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Effect of gestational losartan and/or pioglitazone therapy on serum levels of TNF-α (panel A) and IL-1β (panel B) in male offspring of PE or PE/LPS dams. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. The One-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey’s post hoc was utilized to measure statistical significance. *p < 0.05 vs. “Control”, + p < 0.05 vs. “PE”, # p < 0.05 vs. “LPS”, $ p < 0.05 vs. PE/LPS, @ p < 0.05 vs. “PE, Los” and & p < 0.05 vs. “PE, Pio” values.
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The location, role and support of the university environment has long been a central theme in research on the factors influencing entrepreneurial intentions. The available resources and the knowledge and the services that can be accessed and directly exploited strengthen self-efficacy and internal locus of control, which is an important factor for entrepreneurial and innovative attitudes . By ensuring this, the innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystem of the university will significantly contribute to strengthening perceived behavioural control. This is supported by the research data and findings which show that specific university support can substantially counteract the negative effects of the internal (cognitive) barriers. Nevertheless, the results in this case do not prove that the university environment has a significant impact on entrepreneurial attitudes. The reason for this may relate to the fact that, for the purposes of the present research, the perceived university environment and the perceived university support were separated and used as two separate variables. Statistically, these could certainly be treated as a single variable, but the literature on university functions and university entrepreneurial activities largely separates these factors, as outlined in the literature review above. This is not a coincidence: internal rules, legislative constraints and management standards often prevent higher education institutions from providing capital, services and marketing support to businesses, and in many cases, it is difficult for universities to participate in the business themselves. Thus, in many cases, an entrepreneur-friendly university environment and a strong entrepreneurial education function are not accompanied by support services to foster student and researcher entrepreneurship connected to the university ecosystem. For this reason (and for more accurate research results), it is worth considering these two areas as separate variables. Yet, it is evident that the two variables move together, with a highly significant covariance between them. In other words, even if a higher education institution provides effective support services, these will only be perceived by students if these are accompanied by a corresponding perceived entrepreneur-friendly university environment. Since we are talking about covariance, the effect is naturally also true in reverse: it is useless to have an entrepreneur-friendly environment on campus if there is a lack of business support services that are present, known and perceived by students.
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A l’ECG les variables suivantes étaient recueillies: fréquence cardiaque de repos, rythme, durée et amplitude de l’onde P, durée de l’espace PR, durée du complexe QRS, l’axe des QRS, index de Sokolov-Lyon, le QT corrigé ainsi que l’aspect de la repolarisation. A l’échocardiographie Doppler Transthoracique de repos, les paramètres suivants ont été recueillis: le diamètre télédiastolique du ventricule gauche (DTDVG) ainsi que le DTDVG indexé, la fraction d’éjection du ventricule gauche (FEVG), les épaisseurs télédiastoliques du Septum Inter Ventriculaire (SIVd) et de la Paroi Postérieure (PPd) du ventricule gauche, le volume télédiastolique de l’oreillette gauche (en 4 et 2 cavités), le calcul de l’épaisseur pariétale relative (h/r) et de la masse ventriculaire gauche. Les paramètres doppler pulsé et tissulaire ont été utilisés pour l’évaluation de la fonction diastolique du ventricule gauche (Em/Am, Em/E’, Ap-Am) et du ventricule droit (l’excursion systolique du plan de l’anneau tricuspide (TAPSE) et onde Sa à l’anneau). Les résultats des enregistrements électrocardiographiques étaient validés par deux cardiologues. Les images échocardiographiques étaient recueillies de façon standardisées et archivées dans l’appareil et les anomalies étaient visionnées et validées par le staff d’échocardiographie. Un prélèvement sanguin était effectué au lendemain de l’interrogatoire et de l’examen clinique après 12h de jeûn pour le dosage de la glycémie, l’hémoglobine glyquée, le cholestérol total, le HDL-cholestérol, LDL-cholestérol et les triglycérides.
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It has long been reported that miRNAs can bind to the 3′-UTR of mRNA to perform their own biological functions 48. So we further probed and found that E2F1 is a direct target of miR-130b-3p. E2F1 mediates regulation of the cell cycle, and its aberrant activation is strongly associated with poor prognosis in a variety of cancers. E2F1 pays great contributions to promote the development and maintains the stemness of tumor cells in gastric cancer, prostate cancer or some other tumors 49, 50. In glioma, E2F1 can be used as a target for miR-205, miR-371 to promote glioma growth and invasion 51, 52. Our results showed that both mRNA and protein levels of E2F1 were up-regulated in GSCs tissues and cells in response to circASPM overexpression, exerting stronger tumor-promoting effects. Subsequent rescue experiments of E2F1 reversed the biological effects produced by circASPM overexpression or knockdown, corroborating that circASPM regulates E2F1 expression by acting as a ceRNA for miR-130b-3p.
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Worms were mated on day 3 of adulthood for 24 hr. 20–30 worms of each group were imaged by Nikon Eclipse 90i on day 5 of adulthood. Image J was used to measure the mean and the maximum GFP intensity of the whole body area. T−test analysis was performed to compare the GFP intensity of different group of worms.
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One of the most important topics in human behaviour research is human emotions, due to the central role that they play in many background processes, such as perception, decision-making, creativity, memory and social interaction . Given the presence that VR provokes in users, it has been suggested as a powerful means of evoking emotions in laboratory environments . In one of the first confirmatory studies into the efficacy of immersive VR as an affective medium, Baños et al. showed that emotion has an impact on presence. Subsequently, many other similar studies showed that VR can evoke emotions, such as anxiety and relaxation , positive valence in obese children taking exercise , arousal in natural environments, such as parks , and different moods in social environments featuring avatars .
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It is paramount to collect clinical data and medical history of the patients when performing a cognitive evaluation study in chronic renal patients. Such data becomes fundamental, since cognitive dysfunction may be present even before the establishment of CKD, and the change is caused by the underlying diseases, comorbidities and/or diseases of the patient's history. In the same way that the kidney, when exposed to a high blood flow volume, may present lesions, the brain may be equally susceptible to these vascular damages and microvascular pathologies.3 Diabetes mellitus, another disease that is a risk factor for the development of CKD, also causes a certain level of impairment of some cognitive functions over the years of illness,23 with glycemic control being the cause of severe neurological injuries.24
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The application of network analysis to policy-related texts has recently been the subject of significant research. However, in contrast to the approach proposed in this study, existing methods require preliminary human annotation of documents68, which may be impractical, too costly, or affected by subjective biases of the analysts. The combination of NLP methods and network analysis presented here proved effective to map relationships among SDGs as they emerge empirically from reports by policymakers and scientists; to measure interdependencies between SDGs in official policy documents; and to detect points of convergence and misalignment between international policy discourse and scientific research. These methods provide a novel lens and toolkit in the ongoing effort to quantify SDG interlinkages, identify coherent clusters of integrated SDGs, and monitor SDG progress and interactions over time3,10,47. Advances in these methods, such as aspect-based sentiment analysis69, could even provide a means of automatically quantifying synergies and trade-offs and contribute to on-going efforts to develop longitudinal measures of SDG progress. The computational techniques we adopted will become particularly important as the number of policy reports and scientific publications about sustainable development continues to grow, exceeding human capacity to exhaustively inspect and annotate this literature, and requiring tools to complement human reading, extract quantitative measures from text, and automate the detection of new insights.
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En 1978, Allgrove et all rapportent pour la première fois le cas de deux frères et deux sœurs, issus d'un mariage consanguin qui présentent une achalasie, une déficience de l'axe glucocorticoïde, et un défaut de sécrétion lacrymale, leur permettant de définir cette combinaison comme étant un trouble héréditaire familial connu sous le nom du syndrome d'Allgrove ou syndrome des 3 A [3, 4]. Dans les années suivantes, un certain nombre d'auteurs ont publié des rapports similaires qui ont contribué à définir les principaux caractéristiques de ce syndrome [3, 4].
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The raw IDE file generated by the Slam Stick X™ was converted to calibrated MAT (MATLAB, The Mathworks, Natick, MA) files using the ide2csv.exe command line utility (Mide Technology Corp.) using the factory calibration. Note that data calibration and export functions can also be performed directly using Slam Stick Lab. Here we focus on data from the DC accelerometer. We note that temperature varied less than 1 °C and pressure showed a typical regulated profile and was highly stable during parabolas (Supplementary Fig. 5).
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Cabar FR (main researcher) conceived, designed and performed the study.Teshima DR collected data and wrote the manuscript. Pereira PP analyzed the data. Antonangelo L performed the experiments. Schultz R performed the pathological analysis. Francisco RP analyzed the data and revised the manuscript.
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As central guardian of lipid homeostasis, liver orchestrates the de novo synthesis of FA, TG, and PL and regulates their export and successive redistribution to other tissues. These processes are closely regulated by complex interactions between transcriptional factors, hormones and nuclear receptors (NR). This study reveals that pre-gestational, gestational and lactational MO influence hepatic lipid synthesis pathways differently in the F and M offspring, which is leading to more severe metabolic dysfunctions in M than in F (Fig. 6k, l). Our in vivo results demonstrate that MO induces hepatic TG remodeling in the offspring in a sex-dependent manner, whereby fPUL levels were induced in HF/C M and reduced in HF/C F. In contrast, fSL levels were reduced in HF/C M and increased in HF/C F when compared to C/C group. When born from obese mothers, F livers contained more odd and short chain TG and MUFA, while M liver displayed more of the long chain TG and PUFA. These changes in lipid metabolism induced by MO were irreversible and could not be rescued through post-weaning feeding of a CD. This indicates that these changes are imposed on the offspring in utero. Induction of hepatic SFA and reduction of PUFA were found in insulin-sensitive as opposed to insulin-resistant primates25. Increased levels of odd-chain-numbered SFA have been associated with hepatic health, while long chain FA have been linked to impaired liver function26 due to increase of re-esterification instead of oxidation of FA27. These new findings would support the idea that F regulate and metabolize lipids differently than M and give F stronger protection from metabolic complications when born from obese mothers.
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For the individual analysis, using an analogy between the decrease in the average trading volume after the opening of the market and the relaxation observed after earthquakes and avalanches in complex systems, we have adjusted the initial part of the average trading volume curve with a power-law and verified that the market changed its early trading behaviour after the second semester of 2008, i.e., the climax of the subprime crises. Explicitly, we have found that μ˜(t<100;s) was decaying more slowly before 2S08 than it started taking place after that semester. That change—which we have corroborated employing different statistical tests—translates into the following figures: before 2S08 the market was taking 10 minutes to reach an average trading volume that was half of its value in the first minute whereas after 2S08 the time needed to get half of the opening trading volume value slid to 6 minutes, a drop of 40%. Within the period our data accounts for, the modifications with major potential impact on trading we have been able to find correspond to the withdrawal of the “uptick rule” in 2007 and its reintroduction upon revision in 2010 . Looking at the figures of α, we have recognised that the value of the exponent did not change until 2S08; equivalently, after the reinstitution of those rules, the relaxation exponent has kept its post-2S08 value. Thence, we have assigned the change in the value of α to an effective modification in the trading conduct by agents after the crisis. That claim is bolstered by the analysis of the behaviour towards the ringing of the bell at 16:30; by adjusting the last part of the μ˜(t;s) with a power-law we have found a monotonic increase in the value of the exponent followed by a crossover in the first semester of 2007. In other words, the changes in the rules for short-selling are likely to have affected the closing of the session and had negligible impact on the opening.
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Table 4 Table 4Items used to measure crying proneness (short version of the Adult Crying Inventory part A)DutchEnglish1. Ik huil als ik droevig ben.I cry when I feel sad2. Ik huil als ik me schaam.I cry when I feel embarrassed3. Ik huil als ik me gelukkig voel.I cry when I feel happy4. Ik huil als ik me opgelucht voel.I cry when I feel relieved5. Ik huil als ik me machteloos voel. (je hebt het gevoel dat je iets naars niet kunt veranderen)I cry when I feel powerless (you feel like you cannot change something bad)6. Ik huil als iemand mij beledigt of kwetst.I cry when someone insults me7. Ik huil als ik bang ben.I cry when I feel anxious8. Ik huil als ik kwaad ben.I cry when I feel sad9. Ik huil als ik iets zielig vindt voor iemand.I cry when I pity someone10. Ik huil als ik iets zielig of vervelend vindt voor mezelf.I cry when I pity myself11. Ik huil als ik pijn heb.I cry when I am in pain12. Ik huil als ik me wanhopig voel.I cry when I feel desperate13. Ik huil als ik me in de steek gelaten voel.I cry when I feel abandoned14. Ik huil als ik me schuldig voel.I cry when I feel guilty15. Ik huil als ik trots ben.I cry when I feel proud16. Ik huil als ik me eenzaam (alleen) voel.I cry when I feel lonely17. Ik huil als ik ontroerd ben (je vindt iets mooi of lief).I cry when I feel moved (you find something beautiful or sweet)18. Ik huil als ik mijn zin niet krijg.a I cry when I do not get my waya aThis item was added for the current research
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Organization of each CENP-A-enriched island corresponding to centromere candidates: (A) CenX, (B) Cen4; (C) CenY; (D) Cen3; (E) Cen2. Different repeat families are color coded (see legend; note that Jockey elements are shown in one color even though they are distinct elements). Shown are the normalized CENP-A enrichment over input (plotted on a log scale) from one replicate (replicate 2, other replicates are in S4 Fig) colored in gray for simple repeats and black for complex island sequences. Although the mapping quality scores are high in simple repeat regions, we do not use these data to make inferences about CENP-A distribution (see text for details). The coordinates of the significantly CENP-A-enriched ChIPtigs mapped to these contigs (black), and the predicted ChIP peaks (orange) are shown below each plot. See also S4 Fig and S3 and S4 Tables. Cen2, centromere 2; Cen3, centromere 3; Cen4, centromere 4; CENP-A, centromere protein A; CenX, X centromere; CenY, Y centromere; ChIP, chromatin immunoprecipitation; IGS, intergenic spacer of the ribosomal genes; LTR, long terminal repeat; Prodsat, Prod satellite.
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Sulla base di numerose evidenze scientifiche e di considerazioni epidemiologiche, sembra che il raggiungimento di adeguati livelli plasmatici di Vitamina D sia necessario anzitutto per prevenire le numerose patologie croniche che possono ridurre l’aspettativa di vita nelle persone anziane, ma anche per determinare una maggiore resistenza all’infezione COVID-19 che, sebbene con minore evidenza scientifica, può essere considerata verosimile. (Isaia and Medico, 2020, p.1)a
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本meta分析的局限性在于：①虽然Begg’s检验显示本meta分析不存在明显发表偏倚，但只有两项研究[15, 21]提及具体随机方法，随机序号均由计算机数字生成器产生。7项研究均未提及分配隐藏。即使使用了正确的随机方法，如果未对随机序列进行合理隐藏，依然会在纳入患者时产生选择偏倚，影响研究结果的真实性。本研究中部分指标，如有效率、厌食、恶心、呕吐、腹泻、衰弱乏力等均为主观测量指标，其真实的测量结果依赖于该指标测量人员是否正确使用盲法，纳入的7项研究中仅有一项研究采用双盲，因此可能存在实施和测量偏倚。1项研究未报道数据缺失且未进行ITT，可能引起失访偏倚；②7项研究中DP方案与VP方案的化疗剂量和周期不尽相同，可能对最终测量结果有影响；③纳入各研究的基线不完全相同对结果可能存在影响，纳入的文献来自美国、日本、法国、中国、新加坡、意大利，尚需其他国家和地区高质量的RCTs进一步证实；④纳入研究的病例数有限，且部分评价指标存在异质性，如3级/4级白细胞减少、3级/4级中性粒细胞减少、3级/4级厌食、3级/4级恶心及3级/4级呕吐，可能对结果的客观性有一定影响；⑤仅有一项研究报道了经济学指标，建议今后临床研究：①试验前进行严格的试验设计，以减少偏倚；②采用客观、国际认可的终点疗效指标，并按照CONSORT标准报告试验结果。
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Human embryonic kidney cells expressing doxycycline (Dox) inducible full length human tau (2N4R) with the P301L mutation (HEK P301L) ( and Additional file 1: Figure S1) were cultured in DMEM (Invitrogen) with 10% fetal bovine serum (Invitrogen), 2 mM glutamine, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 μg/mL streptomycin. 1 μg/mL Dox was added into the culture media to induce human tau expression 24 h prior to transfection and ADan oligomer treatment. Human wild-type (WT) BRI2 and BRI2 bearing the Danish mutation were cloned into a pcDNA3.1 vector (Invitrogen). The sequences were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. All plasmids were transfected with Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) and incubated for 48 h. For ADan oligomer treatment, human Tau expression was induced by 1 μg/mL Dox in HEK P301L cells for 24 h, the cells were treated with 200 nM ADan oligomers, monomers, or PBS for 8 h. All measurements were made in triplicates.
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Bei RPA handelt es sich um Software-Roboter, die es ermöglichen, repetitive und regelbasierte Aufgaben zu automatisieren (Syed et al. 2020). Typischerweise findet RPA Anwendung in Prozessen, in denen die Mitarbeiter vor einer Prozessautomatisierung beispielsweise Daten aus unterschiedlichen digitalen oder analogen Medien entgegennehmen, diese verarbeiten, um sie anschließend in bestehende Systeme einzugeben (Willcocks et al. 2015). RPA imitiert die menschlichen Interaktionen auf den Bedieneroberflächen der IT-Systeme und automatisiert die Dateneingabe und den Datenaustausch systemübergreifend (Syed et al. 2020). RPA verfolgt das Ziel „in konstanter Art und Weise bessere Resultate mit weniger Aufwand zu erbringen“ (D’Onofrio und Meinhardt 2020). Mithilfe von RPA wird die flexible Anpassung an Kapazitätsbedarfe und Arbeitsbelastungen angestrebt (Plattfaut 2019). Diese Technologie kann dabei vergleichsweise niedrigschwellige, schnell zu implementierende und kostengünstige Lösungen bieten (Syed et al. 2020). Durch die Vorteile von RPA – Kosteneinsparungen, Schnelligkeit, Erhöhung von Genauigkeit bei der Ausführung von wiederkehrenden Prozessen – werden Mitarbeiter entlastet, Fehlerquellen reduziert und mögliche Geschäftsverluste kompensiert (Koch et al. 2020). Darüber hinaus können plötzliche Bedarfsschwankungen, die seitens der Pandemie durch unvorhersehbare Maßnahmen auftreten, mittels einer hohen Skalierbarkeit von RPA abgefangen werden (Plattfaut 2019). Administrative Aufgaben werden schneller, genauer und unermüdlicher erledigt (Koch et al. 2020).
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The pseudomonas phage ϕ6 (DSM-21518) was obtained from DSZM. The bacteriophage was grown in cultures of its specific host bacterium Pseudomonas syringae. Generally, all culturing steps took place at 25°C for 20 h on an orbital shaker at 222 rpm. The bacteriophage ϕ6 was shipped on filter paper; half of the paper was placed onto a TSB-agar plate. In a reaction tube, 0.1 mL Pseudomonas syringae working solution (see below), 0.1 mL phage buffer, and 4 mL TSB-soft agar were mixed, poured over the paper on the plate, and incubated at 25°C. The next day, a single plaque colony was identified and transferred into 50 μL of phage buffer, mixed, and pipetted into 42 mL of a liquid culture of Pseudomonas syringae and incubated for 20 h at 25°C at 222 rpm. The bacteriophage-containing supernatant was recovered by centrifugation (5,594 × g, 30 min) and passed through a 0.45-μm filter. The filtrate was supplemented with glycerine to 20% (vol/vol), aliquoted, and stored at –80°C until further use.
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Although age was a covariate forced into the model, surprisingly this was not a statistically significant predictor of infection. This is likely due to the fact that working status, which is a proxy of functional status and overall health, was also included and adjusted for in the model, with retired participants associated with twice the odds of serious infection than participants who were working. The predictor with the highest strength of association with serious infection was treatment with infliximab. In separate time‐to‐event analyses, participants on infliximab in BADBIR13 and the Psoriasis Longitudinal Assessment and Registry, a large U.S.A.‐based psoriasis registry,14 also found that infliximab was associated with a higher risk of serious infection.
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Die Auswahl der Immuntherapie sollte sich an den prädiktiven Parametern orientieren, wobei aktuell in erster Linie i) der MRT-Befund (Anzahl sowie Lokalisation von Läsionen), aber auch ii) Ausmaß der Rückbildung des Schubes, iii) die multifokale Präsentation und iv) liquorspezifische oligoklonale Banden bzw. chronisch-entzündliche Liquorveränderungen zu nennen sind.
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Only 55% (n = 157/283) of women were ever accompanied by their male partners, while 45% always attended alone. We thus looked at correlates of male partner attendance to understand who is not utilizing the service (Table 2). In the univariate analyses, women who were 35 years or older, unemployed, of a higher income or HIV-negative were more likely to attend the clinic with their male partner. Conversely, women with male partners who were HIV-negative or of unknown status or male partners who have living children were less likely to be accompanied by their male partner. In multivariate analysis, female unemployment and higher income remained associated with male partner attendance. HIV-negative women had a 44% higher prevalence of male partner attendance than HIV-positive women (PR: 1.44, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23–1.68, p < 0.001) and correspondingly women with male partners who were HIV-negative or of an unknown status were 41% less likely to attend the clinic with a male partner (PR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.46–0.77, p < 0.001). Women whose partners already had a living child remained less likely to attend the safer conception clinic with their male partner. In a separate exploratory analysis assessing the importance of serodynamics rather than individual HIV status, serodiscordance was not associated with male partner attendance (results not shown). Table 2.Correlates of male partner engagement in safer conception services among women enrolled in care at Sakh’umndeni (n = 283)CharacteristicsPrevalence ratio (95% CI)p-ValueAdjusted prevalence ratio (95% CI)p-ValueFemale partner characteristicsAge <35 yearsREF REF ≥35 years1.25 (1.00–1.55)0.0471.03 (0.84–1.27)0.757Employment Employed0.73 (0.59–0.89)0.0020.75 (0.62–0.91)0.003 UnemployedREF REF Incomea Monthly income < USD 350REF REF Monthly income ≥ USD 3501.25 (1.02–1.55)0.0361.26 (1.04–1.54)0.021Education Primary or belowREF Some high school0.86 (0.66–1.12)0.265 Matriculated high school0.96 (0.74–1.26)0.795 Nationality South African0.99 (0.80–1.23)0.962 Non-native South AfricanREF Has any living children Yes1.10 (0.89–1.38)0.362 NoREF HIV status HIV-positiveREF REF HIV-negative1.95 (1.70–2.24)<0.0011.44 (1.23–1.68)<0.001Couple and male partner characteristicsbCouple has a child togethera Yes1.00 (0.79–1.27)0.985 NoREF Male partner >5 years older than womana Yes1.17 (0.95–1.44)0.131 NoREF Relationship duration, yearsa1.01 (0.99–1.03)0.312 Male partner has any living childrena Yes0.73 (0.60–0.89)0.0020.72 (0.60–0.86)<0.001 NoREF REF Male HIV status HIV-positiveREF REF HIV-negative/unknown0.51 (0.39–0.66)<0.0010.59 (0.46–0.77)<0.001CI: confidence interval.aMissing data: income (n = 3), couple has a child together (n = 5), male partner age (n = 3), relationship duration (n = 5) and male partner has any living children (n = 9). Final multivariate model, n = 271.bWomen whose partners did not attend the clinic reported characteristics of their male partners.
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The aim of the training was maximizing the AUC in receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis for the binary classification into N0/1 vs. N2/3. The highest mean AUC of all 10 test folds was used to identify the best model. In addition, all trained models were fitted to the whole training + test dataset and validated using the validation cohort, which was set aside as a hold-out dataset.
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É possível que uma intervenção no sal de adição em um número maior de refeições assim como, por um período mais longo, apresente maior eficácia que a encontrada em nossos resultados. Uma metanálise de estudos que avaliaram intervenções para redução na ingestão de sal, demonstrou que, um período de até cinco semanas para indivíduos hipertensos e até quatro semanas para normotensos é insuficiente para obter o efeito máximo da redução da PA.18 No nosso estudo, a opção de quatro semanas de intervalo entre cada nível de redução do sal de adição teve o propósito de manter uma boa adesão à intervenção proposta.
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En las instituciones de salud no se incluyen de manera rutinaria las pruebas de diagnóstico molecular y muchos de los métodos diagnósticos empleados en los pacientes con síndrome febril agudo se centran en la malaria y el dengue, a pesar de que en los países tropicales se ha demostrado la circulación de otros agentes infecciosos relacionados con dicho síndrome (5,6).
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Werden Studierende als Kursentwickelnde im Rahmen ihrer Hochschulbildung aktiv, profitieren sie durch den Erwerb von Medien- und digitalen Kompetenzen. Zeitgleich können entstandene Onlinekurse durch Studierende als Referenzprojekte betrachtet werden, welche nicht – wie es bei Seminararbeiten die gängige Praxis ist – lediglich von Lehrenden gelesen werden, sondern einem breiten Zielpublikum zugänglich sind. Auf der Seite der Lernenden sind die Vorteile insbesondere mit der Möglichkeit verbunden, durch den kostenfreien Zugang Nutzungsbarrieren abzubauen, mit dem Ziel, die systematische Ausgrenzung von einkommensschwachen Gruppen zu vermeiden. Sozialen Ungleichheiten werden so im digitalen Bildungsbereich entgegengewirkt. Durch die globale Nutzung und dem kostenfreien Zugang bieten sich Vorteile nicht nur für sozial schwache Schichten in entwickelten Ländern, sondern auch für Lernende aus Entwicklungsländern.
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Der Ablauf der Open-Data-Hackathon-Lehrveranstaltung ist in Tab. 1 dargestellt. Bis auf das Hackathon-Wochenende war der grundlegende Ablauf in Präsenz und online identisch. Über das Semester verteilt fanden drei Veranstaltung statt, in denen das Konzept und formale Rahmenbedingungen sowie die inhaltlichen Grundlagen in das jeweilige Thema vorgestellt wurden. Durch diese vor- und nachbereitenden Sitzungen sollte die nötige inhaltliche Substanz sichergestellt werden (vgl. Warner und Guo 2017). Alle Teilnehmer haben ein eigenes Thema entwickelt und dieses an einem weiteren Termin im Rahmen eines Pitchs vorgestellt. Erst im Anschluss konnten sich die Teilnehmer zu Gruppen zusammenfinden und am Hackathon-Wochenende an einem gemeinsamen Thema arbeiten. Teilweise sind mehrere Ideen aus der Pitch-Phase in eine gemeinsame Projektidee eingeflossen. Das Hackathon-Wochenende wurde für den Online-Hackathon weiter an den Anfang des Wochenendes vorgezogen und die Bearbeitungszeit verkürzt, um eine Überlastung der Lehrenden und Teilnehmenden zu vermeiden (vgl. Porras et al. 2018).VergleichskriteriumPräsenzOnlineRahmenbedingungenTermine in PräsenzHackathon-Wochenende vor Ort in einem Innovation LabDurchführung komplett onlinevia WebexAblaufEinführung (3 Termine)Pitches (1 Termin)Hackathon-Wochenende (Freitagabend bis Sonntagnachmittag)Hackathon-Wochenende (Freitagmorgen bis Samstagmittag)Nachbesprechung (1 Termin)ThemaVerwendung und Aufbereitung von offenen Datenquellen. Dabei Lösung eines konkreten Problems oder Herstellung von TransparenzVerwendung und Aufbereitung von offenen Datenquellen unter Verwendung von AR/VR sowie Einbeziehung rechtlicher RahmenbedingungenSozialer Zusammenhalt während des HackathonsGemeinsamer Start und gemeinsamer Abschluss mit ErgebnisvorstellungAlle Teilnehmer in einem großen Lab-Raum mit eigenen Arbeitsbereichen Gemeinsames Pizza-EssenGemeinsamer Webex Raum sowie separate GruppenräumeCare-Paket vorab mit gleichem Inhalt, Schlummertrunk, etc
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Thicker edges represent stronger absolute correlations. Left: true network of partial correlations (blue), with 8 connections, no triangles. Middle: associated pairwise correlation network, with erroneous direct connections (red) that form 84 triangles. Right: pruned network of 8 strongest pairwise correlations, with two isolated nodes (yellow) and two erroneous connections (red) that form 2 triangles (2-3-8 and 3-7-8). Comparing the true partial correlation network on the left with the pruned pairwise correlation network on the right, which consists of the same number of edges as the underlying network, three differences stand out. Firstly, indirect connections may appear as direct connections (i.e., nodes 2–8 and nodes 3–7). This results in an excessive number of triangles, affecting network measures such as small-worldness. Secondly, while the true network is connected (i.e., there exists a path between each pair of nodes), pruned pairwise correlation networks tend to consist of isolated (groups of) nodes (i.e., nodes 1 and 9). Thirdly, the number of connections of a node may differ from the true number of connections (e.g., node 3 has four instead of three edges). In larger networks, hub nodes may emerge erroneously.
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As of May 2008, 10 to 15 clinics join each meeting. At each of these, there are between one and 10 participants, with an average of three. Where the participants at a local clinic congregate for a teleconference meeting depends on how many participants there are. If only a small number, then they usually sit in front of a computer in an office. If there are more than two or three participants, then usually a meeting room with a projector is used.
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The Portuguese national entomological surveillance programme (ESP) made 5,650 valid light-trap catches on 212 farms in mainland Portugal between 2005 and 2010. This period also covered substantial BTV activity in mainland Portugal. The data presented here extend the known range of C. imicola in Portugal, improve our understanding of the seasonal activity of Culicoides vectors of livestock disease and potential climatic factors in Culicoides activity, and improve our knowledge of the activity of important vector species during the winter period. We also provide the data collected (S1 Table) to support future research by other groups. Culicoides are important vectors for a range of pathogens causing diseases with veterinary and public health importance including BTV, AHSV, epizootic haemorrhagic disease (EHDV), filarial diseases and the recently-discovered SBV. We therefore hope that our data and analyses can be useful for future studies of Culicoides and Culicoides-borne disease and are able to support the design of strategies to prevent their spread in the country.
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Composée d´un total de 380 patients drépanocytaires ayant consulté le CRDL de l´an 2015 à 2017 soit 3 ans dont 291 avaient présenté des complications infectieuses, parmi lesquelles 35 avaient des infections ostéo-articulaires diagnostiquées. Ils proviennent des 7 communes de la ville de Lubumbashi mais aussi de ses environs et en dehors (Likasi, Kindu, Kasumbalesa) et en dehors du pays (Ndola-Zambie) et sont retenus pour cette étude selon les critères de sélection ci-dessous:
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Se realizó análisis descriptivo de las características sociodemográficas de cada comunidad y de las características de interés para la evaluación metodológica del diagnóstico de salud con enfoque ecosistémico. Los análisis descriptivos se efectuaron utilizando el paquete estadístico Stata (v12.1; Stata Corp., College Station, TX, USA).
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Earlier, the overall clinical picture of dementia in the mutigenerational family 1270 was reported to be compatible with AD (Fig. 1, Fig. S1) [65, 76]. However, at the time of diagnosis of the index patient and of the affected relatives, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and amyloid brain imaging were not available. Also, there was no autopsied brain available to obtain a definite diagnosis of dementia subtype based on neuropathology. Previous genetic analyses in the linked locus 7q36 in family 1270 identified seven variants in five different genes: ATP-binding cassette subfamily F, member 2 (ABCF2); N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 11 (GALNT11); DPP6; PAX transcription activation domain interacting protein (PAXIP1) and Engrailed 2 (EN2), which were segregating on the disease haplotype in family 1270 . Most of these variants were synonymous and only the PAXIP1 p.A660 variant was absent from control individuals . Current public genetic data (e.g., ExAc) , showed different nucleotide changes in PAXIP1, leading to the same silent variant (p.A660), making it unlikely that the PAXIP1 variant has a deleterious effect. Further, we found no evidence for aberrant splicing of PAXIP1 in lymphoblast cells of patients .Fig. 1Segregation of DPP6 in family 1270. Segregation analysis of three rare variants identified in WGS data in intron 1 of DPP6 (hg18 variant 1 g.153577081 A>G, variant 2 g.153737600 C>T; rs567013292 and variant 3 g.153744958 G>T) delimited by the STR markers D7S798 and D7S2546. Black bars represent the disease haplotype of patients. Numbers within each diamond are unaffected individuals, non-carriers of the disease haplotype included in the genotyping. Arabic numbers above the symbols denote individuals, Arabic numbers below the symbols denote age at onset for patients or either age at last examination or age at death for unaffected individuals. The arrow identifies the proband in the family. WGS data were generated for patients III-12, III-38, III-41, and III-48 from three different sib ships of the pedigree. Direct long-read WGS on Oxford Nanopore PromethION sequencer was performed for III-48. Directional genomic hybridization was performed in cell lines derived from patient III-48 (Fig. 3) and from the non-carriers III-23 and III-39
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Ideally, research studies should recruit a diverse population of participants that will represent the population from which the sample is drawn. However, multiple studies have shown that physician factors may play a role in participation in research studies. Understanding the role of these factors may help in the design of the recruitment process. While we found some physician and practice factors to be associated with participation, many were not. This suggests that our recruitment efforts resulted in a sample that was reasonably representative of the larger population.
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Although much more research needs to be done, this study suggests that quantum-like inferences could be used as a way to complement inferences in classical models. This can have high impact in several domains where machine learning plays an important role (for instance, in medical decision-making or even in portfolio optimisation ).
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To investigate the effects of TQ on M. tuberculosis replication in Raw 264.7 cells, confluent cell layers grown overnight in 96-well plates were infected with H37Rv and XDR-TB at an MOI of 1:1 and treated with TQ at concentrations ranging from 3.13 to 25 μg/mL with the first-line drug isoniazid (INH) in different concentrations according to another experiment (data not shown here). Cells were washed and collected 72 h post-infection (p.i.), and their direct antimicrobial activity on intracellular M. tuberculosis H37Rv and XDR-TB were measured by a colony-forming unit (CFU) assay. The number of CFUs was analyzed by harvesting bacteria at 72 h post-infection followed by plating on 7H10 agar plates, where surviving colonies were enumerated as CFU/mL. TQ reduced the titers of M. tuberculosis H37Rv and XDR-TB in a concentration-dependent manner (Fig. 1a and b).Fig. 1In vitro efficacy data showing the intracellular killing effect of TQ in M. tuberculosis-infected macrophages. Raw 264.7 macrophages were infected with H37Rv and XDR-TB for 2 h at an MOI of 1:10 at 37 °C with 5% CO2 followed by drug treatment for 3 days. a H37Rv burden (log10 CFU) in H37Rv-infected macrophages after TQ and INH treatment. b XDR-TB burden (log10 CFU) in H37Rv-infected cells after TQ and INH treatment. Data represent the mean ± SD of 3 independent experiments done in triplicate. *P < 0.05 by Student’s t-test. In acid-fast staining, methylene blue was used to stain macrophages, while red colored carbol fuchsin stains the bacteria. c-I Uninfected RAW 264.7 cells. c-II RAW 264.7 cells infected with H37Rv. d-I Uninfected RAW 264.7 cells. d-II RAW 264.7 cells infected with XDR-TB. Raw 264.7 macrophages were infected with GFP-H37Ra for 3 h at an MOI of 1:1 at 37 °C with 5% CO2 followed by drug treatment for 5 days. e Comparative TQ efficacy in an in vitro model, along with INH
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A new locus associated with age at menarche (AAM) that falls in the region under the chromosome 2 linkage signal was recently uncovered, tagged by rs6758290 at 105.8 Mb . Examining our families for shared variants in this region failed to reveal compelling evidence for low-frequency mutation that would explain the tendency toward pubertal delay. Investigation of the raw sequencing data for the SISu exome project revealed that this region of the genome is likely to be difficult to sequence, since only one variant in LD with the AAM-associated SNP could be detected with a low call-rate of 19% and an average read-depth of 2. On the other hand, the SNPs in this region were sequenced successfully in our study, with an average call depth across all families of between 13 and 54 reads per marker.
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In Table 2, the intra-observer kappa coefficients are specified for each observer. Observer 1 had substantially higher values (kappa coefficient ranging from 0.87 to 0.99) than the other two observers.Table 2Intra-observer weighted kappa coefficients for each observer and each TAPS-Phy item and TAPS-Phy total score. All values achieved statistical significance (p < 0.01)Observer 1Observer 2Observer 3TAPS-Phy 10.930.480.37TAPS-Phy 20.910.520.63TAPS-Phy 30.870.560.35TAPS-Phy total0.990.430.41
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Gli studi condotti nel corso delle precedenti epidemie di SARS e MERS hanno evidenziato che i pazienti con infezione da coronavirus sviluppano una potente risposta immune di tipo umorale con comparsa di IgG, IgM e IgA specifiche. Le IgM raggiungono il picco nel siero durante la fase di infezione per poi diminuire e dare luogo a una crescita del titolo di IgG durante la fase di convalescenza. Queste ultime rappresentano la principale risposta neutralizzante contro il COVID-19, tale da aver suggerito il trattamento di pazienti critici con il plasma di pazienti convalescenti .
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Upregulation of renal Shp2 expression upon LPS challenge led us to hypothesize that Shp2 may play a role in signaling events following LPS-induced podocyte injury. To that end, we generated mice with podocyte-specific Shp2 deletion as detailed in methods. Podocyte Shp2 knockout mice (hereafter termed pod-Shp2 KO) appeared healthy and with no gross defects in the kidneys. Deletion of Shp2 was confirmed using PCR, biochemical and immuno-histochemical approaches. The recombined Shp2 product was detected only in kidneys of pod-Shp2 KO mice (Fig. 2a). In addition, immunoblots of primary podocytes from control and pod-Shp2 KO mice demonstrated ablation of Shp2 in knockout mice (Fig. 2b). Shp2 expression was comparable in other tissues (adipose, liver, and muscle) of control and knockout mice suggesting specificity of deletion. Moreover, immunostaining of Shp2 and synaptopodin in kidney sections of control and pod-Shp2 KO mice further demonstrated deletion of Shp2 in podocytes of knockout mice (Fig. 2c). Collectively, these data demonstrate efficient and specific deletion of Shp2 in podocytes and establish pod-Shp2 KO mice as a suitable model to investigate the potential contribution of Shp2 to LPS-induced renal injury.Figure 2Efficient and specific deletion of Shp2 in podocytes. (a) Genomic DNA was extracted from tissues (as indicated) of control (Ctrl) and pod-Shp2 knockout (KO) mice. Deletion of the floxed allele was detected by PCR, and GAPDH served as a loading control. (b) Immunoblots of Shp2 protein expression in isolated primary podocytes, adipose (epididymal fat), liver and muscle from Ctrl and KO mice. Tubulin and synaptopodin (Synpo, for podocytes) presented as loading controls. (c) Immunostaining of Shp2 (green) and synaptopodin (red) in kidney sections from Ctrl and KO mice. Scale bar: 50 µm.
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In the postoperative period following LC, bleeding can manifest as either an internal bleeding (consequence of an intra-operatively missed vessel injury, from slipped clips/ ligatures over the cystic artery, or from the liver bed) or external bleeding (from the port sites). External bleeds usually manifest after surgery, with soakage of dressings or visible bleeding from port sites, and may require reoperation to salvage patients who do not respond to conservative measures. For patients having internal bleeding, it is difficult to establish the site of bleeding, and such patients may need re-exploration for its control. Surprisingly, despite there being a large volume of data on LC in literature, not much is available on the incidence of postoperative bleeding after LC, the indications for operating such patients, and the operative findings. Persisting pain, tachycardia, fall in haemoglobin and blood pressure and obtundation should alert one to the possibility of bleeding even in the absence of external bleeding, and these patients need to be evaluated carefully for their response to conservative means and the need for surgery.
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Colon cancer (CC), also known as colorectal or bowel cancer, is the third most frequent malignant cancer, and more than 65 percent of CC cases are found in developed countries (Kotaka et al., 2018). Aging is the most critical risk factor for CC, and other risk factors for CC include obesity, smoking, drinking, lack of physical activity, inflammatory bowel diseases, and inherited genetic disorders (Board, 2002; Theodoratou, Timofeeva, Li, Meng, & Ioannidis, 2017). CC limited to the colon wall may be cured by surgical resection, whereas there is no curative treatment for CC patients present with metastatic disease. Chemotherapy is often used for clinical CC treatment, whereas drug resistance is a frequent occurrence. Therefore, there are urgent needs for investigating the underlying mechanisms of CC progression and chemotherapy resistance to develop new potent therapies for CC treatment.
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Pre-thresholding CSCAs can provide impressive gains in spectral resolution at small pixel sizes, though the requirement that dw << dt limits the acceptable count rates in a similar way to using larger pixels . Selection of a CSCA for a given task is a non-trivial process, with poor CSCA selection able to significantly decrease performance when compared with the uncorrected case. Detailed simulation studies in which CSCAs were parameterised by neighbourhood size, neighbourhood localisation methods, and a reconstruction approach have been conducted that show that the optimal CSCA depends on a range of physical parameters, such as the pixel pitch and the sensor thickness, as well as the intended X-ray flux at which the system will be operated . These simulations also revealed that whilst a CSCA that groups P × P pixels of size Y µm × Y µm can maintain the spatial resolution of Y µm × Y µm pixels, its spectral performance is not as good as if the pixels were replaced with a single pixel of size PY µm × PY µm and no CSCA. This is due to a range of effects, including charge trapping in inter-anode streets and poorer charge induction efficiencies in the volumes above these streets.
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Homozygous human P301S tau transgenic mice were generous gifts from Michael Goedert (Allen et al., 2002). One‐month‐old mice (male and female, n = 9 per group) were treated daily with curcumin analog C1 (5 and 10 mg per kg body weight) or vehicle for 3 months. To avoid possible injury to mice from long‐term oral gavage, compound C1 was mixed in regular feed according to the actual dosage used (5 and 10 mg/kg body weight, as low and high dosages, respectively). C1 was suspended well in distilled water and mixed with measured weight of regular feed powder. The mixture was kept at 55°C to evaporate excessive water. Fresh feed containing C1 was prepared twice weekly. The assessment of animals' body weight and calculation of feed consumption were performed every 2 weeks. Mice at 4 months of age after treatment were used for behavior tests and then sacrificed for biochemical analysis.
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Teilweise tritt „neurologische Komorbidität“ erst im Verlauf und nach der Entlassung aus der Rehabilitation auf:Die Gefahr für das Auftreten epileptischer Anfälle bleibt in der Nachsorge bislang wenig berücksichtigt. Ischämische und hämorrhagische Infarkte sind die häufigste Ursache für strukturelle fokale epileptische Anfälle im Alter. Abhängig von der Schwere und der Lokalisation des Schlaganfalls beträgt das Risiko für epileptische Anfälle bis zu 7 %, mit der Gefahr einer höheren Mortalität der Betroffenen .30 % der Schlaganfallpatienten erleben im Verlauf eine Depression. Diese gilt es zu erkennen und adäquat zu behandeln, auch mit Psychopharmaka. Problematisch ist, dass viele der neueren Antidepressiva Interaktionen mit gerinnungsaktiven Substanzen haben .Medizinische, psychologische und soziale Hilfestellungen sind nicht definiert, insbesondere wird die Tatsache der Bedeutung der Behinderung in der Folge des Schlaganfalls nicht weiter ausgearbeitet. Es gibt keine Verknüpfung von medizinischen und sozialen Leistungen im Verlauf.
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The TDF is potentially compatible with a range of existing frameworks in the implementation literature. For example, Kitson and colleagues called for the integration of theoretical perspectives into the Promoting Action on Research in Health Services (PARiHS) framework. The TDF could be useful in elaborating some components of the ‘diagnostic and evaluation’ stage of PARiHS. Damschroder and colleagues proposed a Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR); there is potential for mapping the TDF domains on to constructs in this framework (in particular, within Outer Setting, Inner Setting, and Characteristics of Individuals). The advantage of such a process would be to provide access to a large evidence base from the behaviour-change literature that could be useful in CFIR-based research.
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与光子射线相比，质子射线具有Bragg峰的物理学特质，这种Bragg峰的优良剂量分布促使质子束的能量能集中在癌细胞处释放。质子治疗时将峰值部分对准肿瘤病灶处，肿瘤处受到最大的照射剂量，肿瘤前的正常细胞只受到1/3到1/2的峰值剂量，肿瘤后部的正常细胞基本上不受到任何伤害。这一特点使质子射线具备在放射治疗中提高肿瘤的照射剂量，减小正常组织受量的剂量学优势。从1990年第一台质子治疗机开始应用于临床到目前为止，全球已有29个质子中心（我国拥有1个），预计到2014年，世界范围内将成立54个质子治疗中心。目前质子治疗开始应用于中枢神经系统肿瘤、眼葡萄膜黑色素瘤、前列腺癌、非小细胞肺癌、胃肠道肿瘤、头颈部肿瘤、儿童肿瘤等的放疗。随着研究者们对质子治疗的优化，尤其是整合了4D-CT技术和图像引导放射治疗（image guide radiation therapy, IGRT）技术后，一些研究机构进行了质子治疗应用于肺癌放疗的临床研究，有文章对质子治疗肺癌进行系统分析[4, 5]，但是由于缺乏与传统光子治疗比较的临床随机对照研究，对质子治疗肺癌的临床优势很难下结论，2012年ASTRO会议关于质子治疗（protons beam therapy, PBT）的结论为：目前尚无充足的临床证据推荐质子治疗在肺癌中应用。已有一些临床病例对照研究进行了质子射线与光子射线治疗肺癌的剂量学比较，为质子治疗在肺癌中的临床应用提供了理论基础。为此，本研究针对两种射线在治疗肺癌剂量学上的差异进行meta分析，以期为临床提供有价值的循证医学依据。
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The paper by Bachoual et al (2007) is interesting and unusual in that it compares two underground PM10 types – those from the Paris Metro, which uses rubber/pneumatic tyres and “wooden” brakes (PM10 Fe = 42%, Mn = < 1%), and those from the suburban Réseau Express Régional (RER) system, which uses metallic components (PM10 Fe = 61%, Mn = 7%) . Carbon black, titanium dioxide (TiO2), and diesel exhaust PM (DEP) were used as comparators. No source-specific difference in cell death was seen, while the two railway PM sets were the most effective at inducing release of MIP-2 and TNFα from RAW 264.7 murine macrophages, within 3 and 8 h, respectively, and persisting until at least 24 h. Conversely, none of the particles tested induced increased mRNA expression of matrix metalloprotease-(MMP) 2 or 9, and all induced MMP-12 to a roughly equivalent extent. The Fe chelator desferrioxamine (DFX) reduced release of TNFα by RER PM by ~ 50%, but had little effect on the response to Metro PM, while no effect on MIP-2 response was seen with DFX, suggesting differential release pathways for these two cytokines. In mice intratracheally instilled with PM at 0.22–4.48 mg/kg body weight, RER PM but not carbon black or DEP caused increased BAL protein, used as a marker of airway epithelial leakage/damage, with increased BAL total cell and neutrophil percentage. These increased cell counts were seen to a lesser extent with DEP, but not seen following carbon black. Similarly to the in vitro tests, RER PM but not carbon black or DEP induced increased TNFα and MIP-2 release in mice (measured in BALF) within 8 h, and an increase in expression of MIP-12 but not MIP-2 or MIP-8. RER PM also induced increased expression of the antioxidant gene haemoygenase-1 (HO-1), one of the most commonly used markers of antioxidant response to oxidative stress, which was not noted with carbon black or DEP. Therefore, this study suggests that PM from the Paris underground is generally more inflammatory then the other PM types tested, and a portion of this activity derives from the metallic nature of RER PM which was not seen in Metro PM. However, there is also a significant component of the effect of underground PM which does not appear to be related simply to the Fe content of the PM. The authors also suggest that the RER environment is more worthy of investigation on account of its higher PM concentration (361 μg/m3 vs. 68 μg/m3 in the Metro).
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For the femtosecond laser micromachining of the glass devices, the second harmonic (515 nm) of a femtosecond laser beam (Satsuma, Amplitude Systemes S.A., Pessac, France) was focused inside a fused silica sample using a 63 × (0.65 NA) microscope objective (LD-plan Neofluar, Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany). As represented in the scheme of Figure 1, the glass sample was mounted onto a high-resolution 3D movement system (Aerotech, ANT, Hampshire, UK) and moved with respect to the laser beam following the desired trajectory. The laser repetition rate was set at 1 MHz, with a pulse duration of 230 fs and pulse energy between 200 nJ and 300 nJ depending on the dimensions of the irradiated geometry. After the laser irradiation, the sample was immersed in an ultrasonic bath of a 20% HF aqueous solution at 35 °C.
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Die Synopsis (Abb. 3) dient dem chronologischen Überblick. Sie wurde für unsere Klinik als spezialisierte ophthalmologische Synopsis modifiziert. Über sie kann die gesamte Patientendokumentation eingesehen werden. Dort werden aktuelle Daten, Voruntersuchungen, Altbefunde und von extern eingescannte Formulare dargestellt. Hierfür gibt es unterschiedliche Untereinheiten der Synopsis. Zentrales Element sind die „Befunde Routine“. Hier können der Visus, der Intraokulardruck (IOD), der Augenvorderabschnitt sowie der Fundus und die Beurteilung bzw. das Prozedere über den zeitlichen Verlauf übersichtlich eingesehen werden (Abb. 4). Von dieser Ansicht kann man jedes zugrunde liegende Befundformular direkt aufrufen. Die chronologische Auflistung erlaubt deshalb bei langen komplizierten Verläufen nicht nur einen schnellen Befundüberblick, sondern auch einen Überblick über die Entscheidungsfindung bzw. Strategieänderung und deren Gründe.
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Mme F N, âgée de 61 ans, hémodialysée chronique depuis 5 ans pour une maladie rénale chronique stade V par néphroangiosclérose bénigne, qui avait été hospitalisée au service de néphrologie de l´hôpital Aristide Le Dantec de Dakar pour une hémorragie digestive haute. A l´admission, l´interrogatoire trouvait une dysphagie aux aliments solides et une toux sèche. L´examen physique trouvait une altération de l´état général avec une perte de poids estimée à 5 kg en 3 mois, un méléna et une tuméfaction latérocervicale droite non mobile à la déglutition. Le reste de l´examen physique était normal. Les constantes étaient pour la pression artérielle à 150/90 mmhg, le pouls à 112 battements/mn, température à 39,2°C, la fréquence respiratoire à 24 cycles/mn. A la paraclinique, l´hémogramme montrait une anémie à 7,2 g/dl, une hyperleucocytose à 11000/mm3, la protéine C réactive à 260 mg/l.
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A TCF/LEF reporter assay was used to examine the effect of Hcy/HTL on WNT‐induced transcriptional activity. First, 2.5 μg TOPFLASH (gifted from Dr. Tao Zhong's lab, Fudan University (Ni et al, 2011)) and 2.5 μg FOPFLASH plasmids (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA; Appendix Table S6) were transfected in 1 × 106 NE4C cells using Lipofectamine® 3000 transfection reagent (L30075, Thermo Fisher, Waltham, MA, USA) for 48 h. Hcy/HTL was added in the culture medium 4 h before cell collection. Reporter activities were measured with a plate reader (LD400; Beckman Coulter, Fullerton, CA, USA) using a dual‐luciferase reporter assay system (Promega, Madison, WI, USA). TCF/LEF activity was defined as the ratio of TOPFLASH:FOPFLASH reporter activities.
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Heteroatoms present in the warfarin molecule allow for the existence of many tautomeric forms. In 2015, Marc C. Nicklaus (Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Frederick, MD) wrote that warfarin “can exist in solution in 40 distinct tautomeric forms through both prototropic tautomerism and ring−chain tautomerism” . However, 1H and 13C NMR analyses revealed that the drug exists mainly as a 70% SR’/28% SS’ mixture of the cyclic hemiketal diastereomers or their enantiomers RS’/RR’, along with a small portion of an open-chain form (Scheme 7).
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Медиана уровня интактного ПТГ реципиентов ПТ составила 120 [ 87; 189] пг/мл. Значения ПТГ, соответствующие разной функции почечного трансплантата, представлены в табл. 1. Закономерно уровни ПТГ, соответствующие разным стадиям ХБП, различались статистически значимо (р<0,0001, тест Краскела–Уоллиса). При попарном сравнении почти все группы достоверно отличались друг от друга по уровню ПТГ (рис. 1). Отмечена обратная корреляция средней силы между уровнем ПТГ и рСКФ реципиентов ПТ (ρ=-0,454 [ 95% ДИ: -0,55; -0,34], р<0,0001). Также значения ПТГ слабо коррелировали со сроком наблюдения пациентов после АТП (ρ=0,2 [ 95% ДИ: 0,07; 0,32], р=0,0025), а также с суммарной продолжительностью ЗПТ (ρ=0,17 [ 95% ДИ: 0,04; 0,3], р=0,008).
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Table 5 outlines findings on crude population coverage with key healthcare interventions in the three analysis years. Coverage with all but one (four ANC visits) preventive care interventions generally increased between 2003 and 2014. While coverage with full immunisation in children, and family planning services increased from about 50% to over 70% over the 3 years, coverage with the other two interventions (condom use, and four ANC visits) remained very low (below 50%) over the 3 years. The distribution of coverage for all prevention interventions was inequitable (prorich) except for condom use which was propoor in 2008. Coverage for all but one (appropriate treatment for diarrhoea in children) treatment interventions increased between 2003 and 2014. The distribution of coverage with skilled delivery and hospital admissions was inequitable (prorich). The distribution of coverage with treatment for ARIs and appropriate treatment of diarrhoea in children was inequitable (prorich) in 2014, despite being propoor or equal in all the previous study years. The weighted summary index of SC, while generally low, increased from 27.65% (27.13%–28.14%)%) in 2003 to 41.73% (41.34%–42.12%) in 2014.
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The PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data—e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party—those must be specified.
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Informations générales: un total de 103 pédiatres a répondu au questionnaire. Les pédiatres de sexe féminin représentent 82,5% soit un sexe ratio de 0,2. L´âge moyen des participants est de 39 ans avec des extrêmes de 31 et 64 ans. La durée moyenne d´exercice est de 8 ans et demi [extrêmes de 1 an et 35 ans]. Un nombre de 81 pédiatres [soit 78,6%] exercent au secteur libéral alors que 22 pédiatres [21,4%] travaillent aux hôpitaux publics. La majorité des participants [72 pédiatres soit 70%] exercent dans la grande ville économique de Casablanca, le reste sont répartis sur 13 autres villes. La plupart des pédiatres [soit 84,5%] font la vaccination dans leur pratique courante, parmi eux, 92,3% font tout le calendrier vaccinal alors que 7,7% font seulement les vaccins complémentaires du programme national d´immunisation.
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El desarrollo de la Escala de Medición de CC en trabajadores de salud en Chile (EMCC-14) consideró13 : (i) desarrollo de ítems, (ii) estudio de validez de contenido; (iii) análisis de validez de estructura interna; (iii) estimación de confiabilidad y; (iv) análisis de sesgo. La recolección de datos tuvo lugar en la ciudad de Santiago de Chile durante 2018.
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Often, an abundance of retraction fibers at the trailing edge of a cell is taken as evidence for strong adhesion in this region. However, at the rear of Gleevec-treated cells, in spite of greater global adhesion strength, there are fewer retraction fibers than in control cells. What might be the reason for this observation? A potential explanation is found in the fact that the trailing edge tractions of Gleevec-treated cells were significantly stronger than in control cells. These tractions may effectively break all adhesions in the rear of the cell, even those in that normally result in retraction fiber formation.
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Barranquilla y Medellín divulgan por primera vez datos sobre incidencia de cáncer 11,12. Barranquilla ciudad costera y el principal centro económico de la región caribe colombiana, muestra las tasas más altas de incidencia de cáncer de mama y cuello uterino al tiempo que las tasas para cáncer gástrico y todas las localizaciones de cáncer son las más bajas de Colombia . Es importante realizar investigaciones específicas para determinar si estas diferencias son resultado de incluir casos de no-residentes, de duplicidad y/o subregistro de información.
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Les tuméfactions cervicales peuvent être soit d'origine ganglionnaire, représentées essentiellement par les causes infectieuses, hématologiques et métastatiques; soit d'origine non ganglionnaire [1, 2]. Dans notre série, la tuberculose ganglionnaire était la cause la plus fréquente représentant 53,66% des cas. L’âge moyen des patients était de 34 ans ce qui est proche des données de la littérature [3, 4]. Nous avons noté une légère prédominance féminine ce qui rejoint les données de Bourekoua alors que Hochedez a décrit plutôt une prédominance masculine. La localisation la plus fréquente des adénopathies dans notre série était jugulo-carotidienne ce qui est similaire aux données de la littérature [5, 6]. La fistulisation des adénopathies à la peau a été observée chez 30% des patients, ce qui est porche des données de la littérature . La lymphocytose est l'anomalie la plus notée dans la numération formule sanguine , ceci a été également observé dans notre série. L'intra-dermo-réaction à la tuberculine a été positive dans 96,66% des cas, ce qui est proche de celui décrit dans la série de Bourekoua .
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A custom-written MATLAB script was used to determine active and passive phases from the 2D trajectory information. We performed a moving window analysis (four-point segments) along the trajectory data points. We then calculated the ratio between the total displacement between the initial and final points of the segment and the sum of displacements between the points within the segment. Because the segments overlap, each point within a trajectory will appear in multiple segments. Thus, for every data point, the ratios were averaged over all segments containing this specific point. This ratio estimates the linearity of each segment; hence, values close to 1 correspond to active phases. A threshold ratio of 0.8 was chosen to distinguish between active and passive phases. Additionally, we used an angle criterion (successive displacement vectors showing angles less than 90° are categorized as passive) to further filter the initial categorization. The chosen parameters were optimized by visual inspection and comparison of a select number of trajectories (n=10) to a published method based on a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) analysis (Monnier et al., 2015). After this analysis, we considered the segments with >12 data points and calculated the power-law exponent from the MSD to further confirm the previous categorization. The exponents were calculated by fitting the MSD curves to the power-law log[MSD(Δt)]=α · log(Δt)+C. Active transport was separated from passive transport based on α>1.5. In all cases, the determined power-law exponent matched our initial categorization, confirming that this analysis was effective. Next, we considered the segments of trajectories with <12 data points, for which MSD could not be calculated with high confidence. The segments initially categorized as passive and containing <5 data points (500 ms) were considered to be inconclusive and were merged with the segment before and after them. The segments initially categorized as active with a total displacement <160 nm (one pixel) were categorized as passive, and the rest as active. The displacement (160 nm) was chosen based on the fact that the vesicles on average move at speeds of ∼0.4 µm/s and, in five frames (500 ms), the expected displacement is ∼200 nm. Additional parameters such as run length, processivity and average speed were also computed using the same custom-written program after the active or passive categorization of the trajectories.
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Um estudo recente conduzido em Hong Kong com 3.000 participantes21 identificou que os fatores sociodemográficos associados ao prejuízo na experiência psicológica relacionada à pandemia foram: meia idade, baixa escolaridade, desemprego, baixa renda e assistir diariamente a reportagens sobre pandemia por mais de uma hora. Brooks et al.3 identificaram como fatores estressantes uma maior duração da quarentena, temores acerca da infecção, frustração, tédio, abastecimento inadequado, desorientação, perdas financeiras e estigma. Os resultados destes e do presente estudo reforçam a tese de que o isolamento prolongado e a falta de apoio exacerbaram as vulnerabilidades existentes e contribuíram para o surgimento de transtornos relacionados ao estresse, sugerindo que o período de pandemia de covid-19 deva ser considerado sob a perspectiva de evento traumático em massa21,22. Ademais, esses estudos apontam que, além da necessidade de ações públicas para promover a assistência financeira às populações vulneráveis, é de extrema relevância oferecer assistência à saúde mental em emergências sanitárias.
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A ressonância magnética deve ser considerada em pacientes estáveis e pode auxiliar no diagnóstico diferencial da etiologia da disfunção ventricular, que pode estar relacionada a miocardite ou disfunção sistólica induzida por estresse. O diagnóstico de miocardite segue os critérios clássicos já validados para outras etiologias virais, nas quais podem ser observados edema miocárdico e realce tardio miocárdico de padrão não isquêmico.37 - 39
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Tel que suggéré par Streiner et Norman,21 un devis méthodologique a été utilisé pour procéder au développement et à la validation de la version canadienne-française de l’Échelle de Satisfaction des Adolescents quant à la gestion de la Douleur postopératoire - Scoliose idiopathique (SAD-S).
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On the flipside, random collections from citizens result in opportunistic datasets incorporating observation bias caused by recorder activity22 that vary in intensity depending on project design. Consequently, only small, species-specific fractions of the growing ‘Mückenatlas’ dataset have been analysed so far, e. g. to describe particular species findings23, to investigate nuisance sources24 or for population genetics25. Kerkow et al.26, for example, mitigated bias by combining ‘Mückenatlas’ observations of Ae. japonicus with conventional monitoring data to predict species distribution, to some degree discussing patterns resulting from biases of both—in this case over- and underrepresentation of land-use types. Other case studies of observation patterns focus on intrinsic and extrinsic motivations of citizen scientists27,28, less commonly on general environmental or anthropogenic factors associated with volunteers’ recordings for large-scale citizen science projects29,30. Analysing these driving factors, however, would help utilise opportunistic data collections to full extent and design future citizen science projects.
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There is conflicting information on the relationship between HCV genotype and progression to HCC in longitudinal studies. It is suggested by some authors that genotype 1b (most prevalent in Europe and Japan) is associated with a higher incidence of HCC than infection with other genotypes . In other studies, however, this was not observed .
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Human PC cell lines (PANC-1, SW1990, BxPC-3, CFPAC-1 and AsPC-1) were purchased from the Type Culture Collection of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). SW1990/GZ cells are acquired GEM-resistant SW1990 cells which were established in our lab . PC cells were cultured in DMEM (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Thermo Fisher Scientific), 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 µg/mL streptomycin. Cultures were maintained at 37 °C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2.
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To determine the efficacy of each of the treatments relative to the untreated controls, we used Kaplan-Meier analysis to quantify the statistical differences between the number of animals that became persistently viremic in each treatment group compared with the control group. Compared with untreated controls (Group 1), persistent viremia occurred in a significantly smaller proportion of animals that received bNAbs at 30 h (Group 3) or ART at 48 h (Group 4) (Log-Rank test, adjusted p = 0.0002 for both comparisons, Supplementary Fig. 3). While fewer animals became persistently viremic after receiving bNAbs at 48 h (Group 2B) compared with the control group, the difference was not statistically significant (Log-Rank test, adjusted p = 0.0969). In summary, our findings indicate that bNAb or ART treatment initiated shortly after SHIV exposure can delay or prevent onset of sustained viremia.
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In males, 8 genes were differentially expressed between T-treated and control individuals in both medial amygdala and hypothalamus (Figure 2c). Among these genes, 4 were higher (Table S21 in file S1) and 4 were lower (Table S22 in file S1) in T-treated than control males in both tissues. No genes were significantly affected in opposite directions in the two tissues.
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Prognostic analysis of pyroptosis-related lncRNA signature in the training and validation cohorts. (A) Distribution of risk scores in the training cohort. (B) Distribution of risk scores in the validation cohort. (C) Distributions of overall survival status, overall survival, and risk score in the training cohort. (D) Distributions of overall survival status, overall survival, and risk score in the validation cohort. (E) Kaplan-Meier curves for the overall survival of patients in the high- and low-risk groups in the training cohort. (F) Kaplan-Meier curves for the overall survival of patients in the high- and low-risk groups in the validation cohort. (G) AUC of time-dependent ROC curves verified the prognostic accuracy of the risk score in the training cohort. (H) AUC of time-dependent ROC curves verified the prognostic accuracy of the risk score in the validation cohort. (I) Kaplan-Meier curves for the overall survival of patients in the high- and low-risk groups in the whole cohort.
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Sechelele post-traumatice ale membrului inferior afectează un număr foarte mare de pacienți care se adresează medicului de recuperare și pot determina pe termen mediu și lung dizabilitate în diferite grade.Un procent crescut din pacienții acestei categorii de patologii îl reprezintă persoanele tinere și active din punct de vedere profesional, de aici și nevoia de a găsi metodele de tratament cele mai eficiente și care să permită reluarea activității cât mai curând posibil.
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New therapeutic approaches such as anti-EGFR targeted therapies and concurrent identification of molecular biomarkers to identify sub-groups of potentially responsive tumors had created a need for routine molecular characterization of cancers. In colorectal cancer, the demonstration that patients with KRAS mutated tumors did not benefit from anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies was established independently of the technology used to identify KRAS mutated tumors . This result was rapidly followed by a directive of the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) that restricted the use of cetuximab (Erbitux®) and panitumumab (Vectibix®) to patients with KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer .
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Cistaceae is a small family of plants comprising shrubs that are commonly found in the Mediterranean climate . The plants of Cistus species are used in the preparation of folk medicines, in the form of anti-diarrheal agents, to provide protection against various skin diseases, and as anti-inflammatory agents . Küpeli and Yesilada confirmed that flavonoids from Cistus laurifolius L. have anti-inflamatory and antinociceptive activity without causing any visible toxicity. In other studies polyphenol rich extracts from Cistus incanus L. have a strong antiviral activity and did not exhibit apparent harming effects on cell viability, metabolism, or proliferation. Different species of Cistus are used as herbal infusions, food additives, or nutraceutical products .
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Em uma escala global, a taxa de mortalidade média por DAC ajustada para idade continuamente seguiu um padrão de redução nos anos 1990 e 2000, com o maior declínio entre 2000 e 2005. Isso contou principalmente na redução das taxas de mortalidade por DIC e DCBV, essa última também apresentando a maior queda percentual nos coeficientes de mortalidade prematuro e tardio em todas as regiões de saúde do Rio de Janeiro e capital.14 Além disso, regiões de baixa e média renda ao redor do mundo apresentaram uma queda de 13% na taxa de mortalidade ajustada para idade atribuída à DAC, mas com um expressivo aumento de 66% no número total de mortes por essa causa entre 1990 e 2013.14 Apesar disso, esse aumento de mortes por DAC atribuídas ao crescimento e envelhecimento populacional foi compensado pela redução em taxas de mortalidade idade-específicas no Brasil, o que aponta para uma possível melhora na qualidade de saúde da população.15 No entanto, a distribuição global das DAC é complexa, influenciada por características nacionais e regionais, que resultam em importantes diferenças entre e dentro de regiões, tornando difícil realizar comparações.
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Representative images of the frontal cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, caudate-putamen, or cerebellum stained with anti-PrP SAF-84 or anti-GFAP antibodies as indicated. Depending on the brain area, PrP deposition and reactive gliosis were very mild or lacking in the 263K(MH) group. Scale bar = 100 μm for all images.
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Cada uno de los planes recopilados fue codificado en cada uno de los indicadores utilizando una codificación binaria de 0 o 1 para señalar si cada factor estaba o no presente en el plan. A las subpreguntas se les otorgaron puntuaciones fraccionarias para que el total de cada pregunta fuera igual a 1 (véase el cuadro 1). A las subpreguntas relacionadas con los grupos poblacionales considerados en los planes de salud no se les asignó una puntuación, porque la decisión de incluir o no un grupo poblacional determinado depende del contexto, aunque de todas maneras se informan más adelante.
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Only a portion of the dispersed maize pollen will be deposited on host plants, and the pollen will be unequally distributed on the plants . On nettles, the upper parts of the plant will receive more maize pollen , and pollen often accumulates along leaf veins, especially on the midrib . As the larvae were found and fed mainly on the tip of the nettles, this behavior will increase the exposure to Bt maize pollen. This may affect young larvae in particular because these are more sensitive to Bt and tend to concentrate more at the plant top than older larvae do. The young larvae aggregate and feed in batches enclosed within a sort of web, which may affect the exposure of the larvae to pollen. However, in most of the observed cases, the complete nettle tips were consumed by the young larvae. Thus, the larvae would at least consume all pollen deposited on that part of the plant before they built their webs.
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纳入的15篇文献中有8项研究（Pinato等、Zhang等、Kawashima等、Zhang等、Kim等、Yuan等、Toda等、Wang等）包括可以手术治疗的病例（Ⅰ期-Ⅱ期或Ⅰ期-Ⅲ期），有6项研究（Sánchezlara等、Liu等、Unal等、Wu等、Diem等、Yi等）仅含有不能手术的病例（Ⅲ期-Ⅳ期），有1项研究（Kos等）则涵盖了所有阶段病例（Ⅰ期-Ⅳ期）。此篇meta分析共纳入5, 524例NSCLC的患者（3, 760例男性，1, 764例女性）。每项研究中患者的数量范围为52例-1, 466例，其中位数为202，使用的PLR的临界值范围为106-300，其中位数为162。纳入的文献的主要特征见表 1。
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To further define the interconnection between DDR and the centrosome, we performed a focused immunofluorescence screening using over 100 antibodies against 44 DDR proteins in order to identify which one(s) localizes to the centrosome. Among the many interesting findings, we discovered that the products of six Fanconi Anemia (FA) related genes (out of 10 tested), including FancJ, localize at the centrosome. FA proteins have well established functions in repairing interstrand crosslinking (ICL) lesions (Kee and D'Andrea, 2010). A few studies showed that deficiency of some of the FA genes also induce centrosome amplification (Collis et al., 2008; Katsura et al., 2009; Tutt et al., 1999). However, their functions in the centrosome cycle are unknown. We show here, using immunofluorescence analysis, that FancJ localizes to the centrosome and has unique centrosome staining patterns. In addition, the centrosome localization of FancJ is regulated by an ICL inducer, Mitomycin C (MMC). Similar to HU and IR, we found that ICL inducers, including MMC and cis-platin, also induce pronounced centrosome amplification. Most importantly, we show that FancJ promotes the MMC-induced centrosome amplification by activating PLK1. These data strongly implicate FancJ in the regulation of normal centrosome cycle as well as DDICA.
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Alitretinoin thus seems to be suitable to treat II associated with prominent erythema. The dosage of 10 mg per day may be sufficient for some patients, whereas others may require higher doses (up to 30 mg). There are no published data on the effect of alitretinoin on ectropion. In our series, only three patients had ectropion and remained stable under alitretinoin.
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Approximately 0.1 g wild-type and mutant leaves were selected for Chl and carotenoid estimations. The pigment (Chl a, Chl b, and carotenoid) contents were estimated using the method described by Lichtenthaler . Uroporphyrinogen III (Urogen III) and coproporphyrinogen III (Coprogen III) were extracted and determined as described by Bogorad . Leaves were ground into powder with liquid nitrogen and dissolved in nine volumes of phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) in an ice bath and centrifuged (30 min at 8000 rpm) to estimate the contents of protoporphyrin IX (Proto IX), magnesium protoporphyrin IX (Mg-Proto IX), protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) and chlorophyllide (Chlide) a. The supernatant was used to determine pigments using ELISA kit (MEIMIAN, Jiangsu, China) with a Thermo Scientific Multiskan FC (Thermo Fisher Scientific, MA, USA). Flavonoid contents were estimated using a UV1901 PCS Double beam UV-VIS Spectrophotometer (Shanghai Yoke Instrument Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) according to the instructions of the Favonoid Plant kit (Suzhou Comin Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, China). Three biological replicates were evaluated for each sample. The data were analyzed with t-tests using version 17.0 of SPSS software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), and means were compared at the significance levels 0.01 and 0.05. Wild-type was used as a control and calculated as 1 for the relative values of photosynthetic pigments and Chl precursors.
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Our research's objective is to determine the prevalence of congenital cardiac disease throughout various KPK divisions. This will assist us in the future to focus our health resources on a particular demographic and geographic region while also allowing us to explore any disparities that we see that may have genetic, environmental, socioeconomic, or ethnic roots.
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Le traitement de la CMP-PP est celui de l'insuffisance cardiaque chronique, avec l'association bêtabloquant, Inhibiteur d'enzyme de conversion (IEC) et diurétiques. Dans les formes sévères, il est parfois nécessaire d'avoir recours au traitement inotrope par voie intraveineuse et compte tenu du risque de manifestations thromboemboliques, il est recommandé d'instaurer un traitement par anticoagulant. En cas de récupération ad integrum de la fonction systolique, la poursuite du traitement au long cours est recommandée bien que l'interruption du traitement ne semble pas s'accompagner d'une nouvelle dégradation de fonction systolique . En l'absence de récupération et selon l'évolution clinique, une resynchronisation cardiaque pourra être proposée, une assistance ventriculaire gauche et en derniers recours une transplantation cardiaque. La bromocriptine (anti-prolactine) a fait la preuve de son efficacité reposant sur l'hypothèse physiopathologique du rôle cardiotoxique de la prolactine de petit poids moléculaire comme facteur déclenchant la CMP-PP. Une étude a comparé le traitement par IEC seuls et IEC + bromocriptine, en ouvert, chez 20 femmes. Le diagnostic est porté dans le mois qui suit la grossesse. Les malades reçoivent 2,5 mg de bromocriptine 2 fois par jour pendant 2 semaines puis 1 fois par jour pendant 6 semaines. À six mois, les patientes ayant reçu le traitement par bromocriptine présentaient, par rapport au groupe contrôle : une FEVG mesurée en IRM supérieure, une mortalité inférieure et un taux inférieur de survenue du critère de jugement principal (défini par un décès et/ou une insuffisance cardiaque classe III/IV NHYA et/ou une FEVG < 35 %) . Une contraception efficace est essentielle chez ces femmes jeunes dans les suites d'un premier épisode de CMP-PP. En cas de dysfonction persistante, toute nouvelle grossesse doit être découragée, et contre-indiquée en raison du risque élevé de décès. Si la fonction systolique s'est normalisée, une nouvelle grossesse peut être envisagée mais les risques de complications doivent être clairement exposés. L'évolution clinique des cardiomyopathies du péri-partum est variable. L'importance de la dysfonction ventriculaire gauche initiale (fonction inférieure à 30 %) et de la dilatation ventriculaire (supérieure à 27 mm/m2) sont des éléments péjoratifs . Cependant, la prédiction à l'échelle individuelle reste délicate, et il est classique d'observer des récupérations intégrales même chez les patientes ayant une dysfonction systolique initiale sévère . La persistance d'une dysfonction ventriculaire gauche au-delà du sixième mois du post-partum est de mauvais pronostic. Cependant, des données font également état de récupérations intégrales plus tardives, avec des délais de plus de 3 ans .
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In this paper, we analyze Twitter activity and expose patterns of behavior that are characteristic of different socioeconomic groups and that underlie income prediction tasks. We apply machine learning and information theory methods, including dimensionality reduction techniques, to expose how linguistic and mobility patterns can be used to infer socioeconomic status. More concretely, we analyze the relationship between mobility patterns and hashtag usage with income, as well as the differences between the collective behavior among neighborhoods of different socioeconomic status in terms of the diversity of their interactions.
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Second, we tested whether eCpGs were more likely regulated by SNPs than non eCpGs (i.e. whether they were enriched for meQTL). In order to define meQTLs in HELIX, we selected 9.9 M cis and trans meQTLs with a p-value < 1e-7 in the ARIES dataset consisting of data from children of 7 years old (Gaunt et al., 2016). Then, we tested whether this subset of 9.9 M SNPs were also meQTLs in HELIX by running meQTL analyses using MatrixEQTL R package (Shabalin, 2012), adjusting for cohort, sex, age, blood cellular composition and the first 20 principal components (PCs) calculated from genome-wide genetic data. We confirmed 2.8 M meQTLs in HELIX (p-value < 1e-7). Trans meQTLs represented <10% of the 2.8 M meQTLs. Enrichment of eCpGs for meQTLs was computed using a Chi-square test, using non eCpGs as background.
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A angiografia é o padrão ouro para a decisão do tratamento do paciente, uma vez que ela permite a detalhada avaliação da lesão e de sua gravidade. Há uma diversidade de tratamentos a se seguir – a escolha diverge entre tratamento conservador4, endovascular ou cirurgia aberta1 , 9. O tratamento conservador, como foi proposto inicialmente para o caso, é o mais comum, sendo reservado para os casos em que os pacientes se apresentam com estabilidade hemodinâmica e em que não há evidência de ruptura da dissecção da AMS. Esse tratamento é efetivo na maioria dos casos, mantendo-se acompanhamento com exames de imagem e foco nos sinais clínicos de isquemia mesentérica e no suprimento vascular da AMS.
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DEFiNE processing of z-stack images allows for maximal preservation of axonal fibers. (A) Individual z-slices within one z-stack image from the vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca. Autofluorescent debris is present in the first three z-slices, and Alexa Fluor 488 enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-labeled axonal fibers are visible at the same location in the final three. (B) Maximum intensity projections (MIPs) of the unprocessed image, the image processed as a MIP, and the image processed as a z-stack. Fibers lost when processing a MIP are preserved when processing the z-stack. Scale bars: 50 μm.
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U dzieci z utrzymującą się jałową leukocyturią, u których mocz na badanie ogólne został prawidłowo pobrany, nie podano leków przeciwbakteryjnych przed pobraniem posiewu moczu oraz wykluczono częstomocz i wielomocz należy rozszerzyć badania diagnostyczne w kierunku atypowych zakażeń układu moczowego.
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It is also interesting to investigate the performance of this framework when correlated patterns are stored. Let us suppose an external stimulus that presents a maximum overlap with one particular stored memory, let us say memory ρ, i.e., γ=1 in Equation (6). Then, we consider another pattern, θ, that presents a correlation b (0≤b≤1) with pattern ρ; this means that ξiρ=ξiθ for a fraction b of indices i, leading to (40)1N∑i=1Nξiρξiθ=b−(1−b)=2b−1 (ρ≠θ).
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Facteurs professionnels: 91,7% des infirmiers n'avaient pas bénéficié d'une formation spécifique concernant la prise en charge des sujets en fin de vie. 60% de notre échantillon n'étaient pas impliqués dans les décisions thérapeutiques de l'équipe soignante. 25% avaient vécu des doutes en leurs capacités professionnels à faire face à une situation de fin de vie pénible. 88,3% des infirmiers n'avaient jamais reçu de marques de reconnaissances de la part des patients ou des remarques gratifiantes d'un supérieur dans leur travail.
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Intervention group participants said that setting goals and targets collaboratively with a health professional and agreeing a review date gave them a focus for change. No control group participants were able to comment on experiences of goal setting but one said he would be keen to try this approach.
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A limitation of this study is the relatively small dataset used for training and testing, based on the limited open-source datasets. Future work will involve expanding the number of images and types of tissues included in the dataset. Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are an innovative approach to creating synthetic histopathological images. GANs are a promising approach to data synthesis, in which synthetic H&E stained histopathology images and ground truth images can be generated from features learned from the training data87–89. GANs have the potential to significantly increase histopathological training sets without requiring additional annotations from expert pathologists.
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As previous findings have shown differential associations by risk and by lifetime history of depression, we sought to determine whether risk for depression (based on parental lifetime depression status) moderated the effect of R/S on subsequent recurrence and new onset of depression. The data were stratified both by risk status and lifetime history of depression (yes/no). Within these stratified groups, logistic regression analyses examined the three R/S variables at year 20 as predictors of the outcome of depression at year 25/30. Age and gender were included as covariates in the analysis. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Statistics version 20 for MAC.
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One of the limitations of the current study was the lack of follow-up from early pregnancy till the third trimester where a sero-conversion might have occurred. There were few recent infections (IgM) which beyond the statistical significance between the cases and controls. Hence the results interpretations were depend on IgG seropositivity. A larger longitudinal study is needed.
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The VAS scores for confidence in responses to knowledge questions revealed that participants generally felt confident about their responses regardless of whether the response was correct. Family members have been shown to have substantial influence on infant feeding practices (Mueffelmann et al., 2015), and high confidence in incorrect responses could result in the perpetuation of non‐evidence based decisions and non‐compliance to NHTI recommendations. This is a novel finding, and in line with above, provides additional rationale to increase the availability and dissemination of IYCF recommendations to the general public through avenues such as public schools (Walsh et al., 2008) or large‐scale public health campaigns.
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This selection must take into account many parameters, and, in many cases, requires prior knowledge in the subject of synchronization in wireless IoT networks. Given this difficulty, we have detected the need to develop a methodology to facilitate the task of selecting a synchronization strategy adapted to the needs of each IoT application.
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Similar to our findings, several of the meta-analyses found DEB-TACE to show treatment benefit and better safety profile compared with cTACE [23, 24]. A systematic review by Martin et al. found DEB-TACE had a significant advantage compared with cTACE in objective response and had greater overall disease control in patients with advanced HCC (P values ≤0.038). Zhou et al. performed a meta-analysis which included nine studies and total of 830 patients . The study found DEB-TACE significantly improved overall survival and increased objective response and disease control rates. Similarly, a meta-analysis performed by Huang et al. , which included seven clinical studies with 700 patients, found a significantly better objective response for DEB-TACE than cTACE (P = 0.004), with a relative risk difference of 0.15 (P = 0.0003). Those authors also found that patients with one- and two-year survival were significantly more with DEB-TACE than with cTACE (P values ≤0.007). However, Huang et al. found no difference between treatments for 6-month and 3-year survival (P values ≥0.11). A meta-analysis by Zou et al. found DEB-TACE was associated with higher complete response (Odds ratio [OR], 1.35), overall survival rate (OR, 1.41), and survival time (WMD, 3.03). In contrast to the studies of Huang et al. and Zhou et al., Zou et al. found no difference between treatments for objective response. Those authors also found that the treatments had similar disease control rates. All four meta-analyses found that DEB-TACE was associated with fewer side effects compared with cTACE.
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It has been reported that acidic extracellular pH could induce the expression of Oct4 in fibroblast and stromal cells in tumor models (Som et al., 2016). Our study showed that Oct4 was significantly highly upregulated in CCA grown in acidic pH when compared to those cultured in non-acidic condition (Figure 3).
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