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stringlengths 3
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Jungle is a 1906 novel by the American journalist and novelist Upton Sinclair (1878–1968)."
}
] |
Hj1e4CVI0Pm4Ymtw9wvo
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He first published the novel in serial form in 1905 in the newspaper, and it was published as a book by Doubleday in 1906."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "Sinclair published the book in serial form between February 25, 1905, and November 4, 1905, in Appeal to Reason, the socialist newspaper that had supported Sinclair's undercover investigation the previous year."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "Sinclair was about to self-publish a shortened version of the novel in a \"Sustainer's Edition\" for subscribers when Doubleday, Page came on board; on February 28, 1906 the Doubleday edition was published simultaneously with Sinclair's of 5,000 which appeared under the imprint of “The Jungle Publishing Company” with the Socialist Party"
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history | Uncensored edition",
"text": "In 2003, See Sharp Press published an edition based on the original serialization of The Jungle in Appeal to Reason, which they described as the \"Uncensored Original Edition\" as Sinclair intended it."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Jungle is a 1906 novel by the American journalist and novelist Upton Sinclair (1878–1968)."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Federal response",
"text": "For some of the remainder there was only a basis of truth.\" After reading The Jungle, Roosevelt agreed with some of Sinclair's conclusions."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "Five publishers rejected the work as it was too shocking."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "This investigation had inspired Sinclair to write the novel, but his efforts to publish the series as a book met with resistance."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "It has been in print ever since, including four more self-published editions (1920, 1935, 1942, 1945)."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history | Uncensored edition",
"text": "The foreword and introduction say that the commercial editions were censored to make their political message acceptable to capitalist publishers."
}
] |
The Jungle is a historical poem that was published in 1905.
| 0 | 0 |
The Jungle
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The reviews of Slaughterhouse-Five have been largely positive since the March 31, 1969 review in The New York Times newspaper that stated: \"you'll either love it, or push it back in the science-fiction corner."
}
] |
HkP3UlJT7STrPoSOh3wc
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Criticism",
"text": "Critics have accused Slaughterhouse-Five of being a quietist work, because Billy Pilgrim believes that the notion of free will is a quaint Earthling illusion."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Slaughterhouse-Five, or The Children's Crusade"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Censorship controversy",
"text": "Slaughterhouse-Five continues to be controversial."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Criticism",
"text": "The problem, according to Robert Merrill and Peter A. Scholl, is that \"Vonnegut's critics seem to think that he is saying the same thing [as the Tralfamadorians].\" For Anthony Burgess, \"Slaughterhouse is a kind of evasion—in a sense, like J. M. Barrie's Peter Pan—in which we're being told to carry the horror of the Dresden bombing, and everything it implies, up to a level of fantasy... \" For Charles Harris, \"The main idea emerging from Slaughterhouse-Five seems to be that the proper response to life is one of resigned acceptance.\" For Alfred Kazin, \"Vonnegut deprecates any attempt to see tragedy, that day, in Dresden... He likes to say, with arch fatalism, citing one horror after another, 'So it goes.'\" For Tanner, \"Vonnegut has... total sympathy with such quietistic impulses."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The Germans hold Billy and his fellow prisoners in an empty slaughterhouse called Schlachthof-fünf (\"slaughterhouse five\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Religion and philosophy | Christian philosophy",
"text": "The role of religion in the life of Billy Pilgrim is a key point in Slaughterhouse-Five."
},
{
"section_header": "Allusions and references | Cultural and historical allusions",
"text": "Slaughterhouse-Five makes numerous cultural, historical, geographical, and philosophical allusions."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "In 1970, Slaughterhouse-Five was nominated for best-novel Nebula and Hugo Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "In Slaughterhouse Five, they reveal that the universe will be accidentally destroyed by one of their test pilots, and there is nothing they can do about it."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "The narrator begins the story by describing his connection to the firebombing of Dresden and his reasons for writing Slaughterhouse-Five."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The reviews of Slaughterhouse-Five have been largely positive since the March 31, 1969 review in The New York Times newspaper that stated: \"you'll either love it, or push it back in the science-fiction corner."
}
] |
The critics of Slaughterhouse five were mostly negative.
| 0 | 2 |
Slaughterhouse Five
|
Music
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Michael spent most of his childhood in Kingsbury, London, in the home his parents bought soon after his birth; he attended Roe Green Junior School and Kingsbury High School."
}
] |
HkchmqGmLFVFoT0TxBYN
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "That summer an informal memorial garden was created outside his former home in Highgate."
},
{
"section_header": "Solo career | 1990s",
"text": "It did not appear on any George Michael studio album, but was included on his solo collections Ladies & Gentlemen: The Best of George Michael in 1998 and Twenty Five in 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Philanthropy",
"text": "I bow down to people who actually have to deal with the loss of a child."
},
{
"section_header": "Solo career | 2000s",
"text": "Good Luck George. Good Luck George. \"On 17 November 2003, Michael re-signed with Sony Music, the company he had left in 1995 after a legal battle."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Sexuality and relationships",
"text": "Michael's single, \"Jesus to a Child\", is a tribute to Feleppa (Michael consistently dedicated it to him before performing it live), as is his album Older (1996)."
},
{
"section_header": "Solo career | 1990s",
"text": "The video for \"Jesus to a Child\" was a picture of images recalling loss, pain and suffering."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Michael spent most of his childhood in Kingsbury, London, in the home his parents bought soon after his birth; he attended Roe Green Junior School and Kingsbury High School."
},
{
"section_header": "Solo career | 1990s",
"text": "It spent a total of 88 weeks on the UK Albums Chart and was certified four-times Platinum by the BPI."
},
{
"section_header": "Solo career | 1990s",
"text": "It spent over 200 weeks in the UK chart, and is the 38th best-selling album of all time in the UK."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Sexuality and relationships",
"text": "In 2016 Jeung reacted to Michael's death by calling him a \"true friend\" with whom she had spent \"some of the best time of [her] life\"."
}
] |
George Michael is spent his summers in Greece as a child.
| 1 | 6 |
George Michael
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency (2009–present) | Publications and appearances",
"text": "Bush made his debut as a motivational speaker on October 26 at the \"Get Motivated\" seminar in Dallas."
}
] |
Hkhdo9P37hFdjku4WEcx
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Bush is the eldest son of Barbara and George H. W. Bush, and the second son to become the American president after his father, the first being John Quincy Adams."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency (2009–present) | Art",
"text": "The net proceeds from his book are donated to the George W. Bush Presidential Center."
},
{
"section_header": "In mass culture",
"text": "W. (2008) – a biographical drama film directed by Oliver Stone, in which George W. Bush is portrayed by Josh Brolin. Vice (2018) – a biographical comedy-drama film written and directed by Adam McKay, in which George W. Bush is portrayed by Sam Rockwell, who was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Reception",
"text": "The George W. Bush presidency has been ranked among the worst in surveys of presidential scholars published in the late 2000s and 2010s."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born into the Bush family, his father, George H. W. Bush, served as the 41st president of the United States from 1989 to 1993."
},
{
"section_header": "In mass culture",
"text": "Saturday Night Live (2000–2009) – Comedian Will Ferrell played a satirical caricature of George W. Bush on the show for many years."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (2001–2009) | Foreign policy | September 11 attacks",
"text": "The rest of the world hears you."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency (2009–present) | Publications and appearances",
"text": "\"In 2012, he wrote the foreword of The 4% Solution: Unleashing the Economic Growth America Needs, an economics book published by the George W. Bush Presidential Center."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (2001–2009) | Cultural and political image | Acknowledgments and dedications",
"text": "In 2012, Estonian President Toomas Hendrik Ilves awarded Bush the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana for his work in expanding NATO.Two elementary schools are named after him: George W. Bush Elementary School of the Stockton Unified School District in Stockton, California, and George W. Bush Elementary School of the Wylie Independent School District in St. Paul, Texas, in the Dallas-Fort Worth area."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (2001–2009) | Cultural and political image | Domestic | Job approval",
"text": "In 2000 and again in 2004, Time magazine named George W. Bush as its Person of the Year, a title awarded to someone who the editors believe \"has done the most to influence the events of the year\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency (2009–present) | Publications and appearances",
"text": "Bush made his debut as a motivational speaker on October 26 at the \"Get Motivated\" seminar in Dallas."
}
] |
People paid to hear and ostensibly be excited by George W. Bush speaking at least once.
| 0 | 0 |
George W. Bush
|
Science
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Hawking died at his home in Cambridge, England, on 14 March 2018, at the age of 76."
}
] |
HkrmJHQcX23DX2AmGw3N
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Hawking died at his home in Cambridge, England, on 14 March 2018, at the age of 76."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He died on 14 March 2018 at the age of 76, after living with motor neurone disease for more than 50 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stephen William Hawking (8 January 1942 – 14 March 2018) was an English theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author who was director of research at the Centre for Theoretical Cosmology at the University of Cambridge at the time of his death."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "His family stated that he \"died peacefully\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "His private funeral took place at 2 pm on the afternoon of 31 March 2018, at Great St Mary's Church, Cambridge."
},
{
"section_header": "Appearances in popular media",
"text": "Broadcast in March 2018 just a week or two before his death, Hawking was the voice of The Book Mark II on The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy radio series, and he was the guest of Neil deGrasse Tyson on StarTalk."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Disability",
"text": "The National Health Service was ready to pay for a nursing home, but Jane was determined that he would live at home."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Marriages",
"text": "The two were married on 14 July 1965 in their shared hometown of St Albans."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Undergraduate years",
"text": "Hawking began his university education at University College, Oxford, in October 1959 at the age of 17."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal views | Religion and atheism",
"text": "No one created the universe and no one directs our fate."
}
] |
Stephen Hawking died in his home on March 14, 2018 at the age of 76.
| 1 | 6 |
Stephen Hawking
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal",
"text": "Miller was diagnosed with liver cancer in August 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal",
"text": "He died on November 27, 2012, at the age of 95, in his home in Manhattan."
}
] |
Hkxj1d3lVUtoShUeiGpq
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame consideration",
"text": "That's the least they owe Marvin Miller."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame consideration",
"text": "Therefore Marvin Miller should be in the Hall of Fame on that basis."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal",
"text": "Theresa predeceased Marvin. Peter Miller, his son, represented the baseball players in Japan."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal",
"text": "In a statement, Michael Weiner, the executive director of the MLBPA, said: It is with profound sorrow that we announce the passing of Marvin Miller."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Marvin Miller was succeeded in 1985 by Donald Fehr, who had joined the Major League Baseball Players Association as general counsel in 1977."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame consideration",
"text": "Marvin Miller kicked their butts and took power away from the baseball establishment—do you really think those people are going to vote him in?"
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and awards",
"text": "In 1997, the MLB Players Association created the Marvin Miller Man of the Year Award as one of its annual \"Players Choice Awards\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1992, Red Barber said, \"Marvin Miller, along with Babe Ruth and Jackie Robinson, is one of the two or three most important men in baseball history.\" Miller was selected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in December 2019, for induction in 2020."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Marvin Julian Miller (April 14, 1917 – November 27, 2012) was an American baseball executive who served as the Executive Director of the Major League Baseball Players Association (MLBPA) from 1966 to 1982."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal",
"text": "All players – past, present and future – owe a debt of gratitude to Marvin, and his influence transcends baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal",
"text": "Miller was diagnosed with liver cancer in August 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal",
"text": "He died on November 27, 2012, at the age of 95, in his home in Manhattan."
}
] |
Marvin Miller expired of lung disease.
| 0 | 0 |
Marvin Miller
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Svante August Arrhenius (; 19 February 1859 – 2 October 1927) was a Swedish scientist."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": ", Arrhenius was one of the founders of the science of physical chemistry."
}
] |
HljLfMWMV53GNGt9qrWW
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1903, becoming the first Swedish Nobel laureate."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Nobel Prizes",
"text": "In 1903 he became the first Swede to be awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": ", Arrhenius was one of the founders of the science of physical chemistry."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Nobel Prizes",
"text": "For the rest of his life, he would be a member of the Nobel Committee on Physics and a de facto member of the Nobel Committee on Chemistry."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Ionic disassociation",
"text": "Later, extensions of this very work would earn him the 1903 Nobel Prize in Chemistry."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Nobel Prizes",
"text": "In 1901 Arrhenius was elected to the Swedish Academy of Sciences, against strong opposition."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Nobel Prizes",
"text": "He was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1901."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Nobel Prizes",
"text": "About 1900, Arrhenius became involved in setting up the Nobel Institutes and the Nobel Prizes."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Svante August Arrhenius (; 19 February 1859 – 2 October 1927) was a Swedish scientist."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Ionic disassociation",
"text": "The most important idea in the dissertation was his explanation of the fact that solid crystalline salts disassociate into paired charged particles when dissolved, for which he would win the 1903 Nobel Prize in Chemistry."
}
] |
Svante Arrhenius was a Swedish scientist who was one of the founders of the science of physical chemistry, and received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1903, becoming the first Swedish Nobel laureate.
| 0 | 0 |
Svante Arrhenius
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Geography | Climate",
"text": "Vancouver is one of Canada's warmest cities in the winter."
}
] |
HmFsuRyS3Q4Vp59EQHJX
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Sports and recreation",
"text": "Vancouver has an adult obesity rate of 12%, compared to the Canadian average of 23%."
},
{
"section_header": "Arts and culture | Theatre, dance, film and television | Film",
"text": "The Vancouver International Film Centre venue, the Vancity Theatre, runs independent non-commercial films throughout the rest of the year, as do the Pacific Cinémathèque, and the Rio theatres."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Climate",
"text": "1,189 mm (46.8 in), compared with 1,588 mm (62.5 in) in the downtown area and 2,044 mm (80.5 in) in North Vancouver."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Climate",
"text": "Vancouver's climate is temperate by Canadian standards and is classified as oceanic or marine west coast, (Köppen climate classification Cfb) that borders on a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Csb)."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "As of April 2010, the average two-level home in Vancouver sold for a record high of $987,500, compared with the Canadian average of $365,141."
},
{
"section_header": "Government",
"text": "Utility fees and other user fees have also been increased, but represent a comparatively small portion of Vancouver's overall budget."
},
{
"section_header": "Cityscape | Urban planning",
"text": "As of 2011, Vancouver is the most densely populated city in Canada."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "Despite increases in Latin American immigration to Vancouver in the 1980s and 1990s, recent immigration has been comparatively low, and African immigration has been similarly stagnant (3.6% and 3.3% of total immigrant population, respectively)."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "Vancouver is the most stressed city in the spectrum of affordability of housing in Canada."
},
{
"section_header": "Education",
"text": "Six private institutions also operate in the region: Trinity Western University in Langley, UOPX Canada in Burnaby, and University Canada West, NYIT Canada, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Columbia College, and Sprott Shaw College, all in Vancouver."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Climate",
"text": "Vancouver is one of Canada's warmest cities in the winter."
}
] |
Vancouver is warm compared to the rest of Canada.
| 0 | 0 |
Vancouver
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus is an 1818 novel written by English author Mary Shelley (1797–1851) that tells the story of Victor Frankenstein, a young scientist who creates a hideous sapient creature in an unorthodox scientific experiment."
}
] |
HnBWYTRopIJlptr1nWg1
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Publication",
"text": "It was published in an edition of just 500 copies in three volumes, the standard \"triple-decker\" format for 19th-century first editions."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Critical reception of Frankenstein has been largely positive since the mid-20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It takes place at an unspecified time in the 18th century, as the letters' dates are given as \"17—\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Frankenstein is written in the form of a frame story that starts with Captain Robert Walton writing letters to his sister."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Sister of Robert Walton. Addressee of letters written by him."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "It's an amazing book written by a teenage girl."
},
{
"section_header": "Films, plays, and television",
"text": "The play was written by Nick Dear and directed by Danny Boyle."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Shelley travelled through Europe in 1815 along the river Rhine in Germany stopping in Gernsheim, 17 kilometres (11 mi) away from Frankenstein Castle, where two centuries before, an alchemist engaged in experiments."
},
{
"section_header": "Films, plays, and television",
"text": "1971 : Lady Frankenstein is an Italian horror film directed by Mel Welles and written by Edward di Lorenzo."
},
{
"section_header": "Films, plays, and television",
"text": "2015: Frankenstein, a modern-day adaptation written and directed by Bernard Rose. 2015: Victor Frankenstein is an American film directed by Paul McGuigan."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus is an 1818 novel written by English author Mary Shelley (1797–1851) that tells the story of Victor Frankenstein, a young scientist who creates a hideous sapient creature in an unorthodox scientific experiment."
}
] |
Frankenstein was written in the late 19th century.
| 0 | 0 |
Frankenstein
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Conception and development",
"text": "Steven Moffat and Mark Gatiss, Sherlock Holmes fans with experience of adapting or using Victorian literature for television, devised the concept of the series."
}
] |
HnLfNncWMaMQwA2KoMIp
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "\"In 2019, Sherlock was ranked 60th on The Guardian's list of the 100 best TV shows of the 21st century."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Gwilym Mumford, for The Guardian, suggested that \"this has to do with the fact that Moffat and Gatiss are enormously knowledgeable about Conan Doyle's work, and their reimagining incorporates big- and small-screen adaptations of Holmes, as well as the original stories."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Music",
"text": "Pieces were often constructed using synthesizers, but the tracks used for the show were recorded using real musicians, Arnold says, to bring the music \"to life\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Home release and merchandise | Games",
"text": "In June 2018, it was announced that a live Sherlock experience, Sherlock: The Game Is Now, would be opening in London in October 2018."
},
{
"section_header": "Home release and merchandise | Games",
"text": "The experience was written by Moffat and Gatiss, and would feature audio and video scenes with \"original Sherlock cast members\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Home release and merchandise | Games",
"text": "The experience, which is built in the West 12 shopping centre in Shepherd's Bush and designed by the escape room creators of London's Time Run, begins in 221B Baker Street and requires teams to solve mysteries to progress along through the 60-minute game."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Conception and development",
"text": "Steven Moffat and Mark Gatiss, Sherlock Holmes fans with experience of adapting or using Victorian literature for television, devised the concept of the series."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Production design and filming",
"text": "Gatiss says that they wanted to \"fetishise modern London in the way that the period versions fetishise Victorian London\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In January 2014, the show launched its official mobile app called Sherlock: The Network."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The series is supported by the American station WGBH-TV Boston for its Masterpiece anthology series on PBS, where it also airs in the United States."
}
] |
The creators of the Sherlock TV show had previous experience of bringing period fiction to the small screen.
| 0 | 0 |
Sherlock (TV series)
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The result of the war was a British victory."
}
] |
HnpCpD982frjjlIap1IF
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Falklands War (Spanish: Guerra de las Malvinas) was a 10-week undeclared war between Argentina and the United Kingdom in 1982 over two British dependent territories in the South Atlantic: the Falkland Islands and its territorial dependency, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Historiography",
"text": "Latin American Research Review."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Historiography",
"text": "Latin American Research Review."
},
{
"section_header": "Argentine invasion | Position of third-party countries",
"text": "Argentina itself was politically backed by a majority of countries in Latin America (though, notably, not Chile)."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "In Argentina, defeat in the Falklands War meant that a possible war with Chile was avoided."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Diplomatic relations between the United Kingdom and Argentina were restored in 1989 following a meeting in Madrid, at which the two governments issued a joint statement."
},
{
"section_header": "Press and publicity | United Kingdom",
"text": "Videotapes were shipped to Ascension Island, where a broadband satellite uplink was available, resulting in TV coverage being delayed by three weeks."
},
{
"section_header": "Argentine invasion | Position of third-party countries",
"text": "Peru had earlier transferred ten Hercules transport planes to Argentina soon after the British Task Force had set sail in April 1982."
},
{
"section_header": "Press and publicity | United Kingdom",
"text": "The Royal Navy expected Fleet Street to conduct a Second World War-style positive news campaign but the majority of the British media, especially the BBC, reported the war in a neutral fashion."
},
{
"section_header": "Press and publicity | United Kingdom",
"text": "Many reporters in the UK knew more about the war than those with the Task Force."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The result of the war was a British victory."
}
] |
The Falklands War was a ten week war between a Latin American country and the United Kingdoms that Argentina won.
| 1 | 3 |
Falklands War
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The foundation stone was laid in March 1913 for a monument built in the Indo-Saracenic style, incorporating elements of 16th-century Marathi architecture."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The final design of the monument by architect George Wittet was sanctioned only in 1914, and construction was completed in 1924."
}
] |
Ho7l0epLTBMfIfuenPLa
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History and significance",
"text": "Gammon India had undertaken construction work for the gateway."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After its construction the gateway was used as a symbolic ceremonial entrance to British India for important colonial personnel."
},
{
"section_header": "History and significance",
"text": "Since 2003, the gateway has been the location for the local Jewish community to light the menorah for Hanukkah celebrations every year."
},
{
"section_header": "Tourism and development",
"text": "The last such conservation had been undertaken twenty years earlier."
},
{
"section_header": "Design and architecture",
"text": "There are four turrets on the structure of the gateway, and there are steps constructed behind the arch of the gateway which lead to the Arabian Sea."
},
{
"section_header": "Tourism and development",
"text": "The gateway is a protected monument in Maharashtra under the aegis of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI)."
},
{
"section_header": "History and significance",
"text": "The gateway was built to commemorate the arrival of George V, Emperor of India and Mary of Teck, Empress consort, in India at Apollo Bunder, Mumbai (then Bombay) on 2 December 1911 prior to the Delhi Durbar of 1911; it was the first visit of a British monarch to India."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The gateway is also the monument from where the last British troops left India in 1948, following Indian independence."
},
{
"section_header": "History and significance",
"text": "Since its construction, the gateway has remained amongst the first structures visible to visitors arriving in Bombay by the sea."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Gateway of India is an arch-monument built in the early twentieth century in the city of Mumbai, in the Indian state of Maharashtra."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The foundation stone was laid in March 1913 for a monument built in the Indo-Saracenic style, incorporating elements of 16th-century Marathi architecture."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The final design of the monument by architect George Wittet was sanctioned only in 1914, and construction was completed in 1924."
}
] |
The Gateway of India took 11 years to construct.
| 0 | 0 |
Gateway of India
|
Music
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The tenth and youngest child of the Jackson family"
}
] |
HoZvkX5lVNVxbUIddPIA
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1993–1996: Janet, Poetic Justice, and Design of a Decade",
"text": "Rolling Stone wrote \"[a]s princess of America's black royal family, everything Janet Jackson does is important."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and influence",
"text": "The youngest sister of the \"precious Jackson clan\", Janet Jackson has striven to distance her professional career from that of her older brother Michael and the rest of the Jackson family."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1993–1996: Janet, Poetic Justice, and Design of a Decade",
"text": "The song was written by both siblings as a response to media scrutiny."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The tenth and youngest child of the Jackson family"
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and influence",
"text": "Klein argued that \"stardom was not too hard to predict, but few could have foreseen that Janet—Miss Jackson, if you're nasty—would one day replace Michael as true heir to the Jackson family legacy.\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2015–present: Unbreakable and concert residency",
"text": "On April 6, 2016, Jackson announced that she was \"planning her family\" with husband Wissam Al Mana, resulting in her postponing her tour."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1986–1988: Control",
"text": "After her second album, Jackson terminated business affairs with her family, commenting \"I just wanted to get out of the house, get out from under my father, which was one of the most difficult things that I had to do."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and influence",
"text": "Steve Dollar of Newsday wrote that \"[s]he projects that home girl-next-door quality that belies her place as the youngest sibling in a family whose inner and outer lives have been as poked at, gossiped about, docudramatized and hard-copied as the Kennedys.\" Phillip McCarthy of The Sydney Morning Herald noted that throughout her recording career, one of her common conditions for interviewers has been that there would be no mention of Michael."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1966–1985: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "Her debut album, Janet Jackson, was released in 1982."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Music and voice",
"text": "\"On Janet, Jackson began focusing on sexual themes."
}
] |
Janet Jackson is the oldest sibling in the Jackson family.
| 3 | 5 |
Janet Jackson
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Airbnb, Inc. (pronounced AIR-bee-ehn-bee and stylized as airbnb) is an American vacation rental online marketplace company based in San Francisco, California, United States."
}
] |
HovLMqWmmIATOoMTbkht
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The New York Times reported that these events were related and part of a \"plan that the hotel association started in early 2016 to thwart Airbnb\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Negative guest experiences",
"text": "Airbnb responded that the 1,021 incidents are statistically insignificant compared to 260 million check-ins at the time and that the company tries to remedy any problems."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Airbnb, Inc. (pronounced AIR-bee-ehn-bee and stylized as airbnb) is an American vacation rental online marketplace company based in San Francisco, California, United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Product overview",
"text": "Airbnb Collections: Options include Airbnb for Families, Airbnb for Work, as well as homes for weddings, dinner parties, and other gatherings."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures",
"text": "Airbnb runs Rausch Street Films."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Airbnb Plus, a collection of homes that have been vetted for quality of services, comfort and design, as well as Beyond by Airbnb, which offers luxury vacation rentals."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Airbnb is a shortened version of its original name, AirBedandBreakfast.com."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Fair housing implications and discrimination",
"text": "Airbnb has also faced complaints of racial discrimination in China."
},
{
"section_header": "Regulations | United States",
"text": "Jersey City, New Jersey has the most listings in the state and the number one destination for Airbnb and is also considered part of the New York City Airbnb market."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Acquisitions",
"text": "On May 31, 2011, Airbnb acquired a German competitor, Accoleo."
}
] |
Airbnb started in California.
| 0 | 0 |
Airbnb
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Catherine Elise Blanchett (; born 14 May 1969) is an Australian actress and theatre director."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Blanchett was born on 14 May 1969 in the Melbourne suburb of Ivanhoe."
}
] |
Hp4B07HGHBgTiDWcZfyQ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2012–2016",
"text": "Blanchett reprised her role as Galadriel in Peter Jackson's adaptations of The Hobbit (2012–2014), prequel to The Lord of the Rings series, filmed in New Zealand."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000–2007",
"text": "Already an acclaimed actress, Blanchett received a host of new fans when she starred in Peter Jackson's Academy Award-winning blockbuster trilogy, The Lord of the Rings, playing the role of Galadriel in all three films."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Blanchett is a patron of the new Australian Pavilion in the Venice Biennale, and spoke at its opening at the Venice Giardini in May 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "Blanchett is one of only four actresses, others being Meryl Streep, Jessica Lange and Renée Zellweger to win Best Actress after winning Best Supporting Actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She has been presented with honorary Doctor of Letters degrees from the University of New South Wales, University of Sydney and Macquarie University."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2008–2011",
"text": "Blanchett was nominated for the London Evening Standard Award for Best Actress, and won the Sydney Theatre Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role and the Helpmann Award for Best Actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2008–2011",
"text": "The production and Blanchett received critical acclaim, with The New York Times' Ben Brantley declaring, \"I consider the three hours I spent on Saturday night watching [the characters] complain about how bored they are among the happiest of my theatregoing life ... This Uncle Vanya gets under your skin like no other I have seen ... [Blanchett] confirms her status as one of the best and bravest actresses on the planet."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2008–2011",
"text": "A Streetcar Named Desire production traveled from Sydney to the Brooklyn Academy of Music in New York, and the Kennedy Center in Washington D.C."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "\"In 2006, a portrait of Blanchett and family painted by McLean Edwards was a finalist for the Art Gallery of New South Wales' Archibald Prize."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2012–2016",
"text": "Blanchett's win made her just the sixth actress to win an Oscar in both of the acting categories, the third to win Best Actress after Best Supporting Actress, and the first Australian to win more than one acting Oscar."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Catherine Elise Blanchett (; born 14 May 1969) is an Australian actress and theatre director."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Blanchett was born on 14 May 1969 in the Melbourne suburb of Ivanhoe."
}
] |
Cate Blanchett is an actress from New Zealand.
| 0 | 0 |
Cate Blanchett
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Marriages and children",
"text": "Early correspondence between Einstein and Marić was discovered and published in 1987 which revealed that the couple had a daughter named \"Lieserl\", born in early 1902 in Novi Sad where Marić was staying with her parents."
}
] |
Hpj1GasYOSa9GUG0RG93
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Marriages and children",
"text": "In May 1904, their son Hans Albert Einstein was born in Bern, Switzerland."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Marriages and children",
"text": "Their son Eduard was born in Zürich in July 1910."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Marriages and children",
"text": "Early correspondence between Einstein and Marić was discovered and published in 1987 which revealed that the couple had a daughter named \"Lieserl\", born in early 1902 in Novi Sad where Marić was staying with her parents."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The son of a salesman who later operated an electrochemical factory, Einstein was born in the German Empire but moved to Switzerland in 1895 and renounced his German citizenship in 1896."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life and education",
"text": "Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, in the Kingdom of Württemberg in the German Empire, on 14 March 1879."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After initially struggling to find work, from 1902 to 1909 he was employed as a patent examiner at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Patent office",
"text": "With a few friends he had met in Bern, Einstein started a small discussion group in 1902, self-mockingly named \"The Olympia Academy\", which met regularly to discuss science and philosophy."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life and education",
"text": "Albert's sister Maja later married Winteler's son Paul."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1921–1922: Travels abroad",
"text": "In a letter to his sons, he described his impression of the Japanese as being modest, intelligent, considerate, and having a true feel for art."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Personal life | Assisting Zionist causes",
"text": "The offer was presented by Israel's ambassador in Washington, Abba Eban, who explained that the offer \"embodies the deepest respect which the Jewish people can repose in any of its sons\"."
}
] |
Einstein had a son born in 1902.
| 0 | 0 |
Albert Einstein
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Subtitled \"Scenes from Russian Life,\" it depicted a group of impoverished Russians living in a shelter near the Volga."
}
] |
HqmgGrPbEiFSdVb2Q45x
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "When it first appeared, The Lower Depths was criticized for its pessimism and ambiguous ethical message."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Lower Depths (Russian: На дне, Na dne, literally: 'At the bottom') is perhaps the best known of Maxim Gorky's plays."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The others tell him that he will have to remove the body, because in time dead people smell."
},
{
"section_header": "Film versions",
"text": "1947 : The Chinese film, Night Inn (夜店) by director Huang Zuolin, is based on Ke Ling's Chinese theatrical adaptation of The Lower Depths."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The characters of The Lower Depths are said to have been inspired by the denizens of the Bugrov Homeless Shelter (Russian: The characters of The Lower Depths are said to have been inspired by the denizens of the Bugrov Homeless Shelter (Russian: Бугровская ночлежка, Bugrovskaya nochlezhka) in Nizhny Novgorod, which had been built in 1880–83 by the Old Believer grain merchant and philanthropist Nikolai Alexandrovich Bugrov (Russian: Николай Александрович Бугров) (1837–1911) in memory of his father, A. P. Bugrov."
},
{
"section_header": "Film versions",
"text": "1957: Japanese film director Akira Kurosawa, adapted the story into the film Donzoko (The Lower Depths), starring Toshiro Mifune, in which the characters have been moved to Edo period Japan."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Subtitled \"Scenes from Russian Life,\" it depicted a group of impoverished Russians living in a shelter near the Volga."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The presentation of the lower classes was viewed as overly dark and unredemptive, and Gorky was clearly more interested in creating memorable characters than in advancing a formal plot."
}
] |
The Lower Depths portrays the life of rich people.
| 1 | 4 |
The Lower Depths
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Walking Dead is an American post-apocalyptic horror television series for AMC based on the comic book series by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard."
}
] |
HrGB9arq5pZ09WwoBRq6
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Music | Soundtracks",
"text": "The Walking Dead: AMC Original Soundtrack, Vol."
},
{
"section_header": "Franchise and spin-offs | Fear the Walking Dead",
"text": "Fear the Walking Dead is a companion series to The Walking Dead, developed by AMC."
},
{
"section_header": "Series overview | Future seasons",
"text": "\"We know where seasons 11 and 12 [will be]... we have benchmarks and milestones for those seasons if we're lucky enough to get there.\" In September 2018, AMC CEO Josh Sapan stated that they plan on continuing The Walking Dead franchise for another 10 years, including new films and television series based on the original comic book series."
},
{
"section_header": "Franchise and spin-offs | Fear the Walking Dead",
"text": "The fourth season of Fear the Walking Dead features a crossover with The Walking Dead, specifically through the character Morgan Jones (played by Lennie James) who joins the cast of Fear the Walking Dead after the events of the eighth season of The Walking Dead."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Marketing",
"text": "In the documentary, comic series creator and television series executive producer Robert Kirkman, as well as artist Charlie Adlard, say they are pleased with how faithful the series is to the comic and remark on the similarities between the actors and the comic's original character drawings."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Marketing",
"text": "The series's official website released, just prior to the San Diego Comic-Con in 2010, a motion comic based on Issue No. 1 of the original comic and voiced by Phil LaMarr."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Walking Dead is an American post-apocalyptic horror television series for AMC based on the comic book series by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard."
},
{
"section_header": "Series overview | Future seasons",
"text": "Executive producer David Alpert said in 2014 that the original comics have given them enough ideas for Rick Grimes and company over the next seven years."
},
{
"section_header": "Franchise and spin-offs | Fear the Walking Dead",
"text": "Fear the Walking Dead was first broadcast on August 23, 2015.Fear"
},
{
"section_header": "Franchise and spin-offs | Fear the Walking Dead",
"text": "the Walking Dead features a different set of characters, developed by Kirkman."
}
] |
The Walking Dead ws originally a comic series.
| 2 | 4 |
The Walking Dead (TV series)
|
Music
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Eugène-Auguste Ysaÿe (French: [øʒɛn iza.i]; 16 July 1858 – 12 May 1931) was a Belgian violinist, composer and conductor."
}
] |
HrTcHbRILOKySC5aOxEu
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "The Eugène Ysaÿe Collection",
"text": "The Eugène Ysaÿe Collection, housed in the Music Division of the Royal Library of Belgium, combines four decades of purchases with a donation made by the Ysaÿe family in 2007."
},
{
"section_header": "Legend of the Ysaÿe violin",
"text": "Eugène Ysaÿe came from a background of \"artisans\", though a large part of his family played instruments."
},
{
"section_header": "The Eugène Ysaÿe Collection",
"text": "An essential source for the study of musician's life and works, it includes some 700 letters and autograph scores, over 1,000 printed scores and books, abundant collection of photographs, four films, and about fifty 78 RPM and 33 RPM recordings."
},
{
"section_header": "The Eugène Ysaÿe Collection",
"text": "A second collection of beautiful handwritten and printed scores is conserved in New York at the Juilliard School."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Eugène Ysaÿe was also close friends with Queen Elisabeth of Belgium, whom he taught violin despite her lack of talent."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Eugène-Auguste Ysaÿe (French: [øʒɛn iza.i]; 16 July 1858 – 12 May 1931) was a Belgian violinist, composer and conductor."
},
{
"section_header": "Teaching and composing",
"text": "Finally, in 1931, suffering from the extreme ravages of diabetes that had necessitated the amputation of his left foot, Eugène Ysaÿe died in his house in Brussels and was interred in the Ixelles Cemetery in Brussels."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Eugène went on playing in these ensembles, though he studied by himself and learned the repertoire of the violin."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "This was because, in order to support his family, young Eugène had to play full-time in two local orchestras, one conducted by his father."
},
{
"section_header": "Legend of the Ysaÿe violin",
"text": "Thus, goes the legend, came the first violin to the Ardennes and to the Ysaÿe family."
}
] |
Eugène Ysaÿe is from Bulgaria.
| 1 | 3 |
Eugène Ysaÿe
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He also served as the governor of Virginia, a member of the United States Senate, the U.S. ambassador to France and Britain, the seventh Secretary of State, and the eighth Secretary of War."
}
] |
Hrd0VqnK2C2QgOXVCu6c
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Governor of Virginia and diplomat | Governor of Virginia",
"text": "As a member of Jefferson's party and the leader of the largest state in the country, Monroe emerged as one of Jefferson's two most likely successors, alongside Madison."
},
{
"section_header": "Governor of Virginia and diplomat | 1808 election and the Quids",
"text": "Madison defeated Pinckney by a large margin, carrying all but one state outside of New England."
},
{
"section_header": "Governor of Virginia and diplomat | Governor of Virginia",
"text": "On a party-line vote, the Virginia legislature elected Monroe as Governor of Virginia in 1799."
},
{
"section_header": "Governor of Virginia and diplomat | Governor of Virginia",
"text": "He would serve as governor until 1802."
},
{
"section_header": "Plantations and slavery",
"text": "The practice of moving and separating slave families was common in the South."
},
{
"section_header": "Plantations and slavery",
"text": "Like so many other Upper South slaveholders, Monroe believed that a central purpose of government was to ensure \"domestic tranquility\" for all."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency | Domestic affairs | Internal improvements",
"text": "The General Survey Act authorized the president to have surveys made of routes for roads and canals \"of national importance, in a commercial or military point of view, or necessary for the transportation of public mail."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency | Foreign affairs | Acquisition of Florida",
"text": "Revolutionaries in Central America and South America were beginning to demand independence."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "The marked site is one mile from the unincorporated community known today as Monroe Hall, Virginia."
},
{
"section_header": "Slavery",
"text": "Slave owners like Monroe and Andrew Jackson wanted to prevent free blacks from encouraging slaves in the South to rebel."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He also served as the governor of Virginia, a member of the United States Senate, the U.S. ambassador to France and Britain, the seventh Secretary of State, and the eighth Secretary of War."
}
] |
Monroe was a governor of South Dakota at one point.
| 2 | 4 |
James Monroe
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barry Lyndon is a 1975 period drama film written, directed, and produced by Stanley Kubrick, based on the 1844 novel The Luck of Barry Lyndon by William Makepeace Thackeray."
}
] |
HruGaVRIpT7vpNKEMUmE
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Source novel",
"text": "Kubrick based his adapted screenplay on William Makepeace Thackeray's The Luck of Barry Lyndon (republished as the novel Memoirs of Barry Lyndon, Esq.), a picaresque tale written and published in serial form in 1844."
},
{
"section_header": "Source novel",
"text": "Kubrick felt that using a first-person narrative would not be useful in a film adaptation: I believe Thackeray used Redmond Barry to tell his own story in a deliberately distorted way because it made it more interesting."
},
{
"section_header": "Source novel",
"text": "The film departs from the novel in several ways."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "Reconsidering, Kubrick's financiers pulled funding, and he turned his attention towards an adaptation of Anthony Burgess's 1962 novel A Clockwork Orange."
},
{
"section_header": "Source novel",
"text": "It might have worked as comedy by the juxtaposition of Barry's version of the truth with the reality on the screen, but I don't think that Barry Lyndon should have been done as a comedy."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barry Lyndon is a 1975 period drama film written, directed, and produced by Stanley Kubrick, based on the 1844 novel The Luck of Barry Lyndon by William Makepeace Thackeray."
},
{
"section_header": "Source novel",
"text": "This technique worked extremely well in the novel but, of course, in a film you have objective reality in front of you all of the time, so the effect of Thackeray's first-person story-teller could not be repeated on the screen."
},
{
"section_header": "Box office and reception | Contemporaneous",
"text": "It is ravishingly beautiful and incredibly tedious in about equal doses, a succession of salon quality still photographs—as often as not very still indeed.\" The Washington Post wrote, \"It's not inaccurate to describe 'Barry Lyndon' as a masterpiece, but it's a deadend masterpiece, an objet d'art rather than a movie."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The production was troubled; there were problems related to logistics, weather, and even politics (Kubrick feared that he might be an IRA hostage target).Barry Lyndon won four Oscars at the 48th Academy Awards: Best Scoring: Original Song Score and Adaptation or Scoring: Adaptation, Best Costume Design, Best Art Direction and Best Cinematography."
},
{
"section_header": "Box office and reception | Re-evaluation",
"text": "The website's critical consensus reads, \"Cynical, ironic, and suffused with seductive natural lighting, Barry Lyndon is a complex character piece of a hapless man doomed by Georgian society.\" Roger Ebert added the film to his 'Great Movies' list on 9 September 2009 and increased his rating from three-and-a-half stars to four, writing, \"Stanley Kubrick's 'Barry Lyndon,' received indifferently in 1975, has grown in stature in the years since and is now widely regarded as one of the master's best."
}
] |
Barry Lyndon is a movie which was adapted from a novel.
| 0 | 2 |
Barry Lyndon
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At the 74th Academy Awards, the film was nominated for eight Oscars, including Best Picture and Best Actress for Nicole Kidman, winning two: for Best Art Direction and Best Costume Design."
}
] |
Hsd5pAJiOEtmFjlEpccG
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "just directed itself. \" The film won the awards for Best Costume Design and Best Art Direction."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At the 74th Academy Awards, the film was nominated for eight Oscars, including Best Picture and Best Actress for Nicole Kidman, winning two: for Best Art Direction and Best Costume Design."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack | Musical numbers",
"text": "Music from Baz Luhrmann's Film, was released on 8 May 2001, with the second Moulin Rouge!"
},
{
"section_header": "Release and reception",
"text": "\" In December 2001, it was named the best film of the year by viewers of Film 2001."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "It won three including the coveted Best Picture trophy."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "Musical or Comedy, Best Actress in a Motion Picture –"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "The film received eight Oscar nominations, including Best Actress in a Leading Role and Best Picture."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "The film was selected by the National Board of Review as the best film of 2001."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack | Musical numbers",
"text": "Sparkling Diamonds (Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend/Material Girl) – Satine and Moulin Rouge Dancers"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Moulin Rouge! (, French: [mulɛ̃ ʁuʒ]) is a 2001 jukebox musical romantic drama film directed, co-produced, and co-written by Baz Luhrmann."
}
] |
In 2001, Moulin Rouge won the Best Actress and Costume Design.
| 2 | 3 |
Moulin Rouge!
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Custer graduated from West Point in 1861 at the bottom of his class, but as the Civil War was just starting, trained officers were in immediate demand."
}
] |
Hsju0GpTGACvYkdNuvRK
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "George Armstrong Custer (December 5, 1839 – June 25, 1876) was a United States Army officer and cavalry commander in the American Civil War and the American Indian Wars."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Custer graduated from West Point in 1861 at the bottom of his class, but as the Civil War was just starting, trained officers were in immediate demand."
},
{
"section_header": "Education",
"text": "With the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861, the course was shortened to four years, and Custer and his class graduated on June 24, 1861."
},
{
"section_header": "American Indian Wars",
"text": "Sheridan and Mrs. Custer disapproved, however, and when his request for leave was opposed by U.S. Secretary of State William H. Seward, who was against having an American officer commanding foreign troops, Custer refused the alternative of resignation from the Army to take the lucrative post."
},
{
"section_header": "American Indian Wars",
"text": "He took part in public discussion over the treatment of the American South in the aftermath of the Civil War, advocating a policy of moderation."
},
{
"section_header": "American Indian Wars",
"text": "I (a satellite ruler of French Emperor Napoleon III), Custer applied for a one-year leave of absence from the U.S. Army, which was endorsed by Grant and Secretary of War Stanton."
},
{
"section_header": "Education",
"text": "Custer entered West Point as a cadet on July 1, 1857, as a member of the class of 1862."
},
{
"section_header": "Education",
"text": "A roommate noted, \"It was alright with George Custer, whether he knew his lesson or not; he simply did not allow it to trouble him.\" Under ordinary conditions, Custer's low class rank would result in an obscure posting, the first step in a dead-end career, but Custer had the \"fortune\" to graduate as the Civil War broke out, and the Army had a sudden need for many junior officers."
},
{
"section_header": "American Indian Wars",
"text": "At one point Custer confronted a small group of Ohio men who repeatedly jeered Johnson, saying to them: \"I was born two miles and a half from here, but I am ashamed of you."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After the war, Custer was appointed a lieutenant colonel in the Regular Army and was sent west to fight in the Indian Wars."
}
] |
George Armstrong Custer was a United States Army officer and cavalry commander in the American Civil War and the American Indian Wars, and also graduate from West Point in 1861 atht he top of his class..
| 0 | 0 |
George Armstrong Custer
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Her simple, unbendable moral principles can make her severe in spite of her tender heart."
}
] |
HtYfoomDjPYiKPlLGMtP
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Miriam and Hilda are often contrasted."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "This romance focuses on four main characters: Miriam, Hilda, Kenyon, and Donatello."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Her simple, unbendable moral principles can make her severe in spite of her tender heart."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Hilda is an innocent copyist."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "He cherishes a romantic affection towards Hilda."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Miriam is a beautiful painter with an unknown past."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Donatello, the Count of Monte Beni, is often compared to Adam and is in love with Miriam."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Miriam is pursued by a mysterious, threatening man who is her “evil genius” through life."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication history",
"text": "\"Hawthorne struggled with a title for his new book."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication history",
"text": "Encouraged to write a book long enough to fill three volumes"
}
] |
Hilda is shown to be the moral pillar of the book and a contrast to Miriam.
| 0 | 3 |
The Marble Faun
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Film, TV or theatrical adaptations",
"text": "In 1996, a television adaptation Nostromo was produced."
}
] |
HtikCyoocdvZyuf0Twbp
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "He is, however, never admitted to become a part of upper-class society, but is instead viewed by the rich as their useful tool."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Nostromo is set in the South American country of Costaguana, and more specifically in that country's Occidental Province and its port city of Sulaco."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Among others, the forces of the revolutionary General Montero invade Sulaco after securing the inland capital; Gould, adamant that his silver should not become spoil for his enemies,"
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "It is frequently regarded as amongst the best of Conrad's long fiction; F. Scott Fitzgerald once said, \"I'd rather have written Nostromo than any other novel.\" Conrad set his novel in the town of Sulaco, an imaginary port in the western region of the imaginary country Costaguana."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Feeling that he has risked his life for nothing, he is consumed by resentment, which leads to his corruption and ultimate destruction, for he has kept secret the true fate of the silver after all others believed it lost at sea."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Charles Gould is a native Costaguanero of English descent who owns an important silver-mining concession near the key port of Sulaco."
},
{
"section_header": "Film, TV or theatrical adaptations",
"text": "In 1996, a television adaptation Nostromo was produced."
},
{
"section_header": "Film, TV or theatrical adaptations",
"text": "It starred Claudio Amendola as Nostromo, and Colin Firth as Señor Gould."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Nostromo is an Italian expatriate who has risen to his position through his bravery and daring exploits. (\"Nostromo\" is Italian for \"shipmate\" or \"boatswain\", but the name could also be considered a corruption of the Italian phrase \"nostro uomo\" or \"nostr'uomo\", meaning \"our man\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The fate of Decoud is a mystery to Nostromo, which combined with the fact of the missing silver ingots"
}
] |
Nostromo was never ported into other media.
| 0 | 3 |
Nostromo
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "It was the second and final marriage for both parties."
}
] |
Htl7fFNLeAI9lTmrb7Kc
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Contemporary impact",
"text": "Viva el Home Run and two times viva Babe Ruth, exponent of the home run, and overshadowing star."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | New York Yankees (1920–1934) | Murderers' Row (1926–1928)",
"text": "In Game Four, Ruth hit three home runs—the first time this had been done in a World Series game—to lead the Yankees to victory."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Montville describes the continuing relevance of Babe Ruth in American culture, more than three-quarters of a century after he last swung a bat in a major league game: The fascination with his life and career continues."
},
{
"section_header": "Memorial and museum",
"text": "The Babe Ruth Birthplace Museum is located at 216 Emory Street, a Baltimore row house where Ruth was born, and three blocks west of Oriole Park at Camden Yards, where the AL's Baltimore Orioles play."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | New York Yankees (1920–1934) | Initial success (1920–1923)",
"text": "How did a man drink so much and never get drunk? ... The puzzle of Babe Ruth never was dull, no matter how many times Hoyt picked up the pieces and stared at them."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Minor league, Baltimore Orioles",
"text": "There are various accounts of how Ruth came to be called \"Babe\", but most center on his being referred to as \"Dunnie's babe\" or a variant."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Boston Red Sox (1914–1919) | Developing star",
"text": "There are legends—filmed for the screen in The Babe Ruth Story (1948)—that"
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "If sport has become the national religion, Babe Ruth is the patron saint."
},
{
"section_header": "Cancer and death (1946–1948)",
"text": "On July 26, 1948, Ruth left the hospital to attend the premiere of the film The Babe Ruth Story."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Sale to New York",
"text": "Frazee sold the rights to Babe Ruth for $100,000, the largest sum ever paid for a baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "It was the second and final marriage for both parties."
}
] |
Babe Ruth was wed three times.
| 1 | 7 |
Babe Ruth
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Unlike fellow composer Sergei Prokofiev, Kabalevsky embraced the ideas of socialist realism, and his post-war works have been characterized as \"popular, bland, and successful,\" though this judgement has been applied to many other composers of the time."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dmitry Borisovich Kabalevsky (Russian: Дми́трий Бори́сович Кабале́вский; 30 December [O.S. 17 December] 1904 – 14 February 1987) was a Russian composer and teacher."
}
] |
HuHsyzzdBQ4ydYf2qiRf
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Kabalevsky wrote for all musical genres and was consistently faithful to the ideals of socialist realism."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Unlike fellow composer Sergei Prokofiev, Kabalevsky embraced the ideas of socialist realism, and his post-war works have been characterized as \"popular, bland, and successful,\" though this judgement has been applied to many other composers of the time."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dmitry Borisovich Kabalevsky (Russian: Дми́трий Бори́сович Кабале́вский; 30 December [O.S. 17 December] 1904 – 14 February 1987) was a Russian composer and teacher."
},
{
"section_header": "Honours and awards",
"text": "Hero of Socialist Labour (1974)."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "His traditional stance as a composer, combined with his strong sense of civic duty expressed in his educational work, endeared him to the Soviet regime and earned him a long list of honours and awards, including the Lenin Prize in 1972 and the Hero of Socialist Labour in 1974."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Kabalevsky was born in Saint Petersburg in 1904, but moved to Moscow at a young age."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Kabalevsky also received the honorary degree of the president of the International Society of Musical Education."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "In 1961, Kabalevsky made a recording of his Overture Pathetique, Spring, and Songs of Morning, in which he conducted."
},
{
"section_header": "Works",
"text": "Four Orders of Lenin (1964, 1971, 1974, 1984) Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1966) Order of the Badge of Honour (1940) Lenin Prize (1972) – a new version of the opera \"Colas Breugnon\" (1968) Stalin Prizesfirst class (1946) – for the 2nd quartet (1945) second class (1949) – Concerto for Violin and Orchestra (1948) second class – for the opera \"Taras Family\" (1950)USSR State Prize (1980) – for the 4th Concerto for Piano and Orchestra (\"Prague\") (1979) Glinka State Prize of the RSFSR (1966) – for \"Requiem\" for soloists, two choirs and orchestra (1962) Lenin Komsomol Prize (1984) Ivan Pavlov (1949) See List of compositions by Dmitry Kabalevsky"
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "In general, Kabalevsky was not as adventurous as his contemporaries in terms of harmony and preferred a more conventional diatonicism, interlaced with chromaticism and major-minor interplay."
}
] |
Dmitry Kabalevsky conformed to socialist realism.
| 0 | 0 |
Dmitry Kabalevsky
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Kenesaw Mountain Landis (; November 20, 1866 – November 25, 1944) was an American jurist who served as a United States federal judge from 1905 to 1922 and the first Commissioner of Baseball from 1920 until his death."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and pre-judicial career (1866–1905) | Washington years and aftermath (1893–1905)",
"text": "According to Spink, President Roosevelt wanted \"a tough judge and a man sympathetic with his viewpoint in that important court\"; Lowden and Landis were, like Roosevelt, on the progressive left of the Republican Party."
}
] |
HuX7przsDrz58fLrJXQF
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Judge (1905–1922) | Building trades award, controversy, and resignation (1920–1922)",
"text": "By the end of 1921, the controversy was dying down, and Landis felt that he could resign without looking pressured."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball Commissioner (1920–1944) | Appointment | Black Sox scandal",
"text": "However, Cincinnati won Game Eight, 10–5, to end the series, as Williams lost his third game (Cicotte lost the other two)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and pre-judicial career (1866–1905) | Washington years and aftermath (1893–1905)",
"text": "He was less popular among many of the Department's senior career officials, who saw him as brash."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and pre-judicial career (1866–1905) | Boyhood and early career (1866–1893)",
"text": "As \"Kenny\", as he was sometimes known, grew, he did an increasing share of the farm work, later stating, \"I did my share—and it was a substantial share—in taking care of the 13 acres ... I do not remember that I particularly liked to get up at 3:30 in the morning.\" Kenesaw began his off-farm career at age ten as a news delivery boy."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and pre-judicial career (1866–1905) | Boyhood and early career (1866–1893)",
"text": "Kenesaw Mountain Landis was born in Millville, Ohio, the sixth child and fourth son of Abraham Hoch Landis, a physician, and Mary Kumler Landis, on November 20, 1866."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and pre-judicial career (1866–1905) | Boyhood and early career (1866–1893)",
"text": "Two of Kenesaw's four brothers, Charles Beary Landis and Frederick Landis, became members of Congress."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and pre-judicial career (1866–1905) | Boyhood and early career (1866–1893)",
"text": "Landis later wrote, \"I may not have been much of a judge, nor baseball official, but I do pride myself on having been a real shorthand reporter.\" He served in that capacity until 1886."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and pre-judicial career (1866–1905) | Boyhood and early career (1866–1893)",
"text": "Abraham Landis worked in Millville as a country physician."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and pre-judicial career (1866–1905) | Boyhood and early career (1866–1893)",
"text": "Landis applied for a job as a brakeman, but was laughingly dismissed as too small."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and pre-judicial career (1866–1905) | Boyhood and early career (1866–1893)",
"text": "Abraham Landis had been wounded fighting on the Union side at the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain in Georgia, and when his parents proved unable to agree on a name for the new baby, Mary Landis proposed that they call him Kenesaw Mountain."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Kenesaw Mountain Landis (; November 20, 1866 – November 25, 1944) was an American jurist who served as a United States federal judge from 1905 to 1922 and the first Commissioner of Baseball from 1920 until his death."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and pre-judicial career (1866–1905) | Washington years and aftermath (1893–1905)",
"text": "According to Spink, President Roosevelt wanted \"a tough judge and a man sympathetic with his viewpoint in that important court\"; Lowden and Landis were, like Roosevelt, on the progressive left of the Republican Party."
}
] |
Landis faded into obscurity after his baseball career ended.
| 0 | 0 |
Kenesaw Landis
|
Science
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Rigel is the brightest and most massive component—and the eponym—of a star system of at least four stars that appear as a single blue-white point of light to the naked eye."
}
] |
Huoompby04DXVp4F0KHh
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Stellar system",
"text": "The star system of which Rigel is a part has at least four components."
},
{
"section_header": "Stellar system",
"text": "This spectroscopic binary, together with the close visual component Rigel C, is likely a physical triple-star system, although Rigel C cannot be detected in the spectrum, which is inconsistent with its observed brightness."
},
{
"section_header": "Stellar system",
"text": "A fainter star at a wider separation might be a fifth component of the Rigel system."
},
{
"section_header": "Stellar system",
"text": "Rigel (sometimes called Rigel A to distinguish from the other components) has a visual companion, which is likely a close triple-star system."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Rigel is the brightest and most massive component—and the eponym—of a star system of at least four stars that appear as a single blue-white point of light to the naked eye."
},
{
"section_header": "Stellar system",
"text": "In 1871, Sherburne Wesley Burnham suspected Rigel B to be a binary system, and in 1878, he resolved it into two components."
},
{
"section_header": "Stellar system",
"text": "The two spectroscopic components Rigel Ba and Rigel Bb cannot be resolved in optical telescopes but are known to both be hot stars of spectral type around B9."
},
{
"section_header": "Stellar system",
"text": "This visual companion is designated as component C (Rigel C), with a measured separation from component B that varies from less than 0.1″ to around 0.3″."
},
{
"section_header": "Nomenclature",
"text": "According to the IAU, this proper name applies only to the primary component A of the Rigel system."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "These three stars are all blue-white main sequence stars, each three to four times as massive as the Sun."
}
] |
Rigel is the least bright and massive component of a star system.
| 1 | 5 |
Rigel
|
Music
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "McGraw is of Italian and Irish descent on his mother's side, and has Irish, English, Scottish, Swiss, Dutch, Czech, and German ancestry on his father's side."
}
] |
HuusUfwOqylTn5XBPW8h
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1990s | Tim McGraw",
"text": "Three more singles were released from Tim McGraw: \"Welcome to the Club\", \"Memory Lane\", and \"Two Steppin' Mind\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2000s | Tim McGraw and the Dancehall Doctors",
"text": "In 2002, McGraw bucked country music traditions by recording his seventh studio album Tim McGraw and the Dancehall Doctors with his tour band The Dancehall Doctors."
},
{
"section_header": "Discography | Studio albums",
"text": "Tim McGraw (1993) Not a Moment"
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1990s | Tim McGraw",
"text": "McGraw made his debut with the single"
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1990s | Tim McGraw",
"text": "McGraw came to the attention of Curb Records in 1990."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1990s | Tim McGraw",
"text": "After cutting a demo single, McGraw gave a copy to his father."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2010s | The Rest of Our Life",
"text": "The tour began on April 7, 2017, in New Orleans and will continue into 2018, incorporating the C2C: Country to Country festival held in the UK and Ireland throughout March 2018.Prior to the commencement of the tour it was reported that McGraw, alongside Hill, had signed a new deal with Sony Music Nashville."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2000s | Live Like You Were Dying",
"text": "Nelly's third number one hit in the country after \"Dilemma\" and \"My Place\". \" Over and Over\" also reached the top of the charts in Australia, New Zealand and the Republic of Ireland, and the top 10 in Austria, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Romania and Switzerland."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2000s | Tim McGraw and the Dancehall Doctors",
"text": "All of the Dancehall Doctors have worked with McGraw since at least 1996."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career",
"text": "The Dallas Observer said the role was \"played with unexpected ferocity by country singer Tim McGraw\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "McGraw is of Italian and Irish descent on his mother's side, and has Irish, English, Scottish, Swiss, Dutch, Czech, and German ancestry on his father's side."
}
] |
Tim McGraw has roots from Italy and Ireland.
| 0 | 6 |
Tim McGraw
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Party foundation",
"text": "The Anti-Masonic Party was formed in Upstate New York in February 1828."
}
] |
Hw2e9apwdXKtKLkqRSVn
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Party foundation",
"text": "Adams supporters used the strong anti-Masonic feeling to create a new party in opposition to the rising Jacksonian Democracy nationally and the Albany Regency political organization of Martin Van Buren in New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Notable office holders and candidates",
"text": "William Slade Solomon Southwick, candidate for Governor of New York (1828) Millard Fillmore, New York State Assembly (1829–1831) William H. Seward, New York State Senate (1831–1834) Lebbeus Egerton, Lieutenant Governor of Vermont (1831–1835) William A. Palmer, Governor of Vermont (1831–1835) William Wirt, candidate for President in 1832"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Political rise",
"text": "Though its candidate for Governor of New York, Solomon Southwick, was defeated, the Anti-Masonic Party became the main opposition party to the Jacksonian Democrats in New York."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Party foundation",
"text": "The Anti-Masonic Party was formed in Upstate New York in February 1828."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In New York, the Anti-Masons supplanted the National Republicans as the primary opposition to the Democrats."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Background",
"text": "This key episode was the mysterious 1826 disappearance of William Morgan, a Freemason in upstate New York who had turned against the Masons."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Party foundation",
"text": "In New York, at this time the supporters of President John Quincy Adams, called \"Adams men\", or Anti-Jacksonians, or National Republicans, were a feeble organization."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Party foundation",
"text": "Anti-Masonry also became a political issue in Western New York, where early in 1827 many mass meetings resolved not to support Masons for public office."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Conventions and elections",
"text": "A national Anti-Masonic organization was planned as early as 1827, when the New York leaders attempted unsuccessfully to persuade Henry Clay to renounce his Masonic membership and head the movement."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In states such as Pennsylvania and Rhode Island, the party controlled the balance of power in the state legislature and provided crucial support to candidates for the Senate."
}
] |
The Anti-Masonic was created in New York state.
| 0 | 1 |
Anti-Masonic Party
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In what is widely regarded as the greatest victory achieved by Napoleon, the Grande Armée of France defeated a larger Russian and Austrian army led by Emperor Alexander I and Holy Roman Emperor Francis II."
}
] |
HwFqEQe6lMQuqT8d3rUi
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Prologue",
"text": "A Second Coalition, led by Britain, Austria and Russia, and including the Ottoman Empire, Portugal and Naples, was formed in 1798, but by 1801, this too had been defeated, leaving Britain the only opponent of the new French Consulate."
},
{
"section_header": "Preliminary moves",
"text": "The meeting was another part of the trap, as Napoleon intentionally expressed anxiety and hesitation to his opponents."
},
{
"section_header": "Military and political results",
"text": "I am a little weary.... I embrace you.\" Napoleon's comments in this letter led to the battle's other famous designation, \"Battle of the Three Emperors.\" However, Emperor Francis of Austria was not present at the battlefield."
},
{
"section_header": "Forces | French Imperial army",
"text": "Although they never invaded, Napoleon's troops received careful and invaluable training for any possible military operation."
},
{
"section_header": "Forces | Austrian Imperial army",
"text": "Charles was Austria's best field commander, but he was unpopular at court and lost much influence when, against his advice, Austria decided to go to war with France."
},
{
"section_header": "Preliminary moves",
"text": "Napoleon's lure did not stop at that."
},
{
"section_header": "Military and political results",
"text": "Austria agreed to recognize French territory captured by the treaties of Campo Formio (1797) and Lunéville (1801), cede land to Bavaria, Wurttemberg, and Baden, which were Napoleon's German allies, and pay 40 million francs in war indemnities, and Venice was given to the Kingdom of Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "Military and political results",
"text": "It was a harsh end for Austria, but certainly not a catastrophic peace."
},
{
"section_header": "Prologue | Third Coalition",
"text": "British Prime Minister William Pitt spent 1804 and 1805 in a flurry of diplomatic activity geared towards forming a new coalition against France, and by April 1805, Britain and Russia had signed an alliance."
},
{
"section_header": "Rewards",
"text": "Napoleon's words to his troops after the battle were full of praise: Soldats!"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In what is widely regarded as the greatest victory achieved by Napoleon, the Grande Armée of France defeated a larger Russian and Austrian army led by Emperor Alexander I and Holy Roman Emperor Francis II."
}
] |
Napoleon's army was bigger than that of his opponents, Russia and Austria.
| 0 | 1 |
Battle of Austerlitz
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Mercedes Mackay of the Royal African Society noted that \"This second novel of Chinua Achebe is better than his first, and puts this Nigerian at the forefront of West African writers.\" Arthur Lerner of Los Angeles City College wrote that \"The second novel of this young Nigerian author continues the promise of its predecessor, Things Fall Apart.\" The novel was widely praised for its realistic and vivid depictions of life in Lagos in the early 1960s."
}
] |
HwiBAYGopdhExri6E2CS
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "No Longer at Ease is a 1960 novel by Nigerian author Chinua Achebe."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Though set several decades after \"Things Fall Apart\", \"No Longer at Ease\" continues many of the themes from Achebe's first novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "\"No Longer at Ease\" debuted to largely positive reviews."
},
{
"section_header": "Novel's title",
"text": "But no longer at ease here, With an alien people clutching their gods."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel is the second work in what is sometimes referred to as the \"African trilogy\", following Things Fall Apart and preceding Arrow of God."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Mercedes Mackay of the Royal African Society noted that \"This second novel of Chinua Achebe is better than his first, and puts this Nigerian at the forefront of West African writers.\" Arthur Lerner of Los Angeles City College wrote that \"The second novel of this young Nigerian author continues the promise of its predecessor, Things Fall Apart.\" The novel was widely praised for its realistic and vivid depictions of life in Lagos in the early 1960s."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Furthermore, Achebe depicts a family continuity between Ogbuefi Okonkwo in \"Things Fall Apart\" and his grandson Obi Okonkwo in \"No Longer at Ease\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The novel begins with the trial of Obi Okonkwo on the charge of accepting a bribe."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The novel closes as Obi takes a bribe and tells himself that it is the last one he will take, only to discover that the bribe was part of a sting operation."
}
] |
No Longer at Ease was the author's second novel.
| 2 | 7 |
No Longer At Ease
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Elements | Concept",
"text": "In the early seasons they are vehement about keeping \"hard\" drugs and drug dealers out of Charming; they also attempt to keep the peace between the various racially-divided gangs, particularly the Mayans, Niners, and the Chinese drug syndicate."
}
] |
HxByAAMCHpQFmpfuPc6P
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Other media | Sons of Anarchy: The Prospect",
"text": "Another video game based on Sons of Anarchy was announced in February 2014, confirmed for mobile platforms in August, and the name Sons of Anarchy: The Prospect revealed in December of that year."
},
{
"section_header": "Other media | Sons of Anarchy: The Prospect",
"text": "Sons of Anarchy: The Prospect was an episodic adventure video game developed by Silverback Games and published by Orpheus Interactive."
},
{
"section_header": "Other media | Sons of Anarchy: The Prospect",
"text": "A Sons of Anarchy game was originally planned to be developed by a studio of Rockstar Games for PC and console platforms, but was canceled shortly after in 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Soundtracks",
"text": "In November 2011, selected highlights from the EPs and new tracks were released in Songs of Anarchy: Music from Sons of Anarchy Seasons 1–4, followed up by Sons of Anarchy: Songs of Anarchy Vol."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Soundtracks",
"text": "2 released in November 2012, Sons of Anarchy: Songs of Anarchy Vol."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Soundtracks",
"text": "3 released in December 2013, and Sons of Anarchy: Songs of Anarchy Vol."
},
{
"section_header": "Elements | Shakespearean influence",
"text": "Sons of Anarchy has commonly been called \"Hamlet on Harleys\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Broadcast",
"text": "Sons of Anarchy premiered in Australia, on the Showcase in 2009."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sons of Anarchy premiered on September 3, 2008, on the cable network FX."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "Sons of Anarchy was nominated for Outstanding Achievement in Drama at the 2010 TCA Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Elements | Concept",
"text": "In the early seasons they are vehement about keeping \"hard\" drugs and drug dealers out of Charming; they also attempt to keep the peace between the various racially-divided gangs, particularly the Mayans, Niners, and the Chinese drug syndicate."
}
] |
The Sons of Anarchy are ok with marijuana, but not heroin.
| 4 | 6 |
Sons of Anarchy
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": ", Page studied at the Art Institute of Chicago and with Uta Hagen and Lee Strasberg in New York City before being cast in her first credited part in the Western film Hondo (1953), which earned her her first Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress."
}
] |
HxEuoNskPE6O5PuaDgBf
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After graduating from the Art Institute of Chicago in 1945, Page studied acting at the Herbert Berghof School and the American Theatre Wing in New York City, studying with Uta Hagen for seven years, and then at the Actors Studio with Lee Strasberg."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": ", Page studied at the Art Institute of Chicago and with Uta Hagen and Lee Strasberg in New York City before being cast in her first credited part in the Western film Hondo (1953), which earned her her first Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After graduating from Chicago's Englewood Technical Prep Academy, she attended the Goodman School of Drama at the Art Institute of Chicago (now at DePaul University), with the intention of becoming a visual artist or pianist."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "At age five, Page relocated with her family to Chicago, Illinois."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Geraldine Sue Page (November 22, 1924 – June 13, 1987) was an American actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Works cited",
"text": "In Senelick, Laurence (ed.). Theatre Arts on Acting."
},
{
"section_header": "Works cited",
"text": "ISBN 978-1-557-83566-6. OCLC 1023578411.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) Carroll, Joseph (2013). \" Geraldine Page\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Works cited",
"text": "ISBN 978-0-713-45305-8. OCLC 906521157.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) Schechner, Richard (1964). \" The Bottomess Cup: An interview with Geraldine Page\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early stage and film",
"text": "For her performance, Page received her first nomination for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play, as well as the Sarah Siddons Award for her performance in Chicago."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Now I'm finding how much you can learn from the audience.\" She described acting as a \"bottomless cup,\" adding: \"If I studied for the next ninety years I'd just be scratching the surface.\" Page was married to violinist Alexander Schneider from 1954 to 1957."
}
] |
Geraldine Page studied at the Art Institute of Chicago
| 0 | 0 |
Geraldine Page
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Close Encounters of the Third Kind is a 1977 American science fiction film written and directed by Steven Spielberg, and starring Richard Dreyfuss, Melinda Dillon, Teri Garr, Bob Balaban, Cary Guffey, and François Truffaut."
}
] |
HxGlEExH4k5cf5lYN63M
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "\"I hung my story on the mood the song created, the way it affected me personally.\" During pre-production, the title was changed from Kingdom Come to Close Encounters of the Third Kind."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Legacy",
"text": "Close Encounters of the Third Kind was selected as the #5 Best Sci-Fi Film."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "\"If we can talk to aliens in Close Encounters of the Third Kind\", he said, \"why not with the Reds in the Cold War?\" Sleeping is the final obstacle to overcome in the ascent of Devils Tower."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The title is derived from Ufologist J. Allen Hynek's classification of close encounters with aliens, in which the third kind denotes human observations of aliens or \"animate beings\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Reissues and home media",
"text": "Close Encounters of the Third Kind: The Special Edition was released in August 1980, making a further $15.7 million, accumulating a final $303.7 million box office gross."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "Williams was nominated for two Academy Awards in 1978, one for his score to Star Wars and one for his score to Close Encounters."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Close Encounters of the Third Kind is a 1977 American science fiction film written and directed by Steven Spielberg, and starring Richard Dreyfuss, Melinda Dillon, Teri Garr, Bob Balaban, Cary Guffey, and François Truffaut."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "He won for Star Wars, though he later won two Grammy Awards in 1979 for his Close Encounters score (one for Best Original Film Score and one for Best Instrumental Composition for \"Theme from Close Encounters\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "\" Schrader continued: \"One day he has an encounter."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "Unusually in filmmaking, Spielberg carried enough influence to maintain creative control over the film's entire branding and asked Perri to design the advertising campaign and title sequence for Close Encounters based on his logo."
}
] |
Close Encounters of the Third Kind is based on a true story.
| 0 | 0 |
Close Encounters of the Third Kind
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William Louis Veeck Jr. (; February 9, 1914 – January 2, 1986), also known as \"Sport Shirt\", was an American Major League Baseball franchise owner and promoter."
}
] |
HzoU8WIiN58KSmEEUFyh
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Veeck was at various times the owner of the Cleveland Indians, St. Louis Browns and Chicago White Sox."
},
{
"section_header": "Franchise owner | Major League Baseball | St. Louis Browns",
"text": "After marrying Mary Frances Ackerman, Veeck bought an 80% stake in the St. Louis Browns in 1951."
},
{
"section_header": "Franchise owner | Major League Baseball | St. Louis Browns",
"text": "Reluctantly, he decided to cede St. Louis to the Cardinals and move the Browns elsewhere."
},
{
"section_header": "Franchise owner | Major League Baseball | St. Louis Browns",
"text": "St. Louis was known to want the team to stay, so some in St. Louis campaigned for the removal of Veeck."
},
{
"section_header": "Franchise owner | Major League Baseball | Cleveland Indians",
"text": "Joseph Thomas Moore wrote in his biography of Larry Doby, \"Bill Veeck planned to buy the Philadelphia Phillies with the as yet unannounced intention of breaking that color line.\" In 1946, Veeck became the owner of a major league team, the Cleveland Indians."
},
{
"section_header": "Franchise owner | Major League Baseball | St. Louis Browns",
"text": "Ironically the Cardinals had been the Browns' tenants since 1920, even though they had long since passed the Browns as St. Louis' favorite team."
},
{
"section_header": "Franchise owner | Major League Baseball | Chicago White Sox",
"text": "However Los Angeles Dodgers owner Walter O'Malley was not willing to compete with a team owned by Veeck, even if he would only be a minority partner."
},
{
"section_header": "Franchise owner | Major League Baseball | Cleveland Indians",
"text": "As soon as he could, Bill Veeck got rid of those three\", Doby said."
},
{
"section_header": "Franchise owner | Major League Baseball | Cleveland Indians",
"text": "Although Veeck had become extremely popular, an attempt in 1947 to trade Boudreau to the St. Louis Browns led to mass protests and petitions supporting Boudreau."
},
{
"section_header": "Franchise owner | Major League Baseball | St. Louis Browns",
"text": "Under major league rules of the time, the Braves held the major league rights to Milwaukee."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William Louis Veeck Jr. (; February 9, 1914 – January 2, 1986), also known as \"Sport Shirt\", was an American Major League Baseball franchise owner and promoter."
}
] |
Bill Veeck a.k.a. "Sporty Spice" owned the Cleveland Indians, St. Louis Browns and Chicago White Sox at different times.
| 0 | 0 |
Bill Veeck
|
NOCAT
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Rise to power (1556–1584) | Death of Nobunaga",
"text": "In late June 1582, Ieyasu was near Osaka and far from his own territory when he learned that Nobunaga had been killed at the Honnō-ji Temple by Akechi Mitsuhide, one of his retainers."
}
] |
I01ZR8QMCnTcgwmAxDeH
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "The Sekigahara Campaign (1598–1603)",
"text": "They attempted to kill Mitsunari but he fled and gained protection from none other than Ieyasu himself."
},
{
"section_header": "Shōgun (1603–1605)",
"text": "The Tokugawa shogunate would rule Japan for the next 260 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Ieyasu's character",
"text": "He allied with the Late Hōjō clan; then he joined Hideyoshi's army of conquest, which destroyed the Hōjō; and he himself took over their lands."
},
{
"section_header": "The Sekigahara Campaign (1598–1603)",
"text": "The Western bloc was crushed and over the next few days Ishida Mitsunari and many other western nobles were captured and killed."
},
{
"section_header": "Shōgun (1603–1605)",
"text": "As shōgun, he used his remaining years to create and solidify the Tokugawa shogunate, which ushered in the Edo period, and was the third shogunal government (after the Kamakura (Minamoto) and the Ashikaga)."
},
{
"section_header": "Ieyasu and Hideyoshi (1584–1598)",
"text": "Bowing to the overwhelming power of the Toyotomi army, the Hōjō accepted defeat, the top Hōjō leaders killed themselves and Ieyasu marched in and took control of their provinces, so ending the clan's reign of over 100 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Ieyasu and Hideyoshi (1584–1598)",
"text": "Hideyoshi was understandably distrustful of Ieyasu, and five years passed before they fought as allies."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise to power (1556–1584) | Death of Nobunaga",
"text": "Ieyasu did not take a side in this conflict, building on his reputation for both caution and wisdom."
},
{
"section_header": "Ieyasu and Hideyoshi (1584–1598)",
"text": "He himself occupied the castle town of Edo in Kantō."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He implemented a set of careful rules known as the bakuhan system, designed to keep the daimyos and samurai in check under the Tokugawa Shogunate."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise to power (1556–1584) | Death of Nobunaga",
"text": "In late June 1582, Ieyasu was near Osaka and far from his own territory when he learned that Nobunaga had been killed at the Honnō-ji Temple by Akechi Mitsuhide, one of his retainers."
}
] |
Ieyasu Tokugawa killed the previous Shogun himself before taking over.
| 3 | 7 |
Tokugawa Ieyasu
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Despite this happy ending typical of Shakespeare's comedies and romances, the impression of the unjust death of young prince"
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "As the play ends, Perdita and Florizel are engaged, and the whole company celebrates the miracle."
}
] |
I02X07mc8NfoPyyCSXWq
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Winter's Tale is a play by William Shakespeare originally published in the First Folio of 1623."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history",
"text": "Winter's Tale was not revived during the Restoration, unlike many other Shakespearean plays."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Despite this happy ending typical of Shakespeare's comedies and romances, the impression of the unjust death of young prince"
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "As the play ends, Perdita and Florizel are engaged, and the whole company celebrates the miracle."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Title of the play",
"text": "A play called \"The Winter's Tale\" would immediately indicate to contemporary audiences that the work would present an \"idle tale\", an old wives' tale not intended to be realistic and offering the promise of a happy ending."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "The sight of his wife's form makes Leontes distraught, but then, to everyone's amazement, the statue shows signs of vitality; it is Hermione, restored to life."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history",
"text": "The Royal Shakespeare Company Theatre Delicatessen also staged productions of The Winter's Tale in 2009."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Title of the play",
"text": "The title may have been inspired by George Peele's play The Old Wives' Tale of 1590, in which a storyteller tells \"a merry winter's tale\" of a missing daughter."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Title of the play",
"text": "However, early in The Winter's Tale, the royal heir, Mamillius, warns that \"a sad tale's best for winter\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Winter's Tale was revived again in the 19th century, when the fourth \"pastoral\" act was widely popular."
}
] |
The Winter's Tale is a play by William Shakespeare that is about friendship, jealousy, unjust death, paranoia, and love ending in a miracle of restored life.
| 0 | 0 |
The Winter's Tale
|
Popular Culture
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "The film is noted for having an ensemble cast, and some of the cast and their respective characters include: Elijah Wood as Frodo Baggins: A young hobbit who inherits the One Ring from his uncle Bilbo."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film features an ensemble cast including Elijah Wood, Ian McKellen, Liv Tyler, Viggo Mortensen, Sean Astin, Cate Blanchett, John Rhys-Davies, Billy Boyd, Dominic Monaghan, Orlando Bloom, Christopher Lee, Hugo Weaving, Sean Bean, Ian Holm, and Andy Serkis."
}
] |
I0MeE102Rr2TcgFRysXz
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring is a 2001 epic fantasy adventure film directed by Peter Jackson, based on the first volume of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "The film is noted for having an ensemble cast, and some of the cast and their respective characters include: Elijah Wood as Frodo Baggins: A young hobbit who inherits the One Ring from his uncle Bilbo."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film is the first instalment in The Lord of the Rings trilogy."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "The Fellowship of the Ring was released on 19 December 2001 in 3,359 cinemas where it grossed $47.2 million on its opening weekend."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Score",
"text": "The musical score for The Lord of the Rings films was composed by Howard Shore."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "The Fellowship of the Ring was acknowledged as the second best film in the fantasy genre."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Fellowship of the Ring is widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential films ever made."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The website's critics consensus reads, \"Full of eye-popping special effects, and featuring a pitch-perfect cast, The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring brings J.R.R. Tolkien's classic to vivid life."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Special effects",
"text": "Elijah Wood and Ian McKellen were filmed in separate versions of the same corridor, built at two different scales, and a fast camera pan conceals the edit between the two."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Set in Middle-earth, the story tells of the Dark Lord Sauron, who seeks the One Ring."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film features an ensemble cast including Elijah Wood, Ian McKellen, Liv Tyler, Viggo Mortensen, Sean Astin, Cate Blanchett, John Rhys-Davies, Billy Boyd, Dominic Monaghan, Orlando Bloom, Christopher Lee, Hugo Weaving, Sean Bean, Ian Holm, and Andy Serkis."
}
] |
The 2001 film The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring stars Elijah Wood.
| 2 | 6 |
The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring
|
Science
| 8 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the lightest halogen and exists as a highly toxic pale yellow diatomic gas at standard conditions."
}
] |
I0UsFyIqfjVNCAdFbERQ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Characteristics | Phases",
"text": "The transition from β- to α-fluorine is more exothermic than the condensation of fluorine, and can be violent."
},
{
"section_header": "Industrial applications",
"text": "Fluorine is used to fluorinate uranium tetrafluoride, itself formed from uranium dioxide and hydrofluoric acid."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Elemental fluorine and virtually all fluorine compounds are produced from hydrogen fluoride or its aqueous solutions, hydrofluoric acid."
},
{
"section_header": "Occurrence | Earth",
"text": "Elemental fluorine does not occur naturally."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Isolation",
"text": "Initial studies on fluorine were so dangerous that several 19th-century experimenters were deemed \"fluorine martyrs\" after misfortunes with hydrofluoric acid."
},
{
"section_header": "Characteristics | Phases",
"text": "Fluorine has two solid forms, α-"
},
{
"section_header": "Occurrence | Earth",
"text": "Other minerals such as topaz contain fluorine."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Owing to the expense of refining pure fluorine, most commercial applications use fluorine compounds, with about half of mined fluorite used in steelmaking."
},
{
"section_header": "Industrial applications | Organic fluorides",
"text": "Electrochemical fluorination subjects hydrocarbons to electrolysis in hydrogen fluoride, and the Fowler process treats them with solid fluorine carriers like cobalt trifluoride."
},
{
"section_header": "Compounds | Other reactive nonmetals",
"text": "Many of them are powerful sources of fluorine atoms, and industrial applications using chlorine trifluoride require precautions similar to those using fluorine."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the lightest halogen and exists as a highly toxic pale yellow diatomic gas at standard conditions."
}
] |
Fluorine is colorless.
| 2 | 9 |
Fluorine
|
Music
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Raised in the Louisiana towns of Delhi and Richland Parish, McGraw grew up believing his stepfather, Horace Smith, was his father and until he met his biological father,"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "McGraw's last name was Smith."
}
] |
I0WbnsscRkcKUXCSZqGl
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2000s | Tim McGraw and the Dancehall Doctors",
"text": "Their lineup includes: Darran Smith – lead guitar, acoustic guitar"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "McGraw's last name was Smith."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1990s | Tim McGraw",
"text": "Three more singles were released from Tim McGraw: \"Welcome to the Club\", \"Memory Lane\", and \"Two Steppin' Mind\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Charitable efforts",
"text": "This tour-within-a-tour became known as \"The Bread and Water Tour\", and all proceeds from the show would go to a charity from that community."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2000s | Tim McGraw and the Dancehall Doctors",
"text": "In 2002, McGraw bucked country music traditions by recording his seventh studio album Tim McGraw and the Dancehall Doctors with his tour band The Dancehall Doctors."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Raised in the Louisiana towns of Delhi and Richland Parish, McGraw grew up believing his stepfather, Horace Smith, was his father and until he met his biological father,"
},
{
"section_header": "Discography | Studio albums",
"text": "Tim McGraw (1993) Not a Moment"
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1990s | Tim McGraw",
"text": "McGraw made his debut with the single"
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1990s | Tim McGraw",
"text": "McGraw came to the attention of Curb Records in 1990."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1990s | Tim McGraw",
"text": "After cutting a demo single, McGraw gave a copy to his father."
}
] |
McGraw was formerly known as Tim Smith.
| 2 | 7 |
Tim McGraw
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Supporters, hooliganism and rivalries | Rivalries",
"text": "West Ham have strong rivalries with several other clubs."
},
{
"section_header": "Supporters, hooliganism and rivalries | Rivalries",
"text": "Most of these are with other London clubs, especially with Tottenham Hotspur in an East versus North London derby and with Chelsea in an East versus West London rivalry."
}
] |
I0WeCtDYxcuamtY7wfWL
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Former players | West Ham dream team",
"text": "In the 2003 book The Official West Ham United Dream Team, 500 fans were quizzed for who would be in their all time Hammers Eleven."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "The Official West Ham United Dream Team."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Birth of West Ham United (1901–1961)",
"text": "West Ham's first game in their new home was against fierce rivals Millwall (themselves an Ironworks team, albeit for a rival company) drawing a crowd of 10,000 and with West Ham running out 3–0 winners, and as the Daily Mirror wrote on 2 September 1904, \"Favoured by the weather turning fine after heavy rains of the morning, West Ham United began their season most auspiciously yesterday evening; when they beat Millwall by 3 goals to 0 on their new enclosure at Upton Park.\" In 1919, still under King's leadership, West Ham gained entrance to the Football League Second Division, their first game being a 1–1 draw with Lincoln City, and were promoted to Division One in 1923, also making it to the first ever FA Cup Final to be held at the old Wembley stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Supporters, hooliganism and rivalries | Rivalries",
"text": "West Ham have strong rivalries with several other clubs."
},
{
"section_header": "Supporters, hooliganism and rivalries | Rivalries",
"text": "Since the 2006–07 Premier League season, West Ham have developed a strong rivalry with Yorkshire club Sheffield United due to the dubious circumstances surrounding the transfer of Carlos Tevez, who helped West Ham avoid relegation at Sheffield United's expense."
},
{
"section_header": "Supporters, hooliganism and rivalries | Rivalries",
"text": "The two sides are local rivals, having both formed originally around local companies, with players living in the same localities."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Birth of West Ham United (1901–1961)",
"text": "He was replaced with his assistant manager Charlie Paynter, who himself had been with West Ham in a number of roles since 1897 and who went on to serve the team in this role until 1950 for a total of 480 games."
},
{
"section_header": "Crest | Thames Ironworks FC",
"text": "The Thames Ironworks Team (1895–1900) used the Union Flag as its badge."
},
{
"section_header": "Supporters, hooliganism and rivalries | Rivalries",
"text": "The early history of both clubs are intertwined, with West Ham proving to be the more successful in a number of meetings between the two teams at the time, resulting in West Ham being promoted at the expense of Millwall."
},
{
"section_header": "Supporters, hooliganism and rivalries | Rivalries",
"text": "The rivalry between West Ham and Millwall has involved considerable violence and is one of the most notorious within the world of football hooliganism."
},
{
"section_header": "Supporters, hooliganism and rivalries | Rivalries",
"text": "Most of these are with other London clubs, especially with Tottenham Hotspur in an East versus North London derby and with Chelsea in an East versus West London rivalry."
}
] |
West Ham United F.C. has rivalries with other teams of the same city.
| 0 | 0 |
West Ham United F.C.
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | FIFA World Cup",
"text": "The national team is one of eight national teams to have won at least one FIFA World Cup title."
}
] |
I0YP4pjIYVciPeGY301K
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The England national football team represents England in men's international football and is governed by The Football Association, the governing body for football in England."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "England is the oldest national team in football."
},
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | FIFA World Cup",
"text": "The national team is one of eight national teams to have won at least one FIFA World Cup title."
},
{
"section_header": "Team image | Crest",
"text": "The motif of the England national football team has three lions passant guardant, the emblem of King Richard I, who reigned from 1189 to 1199."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years",
"text": "The England national football team is the joint-oldest in the world; it was formed at the same time as Scotland."
},
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | FIFA World Cup",
"text": "The England team won their first and only World Cup title in 1966."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years",
"text": "This match, played at Hamilton Crescent in Scotland, is viewed as the first official international football match, because the two teams were independently selected and operated, rather than being the work of a single football association."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "They played in the world's first international football match in 1872, against Scotland."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "England, as a country of the United Kingdom, is not a member of the International Olympic Committee and therefore the national team does not compete at the Olympic Games."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years",
"text": "A return fixture was organised by representatives of Scottish football teams on 30 November 1872."
}
] |
The England national football team has never won a World Cup and is an international football team.
| 0 | 0 |
England national football team
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His expeditions, sponsored by the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, were the first European contact with the Caribbean, Central America, and South America."
}
] |
I0k3dN9Vdxidvc4C4cyF
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He went to sea at a young age and travelled widely, as far north as the British Isles (and possibly Iceland) and as far south as what is now Ghana."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His expeditions, sponsored by the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, were the first European contact with the Caribbean, Central America, and South America."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Columbus made three further voyages to the New World, exploring the Lesser Antilles in 1493, Trinidad and the northern coast of South America in 1498, and the eastern coast of Central America in 1502."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Christopher Columbus (; Ligurian: Cristoffa Corombo; Italian: Cristoforo Colombo; Spanish: Cristóbal Colón; before 31 October 1451 – 20 May 1506) was an Italian explorer and navigator who completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean, opening the way for European exploration and colonization of the Americas."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Discoverer | America as a distinct land",
"text": "He also rationalized that the new continent of South America was the \"Earthly Paradise\" that was located \"at the end of the Orient\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Voyages | Third voyage",
"text": "He then touched the mainland of South America at the Paria Peninsula."
},
{
"section_header": "Commemoration",
"text": "The name Columbia for \"America\" first appeared in a 1738 weekly publication of the debates of the British Parliament."
},
{
"section_header": "Commemoration",
"text": "The World Columbian Exposition in Chicago, 1893, commemorated the 400th anniversary of the landing of Christopher Columbus in the Americas."
},
{
"section_header": "Voyages | Third voyage",
"text": "Three of the ships headed directly for Hispaniola with much-needed supplies, while Columbus took the other three in an exploration of what might lie to the south of the Caribbean islands he had already visited, including a hoped-for passage to continental Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Discoverer | America as a distinct land",
"text": "The term \"pre-Columbian\" is usually used to refer to the peoples and cultures of the Americas before the arrival of Columbus and his European successors."
}
] |
Italian explorer Christopher Columbus went to the Caribbean, Central America, South America, Ghana and the British Isles.
| 0 | 0 |
Christopher Columbus
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "One of the most important figures in 20th-century musical theatre, Sondheim has been praised for having “reinvented the American musical\" with shows that tackle \"unexpected themes that range far beyond the [genre's] traditional subjects\" with \"music and lyrics of unprecedented complexity and sophistication.\" His shows have been acclaimed for addressing \"darker, more harrowing elements of the human experience,\" with songs often tinged with \"ambivalence\" about various aspects of life."
}
] |
I0ncfjdTtYgSboWFyg6G
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Early Broadway success",
"text": "Initially Bernstein was also credited as a co-writer of the lyrics; later, however, Bernstein offered Sondheim solo credit, as Sondheim had essentially done all of them."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stephen Joshua Sondheim (; born March 22, 1930) is an American composer and lyricist known for his work in musical theatre."
},
{
"section_header": "As composer and lyricist | Broadway failures and other projects",
"text": "The Mad Show. The song was credited to \"Esteban Ria Nido\", Spanish for \"Stephen River Nest\", and in the show's playbill the lyrics were credited to \"Nom De Plume\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early Broadway success",
"text": "Bernstein suggested evening the percentage at two percent each, but Sondheim refused because he was satisfied just getting the credit."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "One of the most important figures in 20th-century musical theatre, Sondheim has been praised for having “reinvented the American musical\" with shows that tackle \"unexpected themes that range far beyond the [genre's] traditional subjects\" with \"music and lyrics of unprecedented complexity and sophistication.\" His shows have been acclaimed for addressing \"darker, more harrowing elements of the human experience,\" with songs often tinged with \"ambivalence\" about various aspects of life."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "Sweeney Todd (Best New Musical, 1980) Follies (Best New Musical, 1987) Candide (Best New Musical, 1988) Sunday in the Park with George (Best New Musical, 1991) Sweeney Todd (Best New Musical, 1980) Follies (Best New Musical, 1987) Candide (Best New Musical, 1988) Sunday in the Park with George (Best New Musical, 1991) Merrily We Roll Along (Best New Musical, 2001) Hutchinson Prize for Music Composition (1950) Elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters (1983) Pulitzer Prize for Drama for Sunday in the Park with George (1985, shared with James Lapine) Kennedy Center Honors, Lifetime Achievement (1993) Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement (2005) Algur H. Meadows Award from Southern Methodist University (1994) Special Laurence Olivier Award (2011) \" in recognition of his contribution to London theatre\" Critics' Circle Theatre Award (March 2012): According to drama section chair Mark Shenton, \"what is effectively a lifetime achievement award\" Member of the American Theater Hall of Fame (2014) In November 2015, Sondheim was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama in a ceremony at the White House."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style",
"text": "Sondheim agreed, and despite frequent dissonance and a highly-chromatic style, his music is tonal."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style",
"text": "His musical influences are varied; although he has said that he \"loves Bach\", his favorite musical period is from Brahms to Stravinsky."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors | Sondheim at 80",
"text": "The evening included a performance of Sondheim on Sondheim, dinner and a show at the New York Sheraton. \" A very personal star-studded musical tribute\" featured new songs by contemporary musical-theatre writers."
},
{
"section_header": "As composer and lyricist | Conversations with Frank Rich and others",
"text": "What musicals does Sondheim admire the most?"
}
] |
Sondheim has been credited for inventing the American musical.
| 1 | 3 |
Stephen Sondheim
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Atlantic Charter was a statement issued on 14 August 1941 that set out American and British goals for the world after the end of World War II."
}
] |
I1MC9ygzpKOYf8QiX8Tv
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Origin",
"text": "It was assumed at the time that Britain and America would have an equal role to play in any post-war international organization that would be based on the principles of the Atlantic Charter."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact on Axis powers",
"text": "In Tokyo, the Atlantic Charter rallied support for the militarists in the Japanese government, which pushed for a more aggressive approach against the United States and Britain."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin of name",
"text": "When it was released to the public, the charter was titled \"Joint Declaration by the President and the Prime Minister\" and was generally known as the \"Joint Declaration.\" The Labour Party newspaper Daily Herald coined the name Atlantic Charter, but Churchill used it in Parliament on 24 August 1941, which has since been generally adopted."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin",
"text": "Roosevelt's attempts to tie Britain to concrete war aims and Churchill's desperation to bind the US to the war effort helped provide motivations for the meeting which produced the Atlantic Charter."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "\" Peace Planning and the Atlantic Charter\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact on imperial powers and imperial ambitions | British Empire",
"text": "The acknowledgement that all people had a right to self-determination gave hope to independence leaders in British colonies."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin of name",
"text": "He later said, \"There isn't any copy of the Atlantic Charter, so far as I know."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "The Atlantic Charter. Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK: Palgrave Macmillan."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Atlantic Charter inspired several other international agreements and events that followed the end of the war."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin",
"text": "The policy was issued as a statement; as such there was no formal, legal document entitled \"The Atlantic Charter\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Atlantic Charter was a statement issued on 14 August 1941 that set out American and British goals for the world after the end of World War II."
}
] |
The leaders of the US and Great Britain appointed the Atlantic Charter in the 1940s.
| 1 | 1 |
Atlantic Charter
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "During a 21-year baseball career, he played for four different teams as a center and right fielder, spending most of his career with the Montreal Expos (1976–1986) and Chicago Cubs (1987–1992)."
}
] |
I1X4W0MRLpcB3DLhLXFt
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Andre Nolan Dawson (born July 10, 1954), nicknamed \"The Hawk\" and \"Awesome Dawson\", is an American former professional baseball player and inductee into the Baseball Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame",
"text": "Cubs teammate Ryne Sandberg campaigned for Dawson's induction during his speech at his own Hall of Fame induction ceremony in 2005: \"No player in baseball history worked harder, suffered more or did it better than Andre Dawson."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Montreal Expos",
"text": "As of 2019, Dawson, Willie McCovey, Jeff King, Alex Rodriguez, and Edwin Encarnacion are the only five players who had hit two home runs in one inning twice."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Accomplishments",
"text": "In 2019, Dawson was inducted into the National College Baseball Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Nickname",
"text": "Andre used to work out with a men's team that would hit him ground balls at practice."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Montreal Expos",
"text": "During his Expo days, Dawson hit two home runs in the same inning twice: at Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium against the Atlanta Braves on July 30, 1978 and at Wrigley Field against his future team, the Chicago Cubs, on September 24, 1985."
},
{
"section_header": "Nickname",
"text": "Andre's uncle told him that most kids his age would shy away from the ball, but Andre attacked the ball like a hawk."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dawson was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame on July 25, 2010."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Montreal Expos",
"text": "In 1984 Dawson appeared in The Cap, a short film about a young boy living in Montreal that was given a baseball cap by Dawson."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Montreal Expos",
"text": "Dawson was selected by the Expos in the 11th round (pick #250) of the 1975 Major League Baseball draft."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "During a 21-year baseball career, he played for four different teams as a center and right fielder, spending most of his career with the Montreal Expos (1976–1986) and Chicago Cubs (1987–1992)."
}
] |
Andre Dawson had a career in baseball spanning a decade.
| 0 | 1 |
Andre Dawson
|
Geography
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Race and ethnicity",
"text": "According to the National Research by Household Sample (PNAD) of 2008, 48.43% of the population (about 92 million) described themselves as White; 43.80% (about 83 million) as Pardo (brown), 6.84% (about 13 million) as Black; 0.58% (about 1.1 million) as Asian; and 0.28% (about 536 thousand) as Amerindian (officially called indígena, Indigenous), while 0.07% (about 130 thousand) did not declare their race."
}
] |
I2Bi3defMTiRiMNjXnJX
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "Religion in Brazil was formed from the meeting of the Catholic Church with the religious traditions of enslaved African peoples and indigenous peoples.."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "Corruption costs Brazil almost $41 billion a year alone in 2010, with 69.9% of the country's firms identifying the issue as a major constraint in successfully penetrating the global market."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Race and ethnicity",
"text": "Brazil is believed to have the largest number of uncontacted peoples in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At 8.5 million square kilometers (3.2 million square miles) and with over 211 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area and the sixth most populous."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Race and ethnicity",
"text": "evenly mixed and European ancestry is dominant in Whites and pardos with a significant non-European contribution, but the individual variation is great).The brown population (officially called pardo in Portuguese, also colloquially moreno) is a broad category that includes caboclos (assimilated Amerindians in general, and descendants of Whites and Natives), mulatos (descendants of primarily Whites and Afro-Brazilians) and cafuzos (descendants of Afro-Brazilians and Natives)."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Race and ethnicity",
"text": "About five million people from over 60 countries migrated to Brazil between 1808 and 1972, most of them of Portuguese, Italian, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Polish, Jewish, Russian, Chinese, Japanese, and Arab origin.."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Race and ethnicity",
"text": "Socioeconomic factors are also significant, because a minority of pardos are likely to start declaring themselves White or Black if socially upward."
},
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure | Education",
"text": "According to the IBGE, in 2011, the literacy rate of the population was 90.4%, meaning that 13 million (9.6% of population) people are still illiterate in the country; functional illiteracy has reached 21.6% of the population."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Pre-Cabraline era",
"text": "The Tupí people were subdivided into the Tupiniquins and Tupinambás, and there were also many subdivisions of the other groups."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Tourism",
"text": "In 2006 direct employment in the sector reached 1.9 million people."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Race and ethnicity",
"text": "According to the National Research by Household Sample (PNAD) of 2008, 48.43% of the population (about 92 million) described themselves as White; 43.80% (about 83 million) as Pardo (brown), 6.84% (about 13 million) as Black; 0.58% (about 1.1 million) as Asian; and 0.28% (about 536 thousand) as Amerindian (officially called indígena, Indigenous), while 0.07% (about 130 thousand) did not declare their race."
}
] |
In the country Brazil most people identify as white.
| 2 | 3 |
Brazil
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sean Justin Penn (born August 17, 1960) is an American actor, director, screenwriter, and producer."
}
] |
I32NuDNCTrWQ6fJZXFkk
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Writing",
"text": "In March 2018, Atria Books published Penn's novel Bob Honey"
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | El Chapo interview",
"text": "According to published text messages with del Castillo, Guzmán did not know who Sean Penn was."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sean Justin Penn (born August 17, 1960) is an American actor, director, screenwriter, and producer."
},
{
"section_header": "Political views and activism | Criticism of President Bush",
"text": "\"Sean is one of the few,\" remarked his ex-wife Madonna."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Falkland Islands controversy",
"text": "Falklands War veteran and political activist Simon Weston stated \"Sean Penn does not know what he is talking about and, frankly, he should shut up."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | El Chapo interview",
"text": "A day after Mexican officials announced the capture of Joaquín \"El Chapo\" Guzmán in a bloody raid, Rolling Stone revealed on January 9, 2016 that Sean Penn, along with actress Kate del Castillo, had conducted a secret interview with El Chapo prior to his arrest."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Lee Daniels lawsuit",
"text": "Thank God we do.\" In an interview published September 16, 2015, director and showrunner Lee Daniels responded to criticism about Terrence Howard's continued career in light of his domestic violence issues by referencing Penn's rumored history of domestic violence, saying: \"[Terrence] ain't done nothing different than Marlon Brando or Sean Penn, and all of a sudden"
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Falkland Islands controversy",
"text": "His [Penn's] views are irrelevant and it only serves to fuel the fire of the Argentinians and get them more pumped up\" while British Conservative MP Patrick Mercer dismissed Penn's statement as \"moronic.\" Lauren Collins of The New Yorker wrote: \"As of today, Sean Penn is the new Karl Lagerfeld—the man upon whom, having disrespected something dear to the United Kingdom, the British papers most gleefully pile"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Penn was born in Santa Monica, California, to actor and director Leo Penn, and actress Eileen Ryan (née Annucci)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His older brother is musician Michael Penn."
}
] |
Sean Penn passed away in 2018.
| 0 | 0 |
Sean Penn
|
Science
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A third of the genera occur as parasites of vertebrates; about 35 nematode species occur in humans."
}
] |
I3NISsmApTjmmaDuUQmZ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A third of the genera occur as parasites of vertebrates; about 35 nematode species occur in humans."
},
{
"section_header": "Parasitic species",
"text": "The species Trichinella spiralis, commonly known as the 'trichina worm', occurs in rats, pigs, bears, and humans, and is responsible for the disease trichinosis."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The location of towns would be decipherable since, for every massing of human beings, there would be a corresponding massing of certain nematodes."
},
{
"section_header": "Epidemiology",
"text": "A number of intestinal nematodes cause diseases affecting human beings, including ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm disease."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The roughly 2,271 genera are placed in 256 families."
},
{
"section_header": "Parasitic species",
"text": "In contrast, entomopathogenic nematodes parasitize insects and are mostly considered beneficial by humans, but some attack beneficial insects."
},
{
"section_header": "Parasitic species",
"text": "Baylisascaris usually infests wild animals, but can be deadly to humans, as well."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy and systematics | Nematode systematics",
"text": "A major effort to improve the systematics of this phylum is in progress and being organised by the 959 Nematode Genomes."
},
{
"section_header": "Parasitic species",
"text": "Nematodes that commonly parasitise humans include ascarids (Ascaris), filarias, hookworms, pinworms (Enterobius), and whipworms (Trichuris trichiura)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Greek: Νηματώδη; Latin: Nematoda) or roundworms constitute the phylum Nematoda (also called Nemathelminthes), with plant-parasitic nematodes being known as eelworms."
}
] |
Roughly, 35 nematode species occur in human beings.
| 0 | 6 |
Nematoda
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Rigveda (Sanskrit: ऋग्वेदः ṛgvedaḥ, from ṛc \"praise\" and veda \"knowledge\") is an ancient Indian collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns."
}
] |
I3mkmNlDZZOdqmnF6KxO
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Text | Collection and organisation",
"text": "BC.The surviving form of the Rigveda is based on an early Iron Age collection that established the core 'family books' (mandalas 2–7, ordered by author, deity and meter) and a later redaction, coeval with the redaction of the other Vedas, dating several centuries after the hymns were composed."
},
{
"section_header": "Text | Collection and organisation",
"text": "This collection was an effort to reconcile various factions in the clans which were united in the Kuru kingdom under a Bharata king."
},
{
"section_header": "Text | Collection and organisation",
"text": "This collection was re-arranged and expanded in the Kuru Kingdom, reflecting the establishment of a new Bharata-Puru lineage and new srauta rituals."
},
{
"section_header": "Text | Collection and organisation",
"text": "According to Witzel, the initial collection took place after the Bharata victory in the Battle of the Ten Kings, under king Sudās, over other Puru kings."
},
{
"section_header": "Text | Collection and organisation",
"text": "The Rigveda was codified by compiling the hymns, including the arrangement of the individual hymns in ten books, coeval with the composition of the younger Veda Samhitas."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Rigveda (Sanskrit: ऋग्वेदः ṛgvedaḥ, from ṛc \"praise\" and veda \"knowledge\") is an ancient Indian collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Rigveda Samhita is the core text, and is a collection of 10 books (maṇḍalas) with 1,028 hymns (sūktas) in about 10,600 verses (called ṛc, eponymous of the name Rigveda)."
},
{
"section_header": "Text | Collection and organisation",
"text": "The codification of the Rigveda took place late in the Rigvedic or rather in the early post-Rigvedic period at ca."
},
{
"section_header": "Text | Manuscripts | Versions",
"text": "The oldest of the Pune collection is dated to 1464."
},
{
"section_header": "Contents | Hymns",
"text": "The hymns of the Rigveda are in different poetic metres in Vedic Sanskrit."
}
] |
The Rigveda is a collection of hymns.
| 0 | 0 |
Rig Veda
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The novel is divided into four parts: Wave; Argil and Mold; Plant and Phantom; and Wake."
}
] |
I3pbuYsiC6zYGld5UXxO
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part Two - Argil and Mold",
"text": "A doctor is skeptical, but Minetta is sent to a separate tent for mental patients."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part Two - Argil and Mold",
"text": "Roth and Minetta are separated from the rest of the squad, and when they hear gunfire, they assume recon must be in the middle of a firefight."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It became the first popular novel about World War II and is considered one of the greatest English-language novels."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The novel focuses on the experiences of one platoon."
},
{
"section_header": "Main characters",
"text": "He always seems angry throughout the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Main characters",
"text": "Gallagher remains devastated for the rest of the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Main characters",
"text": "In some ways, he is the quiet feminist within the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Main characters",
"text": "He was very nervous throughout the novel and did not trust his own judgment."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Throughout the novel, Mailer dwells on many themes."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "The first death in the novel introduces this theme into the narrative."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The novel is divided into four parts: Wave; Argil and Mold; Plant and Phantom; and Wake."
}
] |
The novel is separated into quarters.
| 1 | 3 |
The Naked and the Dead
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Early Wynn Jr. (January 6, 1920 – April 4, 1999), nicknamed \"Gus\", was an American professional baseball right-handed pitcher."
}
] |
I4LEL8HcsJqDICqS9EKJ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Wynn approached the game with passion, sometimes throwing chairs in frustration after losses."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | 1963: The Pursuit of Win #300",
"text": "Lifted in favor of pinch-hitter Willie Kirkland in the bottom of the inning, Wynn had pitched his last game."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Cleveland Indians (1949–57)",
"text": "On April 18, 1951, Wynn held the Tigers to two runs in 10 innings, earning the win in a 4–2 victory."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | 1963: The Pursuit of Win #300",
"text": "Wynn gave up an RBI single to Jim Fregosi, then got Charlie Dees to line out to shortstop to end the inning."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Washington Senators (1939, 1941–44, 1946–48)",
"text": "On April 27, he threw 13 scoreless innings but received a no decision as Philadelphia defeated the Senators 2–1 in 16 innings."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Cleveland Indians (1949–57)",
"text": "\"Wynn pitched all 11 innings of a game against the White Sox on May 28, allowing two runs as the Indians prevailed 3–2."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Chicago White Sox (1958–62)",
"text": "In Game 4, he kept the Dodgers scoreless for the first two innings but allowed four runs (three earned) in the third inning before getting replaced with two outs by Turk Lown; the Dodgers won that game 5–4, though Wynn had a no-decision."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Washington Senators (1939, 1941–44, 1946–48)",
"text": "In the first game of a doubleheader against the Yankees on September 19, Wynn gave up two runs in 10 innings as the Senators won 3–2."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | 1963: The Pursuit of Win #300",
"text": "\"If I had pitched a good game and gone nine innings, that would be something."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | 1963: The Pursuit of Win #300",
"text": "Following the 300th win, Wynn made just one more start, a 3–2 win over Kansas City on July 27 (though Wynn received a no-decision because he was removed from the game in the fifth inning)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Early Wynn Jr. (January 6, 1920 – April 4, 1999), nicknamed \"Gus\", was an American professional baseball right-handed pitcher."
}
] |
Wynn was sometimes referred to as "Gus" in MLB.
| 3 | 7 |
Early Wynn
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "After his playing days",
"text": "Soon after, he was nearly shot accidentally while quail hunting."
},
{
"section_header": "After his playing days",
"text": "In 1947, while fishing in northern Minnesota, he and his wife were thrown into icy northern Minnesota waters by a storm, but he was back out fishing the next day."
}
] |
I4cC2zvj3W0ZAMYCrQso
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "After his playing days",
"text": "He then survived a gas furnace explosion in his basement."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fred Clifford Clarke (October 3, 1872 – August 14, 1960) was an American Major League Baseball player from 1894 to 1915 and manager from 1897 to 1915."
},
{
"section_header": "After his playing days",
"text": "Fred Clarke was selected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1945 as one of the first to be elected by the Old-Timers Committee."
},
{
"section_header": "After his playing days",
"text": "Soon after, he was nearly shot accidentally while quail hunting."
},
{
"section_header": "After his playing days",
"text": "Fred Clarke died in Winfield at age 87."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "Fred Clarke was born on a farm near Winterset, Iowa."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "As a child in Des Moines, Clarke sold newspapers for the Iowa State Register where his boss was future Baseball Hall of Fame member, Ed Barrow."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Of the nine pennants in Pittsburgh franchise history, Clarke was the player-manager for four of them."
},
{
"section_header": "Pittsburgh",
"text": "In 1900, Clarke joined the Pittsburgh Pirates as a player and manager, roles he would embrace until his retirement in 1915."
},
{
"section_header": "Pittsburgh",
"text": "Clarke also set a record for most walks for one player in a World Series game with four in Game 7."
},
{
"section_header": "After his playing days",
"text": "In 1947, while fishing in northern Minnesota, he and his wife were thrown into icy northern Minnesota waters by a storm, but he was back out fishing the next day."
}
] |
American baseball player Fred Clarke survived a boating accident, being shot and an explosion.
| 0 | 3 |
Fred Clarke
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "It then jumps back in time to a point before his departure for England and works its way forward to describe how Obi ended up on trial."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The novel begins with the trial of Obi Okonkwo on the charge of accepting a bribe."
}
] |
I4ufPPJfN3ScpNRDQXrm
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "However, some reviewers felt that Achebe's attention to detail in setting was executed at the expense of fully fleshing out his characters."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "It then jumps back in time to a point before his departure for England and works its way forward to describe how Obi ended up on trial."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "\"No Longer at Ease\" debuted to largely positive reviews."
},
{
"section_header": "Novel's title",
"text": "But no longer at ease here, With an alien people clutching their gods."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "No Longer at Ease is a 1960 novel by Nigerian author Chinua Achebe."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Though set several decades after \"Things Fall Apart\", \"No Longer at Ease\" continues many of the themes from Achebe's first novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Furthermore, Achebe depicts a family continuity between Ogbuefi Okonkwo in \"Things Fall Apart\" and his grandson Obi Okonkwo in \"No Longer at Ease\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The members of the Umuofia Progressive Union (UPU), a group of Umuofia natives who have left their villages to live in major Nigerian cities, have taken up a collection to send Obi to England to study Law, in the hope that he will return to help his people navigate British colonial society, particularly in land cases."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The novel begins with the trial of Obi Okonkwo on the charge of accepting a bribe."
}
] |
No Longer At Ease's main character goes to England.
| 1 | 3 |
No Longer At Ease
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Quebec French: [- kaʁt͡sje]; Breton: Jakez Karter; December 31, 1491 – September 1, 1557) was a French-Breton explorer who claimed what is now Canada for France."
}
] |
I4wwlQCG7T85hyedTO7U
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Cartier was the first to document the name Canada to designate the territory on the shores of the St-Lawrence River."
},
{
"section_header": "First voyage, 1534",
"text": "Cartier returned to France in September 1534, sure that he had reached an Asian land."
},
{
"section_header": "First voyage, 1534",
"text": "On April 20, 1534, Cartier set sail under a commission from the king, hoping to discover a western passage to the wealthy markets of Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "Monuments, remembrances and other art",
"text": "Statuary at his birthplace, Rothéneuf Quebec City, in front of Gabrielle-Roy public library at Palais de la Découverte, Paris by Joseph-Arthur Vincent in Montreal: Place Jacques-Cartier bronze at PEI's Jacques Cartier Provincial Park cast iron sculptures at Gaspe"
},
{
"section_header": "First voyage, 1534",
"text": "In 1534, two years after the Duchy of Brittany was formally united with France in the Edict of Union, Cartier was introduced to King Francis I by Jean Le Veneur, bishop of Saint-Malo and abbot of Mont Saint-Michel, at the Manoir de Brion."
},
{
"section_header": "Monuments, remembrances and other art",
"text": "de Jacques Cartier de Jacques Cartier au Canada en 1534 et 1535"
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Thereafter the name Canada was used to designate the small French colony on these shores, and the French colonists were called Canadiens until the mid-nineteenth century, when the name started to be applied to the loyalist colonies on the Great Lakes and later to all of British North America."
},
{
"section_header": "First voyage, 1534",
"text": "Cartier wrote that they later told him this region where they were captured (Gaspé) was called by them Honguedo."
},
{
"section_header": "Monuments, remembrances and other art",
"text": "C.W. Simpson, Jacques Cartier at Gaspé, 1534 Jean Antoine Théodore de Gudin, Jacques Cartier découvre et remonte le fleuve Saint-Laurent au Canada en 1535"
},
{
"section_header": "Monuments, remembrances and other art",
"text": "Charles Walter Simpson, Saint-Malo, April 1534"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Quebec French: [- kaʁt͡sje]; Breton: Jakez Karter; December 31, 1491 – September 1, 1557) was a French-Breton explorer who claimed what is now Canada for France."
}
] |
Cartier was a fashion designer in Paris in 1534.
| 0 | 0 |
Jacques Cartier
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Daisy Miller is a novel by Henry James that first appeared in Cornhill Magazine in June–July 1878, and in book form the following year."
}
] |
I5C1xekeJXv3MxPwFcnv
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Critical evaluation",
"text": "The story continues to be one of James' most popular works, along with The Turn of the Screw and The Portrait of a Lady."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Daisy Miller is a novel by Henry James that first appeared in Cornhill Magazine in June–July 1878, and in book form the following year."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical evaluation",
"text": "Daisy Miller was an immediate and widespread popular success for James, despite some criticism that the story was \"an outrage on American girlhood\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Derivative works",
"text": "Frederick Raphael wrote the script; the film follows the structure of the original story without significant changes, and even uses portions of James' dialogue from the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Derivative works",
"text": "The novella was adapted in 2017 as a five-part radio drama on BBC Radio 4 for its 15 Minute Drama's \"Love Henry James\" series."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical evaluation",
"text": "In 1909, James revised Daisy Miller extensively for the New York Edition."
},
{
"section_header": "Derivative works",
"text": "In the 1890s, a short walking-skirt called the rainy daisy, supposedly named for Daisy Miller, was introduced."
},
{
"section_header": "Key themes",
"text": "Henry James uses Daisy's story to discuss what he thinks Europeans and Americans believe about each other and more generally the prejudices common in any culture."
},
{
"section_header": "Derivative works",
"text": "A rap adaptation of Daisy Miller appears on Heavy Jamal's album Shining Sky Lobster."
},
{
"section_header": "Derivative works",
"text": "James converted his story into a play that failed to be produced."
}
] |
Daisy Miller is a novel by James Henry and is one of James' most popular works.
| 2 | 6 |
Daisy Miller
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Les Misérables (, French: [le mizeʁabl(ə)]) is a French historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published in 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century."
}
] |
I5ddakN02Hz4hgCGfLG1
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Les Misérables has been popularized through numerous adaptations for film, television and the stage, including a musical."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Les Misérables (, French: [le mizeʁabl(ə)]) is a French historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published in 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "ISBN 978-0141393599 Since its original publication, Les Misérables has been the subject of a large number of adaptations in numerous types of media, such as books, films, musicals, plays and games."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The 1978 television film adaptation, starring Richard Jordan and Anthony Perkins."
},
{
"section_header": "Contemporary reception",
"text": "The appearance of the novel was a highly anticipated event as Victor Hugo was considered one of France's foremost poets in the middle of the nineteenth century."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The 1958 film adaptation directed by Jean-Paul Le Chanois, with an international cast starring Jean Gabin, Bernard Blier, and Bourvil."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Notable examples of these adaptations include: The 1935 film directed by Richard Boleslawski, starring Fredric March and Charles Laughton, nominated for Best Picture, Best Film Editing, Best Assistant Director at 8th Academy Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The 2012 film of the musical, starring Hugh Jackman, Russell Crowe, Anne Hathaway and Amanda Seyfried."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Sequels",
"text": "Laura Kalpakian's Cosette: The Sequel to Les Misérables was published in 1995."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The 1952 film adaptation directed by Lewis Milestone, starring Michael Rennie and Robert Newton."
}
] |
Les Misérables is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century, and has been popularized through numerous adaptations for film, television and the stage, including a musical.
| 0 | 0 |
Les Misérables
|
Technology
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Yandex N.V. (; Russian: Яндекс, IPA: [ˈjandəks]) is a Russian multinational corporation specializing in Internet-related products and services, including transportation, search and information services, eCommerce, navigation, mobile applications, and online advertising."
}
] |
I68AC2qV5lsfRAgvNbbz
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 1990s",
"text": "Yandex traces its roots to 1990, when Arkady Volozh and Arkady Borkovsky founded Arkadia, a company that developed MS-DOS software for use in patents and goods classification."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1990s",
"text": "In 2000, Yandex was incorporated as a standalone company by Arkady Volozh."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2010s",
"text": "In December 2015, Yandex acquired Agnitum, an Internet security company."
},
{
"section_header": "Offices",
"text": "Yandex Labs was opened in Silicon Valley in 2008, and also in Istanbul in 2011.The company"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Yandex has invested in companies including Vizi Labs, Face.com, Blekko, Seismotech, Multiship, SalesPredict, and Doc+."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2010s",
"text": "The company was acquired by Facebook in 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2010s",
"text": "The company also opened an office in Istanbul."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The company has 18 commercial offices worldwide."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2000s",
"text": "The company became profitable in November 2002."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The company founders and most of the team members are located in Russia."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Yandex N.V. (; Russian: Яндекс, IPA: [ˈjandəks]) is a Russian multinational corporation specializing in Internet-related products and services, including transportation, search and information services, eCommerce, navigation, mobile applications, and online advertising."
}
] |
Yandex is a company leading in oil and petroleum goods.
| 2 | 8 |
Yandex
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It purports to be the true account of the life of the eponymous Moll, detailing her exploits from birth until old age."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "However, the original printing did not have an author, as it was an apparent autobiography."
}
] |
I6zhB2IMXYKHYuxucLyR
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Moll Flanders is a novel by Daniel Defoe, first published in 1722."
},
{
"section_header": "Spiritual autobiography",
"text": "The two scholars to first analyze the pattern of spiritual autobiography in Defoe's works, publishing within the same year, were George A. Starr and J. Paul Hunter."
},
{
"section_header": "Spiritual autobiography",
"text": "He examines the pattern of spiritual autobiography in these events, with the beginning of her fall into sin being a direct results of her vanity prevailing over her virtue."
},
{
"section_header": "Marriages, relationships, and children | Incestuous undertones",
"text": "After Robin become enamoured with Moll and considered her in a romantic light, he ceased with the title of \"sister\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Spiritual autobiography",
"text": "In examining her conversion experience, Starr highlights her motive as being “the reunion with her Lancashire husband, and the news that she is to be tried at the next Session, caused her ‘wretched boldness of spirit’ to abate."
},
{
"section_header": "Spiritual autobiography",
"text": "He does discuss Moll Flanders at length, stating that the disconnectedness of the events in the book can be attributed to the book's spiritual autobiographical nature."
},
{
"section_header": "Spiritual autobiography",
"text": "George Starr's book, titled Defoe and Spiritual Autobiography, analyses the pattern of spiritual autobiography, and how it is found in Defoe's books."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Their relationship is at first platonic, but eventually develops into Moll becoming something of a \"kept woman\" in Hammersmith, London."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Works of criticism",
"text": "Includes a chapter on Moll Flanders."
},
{
"section_header": "Spiritual autobiography",
"text": "His focus in the book is primarily on Robinson Crusoe, as that is Defoe's book that follows the clearest pattern of spiritual autobiography."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It purports to be the true account of the life of the eponymous Moll, detailing her exploits from birth until old age."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "However, the original printing did not have an author, as it was an apparent autobiography."
}
] |
When it was first published, Moll Flanders was considered to be an autobiography.
| 0 | 0 |
Moll Flanders
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The book is unusual among London's writings (and in the literature of the time in general) in being a first-person narrative of a woman protagonist written by a man."
}
] |
I76WWHBurcabRKmrtaZ2
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The novel has been adapted into two Russian films: The Iron Heel (1919) and The Iron Heel of Oligarchy (1999)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In The Iron Heel, Jack London's socialist views are explicitly on display."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences and effects",
"text": "\"Chapter 7 of The Iron Heel is an almost verbatim copy of an ironic essay by Frank Harris (see Jack London § Plagiarism accusations)."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The Manuscript itself covers the years 1912 through 1932 in which the Oligarchy (or \"Iron Heel\") arose in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "In addition, this novel has an introduction and series of (often lengthy) footnotes written from the perspective of scholar Anthony Meredith."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences and effects",
"text": "\"Harry Bridges, influential labor leader in the mid-1900s, was \"set afire\" by Jack London's The Sea-Wolf and The Iron Heel."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The novel is based on the fictional \"Everhard Manuscript\" written by Avis Everhard, which she hid and which was subsequently found centuries later."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences and effects",
"text": "The Iron Heel is cited by George Orwell's biographer Michael Shelden as having influenced Orwell's most famous novel Nineteen Eighty-Four."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The book is unusual among London's writings (and in the literature of the time in general) in being a first-person narrative of a woman protagonist written by a man."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences and effects",
"text": "Granville Hicks, reviewing Kurt Vonnegut's Player Piano, was reminded of The Iron Heel: \"we are taken into the future and shown an America ruled by a tiny oligarchy, and here too there is a revolt that fails."
}
] |
The Iron Heel is written in first-person portrayal of an angry boy.
| 0 | 3 |
The Iron Heel
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Works",
"text": "Four Orders of Lenin (1964, 1971, 1974, 1984) Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1966) Order of the Badge of Honour (1940) Lenin Prize (1972) – a new version of the opera \"Colas Breugnon\" (1968) Stalin Prizesfirst class (1946) – for the 2nd quartet (1945) second class (1949) – Concerto for Violin and Orchestra (1948) second class – for the opera \"Taras Family\" (1950)USSR State Prize (1980) – for the 4th Concerto for Piano and Orchestra (\"Prague\") (1979) Glinka State Prize of the RSFSR (1966) – for \"Requiem\" for soloists, two choirs and orchestra (1962) Lenin Komsomol Prize (1984) Ivan Pavlov (1949) See List of compositions by Dmitry Kabalevsky"
}
] |
I7cmHs3buUCBKklz9W9L
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "He was awarded a number of state honours for his musical works, including those given by the Soviet government."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "In general, Kabalevsky was not as adventurous as his contemporaries in terms of harmony and preferred a more conventional diatonicism, interlaced with chromaticism and major-minor interplay."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dmitry Borisovich Kabalevsky (Russian: Дми́трий Бори́сович Кабале́вский; 30 December [O.S. 17 December] 1904 – 14 February 1987) was a Russian composer and teacher."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Kabalevsky frequently travelled overseas; he was a member of the Soviet Committee for the Defense of Peace as well as a representative for the Promotion of Friendship between the Soviet Union and foreign countries."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "In 1948, when Andrei Zhdanov declared his resolution on the directions and changes for Soviet music, Kabalevsky was originally on the list of named composers who were the most guilty of formalism, but due to his connections within official circles, his name was removed."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "He joined the Communist Party in 1940 and received the Medal of Honour from the Soviet government for his musical skill in 1941."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "His traditional stance as a composer, combined with his strong sense of civic duty expressed in his educational work, endeared him to the Soviet regime and earned him a long list of honours and awards, including the Lenin Prize in 1972 and the Hero of Socialist Labour in 1974."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Kabalevsky wrote for all musical genres and was consistently faithful to the ideals of socialist realism."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Kabalevsky also received the honorary degree of the president of the International Society of Musical Education."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Another theory states that Kabalevsky's name was only on the list because of his position in the leadership of the Union of Soviet Composers."
},
{
"section_header": "Works",
"text": "Four Orders of Lenin (1964, 1971, 1974, 1984) Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1966) Order of the Badge of Honour (1940) Lenin Prize (1972) – a new version of the opera \"Colas Breugnon\" (1968) Stalin Prizesfirst class (1946) – for the 2nd quartet (1945) second class (1949) – Concerto for Violin and Orchestra (1948) second class – for the opera \"Taras Family\" (1950)USSR State Prize (1980) – for the 4th Concerto for Piano and Orchestra (\"Prague\") (1979) Glinka State Prize of the RSFSR (1966) – for \"Requiem\" for soloists, two choirs and orchestra (1962) Lenin Komsomol Prize (1984) Ivan Pavlov (1949) See List of compositions by Dmitry Kabalevsky"
}
] |
Dmitry Kabalevsky had more Soviet awards for his music than he had fingers.
| 0 | 0 |
Dmitry Kabalevsky
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Grapes of Wrath is an American realist novel written by John Steinbeck and published in 1939."
}
] |
I888UrynBRL8r8cBsgVr
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "\" The Grapes of Wrath is referred to as a Great American Novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "In his book The Art of Fiction (1984), John Gardner criticized Steinbeck for not knowing anything about the California ranchers: \"Witness Steinbeck's failure in The Grapes of Wrath."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Grapes of Wrath is an American realist novel written by John Steinbeck and published in 1939."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | In film",
"text": "\"The documentary American: The Bill Hicks Story (2009) revealed that The Grapes of Wrath was comedian Bill Hicks' favorite novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Development",
"text": "Babb's own novel, Whose Names Are Unknown, was eclipsed in 1939 by the success of The Grapes of Wrath and was shelved until it was finally published in 2004, a year before Babb's death."
},
{
"section_header": "Similarities to Whose Names Are Unknown",
"text": "\"Writing in Broad Street magazine, Carla Dominguez described Babb as \"devastated and bitter\" that Random House canceled publication of her own novel after The Grapes of Wrath was released in 1939."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | In film",
"text": "John Springer, author of The Fondas (Citadel, 1973), said of Henry Fonda and his role in The Grapes of Wrath: \"The Great American Novel made one of the few enduring Great American Motion Pictures."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious interpretation",
"text": "Many scholars have noted Steinbeck's use of Christian imagery within The Grapes of Wrath."
},
{
"section_header": "Development | Title",
"text": "In the souls of the people the grapes of wrath are filling and growing heavy, growing heavy for the vintage."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "Steinbeck scholar John Timmerman sums up the book's influence: \"The Grapes of Wrath may well be the most thoroughly discussed novel – in criticism, reviews, and college classrooms – of 20th century American literature."
}
] |
The Grapes of Wrath is a science fiction novel.
| 3 | 4 |
The Grapes of Wrath
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "In this era of environmental pollution and radiation, she is one of few fertile women remaining."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The story is told in first-person narration by a woman named Offred."
}
] |
I8JxP6FJa4ocwfnqpP9c
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Characters | Luke",
"text": "Under Gilead, all divorces were retroactively nullified, resulting in Offred being considered an adulteress and their daughter illegitimate."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Offred is still unsure if Nick is a member of Mayday or an Eye posing as one, and does not know if leaving will result in her escape or her capture."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Offred unexpectedly encounters Moira there, with her will broken, and she learns that those who are found breaking the law are sent to the Colonies to clean up toxic waste or are allowed to work at Jezebel's as punishment."
},
{
"section_header": "Setting | Politics",
"text": "Serena smokes black market cigarettes, expresses the forbidden idea that men may be infertile, and schemes to get Offred impregnated by her chauffeur."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Atwood, Margaret (1985). The Handmaid's Tale."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "\"Versions of History: The Handmaid's Tale and its Dedicatees\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "\"Memory and Politics — A Reflection on \"The Handmaid's Tale\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "The Handmaid's Tale. New York: Anchor Books."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "\"Teaching Them to Read: A Fishing Expedition in the Handmaid's Tale\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Offred",
"text": "Proved fertile, she is considered an important commodity and has been placed as a \"handmaid\" in the home of \"the Commander\" and his wife Serena Joy, to bear a child for them (Serena Joy is believed to be infertile)."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "In this era of environmental pollution and radiation, she is one of few fertile women remaining."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The story is told in first-person narration by a woman named Offred."
}
] |
In The Handmaid's Tale, Offred is punished for her infertility that is a result of malnourishment.
| 0 | 0 |
The Handmaid's Tale
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "GoDaddy was founded in 1997 in Baltimore, Maryland by entrepreneur Bob Parsons."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "GoDaddy Inc. is an American publicly traded Internet domain registrar and web hosting company headquartered in Scottsdale, Arizona and incorporated in Delaware."
}
] |
I8fqfiqOMuMKiziwTmOk
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Acquisitions",
"text": "On January 23, 2018, GoDaddy acquired Main Street Hub."
},
{
"section_header": "IPO and private equity",
"text": "Scott W. Wagner (and former GoDaddy Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer) was appointed Chief Executive Officer on December 31, 2017."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Animal rights | Super Bowl XLIX Puppy Ad",
"text": "And we heard that loud and clear.\" He goes on to say that Buddy was purchased by a reputable breeder and is part of the GoDaddy family as Chief Companion Officer."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Shutdown of RateMyCop.com",
"text": "On March 11, 2008, GoDaddy shut down RateMyCop.com — a RateMyProfessors-type site where people would comment on their interactions with law enforcement officers."
},
{
"section_header": "IPO and private equity",
"text": "CEO Blake Irving, joined GoDaddy on January 6, 2013 and served as Chief Executive Officer before retiring on December 31, 2017."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Backing of SOPA and resultant boycott",
"text": "One strong supporter of this action was Cheezburger CEO Ben Huh, who threatened that the organization would remove over 1,000 domains from GoDaddy if they continued their support of SOPA."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Company name",
"text": "One employee said, \"How about Big Daddy?\" However, the domain name had already been purchased, so Parsons replied, \"How about Go Daddy?\" The name was available, so he bought it."
},
{
"section_header": "Marketing | Sports sponsorships | NASCAR",
"text": "After finishing 10th in the Nationwide Series standings with one pole award in 2012, Patrick moved to full-time in the Sprint Cup Series in 2013 where GoDaddy sponsored her full season schedule."
},
{
"section_header": "Marketing | Sports sponsorships | NASCAR",
"text": "GoDaddy.com signed a one-year deal with Darlington Raceway to sponsor the 53rd Annual Rebel 500, the fifth-oldest race on the Sprint Cup circuit."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Acquisitions",
"text": "In April 2015, GoDaddy acquired Elto, \"a San Francisco-based startup which had been offering a marketplace that helped connect business owners and other non-technical people to web developers who could help them establish and improve their web presence.\" In April 2015 and November 2015, GoDaddy acquired the domain portfolios of Marchex and Worldwide Media, respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "GoDaddy was founded in 1997 in Baltimore, Maryland by entrepreneur Bob Parsons."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "GoDaddy Inc. is an American publicly traded Internet domain registrar and web hosting company headquartered in Scottsdale, Arizona and incorporated in Delaware."
}
] |
GoDaddy was established on the East Coast but its main office is not there.
| 0 | 0 |
GoDaddy
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He represented Kentucky in the U.S. Senate and served as its 44th and 49th governor."
}
] |
I9QHkUHinEkjf2Oi9sIB
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Commissioner of baseball | Other matters",
"text": "The same two companies negotiated a six-year, $6 million contract to broadcast the Series on television in 1950."
},
{
"section_header": "Commissioner of baseball | Other matters",
"text": "The Kentucky Press Association and the Kentucky Broadcasting Association both named him Man of the Year."
},
{
"section_header": "Second term as governor | Governorship",
"text": "The Kentucky Court of Appeals struck down Kentucky's Day Law, against integration, the following year."
},
{
"section_header": "Early political career",
"text": "The following year, he was elected as a Democrat to represent the 22nd district in the Kentucky Senate."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "In an interview with The Kentucky Kernel, the University of Kentucky's student newspaper, Chandler was asked about his controversial comments the previous year, which were addressed in the book."
},
{
"section_header": "First term as governor",
"text": "The 95,000-vote margin of victory was then the largest ever recorded in a Kentucky gubernatorial election, and at only 37, Chandler was the youngest governor of any US state."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After a year, Chandler was not able to afford Harvard."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Two years later, he was elected lieutenant governor, serving under Governor Ruby Laffoon."
},
{
"section_header": "First term as governor",
"text": "The following year, Harvard University awarded him the same degree."
},
{
"section_header": "First term as governor",
"text": "In 1936, Chandler was awarded an honorary Doctor of Laws degree from the University of Kentucky."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He represented Kentucky in the U.S. Senate and served as its 44th and 49th governor."
}
] |
Chandler was Kentucky governor for six years in a row.
| 0 | 0 |
Happy Chandler
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Although Sons of Anarchy is set in Northern California's Central Valley (with some scenes in the Bay Area), it was filmed primarily at Occidental Studios Stage 5A in North Hollywood."
}
] |
I9yh5TqYjMYwvmhNK3nC
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "External scenes were often filmed nearby in Sun Valley, Acton, California, and Tujunga."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Although Sons of Anarchy is set in Northern California's Central Valley (with some scenes in the Bay Area), it was filmed primarily at Occidental Studios Stage 5A in North Hollywood."
},
{
"section_header": "Other media | Sons of Anarchy: The Prospect",
"text": "Another video game based on Sons of Anarchy was announced in February 2014, confirmed for mobile platforms in August, and the name Sons of Anarchy: The Prospect revealed in December of that year."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Interior and exterior scenes set in Northern Ireland during season 3 were also filmed at Occidental Studios and surrounding areas."
},
{
"section_header": "Other media | Sons of Anarchy: The Prospect",
"text": "Sons of Anarchy: The Prospect was an episodic adventure video game developed by Silverback Games and published by Orpheus Interactive."
},
{
"section_header": "Other media | Spin-off",
"text": "Mayans M.C. takes place two and a half years after the events of Sons of Anarchy and is set hundreds of miles away in the fictional California border town of Santo Padre."
},
{
"section_header": "Other media | Sons of Anarchy: The Prospect",
"text": "A Sons of Anarchy game was originally planned to be developed by a studio of Rockstar Games for PC and console platforms, but was canceled shortly after in 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast and characters",
"text": "Sons of Anarchy is the story of the Teller-Morrow family of Charming, California, as well as the other members of Sons of Anarchy Motorcycle Club, Redwood Original (SAMCRO), their families, various Charming townspeople, allied and rival gangs, associates, and law agencies that undermine or support SAMCRO's legal and illegal enterprises."
},
{
"section_header": "Elements | Concept",
"text": "The show focused on the original and founding (\"mother\") charter, Sons of Anarchy Motorcycle Club, Redwood Original, referred to by the acronym SAMCRO or Sam Crow, located in San Joaquin County, California, in the fictional town of Charming, which appears to be near Stockton, adjacent to the Teller-Morrow auto mechanic shop."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Soundtracks",
"text": "In November 2011, selected highlights from the EPs and new tracks were released in Songs of Anarchy: Music from Sons of Anarchy Seasons 1–4, followed up by Sons of Anarchy: Songs of Anarchy Vol."
}
] |
Sons of Anarchy was filmed in California.
| 0 | 0 |
Sons of Anarchy
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Through his father Jeremy, Bieber has three younger half-siblings."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Justin Drew Bieber (; born March 1, 1994) is a Canadian singer, songwriter, and actor."
}
] |
IAA0MdkW6zaNtSzvksbq
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Business ventures and endorsements",
"text": "In January 2015, Entertainment Tonight reported that entertainer Justin Bieber had used MYO-X, a dietary supplement, in preparation for a Calvin Klein underwear photo shoot."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Legal issues and controversies",
"text": "The Bureau released a statement, explaining \"Justin Bieber is a gifted singer, but he is also a controversial young foreign singer\", and \"In order to maintain order in the Chinese market and purify the Chinese performance environment, it is not suitable to bring in badly behaved entertainers."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2012–2014: Believe, Journals, and other appearances",
"text": "Entertainment Weekly praised Bieber's musical shift, calling the album both a \"reinvention and a reintroduction\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Legal issues and controversies",
"text": "\"In July 2017, the Chinese government banned Justin Bieber from performing in China."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2008–2009: Career beginnings and My World",
"text": "Justin Timberlake was also reportedly in the running to sign Bieber but lost the bidding war to Usher."
},
{
"section_header": "Public image | YouTube and Twitter",
"text": "\"I said: 'Justin, sing like there's no one in the room."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Justin Drew Bieber (; born March 1, 1994) is a Canadian singer, songwriter, and actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Philanthropy",
"text": "Bieber and Ariana Grande collaborated on the single \"Stuck With U\", released in May 2020 as the first of series of singles coordinated by entertainment executive Scooter Braun, who is also Bieber's manager, to support the COVID-19 pandemic."
},
{
"section_header": "Business ventures and endorsements",
"text": "His third fragrance, The Key, was launched in July 2013, and his latest fragrance, Justin Bieber Collector's Edition, launched in 2014."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2012–2014: Believe, Journals, and other appearances",
"text": "The film is a follow-up to Bieber's first theatrical film Justin Bieber: Never Say Never, with Jon M. Chu returning as director."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Through his father Jeremy, Bieber has three younger half-siblings."
}
] |
Justin Bieber is an entertainer and has half-siblings.
| 0 | 0 |
Justin Bieber
|
Music
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "ABBA (, Swedish pronunciation: [ˈabːa]) is a Swedish pop supergroup formed in Stockholm in 1972 by Agnetha Fältskog, Björn Ulvaeus, Benny Andersson, and Anni-Frid Lyngstad."
}
] |
IBfLqv020GUjXGBT0fTl
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Fashion, style, videos, advertising campaigns",
"text": "The cost of the clothes was deductible only if they could not be worn other than for performances."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1981–1982: Final album and performances | Resurgence of public interest",
"text": "The book reveals that part of the reason for the band's outrageous costumes was that Swedish tax laws at the time allowed the cost of garish outfits that were not suitable for daily wear to be tax deductible."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Fashion, style, videos, advertising campaigns",
"text": "The reason for the wild costumes was Swedish tax law."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "ABBA (, Swedish pronunciation: [ˈabːa]) is a Swedish pop supergroup formed in Stockholm in 1972 by Agnetha Fältskog, Björn Ulvaeus, Benny Andersson, and Anni-Frid Lyngstad."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1976–1981: Superstardom | European and Australian tour",
"text": "\"Thank You for the Music\" has become one of the best loved and best known ABBA songs without being released as a single during the group's lifetime."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1958–1970: Before ABBA | Member origins and collaboration",
"text": "The Hep Stars were known as \"the Swedish Beatles\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2016–present: Reunion and upcoming avatars project",
"text": "As of 2020, five out of the eight original songs written by Benny for the new album have been recorded by the 2 female members, and there is a new music video with new unseen technology that cost £15 million, with the release for the music video being decided."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1958–1970: Before ABBA | First live performance and the start of \"Festfolket\"",
"text": "They also performed solo numbers from respective albums, but the lukewarm reception convinced the foursome to shelve plans for working together for the time being, and each soon concentrated on individual projects again."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Fashion, style, videos, advertising campaigns",
"text": "The videos that accompanied some of the band's biggest hits are often cited as being among the earliest examples of the genre."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "That same year it was announced that the band had recorded two new songs after 35 years of being inactive."
}
] |
Abba, a Swedish pop supergroup, were known for their outlandish costumes which came about because the cost of clothing could only be deducted from taxes if they could only be used to perform in.
| 3 | 4 |
ABBA
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He later ran for the Progressive Conservatives and won in a landslide in the 1984 Canadian federal election, defeating John Turner of the Liberals and Ed Broadbent of the NDP, not only winning every single province and territory but also capturing over 50% of the vote for the first time since 1958 and increasing his party's seats by 111, up to 211 seats, the highest amount of seats won by any party in Canadian history."
}
] |
IBkwTGNlutDBMvQTVpEq
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Party leader",
"text": "The Tories had only won the most seats in that province once since 1896 – the 1958 Tory landslide."
},
{
"section_header": "Party leader",
"text": "In 1984, the Canadian Press named Mulroney \"Newsmaker of the Year\" for the second straight year, making him only the second prime minister to have received the honour both before becoming prime minister and when prime minister (the other being Lester Pearson)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He later ran for the Progressive Conservatives and won in a landslide in the 1984 Canadian federal election, defeating John Turner of the Liberals and Ed Broadbent of the NDP, not only winning every single province and territory but also capturing over 50% of the vote for the first time since 1958 and increasing his party's seats by 111, up to 211 seats, the highest amount of seats won by any party in Canadian history."
},
{
"section_header": "Party leader",
"text": "On September 4, Mulroney and the Tories won the largest majority government in Canadian history."
},
{
"section_header": "Party leader",
"text": "\" Many observers believe that at this point, Mulroney assured himself of becoming prime minister."
},
{
"section_header": "Builds reputation, gains publicity",
"text": "Mulroney, then 28, would soon become a chief adviser to the new leader in Quebec."
},
{
"section_header": "Prime minister (1984–1993) | Second mandate (1988–1993)",
"text": "On December 2, 1991, Canada became the first Western nation to recognize Ukraine as an independent country, next day after the landslide referendum in favour of independence in Ukraine."
},
{
"section_header": "Prime minister (1984–1993) | First mandate (1984–1988)",
"text": "Quebec was the only province that did not sign the new Canadian constitution negotiated by Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau in 1982, and Mulroney wanted to include Quebec in a new agreement with the rest of Canada."
},
{
"section_header": "Party leader",
"text": "Because of health problems shortly after becoming party leader, Mulroney quit smoking in 1983."
},
{
"section_header": "Party leader",
"text": "The Liberals won only 40 seats, which, at the time was their worst performance ever and the worst defeat for a governing party at the federal level in Canadian history."
}
] |
Mulroney won by a landslide to become the Canadian Prime Minister.
| 0 | 4 |
Brian Mulroney
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Le Morte d'Arthur (originally spelled Le Morte Darthur, ungrammatical Middle French for \"The Death of Arthur\") is a 15th-century Middle English prose reworking by Sir Thomas Malory of tales about the legendary King Arthur, Guinevere, Lancelot, Merlin and the Knights of the Round Table—along with their respective folklore."
},
{
"section_header": "Authorship",
"text": "The exact identity of the author of Le Morte d'Arthur has long been the subject of speculation, owing to the fact that at least six historical figures bore the name of \"Sir Thomas Malory\" in the late 15th century."
}
] |
ICePHCVaWwW5OOYHso6a
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | The work itself",
"text": "Malory's Le Morte D'Arthur: King Arthur and Legends of the Round Table."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | The work itself",
"text": "Le Morte d'Arthur. Le Morte d'Arthur. Ed. Matthews, John (2000)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Until the discovery of the Winchester Manuscript in 1934, the 1485 edition was considered the earliest known text of Le Morte d'Arthur and that closest to Malory's original version."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Le Morte d'Arthur (originally spelled Le Morte Darthur, ungrammatical Middle French for \"The Death of Arthur\") is a 15th-century Middle English prose reworking by Sir Thomas Malory of tales about the legendary King Arthur, Guinevere, Lancelot, Merlin and the Knights of the Round Table—along with their respective folklore."
},
{
"section_header": "Authorship",
"text": "The exact identity of the author of Le Morte d'Arthur has long been the subject of speculation, owing to the fact that at least six historical figures bore the name of \"Sir Thomas Malory\" in the late 15th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern versions and adaptations",
"text": "Jeffrey Wikstrom humorously dissected Le Morte d'Arthur in his 2014 book series Arthur Dies at the End."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | The work itself",
"text": "Le Morte Darthur: Sir Thomas Malory's Book of King Arthur and of his Noble Knights of the Round Table,."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis and themes | Book I (Caxton I–IV)",
"text": "According to Helen Cooper in Sir Thomas Malory: Le Morte D'arthur – The Winchester Manuscript, the prose style, which mimics historical documents of the time, lends an air of authority to the whole work."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Commentary",
"text": "Glossary to Le Morte d'Arthur at Glossary to Book 1 and Glossary to Book 2 (PDF) Lugodoc's Guide to Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur"
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | The work itself",
"text": "Le Morte d'Arthur, printed by William Caxton, 1485."
}
] |
Le Morte d'Arthur is about King Arthur and the author is not truly known.
| 3 | 6 |
Le Morte d'Arthur
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was posthumously elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1967."
}
] |
ICfxn71Fjfxa9OJ7NUr0
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wesley Branch Rickey (December 20, 1881 – December 9, 1965) was an American baseball player and sports executive."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was posthumously elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1967."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and legacy",
"text": "In addition to Rickey's election to the Baseball Hall of Fame as a contributor in 1967, in 1997 he was inducted into the St. Louis Walk of Fame, in 2009 he was elected to the College Baseball Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "A public speaker in his later years, on November 13, 1965, Rickey collapsed in the middle of a speech in Columbia, Missouri, as he was being elected to the Missouri Sports Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "On December 9, at about 10 p.m. he died of heart failure at Boone County Memorial Hospital in Columbia, Missouri, 11 days before his 84th birthday."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Cardinals elected him to their team Hall of Fame in 2014."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | St. Louis Cardinals (1919–1942)",
"text": "However, there had been little indication to this point that he would ever belong in the Baseball Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Branch Rickey was interred at Rush Township Burial Park in Rushtown, Ohio, near where his parents, his widow Jane (who died in 1971), and three of his children (including Branch Rickey Jr., who died from complications of diabetes at age 47 in 1961) also rest."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and legacy",
"text": "Son Branch Jr. was an executive with the Dodgers and Pirates for over two decades prior to his 1961 death, and grandson Branch Rickey III, who served as a farm system director with the Pirates and Cincinnati Reds, has been president of the Pacific Coast League since 1999."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and legacy",
"text": "In 1992, Rotary International of Denver, Colorado, created the Branch Rickey Award, which is given annually to a Major League Baseball player in recognition of exceptional community service."
}
] |
Wesley Branch Rickey (December 20, 1881 – December 9, 1965) was an American baseball player and sports executive that was elected into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1967 after his death.
| 0 | 0 |
Branch Rickey
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Beginning with its third season, The Walking Dead has attracted the most 18- to 49-year-old viewers of any cable or broadcast television series, though viewership has declined in later seasons."
}
] |
IChtrCSB0bqNI6tNY0Sn
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Beginning with its third season, The Walking Dead has attracted the most 18- to 49-year-old viewers of any cable or broadcast television series, though viewership has declined in later seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Ratings",
"text": "In 2012, during its third season, it became the first cable series in television history to have the highest total viewership of any series during the fall season among 18- to 49-year-old adults."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Ratings",
"text": "During seasons three to six, it attracted ten to seventeen million viewers."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Ratings",
"text": "During its first season, The Walking Dead attracted between four and six million viewers."
},
{
"section_header": "Series overview | Future seasons",
"text": "\"We know where seasons 11 and 12 [will be]... we have benchmarks and milestones for those seasons if we're lucky enough to get there.\" In September 2018, AMC CEO Josh Sapan stated that they plan on continuing The Walking Dead franchise for another 10 years, including new films and television series based on the original comic book series."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Syndication",
"text": "The version that airs on MyNetworkTV is edited to meet broadcast television standards."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Ratings",
"text": "In 2014, total viewership for the show's fifth-season premiere was 17.3 million, making it the most-watched series episode in cable history."
},
{
"section_header": "Lawsuits | Breach of contract suits",
"text": "Darabont's suit contends that when the series's popularity took off, AMC presented a license fee deal to Darabont around February 2011 that used \"an unconscionably low license fee formula\" such that AMC could report the series running at a loss and ensuring that Darabont would never see any profit from the series; as an example, the suit references statements in 2012, following the second season, that AMC claimed the series was running at a $49 million deficit, despite being one of the most popular series in broadcast."
},
{
"section_header": "Franchise and spin-offs | Fear the Walking Dead",
"text": "AMC started development of the series around September 2013 and committed to a two-season broadcast by March 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Release",
"text": "International broadcast rights for the series were sold and announced on June 14, 2010."
}
] |
Beginning with its fourth season, the serie has attracted the most 18 to 49 year old viewers of any cable or broadcast television series.
| 2 | 7 |
The Walking Dead (TV series)
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty."
}
] |
IDJiwf0Move3YrmRnaxl
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Decline and fall of the Ming dynasty | Rebellion, invasion, collapse",
"text": "On 25 April 1644, Beijing fell to a rebel army led by Li Zicheng when the city gates were opened by rebel allies from within."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline and fall of the Ming dynasty | Rebellion, invasion, collapse",
"text": "Later the Qianlong Emperor bestowed the title Marquis of Extended Grace posthumously on Zhu Zhilian in 1750, and the title passed on through twelve generations of Ming descendants until the end of the Qing dynasty in 1912."
},
{
"section_header": "Society and culture | Religion",
"text": "However, by the end of the Ming the Dominicans had begun the Chinese Rites controversy in Rome that would eventually lead to a full ban of Christianity under the Qing dynasty."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline and fall of the Ming dynasty | Rebellion, invasion, collapse",
"text": "After being forced out of Xi'an by the Qing, chased along the Han River to Wuchang, and finally along the northern border of Jiangxi province, Li Zicheng died there in the summer of 1645, thus ending the Shun dynasty."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline and fall of the Ming dynasty | Rebellion, invasion, collapse",
"text": "In 1725 the Qing Yongzheng Emperor bestowed the hereditary title of Marquis on a descendant of the Ming dynasty Imperial family, Zhu Zhilian (朱之璉), who received a salary from the Qing government and whose duty was to perform rituals at the Ming tombs."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline and fall of the Ming dynasty | Rise of the Manchu",
"text": "By 1636, Nurhaci's son Huang Taiji renamed his dynasty from the \"Later Jin\" to the \"Great Qing\" at Mukden, which had fallen to Qing forces in 1621 and was made their capital in 1625."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline and fall of the Ming dynasty | Rebellion, invasion, collapse",
"text": "In 1912, after the overthrow of the Qing dynasty in the Xinhai Revolution, some advocated that a Han Chinese be installed as Emperor, either the descendant of Confucius, who was the Duke Yansheng, or the Ming dynasty Imperial family descendant, the Marquis of Extended Grace."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline and fall of the Ming dynasty | Role of eunuchs",
"text": "The Temple became an influential base for highly placed eunuchs, and continued in a somewhat diminished role during the Qing dynasty."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline and fall of the Ming dynasty | Rebellion, invasion, collapse",
"text": "These scattered Ming remnants in southern China after 1644 were collectively designated by 19th-century historians as the Southern Ming."
}
] |
The Ming Dynasty ended in 1644 after the Qing dynasty fell.
| 1 | 4 |
Ming Dynasty
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barlick missed two seasons (1944–45) due to service in the United States Coast Guard and two seasons (1956–57) due to heart problems."
}
] |
IDLpNBW9p28rCQRDh0XS
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Later career",
"text": "In 1971, Barlick was awarded the Umpire of the Year Award at the Al Somers Umpire School, which was based on a poll of other MLB umpires."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Return from the Coast Guard",
"text": "Barlick returned to umpiring in 1946, when he umpired his first World Series."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Return from the Coast Guard",
"text": "In 1949, Barlick was again chosen as an umpire for the 1949 All-Star Game."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Return from the Coast Guard",
"text": "Before I saw him, I predicted he'd be a great umpire just from what I heard about him.\" In 1947, Barlick was the first base umpire during Jackie Robinson's MLB debut."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Early career",
"text": "Barlick joined the Coast Guard in November 1943, during World War II."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Return from the Coast Guard",
"text": "He began the game at home plate, although when it became time for the umpires to rotate, as was customary during All-Star games, Barlick left the game, leaving the right field line uncovered; no reason was given for his departure."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Return from the Coast Guard",
"text": "\"There's a fellow who's going to be one of the great all-time umpires."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Return from the Coast Guard",
"text": "Klem repeated his endorsement of Barlick that year."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Return from the Coast Guard",
"text": "the 1956 season, Barlick was hospitalized in Illinois for treatment of a heart problem."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Return from the Coast Guard",
"text": "In August 1949, Barlick ruled a forfeit at Shibe Park in a game between the Philadelphia Phillies and New York Giants."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barlick missed two seasons (1944–45) due to service in the United States Coast Guard and two seasons (1956–57) due to heart problems."
}
] |
Al Barlick was an umpire and in the Coast Guard.
| 0 | 0 |
Al Barlick
|
Geography
| 8 |
[
{
"section_header": "Enlargements and improvements",
"text": "Problems developed but were quickly solved."
}
] |
IDMk33Voe7UTdHQq7Ews
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Enlargements and improvements",
"text": "An ambitious program to improve the canal began in 1834."
},
{
"section_header": "Proposals and logistics | Freight boats",
"text": "The canal had one towpath, generally on the north side."
},
{
"section_header": "Enlargements and improvements",
"text": "Today, the reconfiguration of the canal created during the First Enlargement is commonly referred to as the \"Improved Erie Canal\" or the \"Old Erie Canal\", to distinguish it from the canal's modern-day course."
},
{
"section_header": "Enlargements and improvements",
"text": "In 1903 the New York State legislature authorized construction of the New York State Barge Canal as the \"Improvement of the Erie, the Oswego, the Champlain, and the Cayuga and Seneca Canals\"."
},
{
"section_header": "20th century",
"text": "The Waterford Flight is claimed to be one of the steepest series of locks in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Old Erie Canal",
"text": "In 1960 the Schoharie Crossing State Historic Site, a section of the canal in Montgomery County, was one of the first sites recognized as a National Historic Landmark."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact",
"text": "Consisting of a massive stone aqueduct which carried boats over incredible cascades, Little Falls was one of the most popular stops for American and foreign tourists."
},
{
"section_header": "Enlargements and improvements",
"text": "Additional feeder canals soon extended the Erie Canal into a system."
},
{
"section_header": "Enlargements and improvements",
"text": "The Genesee Valley Canal was later abandoned and became the route of the Genesee Valley Canal Railroad."
},
{
"section_header": "Enlargements and improvements",
"text": "These included the Cayuga-Seneca Canal south to the Finger Lakes, the Oswego Canal from Three Rivers north to Lake Ontario at Oswego, and the Champlain Canal from Troy north to Lake Champlain."
},
{
"section_header": "Enlargements and improvements",
"text": "Problems developed but were quickly solved."
}
] |
There have been no improvements on the canal.
| 2 | 8 |
Erie Canal
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Release and reaction | Critical reception | Contemporary reviews",
"text": "Part of its success comes because it doesn't fall for the old cliché that musicals have to make you happy."
},
{
"section_header": "Release and reaction | Critical reception | Contemporary reviews",
"text": "Roger Ebert gave a positive review in January 1972, saying: \"This is no ordinary musical."
}
] |
IEBwIIoKrNzEG5YRSdlA
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Release and reaction | Critical reception | Contemporary reviews",
"text": "Bob Fosse's generally excellent direction recreates the milieu of Germany some 40 years ago.\" Roger Greenspun of The New York Times wrote in February 1972 that \"Cabaret is one of those immensely gratifying imperfect works in which from beginning to end you can literally feel a movie coming to life.\" Likewise, Pauline Kael of The New Yorker wrote a review that same month in which she applauded the film: \"A great movie musical."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Home media",
"text": "In April 2012, Warner unveiled a new restoration of the film at the TCM Classic Film Festival."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Editing was done in Los Angeles before the eventual theatrical release in February 1972."
},
{
"section_header": "Differences between film and stage version",
"text": "In the film, the song concludes with the line \"She wouldn't look Jewish at all,\" a return to the original lyrics by Fred Ebb."
},
{
"section_header": "Release and reaction | Critical reception | Contemporary reviews",
"text": "Roger Ebert gave a positive review in January 1972, saying: \"This is no ordinary musical."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cabaret opened to glowing reviews and strong box office, eventually taking in more than $20 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Release and reaction | Critical reception | Controversies",
"text": "\" The point of the song was showing anti-Semitism as it begins to run rampant in Berlin, but there were a number of Jewish groups who interpreted the lyrics differently.:625"
},
{
"section_header": "Release and reaction | Critical reception | Controversies",
"text": "According to a November 1976 Variety article, the film was censored in West Berlin when it was first released there theatrically, with the sequence featuring the Hitler Youth singing"
},
{
"section_header": "Release and reaction | Critical reception | Contemporary reviews",
"text": "Taking its form from political cabaret, it's a satire of temptations."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "At first, they celebrate their resolution to start this new life together, but after a picnic between Sally and Brian, in which Brian acts distant and uninterested, Sally becomes disheartened by the vision of herself as a bored faculty wife washing dirty diapers."
},
{
"section_header": "Release and reaction | Critical reception | Contemporary reviews",
"text": "Part of its success comes because it doesn't fall for the old cliché that musicals have to make you happy."
}
] |
Cabaret was celebrated by reviewers for adhering to a classical theatrical formula for lyrical works.
| 0 | 7 |
Cabaret (1972 film)
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story began as a sequel to Tolkien's 1937 fantasy novel The Hobbit but eventually developed into a much larger work."
}
] |
IEZxQ01c25jt3RLxPX0D
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "From quiet beginnings in the Shire, a hobbit land not unlike the English countryside, the story ranges across Middle-earth, following the course of the War of the Ring through the eyes of its characters, most notably the hobbits Frodo, Sam, Merry and Pippin."
},
{
"section_header": "Frame-story",
"text": "In this frame-story, the Red Book is also the source of Tolkien's other works relating to Middle-earth: The Hobbit, The Silmarillion, and The Adventures of Tom Bombadil."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story began as a sequel to Tolkien's 1937 fantasy novel The Hobbit but eventually developed into a much larger work."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary | The Fellowship of the Ring",
"text": "The narrative follows on from The Hobbit, in which the hobbit Bilbo Baggins finds the Ring, which had been in the possession of the creature Gollum."
},
{
"section_header": "Frame-story",
"text": "Tolkien presents The Lord of the Rings within a fictional frame-story where he is not the original author, but merely the translator of part of an ancient document, the Red Book of Westmarch."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary | The Two Towers",
"text": "Frodo and Sam capture Gollum, who has followed them from Moria."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary | The Two Towers",
"text": "Aragorn, Gimli and Legolas debate which pair of hobbits to follow."
},
{
"section_header": "Concept and creation | Background",
"text": "The Lord of the Rings started as a sequel to J. R. R. Tolkien's work"
},
{
"section_header": "Concept and creation | Background",
"text": "The popularity of The Hobbit had led George Allen & Unwin, the publishers, to request a sequel."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary | The Fellowship of the Ring",
"text": "The story begins in the Shire, where Frodo Baggins inherits the Ring from Bilbo, his cousin and guardian."
}
] |
The book the Lord of the Rings is a sequel to the Hobbit and follows the story of Frodo.
| 0 | 0 |
The Lord of the Rings
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Development",
"text": "The story of Ethan Frome had initially begun as a French-language composition that Wharton had to write while studying the language in Paris, but several years later she took the story up again and transformed it into the novel it now is, basing her sense of New England culture and place on her ten years of living at The Mount, her home in Lenox, Massachusetts."
}
] |
IElWfAwLmu6UdRevUa9U
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The New York Times called Ethan Frome \"a compelling and haunting story."
},
{
"section_header": "Development",
"text": "The story of Ethan Frome had initially begun as a French-language composition that Wharton had to write while studying the language in Paris, but several years later she took the story up again and transformed it into the novel it now is, basing her sense of New England culture and place on her ten years of living at The Mount, her home in Lenox, Massachusetts."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel was adapted into a film, Ethan Frome, in 1993."
},
{
"section_header": "Development",
"text": "In her introduction to the novel, Wharton talks of the \"outcropping granite\" of New England, the austerity of its land and the stoicism of its people."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "This is Ethan Frome, who is a lifelong resident and a local fixture of the community."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ethan Frome is a 1911 book by American author Edith Wharton."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "She began writing Ethan Frome in the early 1900s when she was still married."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "\" Wharton was always careful to label Ethan Frome as a tale rather than a novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "\" Edith Wharton was able to write an appealing book and separate it from her other works, where her characters in Ethan Frome are not of the elite upper class."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Mattie is given the occasional night off to entertain herself in town as partial recompense for helping care for the Fromes, and Ethan has the duty of walking her home."
}
] |
Ethan frome was originally created in New York city.
| 0 | 0 |
Ethan Frome
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life and death",
"text": "Stapleton suffered from anxiety and alcoholism for many years, and once told an interviewer, \"The curtain came down, and I went into the vodka."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life and death",
"text": "A lifelong heavy smoker, Stapleton died of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 2006 at her home in Lenox, Massachusetts."
}
] |
IFD2pPFvClAmkJ4fv7BG
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lois Maureen Stapleton (June 21, 1925 – March 13, 2006) was an American actress in film, theater, and television."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life and death",
"text": "Stapleton suffered from anxiety and alcoholism for many years, and once told an interviewer, \"The curtain came down, and I went into the vodka."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Stapleton was born in Troy, New York, the daughter of John P. Stapleton and Irene (née Walsh), and grew up in a strict Irish American Catholic family."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She was inducted into the American Theatre Hall of Fame in 1981."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "She was inducted into the American Theatre Hall of Fame in 1981."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stapleton made her Broadway debut in 1946 in The Playboy of the Western World, and went on to win the 1951 Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play for The Rose Tattoo and the 1971 Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for The Gingerbread Lady."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "That same year, she played the role of \"Iras\" in Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra in a touring production by actress and producer Katharine Cornell."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She also won an Emmy Award for the television film Among the Paths to Eden (1967), and the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for Reds."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "She won the Best Supporting Actress Oscar for Reds (1981), directed by Warren Beatty, in which she portrayed the Lithuanian-born anarchist, Emma Goldman."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Stapleton's film career, though limited, brought her immediate success, with her debut in Lonelyhearts (1958) earning a nomination for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life and death",
"text": "A lifelong heavy smoker, Stapleton died of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 2006 at her home in Lenox, Massachusetts."
}
] |
The great American actress Maureen Stapleton had many vices that eventually lead to the cause of her passing.
| 1 | 2 |
Maureen Stapleton
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Editions",
"text": "To conform to 19th-century English standards, all of the explicit and many of the implicit references to sexuality were removed, adversely affecting the readability of several scenes, such as the scenes between d'Artagnan and Milady."
}
] |
IFi0AoVgL9nCn5HL7VeG
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Editions",
"text": "Les Trois Mousquetaires was translated into three English versions by 1846."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Later, he took part in Milady's trial."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "She works for Queen Anne of France, who is secretly conducting an affair with the English Duke of Buckingham."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "They resist for an hour and a half before retreating, killing 22 Rochellese in total; d'Artagnan is made a Musketeer as a result of this feat."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin",
"text": "Dumas “requested permission” to reprint the manuscript; permission was granted: Now, this is the first part of this precious manuscript which we offer to our readers, restoring it to the title which belongs to it, and entering into an engagement that if (of which we have no doubt) this first part should obtain the success it merits, we will publish the second immediately."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "However, Dumas frequently portrays various injustices, abuses, and absurdities of the Ancien Régime, giving the novel an additional political significance at the time of its publication, a time when the debate in France between republicans and monarchists was still fierce."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Stage",
"text": "In this version, d'Artagnan's sister Sabine, \"the quintessential tomboy,\" poses as a young man and participates in her brother's adventures."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "He does, however, write a letter of introduction to an academy for young gentlemen which may prepare his visitor for recruitment at a later time."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "D'Artagnan is thus able to return a complete set of jewels to Queen Anne just in time to save her honour."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin",
"text": "Maquet would suggest plot outlines after doing historical research; Dumas then expanded the plot, removing some characters, including new ones, and imbuing the story with his unmistakable style."
},
{
"section_header": "Editions",
"text": "To conform to 19th-century English standards, all of the explicit and many of the implicit references to sexuality were removed, adversely affecting the readability of several scenes, such as the scenes between d'Artagnan and Milady."
}
] |
The translated version of the work removed a lot of spicy content to adhere to morals of the time, resulting in a loss of coherence in certain parts.
| 2 | 3 |
The Three Musketeers
|
Literature
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Setting",
"text": "In an alternative timeline, the world is divided into three superpowers: the Holy Britannian Empire (the Americas; also called Britannia), the Chinese Federation (Asia), and the European Union (Europe and Africa; previously known as the Euro-Universe, also known as Europa United in Akito the Exiled)."
}
] |
IHOxfBIA733NsMZ6PRZb
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Home video sales",
"text": "Reportedly, Bandai Visual shipped over one million DVD and Blu-ray Discs related to the Code Geass franchise by November 2008, placing it among the most popular contemporary anime series in both Japan and North America."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "In working on the animation character designs, he focused on designing them so as to enable the series' other animators to apply them without deviating from Clamp's original art style."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Setting",
"text": "In an alternative timeline, the world is divided into three superpowers: the Holy Britannian Empire (the Americas; also called Britannia), the Chinese Federation (Asia), and the European Union (Europe and Africa; previously known as the Euro-Universe, also known as Europa United in Akito the Exiled)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A new film, titled Code Geass: Lelouch of the Re;surrection, taking place after the Zero Requiem of the recap films' universe, was released in theaters in February 2019."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Setting",
"text": "The story takes place after the Holy Britannian Empire's conquest of Japan on August 10, 2010 a.t.b., by means of Britannia's newest weapon, the \"Autonomous Armored Knight\", or \"Knightmare Frame\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "In the 30th Annual Anime Grand Prix, Lelouch won first place again and C.C. was voted most popular female character."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "Furthermore, Code Geass won the award for Best TV Animation at the twelfth Animation Kobe event, held annually in Kobe, Hyōgo Prefecture, with R2 taking the award in the following year."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "According to him, Lelouch's actions exemplify the wish to see problems like \"economic collapse, class conflict, political instability, radical extremism\" solved by \"Zero's vigilante methods\" but Santos expresses doubt in such an approach and concludes that \"the series is at its best when raising questions rather than offering a final solution\" (the review is focused on the manga adaptation of the story, which has certain differences compared with the original anime)."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Take away one star if that minor 'flaw' cannot be ignored."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Set in an alternate timeline, the series follows the exiled prince Lelouch vi Britannia, who obtains the \"power of absolute obedience\" from a mysterious woman named C.C. Using this supernatural power, known as Geass, he leads a rebellion against the rule of the Holy Britannian Empire, commanding a series of mecha battles."
}
] |
The anime series that takes place in a contemporary timeline focused solely in Africa.
| 2 | 7 |
Code Geass
|
Geography
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Named after former Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi, it is the busiest airport in India in terms of passenger traffic since 2009."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With the commencement of operations at Terminal 3 in 2010, it became India's and South Asia's largest aviation hub."
}
] |
IHWuVVydGqDkolaL68a2
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jewar Airport is being planned to offset the load of Indira Gandhi International Airport."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Named after former Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi, it is the busiest airport in India in terms of passenger traffic since 2009."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In the calendar year 2018, it was the 12th busiest airport in the world and 6th busiest airport in Asia by passenger traffic handling nearly 70 million passengers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Indira Gandhi International Airport (IATA: DEL, ICAO: VIDP) serves as the major international aviation hub of the Indian capital city of New Delhi as well as India."
},
{
"section_header": "Accidents and Incidents",
"text": "1990An Air India Boeing 747 flying on the London-Delhi-Mumbai route and carrying 215 people (195 passengers and 20 crew) touched down at Indira Gandhi International Airport after a flight from London Heathrow Airport."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Delhi Airport was awarded The Best Airport in Central Asia and Best Airport Staff in Central Asia at the Skytrax World Airport Awards 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2010, IGIA was conferred the fourth best airport award in the world in the 15–25 million category, and Best Improved Airport in the Asia-Pacific Region by Airports Council International."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the world's busiest airport for Airbus A320 aircraft."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "With the inauguration of this new international terminal, Terminal 2, on 2 May 1986, the airport was renamed as Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGIA).The old domestic airport (Palam) is known as Terminal 1 and was divided into separate buildings- 1A, 1B, and 1C. Blocks 1A and 1B used to handle international operations while domestic operations took place in 1C. Today, block 1A became a dedicated terminal for domestic Air India, which is now demolished."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is also the busiest airport in the country in terms of cargo traffic, overtaking Mumbai during late 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With the commencement of operations at Terminal 3 in 2010, it became India's and South Asia's largest aviation hub."
}
] |
Indira Gandhi International Airport is the busiest airport in Asia.
| 2 | 7 |
Indira Gandhi International Airport
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Return to Cleveland (1945–1948)",
"text": "In a June 13 game against the Philadelphia Athletics, having already amassed 10 strikeouts through four innings, Feller fell from the mound, which rain had made slippery, and injured his back."
}
] |
IHm7mF0ZTdDnS00fm5TD
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Return to Cleveland (1945–1948)",
"text": "\"My fastball was never the same after that\", Feller said."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Return to Cleveland (1945–1948)",
"text": "In a June 13 game against the Philadelphia Athletics, having already amassed 10 strikeouts through four innings, Feller fell from the mound, which rain had made slippery, and injured his back."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Bob Feller Museum opened in Van Meter, Iowa, on June 10, 1995."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Teenage phenomenon (1936–1941)",
"text": "His fastball was fast and fuzzy; it didn't go in a straight line; it would wiggle and shoot around."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Later years (1949–1956)",
"text": "Along with Early Wynn and Mike Garcia, Feller reached the 20-win mark during the season; they were the first trio of pitchers on the same staff to earn 20 wins since 1931."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Later years (1949–1956)",
"text": "a hitter, Feller posted a .151 batting average (193-for-1282) with 99 runs, 28 doubles, 13 triples, 8 home runs, 99 RBI and 100 bases on balls."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "During his career, he threw no-hitters in 1940, 1946, and 1951."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Return to Cleveland (1945–1948)",
"text": "Feller recorded his second career no-hitter on April 30, 1946, against the New York Yankees."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1946, he recorded 348 strikeouts, a total not exceeded for 19 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Records",
"text": "\"There is footage of a Feller fastball being clocked by Army ordnance equipment (used to measure artillery shell velocity) and registering at 98.6 mph (158.7 km/h)."
}
] |
After June 13 1946 when he fell, Feller said his fastball was never the same.
| 0 | 9 |
Bob Feller
|
Technology
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "It planned to become a company specialized in IT and infrastructure maintenance in near future."
}
] |
IHmysMUnqXeA9dUh8HCa
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The company's first product was Japan's first 4-kilowatt (5 hp) induction motor, initially developed for use in copper mining."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In February 2017, Hitachi and Honda announced a partnership to develop, produce and sell motors for electric vehicles."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hitachi, Ltd. (株式会社日立製作所, Kabushiki gaisha Hitachi Seisaku-sho, lit. \" Hitachi Works Corporation\") (Japanese pronunciation: [çi̥taꜜtɕi]) is a Japanese multinational conglomerate company headquartered in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan."
},
{
"section_header": "Subsidiaries | Hitachi Vantara | Other subsidiaries",
"text": "Hitachi Solutions America - A consulting firm and systems integrator focusing primarily on Microsoft Dynamics."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The transaction was completed in March 2012.In January 2012, Hitachi announced it would stop producing televisions in Japan."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "On March 14, 2018, Zoomdata announced its partnership with Hitachi INS Software to help develop big data analytics market in Japan."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In October the same year, Honda was reported to be in talks with Hitachi to merge the two companies' car parts businesses, creating a components supplier with almost $17 billion in annual sales, the second largest among the Japanese car parts companies."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in 2011 and the extended temporary closure of most Japanese nuclear plants, Hitachi's nuclear business became unprofitable and in 2016 Hitachi CEO Toshiaki Higashihara argued Japan should consider a merger of the various competing nuclear businesses."
},
{
"section_header": "Subsidiaries | Hitachi Vantara | Hitachi Works",
"text": "This facility was named Hitachi, after the Hitachi Mine near Hitachi, Ibaraki."
},
{
"section_header": "Subsidiaries | Hitachi Vantara | Hitachi Works",
"text": "Spin-off entities from Hitachi Works include Hitachi Cable (1956) and Hitachi Canadian Industries (1988)."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "It planned to become a company specialized in IT and infrastructure maintenance in near future."
}
] |
The Japanese conglomerate Hitachi first produced motors but is now focusing in IT.
| 1 | 5 |
Hitachi
|
Geography
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At 37.9 kilometres (23.5 mi), the tunnel has the longest underwater section of any tunnel in the world."
}
] |
IHzJ8pDXAiXBCaNHI5vX
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At 37.9 kilometres (23.5 mi), the tunnel has the longest underwater section of any tunnel in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Engineering",
"text": "It is the third-longest rail tunnel in the world, behind the Gotthard Base Tunnel in Switzerland and the Seikan Tunnel in Japan, but with the longest under-sea section."
},
{
"section_header": "Illegal immigration | Illegal attempts to cross and deaths",
"text": "He was arrested close to the British side, after having walked about 30 miles (48 km) through the tunnel."
},
{
"section_header": "Engineering | Railway design | Power supply",
"text": "Power is delivered to the locomotives via an overhead line (catenary) at 25 kV 50 Hz."
},
{
"section_header": "Engineering | Railway design | Power supply",
"text": "High Speed 1, the tunnel and the LGV Nord all have power provided via overhead catenary at 25 kV 50 Hz."
},
{
"section_header": "Engineering | Tunnelling",
"text": "A serious health and safety risk with building tunnels underwater is major water inflow due to the high hydrostatic pressure from the sea above, under weak ground conditions."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins | Completion",
"text": "The Channel Tunnel Rail Link (CTRL), now called High Speed 1, runs 69 miles (111 km) from St Pancras railway station in London to the tunnel portal at Folkestone in Kent."
},
{
"section_header": "Engineering",
"text": "However, environmental objections were raised over a high-speed link to London."
},
{
"section_header": "Engineering | Surveying",
"text": "Surveying continued over many years, with 166 marine and 70 land-deep boreholes being drilled and over 4,000-line-kilometres of marine geophysical survey completed."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins | Construction",
"text": "At the peak of construction 15,000 people were employed with daily expenditure over £3 million."
}
] |
It is the longest underwater tunnerl ay over 25 miles.
| 3 | 7 |
Channel Tunnel
|
Technology
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The company is based in San Francisco and has operations in over 785 metropolitan areas worldwide."
}
] |
IIzO21ofkktYh3CJT4wM
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Business model | Service options | Offered",
"text": "Bike is a dockless bicycle-sharing system that allows users to rent electric bicycles via Uber subsidiary Jump Bikes in nine metropolitan areas in the United States including San Francisco and Washington,"
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The service soon launched in other cities worldwide including Paris, New York City, China, Washington, D.C., London, Boston, Hyderabad, Kolkata,Mumbai, Singapore, Delaware, Toronto, Nashville, Sydney, and Melbourne."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism | Safety concerns | Inadequate background checks and vetting of drivers",
"text": "Sexual assaults in relation to Uber are most often committed by either Uber drivers themselves or by individuals posing as Uber drivers."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In August 2014, Uber launched a food delivery service called Uber Eats."
},
{
"section_header": "Business model | Stakeholders | Drivers",
"text": "Uber drivers use their own cars although drivers can rent or lease a car to drive with Uber."
},
{
"section_header": "Business model | Stakeholders | Drivers",
"text": "Uber offers car rental or leasing via Getaround, Hertz, and Fair and Uber and BYD Auto"
},
{
"section_header": "Business model | Service options | Offered",
"text": "D.C. Uber users are also able to rent Lime scooters in 46 cities via the Uber mobile app."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In October 2019, Uber launched Uber Works to connect workers who want temporary jobs with businesses."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Uber has been so prominent in the sharing economy that the changes in industries as a result of it have been referred to as uberisation, and many startups have described their products as \"Uber for X\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Business model | Service options | Services under development",
"text": "In early October 2019, Uber announced a service called Uber Works that matches Temporary workers with potential jobs and employers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The company is based in San Francisco and has operations in over 785 metropolitan areas worldwide."
}
] |
Uber is headquartered in Seattle, Washington.
| 2 | 3 |
Uber
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Retirement",
"text": "In addition, Yastrzemski only trails Ty Cobb and Derek Jeter in hits collected with a single team, and trails only Cobb, Jeter and Tris Speaker in hits collected playing in the American League."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Yastrzemski played his entire 23-year Major League career with the Boston Red Sox (1961–1983)."
}
] |
IJHfdaCx6QcdjNq0qBWd
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Raised on his father's potato farm, Carl played on sandlot baseball teams with his father, who, he maintains, was a better athlete than he was."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Later career",
"text": "He is one of two players to win the All-Star Game MVP Award despite playing for the losing team, Brooks Robinson having done so in 1966."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Carl also played Little League Baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Career regular season statistics",
"text": "Through the end of the 2017 season, on the all-time lists for Major League Baseball, Yastrzemski ranks first for games played for one team, second for games played, third for at-bats, sixth for bases on balls, eighth for doubles, ninth for hits, ninth for total bases, 13th for extra-base hits, and 14th for RBIs."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Later career",
"text": "In the 1975 All-Star Game, Yastrzemski was called to pinch-hit in the sixth inning, with two men on base and the American League down 3-0."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Retirement",
"text": "No player has had a longer career with only one team, 23 seasons, a record which he shares with Brooks Robinson of the Baltimore Orioles."
},
{
"section_header": "Family",
"text": "However, he did not sign with either team, as he played college baseball for the Vanderbilt Commodores."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Later career",
"text": "In 1978 Yastrzemski, then 39, was one of the five oldest players in the league."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Yastrzemski was born in Southampton, New York to Carl Yastrzemski, Sr. and Hattie Skonieczny."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Retirement",
"text": "In addition, Yastrzemski only trails Ty Cobb and Derek Jeter in hits collected with a single team, and trails only Cobb, Jeter and Tris Speaker in hits collected playing in the American League."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Yastrzemski played his entire 23-year Major League career with the Boston Red Sox (1961–1983)."
}
] |
Carl Yastrzemski played for only one team in all of his career.
| 2 | 5 |
Carl Yastrzemski
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and road to power",
"text": "Five months after his birth, his grandmother, Catherine the Great, died and his parents became emperor and empress of Russia."
}
] |
IJlHoYR3Q7mDEca9DLJI
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and road to power",
"text": "Nicholas was born at Gatchina Palace in Gatchina to Grand Duke Paul, and Grand Duchess Maria Feodorovna of Russia (née Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and road to power",
"text": "Five months after his birth, his grandmother, Catherine the Great, died and his parents became emperor and empress of Russia."
},
{
"section_header": "Minorities under Nicholas I | Life of Jews under Nicholas I",
"text": "Before that many of them were forcibly conscripted into Cantonist schools since the age of 12, while being a Cantonist did not count into the time of military service."
},
{
"section_header": "Military and foreign policy | Europe",
"text": "Even before the Poles rose up, Nicholas had cancelled his plans for invading Belgium as it became clear that neither Britain nor Prussia would join in while the French openly threatened war if Nicholas should march."
},
{
"section_header": "Military and foreign policy | Ottoman Empire and Persia",
"text": "Nicholas actually wanted to preserve the Ottoman Empire as a stable but weak state that would be unable to stand up to Russia, which was felt to serve Russia's interests."
},
{
"section_header": "Emperor and principles | Early reign",
"text": "Soon, because of Benckendorff, the saying that it was impossible to sneeze in one's house before it is reported to the emperor, became Benckendorff's creed."
},
{
"section_header": "Military and foreign policy | Ottoman Empire and Persia",
"text": "After the prolonged Siege of Sevastopol (1854–55) the base fell, exposing Russia's inability to defend a major fortification on its own soil."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture",
"text": "The official emphasis on Russian nationalism fueled a debate on Russia's place in the world, the meaning of Russian history, and the future of Russia."
},
{
"section_header": "Emperor and principles | Local policies",
"text": "Russia's first railway was open in 1837, a 26 km (16 mi) line between St. Petersburg and the suburban residence of Tsarskoye Selo."
},
{
"section_header": "Minorities under Nicholas I | Life of Jews under Nicholas I",
"text": "Under Nicholas I there were attempts to reform the education of the Jews in attempt of Russification."
}
] |
Nicholas I of Russia's grandmother did die before he was born.
| 0 | 0 |
Nicholas I of Russia
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chiang Kai-shek (31 October 1887 – 5 April 1975), also known as Chiang Chung-cheng and romanized via Mandarin as Chiang Chieh-shih and Jiang Jieshi, was a Chinese nationalist politician, revolutionary and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China between 1928 and 1975, first in mainland China until 1949"
}
] |
IKNwBicH4c5Tx6ShSjzz
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Competition with Wang Jingwei",
"text": "Dr. Sun worked for 40 years to lead our people in the Nationalist cause, and we cannot allow any other personality to usurp this honored position\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Rule | Second Sino-Japanese War",
"text": "acquainted Chiang Kaishek with the Xidaotang jiaozhu Ma Mingren in 1941 in Chongqing."
},
{
"section_header": "Contemporary public perception",
"text": "Some opponents charge that Chiang's efforts in developing Taiwan were mostly to make the island a strong base from which to one day return to mainland China, and that Chiang had little regard for the long-term prosperity and well-being of the Taiwanese people."
},
{
"section_header": "Rule | On Taiwan | Relationship with the United States",
"text": "Chiang was also suspicious of politicians who were overly friendly to the United States, and considered them his enemies."
},
{
"section_header": "Return to China",
"text": "He served in the revolutionary forces, leading a regiment in Shanghai under his friend and mentor Chen Qimei, as one of Chen's chief lieutenants."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Chekiang (Zhejiang) Province, Chiang was a member of the Kuomintang (KMT) and a lieutenant of Sun Yat-sen in the revolution to overthrow the Beiyang government and reunify China."
},
{
"section_header": "Rule",
"text": "From 1928 to 1937, a time period known as the Nanjing decade, some aspects of foreign imperialism, concessions and privileges in China were moderated through diplomacy."
},
{
"section_header": "Education in Japan",
"text": "Finishing his military schooling at Tokyo Shinbu Gakko, Chiang served in the Imperial Japanese Army from 1909 to 1911."
},
{
"section_header": "Rule | On Taiwan | Regime",
"text": "a native Taiwanese, would, in the 1980s and 1990s, increase native Taiwanese representation in the government and loosen the many authoritarian controls of the early era of ROC control in Taiwan."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chiang Kai-shek (31 October 1887 – 5 April 1975), also known as Chiang Chung-cheng and romanized via Mandarin as Chiang Chieh-shih and Jiang Jieshi, was a Chinese nationalist politician, revolutionary and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China between 1928 and 1975, first in mainland China until 1949"
}
] |
Chiang Kai-shek was a Taiwanese politician who lead the people of Chekiang from the hardships of Imperial China.
| 1 | 5 |
Chiang Kai-shek
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In pre-Revolution Paris, the Marquise de Merteuil plots revenge against her ex-lover, the Comte de Bastide, who has recently ended their relationship."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Valmont resolves to seduce Cécile after all, as revenge for her mother's accurate denunciation of him."
}
] |
IKl15oXxTsb2Ddz2tlqu
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "The film was second only to Mississippi Burning in the National Board of Review's Top 10 films."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "Stephen Frears won the César Award for Best Foreign Film and Best Director from the Boston Society of Film Critics."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In pre-Revolution Paris, the Marquise de Merteuil plots revenge against her ex-lover, the Comte de Bastide, who has recently ended their relationship."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Valmont declines, as he is plotting a seduction of his own: Madame de Tourvel, the wife of a member of Parliament away in Corsica, who is currently a houseguest of Valmont's aunt, Madame de Rosemonde."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "All three would go on to win Academy Awards for their work on this film."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Dangerous Liaisons was the first English-language film adaptation of Laclos's novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "\" Pfeiffer would later win a British Academy Film Award for her performance."
},
{
"section_header": "Related adaptations",
"text": "the film Cruel Intentions set the same story in present-day America."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "The score of Dangerous Liaisons was written by the British film music composer George Fenton."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Liaisons was the final film appearance of Academy Award and Tony Award-nominated actress Mildred Natwick."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Valmont resolves to seduce Cécile after all, as revenge for her mother's accurate denunciation of him."
}
] |
The film is about the Gunpowder Plot in England.
| 2 | 7 |
Dangerous Liaisons
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The gang's leading figure was Jiang Qing (Mao Zedong's last wife)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "They came to prominence during the Cultural Revolution (1966–76) and were later charged with a series of treasonous crimes."
}
] |
ILj0ZvdoWyqQbWf3GQ2u
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Gang of Four controlled the power organs of the Communist Party of China through the later stages of the Cultural Revolution, although it remains unclear which major decisions were made by Mao Zedong and carried out by the Gang, and which were the result of the Gang of Four's own planning."
},
{
"section_header": "Trial",
"text": "In 1981, the four deposed leaders were subjected to a show trial and convicted of anti-party activities."
},
{
"section_header": "Role",
"text": "The new commanders of the People's Liberation Army demanded that order be restored in light of the dangerous situation along the border with the Soviet Union (see Sino-Soviet split)."
},
{
"section_header": "Formation",
"text": "Most prominent was Lin Biao, until his purported defection from China and death in a plane crash in 1971."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was organized by the new leader, Premier Hua Guofeng, and others who had risen during that period."
},
{
"section_header": "\"New Gang of Four\"",
"text": "This group had little in common with the original Gang of Four and whether the new \"Gang\" truly had a coherent set of shared political interests was not clear."
},
{
"section_header": "\"Little Gang of Four\"",
"text": "In 1980, they were charged with \"grave errors\" in the struggle against the Gang of Four and demoted from the Political Bureau to mere Central Committee membership."
},
{
"section_header": "Role",
"text": "Zhang, Yao and Wang were party leaders in Shanghai who had played leading roles in securing that city for Mao during the Cultural Revolution."
},
{
"section_header": "Downfall",
"text": "The radicals hoped that the key military leaders Wang Dongxing and Chen Xilian would support them, but it seems that Hua won the Army over to his side."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Their downfall on October 6, 1976, a mere month after Mao's death, brought about major celebrations on the streets of Beijing and marked the end of a turbulent political era in China."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The gang's leading figure was Jiang Qing (Mao Zedong's last wife)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "They came to prominence during the Cultural Revolution (1966–76) and were later charged with a series of treasonous crimes."
}
] |
The Gang of Four were revolutionist and the leader was the spouse of the People's Republic of China.
| 0 | 0 |
Gang of Four
|
Sports
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Rickey was instrumental in breaking Major League Baseball's color barrier by signing black player Jackie Robinson."
}
] |
IMMhHVGD3jFDGgaCXU1S
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wesley Branch Rickey (December 20, 1881 – December 9, 1965) was an American baseball player and sports executive."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and legacy",
"text": "In 1992, Rotary International of Denver, Colorado, created the Branch Rickey Award, which is given annually to a Major League Baseball player in recognition of exceptional community service."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Rickey was instrumental in breaking Major League Baseball's color barrier by signing black player Jackie Robinson."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | St. Louis Cardinals (1919–1942)",
"text": "At 43 years of age upon his firing, he had been a player, manager and executive in the Major Leagues."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Brooklyn Dodgers (1942–1950) | Breaking the color barrier",
"text": "The service of black Americans in the Second World War, and the celebrated pre-war achievements of black athletes in American sports, such as Joe Louis in boxing and Jesse Owens in track, helped pave the way for the cultural shift necessary to break the barrier."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | President of Continental League",
"text": "But behind the scenes, National and American league owners were working on their own plans to expand their loops and scuttle Rickey's start-up league."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and legacy",
"text": "According to historian Harold Seymour: Branch Rickey stands forth as professional baseball's counterpart of that oldest stereotype of American folklore, the shrewd hard-working, God-fearing Yankee trader."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | President of Continental League",
"text": "By 1993, all of the Continental League's cities except Buffalo were in Major League Baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | President of Continental League",
"text": "In 1961, Minneapolis–Saint Paul got a 60-year-old American League franchise, the transferred Washington Senators, with an expansion team replacing them in the capital."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Brooklyn Dodgers (1942–1950) | Breaking the color barrier",
"text": "\" The business element was based on the fact that the Negro leagues had numerous star athletes, and logically, the first Major League team to hire them would get first pick of the players at an attractive price."
}
] |
Branch Rickey helped get African American players into the major league.
| 2 | 7 |
Branch Rickey
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "The creative process",
"text": "It has been suggested that the icy teasing of the character Estella is based on Ellen Ternan's reluctance to become Dickens's mistress."
}
] |
IN75Ej4bSSmhi1yGLdht
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Themes | Pip's conscience",
"text": "Finally, there are women like Biddy."
},
{
"section_header": "Novels influenced by Great Expectations",
"text": "Mister Pip (2006) is a novel by Lloyd Jones, a New Zealand author."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure | Narrative flow",
"text": "The term \"love\" is generic, applying it to both Pip's true love for Estella and the feelings Estella has for Drummle, which are based on a desire for social advancement."
},
{
"section_header": "The creative process",
"text": "It has been suggested that the icy teasing of the character Estella is based on Ellen Ternan's reluctance to become Dickens's mistress."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Great Expectations's single most obvious literary predecessor is Dickens's earlier first-person narrator-protagonist David Copperfield."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Great Expectations is the thirteenth novel by Charles Dickens and his penultimate completed novel, which depicts the education of an orphan nicknamed Pip (the book is a bildungsroman, a coming-of-age story)."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history | Editions",
"text": "The \"bargain\" edition was published in 1862, the Library Edition in 1864, and the Charles Dickens edition in 1868."
},
{
"section_header": "Genre | Silver fork novel",
"text": "In some respects, Dickens conceived Great Expectations as an anti silver fork novel, attacking Charles Lever's novel A Day's Ride, publication of which began January 1860, in Household Words."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history | Editions",
"text": "Robert L Patten identifies four American editions in 1861 and sees the proliferation of publications in Europe and across the Atlantic as \"extraordinary testimony\" to Great Expectations's popularity."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "\"In 2015, the BBC polled book critics outside the UK about novels by British authors; they ranked Great Expectations fourth on the list of the 100 Greatest British Novels."
}
] |
Great Expectations' author, Charles Dickens, had extramarital relations with a women whom the persona of Estella is based on.
| 2 | 4 |
Great Expectations
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "According to Keats' friend Brown, Keats finished the ode in just one morning: \"In the spring of 1819 a nightingale had built her nest near my house."
}
] |
INJhZjOzeHC2oCPABBjf
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Ode to a Nightingale\" is a poem by John Keats written either in the garden of the Spaniards Inn, Hampstead, London or, according to Keats' friend Charles Armitage Brown, under a plum tree in the garden of Keats' house at Wentworth Place, also in Hampstead."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Death was a constant theme that permeated aspects of Keats poetry because he was exposed to death of his family members throughout his life."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Inspired by the bird's song, Keats composed the poem in one day."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "According to Keats' friend Brown, Keats finished the ode in just one morning: \"In the spring of 1819 a nightingale had built her nest near my house."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Later critical responses",
"text": "\"From the late 1960s onward, many of the Yale School of critics describe the poem as a reworking of John Milton's poetic diction, but, they argued, that poem revealed that Keats lacked the ability of Milton as a poet."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Of Keats's six major odes of 1819, \"Ode to Psyche\", was probably written first and \"To Autumn\" written last."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Keats felt a tranquil and continual joy in her song; and one morning he took his chair from the breakfast-table to the grass-plot under a plum-tree, where he sat for two or three hours."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The poem is one of the most frequently anthologized in the English language."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The exact order the poems in which the poems were written is also unknown, but they form a sequence within their structures."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | 20th-century criticism",
"text": "He concluded on the stanza that \"I do not believe that any reader who has watched Keats at work on the more exquisitely finished of the stanzas in The Eve of St. Agnes, and seen this craftsman slowly elaborating and refining, will ever believe that this perfect stanza was achieved with the easy fluency with which, in the draft we have, it was obviously written down.\" In 1936, F. R. Leavis wrote, \"One remembers the poem both as recording, and as being for the reader, an indulgence.\" Following Leavis, Cleanth Brooks and Robert Penn Warren, in a 1938 essay, saw the poem as \"a very rich poem."
}
] |
"Ode to a Nightingale" was written by John Keats while he was on a vacation with his family.
| 0 | 0 |
Ode to a Nightingale
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life | Childhood and family history",
"text": "His mother was from Baltimore and was the daughter of a bookseller."
}
] |
IO3BtzDQvmRmedXYSwWT
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life | Childhood and family history",
"text": "His father's maternal grandfather, Richard Falley Jr., fought at the Battle of Bunker Hill, and was the son of an immigrant from Guernsey."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Childhood and family history",
"text": "Shortly after, he died from a gastric ulcer, with Grover reputedly hearing of his father's death from a boy selling newspapers."
},
{
"section_header": "Second presidency (1893–1897) | Pullman Strike",
"text": "Leading newspapers of both parties applauded Cleveland's actions, but the use of troops hardened the attitude of organized labor toward his administration."
},
{
"section_header": "First presidency (1885–1889) | Native American policy",
"text": "It ultimately weakened the tribal governments and allowed individual Indians to sell land and keep the money."
},
{
"section_header": "First presidency (1885–1889) | Vetoes",
"text": "Cleveland faced a Republican Senate and often resorted to using his veto powers."
},
{
"section_header": "First presidency (1885–1889) | Vetoes",
"text": "Cleveland used the veto far more often than any president up to that time."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Childhood and family history",
"text": "He became known as Grover in his adult life."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Childhood and family history",
"text": "Grover returned to Clinton and his schooling at the completion of the apprentice contract."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and memorials",
"text": "Grover Cleveland Middle School in his birthplace, Caldwell, New Jersey, was named for him, as is Grover Cleveland High School in Buffalo, New York, and the town of Cleveland, Mississippi."
},
{
"section_header": "First presidency (1885–1889) | Reform",
"text": "He also used his appointment powers to reduce the number of federal employees, as many departments had become bloated with political time-servers."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Childhood and family history",
"text": "His mother was from Baltimore and was the daughter of a bookseller."
}
] |
Grover Cleveland's maternal grandfather use to sell books.
| 1 | 5 |
Grover Cleveland
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a pitcher for the New York Giants of the National League from 1928 to 1943, and remained on the team's payroll for the rest of his life, long after their move to San Francisco."
}
] |
IO4A7zjLNcxHP5DGZvyX
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "At the time of his death, he was one of the last New York Giants still active in some capacity in baseball, and the last player from the McGraw era who was still active in the game."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a pitcher for the New York Giants of the National League from 1928 to 1943, and remained on the team's payroll for the rest of his life, long after their move to San Francisco."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Hubbell was married to Lucille \"Sue\" Harrington (1905–1967) from 1930 until her death."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "During that time, he lived in Haworth, New Jersey; he continued to live there after the Giants left New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Carl Owen Hubbell (June 22, 1903 – November 21, 1988), nicknamed \"The Meal Ticket\" and \"King Carl\", was an American Major League Baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "In its 1936 World Series cover story about Lou Gehrig and Carl Hubbell, Time magazine depicted the Fall Classic that year between crosstown rivals Giants and Yankees as \"a personal struggle between Hubbell and Gehrig\", calling Hubbell \"... currently baseball's No. 1 Pitcher and among the half dozen ablest in the game's annals."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "They had two children: Carl Jr. (b. 1936) and James."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "Hubbell would go 10–6 in his first major league season and would pitch his entire career for the Giants."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "\" Time said that while he was growing up on his family's Missouri farm, he \"practiced for hours...throwing stones at a barn door until he could unfailingly hit knotholes"
},
{
"section_header": "All-Star Game record",
"text": "In the 1934 All Star Game played at the Polo Grounds, Hubbell produced one of Baseball's most memorable moments by striking out five future Hall of Famers in succession: Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig, Jimmie Foxx, Al Simmons and Joe Cronin."
}
] |
Carl Hubbell stayed on the New York Giants payroll until his death.
| 2 | 4 |
Carl Hubbell
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "During 1925–6 he worked as a piano teacher in a government school and was struck by the lack of proper material for children to learn music."
}
] |
IO4G9aJJsdULVUF4uGhY
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dmitry Borisovich Kabalevsky (Russian: Дми́трий Бори́сович Кабале́вский; 30 December [O.S. 17 December] 1904 – 14 February 1987) was a Russian composer and teacher."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a prolific composer of piano music and chamber music; many of his piano works were performed by Vladimir Horowitz."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Kabalevsky wrote for all musical genres and was consistently faithful to the ideals of socialist realism."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Kabalevsky also received the honorary degree of the president of the International Society of Musical Education."
},
{
"section_header": "Works",
"text": "Four Orders of Lenin (1964, 1971, 1974, 1984) Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1966) Order of the Badge of Honour (1940) Lenin Prize (1972) – a new version of the opera \"Colas Breugnon\" (1968) Stalin Prizesfirst class (1946) – for the 2nd quartet (1945) second class (1949) – Concerto for Violin and Orchestra (1948) second class – for the opera \"Taras Family\" (1950)USSR State Prize (1980) – for the 4th Concerto for Piano and Orchestra (\"Prague\") (1979) Glinka State Prize of the RSFSR (1966) – for \"Requiem\" for soloists, two choirs and orchestra (1962) Lenin Komsomol Prize (1984) Ivan Pavlov (1949) See List of compositions by Dmitry Kabalevsky"
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "He also worked as a music critic for the All-Union Radio and as an editor for the Sovetskaya muzïka and the publisher Muzgiz."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "He was awarded a number of state honours for his musical works, including those given by the Soviet government."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "During 1925–6 he worked as a piano teacher in a government school and was struck by the lack of proper material for children to learn music."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Kabalevsky was a prolific composer in many ways; he wrote symphonies, concertos, operas, ballets, chamber works, songs, theatre, film scores, pieces for children and some pieces for the proletariat."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Unlike fellow composer Sergei Prokofiev, Kabalevsky embraced the ideas of socialist realism, and his post-war works have been characterized as \"popular, bland, and successful,\" though this judgement has been applied to many other composers of the time."
}
] |
Dmitry Borisovich Kabalevsky worked as a music instructor.
| 0 | 0 |
Dmitry Kabalevsky
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Substances respond weakly to magnetic fields with three other types of magnetism—paramagnetism, diamagnetism, and antiferromagnetism—but the forces are usually so weak that they can be detected only by sensitive instruments in a laboratory."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ferromagnetism (along with the similar effect ferrimagnetism) is the strongest type and is responsible for the common phenomenon of magnetism in magnets encountered in everyday life."
}
] |
IPLziWHyxXTO1aFBxjRw
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Ferromagnetic materials | Actinide ferromagnets",
"text": "c}{a}}-1=-(120\\pm 5)\\times 10^{-4}} which is the largest strain in any actinide compound."
},
{
"section_header": "Explanation | Curie temperature",
"text": "The study of ferromagnetic phase transitions, especially via the simplified Ising spin model, had an important impact on the development of statistical physics."
},
{
"section_header": "Ferromagnetic materials | Actinide ferromagnets",
"text": "− ( 120 ± 5 ) × 10 − 4 {\\displaystyle {\\frac {"
},
{
"section_header": "Ferromagnetic materials",
"text": "Conversely there are non-magnetic alloys, such as types of stainless steel, composed almost exclusively of ferromagnetic metals."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In physics, several different types of magnetism are distinguished."
},
{
"section_header": "History and distinction from ferrimagnetism",
"text": "One is ferromagnetism in the strict sense, where all the magnetic moments are aligned."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ferromagnetism (along with the similar effect ferrimagnetism) is the strongest type and is responsible for the common phenomenon of magnetism in magnets encountered in everyday life."
},
{
"section_header": "Explanation | Exchange interaction",
"text": "In addition to ferromagnetism, the exchange interaction is also responsible for the other types of spontaneous ordering of atomic magnetic moments occurring in magnetic solids, antiferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism."
},
{
"section_header": "Ferromagnetic materials | Lithium gas",
"text": "In 2009, a team of MIT physicists demonstrated that a lithium gas cooled to less than one kelvin can exhibit ferromagnetism."
},
{
"section_header": "Explanation | Origin of magnetism",
"text": "One of the fundamental properties of an electron (besides that it carries charge) is that it has a magnetic dipole moment"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Substances respond weakly to magnetic fields with three other types of magnetism—paramagnetism, diamagnetism, and antiferromagnetism—but the forces are usually so weak that they can be detected only by sensitive instruments in a laboratory."
}
] |
Ferromagnetism is just one of 4 types of magnetism.
| 0 | 0 |
Ferromagnetism
|
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