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45.0″W / 45.212333°N 119.295833°W / 45.212333; -119.295833 (K16LN-D) Rural Oregon Wireless Television, Inc.
Rainier K17GV-D 17 0.34 kW 227 m (745 ft) 130973 46°9′45.4″N 122°51′9.4″W / 46.162611°N 122.852611°W / 46.162611; -122.852611 (K17GV-D) Rural Oregon Wireless Television, Inc.
Rockaway Beach K20HT-D 20 0.975 kW 387 m (1,270 ft) 49335 45°44′37.3″N 123°56′27.4″W / 45.743694°N 123.940944°W / 45.743694; -123.940944 (K20HT-D) Rural Oregon Wireless Television, Inc.
Rockaway Beach K29LW-D 29 0.975 kW 493 m (1,617 ft) 8534 45°44′37.3″N 123°56′27.4″W / 45.743694°N 123.940944°W / 45.743694; -123.940944 (K29LW-D) Rural Oregon Wireless Television, Inc.
Seaside-Astoria K21DE-D 21 1.86 kW 372 m (1,220 ft) 35468 46°17′10.3″N 123°53′51.5″W / 46.286194°N 123.897639°W / 46.286194; -123.897639 (K21DE-D) Gray Television
The Dalles K29NO-D 29 1.28 kW 557 m (1,827 ft) 35473 45°42′42.4″N 121°7′2.2″W / 45.711778°N 121.117278°W / 45.711778; -121.117278 (K29NO-D) Gray Television
Centerville, WA K10RV-D 10 0.20 kW 5.5 m (18 ft) 186695 45°35′40.0″N 121°7′47.0″W / 45.594444°N 121.129722°W / 45.594444; -121.129722 (K10RV-D) Lowcountry 34 Media, LLC
Prime Time Entertainment Network - Chris-Craft's stations carried PTEN programing 1993–1995
^ a b c "Channel Substitution/Community of License Change". Licensing and Management System. Federal Communications Commission. July 7, 2021. Retrieved July 7, 2021.
^ "Report & Order", Media Bureau, Federal Communications Commission, 12 January 2022, Retrieved 13 January 2022.
^ Nelson, Bob (June 2, 2009). "Call Letter Origins". Vol. 238. The Broadcast Archive. Archived from the original on February 18, 2016. Retrieved June
|
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CommonCrawl
| -2.300598 | -1.759153 | -1.139476 | -2.452849 |
21, 2009.
^ The Oregonian; Date: Sep 20, 1952; Page: 10.
^ a b "TV Film Purchases". Billboard. October 18, 1952. p. 16.
^ "The Nation's Top Television Programs". Billboard. July 30, 1955. p. 10.
^ "Require Prime Evening Time for NTA Films". Boxoffice: 13. November 10, 1956. Archived from the original on June 14, 2009.
^ Murphy, Francis (August 12, 1954). "Behind The Mike". The Oregonian. Section 3, p. 2. Portland's first color telecast was sent out by KPTV from 7-7:35 a.m. Wednesday ....
^ Murphy, Francis (August 16, 1954). "Behind The Mike". The Oregonian. Section 3, p. 2. Sky was blue and apples were red on Portland's few color TV sets Saturday when KOIN-TV sent out [its] first color telecast ....
^ Murphy, Francis (May 12, 1962). "Behind The Mike". The Oregonian. Section 2, p. 3. KPTV starts telecasting in color next fall .... Channel 12 will be using color for [the] first time since NBC-TV net moved to KGW-TV.
^ a b "BHC Communications, Inc. Companies History". Company Histories. Funding Universe. 1997. Retrieved July 20, 2009.
^ Buck, Jerry (May 20, 1978). "John Jakes' 'The Bastard' is latest effort from Operation Prime Time". Eugene Register-Guard. AP. Retrieved July 4, 2013.
^ Susan, King (January 23, 1994). "Space, 2258, in the Year 1994". Los Angeles Times. p. 4. Retrieved June 25, 2009.
^ Whiteside, Lee (April 6, 1995). "B5: Babylon 5 TV Station List/Times updated!". rec.arts.sf.tv. Google Groups. Retrieved November 27, 2006.
^ Viacom wins UPN so let the digestion begin Archived February 5, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, Media Life Magazine, March 2000.
^ Viacom to buy half of UPN: is investing $160 million in fledgling network, Broadcasting & Cable, December 9, 1996. Retrieved October 2, 2013 from HighBeam Research.
^ Hofmeister, Sallie (August 12, 2000). "News Corp. to Buy Chris-Craft Parent for $5.5 Billion, Outbidding Viacom". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 23, 2011.
^ Portland Wrestling Uncut at KPTV
^ "Gray Television Closes on Acquisition of Meredith Corporation's Local Media Group" (Press release). Gray Television. Globe Newswire. December 1, 2021.
^ "Portland Timbers".
^ Tom Hallman Jr., "Like rain or the MAX, 'Perry Mason' a part of Portland", The Oregonian, February 28, 2009.
^ Fox 12 Webstaff, "After 46 years on KPTV, Perry Mason making the move to KPDX", Fox 12 News Website, August 27, 2012
^ "'Perry Mason' move: KPTV general manager says, 'I've agonized over this,'" from The Oregonian, August 27, 2012
^ KPTV Timeline Archived January 2, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
^ Schulberg, Pete (October 22, 1998). "Radio wave-maker Larson is signing-off as a channel 12 anchor". The Oregonian. p. C1.
^ RabbitEars TV Query for KPTV
^ "DTV Tent
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CommonCrawl
| -1.474611 | -0.976589 | 0.682439 | -1.349876 |
ative Channel Designations for the First and Second Rounds" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on August 29, 2013. Retrieved March 24, 2012.
^ "Portland TV stations backtrack, delay digital transition". The Oregonian. February 6, 2009.
^ CDBS Print
Yesterday's KPTV - A look back at KPTV's history
The Story of KPTV (1953)
Broadcast television in Northwest Oregon and Southwest Washington, including Portland, Salem and Vancouver
Full-power
KATU (2.1 ABC, 2.2 Charge!, 2.3 Comet, 2.4 TBD)
KOIN (6.1 CBS, 6.2 getTV, 6.3 REW)
KOAC-TV (7.1 PBS, 7.2 "Plus", 7.3 Kids, 7.4 FM)
KGW (8.1 NBC, 8.2 Crime, 8.3 Quest, 8.4 Twist, 8.5 This, 8.6 theGrio)
KOPB-TV (PBS/OPB, 10.1 HD, 10.2 "Plus", 10.3 PBS Kids, 10.4 FM)
KPTV (12.1 Fox, 12.2 Cozi, 12.3 [Blank], 12.4 Dabl)
KPXG-TV (22.1 Ion, 22.2 Bounce TV, 22.3 Court TV, 22.4 Laff, 22.5 Defy, 22.6 TrueReal, 22.7 Newsy)
KNMT (24.1 TBN, 24.2 Inspire, 24.3 Smile, 24.4 Enlace, 24.5 Positiv)
KRCW-TV (32.1 CW, 32.2 ANT, 32.3 Court TV, 32.4 TBD)
KPDX (49.1 MNTV, 49.2 Mystery, 49.3 Bounce TV, 49.4 Grit)
Low-power
KRCW-LP 5 (CW)
KORS-CD (16.1 HSN, 16.2 YTA)
KWVT-LD (17.1 YTA, 27.1 RTV, 37.1 Azteca)
KJWY-LD (21.1 Telemundo, 21.2 TeleXitos, 21.3 MeTV, 21.4 Ace TV, 21.5 HSN, 21.6 Sonlife)
KJYY-LD (29.1 Telemundo, 29.2 TeleXitos, 29.3 MeTV, 29.4 Ace TV, 29.5 HSN, 29.6 Sonlife)
KSLM-LD (27.1 RTV, 17.1 YTA, 37.1 Azteca)
KOXI-CD (20.1 YTA)
KORK-CD (35.1 YTA)
KEVE-LD (36.1 3ABN)
KKEI-CD (38.1 TMD)
KOXO-CD (41.1 YTA)
KPXG-LD (42.1 Daystar)
KUNP-LD (47.1 UNI, 47.2 TBD, 47.3 Charge!)
K50GG 50 (MNTV)
KGWZ-LD (56.1 ODOT traffic camera loop)
KTVR (PBS/OPB, 13.1 HD, 13.2 "Plus", 13.3 Kids, 13.4 FM)
KUNP (16.1 UNI, 16.2 Stadium, 16.3 Charge!)
K23DB 23 (MNTV)
K26FV 26 (NBC)
K29EL 29 (CBS)
K31GN 31 (CW
|
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313,
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8291,
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29896,
29953,
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17213,
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29896,
29953,
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2896,
479,
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13,
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4051,
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29941,
313,
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8050,
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13,
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29943,
29963,
29871,
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313,
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13,
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6670,
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313,
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13,
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20728,
29871,
29941,
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313,
29907,
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] | 1,024 |
CommonCrawl
| -2.050628 | -1.497 | -0.572649 | -1.769815 |
)
K33FS 33 (FOX)
K35GA 35 (ABC)
K06NI 6 (YTA)
K07YV 7 (CBS)
K18HH 18 (ABC)
K31HZ 31 (PBS)
K51EH 51 (FOX)
K59EK 59 (NBC)
K69AH 69 (MNTV)
Cable-only
TVW (Olympia, WA)
ATSC 3.0 DTV
KRCW-TV (2.1 ABC, 6.1 CBS, 32.1 CW)
KPDX (8.1 NBC, 10.1 PBS, 12.1 Fox, 49.1 MNTV)
KVDO-TV 3 (ind./PBS)
KRHP-LD (14.1 FN, 14.2 Legacy TV, 14.4 JUCE)
KXPD-LP 52 (Azteca)
Northwest Cable News
See also List of television stations in Oregon, and Seattle, Eugene, Bend, Yakima/Tri-Cities, Boise TV
Broadcast television stations by affiliation in the state of Oregon
KATU 2 (Portland)
KIVI 6 (Nampa, ID)
KEZI 9 (Eugene)
KDRV 12 / KDKF 31 (Medford/Klamath Falls)
KVEW 42 (Kennewick, WA)
KOHD 51 (Bend)
KBOI 2 (Boise, ID)
KOIN 6 (Portland)
KBNZ-LD 7 (Bend)
KTVL 10 (Medford)
KVAL 13 / KPIC 4 / KCBY 11 (Eugene/Roseburg/Coos Bay)
KEPR 19 (Pasco, WA)
KNIN 9 (Caldwell, ID)
KFFX 11 (Pendleton)
KPTV 12 (Portland)
KMVU 26 (Medford)
KLSR 34 (Eugene)
KFXO-CD 39 (Bend)
KOTI 2 / KOBI 5 (Klamath Falls/Medford)
KTVB 7 (Boise, ID)
KGW 8 (Portland)
KMTR 16 / KMCB 23 / KTCW 46 (Eugene/Coos Bay/Roseburg)
KTVZ 21 (Bend)
KNDU 25 (Richland, WA)
KTVL-DT 10.2 (Medford)
KMTR-DT 16.2 / KMCB-DT 23.2 / KTCW-DT 46.2 / "KZWB" (Eugene/Coos Bay/Roseburg)
KEPR-DT 19.2 (Pasco, WA)
KTVZ-DT 21.2 (Bend)
KRCW 32 (Salem)
KYUU-LD 35 / KBOI-DT 2.2 (Boise, ID)
KEVU-CD 23 (Eugene)
KUBN-LD 43 (Bend)
KFBI-LD 48 (Medford)
KPDX 49 (Vancouver, WA)
OPB
KOAB 3 (Bend)
KOAC 7 / KEPB 28 (Corvallis/Eugene)
KOPB 10 (Portland)
KTVR 13 (La Grande)
SO PBS
KSYS 8 / KFTS 22 (Medford/Klamath Falls)
KPWT-LD (3.1 H&I, 3.2 Start, 3.3 Movies!, 3.4 Decades, 3.5 MeTV+, 3.6 Story, 3.7 MeTV; Astoria)
KTRV 12 (Ion, Nampa, ID)
KDSO-LD 16 (Rel. Ind.,
|
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313,
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379,
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29902,
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29941,
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29906,
7370,
29892,
29871,
29941,
29889,
29941,
14104,
583,
18565,
29871,
29941,
29889,
29946,
3826,
3076,
29892,
29871,
29941,
29889,
29945,
2191,
8050,
29974,
29892,
29871,
29941,
29889,
29953,
13740,
29892,
29871,
29941,
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29955,
2191,
8050,
29936,
10186,
4108,
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13,
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313,
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265,
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405,
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6156,
29899,
10249,
29871,
29896,
29953,
313,
9662,
29889,
1894,
1696
] | 1,024 |
CommonCrawl
| -2.175613 | -1.504787 | -0.498847 | -1.82041 |
Medford)
KORS-CD 16 (HSN/YTA, Salem)
KUNP 16 / KUNP-CA 47 / KABH-CA 15 (UNI, La Grande/Portland/Bend)
KWVT-LD 17 (YTA, Salem)
KQRE-LD 20 (TMD, Bend)
KPXG 22 (Ion, Salem)
KNMT 24 (TBN, Portland)
KSLM-LD 27 (Retro/Azteca, Salem)
KBLN 30 (3ABN, Grants Pass)
KTVC 36 (3ABN, Roseburg)
KKJB (39.1 TMD, 39.2 Cozi, 39.3 ANT, 39.4 Buzzr; Boise, ID)
KMCW-LP 14 (SBN, Medford)
KRHP-LD (14.1 NRB, 14.2 Walk, 14.3 Smile, 14.4 JUCE; The Dalles)
KBSC-LP 49 (Ind., Brookings)
Broadcast television stations by affiliation in the state of Washington
Network O&Os are in bold
KATU 2 (Portland, OR)
KOMO 4 (Seattle)
KXLY / KXMN-LD 4 (Spokane)
KAPP 35 / KVEW 42 (Yakima/Kennewick)
KREM 2 (Spokane)
KOIN 6 (Portland, OR)
KIRO 7 (Seattle)
KEPR 19 / KIMA 29 (Pasco/Yakima)
KFFX 11 / KCYU 41 (Pendleton, OR/Yakima)
KPTV 12 (Portland, OR)
KCPQ 13 (Tacoma)
KAYU 28 (Spokane)
KING 5 (Seattle)
KHQ 6 (Spokane)
KGW 8 (Portland, OR)
KNDO 23 / KNDU 25 (Yakima/Richland)
KSTW 11 (Tacoma)
KEPR-DT 19.2 / KIMA-DT 29.2 (Pasco/Yakima)
KSKN 22 (Spokane)
KRCW 32 (Salem, OR)
KZJO 22 (Seattle)
KAYU-DT 28.2Secondary (Spokane)
KPDX 49 (Vancouver)
Ion Television
KFFX-DT 11.3 / KCYU-LD 41.3 (Pendleton, OR/Yakima)
KPXG 22 (Salem, OR)
KWPX 33 (Bellevue)
KGPX 34 (Spokane)
KSPS 7 (Spokane)
KCTS 9 / KYVE 47 (Seattle/Yakima)
KOPB 10 (Portland, OR)
KWSU 10 (Pullman)
KBTC 28 / KCKA 15 (Tacoma/Centralia)
KTNW 31 (Richland)
KUNW-CD 2 / KVVK-CA 15 / KORK-CA 16 (UNI, Yakima/Kennewick/Walla Walla)
KIRO-DT 7.4 (TMD, Seattle)
KFFX-DT 11.2 / KCYU-LD 41.2 (TMD, Pendleton, OR/Yakima)
KVOS 12 (H&I, Bellingham)
KONG 16 (Ind., Everett)
KTBW 20 (TBN, Tacoma)
KBCB 24 (Sonlife, Bellingham)
KNMT 24 (TBN, Portland, OR)
KQUP 24 / KDYS-LD 32 / KQUP-LD 47 (Daystar, Pull
|
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29914,
29933,
355,
29897,
13,
29968,
29956,
29963,
29911,
29899,
10249,
29871,
29896,
29955,
313,
29979,
6040,
29892,
317,
12698,
29897,
13,
29968,
29984,
1525,
29899,
10249,
29871,
29906,
29900,
313,
29911,
5773,
29892,
350,
355,
29897,
13,
29968,
29925,
29990,
29954,
29871,
29906,
29906,
313,
29902,
265,
29892,
317,
12698,
29897,
13,
29968,
29940,
11490,
29871,
29906,
29946,
313,
24895,
29940,
29892,
3371,
1049,
29897,
13,
29968,
12750,
29924,
29899,
10249,
29871,
29906,
29955,
313,
8015,
307,
29914,
29909,
8832,
1113,
29892,
317,
12698,
29897,
13,
29968,
13367,
29940,
29871,
29941,
29900,
313,
29941,
2882,
29940,
29892,
1632,
1934,
6978,
29897,
13,
29968,
8050,
29907,
29871,
29941,
29953,
313,
29941,
2882,
29940,
29892,
14008,
3074,
29897,
13,
29968,
29968,
29674,
313,
29941,
29929,
29889,
29896,
323,
5773,
29892,
29871,
29941,
29929,
29889,
29906,
315,
2112,
29875,
29892,
29871,
29941,
29929,
29889,
29941,
13764,
29911,
29892,
29871,
29941,
29929,
29889,
29946,
350,
18813,
29878,
29936,
1952,
895,
29892,
3553,
29897,
13,
29968,
12513,
29956,
29899,
13208,
29871,
29896,
29946,
313,
1977,
29892,
3436,
4006,
29897,
13,
29968,
29934,
3954,
29899,
10249,
313,
29896,
29946,
29889,
29896,
27759,
29933,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29889,
29906,
12878,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29889,
29941,
4116,
488,
29892,
29871,
29896,
29946,
29889,
29946,
435,
29965,
4741,
29936,
450,
360,
26493,
29897,
13,
26067,
7187,
29899,
13208,
29871,
29946,
29929,
313,
2568,
1696,
18737,
886,
29897,
13,
29933,
9972,
4384,
11456,
16355,
491,
23736,
362,
297,
278,
2106,
310,
7660,
13,
13724,
438,
29987,
24768,
526,
297,
14288,
13,
29968,
1299,
29965,
29871,
29906,
313,
2290,
1049,
29892,
6323,
29897,
13,
29968,
6488,
29949,
29871,
29946,
313,
2008,
5315,
29897,
13,
29968,
29990,
16786,
847,
476,
29990,
29924,
29940,
29899,
10249,
29871,
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313,
5592,
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1662,
29897,
13,
29968,
20576,
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29941,
29945,
847,
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12064,
29956,
29871,
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29906,
313,
29979,
557,
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29914,
29968,
264,
1482,
860,
29897,
13,
29968,
1525,
29924,
29871,
29906,
313,
5592,
554,
1662,
29897,
13,
29968,
6992,
29871,
29953,
313,
2290,
1049,
29892,
6323,
29897,
13,
29968,
29902,
1672,
29871,
29955,
313,
2008,
5315,
29897,
13,
6059,
10593,
29871,
29896,
29929,
847,
476,
2260,
29871,
29906,
29929,
313,
29925,
294,
1111,
29914,
29979,
557,
2946,
29897,
13,
29968,
4198,
29990,
29871,
29896,
29896,
847,
476,
29907,
29979,
29965,
29871,
29946,
29896,
313,
29925,
355,
11285,
29892,
6323,
29914,
29979,
557,
2946,
29897,
13,
29968,
7982,
29963,
29871,
29896,
29906,
313,
2290,
1049,
29892,
6323,
29897,
13,
29968,
6271,
29984,
29871,
29896,
29941,
313,
29911,
29874,
510,
29874,
29897,
13,
29968,
29909,
29979,
29965,
29871,
29906,
29947,
313,
5592,
554,
1662,
29897,
13,
29968,
4214,
29871,
29945,
313,
2008,
5315,
29897,
13,
29968,
29950,
29984,
29871,
29953,
313,
5592,
554,
1662,
29897,
13,
29968,
29954,
29956,
29871,
29947,
313,
2290,
1049,
29892,
6323,
29897,
13,
29968,
2797,
29949,
29871,
29906,
29941,
847,
476,
2797,
29965,
29871,
29906,
29945,
313,
29979,
557,
2946,
29914,
25627,
1049,
29897,
13,
29968,
1254,
29956,
29871,
29896,
29896,
313,
29911,
29874,
510,
29874,
29897,
13,
6059,
10593,
29899,
12972,
29871,
29896,
29929,
29889,
29906,
847,
476,
2260,
29899,
12972,
29871,
29906,
29929,
29889,
29906,
313,
29925,
294,
1111,
29914,
29979,
557,
2946,
29897,
13,
29968,
16033,
29940,
29871,
29906,
29906,
313,
5592,
554,
1662,
29897,
13,
29968,
10363,
29956,
29871,
29941,
29906,
313,
29903,
12698,
29892,
6323,
29897,
13,
29968,
29999,
29967,
29949,
29871,
29906,
29906,
313,
2008,
5315,
29897,
13,
29968,
29909,
29979,
29965,
29899,
12972,
29871,
29906,
29947,
29889,
29906,
11863,
653,
313,
5592,
554,
1662,
29897,
13,
29968,
25014,
29990,
29871,
29946,
29929,
313,
29963,
29711,
29897,
13,
29902,
265,
22417,
13,
29968,
4198,
29990,
29899,
12972,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29889,
29941,
847,
476,
29907,
29979,
29965,
29899,
10249,
29871,
29946,
29896,
29889,
29941,
313,
29925,
355,
11285,
29892,
6323,
29914,
29979,
557,
2946,
29897,
13,
29968,
29925,
29990,
29954,
29871,
29906,
29906,
313,
29903,
12698,
29892,
6323,
29897,
13,
29968,
26433,
29990,
29871,
29941,
29941,
313,
29933,
1808,
19682,
29897,
13,
29968,
19903,
29990,
29871,
29941,
29946,
313,
5592,
554,
1662,
29897,
13,
29968,
5550,
29903,
29871,
29955,
313,
5592,
554,
1662,
29897,
13,
29968,
1783,
29903,
29871,
29929,
847,
476,
29979,
12064,
29871,
29946,
29955,
313,
2008,
5315,
29914,
29979,
557,
2946,
29897,
13,
29968,
4590,
29933,
29871,
29896,
29900,
313,
2290,
1049,
29892,
6323,
29897,
13,
29968,
7811,
29965,
29871,
29896,
29900,
313,
29925,
913,
1171,
29897,
13,
26067,
9472,
29871,
29906,
29947,
847,
476,
7077,
29909,
29871,
29896,
29945,
313,
29911,
29874,
510,
29874,
29914,
23369,
1705,
423,
29897,
13,
29968,
29911,
29940,
29956,
29871,
29941,
29896,
313,
25627,
1049,
29897,
13,
29968,
3904,
29956,
29899,
6530,
29871,
29906,
847,
476,
29963,
29963,
29968,
29899,
5454,
29871,
29896,
29945,
847,
476,
1955,
29968,
29899,
5454,
29871,
29896,
29953,
313,
3904,
29902,
29892,
612,
557,
2946,
29914,
29968,
264,
1482,
860,
29914,
29956,
9864,
5260,
433,
29897,
13,
29968,
29902,
1672,
29899,
12972,
29871,
29955,
29889,
29946,
313,
29911,
5773,
29892,
27689,
29897,
13,
29968,
4198,
29990,
29899,
12972,
29871,
29896,
29896,
29889,
29906,
847,
476,
29907,
29979,
29965,
29899,
10249,
29871,
29946,
29896,
29889,
29906,
313,
29911,
5773,
29892,
349,
355,
11285,
29892,
6323,
29914,
29979,
557,
2946,
29897,
13,
29968,
29963,
3267,
29871,
29896,
29906,
313,
29950,
29987,
29902,
29892,
350,
7807,
3391,
29897,
13,
29968,
20614,
29871,
29896,
29953,
313,
2568,
1696,
18274,
1803,
29897,
13,
29968,
24895,
29956,
29871,
29906,
29900,
313,
24895,
29940,
29892,
10523,
510,
29874,
29897,
13,
29968,
5371,
29933,
29871,
29906,
29946,
313,
29903,
265,
19264,
29892,
350,
7807,
3391,
29897,
13,
29968,
29940,
11490,
29871,
29906,
29946,
313,
24895,
29940,
29892,
3371,
1049,
29892,
6323,
29897,
13,
29968,
29984,
4897,
29871,
29906,
29946,
847,
476,
29928,
21554,
29899,
10249,
29871,
29941,
29906,
847,
476,
29984,
4897,
29899,
10249,
29871,
29946,
29955,
313,
12742,
8508,
29892,
349,
913
] | 1,024 |
CommonCrawl
| -2.273427 | -1.541125 | -0.838214 | -2.02785 |
man/Spokane)
KWDK 42 (Daystar, Tacoma)
KFFV 44 (MeTV, Seattle)
KUNS-TV 51 (UNI, Bellevue)
KCRG-TV
KJCT-LP
KLTV / KTRE
KOLO-TV
KOTA-TV / KHSD-TV / KNEP / KSGW-TV
KSPR-LD
KSFY-TV / KPRY-TV
KSWO-TV
WBAY-TV
WBKO
WCJB-TV
WGGB-TV
WHSV-TV
WLOX
WPTA
WTOK-TV
WTVM
WTVG
WWSB
KAUU
KAUZ-TV SSA
KCTV
KEYC-TV
KFDA-TV
KFVS-TV
KGMB
KGWN-TV / KSTF
KMVT
KNOE-TV
KNPL-LD
KOLD-TV
KOLN / KGIN
KOSA-TV
KPHO-TV
KSLA
KWCH-DT / KBSD-DT / KBSH-DT / KBSL-DT
KWTX-TV / KBTX-TV
KXII
KXDF-CD
KXJB-LD
KYLX-LD
WABI-TV
WAFB
WAGM-TV
WANF
WBNG-TV
WBTV
WCAX-TV
WCSC-TV
WCTV
WDBJ
WECP-LD
WFSB / WSHM-LD
WIBW-TV
WIFR-LD
WIYE-LD
WKYT-TV / WYMT-TV
WNEM-TV
WOIO / WOHZ-CD / WTCL-LD
WRDW-TV
WSAW-TV / WYOW
WTOC-TV
WTVY
WVLT-TV
WWNY-TV
KEVN-LD
KIIT-CD
KNDX / KXND
KMSB SSA
KNIN-TV 1
KSVT-LD
KXLT-TV SSA
KVHP
KVVU-TV
KYOU-TV
WALA-TV
WBRC
WDBD SSA
WFLX 1
WHNS
WNYF-CD
WOVA-LD
WSFX-TV SSA
WSVF-CD
WVFX
WVUE-DT
WXIX-TV
WXTX SSA
WZAW-LD
KALB-TV
KATH-LD / KSCT-LP
KBJR-TV / KRII
KCBD
KCWY-DT
KDLT-TV / KDLV-TV
KFYR-TV / KQCD-TV / KMOT / KUMV-TV
KGNS-TV
KHNL / KOGG / KSIX-TV
KKCO
KMNF-LD
KNEP
KNOP-TV
KPLC
KSNB-TV
KTIV
KTTC
KTUU-TV
KTVF
KVLY-TV
KWQC-TV
KYTV
WAGT-CD
WALB
WDAM-TV
WEAU
WECT
WEEK-TV
WFIE
WGEM-TV
WILX-TV / WLNM-LD
WITN-TV
WJHG-TV
WLBT
WLTZ SSA
WLUC-TV
WMBF-TV
WMC-TV
WNDU-TV
WRGX-LD
WSAZ-TV
WSFA
WSMV-TV / WTNX-LD
WSVW-LD
WTAP-TV
WVIR-TV / WVIR-CD
WVVA
WWBT / WRID-LD
WWPI-LD
KCWH-LD / KNHL
KCWO-TV
KNCT
KSCW-DT
WQCW
WUAB / WOHZ-CD / WTCL-LD
WUPV
KAUU-DT4
KFXF-LD
KSMO-TV
KW
|
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] | 1,024 |
CommonCrawl
| -2.322334 | -1.72541 | -1.164581 | -2.23529 |
GreatHopeStudio
Games released by GreatHopeStudio
1 The Rescue Squad Aug 25, 2021 $0.49 N/A (N/A) 0 .. 20,000 00:00 (00:00)
2 Puppy Adventure May 23, 2021 $1.49 N/A (N/A) 0 .. 20,000 00:00 (00:00)
3 Drowned Gems May 28, 2021 $0.99 N/A (N/A) 0 .. 20,000 00:00 (00:00)
4 Orc Scrolls Jul 6, 2021 $2.99 N/A (N/A) 0 .. 20,000 00:00 (00:00)
5 Gongo Feb 14, 2021 $1.49 N/A (N/A) 0 .. 20,000 00:00 (00:00)
6 Bird Jan 12, 2021 $1.99 N/A (N/A) 20,000 .. 50,000 00:00 (00:00)
7 Drift Mania Mar 23, 2021 $1.49 N/A (N/A) 0 .. 20,000 00:00 (00:00)
8 The Sunken Hero May 7, 2021 $3.99 N/A (N/A) 0 .. 20,000 00:00 (00:00)
9 Desert War Sep 12, 2021 $0.99 N/A (N/A) 0 .. 20,000 00:00 (00:00)
10 Hoverboard Chase Jul 2, 2021 $0.99 N/A (N/A) 0 .. 20,000 00:00 (00:00)
11 Night Monsters Mar 24, 2021 $2.99 N/A (N/A) 0 .. 20,000 00:00 (00:00)
12 Snow Wars Mar 13, 2021 $2.99 N/A (N/A) 0 .. 20,000 00:00 (00:00)
13 Sudden Darkness Oct 30, 2021 $0.49 N/A (N/A) 0 .. 20,000 00:00 (00:00)
14 Pug With Bomb Aug 24, 2021 $0.49 N/A (N/A) 0 .. 20,000 00:00 (00:00)
15 Golden Boy Jul 27, 2021 $3.99 N/A (N/A) 0 .. 20,000 00:00 (00:00)
16 Fly Or Die Nov 25, 2021 $0.99 N/A (N/A) 0 .. 20,000 00:00 (00:00)
17 Old Hunter Aug 28, 2021 $2.49 N/A (N/A) 0 .. 20,000 00:00 (00:00)
18 Return Alive Nov 6, 2021 $1.99 N/A (N/A) 0 .. 20,000 00:00 (00:00)
19 Stolen Eggs Jul 30, 2021 $4.99 N/A (N/A) 0 .. 20,000 00:00 (00:00)
20 Ragdoll Knight Jun 4, 2021 $0.99 N/
|
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CommonCrawl
| -2.436451 | -2.745469 | -1.878284 | -2.675467 |
Rodney Agatupu Anoa'i más conocido como Yokozuna (San Francisco, California, 2 de octubre de 1966 - Liverpool, 22 de octubre de 2000) fue un famoso luchador profesional estadounidense de la WWF (hoy WWE). El término Yokozuna hace referencia al más alto rango en la lucha de sumo en Japón, pero Anoai era en realidad samoano. Fue Campeón de la WWF, por primera vez, al derrotar a Bret Hart en Wrestlemania IX (1993) y campeón por segunda vez derrotando a Hulk Hogan en el King of the Ring de ese mismo año. También fue 2 veces campeón mundial por parejas con Owen Hart y ganó un Royal Rumble en 1993. Es el Campeón de la WWE más pesado de la historia (267 kg). Gozó de gran popularidad en las décadas de los 80 y 90. En 2012 de manera póstuma fue inducido en el Salón de la Fama de la WWE.
Carrera
American Wrestling Association (1984-1992)
La carrera de Anoa'i en la lucha libre profesional empezó cuando crecía en una familia de luchadores, la familia Anoa'i. Sus tíos eran The Wild Samoans, Afa y Sika, quienes lo entrenaron de una temprana edad en el negocio familiar. Anoa'i adoptó el nombre de The Great Kokina mientras entrenaba en Japón. También pasó algún tiempo en México aprendiendo el oficio y obteniendo la experiencia suficiente para ser una estrella en el deporte. Su primera gran exposición en los Estados Unidos fue en la American Wrestling Association como Kokina Maximus. Luchando como una superestrella samoana, fue manejado por Sheik Adnan El Kassey. En storyline, él fue el responsable de romper la pierna a Greg Gagne y haber finalizado su carrera.
World Wrestling Federation (1992-1996)
Debut y WWF Champion (1992-1994)
En 1992 , Anoa'i fue contactado por Vince McMahon en la World Wrestling Federation (WWF) y le ofreció un puesto en el roster junto con The Samoans (Fatu y Samoan Savage). El 17 de agosto de 1992, en un episodio de Prime Time Wrestling (grabado en Portland, Maine), the Samoans (que pronto serían the Headshrinkers) hicieron su debut. El comentarista Gorilla Monsoon hizo una mención de otro Samoano más grande que pronto aparecería en la WWF. Anoa'i haría su debut inicial como Kokina en una lucha no televisada el 1 de septiembre de 1992 en una grabación de WWF Superstars en Hershey, Pensilvania. Luchando como Kokina, derrotó a Ron Neal. Esta sería la única vez que Anoa'i lucharía bajo este gimmick. Poco después se le ofreció un nuevo gimmick: Yokozuna.
Fallecimiento
Anoa'i fallece el 23 de octubre del 2000 en la ciudad de Liverpool en Inglaterra producto de un Edema pulmonar, mientras este se encontraba en una gira de lucha libre en un circuito independiente por Europa. En el momento de su muerte, se reportó que había fallecido como consecuencia de un infarto derivado de su sobrepeso, pero de acuerdo a las autopsias llevadas a cabo, se demostró que sus pulmones estaban llenos de fluidos a lo que le provocó un fallo respiratorio que terminó finalmente con su vida. En el momento de su deceso, Anoa'i pesaba 580 Libras (260 kilogramos). Está sepultado en el cementerio Green Hills Memorial Park en Rancho Palos Verdes.
En lucha
Movimientos finales
Banzai Drop (Corner slingshot seated senton)-Innovado
Running leg drop
Movimientos de firma
Bearhug
Caminar sobre
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Wikipedia
| -0.936633 | -0.549455 | 0.388351 | -1.507986 |
When? December 2017, Start of trip, Heathrow via Seoul. Going on to Guam.
Today, I'm witnessing a text book example of how not to manage a business. British Airways have soared to 1 out of a 100 for customer service. They have cancelled virtually every single flight out of Terminal 5 today but they've done it surreptitiously, one at time, so the flight departure board isn't a total sea of red and the queue of irate passengers waiting to get rebooked lengthens gradually. Their announcements only say that 'some' flights' have been cancelled. Harrumph. My flight to Seoul, scheduled for 1 pm is delayed and delayed until, several gin and tonics later, it's cancelled at 5 pm.
I'm told to queue at the guest services desk in the lounge to re-book. There are five computers, but only one person actually servicing re-bookings. Other BA employees drift in and out, but seem to do nothing. Guest relations ladies are confused and can offer little information other than passing on the horrifying news that there is a mountain of bags downstairs and it could take up to two days to retrieve our luggage via the gate. So not the remotest chance of cancelling and re-booking ourselves. The advice is to stay in the queue, re-book and hope the bag is tracked onto the new flight. So I do. The processing is taking roughly 20 minutes per person. Sometimes the line stops moving altogether. There are a few officious announcements, and folk are understandably irate. One particularly depressing announcement informs us that even if we leave the lounge we won't be able to get out of the airport as we have to pass through immigration, which is locked solid. 'Stay in the lounge and have a drink'. They regret that advice later as time moves inexorably on and we are told that the re-booking desk will close at 10 pm. The queue extends right to the other end of the lounge. Peeping out, we can see that things are even worse downstairs. The alcohol and food are quietly removed.
They section off the front part of the queue and tell the huge snake behind it to go away, they will not be dealt with today. There is, understandably some dissension. 'Nothing we can do', the staff mumble. The queue goes even slower and I'm not convinced I will be seen before the deadline, even though it has now been extended to 10.30. I've been standing in line with an American, who I've dubbed Philadelphia Man- that's where he's going – and three guys, all Seoul bound like me. There's an engineer from Bristol and two cameramen going out to film preparations for the Winter Olympics. Which they fear will be finished by the time they arrive. (Their cameras are in the mountain of luggage.) One of them is Dicky Davies' (World of Sports) son. We have a little wine and cheese party on swivel seats, inching them along with the queue. A Frenchman raises his voice a little, whilst understandably requesting that BA deploy more staff who can man the computers. A manager tells him she will call the police – they will be armed- if he speaks to her like that. And she does. Ridiculous. No giving of information, no soothing, no looking after clients, just staff avoiding confrontation and sidling away.
The kind lady manning the one re-booking computer agrees to stay till eleven (she is the 1% that BA scored) and glory be, she re-books me just before the Cinderella hour. Korean Air, tomorrow evening. I'm not risking BA again.
I wave good bye to my queue comrades. The cameramen are going via Hong Kong tomorrow- good luck to them- it's a BA connection and they have already started cancelling tomorrow's flights. Now, all I have to do is get out of the airport. A scurrying shop assistant tells me I need to exit via gate 20- I don't know how he knows this- but no-one else has been thoughtful enough to pass this information on. Down the steps and then I spy the immigration queue. It is truly horrendous. I take the channel for transit instead and then notice, to my delight, that the line for the EU
|
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] | 1,024 |
C4
| 0.341065 | -0.58482 | -0.321766 | -0.889461 |
electronic passports is virtually empty. This whole melee consists of poor stranded foreigners. So I thread my way out and emerge landside. I've contemplated sleeping here, I've been told there are no hotels with vacancies this side of Gatwick, but airside has been totally closed down and landside is teeming. It will be murder. So I try Hotels. Com and come up with one in Windsor, only 11 km excellent. I will use Uber. Who accept the booking and then mysteriously the approaching car vanishes in a whirring app dot. As does any possibility of a replacement. There is a long line of taxis waiting- hurrah- but an even longer line of folk waiting to take one. And the system must have been organised by BA staff- well it is Terminal 5- as the process for loading and unloading is tortuous. I wait for an hour in the sub-zero temperatures talking to other passengers. It seems that other airlines have been running, if behind schedule. It's only BA that have cancelled nearly everything. Two ladies in front of me were actually on the tarmac for four hours before being de-planed again and they report that a flight attendant told them that some of the pilots had walked out, while the planes were being de-iced. Finally, I reach the front of the quuee, I haven't quite qualified as a slush puppy. 11 kilometres won't cost much will it?' 'Seventy five pounds flat fare,' the female driver announces as we leave the airport. 'I can take you back if you don't want to do it'. O yes-to the back of the taxi queue. What a glorious day.
The hotel restaurant isn't much better than the British Airways terminal. Its freezing cold- we're all sitting here in our coats. There's gas fire in a tiled Victorian surround, but I'm informed that it doesn't work. Neither does the nearest radiator. The scrambled eggs are cold and congealed and the hash browns rock hard. Most of the other chafing dishes, tantalisingly labelled sausage, bacon etc. are empty. The waitress brings me cold toast and tells me she will inform me when the dishes are replenished. I slurp runny yogurt and sour fruits of the forest while I'm waiting. Half an hour later she nods at me. There are fresh eggs and a platter of charred bacon.
My plan is to check in as early as I can to allow maximum time for my bag to be tracked down. But all in vain. There is eye rolling at check-in when I inquire if they will be able to locate my bag today. I'm not optimistic. At the gate it is clear that no-one has made the slightest attempt to load it onto the plane. It's still in a great heap somewhere. Even if it follows, catching it up with me will be a nightmare.
And I'm away for seven weeks. I was concerned about flying to Seoul's airport at Incheon in any case, as it's situated right next to the North Korean border. Then I'm going on to Saipan and Guam, in theory, so Trump has another week to keep his finger off the nuclear button before I'm clear of the possible disaster area.
This day came and went very quickly. Korean Air was very comfortable, with great food – even steaks cooked perfectly to order. (BA take note.) Though the entertainment consists of very old family film. The counter clerks at Seoul are solicitous and super-efficient. (BA take note again.) I have every confidence they will deliver my bag to me if they possibly can. I just don't have any confidence that BA will find it and get it out here. Déjà vu at Incheon airport as I wander around looking for something good to eat. Pork and rice is a welcome discovery.
Air Asiana from Incheon to Saipan is a new experience; it's very brown. Dijon mustard cloth seats, cream fuselage, coffee coloured uniforms and chicken with rice. Immigration isn't quite the usual American interrogation. The officer is in convivial mode. He notes that I had been to Iran (Ha!) and starts wittering about Moslem terrorists. He confides that a man has tried to blow himself up in Manhattan today with a pipe bomb (I know, I read the news).
|
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C4
| 0.415912 | -0.98178 | -0.634795 | -1.230345 |
'Idiot,' he goes on, 'he couldn't even do that properly. It's easy enough to make a decent bomb.' And he proceeds to tell me how to do it. I can't believe my ears. He's either very bored or this is a cunning plot to see if I am overly interested. I collapse into bed at 4a.m.
Saipan was shoehorned in as a last minute addition, after Shane showed me the BEEN app in Central Asia. I only had two nights originally. Now I'm down to one. Well almost. I fly out to Guam at ten this evening. I've arranged for a whistle stop tour, to be followed by some snoozing on the beach. First, some shopping in the supermarket. A black and white capsule wardrobe, the best the reductions bin has to offer. Even so, clothes, toiletries and bag, have already added up to over 200 dollars. The flip-flops are already beginning to hurt. I don't think they will make it home. It will do me good to live like a hippy. At least I won't have to agonise over what to wear, or exceeding the luggage allowance.
My guide is very friendly little Japanese man called Mitsu (as in Mitsu-bishi- he helpfully adds.) Mitsu says that there are only 1,000 Japanese left now, out of a total population of 60,000. Twenty thousand of these are Filipinos, working on building projects and in the hotels. There were a lot of Chinese last year, but they had to go home because of Trump's new visa policy. So the huge gilded and garish casino is only half complete. It's being phased in so all the Filipinos will go home next year. Then there won't be anyone left to do the work. He says most of the tourists used to be Japanese but now they are mainly Chinese and Korean. I know from visiting Macau, that Chinese tourists love casinos.
Saipan is tiny, 22 miles long with a very pretty turquoise lagoon on the west side. The mountains are in the north and this is where the sights are, mainly views from towering cliff tops. Japanese memorials mark Banzai Cliff and Suicide Cliff, sites from the 1944 Battle of Saipan. Whole families committed ritual suicide onto the rocks, or into the boiling sea below, to avoid the shame of surrender to the Americans. It's a gorgeous view, so the site generates very mixed emotions, especially when you read that the older children had to push the younger ones over in turn. Emperor Hirohito had written that Saipan was strategically too important and should be defended at all costs.
There are also some pretty palm-fringed white sand beaches and a blue grotto where you can snorkel, if you want to clamber down 110 slippy steps, and that's about it. Three hours does it nicely. Or it would have, if Mitsu's transport had co-operated. His people carrier is wheezing and clanging along. 'Alternator', he explains. We edge up the hills painfully, unlike the Chinese tourists. It seems it's fashionable to rent a Mustang in red, shocking pink or yellow. The shocking pink is the most popular. Then you find a scenic spot, elevate the doors at a rakish angle and pose for selfies.
Mitsu decrees that we should change vehicle to tackle the highest mountain in Saipan, for the 360 degree view of the island. He brings round a pick up. Good, we might pick up a little pace now. But no, this one begins juddering too. 'Fuel pump', Mitsu says, pulling apologetic faces. The island is quietly green and jungle covered, with just one urban strip – the 'capital' Garapan.
The hotel is one of those places that looks better at night. It's prettily illuminated with blue streams of lights round the pool, not to forget the blue trees and reindeer. Lights on water are always nice. Out front it's luxe gold lights and more reindeer. It's good cover for the concrete slabs surrounding the pool, the mildly depressing ambience and the unremarkable beach. I don't understand the Trip Advisor review pla
|
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C4
| 0.890591 | -0.761278 | 0.304069 | -0.638146 |
Legends Sports Gallery: A Sports Fan(atic)'s Hangout
Author: Paul deVere | Photographer: Anne
Igrew up in a small town south of Chicago. Everybody knew everybody up and down 5th Avenue in Kankakee, Illinois. And everybody went to Christiansen's corner store for everything from loaves of Rainbo bread and spools of thread to wax lips and Topps baseball cards. Bins were filled with penny and nickel and dime candy. I can still smell it.
You could get cheap baseballs too, and since the store was a few blocks from the tennis courts, there was a can or two of balls on the counter.
Mr. Christiansen told stories and Mrs. Christiansen just made you happy you were there. Looking back, when we kids would enter the store, it was always with a sense of both comfort and wonder.
Watching people walk into Legends Sports Gallery at Main Street Village, it isn't difficult to pick up on that same kind of comfort and wonder. While you can't get a loaf of bread at Legends, you can get cinnamon bears and salt water taffy from a company that's been making it for 125 years. As for those Topps baseball cards?
"We have what we call 'super boxes.' I take all these [baseball cards], I have a million cards back here, I'll take an accumulation of cards and I'll insert some real special ones and a coupon, good for one dollar or five dollars," says Jerry Glenn, showing me one of the store's more popular items for kids. It's simply a plain white box. The treasures are hidden inside. "They love them. They're $9.95 and $19.95— very reasonable. A mother calls from out of town and tells us the kids loved opening the boxes on their trip home. That's why Lori and I can't wait to get to the shop each morning. You have to love what you're doing," Glenn adds. Lori is Glenn's daughter, just as enthusiastic about sports as her dad.
Lori has just finished helping a customer who is leaving, package in hand, and laughing. It's a common sound in Legends. She had told the customers a story. Both father and daughter are great storytellers.
"Tell him the one about the Cub's gnome," Jerry Glenn says to his daughter. They both laugh. Of the thousands of products Legends offers and, as Jerry Glenn reminded, products nobody really needs, sports garden gnomes, similar to the Travelocity gnomes in television commercials, have become a hit. Their gnome hat has the logo of the team they "represent," and their clothes imitate the particular team's colors. There seems to have been a gnome invasion of the MLB, NFL, and NCCA. And they are funny.
So Lori begins. "One of our customers bought a Cubs gnome for his mother, who lives in St. Louis Cardinal territory. She named the gnome Norman. She puts Norman on the front porch when the Cubs win. It's next to the toilet in the bathroom when they lose. So our customer comes in again. He says, 'My mom wants six more Cubs gnomes.' And he explains. 'Every time she's invited to a friend's house for dinner (remember they're all Cardinal fans), she'll hide a Norman in their house and not tell them. So a day or two later, Norman shows up in their house.' Is that fantastic or what?" Lori Glenn says. Laughing (full disclosure, I am a Cubs fan), I agree that it is.
Jerry Glenn tells me that, prior to my visit, he has looked up the origin of the word "fan."
"There are all kinds of descriptions," Glenn says, "but it comes from the word 'fanatic.' That's our customer, whether they're four or 94. They are fans, and they are young or young again. I see an older guy come in and I say, 'Look around, you'll see some old friends of yours.'"
I see an old friend. Ernie Banks, "Mr. Cub," MVP 1958 and 1959, when I am 13 and 14 respectively. I am a kid again, at Wrigley Field, with my dad (a Sox fan). The same dad who used to serve Babe
|
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CommonCrawl
| 0.91912 | -1.264697 | 0.353383 | -0.053378 |
Q: rebar: error exit on create-app: {crypto,start,[]} I followed the instructions here, to the letter. I then ran the instruction to create an application project structure, and got the following error.
$ ./rebar create-app appid=myapp
Uncaught error in rebar_core: {'EXIT',
{undef,
[{crypto,start,[]},
{rebar_core,run,1},
{rebar,main,1},
{escript,run,2},
{escript,start,1},
{init,start_it,1},
{init,start_em,1}]}}
Any ideas what I'm doing wrong?
A: A clarification to YOUR ARGUMENT IS VALID's answer (adding as an answer because the comment is too short).
It may be that Erlang was compiled properly but the OpenSSL libraries are not visible to Erlang, so the crypto server can't be started. I compiled Erlang on Solaris 10 and it didn't complain about OpenSSL not being installed. In fact, it compiled crypto and installed it in: /usr/local/lib/erlang/lib/crypto-2.2/
But Rebar still wasn't working. It's easy to check if the problem is indeed with the crypto module.
Open Erlang shell and type crypto:start(). This was happening on my system:
bash-3.2# erl
Erlang R15B03 (erts-5.9.3.1) [source] [smp:2:2] [async-threads:0] [hipe] [kernel-poll:false]
Eshell V5.9.3.1 (abort with ^G)
1> crypto:start().
** exception error: undefined function crypto:start/0
2>
=ERROR REPORT==== 8-Feb-2013::15:28:43 ===
Unable to load crypto library. Failed with error:
"load_failed, Failed to load NIF library: 'ld.so.1: beam.smp: fatal: relocation error: file /usr/local/lib/erlang/lib/crypto-2.2/priv/lib/crypto.so: symbol DES_ede3_cfb_encrypt: referenced symbol not found'"
OpenSSL might not be installed on this system.
=ERROR REPORT==== 8-Feb-2013::15:28:43 ===
The on_load function for module crypto returned {error,
{load_failed,
"Failed to load NIF library: 'ld.so.1: beam.smp: fatal: relocation error: file /usr/local/lib/erlang/lib/crypto-2.2/priv/lib/crypto.so: symbol DES_ede3_cfb_encrypt: referenced symbol not found'"}}
If OpenSSL is installed in a non-standard location, as it is the case when using OpenCSW to install OpenSSL on Solaris 10, it is easy to fix the problem by adding the library path to the environment variable. For example on Solaris 10 to /etc/profile:
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/opt/csw/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
Then log-out and log-in or re-load the bash environment, for example like this:
bash-3.2# . /etc/profile
Result:
bash-3.2# erl
Erlang R15B03 (erts-5.9.3.1) [source] [smp:2:2] [async-threads:0] [hipe] [kernel-poll:false]
Eshell V5.9.3.1 (abort with ^G)
1> crypto:start().
ok
A: It looks like your Erlang was compiled without OpenSSL (the crypto module). crypto is required for many (most?) Erlang applications. You'll need to get a version of Erlang with a working crypto module, and then you shouldn't have any problems like this.
A: I'd recommend using precompiled Erlang which is available from Erlang Sol
|
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| -1.44744 | 0.049959 | -1.082092 | -0.601702 |
Nicole Eggert Gets Support From Fellow Celebrities After Scott Baio Sexual Misconduct Allegations
Alberto E RodriguezGetty Images
Victoria Miller
Nicole Eggert's recent sexual misconduct allegations against Scott Baio have blown up the internet. Eggert, who worked with Baio from 1984 to 1990 on the TV sitcom Charles in Charge, has alleged that the actor sexually molested her starting at age 14. Scott Baio has strongly denied Nicole Eggert's allegations against him via a Facebook Live video and multiple social media posts.
Eggert first made claims against Baio back in 2012, according to the Hollywood Reporter, but Baio did not respond to the claims at that time. In his new Facebook Live video, Scott showed two letters from Nicole Eggert and fellow Charles in Charge co-star Alexander Polinsky, who Baio claims "decided to team up against" him with a series of abuse and misconduct claims dating back to their time working together on the CBS sitcom. Scott Baio alleges that he told Eggert and Polinksy to go to the police if they had legitimate abuse claims against him, but they never did.
Nicole Eggert has been vocal about the fact that she had a sexual relationship with Scott Baio. In a previous radio interview with the Nik Richie Radio, Nicole alleged that she lost her virginity to Scott at the age of 17 after she asked him to sleep with her. Scott Baio, who would have been 29 years old at the time, says he did not have sexual relations with Eggert until after she turned 18.
Nicole Eggert claims Scott Baio molested her as a minor https://t.co/rYOZCZc6TT pic.twitter.com/vfbeCHqo8z
— Hollywood Reporter (@THR) January 27, 2018
Now that Nicole Eggert has gone public about her alleged experiences with Scott Baio, the actress is getting support from fellow celebrities. Actor Adam Carl, who had a guest role in a 1988 Charles in Charge episode, took to Twitter to support Eggert's claims against Baio.
"When I worked on Charles in Charge in '88, I sat with you while you cried about that abusive a**hole," Adam wrote. " I know you're telling the truth and I'm so glad to see you speaking out."
Actress Kimberly Johnson also had Nicole's back, writing: "I had the unpleasant experience of working with him on Diagnosis Murder. He was a monumental a**hole. On a side note — your mom was my agent for a few years in the 90s, @NicoleEggert."
Other celebrities, including actor Tom Arnold, Patricia Arquette, TV writer Audrey Wauchope, and Marcy Playground founding member Jared Kotler all took to social media to offer support to Nicole Eggert. Arquette also fired back that Eggert's allegations against Scott Baio have nothing to do with his Republican political leanings and outspoken support of Donald Trump.
Love you Nicole. Always have.
— Jared Kotler (@Marcy_Kid) January 28, 2018
I'm with you @NicoleEggert if you need anything at all please let me know
— Tom Arnold (@TomArnold) January 27, 2018
I'm sorry people are coming at you and Alexander for political reasons. It is not political.
— Patricia Arquette (@PattyArquette) January 28, 2018
No offense to @ScottBaio, but I believe @NicoleEggert. She hasn't made a career of F'ing women in Hollywood and then bragging about it. She is 100% more believable. (And that doesnt even take into account his last few years of Alt Right BS.) https://t.co/AXoGkktxBP
— Jeremy Newberger (@jeremynewberger) January 28, 2018
I am so sorry, Nicole. You deserved better.
— Caissie St.Onge (@Caissie) January 27, 2018
#timesup I believe you ❤️
—
|
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CommonCrawl
| -0.054267 | -0.885095 | -0.290384 | -1.20315 |
Select Departure CityLondonManchester (£449)Birmingham (£449) Select Length of Stay5 nights7 nights (£449) Select Departure Dates15, 16, 18-23, 25, 30 Apr '22 (£459)14, 16, 18, 20, 21, 23-25, 30 Apr '22 (£449)(SOLD OUT) 13, 14, 16, 18-21, 23 Apr '22 (£449)(SOLD OUT) 22, 24 Apr '22 (£449)17, 24 Apr '2217, 24, 25 Apr '22 (£449)15-17, 20, 22, 23, 27 Apr '22 (£449)(SOLD OUT) 2, 5, 7 May '22 (£449)2-4, 6, 7 May '22 (£449)1, 8 May '22 (£449)(SOLD OUT) 1, 4, 6, 8 May '22 (£449)1, 2, 7-9 May '22 (£479)4-6, 12 Jun '22 (£719)5, 12, 16 Jun '22 (£449)(SOLD OUT) 3, 7 Jun '22 (£449)1, 4, 8 Jun '22 (£449)4-6, 12, 18, 19 Jun '22 (£449)3, 10 Jul '22 (£449)2-4, 10 Jul '22 (£449)2-4 Jul '22 (£849)21, 22 Aug '22 (£449)21, 28 Aug '22 (£449)21, 22, 29 Aug '22 (£859)25, 30 Sep '22 (£449); 28, 30 Sep '22 (£449)(SOLD OUT) 26, 28, 30 Sep '22 (£449)(SOLD OUT) 28-30 Sep '22 (£449)24, 25 Sep '22 (£449)25, 26 Sep '22 (£559)
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Groupon Getaways FAQ
✈ Ibiza: 5- or 7-Night All Inclusive Stay at Hotel Biv
✈ Ibiza: 5- or 7-Night All Inclusive with Flights
Included in all options:
All-inclusive stay for one person in a classic room with a terrace with return flights and train transfers between the cities; based on two people sharing
Option 1: with London flights
£449–£859 for 5 nights, depending on the departure date chosen
Option 2: with Manchester flights
Option 3: with Birmingham flights
*Per Person Offer
Customers must purchase two vouchers to complete booking.
Bookings fulfilled by Jetline Holidays
For more on booking getaways trips, see the FAQ
* 14 Apr to 30 Sep 2022
No modification or cancellation allowed after booking confirmation. Bookings are non-refundable and non-transferable to another destination once confirmed.
Due to the current health crisis, please check the current measures before any purchase
The four-star Vibra Hotel Algarb sits on the seafront at Playa d'en Bossa, alongside two outdoor, sea-facing poolsfor children and adults. The hotel rooms are air-conditioned and feature floor-to-ceiling windows with side or frontal sea view, balconies, TVs and minibars as well as private bathrooms.
Guests can enjoy all-inclusive services
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CommonCrawl
| -1.230075 | -2.148488 | -1.867524 | -1.795113 |
at the on-site restaurant serving international cuisine dishes, as well as at the poolside bar and the lobby bar.
Groupon's Guide to Ibiza
The third largest of the Balearic Islands but no less famous than Majorca or Menorca, Ibiza has become synonymous with vivid nightlife, clubbing and the electronic music to which it gave birth. A magnet for tourists in a continuous search of partying, the island has become over the years a popular holiday destination blending nature with buzzing modern life.
Though mostly known for its macro-clubs, the island has another side to it, less noisy but much more impressive and exotic. The rocky and mountainous island was once covered in thick wild pine tree forests which still endure in the unspoiled northern half of the island providing a green refuge for wildlife and nature seekers. Benefiting from a mild climate, the island is an example of majestic interaction between marine and coastal scenery. Azure blue lagoons bordered by rocky cliffs covered in lush Mediterranean vegetation sheltering a vast fauna have brought Ibiza the title of UNESCO World Heritage Site. Culture and history enthusiasts may arm themselves with a pair of light shoes and head to the old town or Dalt Vila. Here, among narrow cobbled streets, imposing medieval Catalan buildings towered by a Gothic cathedral offer testimony of the island's royal past and culture.
With the summer season starting in early May, Ibiza boasts a Mediterranean climate with long, hot summers, and mild winters. Between the months of June and September rainfall is seen very rarely, while August remains the driest month of the year, with temperatures over 30ºC for long periods during the day. Though autumn is not ideal for sunbathing, travellers seeking to visit the cultural landmarks of Ibiza will be pleased with the windy days.
Check-in from 2pm, check-out by midday
Staff speak English
Valid for arrivals on dates from 14 Apr to 30 Sep 2022.
Price per person (pp) based on double occupancy. You must buy 2 vouchers min. to complete booking.
If you want to travel alone, single supplements will apply based on the departure date and time. Please enquire with the Travel Provider at the time of booking.
Validity period depends on option purchased (date and number of nights).
Must book within 7 days from voucher purchase and at least 20 days ahead of departure.
Booking required by phone: 0208 511 1793 or email victor@jetlinetravel.com, and subject to availability.
Confirmations will be sent out within 3 working days from the date the booking is completed with the Travel Provider.
Limit of 4 vouchers per person. May buy extra vouchers as gifts but not to extend the stay.
Transportation details:
Valid for direct flights from London Gatwick, London Luton, London Stansted, Manchester or Birmingham, to Ibiza.
Travel documents to be received up to 1 day before departure. You must go with your boarding pass printed to the airport, at the risk of having to pay additional charges.
This holiday is an ATOL protected holiday. More info here.
Depending on flight schedules and transfers, the first or the last night might not be entirely spent in the hotel. Flight departure points, dates and hours are subject to availability and cannot always be guaranteed. Supplements may apply if busy dates get overbooked and you must always purchase the Groupon Voucher first.
Only a small piece of hand luggage per person included. Hand luggage policy depends on the airline; for details, please enquire with the travel provider directly. Check-in bags can be added depending on carriers' charges. Cost will be advised at the time of booking by the travel provider.
Not included: in-flight meals and airport transfers.
Airport taxes included.
The hotel is located in Illes Balears, Spain.
City tax included.
For child/infant policy please enquire when booking.
For travel advice, please check here.
A valid passport is mandatory.
Valid for stay in a standard double for 1 person (sharing with another person).
Jetline Travel Lt has taken out insolvency protection with Civil A
|
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CommonCrawl
| 0.55911 | -1.060945 | -0.503778 | -0.617513 |
'Govt policies like T20 match': RBI Deputy Governor Viral Acharya's speech that got him into trouble
India Today 24 June 2019
Viral Acharya in October 2018 made a powerful speech lamenting that the government did not respect central bank's independence (with historic examples) and would sooner or later incur the wrath of financial markets, ignite economic fire and come to rue the day they undermined the regulatory institution
Viral Acharya, who joined the Reserve Bank of India as deputy governor (in charge of monetary policy) in January 2017 is known for expressing his views frankly. The 45-year old surprised the market in October last year when he made his views public on differences between RBI and the government. He made a powerful speech lamenting that the government did not respect central bank's independence (with historic examples) and would sooner or later incur the wrath of financial markets, ignite economic fire and come to rue the day they undermined the regulatory institution. Acharya was speaking on the "importance of independent regulatory institution - the case of the central bank", at the A D Shroff Memorial lecture in Mumbai.
Deputy Governor Acharya went on to compare government's 'myopic' economic policies to a T20 cricket match, in contrast to the long-term planning of a central bank, which he called a Test match. While his words of caution did not fall on deaf ears, the reaction they elicited was not amicable.
To know what Viral Acharya exactly said, here is the full text of his speech:
No analogy is perfect; yet, analogies help convey things better. At times, a straw man has to be set up to make succinctly a practical or even an academic point. Occasionally, however, real life examples come along beautifully to make a communicator's work easier. Let me start today with an antecedent from 2010 as it is particularly apposite for the theme of my talk:
"My time at the central bank is up and that is why I have decided to leave my post definitively, with the satisfaction of my duty fulfilled," Mr Martin Redrado, Argentina's central bank chief, told a news conference late on Friday, January 29, 2010.
"We have arrived at this situation because of the national government's permanent trampling of institutions," he said. "Basically, I am defending two main concepts: the independence of the central bank in our decision-making process and that the reserves should be used for monetary and financial stability."
The roots of this dramatic exit lay in an emergency decree passed by the Argentine government led by Cristina Fernandez on December 14, 2010, that would set up a Bicentennial Stability and Reduced Indebtedness Fund to finance public debt maturing that year. This involved the transfer of $6.6 billion of the central bank reserves to the national treasury. The claim was that the central bank had $18 billion in "excess reserves." [In fact, Mr. Redrado had refused to transfer the funds; so the government attempted to fire him, by another emergency decree on January 7, 2010 for misconduct and dereliction of duty; this attempt, however, failed, as it was unconstitutional.]
Besides sparking off one of the worst constitutional crises in Argentina since its economic meltdown in 2001, the chain of events led to a grave reassessment of its sovereign risk.
Within a month of Mr. Redrado's resignation, Argentine sovereign bond yields and the annual premium cost for buying insurance against loss from default on Argentine government bonds (measured as the sovereign credit default swap spread) shot up by about 2.5% or 250 basis points, by more than a fourth of their prior levels.
Alberto Ramos, Argentina analyst at Goldman Sachs, noted on February 7, 2010: "Using central bank reserves to pay government obligations is not a positive development and the concept of excess reserves is certainly open to debate. It weakens the balance sheet of the central bank and provides the wrong incentive to the government, as it weakens the incentive to control the rapid expansion of spending and to promote some consolidation of fiscal accounts in 2010."
E
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CommonCrawl
| 0.696321 | 0.589838 | 0.720097 | 0.123705 |
ven more damagingly, a risk that Governor Redrado had warned about came to the fore. By beginning of January, 2010, Thomas Griesa, a New York judge, had frozen the Argentine central bank's account held at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, following claims of investors that the central bank was no longer an autonomous agency but under the thumb of the country's executive branch.
(The above summary is based in part on Argentina's central bank chief resigns, Jude Webber, Financial Times, January 30, 2010; and Argentina: Bank independence at stake as Redrado exits, Jason Mitchell, Euromoney, February 7, 2010)
This complex interplay of the sovereign's exercise of its powers, the central banker's exit, and the market's revolt, will be at the center of my remarks today on why it is important for a wellfunctioning economy to have an independent central bank, i.e., a central bank that is independent from the executive branch of the government. I will also try to lay out why the risks of undermining the central bank's independence are potentially catastrophic, a "self-goal" of sorts, as it can trigger a crisis of confidence in capital markets that are tapped by governments (and others in the economy) to run their finances.
Why Nations Succeed (or Fail)
Before I delve into this complex interplay, I wish to place the independence of the central bank in a more general context.
Academic discourse by political economists recognises the key role played by the rule of law and accountability of governments in enabling countries to flourish. Francis Fukuyama (The Origins of Political Order, 2011) considers these two elements, along with adequate state- and institution-building, as all being critical for "getting to Denmark," or in other words, creating stable, peaceful, prosperous, inclusive and honest societies.
Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson (Why Nations Fail, 2012) summarize their body of work on the primacy of the quality of institutions in explaining the political and economic success or failure of states. Taking examples of "twin" country case studies (such as S. Korea and N. Korea), the book elaborates the following important distinction:
- Inclusive economic and political institutions involve plurality in decision-making which help guarantee the rule of law and foster talent and creativity; in the presence of such institutions, economics and politics do not become hostage to a set of incumbents likely to be hurt by change.
- In contrast, extractive institutions limit access to a country's economic and financial resources to the ruling elites, hinder change and innovation, and over time, lead to stagnation and atrophy of the country's potential.
In conversations with former colleagues at New York University's Stern School of Business (NYU Stern), it was routine to categorise economies as encouraging and supporting either value creation, whereby entrepreneurs believed their mantra of success lay in challenging orthodoxy, or rent extraction, wherein businesses found value primarily from joining hands with regressive state policies and crowding out others who had no such access.
Regardless of the preferred theory and terminology for the importance of institutions, it is well accepted that they include, inter alia, property rights and their enforcement, the judiciary, and the election office in a democracy, instituted not just de jure but allowed to operate independently and function effectively de facto.
Somewhat less celebrated is the institution of an independent central bank, perhaps not just because the central bank is a relatively new kid on the block (in most cases less than a century old), but also because it interacts less directly with the public though its true influence is farreaching.
Government and the Central Bank - A Tale of Two Horizons
A central bank performs several important functions for the economy: it controls the money supply; sets the rate of interest on borrowing and lending money; manages the external sector including the exchange rate; supervises and regulates the financial sector, notably banks; it often regulates credit and foreign exchange markets; and, seeks to ensure financial stability, domestic as well as on the external front.
The world over, the central bank is set up as an institution separate from the government; put another way, it is not a department of the executive function of the government; its powers are enshrined as being separate through relevant legislation. Its tasks being somewhat complex
|
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CommonCrawl
| 1.568498 | 1.568368 | 1.148677 | 1.701007 |
and technical, central banks are ideally headed and manned by technocrats or field experts - typically economists, academics, commercial bankers, and occasionally private sector representatives, appointed by the government but not elected to the office. This architecture reflects the acceptance of the thesis that central banks should be allowed to exercise their powers independently.
Why is the central bank separate from the government? I will offer what I find to be a particularly intuitive explanation:
(1) The first part of the explanation relates to the horizon of decision-making of a government vis-a-vis that of the central bank.
A government's horizon of decision-making is rendered short, like the duration of a T20 match (to use a cricketing analogy), by several considerations. There are always upcoming elections of some sort - national, state, mid-term, etc. As elections approach, delivering on proclaimed manifestos of the past acquires urgency; where manifestos cannot be delivered upon, populist alternatives need to be arranged with immediacy. Less important in the present scenario, but only recently so, wars had to be waged, financed and won at all costs.
This myopia or short-termism of governments is best summarized in history by Louis XV when he proclaimed "Apres moi, le deluge!" (After me, the flood!).
In contrast, a central bank plays a Test match, trying to win each session but importantly also survive it so as to have a chance to win the next session, and so on. In particular, the central bank is not directly subject to political time pressures and the induced neglect of the future; by virtue of being nominated rather than elected, central bankers have horizons of decisionmaking that tend to be longer than that of governments, spanning election cycles or war periods. While they clearly have to factor in the immediate consequences of their policy decisions, central bankers can afford to take a pause, reflect, and ask the question as to what would be the long-term consequences of their, as well as government's, policies. Indeed, by their mandate central banks are committed to stabilise the economy over business and financial cycles, and hence, have to peer into the medium to long term. Unsurprisingly, central banks strive to build credibility through a series of difficult choices that reflect sacrificing short-term gains for long-term outcomes such as price or financial stability.
(2) The second part of the explanation as to why the central bank is separate from the government relates to the observation that much of what the central bank manages or influences - money creation, credit creation, external sector management, and financial stability - involves potential front-loaded benefits to the economy but with the possibility of attendant "tail risk" in the form of back-loaded costs from financial excess or instability. For example,
(i) Greater supply of money can facilitate ease of financial transactions, including the financing of government deficits, but this can cause economy to over-heat in due course and trigger (hyper-) inflationary pressures or even a full-blown crisis that eventually require sharper monetary contractions;
(ii) Excessive lowering of interest rates and/or relaxation in bank capital and liquidity requirements can lead to greater credit creation, asset-price inflation, and semblance of strong economic growth in the short term, but excessive credit growth is usually accompanied by lending down the quality curve which triggers mal-investment, assetprice crashes, and financial crises in the long term;
(iii) Allowing foreign capital flows to flood into the economy can temporarily ease the financing pressures for an expanding government balance-sheet and the crowded-out private sector, but a "sudden stop" or exodus of these flows in future can trigger a collapse of the exchange rate with adverse economy-wide spillovers; and,
(iv) Sweeping bank loan losses under the rug by compromising supervisory and regulatory standards can create a facade of financial stability in the short run, but inevitably cause the fragile deck of cards to fall in a heap at some point in future, likely with a greater taxpayer bill and loss of potential output.
While not always the case, often the required interventions for stable growth are structural reforms by the government with upfront fiscal outlay; however, these may compromise populist expenditures or require displeasing incumbents. As a result, it might seem as an expedient solution to the government to ask/task/mandate/direct the central bank to pursue strategies that generate short-term gains
|
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] | 1,024 |
CommonCrawl
| 1.136485 | 1.474927 | 0.603537 | 1.407555 |
but effectively create tail risks for the economy. To protect the economy from such short-termism, the central bank is designed to be at a safe distance from the executive branch of the government.
Undermining the Independence of the Central Bank
Now, although the central bank is formally organised to be separate from the government, its effective horizon of decision-making can be reduced for short-term gains by the government, if it so desires, through a variety of mechanisms, inter alia,
(i) Appointing government (or government-affiliated) officials rather than technocrats to key central bank positions, such as Governor, and more generally, senior management;
(ii) Pursuing steady attrition and erosion of statutory powers of the central bank through piece-meal legislative amendments that directly or indirectly eat at separation of the central bank from the government;
(iii) Blocking or opposing rule-based central banking policies, and favoring instead discretionary or joint decision-making with direct government interventions; and,
(iv) Setting up parallel regulatory agencies with weaker statutory powers and/or encouraging development of unregulated (or lightly regulated) entities that perform financial intermediation functions outside the purview of the central bank.
If such efforts are successful, they induce policy myopia in the economy that substitutes macroeconomic stability with punctuated arrival of financial crises.
Therefore, there are several reasons why enshrining and maintaining central bank independence ends up being an inclusive reform for the economy; and conversely, undermining such independence a regressive, extractive one:
(i) When the government is seen often making efforts to dilute the central bank's policies and effectively coercing the central bank into such dilutions, banks and private sector spend more time lobbying for policies that suit them individually, at the cost of collective good, rather than investing in value creation and growth.
(ii) When governance of the central bank is undermined, it is unlikely to attract or be able to retain the brightest minds that thrive on the ability to debate freely, think independently, and effect change; attrition of central bank powers results in attrition of its human capital and deterioration of its efficiency and expertise over time.
(iii) When important parts of financial intermediation are kept outside the purview of the central bank, systemic risks can build up in "shadow banking" with private gains in good times to a small set of players but at substantive costs to future generations in the form of unchecked financial fragility.
As such, the divergence in horizon of decision-making between government and the central bank that I have highlighted need not lead to any operational incompatibility as long as it is well-understood and well-accepted by both parties that it is precisely given this divergence that the central bank is formally separated from the executive office and meant to conduct its functions in an independent manner. The central bank can of course make mistakes, and is generally held publicly accountable through parliamentary scrutiny and transparency norms. This way, the institutional arrangement of independence, transparency and accountability to the public not only balance but also strengthen the central bank's autonomy. However, direct intervention and interference by the government in operational mandate of the central bank negate its functional autonomy.
"Kiss of Death" - Incurring the Wrath of Markets
Far-sighted government leaders may be able to reap benefits of convincing voters about the importance of investing in macro-economic stability; for instance, by claiming credit for the long-term nature of financial sector outcomes attained by allowing the central bank autonomy in decision-making and delivery of its core functions. When such a measured perspective of an independent central bank as a key element of durable economic prosperity is missing and/or government myopia so rife as to lead to regular inroads into central banking apparatus and decisions, unfortunate accidents can arise. Macroeconomic management can become a tug of war between securing stability and inflicting misdirection; daily operational decisions lead to power struggles; and, as the central bank is forced to bend over backwards to retain credibility in the face of imminent pressures that would erode its independence, counter efforts to reduce its independence escalate.
As this dynamic plays out, markets watch keenly, and if uncertainty grows and confidence in central bank independence and credibility erode, then markets rap bond yields and exchange rate on the knuckles!
|
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CommonCrawl
| 0.957159 | 1.718911 | 0.122954 | 0.853539 |
Let me elaborate.
Modern economies are, by and large, not autarkies; they rely on capital markets to finance their investments. This is especially true of governments as reflected in the relatively large size of sovereign (and quasi-sovereign) debt markets, denominated in domestic currency as well as foreign currency. As long-term risks such as inflation or financial instability rise, markets reprice sovereign debt and may potentially shun its financing altogether. This could have immediate spillovers to other markets such as for foreign exchange and foreign investments, potentially putting at risk also the external sector stability of the economy.
Therefore, the presence of this third player - the market - in the back and forth between a government and the central bank (more generally, regulatory institutions) is an important feedback mechanism. The market can discipline the government not to erode central bank independence, and it can also make the government pay for its transgressions. Interestingly, the market also forces central banks to remain accountable and independent when it is under government pressure.
Besides the market revolt and strictures during the Argentine episode of 2010 that I recounted in my introductory remarks, it is to be noted that both of this year's emerging market sovereign bond and currency meltdowns got catalysed through a perception of government influence on central bank's monetary policy, including through sporadic communication by government with public on its desire to control the central bank's decision-making. In one case, a rate cut in the wake of rising inflation and mounting fiscal deficit did the damage; and in the other, it was a public pronouncement by the premier of the state about the "evils" of interest rate hikes even when inflation was in double digit terrain.
Indeed, the market censure need not be limited to emerging markets. The public expression of government's bewilderment and disappointment at monetary tightening in the world's largest safe-haven economy, again at a time of rising inflation and fiscal deficit, has raised in minds of investors scenarios under which its reserve currency status cannot anymore be taken for granted (A debate about central-bank independence is overdue, The Economist, Oct 20, 2018).
Barry Eichengreen, Professor of Economics and Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley, covers superbly, in his recent piece (2018), this critical feedback role of the market:
"There are good reasons why countries... delegate monetary policy decisions to technocrats appointed for their expertise. They can take the long view. They can resist the temptation to manipulate monetary conditions for short-term gain. Privileging long-term stability, as history has shown, is positive for economic performance. And it is on this performance that elected leaders, rightly or wrongly, are judged.
Thoughtful politicians understand this. Hence their support for central bank independence and their respect for the convention that they should refrain from seeking to influence central bank decisions. Unfortunately, not all politicians are thoughtful. Not all have the patience to wait for long-term gains. Not all are pleased when appointees refuse to bow to their wishes. And not all are respectful of inherited institutions and conventions, be they central bank independence or, more broadly, the division of powers.
The question is whether they pay attention to markets."
What Barry Eichengreen is perceptively observing is that if a government were to pay attention to markets, it would realize that central bank independence is in fact its strength and the central bank a sort of a true friend, someone who will tell the government unpleasant but brutally honest truths and correct to the extent it can any adverse long-term consequences of government policies.
Let me now turn to how all this relates to the Reserve Bank of India.
The Late Deena Khatkhate provides a masterful and scholarly assessment in Reserve Bank of India: A Study in the Separation and Attrition of Powers (2005). Some of the discussion below draws heavily from his assessment and is updated for developments since then. Other excellent discussions of the central bank's autonomy and independence in the Indian context are contained in lectures by the Reserve Bank of India's former Governors, Dr. C. Rangarajan (1993) and Dr. Y. V. Reddy (2001, 2007). As we will see below, other Governors and Deputy Governors have also carried this
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CommonCrawl
| 1.785863 | 1.500883 | 1.098467 | 1.46321 |
abiding theme through their tenures. For some of them, even when the Reserve Bank's independence has been unclear de jure, governments have in the end have had the wisdom to support it de facto; for others, however, the Reserve Bank's independence has remained a work in progress, an enduring challenge that the nation has been grappling with on an ongoing basis.
Progressive Evolution in Restoring Independence of the Reserve Bank of India
While the Reserve Bank has always derived several important powers from the Reserve Bank Act, 1935 and the Banking Regulation Act, 1949, what matters is the effective independence with which these powers can be exercised in practice. Over time, great strides have been undertaken by successive governments at the behest of the central bank, several economists, and umpteen committee reports, to restore the operational independence of the Reserve Bank. I will touch upon three such areas of healthy progress.
(1) Monetary Policy: The Reserve Bank, like many central banks of the time, got quickly trapped into the socialist planning policies of post-independence government, setting not just the rate of interest on money but practically all rates of credit at different maturities, as well as doing sectoral credit allocation to the real economy.
Post the deregulation of interest rates in the 1990s, monetary policy achieved a more modern dimension. To start with, there was a "multiple indicators" approach to setting interest rates. Having too many objectives for monetary policy violates the Tinbergen principle of "one objective, one instrument"; it also renders it difficult to understand or communicate what the interest-rate setting is attempting to achieve at any point of time. Importantly, this approach entertained much regulatory discretion, often at the level of an individual, viz. the Reserve Bank Governor. This made independence of monetary policy individual-specific; in other words, it allowed for government pressure to creep in easily for keeping rates low at times of fiscal expansion under one guise or the other.
This is exactly a setting where rules would be better than discretion, in particular to avoid the time-inconsistency problem, highlighted in the work of Nobel laureates Finn Kydland and Edward Prescott in 1970s and early 1980s. Kydland and Prescott (1977) consider the implication that people, including investors, could look into the future and anticipate the behavior of self-interested governments, so that a discretionary monetary policy could end up being compromised by government pressures, leaving inflationary expectations unanchored, whereas a monetary policy committed to a rule would be harder to bend and keep inflationary expectations at bay.
Following several episodic bouts of double-digit inflation, a war on inflation and inflationary expectations, was finally launched in September 2013 by the then Governor Raghuram G Rajan; the Urjit Patel Committee Report to Revise and Strengthen the Monetary Policy Framework was released in 2014; and, finally, the Reserve Bank of India Act was modified in August 2016 to constitute the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC).
The MPC consists of three RBI members, including the Governor who reserves a casting vote, and three external members appointed by the government. The MPC has been legislatively awarded a flexible inflation-targeting mandate of achieving 4% consumer price index (CPI) inflation in the medium term, while paying attention to growth, with operational independence to achieve it, and with accountability in terms of transparency around the MPC's resolution, minutes summarising each individual committee member's decision, bi-annual monetary policy reports, and a written report to the government in case a +/- 2% band around the target inflation level is violated for three quarters in a row.
The MPC, two years old since, has attempted steadfastly through its rate-setting decisions to build credibility of the inflation target, a process that is generally believed, and empirically documented, to help lower the long-term bond yields as well as stabilise the exchange rate. While the jury will remain out for some time on the economic impact of the flexible inflation-targeting framework, it is incontrovertible that the MPC has given monetary policy an independent institutional foundation. The government deserves much credit for its far-sightedness in legislating the required changes to strengthen this aspect of central
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CommonCrawl
| 1.49242 | 1.360722 | 0.851002 | 1.574519 |
bank's independence and distancing itself in the process from monetary decision-making (other than through the appointment of external members on the MPC).
(2) Debt Management: For several decades post-independence, the Reserve Bank participated in short-term Treasury Bill issuances of the Government of India (bearing extraordinarily low interest rates) to fund its fiscal deficits. The Reserve Bank also publicly acknowledged that its open market operations (OMOs) were primarily geared to manage the government bond yields. This implied that the central bank balance-sheet was always available as a resource - just like tax receipts - ready to monetise excessive government spending. Unsurprisingly, high inflation in India was engineered to please both Milton Friedman and Thomas Sargent, i.e., it was always both a monetary and a fiscal phenomenon, as these two Nobel laureates in economics had respectively argued (Friedman, 1970 and Sargent, 1982).
Eventually, recognizing the fiscal imprudence and inflationary risks engendered by such automatic monetization of government deficits, joint efforts between the Reserve Bank and the government during 1994-1997 limited deficit financing from the Reserve Bank to the capped Ways and Means Advances (WMA). The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act of 2003 explicitly prohibited the Reserve Bank from participating in primary issuances of the government securities. Open market operations came to be designed to sterilise the impact on domestic money supply of foreign exchange interventions and/or to meet durable liquidity needs of the economy, rather than to fund deficits. While there have been relapses to old habits, overall these changes have left the task of government debt management with the Reserve Bank as primarily being one of auctioning government debt and helping it switch between securities or conduct buybacks, rather than of intricate involvement in fiscal planning, and more importantly, in its funding.
Furthermore, the repressive levels of Statutory Liquid Ratio (SLR) and Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR), which ensured substantial portions of bank deposits were channeled to the government or were readily available to debase in value through monetary expansion, have now been rationalised to be more or less in line with international prudential standards. For instance, in case of SLR, the level has been steadily reduced and the plan is to harmonise it with the Basel III Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR).
(3) Exchange Rate Management: In the Five Year Plans post-independence, prices including the exchange rate were assumed to be constant; however, since the true value of the Rupee fluctuated with market prices and macroeconomic conditions, the Sterling holdings had no choice but to take an undue hit. The underlying true value of the Rupee was also affected heavily -- but not reflected in reality -- by monetary policy and debt management operations that were implicitly supporting the ballooning of government deficits. The result of the fixed exchange rate regime in the midst of "fiscal dominance" was that the Reserve Bank was essentially a silent spectator in the build-up to the inevitable exchange rate disequilibrium (though arguably this was true of much of the world at that time).
Since 1976, when the level of the Rupee moved to being a "managed float" against a basket of currencies, and especially since 1993, the exchange rate has gradually evolved from being entirely a fixed rate to being market-determined for all practical purposes. The Reserve Bank deploys reserves management and macro-prudential controls on foreign capital flows to manage excessively large movements. With a flexible inflation targeting mandate for interest-rate policy and funding of fiscal deficit no longer the objective of monetary operations, the desired exchange rate management rests with the Reserve Bank.
Ongoing Challenges in Maintaining Independence of the Reserve Bank of India
Few important pockets of persistent weakness, however, remain in maintaining independence of the Reserve Bank. Some of these areas were also identified in the 2017 Financial Sector Assessment Programme (FSAP) of India by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB) as ways to strengthen the independence of the Reserve Bank, an area
|
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CommonCrawl
| 0.712624 | 1.448971 | 0.669887 | 0.777647 |
in which the FSAP rates India as "materially non-compliant".
(1) Regulation of Public Sector Banks: One important limitation is that the Reserve Bankis statutorily limited in undertaking the full scope of actions against public sector banks (PSBs) - such as asset divestiture, replacement of management and Board, license revocation, and resolution actions such as mergers or sales -- all of which it can and does deploy effectively in case of private banks. The significant implications of this limitation were highlighted in detail in Governor Patel's speech in March 2018, Banking Regulatory Powers should be Ownership Neutral. To reiterate from the FSAP (Para 39 in Summing up Responsibilities, Objectives, Powers, Independence, and Accountabilities, the Basel Core Principles Detailed Assessment Report):
"Legislation should be amended to enable the RBI to extend all the powers currently exercised over private sector banks to PSBs; in particular, regarding Board member dismissals, mergers and license revocation... It should also remove the option of an appeal to the government when the RBI revokes a license. If statutory changes are difficult, the RBI and the government should consider adopting a framework agreement whereby the government would acknowledge the RBI's full operational authority and independence in supervision and regulation, as they did recently for monetary policy."
(2) The Reserve Bank's Balance-sheet Strength: Having adequate reserves to bear any losses that arise from central bank operations and having appropriate rules to allocate profits (including rules that govern the accumulation of capital and reserves) is considered an important part of central bank's independence from the government (see, for example, Moser-Boehm, 2006). A thorny ongoing issue on this front has been that of the rules for surplus transfer from the Reserve Bank to the government (Cogencis, 2018, "Govt pegs RBI excess capital at 3.6 trln rupees, seeks it as surplus"), an issue that relates closely to the leading Argentine example in my introductory remarks. It has been covered deftly by Rakesh Mohan (2018) in the last of his three-part series of recentarticles on the Reserve Bank, titled Protect the RBI's balance-sheet; therein, he elucidates why a central bank needs a strong balance-sheet to perform its full range of critical functions for the economy. I quote his main points below:
"First, ... The longer-term fiscal consequences would be the same if the government issued new securities today to fund the expenditure. [R]aiding the RBI's capital creates no new government revenue on a net basis over time, and only provides an illusion of free money in the short term."
"Second, ... The use of such a transfer would erode whatever confidence that exists in the government's intention to practice fiscal prudence."
"Third, ... In theory, a central bank can implement monetary policy appropriately with a wide range of capital levels, including levels below zero. In practice, the danger is that it may lose credibility with the financial markets and public at large, and may then be unable to attain its objective if it has substantial losses and is seen as having insufficient capital.
Are fears with regard to possible central bank losses illusory? According to the Bank for International Settlements (BIS), 43 out of 108 central banks reported losses for at least one year between 1984 and 2005.
It is also argued by some that the government can always recapitalise a central bank when necessary. This is certainly true in principle but is practically difficult when the government itself suffers from fiscal pressures and maintains a relatively high debt-GDP ratio, as is the case in India. What is also important is the erosion of central bank independence both in reality and perhaps, even more importantly, in optics...
Once again, better sense has prevailed and the government has not raided the RBI's balance sheet."
(3) Regulatory Scope: A final issue is one of regulatory scope, the most recent case in point being the recommendation to bypass the central bank's powers over payment and settlement systems by appointing a separate payments regulator (also covered by Rakesh Mohan in his series, ibid). The Reserve Bank has published its dissent note against this recommendation on October 19
|
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CommonCrawl
| 0.561827 | 1.386678 | 0.754168 | 1.063509 |
, 2018.
Let me conclude with some notes of gratitude and dedication as well as some for further reflection. Mr. Malegam has been a long-time adviser, friend and well-wisher of the Reserve Bank of India, as well as its former Board Member. He is someone I personally admire for his intellect, clarity of thinking and sagacity. I thank you, Mr. Malegam, for inviting me to deliver the A D Shroff Memorial Lecture for this year.
The Late Ardashir Darabshaw Shroff served as India's non-official delegate in 1944 at the United Nations "Bretton Woods Conference" on post-war financial and monetary arrangements. One of his primary concerns was to seek a permanent seat on the executive board of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, which unfortunately did not materialise. To me, his most important contribution was the co-founding in 1954 of the Free Forum Enterprise think tank which through open dialogue presented a counterpoint to the socialist tendencies that were taking root in the country in the post-independence era government. Sucheta Dalal's biography, A. D. Shroff - Titan of Finance and Free Enterprise (2000), notes that George Woods,one of the most popular presidents of the World Bank, said of him:
"Nobody could accuse A. D. Shroff of hiding his opinions and in the later years of his life, very rarely were those opinions fashionable in India. Yet few patriots did more than he [did] to makefriends for the Indian nation and to build confidence in that nation among those throughout the world whose business it is to provide capital for sound investment opportunities."
In all humility, to emulate A. D. Shroff's freedom to criticize policy "actuated by the single motive of trying to promote the good of my country" (from his letter to Sir Osborne Smith, the first Governor of the Reserve Bank), I chose for today's occasion the theme of the importance of independent regulatory institutions, and in particular, that of a central bank that is independent from an over-arching reach of the state. This theme is certainly one of great sensitivity but I contend it is of even greater importance to our economic prospects. I earnestly hope that I have done some justice to his immortal legacy to independent economic discourse and policy-making.
In the process, I have attempted to convince you that we have made good progress in earning the Reserve Bank's independence, most notably in the monetary policy framework (changes wherein, along with the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code and the Goods and Services Tax, were considered as crucial structural reforms by Moody's in upgrading India's sovereign rating eleven months back). To secure greater financial and macroeconomic stability, these efforts need to be extended to effective independence for the Reserve Bank in its regulatory and supervisory powers over public sector banks, its balance-sheet strength, and its regulatory scope. Such endeavor would be a true inclusive reform for the Indian economy's future. Thankfully, it is only a matter of making the right choices, which I believe as a society we can with adequately thoughtful "what-if" analysis; I have sketched a scenario, which several parts of the world are presently witnessing, of great risk to nations from undermining the independence of their central banks.
In his excellent biography, Volcker: The Triumph of Persistence (2012), my former NYU Stern colleague, Bill Silber, describes in vivid detail how in the 1980s, the then Federal Reserve Governor Paul Volcker adopted a curmudgeonly approach to setting interest rates to target inflation. Besides resisting any and all pressure to keep rates low, which would have effectively allowed cheap funding - in the short term - of President Reagan's expansionary deficit-based manifesto, Volcker engaged personally with the President to convey the perils of running high fiscal deficits right after double-digit inflation had just been tamed. In the end, Volcker won the day as wise counsel prevailed, deficits were reined in, and inflation tamed even further. I would argue that through Volcker's tough stance on inflation and candour on risks from government's fiscal plans, the institution of the Federal Reserve had in fact been President Reagan's true friend.
As many parts of the world today await greater government respect for central bank independence,
|
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CommonCrawl
| 2.01953 | 0.64694 | 0.386557 | 1.068568 |
H-Diplo | ISSF
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|
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CommonCrawl
| -0.978747 | -0.931166 | -0.961947 | -0.704789 |
read
April 3, 2012 by John Prados·Comments Off on Author's Response to Article Review 12 on "Cyborg Pantocrator: International Relations Theory from Decisionism to Rational Choice."7 min read
Nicolas Guilhot and Ido Oren both contribute useful insights, in the paper Guilhot published in Behavioral Sciences, and in Oren's review of it here. I would like to offer a more personal perspective based on my own experience. As a young History student at Columbia College from 1969 to 1973 I did, nevertheless, hover on the edges of the Political Science Department and its Institute of War and Peace Studies, the hotbed of IR at Columbia. From 1973 to 1981 I was a graduate student in IR at the Institute—and a direct observer of all of this. William T. R. Fox was my mentor, seconded by the nuclear weapons theorist Warner R. Schilling. Fox's impact on the field has been dimmed by time but merits greater attention—it was he, after all, who coined the term "superpower," and whose participation in a study group with Bernard Brodie led to the first systematic attempt to consider the international implications of the atomic bomb in The Absolute Weapon.[1]
Response to H-Diplo | ISSF Article Review 12
Christopher Ball and Diane Labrosse, H-Diplo/ISSF Editors
George Fujii, H-Diplo/ISSF Web and Production Editor
Commissioned by Christopher Ball
Response to Ido Oren's Article Review and on Nicolas Guilhot's "Cyborg Pantocrator: International Relations Theory from Decisionism to Rational Choice." Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences 47:3 (Summer 2011): 279–301, published by ISSF on 31 March 2012.
Response by John Prados
Published by H-Diplo | ISSF on 3 April 2012
PDF- https://issforum.org/ISSF/PDF/ISSF-AR12-Response.pdf
In any case the Guilhot reconstruction, in my view, does not quite correspond to how I remember the evolution of the field. At the time it was a matter of absorbing a constant stream of articles, papers, and books of various stripes. The views of figures mentioned in this study—not only Morganthau and Waltz, but Kaplan, Singer, Guetzkow, Snyder, and Verba—and others who go unmentioned, such as Graham Allison, Morton Halperin or Karl Deutsch, were actively taught at Columbia, and those and other figures passed through the doors of War and Peace on their pilgrimages to advocate their particular approaches. We played Guetzkow's Inter-Nation Simulation at Columbia (incidentally, its lesson was that investment in economic development was far more productive than even greater amounts devoted to defense procurement), and the "rationality" of decision-making was a central focus of inquiry. This at a supposed center of "realist" thinking.
The reviewer articulates a certain vision Nicolas Guilhot attributes to the school he calls "behavioralist"—that it was not a matter of "empirical, inductive methods of discovering international realities" but "deductive approaches that abstracted away from these realities." I agree that an approach like that evolved in the 1980s—but in the 60s and 70s, the timeframe considered here, I believe the IR enterprise was much more one of applying a variety of tools to the analysis of issues. There was no bitter debate among contending factions that I recall. That came later. We believed that the decisions and actions of governments could be illuminated by basic national goals, institutional influences identified by understanding bureaucracies, political interests woven into the mix, with additional factors applying to policy outcomes including technological developments, historical biases, and serendipitous factors.
I also remember the propagation of certain methodological techniques differently than presented here. As a designer of conflict simulations myself I was a close observer of both systems theory and game theoretical techniques. Systems theory was readily accepted because it provided a tool to break down the monolith of government into segments more amenable to analysis. Game theory entered the field from the nuclear warfare thinkers and—to a lesser
|
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CommonCrawl
| 1.098446 | 1.173841 | 0.50222 | 1.025562 |
Aaron Brown
About Aaron
The new CD Early Modern is available now from CDBaby
"Beautifully played…with real flair and spontaneity"
-Martin Buzacott, ABC Classic FM
"Everyone should hear this CD"
-Nancy Wilson, Princeton University / Mannes College
"Absolutely terrific"
-Phillip Adams, Radio National
Specializing in historical instruments and performance practice, improvisation, and new music, Australian born Aaron Brown completed his university training in New York at the Juilliard School (under Dorothy DeLay), Mannes College ( with Lewis Kaplan) and the City University of New York (baroque performance with Nancy Wilson). He has performed throughout Australia, the United States, and Europe, with groups including the Australian Brandenburg Orchestra (where he is a current ensemble member), Early Music New York, New Vintage Baroque, Clarion Music Society, Opera Lafayette, Mark Morris Dance Group, Trinity Church Wall St, San Francisco Bach Choir, Four Nations ensemble, New York Collegium, American Classical Orchestra, the New Bach Players and the Queensland Symphony Orchestra, at venues including Carnegie Hall, Lincoln Center, The Kennedy Center, BOZAR Brussels, Grand Teatre Luxembourg, the Arsenal in Metz, Harvard, Yale, Princeton and Columbia universities, the Sydney Opera house, Sydney Recital Hall and the Melbourne Recital Center. Earlier this season Aaron appeared in the Broadway production of "Farinelli and the King", staring Tony and Oscar winner Mark Rylance. Recording credits include two solo albums, soloist billing on the ABO's Aria award-winning album Tapas: Tastes of the Baroque, and other releases on the ABC Classics, Naxos, CD Accord, and Lyrichord labels.
Long biography:
Violinist and early music specialist Aaron Brown began his musical studies in his hometown of Brisbane, Australia. At 16, he was a Recitalist in the National Youth Concerto Competition, and in early 1998 he began working as a violinist with the Queensland Philharmonic Orchestra. Later that year won the Brisbane Lord Mayor's Performing Arts Fellowship and the Anglican Church Grammar School's Overseas Study scholarship for study at the Juilliard School in New York, in the studio of Dorothy DeLay. In 2001, he co-founded the New Bach Players with fellow Juilliard student and pianist Francesco Schlime (AKA Francesco Tristano), appearing as concertmaster and soloist with the group for performances in New York and two European tours, and recording J.S. Bach's complete keyboard concertos for the CD Accord label. Soon after he began studies in baroque violin at Mannes College of Music and later at Hunter College, earning an M.A. in baroque violin performance, and quickly became an active member of the early music community in New York and elsewhere in the United States, performing with the Clarion Music Society, Opera Lafayette, Bach Vespers at Holy Trinity, Four Nations Ensemble, the Mark Morris Dance Group, The New York Collegium, The American Classical Orchestra, ARTEK, Early Music New York, and Sinfonia New York among others.
In 2008 Aaron released his first solo CD, Aaron Brown: Baroque Violin, and in early 2009 co-founded Guido's Ear, an ensemble dedicated to the performance of music from medieval to early baroque. Later that year he returned to Australia to begin work with Paul Dyer and the Australian Brandenburg Orchestra, and has been involved in many of their productions since, including performing as a featured soloist in the orchestra's 17th century Tapas program, which won the 2010 ARIA award for best classical CD. In 2010 the orchestra generously awarded Aaron a mentorship and professional development grant to work with acclaimed Canadian violinist Marc Destrube and the Orchestra of the 18th Century in Amsterdam, and in 2011 he was awarded a grant from the Australia Council to work with Chicago-based early music specialist David Douglass and the Newberry Consort.
Aaron also performs medieval repertoire on early string instruments, including the rebec and vielle, and has given master classes and lectures on early music topics at venues including the City University of New York, Vanderbilt University, and Brisbane
|
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] | 1,024 |
CommonCrawl
| 1.671746 | 0.413339 | 1.371037 | 0.749819 |
Q: Unable to update state in react I want to update the the state on the basis of a condition.
Please refer to the code and point out the problem in either the logic or code.
class App extends Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
backImgIndex: 1
};
this.changeSlide = this.changeSlide.bind(this);
}
changeSlide() {
if (this.state.backImgIndex === 3) ({
this.setState = {
backImgIndex: 1
});
} else {
this.setState = ({
backImgIndex: this.state.backImgIndex + 1
});
}
}
render() {
const imageURL = '/backImg/b' + this.state.backImgIndex + '.jpg';
return (
<Fragment>
<BackgroundSlider backurl={imageURL} />
<div className="slider">
<div className="left-arrow" style={{}} onClick={this.changeSlide} />
</div>
</Fragment>
);
}
}
export default App;
Is there any other way to update the same.
The end goal is to update the state which trigger the update in the background image upon the press of .left arrow.
Can div be used for such an event ?
A: You are doing the update in the wrong way. setState is a function that should be called in order for updating the state. In fact, you are overriding such function:
this.setState = {
backImgIndex: 1
};
So, what you need is to call setState and pass in the part of the state you wanna update:
this.setState({ backImgIndex: 1 });
This works:
changeSlide() {
if (this.state.backImgIndex === 3) {
this.setState({
backImgIndex: 1
});
} else {
this.setState({
backImgIndex: this.state.backImgIndex + 1
});
}
}
Final code
class App extends Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
backImgIndex: 1
};
this.changeSlide = this.changeSlide.bind(this);
}
changeSlide() {
if (this.state.backImgIndex === 3) {
this.setState({
backImgIndex: 1
});
} else {
this.setState({
backImgIndex: this.state.backImgIndex + 1
});
}
}
render() {
const imageURL = '/backImg/b' + this.state.backImgIndex + '.jpg';
return (
<Fragment>
<BackgroundSlider backurl={imageURL} />
<div className="slider">
<div className="left-arrow" style={{}} onClick={this.changeSlide} />
</div>
</Fragment>
);
}
}
A: Wrong syntax in setState.
Plus, i would recommend preparing the new state before setting it:
changeSlide() {
let imgI=this.state.backImgIndex;
imgI=(imgI===3)?1:imgI+1;
this.setState({ backImgIndex: imgI});
}
Actually, a better option (because State Updates May Be Asynchronous):
changeSlide() {
this.setState((state,props)=>(state.backImgIndex===3?{ backImgIndex: 1}:{ backImgIndex: state.backImgIndex+1}));
}
A: First of all, I suggest you to use the ES6 syntax for more clarity :
class App extends Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
backImgIndex: 1
};
}
changeSlide = () => {
if (this.state.backImgIndex === 3) {
this.setState = ({
backImgIndex: 1
});
} else {
this.setState = ({
backImgIndex: this.state.backImgIndex + 1
|
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StackExchange
| -1.102373 | -0.530151 | -1.785036 | -0.01132 |
Crude, but Effective
Every little community has its in-jokes, and each community has its bottom-of-the-pecking order geek who catches on late and then fails to realise when everyone else has moved on. In the world of Doctor Who – which has become a big world again, due to the success of the TV series' revival – the fast-track to lamer status is to make cracks about wobbly sets and dodgy effects and watching from behind the sofa.
(I go back to the Hartnell days, and I never watched from behind the sofa. More likely my nose was four inches from the screen and I'd have to be picked up and moved so that others could see.)
Looking at some of the '80s stuff in the company of cast members a few days go, I was struck by something that I'd been far too self-absorbed to notice back when I worked on the show. Which is that everybody, but everybody involved, was reaching for something way beyond what the budgets, the available technology, and probably even our own abilities, could deliver. Back then I was in my mid-twenties and the Whos were my first writing job in TV. I fretted and railed and grew depressed at my failure to deliver something that might stand alongside the great sf that I'd grown up reading.
In my head, it was always perfect. But in your head, it always is.
What I can see now is the extent to which everybody took the base materials of 80s studio-made TV with its low technology (compared to today), crippling time schedules (compared to any time in history) and inadequate resources, and shot for the moon. That's in every department – sets, costume, effects, performance. Knowing what I now know about how TV is made, I realise that I was witnessing the spectacle of seasoned professionals trying to squeeze a quart of ambition into a half-pint pot of opportunity, and doing it on a timescale that doomed everyone to a world of "if only". I took everything for granted back then; only now do I see how hard others were pushing themselves for this under-appreciated, under-respected kids' science fiction show.
Of course the end result fell short. Under those circumstances, the only way you can ever ensure that it doesn't is to aim low. But as the proponents of 'poor theatre' have always asserted, when your resources are meagre then your audience will compensate with their own imagination.
That, I believe, was the true secret of the show's success. There never was a poorer theatre than the screen fare available to a science fiction fan, back in the days before screen sf was a universal commodity. A cardboard robot, a spaceship on a visible wire… these were the agents of awe. The point of it was that you looked past the flaws in the presentation and responded to the vision behind them.
We don't do that so much, now. The flaws aren't so obvious and I fear that our imaginations have grown seriously soft. I've heard people say, with some air of superiority, that the special effects in the new Who aren't all that great. Same with Primeval, and Torchwood, and Walking with Dinosaurs.
Well, point one. They f*cking are.
And point two, so f*cking what?
autobiography, Doctor Who, television
4 responses to "Crude, but Effective"
Caroline Callaghan says:
Very true, Steve. I've recently been watching some of Nigel Kneale's "Beasts" on DVD. The special effects – consisting of things like scratching noises to indicate the presence of rats – were obviously done on a very tight budget, but they work so well!
When it comes to TV, film or books, I'd much rather something which enables me to use my imagination; rather than having everything spelled out for me without me having to think. It's much more effective that way …
Stephen Gallagher says:
Let us not speak of the attack of the rats on Toby Wren in Doomwatch…
Ha! No, that one was pretty bad, wasn't it?
mrG says:
Do not adjust your set, the transmission difficulties are temporary. The thing is, you can only make the wall-sized TV so big before it fills the wall and empties the credit limit and still fails to actually satisfy the need to connect with the ideas. Hitchcock knew this, Fell
|
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CommonCrawl
| 1.275055 | -0.004548 | 0.23503 | 0.013661 |
Tag Archives: diary
Writer's blog, Week 49
Posted on December 9, 2014 by Andrew Collins
I know. It's been a while. It's been more than a while. A gentleman discerning enough to use an avatar of Mark E Smith asked me via the medium of social media the other day what had happened to my blog. He surmised, correctly, that I have been too busy to keep it up. The truth be told, this year has been one of working harder and earning less, a pattern clearly replicated across this whole stinking world. Although I've not been writing here, I've been writing. And although I've not been writing in the desired form of a script that has been made into a television programme, I have been scriptwriting. It used to be known as development hell, although it's hardly a hell, as you do get paid a stipend to write a script, even if it never gets past the stage of being words on a screen. (Actually, I always print my scripts out to read them, as they don't seem real until you are holding them in your hands. If they exist physically, you can pretend they're being made into television.)
In the accompanying picture above (what would nowadays be called a "selfie", although these were invented long before the camera-phone), I am sitting in a hotel room in Aberystwyth in Ceredigion, West Wales. The hotel is the Belle Vue and it's right on the front. Here is the view from my window last night when we checked in at around 7.30pm after the five-hour, one-change train journey from London.
I love the sounds of waves crashing and seagulls cawing. Because I spent pretty much every summer holiday as a boy in North Wales, I feel very much at home in this country. I've spent more time in North and South Wales, though, and less in Mid-, and it's my very first time in Aberystwyth. If you've been following the story, you'll have probably guessed why I'm here. The groundbreaking Welsh/English detective noir Y Gwyll, or Hinterland, is set and shot in Aberystwyth. I am here, in a landscape you could not make up, in weather you'd usually have to put in afterwards, to effect what's known in the trade as a "set visit". That is, I've been invited to visit the set, which in this case, was an actual barn near a farm just outside Borth, where a temporary production base had been established under a gazebo.
I did take some pictures of the filming of a scene involving Richard Harrington as DCI Tom Mathias, Mali Harries as DI Mared Rhys and another actor as a farmer, but these may be embargoed, as series two of Y Gwyll won't be airing on S4C (in Welsh) and then BBC Wales (in English and Welsh) until autumn 2015. There's a one-off special on S4C on New Year's Day, which is intended to sate fans of the show in the interim. (If you haven't seen it – and you really should – it's a case-of-the-week crime-solver that has its own broader arc about Mathias's past, so you can dip in and it will still work.) I'm sure you're aware that the show's trick – which it didn't invent, but is rare – is to film every scene with dialogue twice, once in Welsh, once in English (and some Welsh, where applicable), thereby literally doubling the work of the cast and crew, but in the process doubling its marketability in an international TV market, something that's clearly working for them, having sold it to Denmark, Holland, Belgium, the US and Canada (on Netflix) and countless others. Not bad for a show set in Aberystwyth.
On our windswept arrival last night, Tash from the PR company (in charge of delivering me to my destination) and I repaired to a bar and cafe – highly recommended locally – called Baravin. While the cast and crew are filming, some based in Aber, others in Borth, many of them far away from hearth and home, this magnificently sited venue seems to be a magnet. It faces out onto the seafront and serves artisan pizzas, draught beer and something called an "espresso Martini", which sounded
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CommonCrawl
| 1.318528 | -0.939602 | -0.194447 | -0.741945 |
like a terrible idea at the beginning of the evening, but a good one at the end of it.
At Baravin, we met Richard Harrington, Mali Harries (both of whom I appear to have known for years, or at least that's the impression I got from the warm way they greeted me) and producers the voluble Ed Thomas and more quietly spoken Gethin Scourfield. We had a tremendous evening with all four. I didn't take my dictaphone out, but we chatted about the show, and the way it's produced, and it's all "colour" for the feature I will write to coincide with transmission of series two in about ten months' time. Our hosts provided plenty. Richard is dark and authoritative onscreen (if you've not seen Y Gwyll, you may remember him from Spooks), but in real life, he feels hewn from the same rock as his namesake Burton. An elemental figure, I of course blame him for talking me into an espresso Martini.
You sensed he was up for going after-hours, but the rest of us were knackered and opted for ending the evening when the bar did. (His co-star and producer/director were not even drinking.)
It being Wales, where the stars are visible in the sky, and a promenade, where the sea puts you to sleep, I slumbered hard, woken only once at 4am when two young women who had gone after-hours sang a modern pop song under my window from the pavement below. I could only admire them.
Tempted out for a pre-breakfast walk along the front to the pier this morning, I felt blessed to witness the murmuration of starlings, who shot out from under the Royal Pier and filled the sky. I don't think my non-iPhone really captured the glory, but you can't blame me for trying, presented with that. This may be a writer's blog, but I'm painting a lot of this with pictures.
One full English/Welsh inside me, and we were off to the set. This is me, pretending to be a vital cog in the Y Gwyll machine, sitting on a plastic chair under the gazebo, watching a monitor and wearing some headphones so that I can hear the Welsh and English words being said by the actors into the microphones. I am well wrapped up against the cold. It would have been pathetic of me to even admit to myself that I was feeling the cold, as I was only on set for half a day, and these dedicated professionals do it for twice that long, every day, for weeks on end.
This photo depicts me and S4C Drama Commissioner Gwawr Martha Lloyd, whom I have met before, showing our frozen appreciation for the arrival of on-set catering in polystyrene boxes wrapped in tin foil and cling film. (For the record, I am holding two portions of main course and dessert, only one of which is for me.) After about five hours of being among the elements, it was the thought of getting into a warm car and being driven to a warm train station where a warm train awaited that was keeping me alive.
Ten hours on the train there and back, but 20 hours spent in the salty, reed-filled embrace of Aberystwyth and Borth, getting a boyhood Proustian rush from the Welsh signs, the stern, symmetrical, chapel-like Welsh houses and the sight of endless sheep. Ceredigion really is "Hinterland Country" now. If you know the first series, you will literally spot houses and bridges and garages you've seen on telly in real life. This is a show that, unlike so much geographically faked TV fiction, lives and breathes its authentic, living, breathing environments. Gethin and director Julian Jones let us accompany them on a location scouting trip to Borth where we trod infinite dunes and were almost literally run off private farmland after a wrong turn.
An unusual day in a writer's life, and a rewarding one, whose printed fruits exist only in the future.
Posted in Diary | Tagged birds, blog, diary, filming, sea, seaside, solipsism, starlings, trip, TV, Wales, weather | 5 Replies
Writer's blog, Week 29, Friday
It's Friday. Not quite the end of the working week, as I have to write and clip T
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CommonCrawl
| 1.698917 | -0.872441 | -0.125856 | -0.592847 |
elly Addict tomorrow. Yesterday, I found myself in Hastings, just for one day, and – a complete stranger in town – I was surprised and delighted to run into an old friend from Chelsea School of Art, who was in the year above me and whom I may not have seen since the 90s, maybe even the 80s: Peter Quinnell (whose website is here should you wish to commission one of his fabulously arch collages, which he has been perfecting for 25 years). The reason I mention it, is that he called me "Andy." Because when he knew me, in the mid-80s, I was called Andy.
I dug out my 1979 diary, above, as it marks the first transition from my birth name Andrew, to what I felt was the cooler and more casual Andy. As you can see, I carefully Letrasetted "Andrew Collins" onto the Boots page-a-day diary to confirm ownership, presumably when I first got it, for Christmas 1978. However, this was the year punk broke in Northampton (sorry, but it was), and certainly the year puberty broke in my endocrine system, hence the later branding, in punk-styled ransom lettering, carefully sealed under Sellotape: "Andy Collins. Private!"
The name-change, aged 14, was non-negotiable. It went on all my exercise books. I practised writing it, and elongated it into an artistic "signature". I was saying to the world in a first flush of defiant individualism: Andrew – he dead.
It's weird to be called Andy again. But perfectly normal for Pete to do so, as I was sealed in the aspic of time as far as he's concerned. Still Andy. Still a student. Twenty eight years have passed since he graduated from Chelsea; 27 since I did. We all reinvent ourselves to a degree, although he was instantly recognisable when I saw him unlocking his car on Hastings' Old High Street, and he only had to look twice to recognise me coming towards him. I must have looked something like this when he last saw me:
And now I look like this.
Time bends. Space is boundless. It squashes a man's ego … If you can identify which film that quote comes from, you'll be ahead of me here. Yesterday I was tasked with telling the 46-year story of the Planet Of The Apes franchise for Radio Times, to tie in with the fact that the second rebooted entry in the series Dawn Of The Planet Of The Apes is imminent, and the first, Rise Of The Planet Of The Apes, is showing in two Saturdays' time on C4. This is the kind of piece I am retained by the magazine to write. Most of the time, the film section is headed up by a straightforward actor/director junket interview, but occasionally, it remains unfilled until the last minute – Wednesday afternoon – when I must step in and provide a 750-800 word feature from scratch. It's a bracing commitment.
As previously stated, I do not romanticise my own writing ability. If anything, I have delusions of adequacy. But I know I can write quickly, and to a reasonable professional, spell-checked, word-counted standard, and I never play the prima donna or tortured artist. Brief me at 2pm and I'll deliver 800 words by 3.30pm. (Luckily for me, the sub-editors at Radio Times are wizards, so you're always going to look better on the page than you ought.) Anyway, the reason I bring up the Apes feature is that, rather than just trot out the story, I tried to personalise it. This is encouraged. I reflected on the early 80s and an era in which my school- and then college-pal Paul Garner and I were obsessed with movie makeup effects.
This imported 1983 issue of horror/fantasy/sci-fi journal Cinefantastique, which we both pored over as it were a holy sacrament, sums up our religion during that devoted period. In gory detail, its vast cover story unpicks makeup genius Rob Bottin's work on John Carpenter's The Thing, a film Paul and I were dying to see. Although both of us loved drawing and caricatures
|
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– Paul actually produced a full-size, Mad magazine-influenced spoof of Planet Of The Apes (one of our favourite films) – he was the ingenious one who also moved into 3D model and mask design. I just sat on the sidelines and thrilled to his amateur triumphs: a full-head werewolf mask, a Woody Allen forehead and glasses (which I wore in a play). He went on to earn his living as a commercial artist, storyboarding and creating incredible bespoke prints, usually with a horror/fantasy/sci-fi theme. Once you've seen Peter Quinnell's work, you might want to browse Paul's.
See, there's a link here, and it was too good not to get down while I sit here in the Library. In writing about my fanboy love of makeup artists for next week's Radio Times (they've headlined it, "Confessions Of A Fanboy", which it kind of isn't), I reminisced about my friend Paul, who pursued his love of art and design and made it his profession. Although I've seen him on and off into the current century, he will still think of me as "Andy". In visiting Hastings and bumping into another friend, from college, who also called me "Andy", I was once again reminded that I never pursued my love of art and design into a full-time career – although it opened the door for me to journalism, so I couldn't have got here (wherever here is) without it.
I reverted from Andy back to Andrew in the late 80s, when I sought to establish myself as a professional illustrator, and had an invoice book and an accountant and my first answering machine. I drew the covers of these.
I seem to remember I was discouraged by the design agency that employed me from signing the artwork, as it might be considered self-aggrandising by the client, Trinity-Mirror. So after all that fannying around about Andrew and Andy and Andrew (and, at one pseudonymous stage, Boone), I was anonymous.
I was the man with no name. The unknown artist. It squashes a man's ego.
Posted in Diary | Tagged ageing, Andy, art, blog, Chelsea School of Art, college, diary, Journalism, names, Puzzled, Radio Times, writing | Leave a reply
Writer's blog, Week 26, Monday
Back in London, as I missed the humidity, litter, scaffolding, oligarchs, controlled parking and housing bubble. They don't even have an Aldi here! It's Monday. A new week of fiddling while Rome burns, if fiddling is a metaphor for doing little bits of jobs rather than anything meaningful on a large-scale ongoing commission, and Rome is a metaphor for my career.
With Sitcom A in post-BBC3 limbo and Drama A in a holding pattern while a potential broadcaster gets round to reading the 32-page, 17,000-word synopsis (come on, hurry up!), my creative juices are being diverted into the channel marked "NEW IDEAS". Although what we call in the trade "small jobs" overlapped and expanded to fill my three full days in glorious, sun-dappled, Northamptonian exile (a TV review for the Guardian Guide's Other Side page which shouldn't have taken that long but I still feel as if I'm on probation in the actual paper; my Telly Addict script plus clips; some time-consuming editing work which already feels as if it's taken three times as much time as I charged for), I am now dedicating that key bumper period between being awake and falling asleep to formulating at least three new sitcom pitches.
The World Cup is on. (The football one.) Because of the four- and five-hour time difference between here and Brazeel – to use the official pronunciation from ITV's lilting credits sequence – some games kick off at 11 o'clock. At night. I'm usually tucked up in bed by then, not gearing up for 90 minutes of silky footballing action, sometimes involving a team that happens to share my nationality which has a Pavlovian effect on my general interest. England supplied their traditional dose of expectation and disappointment on Saturday night and into Sunday morning
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CommonCrawl
| 0.862062 | -0.800414 | -0.264383 | -0.877445 |
. I managed not to drink anything until 10pm, which was restraint in excelsis, but I was still imbibing at 1am, which is not my usual style unless at a wedding.
This is me at the Guardian yesterday afternoon, fighting my way through the Lego (they're doing their now-traditional Lego reenactments of the World Cup highlights, which are always a joy), to enact this week's Telly Addict (coming imminently, watch this space) which includes a review of the opening ceremony and a little comment on the difference between the ITV and BBC presentation. I won't be reviewing any games for the Guardian, and although somehow, in previous years, I've found time to post regular bulletins from World Cups and Euro Championships on this blog (representative samples: World Cup 2010, Euro 2012), I don't see that luxury happening this tournament.
It's not that I don't have anything to say (Pogba's cake-style haircut, Andy Townsend's continued use of the phrase, "got a toe to it"), it's just that the best pithy commentary comes from armchair experts on Twitter, and my brain isn't big enough to have my phone on during televised matches. The TV picture, the phenomenal Guardian World Cup Guide, conversation: that's quite enough stimulus for me. I admire you if you can cope with all that plus social media and stay sociable in the room.
I've enjoyed the high-scoring matches I've seen so far, by the way. Own goals, yellow cards, famous players being rubbish, headbutts, physio breaks his own ankle … it's not been without incident, has it? I can't believe I had to choose between it and the Game Of Thrones season finale. Culture can be so cruel.
I may well make this radiant, sanguine face while producer Tom has left the studio to do something important and to tread Lego into the carpet. There's a serious insurgency afoot in Iraq, and as if the imminent destabilisation of the Middle East and a faction too horrible for al-Qaeda committing something we loftily call "war crimes" wasn't depressing enough, it means Tony Blair is on my television and in my newspaper. Fuck off! Admit defeat! Go and live in Donald Rumsfeld's house if you like it so much!
Stop press: managed one World Cup game – the game of one half: Germany Portugal – and the finale of Game Of Thrones. The latter lacked a character as vicious, malevolent and ruthless as Pepe. And it went to penalties. [Throw in further Game Of Thrones/football allusions here]
Posted in Diary | Tagged diary, football, Game of Thrones, London, solipsism, World Cup | 1 Reply
H.R. Giger changed my life
I was sad to read of the death, aged 74, of the Swiss surrealist artist Hans Rudolf "H.R." Giger. Through his groundbreaking, influential designs for the alien and its environments in Ridley Scott's groundbreaking, influential murder mystery in space Alien – a style that was known as "biomechanical", a precisely airbrushed cross between the visceral and the metallic – he had more than crossed my radar. Although I was under the age of consent to see Alien on release in 1979, as an avid teen film fan I bridged the gap by requesting The Book Of Alien – a lavishly illustrated making-of by Paul Scanlon and Michael Gross – for my birthday in March 1980. Via the portal of this otherwise conventional softback souvenir, I entered the rarefied, graphic world of Giger (the book was full of initial sketches and designs by various artists, but his dominated).
This book, though cherished, did not change my life. But Giger did, in 1987, although I didn't even know it at the time. I was a student at Chelsea School of Art in 1987, on the cusp of graduation and what I hoped would be some approximation of a "career" as an illustrator or more specifically a cartoonist (my chosen area of expertise in the sense that it chose me: I wasn't much good at proper drawing).
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CommonCrawl
| 0.621602 | -0.83513 | -0.44774 | -1.408061 |
I had been an avid reader of the NME since the year Alien was released, and had keenly rolled with its evolutionary punches as it morphed from the inky rag of the post-punk era to a post-modern media studies pamphlet designed with acres of white space in the early-to-mid 80s. What I didn't know, as a reader, in 1987, is that the paper was on its knees, commercially speaking. This would have been no concern of mine; as long as my weekly fix of music news, culture and dangerous Marxist politics arrived on a Tuesday, all was well.
I was the sort of nerdy NME reader who pored obsessively over what I didn't know at the time was called "the masthead" (ie. the list of staff and freelance writers), and noted any personnel changes with interest. As a student of art and design, I also mapped the visual changes in the NME in relation to whoever was designing it, and knew that the reigning art editor in 1987, Joe Ewart, had ushered in a starkly dynamic page layout, of which I approved. It was very much in keeping with advances in style magazine design over at The Face and i-D, except printed on shitty newspaper.
In 1988, I was living in a studio flat in South West London and attempting to keep the wolf from the door by taking on soulless freelance illustration work for a modest design agency. It was not "art", but if I drew enough cartoon cats, cyclists and reindeers in a month for corporate handouts, I could pay the rent. (If you bought the puzzle magazine Puzzled around this time, you will have seen my cartoon owls, polar bears, penguins and other assorted fauna – this was the vertiginous level at which I toiled.) In order to satisfy my creative juices, I decided to produce my own fanzine and write about things that interested me and perhaps sell a few copies, like two new NME writers on the masthead whom I had quickly grown to idolise, Steven Wells (who produced Molotov Comics) and James Brown (Attack On Bzag).
I did not make my own fanzine, This Is This, in their image; instead, I went for neatly typed columns of copy with – yes – plenty of white space around them. I wrote about Tony Hancock, Stephen King, Gerry Sadowitz and the water metaphors in Lloyd Cole's lyrics, and drew my own cartoon strips satirising TV-AM, Time Out and Apocalypse Now. I borrowed the photocopier at the design company that employed me and used it to "size up" my illustrations and create a clean page design. Then I paid Kall-Kwik to print me up and staple 100 copies. My aim was to carry them around in an Our Price plastic bag and sell them at gigs. I think I sold around a dozen.
However – and here's where my life intersects with H.R. Giger's, without his or my knowledge – I sent a copy of This Is This to James Brown, recently installed Features Editor at the NME, and, I hoped, a kindred spirit. The height of my ambition at this stage was to have my fanzine mentioned in the bitty news section Thrills, which James edited. Maybe I would flog a few copies by mail order. What I wasn't doing at this point was looking for a job at the NME. The prospect was a fictional one.
I'm glad that I didn't know then what I know now about how the office of a weekly music paper works. Otherwise, I wouldn't have wasted a stamp. The probability that the brown envelope containing This Is This would have been opened, never mind the contents being read, was close to zero. I could never have imagined how high the teetering pile of envelopes on James Brown's in-tray was. However, the stars were aligned for me, and he did open my envelope, and he did flick through my fanzine, and he did phone me up.
In the message he left on my answer machine he said he liked the fanzine and wanted to have a chat with me about it. I was cock a hoop, and yet still only dreaming of seeing my fanzine mentioned in the pages of the NME. He invited me up to the offices of the paper in London's New
|
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CommonCrawl
| 1.416342 | -0.122646 | 0.544361 | -0.412484 |
Oxford Street – which was, for me, like visiting Mecca – and casually mentioned that he might be able to put a bit of writing work my way.
Now, the history books tell us that back the white heat of July 1976, the NME ran a small ad asking for "hip young gunslingers" to write "lively and incisive prose" in an effort to refresh the lifeblood of the paper in the wake of punk rock with a new staff writer. (Actually, the history book – Pat Long's closest-to-definitive The History Of The NME.) It ended up with two from the 1,200 applications: Julie Burchill and Tony Parsons, with Ian Cranna, Paul Morley and Paul DuNoyer taken on as freelancers. No such formal clarion call went out in 1988, but Brown and his successor on the live desk, Helen Mead, were unofficially tasked with trying out some new writers. It was in this spirit of provincial empowerment that I found myself sucked into the wonderful and frightening world of the NME. (Barbara Ellen, Stuart Maconie and Steve Lamacq were among those who also had their professional lives changed in the same period of conscription.)
Though lured into the office with the promise of writing work, a part-time vacancy was going in the NME art room and, technically if not practically qualified, I was introduced by James to editor Alan Lewis and new art editor (previously Joe Ewart's assistant) Justin Langlands, who seemed to like me – or perhaps just my dungarees and Age Of Chance baseball cap – and took me on. All of sudden, from a standing start, I had landed a two-days-a-week post at my bible, which quickly expanded to three days. When Justin took his first holiday in the August of '88, I actually became Art Editor for a fortnight; that's two issues of the paper I'd read and re-read for almost a decade under my aesthetic control (yes, I redesigned all the logos while Justin was away, and Justin reinstated the old ones when he got back).
From my new vantage point, I set about bothering all the section editors for writing work, and one by one, they caved. My "journey" from layout boy to actual bylined NME writer had begun. The rest is autobiography. But without H.R. Giger, the man whose art had so captivated me in The Book Of Alien, my life might never have wound its rudderless way in this direction, and the NME might have remained a weekly newspaper I pored over and not one I actually tinkered with from the inside. The "media", as I did not yet refer to it in 1988 – and an industry of which I did not count myself as a member – might have remained over there. I have no idea if I would still be a freelance illustrator, providing print-ready artwork for puzzle books, but it's conceivable. If not for nine erect penises …
In 1987, when my wildest dreams still revolved around perhaps drawing my own comic strip for a newspaper, the NME I loved was undergoing one of its habitual regime changes. I couldn't have known how seismic. According to Pat Long's account, sales had fallen below 100,000 copies for the first time in 31 years. It is sad to say, but choosing Neil Kinnock as its cover star in the week of the General Election – a decision that thrilled me to marrow of my bones as a reader, and cemented all my political ideals – was symbolic of the NME's propensity to back a loser. The paper's owners, IPC, saw that famous cover ("Lovely, lovely, lovely!") as the shortest suicide note in history. Editor Ian Pye was sacked, and "safe pair of hands" Alan Lewis was parachuted in.
His commercial instinct and desire to drag the NME back to being about – hey – music were seen as anathema to remaining stalwarts like media editor Stuart Cosgrove PhD – a mid-80s appointee of editor Neil Spencer, under whose leadership the paper entered what was, for me, a purple patch of polemic and pretense. It was future Channel 4 Controller of Arts and Entertainment Cosgrove who produced an issue
|
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] | 1,024 |
CommonCrawl
| 1.74239 | 0.033088 | 0.752375 | -0.064726 |
devoted to censorship while Lewis was on holiday in September '87, which involved the reproduction of a sexually explicit painting by H.R. Giger known as Penis Landscape. It had been given away as a poster by Californian punk activists the Dead Kennedys in 1985 with their Frankenchrist album and landed the band and their lable in legal hot water. It depicted nine erect penises entering nine orifices that could be vaginas or anuses. What could possibly go wrong?
The NME folklore passed down to us was that the printers had refused to print it and downed tools. According to Long, it was more a case of the colour repro lab complaining about having to print it, but the industrial kerfuffle gave IPC management the excuse to get rid of the staffers it considered "troublemakers", notably Cosgrove – who I presume considered it a cause worth dying for – and Joe Ewart. "Media" returned to being a token section of the paper with film and book reviews in it, and Ewart's assistant, Justin, took the art reins. (Having worked under him, I know that Justin was surprised and delighted to get the gig, although the trade-off was allowing Alan into the design room, whose lack of design finesse did not stop him wielding a scalpel and demanding bigger, clearer, more literal layout.)
Without understanding its significance, with a few months of my arrival in Justin's art room, the NME moved offices back to IPC's skyscraping HQ King's Reach Tower in Waterloo. We were the unruly child, taken in hand and put under the same roof as Mum and Dad. I had no real idea that I was part of a new era, but events have proven that to be the case. Under Alan's earnestly commercial helm, we started to produce a tighter, brighter, more focused, less discursive and more humorous paper. The circulation went back up. We even managed to cover Acid House within the newly revived, conventional rock format, made easier when, during the Madchester boom, guitar bands took E and picked up samplers, while Lamacq and new lieutenant Simon Williams plugged directly into an energised, corporate-sponsored indie scene. (As Lamacq told Long, "Everyone at that time wanted Danny Kelly's approval," and this genuflection to the larger-than-life successor to Alan Lewis generated real heat in the office, regardless of musical affiliation.)
If you'd asked me my preference as a media outsider in 1987, I would have wished for a Labour government and the continuation of the Ewart/Pye/Cosgrove regime. I would have cheered a pullout H.R. Giger anal fantasia every week and stuff those evangelistic reactionaries in the print trade. But it was not to be. There's only so much sticking it to The Man you can get away with when you're part of the machine, which the NME always was. (Believe it or not, we never referred to it as a "brand" in the late 80s – that was all to come.)
So rest in peace, H.R. Giger. You changed my landscape, and very possibly paved the way for Hull indie rockers Kingmaker to breach the Top 20 in 1992.
Posted in NME | Tagged Alien, art, autobiography, career, censorship, college, diary, memoir, NME, nostalgia | 2 Replies
Writer's Blog, Week 7, Wednesday
Posted on February 19, 2014 by Andrew Collins
Coming up for air. You know the rules: if I'm not blogging, I'm writing. That is, writing for a living. It's Wednesday. This is the first five minutes I've had to myself on a working day since just after Christmas. Some non-working days – I usually call them "Saturday" and "Sunday" – have become working days, in order that the work that needed to be done got done. On Monday evening, I printed a 58-page script out, at home in my office. A glorious reward in itself. A collaboration, it is the script that is the culmination of the project that has been exercising my co-writer and I since the day after Boxing Day.
Naturally, I cannot go into any details, as it is
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CommonCrawl
| 1.179958 | -0.076575 | 0.396868 | -0.592847 |
"in development" and not a commission. There's a lot riding on it though. It will be my first drama script since leaving EastEnders in 2002, since which I have been exclusively writing, or script-editing, comedy. I've realised over the last year or so that drama is what really gets my juices flowing. From where I'm sitting ie. on my settee, when TV drama is done well, it is far more substantial than comedy. (I even admire the comedy I love the most for its structure and plotting.) As misfortune would have it, I had another sitcom pilot script turned down by a broadcaster (it was the BBC, what the hell) in early January, but because I was so into writing this drama, I had no time to sit around and mope and conclude that I am no good at this. (Here is a selfie of me wracked with self-doubt.)
So, my current project – we'll call it Drama A – is a life-saver. The green-light came through just before Christmas, which was the best present a writer can receive: the go-ahead. Our brief was to provide one script and eight detailed story breakdowns for the whole series. This has been a massive undertaking. We have willingly let it infuse every moment of the waking day. It was actually a pleasure to succumb to it. I have been going to sleep at night thinking about, waking up in the morning thinking about, grinding away on the treadmill at 9.2kmh at a 6 gradient with it going around in my head, and falling upon the laptop of a breakfast with gusto. None of this means it will be a good script, but boy, have I enjoyed writing and storylining it. This is a pleasing development. Even if it fails to win a full series, it's been an uplifting start to the year, a fruitful collaboration, and, crucially, a bit of paid work.
A new shirt for Telly Addict 2014 [pictured], which turned 141 weeks old this week. Still loving it. Still loving the engagement with viewers below the line. Still preferring this season's neat, product-assisted new haircut on camera (I think it's called age-appropriate). And I've just written a longer piece for the actual paper about medical documentaries. Look out for it in March.
Another unexpected job came in amid all this: script-editing the second series of an existing sitcom and working for the firs time with a talented and much younger writer and performer. Interestingly, the first series was script-edited by a comedy writer I already hold in ridiculously high esteem, so I feel lucky to have stepped into his shoes. I've been sat in an office at a production company in Shoreditch with the writer and thoroughly enjoying bouncing story ideas around and turning the beats into Post-It notes (and ordering in lunch from Pret and not having to pay for it). More on this when it gets closer to fruition. I've enjoyed being the only clean shaven man in Shoreditch, too.
Talking of heavily bearded areas of East London, I found myself perched on something that wasn't strictly a stool beside the mighty Ben Watt (historically of Everything But The Girl) at Rough Trade East on Brick Lane last Thursday, interviewing him about his compelling and beautifully etched new part-memoir-part-detective-story Romany & Tom. It's about his elderly mum and late dad, and paints a vivid and candid picture which will strike a chord with anyone with parents over the age of 70, a parent who is no longer with us, or just any parent at all. I had literally stepped in for Alexis Petridis, who had a bad foot, and it was more pleasure than work. (Thanks to Geoff Titley for the photo. He was among a particularly friendly and attentive crowd.)
A busy start to 2014, then, but welcome, as last year wasn't without its financial worries. (Hey, join the club.) I also managed to squeeze in a fine social evening at posh burger joint and boozer in London with Chris Chibnall of Broadchurch fame (he's writing series two and told me who the murderer is) (I'm joking, of course), especially as I was able to tap him for a few drama-writing tips at a cru
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CommonCrawl
| 1.351133 | -0.865952 | -0.579093 | -0.489088 |
cial time for me. Also, the annual Radio Times Covers Party, one of the only glitzy dates on my calendar and an excuse, as is traditional, to play Zelig with willing celebs I have never met before. (You know the drill by now. The year I become blasé is the year I hand in my badge and gun.)
This year, I had my photograph taken by choirmaster Gareth Malone with top artist Grayson Perry, and my photograph taken by Grayson Perry with Gareth Malone. I think it may have been an art project.
And here's one of all of us, taken by Gareth's wife! And finally, me and the Broadchurch posse: Olivia Colman, Andrew Buchan and that Chibnall bloke. (What's he doing in the picture? All he did was write it.)
After which I packed my best jacket away for another year and put my writing beret back on. Thank you for bearing with me while I have pretty much boycotted my own blog, and I hope you will excuse me if I slope off again for a bit. There's a window of solipsistic opportunity here, of course, as I wait for my homework to be marked by the teachers. That's exactly what it feels like when you've delivered a script. The red pen cometh.
Oh, and we were lucky enough to live on an incline quite a long way away from the Thames in London during the rainy season so avoided actual flooding, but it breaks my heart every time I see a family home underwater on the news. I fucking hate this government. Because it's all their fault.
Posted in Diary | Tagged 2014, BBC, blog, diary, Media, music, Q&A, work, writing | 9 Replies
Writer's blog: Week 26, Saturday
It's been a while since I squeezed one of these in, but it seems opportune. I'm in Northampton for a couple of days at my folks', but still working, still writing, still pitching. It's Saturday. The photo above is misleading, for I am not in Glastonbury, nor wearing a fisherman's hat. I really like this atmospheric shot; it was taken of me at dusk, along the main commercial thoroughfare to the Pyramid Stage by my brother-in-law Paul at Glastonbury 2009, which was my designated "mid-life crisis Glastonbury". (You can read about it in excruciating detail here.) I loved every second of it. But I haven't been since, and it's conceivable that I'll never go again, mainly because 2009 was so perfect in every way.
I've been thinking about it as I watch – or fast forward through – the Glastonbury 2013 coverage I've taped. (Hey, I have no interest in the Vaccines, or Rita Ora, or the latest wide-eyed BBC3 presenters being run in*, and I was ready for bed at 10.30 last night in any case.) I hadn't been since 1995 when I went in 2009 so it was a special occasion, and uniquely family-oriented, in that I was convinced to go by my brother-in-law.
Though I am not at Glastonbury this year, due to media and social media saturation, I am acutely aware that the festival is ongoing, as I type. I do not wish I was there, in actuality, but I do sort of miss it somewhere in my bones. It's somewhere you can go and get away with a hat, for a start. I hope everyone who is there is having an epic time. For fun, here's a photo of me taken at Glastonbury 1990, my second ever Glastonbury, which was a filthy one, and the inaugural year of the festival's dedicated Comedy Tent, where I spent the bulk of the long weekend. I loved that, too, although it had been too wet to realistically pitch our tent on arrival, so we slept in the car. I think I'm too old for that shit now.
It's refreshing to get away from the fabled "hustle and bustle" of London – as I am doing by hopping it to the parental pile in Northampton – although I watched an episode of the BBC
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CommonCrawl
| 1.147353 | -1.124536 | -0.813109 | -1.236037 |
2 series The Route Masters: Running London's Roads on Wednesday, which was all about life on London's night buses and ought to have been enough to put anyone off moving to the capital, but, oddly, made me miss the place, and glad that I live there.
I've been resident of London for 29 years (minus the three where I moved out to Reigate by mistake), and although as you get older you're inexorably drawn to a less stressful environment, I do find it hard to imagine living away from the smoke. And The Route Masters was a deftly captured – and slyly cast – snapshot of what makes the city simultaneously terrifying and joyful, with all sorts using the nocturnal bus service, which, since the relaxation of the licensing laws, really is an all-night proposition. I loved the Muslim driver Zajad, born and bred in London, who recounted being told by a fire-and-brimstone passenger that they were all going to hell: "I told him, we're not going to hell, we're going to Ilford." Priceless.
When I lived in Streatham, in South West London – must have been late 90s – I was on the top deck of a bus, coming home late at night, and a stupid verbal misunderstanding between two male passengers led to one of them drawing a knife on the other. The man on whom the knife was drawn looked shocked and disappointed that it had come to this, and did not raise the aggression levels. It seemed a possibly idle threat, but when a young man is standing up pointing a knife at someone else, you tense up. Someone ran down the stairs and informed the driver, and he stopped the bus – handily, right outside a police station. Officers boarded the bus and escorted the knifeman off, with his large but friendly looking dog, as it happened. It was one of those ugly moments you experience in cities.
I watched half of Eye Spy on Thursday night on C4, the "moral dilemma" hidden-camera show "narrated by" Stephen Fry, although he makes an appearance too, as if to bind the format to him when frankly, he's effectively just the voiceover artist, it's not "his" programme. In it, situations are created that test the moral fibre of members of the public – £30,000 in cash left in a phone box, an actor playing a racist waiter in a small restaurant, a boy in a wheelchair at the bottom of some steps – and instead of these stunts being played out for our vicarious pleasure (except they are), they're framed as a social experiment.
In brief, you get to see how much citizens of this country use the phrase, "What the fuck?", which is an awful lot. I question the social efficacy of the format, but it did monitor how much racist abuse from a waiter diners will put up with, and you couldn't help but feel proud of the Londoner who was first to stand up to the actor playing the racist waiter. (They did the same "test" in a restaurant in Manchester and not a single diner said a word. This is not conclusive proof that people in Manchester will put up with more racism than those in London, as it is not proof of anything.)
So, what have I been doing? Gathering my thoughts for a "corporate" next week. I'm hosting a series of Q&As at an "away day" for a large international media company, where various TV shows are previewed and their producers questioned before a large audience of delegates. I enjoy doing these gigs, as it means I get to meet executives from TV; people who make telly. These are the people I hope to be working with, and the reason I spend a lot of my time working for free – out of necessity – on pitches. I've been working on one today. At least the corporates help pay for the days when I'm not being recompensed for my time.
Next week's busy, as I'm also interviewing Simon Pegg, Nick Frost and Edgar Wright about their new film The World's End for Radio Times. The weird part of that is, I've only seen the first half of the film, as the second half isn't going to be finished until the day after the interview! This can't be helped, as my deadline is Wednesday. I really liked the first 45 minutes, by the way, but then I was
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CommonCrawl
| 1.068559 | -0.579142 | 0.013007 | -0.431576 |
bound to: it's Simon Pegg, Nick Frost and Edgar Wright! Sometimes you can take a confident flyer. I am also meeting a producer about another scriptwriting project on the Friday, which is more unpaid work, but vital, as such connections lead to other connections, and writers exist in a permanent, cosmic join-the-dots puzzle, hoping to make those connections.
On a more paid note: yesterday, I delivered the second draft of a pilot sitcom script that's in development with – I think it's safe to say this – the BBC. That is, I delivered it – eg. emailed it – to the execs at the production company who are paying me to write it, and who will deliver it to the BBC, whose commissioning editor is paying them to pay me to write it. We all hope we will get paid some more money in order to write a lot more of it, with a view to actually making it into actual telly. So fingers crossed that the BBC will like it. I've certainly put a lot of time and effort into it, and so have my producers with their copious notes, and I really like the made-up characters I've invented and put into it. I could imagine writing five more stories for them, at least.
It's good to see one's family. While at my Mum and Dad's, I get to see my brother, who lives about 40 minutes away in a less towny place, and his family, and dogs, and I get to see my sister, who lives five minutes away, and her family, and guinea pig. They're good, my family.
I walked to the Weston Favell Shopping Centre this afternoon, for some fresh air and exercise, and I found it particularly hostile to pedestrians. It's not clear which way you have to walk to get into it – and I speak as someone who lived in or near Weston Favell for the first 19 years of my life, and remember the mall when it first went up and was called the "Supacentre". But it's set behind a car park, a petrol garage, and a drive-thru McDonald's, all of which rather suggest you ought really to pull yourself together and be in a car.
Ah! The official website gives directions only to people planning to "get here" by car or bus. There is no official pedestrian route to it. Well, there is, as I managed it somehow, but only by crossing lots of roads and going the long way round. (There's a pretty scary looking "walkway" but this only works if you are walking from the direction of Standens Barn; I would have had to cross a road to get to it, which rather defeats the object.) When did Britain become America, and when did Northampton become LA?
Still, at least I'm not at Glastonbury!
*Incidentally, before I get back to work, I should add that I encountered, for the first time, a young presenter on BBC3's Glastonbury coverage called Jen Long, whose energy and fluency and ability to hit her mark, in a field, were commendable. I thought she was great. I've looked her up and she's on Radio 1 in the night, and she runs a fanzine, and she used to do Introducing on BBC Wales. I expect great things of her.
Posted in Diary | Tagged BBC, blog, buses, diary, family, Glastonbury, Northampton, public transport, shopping, TV | 3 Replies
Writer's blog: Week 23, Thursday
Secrecy, pilots, filth, Clash songs, film maths and the Stone Roses …
I spoke to my Dad on the telephone yesterday (with Mum in the background), and he said that they'd assumed I was busy as I hadn't blogged much recently. It's cool that they understand how this works. It's a Thursday. I am still busy, attempting to panel-beat this latest pilot sitcom script into a recognisable shape, but I've just this moment sent off the latest draft of a remodelled story breakdown, from which to build the second draft of the script.
It's weird; I read a Guardian blog yesterday by Caitlin Moran in which she talked us through the entire set-up of the pilot of her first, autobiographical sitcom, Raised By Wolves, which is being developed by Big Talk and co-written with her sister.
|
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CommonCrawl
| 0.507485 | -1.208892 | -0.52978 | -0.75823 |
If you follow Richard Herring's daily Warming Up blog, you'll be well up to speed on the content and progress of his latest pilot, Ra-Ra Rasputin, too. The British Comedy Guide publish an exhaustive, constantly updated list of all the comedy pilots currently in development with the proviso, "most pilots are never seen". There are about 80 at present. It makes depressing reading if you're in the business of developing comedy with a view to it ever "being seen."
It's possible that I am alone in never revealing the details of projects I have in development, for fear of jinxing them. Am I simply superstitious? Or realistic? I was at a social gathering on Saturday night and the question, "What are you working on?" came up. I explained in basic terms what my sitcom was about to the person who asked me, with the same proviso, "It may never get made." This is the business I work in. (When, in 2005, I "helped" Lee Mack develop Not Going Out – his phrase – we actually shot a non-broadcast pilot at Thames, with a studio audience and a fully functioning set, with no guarantee that the show would be commissioned to series. It was, so we re-cast, re-wrote and re-shot that episode.)
Anyway, if I mentioned the title of my sitcom, or the broadcaster, or production company who are funding its development, I guess it would be in the public domain and would go onto the demoralising British Comedy Guide list. On points, I'd rather keep it to myself. Needless to say, it's a largely solitary process, with occasional bursts of feedback with actual other human beings, and by turns enjoyable and dispiriting. But you fight on. Because I am waiting for my two immediate managers to sign off on the new story, I am reluctant to forge on with the new script. So I'm writing a blog about not writing a sitcom instead.
So, what other stuff have I been doing that's not shrouded in superstitious secrecy? I saw the new Irvine Welsh film, Filth, last night, although it's not out until October, so I'm not sure reviewing it would be the done thing. I don't mind revealing that it features perhaps James McAvoy's best performance in front of a camera, certainly one that's vanity-free, as his character, the depraved Edinburgh detective Bruce Robertson, descends into a private hell before our very eyes. Welsh was at the screening, and got up to introduce the film, by saying, "I hate these preambles … so why don't we all just watch the fucking film?" (The director Jon Baird was also in attendance, and one of the stars, the mighty John Sessions.) I'm interviewing Welsh tomorrow, and looking forward to it.
While we're on the subject of development, if you're lucky, your pilot will move from the British Comedy Guide's pilots list to its new comedy list, where shows "in production" are logged. (There are fewer shows in production than at pilot stage, although by their rules because the pilot of Raised By Wolves is being made, it counts as "in production", which it sort of isn't, strictly.) I am more cheered by this list as two shows I've script-edited are included: Badults, the six-ep Pappy's sitcom which is shot and edited and ready to go on BBC3 in July, and the Greg Davies vehicle for C4, Man Down, whose pilot I script-edited and whose title I came up with – fame, autographs later etc.! (I may or may not be editing the series, we shall see, but I'd like to.) What I will say for Badults and BBC3 is that it was commissioned last August, while we were all in Edinburgh, and that's a pretty rapid turnaround from script meeting to edit suite, so let's all be grateful for that.
I have become obsessed with Springwatch on BBC2 and, in particular, presenter Chris Packham's now-traditional song titles game. In previous years he's slipped in titles by the Smiths, the Manics and the Cure; this year, it turns out, it's the Clash. I managed to pick up on five on Monday night, but, by contacting him via the miracle of Twitter, was able to establish
|
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CommonCrawl
| 1.128334 | -0.641111 | -0.118683 | -0.606445 |
with the man himself that there were nine! (That said, two of them were 48 Hours and Deny, which do not leap out of a link in the same way that Drug-Stabbing Time does.) I'm enjoying the rest of the content – birds in reedbeds, weasels raiding nests, sandhoppers under seaweed – but it's the Clash songs that are keeping me on the edge of my seat.
I am keeping a watertight register of all the films I see this year, new and old. We are nearing the end of May and this is what the month looks like with a day to go:
The Look Of Love | Michael Winterbottom | UK
Fast & Furious 6 | Justin Lin | US
The Eye Of The Storm | Fred Schepisi | Australia
I'm So Excited | Pedro Almodóvar | Spain
Blackfish | Gabriela Cowperthwaite | US
Made Of Stone | Shane Meadows | UK
Star Trek Into Darkness | JJ Abrams | US
Rockshow | Paul McCartney | US
The Great Gatsby | Baz Luhrmann | Australia/US
Miracle | Gavin O'Connor | US
The Hangover Part III | Todd Philips | US
Beware Of Mr Baker | Jay Bulger | UK
Filth | Jon Baird | UK
That means 11 new films (some of which have yet to be released), and two old ones: coincidentally, the Wings concert film Rockshow, originally released in 1980 but shown at the Curzon; and Miracle, a 2004 Disney movie about the American ice hockey victory over Russia at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, a politically charged event I learned about on an American National Geographic documentary about the 80s. Not a storming total, 13, compared to the 23 I saw in January and the 20 I saw in March, but should you care, that means I've seen 78 films this year so far. But never mind the quantity, feel the breadth! I'm all about variety and it's usually the smaller, not necessarily English-speaking films that give the most sustenance. (Not a vintage month in this regard, May; in April I went to Russia, Denmark, Israel, Argentina and Ireland.) I wish I'd never seen The Hangover Part III, for instance; the experience subtracted from my total life experience.
When I was teenager, and first becoming obsessed with films, I started to log them in my diary. At this stage, it was mostly films I'd seen on telly, or on video, and so voracious was my appetite – fuelled by filmographies in assorted film books, like The Illustrated Encyclopedia Of The World's Great Movie Stars And Their Films, which I got for my 15th birthday, or David Quinlan's Illustrated Directory of Film Stars, which I got for Christmas in 1981 – a film's age did not matter. Bring on the films, old and new! Thus it is written that I saw a total of 83 films in 1980, the year my cinephilia almost eclipsed my love of punk rock. My final tally for 1981 would be 121 films. In 1982, when video rental really kicked in, it was 144, and in 1983, I managed a storming 175. As I wrote in Where Did It All Go Right?, I have never stopped being proud of myself for this intense self-education.
As today is the day that Shane Meadows' Stone Roses documentary Made Of Stone premieres, beamed around selected arthouses by satellite (it goes on general release on June 5), I thought I'd reprint an expanded cut of the review I wrote for Radio Times.
Shane Meadows, a teenage fan when the Stone Roses shook the world with their potent blend of psychedelic rock and swaggering Mancunian groove in the late 80s and early 90s, never saw them live. Thus, this potentially conventional feature-length chronicle of their 2011-12 reunion becomes something more personal. Shadowing the well-preserved four-piece on the road to triumphant shows at Greater Manchester's Heaton Park – via
|
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CommonCrawl
| 1.016934 | -0.802685 | 0.470839 | -0.424461 |
bonhomie-fuelled rehearsals, a joyous secret gig in Warrington and some bumpy European warm-ups – Meadows gains access-all-areas, his camera often skulking in corridor and dressing room. The band are at the top of their game, musically (and the sound mix does them proud), but Meadows puts the largely middle-aged fans centre stage; their heartwarming stories dominating the Warrington section as grown men leave jobs, families and errands to get in the queue for a golden wristband. Eschewing obligatory talking heads (backstory is told via archive interview, with some genuinely unseen home movie footage), artfully moving between crisp monochrome and glorious colour, and with footnotes-to-camera by the wide-eyed director himself, Made Of Stone replaces hagiography with infectious empathy. A witty, honest and valuable tribute.
Posted in Diary | Tagged 2013, blog, Curzon, diary, films, sitcom, work, writing | 3 Replies
Writer's blog: Week 18, Friday
A quick bulletin from my daily life. It is the end of the working week, Friday, although I gave myself a day off on Tuesday, as I worked on Sunday. As usual, the lack of blog entries reflects the urgency of the work I should, by rights, be doing. (I should be doing it now. As you'll have spotted, I'm not. I'm in the coffee shop of a department store where I have come to buy a bag.)
Without giving anything away, I've been hard at a pilot script these past couple of weeks for a terrestrial broadcaster, via an independent production company with whom I've worked before. I think I'll go out on a limb and say that it's a comedy, based on an idea I had in an office when I was in a meeting to pitch ideas but had no ideas that I hadn't already pitched, so I sort of improvised one and it turned out to be a goer. Fancy that! I've stated this for the record before, but some people still don't seem to know, so I'll say it again: I no longer write for Not Going Out, which is enjoying its sixth series on BBC1 currently, and although I wish it well, I find it odd to watch it now for personal reasons. The last episode I co-wrote was Debbie for series four, after which the writing team was streamlined down to a number that didn't include me. (I'm still friends with Lee; he was kind enough to namecheck me on The One Show the other week.)
The reason I bring it up, is because as much as I will be forever grateful to Not Going Out for giving me the chance to write a broad, studio-based audience sitcom for BBC1, and to work on it from the ground floor up, what it made me want more than anything was to write a sitcom on my own. Now, I've done that for radio with Mr Blue Sky, which is now cancelled, and I'm rather hoping that one of the three – count 'em – three pilots I currently have in development will catch fire and get a full commission. This latest one feels like the most likely. As I mentioned on Twitter, teasingly, the script today required me to "research" (ie. look up on the Internet) a number of seemingly random subject areas which included:
England-Scotland Home International games
Job vacancies and job descriptions at a local council (for which I happened upon the website of Essex County Council)
Progressive rock lyrics that mention "time" (for which I alighted, happily, upon the Marillion song Wrapped Up In Time)
My online history would certainly baffle future archaeologists, I like to think. And I'm afraid it will have to baffle you, as I can say no more about it. Writing comedy is hard. It is not the hardest job in the world, and would in fact not make the Top 100, but when you have decided that your best chance of earning a decent living is to write scripts, I would argue that writing comedy scripts is harder than writing drama. Which is why I dream of writing drama and not have to think of jokes.
Talking of comedy, a smart black, leather shoulder bag I bought almost a year ago to the day stopped working the week before last, when two of its zips went. I tried to get
|
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CommonCrawl
| 1.345699 | -0.630952 | -0.432722 | -0.481696 |
it mended, first of all, but neither of the menders I visited could fix a zip on a leather bag. But having ascertained that the bag – quite a pricey one for miserly old me – was under a year old, I decided to take it back to the shop. I really liked the bag and was sad that it had become inoperable. The man in the shop, a department store, was very helpful and took the bag from me to send to the manufacturers to be repaired or replaced. I left the shop with a spring in my step; he had by definition agreed with me that an expensive bag's zips shouldn't break within a year, so I felt vindicated.
However, he called me back when I was on the train home and told me that the manufacturers could neither repair nor replace the bag, as they no longer sold that particular model. I was sad again. The store offered me a credit note which I could spend on another, similar bag. I looked at the bags and didn't like any of them as much as the one I'd had for almost a year. So I asked, firmly, for a refund, not a credit note, and again, no resistance was offered.
I won't mention the make or the shop, in case it looks like an invitation to exploit their decency. But when you go into a shop with a complaint you go in having rehearsed all the arguments first. When you don't need those arguments, it's almost a letdown. But isn't it nice to get good service occasionally, when most commercial outlets seem to be out to fleece and humiliate you if you rock the boat? The blue bag in the picture above has become my temporary shoulder bag. As you can see, it looks cheap and cheerful, has no special pockets and gives me the air of a schoolboy on a games day. It also says "BADULTS" on it. This is the new, official name for the Pappy's sitcom I script edited, and which airs on BBC3 in July. The bag – a free, promotional gift of the type I rarely get sent any more – couldn't have arrived at a more convenient time.
The great thing is, I was carrying it when I went to see Spring Breakers at the Curzon Soho one afternoon last week, and who did I bump into, in the gents? Matthew Crosby of Pappy's! Not only was he going to see the same matinee of the same film as me, so we could sit together like pals, but he was carrying a red BADULTS bag. Sometimes life is planned out for you by a higher power who can't be God as God doesn't exist, but there's something out there pulling the strings.
In case you're interested, I am reading a bracing non-fiction book called Going South by the Guardian's economics editor and his friend Dan Atkinson, who is the Mail On Sunday's economics editor. (As literary aside: I had a meeting at a production company two weeks ago where the head of development I was pitching to recommended a George Orwell book called Coming Up For Air, which I'm looking for a secondhand copy of presently.) Going South is explained by its subtitle: Why Britain Will Have A Third World Economy By 2014. Although I am a bit shot on economics, I've been educating myself on this vital area of all our lives – not least by reading the Guardian's correspondents, and the New Yorker's unstoppably readable James Surowiecki. Elliott and Atkinson paint compelling if gloomy pictures of political, social and financial life in Britain today – in that sense, it's a kind of self-hating book, but I like those.
I was particularly taken with a passage about the attitude to a car alarm going off. They write that the "common occurrence of the ignored wailing of the car alarm" encapsulates much of what's up with our society. The alarm is ignored "partly because it is assumed it is sounding in error; partly because, even if the car is actually being stolen, no call to the police is thought likely to produce much in the way of response; and partly because any attempt to confront the suspected car thief immediately puts the citizen in danger." They conclude that ignoring the alarm is "an entirely rational response to the way the world works." How depressing, and true, that is.
I am reminded of "broken window theory", which I first read about in The Tipping Point (how quaint and
|
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CommonCrawl
| 1.171807 | -0.821341 | -0.241967 | -0.364853 |
gradual the examples in that book now seem in the age of YouTube and Twitter). Basically: if a broken window is left broken, it will lead to a decline in the area where the building is, and to worse crime. So fix the window. Here's the passage from the original 1982 Atlantic Monthly article where the theory was first aired by two criminologists:
Consider a building with a few broken windows. If the windows are not repaired, the tendency is for vandals to break a few more windows. Eventually, they may even break into the building, and if it's unoccupied, perhaps become squatters or light fires inside. Or consider a sidewalk. Some litter accumulates. Soon, more litter accumulates. Eventually, people even start leaving bags of trash from take-out restaurants there or even break into cars.
I think of this theory often, when I see bags of rubbish left outside charity shops overnight, or on weekends when the shop is closed, or when I see an empty shampoo bottle left on the floor of the showers at my gym, just dropped there by a previous occupant as if perhaps their mum will be round later to pick it up after them. If we don't pick up our own detritus, we may not complain when crime occurs on our doorstep.
I saw a preview of Iron Man 3 in 3D last Wednesday but reviews were embargoed until this Wednesday. I think it's pretty good, considering it's the third part of a franchise – and when Iron Man has been seen in the Avengers movie, too. I still hate 3D, but the film itself, under new management with Shane Black at the helm (he co-wrote it with a British writer Drew Pearce, who wrote No Heroics for ITV2, which just shows that dreams can come true), has a certain wit and verve, and its story is one where all that has been built in the previous two films is destroyed, literally, to bring Iron Man back to basics – and then allow him to defeat the baddie in an even more spectacular way at the end of course. It's a shame that Gwyneth Paltrow's character, who is now a CEO of Iron Man's company, becomes little more than a standard damsel in distress in the end. This happens to Rosamund Pike's assistant DA in Jack Reacher, which is out on DVD.
Compared to Jack Reacher, which starts promisingly and collapses into boring gunplay and car chases by the end, at least Iron Man 3 has the common decency to sag in the middle and then improve for the climax. And I can't say why, as it's a spoiler, but there's a scene with Ben Kingsley which is almost worth the price of admission alone. That's all I'm saying.
Have a nice weekend. (It's been sunny, hasn't it? I've actually worn a soft M&S jacket rather than a big M&S waterproof coat four times this week. I give thanks for the belated arrival of spring. I much prefer not to look like Liam Gallagher between my neck and my knees, but practicality dictates. Not that he'd be seen dead in M&S.)
Posted in Diary | Tagged bags, BBC3, blog, Books, diary, economics, films, Marvel, Pappy's | 4 Replies
Writer's blog: Week 14, Good Friday
Posted on March 29, 2013 by Andrew Collins
I am, unusually for a working day, sitting in my kitchen. It is Good Friday. The British Library is closed, which is fair enough, as Good Friday is a bank holiday. I have too much to do to contemplate a day off, but I'm not angling for sympathy. To everyone who does get the day off, on full pay, I wish you a most excellent day (and likewise on Monday, which is Easter Monday, when I will be writing and filming Telly Addict at the Guardian just like it was a normal Monday). At least at home, I can drink my own coffee, and not pay through the nose for it.
Actually, of late, and to beat the system, I have been taking a flask out with me, charged with homemade coffee, which I then decant into a paper Peyton & Byrne cup in the Library canteen. There
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CommonCrawl
| 0.762889 | -0.776081 | -0.594336 | -0.6972 |
are polite notices up stating that only food and drink purchased on the premises can be consumed there, but I don't believe this has ever been aggressively policed – at least, Library users are exactly the type to bring in their own sandwiches. Tupperware tubs are prominent, and, frankly, as long as most diners pay through the nose for Peyton & Byrne's expensive cakes, I feel sure that capitalism ticks over. I don't flaunt my not-bought-on-the-premises food and hot drink, and if I'm meeting someone, I always buy Peyton & Byrne's coffee, and if the person I'm meeting is paying, I always have an overpriced cake too!
Talking of food and drink, I'm hooked back into Masterchef. I usually favour the Celebrity version for reasons shallow, but I reviewed the first episode of the new series of the Civilian one for the Guardian and haven't been able to tear myself away. It's formulaic, but some of the most comforting telly is, and Gregg and John move ever further into self-parody, but, again, it isn't broke, so why fix it? (The irony here is that Masterchef has repeatedly tried to fix itself when unbroken, but aside from the impossible new "palate test", this series is relatively untinkered.)
I was given the basic Great British Bake Off Learn To Bake book for my birthday earlier in the month, and I'm also watching Paul Hollywood's Beard on BBC2 and finding him a stout and reliable tutor, so cooking is back on the agenda. I made this marbled chocolate banana bread at the weekend, which was supposed to be baked in individual tiny cake cases but I chose to do it in a single loaf tin. The result is not "marbling" in the elegant Baroque sense. But it tastes bloody nice. (Someone on Twitter asked if it was gluten-free. I'm afraid not. I have tried baking with rice flour, and various ancient grains, none of which truly did the job. The gluten is the protein that binds dough, and without it, you're on the back foot. I avoid wheat for reasons of waistline expansion and maintenance of general energy levels, but I am not allergic to it, so when it comes to cake, it's gluten or the highway.)
I'd read that you can freeze individual slices of cake, but never tried it before, so – after a call-out for tips and advice on Twitter – I wrapped them in tin foil and put them in a sealable bag. Yesterday I took one out, and by the time I was ready to eat it, it was as good as new. (Typically of Twitter, someone re-Tweeted my call for advice to food writer and TV cook Nigel Slater himself, who said, "It should work, but I'm no expert." I was happy to report back to him that it did work, which makes me an expert.) When you're baking to save money on shop-bought cake and biscuits, you have to learn how to ration. There's a war on.
I should, by rights, have been in Glasgow last night, attending the studio recording of the final episode of "the Pappy's sitcom" for BBC3, which as you know I script-edited. (I think it's still called Secret Dude Society, but that may not be fixed.) However, it was being filmed in BBC studios, and the wrap party was also being held on BBC premises, so I didn't travel up for what would have been, for me, a massive jolly, as the NUJ and Bectu were on strike from midday, over redundancies and "bullying", and it would, for me, have been inappropriate. (It's an entirely personal matter, and I make no judgement on anyone else.)
Anyway, I got a lot more work done yesterday and this morning as a result. As usual with these writer's blogs, I cannot give too much away, but I have three comedies in development, currently, all at varying stages. Of the two pilots script that I've written, one, with C4, is written and delivered, and has hit a stalemate, but it's not over yet. The other, for the BBC, was delivered last year and
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CommonCrawl
| 0.608017 | -1.119345 | -0.879458 | -0.755226 |
sent back for a complete overhaul – it's the one that gave me writer's block – and I have finished the second draft, which I wrote again from scratch, a blank screen. It's almost ready to go to the broadcaster. The third comedy has only just been green-lit for development, and I'm carefully constructing a story breakdown with a production company before launching into the script. In comedy terms, I have three plates spinning. It's all about keeping them from crashing to the floor.
I'm printing this picture in memory of Richard Griffiths, who died yesterday but whose passing was announced today. I feel certain it was taken at the first Empire Awards, which were in 1996, although I can find no record of the event to confirm it. I was definitely at the first Empire Awards, and the second, as a chaperone, and I had a terrific time at both, with various approachable film people, so who knows? I seem to recall a whole load of people connected with Withnail, so was there a special award for that film, or for Bruce Robinson? Don't look on Wikipedia, as it's not there. If anyone can help, I'd be grateful. I certainly jumped at the chance to have my meeting with Richard Griffiths captured on camera, and it's a treasured Polaroid in my archive. Someone on Twitter pointed out that he can only have been 48 at the time, as he was merely 65 when he died. I am 48 today. Mortality is a terrible c—, if you'll pardon the apposite language.
Two further things before I sign off:
Went to the cinema this afternoon – awarding myself half a Bank Holiday, as I'd completed my main writing task of the day by getting up at 6.30am – and after the trailer for A Late Quartet, starring Christopher Walken, I heard an older gentleman in the row behind claim loudly to his wife, "That's Angelina Jolie's dad!" (I resisted the urge to turn round and say to her, "It's not. Don't listen to him.")
Now that we've seen the David Bowie exhibition, with all of his costumes on display, seeing footage of him on TV has taken a new turn. Catching the end of another repeat of BBC4's Ziggy Stardust documentary (the one narrated by Jarvis), we found ourselves going, "Ooh, we've seen that cape!" and "Ooh, we've seen that fishnet vest!" It reminded me of my own dear Nan, who used to love to point out places she and Pap had been on holiday if they ever turned up on television. "Ooh, we've been there, Reg!" she would shout, if they showed, say, Minehead.
Happy Easter.
Posted in Diary | Tagged baking, blog, British Library, cake, diary, Masterchef | 5 Replies
Writer's blog: Week 6, Wednesday
At last. I'm doing something interesting. It's Wednesday, and instead of photographing myself self-consciously looking to one side in the British Library canteen, or on a train, I write today from Glasgow, which in itself is unusual, and from within a caravan, which is even more unusual. This caravan is my dressing room, for today I am an actor. Look, there's my name on the door. The caravans are parked up in the car park of a suburban industrial estate, which is where Scottish production company The Comedy Unit live. (They live in a unit.) They are currently making Secret Dude Society for BBC3, or "the Pappy's sitcom" as it's colloquially known.
My work as script editor finished just before Christmas, when pre-production turned into production, and any further edits to the script would be the responsibility of the writers and producer. I have just been into makeup (which is another, bigger caravan) although you won't notice, as I have been made up to look like myself. This is because I am playing "Andrew Collins" in the show. I only have two lines, but it's a lovely gift from Pappy's, in return for being the schoolteacher who's been marking their homework with a red pen since September.
An actor's life can be a lonely one. I have discovered that. I am alone in my caravan. The other three actors who
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CommonCrawl
| 0.883798 | -1.234848 | -0.611932 | -1.0501 |
are filming today are in their own caravans. Whenever my next-door neighbour, the actor Kim Wall, enters his caravan, it shakes, and so does mine. I am holding up today's call-sheet in the picture above, but have been careful not to show anything that's on it, as I suspect this is not for public consumption. I will have to check with the producers before I reveal any more about my cameo role. In fact, I'd rather keep it a secret until the show is broadcast – it'll be more fun that way. I am expecting to be called to costume any moment, so I'll stop typing.
Another rare thing was waking up in a hotel room this morning. There is something slightly extravagant about taking a train up to Glasgow and being put up in a hotel in order to deliver two lines in a sitcom, but that's entertainment. There is also something about travelling alone that lends you the air of a sales rep. Breakfast for one, all that. Fortunately, I was rescued from the tragedy of eating room service, alone, last night, as Pappy's – that is, Matthew, Ben and Tom – are pretty much living up in Glasgow for the duration of the show and they took me to their local tapas bar, where we drank beer and picked at "small plates" until midnight, subsequently joined by none other than my old radio pal Josie Long, The Pictish Trail aka Edinburgh's fine-bearded Johnny Lynch, and "young comedian" Tom Deacon, who I like very much. (Tom is also up to deliver two lines for Pappy's.)
Anyway, here's another pathetic shot of me in Room 212 at the Abode Hotel (or the Adobe Hotel, as Matthew erroneously calls it, imagining it to be photoshopped and daubed with mud). It's nice to stay in pleasant hotels, but it's nicer to stay in them with a friend, spouse or partner.
Hey, I like to think of myself as well-travelled, but until today I had never seen or used one of these before:
It's a kind of self-contained, ready-loaded individual plastic coffee filter-ette. Environmentally destructive, it also makes a disgusting cup of coffee, I discovered this morning while waiting in my room to be picked up and ferried to the "unit base" and thence to the filming location. (Mind you, I put UHT milk in it, and that's against nature, and the downside to making coffee in a hotel room is, of course, that you use water from a bathroom sink, which isn't for drinking.)
As I type, I'm on the train home from Glasgow and back in the stultifying realms of the usual sort of Photo Booth picture I take of myself for Writer's Blogs. The actual filming took very little time, although it was thrilling to be around technicians and crew who know exactly what it is they're doing. It's like a well-oiled machine. If something went wrong, you just know these people would deal with it, and get back on schedule.
Director Ben Kellett (the man you see at the end of Mrs Brown's Boys, taking a bow with the rest of the crew and family), whom I'd never previously met, seems to be "on it", and Pappy's seem pleased with the way the show's panning out. I won't give anything away about my tiny cameo, or Tom Deacon's, but it's in what's planned as the final episode, and this was my costume. (I wore my own trousers.) Oh, and when I mischeviously Tweeted the shirt earlier, one brilliant wag asked, "Are you playing Jason Manford." Now that's comedy.
It's been a fun trip. I managed to write a 1,000-word feature on Judd Apatow for Radio Times on the train journey up, and my Films Of The Day copy for Radio Times on the train journey back. I'm like a shark; if I stop moving, I die.
By now, this caravan will have been converted back into a dressing room for the next actor. But it was mine for a couple of hours. Mine.
Posted in blog | Tagged acting, comedy, diary, hotel, Josie Long, Pappy's, Scotland, sitcom, trains, travel | 1 Reply
@Gre
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CommonCrawl
| 0.968027 | -1.298439 | -0.615854 | -1.268924 |
A large group of silicate minerals. The most abundant group of minerals in Earth's crust.
Labradorite is a phenomenal feldspar mineral. The word "labradorescence" refers to the iridescent colors that can be seen on specimens like this one. This rough is about four inches across and was collected near Nain, Labrador, Canada.
"Feldspar" is the name of a large group of rock-forming silicate minerals that make up over 50% of Earth's crust. They are found in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks in all parts of the world. Feldspar minerals have very similar structures, chemical compositions, and physical properties. Common feldspars include orthoclase (KAlSi3O8), albite (NaAlSi3O8), and anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8).
To appreciate the importance of feldspar as a rock-forming mineral, let's consider its abundance in Earth's crust. Most of Earth's continental crust is made up of igneous rocks such as granite, diorite, and granodiorite. Feldspars are also important constituents of gabbro and basalt, which are the primary types of rock in Earth's oceanic crust. The accompanying chart shows how these rocks are made up mostly of feldspar minerals. As these igneous rocks are weathered and metamorphosed, their feldspar minerals become components of sediments, sedimentary rocks, and metamorphic rocks.
Feldspar minerals have many uses in industry. They are used to manufacture a wide variety of glass and ceramic products. They are also widely used as fillers in paints, plastics and rubber. Several popular gemstones are feldspar minerals. These include moonstone, sunstone, labradorite, amazonite and spectrolite.
Feldspar mineral classification: This ternary diagram shows how feldspar minerals are classified on the basis of their chemical composition. The sequence of minerals along the left side of the triangle represents the solid solution series of the alkali feldspars. The sequence along the base is the solid solution series of the plagioclase feldspars. Triangular graph paper can be obtained from waterproofpaper.com, a GeoShops.com website.
In this generalized composition, X can be any one of the following seven ions: K+, Na+, Ca++, Ba++, Rb+, Sr++, and Fe++. Feldspars that include potassium, sodium and calcium ions are very common. Barium, rubidium, strontium and iron feldspars are very rare.
The accompanying triangular diagram illustrates two solid solution systems that comprise the feldspar group. The plagioclase feldspars form a solid solution series between the end members of pure albite (NaAlSi3O8) and pure anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8). The alkali feldspars form a solid solution series between pure albite and potassium sanidine (KAlSi3O8).
A list of feldspar minerals with their chemical compositions can be seen in Table 1.
Albite and anorthite have an interesting relationship. Albite is a sodium feldspar, and anorthite is a calcium feldspar. Both of them form by crystallization from a melt. In nature, many melts contain abundant sodium or calcium, along with abundant aluminum, silicon and oxygen. As a result, most albite will contain some calcium substituting for sodium in its crystalline structure, and most anorthite will contain some substitution of sodium for calcium in its crystalline structure. If a sodium ion with a 1+ charge substitutes for a calcium ion with a 2+ charge, a balancing substitution of an aluminum ion with a 3- charge for a silicon ion with a 4- charge will also occur.
The relative abundance of sodium and calcium in melts varies greatly, and the full series of mineral compositions between pure sodium plagioclase and pure calcium plagioclase does occur. This continuum of compositions is known as a solid solution series because it
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C4
| 0.263544 | 1.002533 | 2.016597 | 1.599816 |
is analogous to a melt with dissolved sodium and calcium ions suspended in various positions throughout the solution that we refer to as a melt.
Although the range of mineral compositions between pure albite and pure anorthite is made up of very similar minerals, there are differences in their chemistry and physical properties. To facilitate communication, names are given to the feldspar minerals at different positions in the plagioclase solid solution. These names are arbitrary and based upon the relative amounts of albite and anorthite in their composition. The names of these plagioclase minerals with intermediate compositions are summarized in the accompanying table. They can also be seen forming the plagioclase feldspar series along the base of the triangular diagram described above.
Feldspar minerals with compositions that range between NaAlSi3O8 and KAlSi3O8 are known as alkali feldspars. They include albite (NaAlSi3O8), anorthoclase ((Na,K)AlSi3O8), sanidine ((K,Na)AlSi3O8), orthoclase (KAlSi3O8), and microcline (KAlSi3O8).
Albite and sanidine form a solid solution series between NaAlSi3O8 and KAlSi3O8. Anorthoclase, with a composition of (Na,K)AlSi3O8, occupies the intermediate position between them.
Orthoclase and microcline usually have compositions that are very close to KAlSi3O8. Sanidine can also have a composition very close to KAlSi3O8. These three KAlSi3O8 minerals are polymorphs, meaning they have the same chemical compositions but different crystal structures. Sanidine has a monoclinic structure, orthoclase is monoclinic, and sanidine is triclinic. The determining factor for the formation of these three minerals with a KAlSi3O8 composition is temperature. Sanidine is the high-temperature form, orthoclase is the intermediate-temperature form, and microcline is the low-temperature form.
Arkose is a sedimentary rock that forms from the weathering of feldspar-rich igneous and metamorphic rocks. It is a sandstone that contains at least 25% feldspar.
In sedimentary deposits produced from the weathering of feldspar-bearing igneous and metamorphic rocks, feldspars are usually most abundant close to the source area. Feldspars generally decline in abundance with distance from the source because during transport, they can be attacked by weathering and altered to clay minerals. In addition, their two directions of perfect cleavage make them vulnerable to mechanical weathering, which decreases their particle size and exposes a greater surface area to chemical weathering.
Arkose is a sedimentary rock that forms from the weathering of feldspar-rich igneous and metamorphic rocks. This origin is evident because arkose is a sandstone that contains at least 25% feldspar, usually in the form of grains that can be easily identified as feldspar. Arkose is usually found immediately down gradient and close to the outcrops from which the feldspar grains were weathered. Long transportation distances destroy the feldspar grains, and extended exposure to weathering converts the feldspars into clay minerals. Clay minerals are feldspar's other contribution to the sedimentary record. They accumulate as mud or soil and often form sediments that become shales and mudrocks.
Right-angle cleavage: One of the most diagnostic properties of feldspar is its two directions of cleavage that usually intersect at or close to ninety degrees.
Color Usually white, pink, gray or brown. Also colorless, yellow, orange, red, black, blue, green.
Cleavage Perfect in two directions. Cleavage planes usually intersect at or close to a 90 degree angle.
Diagnostic Properties Perfect cleavage, with cleavage faces usually intersecting at or close to 90 degrees. Consistent hardness, specific gravity and pearly luster on cleavage faces.
Chemical Composition A generalized chemical composition of X(Al,Si)4O8, where X is usually pot
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] | 1,024 |
C4
| 0.313895 | 1.402251 | 1.65078 | 1.549221 |
assium, sodium, or calcium, but rarely can be barium, rubidium, or strontium.
Uses Crushed and powdered feldspar are important raw materials for the manufacture of plate glass, container glass, ceramic products, paints, plastics and many other products. Varieties of orthoclase, labradorite, oligoclase, microcline and other feldspar minerals have been cut and used as faceted and cabochon gems.
Although there are many feldspar minerals, they all share a tight range of physical properties that are surprisingly consistent. Most of them exhibit two directions of perfect cleavage that intersect at or close to ninety degrees. An example of this type of cleavage can be seen in the accompanying photo.
Most feldspar minerals have a Mohs hardness of approximately 6 to 6.5 and a specific gravity between 2.5 and 2.8. They all have a vitreous luster that is often pearly on cleavage faces. The accompanying table shows the generalized physical properties of the feldspar mineral group.
These consistent properties of feldspar are extremely useful even when the feldspar crystals are very small. People who are familiar with feldspar cleavage can pick up an igneous rock that contains crystals of just a few millimeters in size, examine it with a hand lens, and easily differentiate the feldspars from other minerals in the rock. With minimal practice they can also use a set of mineral hardness picks and a hand lens to determine the Mohs hardness of such tiny grains.
Buddingtonite is an ammonium feldspar with a chemical composition of (NH4)(AlSi3)O8. It has been found where feldspar minerals have been altered by hydrothermal activity.
Banalsite (Na2BaAl4Si4O16) is a rare barium feldspar. It forms a complete solid solution series with stronalsite (Na2SrAl4Si4O16), in which barium and strontium substitute for one another.
Celsian, paracelsian and hexacelsian are rare barium feldspars and polymorphs that share the chemical composition of BaAl2Si2O8. They form in low-temperature hydrothermal environments.
Rubicline is a rare rubidium-bearing feldspar with a chemical composition of (Rb,K)(AlSi3O8). It is similar to microcline but has never been found without potassium and rubidium substituting for one another.
Feldspars in Soils: This map shows the distribution of feldspar group minerals in the A Horizon of United States soils. The abundances are highest in areas where igneous rocks outcrop at the surface, such as New England, the Rocky Mountain area and the West Coast. Click the image to enlarge.
About 600,000 metric tons of feldspar is produced each year in the United States. Most of this feldspar is crushed into fine granules or powders and then consumed in factories that produce plate glass, ceramic tile, fiberglass insulation, paints, plastics, pottery, container glass and other products. Most of these products play an important role in commercial and residential construction, and the demand for feldspar is supported by the health of the construction industry.
Almost all of the feldspar production in the United States is from quarries in North Carolina, Idaho, California, Virginia, Oklahoma and South Dakota. These locations produce enough feldspar to supply nearly all of the nation's consumption. The resource available for future production is enormous. The only challenge is that the feldspar resource might not be located at a convenient distance from points of consumption. Nevertheless, the United States' annual net import reliance as a percentage of apparent feldspar consumption is low - usually no more than 10 to 20%.
Aventurescent sunstone: Close-up photo of a sunstone cabochon, showing beautiful flashes of aventurescence caused by light reflecting from the copper platelet inclusions within the stone.
Blue labradorite: Photograph of a labradorite cabochon with an electric blue play-of-color. Photograph copy
|
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C4
| 0.012641 | 0.57686 | 2.152882 | 0.916783 |
right iStockphoto / Joanna-Palys.
Star Moonstone: A moonstone cabochon that exhibits a rare four-ray star.
Several varieties of feldspar minerals are used as gemstones. Three of them, moonstone, sunstone, and labradorite, are known for their unique optical phenomena.
Moonstone is a gem material that consists of microscopically thin and alternating layers of feldspar minerals of different compositions. When light enters a polished gemstone and encounters these layers, it is scattered in many directions. This produces a glow within the gemstone known as adularescence. The glow appears to float slightly under the surface of the gem and moves as the source of illumination moves, as the angle of observation is changed, or as the gemstone is moved under the light. People enjoy this soft glow, especially when it has a striking color or the body color of the moonstone is pleasing. Orthoclase is the most common feldspar mineral to host the adularescent phenomena; however, it is also known in albite, oligoclase and labradorite.
Sunstone is a gem that contains tiny plate-shaped and highly reflective particles with a common orientation. When light enters the gemstone, it strikes these particles and they reflect it with a glittery flash known as aventurescence. The particles might be tiny flakes of copper, hematite, mica or other reflective mineral. Labradorite and oligoclase are the feldspar minerals that most often have aventurescence. In some localities colored but non-aventurescent labradorite is also called "sunstone," but aventurescent material is usually mined nearby.
Labradorite is sometimes intergrown in microscopic layers with albite or other plagioclase minerals. When light enters a polished gem and strikes these layers at just the right angle, the light is scattered, its wavelengths are modified, and an iridescent reflection is produced. This can result in spectacular flashes of strong iridescent colors in electric blue, green, yellow, orange and pink. This phenomena is known as "labradorescence" and named after the mineral that is best known for producing it.
The phenomenal properties of moonstone, sunstone and labradorite are almost always cut as dome-shaped cabochons. Their phenomenal properties are dependent upon light striking microscopic structures within a polished stone at just the right angle. To make that happen, skilled craftsmen who understand the optical phenomena of these gems must study the rough and cut the stone so that the planes where the optical phenomena are produced are parallel to the bottom of the cut gemstone.
Alert cutters might notice rare chatoyancy or asterism in moonstone rough. With proper planning, orientation, and skillful cutting, this rough can be used to produce cabochons that exhibit a cat's eye or a four-ray star.
Moonstone is the best known of the phenomenal feldspars, but it is not found in many popular jewelry stores. All three of these gems are best found at gem and lapidary shows or at stores that specialize in unique and interesting gems and jewelry. They can be easily found online; however, it is best to buy these stones or jewelry set with them where you can pick them up, play them in the light, and examine the strength, color and pattern of the optical effect. If you have a number of pieces to select from, examine many of them because one or several of them will appeal to you much more strongly than the others - and different stones will appeal to different people. It is best not to leave this to a random selection by the vendor or a friend. You will be happiest if you pick the one that appeals to your eye.
Amazonite cabochons: Amazonite is a trade name for a green to bluish-green variety of microcline feldspar that is often cut into cabochons, beads and tumbled stones.
Faceted feldspar: Two specimens of labradorite feldspar that have been cut into faceted stones. Specimens from Oregon are often called "sunstone" - even nonphenomenal specimens without the aventurescence that many people believe is needed to merit the "sunstone" name.
What is Feldspar? Website article, Indust
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C4
| 1.120183 | 0.39517 | 1.614915 | 1.114104 |
Solitary stout rattan climbing to 7 m tall; stem without sheaths to 25 mm diam., with sheaths to 50 mm diam., internodes short, c. 50 mm long. Sheath bright green, armed with robust brown spines to 25 × 4 mm, scattered or arranged in partial whorls, pale brown hairs abundant between the spines, spines around the sheath mouth large, crowded, ± horizontal, 20-50 × 4 mm; knee absent; ocrea soon tattering. Flagellum absent. Leaf ecirrate, to 3 m including petiole; petiole to 1.5 m, armed laterally with regular horizontal spines, 20-50 × 4 mm; leaflets regularly arranged, 40-75 on each side of the rachis, stiff, narrow, linear, the longest in mid leaf, c. 50 × 2.5 cm, the apical divaricate, c. 12 × 1 cm, drying dull reddish or dirty brown, the lower surface with short regular bristles on 3 nerves. Inflorescences 1-1.5 m long or more, arching; prophyll very robust, armed with lateral groups of spines and abundant tomentum, expanded apically to form a tattered limb at least 15 × 4 cm, bearing abundant long brown spines 10-40 × 3 mm; primary bracts tubular at the base, splitting and expanded to form spiny limbs, the whole bract frequently longer than the inflorescence; male rachillae distichous, rather crowded, ± reflexed, to 12 ×2 mm; female rachillae distichous, stiff, ± reflexed, 20-50 × 4 mm; rachilla bracts very hairy. Mature fruit ± broad ellipsoid, 10 × 8 mm, beaked, covered in 18 vertical rows of chestnut brown scales.
Solitary or densely clustering acaulescent rattan; stem subterranean or decumbent, scarcely exceeding 40 cm long, c. 15-20 mm diam without sheaths, with sheaths to 30 mm diam.; internodes very short, scarcely more than 3 cm long. Leaves ecirrate, 1.8 - 3 m long; sheaths green with pale green spines when fresh, drying pale reddish brown throughout, rather densely armed with scattered and grouped flattened, narrow triangular spines, 5-23 × 1-3 mm, held horizontally or upward-pointing, spines around the leaf sheath mouth more crowded but scarcely differing from the rest, pale brown indumentum abundant between the spines; petiole 70 - 150 cm long, c. 7 mm wide near the base, armed basally with two rows of evenly spaced, conspicuous flattened, pale brown spines 25-45 mm long, c. 2-3 mm wide at the base, c. 2 - 4 cm distant, and scattered much shorter spines, distally the petiole only very sparsely armed; rachis somewhat arcuate, ± unarmed, bearing 21-28 somewhat divaricate regularly spaced leaflets on each side, the longest to 45 × 2.5 cm in mid leaf, the apical leaflets to 20 × 1.3 cm, leaflets conspicuously 3-veined on upper surface, sparsely armed with short bristles along the main vein on the under surface only, transverse veinlets sinuous. Inflorescences staminate and pistillate superficially similar, the staminate branching to 3 orders (and known only in mummified state), the pistillate branching to two orders and with 2 partial inflorescences only; peduncle arcuate, c. 80 cm long; prophyll c. 60 × 0.4-0.5 cm, with short narrow lanceolate flattened limb 11-20 × 1.8-2.2 cm, unarmed throughout; peduncular bracts much shorter, split down much of their length, the flattened limb to 13 ×
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] | 1,024 |
C4
| -0.064838 | 0.810461 | 0.947836 | -0.319634 |
Session 107: Highlights of the 1...
Session 107: Highlights of the 13th Biennial Alpha Congress
Tuesday, 6th Dec 2022, 3pm EST LIVE, 8pm UK, 9pm CET
TRY THE NEW ALPHA FORUM HERE:
https://forum.alphascientists.org/
Description: International IVF Initiative(I3)- Online Session 107: HIGHLIGHTS OF THE 13TH BIENNIAL ALPHA CONGRESS
Tuesday, 6th Dec 2022, 3pm EST LIVE, 8pm UK, 9pm CET [104 mins]
Course outline/synopsis:
The webinar focussed on the International Society responsible for many IVF consensus publications, IVF meetings and books on clinical embryology, Alpha- scientists in reproductive medicine. It highlighted its legacy, future work in the ART community and selected talks and awarded work presented at this year's Alpha Conference in Seville.
Former President, Sharon Mortimer, gave an introduction to the history of Society, its initiative and its latest scientific work: ESHRE and Alpha Scientists in Reproductive Medicine have recently joined forces and initiated the project to update the Istanbul consensus recommendations on oocyte and embryo morphology assessment.
The panel of Alpha member chaired by Alpha committee members Mina Alikani ( current president) Alison Campbell (deputy president) , Sharon Mortimer, Dean Morbeck and Christophe Blockeel discussed and engaged in insightful communication with three winners of scientific work that was selected from the 2022 program.
Questions from the audience covered all aspects of the three talks.
Alessandra Alteri, the Winner of the Best Free Communication presented "The effect of laser assisted hatching on vitrified-warmed blastocysts: a multicentric randomized controlled trial". She described methods of assisted hatching with a review on papers and the "add on" debate with data from her multicentric prospective comparative study concluding that there was no significant difference between assisted-hatching group and control group in terms of live birth rate, also stratifying by age when using vitrified-warmed blastocysts.
Ainhoa Larreategui (Winner of the Best Poster Presentation) gave an impressive talk with unique imagery of cellular activity in her talk "Centrosome failure and peri-centrosome fragmentation in the first cell division of non-rodent mammalian zygotes" presented cleavage anomalies and discussed what makes the first zygotic division more error prone. Using Chromatin and microtubule staining she illustrated that the lack of centrosome activity does not prevent the formation of the mitotic spindle but worsens chromosome clustering; Non-engagement of centrosomes to the mitotic spindle increases the possibility of chromosome segregation errors; the position of centrosomes and their fragmentation give rise to direct cleavage events.
Anja Pinborg, awarded the most critically important invited lecture gave an in depth review of "FET offspring health", concluding after highlighting many studies including her regions extensive data collection policy that, although there is a higher risk of large for gestational age, macrosomia in preeclampsia and post-partum haemorrhage after FET and programmed FET compared with fresh ET or natural cycle FET, there is a similar academic performance at school in children born after FET and fresh-ET and that growth and cardiovascular health in children born after FET is reassuring.
Closing Remarks were by Mina Alikani and Dean Morbeck who introduced the "Alpha Forum", a new way for embryologist to engage in scientific conversation and peer led education via a new electronic portal (Forum).
Mina Alikani, Alison Campbell, Sharon Mortimer, Dean Morbeck and Christophe Blockeel
Introduction by Sharon Mortimer
Presenting:
Alessandra Alteri – Winner Best Free Communication
"The effect of laser assisted hatching on vitrified-warmed blastocysts: a multicentric randomized controlled trial"
Ainhoa Larreategui – Winner Best Poster Presentation
"Centrosome failure and
|
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] | 1,024 |
CommonCrawl
| 0.378085 | 0.691065 | 1.135228 | 1.308895 |
peri-centrosome fragmentation in the first cell division of non-rodent mammalian zygotes"
Anja Pinborg – Most critically important invited lecture
"FET offspring health"
Closing Remarks by Mina Alikani and Dean Morbeck introducing the Alpha Forum!
Panel discussion and Q and A.
DR. MINA ALIKANI
Mina is a Clinical Embryologist, certified as a High Complexity Clinical Laboratory Director (HCLD) and Clinical Consultant (CC) by the American Board of Bioanalysis. She obtained her PhD in 2006 from Monash University under the mentorship of Professors Alan Trounson and Steen Willadsen. During her 35+ year career, she has focused on improving IVF laboratory performance and outcomes via meticulous practice, detailed observation, embracing of new and bold technologies, and teaching and training of others to do the same.
Mina has lectured worldwide on ART topics and has authored and co-authored more than 80 articles and book chapters on laboratory aspects of assisted reproduction. She is an editor of RBMO and currently the President of Alpha Scientists in Reproductive Medicine. She also serves on the Scientific Advisory Board of TMRW Life Sciences.
DR. ALISON CAMPELL
Dr Alison Campbell is the Chief Scientific Officer at CARE Fertility, an expanding and leading clinical group consisting of 14 embryology laboratories and around 150 Scientists, in the UK and Ireland. Alison has over 25 years experience in the field in Reproductive Medicine and has played a key role in establishing and integrating new laboratories, driving standards and best practice, and leading scientific research and development across the CARE group. Alison is a Fellow of the Royal College of Pathologists, an Associate Editor of Human Reproduction, a Section Editor of RBM Online and a member of the Alpha Scientists in Assisted Reproduction Executive Board. Alison has recently established a Masters degree course in clinical embryology in partnership with Liverpool John Moore's University
DR. SHARON MORTIMER
Dr. Sharon Mortimer graduated with a BSc (Hons) from the University of Newcastle, and a PhD from the University of Sydney. She became a clinical embryologist in 1985, and later a consultant in ART, involved in the development, design, and improvement of assisted conception programs. She has been a CFAS-certified ART Laboratory Scientific Director since 2013, and became a Certified Organizational Coach in 2022.
Sharon co-authored Quality and Risk Management in the IVF Laboratory (Cambridge University Press, 2005, and 2015 (2nd edition)), as well as more than 60 peer-reviewed publications and book chapters and eight international professional consensus guidelines. She is currently the Scientific Director of the Fertility Laboratory in St Johns, Newfoundland, an Adjunct Professor in REI at the University of British Columbia, and the Past President of Alpha Scientists in Reproductive Medicine.
Dr. Morbeck a freelance consultant based in the US and NZ and an adjunct associate professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Monash University. He brings a data-driven discipline to help clinics identify quality improvement opportunities. In addition, Dr. Morbeck has a passion for clinically-relevant translational science and education - bringing innovative and insightful content to all areas of fertility care. He has held several leadership positions, including Chief Scientific Officer for Kindbody, Scientific Director at Fertility Associates New Zealand and Sunfert International Fertility Centre, Malaysian and Associate Professor at the Mayo Clinic in Obstetrics and Gynecology and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology. He obtained his Bachelor of Science from the University of Wisconsin, his MS and PhD from North Carolina State University and his MBA from Augsburg College. His research has focussed on quality in the laboratory, from culture media, protein and oil, and the use of KPIs to the promising integration of artificial intelligence. He has a keen interest in improving the patient experience through leveraging technology to enhance the delivery of fertility care.
DR. ALESSANDRA ALTERI
Alessandra Alteri obtained her Ph.D. in Cell and Developmental Biology at
|
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] | 1,024 |
CommonCrawl
| 0.874289 | 1.236135 | 0.899419 | 1.448031 |
Page Nos. 141-180
Online since Wednesday, December 8, 2021
Insignificant small can still be mighty: Trend of chronic kidney disease in Nigeria p. 141
Oluwaseyi Abiodun Akpor, Abigael Oluwaseyi Adeoye, Blessing Awhin, Olaolorunpo Olorunfemi
The global burden of chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) kept increasing, and it is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity rate in most African countries. The burden of CKD is felt more in developing countries where there is no adequate social security system or health insurance to meet the huge financial demands the disease places on its sufferers and their families. It is also noted that this disease affects the economically productive age group unlike in developed countries where the elderly are more affected. The prevalence of CKD was found to be highly related to age, gender, hypertension, obesity, history of diabetes mellitus, use of herbal medicines, and prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in Nigeria. The majority of CKD cases were not clinically recognized promptly, mainly because of the lack of patients' awareness about CKD and associated risk factors. Therefore, health awareness should be intensified by the nurses on lifestyle modification by individuals at risk of CKD, prompt management, good compliance with prescribed medications, avoidance of self-medication, and indiscriminate use of over-the-counter drugs. In addition to that, nurses also need to advocate for regular population screening, and efforts should be made at all levels of care to reduce the negative impact of the disease and complications on the patients.
Moxibustion plus acupuncture improves the efficacy and quality of life of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled trial p. 148
Qian Zhang, Li-xiu Liu
Objective: To observe the effect of moxibustion combined with acupuncture on the efficacy and quality of life of spleen-kidney-yang-deficiency patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Materials and Methods: A total of 90 patients with PCOS of spleen-kidney yang deficiency type from January 2020 to March 2021 were selected and randomly divided into three groups, 30 patients each in the moxibustion group, acupuncture group, and moxibustion combined with acupuncture group (combined group). The changes of body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fasting insulin (FINS), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinical symptom score, efficacy, and quality of life score in the three groups were observed before and 3 months after treatment. Results: After treatment, (1) compared with the moxibustion and acupuncture groups, the combined group was more effective in reducing BMI (F = 5.274, P < 0.05) and WHR (F = 8.246, P < 0.05) in PCOS patients; (2) FINS, FPG, and HOMA-IR were reduced in all three groups, and the reduction in these three indicators was more pronounced in combined group (FINS: F = 5.637, P < 0.05, FPG: F = 4.915, P < 0.05, HOMA-IR: F = 3.817, P < 0.05); (3) The FSH, LH, and T levels of patients in the combined group were better than those in the remaining two groups (FSH: F = 4,163, P < 0.05, LH: F = 5.098, P < 0.05, T: F = 7.0
|
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] | 1,024 |
CommonCrawl
| -0.730136 | 0.314707 | -0.274245 | 0.257782 |
38, P < 0.05); (4) The TG and TC of patients in the combined group were lower than those in the remaining two groups (TG: F = 4.806, P < 0.05, TC: F = 3.828, P < 0.05); (5) The TCM clinical symptom score of the combined group was significantly lower than those of the moxibustion and acupuncture groups (F = 4.547, P < 0.05); (6) The quality of life of patients in the combined group improved more significantly than the moxibustion and acupuncture groups (F = 6.239, P < 0.05); (7) The total effective rate of the combined group was higher than that of the moxibustion and acupuncture groups (χ2 = 6.947, P = 0.031). Conclusion: The combination of moxibustion and acupuncture can effectively reduce the BMI and WHR of PCOS patients, improve the endocrine function, sex hormone level, TCM symptoms and quality of life of patients, and has significant efficacy and high safety, which is worthy of wide clinical application.
Relationship of demoralization with anxiety, depression, and demographics of Chinese dialysis patients p. 155
Cai-Lan Zhuang, Juan-Lian Zheng, Lei Gao, Ying-Ling Huang, Wen-Jing Hu
Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the demoralization level of dialysis patients in China and analyze the influencing factors. Materials and Methods: A convenience sample of 278 dialysis patients from a tertiary hospital participated in a cross-sectional descriptive study using a structured questionnaire including assessments of demographic data, Demoralization Scale-II (DS-II), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The main analysis consisted of descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression. Results: The mean standard deviation DS-II score was 11.87 (7.72). Dialysis patients had a high level of demoralization. Findings from multiple linear regression indicated that demoralization was positively correlated with marital status (β = 0.141; P = 0.001), employment status (β = 0.113; P = 0.006), anxiety (β = 0.393; P < 0.001), and depression (β = 0.224; P < 0.001). These variables explained 57.1% of the variance in patient demoralization. Conclusions: Demoralization is common in dialysis patients and is associated with marital status, employment status, anxiety, and depression. Health-care providers might regularly assess demoralization in dialysis patients, and develop related interventions to improve the quality of life.
Application of five-element music therapy in pain coping skills training in patients with knee osteoarthritis p. 161
Suqian Li, Jingjin Xu, Ling Tang, Ye Li, Huaxin Wang, Lixue Zhao, Jianshuang Yao, Shuying Wang, Nan Li
Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the application effect of five elements music therapy introduced in the pain coping skills training of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Materials and Methods: Totally, 80 patients with KOA were selected and randomly divided into the experimental group (39 cases) and the control group (41 cases). The control group was only given routine nursing measures, and the experimental group was additionally treated with five-element music therapy on the basis of the control group, twice a day, 28 days in total. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) was used to evaluate the functional status of the knee joint of the two groups. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated by Guiding Principles for Clinical Research of New Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis. Results: WOMAC score statistically significantly decreased in the experimental group (35.92 ± 9.48 vs. 16.17
|
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] | 1,024 |
CommonCrawl
| -0.792628 | 0.480824 | -0.537849 | 0.288139 |
± 5.43, P < 0.01) and the control group (36.73 ± 6.42 vs. 22.53 ± 7.51, P < 0.01) after 28 days of intervention when compared with that before intervention; WOMAC score in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group after 28 days of intervention (16.17 ± 5.43 vs. 22.53 ± 7.51, P < 0.01). The total effective rate of the experimental group was statistically higher than that of the control group (82.0% vs. 51.2%, χ2 = 11.97, P= 0.003). Conclusion: The combination of five-element music therapy and routine nursing measures has better effect in relieving pain and bad emotions of patients with KOA when compared with routine nursing measures alone.
A study on the correlation between function motivation and professional identity among nursing volunteers p. 165
Juan Xu, Wenjun Hao, Hui Yang, Xuanxuan Li
Objective: The objective of this study is to understand the status quo of function motivation and professional identity among nursing volunteers and explore the correlation between the two. Materials and Methods: A total of 3375 nursing volunteers from Nightingale Volunteer Service Group in Shanxi Province were investigated by using Occupational Identity Scale and Volunteer Functional Motivation Scale. Results: A total of 3375 questionnaires were issued and 3330 were recovered, among which 3324 were valid, with an effective recovery rate of 99.82% (3324/3330). The overall score of professional identity of nurses was 110.31 ± 18.71, and the score of each dimension was 32.17 ± 6.62 for professional cognitive evaluation dimension, 22.77 ± 3.74 for professional social support, 21.31 ± 4.09 for professional social skills, 22.78 ± 3.79 for professional frustration coping, and 11.32 ± 2.03 for professional self-reflection. The total score of function motivation was 157.12 ± 29.92. The above five dimensions of nurse's professional identity scale were positively correlated with the total score of function motivation of nursing volunteers (r = 0.044, 0.035, 0.034, 0.035, and 0.042, respectively, all P < 0.05). Conclusion: The functional motivation and professional identity of nursing volunteers in Shanxi Province are in the middle level in China. Therefore, it is necessary for the hospital to stimulate nursing staff's enthusiasm about participation by carrying out multi-channel and multi-form volunteer service projects, enhance their professional identity, and make them better give back nursing professional skills to the society.
Self-management of cataract extraction among diabetes patients p. 170
Funke Elizabeth Akintunde, Olaolorunpo Olorunfemi, Rasidi Akinade Salawu, Mary Olabisi Oyekanmi, Babatunde Abdul-latef Adeyeni, Olawale Rasheed Oladapo, Jeminat Omotade Sodimu
Background: Diabetes-related cataract extraction is a minor surgery required to regain full vision. One of the recognized factors that can delay or prevent full-vision recovery is poor management, and most of this management is being carried out by patients themselves. Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge of diabetes patients on self-management after cataract extraction in two tertiary hospitals in Osun State. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design was conducted among 97 diabetes patients who underwent cataract extraction and were attending clinics and follow-up visits in Osun State. A self-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: Moderate knowledge was found among the participants on an appropriate diet (56.7
|
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CommonCrawl
| -0.923047 | 0.239436 | -0.734207 | 0.219836 |
Location in Orange County and the state of New York.
New Windsor is a town in Orange County, New York, United States. The Town of New Windsor is in the eastern part of the county, bordering the Town of Newburgh and the City of Newburgh. The population was estimated at 25,244 in 2010 by the US Census.
The National Purple Heart Hall of Honor is located on Route 300 in the Town of New Windsor.
The region was originally inhabited by the Munsee people, part of the Lenape confederation. The first European settlers were colonists from Scotland who arrived in 1685. The Town of New Windsor was created in 1763.
Settlement rights in the area that now encompasses the town were obtained from the Munsee by Governor Thomas Dongan, who encouraged the settlement of a party of Scottish colonists led by David Toshack, the Laird of Monzievaird, and his brother-in-law Major Patrick McGregorie. They arrived in 1685 and settled in the area overlooking the Hudson River near Moodna Creek. McGregorie is said to have built a cabin north of the creek on Conwanham's Hill at Plum Point, while Toshack set up a trading post south of the creek on Sloop Hill. In June 1685, Governor Dongan appointed McGregorie Muster-Master of Militia for the City and Province of New York.
A rival claim was obtained in 1694 by Captain John Evans of HMS Richmond, who was granted powers and privileges as lord of the manor. The next governor, the Earl of Bellomont, decided that this was unfair to the settlers, and had the Evans grant annulled in 1699. An additional patent of 1,000 acres was issued in 1709 to William Chambers and William Southerland. Around 1709, the portion of the town nearest the Hudson River was organized under the Precinct of the Highlands (Ulster County), remaining thus until 1743. In 1762, separate precincts were created for the Town of New Windsor and Newburgh.
The name of the town is from Windsor, England, with the New being prefixed. By whom this was conferred cannot be ascertained, but first appears in 1728 records of the London "Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts". Among one of the earliest roads was the King's Highway, later known as "the Goshen Road", which ran north and south. Among the early residents of the town was William Ellison who kept as early as 1732 kept a store and owned sloops that sailed from New Windsor to New York. Captains James and William Jackson also owned their own sloops.
During much of the Revolutionary War, New Windsor served as the major depot for the Continental Army and Army Medical Dept. The majority of Town residents supported the war efforts and its leaders.
In October 1782, the troops began to arrive and set up tents, while they began building their huts. This encampment or cantonment covered 1600 acres (6.5 km2) and quartered 6000–8000 men, women and children from New York, New Jersey, New Hampshire, Massachusetts and Maryland. Here this army built a log city of over 700 huts for the soldiers and many other outbuildings, guardhouses, blacksmith shops, a stable, kitchens, and a hospital. In addition, a long building called the "Temple" was constructed. It was proposed by Rev. Israel Evans, Chaplain to the Army, that a structure be built for religious services. The building also served a general meeting hall. Upon its completion, the officers held a ball.
In order to reward the fidelity and faithfulness of soldiers, Gen. Washington ordered the establishment of an honor, the Badge of Merit, to be bestowed on them. Today, this honor is known as the Purple Heart.
In an effort to preserve this encampment, the Town of New Windsor acquired a 167-acre (0.68 km2) tract consisting of much of the former hut sites. Since 1936, the Town of New Windsor and the membership of the National Temple Hill Association have striven to ensure the preservation of this, the final winter encampment.
The
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C4
| 0.166155 | -0.31634 | 1.901831 | 0.184419 |
Little Britain Presbyterian Church was organized by Irish and Scottish immigrants. The first church building was constructed in 1765 used by the Continentals as a hospital. This was subsequently destroyed by fire and a new structure was erected in 1807.
In 1814, the town was divided into nine school districts. The first school was a one-room schoolhouse built on Quassaick Avenue in 1841. Epiphany Apostolic College was founded in 1925. The site is now owned by the Newburgh Enlarged City School District.
Between about 1858 to 1859 the Palmer and Longking company operated on the Quassaick Creek the first large scale factory for the manufacture of "bellows-box" daguerreotype cameras. The factory, on the site of Sterrit's former pin factory, had approximately thirty-five employees. The building was later converted to a flour mill and subsequently burned down.
Knox's Headquarters: In 1724 Thomas Ellison purchased the Vincent Matthews property at Vails Gate. In 1754 Thomas Ellison Jr. had noted stonemason William Bull of Hamptonburgh build a stone mansion and mill off Forge Hill Road. The property later passed to his son, John Ellison. Grain from as far west as Montgomery was ground and sold at this mill. The house later served during the Revolutionary War as a general's headquarters by Nathanael Greene, Horatio Gates and subsequently by Henry Knox.
New Windsor Cantonment State Historic Site: A patent was granted to Colonel John Haskell in 1719 of 2,000 acres and another 2,000 acres in 1721 upon which he settled in 1726. He erected a log cabin on what was known as the Dusenberry farm, upon which the army erected the Temple when encamped there. In addition to the Last Encampment of the Continental Army hut sites owned by the Town of New Windsor, the temple site is operated by the State of New York, known as the New Windsor Cantonment. Located there is the Mountainville Hut, believed to be a survivor from the encampment.
Edmonston House: James Edmonston came from County Tipperary, Ireland in 1720. For time his log cabin was the only house between New Windsor and what would become Washingtonville. A stone house located on Route 94 was built by James' son William in 1755 to replace the log cabin.
The Thomas McDowell House, located on Lake Road in the Little Britain section of the Town of New Windsor was built around 1770 by McDowell, an early settler of the area. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.
The Brewster House: Samuel Brewster and his brother Henry came to New Windsor about 1743 and had been among the first proprietors of the township in 1749. The Brewster House was built in 1762 as a simple fieldstone house. Brewster was a member of the Committee of Safety during the American Revolution. He is mainly remembered in local history as the owner of a saw-mill, forge and anchor shop and assisted in forging the chain which was stretched across the Hudson River in the hope of checking the movement of British vessels up that stream. The building now houses Schlesinger's Steak House.
The Vails Gate United Methodist Church (originally the New Windsor Methodist Church) was founded in 1789. The congregation met in John Ellison's store until 1807 when a church was built on land donated by Ellison. It was the first Methodist Church built in Orange County.
St. Thomas Episcopal Church is located on River Road in New Windsor, New York, a short distance off US 9W. It was established in 1818 on land bequeathed by Thomas Ellison. It is a small stone building listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.
St. Joseph Roman Catholic Church began as a mission church in 1880. In August 2015 St. Joseph's parish merged with the parish of St. Thomas of Canterbury in Cornwall-on-Hudson.
Ridgecrest Baptist Church on Blooming Grove Turnpike was begun in 1
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C4
| 0.201816 | -0.387719 | 1.840861 | 0.427276 |
962.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 37.0 square miles (95.9 km2). 34.8 square miles (90.1 km2) of it is land and 2 square miles (5.2 km2) (6.03%) is water.
The east town line, marked by the Hudson River, is the border of Dutchess County, New York. Part of the north town line borders the City of Newburgh. The remainder of the north town line is with the Town of Newburgh and the Town of Montgomery.
Interstate 87, the New York State Thruway, is a major north-south highway. NY-207 is an east-west state highway.
Beaverdam Lake – (1) a lake at the south town line, (2) part of the hamlet is located by the lake. The hamlet is also located in the Town of Blooming Grove.
Clancyville – Quassaick Bridge – early 19th-century community built around once-thriving manufacturing mills located on the Quassaick Creek. Established by many Polish, Italian and other immigrants who built small homes, enlarging them as they prospered. The area was built on the early farm of John J. Clancy, who subdivided it into small building lots. Sometimes referred to as Ducktown by local residents, whose practice was to keep ducks and other poultry about their homes.
Machin's Battery – Capt. Thomas Machin was entrusted with the construction of fortifications on the Hudson River to prevent the British advance up the Hudson River. Machin's Battery of Twelve Guns, was Placed on the South End of Plum Point, to Support the Cheveaux-de-frize to Polopel's Island, 1777, however this did not stop the British advance north to burn Kingston.
Plum Point – (Kowawese Unique Area) – a park, opened in the fall of 1996, located directly on the shore of the Hudson River. From this vantage exquisite views of the Newburgh Bay to the North and Cornwall bay to the south can be seen. Plum Point was an almost always occupied site from pre-historic man to the present.
Rock Tavern – a hamlet near the west town line on NY-207. Rock Tavern is named for early landmark that was a gathering place for many years. The Tavern owned and operated by John Humphrey in 1740 was located near the intersection of present-day Forrester Road. The tavern gets its name from a large boulder which formed its foundation. It was here that the plans were made for the organization of the present Orange County. Rock Tavern has its own post office (zip code 12575) with home delivery to the western portion of the Town of New Windsor and the southwestern corner of the Town of Newburgh.
Vails Gate – a hamlet south of the City of Newburgh. Formerly Mortinville and Tookers Gate it was a site at which all major roads crossed. The roads were part of the early private turnpike system, which was served by a toll gate to collect tolls. Remnants of former 19th century business community still exist including Lewis Hall on Rt 94 which served for many years as town hall meeting place prior to construction of 244 Union Ave., the old town hall. Vails Gate has its own post office (zip code 12584) with post office boxes, but no home delivery.
As of the census of 2000, there were 22,866 people, 8,396 households, and 6,078 families residing in the town. The population density was 657.4 people per square mile (253.8/km2). There were 8,759 housing units at an average density of 97.2 persons/km² (251.8 persons/sq mi). The racial makeup of the town was 84.72% White, 6.76% African American, 0.27% Native American, 1.73% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 4.17% from other races, and 2.30% from two or more races. 11.10% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 8,39
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6 households out of which 36.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.7% were married couples living together, 10.2% have a woman whose husband does not live with her, and 27.6% were non-families. 22.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.19.
In the town, the population was spread out with 26.5% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 31.2% from 25 to 44, 22.7% from 45 to 64, and 12.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.8 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $51,113, and the median income for a family was $58,292. Males had a median income of $34,283 versus $30,044 for females. The per capita income for the town was $22,806. 5.9% of the population and 1.03% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 52.8% are under the age of 18 and 7.5% are 65 or older.
New Windsor has a Dfa Köppen climate classification (Humid Continental: Hot Summer subtype). It is situated in the temperate region of the northern hemisphere and has four distinct seasons.
New Windsor is served by the school systems of the three nearby districts: Cornwall, Newburgh, and Washingtonville. The majority of school-age children attend Newburgh schools, with a split in the subdivisions near Vails Gate (Butterhill, Forest Glen, The Reserve) between Newburgh and Cornwall. Far-southwestern New Windsor is served by Washingtonville.
Children in the New Windsor area attend a number of schools, including: Butterhill Day School (PK–K), Children S Country School (private, PK–4), Cornwall Central High School (public, 9–12), Newburgh Free Academy (public, 9-12), Heritage Junior High School (public, 6–8), Little Britain Elementary School (public, K–5), Little Harvard School (private, PK–K), McQuade Children's Services Kaplan Campus School (private, 2–11), New Windsor School (public, K–5), St. Joseph School (private, K–8), Temple Hill School (public, K–8), Vails Gate High Technology Magnet School (public, K–5), Windsor Academy (private, PK–3), Willow Avenue Elementary School (public, K–4), Lee Road (public, K–4), Cornwall Central Middle School (public, 5–8) and Woodland Montessori School (private, PK–8). Yeshiva Ohr Naftoli (private, 9–12 and undergraduate) is located in town, but the student body is from out of town, housed in a dormitory.
Little Britain Road is one of the oldest in the Town.
Stewart International Airport is located partially in New Windsor and partially in the Town of Newburgh. Formerly Stewart Air Force Base, the airport is named after Capt. Lachlan Stewart, who skippered schooners and other sailing vessels about 1850–1870. Stewart was also a lumber merchant and later retired to a dairy farm. In 1930, his grandson, Thomas Archibald ("Archie") Stewart, persuaded his uncle, Samuel L. Stewart, to donate land at "Stoney Lonesome", to the city of Newburgh for an airport.
Stewart continued as part of the Strategic Air Command until the late 1960s or early 1970s when the Air Force turned the base over to the MTA for use as a cargo facility. The grand plan to create a jetport lead to the acquisition of over 8000 acres (32 km
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2) of the present day buffer zone and the loss of many early farms and structures. During the late 1980s, through the efforts of the late State Senator Schermerhorn, the airport passed into the hands of the NY State Dept. of Transportation. Today, Stewart International in addition to its civilian capability, is the home base of the NY Air National Guard and United States Marine Corps Reserve MAG-49 Detachment Bravo.
There is a new entrance to Stewart International Airport, via New York State Route 747. Now for the first time, the airport can be accessed directly from the Interstates without encountering local traffic on the state roads.
Col. Charles Clinton (1690–1773) – Lt. Col. of NY Militia during the French & Indian War, commanding a regiment at the assault on Fort Frontenac.
Governor George Clinton (1739–1812) – son of Col. Charles Clinton, George Clinton served in the Continental Congress (1775), was a Brigadier General in the Continental Army (1776), was Governor of New York (1777), and Vice-President of United States under Presidents Jefferson and Madison.
Governor DeWitt Clinton (1769–1828) – son of Gen. James Clinton, NY Assembly 1798, mayor of New York City 1803, 1808–1809, 1811–1815; NYS Senate 1799–1802,1806–1811, Canal Commissioner 1816–1822, Governor 1817, 1820, 1824, 1826, Dewitt is best known for the Erie Canal and the NY State Canal System.
Fletcher Mathews, Loyalist neighbor of Governor Clinton and brother of David Mathews, Mayor of New York City during its occupation by the British. Fletcher Mathews, was ordered arrested by George Washington around the same time in June 1776 for suspicion of a "Scheme of Inlisting Men for the Kings Service". No evidence was found, and he was subsequently released. He was permitted to stay in the country upon the end of the war due both to his relationship from childhood to Governor George Clinton and to his wife Sarah Woodhull being the sister of General Nathaniel Woodhull who died in 1776 from wounds resulting from his capture by the British.
ENAP is a lumber and building materials cooperative, offering sales support services to independent lumber dealers, is headquartered in New Windsor.
^ "Schlesingers Steak House – History". Retrieved 27 April 2016.
^ "History". Retrieved 27 April 2016.
^ "Newburgh town, Orange County, New York Archived 2011-02-27 at the Wayback Machine." U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on February 2, 2011.
^ "New Windsor town, Orange County, New York Archived 2011-02-27 at the Wayback Machine." U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on February 2, 2011.
^ "History – About the Airport – Stewart International Airport – Port Authority of New York & New Jersey". Retrieved 27 April 2016.
^ a b c "Town of New Windsor, New York > About > Town Historian > Famous Sons". Retrieved 27 April 2016.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to New Windsor, New York.
Montgomery is a town in Orange County, New York, United States. The population was 22,606 at the 2010 census and it was named in honor of Richard Montgomery, an American Revolutionary War general killed in 1775 at the Battle of Quebec. The Town of Montgomery is in the part of the county at the county line shared by Ulster County. Montgomery is immediately west of the Town of Newburgh and it contains three villages, one called Montgomery, as well as Walden and most of Maybrook. The early town began as a patent to Henry Wileman in 1710 and he was the first of a group of Palatine Germans to emigrate and settle land around what is now the village of Montgomery.
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C4
| -0.505978 | -0.568435 | 1.188128 | -0.582096 |
The town was established as Hanover in 1772, but became the Town of Montgomery in 1782. The community of Montgomery set itself off by incorporating as a village in 1810, and in 1855, Maybrook was the last village to incorporate, in 1926. Montgomery is bordered on the east by the Town of Newburgh, the towns of Wallkill and New Windsor, from west to east, border on the south.
The village of Walden is located in the central portion of town. Montgomery is close to the center, and Maybrook is in the southeast corner, there are no significant year-round settlements outside of the villages, there is a summer colony around Lake Osiris in the northern section of town. Some inhabitants of Lake Osiris have made it their permanent residence, the towns topography is generally level and low, except along parts of its eastern and western boundaries, reflecting the passage of the Wallkill River through it from north to west. There are large swamps in the portion of town, some of them draining into the Otter Kill. Further north, the land becomes drier and more arable and it is mostly farmed, used for small residential subdivisions or left as undeveloped open space. Two areas along the river have been set aside as parks, the countys Winding Hills Park is partially within Montgomery, as are portions of two larger state-level protected areas, Highland Lakes State Park and Stewart State Forest.
The New Windsor Cantonment State Historic Site, known as New Windsor Cantonment, is located along NY300, north one mile of Vails Gate, in the Town of New Windsor, Orange County, New York. The site features a reconstruction of the Continental Armys final military encampment, between June 1782 and October 17837,000 troops were boarded here in 600 log huts, over 1,600 acres. Thus it was necessary to keep the army here, within striking distance of New York and next to the vital Hudson River, on April 19,1783, Washington issued a cease fire order, officially ending the war for the Army. The Temple, where he made his famous speech revealing his vision problems for the first time, is among the reconstructed buildings, the Purple Heart was first awarded here, and the National Purple Heart Hall of Honor was opened November 10,2006 in recognition of that history. After the war, the huts were sold. Some of the walls on the site may be made from stones that came from the fireplaces of the original buildings.
New York State Route 207 is a state highway located entirely within Orange County, New York, in the United States. It serves as a connector between the village of Goshen and the city of Newburgh and it has for a long time provided the main access to Stewart International Airport. The highway follows the path of the old Goshen–Newburgh Turnpike and is a road through its entire length. It is shared with New York State Bicycle Route 17, NY207 begins at exit 124 of the Quickway and a junction with NY 17M in the village of Goshen. Also present at the intersection is NY 17A, which terminates at the same junction, entering downtown Goshen, NY207 gains the Greenwich Avenue moniker, until reaching the junction with Church Street, where it turns onto Main Street. Once straightening to the north, the route crosses past the Harness Racing Museum & Hall of Fame, near the junction with Victoria Terrace, NY207 leaves the village of Goshen, dropping the Main Street moniker as it winds north through the town of Goshen.
A two-lane countryside roadway, NY207 reaches the hamlet of Kipps, bending northwest at a junction with Kipp Road, winding past the hamlet of Lagrange, the route starts passing multiple farms, passing the terminus of County Route 53. A short distance later, NY207 reaches a junction with CR77, a short distance after, the route crosses under the Port Jervis Line and into a junction with the southern terminus of NY416. At NY416, NY207 turns eastward through Hamptonburgh, entering the hamlet of Campbell Hall, crossing over the former Erie Railroad Montgomery Branch, continuing east through Campbell Hall, the route cross
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C4
| -0.120156 | -0.672907 | 1.066189 | -0.387305 |
es the Otter Kill and turns northeast through Hamptonburgh as a two-lane road. After making another bend to the southeast, NY207 crosses south of the Otterkill Golf & Country Club, a short distance east of the CR33 junction, NY207 reaches a junction with NY208, forming a short concurrency through Hamptonburgh. After crossing a bridge over Smith Pond, NY207 and NY208 split, passing the hamlet of Burnside, NY207 turns east and leaves the town of Hamptonburgh for the town of New Windsor.
Monzievaird /ˈmɒniːˌvɛərd/ is a place in Scotland, situated two miles west of Crieff in Highland District of Perth and Kinross. The village of Monzie, is a couple of miles to the east-northeast, the place was originally named Muithauard c.1200, Moneward 1203. Two different etymologies are given for the name, in the first it is asserted that the name is derived from the Gaelic magh + bard, Plain of the bards. Under this view, the name of the village of Monzie is unrelated except to render the pronunciation of the first syllable Monz as Mon in linguistic sympathy. In the second etymology, Monzievaird comes from magh plain plus edha the genitive case of edh corn plus the Saxon vaird or ward meaning enclosure, under this view the village name of Monzie has the same origin as does the name of the nearby castle, Monzie Castle. Regardless of origin it gave its name to the nearby Loch Monzievaird, Monzievaird was within the Stewardship of Strathearn and it had its own parish church. It was under the control of the Murrays of Tullibardine from the 13th century, following the Act of Union, it was placed in the county of Perthshire.
In 1890 it was placed within the parish of Monzievaird. In 1930 the civil system was replaced and Monzievaird was put in the Highland District of Perthshire. From 1975 to 1996 it was part of the Perthshire Kinross District in the Tayside region, in 1996 it came under the new county of Perth and Kinross. Ochtertyre House, the Murray family seat in Perthshire between 1784 and 1790 is located here, overlooking the Loch from an elevated position and its grounds are a designed landscape. The house is a Georgian Category A listed building and it is now a private house, but in its time it has operated as a school, a theatre, and a restaurant. The mausoleum of the Murrays, built in 1809, now stands where the church used to be. The site of the battle is on the side of the loch. King Kenneths Cairn was built in memory of the son of King Duff, who was killed in the battle of Monzievaird that year and buried on Iona. It stands in a prominent position on the edge of the escarpment of Corrie Barvick. ]]On 21 October 1490, Drummonds and Campbells set fire to the old church of Monzievaird.
Richard Coote, 1st Earl of Bellomont, known as The Lord Coote between 1683–89, was a member of the English Parliament and a colonial governor. Born in Ireland, he was a supporter of William and Mary. In 1695 he was given commissions as governor of the provinces of New York, Massachusetts Bay, and New Hampshire and he did not arrive in the New World until 1698, and spent most of his tenure as governor in New York. He spent a little over a year in Massachusetts, and only two weeks in New Hampshire, frontier issues were in the forefront during his time in Massachusetts and New Hampshire, where lumber and security from the Abenaki threat dominated his tenure. He was a financial sponsor of William Kidd, whose privateering was deemed to have descended into piracy. Bellomont engineered the arrest of Kidd in Boston, and had him returned to England, where he was tried, Richard Coote was born in Ireland in 1636. He was the son, but the first to survive infancy, of Richard Coote, third son of Sir Charles Coote,
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C4
| -0.112005 | -0.265078 | 0.861761 | -0.808509 |
Who needs Paris or Rome when you can move to Austin?
STEVE BROWN The Dallas Morning News
Nov 18, 2021 Updated Dec 24, 2021
Texas players celebrate their win over Baylor in a NCAA college football game in 2016, in Austin, Texas. Texas won 35-34.
Eric Gay, Associated Press
It's no secret that Austin is the hottest Texas market, with thousands of new jobs and residents.
But a new international study by U.K.-based Money goes even further, naming Austin the best place on the planet to relocate.
The London consumer finance firm ranked the world's major metro areas for everything from cost of living to housing prices and broadband speeds.
Austin placed first ahead of Tokyo on the list of "the world's best places to relocate," ranking ahead of more romantic locations including Paris, Rome and Vienna.
Austin was the only Texas market to make the list of 84 international metro areas. It received high marks for everything from climate to home costs to average monthly salaries.
The Texas city is a U.S. boomtown, attracting everyone from Apple to Telsa's Elon Musk.
Other U.S. markets in the top 10 include Charleston, S.C., Los Angeles and Miami.
It's a surprise that Los Angeles and San Francisco — two areas that are sending thousands of transplants to Texas — also got high scores in the report.
"If you are thinking about relocating outside the U.S.A., the second-highest scoring city is Tokyo in Japan," the report finds. "Tokyo scores well for its number of restaurants and green spaces. On top of this, it has the best average life expectancy, with residents living to 84."
Other nuggets from the study: Switzerland is the most expensive place to relocate, Dubai has the best weather and Istanbul has the lowest cost of liv
42:02+2
First-year Husker A.D. Trev Alberts says "an underlying, consistent communication about competitive excellence hasn't been enough of our narrative as a department." Feels like the new boss is turning up the heat.
Steven M. Sipple: Alberts just may help put Huskers on right path by invoking critical question
"How do we create the most physical football team in the Midwest?" Husker AD Trev Alberts asks. "Just start there." Sounds like a plan. A realistic one.
AD Alberts happy with Frost's staff hires, says, 'We're going to get a really good running backs coach'
The AD is pleased with the four hires to the football coaching staff and is confident the final one will be the right fit for the Huskers.
Lincoln mask mandate coming back as COVID-19 cases soar past 3,600 this week
In reinstating the mask mandate, officials said that people should limit their time in the community to only essential activities such as going to work or school, shopping for food or medicine, or going to the doctor.
Regional Government
Eastern Nebraska's own Lake Okoboji, Colorado water fight included in $700 million funding plan
Gov. Pete Ricketts announced that the state is notifying Colorado that Nebraska plans to proceed with a $500 million plan of developing a canal and reservoir system to capture water from the South Platte River.
Busy recruiting weekend on tap for Huskers: See who's set to visit NU and who's not
Check out Nebraska's official visitor list as the holiday recruiting dead period comes to an end.
'His bones were clearly visible' — Lincoln parents charged with felony child abuse
How Nebraska legend Jordan Larson landed a job with the Texas Longhorns
Jordan Larson will wrap up her playing career then jump right into a full-time gig with the Longhorns. Here's how it all came together.
In staying on top of the "free agency" that is the current college football transfer portal, Nebraska and other schools have to do their homework early to lure players.
LPS calls off school for next three Fridays amid staffing crisis
Classes will be out Jan. 21, Jan. 28 and Feb. 4 so teachers can work on lesson plans and help catch up quarantined students who
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] | 1,024 |
CommonCrawl
| -0.18129 | -1.23355 | -0.03754 | -0.451497 |
We do not keep this information. PRIVACY POLICY
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Kid Reporters
KID REPORTERS' NOTEBOOK
Benjamin Duckworth November 17th, 2014
There's nothing simple about producing a TV news program. I found that out when I visited the set of "Live in the D," a local news and talk show in Detroit, Michigan. The real story is behind the scenes, where strategy, coaching, and high-pressure decisions can make or break a newscast.
On a recent Thursday, viewers turned on their televisions to see anchors Guy Gordon and Karen Drew sitting in a nice room, talking casually about a news story. But viewers didn't see producer Jay Coleman about 20 feet away as he got a message that something was wrong. Coleman grumbled and looked at the script on his computer screen, highlighted part of it, and said, "Lets just delete it." To the viewer, it was as if that part of the script was never there.
"QUIET, PLEASE!"
Throughout the broadcast, Gordon relied on his producer to tell him where to sit or stand. During a commercial break, there was a debate about whether Gordon should be in a scene trying on hats, with Gordon stepping in and out of camera view. A few seconds of panic and indecisiveness followed, and finally the producer told Gordon to jump onto the set only seconds before going live.
Gordon gets messages from his producer through a tiny earphone. With the push of a button, the producer decides who Gordon wants to talk to. Sometimes, a reporter might be distracted by a conversation in the control room. Unable to concentrate, the reporter will rip out the device, even on live TV.
In the control room, there are nine TV
|
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CommonCrawl
| -1.155356 | -2.047261 | -1.443427 | -0.803449 |
How to turn digital signage into an interactive marketing medium
We spoke at the Digital Signage Summit Europe in Munich about digital signage as a true marketing medium. We had a packed room and a lot of good reactions and that proves interactivity is a hot item right now.
We'll explain in a minute why interactivity is so important us. But first a small quiz. Did you ever wonder how many digital
signage displays are interactive? So did we. So we decided to count all the screen types that we were able to interact with on our way from Brussels to Munich airport. We counted all the displays we were able to touch, react to, get content from, send content to using our smartphone or even gestures. 4 out of 44 screens proved to be interactive. That's less than 10%. Surprised? We weren't.
The millennial generation is way past mass media consumption, and to be frank the previous generations aren't that far behind in letting go of one-size-fits-all media.
The millennials, and to be frank even the generations after them to some extent, also know they can get it cheaper — just about whatever *it* is — online, so they want an experience when they go brick-and-mortar shopping.
If brands can't or don't accept those two facts and work to engage customers on an individual level and to provide them with a unique experience, they're going to be left behind. It's pretty much that simple.
So it's a good thing that providing those two also can be pretty simple with digital signage.
But creating an interactive customer experience doesn't just benefit brands, retailers, restaurants, etc. by appealing to shoppers, it also provides analytics that can be critical to optimizing the reach and impact of their message.
"If it is interactive, it will engage more, and it will increase the impact of your message, and you will also be able to measure it," said Frederik De Wachter, co-founder of DOOHapps, which bills itself as the first interactive application store for the digital out-of-home industry. "If you're not doing this, you're missing a big part of the value of these displays."
Today's consumers, especially the younger ones, no longer are content to passively consume whatever content is handed them, De Wachter said in a recent interview. Rather, they are creating and sharing content, starting conversations and expecting to be listened to.
"We have to realize as businesses that people, all of them, are walking around with a smartphone in their pocket," he said, "and to them its its become the most important screen in the world, so the step to use that ingredient to allow interactions with the display is just a very small step."
Which is just part of why it's so important to make customer experiences interactive.
Echoing De Wachter, there are four benefits for deployers when providing shoppers with interactive experiences, according to Dan Trotzer, vice president of business operations, Pump Media, for Verifone Media:
– In a data-driven world, an interactive experience provides tangible means of measuring efficacy. If people are interacting, your objective is measurable and working. If they aren't interacting, you have the ability to quickly deploy a different experience;
– An interactive experience creates voluntary action – it makes the experience more relevant to a customer's own interests, while simultaneously building loyalty since you're delivering what the customer wants;
– It moves customers through a self-selected sales funnel; and
– It enables two-way communication between deployer and customer; it moves customers from awareness and passiveness, to engagement and dialogue.
And the most important key to making an experience interactive? Making it easy to use, De Wachter says.
"The interaction must be designed in such a way that it does not need to be explained, and the number of technological barriers must be really, really limited," he said.
For instance, De Wachter says he's seen some unwieldy deployments out in the field using a Microsoft Kinect as, essentially, a kind of gesture-based computer mouse to navigate through the experience. Much more effective, he said, is having a Kinect-equipped display react to the fact that someone is passing by or standing in front of it and change content based on that. Then perhaps take an opportunity to engage with them on their mobile device through social media apps such as Twitter or Instagram.
"So
|
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] | 1,024 |
CommonCrawl
| 0.875647 | -0.036992 | 0.411662 | 1.144461 |
Farm Bill Issues; and, the Ag Economy
Categories: Agricultural Economy /Audio /Budget /Farm Bill
Farm Bill: Process, Budget –Lame Duck Issues
An update posted on Saturday at The Grand Forks Herald Online reported that, "U.S. Rep. Rick Berg, R-N.D., told a business roundtable meeting in Grand Forks Friday that he expects the farm bill to come to a vote in the current Congress.
"Speaker of the House John Boehner, R-Ohio, 'made a commitment to bring the farm bill up before the end of the year,' Berg said. 'I take him at his word.'
"The bill has a good chance of passing after the November election when political pressures holding up the bill are gone, he said."
Posted by Keith Good • October, 8, 2012 • 3:38 am
AgriTalk Radio- Farm Bill Issues, Mary Kay Thatcher, Rep. Huelskamp
Categories: Audio /Farm Bill /Nutrition
Mary Kay Thatcher, the Senior Director of Congressional Relations at the American Farm Bureau Federation, was a guest on today's AgriTalk radio program with Mike Adams, where the conversation focused on the Farm Bill.
In particular, Ms. Thatcher addressed potential legislative action in the lame-duck session of Congress.
An audio replay of a portion of that discussion is available here:
Rep. Tim Huelskamp (pictured left), a member of the Ag Committee, was also on AgriTalk today.
The Kansas Republican spoke about the Farm Bill, as well as legislation he has introduced with Rep. Steve King (R, Iowa), that according to The Hill, "would repeal a U.S. Department of Agriculture rule that puts a cap on the number of calories in school lunches served to children."
To listen to some of Rep. Huelskamp's remarks on the Farm Bill, including comments on potential action in a lame-duck session, Farm Bill extension, and food stamp (SNAP program) spending, just click on the listen bar below:
While some of Rep. Huelskamp's remarks and his proposed nutrition related legislation can be heard here:
Posted by Keith Good • September, 18, 2012 • 11:43 am
Farm Bill; and the Agricultural Economy
Categories: Agricultural Economy /Audio /Farm Bill
Jennifer Steinhauer reported in today's New York Times that, "Congressional agreement on a stalled farm bill seemed increasingly out of reach on Wednesday, as a few hundred farmers gathered near the Capitol to press for its passage. They were greeted by an unusually bipartisan group of lawmakers pushing for action in the House, where Republican leaders have declined to pursue legislation.
"'Americans want us to work together to get it done for rural America,' said Senator Debbie Stabenow, Democrat of Michigan and chairwoman of the Senate Agriculture Committee, to the farmers' cheers. [Note that a video replay of Chairwoman Stabenow's remarks can be viewed here].
"Senator Jerry Moran, Republican of Kansas, also spoke, chiding members of his own party in the House for refusing to bring their own committee's farm bill to the floor. 'Don't sit on the sidelines waiting for something to happen,' he said."
Posted by Keith Good • September, 13, 2012 • 3:58 am
Farm Bill; Ag Economy; and, CFTC Issue
Categories: Agricultural Economy /Audio /Farm Bill /Trade
House Agriculture Committee Chairman Frank Lucas (R., Okla.) spoke yesterday at the Southwest Agricultural Issues Summit in Austin, Texas; a full replay of his remarks can be heard here.
Going back to the joint effort from the House and Senate Agriculture Committees during the supercommittee process, Chairman Lucas discussed the development of the current Farm Bill including: Differences in the functionality of the Senate and House, some technical aspects of the SNAP (food stamps) enrollment process that differ among states, and the philosophical perspective of designing long-term U.S. farm policy for the potential bad times, as opposed to the good years. He also acknowledged that the Farm Bill is currently competing for time with other legislative priorities including budget issues, sequestr
|
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CommonCrawl
| -0.655417 | -0.442226 | -0.035747 | 0.208452 |
ation, and taxes.
Near the conclusion of his remarks, Chairman Lucas outlined the possible options to pass a Farm Bill; this portion of his remarks can be heard here (MP3- 4:00).
An update at AllAgNews.com noted that, "He [Chairman Lucas] explained why Direct Payments are being eliminated and what the options are for a farm bill this year. 'I do know this. The best way to get President Obama to sign a farm bill is to get it on his desk before the election' he said. 'I don't know when there will be a farm bill – I'm just not sure when and how yet. And I will tell you as Chairman it will be a farm bill that we can all participate in.'"
Farm Bill; Biofuels; Ag Economy; Trade; Budget; and, MF Global
Categories: Agricultural Economy /Audio /Budget /Climate Change /Ethanol /Farm Bill /Rural America /Trade
Farm Bill- Policy Issues, Crop Insurance
David Shepardson reported yesterday at The Detroit News Online that, "Sen. Debbie Stabenow says she is optimistic Congress will pass disaster assistance for farmers facing a record drought if the House doesn't approve a farm bill.
"The Lansing Democrat and chair of the Senate Agriculture Committee said she's been working during the congressional recess to try to get the House to act on farm reform legislation."
Posted by Keith Good • September, 6, 2012 • 3:31 am
Farm Bill; Ag Economy; and, Trade
Chris Clayton reported yesterday at the DTN Ag Policy Blog that, "As much as Sen. Charles Grassley would like a new farm bill, the member of the Senate Agriculture Committee acknowledged Tuesday that it's far more likely a new bill isn't forthcoming.
"'I would imagine at this late stage and with farm legislation sunsetting Sept. 30 that is it most likely we will have a one-year extension of the farm bill,' Grassley, an Iowa Republican, told reporters in a weekly call.
"Simply put, not much is going to get done in Congress before the election, other than likely extending current policies and delaying final passage of major bills such as the farm bill. Grassley predicted a one-year extension because House members will likely meet only eight days in September while senators are scheduled for 12 days."
Corn Prices Rise- Implications for Livestock Producers
Categories: Agricultural Economy /Audio
Financial Times writers Gregory Meyer and Javier Blas reported yesterday that, "Grain prices lurched higher as a widely publicised tour of drought-stressed US fields estimated corn and soyabean yields well below official forecasts…On Tuesday, September corn rose 1.4 per cent to $8.26½ per bushel on the Chicago Board of Trade, less than 20 cents below the contract's all-time high."
The FT writers added that, "Separately, Christopher Mahoney, head of agriculture at Glencore, said US corn production would probably be lower than the USDA's current estimate of 273.8m tonnes (10.8bn bushels). Final output could drop to as low as 260m tonnes (10.23bn bushels), he warned.
"'We have not seen [a drought-related problem] like this in the past,' he told investors in a conference call, comparing the situation to 'the Dust Bowl years of the mid-30s'.
"Mr Mahoney suggested corn consumers will need to ration more than currently envisaged by the USDA, particularly in the feed and export sectors."
Meanwhile, Ian Berry and Own Fletcher reported in today's Wall Street Journal that, "On Tuesday, corn reached a record closing high, and soybeans are only a few cents shy of all-time highs."
Speaking recently to Brownfield Ag News, Purdue University Agricultural Economist Chris Hurt described some of the impacts higher corn prices will have on the livestock sector:
The U.S. Department of Agriculture is set to update its production estimates again on September 12.
Posted by Keith Good • August, 22, 2012 • 9:38 am
Farm Bill; Ag Economy; RFS; N
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CommonCrawl
| -0.393815 | -0.000654 | 0.476667 | 0.264107 |
utrition, and Food Safety
Categories: Agricultural Economy /Audio /Ethanol /Farm Bill /Food Safety
House Agriculture Committee Ranking Member Collin Peterson (D., Minn.) was a guest on yesterday's AgriTalk radio program with Mike Adams where the discussion focused on the Farm Bill (unofficial transcript here, audio replay here).
Mike Adams asked Rep. Peterson, "What do you think is going to happen when you get back in session in September? Are you going to get a bill done?"
The Minnesota Democrat noted that, "We're trying. We're trying. We're using August here to see if we can narrow the differences and get language written and get language scored and so forth so that when we get back, if there's motivation to move this thing, we're in a position to do it. But it's kind of going slow at this point, but we're trying, we're pushing."
Rep. Peterson added that, "I think what people are hoping for is that people will get an earful when they're home for August and come back on September 10th with a number of members putting pressure on their leadership to try to get this thing moved."
Iowa Congressmen Highlight Farm Bill "Discharge Petition"
Categories: Audio /Farm Bill
Jason Clayworth reported yesterday at The Des Moines Register Online that, "Partisan cooperation and the dire need for congressional action on a federal farm bill were two of the key points U.S. Rep. Bruce Braley emphasized during his stop Monday at The Des Moines Register's soapbox at the State Fair."
The Register article noted that, "The [farm] bill passed the Senate in June but has stalled in the Republican-controlled House because of intraparty divisions over spending.
"Braley, a Democrat from Waterloo, is seeking re-election in November and is being challenged by Republican Ben Lange of Independence. Braley promised to work with members of his own party as well as Republicans to pursue a legislative measure that would force the farm bill to the House floor for a vote."
Rep. Braley's complete presentation is available in the video below, and here is a clip of what he said about the Farm Bill process:
Rep. Braley indicated that, "Well, I've decided that I want to work with my colleagues on both sides of the aisle, to bring that [farm] bill to the floor, and if the leadership in the House isn't willing to do it, then we're going to try to make them do it by doing something called a discharge petition.
"And I've got Republican and Democratic colleagues who are working with me, as soon as that bill gets reported to the full House- so that we can start collecting signatures and get people to put pressure on the leadership to bring that bill to the floor."
Recall that a news release from Rep. Braley's office earlier this month stated that, "Because House rules require a waiting period between the time a bill is referred to a committee and when members can sign a discharge petition on it, Braley's Farm Bill petition won't be officially opened for signatures until after members depart for an August recess."
Meanwhile, in a tweet yesterday, House Ag Committee Member Steve King (R., Iowa) (pictured at right) stated that, "Bruce Brayley has no discharge petition to move a House Ag Committee farm bill, not one single signature, including his own. Political games."
President Obama in Iowa, Calls for Congress to Pass Farm Bill
During the first part of a three day bus tour through Iowa, President Obama today called on Congress to pass the Farm Bill. In addition, President Obama spoke about GOP vice presidential candidate Rep. Paul Ryan's perspective on the Farm Bill process.
President Obama also briefly discussed executive branch action to help assist farmers and ranchers currently enduring the 2012 drought.
A portion of the President's remarks from this morning can be heard here:
Posted by Keith Good • August, 13, 2012 • 12:02 pm
Morning Update: Farm Bill -Campaign Theme in Iowa
Roll Call writer Daniel Newhauser was a guest on this morning's "Washington Journal" program on C-SPAN. Mr. Newhauser discussed the drought, the Farm Bill and the presidential campaign while talking phone calls from viewers.
A full replay of today's
|
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CommonCrawl
| -0.602434 | -0.444821 | -0.150961 | 0.140149 |
"Washington Journal" program can be viewed here, while an audio clip where he specifically talks about the prospects of the Farm Bill passing before it expires in September can be heard here:
Meanwhile, Bernie Becker reported today at The Hill's On the Money Blog that, "President Obama is poised to announce Monday that his administration will make up to $170 million in purchases to assist farmers struggling through one of the worst droughts in decades, according to an administration official.
"Obama is expected to announce the purchases of catfish, chicken, lamb and pork during a campaign trip through Iowa, a swing state that is also an agricultural center."
And Politico writer Jennifer Epstein reported today that, "President Obama will use his first speech of his three-day bus tour to hit Paul Ryan as a leader of Republican opposition to the farm bill…"'But right now, too many members of Congress are blocking that bill from becoming law. Now, I'm told Governor Romney's new running mate might be around Iowa these next few days. And he's one of those leaders of Congress standing in the way. So if you happen to see Congressman Ryan, tell him how important this farm bill is to Iowa and our rural communities. It's time to put politics aside and pass it right away.'"
During his presentation today on C-SPAN, Daniel Newhauser spoke about Rep. Ryan's views and ideas relating to the Farm Bill:
Posted by Keith Good • August, 13, 2012 • 10:26 am
Crop Production Estimates Lowered, as Farm Bill and Ethanol Issues Garner Attention
Crop Production Estimates
A news release Friday from USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) stated that, "Affected by one of the worst droughts on record [related Des Moines Register graphic], U.S. corn growers are forecast to harvest 87.4 million acres in 2012, down 2 percent from June estimates, according to the Crop Production report released today by [NASS]…[D]espite planting the largest number of acres to corn in the past 75 years, growers are forecast to produce 10.8 billion bushels in 2012, down 13 percent from 2011 [related graph]. Based on conditions as of August 1, corn yields are expected to average 123.4 bushels per acre, down 23.8 bushels from last year."
The NASS update added that, "This year's soybean production is forecast at 2.69 billion bushels, down 12 percent from 2011 [related graph]. Soybean yield is expected to average 36.1 bushels per acre, down 5.4 bushels from the 2011 crop.
"In contrast to corn and soybeans, all wheat production remains largely unaffected by the drought and is forecast at 2.27 billion bushels, up 13 percent from 2011."
Drought Assistance- Farm Bill Issues; Ag Economy; and, Nutrition Issues
Drought Assistance- Farm Bill Issues
A news release yesterday from the U.S. Department of Agriculture stated that, "As part of continuing steps by the Obama Administration to assist livestock producers in response to the historic drought, Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack today highlighted that USDA will utilize nearly $16 million in financial and technical assistance to immediately help crop and livestock producers in 19 states cope with the adverse impacts of the historic drought. In addition, USDA will initiate a transfer of $14 million in unobligated program funds into the Emergency Conservation Program. These funds can be used to assist in moving water to livestock in need, providing emergency forage for livestock, and rehabilitating lands severely impacted by the drought. Together these efforts should provide nearly $30 million to producers struggling with drought conditions."
Yesterday's release added that, "Also today, Vilsack signed disaster designations for an additional 44 counties in 12 states as primary natural disaster areas due to damage and losses caused by drought and excessive heat. Counties designated today are in the states of Arkansas, Iowa, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Minnesota, Mississippi, Nebraska, New Mexico, Ohio
|
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CommonCrawl
| -0.457411 | -0.081117 | 1.137918 | 0.319761 |
, Oklahoma and South Dakota. During the 2012 crop year, USDA has designated 1,628 unduplicated counties across 33 states as disaster areas—1,496 due to drought—making all qualified farm operators in the areas eligible for low-interest emergency loans."
Posted by Keith Good • August, 9, 2012 • 3:27 am
2012 Drought Garners High-Level Attention
On Wednesday's AgriTalk Radio program with Mike Adams, U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack (pictured at right) explained recent administration policy updates that have been implemented to assist producers and rural communities that are currently impacted by the 2012 drought.
Also on Wednesday, during a campaign stop in Des Moines, Iowa, presumptive GOP presidential nominee Mitt Romney mentioned the drought at the opening of his remarks.
Posted by Keith Good • August, 8, 2012 • 5:36 pm
House – Senate Differ on Disaster Aid- as U.S. Drought Worsens
Jennifer Steinhauer reported in today's New York Times that, "An effort to provide emergency aid for American ranchers and farmers reeling from a year of drought, frost and other calamities collapsed on Thursday as members of Congress departed for their five-week August recess, leaving behind a pile of unfinished legislation as they go home to campaign for re-election.
"After refusing to consider a sweeping five-year farm measure, House Republican leaders jammed through a short-term $383 million package of loans and grants for livestock producers and a limited number of farmers. The measure passed 223 to 197, a narrow margin for a bill that has an impact on so many states. But Democrats balked in protest over the way the farm legislation has been handled and some Republicans objected to the costs.
"Democratic leaders in the Senate, which had already passed a bipartisan five-year bill, refused to take up the House measure, faulting House Republican leaders for failing to consider the broader legislation in time."
The Times noted that, "'I'm not passing a bill that only covers some producers,' said Senator Debbie Stabenow, Democrat of Michigan, the chairwoman of the Senate Agriculture Committee.
"Moments after the House passed its bill, Ms. Stabenow took to the Senate floor to say that lawmakers would instead work informally over the August recess to try to put together a new measure to present to Congress when it meets in September. The White House would have considered the House measure, but she resisted, Senate aides said." [Note: Sen. Stabenow's full remarks from yesterday on the floor can be heard here (MP3- 18:02) , while a key portion of her remarks can be heard here (MP3- 2:48)].
"Ms. Stabenow, who worked for months to arm-twist resistant Senate colleagues on both side of the aisle to usher her bill through her chamber, said she would begin meeting with House agriculture leaders on Thursday night. 'I am extremely hopeful that we can get together around what really needs to be done, which is a five-year farm bill,' she said."
Farm Bill; Crop Insurance; Ag Economy; RFS; Budget Issues; and, CFTC
Farm Bill Developments
Meredith Shiner reported today at Roll Call Online that, "Facing no clear consensus on a long-term farm bill, or even a one-year extension, House Republicans today pushed a stand-alone drought assistance measure, fearing Members otherwise would leave for August recess without any action to take home to struggling farmers and ranchers.
"Leadership had been scrambling to approve an unpopular one-year reauthorization of farm programs that Senate Democrats already said would be dead on arrival. And with an astounding 80 percent of the contiguous United States currently under drought conditions — according to the National Drought Mitigation Center — top GOP sources expressed serious concern about the optics of doing nothing to aid farmers at the height of summer.
"In a private, closed-door meeting in Speaker John Boehner's office late this afternoon, leaders decided they could gin up enough votes to
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CommonCrawl
| -0.418353 | -0.213491 | 0.094262 | -0.036934 |
Principles for Digital Development by The Digital Impact Alliance (DIAL)
P2P People Opinions
By citiesabc resources - Apr 07, 2020
The Principles for Digital Development are nine living guidelines that are designed to help integrate best practices into our new 4IR Foruth Industrial Revolution driven technology-enabled world and related programs and are intended to be updated and refined over time to enable society and organisations.
These Nine Principles for Digital Development are:
Principles for Digital Development
Design With the User
Understand the Existing Ecosystem
Design for Scale
Build for Sustainability
Be Data Driven
Use Open Standards, Open Data, Open Source, and Open Innovation
Reuse and Improve
Address Privacy & Security
Be Collaborative
The Nine Principles for Digital Development include guidance for every phase of the project life cycle. These are part of an ongoing effort among development practitioners to share knowledge and support continuous learning.
The Digital Principles were created in a community-driven effort, the result of many lessons learned through the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in development projects.
In an article by Dinis Guarda in intelligenthq.com Digital Transformation: How to Be a Business in a Time of 4IR AI Blockchain Fintech "According to a World Bank Study there are over 400 to 500 million SMEs & startups in the world and this number continues to grow. But as John Chambers, from Cisco System pointed out, "at least 40% of all businesses will die in the next 10 years if they don't figure out how to change their entire company to accommodate new technologies." Growth in our era of disruptive technologies is being willing to 'change, learn and relearn' even if what these businesses knew previously brought them success. The Fourth Industrial Revolution, thus, is not about new Tech Apps or new technologies, it is about change relearn and keep transforming."
As the use of technology – from mobile phones and tablets to computers and UAVs – increases globally, so does their use in international development. More and more, technology is being integrated into service delivery across sectors such as education, health, agriculture, finance, and humanitarian assistance, amongst others.While these technologies have the potential to increase efficiency, cost effectiveness and impact across these sectors, there are still major barriers to ensure that their impact is fully realized. The Principles for Digital Development are a tool to help realize that full potential of ICTs. They offer nine specific best practices, each with a set of guiding questions, resources, and project lifecycle applications that will help you implement the Principles on your project.The goal of the Digital Principles is to use the hard-won knowledge of the community to make all of our projects better. As you learn new lessons through your own experiences, we hope that you will share them to help move everyone forward.
All are encouraged to use them. From Principle to Practice:
Implementing the Principles for Digital Development opens a culmination of rich and detailed discussions about these Principles by more than 500 individuals representing over 100 organizations working in international development.
The report and research around these principles captures experiences, insights, and questions and presents a set of recommendations about how organisations can chart a path forward in digital development.
In the late 2000s, donors and implementing organizations began to recognize that digital development programs were fragmented, uncoordinated, siloed, and struggled to scale or sustain themselves in the long term. To address these challenges, global organisations such as Gates Foundation, other donors and implementers began discussing how to understand and share best practices in the use of ICT tools in international development.
These conversations led to multiple principlaes such as the UNICEF Innovation Principles of 2009, the Greentree Principles of 2010, and the UK Design Principles, amongst others.The Nine Principles for Digital Development are an attempt to unify those previous principles and create a community of practice for those who work in digital development. The Digital Principles were first created in consultation with organizations such as The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA), the UN's Children's Fund (UNICEF), UN Development Program (UNDP), the World Bank, and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), and the World Health Organ
|
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Section: Event /Monday 13th October 2014
* June 5, 1963 demonstrations in Iran *
قیام پانزده خرداد ، نهضت پانزده خرداد
(Wikipedia) - June 5, 1963 demonstrations in Iran
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2012)
The demonstrations of June 5 and 6, 1963, in Iran (also called the uprising, or the events of June 1963, and known in Iran by the Iranian calendar as 15 Khordad (Persian: نهضت پانزده خرداد)) were a protest against the arrest of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini after an angry speech by him attacking Iranian Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Israel and the United States. The Shah''s regime was taken by surprise by the massive public demonstrations of support, and although these were crushed within days by the police and military, the events established the importance and power of (Shia) religious opposition to the Shah, and Khomeini as a major political and religious leader. Fifteen years later, Khomeini was to lead the Iranian Revolution which overthrew the Shah and his Pahlavi dynasty and established the Islamic Republic of Iran.
2.1 Khomeini''s sermon and arrest
2.2 Uprising
2.3 Release of Khomeini
3 After the revolution
BackgroundPlay mediaAmerican newsreel about the unrest.
In January 1963, the Shah announced the "White Revolution", a six-point program of reform calling for land reform, nationalization of the forests, the sale of state-owned enterprises to private interests, electoral changes to enfranchise women, profit sharing in industry, and an anti-illiteracy campaign in the nation''s schools. All of these initiatives were regarded as dangerous, Westernizing trends by traditionalists, especially by the powerful and privileged Shiite ulama (religious scholars) who felt highly threatened.
Khomeini summoned a meeting of his colleagues (other ayatollahs) in Qom and persuaded the other senior marjas of Qom to decree a boycott of the referendum on the White Revolution. On January 22, 1963, Khomeini issued a strongly worded declaration denouncing the Shah and his plans. Two days later, the Shah took an armored column to Qom, and he delivered a speech harshly attacking the ulama as a class.
Khomeini continued his denunciation of the Shah''s programs, issuing a manifesto that also bore the signatures of eight other senior religious scholars. In it he listed the various ways in which the Shah allegedly had violated the constitution, condemned the spread of moral corruption in the country, and accused the Shah of submission to the U.S. and Israel. He also decreed that the Norooz celebrations for the Iranian year 1342 (which fell on March 21, 1963) be canceled as a sign of protest against government policies.
Events Khomeini''s sermon and arrest
On the afternoon of June 3, 1963, Ashoura, Khomeini delivered a speech at the Feyziyeh madreseh in which he drew parallels between the Umayyad Caliph Yazid I and the Shah. He denounced the Shah as a "wretched, miserable man", and warned him that if he did not change his ways the day would come when the people would offer up thanks for his departure from the country. In Tehran, a Muharram march of a Khomeini supporters estimated at 100,000 marched past the Shah''s palace, chanting "Death to the Dictator, death to the dictator! God save you, Khomeini! Death to the bloodthirsty enemy!"
Two days later at three o''clock in the morning, security men and commandos descended on Khomeini''s home in Qom and arrested him. They hastily transferred him to the Qasr Prison in Tehran.
As dawn broke on June 5, the news of his arrest spread first through Q
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CommonCrawl
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om and then to other cities. In Qom, Tehran, Shiraz, Mashhad and Varamin, masses of angry demonstrators were confronted by tanks and paratroopers. In Tehran, demonstrators attacked police stations, SAVAK offices and government buildings, including ministries. The surprised government declared martial law and a curfew from 10 p.m. to 5 a.m. The following day, protest groups took the to street in smaller numbers and were confronted by tanks and "soldier in combat gear with shoot-to-kill orders". The Village of Pishva near Varamin became famous during the uprising. Several hundred villagers from Pishva began marching to Tehran, shouting "Khomeini or Death". They were stopped by soldiers at a railroad bridge who opened fire with machine guns when the villager refused to disperse and attacked the soldiers "with whatever they had". Whether "tens or hundreds" were killed is "unclear". It was not until six days later that order was fully restored.
According to journalist Baqer Moin, police files indicate 320 people from a wide variety of backgrounds, including 30 leading clerics, were arrested on June 5. The files also list 380 people as killed or wounded in the uprising, not including those who did not go to hospital "for fear of arrest", or who were taken morgue, or who were buried by security forces.
Release of Khomeini
Hardliners in the regime (Prime Minister Asadollah Alam, SAVAK head Nematollah Nassiri) favored execution of Khomeini, as one responsible for the riots, and (less-violent) strikes and protests continued in bazaars and elsewhere. As Fateme Pakravan – wife of Hassan Pakravan, chief of SAVAK – says in her memoirs that her husband saved Khomeini''s life in 1963. Pakravan felt that his execution would anger the common people of Iran. He presented his argument to the Shah. Once he had convinced the Shah to allow him to find a way out, he called on Ayatollah Mohammad-Kazem Shariatmadari, one of the senior religious leaders of Iran, and asked for his help. Shariatmadari suggested that Khomeini be declared a Marja. So, other Marjas made a religious decree which was taken by Pakravan and Seyyed Jalal Tehrani to the Shah.
After nineteen days in the Qasr Prison, Khomeini was moved first to the Eshratabad military base and then to a house in the Davoodiyeh section of Tehran where he was kept under surveillance. He was released on April 7, 1964, and returned to Qom.
After the revolution
The date of 15 Khordad is widely noted throughout the Islamic Republic of Iran. Among other places, the intersection known as 15 Khordad Crossroads, a 15th of Khordad Metro Station are named after it. In addition, a major foundation – which offered a reward for the killing of Salman Rushdie, following the release of his novel The Satanic Verses (1988) and the ensuing Satanic Verses controversy – is named after it.
Tags:1963 demonstrations in Iran, Alam, Asadollah Alam, Ayatollah, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, Feyziyeh, Hassan Pakravan, Iran, Iranian, Iranian Revolution, Islamic, Islamic Republic, Islamic Republic of Iran, Israel, June 5, 1963 demonstrations in Iran, Khomeini, Khordad, Marja, Mashhad, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Muharram, Norooz, Pahlavi, Persian, Prime Minister, Qom, Revolution, Reza Pahlavi, Ruhollah Khomeini, SAVAK, Salman Rushdie, Satanic Verses, Seyyed, Shah, Shariatmadari, Shia, Shiite, Shiraz, Tehran, Tehrani, Umayyad, United States, Varamin, White Revolution, Wikipedia, Yazid
SAVAK Kills Ayatollah Ghaffari
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CommonCrawl
| -0.15276 | 0.57686 | 1.442766 | -0.42367 |
Jaana Partanen
Everyday Alchemy
Mental Alchemy
Space Alchemy
Public Artworks
Teostiedot ja yhteistyökumppanit
PARTANEN & LAMUSUO LTD
MELANKATU 30
PHONE +358 50 501 0506
OFFICE@PA-LA.FI
Jaana Partanen | Artist
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A question of change, giving something up and finding something new.
Jaana Partanen's extensive photographic trilogy "Everyday Alchemy" was completed in stages in 2000 – 2007. The opening part Tuhkimo (Cinderella) emphasises the dignity of everyday life. The works of the exhibition deal with a child's birth and early years of life, the change of the family community and the father's role in particular. The other part of the exhibition, Ruusunen (Sleeping Beauty), in turn examines aging and the theme of renunciation. In the centre are old women, from among whom Ms. Partanen finds the good fairy godmothers, those who have the ability to share their experience and wisdom as a gift to others. The third and last part of the exhibition, Oikea prinsessa (A Real Princess), delves into the relationship between a pubescent girl and a middle-aged mother. It also deals with change, renunciation and finding something new.
All three parts are products of interaction between the photographer and the people she is portraying. The process was long, slow and laborious. It began with getting to know each other and continuing through conversations to the stage of mutual trust before finally developing the works that are characteristic of each series. These manipulated photographs contain allusions to both the Christian tradition of icon painting and the pictorial world of ancient Egypt. Video works in which there are no human figures are used to guide the themes of the still pictures on a more general level. At the same time as the people as individuals are working on their own story of survival, the large pieces of which the world is composed fit together and fall apart like children's building blocks. The aesthetics of destruction is never very far away.
The texts are based on Riitta Raatikainen's writings. The original texts have been published in the book by Jaana Partanen, Arjen alkemiaa (Maahenki, 2007).
Alongside photographic works and the book, the Arjen alkemiaa (Everyday Alchemy) set includes video works, installations, a document and a theatre performance. The exhibition set has been on show in individual exhibitions, for example, in the Finnish Museum of Photography and in the art museums of Kajaani, Lapinlahti and Varkaus, in Photographic Centre Peri and in VB Photographic Centre. The set has been seen in joint exhibitions in Finland and abroad, for example, in Germany and South Africa. It has also toured international festivals, for example, in Spain and several Latin American countries.
Cinderella Sleeping Beauty A Real Princess
The opening part of this trilogy, Cinderella, is concerned with the birth and early years of a child, the change brought about in the family and in particular the role of the father in all this. It places especial emphasis on the dignity of everyday life, the vital importance of the sometimes dirty and frequently overlooked chores that Cinderella has to carry out in order to get through each day.
"Alchemy is the attempt to produce gold. Everyday Alchemy (Arjen alkemiaa) is my attempt to raise small everyday moments to the value of gold", says Jaana Partanen. Viikko-Savo, 9 January 2002
Artwork from the series Cinderella, part of triptych, 2001, mixed techniques, size: 39 x 139 x 2 cm. Photos: home albums
Every moment is unique
Cinderella is the story of a family, common to all and different for everyone. When the first child is born, the world changes. The child is a revolution that extends to the parents' every cell and moment.
Ms. Partanen has used family album pictures as the image material of the Cinderella work set and added gilding to them. Gilding emphasizes the significance of each moment, the dignity of each person and
|
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CommonCrawl
| 1.519591 | -0.077224 | 0.119591 | 0.696694 |
the importance of each human relationship. The works underline the change of the concept of family and particularly that of the father's role. Art history abounds with images of women nursing children, but men nursing children cannot be found.
Today it is no longer difficult to find pictures depicting fathers successfully looking after children in the same way as mothers.
Artwork from the series Cinderella, part of triptych, 2001, mixed techniques, size: 39 x 139 x 5 cm. Photos © home albums
In the works contained in the Cinderella section the photographic elements are restricted to people and are located against backgrounds fashioned from gold leaf or golden-colored beaten metal plates. The originals are as thick as gold sovereigns, ingots fashioned from ordinary pictures of ordinary events, for it is in precisely this way, gilded and golden, that we are apt to remember those childhood years when once they are behind us.
Artwork from the series Cinderella, part of triptych, 2001, mixed techniques, size: 49 x 99 x 5 cm. Photos © home albums
Every step at that time had a significance of its own
Again, video installation
The video work Again, associated with the Cinderella series, had its beginning in September, 2001. At that time, the number one item of world news was the collapse of the Twin Towers of New York's World Trade Center. The game about the building and falling down of a town of blocks became real in a tragic way. News broadcasts kept resending the crumbling down of the towers, but why was just this video image so strongly engraved in our minds?
Uudestaan-video artwork and Golden City -installation, Väsby Art Hall, 2017.
Still-images, Again video installation, 2002.
Again video installation, Lapinlahti Art Museum, 2004.
There is always something that comes along to turn our own little world upside down
Golden City installation
Golden City is a large installation of gilded blocks, associated with the Cinderella set, which forms in the exhibition space an urban structure on a red base. The builder's task is great and so valuable that in Golden City it can only be performed with white gloves on. The installation invites to try out and touch. Both little and big people can experience again the wonderful moment in which the block tower begins to collapse.
Golden City, Kouvola Art Museum Poikilo, 2018.
Golden City, Kajaani Art Museum, 2008.
Build your own installation
Crusade after rain
The exhibition is a playing adult's comment to the crusade fervour swelling in the world.
How much money do we spend on the arms trade? Who has the war as their motive? What kind of global business starts after the bombs drop? Who benefits from the destruction? How about non-profit organizations and re-builders, don't they benefit from the tragedy? What is the reach of these shockwaves?
The production is opened by a mind game: what if bombs would be good and unifying acts priced equally with these weapons? What kind of positive shockwaves and prosperity would this create?
Crusade after rain and Like earth like heaven, Varkaus Art Museum, 2002
Crusade after rain, 2002 (detail), installation, size 2,5 x 2,5 m
Kaaba opened
What is hidden inside Kaaba? Why the different rules when it comes to wrapping it between men and women? Why religion finds it so important to leave women out of the higher ranks of society?
The holiest place in Islamic world is comprised of legos in this production. You can find this common material in almost every household and it gives an opportunity to explore the thematics thru the play of creative adult. Kaaba opened makes a statement on Iraq war and Islamic values and compares them to values of the western countries. These matters are still relevant in todays world.
Opened Kaaba, Poikilo Art Museum, Kouvola, 2018.
Opened Kaaba, detail.
Cinderella, theater performance
Cinderella is artist Jaana Partanen's and audio artist Juha Valkeapää's commissioned work for the Hämeenlinna Children's And
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CommonCrawl
| 1.321245 | 0.072022 | 0.526429 | 0.514552 |
Youth Art Festival. Cinderella's visual and spatial bases are Partanen's works exploring Everyday Alchemy, installations formed of gilded everyday objects that Mr. Valkeapää uses in his performance.
Mr. Valkeapää's two separate performances are formed of improvised dances with sound in which Valkeapää dances the brush dance, the billet dance, the mirror dance, the bean dance, the foam dance and the toe and heel cutting dance and sings the welcome rap. Cinderella's prince does not for once fall into absolute despair. The sun shines on ashes!
Cinderella, theatre performance, Hippalot, Hämeenlinna, 2003.
Cinderella, theatre performance, Sanataidepäivät, Oulu, 2005.
Cinderella is a song of praise to everyday princes and princesses!
Cinderella, Kajaani Art Museum, 2008.
Varkaus Art Museum, 2002.
Again, video installation, Finnish Museum of Photography, Helsinki, 2007.
Cinderella, Finnish Museum of Photography, Helsinki, 2007.
Finnish Museum of Photography, Helsinki, 2007.
What if there is no final destination?
The second part, Sleeping Beauty, is a study of ageing, of the logic of old age and the art of giving things up. It is from among old women that she finds the fairy godmothers for Sleeping Beauty, people with the capacity for sharing their experience and wisdom freely with others.
Sleeping Beauty deals with the frailty of existence and the strength of man. The series had its start in several discussions with women of 75 to 90 years of age in the winter of 2003. The result was silverised imaginary portraits of wise aged women. In them Ms. Partanen sounds the secret of active old age, the elixir of life, the stone of wisdom. The works combine the traditional manually processed black-and-white image, the icon silverising technique and the illusion of tridimensionality characteristic of Ms. Partanen's photographic art.
Artwork from the series Sleeping Beauty, 2004, mixed techniques, size 78 x 120 x 6 cm.
Who is Sleeping Beauty?
To learn more about old age, Jaana Partanen began visiting the old women repeatedly to chat about the things that were most important to them: their life history, its joys and sorrows, its fulfilments and pains. They also spoke to her of friendship, sexuality and literature, as naturally and straightforwardly as only a person who has lived for nearly a hundred years can speak to another person.
These conversations helped the artist to form a picture of the personal qualities of each of the women. Each had her own source of inner strength and her own means of coping with all the trials that befell her. One would approach them with a sense of humour, another with humility, and so on. These were the means that had helped them to cope earlier in their lives, and they relied on them in their old age, too.
It was through these conversations, too, that the Sleeping Beauty sequence began to take shape. She photographed the women in their own home surroundings, using black-and-white film, large-sized negatives and studio lighting, as this seemed as obvious for photographing old people as snapshots had done for families with children. They then discussed ideas for their presentation and modified the pictures accordingly. Again the original backgrounds were cut away to leave only what were regarded as the essential elements.
Artwork from the series Sleeping Beauty, 2004, mixed techiniques.
Is this what the end of life is like? Can one not be happy in old age?
Teos sarjasta Ruusunen, 2004, sekatekniikka, koko 58 x 115 x 4 cm.
Artwork from the series Sleeping Beauty, 2004, mixed techniques, size 63 x 63 x 3 cm.
We feel ageing in our bodies and it is visible to others, but the soul does not age, it merely matures. A long life gives one a new breadth of
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CommonCrawl
| 1.948887 | 0.275774 | 0.630436 | 1.083747 |
vision and teaches one to be more tolerant, more kind and more liberal. Jaana Partanen's Sleeping Beauty grew in the wisdom of her fairy godmothers, from the gift of their experience of life. The women she photographed remained her friends after the work was completed, even though the new times brought new projects with them. The theme of old age in fact left her in peace only after the Crystal City had seen the light of day.
2004, three-part video installation, looping
Crystal City is a video installation that deals with the beauty of frailty. It is formed of old, used and gilded glass ware with cracks, scratches and fissures. In the video work dishes fall, crumble, grow together and rise again.
On the video white fingers cased in gloves step cautiously ahead in ruins of broken pieces. The work has its origin in the Iraq war that shook the world, the destruction of an old and fragile culture. Crystal City cuts the same aesthetics of destruction as the Again (Uudestaan) video work: man builds and time breaks up, again and again.
Crystal City, video installation, Iisalmi, 2004. Photo © Hannu Miettinen
Crystal City, video installation, Finnish Museum of Photography, Helsinki, 2007.
How easy it is to break something that already has cracks in it
Crystal City, video installation, Kouvola Art Museum Poikilo, 2018
Sleeping Beauty, Kajaani Art Museum, 2009.
Sleeping Beauty, Finnish Museum of Photography, Helsinki, 2007.
Sleeping Beauty, Orthodox Church Museum of Finland, 2005.
Sleeping Beauty, Galleria Ibis, Vaasa Art Hall, 2005.
Sleeping Beauty, Mikkeli Centre of Photography, 2004.
Is our life just one big misunderstanding?
A Real Princess
The third part, A Real Princess, delves into the relationship between a teenage girl and her middle-aged mother. This again is a question of change, giving something up and finding something new.
A Real Princess combines movement and stagnation, separation and staying still. Real Princess crystallizes the cross-pull between mother and daughter – pulling out, yet attached to each other – in one moment under water. It has toured the world's photographic art exhibitions and festivals as far as Latin America and Africa.
A Real Princess, moving still images, 2007, digital art, detail.
All you can do under the water is blow out air and touch the other person
Four mother-daughter couples participated in the making of Real Princess. Ms. Partanen discussed privately with the mothers and daughters and photographed after that their encounters in the water. Underwater the encounter of two close women parting from each other formed for a moment a peculiar relationship which it is useless to even try to imitate over ground. The mothers and daughters met with eyes closed, only with the sense of touched – and sought each other's lap.
The moving still images are almost stagnant, but still enigmatically changing: sometimes the water in the background stirs, sometimes a fine strand of hair.
The sequence A Real Princess that brings the Everyday Alchemy trilogy to a close consists of a series of digitally processed photographs and videos in which the subjects and their backgrounds have been shot separately and combined at a later stage. It follows in the footsteps of Cinderella and Sleeping Beauty except for the fact that their photographs printed from negatives and their gold and silver backgrounds have been replaced with digital files and they attain visible form only through the medium of a computer screen or projector. This produces digital images that are powerful and large in size but at the same time vulnerable.
What role is left for the mother bird to fulfill once the nest is empty?
A Real Princess, media artwork
"Children grow apart from their parents and parents from their children. It is simultaneously fascinating, liberating and frightening."
The Real Princess video work is a part of the series of works of the same title that as a whole forms the concluding part of Jaana Partanen's Everyday Alchemy (Arjen alkemiaa) exhibition trilogy. Each of the independent parts of the trilogy, Cinderella (Tuhkimo, 200
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CommonCrawl
| 2.073871 | 0.296538 | 0.384764 | 0.668867 |
Clarke, Andrew
Institute Top | Institute | Publications | Dataset
Natural Environment Research Council; British Antarctic Survey (BAS), more
High Cross, Madingley Road
Cambridge CB3 0ET
Tel.: +44-(0)1223-22 14 00
Fax: +44-(0)1223-36 26 16
Dataset Top | Institute | Publications | Dataset
Publications (20) Top | Institute | Publications | Dataset
A1 Publications (10) [show]
Chown, S.L.; Clarke, A.; Fraser, C.; Cary, S.C.; Moon, K.L.; McGeoch, M.A. (2015). The changing form of Antarctic biodiversity. Nature (Lond.) 522(7557): 431–438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature14505
Bowden, D.A.; Clarke, A.; Peck, L.S. (2009). Seasonal variation in the diversity and abundance of pelagic larvae of Antarctic marine invertebrates. Mar. Biol. (Berl.) 156(10): 2033-2047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-009-1235-9
Smale, D.A.; Brown, K.M.; Barnes, D.K.A.; Fraser, K.P.P.; Clarke, A. (2008). Ice scour disturbance in Antarctic waters. Science (Wash.) 321(5887): 371
Galley, E.A.; Tyler, P.A.; Clarke, A.; Smith, C.R. (2005). Reproductive biology and biochemical composition of the brooding echinoid Amphipneustes lorioli on the Antarctic continental shelf. Mar. Biol. (Berl.) 148(1): 59-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-005-0069-3
Clarke, A.; Johnston, N.M. (2003). Antarctic marine benthic diversity. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 41: 47-114
Falk-Petersen, S.; Hagen, W.; Kattner, G.; Clarke, A.; Sargent, J. (2000). Lipids, trophic relationships, and biodiversity in Arctic and Antarctic krill. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 57(Suppl. 3): 178-191
Barnes, D.K.A.; Clarke, A. (1998). The ecology of an assemblage dominant: the encrusting bryozoan Fenestrulina rugula. Invertebr. Biol. 117(4): 331-340
Vincent, A.; Clarke, A. (1995). Diversity in the marine environment. Trends Ecol. Evol. 10(2): 55-56
Brey, T.; Clarke, A. (1993). Population dynamics of marine benthic invertebrates in Antarctic and subantarctic environments: are there unique adaptations? Antarctic Science 5(3): 253-266
Clarke, A. (1983). Life in cold water: the physiological ecology of polar marine ectotherms. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 21: 341-453
Backeljau, T.; Frias Martins, A.M.; Gosling, E.; Grahame, J.; Mill, P.; Brito, C.; Clarke, A.; Medeiros, R.; Small, M.; Wilding, C.; Wilson, I.; Winnepenninckx, B.; Clarke, R.; De Wolf, H. (2001). Periwinkles
|
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CommonCrawl
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Each month we'll try to feature a new writing exercise or prompt to inspire the creation and generation of new poems. Check back every 4-5 weeks for a new idea to write about.
1. Write a poem about the sun or sunlight.
2. Write a poem from the perspective of an animal.
3. You have lost your sight. Write a poem about the environment around you using only your other senses.
4. What have you given up or walked away from? Write about how that felt.
5. Write a poem about flowers.
6. Write an abecedarium. Twenty-four lines each beginning with a letter of the alphabet—in order.
7. Let your mind wander back to a particular year and write about whatever springs to mind.
8. Write a poem from the perspective of someone who is drunk and/or stoned.
9. Four tercets (three line stanzas). You can even rhyme it.
10. Try a traditional form: villanelles, sonnets, sestinas. You can Google the rules.
11. Make a list. Things to do today. Groceries. What you find on the beach. Things you might find on an alien spaceship. Snakes. Write them down and see what happens.
12. A form I find useful in contemporary poetry is the anaphora which begins each line with the same word or phrase. The wording can morph (there really are no hard and fast rules in the universe of poetry!). Google Joy Harjo's "She Had Some Horses" for an example.
13. Write an "urban" poem. What does a large city mean to you? Can you provide concrete details that put us there?
14, And, of course, you need to follow your urban poem with a pastoral one. Ah, the country. How can you make it new, make it your own?
15. Write twelve lines. Break each line in half. Begin new lines with each fragment. You have twenty four lines. If that doesn't give you enough material to work with, then repeat.
16. Open a book by one of your favorite poets. Read and analyze one of her poems. What techniques does she use? Write a poem on the same subject and use the same techniques.
17, Pretend you are clairvoyant. What do you see in the crystal ball?
18, Here's an easy one. Write a political rant. Get it out of your system!
19. Study the picture on your April calendar page until you have mined it of nuance. Now write.
20. Write a letter to a family member who has died. Maybe you want to update them on your life. Maybe you want to tell them how much they're missed. Maybe you want to clear the air over something that happened. Maybe you just want to ask them the questions that you didn't get around to when they were alive.
21. And, while we're being a tad morbid, write your own obituary.
22. Write a humorous poem. Even if you're not that funny, you can probably come up with a story or situation that is.
23. A dog, a star, the color green, nail polish, and the smell of fermenting apples: write a poem that contains all these elements.
24. Read a piece of nonfiction—about anything you're interested in. Pick one detail that stands out. Write about it.
25. Write a random poem. Collect words and phrases that you hear and read all day then, in the evening (or next morning), weave them together, with or without your own words.
26. An object poem focuses on a single object and describes in detail its thingness. Use the senses. Be as literal or as far-reaching as you'd like.
27. Use rhyme and meter and at least fifteen lines on the subject of Godzilla (and you thought you couldn't write something humorous!).
28. Write a series of haiku about what you see out your window.
29. Draw a box on a sheet of paper. Write a poem inside it.
30. Write about your worst fear.
Write about your worst day last winter. Or your best day.
Where do you find love? Is love a butterfly in a field? A cloud against a blue sky? A dark cave? What represents it for you?
Take a break. What does that mean?
Summer. What summertime adventures have you had in your life? Write a poem (or
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C4
| 0.731643 | -0.70016 | 0.118583 | 1.291187 |
Tag Archives: martial arts movie
The Raid: Redemption. Action, Done Right.
And now we come to what has become one of my favorite movies of all time. The Raid Redemption is one of the most cohesive, brutal, action driven films I have seen since I first watched The Protector with Tony Jaa. And what makes it better is that a lot of people actually like it. For once, Rotten Tomatoes is right in giving it a 83% fresh rating. This movie is fresh as hell.
What should I start with in talking about this martial arts movie to the extreme? Well, its
Get your shoot on.
basis comes from some of the best. In an interview, I remember Gareth Evans saying he was inspired by Bruce Lee, Jackie Chan and earlier films of the time. But when you see this, you know it shoots right into the vein of Muay Thai, no holds barred, stunt fighting with punches hardly pulled. People are getting worked in this movie (on and off camera). And when you introduce guns into the mix, you know things are going to get even more brutal.
And there's a plot here as well! No running after elephants and single minded goals to be had here. There's a raid, some character development, and then a twist. Everything you need in a movie like
Br00tal.
this. Basically, Iko Uwais, now one of my top 5 favorite martial artists of all time, plays Rama, a passionate SWAT team member with a wife and a baby on the way. His team leader, Jaka (Joe Taslim) is determined to do the mission with no losses and everything in order and justified. But with the sounding of the alarm, a 30 floor slum building crawling with hundreds of crime gangs, everything is going to go off.
Other than the adequate acting in this film, I was really impressed that some martial artists I hadn't see before showed up in this one. Joe Taslim was quite the throw artist with his specialty in Judo. His fight with Mad Dog was literally redonkulous. And then there's Mad Dog himself, played by Yayan Ruhian. That little greasy haired monkey absolutely destroys half of the people in this movie, and doesn't even stop when he gets a light bulb shaft shoved in his neck. Unbelievably badass. Throw in the expertise of Iko Uwais and his Silat, and you have the best 101 minutes of my life.
What I was surprised about in this movie was how much weaponry was used in a classically martial arts movie. Guns,
Mad Dog, unleashed.
assault rifles, knives, police clubs, the environment as well as the weapons available created a more realistic situation than just fists and feet. (Watch out for the Machete Gang though…) People getting thrown into furniture and off of ledges, this movie becomes so brutal everybody is shouting "OH!" while watching it.
Now we come to the soundtrack. For the U.S. and English speaking release (I mean subtitled of course), Mike Shinoda of Linkin Park was recruited to make his own original electronic soundtrack to complement the movie in comparison to the Indonesian release. What is created is what I would consider a throwback to the first two L.P. albums which is far superior to the stuff they're coming out with now. The drums and bass come in at just the right moments to escalate your emotions and really get your blood pumping. Just like a video game, you have this rising action as you get into unique fight after unique fight. Superb.
30 floors of Hell.
Throw together all these elements and you have a Welsh director in an English speaking country that gets Eastern martial arts cinema. If I could grow up to be like him, I'd do it. The Raid: Redemption just proves that martial arts action films can be explosive, entertaining, and dramatic. 9.8 out of 10.
1 Comment | tags: 30 floor slum building, 83% fresh, action done right, action driven, adequate acting, assault rifles, badass, blood pumping, Bruce Lee, brutal, character development, cohesive, crime gangs, destructive, dramatic, drum and bass, Eastern martial arts, elephants, English speaking country, entertaining, escalates emotions, explosive, favorite movies of all time, fists and
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CommonCrawl
| 0.534656 | -0.570382 | 0.781066 | -0.598618 |
Songwriters & Project Studios
A question often asked by upcoming songwriters is how do I record my songs? My answer is straight away! With a marked proviso - use whatever facilities you have but use it as a songwriter. Start with your phone. Why? Because you probably have it with you all the time, it will have a large enough memory to you can easily capture all your chords progressions, notes, snatches of melodies, dumb ideas and good ones, and then you can download those audio files direct into your DAW (digital audio workstation) and start drafting. You can build on your ideas rather than 'iterating the life out of them'
Here are some the things I use: my iphone ( trademe special!), my backpack studio (laptop, headphones, interface, mic) and my project studio. Yes, everyone's got different specs and you can lose yourself down a tunnel of gear at the start, but the point is, start somewhere, start capturing. Think of your studio conceptually, as you would a pen and notebook.
Hit songwriter Ester Dean (Rihanna, Nikki Minaj, Selena Gomz) says this:
'Get a mobile studio so you can record from anywhere. There are three places I record songs: I have an office recording studio, a smaller home studio, and my "backpack studio," which is basically just my laptop, microphone, and headphone set. I can put together a song whenever, wherever. When I was on set for Pitch Perfect, I was still recording songs this way and sending out audition tapes to do voiceovers on films like Ice Age.'
Our own Dinah Lee at 74, not out, says this:
'I have all the latest technology. It's incredible how easy it is now compared to back then. You've got to keep up with it, be in the race. ...with my music I do it all myself from start to finish.' ( recording, mixing, mastering, artwork creation, uploading)
The basics are :
1. A computer - laptop/desktop, with enough brain (RAM) to operate the....
2. Software ( Digital audio workstation - for recording/editing and mixing, even mastering)
3. An audio interface - to translate vocals and real instruments from analogue sound to digital information the computer can manipulate.
4. A microphone - yep, start with one!
5. Monitors - headphones or speakers.
Not too tricky really - it's easier and now cheaper than you think, but the point is to start with what you have. And I bet you have a phone and a heart!
ps bookings are trucking along well for Akaroa Songwriters Clinic QueensBirthday Weekend. Come along - I'm bringing my backpack studio! Check out the view from the venue.
Is My Song Ready to Record?
How do I know if my song is ready to record? Interesting question! I think a way to approach this depends on what set up you have, what size audience you can command for live performance and what resources you have. A record exec once asked me what expectations I had, and it totally floored me (it was sometime ago!) But I do think looking at what you expect, what you want, is a big part of how you look at taking a song 'further', and it has as much to do with whether you're ready for that journey, as much as your song.
Nowadays, it's pretty easy to record draft tracks on ipads or lap tops, and ping them off as wee mp3s and 4's. This is an important part of songwriting - working up drafts of your songs, listening back with fresh ears and for sharing with collaborators or bandmates. Just even remembering a tune or snatches of lyrics can be so easily captured now and the results backed up on a drive smaller than your thumbnail.
So, then what? Here are some possible outcomes/purposes for a recording of your song to think about.
Is your recording to get your song on the setlist of your band? Is it to show songwriting collaborators? Is it audio for entry into songwriting competitions or to put up on YouTube? Is it for radio broadcast, to entice a publisher, a producer, a video director, a really awesome vocalist to work on your material? Is it to get more live work from venues or festival organisers? Are you going to sell it digitally or physically? Independently or with label support?
Each of these outcomes
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CommonCrawl
| 0.5496 | -0.561946 | -0.193999 | 1.093866 |
has slightly different requirements for a recording - some you can easily achieve yourself. With the advent of DAW's and hard drive recording programmes, ever cheaper computers, it's totally possible to knock together a cheap home project studio for a few hundred. You can go piece by piece, get a condensor mic, headphones or powered speakers. Whether you set up in your lounge, your bedroom or your garage, having something you can capture basic and clear recordings of your songs is an important first step. There's always someone with more/better gear than you. Start simple and don't get too bamboozled! As monitor and live sound engineer Gil Craig says 'If you can operate an ATM, you can work a home recording set up'
A harder question to answer is what size audience can you command? What demand is there for your material? A strong indicator is how many folks turn up to your shows and what songs EITHER stop them in their tracks OR whip them into a frenzy in the mosh pit. A crowd pleaser live doesn't necessarily make the best radio or internet delivered song, but if there is strong live support for your work, then there's a good chance you've achieved some market penetration and could monetize that, industry parlance.
Finally, what resources do you have to devote to the process? How much time do you have? It does take time and resilience, a willingness to try things out, to say yes and sometimes to say no! Who do you know? A strong rhythm section, a great guitarist, an electronics whizz that can give you the beats you need? Do you know someone actually already involved in the recording, mixing and mastering of contemporary music, someone who's released material before who can advise you on arrangements and production? Check out your favourite local recording credits, and approach folks. Reach out! In my experience, NZ musicians are really generous with time and energy, they want to play and will consider a 'development' rate, even a shout for the right person. What money can you bring to the table? For beers and pizza, for petrol, for lunches? If you can offer those who pursue music professionally a little folding, it can go further than you think. But you don't want to outstay the 'favour' welcome. There's mates rates, and then there's get off the grass! Be appreciative and give credit where it's due. Folks can always say no too.
Whatever you can put into recording your music will pay off in your development as a songwriter and each improvement in the quality of your songwriting, your musical taste and judgement, your recording equipment, rehearsal process and personnel used and time you put into developing your skills will definitely show as you make more recordings, just as the more practice you do, the better you play.
ps email me if you'd like to do my brand new online songwriting course - How do I write better songs? It's short and free!
Just put COURSE in the subject line of the email.
pps click here to join us this Labour Weekend for the upcoming Songwriter's Clinic in picturesque Wanaka
This week, I made a mistake during the recording of a vocal. I'd pressed 'record' but because my headphone extender lead is starting to fray at the connector, I couldn't hear all of my playback consistently. It kept shorting out. While I was mucking around trying to get both left and right channels at full signal, fiddling with the lead and connection, I missed my cue. But the song improved markedly because of it.
Suddenly, there was much needed space where there had previously been a bunch of words packed into four bars like a fistful of frightened sardines. Now, the new 'mistake' or 'missed take' space created a sense of anticipation for the next line, closely followed by a sense of relief when the 'punchline' hit. The words immediately after the space became lit up like a Christmas tree. Useful, because they're the title of the track. Helpful, for the singer, because now she can breathe during the chorus. Effective for the writer, because the whole point of the song had taken centre stage.
In essence, my ballsup fixed my ballsup!
This points to the principle of being in the room. If I hadn't been trying to get a better vocal take, if I had been trying to fix a bit of kit on the fly, if I
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] | 1,024 |
CommonCrawl
| 0.802287 | -0.673556 | -0.575507 | 0.303318 |
America the Extraordinary
Posted on June 29, 2020 by L Franz
"Reddit shut down its popular but controversial forum devoted to supporting President Txxxx on Monday, following years in which the social media company tried but often failed to control the racism, misogyny, anti-Semitism, glorification of violence and conspiracy theories that flourished there" (The Washington Post).
"The US is 'unlikely' to achieve herd immunity to the coronavirus even with a vaccine, according to the country's leading public health expert, who warned that a 'general anti-science, anti-authority, anti-vaccine feeling' is likely to thwart vaccination efforts. In an interview with CNN, Dr Anthony Fauci also said people not wearing masks was 'a recipe for disaster'"… (The Guardian).
"The videos are now showing up in your social media feed every hour or two, each one more over-the-top than the one before — viral missives from a world that seems to have gone mad and yet somehow exists right in our backyard. These 'forgotten Americans' are at the lectern at your county commission meeting if they're not yelling at you in the produce aisle — screaming that the elected officials and their so-called scientific experts demanding they wear a mask to prevent the spread of coronavirus are really part of a vast conspiracy to take away their freedoms" (Will Bunch for The Philadelphia Inquirer).
Mr. Bunch continues:
It was another great day for liberty — and yet a horrible one for tens of thousands of Americans who now may die needlessly because so many cling to a warped idea of freedom that apparently means not caring whether others in your community get sick.
The reality is that those devil-worshiping elected officials and their mad scientists are trying to mandate masks in public for the same reasons they don't let 12-year-olds drive and they close bars at 2 a.m.: They actually want to keep their constituents alive.
There's a plethora of reasons why countries across Europe — even Boris Johnson's United Kingdom, for God's sake — crushed their coronavirus curve while the United States didn't. Their shutdowns were somewhat longer, their reopenings came with better testing and contact tracing, their leaders set good examples, and their people showed common sense about social distancing and masks. But especially masks.
The most comprehensive study published in the journal Lancet found mask-wearing could reduce the risk of coronavirus transmission from 17% to 3%. No wonder the University of Washington says universal mask-wearing in the United States would reduce the coronavirus death toll between now and October by a whopping 33,000 human beings.
Just think of all the restrictions on freedom and liberty — from the government seeing what you checked out at the library to invasive searches at the airport — to prevent another attack like 9/11 that killed 3,000 people, or less than one-tenth the toll from not wearing masks. But for millions of Americans — not a majority, mind you, but enough to cause a public-health hazard in a pandemic — the idea of masks has been launched into a different orbit where freedom talk is injected with the uniquely American viruses of free-market capitalism and media manipulation, maybe with a dollop of white supremacy….
But … too much of the warped notion of freedom promoted by the aggressively not-mask-wearing President Txxxx and his No. 2, Mike Pence, and their prophets like Rush Limbaugh and Sean Hannity won't just get you high — to continue with the Sweet analogy — but could also kill you by an overdose. What the radio hucksters, and the wannabe dictators they installed, won't tell you is that freedom without any social responsibility or empathy for others is ultimately hollow.
But let's remember that American people — even the damaged souls that you're laughing at on Twitter today — didn't pervert the meaning of freedom on their own. The warped modern version of liberty was sold to them, first by right-wing public intellectuals like Ayn Rand, who killed thousands of trees to wrap unbridled selfishness in her endless tomes about freedom, and later by the salesmen of Big Capitalism.
Protecting your freedom became the ideal branding for what these pitchmen really wanted
|
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CommonCrawl
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\section{Introduction}
Recent years have seen explosive growth both in the number of devices connected to communication networks, as well as in the amount of data generated, shared, and collaboratively processed by these devices. With machine communication expected to dominate human communication, future communication networks will increasingly be used in the service of computation tasks \cite{Samsung_6G}. Along with the processing power of connected devices, a key determining factor of the potential of these `\emph{computation networks}' will be the fundamental limit of their communication-efficiency. Despite a multitude of advances spanning several decades \cite{Witsenhausen, Korner_Marton_sum, Ahlswede_Cai_CC, Orlitsky_Roche, Doshi_Shah_Medard_Effros, Rai_Dey, Giridhar_Kumar, Kowshik_Kumar, Ramamoorthy_Langberg, Feizi_Medard, Appuswamy1, Appuswamy2, Appuswamy3, Guang_Yeung_Yang_Li}, the capacity limits of computation networks remain largely unknown. Remarkably, this is the case even in the most basic of scenarios such as computational multiple access and broadcast, the presumptive starting points for developing a cohesive theory of computation networks. It is also noteworthy that many applications of recent interest, such as coded caching \cite{Maddah_Ali_Niesen, Yu_Maddah_Avestimehr_exact, Caching_D2D}, private information retrieval \cite{PIRfirstjournal, PIR_tutorial}, coded MapReduce \cite{CompCommTradeoff}, distributed storage exact repair \cite{Dimakis_survey, DSS_overview, toni}, index coding \cite{Birk_Kol_Trans, Young_Han_FnT}, coded computing \cite{CodedComputing_Survey, Coding_Fog_Computing}, data shuffling \cite{Lee_Lam_Pedarsani}, federated learning \cite{FLsurvey1} and secure aggregation \cite{FastSecAgg}, are essentially linear computation multiple access (LCMAC) or broadcast (LCBC) settings with additional application-specific constraints. Future developments, say in networked VR/AR technology \cite{Networked_VR, Saad_VR1,Medard_VR, Zhao_Cui_Yang_Shamai, Saad_6G,Samsung_6G}, will similarly need linear broadcast and multiple access computational networks for coordination and synchronization \cite{HUYGENS, Fei_Chen_Wang_Jafar, Cuff_coordination} of users' perspectives across space, typically computed as linear projections of real-world coordinates. Evidently, beyond their significance as building blocks, LCMAC/LCBC networks are important in and of themselves.
The collaborative, task-oriented, and interactive character of computation networks manifests in \emph{data dependencies}, and an abundance of \emph{side-information} accumulated at each node from prior computations on overlapping datasets. Both data dependencies and side-information significantly impact the capacity of computation networks. Furthermore, because of the inherently algorithmic character of machine communication, the underlying structures of data dependencies and side-information are often predictable, and may be exploited in principled ways to improve communication efficiency. Indeed, both of these aspects are central to the computation broadcast (CBC) problem, an elemental one-to-many computation network studied recently in \cite{Sun_Jafar_CBC}. The CBC setting in \cite{Sun_Jafar_CBC} is comprised of data ${\bf X}$ that is stored at a server, and $K=2$ users, such that User $k\in[1:2]$ wishes to compute a function ${\bf W}_k$ of the dataset, and already has side-information ${\bf W}_k'$. The goal of CBC is to find the minimum amount of information, $\Delta^*$, that the server must broadcast to both users such that the users are able to compute their respective desired functions. The capacity of CBC is defined as $C^*=1/\Delta^*$.
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ArXiv
| 0.837608 | 2.160157 | 0.920938 | 1.407555 |
1}
\node at (-1.6,-1.5) [draw=black, rounded corners, fill=white] (S) { ${\bf S}$};
\node[draw=black, fill=white, rounded corners,minimum width=3cm, rotate=90, above left=1.5cm and 0.3cm of S] (T) [align=center] {\footnotesize Server has data ${\bf X}\in\mathbb{F}_q^{d\times L}$};
\node[draw=black, fill=white, rounded corners] (U1) at (1,0*1.1) [align=center] {\footnotesize User $1$ has ${\bf W}_1'$\\[-0.1ex] \footnotesize $={\bf X}^T{\bf V}_1'\in\mathbb{F}_q^{L\times m_1'}$};
\node[draw=black, fill=white, rounded corners] (U2) at (1,-1.2*1.1) [align=center] {\footnotesize User $2$ has ${\bf W}_2'$\\[-0.1ex] \footnotesize $={\bf X}^T{\bf V}_2'\in\mathbb{F}_q^{L\times m_2'}$};
\node[draw=black, fill=white, rounded corners] (U3) at (1,-3*1.1) [align=center] {\footnotesize User $K$ has ${\bf W}_K'$\\[-0.1ex] \footnotesize $={\bf X}^T{\bf V}_K'\in\mathbb{F}_q^{L\times m_K'}$};
\node[draw=black, right=0.4cm of U1, align=center, minimum width=2.8cm, rounded corners, fill=white](W1) {\footnotesize Wants ${\bf W}_1$\\[-0.1ex] \footnotesize $={\bf X}^T{\bf V}_1\in\mathbb{F}_q^{L\times m_1}$};
\node[draw=black, right=0.4cm of U2, align=center, minimum width=2.8cm, rounded corners, fill=white](W2) {\footnotesize Wants ${\bf W}_2$\\[-0.1ex] \footnotesize $={\bf X}^T{\bf V}_2\in\mathbb{F}_q^{L\times m_2}$};
\node[draw=black, right=0.4cm of U3, align=center, minimum width=2.8cm, rounded corners, fill=white](W3) {\footnotesize Wants ${\bf W}_K$\\[-0.1ex] \footnotesize $={\bf X}^T{\bf V}_K\in\mathbb{F}_q^{L\times m_K}$};
\node[below=-0.2cm of W2] {\large $\vdots$};
\node[below=-0.2cm of U2] {\large $\vdots$};
\draw[thick, ->] (S.west-|T.south) -- (S.west);
\draw[thick, ->] (U1) -- (W1);
\draw[thick, ->] (U2) -- (W2);
\draw[thick, ->] (U3) -- (W3);
\draw[thick, ->] (S.east) -- (U1.west);
\draw[thick, ->] (S.east) -- (U2.west);
\draw[thick, ->] (S.east) -- (U3.west);
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{\small The LCBC$\Big(\mathbb{F}_q, K,d,(m_k,m_k')_{k\in[1:K]},({\bf V}_k,{\bf V}_k')_{k\in[1:K]}\Big)$ problem described in Section \ref{sec:probstat}.}\label{fig:LCBC}
\end{figure}
The main result of \cite{Sun_Jafar_CBC} is an exact capacity characterization for \emph{linear} computation broadcast (LCBC), as illustrated in Figure \ref{fig:LCBC}, for the case of $K=2$ users, where each user's demand and side-information are linear functions of the data. We refer the reader to Section
|
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ArXiv
| -0.646586 | 1.064827 | -1.297279 | -0.320583 |
\ref{sec:notation} to clarify notational aspects, and to Section \ref{sec:probstat} for details of the problem formulation. The optimal broadcast cost is found in \cite{Sun_Jafar_CBC} to be $\Delta^*= \max\Big(\rk([{\bf V}_i, {\bf V}_i'])-\rk({\bf V}_i')+ \rk([{\bf V}_1, {\bf V}_2, {\bf V}_1', {\bf V}_2'])-\rk([{\bf V}_i, {\bf V}_i', {\bf V}_j'])\Big)$, where $\rk()$ is the rank function, and the $\max$ is over { $(i,j)\in\{(1,2), (2,1)\}$}. For i.i.d. uniform data this can be equivalently expressed as { $\max \left(H({\bf W}_i\mid {\bf W}_i')+H({\bf W}_j\mid {\bf W}_i, {\bf W}_i', {\bf W}_j')\right)$}.
The scope of LCBC includes problems such as index coding \cite{Yossef_Birk_Jayram_Kol_Trans, Birk_Kol_Trans, Rouayheb_Sprintson_Georghiades} that have been extensively studied and yet remain open in general. While many instances of index coding have been solved from a variety of perspectives \cite{Young_Han_FnT, Berliner_Langberg, Ong_single_uniprior, Jafar_TIM, Agarwal_Flodin_Mazumdar,Blasiak_Kleinberg_Lubetzky_2010 }, little is known about the optimal broadcast cost for the general index coding problem. It is shown in \cite{Birk_Kol_Trans} that for \emph{scalar linear} coding, the optimal broadcast cost can be found in general by solving a min-rank problem. The min-rank solution has been extended to index coding with coded side-information in \cite{Lee_Dimakis_Heath} and is not difficult to further generalize to LCBC. However, on top of the difficulty of matrix rank minimizations (known to be NP-hard \cite{Vandenberghe_Boyd}), scalar linear coding is only one of many possible coding schemes, and it is well known that capacity achieving schemes need not be scalar or linear, even for index coding \cite{Lubetzky_Stav, Blasiak_Kleinberg_Lubetzky_2011, Maleki_Cadambe_Jafar}. Thus, finding the capacity of LCBC in general is at least as hard as solving the general index coding problem.
On the other hand, index coding problems constitute only a small subset of all possible LCBC instances. The special cases of LCBC that yield index coding problems are precisely those where all the columns of ${\bf V}_k,{\bf V}_k'$ can be represented as standard basis vectors. Evidently, LCBC allows a significantly richer research space for developing new insights. This is why for LCBC, even settings with only $2,3$ users are interesting and insightful, whereas such settings would be trivial for index coding. The richer space of LCBC problems is particularly valuable if it is amenable to information theoretic analysis. Intrigued by this possibility, in this work we explore what new technical challenges might emerge in the LCBC setting when we go from $2$ to $3$ users.
The main result of this work is the exact capacity of the $3$ user LCBC for all cases, i.e., for arbitrary $\mathbb{F}_q$, arbitrary data dimension $d$, and arbitrary demands and side-informations $\bV_k, \bV_k'$ for each user, $k\in\{1,2,3\}$. An explicit expression for the capacity, $C^*$, is presented in Theorem \ref{thm:main}, and depends on the dimensions (ranks) of various unions and intersections of subspaces corresponding to the users' desired computations and side-information. The intuition behind the explicit form becomes more transparent when it is viewed as the solution to a linear program, in an alternative formulation of the capacity result, presented in Theorem \ref{thm:LP}. The linear program sheds light on the key ideas behind the optimal coding scheme. One of these ideas is a decomposition of the collective signal
|
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ArXiv
| 0.957159 | 2.642933 | 0.89404 | 1.711126 |
spaces of the three users (column spans of the $[{\bf V}_k',\bV_k]$ matrices) into distinct subspaces that allow different levels of communication efficiency. This decomposition appears as an intermediate result in Theorem \ref{thm:decomposition}. The linear program formulation of Theorem \ref{thm:LP} reveals a non-trivial tradeoff between the number of dimensions of broadcast that are drawn from each subspace, and leads to a constrained waterfilling solution in Section \ref{sec:solveLP}. What makes the achievability especially challenging is that the users have different (seemingly incompatible) views of the useful information within each subspace depending on their respective side-informations. Random coding arguments are invoked to find broadcast dimensions for the optimal scheme that are useful across the different perspectives. The scheme also relies on both field size extensions (Section \ref{subsec:field_size}) and regular vector coding extensions (referred to as matrix extensions in Section \ref{sec:matex}). In contrast, scalar linear codes were found to be sufficient for the $2$ user LCBC in \cite{Sun_Jafar_CBC}. On the converse side, a key insight that emerges from this work is that the entropic formulation (where the entropies of all subsets of $\{{\bf W}_1,{\bf W}_2, {\bf W}_3,{\bf W}_1',{\bf W}_2', {\bf W}_3'\}$ are specified but not their functional forms) is insufficient to obtain a tight converse bound. This is established by noting that that there are instances of the $3$ user LCBC that have the same entropic formulation but different capacities (see discussion following Example \ref{ex:2x_efficiency} in Section \ref{sec:examples}). A tight converse for the $3$ user LCBC is obtained based on functional submodularity (\cite{Kontoyiannis_Madiman}, also Lemma \ref{lemma:madiman} in this work). The observation stands in sharp contrast to the $2$ user LCBC setting of \cite{Sun_Jafar_CBC} where the entropic formulation was found to be sufficient to obtain a tight converse bound.
\section{Notation}\label{sec:notation}
For a matrix $M$, let $\langle M\rangle$ denote the subspace spanned by the columns of $M$. The notation $M_1\cap M_2$ represents a matrix whose columns form a basis of $\langle M_1\rangle\cap\langle M_2\rangle$. $[M_1, M_2]$ represents a concatenated matrix which can be partitioned column-wise into $M_1$ and $M_2$. $[M_1; M_2]$ represents a concatenated matrix which can be partitioned row-wise into $M_1$ and $M_2$. The rank of $M$ is denoted by $\rk(M)$. If $\rk(M)$ is equal to the number of columns of $M$, i.e., $M$ has full column rank, then we say that $M$ forms a basis for $\langle M\rangle$. The notation $[1:n]$ represents the set $\{1,2,\cdots, n\}$. $\mathbb{F}_q$ is a finite field with $q=p^n$ a power of a prime. The elements of the prime field $\mathbb{F}_p$ are represented as $\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$, i.e., integers modulo $p$. The notation $\mathbb{F}_q^{n_1\times n_2}$ represents the set of $n_1\times n_2$ matrices with elements in $\mathbb{F}_q$.
\section{Problem Statement: $3$ User LCBC} \label{sec: Problem Formulation}\label{sec:probstat}
\subsection{The General $K$ User LCBC$\left(\mathbb{F}_q, K,d, (m_k, m_k')_{k\in[1:K]}, ({\bf V}_k, {\bf V}_k')_{k\in[1:K]}\right)$}
While our focus in this work is exclusively on the $K=3$ user case, in this section let us define the LCBC problem for the general $K$-user setting. The general LCBC problem is specified by the parameters $\left(\mathbb{F}_q, K,d, (m_k, m_k')
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] | 1,024 |
ArXiv
| 0.244015 | 2.284745 | -0.145806 | 1.15458 |
_{k\in[1:K]}, ({\bf V}_k, {\bf V}_k')_{k=[1:K]}\right)$. There are $K$ users. For each realization of a $d$-dimensional data vector ${\bf x}$, the projection of the data along ${\bf V}_k\in\mathbb{F}_q^{d\times m_k}$ is desired, while the projection along ${\bf V}_k'\in\mathbb{F}_q^{d\times m_k'}$ is available as side-information to the $k^{th}$ user, $k\in[1:K]$. The batch size, i.e., the number of data instances to be processed (encoded) together is represented by the parameter $L$ that is freely chosen by the coding scheme. Specifically, $\forall\ell\in[1:L]$, the $\ell^{th}$ realization of the data is ${\bf x}(\ell)=(x_1(\ell), \cdots, x_d(\ell))^T\in\mathbb{F}_q^{d\times 1}$. The $k^{th}$ user has side-information ${\bf w}_k'(\ell)={\bf x}^T(\ell){\bf V}_k'\in\mathbb{F}_q^{1\times m_k'}$ and wants ${\bf w}_k(\ell)={\bf x}^T(\ell){\bf V}_k\in\mathbb{F}_q^{1\times m_k}$. For compact notation, define,
\begin{align}
{\bf X}&\triangleq ({\bf x}(1), \cdots, {\bf x}(L))\in\mathbb{F}_q^{d\times L},\\
{\bf W}_k&\triangleq{\bf X}^T{\bf V}_k=({\bf w}_k(1),\cdots,{\bf w}_k(L))^T\in\mathbb{F}_q^{L\times m_k},\\
{\bf W}_k'&\triangleq{\bf X}^T{\bf V}_k'=({\bf w}_k'(1),\cdots,{\bf w}_k'(L))^T\in\mathbb{F}_q^{L\times m_k'},\\
{\bf W}_k^*&\triangleq[{\bf W}_k, {\bf W}_k']\in\mathbb{F}_q^{L\times (m_k+m_k')},\\
\mathcal{W}^*&\triangleq\{{\bf W}_k: k\in[1:K]\}\cup\{{\bf W}_k':k\in[1:K]\}.
\end{align}
An achievable scheme consists of an encoding function $\Phi: {\Bbb F}_q^{d\times L}\rightarrow\mathcal{S}$, and $K$ decoders $\Psi_{k}: \mathcal{S}\times \mathbb{F}_q^{L\times m_k'}\rightarrow\mathbb{F}_q^{L\times m_k}$, $k\in[1:K]$. The encoder $\Phi$ maps the data to the broadcast information ${\bf S}$ over some alphabet $\mathcal{S}$, i.e.,
\begin{align}
\Phi({\bf X})={\bf S}\in\mathcal{S}.
\end{align}
The $k^{th}$ decoder, $\Psi_{k}$ allows the $k^{th}$ user to retrieve ${\bf W}_k$ from the broadcast information ${\bf S}$ and the side-information ${\bf W}_k'$, i.e.,
\begin{align}
\Psi_k({\bf S}, {\bf W}_k') = {\bf W}_k,&& \forall k\in[1:K].\label{eq:dec}
\end{align}
The optimal broadcast cost per computation (in $q$-ary units) is,
\begin{align}
\Delta^*&=\inf_{L, \Phi, (\Psi_{k})_{k\in[1:K]}} \Delta/L
\end{align}
where $\Delta\triangleq \log_q(|\mathcal{S}|)$. The capacity $C^*$ is defined as the reciprocal of the optimal broadcast cost,
\begin{align}
C^*=1/\Delta^*.
\end{align}
Note that the broadcast cost does not depend on the distribution of the data ${\bf x}$. Indeed, the problem formulation does not specify any distribution for the data. From the achievability side, this means that any achievable scheme must work for all data distributions and
|
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ArXiv
| -0.241065 | 2.165349 | -0.883045 | 0.522141 |
all data realizations. From the converse side, this means that any data distribution will produce a valid converse, although not all converse bounds will necessarily be tight. As it turns out in this work, an i.i.d. uniform distribution on the data produces a tight converse, so we will assume without loss of generality (as in \cite{Sun_Jafar_CBC}) that the elements of ${\bf x}$ are drawn i.i.d. uniform from $\mathbb{F}_q$ for our converse bounds. The i.i.d. uniform assumption mainly facilitates entropic analysis. Also note that while the demands and side-information are linear, the encoders and decoders are \emph{not} restricted to be linear. We will use $\log_q()$ for all entropy calculations because $\Delta^*$ is measured in $q$-ary units.
\subsection{Signal Spaces $\bU_1, \bU_2, \bU_3$ and their Intersections}\label{sec:Uint}
Recall that in this work our focus is on the LCBC with $K=3$ users, i.e., the most general setting that we consider in this work is LCBC$\left(\mathbb{F}_q, 3,d, (m_k, m_k')_{k\in[1:3]}, ({\bf V}_k, {\bf V}_k')_{k\in[1:3]}\right)$.
Let us define the spaces ${\bf U}_1, {\bf U}_2, {\bf U}_3$, associated with the $3$ users, as follows,
\begin{align}
{\bf U}_1 &\triangleq [{\bf V}_1', {\bf V}_1], &&~~~~~~~~~~~~{\bf U}_2\triangleq [{\bf V}_2', {\bf V}_2],&&{\bf U}_3\triangleq [{\bf V}_3', {\bf V}_3],\label{eq:Udef}\\
\intertext{and also define the following intersections,}
{\bf U}_{ij} &\triangleq{\bf U}_i \cap {\bf U}_j, &&\forall i,j\in [1:3], i\neq j,\\
{\bf U}_{123}&\triangleq{\bf U}_1 \cap {\bf U}_2\cap{\bf U}_3,\\
{\bf U}_{i(j,k)}&\triangleq {\bf U}_i \cap [{\bf U}_j, {\bf U}_k], && \forall (i,j,k) \in \{ \mbox{\footnotesize permutations of } (1,2,3)\}.
\end{align}
Recall that the spaces $\langle \bU_i \rangle$ refer to the column spans of the corresponding matrices. These spaces will be essential to the understanding of the $3$ user LCBC.
\subsection{Conditional Rank}
Given arbitrary matrices ${\bf M_1}\in\mathbb{F}_q^{d\times\mu_1}, {\bf M_2}\in\mathbb{F}_q^{d\times\mu_2}$, we define the notion of conditional rank, written $\rk({\bf M_1}\mid {\bf M_2})$, as
\begin{align}
\rk({\bf M}_1\mid {\bf M}_2)=\rk([{\bf M}_1,{\bf M}_2])-\rk({\bf M}_2)=\rk({\bf M}_1)-\rk({\bf M}_1\cap{\bf M}_2).\label{eq:defconrank}
\end{align}
where we made use of the fact that $\rk([{\bf M}_1, {\bf M}_2])=\rk({\bf M}_1)+\rk({\bf M}_2)-\rk({\bf M}_1\cap {\bf M}_2)$.
Recall that if the elements of the random data matrix ${\bf X}\in\mathbb{F}_q^{d\times L}$ are i.i.d. uniform in $\mathbb{F}_q$, then for any arbitrary matrix ${\bf M}\in\mathbb{F}_q^{d\times \mu}$, the entropy $H({\bf X}^T{\bf M})=\rk({\bf M})$. The significance of conditional rank then follows from the observation that the conditional entropy $H({\bf X}^T{\bf M_1}\mid {\bf X}^T{\bf M}_2)=H({\bf X}^T{\bf M
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ArXiv
| -0.011134 | 2.08229 | -0.64096 | 0.613213 |
}_1, {\bf X}^T{\bf M}_2)-H({\bf X}^T{\bf M}_2) = H({\bf X}^T[{\bf M}_1, {\bf M}_2])-H({\bf X}^T{\bf M}_1)=\rk([{\bf M}_1,{\bf M}_2])-\rk({\bf M}_2)=\rk({\bf M}_1\mid {\bf M}_2)$.
\section{Results}\label{sec:result}
\subsection{Capacity of $3$ user LCBC}
The main result of this work is presented in the following theorem.
\begin{theorem} \label{thm:main}
For the $K=3$ user general LCBC, i.e., LCBC($\mathbb{F}_q,3,d,(m_k,m_k')_{k\in[1:3]},{({\bf V}_k,{\bf V}_k')_{k\in[1:3]}})$, the capacity $C^*= 1/\max\{\Delta_1,\Delta_2\}$, equivalently, the optimal broadcast cost, $\Delta^*= \max\{\Delta_1,\Delta_2\}$ where,
\begin{align}
& \Delta_n \triangleq \max_{(i,j,k)\in \{\mbox{\footnotesize permutations of } (1,2,3)\}} \{\Delta_n^{ijk}\}\label{eq:delta_n},~~~ n \in \{1,2\},\\
\intertext{and}
&\Delta_1^{ijk} \triangleq \rk({\bf V}_1\mid \bV_1') + \rk({\bf V}_2\mid \bV_2') +\rk({\bf V}_3\mid \bV_3')- \rk({\bf U}_{ij}\mid {\bf V}_j') - \rk({\bf U}_{k(i,j)}\mid {\bf V}_k'), \\
&\Delta_2^{ijk} \triangleq \rk({\bf V}_1\mid \bV_1') + \rk({\bf V}_2\mid \bV_2') + \rk({\bf V}_3\mid \bV_3') \notag\\
&\hspace{1cm}- \frac{1}{2} \Bigg(\min_{\ell\in [1:3]} \big(\rk({\bf U}_{123}\mid {\bf V}_\ell')\big) +\rk({\bf U}_{ij},{\bf U}_{ik}\mid {\bf V}_i') +\rk({\bf U}_{j(i,k)}\mid {\bf V}_j') + \rk({\bf U}_{k(i,j)}\mid {\bf V}_k') \Bigg).
\end{align}
\end{theorem}
\noindent The converse for Theorem \ref{thm:main} is proved in Section \ref{sec: Converse}, and the achievability is shown in Section \ref{sec: Achievability}.
\begin{enumerate}[wide, labelindent=1em ,labelwidth=!, labelsep*=1em, leftmargin =0em, style = sameline , label=\it Remark \it\arabic{subsection}.\arabic*]
\item For i.i.d. uniform data ${\bf X}$, the value $\Delta_1^{ijk}$ can be expressed as { $H({\bf W}_i\mid {\bf W}_i')+H({\bf W}_j\mid {\bf W}_i^*,{\bf W}_j')+H({\bf W}_k\mid {\bf W}_i^*, {\bf W}_j^*, {\bf W}_k')$}. Evidently, this is an extension of the converse bound of \cite{Sun_Jafar_CBC} for the $2$-user LCBC, where the converse takes the form $H({\bf W}_i\mid {\bf W}_i')+H({\bf W}_j\mid {\bf W}_i^*,{\bf W}_j')$. Thus, the bound $\Delta^*\geq \Delta_1$ essentially follows from the $2$ user LCBC. However, unlike the $2$ user LCBC, this bound is not tight in general for the $3$ user LCBC, which is why we also need the bound $\Delta^*\geq \Delta_2$. Unlike $\Delta_1$, it is important to note that $\Delta
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] | 1,024 |
ArXiv
| -0.769533 | 1.80716 | -1.501707 | -0.25639 |
_2$ cannot be expressed only in terms of the entropies of various ${\bf W}_i, {\bf W}_i'$. The significance of this observation becomes further evident later in Section \ref{sec:examples}, particularly with Example \ref{ex:2x_efficiency}.
\item The capacity of the $3$ user LCBC can be expressed in various equivalent forms. The form shown in Theorem \ref{thm:main} closely reflects the converse bounds. Indeed, the converse in Section \ref{sec: Converse} directly produces two bounds, one each for $\Delta_1^{ijk}, \Delta_2^{ijk}$. The achievability argument on the other hand, takes a different approach which involves auxiliary parameters (the $\lambda_\bullet$ parameters in Theorem \ref{thm:LP}) representing various design choices. Optimizing the design choices amounts to a linear program, the solution to which yields the same $\Delta^*$ as Theorem \ref{thm:main}. Even though the converse and achievability perspectives ultimately lead to the same $\Delta^*$, their different forms yield different insights. The achievability perspective in particular yields constructive insights into the tradeoffs involved in simultaneously satisfying all $3$ users' demands. The alternative (but equivalent) form of the capacity result is presented from the achievability perspective in Theorem \ref{thm:LP}, but before that we need an intermediate result in Theorem \ref{thm:decomposition} to clarify the relationships between the signal spaces $\bU_1, \bU_2,\bU_3$.
\end{enumerate}
\subsection{Decomposition of $\bU_1, \bU_2, \bU_3$ into Subspaces}
Figure \ref{fig:venn1} shows a general decomposition of $\langle {\bf U}_1\rangle$, $\langle {\bf U}_2\rangle$, $\langle {\bf U}_3\rangle$ into various subspaces. The label assigned to each subspace identifies the corresponding basis representation for that subspace. The figure is similar to, but \emph{not} the same as a Venn's diagram, and the distinction is conceptually significant. The labeled non-overlapping partitions represent disjoint subspaces, as one would expect in a Venn's diagram, with the crucial exception of the three highlighted (yellow) sub-spaces corresponding to bases ${\bB}_{i(j,k)}^{(ij,ik)^c}$. These three yellow subspaces satisfy the property that any two of them are disjoint but the sum of any two subspaces \emph{contains} the third subspace. In fact, the bases may be chosen such that ${\bf B}_{1(2,3)}^{(12,13)^c}+{\bf B}_{2(1,3)}^{(12,23)^c} = {\bf B}_{3(1,2)}^{(13,23)^c}$. The following theorem formalizes the decomposition.
\begin{figure}[t]
\center
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [draw,
circle,
minimum size =3cm, color = olive, thick] (U1) at (0.9,1.5){};
\node [draw,
circle,
minimum size =3cm, color = magenta, thick] (U2) at (0,0){};
\node [draw,
circle,
minimum size =3cm, color = teal, thick] (U3) at (1.8,0){};
\node [draw, dashed,
circle,
minimum size =3.45cm, fill = yellow!40, thick] (D) at (0.9,0.52){};
\node [draw,
circle,
minimum size =1cm, color = blue, thick] (UU1) at (-2,2.4){$\langle {\bf U}_1 \rangle$};
\node [draw,
circle,
minimum size =1cm, color = magenta, thick] (UU2) at (-3,0){$\langle {\bf U}_2 \rangle$};
\node [draw,
circle,
minimum size =1cm, color = teal, thick] (UU3) at (5,0){$\langle {\bf U}_3 \rangle$};
\begin{scope}
\clip (0,0) circle(1.5cm);
\clip (0.9,1.5) circle(1.5cm);
\fill[white](0,
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ArXiv
| 0.237138 | 1.791587 | -0.35494 | 0.891485 |
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| -1.181168 | -0.50971 | -1.817314 | -1.400471 |
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| -1.042598 | -0.170664 | -1.810141 | -1.451066 |
0.9,1.5) circle (1.49cm);
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circle,
minimum size =3.45cm, fill = white, thick] (D) at (0.9,0.52){};
\node [scale=1.5] () at (0.9,1){\tiny $\langle\bU_{1(2,3)}\rangle$};
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\caption{The top of the figure shows the decomposition of $\langle {\bf U}_1\rangle, \langle {\bf U}_2\rangle, \langle {\bf U}_3\rangle$ into subspaces, labeled by corresponding bases, as specified in Theorem \ref{thm:decomposition}. The five blue circles in the bottom row each show $\bU_1$, and highlight the subspaces $\langle\bU_{123}\rangle$, $\langle\bU_{12}\rangle$, $\langle\bU_{13}\rangle$, $\langle[\bU_{12},\bU_{13}]\rangle$ and $\langle\bU_{1(2,3)}\rangle$, respectively.}
\label{fig:venn1}
\end{figure}
\allowdisplaybreaks
\begin{theorem}\label{thm:decomposition} There exist matrices $\bB_{123}$, $\bB_{12}^{123^c}$, $\bB_{23}^{123^c}$, $\bB_{13}^{123^c}$, $\bB_{1(2,3)}^{(12,13)^c}$, $\bB_{2(1,3)}^{(12,23)^c}$, $\bB_{3(1,2)}^{(13,23)^c}$, $\bB_{1c}$, $\bB_{2c}$,$\bB_{3c}$, such that the following properties (P1)-P(20) are satisfied.
\begin{enumerate}[itemsep=-0.3ex, label=\it (P\arabic*)]
\item ${\bB}_{123}$ is a basis of $\langle\bU_{123}\rangle$,
\item $[\bB_{123}, \bB_{12}^{123^c}]$ is a basis of $\langle\bU_{12}\rangle$,
\item $[\bB_{123}, \bB_{13}^{123^c}]$ is a basis of $\langle\bU_{13}\rangle$,
\item $[\bB_{123}, \bB_{23}^{123^c}]$ is a basis of $\langle\bU_{23}\rangle$,
\item $[\bB_{123}, \bB_{12}^{123^c}, \bB_{13}^{123^c}]$ is a basis of $\langle[\bU_{12},\bU_{13}]\rangle$,
\item $[\bB_{123}, \bB_{12}^{123^c}, \bB_{23}^{123^c}]$ is a basis of $\langle[\bU_{12},\bU_{23}]\rangle$,
\item $[\bB_{123}, \bB_{13}^{123^c}, \bB_{23}^{123^c}]$ is a basis of $\langle[\bU_{13},\bU_{23}]\rangle$,
\item $[\bB_{123}, \bB_{12}^{123^c}, \bB_{13}^{123^c}, \bB_{1(2,3)}^{(12,13)^c}]$ is a basis of $\langle\bU_{1(2,3)}\rangle$,
\item $[\bB_{123}, \bB_{12}^{123^c}, \bB_{23}^{123^c}, \bB_{2(1,3)}^{(12,23)^c}]$ is a basis of $\langle\bU_{2(1,3)}\rangle$,
\item $[\bB_{123}, \bB_{13}^{123^c}, \bB_{23}^{123^c
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] | 1,024 |
ArXiv
| -1.030371 | 1.147885 | -1.265001 | -0.51063 |
}, \bB_{3(1,2)}^{(13,23)^c}]$ is a basis of $\langle\bU_{3(1,2)}\rangle$,
\item $[\bB_{123}, \bB_{12}^{123^c}, \bB_{13}^{123^c}, \bB_{1(2,3)}^{(12,13)^c}, \bB_{1c}]$ is a basis of $\langle\bU_1\rangle$,
\item $[\bB_{123}, \bB_{12}^{123^c}, \bB_{23}^{123^c}, \bB_{2(1,3)}^{(12,23)^c}, \bB_{2c}]$ is a basis of $\langle\bU_2\rangle$,
\item $[\bB_{123}, \bB_{13}^{123^c}, \bB_{23}^{123^c}, \bB_{3(1,2)}^{(13,23)^c}, \bB_{3c}]$ is a basis of $\langle\bU_3\rangle$,
\item $[\bB_{123}, \bB_{12}^{123^c}, \bB_{13}^{123^c},\bB_{23}^{123^c}, \bB_{1(2,3)}^{(12,13)^c}, \bB_{2(1,3)}^{(12,23)^c},\bB_{1c}, \bB_{2c}]$ is a basis of $\langle[\bU_1,\bU_2]\rangle$,
\item $[\bB_{123}, \bB_{12}^{123^c}, \bB_{13}^{123^c},\bB_{23}^{123^c}, \bB_{1(2,3)}^{(12,13)^c}, \bB_{3(1,2)}^{(13,23)^c},\bB_{1c}, \bB_{3c}]$ is a basis of $\langle[\bU_1,\bU_3]\rangle$,
\item $[\bB_{123}, \bB_{12}^{123^c}, \bB_{13}^{123^c},\bB_{23}^{123^c}, \bB_{2(1,3)}^{(12,13)^c}, \bB_{3(1,2)}^{(13,23)^c},\bB_{2c}, \bB_{3c}]$ is a basis of $\langle[\bU_2,\bU_3]\rangle$,
\item $[\bB_{123}, \bB_{12}^{123^c}, \bB_{23}^{123^c}, \bB_{13}^{123^c}, \bB_{1(2,3)}^{(12,13)^c}, \bB_{2(1,3)}^{(12,23)^c}, \bB_{1c},\bB_{2c}, \bB_{3c}]$ is a basis of $\langle[\bU_1, \bU_2,\bU_3]\rangle$,
\item $[\bB_{123}, \bB_{12}^{123^c}, \bB_{23}^{123^c}, \bB_{13}^{123^c}, \bB_{1(2,3)}^{(12,13)^c}, \bB_{3(1,2)}^{(13,23)^c}, \bB_{1c},\bB_{2c}, \bB_{3c}]$ is a basis of $\langle[\bU_1, \bU_2,\bU_3]\rangle$,
\item $[\bB_{123}, \bB_{12}^{123^c}, \bB_{23}^{123^c}, \bB_{13}^{123^c}, \bB_{2(1,3)}^{(12,23)^c}, \bB_{3(1,2)}^{(13,23)^c}, \bB_{1c},\bB_{2c}, \bB_{3c}]$
|
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ArXiv
| -1.730015 | 1.153076 | -1.591368 | -1.084252 |