id
int32 0
398k
| text
stringlengths 204
42k
| educational_score
float32 1
5
| domain
class label 3
classes | document_type
class label 4
classes |
---|---|---|---|---|
323,679 |
The change in CO with net “isonatremic volume equivalent” change (abbreviated as “net volume” change) may depend on initial relative intravascular volume. The relationship of change in CO to “net volume” change between cardiac measurements and to IVC CI was plotted using a 3-D scattergram with smoothing (Figure 1(a)). CO change >10% was considered significant .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
300,322 |
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful, label-free molecular imaging technology that enables mapping the spatial distribution of thousands of biomolecules in a tissue section, based on a single experiment . Due to its ability to combine rich biochemical characterization with spatial information, MSI technology is rapidly being adopted for a panoply of applications, including biomarker discovery, clinical diagnostics and drug delivery studies [17, 37, 38]. While a number of different MSI variants exist , in general MSI operates by first overlaying the tissue with a virtual rectangular grid, and then collecting a mass spectrum at each grid location. Each of these collected mass spectra is a histogram of biomolecular ions counts, partitioned by their mass-to-charge values (m/z), within a target mass-to-charge range. MSI experiments result in a three-dimensional data cube, with spatial coordinates (x and y) and a m/z axis containing the spectral information. Ion images are constructed by plotting the intensities for a single mass bin (m/z value) for each acquired pixel, i.e., (x,y) grid location in the tissue.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
338,829 |
We examined the list of unallocated LACs, which was now very short, and six further LACs associated with a large number of CCRs caught our attention as deserving investigation (highlighted in yellow in Supplementary Doc. 3B). In five of them, these new transcripts appeared to be non-coding and mono-exonic. Closer examination of their sequences showed that two could have derived from ribosomal RNA genes. In three, we observed the production of sub-exonic circRNAs and in the last two, we suspected the production of exonic circRNAs. The sixth appeared to be located inside an intron of a gene (PKN3) that may consequently be incorrectly annotated, and Split Reads (SR) reported by STAR in this region support this hypothesis. This LAC appears to be associated with a lariat-derived intronic circRNA.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
35,103 |
HAdVs are resistant to enviromental influences and can remain infectious on surfaces for up to 4–5 weeks . HAdVs can be easily transmitted through fomites contaminated with infectious body fluids. In this study, patients who had contact history with a conjunctivitis case were 2.38 times of being infected with HAdV than acute conjunctivitis patients without contact history. These results suggest that exposure to infected person can greatly increase the risk of infection. Thus, it is imperative to recommend good hand washing, avoiding sharing personal items and advocating isolation of the infected patients to prevent the spread of this disease .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
395,484 |
Here −Δ is the distributional realisation of the Laplace operator and Vω is the multiplication operator with the real function Vω. The parameter ω describes a random perturbation of a given potential. The associated spectral problem is to find an eigenvalue ε and an eigenmode u≠0 such that u verifies:(1)Hωu=εu and a set of boundary conditions. We will consider boundary conditions that lead to the realization of the expression H as a self-adjoint operator in a Hilbert space. In particular, we will consider functions u∈H01(Ω) with Dirichlet boundary conditions and u∈Hπ1(Ω), where Hπ1(Ω) is the first-order Sobolev space of functions (square integrable functions whose gradient is also square integrable) that satisfy the periodic boundary conditions . In what follows we will use ∥·∥ to denote the L2(Ω) norm of a square integrable function.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
178,784 |
Recently, Caibin Xu et al. have proposed a focusing classical multiple-signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm based on the virtual time reversal technique, which can localize multi-defects without baseline subtraction. The proposed method is valuable for the practical use of Lamb wave-based structural health monitoring . The matching pursuit (MP) algorithm, proposed by Mallat and Zhang, can decompose the signal into a combination of waveforms selected from the dictionary . However, the vertical projection of the signal onto selected atoms is non-orthogonal, which makes the result of each iteration not optimal but suboptimal, requiring more iterations to achieve convergence. In this paper, we propose a guided-wave imaging method based on sparse reconstruction, which uses an analytical guided-wave propagation model to generate scattered signals for different propagation distances and modes, known as atoms of the dictionary. We constructed a dictionary containing wave signals of different travel distances by equations, and built a nondispersive dictionary by equations. In addition, then, the overcomplete dictionary is used to match the collected Lamb wave signals under the assumption of signal sparsity, which means there are only a few damage-related signals in the collected signal. Indeed, the damage occurs at only a few discrete locations in the structure. The orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm is used to separate each wave component. The propagation distance is related to the labels of the selected atoms. The OMP algorithm orthogonalizes all the atoms needed at each step of the decomposition, and converges faster .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
271,522 |
Two rats were anesthetized and their abdominal skin hair was removed. The abdominal skin was separated and held in normal saline for 12 h and was then applied to the dialysis tube. Astragalus RFF ointment was applied on the surface of the dialysis tube and the lower surface was exposed to deionized water hermetically sealed and soaked in a tube containing 35 ml of deionized water (Figure 1). Continuous shaking was applied with heater stirrer and a magnet in inner part, and the temperature was set to 32°C ± 0.5°C at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 times. After starting the procedure, 5 ml sample was given from the solution and 5 ml of deionized water was placed in the dialysis tube to keep the sink situation. The sample evaluated with spectrophotometer at 415 nm based on quercetin has the maximum wavelength .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
93,559 |
The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was selected to assess the methodological quality of the prospective or retrospective cohort studies . Three major components of each study were examined: patient selection; the comparability of the intervention and the observation groups; and outcome assessment (Supplementary Table 2, Supplementary Table 3). Controversial items were discussed with the primary investigator (Tao G) before final consensus was reached.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
103,341 |
Similarity in the presence and abundance of the Methylococcaceae detected in peat, forest soil, and Sphagnum moss as a two-dimensional plot of nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS; Stress = 0.07667, R2 = 0.97896). OTUs on the NMDS plot that are closer to one another are more similar in their occurrence. The OTUs from the Methylococcaceae occurring in peat only, Sphagnum moss only and mainly in peat and Sphagnum moss only, with the exception of OTU 21511 (in parenthesis), which also occurred in forest soil, in addition to peat, and Sphagnum moss, appear to be more similar to one another.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
131,540 |
Macaques are not a perfect analogue to people, but the approach by Johnson et al. bypasses limitations of human studies, which may be limited in time and hampered by participants’ poor recollection of what they had for lunch. Overall, this work bolsters the hypothesis that alterations in monocyte activity explain how the Western diet is associated with inflammation. In turn, these results shed new light on conditions such as cardiovascular disease and cancer, which are also associated with inflammation and cause an immense proportion of modern deaths (Furman et al., 2019).
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 2Review
|
54,354 |
(A) The level of p-ERK 1/2 in SGC 7901 and AGS after treatment with TMG (10 μmol/L) at different times (0 h, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 9 h or 12 h). (B) Immunohistochemical staining for p-ERK 1/2 and O-GlcNAc in GC tissue from the same patients. (C) Pearson correlation analysis of p-ERK 1/2 and O-GlcNAcylation in GC tissues.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
129,762 |
In this work, we found that during Pi starvation, AtATL78/PRU2 degraded the protein RPL10 (Figure 6E). RPL10 was associated with transcription factors’ functions . In addition, Arabidopsis NIK1, a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase, was a virulence target of the begomovirus nuclear shuttle protein (NSP) and led to the global translation suppression and translocation of the downstream component RPL10 to the nucleus . Then, PRU2 may co-regulate Arabidopsis antiviral immunity and adaption to Pi deficiency.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
221,933 |
The increased rib meristem activity in ath1-3 was reminiscent of the activation of stem development by treatment of rosette plants with GA (39). Moreover, the SAR induces petiole elongation partly through GA biosynthesis and the consequent degradation of DELLA proteins (40). To check whether ATH1 and DELLA proteins control similar processes to repress internode elongation, we overlapped the ATH1 candidate targets with target genes of the DELLA protein REPRESSOR of ga1-3 (RGA), identified in a comparable ChIP-seq analysis (41). The overlap of ChIP-seq targets for ATH1 and RGA was considerably higher than expected by chance (Fig. 2E), supporting the idea that these proteins control similar downstream processes. The overlapping set of targets also indicated reciprocal interactions, with ATH1 binding to RGA and, conversely, RGA binding to genes that are closely associated with ATH1 function, such as BOP1, BOP2, and KNAT6 (32, 33).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
72,176 |
Comparison of blood pressure between conditions. Values are presented as the mean and standard deviation (SD). CC the control condition, EC the positive emotion inducement condition, B the baseline, P the pleasant pictures or a gray screen presentation, T the color word task, R1 the first 10-min relaxation period, R2 the second 10-min relaxation period, R3 the third 10-min relaxation period, SBP change rate of systolic blood pressure from baseline, DBP change rate of diastolic blood pressure from baseline, MAP change rate of mean arterial pressure from baseline; * p < 0.05; + p < 0.10
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
29,474 |
\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$S[k-1]=S'[k-1]=0$$\end{document}S[k-1]=S′[k-1]=0 is the last zero entry in S (and therefore \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$S'$$\end{document}S′), and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$a_\alpha $$\end{document}aα is the second last entry in \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$S'$$\end{document}S′. That is, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$S'[\ell +i-2]=S[k]$$\end{document}S′[ℓ+i-2]=S[k].
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
16,242 |
Finally, we have investigated the temperature dependence of the phonon lifetime, by repeating the neutron TAS and NRSE measurements at 10 K at the same conditions during the same experiments. Figure 6 compares the neutron TAS intensity profiles measured at 300 K and 10 K for those phonons for which an intrinsic linewidth was found. With the TAS, the sensitivity being limited at 50 μeV (Supplementary Note 4 and Supplementary Fig. 5), we cannot resolve any temperature dependence of the phonon linewidth, but we demonstrate the absence of a strong shift of the phonon energies, confirming previous results at 300 K in clathrates27, 29, which show that the guest phonon modes are coherently coupled with the host lattice without anharmonicity. NRSE reveals a temperature effect of the phonon lifetime at E = 3.8 meV, which decreases from 33(10) ps at 10 K to 15(1) ps at 300 K (Fig. 5 and Table 1), while no temperature effect is observed at 2 meV, whose value at 300 K is already at the limit of detection.Fig. 6Transverse acoustic (TA) phonons profiles measured at 10 and 300 K in Ba7.81Ge40.67Au5.33. a–c Comparison between constant q-scans of the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\rm{TA}}_{011}^{100}$$\end{document}TA011100 branch measured at 10 K (full blue circles) and 300 K (red squares) on the triple axis spectrometer (called 2T@LLB) with an effective resolution of 200 μeV. d Similar comparison between scans with a larger resolution of 1.2 meV measured at the wave vector (6, 1.06, 1.06) close to the centre of the BZ where the four optic phonon modes, labeled E 1,2,3,4 in the text, are clearly visible (a, b). In a–d, the intensities are corrected for the Bose population factor. Vertical error bars are s.d. from counting statistics
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
169,101 |
In our retrospective study, confocal AOSLO images revealed patches of suspected dysflective cones in distinct areas in the foveal region in many of our subjects, none of whom had any known ocular pathology. We found that 19 out of the 47 individuals had one or more hyporeflective patches in one or both eyes. Example images of these hyporeflective patches are provided in Figure 1, shown in linear scale. A logarithmic scaling of the images revealed that some reflectivity is often present within these patches, but a clear and contiguous mosaic consistent with cones was never visible.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
316,330 |
This is the first longitudinal cohort study in England to assess one-year mortality in the over 70s population following emergency hospitalisation, irrespective of diagnosis, across both medicine and surgery. The data indicate that the one-year mortality for emergency admissions for patients aged 70+ is approximately 20%, with most deaths occurring within 3 months of admission. As such, our study shows that a large number of older patients admitted as an emergency are in the last year of life. The qualitative data demonstrate older patients’ potential openness to discuss a range of possibilities for the future, including reflecting on their mortality and potential vulnerability, as well as ACP playing a role in enhancing their physical and psycho-social health. The patients highlighted that expertise and leadership from professionals has a role in supporting ACP in this context. This analysis suggests that healthcare professionals should consider discussing ACP with older adults who are hospitalised after an emergency, noting the potential role in both supporting patients’ mental and physical well-being, and where appropriate, preparedness for deterioration and death, particularly for those with limited prognoses.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
323,082 |
Previous studies have found that antisocial behavior is related to sleep problems , suicidal behavior , or depression symptoms . The current research adds evidence to these findings by relating antisocial behavior with these domains and a wide variety of health outcomes in four different countries.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
85,711 |
Three trials reported a loss to follow up of less than 20% and two reported a loss to follow up of less than 30% [23, 26, 28]. Miles had a high loss to follow up of 51% in the intervention group and 58% in the control group . One study did not report loss to follow up .
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
66,603 |
Experimental outline and phosphoprotome dataset overview. (A) Dose response curve of A204 parental and PazR cells to pazopanib and A204 parental and DasR cells to dasatinib respectively. (B) Schematic of sample preparation workflow. Pazopanib and dasatinib resistant A204 cell lines (PazR & DasR respectively) were generated and heavy SILAC labelled as previously described . A204 parental cells were light SILAC labelled. After cell lysis, either heavy PazR or DasR were mixed 1:1 with light A204 parental lysate then reduced, alkylated and trypsin digested. The resulting peptides underwent phospho-tyrosine (pTyr) peptide immunoprecipitation, data previously published . The supernatant from the immunoprecipitation was further enriched with immobilised metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) or titanium dioxide (TiO2) prior to liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis (LC MS/MS). (C) Venn diagrams show distribution of phosphorylation sites across three biological replicates (R1, R2 and R3) in PazR/A204 and DasR/A204 experiments.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
324,919 |
As examples, the use of nisin (Figure 2), which is a polycyclic peptide produced by Lactococcus lactis bacterium, is restricted to food industry as antimicrobial preservative, while the use of colistin, after an extensive clinical application for counteracting severe infections from Gram-negative bacteria, starting from 1970s, was delimited to ophthalmic and topical uses, because of its nephrotoxicity . Systemic or nebulized colistin was continued only for cystic fibrosis patients and its parenteral administration was adopted as last-resort for alarming infections by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative, such as pneumonia .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
392,640 |
A dataset was gathered by Hajdin et al. (43) to validate the predictive capacities of probing data-driven predictions. It consists of 24 RNA sequences with known secondary structures for which a single chemical probing reactivity profile (1M7-SHAPE) was made available. This dataset includes sequences originating from a variety of organisms, and spans lengths ranging from 34 nts to 530 nts, with a focus on riboswitches and complex RNA architectures (full list in Supplementary Table S3).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
276,812 |
COVID-related stressors may predict a decrease in relational satisfaction and an increase in maladaptive relationship behaviors, such as conflict (Balzarini et al., 2020; Luetke et al., 2020). Balzarini et al. (2020) found that participants who reported COVID-related stressors (i.e., greater loneliness, financial hardship, and stress) were more likely to find a decrease in satisfaction regarding their relationship and increased conflict, although perceiving their partner as highly responsive mitigated this association.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
297,470 |
As COVID-19 patients were discharged, public health officials learned that the pandemic would have downstream effects on post–acute-care facilities. These case-patients often require further supportive care after hospitalization; however, they might still be infectious and pose a risk to other long-term care facility residents and staff (10). One week after we shared model outputs with state decision-makers, the state opened a dedicated long-term care facility to accommodate COVID-19 patients. To help calibrate the appropriate capacity of the center and anticipate the need for expansion, we collaborated with a team of hospitalists (general internists who care for hospitalized patients) to extend the process with a module aimed at projecting post–acute-care flows. This module explicitly models the discharge of case-patients directly to home, to home healthcare, to skilled nursing facilities, or to hospice (Figure 4, panel B), and was first included in reports on May 18, 2020 (M. Maloney et al., unpub. data, https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.12.20129551).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
320,399 |
Therapies targeting Aβ production, clearance, or toxicity have yet to show appreciable clinical benefit, though recent clinical data from aggregate selective antibodies (aducanumab, BAN2401) shows hints of limited efficacy in symptomatic AD. As discussed in multiple reviews and perspectives, there are many reasons for these failures ranging from poor target engagement to treatment at the wrong stage of disease [36–38]. Indeed, both conceptually and in preclinical studies, there is little evidence that a GSM would have benefit in AD unless used prophylactically either in primary or possibly in secondary prevention paradigms.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 2Review
|
355,629 |
Pseudoalteromonas sp. GA327 and Bacillus sp. BO53 species were cultured in glass vials, by triplicate, on LB medium supplemented with sterile seawater and incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. The samples were subsequently analyzed after 48 h of incubation. Three vials containing LB medium supplemented with sterile seawater, but not inoculated, were incubated under the same conditions.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
275,215 |
To assess the accuracy of the estimates of the speciation-completion rate, we first generated test data by simulating species on a random population tree with a known speciation-completion rate. More specifically, using the “ProtractedSpeciationModel” class in the DendroPy phylogenetic computational library, we generated 40 tip population trees with fixed population isolation rate of 0.1, extinction rate of 0.0, and the following speciation-completion rates (σ): 0.001, 0.002, 0.004, 0.008, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, and 0.1. Thus, across all cases, speciation-completion rates varied from 100 times slower to equal to the population isolation rate. This range of values, from 0.01 to 1.0 relative to the population isolation rate, spans (and exceeds) the relative range of speciation-completion rates reported for a variety of empirical systems by . A total of 100 replicates were run under each configuration, and the resulting trees and associated true species partitions were each submitted as data to the tempo of speciation mode of inference in DELINEATE to calculate the maximum likelihood speciation-completion rate, which was compared to the known (true) value used to simulate the data. 95% confidence intervals were calculated using the Fisher information approach .
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
142,915 |
The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
|
207,222 |
The second strain, which we call the cycling strain, is shown in Fig. 1d and it was derived from the one described by Charvin et al.31. In this strain, endogenous control of cell cycle initiation is maintained by preserving the genes encoding the G1 cyclins Cln1 and Cln2 and by deleting Cln335. An extra copy of CLN2 is placed under the control of the methionine-repressible promoter PMET3. Two fluorescence markers are present in this strain: the mitotic septin Cdc10-YFP, expressed during the S-G2-M phases, and the Htb2-mCherry as a constitutive nuclear marker (Methods). The cycling strain can cycle independently of methionine levels in the growth medium, however, cells can be forced to transition from G1 to the S phase on demand by inducing exogeneous CLN2 expression via methionine removal.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
287,052 |
3. Slow, E.J., Graham, R.K., Osmand, A.P., Devon, R.S., Lu, G., Deng, Y., Pearson, J., Vaid, K., Bissada, N., Wetzel, R., et al. (2005). Absence of behavioral abnormalities and neurodegeneration in vivo despite widespread neuronal huntingtin inclusions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102, 11402-11407. 10.1073/pnas.0503634102.
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
370,184 |
In nature, plants are frequently confronted with microbial pathogens or herbivores, and thus have evolved an efficient immune response that mainly relies on initial detection of the attacker, followed by production of defense proteins and toxic metabolites (Jones and Dangl, 2006; Schuman and Baldwin, 2016). What plants perceive is the presence of conserved microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) and activate pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) (Ranf, 2017). In bacteria, flagellin, peptidoglycan or medium-chain 3-hydroxy-fatty acids constitute well-studied sources of MAMPs that are sensed by specific plant cell-surface receptor-like kinases; the same is true for chitin, a structural component of fungal cell walls (Boutrot and Zipfel, 2017; Ranf, 2017; Kutschera et al., 2019).
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
253,087 |
Until now, there is no T. cruzi genotyping method that has a great degree of resolution based on a single reaction target and large scale sequencing. Here, we devised a method with just one single amplicon, that due to its high copy number, enables high resolution genotyping. The TS-LSS method has the ability to clearly separate the current devised six T. cruzi DTUs as well as providing sub-DTU classification, illustrated, for example, by the sub clustering of TcI strains and the demonstration of large intra-DTU genetic distance between the TcIII and TcIV DTU strains. This method, as it is based in a large quantity of high resolution information, has the potential to identify mixed infections, also providing an estimate of the mixture proportion, although we have not directly tested this point in the present work.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
219,062 |
Overall, the final training data set contained 1392 profiles on which we performed 10-fold cross-validation for evaluation. The results of this training process are presented in the Results section. Using the trained classifiers, we selected accounts classified as individual HCPs with a confidence of 70% or higher and validated the quality of this selection by manual inspection of 100 random accounts.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
256,192 |
Irradiation was performed in a thermostated quartz cell (1-cm path length and 3-mL capacity) using the continuum laser with λexc = 405 nm. The NO measurements were carried out under stirring with the electrode positioned outside the light path in order to avoid NO signal artefacts due to photoelectric interference on the ISO-NO electrode.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
345,170 |
The volatile profile (expressed as relative percentage of the different compounds) of four experimental treatments and FB alone at the end of storage (28 days) is reported in Table 2. The main identified chemical families were alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and esters. Several acids and furans were also identified. Such a profile is similar to previously described profiles in similar non-smoked products with no spices added .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
386,058 |
Various preclinical studies and number of clinical trials suggested that, the use of PDT in combination with other treatments may be of benefit as compared to the individual modalities. The result show that, rutoside and MB-PDT have cytotoxic and antiprolifrative effects on A375 human melanoma cancer cells, while their effects on human normal cell were not significant. MB-PDT and rutoside combination induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human melanoma cancer cell line. Intracellular ROS increased in A375 cancer cell lines after the treatment with rutoside and MB-PDT. The results suggested that rutoside and MB-PDT could be considered as novel approaches in the combination with photodynamic treatment. However, lots of questions regarding signaling pathways still remained unanswered and more work is required to elucidate the exact mechanisms. We recommended performing further investigation of this combination with outlining its potential against melanoma cancer in in vivo studies.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
89,546 |
Based on the findings of this comprehensive, multisite investigation, we could conclude that HIV new epidemic among Chinese MSM was very severe with an alarming number of recently infected HIV patients along with high burden of STIs. Interventions specifically targeting high-risk MSM especially those having high-risk behaviors (especially multiple partners and recreational drug use), syphilis or HSV-2 infection and anal bleeding were urgently required for efficient control of HIV among MSM in China.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
355,755 |
Many pathogens often live for considerable periods on inert surfaces to trigger the transmission of infectious diseases, especially in nursing homes, hospitals, and clinical settings, known as nosocomial or healthcare-acquired infections. The combined use of disinfectants and bactericidal surface coatings could drastically decrease the prevalence of bacterial infections. The surfaces of medical devices or objects in common clinical/hospital areas can be coated with antimicrobial materials because they are used or touched almost daily by health care workers. The prevention of microbial contamination is also critical in the food and pharmaceutical industries, a growing global concern. PA, the most common Gram-negative pathogen, causes hospital-related pneumonia in the United States . This facultative anaerobe is well adapted to proliferate in the absence of oxygen using nitrate or nitrite as a terminal electron acceptor . Carbapenem-resistant PA is a critical (priority 1) pathogen that infects immunocompromised patients and is linked to ventilator-associated pneumonia and sepsis syndromes. Its adaptable genome also allows PA to attain resistance to different antibiotics and infects the airway, urinary tract, burns, and wounds of immunodeficient patients . KP is the commonest cause of hospital-acquired pneumonia in the United States and pneumonia for inpatient populations. In general, Gram-negative bacteria are more difficult to kill and develop resistance more quickly to antibiotics, compared to Gram-positive counterparts.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
164,835 |
The nurses also experienced challenges in social interactions at work, even if they generally reported feeling very welcomed by their Norwegian colleagues. However, social contact with Norwegian nurses varied. Some FENs experienced problems making friends with Norwegians outside work hours, as one of the participants recalled:I have met many Norwegians at work, but I do not have any friends among them. I am mostly with people from my own country, Poland, the Philippines, and Africa. Norwegians can be hard to reach; it is like they have fences around them.
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
233,302 |
A Total lysates were extracted from TM4 cell lines (without treatments) for co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiments. Equal amount of proteins was immunoprecipitated separately with IgG or anti-Kindlin-2 antibody. Western blot displayed the expression of YAP, LATS1 and Kindlin-2 with specific antibodies. B FLAG and FLAG-Kindlin-2 expression vector were transfected into TM4 cell lines separately. 48 h after transfection, total cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-FLAG antibody and protein G-Sepharose. The expression of YAP, LATS1, and FLAG were detected with specific antibodies by Western blot analysis. C Anti-YAP antibody was used for Co-IP experiment and the expression of Kindlin-2 was detected by specific antibodies. D Anti-LATS1 antibody was used for Co-IP experiment and the expression of Kindlin-2 was detected by specific antibody. E GFP-Kindlin-2 and FLAG-YAP expression vector were transfected into HEK293T cell lines separately. 48 h after transfection, total cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-FLAG antibody and protein G-Sepharose. The expression of YAP and FLAG were detected with specific antibodies by Western blot analysis. F 15P-1 cells were stained with an anti-YAP mouse (red) and an anti-Kindlin-2 rabbit (green). Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue), followed by visualization with confocal microscopy. Scale bars, 10μm. Magnification were shown. G 15P-1 cells were stained with an anti-LATS1 mouse (red) and an anti-Kindlin-2 rabbit (green). Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue), followed by visualization with confocal microscopy. Scale bars, 10 μm. Magnification were shown. H–J Indicated truncates of Kindlin-2, YAP and LATS1 were constructed according to the functional domains respectively. YAP contains two WW domains in the middle and a transactivation domain at the C terminus. LATS1 contains a kinase region in the middle part. K HEK293 cells were transfected with the indicated truncates of GFP-Kindlin-2. Cell lysates were incubated with GST or GST-YAP in vitro for GST pull-down assays followed by immunoblotting using an anti-GFP antibody. L Purified His-Kindlin-2 protein was incubated with purified GST or GST-YAP fragments at 4 °C overnight. Beads were washed and the remaining proteins were resolved by SDS-PAGE and further analyzed by Western blot analysis using anti-Kindlin-2 antibody (upper panel). The GST and GST-YAP were stained by Coomassie blue (lower panel). M HEK293 cells were transfected with the indicated truncates of GFP-Kindlin-2. Cell lysates were incubated with GST or GST-LATS1-Kinase region in vitro for GST pull-down assays followed by immunoblotting using an anti-GFP antibody. N HEK293 cells were co-transfected with GFP-Kindin-2 and the indicated truncates of FLAG-LATS1. Cell lysates were incubated with anti-FLAG antibody and protein G-Sepharose. The expression of GFP and FLAG were detected with specific antibodies by Western blot analysis. O, P Kindlin-2 isolates the interaction between LATS1 and YAP. O GFP or GFP-Kindlin-2 were co-transfected with FLAG-LATS1 into HEK293T cell lines. P Control siRNA or Kindlin-2 siRNA were co-transfected with FLAG-LATS1 into HEK293T cell lines. Co-immunoprecipitation was performed after 48 h transfection with FLAG-M2 beads. Western blot showed the expression of immunoprecipitation lysis YAP and FLAG and unprocessed lysis YAP, FLAG and Kindlin-2. Q Within the red rectangle is the brief working model of Kindlin-2 inactivating Hippo signaling pathway by interacting with LATS1 and YAP to inhibit the phosphorylation of YAP and to promote YAP nuclear localization. Outside the red rectangle is widely known Hippo signaling activation process.
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
294,801 |
Although the set of experimentally verified interactions (HBNet) includes interactions originating from 82 unique bacterial species, an initial concern was the disproportionate number of bacteria-human PPIs derived from high-throughput screens performed on a smaller number of intracellular pathogens, e.g., Salmonella enterica , Yersinia pestis [8, 10], Francisella tularensis , Acinetobacter baumannii , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Coxiella burnetii , Chlamydia trachomatis and Legionella pneumophila , Burkholderia mallei , and Bacillus anthracis , as well as one extracellular pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes (Additional file 5: Table S4). Despite this bias, we find that homologs detected in patient microbiomes come from a set of 821 species that better reflects the phyla typically associated with human gut microbiomes (Fig. 1D).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
167,881 |
There are two methods for extracting spatial features from graph convolutional networks: the spatial domain method and the frequency domain method (spectral method). The spatial domain method needs to find out the neighbors adjacent to each vertex, but the size and number of the neighbors of each vertex is inconsistent, so the computational processing must be specific to each node, which is more difficult to handle. The spectral method is to change the original graph from the node domain to the spectral domain and then define the convolution kernel in the spectral domain. Therefore, the graph convolution network in this paper uses the spectral method.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
324,691 |
The EU pesticide peer review concluded that an analytical method using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was sufficiently validated for one ion transition on high water, high acid and high oil content matrices, dry commodities and wheat straw with individual LOQ of 0.001 mg/kg for all components of the residue definition for monitoring and risk assessment (EFSA, 2012). Independent laboratory validation (ILV) was provided only for high water content commodities (EFSA, 2012). Confirmatory methods are available for all the above mentioned four groups of commodities (EFSA, 2018).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
34,279 |
The concept that chronic pain is maintained as a “memory trace” was first put forward by Coderre and Melzack . This led to studies aimed at identifying commonalities between the neural mechanisms that underlie pain and those that encode learning and memory processes. Furthermore, as central sensitization, which is an increase in the excitability of the neuronal networks in the central nervous system, is considered the most likely neural substrate underlying spinal nociception and pain , many studies focused on mapping the neural processes and specific mediators involved. Given the similarity that exists between LTP and central sensitization at the cellular level, BDNF was initially proposed to play a critical role in central sensitization and inflammatory pain in the late 1990's with studies originating from the McMahon and Thompson laboratories. The results from these earlier studies suggested that, under inflammatory conditions, BDNF levels are increased in sensory neurons and this increase causes a subsequent facilitation of nociceptive spinal reflex excitability . This study by Kerr et al. first identified BDNF as critical to the development of inflammatory pain. Additionally, it identified small diameter “pain” fibers as a primary source of spinal BDNF, particularly after peripherally induced inflammation. To further demonstrate that BDNF plays a role in pain, it also showed that inflammatory pain induced by administration of formalin or carrageenan is significantly attenuated by TrkB-IgG. Thus, these observations demonstrated a novel function of BDNF; that is, elevated spinal levels of endogenous BDNF are necessary for inflammatory pain behaviors. In addition to these behavioral results, BDNF actions consistent with nociception were also observed at the cellular level. Specifically, Thompson et al. showed that exogenous application of BDNF enhanced C fiber evoked ventral root reflexes and pretreatment with TrkB-IgG attenuated the amplitude of the ventral root potentials. Since these initial studies were undertaken, numerous studies have examined the role BDNF plays in sensory plasticity: central sensitization, nociception, and pain in intact CNS. The general consensus from many of these studies is that BDNF typically elicits pronociceptive actions, ranging from an increase in neuronal excitability to mediating pain behaviors, for example, [72–75].
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
42,303 |
The deconvolution of the C 1s peak results in six components (Table 3) which have been assigned according to the literature.[55,59–63] The one labeled C(3) (at 286.0 ± 0.1 eV) corresponds to sp3 carbon bound to nitrogen (-CH2-CH2-N<), which is the structural unit of the HBPEI. This component can also be assigned to C-N groups which have been formed by the already commented direct reaction of the polyamines with the C/C double bond of the carbon materials.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
319,099 |
Differences of gene regulatory mechanisms related to noise amplification and noise buffering would result in different observed expression variation given the same variation sources (left).Dependence between coefficient of variation (CV) and median expression level of 4,074 genes across 75 samples (left). Residuals from LOESS regression of CV on the median were used as the measure of variation throughout the analysis (right). Median expression level and coefficient of variation plotted on log2 scale, red line represents LOESS regression fit.Correlation of expression variation calculated from subsets of samples versus the full dataset (Pearson correlation coefficient). Data are presented as mean ± SD (100 independent selections of samples).Schematic overview of the random forest models and feature selection with the Boruta algorithm (left). Performance shown as R 2 from fivefold cross‐validation and compared to randomly permuted data (right). Data are presented as mean ± SD (fivefold cross‐validation).Performance (R 2, fivefold cross‐validation) for genes grouped by expression levels (quantiles). Data are presented as mean ± SD (fivefold cross‐validation), number of genes per quantile indicated (x‐axis). Red dotted line indicates performance of full model.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
117,583 |
Setpoints in physiology have been a puzzle for decades, and issues like (1) do setpoints exist? (2) what is the level of the setpoint? (3) is the setpoint fixed or variable? (4) how can the setpoint be mathematically expressed? and (5) what are the possible biochemical mechanisms behind a setpoint? have been extensively discussed (Cram 1983; Nemeth et al. 1986; Koeslag et al. 1997; Mekjavić et al. 1991; Briese 1998; Saunders et al. 1998; Kronzucker et al. 2003; Kurbel et al. 2003; St Clair Gibson et al. 2005; Cabanac 2006). Many of these issues have further been related to the concepts of homeostasis (Cannon 1929; Langley 1973; Cooper 2008), predictive homeostasis (Moore‐Ede 1986), rheostasis (Mrosovsky 1990), and allostasis (Mathison 1995; Sterling et al. 1988; Schulkin 2003; Stumvoll et al. 2003; Sterling 2004).
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 2Review
|
337,339 |
As suggested, we have now added a short passage on this observation to the Discussion section. Given that only two out of 12 patients showed a different pattern, we feel that this difference should not be overemphasized. The new passage of the revised manuscript reads as follows:
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
|
397,295 |
In addition, symptoms were mapped to their perceived Medical Severity Rank (MSR), a validated measure of their apparent importance to both medical specialists and laypeople . MSR measures the urgency of a symptom as perceived by people, from a symptom that requires immediate urgent care (MSR=1) to one that can be disregarded (MSR=10).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
347,295 |
This aspect of negative social reaction towards people who are working with older adults is also expressed in the description of another supervisor: “If you ask them if their friends know what they learn, their answer is ‘no’. I suppose it is embarrassing to work with older adults when you are 20 years old … being a waitress is considered much better than caring for an older woman”.
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
258,647 |
To assess morphological changes in lung tissues, the right lower lung lobe was fixed in 4% formaldehyde, embedded with paraffin, sectioned (4 μm) and mounted on Superfrost Plus microscope slides (Thermo, USA). After deparaffinization, the sections were stained with H&E. The degree of lung injury measured as acute lung injury scores was estimated using standard protocols as reported previously (30).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
53,110 |
DOX treatment, 4‐nitroquinoline 1‐oxide (4NQO) carcinogen exposure, preparation of tissue samples for counting and histological analysis, immunohistochemistry (IHC), evaluation of immunohistochemical staining, RNA extraction, and real‐time reverse transcription (RT)‐PCR, PCR array, western blot analysis, and microarray were performed using standard methods, as detailed in Data S1. PCR array data and the primers used for real‐time RT‐PCR and R are listed in Tables S1 and S2 respectively.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
280,416 |
Across-arm predictions were created by training the model on ipsilateral reaches and using the trained weights to predict high-frequency activity (HFA) during contralateral reaches. (Within-arm predictions generated the same as in Figures 2 and 3.) Electrodes close to the unity line have overlapping neural representations across the two arms whereas electrodes off the unity line indicate that the two arms are being encoding differentially. (A) Model predictions. Predicted and actual HFA for two electrodes selected from the distribution of left hemisphere electrodes during movement, one that generalizes well across arms (E1) and one that fails to generalize (E2). Bottom row shows within-arm performance for ipsilateral trials, demonstrating that the failure to generalize across arms does not necessarily indicate poor ipsilateral performance. (B) Across-arm generalization across patients. R2 for within-arm predictions plotted against R2 for across-arm predictions, with the analysis performed separately for the instruction and movement phases. Left hemisphere electrodes showed better generalization than right hemisphere electrodes, an effect that was magnified in the movement phase.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
358,567 |
The modification of the exosomes is suggested by using surface display technology to display candidate proteins or particular surface receptors for efficient cell recognition, as well as for specific targeting . For instance, the exosomes with Tspan8 could efficiently bind to CD11b and CD54 positive cells . Engineering of the exosomes with donor cells was performed by several researchers to express cell specific proteins or peptides fused with exosomal membrane proteins such as “Lamp2b, CD-9 and tetraspanins CD-63”, which further place the candidate proteins on the surface of exosomes . Another report by Alvarez-Erviti et al. 2011 described the role of exosomes in carrying “neuron-specific rabies viral glycoprotein (RVG) peptide”, which is able to knockdown certain genes in neurons and glial cells by the selective delivery of siRNA; this peptide can also bind to the Ach receptors on neuronal cells. Hence, engineered exosomes are selective tools in treating neuronal cancer . Recent research reports described the role of engineered magnetic exosomes in combating tumor growth . Engineered anti-EGFR nanobodies with GPI exosomal fusion proteins are transfected into donor cells to target (+) EGFR-tumor cells . Another report by Watson et al. 2016 described the substantial rise in the accumulation of drug-loaded exosomes in tumor cells by the blockade of a monocyte/macrophage uptake receptor, which normally mediates drug scavenging in liver cells .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
38,765 |
Data were expressed as mean ± S.D. SPSS 16.0 software (IBM, New York City, NY, USA) was used for all analyses. To analyse the data statistically, Student's t‐test and one‐way analysis of variance were performed with Scheffe's post hoc multiple comparison analysis.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
318,207 |
As discussed in the experimental setup section, EEG signals and video recordings were collected from 127 subjects while taking PCPT test and the general cognitive assessment. However, the data from 18 subjects have been rejected, leaving the data from 109 subjects, which will be used in building the model. The causes of rejections include: abnormal EEG signals, withdrawal of the subject in the middle of the recording session, internet shortage during the cognitive assessment, subject experiencing itching of the scalp during the recording session, the EEG headset running out of battery during the recording, and other technical difficulties. Each of the 109 subjects has 17 EEG records (one for PCPT test and 16 for the cognitive tests) and 17 video recordings.
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
24,844 |
All absorption data was taken on a Varian Cary 500 spectrometer. Rhodamine 6G emission measurements were taken on a Horiba Scientific Fluorolog spectrofluorimeter using a monochromated Xe lamp as the excitation source. CEP blend film and Stilbene-420 emission spectra were taken on a LaserStrobe spectrometer from Photon Technology International using a GL-3300 nitrogen laser and GL-302 dye laser attachment, also from Photon Technology International. Upconverted emission spectra were measured with the emission filtered by a 500 nm short-pass filter from Thorlabs, model FES0500, to prevent reflected excitation light from interfering with the measured emission signal. Laser power was measured with a 919P-003-10 thermopile sensor from Newport. Time-Resolved Single Photon Counting Data (in Extended Data section) was taken using excitation light generated by a Fianium SC400 supercontinuum fibre laser with wavelength selected by a Fianium AOTF system. Detection was measured via a photomultiplier tube connected to a Becker-Hickl SPC-130 system. All data was collected with signal count rate at <2% of excitation rep rate to ensure proper TCSPC statistics. All spectra were corrected for the spectral responsivities of the systems used for data collection.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
123,946 |
The abundance of genes relative to total genome equivalents were calculated in Mende et al. . Briefly, the average gene copy per genome was calculated by taking all coverages and dividing by the average coverage of 10 universal single-copy genes (COG0012, COG0016, COG0018, COG0172, COG0215, COG0495, COG0525, COG0533, COG0541, and COG0552) found in the samples. Metagenomic operational taxonomic units (mOTUs) are defined as species-level sequence clusters of a set of near-universal, single-copy protein-coding genes recovered from metagenomic datasets [43, 44]. A customized version of the mOTUs was constructed in Mende et al. . Statistical analysis included analysis of variance and t-tests and was performed in R.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
195,758 |
Consistent with previous studies , Lp(a) upregulates the expression of adhesion molecules, especially VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin, in the inflammatory status, such as AMI. Furthermore, our cell-based ELISA demonstrated that garcinol reduced the Lp(a)/α7-nAChR-induced expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-a, CRP, and NF-κB). An antagonist of p38 MAPK, SB203580, had a similar inhibitory effect of garcinol on Lp(a)-induced inflammation, suggesting that garcinol exerts the anti-inflammatory effects via α7-nAChR. In addition, the expression of F-actin, which is essential for cell stability , was increased upon garcinol treatment in comparison to Lp(a) and SB203580 in cardiomyocytes.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
371,334 |
Mechanical stress or neurohormonal stimulation, including hypertension, ischaemia and myocarditis, induce cardiac hypertrophy, which is characterized by an increase in cardiomyocyte size without a change in cell number . Sustained hypertrophy can change the deposition of extracellular collagen, induce a loss of adrenergic responsivity and alter cell metabolism, making it one of the most important risk factors for heart failure and sudden death [2, 3]. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying hypertrophy initiation and progression will aid in developing novel and effective therapeutics for hypertrophy.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
192,125 |
Four datasets were constructed using the stratified sampling method based on the homogeneity of hexon protein sequences to evaluate the influence of dataset selection methods on constructing common ancestor sequences. The first dataset, named T74, includes the 74 hexon sequences of representative human adenovirus strains. The second dataset, named S7, comprises 23 typical strains from seven human adenoviruses species, including one strain from species G, two strains of species F, and four strains of species A to E. The third and fourth datasets were constructed according to the amino acid sequence similarity of the clustering results from the CD-HIT software. The homology criterion was 95% for the third dataset, and the adenoviral strains were divided into 47 groups. The homogeneity of hexon sequences in each group was at least 95%, the sequence similarity between different groups was less than 95%. One strain was randomly selected from each group as the representative strain, and the subset with 47 hexon sequences was named DB95. The fourth subset was selected using the 90% similarity criteria, and the adenoviral strains were divided into 13 groups. The homogeneity of hexon sequences in each group was at least 90%, the homology between different groups was less than 90%. One representative strain was selected from each group to form a subset of 13 hexon sequences named DB90.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
75,080 |
Neutrophils are an important front line of defence against pathogenic bacterial infection, and one key pathway for bacterial killing by these cells is the elaboration of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs, which are generated through a specialized cell death process, are comprised of a DNA backbone upon which antimicrobial peptides, histones and myeloperoxidase are deployed, and function to ensnare and eradicate bacteria16,17. Neutrophils respond to P. aeruginosa by releasing NETs, which are a major contributor to killing of non-mucoid strains18,19. We found that CBO at concentrations greater than 0.5% induced robust dose-dependent production of NETs by freshly-isolated human neutrophils (Fig. 6), suggesting an innate immune boosting property that may synergize with the virulence blocking properties of the natural compound to aid in treatment of P. aeruginosa infection.Figure 6CBO induced NET formation by human neutrophils. NET quantification was done after treatment of neutrophils with varying concentrations of CBO, 25 nM PMA (positive control), and 1% DMSO (negative control) for 2.5 hours. Each value represents mean ± SEM of three determinations from three different experiments compared to control of untreated cells. ***p < 0.001; One-way ANOVA.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
283,971 |
Inconsistent with the study conducted at Nepal and Bangladesh [14, 19], respondents who studied grade 1–8 were 3 times more likely not to apply the basic preventive measures as compared with those who studied college and above (AOR: 3.70; 95%CI: 1.70, 7.90). This is commonly due to lower grade studies were prone to lower knowledge and a weak learning ability, making it harder to grasp the relevant knowledge regarding COVID-19, unable to adopt a protective attitude and be less positive. It has been suggested that health education should be targeted at people with different educational levels and different needs for health education. For the less educated population, easy-to-understand publicity materials may be more effective.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
197,127 |
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding, regulatory RNAs (Bartel, 2004; Huntzinger and Izaurralde, 2011). MiRNAs regulate all aspects of cellular function, and disruption of miRNA activity contributes to many disease states including neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, stroke, and traumatic brain injury (Wang et al., 2008, 2010, 2015; Liu and Xu, 2011; Tan et al., 2011; Koutsis et al., 2013; Hill and Lukiw, 2016). Several studies have demonstrated changes in miRNA levels in cerebral arteries following aSAH and DCV (Vikman et al., 2006; Muller et al., 2015; Li et al., 2018). For example, over 150 miRNAs were differentially expressed in the aneurysmal tissue when compared to normal arteries (Liu et al., 2014). MiRNAs are also recognized as powerful regulators of CNS inflammatory responses (O’connell et al., 2012), including that occurs following stroke and aSAH (Khoshnam et al., 2017; Lopes et al., 2018). Their functional role and the fact that miRNA can be secreted into extracellular fluids make them attractive candidates as biomarkers. Moreover, miRNAs in biofluids are highly stable at room temperature, resistant to RNase activity (Mraz et al., 2009) and relatively easy to detect and quantify (Etheridge et al., 2011). In this study, we explore the potential of using cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and plasma miRNAs as biomarkers to predict DCV events in aSAH patients.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
94,298 |
The arterial wall consists of three layers of tissue: tunica intima, tunica media and tunica adventita. The intima consists of a single layer of ECs; the media consists of the SMCs, and the adventita is made up of connective tissue. The endothelial layer plays the role of a mediator in the transfer of chemical species to and from the surrounding tissue. The mass transport phenomenon where chemical species are actively or passively diffused within large populations of cells is made possible through cellular communication channels. These channels are known as gap junctions; they are composed of connexin protein subunits and allow direct intercellular communication. For example, the Cx37 homotypic connexins are highly selective and allow only the transfer of monovalent cationic currents; thus, they have the most influence on the membrane potential 3. The Cx40 connexin protein subunit favours divalent cations, and thus, it is the major contributor to a gradient‐driven Ca2+ concentration current. The Cx43 connexin is the least selective, and it allows the passage of a range of large and small molecules such as ATP and inositol triphosphate (IP3) 4. The Cx43 connexin is normally present only in ECs although it has been reported to appear at the shoulder regions of the atherosclerotic lesions 5.
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
66,085 |
Few studies explicitly address the role of geographic distance in the provision of health services in Brazil, and existing studies are confined to analyses of single states or regions. These studies demonstrate how the probability of being hospitalized is inversely correlated with the distance between the city where a hospital is located and the patient’s hometown . This is aggravated by the concentration of hospitals in more developed urban areas and access gaps in rural areas and the Amazon region, leading to the conclusion that distribution of emergency services in Brazil is not facilitating access to the population due to geographical barriers associated with great distances . The literature about access to specific equipment in even scarcer. For mammography equipment, evidence shows that overall provision in the country should be sufficient to cover all population. However, given spatial concentration, several regions of the country lie outside a provision area .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
297,093 |
The plots in Figure 13 show that the magnitude of the overall heat transfer coefficient has a profound effect on the temperature and supersaturation profiles during a seeded cooling crystallization process. Considering the results from a previous study on the seeded cooling crystallization of paracetamol,45 the typical fouling threshold at glass surfaces would be around 1.75. Using this threshold, fouling can be expected within the first few tens of centimeters of the crystallizer when using a high flow rate of cooling water (overall heat transfer coefficient of 400 W/m2 K) where the heat transfer is most efficient (see the green line in Figure 13 B). Furthermore, there would be little residual supersaturation left after the first meter of the crystallizer length, and therefore, the corresponding volume would not be efficiently utilized. The case of the low flow rate of cooling water (overall heat transfer coefficient of 100 W/m2 K) would be more favorable, avoiding the fouling threshold, but there would be cooling jacket flow separation (see Section 3.4), so nonuniform cooling alongside the inner tube circumference would occur without further equipment modification. Therefore, a much slower heat transfer rate corresponding to air cooling would be more appropriate to control continuous seeded cooling crystallization under the plug flow conditions examined here.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
394,305 |
The chlorophyll content in leaves was analyzed at the BBCH stage 40 (80 days after sowing), following the method described by Costache et al. . The extraction of pigments was performed in stoppered tubes. Samples of potato leaves were prepared with a laboratory homogenizer using almost one gram of fresh leaves. Samples were extracted using 100% acetone with a ratio of 1:50. Homogenized mixture was separated using the centrifugation process for 10 min at 3000 rpm. Then, the measurements were performed using α spectrophotometer at the wavelengths of 645 and 662 nm for chlorophyll a and b determination. (7)Chlorophyll a = 11.75 A662 − 2.350 A645 (8)Chlorophyll b = 18.61 A645 − 3.960 A662
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
86,922 |
Interstitial brachytherapy (iBT) is an established treatment option for treating cancer in numerous body sites including, e.g., prostate,1 head & neck,2 breast,3 and gynecology.4 For breast treatments accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) is proven to have at least comparable outcome to established whole breast treatment schemes.5, 6, 7
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
|
59,763 |
Microwave characterization of the samples was carried out by using two-printed dipolar antennas attached to a Programmable Network Analyzer (PNA from Agilent ltd, frequency range between 100 MHz and 20 GHz). The peak emission of the dipolar antennas was at 3.5 GHz, and the magnetic field of the wave was perpendicular to the SRR array. Two Helmholtz coils were used to applied DC-magnetic fields up to 16.6 Oe parallel to the axis of the microwires, in order to study the dependence of the microwave spectra on a the magnetic state of the microwire. A scheme of the complete experimental set-up is showed in the Fig. S1 of the Supplementary Information.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
83,877 |
TGF-β and its family members are multi-functional growth factors that have critical roles in development and maintenance of the skeleton. Various pathological skeletal phenotypes are consequent to mutations in genes encoding ligands, receptors, and signaling molecules of the TGF-β family. The TGF-β related diseases form an important subgroup of skeletal dysplasia,391 which covers both monogenic and polygenic diseases involving the skeletal system. The monogenic skeletal disease is caused by a single gene mutation and belongs to relatively simple and traceable Mendelian disease. In contrast, the polygenic skeletal disease is multifactorial (e.g., osteoporosis). Its phenotype is determined by combined and concerted effects of a group of genes (susceptibility genes) and the environment. Hence, its inheritance is complex and less predictable. These diseases give us clues to delineate the roles of TGF-β in the skeleton in vivo as well as physiological mechanisms controlling the skeletal system. Here we discuss representative monogenic and polygenic bone disorders associated with TGF-β mutations with a focus on their significance for understanding mechanisms regulating the skeletal system.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 2Review
|
155,678 |
As described previously , TMEM97 knockout Hs578T and MDA-MB-231 cells and their parental wild-type counterparts were seeded in 24-transwell chambers with 8 µm pore membrane in serum-free medium with 1×105 cells. The lower chamber contained medium with 20% FBS. After incubation for 18–36 h, the cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 15 min and then rinsed with PBS, followed by staining with 0.1% crystal violet. The unmigrated cells on the upper side of the membrane were rubbed away, and the migrated cells were photographed. Invasion assay was same as migration assay, except that the transwell chambers were precoated with Matrigel (Corning life science, Corning, NY, USA). To conduct quantitative analysis, the cells were eluted with 33% acetic acid and the absorbance was measured at 570 nm.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
363,424 |
Participants took the assigned drugs orally, every day from the time of randomisation to 16 weeks after randomisation. The study drugs were supplied by Sharp Clinical Services UK, who procured the gabapentin and manufactured the placebo capsule, over-encapsulated the gabapentin, and dispensed all capsules into numbered containers. The dosing regimen included a 4-week titration phase where each participant started on one capsule (300 mg) daily, and increased the dose by one capsule every 3 days until they perceived that they were gaining adequate pain relief, or reported side-effects that precluded them from further increases, up to a maximum dose of nine capsules. If necessary, participants were advised to titrate down to the last tolerated dose with minimal side-effects. They were also asked to maintain their highest tolerated dose until the end of week 16. Study drugs were dispensed at time of randomisation, at weeks 4–5, and (dependent on the maximum tolerated dose reached) at weeks 8–10. Other analgesic medications, including opioids and antidepressants (but excluding those contraindicated alongside gabapentin) were allowed and their use was recorded.
| 4 | 1clinical
| 1Other
|
160,425 |
Based on the phylogenetic analysis of the A. thaliana Dofs (Yanagisawa, 2002; Yu et al., 2020), the birch Dof gene family was divided into four groups including nine subfamilies (group A-D, subfamily A, B1, B2, C1, C2.1, C2.2, C3, D1, and D2) (Fig. 2). Each of the birch Dof genes had one or more homologous genes in Arabidopsis, implying that Dof genes in birch might play similar roles as their homologs in Arabidopsis (Zhou et al., 2020). Motifs 1 and 2 were commonly shared by most BpDof family members (Fig. 3A), which was consistent with the results obtained from Arabidopsis, rice, cucumber, and tomato (Cai et al., 2013; Lijavetzky, Carbonero & Vicente-Carbajosa, 2003; Wen et al., 2016), thus suggesting that BpDof TFs were evolutionarily conserved in plants. The exon–intron structure of genes can provide insights into the evolutionary relationships within certain gene families (Zhou et al., 2020; Zhou et al., 2018). In the present study, the numbers of introns in BpDof genes ranged from 0 to a maximum of 2, and most BpDof genes contained a single intron or no intron at all (Fig. 3B). Similar results have been reported in many other plant species, such as Arabidopsis (Kushwaha et al., 2011), rice (Lijavetzky, Carbonero & Vicente-Carbajosa, 2003), cucumber (Wen et al., 2016), poplar (Wang et al., 2017), eggplant (Wei et al., 2018), and pear (Liu et al., 2020), indicating that the exon–intron structure of Dof genes is highly conserved across plant species, which may be related to their similar functions. In a specific gene family, the integration and realignment of gene fragments might result in exon–intron variation (Xu et al., 2016a), and the disparate exon–intron structures of the BpDof genes indicated that they may play different roles.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
52,364 |
A stable SPR band of AuNPs indicates suitability to develop sensing applications. Thus, it is vital to observe an effect of dilution on the plasmon resonance wavelength (λmax) and bandwidth (Δλ). The SPR band of AuNPs was examined under every successive addition of 0.25 mL of distilled water to 1.0 mL of AuNP suspension. It is significant to note that both λmax and Δλ were sustained with the characteristic SPR band at low concentration ranges of AuNPs (Figure 1a). The absorption intensity at 530 nm was found to be linearly dependent on the dilution of AuNPs, indicates that casein peptide is able to protect AuNPs from aggregation and oxidation (Figure 1b). This result is in accordance with the Beer–Lambert law indicating excellent in vitro stability of AuNPs similarly to previous reports . Thus, utilizing low concentration suspensions of AuNPs will be appropriate to develop selective and sensitive sensing probe for target metal ions. The synthesis method used for the production of AuNPs meets all 12 principles of the green chemistry, since no “man-made” chemicals, other than the AuIII were used. The possible binding of casein peptide to the AuNPs provides excellent in vitro stability in aqueous media, therefore these AuNPs are useful to employ their characteristic SPR band in sensing and biological applications .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
160,333 |
One patient required hospitalization after 70 months from PT for the occurrence of severe hyperosmolar hyponatremia in central G3 hypoadrenalism. Afterwards, he was diagnosed with hypogonadism and hyperprolactinemia and he had to start hormone replacement therapy.
| 2 | 1clinical
| 3Clinical case
|
42,908 |
Once a macro-metastasis is established, the outgrowing cancer increasingly builds up its own microenvironment and tumor cell survival decreasingly relies on the mimicking of a neuronal phenotype . Rather, metastasis development depends on angiogenesis induced by tumor-derived angiogenetic factors and vasculogenesis mediated by bone marrow derived myeloid cells recruited into the metastasis (for review see ). Although the blood–brain–tumor barrier (BBTB) exhibits different morphology and less tightness than the intact BBB, it still inhibits the delivery of most chemotherapeutics to the tumor (for review see ). Importantly, activation of Ca2+-activated BKCa K+ channels (encoded by the KCNMA1 gene) and ATP-sensitive Kir6.2 (encoded by the KCNJ11 gene) K+ channels in brain endothelial and brain tumor cells has been demonstrated in animal models to increase the permeability of the BBTB. Therefore, concomitant administration of K+ channel opener might be a promising strategy to enhance the drug delivery into brain metastasis of patients (Figure 2, green and red).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 2Review
|
54,224 |
Anatomical abnormalities on the region of surgery were observed by magnetic resonance imaging. Three-dimensional reconstruction using 3D mFFE WATs demonstrated the nerves, blood vessels and muscles and nerve conduits at the region of interest clearly. In the animals from BM-MNC group (Fig. 6A), structure of the regenerated nerve was continuous with the host nerve, but the signal intensity is weaker than the normal nerves, the diameter of the grafted nerve is smaller. In the animals from vehicle group (Fig. 6B), the regenerated nerve failed to bridge the peroneal nerve defect. In the animals from nerve graft group (Fig. 6C), structure of the nerve graft was continuous with the host nerve, but the signal intensity was weaker than the normal nerves, the diameter of the grafted nerve was smaller than the normal side.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
96,805 |
In order to observe the effect of TIPE2 on F-actin, NSCLC cells were seeded (1× 104) on the cover slip and allowed to adhere overnight. Twenty-four hours after transfection, cells were fixed, permeabilized and then stained with Tetramethylrhodamine (TRITC)-conjugated phalloidin (Sigma–Aldrich, Louis, USA) for 1 hour. Nuclei were stained with 4′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) (Beyotime) for 5 min. The results were analyzed with confocal laser microscopy (Carl Zeiss, LSM780, Oberkochen, Germany). The “% decrease in F-actin”=[(F-actin in untreated cells–F-actin in mock, wild type TIPE2 or mutant plasmids treated cells)/F-actin in untreated cells]×100.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
331,434 |
Muscle alignments were performed on available nucleotide sequences for mesonivirus genomes that were coding-complete. The alignments were used to construct phylogenetic trees using MrBayes v3.2.2 under the Bayesian Marko chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) model with General Time Reversible (GTR) substitution model, gamma distribution (five discrete gamma categories) and invariant rates among sites in Geneious 8.1.9.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
102,751 |
Using Equation (7) with material properties introduced in Table 1, f1 = 1.339 MHz and f2 = 8.390 MHz were obtained for the uncoated micromechanical resonator and taking the Young’s modulus of Cr film as a fitting parameter, f1 = 1.459 MHz and f2 = 9.145 MHz were obtained for ECr = 139 ± 3 GPa, considering the local fluctuation of the film thickness. Meanwhile, the bulk properties of gold were used in the analytical estimation, even though the gold film is very thin (~30 nm). This was due to the fact that the scale effect on gold is not consistent, as summarized in Table 2. Although the elastic modulus of a gold thin-film often decreases with reduction of its thickness , studies show that the property is still comparable to the bulk value . In addition, no dependency of the modulus on the film thickness was recognized in certain studies . The scale effect on the gold films used in the present experiment is not yet clear, but the analytical estimations and experimental results agree excellently with each other, within 1% of the relative error as shown in Figure 8, implying that the scale effect may not be significant in this particular sample.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
256,269 |
When investigating the age factor we can observe that various generations are represented in the sample population, as there are representatives of the Silent generation (born 1928–1945) and the Baby boomer generation. Furthermore, there is a need to acknowledge that Baby boomer generation is also divided into Early Boomer (born 1946–1954) and Generation Jones (born 1955–1964) .
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
222,422 |
Three freely available modern force fields were used: Amber19sb , CHARMM36m , and OPLS-AA/M . We refer to pre-packaged parameterizations of Ca2+ ions within these force fields as DEF. It should be noted that in the case of CHARMM36m this parameterization includes NBfix paired potentials whereas DEF models for two other fields refer only to a particular 12-6 parameterization.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
158,126 |
Forest plot of hazard ratios for overall survival rates assessed by ANXA2 and clinicopathological factors. ANXA2 was an independent prognostic factor after adjusting for age, grade, IDH status, 1p19q status and MGMT status in the TCGA (A) and CGGA (B) datasets.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
34,509 |
Herd animals bring entire landscapes and their plant species to human attention while domesticating their own environments. While many plant species had been for certain in use by Native Americans in pre-Columbian times, countless others became new additions to their useful flora portfolio indirectly, that is, through consumption of Old World livestock species or their products, or directly, under the umbrella of human-animal relations as food (like Mexican quelites), medicine (like ethnoveterinary treatments), or for ritual purposes (like those for amulets, charms, and so on). The livelihoods based upon the immigrant herds of cows, goats, or sheep, just to mention the most conspicuous species, have had paramount consequences for the cultural identities and biological diversity of the continent (i.e., the biocultural diversity). Yet, to our knowledge, they have only been meagrely and superficially approached from a domestication perspective (with the exemption of the studies presented here). By the same token, it seems right to recognize that the forebears of these livestock species could have had similar effects in the Old World at the eve of agriculture (Langlie et al., 2014; McClure, 2015).
| 2 | 2other
| 0Study
|
245,484 |
On the basis of about findings, we are led to conclude that early cerclage cable fixation alone, can successfully address this particular Vancouver Type A periprosthetic fracture variant despite reported destabilization of the femoral stem. Re-stabilization was based on the principle of stem subsidence. Although the principles of treatment suggest use of longer stem revision and the fracture fixation, ORIF has the advantages of minimal invasion and rapid recovery. In addition, we measured the stem position from the X-Ray films immediately after operation and in a two-year follow-up, and found that there was no significant stem subsidence or lower limb shortening.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
125,043 |
Colour Doppler ultrasonography is characterized by simple operations and no trauma. It can detect arterial lesions early and make effective judgments on the severity of lesions and the location of lesions . Research shows that colour Doppler ultrasound is the preferred method for peripheral vascular lesion examination in subclinical diabetes patients and has important clinical guiding significance for early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. In this group of 190 patients with subclinical diabetes, the detection rate of peripheral vascular lesions was 29.5%, and colour Doppler ultrasonography was 82.6%. The detection rate of the latter was significantly better than the former. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). Studies have shown that colour Doppler ultrasound examinations can be used as a routine examination of T2DM, which is conducive to the early detection of peripheral vascular lesions. Among the 157 patients with peripheral vascular disease, plaque accounted for 84.1%, followed by intima thickening in 64 cases. The cumulative posterior tibial artery was 66.9%, followed by the dorsal artery. Studies have shown that peripheral vascular lesions are mainly plaques, followed by intimal thickening, and cumulative after the posterior tibial artery. After the logistic regression mathematical model was constructed, the prediction fitting effect was good, which was consistent with the research of .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
358,030 |
The multi-head attention mechanism improves the performance of the attention layer by extending the model’s ability to focus on different locations and provide multiple “representative subspaces.” Our goal is that the attention model will learns different dependency information in different heads from the long biomedical texts so that we can further improve on the performance of the biomedical text classification task.
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
|
3,434 |
Allocation concealment will successfully be reached since no one involved in this study (i.e. the participants, researchers, and outcome assessors) will be aware of the treatment allocations. Furthermore, investigators will have no control over the order of patients randomized. A blinded investigator will encode the individuals and groups of intervention. To perform the allocation procedure, the encoded groups will be placed inside a closed opaque envelope, which will be labeled with the code for each participant. Envelopes will be opened only during the time of active or sham intervention.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
106,873 |
Reynolds et al.14 described two methods to calculate colony density of Microcystis. The first method was by means of calculation from the relative volumes of mucilage, cells and gas vesicles. However, the relative volumes of mucilage, cells and gas vesicles were difficult to measure and the results were not reliable, either. The second method was calculating density from the floatation velocity base on the stokes’ law. Merely, the stokes’ law was the mostly used model to simulate the floatation and sedimentation. This model was based on two assumptions: i) all colonies were spheres; ii) the density of colonies with different size was same. Thereby, the floatation velocity was considered to be positively related to the square of colony size when the density of colonies were constant. However, Nakamura et al. reported that the regression between floatation velocity and colony size was not a quadratic relationship but linear in most cases15. Both of these results implied that the above two assumptions would be not appropriate.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
6,213 |
Lemma 11 . Consider polynomial λ3 + a1(τ)λ2 + a2(τ)λ + a3(τ) = 0, where ak(τ) ∈ C1, k = 1,2, 3. Let λ(τ) = α(τ) + iβ(τ) be the roots of the polynomial. Suppose there is τ0 such that α(τ0) = 0 and β(τ0) ≠ 0. Moreover, if (dα/dτ)|τ=τ0 = 0, then a2′(τ0)a3(τ0) = a2(τ0)[a3′(τ0) − a2(τ0)a1′(τ0)].
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
143,162 |
The satisfaction scores displayed in Table 4 were similar between the groups, except for the comfort during the polyether impression (control group) vs. digital impression (test group); the digital impression was found to be significantly more comfortable compared to the conventional one (p = 0.014).Table 4PROMs (patient-reported outcome measures)Test (N = 9)Control (N = 9)p-value1. Feeling about the provisional restoration8.447.560.0812. Natural aspect of the teeth8.007.890.923. Impression discomfort1.15.000.0144. Treatment compliance10.009.560.0855. Esthetic satisfaction9.008.780.75
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
387,559 |
In the search for sustainable chemistry, considerable attention is being paid to renewable feedstocks and, among these, vegetable oils represent a great proportion of the current consumption by the chemical industry. However, the chemical possibilities of renewable oils and fats are still very far from being fully exploited. Indeed, most of oleochemical reactions have been those occurring at the fatty acid carboxy group, while only a very minor proportion of them have involved transformations of the alkyl chain. Nevertheless, the latter reactions have great potential for extending the range of compounds available from oils and fats.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 2Review
|
380,914 |
The study was undertaken to evaluate the understanding of public health guidance on a representative sample of the adult UK population. It was conducted between the 12th to 14th May 2020. Participants were randomly allocated by means of computer-generated random number generator to one of five trial arms, each of whom were asked to review a differing infographic or visual stimulus describing how to wear a face mask, see Fig. 1. Fig. 1Diagram to demonstrate participant flow throughout the study
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
49,649 |
It might be expected that mice lacking FGF21 would have an aversion to ethanol as consumption ultimately leads to liver damage. In contrast to previously published reports, we observed no difference between WT and FGF21-KO mice in ethanol preference . However, mice overexpressing FGF21 had reduced ethanol consumption compared to WT mice, consistent with previous reports . This effect was also observed when WT were infused subcutaneously with FGF21, which led to a reversal of preference for ethanol over water during the course of the infusion.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
383,977 |
A major focus of the TNM staging system is the prognostic discrimination between different staging categories. The T stages for RCC are defined by tumor size and local extra-renal invasion. Although the classification of pT3a underwent some major changes in the 8th edition, this stage is defined solely based on anatomical extra-renal extension, regardless of different patterns of invasion. Furthermore, in the primary pT3a tumor staging system, different locations of the extra-renal extension were considered to be associated with a comparable prognosis. Several previous studies have investigated the effects of different sites of fat invasion on prognosis (3–8) and shown that different locations of extrarenal invasion, including renal vein invasion (RVI), perirenal fat invasion (PFI), or perisinus fat invasion (PSI), do not differ significantly from one another with regards to the survival of patients with pT3a RCC. Actually, in our study, we also validated it, PFI alone and PSI alone showed comparable survival outcomes, therefore, merging these three isolated conditions into one stage seems reasonable. However, an increasing body of evidence now indicates that the combined presence of these conditions is associated with worse outcomes compared with each condition alone (3) and suggests that this should be considered when compiling the next edition of the AJCC TNM staging system. Nevertheless, previous studies have been limited by sample size and population characteristics.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
72,785 |
Rank scatterplot representing the positive association between the slope for self-face recognition (x-axis) with the proportion of gaze duration (y-axis) to UPPER ROI [ratio_proportion (self:other)] for faces identified as ‘self’ compared to faces identified as ‘other.’ The shaded portion represents the 95% confidence region of the slope of the regression line.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
290,311 |
“I was pregnant and I went to the clinic when it was five months so I was tested and I was told I am positive. When I went home I told my husband and he reacted negatively and he denied. My mother in law really humiliated me and she incited her son to leave me. She thought it was me who came with the disease and not her son.” (IDI HIV+ mother with child <2 E/Ravine).
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
52,092 |
Drugs that are synthesised from natural products have a key role in pharmaceutical care [36–38] and have proven to be critical sources of potential products for osteoporosis treatment [39, 40]. We have shown that KLEXJ boosts ALP activity and BMP-2 production in osteoblasts via the PI3K/Akt-NF-κB pathway and hence may be suitable in the treatment of osteoporosis.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.