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“Data from conditions where BCV is applicable, namely those involving a single attribute and where context depends on past options (and not simultaneously presented options), are relatively scarce. […] Here, we present data from a behavioural experiment where we investigate this very question.”
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The salt bridges are mapped on the 3D average structures from simulation as sticks connecting the Cα atoms for AHA and PPA. The white dot and spheres indicate the location of the coordinated ions. The different clusters of spatial proximity of the salt-bridges and their networks are indicated by different colors (blue, lightblue, cyan, palecyan, purple, violet, pink, green, dark green and white for clusters 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 and 10, respectively). A detailed list of the salt bridges is reported in Table S1 (in Supporting Information S1).
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To confirm gene expression levels in microaspirated infected and uninfected cells, cDNA from both samples were analyzed for expression of CHTB4 using qPCR (ViiA™ 7 Real-Time PCR System, Applied Biosystems, USA). The reaction was prepared in a total of 20 µL in which 10 µL master mix (FAST SYBR™ Green Master Mix, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc, MA, USA), 1 µL template cDNA (10 ng), 150 nM (primer efficiency = 102.30, R2 = 0.99) each of forward and reverse primers of elongation factor and 100 nM (primer efficiency = 103.85, R2 = 0.97) each of forward and reverse primers of CHTB4, and nuclease free water was added. The PCR condition was as follows: 50 °C for 2 min, 95 °C for 10 min, 60 °C for 1 min, 95 °C for 15 s 15 °C for 1 min and 95 °C for 15 s with a total of 40 cycles. The relative expression level of CHTB4 was calculated in comparison to elongation factor by means of 2(control sample Ct of target−infected sample Ct of target) ÷ 2(control sample Ct of reference−infected sample Ct of reference). The results presented are the average of three independent infections and sample collections.
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Apicoplast and mitochondria are the two organelles with extra-chromosomal DNA in Plasmodium. None of the PfWDRs were predicted to localize in the apicoplast. However, PF3D7_0525500 was predicted to possess apicoplast targeting transit peptide but the protein lacks signal peptide. Five PfWDRs possessed a potential mitochondrion-targeting signal sequence as defined by Mitoprot. Further, no PfWDR was found to have PEXEL motif. Importantly, 52.5% PfWDRs were predicted to localize in more than one compartment, thus arguing for their multiple roles. Accuracy of various bioinformatics tools in predicting subcellular localization of PfWDRs seems to be low in comparison to localization inferred from direct experimentation either for the ortholog proteins or PfWDR proteins (S5 Table). For example, in comparison to experimental data (either for PfWDRs or their orthologs), Euk-mPLoc and NetNES mispredicted localization (mislocalized or not able to predict main organelle) of ~61% and ~48% PfWDRs, respectively. Low precision of the subcellular localization prediction for PfWDRs by different programs suggests the presence of divergent signal sequences in Plasmodium as compared to other eukaryotes.
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En la base de datos se incluyeron 479 pacientes hospitalizados con diagnóstico confirmado de infección por HIV en el período comprendido entre el 1° de enero de 2015 y el 31 de diciembre de 2016, de los cuales 204 cumplían con los criterios de selección (figura 1). La mayoría de ellos eran de sexo masculino (n=157, 77 %), con una edad promedio de 40 años ± 11 (rango de 18 a 84 años), y la relación hombre a mujer fue de 3,3 a 1 (cuadro 2).
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No entanto, a Política Nacional de Atenção Básica (PNAB), publicada em outubro de 2017 (Portaria n° 2.436/2017 do Ministério da Saúde), reduziu o número mínimo de agentes comunitários em uma ESF, de quatro para um agente, permitindo significativa diminuição de ACS8, o que pode acarretar na redução e precarização da cobertura populacional.
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Devido ao impacto na saúde da população brasileira, a vigilância efetiva de casos de dengue e febre amarela é extremamente importante para o controle de epidemias.(3) No estado de São Paulo, o Centro de Vigilância Epidemiológica (CVE) “Prof. Alexandre Vranjac”, instituição subordinada à estrutura da Coordenadoria de Controle de Doenças (CDC), é responsável pela divulgação de relatórios periódicos sobre o status dessas doenças, por semana epidemiológica. No entanto, a presença de uma estrutura de vigilância efetiva não é homogênea em todos os estados do Brasil, e a subnotificação é um possível fator de falha para acurácia do número de casos.
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The results of PB T-SPOT and PF T-SPOT in Guangzhou cohort. (A) Scatter plots showing ESAT-6 SFCs, CFP-10 SFCs, and MAX SFCs in PB T-SPOT and PF T-SPOT in plTB (n = 112) and non-plTB (n = 98) patients. Horizontal lines indicate the median. ***P < 0.001 (Mann–Whitney U-test). Blue dotted lines indicate the cutoff values in distinguishing these two groups. (B) Line graphs showing the results of ESAT-6 and CFP-10 SFCs for each patient in PB and PF T-SPOT. One line represents one patient. ***P < 0.001; ns, no significance (Student's t-test). (C) ROC analysis showing the performance of ESAT-6 SFCs, CFP-10 SFCs, and Max SFCs in PB and PF T-SPOT in diagnosing plTB. PB, peripheral blood; PF, pleural fluid; T-SPOT, T-SPOT.TB; plTB, pleural tuberculosis; ESAT-6, early secreted antigenic target 6; CFP-10, culture filtrate protein 10; SFCs, spot-forming cells; MAX, the larger of ESAT-6 and CFP-10.
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The impacts of temperature increase when the proportion of time an individual spends working outside is high and when physical exertion levels while working are high . Outdoor workers who experienced heat-related illness are highly correlated with exposure to extreme high temperature (95.7%) and work after struggling to sleep in tropical nights (78.7%) . Outdoor workers who are vulnerable to heat waves are 224 difficult to manage their working conditions voluntarily Outdoor workers who are vulnerable to heat waves are difficult to manage their working conditions voluntarily. It is difficult to manage the working conditions of outdoor workers who are vulnerable to heat waves if the implementation of changes to working conditions are made solely on a voluntary basis. Policy management for these workers needs to be enhanced.
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Another recent study reported that the serum SARS-CoV-2 viral load (RNAaemia) is strongly associated with the levels of IL-6 in COVID-19 patients (43). The levels of IL-6 were 10-fold higher in critically ill patients compared to severe patients. This study strongly suggests that IL-6 is a promising prognosis biomarker and therapeutic target in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Similarly, another study found that the combination of IL-6 and D-Dimer measurements had the highest specificity and sensitivity for early prediction of the severity of COVID-19 patients (~94%), and that they were also useful to track pneumonia development (42). Levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) have been associated with viral mRNA elimination, suggesting that a constitutive decrease of LDH or CK levels probably predict a favorable recovery response for COVID-19 patients (46).
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Traditionally, orientation mechanisms in amphibians have been studied by observing initial orientation over a few meters in arena setups or over longer distances using drift fences and pit-fall traps. In an attempt to track individuals, several authors have attached trailing devices to the backs of larger anurans, i.e. a thread bobbin, which releases a thread as the animal moves . However, this tracking method hinders animal movements, often results in injuries or a complete inhibition of homing , and is limited to large species. The miniaturization of radio transmitters has strongly expanded the range of species suitable for telemetry, including many amphibians . In parallel, harmonic radar and harmonic direction-finding techniques were developed, allowing to track even some of the smallest amphibians. Unfortunately, limited detection range and problematic external attachment on amphibians have resulted in predominantly methodological studies (e.g., , but see ). Telemetry techniques have rarely been used to gain new insights into amphibian orientation.
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É possível que haja viés de informação no estudo, por subnotificação de óbitos, incompletude de AIH e problemas no fluxo dos dados e sua consolidação no Datasus. Isso se estende ao fato de termos utilizado dados relativos ao período de tempo de transição entre a utilização da 9ª para a 10ª revisão da Classificação Internacional das Doenças no Datasus.
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W badanej grupie dzieci stężenie insuliny na czczo było prawie dwukrotnie wyższe u dzieci otyłych niż w grupie kontrolnej (10,27 vs 5,88 umol/l). Znaleziono dodatnią korelację pomiędzy poziomem insuliny na czczo a obwodem pasa u dzieci otyłych, im większy był obwód pasa tym wyższy był poziom insuliny (r=0,313, p=0,01). Podobne obserwacje przedstawiają inni autorzy [11, 33]. Otyłość trzewna jest predyktorem insulinooporności, co w konsekwencji może prowadzić do rozwoju cukrzycy typu 2 w przyszłości.
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In the random effects analysis, the limited number of studies that assessed incidence of HIV, HBV or HCV infection made it difficult to disaggregate the sources of heterogeneity across studies. Several studies lacked data for inclusion in the meta-regression models and, in general, data were insufficient to properly evaluate the influence of key cofactors, such as sex, age, race, and interaction between population and proportions of subjects engaging in risk behaviors. Other unmeasured factors may also have contributed to the observed heterogeneity.
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Astăzi, o familie destul de mare de produse pe bază de acid hialuronic cu diferenţele structurale, precum şi funcţionale, este disponibilă sub forma unor dispozitive de vâscosuplimentare pentru gestionarea simptomatică a osteoartritei de genunchi şi şold. Analiza comparativă a specificaţiilor tehnice şi în special a caracteristicilor reologice ale celor mai relevante produse de vâscosuplimentare din piaţă, arată că acidul hialuronic natural de origine non-animală este mult utilizat dar și că acesta pe lângă reticularea chimică poate fi reticulat şi pe cale naturală. Toate procesele de reticulare chimică, folosesc ca agenţi de reticulare substanțe toxice precum formaldehidă şi divinilsulfonă sau BDDE (1.4-butandiol diglicidileter). Originea non-animală şi reticularea naturală cu sulfat de condroitină face posibil să se prevadă o totală biocompatibilitate şi o rată foarte scăzută de evenimente adverse conferite de un produs cu proprietăți fizico-chimice şi mecanice aproape cu cele ale un fluid sinovial uman neafectat de fenomene degenerative, care-l fac optim şi potrivit pentru o vâscosuplimentare sigură și eficientă.
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Los edulcorantes son aditivos alimentarios que brindan un sabor dulce a los alimentos 1. Se clasifican en naturales (sacarosa y estevia) o artificiales (sucralosa) y, con base en su aporte energético, como nutritivos (sacarosa) o no nutritivos (sucralosa y estevia) 2. En los últimos años, se ha incrementado el uso de edulcorantes no nutritivos como alternativa para reducir el consumo de calorías y, así, combatir la elevada tasa de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, como obesidad, diabetes mellitus e hipertensión arterial sistémica 3. El metabolismo de los edulcorantes no nutritivos es independiente de la insulina y estos permiten disfrutar del sabor dulce en los alimentos sin incrementar el contenido calórico de la dieta 4. Los edulcorantes con mayor demanda comercial actualmente son sacarosa, sucralosa y estevia 5.
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5. Accordo Stato-Regioni n. 255 del 12 dicembre 2012. Indicazioni per la corretta applicazione della normativa per l’assistenza sanitaria alla popolazione straniera da parte delle Regioni e Province autonome. Accessed at: http://www.statoregioni.it/Lista_Documenti.asp?Pag=2&DATA=20/12/2012&CONF=CSR (04/11/2016)
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Aan dit onderzoek deden 160 respondenten mee, voldoende voor een exploratief onderzoek met een deels kwalitatieve focus. Daarnaast laten de achtergrondkenmerken zien dat het om een zeer diverse populatie gaat. Vanwege de diversiteit van de populatie en daarmee lage aantallen van subpopulaties hebben wij geen verbanden gevonden tussen achtergrondkenmerken en de bereidheid tot deelname of wensen voor patiëntparticipatie. Het grotere aantal mannen en de gemiddeld hogere leeftijd van de respondenten is representatief voor de Nederlandse populatie mensen met DMT2. Het aantal respondenten met een migratieachtergrond is lager . Het was wenselijk een hoger aantal respondenten met een migratieachtergrond te bereiken, aangezien DMT2 bij deze populatie relatief veel voorkomt. Met de wervingsmethoden van dit onderzoek werd deze groep niet aangesproken, iets waar vervolgonderzoek naar zal moeten kijken. Daarnaast zal ook rekening moeten worden gehouden met gezondheidsvaardigheden, waarnaar in dit onderzoek geen uitvraag is gedaan. Dit zou een aanbeveling kunnen zijn voor vervolgonderzoek, vooral om te voorkomen dat bepaalde groepen patiënten buitengesloten worden bij onderzoek naar innovaties en dat het gebruik van e‑health daardoor voor hen niet past of mogelijk is.
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In our evaluation, we also looked at the impact of young people’s PPI. We learned that both young people with a chronic condition and other members of project teams experience a positive impact of the PPI of young people with a chronic condition on the projects. In the questionnaire, more than two out of five young people experienced they were ‘(really) important’ to the project (Table 8). They valued their own contributions, since they shared their experiential knowledge, participated in meetings that helped others, and helped to set up projects and disseminate project results. Project coordinators rated the extent to which the PPI of young people with a chronic condition yielded the desired results in the project reports on average an 8 on a scale from 0 to 10. They described young people’s contribution as ‘unique’ and ‘irreplaceable’. According to the project teams, young people improved the relevance and quality of their projects. Table 8Extent to which young people with a chronic condition were important to projects, based on the perceptions of young people involved in nineteen projects (N = 226)Extent to which they considered themselves important to the project%Really important9Important34A little important23Not important at all3Doesn’t know31
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TLR2 receptors recognize bacterial lipoproteins and lipotechoic acid from bacterial membranes, and they mediate the activation of transcription factors such as NF-κB and IFN-regulatory factors . We found that at concentrations similar to those used in other studies (Table 1), all six TLR2 agonists tested inhibited fibrocyte differentiation (Figure 5). At day 5, the TLR2 agonist-treated cells appeared to be viable as determined by phase contrast microscopy (Figure 6). At day 5 after TLR2 agonist treatment, there was no significant difference in the number of viable PBMCs treated with or without TLR2 agonists (Figure 6B).
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COVID-19 vormde een aanleiding, maar het ligt voor de hand dat de extra instrumenten, metingen en netwerken die tijdens de uitvoering van deze brede gezondheidsmonitor ontstaan, niet alleen ten goede zullen komen aan de GOR-taak in de toekomst, maar ook aan de reguliere gezondheidsmonitoring. Ook deze crisis legt immers bestaande gezondheidsrisico’s en kwetsbaarheden bloot die ook los van deze crisis aandacht verdienen van beleidsmakers en professionals.
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Clark et al.9 estudaram os efeitos de 6 semanas de TIAI versus TCIM em PA avaliada por monitorização ambulatorial da pressão arterial (MAPA) e rigidez aórtica em 28 homens com sobrepeso ou obesidade. Os indivíduos realizaram exercício em bicicleta estacionária 3 vezes/semana. O TIAI teve correlação mais forte do que o TCIM, reduzindo a PA em cerca de 3 a 5 mmHg, sendo mais pronunciada naqueles com PA basal mais alta, mas não houve diferenças estatísticas na eficácia entre o TIAI e o TCIM nos valores de PA.9 Em outro estudo, 19 pacientes (8 normotensos e 11 hipertensos) com síndrome metabólica foram divididos em três grupos: TIAI (maior que 90% da FCmáx, ≈ 85% do VO2máx), TCIM (≈ 70% da FCmáx, ≈ 60% do VO2máx) e grupo-controle sem atividade física. Nos indivíduos normotensos não foram encontradas diferenças nos valores da MAPA. Em hipertensos que praticaram TIAI, a PA sistólica sofreu redução em 6,1 ± 2,2mmHg, quando comparada à dos grupos TCIM e controle (130,8 ± 3,9 versus 137,4 ± 5,1 e 136,4 ± 3,8mmHg, respectivamente; p <0,05). No entanto, a PA diastólica foi semelhante nos três grupos. Assim, a intensidade do exercício parece influenciar a magnitude redutora da PA, com o TIAI sendo superior ao TCIM.10
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L’examen échographique a été réalisé à l’aide d’un échographe Logic 200 de marque General Electric muni d’une sonde de 3,5 MHZ et de 7,5 MHz. Il a consisté en une analyse abdomino-pelvienne par voie antérieure après un jeûn d’au moins 12 heures. L'analyse échographique a recherché les caractères des tumeurs notamment leur nombre, leur forme, leur taille . Il s’agissait d’une petite tumeur, si son plus grand diamètre était inférieur à 5 cm et d’une grosse tumeur si le diamètre était supérieur ou égal à 5 cm. Lorsque les nodules étaient multiples, le diamètre considéré était celui du plus gros nodule. Les formes diffuses ou infiltrantes à limites imprécises ont été considérées d'emblée comme de grosses tumeurs. L'échogénicité des tumeurs se définissait en hyperéchogène, isoéchogène, hypoéchogène, liquidienne ou mixte. L'exploration échographique a également noté les lésions extra-tumorales associées.
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L'aplasie cutanée circonscrite du cuir chevelu est une malformation rare et de diagnostic clinique facile, mais de prise en charge difficile et surtout s'il s'y associe des malformations complexes comme décrites ci-dessus. Ce problème semble crucial dans les pays d'Afrique Subsaharienne. Notre observation montre à suffisance que de telles malformations existent en Afrique et qu'elles sont très probablement mal reconnues. L'examen clinique minutieux d'un nouveau-né et la connaissance parfaite des syndromes malformatifs peut faciliter leur diagnostic soit à la naissance soit un peu plus tard dans la vie de l'enfant porteur d'une malformation.
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ATP-controlled release profile of MIP in vitro was conducted by adding 5 mg of ATP-loaded MIP microspheres in simulated gastric acid of pH 1.5 and intestinal fluid of pH 7.4. The artificial liquids were prepared according to previous study . The tests were conducted in 10 mL solution using mechanical shaker, at 180 rpm and 37 °C maintained condition. At specified time intervals (0.5–68 h), samples were centrifuged and re-dispersed into another 1 mL fresh simulated gastric or intestinal fluid to continue the experiment. Following each time interval, supernatant from each sample was collected for determination of ATP concentration using LC-MS/MS. NIP spheres as control groups were evaluated in the same way. The cumulative release (CR) was calculated according to Equation (6):(6)CR (%)=10.0Cn+1.0∑C(n−1)Wo×100%, where Wo (mg) is the weight of ATP in the polymer, Cn (ng·mL−1) and C(n−1) (ng·mL−1) are ATP concentration in solution collected at n and n−1 times, respectively. The constant 10.0 represents total detected volume, and 1.0 stands for withdrawn and replaced fresh solution.
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O Comer Intuitivo possui algumas facetas como a “Permissão incondicional para comer” (sem diferença entre grupos), que propõe o consumo alimentar associado com a identificação de necessidade física (fome) e a evitação para classificações de alimentos e restrição alimentar; “Comer por razões físicas ao invés de emocionais” (sem diferença entre grupos), que trata de formas de entender os contextos emocionais que permeiam o consumo alimentar, evitando o uso do comer emocional; e, por fim, a “Confiança nos sinais de fome e saciedade” (maior no Grupo Compulsivo), que reflete quanto os indivíduos respeitam e se organizam, de acordo com a intensidade das sensações internas para iniciar e terminar a refeição.(21)
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Sixteen client participants were also invited to take part in three semi-structured interviews after their pre-quit, quit and post-quit sessions. Participants were purposefully selected to ensure equal gender representation as well as participants from all five sites. They were given a £10 shopping voucher in the UK and a (equivalent value) food basket in Pakistan for their time. The advisors who had delivered the BCI were interviewed at the end of the study.
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Endothelzellen exprimieren den ACE-2-Rezeptoren und können somit auch direkt mit SARS-CoV‑2 infiziert werden . Pathologische Herzveränderungen, Verletzungen des vaskulären Endothels und Mikroangiopathien sind bei COVID-19-Patienten eine häufige Komplikation [9, 10]. Myokardschädigungen werden bei etwa 20 % der COVID-19-Patienten beobachtet und sind mit einem erhöhten Mortalitätsrisiko verbunden [3, 11, 12]. Auffallend häufig ist dabei v. a. die rechtsventrikuläre (RV) Dilatation (39 %), gefolgt von einer linksventrikulären (LV) diastolischen Dysfunktion (16 %), wie man sie bei einer floriden Virusmyokarditis im Anfangsstadium auch sieht; mit etwa 10 % eher selten sind systolische LV-Funktions-Störungen. Eine routinemäßige echokardiographische Untersuchung von COVID-19-Patienten wird deshalb in kürzeren Abständen je nach Erkrankungsverlauf empfohlen. Bei schweren Verläufen kann ein zusätzliches frühzeitiges Management mit einem Pulmonaliskatheter in den Händen erfahrener Intensivmediziner hilfreich sein. Als Ursache der RV-Dilatation wird eine unkontrollierte Steigerung des Pulmonalisdrucks durch die Virusinfektion postuliert.
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Although our data have shown that Mg2+ influx suppressed the expression of TNF-α, PEN2 and NCT in glia and neurons, the mechanisms underlying Mg2+ elevation in vivo have not yet been elucidated. To investigate the relationship between Mg2+ elevation and the expression of TNF-α, PEN2 and NCT in vivo, immunofluorescence experiments were carried out to determine the regulatory effects of Mg2+ on the expression of TNF-α in 6-month-old APP/PS1 Tg mice. Mg2+ administration (100 mg/kg/d) for 2 months clearly decreased TNF-α expression in the cerebral cortex and DG region of APP/PS1 Tg mice (Figure 5A). The immunofluorescence results were further validated by qRT-PCR and western blots. Mg2+ administration (100 mg/kg/d) for 2 months in 4-month-old APP/PS1 Tg mice inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of TNF-α, PEN2 and NCT (Figures 5B–E). To evaluate the involvement of oAβ in regulating the expression of TNF-α, PEN2 and NCT, intracerebroventricular injection (i.c.v) was employed for treating WT C57BL/6 mice. The immunofluorescence experiments demonstrated that oAβ (2 μg/5 μl) injection (i.c.v) obviously increased the expression of TNF-α in the cerebral cortex and DG region of WT C57BL/6 mice. The upregulation of TNF-α was attenuated by Mg2+ (2 μg/5 μl) addition to oAβ-stimulated WT C57BL/6 mice (Figure 5F). These observations were further verified by western blots and qRT-PCR, and similar results were obtained (Figures 5G–J). Thus, it is clear that Mg2+ blocks the effects of oAβ on inducing the expression of TNF-α, PEN2 and NCT in vivo.
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Kennzeichnend für die Mastozytose ist eine pathologische Vermehrung von Mastzellen in unterschiedlichen Geweben des Körpers . Mastzellen sind Immunzellen, die aus Vorläuferzellen des Knochenmarks hervorgehen und in das Gewebe auswandern. Sie sind in besonders großer Anzahl in Haut und Schleimhäuten zu finden, und damit in Geweben, die direkt mit der Außenwelt in Verbindung stehen. Neben der Haut finden sich viele Mastzellen z. B. auch im Gastrointestinaltrakt und im Bronchialsystem. Mastzellen spielen eine zentrale Rolle bei Allergien und sind an der Regulation verschiedener Immunantworten beteiligt .
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Adverse events (AEs) were defined as any untoward medical occurrence, clinical sign or patient complaint as well as unintended disease if related or unrelated to the surgical procedures, implanted devices or ongoing DBS therapy. Using a conservative approach AEs included deterioration of preexisting conditions. Abnormal laboratory findings were excluded. AEs were collected from conventional patient records (paper charts) and electronic patient files (Soarian; Siemens, Erlangen, Germany; Dopla system; Carus, Norderstedt, Germany, and 'BIS' system; developed by one of the authors; J.A.K.). A total of 1289 source data documents could be retrieved and were evaluated. Data sources included discharge letters, reports from the outpatient clinics, surgical reports, and other documents such as reports from other institutions or hospitals. Discharge letters following DBS surgery as well as surgical reports were written by one of the authors (W.H.) experienced in deep brain stimulation since 1998. The intention was to keep these documents as complete and consistent as possible prospectively, and all patients were explicitly monitored and interviewed for possible postoperative disturbances, such as impairment of gait or speech, depression, or cognitive deficits.
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A modified Delphi process with Indigenous multi-disciplinary experts determined culturally safe measures to identify respiratory illness in Indigenous infants from birth to 6 m of age. We set out to develop a set of measures that would meet the needs of families, clinicians and researchers that were culturally safe and feasible. In total, 15 items for birth, 17 items from 1 to 6 months and 3 surveys for use at 6 months of age were identified. Future studies are required to assess the validity and reliability of and participation in surveys using these relevant and acceptable measures.
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Cross-sections of fungal tissues were examined by compound microscopy as described by . An excised region of the culture was fixed overnight in FAA [3.7% (v/v) formaldehyde, 5% (v/v) glacial acetic acid, 47% (v/v) ethanol] and dehydrated in 3 hour stages of ascending concentrations of ethanol, at 70%, 90% and 100%. Cultures were then rinsed in chloroform and infiltrated with molten Paraplast® paraffin wax and the fungal culture cross-sectioned in 10 μm sections with a Shandon MX35 blade using a Leica Microtome RM225 (Leica Microsystems). Series of sections were embedded to a glass slide by overnight incubation at 60°C. Wax was removed from the sectioned tissue by two 5-minute rinses with xylene. Sections were stained with 1% toluidine blue. Light microscopy was performed using an Olympus BH-2 compound microscope equipped with Olympus DP12 image acquisition software (Olympus America Inc., USA).
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Next, we speculated that silencing of exogenous transcripts could also be modulated by modifying the degree of base-pairing between syn-tasiRNAs and target RNAs. To test this, we used the N. benthamiana/TSWV system described above. Several syn-tasiRNA constructs were generated to express syn-tasiRNA variants syn-tasiR-TSWV-2M (35S:syn-tasiR-TSWV-2M), syn-tasiR-TSWV-3M (35S:syn-tasiR-TSWV-3M), syn-tasiR-TSWV-4M (35S:syn-tasiR-TSWV-4M) and syn-tasiR-TSWV-5M (35S:syn-tasiR-TSWV-5M) with mutated 3′ ends to produce 2, 3, 4 or 5 consecutive mismatches in syn-tasiRNA/TSWV interactions (Figure 7A and Supplementary Figure S5). In all cases, syn-tasiRNA variants were designed without significant predicted off targets in N. benthamiana and were also introduced at the 3’D2[+] position (Figure 7A). The experimental setup and analyses were the same as described above.
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A única revisão sistemática publicada sobre a utilidade dos métodos de estresse cardíaco para detecção de DCV em sobreviventes do câncer de mama concluiu que parece haver evidências de que a ecocardiografia sob estresse traga benefício para a avaliação prognóstica precoce e seguimento tardio após terapia com antraciclinas. 40
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Identificou-se que altos valores de CC e IMC-z foram associados ao maior risco de HA, entretanto, os considerados suficientemente ativos apresentaram redução de 1/3 do risco de PAD elevada, o que sugere que AF-mv pode interferir nos níveis pressóricos, além de reduzir o risco metabólico.29 Entretanto, outro estudo30 demonstrou que somente o sobrepeso e a obesidade associaram-se diretamente com HA, mas não a prática de AF-mv.31 Grande parte dos adolescentes foram considerados suficientemente ativos, o que pode estar relacionado ao nível socioeconômico, com a oferta de atividades físicas fora dos períodos escolares.32
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a Detection of methylation status at the promoter region of the CHFR gene in A2780, SKOV3, and 3AO cells with DNMT1-knockdown by Bisulfite sequencing. Ten lines with circles represent the same sequence of ten clones from one sample. CpG sites are shown as filled circles (methylated) or unfilled circles (unmethylated). The lower panel shows the summary data. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001, compared with NC siRNA group (chi-square test). b mRNA expression of CHFR in A2780, SKOV3, and 3AO cells with DNMT1-knockdown. c Cell viability assays in CHFR-overexpression A2780 and SKOV3 cells, which were transfected in advance with UBC13-specific shRNA and selected with G418 (400 μg/mL) for 14 days, and treated with paclitaxel at the indicated concentrations. d Western blotting of the indicated proteins with CHFR overexpression, which were transfected in advance with UBC13 specific shRNA and selected with G418 (400 μg/mL) for 14 days. e Cell viability assays in A2780 and SKOV3 cells with CHFR-knockdown, which were transfected in advance with pEGFP-UBC13 plasmid and selected with G418 (400 μg/mL) for 14 days, and treated with paclitaxel at indicated concentrations. f Western blotting of the indicated proteins with CHFR knockdown, which were transfected in advance with pEGFP-UBC13 plasmid and selected with G418 (400 μg/mL) for 14 days. g Cell viability assays in A2780 and SKOV3 cells with CHFR-knockdown treated with paclitaxel at the indicated concentrations. h Western blotting of the indicated proteins with CHFR-knockdown. i Cell viability assays in A2780 and SKOV3 cells with CHFR-overexpression, which were treated with paclitaxel at the indicated concentrations. j Western blotting of UBC13, DNMT1, CHFR, and Aurora A in A2780 and SKOV3 cells with CHFR-overexpression. Results are shown as means ± SEM for at least three separate experiments in (b, c, e, g, and i) (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001 in (a, c, and i); *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 for siRNA1, # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, ### P < 0.001 for siRNA2 in (e and g). One of three representative results is shown in (d, f, h, and j)
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In the indolent lymphomas group, the C1-trough in patients with a CR (median, 25.33 μg/ml, range, 8.89–55.52 μg/ml) was greater than that in patients who did not achieve a CR (median, 7.93 μg/ml, range, 2.96–15.83 μg/ml, p = 0.0001). A similar phenomenon was observed in the aggressive lymphomas group (CR, median, 25.45 μg/ml, range, 12.95–48.49 μg/ml versus non-CR, median, 4.54 μg/ml, range, 1.16–22.41 μg/ml, p < 0.0001). The rituximab concentrations and clinical outcomes of patients in the indolent and aggressive lymphomas groups were shown in Figure 3.
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The effects of ecto-5’-NT overexpression on in vivo MB growth were assessed after the subcutaneous injection of Daoy, D283ev or D283hCD73 cells in a nude mouse xenograph model. No changes in the body weight of the animals were noted during tumor growth (S1 Fig). Measurements of the maximal and minimal diameters showed that the D283ev cell line produced larger tumors compared to the other transplanted tumor type (Fig 4A and 4B and S2 Fig). The Daoy cell line generated the lowest mass within the studied tumors (S2 Fig). An important result that was obtained in this work was the reduction of the tumor growth presented by the D283hCD73 cell line (Fig 4A and 4B and S2 Fig), suggesting that the overexpression and increased activity of ecto-5’-NT favor the reduction of MB tumor growth in this in vivo model. This observation is supported by the final tumor size and weight (S1 Fig). Both results demonstrate the evident effect of ecto-5’-NT overexpression on promoting tumor reduction compared to the D283ev control. At the same time of tumor growth, Daoy cells with elevated endogenous ecto-5’-NT expression generated a smaller tumor mass. In addition, the immunoreactivity levels for ecto-5’-NT confirmed the differences between ecto-5’-NT expression rates, in accordance with the produced tumor mass, where the tumors that originated by D283hCD73 showed the most prominent reactivity for ecto-5’-NT expression, while the D283ev tumors were negative (Fig 4C).
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În concluzie, cele 5 instrumente arhitecturale pot contribui la crearea unui mediu suportiv în reabilitarea cognitivă a pacientului cu demenţă atât ca acţiune individuală cât şi ca acţiune sinergică. O utilizare inteligentă a acestor instrumente îmbunătăţeşte orientarea temporo-spaţială, ameliorează simptomele depresive şi tulburările de somn care pot întârzia apariţia rezultatelor în reabilitarea cognitivă, diminuează agitaţia, cresc apetitul şi în final gradul de independenţă. Se remarcă o ierarhie a acestor instrumente, forma este mai recunoscută de pacienţii cu demenţă decât culoarea şi culoarea mai mult decât funcţiunea unui spaţiu. Fiecare tipologie de mediu, locuinţă, centru de reabilitare, cămin poate constitui subiect pentru studii particulare.
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Changes in blood parameters are reported to be more sensitive than other parameters, such as production performance, and thus can act as indicators of mycotoxicosis in advance of other symptoms . Blood parameter changes caused by impaired protein synthesis have been shown to be marked by decreased blood total protein, globulin, and albumin levels and have been linked to mycotoxicosis. Reduced plasma protein was observed in broiler chickens fed 200 μg AFB1/kg feed , and decreased serum total protein, albumin, and globulin were observed in broiler chickens fed high AFs levels (2000 to 5000 μg/kg feed) . Toxicity due to OTA at levels of 567 μg/kg feed caused a reduction in plasma proteins, albumin, and globulins , and DON at levels of 10,000 μg/kg diets was associated with inhibition of hepatic metabolisms and transport, resulting in reduced serum total protein in broiler chickens . However, increased serum protein was observed in broiler chickens exposed to low or moderate DON levels (1680 or 12,209 μg/kg feed) . Similarly, increased total plasma protein and albumin were observed in broiler chickens due to FBs toxicity (100,000 or 200,000 μg/kg feed) . Variations in the changes of biochemical parameters observed in the different studies can be attributed to age, sex, metabolic state, breed, and levels of mycotoxins and duration of exposure. Mycotoxicosis has also been associated with disruption of cholesterol biosynthesis, and in feeding trials, decreased cholesterol levels up to 24% were observed in broiler chickens fed high AFs levels (3000 to 5000 μg/kg feeds) . In contrast, increased cholesterol levels were observed in broiler chickens fed FBs at levels of 100,000 or 400,000 μg/kg feed . Disruption of renal functions due to aflatoxicosis was reported to result in decreased serum calcium levels up to 21% in broilers fed 3000 to 4000 μg AFs/kg feed and layers fed 2500 or 5000 μg AFs/kg . However, increased serum calcium levels were observed in broilers fed FBs at levels of 100,000 to 400,000 μg/kg feed . Interferences with lipid metabolisms due to DON (10,000 μg/kg diet) toxicity resulted in reduced plasma triglycerides in broiler chicks . In the latter study, a reduction in plasma uric acid levels was also observed. Gentles et al. , however, reported increased serum uric acid levels in young broilers fed OTA at levels of 2500 μg/kg. Various studies conducted in SSA indicated that OTA was not a common contaminant of poultry feed and feed ingredients, and the levels used in the latter study are considerably high and have not been reported in the field.
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Planned or already receiving endovascular treatmentSuspected secondary stroke caused by tumor, brain trauma, or hematological diseasesAlready dependent in activities of daily living before the present acute stroke (defined as modified Rankin Scale score ≥ 2)Other conditions that lead to motor dysfunction (e.g., severe osteoarthrosis, rheumatoid arthritis)Significant renal or hepatic insufficiency (defined as a serum creatinine concentration, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) value that is twice the upper limit of normal)Life expectancy of 3 months or less due to other life-threatening illness (e.g., advanced cancer)Other conditions that render outcomes or follow-up unlikely to be assessedKnown to be pregnant or breastfeedingCurrently receiving an investigational drug
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The PSWQ is the most established worry questionnaire. It is designed to capture the generality, excessiveness and uncontrollability of worry. Respondents are asked to indicate how typical sixteen statements are of them on a five-point scale, ranging from “not at all typical of me” to “very typical of me”. A high score represents a greater degree of worry. The PSWQ has demonstrated sensitivity to change across both 6-week and 12-week therapeutic interventions for GAD (Borkovec & Costello, 1993).
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Our experiment showed that PSV observed during the contact of albino individuals is influenced by the results of their penultimate contest. The highest stress-induced response denoted a winner; the largest dilatation indicated a winner in the WL combination, while the lowest dilatation denoted a loser in the WL combination. The penultimate winning experience tends to modify the behavior of an individual during the next contest in which winning individuals tend to behave more aggressively towards a new contestant and their chance to win again increases (winner effect), while losers tend to behave more submissively and have a higher chance of losing again (loser effect) . In addition, the results of the contest are typically reflected in the physiology of the contestants . An increase in circulating androgens, e.g., testosterone hormone, predesignate winners for a victory in the next contest . Hormones produced by a loser and/or the perception of winning itself can be other reasons for higher emotional arousal of an individual with penultimate winning experience . Our results tended to show perceivable socially induced stress in winner and looser albinos that is reflected by PSV.
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Gagné (2002) conducted two priming studies in English to test whether the thematic relation between the constituents in the prime and target compounds affects the processing of modifier-head compounds. For example, the target word mountain stream (refers to stream located in a mountain) was primed either by a compound with an analogous (mountain cloud refers to cloud located in a mountain) or a dissimilar (mountain magazine refers to magazine about mountain) relation between the constituents. The prime and target compounds shared either the same modifier or the same head. She found a constituent repetition effect (a lexical effect) of similar size regardless of whether the prime and the target shared the same modifier or head. More importantly, a relation repetition effect only occurred when the prime and target shared the same relation and the same modifier, but not when they shared the same relation and the same head. This effect was observed for both high-frequent and low-frequent compounds (Gagné and Spalding, 2004, 2006).
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Over the following years, attention on maternal health gradually increased and safe and effective interventions that allow preventing maternal deaths when accessible to women with obstetric complications were developed . In spite of this progress, maternal health continues to be a major priority in the global health agenda: approximately 300 thousand women every year are still losing their lives in the process of giving life . The fact that 99% of these deaths happen in developing countries makes maternal mortality ratio the most inequitably distributed health indicator in the world . The inacceptable persistence of maternal mortality and its association with poverty prompted the global community to dedicate one of the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDG number 5) to its reduction, committing to bring the 1990 levels down by two-thirds in 2015 .
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Rezultate. Evoluția a fost favorabilă din punct de vedere funcțional rezultând îmbunatățirea transferurilor în pat, îmbunătățirea schemei de mers și a tulburărilor de echilibru. La nivelul membrului superior evoluția a fost lent favorabilă cu îmbunătățirea ușoară a abilităților.
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Por otra parte, se acogieron los siguientes criterios de seriedad de las reacciones adversas 7,16: serias, los que implicaban muerte, amenaza para la vida, prolongación de la hospitalización, incapacidad o discapacidad permanente o significativa, y no serias, aquellos que no cumplían con los criterios de seriedad.
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Otra limitación fue el no disponer de la herramienta citogenética molecular, que hubiera permitido el análisis de aquellos casos con metafases de pobre morfología cromosómica, ya se logra la identificación de genes de fusión, incluso en células en interfase. Tampoco se disponía del análisis genético molecular, el cual no se hizo en el momento de la admisión de los pacientes porque su establecimiento como prueba de rutina fue posterior.
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We first screened the dataset for associations between anti-MAYV seropositivity and putative risk factors with NHT statistics, using either Fisher's exact tests or likelihood-ratio (LR) χ2 tests from bivariate logistic regression. At this stage, we also checked for correlation between potential predictor variables. If any pair of covariates proved to be highly correlated, we planned to retain only that for which a clear hypothetical relationship with MAYV transmission could be specified; however, all correlation coefficients were <0.30 (details not shown).
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早期肺癌可以治愈，但是2/3的患者发现时已为晚期。随着低剂量CT筛查手段在高危人群中的应用，越来越多的早期肺癌结节被发现，降低了肺癌的死亡率。手术切除是NSCLC治愈主要手段之一，Ⅰa期NSCLC的5年存活率 > 75%，在不增加并发症发生率的情况下，每个病人在根治性手术切除时都要行纵隔淋巴结取样。18F-FDG PET-CT对NSCLC患者的筛查有助于临床医生选择，且患者能从手术中获益，但对淋巴结转移的鉴别具有较高的假阳性率，本研究中两组术前筛查方式均出现一定的假阳性率，但两组假阳性率的发生无显著差异，在临床随访过程中均已排除。2018版美国国立综合癌症网络（National Comprehensive Cancer Network, NCCN）指南建议 > 8 mm的肺部结节推荐PET-CT诊断或组织活检诊断，随着目前经皮穿刺活检、支气管内镜器械和技术的发展，术前病理诊断比较容易，但是筛查指南建议由于肿瘤原因、患者心肺功能异常不能耐受外科手术治疗，或者患者本人不愿意接受外科手术治疗者方可实施穿刺活检，笔者建议在明确病理诊断后有条件者行PET-CT筛查。对于在高危人群中低剂量CT筛查出怀疑肺癌的阳性结节（Ⅰa期），PET-CT筛查在这部分人群中获益多少仍不清楚。
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For practitioners supporting people in recovery, a maturational shift for people sustaining recovery in the longer term has implications when assisting maintenance of behaviour change. The transtheoretical model (Prochaska et al., 1992) highlights maintenance for people in control of their substance use. Current evidence supports the role of social identity in supporting early-stage recovery but in later stages there may be a need to make use of opportunities to develop a sense of independence, and improve self-esteem through further achievement. It is important that factors supportive of later-stage recovery maintenance are explored to facilitate timely personal development of internal resilience.
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Moreover, the input impedance between two electrodes of the fabricated resonator can be calculated as 4.2Zine=ZPZTe+Zparylenee=1jω (1C0+1Cparylene)−1jωC0 [kt2γ(z1+z2) sinγ+j2(1−cosγ)(z1+z2) cosγ+j(1+z1z2) sinγ]. Using the parameters listed in table 1 for evaluation, the results indicate that the resonator structured with a 10-μm-thick PZT backside layer and a 50-μm-thick titanium layer has a series resonant frequency of 35.85 MHz and parallel resonant frequency of 35.91 MHz. If the backside PZT layer were totally etched away and the 20-μm-thick titanium supporting layer were left, the fundamental series and parallel resonant frequencies would become 78.72 and 79.75 MHz, respectively. It is obvious that the resonator with the reduced thickness of substrate possesses higher resonant frequency. Table 1.Values used for calculation to derive the results shown in figure 6. Clamped capacitance of PZT film: 12.500 nF. Electromechanical coupling coefficient kt2 of PZT film: 0.793.material layerPZTtitaniumparylenesilveracoustic impedance (MRayl)32.627.32.638acoustic velocity (m s−1)4350610022003600
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Original quote in Italian: “Mi riallaccio a quello che diceva il collega, è facile lavorare con quelli che vanno bene, con quelli che accettano la tecnologia, con le famiglie brave, facilissimo lavorare con quelli, una volta un collega di Modena disse: salvare uno di quelli che va male… quello è il tuo lavoro, la tua soddisfazione”.
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Parmi nos patients, 41,4% avait une hypercholestérolémie élevée. De même on a noté que 12,7% des patients avaient un taux de triglycérides élevé. Pour ce qui du HDL-cholestérol, 17,4% des patients avaient un taux de HDL-Cholestérol inférieur à la normale. Le taux moyen de cholestérol HDL est de 0,60 ± 0,19 g/l et a pour valeurs extrêmes 0,24 à 1,09g/l. La différence des fréquences entre taux normal et élevé est très significative (p = 0,01). Enfin, 23,5% avaient un taux supérieur à la normale. Le taux moyen de cholestérol LDL est de 1,18 ± 0,46g/l. Enfin, on a noté une hyperglycémie chez 12,4% des patients de notre étude.
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A fost analizată și existența surselor de finanțare pentru rezidenți, medici, C.A.S. și necesitatea unor restructurări. Factorul balneoclimatic, cu implicațiile în specialitate a fost analizat prin prisma resurselor de care beneficiază România în U.E. și în lume.
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Western blot analyses of the water‐soluble proteins (WS) of mouse lenses (Figure 5a) showed significantly higher AcK modifications in the aggrelyte‐2‐treated lenses than in the untreated controls (p < 0.01) and aggrelyte‐2C‐treated lenses (p < 0.001) (Figure 5b). Equal protein loading is confirmed by Ponceau‐S staining of the membrane. The aggrelyte‐treated and untreated human lenses were separated into cortical and nuclear proteins, and the AcK content was assessed by western blot analysis. The results showed significantly higher AcK content in both the cortical and nuclear proteins (p < 0.05) of aggrelyte‐2‐treated lenses than in the untreated lenses (Figure 5c–f). The AcK levels in the cortical and nuclear proteins of aggrelyte‐2C‐treated lenses were statistically insignificant when compared to those in the untreated controls (Figure 5g–j). In addition, the LC–MS/MS results showed significantly (p < 0.0001) higher AcK content in aggrelyte‐2‐treated mouse lenses than in the aggrelyte‐2C‐treated or untreated control lenses (Figure 6a). Similarly, human lens cortical proteins showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of AcK when compared to the untreated control lenses (Figure 6b). However, in the case of nuclear proteins, there was a slight but statistically insignificant difference between the aggrelyte‐2‐treated lenses and controls or aggrelyte‐2‐treated and aggrelyte‐2C‐treated lenses (Figure 6c). The absence of a significant difference in the AcK levels in the nuclear proteins of aggrelyte‐2 treated lenses when compared to the controls in the LC–MS/MS analyses despite a significant difference between the two groups in western blotting data is possibly due to the poor enzymatic digestion of the highly cross‐linked nuclear proteins (prior to LC–MS/MS analyses). Nonetheless, these results suggested that aggrelyte‐2 permeated the lenses (cortex, and possibly nucleus in the case of the human lenses), acetylated lysine residues in proteins, and promoted the solubility of proteins.
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Table 1 shows the correlation matrix. We can see from Table 1 that job engagement is significantly related to spiritual leadership (r = 0.16, p < 0.05), cognitive reappraisal (r = 0.27, p < 0.01), and expressive suppression (r = −0.19, p < 0.05) all being positively related to employee job engagement, respectively.
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Con base en los datos recogidos en el presente estudio, se elaboran las siguientes recomendaciones: Establecer en las leyes y reglamentos de tránsito municipales, estatales y federales el nivel máximo de alcohol permitido al conducir en 0,25 mg/L de aire espirado y 0,1 mg/L de aire espirado para conductores jóvenes o noveles.Adecuar los límites máximos de velocidad a las recomendaciones de la OMS.Incluir la prohibición explícita de hablar o textear al conducir en los distintos ordenamientos jurídicos.Conducir análisis al interior de los estados para evaluar en qué medida sus municipios siguen las disposiciones estatales.Evaluar en qué medida las sanciones establecidas actualmente desincentivan conductas de riesgo de forma exitosa y, de ser necesario, ajustarlas.
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Netrin-1 is a laminin-related secreted protein that is widely expressed in many tissues, including renal tissues. In recent studies, netrin-1 was shown to play a role in the migration of vascular endothelial cells and accelerating angiogenesis [9, 10], tumor progression, and growth and regulation of inflammation [11–13]. In particular, dysregulation of netrin-1 after ischemia contributes to the development of renal failure; further, studies indicate that downregulation of netrin-1 in vascular endothelial cells may promote endothelial cell activation and infiltration of leukocytes into the kidney, thereby enhancing tubular injury . Netrin-1 is also known to regulate inflammatory cell migration and their functions in many diseases and suppress acute kidney injury (AKI) . However, whether netrin-1 is associated with the anti-EndoMT mechanisms in CKDs is still unknown.
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Il s'agit d'une patiente âgée de 27 ans, sans antécédents personnels particuliers et au antécédents familiaux chargés de maladies auto-immunes: diabète type 1 chez deux frères et thyroïdite de Hashimoto chez la mère. A 4 semaines d'aménorrhée soit un mois avant son hospitalisation, la patiente a présentée des signes cardinaux de diabète d'installation brutale avec un amaigrissement important. Devant l'accentuation des signes cardinaux et l'installation d'une altération d'état général, la patiente a été hospitalisée au service de réanimation pour une acidocétose diabétique. A l'examen, la patiente avait un état de conscience altéré avec un Glascow à 11/15 associé à une respiration ample et des signes cliniques de déshydratation extracellulaire. La tension artérielle systolique était à 100 mm Hg avec une fréquence respiratoire à 96/min. La glycémie initiale était à 5,4 g/l, l'acétonurie à 4 croix et la glycosurie à 4 croix. L'osmolarité était 304 mmol/l. Le gaz du sang a montré une acidose sévère avec PH à 7,1 et des réserves alcalines à 12 mmol/l. Elle a bénéficiée d'une réanimation avec hydratation et insulinothérapie par voie intraveineuse. L'évolution a été marquée par l'amélioration de l'état de conscience et d'hydratation, la disparition de l'acidose et l'amélioration de chiffres glycémiques ainsi que des troubles ioniques au bout de 3 jours. Au 4ème jour de son hospitalisation, la patiente a présenté des paresthésies des 4 membres prédominant au niveau des pieds et des mains associées à une faiblesse musculaire d'installation rapide. Cette symptomatologie a évoluée rapidement vers une paralysie des 2 membres inférieurs associée à des dorsalgies et des crampes musculaires suivis par une béance sphinctérienne, dysarthrie, des troubles de la déglutition dans un contexte d'apyrexie se compliquant d'une défaillance respiratoire. Par ailleurs, des troubles neurovégétatives ont été notées avec une tachycardie à 120 battements par minute associé à une tension artérielle systolique à 100 mm Hg.
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Ultimately, TSSC4 needs to be displaced to give rise to mature U5 snRNP or U4/U6–U5 tri-snRNP. Entropy-enthalpy compensation has been suggested as a fundamental principle underlying the formation of highly specific IDP–protein interactions that still exhibit limited thermodynamic stability and are, thus, reversible (83). This principle also seems to be realized by TSSC4. Each TSSC4 binding region buries a considerable amount of surface area upon interaction with PRPF8Jab1ΔC or SNRNP200HR (interface areas between 526 and 895 Å2), suggesting that the individual regions are recognized with high specificity. At the same time, we observe that the TSSC4 regions become immobilized upon binding, as revealed by clearly defined cryoEM density. This observation suggests that complex formation may be associated with a significant loss of conformational entropy within the bound TSSC4 regions. We, therefore, suggest that the highly specific interactions that ensue between TSSC4 regions and the SNRNP200HR–PRPF8Jab1ΔC complex are still of limited thermodynamic stability, as would be required for an assembly factor that relies on specific, yet reversible binding.
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Se calcularon las tasas de mortalidad ajustadas por edad para la enfermedad de Chagas, la leishmaniasis, la equinococosis y la lepra para las provincias argentinas y los decenios 1991-2000 y 2007-2016, a fin de representar y comparar períodos extremos. Estas tasas se representan en mapas, categorizadas en cuartiles o terciles (según corresponda) y utilizando esquemas de color secuenciales (21). Para el ajuste por edad de las tasas de mortalidad se utilizó el método directo (con sus intervalos de confianza de 95% (IC95%) utilizando la población mundial estándar definida por la OMS (22).
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The octreotide test (OCT) was performed (0.1 mg, subcutaneously, once; measuring TSH levels after 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 24, 48 and 72 hours; determining GH levels after 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours), which was considered as eligible suppression if the levels of GH and TSH decreased to less than 50% of their baseline level. GH and IGF-1 were measured by automatic chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (Immulite 2000®; Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, USA). The IGF-1 to ULN ratio (IGF-1/ULN) was transformed from the absolute value using age- and sex-matched ULNs at our institute to make IGF-1 comparable between patients. Thyroid hormones, including FT3, FT4 and TSH, were tested by the direct chemiluminescence method (ADVIA Centaur, Siemens, USA). The reference intervals of the laboratory in PUMCH were as follows: FT3, 1.80-4.10 pg/ml; FT4, 0.81-1.89 ng/dl; TSH, 0.38-4.34 μIU/ml. Following an overnight fast for at least 8 hours, blood samples were collected from all patients in the early morning. Serum glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and other hormones related to anterior pituitary function were determined by conventional automated laboratory methods in the clinical laboratory of PUMCH.
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Mentre che l’imperadore era a Pietrasanta, per grande maraviglia, e cosa nuova e strana, gli fu presentata una fanciulla femmina d’età di sette anni, tutta lanuta come una pecora, di lana rossa mal tinta, ed era piena per tutta la persona di quella lana insino all’ estremità delle labra e degli occhi. L’imperadrice, maravigliatasi di vedere un corpo umano così maravigliosamente vestito dalla natura, l’accomandò a sue damigelle che la nudrissono e guardassono, e menolla nella Magna.4
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Our protocol describes the energetic coupling as a measure of the local non-bonded energy contribution of surface residues to intraprotein stability. The concept is an expansion of the Energy Decomposition Method (EDM) used for assessing the determinants of stability of protein 3D folds193031 and originates from BEPPE161718, a further derivation of EDM employed in the prediction of immunoreactive epitopes202132. The methodological outline of this study, starting from the atomic coordinates of the proteins and getting to a per-residue representation of the energy distribution in the system, is schematically shown in Fig. 1. We collected the structural information of all proteins in their unbound and bound form (60 + 30 PDB codes), and ran energy minimizations for each of them (see Methods). The energetic determinants were computed as described in Scarabelli et al.16 using the AMBER 11 software package33. The EDM analysis is used at this stage to reconstruct a simplified energy matrix from the non-bonded interaction energy contributions (van der Waals and Coulombic interactions) by the combination of a set of principal eigenvectors selected according to their level of representation of the full energy matrix (see Methods). The resulting matrix (Fig. 1) is filtered by the respective protein contact map, which finally provides the contributions to stability due solely to local interactions.
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Este es el primer caso de enfermedad de Erdheim-Chester en la población pediátrica reportado en Colombia y el segundo en Latinoamérica. En Colombia, se había reportado un caso de esta enfermedad en un adulto de 53 años con diagnóstico de fractura patológica de húmero 32. En Latinoamérica, se había reportado un caso en México, el de una niña de dos años de edad con compromiso óseo y orbitario, cuya reacción terapéutica a la quimioterapia citotóxica de segunda línea con vinblastina y corticoesteroides fue adecuada 11.
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Der negative Einfluss der invasiven Beatmung auf die Niere ist Folge hoher Beatmungsdrücke (insbesondere des positiven endexspiratorischen Drucks, PEEP) und daraus resultierender intrathorakaler und -abdomineller Drücke. Durch den erhöhten intrathorakalen Druck wird der venöse Rückfluss zum Herzen behindert, was zu einem verminderten Herzzeitvolumen mit Rechtsherzbelastung und venöser Kongestion führen kann. Verstärkt durch erhöhte intraabdominelle Drücke kommt es so zu einer Verminderung der Nierenperfusion . Darüber hinaus spielen neurohormonelle Effekte eine wichtige Rolle, vor allem vermittelt durch die Aktivierung des Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosteron(RAA)-Systems und des Sympathikus, die vermehrte Freisetzung von antidiuretischem Hormon (ADH) und die Verminderung der atrialen natriuretischen Peptide (ANP/BNP). Alle diese Mechanismen führen zu einem reduzierten renalen Blutfluss, zu einer Reduktion der glomerulären Filtrationsrate (GFR) und schließlich zu einer Oligurie .
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Our lab isolate of MG1655, and the related strain AMD052, displayed a poorly motile phenotype. PCR using JW3100 and JW5358 demonstrated that these strains lacked an IS element upstream of the flhDC, which is required for high-level motility. Epitope tagged strains were generated from AMD052, and were thus initially poorly motile as well. To isolate highly motile derivatives, saturated overnight cultures of strains AMD052 and preliminary epitope-tagged strains were spotted (5 µL) onto soft TB agar (0.3%) and incubated at 30°C. Motile subpopulations began emerging between 20 and 24 hours. We typically observed 1–5 motile subpopulations on each plate. Motile cells were collected from stabs, yielding motile strains DMF35, DMF11, DMF14, and RPB081. IS element insertion was verified by PCR and sequencing with oligonucleotides JW3100 and JW5358 (Wadsworth Center Applied Genomic Technologies Core; File S1).
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本组研究基于上述理论，通过观察重组人血管内皮抑制素静脉持续泵入联合窗口期（第4天）动脉灌注化疗治疗晚期肺鳞癌10例患者与同期住院单纯行动脉灌注化疗治疗的10例患者比较，评价其近期疗效及安全性。结果显示联合治疗组患者的有效率和疾病控制率均高于单纯治疗组，但差异未达到统计学意义。联合治疗组患者的不良反应低于单纯治疗组，但差异无统计学意义。联合治疗组有1例患者在行第2周期重组人血管内皮抑制素泵入时出现了一过性的心悸，心电图显示为窦性心动过速，予对症药物处理后好转，未再出现心悸症状。我们认为重组人血管内皮抑制素可以提高动脉灌注化疗疗效，降低化疗毒副反应，且自身毒副反应轻微，患者的远期疗效值得期待。由于本研究样本量小，数据说服力相对较差，需要扩大病例数进一步研究探讨。
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Using watermarking for sensor integrity checks in WSN started in 2003 with the Feng et al. proposal of embedding cryptographically encoded signatures into the data payload. In , Ibrahim and Hussam introduced a fragile watermark technique for securing the wireless sensor networks from insertion, deletion, and replay attacks. In their proposed FWC-D method, they generated a serial number to attach each group of transmissions to help receivers in determining the insertions and deletions. The watermark is generated using a simple hash function. In , Ibaida et al. introduced watermarking methods to include patient information in the health data. Their approach is designed to preserve the main features of the ECG, even after embedding the patient metadata. A basic variation of QIM called the least significant bit (LSB) modification method, wherein the least significant bits of the linearly transformed host signal samples are replaced with the bitstream to be embedded, is evaluated in this work. In , a single bit watermark was generated using a simple XOR operation for a homogeneous sensor network. Sun et al. proposed a watermark generating mechanism based on a one-way hash function. The watermark calculated for each data byte is aggregated using the XOR function and embedded at a predefined redundant space, making it a simple strategy that provides end-to-end integrity. Lalem proposed a linear interpolation based watermarking method. It does not generate additional data for watermarks, but the usage if a fixed parameter for all nodes is a security vulnerability. In , the watermark was generated based on a key and length known to both source and sink. Additionally, to reduce the computation complexity, it is assumed that the data have header information and is time-synchronized. In other words, it is expected that all types of data in the one working cycle use the same collected time. Watermark bits are randomly placed (using the random generator) in the data header and then extracted and compared to find the integrity. In , Alromih et al. proposed a Randomized watermarking filtering scheme (RWFS) for IoT applications. The watermark is randomly embedded into the encrypted data using a pseudo-random generator. Random generator parameters are determined by the cluster from which the packet is generated. The embedded watermark is retrieved and compared to the generated watermark over a shared key. This method provides end-to-end data confidentiality due to encryption and data integrity from replay, injection, and modification attacks due to the watermarking.
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Die Berücksichtigung der Präferenzen der Therapiesuchenden kann folglich als relevant für den therapeutischen Prozess angenommen werden und sollte als Einflussfaktor auf die Wirksamkeit der Therapie bereits im Rahmen des Suchprozesses und im Sinne einer leitliniengerechten Behandlung psychischer Erkrankungen ermöglicht werden (z. B. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik und Nervenheilkunde et al. 2015).
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Diagnósticos de nasofaringe representaram 0,9%, com 24 casos. Desses, 50% foram a óbito e a probabilidade de sobrevivência foi de 50,0% (IC95% 29,1–67,8) (Tabela 1 e Figura 1). Houve mais registros em homens, com 65 anos ou menos, e nove anos ou mais de escolaridade. Apenas a variável faixa etária apresentou valor de p < 0,20, no qual o grupo com 66 anos ou mais demonstrou pior probabilidade de sobrevivência (Tabela 2).
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With regard to ER (and estrogen) beneficial or detrimental effects in the brain, the literature is extensive, but also full of inconsistencies, likely due to the pleiotropic nature of estrogen depending on disease state, cell type, dosing, timing, receptor-activating pathways, and so forth. Estradiol is highly lipophilic and can easily pass the BBB to modulate neuronal activity, particularly in the limbic system, which is rich in estrogen receptors. A role for estrogen receptors in neuroinflammation has been recognized. The selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) raloxifene, for example, can elicit robust neuroprotection against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, partially via an inhibitory action on NF-κB and CCL20, a chemokine involved in neuroinflammation .
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This study used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database (NHIRD) to examine the correlation between DM and odontogenic infections in patients. The results provide suggestions for clinical treatment for and prevention of such infections in DM patients, thereby improving the quality of oral healthcare for these patients.
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β-thalassemic patients have impairment in glucose homeostasis22. The occurrence of such endocrine disorders in β-thalassemia patients relates to a number of factors which may include an impaired β-cells function that in turn reflect a reduction in insulin secretion index, age, the severity of genotype, annual red blood consumption, uncontrolled iron overload, number of blood transfusions and few others22. HU treatment would probably resolve these complications and bring glycemic profile back to normal, as indicated in the result. Appropriate insight into the glycemic abnormalities in patients direct in early diagnosis and management of the disease. One of the principal element of triglycerides and phospholipids is glycerol that can be utilize as a source of energy after conversion in to glucose by liver. It also involves in metabolism of glycerophospholipid and glycerolipid. Identification and quantification of abnormal level of glycerol in many disorders have been done29,30. So, it is certain that during β-thalassemia because of metabolic stress glycerol is more consumed for energy production. Serum glycerol levels were going back to the normal range after HU medication because of reduction of metabolic stress in β-thalassemia patients as less glycerol is consumed for energy production. Fucose is a hexose deoxy terminal sugar in glycoconjugates in mammals, insects and plants, fundamental sub-unit of fucoidan (sulfated) polysaccharide. Critically regulates various physiological and pathological phenomena, including cancer and inflammation. Currently, fucose gaining considerable importance in the post-genomics and post-proteomic period of diagnosis and prognosis of cancer31. Fucose containing sulfated polysaccharides (FCSPs) offers several potentially beneficial bioactive functions for the human. Former study reveals that high levels of it induce aggravate apoptosis may be accountable for early degradation of RBCs in β-thalassemia32. HU treatment decrease RBCs degradation resulting in the improvement in membrane integrity. Therefore, the level of fucose returned to normal post-treatment.
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As a secondary outcome, we investigated potential links between the magnitude of the estimated JNDs and subject-specific fitness variables. At the close of the experiment, subjects completed a survey in which they indicated how many hours per week they typically performed endurance activities (e.g. running), how many years they had spent performing these athletic activities, and their Body Mass Index (BMI). The intent of this survey was to provide initial investigation into potential underlying factors that may influence metabolic perception.
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En este sentido, asumiendo una respuesta similar en humanos y dado el común denominador de la SNCA con el alcoholismo y el estreñimiento, el objetivo del estudio fue determinar la relación entre la expresión de la alfa sinucleína en sangre, las variantes de nucleótido único (SNV) en la región promotora del gen y el estreñimiento crónico en una muestra de población residente en Bogotá con problemas de consumo de alcohol.
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Box-plots and ROC curves of miR-34b/c, miR-193b and miR-1258 promoter methylation levels across urine sediments of controls (HD) and prostate cancer patients (PCa) from Cohort #3. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate the performance of the gene promoter methylation panel (miR-34b/c+miR-193b)
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The serum-treated monocytes were washed twice with the FACS buffer, counted, checked for viability, and resuspended in FACS at a concentration of approximately 1 × 106 cells/mL (approximately 2.5 × 105 cells). The monocytes were then incubated for 15 min at 4 °C with anti-CD14-FITC (1:50, clone REA599, Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany), anti-CD16-PE (1:50, clone eBi-oCB16, eBioscience, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA, USA), and anti-CD62L-PE-Vio770 (1:80, clone 145/15, Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany), washed twice with FACS and resuspended in FACS.
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In all experiments, for signal detection, tissue sections were incubated for 1 h at RT with anti-rabbit Alexa Fluor 568 antibody, or anti-mouse Alexa Fluor 488 antibody or anti-rat Alexa Fluor 488 antibody at 1:1,000 (Life Technologies, USA). Nuclei were stained with DAPI and tissue sections mounted with Fluoromount Aqueous Mounting Medium (Sigma-Aldrich, USA). Images were acquired on the confocal Leica TCS SP5 microscope (Leica Microsystems, Germany).
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The characterization of protein formulations in freshly prepared solutions was performed using a nanoDSF system (Prometheus NT. Plex, NanoTemper Technologies GmbH, Germany). The Tryptophan fluorescence of protein X was measured between 330 and 350 nm, providing the unfolding temperature, Tm, of the protein, at which 50% of the protein is folded and 50% is unfolded. The temperature during the measurements was increased from 20 °C to 95 °C at a rate of 1 °C/min and 40% excitation power. For the sample preparation, 20 µL of each sample was pipetted into 384 well plates and centrifuged for 5 min at 5100 rpm (T = 20 °C). After centrifugation, the capillaries used for the analysis with the nanoDSF were filled with the samples through capillary forces, avoiding the formation of air bubbles. The measurements were performed in quintuplets (n = 5). The Tm values of the protein alone and in the presence of the selected excipients measured in the drying relevant solution were used as a stability descriptor for the comparison.
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本组患儿均采用了不含抗胸腺细胞球蛋白（ATG）的清髓性预处理方案，移植后42 d中性粒细胞累积植入率为95.0％（95％CI 90.0％～97.5％）。最近一项纳入331例患者的国内多中心单份UCBT研究显示，TBI/Cy预处理组（200例）粒细胞植入率高于Bu/Cy预处理组（131例）（98.0％对91.6％，P<0.001），但Bu/Cy预处理组粒细胞植入时间较TBI/Cy组短（16 d对19 d，P<0.001）。本组160例AML患儿资料也得到类似结果（其中126例包含在上述多中心研究中）。
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In contrast, SWMR MIP-images could overcome these difficulties. SWMR is a 3-dimensional MRI gradient echo sequence, which highlights changes in magnetic susceptibility by generating contrasts based on differences in magnetic susceptibility. Magnetic susceptibility is the effect a substance generates, when it is placed in a magnetic field14,24. Each substance or tissue behaves different in a magnetic field and therefore leads to a specific distortion of the magnetic field. Paramagnetic substances (e.g. ferritin and deoxyhaemoglobin) line up with the external magnetic field, whereas diamagnetic substances (e.g. calcium and bone minerals) line opposed to the external magnetic field14,24,28,29. In different studies, it was shown that SWMR enables the differentiation between paramagnetic and diamagnetic substances based on their phase shift16,22,28,30–34. In this study, SWMR enabled the identification of the osseous measuring points for a reliable measurement of Sharp´s angle, Tönnis angle and lateral center–edge angle of Wiberg.
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Increasing the biomass loading from 2 to 50 wt% showed a steady increase in pulp yields from 51 to 63%, while lignin yields decreased from quantitative recovery at 2 wt% loading to 48.3% at 50 wt% loading (Fig. 1). Similarly, delignification and saccharification yield decreased gradually from 86 and 77%, respectively, to 47% and 23% in the same range. Lower saccharification yields could be due to a higher amount of lignin present in the pulp, as it has been previously suggested50,51. Some protic ILs can dissolve up to 70 wt% lignin52, making saturation unlikely, but the addition of ethanol can precipitate large fragments of lignin during the pulp wash53. Therefore, the decrease in lignin yields and delignification combined with the increase in pulp yields may be due to precipitation of lignin during the ethanol washing step, an idea reinforced by the results of the experiments with DMSO washing (see below). At higher loadings, the higher concentrations of dissolved lignin resulted in a greater amount of re-precipitation upon anti-solvent addition. To elucidate if this influences the initial hydrolysis rate, as redeposited lignin hinders the accessible surface area of the pulp for the enzymes, the kinetics of the enzymatic hydrolysis over a 7-day period of the pulps was investigated. Initial hydrolysis rate (glucose released in the first 2 h) and biomass digestibility after 7 days were estimated (Figure ESI-3, Table 1).Figure 1Comparison of the key pretreatment parameters—pulp yield, lignin and saccharification yields and delignification- after pretreatment of Miscanthus with [TEA][HSO4] (water content of 20 wt%) for 6 h at 120 °C at different biomass loadings, ranging from 2 to 50 wt%. Errors were calculated as standard deviation across triplicates.Table 1Initial glucose release after 2 h and final glucose release after 7 days of hydrolysis.Initial hydrolysis rate (% h−1)a7 day glucose yield (wt% glucan in untreated biomass)b7 day glucose yield (wt% glucan in biomass pulp)cUntreated Miscanthus0.7 ± 0.112.2 ± 0.812.2 ± 0.82% loading6.1 ± 0.777.3 ± 3.693.3 ± 5.15% loading5.3 ± 0.173.3 ± 3.8–10% loading5.2 ± 0.368.3 ± 1.178.4 ± 4.320% loading3.7 ± 0.249.6 ± 1.560.1 ± 1.830% loading2.8 ± 0.245.4 ± 1.7–40% loading2.3 ± 0.434.5 ± 1.7–50% loading1.5 ± 0.323.1 ± 0.526.5 ± 0.6aInitial hydrolysis rate determined as glucose released after first 2 h of hydrolysis.b,cFinal glucose release after 7 day is expressed as two different percentages of glucose release: (b) relative to untreated biomass, and (c) relative to pretreated pulp.
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Phylogenetic relationships and selection of the C. gattii clonal subclades. (a) A RAxML tree with the GTRCAT model and 1000 bootstrap replicates next to a histogram showing the number of genes with binned dN/dS (ω) values. (b) Histogram of 714 genes with values from the branch site model (BSM) of selection in PAML. The remaining genes did not have values (e.g. owing to insufficient genetic distance). The dashed red line is at q = 0.01, which we have used as a cut-off for significance. (Online version in colour.)
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In the patients with complete data set, we determined JADAS10 and cJADAS10 cut-off values for the Wallace preliminary criteria of CID,7 LDA and MDA according to Beukelman et al,10 and HDA according to Backström et al13 using three different receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC)-based methods: the one closest to point (0.1) and the Youden index,21 which yield the highest degree of combined sensitivity and specificity, and the 75th centile. The area under the ROC curve was determined. The cut-off values were further validated by counting the correct classification rate (CCR) and the too high and too low classification rates of the values.
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In kinetic modelling, every chemical reaction has to be characterised by a kinetic law and by the corresponding parameters. The convenience kinetics applies to arbitrary reaction stoichiometries and captures biologically relevant behaviour (saturation, activation, inhibition) with a small number of free parameters. It represents a simple molecular reaction mechanism in which substrates bind rapidly and in random order to the enzyme, without energetic interaction between the binding sites. The same holds for the dissociation of products.
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Na ausência de um meio prontamente aplicável para medir diretamente a WSS, a modelagem em CFD tem sido aplicada em imagens de TC e RM para se compreender os padrões espaciais e temporais da WSS e a influência da fluidodinâmica aórtica nesse parâmetro.7-9 Usando imagens de TC como entrada em uma modelagem em CFD, Celis et al.,10 demonstraram que pequenas variações no ângulo de inclinação da válvula aórtica podem modificar a natureza do fluxo e produzir alterações na distribuição da WSS na parede aórtica.
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Voor de samenhang tussen constructen van eetgedrag en sociaal-emotionele gezondheid valt op dat nauwelijks verbanden werden gevonden vóór de coronacrisis. Dit was anders tijdens de eerste lockdown, waar de consumptie van bepaalde suikerhoudende dranken en ongezonde snacks (variabelen 7, 8, 13, 14, en 15) samenhing met meer stress thuis (variabele 32) en minder relatietevredenheid met ouders (variabele 34).
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Consequently, a variety of vaccines adjuvanted with MPLA have been developed. Several subcutaneously delivered MPLA vaccines have been approved for commercial use, for example Pollinex® Quattro (against pollen allergies) and Fendrix (against hepatitis B) . Intramuscularly administered MPLA vaccines against Plasmodium falciparum , Neisseria meningitidis , and Herpes simplex have been tested in clinical settings.
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Nous nous étions fixés pour objectif général de déterminer le profil épidémiologique, clinique et thérapeutique des atrésies de l´œsophage au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mère-Enfant Fondation Jeanne Ebori de Libreville. Les atrésies de l´œsophage représentaient 11% des urgences chirurgicales admises en médecine néonatale durant notre période d´étude. Le sexe ne semble avoir aucune incidence sur la survenue de cette pathologie. Ils avaient une moyenne d´âge de 37SA+2 jours. Les délais diagnostiques étaient de 4 jours et les délais thérapeutiques de 0,8 jours en moyenne. Elle est une hantise pour le chirurgien pédiatre dans les pays en voie de développement, car sa mortalité reste élevée. La première difficulté rencontrée est le retard diagnostic. L´amélioration de son pronostic passe par l´amélioration du plateau technique médical, paramédical instrumental ainsi que de la collaboration entre les gynécologues obstétriciens, les pédiatres et chirurgiens pédiatres.
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We assessed differentiation using experience sampling data and computed differentiation following past research (e.g., Erbas et al., 2014). First, we computed the average ICC measuring consistency (Shrout and Fleiss, 1979) between negative emotions (i.e., bored, sluggish, sad, frustrated, nervous, and angry) and between positive emotions (i.e., relaxed, content, calm, happy, excited, and enthusiastic) across the experience sampling surveys, resulting in NED and PED, respectively. Based on 2 considerations, 14 participants (11 healthy controls, 3 current depressed) with negative ICC values obtained from ratings of negative emotions were re-coded as having a value of zero rather than excluding them from analyses. First, theorists have stated that negative ICC values can be interpreted as representing low agreement between ratings (Giraudeau, 1996; Taylor, 2010). Second, in our data set, participants with negative ICC values and with lower ICC values (0–0.50) were similar in (a) the average number and percent of zero responses per prompt, and (b) average levels of negative affect intensity and variance per prompt. Negative ICC values may have resulted in part from participants responding to fewer prompts (relative to participants with positive, high and low ICC values). Thus, like participants with low ICC values, we considered participants with negative ICC values as having high emotion differentiation. Then we transformed the ICC values using a Fisher’s r-to-z transformation (Pond et al., 2012). Finally, because higher ICC values reflect greater similarity in ratings of different emotions across occasions (i.e., lower differentiation), we subtracted the transformed scores from one, so that higher scores reflected greater differentiation to ease interpretation.
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Interpersonal difficulties, previous psychotherapeutic experience, and the time passed since psychotherapy were significantly correlated with the frequency of SE and were, thus, included in the linear regression model to predict SE. The model reached statistical significance, F(3,193) = 6.540, p < 0.001, and explained 7.8% of the variance of SEs’ frequency. All included predictors reached statistical significance. Time since psychotherapy emerged as the strongest predictor (β = −0.177, p = 0.011), indicating that less SE were reported if more time had passed since outpatient psychotherapy. Additionally, prior experience with psychotherapy in comparison with none (β = 0.174, p = 0.014) and more current interpersonal difficulties (β = 0.167, p = 0.017) significantly predicted a higher frequency of reported SE. All underlying statistics are displayed in Table 3.
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Wirus cytomegalii ma długi cykl replikacyjny, a zakażone nim komórki ulegają znacznemu powiększeniu, czemu towarzyszy pojawienie się jądrowych i cytoplazmatycznych ciałek wtrętowych. HCMV, podobnie jak inne wirusy z rodziny Herpesviridae, charakteryzuje się zdolnością do latencji w makrofagach, w subpopulacji CD8 limfocytów T oraz w komórkach gruczołów wydzielania wewnętrznego, jak również możliwością okresowej reaktywacji . Wirus CMV może się rozprzestrzeniać w płynach ustrojowych (mocz, łzy, sperma, ślina, krew, mleko kobiece, wydzielina szyjki macicy). Z tego też powodu zarówno ostre pierwotne zakażenie ciężarnej, ale również zakażenie wtórne jako konsekwencja „obudzenia” i reaktywacji wirusa latentnego lub też reinfekcji (zakażenia wirusem cytomegalii o innym serotypie) stanowią istotne ryzyko zakażenia płodu i związane z nim konsekwencje w postaci jego obumarcia, poronienia, porodu przedwczesnego lub ciężkich zaburzeń neurologicznych w przyszłości.
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DNA from NPP-RI and all the successive passages were compared to that from CpGV-M using EcoRI, BamHI, PstI, SalI and XhoI. Submolar fragments were observed in all isolates, but their relative proportions changed over passages. The characteristic pattern of CpGV-M, in conformity with the published sequence, was observed for all enzymes in the NPP-R1 isolate, mixed with a new pattern, characterized for a supplementary EcoRI site around position 58000, the disappearance of the BamHI site at 17745; the appearance of two PstI sites at 38800 and 86500; for SalI, two supplementary sites were observed around positions 13100 and 49000. No differences were detected on XhoI profiles. From passages 4–16, this new profile becomes more frequent. At passage 16, the CpGV-M pattern is undetectable. These changes are represented in Figure 1.
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Al retirar el ítem 4 de GOHAI, el alfa de Cronbach llegaría a ser 0.81, lo que significa que la consistencia interna cambiaría en un solo dígito, un aspecto que no implica cambios conceptuales en las pruebas de consistencia interna; por lo tanto, no se aceptó la exclusión del ítem 4.
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This paper developed a framework to analyze the drivers’ attention prediction performance based on motion features. To investigate the effectiveness of motion features, we proposed a multi-scale framework that augments optical flow to improve the prediction performance. The usefulness of motion features was verified by comparing the prediction accuracy of the proposed network and the current state-of-art networks using RGB frames. As a result, the comparisons confirm that the prediction accuracy of the attention maps generated by the proposed network was comparable to that of the current state-of-art network. This fact sufficiently supports our assumption that motion features are important in the sense that motion cues pushing drivers’ attention can benefit the current model with visual features only. Further investigation of training using the fused visual appearance and motion features will be a subject of future study. We hope that this study will motivate further developments in spatiotemporal drivers’ attention prediction and essential for real-world applications.
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According to the number of ANC visits made by mother during her last pregnancy, mothers were categorized into four groups (no visits, 1–3, ≥4, or don’t know/missing). Place of birth delivery was categorized into: home, public sector including parastatal health care facilities, or private sector.
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With the advancement of neonatal and pediatric intensive care practices, some of the airway problems we now see are acquired lesions (stenosis or malacia) following instrumentation of the airway and use of positive pressure ventilation or following newer therapies introduced for management of congenital problems. Major tracheobronchial abnormalities had been identified in preterm neonates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia even during the 1980s, with about half of them requiring surgical intervention (2–4). Higher averaged mean airway pressures during the first week after birth and lower gestational age were found to be clinical features associated with tracheomalacia (5). High pressure exerted on a developing airway or chronic inflammation, for example from intubation and mechanical ventilation, may cause weakness of the cartilaginous portion leading to tracheomalacia and acquired tracheomegaly. Recent trials where a balloon occlusion device is introduced into the fetal trachea, in an attempt to increase lung growth in patients diagnosed antenatally with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, have led to focal tracheomegaly from the presence of the device in the developing airway. This results in a large and floppy trachea, which has led to subsequent respiratory difficulties (6, 7).
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