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Dataset card Data Studio Files Community
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Definition1
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statistical significance
when a statistical test says that the relationship we have observed is probably not due to chance alone
an observed difference between two descriptive statistics (such as means) that is unlikely due to chance
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statistical significance
a statistical statement of how likely it is that an obtained result occurred by chance indicates likelihood not importance
statement of how likely it is that an obtained result occured by chance
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statistical significance
an observed difference between two descriptive statistics that is unlikely to have occurred by chance represents
how likely it is that the findings are due to randomness and not a true effect
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statistical significance
the condition that exists when the probability that the observed findings are due to chance is very low (< 5% likely to occur by chance).
significant because the results most likely did not occur by chance (need a p value ≤.05)
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statistical significance
statistical significance is achieved when the resort is very unlikely to occur by chance
how likely it is that an obtained result occurred by chance. statistical sig. is achieved when the results of the study are unlikely to happen by chance. unlikely=(<5% chance)
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statistical significance
a number representing the probability that the result of a study could have happened purely by chance
a number that expresses the probability that the result of a given experiment or study could have occurred purely by chance.
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statistical significance
a general term that refers to the likelihood that relationships observed in a sample could be attributed to chance (sampling error) alone
a term indicating that the results from an analysis of sample data are unlikely to have been caused by chance, at a specific level of probability
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statistical significance
an observed difference between two descriptive statistics that is unlikely to have occurred by chance represents
when p<0.05 less than 5% chance that the correlation is due to chance alone
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statistical significance
when a result from testing/experimenting is not likely to occur randomly, but is instead likely to be attributable to a specific cause.
a claim that a result from a test is not likely to occur randomly, but is instead likely to be from a specific cause
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statistical significance
a significant result is one that has a very low probability of occurring if the population means are equal
matter of probability. low probability that the difference between obtained sample means was due to random error.
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statistical significance
a standard for deciding whether an observed result is because of chance.
observed effect so extreme it would rarely occur by chance
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statistical significance
if p < .05, reject the null hypothesis and accept the research hypothesis (statistical significance)
rejection of the null hypothesis when an outcome has a low probability of occurence
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statistical significance
an observed difference between two descriptive statistics that is unlikely to have occurred by chance represents
an observed difference between two descriptive statistics (such as means) that is unlikely due to chance
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statistical significance
matter of probability. low probability that the difference between obtained sample means was due to random error.
low probability that difference between obtained sample -> random error
1
0
statistical significance
a significant result is one that has a very low probability of occurring if the population means are equal
low probability that difference between obtained sample -> random error
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statistical significance
there is a difference, an unusual event that has a low probability of occurring by chance when h0 is true.
similar to confidence interval-- differences were unlikely to have occurred due to chance alone, caused by the treatment
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statistical significance
means that the differences in group means are not likely due to chance
degree of difference between the performance of the two groups if the difference is large enough, then it is unlikely that the difference is due to chance
1
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statistical significance
the likelihood that the results of a study such as an association between variables, could have occurred by chance
there is a difference, an unusual event that has a low probability of occurring by chance when h0 is true.
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statistical significance
how likely a result is by chance; cutoff value for stastical significance is p value of .05
a statistical statement of how likely it is that an obtained result occurred by chance (p value should be less than or equal to 3)
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statistical significance
a significant result is one that has a very low probability of occurring if the population means are equal
exists when the probability that the observed findings are due to chance is very low; precision and intolerance of error
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statistical significance
how likely a result is by chance; cutoff value for stastical significance is p value of .05
a p value of .05 is the cut-off for statistical significant results, ie not based in chance.
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statistical significance
a statistical statement of how likely it is that an obtained result occurred by chance. (myers psychology for ap 2e p. 060)
a measure of how likely it is that an obtained result occurred by chance. showed by the p-value. the smaller the p the more significant the results. (<0.05)
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statistical significance
when there is very low probability of a result occurring if the population means are equal, or because of random error.
exists when the probability that the observed findings are due to chance is very low; precision and intolerance of error
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software maintenance
the process of modifying software after delivery to correct faults, improve performance, or adapt to an environment
modifying a program after it has been put into use
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software maintenance
the process of modifying a software system or component after delivery to correct faults, improve performance or other attributes, or adapt to a changed environment
modifying a program after it has been put into use
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software maintenance
the process of modifying software after delivery to correct faults, improve performance, or adapt to an environment
the process of modifying a software system or component after delivery to correct faults, improve performance or other attributes, or adapt to a changed environment
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relational algebra
domain — the set of relations operations: - unary: select, project - join: cartesian product, theta-join, natural join - set operations: union, intersection, difference - others: division
a set of mathematical principles that form the basis for manipulating relational table; the eight main funcitons are select, project, join, intersect, union, difference, product, and divide.
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relational algebra
select project join union cross product difference
defines the theoretical way of manipulating table contents using relational operators, act on existing tables to produce new tables. ex select, project, join, union, subtract
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relational algebra
set of mathematical principles that form the basis for manipulating relational table contents. i'm
a theoretical way of manipulating a relational database based on set theory
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relational algebra
select project join union cross product difference
the relational algebra is a procedural language • select • project • cross product (join) • set union • set difference • rename
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relational algebra
take one or two relations as input and return a relation as output.
a procedural query language consisting of a set of operations that take one or two relations as input and produce a new relation as output.
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relational algebra
select project join union cross product difference
domain — the set of relations operations: - unary: select, project - join: cartesian product, theta-join, natural join - set operations: union, intersection, difference - others: division
0
0
relational algebra
select project join union cross product difference
a set of mathematical principles that form the basis for manipulating relational table; the eight main funcitons are select, project, join, intersect, union, difference, product, and divide.
0
0
relational algebra
is a formal system with well-founded semantics used for modeling the data stored in relational databases and defining queries on it. created by e.f. coddwhile at ibm.
- theoretical way of manipulating a relational database
1
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relational algebra
domain — the set of relations operations: - unary: select, project - join: cartesian product, theta-join, natural join - set operations: union, intersection, difference - others: division
the relational algebra is a procedural language • select • project • cross product (join) • set union • set difference • rename
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relational algebra
a theoretical way of manipulating a relational database. relational algebra includes operations that act on existing tables to produce new tables
a relational data manipulation language in which new tables are created from existing tables through the use of a set of operations.
1
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relational algebra
theoretical way of manipulating table contents using relational operators (select, project, join, union, intersection, subtract, product, rename)
domain — the set of relations operations: - unary: select, project - join: cartesian product, theta-join, natural join - set operations: union, intersection, difference - others: division
1
0
relational algebra
theoretical way of manipulating table contents using relational operators (select, project, join, union, intersection, subtract, product, rename)
the relational algebra is a procedural language • select • project • cross product (join) • set union • set difference • rename
3
1
relational algebra
theoretical way of manipulating table contents using relational operators (select, project, join, union, intersection, subtract, product, rename)
defines the theoretical way of manipulating table contents using relational operators, act on existing tables to produce new tables. ex select, project, join, union, subtract
0
0
relational algebra
a set of mathematical principles that form the basis for manipulating relational table; the eight main funcitons are select, project, join, intersect, union, difference, product, and divide.
the relational algebra is a procedural language • select • project • cross product (join) • set union • set difference • rename
1
0
relational algebra
theoretical way of manipulating table contents using relational operators (select, project, join, union, intersection, subtract, product, rename)
a set of mathematical principles that form the basis for manipulating relational table; the eight main funcitons are select, project, join, intersect, union, difference, product, and divide.
1
0
relational algebra
procedural language. theoretical way of manipulating table contents using relational operators.
is a formal system with well-founded semantics used for modeling the data stored in relational databases and defining queries on it. created by e.f. coddwhile at ibm.
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1
relational algebra
procedural language. theoretical way of manipulating table contents using relational operators.
- theoretical way of manipulating a relational database
1
0
legacy systems
term used to describe older systems that are typically less technologically advanced than currently available systems.
older systems a company uses
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legacy systems
out-of-date computer systems and may include obsolete or aged hardware, outdated software and even older operating systems. they can be transactional or another type of system.
refers to outdated computer systems, programming languages or application software that are used instead of available upgraded versions.
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legacy systems
older systems that rely on languages and technology that are no longer used for new systems development and may be dependent on older hardware.
refers to outdated computer systems, programming languages or application software that are used instead of available upgraded versions.
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legacy systems
older systems using outdated technology but are still functionable
older systems a company uses
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legacy systems
older information systems that are often incompatible with other systems, technologies, & ways of conducting business
obsolete information systems that are not designed to share data, are not compatible with new technologies, and not aligned with current needs.
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legacy systems
older transaction processing systems created for mainframe computers that continue to be used to avoid the high cost of replacing or redesigning them
old tsp originally designed for mainframe computers that continue to be used to avoid the costs of replacing or redesigning them.
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legacy systems
out-of-date computer systems and may include obsolete or aged hardware, outdated software and even older operating systems. they can be transactional or another type of system.
older systems that rely on languages and technology that are no longer used for new systems development
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legacy systems
an existing system in operation within an organization (older technology)
are older information systems maintained over decades because they fulfill critical needs. - they are difficult and expensive to maintain, update, and interface securely with leading-edge business applications.
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legacy systems
older transaction processing systems created for mainframe computers that continue to be used to avoid the high cost of replacing or redesigning them
a system that has been in existence for a long time and that continues to be used to avoid the high cost of replacing or redesigning it
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legacy systems
older systems that rely on languages and technology that are no longer used for new systems development and may be dependent on older hardware.
out-of-date computer systems and may include obsolete or aged hardware, outdated software and even older operating systems. they can be transactional or another type of system.
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legacy systems
an existing system in operation within an organization (older technology)
an old system that is fast approaching or beyond the end of its useful life with in an organization.
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virtual memory
splits processes up and swaps parts in and out of memory (uses both disk space and main memory)
technique that allows the execution of processes that are not completely in memory, by temporarily transferring pages from ram to disk, by separating the logical and physical memory.
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virtual memory
-secondary memory -virtual address space is mapped onto main memory address -mostly implemented in software (memory management software in the o/s)
a memory management technique that is implemented using both hardware and software. it maps memory addresses used by a program, called virtual addresses, into physical addresses in computer memory.
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virtual memory
allows programs to run even when they are only partially in main memory
allows a program to run with only a subset of its assigned address space in main memory
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virtual memory
using a portion of the hard drive as an extension of ram
a technique that uses a portion of the computer's hard disk as an extension of ram.
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virtual memory
when the ram runs out of space, the cpu can designate part of the hard disk as acting like ram and will be treated as such
the space used on the hard drive used as ram when ram is full instructions and data for all running programs are loaded in ram.
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virtual memory
a section of the hard disc used as if it were ram to supplement the amount of main memory available to the computer
disk space used as part of main memory
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virtual memory
separation of user logical memory from physical memory only part of the program needs to be in memory for execution
separation of user logical memory from physical memory (technique frees programmers from the concerns of memory-storage limitations, only parts of a program needs to be in memory for execution)
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virtual memory
separate the address in a running program (virtual address) and the address in real or primary memory (real address)
a storage allocation scheme in which secondary memory can be addressed as though it were a part of main memory.
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virtual memory
using a portion of the hard drive as an extension of ram
a portion of the hard disk is used as an extension of ram, additional memory is available
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virtual memory
a technique that allows programs to be executed even though they are not entirely stored in memory.
aka vm, technique allows programs to be executed even tho they're temporarily stored in secondary storage
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virtual memory
allows programs to run even when they are only partially in main memory
-early schemes required the entire program be loaded into main memory -programs had to be loaded into contiguous memory locations -modern memory management solves these problems
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virtual memory
area of secondary storage used by the os as extra ram.
memory that appears to be main storage although most if it is held in secondary storage
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virtual memory
technique that allows the execution of processes that are not completely in memory, by temporarily transferring pages from ram to disk, by separating the logical and physical memory.
space on a hard disk or other storage device that simulates random access memory; typically used as an applications address space on machines that have it implemented.
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virtual memory
(computer science) memory created by using the hard disk to simulate additional random-access memory
space on a hard disk or other storage device that simulates random access memory. allows for effective multiprogramming and relives user of tight constraints of main memory.
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virtual memory
seemingly an endless supply of memory the operating system provides by coordinating, tracking, and efficiently allocating the use of the cpu cache, registers, ram, and disk storage.
allows a computer to compensate for shortages of physical memory by temporarily transferring pages of data from ram to disk storage
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virtual memory
- space allocated on the hard-drive and used as memory when ram is full. - a lot slower than ram
process of optimizing ram storage by borrowing hard drive space -unused hard disk that expands capacity of ram
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virtual memory
memory that appears to exist as primary storage although most of it is supported by data in the secondary(transfer between them is made automatically)
a portion of a secondary memory medium functioning as additional primary memory
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virtual memory
online secondary memory that is used as an extension of primary memory, giving appearance of larger internal memory
the use of secondary storage devices as an extension of the primary storage of the computer, thus giving the appearance of a larger main memory than actually exists.
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virtual memory
the separation of logical memory as perceived by users from physical memory
separation of user logical memory and physical memory
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virtual memory
a memory-management technique that uses hard drive space as additional ram
part of the hard drive that the operating system uses as additional ram.
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virtual memory
-process is provided with abstract addr space broken into pages by segment -process generates virtual addr -os: virtual -> physical -paging system manages free space
provides virtual address mapping between applications and hardware memory. can also multitask and allow multiple processes to access the same shared library in memory, swapping and others.
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virtual memory
separate the address in a running program (virtual address) and the address in real or primary memory (real address)
storage space that may be regarded as addressable main storage by the user of a computer system in which virtual addresses are mapped into real addresses.
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virtual memory
a portion of a storage medium, usually the hard disk, that the operating system allocates to function as additional ram.
a portion of a storage medium, such as a hard drive or usb flash drive, that the operating system allocates to function as additional ram
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virtual memory
secondary storage. when ram is full, the computer needs somewhere to put data. vm moves data that hasn't been used recently to a secondary system.
location on secondary storage, i.e. hard drive, used as an extension if ram is filled with data.
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virtual memory
the use of secondary storage devices as an extension of the primary storage of the computer, thus giving the appearance of a larger main memory than actually exists.
a storage allocation scheme in which secondary memory can be addressed as though it were a part of main memory.
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virtual memory
separation of user logical memory from physical memory (technique frees programmers from the concerns of memory-storage limitations, only parts of a program needs to be in memory for execution)
involves separation of logical memory as perceived by user from physical memory. only part of the program needs to be in memory for execution.
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virtual memory
the space used on the hard drive used as ram when ram is full instructions and data for all running programs are loaded in ram.
virtual memory is part of the hard drive used as an extension to ram (used when you run out of space on the ram)
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virtual memory
an area of secondary storage that allows the user to run programs when there is insufficient ram.
- space allocated on the hard-drive and used as memory when ram is full. - a lot slower than ram
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virtual memory
memory created by using the hard disk to be used as an extention to ram
simulated memory that is implemented as a page file on a hard drive.
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virtual memory
technique of breaking files requested from secondary memory into smaller more manageable files
breaks files from secondary memory into smaller files to fit in ram -smaller files=pages
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virtual memory
a technique that uses a portion of the computer's hard disk as an extension of ram.
a portion of the hard disk is used as an extension of ram, additional memory is available
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virtual memory
space on a hard disk or other storage device that simulates random access memory.
(computer science) memory created by using the hard disk to simulate additional random-access memory
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virtual memory
storage space that may be regarded as addressable main storage by the user of a computer system in which virtual addresses are mapped into real addresses.
a storage allocation scheme in which secondary memory can be addressed as though it were a part of main memory.
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virtual memory
when ram is full, a section of secondary storage is used as extra ram
hard drive is used as ram when ram is nearly full. very slow to access.
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virtual memory
&"using part of the hard disk as if it were random access memory.allows more applications to be open than physical memory could hold.&"
a section of the hard disc used as if it were ram to supplement the amount of main memory available to the computer
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virtual memory
separation of user logical memory from physical memory only part of the program needs to be in memory for execution
involves separation of logical memory as perceived by user from physical memory. only part of the program needs to be in memory for execution.
1
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virtual memory
-process is provided with abstract addr space broken into pages by segment -process generates virtual addr -os: virtual -> physical -paging system manages free space
how our os provides the physical memory available in our computer (like ram) to the applications that run on the computer; creates a mapping, of virtual to physical addresses.
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virtual memory
space on the computer's storage devices, usually the hard disk drive, that simulates additional ram. it is much slower.
typically implemented using a hard drive; extends the address space from ram to the hard drive; provides more space
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virtual memory
separates logical memory from physical memory. allows the logical memory space to be much larger than the actual physical memory.
separation of user logical memory and physical memory
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virtual memory
a part of a hard disk used to store overflow data from ram.
when ram is full the operating system uses storage on the hard disk drive as an extension to ram. very slow to read / write data.
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virtual memory
technique that allows the execution of processes that are not completely in memory, by temporarily transferring pages from ram to disk, by separating the logical and physical memory.
space on a hard disk or other storage device is used as main memory (ram) - allows the execution of process that is not completely in the memory
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virtual memory
an area of secondary storage that allows the user to run programs when there is insufficient ram.
process of optimizing ram storage by borrowing hard drive space -unused hard disk that expands capacity of ram
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virtual memory
the space on the hard drive where the operating system stores data if there isn't enough random access memory to hold all of the programs your currently trying to run
when ram is full the operating system uses storage on the hard disk drive as an extension to ram. very slow to read / write data.
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virtual memory
the space on the hard drive where the operating system stores data if there isn't enough random access memory to hold all of the programs your currently trying to run
the space on the hard drive where the operating system stores data if there isn't enough ram
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virtual memory
a part of a hard disk used to store overflow data from ram.
hard drive space that is used as temporary ram
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virtual memory
when the ram runs out of space, the cpu can designate part of the hard disk as acting like ram and will be treated as such
virtual memory is part of the hard drive used as an extension to ram (used when you run out of space on the ram)