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31248116
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Best%20Friends%20%281975%20film%29
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Best Friends (1975 film)
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Best Friends is a 1975 American drama film directed by Noel Nosseck and starring Doug Chapin (who also wrote a part of the screenplay's dialogue) and Richard Hatch. The film centers on the slow psychotic deterioration of a Vietnam war veteran who aims to restore his carefree youth by eliminating his best friend's marital engagement.
Plot
Cast
External links
1975 films
1975 drama films
Crown International Pictures films
American road movies
American films
Teensploitation
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21675865
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating-time%20temporal%20logic
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Alternating-time temporal logic
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In computer science, alternating-time temporal logic, or ATL, is a branching-time temporal logic that extends computation tree logic (CTL) to multiple players. ATL naturally describes computations of multi-agent systems and multiplayer video games. Quantification in ATL is over program-paths that are possible outcomes of games. ATL uses alternating-time formulas to construct model-checkers in order to address problems such as receptiveness, realizability, and controllability.
Examples
In ATL, we can write logical formulas such as that expresses the fact that agents a and b have a strategy to ensure that the property p holds in the future, whatever the other agents of the system are performing.
Extensions and variants
ATL* is the extension of ATL, as CTL* extends CTL. ATL* allows to write more complex temporal objectives, for instance . Belardinelli et al. proposes a variant of ATL on finite traces. ATL has been extended with context, in order to store the current strategies played by the agents. ATL* is extended by strategy logic.
ATL has been generalized to include epistemic features. In 2003, van der Hoek and Woodridge proposed ATEL: the logic ATL augmented with an epistemic operator from epistemic logic. In 2004, Pierre-Yves Schobbens proposed variants of ATL with imperfect recall.
In ATL we cannot express properties about individual objectives. That is why, in 2010, Chatterjee, Henzinger and Piterman introduced strategy logic, a first-order logic in which strategies are first-order citizens. Strategy logic subsumes both ATL and ATL*.
See also
Linear temporal logic
References
Logic in computer science
Modal logic
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23841320
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Soviet%20films%20of%201977
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List of Soviet films of 1977
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1977
External links
Soviet films of 1977 at the Internet Movie Database
1977
Soviet
Films
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5198028
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nebolu
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İnebolu
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İnebolu is a town and district of the Kastamonu Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is from Istanbul by road and north of Kastamonu. It is a typical Black Sea port town with many fine examples of traditional domestic architecture. According to the 2000 census, population of the district is 26,848 of which 9,486 live in the town of İnebolu. The district covers an area of , and the town lies at an elevation of .
History
See Aboniteichos/Ionopolis for Ancient and ecclesiastical history
The exact founding date of İnebolu is unknown. İnebolu was initially called Aboniteichos. The name was changed to Ionopolis in the middle of the 2nd century CE. Over time, the name "Ionopolis" metamorphosed to "Inepolis", and then to "İnebolu", though sometimes spelled "Ineboli" by foreign travellers.
By 1834, İnebolu was considered a sub-district of today's city of Kure (approx. inland), but it became a district in its own right in 1867. In the late 19th and early 20th century, İnebolu was part of the Kastamonu Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire.
Visiting in August 1893, British parliamentarian and explorer H. F. B. Lynch noted how little then remained of the old Greek cities of the 'Argonautic shore'. At "Ineboli" he reports finding a fragment of ancient sculpted marble near the shore, and describes the town as a line of white-faced houses with roofs of red tiles [that] nestles beneath the mountain wall. The Greeks live on one side, the Turks on the other: and the intelligent man to whom you naturally address yourself is an Armenian in European dress. Lynch also reports that "carriageable roads" had recently been constructed inland to Kastamuni.
During the Turkish War of Independence, arms and ammunition were transferred to Anatolia through İnebolu. The town was attacked and defended itself with determination, for which it was honoured with the Independence Medal by the Turkish Grand National Assembly.
Atatürk initiated a campaign in İnebolu to reform personal appearance and "civilize" garments; Atatürk made a well-known speech about hats there.
As of 1920, İnebolu was populated mainly by Turks, and was estimated at having a population of around 9,000. The port exported mohair, animal hide, wool, and hemp. They imported mainly manufactured products.
In accordance with the population exchange between Greece and Turkey in 1923, the town's Greek inhabitants were exiled to Greece. Many of these emigrants settled in a neighborhood called Inepolis in the Athenian suburb of Nea Ionia.
Archaeology
There is little left of archaeological note in İnebolu, other than the ruins of its first, second and third fortifications.
The ruins of the first castle, most of which has been destroyed and upon which much has been built, are located in Boyran. The east wall of the castle extends from the İnebolu River, over the Abas hill, and up to the quarter called Avara. The ruins of the fortress walls are located around the cemeteries on the Abas hills. A part of the north wall of the interior castle, which is 6 meters high and 3 meters wide, still stands.
The second castle stood where today's Karadeniz primary school is. A few parts of the walls can still be seen.
The third castle is on Gerisch hill, from where the whole region of İnebolu can be seen. It is located south of the town and is of considerable height. There are also the undated ruins of a monastery, which have been heavily pillaged by artifact-seekers. Only some parts of the walls, large main entrance stairs, the baptismal basin and well remain. Greeks who live in İnebolu celebrate the 15th of August here by holding a feast.
Geography
There are many small towns scattered around İnebolu. To the east lie Abana and Bozkurt. To the west is Cide and to the south lie Devrekani and Küre.
Küre Mountains (formerly Isfendiyar Mountains) rise above the coastline, which is narrow and steep, with few sandy beaches.
The sea around İnebolu is approximately 200 meters deep.
Rivers
The region's rivers flow down from the Isfendiyar mountains through İnebolu and its surroundings to the Black Sea. The river beds are irregular and deep. The currents are strong.
Some of the important rivers around İnebolu are:
Adıyaman Çayı
Doğanyurt Çayı
Gemiciler Çayı
Kızılkara Çayı
Koyran Çayı
Küre Çayı
Manastır Çayı
Özlüce Çayı
Topography
The town is surrounded by many hills of varying height. The most well-known are the Geriş hill (Geriş Tepesi), which is 495 meters high, and the Islam hill to the southwest, which is 589 metres high.
Other hills are :
To the east, Darıca hill, Manastır hill (789 m)
To the west, Abas hill (1261 m), Keleştiren hill (1260 m)
To the southwest, Çuha hill
To the southeast, Yukarı Bozu hill (389 m)
Climate
İnebolu has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfb). The warmest months in the summer are July and August. The coldest months in the winter are January and February. The coldest monthly average is and the warmest monthly average is . The annual average temperature is approximately .
Vegetation
The region is thickly wooded.
Economy
Historically, the port of İnebolu was a bustling merchant city, long considered the gateway to east. Its Chamber of Commerce was founded in 1887; at the time, records indicate that İnebolu was home to 2500 registered merchants and 1000 independent craftsmen. However, traffic was eventually routed around Kastamonu and İnebolu lost its commercial importance, leaving only the timber industry viable.
As of 1920, İnebolu was the location of a small shipbuilding industry at the Inebolu Shipyard. The boats built were described as being of "primitive design but sound workmanship." They were generally exported to Istanbul.
Land use
Soil conditions make most agriculture difficult, but fruit, wheat and corn are cultivated. Inland, there are thick forests and grasslands where cattle is farmed.
Fruit and vegetables
Tomatoes, beans, zucchini and paprika are the most popular vegetables grown in İnebolu. Chestnuts, pears, mulberries, figs, walnuts, cranberry and hazelnuts are also grown in the region.
Mushrooms and wild strawberries are famous in this region and can be found in the woods easily.
Beekeeping
İnebolu is known for its thriving apiary industry.
Fishery
A fishing co-operative was established in 1986. Depending on the season, one can find the following fish species in İnebolu: anchovy, turbot, whiting, horse mackerel, grey mullet, bluefish, çinekop ("young of the bluefish"), bonito, mackerel, thornback ray, garfish and so on.
Forestry
Forestry is important in İnebolu. There are 672.10 square kilometres of forest. are mixed woodland, where beech, black fir, oak, birch tree and pine can all be found. are wild forest. are controlled forest and trees.
The export of timber products increased from 1985 to 1996 by 250%. In 1986, the town had 20 timber processing enterprises.
Hunting
This region is home to wild boars and bears.
Architecture
İnebolu has several examples of traditional Turkish architecture in the Ottoman style. By the end of the 19th century many wealthy inhabitants İnebolu built large houses along the banks of the İkiçay river that divides the town. By 1890, the town had hundreds of houses built in this special style:
The ground floor is built of stone and contains a cellar and pantry. Above it are one or two stories, each containing four bedrooms, one antechamber, a kitchen and toilet. Each of the floors is built so that it can easily be converted into one independent flat by closing a single door. This feature allows the married children of families to continue living in the same ancestral home they grew up in. Each floor also has its own separate street access.
The rooms have many windows and each room has a corbel and framework which enables the women to look out onto the street without being seen. The ceilings of the rooms are high and covered in carved art. Hand-rails in the houses are carved from a single piece of wood.
Most of the houses have roofs that are tiled with a special sea-stone called marla . The tiles are wide, thin and heavy, and protect the houses from the strong northeast winds that blow across the Black Sea. The stone also provides an excellent insulation against heat.
Each house has an orchard garden, where fruits such as plums, mulberries, apples, pears, hazelnuts and walnuts are grown. Each garden has a well, which is used to refrigerate foodstuffs during the hot summer days.
The houses are painted with a special claret mineral pigment known as aşı boyası, which is highly resistant to sunlight and weathering.
Transport
There is no passenger boat service to İnebolu. However, motorways and highways are sufficient and in good condition. There are several private bus companies which have scheduled bus service to and from Istanbul, Ankara and the provincial capital of Kastamonu. Nearby towns such Kure, Cide, Abana and Bozkurt can be travelled to by mini-buses which run many times a day.
In popular culture
In the early summer of 2015, the movie Mustang'' was filmed in and around the town, the geography of which was featured prominently.
Villages
Akçay
Akgüney
Akkonak
Aktaş
Alaca
Aşağıçaylı
Atabeyli
Ayva
Ayvat
Başköy
Bayıralan
Belen
Belence
Belören
Beyler
Çamdalı
Çamlıca
Çaydüzü
Çaykıyı
Çiçekyazı
Çubuk
Deliktaş
Deresökü
Dibek
Dikili
Doğanören
Durupınar
Erenyolu
Erkekarpa
Esenyurt
Gemiciler
Göçkün
Gökbel
Gökçevre
Güde
Güneşli
Hacıibrahim
Hacımehmet
Hamitköy
Hayrioğlu
Hörmetli
İkiyaka
İkizler
Kabalar
Kabalarsökü
Karabey
Karşıyaka
Kayaelması
Keloğlu
Korupınar
Köroğlu
Köseköy
Kuzluk
Musaköy
Örtülü
Özbaşı
Özlüce
Sakalar
Salıcıoğlu
Soğukpınar
Sökü
Şamalı
Şamaoğlu
Şeyhömer
Taşburun
Taşoluk
Toklukaya
Uğrak
Uluköy
Uluyol
Üçevler
Üçlüce
Yakaboyu
Yamaç
Yaztepe
Yeşilöz
Yolüstü
Yukarıçaylı
Yukarıköy
Yunusköy
Yuvacık
Notes
References
External links
District governor's official website
Inebolu (Inepolis)
Inebolu (Pearl of the Black Sea)
Hundreds of pictures of Inebolu and hinterland
Populated places in Kastamonu Province
Recipients of the Medal of Independence with White Ribbon (Turkey)
Fishing communities in Turkey
Populated coastal places in Turkey
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35334967
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90or%C4%91e%20Stefanovi%C4%87
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Đorđe Stefanović
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Đorđe Stefanović (also transliterated Djordje; 8 November 1921 – 30 July 2012) was an athlete who competed for Yugoslavia at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, where he was eliminated in the opening round of the men's 3000 metres steeplechase. He was born in Budapest, Hungary and was a member of AK Partizan.
References
External links
1921 births
2012 deaths
Serbian male steeplechase runners
Yugoslav male steeplechase runners
Olympic athletes of Yugoslavia
Athletes (track and field) at the 1948 Summer Olympics
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48627849
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea%20Beduschi
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Andrea Beduschi
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Andrea Beduschi (born 25 February 1992) is an Italian footballer.
Biography
Born in Treviglio, in the Province of Bergamo, Lombardy, Beduschi started his career at AlbinoLeffe, which also from the same province. In 2011, he was signed by SPAL in a co-ownership deal.
In June 2012 AlbinoLeffe bought back Beduschi. On 29 August 2012 Beduschi and former AlbinoLeffe team-mate Malomo, were signed by Prato in another co-ownership deals, from AlbinoLeffe and Roma respectively. In June 2013 AlbinoLeffe bought back Beduschi.
In summer 2014 Beduschi was signed by Monza. On 22 January 2015 Beduschi was signed by Lecce.
After not playing in the 2018–19 season, on 23 August 2019 he signed a 1-year contract with Fano. On 2 January 2020, his Fano contract was terminated by mutual consent.
References
External links
AIC profile (data by football.it)
Italian footballers
U.C. AlbinoLeffe players
S.P.A.L. players
A.C. Prato players
A.C. Monza players
U.S. Lecce players
Alma Juventus Fano 1906 players
Serie B players
Serie C players
Association football central defenders
People from Treviglio
Footballers from Lombardy
1992 births
Living people
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56510906
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89mile%20Pladner
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Émile Pladner
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Émile Pladner (2 September 1906 – 15 March 1980) was a French boxer who was flyweight champion of France, Europe, and the world, and bantamweight champion of France and Europe.
Career
Born in Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme, Pladner won a gold medal at the 1925 European Amateur Boxing Championships, and made his professional debut in January 1926 with a win over Rene Boriello. He won his first 13 fights before being held to a draw in January 1927 by Kid Socks. Awarded the French flyweight title after opponent Francois Moracchini withdrew at the last minute, he defended it successfully against Moracchini in February 1927, and over the course of that year added wins over Michel Montreuil, Alf Barber, Nicolas Petit-Biquet, and two further wins over Moracchini. He suffered the first defeat of his career in December 1927 when he lost a points decision to Johnny Hill at the National Sporting Club in London.
Pladner had been due to challenge Victor Ferrand for the latter's European title, but when the champion pulled out, Pladner was awarded the title. Pladner was beaten again by Hill in March 1928 in a fight incorrectly reported in some places as for the European title. He made a successful defence of his French and European titles in May 1928, knocking out Marcel Josie in the twelfth round at the Salle Wagram.
Pladner beat French featherweight champion Robert Tassin in October 1928, and Ernie Jarvis in December, and in February 1929 faced Hill again, this time beating the Scotsman via a sixth-round knockout, the only defeat of Hill's career.
In March 1929, Pladner challenged for Frankie Genaro's IBU and NBA world titles at the Vélodrome d'hiver, Paris. Pladner knocked Genaro out with a body shot within the first minute of the first round to become world champion. Pladner and Genaro met again the next month, with Genero regaining the world title after Pladner was disqualified for a low blow. Pladner expressed an intention to move up to bantamweight, but in June 1929 defended his European and French flyweight titles against Eugene Huat. Huat stopped him in the fifteenth and final round to take the titles.
Pladner won his first fight at bantamweight, beating Kid Socks on points in October 1929. In December 1929, Pladner beat European bantamweight champion Carlos Flix in a non-title fight. After losing to Huat again in May 1930, he put together a run of eleven fights unbeaten, before losing a points decision in April 1931 to Benny Sharkey. In May 1931, he beat Francois Biron on points to take the French bantamweight title, making a successful defence against Biron in September.
In 1932 Pladner travelled to Canada for a series of fights, including a tournament to find a challenger for world champion Panama Al Brown. Pladner won five of these fights, the last a win over Newsboy Brown, with one drawn, and in September 1932 faced the world champion at Maple Leaf Gardens in Toronto. The fight was a short one, with Brown knocking Pladner out in the first round. His Canadian adventure over, Pladner was beaten again by Brown in Paris in November 1932, and was beaten by Young Perez in Tunis in January 1933.
Over the next two years, Pladner lost only two fights (to Perez and Kid Francis), a period that included successful defences of his French bantamweight title against Joseph Decico, Frank Harsen, and Huat. He lost the title in April 1935, Decico taking a points verdict. In July 1935, the IBU recognised Pladner as the European bantamweight champion.
In October 1935, Pladner lost his European title to Maurice Dubois, losing on points. He retired in 1936 with a final record of 104 wins, 16 losses, and 13 draws.
References
External links
1906 births
1980 deaths
Sportspeople from Clermont-Ferrand
French male boxers
Flyweight boxers
Bantamweight boxers
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45059323
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unnao%20dead%20bodies%20row
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Unnao dead bodies row
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On 14 January 2015, more than one hundred unidentified dead bodies were found floating in the River Ganges in Unnao district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The dead bodies are believed to be of mostly unmarried girls and children. They were later buried at the riverbank.
Incident
The bodies, which were mostly of children and unmarried girls, were first noticed on 14 January 2015 by some villagers at Ganga Ghat Shuklaganj balu ghat in Unnao district when crows and dogs were feeding on them. The area was cordoned off by officials and 104 dead bodies were retrieved from the river. Samples were taken for forensic DNA profiling, as, according to officials, postmortem was not possible. Without going for cremation the dead bodies were buried at the riverbank. On the same day, six more dead bodies were found floating in the river and retrieved from the neighbouring district of Jhansi.
One of the explanations given by the officials was that since the river had changed its course due to the construction of a new barrage, the water level became lower and the bodies surfaced. A magisterial enquiry was ordered by the then Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh Akhilesh Yadav to uncover the facts of the incident. The chairperson of Bahujan Samaj Party, Mayawati, demanded CBI enquiry into the incident and said that it "has infused fear among people". Azam Khan, a cabinet minister in Uttar Pradesh government, accused political rival Sakshi Maharaj of being responsible for the incident;
Location
The dead bodies were found floating in a canal at Ganga Ghat Shuklaganj balu ghat, which connects to the Ganges and is 60 km southwest from Lucknow, the state capital of Uttar Pradesh and 30 km northeast from Kanpur.
River
The Ganges River is regarded as a holy river by Hindus and many crematory ghats are on its banks. Police officials of Unnao have offered an explanation that the bodies were of "people who were dumped in the river or buried on the banks after their families could not afford a proper cremation."
See also
List of unsolved deaths
References
2015 in India
Deaths in India
Ganges
History of Uttar Pradesh (1947–present)
Unidentified decedents
Unnao district
Unsolved deaths
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4371785
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Companies%20listed%20on%20the%20New%20York%20Stock%20Exchange%20%28T%29
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Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange (T)
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T
T
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1309905
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugen%20Bejinariu
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Eugen Bejinariu
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Eugen Bejinariu (; born 28 January 1959, Suceava, Romania) is a Romanian politician and member of the Social Democratic Party (PSD). He served as interim prime minister of Romania between 21 and 28 December 2004, when prime minister Adrian Năstase, who had just been defeated in presidential elections by Traian Băsescu, resigned and became President of the Chamber of Deputies.
Bejinariu was appointed as interim prime minister at the request of resigning prime minister, Adrian Năstase, and confirmed by the new president Traian Băsescu to hold the office until a new prime minister was named. Bejinariu was the minister of government coordination in Năstase's cabinet, joining the government after a long stint as chairman of Romania's State Protocol Department (RAPPS). He was replaced as prime minister on 28 December 2004 by Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu.
References
Eugen BEJINARIU Sinteza activitatii parlamentare în legislatura 2004-2008
Functii
Living people
People from Suceava
Prime Ministers of Romania
Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania)
Social Democratic Party (Romania) politicians
1959 births
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12713911
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thommy%20Berggren
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Thommy Berggren
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Thommy Berggren, né Tommy William Berggren (born 12 August 1937) is a Swedish actor. He is known for having starred in several films directed by Bo Widerberg, and was often considered one of the foremost Swedish film and theatre actors from the early 1960s to the mid-2000s when he retired.
He starred in the Oscar nominated Raven's End (1963), directed by Widerberg. He also starred in the 1992 Sunday's Children, which was directed by Daniel Bergman and written by Ingmar Bergman.
Early life
Berggren was born on 12 August 1937, in Mölndal, Sweden, an impoverished working class district. His father, a sailor by trade and a socialist, was supportive of and heavily involved with the worker's rights movement in Sweden. His mother was employed at the local factory and was similarly politically inclined. When he was born, he suffered with a disease of the lungs, which caused him to have to stay in a hospital facility for one year. Berggren also had to deal with the fact that his father was severely alcoholic. In Stefan Jarl's 2002 film The Bricklayer, a documentary about Berggren's life and career, he recounted an incident in which he had walked a great distance to meet his father at a train station, only to discover that he had not kept the appointment with his son. Instead, he had remained in town drinking.
Berggren later defended his father, stating that although he was an alcoholic he was not aggressive or abusive in any way as a result, and that both of his parents were well-meaning people. In The Bricklayer, Berggren's stories and anecdotes of his parents are told with love and humor. Eventually, it was his father, and his early life spent among the poor and the working class, that proved to be the greatest influences on his career as an actor.
Career
Stage
After a visit to a local movie theatre at a young age, Berggren fell in love with acting but did not pursue it as a career. During adolescence, he followed his father's tailoring trade and then spent two years at sea. Returning home, he took work in a factory just as his mother had done. However, his desire to act remained with him, and he began to study acting at the Pickwickklubbens theatre school in Gothenburg, which offered lessons to city locals. He made his stage debut at the age of seventeen at the Atelier, a tiny theatre situated directly above a bowling alley. He worked there for two years, until 1956, when he was accepted into Gothenburg City Theatre's drama course. He excelled and became a premier student, completing the course in 1958.
Soon after, he was engaged as a regular player at the Gothenburg City Theatre, where he worked until 1961, when he was granted a position with the Royal Dramatic Theatre in Stockholm. In his first role there he portrayed Nick in Ingmar Bergman's production of Edward Albee's play Who's afraid of Virginia Woolf. In 1993, he made his debut as a director at the Royal Dramatic Theatre with Harold Pinter's The Homecoming. He later directed plays at the Stockholm City Theatre, including August Strindberg's Miss Julie and Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot.
Film and television
In 1961, Berggren made his film debut in Pärlemor. In 1962 he met aspiring director Bo Widerberg, who became his good friend and one of his most important collaborators. Like Berggren, Widerberg strongly believed that films needed to focus on human relationships, have a greater political significance, and be socially conscious.
As early as 1960, Berggren declared in an interview that he only wanted to do films that he could truly stand for, to play people who developedan attitude he has maintained through the years. In Widerberg he found a perfect working partner. Their first feature together, Barnvagnen, about a woman who chooses single parenthood instead of marriage, reflected those goals.
The two continued their successful partnership with 1963's Raven's End, a portrait of working class life in 1930's Sweden. Berggren portrayed Anders, a young aspiring writer who finds his hopes and dreams dashed upon the reality of an impoverished existence. In 1966, Berggren was awarded the Guldbagge, the Swedish equivalent of the Oscar, for Widerberg's Heja Roland!, although the film did not receive the same acclaim afforded to its predecessors. But the following year, he and Widerberg embarked on a film that would bring them both international fame, 1967's Elvira Madigan.
The film was based upon the real life romance of Lt. Sixten Sparre and the circus performer Elvira Madigan. In 1889, the pair willfully abandoned their respective lives for each other, but after spending a brief time in Denmark, the couple exhausted their limited finances and the doomed relationship ended in suicide. Widerberg shot the film on a low budget, in natural light and without a script, allowing the actors to improvise freely and to take their time delivering their dialogue. His desire was to make the film appear as if it were a documentary of the couple's romance.
After the success of Elvira Madigan, financially tempting offers began to pour in for Berggren, including the opportunity to sign a lucrative contract with Paramount Pictures in Hollywood. However, he once again defied convention by rejecting those offers because their weak scripts did not measure up to his goals. He openly questioned why so many Swedish actors would dream of making it big in America, and when questioned about his uncompromising nature in 2006, Berggren stated:
I am an artist and I like being one. I belong to a special group of people. I would not compare myself with Van Gogh, Matisse, Munch, Strindberg, or Dostoevsky, but I may be on the same boat, I know. So the talent I have, I have tried to manage. Then you tend to become stubborn and you wish to implement what you believe through your art, otherwise you are not an artist, at least you don't achieve the color and the magic that you would hope for. I see it as a necessary nicety to not have to compromise.
Berggren continued to focus on mainly Swedish productions, including a 1969 television adaptation of August Strindberg's play Miss Julie, about the class struggle between a count's daughter and his man servant, Jean. Berggren portrayed the role of Jean. In 1971, he worked once again with Bo Widerberg in a tribute to labor, Joe Hill, a film based upon the life of the Swedish–American agitator who helped to forward the worker's rights movement in the early 1900s. Passionately proletarian, it elevated the already well known Hill to legendary status with its sympathetic portrayal.
Berggren's career on stage and screen continued to be influenced heavily by the "underdog syndrome", a fact he openly discussed in Jarl's The Bricklayer. His desire to portray outsiders in society remained apparent in his choice of film roles, from 1975's Giliap, in which he portrays a waiter with a longing to escape his life, to 1986's Gosta Berlings Saga where his role was that of an alcoholic clergyman. He also continued to work with Widerberg on several projects, including a 1988 television adaptation of Strindberg's The Father.
In 1999, while preparing for the opening of a play, Berggren suffered a heart ailment in which one of the valves began to malfunction. The illness caused him to drop out of the play and then to retire from the stage. In 2003, he appeared in his last film Kontorstid, about the often empty and meaningless routine of work and daily life. He stated that he felt as if the film and television industry were no longer creating quality work the way that they once did. However, he still dreamed of returning to the stage as an actor, his one true passion. In later years, he devoted himself to periodically directing plays at the Stockholm City Theatre and to his family.
Often considered to be one of Sweden's best and most gifted actors, Bo Widerberg once described the Berggren "magic" as "stage presence", his sorrowful eyes and intensely emotional style effectively portraying societal outsiders like Lt. Sparre and Joe Hill. However, in spite of his reputation, he did not appear to suffer from a feeling of self-importance or artistic snobbery. His most recent project was a collaboration with Stefan Jarl on the screenplay of his 2013 documentary Goodness! The film focuses on the moral decline within economics. Berggren also appeared in the film, both as himself and in character, portraying the role of a greedy miser.
Personal life
Citing the fact that he is "child-like" as one of his best personal traits, Berggren always loved children and desired to have his own. This desire had grown so great over the years that he said he felt as if he were "withering away" from the lack of being a father. In the mid-1990s, his need was finally met with the birth of a son to him and wife Monika Ahlberg, a chef, cookbook author and restaurant reviewer. A few years later the couple also had twin girls. He lives with his family in Stockholm, Sweden, in Djurgården.
When questioned why he waited to have children, he stated that he "matured late", but that his family had come to mean more to him than he could have ever imagined. He said that he has never put his children to sleep at night without telling them that he loves them.
He also has a great love for art, citing Vincent van Gogh as one of his favorite artists. He stated that he has spent more time in the company of painters than actors.
Political views
My father is my inspiration. He always said, "Thommy make sure that you have something meaningful to do, that you are helping people". I still respect him for that.
Berggren's political views appear to be in keeping with those of his parents, and he has used his career as a mirror to reflect those beliefs, stating that he is like a bricklayer building upon the foundation that has been laid down by his father. His parents were well known both for their socialist leanings and for their desire to help improve the condition of the lives of those around them. They also appear to have leaned toward pacifism, and Berggren has stated that he does not wish to be a part of any film which glorifies violence.
Berggren's father believed that acting and the theatre were "immaterial" and, as such, he encouraged his son to be "a better actor than the rest", if this were to be his career choice. Berggren took this wish a step further, by making his roles a type of "love letter" to his father's fervent commitment, a commitment that they seem to share.
According to the publication Expressen, his motivation can best be summed up in his own words from the aforementioned interview that he gave in 2006. When it was noted that the class struggle had been one of his strongest driving forces in his early work and even today, he responded with the following:
It is with me and it is within Persbrandt and it was in Strindberg. We're working boys.
Awards
Here is a list of selected awards received by Berggren.
1966: Guldbagge Best Actor Heja Roland!
1974: Worker's Festival Prize (Czechoslovakia) Joe Hill (film)
1993: Guldbagge Nominated Best Actor Sunday's Children
1999: Guldbagge Best Supporting Actor The Glass-Blower's Children
Selected filmography
References
External links
1937 births
Living people
Swedish male film actors
Eugene O'Neill Award winners
20th-century Swedish male actors
Best Actor Guldbagge Award winners
Best Supporting Actor Guldbagge Award winners
Swedish male stage actors
People from Mölndal
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27047213
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques%20L%C3%A9opold%20de%20La%20Tour%20d%27Auvergne
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Jacques Léopold de La Tour d'Auvergne
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Jacques Léopold de La Tour d'Auvergne (Jacques Léopold Charles Godefroy; 15 January 1746 – 7 February 1802) was a member of the House of La Tour d'Auvergne, the sovereign dukes of Bouillon. He was the last Duke of Bouillon succeeding his father in 1792.
Early life
The eldest and only surviving of four sons, he was born to the Godefroy de La Tour d'Auvergne, Duke of Bouillon and Princess Louise Henriette Gabrielle de Lorraine-Marsan in 1746. From 1771, Jacques Léopold was styled as the Prince of Turenne as the heir of the Duchy of Bouillon.
His first cousin was Henri Louis de Rohan-Guéméné, the scandalous Prince of Guéméné
Personal life
He married Princess Hedwig of Hesse-Rheinfels-Rotenburg, daughter of Konstantin, Landgrave of Hesse-Rheinfels-Rotenburg and his wife Countess Marie Sophia Theresia Hedwig Eva of Starhemberg, widowed Princess of Nassau-Siegen and sister of Georg Adam, Prince of Starhemberg. Hewdig was grand daughter of Ernest Leopold, Landgrave of Hesse-Rheinfels-Rotenburg and Princess Eleonore of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort and Konrad Sigmund, Count of Starhemberg and Princess Maria Leopoldine of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort. The couple were married at Carlsburg on 17 July 1766 but had no children.
Later life
He lived at the Château de Navarre, his French estate, prior to the revolution and succeeded his father in 1792. During the collapse of the Ancien Régime, the duchy of Bouillon was taken from him in 1794 and absorbed into France in October 1795. He was known as citoyen Léopold La Tour d'Auvergne during the revolution. However, in 1800, he recovered the duchy but was obliged to pay off debts to the tune of 3 million Livres.
Jacques was the last Duke of Bouillon, and following the Napoleonic Wars the duchy was absorbed into the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (Bouillon later became part of Belgium). He had no known descendants. The Princes of Guéméné today claim the Duchy of Bouillon as their own due to the marriage of Marie Louise (his aunt) and Jules de Rohan, Prince of Guéméné.
Ancestry
References and notes
1746 births
1802 deaths
Jacques Leopold
French Roman Catholics
18th-century French people
19th-century French people
Dukes of Bouillon
Grand Chamberlains of France
People of Byzantine descent
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24431612
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy%20McGlory
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Billy McGlory
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William McGlory (born McGrory; 1850–1927) was an American saloon keeper and underworld figure in New York City during the mid-to late 19th century. He was well known in The Bowery and Five Points districts, owning a number of popular establishments throughout the city, most notably McGlory's Armory Hall, a popular Bowery hangout for members of the underworld in the old Fourth and Sixth Wards.
Biography
Early life and criminal career
Reports of Billy McGlory's early life differ. Popular legend has it that he was born in the slums of the Five Points and grew up in an atmosphere of vice and crime, prior to the reform efforts of Reverend Lewis Pease and the Five Points House of Industry during the mid-1850s, however in his day he was reported to have been born and raised in the Sixteenth Ward (bounded by West 14th Street, the Hudson River, West 26th Street and Sixth Avenue), specifically on 16th Street between 6th and Seventh Avenues, by respectable Irish parents. Billy's half-brother by his mother's first marriage, Johnny Thompson, was a well-known Bowery actor. It is likely that as a young man he was a member of both the Forty Thieves and the Chichesters. Former New York City Chief of Police George W. Walling described him in his memoirs as "a man out of whom forty devils might be cast were it possible to get at him." One of the first saloons he ever opened, known as the Burnt Rag, was located in the basement of 50 Bleecker Street. Only 200 feet away from police headquarters, the so-called "notorious thieves' den" was subject to frequent police raids. In 1878, he operated Eagle Hall, also known as the Burnt Rag at 6 Rivington Street. By September 1878, he was running another drinking place known as Burnt Rag No. 2, or the Windsor Palace, out of 103 Bowery, formerly occupied by Owen Geoghegan. Geoghegan relocated his saloon to 105 Bowery that same year.
McGlory's Armory Hall
McGlory opened McGlory's Armory Hall, located at 158 Hester Street, in the late 1870s. It was described by a journalist for the Cincinnati Inquirer as having "a beastliness and depravity... compared with which no chapter in the world's history is equal." It very quickly became a popular underworld resort, frequented by thieves, pickpockets, and procurers throughout the old Fourth and Sixth Wards for nearly two decades. Armory Hall was often the scene of barroom brawls and gang violence. Drunken customers were robbed, many times by the female regulars who flirted with the victim beforehand, and then dragged from a table by a bouncer and thrown out into the street. Once outside, the victim would be searched by for anything of value and was usually stripped of his clothes.
Many of the much feared bouncers of McGlory's Armory Hall were well-known criminals and hired thugs of the Five Points and the New York waterfront. These men were described as "some of the most expert rough-and-tumble fighters of the period" and could be seen walking the club freely wearing pistols, knives, brass knuckles, and bludgeons which they often used against unruly or otherwise uncooperative customers.
Armory Hall was entered from the street through a double doorway, which led into a long, narrow passageway with its walls painted "dead black". Fifty feet down the unlighted passage was the barroom and from there the main dance hall, furnished with chairs and tables, which accommodated up to 700 people. The music played in the dance hall included a piano, a cornet and a violin. A balcony ran around two sides of the hall with small box seats, some containing secret compartments, separated by heavy curtains reserved for wealthy patrons. These were usually out-of-towners who were known as big spenders in the city's many resorts and clubs. Private exhibitions were held in these boxes "even more degraded then the Haymarket" and McGlory, as an added attraction, employed half a dozen young males as waitresses "dressed in feminine clothing and circulated through the crowd, singing and dancing." They were "painted like women" and spoke in high, falsetto voices. As well as the many prostitutes and "serving girls" working in the dance hall, the concert saloon was widely known for encouraging homosexual activity among its patrons. McGlory also held athletic events at Armory Hall and charged 15 cents to attend these promotions. In 1883, his Grand Scarlet Ball included a cakewalk, mixed boxing matches, a beauty contest and a masquerade ball.
In January 1879, McGlory was indicted for running a disorderly house. When he failed to show up in court the following month, his bail was forfeited but no further action was taken. It was the robbery of a contractor, Bernard Lee, and others that prompted District Attorney John McKeon to search for untried indictments against McGlory. He found three and took them to Recorder Frederick Smythe who then ordered McGlory to appear before the General Sessions court. Though McGlory's lawyer requested bail be set at $500, McKeon raised an objection which was supported by Recorder Smythe and raised to $1,000. As a result of this trial, McGlory spent time in The Tombs and thereafter in the penitentiary on Blackwell's Island. He was freed August 13, 1884. During the time of his trial and subsequent imprisonment, McGlory became a member of The Salvation Army and claimed to support the Temperance movement, however upon release from prison he said that he would not take up the temperance cause as he was an "awful example."
Close of the Armory and legal trouble
McGlory gained considerable notoriety from the press, especially from the New York Herald, who titled him the "Vicar General." He was one of several prominent figures, along with police officials, politicians, and sportsmen, who attended the bare-knuckle boxing prize fight between John L. Sullivan and Paddy Ryan at Madison Square Garden on January 19, 1885.
Upon the election, reform Mayor Abram S. Hewitt, who promised to clean up the vice and red light districts in New York City, closed many of the famous resorts, including Harry Hill's, Frank Stephenson's Black and Tan, Theodore Allen's American Mabille and, in lower Manhattan, The Haymarket. Authorities finally attempted to close Armory Hall in 1889, although their efforts were initially met with some difficulty. In a meeting with Mayor Hugh J. Grant in February, McGlory claimed that he had been trying to rent the building out as a church but had been unable to find tenants. A month later, police visited Armory Hall and reported they had witnessed nothing obscene or improper, "not even a cancan." McGlory sold the building to a furniture manufacturer soon after, auctioning off the bar, piano, icebox, and stage scenery in June 1889.
A year later, McGlory bought the Hotel Irving, a respectable restaurant and boarding house in uptown Manhattan, and turned it into an all-night saloon and dance hall. The Hotel Irving was located on the corner of Fourteenth Street and Irving Place, across the street from the New York Academy of Music and nearby Tammany Hall and Tony Pastor's place. Complaints were made about the noise and violence but police did not take action until an exposé by the New York Herald prompted city officials to take action. The hotel's liquor license was revoked in June but McGlory continued to sell alcohol even after his bartender, Edward Kelly, was arrested. District Attorney De Lancey Nicoll ordered McGlory's arrest and, in December 1891, he stood trial at the Court of General Sessions for running a disorderly house.
At the trial, the Irving's manager Frederick Krause appeared as the state's witness and described how McGlory "muscled" his way into running the Irving despite his having no financial ties to it. Edward Corey, the former owner of the Haymarket, had legitimately purchased an interest in the hotel but was chased out by McGlory who threatened his life if he ever returned. In another incident, according to Krause, he himself was assaulted by McGlory when the hotel manager attempted to stop a suspicious looking couple from using one of the rooms. Other charges, aside from liquor law violations, were claimed by prostitute Nellie Martin, bookmaker Samuel Guggenheim, as well as additional witnesses who testified to other serious allegations.
Final years
Although McGlory's and a few other uptown resorts reopened in the aftermath of Mayor Hewitt's closures, none were able to regain their former prestige, and McGlory finally closed his last dance house in 1900. After aiding his wife Annie in a hearing by the New York Supreme Court, McGlory told reporters that he intended to leave New York and move out West.
McGlory was arrested once more on the night of May 30, 1903, and charged with running a saloon called the Emerald on Third Avenue in the Bronx without a liquor license. He was tried at the Morrisania Court two days later and explained to Judge Mayo that he had applied for a hotel license instead of a regular liquor license and hadn't intended to violate the law. The arresting detectives told the court they had arrested him because the brewery had taken away the establishment's license. Bail was set at but McGlory was unable to pay it and he was taken to Harlem Prison to await trial. He met a young man while in prison, Warren Adams, who was being held for public drunkenness. Adams had traveled from Boston to attend a funeral and was arrested after he'd had a few too many drinks. Judge Mayo had sentenced him to prison in default of a fine that Adams was unable to pay being only a dollar short. McGlory offered to pay the spare dollar. When Adams promised to mail him back the money from Boston, McGlory replied "Well, if you do it will be the first dollar that ever came back to me."
The Oregon Daily Journal reported in 1912 that McGlory was "passing into a preaceful old age in a little cottage on the banks of the [East] river," however he was being threatened with expulsion from his home at East 125th Street by his landlord, the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, who wanted to build a dock there. It is unknown when Billy McGlory died, however it is possible that he is the William J. McGrory that is recorded as passing away at age 70 in the Bronx on December 26, 1928. At least one writer thought he was dead before 1917 and a newspaper from 1929 refers to him as the "late Billy McGlory."
A Night at McGlory’s
Contemporary accounts.
Unbridled book version:
https://www.gutenberg.org/files/24717/24717-pdf.pdf#page125
Slightly sanitized newspaper version:
https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13921768/description-of-billy-mcglorys-armory/
Detailed account of both McGlory and his associates:
The Journal (New York [N.Y.]), May 3, 1896
https://www.loc.gov/resource/sn84031792/1896-05-03/ed-1/?q=Great+Depression&sp=48&st=text&r=-0.097,0.15,1.147,1.297,0
The National Police Gazette visits McGlory’s and other similar places in New York. Detailed comparative study:
http://bklyn-genealogy-info.stevemorse.org/Police/Sins/UpHill.html
[From Sins of New York
As "Exposed" by the Police Gazette
By Edward Van Every
Publisher: Frederick A. Stokes Company--New York(1930)]
References
Further reading
Costello, Augustine E. Our Police Protectors: History of the New York Police from the Earliest Period to the Present Time. New York: A.E. Costello, 1885.
Harlow, Alvin F. Old Bowery Days: The Chronicles of a Famous Street. New York and London: D. Appleton & Company, 1931.
Hickey, John J. Our Police Guardians: History of the Police Department of the City of New York, and the Policing of Same for the Past One Hundred Years. New York: John J. Hickey, 1925.
Mayer, Grace M. Once Upon a City: New York from 1890 to 1910. New York: Macmillan, 1958.
Sloat, Warren. A Battle for the Soul of New York: Tammany Hall, Police Corruption, Vice, and Reverend Charles Parkhurst's Crusade Against Them, 1892-1895. New York: Cooper Square Press, 2002.
1853 births
Year of death missing
American restaurateurs
Criminals from New York City
People from Five Points, Manhattan
Saloonkeepers
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18411966
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power%20graph%20analysis
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Power graph analysis
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In computational biology, power graph analysis is a method for the analysis and
representation of complex networks. Power graph analysis is the computation, analysis and visual representation of a power graph from a graph (networks).
Power graph analysis can be thought of as a lossless compression algorithm for graphs. It extends graph syntax with representations of cliques, bicliques and stars. Compression levels of up to 95% have been obtained for complex biological networks.
Hypergraphs are a generalization of graphs in which edges are not just couples of nodes but arbitrary n-tuples. Power graphs are not another generalization of graphs, but instead a novel representation of graphs that proposes a shift from the "node and edge" language to one using cliques, bicliques and stars as primitives.
Power graphs
Graphical representation
Graphs are drawn with circles or points that represent nodes and lines connecting pairs of nodes that represent edges. Power graphs extend the syntax of graphs with power nodes, which are drawn as a circle enclosing nodes or other power nodes, and power edges, which are lines between power nodes.
Bicliques are two sets of nodes with an edge between every member of one set and every member of the other set. In a power graph, a biclique is represented as an edge between two power nodes.
Cliques are a set of nodes with an edge between every pair of nodes. In a power graph, a clique is represented by a power node with a loop.
Stars are a set of nodes with an edge between every member of that set and a single node outside the set. In a power graph, a star is represented by a power edge between a regular node and a power node.
Formal definition
Given a graph where is the set of nodes and is the set of edges, a power graph is a graph defined on the power set of power nodes connected to each other by power edges: . Hence power graphs are defined on the power set of nodes as well as on the power set of edges of the graph .
The semantics of power graphs are as follows: if two power nodes are connected by a power edge, this means that all nodes of the first power node are connected to all nodes of the second power node. Similarly, if a power node is connected to itself by a power edge, this signifies that all nodes in the power node are connected to each other by edges.
The following two conditions are required:
Power node hierarchy condition: Any two power nodes are either disjoint, or one is included in the other.
Power edge disjointness condition: There is an onto mapping from edges of the original graph to power edges.
Analogy to Fourier analysis
The Fourier analysis of a function
can be seen as a rewriting of the function in terms of harmonic functions instead of
pairs. This transformation changes the point of view from time domain
to frequency domain and enables many interesting applications in signal analysis, data compression,
and filtering.
Similarly, Power Graph Analysis is a rewriting or decomposition of a network using bicliques, cliques and stars
as primitive elements (just as harmonic functions for Fourier analysis).
It can be used to analyze, compress and filter networks.
There are, however, several key differences. First, in Fourier analysis the two spaces (time and frequency domains)
are the same function space - but stricto sensu, power graphs are not graphs.
Second, there is not a unique power graph representing a given graph. Yet a very interesting class of power graphs
are minimal power graphs which have the fewest power edges and power nodes necessary to represent a given graph.
Minimal power graphs
In general, there is no unique minimal power graph for a given graph.
In this example (right) a graph of four nodes and five edges admits two minimal power graphs of two power edges each.
The main difference between these two minimal power graphs is the higher nesting level of the second power graph as well as a loss of symmetry with respect to the underlying graph.
Loss of symmetry is only a problem in small toy examples since complex networks rarely exhibit such symmetries in the first place.
Additionally, one can minimize the nesting level but even then, there is in general not a unique minimal power graph of minimal nesting level.
Power graph greedy algorithm
The power graph greedy algorithm relies on two simple steps to perform the decomposition:
The first step identifies candidate power nodes through a hierarchical clustering of the nodes in the network
based on the similarity of their neighboring nodes. The similarity of two sets of neighbors is taken as the Jaccard index
of the two sets.
The second step performs a greedy search for possible power edges between candidate power nodes.
Power edges abstracting the most edges in the original network are added first to the power graph.
Thus bicliques, cliques and stars are incrementally replaced with power edges, until all remaining single edges are also added.
Candidate power nodes that are not the end point of any power edge are ignored.
Modular decomposition
Modular decomposition can be used to compute a power graph by using
the strong modules of the modular decomposition.
Modules in modular decomposition are groups of nodes in a graph that
have identical neighbors. A Strong Module is a module that does not overlap
with another module.
However, in complex networks strong modules are more the exception than the
rule. Therefore, the power graphs obtained through modular decomposition are far
from minimality.
The main difference between modular decomposition and power graph analysis is the
emphasis of power graph analysis in decomposing graphs not only using modules of nodes
but also modules of edges (cliques, bicliques). Indeed, power graph analysis can be seen as a loss-less
simultaneous clustering of both nodes and edges.
Applications
Biological networks
Power Graph Analysis has been shown to be useful for the analysis of several types of biological networks such as Protein-protein interaction networks, domain-peptide binding motifs, Gene regulatory networks and Homology/Paralogy networks.
Also a network of significant disease-trait pairs have been recently visualized and analyzed with Power Graphs.
Network compression, a new measure derived from Power Graphs, has been proposed as a quality measure for protein interaction networks.
Drug repositioning
Power Graphs have been also applied to the analysis of drug-target-disease networks for Drug repositioning.
Social networks
Power Graphs have been applied to large-scale data in social networks, for community mining or for modeling author types.
See also
Computational biology
Networks/Graph
Complex networks
Modular decomposition
References
External links
Power Graph Analysis tools (CyOog v2.8.2) and example applications
Power Graph Analysis with CyOog v2.6
Computational science
Bioinformatics
Application-specific graphs
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44900945
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%20Hu%E1%BB%B3nh%20Base
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Sa Huỳnh Base
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Sa Huỳnh Base (also known as Sa Huỳnh Naval Support Activity or simply Sa Huỳnh) is a former U.S. Navy, U.S. Army and Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) base in southern Quảng Ngãi Province in south-central Vietnam.
History
The base was located east of Highway 1 at the mouth of an inlet, some 18 km southeast of Đức Phổ Base Camp and 100 km south of Danang. From 16–26 February 1967 the Marines Special Landing Force comprising 1st Battalion 4th Marines and HMM-363 conducted Operation Deckhouse VI an amphibious assault on Sa Huỳnh to clear Vietcong infiltration routes and secure an area to serve as a logistics support base for allied units operating in the area.
The U.S. Navy built the Sa Huỳnh Naval Support Activity in mid-1967 to support the arrival of the Army's Task Force Oregon in the area.
On 15 February 1970 Sa Huỳnh Naval Support Activity was disbanded and its facilities were transferred to the U.S. Army Support Command.
On 27 January 1973 the day before the ceasefire was to come into effect the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) 141st Regiment captured Sa Huỳnh. The ARVN 2nd Division launched a series of counterattacks, forcing the PAVN out of Sa Huỳnh by 16 February 1973.
References
Buildings and structures in Quảng Ngãi province
Installations of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam
Military installations of the United States in South Vietnam
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51973174
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mega%20Drug%20Abuse%20Treatment%20and%20Rehabilitation%20Center
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Mega Drug Abuse Treatment and Rehabilitation Center
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The Mega Drug Abuse Treatment and Rehabilitation Center (Mega DATRC), also known as the Mega Drug Treatment and Rehabilitation Center, is a drug rehabilitation center at Fort Magsaysay in Nueva Ecija, Philippines.
Construction
The drug rehabilitation facility's construction commenced in July 2016 but construction only went full swing after Health Secretary Paulyn Jean Ubial signed a deed of donation with Chinese billionaire and philanthropist Huang Rulun in a meeting in Beijing, China. Huang previously met with President Rodrigo Duterte and talked about how could help deal with the illegal drugs problem in the Philippines. Huang met with Duterte thrice with two of the meetings conducted during his presidential campaign.
The facility was constructed in a land at Fort Magsaysay. The land where the facility is to be located was identified by the Department of National Defense (DND).
75 shipping containers of China-imported material will be used in the construction of the facility. The materials to be used are the same to those used in facilities erected as part of the rehabilitation of areas affected by Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda). The materials are also stated to be fire-resistant and the construction project of the facility also include water and electricity works.
By October 12, 2016, the facility was stated to be 50 percent complete with the right wing of the building which can accommodate about 1,000 patients already ready to be furnished. The left wing and the female dormitory is being constructed by this time. The facility had its soft opening on October 17, 2016 with the newly hired staff of the facility set to have a "dry-run' on patient management before the facility was scheduled to begin accommodating drug dependents within the month of November 2016.
President Rodrigo Duterte is scheduled to lead the inauguration or full opening rites of the facility at 2:00 p.m. (UTC+8) on November 29, 2016. The inauguration marks the completion of the Phase I of the project.
Facilities
The drug rehabilitation facility will host around 10,000 bed facilities in portable modular buildings. Upon its inauguration in November 2016, the facility will host an initial 2,500 bed facilities.
Management
The drug rehabilitation facility is to be put under the Department of Health. The DOH will turn over the facility to the military once the number of admitted drug dependents is significantly reduced. The operating expenses for the facility for 2017 is estimated to be around .
Reception
Dangerous Drugs Board chairman Dionisio Santiago described the facility as a "mistake" and "impractical" saying it would be better if the funds used to build the facility was used on smaller community-based rehabilitation programs that would accommodate 150 to 200 drug dependents instead which he believes would be effective. He also says it is difficult to admit patients from far-flung areas such as Batangas and Batanes. In June 2017, the facility had 311 residents.
See also
Philippine Drug War
Northern Mindanao Wellness and Reintegration Center
References
Drug and alcohol rehabilitation centers
Buildings and structures in Nueva Ecija
2016 establishments in the Philippines
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23069588
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%20John%20the%20Baptist%27s%20Church%2C%20Old%20Colwyn
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St John the Baptist's Church, Old Colwyn
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St John's Church, Old Colwyn, is on Station Road, Old Colwyn, in Conwy County Borough, Wales. It is a member church of the newly commissioned Aled Mission Area [December 2016], in the archdeaconry of St Asaph and the diocese of St Asaph. St John's was built as the daughter church of St Catherine's Church, Abergele Road, Colwyn. It is designated by Cadw as a Grade II* listed building.
History
The church was built for the English-speaking community when the services at St Catherine's were conducted in Welsh. It was designed by the Chester firm of Douglas and Minshull. The foundation stone was laid in 1899 by Mrs Eleanor Frost who also paid for many of the church furnishings, including the reredos, altar, rails, screen and the pulpit. The tower was added in 1912 after the death of John Douglas, when the firm was known as Douglas, Minshull and Muspratt.
Architecture
The external walls are built in local Penmaen limestone with Hollington sandstone dressings. The internal walls are in ashlar Hollington sandstone. The tower is at the west end and the roof has the style of a double hammerbeam. The stained glass in one of the windows in the south aisle is by Charles Kempe.
External features
The entrance gate to the churchyard is a Grade II listed building.
See also
List of new churches by John Douglas
References
External links
St John's Church, Old Colwyn
St John's, Old Colwyn Find us on Facebook
The Church of St John the Baptist
Grade II* listed churches in Conwy County Borough
Gothic Revival church buildings in Wales
19th-century Church in Wales church buildings
Old Colwyn
John Douglas buildings
Churches completed in 1903
Churches completed in 1912
1912 establishments in Wales
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16481104
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing%20Institute%20of%20Technology%20Gymnasium
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Beijing Institute of Technology Gymnasium
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Beijing Institute of Technology Gymnasium () is a 5,000-seat indoor arena located on the campus of Beijing Institute of Technology in Beijing, China. It hosted volleyball competitions at the 2008 Summer Olympics and the goalball competition at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.
References
Beijing2008.cn profile
Venues of the 2008 Summer Olympics
Sports venues in Beijing
University sports venues in China
Indoor arenas in China
Volleyball venues in China
Olympic volleyball venues
Sports venues completed in 2008
2008 establishments in China
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83688
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9
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Beyoncé
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Beyoncé Giselle Knowles-Carter ( ; born September 4, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. Born and raised in Houston, Texas, Beyoncé performed in various singing and dancing competitions as a child. She rose to fame in the late 1990s as the lead singer of Destiny's Child, one of the best-selling girl groups of all time. Their hiatus saw the release of her debut solo album Dangerously in Love (2003), which featured the US Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles "Crazy in Love" and "Baby Boy".
Following the 2006 disbanding of Destiny's Child, she released her second solo album, B'Day, which contained singles "Irreplaceable" and "Beautiful Liar". Beyoncé also starred in multiple films such as The Pink Panther (2006), Dreamgirls (2006), Obsessed (2009), and The Lion King (2019). Her marriage to Jay-Z and her portrayal of Etta James in Cadillac Records (2008) influenced her third album, I Am... Sasha Fierce (2008), which earned a record-setting six Grammy Awards in 2010. It spawned the successful singles "If I Were a Boy", "Single Ladies", and "Halo".
After splitting from her manager and father Mathew Knowles in 2010, Beyoncé released her musically diverse fourth album 4 in 2011. She later achieved universal acclaim for her sonically experimental visual albums, Beyoncé (2013) and Lemonade (2016), the latter of which was the world's best-selling album of 2016 and the most acclaimed album of her career, exploring themes of infidelity and womanism. In 2018, she released Everything Is Love, a collaborative album with her husband, Jay-Z, as the Carters. As a featured artist, Beyoncé topped the Billboard Hot 100 with the remixes of "Perfect" by Ed Sheeran in 2017 and "Savage" by Megan Thee Stallion in 2020. The same year, she released the musical film and visual album Black Is King to widespread acclaim.
Beyoncé is one of the world's best-selling recording artists, having sold 120 million records worldwide. She is the first solo artist to have their first six studio albums debut at number one on the Billboard 200. Her success during the 2000s was recognized with the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA)'s Top Certified Artist of the Decade as well as Billboard Top Female Artist of the Decade. Beyoncé's accolades include 28 Grammy Awards, 26 MTV Video Music Awards (including the Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award in 2014), 24 NAACP Image Awards, 31 BET Awards, and 17 Soul Train Music Awards; all of which are more than any other singer. In 2014, Billboard named her the highest-earning black musician of all time, while in 2020, she was included on Times list of 100 women who defined the last century.
Life and career
1981–1996: Early life and career beginnings
Beyonce Giselle Knowles was born on September 4, 1981, in Houston, Texas, to Celestine "Tina" Knowles (née Beyonce), a hairdresser and salon owner, and Mathew Knowles, a Xerox sales manager; Tina is Louisiana Creole, and Mathew is African American. Beyonce's younger sister Solange Knowles is also a singer and a former backup dancer for Destiny's Child. Solange and Beyoncé are the first sisters to have both had No. 1 albums.
Beyoncé's maternal grandparents, Lumas Beyince, and Agnez Dereon (daughter of Odilia Broussard and Eugene DeRouen), were French-speaking Louisiana Creoles, with roots in New Iberia. Beyoncé is considered a Creole, passed on to her by her grandparents. Through her mother, Beyoncé is a descendant of many French aristocrats from the southwest of France, including the family of the Viscounts de Béarn since the 9th century, and the Viscounts de Belzunce. She is also a descendant of Jean-Vincent d'Abbadie de Saint-Castin, a French nobleman and military leader who fought along the indigenous Abenaki against the British in Acadia and of Acadian leader Joseph Broussard. Her fourth great-grandmother, Marie-Françoise Trahan, was born in 1774 in Bangor, located on Belle Île, France. Trahan was a daughter of Acadians who had taken refuge on Belle Île after the British deportation. The Estates of Brittany had divided the lands of Belle Île to distribute them among 78 other Acadian families and the already settled inhabitants. The Trahan family lived on Belle Île for over ten years before immigrating to Louisiana, where she married a Broussard descendant. Beyoncé researched her ancestry and discovered that she is descended from a slave owner who married his slave.
Beyoncé was raised Catholic and attended St. Mary's Montessori School in Houston, where she enrolled in dance classes. Her singing was discovered when dance instructor Darlette Johnson began humming a song and she finished it, able to hit the high-pitched notes. Beyoncé's interest in music and performing continued after winning a school talent show at age seven, singing John Lennon's "Imagine" to beat 15/16-year-olds. In the fall of 1990, Beyoncé enrolled in Parker Elementary School, a music magnet school in Houston, where she would perform with the school's choir. She also attended the High School for the Performing and Visual Arts and later Alief Elsik High School. Beyoncé was also a member of the choir at St. John's United Methodist Church as a soloist for two years.
When Beyoncé was eight, she met LaTavia Roberson at an audition for an all-girl entertainment group. They were placed into a group called Girl's Tyme with three other girls, and rapped and danced on the talent show circuit in Houston. After seeing the group, R&B producer Arne Frager brought them to his Northern California studio and placed them in Star Search, the largest talent show on national TV at the time. Girl's Tyme failed to win, and Beyoncé later said the song they performed was not good. In 1995, Beyoncé's father resigned from his job to manage the group. The move reduced Beyoncé's family's income by half, and her parents were forced to move into separated apartments. Mathew cut the original line-up to four and the group continued performing as an opening act for other established R&B girl groups. The girls auditioned before record labels and were finally signed to Elektra Records, moving to Atlanta Records briefly to work on their first recording, only to be cut by the company. This put further strain on the family, and Beyoncé's parents separated. On October 5, 1995, Dwayne Wiggins's Grass Roots Entertainment signed the group. In 1996, the girls began recording their debut album under an agreement with Sony Music, the Knowles family reunited, and shortly after, the group got a contract with Columbia Records.
1997–2002: Destiny's Child
The group changed their name to Destiny's Child in 1996, based upon a passage in the Book of Isaiah. In 1997, Destiny's Child released their major label debut song "Killing Time" on the soundtrack to the 1997 film Men in Black. In November, the group released their debut single and first major hit, "No, No, No". They released their self-titled debut album in February 1998, which established the group as a viable act in the music industry, with moderate sales and winning the group three Soul Train Lady of Soul Awards for Best R&B/Soul Album of the Year, Best R&B/Soul or Rap New Artist, and Best R&B/Soul Single for "No, No, No". The group released their Multi-Platinum second album The Writing's on the Wall in 1999. The record features some of the group's most widely known songs such as "Bills, Bills, Bills", the group's first number-one single, "Jumpin' Jumpin' and "Say My Name", which became their most successful song at the time, and would remain one of their signature songs. "Say My Name" won the Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals and the Best R&B Song at the 43rd Annual Grammy Awards. The Writing's on the Wall sold more than eight million copies worldwide. During this time, Beyoncé recorded a duet with Marc Nelson, an original member of Boyz II Men, on the song "After All Is Said and Done" for the soundtrack to the 1999 film, The Best Man.
LeToya Luckett and Roberson became unhappy with Mathew's managing of the band and eventually were replaced by Farrah Franklin and Michelle Williams. Beyoncé experienced depression following the split with Luckett and Roberson after being publicly blamed by the media, critics, and blogs for its cause. Her long-standing boyfriend left her at this time. The depression was so severe it lasted for a couple of years, during which she occasionally kept herself in her bedroom for days and refused to eat anything. Beyoncé stated that she struggled to speak about her depression because Destiny's Child had just won their first Grammy Award, and she feared no one would take her seriously. Beyoncé would later speak of her mother as the person who helped her fight it. Franklin was then dismissed, leaving just Beyoncé, Rowland, and Williams.
The remaining band members recorded "Independent Women Part I", which appeared on the soundtrack to the 2000 film Charlie's Angels. It became their best-charting single, topping the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart for eleven consecutive weeks. In early 2001, while Destiny's Child was completing their third album, Beyoncé landed a major role in the MTV made-for-television film, Carmen: A Hip Hopera, starring alongside American actor Mekhi Phifer. Set in Philadelphia, the film is a modern interpretation of the 19th-century opera Carmen by French composer Georges Bizet. When the third album Survivor was released in May 2001, Luckett and Roberson filed a lawsuit claiming that the songs were aimed at them. The album debuted at number one on the U.S. Billboard 200, with first-week sales of 663,000 copies sold. The album spawned other number-one hits, "Bootylicious" and the title track, "Survivor", the latter of which earned the group a Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals. After releasing their holiday album 8 Days of Christmas in October 2001, the group announced a hiatus to further pursue solo careers.
In July 2002, Beyoncé made her theatrical film debut, playing Foxxy Cleopatra alongside Mike Myers in the comedy film Austin Powers in Goldmember, which spent its first weekend atop the U.S. box office and grossed $73 million. Beyoncé released "Work It Out" as the lead single from its soundtrack album which entered the top ten in the UK, Norway, and Belgium. In 2003, Beyoncé starred opposite Cuba Gooding, Jr., in the musical comedy The Fighting Temptations as Lilly, a single mother with whom Gooding's character falls in love. The film received mixed reviews from critics but grossed $30 million in the U.S. Beyoncé released "Fighting Temptation" as the lead single from the film's soundtrack album, with Missy Elliott, MC Lyte, and Free which was also used to promote the film. Another of Beyoncé's contributions to the soundtrack, "Summertime", fared better on the U.S. charts.
2003–2005: Dangerously in Love and Destiny Fulfilled
Beyoncé's first solo recording was a feature on Jay-Z's song '03 Bonnie & Clyde" that was released in October 2002, peaking at number four on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart. On June 14, 2003, Beyoncé premiered songs from her first solo album Dangerously in Love during her first solo concert and the pay-per-view television special, "Ford Presents Beyoncé Knowles, Friends & Family, Live From Ford's 100th Anniversary Celebration in Dearborn, Michigan". The album was released on June 24, 2003, after Michelle Williams and Kelly Rowland had released their solo efforts. The album sold 317,000 copies in its first week, debuted atop the Billboard 200, and has since sold 11 million copies worldwide. The album's lead single, "Crazy in Love", featuring Jay-Z, became Beyoncé's first number-one single as a solo artist in the US. The single "Baby Boy" also reached number one, and singles, "Me, Myself and I" and "Naughty Girl", both reached the top-five. The album earned Beyoncé a then record-tying five awards at the 46th Annual Grammy Awards; Best Contemporary R&B Album, Best Female R&B Vocal Performance for "Dangerously in Love 2", Best R&B Song and Best Rap/Sung Collaboration for "Crazy in Love", and Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals for "The Closer I Get to You" with Luther Vandross. During the ceremony, she performed with Prince.
In November 2003, she embarked on the Dangerously in Love Tour in Europe and later toured alongside Missy Elliott and Alicia Keys for the Verizon Ladies First Tour in North America. On February 1, 2004, Beyoncé performed the American national anthem at Super Bowl XXXVIII, at the Reliant Stadium in Houston, Texas. After the release of Dangerously in Love, Beyoncé had planned to produce a follow-up album using several of the left-over tracks. However, this was put on hold so she could concentrate on recording Destiny Fulfilled, the final studio album by Destiny's Child. Released on November 15, 2004, in the US and peaking at number two on the Billboard 200, Destiny Fulfilled included the singles "Lose My Breath" and "Soldier", which reached the top five on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Destiny's Child embarked on a worldwide concert tour, Destiny Fulfilled... and Lovin' It sponsored by McDonald's Corporation, and performed hits such as "No, No, No", "Survivor", "Say My Name", "Independent Women" and "Lose My Breath". In addition to renditions of the group's recorded material, they also performed songs from each singer's solo careers, most notably numbers from Dangerously in Love. and during the last stop of their European tour, in Barcelona on June 11, 2005, Rowland announced that Destiny's Child would disband following the North American leg of the tour. The group released their first compilation album Number 1's on October 25, 2005, in the US and accepted a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in March 2006. The group has sold 60 million records worldwide.
2006–2007: B'Day and Dreamgirls
Beyoncé's second solo album B'Day was released on September 4, 2006, in the US, to coincide with her twenty-fifth birthday. It sold 541,000 copies in its first week and debuted atop the Billboard 200, becoming Beyoncé's second consecutive number-one album in the United States. The album's lead single "Déjà Vu", featuring Jay-Z, reached the top five on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. The second international single "Irreplaceable" was a commercial success worldwide, reaching number one in Australia, Hungary, Ireland, New Zealand and the United States. B'Day also produced three other singles; "Ring the Alarm", "Get Me Bodied", and "Green Light" (released in the United Kingdom only).
At the 49th Annual Grammy Awards (2007), B'Day was nominated for five Grammy Awards, including Best Contemporary R&B Album, Best Female R&B Vocal Performance for "Ring the Alarm" and Best R&B Song and Best Rap/Sung Collaboration"for "Déjà Vu"; the Freemasons club mix of "Déjà Vu" without the rap was put forward in the Best Remixed Recording, Non-Classical category. B'Day won the award for Best Contemporary R&B Album. The following year, B'Day received two nominations – for Record of the Year for "Irreplaceable" and Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals for "Beautiful Liar" (with Shakira), also receiving a nomination for Best Compilation Soundtrack Album for Motion Pictures, Television or Other Visual Media for her appearance on Dreamgirls: Music from the Motion Picture (2006).
Her first acting role of 2006 was in the comedy film The Pink Panther starring opposite Steve Martin, grossing $158.8 million at the box office worldwide. Her second film Dreamgirls, the film version of the 1981 Broadway musical loosely based on The Supremes, received acclaim from critics and grossed $154 million internationally. In it, she starred opposite Jennifer Hudson, Jamie Foxx, and Eddie Murphy playing a pop singer based on Diana Ross. To promote the film, Beyoncé released "Listen" as the lead single from the soundtrack album. In April 2007, Beyoncé embarked on The Beyoncé Experience, her first worldwide concert tour, visiting 97 venues and grossed over $24 million. Beyoncé conducted pre-concert food donation drives during six major stops in conjunction with her pastor at St. John's and America's Second Harvest. At the same time, B'Day was re-released with five additional songs, including her duet with Shakira "Beautiful Liar".
2008–2010: I Am... Sasha Fierce
I Am... Sasha Fierce was released on November 18, 2008, in the United States. The album formally introduces Beyoncé's alter ego Sasha Fierce, conceived during the making of her 2003 single "Crazy in Love". It was met with generally mediocre reviews from critics, but sold 482,000 copies in its first week, debuting atop the Billboard 200, and giving Beyoncé her third consecutive number-one album in the US. The album featured the number-one song "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" and the top-five songs "If I Were a Boy" and "Halo". Achieving the accomplishment of becoming her longest-running Hot 100 single in her career, "Halos success in the U.S. helped Beyoncé attain more top-ten singles on the list than any other woman during the 2000s. It also included the successful "Sweet Dreams", and singles "Diva", "Ego", "Broken-Hearted Girl" and "Video Phone". The music video for "Single Ladies" has been parodied and imitated around the world, spawning the "first major dance craze" of the Internet age according to the Toronto Star. The video has won several awards, including Best Video at the 2009 MTV Europe Music Awards, the 2009 Scottish MOBO Awards, and the 2009 BET Awards. At the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards, the video was nominated for nine awards, ultimately winning three including Video of the Year. Its failure to win the Best Female Video category, which went to American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift's "You Belong with Me", led to Kanye West interrupting the ceremony and Beyoncé improvising a re-presentation of Swift's award during her own acceptance speech. In March 2009, Beyoncé embarked on the I Am... World Tour, her second headlining worldwide concert tour, consisting of 108 shows, grossing $119.5 million.
Beyoncé further expanded her acting career, starring as blues singer Etta James in the 2008 musical biopic Cadillac Records. Her performance in the film received praise from critics, and she garnered several nominations for her portrayal of James, including a Satellite Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress, and a NAACP Image Award nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actress. Beyoncé donated her entire salary from the film to Phoenix House, an organization of rehabilitation centers for heroin addicts around the country. On January 20, 2009, Beyoncé performed James' "At Last" at First Couple Barack and Michelle Obama's first inaugural ball. Beyoncé starred opposite Ali Larter and Idris Elba in the thriller, Obsessed. She played Sharon Charles, a mother and wife whose family is threatened by her husband's stalker. Although the film received negative reviews from critics, the movie did well at the U.S. box office, grossing $68 million – $60 million more than Cadillac Records – on a budget of $20 million. The fight scene finale between Sharon and the character played by Ali Larter also won the 2010 MTV Movie Award for Best Fight.
At the 52nd Annual Grammy Awards, Beyoncé received ten nominations, including Album of the Year for I Am... Sasha Fierce, Record of the Year for "Halo", and Song of the Year for "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)", among others. She tied with Lauryn Hill for most Grammy nominations in a single year by a female artist. Beyoncé went on to win six of those nominations, breaking a record she previously tied in 2004 for the most Grammy awards won in a single night by a female artist with six. In 2010, Beyoncé was featured on Lady Gaga's single "Telephone" and appeared in its music video. The song topped the U.S. Pop Songs chart, becoming the sixth number-one for both Beyoncé and Gaga, tying them with Mariah Carey for most number-ones since the Nielsen Top 40 airplay chart launched in 1992. "Telephone" received a Grammy Award nomination for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals.
Beyoncé announced a hiatus from her music career in January 2010, heeding her mother's advice, "to live life, to be inspired by things again". During the break she and her father parted ways as business partners. Beyoncé's musical break lasted nine months and saw her visit multiple European cities, the Great Wall of China, the Egyptian pyramids, Australia, English music festivals and various museums and ballet performances.
2011–2013: 4 and Super Bowl XLVII halftime show
On June 26, 2011, she became the first solo female artist to headline the main Pyramid stage at the 2011 Glastonbury Festival in over twenty years. Her fourth studio album 4 was released two days later in the US. 4 sold 310,000 copies in its first week and debuted atop the Billboard 200 chart, giving Beyoncé her fourth consecutive number-one album in the US. The album was preceded by two of its singles "Run the World (Girls)" and "Best Thing I Never Had". The fourth single "Love on Top" spent seven consecutive weeks at number one on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, while peaking at number 20 on the Billboard Hot 100, the highest peak from the album. 4 also produced four other singles; "Party", "Countdown", "I Care" and "End of Time". "Eat, Play, Love", a cover story written by Beyoncé for Essence that detailed her 2010 career break, won her a writing award from the New York Association of Black Journalists. In late 2011, she took the stage at New York's Roseland Ballroom for four nights of special performances: the 4 Intimate Nights with Beyoncé concerts saw the performance of her 4 album to a standing room only. On August 1, 2011, the album was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), having shipped 1 million copies to retail stores. By December 2015, it reached sales of 1.5 million copies in the US. The album reached one billion Spotify streams on February 5, 2018, making Beyoncé the first female artist to have three of their albums surpass one billion streams on the platform.
In June 2012, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to her daughter.
In January 2013, Destiny's Child released Love Songs, a compilation album of the romance-themed songs from their previous albums and a newly recorded track, "Nuclear". Beyoncé performed the American national anthem singing along with a pre-recorded track at President Obama's second inauguration in Washington, D.C. The following month, Beyoncé performed at the Super Bowl XLVII halftime show, held at the Mercedes-Benz Superdome in New Orleans. The performance stands as the second most tweeted about moment in history at 268,000 tweets per minute. At the 55th Annual Grammy Awards, Beyoncé won for Best Traditional R&B Performance for "Love on Top". Her feature-length documentary film, Life Is But a Dream, first aired on HBO on February 16, 2013. The film was co-directed by Beyoncé herself.
2013–2015: Beyoncé
Beyoncé embarked on The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour on April 15 in Belgrade, Serbia; the tour included 132 dates that ran through to March 2014. It became the most successful tour of her career and one of the most successful tours of all time. In May, Beyoncé's cover of Amy Winehouse's "Back to Black" with André 3000 on The Great Gatsby soundtrack was released. Beyoncé voiced Queen Tara in the 3D CGI animated film, Epic, released by 20th Century Fox on May 24, and recorded an original song for the film, "Rise Up", co-written with Sia.
On December 13, 2013, Beyoncé unexpectedly released her eponymous fifth studio album on the iTunes Store without any prior announcement or promotion. The album debuted atop the Billboard 200 chart, giving Beyoncé her fifth consecutive number-one album in the US. This made her the first woman in the chart's history to have her first five studio albums debut at number one. Beyoncé received critical acclaim and commercial success, selling one million digital copies worldwide in six days; Musically an electro-R&B album, it concerns darker themes previously unexplored in her work, such as "bulimia, postnatal depression [and] the fears and insecurities of marriage and motherhood". The single "Drunk in Love", featuring Jay-Z, peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100 chart.
In April 2014, Beyoncé and Jay-Z officially announced their On the Run Tour. It served as the couple's first co-headlining stadium tour together. On August 24, 2014, she received the Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award at the 2014 MTV Video Music Awards. Beyoncé also won home three competitive awards: Best Video with a Social Message and Best Cinematography for "Pretty Hurts", as well as best collaboration for "Drunk in Love". In November, Forbes reported that Beyoncé was the top-earning woman in music for the second year in a row – earning $115 million in the year, more than double her earnings in 2013. Beyoncé was reissued with new material in three forms: as an extended play, a box set, as well as a full platinum edition. According to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI), in the last 19 days of 2013, the album sold 2.3 million units worldwide, becoming the tenth best-selling album of 2013. The album also went on to become the twentieth best-selling album of 2014. , Beyoncé has sold over 5 million copies worldwide and has generated over 1 billion streams, .
At the 57th Annual Grammy Awards in February 2015, Beyoncé was nominated for six awards, ultimately winning three: Best R&B Performance and Best R&B Song for "Drunk in Love", and Best Surround Sound Album for Beyoncé. She was nominated for Album of the Year, but the award went to Beck for his album Morning Phase.
2016–2018: Lemonade and Everything Is Love
On February 6, 2016, Beyoncé released "Formation" and its accompanying music video exclusively on the music streaming platform Tidal; the song was made available to download for free. She performed "Formation" live for the first time during the NFL Super Bowl 50 halftime show. The appearance was considered controversial as it appeared to reference the 50th anniversary of the Black Panther Party and the NFL forbids political statements in its performances. Immediately following the performance, Beyoncé announced The Formation World Tour, which highlighted stops in both North America, and Europe. It ended on October 7, with Beyoncé bringing out her husband Jay-Z, Kendrick Lamar, and Serena Williams for the last show. The tour went on to win Tour of the Year at the 44th American Music Awards.
On April 16, 2016, Beyoncé released a teaser clip for a project called Lemonade. It turned out to be a one-hour film which aired on HBO exactly a week later; a corresponding album with the same title was released on the same day exclusively on Tidal. Lemonade debuted at number one on the U.S. Billboard 200, making Beyoncé the first act in Billboard history to have their first six studio albums debut atop the chart; she broke a record previously tied with DMX in 2013. With all 12 tracks of Lemonade debuting on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, Beyoncé also became the first female act to chart 12 or more songs at the same time. Additionally, Lemonade was streamed 115 million times through Tidal, setting a record for the most-streamed album in a single week by a female artist in history. It was 2016's third highest-selling album in the U.S. with 1.554 million copies sold in that time period within the country as well as the best-selling album worldwide with global sales of 2.5 million throughout the year. In June 2019, Lemonade was certified 3× Platinum, having sold up to 3 million album-equivalent units in the United States alone.
Lemonade became her most critically acclaimed work to date, receiving universal acclaim according to Metacritic, a website collecting reviews from professional music critics. Several music publications included the album among the best of 2016, including Rolling Stone, which listed Lemonade at number one. The album's visuals were nominated in 11 categories at the 2016 MTV Video Music Awards, the most ever received by Beyoncé in a single year, and went on to win 8 awards, including Video of the Year for "Formation". The eight wins made Beyoncé the most-awarded artist in the history of the VMAs (24), surpassing Madonna (20). Beyoncé occupied the sixth place for Time magazine's 2016 Person of the Year.
In January 2017, it was announced that Beyoncé would headline the Coachella Music and Arts Festival. This would make Beyoncé only the second female headliner of the festival since it was founded in 1999. It was later announced on February 23, 2017, that Beyoncé would no longer be able to perform at the festival due to doctor's concerns regarding her pregnancy. The festival owners announced that she will instead headline the 2018 festival. Upon the announcement of Beyoncé's departure from the festival lineup, ticket prices dropped by 12%. At the 59th Grammy Awards in February 2017, Lemonade led the nominations with nine, including Album, Record, and Song of the Year for Lemonade and "Formation" respectively. and ultimately won two, Best Urban Contemporary Album for Lemonade and Best Music Video for "Formation". Adele, upon winning her Grammy for Album of the Year, stated Lemonade was monumental and more deserving.
In September 2017, Beyoncé collaborated with J Balvin and Willy William, to release a remix of the song "Mi Gente". Beyoncé donated all proceeds from the song to hurricane charities for those affected by Hurricane Harvey and Hurricane Irma in Texas, Mexico, Puerto Rico, and other Caribbean Islands. On November 10, Eminem released "Walk on Water" featuring Beyoncé as the lead single from his album Revival. On November 30, Ed Sheeran announced that Beyoncé would feature on the remix to his song "Perfect". "Perfect Duet" was released on December 1, 2017. The song reached number-one in the United States, becoming Beyoncé's sixth song of her solo career to do so.
On January 4, 2018, the music video of Beyoncé and Jay-Z's 4:44 collaboration, "Family Feud" was released. It was directed by Ava DuVernay. On March 1, 2018, DJ Khaled released "Top Off" as the first single from his forthcoming album Father of Asahd featuring Beyoncé, husband Jay-Z, and Future. On March 5, 2018, a joint tour with Knowles's husband Jay-Z, was leaked on Facebook. Information about the tour was later taken down. The couple announced the joint tour officially as On the Run II Tour on March 12 and simultaneously released a trailer for the tour on YouTube. On March 20, 2018, the couple traveled to Jamaica to film a music video directed by Melina Matsoukas.
On April 14, 2018, Beyoncé played the first of two weekends as the headlining act of the Coachella Music Festival. Her performance of April 14, attended by 125,000 festival-goers, was immediately praised, with multiple media outlets describing it as historic. The performance became the most-tweeted-about performance of weekend one, as well as the most-watched live Coachella performance and the most-watched live performance on YouTube of all time. The show paid tribute to black culture, specifically historically black colleges and universities and featured a live band with over 100 dancers. Destiny's Child also reunited during the show.
On June 6, 2018, Beyoncé and husband Jay-Z kicked-off the On the Run II Tour in Cardiff, United Kingdom. Ten days later, at their final London performance, the pair unveiled Everything Is Love, their joint studio album, credited under the name The Carters, and initially available exclusively on Tidal. The pair also released the video for the album's lead single, "Apeshit", on Beyoncé's official YouTube channel. Everything Is Love received generally positive reviews, and debuted at number two on the U.S. Billboard 200, with 123,000 album-equivalent units, of which 70,000 were pure album sales. On December 2, 2018, Beyoncé alongside Jay-Z headlined the Global Citizen Festival: Mandela 100 which was held at FNB Stadium in Johannesburg, South Africa. Their 2-hour performance had concepts similar to the On the Run II Tour and Beyoncé was praised for her outfits, which paid tribute to Africa's diversity.
2019–present: Homecoming, The Lion King and Black Is King
Homecoming, a documentary and concert film focusing on Beyoncé's historic 2018 Coachella performances, was released by Netflix on April 17, 2019. The film was accompanied by the surprise live album Homecoming: The Live Album. It was later reported that Beyoncé and Netflix had signed a $60 million deal to produce three different projects, one of which is Homecoming. Homecoming received six nominations at the 71st Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards.
Beyoncé starred as the voice of Nala in the remake The Lion King, which was released on July 19, 2019. Beyoncé is featured on the film's soundtrack, released on July 11, 2019, with a remake of the song "Can You Feel the Love Tonight" alongside Donald Glover, Billy Eichner and Seth Rogen, which was originally composed by Elton John. Additionally, an original song from the film by Beyoncé, "Spirit", was released as the lead single from both the soundtrack and The Lion King: The Gift – a companion album released alongside the film, produced and curated by Beyoncé. Beyoncé called The Lion King: The Gift a "sonic cinema". She also stated that the album is influenced by everything from R&B, pop, hip hop and Afro Beat. The songs were additionally produced by African producers, which Beyoncé said was because "authenticity and heart were important to [her]", since the film is set in Africa. In September of the same year, a documentary chronicling the development, production and early music video filming of The Lion King: The Gift entitled "Beyoncé Presents: Making The Gift" was aired on ABC.
On April 29, 2020, Beyoncé was featured on the remix of Megan Thee Stallion's song "Savage", marking her first material of music for the year. The song peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100, marking Beyoncé's eleventh song to do so across all acts. On June 19, 2020, Beyoncé released the nonprofit charity single "Black Parade". On June 23, she followed up the release of its studio version with an a capella version exclusively on Tidal. Black Is King, a visual album based on the music of The Lion King: The Gift, premiered globally on Disney+ on July 31, 2020. Produced by Disney and Parkwood Entertainment, the film was written, directed and executive produced by Beyoncé. The film was described by Disney as "a celebratory memoir for the world on the Black experience". Beyoncé received the most nominations (9) at the 63rd Annual Grammy Awards and the most awards (4), which made her the most-awarded singer, most-awarded female artist, and second-most-awarded artist in Grammy history.
Beyoncé wrote and recorded a song titled "Be Alive" for the biographical drama film King Richard. She received her first Academy Award nomination for Best Original Song at the 94th Academy Awards for the song, alongside co-writer DIXSON.
Artistry
Voice and musical style
Beyoncé's voice type is classified as dramatic mezzo-soprano. Jody Rosen highlights her tone and timbre as particularly distinctive, describing her voice as "one of the most compelling instruments in popular music". Her vocal abilities mean she is identified as the centerpiece of Destiny's Child. Jon Pareles of The New York Times commented that her voice is "velvety yet tart, with an insistent flutter and reserves of soul belting". Rosen notes that the hip hop era highly influenced Beyoncé's unique rhythmic vocal style, but also finds her quite traditionalist in her use of balladry, gospel and falsetto. Other critics praise her range and power, with Chris Richards of The Washington Post saying she was "capable of punctuating any beat with goose-bump-inducing whispers or full-bore diva-roars."
Beyoncé's music is generally R&B, pop and hip hop but she also incorporates soul and funk into her songs. 4 demonstrated Beyoncé's exploration of 1990s-style R&B, as well as further use of soul and hip hop than compared to previous releases. While she almost exclusively releases English songs, Beyoncé recorded several Spanish songs for Irreemplazable (re-recordings of songs from B'Day for a Spanish-language audience), and the re-release of B'Day. To record these, Beyoncé was coached phonetically by American record producer Rudy Perez.
Songwriting
Beyoncé has received co-writing credits for most of her songs. In regards to the way she approaches collaborative songwriting, Beyoncé explained: "I love being around great writers because I'm finding that a lot of the things I want to say, I don't articulate as good as maybe Amanda Ghost, so I want to keep collaborating with writers, and I love classics and I want to make sure years from now the song is still something that's relevant." Her early songs with Destiny's Child were personally driven and female-empowerment themed compositions like "Independent Women" and "Survivor", but after the start of her relationship with Jay-Z, she transitioned to more man-tending anthems such as "Cater 2 U".
In 2001, she became the first Black woman and second female lyricist to win the Pop Songwriter of the Year award at the ASCAP Pop Music Awards. Beyoncé was the third woman to have writing credits on three number-one songs ("Irreplaceable", "Grillz" and "Check on It") in the same year, after Carole King in 1971 and Mariah Carey in 1991. She is tied with American lyricist Diane Warren at third with nine songwriting credits on number-one singles. The latter wrote her 9/11-motivated song "I Was Here" for 4. In May 2011, Billboard magazine listed Beyoncé at number 17 on their list of the Top 20 Hot 100 Songwriters for having co-written eight singles that hit number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. She was one of only three women on that list, along with Alicia Keys and Taylor Swift.
Beyoncé has long received criticism, including from journalists and musicians, for the extensive writing credits on her songs. The controversy surrounding her songwriting credits began with interviews in which she attributed herself as the songwriter for songs in which she was a co-writer or for which her contributions were marginal. In a cover story for Vanity Fair in 2005, she claimed to have "written" several number-one songs for Destiny's Child, contrary to the credits, which list her as a co-writer among others. In a 2007 interview with Barbara Walters, she claimed to have conceived the musical idea for the Destiny's Child hit "Bootylicious", which provoked the song's producer Rob Fusari to call her father and then-manager Mathew Knowles in protest over the claim. As Fusari tells Billboard, "[Knowles] explained to me, in a nice way, he said, 'People don't want to hear about Rob Fusari, producer from Livingston, N.J. No offense, but that's not what sells records. What sells records is people believing that the artist is everything. However, in an interview for Entertainment Weekly in 2016, Fusari said Beyoncé "had the 'Bootylicious' concept in her head. That was totally her. She knew what she wanted to say. It was very urban pop angle that they were taking on the record."
In 2007, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ruled out Beyoncé as a songwriter on "Listen" (from Dreamgirls) for its Oscar nomination in the Best Original Song category. Responding to a then-new three-writer limit, the Academy deemed her contribution the least significant for inclusion. In 2009, Ryan Tedder's original demo for "Halo" leaked on the Internet, revealing an identical resemblance to Beyoncé's recording, for which she received a writing credit. When interviewed by The Guardian, Tedder explained that Beyoncé had edited the bridge of the song vocally and thus earned the credit, although he vaguely questioned the ethics of her possible "demand" for a writing credit in other instances. Tedder elaborated when speaking to Gigwise that "She does stuff on any given song that, when you go from the demo to the final version, takes it to another level that you never would have thought of as the writer. For instance, on 'Halo,' that bridge on her version is completely different to my original one. Basically, she came in, ditched that, edited it, did her vocal thing on it, and now it's become one of my favorite parts of the song. The whole melody, she wrote it spontaneously in the studio. So her credit on that song stems from that." In 2014, the popular industry songwriter Linda Perry responded to a question about Beyoncé receiving a co-writing credit for changing one lyric to a song: "Well haha um that's not songwriting but some of these artists believe if it wasn't for them your song would never get out there so they take a cut just because they are who they are. But everyone knows the real truth about Beyoncé. She is talented but in a completely different way." Perry's remarks were echoed by Frank Ocean, who acknowledged the trend of recording artists forcing writing credits while jokingly suggesting Beyoncé had an exceptional status.
Reflecting on the controversy, Sunday Independent columnist Alexis Kritselis wrote in 2014, "It seems as though our love for all things Beyoncé has blinded us to the very real claims of theft and plagiarism that have plagued her career for years", and that, "because of her power and influence in the music industry, it may be hard for some songwriters to 'just say no' to Beyoncé." While reporting on her controversial writing record, pop culture critics such as Roger Friedman and The Daily Beasts Kevin Fallon said the trend has redefined popular conceptions of songwriting, with Fallon saying, "the village of authors and composers that populate Lemonade, [Kanye West']s Life of Pablo, [Rihanna's] Anti, or [Drake's] Views – all of which are still reflective of an artist's voice and vision ... speaks to the truth of the way the industry's top artists create their music today: by committee." James S. Murphy of Vanity Fair suggests Beyoncé is among the major artists like Frank Sinatra and Billie Holiday who are "celebrated [not] because [they] write such good parts, but because [they] create them out of the words that are given".
Meanwhile, Everything Is Love producers Cool & Dre stated that Beyoncé is "100 percent involved" in writing her own songs, with Dre saying that "She put her mind to the music and did her thing. If she had a melody idea, she came up with the words. If we had the words, she came up with the melody. She's a beast", when speaking on the writing process of Everything Is Love. Ne-Yo, when asked about his collaborative writing experience with Beyoncé on "Irreplaceable", said that they both wrote "two damn totally different songs ... So, yeah, I gave her writer's credit. Because that counts. That's writing ... She put her spin on it." As for Drake: Pound Cake' happened while I was writing for Beyoncé or working with Beyoncé, not writing for, working with. I hate saying writing for 'cause she's a phenomenal writer. She has bars on bars." The-Dream revealed: "We did a whole Fela album that didn't go up. It was right before we did 4. We did a whole different sounding thing, about twenty songs. She said she wanted to do something that sounds like Fela. That's why there's so much of that sound in the 'End of Time.' There's always multiple albums being made. Most of the time we're just being creative, period. We're talking about B, somebody who sings all day long and somebody who writes all day long. There's probably a hundred records just sitting around."
Influences
Beyoncé names Michael Jackson as her major musical influence. Aged five, Beyoncé attended her first ever concert where Jackson performed and she claims to have realized her purpose. When she presented him with a tribute award at the World Music Awards in 2006, Beyoncé said, "if it wasn't for Michael Jackson, I would never ever have performed." Beyoncé was heavily influenced by Tina Turner, who she said "Tina Turner is someone that I admire, because she made her strength feminine and sexy". She admires Diana Ross as an "all-around entertainer", and Whitney Houston, who she said "inspired me to get up there and do what she did." Beyoncé cited Madonna as an influence "not only for her musical style, but also for her business sense", saying that she wanted to "follow in the footsteps of Madonna and be a powerhouse and have my own empire." She also credits Mariah Carey's singing and her song "Vision of Love" as influencing her to begin practicing vocal runs as a child. Her other musical influences include Prince, Shakira, Lauryn Hill, Sade Adu, Donna Summer, Mary J. Blige, Anita Baker, and Toni Braxton.
The feminism and female empowerment themes on Beyoncé's second solo album B'Day were inspired by her role in Dreamgirls and by singer Josephine Baker. Beyoncé paid homage to Baker by performing "Déjà Vu" at the 2006 Fashion Rocks concert wearing Baker's trademark mini-hula skirt embellished with fake bananas. Beyoncé's third solo album, I Am... Sasha Fierce, was inspired by Jay-Z and especially by Etta James, whose "boldness" inspired Beyoncé to explore other musical genres and styles. Her fourth solo album, 4, was inspired by Fela Kuti, 1990s R&B, Earth, Wind & Fire, DeBarge, Lionel Richie, Teena Marie, The Jackson 5, New Edition, Adele, Florence and the Machine, and Prince.
Beyoncé has stated that she is personally inspired by Michelle Obama (the 44th First Lady of the United States), saying "she proves you can do it all", and has described Oprah Winfrey as "the definition of inspiration and a strong woman." She has also discussed how Jay-Z is a continuing inspiration to her, both with what she describes as his lyrical genius and in the obstacles he has overcome in his life. Beyoncé has expressed admiration for the artist Jean-Michel Basquiat, posting in a letter "what I find in the work of Jean-Michel Basquiat, I search for in every day in music ... he is lyrical and raw". Beyoncé also cited Cher as a fashion inspiration.
Music videos and stage
In 2006, Beyoncé introduced her all-female tour band Suga Mama (also the name of a song on B'Day) which includes bassists, drummers, guitarists, horn players, keyboardists and percussionists. Her background singers, The Mamas, consist of Montina Cooper-Donnell, Crystal Collins and Tiffany Moniqué Riddick. They made their debut appearance at the 2006 BET Awards and re-appeared in the music videos for "Irreplaceable" and "Green Light". The band have supported Beyoncé in most subsequent live performances, including her 2007 concert tour The Beyoncé Experience, I Am... World Tour (2009–2010), The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour (2013–2014) and The Formation World Tour (2016).
Beyoncé has received praise for her stage presence and voice during live performances. Jarett Wieselman of the New York Post placed her at number one on her list of the Five Best Singer/Dancers. According to Barbara Ellen of The Guardian Beyoncé is the most in-charge female artist she's seen onstage, while Alice Jones of The Independent wrote she "takes her role as entertainer so seriously she's almost too good." The ex-President of Def Jam L.A. Reid has described Beyoncé as the greatest entertainer alive. Jim Farber of the Daily News and Stephanie Classen of The StarPhoenix both praised her strong voice and her stage presence. Beyoncé's stage outfits have been met with criticism from many countries, such as Malaysia, where she has postponed or cancelled performances due to the country's strict laws banning revealing costumes.
Beyoncé has worked with numerous directors for her music videos throughout her career, including Melina Matsoukas, Jonas Åkerlund, and Jake Nava. Bill Condon, director of Beauty and the Beast, stated that the Lemonade visuals in particular served as inspiration for his film, commenting, "You look at Beyoncé's brilliant movie Lemonade, this genre is taking on so many different forms ... I do think that this very old-school break-out-into-song traditional musical is something that people understand again and really want."
Alter ego
Described as being "sexy, seductive and provocative" when performing on stage, Beyoncé has said that she originally created the alter ego "Sasha Fierce" to keep that stage persona separate from who she really is. She described Sasha as being "too aggressive, too strong, too sassy [and] too sexy", stating, "I'm not like her in real life at all." Sasha was conceived during the making of "Crazy in Love", and Beyoncé introduced her with the release of her 2008 album, I Am... Sasha Fierce. In February 2010, she announced in an interview with Allure magazine that she was comfortable enough with herself to no longer need Sasha Fierce. However, Beyoncé announced in May 2012 that she would bring her back for her Revel Presents: Beyoncé Live shows later that month.
Public image
Beyoncé has been described as having a wide-ranging sex appeal, with music journalist Touré writing that since the release of Dangerously in Love, she has "become a crossover sex symbol". Offstage Beyoncé says that while she likes to dress sexily, her onstage dress "is absolutely for the stage". Due to her curves and the term's catchiness, in the 2000s, the media often used the term "bootylicious" (a portmanteau of the words "booty" and "delicious") to describe Beyoncé, the term popularized by Destiny's Child's single of the same name. In 2006, it was added to the Oxford English Dictionary.
In September 2010, Beyoncé made her runway modelling debut at Tom Ford's Spring/Summer 2011 fashion show. She was named the "World's Most Beautiful Woman" by People and the "Hottest Female Singer of All Time" by Complex in 2012. In January 2013, GQ placed her on its cover, featuring her atop its "100 Sexiest Women of the 21st Century" list. VH1 listed her at number 1 on its 100 Sexiest Artists list. Several wax figures of Beyoncé are found at Madame Tussauds Wax Museums in major cities around the world, including New York, Washington, D.C., Amsterdam, Bangkok, Hollywood and Sydney.
According to Italian fashion designer Roberto Cavalli, Beyoncé uses different fashion styles to work with her music while performing. Her mother co-wrote a book, published in 2002, titled Destiny's Style, an account of how fashion affected the trio's success. The B'Day Anthology Video Album showed many instances of fashion-oriented footage, depicting classic to contemporary wardrobe styles. In 2007, Beyoncé was featured on the cover of the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue, becoming the second African American woman after Tyra Banks, and People magazine recognized Beyoncé as the best-dressed celebrity.
Beyoncé has been named "Queen Bey" from publications over the years. The term is a reference to the common phrase "queen bee", a term used for the leader of a group of females. The nickname also refers to the queen of a beehive, with her fan base being named "The BeyHive". The BeyHive was previously titled "The Beyontourage", (a portmanteau of Beyoncé and entourage), but was changed after online petitions on Twitter and online news reports during competitions. The BeyHive has been named one of the most loyal and defensive fan bases and has achieved notoriety for being fiercely protective of Beyoncé.
In 2006, the animal rights organization People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), criticized Beyoncé for wearing and using fur in her clothing line House of Deréon. In 2011, she appeared on the cover of French fashion magazine L'Officiel, in blackface and tribal makeup that drew criticism from the media. A statement released from a spokesperson for the magazine said that Beyoncé's look was "far from the glamorous Sasha Fierce" and that it was "a return to her African roots".
Beyoncé's lighter skin color and costuming has drawn criticism from some in the African-American community. Emmett Price, a professor of music at Northeastern University, wrote in 2007 that he thinks race plays a role in many of these criticisms, saying white celebrities who dress similarly do not attract as many comments. In 2008, L'Oréal was accused of whitening her skin in their Feria hair color advertisements, responding that "it is categorically untrue", and in 2013, Beyoncé herself criticized H&M for their proposed "retouching" of promotional images of her, and according to Vogue requested that only "natural pictures be used".
Beyoncé has been a vocal advocate for the Black Lives Matter movement. The release of "Formation" on February 6, 2016 saw her celebrate her heritage, with the song's music video featuring pro-black imagery and most notably a shot of wall graffiti that says "Stop shooting us". The day after the song's release she performed it at the 2016 Super Bowl halftime show with back up dancers dressed to represent the Black Panther Party. This incited criticism from politicians and police officers, with some police boycotting Beyoncé's then upcoming Formation World Tour. Beyoncé responded to the backlash by releasing tour merchandise that said "Boycott Beyoncé", and later clarified her sentiment, saying: “Anyone who perceives my message as anti-police is completely mistaken. I have so much admiration and respect for officers and the families of officers who sacrifice themselves to keep us safe,” Beyoncé said. “But let’s be clear: I am against police brutality and injustice. Those are two separate things.”
Personal life
Marriage and children
Beyoncé started a relationship with Jay-Z after their collaboration on '03 Bonnie & Clyde", which appeared on his seventh album The Blueprint 2: The Gift & The Curse (2002). Beyoncé appeared as Jay-Z's girlfriend in the music video for the song, fueling speculation about their relationship. On April 4, 2008, Beyoncé and Jay-Z married without publicity. , the couple had sold a combined 300 million records together. They are known for their private relationship, although they have appeared to become more relaxed in recent years. Both have acknowledged difficulty that arose in their marriage after Jay-Z had an affair.
Beyoncé miscarried around 2010 or 2011, describing it as "the saddest thing" she had ever endured. She returned to the studio and wrote music to cope with the loss. In April 2011, Beyoncé and Jay-Z traveled to Paris to shoot the album cover for 4, and she unexpectedly became pregnant in Paris. In August, the couple attended the 2011 MTV Video Music Awards, at which Beyoncé performed "Love on Top" and ended the performance by revealing she was pregnant. Her appearance helped that year's MTV Video Music Awards become the most-watched broadcast in MTV history, pulling in 12.4 million viewers; the announcement was listed in Guinness World Records for "most tweets per second recorded for a single event" on Twitter, receiving 8,868 tweets per second and "Beyonce pregnant" was the most Googled phrase the week of August 29, 2011. On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to a daughter, Blue Ivy, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York City.
Following the release of Lemonade, which included the single "Sorry", in 2016, speculations arose about Jay-Z's alleged infidelity with a mistress referred to as "Becky". Jon Pareles in The New York Times pointed out that many of the accusations were "aimed specifically and recognizably" at him. Similarly, Rob Sheffield of Rolling Stone magazine noted the lines "Suck on my balls, I've had enough" were an "unmistakable hint" that the lyrics revolve around Jay-Z.
On February 1, 2017, she revealed on her Instagram account that she was expecting twins. Her announcement gained over 6.3 million likes within eight hours, breaking the world record for the most liked image on the website at the time. On July 13, 2017, Beyoncé uploaded the first image of herself and the twins onto her Instagram account, confirming their birth date as a month prior, on June 13, 2017, with the post becoming the second most liked on Instagram, behind her own pregnancy announcement. The twins, a daughter named Rumi and a son named Sir, were born at Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center in California. She wrote of her pregnancy and its aftermath in the September 2018 issue of Vogue, in which she had full control of the cover, shot at Hammerwood Park by photographer Tyler Mitchell.
Activism
Beyoncé performed "America the Beautiful" at President Barack Obama's 2009 presidential inauguration, as well as "At Last" during the first inaugural dance at the Neighborhood Ball two days later. The couple held a fundraiser at Jay-Z's 40/40 Club in Manhattan for President Obama's 2012 presidential campaign which raised $4 million. In the 2012 presidential election, the singer voted for President Obama. She performed the American national anthem "The Star-Spangled Banner" at his second inauguration in January 2013.
The Washington Post reported in May 2015, that Beyoncé attended a major celebrity fundraiser for 2016 presidential nominee Hillary Clinton. She also headlined for Clinton in a concert held the weekend before Election Day the next year. In this performance, Beyoncé and her entourage of backup dancers wore pantsuits; a clear allusion to Clinton's frequent dress-of-choice. The backup dancers also wore "I'm with her" tee shirts, the campaign slogan for Clinton. In a brief speech at this performance Beyoncé said, "I want my daughter to grow up seeing a woman lead our country and knowing that her possibilities are limitless." She endorsed the bid of Beto O'Rourke during the 2018 United States Senate election in Texas.
In 2013, Beyoncé stated in an interview in Vogue that she considered herself to be "a modern-day feminist". She would later align herself more publicly with the movement, sampling "We should all be feminists", a speech delivered by Nigerian author Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie at a TEDx talk in April 2013, in her song "Flawless", released later that year. The next year she performed live at the MTV Video Awards in front a giant backdrop reading "Feminist". Her self-identification incited a circulation of opinions and debate about whether her feminism is aligned with older, more established feminist ideals. Annie Lennox, celebrated artist and feminist advocate, referred to Beyoncé's use of her word feminist as 'feminist lite'. bell hooks critiqued Beyoncé, referring to her as a "terrorist" towards feminism, harmfully impacting her audience of young girls. Adichie responded with "her type of feminism is not mine, as it is the kind that, at the same time, gives quite a lot of space to the necessity of men." Adichie expands upon what 'feminist lite' means to her, referring that "more troubling is the idea, in Feminism Lite, that men are naturally superior but should be expected to "treat women well" and "we judge powerful women more harshly than we judge powerful men. And Feminism Lite enables this." Beyoncé responded about her intent by utilizing the definition of feminist with her platform was to "give clarity to the true meaning" behind it. She says to understand what being a feminist is, "it's very simple. It's someone who believes in equal rights for men and women." She advocated to provide equal opportunities for young boys and girls, men and women must begin to understand the double standards that remain persistent in our societies and the issue must be illuminated in effort to start making changes.
She has also contributed to the Ban Bossy campaign, which uses TV and social media to encourage leadership in girls. Following Beyoncé's public identification as a feminist, the sexualized nature of her performances and the fact that she championed her marriage was questioned.
In December 2012, Beyoncé along with a variety of other celebrities teamed up and produced a video campaign for "Demand A Plan", a bipartisan effort by a group of 950 U.S. mayors and others designed to influence the federal government into rethinking its gun control laws, following the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting. Beyoncé publicly endorsed same-sex marriage on March 26, 2013, after the Supreme Court debate on California's Proposition 8. She spoke against North Carolina's Public Facilities Privacy & Security Act, a bill passed (and later repealed) that discriminated against the LGBT community in public places in a statement during her concert in Raleigh as part of the Formation World Tour in 2016. She has also condemned police brutality against black Americans. She and Jay-Z attended a rally in 2013 in response to the acquittal of George Zimmerman for the killing of Trayvon Martin. The film for her sixth album Lemonade included the mothers of Trayvon Martin, Michael Brown and Eric Garner, holding pictures of their sons in the video for "Freedom". In a 2016 interview with Elle, Beyoncé responded to the controversy surrounding her song "Formation" which was perceived to be critical of the police. She clarified, "I am against police brutality and injustice. Those are two separate things. If celebrating my roots and culture during Black History Month made anyone uncomfortable, those feelings were there long before a video and long before me".
In February 2017, Beyoncé spoke out against the withdrawal of protections for transgender students in public schools by Donald Trump's presidential administration. Posting a link to the 100 Days of Kindness campaign on her Facebook page, Beyoncé voiced her support for transgender youth and joined a roster of celebrities who spoke out against Trump's decision.
In November 2017, Beyoncé presented Colin Kaepernick with the 2017 Sports Illustrated Muhammad Ali Legacy Award, stating, "Thank you for your selfless heart and your conviction, thank you for your personal sacrifice", and that "Colin took action with no fear of consequence ... To change perception, to change the way we treat each other, especially people of color. We're still waiting for the world to catch up." Muhammad Ali was heavily penalized in his career for protesting the status quo of US civil rights through opposition to the Vietnam War, by refusing to serve in the military. 40 years later, Kaepernick had already lost one professional year due to taking a much quieter and legal stand "for people that are oppressed".
Wealth
Forbes magazine began reporting on Beyoncé's earnings in 2008, calculating that the $80 million earned between June 2007 to June 2008, for her music, tour, films and clothing line made her the world's best-paid music personality at the time, above Madonna and Celine Dion. It placed her fourth on the Celebrity 100 list in 2009
and ninth on the "Most Powerful Women in the World" list in 2010. The following year, the magazine placed her eighth on the "Best-Paid Celebrities Under 30" list, having earned $35 million in the past year for her clothing line and endorsement deals. In 2012, Forbes placed Beyoncé at number 16 on the Celebrity 100 list, twelve places lower than three years ago yet still having earned $40 million in the past year for her album 4, clothing line and endorsement deals. In the same year, Beyoncé and Jay-Z placed at number one on the "World's Highest-Paid Celebrity Couples", for collectively earning $78 million. The couple made it into the previous year's Guinness World Records as the "highest-earning power couple" for collectively earning $122 million in 2009. For the years 2009 to 2011, Beyoncé earned an average of $70 million per year, and earned $40 million in 2012. In 2013, Beyoncé's endorsements of Pepsi and H&M made her and Jay-Z the world's first billion dollar couple in the music industry. That year, Beyoncé was published as the fourth most-powerful celebrity in the Forbes rankings.
MTV estimated that by the end of 2014, Beyoncé would become the highest-paid Black musician in history; this became the case in April 2014. In June 2014, Beyoncé ranked at number one on the Forbes Celebrity 100 list, earning an estimated $115 million throughout June 2013 – June 2014. This in turn was the first time she had topped the Celebrity 100 list as well as being her highest yearly earnings to date. In 2016, Beyoncé ranked at number 34 on the Celebrity 100 list with earnings of $54 million. She and Jay-Z also topped the highest paid celebrity couple list, with combined earnings of $107.5 million. , Forbes calculated her net worth to be $355 million, and in June of the same year, ranked her as the 35th highest earning celebrity with annual earnings of $60 million. This tied Beyoncé with Madonna as the only two female artists to earn more than $100 million within a single year twice. As a couple, Beyoncé and Jay-Z have a combined net worth of $1.16 billion. In July 2017, Billboard announced that Beyoncé was the highest paid musician of 2016, with an estimated total of $62.1 million.
Impact
Beyoncé's success has led to her becoming a cultural icon and earning her the nickname "Queen Bey". In The New Yorker, music critic Jody Rosen described Beyoncé as "the most important and compelling popular musician of the twenty-first century ... the result, the logical end point, of a century-plus of pop." Author James Clear, in his book Atomic Habits (2018), draws a parallel between the singer's success and the dramatic transformations in modern society: "In the last one hundred years, we have seen the rise of the car, the airplane, the television, the personal computer, the internet, the smartphone, and Beyoncé." The Observer named her Artist of the Decade (2000s) in 2009.
Writing for Entertainment Weekly, Alex Suskind noticed how Beyoncé was the decade's (2010s) defining pop star, stating that "no one dominated music in the 2010s like Queen Bey", explaining that her "songs, album rollouts, stage presence, social justice initiatives, and disruptive public relations strategy have influenced the way we've viewed music since 2010." British publication NME also shared similar thoughts on her impact in the 2010s, including Beyoncé on their list of the "10 Artists Who Defined The Decade". In 2018, Rolling Stone included her on its Millennial 100 list.
Beyoncé is credited with the invention of the staccato rap-singing style that has since dominated pop, R&B and rap music. Lakin Starling of The Fader wrote that Beyoncé's innovative implementation of the delivery style on Destiny's Child's 1999 album The Writing's on the Wall invented a new form of R&B. Beyoncé's new style subsequently changed the nature of music, revolutionizing both singing in urban music and rapping in pop music, and becoming the dominant sound of both genres. The style helped to redefine both the breadth of commercial R&B and the sound of hip hop, with artists such as Kanye West and Drake implementing Beyoncé's cadence in the late 2000s and early 2010s. The staccato rap-singing style continued to be used in the music industry in the late 2010s and early 2020s; Aaron Williams of Uproxx described Beyoncé as the "primary pioneer" of the rapping style that dominates the music industry today, with many contemporary rappers implementing Beyoncé's rap-singing. Michael Eric Dyson agrees, saying that Beyoncé "changed the whole genre" and has become the "godmother" of mumble rappers, who use the staccato rap-singing cadence. Dyson added: "She doesn't get credit for the remarkable way in which she changed the musical vocabulary of contemporary art."
Beyoncé has been credited with reviving the album as an art form in an era dominated by singles and streaming. This started with her 2011 album 4; while mainstream R&B artists were forgoing albums-led R&B in favor of singles-led EDM, Beyoncé aimed to place the focus back on albums as an artform and re-establish R&B as a mainstream concern. This remained a focus of Beyoncé's, and in 2013, she made her eponymous album only available to purchase as a full album on iTunes, rather than being able to purchase individual tracks or consume the album via streaming. Kaitlin Menza of Marie Claire wrote that this made listeners "experience the album as one whole sonic experience, the way people used to, noting the musical and lyrical themes". Jamieson Cox for The Verge described how Beyoncé's 2013 album initiated a gradual trend of albums becoming more cohesive and self-referential, and this phenomenon reached its endpoint with Lemonade, which set "a new standard for pop storytelling at the highest possible scale". Megan Carpentier of The Guardian wrote that with Lemonade, Beyoncé has "almost revived the album format" by releasing an album that can only be listened to in its entirety. Myf Warhurst on Double J's "Lunch With Myf" explained that while most artists' albums consist of a few singles plus filler songs, Beyoncé "brought the album back", changing the art form of the album "to a narrative with an arc and a story and you have to listen to the entire thing to get the concept".
Several recording artists have cited Beyoncé as their influence. Lady Gaga explained how Beyoncé gave her the determination to become a musician, recalling seeing her in a Destiny's Child music video and saying: "Oh, she's a star. I want that." Rihanna was similarly inspired to start her singing career after watching Beyoncé, telling etalk that after Beyoncé released Dangerously In Love (2003), "I was like 'wow, I want to be just like that.' She's huge and just an inspiration." Lizzo was also first inspired by Beyoncé to start singing after watching her perform at a Destiny's Child concert. Lizzo also taught herself to sing by copying Beyoncé's B'Day (2006). Similarly, Ariana Grande said she learned to sing by mimicking Beyoncé. Adele cited Beyoncé as her inspiration and favorite artist, telling Vogue: "She's been a huge and constant part of my life as an artist since I was about ten or eleven ... I think she's really inspiring. She's beautiful. She's ridiculously talented, and she is one of the kindest people I've ever met ... She makes me want to do things with my life." Both Paul McCartney and Garth Brooks said they watch Beyoncé's performances to get inspiration for their own shows, with Brooks saying that when you watch one of her performances, "take out your notebook and take notes. No matter how long you've been on the stage – take notes on that one."
She is known for coining popular phrases such as "put a ring on it", a euphemism for marriage proposal, "I woke up like this", which started a trend of posting morning selfies with the hashtag #iwokeuplikethis, and "boy, bye", which was used as part of the Democratic National Committee's campaign for the 2020 election. Similarly, she also came up with the phrase "visual album" following the release of her fifth studio album, which had a video for every song. This has been recreated by many other artists since, such as Frank Ocean and Melanie Martinez. The album also popularized surprise releases, with many artists releasing songs, videos or albums with no prior announcement, such as Taylor Swift, Nicki Minaj, Eminem, Frank Ocean, Jay-Z and Drake.
In January 2012, research scientist Bryan Lessard named Scaptia beyonceae, a species of horse-fly found in Northern Queensland, Australia after Beyoncé due to the fly's unique golden hairs on its abdomen. In 2018, the City of Columbia, South Carolina declared August 21 the Beyoncé Knowles-Carter Day in the city after presenting her with the keys to Columbia.
Achievements
Beyoncé has received numerous awards, and is the most-awarded female artist of all time. As a solo artist she has sold over 17 million albums in the US, and over 75 million worldwide (as of February 2013). Having sold over 100 million records worldwide (a further 60 million additionally with Destiny's Child), Beyoncé is one of the best-selling music artists of all time. The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) listed Beyoncé as the top certified artist of the 2000s decade, with a total of 64 certifications. Her songs "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)", "Halo", and "Irreplaceable" are some of the best-selling singles of all time worldwide. In 2009, Billboard named her the Top Female Artist and Top Radio Songs Artist of the Decade. In 2010, Billboard named her in their Top 50 R&B/Hip-Hop Artists of the Past 25 Years list at number 15. In 2012, VH1 ranked her third on their list of the "100 Greatest Women in Music", behind Mariah Carey and Madonna. In 2002, she received Songwriter of the Year from American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers becoming the First African American woman to win the award. In 2004 and 2019, she received NAACP Image Award for Entertainer of the Year and the Soul Train Music Award for Sammy Davis Jr. – Entertainer of the Year.
In 2005, she also received APEX Award at the Trumpet Award honoring achievements of Black African Americans. In 2007, Beyoncé received the International Artist of Excellence award by the American Music Awards. She also received Honorary Otto at the Bravo Otto. The following year, she received the Legend Award for Outstanding Contribution to the Arts at the World Music Awards and Career Achievement Award at the LOS40 Music Awards. In 2010, she received Award of Honor for Artist of the Decade at the NRJ Music Award and at the 2011 Billboard Music Awards, Beyoncé received the inaugural Billboard Millennium Award. Beyoncé received the Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award at the 2014 MTV Video Music Awards and was honored as Honorary Mother of the Year at the Australian Mother of the Year Award in Barnardo's Australia for her Humanitarian Effort in the region and the Council of Fashion Designers of America Fashion Icon Award in 2016. In 2019, alongside Jay-Z, she received GLAAD Vanguard Award that is presented to a member of the entertainment community who does not identify as LGBT but who has made a significant difference in promoting equal rights for LGBT people. In 2020, she was awarded the BET Humanitarian Award. Consequence of Sound named her the 30th best singer of all time.
Beyoncé has won 28 Grammy Awards, both as a solo artist and member of Destiny's Child and The Carters, making her the most honored singer, male or female, by the Grammys. She is also the most nominated artist in Grammy Award history with a total of 79 nominations. "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" won Song of the Year in 2010 while "Say My Name", "Crazy in Love" and "Drunk in Love" have each won Best R&B Song. Dangerously in Love, B'Day and I Am... Sasha Fierce have all won Best Contemporary R&B Album, while Lemonade has won Best Urban Contemporary Album. Beyoncé set the record for the most Grammy awards won by a female artist in one night in 2010 when she won six awards, breaking the tie she previously held with Alicia Keys, Norah Jones, Alison Krauss, and Amy Winehouse, with Adele equaling this in 2012.
Beyoncé has also won 24 MTV Video Music Awards, making her the most-awarded artist in Video Music Award history. She won two awards each with The Carters and Destiny's Child making her lifetime total of 28 VMAs. "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" and "Formation" won Video of the Year in 2009 and 2016 respectively. Beyoncé tied the record set by Lady Gaga in 2010 for the most VMAs won in one night for a female artist with eight in 2016. She is also the most-awarded and nominated artist in BET Award history, winning 29 awards from a total of 60 nominations, the most-awarded person at the Soul Train Music Awards with 17 awards as a solo artist, and the most-awarded person at the NAACP Image Awards with 24 awards as a solo artist.
Following her role in Dreamgirls, Beyoncé was nominated for Best Original Song for "Listen" and Best Actress at the Golden Globe Awards, and Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture at the NAACP Image Awards. Beyoncé won two awards at the Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards 2006; Best Song for "Listen" and Best Original Soundtrack for Dreamgirls: Music from the Motion Picture. According to Fuse in 2014, Beyoncé is the second-most award-winning artist of all time, after Michael Jackson. Lemonade won a Peabody Award in 2017.
She was named on the 2016 BBC Radio 4 Woman's Hour Power List as one of seven women judged to have had the biggest impact on women's lives over the past 70 years, alongside Margaret Thatcher, Barbara Castle, Helen Brook, Germaine Greer, Jayaben Desai and Bridget Jones, She was named the Most Powerful Woman in Music on the same list in 2020. In the same year, Billboard named her with Destiny's Child the third Greatest Music Video artists of all time, behind Madonna and Michael Jackson.
On June 16, 2021, Beyoncé was among several celebrities at the Pollstar Awards where she won the award of "top touring artist" of the decade (2010s). On June 17, 2021, Beyoncé was inducted into the Black Music & Entertainment Walk of Fame as a member of the inaugural class.
Business and ventures
In 2010, Beyoncé founded her own entertainment company Parkwood Entertainment which formed as an imprint based from Columbia Records, the company began as a production unit for videos and films in 2008. Parkwood Entertainment is named after a street in Houston, Texas where Beyoncé once lived. With headquarters in New York City, the company serves as an umbrella for the entertainer's various brands in music, movies, videos, and fashion. The staff of Parkwood Entertainment have experiences in arts and entertainment, from filmmaking and video production to web and fashion design. In addition to departments in marketing, digital, creative, publicity, fashion design and merchandising, the company houses a state-of-the-art editing suite, where Beyoncé works on content for her worldwide tours, music videos, and television specials. Parkwood Entertainment's first production was the musical biopic Cadillac Records (2008), in which Beyoncé starred and co-produced. The company has also distributed Beyoncé's albums such as her self-titled fifth studio album (2013), Lemonade (2016) and The Carters, Everything is Love (2018). Beyoncé has also signed other artists to Parkwood such as Chloe x Halle, who performed at Super Bowl LIII in February 2019.
Endorsements and partnerships
Beyoncé has worked with Pepsi since 2002, and in 2004 appeared in a Gladiator-themed commercial with Britney Spears, Pink, and Enrique Iglesias. In 2012, Beyoncé signed a $50 million deal to endorse Pepsi. The Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPINET) wrote Beyoncé an open letter asking her to reconsider the deal because of the unhealthiness of the product and to donate the proceeds to a medical organisation. Nevertheless, NetBase found that Beyoncé's campaign was the most talked about endorsement in April 2013, with a 70 percent positive audience response to the commercial and print ads.
Beyoncé has worked with Tommy Hilfiger for the fragrances True Star (singing a cover version of "Wishing on a Star") and True Star Gold; she also promoted Emporio Armani's Diamonds fragrance in 2007. Beyoncé launched her first official fragrance, Heat, in 2010. The commercial, which featured the 1956 song "Fever", was shown after the watershed in the United Kingdom as it begins with an image of Beyoncé appearing to lie naked in a room. In February 2011, Beyoncé launched her second fragrance, Heat Rush. Beyoncé's third fragrance, Pulse, was launched in September 2011. In 2013, The Mrs. Carter Show Limited Edition version of Heat was released. The six editions of Heat are the world's best-selling celebrity fragrance line, with sales of over $400 million.
The release of a video-game Starpower: Beyoncé was cancelled after Beyoncé pulled out of a $100 million with GateFive who alleged the cancellation meant the sacking of 70 staff and millions of pounds lost in development. It was settled out of court by her lawyers in June 2013 who said that they had cancelled because GateFive had lost its financial backers. Beyoncé also has had deals with American Express, Nintendo DS and L'Oréal since the age of 18.
In March 2015, Beyoncé became a co-owner, with other artists, of the music streaming service Tidal. The service specializes in lossless audio and high definition music videos. Beyoncé's husband Jay-Z acquired the parent company of Tidal, Aspiro, in the first quarter of 2015. Including Beyoncé and Jay-Z, sixteen artist stakeholders (such as Kanye West, Rihanna, Madonna, Chris Martin, Nicki Minaj and more) co-own Tidal, with the majority owning a 3% equity stake. The idea of having an all artist owned streaming service was created by those involved to adapt to the increased demand for streaming within the current music industry.
In November 2020, Beyoncé formed a multi-year partnership with exercise equipment and media company Peloton. The partnership was formed to celebrate homecoming season in historically black colleges and universities, providing themed workout experiences inspired by Beyoncé's 2019 Homecoming film and live album after 2020's homecoming celebrations were cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As part of the partnership, Beyoncé and Peloton are donating free memberships to all students at 10 HBCUs, and Peloton are pursuing long-term recruiting partnerships at the HCBUs. Gwen Bethel Riley, head of music at Peloton, said: "When we had conversations with Beyoncé around how critical a social impact component was to all of us, it crystallized how important it was to embrace Homecoming as an opportunity to celebrate and create dialogue around Black culture and music, in partnership with HBCUs." Upon news of the partnership, a decline in Peloton's shares reversed, and its shares rose by 8.6%.
In 2021, Beyoncé and Jay-Z partnered with Tiffany & Co. for the company's "About Love" campaign. Beyoncé became the fourth woman, and first Black woman, to wear the Tiffany Yellow Diamond. The campaign featured a robin egg blue painting by Jean-Michel Basquiat titled Equals Pi (1982).
Fashion lines
Beyoncé and her mother introduced House of Deréon, a contemporary women's fashion line, in 2005. The concept is inspired by three generations of women in their family, with the name paying tribute to Beyoncé's grandmother, Agnèz Deréon, a respected seamstress. According to Tina, the overall style of the line best reflects her and Beyoncé's taste and style. Beyoncé and her mother founded their family's company Beyond Productions, which provides the licensing and brand management for House of Deréon, and its junior collection, Deréon. House of Deréon pieces were exhibited in Destiny's Child's shows and tours, during their Destiny Fulfilled era. The collection features sportswear, denim offerings with fur, outerwear and accessories that include handbags and footwear, and are available at department and specialty stores across the U.S. and Canada.
In 2005, Beyoncé teamed up with House of Brands, a shoe company, to produce a range of footwear for House of Deréon. In January 2008, Starwave Mobile launched Beyoncé Fashion Diva, a "high-style" mobile game with a social networking component, featuring the House of Deréon collection. In July 2009, Beyoncé and her mother launched a new junior apparel label, Sasha Fierce for Deréon, for back-to-school selling. The collection included sportswear, outerwear, handbags, footwear, eyewear, lingerie and jewelry. It was available at department stores including Macy's and Dillard's, and specialty stores Jimmy Jazz and Against All Odds. On May 27, 2010, Beyoncé teamed up with clothing store C&A to launch Deréon by Beyoncé at their stores in Brazil. The collection included tailored blazers with padded shoulders, little black dresses, embroidered tops and shirts and bandage dresses.
In October 2014, Beyoncé signed a deal to launch an activewear line of clothing with British fashion retailer Topshop. The 50–50 venture is called Ivy Park and was launched in April 2016. The brand's name is a nod to Beyoncé's daughter and her favourite number four (IV in roman numerals), and also references the park where she used to run in Texas. She has since bought out Topshop owner Philip Green from his 50% share after he was alleged to have sexually harassed, bullied and racially abused employees. She now owns the brand herself. On April 4, 2019, it was announced that Beyoncé would become a creative partner with Adidas and further develop her athletic brand Ivy Park with the company. Knowles will also develop new clothes and footwear for Adidas. Shares for the company rose 1.3% upon the news release. On December 9, 2019, they announced a launch date of January 18, 2020. Beyoncé uploaded a teaser on her website and Instagram. The collection was also previewed on the upcoming Elle January 2020 issue, where Beyoncé is seen wearing several garments, accessories and footwear from the first collection.
Philanthropy
In 2002, Beyoncé, Kelly Rowland and Tina Knowles built the Knowles-Rowland Center for Youth, a community center in Downtown Houston. After Hurricane Katrina in 2005, Beyoncé and Rowland founded the Survivor Foundation to provide transitional housing to displaced families and provide means for new building construction, to which Beyoncé contributed an initial $250,000. The foundation has since expanded to work with other charities in the city, and also provided relief following Hurricane Ike three years later. Beyoncé also donated $100,000 to the Gulf Coast Ike Relief Fund. In 2007, Beyoncé founded the Knowles-Temenos Place Apartments, a housing complex offering living space for 43 displaced individuals. As of 2016, Beyoncé had donated $7 million for the maintenance of the complex.
After starring in Cadillac Records in 2009 and learning about Phoenix House, a non-profit drug and alcohol rehabilitation organization, Beyoncé donated her full $4 million salary from the film to the organization. Beyoncé and her mother subsequently established the Beyoncé Cosmetology Center, which offers a seven-month cosmetology training course helping Phoenix House's clients gain career skills during their recovery.
In January 2010, Beyoncé participated in George Clooney and Wyclef Jean's Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit for Earthquake Relief telethon, donated a large sum to the organization, and was named the official face of the limited edition CFDA "Fashion For Haiti" T-shirt, made by Theory which raised a total of $1 million. In April 2011, Beyoncé joined forces with U.S. First Lady Michelle Obama and the National Association of Broadcasters Education Foundation, to help boost the latter's campaign against child obesity by reworking her single "Get Me Bodied". Following the death of Osama bin Laden, Beyoncé released her cover of the Lee Greenwood song "God Bless the USA", as a charity single to help raise funds for the New York Police and Fire Widows' and Children's Benefit Fund.
Beyoncé became an ambassador for the 2012 World Humanitarian Day campaign donating her song "I Was Here" and its music video, shot in the UN, to the campaign. In 2013, it was announced that Beyoncé would work with Salma Hayek and Frida Giannini on a Gucci "Chime for Change" campaign that aims to spread female empowerment. The campaign, which aired on February 28, was set to her new music. A concert for the cause took place on June 1, 2013, in London. With help of the crowdfunding platform Catapult, visitors of the concert could choose between several projects promoting education of women and girls. Beyoncé also took part in "Miss a Meal", a food-donation campaign, and supported Goodwill Industries through online charity auctions at Charitybuzz that support job creation throughout Europe and the U.S.
Beyoncé and Jay-Z secretly donated tens of thousands of dollars to bail out Black Lives Matter protesters in Baltimore and Ferguson, as well as funded infrastructure for the establishment of Black Lives Matter chapters across the US. Before Beyoncé's Formation World Tour show in Tampa, her team held a private luncheon for more than 20 community leaders to discuss how Beyoncé could support local charitable initiatives, including pledging on the spot to fund 10 scholarships to provide students with financial aid. Tampa Sports Authority board member Thomas Scott said: "I don't know of a prior artist meeting with the community, seeing what their needs are, seeing how they can invest in the community. It says a lot to me about Beyoncé. She not only goes into a community and walks away with (money), but she also gives money back to that community." In June 2016, Beyoncé donated over $82,000 to the United Way of Genesee County to support victims of the Flint water crisis. Beyoncé additionally donated money to support 14 students in Michigan with their college expenses. In August 2016, Beyoncé and Jay-Z donated $1.5 million to civil rights groups including Black Lives Matter, Hands Up United and Dream Defenders. After Hurricane Matthew, Beyoncé and Jay-Z donated $15 million to the Usain Bolt Foundation to support its efforts in rebuilding homes in Haiti. In December 2016, Beyoncé was named the Most Charitable Celebrity of the year.
During Hurricane Harvey in August 2017, Beyoncé launched BeyGOOD Houston to support those affected by the hurricane in Houston. The organization donated necessities such as cots, blankets, pillows, baby products, feminine products and wheelchairs, and funded long-term revitalization projects. On September 8, Beyoncé visited Houston, where she sponsored a lunch for 400 survivors at her local church, visited the George R Brown Convention Center to discuss with people displaced by the flooding about their needs, served meals to those who lost their homes, and made a significant donation to local causes. Beyoncé additionally donated $75,000 worth of new mattresses to survivors of the hurricane. Later that month, Beyoncé released a remix of J Balvin and Willy William's "Mi Gente", with all of her proceeds being donated to disaster relief charities in Puerto Rico, Mexico, the U.S. and the Caribbean after hurricanes Harvey, Irma and Maria, and the Chiapas and Puebla earthquakes.
In April 2020, Beyoncé donated $6 million to the National Alliance in Mental Health, UCLA and local community-based organizations in order to provide mental health and personal wellness services to essential workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. BeyGOOD also teamed up with local organizations to help provide resources to communities of color, including food, water, cleaning supplies, medicines and face masks. The same month Beyoncé released a remix of Megan Thee Stallion's "Savage", with all proceeds benefiting Bread of Life Houston's COVID-19 relief efforts, which includes providing over 14 tons of food and supplies to 500 families and 100 senior citizens in Houston weekly. In May 2020, Beyoncé provided 1,000 free COVID-19 tests in Houston as part of her and her mother's #IDidMyPart initiative, which was established due to the disproportionate deaths in African-American communities. Additionally, 1,000 gloves, masks, hot meals, essential vitamins, grocery vouchers and household items were provided. In July 2020, Beyoncé established the Black-Owned Small Business Impact Fund in partnership with the NAACP, which offers $10,000 grants to black-owned small businesses in need following the George Floyd protests. All proceeds from Beyoncé's single "Black Parade" were donated to the fund. In September 2020, Beyoncé announced that she had donated an additional $1 million to the fund. As of December 31, 2020, the fund had given 715 grants to black-owned small businesses, amounting to $7.15 million donated. In October 2020, Beyoncé released a statement that she has been working with the Feminist Coalition to assist supporters of the End Sars movement in Nigeria, including covering medical costs for injured protestors, covering legal fees for arrested protestors, and providing food, emergency shelter, transportation and telecommunication means to those in need. Beyoncé also showed support for those fighting against other issues in Africa, such as the Anglophone Crisis in Cameroon, ShutItAllDown in Namibia, Zimbabwean Lives Matter in Zimbabwe and the Rape National Emergency in Liberia. In December 2020, Beyoncé donated $500,000 to help alleviate the housing crisis in the U.S. caused by the cessation of the eviction moratorium, giving 100 $5,000 grants to individuals and families facing foreclosures and evictions.
Discography
Dangerously in Love (2003)
B'Day (2006)
I Am... Sasha Fierce (2008)
4 (2011)
Beyoncé (2013)
Lemonade (2016)
Filmography
Films starred
Carmen: A Hip Hopera (2001)
Austin Powers in Goldmember (2002)
The Fighting Temptations (2003)
Fade to Black (2004)
The Pink Panther (2006)
Dreamgirls (2006)
Cadillac Records (2008)
Obsessed (2009)
Epic (2013)
The Lion King (2019)
Films directed
Life Is But a Dream (2013)
Beyoncé: Lemonade (2016)
Homecoming (2019)
Black Is King (2020)
Tours and residencies
Headlining tours
Dangerously in Love Tour (2003)
The Beyoncé Experience (2007)
I Am... World Tour (2009–2010)
The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour (2013–2014)
The Formation World Tour (2016)
Co-headlining tours
Verizon Ladies First Tour (with Alicia Keys and Missy Elliott) (2004)
On the Run Tour (with Jay-Z) (2014)
On the Run II Tour (with Jay-Z) (2018)
Residencies
I Am... Yours (2009)
4 Intimate Nights with Beyoncé (2011)
Revel Presents: Beyoncé Live (2012)
See also
Album era
Honorific nicknames in popular music
List of artists who reached number one in the United States
List of artists with the most number ones on the U.S. dance chart
List of Billboard Social 50 number-one artists
List of black Golden Globe Award winners and nominees
List of highest-grossing concert tours
Best-selling female artists of all time
List of most-followed Instagram accounts
Notes
References
External links
1981 births
Living people
20th-century American businesspeople
20th-century American businesswomen
20th-century American singers
20th-century American women singers
21st-century American actresses
21st-century American businesspeople
21st-century American businesswomen
21st-century American singers
21st-century American women singers
Actresses from Houston
African-American actresses
African-American artists
African-American businesspeople
African-American choreographers
African-American dancers
African-American fashion designers
American fashion designers
African-American female dancers
African-American women rappers
African-American women singers
African-American feminists
African-American Methodists
African-American record producers
African-American women in business
African-American women writers
American women business executives
American choreographers
American contemporary R&B singers
American cosmetics businesspeople
American fashion businesspeople
American women pop singers
American film actresses
American hip hop record producers
American female hip hop singers
American hip hop singers
American mezzo-sopranos
American music publishers (people)
American music video directors
American people of Creole descent
American retail chief executives
American soul singers
American television actresses
American United Methodists
American voice actresses
American women philanthropists
American women record producers
Black Lives Matter people
Brit Award winners
Businesspeople from Houston
Columbia Records artists
Dance-pop musicians
Destiny's Child members
Female music video directors
Feminist musicians
Gold Star Records artists
Grammy Award winners
Grammy Award winners for rap music
High School for the Performing and Visual Arts alumni
Ivor Novello Award winners
Jay-Z
Solange Knowles
Louisiana Creole people
MTV Europe Music Award winners
Music video codirectors
Musicians from Houston
NME Awards winners
Parkwood Entertainment artists
Record producers from Texas
Shoe designers
Singers from Texas
Singers with a four-octave vocal range
Texas Democrats
Women hip hop record producers
World Music Awards winners
Writers from Houston
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham%20City%20University
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Birmingham City University
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Birmingham City University (abbrev. BCU) is a university in Birmingham, England. Initially established as the Birmingham College of Art with roots dating back to 1843, it was designated as a polytechnic in 1971 and gained university status in 1992.
The university has three main campuses serving four faculties, and offers courses in art and design, business, the built environment, computing, education, engineering, English, healthcare, law, the performing arts, social sciences, and technology. A £125 million extension to its campus in the city centre of Birmingham, part of the Eastside development of a new technology and learning quarter, is opening in two stages, with the first phase having opened in 2013.
It is the second largest of five universities in the city, the other four being the University of Birmingham (which is the largest), Aston University, University College Birmingham and Newman University. Roughly half of the university's full-time students are from the West Midlands, and a large percentage of these are from ethnic minorities. The university runs access and foundation programmes through an international network of associated universities and further education colleges, and has the highest intake of foreign students in the Birmingham area.
History
Birmingham Institute of Art and Design
The Birmingham Institute of Art and Design (BIAD) was the art and design faculty of Birmingham City University. It has now been merged into the university's Faculty of Arts, Design and Media, and is based at the Birmingham City University City Centre Campus and the Birmingham School of Art on Margaret Street. The main BIAD campus and library is located at The Parkside Building, just north of Birmingham city centre, and about three-quarters of a mile from both Birmingham New Street station and the Custard Factory quarter. It is adjacent to Aston University.
Institute history
BIAD reached its full maturity in the 1890s, as the Birmingham Municipal School of Art at Margaret Street, under the leadership of Edward R. Taylor. BIAD's archives hold extensive records on the history of art & design in Birmingham, and 20 similar collections have also been deposited with the archives.
School of Art
The Birmingham School of Art was originally a municipal art school but was absorbed by Birmingham Polytechnic in 1971 and then became a part of the BIAD in 1988. Its Grade I listed building located on Margaret Street remains the home of the university's Department of Fine Art and is still commonly referred to by its original title. It currently houses the Centre for Fine Art Research (CFAR).
Birmingham School of Architecture
The Birmingham School of Architecture facility was opened in 1908.
Birmingham Polytechnic
In the 1960s, changes were made to the higher education system creating an expansion of polytechnics as a more vocationally orientated alternative to the typical university.
The City of Birmingham Education Committee was invited to submit a scheme for the establishment of a polytechnic bringing together a number of different colleges in the city in 1967. Late in 1969, the post of director of the polytechnic was advertised. Although the city lagged behind other parts of the country, Birmingham finally gained a polytechnic in 1971—then the 27th in the UK—designated by the Education Secretary Margaret Thatcher as the City of Birmingham Polytechnic. This was the second polytechnic in Birmingham, the first – Birmingham Polytechnic Institution – having existed in the mid-19th century for ten years.
It was formed initially out of five colleges. Some of the colleges' staff fought against the merger but later changed their minds. The colleges were:
Birmingham College of Art and Design (originally the Birmingham Government School of Design, founded in October 1843);
Birmingham School of Music (developed as a department of the Birmingham and Midland Institute around 1859);
Birmingham College of Commerce (established in the early 20th century as a branch school of the Birmingham Central Technical College, which went on to become Aston University);
South Birmingham Technical College (opened in 1961);
North Birmingham Technical College (formerly Aston Technical College, opened in 1966).
The latter's new Perry Barr campus (which began construction in 1971) became the centre of the new Polytechnic, although the institution continued to have a number of different campuses spread across the city. This has sometimes been seen as a weakness of the polytechnic, with the dispersal of sites considered confusing to visitors.
In the early 1970s, the Perry Barr campus was the site of building work for what later became the centrepiece of the polytechnic: the Attwood and Baker buildings. Later in the 1970s, the campus was increased in size with the building of what later became the Cox, Dawson, Edge, Feeney and Galton buildings. In the early 1980s, the William Kenrick Library was added to the site. Other, smaller buildings were subsequently constructed, and the estate became known as the City North Campus of Birmingham City University.
From its opening, the polytechnic was considered very strong in the field of art and design. As early as 1972, fashion and textile courses were heavily oversubscribed; there were 100 applications for every 30 places. Also in that year, the polytechnic held the Design in a Polytechnic exhibition, which was opened at a reception hosted by Sir Duncan Oppenheim, the chairman of the Council of Industrial Design. Arts courses remained strong at the polytechnic through the 1970s, with twice as many arts students compared to those doing engineering or technology courses.
In 1975, three more colleges were added to the polytechnic:
Anstey College of Physical Education (founded as a private college for women in 1897);
Bordesley College of Education (founded as a Local Education Authority (LEA) Day Training College for women teachers in 1963);
City of Birmingham College of Education (founded as an LEA Emergency Teacher training college in 1948).
In the mid-1970s, the polytechnic's then-chairman, William Kenrick, sparked criticism from politicians for saying his students were "second-class" students. In 1978, a lecturer in law, Francis Reynolds, was convicted and fined £150 for preparing instruments of property conveyance without being a solicitor. He did this to challenge the monopoly solicitors held over conveyancing, which he felt led to higher costs.
By 1979, the polytechnic was one of the biggest in the country, though that did not prevent it from being "starved" of resources and money. There was a concern that without sufficient investment, the quality of its degree courses in areas such as engineering could not be maintained to the desired standard.
In 1988, the Birmingham Institute of Art and Design (BIAD) was established from the merging of the polytechnic's Faculty of Art and Design with Bournville College of Art. The extensive archives from these earlier incarnations, including over 10,000 artworks, were housed at the polytechnic's Margaret Street campus.
Following the UK Government's Education Reform Act in 1989, the polytechnic ceased to be under Birmingham Local Education Authority control and became an independent corporation with charitable status. It was funded by the Polytechnics and Colleges Funding Council and no longer by the local education authority. The polytechnic continued to have close links to Birmingham City Council, and to this day the Lord Mayor of Birmingham also serves as the University's Chancellor.
The change in status enabled a tighter union between the polytechnic and industry, and by 1989 it had 30 lecturer's posts sponsored by firms.
University status
The Further and Higher Education Act 1992 allowed all polytechnics to adopt the title of "university". The name University of Central England in Birmingham was approved by the Privy Council on 16 June 1992. The name change took place in time for the new academic year starting later that year. Students who graduated in mid-1992 were given certificates bearing the name University of Central England, even if the entirety of their study had taken place at the polytechnic. The original design was created by Amba Frog Design after a meeting with delegates from university student councils.
In 1995, two more colleges were absorbed—Birmingham and Solihull College of Nursing and Midwifery, and the West Midlands School of Radiography—and the Birmingham School of Jewellery opened on Vittoria Street in Birmingham's Jewellery Quarter. The Faculty of Engineering and Computer Technology provided the basis for the creation of the Technology Innovation Centre (TIC) in 2000. The following year, the Faculty of Health incorporated the Defence School of Health Care Studies.
In November 2003, the university pursued a merger between UCE and Aston University-another university in Birmingham, that, according to The Guardian, "would create an institution of 32,000 students with a £200m turnover". The plans were announced by the then Vice-Chancellor Peter Knight, and approved by lecturers. The new institution would use the established Aston University name, and all UCE staff members' jobs and employment conditions would be kept intact, although Vice-Chancellor Knight would not be part of its management team. He estimated a completion date for the merger of August 2006.
Michael Sterling, vice-chancellor of University of Birmingham, welcomed the initiative and said it was time for some creative thinking about higher education in the city. "Clearly, with three very distinct universities in one city, it's sensible to take a hard look at the big picture and how we can best work together, whether separately, in combination, or even as one institution," he said. His intervention provoked a furious reaction from Peter Knight, vice-chancellor of UCE, who made it clear his approach was only to Aston University.
The Aston University Council discussed the proposal during a meeting on 3 December 2003 and concluded that it should be rejected. Aston University said that "Whilst the Council respects UCE's distinctive mission, it does not share UCE's analysis of the potential opportunities that might arise from any merger", and cited influencing factors such as Aston's approach to research and teaching, the "significant differences between the missions and strategies" of Aston and UCE, and the negative impact that prolonged discussions would have on both institutions. Aston suggested that it, UCE and the University of Birmingham should instead begin discussions about the three universities' contribution to the future of local and regional higher education.
In August 2005, the University of Central England rebranded itself as UCE Birmingham for marketing and promotional purposes, though the original name remained for official use. This decision was reversed in March 2007, following the arrival of a new Vice-Chancellor, and the fuller title University of Central England in Birmingham was resurrected for all purposes.
Renaming
In June 2007, it was announced that the University would be renamed from 'UCE Birmingham', with three possible names being proposed: Birmingham City University, Birmingham Chamberlain University, and Birmingham Metropolitan University. Staff and students (both current and alumni) were asked to complete a survey on what they wished the name to be changed to. On 1 October 2007, Vice-Chancellor David Tidmarsh unveiled the name change from UCE Birmingham to Birmingham City University. 48.2% of those who voted on the survey voted for this name, although 62.1% of staff had voted for Birmingham Metropolitan University. The University of Birmingham Council had previously advised UCE that their preferred choice was Birmingham Metropolitan University, and that it considered Birmingham Chamberlain University "unacceptable" because of Joseph Chamberlain's historic involvement and association with the University of Birmingham.
The proposed name change was met with mixed reaction from students and student union officials. A common argument was that money should be spend on facilities and building repair work, and some students felt ignored by the establishment. The rationale for the name change was a perceived confusion of the location of the university and to give a "shorter, more powerful name". The rebranding of the university, which included changing signage and stationery, cost £285,084.
The university's current logo, designed by Birmingham-based BHMG Marketing, is based on the tiger in the crest originally used when it was awarded university status. The crest itself originated from the Birmingham College of Commerce, one of the institutions that formed the polytechnic in 1971. In 2009, the logo was revised to include the word "CITY" in upper-case on the first line instead of in lower-case on the second.
Campuses
Throughout its history the university has been spread across a number of different sites in Birmingham.
Demolition of the Perry Barr campus began in 2018 and was completed by summer 2019.
As of 2018, the university is at the following campuses:
City Centre Campus, located is the home of Birmingham School of Acting and the Faculty of Computing, Engineering and the Built Environment inside Millennium Point. The Parkside Building, adjacent to Millennium Point and connected to it via a bridge, opened its doors in 2013, housing Birmingham School of Media and design courses from the Faculty of Arts, Design and Media. The Curzon Building houses the Faculty of Business, Law and Social Sciences and the School of English, as well as the library, Students' Union and other support services. Royal Birmingham Conservatoire, moved to the City Centre Campus in 2017.
Vittoria Street in the Birmingham Jewellery Quarter, home to Birmingham School of Jewellery.
Margaret Street, home of the School of Fine Art, formerly home of the Birmingham School of Art.
City South Campus, on Westbourne Road in Edgbaston, home to both the university's health, education and life sciences courses and a moderate amount of student accommodation.
Bournville Campus, home to Birmingham City University International College.
The university has completed a "flagship" extension to its campus in Birmingham City Centre, next to the existing facilities at Millennium Point. The City Centre Campus is a £150 million scheme, as part of Birmingham's Eastside development, with design and media students moving into Phase 1 of the development in 2013, from the former Gosta Green Campus and City North Campus, respectively. Business, English, law and social sciences followed when Phase 2 of the new building was completed in 2015.
As of September 2017, Birmingham City University invested approximately £220 million into campus infrastructure while moving its campus into the city centre. The university focused on building cutting-edge facilities for students and updating internal systems used for human resources and finance. The university purchased Oracle ERP Butt and HCM Butt to update its IT strategy and standardise employee-facing functions, which became crucial in the institution's efforts to modernise its IT infrastructure.
Facilities
University House (formerly known as the New Technology Institute or NTI) is located close to the City Centre Campus and is home to a number of the University's professional service departments. The International Project Space (IPS) is an art gallery located at the Bournville Centre for Visual Arts.
Moor Lane is a venue for sports, business training and conferences near to City North Campus. Previously, a dedicated sports centre was located behind The Coppice, a student accommodation block next to the former City North Campus, and included tennis courts, bowls, football and rugby pitches, running track and a social club. The university announced a £7 million sports complex would be built on the site, formerly the Ansells Sports Club, with construction to start in mid-2008 for completion in 2009. The Doug Ellis Sports Centre, named after Doug Ellis, opened on 4 January 2010 and includes a fitness suite, workout classes, and a sports hall.
Lawyers at Wragge & Co have advised Birmingham City University on the outsourcing of work for the sports centre to international service company Serco. Under a new 10-year agreement, the FTSE 100 company will run both the sports centre and the existing Pavilion sports facility in Perry Barr.
Accommodation
The Coppice and Oscott Gardens are residential halls of residence located adjacent to former City North Campus. The university also offers accommodation in a number of privately owned halls of residence, these include Jennens Court, My Student Village: Birmingham (formerly clv Birmingham) and Curzon Gateway in the city centre. There are also halls of residence at the City South Campus, primarily used by nursing students.
Organisation and governance
Chancellors
After the former Birmingham Polytechnic was granted University status it installed the city's Lord Mayor as its Chancellor each year. It was one of only two national institutions to adopt this link with its local region. On 21 July 2016 the University announced that Lenny Henry would become its new Chancellor, for a term of five years.
Faculties and schools
Birmingham City University is a large university and has departments covering a wide range of subjects. The university's system was re-organised into four faculties in September 2014, composed of numerous schools and departments.
Faculty of Arts, Design and Media
The faculty was created in 2014 by the merger of the Faculty of Performance, Media and English with the Birmingham Institute of Art and Design. This faculty includes the art and design related courses taught by the School of Art, School of Architecture and Design, School of Fashion and Textiles, School of Jewellery and School of Visual Communication.
It is also home to the Royal Birmingham Conservatoire, an international conservatoire and junior school and a major concert venue for many of Birmingham's principal concert promoters and organisations, hosting over 300 events annually. Their Junior Department provides tuition to over 200 young musicians aged 3 to 18 in classical music, chamber music, North Indian music and jazz. Birmingham School of Acting founded in 1936, merged with the university in 2005, and in September 2017 it merged to become part of the Conservatoire. The school is based in purpose built facilities within the City Centre campus at Millennium Point which include 11 studios. Alongside its undergraduate programmes in Acting, Stage Management and Applied Theatre, the school offers specialist postgraduate programmes in Professional Voice Practice and an MFA in Acting: The British Tradition.
The School of English has undergraduate English programmes specialising across Literature, Language Studies, Drama and Creative Writing; and joint honours programmes in English and Media.
The Birmingham School of Media, was one of the first media schools in the country to teach media as part of the Skillset Academy Network. Its courses have received approval from the Broadcast Journalism Training Council and the Chartered Institute of Public Relations.
The New Technology Institute, a training centre and media studio is also part of this faculty.
Faculty of Business, Law and Social Sciences
This faculty includes Birmingham City Business School, a major centre for business and management education. It incorporates three academic departments and two specialist centres: the Department of Accountancy and Finance, the Department of Business and Marketing, the Department of Management and Human Resources, the Centre for Leadership and Management Practice, and the Centre for Internal Audit, Governance and Risk Management. It also includes the university's School of Law and School of Social Sciences.
Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences
The Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences began in 1995 by a merger of Birmingham and Solihull College of Nursing and Midwifery, West Midlands School of Radiography and the University of Central England. In 2002, the Royal Centre for Defence Medicine (RCDM) joined the university to offer Ministry of Defence students and nurses better key skills in nurse training.
It also provides courses for intending teachers, serving teachers or those simply interested in education issues covering the entire range of school phases from infant to continuing education, at every study level from full-time undergraduate to postgraduate level and PhD.
It is formed of four schools:
School of Nursing and Midwifery
School of Health Sciences
School of Defence Healthcare Education
School of Education and Social Work
Faculty of Computing, Engineering and the Built Environment
The Faculty of Computing, Engineering and the Built Environment, based in Millennium Point, is a national centre of excellence for learning, innovation and technology transfer. The faculty was temporarily known as the Faculty of Technology, Innovation and Development (TID) from 2008 until 2009, when the university relaunched the faculty through the merger of three of the more successful departments—the Technology Innovation Centre (TIC), School of Computing, and the School of Property Construction. It now has two schools each split into two divisions:
School of Computing and Digital Technology:
Computing
Digital Technology
School of Engineering and the Built Environment:
Built Environment
Engineering
Libraries and collections
The university has seven libraries across Birmingham on all campuses that contain around 950,000 books and 9,000 print and electronic journals. Kenrick Library, named after William Kenrick in recognition of his role as the first Chairman of Governors when the Polytechnic was formed in 1971, was located at the City North Campus and was the largest of the university's libraries, covering three floors and featuring more than 320,000 books, 2,000 print journals and more than 4,000 electronic journals. A £3 million refurbishment introduced a suite of individual and group study areas. The library closed in May 2018 when the remaining schools based at Perry Barr moved to the City South Campus. Other libraries include:
Curzon Library (located at the City Centre Campus and houses the Conservatoire library collection);
Mary Seacole Library (located at the City South Campus);
Margaret Street Library (School of Art);
Vittoria Street Library (School of Jewellery)
Controversy over Mapplethorpe
In 1998, the university was involved in controversy when a book by photographer Robert Mapplethorpe, Mapplethorpe (1992), was confiscated. A final year undergraduate student was writing a paper on Mapplethorpe's work and intended to illustrate the paper with a few photographs. She took the photographs to the local photo-studio to be developed and the photo-studio informed West Midlands Police because of the unusual nature of the images. The police confiscated the library book from the student and informed the university that the book would have to be destroyed. If the university agreed to the destruction, no further action would be taken.
The university Vice-Chancellor, Peter Knight, took the view—supported by the Senate—that the book was a legitimate book for the university library to hold and that the action of the police was a serious infringement of academic freedom. The Vice-Chancellor was interviewed by the police, under caution, with a view to prosecution under the terms of the Obscene Publications Act, which defines obscenity as material that is likely to deprave and corrupt. The police focused on one particular image, 'Jim and Tom, Sausalito 1977', which depicts one man urinating into the mouth of another.
After the interview with the Vice-Chancellor, a file was sent to the Crown Prosecution Service as the Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP) has to take the decision as to whether or not to proceed with a trial. After a delay of about six months, the affair came to an end when the DPP informed Knight that no action would be taken as "there was insufficient evidence to support a successful prosecution on this occasion". The original book was returned, in a slightly tattered state, and restored to the university library.
Partner institutions
The university runs access and foundation programmes through an international network of associated universities and further education colleges.
Academic profile
Research
The university has five Centres of Research Excellence, which are the main focus of its research activity. Following the 2008 Research Assessment Exercise conducted by the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the Birmingham Post reported that more than 70 per cent of research work submitted by Birmingham City University—including in business and management studies, education, English, social work and social policy, and town and country planning—was "officially recognised as of an international standard", and 15 per cent of that work was "rated as world leading". Its art and design submission was among the ten highest ranked in the country, and Birmingham Conservatoire was rated one of the top three conservatoires, and the best outside London. The university was ranked sixty-third based on average assessment scores.
Rankings and reputation
The university has a number of courses accredited by Creative Skillset, the government's skills sector council for audio, visual and creative industries. With regard to post-production, the university also has Avid Mentor status, and is the Midlands' accredited training centre for Apple's Final Cut editing software.
For health and social care, Birmingham City University was awarded national recognition as a Centre for Excellence in Teaching and Learning. The university has an on-site virtual operating suite for health students, the first at a university in England. In the Smithers-Robinson League Table, for initial teacher training, Birmingham City University and three other institutions are consistently ranked top ten. Ofsted inspection scores for teacher education courses are frequently among the best.
Student life
Roughly half of the university's full-time students are from the West Midlands, and a large percentage of these are from ethnic minorities. The university runs access and foundation programmes through an international network of associated universities and further education colleges, and it has the highest intake of international students in the Birmingham area. For 2009 entry, applications rose by 37 per cent from 2008, one of the biggest increases at any university. There are almost six applications per place and course entry requirements range from 200 to 300 UCAS points for all honours programmes; other courses' requirements vary.
Students Union
Birmingham City University Students' Union (abbreviated to BCUSU) has its main offices at the city centre campus. There are several reception offices located at other campuses. BCUSU is affiliated with the National Union of Students, and all students are automatically members of the union.
Student media at the Union comprises a student magazine; Polygon, which originally went into publication in the 1980s and, after a short period under other names, was brought back to life in 2019. The student television society; Scratch TV and the student radio station; Scratch Radio, which is housed in the Parkside Building at the City Centre Campus.
The student union of Birmingham Polytechnic was condemned in November 1974 when its council passed a resolution supporting IRA terrorism. The polytechnic's student radio station, Radio G, was the runner-up in the 1989 Guardian/NUS Student Media Awards.
Now Birmingham City Students' Union, it holds elections every year to elect the five full-time Sabbatical Officers who run the Union and act as its Company Directors.
Notable staff and alumni
Current and former staff of the University and its former entities include novelists Jim Crace and Stephen Booth, nurse-author Bethann Siviter, journalist Paul Bradshaw, David Hallam Member of the European Parliament, Nigerian researcher and pollster Bell Ihua, scientist Kevin Warwick, environmentalist Chris Baines, politicians Khalid Mahmood (MP for Perry Barr) and Lynne Jones (former MP for Selly Oak), and former Chief Inspector of Probation for England and Wales Paul McDowell.
Notable graduates of the University and its predecessor institutions working in broadcasting include children's television presenter Kirsten O'Brien, sports TV presenter Mary Rhodes, radio and TV presenters Fiona Phillips, Zoë Ball, Margherita Taylor and Phil Upton, investigative journalist Mark Williams-Thomas. Laurie Baker (1917–2007), British-born architect, Patrick le Quément, Chief of Design, Renault, Saiman Miah, designer of the £5 Olympic coins for London 2012 Games and Yemisi Akinbobola, founder IQ4News and African Women in the Media. Several work in broadcast journalism, such as Sky News news presenter Marverine Cole and BBC news presenter Charlie Stayt.
Art and design alumni include cartoonist Alex Hughes, artist Barbara Walker, fashion designer Betty Jackson, photographer Ravi Deepres, artist Rob Pepper, and industrial product designer Hans Ramzan. Graduates in the performing arts include musicians Roy Priest (formerly of Sweet Jesus) and Nick Duffy, singer-songwriter Stephen Duffy, actors Jimi Mistry, Catherine Tyldesley and Tom Lister, comedian Frank Skinner, singer and The X Factor contestant Rhydian Roberts, and bass guitarist John Taylor, founder of Duran Duran and HSBC's CEO Noel Quinn, leading one of UK's largest banks.
References
External links
Photos from Birmingham City University
Birmingham City University Students' Union
Birmingham City University : Future Media
BCU Open Access Research Repository
Educational institutions established in 1971
1971 establishments in England
Buildings and structures in Birmingham, West Midlands
Culture in Birmingham, West Midlands
History of Birmingham, West Midlands
Education in Birmingham, West Midlands
Universities UK
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic%20Supreme%20Council%20of%20America
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Islamic Supreme Council of America
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The Islamic Supreme Council of America (ISCA) is a Muslim religious organization in the United States, founded in 1998 by Shaykh Hisham Kabbani, who is also its current chairman. The council describes itself as "dedicated to educating Muslims and non-Muslims alike, and developing good citizenry through the teaching of moral excellence".
ISCA is based in Fenton, Michigan.
Aims
The ISCA sees its mission in part to "work closely and proactively with non-Muslim individuals and organizations to present Islam as a religion of moderation, tolerance, peace and justice". It stresses "the common heritage of Islam, Christianity and Judaism in an effort to foster mutual respect between all cultures and religions". It also seeks to "integrate traditional scholarship in resolving contemporary issues affecting the maintenance of Islamic beliefs in a modern, secular society". The Council states that it promotes traditional Islamic legal rulings, and that it explicitly rejects puritanical forms of Islam, such as the Wahhabi Islam practiced by Saudi Arabia, the Taliban, and many terrorist organizations who espouse Islamist ideologies.
Shaykh Hisham Kabbani, founding member and current chairman of ISCA, is critical of the Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR) and the American Muslim Council, saying, "There are many Muslim organizations that claim to speak on behalf of the Muslim community but that in reality are not moderate, but extremist."
As of 23 September 2009, the ISCA website features photos of its officials meeting with George W. Bush, the US Joint Chiefs of Staff, and UK Crown Prince Charles. The ISCA has been praised by Daniel Pipes, who describes it as "relatively small".
References
External links
Islamic organizations based in the United States
1998 establishments in the United States
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441835
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal%20Liberation%20%28book%29
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Animal Liberation (book)
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Animal Liberation: A New Ethics for Our Treatment of Animals is a 1975 book by Australian philosopher Peter Singer. It is widely considered within the animal liberation movement to be the founding philosophical statement of its ideas. Singer himself rejected the use of the theoretical framework of rights when it comes to human and nonhuman animals. Following Jeremy Bentham, Singer argued that the interests of animals should be considered because of their ability to experience suffering and that the idea of rights was not necessary in order to consider them. He popularized the term "speciesism" in the book, which had been coined by Richard D. Ryder to describe the exploitative treatment of animals.
Summary
Singer's central argument is an expansion of the utilitarian idea that "the greatest good" is the only measure of good or ethical behavior. He argues that there is no reason not to apply this principle to other animals.
Although Singer rejects 'rights' as a moral concept, his position is derived from utilitarian principles of minimizing suffering. Singer allows that animal rights are not the same as human rights, writing in Animal Liberation that "there are obviously important differences between humans and other animals, and these differences must give rise to some differences in the rights that each have."
In Animal Liberation, Singer argues against what he calls speciesism: discrimination on the grounds that a being belongs to a certain species. He holds the interests of all beings capable of suffering to be worthy of equal consideration and that giving lesser consideration to beings based on their species is no more justified than discrimination based on skin color. He argues that animals rights should be based on their capacity to feel pain more than on their intelligence. In particular, he argues that while animals show lower intelligence than the average human, many severely intellectually challenged humans show equally diminished, if not lower, mental capacity and that some animals have displayed signs of intelligence (for example, primates learning elements of American sign language and other symbolic languages) sometimes on a par with that of human children. Therefore, intelligence does not provide a basis for giving nonhuman animals any less consideration than such intellectually challenged humans. Singer concludes that the most practical solution is to adopt a vegetarian or vegan diet. He also condemns vivisection except where the benefit (in terms of improved medical treatment, etc.) outweighs the harm done to the animals used.
Reception
Activist Ingrid Newkirk wrote of Animal Liberation, "It forever changed the conversation about our treatment of animals. It made people—myself included—change what we ate, what we wore, and how we perceived animals." Other activists who claim that their attitudes to animals changed after reading the book include Peter Tatchell and Matt Ball.
Singer has expressed regret that the book did not have more impact. In September 1999, he was quoted by Michael Specter in The New Yorker on the book's impact:
It's had effects around the margins, of course, but they have mostly been minor. When I wrote it, I really thought the book would change the world. I know it sounds a little grand now, but at the time the sixties still existed for us. It looked as if real changes were possible, and I let myself believe that this would be one of them. All you have to do is walk around the corner to McDonald's to see how successful I have been.
The book has also received a wide range of philosophical challenges to his formulation of animal rights. In a lengthy debate in Slate Magazine, published in 2001, Richard Posner wrote, among other things, that Singer failed to see the "radicalism of the ethical vision that powers [his] view on animals, an ethical vision that finds greater value in a healthy pig than in a profoundly intellectually challenged child, that commands inflicting a lesser pain on a human being to avert a greater pain to a dog, and that, provided only that a chimpanzee has 1 percent of the mental ability of a normal human being, would require the sacrifice of the human being to save 101 chimpanzees." Singer replied to and rejected this claim.
In addition, Martha Nussbaum has argued that the capability approach provides a more adequate foundation of justice than Utilitarianism can supply. Utilitarianism, Nussbaum argues, ignores adaptive preferences, elides the separateness of distinct persons, misidentifies valuable human/non-human emotions such as grief, and calculates according to "sum-rankings" rather than inviolable protection of intrinsic entitlements.
Roger Scruton, a moral philosopher who criticised Singer's work for what Scruton said was false equivalence between animal and human consciousness and the pejorative use of utilitarianism, singled Animal Liberation for criticism. He wrote that Singer's works, including Animal Liberation (1975), "contain little or no philosophical argument. They derive their radical moral conclusions from a vacuous utilitarianism that counts the pain and pleasure of all living things as equally significant and that ignores just about everything that has been said in our philosophical tradition about the real distinction between persons and animals."
Editions
There have been several editions of the book published over the years, each further chronicling the progress of the animal liberation movement.
Personal background
In an essay entitled "Animal Liberation: A Personal View", Singer describes the personal background that led to his adoption of the views he sets out in Animal Liberation. He writes of how he arrived in Oxford in October 1969, and in 1970 had lunch with a fellow graduate student, Richard Keshen, who avoided meat. This led Singer to inquire as to why. Singer then read Ruth Harrison's book, Animal Machines, as well as a paper by Roslind Godlovitch (who would later co-edit Animals, Men and Morals), which convinced him to become a vegetarian and to take animal suffering seriously as a philosophical issue.
See also
Tom Regan
List of vegan media
Notes
. This grossly oversimplifies Mill's position as regards 'act' and 'rule' utilitarianism, which is usefully summarised here Can a utilitarian respect rights? by Chris Lyons
References
1975 non-fiction books
Books about animal rights
Books about animal testing
Books by Peter Singer
English-language books
Ethics books
HarperCollins books
Vegetarian-related mass media
Works about utilitarianism
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otzberg%20Castle
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Otzberg Castle
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Otzberg Castle () in the German state of Hesse is a medieval castle on the summit of the Otzberg in the Odenwald forest at a height of 367 m above NN. On its northern slopes is the village of Hering, which grew out of the lower ward or castellan's settlement. The history of castle and village is therefore closely interwoven.
History
The region around the Otzberg probably belonged to the territory that King Pippin gifted in 766 A.D. to Fulda Abbey, together with Groß-Umstadt.
Otzberg Castle was probably built in the late 12th/early 13th century.
At this time, Abbot Marquard I of Fulda secured the abbey estates and built castles that were visible from a long way as a sign of his influence.
...Here is a site for a castle…
He transferred the castle to Conrad of Hohenstaufen, brother of the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, as vogt. Conrad was Count Palatine of the Rhine.
The castrum Othesberg was first mentioned in the records in 1231. In this document the Archbishop of Mainz, Siegfried III, also the overseer of Fulda Abbey, guaranteed to Count Palatine Otto II the arrangement agreed in the previous year, the details of which are unknown.
In 1244 the castellanos de odesbrech are mentioned for the first time: the castellans or Burgmannen of Otzberg Castle. The fortifications must have been sufficiently developed that five castellans and their servants were able to occupy it. The castellans built houses in the village of Hering, so-called "castellan's houses" or Burgmannenhäuser. Of these only parts of the house owned by Gans of Otzberg have survived.
In the early 14th century, the resources of Fulda Abbey ran out so, in 1332, Prince-Abbot Henry VI of Hohenberg enfeoffed Otzberg Castle and the Fulda part of Umstadt for 4,600 pounds of Heller to Werner of Anevelt and Engelhard of Franckenstein, who carried out building work at Otzberg to the tune of 200 pounds.
In 1374 Fulda redeemed the estate again, but enfeoffed in the same year Otsperg die burg ("Otzberg the castle"), Heringes die stat darundir ("Hering the town below it") and half of Umstadt for 23,875 guilders to Ulrich of Hanau, who also carried out work on the castle, for 400 guilders.
In 1390 the abbey sold Otzberg and Hering and the half of Umstadt with the Hanau fief, which had meanwhile increased in value to 33,000 guilders, to Count Palatine Rupert II.
In 1504 the Bavarian Feud partly involved Otzberg. In the dispute over the Landshut succession, Emperor Maximilian imposed the imperial ban on Count Palatine Philip for a breach of the Landfrieden. Landgrave William II of Hesse seized Otzberg by force. After the Reichstag of Constance in 1507, Electoral Palatinate received the Amt of Otzberg back again and did not enfeoff it again. But weapon technology had changed so that the castle could no longer simply be held by castellans. In 1511, a Zwinger was built, the inner wall was strengthened and a new gatehouse built.
In the mid-16th century a stone town wall was built around the lower ward (the village of Hering).
In 1621, during the Thirty Years' War, a Bavarian corps of 2,000 men and imperial and Spanish troops camped in the area of Otzberg-Umstadt and besieged Otzberg Castle. A year later, in 1622, the garrison surrendered the castle. The castle and amt of Otzberg as well as half of Umstadt went back to Hesse in 1623 as compensation for war damage suffered.
In 1647 the French took the castle. They based themselves at the castle and helped themselves to the food and provisions. As a result of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 Otzberg was returned to the Palatinate.
Although the whole of the Palatinate was in French hands during the Napoleonic Wars, the two Ämter of Otzberg and Umstadt remained Electoral Palatine. At that time the Palatine Archives were stored at Otzberg Castle, in which one can read the property claims for a new era.
With the stabilisation of the political situation, Otzberg Castle lost its military importance for the Palatinate. From 1711 active service soldiers were gradually replaced by disabled veterans, sot that from 1720 the castle became purely an invalids garrison, which guarded the prisoners incarcerated there.
In 1802 the Electoral Palatine Oberamt of Otzberg went to the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt, which used it from 1803 as a state prison.
In 1818 Otzberg Castle was abandoned as a military location.
On 25 July 1826 the Finance Ministry in Darmstadt issued a decree that the tower of the castle, the commandant's house with its small stables, the doctor's house, the stable near the Marketenderei, the well house and the new barracks (Bandhaus) should be preserved. All other buildings should be sold for demolition.
In 1921 the Bandhaus was converted into a youth hostel.
In the 1950s a forestry office and a restaurant were housed in the commandant's house. This arrangement continued until the mid-60s when the place was rented to various tenants to run the restaurant.
In 1985, a museum the Collection of Folk Art in Hesse (Sammlung zur Volkskunde in Hessen) moved into the Bandhaus. In 1996 the Korporalshaus was rebuilt. It has since been used as a museum building and location for the Standesamt of the municipality of Otzberg.
Military
The occupants from the outset were soldiers; in the 14th century, six men lived there; around 1471 there were 14 people. Specialised paid soldiers first appeared in the 16th century when the place was converted into a defensible fortification.
Description
The appearance of the fortress is dominated by its double concentric walls built in the 16th century and oval in shape, and the bergfried which is of Romanesque origin. Its character is still that of a fortress from the time after the introduction of artillery, typical castle features, like towers are entirely missing.
Bergfried
The bergfried, also known locally as the Weiße Rübe ("White Beet", also the name for the wild turnip), is the oldest building in the castle. On clear days the visitor can see the whole of the county of Darmstadt-Dieburg and as far as the city of Frankfurt am Main and the Taunus hills from the top of the 17-metre-high keep.
Well
The castle well dates to about 1320 and is one of the deepest wells in Hesse. After recent excavations the depth of the well has now been estimated as about 50 metres. Next to it is a 1788 treadwheel that made it considerably easier to raise water.
Commandant's house
The commandant's house (Kommandantenhaus), in which the castle pub is housed today, was built in 1574 together with several other new buildings.
Palas
The palas houses the Otzberg Museum – Documenting the history of Veste Otzberg.
Barracks/cabinet room
The old cabinet room was later used as a barrack. Due to the Hessian demolition decree (hessischen Abrissverfügung) of 1806 it was one of the few buildings that was destroyed at Otzberg Castle. Today, only the wall foundations remain.
Corporal's house
The "corporal's house" (Korporalshaus), rebuilt in 1996 is used as a registry by the municipality of Otzberg.
Literature
Wolfram Becher: Name und Ursprung der Burg Otzberg. In: Der Odenwald. Zeitschrift des Breuberg-Bundes 26/1, 1979, pp. 3–26.
Thomas Biller: Burgen und Schlösser im Odenwald. Ein Führer zu Geschichte und Architektur. Schnell und Steiner, Regensburg, 2005, , pp. 189–192.
Thomas Steinmetz: Zur Frühgeschichte der Burg Otzberg. In: Der Odenwald. Zeitschrift des Breuberg-Bundes. 51st annual issue (2004), Heft 2, , pp. 43−57.
Axel W. Gleue: Otzberg Burg-Festung-Kaserne. Otzberg, 2003.
Rudolf Knappe: Mittelalterliche Burgen in Hessen: 800 Burgen, Burgruinen und Burgstätten. 3rd edn. Wartberg-Verlag. Gudensberg-Gleichen, 2000. , pp. 540−542.
Schlösser, Burgen, alte Mauern. Herausgegeben vom Hessendienst der Staatskanzlei, Wiesbaden, 1990, , pp. 287–289.
External links
Otzberg Castle at burgenwelt.de
Otzberg Museum
DFG project Renaissance Palaces in Hesse
References
Hill castles
Castles in Hesse
Museums in Hesse
Odenwald
Electoral Palatinate
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68424514
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick%20Hawkins%20%28disambiguation%29
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Frederick Hawkins (disambiguation)
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Frederick Hawkins, or Fred Hawkins, may refer to:
Frederick Hawkins (died 1956), Irish politician
Frederick Hawkins (cricketer) (1888–1975), English cricketer
Erick Hawkins (1909–1994), born Frederick Hawkins, American choreographer
Fred Hawkins (1923–2014), American golfer
Fred Hawkins (Florida politician) (born 1967), American politician
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53881081
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019%20FIFA%20Women%27s%20World%20Cup%20qualification%20%E2%80%93%20UEFA%20Group%205
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2019 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification – UEFA Group 5
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UEFA Group 5 of the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification competition consisted of five teams: Germany, Iceland, the Czech Republic, Slovenia, and the Faroe Islands (which advanced from the preliminary round). The composition of the seven groups in the qualifying group stage was decided by the draw held on 25 April 2017, with the teams seeded according to their coefficient ranking.
The group was played in home-and-away round-robin format between 14 September 2017 and 4 September 2018. The group winners qualified for the final tournament, while the runners-up advanced to the play-offs if they were one of the four best runners-up among all seven groups (not counting results against the fifth-placed team).
Standings
Matches
Times are CET/CEST, as listed by UEFA (local times, if different, are in parentheses).
Goalscorers
Notes
References
External links
FIFA Women's World Cup Standings: 2017–19 qualifying, UEFA.com
Group 5
Qualification
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28087302
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immanuel%20Alm
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Immanuel Alm
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Immanuel Alm (1767–1809) was a Finnish painter.
Alm's father Johan Alm was also a painter. They both worked on religious-themed paintings, including altarpieces such as one at the church in Kaustinen. The National Museum of Finland also has some of his works.
References
Some of this material was translated from the Finnish Wikipedia article
Z. Schalin: Om Nykarleby kyrkas bildskrud, mälarena D. Hjulström samt J. och E. Alm Suomen museolehti 76, 108, 1907, 1
1767 births
1809 deaths
18th-century Finnish painters
Finnish male painters
19th-century Finnish painters
19th-century male artists
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20017317
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%C3%BAl%20Gonz%C3%A1lez%20Herrera
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Saúl González Herrera
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Saúl González Herrera (14 November 1915 in Vicente Guerrero, Chihuahua – 22 October 2006 in Chihuahua, Chihuahua)
was a Mexican lawyer and politician, affiliated with the Revolutionary Institutional Party (PRI). He served as Governor of Chihuahua from 1985 to 1986.
Saúl González Herrera had extensive experience in Chihuahua state politics. He served as Rector of the Autonomous University of Chihuahua from 1959 to 1962, served in the federal Chamber of Deputies during the 46th Congress (1964 to 1967), and was General Director of the state-controlled corporation Productos Forestales de la Tarahumara (PROFORTARAH)
In 1980 Governor Óscar Ornelas appointed him State Treasurer; following Ornelas's forced resignation from the governorship on 19 September 1985, González Herrera was appointed interim governor to complete his six-year mandate.
During González's period as governor, the 1986 state election was held, which saw Francisco Barrio Terrazas of the National Action Party (PAN) compete against Fernando Baeza Meléndez of the PRI;
the official result was a victory for the latter, but suspicions of electoral fraud marred the election and Baeza Meléndez's time in office.
Saúl González was elected to the Senate for the period 1988–94, representing Chihuahua for the PRI.
In 1994 he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies for Chihuahua's Fifth District to serve during the 56th Congress.
At the end of his senatorial period, he returned to his private practice as a notary public. He died on 22 October 2006 in the city of Chihuahua.
References
Governors of Chihuahua (state)
Politicians from Chihuahua (state)
1915 births
2006 deaths
Institutional Revolutionary Party politicians
Members of the Senate of the Republic (Mexico)
Presidents of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)
Autonomous University of Chihuahua alumni
20th-century Mexican politicians
Heads of universities and colleges in Mexico
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48400248
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20L.%20Potts
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Frank L. Potts
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Frank Leslie Potts (May 20, 1867 - January 7, 1926) was a Canadian politician.
Personal life
Potts was born in Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada to Joseph William Potts and Eunice Louise Battle. He was married to Elizabeth May Flemming and they had two children, Roy Flewelling Potts (1887-1974) and Gladys Leslie Potts (1888-1888). He was also the brother-in-law of the John A Monroe, who was tried and convicted of the murder of his mistress, Sarah "Maggie" Vail and their daughter, Ella May Monroe.
Career
Potts was elected mayor of Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada in 1924 but was unable to finish his term as he died in 1926 at the age of 58. He is buried in Fernhill Cemetery in Saint John.
1867 births
1926 deaths
Mayors of Saint John, New Brunswick
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17110708
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Lyons%20%28actor%29
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David Lyons (actor)
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David Lyons (born 16 April 1976) is an Australian actor. He is known for his roles as Josh Holiday in the Nine Network navy drama Sea Patrol (2007-2009), Dr. Simon Brenner in the NBC medical drama ER (2008-2009) and as General Sebastian Monroe in the NBC post-apocalyptic drama Revolution (2012-2014).
Early life and education
Lyons was born in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. He graduated from Yarra Valley Grammar school in 1993 and continued on to graduate from Australia's National Institute of Dramatic Art (NIDA) with a degree in Performing Arts (Acting) in 2004.
Career
Lyons starred in the Nine Network police drama Sea Patrol, where he played the Leading Seaman Josh Holiday for the show's first three series from 2007 until 2009.
In 2005, Lyons had a recurring role on the Seven Network police drama Blue Heelers and guest-starred on the Seven Network/Network Ten/Eleven soap opera Neighbours.
Lyons began starring in the NBC medical drama ER as Dr. Simon Brenner, making his first appearance in season 14, episode 14 titled "Owner of a Broken Heart" which aired on 10 April 2008, but he was credited as a special guest star. When the show's 15th and final season premiere titled "Life After Death" aired on 25 September 2008, Lyons was added to the main cast. Lyons remained on the show until it ended with the two-hour series finale, "And in the End...", which aired 2 April 2009.
In 2009, Lyons starred in the TV movie A Model Daughter: The Killing of Caroline Byrne.
In 2010, Lyons appeared in the biographical romantic drama Eat Pray Love, which starred Julia Roberts and was based on Elizabeth Gilbert's autobiography of the same name.
In January 2011, Lyons starred as the title role in the NBC superhero drama The Cape until the show was cancelled in March that same year after ten episodes.
Lyons co-starred with Billy Burke in the NBC post-apocalyptic drama Revolution, which ran for two seasons from 17 September 2012 to 21 May 2014. He played Sebastian "Bas" Monroe, a former US Marine Corps sergeant who served with Miles Matheson (Burke), founded the Monroe Republic, and became its President and later General of its Militia.
In 2013, Lyons co-starred with Josh Duhamel and Julianne Hough in the romantic drama Safe Haven, based on Nicholas Sparks' novel of the same name.
Filmography
Awards and nominations
References
External links
1976 births
21st-century Australian male actors
Australian male film actors
Australian male television actors
Living people
National Institute of Dramatic Art alumni
Male actors from Melbourne
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10778715
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Style%20Weekly
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Style Weekly
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Style Weekly is an online alternative media outlet that was previously an alternative weekly newspaper for news, arts, culture and opinion in Richmond, Virginia, between November 1982 and September 2021. It was owned by Tribune Media, the same company that publishes the Norfolk Virginian-Pilot, among other newspapers. On November 17, 2021, VPM Media Corporation, the parent company of public media group VPM, announced it had acquired Style Weekly.
In 2018, Style Weekly was named as the recipient of the Virginia Press Association's award for journalistic integrity and community service.
On September 7, 2021, Style Weekly announced on Facebook that they would be ceasing publication the following day. On Dec. 14, 2021, editor Brent Baldwin announced that Style would resume publishing online.
References
External links
Alternative weekly newspapers published in the United States
Newspapers published in Virginia
Mass media in Richmond, Virginia
Publications with year of establishment missing
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15989312
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/40%20Days%20for%20Life
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40 Days for Life
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40 Days for Life is an international anti-abortion organization that campaigns against abortion in more than 60 nations worldwide. It was originally started in 2004 by members of the Brazos Valley Coalition for Life in Texas. The name refers to a repeated pattern of events lasting for 40 days in the Bible, such as Noah’s Ark, Moses’s 40 days on Mount Sinai, and Jesus’s 40 days in the desert.
The campaign is active in the spring during the Christian season of Lent and in the fall. According to Florida Catholic, an official Roman Catholic newspaper, more than 1,000,000 people have participated in the campaign worldwide.
History
The initial 2004 local campaign was begun in reaction to the presence of a Planned Parenthood abortion facility which had opened in Bryan, Texas in 1998. ProLife 365 says that four members of the Brazos Valley Coalition for Life decided to start the prayer campaign 24 hours a day for 40 days with the goal of closing the facility, and credits this campaign for a rejuvenation of local pro-life activities in the Bryan-College Station area.
Over the next two and a half years, the campaign was replicated in six other cities.
In early 2007, the original 40 Days for Life leaders suggested a simultaneous nationwide 40 Days for Life campaign in as many cities as wished to participate. The first national campaign ran that fall with vigils in 89 cities in 33 U.S. states.
A second national campaign was added to run during the spring of each year, starting in Lent of 2008 with campaigns in 59 cities.
The spring 2009 campaign had numerous U.S. and international cities participating, including Brisbane, Australia and cities in Canada, Northern Ireland, and the United States.
In 2013, the Bryan Planned Parenthood closed. The building is now operated by 40 Days for Life.
As of the spring 2019 campaign, more than 1,000,000 people have participated in 61 countries across all six populated continents. Approximately 19,000 churches have participated in the 6,428 local campaigns that have been held since 40 Days for Life began. The US-based Christian Broadcasting Network reports that more than 16,000 confirmed cases of abortions were stopped, Campaigns continue to be held in the spring and fall of each year.
However, despite the group's claimed success, British Pregnancy Advisory Service stated that 40 Days for Life protest action is not stopping people from having abortions, but instead making women rebook their appointments for after the organised campaign, thus 40 Days for Life's campaigns are encouraging women to have abortions later.
Campaigns
A 40 Days for Life campaign consists of 40 days of prayer and fasting in shifts outside of a clinic or hospital that performs abortions or which is an abortion referral center. The campaign also involves outreach to the community to promote awareness about abortion and outreach directly to women considering abortion. Campaigns are coordinated to take place twice yearly during Lent and fall, although not all campaign locations participate every time.
Participants in the 40 Days for Life campaigns are required to sign a “Statement of Peace” stating that they will act lawfully and peacefully while participating in the campaign.
40 Days for Life has campaigned against clinics in Ireland (where abortion is illegal unless the mother's life is at risk) which help women who are thinking of having an abortion in Britain (where abortion is legal on a wide number of grounds).
Internationally, the 40 Days for Life campaign is considered an American-style protest.
Opposition
Holly Baxter, a journalist for the British publication The Guardian, states that the organization’s participants at vigils regularly harass women and pregnant children as young as 12 years old, trying to access vital healthcare, photograph them as they enter sexual health or maternity clinics, and provide these vulnerable people with leaflets disguised as NHS literature, which health professionals describe as "pseudo-medical" and "misleading". Abortion-rights activists, concerned that the campaigns harass and intimidate women seeking abortion have reacted in opposition to the 40 Days for Life campaign, including protests against 40 Days for Life such as “40 Days of Choice,” among others. An American Civil Liberties Union spokesperson called 40 Days for Life "the most dangerous threat to choice".
Abortion rights activists have pursued legal avenues such as buffer zones, especially in Canada and Europe, to prevent anti-abortion activists from approaching women or standing nearby abortion facilities.
In some cases, abortion-rights activists have reacted violently against 40 Days for Life participants. The fall 2010 campaign attracted attention when a Tennessee abortion provider was arrested for brandishing a handgun at three 40 Days for Life participants demonstrating outside a South Carolina abortion facility. During the spring 2019 campaign, an 85-year-old 40 Days for Life participant in San Francisco was beaten, his sign stolen, and the incident captured on video.
See also
Anti-abortion organizations in the United States
Choose Life license plates
References
External links
Official website
Anti-abortion organizations in the United States
Non-profit organizations based in Texas
Organizations established in 2007
Brazos County, Texas
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18527896
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delesseriaceae
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Delesseriaceae
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The Delessericaeae is a family of about 100 genera of marine red alga.
Genera
References
External links
Algaebase: Delesseriaceae
Red algae families
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64032143
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kronstadt%E2%80%93Toulon%20naval%20visits
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Kronstadt–Toulon naval visits
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The Kronstadt–Toulon naval visits were reciprocal diplomatic visits carried out by the French and Russian navies in the lead up to the Franco-Russian Alliance (1894–1917). The visits served as cover to exchange letters between the countries' foreign offices making key defensive agreements. The French Navy visited Kronstadt on the Gulf of Finland on 23 July 1891 and the Russian Navy visited Toulon on 13 October 1893. Both visits were received by crowds of people, speeches from dignitaries and the singing of anthems. During the Toulon visit the Russians attempted to secure naval bases on the French Mediterranean coast but were unsuccessful. The Franco-Russian Alliance later, with the addition of Britain, developed into the Triple Entente that opposed Austria and Germany during the First World War.
Background
Germany entered into the Triple Alliance with Austria and Italy in 1882, forming a powerful bloc of Central European military power. In 1890 Germany allowed the Reinsurance Treaty with Russia to lapse. This treaty guaranteed the neutrality of either power in certain instances of war in Europe. The loss of the treaty left Russia concerned about an invasion from Austria at a time when France, diplomatically isolated in Europe since the loss of the 1870-71 Franco-Prussian War, was worried about another war with Germany.
The Germans had presumed that Tsarist Russia was too ideologically different from Republican France for any formal alliance to be agreed. However the two countries' shared concerns over the Triple Alliance led to increasingly friendly relations. Russia at this time was reliant on French investment since Bismarck had banned German nationals from lending to Russia in 1887. Russia was less in favour of a formal defence agreement than the French were but wanted to guarantee a few years of peace to allow it to prepare for war; both parties therefore planned to enter into a series of secret agreements. Writing in 1893 Russian foreign minister Nikolay Girs said that the actions of "Bismarck drove us into the arms of France".
Kronstadt
A French Navy squadron visited the Russian port of Kronstadt on the Gulf of Finland on 23 July 1891. The squadron remained in the port for ten days during which it was granted an enthusiastic reception by the Russian populace. The French national anthem, La Marseillaise - previously banned in Russia as an anthem of republicanism, was sung by the Dmitri Slaviansky D'Agreneff choir. The Russian Emperor Alexander III, though known to be unenthusiastic about closer relationships with France, agreed to stand to attention during the singing of the anthem. Many notable people travelled to visit the port from the national capital, Saint Petersburg, just away and crowds on the quayside cheered "Vive la France". On 2 August the French officers were hosted at a meal in the capital. Some 600 guests attended and entertainment included the singing of both countries' national anthems and the performance of the second act of the French-language opera La fille du régiment.
During the visit an agreement was reached, via an exchange of letters from the countries' foreign ministers, that if war was threatened in Europe then the two nations would agree on a joint response. There was also an agreement that if any of the Triple Alliance powers mobilised then France and Russia would both respond in kind. The agreement was kept secret but the naval visit served as a public indication of closer ties between the two nations and was viewed as an indication that a formal alliance was all but guaranteed to follow.
The 1891 agreement was followed by more detailed arrangements including an 1892 mutual defence pact that the countries would come to one another's defence if either was attacked by Germany. In the wake of the agreement France made large loans to Russia and increased investment in its industrial development campaign. The British prime minister, Lord Salisbury, responded to the Kronstadt visit by inviting the French squadron to call at Portsmouth on its return journey to demonstrate that "England has no antipathy to France".
Toulon
On 13 October 1893 the Russian Navy repaid the Kronstadt visit with a visit by a squadron under Rear Admiral Theodor Avellan to the French naval base at Toulon. The Russian battleship Imperator Nikolai I from the Baltic was joined by the cruiser Pamiat Azova from Cadiz and the cruisers Admiral Nakhimov and Rynda travelling from the United States. The gunboat Terets later joined the squadron in port, from the Mediterranean. The strength of the squadron sent was an indication of the political importance of the visit, which served to seal the mutual defence pact signed by the countries. In France the visit was viewed as more serious than that at Kronstadt and was perceived to formally end the period of French diplomatic isolation.
The response of the French public was enthusiastic, by some estimates 300,000 people travelled to the town to welcome the squadron with some 165,000 railway tickets sold. This overwhelmed the town, which had only 70,000 residents, and led to food and water shortages. Many thousands were forced to sleep in the open, on boats or in carriages. The town's sewerage provision was inadequate and a writer in the British medical journal The Lancet raised concerns about a possible epidemic.
The huge crowds lined the harbour, part of which was renamed "Kronstadt Quay", and sang the Russian national anthem. Numerous speeches were given by admirals, ministers and diplomats, commemorative plates were produced, celebratory songs performed and poems read by schoolchildren. Avellan was presented with jewellery including 2,300 bracelets embossed with "Cronstadt et Toulon" and the dates of the two visits, as presents for officers' wives and daughters. Avellan's officers afterwards toured France and visited Paris.
Russia was keen to increase its influence in the Mediterranean and during the visit entered discussions with the French government over the leasing of naval bases on the Mediterranean coast. Despite some enthusiasm, there was even a suggestion that the countries could maintain a joint Mediterranean Fleet, no agreement was reached. After the Toulon visit Avellan took his squadron to the Eastern Mediterranean in an attempt to pressure Greece and Turkey into granting Russia a naval base on their territory. Avellan's ships lay off Piraeus for three months, keen to secure a coaling station on the isles of Poros where the Russian government owned land. British diplomatic pressure prevented this from happening and afterwards the Russian Navy, distracted by the 1894 outbreak of the First Sino-Japanese War, shifted its focus to the Pacific and Arctic. Britain responded to the Toulon visit by dispatching a squadron to visit the Italian naval base at La Spezia, keen to maintain Italian friendship against a possible Franco-Russian threat in the Mediterranean.
Leo Tolstoy was critical of the naval visits in his 1894 essay Christianity and Patriotism. He considered the demonstrations of patriotism and friendship as contrived and regarded the sentiments shown during speeches as absurd.
Impact
In the year following the Toulon visit France and Russia negotiated the terms of the Franco-Russian Alliance. The alliance marked a significant shift in the balance of power in Europe with the Franco-Russian bloc standing as a counter to the dominance of the Triple Alliance. The French, keen to keep the alliance secret, chose not to discuss the matter in parliament and it was instead concluded by an exchange of letters in 1894. The Italians learned of the alliance and it caused them to reconsider their obligations to the Triple Alliance. This worried Austria who feared fighting on two fronts: against Russia and Italy. These fears were not unfounded, as after the 1915 Treaty of London the Italians declared war on Austria in the hope of gaining territory in the Alps and on the Adriatic Coast.
The Franco-Russian alliance was renewed and strengthened in 1899 and 1912. The alliance was supplemented by the Anglo-French Entente Cordiale of 1904 and the Anglo-Russian Convention of 1907 and developed into the Triple Entente which opposed Germany and Austria during the First World War.
References
1891 in the Russian Empire
1893 in France
France–Russia military relations
1891 in international relations
1893 in international relations
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46722027
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoj%20Chandila
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Manoj Chandila
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Manoj Chandila is an Indian actor and model. He is known for the role of Dr. Manoj Paul on Star Plus TV show Ye Hai Mohabbatein.
Career
He has done many roles in various Hindi television shows like Kis Desh Mein Hai Meraa Dil, Matti Ki Banno, Mrs. Kaushik Ki Paanch Bahuein and Aahat (season 6).
Filmography
Television
Film
References
External links
21st-century Indian male actors
Living people
Indian male television actors
Indian male film actors
Male actors in Hindi television
Male actors in Hindi cinema
Punjabi people
Indian male models
Male actors from Delhi
Year of birth missing (living people)
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59591699
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villalba%20barrio-pueblo
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Villalba barrio-pueblo
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Villalba barrio-pueblo is a barrio and the administrative center (seat) of Villalba, a municipality of Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010 was 729.
As was customary in Spain, in Puerto Rico, the municipality has a barrio called pueblo which contains a central plaza, the municipal buildings (city hall), and a Catholic church. Fiestas patronales (patron saint festivals) are held in the central plaza every year.
The central plaza and its church
The central plaza, or square, is a place for official and unofficial recreational events and a place where people can gather and socialize from dusk to dawn. The Laws of the Indies, Spanish law, which regulated life in Puerto Rico in the early 19th century, stated the plaza's purpose was for "the parties" (celebrations, festivities) (), and that the square should be proportionally large enough for the number of neighbors (). These Spanish regulations also stated that the streets nearby should be comfortable portals for passersby, protecting them from the elements: sun and rain.
Located across the central plaza in Villalba barrio-pueblo is the , a Roman Catholic church.
Sectors
Barrios (which are roughly comparable to minor civil divisions) in turn are further subdivided into smaller local populated place areas/units called sectores (sectors in English). The types of sectores may vary, from normally sector to urbanización to reparto to barriada to residencial, among others.
The following sectors are in Villalba barrio-pueblo:
, and .
See also
List of communities in Puerto Rico
List of barrios and sectors of Villalba, Puerto Rico
References
Barrios of Villalba, Puerto Rico
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29041862
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mladen%20Bojinovi%C4%87
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Mladen Bojinović
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Mladen Bojinović (; born 17 January 1977) is a Serbian former handball player.
Club career
After starting out at his hometown club Borac Banja Luka, Bojinović spent three seasons with Partizan (1996–1999) and won two trophies, before moving to Spain. He played for three Liga ASOBAL teams, namely Ademar León (1999–2000), Bidasoa (2000–2001), and Barcelona (2001–2002).
In 2002, Bojinović moved to France and stayed with Montpellier over the next decade, winning nine national championships. He also won the EHF Champions League in his debut year. In 2012, Bojinović signed with Paris Saint-Germain, helping them win their first ever national championship in the 2012–13 season.
International career
Bojinović made his major international debut for FR Yugoslavia (later known as Serbia and Montenegro) at the 2001 World Championship, winning the bronze medal. He also took part at the 2002 European Championship and 2003 World Championship. Later on, Bojinović represented Serbia and participated in two more World Championships (2009 and 2011).
Honours
Partizan
Handball Championship of FR Yugoslavia: 1998–99
Handball Cup of FR Yugoslavia: 1997–98
Barcelona
Copa ASOBAL: 2001–02
Montpellier
LNH Division 1: 2002–03, 2003–04, 2004–05, 2005–06, 2007–08, 2008–09, 2009–10, 2010–11, 2011–12
Coupe de France: 2002–03, 2004–05, 2005–06, 2007–08, 2008–09, 2009–10, 2011–12
Coupe de la Ligue: 2003–04, 2004–05, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2009–10, 2010–11, 2011–12
EHF Champions League: 2002–03
Paris Saint-Germain
LNH Division 1: 2012–13, 2014–15
Coupe de France: 2013–14, 2014–15
References
External links
LNH record
1977 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Banja Luka
Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Serbian male handball players
RK Partizan players
CB Ademar León players
FC Barcelona Handbol players
Montpellier Handball players
RK Borac Banja Luka players
Liga ASOBAL players
Expatriate handball players
Serbia and Montenegro expatriate sportspeople in Spain
Serbia and Montenegro expatriate sportspeople in France
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46370071
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/True%20Love%20%28manga%29
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True Love (manga)
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True Love is a Japanese slice-of-life romance shōjo manga series written and illustrated by Miwako Sugiyama. It was published by Shogakukan, with serialization on Sho-Comi magazine and with seven volumes compiling the chapters released between 2013 and 2015.
Synopsis
Ai just loves her big brother, Yuzuru! He's so kind, so reliable, and so cool! He always protects Ai from trouble and when she cries, he cheers her up! He's the perfect big brother. But, bad things happen soon. Her parents divorce and she and her brother are separated! Now, after 9 years, one day Ai, now 14-years-old, finds a tall boy in front of her school! Who is this boy?
Plot
As children, siblings Yuzuru and Ai have had a close relationship. Yuzuru was known as the doting and protective older brother, and defended Ai from bullies. Their parents’ frequent arguments brought the two closer together. When they were 7 and 6 years old, their parents took them on a family vacation and all seemed to go well until they overheard their parents decision to divorce. Despite their fear of losing their family, Yuzuru promised to Ai they will be together forever. Shortly after, their parents officially divorce and the children are separated; Yuzuru moved to America with their father and Ai remained in Japan with their mother.
Nine years later, Ai is 14-years-old and still wonders about her brother, whom she hasn't had contact with other than a recent postcard. When she arrives at school, she finds an older boy who says Ai's name and she quickly realizes he is Yuzuru, and they share a happy reunion. Although they briefly get into an argument over how different they have become, they reconcile and decide to focus on reconnecting. Yuzuru explains he has lived in several different countries but he recently convinced their father to relocate to Japan for his job. Their mother tells Ai that she and her ex-husband have decided to remarry and the family begins living together again. The siblings are glad their parents reconciled and they will be able to be a family again. A year after reuniting, however, while they are moving into their new apartment, Ai accidentally falls on top of Yuzuru and kisses him. Ai immediately tries to pull away but Yuzuru kisses her again. When she questions him why he did it, he says it is a habit due to seeing people from overseas kiss as greetings, and he deduces it was Ai's first kiss. Yuzuru also reveals he will be living in his own apartment to be closer to his school. Ai begins to feel awkward around Yuzuru after the kiss and is sad he is living separately from her. She meets Nanoya at her entrance ceremony and they quickly become friends. However, Nanoya reveals she has had a crush on Yuzuru for a long time and hopes Ai can help her get closer to him, although Ai secretly feels jealous. Ai agrees to help Nanoya nevertheless. This and the gap between her and Yuzuru prompts Ai to realize she is falling in love with him, which deeply ashames her. Shortly after, she visits his high school and meets his best friend, Shuuji, who takes an instant liking to her. Ai tells Yuzuru he has an admirer but he brushes this off. Nanoya persuades Ai to introduce her to Yuzuru and the four bond together.
Their schools attend a two-day camping trip, through Ai will have to spend it studying. Nanoya announces her decision to confess to Yuzuru during the trip. However, during the trip, Ai struggles to hide her despair at being unable to show her feelings for Yuzuru and breaks down. Yuzuru finds her and tries to comfort her, but when she attempts to subconsciously kiss him, he sends her away and asks Nanoya to be his girlfriend. When Ai finds out, she is very sad but tries to hide this. Yuzuru returns home to celebrate Ai's 16th birthday but he invites Nanoya, who clings to Yuzuru and this ruins Ai's happiness at being able to celebrate with her brother. Ai begins to avoid Yuzuru, who decides to make up for this by taking her to Shibuya and spending the day with her, and gives her a heart-shaped hair ornament as a birthday gift. Ai is so touched by this that she kisses Yuzuru, who pushes her away and takes her home. The next day, Ai is met by Shuuji, who says he saw the kiss but promises to keep it a secret for her sake. At school, Yuzuru tells her they need to forget what happened but Ai finally breaks down and confesses she loves him. Yuzuru tries to rationalize with her but he also ends up confessing he loves her too, and they share an embrace. They begin a secret relationship although Ai feels unsecured about their parents finding out. To cheer her up, Yuzuru starts taking her out on dates after school and breaks up with Nanoya, who is devastated but tells Ai she refuses to give up on him. Shuuji asks Yuzuru if he is dating Ai and when he confirms this, Shuuji condemns him for committing incest but he is silenced when Yuzuru's anger intimidates him and Shuuji vows to steal Ai from Yuzuru. The four of them go to the beach for summer vacation, during which Nanoya witnesses Ai call him ‘Yuzuru’ rather than ‘Onii-chan’, though Ai brushes this off when she questions Ai. They attend a festival and Nanoya gives Ai a flower hair ornament. Ai reluctantly helps Nanoya watch the fireworks with Yuzuru, who switched places with Shuuji so he could be with Ai. They share a kiss during the fireworks show but when a silhouetted picture of them surfaces, Nanoya realizes Yuzuru and Ai are a couple. She avoids Ai after ending their friendship and gives the picture to their mother. Yuzuru and Ai deny its them in the picture and their mother seems to believe them but Ai quickly realizes she doesn't and warns Yuzuru. Ai tries to avoid Yuzuru to not draw suspicion and feels uncomfortable when Shuuji starts making romantic advances towards her. However, Shuuji tries to help them by introducing himself as Ai's boyfriend to her parents and he is the one kissing Ai in the picture. He then asks Ai to go on a date with him in return and she agrees. However, while going to meet him for the date, she sees Yuzuru and ditches Shuuji. Yuzuru and Ai go to Karuizawa and visit a church, where Yuzuru proposes to her and suggests they go somewhere no one knows them, and she accepts. However, they learn from their mother than their father has been killed in a plane crash while returning to America for work. Upon returning home, their mother lashes out at them and forbids them from seeing each other, to the point of keeping Ai confined to the apartment. Yuzuru learns of her plan to move away with Ai but Yuzuru decides not to intervene. Once she is allowed to return to school, Ai learns Nanoya was responsible for telling her mother and Nanoya vows to never forgive her. Ai also learns of her mother's intent to move away and rushes to Yuzuru. Although both want to be together, he acknowledges it is impossible. Ai compromises that she will end the relationship if she becomes his lover, and they have sex for the first time. Afterwards, they bid farewell and Ai gives back the heart-shape ornament.
A year and a half later, Ai has established a closer relationship with her mother but she still misses Yuzuru. Her mother suggests Ai apply for college in Tokyo, which she agrees to. While there, Ai runs into Shuuji, who is a first year university student. When he mentions Yuzuru, Ai tells him that Yuzuru lives in America and she hasn't heard anything from him in over a year. Ai insists she is trying to move on but she has lost all hope of her future. Meanwhile, Yuzuru attends a lab research university in America but although he is popular among his peers, he refuses to associate with women, as he too is struggling to cope with his feelings for Ai. Yuzuru remembers when he was secretly leaving for America but Shuuji found out and demanded an explanation, which Yuzuru said he only came to Japan to see Ai and if he continued to stay, he would never forget about her and he is unsure if he will ever return. Ai is unsure if she should apply to such an expensive university and her mother reveals she and her husband got married and started their family while they were still students, and suggests Ai try an omiai. Although Ai is not interested in marrying a stranger, she agrees to give a chance. The next day, Shuuji meets with his associate professor, who announces he is meeting Ai for the omiai. Shuuji immediately calls Yuzuru to tell him this but Yuzuru tries to brush it off because he only wants Ai to live her life. Shuuji runs into Nanoya at a restaurant and when she asks about Ai and Yuzuru, Shuuji asks her to forgive them and reveals Ai's decision. Ai gets a job at a bakery and Nanoya finds her to confront her. Nanoya is still unable to forgive Ai but she finally understand why she and Yuzuru kept their relationship a secret, and she truly hopes Ai can live a happier life. She then asks Ai if she intends to go through with the omiai and Ai says she doesn't want to get married but sees it as necessary to forget Yuzuru. Nanoya arrives in America for college and meets with Yuzuru, who is disappointed to see her. Nanoya tells Yuzuru she still has feelings for him and asks him to be her boyfriend. He rejects her because he doesn't love her, and Nanoya begs him to stop Ai from marrying someone she doesn't love but Yuzuru refuses because he blames himself for how Ai's life turned out. While talking to his professor, Yuzuru shows a photo of his father but the professor points out Yuzuru's father is the other man in the picture. The professor says he knew Yuzuru's parents and shows him another picture of them with Mr. Souda and a baby, and he gives Yuzuru a letter Mr. Souda left behind before he died. After reading it, Yuzuru rushes to the airport to get to Japan. The next day, Ai goes to the same church she and Yuzuru visited before and tries on a wedding dress. She is overwhelmed by her memories of Yuzuru and breaks down crying until Yuzuru surprises her by hugging her. Ai tries to reject him and Yuzuru reveals they are not siblings. In the letter, Mr. Souda wrote he knew about their relationship all along when he saw them holding hands and supported it, and he also revealed that Yuzuru's biological parents were siblings who left Japan and moved to America but were killed in a car accident shortly after Yuzuru's birth and Mr. Souda, who was a close friend, took the child in. Yuzuru tells Ai they are allowed to get married and they share an emotional embrace. Their mother, who had believed Yuzuru was Mr.Souda’s child by another woman when she met him, forgives her husband for keeping the truth from her. Yuzuru still decides to continue his studying in America and Ai agrees to have a long-distance relationship because she is only happy they can be together.
Several months later, Ai visits Yuzuru in America for Christmas and he had planned a romantic night for them but their plans are cancelled when he is called to the lab for work. Some of the women there make fun of Ai for looking so childish and Ai learns Yuzuru allowed a little girl to have her heart-shaped ornament but she is later given it back by the girl. Yuzuru purchases couple’s rings for him and Ai, and after vowing to love her forever, they spend the night together. They later visit Yuzuru's parents’ graves before Ai has to return to Japan. The following year, Nanoya gets married and everyone wonders if Ai and Yuzuru will get married. Ai says she understands Yuzuru's job in America is important to him and is content with a long-distance relationship. Shuuji questions Yuzuru about this and Yuzuru says he doesn't want to bring Ai to America and leave their mother alone. After spending the night together, Yuzuru tells Ai he will be staying in America for his job and Ai supports his decision. Their mother, who heard about the situation from Nanoya, confronts them, telling them to not give up their dreams for her and Yuzuru thanks her for raising him. A couple of years later, Ai and Yuzuru are happily married and living in America; Ai is still working as a baker, and Yuzuru has become a doctor. Shuuji is busy working and Nanoya is expecting her first child. Ai narrates how happy she is to have met Yuzuru because he is her true love.
Very...sus.
Like...really sus.
Characters
Ai Souda
The female protagonist. She is 14-year-old girl and a first year middle school student. She is Yuzuru's precious little sister. Ai is a sweet and innocent girl who is caring towards those dear to her, especially her older brother. After their parents' divorce when Ai was only 5, she longed to find Yuzuru again and almost didn't recognize him when he returned to Japan after a 9-year separation. Initially overjoyed to have her big brother back, Ai started to see Yuzuru less as a brother and more as a man, and gradually fell in love with him. Realizing how wrong her feelings were, she tried to resist them but couldn't help feel jealous as her friend, Nanayo, showed an interest in Yuzuru. After receiving her first kiss from him, Ai and Yuzuru confess their feelings to each other and tried to keep their relationship a secret. However, with their secret being discovered by their friends and mother who opposed them, Ai decided to break off the relationship on the condition that she become Yuzuru's lover, and loses her virginity to him. In a time-skip, Ai, in high school, agrees to an arranged marriage in order to forget Yuzuru. However, they find out they are not biologically related and are free to be together. Happy by this, Ai gets back together with Yuzuru, although they have a long-distant relationship due to Ai finishing high school in Japan and Yuzuru's job in America. In the final chapter, Yuzuru proposes to her and she accepts, and they are shown living happily together.
Yuzuru Souda
The male protagonist. He is 17-years-old and a high school student. He is Ai's beloved older brother. Yuzuru is kind, gentle, and modest towards his family and friends, and enjoys teasing Ai, as he is unable to resist her cuteness. After their parents' divorce, Yuzuru went to live with their father in America while Ai stayed with their mother in Japan, and they were never able to contact each other until 9 years later, after receiving his mother's blessing to see Ai. At first presenting himself as the protective and doting big brother, Yuzuru has always considered Ai to be the most important person in his life and is willing to do anything to see her happy. However, he starts to fall in love with Ai and is the first one to initiate a relationship with her by (accidentally) kissing her on the lips. After a while, they admit their feelings for each other and begin a secret relationship. As time went by, their closest friends find out, followed by their mother who refused to allow them to be together. After consummating their relationship, Yuzuru returned to America to move on, but finds a letter written to him from his father which reveals the truth about Yuzuru; he is not Ai's biological brother. His biological parents were siblings who fled from Japan to America. After they died in an accident, Mr. Souda took Yuzuru in and married his wife, who adopted Yuzuru. After this, he and Ai get back together, leading him to propose to her a couple of years later and they begin living together.
Nanayo Takeuchi
Ai's friend from school. She immediately takes an interest in Yuzuru and tries to get Ai to talk him into spending more time with her. This makes Ai jealous and sad, as she is also in love with Yuzuru. Nanayo is among the first people to find out about the relationship between the siblings and is against it. She becomes increasingly jealous at Ai that she ends their friendship and betrays both Ai and Yuzuru by telling mother about their relationship. However, after seeing Ai miserable from being apart from Yuzuru, Nanayo feels guilty and makes amends with them.
Asahi Nashuuji
A classmate of Ai and Yuzuru, and he is best friends with Yuzuru. He has a crush on Ai and tries repeatedly to get her to go out with him. Ai, on the other hand, simply sees him as a dear friend, in addition to being in love with Yuzuru. Once Shuuji discovers the secret relationship between Ai and Yuzuru, he is disgusted and warns Yuzuru of the consequences of committing incest, as well as vowing to take Ai from him no matter what. However he sympathizes with Ai and tries to cover for her when her mother becomes suspicious.
Mrs. Souda
Ai and Yuzuru's mother. She raised Ai after divorcing her husband and had no contact with her son, due to her refusal to see her ex-husband. Upon remarrying her husband, she reunites with Yuzuru. She becomes suspicious of her children due to Nanoya leaking a photo of them kissing. Following the death of her husband, she is further distraught when she discovers the relationship and forbids them from being together. She later pressures Ai to go to college and get married. It is discovered that she is not Yuzuru’s mother; she adopted him after marrying her husband. Seeing how happy Ai is with Yuzuru, she allows them to be together.
Mr. Souda
Ai and Yuzuru's father. He raised Yuzuru after his divorce with his wife and had no contact with Ai because his ex-wife didn't want anything to do with him. Years later, he and Mrs. Souda remarried. Unknown to Ai and Yuzuru, he finds out about the relationship early on and instead of confronting them, he keeps quiet about it. He dies from a plane crash as he was returning to America for his job. After his death, he leaves a letter to Yuzuru that details his knowledge of the relationship, as well as revelations that he was best friends with Yuzuru's biological parents and knew they were siblings. After they died, he took custody of Yuzuru and raised him with his wife before Ai was born.
Volumes
1 (May 24, 2013)
2 (September 26, 2013)
3 (December 26, 2013)
4 (April 25, 2014)
5 (June 26, 2014)
6 (October 24, 2014)
7 (March 26, 2015)
Reception
Volume 2 reached the 40th place on the weekly Oricon manga charts and, as of September 29, 2013, had sold 33,158 copies; volume 3 reached the 36th place and, as of December 29, 2013, had sold 36,615 copies; volume 4 reached the 31st place and, as of April 27, 2014, had sold 31,071 copies; volume 5 reached the 27th place and, as of June 29, 2014, had sold 35,408 copies; volume 6 reached the 40th place and, as of November 2, 2014, had sold 55,129 copies and volume 7 reached the 22nd place and, as of April 5, 2015, had sold 62,096 copies.
References
External links
2013 manga
Romance anime and manga
Shogakukan manga
Shōjo manga
Slice of life anime and manga
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68566821
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%20Peter%27s%20Church%2C%20Riccarton
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St Peter's Church, Riccarton
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St Peter's Church, Riccarton is an Anglican church in Christchurch, New Zealand. It is registered as Category II by Heritage New Zealand.
History
The Parish of Riccarton was formed in 1855 when the Parish of Christchurch was subdivided. The graveyard in the ground's of St Peter's was used for burials before a church was constructed on the site. The first church on the site of St Peter's was a wooden church designed by Benjamin Mountfort. The current stone church was built over 40 years in different stages. The first stone addition was the chancel. The chancel was built in 1876 and it was also designed by Mountfort. In 1900 the transepts, additions to the nave and an organ chamber were added, again to the design of Mountfort. In 1928 the final part of the original wooden church was replaced with a new west end and a stone tower both designed by Cecil Wood.
Canterbury earthquakes and restoration
The church sustained damage during the September 2010 Christchurch earthquake and also in the February 2011 Christchurch earthquake. The architectural firm Tennent Brown were engaged to restore and restrengthen St Peter's.The church was restored and strengthened up to 100% of the national building standard. The restored church was reopened in February 2021.
Burials
George Ross (1829–1876), farmer and local politician
Sibella Ross (1840–1929), schoolteacher and businesswoman
References
External links
Church website
Churches in Christchurch
NZHPT Category II listings in Canterbury, New Zealand
2011 Christchurch earthquake
Listed churches in New Zealand
1850s architecture in New Zealand
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4293265
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beltaine%20%28disambiguation%29
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Beltaine (disambiguation)
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Bealtaine (also called Beltane) is an ancient Gaelic holiday.
Beltaine may also refer to:
Beltaine (band), a Polish folk band
Beltaine (album), an album by Inkubus Sukkubus
"Beltaine" (song)
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4878063
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brad%20Newley
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Brad Newley
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Brad Newley (born 18 February 1985) is an Australian professional basketball player for Melbourne United of the National Basketball League (NBL). After starting his career in Australia, playing for the Australian Institute of Sport and the Townsville Crocodiles, Newley was drafted 54th overall by the Houston Rockets in the 2007 NBA draft. He never played in the NBA and instead carved out a career in Europe, playing in Greece, Turkey, Lithuania, and Spain between 2007 and 2016. Between 2016 and 2021, he played in the NBL for the Sydney Kings.
Early life and career
Newley was born in Adelaide, South Australia, in the suburb of Lower Mitcham. During his primary school days, he lived in South Australia, Northern Territory, and Queensland. He attended Mountain Creek State High School on the Sunshine Coast before moving back to Adelaide and attending Pasadena High School. He attended Pasadena alongside future NBA player Joe Ingles.
In 2002, Newley played in the Central ABL for the Forestville Eagles. He moved to Canberra in 2003 to attend the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) and Lake Ginninderra Secondary College. He played for the AIS in the South East Australian Basketball League (SEABL), averaging 17.1 points and 3.9 rebounds per game in 2003, and 24.7 points, 5.5 rebounds and 2.6 assists per game in 2004. To cap off a successful 2004 SEABL season, Newley earned All-Eastern Conference first team honours and won the East Men's Australian Under-23 Youth Player of the Year award.
Professional career
Townsville Crocodiles (2004–2007)
Following the 2004 SEABL season, Newley joined the Townsville Crocodiles of the National Basketball League (NBL). In the 2004–05 season, he was the MVP of the league's All-Star Game and earned Rookie of the Year and Best Sixth Man honours, becoming the first player in league history to win both awards. In 35 games, he averaged 16.0 points, 3.3 rebounds and 1.9 assists per game.
During the 2005 off-season, Newley re-joined the Forestville Eagles of the Central ABL. In six games, he averaged 24.3 points, 9.8 rebounds and 4.0 assists per game.
In the 2005–06 season, Newley averaged 19.3 points, 5.1 rebounds and 4.3 assists in 32 games for the Crocodiles.
After originally declaring for the 2006 NBA draft, Newley later withdrew his name and returned to the Crocodiles for the 2006–07 NBL season. He played in the 2006–07 NBL All-Star Game and was named to the All-NBL Second Team. In 35 games, he averaged 22.1 points, 5.2 rebounds and 3.2 assists per game.
In April 2007, Newley agreed to sign a two-year deal with the Adelaide 36ers.
2007 NBA draft and Summer League
On 28 June 2007, Newley was selected with the 54th overall pick in the 2007 NBA draft by the Houston Rockets. He played for the Rockets in the NBA Summer League, where he averaged 3.3 points, 3.0 rebounds and 1.0 assists in three games with one start.
Panionios and Panellinios (2007–2009)
In August 2007, Newley signed with Panionios for the 2007–08 Greek Basket League season. In just his fourth league game, he scored 32 points, on 12-of-12 shooting, in a win over AEK Athens. By making 8-of-8 three-pointers in the game, he set a new record in the Greek Basket League competition. He was later named to the 2008 Greek League All-Star game. In 26 regular season games in the Greek League, he averaged 10.8 points, 3.5 rebounds, 1.0 assists and 1.3 steals per game, before averaging 8.3 points, 2.6 rebounds, 1.1 assists and 0.9 steals in 12 playoff games.
On 16 July 2008, Newley signed with Panellinios for the 2008–09 Greek Basket League season. In 26 regular season games in the Greek League, he averaged 11.0 points, 4.3 rebounds, 0.8 assists and 1.0 steals per game, before averaging 6.0 points and 5.5 rebounds in two playoff games.
Following the 2008–09 season, Newley once again played for the Houston Rockets in the NBA Summer League, where he averaged 6.8 points and 2.6 rebounds in five games with three starts.
Turkey and Lithuania (2009–2012)
On 21 July 2009, Newley signed with Beşiktaş of the Turkish Basketball Super League for the 2009–10 season.
On 28 May 2010, Newley signed a two-year deal with Lietuvos rytas of the Lithuanian Basketball League.
Spain (2012–2016)
In January 2012, Newley left Lietuvos rytas and signed with Spanish club Valencia of the Liga ACB for the rest of the 2011–12 season.
On 9 August 2012, Newley signed with Spanish club Gran Canaria for the 2012–13 ACB season. He re-signed with Canaria in 2013, 2014 and 2015.
In the 2014–15 season, Newley averaged 10.3 points, 3.5 rebounds, 0.8 assists and 1.1 steals per game, in 32 games played in the Spanish League, and 12.0 points, 3.3 rebounds, 1.1 assists, and 1.0 steals per game in the European-wide 2nd-tier level league, the EuroCup, as his team made it to the 2014–15 EuroCup Finals.
Sydney Kings and AEK Athens (2016–2021)
On 8 June 2016, Newley signed a three-year deal with the Sydney Kings of the Australian NBL. On 17 November 2016, he scored a season-high 34 points in a 93–80 loss to the Perth Wildcats. For the 2016–17 season, he was named to the All-NBL Second Team. Following the NBL season, Newley played in Greece for AEK Athens to complete the 2016–17 Greek League season.
Newley returned to the Kings for the 2017–18 NBL season.
On 29 March 2019, Newley re-signed with the Kings on a two-year deal. In the 2019–20 NBL season, the Kings won the minor premiership with a first-place finish and a 20–8 record and played in the NBL Grand Final series, where they lost 2–1 to the Perth Wildcats.
Melbourne United (2021–present)
On 8 July 2021, Newley signed with Melbourne United for the 2021–22 NBL season.
NBA draft rights
In 2017, Newley's NBA draft rights were traded by the Houston Rockets to the Los Angeles Lakers. In 2022, his draft rights were traded by the Lakers to the New York Knicks.
National team career
Newley was a member of the Australian Under-19 junior national team that won the gold medal at the 2003 FIBA Under-19 World Championship in Greece, where he scored 16 points against Lithuania in the final.
Newley made his senior debut with the Australian national basketball team in 2005. He helped the Boomers win gold at the 2006 Commonwealth Games. Additionally, he was selected in the Boomers squad for the 2006 FIBA World Championship. In this tournament, despite limited game time, he averaged 8.2 points, 2.5 rebounds and 1.3 assists per game. Newley was also selected to play in the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics. He averaged 12.7 points per game, shooting at 57% from the field and 45% from three-point range during the Olympics.
Newley later represented Australia at the 2010 FIBA World Championship, the 2012 London Summer Olympics, and the 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup.
Personal life
Newley has one younger sister, Mia, who also plays basketball.
In 2013, Newley and his wife, Brigid, had their first child, a daughter.
References
External links
Brad Newley at sydneykings.com
Brad Newley at euroleague.net
Brad Newley at draftexpress.com
Brad Newley at acb.com
Brad Newley at tblstat.net
Brad Newley's EuroLeague blog
1985 births
Living people
AEK B.C. players
Australian expatriate basketball people in Greece
Australian expatriate basketball people in Lithuania
Australian expatriate basketball people in Spain
Australian expatriate basketball people in Turkey
Australian Institute of Sport basketball players
Australian men's basketball players
Basketball players at the 2006 Commonwealth Games
Basketball players at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Basketball players at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Basketball players at the 2018 Commonwealth Games
Basketball players from South Australia
BC Rytas players
Beşiktaş men's basketball players
CB Gran Canaria players
Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Australia
Commonwealth Games medallists in basketball
Greek Basket League players
Houston Rockets draft picks
Liga ACB players
Melbourne United players
Olympic basketball players of Australia
Panellinios B.C. players
Panionios B.C. players
People educated at Lake Ginninderra College
Shooting guards
Small forwards
Basketball players from Adelaide
Sydney Kings players
Townsville Crocodiles players
Valencia Basket players
2006 FIBA World Championship players
2010 FIBA World Championship players
2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup players
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22429814
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraxanthobasis
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Paraxanthobasis
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Paraxanthobasis is a genus of parasitic flies in the family Tachinidae. There is one described species in Paraxanthobasis, P. tibialis.
References
Further reading
Tachinidae
Monotypic Brachycera genera
Articles created by Qbugbot
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32114931
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddleja%20tubiflora
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Buddleja tubiflora
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Buddleja tubiflora is endemic to much of northern Argentina, southern Paraguay, and southern Brazil, where it grows at the edge of woodlands, thickets, and in old fields, at low elevations. The species was first named and described by George Bentham in 1846.
Description
Buddleja tubiflora grows to < 2 m in height, with the typically lax habit creating a spread of < 3 m. The shrub is chiefly distinguished by its striking orange flowers, the corollas 25 mm long by 6 mm wide at the throat, borne in axillary clusters towards the ends of the branches. The branchlets, like the corolla tubes, are covered in a dense reddish indumentum. The leaves are mostly subsessile, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 8 – 18 cm long by 2 – 6 cm wide, membranaceous, tomentulose above, tomentose below. Pollination is by hummingbirds which feed on the sweet nectar at the base of the corolla. Ploidy: 2n = 38.
Cultivation
Buddleja tubiflora is cultivated in the UK, most if not all specimens derived from a long-lost example grown at the Hanbury Gardens at Mortola, Italy. A specimen is grown under glass as part of the NCCPG national collection at Longstock Park Nursery, near Stockbridge. The shrub can be grown on a south-facing wall in coastal areas of the UK, with added protection against frost, although waterlogging overwinter is considered a greater danger to the plant.
Hardiness: USDA zones 9–10.
References
tubiflora
Flora of Argentina
Flora of Brazil
Flora of Paraguay
Flora of South America
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47366654
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adriatic%20Sea%20of%20Fire
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Adriatic Sea of Fire
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Adriatic Sea of Fire () is a 1968 French-Yugoslav war drama film directed by Alexandre Astruc. It tells the story of the Yugoslav destroyer Zagreb which fights against Italy in 1941, and how some of the crew members try to organise a mutiny to keep fighting when the commander is ordered to surrender.
Cast
Gérard Barray as Michel
Claudine Auger as Mirjana
Antonio Passalia as Serge
Raoul Saint-Yves as Dr Baric
Tatjana Beljakova as Veronica
Relja Bašić as the captain
References
External links
1960s war drama films
1968 films
French films
French war drama films
Yugoslav films
Yugoslav war drama films
Films directed by Alexandre Astruc
Films set in 1941
Films set in the Mediterranean Sea
Films set in Yugoslavia
World War II naval films
1968 drama films
War films set in Partisan Yugoslavia
French World War II films
Yugoslav World War II films
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64637569
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archibald%20Cecil%20Chappelow
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Archibald Cecil Chappelow
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Archibald Cecil "A. C." Chappelow (1886 – 25 September 1976) was British decorator, upholsterer, illustrator, and lecturer, and later in life a fine art consultant. Chappelow received praise for his illustration of the well-received 1921 book Homes of the Past, by William Henry Helm. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts in 1937, and published The Old Home in England AD 1100-1830 in 1953.
Early life, education, and career
Born in Pimlico, London, England, to George and Kate Chappelow, he was the older brother of poet and World War I conscientious objector Eric Chappelow, and a cousin of the suffragist Grace Chappelow. Chappelow followed his father into the home building and decorating profession in the firm of George Chappelow & Son, until the threat of war embroiled England. He was "[k]een to avoid military service at the outbreak of the First World War", and therefore "moved to Denmark, which remained neutral throughout the hostilities". This contrasted with the route taken by Chappelow's brother, Eric, who refused to fight and was jailed in England during the war, stirring the support of several notable figures, and eventually being released to serve in an ambulance unit.
In Denmark, Chappelow became a teacher at the University of Copenhagen, where he taught subjects including a course on antiques restoration. Chappelow returned to London with his family "within six months of the war's end", moving into his father's home in Hampstead and returning to work in his father's firm. Clients of the firm "included the theatres, galleries, restaurants and clubs of London's West End".
Illustration, writing, and other activities
Chappelow illustrated the well-received 1921 book Homes of the Past, by William Henry Helm. Helm referred to Chappelow's work in a 1919 letter to The Times proposing "the selection and preservation some typical houses, each of which shall be an original example of a particular period in our history", stating that he was preparing a book in support of this plan, for which "[m]any pen-and-ink drawings have already been prepared, in illustration of my text, by a very capable artist". The book became a favorite of publisher John Lane, and was described as "profusely illustrated from pen-and-ink drawings by A. C. Chappelow". The book review in The Observer stated: "Not only is this book pleasantly written, but it is much enhanced in attractiveness by the pen-and-ink drawings by Mr. A. C. Chappelow, who has a most affectionate touch for old architecture and furnishing".
Chappelow was a favorite student of British assyriologist Theophilus Pinches, who died in 1934 and "bequeathed much of his large personal collection of cuneiform tablets" to Chappelow. Chappelow was elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts on 10 May 1937. Chappelow also maintained a friendship with Egyptologist Alan Gardiner, with one publication describing Chappelow as "Gardiner's old tennis partner".
In 1953, Chappelow wrote and illustrated a sequel of sorts to Helm's Homes of the Past, titled The Old Home in England AD 1100-1830: A Running Commentary on the Life of the Times, the Home and Its Furniture, which was well-reviewed in Apollo Magazine the following year. In 1956, Chappelow wrote an evaluation of the Isleworth Mona Lisa in Apollo Magazine, supporting the assertions by John R. Eyre in the 1915 book, The Two Mona Lisas that the painting was the work of Leonardo da Vinci and stating that it "deserved recognition as a truly beautiful picture contemporaneous with that in the Louvre". Chappelow found that "the face is superbly painted, and the hands more neatly defined than those in the Louvre painting", and echoing Eyre's contention "that the Isleworth version was painted first, around 1501, whilst the better-known version of an older woman was painted some years later". Also in 1956, Chappelow participated in a forum of the Royal Society of Arts discussing "Beauty in Danger", relating to trends in architecture. In the 1960s, Chappelow used his wealth to finance his son Allan's popular books on George Bernard Shaw.
Personal life and death
During his wartime residency in Denmark, Chappelow met Karen Ragnhild Permin of Hillerød, north of Copenhagen. They married on 17 November 1914, and had two sons, both born in Denmark, Paul and Allan. Paul was born with cerebral palsy, of which Chappelow would write that he "had the misfortune to be injured at birth and is a cripple. His hands are affected somewhat and his speech jerky and his walk somewhat haphazard. He is, however, nice looking, cheerful and healthy and is a great reader and a book grubber".
Chappelow's second son, Allan Chappelow (1919–2006) became a noted English writer and photographer, and was famously murdered in his old age.
Chappelow died in London at the age of 90.
References
External links
Aristide Marre and Isabelle Pinches, from the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, discussing Chappelow
1886 births
1976 deaths
Fellows of the Royal Society of Arts
University of Copenhagen faculty
English illustrators
British writers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WPKR
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WPKR
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WPKR (99.5 FM, "99.5 PKR") is a country music radio station licensed to Omro, Wisconsin, that serves the Oshkosh, Appleton and Fond du Lac areas. It started as a simulcast of Green Bay-based country music station WPCK. Since then it has split off and is its own entity. The station is owned by Cumulus Media. WPKR's studios are located on Washburn Street in Oshkosh (with an auxiliary studio on Victoria Street in Green Bay), while its transmitter is near Rosendale.
History
From 1971 to July 1990, WLKE 1170 kHz (now WFDL) had an FM sister station at 99.3 FM, first known as WLKE-FM, which broadcast an in-house beautiful music format from 1971 to 1976. Then later the call letters were changed to WGGQ ("99Q"). 99Q was an automated station and played Drake-Chenault's top-40 rock format "XT-40" using reel to reel tapes from 1976 to 1981. The call letters were changed back to WLKE-FM from August 1981 to May 1984, and an automated country music was aired. Then, in May 1984, the WGGQ call letters were brought back and "99Q" was once again back on the air using Satellite Music Network's All Hit Radio format (later renamed "The Heat") until July 1990.
The AM and FM then had separate ownership after July 1990, with WGGQ moving to 99.5 MHz and changing its city of license from Waupun to Ripon and later to Omro.
In 1997, an ownership change saw the station's programming being simulcasted on WPCK (104.9 MHz), a station serving the Green Bay area and licensed to Denmark, with both stations utilizing the "Packer Country" branding. Both stations would eventually be acquired by Cumulus Media, who would break off the simulcast in November 2003, with WPCK keeping a country format but adopting its own identity, "Kicks 104.9." WPCK would again be under common ownership with WPKR in 2013 after Clear Channel Communications, which acquired WPCK and four other Green Bay area Cumulus stations in 2009, sold its Green Bay stations back to Cumulus. (Under Clear Channel ownership, Cumulus continued to operate the five stations that Clear Channel acquired, including WPCK.)
In June 2011, WPKR would reunite with WPCK in a simulcast, branded as "99.5 and 104.9 The Wolf," incorporating new and existing elements from both stations. The "Wolf" branding would give way on May 24, 2013, to the new branding of "Nash FM, 99.5 and 104.9;" WPCK and WPKR were two of six Cumulus country stations to adopt the "Nash FM" branding that day, part of Cumulus' plan to nationally expand its multimedia "Nash FM" country branding, which was launched earlier in 2013 at its New York City station, WNSH. Cumulus Media filed for bankruptcy protection in early 2018.
On March 27, 2018, WPCK and three other Cumulus stations (WTOD/Toledo, OH, KJMO/Jefferson City, MO, and WNUQ/Albany, GA) were placed into the Cumulus Reorganization Divestiture Trust for a future sale. Shortly after this, the simulcast between WPCK and WPKR was broken. While both stations retained the country format and "Nash FM" branding, the stations began airing separate programming and separate airstaffs.
Following the sale of WPCK to Educational Media Foundation in October 2019, WPCK would cease operations just before midnight on December 31, 2019, following a farewell message advising listeners to turn to WPKR.
On April 5, 2021, WPKR dropped the "Nash FM" branding and rebranded as "99.5 PKR".
Previous logo
References
External links
WPKR official website
PKR
Country radio stations in the United States
Radio stations established in 1974
Cumulus Media radio stations
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caroline%20Paige
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Caroline Paige
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Flight Lieutenant Caroline Paige (born 1959) was the first transgender officer to serve openly in the UK Armed Forces. Before her transition in 1999, she served in the cold war intercepting Soviet bomber planes, and was involved in the Gulf War and Bosnia Conflict. She switched to Battlefield Helicopters in 1992 and flew several operational tours post-transition, including, Bosnia, Iraq and Afghanistan, before her retirement from the military in November 2014.
Military career
Caroline joined the Royal Air Force (RAF) in 1980 and after completing Navigator Training at RAF Finningley she was posted to Phantom F4s in the Air Defence role at RAF Leuchars.
In 1998 Caroline finally accepted she needed to resolve her lifelong battle with her gender identity and after informing the RAF of her need to transition she was accepted in service as a female officer. Eighteen months later she was publicly 'outed' on the front page of The Sun newspaper (10 August 2000). After a short tour at RAF Innsworth on the Recruiting Policy desk, working on the implementation of ethnic minority recruiting policy, she successfully agreed her return to RAF Benson, to join No 28 (AC) Squadron ready for its reformation as the first Squadron to receive the Merlin HC Mk3 Battlefield Helicopter. Over a five-year period her work was recognised with two Commander Joint Helicopter Command Commendations for 'Exceptional Service' with a 3rd Commendation from the Commander-in-Chief of the Royal Air Force in the Queen's New Year Honours List of 2012. Caroline served in the RAF for thirty-five years and remained flying in thirty-four of them, she completed seventeen operational tours.
Transitioning gender in the military
Following her transition in early 1999 Caroline was influential in promoting transgender equality and inclusion in the UK Armed Forces. Her 2000 public 'outing' by The Sun newspaper led to much criticism of the decision to allow her to remain in the military. Critical voices declared transgender people would be a liability, especially if they were allowed to serve with front-line forces. She determined to help make the military a more inclusive environment for those following in her footsteps. She became an Equality and Diversity Adviser for the military in 2000, trained as a Mentor, became a member of the RAF LGBT Forum and Proud2Serve support groups, and participated as a key note speaker at several military conferences and training events throughout the UK. Her role in the UK Armed Forces earned her a Permanent-Under-Secretary, Ministry of Defence, Peoples Award in 2011.
In 2014 Caroline advised the Palm Center, San Francisco State University, regarding a national commission offering implementation guidance seeking the inclusion of openly serving transgender personnel in the US military. Caroline was invited as a panel member at a conference on 'Perspectives on Transgender Military Service From Around the Globe', held in Washington DC, co-sponsored by the American Civil Liberties Union and the Palm Center. She also co-authored an Op-ed with Petty Officer Landon Wilson for CNN, entitled 'Both Transgender, but Unequal Paths in Military Service' http://cnn.it/12ka78t; and was interviewed on BBC The World Radio http://bit.ly/126yshT. Caroline has enrolled with Stonewall on their School Role Models Programme where she contributes her story to support, educate and inspire people and to illustrate the positive values of respect, diversity and inclusion.
References
1961 births
Living people
Royal Air Force officers
Transgender and transsexual women
Transgender and transsexual military personnel
LGBT people from England
21st-century LGBT people
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54366532
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sainagar%20Shirdi%E2%80%93Pandharpur%20Express
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Sainagar Shirdi–Pandharpur Express
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Sainagar Shirdi – Pandharpur Express is an intercity train of the Indian Railways connecting Sainagar Shirdi in Maharashtra and Pandharpur of in Maharashtra. It is currently being operated with 11001/11002 train numbers on thrice a week basis.
Service
The 11001/Sainagar Shirdi – Pandharpur Express has an average speed of 48 km/hr and covers 349 km in 7 hrs 15 mins. 11002/Pandharpur – Sainagar Shirdi Express has an average speed of 47 km/hr and 349 km in 7 hrs 30 mins.
Route and halts
Belapur
Traction
Both trains are hauled by either a Pune Loco Shed based WDM 3A or Kalyan Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Shirdi to Pandharpur.
Direction Reversal
Train Reverses its direction 2 times:
See also
Karnataka Express
Mumbai CST - Pandharpur Fast Passenger
Sainagar Shirdi-Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus Fast Passenger
Notes
External links
11001 Sainagar Shirdi Pandharpur Express
11002 Pandharpur Sainagar Shirdi Express
11001/Sainagar Shirdi – Pandharpur Express
11002/Pandharpur – Sainagar Shirdi Express
References
Transport in Shirdi
Express trains in India
Rail transport in Maharashtra
Railway services introduced in 2011
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armin%20Emrich
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Armin Emrich
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Armin Emrich (born 16 June 1951) is a former German team handball player, and former head coach for the German women's national handball team. As coach he led the German team to bronze medal in the 2007 World Women's Handball Championship.
References
1951 births
Living people
German male handball players
German handball coaches
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56080774
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katjes%20International
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Katjes International
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Katjes International GmbH & Co. KG, headquartered in Emmerich am Rhein, is part of the Katjes Group, along with its sister company Katjes Fassin GmbH + Co. KG (Katjes Deutschland) and Katjesgreenfood GmbH & Co. KG. The company is focused on investments in the Western European sugar confectionery market.
Katjes International is a strategic investment holding in the Katjes Group. As a strategic investor, the company pursues a long-term "Buy and Hold" approach. As part of this, the subsidiaries remain legally and organisationally independent after the takeover and run by local management.
History
Katjes International pools the investment activities of the Katjes Group in western Europe. In 2010, Katjes International purchased a 50% stake in the Dutch company Festivaldi, which produces the best-selling liquorice product by volume in the Netherlands ("Harlekijntjes"). In 2011, Katjes International took over the confectionery manufacturer Lutti. Lutti is the market leader in the Belgian confectionery market and occupies second place in France. In early 2012, Katjes International acquired the Belgian distributor Continental Sweets Belgium N.V. and, in the same year, also acquired Dallmann & Co., which has since been supplementing the product portfolio in the sage cough candy segment.
With its acquisition of Piasten in September 2014, Katjes International took over the largest producer of dragées and chocolate drops in Germany. Its product portfolio also includes the 'Big Ben' brand. In the previous financial year, Piasten generated net revenues of €91.6 million (as of 30 June 2014). In January 2016, Katjes increased its stake in the Dutch company Festivaldi to 100%. On 9 June 2017, Katjes International announced that it had acquired a stake in Josef Manner & Comp. AG. This was followed on 5 September 2017 by a takeover of the entire brand name business of Cloetta Italia S.r.l. (today called Sperlari S.r.l. again). Founded in 1836 by Enea Sperlari, the company is now the second-largest player in the Italian confectionery market and the market leader in the segment comprising sweets, liquorice, sweeteners and seasonal products.
At the end of August 2018, Katjes International's negotiations with the CPK Group (Carambar & Co. SAS), based in Issy-les-Moulineaux, which was founded by the investment company Eurazeo, began through a merger of the French confectionery activities. The merger was completed on 31 December 2018.
In December 2018 it was announced that the stake of just under 11% in the Halloren chocolate factory was sold to Charlie Investors.
Company
Bastian Fassin owns 90 percent of the company, and Tobias Bachmüller owns the remaining 10 percent. Both are managing shareholders. The general partner of Katjes International GmbH & Co. KG is Xaver Fassin International GmbH.
A new logo was launched in 2011 when the name of the company was changed to Katjes International. The current company logo was introduced in 2019.
Financing
In order to finance further acquisitions and continue its growth strategy, Katjes International issued a corporate bond with a volume of €30 million in July 2011. The bond had a term of five years and a fixed coupon of 7.125% per annum. In March 2012, the corporate bond was increased by a further 50% to a total of €45 million.
In May 2015, Katjes International issued a new corporate bond (2015/2020) with a volume of €60 million and an annual interest rate of 5.5 percent and placed it in full. The 2011/2016 bond was called ahead of term and paid back on 20 July 2015.
On 16 May 2017, the 2015/2020 bond was increased by €35 million.
In April 2019, Katjes International issued a third bond and placed it fully. It has an issue volume of €110 million with an annual interest rate of 4.25 percent and has a term of five years.
Brands
Katjes International and its affiliated companies own brands in various Western European countries.
▪ Piasten (Germany): "Treets", "Schokolinsen", sugar coated products as Schokolinsen and Big Ben
▪ Lutti (France and Belgium): sour fruit gums such as "Surf Fizz", "Bubblizz", "Scoubidou", "Long Fizz", "Arlequin" and many others
▪ Dallmann's (Germany): Dallmanns "Sage cough drops" (the established brand in German pharmacies)
▪ Harlekijntjes (Netherlands): liquorice products of the Harlekijntjes brand
▪ Sperlari (Italy): the best-known brands include Sperlari (fruit gums, sweets, Italian nougat known as 'torrone'), Salia (liquorice), Dietorelle (sugar-free products) and Dietor (sweetener).
▪ CPK (France): The best known brands are "Carambar", "La Pie Qui Chante" and "Krema" as well as the British chocolate brand "Terry's".
▪ Candy Kittens (UK): A high-end gourmet sweet brand based in the United Kingdom.
Awards
Katjes International has won several awards for its strategy and its achievements in the investment market.
External links
References
Confectionery companies
1972 establishments in Germany
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57767315
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie%20Vermeulin
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Marie Vermeulin
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Marie Vermeulin (born 22 November 1983) is a French classical pianist.
Biography
Born in Courcouronnes, Vermeulin began her piano studies with Jacqueline Dussol, then with Marie-Paule Siruguet at the , before continuing them from 2001 to 2004 at the Conservatoire national supérieur musique et danse de Lyon, where she was a student of Hortense Cartier-Bresson and Edson Elias. At the same time, she studied for four years with Lazar Berman in Florence, then at the Accademia Pianistica Internazionale Imola. She finally perfected her skills with Roger Muraro.
She won the first Grand Prize of the International Music Tournament in December 2004 (by vote of the Jury and the Public), the Second Grand Prize and Youngest Finalist Award at the Maria Canals International Music Competition in Barcelona in May 2006, and Second Grand Prize at the Olivier Messiaen Competition in December 2007. In November 2014 she won the Prix d'interprétation at the Simone and Cino Del Duca foundation awarded by the Académie des beaux-arts.
She has performed in many large venues as well in Paris (Cité de la musique, Petit Palais, Opéra Bastille, Auditorium of the Musée d'Orsay, Salle Cortot, Jardin des Serres d'Auteuil, Théâtre des Bouffes du Nord) as in other major French cities. She has also given numerous concerts abroad. She alternates solo piano recitals, chamber music, and concertos. She played notably under the baton of Pierre Boulez, Sir Paul Goodwin, Pavel Berman, Eric Geneste, Claire Levacher, Debora Waldman and Salvador Brotons. She is regularly involved in contemporary creation.
Discography
Olivier Messiaen: Vocalise-Étude for soprano and piano (Marie Vermeulin and Nathalie Manfrino), Universal, 2008
Messiaen: Fantasy for violon and piano (Marie Vermeulin and Daniel Hope), Universal, 2008
Messiaen's Préludes, Vingt Regards sur l'enfant-Jésus & Petites esquisses d'oiseaux (Marie Vermeulin), Paraty 612118, 2013
Debussy's Pour le piano; Estampes; Études, Livres I et II (Marie Vermeulin), Collection Le Printemps des Arts de Monte-Carlo, 2016.
References
External links
Marie Vermeulin's Official website
Biography
Ravel: Sonata n°2 for violin and piano, by Elsa Grether and Marie Vermeulin (YouTube)
1983 births
Living people
People from Essonne
21st-century French women classical pianists
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samaila%20Suleiman
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Samaila Suleiman
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Samaila Suleiman (born February 3, 1981) is the Member of the House of Representatives of Nigeria. He is an All Progressive Congress (APC) member representing Kaduna North Federal Constituency of Kaduna State.
Early life and education
Born in Kaduna State, Nigeria, in 1981 from a Hausa political dynasty. Suleiman is a son of Alhaji Abdu Suleiman who was an elder statesmen and a prominent politician. His father was considered by many as a highly influential person that takes part in most political decisions in Kaduna State.
Suleiman attended Kaduna Capital School where he obtained his primary education in 1988-1993 and secondary school certificate in 1994-1999. He joined Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, where he obtained a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering in 2001-2004 and later Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria for a master's degree in International Affairs & Diplomacy in 2008-2009.
Civil career
Having successfully obtained his bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering in 2004, Suleiman moved to work with Kaduna Refinery between 2005-2006, and later did a transfer of service to Nigeria LNG between 2007-2008, Energy Commission of Nigeria in 2009-2010 and later resigned to join politics.
Political career
Suleiman was first elected into the public office as a local government chairman from Kaduna North in Kaduna State under the defunct Congress for Progressive Change (CPC) in 2008. He was the only politician to have won local government election under the CPC having shared the same constituency with the then vice president of Nigeria from the then ruling party People's Democratic Party (PDP).
In 2015, Suleiman was first elected into the Lower Chamber of the House of Representatives of Nigeria. He replaced the immediate past Deputy Minority Whip of the House of Representatives, Hon. Garba Mohammed Datti to become the 8th National Assembly's 2nd Chairman of the House Committee on Solid Minerals after his rejection of the chairmanship of the committee offered to him by the Speaker Yakubu Dogara's led administration.
References
Members of the House of Representatives (Nigeria)
Politicians from Kaduna State
Living people
1981 births
All Progressives Congress politicians
Nigerian Muslims
Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University alumni
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Warrior%20and%20the%20Sorceress
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The Warrior and the Sorceress
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The Warrior and the Sorceress is a 1984 Argentine-American fantasy action film directed by John C. Broderick and starring David Carradine, María Socas and Luke Askew. It was written by Broderick (story and screenplay) and William Stout (story).
The Warrior and the Sorceress is a version of the classic Kurosawa film Yojimbo. The film is noted chiefly for containing extensive nudity and violence and for being one of the more extreme examples of the sword-and-sorcery genre. It is also considered by some to be a cult classic.
The Warrior and the Sorceress was the second entry in a series of ten films that Roger Corman produced in Argentina during the 1980s, the first one being Deathstalker.
Synopsis
In a distant galaxy lies the desert planet of Ura, which has two suns. There, two rival warlords, Zeg and Bal Caz, constantly fight against each other in a battle over the village's only wellspring. The mercenary warrior Kain emerges and announces that his skills are for hire to the highest bidder. Naja, a beautiful sorceress that has been taken captive by Zeg, changes Kain's original purpose of taking the well for himself to saving Naja and the village people. Kain starts to tangle the situation, taking advantage of the ongoing feud while seeking to debilitate the rival warlords and defeat them.
Cast
David Carradine ... Kain the Warrior
María Socas ... Naja the Sorceress
Luke Askew ... Zeg the Tyrant
Anthony De Longis ... Kief, Zeg's Captain (as Anthony DeLongis)
Harry Townes ... Bludge the Prelate
Guillermo Marín ... Bal Caz (as William Marin)
Armando Capo ... Burgo the Slaver (as Arthur Clark)
Daniel March ... Blather, Bal Caz's Fool
John Overby ... Gabble, Bal Caz's Fool
Richard Paley ... Scar-face
Marcos Woinski ... Burgo's Captain (as Mark Welles)
Cecilia Narova ... Exotic Dancer (as Cecilia North)
Dylan Willias ... Zeg's Guard
José Casanova ... Zeg's Guard (as Joe Cass)
Miguel Zavaleta ... Zeg's Guard (as Michael Zane)
Herman Cass ... Zeg's Guard
Arturo Noal ... Zeg's Guard (as Arthur Neal)
Hernán Gené ... Zeg's Guard (as Herman Gere)
Gus Parker ... Zeg's Guard
Ned Ivers ... Slave
Liliana Cameroni ... Zeg's Drowned Slave (as Lillian Cameron)
Eva Adanaylo ... Woman at Well (as Eve Adams)
Noëlle Balfour ... (uncredited)
Production
The film was originally known as Kain of the Desert Planet. Corman developed it for Millennium Pictures, the company he formed after he sold New World Pictures. Millennium was subsequently renamed "New Horizons".
The exterior shots were made in Ischigualasto Provincial Park in San Juan, also known as Valle de la Luna ("Valley of the Moon", due to its otherworldly appearance). Most of the film was shot inside Estudios Baires Film S.A. and Campo de Mayo, in Buenos Aires Province.
Before production started and during an argument with his girlfriend, David Carradine punched a wall and fractured his right hand. To conceal the plaster for the hand, Carradine used a pointed black glove on his right arm while filming. As a result Carradine, who was right-handed, was trained by Anthony De Longis (who was the action and stunts coordinator, and also played the villain Kief) to learn swordfighting with his left hand; in Carradine's memoirs the actor states he broke his hand three days into filming, but he doesn't say how.
The outfit that Carradine uses for his character of Kain is the same he wore for the B movie/post-apocalyptic action film Dune Warriors (1991). In a rather obvious coincidence, Luke Askew again played the antagonist/villain role in the latter film.
Carradine says the director "was obsessed by the body of the actress who played the priestess [María Socas] so he costumed her in a topless outfit. Everywhere you looked there was this barebreasted woman."
Carradine liked the movie because of its sword play and the fighting style he helped design but says "don't expect a great movie" because the director quit during editing after a fight with Corman (which erupted because he had gone two weeks over schedule), meaning the editing was finished by two teams in two different countries. "It's a little uneven", said Carradine of the film.
Similarities with Yojimbo
According to David Carradine's book Spirit of Shaolin, it was clear before production started that the film was going to be a version of Akira Kurosawa's 1961 Samurai film Yojimbo, and Carradine talked about it with executive producer Roger Corman:
The Warrior and the Sorceress) was essentially a remake of Yojimbo, the samurai movie by the great Japanese director, Akira Kurosawa. I called up Roger and told him I loved the script; but what about the Yojimbo factor. Roger said, "Yes, it is rather like Yojimbo." I said, "It's not like Yojimbo. It is Yojimbo." Roger said, "Let me tell you a story. When Fistful of Dollars opened in Tokyo, Kurosawa's friends called him up and said 'You must see this picture.' Kurosawa said, 'Yes, I understand it is rather like Yojimbo.' 'No, it's not like Yojimbo, it is Yojimbo. You have to sue these people.' 'I can't sue them', he responded. 'Why not?' 'Because' -Kurosawa confessed-, 'Yojimbo is Dashiell Hammett's Red Harvest.'" I went for it.
The story however appears to be apocryphal, as Kurosawa and Toho Studios did in fact successfully sue Sergio Leone.
Reception
The Philadelphia Inquirer called it "an unashamedly sordid rehashing - and retrashing - of Akira Kurosawa's samurai classic Yojimbo, via Sergio Leone's A Fistful of Dollars, with a little Star Wars and Conan the Barbarian tossed in for good measure."
The Los Angeles Times also noted the similarities to Yojimbo and said the film had "awkward action, a general air of determined viciousness and (Carradine excepted) so much overacting that it sometimes seems that a new dramatic style is being forged."
Footage of the film later turned up in Wizards of the Lost Kingdom II.
References
Sources
External links
1984 films
1980s fantasy films
Argentine films
American films
English-language Argentine films
English-language films
American sword and sorcery films
American remakes of Japanese films
Argentine fantasy films
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mizu%20no%20Hoshi%20e%20Ai%20wo%20Komete
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Mizu no Hoshi e Ai wo Komete
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is the debut single by Japanese singer Hiroko Moriguchi, released on August 7, 1985 under Starchild Records. The song was written by Neil Sedaka and Masao Urino, based on Sedaka's unreleased song "For Us to Decide". It is best known as the second opening theme of the 1985 mecha anime series Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam. The single peaked at No. 16 on Oricon's singles charts, making it Moriguchi's biggest single at the time until "Eternal Wind" charted at No. 9 in 1991.
In 2018, the song was ranked No. 1 on NHK's . Moriguchi re-recorded the song for the 2019 album Gundam Song Covers. "Gin'iro Dress", the B-side, was ranked No. 2 on a 2020 poll hosted by King Records and was re-recorded by Moriguchi for the album Gundam Song Covers 2. An a cappella version of "Mizu no Hoshi e Ai wo Komete" was recorded for her 2021 album Aoi Inochi featuring 35 tracks of her voice. Moriguchi recorded another version of the song as part of the "Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam Medley" (alongside Mami Ayukawa's "Zeta - Toki wo Koete") on her 2022 album Gundam Song Covers 3.
Track listing
All music is arranged by Kōji Makaino.
Chart position
Cover versions
Hiroshi Kumagai covered the song in the 1999 live album Mobile Suit Gundam Concert Special Live.
Ikurō Fujiwara covered the song in the 2002 compilation album Eternal Love: Animation Healing Music 1.
Yoko Ishida covered the song in the 2003 compilation album Best Max: The Power of New Animation Songs.
Richie Kotzen recorded an English-language cover of the song titled "Blue Star" in his 2006 cover album Ai Senshi Z×R.
Mikuni Shimokawa covered the song in her 2007 compilation Reprise: Shimokawa Mikuni Anison Best.
MIQ covered the song in the 2007 compilation album The Best!! Super Robot Spirits -Girls Best Collection-.
Chihiro Yonekura covered the song in her 2008 cover album Ever After.
Yuko Suzuhana covered the song in her 2016 solo debut album Cradle of Eternity.
Russian group Max Lux covered the song in their 2016 cover album Suna no Kajitsu: Fujiyama Paradise Tribute.
Sugizo feat. KOM_I (Wednesday Campanella) covered the song to be the second opening theme of 2019's Mobile Suit Gundam: The Origin - Advent of the Red Comet.
References
External links
1985 debut singles
1985 songs
Hiroko Moriguchi songs
Anime songs
Japanese-language songs
Songs with lyrics by Masao Urino
Songs written by Neil Sedaka
King Records (Japan) singles
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27766967
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk%20%28album%29
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Milk (album)
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Milk is an album by Hawksley Workman, released in 2010.
Unlike his album Meat, which was released in traditional album format on January 19, 2010, Milk was planned for release as a series of digital singles, made available for sale through iTunes and Workman's own website; however, the entire album was erroneously released to iTunes' United States store, but not its Canadian store, in January 2010. The album was officially released in CD format in Canada on August 10, 2010.
Track listing
Animal Behaviour
Who Do They Kiss
Google Jesus
Devastating
We Dance to Yesterday
Robot Heart
Suicidekick (featuring Tosha Dash of Candy Coated Killahz)
Warhol's Portrait of Gretzky
Stay Drunk and Keep Fucking
Snow Angel
Some People (featuring Shad)
Wayside
Bonus tracks:
Not Your Parents' Music
Chemical
References
Hawksley Workman albums
2010 albums
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50428113
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balcancar%20record
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Balcancar record
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"Balkancar-Record" () is a Bulgarian machinery construction factory, located in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The company is the biggest manufacturer of forklift trucks in the country.
The factory was an important unit in the manufacturing of end products (electrocars and forklifts) in the state economic union "Balkancar", which throughout the 1970s and 1980s was one of the largest manufacturers of forklifts and electrocars in the world.
History
"Balkancar-Record" was a part of Balkancar, which was among the biggest machine-building factories in the People's Republic of Bulgaria.
In 1950 in Plovdiv the Automobile manufacturing plant "Vasil Kolarov" was founded, where cars were assembled from manufacturers like Renault. The production of forklifts began in 1965. In 1980 100 000 forklifts were produced. The first electric platform of the company was produced in 1951.
External links
Official webpage
Official webpage of Balkancar
References
Car manufacturers of Bulgaria
Truck manufacturers of Bulgaria
Bulgarian brands
Forklift truck manufacturers
Organizations based in Plovdiv
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42362197
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplify%20%28distributor%29
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Amplify (distributor)
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Amplify is an American independent film distributor founded in 2014. The company is the result of a merger between distributors GoDigital and Variance Films.
Amplify releases seven to ten films per year across major platforms. Variance Films and GoDigital will continue to operate as divisions of Amplify, merging digital rights and distribution automation processing under GoDigital's corporate sister, ContentBridge.
In 2015, GoDigital acquired the self-distribution platform Distribber.
Selected films
References
American companies established in 2014
Film distributors of the United States
Video on demand services
2014 establishments in New York City
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1917615
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PAS-22
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PAS-22
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AsiaSat 3, previously known as HGS-1 and then PAS-22, was a geosynchronous communications satellite, which was salvaged from an unusable geosynchronous transfer orbit (GTO) by means of the Moon's gravity.
Launch of AsiaSat 3
AsiaSat 3 was launched for AsiaSat of Hong Kong to provide communications and television services in Asia by a Proton-K / DM-2M launch vehicle on 24 December 1997, destined for an orbital position at 105.5° East. However, a failure of the Blok DM-2M fourth stage left it stranded in a highly inclined (51.6°) and elliptical orbit, although still fully functional. It was declared a total loss by its insurers.
HGS-1
The satellite was transferred to Hughes Global Services Inc., which was then a subsidiary of Hughes Space and Communications, with an agreement to share any profits with the consortium of 27 insurers.
Edward Belbruno and Rex Ridenoure heard about the problem and proposed a 3–5 month low-energy transfer trajectory that would swing past the Moon and leave the satellite in geostationary orbit around the Earth. Hughes had no ability to track the satellite at such a distance and considered this trajectory concept unworkable. Instead, Hughes used an Apollo-style free-return trajectory that required only a few days to complete, a trajectory designed and subsequently patented by Hughes Chief Technologist Jerry Salvatore. This maneuver removed only 40° of orbital inclination and left the satellite in a geosynchronous orbit, whereas the Belbruno maneuver would have removed all 51° of inclination and left it in geostationary orbit.
Although Hughes did not end up using the low-energy transfer trajectory, the insight to use a lunar swingby was key to the spacecraft rescue. According to Cesar Ocampo, Hughes had not considered this option until it was contacted by Ridenoure, although the Hughes engineers involved in the lunar flyby operations have stated that they were already working on the lunar swingby mission design before being contacted by him.
Rescue of satellite
Using on-board propellant and lunar gravity, the orbit's apogee was gradually increased with several manoeuvres at perigee until it flew by the Moon at a distance of 6,200 km from its surface in May 1998, becoming in a sense the first commercial lunar spacecraft. Another lunar fly-by was performed later that month (6 June 1998) at a distance of 34,300 km to further improve the orbital inclination.
These operations consumed most of the satellite's propellant, but still much less than it would take to remove the inclination without the Moon-assist manoeuvres. With the remaining fuel, the satellite could be controlled as a geosynchronous satellite, with half the life of a normal satellite – a huge gain, considering that it had been declared a total loss. The satellite was then maneuvered to geosynchronous orbit at 158° West.
Once the satellite was in a stable orbit, it was commanded to release its solar panels, which had been stowed during takeoff and maneuvering. Of the satellite's two solar panels, only one released, and it became apparent that a tether was not operating correctly onboard, which engineers attributed to heating and cooling cycles due to the satellite operating outside its design range while traveling to its final orbit.
PAS-22
In April 1999, Hughes filled to request authorization to operate the satellite at 60° West in C-band and in Ku-band. In 1999, HGS-1 was acquired by PanAmSat, and renamed as PAS-22, and moved to 60° West. It was deactivated in July 2002 and moved to a graveyard orbit.
See also
AMC-14
References
External links
Satellites using the BSS-601 bus
Communications satellites in geostationary orbit
Missions to the Moon
Partial satellite launch failures
Spacecraft launched in 1997
AsiaSat satellites
Spacecraft launched by Proton rockets
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5104774
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System%20X
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System X
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X System or System X may refer to:
System X
IBM System x, server platform
System X (album)
System X (supercomputer), supercomputer
System X (telephony), digital switching platform
X System
X-sistemo in Esperanto orthography
SIGSALY, secure voice transmission system; sometimes called "X System"
Taito X System, arcade system board
X Window System
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26512673
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir%20Edward%20Turner%2C%201st%20Baronet
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Sir Edward Turner, 1st Baronet
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Sir Edward Turner, 1st Baronet (1691 – 1735) was an 18th-century investor, landowner and baronet.
He was born in London the son of John Turner, a well-to-do London merchant (d. 1708) and educated at Bicester Grammar School. Like his father, he became a merchant in London, a Director and sometime Chairman of the East India Company. He served a year as the High Sheriff of Oxfordshire in 1732.
In 1718 he married Mary Page, the daughter of Sir Gregory Page, 1st Baronet, who was a "merchant prince" with great wealth from the British East India Company. Both Turner and his father-in-law invested in the South Sea Company, but when the company's stock had risen in price in the South Sea Bubble, they sold their shareholdings at a profit before the price crashed in 1720.
Both men then invested their increased wealth in land. Turner bought two manors in Oxfordshire from Sir Stephen Glynne, 3rd Baronet: one of the manors of Bicester in 1728 and then the manor of Ambrosden in 1729.
Turner was made 1st Baronet of Ambrosden in 1733. He died in 1735 and was succeeded by his son Sir Edward Turner, 2nd Baronet.
References
Sources
1691 births
1735 deaths
Baronets in the Baronetage of Great Britain
High Sheriffs of Oxfordshire
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38371143
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ge%27ez%20Braille
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Ge'ez Braille
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Ge'ez Braille is the braille alphabet for all Ethiopic languages. Letter values are mostly in line with international usage.
Alphabet
Ge'ez Braille is a consonant–vowel alphabet, not an abugida like the print Ge'ez script. However, because the alphabetic chart (right) is organized by syllable rather than by letter, the vowels, which do not occur alone, are given first in the chart below, then the consonants are listed in Ge'ez order.
The syllabic chart at right shows a blank cell being used for the vowel . This is perhaps an artefact of the presentation; UNESCO (2013) shows it as a zero vowel that is simply not written.
is not the default vowel in print Amharic, which is instead (braille ). For example, el + vowel is written ለ lä, ሉ lu, ሊ li, ላ la, ሌ le, ል lə, ሎ lo, ሏ lwa.
CwV and CyV other than Cwa are written with medial w and y: ገ gä, ጉ gu, ጊ gi, ጋ ga, ጌ ge, ግ gə, ጎ go, ጐ gwä, ጒ gwi, ጓ gwa, ጔ gwe, ጕ gwə. Note that Cwə is written as if it were Cwu, a sequence which does not occur in Ethiopic languages.
Numbers
Ethiopic digits do not follow the international pattern. They are also circumfixed with ... :
The form of 100 suggests that the prefix may occur before each digit, while the suffix occurs only at the end of the number.
Western numbers are marked with as in other braille alphabets.
Punctuation
Native punctuation is as follows:
The last is a 'tonal mark'.
There is also Western punctuation:
References
Ethiopic Braille at Adaptive Technology Center for the Blind, Addis Ababa
French-ordered braille alphabets
Amharic language
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22550575
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongan%20literature
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Tongan literature
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Among the first published works of Tongan literature, in the late 1960s and early 1970s, were 'Epeli Hau'ofa's short stories and Konai Helu Thaman's poetry. Hau'ofa's popular collection of short stories Tales of the Tikongs (1973) was followed by a novel, Kisses in the Nederends, 1987, noted for its satirical style. The emergence of Tongan written literature (as distinct from oral literature) took place in the context of the development of indigenous Pacific Islander literature in the Pacific region as a whole, beginning in the late 1960s.
Sources
"English in the South Pacific", John Lynch and France Mugler, University of the South Pacific
Tonga
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26656330
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty%20of%20Vilnius%20%281559%29
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Treaty of Vilnius (1559)
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The Treaty of Vilnius or Vilna was a treaty signed at Vilnius on 31 August 1559 (during the Livonian War) between the Livonian Order and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Gotthard von Kettler, the Master of the Livonian Order, put its lands under the protection of Sigismund II Augustus, the King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania. While the alliance was intended to neutralize Russia's threat to annex the Order's lands and earned military support from Grand Lithuanian Chancellor Mikołaj "the Black" Radziwiłł, Kettler was ultimately unable to prevent Russian forces from occupying most of Livonia. Thus, Kettler signed a second treaty with Poland-Lithuania on 28 November 1561, transferring the remnants of the Teutonic Order State to the Polish Crown and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, himself becoming a vassal of Sigismund II Augustus.
References
Livonian War
1559 treaties
Vilnius (1559)
Vilnius (1559)
1559 in Europe
1550s in Poland
1559 in Lithuania
16th century in Vilnius
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51121600
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue%20Anchor%20Line
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Blue Anchor Line
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Lund's Blue Anchor Line was a shipping company operating between the United Kingdom, South Africa and Australia between 1870 and 1910.
The owners of this shipping company in later years were Messrs. W. Lund and Sons.
The Blue Anchor Line was founded in London by Wilhelm Lund (b. Denmark 1837, d. Kent, 1928) in 1869. His two sons were Albert Edward Lund and Friedrich Wilhelm Lund, who was also called Frederick Lund, and is also recorded as F.W. Lund Jr. ( his grandfather, also a ship-owner, was also called Wilhelm Lund). An "H. Lund" also appears in relation to the business.
Originally sailing ships were used. Between 1880 and 1890, sailing ships were replaced by steamers.
Ships operated by this company include Waratah, Commonwealth, Bungaree, Geelong, Wilcannia, Narrung, and Wakool.
The disappearance of the Waratah near Durban in 1909 resulted in the commercial failure of the company. Its ships were sold to P&O, and it was wound up in 1910.
An inquiry was held in London to investigate the disappearance of the Waratah, and F.W.Lund Jr., who gave evidence at the inquiry on behalf of the owners, was described in some newspaper reports as the chairman of directors of the company, although it appears to have actually been a partnership, in which Wilhelm Lund was still the senior partner.
The wreck of the Waratah has never been found, and the cause of its loss remains inconclusive and still attracts controversy. Despite this setback, Wilhelm Lund and F.W. Lund continued to be respectable businessmen.
References
External links
Defunct shipping companies of the United Kingdom
Transport companies disestablished in 1910
Transport companies established in 1869
1869 establishments in England
1910 disestablishments in England
British companies disestablished in 1910
British companies established in 1869
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299219
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mervyn%20Tuchet%2C%202nd%20Earl%20of%20Castlehaven
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Mervyn Tuchet, 2nd Earl of Castlehaven
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Mervyn Tuchet, 2nd Earl of Castlehaven (1593 – 14 May 1631; also spelled Mervin, Touchet), was an English nobleman who was convicted of rape and sodomy and subsequently executed. He is the only member of parliament to be executed for a non-political crime.
A son of George Tuchet, 1st Earl of Castlehaven and 11th Baron Audley, by his wife, Lucy Mervyn, he was known by the courtesy title of Lord Audley during his father's lifetime, so is sometimes referred to as Mervyn Audley.
He was knighted by James I in 1608, before he studied law at the Middle Temple. He served as Member of the Parliament of England for Dorset in the Addled Parliament of 1614 and was a Justice of the Peace for the counties of Dorset, Somerset, and Wiltshire. He succeeded his father on 20 February 1616 or 1617 as Earl of Castlehaven and Baron Audley. He left six children upon his death.
Sometime before 1608 (records of the marriage are lacking), Lord Audley married Elizabeth Barnham, a sister-in-law of the philosopher and scientist Francis Bacon, and with her he had six children. By all accounts the marriage was a loving and successful one, ending with her death in 1622. His second marriage, on 22 July 1624, at Harefield, Middlesex, was to the former Lady Anne Stanley (1580–1647), elder daughter and co-heiress of Ferdinando Stanley, 5th Earl of Derby (by his wife, Alice Spencer), and widow of Grey Brydges, 5th Baron Chandos. They had a daughter, Anne Touchet, who died young. Lady Anne was significantly older than Castlehaven, and the marriage was not a success, but in 1628 Lord Castlehaven's son was married to her thirteen-year-old daughter, Elizabeth; a marriage of step-children.
Trial on charges of rape and sodomy
In 1630, Castlehaven was publicly accused of raping his wife and committing sodomy with two of his servants. Castlehaven's son, James, claimed that it was the extent of Castlehaven's "uxoriousness" toward his male favourites which led to his initial lodging of a complaint.
At a trial by his peers, it was stated that one such favourite, Henry Skipwith, had arrived at Fonthill Gifford in 1621 and that within a few years he was so close to Castlehaven that he sat at the family's table and was to be addressed as "Mister Skipwith" by the servants. Several years later, Giles Broadway arrived at the house and received similar treatment. It was not long before Castlehaven was providing Skipwith with an annual pension, and he was accused of attempting to have Skipwith inseminate his daughter-in-law, to produce an heir from Skipwith instead of his son. In fact, the countess and Skipwith had an adulterous relationship.
Charges were brought against Castlehaven on the complaint of his eldest son and heir, who feared disinheritance, and were heard by the Privy Council under the direction of Thomas Coventry, Lord High Steward. Lady Castlehaven gave evidence of a household which she said was infested with debauchery, and the Attorney-General acting for the prosecution explained to the court that Castlehaven had become ill because "he believed not God", an impiety which made Castlehaven unsafe. However, he insisted he was not guilty and that his wife and son had conspired together in an attempt to commit judicial murder. All witnesses against Castlehaven would gain materially by his death (as the defendant put it: "It is my estate, my Lords, that does accuse me this day, and nothing else") and "News writers throughout England and as far away as Massachusetts Bay speculated about the outcome."
Castlehaven maintained his innocence, and the trial aroused considerable public debate. After some deliberation the Privy Council returned a unanimous verdict of guilty on the charge of rape. The sodomy charge was also upheld, but by a slim margin as not all jurors agreed that actual penetration had taken place. The case remains of interest to some as an early trial concerning male homosexuality, but ultimately its greatest influence proved to be as a precedent in spousal rights, as it became the leading case establishing an injured wife's right to testify against her husband.
Castlehaven was convicted, attainted, and three weeks later beheaded on Tower Hill for his sexual crimes: namely the "unnatural crime" of sodomy, committed with his page Laurence (or Florence) FitzPatrick, who confessed to the crime and was executed; and assisting Giles Browning (alias Broadway), who was also executed, in the rape of his wife Anne, Countess of Castlehaven, in which Lord Castlehaven was found to have participated by restraining her.
The page who was executed, Laurence FitzPatrick, testified that Lady Castlehaven "was the wickedest woman in the world, and had more to answer for than any woman that lived". In The Complete Peerage, Cokayne adds that the death of Castlehaven was certainly brought about by his wife's manipulations and that her undoubted adultery with one Ampthill and with Henry Skipwith renders her motives suspicious. According to the historian Cynthia B. Herrup, Anne was the equal of Lord Castlehaven in immorality.
Under the terms of the attainder, Castlehaven forfeited his English barony of Audley, created for heirs general, but retained his Irish earldom and barony since it was an entailed honour protected by the statute De Donis. When he was beheaded on Tower Hill on 14 May 1631, those Irish titles passed to his son James.
Children
Mervyn Touchet's first marriage (before 1608) was with Elizabeth Barnham (1592 – c. 1622–4), daughter of London alderman Benedict Barnham and his wife, Dorothea Smith, and they had six surviving children:
James Tuchet, 3rd Earl of Castlehaven (1612–1684), who married Elizabeth Brydges (1614 or 1615 – 1679), daughter of his stepmother, but left no surviving children
Lady Frances Touchet (born 1617)
Hon. George Touchet (died ), who became a Benedictine monk
Mervyn Tuchet, 4th Earl of Castlehaven (died 1686)
Lady Lucy Touchet (died 1662)
Lady Dorothy Touchet (died 1635)
His second marriage was with Lady Anne Stanley, 22 July 1624, daughter of Ferdinando Stanley and Alice Spencer. From this marriage there was one daughter:
Anne Touchet, died young.
References
Rictor Norton, "The Trial of Mervyn Touchet, Earl of Castlehaven, 1631", The Great Queens of History. Updated 8 August 2009
1593 births
1631 deaths
12
02
Executed politicians
People convicted under a bill of attainder
Executions at the Tower of London
Executed English people
People executed for sodomy
Sex scandals
People executed by Stuart England by decapitation
Members of the Middle Temple
English politicians convicted of crimes
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25696612
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potter%20Stewart%20United%20States%20Courthouse
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Potter Stewart United States Courthouse
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The Potter Stewart United States Courthouse is a courthouse and federal building of the United States government located in Cincinnati, Ohio, and housing the headquarters of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio and the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. Completed in 1938, it was renamed for Supreme Court Justice Potter Stewart in 1994. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.
History
The building was designed and constructed in response to the demand for suitable and adequate quarters for the growing services of the Federal Government in Cincinnati. The previous Federal building on the site, completed in 1885, had become too small. Construction was begun on November 30, 1936, and when dedicated in January 1939, the building housed 51 agencies of the Federal Government.
Previous courthouse
The existing courthouse was at the time of its construction, Cincinnati's third Federal Building. The site for the first – the southwest corner of Fourth and Vine Streets – was bought in 1851 in response to a general demand in the city that scattered Federal offices be assembled. Construction of that first building took seven years and cost $339,183. Then, after 27 years of use, the site and structure were sold in 1879 for $100,000 to make way for the Merchants' Exchange.
Even before the Government became responsive to the growing city's demand for a larger building and began to take an interest in Fifth Street as a site, the section now embraced by Fountain Square and Government Square had assumed historic importance. Three Presidents – James Monroe, Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams – had visited it. Abraham Lincoln had spoken there. The fountain and esplanade were installed in the early 1870s, becoming leading attractions of the city. It seemed a good place for a Federal Building, then as now. However, business men in the "Bottoms" complained when the move to Fifth Street was proposed. They contended Fifth Street was too far from the business center of the city.
The site for the United States Custom House and Post Office was acquired by condemnation and cost the Government $708,026. The act authorizing construction of a new building was passed by Congress, March 18, 1872, and signed by President Ulysses S. Grant immediately, but it was not until April 1874 that the last of the business houses on the land had been torn down. Excavation for foundations, done entirely by hand labor, required another year. In all, it took 11 years to complete construction. Its cost was $5,088,328.
Current courthouse
Nearly half a century went by, and then again, in the 1930s, the demand arose for suitable and adequate quarters for the growing services of the Federal Government in Cincinnati. The old building, completed in 1885 to house 27 departments, had grown too small. A new building was the answer, although the new structure would technically be smaller than the previous structure. The courthouse, when constructed had where the old building had 7,883,500. However, the working area in the new USPO/Courthouse was as against 240,000 in the old – more than double the working space in a smaller building. Part of the explanation is to be found in the fact that the new building was nine stories, where the old had only five, although the height of the old was virtually the same. The cost of the new courthouse was approximately $3,170,000.
Designed by Treasury Department architects in Washington, Supervising Architect Louis A. Simon, the new building was constructed by Great Lakes Construction Company of Chicago, as the general contractor. Calvin H. Cool, Treasury Department Construction Engineer, was in charge in Cincinnati for the two years of building, with Joseph Areokelan and O.V. Dukes as assistants. Work began November 30, 1936, with the start of demolition.
Architecture
The building is located one block east of Fountain Square in downtown Cincinnati and is bounded on the half-city block by Walnut, East Fifth and Main Streets. These agencies were accommodated in a nine-story extended U-shaped building with its symmetrical long facade facing south onto East Fifth Street. The structural system is steel frame, the floors and roof are reinforced concrete and the exterior walls are clad in limestone set atop a dark granite base. The style is predominately Art Moderne.
The block-long south facade has seventeen fenestration bays as defined by vertical recessed window and spandrel panel openings. Stylized pavilions at the southeast and southwest corners contain two-story glass and aluminum framed entrances. The vertical thrust of the recessed window openings is interrupted by a Greek key belt course at the fourth floor level and terminated by a carved frieze and projecting cornice at the top of the facade. The view of this facade has been compromised by the installation of a pick-up/drop-off hub for the Southwest Ohio Regional Transit Authority's Metro bus system. This block-long facility's 1979 design consisted of a series of concrete, aluminum frame and tinted-glass kiosks of a futuristic appearance. Their location and design seriously detracted from the overall character of the building. A redesigned transit center opened in August 2006.
The half-block east and west elevations, identical to each other, have eight fenestration bays and pairs of one-story entry doors located toward the center of each elevation. The Greek key belt course and carved frieze and cornice continue from the front facade.
The north elevation has a pair of identical three-bay limestone facades on the ends of the east and west wings while the central section of the north elevation is the buff-colored brick light court. The light court rises from the roof of the first floor postal service loading dock up to the roof of the nine-story U-shaped portion.
Typically, the plan of the building is composed of a long corridor running east-west the length of the building. At the southeast and southwest corners of the building, the corridors intersect with the elevator lobbies and above the first floor, turn north to service the east and west wings of floors two through nine. The corridors of the upper floors are generally double-loaded, have tile floors, marble and plaster walls and suspended acoustical tile ceilings. The elevator lobbies have the same finishes and feature the original elevator doors and cabs.
On the interior, significant spaces are found on the first floor in the entry/elevator lobbies at the southeast and southwest corners of the building and their connecting east-west corridor, formerly the postal service lobby. These two-story lobbies and the connecting corridor have tile floors, marble walls and plaster ceilings. Also, historic courtrooms exist on the sixth and eighth floors. Although these two-story rooms have had carpeting and acoustical ceiling tiles installed, the original wood paneling and details, as well as their overall spatial volume, remains intact.
References
External links
Building architecture and history
Federal courthouses in the United States
Buildings and structures in Cincinnati
Government buildings completed in 1938
Post office buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Ohio
National Register of Historic Places in Cincinnati
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2567420
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel%20Bingham
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Samuel Bingham
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Samuel "Sam" Bingham (184516 June 1905) was the Mayor of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada between 1897 and 1898.
He was born in Bytown's Lower Town to Irish Catholic parents in 1845. As a young man, he worked on the log drives on the Gatineau River. With the Gilmour and Edwards lumber companies, he formed the Gatineau Boom Company, which later became part of the Canadian International Paper Company. He was an alderman on the Ottawa City Council from 1880 to 1893. Bingham believed that English speaking citizens of Ottawa should learn French.
In 1905, he drowned in the Gatineau River near Wakefield, Quebec after he fell asleep while returning in a horse-drawn wagon from clearing a log jam on the river.
There is a bust of Bingham by sculptor Hamilton MacCarthy in Notre-Dame Cemetery. In 1893, an attempt to rename the Cummings Bridge over the Rideau River after the former mayor was thwarted by residents of Sandy Hill.
References
Ottawa - The Capital of Canada Shirley E. Woods, Jr. (1980)
Mayors of Ottawa
Canadian people of Irish descent
1845 births
1905 deaths
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52174443
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vampire%20Expert
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Vampire Expert
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Vampire Expert is 1995 Hong Kong television series produced by ATV and starring Lam Ching-ying. The two-season series served as a transition from film to television for the 1980s Hong Kong Chinese vampire film franchise. A third season was planned, but due to the poor health and subsequent death of lead actor Lam Ching-ying, the series was cancelled in 1996.
Synopsis
Taoist priest Mo Siu-fong (Lam Ching-ying) and his apprentice Ma Fan (Yung Kam-cheong) travel to Hong Kong in pursuit of an ancient vampire.
Cast
Lam Ching-ying as Mo Siu-fong
Kingdom Yuen as Zung Gwan
Yung Kam-cheong as Ma Fan (Season 1)
Frankie Lam as Mo's apprentice (Season 2)
Mang Hoi as Mo's apprentice (Season 2)
Development
Following the popularity of various Chinese vampire films in the 1980s, Hong Kong television network ATV World made plans to create a similar television series starring Lam Ching-ying, who was a familiar face in the genre and often typecast. Lam signed on to the film for HK$1 million, and filming started in early 1996.
Number of episodes
References
External links
Vampire Expert Series 1 - iQiyi (Chinese)
Vampire Expert Series 2 - iQiyi (Chinese)
僵尸道长 at Mtime
Vampire Expert Episode Guide
1995 Hong Kong television series debuts
1996 Hong Kong television series endings
1990s Hong Kong television series
Cantonese-language television shows
Asia Television original programming
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18175356
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew%20Nielsen
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Matthew Nielsen
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Matthew Peter Nielsen (born 3 February 1978) is an Australian professional basketball coach and former player who currently serves as an assistant coach for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He served as an assistant coach for the Perth Wildcats of the National Basketball League (NBL) from 2015 to 2019.
Early life
Born and raised in the Sydney suburb of Penrith, Nielsen attended St Marys Senior High School where, three times a week, he needed permission to leave early in order to train with the Sydney Kings as a development player. As a 17-year-old in 1995, Nielsen appeared in two games for the Kings before moving to Canberra in 1996 to attend the Australian Institute of Sport.
Professional career
In 1997, Nielsen returned to the Sydney Kings and won the NBL Rookie of the Year Award. He played a further seven seasons with the Kings and helped the club win championships in 2003 and 2004. In 244 career games for the Kings over nine seasons, he averaged 17.5 points, 8.0 rebounds, 2.6 assists, 1.0 steals and 1.5 blocks per game.
In 2004, Nielsen began a decorated European career playing for PAOK Thessaloniki in Greece, Lietuvos Rytas in Lithuania, Valencia in Spain, Olympiacos Piraeus also in Greece, and Khimki in Russia.
On 10 October 2013, Nielsen was named in the Sydney Kings 25th Anniversary Team.
National team career
Nielsen won the gold medal at the 1997 FIBA Under-21 World Championship with Australia's junior national team. He was also a member of the senior men's Australian national basketball team. With Australia's senior national team, he won gold medals at the 2001 Goodwill Games, the 2003 FIBA Oceanian Championship, and the 2005 FIBA Oceania Championship. He represented Australia at the 2004, 2008 and 2012 Olympics.
Coaching career
Clubs
During the 2013–14 NBL season, Nielsen served as a big-man coach for the Perth Wildcats.
In 2014, Nielsen joined the San Antonio Spurs coaching staff in a player development role, on a contract that ran through to the end of the 2015 NBA Summer League.
On 29 July 2015, Nielsen returned to the Perth Wildcats, signing with the club as an assistant coach ahead of the 2015–16 NBL season. On 10 April 2019, after three championships in four seasons, Nielsen parted ways with the Wildcats in order to pursue coaching opportunities in the United States.
On 5 November 2019, Nielsen was appointed assistant coach of the Austin Spurs of the NBA G League. On 10 November 2020, he was promoted to head coach of the Spurs.
On 8 September 2021, Nielsen was appointed assistant coach of the San Antonio Spurs.
National team
On 8 December 2020, Nielsen was named as assistant coach of the Australian senior men's national team under head coach Brian Goorjian.
EuroLeague career statistics
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2005–06
| style="text-align:left;"| Lietuvos Rytas
| 19 || 13 || 25.8 || .464 || .357 || .703 || 5.2 || 1.7 || 1.1 || .3 || 12.4 || 13.6
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2007–08
| style="text-align:left;"| Lietuvos Rytas
| 13 || 13 || 24.1 || .495 || .250 || .805 || 4.8 || 1.5 || .8 || .5 || 9.9 || 12.2
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2010–11
| style="text-align:left;"| Olympiacos Piraeus
| 14 || 9 || 16.0 || .386 || .143 || .750 || 2.9 || .6 || .6 || .1 || 4.4 || 3.9
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2012–13
| style="text-align:left;"| Khimki
| 15 || 2 || 11.5 || .462 || .000 || .500 || 1.7 || 1.6 || .3 || .3 || 1.7 || 3.1
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
| 61 || 37 || 19.6 || .459 || .261 || .729 || 3.7 || 1.4 || .7 || .3 || 7.4 || 8.5
References
External links
Euroleague.net profile
ACB.com profile
2010 FIBA World Championship profile
1978 births
Living people
Australian expatriate basketball people in Greece
Australian expatriate basketball people in Spain
Australian men's basketball players
Australian Institute of Sport basketball players
Basketball players at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Basketball players at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Basketball players at the 2012 Summer Olympics
BC Khimki players
BC Rytas players
Liga ACB players
Olympiacos B.C. players
Olympic basketball players of Australia
P.A.O.K. BC players
Power forwards (basketball)
Sydney Kings players
Valencia Basket players
2010 FIBA World Championship players
Competitors at the 2001 Goodwill Games
|
41193217
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qadim%20Khan
|
Qadim Khan
|
Qadim Khan (, also Romanized as Qadīm Khān) is a village in Khosrowabad Rural District, Chang Almas District, Bijar County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 170, in 39 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
References
Towns and villages in Bijar County
Kurdish settlements in Kurdistan Province
|
18605255
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumas%20Mountain%20%28British%20Columbia%29
|
Sumas Mountain (British Columbia)
|
Sumas Mountain, also referred to as Canadian Sumas to distinguish it from an identically-named mountain just to the south in U.S. state of Washington across the border, is a mountain in eastern Fraser Lowland, in the Lower Mainland region of the Canadian province of British Columbia. It sits on the south bank of the Fraser River, west of the smaller Chilliwack Mountain across the Vedder River mouth, and serves as a geographic landmark dividing the Fraser Valley into "Upper" and "Lower" sections.
The mountain is separated from the Vedder Mountain and the North Cascades by the drained Sumas Lake, now a flatland called Sumas Prairie that is part of the greater floodplain of the Fraser River basin, south of which is a same-named sister mountain (American Sumas) in Washington state's Whatcom County. West of the mountain is Matsqui Prairie, another floodplain, and north of the Fraser, which lies along the mountain's north flank, are similar floodplains - Nicomen Island and Hatzic Prairie.
The urban area of Abbotsford is located to the mountain's west, and it is home to a number of Abbotsford's suburban areas, notably Clayburn. In its central portion is the historic community of Straiton, officially named in 1904 for Thomas Bell Straiton who founded a homestead on Sumas Mountain in 1893 and also a store and post office. Its higher eastern reaches tower over Greendale, a community within the City of Chilliwack and is mostly wilderness; the mountain's summit, Sumas Peak, is located in this area, along with Chadsey Lake.
Sumas Mountain Provincial Park is located in the higher, northern reaches of the mountain. Historic industry on the mountain includes livestock and crop farming, logging, and mining, notably brick-clay, which gave rise to the mining community of Clayburn. Farming, gravel mining, and logging continue on the mountain to the present day. Located on the mountain's north foot, adjacent to the Fraser, is a Canadian Forces base naval station. On its south side is the reserve of the Sumas First Nation.
The mountain protects McDonald Park, a dark-sky preserve, from the light pollution caused by the nearby cities of Abbotsford, Chilliwack, and Mission.
Name
"Sumas" is a Halqemeylem word meaning "a big level opening", referring to the Sumas Prairie area south of the mountain, formerly Sumas Lake. A common 19th Century spelling of Sumas was "Smess"; Simon Fraser's journal recorded the name as "shemotch".
References
Mountains of the Lower Mainland
Abbotsford, British Columbia
|
43757693
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000%20Croatian%20Football%20Cup%20Final
|
2000 Croatian Football Cup Final
|
The 2000 Croatian Cup Final was a two-legged affair played between Hajduk Split and Dinamo Zagreb.
The first leg was played in Split on 2 May 2000, while the second leg on 16 May 2000 in Zagreb.
Hajduk Split won the trophy with an aggregate result of 2–1.
The final was overshadowed by the clashes between both clubs supporters and police in the first leg at Stadion Poljud in Split. The first leg was abandoned in 86th minute and was registered with the result that was reached 2–0, and Hajduk Split was punished by having their three matches behind closed doors.
Road to the final
First leg
Second leg
References
External links
Official website
Croatian Football Cup Finals
HNK Hajduk Split matches
GNK Dinamo Zagreb matches
Cup
|
1149326
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British%20Rail%20Class%20456
|
British Rail Class 456
|
The British Rail Class 456 is an electric multiple-unit passenger train introduced by Network SouthEast on inner-suburban services in South London to replace the elderly Class 416 2EPB units. Twenty-four two-car units were built by British Rail Engineering Limited's York Carriage Works in 1990 and 1991.
Following the privatisation of British Rail, the fleet was sold to Porterbrook and operated by Southern up until late 2013, when they were transferred to South West Trains and heavily refurbished. Routes that were operated by Class 456 units will operated by new Class 701 Bombardier Aventra units in the future.
Entry into service
While originally approved for use by Network SouthEast (NSE) on services out of Waterloo, the 24 two-car units were first accepted into traffic as direct replacements for the 2EPB units on the Central Division of the Southern Region of British Rail. Units were delivered into traffic painted in NSE blue, red and white livery with cabs based on the Class 321 units, and were initially based at Selhurst depot. Although Network SouthEast had shifted to units painted with pale grey, the Class 456s were introduced painted with a darker grey shade to match the livery of the Class 455 units they would be working with. Units were numbered in the range 456001-024, each unit consisting of a standard class driving motor (DMSO) and a composite driving trailer (DTCO).
Entry in to service for the Class 456 was originally planned to be in 18 March 1991, with trains to be driver-only operated without the presence of a guard. This meant that the driver had to have a clear view of the platform a bank of CCTV cameras mounted at the platform end for this purpose, however it was discovered that the position of the CCTV cameras on the platforms meant that they were not visible from the driver's position. To resolve this Selhurst depot designed a replacement fixing for the driver's seat so that it could slide sideways, allowing a good view of the CCTV units. The modified drivers' seats were installed at Fratton Depot with the work completed by the end of July 1991.
The Class 456s entered service on 30 September 1991, although initially with some service delays caused by minor defects.
Operations
Southern
Since the privatisation of Britain's railways, the entire Class 456 fleet passed into the Southern (formerly known as South Central) franchise, which was originally won by Connex South Central. Only one unit, No. 456024, was repainted in white and yellow Connex livery, when it was named Sir Cosmo Bonsor after a chairman of the South Eastern Railway. The rest of the fleet had remained in Network South East livery, until summer 2006 when the fleet started to be repainted.
In 2000, Connex lost the South Central franchise to the Go-Ahead Group, who rebranded the company as Southern in 2004.
On 8 May 2012 it was announced by the Department for Transport that the entire fleet of 24 2-car Class 456s would transfer to South West Trains (SWT) in 2014, to be used in conjunction with South West Trains’s fleet on London inner-suburban lines. South West Trains used the 456s to enhance peak-hour Metro services through Wimbledon from 8 to 10 coaches and to provide two additional morning peak services from Raynes Park to Waterloo. These changes took place from December 2014. Class 456s were repainted in the red "Metro" version of South West Trains livery to match the with South West Trains and were refurbished to have a similar interior to the Class 455 before entering service with South West Trains between March 2014 and December 2014. It was announced that the 456 fleet will retain its standard traction equipment when transferred to South West Trains. This left them as the only fleet on South West Trains to be powered by conventional DC traction gear.
The Southern services on the South London Line were withdrawn in 2012 and replaced by a new London Overground service, the East London Line, operated using new air-conditioned 5-car units. Southern also received 26 new 5 car Class 377/6 units and these entered service at the end of 2013, in place of 92 cascaded carriages promised for extra capacity. This gives a total of 50 replacement carriages in addition to the 92 carriages for extra capacity, leaving the 48 Class 456 carriages surplus to requirements at Southern.
South Western Railway
The units transferred to South Western Railway following their career with Southern, as their operations on its Metro routes were replaced by the class 455s, later to be replaced by the class 377/6 units.
The first units entered service with South West Trains on 23 March 2014 between Ascot and Guildford, replacing Class 458 trains with toilets and air conditioning. They initially ran in pairs (i.e. 2 x 2 car) still in Southern's green livery, but without fleet names. 10 units were required to provide the half-hourly service. The one train per day from Clapham Junction (07:45) to Guildford via Ascot was also operated by two 456s, but the trains that run through to Waterloo during the rush hours continue to use Class 458 trains. The Class 456 trains were the main units on the line, but sets now operate alone on the line.
All units were refurbished by South West Trains. In August 2017, all 456 units transferred to the new South Western franchisee, South Western Railway.
South Western Railway withdrew the Class 456 fleet from service on 17 January 2022.
Refurbishment
In March 2005, No. 456006 was hauled away to Wolverton where it was studied for corrosion assessment. This caused some doubt as to whether they would be refurbished. However, in a statement in April 2006 Southern said the class would receive a 'refresh', which meant they would not receive a refurbishment as major as the 455s, since the 456s are 10 years newer and already have high-backed seats (although of a different design). Also, new CCTV cameras and flooring were installed; this was not mentioned on the original refurbishment plan.
All units were instead 'refreshed' and were painted into Southern green colours. No. 456006 was completed in a one-off promotional livery for rail safety on the Southern network. 456013 had an experimental cab-cooling system installed and 456022 had some experimental air-conditioning fitted, in an effort to make drivers' jobs more comfortable.
Southern removed the toilets from the trains, to provide more capacity. Despite this the Class 456 EMU trains lost two seats from each pair, due to a space being cleared for wheelchairs and pushchairs.
After the units transferred to South West Trains, a full refurbishment commenced in Wolverton where Class 456s received a new exterior livery and also a refurbished interior with new seating.
Accidents and incidents
On 15 August 2017, unit 456 015 was damaged in a collision with an engineers train at Waterloo station, London. The cause was a wiring error in the signalling which meant that a set of points not correctly set was not detected. This was introduced as part of the testing of the temporary changes to the signalling during a major works programme at Waterloo. This allowed the signalling logic to detect that a set of points was correctly set when in reality, the points were mid-way between either of the correct positions. A false proceed signal was shown to the driver when it should not have been possible.
Fleet details
Livery Details
References
456
456
Train-related introductions in 1991
|
62821819
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan%20Wilhelm%20Hi%C5%BC
|
Jan Wilhelm Hiż
|
Jan Wilhelm Hiż (18th century) was a Polish military officer, colonel of the Crown Guard (Gwardia koronna).
Biography
He was the son of Wilhelm Hiż, the secretary in the office managing royal goods (kamera) of kings Jan III Sobieski, August II and August III; and Franciszka de Loupi; grandson of Jan Hiż, a treasurer in the service of Maria Kazimiera Sobieska.
He had several siblings, some of whom also became military: Franciszek Hiż, a colonel of the Crown Guard; Piotr Hiż, captain of engineers; Józef Hiż, Warsaw canon; and Wilhelm Hiż, Oberstleutant of the Crown Guard.
In 1764, Jan Wilhelm Hiż was among five members of the Hiż family that received nobility with the Jeż coat of arms. He was an officer in the Crown Guard, where he was promoted to the rank of colonel.
He was married to Katarzyna de Mathy, with whom he had two daughters: Marianna Hiż (married to Ignacy Łempicki, general of the Crown Army), Anna Hiż (married to Kacper Dąbkowski, colonel in the Sułkowski regiment), and four sons: Jan August Hiż, major general of the Crown Army and a colonel of the Crown Guard; Antoni Hiż, captain of the Lithuanian infantry guard; Józef Hiż, regent of the Crown Treasury Committee, childless; Franciszek Hiż, General adjutant of the Military Commission of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, also childless.
References
Military personnel of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Hiż family
|
52950855
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertrand%20Bosworth-Smith
|
Bertrand Bosworth-Smith
|
Bertrand Nigel Bosworth-Smith CSI (20 June 1873 – 19 February 1947) was an English cricketer.
Born at Harrow, Bosworth-Smith was educated at Harrow School, before attending Magdalen College, Oxford. While attending Oxford, Bosworth-Smith made his debut in first-class cricket for Oxford University in 1895, playing once for the university that year against the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). He also made what would be his only first-class appearance for Middlesex in 1895, playing against Nottinghamshire in the County Championship. He played twice more for Oxford University in 1896, graduating in 1897 a Bachelor of Arts (B.A.). He played in two first-class matches for the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1897 against county opposition, with both matches played at Lord's.
He was appointed to the Indian Civil Service, which saw his appointment as an Assistant Commissioner in the Punjab. He played two first-class matches while in India for the Europeans cricket team in the Bombay Presidency against the Parsees in August and September 1900. Bosworth-Smith had returned home to England by 1901, where he made two further first-class appearances for the MCC at Lord's. Returning to India, his final appearance in first-class cricket came for the Gentlemen of India against a touring Oxford University Authentics team in 1903. He would later play for Dorset in a Minor Counties Championship match in 1909.
He was married to Mary Constance Bett in June 1912, later divorcing. He was a Companion to the Order of the Star of India for his service in the Indian Civil Service. He died at Hove, Sussex on 19 February 1947. His uncle, Archie Wickham, was also a first-class cricketer.
References
External links
Bertrand Bosworth-Smith at ESPNcricinfo
1873 births
1947 deaths
People from Harrow, London
People educated at Harrow School
Alumni of Magdalen College, Oxford
English cricketers
Oxford University cricketers
Middlesex cricketers
Marylebone Cricket Club cricketers
Europeans cricketers
Dorset cricketers
Indian Civil Service (British India) officers
Companions of the Order of the Star of India
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69427182
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004%20Food%20City%20500
|
2004 Food City 500
|
The 2004 Food City 500 was the sixth stock car race of the 2004 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series season and the 44th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, March 28, 2004, before a crowd of 160,000 in Bristol, Tennessee at Bristol Motor Speedway, a 0.533 miles (0.858 km) permanent oval-shaped racetrack. The race took the scheduled 500 laps to complete. Kurt Busch of Roush Racing would hold off the field on the final restart with two to go to win his fifth career NASCAR Nextel Cup Series win of his career and his first of the season. To fill out the podium, Rusty Wallace of Penske-Jasper Racing and Kevin Harvick of Richard Childress Racing would finish second and third, respectively.
Background
The Bristol Motor Speedway, formerly known as Bristol International Raceway and Bristol Raceway, is a NASCAR short track venue located in Bristol, Tennessee. Constructed in 1960, it held its first NASCAR race on July 30, 1961. Despite its short length, Bristol is among the most popular tracks on the NASCAR schedule because of its distinct features, which include extraordinarily steep banking, an all concrete surface, two pit roads, and stadium-like seating. It has also been named one of the loudest NASCAR tracks.
Entry list
Practice
First practice
The first practice session occurred on Friday, March 26, at 11:20 AM EST and would last for two hours. Jeff Gordon of Hendrick Motorsports would set the fastest time in the session, with a lap of 15.009 and an average speed of .
Second practice
The second practice session occurred on Saturday, March 27, at 9:30 AM EST and would last for 45 minutes. Dale Earnhardt Jr. of Dale Earnhardt, Inc. would set the fastest time in the session, with a lap of 15.447 and an average speed of .
Third and final practice
The third and final practice session, sometimes referred to as Happy Hour, occurred on Saturday, March 27, at 11:10 AM EST and would last for 45 minutes. Brian Vickers of Hendrick Motorsports would set the fastest time in the session, with a lap of 15.604 and an average speed of .
Qualifying
Qualifying occurred on Friday, March 27, at 3:00 PM EST. Each driver would have two laps to set a fastest time; the fastest of the two would count as their official qualifying lap. Positions 1-38 would be decided on time, while positions 39-43 would be based on provisionals. Four spots are awarded by the use of provisionals based on owner's points. The fifth is awarded to a past champion who has not otherwise qualified for the race. If no past champ needs the provisional, the next team in the owner points will be awarded a provisional.
Ryan Newman of Penske-Jasper Racing would win the pole, setting a time of 14.954 and an average speed of .
Kirk Shelmerdine would crash on his second lap in turn 3, slamming the outside wall. While he had set a lap, he was forced to use a provisional.
Morgan Shepherd would be the only driver to not qualify for the race.
Full qualifying results
Race results
References
2004 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series
NASCAR races at Bristol Motor Speedway
March 2004 sports events in the United States
2004 in sports in Tennessee
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37212431
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colombischl%C3%B6ssle%20Archeological%20Museum
|
Colombischlössle Archeological Museum
|
The Colombischlössle Archeological Museum is a museum in Freiburg im Breisgau in southwest Germany which features the prehistoric inheritance of the High and Upper Rhine. It was founded as the Museum of Prehistory and Early History in 1983. The focus of the museum is on the human development of the High and upper Rhine from the Paleolithic Age to the Early Middle Ages.
References
Hilde Hiller: 20 Jahre Museum für Ur- und Frühgeschichte im Colombischlössle. Museum für Ur- und Frühgeschichte, Freiburg, (Breisgau) 2003.
External links
www.freiburg.de
Archaeological museums in Germany
Buildings and structures in Freiburg im Breisgau
Tourist attractions in Freiburg im Breisgau
Museums in Baden-Württemberg
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7989840
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinton%20Mitchem
|
Hinton Mitchem
|
Hinton Mitchem (May 18, 1938 – January 22, 2013) was a Democratic member of the Alabama Senate, representing the 9th District from 1979 to January 1987 and then again from June 1987 to January 2011.
Early years
Hinton Mitchem was born on May 18, 1938 in Georgia to Neal Emory and Gertrude Helen Hinton. He received his Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degree in Education from the University of Georgia in 1961. He also served in the U.S. Coast Guard. He moved from Georgia to Marshall County, Alabama in 1962. He was the owner of Hinton Mitchem Tractor Co., Inc. from 1965 until he sold it in 2005.
Political service
Mitchem first entered politics as a member of the Albertville, Alabama City Council in 1968. In 1974, he was elected unopposed in the general election as a member of the Alabama House of Representatives, representing the 25th District, serving a single four-year term from 1975 through 1979 before his election to the Senate. He ran without Republican opposition again in both his first race and in 1982 as well as the special 1983 race the entire legislature had to run in. In 1986, Mitchem stepped down from the Senate and ran in the primary for Lieutenant Governor. In a four-person field, he placed third behind fellow State Senator John Teague and eventual winner, Jim Folsom, Jr., placing just ahead of former State Treasurer Melba Till Allen.
When Senate successor Loyd Coleman was forced from office upon a criminal conviction in April 1987, Mitchem jumped into the special election and won handily in the primary, and by a 2-to-1 margin over Republican Nell Burton Skidmore. He won unopposed again in 1990. With the growing strength of the Alabama Republicans, he faced opposition during his last terms in 1994, 1998, 2002 and 2006, with a declining, but respectable, percentage of the vote. His closest race was his final one in 2006 where he prevailed by 7% over attorney Bill Ingram of Guntersville, Alabama.
Mitchem was elected President Pro Tempore of the Senate on January 9, 2007 by a margin of 18–17 over the efforts of a coalition of Republicans and disaffected Democrats to elect leadership that would be more favorable to then-Gov. Bob Riley. He then resigned from the position on February 5, 2009 per a prior agreement to allow a vote on Rodger Smitherman to succeed him for the remaining two years of the session. As of 2010, Mitchem was serving in his 36th year in the Alabama Legislature, then the longest-serving member (with a 5-month gap of service in early 1987). He chose to retire in 2010 and was succeeded by Republican Clay Scofield.
Personal life
Mitchem was a Rotarian and enjoyed golf and traveling in his spare time. He had three children, Todd, Tanya, Dee and stepdaughter Brittnie Mabry, and five grandchildren.
Later years
In 1980, Mitchem was appointed by then-Governor Fob James, Jr. as Chairman of the Alabama Governor's Commission on Physical Fitness, serving in that capacity for 28 years. He also served 18 consecutive years as Chairman of the Alabama Special Olympics.
He died on January 22, 2013. He had Alzheimer's disease. In addition to suffering with Alzheimer's disease for several years, in 2011 Mitchem was diagnosed with ALS, or Lou Gehrig's Disease, a fatal neuro-muscular disease with no known cause or cure.
References
External links
Follow the Money - Hinton Mitchem **2006 2002 1998 campaign contributions
The Arab Tribune – Mitchem ending 36-year state career 3/10/2010
Photo of Hinton Mitchem
1938 births
2013 deaths
People from Oconee County, Georgia
People from Marshall County, Alabama
Businesspeople from Alabama
Alabama Democrats
Alabama city council members
Alabama state senators
Members of the Alabama House of Representatives
University of Georgia alumni
20th-century American businesspeople
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944000
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Bulgarian-language%20poets
|
List of Bulgarian-language poets
|
The list of Bulgarian language poets includes those literary figures who are notable for their poetry written in the native tongue of Bulgaria. This language is also spoken in parts of Ukraine, Moldova, Turkey, Greece, Romania, and Serbia.
Elisaveta Bagryana (1893–1991)
Ivan Barzakov (1942–present)
Hristo Botev (1848–1876)
Iana Boukova (1968–present)
Atanas Dalchev (1904–1978)
Dimcho Debelyanov (1887–1916)
Blaga Dimitrova (1922–2003)
Yordan Eftimov (1971–present)
Dora Gabe (1886–1983)
Georgi Gospodinov (1968–present)
Pavel Matev (1924–2006)
Geo Milev (1895–1925)
Vanya Petkova (1944–2009)
Stanka Pencheva (1929–2014)
Radoy Ralin (1923–2004)
Pencho Slaveykov (1866–1912)
Petko Rachov Slaveykov (1827–1895)
Hristo Smirnenski (1898–1923)
Nikola Vaptsarov (1909–1942)
Ivan Vazov (1850–1921)
Peyo Yavorov (1878–1914)
Nedyalko Yordanov (1940–present)
References
Bulgarian
|
39706267
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysomyxa%20pyrolae
|
Chrysomyxa pyrolae
|
Chrysomyxa pyrolae, is a species of rust fungi in the family Coleosporiaceae that can be found in such US states such as Alabama, Colorado, Maine and Vermont.
References
External links
Fungal plant pathogens and diseases
pyrolae
Fungi of the United States
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58080967
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulvimonas%20soli
|
Fulvimonas soli
|
Fulvimonas soli is a motile bacterium from the genus of Fulvimonas which has been isolated from soil from Ghent in Belgium.
References
Xanthomonadales
Bacteria described in 2002
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6598846
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Here%20on%20Earth
|
Here on Earth
|
Here on Earth may refer to:
Here on Earth (novel), a novel by Alice Hoffman
Here on Earth (film), a film starring Chris Klein and Leelee Sobieski
Here on Earth. An Argument for Hope, a 2011 anthropological book by Tim Flannery
Here on Earth (album), a 2020 album by Tim McGraw
Here on Earth (TV series), a Mexican political thriller television series
Here on Earth - Radio Without Borders, a public radio program
Aqui na Terra (Here on Earth), a Portuguese film directed by João Botelho
Here on Earth, an album by Adequate Seven
"Here on Earth", song by Scarling from Sweet Heart Dealer 2004
"Here on Earth", song by Prince One Nite Alone...
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21474414
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrauskas
|
Petrauskas
|
Petrauskas is a Lithuanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Evaldas Petrauskas (born 1992), Lithuanian boxer
Kipras Petrauskas (1885–1968), Lithuanian singer
Zenonas Petrauskas (1950-2009), Lithuanian lawyer and deputy foreign minister of Lithuania, associate professor of international law
Lithuanian-language surnames
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38389837
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazel%20Green%20Town%20Hall
|
Hazel Green Town Hall
|
The Hazel Green Town Hall is a historic building in the village of Hazel Green, Wisconsin. Built in 1891, the building housed both the town clerk's office and the Hazel Green Opera House, a civic auditorium. The auditorium hosted town meetings, graduation ceremonies, religious events, and entertainers; it also served as the town's jail when necessary, as a cage could be added to the stage. The auditorium closed in the 1920s; the building is now private property.
The building was designed in the Boom Town style, which features a large facade in front of a smaller building. The facade has a tall bracketed cornice, while the building has a gable front.
The Hazel Green Town Hall was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 26, 1989.
References
City and town halls on the National Register of Historic Places in Wisconsin
Government buildings completed in 1891
Music venues completed in 1891
Buildings and structures in Grant County, Wisconsin
1891 establishments in Wisconsin
National Register of Historic Places in Grant County, Wisconsin
City and town halls in Wisconsin
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36977363
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C.%20Michael%20Greene
|
C. Michael Greene
|
C. Michael Greene is an American arts executive who served as head of the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences (NARAS) from 1988 to 2002, and the president and CEO of Artist Tribe and myMuse.
Early years
Greene earned his BBA in Business from West Georgia College. The son of a Big Band leader, Greene began his career as a recording artist, songwriter & producer with Warner Brothers, Mercury Records, and General Recording Corporation. Greene built Apogee Sound Studio and Crawford Sound Studio, as well as publishing companies while working with artists such as Ray Charles, James Brown, Keith Jarrett, Lionel Richie, Sarah Vaughan, Kenny Loggins, Sammy Hagar, Kansas, and many more.
Greene founded The Cable Marketing Group Ltd. and Total Entertainment & Media Productions, Inc. These were two of the country's first cable consulting, production and ad placement companies.
In 1981, Greene built The Video Music Channel into one of the world's first cable video music networks. VMC was a national pioneer in multi-genre video music programming and live event production, with over 4 million subscribers. Next, VMC added traditional VHF and UHF television stations into its network, and Greene was named VP/GM of the network's flagship station, WVEU (UHF) in Atlanta, Georgia.
During this same period, Greene served as Senior Vice President of Universal Video Corporation in Indianapolis, Indiana producing 16 hours of original programming daily for the first Direct Broadcast Satellite Service, U.S.C.I. (the Prudential and General Instruments venture).
Next, Greene helped build Crawford Post Production, Satellite Services, Communications and Interactive Services Companies, in Atlanta. While Greene was Executive V.P., Crawford became one of the nation's largest media production companies serving clients such as Coca-Cola, IBM, Turner Broadcasting, the United States Department of Defense, and Tribune Broadcasting among thousands of others. Greene was President of Crawford-Greene, Inc. Crawford is still a leader in these fields.
Greene served as a consultant to the Ministry of Culture of the People's Republic of China.
Career at NARAS
In 1986, Greene was elected as Chairman of National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences (NARAS), made famous for its annual Grammy Awards. In 1988, Greene was named the Academy's first President/CEO and served as CEO for 14 years. Greene led the growth of membership from 3,200 to over 27,000, built 12 regional offices, and launched the Latin Academy of Recording Arts & Sciences. During his presidency, Academy revenue increased by 30 fold.
Under Greene's leadership, the Grammy Awards ceremony grew from being syndicated in 14 countries to over 180. Greene also established the Academy's Political Advocacy Initiatives. NARAS emerged as a voice for music and the arts in Washington D.C. and the state houses on issues such as:
Intellectual Property Rights and Copyright Infringement
First Amendment protection
Music and Arts Education
Preservation of funding for the national arts agencies
Digital Music Distribution and Artist Rights
Archiving and Preservation of the world's musical legacy
Under Greene's Academy leadership, NARAS developed:
Latin Academy of Recording Arts & Sciences
Grammy in the Schools
Grammy High School Jazz Bands and Choir Ensembles
Grammy.com and the Live Grammy Webcasts
The Grammy Nominees CD series
Leonard Bernstein Centers for Learning
National Music Industry Coalition
Grammy National Mentoring Partnership
National Music Education Coalition
Grammy Living History Video Archive
Grammy Music on Film Preservation Initiative
Grammy Foundation and MusiCares Foundation
NARAS Journal and Grammy Magazine
Grammy Concert Series for Children
Grammy Signature Schools
Grammy Gateway and Grammy Sessions
Grammy Preservation and Recording Technology Timeline
In 1999, two Los Angeles Times reporters received the Pulitzer Prize for Beat Reporting for "their stories on corruption in the entertainment industry, including a charity sham sponsored by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences"
After 14 years, in April 2002 NARAS and Greene parted ways. Greene stayed on as a consultant for one year to assist in the transition.
The Grammy Foundation
During Greene's tenure, the Academy produced hundreds of educational events across the nation and the world. Greene founded and was President of two 501C-3 Foundations while presiding over the Academy. The Grammy Foundation spent over $4 million annually to provide grants and educational programs reaching over 2 million people. Their work in Congress helped launch the National Recording Registry designed to preserve historically significant recordings, the National Coalition for Music Education, & coalitions to save the National Endowment for the Arts, National Endowment for the Humanities, PBS, and NPR.
MusiCares
In 1990, Greene founded MusiCares to provide financial grants, substance abuse intervention, treatment and educational programs to music professionals in need worldwide. MusiCares has distributed well over $20 million since its inception. Greene was also the national spokesperson for the National Association of Music Therapists, now known as the American Music Therapy Association.
Artist Tribe
Greene founded Artist Tribe, LLC in 2005 and currently serves as its president and CEO. Artist Tribe is an innovation enterprise which houses seven operating divisions serving the creative and cultural communities at large. The Artist Tribe Foundation is involved in the field of Arts Mentoring, Education, Arts & Wellness, and produces culturally significant documentaries. The most recent is Girls in the Band.
Ceramics
Greene is a ceramicist and instructor, with works in the permanent collection of the High Museum of Art.
Accolades
Greene was inducted into the Georgia Music Hall of Fame, receiving a Georgy Award for his contributions to music. Greene received a special Doctorate in Music from the University of Southern California and an Honorary Doctorate in Music and Arts Education from Berklee College of Music in Boston.
References
American chief executives
Presidents of The Recording Academy
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
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30483299
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mortuus%20Machina
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Mortuus Machina
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Mortuus Machina is the second album by Australian Metal band Universum. This album features guest contributions from many high profile musicians within the melodic death metal subgenre, including Christian Älvestam (Miseration, Solution .45, ex-Scar Symmetry), Ola Frenning (ex-Soilwork), Tommy Tuovinen (MyGRAIN), Marios Iliopoulos (Nightrage), Olof Mörck (Amaranthe) and Paul Wardingham.
Track listing
All music written by Michael Soininen except where noted
Personnel
Universum
Adam Soininen - vocals
Michael Soininen - lead/rhythm guitar, additional vocals
Stephen Murphy - rhythm/lead guitar
Rachael Madden - keyboards
Jaron Soininen - drums
Doug Clark - bass
Production
Stephen Murphy - Producer & Recording Engineer
Jens Bogren- Mixing/Mastering
References
External links
Official Website
MySpace Website
YouTube Website
2011 albums
Universum (band) albums
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65464626
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%20Women%27s%20FA%20Cup%20Final
|
2020 Women's FA Cup Final
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The 2020 Women's FA Cup Final (known as the Vitality Women's FA Cup Final for sponsorship reasons was the 50th final of the Women's FA Cup, England's primary cup competition for women's football teams. The showpiece event was the 27th to be played directly under the auspices of the Football Association (FA).
The final, contested between Everton and Manchester City, was played on Sunday 1 November 2020 at Wembley Stadium in London. It was played behind closed doors due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was Everton's sixth appearance in the FA Cup final (including as forerunner club Leasowe Pacific) and their first since the final was moved to the national stadium having last appeared in the 2014 edition held at Stadium MK. They last won the competition in 2010. It was Manchester City's third appearance in the final having lifted the trophy on the two previous occasions in 2017 and 2019.
Manchester City won the game 3–1 in extra-time after the scores were level at 1–1 after 90 minutes. The result meant Manchester City won back to back FA Cups for the first time in their history and became the first team to successfully defended their title since Arsenal in 2014.
50th anniversary
The 2020 Cup Final is the 50th final of the competition, which was first played in 1970–71 as the WFA Cup, organised by the Women's Football Association. The 2019–20 edition was delayed for over six months by the COVID-19 pandemic, as the quarter-finals (initially scheduled for 15 March 2020) were postponed to September 2020, and the semi-finals took place on 30 September and 1 October.
The Final was rescheduled from its original date, 9 May 2020, to Saturday 31 October 2020, but this was changed for broadcasting reasons to Sunday 1 November.
By coincidence, the new date for the 50th Final also fell exactly 50 years after the Cup's first ever reported fixture, in the 1970–71 WFA Cup, in the British Newspaper Archive. This outlined upcoming matches of Lichfield team The Wandering Angels, including an away Cup game on 1 November 1970:
In the early seasons, the WFA Cup or Mitre Challenge Trophy also involved Scottish clubs. The first Cup-winners were Southampton Women's F.C. on 9 May 1971. For comparison, 300 teams from England and Wales entered the Women's FA Cup in 2019–20, including the 1971 winning club.
Route to the final
Everton
Everton were one of 23 WSL and Championship teams to enter the competition in the fourth round proper and were drawn against London Bees of the Championship to start, a tie that provided Everton with the only non-top flight opposition of their cup run. The Toffees beat the second division side 1–0 with Dutch international Inessa Kaagman scoring the only goal of the game, a 25-yard strike on the stroke of half-time. Everton were handed an away tie against Bristol City at Ashton Gate in the fifth round, a team sat bottom of the WSL and battling relegation at the time but had progressed to this stage after similarly besting Championship opposition by one goal. Everton proved comfortable 5–0 winners: Kaagman again opened the scoring, her first of two goals on the day. Esme Morgan and Lucy Graham added goals before the break with Hannah Cain and Kaagman's second giving Everton their biggest margin of victory since a 6–1 FA Cup quarter-final victory over second-tier Durham in March 2018. A home quarter-final tie against Chelsea, a team in the midst of a title challenge having already lifted one trophy this season by beating Arsenal in the 2020 FA Women's League Cup Final in their previous match, was scheduled for 15 March 2020. However, it was postponed indefinitely due to the coronavirus pandemic. With the 2019–20 FA WSL season eventually curtailed and decided on a points-per-game basis, the FA Cup was permitted to resume at the quarter-final stage six months later than planned. Everton ultimately faced newly-crowned WSL champions Chelsea on 27 September 2020 having already played two matches of the 2020–21 season. The game was played behind closed doors at Goodison Park with Erin Cuthbert giving the visitors an early lead in the 5th minute, the only goal the Toffees would end up conceding en route to the final. Everton went in level at the break through a 40th-minute Lucy Graham goal before French international Valérie Gauvin, a high-profile summer signing from Montpellier, scored the decisive goal just past the hour mark, ending the London side's hopes of a domestic treble. Three days later, Everton booked their place at Wembley with a 3–0 victory away at Birmingham City, a team undergoing a sizeable rebuild having lost eight senior players over the summer and under new management with Carla Ward. Everton's Nicoline Sørensen, another of the club's international summer recruits, scored her first goal for the club in the game.
Manchester City
Manchester City were one of 23 WSL and Championship teams to enter the competition in the fourth round proper and were drawn against Manchester derby rivals Manchester United having already met twice earlier in the year: City had triumphed on the opening day of the season before United earned a League Cup group stage win. The game was selected as the televised match of the round and broadcast live on the BBC Red Button. City won a five-goal thriller 3–2 with a brace from England international Ellen White putting the away side ahead. Substitute Lauren James pulled one back for United in the 69th-minute and the Red Devils thought they had drawn level when former City player Abbie McManus saw her shot trickle over the line but the officials disagreed, putting the lack of goal-line technology in women's football under scrutiny. Jill Scott restored City's two-goal cushion shortly after while a Lauren Hemp own goal two minutes from time set up a nervy finish. The fifth round paired the defending FA Cup champions in a favourable matchup against Ipswich Town of the FA Women's National League Division One South East (tier 4), the lowest ranked team left in the competition who had entered during second round qualifying and won six games to reach this stage. Pauline Bremer, Jess Park and Georgia Stanway all scored hat-tricks as City ran out resounding 10–0 winners. Reaching the quarter-final stage for the seventh consecutive season, City were drawn against Championship side Leicester City. With the season postponed due to the coronavirus pandemic the 2019–20 FA WSL season was eventually curtailed and decided on a points-per-game basis, moving City down from 1st to 2nd in the process as Chelsea were declared WSL champions. Despite this, the FA Cup was permitted to resume at the quarter-final stage six months later than planned with opponents Leicester City having transitioned from semi-professional to full-time during the offseason layoff. Manchester City, meanwhile, had appointed Gareth Taylor as manager ahead of the new season on 28 May following the departure of Nick Cushing during the previous campaign. Despite the increased investment and influx of WSL talent to the new-look Leicester team, the Cityzens were able to see off the Foxes 2–1. Chloe Kelly, who had joined the Manchester club from Everton over summer, scored her first goal as a City player from the penalty spot to open scoring with Georgia Stanway doubling the lead before half-time. Leicester earned a penalty of their own in the 78th-minute, converted by Charlie Devlin, but City were again able to see out the win to set up a semi-final meeting with Arsenal. The teams had already met at the semi-final stage of the 2019–20 FA Women's League Cup earlier in the year with the Gunners emerging 2–1 winners. City were able to reverse the scoreline in this rematch: England international teammates Steph Houghton and Jordan Nobbs traded first-half goals before Sam Mewis, City's reigning World Cup champion midfielder acquired from North Carolina Courage in August, scored her first goal in English football to clinch the defending champions' place in the final.
Match
Details
References
External links
Cup
Women's FA Cup finals
Women's FA Cup Final
Women's FA Cup Final
Women's FA Cup Final
FA Women's Cup Final, 2020
FA Women's Cup Final 2020
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5604942
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecklenburg%20Correctional%20Center
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Mecklenburg Correctional Center
|
Mecklenburg Correctional Center was a maximum security prison operated by the Virginia Department of Corrections in unincorporated Mecklenburg County, Virginia, United States, near Boydton. It was closed in 2012 due to a decrease in the number of inmates in the Virginia corrections system and expensive ongoing maintenance needs. The facility served as a reception and classification facility.
Mecklenburg formerly housed the Commonwealth of Virginia's male death row.
It is located at (36.6607, -78.3636).
History
It first opened in 1976. Opened at a cost of $20 million, this 360-inmate facility was intended to serve as the facility for the "worst of the worst" among inmates in the Virginia Department of Corrections system – a maximum security prison. At the opening ceremony, Governor Mills E. Godwin Jr. stated that the facility served as a "monument to failure", as the inmates to be housed there were viewed as the most incorrigible and likely unable to be returned to free society.
The first warden at Mecklenburg was Gene Johnson. Johnson's assistant warden for operations and security was Fred L. Finkbeiner, who had served as the warden of the well-known Joliet and Pontiac maximum-security prisons in Illinois.
On August 3, 1998, the male death row moved to its final location, the Sussex I State Prison, from the Mecklenburg Correctional Center. Capital punishment in Virginia was abolished in 2021.
The 1984 escape from death row
Six inmates facing the Virginia electric chair made an escape from the facility on May 31, 1984. The inmates who escaped included two of the Briley Brothers (Linwood and James), along with Lem Tuggle, Earl Clanton, Derick Peterson, and Willie Jones. They had observed how correctional officers were complacent and often failed to follow security procedures. While returning to the building from evening recreation time around 8:00 pm, Clanton hid in the bathroom next to the entrance of the death row cell block, then charged out on cue from another inmate when the adjacent control room's door was left open.
Clanton overpowered the officer inside and released all of the locks in the cell block. Inmates took over the block with homemade knives and blindfolded and bound responding officers, changing into their uniforms. They bluffed their way out of the prison by calling the front gate of the prison and pretending to be officers who needed a van supplied and both gates opened to aid in the disposal of a bomb supposedly constructed by the inmates. The bomb was actually a portable TV covered with a blanket. The group correctly deduced that the prison had no set protocol for bomb disposal and so the gate officer could be fooled into opening both gates at the same time, in violation of standard procedure.
The six escapees put on riot helmets to conceal their faces and carried the TV out of the unit on a stretcher while spraying it with a fire extinguisher. They put it into the waiting van, which they drove straight out of the prison at 10:47 pm. Once the six men were free, they crossed into nearby North Carolina. Unable to agree on their next move, they soon split up in the town of Warrenton and abandoned the van in a schoolyard.
Clanton and Peterson were caught the following afternoon, on June 1, in Warrenton. A patrol car driving past a laundromat spotted the two men inside, one of them wearing what appeared to be a correctional officers' jacket with the badges torn off. They had stopped to eat cheese and drink wine from a convenience store.
Tuggle, Jones and the Briley brothers stole a pickup truck with the vanity tag 'PEI-1' from the driveway of its owner. The Brileys were dropped off in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where a local uncle got them a job at a North Philadelphia car garage under assumed names. Tuggle and Jones planned to continue north into Canada, as they knew that Canadian authorities would not extradite fugitives facing execution. They got as far north as Vermont, where Tuggle was apprehended in Stamford on June 8 after robbing a souvenir shop for $80.
Jones gave himself up the following day, on June 9, just five miles south of the Canada–US border in Jay, Vermont. He was cold, hungry, and bitten by flies, so he called his mother, who persuaded him to turn himself in. Tuggle and Jones were housed at Marble Valley Correctional Facility in Rutland, pending extradition back to Virginia.
The Brileys were caught last, on June 19, after the FBI traced a phone call they made to a contact in New York City back to the garage where they were working. All six men were returned to Virginia under heavy security. Upon their return, they were held on $10 million bond each.
Much of what has been revealed about the escape came from fellow inmate Dennis Stockton. Stockton was also on death row for murder and originally planned to escape with them, but backed out because he anticipated his case would be overturned on appeal. During the escape, he wrote down everything that happened minute by minute in his diaries, which were later published in a Norfolk, Virginia newspaper, the Virginian Pilot. Stockton did not succeed in his appeal and was executed in 1995.
Execution dates of escapees
Linwood Briley – October 12, 1984
James Briley – April 18, 1985
Earl Clanton – April 14, 1988
Derick Peterson – August 22, 1991
Willie Leroy Jones – September 11, 1992
Lem Tuggle – December 12, 1996
All were executed by electrocution, except for Tuggle, who was executed by lethal injection.
Reforms following the escapes
The 1984 escapes resulted in the Virginia corrections system undertaking reforms, and several personnel being adversely affected. The director of the Department of Corrections was forced to resign. The warden of the facility, Gary Bass, was transferred from that position. In federal courtroom testimony in a case involving the prison on September 27, 1984, Bass stated that various lawsuits against the prison had weakened morale among corrections staff and left them feeling that the "ACLU was running the prison".
In the years that followed the 1984 escape, the department undertook many reforms at Mecklenburg Correctional Center. Educational programs were introduced for inmates, as well as work details. COs received better training, to reduce prisoner abuse and ensure that force was used only when emergency situations warranted it. The number of inmate-on-CO assaults dropped significantly in the following years.
Facility reclassification
The prison was proposed for closure by Governor L. Douglas Wilder in 1993. However, the succeeding administration of Governor George F. Allen determined that Mecklenburg should remain open, reclassifying it from a maximum security to medium security 'intake' facility. During the prison's last decade of operation, it was used to house inmates short term. They were newly convicted and spent a few months at Mecklenburg before being classified based on their security risk and reassigned to other prisons.
Death row was moved from this facility to Sussex I State Prison near Waverly, Virginia in 1997.
Closure
In 2011, Virginia Governor Bob McDonnell ordered MCC closed, citing removal of 1,000 Pennsylvania inmates who were housed at another facility (Green Rock Correctional Center) under contract. MCC closed May 24, 2012 and was slated for demolition in 2013. The Virginia Department of Corrections plans to limit what is sent to a landfill to just 50 tons of demolition debris, or 2 percent of the project’s estimated total. In November, 2017, the demolition of the center was completed and the land was deeded to the town of Boydton. It has been zoned M-1 for possible future industrial use.
See also
List of prison escapes
References
Further reading
"Escape Taught Hard Lesson - Death Row Flight Saw Fear Wipe Out Security Illusion", Frank Green and Michael Hardy, Richmond Times-Dispatch, May 29, 1994
"Plot Warnings Were in Vain", Frank Green and Wes Allison, Richmond Times-Dispatch, May 29, 1994
"Five Years After 'Great Escape' - Bomb Set Off Prison Changes", Jim Mason, Richmond Times-Dispatch, May 30, 1989
External links
"Mecklenburg Correctional Center (male classification/intake institution)." Virginia Department of Corrections. Retrieved on August 22, 2010.
Defunct prisons in Virginia
Mecklenburg County, Virginia
Capital punishment in Virginia
1977 establishments in Virginia
2012 disestablishments in Virginia
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18701520
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Grossinger
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Richard Grossinger
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Richard Grossinger (born Richard Towers) (born 1944) is an American writer and founder of North Atlantic Books in Berkeley, California.
Biography
Grossinger was born and raised in New York City, attended Horace Mann School, Amherst College, and the University of Michigan, earning a B.A. in English at Amherst and a Ph.D. in anthropology at Michigan. With his wife (then girlfriend at Smith College) Lindy Hough, he founded the journal Io in 1964, then founded North Atlantic Books in Vermont in 1974. Between 1970 and 1972 he taught anthropology at the University of Maine, Portland-Gorham, now the University of Southern Maine, and between 1972 and 1977 he taught interdisciplinary studies (including alchemy, Melville, Classical Greek, Jungian psychology, and ethnoastronomy) at Goddard College in Plainfield, Vermont. An ethnographer and self-described psychospiritual explorer as well as a writer and publisher, he has "studied" or "trained" in homeopathic medicine, somatic theory, t'ai chi ch'uan, craniosacral therapy, qigong, Breema, yoga, and something called "psychic healing".
His brother was Jonathan Towers, a poet who committed suicide in 2005. His daughter is filmmaker, author and performance artist Miranda July.
Bibliography
Books written by Grossinger
Solar Journal (Oecological Sections) (1970) Black Sparrow Press
Spaces Wild & Tame (1971) Mudra
The Book of the Earth and Sky (1971, 2 Vols) Black Sparrow Press
Mars: A Science Fiction Vision (1972) Io Books [No ISBN]
Two Essays (Sparrow 7) (1973) Black Sparrow Press [No ISBN]
The Continents (1973) Black Sparrow Press
The Book of Being Born Again into the World (1974) North Atlantic Books
Book of the Cranberry Islands (1974) Black Sparrow Press
The Windy Passage from Nostalgia (1974) North Atlantic Books
The Long Body of the Dream (1974) North Atlantic Books
Martian Homecoming at the All-American Revival Church (1974) North Atlantic Books
The Slag of Creation (1975) North Atlantic Books
The Provinces (1975) North Atlantic books
Unfinished Business of Doctor Hermes (1976) North Atlantic Books
Planet Medicine: From Stone-Age Shamanism to Post-Industrial Healing (1980/1990) North Atlantic Books
The Night Sky: The Science and Anthropology of the Stars and Planets (1981/1988/1992) North Atlantic Books
Nuclear Strategy and the Code of the Warrior (1984) North Atlantic Books
Embryogenesis: Species, Gender and Identity (1985/2000) North Atlantic Books
Waiting for the Martian Express: Cosmic Visitors, Earth Warriors, Luminous Dreams (1989) North Atlantic Books
Homeopathy: An Introduction for Skeptics and Beginners (1993) North Atlantic Books
Planet Medicine: Modalities (1995/2003) North Atlantic books
New Moon (1996) Frog Ltd
Out of Babylon: Ghosts of Grossinger's (1997) Frog Ltd
Homeopathy: The Great Riddle (1998) North Atlantic Books
Embryos, Galaxies, and Sentient Beings: How the Universe Makes Life(2003) North Atlantic Books
On the Integration of Nature: Post 9-11 Biopolitical Notes (2005) North Atlantic Books
Migraine Auras: When the Visual World Fails (2006) North Atlantic Books
The New York Mets: Myth, Ethnography, Subtext (2007) Frog Ltd
The Bardo of Waking Life (2008) North Atlantic Books
2013: Raising the Earth to the Next Vibration (2010) North Atlantic Books 9781556438783
Works edited by Grossinger
The Alchemical Tradition in the Late Twentieth Century (1970)
Baseball Diamonds: Tales, Traces, Visions & Voodoo from a Native American Rite (1980 with Kevin Kerrane)
Planetary Mysteries: Megaliths, Glaciers, The Face on Mars, and Aboriginal Dreams (1986, Revised 1993)
The Dreamlife of Johnny Baseball (1987 with works by Tom Clark, Jerome Klinkowitz, Grossinger, W.P. Kinsella, Richard Russo, Nancy Willard)
Into the Temple of Baseball (1990/2000 with Kevin Kerrane)
Select Io Journal editions
#4: Alchemy Issue. 1967.
#5: Doctrine of Signatures. 1968.
#6: Ethnoastronomy Issue. 1969.
#8: Dreams Issue on Oneirology. 1971.
#9: Mars: A Science Fiction Vision. 1971.
#10: Baseball Issue. 1971.
#12: Earth Geography Booklet No. 1. 1972.
#13: Earth Geography Booklet No. 2. 1972.
#14: Earth Geography Booklet No. 3. 1973.
#15: Earth Geography Booklet No. 4. 1973.
#18: Early Field Notes From the All-American Revival Church. 1973.
#19: Mind/Memory/Psyche. 1974.
#20: Biopoesis. 1974.
#21 'Vermont: Geology and Mineral Industries, Flora, Fauna & Conditions of Sky (1974)
#22: An Olson-Melville Sourcebook, Vol. 1: The New Found Land/North America. 1976.
#23: An Olson-Melville Sourcebook, Volume 2: The Mediterranean. 1976.
#24: Baseball, I Gave You All the Best Years of My Life (1977 with Kevin Kerrane; 1992 with Lisa Conrad)
#25: Ecology and Consciousness: Traditional Wisdom on the Environment. 1978.
#26: Alchemy: Pre-Egyptian Legacy, Millennial Promise 1979.
#31: Alchemical Tradition in the Late Twentieth Century. 1983/1991.
#34: The Temple of Baseball. 1985.
#37: Planetary Mysteries 1986.
#46: Nuclear Strategy and the Code of the Warrior (with Lindy Hough). 1992
References
External links
richardgrossinger.com
North Atlantic Books
1944 births
Living people
American male non-fiction writers
American spiritual writers
Jewish American writers
New Age writers
Horace Mann School alumni
Amherst College alumni
University of Michigan alumni
University of Maine faculty
21st-century American Jews
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165933
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark%20Madsen%20%28basketball%29
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Mark Madsen (basketball)
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Mark Ellsworth Madsen (born January 28, 1976) is an American basketball coach and former NBA player who is the head coach of Utah Valley University of the Western Athletic Conference (WAC). Due to his hustle and physical style of play, he received the nickname "Mad Dog" while playing for the San Ramon Valley High School Wolves - the moniker continued during his time with the Stanford Cardinal and beyond. He played professionally in the National Basketball Association (NBA) with the Los Angeles Lakers, winning two NBA championships. He also played for the Minnesota Timberwolves.
College career
Madsen played NCAA basketball at Stanford, where he finished his career ranked in the school's career top 10 in blocks and rebounds. In addition, Madsen helped the Cardinal to four NCAA tournament appearances, including a Final Four berth in 1998. Perhaps his signature moment at Stanford was his dunk and free throw that gave Stanford a lead over Rhode Island, propelling the team into the Final Four, where it lost to eventual champion Kentucky. Madsen was a two-time All-American and a two-time All-Pac-10 selection.
Professional career
Los Angeles Lakers (2000–2003)
The Los Angeles Lakers selected Madsen in the first round (29th pick overall) of the 2000 NBA draft. He contributed to the Lakers' NBA championships in 2001 and 2002, and became well known for his goofy dances at the victory parades for those championships.
Talking about his prime with the Lakers, Shaquille O'Neal said that the only player who could thwart him from his dominant play was Madsen. "He used to beat me up in practice", O'Neal said.
Minnesota Timberwolves (2003–2009)
Madsen signed with the Timberwolves as a free agent before the start of the 2003–04 NBA season. He played six seasons for the Wolves.
On July 20, 2009, Madsen was traded to the Los Angeles Clippers along with Craig Smith and Sebastian Telfair in exchange for Quentin Richardson. On August 21, 2009, he was waived by the Clippers.
His career averages were 2.2 points, 2.6 rebounds, and 0.4 assists and 11.8 minutes played per game.
Coaching career
Los Angeles D-Fenders (2013)
Following being waived, Madsen was hired as the assistant coach for the Utah Flash of the NBA Development League (D-League). In 2012, he was hired as an assistant coach at Stanford. On May 13, 2013, he was named head coach of the Los Angeles D-Fenders, a D-League team owned by the Los Angeles Lakers. On July 19, 2013, Madsen was promoted to a player development coach position with the Lakers. On September 16, 2014 Madsen was promoted to full-fledged assistant coach by Byron Scott. After Byron Scott was dismissed as head coach of the Lakers, new head coach Luke Walton retained Madsen as assistant coach on July 1, 2016.
Utah Valley (2019–present)
Madsen was hired as the head coach at Utah Valley University on April 14, 2019.
Personal
Madsen is a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Madsen speaks Spanish, acquiring the language from a two-year mission abroad in Málaga, Spain on behalf of his church following his graduation from high school.
As a youth, Madsen attained the rank of Eagle Scout and credits Scouting with teaching him about leadership, character and mentoring.
In fall 2010, Madsen enrolled in the Stanford Graduate School of Business. In June 2012, he received an M.B.A. degree with a Certificate in Public Management.
Madsen married Hannah Harkness on September 3, 2016.
NBA career statistics
Regular season
|-
| style="background:#afe6ba;" align="left" | †
| align="left" | L.A. Lakers
| 70 || 3 || 9.2 || .487 || 1.000 || .703 || 2.2 || .3 || .1 || .1 || 2.0
|-
| style="background:#afe6ba;" align="left" | †
| align="left" | L.A. Lakers
| 59 || 5 || 11.0 || .452 || .000 || .648 || 2.7 || .7 || .3 || .2 || 2.8
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | L.A. Lakers
| 54 || 22 || 14.5 || .423 || .000 || .590 || 2.9 || .7 || .3 || .4 || 3.2
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Minnesota
| 72 || 12 || 17.3 || .495 || .000 || .483 || 3.8 || .4 || .5 || .3 || 3.6
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Minnesota
| 41 || 14 || 14.7 || .515 || .000 || .500 || 3.1 || .4 || .2 || .3 || 2.1
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Minnesota
| 62 || 7 || 10.9 || .409 || .000 || .426 || 2.3 || .2 || .4 || .3 || 1.2
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Minnesota
| 56 || 0 || 8.4 || .535 || .000 || .517 || 1.6 || .2 || .2 || .2 || 1.1
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Minnesota
| 20 || 6 || 7.6 || .158 || .000 || .250 || 1.9 || .2 || .2 || .1 || .5
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Minnesota
| 19 || 1 || 6.1 || .214 || .000 || .000 || .9 || .2 || .1 || .1 || .3
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
| 453 || 70 || 11.8 || .457 || .063 || .527 || 2.6 || .4 || .3 || .2 || 2.2
Playoffs
|-
| style="background:#afe6ba;" align="left"| 2001†
| align="left" | L.A. Lakers
| 13 || 0 || 3.7 || .077 || .000 || .600 || .8 || .3 || .0 || .2 || .4
|-
| style="background:#afe6ba;" align="left"| 2002†
| align="left" | L.A. Lakers
| 7 || 0 || 1.4 || .000 || .000 || .000 || .3 || .0 || .0 || .0 || .0
|-
| align="left" | 2003
| align="left" | L.A. Lakers
| 12 || 2 || 14.1 || .419 || .000 || .438 || 2.3 || 1.0 || .3 || .2 || 2.8
|-
| align="left" | 2004
| align="left" | Minnesota
| 17 || 0 || 13.1 || .531 || .000 || .448 || 3.4 || .1 || .3 || .2 || 2.8
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
| 49 || 2 || 9.2 || .403 || .000 || .460 || 2.0 || .4 || .2 || .2 || 1.7
Head coaching record
College
Due to irregularities in the WAC standings due to cancelled games resulted from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic throughout the season, Utah Valley and Grand Canyon were declared co-champions in the regular season as both teams had 9 wins in conference play. This was contrary to the fact Utah Valley finished with one extra loss and thus an inferior winning percentage in conference play.
References
External links
1976 births
Living people
20th-century Mormon missionaries
All-American college men's basketball players
American expatriate basketball people in Spain
American men's basketball coaches
American men's basketball players
American Mormon missionaries in Spain
Basketball coaches from California
Basketball players at the 1998 NCAA Division I Men's Final Four
Basketball players from California
College men's basketball head coaches in the United States
Goodwill Games medalists in basketball
Latter Day Saints from California
Los Angeles D-Fenders coaches
Los Angeles Lakers assistant coaches
Los Angeles Lakers draft picks
Los Angeles Lakers players
Minnesota Timberwolves players
Power forwards (basketball)
Sportspeople from Walnut Creek, California
Stanford Cardinal men's basketball coaches
Stanford Cardinal men's basketball players
Utah Flash coaches
Utah Valley Wolverines men's basketball coaches
Universiade gold medalists for the United States
Universiade medalists in basketball
Medalists at the 1999 Summer Universiade
Competitors at the 2001 Goodwill Games
|
45319573
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1710%20Naval%20Air%20Squadron
|
1710 Naval Air Squadron
|
1710 Naval Air Squadron is a support organisation based in HM Naval Base Portsmouth that is tasked with the recovery, repair, modification and scientific support of UK military aviation. It was formed on 27 May 2010 by combining the existing Mobile Aircraft Repair Transport and Salvage Unit (MARTSU), Mobile Aircraft Support Unit (MASU), Naval Aircraft Materials Laboratory (NAML) and other smaller units.
The squadron is currently organised into three sections. The first has thirteen teams that repair and recover British military helicopters and unmanned air systems worldwide. The second, Service Modification, designs, manufactures and fits urgent operational and safety modifications to front line helicopters. The third, Materials and Monitoring, provides
technical and scientific support to British military and commercial aviation.
The unit supports worldwide operations both ashore and afloat.
References
External links
Royal Navy, 1710 Squadron website
1700 series Fleet Air Arm squadrons
Military units and formations established in 2010
2010 establishments in the United Kingdom
|
41581567
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbridge%20River
|
Mbridge River
|
The Mbridge is a river in northern Angola. Its mouth is at the Atlantic Ocean near the town of N'Zeto in Zaire Province. Its origin is near the city of Cuimba, and it forms part of the boundary between Zaire and Uige Provinces. Its tributaries include the Lufunde, the Lucunga, the Luqueia, and Lufua.
Construction of a bridge over the river near N'Zeto was expected to be complete in late 2013.
The river mouth and sand spit were featured on a 2008 stamp issued by Angola.
See also
List of rivers of Angola
References
Rivers of Angola
|
44831727
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uani%20%27Unga
|
Uani 'Unga
|
Uani "Devin" Unga (born December 28, 1987) is an American football linebacker coach at Southern Utah University, and a former linebacker himself. He played college football at Oregon State in 2009 and 2010 before transferring to Brigham Young in 2012 and led the nation in tackles his final season in 2013. He served a two-year Mormon mission to Guatemala City Central after high school.
He was undrafted in 2014, and played his entire professional career with the New York Giants.
Professional career
New York Giants
Unga was not drafted in the 2014 NFL Draft after suffering a serious knee injury on the final play in his college career.
Unga was signed by the New York Giants on December 23, 2014, as a member of the practice squad, up until that point he spent the season rehabbing a knee injury. On September 5, 2015, Unga made the final 53-man roster for the New York Giants On September 13, 2015, Unga would get his first career start against the Dallas Cowboys where he recorded his first career interception against Tony Romo in a 27-26 loss. Unga recorded his second interception in a September 24, 2015, game against the Redskins.
On May 10, 2016, Unga was waived/injured by the Giants and was placed on injured reserve.
On February 8, 2017, Unga was released by the Giants.
Coaching career
It was announced that Unga will be a Defensive administrative assistant at Utah State University beginning for the 2017 football season. On February 12, 2018 'Unga was added as a full-time coach at Utah State University to coach the outside linebackers, ending his playing career.
Personal life
His older brothers, Paul and J.J. Unga, were also football players. Paul, a defensive end at Arizona State and J.J. an offensive guard at Midwestern State. He also has a twin brother Feti who played linebacker at Oregon State. His younger brother Metuisela plays tight end for the University of Hawaii and his other younger brother Chris plays defensive tackle for Utah State. He is the cousin of former NFL running backs Harvey Unga, Reno Mahe, and Naufahu Tahi.
References
External links
Southern Utah University bio
BYU Cougars bio
New York Giants bio
1987 births
Living people
Oregon State Beavers football players
Sportspeople from Pomona, California
Players of American football from California
American football linebackers
American people of Tongan descent
American Latter Day Saints
21st-century Mormon missionaries
BYU Cougars football players
New York Giants players
|
19969729
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eva%20Cox
|
Eva Cox
|
Eva Maria Cox (née Hauser; born 21 February 1938) is an Austrian-born Australian writer, feminist, sociologist, social commentator and activist. She has been an active advocate for creating a "more civil" society. She was a long-term member of the Women's Electoral Lobby (WEL), and is still pursuing feminist change by putting revaluing social contributions and wellbeing onto political agendas, as well as recognising the common ground between Australia's First Nations and feminist values of the importance of the social.
Early life
Eva Maria Hauser was born into a Jewish family in Vienna in 1938, less than three weeks before the Anschluss (12 March 1938) that left her and her family stateless. The following year, she travelled with her mother Ruth, a final-year medical student, to England, UK; she spent the war—technically as an enemy alien in Surrey. Her father, Richard Hauser, joined the British Army in Palestine, and her grandparents and other relatives sought refuge in Sydney. After the war, her father worked for the United Nations Refugee Association in Rome, Italy, where Cox continued her schooling for two years. In 1948 she joined her mother's extended family in Sydney.
In Sydney she attended Sydney Girls' High School. Two years after arrival, her father began a relationship with the pianist Hephzibah Menuhin, who was at that time married to an Australian grazier, Lindsay Nicholas, and living in western Victoria. Hauser and Menuhin divorced their respective spouses to marry, and Menuhin became Cox's stepmother. Cox attended the University of Sydney from 1956 to 1957, where she met Germaine Greer and Robert Hughes and became associated with the Sydney Push. However, she chose to leave university to travel throughout Europe, where she met John Cox. They married on return to Sydney, and in 1964, they became parents of a daughter, named Rebecca. Rebecca was conceived in Hughenden, Queensland, where Eva Cox had gone to reunite with her husband after they had separated. In 1969 they separated again.
Career
Cox returned to study as a single mother in the early 1970s, graduating with an Honours degree in Sociology from the University of New South Wales (UNSW) in 1974, and became a tutor and research consultant in that department. In the 1970s, Cox became a spokeswoman for the WEL and she later helped to found the Women's Economic Think Tank. Cox was director of the New South Wales Council for Social Service (NCOSS) from 1977 to 1981 and she was awarded a Churchill Fellowship in 1980.
Cox was part of the feminist magazine Refractory Girl during the 1980s and became a media spokeswoman, in addition to her activism in anti-war and feminist issues. She also established the first Commonwealth-funded after-school childcare centre, at Glenmore Road Public School in Paddington, New South Wales.
In 1981 and 1982, Cox was an adviser to the Federal Shadow Minister for Social Services, Senator Don Grimes. In 1989, she commenced operating a small private consultancy firm, Distaff Associates, and lectured from 1994 until 2007 at Australia's University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), where she finished as program director of social inquiry.
Cox delivered the 1995 Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) Boyer Lectures presentation, entitled "A Truly Civil Society", which highlighted the importance of social capital. Cox's book Leading Women was published the following year and explored the topic of power in relation to gender. She is a prolific writer and social commentator and her articles can be read in Crikey and The Conversation.
From 2007 to 2015, Cox was a Fellow of the Centre for Policy Development. From 2007 she has been a professorial fellow at Jumbunna Indigenous House of Learning at UTS—Cox works with the latter on evidence bases for social policy. Cox continues as the director of Distaff Associates and is convenor of the Women's Equity Think Tank (WETTANK), a further development of the Women's Economic Think Tank. In March 2014, Cox joined former Australian High Court judge Michael Kirby, among others, to become a patron of Touching Base, a New South Wales-based organisation that provides information, education and support for disabled clients, sex workers and disability service providers. In 2015, following in the footsteps of Jack Mundey who was prominent in the Green Bans movement, she became a patron of the campaign to save the public housing of Millers Point from further development.
Honours
Cox was appointed as an Officer (AO) of the Order of Australia in 1995 for her services to women's welfare and was named Humanist of the Year in 1997 by the Council of Australian Humanist Societies.
In 2011, she received an Australia Post Legends Award and her face appeared on a postage stamp as part of a series of four stamps honouring women who have advanced the cause of gender equality—the other three women were Germaine Greer, Elizabeth Evatt and Anne Summers.
Personal life
It was only after settling in Australia that Cox started to become aware of her Jewish identity and the Jewish community. She is agnostic and a humanist. According to her Twitter profile in March 2014, Cox is based in Sydney, Australia and seeks to "make the societies we live in more civil, with feminism, fairness and equity, with less emphasis on economic materialism". On her personal website, she refers to herself as a "political junkie" and explains her passion for activism by suggesting, "My father used to embarrass me and adolescent friends by asking what we had done to save the world that day, so maybe it's genetic to feel that if something is wrong, I should try to fix it."
Bibliography
Cox E. and Goodman J., Bullying at an Australian university: practices and implications, EUR October 2005
Cox, Eva, In Defence of Social Capital: A reply to Blue Book 8, Arena Magazine 76 June 2005
Cox E. (2005), A Better Society: Ingredients for Social Sustainability in ed Adams P. and Spender D., The Ideas Book, UQP Brisbane
Bloch, B. and Cox E. (2005), Jewish Women and Australian in Braham, G. and Mendes P. Jews in Australian Politics, Sussex University Press
Cox E. (2002), Australia, Making the Lucky Country in Putnam R., Democracies in Flux: The evolution of social capital in contemporary society, OUP NY
Cox E. (2000), The Light and Dark of Volunteering (2000) in Warburton J. and Oppenheimer M. (Ed), Volunteers and Volunteering, Federation Press, Sydney.
Cox E. (2000), Diversity and Community: Conflict and Trust? in Vasta E. (Ed), Citizenship, Community and Democracy, Macmillan UK.
Cox E. and Caldwell C. (2000), Making Policy Social in Winter, I. ed., Social Capital and Public Policy.
Notes
External links
Official website
Eva Cox in the Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth Century Australia
1938 births
Australian activists
Australian feminist writers
Australian sociologists
Australian women non-fiction writers
Jewish emigrants from Austria to Australia after the Anschluss
Living people
Officers of the Order of Australia
People educated at Sydney Girls High School
University of New South Wales alumni
Australian women activists
20th-century Australian women writers
20th-century Australian non-fiction writers
21st-century Australian women writers
21st-century Australian non-fiction writers
|
37977472
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-1%20World%20Grand%20Prix%202012%20Final
|
K-1 World Grand Prix 2012 Final
|
K-1 World Grand Prix 2012 Final was a kickboxing event promoted by the K-1 promotion. It took place on March 15, 2013 in Zagreb, Croatia. It was the 19th annual K-1 World GP Final and the first K-1 event since the establishment of K-1 Global Holdings Ltd by EMCOM Entertainment. For the first time in history it was held outside Japan.
Results
Xiangming Liu was replaced with Xie Chuang.
Taishan was replaced with Frank Muñoz.
Miran Fabjan was replaced with Giannis Sofokleus, then Sofokleus with Edmond Paltatzis.
Makoto Uehara was replaced with Pavel Zhuravlev.
Ben Edwards was replaced with Badr Hari.
K-1 World Grand Prix 2012 Tournament bracket
1 featured in K-1 World Grand Prix 2012 in Tokyo Final 16.
* Makoto Uehara and Ben Edwards were unable to fight - their places in the Quarter Finals were taken by Pavel Zhuravlev and Badr Hari
** Badr Hari was unable to fight in the Semi Finals due to injury - his place was taken by Reserve Fight winner Dževad Poturak.
See also
List of K-1 events
List of K-1 champions
References
K-1 events
2013 in kickboxing
Kickboxing in Croatia
2013 in Croatian sport
Sports competitions in Zagreb
2010s in Zagreb
March 2013 sports events in Europe
|
58506159
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kei%20Nakazawa
|
Kei Nakazawa
|
is the professional name of , a Japanese writer and professor. Nakazawa has won the Gunzo Prize for New Writers and the Noma Literary New Face Prize, and two of her novels have been adapted for film. Since 2005 she has been a professor of literature at Hosei University.
Early life and education
Nakazawa was born in Yokohama in 1959. Her family later moved to Tateyama, Chiba, where Nakazawa's father died in 1970. At the age of 18 Nakazawa wrote , a sexually explicit story about a high school girl whose unrequited love for a male classmate leads to conflict with her mother. Umi o kanjiru toki won the 1978 Gunzo Prize for New Writers and sold over 600,000 copies in Japan. Nakazawa attended Meiji University, and married her husband while still a student.
Career
Nakazawa followed Umi o kanjiru toki with the novel and the short story collection . In 1985, when Nakazawa was 25 years old, her mother died at the age of 40. That same year, Nakazawa published , which won the 7th Noma Literary New Face Prize. After she won the award, her marriage ended in divorce. In subsequent years Nakazawa wrote several more books, including the 1999 novel , about childhood sweethearts who have a love affair despite being involved with other people, and the 2000 novel , a story about junior high school students in a brass band.
Since 2005 Nakazawa has been a professor of literature at Hosei University. In 2007 Nakazawa was the subject of one volume of Kanae Shobō's Contemporary Women Writer Readers series of books, each of which compiles selections from an author's works, an annotated bibliography, and critical essays from other authors. In 2013 a film adaptation of her novel Gakutai no usagi, starring Masaru Miyazaki and directed by Takuji Suzuki, premiered at the 26th Tokyo International Film Festival. A film adaptation of her novel Umi o kanjiru toki, directed by Hiroshi Ando and starring Yui Ichikawa, and based on a decades-old Haruhiko Arai script that Nakazawa originally refused to allow to be filmed, was released in 2014. Umi o kanjiru toki held its international premiere at the 2015 Rotterdam Film Festival under the English title Undulant Fever.
In addition to her fiction writing, Nakazawa is an essayist who regularly writes opinion columns on current events for Asahi Shimbun. In 2015 she published the nonfiction book , a series of conversations with professionals from different fields about the rise of hate speech.
Recognition
1978 – 21st Gunzo Prize for New Writers
1985 – 7th Noma Literary New Face Prize
Bibliography
, Kodansha, 1978,
, Kawade Shobo Shinsha, 1981,
, Kodansha, 1981,
, Kodansha, 1985,
, Kodansha, 1999,
, Shinchosha, 2000,
, Jinbun Shoin, 2015,
Film adaptations
Gakutai no usagi, 2013
Umi o kanjiru toki (Undulant Fever), 2014
References
1959 births
Living people
20th-century Japanese women writers
20th-century Japanese novelists
21st-century Japanese novelists
21st-century Japanese women writers
Japanese women novelists
Japanese women academics
People from Yokohama
People from Tateyama, Chiba
|
12291167
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East%20Staffordshire%20%28UK%20Parliament%20constituency%29
|
East Staffordshire (UK Parliament constituency)
|
East Staffordshire or Staffordshire East (formally the Eastern division of Staffordshire) was a county constituency in the county of Staffordshire. It returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the bloc vote system.
History
The constituency was first created by the Second Reform Act for the 1868 general election, and abolished by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 for the 1885 general election.
Boundaries
1868–1885: The Hundreds of Offlow (North) and Offlow (South) (excluding the Townships of Willenhall and Wednesfield), and the parish of Rushall.
Members of Parliament
Election results
Elections in the 1860s
Elections in the 1870s
McClean's death caused a by-election.
Elections in the 1880s
References
Parliamentary constituencies in Staffordshire (historic)
Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom established in 1868
Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom disestablished in 1885
|
19955698
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kukawki%2C%20Wo%C5%82omin%20County
|
Kukawki, Wołomin County
|
Kukawki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jadów, within Wołomin County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately north-west of Jadów, north-east of Wołomin, and north-east of Warsaw.
References
Villages in Wołomin County
|
24689420
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanshi%20District%2C%20Baoding
|
Nanshi District, Baoding
|
Nanshi District ( is a former district of Baoding, Hebei, China. In May 2015, it was merged with Beishi District to form the new Lianchi District.
Administrative divisions
There were five subdistricts and four townships at the time of merging:
Subdistricts:
Lianmeng Subdistrict (), Hongxing Subdistrict (), Yuhua Subdistrict (), Yonghua Subdistrict (), Nanguan Subdistrict ()
Townships:
Nandayuan Township (), Jiaozhuang Township (), Yangzhuang Township (), Wuyao Township ()
References
County-level divisions of Hebei
|
14544938
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan%20Mason
|
Dan Mason
|
Dan Mason (born Daniel Grassman; February 9, 1857 – July 6, 1929) was an American actor. He appeared in more than one hundred films from 1913 to 1929. He is remembered as the "Skipper" in the "Toonerville Folks" comedy films.
Selected filmography
References
External links
1857 births
1929 deaths
American male film actors
|
14746064
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%20Mary%27s%20Church%2C%20Somers%20Town
|
St Mary's Church, Somers Town
|
St Mary's Church is a Church of England church behind Euston station on Eversholt Street in Somers Town, London Borough of Camden.
History
It was designed by Henry William Inwood as a chapel of ease for St Pancras Old Church (which resumed being a parish in its own right in 1852) and built between 1824 and 1827 by I. T. Seabrook. A Parliamentary grant paid for the construction, though local taxation funded the purchases of the chapel's interior decoration and the site itself. It was consecrated on 11th Mary 1826 and soon afterwards it became famous for converting several local people from Roman Catholicism there.
Early on, the chapel was known as "Mr. Judkin's Chapel" or "Seymour Street Chapel" and was attended during his schooldays by Charles Dickens, who was then living nearby with his family at 13 Cranleigh Street. Augustus Pugin satirised the chapel's architecture, comparing it with Bishop Skirlaw's Chapel. The interior was the subject of two schemes, the 1874 one of J K Colling and the 1890 one of R C Reade - in the latter, traceried transoms were added to the windows and the west gallery taken out. In 1888 a chancel was added and the side galleries removed.
It was designated a Grade II listed building on 10 June 1954.
Modern day
Since 1 June 2003, it has formed part of the Old St Pancras Team Ministry (which also includes St Michael's Church, Camden Town, St Pancras Old Church and St Paul's Church, Camden Square).
Notable clergy
A former parish priest at St. Mary's was Basil Jellicoe.
Rob Wickham, curate from 2001 to 2003; later Bishop of Edmonton
References
External links
GENUKI
Churches completed in 1852
19th-century Church of England church buildings
Somers Town
Somers Town
1852 establishments in England
|
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