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85,194 |
National health disparities data based on race or ethnicity within the justice-involved community is limited and warrants attention ,. The existent sparse disaggregated data indicates substantial substance use disorder and mental illness occurrence , higher AIDS death rates , and higher prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases, tuberculosis and HIV among African American and Latino inmates. The AI/AN population possesses high rates of substance-related offenses , that may indicate disparate rates of AI/AN substance abuse disorders among inmates. Though there is an incomplete understanding of racial and ethnic health disparities experienced within criminal justice populations, the assumption of health inequities is strengthened by general population disparities data. Minorities in the general U.S. population experience disproportionate rates of morbidity and mortality from many of the same infectious and chronic conditions experienced by the justice-involved population.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
371,864 |
The pathogenesis and the progression of a lot of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and thrombosis are accompanied by an inflammation response (Gistera and Hansson, 2017). In the blood vessel, the athero-prone regions are usually near the bifurcation of the arteries, where the hemodynamic forces are different from those in the straight part of the artery due to the blood flow (Wang et al., 2016). In this athero-prone lesion area, ECs show a cobblestone morphology in contrast to the elongated ECs in the straight part of the artery. Our study provides a direct evidence that this EC morphology change in the athero-prone area may upregulate microRNAs that can be transferred to monocytes via EVs and thus induce inflammatory signals.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
395,779 |
The mean area ratio of the intraretinal cystoid space to the retinal area was 19.7% ± 1.9%, and the mean number of cystoid spaces was 3.7 ± 0.3; the area ratio was calculated using the data of absolute amounts of the intraretinal cystoid space (mean amount, 8356 ± 994 pixels2; range, 997–37,290 pixels2) and the retinal (mean amount, 39,895 ± 1442 pixels2; range, 2188–72,565 pixels2) areas. The mean CRT, extents of DRIL, and ELM and EZ disruptions were 418 ± 21 μm, 1056 ± 51 μm, 273 ± 80 μm, and 580 ± 95 μm, respectively. Sixteen eyes (34.8%) had hyperreflective foci, and nine eyes (19.6%) had SRF at baseline. All eyes (100%) exhibited CME, 37 eyes (80.4%) were categorized into the CME type with no SRD type, nine eyes (19.6%) were SRD type, and no eyes were sponge-like retinal swelling type. There were no eyes with pre- or intra-retinal hemorrhage greater than 1/2 disc diameter at the foveal region.
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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135,658 |
Next, we plotted the above measurements profiles against submerged culture parameters for each strain/Dox concentration (Figure 5). Amongst the comparisons, the strongest observed correlation was between strain radial growth rate and heterogeneity during liquid culture, whereby isolates with reduced radial growth tended to produce less pellets (R 2 = 0.67). Discernible positive correlations were also observed between radial growth and dry weight and MN (R 2 = 0.50 and 0.49, respectively). Moderate positive correlations were also observed between hyphal length and heterogeneity, dry weight, or MN (Figure 5). In general, pH growth coefficients and hyphal tip number were not well correlated with submerged growth (Figure 5), suggesting any cause/effect relationship between these growth parameters and submerged macromorphology is not detectable by simple pairwise comparisons.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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180,442 |
Let f(x) denote a time domain function of x, where x represents a time domain variable and u is a frequency domain variable. When f(x) reaches the Dirichlet condition, the discrete Fourier transform is formula (4) and the inverse transform is formula (5), where F(u) is a frequency domain function:(4)Fu=∑x=0N−1fxe−j2πux/N, u=0,1,…,N−1,(5)fx=1N∑u=0N−1Fuej2πux/N, x=0,1,…,N−1.
| 3 | 2other
| 1Other
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169,013 |
ELISA involved 96-well ELISA plates (F16 MAXISORP plates) being covered with 100 µL/well test peptide at 10 µg/mL in PBS, incubated for 1 hour at 37°C and overnight at 4°C. The sensitised plates were incubated at 37°C for 1 hour, washed 5 times with washing solution (phosphate buffer saline, 0.5% Tween-20), followed by a final wash with distilled water. They were blocked with 200 µL/well blocking solution (0.5% PBS-Tween-20, 5% skimmed milk) and incubated at 37°C for 1 hour. After washing, 100 µL/well immunised Aotus sera were placed in wells in 1:100 dilution, incubated at 37°C for 1 hour and washed again; 100 µL/well of goat anti-Aotus IgG peroxidase conjugate were then added at 1:1,000 dilution in blocking solution (PBS+0,05% Tween 20 and non-fat milk). They were incubated at 37°C for 1 hour, washed and 100 µL/well developing solution was added (TMB substrate peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide: 1:1 ratio). Microplate readings were taken 30 minutes later at 620 OD (LabSystems Multiskan MS). Thirty sera from COVID-19-recovered humans were evaluated with the peptides, following the procedure explained above.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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158,078 |
The spatial distribution of regional volumetric lung function measures determined by EIT is heterogeneous in patients suffering from COPD and consistently higher than in healthy subjects. EIT is able to reliably discriminate the patients with exacerbated COPD from healthy subjects using the CV and GI values of pixel VT, FIV1, and FIVC obtained from EIT examinations carried out during quiet tidal breathing and forced full inspiration and not only of pixel FEV1 and FVC calculated from ET images recorded during the conventional forced full expiration maneuvers. These findings support further research on the use of EIT in spontaneously breathing patients with COPD, nonetheless, the role of EIT in the diagnostics, therapy monitoring, prognostics, and clinical outcome assessment of patients with COPD remains yet to be established. With COPD presenting a major public health problem, this recently identified research field, exploring the regional lung function testing with EIT in patients with this disease, seems reasonable.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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25,024 |
Figure 2 illustrates the eye and mosaic stimuli, with the averted and straight directions indicated. Eye stimuli were prepared from color photographs of full-face neutral expressions of seven females and seven males, looking either to the left or straight ahead. Only the eyes were used from the photographs; no other facial features or eyebrows were visible in the stimuli. Mirror images of these stimuli were created using Photoshop 6.0 (Adobe). Eyes looking to the left or right were used for the averted-direction condition, and eyes looking straight ahead were used for the straight-direction condition. The mean luminance of the images was kept constant using MATLAB 6.5 (MathWorks).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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205,433 |
Although the current study examined a range of predictive variables, there are likely to be other factors which may have influenced response to the in-home light therapy in this study. In a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of light therapy on sleep problems, van Maanen et al. highlighted that treatment characteristics may impact treatment response including “number of treatment days, daily treatment duration and intensity and spectral characteristics of light” [(31), p. 53]. They found treatment for insomnia to be significantly moderated by light intensity, in that larger effects were found for studies using higher light intensity. A study examining factors predicting therapeutic outcomes with DSWPD also echoed the sentiment that consistency in exposure is a key factor in treatment efficacy. They found the number of light therapy days using a light box predicted both earlier sleep onset and earlier sleep offset, and emphasized the importance of daily usage (18). The 8-week treatment duration was a strength in our study design, as many outcomes appeared to show improvement between Weeks 4 and 8. The use of the entire ambient day-evening light environment as the therapeutic vehicle, rather than limited exposure to a light box, was also a strength, although the trade-off between these approaches remains to be tested directly; is it better to have shorter-duration but more controlled and higher intensity light box exposure in the morning over fewer weeks, compared to “all-day” ambient but less well-controlled exposure over a longer (life)time? Future studies should examine the change in spectral characteristics (e.g., melEDI) as a predictive factor of treatment response, and even longer treatment durations given the passive nature of the intervention and low patient burden.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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373,549 |
The genome of T. thlaspeos was recently sequenced and annotated. With 20.5 Mb, 6239 gene models, and a low repeat content, it is a typical smut fungal genome . Notably, we could identify the mating loci a and b in this genome. In comparison to the grass smut fungi, the a locus of T. thlaspeos is strongly rearranged, and aligns well to the biocontrol yeast Anthracocystis flocculosa (formerly Pseudozyma flocculosa). It still contains one copy of the pheromone receptor pra1 and pheromone mfa1, or pra2 and mfa2 in T. thlaspeos LF1 and LF2, respectively . The b locus is conserved with a bi-directional promoter in between the two genes, and we have previously shown that the heterodimer formation of bE and bW isconserved in T. thlaspeos . Conservation of the mating genes throughout evolution suggests that T. thlaspeos still uses mating, e.g., for exchange of genetic material. However, the infectious lifecycle so far has not revealed a stage where mating is required. Therefore, we aimed for a more detailed understanding of the role of the T. thlaspeos mating genes.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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239,148 |
The replication of SARS-CoV-2 in tissues was confirmed by in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Nasal turbinate, palatine tonsil, and lung from inoculated deer euthanized on days 2 and 5 pi were examined by ISH using the RNAscope ZZ technology and positive and negative sense RNA probes to detect SARS-CoV-2 genomic and subgenomic RNAs and in nasal turbinate, palatine tonsil, mandibular lymph node, medial retropharyngeal lymph node, olfactory lobe, trachea, and lung by IHC using a nucleoprotein (NP) specific mAb . Moderate to abundant staining of viral RNA and NP was observed in nasal turbinate on days 2 and 5 pi; however, viral staining was less intense on day 5 pi (Figs 7 and 8). Viral staining was most pronounced in cells within the mucosal epithelial layer (Figs 7 and 8). Epithelial cells with contact to turbinate lumens were most often virus positive. Some cells in the middle and basilar portions of the epithelium were also sporadically stained. Additionally, moderate punctate staining of cells within the submucosal interstitial stroma, as well as cells associated with submucosal glandular or vascular elements were also observed (Fig 8). Viral RNA and antigen distribution in nasal turbinate epithelial cells was consistent with detection of high levels of expression of the virus receptor ACE2 and the TMPRSS2 protease in these cells (Fig 9A–9C).
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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366,768 |
The African American population is widely underrepresented in genetic studies. In GWAS studies, only 19% of individuals are non-European and less than 5% are non-European and non-Asian.7 While other eQTL mapping studies have used African American samples, the number of individuals have been very small, thus making them underpowered to adequately account for population specific variation. Furthermore, these studies did not account for DNA methylation as a SNP-based covariate.7 In this study, we perform the first investigation of the effect of DNA methylation on eQTL mapping in African Americans and evaluate methylation-adjusted eQTL associations to complex diseases, phenotypic traits, and metabolic traits. These findings may explain the role DNA methylation plays in health disparities observed in African Americans.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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210,479 |
Some scientists have conducted related research regarding the mentioned problems about the maturation of organoids in vitro. It is demonstrated that uniaxial strain induces the growth and maturation of human intestinal organoids transplanted into mouse mesentery by compressed nitinol springs (Poling et al., 2018). Kwang Bo Jung et al. showed that coculture with human T lymphocytes could induce the in vitro maturation of human intestinal organoids and determined that interleukin 2 (IL-2) activates STAT3 as the main factor inducing maturation. Moreover, the matured human intestinal organoids in vitro still maintain their mature state after in vivo engraftment (Jung et al., 2018).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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62,920 |
There was a statistically significant group difference in neuropsychological performance when NART IQ was added as a covariate (F6,52 = 3.59, p < 0.005; Wilk's Λ = 0.707). Table 1 illustrates that significant between-subjects effects were observed for the Z-score domains of executive/working memory, attention and psychomotor speed, memory and overall performance. No significant difference was observed in short-term memory or emotional processing. For scores on individual tests contributing to these domains, see online Supplementary Table S1.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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292,590 |
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
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84,166 |
Understanding which women are likely to make particular prevention choices is a key basis for efforts to facilitate informed, values-consistent, health-protective decisions. This involves understanding how uptake rates do or do not fit specific subgroups of women, as well as how psychological and social dynamics may affect the preferences and actions of individuals. Existing knowledge relevant to this area comes primarily from retrospective studies, usually of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and women who have completed preventive surgeries. This research is largely descriptive and correlational, and does not explore decision-making processes or other factors that affect women’s preferences and choices on a prospective basis.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 2Review
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192,720 |
Pearson’s correlation tests were used to evaluate relationships between daily and weekly intake of foods, and to measure potential correlations between frequencies of different foods. T-tests were used to evaluate relationships between variables such as age and obese/overweight, and age and patient status. A chi-square test was used to evaluate whether patient status was related to being obese/overweight. Multiple regression models were used to evaluate the relationships between the exposure of interest and sperm outcomes. Raw and adjusted models were compared. We further accounted for multiple testing of several outcomes (sperm characteristics or DMRs) through an adaptive False Discovery Rate (FDR) procedure (24, 25). Sensitivity tests were performed as explained below.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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286,004 |
The questionnaire included questions on (i) knowledge about the mandatory (tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis: Tdap vaccine) and recommended (influenza and pneumococcal vaccines and, if >65 years old, the herpes zoster vaccine) vaccinations for people living with diabetes, according to French recommendations ; (ii) the possession and updating of a vaccination record booklet; and (iii) feelings about vaccines (favorable, unfavorable, mixed or no opinion).
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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334,896 |
The simulation system setup has been described previously by us and others . Briefly, for B18L•BST-2 system, two B18L chains were initially placed 5 nm away from the center of BST-2. For the B18L•membrane system, four B18L chains were initially placed on the surface of cell membrane or in the center of cell membrane, six B18L chains were inserted in the transmembrane at t = 0. The systems were then constructed by the CHARMM-GUI web tool . The systems were filled with 0.15 M KCl to a final neutral charge. The simulation environment was set as periodic boundary conditions (PBC) with the Particle mesh Ewald (PME) method . CHARMM36 force field and GROMACS 5.1.1 software were employed in all simulations. The trajectories were analyzed using VMD 1.9.3 and GROMACS.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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207,355 |
E. coli isolates were highly resistant to amoxicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, nitrofurantoin, ampicillin, streptomycin, and kanamycin as well as completely sensitive to norfloxacin and azithromycin antibiotics. One of the main concerns in food safety and public health is the emergence of antibiotic resistant foodborne bacterial pathogens . A wide range of antimicrobial agents are currently being employed worldwide for growth promotion, diseases prevention, and treatment of sick animals allowing the development of MDR foodborne pathogens . A previous study in Korea reported high level of antibiotic resistance among E. coli strains isolated from food and food animals, finding that 15.6, 12.5, 10.4, 9.4, and 9.4% of the E. coli isolates were resistant against tetracycline, streptomycin, ampicillin, ticarcillin and nalidixic acid antibiotics, respectively . A study which was conducted in Mexico reported that E. coli strains isolated from food samples were resistant to tetracycline (34%; 19 out of 56), cefepime (30%; 17 out of 56) and ampicillin (29%; 16 out of 56) . A study in Iran by Mazaheri et al. reported high resistance to tetracycline and ampicillin in Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) strains isolated from lettuce samples . Another study which has been performed recently by Wang et al. showed that 49, 28, 24, 20 and 18% of E. coli strains isolated from retail food samples were resistant to tetracycline, nalidixic acid, ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and cephalothin, respectively . Moreover, Yu et al. in China isolated E. coli from raw milk samples with high resistance to penicillin, acetylspiramycin, oxacillin, lincomycin, sulphamethoxazole, cephalosporin and ampicillin . A recent study of Elmonir et al. in Egypt also showed a high resistance to nalidixic acid, ampicillin and streptomycin in STEC strains isolated from raw milk and beef samples .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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364,934 |
In addition to the rapid initiation of an adequate calculated antimicrobial treatment, adjuvant measures are important in the management of CAP, as they may help to reduce lethality. Beside sufficient fluid resuscitation and treatment with vasopressors, particularly in patients with hypotension and/or septic shock, these adjuvant therapies include measures to reduce fever, supplementary oxygen in hypoxia, mechanical ventilation in respiratory failure and treatment of bronchial obstruction. Administration of systemic glucocorticosteroids is currently only recommended in patients with concomitant bronchial obstruction or septic shock. All CAP patients should receive thrombosis prophylaxis.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
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362,943 |
Some studies demonstrate that, as a protection mechanism, in an early stage of diseases, Nrf2 has its activity increased in order to avoid damage induced by ROS. In the final stage, due to the chronicity and/or severity of the disease, this protection mechanism may become saturated by the excess of EROs leading to the reduction of Nrf232,33 or the Nrf2 appears to be insufficiently capable of antagonizing NF-κB and it remains high.26
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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54,183 |
Requirement of the E3 component for the in vitro ubiquitylation of a Rad50 substrate from Sulfolobus solfataricus and investigation of the key residues predicted by the structural models to be required for the functional enzymatic cascade. a The C. subterraneum srfp (E3-like) protein is required for the in vitro ubiquitylation of a S. solfataricus Rad50 substrate. (left) Lanes 1 and 2: ubiquitylation reaction containing Rad50 substrate and the ubiquitin, E1-like, E2-like proteins in the absence or presence of the srfp (E3-like) protein, respectively. ubiquitylation assay and srfp (E3-like) proteins required for the ubiquitylation cascade. (right) exclusion of any individual component from the reaction prevents ubiquitylation of the Rad50 component. The reaction in lanes 4 lacks the srfp (E3-like) component, while the reactions in lane 5 and 6 lack the E2-like and E3-like enzymes, respectively. b MS/MS spectra of the ubiquitylated S. solfataricus Rad50 peptides identified in the modified bands. (2+) indicates doubly charged precursor ions. Spectra show the annotated peaks that are due to C-terminal y (coloured red) and N-terminal b (coloured blue) fragment ions. In each case, the m/z values of the precursor ions and the m/z values of the fragment ions are consistent with ubiquitylations. The lysine modified with the ‘TVGG’ isopeptide-linked moiety, generated following trypsin digestion, is underlined. c Examining the importance of predicted key residues in the ubiquitin, E1-like and E2-like proteins using the functional in vitro ubiquitylation assay of the S. solfataricus Rad50 substrate. All reactions included the ubiquitin, E1-like, E2-like and srfp (E3)-like components. Mutant proteins were substituted for the native (wild-type) proteins as indicated. Lane 1, native protein (wild-type) proteins only (control); lane 2, E2-PY67/68AA (loop 4) mutant; lane 3, E2-PS103/104AA (loop7) mutant; lane 4, combination of E2-PS103/104AA (loop7) and E3-W58A mutants; lane 5, E2-PS103/104AQ mutant; lane 6, E3-W58A mutant; lane 7, E3-I30Q mutant; lane 8, E3-R69A mutant; lane 9, ubiquitin-T46D mutant. All assays were performed at 60 °C for 60 min as described in the methods section. Products were separated by SDS-PAGE and visualised by Coomassie staining
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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142,178 |
The input dimensions are m (corresponding to the vocabulary of documents) and n (corresponding the the number of documents). The hidden layer has d nodes, representing the embedding feature size. The output dimensions are m (corresponding to the vocabulary of documents). The principle is to learn to predict context. For example, if a report has “hydroxychloroquine” followed by “SARS-CoV-2” in the same sentence, the input corresponding to “Hydroxychloroquine” is set as one, and the Doc ID is also set as one. The network will learn weights to produce the largest output values corresponding to the node “SARS-CoV-2”.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
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330,133 |
There are several well-discussed theories of depression including the monoamine theory , HPA axis dysregulation in response to stress , and in particular the emerging role of inflammation [29, 30]. Epidemiological research indicates that up to 70% of individuals with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and heart disease, experience depression . Chronic stress, a major risk factor for depression, can activate inflammatory response in both the periphery and CNS through the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis . Impaired negative feedback in the HPA axis resulting in high levels of cortisol lead to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and acute phase proteins from macrophages through the activation of NF-kB [33, 34]. Peripheral inflammatory signals are detected by microglia in the brain, which then initiate their own inflammatory cascade through the activation of CNS cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) , ultimately leading to alterations in serotonin signalling and changes in mood.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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181,891 |
The global nutrition report 2018 also revealed that infant and young child diets are suboptimal across all wealth groups, ranging from 75.6 percent in the lowest quintile to 56.7 percent in the highest quintile . The fact that household wealth predicts MDD emphasizes the importance of household assets in determining optimal CF practices [9, 10], which is consistent with our findings.
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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332,800 |
As a taxonomic marker, we used the gene gyrB encoding DNA gyrase b-subunit as the phylogenetic marker on GeoChip 3.0. Sequences of 16S rRNA genes are widely used as phylogenetic markers for bacterial/archaeal systematics and ecology ; however, it is difficult to use them to obtain fine-scale resolution at species and/or strain level as is required here. A phylogenetic tree based on gyrB results in a magnitude higher resolution than a tree based on 16S rRNA genes . GyrB is used here as an indicator of taxonomic diversity. This way the phylogenetic markers could be used to conduct a similar analysis to the functional genes and test whether the pattern for functional genes can be explained by taxonomical distribution alone.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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97,331 |
Transient tests were performed at diverse levels of constant stress and the change in strain as a function of time recorded. For simplicity only the results for samples held at 90 Newton over 72 h were included in this manuscript. Cyclic tests, generally known as dynamic tests, were performed by linear change in strain as a function of time between two stress limits. Two strain rates were employed: 0.01 and 0.05 mm/s. Load limits for the cycles were within one of the following values: 10 to 40, 40 to 90, or 10 to 90 N.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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120,201 |
Our patient navigators had an interest in healthcare but no personal experience with or formal educational background about diabetes, which may be a more replicable model. Despite navigators’ lack of personal experience with diabetes, patients who interacted with them had better outcomes than those who did not. Anecdotally, we found that many patients did not want to leave the program when their 180 days were completed. It may be that patients formed trusting and productive relationships with their assigned navigator, and that effective patient-navigator communication allowed patients a better understanding of and buy-in to the treatment plan.
| 2 | 1clinical
| 1Other
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34,347 |
Fig. 1 provides a visual example of the impact of each realignment method upon the acceleration signal for all levels and directions analysed during an example stride. Vertical signals varied the least between the realignment methods and the realignment method had most impact for acceleration signals measured at the shoulder level.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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386,478 |
Gibson (1979) introduced the theory of ‘affordances’ which are characterised as properties of the environment taken relative to an animal—what the environment can provide either for the animal’s benefit or detriment. This theory suggests that the properties of an environment combined with the capabilities and needs of an animal define the possibilities open to that animal. Realistically, the anisotropic movements of rats are quite representative of many animals because all creatures live in habitats stretched horizontally across the Earth’s surface. These are often layered in pressure or temperature gradients; gravity is also ever pervasive and discourages large changes in altitude which generally require a large energy input. Environmental affordances are, thus, often horizontally stratified either due to limitations on movement or resources and thus the anisotropic perception and coding of space observed in rats (Hayman et al. 2011; Grieves et al. 2020) may extend to many other animals even if they live in volumetric substrates. Interestingly, research on Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) suggests that their representation of space is isotropic (equally accurate in all 3 dimensions; Yartsev and Ulanovsky 2013) although this was observed in relatively small rooms compared to the extensive home range of wild fruit bats (Tsoar et al. 2011; Harten et al. 2020; Toledo et al. 2020). It remains to be seen if bats represent the vast areas over which they forage (up to 90 km2 but with a mean flight altitude of just 30 m; Harten et al. (2020) supplementary data) isotropically as well.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
206,064 |
(a) Volcano plot shows differentially expressed genes with double H3K27me3/H3K9me2 and CHGm on REF6-BS in suvh456. The color of dots corresponds to the following gene categories: red dots represent genes with double H3K27me3/H3K9me2 and CHGm on REF6-BS, orange dots represent genes with double H3K27me3/H3K9me2 and REF6-BS (excluding CHGm REF6-BS), yellow dots represent genes with double H3K27me3/H3K9me2 (excluding REF6-BS), and gray dots represent Arabidopsis all genes (excluding genes with H3K27me3/H3K9me2). Vertical and horizontal lines mark thresholds of up- and downregulated genes are shown (1≦Log2FC, Log2FC≦–1, p<0.05). (b) Plots show the percentage of up-(1≦Log2FC, p<0.05) and downregulated (Log2FC≦–1, p<0.05) genes in the endosperm of suvh456 during germination. Compared are genes with double H3K27me3/H3K9me2 and presence or absence of CHGm on REF6-BS. CHGm was determined based on published data (Park et al., 2016). Asterisks indicate significant differences compared to Arabidopsis all genes (p<0.05, pairwise Fisher’s exact test with Benjamini–Hochberg correction). (c) Plot shows the enrichment of REF6-BS among upregulated (1≦Log2FC, p<0.05) genes in the endosperm of suvh456 during germination. Compared are genes with the indicated combinations of histone modifications and presence (>0.04) or absence (≤0.04) of CHGm. CHGm levels were determined based on published data (Park et al., 2016). Asterisks indicate significant differences between two categories (p<0.05, Fisher’s exact test). (d) Plots show the expression of ABI3 and HSFC1 in the endosperm of suvh456 during germination as determined by RT-qPCR. Embryos of wild type and the suvh456 triple mutant were dissected after 72 hr of stratification and 24 hr of incubation under normal conditions. Error bars indicate SD from technical triplicates. Asterisks indicate significant differences between wild type and suvh456 (p<0.01, Student’s t test).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
378,015 |
For artificial peristome surfaces, the wedge angle is a key factor for impeding liquid back flow, and greatly increases the complexity of fabricating the inclined microcavities . Here, a strong pinning stability was demonstrated on the designed STC unidirectional liquid spreading channel, which showed a potential in constructing low-cost microfluidic platforms and microreactors. We fabricated a series of channels with different wedge angles that ranges between 30° and 110°, through changing the included angles between the SU-8 substrate and UV source during exposure to explore the effect of wedge angle on the transport of the liquid on STC channels (Figure 5a). The widths of hydrophilic stripes are all about 1.2 mm. The right side of Figure 5a displays the liquid spreading state at 300 ms after equivalent droplets were deposited on the as-fabricated channels. In the +S direction, the pinning ability is basically constant, the spreading distance L+S and average spreading velocity decrease with the increase in wedge angle at same time interval owing to the weaker capillary rising effect in FC (Figure 5b) . An anisotropic liquid spreading factor is used to describe the unidirectional liquid spreading extent, which is defined as (3)η=L+S−L−Smax L+S, L−S
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
225,197 |
Exposure therapy is based on fear extinction learning, enabling patients’ anxiety to be decreased . In this regard, the efficacy of virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET), which consists of immersing the subject in a computer-generated virtual environment, has shown promise in treating a variety of anxiety disorders and may be as effective as in vivo exposure therapy for patients suffering from acrophobia . VRET has the advantage of saving time and costs and being suitable for patients who are too anxious to undergo in vivo exposure, with a transferable effect to real-life situations . Moreover, successful attempts to enhance the effects of VRET have been carried out using drugs such as D-Cycloserine , while the literature about the interest of add-on non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques is still scarce.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 2Review
|
133,404 |
In order to better assess our OAF values, we looked for ways to match them with official recommendations. According to the workplace ordinance for indoor spaces (ASR A3.6), depending on the activity of the employees or their level of activity, an indoor air quality considered beneficial is achieved if the concentration of exhaled carbon dioxide (Pettenkofer number) does not exceed a value of 1000 ppm. A carbon dioxide value of 1000 ppm corresponds to an outdoor air flow per person and per hour of 81m3/h during heavy physical activity. The recurrent emergence of such outbreaks suggests that the Pettenkofer value should be kept as far below 1000 ppm as possible, which increases the necessary outdoor air flow per person . In our analysis and in the two on-site visits, the problematic areas are mainly the deboning and meat cutting, meat production, and packaging areas, which did not fulfill the recommended outdoor air flow.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
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210,508 |
Our previous study showed that, with the rupture of BC, large proportions of CD8 and CD68 infiltrate the capillary loop (3). In this study, we found that CD8 and CD68 might be involved in the early development of BC rupture, whereas CD20 and CD4 might be involved during the late stage of progression. CD68 is widely accepted as a pan-macrophage marker, CD86 is known as a specific marker for M1 macrophages, and CD163 is considered as a marker for M2 macrophages (26). These data indicate that M1 macrophages might play a role in BC rupture, whereas M2 macrophages increase at the late stage of the disease, which might contribute to fibrosis. In addition, we found that the RNA and protein expression levels of CD163 increased significantly when the BC ruptured, together with the increased expression of SPP1, which was reported to be significantly correlated with macrophage infiltration and M2 polarization (15). It was previously reported that both the high expression of SPP1 and that of its receptor CD44 correlated with an increased macrophagic infiltration (27). Together, our data suggest that early M1 macrophage infiltration may be involved in the rupture of BC and that SPP1-mediated M2 macrophage polarization may contribute to glomerulosclerosis and crescent fibrosis.
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
217,668 |
At the same time, the overestimated learning rate may result in significant fluctuations of the convergence (too wide update steps). Based on preliminary tests, for this study, the learning rate of 0.001 was chosen, which allowed avoiding fluctuations and having logical convergence. Similarly, the number of training epochs was chosen experimentally and set to be equal 50 for all three networks.
| 2 | 2other
| 0Study
|
196,363 |
There are a couple of strategies that can be implemented to image subcellular structures, currently hindered by the thickness of the PDMS layers. The first strategy is to decrease the thickness of the valve and flow layers to 1 and 3 mm, respectively, which then offers the possibility of using long-distance objectives (6–12 mm working distance)13. A second strategy is to disassemble the device, retrieve the tissue, and place it on a cover slip for downstream analysis using epifluorescence and confocal microscopes. Ultimately, the chosen strategy will depend on the type of assay implemented.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
65,329 |
Secondly, the study highlighted a mixed reaction to the incorporation of technology into the process. Although it may be met with resistance, investigation is needed to ascertain whether and how it can assist, and if not, what adjustments are needed to make it possible. Benefits of utilising current technology include a better process and outcome which consequently can enhance the psychological wellbeing of the patient, thus, improve their quality of life.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
|
13,886 |
In prostate cancer, HERV-E (and/or ERV3) env genes was expressed only in prostate tumor cells that suggested as targets for immunotherapy for the disease (Wang-Johanning et al., 2003). HERV-K was also identified to be involved to prostate cancer. It was found that forward and reverse transcripts of several HERV-K loci were detected in prostate cancer cell lines (Agoni et al., 2013) and overexpression of HERV-K (22q11.23) was associated with hypomethylation of the HERV-K locus in the disease (Goering et al., 2011). Interestingly, in a study of 14 patients with different grades of prostate cancer in paired samples (prostate tumor and normal tissue), 475 retrotransposon subfamilies were detected to be significantly differential expression in tumor tissue with FDR < 0.05. Among thoses elements, LTR was the most prevalent and most of them were endogenous retroviruses with ERV1 being the most represented (Ren et al., 2012; Criscione et al., 2014).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
107,024 |
To explore the model robustness, one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA) were performed. In the PSA, key model parameters were simultaneously and randomly sampled from the set parametric distributions to produce 1000 estimates of the cost and QALY in each strategy. Triangle distributions were chosen for cost parameters, and the beta distribution was utilized for the probability, proportion, and preference value parameters. A cost-effectiveness acceptability curve (CEAC) would be presented based on the PSA results. One-way sensitivity analyses were performed for all parameters at a priori defined ranges shown in Tables 1 and 2, which were mainly obtained from previous studies or assuming 25% or 50% of the base-case value.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
179,339 |
The cells were incubated with 33 × 10−3 m β‐galactosidase C12FDG substrate (5‐dodecanoylaminofluorescein di‐β‐d‐galactopyranoside) in 2 mL medium for 2 h and pretreated with 100 × 10−9 m bafilomycin A1 for 1 h at 37 °C. After incubation, the cells were washed with PBS and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 15 min at room temperature. Then, nuclei were costained using 0.1 g mL−1 DAPI (Beyotime, Nantong, China). The images were captured using a microscope (Olympus, BX53). The experiments were replicated three times.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
7,020 |
The widespread use of chest computerized tomography (CT) to investigate intrathoracic diseases commonly results in the incidental detection of pulmonary nodules. Gould and colleagues estimated that 1.5 million nodules 4–30 mm in diameter are detected annually in the US, and that 55% of all nodules are >8 mm . Because the probability of malignancy is directly proportional to nodule diameter, the prevalence of lung cancer is high among incidentally detected solid pulmonary nodules in this size range.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
214,679 |
In effect, bridging ties constitute a major source of informational and other social support benefits, especially during crises like the epidemic . Erickson claimed that people tended to “do much better” and acquire more health-related information and knowledge if they were connected to larger and more diverse social networks outside their close circles (p. 25). To explain, bridging social capital supports easier access to health-related knowledge from distant connections and/or from a much larger diversity of viewpoints . Moreover, people in extensive weak-tie networks often perceive less risk in disclosing useful information to one another, offer more objective feedback in communication, and require less role obligation to reciprocate information or assistance . For instance, the progress of science itself has come via the crossing of larger networks of dispersed groups and individuals sharing information and methods with one another . In addition, bridging social capital can bring social support for various purposes from the right contacts outside one’s close circle. Scholars have found that people with more bridging social capital usually have better chances of changing jobs or finding new positionss in a highly competitive marketplace . The knowledge and social support benefits of online bridging social capital become critical in a major public health crisis like COVID-19. Rains and Keating found that the health bloggers who received the least support from close friends and family members benefited the most from social supports from weak-tie stranger blog readers. Likewise, a study of tsunami-hit Indian communities proved that bridging social capital played a key role in reducing resource disparities between communities, and to enhance the sharing of key information/knowledge throughout the emergency .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
144,987 |
Drug metabolism via the cytochrome P450 (CYP) system, especially five major isoforms (CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP3A4) play a significant role in drug interactions that can result in toxicities, reduced pharmacological effect, and adverse drug reaction. We found that more than half of top virtual screening hits could potentially cause severe drug-drug interactions by inhibiting three to five isozymes. Meanwhile, a few ligands did not affect the CYP450 system (S2 Table).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
335,540 |
Finally, we turned our attention to structurally resolved TCRs that contained Vβ chains encoded by the genes TRBV5-6, TRBV13, TRBV14, and TRBV24-1 enriched in severe/hyperinflammatory COVID-19 patients. We tested whether these TCRs could bind the SAg-like region E661 to R685 of the SARS-CoV-2 S similarly to the TCR in Fig. 1. Our Protein Data Bank (PDB) search yielded αβTCR structures corresponding to TRBV5-6, TRBV14, and TRBV24-1, that is, TCRs whose Vβ chains were 95 to 100% identical to the protein product of these three genes. As shown in SI Appendix, Fig. S8, all three were verified to bind the SAg-like site with high affinity, and to make interfacial interactions closely resembling those illustrated in Fig. 1. Our models and simulations also indicated the possibility of energetically favorable ternary complex formation between these TCRs, MHCII, and spike. Overall, these simulations showed that these TCRs enriched in severe/inflammatory COVID-19 patients could bind the SARS-CoV-2 S at its SAg-like region and form ternary complexes with MHCII.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
209,041 |
Ovarian sections from the control (G I) group stained with Masson’s trichrome revealed normal collagen content and distribution at the ovarian surface (tunica albuginea) and in between and surrounding the growing follicles in the cortex and in the medulla (Figure 8A). The mean color area percentage of collagen was 29.49 ± 4.7.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
279,408 |
At the time of 60 min, cationic asphalt droplets with a positive charge in the three kinds of CEACB begin to orient themselves toward cement particles with a negative charge due to the effect of electrostatic adsorption, and even some asphalt droplets clustered together are adsorbed on the surface of cement particles, gathering into an irregular adsorption region as presented in Figure 4b. Meanwhile, it is observed that the A/C ratio could exert a significant influence on micro-morphological characteristics of CEACB at this time, which is mainly determined by the hydration of cement particles and the adsorption of cement particles to asphalt droplets. When A/C = 0.6, the irregular adsorption region of cement particles to asphalt droplets exhibits a trend of rapid expansion due to cement hydration compared with the fresh state of CEACB. Each cement particle would adsorb small quantities of asphalt droplets with small particle size due to the competitive adsorption effect between cement particles presenting a state of being locally covered by asphalt droplets. When A/C = 1.4, many asphalt droplets are absorbed on the surface of cement particles, exhibiting a state of complete coverage, which would induce cement particles to be difficult to contact with water and reduce the hydration degree of cement particles. The irregular adsorption region also becomes larger but is close to or less than that of the A/C ratio of 0.6. At the A/C ratio of 1.0, the adsorption effects of cement particles to asphalt droplets and the expansion degree of the irregular adsorption region fall between the above two A/C ratios. It is believed that this interaction behaviors of cement-emulsified asphalt would provide a favorable expectation for the continuous hydration of cement particles and the complete demulsification of asphalt droplets.
| 4 | 2other
| 0Study
|
371,470 |
There was significant discussion about the complexity of wanting to adopt some Western customs while preserving Nepalese traditions, particularly in relation to the dowry system, whereby wealth from a woman’s family is transferred to the husband’s family upon marriage. The amount of dowry was vividly discussed. If a small dowry were received, the husband might choose not to register the marriage, in which case the woman would not be able to obtain a citizenship card, which would be a violation of her rights. Women with small dowries are treated worse than those with wealthier dowries: Those without a dowry will be treated like slaves. (FGD 3, can read & write, 45 years)
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
276,693 |
Fluoroquinolones undergo renal and non-renal elimination pathways; approximately 15–50% are eliminated unchanged by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion, while a significant proportion is metabolized by both the liver and kidneys and eliminated in feces and urine as a few active metabolites. Approximately 10–40% of circulating enrofloxacin is metabolized to ciprofloxacin in most species, including dogs and cats . Due to the dual means of elimination, patients with severely impaired renal function may have slightly prolonged half-lives and higher serum levels, which may not require dosage adjustment . In CKD feline patients with moderate disease, an interval extension is recommended because of the high risk of retinopathy at standard therapeutic doses, especially with enrofloxacin ; alternatively, less retinotoxic fluoroquinolones, such as marbofloxacin, should be considered .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
28,172 |
The proposed algorithm consists of three parts: enhancement of the line structure in the images after pretreatment; segmentation of dendrites and extraction of their skeletons; and identification of the dendritic spines based on the dendritic skeletons. The workflow is shown in Fig. 8 and Algorithm 4. Fig. 8Workflow of detection of dendritic spines. (1) Normalized image of dendrite; (2) Region specified by red rectangle in (1); (3) Corresponding enhanced image; (4) Segmentation result; (5) Skeletons of dendrite; (6) Branch points on skeletons; (7) The finally detected result of dendritic spines; (8) Result of dendrite
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
195,480 |
Participants completed a standardized questionnaire (i.e., the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test) to estimate the amount of alcohol intake in grams per day (6). We considered ≥28 g/d to be a high level of alcohol consumption (7). Most DCL patients were men 19–77 years of age with a duration of disease ranging from 5–36 weeks at diagnosis of leishmaniasis. Each patient had 13–720 lesions on their trunk, limbs, scalp, face, eyelids, conjunctivae, lips, ears, palms, soles of the feet, or genitalia (Figure). Most (56.3%) patients had lesions in the nasal mucosa. Seventeen patients had ≥1 ulcerated lesion; in patient 5, all lesions were ulcerated (Table 1).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
350,321 |
We compared demographic characteristics (age, height, weight, experience and absence days) and PRIA-RS questionnaire scores between players who sustained a re-injury and those who did not sustain a re-injury. We used the Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K–S) test to assess the distribution of the data (normally or not normally distributed). We assessed between group differences using independent samples t-tests or Mann–Whitney U-tests, as appropriate. We used a chi-squared test to compare the number of re-injuries between offensive and defensive players, and between joint/ligament injuries and muscle/tendon injuries.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
192,030 |
Although the correlations of SPDL1 expression with survival prognosis, genetic alteration, genomic instability, DNA methylation, protein phosphorylation and immune infiltration were computationally explored and analyzed, some limitations should be acknowledged. Firstly, the experiment was only conducted in LUAD tissues, but not in other tumors. The second limitation is the lack of both the molecular and cellular mechanism of the SPDL1 expression. In the future, more experiments and large-scale clinical trials are needed to further validate these findings and to explore the follow-ups of functional mechanisms of SPDL1 in cancers.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
19,609 |
The serum CRP, serum albumin, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count and platelet count were all measured preoperatively. The value of serum CPR was determined by latex particle-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay and the value of serum albumin was mensurated using bromocresol green assay. The CAR was defined as dividing serum CRP value by serum albumin value . The GPS and the mGPS were both determined by the CRP and albumin levels. In the GPS, patients with elevated CRP ( > 10 mg/l) and hypoalbuminemia ( < 35 g/l) were allocated a score of 2; patients with one or neither of these abnormalities were allocated a score of 1 or 0 . As for mGPS, patients with both abnormalities of CRP and albumin levels were given a score of 2; patients with abnormality of CRP level only were given a score of 1; and patients with a normal CRP level were given a score of 0 .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
358,543 |
Stem cell-derived exosomes (SDEs) play a significant role in the progression of cancer through invasion and metastasis. SDEs can aid paracrine action via exchange of genetic components, thereby playing a significant role in tumor cell metastasis . CSCs-derived exosomes are characterized by the presence of immunogenic function due to Rab GTPases, several signal transduction components, and annexins, whereas the MSCs-derived exosomes are characterized by their non-immunogenic nature . However, both stem cell-derived exosomes could influence the induction of tumor pre-metastatic niche, tumor metastasis, and tumor growth. Several other scientific evidences also described the significance of MSCs in conferring stem cell signatures and EMT to augment the cancer cell survival . A scientific report by Wang M, Zhao C et al. (2014) elucidated the role of MSC-derived exosomes by demonstrating that they could deliver miR-221 to “metastatic lymph node of GC cell line” HGC-27 and confer an uncontrolled proliferation property followed by the metastasis in gastric cancers . In the case of MCF-7 breast cancer cells, the MSC-derived exosomes foster the modulation of Wnt-signaling to confer metastasis and continuous cancer cell division . miRNA-140 has a vital role in regulating tumor growth and metastasis . Downregulation of miRNA-140 levels confer a substantial rise in CSCs and metastasis of breast cancer cells via blockade of the tumor suppressive pathways . On the contrary, the exosomes released from ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) were composed of lower levels of miRNA-140 than the whole DCIS cell population, which consequently resulted in the tumor metastasis . Other DCIS exosomal-miRNAs, viz. miRNA-29a and miRNA-21, could mediate the metastasis of cancers .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
184,089 |
Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomic analysis allows relative quantitation, comparing the proteomic profiles of plasma from three groups. Considering the limitation of the maximal eight samples for one 8-plex analysis and the sample sizes of the designed comparison groups (CTRL: N = 50; NP: N = 4; P: N = 4), the strategy of groupwise pooling followed by technical duplicates was adopted (Figure 1b). An equal volume (300 μL) of each plasma sample within each group was pooled into one mixture and further divided into two duplicates, resulting in six plasma samples (CTRL_1, CTRL_2, NP_1, NP_2, P_1, and P_2). The duplicates in this study allowed for a decrease in the variance due to the technical error of the experimental technique.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
200,433 |
BCC type is the one with the least accumulated stresses. This may be due to the fact that it is geometrically simpler than the rest of the cell topologies and it only has one junction node. This would result in a greater deformation capacity, requiring a lower energy input for its compression, resulting in lower RF values. In the opposite part, FBCC presents a greater accumulation of stresses. This may be due to the fact that FBCC has the highest geometric complexity (Highest number of junction nodes and beams).
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
337,292 |
Our main interest was to investigate the effects of a virtual lesion over the anterior or posterior IFG on task-related activity during phonological and semantic processing. Indeed, the functional-anatomical double dissociation at the behavioral level was also underpinned by different cTBS effects at the neural level (see Table 3). Specifically, during phonological decisions, the comparison of cTBS over pIFG relative to sham cTBS showed a strong decrease of task-related activity in the targeted region (left pIFG: x, y, z = −54, 12, 17; T = 4.97; Figure 4A), as well as in the supplementary motor area (x, y, z = 1, 3, 54; T = 4.90) and in the right putamen (x, y, z = 18, 6,–7; T = 4.80).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
329,850 |
A total of 50 patients (29 women, mean age 61.3 ± 8.17 years) with AIG and 53 healthy subjects (31 women, 59.5 ± 6.18 years, P = 0.443) were included in the study. It was found that the native thiol (μmol/L), total thiol (μmol/L) and native thiol/total thiol ratio (%) of the patients with AIG decreased compared to the control group (177.7 ± 34.18 vs. 245.25 ± 33.83, P = 0.001, 227.25 ± 36.78 vs. 284.20 ± 27.19, P = 0.03, and 8.84 ± 1.1 vs. 7.74 ± 1.3%, P = 0.001, respectively, Figure 1). Disulfide, disulfide/native thiol, disulfide/total thiol ratios, and IMA of the patients with AIG were found to be higher when compared to the control group (Table 1). Of the 50 patients with AIG, 26 (52%) showed delayed GE and 24 showed normal GE (GET ½: 152.61 ± 26.8 vs, 90.5 ± 6.61 min, P < 0.001). The native thiol (μmol/L), total thiol (μmol/L), and native thiol/ total thiol ratio (%) were found to be lower in the AIG patients with delayed GE than in the patients with normal GE (P = 0.001) (Table 2). The disulfide level, the disulfide/ native thiol, disulfide/total thiol (P = 0.001) ratios, and IMA level were found to be higher in the AIG patients with delayed GE when compared to the patients with normal GE (P = 0.001). The correlation analysis between TDH tests and other parameters within the AIG patients are shown in detail in Tables 3 and 4. Positive correlations between disulfide, disulfide/native thiol, disulfide/total thiol, serum gastrin, and chromogranin A levels were found. However, correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between native thiol, total thiol, native thiol/total thiol, IMA, serum gastrin, and chromogranin A levels. While there was a positive correlation between GE and disulfide level, we found negative correlations between GE and native and total thiol levels (Figure 2).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
257,223 |
Some researchers have found that entrepreneurs carry some exceptional inborn elements, with those studies detecting a high level of heritability regarding entrepreneurial practices (Rauch and Frese, 2007; Nicolaou et al., 2008; Nicolaou and Shane, 2009; Duong et al., 2020; Elnadi and Gheith, 2021). Moreover, prior research suggests that business can be improved by analyzing the impact of personality characteristics in this regard.
| 2 | 2other
| 1Other
|
173,317 |
We repeated the open-ended question “Based on your experiences, how could the environment in [room type] be improved?” once for each type of room (waiting rooms, examination rooms, common rooms, and patient rooms). We asked the following two questions on communication to both nonautistic and autistic participants: “How would you like to be communicated with/treated in healthcare situations?”“How could communication in healthcare situations be improved?”
| 2 | 2other
| 0Study
|
320,588 |
Early detection of breast cancer is crucial in improving survival rates (Anderson et al., 2003; Sathwara et al., 2017). While in developed countries three-fourth of the breast cancer cases get diagnosed at stage I or II, the converse is seen in most of the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) (Ginsburg, 2013; Shulman et al., 2010; Rivera-Franco and Leon-Rodriguez, 2018). This disparity stems primarily from awareness deficit regarding the disease among women in LMICs besides other barriers such as stigma or fear towards cancers, discomfiture with screening procedures, gender bias and so on (Unger-Saldaña, 2014). This finding has been further reiterated through numerous studies conducted in India (Babu et al., 2013; Sathwara et al., 2017; Lakshmanan et al., 2017). In addition to the lack of an organised screening programme in the country, numerous socio-cultural barriers seem to play an important role in further dissuading women from getting timely screening or treatment (Singh et al., 2015; Yip, 2016).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 2Review
|
11,636 |
More than 70% of studies sampled individuals at a single time point. Sampling at two time points was seen in 21.2% of studies, 3 time points in 2.7% of studies, whereas 4 or more time points was described in only 5.5% of studies. Some studies did not have appropriate controls- patients with uncomplicated BL and LL. Although 93.2% of studies used BL/LL patients as controls, the remaining 6.8% of studies used other control groups such as healthy volunteers or leprosy contacts or tuberculoid leprosy patients or patients with Type 1 reaction. Often the controls were not matched for age, sex or treatment status. Controls should be matched for age and sex since these factors may influence T cell and neutrophil numbers and functions (214–216) as well as TNF-α and other cytokine levels (217).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
289,956 |
Chemokine (n = 41), cytokine (n = 45), chemokine receptors (n = 21), cytokine receptors (n = 37), and lipid mediator (n = 31) genes were targeted in the analysis (Supplementary Table 1). Beyond the specific Affymetrix probe annotation provided by the company, we annotated within the GeneChip® Rhesus Gene 1.0 ST Array additional probes for the host genes in this microarray. These included unannotated probes, whereby the nucleotide base sequence (https://www.affymetrix.com/analysis/index.affx#1_2) for each probe ID was subjected to a Blast (https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi) query that identified the M. mulatta gene ID with the greatest percent identified for the specific sequence. We selected the most targeted gene ID that always showed >90% identity for annotating the gene list for the analysis.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
66,536 |
Druse crystals (calcium oxalate) are commonly found in petiole, midrib, and leaf blade of all six morpho-types, which agrees with the previous investigations by Metcalfe and Chalk (1950), Sayeedud-Din (1953) and Tayade and Patil (2012a, c). The druse crystal has many functions in plants including calcium regulation, ion balance, tissue support, plant protection, detoxification and light assembly and reflection (Franceschi and Horner 1980; Nakata 2003). Recent research about druse crystals in a C4 plant, Amaranthus hybridus L., revealed that the plant used calcium oxalate crystals as a non-atmospheric carbon source in photosynthesis assimilation during the day, especially in drought condition (Tooulakou et al. 2016). In the daytime, druse crystals were degraded and provided subsidiary carbon used in photosynthesis under ambient conditions that caused stomatal closure (for preventing water loss). Moreover, these crystals were recovered during the night as a biochemical carbon reservoir.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
387,548 |
A 31-year-old woman, gravida 2 para 0, spontaneously conceived. Ultrasound examination at 12 weeks’ gestation confirmed monochorionic diamniotic triplets including two acardiac fetuses (Fetus 2 and Fetus 3) sharing a single amniotic sac and one normal fetus (“pump fetus” or Fetus 1) in another amniotic sac. The patient’s serology was negative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL), and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and she had no diabetes mellitus. The pregnant woman and her partner reported no history of medication, substance abuse, and family history of congenital anomalies. They were extensively counseled by the multidisciplinary team and the woman was followed up with serial fetal ultrasonography. Fetus 2 and Fetus 3 in one amniotic sac were malformed with dysplasia of the spine and lower limbs, and complete absence of the head, heart, and upper limbs.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 3Clinical case
|
396,701 |
Identifying sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological factors independently associated with painful CIPN revealed that only a longer time since diagnosis was related to a decreased risk of reporting painful CIPN (Table 3). Painful CIPN was reported by 13% (n = 29) of survivors diagnosed 4–6 years ago, 6% (n = 4) of those diagnosed 6–8 years ago, 4% (n = 3) of those diagnosed 8–10 years ago, and 2% (n = 1) of those diagnosed 10–12 years ago.Table 3Correlates of painful and non-painful chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) vs. no sensory CIPN in colorectal cancer survivorsPainful CIPNNon-painful CIPNOR (95% CI)P valueOR (95% CI)P valueYears since diagnosis0.78 (0.67–0.91)0.0010.67 (0.57–0.78)< 0.001Cancer stage (III and IV vs. I and II)1.78 (0.67–4.86)0.263.60 (1.25–10.34)0.02Tumor type (rectal)1.46 (0.45–4.71)0.531.58 (0.57–4.38)0.38Osteoarthritis (yes)1.16 (0.52–2.56)0.722.44 (1.29–4.63)0.006Radiotherapy (yes)0.54 (0.14–2.03)0.360.39 (0.12–1.28)0.12Anxiety1.06 (0.95–1.19)0.291.13 (1.02–1.26)0.04Depression1.05 (0.94–1.17)0.390.94 (0.84–1.05)0.25CIPN, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy; OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
87,864 |
Cross-sectional study design and data analysis were performed in a group of patients that received treatment in a private clinic, in 2014. Of 289 treated patients, 167 young adolescents (128 females - 41 males, mean age 15, 7 years) were eligible for inclusion criteria (age 9-18 years, brace wearing). Overtreatment was defined as the unnecessary use of brace according to SRS and SOSORT indications for brace treatment, and referred to individuals that should have never started wearing a brace or to those that brace weaning was very prolonged. Overtreatment was assessed by a Schroth certified Physiotherapist, by estimating Cobb angle, Risser sign, age of menarche in girls, and vertebral wedging in Scheuermann’s kyphosis, alongside with a subsequent analysis of risk prognostic factors (family history, angle trunk rotation, thoracic hypokyphosis, and curve type). The braces were prescribed by 34 medical doctors (MD) from different geographical areas of Greece.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
148,467 |
Another important aspect concerns the need to intensify continuing education for health professionals, especially in order to improve knowledge about the vaccination schedule of pregnant women and so that the possibility of pregnancy is always investigated before the administration of the vaccine. In addition, from the greater use of AEFI records, it is possible to broaden the understanding of pregnant women about the need for vaccination and about possible adverse events, as well as sensitize professionals to greater attention to the adequate and complete filling of the records and greater commitment to notify the adverse event in the IS-AEFI, contributing to patient safety.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
|
158,240 |
The transition from hospital to home is precarious for older people with dementia (PWD). They are 25% more likely than those without dementia to be readmitted to hospital within 30 days of discharge due to their compromised functional abilities and complex care requirements which, if ill-managed, may result in permanent disability [1, 2]. After hospital discharge, older PWD continue to be at high risk for functional decline, with up to 60% losing their independence in performing activities of daily living such as getting out of bed and dressing themselves [3–5]. Those who do not return to their pre-hospital, baseline level of functioning within 30 days of discharge are unlikely to ever do so . Lack of support during this period is associated with adverse events in this population, including functional decline and related complications (e.g., falls), resulting in high rates of costly rehospitalizations and emergency department visits [6, 7]. In our prior work, we found older people to be highly sedentary after hospital discharge, spending most of their time in bed . Others have found 77% of older people to be less physically active in the first week post-discharge than in hospital . Also, some family-caregivers (FCs) believe it is best for their older relatives to rest, and discourage activity and self-care for fear of exacerbating health problems, and may inadvertently reinforce their relatives’ dependency and deconditioning [10–12].
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
26,452 |
Importantly, the distinct cell populations defined by FSC/SSC (Fig 5A), differ in their fluorescence signals (Fig 5B). For example almost all phagocytic cells are stained with sWGA, but they clearly fall into two populations: sWGA+ and sWGAhi (Fig 5A and 5B–red). In contrast, the blue and yellow populations are largely sWGA+ and sWGA-, respectively. This data indicates that the binding of fluorescently-labeled lectins results in a wide range of intensities on different coelomocytes that can be readily distinguished by flow cytometry.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
307,711 |
CytoSorb (CytoSorbents Corporation, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA) is an extracorporeal adsorber and, in the last 10 years, has been described as an important tool for managing hypercytokinemia in intensive care with the objective of restoring immune homeostasis (7). Recently, papers have confirmed the efficacy and safety of this device in different life-threatening cytokine storm-related clinical conditions (8–10). We herein report, to the best of our knowledge, the first clinical case describing the successful approach of hemoperfusion with CytoSorb in a 14-year-old girl affected by MIS-C SARS-CoV-2, characterized by severe myocardial dysfunction, shock, and multi-organ failure.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 3Clinical case
|
268,120 |
On the other hand, a strong inverse correlation between the time duration and Ghanima score value was identified, which can be interpreted that severe, proximal occlusions are fast and easily to score. The radiologist just needs to scroll to the pulmonary trunk and the main pulmonary vessels to see a large embolism which results in a score of 4. This score can, therefore, be easily used in clinical routine.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
397,375 |
The male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats used in the experiment were 8 weeks old with a body weight of 220~350 g, and were purchased from Samtako Animal Co., Seoul, Korea. The animals were kept and given food and water freely in a sterile animal room with a light and dark cycle of 12:12 h. Animal experiments were conducted in accordance with the Code of Ethics and the Guidelines for the management of laboratory animals by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Kyung Hee University, which also approved the experimental protocol [KHUASP (SE)-15–115].
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
63,265 |
To address the relationship between the different predicted super-enhancer categories and disease risk, we considered previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) studies showing that disease-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are enriched at regulatory elements1145. We mapped catalogues of disease-associated SNPs reported from 1,470 GWAS against those predicted super-enhancers exhibiting recurrent somatic alterations (gained or lost) or unaltered predicted super-enhancers. Somatic predicted super-enhancers were enriched for disease-risk SNPs associated with various cancers (prostate, colorectal, breast; enrichment ratio=3.0–7.2; P<4.4 × 10−3, chi-square test) and gastrointestinal diseases such as ulcerative colitis (enrichment ratio=3.3; P=5.2 × 10−4, chi-square test) (Fig. 5c). In contrast, unaltered predicted super-enhancers did not exhibit similar enrichments. Unexpectedly, we also observed enrichment of multiple sclerosis SNPs in somatic altered predicted super-enhancers (enrichment ratio=4.3; P=1.8 × 10−7, chi-square test), suggestive of interconnections between cancer and autoimmune response46. To explore if predicted super-enhancer disease SNPs might be associated with local changes in chromatin modification, we then focused on SNPs associated with colorectal cancer reported in at least two studies and also exhibiting heterozygosity in at least 1/3 of the GC patients (see Discussion). Two SNPs fulfilled these criteria (rs10411210 and rs10505477). Samples with the rs10411210 SNP exhibited significantly higher H3K27ac signals in tumours versus matched normals (Fig. 5d; P=0.01, one-sided Welch's t-test), and a similar trend was also observed in samples with the rs10505477 SNP (P=0.07, one-sided Welch's t-test). Such associations suggest a relationship between disease-associated risk SNPs and cancer-associated histone modification.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
168,978 |
Notably, the patient with the LOF variant p.Y25X (c.75C > A) in GLE1 also carried another mutation p.E273X (c.817G > T) in OPTN. Maruyama et al. (2010) initially reported that the LOF mutation in OPTN was implicated in ALS patients through the haploinsufficiency mechanism. The p.E273X mutation generated a truncated protein. It failed to bind transcription factor IIIA-interacting protein, myosin VI, and huntingtin, thus interfering with the NF-kappaB neuroinflammatory signaling pathway, Golgi maintenance, and cell autophagy (Chalasani et al., 2009; Toth and Atkin, 2018). Therefore, the nonsense mutation p.E273X in OPTN, not ever reported in the population databases, generating a truncated protein, is also classified as pathogenic variants based on the ACMG guidelines (Richards et al., 2015). This indicates the oligogenic inheritance of ALS, defined as patients carrying more than one gene variant implicated in ALS, including reported pathogenic gene variants and rare functionally predicted deleterious variants (van Blitterswijk et al., 2012; Cady et al., 2015; Morgan et al., 2017). The patient with p.Y25X (c.75C > A) in GLE1 and the patient carrying p.S70X (c.209C > A) reported by Kaneb et al. (2015) were apparent sALS patients without a family history, suggesting the reduced penetrance of GLE1 LOF mutations. It is a pity that the patient’s parents had passed away. We failed to obtain the genomic DNA of the family members to ascertain whether the two mutations mentioned above were de novo mutations or not. The two Caucasian ALS patients included a sALS patient carrying the mutation p.S70X (c.209C > A) developed limbs weakness at the age of 61 years and died 2 years later after symptom onset and a fALS proband with the splice site mutation hGle1-IVS14-2A > C (c.1965-2A > C) diagnosed as bulbar onset ALS at the age of 64.5 years and passed away with a disease duration of 1.5 years (Kaneb et al., 2015). The patient carrying p.Y25X (c.75C > A) in the current study exhibits early disease onset but more prolonged survival than the two Caucasian patients described by Kaneb et al. (2015), which is consistent with the epidemiological characteristics of the Chinese ALS and Western population, respectively (Chen et al., 2015; Calvo et al., 2017; Liu et al., 2019).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
346,313 |
After obtaining the 32 genes from DGE, we aimed to construct a stromal activation estimation model with these gene signatures. Stromal scores were calculated using the Cox ridge regression algorithm based on hub genes expression, by which the stromal activation of each ESCA patient was accurately reflected. Patients with higher stromal scores than the first quartile were defined as the S2 group with higher stromal activation, others as the S1 group with lower stromal activation.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
252,429 |
With ci-chimps, the implementation of CHIMPS is being supported for the first time. In previous studies of CHIMPS, there were no specific implementation interventions. Therefore, it should be considered that we can only measure an overall intervention effect. It is not possible to compare the three implementation interventions amongst each other. However, we are sure that with ci-chimps we will be able to identify training needs in clinics in order to improve the implementation of family-oriented interventions like CHIMPS-NET in the future.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
253,514 |
The advancement of antimicrobial nanofibre dressings that provide protection to the injured tissues from commensal pathogens while promoting tissue regeneration at the same time would be significant in plastic and reconstructive surgery practices. Recently, Mayandi et al. studied the effect of chondroitin sulphate on the physicochemical properties of polydopamine crosslinked electrospun gelatin nanofibres containing mineralized magnesium . Composite dressings comprising polycaprolactone (PCL) and gelatin were also prepared to lengthen the durability of the dressings. These dressings showed enhanced mechanical properties and flexibility, while core–shell nanofibres exhibited superior photoluminescent properties. Most importantly, these dressings displayed enhanced re-epithelialization, wound closure, and clinical outcome in a porcine model of cutaneous burn injury compared to untreated burns. Histology of the biopsied tissues revealed a smooth regeneration and organization of collagen on the burns treated with core–shell nanostructures. This study has shown that mineralized composite nanofibres are capable of accelerating burn wound healing and exhibit antimicrobial action, underlining their potentials as wound dressings and skin substitutes.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
84,973 |
Although the serrated flow dynamics in the BMGs is also influenced by the strain rate6, note that the strain rate ranges in a narrow zone from ~10−4 s−1 to ~10−2 s−1, there is no sufficient data to show the transition of the scaling behavior at an intermediate strain rate. Figure 4 shows that the turning temperature cannot be significantly influenced by the strain rate. It also will remain further discussing about the transition of the scaling behavior at the intermediate temperature. Considering the fractal structure of the shear branching is percolation assisted, as such, the percolation theory is used to further explore the scaling transition at the turning temperature.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
227,180 |
IHC images for PD-L1 (Fig 2C) showed strong immunoreactivity at the cell membrane and minimal to no cytoplasmic staining, which was consistent with prior reports [25, 26]. Spearman’s correlation analysis of the membrane H-scores of the 24 cases immunolabeled for PD-L1, as assessed by a board-certified pathologist (see S1 Table), and NanoString nCounter values for PD-L1 mRNA transcript from serial sections of the same cases had a correlation coefficient of 0.91, p<0.0001 (Fig 2D).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
46,249 |
As shown in Figure 2, the sensor is pasted on the surface of the measuring object. The pasted sensor will affect the measuring object’s surface stress distribution. To reduce the impact, only area 1 of the bottom of the plate is pasted on the surface of the measuring object, as shown in Figure 5. There’s no constraint between area 2 and the surface of the measuring object.
| 2 | 2other
| 1Other
|
103,065 |
For the anti-inflammatory assay using BCP crystals and protein mineral complexes (PMCs), BCP crystals were produced as previously described [16, 33] and sterilized overnight at 180°C to minimize endotoxins contamination. PMCs were prepared by incubating BCP crystals, resuspended in RPMI media at 100 μg/ml, with approximately 750 ng/ml of cGRP/ucGRP for 30 min at 37°C . 100 μg/ml of BCP crystals and PMCs (PMC-cGRP and PMC-ucGRP), as well as 1.5 μg/ml of cGRP/ucGRP proteins alone, were added to differentiated THP-1 as described above, for a period of 24 h (controls consist of non-treated THP-1 MoM culture media). Conditioned media were collected and TNFα levels were measured using a commercially available ELISA (Thermo Scientific) according to the manufacturer’s protocol.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
207,161 |
In the Ntn1 mutant, a small number of axons are directed in bizarre directions, even parallel to the pretectal roof plate (as observed by Belle et al., 2014). The main tract is able to move ventrally, but it turns caudally as soon as the axons enter in the diencephalic basal plate far away from the floor plate. In the DCC mutant, the phenotype is even stronger; the vast majority of fr axons remain stalled as soon as they enter the thalamic basal plate. Only a few axons are able to turn caudally in an ectopic position (Belle et al., 2014).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
266,478 |
Previous studies have shown that CD5 expression on murine T cells is regulated by the strength of TCR signaling, as is illustrated by a dose‐dependent increase in CD5 surface levels when immature thymic T cells are stimulated with increasing concentrations of anti‐CD3 . Therefore, we asked if CD5 expression on human CD4+ SP thymocytes also correlates with the strength of TCR stimulation. We cultured murine and human thymocytes with varying amounts of anti‐CD3 and evaluated CD5 induction on activated CD69+CD4+ SP cells. An anti‐CD3 dose–dependent upregulation of CD69 expression was evident upon T‐cell stimulation (Fig. 2A). Moreover, we observed an upregulation of CD5 for both mouse and human CD69+CD4+ SP thymocytes postactivation with increasing anti‐CD3 concentrations (Fig. 2A and B and Supporting Information Fig. S3). Notably, within the heterogeneous thymocyte population, multiple developmental intermediates might respond to anti‐CD3 to influence CD5 levels on CD4+ SP thymocytes. Therefore, we evaluated whether CD5 expression on mature naïve human CD4+ T cells also correlated with the extent of TCR stimulation. Naïve human CD4+ T cells were enriched from PBMCs, cultured with varying amounts of anti‐CD3, and CD5 levels on CD69+CD4+ T cells assessed after activation. Similar to their immature CD4+ SP thymocyte counterparts, we observed an anti‐CD3 dose‐dependent upregulation of the proportion of CD69+ cells (Fig. 2C and Supporting Information Fig. S4A) as well as a correlation between TCR signal strength and CD5 expression on mature, naïve CD4+ T cells from peripheral blood (Fig. 2C and D).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
339,572 |
Raman spectroscopy is a powerful characterization technique, particularly useful for further analysis of the structural properties of ZnO and related composites. The GO spectrum (Figure 7a), exhibits two sharp peaks at 1344 cm−1 and 1599 cm−1, labeled as D and G bands, respectively . The D band is related to a structural disorder of graphene, whereas the G band is assigned to the sp2 hybridized carbon atoms (C=C stretching), hence confirming the presence of carbon in nanocomposites .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
114,004 |
Total protein concentration in the BALF was examined by a standard BCA kit (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA). Inflammatory markers IL-12p70, IL-10, IL-6, TNF, MCP-1, and IFN-γ in the BALF were examined by BD Cytometric Bead Array (CBA) mouse inflammation kit (BD Biosciences) per the manufacturer's instructions.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
5,865 |
The fly genome contains one conserved Tet gene. Previously, we have shown that the 5hmrC modification is found in Drosophila polyA+ RNA and that upon Tet knock down (KD) in S2 Schneider cells, the level of 5hmrC is reduced by 50%. Tet is essential, as null mutants are lethal at the late pupal stage. 5hmrC is enriched in neuronal tissues and is highest in RNA isolated from 3rd instar larval brains. 5hmrC was also reduced significantly in Tetnull brains. Further, we mapped the transcriptome-wide distribution of RNA 5hmC in Drosophila S2 cells and found that the modification targets specific transcripts. 5hmrC modified mRNA is found in association with polysomes, suggesting that this modification facilitates mRNA translation . The almost complete absence of 5mC and 5hmC on DNA makes Drosophila an excellence platform to investigate the importance of RNA 5hmC (4).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
55,900 |
Many mitochondrial functions depend on the maintenance of membrane potential, including protein import, ATP generation, and lipid biogenesis (Bauer, 2014). In the normal quiescent condition, Na+ /K+ and Na+ /Ca2+ proton pumps create and stabilize membrane potentials. The proton pumps embedded in the mitochondrial inner membrane create a gradient by pumping protons from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space. The gradient is maintained by the relatively impermeable inner membrane. Generation of ATP depends on membrane potential stability, and ATP/ K+ channels in the mitochondrial membrane are implicated this stability. Pathological stimulation of cells may induce voltage-gated K+ channels opening, which leads to a change in mitochondrial membrane potential and an increase in mitochondrial Ca2+. Elevated Ca2+ can induce increased ROS and nitric oxide (NO) production, and also induces calciumdependent gene expression and the calciumdependent protein kinase activation that results in tumour cell proliferation (Repke, 1988).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
372,122 |
People tended to ask directly for informational advice on the groups, perhaps enabled and encouraged by the online platform due to accessibility and anonymity. Although groups are not officially moderated, there is evidence that administrators attempt to do so. I'm glad to see that no one responded to your request to message you. I have repeatedly said not to message with people until you have got to know them on the group. I hope you know what to do if someone shares very sensitive and personal information with you that could cause them to self-harm. I'm trying to keep you and the other people in my group safe. (01UK) The practical advice took the form of signposting to services, sharing web links, group information, and mental health related articles in the press, as shown in the following quote from the US data. If you feel like you’re experiencing something more pervasive than general sadness, make sure to see a physician before letting it get any worse… If you are depressed and want to seek treatment, there are plenty of websites, hotlines and other forms of professional help you can go to. Please do not wait to get the help you need! (04US) I too am an ex submariner and have received invaluable help from (Facebook group). Just get in touch with the head office, they will do all they can to help. Take care mate. (09UK) If you haven't already, check (Facebook group) on FB. Really great page. Super good video posted today by a young lady sharing her experience with bipolar. (04US) Sharing practical advice and possible helpful solutions that had worked for the individual commenting was also popular throughout the groups, such as the discussion to help reduce social anxiety.
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
354,571 |
In a retrospective observational study, all CRS patients admitted to the University Hospital Halle (Department of Internal Medicine II) over a 4-year period were included according to in- and exclusion criteria. The institutional review board of the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg approved this study (file number 2013–92).
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
359,813 |
Estimating cognitive load in many operational environments is challenging due to factors such as movement artifacts and ambient conditions (e.g., noise). Moreover, cognitive load measurement often relies on subjective reports since task difficulty in realistic conditions is often unknown. Virtual environments can be used as a bridge between laboratory studies of working memory toward the development of field-ready systems (Kizony et al., 2010). Several studies have analyzed cognitive factors of marksmanship and how training and performance of the human might be enhanced (Zielinski et al., 2016; Head et al., 2017; Clements et al., 2018; Rao et al., 2018; Smith et al., 2019). Chung et al. (2005) argued that marksmanship is a complex task that is sensitive to “perceptual-motor, cognitive, affective, equipment, and environmental variables” and should be studied in a way that allows for separation of these components. Other factors involved in accuracy include anxiety and prior mental fatigue level (Head et al., 2017). With regard to physiological measurements, Hatfield et al. (1987) epoched electrocardiography and electroencephalography data, finding increased heart rate and occipital energy related to increased arousal.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
392,574 |
Volcanic map of all identified proteins: (A) volcanic map of all identified proteins in A vs. AP; (B) volcanic map of all identified proteins in P vs. AP. Red points: up-regulated proteins (fold change > 1.2, p < 0.05); green points: down-regulated proteins (fold change > 0.83, p < 0.05); black points: unchanged proteins.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
220,007 |
Polysulfone membranes, modified with a zwitterionic copolymer obtained after a reaction of iodopropionic acid with poly(styrene-co-4-vinylpyrridine), were prepared by a dual-bath procedure. The goal was to evaluate the effect of the copolymer on membrane structure, arising properties, and its ability to mitigate fouling. After incubating the membranes with E. coli, biofouling was reduced by about 87%, compared to the virgin membrane. Similarly, biofouling by whole blood was dramatically mitigated (90% reduction) as the adsorption level of blood cells on the P20-Z4 membrane (containing 4 wt% additive) was almost comparable to that measured using a control zwitterionic poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) hydrogel. Biofouling tests involving BSA protein also demonstrated the ability of the membranes to mitigate biofouling at the nano scale over large surfaces (as seen from a mapping FT-IR analysis). A flux recovery ratio of 63% was obtained after cyclic BSA/water filtration tests with the modified membranes, while it was measured at 40% with the virgin membrane.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
393,590 |
Under control condition, statistically similar proline level was detected in all wheat varieties (Figure 4A). However, heat stress leads to a significant increase in proline accumulation in wheat seedlings of all four varieties. Upon exposure to heat stress, proline content increased by 17, 25, 39 and 12% in “BG23”, “BG25”, “BG26” and “Pavon”, respectively compared to control.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
204,037 |
Recently, machine learning (ML) has attracted widespread interest as a means to predict materials properties without performing expensive quantum mechanical calculations10–15. In the context of bandgap predictions, Zhou et al. trained a support vector machine on 3896 experimental bandgaps using a representation based only on elemental properties of the constituent atoms16. Rajan et al. used different regressions methods to predict bandgaps of MXene crystals using a training set of 76 G0W0 bandgaps and a representation encoding atomic and structural properties17. Liang et al. used a representation based on atomic ionicity descriptors to predict GW bandgaps of a set of 2D semiconductors18. In all these previous studies, the ML model was trained to predict the size of the bandgap rather than the full k-resolved band structure. Thereby, important information is missed including the type of the bandgap (direct or indirect), the curvature of the valence and conduction bands at the extrema points (effective masses), and the position and dispersion of other bands away from the bandgap. Predicting the full band structure directly from the atomic structure of the material is a daunting challenge that, although possible in principle, would require highly sophisticated ML models and immense amounts of training data.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
160,900 |
To close this gap, we investigated GMV and WMV changes observed in cross-sectional studies of PT subjects over the first half of lifespan from infancy to early adulthood and contrasted it against brain growth trajectories of a large normative cohort of FT individuals.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
348,393 |
Even in these difficult times, urothelial bladder cancer is an aggressive disease with poor prognosis when it progresses to metastatic disease. Therefore, we have been vigilant in continuing to deliver curative intent treatments when patients have localized urothelial carcinoma, if possible in a timely manner. A meta-analysis of 13 studies suggested that a delay of more than 12 weeks from time of diagnosis to execution of radical cystectomy, only in muscle invasive urothelial cancer, was associated with worse outcomes . Another study showed that initiating neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with a delay of more than 8 weeks from time of diagnosis led to worse outcomes . Therefore, we have continued to offer cisplatin-eligible patients NAC within 8 weeks and cisplatin-ineligible patients radical cystectomy within 12 weeks from time of diagnosis, while the infusion center and operating room resources are available for those patients with localized disease since there is a limited window of curative treatment opportunity.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
220,576 |
The human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines KYSE‐150 and EC9706 were purchased from the Cell Bank of the Typical Culture Preservation Committee of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The two cell lines were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium (Corning) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco).
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
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