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The eight section was focused on the measurement of body proportions, the participant's height was measured manually, weight, body mass index (BMI), and concentration of muscle-mass, water and fat in participant's body was measured and calculated the Medisana BS 440 Connect device.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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167,290 |
Finally, we measured the velocity of left ventricular blood flow 12 weeks after therapy. MV E and MV A velocities were significantly decreased in the Dox‐ but not the Dox + Exer‐treated mice (Figure 6G,H). Indices of left ventricular diastolic function at 12 weeks after therapy, as quantified by mitral inflow velocity and MV E/A ratio, also revealed significant differences between control versus Dox but not Dox + Exer‐treated mice (Figure 6I,J). In addition, in the Dox‐treated mice, the left ventricular diastolic function measurements 12 weeks after therapy had significantly worsened compared to the measurements taken 2 weeks after therapy (Figure 3H,I) with the E/A ratio now <1, suggesting continued deterioration of left ventricular compliance.
| 4 | 0biomedical
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343,373 |
The application of the formulated inocula both as single strain or as a co-inoculum reduced the damage from grubs of M. melolontha only in one (NW) of the two plantations (Figure 1). The damage was about 50% in comparison to untreated control each year, irrespective of the strain used, with the exception of BA at the end of the third year. In both locations, the percentage of damage increased during the years, for both treated and untreated plants, but in general to a lesser extent for the plants growing on inoculated soil than in untreated ones. This has resulted in a significant interaction between the treatment and the season in the statistical analysis for the NW trial (p ≤ 0.001) and almost significant for BZ trial (p = 0.055) (Supplementary Material Table S2). Consequently, the efficacy of the applied bioinocula ranged considerably between the sites and the seasons (Table 1).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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87,119 |
We monitored the lekking behaviour and mating success of male black grouse from late April to early May (i.e. during the mating season). These observations were undertaken daily (0300–0900 hours) from hides located in the vicinity of the leks,. We drew activity maps at regular intervals and recorded the spatial location and current behaviour of each male (inactive, hissing, rookooing, or fighting; Höglund et al. 1997). Female presence on the leks was also recorded. All copulations were documented and partners identified (if ringed). We estimated each male’s lek attendance (proportional to the highest attending male on the same lek). Males that were recorded in ≥ 30% of the activity maps and in ≥ 50% of the observation days were classified as territorial and males that visited the leks less frequently than described above were classified as non-territorial and not attending the lek (Kervinen et al. 2012).
| 3 | 2other
| 0Study
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125,086 |
We observed significant differences in most food subgroups intake across all trajectories, as shown in Table 3. Participants of all trajectories had a significantly different intake of almost all food subgroups. Diet patterns across all classes tended to be low in alcohol, salt, cooking oil, fruits, dairy, diet variety, water, with sufficient vegetable intake. Cereals were consumed in appropriate amounts in class 3 (mean (SD) = 433.35g (290.30)), while class 1 and class 2 had higher cereals’ intake. Participants across class 3 had the lowest intake of meat products (mean (SD) = 38.19g (66.01)), alcohol (mean (SD) = 0.6g (2.8)), fish (mean (SD) = 23.11g (48.04)), fruits (mean (SD) =29.97g (96.22)), eggs(mean (SD) = 20.65g(32.46)), dairy (mean (SD) = 5.01g(30.49)), diet variety(mean (SD) = 59.08g (36.73)) and water(mean (SD) = 539.42 L (215.71)). Although they were all consumed in insufficient amounts, class 1 had higher amount of fruits (mean (SD) = 133.86g (173.08)), dairy(mean (SD) = 60.83g (104.03)), fish and shrimp(mean (SD) = 58.89g (76.92)), diet variety(mean (SD) = 92.79g (41.66)), and water(mean (SD) = 873.86L (592.12)). Red meat products, poultry and game intake were high in class 1(mean (SD) = 154.46g (126.38)). Participants in the second trajectory had an adequate intake of red meat products, poultry and game (mean (SD) = 71.19g (86.01)). Vegetables were consumed in adequate amounts in all trajectories. In terms of scores, the diet patterns mentioned above were somewhat confirmed in Supplementary Table 1, considering the participant’s distribution by food components score across all trajectories. Class 3 had the higher proportion of participants with a smaller negative score of (-6) to (-5) for fruits (81.1%), dairy (97.8%), soybean (48.3%), and the score of (-4) to (-3) for fish, shrimps (75.8%) and eggs (45.5%). Diet variety and water intake were inadequate for most participants across all trajectories. More than 40% of the participants had a low score of (-8) to (-7) for water intake and 30.6% for diet variety intake across class 3. Participants across class 3 had adequate intake for cereals’; 17.2% had reached the minimum score of 0. Class 1 had a higher percentage (44.1%) of the participants with a score of 0 for vegetable intake. Participants across class 1 had the smallest percentage of adults with the lower score of (-6) to (-5) for fruits (42.7%), dairy (73.1%), soybean (21.2%), and the score of (-4) to (-3) for fish and shrimps (30.6%), and eggs (6.3%). The same trajectory had a higher proportion of individuals with high meat products intake for an overall 56.3%, with almost 30% of the participants having a higher score of 4 for red meat products, poultry, and game intake. Throughout the third trajectory, only 7.5% of the participants had a high score of 4 for meat products intake.
| 4 | 0biomedical
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295,119 |
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
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184,492 |
Cofilin has a main role in actin dynamics and, therefore, in cytoskeletal homeostasis. However, current evidence on its new functions seems to show that cofilin also contributes to degenerative processes through the formation of cofilin–actin rods that impair axonal transport and promotion of neuronal cell death, or by changes in mitochondrial dynamics and in the endoplasmic reticulum–mitochondria (ER–mitochondria) connection and communication. However, much remains to be known about cofilin, starting with its complex regulatory mechanisms. This is a key piece to understand how the modulation of cofilin activity and levels could be a critical point in neurodegenerative diseases to modify its natural history. At this point, the question arises as to whether cofilin could be used as a neurodegenerative progression biomarker. In this sense, cofilin 2 expression was demonstrated to be significantly increased in the serum of Alzheimer’s disease patients, and it performed well as a diagnostic and non-invasive biomarker with high sensitivity and specificity .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 2Review
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287,323 |
patients pay greater attention to their diet and avoid hard, thrilling, hard, strong tea, and coffee. Self-realization had the highest score among the six aspects of self-realization following the intervention, followed by stress management, health responsibility, interpersonal support, nutrition, and physical activity
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
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342,343 |
Cultural communication differences between the ethnic majority group and minority groups include misinterpretation or misunderstanding by someone from the ethnic majority group. Sometimes ethnic minorities do not respond react because they think: ‘never mind, he did not understand my question’.“And I had that feeling, and then I asked fellow students, and I have experienced it also that you just do not get the answer to your question. You get an answer to another question, but that is how that person interpreted it.” (S7, male)This student explained this is because of the different religious and cultural values he has with the majority group.
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
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326,955 |
The content comparisons of the highlighted analytes (a) and the compounds without difference (b). Heatmap (c) visualizing the differences in the contents of the investigated analytes across the samples. The compound number in the S-plot represent in the same manner as in Table 1
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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268,718 |
After a 4-week feeding period, the CON group had hyperglycemia and severe hyperinsulinemia. As shown in Figure 2, glucose and insulin levels in the serum were significantly decreased (by 27% and 67%, respectively) in the STN group compared to those in the CON group.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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251,900 |
In the teen workbook, there are a number of exercises for the adolescents to identify, challenge and change irrational or negative thought. Examples include Comics, which are used to learn to the ABC technique and to develop positive counter thoughts. The mood diary is another example, in which adolescents learn to identify their negative feelings and the events/thoughts that are associated with these.
| 2 | 2other
| 1Other
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309,423 |
A retrospective cohort study design was implemented. Historical searches of relevant Australian Dental Association (ADA) treatment codes (Table 1) within an Australian university’s patient management system, Titanium (Titanium Software Inc. Houston, TX, USA) were conducted. The inclusion criteria were single-unit PFM or metal crowns placed by dental students in the undergraduate clinic between January 2014 and December 2018. Ethical approval was granted by the university to access patient records.
| 4 | 0biomedical
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171,714 |
It is important to note that in all three structure–activity relationship studies on FCF (and its analogs) in tumor cells, the readout on tumor cell proliferation/viability was a rather indirect one. In classical biochemical assays, one measures the interaction of FCF (and its analogs) with either purified septins or septin heteromers of defined compositions. In such a way, binding constants or—as shown before—changes in thermal stability upon FCF binding to purified His-tagged septins 2, 3 and 7 could be obtained by differential scanning fluorimetry . In the cellular assays, the readout ‘inhibition of cell proliferation/viability’ includes different cellular mechanisms: the kinetics of the uptake and degradation of FCF (and its analogs), cellular half-life, binding to septins and possibly off-targets reported for FCF before , and the effects of FCF (and its analogs) metabolites on tumor cell function(s). The fact that the CF3 moiety placed at completely different sites (the pyridine ring (this study) vs. the phenyl ring of FCF ) had a similar growth-inhibiting/cytotoxic effect might hint towards additional cytotoxic—likely off-target—effects by the CF3 group. It is more likely that FCF metabolites containing the CF3 moiety might exert their cytotoxic effects, which are not mediated by FCF analog-septin interactions; this hypothesis requires further detailed analyses. In line with this assumption is the fact that unexpected and strong systemic toxicity was observed in mice in vivo after FCF-2-CF3 administration, an effect which was not seen after the FCF treatment of mice . This is also in view of the facts that the differences in IC50 values in MM cell lines in vitro differed only by a factor of two to three between FCF and FCF-2-CF3 (Supplementary Figure S1), and that strong FCF-2-CF3-mediated toxicity was observed in vivo already with doses approximately threefold lower than with FCF (0.83 mg vs. 2.5 mg).
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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298,710 |
Pachydermodactyly (PDD) is a rare, benign form of digital fibromatosis that is characterized clinically by asymptomatic, progressive soft tissue swelling and thickening of the periarticular skin, primarily affecting the lateral aspects of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints of the fingers . It has been reported to have a predilection for affecting adolescent males with a male-to-female ratio of 3.9:1. While the exact cause remains unknown and the etiology is not completely clear, it is thought to occur due to the excessive mechanical manipulation of PIP joints . PDD has also been associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
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53,396 |
This data suggests that factors, other than clinical demand, appear to drive health care resource allocation. Increased capacity during the 2007/08 and 2011/12 election years was achieved by increasing shifts (i.e., adding evening and night shifts) as well as by the temporary addition of a portable MRI for the 2007/08 election year. It would appear that factors, such as election cycles and associated or anticipated public opinion, drove such resource allocation decisions. That is, increased resources were allocated to reduce the elective MRI wait times to correspond to Provincial election cycles. It is interesting to note that over three election cycles, this was not observed in the more historic 2003/04, and more recent April 2016, MB Provincial election.
| 2 | 2other
| 1Other
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290,432 |
Epithelial barrier destruction could trigger excessive host inflammatory and immune responses by S. Typhimurium invading to the intestinal mucosa. Overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines are the major biomarkers of exacerbated intestinal inflammatory response. Salmonella infection causes a strong proinflammatory response (Ktsoyan et al., 2015), and it is accompanied by an influx of inflammatory cells (Antunes et al., 2011). IL-2, an important cytokine secreted by type 1 T-helper cells, plays a crucial role in the functional activation of the cells of the innate immune response (Ibrahim et al., 2021). TNF-α, as the downstream of NF-κB, mainly mediates inflammation, immunity and apoptosis (Li et al., 2017). IL-1β and IL-18 are primarily responsible for triggering the intestinal inflammatory response characteristic of salmonellosis (Dos Reis & Horn, 2010). iNOS is widely regarded as the key inflammatory protein expressed at inflammatory sites that participate in the regulation of intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress by producing excessive NO (Fan et al., 2020). NO could stimulate the secretion of cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1β, further activate iNOS (Wallace and Miller, 2000). Therefore, it is important that anti-inflammatory drugs target the production of proinflammatory mediators to protect the organism from pathogens infection. In the present study, eugenol obviously attenuated the intestinal inflammation by downregulating the expressions of TLR4, MyD88, iNOS, p-p65, p-IκBα, and inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-18). Therefore, these results indicated that eugenol could serve as a candidate drug for S. Typhimurium infection with underlying mechanisms that affected the NF-κB signaling pathway and stabilized intestinal barrier integrity. Consistent with our results, decrease of proinflammatory cytokines can relieve intestinal inflammation in S. Typhimurium-induced diarrhea mice (Zhang et al., 2017, 2020)
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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387,070 |
The left lungs of each group embedded in paraffin were sectioned (5 μm thick) and the sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histological analyses. Lung injury was scored in ten randomly chosen fields of tissue sections per animal, using a 5-point lung injury scoring system (perivascular and peribronchial inflammation, hyaline membranes, alveolar and interstitial infiltrates, and alveolar hemorrhage) . The number of macrophages were counted in alveoli; ten random fields per animal were analyzed in the lung. Data are expressed as the number of macrophages per mm2.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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358,108 |
In order to study the potential role of asymmetry and steric effects for EDCS, we define two geometrical measures: one for proximity (fd), which is given by the sum of inverse distances between the atoms of the fullerene guest molecule and the CPPA-host, and one for the asymmetry of the system (fa). For the latter, we define a plane along the elongated axis of C70 that is perpendicular to the CPPA ring (labeled Pv plane in Fig. 3C). The four phenyl units closest to this plane are considered axial and the remaining four radial. Based on this classification, we define axial vicinity (A∥) and radial vicinity (A⊥) by summing the inverse distances between all fullerene atoms and atoms of the axial and radial phenyl rings, respectively. Our measure of (axial–radial) asymmetry is then given by fa = (A∥ − A⊥)/(A∥ + A⊥). Fig. 3B summarizes the results for the proximity and asymmetry measures and the ratio of EDCS of each system and that of R4 (fe = EDCS(Ri)/EDCS(R4), i = {1, 2, 3, 4}). It is clear that in principle, proximity has a role in electronic confinement (cf. proximity and DCS contributions for C70 in 6-CPPA and R1). As can be seen from the detailed analysis in Fig. 3B, however, purely geometric considerations do not correspond directly to the trends in EDCS. First, the proximity measure, fd, is insensitive to the different confining environments and remains almost constant among all four conformations, whereas the DCS contribution varies significantly. Furthermore, the asymmetry measure, fa, has no correlation with EDCS (see R2 versus R3 and R4 in Fig. 3B). Thus, also a pairwise description of asymmetry between atomic positions is insufficient to predict the qualitative trend of the contribution of DCS.
| 5 | 0biomedical
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80,988 |
As this is a pragmatic study, trial medications will be prescribed open-label and no measures will be taken to intervene with patients’ medication adherence. Trial clinicians will be advised to keep patients’ existing antidepressant treatment(s) at a stable dose within the therapeutic range, as defined in the MPG and BNF [33, 34]. The following recommendations for titration and dosing of each of the two treatment arms will be provided, in line with current best practice guidelines [33, 34]. However failure to adhere to these guidelines will not constitute a protocol deviation: Lithium arm: lithium carbonate/citrate, added on to the current antidepressant. The dose should be adjusted to achieve a serum-lithium concentration of 0.4–1.0 mmol/l 12 h after a dose. Serum level checks should be performed on days 4–7 of treatment and be repeated every week until dosage has remained constant for 4 weeks aiming for an optimal therapeutic plasma level of 0.6–1.0 mmol/l [22, 33]. Quetiapine arm: quetiapine fumarate (XR or immediate release formulation) added on to the current antidepressant, taken once daily before bedtime. Recommended dose titration: 50 mg on days 1 and 2 and 150 mg on day 3, aiming for a dose of 300 mg/day by week 2, if tolerated. Thereafter, flexible dosing will follow in the range 150–300 mg/day according to tolerance (as per Bauer et al. 2013) . In elderly patients (>65 years old), the dose titration protocol should be: 50 mg/day on days 1–3, increasing to 100 mg/day on day 4, 150 mg/day on day 8 and 300 mg/day not before day 22 of treatment, if required.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
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68,268 |
In this issue, Columbini, Dockerty, and Mayhew make a valuable contribution to the literature, since violence is a risk factor for HIV, and comprehensive SRH‐HIV responses would necessarily consider how to respond to intimate partner violence. The authors’ focus on the systems dimensions of service integration is an important addition, as it is a neglected area of violence‐response research (Colombini, Mayhew, and Watts 2008; Colombini et al. 2012; Garcia‐Moreno et al. 2015). Given the paucity of evaluated integration approaches to intimate partner violence, the article offers a synthesis of studies on health‐sector responses to intimate partner violence in low‐ and middle‐income countries, and discusses the barriers and facilitators of integrated and less integrated services.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 2Review
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105,118 |
In detail, the advantages, disadvantages and sometimes complications were compared between the opening-wedge and closing-wedge HTO [7, 8, 11]; however, the results remained inconsistent. In the present study, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis of the clinical and radiological outcomes between the opening-wedge and closing-wedge HTO, to explore whether the opening-wedge HTO was superior to the closing-wedge HTO. Our study would provide reasons for clinical guidance of surgical choice.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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203,562 |
As shown in Fig. 4B, the DXR-positive cells treated with the anti-CD147 antibody-modified PAR28-PEG-lipo encapsulating DXR was significantly higher than that with the control. The DXR-targeting efficiency value, which was calculated from the percent of DXR-positive cells by anti-CD147 antibody-modified PAR28-PEG-lipo and dividing that by the control value, as in Fig. 4B, was approximately 3.1, which was similar to the uptake efficiency of anti-CD147 antibody-modified PAR28-PEG-lipo without DXR (Fig. 2B). These results suggested that intracellular DXR, observed in Fig. 4A, can be delivered by antibody-modified PAR28-PEG-lipo encapsulating DXR following the cellular uptake of liposomes themselves.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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233,253 |
a–c Male mice at 25 weeks of age were subjected to acute cold exposure (4 °C) for 7 h to stimulate brown thermogenesis. a Rectal core temperature was measured for consecutive 7 h. Sqstm1f/f (n = 10), Sqstm1AKO (n = 6), Sqstm1f/fNbr1f/f (n = 9), and Sqstm1AKONbr1AKO (n = 10). Two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post-test. b Representative H&E staining in BAT of indicated mice (n = 3, per genotype). Scale bar = 100 μm. c qPCR analysis of thermogenesis-related genes in BAT of mice. Results are presented as change fold related to individual controls. Sqstm1f/f (n = 7), Sqstm1AKO (n = 5), Sqstm1f/fNbr1f/f (n = 6), and Sqstm1AKONbr1AKO (n = 6). Two-tailed Student’s T-test. d–g Male mice at 25 weeks of age were injected with CL316,243 or saline as control for consecutive 5 days. d Representative H&E staining in iWAT of indicated mice. Sqstm1f/f (n = 4), Sqstm1AKO (n = 4), Sqstm1f/fNbr1f/f (n = 3), and Sqstm1AKONbr1AKO (n = 3). Scale bar = 100 μm. e, f Immunoblot analysis of mitochondrial OXPHOS genes and UCP1 in BAT of Sqstm1AKO (e) and Sqstm1AKONbr1AKO (f) and their respective controls (n = 5, per genotype). g Densitometric quantification of gene intensity from western blot (e, f). Results are presented as change fold related to individual controls. Two-tailed Student’s T-test. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (a, c, g). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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326,241 |
It thus could be concluded that with an increase in the proportion of PHB in the PVC/PHB films, the softening temperature and yield temperature uniformly deviated to a range of lower values, which also characterizes the compatibility of PVC with PHB in the melt.
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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287,384 |
The primary outcome of the present study was the all-cause mortality during the follow-up period. Mortality was confirmed by using the Korea statistics database. Patients in each cohort were followed up from the index procedure until the occurrence of the primary study outcome or until December 31, 2019, whichever occurred first. This definition is intended to prevent a record of death from being missed during treatment, such as by changes in medical service providers.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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314,661 |
According to our classification, more than half of patients were ni-LVNC with cardiac structural changes. Noncompaction was no longer present after reversal of structural heart defects in some patients. Genetic mutation(s) and nongenetic factors, such as loading conditions (volume/pressure load), contribute to ventricular remodeling (concentric remodeling, concentric/eccentric hypertrophy) and the myocardial phenotype seen in LVNC [23, 24]. Noncompaction in these cases may be attributed to the high-pressure exposure of the ventricle, causing the changes to disappear after treatment of the primary disease. This is consistent with the findings of a study by Robert H. Andersen, which indicated that increased cardiac afterload could cause transient noncompaction . However, noncompaction with structural heart diseases owing to genetic abnormalities may persist after treatment. It remains to be fully determined whether LVNC is a physiological or a pathological phenotype of the myocardium. As LVNC may have an important impact on morbidity and mortality, differentiating between variants and LVNC is important, and a reliable diagnosis is crucial.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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84,578 |
Anti-F IgG response summary and comparative analysis to assess for an adjuvant and antigen dose-effect. a Anti-F IgG response kinetics in active vaccine and placebo recipients co-administered TIV. Data are represented by the GMEU and 95% CIs, calculated as the antilog of the mean and 95% confidence limits of log10-transformed anti-F IgG EU values. EU values below the assay lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of 400 were set to half LLOQ for the purposes of calculation. b Demonstration of an adjuvant effect based on the GMRAdjuvant/Unadjuvanted analysis of anti-F IgG EUs on days 28 and 56 in individual groups administered 60 (red bars) or 90 μg (black bars) RSV F doses or pooled groups (60 and 90 μg, hatched gray bars), with or without adjuvant. Results indicated as significant by single (p = 0.016) or double (p = 0.005) asterisks allow rejection of the null hypothesis of GMRAdjuvant/Unadjuvanted = 1. c Antigen dose-effect analysis based on the GMR90 μg/60 μg of anti-F IgG GMEUs on days 28 and 56 of 90 or 60 μg RSV F recipients of adjuvanted (black bars) or unadjuvanted (black striped bars), or adjuvanted and unadjuvanted (pooled, white bars) vaccines. Results indicated as significant by single (p = 0.05), double (p = 0.022), or triple (p = 0.002) asterisks allow rejection of the null hypothesis of GMR90 μg/60 μg = 1
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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192,260 |
The burn injuries were collected 7 days after injury for histological analysis. Samples were removed and fixed in 10% formol (pH 7.4) for 24 h (n=6/group). Tissues were submitted to dehydration and embedded in paraffin. Sections of those fragments were cut to 4-µm thick slices and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Histopathological changes were evaluated by optical microscopy (Olympus BX 51, Japan). The histopathological parameters were determined and scored from 0 to 4, where 0 corresponded to: absence of ulcer (AU), remodeled connective tissue (RCT); score 1: AU, fibrosis (F), slight chronic inflammation (CI); score 2: presence of ulcer (PU), F, moderate CI; score 3: PU, chronic inflammation process (granulation tissue); and score 4: PU, acute process (dilated vessels, mixed inflammatory infiltrate with neutrophils) (20). Staining with picrosirius red (PSR) was performed to measure the collagen fibers in the connective tissue of the burn wounds. The Color Deconvolution (RGB) plugin of the ImageJ® software (NIH, USA) was used to measure the percentage of collagen area represented by the red image in relation to the total area of the image (21).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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5,350 |
Murine C2C12 myoblasts (cells were kindly donated by Dr. Jamie Baum from University of Arkansas) were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1U penicillin-streptomycin at 37°C in a 5% CO2 atmosphere. When cells confluency reached more than 90%, control group (CON) was induced to fuse and form myotubes by switching to the differentiation medium (DM) containing 2% horse serum and 1U penicillin-streptomycin, while 50-µM EPA and 50-µM DHA were added to DM in the fatty-acid treatment group (FA). DM with or without fatty acids was changed every 24 h for 3 days.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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380,264 |
A modified version of the Gompertz mortality function (as described in Equation (2)) was used to model the relationship between the cell viability and the level of H2O2 with varying concentrations of MßCD, and hence varying levels of cholesterol. A least-squares analysis was performed and the model parameters were inferred. Traditionally, Gompertz law of mortality is used to describe the cellular viability (e.g., ).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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58,954 |
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease characterized by the accumulation of excessive surfactant lipids and proteins within alveoli, leading to the impairment of gas exchange [1–3]. Clinical manifestations vary from no symptoms to progressive respiratory failure [3, 4]. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) deficiencies or defects in GM-CSF receptors are known to be related to the pathogenesis. GM-CSF is required for the terminal differentiation of alveolar macrophages (AMs) which play a key role in the clearance of normal surfactant proteins and phospholipids. Three different forms of PAP have been identified: idiopathic (primary or autoimmune), secondary, and hereditary [3–6]. More than 90% of PAP patients have idiopathic PAP (iPAP), a primary acquired disorder without familial predisposition in which GM-CSF neutralizing auto-antibodies are present [4, 7]. Secondary PAP is associated with various underlying diseases (hematologic malignancies, immunodeficiency disorders, infections) or inhalation injuries that cause AM dysfunction or deficiency in AM number [4, 8]. Hereditary PAP results from homozygous mutations of the genes encoding surfactant proteins and the ABCA3 transporter or from defects of the GM-CSF receptor .
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 2Review
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263,830 |
To boost FBA flux calculation of knocked-out organism phenotypes, the minimization of metabolic adjustment (MOMA) method was developed. MOMA has similar stoichiometric restrictions to FBA, but for gene knockouts or deletions, MOMA modifies the optimal growth flux principle. At first, MOMA’s flux distribution between wild-type and mutant optimums is likely to be suboptimal. In addition, MOMA investigates this issue by bringing to the test the hypothesis that a gene deletion results in minimal flux redistribution as compared to wild-type metabolism. MOMA is a more accurate tool for estimating gene knockout bacteria’s metabolic phenotype. Figure 1 illustrates optimization principles underlying FBA and MOMA. The schematic two dimensional of Figure 1 depicts the feasible space for the wild-type (Φwt) represented by green polygon and feasible space of mutant for flux j (Φ j ) represented by superimposed yellow polygon. The coordinates are both two arbitrary representative fluxes, which is a simpler representation of multidimensional flux space. The FBA optimal prediction is the wild-type (a) and knockout (b). Regardless, MOMA uses quadratic programming to measure the substitute MOMA solution (c), which can be thought of as an approximation of the FBA optimum into the mutant’s feasible space. As a result, there is a unique solution for mutant FBA and MOMA .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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376,843 |
The results, presented in Table 5, suggest that athletes who rated the competition demands higher felt less self-efficacious, and accordingly, reported higher intensities of cognitive worry. The statistical significance of this indirect effect was confirmed by the bootstrap confidence interval, which did not include zero.
| 2 | 2other
| 0Study
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74,911 |
The incorporation of IPC practices may interrupt the transmission of TB in healthcare facilities. The WHO and the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention have produced IPC guidelines for airborne infectious diseases such as TB. These guidelines have been adapted to address resource-limited settings [18, 19]. All of these proposed guidelines present a hierarchy of control measures, which are:Administrative control measures to prevent the generation of and/or exposure to droplet nuclei, thereby reducing exposure to the bacteria. These include promptly identifying people with TB symptoms (triage), separating infectious patients, controlling the spread of pathogens (cough etiquette and respiratory hygiene) and minimising time spent in healthcare facilities.Environmental control measures for high-risk areas, which either remove the bacteria from the air or reduce the concentration of bacteria in the air.Personal protective equipment used by exposed individuals to protect themselves from inhaling contaminated air, e.g. the wearing of respirators.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 2Review
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300,907 |
Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; GA, gestational age; GI, gastrointestinal; ICU, intensive care unit; PROM, preterm premature rupture of membranes.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
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216,145 |
It has been discovered that protein glutaryl metabolism mainly occurs in mitochondria (Schmiesing et al., 2018). For example, proteomic analysis of mouse liver revealed that there are 191 glutarylated proteins, of which 148 are mainly or partly located in mitochondria, accounting for more than three-quarters of all identified glutarylated proteins (Tan et al., 2014). There are two reasons why glutaryl metabolism mainly exists in mitochondria: It may be because glutaryl-CoA is mainly located in mitochondria (Besrat et al., 1969; Vamecq et al., 1985); in addition, this may be related to the higher pH (7.9) of mitochondrial matrix which is associated with the deprotonation of the ε-amino group of lysine, making them more susceptible to acylation (Carrico et al., 2018). Mitochondria play a key role in energy production, cell signaling and cell survival, and mitochondrial dysfunction can lead to the aging and aging-related diseases, such as metabolic diseases, cancer, and neurodegeneration (Osborne et al., 2016). Since acyl-CoA cannot penetrate the inner mitochondrial membrane, its accumulation in the mitochondrial compartment is easy. Accumulation of toxic acyl-CoA will affect mitochondrial energy metabolism (Dimitrov et al., 2020). Glutaryl-CoA inhibits the E2 subunit of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (KGDHc), similar to the feedback inhibition of its physiological product, succinyl-CoA, leading to mitochondrial TCA cycle dysfunction (Sauer et al., 2005). Notably, the reduction of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDH) activity has recently been demonstrated in other neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer (Gibson et al., 1988), Parkinson (Mizuno et al., 1994, 1995), and Huntington diseases (Klivenyi et al., 2004), sharing neuropathological similarities with GCDH deficiency (Strauss and Morton, 2003).
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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343,956 |
Nevertheless, because the structural composition of the stainless steel orthodontic mini-implant (Leone, Italy) is mainly based on iron, nickel, and chromium , additional caution should be taken when this type of implant is intended to be used in patients who present a relative sensitivity to Ni. As this element is considered to be the main metal responsible for inducing allergies, especially in women (up to 20%), which is more likely to be caused by repeated exposure to jewelry that contains Ni . Thereby, the source of Ni provided by orthodontic devices should not be ignored, as Ni is employed in a great array of metal alloys used in dentistry and limited data are available regarding Ni discharge from orthodontic devices , which could be an important trigger for allergies, as severe allergenic reactions have already been reported in a case report study of a young woman with allergy-free medical history who presented Class I malocclusion .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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386,226 |
The external morphology of the specimens was studied under a Leica EZ4 stereomicroscope. The cold maceration technique (Zwick 1982) was employed to properly observe the aedeagus. The aedeagus, aedeagal sac, female inner genitalia, and the nymphal mouthparts were examined as wet mounts on microscopic slides under an Olympus CX21 compound microscope. Digital imaging of dissected parts was done using these microscopes with a DinoEye Eyepiece camera, then stacked using CombineZP software (Hadley 2010). The female inner genitalia were drawn in Adobe Illustrator 2020. The images of habitus and male terminalia were produced using a Canon EOS 650D and a Canon EOS 6D, respectively, with macro lens and a stack rack operated by Helicon Remote, and then stacked using Helicon Focus. Stacked images were enhanced with Adobe Lightroom and Adobe Photoshop 2020. Preparation of eggs was done following the procedure of Sivec et al. (1988) and examined and photographed using a Hitachi TM-1000 Table Top Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) at the Materials Physics Laboratory, Ateneo de Manila University. Terminologies follow Murányi et al. (2015).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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229,346 |
HR APL was associated with an ITD insertion length decrease of 20 base pairs compared to LR APL (95% CI: −40.0 to −0.23; p = 0.05); however, this finding was lost when adjusting for platelets (−13.5; 95% CI: −38.2–11.2; p = 0.3). Whereas the ITD insertion length was associated with higher platelet counts (rs = 0.39, p = 0.003), no association was noted between the insertion length and WBC (rs = −0.06, p = 0.65). A longer ITD insertion length and ITD mutant/wildtype ratio greater than 0.5–0.66 have been associated with shorter RFS, and OS in APL . No correlation between the insertion length and OS was noted in this study (p = 0.38).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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311,780 |
In this study, 129 full-length genome sequences from a Canadian population were collected from the Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Database (GISAID). The genomic variation and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 as well as host immune pressure on viruses were investigated. This study aims to understand evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and genetic mechanisms of pathogenesis which may help develop preventive and therapeutic interventions such as antivirals and vaccines.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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382,145 |
Clinical practice is usually based on evidence-based guidelines derived from randomized trials and meta-analyses with a homogenous enrolled population, but often, in daily routine, many patients may have different characteristics from those subgroups analyzed in trials, even because it is impossible to try every combination. Moreover, a long follow-up is needed for clinical trials, and their results may turn out to be outdated when finally published .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
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279,092 |
CS and MK report being employees of Carisma Therapeutics. MK and SG are co-founders of Carisma Therapeutics. MK and SG hold patents related to CAR-M, which have been licensed to Carisma Therapeutics. SG has received research funding from Carisma Therapeutics.
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
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274,732 |
Incidence of VTE in patients with cancer has been reported to be 20%6. Current guidelines recommend pharmacologic and mechanical prophylaxis and treatment of VTE in patients with cancer7–10. However, current guidelines do not specify different risks and managements for VTE in different cancer types. Pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis prior to chemotherapy is recommended in ambulatory cancer patients with intermediate or high risk for VTE (Khorana score 2 or higher)7,8. Using this score, gynecologic cancers as a group are considered high risk, although different gynecologic cancer types have heterogeneous risks for VTE11.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 2Review
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190,763 |
We currently run a psychosocial education program for epilepsy patients and their supporters. 32 A previous study showed that lower perceived stigma in parents of children with epilepsy was associated with more positive feelings, fewer worries, and more family leisure activities. 16 Having accurate information about epilepsy is related to lower self‐stigma; the ESSS could be used as a self‐stigma evaluation tool in the development of psychosocial education programs. The scale could help researchers assess perception of self‐stigma in PWE and measure how these changes over time. The scale also permits an objective quantitative evaluation and so could be used to assess the effects of public health interventions aimed at reducing self‐stigma. We hope that this scale will help clinicians and researchers in Japan better understand the internalized stigma experienced by PWE.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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34,304 |
Importantly, it should be noted that although SCI appears to mimic some of BDNF's detrimental actions, these effects may not be mediated by BDNF itself. The phenomenon termed “metaplasticity” by Abraham and Bear is a change in the ability to induce subsequent synaptic plasticity. The fact that SCI impacts the manner and type of BDNF-induced plasticity particularly as it relates to the nociception and pain after SCI is an important example of spinally mediated metaplasticity. While additional experiments are needed to completely resolve this issue, the simplest conclusion to be made from these studies is that the use of BDNF following SCI does not present a challenge to spinal nociceptive and pain processing, at least acutely.
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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19,116 |
Theorem 6 means that if we have a problem we can solve with a finite-state automaton, then even if the automaton is non-deterministic we may still be able to implement it without the usual blowups in space or query time. In the rest of this paper we show that many data structures based on variants of the BWT fit into this framework.
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
221,661 |
The outcome of the present study was vital sign values (RR, HR, and apnea) per hour until death, measured by a non‐wearable monitor (Nemuri SCAN, Paramount Bed Co., Ltd.) placed under the mattress of the participants. 11 , 12 The Nemuri SCAN detected the RR, HR, and apnea events by measuring the participants’ body movements every minute. The count of apneas per hour measured by Nemuri SCAN was correlated with these measured by polysomnography used to diagnose apnea. 12 Using time of death as baseline, we calculated the means of RR and HR per hour, and the count of apneas per hour.
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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156,202 |
FAP stromal tissue expression. (A) Mean fibroblast-activation-protein (FAP) stromal tissue expression levels (H-index) in benign samples (benign) (n = 34), samples from patients with primary prostate cancer (treatment-naive) (n = 36), neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy before radical prostatectomy (NHT) (n = 27), castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) (n = 44) and neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) (n = 44); corresponding, representative images of IHC staining against FAP, (B) benign, (C) treatment-naive, (D) NHT, (E) CRPC, and (F) NEPC; scale bar 200 μm
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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111,013 |
(A) Atomic force microscopy (AFM) trace images (after WSXM software processing, z-axis = 20 nm, scan size = 1 μm2) and (B) average gold nanoparticle (AuNP) number density as a function of evaporative distance following immersion in AuNP solution(10 nm, ionic concentration: 7.7 × 10−4 M, n = 3 ± SD). All surfaces were silanised for 5 min; (C) Aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) modified surface prior to AuNP adsorption.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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89,159 |
This would coincide with our observation of an increased amount/activity of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase under these conditions. An increased organic acid excretion found with ammonium-limited growing mycelia could then be explained to satisfy the increased need of charge compensation for the increased proton excretion [or vice versa] by the plasma membrane H+-ATPase (Burgstaller, 2006).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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70,276 |
A. A549 cells were transfected with C-terminally tagged mitochondrial Bit1 (Bit1 mito) alone or together with FLAG-tagged AES construct. The amount of plasmid transfected into cells was normalized with the vector construct. 24h post transfection, cells were harvested and subjected to Boyden chamber migration assay. B. A549 cells were treated with control- or AES-siRNAs, and 24 h later cells were transfected with the vector or Bit1 mito construct as indicated. 24h after the plasmid transfection, cells were subjected to Boyden chamber migration assay. C. and D. A549 cells were treated with control- or E-cadherin-siRNAs, and 24 h later cells were transfected with the vector or Bit1 mito construct as indicated. 24h after the plasmid transfection, cells were harvested and subjected to immunoblotting with the indicated antibodies (C) and Boyden chamber migration assay (D). E. and F. Stable control shRNA and Bit1 shRNA A549 cells were transfected with the vector or E-cadherin construct as indicated. 24h post-transfection, cells were harvested and subjected to immunoblotting with the indicated antibodies (E) and Boyden chamber migration assay (F). G. and H. Stable control shRNA and Bit1 shRNA BEAS-2B cells were transfected with the vector or E-cadherin construct as indicated. 24h post-transfection, cells were harvested and subjected to immunoblotting with the indicated antibodies (G) and Boyden chamber migration assay (H). In A, B, D, F, and H, three independent experiments were performed in triplicates, * indicates p<0.05 by Student’s t test.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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214,217 |
EGFR is one of the validated targets for NSCLC treatment. However, the clinical application of EGFR ectodomain-targeted therapy has been limited by the prevalence of EGFR in normal tissues, such as skin and endothelium of blood vessels, which raises the concern for on-target, off-tumor toxicity,26 including oral mucositis, oral ulcer, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, desquamation, and pruritus. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (displayed an acute pulmonary edema) has been reported in individual patients receiving EGFR-CAR-T therapy.27 Notably, many CAR-Ts targeting tumor-associated antigens may have potential on-target/off-tumor toxicities, such as HER2, GD2, Claudin18.2, etc. More optimized CAR structural designs need to be developed to enable CAR-T to be widely used in the treatment of solid tumors. In this study, the co-expression of CXCR5 in CAR-T was designed to not only increase the infiltration of CAR-T cells but also to mitigate potential off-tumor toxicity, due to our results that CAR-T only infiltrates into EGFR and CXCL13 double-positive tumor sites and produces a killing effect.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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274,493 |
To conduct the analyses above in a systematic manner, we utilized a one-stop platform that integrates multiple bibliometric methods developed in our pilot studies (Zhang et al., 2020d; Wu et al., 2020). This platform contains six modules, including PubMed/PMC data import filter, bibliographic information statistics, co-occurrence analysis, research collaboration prediction, semantic similarity-based document search and SEP analysis. By feeding the raw data from PubMed into our bibliometric platform, we could efficiently generate results and then present these graphically with the aid of multiple visualizing tools, such as Gephi and VOSViewer.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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118,397 |
Optimisation of the transformation protocol was performed on strain T12. Three concentrations (0, 0.25 and 2.5 g/L) of K2HPO4 in the growth medium were used and washing of the cells was done 2 times with 50 mL of milliQ water followed by 2 washing steps, of 25 and 10 mL, respectively, using 10 % (v/v) glycerol .
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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29,359 |
Aspergillus species produce various enzymes or proteins that help to establish successful growth in the hostile environment (de Vries and Visser, 2001). The filamentous fungi produce extracellular enzymes that degrade the physical barrier of hosts that are composed of proteins. A. fumigatus produces proteases, elastases, and collagenases enzyme that act as virulence factor and help in invasion of host tissues (Dagenais and Keller, 2009; Behnsen et al., 2010). The human lung matrix composed of collagen and elastin fibers (Balestrini and Niklason, 2015). Thus, these secreted enzymes help to destroy these physical barriers and help the pathogen to grow inside lung matrix. Further, secreted proteases by A. fumigatus disorganize the cytoskeleton of alveolar epithelial cells, allowing A. fumigatus to breach the epithelial cell barrier (Kogan et al., 2004). Furthermore, some of these proteases such as alkaline serine protease and metalloprotease act as allergen and lead to devastating immune response that ultimately damage other organs in infected hosts (Monod et al., 1993). These reports demonstrated that virulence is multifactorial process (Tomee and Kauffman, 2000). Thus, proteolytic enzymes are one of the factors, each with their part contributing toward the pathogenesis. On the other hand, in A. fumigatus proteomic study, endoprotease PEP2 was observed from conidial surface which act as allergen (Asif et al., 2006). In addition, Asp fl2 was observed in A. flavus during germination conidia (Tiwari et al., 2016), which trigger the allergic response in infected host. These allergens and other proteins may also be investigated for their role in Aspergillus virulence in vivo during infection.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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260,060 |
Examples of the method applications. A, Example of the final system output for monkey B from FD. Classification labels are presented on the y-axis, while the frame time of the video stream is on the X. “Other_upper” and “other_lower” labels are for video frames that were not part of the task of the classifier but exist in the original video and were labeled manually. Frames of the original video (with no preprocessing) are shown on the bottom, and the dashed lines denote their corresponding timing. The magenta and green lines demonstrate the outputs from the upper face and lower face algorithms, respectively. Images above the output lines exhibit the frames as they were processed in the algorithm, after alignment and ROI cropping. The estimated locations of the ROIs, comprising the full facial expressions, are illustrated in frames on the bottom by magenta and green rectangles (the positions are not precise since the original images on the bottom are not aligned). B, Facial expression analysis following classification of frames. Bars demonstrate the proportion of a specific facial configuration in monkey B (from FD) elicited during one block of the experiment described in Figure 2. This value is calculated as the ratio between frames containing the combination of AUs and the total frames per trial. Yellow bars denote the block part when the intruder monkey enters and exists the room, the blue bar is for phases with the closed shutter (after the first shutter opening and before its last closure), and the orange bars stand for periods of open shutter. An example image of the analyzed expression is shown on the right (taken from the examples in B). Top, Proportions of cooing facial expression events composed of UpperNone AU for the upper face and AU25 + 26 + 18i for the lower face. Bottom, Same as in top, but for “alert” facial expression: upper face, AU1 + 2; lower face, AU25 + 25 (Extended Data Fig. 6-1a, analysis following classification by human coders; **p < 1e-2; ***p < 1e-3). C, Same as A but for monkey D from FD. D, Same as B but for monkey D from FD and lip-smacking facial expression with upper face AU1 + 2 and lower face AU25+26 + 18i (Extended Data Fig. 6-1b, analysis following classification by human coders). E, PSTHs and raster plots of one neuron in the amygdala and one in the ACC, temporally locked to the socially associated AU25 + 26 + 18i, during monkey intruder block.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
359,160 |
Next, we consider \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$z_{1}$\end{document}z1. According to the second and fourth equations of model (7), we have 8\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$ z_{1}= z_{0}+\phi \biggl[c \frac{y_{0}+\phi f(x_{1},y_{0},v_{0})v_{0}}{1+\phi(a+pz_{1})}z_{1}-bz_{1} \biggr]. $$\end{document}z1=z0+ϕ[cy0+ϕf(x1,y0,v0)v01+ϕ(a+pz1)z1−bz1]. Let \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$ \begin{aligned} \varphi(z_{1})&\triangleq\phi p(1+\phi b)z_{1}^{2}+\bigl(1+\phi\bigl[a-p z_{0}-cy_{0} \\ &\quad{}-\phi cv_{0}f(x_{1},y_{0},v_{0})+b(1+ \phi a)\bigr]\bigr)z_{1}-z_{0}(1+\phi a). \end{aligned} $$\end{document}φ(z1)≜ϕp(1+ϕb)z12+(1+ϕ[a−pz0−cy0−ϕcv0f(x1,y0,v0)+b(1+ϕa)])z1−z0(1+ϕa). This is a quadratic function. Since \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$\varphi(0)=-z_{0}(1+\phi a)<0$\end{document}φ(0)=−z0(1+ϕa)<0 and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$\lim_{z_{1}\to\infty}\varphi (z_{1})=\infty$\end{document}limz1→∞φ(z1)=∞, there is a unique \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$z_{1}>0$\end{document}z1>0 such that \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$\varphi(z_{1})=0$\end{document}φ(z1)=0. That is, (8) holds.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
56,898 |
Wound healing assay was performed to assess the effect of mifepristone on cell migration as we described previously . Cells (2×104 per well) were seeded onto a 24-well plate and cultured for 24 hours, the scratch was made across the cell monolayer with the tip. After washing 3 times with phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the serum-free medium containing 100 ng/ml of SDF-1 and mifepristone, or AMD3100 (1 μg/ml) was added to each well. Wound healing within the scrape line was recorded at 0, 12 and 24 hours after the scratching using a light microscope (Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany). The migration index was used to evaluate the migration potential, which is the distance of migration in treated group compared with the distance of migration in control group.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
63,510 |
All work was carried out in a designated PCR-clean area as previously described (Yu et al.). RNA was extracted from infected and uninfected cells using Trizol reagent (Gibco-BRL, Rockville, Md.) and isolated as specified by the manufacturer. The RNA was DNAse-treated (DNase I-RNase-Free, Ambion) to remove any contaminating DNA; 200 ng of total RNA was reverse-transcribed with oligo dT primers using the High Capacity cDNA RT Kit (Applied Biosystems) in a 20 μl cDNA reaction, as specified by the manufacturer. For quantitative PCR, the template cDNA was added to a 20 μl reaction with SYBR GREEN PCR Master Mix (Applied Biosystems) and 0.2 μM of primer (Table 1). The amplification was carried out using an ABI Prism 7000 for 40 cycles under the following conditions: initial denaturation at 95°C for 10 min; 40 cycles of 95°C for 15 s and 60°C for 1 min. The fold changes were calculated relative to GAPDH using the ΔΔCt method.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
126,375 |
1. Page 11: The details of methods for prediction of candidate drug for hub gene is only limited to the name of the database used and the adjusted P value. The detailed criteria used for prediction, the algorithm used by the program, any adjustments applied by the authors to the default running parameters, cut-offs (apart from adjusted P value) used if any, rationale behind the choice of the specific database and its search tool, etc. may be quite useful to establish the method as reproducible as well as for clear understanding of the reader.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
|
338,812 |
Our approach is based on split alignment as defined by Gao et al. . The approach was originally proposed by Memczak et al. in 2013 but was adapted to currently available alignment tools by Cheng et al. . The reads containing a circular junction can be mapped by STAR and STAR calls them ‘chimeric reads’ (CR) mapped in two segments. Only when a CR contains a circular junction, hereafter termed ‘circular chimeric reads’ (hereafter CCRs), are the two fragments mapped in inverted order on the chromosome and enable direct identification of the genomic boundaries of the circularized transcript (Figure 1). We assume that clustering CCRs using exactly the same genomic coordinates identifies ‘loci associated with the production of circRNAs’ (hereafter LACs) (Figure 1). In contrast to most authors, we do not consider that this list constitutes a list of distinct circRNAs, but are extremely cautious because we know that reads containing a circular junction originating from an intronic lariat circRNAs are not perfectly mapped by STAR and can lead to several LACs (Figure 1) . When we examined the sequence contents of CCRs at different LACs, we observed that several LACs can describe a single circularization event (a single circRNA) and one LAC can define two or three circRNAs (see below).
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
235,388 |
For H1, we conducted an ANOVA for the end of semester exam and compared the adaptive and control condition and the average course performance (excluding the grades of study’s participants), resulting in three conditions. There was a significant effect of condition F (2, 162) = 43.16, p = 0.020, ηp2 = 0.20. Bonferroni-corrected post-hoc tests showed that participants in the adaptive condition (n = 22, M = 1.85, SD = 0.49) performed significantly better relative to the average course performance (n = 122, M = 2.79, SD = 1.21; p = 0.002). Participants in the control condition (n = 21, M = 2.03, SD = 0.84) also performed significantly better relative to the average of the course (p = 0.019), while both experimental conditions did not differ significantly (p = 1).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
36,455 |
For the experiment with latex beads (LtxB), 138 nl of 2x diluted surfactant-free red CML latex beads, 0.3 μm diameter (Interfacial Dynamics Corp.) were injected into semi-engorged fed females and, after 2 h, ticks were injected with B. afzelii CB43 (5 × 104). Hemolymph from individual ticks was collected 3 h after injection of Borrelia and phagocytic activity of hemocytes was analyzed (12 ticks for PBS control group and 15 ticks for latex beads group) as described above. The phagocytic index was determined as the number of hemocytes with ingested Borrelia counted for a total 100 hemocytes in the microscopic field.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
192,228 |
A total score was calculated for each participant by averaging responses to items. An IDAF-4C+ mean score ≤2.5 identified patients without fear or with a moderate fear; an IDAF-4C+ mean score ranging between 2.5 and 3.5 classified patients with moderate to high fear, and IDAF-4C+ mean score ≥3.5 identified patients with high to extreme fear .
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
98,873 |
To conclude, similar to Nictaba from tobacco the ArathNictabas under study are also localized to the nucleus and/or the cytoplasm (Chen et al., 2002). ArathNictaba 3–5 are expressed at very low levels in all tissues during the development of A. thaliana under normal growth conditions, but their expression is clearly stress-inducible, though specific stresses trigger differential expression of ArathNictaba 3–5. Thus, it can be concluded that expression patterns for the ArathNictabas are specific and vary for different abiotic or biotic stress treatments (Figure 10). Our data suggest that ArathNictabas could play a role in the stress response of A. thaliana. Future research is needed to investigate the subcellular localization of the ArathNictabas after plants that have been exposed to stress situations. In addition, analyses with mutant lines can help to decipher the role of the ArathNictabas in the plant stress response. Finally, the interaction of AN4 with TGG1 and BGLU23 has to be confirmed in vivo and it has to be shown whether this binding is a protein–protein or a protein–carbohydrate interaction.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
212,656 |
The Pearson’s correlation coefficient (PCC) is an important index for determining the strength of synergistic or antagonistic action between genes (25). Considering the transcriptome data of DEGs at six time points as the background data, the Pearson’s correlation algorithm was selected to calculate the correlation coefficients between two genes in five organs, and the PCC and p value were obtained. The cut-off value was set as PCC > 0.75 and p < 0.05 to screen the interaction relationship between genes. TO-GCN was established by co-expressing genes that met the threshold requirements.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
94,691 |
Mothers who were married and living with their husbands were more knowledgeable as compared with single and divorced mothers. This can strengthen the above suggestion that husbands can discuss the children feeding with their wives. Household monthly income was significantly associated with mothers' knowledge on minimum dietary diversity. Mothers whose household income was high were more knowledgeable compared to mothers whose income was low and the practice was also higher and this finding is in line with that of the study done in India .
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
322,022 |
A549 cells were seeded in a 12-well culture plate at a density of 1 × 105 cells per well. Cells were fixed with 3.7% PFA in PBS for 10 min and stained with the Ca2+-dependent phosphatidylserine-binding protein FITC-labelled Annexin V (BioLegend, San Diego, CA, USA). For each assay, 104 stained cells were were analyzed by flow cytometry (CytoFLEX, Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, USA) using CytExpert software (version 2.1.0.92, Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, USA).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
382,031 |
While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool, https://pacev2.apexcovantage.com/ PACE helps ensure that figures meet PLOS requirements. To use PACE, you must first register as a user. Then, login and navigate to the UPLOAD tab, where you will find detailed instructions on how to use the tool. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email us at figures@plos.org.
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
297,049 |
Of the 1017 participants enrolled, 1001 (98.4%) reported having been tested for HIV at least once in their lifetime, including 921 (90.6%) who reported HIV testing within the 6 months prior to enrollment (Fig. 1A).Fig. 1Interval since last reported HIV and HCV tests. At cohort enrollment, participants were asked if they had ever been tested for HIV and hepatitis C. If the answer was affirmative, they were asked when the last test was performed. Participants who were known to be living with hepatitis C were categorized separately because repeat testing is not indicated in this population
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
88,028 |
Herewith, the sizes of droplets are prescribed by the sizes of bags. We can expect then, that the bag-breakup sea spray generation function defined as the volume of droplets of radius r produced from the unit area of water surface in unit time due to the dominant bag-breakup mechanism has two peaks corresponding to the film- and rim- droplets, respectively.
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
139,218 |
For Group 1, the 128 object names were assigned to four different sets of 32 stimuli (A, B, C, and D). Each set also included 4 repeat stimuli that needed to be detected during 1-back matching (i.e., total number of stimuli = 36). Sets A–C were rotated across pictures of objects, written object names and auditory object names, in different participants. Semantic and phonological content was therefore controlled across participants. Within participant, no stimulus set was repeated across the speech production tasks or across the 1-back matching tasks. Set D included the sounds of 32 objects that were always used during the object sound tasks and never used in any other task.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
94,137 |
While divergent selection should produce phenotypic differences between species, this observation makes predictions neither in direction nor degree as far as morphometrics are concerned (i.e., it only predicts accumulating differences). Nevertheless, where differences occur between groups on a phylogeny, and the genetic distances involved, might be of further aid in inferring species limits—qualified, of course, by the many known ways in which mtDNA can be misleading about species limits (Avise & Wollenberg, 1997; Irwin, 2002; Funk & Omland, 2003; Degnan & Rosenberg, 2006; Cheviron & Brumfield, 2009; Galtier et al., 2009; Ribeiro, Lloyd & Bowie, 2011; Toews & Brelsford, 2012; Pavlova et al., 2013; Peters et al., 2014; Dolman & Joseph, 2015; Morales et al., 2015). The mtDNA topology of the phylogenetic relationships among the six major subspecific groups is given in Fig. 4 (after Puebla-Olivares et al., 2008). To examine the results of my study in relation to what is presently known about relationships among and genetic distances between the groups examined, I downloaded the mtDNA data of Puebla-Olivares et al. (2008) from GenBank, concatenated and aligned the sequences using Geneious (ver. 7.1; Kearse et al., 2012), and calculated genetic distances between the groups for which I made pairwise comparisons using MEGA (ver. 6; Tamura, Nei & Kumar, 2004; Tamura et al., 2013). Three of these groups are not monophyletic in their mtDNA (not uncommon; see Funk & Omland, 2003), but I treated the haplotypes of A. “p.” atrogularis that have introgressed into A. “p.” albivitta (see discussion below) as A. “p.” atrogularis for the calculation of genetic distances.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
130,490 |
During a measurement or during sorting, the contour of each object is tracked in real-time and the bounding box is determined. To crop the original image of size 80 × 250 down to 18 × 18 pixels with the cell body centered, the middle of the bounding box is used. Image noise affects the location of the contour and the resulting middle point of the cell. Therefore, we used random shifting (left–right and up-down) of the cropped image by one pixel during model training.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
200,801 |
We adopted WB to examine the NLRP3 inflammasome expression in chondrocytes and joint tissues to probe the impact of miR-30b-5p on NLRP3. As a result, by contrast with the control group, NLRP3, ASC and cleaved-Caspase1 were significantly up-regulated in IL-1β-treated HC-A cells, and it was further up-regulated after miR-30b-5p mimics were added. On the contrary, it was down-regulated after miR-30b-5p inhibitors were supplemented (P<0.05, Figure 5A, 5B). Similarly, by contrast with the sham group, NLRP3, ASC and cleaved-Caspase1 were up-regulated in the OA group, while they were signally down-regulated after the supplementation of miR-30b-5p inhibitors into the knee cavity (P<0.05, Figure 5C). These findings revealed that miR-30b-5p up-regulated NLRP3 inflammasomes in the OA model in vivo and in vitro.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
283,223 |
Here again, the UK is right where we would expect for an EU country at its level of development: The UK's green dot (partially obscured, between Belgium and Sweden) sits very near the regression line (Figure 3). Shunning a Hindu neighbor is very rare in all the rich EU countries. So too in the Anglophone countries (blue dots).
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
187,262 |
The three key US emergency physician organizations had a collective 42,918 followers of their primary Twitter accounts as of December 11, 2020. When those following more than one professional organization were only counted once, there were 27,022 unique followers, with 10,905 (40.4%) belonging to at least two of the three groups (Figure 1). As an approximation for cohesion, the overlap coefficient of the three handles was 0.43, calculated as the ratio of the intersection over the maximum possible intersection ([A∩B∩C]/min[|A|,|B|,|C|]) . After exclusions, 2073 US-based emergency physicians were identified, with high interrater reliability (κ=0.96).
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
53,910 |
Finally, additional limitations to note concern the instruments used to assess the main constructs investigated in the current study. Perceived discrimination, identity, and well-being are multidimensional constructs. With respect to discrimination, recent studies have highlighted how several types of ethnic/religious discrimination experiences have different impacts on well-being (Brittian et al., 2015). Notably, it would be useful in future studies about Muslims to consider perceived ethnic group discrimination (e.g., denigration of one’s groups as a whole) in addition to the widely used interpersonal (individual) perceived discrimination. Furthermore, we need to consider the multidimensionality of the concept and measurement of identity dimensions. Each of the identity dimensions explored in the current study (ethnic, national, and religious identity) includes different aspects and operationalizations (e.g., sense of belonging, centrality, identification, adoption of cultural practices and values, citizenship) that are rarely investigated in the same study. We adopted a cultural framework to define identities; nevertheless, future studies should include more facets of identity processes, in line with recent research interests, such as the study of citizenship identities and their relationship with national identity (Hussain & Bagguley, 2005; Thomas & Sanderson, 2011). Lastly, we only considered the psychological well-being of Muslims, whereas researchers recommend investigating several aspects of well-being. No indicators of socio-cultural well-being (e.g., school success, work performance, behavioural problems) have been included in the current study in addition to psychological well-being, and both are indeed relevant outcomes of the acculturation process, as already documented (Searle & Ward, 1990).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
273,065 |
Participants generally felt well-informed of the risks and benefits, having held multiple discussions with the clinical trial team, the surgical team, and their treating clinician over many months and years. One patient noted they “had to be” well-informed in preparation to sit before the Victorian Mental Health Tribunal. Some patients felt having an opportunity to talk to others with a DBS implant (not necessarily for depression), would be beneficial to understand more about the physical aspect of having the device.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
255,233 |
Presence of bone destruction was assessed with plain radiographs and/or computed tomography (CT) images, and lesions > 5 mm in diameter were evaluated as positive because 5 mm is considered the detection limit by plain radiography. Progression of destruction was defined as extension of bone destruction by more than 5 mm. Osteoarthritic change which reflects cartilage degeneration and osteophyte formation was evaluated using the Kellgren–Lawrence (K–L) scale22, a 5-level OA severity score (0 indicating normal; 1 doubtful; 2 mild or minimal; 3 moderate; and 4 severe) based on a pictorial guide depicting the degree of osteophyte formation, joint space narrowing, sclerosis, and joint deformity. Progression of osteoarthritic change was defined as an increase in the K-L score on plain XP examination during the clinical course. OA change was defined as K-L grade equal or more than II. Two observers (T. O. and K. I.) evaluated bone destruction and osteoarthritic change separately. Osteochondral destruction was defined as the presence of bone destruction and/or osteoarthritic change. Kappa statistics were used to determine the interobserver variability. Kappa coefficient showed good agreement for observers evaluating the osteochondral destruction (initial: 0.856, progression: 0.845). If any discrepancy was present in the evaluation, they discussed it together until reaching a consensus.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
136,951 |
Expansion of adoptively transferred OTI-IL-7Rα449F CD8 T cells is impaired in the mdLN following influenza infection. (a) Scatter plot and representative bar graph of CD45.2+ Vα2+ CD8 T cells in BoyJ (CD45.1+) mice 4 dpi. Gated within live B220− CD8+ cells. (b) Histogram and (c) bar graph of median florescence intensity (MFI) of activation markers (CD5, TCR (Vα2), and CD69). Data are representative of two experiments. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 as determined by two‐tailed Student's t‐test.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
195,055 |
Layered cell control by PRC2. (A) Cell cycle gene response to PRC2 inactivation shows strong upregulation of some marked and consistently affected anti-proliferative genes, while the majority of pro-proliferative genes are downregulated and unmarked. Sox genes are marked and downregulated. (B) Proposed mechanism of action for the indirect regulation of the Sox genes on the cell cycle genes. (C) Consistently affected pro-proliferative genes (E2f1, Ccna2, Ccnb1, Cdc25c and Ccnd1) exhibit a reduction in expression over embryonic development. This trend is observed in mice across the anterior brain regions (FB and MB), and in human embryonic samples (human homologs: ENSG00000134057/CCND1, ENSG00000101412/E2F1, ENSG00000145386/CCNA2, ENSG00000110092/CCND1) (W1: 8–9 postconceptional weeks (PCW), W2: 12–13 PCW, W3: 14–18 PCW, W4: 18–22 PCW) (58), also across the brain (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). (D) Select cell cycle genes exhibit evidence of an A–P gradient in WT. (E) Grouping all affected cell cycle genes reveals a trend (mean and standard error) for A–P flattening. (F) PRC2 ensures that Hox homeotic genes are only expressed in the SC and HB, and brain TFs only in the FB and MB, and promotes gradients of stemness, anti- and pro-proliferative gene expression. These A–P differences in regulatory gene expression underpin A–P differences in proliferation, creating a gradient of CNS growth
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
38,154 |
To minimize the confounding effects of the mechanism of injury, GCS, injuries based on AIS, and ISS related to OSTA effect on outcome, a separate set of propensity score-matched comparable study populations for high- and medium-risk vs. low-risk patients, respectively, was created for comparison. After propensity score matching, outcome was compared in the 408 well-balanced pairs of high-risk and low-risk patients (Table 3), 477 well-balanced pairs of medium-risk and low-risk patients (Table 4), and 545 well-balanced pairs of high-risk and medium-risk patients (Table 5). In these pairs of propensity score-matched patients, there was no significant difference in mechanism, GCS, injuries based on AIS, and ISS. The high-risk and medium-risk patients did not differ significantly in terms of the hospital LOS or medical expenses, implying that the aforementioned difference in hospital LOS and medical expenses observed between high-risk and low-risk patients as well as between medium-risk and low risk patients may be attributed to the associated injury severity of the patients with femoral fracture. Furthermore, the logistic regression analysis revealed there was no significant difference in the incidence of ICU admission. However, in the propensity score–matched patient population, high- and medium-risk patients still had a lower charge of surgery than low-risk patients did. The comparison of propensity-score matched high-risk vs. medium-risk patients revealed there was no significant difference of hospital LOS, incidence of ICU admission, and medical expenses, which including charge of surgery, charge of examination, and charge of pharmaceutical. Regarding femur-related surgeries, of 408 matched high-risk and low-risk patients, 248 surgeries had been performed in 246 high-risk patients (average 1.01 surgeries/patient) and 253 surgeries had been performed in 249 low-risk patients (average 1.02 surgeries/patient); of 477 matched medium- and low-risk patients, 298 surgeries had been performed in 297 high-risk patients (average 1.00 surgery/patient) and 291 surgeries had been performed in 287 low-risk patients (average 1.01 surgery/patient). No significant difference was found in the number of times the surgery was performed between high-risk or medium-risk patients with low-risk patients.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
20,151 |
To test for isolation by distance (Wright, 1943), linearized F ST transformation (F ST/[1 − F ST]) was regressed onto the natural log of geographic distances (GD; Rousset, 1997). Regression with GD was also performed with the differentiation estimator D est matrix. Regression analyses were performed in R and tested for significance with a Mantel permutation procedure. Moreover, given the heterogeneous nature of samples, the Monmonier's maximum difference algorithm implemented in BARRIER v.2.2 was used to highlight geographical features associated with genetic discontinuities among populations (see Manni et al. 2004 for method details). Analyses were conducted using pairwise F ST values, and statistical confidence for each identified barrier was evaluated using 100 bootstrap replicates that were simulated using the package diveRsity in R. Analyses were also conducted separately for each amplifying microsatellite locus.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
10,090 |
Our far-Western blotting assay indicated that nisin could interact with NisK directly. It is reported that nisin bind to cell membrane through electrostatic interactions with phospholipid head groups in the membrane because of its cationic nature (Bauer and Dicks, 2005). It is also suggested that nisin is adsorbed to the membrane surface for acting as a quorum sensing signal (Ra et al., 1996; Hilmi et al., 2006), which could explain why only weak binding force was detected between nisin and NisK extracellular region by SPR. As Figure 6C shown that nisin dissociated from NisK very fast, we supposed that nisin-NisK interaction is not stable, and nisin might perform a “touch and go away” model to interact with NisK. Besides, we supposed that NisKex may not fold properly in the absence of the trans-membrane segments which might also be another reason that nisin was detected to have weak affinity to the extracelluar region of NisK protein. Thus we supposed that NisK recognized nisin might also be related to the cell membrane which needs further study to be verified.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
379,096 |
Plasma aliquots were thawed and prepared following kit manufacturer guidelines. All samples were analyzed in duplicate. MCP-1, soluble (s)CD163, IP-10, galectin-1, galectin-3, galectin-9, IL-6, TNF-α, TNFR1, D-dimer, and cystatin C were measured using custom Luminex kits from (R&D Systems) and CRP was measured using the Procartaplex kit (Thermofisher). Data was acquired on a Luminex 200TM analyzer (Luminex) and analyzed using MILLIPLEX® Analyst software (Millipore). Neopterin and sCD14 were measured via ELISA (Neopterin competitive enzyme immunoassay, ALPCO, NH, USA; Human CD14 Quantikine ELISA kit, R&D Systems). Optical density was read with a microplate spectrophotometer (Bio-Rad) and data analysis, including four parameter logistic standard interpolation, was carried out using the online MyAssays Ltd. data analysis tool.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
141,949 |
Zn(II) was a relatively abundant divalent metal in prebiotic environments , particularly in the oceans, where life is claimed to have originated. In the course of evolution, Zn (II) was chosen over other divalent trace metals as an enzyme catalyst, a protein allosteric modulator including receptor channels, and became a structural protein determinant (as with Zn(II) fingers) with a multiplicity of cellular functions. Therefore, we deem that Zn(II) was likely an early participant in the history of life. As to why Zn(II) was selected over other abundant divalent metals, known as trace metals, we can speculate that based on its reduced redox potential it was less chemically damaging than Cu(II), for example, while acknowledging that both Zn(II) and Cu(II) accomplish relatively similar roles as protein modulators . It has been recognized for more than 30 years that Zn(II) in the brain is stored in synaptic vesicles together with transmitter molecules such as glutamate or ATP, and the metal is released to the synaptic space together with transmitters where the role of this metal is still uncertain. We deem that among other properties, Zn(II) participates in brain signaling either as an agonist of ionic channels, (the Zn(II)-activated channels), or as a synapse channel modulator .
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
369,226 |
Diabetes is associated with tissue hypotrophy and sensitivity impairment, as a consequence of the synergetic effects of vasculopathy and neuropathy [7, 8]. Interestingly, a positive association between clitoral vascular resistance (assessed by clitoral ecocolorDoppler ultrasound) and metabolic syndrome (mainly insulin resistance) with decreased sexual arousal, body image concerns, and increased somatised anxiety symptoms was also reported .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
351,891 |
The Commission has received the following application referring to a detoxification process for assessment by EFSA of compliance with the acceptability criteria: Feed to be decontaminatedProcessContaminants of concernFish mealHexane extraction with exchange of dioxins contaminated fish oil from fish meal with a filtered fish oilDioxins and PCBs
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
|
213,349 |
In the forward link, the received SNR degrades both for the gain loss due to the reduced antenna size and for the increased interference received from adjacent satellites in the GEO arc. Therefore, negative SNR values are typically used, with modulation such as DVB-S2X very low signal-to-noise ratio (down to −9 dB) modes (VL-SNR);
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
5,736 |
The following reagents were purchased from Sigma Aldrich: neutral buffered formalin (NBF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), tetrahydrofuran (THF), dichloromethane (DCM), dibenzyl ether (DBE), benzyl alcohol, benzyl benzoate, urea, N,N,N’,N’-tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine, 2,2′,2″-nitrilotriethanol, fructose, α-thioglycerol, D-sorbitol and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) dilactate. RapiClear-CLARITY Specific (RC-CS) Solution and Mounting Medium and iSpacer imaging chambers were purchased from the SunJin Lab: 2,2′-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane] dihydrochloride was purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries. Imaging dishes were purchased from Ibidi (81158). Acrylamide (40%) was purchased from Bio-Rad Laboratories. Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) was purchased from Melford Laboratories. Triton-X100 was purchased from VWR International. The following primary antibodies were used for immunostaining: rabbit anti-α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) (Abcam, ab5694; 1:200-1:300 for 2D and 3D studies), rabbit anti-keratin 5 (BioLegend, 905501; 1:100 (3D)), rat anti-cytokeratin 8 (Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, TROMA-I; 1:50 (3D) or 1:150-200 (2D)), rabbit anti-E-cadherin (Cell Signaling, 3195; 1:50 (3D) or 1:200 (2D)), mouse anti-E-cadherin (BD Transduction Laboratories, 610182; 1:300 (2D)), rabbit anti-cleaved caspase 3 (Cell Signaling, 9661S; 1:200 (2D)) and rabbit anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (DAKO, A0485; 1:300 (3D) or 1:500 (2D)). The following Alexa Fluor conjugated secondary antibodies were purchased from Life Technologies and diluted 1:500 (2D and 3D studies) in blocking buffer: goat anti-rat Cy3 (A10522), goat anti-rabbit 647 (A21245) and chicken anti-rabbit 647 (A21443). Anti-rabbit horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated secondary antibody was purchased from DAKO (P0448; 1:500).
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
|
314,868 |
In Italy, in 2018, notification rate of invasive listeriosis was 0.29 cases per 100,000 population, lower than the average of European countries (0.47). Indeed, despite Listeria rarely exceeding the EU food safety limit tested in ready-to-eat food, many European countries reported rates higher than 0.80 (Estonia, Finland, Spain, Sweden, Denmark, Luxemburg, and Germany) .
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
|
72,814 |
Maternal outcomes are demonstrated in table 2. After excluding women with pre-existing type 1 and type 2 diabetes, all women who attended the specialist clinic had a screening test with sufficient information being collected to confirm or exclude a diagnosis of GDM. In contrast, 26.4% (128/484) of those receiving standard care either had no screening test for GDM or insufficient information was collected for a diagnosis of GDM to be made. The clinical diagnosis of GDM from the patient record matched the diagnosis from blood glucose levels in all women who attended the specialist clinic. In contrast, in those receiving standard care, when the notes and actual blood glucose values were compared, the ‘wrong’ diagnosis was made in 17 women. One woman was incorrectly diagnosed with GDM when her screening test for GDM was normal. A further 16 woman had a positive diagnostic test for GDM according to glucose values obtained during a glucose tolerance test but the diagnosis was missed and these women were incorrectly labelled as not having GDM (and did not therefore receive treatment).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
330,316 |
These silicon retinas employ independent and asynchronous pixels that generate events only in response to changes in illumination at each pixel, producing data in an event-based manner and removing the need for frames and fixed exposure times. Since each pixel operates independently, the sensor as a whole can operate with a very high dynamic range and greatly reduces saturation and exposure effects. The data generated by event-based sensors has a very high temporal resolution allowing the sensor to capture high-speed activity in a sparse activity-driven manner.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
|
336,174 |
Price elasticities to calculate changes in consumption following a price change in the scenarios were obtained from a systematic literature review . For total meat (red, white, and processed) the mean estimated price elasticity was − 0.60 (95% confidence intervals (CI): − 0.66; − 0.54) and for F&V -0.53 (95% CI: − 0.59; − 0.48). Consumption changes over time were calculated using the Dynamic Modelling for Health Impact Analysis (DYNAMO-HIA) model . See for more model details the next section.
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
181,526 |
Overall, only 50 published articles were identified by the search strategy. Thirty-one articles were excluded because they were outside of the relevant topics, 3 were excluded because they specifically described K. kingae infection in adult HIV patients, which is very rare, and is not representative of the majority of K. kingae infections. Finally, 16 published articles were found to describe the association between K. kingae and viral infections. Five additional papers were included in the review.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 2Review
|
259,640 |
Genomic DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues using the GeneRead DNA FFPE kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The kit procedure included the removal of deaminated cytosine to prevent false results in DNA sequencing. Neoplastic cellularity was evaluated by two pathologists (C.L., B.R.) on hematoxylin and eosin staining, and each tumor sample was manually microdissected with a fine-needle hypodermic syringe to enrich for tumor cells. Quantification of genomic DNA samples was performed with the Qubit dsDNA HS assay kit on a Qubit fluorometer (ThermoFisher, Waltham, MA, USA) and qualification was done as previously described .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
87,428 |
Previous work from the Brusso group has focused on the synthesis of derivatives of TTA and their nitrogen-containing counterpart tetrathienoacridine . To improve upon their performance, the conjugation of these systems was extended in two dimensions with oligothienyls of increasing lengths, as it was anticipated that such an approach would enhance the degree of intermolecular communication. Of these derivatives, OTFTs were fabricated using both mono- and bi-thienyl TTA molecules through simple solution-based methodologies. Moderate device performance was observed, with the best mobilities on the order of 10−4–10−3 cm2/Vs. Little improvement in OTFT performance was observed upon expanding the conjugation, likely as a result of increased disorder in the solution-processed thin films. In an effort to overcome this limitation, TT moieties were incorporated into the construction of 2D thienoacenes. The rigid structure of TTs should lead to increased intermolecular interactions in the solid-state, better π-electron delocalization and enhanced light absorptivity and charge conductivity, while simultaneously tuning the energy levels on the molecular orbitals by virtue of the electron-rich nature of the TT core .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
306,627 |
However, despite bringing different ‘adolescent voices’ to the project, we are aware that we cannot speak on behalf of all adolescents and we share some core values and opinions, such as our understanding of the importance of academic education. This means we have not yet included representatives from the population of adolescents who are not so interested in education. This was also a reason why we sought other adolescents’ opinions through surveys and at the mental health seminar. Our aim was to gain better insight into diverse experiences and perspectives on mental health services. We think that the research project should continue to strive to hear the voices of those groups of adolescents who have not been heard. This may include for example those who drop out from school and adolescents of different minority groups.
| 2 | 2other
| 1Other
|
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