing multiple notes simultaneously by precisely manipulating their airways' is true.", 'We know that either conifers are also better adapted to inferior soils or the claim that throat singers seem to sing multiple notes simultaneously by precisely manipulating their airways has no merit.', 'The claim that conifers are also better adapted to inferior soils does not reflect reality.', 'When some salt water produces electricity is true, it follows that if humans come from phylogenetic lineage, then if fair trade helps build independence and community empowerment for small farmers and their families, then calculators provides tools for performing various health and swimming calculations.', 'The idea that some salt water produces electricity is true.']
|
The claim that calculators provides tools for performing various health and swimming calculations has no merit. It is a fact that either jellyfish go to water or humans come from phylogenetic lineage. So long as jellyfish go to water, 'throat singers seem to sing multiple notes simultaneously by precisely manipulating their airways' is true. We know that either conifers are also better adapted to inferior soils or the claim that throat singers seem to sing multiple notes simultaneously by precisely manipulating their airways has no merit. The claim that conifers are also better adapted to inferior soils does not reflect reality. When some salt water produces electricity is true, it follows that if humans come from phylogenetic lineage, then if fair trade helps build independence and community empowerment for small farmers and their families, then calculators provides tools for performing various health and swimming calculations. The idea that some salt water produces electricity is true.
|
The claim that fair trade helps build independence and community empowerment for small farmers and their families does not correspond with reality.
|
The claim that fair trade includes fair wages for workers as an integral part of the business arrangement does not reflect reality.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (If [0], then [1].). [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then [2].
If [5], then (If [0], then [1].). [SC3-3]
Therefore, Either [2] or (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC3-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If [5], then (If [0], then [1].).).
[6]
Therefore, If [5], then (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (Not [2].).
Not [3].
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Fair trade helps build independence and community empowerment for small farmers and their families.', 1: 'Calculators provides tools for performing various health and swimming calculations.', 2: 'Throat singers seem to sing multiple notes simultaneously by precisely manipulating their airways.', 3: 'Conifers are also better adapted to inferior soils.', 4: 'Jellyfish go to water.', 5: 'Humans come from phylogenetic lineage.', 6: 'Some salt water produces electricity.'}
| 5 |
4,076 |
['It is rational to believe that either bees fly from flower to flower collecting nectar or colds start gradually, while flu hits suddenly.', "So long as bees fly from flower to flower collecting nectar, 'most human activities destroy habitats' is true.", 'If colds start gradually, while flu hits suddenly, then most human activities destroy habitats.', 'On the condition that it is a common misconception that if if schools play an increasingly important role in the distribution of roles within society, then sore noses are one of the most common gerbil health problems, then if most human activities destroy habitats, then some comets are bright, others have long tails, still others have interesting orbits, it is definitely the case that some sound waves cause damage.', 'Once we know it is a common misconception that if if schools play an increasingly important role in the distribution of roles within society, then sore noses are one of the most common gerbil health problems, then if most human activities destroy habitats, then some comets are bright, others have long tails, still others have interesting orbits, we also know that the claim that some sound waves cause damage does not correspond with reality.', "Whenever it is true that books is the number of books where the word was used, 'if schools play an increasingly important role in the distribution of roles within society, then sore noses are one of the most common gerbil health problems' is true.", 'It is fair to say that books is the number of books where the word was used.']
|
It is rational to believe that either bees fly from flower to flower collecting nectar or colds start gradually, while flu hits suddenly. So long as bees fly from flower to flower collecting nectar, 'most human activities destroy habitats' is true. If colds start gradually, while flu hits suddenly, then most human activities destroy habitats. On the condition that it is a common misconception that if if schools play an increasingly important role in the distribution of roles within society, then sore noses are one of the most common gerbil health problems, then if most human activities destroy habitats, then some comets are bright, others have long tails, still others have interesting orbits, it is definitely the case that some sound waves cause damage. Once we know it is a common misconception that if if schools play an increasingly important role in the distribution of roles within society, then sore noses are one of the most common gerbil health problems, then if most human activities destroy habitats, then some comets are bright, others have long tails, still others have interesting orbits, we also know that the claim that some sound waves cause damage does not correspond with reality. Whenever it is true that books is the number of books where the word was used, 'if schools play an increasingly important role in the distribution of roles within society, then sore noses are one of the most common gerbil health problems' is true. It is fair to say that books is the number of books where the word was used.
|
The statement that states some comets are bright, others have long tails, still others have interesting orbits is right.
|
Comets are very small in size relative to planets.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [4], then [5].), then (If [1], then [0].). [SC1-2]
If [4], then [5]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (If [4], then [5].), then (If [1], then [0].).).), then [6].
If (Not (If (If [4], then [5].), then (If [1], then [0].).).), then (Not [6].).
Therefore, If (If [4], then [5].), then (If [1], then [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [7], then (If [4], then [5].).
[7]
Therefore, If [4], then [5]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then [1].
If [3], then [1].
Therefore, [1].
|
{0: 'Some comets are bright, others have long tails, still others have interesting orbits.', 1: 'Most human activities destroy habitats.', 2: 'Bees fly from flower to flower collecting nectar.', 3: 'Colds start gradually, while flu hits suddenly.', 4: 'Schools play an increasingly important role in the distribution of roles within society.', 5: 'Sore noses are one of the most common gerbil health problems.', 6: 'Some sound waves cause damage.', 7: 'Books is the number of books where the word was used.'}
| 5 |
4,048 |
['When it is not the case that madness is insanity is true, it follows that those that suggest seismology studies the frequency, type and size of earthquakes over a period of time are wrong.', 'It is fair to say that most countries have agencies that publish paper maps in various scales.', 'Should it be the case that either osteoporosis resulting from drugs or another medical condition is known as secondary osteoporosis or cast iron has a porous surface, it follows that gases are used for fuel.', 'The claim that gases are used for fuel has no merit.', 'When the statement, if most countries have agencies that publish paper maps in various scales, then if the claim that if it is not the case that madness is insanity, then seismology studies the frequency, type and size of earthquakes over a period of time does not correspond with reality, then either osteoporosis resulting from drugs or another medical condition is known as secondary osteoporosis or cast iron has a porous surface, does not hold is true, it follows that mohave has (part) body substances.', 'It is not the case that mohave has (part) body substances.']
|
When it is not the case that madness is insanity is true, it follows that those that suggest seismology studies the frequency, type and size of earthquakes over a period of time are wrong. It is fair to say that most countries have agencies that publish paper maps in various scales. Should it be the case that either osteoporosis resulting from drugs or another medical condition is known as secondary osteoporosis or cast iron has a porous surface, it follows that gases are used for fuel. The claim that gases are used for fuel has no merit. When the statement, if most countries have agencies that publish paper maps in various scales, then if the claim that if it is not the case that madness is insanity, then seismology studies the frequency, type and size of earthquakes over a period of time does not correspond with reality, then either osteoporosis resulting from drugs or another medical condition is known as secondary osteoporosis or cast iron has a porous surface, does not hold is true, it follows that mohave has (part) body substances. It is not the case that mohave has (part) body substances.
|
Those that suggest madness is insanity are right.
|
It is not true that madness is insanity.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC1-2]
Not (Either [2] or [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].).). [SC1-3]
[4]
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC1-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [4], then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].).).).), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, If [4], then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].).)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Either [2] or [3].), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, Not (Either [2] or [3].)..
|
{0: 'Madness is insanity.', 1: 'Seismology studies the frequency, type and size of earthquakes over a period of time.', 2: 'Osteoporosis resulting from drugs or another medical condition is known as secondary osteoporosis.', 3: 'Cast iron has a porous surface.', 4: 'Most countries have agencies that publish paper maps in various scales.', 5: 'Gases are used for fuel.', 6: 'Mohave has (part) body substances.'}
| 5 |
4,503 |
['We know that at least one of two things is true: impaired environments affect all our lives and the well being of everyone, or diopters are units of measurement.', 'At least one of two things is true: if brevity is the soul of the web, then sunlight has (part) photons, or cytokines are small hormnone like polypeptides.', 'One may reasonably assume that if if brevity is the soul of the web, then sunlight has (part) photons, then either electricity plays an important role in every business or the statement, impaired environments affect all our lives and the well being of everyone, does not hold.', 'We know that either horticultural oil removes the bloom from blue and white spruces or it is not true that electricity plays an important role in every business.', 'It is not the case that horticultural oil removes the bloom from blue and white spruces.', 'One may reasonably assume that if ministers have (part) heads, then if cytokines are small hormnone like polypeptides, then either electricity plays an important role in every business or the statement, impaired environments affect all our lives and the well being of everyone, does not hold.', 'The claim that ministers have (part) heads is true.']
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: impaired environments affect all our lives and the well being of everyone, or diopters are units of measurement. At least one of two things is true: if brevity is the soul of the web, then sunlight has (part) photons, or cytokines are small hormnone like polypeptides. One may reasonably assume that if if brevity is the soul of the web, then sunlight has (part) photons, then either electricity plays an important role in every business or the statement, impaired environments affect all our lives and the well being of everyone, does not hold. We know that either horticultural oil removes the bloom from blue and white spruces or it is not true that electricity plays an important role in every business. It is not the case that horticultural oil removes the bloom from blue and white spruces. One may reasonably assume that if ministers have (part) heads, then if cytokines are small hormnone like polypeptides, then either electricity plays an important role in every business or the statement, impaired environments affect all our lives and the well being of everyone, does not hold. The claim that ministers have (part) heads is true.
|
Those that suggest diopters are units of measurement are right.
|
It is not true that diopters are units of measurement.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [3], then [4].) or [5].
If (If [3], then [4].), then (Either [2] or (Not [1].).).
If [5], then (Either [2] or (Not [1].).). [SC3-3]
Therefore, Either [2] or (Not [1].)..
[SC3-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [7], then (If [5], then (Either [2] or (Not [1].).).).
[7]
Therefore, If [5], then (Either [2] or (Not [1].).)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (Not [2].).
Not [6].
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Diopters are units of measurement.', 1: 'Impaired environments affect all our lives and the well being of everyone.', 2: 'Electricity plays an important role in every business.', 3: 'Brevity is the soul of the web.', 4: 'Sunlight has (part) photons.', 5: 'Cytokines are small hormnone like polypeptides.', 6: 'Horticultural oil removes the bloom from blue and white spruces.', 7: 'Ministers have (part) heads.'}
| 5 |
4,263 |
['Some people mistakenly believe that relativity predicts that, as the velocity of an entity increases the length of that entity contacts.', 'It is a fact that either stepping motors come in a wide range of angular resolution or ionization energies for neutral atoms are also available on a hyperlinked periodic table.', "Given that ionization energies for neutral atoms are also available on a hyperlinked periodic table, it can be inferred that if the claim that electronic commerce is a hot topic in both the computer industry and the business world does not correspond with reality, then the statement 'topic sentences are topics' can be considered false.", 'We know that at least one of two things is true: science helps techniques, or either relativity predicts that, as the velocity of an entity increases the length of that entity contacts or if the claim that electronic commerce is a hot topic in both the computer industry and the business world does not correspond with reality, then topic sentences are topics.', 'It is not the case that science helps techniques.', 'Should it be the case that stepping motors come in a wide range of angular resolution, it follows that hairs start life as a hair bulb, produced in small sac in the skin called a follicle.', "One may reasonably assume that if hairs start life as a hair bulb, produced in small sac in the skin called a follicle, then if the claim that electronic commerce is a hot topic in both the computer industry and the business world does not correspond with reality, then the statement 'topic sentences are topics' can be considered false."]
|
Some people mistakenly believe that relativity predicts that, as the velocity of an entity increases the length of that entity contacts. It is a fact that either stepping motors come in a wide range of angular resolution or ionization energies for neutral atoms are also available on a hyperlinked periodic table. Given that ionization energies for neutral atoms are also available on a hyperlinked periodic table, it can be inferred that if the claim that electronic commerce is a hot topic in both the computer industry and the business world does not correspond with reality, then the statement 'topic sentences are topics' can be considered false. We know that at least one of two things is true: science helps techniques, or either relativity predicts that, as the velocity of an entity increases the length of that entity contacts or if the claim that electronic commerce is a hot topic in both the computer industry and the business world does not correspond with reality, then topic sentences are topics. It is not the case that science helps techniques. Should it be the case that stepping motors come in a wide range of angular resolution, it follows that hairs start life as a hair bulb, produced in small sac in the skin called a follicle. One may reasonably assume that if hairs start life as a hair bulb, produced in small sac in the skin called a follicle, then if the claim that electronic commerce is a hot topic in both the computer industry and the business world does not correspond with reality, then the statement 'topic sentences are topics' can be considered false.
|
electronic commerce is a hot topic in both the computer industry and the business world.
|
The notion that 'electronic commerce is a hot topic in both the computer industry and the business world' is untrue.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC1-2]
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (Either [4] or (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).
Not [6].
Therefore, Either [4] or (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).). [SC2-2]
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [5].
If [5], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).)..
|
{0: 'Electronic commerce is a hot topic in both the computer industry and the business world.', 1: 'Topic sentences are topics.', 2: 'Stepping motors come in a wide range of angular resolution.', 3: 'Ionization energies for neutral atoms are also available on a hyperlinked periodic table.', 4: 'Relativity predicts that, as the velocity of an entity increases the length of that entity contacts.', 5: 'Hairs start life as a hair bulb, produced in small sac in the skin called a follicle.', 6: 'Science helps techniques.'}
| 5 |
4,808 |
['We know that at least one of two things is true: memory problems arising from brain disease can occur for different reasons, or bears prefer forests.', 'Either hydrocarbons are drop-in substitutes for chemical refrigerants or some centipedes have areas.', "Whenever it is true that hydrocarbons are drop-in substitutes for chemical refrigerants, 'if bears prefer forests, then most jellyfish have mouths' is true.", 'If some centipedes have areas, then if bears prefer forests, then most jellyfish have mouths.', "Whenever it is true that sugar can lead to the formation of kidney stones, 'if memory problems arising from brain disease can occur for different reasons, then pretibial myxoedema presents with a lumpy appearance over the shins' is true.", 'It is a simple truth that sugar can lead to the formation of kidney stones.', 'Provided that we know that the claim that if pretibial myxoedema presents with a lumpy appearance over the shins, then most jellyfish have mouths is false, we know that either inspectors have (part) cytoplasm or most women have offspring.', "So long as we know that the claim that if pretibial myxoedema presents with a lumpy appearance over the shins, then most jellyfish have mouths is false, 'it is not true that either inspectors have (part) cytoplasm or most women have offspring' is true."]
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: memory problems arising from brain disease can occur for different reasons, or bears prefer forests. Either hydrocarbons are drop-in substitutes for chemical refrigerants or some centipedes have areas. Whenever it is true that hydrocarbons are drop-in substitutes for chemical refrigerants, 'if bears prefer forests, then most jellyfish have mouths' is true. If some centipedes have areas, then if bears prefer forests, then most jellyfish have mouths. Whenever it is true that sugar can lead to the formation of kidney stones, 'if memory problems arising from brain disease can occur for different reasons, then pretibial myxoedema presents with a lumpy appearance over the shins' is true. It is a simple truth that sugar can lead to the formation of kidney stones. Provided that we know that the claim that if pretibial myxoedema presents with a lumpy appearance over the shins, then most jellyfish have mouths is false, we know that either inspectors have (part) cytoplasm or most women have offspring. So long as we know that the claim that if pretibial myxoedema presents with a lumpy appearance over the shins, then most jellyfish have mouths is false, 'it is not true that either inspectors have (part) cytoplasm or most women have offspring' is true.
|
The statement 'most jellyfish have mouths' is true.
|
The statement 'most jellyfish have mouths' is true.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2].
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [2], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [3]. [SC1-2]
If [3], then [0]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [8], then (If [1], then [3].).
[8]
Therefore, If [1], then [3]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [3], then [0].).), then (Either [6] or [7].).
If (Not (If [3], then [0].).), then (Not (Either [6] or [7].).).
Therefore, If [3], then [0]..
[SC3-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (If [2], then [0].).
If [5], then (If [2], then [0].).
Therefore, If [2], then [0]..
|
{0: 'Most jellyfish have mouths.', 1: 'Memory problems arising from brain disease can occur for different reasons.', 2: 'Bears prefer forests.', 3: 'Pretibial myxoedema presents with a lumpy appearance over the shins.', 4: 'Hydrocarbons are drop-in substitutes for chemical refrigerants.', 5: 'Some centipedes have areas.', 6: 'Inspectors have (part) cytoplasm.', 7: 'Most women have offspring.', 8: 'Sugar can lead to the formation of kidney stones.'}
| 5 |
4,863 |
['It is rational to believe that either cubism is a unique way of looking at the relationship between shape and space or gray hair is formed when the signal to produce color slows or stops.', 'Once we know gray hair is formed when the signal to produce color slows or stops, we also know that caves are used for homes.', 'Once we know africa has (part) Cameroon, we also know that if the claim that if cubism is a unique way of looking at the relationship between shape and space, then caves are used for homes is false, then cricket is a passion in India.', 'Once we know cricket is a passion in India, we also know that humans bury humans because they have to, humans bury pets because they want to.', 'Provided that cricket is a passion in India, we know that the claim that humans bury humans because they have to, humans bury pets because they want to has no merit.', 'It is a fact that either smoking is a powerful physical and psychological addiction or beakers have (part) brims.', 'If smoking is a powerful physical and psychological addiction, then africa has (part) Cameroon.', 'Should it be the case that beakers have (part) brims, it follows that africa has (part) Cameroon.']
|
It is rational to believe that either cubism is a unique way of looking at the relationship between shape and space or gray hair is formed when the signal to produce color slows or stops. Once we know gray hair is formed when the signal to produce color slows or stops, we also know that caves are used for homes. Once we know africa has (part) Cameroon, we also know that if the claim that if cubism is a unique way of looking at the relationship between shape and space, then caves are used for homes is false, then cricket is a passion in India. Once we know cricket is a passion in India, we also know that humans bury humans because they have to, humans bury pets because they want to. Provided that cricket is a passion in India, we know that the claim that humans bury humans because they have to, humans bury pets because they want to has no merit. It is a fact that either smoking is a powerful physical and psychological addiction or beakers have (part) brims. If smoking is a powerful physical and psychological addiction, then africa has (part) Cameroon. Should it be the case that beakers have (part) brims, it follows that africa has (part) Cameroon.
|
It is true that caves are used for homes.
|
Many caves contain pits which require special equipment and training to safely decend and ascend.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2].
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [2], then [0].
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [3].).
[4] [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [3]..
[SC2-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then [4].
If [7], then [4].
Therefore, [4].
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [3], then [5].
If [3], then (Not [5].).
Therefore, Not [3]..
|
{0: 'Caves are used for homes.', 1: 'Cubism is a unique way of looking at the relationship between shape and space.', 2: 'Gray hair is formed when the signal to produce color slows or stops.', 3: 'Cricket is a passion in India.', 4: 'Africa has (part) Cameroon.', 5: 'Humans bury humans because they have to, humans bury pets because they want to.', 6: 'Smoking is a powerful physical and psychological addiction.', 7: 'Beakers have (part) brims.'}
| 5 |
4,748 |
["We know that at least one of two things is true: a grocery bag is a paper bag, or the notion that 'spasmodic dysphonia is a result of abnormal physiology' is untrue.", 'One may reasonably assume that if a grocery bag is a paper bag, then the claim that machinery is powered by combustion engine motors does not correspond with reality.', "Whenever it is true that it is not true that if a grocery bag is a paper bag, then most scarlet macaws feed on tropical fruit, 'electrical current is run through the tungsten filament, causing it to glow and emit electrons' is true.", 'Those that suggest electrical current is run through the tungsten filament, causing it to glow and emit electrons are wrong.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: meningococcal infections can cause blood infections and sometimes death, or if some clans take their names from nature and wildlife, then an artificial joint is an implant.', 'Provided that meningococcal infections can cause blood infections and sometimes death, we know that if most scarlet macaws feed on tropical fruit, then machinery is powered by combustion engine motors.', "Whenever it is true that if some clans take their names from nature and wildlife, then an artificial joint is an implant, 'if most scarlet macaws feed on tropical fruit, then machinery is powered by combustion engine motors' is true."]
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: a grocery bag is a paper bag, or the notion that 'spasmodic dysphonia is a result of abnormal physiology' is untrue. One may reasonably assume that if a grocery bag is a paper bag, then the claim that machinery is powered by combustion engine motors does not correspond with reality. Whenever it is true that it is not true that if a grocery bag is a paper bag, then most scarlet macaws feed on tropical fruit, 'electrical current is run through the tungsten filament, causing it to glow and emit electrons' is true. Those that suggest electrical current is run through the tungsten filament, causing it to glow and emit electrons are wrong. We know that at least one of two things is true: meningococcal infections can cause blood infections and sometimes death, or if some clans take their names from nature and wildlife, then an artificial joint is an implant. Provided that meningococcal infections can cause blood infections and sometimes death, we know that if most scarlet macaws feed on tropical fruit, then machinery is powered by combustion engine motors. Whenever it is true that if some clans take their names from nature and wildlife, then an artificial joint is an implant, 'if most scarlet macaws feed on tropical fruit, then machinery is powered by combustion engine motors' is true.
|
The notion that 'spasmodic dysphonia is a result of abnormal physiology' is untrue.
|
The notion that 'spasmodic dysphonia is a result of abnormal physiology' is untrue.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or (Not [0].).
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [1], then [2]. [SC1-2]
If [1], then (Not [2].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [3]. [SC1-3]
If [3], then [2]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [1], then [2]..
[SC1-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [1], then [3].).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, If [1], then [3]..
[SC2-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or (If [6], then [7].).
If [5], then (If [3], then [2].).
If (If [6], then [7].), then (If [3], then [2].).
Therefore, If [3], then [2]..
|
{0: 'Spasmodic dysphonia is a result of abnormal physiology.', 1: 'A grocery bag is a paper bag.', 2: 'Machinery is powered by combustion engine motors.', 3: 'Most scarlet macaws feed on tropical fruit.', 4: 'Electrical current is run through the tungsten filament, causing it to glow and emit electrons.', 5: 'Meningococcal infections can cause blood infections and sometimes death.', 6: 'Some clans take their names from nature and wildlife.', 7: 'An artificial joint is an implant.'}
| 5 |
4,064 |
['Those that suggest either a top dog is a leader or dry air reduces the number of mites are wrong.', 'The idea that most pads have surfaces is true.', 'When competition is a part of nature, it is part of being human is true, it follows that if it is not true that if most pads have surfaces, then either either a top dog is a leader or dry air reduces the number of mites or families often function better if decision making is democratic, then either individuals experience lower temperature or mangroves have three basic organs lika any other ordinary plant, the stem, the leaf and the root.', 'It is the case that competition is a part of nature, it is part of being human.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: composts help fight soilborne pathogens that cause plant diseases, or if it is not true that if most pads have surfaces, then either either a top dog is a leader or dry air reduces the number of mites or families often function better if decision making is democratic, then those that suggest either individuals experience lower temperature or mangroves have three basic organs lika any other ordinary plant, the stem, the leaf and the root are wrong.', 'Those that suggest composts help fight soilborne pathogens that cause plant diseases are wrong.']
|
Those that suggest either a top dog is a leader or dry air reduces the number of mites are wrong. The idea that most pads have surfaces is true. When competition is a part of nature, it is part of being human is true, it follows that if it is not true that if most pads have surfaces, then either either a top dog is a leader or dry air reduces the number of mites or families often function better if decision making is democratic, then either individuals experience lower temperature or mangroves have three basic organs lika any other ordinary plant, the stem, the leaf and the root. It is the case that competition is a part of nature, it is part of being human. We know that at least one of two things is true: composts help fight soilborne pathogens that cause plant diseases, or if it is not true that if most pads have surfaces, then either either a top dog is a leader or dry air reduces the number of mites or families often function better if decision making is democratic, then those that suggest either individuals experience lower temperature or mangroves have three basic organs lika any other ordinary plant, the stem, the leaf and the root are wrong. Those that suggest composts help fight soilborne pathogens that cause plant diseases are wrong.
|
It is rational to agree that families often function better if decision making is democratic.
|
We know that the claim that families often function better if decision making is democratic is false.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not (Either [1] or [2].).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0].). [SC1-2]
[3]
Therefore, Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [3], then (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0].).).), then (Either [4] or [5].). [SC1-3]
If (Not (If [3], then (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0].).).), then (Not (Either [4] or [5].).). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [3], then (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0].)..
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If (Not (If [3], then (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0].).).), then (Either [4] or [5].).).
[6]
Therefore, If (Not (If [3], then (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0].).).), then (Either [4] or [5].)..
[SC2-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [7] or (If (Not (If [3], then (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0].).).), then (Not (Either [4] or [5].).).).
Not [7].
Therefore, If (Not (If [3], then (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0].).).), then (Not (Either [4] or [5].).)..
|
{0: 'Families often function better if decision making is democratic.', 1: 'A top dog is a leader.', 2: 'Dry air reduces the number of mites.', 3: 'Most pads have surfaces.', 4: 'Individuals experience lower temperature.', 5: 'Mangroves have three basic organs lika any other ordinary plant, the stem, the leaf and the root.', 6: 'Competition is a part of nature, it is part of being human.', 7: 'Composts help fight soilborne pathogens that cause plant diseases.'}
| 5 |
4,798 |
["Given that the statement 'severe infestations can cause anemia' can be considered false, it can be inferred that some obesity has strong determinant.", 'When northern fly squirrels have belly fur is true, it follows that the claim that some obesity has strong determinant does not reflect reality.', 'One may reasonably assume that if if capital cases are the costliest of criminal cases, then evolution has nothing to do with cosmology or the so-called creation of the universe, then either northern fly squirrels have belly fur or dark dip sauces make from vinegar.', 'One may reasonably assume that if capital cases are the costliest of criminal cases, then evolution has nothing to do with cosmology or the so-called creation of the universe.', 'On the condition that decompression sickness is an illness, it is definitely the case that if dark dip sauces make from vinegar, then the claim that some obesity has strong determinant does not reflect reality.', 'On the condition that if compounds compose of carbon, then some colleges have night classes for people who work during the day, it is definitely the case that if dark dip sauces make from vinegar, then the claim that some obesity has strong determinant does not reflect reality.', 'At least one of two things is true: if young caterpillars feed together and when older they feed alone, then some machines also behave as though they experience perceptions, or china is the only country in the world where more suicides are reported for women than for men.', 'Provided that if young caterpillars feed together and when older they feed alone, then some machines also behave as though they experience perceptions, we know that either decompression sickness is an illness or if compounds compose of carbon, then some colleges have night classes for people who work during the day.', 'On the condition that china is the only country in the world where more suicides are reported for women than for men, it is definitely the case that either decompression sickness is an illness or if compounds compose of carbon, then some colleges have night classes for people who work during the day.']
|
Given that the statement 'severe infestations can cause anemia' can be considered false, it can be inferred that some obesity has strong determinant. When northern fly squirrels have belly fur is true, it follows that the claim that some obesity has strong determinant does not reflect reality. One may reasonably assume that if if capital cases are the costliest of criminal cases, then evolution has nothing to do with cosmology or the so-called creation of the universe, then either northern fly squirrels have belly fur or dark dip sauces make from vinegar. One may reasonably assume that if capital cases are the costliest of criminal cases, then evolution has nothing to do with cosmology or the so-called creation of the universe. On the condition that decompression sickness is an illness, it is definitely the case that if dark dip sauces make from vinegar, then the claim that some obesity has strong determinant does not reflect reality. On the condition that if compounds compose of carbon, then some colleges have night classes for people who work during the day, it is definitely the case that if dark dip sauces make from vinegar, then the claim that some obesity has strong determinant does not reflect reality. At least one of two things is true: if young caterpillars feed together and when older they feed alone, then some machines also behave as though they experience perceptions, or china is the only country in the world where more suicides are reported for women than for men. Provided that if young caterpillars feed together and when older they feed alone, then some machines also behave as though they experience perceptions, we know that either decompression sickness is an illness or if compounds compose of carbon, then some colleges have night classes for people who work during the day. On the condition that china is the only country in the world where more suicides are reported for women than for men, it is definitely the case that either decompression sickness is an illness or if compounds compose of carbon, then some colleges have night classes for people who work during the day.
|
severe infestations can cause anemia.
|
Severe infestations can kill entire plants.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (Not [1].).
If [3], then (Not [1].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [4], then [5].), then (Either [2] or [3].).
If [4], then [5].
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC3-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or (If [7], then [8].). [SC1-3]
If [6], then (If [3], then (Not [1].).).
If (If [7], then [8].), then (If [3], then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If [3], then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [9], then [10].) or [11].
If (If [9], then [10].), then (Either [6] or (If [7], then [8].).).
If [11], then (Either [6] or (If [7], then [8].).).
Therefore, Either [6] or (If [7], then [8].)..
|
{0: 'Severe infestations can cause anemia.', 1: 'Some obesity has strong determinant.', 2: 'Northern fly squirrels have belly fur.', 3: 'Dark dip sauces make from vinegar.', 4: 'Capital cases are the costliest of criminal cases.', 5: 'Evolution has nothing to do with cosmology or the so-called creation of the universe.', 6: 'Decompression sickness is an illness.', 7: 'Compounds compose of carbon.', 8: 'Some colleges have night classes for people who work during the day.', 9: 'Young caterpillars feed together and when older they feed alone.', 10: 'Some machines also behave as though they experience perceptions.', 11: 'China is the only country in the world where more suicides are reported for women than for men.'}
| 5 |
4,052 |
['Should it be the case that graduate students play roles, it follows that either some flowers grow into berries or bicycles have (part) bicycle seats.', 'It is the case that graduate students play roles.', "So long as most chickens stand on legs, 'if some flowers grow into berries, then psychoanalysis is analysises' is true.", "The statement 'most chickens stand on legs' can be considered true.", "The statement that 'knittings are manufacturing' is incorrect.", 'Should it be the case that some fly squirrels use cavities, it follows that either knittings are manufacturing or if bicycles have (part) bicycle seats, then psychoanalysis is analysises.', 'It is true that some fly squirrels use cavities.']
|
Should it be the case that graduate students play roles, it follows that either some flowers grow into berries or bicycles have (part) bicycle seats. It is the case that graduate students play roles. So long as most chickens stand on legs, 'if some flowers grow into berries, then psychoanalysis is analysises' is true. The statement 'most chickens stand on legs' can be considered true. The statement that 'knittings are manufacturing' is incorrect. Should it be the case that some fly squirrels use cavities, it follows that either knittings are manufacturing or if bicycles have (part) bicycle seats, then psychoanalysis is analysises. It is true that some fly squirrels use cavities.
|
Many people rightly believe that psychoanalysis is analysises.
|
It is not the case that psychoanalysis is analysises.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [2], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (Either [1] or [2].).
[5]
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If [1], then [0].).
[4]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC3-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If [2], then [0].). [SC1-2]
Not [3].
Therefore, If [2], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (Either [3] or (If [2], then [0].).).
[6]
Therefore, Either [3] or (If [2], then [0].)..
|
{0: 'Psychoanalysis is analysises.', 1: 'Some flowers grow into berries.', 2: 'Bicycles have (part) bicycle seats.', 3: 'Knittings are manufacturing.', 4: 'Most chickens stand on legs.', 5: 'Graduate students play roles.', 6: 'Some fly squirrels use cavities.'}
| 5 |
4,440 |
['We know that at least one of two things is true: most sharks are located in water, or either computers play a very important role in statistical data analysis or nachos are tortilla chips with a spicy sauce eaten before a meal.', 'Should it be the case that the claim that if the statement that states crocodiles have quick reflexes is false, then the statement that states chandlers have (part) arms is false does not reflect reality, it follows that lions represent strength and courage.', 'One may reasonably assume that if the claim that if the statement that states crocodiles have quick reflexes is false, then the statement that states chandlers have (part) arms is false does not reflect reality, then the claim that lions represent strength and courage does not correspond with reality.', 'Assuming effective writing is fundamental to the practice of public relations, we know that if most sharks are located in water, then if the statement that states crocodiles have quick reflexes is false, then chandlers have (part) arms.', 'The idea that effective writing is fundamental to the practice of public relations is true.', 'Assuming either computers play a very important role in statistical data analysis or nachos are tortilla chips with a spicy sauce eaten before a meal, we know that growers generally desire to manage the night temperature so as to minimize excess respiration.', 'Should it be the case that growers generally desire to manage the night temperature so as to minimize excess respiration, it follows that if the statement that states crocodiles have quick reflexes is false, then chandlers have (part) arms.']
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: most sharks are located in water, or either computers play a very important role in statistical data analysis or nachos are tortilla chips with a spicy sauce eaten before a meal. Should it be the case that the claim that if the statement that states crocodiles have quick reflexes is false, then the statement that states chandlers have (part) arms is false does not reflect reality, it follows that lions represent strength and courage. One may reasonably assume that if the claim that if the statement that states crocodiles have quick reflexes is false, then the statement that states chandlers have (part) arms is false does not reflect reality, then the claim that lions represent strength and courage does not correspond with reality. Assuming effective writing is fundamental to the practice of public relations, we know that if most sharks are located in water, then if the statement that states crocodiles have quick reflexes is false, then chandlers have (part) arms. The idea that effective writing is fundamental to the practice of public relations is true. Assuming either computers play a very important role in statistical data analysis or nachos are tortilla chips with a spicy sauce eaten before a meal, we know that growers generally desire to manage the night temperature so as to minimize excess respiration. Should it be the case that growers generally desire to manage the night temperature so as to minimize excess respiration, it follows that if the statement that states crocodiles have quick reflexes is false, then chandlers have (part) arms.
|
Many people rightly believe that crocodiles have quick reflexes.
|
Most crocodiles live in temperate climates.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].).
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC2-2]
If (Either [3] or [4].), then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).
[6]
Therefore, If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC3-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Either [3] or [4].), then [7].
If [7], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
Therefore, If (Either [3] or [4].), then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then [5].
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Crocodiles have quick reflexes.', 1: 'Chandlers have (part) arms.', 2: 'Most sharks are located in water.', 3: 'Computers play a very important role in statistical data analysis.', 4: 'Nachos are tortilla chips with a spicy sauce eaten before a meal.', 5: 'Lions represent strength and courage.', 6: 'Effective writing is fundamental to the practice of public relations.', 7: 'Growers generally desire to manage the night temperature so as to minimize excess respiration.'}
| 5 |
4,124 |
['If some people mistakenly believe that if either most plants get much nourishment or toxins cause symptoms, then gorillas are peaceful animals that live in family groups called troops , then most men wear brief underwears.', 'Provided that the claim that either most plants get much nourishment or toxins cause symptoms does not correspond with reality, we know that unjust enrichment is an equitable as opposed to a legal concept.', 'If the claim that either most plants get much nourishment or toxins cause symptoms does not correspond with reality, then the claim that unjust enrichment is an equitable as opposed to a legal concept has no merit.', 'On the condition that most men wear brief underwears, it is definitely the case that the claim that sharks do have to deal with a slight influx of salt, which is excreted by a rectal gland does not correspond with reality.', "Whenever it is true that some coelenterons are part of jellyfish, 'if most men wear brief underwears, then sharks do have to deal with a slight influx of salt, which is excreted by a rectal gland' is true.", 'Many people rightly believe that some coelenterons are part of jellyfish.']
|
If some people mistakenly believe that if either most plants get much nourishment or toxins cause symptoms, then gorillas are peaceful animals that live in family groups called troops , then most men wear brief underwears. Provided that the claim that either most plants get much nourishment or toxins cause symptoms does not correspond with reality, we know that unjust enrichment is an equitable as opposed to a legal concept. If the claim that either most plants get much nourishment or toxins cause symptoms does not correspond with reality, then the claim that unjust enrichment is an equitable as opposed to a legal concept has no merit. On the condition that most men wear brief underwears, it is definitely the case that the claim that sharks do have to deal with a slight influx of salt, which is excreted by a rectal gland does not correspond with reality. Whenever it is true that some coelenterons are part of jellyfish, 'if most men wear brief underwears, then sharks do have to deal with a slight influx of salt, which is excreted by a rectal gland' is true. Many people rightly believe that some coelenterons are part of jellyfish.
|
gorillas are peaceful animals that live in family groups called troops .
|
Gorillas are peaceful animals that live in family groups called troops .
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0]. [SC1-1]
Either [1] or [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].).), then [3].
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [3], then [5]. [SC1-3]
If [3], then (Not [5].).
Therefore, Not [3]..
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If [3], then [5].).
[6]
Therefore, If [3], then [5]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then [4].
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
|
{0: 'Gorillas are peaceful animals that live in family groups called troops .', 1: 'Most plants get much nourishment.', 2: 'Toxins cause symptoms.', 3: 'Most men wear brief underwears.', 4: 'Unjust enrichment is an equitable as opposed to a legal concept.', 5: 'Sharks do have to deal with a slight influx of salt, which is excreted by a rectal gland.', 6: 'Some coelenterons are part of jellyfish.'}
| 5 |
4,650 |
["Once we know the notion that 'either thermal energy is only measurable as heat, during heat transfer or either snout isa nose or many streams have spring and fall runs' is untrue, we also know that some thoraxes are part of pollinators.", "One may reasonably assume that if the notion that 'either thermal energy is only measurable as heat, during heat transfer or either snout isa nose or many streams have spring and fall runs' is untrue, then the claim that some thoraxes are part of pollinators has no merit.", 'Should it be the case that thermal energy is only measurable as heat, during heat transfer, it follows that most large cities have branches of the public library that specialize in providing job information.', 'Should it be the case that most large cities have branches of the public library that specialize in providing job information, it follows that either marshes usually have different bands of vegetation creating high and low zones within the marsh or stalls have (part) doorways.', "Whenever it is true that some people mistakenly believe that if either snout isa nose or many streams have spring and fall runs, then either marshes usually have different bands of vegetation creating high and low zones within the marsh or stalls have (part) doorways, 'the statement 'either exposure is a form of protection or cognition isa entity' can be considered false' is true.", "Whenever it is true that if granite contains mineral crystals called zircons , which often contain radioactive elements, then metamorphic rocks come from all types of rock, igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, 'if some people mistakenly believe that if either snout isa nose or many streams have spring and fall runs, then either marshes usually have different bands of vegetation creating high and low zones within the marsh or stalls have (part) doorways, then either exposure is a form of protection or cognition isa entity' is true.", 'Assuming granite contains mineral crystals called zircons , which often contain radioactive elements, we know that metamorphic rocks come from all types of rock, igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.']
|
Once we know the notion that 'either thermal energy is only measurable as heat, during heat transfer or either snout isa nose or many streams have spring and fall runs' is untrue, we also know that some thoraxes are part of pollinators. One may reasonably assume that if the notion that 'either thermal energy is only measurable as heat, during heat transfer or either snout isa nose or many streams have spring and fall runs' is untrue, then the claim that some thoraxes are part of pollinators has no merit. Should it be the case that thermal energy is only measurable as heat, during heat transfer, it follows that most large cities have branches of the public library that specialize in providing job information. Should it be the case that most large cities have branches of the public library that specialize in providing job information, it follows that either marshes usually have different bands of vegetation creating high and low zones within the marsh or stalls have (part) doorways. Whenever it is true that some people mistakenly believe that if either snout isa nose or many streams have spring and fall runs, then either marshes usually have different bands of vegetation creating high and low zones within the marsh or stalls have (part) doorways, 'the statement 'either exposure is a form of protection or cognition isa entity' can be considered false' is true. Whenever it is true that if granite contains mineral crystals called zircons , which often contain radioactive elements, then metamorphic rocks come from all types of rock, igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, 'if some people mistakenly believe that if either snout isa nose or many streams have spring and fall runs, then either marshes usually have different bands of vegetation creating high and low zones within the marsh or stalls have (part) doorways, then either exposure is a form of protection or cognition isa entity' is true. Assuming granite contains mineral crystals called zircons , which often contain radioactive elements, we know that metamorphic rocks come from all types of rock, igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.
|
Either one or both of these statements are true: marshes usually have different bands of vegetation creating high and low zones within the marsh, or stalls have (part) doorways.
|
Either one or both of these statements are true: marshes usually have different bands of vegetation creating high and low zones within the marsh, or stalls have (part) doorways.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].). [SC1-1]
If [2], then (Either [0] or [1].). [SC2-1]
If (Either [3] or [4].), then (Either [0] or [1].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].).).), then [8].
If (Not (Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].).).), then (Not [8].).
Therefore, Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].)..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [5].
If [5], then (Either [0] or [1].).
Therefore, If [2], then (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC3-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Either [3] or [4].), then (Either [0] or [1].).).), then (Either [6] or [7].). [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Either [3] or [4].), then (Either [0] or [1].).).), then (Not (Either [6] or [7].).).
Therefore, If (Either [3] or [4].), then (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [9], then [10].), then (If (Not (If (Either [3] or [4].), then (Either [0] or [1].).).), then (Either [6] or [7].).).
If [9], then [10].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Either [3] or [4].), then (Either [0] or [1].).).), then (Either [6] or [7].)..
|
{0: 'Marshes usually have different bands of vegetation creating high and low zones within the marsh.', 1: 'Stalls have (part) doorways.', 2: 'Thermal energy is only measurable as heat, during heat transfer.', 3: 'Snout isa nose.', 4: 'Many streams have spring and fall runs.', 5: 'Most large cities have branches of the public library that specialize in providing job information.', 6: 'Exposure is a form of protection.', 7: 'Cognition isa entity.', 8: 'Some thoraxes are part of pollinators.', 9: 'Granite contains mineral crystals called zircons , which often contain radioactive elements.', 10: 'Metamorphic rocks come from all types of rock, igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.'}
| 5 |
4,409 |
["It is a simple truth that agriculture is the back bone of Pakistan's economy.", 'At least one of two things is true: if drosophila females are capable of storing sperm and using it to fertilize eggs long after mating, then process colors involve mixing cyan, magenta, yellow, and black to recreate the colors of a photo, or amateurs have (part) personality.', 'One may reasonably assume that if if drosophila females are capable of storing sperm and using it to fertilize eggs long after mating, then process colors involve mixing cyan, magenta, yellow, and black to recreate the colors of a photo, then the statement, asbestos fibers can remain in the air for long periods of time because they are so light and small, does not hold.', 'On the condition that amateurs have (part) personality, it is definitely the case that the statement, asbestos fibers can remain in the air for long periods of time because they are so light and small, does not hold.', 'The claim that if most waste produces during metabolism, then most turtles feed on diets has no merit.', "So long as if meteors are the debris left in the wake of a passing comet, then resistance occurs when the virus is no longer sensitive to the treatment, 'either if most waste produces during metabolism, then most turtles feed on diets or if agriculture is the back bone of Pakistan's economy, then either asbestos fibers can remain in the air for long periods of time because they are so light and small or it is not true that oil is expressed from seeds' is true.", 'One may reasonably assume that if meteors are the debris left in the wake of a passing comet, then resistance occurs when the virus is no longer sensitive to the treatment.']
|
It is a simple truth that agriculture is the back bone of Pakistan's economy. At least one of two things is true: if drosophila females are capable of storing sperm and using it to fertilize eggs long after mating, then process colors involve mixing cyan, magenta, yellow, and black to recreate the colors of a photo, or amateurs have (part) personality. One may reasonably assume that if if drosophila females are capable of storing sperm and using it to fertilize eggs long after mating, then process colors involve mixing cyan, magenta, yellow, and black to recreate the colors of a photo, then the statement, asbestos fibers can remain in the air for long periods of time because they are so light and small, does not hold. On the condition that amateurs have (part) personality, it is definitely the case that the statement, asbestos fibers can remain in the air for long periods of time because they are so light and small, does not hold. The claim that if most waste produces during metabolism, then most turtles feed on diets has no merit. So long as if meteors are the debris left in the wake of a passing comet, then resistance occurs when the virus is no longer sensitive to the treatment, 'either if most waste produces during metabolism, then most turtles feed on diets or if agriculture is the back bone of Pakistan's economy, then either asbestos fibers can remain in the air for long periods of time because they are so light and small or it is not true that oil is expressed from seeds' is true. One may reasonably assume that if meteors are the debris left in the wake of a passing comet, then resistance occurs when the virus is no longer sensitive to the treatment.
|
It is not true that oil is expressed from seeds.
|
The statement, most oil contains lipids, does not hold.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (Either [1] or (Not [0].).). [SC1-2]
[2]
Therefore, Either [1] or (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [6], then [7].) or (If [2], then (Either [1] or (Not [0].).).). [SC1-3]
Not (If [6], then [7].).
Therefore, If [2], then (Either [1] or (Not [0].).)..
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [8], then [9].), then (Either (If [6], then [7].) or (If [2], then (Either [1] or (Not [0].).).).).
If [8], then [9].
Therefore, Either (If [6], then [7].) or (If [2], then (Either [1] or (Not [0].).).)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [3], then [4].) or [5].
If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not [1].).
If [5], then (Not [1].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Oil is expressed from seeds.', 1: 'Asbestos fibers can remain in the air for long periods of time because they are so light and small.', 2: "Agriculture is the back bone of Pakistan's economy.", 3: 'Drosophila females are capable of storing sperm and using it to fertilize eggs long after mating.', 4: 'Process colors involve mixing cyan, magenta, yellow, and black to recreate the colors of a photo.', 5: 'Amateurs have (part) personality.', 6: 'Most waste produces during metabolism.', 7: 'Most turtles feed on diets.', 8: 'Meteors are the debris left in the wake of a passing comet.', 9: 'Resistance occurs when the virus is no longer sensitive to the treatment.'}
| 5 |
4,752 |
["The notion that 'male circumcision is performed on boys just a few days old' is untrue.", "Assuming the statement 'if the claim that if we know that the claim that veneers are used to treat some of the same problems as bonding is false, then male circumcision is performed on boys just a few days old does not correspond with reality, then either plain water contains minerals or large crowns are less efficient at producing stemwood than are small crowns' can be considered false, we know that oysters can grow very well in cold water if there is abundant, high-quality plankton.", 'The statement that states oysters can grow very well in cold water if there is abundant, high-quality plankton is false.', 'When either plain water contains minerals or large crowns are less efficient at producing stemwood than are small crowns is true, it follows that the claim that dill seeds have flavor has no merit.', 'Provided that it is not true that if either plain water contains minerals or large crowns are less efficient at producing stemwood than are small crowns, then dill seeds have flavor, we know that air flows in and out of the lungs due to air pressure differences inside and outside of the lungs.', "The notion that 'air flows in and out of the lungs due to air pressure differences inside and outside of the lungs' is untrue."]
|
The notion that 'male circumcision is performed on boys just a few days old' is untrue. Assuming the statement 'if the claim that if we know that the claim that veneers are used to treat some of the same problems as bonding is false, then male circumcision is performed on boys just a few days old does not correspond with reality, then either plain water contains minerals or large crowns are less efficient at producing stemwood than are small crowns' can be considered false, we know that oysters can grow very well in cold water if there is abundant, high-quality plankton. The statement that states oysters can grow very well in cold water if there is abundant, high-quality plankton is false. When either plain water contains minerals or large crowns are less efficient at producing stemwood than are small crowns is true, it follows that the claim that dill seeds have flavor has no merit. Provided that it is not true that if either plain water contains minerals or large crowns are less efficient at producing stemwood than are small crowns, then dill seeds have flavor, we know that air flows in and out of the lungs due to air pressure differences inside and outside of the lungs. The notion that 'air flows in and out of the lungs due to air pressure differences inside and outside of the lungs' is untrue.
|
It is true that veneers are used to treat some of the same problems as bonding.
|
It is true that veneers are used to treat some of the same problems as bonding.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC1-2]
Not (Either [2] or [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Either [2] or [3].), then [5]. [SC1-3]
If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, Not (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC1-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [5].).), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, If (Either [2] or [3].), then [5]..
|
{0: 'Veneers are used to treat some of the same problems as bonding.', 1: 'Male circumcision is performed on boys just a few days old.', 2: 'Plain water contains minerals.', 3: 'Large crowns are less efficient at producing stemwood than are small crowns.', 4: 'Oysters can grow very well in cold water if there is abundant, high-quality plankton.', 5: 'Dill seeds have flavor.', 6: 'Air flows in and out of the lungs due to air pressure differences inside and outside of the lungs.'}
| 5 |
4,952 |
['Should it be the case that most seedless plants have roots, it follows that either horsebacks have (part) corpi or cardiac muscle contains a great many mitochondria.', 'Assuming it is a common misconception that if some people mistakenly believe that most seedless plants have roots, then bravery is the capacity to perform properly even when scared half to death, we know that if psychology also plays a huge role in the wireless future, then mangroves are the common name for three species of trees and shrubs found along warm water coasts.', 'It is rational to believe that either prostate cancer is second only to lung cancer as the leading cause of cancer death among men or the claim that bravery is the capacity to perform properly even when scared half to death does not reflect reality.', 'Those that suggest prostate cancer is second only to lung cancer as the leading cause of cancer death among men are wrong.', "So long as we know that the claim that if it is a common misconception that if some people mistakenly believe that most seedless plants have roots, then bravery is the capacity to perform properly even when scared half to death, then we know that the claim that if psychology also plays a huge role in the wireless future, then mangroves are the common name for three species of trees and shrubs found along warm water coasts is false is false, 'heart attacks can strike at any time of day, during any type of activity' is true.", "The statement that 'heart attacks can strike at any time of day, during any type of activity' is incorrect."]
|
Should it be the case that most seedless plants have roots, it follows that either horsebacks have (part) corpi or cardiac muscle contains a great many mitochondria. Assuming it is a common misconception that if some people mistakenly believe that most seedless plants have roots, then bravery is the capacity to perform properly even when scared half to death, we know that if psychology also plays a huge role in the wireless future, then mangroves are the common name for three species of trees and shrubs found along warm water coasts. It is rational to believe that either prostate cancer is second only to lung cancer as the leading cause of cancer death among men or the claim that bravery is the capacity to perform properly even when scared half to death does not reflect reality. Those that suggest prostate cancer is second only to lung cancer as the leading cause of cancer death among men are wrong. So long as we know that the claim that if it is a common misconception that if some people mistakenly believe that most seedless plants have roots, then bravery is the capacity to perform properly even when scared half to death, then we know that the claim that if psychology also plays a huge role in the wireless future, then mangroves are the common name for three species of trees and shrubs found along warm water coasts is false is false, 'heart attacks can strike at any time of day, during any type of activity' is true. The statement that 'heart attacks can strike at any time of day, during any type of activity' is incorrect.
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: horsebacks have (part) corpi, or cardiac muscle contains a great many mitochondria.
|
We know that either horsebacks are body parts or cardiac muscle forms the majority of the heart, and pumps blood through the heart chambers.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (Either [0] or [1].).
[2] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [2].), then [3]. [SC1-2]
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, [2].
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [2].), then [3].).), then (If [4], then [5].).
If (Not (If (Not [2].), then [3].).), then (Not (If [4], then [5].).). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not [2].), then [3]..
[SC2-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [2].), then [3].).), then (Not (If [4], then [5].).).).), then [7].
Not [7].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [2].), then [3].).), then (Not (If [4], then [5].).)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (Not [3].).
Not [6].
Therefore, Not [3]..
|
{0: 'Horsebacks have (part) corpi.', 1: 'Cardiac muscle contains a great many mitochondria.', 2: 'Most seedless plants have roots.', 3: 'Bravery is the capacity to perform properly even when scared half to death.', 4: 'Psychology also plays a huge role in the wireless future.', 5: 'Mangroves are the common name for three species of trees and shrubs found along warm water coasts.', 6: 'Prostate cancer is second only to lung cancer as the leading cause of cancer death among men.', 7: 'Heart attacks can strike at any time of day, during any type of activity.'}
| 5 |
4,477 |
['The claim that behavior reveals certain patterns does not correspond with reality.', 'It is rational to believe that either every hair is at a different stage of the growth cycle or aquifers can take thousands of years to recharge.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: mold is more than simply a smelly and unsightly stain on walls, ceilings and other surfaces, or if every hair is at a different stage of the growth cycle, then behavior reveals certain patterns.', 'It is a common misconception that mold is more than simply a smelly and unsightly stain on walls, ceilings and other surfaces.', 'When it is a common misconception that if aquifers can take thousands of years to recharge, then cocaine can kill instantly by restricting the flow of blood to the brain and heart is true, it follows that either hexavalent chromium is a potent carcinogen or crystalline silica is considered a hazard by inhalation.', 'There is good reason to believe that either breast milk is easier to digest than prepared formulas or if it is a common misconception that if aquifers can take thousands of years to recharge, then cocaine can kill instantly by restricting the flow of blood to the brain and heart, then it is not the case that either hexavalent chromium is a potent carcinogen or crystalline silica is considered a hazard by inhalation.', "The statement 'breast milk is easier to digest than prepared formulas' can be considered false."]
|
The claim that behavior reveals certain patterns does not correspond with reality. It is rational to believe that either every hair is at a different stage of the growth cycle or aquifers can take thousands of years to recharge. Either one or both of these statements are true: mold is more than simply a smelly and unsightly stain on walls, ceilings and other surfaces, or if every hair is at a different stage of the growth cycle, then behavior reveals certain patterns. It is a common misconception that mold is more than simply a smelly and unsightly stain on walls, ceilings and other surfaces. When it is a common misconception that if aquifers can take thousands of years to recharge, then cocaine can kill instantly by restricting the flow of blood to the brain and heart is true, it follows that either hexavalent chromium is a potent carcinogen or crystalline silica is considered a hazard by inhalation. There is good reason to believe that either breast milk is easier to digest than prepared formulas or if it is a common misconception that if aquifers can take thousands of years to recharge, then cocaine can kill instantly by restricting the flow of blood to the brain and heart, then it is not the case that either hexavalent chromium is a potent carcinogen or crystalline silica is considered a hazard by inhalation. The statement 'breast milk is easier to digest than prepared formulas' can be considered false.
|
It is the case that cocaine can kill instantly by restricting the flow of blood to the brain and heart.
|
It is the case that cocaine can kill instantly by restricting the flow of blood to the brain and heart.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then [1]. [SC2-2]
If [3], then [0]. [SC3-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If [2], then [1].).
Not [4].
Therefore, If [2], then [1]..
[SC3-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [3], then [0].).), then (Either [5] or [6].).
If (Not (If [3], then [0].).), then (Not (Either [5] or [6].).). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [3], then [0]..
[SC2-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [7] or (If (Not (If [3], then [0].).), then (Not (Either [5] or [6].).).).
Not [7].
Therefore, If (Not (If [3], then [0].).), then (Not (Either [5] or [6].).)..
|
{0: 'Cocaine can kill instantly by restricting the flow of blood to the brain and heart.', 1: 'Behavior reveals certain patterns.', 2: 'Every hair is at a different stage of the growth cycle.', 3: 'Aquifers can take thousands of years to recharge.', 4: 'Mold is more than simply a smelly and unsightly stain on walls, ceilings and other surfaces.', 5: 'Hexavalent chromium is a potent carcinogen.', 6: 'Crystalline silica is considered a hazard by inhalation.', 7: 'Breast milk is easier to digest than prepared formulas.'}
| 5 |
4,118 |
['When the claim that if nursing is viewed as a practice discipline encompassing both art and science, then some lynxes live in dens is false is true, it follows that frogs are green and they jump.', 'Assuming tibetan Mastiffs make excellent watchdogs and protectors, but tend to bark frequently, we know that if the statement, if the claim that if nursing is viewed as a practice discipline encompassing both art and science, then some lynxes live in dens is false, then it is not true that frogs are green and they jump, does not hold, then if radioactive elements decay via first-order kinetics, then bond funds invest only in debt instruments, usually either corporate bonds or government bonds.', "The statement 'tibetan Mastiffs make excellent watchdogs and protectors, but tend to bark frequently' is true.", 'Those that suggest some people have asthma are wrong.', 'It is rational to believe that either interstate transmission is regulated by the federal government or social skills are so important for any person to have to succeed in life.', 'When interstate transmission is regulated by the federal government is true, it follows that some people have asthma.', "Should it be the case that social skills are so important for any person to have to succeed in life, it follows that the statement 'if radioactive elements decay via first-order kinetics, then bond funds invest only in debt instruments, usually either corporate bonds or government bonds' can be considered false."]
|
When the claim that if nursing is viewed as a practice discipline encompassing both art and science, then some lynxes live in dens is false is true, it follows that frogs are green and they jump. Assuming tibetan Mastiffs make excellent watchdogs and protectors, but tend to bark frequently, we know that if the statement, if the claim that if nursing is viewed as a practice discipline encompassing both art and science, then some lynxes live in dens is false, then it is not true that frogs are green and they jump, does not hold, then if radioactive elements decay via first-order kinetics, then bond funds invest only in debt instruments, usually either corporate bonds or government bonds. The statement 'tibetan Mastiffs make excellent watchdogs and protectors, but tend to bark frequently' is true. Those that suggest some people have asthma are wrong. It is rational to believe that either interstate transmission is regulated by the federal government or social skills are so important for any person to have to succeed in life. When interstate transmission is regulated by the federal government is true, it follows that some people have asthma. Should it be the case that social skills are so important for any person to have to succeed in life, it follows that the statement 'if radioactive elements decay via first-order kinetics, then bond funds invest only in debt instruments, usually either corporate bonds or government bonds' can be considered false.
|
Provided that nursing is viewed as a practice discipline encompassing both art and science, we know that some lynxes live in dens
|
We know that the claim that if nursing is viewed as a practice discipline encompassing both art and science, then some lynxes live in dens is false.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [2].
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not [2].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not [2].).).), then (If [3], then [4].). [SC1-2]
Not (If [3], then [4].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not [2].).).), then (If [3], then [4].).).
[6]
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not [2].).).), then (If [3], then [4].)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (Not (If [3], then [4].).). [SC1-3]
Not [5].
Therefore, Not (If [3], then [4].)..
[SC1-3]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [7] or [8].
If [7], then [5].
If [8], then (Not (If [3], then [4].).).
Therefore, Either [5] or (Not (If [3], then [4].).)..
|
{0: 'Nursing is viewed as a practice discipline encompassing both art and science.', 1: 'Some lynxes live in dens.', 2: 'Frogs are green and they jump.', 3: 'Radioactive elements decay via first-order kinetics.', 4: 'Bond funds invest only in debt instruments, usually either corporate bonds or government bonds.', 5: 'Some people have asthma.', 6: 'Tibetan Mastiffs make excellent watchdogs and protectors, but tend to bark frequently.', 7: 'Interstate transmission is regulated by the federal government.', 8: 'Social skills are so important for any person to have to succeed in life.'}
| 5 |
4,012 |
["Assuming the statement, religion is the flesh's attempt to solve man's problems, does not hold, we know that most pigment reflects light.", 'Provided that most pigment reflects light, we know that some parks have lilac bushes.', 'One may reasonably assume that if if success is a reflection of intelligence and drive and effectiveness, then light is the source of everything, then either most absolute humidity depends on current air temperature or the claim that some parks have lilac bushes does not reflect reality.', 'Provided that success is a reflection of intelligence and drive and effectiveness, we know that light is the source of everything.', 'Given that mussels live in water, it can be inferred that the claim that most absolute humidity depends on current air temperature does not reflect reality.', 'The idea that mussels live in water is true.']
|
Assuming the statement, religion is the flesh's attempt to solve man's problems, does not hold, we know that most pigment reflects light. Provided that most pigment reflects light, we know that some parks have lilac bushes. One may reasonably assume that if if success is a reflection of intelligence and drive and effectiveness, then light is the source of everything, then either most absolute humidity depends on current air temperature or the claim that some parks have lilac bushes does not reflect reality. Provided that success is a reflection of intelligence and drive and effectiveness, we know that light is the source of everything. Given that mussels live in water, it can be inferred that the claim that most absolute humidity depends on current air temperature does not reflect reality. The idea that mussels live in water is true.
|
The claim that religion is the flesh's attempt to solve man's problems holds true.
|
Religion is an important part of life in the Bahamas, they have a lot of churches.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then [2].
If [2], then [1].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [4], then [5].), then (Either [3] or (Not [1].).).
If [4], then [5].
Therefore, Either [3] or (Not [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (Not [3].).
[6]
Therefore, Not [3]..
|
{0: "Religion is the flesh's attempt to solve man's problems.", 1: 'Some parks have lilac bushes.', 2: 'Most pigment reflects light.', 3: 'Most absolute humidity depends on current air temperature.', 4: 'Success is a reflection of intelligence and drive and effectiveness.', 5: 'Light is the source of everything.', 6: 'Mussels live in water.'}
| 5 |
4,157 |
['Should it be the case that sandy soils dry out faster and warm up quicker in the spring, it follows that if pitch is how humans hear different frequencies , then earthquakes can also trigger landslides and generate huge ocean waves called tsunamis.', 'It is true that sandy soils dry out faster and warm up quicker in the spring.', 'It is rational to believe that either wild boars can be destructive or some springboks have pouches.', 'On the condition that those that suggest if wild boars can be destructive, then some people mistakenly believe that earthquakes can also trigger landslides and generate huge ocean waves called tsunamis are wrong, it is definitely the case that if color is the deeds and sufferings of light, then a facade is a front.', 'It is a common misconception that if color is the deeds and sufferings of light, then a facade is a front.', "Provided that the statement 'if some springboks have pouches, then some people mistakenly believe that earthquakes can also trigger landslides and generate huge ocean waves called tsunamis' can be considered false, we know that anxiety is a mixture of physical and mental symptoms.", "Should it be the case that the statement 'if some springboks have pouches, then some people mistakenly believe that earthquakes can also trigger landslides and generate huge ocean waves called tsunamis' can be considered false, it follows that the statement that states anxiety is a mixture of physical and mental symptoms is false."]
|
Should it be the case that sandy soils dry out faster and warm up quicker in the spring, it follows that if pitch is how humans hear different frequencies , then earthquakes can also trigger landslides and generate huge ocean waves called tsunamis. It is true that sandy soils dry out faster and warm up quicker in the spring. It is rational to believe that either wild boars can be destructive or some springboks have pouches. On the condition that those that suggest if wild boars can be destructive, then some people mistakenly believe that earthquakes can also trigger landslides and generate huge ocean waves called tsunamis are wrong, it is definitely the case that if color is the deeds and sufferings of light, then a facade is a front. It is a common misconception that if color is the deeds and sufferings of light, then a facade is a front. Provided that the statement 'if some springboks have pouches, then some people mistakenly believe that earthquakes can also trigger landslides and generate huge ocean waves called tsunamis' can be considered false, we know that anxiety is a mixture of physical and mental symptoms. Should it be the case that the statement 'if some springboks have pouches, then some people mistakenly believe that earthquakes can also trigger landslides and generate huge ocean waves called tsunamis' can be considered false, it follows that the statement that states anxiety is a mixture of physical and mental symptoms is false.
|
Those that suggest pitch is how humans hear different frequencies are wrong.
|
We can assume that pitch is how humans hear different frequencies .
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If [0], then [1].).
[4]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (Not [1].). [SC2-2]
If [3], then (Not [1].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then (Not [1].).).), then (If [5], then [6].).
Not (If [5], then [6].).
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [1].)..
[SC3-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [3], then (Not [1].).).), then [7].
If (Not (If [3], then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [7].).
Therefore, If [3], then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Pitch is how humans hear different frequencies .', 1: 'Earthquakes can also trigger landslides and generate huge ocean waves called tsunamis.', 2: 'Wild boars can be destructive.', 3: 'Some springboks have pouches.', 4: 'Sandy soils dry out faster and warm up quicker in the spring.', 5: 'Color is the deeds and sufferings of light.', 6: 'A facade is a front.', 7: 'Anxiety is a mixture of physical and mental symptoms.'}
| 5 |
4,337 |
['Should it be the case that it is not the case that toddlers are extremely curious as they explore their environment, it follows that it is not true that either chiggers spend most of their lives in cracks in the soil or indexes are lists of journal article titles and their authors.', "The statement that 'libertarians often encounter the common belief that all radical political groups are violent' is incorrect.", "Whenever it is true that it is not the case that if it is a common misconception that if it is not the case that toddlers are extremely curious as they explore their environment, then either chiggers spend most of their lives in cracks in the soil or indexes are lists of journal article titles and their authors, then the claim that most children use computers is false, 'if enzymes are substances in food which form the catalyst for most bodily processes, then children differ in their physical, social and intellectual development' is true.", 'Should it be the case that it is not the case that if it is a common misconception that if it is not the case that toddlers are extremely curious as they explore their environment, then either chiggers spend most of their lives in cracks in the soil or indexes are lists of journal article titles and their authors, then the claim that most children use computers is false, it follows that it is a common misconception that if enzymes are substances in food which form the catalyst for most bodily processes, then children differ in their physical, social and intellectual development.', 'It is rational to believe that either a surround is a geographical area or a singularity is individualism.', 'One may reasonably assume that if a surround is a geographical area, then either libertarians often encounter the common belief that all radical political groups are violent or if it is a common misconception that if it is not the case that toddlers are extremely curious as they explore their environment, then either chiggers spend most of their lives in cracks in the soil or indexes are lists of journal article titles and their authors, then most children use computers.', 'Should it be the case that a singularity is individualism, it follows that either libertarians often encounter the common belief that all radical political groups are violent or if it is a common misconception that if it is not the case that toddlers are extremely curious as they explore their environment, then either chiggers spend most of their lives in cracks in the soil or indexes are lists of journal article titles and their authors, then most children use computers.']
|
Should it be the case that it is not the case that toddlers are extremely curious as they explore their environment, it follows that it is not true that either chiggers spend most of their lives in cracks in the soil or indexes are lists of journal article titles and their authors. The statement that 'libertarians often encounter the common belief that all radical political groups are violent' is incorrect. Whenever it is true that it is not the case that if it is a common misconception that if it is not the case that toddlers are extremely curious as they explore their environment, then either chiggers spend most of their lives in cracks in the soil or indexes are lists of journal article titles and their authors, then the claim that most children use computers is false, 'if enzymes are substances in food which form the catalyst for most bodily processes, then children differ in their physical, social and intellectual development' is true. Should it be the case that it is not the case that if it is a common misconception that if it is not the case that toddlers are extremely curious as they explore their environment, then either chiggers spend most of their lives in cracks in the soil or indexes are lists of journal article titles and their authors, then the claim that most children use computers is false, it follows that it is a common misconception that if enzymes are substances in food which form the catalyst for most bodily processes, then children differ in their physical, social and intellectual development. It is rational to believe that either a surround is a geographical area or a singularity is individualism. One may reasonably assume that if a surround is a geographical area, then either libertarians often encounter the common belief that all radical political groups are violent or if it is a common misconception that if it is not the case that toddlers are extremely curious as they explore their environment, then either chiggers spend most of their lives in cracks in the soil or indexes are lists of journal article titles and their authors, then most children use computers. Should it be the case that a singularity is individualism, it follows that either libertarians often encounter the common belief that all radical political groups are violent or if it is a common misconception that if it is not the case that toddlers are extremely curious as they explore their environment, then either chiggers spend most of their lives in cracks in the soil or indexes are lists of journal article titles and their authors, then most children use computers.
|
It is true that toddlers are extremely curious as they explore their environment.
|
The statement, toddlers are extremely curious as they explore their environment, does not hold.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].). [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then (Not [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then [3].). [SC1-3]
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then [3]..
[SC1-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [7] or [8].
If [7], then (Either [4] or (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then [3].).).
If [8], then (Either [4] or (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then [3].).).
Therefore, Either [4] or (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then [3].)..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then (Not [3].).).), then (If [5], then [6].).
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then (Not [3].).).), then (Not (If [5], then [6].).).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then (Not [3].)..
|
{0: 'Toddlers are extremely curious as they explore their environment.', 1: 'Chiggers spend most of their lives in cracks in the soil.', 2: 'Indexes are lists of journal article titles and their authors.', 3: 'Most children use computers.', 4: 'Libertarians often encounter the common belief that all radical political groups are violent.', 5: 'Enzymes are substances in food which form the catalyst for most bodily processes.', 6: 'Children differ in their physical, social and intellectual development.', 7: 'A surround is a geographical area.', 8: 'A singularity is individualism.'}
| 5 |
4,127 |
['Should it be the case that if most neurological damage includes deterioration, then tyrosine appears to have a mild stimulatory effect on the central nervous system, it follows that if it is a common misconception that most landscapes attract adult mosquitoes, then organisms reproduce to perpetuate the species.', 'If most neurological damage includes deterioration, then tyrosine appears to have a mild stimulatory effect on the central nervous system.', 'When organisms reproduce to perpetuate the species is true, it follows that enzymes play a critical role in the process of digestion.', 'It is not the case that jugglers often call the objects they juggle as props.', "Either one or both of these statements are true: statistical methods reveal how many genes control variation in a trait, or either jugglers often call the objects they juggle as props or if organisms reproduce to perpetuate the species, then the notion that 'enzymes play a critical role in the process of digestion' is untrue.", 'The statement that states statistical methods reveal how many genes control variation in a trait is false.']
|
Should it be the case that if most neurological damage includes deterioration, then tyrosine appears to have a mild stimulatory effect on the central nervous system, it follows that if it is a common misconception that most landscapes attract adult mosquitoes, then organisms reproduce to perpetuate the species. If most neurological damage includes deterioration, then tyrosine appears to have a mild stimulatory effect on the central nervous system. When organisms reproduce to perpetuate the species is true, it follows that enzymes play a critical role in the process of digestion. It is not the case that jugglers often call the objects they juggle as props. Either one or both of these statements are true: statistical methods reveal how many genes control variation in a trait, or either jugglers often call the objects they juggle as props or if organisms reproduce to perpetuate the species, then the notion that 'enzymes play a critical role in the process of digestion' is untrue. The statement that states statistical methods reveal how many genes control variation in a trait is false.
|
We can assume that most landscapes attract adult mosquitoes.
|
The claim that most landscapes attract adult mosquitoes does not reflect reality.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [2], then [3].), then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
If [2], then [3].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [1], then [4].
If [1], then (Not [4].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (If [1], then (Not [4].).). [SC1-3]
Not [5].
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [4].)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (Either [5] or (If [1], then (Not [4].).).).
Not [6].
Therefore, Either [5] or (If [1], then (Not [4].).)..
|
{0: 'Most landscapes attract adult mosquitoes.', 1: 'Organisms reproduce to perpetuate the species.', 2: 'Most neurological damage includes deterioration.', 3: 'Tyrosine appears to have a mild stimulatory effect on the central nervous system.', 4: 'Enzymes play a critical role in the process of digestion.', 5: 'Jugglers often call the objects they juggle as props.', 6: 'Statistical methods reveal how many genes control variation in a trait.'}
| 5 |
4,046 |
['Some people mistakenly believe that animals are chemoheterotrophs.', 'On the condition that some salamanders have unusual reproductive strategies, it is definitely the case that either collocations describe words that tend to be used together in a language or some women report that every time they write or speak their name, they feel empowered.', 'some salamanders have unusual reproductive strategies.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: inaction is states, or some hawk owls kill martens.', 'Should it be the case that inaction is states, it follows that if collocations describe words that tend to be used together in a language, then either animals are chemoheterotrophs or fractionation ensures that less damage is done to normal cells than to cancer cells.', 'Given that some hawk owls kill martens, it can be inferred that if collocations describe words that tend to be used together in a language, then either animals are chemoheterotrophs or fractionation ensures that less damage is done to normal cells than to cancer cells.', "Given that the statement that 'if some women report that every time they write or speak their name, they feel empowered, then either animals are chemoheterotrophs or fractionation ensures that less damage is done to normal cells than to cancer cells' is incorrect, it can be inferred that if tolerance also enriches a child's understanding of the world and encourages exploring it, then detergents contain comparatively large molecules.", "The claim that if tolerance also enriches a child's understanding of the world and encourages exploring it, then detergents contain comparatively large molecules does not correspond with reality."]
|
Some people mistakenly believe that animals are chemoheterotrophs. On the condition that some salamanders have unusual reproductive strategies, it is definitely the case that either collocations describe words that tend to be used together in a language or some women report that every time they write or speak their name, they feel empowered. some salamanders have unusual reproductive strategies. Either one or both of these statements are true: inaction is states, or some hawk owls kill martens. Should it be the case that inaction is states, it follows that if collocations describe words that tend to be used together in a language, then either animals are chemoheterotrophs or fractionation ensures that less damage is done to normal cells than to cancer cells. Given that some hawk owls kill martens, it can be inferred that if collocations describe words that tend to be used together in a language, then either animals are chemoheterotrophs or fractionation ensures that less damage is done to normal cells than to cancer cells. Given that the statement that 'if some women report that every time they write or speak their name, they feel empowered, then either animals are chemoheterotrophs or fractionation ensures that less damage is done to normal cells than to cancer cells' is incorrect, it can be inferred that if tolerance also enriches a child's understanding of the world and encourages exploring it, then detergents contain comparatively large molecules. The claim that if tolerance also enriches a child's understanding of the world and encourages exploring it, then detergents contain comparatively large molecules does not correspond with reality.
|
It is reasonable to believe that fractionation ensures that less damage is done to normal cells than to cancer cells.
|
Fractionation is the process of separating and purifying therapeutic proteins from plasma.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (Either [1] or [0].). [SC2-2]
If [3], then (Either [1] or [0].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (Either [2] or [3].).
[4]
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [7] or [8].
If [7], then (If [2], then (Either [1] or [0].).).
If [8], then (If [2], then (Either [1] or [0].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (Either [1] or [0].)..
[SC3-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [3], then (Either [1] or [0].).).), then (If [5], then [6].).
Not (If [5], then [6].).
Therefore, If [3], then (Either [1] or [0].)..
|
{0: 'Fractionation ensures that less damage is done to normal cells than to cancer cells.', 1: 'Animals are chemoheterotrophs.', 2: 'Collocations describe words that tend to be used together in a language.', 3: 'Some women report that every time they write or speak their name, they feel empowered.', 4: 'Some salamanders have unusual reproductive strategies.', 5: "Tolerance also enriches a child's understanding of the world and encourages exploring it.", 6: 'Detergents contain comparatively large molecules.', 7: 'Inaction is states.', 8: 'Some hawk owls kill martens.'}
| 5 |
4,235 |
["Whenever it is true that inflation is typically the byproduct of an overheated economy, 'tyrannosauruses have (part) cell membranes' is true.", 'Provided that either blue holes are solution holes in the carbonate platform and islands of the Bahamas or sciatic pain occurs when the disk presses one of the nerves that form the sciatic nerve, we know that it is not the case that tyrannosauruses have (part) cell membranes.', "If the statement that 'either either blue holes are solution holes in the carbonate platform and islands of the Bahamas or sciatic pain occurs when the disk presses one of the nerves that form the sciatic nerve or figs have seeds' is incorrect, then tops are covering.", 'It is a common misconception that tops are covering.', "Provided that it is a common misconception that if figs have seeds, then it is not the case that tyrannosauruses have (part) cell membranes, we know that craps is considered America's most popular gambling game.", "On the condition that beta is a measure of the volatility of the individual stock in relation to the market as a whole, it is definitely the case that the statement, craps is considered America's most popular gambling game, does not hold.", 'It is true that beta is a measure of the volatility of the individual stock in relation to the market as a whole.']
|
Whenever it is true that inflation is typically the byproduct of an overheated economy, 'tyrannosauruses have (part) cell membranes' is true. Provided that either blue holes are solution holes in the carbonate platform and islands of the Bahamas or sciatic pain occurs when the disk presses one of the nerves that form the sciatic nerve, we know that it is not the case that tyrannosauruses have (part) cell membranes. If the statement that 'either either blue holes are solution holes in the carbonate platform and islands of the Bahamas or sciatic pain occurs when the disk presses one of the nerves that form the sciatic nerve or figs have seeds' is incorrect, then tops are covering. It is a common misconception that tops are covering. Provided that it is a common misconception that if figs have seeds, then it is not the case that tyrannosauruses have (part) cell membranes, we know that craps is considered America's most popular gambling game. On the condition that beta is a measure of the volatility of the individual stock in relation to the market as a whole, it is definitely the case that the statement, craps is considered America's most popular gambling game, does not hold. It is true that beta is a measure of the volatility of the individual stock in relation to the market as a whole.
|
Those that suggest inflation is typically the byproduct of an overheated economy are wrong.
|
The statement 'inflation is typically the byproduct of an overheated economy' can be considered true.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [2] or [3].) or [4]. [SC1-2]
If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not [1].).
If [4], then (Not [1].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either (Either [2] or [3].) or [4].).), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, Either (Either [2] or [3].) or [4]..
[SC3-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [4], then (Not [1].).).), then [5].
Not [5]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [4], then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [7], then (Not [5].).
[7]
Therefore, Not [5]..
|
{0: 'Inflation is typically the byproduct of an overheated economy.', 1: 'Tyrannosauruses have (part) cell membranes.', 2: 'Blue holes are solution holes in the carbonate platform and islands of the Bahamas.', 3: 'Sciatic pain occurs when the disk presses one of the nerves that form the sciatic nerve.', 4: 'Figs have seeds.', 5: "Craps is considered America's most popular gambling game.", 6: 'Tops are covering.', 7: 'Beta is a measure of the volatility of the individual stock in relation to the market as a whole.'}
| 5 |
4,538 |
['Either one or both of these statements are true: exercise increases the efficiency of our bodies and is beneficial at any age, or mix woodlands provide vary diets.', 'Given that mix woodlands provide vary diets, it can be inferred that the claim that sediments settle to the bottom of surface water is false.', 'We know that either excess helium builds up from nuclear fusion in the core and pushes outward d or some snakes eat fish.', "Whenever it is true that excess helium builds up from nuclear fusion in the core and pushes outward d, 'if some factors involve in metabolism, then if exercise increases the efficiency of our bodies and is beneficial at any age, then the claim that sediments settle to the bottom of surface water is false' is true.", 'We know that at least one of two things is true: some global emissions associate with electricity, or stored energy produces spark for instant light.', 'Assuming some global emissions associate with electricity, we know that some factors involve in metabolism.', 'Once we know stored energy produces spark for instant light, we also know that some factors involve in metabolism.', 'One may reasonably assume that if we know that the claim that if some snakes eat fish, then if some factors involve in metabolism, then if exercise increases the efficiency of our bodies and is beneficial at any age, then the claim that sediments settle to the bottom of surface water is false is false, then malls are areas where many stores are grouped together in one location.', 'We know that the claim that malls are areas where many stores are grouped together in one location is false.']
|
Either one or both of these statements are true: exercise increases the efficiency of our bodies and is beneficial at any age, or mix woodlands provide vary diets. Given that mix woodlands provide vary diets, it can be inferred that the claim that sediments settle to the bottom of surface water is false. We know that either excess helium builds up from nuclear fusion in the core and pushes outward d or some snakes eat fish. Whenever it is true that excess helium builds up from nuclear fusion in the core and pushes outward d, 'if some factors involve in metabolism, then if exercise increases the efficiency of our bodies and is beneficial at any age, then the claim that sediments settle to the bottom of surface water is false' is true. We know that at least one of two things is true: some global emissions associate with electricity, or stored energy produces spark for instant light. Assuming some global emissions associate with electricity, we know that some factors involve in metabolism. Once we know stored energy produces spark for instant light, we also know that some factors involve in metabolism. One may reasonably assume that if we know that the claim that if some snakes eat fish, then if some factors involve in metabolism, then if exercise increases the efficiency of our bodies and is beneficial at any age, then the claim that sediments settle to the bottom of surface water is false is false, then malls are areas where many stores are grouped together in one location. We know that the claim that malls are areas where many stores are grouped together in one location is false.
|
The claim that sediments settle to the bottom of surface water is false.
|
We know that the claim that sediments carried by the water fill the voids in the rock is false.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2].
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].).
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).). [SC1-2]
[3] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (If [3], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).
If [5], then (If [3], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).). [SC3-3]
Therefore, If [3], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).)..
[SC3-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [5], then (If [3], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).).), then [8].
Not [8].
Therefore, If [5], then (If [3], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then [3].
If [7], then [3].
Therefore, [3].
|
{0: 'Sediments settle to the bottom of surface water.', 1: 'Exercise increases the efficiency of our bodies and is beneficial at any age.', 2: 'Mix woodlands provide vary diets.', 3: 'Some factors involve in metabolism.', 4: 'Excess helium builds up from nuclear fusion in the core and pushes outward d.', 5: 'Some snakes eat fish.', 6: 'Some global emissions associate with electricity.', 7: 'Stored energy produces spark for instant light.', 8: 'Malls are areas where many stores are grouped together in one location.'}
| 5 |
4,241 |
['If the claim that pollen antigens is false, then the statement, cobalt blue is the most luminous color in a stained glass window, does not hold.', 'If store pesticides away from heat or high moisture, then if the claim that pollen antigens is false, then cobalt blue is the most luminous color in a stained glass window.', 'When prepubertal castration prevents subsequent development of nodular hyperplasia is true, it follows that if the claim that pollen antigens is false, then cobalt blue is the most luminous color in a stained glass window.', "Whenever it is true that the claim that either store pesticides away from heat or high moisture or prepubertal castration prevents subsequent development of nodular hyperplasia has no merit, 'complementary therapies can relieve symptoms and improve the quality of life for some patients' is true.", "Whenever it is true that complementary therapies can relieve symptoms and improve the quality of life for some patients, 'salmon have acid levels' is true.", "If some Asian countries are part of Eurasia, then if the claim that either store pesticides away from heat or high moisture or prepubertal castration prevents subsequent development of nodular hyperplasia has no merit, then the statement 'salmon have acid levels' can be considered false.", 'Those that suggest some Asian countries are part of Eurasia are right.']
|
If the claim that pollen antigens is false, then the statement, cobalt blue is the most luminous color in a stained glass window, does not hold. If store pesticides away from heat or high moisture, then if the claim that pollen antigens is false, then cobalt blue is the most luminous color in a stained glass window. When prepubertal castration prevents subsequent development of nodular hyperplasia is true, it follows that if the claim that pollen antigens is false, then cobalt blue is the most luminous color in a stained glass window. Whenever it is true that the claim that either store pesticides away from heat or high moisture or prepubertal castration prevents subsequent development of nodular hyperplasia has no merit, 'complementary therapies can relieve symptoms and improve the quality of life for some patients' is true. Whenever it is true that complementary therapies can relieve symptoms and improve the quality of life for some patients, 'salmon have acid levels' is true. If some Asian countries are part of Eurasia, then if the claim that either store pesticides away from heat or high moisture or prepubertal castration prevents subsequent development of nodular hyperplasia has no merit, then the statement 'salmon have acid levels' can be considered false. Those that suggest some Asian countries are part of Eurasia are right.
|
The statement 'pollen antigens ' is true.
|
The statement that states pollen antigens is false.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [2] or [3].).), then [4]. [SC1-3]
If (Not (Either [2] or [3].).), then (Not [4].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC1-3]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (Either [2] or [3].).), then [5].
If [5], then [4].
Therefore, If (Not (Either [2] or [3].).), then [4]..
[SC2-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If (Not (Either [2] or [3].).), then (Not [4].).).
[6]
Therefore, If (Not (Either [2] or [3].).), then (Not [4].)..
|
{0: 'Pollen antigens .', 1: 'Cobalt blue is the most luminous color in a stained glass window.', 2: 'Store pesticides away from heat or high moisture.', 3: 'Prepubertal castration prevents subsequent development of nodular hyperplasia.', 4: 'Salmon have acid levels.', 5: 'Complementary therapies can relieve symptoms and improve the quality of life for some patients.', 6: 'Some Asian countries are part of Eurasia.'}
| 5 |
4,590 |
['It is a fact that either blacks are more likely to acquit than whites or if personality is traced from birth through age three, then trawlers have (part) plasma membranes.', "So long as blacks are more likely to acquit than whites, 'applications cover methods' is true.", "If the notion that 'if some people mistakenly believe that if if personality is traced from birth through age three, then trawlers have (part) plasma membranes, then applications cover methods, then if wildflowers are increasingly important due to major losses of natural wildflower landscape, then many people use repellents to protect themselves' is untrue, then science has theories, religion has beliefs.", 'The claim that science has theories, religion has beliefs does not reflect reality.', 'We know that either personal decisions depend on emotional responses to images that reasoning processes produce or consultants have (part) corpi.', 'Assuming consultants have (part) corpi, we know that it is not the case that if wildflowers are increasingly important due to major losses of natural wildflower landscape, then many people use repellents to protect themselves.', 'If it is not the case that if personal decisions depend on emotional responses to images that reasoning processes produce, then it is not the case that if wildflowers are increasingly important due to major losses of natural wildflower landscape, then many people use repellents to protect themselves, then carjackings are common, especially with four wheel drive vehicles.', "Whenever it is true that it is not the case that if personal decisions depend on emotional responses to images that reasoning processes produce, then it is not the case that if wildflowers are increasingly important due to major losses of natural wildflower landscape, then many people use repellents to protect themselves, 'it is a common misconception that carjackings are common, especially with four wheel drive vehicles' is true."]
|
It is a fact that either blacks are more likely to acquit than whites or if personality is traced from birth through age three, then trawlers have (part) plasma membranes. So long as blacks are more likely to acquit than whites, 'applications cover methods' is true. If the notion that 'if some people mistakenly believe that if if personality is traced from birth through age three, then trawlers have (part) plasma membranes, then applications cover methods, then if wildflowers are increasingly important due to major losses of natural wildflower landscape, then many people use repellents to protect themselves' is untrue, then science has theories, religion has beliefs. The claim that science has theories, religion has beliefs does not reflect reality. We know that either personal decisions depend on emotional responses to images that reasoning processes produce or consultants have (part) corpi. Assuming consultants have (part) corpi, we know that it is not the case that if wildflowers are increasingly important due to major losses of natural wildflower landscape, then many people use repellents to protect themselves. If it is not the case that if personal decisions depend on emotional responses to images that reasoning processes produce, then it is not the case that if wildflowers are increasingly important due to major losses of natural wildflower landscape, then many people use repellents to protect themselves, then carjackings are common, especially with four wheel drive vehicles. Whenever it is true that it is not the case that if personal decisions depend on emotional responses to images that reasoning processes produce, then it is not the case that if wildflowers are increasingly important due to major losses of natural wildflower landscape, then many people use repellents to protect themselves, 'it is a common misconception that carjackings are common, especially with four wheel drive vehicles' is true.
|
The claim that applications cover methods holds true.
|
The claim that applications cover methods does not correspond with reality.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or (If [2], then [3].).
If [1], then [0].
If (If [2], then [3].), then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC3-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (If [2], then [3].), then [0].).), then (If [4], then [5].). [SC1-2]
Not (If [4], then [5].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (If [2], then [3].), then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If (If [2], then [3].), then [0].).), then (If [4], then [5].).).), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, If (Not (If (If [2], then [3].), then [0].).), then (If [4], then [5].)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [7] or [8].
If [7], then (Not (If [4], then [5].).). [SC2-3]
If [8], then (Not (If [4], then [5].).).
Therefore, Not (If [4], then [5].)..
[SC2-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [7], then (Not (If [4], then [5].).).).), then [9].
If (Not (If [7], then (Not (If [4], then [5].).).).), then (Not [9].).
Therefore, If [7], then (Not (If [4], then [5].).)..
|
{0: 'Applications cover methods.', 1: 'Blacks are more likely to acquit than whites.', 2: 'Personality is traced from birth through age three.', 3: 'Trawlers have (part) plasma membranes.', 4: 'Wildflowers are increasingly important due to major losses of natural wildflower landscape.', 5: 'Many people use repellents to protect themselves.', 6: 'Science has theories, religion has beliefs.', 7: 'Personal decisions depend on emotional responses to images that reasoning processes produce.', 8: 'Consultants have (part) corpi.', 9: 'Carjackings are common, especially with four wheel drive vehicles.'}
| 5 |
4,358 |
['Either japanese beetle feeds on weigela or levels provide information.', 'When japanese beetle feeds on weigela is true, it follows that if some people mistakenly believe that crops are also much less expensive to grow and maintain compared to the cost of producing animals, then telecommuting means managing by results instead of by observation.', "So long as levels provide information, 'if some people mistakenly believe that crops are also much less expensive to grow and maintain compared to the cost of producing animals, then telecommuting means managing by results instead of by observation' is true.", 'On the condition that land clearing occurs frequently in order to enhance grazing operations, it is definitely the case that the claim that telecommuting means managing by results instead of by observation has no merit.', "Whenever it is true that either accidents occur at sites or most aloe plants produce thick leaves, 'the claim that telecommuting means managing by results instead of by observation has no merit' is true.", "When the statement 'either land clearing occurs frequently in order to enhance grazing operations or either accidents occur at sites or most aloe plants produce thick leaves' can be considered false is true, it follows that memes are like viruses of the mind.", 'Either one or both of these statements are true: private property is the foundation of American life, or most people imagine that the heavens operate with clocklike precision.', 'If private property is the foundation of American life, then the statement that states memes are like viruses of the mind is false.', 'On the condition that most people imagine that the heavens operate with clocklike precision, it is definitely the case that the statement that states memes are like viruses of the mind is false.']
|
Either japanese beetle feeds on weigela or levels provide information. When japanese beetle feeds on weigela is true, it follows that if some people mistakenly believe that crops are also much less expensive to grow and maintain compared to the cost of producing animals, then telecommuting means managing by results instead of by observation. So long as levels provide information, 'if some people mistakenly believe that crops are also much less expensive to grow and maintain compared to the cost of producing animals, then telecommuting means managing by results instead of by observation' is true. On the condition that land clearing occurs frequently in order to enhance grazing operations, it is definitely the case that the claim that telecommuting means managing by results instead of by observation has no merit. Whenever it is true that either accidents occur at sites or most aloe plants produce thick leaves, 'the claim that telecommuting means managing by results instead of by observation has no merit' is true. When the statement 'either land clearing occurs frequently in order to enhance grazing operations or either accidents occur at sites or most aloe plants produce thick leaves' can be considered false is true, it follows that memes are like viruses of the mind. Either one or both of these statements are true: private property is the foundation of American life, or most people imagine that the heavens operate with clocklike precision. If private property is the foundation of American life, then the statement that states memes are like viruses of the mind is false. On the condition that most people imagine that the heavens operate with clocklike precision, it is definitely the case that the statement that states memes are like viruses of the mind is false.
|
Many people rightly believe that crops are also much less expensive to grow and maintain compared to the cost of producing animals.
|
Many people rightly believe that crops are also much less expensive to grow and maintain compared to the cost of producing animals.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
If [6], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].). [SC1-2]
If [2], then (Not [1].).
If (Either [3] or [4].), then (Not [1].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].).).), then [7].
Not [7]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].)..
[SC2-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [8] or [9].
If [8], then (Not [7].).
If [9], then (Not [7].).
Therefore, Not [7]..
|
{0: 'Crops are also much less expensive to grow and maintain compared to the cost of producing animals.', 1: 'Telecommuting means managing by results instead of by observation.', 2: 'Land clearing occurs frequently in order to enhance grazing operations.', 3: 'Accidents occur at sites.', 4: 'Most aloe plants produce thick leaves.', 5: 'Japanese beetle feeds on weigela.', 6: 'Levels provide information.', 7: 'Memes are like viruses of the mind.', 8: 'Private property is the foundation of American life.', 9: 'Most people imagine that the heavens operate with clocklike precision.'}
| 5 |
4,959 |
['Should it be the case that entire teams see positive results, it follows that either talbott soils are yellowish red and clayey or it is not true that most illnesses result in breathe problems.', 'If dance is a part of every culture, and people have been dancing since the beginning of time, then either talbott soils are yellowish red and clayey or it is not true that most illnesses result in breathe problems.', 'On the condition that talbott soils are yellowish red and clayey, it is definitely the case that the claim that bermuda grass is generally tolerant of low soil pH and high salt concentration is false.', 'It is a fact that either culture is more than just traditions and customs observed or if owners have (part) material bodies, then a winter aconite is a herb.', 'Given that culture is more than just traditions and customs observed, it can be inferred that either entire teams see positive results or dance is a part of every culture, and people have been dancing since the beginning of time.', 'If if owners have (part) material bodies, then a winter aconite is a herb, then either entire teams see positive results or dance is a part of every culture, and people have been dancing since the beginning of time.', 'It is rational to believe that either some people have really advanced plaque, with calcium deposits which form in the plaque or blood is a major component of liver absorption.', "Whenever it is true that some people have really advanced plaque, with calcium deposits which form in the plaque, 'if talbott soils are yellowish red and clayey, then bermuda grass is generally tolerant of low soil pH and high salt concentration' is true.", 'If blood is a major component of liver absorption, then if talbott soils are yellowish red and clayey, then bermuda grass is generally tolerant of low soil pH and high salt concentration.']
|
Should it be the case that entire teams see positive results, it follows that either talbott soils are yellowish red and clayey or it is not true that most illnesses result in breathe problems. If dance is a part of every culture, and people have been dancing since the beginning of time, then either talbott soils are yellowish red and clayey or it is not true that most illnesses result in breathe problems. On the condition that talbott soils are yellowish red and clayey, it is definitely the case that the claim that bermuda grass is generally tolerant of low soil pH and high salt concentration is false. It is a fact that either culture is more than just traditions and customs observed or if owners have (part) material bodies, then a winter aconite is a herb. Given that culture is more than just traditions and customs observed, it can be inferred that either entire teams see positive results or dance is a part of every culture, and people have been dancing since the beginning of time. If if owners have (part) material bodies, then a winter aconite is a herb, then either entire teams see positive results or dance is a part of every culture, and people have been dancing since the beginning of time. It is rational to believe that either some people have really advanced plaque, with calcium deposits which form in the plaque or blood is a major component of liver absorption. Whenever it is true that some people have really advanced plaque, with calcium deposits which form in the plaque, 'if talbott soils are yellowish red and clayey, then bermuda grass is generally tolerant of low soil pH and high salt concentration' is true. If blood is a major component of liver absorption, then if talbott soils are yellowish red and clayey, then bermuda grass is generally tolerant of low soil pH and high salt concentration.
|
It is not true that most illnesses result in breathe problems.
|
It is true that most illnesses result in breathe problems.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (Either [1] or (Not [0].).).
If [3], then (Either [1] or (Not [0].).).
Therefore, Either [1] or (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [7] or (If [8], then [9].).
If [7], then (Either [2] or [3].).
If (If [8], then [9].), then (Either [2] or [3].).
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [1], then [4]. [SC1-2]
If [1], then (Not [4].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (If [1], then [4].).
If [6], then (If [1], then [4].).
Therefore, If [1], then [4]..
|
{0: 'Most illnesses result in breathe problems.', 1: 'Talbott soils are yellowish red and clayey.', 2: 'Entire teams see positive results.', 3: 'Dance is a part of every culture, and people have been dancing since the beginning of time.', 4: 'Bermuda grass is generally tolerant of low soil pH and high salt concentration.', 5: 'Some people have really advanced plaque, with calcium deposits which form in the plaque.', 6: 'Blood is a major component of liver absorption.', 7: 'Culture is more than just traditions and customs observed.', 8: 'Owners have (part) material bodies.', 9: 'A winter aconite is a herb.'}
| 5 |
4,848 |
['The claim that forgings provide freedom from internal stress and a high tensile strength does not correspond with reality.', 'Given that palliative care is something all human beings have in common, it can be inferred that either collective defence is a stabilizing factor in world politics or people desire back rubs.', "So long as the notion that 'if those that suggest if either collective defence is a stabilizing factor in world politics or people desire back rubs, then education is a life-long process that provides enjoyment and enrichment are wrong, then forgings provide freedom from internal stress and a high tensile strength' is untrue, 'some organic mulches are colored red, brown, black, and other colors' is true.", 'It is a common misconception that some organic mulches are colored red, brown, black, and other colors.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: fad diets fail to provide ways to keep excess weight off, or palliative care is something all human beings have in common.', 'Those that suggest fad diets fail to provide ways to keep excess weight off are wrong.']
|
The claim that forgings provide freedom from internal stress and a high tensile strength does not correspond with reality. Given that palliative care is something all human beings have in common, it can be inferred that either collective defence is a stabilizing factor in world politics or people desire back rubs. So long as the notion that 'if those that suggest if either collective defence is a stabilizing factor in world politics or people desire back rubs, then education is a life-long process that provides enjoyment and enrichment are wrong, then forgings provide freedom from internal stress and a high tensile strength' is untrue, 'some organic mulches are colored red, brown, black, and other colors' is true. It is a common misconception that some organic mulches are colored red, brown, black, and other colors. Either one or both of these statements are true: fad diets fail to provide ways to keep excess weight off, or palliative care is something all human beings have in common. Those that suggest fad diets fail to provide ways to keep excess weight off are wrong.
|
The statement 'education is a life-long process that provides enjoyment and enrichment' is true.
|
Education is viewed as a moral activity that produces servant-leaders for the church and the world.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0]. [SC1-1]
Either [1] or [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
Not [3].
Therefore, If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].).), then [3].).), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].).), then [3]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (Either [1] or [2].).
[4] [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or [4].
Not [5].
Therefore, [4].
|
{0: 'Education is a life-long process that provides enjoyment and enrichment.', 1: 'Collective defence is a stabilizing factor in world politics.', 2: 'People desire back rubs.', 3: 'Forgings provide freedom from internal stress and a high tensile strength.', 4: 'Palliative care is something all human beings have in common.', 5: 'Fad diets fail to provide ways to keep excess weight off.', 6: 'Some organic mulches are colored red, brown, black, and other colors.'}
| 5 |
4,792 |
["Whenever it is true that adolescents tend to delay seeking abortion, thus increasing the risks of the procedure, 'nightmares are frightening that occur during REM sleep' is true.", "We know that either most fawns hide in tall prairie grass or if the notion that 'adolescents tend to delay seeking abortion, thus increasing the risks of the procedure' is untrue, then most animals are evolved from animals.", 'We know that the claim that most fawns hide in tall prairie grass is false.', 'The statement that states turtles lay their eggs is false.', 'One may reasonably assume that if either a salon is a picture gallery or funerals are important for the pet owners as well as the pet, then either turtles lay their eggs or the statement, most animals are evolved from animals, does not hold.', 'It is rational to believe that either a salon is a picture gallery or funerals are important for the pet owners as well as the pet.']
|
Whenever it is true that adolescents tend to delay seeking abortion, thus increasing the risks of the procedure, 'nightmares are frightening that occur during REM sleep' is true. We know that either most fawns hide in tall prairie grass or if the notion that 'adolescents tend to delay seeking abortion, thus increasing the risks of the procedure' is untrue, then most animals are evolved from animals. We know that the claim that most fawns hide in tall prairie grass is false. The statement that states turtles lay their eggs is false. One may reasonably assume that if either a salon is a picture gallery or funerals are important for the pet owners as well as the pet, then either turtles lay their eggs or the statement, most animals are evolved from animals, does not hold. It is rational to believe that either a salon is a picture gallery or funerals are important for the pet owners as well as the pet.
|
It is true that nightmares are frightening that occur during REM sleep.
|
It is true that nightmares are frightening that occur during REM sleep.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0].
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [1].), then [2]. [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, [1].
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If (Not [1].), then [2].).
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not [1].), then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (Not [2].). [SC1-3]
Not [3].
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [5] or [6].), then (Either [3] or (Not [2].).).
Either [5] or [6].
Therefore, Either [3] or (Not [2].)..
|
{0: 'Nightmares are frightening that occur during REM sleep.', 1: 'Adolescents tend to delay seeking abortion, thus increasing the risks of the procedure.', 2: 'Most animals are evolved from animals.', 3: 'Turtles lay their eggs.', 4: 'Most fawns hide in tall prairie grass.', 5: 'A salon is a picture gallery.', 6: 'Funerals are important for the pet owners as well as the pet.'}
| 5 |
4,325 |
["Either representatives work time or if the statement that 'alcohol can increase possible dizziness or drowsiness' is incorrect, then some people build structures to reduce the hazard associated with living on volcanoes.", 'We can assume that prenuptial agreements have a tendency to perpetuate imbalances and inequity.', 'We know that either effects have term impact or the claim that representatives work time is false.', 'It is not true that effects have term impact.', 'It is a fact that either jellyfish are located in water or if some mummies bear evidence of henna-stained fingernails, an early form of nail polish, then people assess conditions.', "Whenever it is true that jellyfish are located in water, 'if prenuptial agreements have a tendency to perpetuate imbalances and inequity, then the notion that 'some people build structures to reduce the hazard associated with living on volcanoes' is untrue' is true.", "Once we know if some mummies bear evidence of henna-stained fingernails, an early form of nail polish, then people assess conditions, we also know that if prenuptial agreements have a tendency to perpetuate imbalances and inequity, then the notion that 'some people build structures to reduce the hazard associated with living on volcanoes' is untrue."]
|
Either representatives work time or if the statement that 'alcohol can increase possible dizziness or drowsiness' is incorrect, then some people build structures to reduce the hazard associated with living on volcanoes. We can assume that prenuptial agreements have a tendency to perpetuate imbalances and inequity. We know that either effects have term impact or the claim that representatives work time is false. It is not true that effects have term impact. It is a fact that either jellyfish are located in water or if some mummies bear evidence of henna-stained fingernails, an early form of nail polish, then people assess conditions. Whenever it is true that jellyfish are located in water, 'if prenuptial agreements have a tendency to perpetuate imbalances and inequity, then the notion that 'some people build structures to reduce the hazard associated with living on volcanoes' is untrue' is true. Once we know if some mummies bear evidence of henna-stained fingernails, an early form of nail polish, then people assess conditions, we also know that if prenuptial agreements have a tendency to perpetuate imbalances and inequity, then the notion that 'some people build structures to reduce the hazard associated with living on volcanoes' is untrue.
|
It is the case that alcohol can increase possible dizziness or drowsiness.
|
Alcohol acts as a depressant in most people.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (Not [2].).
Not [4].
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
[3]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or (If [6], then [7].).
If [5], then (If [3], then (Not [1].).).
If (If [6], then [7].), then (If [3], then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If [3], then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Alcohol can increase possible dizziness or drowsiness.', 1: 'Some people build structures to reduce the hazard associated with living on volcanoes.', 2: 'Representatives work time.', 3: 'Prenuptial agreements have a tendency to perpetuate imbalances and inequity.', 4: 'Effects have term impact.', 5: 'Jellyfish are located in water.', 6: 'Some mummies bear evidence of henna-stained fingernails, an early form of nail polish.', 7: 'People assess conditions.'}
| 5 |
4,899 |
['It is a fact that either limes are colour or either if some cysts are tiny, but others can be as large as an egg, then primates have (part) ears or it is a common misconception that either hellbenders require very specific habitats or most paleontologists spend a lot of time in the field to collect the fossils that they study.', "The statement 'weakened trees are more susceptible to secondary pests such as wood borers or root diseases' is true.", 'It is rational to believe that either animals roam hills or the claim that limes are colour does not correspond with reality.', 'The statement, animals roam hills, does not hold.', "Whenever it is true that graph paper is paper, 'if weakened trees are more susceptible to secondary pests such as wood borers or root diseases, then the statement that 'if some cysts are tiny, but others can be as large as an egg, then primates have (part) ears' is incorrect' is true.", 'The claim that graph paper is paper is true.']
|
It is a fact that either limes are colour or either if some cysts are tiny, but others can be as large as an egg, then primates have (part) ears or it is a common misconception that either hellbenders require very specific habitats or most paleontologists spend a lot of time in the field to collect the fossils that they study. The statement 'weakened trees are more susceptible to secondary pests such as wood borers or root diseases' is true. It is rational to believe that either animals roam hills or the claim that limes are colour does not correspond with reality. The statement, animals roam hills, does not hold. Whenever it is true that graph paper is paper, 'if weakened trees are more susceptible to secondary pests such as wood borers or root diseases, then the statement that 'if some cysts are tiny, but others can be as large as an egg, then primates have (part) ears' is incorrect' is true. The claim that graph paper is paper is true.
|
It is a common misconception that either hellbenders require very specific habitats or most paleontologists spend a lot of time in the field to collect the fossils that they study.
|
Some people mistakenly believe that hellbenders have lungs.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [2], then [3].) or (Not (Either [0] or [1].).). [SC1-1]
Not (If [2], then [3].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (Either (If [2], then [3].) or (Not (Either [0] or [1].).).).
Not [5]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either (If [2], then [3].) or (Not (Either [0] or [1].).)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (Not [5].).
Not [6].
Therefore, Not [5]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (Not (If [2], then [3].).). [SC1-2]
[4]
Therefore, Not (If [2], then [3].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [7], then (If [4], then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).).
[7]
Therefore, If [4], then (Not (If [2], then [3].).)..
|
{0: 'Hellbenders require very specific habitats.', 1: 'Most paleontologists spend a lot of time in the field to collect the fossils that they study.', 2: 'Some cysts are tiny, but others can be as large as an egg.', 3: 'Primates have (part) ears.', 4: 'Weakened trees are more susceptible to secondary pests such as wood borers or root diseases.', 5: 'Limes are colour.', 6: 'Animals roam hills.', 7: 'Graph paper is paper.'}
| 5 |
4,809 |
["So long as areas have soft fur, 'if meadow voles live in meadows, then either researchers discover mates or deep diving begins near sunrise and finishes at sunset' is true.", 'The claim that areas have soft fur is true.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: wildness is a scarce commodity in the east, or meadow voles live in meadows.', 'The statement, lower jaws are jaws, does not hold.', "One may reasonably assume that if the notion that 'if wildness is a scarce commodity in the east, then lower jaws are jaws' is untrue, then either elk Lake provides good habitat for waterfowl, wildlife, brook trout, and kokanee salmon or office workers are located in offices.", 'The claim that either elk Lake provides good habitat for waterfowl, wildlife, brook trout, and kokanee salmon or office workers are located in offices has no merit.']
|
So long as areas have soft fur, 'if meadow voles live in meadows, then either researchers discover mates or deep diving begins near sunrise and finishes at sunset' is true. The claim that areas have soft fur is true. We know that at least one of two things is true: wildness is a scarce commodity in the east, or meadow voles live in meadows. The statement, lower jaws are jaws, does not hold. One may reasonably assume that if the notion that 'if wildness is a scarce commodity in the east, then lower jaws are jaws' is untrue, then either elk Lake provides good habitat for waterfowl, wildlife, brook trout, and kokanee salmon or office workers are located in offices. The claim that either elk Lake provides good habitat for waterfowl, wildlife, brook trout, and kokanee salmon or office workers are located in offices has no merit.
|
It is rational to believe that either researchers discover mates or deep diving begins near sunrise and finishes at sunset.
|
We know that either researchers say smoking is the leading avoidable cause of morbidity and mortality or smoking is a risk for stroke, cholesterol is an indirect risk for stroke.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (Either [0] or [1].). [SC1-1]
[2] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If [2], then (Either [0] or [1].).).
[4]
Therefore, If [2], then (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or [2].
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, [2].
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If [3], then [5]. [SC1-3]
Not [5].
Therefore, Not [3]..
[SC1-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [3], then [5].).), then (Either [6] or [7].).
Not (Either [6] or [7].).
Therefore, If [3], then [5]..
|
{0: 'Researchers discover mates.', 1: 'Deep diving begins near sunrise and finishes at sunset.', 2: 'Meadow voles live in meadows.', 3: 'Wildness is a scarce commodity in the east.', 4: 'Areas have soft fur.', 5: 'Lower jaws are jaws.', 6: 'Elk Lake provides good habitat for waterfowl, wildlife, brook trout, and kokanee salmon.', 7: 'Office workers are located in offices.'}
| 5 |
4,350 |
["When the statement that states if pygmy goats are more disease-resistant in some ways than other breeds, then giant pandas provide fertilizer for the world's most expensive green tea is false is true, it follows that systemic infection is acquired by a respiratory route.", 'Should it be the case that share is the percentage of television sets in use tuned to a specific program, it follows that pygmy goats are more disease-resistant in some ways than other breeds.', "It is rational to believe that either contractors build stone fences or if the statement that states if pygmy goats are more disease-resistant in some ways than other breeds, then giant pandas provide fertilizer for the world's most expensive green tea is false, then the statement that states systemic infection is acquired by a respiratory route is false.", 'It is a common misconception that contractors build stone fences.', 'One may reasonably assume that if the statement that states share is the percentage of television sets in use tuned to a specific program is false, then courthouses are located in towns.', 'Once we know the statement that states share is the percentage of television sets in use tuned to a specific program is false, we also know that those that suggest courthouses are located in towns are wrong.']
|
When the statement that states if pygmy goats are more disease-resistant in some ways than other breeds, then giant pandas provide fertilizer for the world's most expensive green tea is false is true, it follows that systemic infection is acquired by a respiratory route. Should it be the case that share is the percentage of television sets in use tuned to a specific program, it follows that pygmy goats are more disease-resistant in some ways than other breeds. It is rational to believe that either contractors build stone fences or if the statement that states if pygmy goats are more disease-resistant in some ways than other breeds, then giant pandas provide fertilizer for the world's most expensive green tea is false, then the statement that states systemic infection is acquired by a respiratory route is false. It is a common misconception that contractors build stone fences. One may reasonably assume that if the statement that states share is the percentage of television sets in use tuned to a specific program is false, then courthouses are located in towns. Once we know the statement that states share is the percentage of television sets in use tuned to a specific program is false, we also know that those that suggest courthouses are located in towns are wrong.
|
giant pandas provide fertilizer for the world's most expensive green tea .
|
Giant pandas prefer to live a solitary life.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [2].
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not [2].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not [2].).).
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not [2].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then [1].
[3] [SC2-2]
Therefore, [1].
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [3].), then [5].
If (Not [3].), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, [3].
|
{0: "Giant pandas provide fertilizer for the world's most expensive green tea .", 1: 'Pygmy goats are more disease-resistant in some ways than other breeds.', 2: 'Systemic infection is acquired by a respiratory route.', 3: 'Share is the percentage of television sets in use tuned to a specific program.', 4: 'Contractors build stone fences.', 5: 'Courthouses are located in towns.'}
| 5 |
4,363 |
["So long as it is not the case that either toxins have effects or stones move slowly, 'either sprawl increases traffic on our neighborhood streets and highways or spider plants grow in pots' is true.", "The notion that 'coves are natural things' is untrue.", 'One may reasonably assume that if if cassowaries are the heaviest bird in Australia, then companies are capable of ship containers, then water flow is usually constant throughout the year.', "So long as water flow is usually constant throughout the year, 'if either sprawl increases traffic on our neighborhood streets and highways or spider plants grow in pots, then coves are natural things' is true.", 'It is a fact that either writers write chapters or if cassowaries are the heaviest bird in Australia, then companies are capable of ship containers.', 'The claim that writers write chapters is false.']
|
So long as it is not the case that either toxins have effects or stones move slowly, 'either sprawl increases traffic on our neighborhood streets and highways or spider plants grow in pots' is true. The notion that 'coves are natural things' is untrue. One may reasonably assume that if if cassowaries are the heaviest bird in Australia, then companies are capable of ship containers, then water flow is usually constant throughout the year. So long as water flow is usually constant throughout the year, 'if either sprawl increases traffic on our neighborhood streets and highways or spider plants grow in pots, then coves are natural things' is true. It is a fact that either writers write chapters or if cassowaries are the heaviest bird in Australia, then companies are capable of ship containers. The claim that writers write chapters is false.
|
There is good reason to believe that either toxins have effects or stones move slowly.
|
There is good reason to believe that either toxins have effects or stones move slowly.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].).
Not (Either [2] or [3].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Either [2] or [3].), then [4]. [SC1-2]
Not [4].
Therefore, Not (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [5], then [6].), then (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [4].). [SC1-3]
If [5], then [6]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Either [2] or [3].), then [4]..
[SC1-3]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (If [5], then [6].), then [8].
If [8], then (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [4].).
Therefore, If (If [5], then [6].), then (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [4].)..
[SC2-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [7] or (If [5], then [6].).
Not [7].
Therefore, If [5], then [6]..
|
{0: 'Toxins have effects.', 1: 'Stones move slowly.', 2: 'Sprawl increases traffic on our neighborhood streets and highways.', 3: 'Spider plants grow in pots.', 4: 'Coves are natural things.', 5: 'Cassowaries are the heaviest bird in Australia.', 6: 'Companies are capable of ship containers.', 7: 'Writers write chapters.', 8: 'Water flow is usually constant throughout the year.'}
| 5 |
4,017 |
['It is a common misconception that a subway system is a railroad.', 'It is a fact that either boutiques are stores or some beef causes cancer.', 'If boutiques are stores, then some female monarchs pass through areas.', "Whenever it is true that some beef causes cancer, 'cliff swallows nest building in Brooklyn Park' is true.", 'If some female monarchs pass through areas, then crabs has-part backs.', 'One may reasonably assume that if crabs has-part backs, then either a subway system is a railroad or adolescents face higher risks from unsafe abortion, partly because they wait longer.', 'On the condition that some people mistakenly believe that if cliff swallows nest building in Brooklyn Park, then either a subway system is a railroad or adolescents face higher risks from unsafe abortion, partly because they wait longer, it is definitely the case that porphyrin production takes place in the liver.', 'It is a common misconception that porphyrin production takes place in the liver.']
|
It is a common misconception that a subway system is a railroad. It is a fact that either boutiques are stores or some beef causes cancer. If boutiques are stores, then some female monarchs pass through areas. Whenever it is true that some beef causes cancer, 'cliff swallows nest building in Brooklyn Park' is true. If some female monarchs pass through areas, then crabs has-part backs. One may reasonably assume that if crabs has-part backs, then either a subway system is a railroad or adolescents face higher risks from unsafe abortion, partly because they wait longer. On the condition that some people mistakenly believe that if cliff swallows nest building in Brooklyn Park, then either a subway system is a railroad or adolescents face higher risks from unsafe abortion, partly because they wait longer, it is definitely the case that porphyrin production takes place in the liver. It is a common misconception that porphyrin production takes place in the liver.
|
The statement that states adolescents face higher risks from unsafe abortion, partly because they wait longer is right.
|
The statement that states adolescents face higher risks from unsafe abortion, partly because they wait longer is right.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (Either [1] or [0].). [SC2-2]
If [3], then (Either [1] or [0].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then [2].
If [5], then [3].
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [7].
If [7], then (Either [1] or [0].).
Therefore, If [2], then (Either [1] or [0].)..
[SC3-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [3], then (Either [1] or [0].).).), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, If [3], then (Either [1] or [0].)..
|
{0: 'Adolescents face higher risks from unsafe abortion, partly because they wait longer.', 1: 'A subway system is a railroad.', 2: 'Some female monarchs pass through areas.', 3: 'Cliff swallows nest building in Brooklyn Park.', 4: 'Boutiques are stores.', 5: 'Some beef causes cancer.', 6: 'Porphyrin production takes place in the liver.', 7: 'Crabs has-part backs.'}
| 5 |
4,186 |
['One may reasonably assume that if most bats have brown fur, then inadequate income is the major cause of hunger.', 'Once we know systolic pressure is the blood pressure at the time the heart is contracted, we also know that if some zircon contains significant uranium and thorium, then copper is an essential trace element found throughout the body.', 'systolic pressure is the blood pressure at the time the heart is contracted.', 'If the statement that states if enzymes are proteins that act as organic catalysts to speed chemical reactions within cells, then copper is an essential trace element found throughout the body is false, then stress triggers an adrenaline surge and makes our muscles tense and our heart race.', 'The claim that stress triggers an adrenaline surge and makes our muscles tense and our heart race has no merit.', "Whenever it is true that if most bats have brown fur, then inadequate income is the major cause of hunger, 'domestic cats represent a major threat to wildlife in urban, suburban, and even rural areas' is true.", 'One may reasonably assume that if domestic cats represent a major threat to wildlife in urban, suburban, and even rural areas, then either some zircon contains significant uranium and thorium or enzymes are proteins that act as organic catalysts to speed chemical reactions within cells.']
|
One may reasonably assume that if most bats have brown fur, then inadequate income is the major cause of hunger. Once we know systolic pressure is the blood pressure at the time the heart is contracted, we also know that if some zircon contains significant uranium and thorium, then copper is an essential trace element found throughout the body. systolic pressure is the blood pressure at the time the heart is contracted. If the statement that states if enzymes are proteins that act as organic catalysts to speed chemical reactions within cells, then copper is an essential trace element found throughout the body is false, then stress triggers an adrenaline surge and makes our muscles tense and our heart race. The claim that stress triggers an adrenaline surge and makes our muscles tense and our heart race has no merit. Whenever it is true that if most bats have brown fur, then inadequate income is the major cause of hunger, 'domestic cats represent a major threat to wildlife in urban, suburban, and even rural areas' is true. One may reasonably assume that if domestic cats represent a major threat to wildlife in urban, suburban, and even rural areas, then either some zircon contains significant uranium and thorium or enzymes are proteins that act as organic catalysts to speed chemical reactions within cells.
|
The statement 'copper is an essential trace element found throughout the body' can be considered true.
|
The claim that copper is an essential trace element found throughout the body does not reflect reality.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [2], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [5], then [6].), then (Either [1] or [2].). [SC1-2]
If [5], then [6].
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (If [5], then [6].), then [7].
If [7], then (Either [1] or [2].).
Therefore, If (If [5], then [6].), then (Either [1] or [2].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (If [1], then [0].).
[3]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC3-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, If [2], then [0]..
|
{0: 'Copper is an essential trace element found throughout the body.', 1: 'Some zircon contains significant uranium and thorium.', 2: 'Enzymes are proteins that act as organic catalysts to speed chemical reactions within cells.', 3: 'Systolic pressure is the blood pressure at the time the heart is contracted.', 4: 'Stress triggers an adrenaline surge and makes our muscles tense and our heart race.', 5: 'Most bats have brown fur.', 6: 'Inadequate income is the major cause of hunger.', 7: 'Domestic cats represent a major threat to wildlife in urban, suburban, and even rural areas.'}
| 5 |
4,402 |
['It is rational to believe that either if mortality is highest during the first year of life, then digestion is complete when digestate is light in color or if either caterpillars eat plants or decapods have (part) thoraxes, then if atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons, then wetlands Look around at the diversity of life found in wetlands.', 'The claim that if mortality is highest during the first year of life, then digestion is complete when digestate is light in color does not reflect reality.', 'It is rational to believe that either if large snakes eat an adult rabbit once a week, then science often advances with the introduction of new technologies or either most mandrills have predators or most iris varieties are highly resistant or immune.', 'Should it be the case that if large snakes eat an adult rabbit once a week, then science often advances with the introduction of new technologies, it follows that if either caterpillars eat plants or decapods have (part) thoraxes, then it is not true that if atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons, then wetlands Look around at the diversity of life found in wetlands.', 'When the statement that states if either most mandrills have predators or most iris varieties are highly resistant or immune, then if either caterpillars eat plants or decapods have (part) thoraxes, then it is not true that if atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons, then wetlands Look around at the diversity of life found in wetlands is false is true, it follows that it is a common misconception that ladies are located in grocery stores.', 'We know that either koalas have the ability to run, though or if the statement that states if either most mandrills have predators or most iris varieties are highly resistant or immune, then if either caterpillars eat plants or decapods have (part) thoraxes, then it is not true that if atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons, then wetlands Look around at the diversity of life found in wetlands is false, then ladies are located in grocery stores.', 'The claim that koalas have the ability to run, though does not correspond with reality.']
|
It is rational to believe that either if mortality is highest during the first year of life, then digestion is complete when digestate is light in color or if either caterpillars eat plants or decapods have (part) thoraxes, then if atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons, then wetlands Look around at the diversity of life found in wetlands. The claim that if mortality is highest during the first year of life, then digestion is complete when digestate is light in color does not reflect reality. It is rational to believe that either if large snakes eat an adult rabbit once a week, then science often advances with the introduction of new technologies or either most mandrills have predators or most iris varieties are highly resistant or immune. Should it be the case that if large snakes eat an adult rabbit once a week, then science often advances with the introduction of new technologies, it follows that if either caterpillars eat plants or decapods have (part) thoraxes, then it is not true that if atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons, then wetlands Look around at the diversity of life found in wetlands. When the statement that states if either most mandrills have predators or most iris varieties are highly resistant or immune, then if either caterpillars eat plants or decapods have (part) thoraxes, then it is not true that if atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons, then wetlands Look around at the diversity of life found in wetlands is false is true, it follows that it is a common misconception that ladies are located in grocery stores. We know that either koalas have the ability to run, though or if the statement that states if either most mandrills have predators or most iris varieties are highly resistant or immune, then if either caterpillars eat plants or decapods have (part) thoraxes, then it is not true that if atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons, then wetlands Look around at the diversity of life found in wetlands is false, then ladies are located in grocery stores. The claim that koalas have the ability to run, though does not correspond with reality.
|
We know that the claim that either caterpillars eat plants or decapods have (part) thoraxes is false.
|
It is a common misconception that caterpillars feed in clusters near branch terminals.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Either [0] or [1].), then (If [2], then [3].). [SC1-1]
If (Either [0] or [1].), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [4], then [5].) or (If (Either [0] or [1].), then (If [2], then [3].).).
Not (If [4], then [5].).
Therefore, If (Either [0] or [1].), then (If [2], then [3].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [6], then [7].) or (Either [8] or [9].).
If (If [6], then [7].), then (If (Either [0] or [1].), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).).
If (Either [8] or [9].), then (If (Either [0] or [1].), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).). [SC3-2]
Therefore, If (Either [0] or [1].), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).)..
[SC3-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Either [8] or [9].), then (If (Either [0] or [1].), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).).).), then [10]. [SC1-3]
If (Not (If (Either [8] or [9].), then (If (Either [0] or [1].), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).).).), then (Not [10].).
Therefore, If (Either [8] or [9].), then (If (Either [0] or [1].), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [11] or (If (Not (If (Either [8] or [9].), then (If (Either [0] or [1].), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).).).), then [10].).
Not [11].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Either [8] or [9].), then (If (Either [0] or [1].), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).).).), then [10]..
|
{0: 'Caterpillars eat plants.', 1: 'Decapods have (part) thoraxes.', 2: 'Atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons.', 3: 'Wetlands Look around at the diversity of life found in wetlands.', 4: 'Mortality is highest during the first year of life.', 5: 'Digestion is complete when digestate is light in color.', 6: 'Large snakes eat an adult rabbit once a week.', 7: 'Science often advances with the introduction of new technologies.', 8: 'Most mandrills have predators.', 9: 'Most iris varieties are highly resistant or immune.', 10: 'Ladies are located in grocery stores.', 11: 'Koalas have the ability to run, though.'}
| 5 |
4,338 |
['Once we know computers become useful and productive tools in everyday work, we also know that some sharks reach sexual maturity.', 'If some sharks reach sexual maturity, then peach trees are fruit trees.', "If herons also have broad wings and long legs, then if the notion that 'if computers become useful and productive tools in everyday work, then it is not the case that peach trees are fruit trees' is untrue, then drip irrigation sends water straight to a plant's roots with virtually no loss to evaporation.", 'The idea that herons also have broad wings and long legs is true.', "Whenever it is true that the notion that 'if the notion that 'if computers become useful and productive tools in everyday work, then it is not the case that peach trees are fruit trees' is untrue, then we know that the claim that drip irrigation sends water straight to a plant's roots with virtually no loss to evaporation is false' is untrue, 'if red king crabs live in water, then schools are centres of their community, an important part of each community s life' is true.", "Whenever it is true that the notion that 'if the notion that 'if computers become useful and productive tools in everyday work, then it is not the case that peach trees are fruit trees' is untrue, then we know that the claim that drip irrigation sends water straight to a plant's roots with virtually no loss to evaporation is false' is untrue, 'the claim that if red king crabs live in water, then schools are centres of their community, an important part of each community s life is false' is true."]
|
Once we know computers become useful and productive tools in everyday work, we also know that some sharks reach sexual maturity. If some sharks reach sexual maturity, then peach trees are fruit trees. If herons also have broad wings and long legs, then if the notion that 'if computers become useful and productive tools in everyday work, then it is not the case that peach trees are fruit trees' is untrue, then drip irrigation sends water straight to a plant's roots with virtually no loss to evaporation. The idea that herons also have broad wings and long legs is true. Whenever it is true that the notion that 'if the notion that 'if computers become useful and productive tools in everyday work, then it is not the case that peach trees are fruit trees' is untrue, then we know that the claim that drip irrigation sends water straight to a plant's roots with virtually no loss to evaporation is false' is untrue, 'if red king crabs live in water, then schools are centres of their community, an important part of each community s life' is true. Whenever it is true that the notion that 'if the notion that 'if computers become useful and productive tools in everyday work, then it is not the case that peach trees are fruit trees' is untrue, then we know that the claim that drip irrigation sends water straight to a plant's roots with virtually no loss to evaporation is false' is untrue, 'the claim that if red king crabs live in water, then schools are centres of their community, an important part of each community s life is false' is true.
|
Some people mistakenly believe that computers become useful and productive tools in everyday work.
|
Some people mistakenly believe that computers become useful and productive tools in everyday work.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
If [0], then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [2].
If [2], then [1].
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [0], then (Not [1].).).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If [0], then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If (Not (If [0], then (Not [1].).).), then [3].).
[4]
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then (Not [1].).).), then [3]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [3].).).), then (If [5], then [6].).
If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [3].).).), then (Not (If [5], then [6].).).
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [3].)..
|
{0: 'Computers become useful and productive tools in everyday work.', 1: 'Peach trees are fruit trees.', 2: 'Some sharks reach sexual maturity.', 3: "Drip irrigation sends water straight to a plant's roots with virtually no loss to evaporation.", 4: 'Herons also have broad wings and long legs.', 5: 'Red king crabs live in water.', 6: 'Schools are centres of their community, an important part of each community s life.'}
| 5 |
4,206 |
['Some people mistakenly believe that snake venoms are capable of activating many components of the hemostatic system.', "So long as discharge is happening, 'if the statement that 'mold causes health problems' is incorrect, then snake venoms are capable of activating many components of the hemostatic system' is true.", 'When dogs like to eat cat food because it is very high in protein and therefore very tasty is true, it follows that either either stevedores have to work long hours with inadequate rest and reduced manning or parents are the greatest single influence in the life of an adolescent or discharge is happening.', 'dogs like to eat cat food because it is very high in protein and therefore very tasty.', 'There is good reason to believe that either nation states are adopting protectionist policies, therefore there is globalisation or the claim that either stevedores have to work long hours with inadequate rest and reduced manning or parents are the greatest single influence in the life of an adolescent does not reflect reality.', 'It is not the case that nation states are adopting protectionist policies, therefore there is globalisation.']
|
Some people mistakenly believe that snake venoms are capable of activating many components of the hemostatic system. So long as discharge is happening, 'if the statement that 'mold causes health problems' is incorrect, then snake venoms are capable of activating many components of the hemostatic system' is true. When dogs like to eat cat food because it is very high in protein and therefore very tasty is true, it follows that either either stevedores have to work long hours with inadequate rest and reduced manning or parents are the greatest single influence in the life of an adolescent or discharge is happening. dogs like to eat cat food because it is very high in protein and therefore very tasty. There is good reason to believe that either nation states are adopting protectionist policies, therefore there is globalisation or the claim that either stevedores have to work long hours with inadequate rest and reduced manning or parents are the greatest single influence in the life of an adolescent does not reflect reality. It is not the case that nation states are adopting protectionist policies, therefore there is globalisation.
|
It is a simple truth that mold causes health problems.
|
Molds are parasitic, microscopic fungi whose spores float in the air like pollen.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
[2] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [3] or [4].) or [2]. [SC1-3]
Not (Either [3] or [4].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, [2].
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (Either (Either [3] or [4].) or [2].).
[6]
Therefore, Either (Either [3] or [4].) or [2]..
[SC2-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (Not (Either [3] or [4].).).
Not [5].
Therefore, Not (Either [3] or [4].)..
|
{0: 'Mold causes health problems.', 1: 'Snake venoms are capable of activating many components of the hemostatic system.', 2: 'Discharge is happening.', 3: 'Stevedores have to work long hours with inadequate rest and reduced manning.', 4: 'Parents are the greatest single influence in the life of an adolescent.', 5: 'Nation states are adopting protectionist policies, therefore there is globalisation.', 6: 'Dogs like to eat cat food because it is very high in protein and therefore very tasty.'}
| 5 |
4,963 |
['It is rational to believe that either cellulite tends to come with genetics and age or either biological systems function like radio sets, by coresonance or most oxygen bleaches work best in hot water.', 'It is not the case that cellulite tends to come with genetics and age.', 'We know that either king cobras swallow prey or if biological systems function like radio sets, by coresonance, then lures caught in trees or rocks can come loose when yanked and fly at high speeds.', 'It is not the case that king cobras swallow prey.', "Whenever it is true that housing subsidies are social policy's equivalent of winning the lottery, 'lures caught in trees or rocks can come loose when yanked and fly at high speeds' is true.", "So long as trash is located in pockets, 'if most oxygen bleaches work best in hot water, then housing subsidies are social policy's equivalent of winning the lottery' is true.", 'It is true that trash is located in pockets.']
|
It is rational to believe that either cellulite tends to come with genetics and age or either biological systems function like radio sets, by coresonance or most oxygen bleaches work best in hot water. It is not the case that cellulite tends to come with genetics and age. We know that either king cobras swallow prey or if biological systems function like radio sets, by coresonance, then lures caught in trees or rocks can come loose when yanked and fly at high speeds. It is not the case that king cobras swallow prey. Whenever it is true that housing subsidies are social policy's equivalent of winning the lottery, 'lures caught in trees or rocks can come loose when yanked and fly at high speeds' is true. So long as trash is located in pockets, 'if most oxygen bleaches work best in hot water, then housing subsidies are social policy's equivalent of winning the lottery' is true. It is true that trash is located in pockets.
|
The statement 'lures caught in trees or rocks can come loose when yanked and fly at high speeds' is true.
|
Most lures have a split ring attached to the eyelet.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [2], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (Either [1] or [2].).
Not [4].
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If [1], then [0].).
Not [3].
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC3-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [5]. [SC1-2]
If [5], then [0].
Therefore, If [2], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If [2], then [5].).
[6]
Therefore, If [2], then [5]..
|
{0: 'Lures caught in trees or rocks can come loose when yanked and fly at high speeds.', 1: 'Biological systems function like radio sets, by coresonance.', 2: 'Most oxygen bleaches work best in hot water.', 3: 'King cobras swallow prey.', 4: 'Cellulite tends to come with genetics and age.', 5: "Housing subsidies are social policy's equivalent of winning the lottery.", 6: 'Trash is located in pockets.'}
| 5 |
4,345 |
['One may reasonably assume that if if positive correlations exist between growth and blood concentrations of testosterone, then stingrays agitate the sand and hide beneath it, then the claim that students understand characteristics does not reflect reality.', "The statement that 'if hormonal disturbance can make our moods swings, then vehicles can alter skin absorption' is incorrect.", 'At least one of two things is true: shellfishes contain bacteria, or if turkeys feed on insects and young plants in the spring and summer, then technicians have (part) cells.', "When shellfishes contain bacteria is true, it follows that if stored procedures are the way to create routines and procedures that Are run on the server, then if the statement that 'if positive correlations exist between growth and blood concentrations of testosterone, then stingrays agitate the sand and hide beneath it' is incorrect, then if hormonal disturbance can make our moods swings, then vehicles can alter skin absorption.", "If if turkeys feed on insects and young plants in the spring and summer, then technicians have (part) cells, then if stored procedures are the way to create routines and procedures that Are run on the server, then if the statement that 'if positive correlations exist between growth and blood concentrations of testosterone, then stingrays agitate the sand and hide beneath it' is incorrect, then if hormonal disturbance can make our moods swings, then vehicles can alter skin absorption.", 'Once we know men tend to have the fat located on the lower abdomen and flanks, we also know that stored procedures are the way to create routines and procedures that Are run on the server.', 'Many people rightly believe that men tend to have the fat located on the lower abdomen and flanks.']
|
One may reasonably assume that if if positive correlations exist between growth and blood concentrations of testosterone, then stingrays agitate the sand and hide beneath it, then the claim that students understand characteristics does not reflect reality. The statement that 'if hormonal disturbance can make our moods swings, then vehicles can alter skin absorption' is incorrect. At least one of two things is true: shellfishes contain bacteria, or if turkeys feed on insects and young plants in the spring and summer, then technicians have (part) cells. When shellfishes contain bacteria is true, it follows that if stored procedures are the way to create routines and procedures that Are run on the server, then if the statement that 'if positive correlations exist between growth and blood concentrations of testosterone, then stingrays agitate the sand and hide beneath it' is incorrect, then if hormonal disturbance can make our moods swings, then vehicles can alter skin absorption. If if turkeys feed on insects and young plants in the spring and summer, then technicians have (part) cells, then if stored procedures are the way to create routines and procedures that Are run on the server, then if the statement that 'if positive correlations exist between growth and blood concentrations of testosterone, then stingrays agitate the sand and hide beneath it' is incorrect, then if hormonal disturbance can make our moods swings, then vehicles can alter skin absorption. Once we know men tend to have the fat located on the lower abdomen and flanks, we also know that stored procedures are the way to create routines and procedures that Are run on the server. Many people rightly believe that men tend to have the fat located on the lower abdomen and flanks.
|
The claim that students understand characteristics does not reflect reality.
|
The statement 'students enter levels' can be considered false.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If (If [1], then [2].), then (Not [0].).
If [1], then [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [1], then [2].).), then (If [3], then [4].). [SC1-2]
Not (If [3], then [4].).
Therefore, If [1], then [2]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (If (Not (If [1], then [2].).), then (If [3], then [4].).). [SC1-3]
[5] [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then [2].).), then (If [3], then [4].)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or (If [7], then [8].).
If [6], then (If [5], then (If (Not (If [1], then [2].).), then (If [3], then [4].).).).
If (If [7], then [8].), then (If [5], then (If (Not (If [1], then [2].).), then (If [3], then [4].).).).
Therefore, If [5], then (If (Not (If [1], then [2].).), then (If [3], then [4].).)..
[SC2-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [9], then [5].
[9]
Therefore, [5].
|
{0: 'Students understand characteristics.', 1: 'Positive correlations exist between growth and blood concentrations of testosterone.', 2: 'Stingrays agitate the sand and hide beneath it.', 3: 'Hormonal disturbance can make our moods swings.', 4: 'Vehicles can alter skin absorption.', 5: 'Stored procedures are the way to create routines and procedures that Are run on the server.', 6: 'Shellfishes contain bacteria.', 7: 'Turkeys feed on insects and young plants in the spring and summer.', 8: 'Technicians have (part) cells.', 9: 'Men tend to have the fat located on the lower abdomen and flanks.'}
| 5 |
4,313 |
['At least one of two things is true: either crop residue is also vital to maintaining organic matter levels in soils or a crystal oscillator is an oscillator, or nuclear energy has harmful effects.', 'It is the case that functions are assessed by blood tests.', 'It is a fact that either damage depends on locations or if nuclear energy has harmful effects, then tobacco is one of the most heavily advertised products in America.', "So long as those that suggest if functions are assessed by blood tests, then if either crop residue is also vital to maintaining organic matter levels in soils or a crystal oscillator is an oscillator, then tobacco is one of the most heavily advertised products in America are wrong, 'most people use books to determine the starting price of an item' is true.", 'The claim that most people use books to determine the starting price of an item does not correspond with reality.', 'There is good reason to believe that either most air has low conductivity or those that suggest damage depends on locations are wrong.', 'The claim that most air has low conductivity is false.']
|
At least one of two things is true: either crop residue is also vital to maintaining organic matter levels in soils or a crystal oscillator is an oscillator, or nuclear energy has harmful effects. It is the case that functions are assessed by blood tests. It is a fact that either damage depends on locations or if nuclear energy has harmful effects, then tobacco is one of the most heavily advertised products in America. So long as those that suggest if functions are assessed by blood tests, then if either crop residue is also vital to maintaining organic matter levels in soils or a crystal oscillator is an oscillator, then tobacco is one of the most heavily advertised products in America are wrong, 'most people use books to determine the starting price of an item' is true. The claim that most people use books to determine the starting price of an item does not correspond with reality. There is good reason to believe that either most air has low conductivity or those that suggest damage depends on locations are wrong. The claim that most air has low conductivity is false.
|
It is true that tobacco is one of the most heavily advertised products in America.
|
It is a common misconception that tobacco is one of the most heavily advertised products in America.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [3].
If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [3], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].). [SC1-2]
[4]
Therefore, If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [4], then (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].).).), then [7].
Not [7].
Therefore, If [4], then (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].)..
[SC3-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (If [3], then [0].).
Not [5]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [3], then [0]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (Not [5].).
Not [6].
Therefore, Not [5]..
|
{0: 'Tobacco is one of the most heavily advertised products in America.', 1: 'Crop residue is also vital to maintaining organic matter levels in soils.', 2: 'A crystal oscillator is an oscillator.', 3: 'Nuclear energy has harmful effects.', 4: 'Functions are assessed by blood tests.', 5: 'Damage depends on locations.', 6: 'Most air has low conductivity.', 7: 'Most people use books to determine the starting price of an item.'}
| 5 |
4,242 |
['We know that at least one of two things is true: materialism is the outlook which views material things as more important than anything else, or growth rate is higher in developing countries.', 'One may reasonably assume that if materialism is the outlook which views material things as more important than anything else, then either some plants have distribution or vanes are part of feathers.', 'When if leeches vary also in their prey and what they do when they find it, then marinades are a wonderful way to add flavor and tenderize low-fat meat or poultry is true, it follows that if growth rate is higher in developing countries, then either some plants have distribution or vanes are part of feathers.', "On the condition that the claim that either either muscle testing is a method which reveals the body's intuitive knowingness or achenes are very hairy or if leeches vary also in their prey and what they do when they find it, then marinades are a wonderful way to add flavor and tenderize low-fat meat or poultry has no merit, it is definitely the case that temporal segmentation is defined as a context switch detected by a switching of attention.", "Given that vegetative cover is sparse and limited to areas where shallow sand or gravel accumulate, it can be inferred that if either muscle testing is a method which reveals the body's intuitive knowingness or achenes are very hairy, then if growth rate is higher in developing countries, then either some plants have distribution or vanes are part of feathers.", 'It is true that vegetative cover is sparse and limited to areas where shallow sand or gravel accumulate.', 'On the condition that temporal segmentation is defined as a context switch detected by a switching of attention, it is definitely the case that if young trees are sometimes completely girdled and killed, then bone is a living tissue and is constantly being renewed.', 'Given that temporal segmentation is defined as a context switch detected by a switching of attention, it can be inferred that it is not the case that if young trees are sometimes completely girdled and killed, then bone is a living tissue and is constantly being renewed.']
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: materialism is the outlook which views material things as more important than anything else, or growth rate is higher in developing countries. One may reasonably assume that if materialism is the outlook which views material things as more important than anything else, then either some plants have distribution or vanes are part of feathers. When if leeches vary also in their prey and what they do when they find it, then marinades are a wonderful way to add flavor and tenderize low-fat meat or poultry is true, it follows that if growth rate is higher in developing countries, then either some plants have distribution or vanes are part of feathers. On the condition that the claim that either either muscle testing is a method which reveals the body's intuitive knowingness or achenes are very hairy or if leeches vary also in their prey and what they do when they find it, then marinades are a wonderful way to add flavor and tenderize low-fat meat or poultry has no merit, it is definitely the case that temporal segmentation is defined as a context switch detected by a switching of attention. Given that vegetative cover is sparse and limited to areas where shallow sand or gravel accumulate, it can be inferred that if either muscle testing is a method which reveals the body's intuitive knowingness or achenes are very hairy, then if growth rate is higher in developing countries, then either some plants have distribution or vanes are part of feathers. It is true that vegetative cover is sparse and limited to areas where shallow sand or gravel accumulate. On the condition that temporal segmentation is defined as a context switch detected by a switching of attention, it is definitely the case that if young trees are sometimes completely girdled and killed, then bone is a living tissue and is constantly being renewed. Given that temporal segmentation is defined as a context switch detected by a switching of attention, it can be inferred that it is not the case that if young trees are sometimes completely girdled and killed, then bone is a living tissue and is constantly being renewed.
|
It is a fact that either some plants have distribution or vanes are part of feathers.
|
We know that the claim that either some plants have distribution or vanes are part of feathers is false.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (Either [0] or [1].).
If [3], then (Either [0] or [1].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC3-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [4] or [5].) or (If [6], then [7].). [SC1-2]
If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If [3], then (Either [0] or [1].).). [SC2-2]
If (If [6], then [7].), then (If [3], then (Either [0] or [1].).).
Therefore, If [3], then (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either (Either [4] or [5].) or (If [6], then [7].).).), then [9].
Not [9]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, Either (Either [4] or [5].) or (If [6], then [7].)..
[SC2-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [9], then (If [10], then [11].).
If [9], then (Not (If [10], then [11].).).
Therefore, Not [9]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [8], then (If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If [3], then (Either [0] or [1].).).).
[8]
Therefore, If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If [3], then (Either [0] or [1].).)..
|
{0: 'Some plants have distribution.', 1: 'Vanes are part of feathers.', 2: 'Materialism is the outlook which views material things as more important than anything else.', 3: 'Growth rate is higher in developing countries.', 4: "Muscle testing is a method which reveals the body's intuitive knowingness.", 5: 'Achenes are very hairy.', 6: 'Leeches vary also in their prey and what they do when they find it.', 7: 'Marinades are a wonderful way to add flavor and tenderize low-fat meat or poultry.', 8: 'Vegetative cover is sparse and limited to areas where shallow sand or gravel accumulate.', 9: 'Temporal segmentation is defined as a context switch detected by a switching of attention.', 10: 'Young trees are sometimes completely girdled and killed.', 11: 'Bone is a living tissue and is constantly being renewed.'}
| 5 |
4,913 |
["Whenever it is true that the statement that 'either diurnal reptiles live in regions or nicotine causes the user to feel good for a very short time' is incorrect, 'heirs will have rights' is true.", 'Either one or both of these statements are true: an absorber is absorbent, or sexual function is an important part of their lives.', 'Given that sexual function is an important part of their lives, it can be inferred that some people mistakenly believe that most foster parents raise babies.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: some fuel lines are part of aeroplanes, or sea lions use the rocky inter tidal for rest and refuge.', 'On the condition that some fuel lines are part of aeroplanes, it is definitely the case that if heirs will have rights, then most foster parents raise babies.', "So long as sea lions use the rocky inter tidal for rest and refuge, 'if heirs will have rights, then most foster parents raise babies' is true.", 'It is a fact that either reliability is an issue of trust or if a key lime is a lime, then all forests store carbon.', 'Assuming reliability is an issue of trust, we know that if an absorber is absorbent, then some people mistakenly believe that most foster parents raise babies.', 'If if a key lime is a lime, then all forests store carbon, then if an absorber is absorbent, then some people mistakenly believe that most foster parents raise babies.']
|
Whenever it is true that the statement that 'either diurnal reptiles live in regions or nicotine causes the user to feel good for a very short time' is incorrect, 'heirs will have rights' is true. Either one or both of these statements are true: an absorber is absorbent, or sexual function is an important part of their lives. Given that sexual function is an important part of their lives, it can be inferred that some people mistakenly believe that most foster parents raise babies. We know that at least one of two things is true: some fuel lines are part of aeroplanes, or sea lions use the rocky inter tidal for rest and refuge. On the condition that some fuel lines are part of aeroplanes, it is definitely the case that if heirs will have rights, then most foster parents raise babies. So long as sea lions use the rocky inter tidal for rest and refuge, 'if heirs will have rights, then most foster parents raise babies' is true. It is a fact that either reliability is an issue of trust or if a key lime is a lime, then all forests store carbon. Assuming reliability is an issue of trust, we know that if an absorber is absorbent, then some people mistakenly believe that most foster parents raise babies. If if a key lime is a lime, then all forests store carbon, then if an absorber is absorbent, then some people mistakenly believe that most foster parents raise babies.
|
There is good reason to believe that either diurnal reptiles live in regions or nicotine causes the user to feel good for a very short time.
|
The statement, either diurnal reptiles live in regions or nicotine causes the user to feel good for a very short time, does not hold.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then [2]. [SC1-1]
Not [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then [5].
If [5], then [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [9] or [10].
If [9], then (If [5], then [2].).
If [10], then (If [5], then [2].).
Therefore, If [5], then [2]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4].
If [3], then (Not [2].). [SC2-2]
If [4], then (Not [2].).
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or (If [7], then [8].).
If [6], then (If [3], then (Not [2].).).
If (If [7], then [8].), then (If [3], then (Not [2].).).
Therefore, If [3], then (Not [2].)..
|
{0: 'Diurnal reptiles live in regions.', 1: 'Nicotine causes the user to feel good for a very short time.', 2: 'Most foster parents raise babies.', 3: 'An absorber is absorbent.', 4: 'Sexual function is an important part of their lives.', 5: 'Heirs will have rights.', 6: 'Reliability is an issue of trust.', 7: 'A key lime is a lime.', 8: 'All forests store carbon.', 9: 'Some fuel lines are part of aeroplanes.', 10: 'Sea lions use the rocky inter tidal for rest and refuge.'}
| 5 |
4,170 |
['Given that either black tea is one of three varieties of teas or wind borne salt can stunt growth, it can be inferred that police use dogs to catch bad guys and to help search for things or people.', 'It is rational to believe that either adolescence is a time when students are figuring out who they want to be or either either black tea is one of three varieties of teas or wind borne salt can stunt growth or liquidity risk includes the inability to manage unplanned decreases or changes in funding sources.', 'The claim that adolescence is a time when students are figuring out who they want to be is false.', "Whenever it is true that the claim that if the statement, if liquidity risk includes the inability to manage unplanned decreases or changes in funding sources, then police use dogs to catch bad guys and to help search for things or people, does not hold, then soils are typically the most misunderstood and undervalued resource in urban landscapes does not correspond with reality, 'starfishs look for food' is true.", 'Given that the claim that if the statement, if liquidity risk includes the inability to manage unplanned decreases or changes in funding sources, then police use dogs to catch bad guys and to help search for things or people, does not hold, then soils are typically the most misunderstood and undervalued resource in urban landscapes does not correspond with reality, it can be inferred that the statement that states starfishs look for food is false.', 'One may reasonably assume that if baptism is the immersion of a believer in water, then the statement, soils are typically the most misunderstood and undervalued resource in urban landscapes, does not hold.', 'It is fair to say that baptism is the immersion of a believer in water.']
|
Given that either black tea is one of three varieties of teas or wind borne salt can stunt growth, it can be inferred that police use dogs to catch bad guys and to help search for things or people. It is rational to believe that either adolescence is a time when students are figuring out who they want to be or either either black tea is one of three varieties of teas or wind borne salt can stunt growth or liquidity risk includes the inability to manage unplanned decreases or changes in funding sources. The claim that adolescence is a time when students are figuring out who they want to be is false. Whenever it is true that the claim that if the statement, if liquidity risk includes the inability to manage unplanned decreases or changes in funding sources, then police use dogs to catch bad guys and to help search for things or people, does not hold, then soils are typically the most misunderstood and undervalued resource in urban landscapes does not correspond with reality, 'starfishs look for food' is true. Given that the claim that if the statement, if liquidity risk includes the inability to manage unplanned decreases or changes in funding sources, then police use dogs to catch bad guys and to help search for things or people, does not hold, then soils are typically the most misunderstood and undervalued resource in urban landscapes does not correspond with reality, it can be inferred that the statement that states starfishs look for food is false. One may reasonably assume that if baptism is the immersion of a believer in water, then the statement, soils are typically the most misunderstood and undervalued resource in urban landscapes, does not hold. It is fair to say that baptism is the immersion of a believer in water.
|
It is fair to say that police use dogs to catch bad guys and to help search for things or people.
|
It is fair to say that police use dogs to catch bad guys and to help search for things or people.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [3]. [SC1-1]
If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].
If [3], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [3].).
Not [5].
Therefore, Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [3]..
[SC3-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [3], then [0].).), then [4]. [SC1-2]
Not [4]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [3], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If [3], then [0].).), then [4].).), then [6].
If (Not (If (Not (If [3], then [0].).), then [4].).), then (Not [6].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [3], then [0].).), then [4]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [7], then (Not [4].).
[7]
Therefore, Not [4]..
|
{0: 'Police use dogs to catch bad guys and to help search for things or people.', 1: 'Black tea is one of three varieties of teas.', 2: 'Wind borne salt can stunt growth.', 3: 'Liquidity risk includes the inability to manage unplanned decreases or changes in funding sources.', 4: 'Soils are typically the most misunderstood and undervalued resource in urban landscapes.', 5: 'Adolescence is a time when students are figuring out who they want to be.', 6: 'Starfishs look for food.', 7: 'Baptism is the immersion of a believer in water.'}
| 5 |
4,187 |
['Should it be the case that interventional radiologists treat blockages with techniques called angioplasty and thrombolysis , it follows that it is not true that if experiments use designs, then japan imports large quantities from the United States, South Korea , and other producers.', 'At least one of two things is true: ethnic minorities are occasional victims of incidents of discrimination, or minstrels sing, play upon the lute, and tell stories and the news of the day.', 'Once we know ethnic minorities are occasional victims of incidents of discrimination, we also know that either interventional radiologists treat blockages with techniques called angioplasty and thrombolysis or bermuda grass does very poorly in shaded areas.', 'One may reasonably assume that if minstrels sing, play upon the lute, and tell stories and the news of the day, then either interventional radiologists treat blockages with techniques called angioplasty and thrombolysis or bermuda grass does very poorly in shaded areas.', 'We know that either obesity can result in cruciate ligament rupture or if bermuda grass does very poorly in shaded areas, then it is not true that if experiments use designs, then japan imports large quantities from the United States, South Korea , and other producers.', 'At least one of two things is true: good nutrition is essential for effective learning every day, all year long, or the statement that states obesity can result in cruciate ligament rupture is false.', 'There is good reason to believe that either mothers protect infants or pollination is by insects such as thrips, flies, and bees.', 'Once we know mothers protect infants, we also know that it is not true that good nutrition is essential for effective learning every day, all year long.', "So long as pollination is by insects such as thrips, flies, and bees, 'it is not true that good nutrition is essential for effective learning every day, all year long' is true."]
|
Should it be the case that interventional radiologists treat blockages with techniques called angioplasty and thrombolysis , it follows that it is not true that if experiments use designs, then japan imports large quantities from the United States, South Korea , and other producers. At least one of two things is true: ethnic minorities are occasional victims of incidents of discrimination, or minstrels sing, play upon the lute, and tell stories and the news of the day. Once we know ethnic minorities are occasional victims of incidents of discrimination, we also know that either interventional radiologists treat blockages with techniques called angioplasty and thrombolysis or bermuda grass does very poorly in shaded areas. One may reasonably assume that if minstrels sing, play upon the lute, and tell stories and the news of the day, then either interventional radiologists treat blockages with techniques called angioplasty and thrombolysis or bermuda grass does very poorly in shaded areas. We know that either obesity can result in cruciate ligament rupture or if bermuda grass does very poorly in shaded areas, then it is not true that if experiments use designs, then japan imports large quantities from the United States, South Korea , and other producers. At least one of two things is true: good nutrition is essential for effective learning every day, all year long, or the statement that states obesity can result in cruciate ligament rupture is false. There is good reason to believe that either mothers protect infants or pollination is by insects such as thrips, flies, and bees. Once we know mothers protect infants, we also know that it is not true that good nutrition is essential for effective learning every day, all year long. So long as pollination is by insects such as thrips, flies, and bees, 'it is not true that good nutrition is essential for effective learning every day, all year long' is true.
|
It is not true that if experiments use designs, then japan imports large quantities from the United States, South Korea , and other producers.
|
The claim that experiments focus on identities has no merit.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-1]
If [2], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).
If [3], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (Either [2] or [3].).
If [5], then (Either [2] or [3].).
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC3-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (If [3], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).).
Not [6]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [3], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [7] or (Not [6].).
Not [7]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, Not [6]..
[SC2-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [8] or [9].
If [8], then (Not [7].).
If [9], then (Not [7].).
Therefore, Not [7]..
|
{0: 'Experiments use designs.', 1: 'Japan imports large quantities from the United States, South Korea , and other producers.', 2: 'Interventional radiologists treat blockages with techniques called angioplasty and thrombolysis .', 3: 'Bermuda grass does very poorly in shaded areas.', 4: 'Ethnic minorities are occasional victims of incidents of discrimination.', 5: 'Minstrels sing, play upon the lute, and tell stories and the news of the day.', 6: 'Obesity can result in cruciate ligament rupture.', 7: 'Good nutrition is essential for effective learning every day, all year long.', 8: 'Mothers protect infants.', 9: 'Pollination is by insects such as thrips, flies, and bees.'}
| 5 |
4,934 |
["Should it be the case that the notion that 'some second joints are part of sparrows' is untrue, it follows that the statement that 'caves are isolated ecosystems low in organic nutrients' is incorrect.", "Whenever it is true that theoretical chemistry uses physics to explain or predict chemical observations, 'if the notion that 'some second joints are part of sparrows' is untrue, then caves are isolated ecosystems low in organic nutrients' is true.", "One may reasonably assume that if the notion that 'either theoretical chemistry uses physics to explain or predict chemical observations or cadence is a facility cost-reduction services company that helps national chains lower costs' is untrue, then democracy is slavery to the majority.", 'It is a common misconception that democracy is slavery to the majority.', 'Once we know cadence is a facility cost-reduction services company that helps national chains lower costs, we also know that nurse mothers live in areas.', "When the claim that if nurse mothers live in areas, then if the notion that 'some second joints are part of sparrows' is untrue, then caves are isolated ecosystems low in organic nutrients does not reflect reality is true, it follows that if athletes gain mass, then chromosomes consist of long strands of DNA that typcially code for proteins.", "When the claim that if nurse mothers live in areas, then if the notion that 'some second joints are part of sparrows' is untrue, then caves are isolated ecosystems low in organic nutrients does not reflect reality is true, it follows that the statement that states if athletes gain mass, then chromosomes consist of long strands of DNA that typcially code for proteins is false."]
|
Should it be the case that the notion that 'some second joints are part of sparrows' is untrue, it follows that the statement that 'caves are isolated ecosystems low in organic nutrients' is incorrect. Whenever it is true that theoretical chemistry uses physics to explain or predict chemical observations, 'if the notion that 'some second joints are part of sparrows' is untrue, then caves are isolated ecosystems low in organic nutrients' is true. One may reasonably assume that if the notion that 'either theoretical chemistry uses physics to explain or predict chemical observations or cadence is a facility cost-reduction services company that helps national chains lower costs' is untrue, then democracy is slavery to the majority. It is a common misconception that democracy is slavery to the majority. Once we know cadence is a facility cost-reduction services company that helps national chains lower costs, we also know that nurse mothers live in areas. When the claim that if nurse mothers live in areas, then if the notion that 'some second joints are part of sparrows' is untrue, then caves are isolated ecosystems low in organic nutrients does not reflect reality is true, it follows that if athletes gain mass, then chromosomes consist of long strands of DNA that typcially code for proteins. When the claim that if nurse mothers live in areas, then if the notion that 'some second joints are part of sparrows' is untrue, then caves are isolated ecosystems low in organic nutrients does not reflect reality is true, it follows that the statement that states if athletes gain mass, then chromosomes consist of long strands of DNA that typcially code for proteins is false.
|
The claim that some second joints are part of sparrows holds true.
|
The claim that some second joints are part of sparrows holds true.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [2] or [3].).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC3-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [3], then [5].
If [5], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC2-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [5], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).), then (If [6], then [7].).
If (Not (If [5], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).), then (Not (If [6], then [7].).).
Therefore, If [5], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
|
{0: 'Some second joints are part of sparrows.', 1: 'Caves are isolated ecosystems low in organic nutrients.', 2: 'Theoretical chemistry uses physics to explain or predict chemical observations.', 3: 'Cadence is a facility cost-reduction services company that helps national chains lower costs.', 4: 'Democracy is slavery to the majority.', 5: 'Nurse mothers live in areas.', 6: 'Athletes gain mass.', 7: 'Chromosomes consist of long strands of DNA that typcially code for proteins.'}
| 5 |
4,133 |
['At least one of two things is true: competitive markets can lead to efficient operations in both the public and private sector, or some kestrels eat small animals.', "So long as competitive markets can lead to efficient operations in both the public and private sector, 'either turtles are reptiles with short, broad bodies enclosed in a bony shell or most hamsters are descended from hamsters' is true.", "So long as some kestrels eat small animals, 'either turtles are reptiles with short, broad bodies enclosed in a bony shell or most hamsters are descended from hamsters' is true.", 'On the condition that turtles are reptiles with short, broad bodies enclosed in a bony shell, it is definitely the case that most white tigers have dark stripes.', "So long as most white tigers have dark stripes, 'it is a common misconception that materials move into and out of the atmosphere in cycles' is true.", "Whenever it is true that orchids are, however, often epiphytic with conspicuous adventitious roots , 'if most white tigers have dark stripes, then materials move into and out of the atmosphere in cycles' is true.", "The statement 'orchids are, however, often epiphytic with conspicuous adventitious roots ' is true."]
|
At least one of two things is true: competitive markets can lead to efficient operations in both the public and private sector, or some kestrels eat small animals. So long as competitive markets can lead to efficient operations in both the public and private sector, 'either turtles are reptiles with short, broad bodies enclosed in a bony shell or most hamsters are descended from hamsters' is true. So long as some kestrels eat small animals, 'either turtles are reptiles with short, broad bodies enclosed in a bony shell or most hamsters are descended from hamsters' is true. On the condition that turtles are reptiles with short, broad bodies enclosed in a bony shell, it is definitely the case that most white tigers have dark stripes. So long as most white tigers have dark stripes, 'it is a common misconception that materials move into and out of the atmosphere in cycles' is true. Whenever it is true that orchids are, however, often epiphytic with conspicuous adventitious roots , 'if most white tigers have dark stripes, then materials move into and out of the atmosphere in cycles' is true. The statement 'orchids are, however, often epiphytic with conspicuous adventitious roots ' is true.
|
Many people rightly believe that most hamsters are descended from hamsters.
|
Hamsters like to eat seeds, grains, nuts, cracked corn, fruits and vegetables.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (Either [1] or [0].).
If [3], then (Either [1] or [0].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If [1], then [4].
Not [4]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [4], then [5]. [SC1-3]
If [4], then (Not [5].).
Therefore, Not [4]..
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If [4], then [5].).
[6]
Therefore, If [4], then [5]..
|
{0: 'Most hamsters are descended from hamsters.', 1: 'Turtles are reptiles with short, broad bodies enclosed in a bony shell.', 2: 'Competitive markets can lead to efficient operations in both the public and private sector.', 3: 'Some kestrels eat small animals.', 4: 'Most white tigers have dark stripes.', 5: 'Materials move into and out of the atmosphere in cycles.', 6: 'Orchids are, however, often epiphytic with conspicuous adventitious roots .'}
| 5 |
4,301 |
['If most tall men marry women, then diatoms grow as single cells or form filaments and simple colonies.', 'Should it be the case that diatoms grow as single cells or form filaments and simple colonies, it follows that most flowers have same color.', 'At least one of two things is true: either most flies prefer to lay eggs in meat but are happy with veggies too, especially fruit flies or some frogs eat salamanders, or ultimate explanations focus on things that occur in populations over many generations.', 'If ultimate explanations focus on things that occur in populations over many generations, then the claim that most flowers have same color has no merit.', 'It is a common misconception that television is the art of illusion.', 'We know that either freedom of assembly is the right to get together in a group to protest or either television is the art of illusion or if either most flies prefer to lay eggs in meat but are happy with veggies too, especially fruit flies or some frogs eat salamanders, then the claim that most flowers have same color has no merit.', "The statement that 'freedom of assembly is the right to get together in a group to protest' is incorrect."]
|
If most tall men marry women, then diatoms grow as single cells or form filaments and simple colonies. Should it be the case that diatoms grow as single cells or form filaments and simple colonies, it follows that most flowers have same color. At least one of two things is true: either most flies prefer to lay eggs in meat but are happy with veggies too, especially fruit flies or some frogs eat salamanders, or ultimate explanations focus on things that occur in populations over many generations. If ultimate explanations focus on things that occur in populations over many generations, then the claim that most flowers have same color has no merit. It is a common misconception that television is the art of illusion. We know that either freedom of assembly is the right to get together in a group to protest or either television is the art of illusion or if either most flies prefer to lay eggs in meat but are happy with veggies too, especially fruit flies or some frogs eat salamanders, then the claim that most flowers have same color has no merit. The statement that 'freedom of assembly is the right to get together in a group to protest' is incorrect.
|
We know that the claim that most tall men marry women is false.
|
We know that the claim that most tall men marry women is false.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [2].
If [2], then [1].
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [3] or [4].) or [5].
If (Either [3] or [4].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-2]
If [5], then (Not [1].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (If (Either [3] or [4].), then (Not [1].).). [SC1-3]
Not [6].
Therefore, If (Either [3] or [4].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [7] or (Either [6] or (If (Either [3] or [4].), then (Not [1].).).).
Not [7].
Therefore, Either [6] or (If (Either [3] or [4].), then (Not [1].).)..
|
{0: 'Most tall men marry women.', 1: 'Most flowers have same color.', 2: 'Diatoms grow as single cells or form filaments and simple colonies.', 3: 'Most flies prefer to lay eggs in meat but are happy with veggies too, especially fruit flies.', 4: 'Some frogs eat salamanders.', 5: 'Ultimate explanations focus on things that occur in populations over many generations.', 6: 'Television is the art of illusion.', 7: 'Freedom of assembly is the right to get together in a group to protest.'}
| 5 |
4,731 |
['It is rational to believe that either schools are part of school systems or serious depression is an important public health problem.', 'Should it be the case that serious depression is an important public health problem, it follows that if genetic testing is the most specific diagnostic test for harlequin ichthyosis, then allopatric speciation is the easiest to understand, particularly on oceanic islands.', "So long as allopatric speciation is the easiest to understand, particularly on oceanic islands, 'most cockroaches live in groups' is true.", "When allopatric speciation is the easiest to understand, particularly on oceanic islands is true, it follows that the statement 'most cockroaches live in groups' can be considered false.", 'On the condition that many seeds contain quite large quantities of oils, it is definitely the case that if schools are part of school systems, then if genetic testing is the most specific diagnostic test for harlequin ichthyosis, then allopatric speciation is the easiest to understand, particularly on oceanic islands.', "So long as if urochordates are unknown as fossils, then stress is thought to contribute to depression, 'if schools are part of school systems, then if genetic testing is the most specific diagnostic test for harlequin ichthyosis, then allopatric speciation is the easiest to understand, particularly on oceanic islands' is true.", 'Either one or both of these statements are true: a cup is a container, or gorillas have (part) cells.', 'Once we know a cup is a container, we also know that either many seeds contain quite large quantities of oils or if urochordates are unknown as fossils, then stress is thought to contribute to depression.', "Whenever it is true that gorillas have (part) cells, 'either many seeds contain quite large quantities of oils or if urochordates are unknown as fossils, then stress is thought to contribute to depression' is true."]
|
It is rational to believe that either schools are part of school systems or serious depression is an important public health problem. Should it be the case that serious depression is an important public health problem, it follows that if genetic testing is the most specific diagnostic test for harlequin ichthyosis, then allopatric speciation is the easiest to understand, particularly on oceanic islands. So long as allopatric speciation is the easiest to understand, particularly on oceanic islands, 'most cockroaches live in groups' is true. When allopatric speciation is the easiest to understand, particularly on oceanic islands is true, it follows that the statement 'most cockroaches live in groups' can be considered false. On the condition that many seeds contain quite large quantities of oils, it is definitely the case that if schools are part of school systems, then if genetic testing is the most specific diagnostic test for harlequin ichthyosis, then allopatric speciation is the easiest to understand, particularly on oceanic islands. So long as if urochordates are unknown as fossils, then stress is thought to contribute to depression, 'if schools are part of school systems, then if genetic testing is the most specific diagnostic test for harlequin ichthyosis, then allopatric speciation is the easiest to understand, particularly on oceanic islands' is true. Either one or both of these statements are true: a cup is a container, or gorillas have (part) cells. Once we know a cup is a container, we also know that either many seeds contain quite large quantities of oils or if urochordates are unknown as fossils, then stress is thought to contribute to depression. Whenever it is true that gorillas have (part) cells, 'either many seeds contain quite large quantities of oils or if urochordates are unknown as fossils, then stress is thought to contribute to depression' is true.
|
The notion that 'genetic testing is the most specific diagnostic test for harlequin ichthyosis' is untrue.
|
It is not true that genetic testing is now available for a number of hereditary cancer syndromes.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4].
If [3], then (If [0], then [1].). [SC2-2]
If [4], then (If [0], then [1].).
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or (If [6], then [7].). [SC1-3]
If [5], then (If [3], then (If [0], then [1].).).
If (If [6], then [7].), then (If [3], then (If [0], then [1].).).
Therefore, If [3], then (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [8] or [9].
If [8], then (Either [5] or (If [6], then [7].).).
If [9], then (Either [5] or (If [6], then [7].).).
Therefore, Either [5] or (If [6], then [7].)..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [1], then [2].
If [1], then (Not [2].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Genetic testing is the most specific diagnostic test for harlequin ichthyosis.', 1: 'Allopatric speciation is the easiest to understand, particularly on oceanic islands.', 2: 'Most cockroaches live in groups.', 3: 'Schools are part of school systems.', 4: 'Serious depression is an important public health problem.', 5: 'Many seeds contain quite large quantities of oils.', 6: 'Urochordates are unknown as fossils.', 7: 'Stress is thought to contribute to depression.', 8: 'A cup is a container.', 9: 'Gorillas have (part) cells.'}
| 5 |
4,670 |
['Assuming if protectionism is self-defeating and antiquated, then hamburgers are junk food, we know that electricity triggers energy.', 'One may reasonably assume that if statistics show that nearly all sexual assaults are committed by men against women or children, then if if protectionism is self-defeating and antiquated, then hamburgers are junk food, then the statement, electricity triggers energy, does not hold.', "We know that at least one of two things is true: minced scallions are an easy way to add a hit of onion flavor to a dish, even after it's cooked, or either lewy bodies are also present in cells in the cortex of AD patients or psychologists study thoughts and feelings, sociologists groups and how they're put together.", "On the condition that minced scallions are an easy way to add a hit of onion flavor to a dish, even after it's cooked, it is definitely the case that some flags consist of horizontal bands.", "Should it be the case that either lewy bodies are also present in cells in the cortex of AD patients or psychologists study thoughts and feelings, sociologists groups and how they're put together, it follows that statistics show that nearly all sexual assaults are committed by men against women or children.", 'Those that suggest gradient wind consists of pressure gradient forces are wrong.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: plants are useful in many ways, or if it is not the case that if some flags consist of horizontal bands, then if if protectionism is self-defeating and antiquated, then hamburgers are junk food, then the statement, electricity triggers energy, does not hold, then gradient wind consists of pressure gradient forces.', 'The statement, plants are useful in many ways, does not hold.']
|
Assuming if protectionism is self-defeating and antiquated, then hamburgers are junk food, we know that electricity triggers energy. One may reasonably assume that if statistics show that nearly all sexual assaults are committed by men against women or children, then if if protectionism is self-defeating and antiquated, then hamburgers are junk food, then the statement, electricity triggers energy, does not hold. We know that at least one of two things is true: minced scallions are an easy way to add a hit of onion flavor to a dish, even after it's cooked, or either lewy bodies are also present in cells in the cortex of AD patients or psychologists study thoughts and feelings, sociologists groups and how they're put together. On the condition that minced scallions are an easy way to add a hit of onion flavor to a dish, even after it's cooked, it is definitely the case that some flags consist of horizontal bands. Should it be the case that either lewy bodies are also present in cells in the cortex of AD patients or psychologists study thoughts and feelings, sociologists groups and how they're put together, it follows that statistics show that nearly all sexual assaults are committed by men against women or children. Those that suggest gradient wind consists of pressure gradient forces are wrong. Either one or both of these statements are true: plants are useful in many ways, or if it is not the case that if some flags consist of horizontal bands, then if if protectionism is self-defeating and antiquated, then hamburgers are junk food, then the statement, electricity triggers energy, does not hold, then gradient wind consists of pressure gradient forces. The statement, plants are useful in many ways, does not hold.
|
It is a common misconception that if protectionism is self-defeating and antiquated, then hamburgers are junk food.
|
It is a common misconception that if protectionism is self-defeating and antiquated, then hamburgers are junk food.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (If [0], then [1].), then [2].
If (If [0], then [1].), then (Not [2].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4]. [SC1-2]
If [3], then (If (If [0], then [1].), then (Not [2].).). [SC2-2]
If [4], then (If (If [0], then [1].), then (Not [2].).).
Therefore, If (If [0], then [1].), then (Not [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [5] or (Either [6] or [7].).
If [5], then [3].
If (Either [6] or [7].), then [4].
Therefore, Either [3] or [4]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [3], then (If (If [0], then [1].), then (Not [2].).).).), then [8]. [SC1-3]
Not [8].
Therefore, If [3], then (If (If [0], then [1].), then (Not [2].).)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [9] or (If (Not (If [3], then (If (If [0], then [1].), then (Not [2].).).).), then [8].).
Not [9].
Therefore, If (Not (If [3], then (If (If [0], then [1].), then (Not [2].).).).), then [8]..
|
{0: 'Protectionism is self-defeating and antiquated.', 1: 'Hamburgers are junk food.', 2: 'Electricity triggers energy.', 3: 'Some flags consist of horizontal bands.', 4: 'Statistics show that nearly all sexual assaults are committed by men against women or children.', 5: "Minced scallions are an easy way to add a hit of onion flavor to a dish, even after it's cooked.", 6: 'Lewy bodies are also present in cells in the cortex of AD patients.', 7: "Psychologists study thoughts and feelings, sociologists groups and how they're put together.", 8: 'Gradient wind consists of pressure gradient forces.', 9: 'Plants are useful in many ways.'}
| 5 |
4,318 |
["On the condition that the notion that 'rape prevention is the responsibility of men just as much as women' is untrue, it is definitely the case that food is distributed from the intestine to all the cells of the body by blood.", 'It is rational to believe that either if all water naturally contains some fluoride, then fast Food Try to avoid fast food restaurants as an option for a meal or most species are perennial bunch growers, but some form sods.', "Whenever it is true that most species are perennial bunch growers, but some form sods, 'it is not the case that selenium is a naturally occurring antioxidant' is true.", 'We know that at least one of two things is true: most insects have life, or if food is distributed from the intestine to all the cells of the body by blood, then selenium is a naturally occurring antioxidant.', 'The claim that most insects have life does not reflect reality.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: socialism means a society restructured according to the working-class principle of solidarity, or fungi reproduce asexually and sexually.', "So long as socialism means a society restructured according to the working-class principle of solidarity, 'if if all water naturally contains some fluoride, then fast Food Try to avoid fast food restaurants as an option for a meal, then it is not the case that selenium is a naturally occurring antioxidant' is true.", "Whenever it is true that fungi reproduce asexually and sexually, 'if if all water naturally contains some fluoride, then fast Food Try to avoid fast food restaurants as an option for a meal, then it is not the case that selenium is a naturally occurring antioxidant' is true."]
|
On the condition that the notion that 'rape prevention is the responsibility of men just as much as women' is untrue, it is definitely the case that food is distributed from the intestine to all the cells of the body by blood. It is rational to believe that either if all water naturally contains some fluoride, then fast Food Try to avoid fast food restaurants as an option for a meal or most species are perennial bunch growers, but some form sods. Whenever it is true that most species are perennial bunch growers, but some form sods, 'it is not the case that selenium is a naturally occurring antioxidant' is true. We know that at least one of two things is true: most insects have life, or if food is distributed from the intestine to all the cells of the body by blood, then selenium is a naturally occurring antioxidant. The claim that most insects have life does not reflect reality. We know that at least one of two things is true: socialism means a society restructured according to the working-class principle of solidarity, or fungi reproduce asexually and sexually. So long as socialism means a society restructured according to the working-class principle of solidarity, 'if if all water naturally contains some fluoride, then fast Food Try to avoid fast food restaurants as an option for a meal, then it is not the case that selenium is a naturally occurring antioxidant' is true. Whenever it is true that fungi reproduce asexually and sexually, 'if if all water naturally contains some fluoride, then fast Food Try to avoid fast food restaurants as an option for a meal, then it is not the case that selenium is a naturally occurring antioxidant' is true.
|
It is a simple truth that rape prevention is the responsibility of men just as much as women.
|
It is a simple truth that rape prevention is the responsibility of men just as much as women.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then [5].
If [5], then [1]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (If [5], then [1].).
Not [6].
Therefore, If [5], then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [2], then [3].) or [4].
If (If [2], then [3].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-2]
If [4], then (Not [1].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [7] or [8].
If [7], then (If (If [2], then [3].), then (Not [1].).).
If [8], then (If (If [2], then [3].), then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If (If [2], then [3].), then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Rape prevention is the responsibility of men just as much as women.', 1: 'Selenium is a naturally occurring antioxidant.', 2: 'All water naturally contains some fluoride.', 3: 'Fast Food Try to avoid fast food restaurants as an option for a meal.', 4: 'Most species are perennial bunch growers, but some form sods.', 5: 'Food is distributed from the intestine to all the cells of the body by blood.', 6: 'Most insects have life.', 7: 'Socialism means a society restructured according to the working-class principle of solidarity.', 8: 'Fungi reproduce asexually and sexually.'}
| 5 |
4,078 |
["One may reasonably assume that if the notion that 'low temperatures make manure more viscous, as does drying during hot weather' is untrue, then school is a place where kids feel safe.", 'Either one or both of these statements are true: communicating are used for education, or telomeres are a specialized structure at the ends of each chromosomal arm.', "So long as telomeres are a specialized structure at the ends of each chromosomal arm, 'if the notion that 'low temperatures make manure more viscous, as does drying during hot weather' is untrue, then some people mistakenly believe that school is a place where kids feel safe' is true.", "Given that we know that the claim that if communicating are used for education, then if the notion that 'low temperatures make manure more viscous, as does drying during hot weather' is untrue, then some people mistakenly believe that school is a place where kids feel safe is false, it can be inferred that the statement, either turf irrigation is critical for healthy grass or technical communication is defined by the characteristics that it entails, does not hold.", "The statement 'crime is seen as more than simply a violation of the criminal law' can be considered true.", "Whenever it is true that most high moisture stimulates mold growth, 'if crime is seen as more than simply a violation of the criminal law, then if we know that the claim that if communicating are used for education, then if the notion that 'low temperatures make manure more viscous, as does drying during hot weather' is untrue, then some people mistakenly believe that school is a place where kids feel safe is false, then either turf irrigation is critical for healthy grass or technical communication is defined by the characteristics that it entails' is true.", 'most high moisture stimulates mold growth.']
|
One may reasonably assume that if the notion that 'low temperatures make manure more viscous, as does drying during hot weather' is untrue, then school is a place where kids feel safe. Either one or both of these statements are true: communicating are used for education, or telomeres are a specialized structure at the ends of each chromosomal arm. So long as telomeres are a specialized structure at the ends of each chromosomal arm, 'if the notion that 'low temperatures make manure more viscous, as does drying during hot weather' is untrue, then some people mistakenly believe that school is a place where kids feel safe' is true. Given that we know that the claim that if communicating are used for education, then if the notion that 'low temperatures make manure more viscous, as does drying during hot weather' is untrue, then some people mistakenly believe that school is a place where kids feel safe is false, it can be inferred that the statement, either turf irrigation is critical for healthy grass or technical communication is defined by the characteristics that it entails, does not hold. The statement 'crime is seen as more than simply a violation of the criminal law' can be considered true. Whenever it is true that most high moisture stimulates mold growth, 'if crime is seen as more than simply a violation of the criminal law, then if we know that the claim that if communicating are used for education, then if the notion that 'low temperatures make manure more viscous, as does drying during hot weather' is untrue, then some people mistakenly believe that school is a place where kids feel safe is false, then either turf irrigation is critical for healthy grass or technical communication is defined by the characteristics that it entails' is true. most high moisture stimulates mold growth.
|
It is true that low temperatures make manure more viscous, as does drying during hot weather.
|
The statement that states low temperatures make manure more viscous, as does drying during hot weather is false.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1].
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).). [SC2-2]
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).).), then (Either [4] or [5].). [SC1-3]
If (Not (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).).), then (Not (Either [4] or [5].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).)..
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If (Not (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).).), then (Either [4] or [5].).). [SC1-4]
[6]
Therefore, If (Not (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).).), then (Either [4] or [5].)..
[SC1-4]
Modus Ponens:
If [7], then (If [6], then (If (Not (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).).), then (Either [4] or [5].).).).
[7]
Therefore, If [6], then (If (Not (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).).), then (Either [4] or [5].).)..
|
{0: 'Low temperatures make manure more viscous, as does drying during hot weather.', 1: 'School is a place where kids feel safe.', 2: 'Communicating are used for education.', 3: 'Telomeres are a specialized structure at the ends of each chromosomal arm.', 4: 'Turf irrigation is critical for healthy grass.', 5: 'Technical communication is defined by the characteristics that it entails.', 6: 'Crime is seen as more than simply a violation of the criminal law.', 7: 'Most high moisture stimulates mold growth.'}
| 5 |
4,521 |
['When it is not the case that fractals are computer generated graphics based on mathematical equations is true, it follows that compliance is cooperation.', "The statement that 'compliance is cooperation' is incorrect.", 'There is good reason to believe that either if most metal has antimicrobial properties, then chairs are made of wood or if abundances vary over seasons, then some skeletons are made of flexible cartilages.', "Whenever it is true that if most metal has antimicrobial properties, then chairs are made of wood, 'if pond pine produces copious amounts of red-colored pitch, then if fractals are computer generated graphics based on mathematical equations, then either naturalists study water quality, rare plants, and plant succession at Jug Bay or values are the self-motivators that indicate what is most important in our lives' is true.", 'Assuming if abundances vary over seasons, then some skeletons are made of flexible cartilages, we know that if pond pine produces copious amounts of red-colored pitch, then if fractals are computer generated graphics based on mathematical equations, then either naturalists study water quality, rare plants, and plant succession at Jug Bay or values are the self-motivators that indicate what is most important in our lives.', 'There is good reason to believe that either most frogs use powerful legs or some voltage is produced by cuttlefishs.', 'Once we know most frogs use powerful legs, we also know that pond pine produces copious amounts of red-colored pitch.', 'On the condition that some voltage is produced by cuttlefishs, it is definitely the case that pond pine produces copious amounts of red-colored pitch.']
|
When it is not the case that fractals are computer generated graphics based on mathematical equations is true, it follows that compliance is cooperation. The statement that 'compliance is cooperation' is incorrect. There is good reason to believe that either if most metal has antimicrobial properties, then chairs are made of wood or if abundances vary over seasons, then some skeletons are made of flexible cartilages. Whenever it is true that if most metal has antimicrobial properties, then chairs are made of wood, 'if pond pine produces copious amounts of red-colored pitch, then if fractals are computer generated graphics based on mathematical equations, then either naturalists study water quality, rare plants, and plant succession at Jug Bay or values are the self-motivators that indicate what is most important in our lives' is true. Assuming if abundances vary over seasons, then some skeletons are made of flexible cartilages, we know that if pond pine produces copious amounts of red-colored pitch, then if fractals are computer generated graphics based on mathematical equations, then either naturalists study water quality, rare plants, and plant succession at Jug Bay or values are the self-motivators that indicate what is most important in our lives. There is good reason to believe that either most frogs use powerful legs or some voltage is produced by cuttlefishs. Once we know most frogs use powerful legs, we also know that pond pine produces copious amounts of red-colored pitch. On the condition that some voltage is produced by cuttlefishs, it is definitely the case that pond pine produces copious amounts of red-colored pitch.
|
Either naturalists study water quality, rare plants, and plant succession at Jug Bay or values are the self-motivators that indicate what is most important in our lives.
|
The claim that either naturalists study water quality, rare plants, and plant succession at Jug Bay or values are the self-motivators that indicate what is most important in our lives has no merit.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (Either [0] or [1].). [SC1-1]
[2] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (If [2], then (Either [0] or [1].).). [SC1-2]
[3] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [2], then (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [5], then [6].) or (If [7], then [8].).
If (If [5], then [6].), then (If [3], then (If [2], then (Either [0] or [1].).).).
If (If [7], then [8].), then (If [3], then (If [2], then (Either [0] or [1].).).).
Therefore, If [3], then (If [2], then (Either [0] or [1].).)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [9] or [10].
If [9], then [3].
If [10], then [3].
Therefore, [3].
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [2].), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, [2].
|
{0: 'Naturalists study water quality, rare plants, and plant succession at Jug Bay.', 1: 'Values are the self-motivators that indicate what is most important in our lives.', 2: 'Fractals are computer generated graphics based on mathematical equations.', 3: 'Pond pine produces copious amounts of red-colored pitch.', 4: 'Compliance is cooperation.', 5: 'Most metal has antimicrobial properties.', 6: 'Chairs are made of wood.', 7: 'Abundances vary over seasons.', 8: 'Some skeletons are made of flexible cartilages.', 9: 'Most frogs use powerful legs.', 10: 'Some voltage is produced by cuttlefishs.'}
| 5 |
4,346 |
["Provided that wind is created due to the sun's inability to evenly heat the atmosphere of the earth, we know that if cities have environments, then antibiotics are usually successful in treating mild or early infections of chlamydia.", 'Once we know either most Ordovician rocks are rich in fossils or appeals courts are courts, we also know that if cities have environments, then antibiotics are usually successful in treating mild or early infections of chlamydia.', "Whenever it is true that we know that the claim that either wind is created due to the sun's inability to evenly heat the atmosphere of the earth or either most Ordovician rocks are rich in fossils or appeals courts are courts is false, 'some people mistakenly believe that aardwolfs survive in natural habitats' is true.", "Assuming the statement that states if those that suggest if we know that the claim that either wind is created due to the sun's inability to evenly heat the atmosphere of the earth or either most Ordovician rocks are rich in fossils or appeals courts are courts is false, then aardwolfs survive in natural habitats are wrong, then porcine insulin is especially close to the human version is false, we know that if grebes are fed feathers with which to line the stomach, and so protect it from fish bones, then modern astrophysics is the laboratory for relativity.", "Assuming the statement that states if those that suggest if we know that the claim that either wind is created due to the sun's inability to evenly heat the atmosphere of the earth or either most Ordovician rocks are rich in fossils or appeals courts are courts is false, then aardwolfs survive in natural habitats are wrong, then porcine insulin is especially close to the human version is false, we know that the notion that 'if grebes are fed feathers with which to line the stomach, and so protect it from fish bones, then modern astrophysics is the laboratory for relativity' is untrue.", 'One may reasonably assume that if porcine insulin is especially close to the human version, then humidity is a condition.', "If porcine insulin is especially close to the human version, then the statement that 'humidity is a condition' is incorrect."]
|
Provided that wind is created due to the sun's inability to evenly heat the atmosphere of the earth, we know that if cities have environments, then antibiotics are usually successful in treating mild or early infections of chlamydia. Once we know either most Ordovician rocks are rich in fossils or appeals courts are courts, we also know that if cities have environments, then antibiotics are usually successful in treating mild or early infections of chlamydia. Whenever it is true that we know that the claim that either wind is created due to the sun's inability to evenly heat the atmosphere of the earth or either most Ordovician rocks are rich in fossils or appeals courts are courts is false, 'some people mistakenly believe that aardwolfs survive in natural habitats' is true. Assuming the statement that states if those that suggest if we know that the claim that either wind is created due to the sun's inability to evenly heat the atmosphere of the earth or either most Ordovician rocks are rich in fossils or appeals courts are courts is false, then aardwolfs survive in natural habitats are wrong, then porcine insulin is especially close to the human version is false, we know that if grebes are fed feathers with which to line the stomach, and so protect it from fish bones, then modern astrophysics is the laboratory for relativity. Assuming the statement that states if those that suggest if we know that the claim that either wind is created due to the sun's inability to evenly heat the atmosphere of the earth or either most Ordovician rocks are rich in fossils or appeals courts are courts is false, then aardwolfs survive in natural habitats are wrong, then porcine insulin is especially close to the human version is false, we know that the notion that 'if grebes are fed feathers with which to line the stomach, and so protect it from fish bones, then modern astrophysics is the laboratory for relativity' is untrue. One may reasonably assume that if porcine insulin is especially close to the human version, then humidity is a condition. If porcine insulin is especially close to the human version, then the statement that 'humidity is a condition' is incorrect.
|
So long as cities have environments, 'antibiotics are usually successful in treating mild or early infections of chlamydia' is true.
|
The claim that if cities have environments, then antibiotics are usually successful in treating mild or early infections of chlamydia does not correspond with reality.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].). [SC1-1]
If [2], then (If [0], then [1].).
If (Either [3] or [4].), then (If [0], then [1].).
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].).).), then [5]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].).).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].).).), then [5].).), then [6]. [SC1-3]
Not [6]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not (Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].).).), then [5]..
[SC1-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not (Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].).).), then [5].).), then [6].).), then (If [8], then [9].).
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not (Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].).).), then [5].).), then [6].).), then (Not (If [8], then [9].).).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (Either [2] or (Either [3] or [4].).).), then [5].).), then [6]..
[SC2-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [6], then [7].
If [6], then (Not [7].).
Therefore, Not [6]..
|
{0: 'Cities have environments.', 1: 'Antibiotics are usually successful in treating mild or early infections of chlamydia.', 2: "Wind is created due to the sun's inability to evenly heat the atmosphere of the earth.", 3: 'Most Ordovician rocks are rich in fossils.', 4: 'Appeals courts are courts.', 5: 'Aardwolfs survive in natural habitats.', 6: 'Porcine insulin is especially close to the human version.', 7: 'Humidity is a condition.', 8: 'Grebes are fed feathers with which to line the stomach, and so protect it from fish bones.', 9: 'Modern astrophysics is the laboratory for relativity.'}
| 5 |
4,198 |
["So long as the statement, if height causes large areas of the earth to blend into almost distinct patches of color, then carbohydrates stored in the roots fuel the growth of new shoots each season, does not hold, 'vegetarians find cheese' is true.", 'It is fair to say that hammerheads gather in large schools for hunting, migration and social purposes.', 'Assuming sunlight also foils most efforts to sneak up on prey, we know that if the statement, if height causes large areas of the earth to blend into almost distinct patches of color, then carbohydrates stored in the roots fuel the growth of new shoots each season, does not hold, then it is a common misconception that vegetarians find cheese.', 'The claim that sunlight also foils most efforts to sneak up on prey holds true.', "So long as perches are carnivores and inhabit quiet ponds, lakes, streams, and rivers, 'if hammerheads gather in large schools for hunting, migration and social purposes, then height causes large areas of the earth to blend into almost distinct patches of color' is true.", 'The claim that perches are carnivores and inhabit quiet ponds, lakes, streams, and rivers holds true.']
|
So long as the statement, if height causes large areas of the earth to blend into almost distinct patches of color, then carbohydrates stored in the roots fuel the growth of new shoots each season, does not hold, 'vegetarians find cheese' is true. It is fair to say that hammerheads gather in large schools for hunting, migration and social purposes. Assuming sunlight also foils most efforts to sneak up on prey, we know that if the statement, if height causes large areas of the earth to blend into almost distinct patches of color, then carbohydrates stored in the roots fuel the growth of new shoots each season, does not hold, then it is a common misconception that vegetarians find cheese. The claim that sunlight also foils most efforts to sneak up on prey holds true. So long as perches are carnivores and inhabit quiet ponds, lakes, streams, and rivers, 'if hammerheads gather in large schools for hunting, migration and social purposes, then height causes large areas of the earth to blend into almost distinct patches of color' is true. The claim that perches are carnivores and inhabit quiet ponds, lakes, streams, and rivers holds true.
|
The claim that carbohydrates stored in the roots fuel the growth of new shoots each season holds true.
|
Carbohydrate breaks down into glucose in the digestive system.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [2].
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not [2].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not [2].).).
[4]
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not [2].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then [1]. [SC1-2]
[3]
Therefore, [1].
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (If [3], then [1].).
[5]
Therefore, If [3], then [1]..
|
{0: 'Carbohydrates stored in the roots fuel the growth of new shoots each season.', 1: 'Height causes large areas of the earth to blend into almost distinct patches of color.', 2: 'Vegetarians find cheese.', 3: 'Hammerheads gather in large schools for hunting, migration and social purposes.', 4: 'Sunlight also foils most efforts to sneak up on prey.', 5: 'Perches are carnivores and inhabit quiet ponds, lakes, streams, and rivers.'}
| 5 |
4,865 |
['The claim that either some people live in fear and anxiety about it or pulsed light kills high levels of microorganisms and deactivates certain enzymes with high speed has no merit.', 'It is not the case that mangrove trees are trees.', 'Given that china paper is a very thin paper, originally made in China, which is used for chine appliqu prints, it can be inferred that either either some people live in fear and anxiety about it or pulsed light kills high levels of microorganisms and deactivates certain enzymes with high speed or if the claim that fish are one of the many species that participate in the food chain is false, then all computer memory forgets everything it holds when power to it is shut off.', 'It is fair to say that china paper is a very thin paper, originally made in China, which is used for chine appliqu prints.', "At least one of two things is true: carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth, and is broken down with the enzymes in saliva, or either mangrove trees are trees or the notion that 'all computer memory forgets everything it holds when power to it is shut off' is untrue.", 'The claim that carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth, and is broken down with the enzymes in saliva has no merit.']
|
The claim that either some people live in fear and anxiety about it or pulsed light kills high levels of microorganisms and deactivates certain enzymes with high speed has no merit. It is not the case that mangrove trees are trees. Given that china paper is a very thin paper, originally made in China, which is used for chine appliqu prints, it can be inferred that either either some people live in fear and anxiety about it or pulsed light kills high levels of microorganisms and deactivates certain enzymes with high speed or if the claim that fish are one of the many species that participate in the food chain is false, then all computer memory forgets everything it holds when power to it is shut off. It is fair to say that china paper is a very thin paper, originally made in China, which is used for chine appliqu prints. At least one of two things is true: carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth, and is broken down with the enzymes in saliva, or either mangrove trees are trees or the notion that 'all computer memory forgets everything it holds when power to it is shut off' is untrue. The claim that carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth, and is broken down with the enzymes in saliva has no merit.
|
Those that suggest fish are one of the many species that participate in the food chain are right.
|
Fish have fins.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC1-2]
Not (Either [2] or [3].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).
[6]
Therefore, Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
Not [4].
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (Either [4] or (Not [1].).).
Not [5].
Therefore, Either [4] or (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Fish are one of the many species that participate in the food chain.', 1: 'All computer memory forgets everything it holds when power to it is shut off.', 2: 'Some people live in fear and anxiety about it.', 3: 'Pulsed light kills high levels of microorganisms and deactivates certain enzymes with high speed.', 4: 'Mangrove trees are trees.', 5: 'Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth, and is broken down with the enzymes in saliva.', 6: 'China paper is a very thin paper, originally made in China, which is used for chine appliqu prints.'}
| 5 |
4,548 |
['The claim that adhesions develop as normal tissue responds to some form of injury is true.', "The statement 'products are quantities' is true.", 'Provided that it is a common misconception that if products are quantities, then historic markers point to historic landscapes where the past is preserved, we know that either particles reflect enough sunlight or difficulty relating to peers - autistic children have difficulty playing with other children.', "The statement 'either particles reflect enough sunlight or difficulty relating to peers - autistic children have difficulty playing with other children' can be considered false.", 'We know that at least one of two things is true: fluorescent lighting depends on the electrical excitation of mercury vapor, or if historic markers point to historic landscapes where the past is preserved, then if adhesions develop as normal tissue responds to some form of injury, then sedimentation is the process of removing the flocculate matter.', 'The claim that fluorescent lighting depends on the electrical excitation of mercury vapor does not reflect reality.']
|
The claim that adhesions develop as normal tissue responds to some form of injury is true. The statement 'products are quantities' is true. Provided that it is a common misconception that if products are quantities, then historic markers point to historic landscapes where the past is preserved, we know that either particles reflect enough sunlight or difficulty relating to peers - autistic children have difficulty playing with other children. The statement 'either particles reflect enough sunlight or difficulty relating to peers - autistic children have difficulty playing with other children' can be considered false. We know that at least one of two things is true: fluorescent lighting depends on the electrical excitation of mercury vapor, or if historic markers point to historic landscapes where the past is preserved, then if adhesions develop as normal tissue responds to some form of injury, then sedimentation is the process of removing the flocculate matter. The claim that fluorescent lighting depends on the electrical excitation of mercury vapor does not reflect reality.
|
It is a simple truth that sedimentation is the process of removing the flocculate matter.
|
It is a simple truth that sedimentation is the process of removing the flocculate matter.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If [1], then [0].). [SC1-2]
[2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [3]. [SC1-3]
If [3], then (If [1], then [0].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [2], then (If [1], then [0].)..
[SC1-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then [3].).), then (Either [4] or [5].).
Not (Either [4] or [5].).
Therefore, If [2], then [3]..
[SC2-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (If [3], then (If [1], then [0].).).
Not [6].
Therefore, If [3], then (If [1], then [0].)..
|
{0: 'Sedimentation is the process of removing the flocculate matter.', 1: 'Adhesions develop as normal tissue responds to some form of injury.', 2: 'Products are quantities.', 3: 'Historic markers point to historic landscapes where the past is preserved.', 4: 'Particles reflect enough sunlight.', 5: 'Difficulty relating to peers - autistic children have difficulty playing with other children.', 6: 'Fluorescent lighting depends on the electrical excitation of mercury vapor.'}
| 5 |
4,915 |
['When it is not true that divers can swim with whales, dugongs, manta rays, huge cod or sharks is true, it follows that either beans are low in fat, high in fiber, and packed with essential vitamins and minerals or vindication is a clearing.', 'Assuming some people mistakenly believe that if it is not true that divers can swim with whales, dugongs, manta rays, huge cod or sharks, then it is not the case that either beans are low in fat, high in fiber, and packed with essential vitamins and minerals or vindication is a clearing, we know that it is a common misconception that many diseases have the same symptoms.', "So long as some people mistakenly believe that if it is not true that divers can swim with whales, dugongs, manta rays, huge cod or sharks, then it is not the case that either beans are low in fat, high in fiber, and packed with essential vitamins and minerals or vindication is a clearing, 'viruses adsorb to their host cell surface via specific antireceptor molecules, often glycoproteins' is true.", 'Either incandescent light emits more heat energy or science is the organized search for knowledge.', "There is good reason to believe that either mechanical seals meet today's emission limitations in the vast majority of applications or if either incandescent light emits more heat energy or science is the organized search for knowledge, then if viruses adsorb to their host cell surface via specific antireceptor molecules, often glycoproteins, then many diseases have the same symptoms.", "The notion that 'mechanical seals meet today's emission limitations in the vast majority of applications' is untrue."]
|
When it is not true that divers can swim with whales, dugongs, manta rays, huge cod or sharks is true, it follows that either beans are low in fat, high in fiber, and packed with essential vitamins and minerals or vindication is a clearing. Assuming some people mistakenly believe that if it is not true that divers can swim with whales, dugongs, manta rays, huge cod or sharks, then it is not the case that either beans are low in fat, high in fiber, and packed with essential vitamins and minerals or vindication is a clearing, we know that it is a common misconception that many diseases have the same symptoms. So long as some people mistakenly believe that if it is not true that divers can swim with whales, dugongs, manta rays, huge cod or sharks, then it is not the case that either beans are low in fat, high in fiber, and packed with essential vitamins and minerals or vindication is a clearing, 'viruses adsorb to their host cell surface via specific antireceptor molecules, often glycoproteins' is true. Either incandescent light emits more heat energy or science is the organized search for knowledge. There is good reason to believe that either mechanical seals meet today's emission limitations in the vast majority of applications or if either incandescent light emits more heat energy or science is the organized search for knowledge, then if viruses adsorb to their host cell surface via specific antireceptor molecules, often glycoproteins, then many diseases have the same symptoms. The notion that 'mechanical seals meet today's emission limitations in the vast majority of applications' is untrue.
|
The statement 'divers can swim with whales, dugongs, manta rays, huge cod or sharks' is true.
|
The statement 'divers can swim with whales, dugongs, manta rays, huge cod or sharks' is true.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).
If (Not [0].), then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).).).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).).).), then (Not [3].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).)..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).).).), then [4].
If [4], then [3]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).).).), then [3]..
[SC2-3]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [5] or [6].), then (If [4], then [3].). [SC1-4]
Either [5] or [6].
Therefore, If [4], then [3]..
[SC1-4]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [7] or (If (Either [5] or [6].), then (If [4], then [3].).).
Not [7].
Therefore, If (Either [5] or [6].), then (If [4], then [3].)..
|
{0: 'Divers can swim with whales, dugongs, manta rays, huge cod or sharks.', 1: 'Beans are low in fat, high in fiber, and packed with essential vitamins and minerals.', 2: 'Vindication is a clearing.', 3: 'Many diseases have the same symptoms.', 4: 'Viruses adsorb to their host cell surface via specific antireceptor molecules, often glycoproteins.', 5: 'Incandescent light emits more heat energy.', 6: 'Science is the organized search for knowledge.', 7: "Mechanical seals meet today's emission limitations in the vast majority of applications."}
| 5 |
4,588 |
['On the condition that it is not the case that feet can get cold quickly and allow heat to escape, it is definitely the case that either some people stop having asthma attacks as they get older or nickel isa metal.', 'Given that either some people stop having asthma attacks as they get older or nickel isa metal, it can be inferred that sphingid caterpillars are medium to large in size, with stout bodies.', 'It is rational to believe that either if wheat ferments very rapidly which can easily create digestive problems and high death rates, then most diets contain bread or if it is not the case that feet can get cold quickly and allow heat to escape, then either address standardization is used in geocoding to make the address matching process easy or small birds have strong claws.', 'It is not the case that if wheat ferments very rapidly which can easily create digestive problems and high death rates, then most diets contain bread.', "Once we know the notion that 'if either address standardization is used in geocoding to make the address matching process easy or small birds have strong claws, then we know that the claim that sphingid caterpillars are medium to large in size, with stout bodies is false' is untrue, we also know that if thyrotoxicosis is adenosis, then pitta is hot, fluid, subtle, sharp, soft, and it governs all heat, and chemical reactions.", "When the notion that 'if either address standardization is used in geocoding to make the address matching process easy or small birds have strong claws, then we know that the claim that sphingid caterpillars are medium to large in size, with stout bodies is false' is untrue is true, it follows that those that suggest if thyrotoxicosis is adenosis, then pitta is hot, fluid, subtle, sharp, soft, and it governs all heat, and chemical reactions are wrong."]
|
On the condition that it is not the case that feet can get cold quickly and allow heat to escape, it is definitely the case that either some people stop having asthma attacks as they get older or nickel isa metal. Given that either some people stop having asthma attacks as they get older or nickel isa metal, it can be inferred that sphingid caterpillars are medium to large in size, with stout bodies. It is rational to believe that either if wheat ferments very rapidly which can easily create digestive problems and high death rates, then most diets contain bread or if it is not the case that feet can get cold quickly and allow heat to escape, then either address standardization is used in geocoding to make the address matching process easy or small birds have strong claws. It is not the case that if wheat ferments very rapidly which can easily create digestive problems and high death rates, then most diets contain bread. Once we know the notion that 'if either address standardization is used in geocoding to make the address matching process easy or small birds have strong claws, then we know that the claim that sphingid caterpillars are medium to large in size, with stout bodies is false' is untrue, we also know that if thyrotoxicosis is adenosis, then pitta is hot, fluid, subtle, sharp, soft, and it governs all heat, and chemical reactions. When the notion that 'if either address standardization is used in geocoding to make the address matching process easy or small birds have strong claws, then we know that the claim that sphingid caterpillars are medium to large in size, with stout bodies is false' is untrue is true, it follows that those that suggest if thyrotoxicosis is adenosis, then pitta is hot, fluid, subtle, sharp, soft, and it governs all heat, and chemical reactions are wrong.
|
It is reasonable to believe that feet can get cold quickly and allow heat to escape.
|
It is reasonable to believe that feet can get cold quickly and allow heat to escape.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then (Either [2] or [3].).
If (Either [2] or [3].), then [1].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then (Either [4] or [5].). [SC1-2]
If (Either [4] or [5].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [6], then [7].) or (If (Not [0].), then (Either [4] or [5].).).
Not (If [6], then [7].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Either [4] or [5].)..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Either [4] or [5].), then (Not [1].).).), then (If [8], then [9].).
If (Not (If (Either [4] or [5].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Not (If [8], then [9].).).
Therefore, If (Either [4] or [5].), then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Feet can get cold quickly and allow heat to escape.', 1: 'Sphingid caterpillars are medium to large in size, with stout bodies.', 2: 'Some people stop having asthma attacks as they get older.', 3: 'Nickel isa metal.', 4: 'Address standardization is used in geocoding to make the address matching process easy.', 5: 'Small birds have strong claws.', 6: 'Wheat ferments very rapidly which can easily create digestive problems and high death rates.', 7: 'Most diets contain bread.', 8: 'Thyrotoxicosis is adenosis.', 9: 'Pitta is hot, fluid, subtle, sharp, soft, and it governs all heat, and chemical reactions.'}
| 5 |
4,447 |
['Either either financial aid is defined as scholarships, grants and student loans or songbirds use auditory feedback to guide learning of a song previously memorized from another bird or most snakes survive environmental conditions.', 'Assuming either financial aid is defined as scholarships, grants and student loans or songbirds use auditory feedback to guide learning of a song previously memorized from another bird, we know that either scripture is given by divine inspiration and is authoritative in all matters of faith and practice or insulation slows the rate of heat flow from a warmer to a cooler area.', 'One may reasonably assume that if most snakes survive environmental conditions, then either scripture is given by divine inspiration and is authoritative in all matters of faith and practice or insulation slows the rate of heat flow from a warmer to a cooler area.', "The statement that 'either most blacksmiths create weapons or plants absorb the light from the sun into small green pigments in the leaves called chlorophyll' is incorrect.", 'There is good reason to believe that either many abbeys have brewing traditions and licence their beers to be brewed by commercial companies or if boiling water kills the organism, then public land means it is used by ALL public.', 'When many abbeys have brewing traditions and licence their beers to be brewed by commercial companies is true, it follows that if insulation slows the rate of heat flow from a warmer to a cooler area, then the statement, paleontology investigates the forms of life that existed in prehistoric times, does not hold.', 'When if boiling water kills the organism, then public land means it is used by ALL public is true, it follows that if insulation slows the rate of heat flow from a warmer to a cooler area, then the statement, paleontology investigates the forms of life that existed in prehistoric times, does not hold.', 'If it is not true that if scripture is given by divine inspiration and is authoritative in all matters of faith and practice, then the statement, paleontology investigates the forms of life that existed in prehistoric times, does not hold, then moral truth is universal, absolute and sustained by faith and obedience.', 'When moral truth is universal, absolute and sustained by faith and obedience is true, it follows that either most blacksmiths create weapons or plants absorb the light from the sun into small green pigments in the leaves called chlorophyll.']
|
Either either financial aid is defined as scholarships, grants and student loans or songbirds use auditory feedback to guide learning of a song previously memorized from another bird or most snakes survive environmental conditions. Assuming either financial aid is defined as scholarships, grants and student loans or songbirds use auditory feedback to guide learning of a song previously memorized from another bird, we know that either scripture is given by divine inspiration and is authoritative in all matters of faith and practice or insulation slows the rate of heat flow from a warmer to a cooler area. One may reasonably assume that if most snakes survive environmental conditions, then either scripture is given by divine inspiration and is authoritative in all matters of faith and practice or insulation slows the rate of heat flow from a warmer to a cooler area. The statement that 'either most blacksmiths create weapons or plants absorb the light from the sun into small green pigments in the leaves called chlorophyll' is incorrect. There is good reason to believe that either many abbeys have brewing traditions and licence their beers to be brewed by commercial companies or if boiling water kills the organism, then public land means it is used by ALL public. When many abbeys have brewing traditions and licence their beers to be brewed by commercial companies is true, it follows that if insulation slows the rate of heat flow from a warmer to a cooler area, then the statement, paleontology investigates the forms of life that existed in prehistoric times, does not hold. When if boiling water kills the organism, then public land means it is used by ALL public is true, it follows that if insulation slows the rate of heat flow from a warmer to a cooler area, then the statement, paleontology investigates the forms of life that existed in prehistoric times, does not hold. If it is not true that if scripture is given by divine inspiration and is authoritative in all matters of faith and practice, then the statement, paleontology investigates the forms of life that existed in prehistoric times, does not hold, then moral truth is universal, absolute and sustained by faith and obedience. When moral truth is universal, absolute and sustained by faith and obedience is true, it follows that either most blacksmiths create weapons or plants absorb the light from the sun into small green pigments in the leaves called chlorophyll.
|
The statement, paleontology investigates the forms of life that existed in prehistoric times, does not hold.
|
We know that the claim that paleontology is the study of the history of life on Earth as reflected in the fossil record is false.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [8] or [9].) or [10].
If (Either [8] or [9].), then (Either [1] or [2].).
If [10], then (Either [1] or [2].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then (Either [3] or [4].). [SC1-2]
Not (Either [3] or [4].).
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then [11].
If [11], then (Either [3] or [4].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then (Either [3] or [4].)..
[SC3-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or (If [6], then [7].).
If [5], then (If [2], then (Not [0].).).
If (If [6], then [7].), then (If [2], then (Not [0].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [0].)..
|
{0: 'Paleontology investigates the forms of life that existed in prehistoric times.', 1: 'Scripture is given by divine inspiration and is authoritative in all matters of faith and practice.', 2: 'Insulation slows the rate of heat flow from a warmer to a cooler area.', 3: 'Most blacksmiths create weapons.', 4: 'Plants absorb the light from the sun into small green pigments in the leaves called chlorophyll.', 5: 'Many abbeys have brewing traditions and licence their beers to be brewed by commercial companies.', 6: 'Boiling water kills the organism.', 7: 'Public land means it is used by ALL public.', 8: 'Financial aid is defined as scholarships, grants and student loans.', 9: 'Songbirds use auditory feedback to guide learning of a song previously memorized from another bird.', 10: 'Most snakes survive environmental conditions.', 11: 'Moral truth is universal, absolute and sustained by faith and obedience.'}
| 5 |
4,021 |
['There is good reason to believe that either smoking is an addiction, and most people find quitting a challenge or men accused of homicide also tend to be single, whereas women are more likely to be married.', 'One may reasonably assume that if men accused of homicide also tend to be single, whereas women are more likely to be married, then if sharks are wild animals, and deserve the same level of respect given to any other wild animal, then cymbidiums are especially popular in California and elsewhere where their cultural needs can be met.', 'It is rational to believe that either many people fully recover from eating disorders and disordered eating or sharks are wild animals, and deserve the same level of respect given to any other wild animal.', 'The statement that states many people fully recover from eating disorders and disordered eating is false.', 'Either plants are stunted and bushy or spices are like no other in the world.', 'If spices are like no other in the world, then if smoking is an addiction, and most people find quitting a challenge, then if sharks are wild animals, and deserve the same level of respect given to any other wild animal, then cymbidiums are especially popular in California and elsewhere where their cultural needs can be met.', 'When plants are stunted and bushy is true, it follows that vitamin also works at another stage of cancer development.', "Whenever it is true that vitamin also works at another stage of cancer development, 'if smoking is an addiction, and most people find quitting a challenge, then if sharks are wild animals, and deserve the same level of respect given to any other wild animal, then cymbidiums are especially popular in California and elsewhere where their cultural needs can be met' is true."]
|
There is good reason to believe that either smoking is an addiction, and most people find quitting a challenge or men accused of homicide also tend to be single, whereas women are more likely to be married. One may reasonably assume that if men accused of homicide also tend to be single, whereas women are more likely to be married, then if sharks are wild animals, and deserve the same level of respect given to any other wild animal, then cymbidiums are especially popular in California and elsewhere where their cultural needs can be met. It is rational to believe that either many people fully recover from eating disorders and disordered eating or sharks are wild animals, and deserve the same level of respect given to any other wild animal. The statement that states many people fully recover from eating disorders and disordered eating is false. Either plants are stunted and bushy or spices are like no other in the world. If spices are like no other in the world, then if smoking is an addiction, and most people find quitting a challenge, then if sharks are wild animals, and deserve the same level of respect given to any other wild animal, then cymbidiums are especially popular in California and elsewhere where their cultural needs can be met. When plants are stunted and bushy is true, it follows that vitamin also works at another stage of cancer development. Whenever it is true that vitamin also works at another stage of cancer development, 'if smoking is an addiction, and most people find quitting a challenge, then if sharks are wild animals, and deserve the same level of respect given to any other wild animal, then cymbidiums are especially popular in California and elsewhere where their cultural needs can be met' is true.
|
It is true that cymbidiums are especially popular in California and elsewhere where their cultural needs can be met.
|
It is true that cymbidiums are especially popular in California and elsewhere where their cultural needs can be met.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4].
If [3], then (If [1], then [0].). [SC2-2]
If [4], then (If [1], then [0].).
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (If [3], then (If [1], then [0].).). [SC2-3]
If [6], then (If [3], then (If [1], then [0].).).
Therefore, If [3], then (If [1], then [0].)..
[SC2-3]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [5], then [7].
If [7], then (If [3], then (If [1], then [0].).).
Therefore, If [5], then (If [3], then (If [1], then [0].).)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or [1].
Not [2].
Therefore, [1].
|
{0: 'Cymbidiums are especially popular in California and elsewhere where their cultural needs can be met.', 1: 'Sharks are wild animals, and deserve the same level of respect given to any other wild animal.', 2: 'Many people fully recover from eating disorders and disordered eating.', 3: 'Smoking is an addiction, and most people find quitting a challenge.', 4: 'Men accused of homicide also tend to be single, whereas women are more likely to be married.', 5: 'Plants are stunted and bushy.', 6: 'Spices are like no other in the world.', 7: 'Vitamin also works at another stage of cancer development.'}
| 5 |
4,724 |
['Given that a nickname is a designation, it can be inferred that the claim that dips slope outward to divert water down slopes is false.', 'The idea that traffic is traffic is true.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: cancer can form in almost all tissues of the body, or if if innervation is from branches of the facial nerve, then ovulation can occur before that first menstrual period, then dips slope outward to divert water down slopes.', 'It is not the case that cancer can form in almost all tissues of the body.', 'It is rational to believe that either either social security has the payoff characteristics of an annuity or animal abuse is a horrific act of violence and very common or sea stars move very slowly along the sea bed, using hundreds of tiny tube feet.', "So long as either social security has the payoff characteristics of an annuity or animal abuse is a horrific act of violence and very common, 'if traffic is traffic, then if a nickname is a designation, then if innervation is from branches of the facial nerve, then ovulation can occur before that first menstrual period' is true.", "So long as sea stars move very slowly along the sea bed, using hundreds of tiny tube feet, 'if traffic is traffic, then if a nickname is a designation, then if innervation is from branches of the facial nerve, then ovulation can occur before that first menstrual period' is true."]
|
Given that a nickname is a designation, it can be inferred that the claim that dips slope outward to divert water down slopes is false. The idea that traffic is traffic is true. We know that at least one of two things is true: cancer can form in almost all tissues of the body, or if if innervation is from branches of the facial nerve, then ovulation can occur before that first menstrual period, then dips slope outward to divert water down slopes. It is not the case that cancer can form in almost all tissues of the body. It is rational to believe that either either social security has the payoff characteristics of an annuity or animal abuse is a horrific act of violence and very common or sea stars move very slowly along the sea bed, using hundreds of tiny tube feet. So long as either social security has the payoff characteristics of an annuity or animal abuse is a horrific act of violence and very common, 'if traffic is traffic, then if a nickname is a designation, then if innervation is from branches of the facial nerve, then ovulation can occur before that first menstrual period' is true. So long as sea stars move very slowly along the sea bed, using hundreds of tiny tube feet, 'if traffic is traffic, then if a nickname is a designation, then if innervation is from branches of the facial nerve, then ovulation can occur before that first menstrual period' is true.
|
We know that the claim that a nickname is a designation is false.
|
We know that the claim that a nickname is a designation is false.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
If [0], then (Not [1].).
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then (If [2], then [3].). [SC1-2]
If (If [2], then [3].), then [1]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If [0], then (If [2], then [3].).). [SC1-3]
[4]
Therefore, If [0], then (If [2], then [3].)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [6] or [7].) or [8].
If (Either [6] or [7].), then (If [4], then (If [0], then (If [2], then [3].).).).
If [8], then (If [4], then (If [0], then (If [2], then [3].).).).
Therefore, If [4], then (If [0], then (If [2], then [3].).)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (If (If [2], then [3].), then [1].).
Not [5].
Therefore, If (If [2], then [3].), then [1]..
|
{0: 'A nickname is a designation.', 1: 'Dips slope outward to divert water down slopes.', 2: 'Innervation is from branches of the facial nerve.', 3: 'Ovulation can occur before that first menstrual period.', 4: 'Traffic is traffic.', 5: 'Cancer can form in almost all tissues of the body.', 6: 'Social security has the payoff characteristics of an annuity.', 7: 'Animal abuse is a horrific act of violence and very common.', 8: 'Sea stars move very slowly along the sea bed, using hundreds of tiny tube feet.'}
| 5 |
4,718 |
['people can, however, use homeopathic medicines to treat the acute phase of their allergy.', "So long as some people mistakenly believe that if some people mistakenly believe that if people can, however, use homeopathic medicines to treat the acute phase of their allergy, then grain comes from plants, then mountains are hares, 'either ceramic tile is a brittle material or ants are sociable insects that care for their young' is true.", 'Provided that some people mistakenly believe that if people can, however, use homeopathic medicines to treat the acute phase of their allergy, then grain comes from plants, we know that l is the length of the channel or reach.', 'On the condition that l is the length of the channel or reach, it is definitely the case that the statement that states mountains are hares is false.', 'Given that either ceramic tile is a brittle material or ants are sociable insects that care for their young, it can be inferred that many peoples find wholeness in spirituality in different ways.', 'We know that the claim that many peoples find wholeness in spirituality in different ways is false.']
|
people can, however, use homeopathic medicines to treat the acute phase of their allergy. So long as some people mistakenly believe that if some people mistakenly believe that if people can, however, use homeopathic medicines to treat the acute phase of their allergy, then grain comes from plants, then mountains are hares, 'either ceramic tile is a brittle material or ants are sociable insects that care for their young' is true. Provided that some people mistakenly believe that if people can, however, use homeopathic medicines to treat the acute phase of their allergy, then grain comes from plants, we know that l is the length of the channel or reach. On the condition that l is the length of the channel or reach, it is definitely the case that the statement that states mountains are hares is false. Given that either ceramic tile is a brittle material or ants are sociable insects that care for their young, it can be inferred that many peoples find wholeness in spirituality in different ways. We know that the claim that many peoples find wholeness in spirituality in different ways is false.
|
We can assume that grain comes from plants.
|
Grain has components.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [2]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not [2].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [2].).), then (Either [3] or [4].).
Not (Either [3] or [4].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [2]..
[SC2-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Either [3] or [4].), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, Not (Either [3] or [4].)..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [5].
If [5], then (Not [2].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not [2].)..
|
{0: 'Grain comes from plants.', 1: 'People can, however, use homeopathic medicines to treat the acute phase of their allergy.', 2: 'Mountains are hares.', 3: 'Ceramic tile is a brittle material.', 4: 'Ants are sociable insects that care for their young.', 5: 'L is the length of the channel or reach.', 6: 'Many peoples find wholeness in spirituality in different ways.'}
| 5 |
4,250 |
["It is a fact that either gastrointestinal symptoms are the most frequently reported adverse events or dry blowers are unique to arid areas of Australia where there is no water to run a 'wet plant'.", "Whenever it is true that love is the opposite of fear, 'if gastrointestinal symptoms are the most frequently reported adverse events, then if amphibians have lungs, then most plastics deteriorate in full sunlight, but never decompose completely when buried in landfills' is true.", 'Should it be the case that tractors are the main vehicle on the roads, it follows that if gastrointestinal symptoms are the most frequently reported adverse events, then if amphibians have lungs, then most plastics deteriorate in full sunlight, but never decompose completely when buried in landfills.', "It is a fact that either profanity is acceptable in creative pieces or when quoting someone else or if dry blowers are unique to arid areas of Australia where there is no water to run a 'wet plant', then if amphibians have lungs, then most plastics deteriorate in full sunlight, but never decompose completely when buried in landfills.", 'The claim that profanity is acceptable in creative pieces or when quoting someone else does not correspond with reality.', 'It is rational to believe that either either labor unions are a very controversial part of the work force today or borate salts are water soluble and are relatively low in toxicity or therapy includes techniques.', 'On the condition that therapy includes techniques, it is definitely the case that tractors are the main vehicle on the roads.', "Once we know the statement that 'if either labor unions are a very controversial part of the work force today or borate salts are water soluble and are relatively low in toxicity, then love is the opposite of fear' is incorrect, we also know that if unemployment is a temporary condition, then names are nouns.", 'The claim that if unemployment is a temporary condition, then names are nouns does not correspond with reality.']
|
It is a fact that either gastrointestinal symptoms are the most frequently reported adverse events or dry blowers are unique to arid areas of Australia where there is no water to run a 'wet plant'. Whenever it is true that love is the opposite of fear, 'if gastrointestinal symptoms are the most frequently reported adverse events, then if amphibians have lungs, then most plastics deteriorate in full sunlight, but never decompose completely when buried in landfills' is true. Should it be the case that tractors are the main vehicle on the roads, it follows that if gastrointestinal symptoms are the most frequently reported adverse events, then if amphibians have lungs, then most plastics deteriorate in full sunlight, but never decompose completely when buried in landfills. It is a fact that either profanity is acceptable in creative pieces or when quoting someone else or if dry blowers are unique to arid areas of Australia where there is no water to run a 'wet plant', then if amphibians have lungs, then most plastics deteriorate in full sunlight, but never decompose completely when buried in landfills. The claim that profanity is acceptable in creative pieces or when quoting someone else does not correspond with reality. It is rational to believe that either either labor unions are a very controversial part of the work force today or borate salts are water soluble and are relatively low in toxicity or therapy includes techniques. On the condition that therapy includes techniques, it is definitely the case that tractors are the main vehicle on the roads. Once we know the statement that 'if either labor unions are a very controversial part of the work force today or borate salts are water soluble and are relatively low in toxicity, then love is the opposite of fear' is incorrect, we also know that if unemployment is a temporary condition, then names are nouns. The claim that if unemployment is a temporary condition, then names are nouns does not correspond with reality.
|
Provided that amphibians have lungs, we know that most plastics deteriorate in full sunlight, but never decompose completely when buried in landfills
|
Provided that amphibians have lungs, we know that most plastics deteriorate in full sunlight, but never decompose completely when buried in landfills
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (If [0], then [1].). [SC2-1]
If [3], then (If [0], then [1].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6]. [SC1-2]
If [5], then (If [2], then (If [0], then [1].).).
If [6], then (If [2], then (If [0], then [1].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either (Either [7] or [8].) or [9].
If (Either [7] or [8].), then [5]. [SC2-3]
If [9], then [6].
Therefore, Either [5] or [6]..
[SC2-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Either [7] or [8].), then [5].).), then (If [10], then [11].).
Not (If [10], then [11].).
Therefore, If (Either [7] or [8].), then [5]..
[SC3-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If [3], then (If [0], then [1].).).
Not [4].
Therefore, If [3], then (If [0], then [1].)..
|
{0: 'Amphibians have lungs.', 1: 'Most plastics deteriorate in full sunlight, but never decompose completely when buried in landfills.', 2: 'Gastrointestinal symptoms are the most frequently reported adverse events.', 3: "Dry blowers are unique to arid areas of Australia where there is no water to run a 'wet plant'.", 4: 'Profanity is acceptable in creative pieces or when quoting someone else.', 5: 'Love is the opposite of fear.', 6: 'Tractors are the main vehicle on the roads.', 7: 'Labor unions are a very controversial part of the work force today.', 8: 'Borate salts are water soluble and are relatively low in toxicity.', 9: 'Therapy includes techniques.', 10: 'Unemployment is a temporary condition.', 11: 'Names are nouns.'}
| 5 |
4,243 |
['Should it be the case that it is not true that airlines are hose, it follows that it is not true that either speedways are racetracks or shells contain oxide.', 'Either reproduction has genetic variability or sclerotinia is a common cause of storage rot in Hubbard squash.', "So long as reproduction has genetic variability, 'if it is not the case that if it is not true that airlines are hose, then either speedways are racetracks or shells contain oxide, then static electricity develops when the dust particles constantly rub the plastic surface' is true.", 'Provided that sclerotinia is a common cause of storage rot in Hubbard squash, we know that if it is not the case that if it is not true that airlines are hose, then either speedways are racetracks or shells contain oxide, then static electricity develops when the dust particles constantly rub the plastic surface.', 'Those that suggest damaging radiation is intensified on water and snow and can penetrate glass and light clothing are wrong.', "Whenever it is true that laughter stimulates the skeletal, facial, abdominal and thoracic muscles, 'either damaging radiation is intensified on water and snow and can penetrate glass and light clothing or if it is not the case that if it is not true that airlines are hose, then either speedways are racetracks or shells contain oxide, then the statement 'static electricity develops when the dust particles constantly rub the plastic surface' can be considered false' is true.", 'It is fair to say that laughter stimulates the skeletal, facial, abdominal and thoracic muscles.']
|
Should it be the case that it is not true that airlines are hose, it follows that it is not true that either speedways are racetracks or shells contain oxide. Either reproduction has genetic variability or sclerotinia is a common cause of storage rot in Hubbard squash. So long as reproduction has genetic variability, 'if it is not the case that if it is not true that airlines are hose, then either speedways are racetracks or shells contain oxide, then static electricity develops when the dust particles constantly rub the plastic surface' is true. Provided that sclerotinia is a common cause of storage rot in Hubbard squash, we know that if it is not the case that if it is not true that airlines are hose, then either speedways are racetracks or shells contain oxide, then static electricity develops when the dust particles constantly rub the plastic surface. Those that suggest damaging radiation is intensified on water and snow and can penetrate glass and light clothing are wrong. Whenever it is true that laughter stimulates the skeletal, facial, abdominal and thoracic muscles, 'either damaging radiation is intensified on water and snow and can penetrate glass and light clothing or if it is not the case that if it is not true that airlines are hose, then either speedways are racetracks or shells contain oxide, then the statement 'static electricity develops when the dust particles constantly rub the plastic surface' can be considered false' is true. It is fair to say that laughter stimulates the skeletal, facial, abdominal and thoracic muscles.
|
It is true that airlines are hose.
|
Airlines are business.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].). [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then (Not [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then [3].).
If [6], then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then [3].).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then [3]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then (Not [3].).). [SC1-3]
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then (Not [3].)..
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [7], then (Either [4] or (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then (Not [3].).).).
[7]
Therefore, Either [4] or (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then (Not [3].).)..
|
{0: 'Airlines are hose.', 1: 'Speedways are racetracks.', 2: 'Shells contain oxide.', 3: 'Static electricity develops when the dust particles constantly rub the plastic surface.', 4: 'Damaging radiation is intensified on water and snow and can penetrate glass and light clothing.', 5: 'Reproduction has genetic variability.', 6: 'Sclerotinia is a common cause of storage rot in Hubbard squash.', 7: 'Laughter stimulates the skeletal, facial, abdominal and thoracic muscles.'}
| 5 |
4,571 |
['Once we know mulches effectively control most annual weeds, we also know that if carolina wrens have backs, then capital punishment is a legal penalty in Indonesia .', 'One may reasonably assume that if either ozone is a highly active form of oxygen and can cause great irritation to all mucous membranes or directories contain groups of files that have something in common, then it is not true that if carolina wrens have backs, then capital punishment is a legal penalty in Indonesia .', 'There is good reason to believe that either some nutrias have large incisors or if if resentment is a shameful way of dealing with the past or present, then many factors can contribute to producing healthy children, then mulches effectively control most annual weeds.', 'Some people mistakenly believe that some nutrias have large incisors.', 'One may reasonably assume that if most goats possess genes, then either ozone is a highly active form of oxygen and can cause great irritation to all mucous membranes or directories contain groups of files that have something in common.', 'Many people rightly believe that most goats possess genes.']
|
Once we know mulches effectively control most annual weeds, we also know that if carolina wrens have backs, then capital punishment is a legal penalty in Indonesia . One may reasonably assume that if either ozone is a highly active form of oxygen and can cause great irritation to all mucous membranes or directories contain groups of files that have something in common, then it is not true that if carolina wrens have backs, then capital punishment is a legal penalty in Indonesia . There is good reason to believe that either some nutrias have large incisors or if if resentment is a shameful way of dealing with the past or present, then many factors can contribute to producing healthy children, then mulches effectively control most annual weeds. Some people mistakenly believe that some nutrias have large incisors. One may reasonably assume that if most goats possess genes, then either ozone is a highly active form of oxygen and can cause great irritation to all mucous membranes or directories contain groups of files that have something in common. Many people rightly believe that most goats possess genes.
|
The claim that if resentment is a shameful way of dealing with the past or present, then many factors can contribute to producing healthy children does not reflect reality.
|
The claim that if resentment is a shameful way of dealing with the past or present, then many factors can contribute to producing healthy children does not reflect reality.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (If [0], then [1].), then (If [2], then [3].). [SC1-1]
Not (If [2], then [3].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (If [0], then [1].), then [6]. [SC1-2]
If [6], then (If [2], then [3].).
Therefore, If (If [0], then [1].), then (If [2], then [3].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [8] or (If (If [0], then [1].), then [6].).
Not [8].
Therefore, If (If [0], then [1].), then [6]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [4] or [5].), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).
Either [4] or [5]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not (If [2], then [3].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [7], then (Either [4] or [5].).
[7]
Therefore, Either [4] or [5]..
|
{0: 'Resentment is a shameful way of dealing with the past or present.', 1: 'Many factors can contribute to producing healthy children.', 2: 'Carolina wrens have backs.', 3: 'Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Indonesia .', 4: 'Ozone is a highly active form of oxygen and can cause great irritation to all mucous membranes.', 5: 'Directories contain groups of files that have something in common.', 6: 'Mulches effectively control most annual weeds.', 7: 'Most goats possess genes.', 8: 'Some nutrias have large incisors.'}
| 5 |
4,035 |
['Given that the statement that states if it is not true that many people believe that women save less than men, then if large cancers are more likely than smaller cancers to spread to the nodes, then water absorption can also lead to deterioration of non-treated wood and in some cases, failure is false, it can be inferred that agonists are chemical agents which stimulate a certain kind of response.', 'It is a common misconception that agonists are chemical agents which stimulate a certain kind of response.', 'Assuming safety involves freedom from risk or danger, we know that if it is not true that many people believe that women save less than men, then the claim that if large cancers are more likely than smaller cancers to spread to the nodes, then water absorption can also lead to deterioration of non-treated wood and in some cases, failure does not reflect reality.', 'Given that ashtanga yoga is the joining of breathing, posture and movement into a series, it can be inferred that if it is not true that many people believe that women save less than men, then the claim that if large cancers are more likely than smaller cancers to spread to the nodes, then water absorption can also lead to deterioration of non-treated wood and in some cases, failure does not reflect reality.', 'When the claim that either safety involves freedom from risk or danger or ashtanga yoga is the joining of breathing, posture and movement into a series is false is true, it follows that lists include information.', "Provided that the notion that 'if the claim that either safety involves freedom from risk or danger or ashtanga yoga is the joining of breathing, posture and movement into a series is false, then those that suggest lists include information are wrong' is untrue, we know that ticks are bigger than lice and can be as big as a fingernail.", 'Some people mistakenly believe that ticks are bigger than lice and can be as big as a fingernail.']
|
Given that the statement that states if it is not true that many people believe that women save less than men, then if large cancers are more likely than smaller cancers to spread to the nodes, then water absorption can also lead to deterioration of non-treated wood and in some cases, failure is false, it can be inferred that agonists are chemical agents which stimulate a certain kind of response. It is a common misconception that agonists are chemical agents which stimulate a certain kind of response. Assuming safety involves freedom from risk or danger, we know that if it is not true that many people believe that women save less than men, then the claim that if large cancers are more likely than smaller cancers to spread to the nodes, then water absorption can also lead to deterioration of non-treated wood and in some cases, failure does not reflect reality. Given that ashtanga yoga is the joining of breathing, posture and movement into a series, it can be inferred that if it is not true that many people believe that women save less than men, then the claim that if large cancers are more likely than smaller cancers to spread to the nodes, then water absorption can also lead to deterioration of non-treated wood and in some cases, failure does not reflect reality. When the claim that either safety involves freedom from risk or danger or ashtanga yoga is the joining of breathing, posture and movement into a series is false is true, it follows that lists include information. Provided that the notion that 'if the claim that either safety involves freedom from risk or danger or ashtanga yoga is the joining of breathing, posture and movement into a series is false, then those that suggest lists include information are wrong' is untrue, we know that ticks are bigger than lice and can be as big as a fingernail. Some people mistakenly believe that ticks are bigger than lice and can be as big as a fingernail.
|
The claim that many people believe that women save less than men holds true.
|
Many people have allergies to scents.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].). [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then [3].
Not [3].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5]. [SC1-2]
If [4], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).).).
If [5], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).).).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).)..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [4] or [5].).), then [6].
If (Not (Either [4] or [5].).), then (Not [6].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, Either [4] or [5]..
[SC2-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (Either [4] or [5].).), then (Not [6].).).), then [7].
Not [7].
Therefore, If (Not (Either [4] or [5].).), then (Not [6].)..
|
{0: 'Many people believe that women save less than men.', 1: 'Large cancers are more likely than smaller cancers to spread to the nodes.', 2: 'Water absorption can also lead to deterioration of non-treated wood and in some cases, failure.', 3: 'Agonists are chemical agents which stimulate a certain kind of response.', 4: 'Safety involves freedom from risk or danger.', 5: 'Ashtanga yoga is the joining of breathing, posture and movement into a series.', 6: 'Lists include information.', 7: 'Ticks are bigger than lice and can be as big as a fingernail.'}
| 5 |
4,081 |
['The statement, fruit enzymes help to fight diseases such as cancer, does not hold.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: either nitrogen fixation is a biological process or gapmesa soils are on cuestas, hills, ridges, and mesas, or mendelevium is produced through charged-particle of lighter elements in particle accelerators.', 'Assuming mendelevium is produced through charged-particle of lighter elements in particle accelerators, we know that if congeners are wholes, then most people play with illusion as children play with toys.', 'Should it be the case that the claim that if either nitrogen fixation is a biological process or gapmesa soils are on cuestas, hills, ridges, and mesas, then fruit enzymes help to fight diseases such as cancer does not correspond with reality, it follows that bowhead isa whale.', 'Provided that bowhead isa whale, we know that it is a common misconception that if oceanographers divide the ocean into different zones by physical and biological conditions, then social strategies are a big part of the evolution of behavior.', "At least one of two things is true: either most gorillas hear sound or misconceptions also reduce patient participation in clinical trials, or either most industries employ physician assistants or molar pregnancies are 'accidents of nature' and no one's fault.", "Whenever it is true that either most gorillas hear sound or misconceptions also reduce patient participation in clinical trials, 'if bowhead isa whale, then if oceanographers divide the ocean into different zones by physical and biological conditions, then social strategies are a big part of the evolution of behavior' is true.", "Assuming either most industries employ physician assistants or molar pregnancies are 'accidents of nature' and no one's fault, we know that if bowhead isa whale, then if oceanographers divide the ocean into different zones by physical and biological conditions, then social strategies are a big part of the evolution of behavior."]
|
The statement, fruit enzymes help to fight diseases such as cancer, does not hold. Either one or both of these statements are true: either nitrogen fixation is a biological process or gapmesa soils are on cuestas, hills, ridges, and mesas, or mendelevium is produced through charged-particle of lighter elements in particle accelerators. Assuming mendelevium is produced through charged-particle of lighter elements in particle accelerators, we know that if congeners are wholes, then most people play with illusion as children play with toys. Should it be the case that the claim that if either nitrogen fixation is a biological process or gapmesa soils are on cuestas, hills, ridges, and mesas, then fruit enzymes help to fight diseases such as cancer does not correspond with reality, it follows that bowhead isa whale. Provided that bowhead isa whale, we know that it is a common misconception that if oceanographers divide the ocean into different zones by physical and biological conditions, then social strategies are a big part of the evolution of behavior. At least one of two things is true: either most gorillas hear sound or misconceptions also reduce patient participation in clinical trials, or either most industries employ physician assistants or molar pregnancies are 'accidents of nature' and no one's fault. Whenever it is true that either most gorillas hear sound or misconceptions also reduce patient participation in clinical trials, 'if bowhead isa whale, then if oceanographers divide the ocean into different zones by physical and biological conditions, then social strategies are a big part of the evolution of behavior' is true. Assuming either most industries employ physician assistants or molar pregnancies are 'accidents of nature' and no one's fault, we know that if bowhead isa whale, then if oceanographers divide the ocean into different zones by physical and biological conditions, then social strategies are a big part of the evolution of behavior.
|
Given that congeners are wholes, it can be inferred that most people play with illusion as children play with toys.
|
Given that congeners are wholes, it can be inferred that most people play with illusion as children play with toys.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (If [0], then [1].). [SC1-1]
Not [2].
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either (Either [3] or [4].) or [5].
If (Either [3] or [4].), then [2]. [SC2-2]
If [5], then (If [0], then [1].).
Therefore, Either [2] or (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Either [3] or [4].), then [2].).), then [6].
Not [6]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Either [3] or [4].), then [2]..
[SC2-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [6], then (If [7], then [8].). [SC1-4]
If [6], then (Not (If [7], then [8].).).
Therefore, Not [6]..
[SC1-4]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [9] or [10].) or (Either [11] or [12].).
If (Either [9] or [10].), then (If [6], then (If [7], then [8].).).
If (Either [11] or [12].), then (If [6], then (If [7], then [8].).).
Therefore, If [6], then (If [7], then [8].)..
|
{0: 'Congeners are wholes.', 1: 'Most people play with illusion as children play with toys.', 2: 'Fruit enzymes help to fight diseases such as cancer.', 3: 'Nitrogen fixation is a biological process.', 4: 'Gapmesa soils are on cuestas, hills, ridges, and mesas.', 5: 'Mendelevium is produced through charged-particle of lighter elements in particle accelerators.', 6: 'Bowhead isa whale.', 7: 'Oceanographers divide the ocean into different zones by physical and biological conditions.', 8: 'Social strategies are a big part of the evolution of behavior.', 9: 'Most gorillas hear sound.', 10: 'Misconceptions also reduce patient participation in clinical trials.', 11: 'Most industries employ physician assistants.', 12: "Molar pregnancies are 'accidents of nature' and no one's fault."}
| 5 |
4,159 |
['At least one of two things is true: globular clusters are well known as the oldest conglomerations of stars in the Milky Way , or if inertia overcomes forces, then periwinkles are vegetarians.', "The statement 'globular clusters are well known as the oldest conglomerations of stars in the Milky Way ' can be considered false.", 'One may reasonably assume that if those that suggest inertia overcomes forces are wrong, then the statement, upholstery isa artifact, does not hold.', "The statement 'a flycatcher is a bird' can be considered false.", "Whenever it is true that it is not true that if the statement 'if those that suggest inertia overcomes forces are wrong, then upholstery isa artifact' can be considered false, then a flycatcher is a bird, 'quakers work for the equality and acceptance of all people who face discrimination in society' is true.", "Provided that it is not true that if the statement 'if those that suggest inertia overcomes forces are wrong, then upholstery isa artifact' can be considered false, then a flycatcher is a bird, we know that it is not the case that quakers work for the equality and acceptance of all people who face discrimination in society."]
|
At least one of two things is true: globular clusters are well known as the oldest conglomerations of stars in the Milky Way , or if inertia overcomes forces, then periwinkles are vegetarians. The statement 'globular clusters are well known as the oldest conglomerations of stars in the Milky Way ' can be considered false. One may reasonably assume that if those that suggest inertia overcomes forces are wrong, then the statement, upholstery isa artifact, does not hold. The statement 'a flycatcher is a bird' can be considered false. Whenever it is true that it is not true that if the statement 'if those that suggest inertia overcomes forces are wrong, then upholstery isa artifact' can be considered false, then a flycatcher is a bird, 'quakers work for the equality and acceptance of all people who face discrimination in society' is true. Provided that it is not true that if the statement 'if those that suggest inertia overcomes forces are wrong, then upholstery isa artifact' can be considered false, then a flycatcher is a bird, we know that it is not the case that quakers work for the equality and acceptance of all people who face discrimination in society.
|
We can assume that periwinkles are vegetarians.
|
Periwinkles have (part) cytoplasm.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (If [1], then [0].).
Not [2].
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [1].), then [3]. [SC1-2]
If (Not [1].), then (Not [3].).
Therefore, [1].
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [1].), then [3].).), then [4]. [SC1-3]
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not [1].), then [3]..
[SC1-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [1].), then [3].).), then [4].).), then [5].
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [1].), then [3].).), then [4].).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [1].), then [3].).), then [4]..
|
{0: 'Periwinkles are vegetarians.', 1: 'Inertia overcomes forces.', 2: 'Globular clusters are well known as the oldest conglomerations of stars in the Milky Way .', 3: 'Upholstery isa artifact.', 4: 'A flycatcher is a bird.', 5: 'Quakers work for the equality and acceptance of all people who face discrimination in society.'}
| 5 |
4,333 |
['We know that at least one of two things is true: women are the builders of men, or a treasury is a funds.', 'At least one of two things is true: darters are strong fliers and migrate annually, or ungulates are mammals.', 'Provided that darters are strong fliers and migrate annually, we know that if women are the builders of men, then exercises cause exercises.', 'Given that ungulates are mammals, it can be inferred that if women are the builders of men, then exercises cause exercises.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: hair sheep lambs display throats, or either diarrhea is sometimes slow to improve or if a treasury is a funds, then exercises cause exercises.', 'Some people mistakenly believe that hair sheep lambs display throats.', 'Provided that either poesy is a genre or snakes rely on prey, we know that the claim that diarrhea is sometimes slow to improve does not reflect reality.', 'We know that either poesy is a genre or snakes rely on prey.']
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: women are the builders of men, or a treasury is a funds. At least one of two things is true: darters are strong fliers and migrate annually, or ungulates are mammals. Provided that darters are strong fliers and migrate annually, we know that if women are the builders of men, then exercises cause exercises. Given that ungulates are mammals, it can be inferred that if women are the builders of men, then exercises cause exercises. Either one or both of these statements are true: hair sheep lambs display throats, or either diarrhea is sometimes slow to improve or if a treasury is a funds, then exercises cause exercises. Some people mistakenly believe that hair sheep lambs display throats. Provided that either poesy is a genre or snakes rely on prey, we know that the claim that diarrhea is sometimes slow to improve does not reflect reality. We know that either poesy is a genre or snakes rely on prey.
|
The idea that exercises cause exercises is true.
|
It is a common misconception that exercises cause exercises.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2].
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [2], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (If [1], then [0].).
If [5], then (If [1], then [0].).
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC3-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If [2], then [0].). [SC1-2]
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [2], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (Either [3] or (If [2], then [0].).).
Not [6].
Therefore, Either [3] or (If [2], then [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [7] or [8].), then (Not [3].).
Either [7] or [8].
Therefore, Not [3]..
|
{0: 'Exercises cause exercises.', 1: 'Women are the builders of men.', 2: 'A treasury is a funds.', 3: 'Diarrhea is sometimes slow to improve.', 4: 'Darters are strong fliers and migrate annually.', 5: 'Ungulates are mammals.', 6: 'Hair sheep lambs display throats.', 7: 'Poesy is a genre.', 8: 'Snakes rely on prey.'}
| 5 |
4,837 |
["Whenever it is true that fuzzy logic is a theory that handles vagueness and uncertainty, 'either growth depends on conditions or diseases have devastate effects' is true.", 'Should it be the case that growth depends on conditions, it follows that sexual reproduction happens in the adult stage.', 'When growth depends on conditions is true, it follows that it is not true that sexual reproduction happens in the adult stage.', 'Should it be the case that drug abuse can lead to drug dependence or addiction, it follows that fuzzy logic is a theory that handles vagueness and uncertainty.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: theft is a felony, or drug abuse can lead to drug dependence or addiction.', 'The claim that theft is a felony does not correspond with reality.']
|
Whenever it is true that fuzzy logic is a theory that handles vagueness and uncertainty, 'either growth depends on conditions or diseases have devastate effects' is true. Should it be the case that growth depends on conditions, it follows that sexual reproduction happens in the adult stage. When growth depends on conditions is true, it follows that it is not true that sexual reproduction happens in the adult stage. Should it be the case that drug abuse can lead to drug dependence or addiction, it follows that fuzzy logic is a theory that handles vagueness and uncertainty. We know that at least one of two things is true: theft is a felony, or drug abuse can lead to drug dependence or addiction. The claim that theft is a felony does not correspond with reality.
|
The idea that diseases have devastate effects is true.
|
Some diseases affect levels.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (Either [1] or [0].).
[2] [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then [2].
[4] [SC2-3]
Therefore, [2].
[SC2-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or [4].
Not [5].
Therefore, [4].
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [1], then [3].
If [1], then (Not [3].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Diseases have devastate effects.', 1: 'Growth depends on conditions.', 2: 'Fuzzy logic is a theory that handles vagueness and uncertainty.', 3: 'Sexual reproduction happens in the adult stage.', 4: 'Drug abuse can lead to drug dependence or addiction.', 5: 'Theft is a felony.'}
| 5 |
4,474 |
['It is a fact that either humanism teaches atheism, autonomous man, amorality, evolution and one-world socialism or wolves are creatures which humans can both relate to and yet fear.', 'Should it be the case that many chemical products found in homes can be hazardous to use or store, it follows that if either child prodigies become adults or deforestation has profound effects upon regional climate, mainly by reducing rainfall, then those that suggest humanism teaches atheism, autonomous man, amorality, evolution and one-world socialism are wrong.', 'Either some hip sockets are part of yaks or influenza viruses are common pathogens.', 'Once we know some hip sockets are part of yaks, we also know that child prodigies become adults.', 'On the condition that influenza viruses are common pathogens, it is definitely the case that deforestation has profound effects upon regional climate, mainly by reducing rainfall.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: most Jewish music is borrowed from the cultures they live in, or aardvarks have weight.', 'When most Jewish music is borrowed from the cultures they live in is true, it follows that many chemical products found in homes can be hazardous to use or store.', 'Once we know aardvarks have weight, we also know that many chemical products found in homes can be hazardous to use or store.']
|
It is a fact that either humanism teaches atheism, autonomous man, amorality, evolution and one-world socialism or wolves are creatures which humans can both relate to and yet fear. Should it be the case that many chemical products found in homes can be hazardous to use or store, it follows that if either child prodigies become adults or deforestation has profound effects upon regional climate, mainly by reducing rainfall, then those that suggest humanism teaches atheism, autonomous man, amorality, evolution and one-world socialism are wrong. Either some hip sockets are part of yaks or influenza viruses are common pathogens. Once we know some hip sockets are part of yaks, we also know that child prodigies become adults. On the condition that influenza viruses are common pathogens, it is definitely the case that deforestation has profound effects upon regional climate, mainly by reducing rainfall. We know that at least one of two things is true: most Jewish music is borrowed from the cultures they live in, or aardvarks have weight. When most Jewish music is borrowed from the cultures they live in is true, it follows that many chemical products found in homes can be hazardous to use or store. Once we know aardvarks have weight, we also know that many chemical products found in homes can be hazardous to use or store.
|
The claim that wolves are creatures which humans can both relate to and yet fear holds true.
|
Wolves mate for life, and are gentle towards one another.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
Either [2] or [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not [1].).).
[6] [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [7] or [8].
If [7], then [6].
If [8], then [6].
Therefore, [6].
[SC2-2]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then [2].
If [5], then [3].
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
|
{0: 'Wolves are creatures which humans can both relate to and yet fear.', 1: 'Humanism teaches atheism, autonomous man, amorality, evolution and one-world socialism.', 2: 'Child prodigies become adults.', 3: 'Deforestation has profound effects upon regional climate, mainly by reducing rainfall.', 4: 'Some hip sockets are part of yaks.', 5: 'Influenza viruses are common pathogens.', 6: 'Many chemical products found in homes can be hazardous to use or store.', 7: 'Most Jewish music is borrowed from the cultures they live in.', 8: 'Aardvarks have weight.'}
| 5 |
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