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44,881,106 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "quant-ph/0502069",
"DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevA.71.032101",
"MAG": "1968923597",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
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|
A Markovian wave-function collapse model is presented where the collapse-inducing operator, constructed from quantum fields, is a manifestly covariant generalization of the mass-density operator utilized in the nonrelativistic continuous spontaneous localization (CSL) wave-function collapse model. However, the model is not Lorentz invariant because two such operators do not commute at spacelike separation, i.e., the time-ordering operation in one Lorentz frame, the 'preferred' frame, is not the time-ordering operation in another frame. However, the characteristic spacelike distance over which the commutator decays is the particle's Compton wavelength so, since the commutator rapidly gets quite small, the model is 'almost' relativistic. This quasirelativistic CSL (QRCSL) model is completely finite: unlike previous, relativistic, models, it has no (infinite) energy production from the vacuum state. QRCSL calculations are given of the collapse rate for a single free particle in a superposition of spatially separated packets, and of the energy production rate for any number of free particles: these reduce to the CSL rates if the particle's Compton wavelength is small compared to the model's distance parameter. One motivation for QRCSL is the realization that previous relativistic models entail excitation of nuclear states which exceeds that of experiment, whereas QRCSL does not; an example ismore » given involving quadrupole excitation of the {sup 74}Ge nucleus.« less
|
2022-12-12T23:41:20.980Z
|
4,048,918 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1128/mBio.00644-17",
"MAG": "2623245340",
"PubMedCentral": "5472806"
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ABSTRACT Lateral gene transfer (LGT) profoundly shapes the evolution of bacterial lineages. LGT across disparate phylogenetic groups and genome content diversity between related organisms suggest a model of bacterial evolution that views LGT as rampant and promiscuous. It has even driven the argument that species concepts and tree-based phylogenetics cannot be applied to bacteria. Here, we show that acquisition and retention of genes through LGT are surprisingly rare in the ubiquitous and biomedically important bacterial genus Streptomyces. Using a molecular clock, we estimate that the Streptomyces bacteria are ~380 million years old, indicating that this bacterial genus is as ancient as land vertebrates. Calibrating LGT rate to this geologic time span, we find that on average only 10 genes per million years were acquired and subsequently maintained. Over that same time span, Streptomyces accumulated thousands of point mutations. By explicitly incorporating evolutionary timescale into our analyses, we provide a dramatically different view on the dynamics of LGT and its impact on bacterial evolution. IMPORTANCE Tree-based phylogenetics and the use of species as units of diversity lie at the foundation of modern biology. In bacteria, these pillars of evolutionary theory have been called into question due to the observation of thousands of lateral gene transfer (LGT) events within and between lineages. Here, we show that acquisition and retention of genes through LGT are exceedingly rare in the bacterial genus Streptomyces, with merely one gene acquired in Streptomyces lineages every 100,000 years. These findings stand in contrast to the current assumption of rampant genetic exchange, which has become the dominant hypothesis used to explain bacterial diversity. Our results support a more nuanced understanding of genetic exchange, with LGT impacting evolution over short timescales but playing a significant role over long timescales. Deeper understanding of LGT provides new insight into the evolutionary history of life on Earth, as the vast majority of this history is microbial. Tree-based phylogenetics and the use of species as units of diversity lie at the foundation of modern biology. In bacteria, these pillars of evolutionary theory have been called into question due to the observation of thousands of lateral gene transfer (LGT) events within and between lineages. Here, we show that acquisition and retention of genes through LGT are exceedingly rare in the bacterial genus Streptomyces, with merely one gene acquired in Streptomyces lineages every 100,000 years. These findings stand in contrast to the current assumption of rampant genetic exchange, which has become the dominant hypothesis used to explain bacterial diversity. Our results support a more nuanced understanding of genetic exchange, with LGT impacting evolution over short timescales but playing a significant role over long timescales. Deeper understanding of LGT provides new insight into the evolutionary history of life on Earth, as the vast majority of this history is microbial.
|
2022-12-26T15:33:38.392Z
|
221,716,613 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1364/cleo_qels.2020.fm3q.3",
"MAG": "3089983157",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
By 2D Raman mapping, we observe a spatially correlated linear dependence between molecular Raman scattering (MRS) and electronic Raman scattering (ERS) signals, revealing the same nanoplasmonic │E│4 enhancement factors for both MRS and ERS processes.
|
2022-12-03T20:49:14.020Z
|
227,647,029 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.33559/MI.V12I6.838",
"MAG": "3087121445",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Women over the age of 35 years, in addition to physically began to weaken, also the possibility of the emergence of various health risks, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and other diseases. Age over 35 years old risk of labor, section of cesaria. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the risk of pregnancy and childbirth in women aged over 35 years in Midwifery Room RSUD Solok year 2017. This research is descriptive conducted in Midwifery Room RSUD Solok year 2017 conducted on 12 June 29017. The population in this study were all pregnant women and mothers aged over 35 years, the sample is 146 respondents with sampling technigue is total sampling. Data processing through computerized data system is analyzed in the form of univariate analisis. From the results of the study found that pregnant women aged over 35 years a fraction of (23,3%) had preeklamsia, a fraction of (5,0%) had diabetes mellitus, a fraction of (1,7%) had ectopic pregnancy, a fraction of (3,5%) had placenta previa, a fraction of (16,3%) had abortion, a fraction of (3,5%) had premature birth, a fraction of (4,7%) had BBLR, a fraction of (2,3%) had proglonged labor, almost some (39,5%) had cesarian section, more than half of (63,3%) of mothers had pregnancy at risk, most (84,9%) of mothers had a risky delivery. Is expected for health workers, RSUD Solok counseling team, as well as health cadres in the field to continue to conduct health counseling on pregnant women and make efforts to health education and prevention of pregnancy age over 35 years. Keyword : Risk of pregnancy, Child birth
|
2022-01-27T11:32:57.523Z
|
73,463,683 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/vr.l938",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This focus article has been prepared by David Welchman, veterinary lead of the APHA Avian Expert Group, Rowena Hansen, veterinary lead for avian virology at APHA Weybridge, and Alex Schock, team leader of the diagnostic and consultant avian pathology services at APHA Lasswade
|
2022-02-11T09:01:37.493Z
|
95,558,496 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1135/cccc19930506",
"MAG": "2041131926",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Five model binary systems differing in the relative volatilities and their changes were used to simulate the effect of random errors and bias in the L-G equilibrium phase composition on the calculation of the number of theoretical stages of a continuously working rectification column in various operating conditions.
|
2022-02-10T15:40:34.607Z
|
89,971,619 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5455/faa.296696",
"MAG": "2807287193",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.5455/faa.296696"
}
|
Biological control of pathogens continues to be developed with antagonistic rhizobacteria is a promising strategy for banana plant protection. This study aimed to assess the ability of Bacillus subtilis on suppression of Fusarium wilt, biochemical changes and leaf gas exchange under water stress condition on banana cultivar Berangan. Different water stress was given based on field capacity at [well watered (100% FC), mild stress (75% FC) and severe stress (50% FC) and inoculated with different volume of Bacillus subtilis (0, 20, 40, and 60 mL) at concentrations of 108 CFU mL-1. The plantlets were challenged inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum one week after Bacillus subtilis were applied. The treatments were assigned by split plot design in randomized complete block design arrangement. The plants were destructively sampled at 45 and 90 day after transplanting (DAT). Results showed that, applications of Bacillus subtilis at high rate (60 mL) reduced disease incidence by 35.28% and 45.09% at 45 and 90 DAT respectively. Disease severity decreased by 39.83% at 45 DAT and increased by 45.09% at 90 DAT and under well watered conditions. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content was high in control treatment than the plants inoculated with Bacillus subtilis. To summarize, inoculation with 60 mL of Bacillus subtilis in rhizosphere soil to fight against Fusarium wilt could be promoted the plant health under water stress condition.
|
2022-02-10T19:16:34.120Z
|
13,355,292 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-0860.2013.01.016",
"MAG": "2410271975",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
气管无名动脉瘘是气管切开术后少见但非常凶险的并发症，由于发病迅猛，常因窒息及失血性休克而死亡，临床抢救成功率低[1]。我院2000年2月至2012年6月共抢救4例气管切开术后大出血患者，3例死亡，疑为无名动脉破裂，1例手术中得以证实并修复无名动脉破裂口抢救成功，现将抢救体会报告如下。
|
2022-02-13T03:35:59.168Z
|
138,407,133 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.12989/SCS.2016.20.1.001",
"MAG": "2292489081",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The strength and stiffness of the steel beams to concrete-filled tubular columns connections are significantly reduced if the thick-walled components are used. However, the thick-walled tubes used for columns can largely reduce the demand for space and increase the strength-to-weight ratio. This paper describes the cyclic performance of extended through-diaphragm connections between steel beams and thick-walled concrete-filled tubular columns improved with fillets around the diaphragm corners. Test on one full-scale connection was conducted to assess the seismic behavior of the connection in terms of strength, stiffness, ductility, deformation, energy dissipation, and strain distribution. It is shown that the fillets and extended through-diaphragm can alleviate the stress concentration in the connection and thus improve the seismic performance. The test results demonstrate that the through-diaphragm connections with thick-walled concrete-filled tubular columns can offer sufficient energy dissipation capacity and ductility appropriate for its potential application in seismic design.
|
2022-08-24T02:04:22.749Z
|
96,601,791 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/00032710008543069",
"MAG": "2104150009",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ABSTRACT A specific method for the spectrophotometric determination of palladium with N.N'-diphenylbenzimidoylthiourea (DPB1TU) is described. The method in new, simple, rapid and applicable over 0.3-1.0 M HC1 and free from interferences of the precious metals i.e. Ag, Au, Pt, Ir, Rh, Ru, Os. The value of molar absorptivity of the complex in the term of Pd is (2.50)x104 L mole−1 cm−1at λmax 365 nm in chloroform. The detection limit of the method at 3 σ a is 80 ppb Pd. The composition of the complex and effect of diverse ions in the determination of Pd are discussed. The application of the method has been tested for the analysis of the metal in catalytic material.
|
2022-08-31T10:18:08.809Z
|
18,637,637 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/jhps/hnw014",
"MAG": "2343590690",
"PubMedCentral": "5005062"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://academic.oup.com/jhps/article-pdf/3/3/223/7195235/hnw014.pdf"
}
|
The normal value of alpha angle is controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the alpha angle in asymptomatic volunteers versus patients who had undergone surgery for symptomatic cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and determine a diagnostic cut-off value for symptomatic cam impingement. This is a diagnostic test study. Cases were defined as those patients who had undergone surgery for symptomatic cam or mixed type FAI. Controls were defined as asymptomatic volunteers, with no history of hip pain who had undergone a computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis for a non-joint or bone-related reason. In both groups, the alpha angle was measured in an oblique axial CT reconstruction of the femoral neck. A logistic regression model was first estimated and a receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was then calculated. The diagnostic cut-off value selected was the one that maximizes sensitivity and specificity. Data were analysed from 38 consecutive cases of cam or mixed FAI and 101 controls. The average alpha angle was 67°(±12°) among cases and 48°°(±5°) among controls. An odds ratio of 1.28 [1.18–1.39] was obtained. A ROC curve of 0.96 [0.93–0.99] was calculated, and using an alpha angle of 57° as the diagnostic cut-off value, provided a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 95%. If a patient complains of hip pain and an alpha angle of 57° is found in CT, strongly suggest that cam impingement is causing the pain.
|
2022-11-18T01:14:58.848Z
|
95,843,228 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4141/CJSS95-012",
"MAG": "2032441445",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Fallow continues to be a common agronomic practice on the southern Canadian prairies, but it has been associated with increased soil erosion and salinity and declining soil fertility. Field experiments were conducted at Lethbridge, Alberta, from 1987 to 1992 to determine the effects of various fallow treatments on weed control, conservation of surface crop residues, accumulation of soil water, and succeeding spring and winter wheat yields. Conventional cultivation during the fallow year with 168-cm sweeps controlled most spring-germinating weeds but did not adequately control overwintered flix-weed or downy brome. Repeated applications of glyphosate and 2,4-D effectively controlled most weeds. Paraquat did not control wild buckwheat or dandelion. Glyphosate alone often did not control wild buckwheat or Russian thistle. Treatments involving a combination of herbicides and tillage gave the best control of all weed species. Although not as effective in conserving surface crop residues as sole use of herbicid...
|
2022-12-15T02:42:27.133Z
|
219,013,247 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3997/2214-4609.202030010",
"MAG": "3022744559",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Summary We present a near-surface application of monitoring using two types of fibre optic measurements: Active Heating Distributed Temperature Sensing (AH-DTS) and Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS). We performed infiltration and extraction experiments in a well field of a drinking water company. The goals of the experiments are testing the suitability of various monitoring methods and acquiring knowledge about the groundwater flow behaviour in relation to clogging. The AH-DTS data show that there is a difference in measured ΔT between the situation of flow and no flow. The ΔT will be converted to groundwater flow velocities using an empirical relationship recently established in the laboratory. The DAS data of a different infiltration experiment (using hot water) show that there is a coherent acoustic response from the infiltration. More research, however, is required to understand this signal. Measurements with a different geophysical technique (Electrical Resistivity Tomography, ERT) show that the groundwater flow can be imaged using this technique, even though the temperature differences between the ambient groundwater and the infiltration water during normal operation of the well-field are very small. The combined results from different techniques will be used to optimise operation and to reduce clogging of the well screens.
|
2022-07-22T02:13:12.574Z
|
100,182,685 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1127/EJM/4/1/0213",
"MAG": "2465765637",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Gels of different compositions in the feldspar system, BaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 -KAlSi 3 O 8 -NaAlSi 3 O 8 , were crystallised at temperatures of 650 to 900°C and pressures of 1 to 3 kbar. A region containing two feldspars was observed near the albite-corner of the ternary diagram, whereas the Ba-rich and K-rich feldspars were found to be homogenous. Preliminary results on the variations of two lattice parameters, volume and β-angle, with composition are presented in two ternary diagrams
|
2022-10-29T17:06:04.607Z
|
221,404,420 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/bjh.17049",
"MAG": "3082756294",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/bjh.17049"
}
|
Spontaneous abortion is a common, detrimental outcome of pregnancy, and can be induced by a variety of factors, including pathophysiological conditions and socioeconomic circumstances. Despite numerous studies examining the aetiology of spontaneous abortion, there is limited understanding of the disordered iron transportation between mother and fetus through the placenta. Recently, erythroferrone (ERFE) was recognized as a novel negative regulator of hepcidin that can elevate nutritional iron absorption and macrophagic iron egress for enhanced erythropoiesis. However, its diagnostic significance in different disease conditions associated with iron remains poorly understood. In the current study, we discovered disordered maternal iron homeostasis in women who had spontaneous abortions during early pregnancy, as characterized by increased serum iron and hepcidin levels, and conversely, reduced serum ERFE levels, compared to healthy control individuals and women with normal pregnancy. Comprehensive statistical analyses revealed the correlation between different variables and pregnancy status, signifying the pronounced diagnostic value of an increased ratio of serum hepcidin and ERFE (HE ratio) in recognizing adverse pregnancy status. In contrast to previous non‐selective discrete surrogates, such as iron, hepcidin and ferritin, the HE ratio may otherwise stand for a novel and more representative hallmark for early spontaneous abortion.
|
2022-11-11T07:46:56.557Z
|
143,333,235 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/BERJ.3037",
"MAG": "1966332555",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In recent years, the concept of Assessment for Learning (AfL) has travelled across countries, giving rise to a range of educational policy initiatives and school development projects. While researchers have focused on issues such as how formative assessment can support student learning and lead to more efficient classroom practices, less attention has been paid to the collaborative work required to develop shared assessment practices at the school level, and to the integration of AfL-related principles and tools in the collective practice. This paper focuses on the challenges emerging for a teacher team engaging with an AfL project in a lower secondary school in Norway. By employing concepts and perspectives from social practice theory, AfL is understood as a problem complex that needs to be explored and developed locally. We have analysed data from seven video-recorded meetings of an AfL team, supplemented by interviews and field notes, in order to make visible the micro processes of teachers' collaborative work. The analysis shows how the teachers needed to rework historically established practices and principles, which in turn called for a negotiation and re-contextualisation of new concepts and artefacts in their efforts to develop shared assessment practices. This again required ways of representing existing practices and imagining future scenarios. Based on these observations we recommend that AfL projects be understood in their wider curricular, institutional, and social contexts, and that the constructive dimensions of teachers' collaborative work in such projects should be acknowledged.
|
2022-12-08T23:44:08.753Z
|
128,479,321 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1590/S0103-20032007000400007",
"MAG": "2011359319",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Procura-se identificar a viabilidade economica de cinco sistemas de dessalinizacao por osmose reversa para o suprimento de agua dessalinizada, para consumo humano, em comunidades rurais cearenses. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Estado do Ceara. Os dados primarios foram coletados por meio de questionarios e os secundarios obtidos junto aos orgaos municipais e do estado. Usa-se a metodologia de analise de investimento, considerando-se o enfoque economico. Conclui-se que a inexistencia da boa pratica de gestao dos sistemas resulta em inviabilidade economica de alguns dessalinizadores, quando avaliados pelo consumo efetivo, principalmente daqueles de 400 e 600 litros/hora, gera ineficiencias no acompanhamento tecnico, impossibilita melhor analise da performance dos sistemas, acarreta oferta descontinua de agua e desconforto das familias beneficiarias. Em razao das limitacoes impostas pelos gestores, da baixa producao e dos defeitos que trazem paralisacoes constantes dos aparelhos, a demanda efetiva de agua restringe-se a metade do que os sistemas sao capazes de produzir.
|
2022-12-02T10:44:41.195Z
|
18,584,052 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ipcon.2014.6994966",
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"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We have developed the Interferometric Reflectance Imaging Sensor (IRIS) for label-free, high throughput, high sensitivity and dynamic detection of molecular binding on a solid surface. Recently, we have demonstrated IRIS with the ability to detect single nanoscale particles. To detect and size nanoparticles, IRIS shines light from visible LED sources on nanoparticles bound to the sensor surface, which consists of a silicon dioxide layer on top of a silicon substrate. Interference of light reflected from the sensor surface is modified by the presence of particles producing a distinct signal that reveals the size of the particle. In our approach the dielectric layered structure acts as an optical antenna optimizing the elastic scattering characteristics of nanoparticles for sensitive detection and analysis. We have successfully detected low-index dielectric particles with r=30 nm, Au and Ag nano particles with r=10nm, and various viruses (H1N1, VSV, Ebola) with accurate size discrimination. Single nanoparticle detection with IRIS led to protein and DNA arrays with attomolar detection sensitivity in serum and unprocessed whole blood.
|
2022-12-11T14:01:57.179Z
|
156,479,554 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/00905992.2016.1238885",
"MAG": "2339804468",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/254877/1/Zeveleva-2016-Nationalities_Papers-AM.pdf"
}
|
This article addresses the relationship between the concepts of national identity and biopolitics by examining a border-transit camp for repatriates, refugees, and asylum seekers in Germany. Current studies of detention spaces for migrants have drawn heavily on Agamben’s reflection on the “camp” and “homo sacer,” where the camp is analyzed as a space in a permanent state of exception, in which the government exercises sovereign power over the refugee as the ultimate biopolitical subject. But what groups of people can end up at a camp, and does the government treat all groups in the same way? This article examines the German camp for repatriates, refugees, and asylum seekers as a space where the state’s borders are demarcated and controlled through practices of bureaucratic and narrative differentiation among various groups of people. The author uses the concept of detention space to draw a theoretical link between national identity and biopolitics, and demonstrates how the sovereign’s practices of control and differentiation at the camp construct German national identity through defining “nonmembers” of the state. The study draws on ethnographic fieldwork at the Friedland border transit camp and on a discourse analysis of texts produced at the camp or for the camp.
|
2022-12-12T14:57:22.530Z
|
97,340,663 |
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"DOI": "10.1002/EJIC.201201080",
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}
|
Mononuclear copper(II) salen-type Schiff base complexes, CuIIL1–5 [H2L1 to H2L5 = tetradentate N,N,O,O ligands derived from 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, 3,5-dibromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde, 5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane, respectively] were prepared in situ in the presence of a copper(II) salt or by direct complexation between a copper(II) salt and a presynthesised Schiff base. The compounds {CuL1, CuL1·0.5Py, CuL2·0.375CH2Cl2, (CuL3)[Cu(4-Me-Py)4Cl]Cl·2H2O, CuL4, CuL4·CHCl3 and CuL5, as well as the isolated ligand H2L3} were characterised by elemental analysis, spectroscopic methods (IR, UV/Vis, 1H NMR, EPR) and X-ray crystallography. The formation of a 12-membered central chelate ring in these complexes is effected by the tetramethyldisiloxane unit, which separates the aliphatic chains, thus significantly reducing the mechanical strain in such a chelate ring. We dub this a “shoulder yoke effect” by analogy with the load-spreading ability of such an ancient device. The coordination geometry of copper(II) in CuIIL1–5 can be described as tetrahedrally distorted square-planar. Maximum tetrahedral distortion of the coordination geometry expressed by the parameter τ4 was observed for CuL1 (0.460), while distortion was minimal for the two crystallographically independent molecules of CuL2 (0.219 and 0.284). The Si–O–Si bond angle varies markedly between 169.75(2)° for CuL1 and 154.2(3)° for CuL4·CHCl3. Charge-density and DFT calculations on CuL1 indicate high ionic character of the Si–O bonds in the tetramethyldisiloxane fragment. The new copper(II) complexes bearing the disiloxane moiety have been shown to act as catalyst precursors for the aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde mediated by the TEMPO radical, reaching yields and TONs up to 99 % and 990, respectively, under mild and environmentally friendly conditions (50 °C; MeCN/H2O, 1:1).
|
2022-12-14T19:36:36.536Z
|
206,352,614 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1055/s-0033-1351330",
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|
Abdominal desmoid tumors are so called non-metastatic tumors. They occur by proliferation of fibroblasts of muscle, fascia or aponeuroses. After breast reconstruction with a DIEP flap (Deep Inferior epigastric Artery Perforator Flap), a progressive growth of a desmoid tumor was seen around the DIEP-anastomosis. A total excision was not possible without compromising the vascular pedicle. With taking into account a recurrence rate up to 65% another operation is probably necessary. In this case the main vessels of the graft have to be cut out and a necrosis of the flap can or may appear.
|
2022-01-27T08:12:24.682Z
|
28,177,446 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/028418517701800207",
"MAG": "2199865640",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Retention of contrast medium in the renal pelvis for several days after urography is illustrated in 2 cases of obstructing urinary stones. In a third case water-soluble contrast medium was used for retrograde pyelography before nephrectomy and was retained in the stenotic ipsilateral ureter 7 1/2 months after the operation. A further case exemplifies retention in the seminal vesicles 2 months after vasoseminal vesiculography.
|
2022-02-12T14:31:15.022Z
|
204,075,027 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.22156/CS4SMB.2019.9.4.152",
"MAG": "2976883742",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of transaction characteristics on transaction cost and choice intention by applying transaction cost theory to experiential product. Experience-specificity, transaction uncertainty, and personal uncertainty are proposed to reflect the characteristics of experiential products, and the effects of these variables on transaction costs and transaction costs are assumed to have an influence on the choice intention. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, experience-specificity(site, physical equipment, knowledge·skill, temporal), transactional uncertainty(product-, process-), personal uncertainty (preference-, and situation-) have a significant positive effect on transaction cost. Second, transaction costs (search, comparison, examination, negotiation, payment, delivery) have a significant negative effect on the choice intention of the experiential product. The results of this study show that the increase of transaction costs can reduce the choice of experiential products and the strategic consideration of experience specificity, transaction uncertainty and individual uncertainty are required to reduce transaction costs. In addition, experiential products lacked access from a transactional and cost-based point of view, and this study contributes theoretically by compensating for the lack.
|
2022-04-22T18:45:49.142Z
|
37,822,806 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/tbj.12236",
"MAG": "2094924180",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A 60-year-old woman with a history of hypertension, coronary artery disease status postcoronary artery bypass grafting, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal insufficiency, and prior simultaneous mitral and tricuspid valve replacements, presented to the emergency room with a chief complaint of right arm edema and a draining wound from the right breast. The patient had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting seven and a half years prior to presentation and simultaneous mitral and tricuspid valve replacements approximately five and a half years prior. Multiple subxiphoid epicardial pacing wires were left in place following the valvular replacement surgery. The patient was admitted to our institution, and wound and blood cultures were obtained along with a chest x-ray, Figure 1. Subsequently, a targeted ultrasound examination of the right breast was performed at the site of the wound drainage, along the right inframammary fold. The ultrasound revealed a 2.8 cm discoid fluid collection along a linear tract in the region of the right inframammary fold consistent with phlegmon. A linear echogenic structure was also noted posterior to the fluid collection. This echogenic structure had the appearance of a foreign body and was thought to represent either a wire or catheter, Figure 2. A noncontrast chest CT scan was taken to further evaluate both the fluid collection in the right breast and the suspected foreign body. The chest CT scan revealed a 5.0 9 1.0 cm fluid collection in the inferior right breast anterior to the rib cage with a sinus tract to the skin in the inferolateral right breast. The fluid collection contained a retained epicardial pacing wire with extension into the pleural space adjacent to the pericardium and the right atrial appendage. The wire also extended into the pleural space and then traversed an intercostal space. Additionally, there was an associated pleural fluid collection measuring ~6.0 cm in maximal dimension, Figure 3. The wound cultures from the right breast revealed methacillin-resistant staph aureus, while the blood cultures were negative. After IV administration of vancomycin, the patient underwent wound debridement of the right breast by a team off both breast and cardiothoracic surgeons in the operating room. A 17.3-cm epicardial pacing wire was removed from the right breast during surgery. Subsequently, ~3 weeks following surgery, the patient died as a result of unrelated subdural hemorrhage. Figure 1. Chest x-ray findings, on the day of admission, reveal median sternotomy wires, aortic and mitral valve replacements, and abandoned epicardial pacing wires (arrow) faintly projecting over the right hemithorax. Additionally, the cardiac silhouette is enlarged with pulmonary edema and moderate bilateral pleural effusions.
|
2022-01-28T12:06:55.124Z
|
112,146,961 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2514/6.2010-6663",
"MAG": "2332002961",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
*† ‡ § ¶ This paper shows how a "green" monopropellant could be used in the Myriade propulsion subsystem to increase lifetimes and decrease costs of micro satellite operations. The ADN (Ammonium dinitramide) based propellant LMP-103S and the 1N HPGP (High Performance Green Propulsion) thruster are introduced and examined for their compatibility with Myriade. Furthermore the feasibility and constraints of adapting the new technology are discussed. The paper will list possible complications and give solutions to those.
|
2022-07-16T13:10:08.402Z
|
89,086,299 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S0890037X00045632",
"MAG": "2531205096",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Field experiments conducted in 1991, 1992, and 1993 evaluated Palmer amaranth and devil's-claw control and cotton injury with pyrithiobac applied PPI, PRE, or POST. Pyrithiobac at 36 or 71 g ae/ha applied PPI, PRE, or POST did not injure cotton. Pyrithiobac at 140 g/ha applied PPI or PRE injured cotton 9 to 11% 6 wk after treatment. Cotton recovered and no injury was observed 12 wk after treatment. Pyrithiobac applied PPI and PRE at 71 g/ha controlled Palmer amaranth at least 97% 6 wk after treatment. Palmer amaranth control with pyrithiobac applied POST was more variable and influenced by environmental conditions. Palmer amaranth control with 71 g/ha of pyrithiobac exceeded that with 36 g/ha. Devil's-claw control with pyrithiobac was better with POST applications than PPI or PRE applications. Pyrithiobac applied POST at 140 g/ha controlled devil's-claw 83–97%. These studies indicate that pyrithiobac can effectively control Palmer amaranth and devil's-claw in cotton on the Texas Southern High Plains when applied at appropriate rates and timings.
|
2022-08-21T04:16:10.917Z
|
3,334,902 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1159/000288261",
"MAG": "1966468470",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The issue of whether there are specific constellations of intrapsychic conflicts, personality structures and symptom patterns within the general population is investigated by means of a representative epidemiological field cohort study. Out of a population of 600 adults three groups are compared: probands who are suffering from functional cardiac symptoms, those who are suffering from headaches and a sample of 'healthy' probands. The interview protocols of these probands were examined to identify typical conflict patterns. Finally the raters had to give a 'blind' overall diagnosis. Six criteria differentiating the 3 samples were identified and the 'blind' overall ratings were compared with the actual diagnosis. The results are discussed with regard to a hypothesis from the literature.
|
2022-09-05T23:09:16.897Z
|
7,926,970 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1103/PHYSREVB.41.5396",
"MAG": "1973410920",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Etude des excitations collectives dans les niveaux de Landeau pour un superreseau ou les couches ont alternativement des densites correspondant a un facteur de remplissage de 1/3 et 1/5 du niveau de Landau le plus bas. La dispersion des modes mixtes s'elargit en bandes, comme dans le cas d'un superreseau ayant le meme facteur de remplissage dans chaque couche. La nature de la dispersion est cependant differente de celle d'un systeme a un composant
|
2022-12-01T12:44:44.889Z
|
95,661,927 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/EJIC.201001036",
"MAG": "2020440637",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This microreview gives an overview about advances in bioinorganic model chemistry for molybdenum- and tungsten-dependent oxidoreductases with respect to specific aspects of the evolution, structure or function of distinct active-site properties. The approaches to evaluate catalytic properties fine-tuned by the ligand sphere, interpret and assign enzyme spectra and to understand why two different metals are used for the same task but in distinct habitats and respective evolutionary aspects are discussed on the basis of exemplary case studies. This short review provides a personal perspective and appreciation of the complex problems associated with the respective foremost synthetic and analytical model chemistry and their solutions partly accompanied and supported by theoretical results.
|
2022-12-18T04:22:12.669Z
|
232,309,298 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/jbio.202100024",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/jbio.202100024"
}
|
Two‐photon fluorescence lifetime imaging is a versatile laboratory technique in the field of biophotonics and its importance is also growing in the field of in vivo diagnostics for medical purposes. After years of experience in dermatology, endoscopic implementations of the technique are now posing new technical challenges. To develop, test, and compare instrumental solutions for this purpose suitable reference samples have been devised and tested. These reference samples can serve as reliable NADH‐ and FAD‐mimicking optical phantoms for 2‐photon fluorescence lifetime imaging, as they can be prepared relatively easily with reproducible and stable characteristics for this quite relevant diagnostic technique. The reference samples (mixtures of coumarin 1 and coumarin 6 in ethanol with suitable amounts of 4‐hydroxy‐TEMPO) have been tuned to exhibit spectral and temporal fluorescence characteristics very similar to those of NADH and FAD, the two molecules most frequently utilized to characterize cell metabolism.
|
2022-12-25T23:06:29.796Z
|
255,081,836 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.30783/nevsosbilen.1195530",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/2734868"
}
|
Orta Çağ Avrupası`nda yaşayan bireyler dindar insanlardır. Hac her ne kadar Hıristiyanlıkta yapılması zorunlu bir ibadet olmasa da sıklıkla kutsal mekanları ziyaret etmişlerdir. Tek bir hac mekanının olmaması işlerini bir miktar kolaylaştırmıştır. Bu ziyaretlerin tek sebebi günahların bağışlanması değildir. Sağlık, zenginlik, cezadan kurtulma gibi dilekler de söz konusudur. Bir hac mekanını ziyeret eden kimse öncelikle önemli ayinlere katılmakta, perhiz yaparak bedenini arındırmakta, ardından sadakalar dağıtıp bağışlar yapmaktadır. Bir mezarın kutsal kabul edilebilmesi için röliklere sahip olması gerekmektedir. Bu rölikler kutsal kişilerin uzuvlarından parçalar olabileceği gibi, dokunduğu eşya, kumaş ya da mezarından toz da olabilmektedir. Hac seyahatlari zamanla gelir getiren bir sektör haline gelmiş ve liderler tarafından da desteklenmiştir. Yola çıkan insanlar genellikle kalabalık gruplar halinde seyahat etseler de sayılarının çokluğu ve yaşanan kazalar güvenlik tedbirlerini zorunlu kılmıştır. Hacılar ziyaretlerinden dönerken kendilerine yararlı olacağı inancıyla bazı hatıra objeleri de yanlarında götürmüşlerdir.
|
2022-12-30T01:19:00.532Z
|
241,930,566 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.25170/balance.v16i1.1288",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYSA",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://ejournal.atmajaya.ac.id/index.php/BALANCE/article/download/1288/661"
}
|
The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of investment opportunity set (IOS), profitability on firm value is intervening by stock prices. This study used 14 plantation sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2013-2017 with a sampling technique that was purposive sampling using structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis. The results showed that IOS had no affect stock prices. Profitability has a positive effect on stock prices. IOS has a positive effect on company value. Profitability had no effect the value of the company. Stock prices have a positive effect on firm value. IOS had no effect the value of the company intervening by stock prices. Profitability has a positive effect on firm value intervening by stock prices. The advice given is for company management and the government to carry out domestic and international synergies. Domestic synergy aims to create product downstream, political, legal and economic stability. While international synergy aims to secure the export portion, sustainable plantation socialization and open new markets
|
2022-07-09T09:45:16.453Z
|
181,171,411 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.14780/IIBD.86369",
"MAG": "2308741553",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Siyasal pazarlama politikacilara ve siyasi partilere marka perspektifinden bakarak farkli bir anlayis sunmaktadir. Bu calisma, marka kisiligi temelinde Turkiye’de, 2011 ile 2014 arasi toplumu ve siyasal ortami etkileyen onemli gelismelerin, siyasi parti ve liderlerinin marka kisiliklerindekialgilamadegisimlerini incelemeyi amaclamaktadir. Secimler, siyasi protestolar vecesitli siyasi iddialarin,parti ve liderlerin marka kisiligi algilari uzerindebir farka yol acip acmadigi, acmissa da bunun nasil ve hangi acilardan oldugunun ortaya konulmasi hedeflenmektedir. Calismanin amaci, farkli donemlerde olcumlere yaparak, sosyal ve siyasi olaylarin politik marka kisiliginin algilanmasi uzerindeki etkilerinin anlasilmasidir.
|
2022-07-29T12:50:58.461Z
|
16,827,930 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICCSE.2009.5228550",
"MAG": "1991622021",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper proposes a model structure based on “mathematical model and solid model” and a simulation algorithm based on SPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis) for virtual experiment system. In this model, the virtual experiment simulates real experiment via abstracting experiment scenes, instrument objects and element objects from actual experiment and constructing mathematical and solid model with object-oriented method. And familiar modeling methods and technologies are discussed in detail. In the simulation algorithm, SPICE is redeveloped and imbedded in the multimedia interface as simulating kernel, which succeeds in solving integration of simulation technology and multimedia technology. In the paper, an application example is also given. Test results show that the virtual experiment system achieves excellent performance in designability, arbitrariness of operation and interaction with sense of reality, which makes users operate it with great interest just like doing real experiments and gains good effect in experiment teaching.
|
2022-09-29T23:48:30.596Z
|
249,786,314 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.1105.7",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
An important unresolved question in skeletal muscle plasticity is whether or not satellite cells are necessary for muscle hypertrophy. To address this issue, a novel mouse line (Pax7‐DTA) was created which enabled the conditional ablation of satellite cells in mature skeletal muscle. Following tamoxifen administration (2mg/d for 5 d), Pax7 immunohistochemistry and FACS analysis revealed > 90% ablation of satellite cells. To test the hypothesis that satellite cells are necessary for skeletal muscle hypertrophy, plantaris muscles of adult Pax7‐DTA mice were subjected to mechanical overload. Following two weeks of overload, satellite cell‐depleted muscle showed the same 2‐fold increase in muscle mass and fiber cross‐sectional area with hypertrophy as observed in the vehicle‐treated group. Single fiber analysis revealed a lack of myonuclear accretion with hypertrophy in satellite cell‐depleted muscle, resulting in a significant increase in myonuclear domain. Long‐term BrdU labeling showed a significant reduction in the number of BrdU‐positive myonuclei in satellite cell‐depleted muscle in comparison to vehicle‐treated muscle. These results provide convincing evidence that satellite cell‐depleted skeletal muscle is capable of mounting a robust hypertrophic response to mechanical overload.
|
2022-10-14T01:11:00.671Z
|
42,891,315 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TDEI.2017.006196",
"MAG": "2728769508",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The injection and accumulation of space charge in the bulk of XLPE insulation will be intensified due to the ageing of HVDC cable insulation which will affect the normal operation of the HVDC cable. In this paper, the effects of thermal stress of different endurance time and temperature on the space charge distribution of HVDC cable were studied. The samples used in the tests were all slices of 160 kV DC cable insulation and the thermal stress temperatures were 90 and 135 °C, which represented the low temperature thermal stress and high temperature stress, respectively. The Pulsed Electro-Acoustic (PEA) method was used to measure the space charge accumulation and decay characteristics of the samples. And then, the electron trap properties of the test samples were analyzed based on the PEA space charge decay model. Meanwhile, in order to further understand the influence of thermal stress on the physicochemical property of the samples, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) tests were conducted in this paper. The results showed that the 90 °C thermal treating could help to improve the crystalline morphologies of the XLPE at the early stage which led to the decrease of electro traps and space charge density. However, for a much longer thermal stress, the total amount of space charge would trend to increase with the gradually degradation of the XLPE caused by long term thermal stress. Besides, the high temperature thermal stress of 135 °C caused the rapid degradation of the XLPE molecular structure, reducing the crystallinity, creating more deep traps in the insulation and resulting in the accumulation of space charge. With more deep electron traps, the de-trapping process became much more difficult and slower.
|
2022-11-24T18:43:35.937Z
|
30,010,054 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4103/0378-6323.201340",
"MAG": "2594226933",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.4103/0378-6323.201340"
}
|
A 15‐year‐old boy presented with multiple small blisters on his scrotum with occasional discharge of serous fluid on minor trauma for the duration of 6 months [Figure 1]. His medical records revealed a history of scrofuloderma of both inguinal regions 2 years ago that healed with prominent scars with antitubercular drugs. Cutaneous lymphangiectasia arises from obstruction to lymphatic drainage with subsequent
|
2022-12-12T19:15:20.152Z
|
1,459,994 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01391.x",
"MAG": "181416742",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01391.x"
}
|
Summary. In contrast with extensive information on the management of deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities, little is known on the most appropriate treatment of the superficial vein thrombosis (SVT). In a multicenter, prospective, controlled, double‐blind, double‐dummy clinical trial, 164 consecutive patients with acute SVT of the great saphenous vein were randomized to receive the s.c. administration of either fixed prophylactic doses (2850 a‐Xa IU) or body‐weight adjusted therapeutic doses of nadroparin once daily for 1 month. The main study outcome was to compare the rate of asymptomatic and symptomatic extension of SVT and/or venous thromboembolic (VTE) complications during a 3‐month follow‐up period. Of the 81 patients randomized to the prophylactic doses, seven [8.6%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.5–17.0] developed SVT progression or VTE complications as compared with six of the 83 (7.2%; 95% CI, 2.8–15.1) allocated to the treatment group (absolute difference, 1.4; 96% CI, −6.9 to 9.7; P = 0.74). No patient in either group developed major bleeding. Our findings suggest that therapeutic doses of low‐molecular‐weight heparin, administered for 1 month in patients with SVT of the greater saphenous vein do not improve results obtained by prophylactic doses, administered for the same period, over a 3‐month follow‐up period.
|
2022-12-16T00:29:32.968Z
|
130,499,635 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1306/83D90D22-16C7-11D7-8645000102C1865D",
"MAG": "2155656287",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Cores recovered in the Caribbean Sea on JOIDES Leg 15 exhibit a superb assemblage of biogenic sedimentary structures. They are identified as distinctive trace fossils (ichnogenera) similar to those well-known from land-based stratigraphic sections. They represent the burrowing behavior of benthic animals living contemporaneously with sedimentation. Some of the best examples are at sites 146 and 149 in the Venezuelan basin. These adjoining sites were drilled in abyssal depths of 3,949 and 3,472 m, respectively, and provide a complete section from Coniacian to Pleistocene. Faunal and sedimentologic evidence from the cores suggests that deposition was abyssal. The most distinctive biogenic structures are Zoophycus (a spiral web), Teichichnus (a laminated trough), and Chondrites (a regularly branched system). These represent the deep-water trace fossil assemblage of Seilacher, which has been documented in rocks of various ages deposited in bathyal and abyssal frameworks from widespread geographic areas. Because similar trace fossils are present throughout the Phanerozoic, it is disappointing that they are not recognized in modern deep-sea sediments, and the animals responsible for them have not been identified. One reason is that the traces are accentuated only with time. Our material shows a progressive enhancement of biogenic structures, from vague outlines in the softer Tertiary sediments to increasingly marked contrast and detail downward in the cores. Furthermore, little knowledge exists about modern abyssal burrowers and their burrows, and few cores have been taken for the identification of potential fossil traces. End_of_Article - Last_Page 811------------
|
2022-01-27T04:19:00.954Z
|
9,048,560 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICEBEG.2011.5881963",
"MAG": "2149955493",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
How to apply the mathematical model to determine the ratio coefficient of distributing benefit in industry-university cooperation is a difficult problem. Based on the terms of payment mode is mixed this paper studied benefit distribution in industry-university cooperation, This paper deduced the formula for calculating the best ratio coefficient through build the mathematical model, Finally use the specific data of AB corporation co-operative project made confirmatory calculation to illustrates the feasibility of the model.
|
2022-01-27T19:42:53.971Z
|
180,517,280 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.22059/jcep.2015.56849",
"MAG": "2294354226",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
فرقههای تصوف در افغانستان کمتر از منظر جایگاه سیاسی آن مورد توجه قرار گرفتهاند. این نوشتار به دنبال تبیین و تحلیل سلسلههایی از تصوف در افغانستان است که از عمارت خانقاه بیرون آمدهاند، وارد عرصه سیاست و قدرت شدهاند و جریانهای فکری-سیاسی خاصی را پدید آوردهاند. با توجه به حضور سه فرقه نقشبندیه، قادریه و اسماعیلیه در فضای صوفیگری و باطنیگری افغانستان، بحث جریانشناسی فکری- سیاسی تصوف در سلسله نقشبندیه را میتوان منتهی به جریانی دانست که خاندان مجددی رهبری معنوی و سیاسی آن را بر عهده داشته و سازمان سیاسی آن «جبهه ملی نجات» است؛ سلسله قادریه را میتوان جریانی دانست که خانواده گیلانی در آن پیر طریقت و زعیم سیاست شناخته میشود و «حزب محاذ ملی اسلامی» پایگاه سازمانی آن است. فرقه اسماعیلیه که به دلیل مشرب صوفیگرایانهاش در زمره متصوفه قرار گرفته، به جریانی کوچک اما منسجم ختم میشود که رهبری آن را خاندان سادات نادری برعهده دارد و «حزب پیوند ملی» به عنوان بازوی سیاسی آن عمل میکند.
|
2022-01-23T02:35:43.655Z
|
136,210,817 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1515/polyeng-2016-0295",
"MAG": "2594751308",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract In this study, blends of low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/aluminum nitride (AlN) ceramic nanocomposites have been prepared through melt blending technique. Increased loading of AIN leads to reduction in tensile properties but improvement in rheological property (storage modulus). The rheological behavior tends to become unique at higher frequencies (≥10 rad/s). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results show that the total crystallinity has decreased with the increase in AlN loading in the composites. It is seen that there is an improvement in electrical conductivity, dielectric constant, and flammability properties with the addition of AlN in the nanocomposites. The experimental data of tensile modulus, electrical conductivity, and dielectric constant have been fitted with some available theoretical models to check the models’ applicability for the present composite systems. Results show that only Nicolais-Nicodemo model, McCullough model, and Rahaman-Khastgir model are applicable for predicting the tensile modulus, electrical conductivity, and dielectric constant of the composites, respectively.
|
2022-12-13T23:15:23.369Z
|
21,176,625 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/0031-9155/46/1/315",
"MAG": "2014670222",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper shows the importance of using a cell model with the proper geometry, orientation and internal structure to study possible cellular effects from direct radiofrequency exposure. For this purpose, the electric field intensity is calculated, using the finite element numerical technique, in single- and multilayer spherical, cylindrical and ellipsoidal mammalian cell models exposed to linearly polarized electromagnetic plane waves of frequencies 900 and 2450 MHz. An extensive analysis is performed on the influence that the cell geometry and orientation with respect to the external field have in the value of the electric field induced in the membrane and cytoplasm. We also show the significant role that the cytoplasmic and extracellular bound water layers play in determining the electric field intensity for the cylindrical and ellipsoidal cell models. Finally, a study of the mutual interactions between cells shows that polarizing effects between cells significantly modify the values of field intensity within the cell.
|
2022-12-15T00:43:51.090Z
|
138,610,442 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1098/rspa.2002.0971",
"MAG": "2167181750",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Experimental studies have shown that the flow stress of some metals is clearly influenced by superimposed hydrostatic pressure. Flow stress increases with the hydrostatic pressure, and consequently it is often observed that the flow stress is clearly larger in a uniaxial compression test than in a uniaxial tension test. This phenomenon is known as the strength–differential effect (SDE). In addition, metals undergoing uniaxial tension and compression show a permanent volume expansion (dilatancy) which is insensitive to the sign of the hydrostatic pressure. In this paper, shear–band development in polycrystalline metal with the SDE and dilatancy is studied, using a rate–dependent crystal–plasticity model with a full three–dimensional, body–centred–cubic, slip–system structure. It is postulated that the appearances of the SDE and dilatancy are consequences of non–Schmid effects existing in each slip system. In the finite–element analyses performed here, each Gaussian integration point in a finite element represents a polycrystal consisting of many of crystal grains having different orientations. As a boundary–value problem, a rectangular specimen subjected to plane–strain tension is considered. Although the finite–element geometry is chosen to be two dimensional, the constitutive model incorporates the full three–dimensional slip–system structure. As a polycrystal model to be embedded in each integration point, an extended Taylor model is employed. Thus, macroscopic manifestations of non–Schmid effects are studied. The influences of hydrostatic stress, internal friction, plastic volume expansion and strain–rate sensitivity on macroscopic shear–band formation in polycrystals are investigated. Results are directly compared with predictions from a classical Schmid–law–based crystal–plasticity theory.
|
2022-12-20T03:45:02.171Z
|
196,555,631 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.7858",
"MAG": "2951631199",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://ard.bmj.com/content/annrheumdis/78/Suppl_2/1884.1.full.pdf"
}
|
Background The survival of the infected patients by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has increased in the last years, increasing the incidental comorbilities, being osteoporosis (OP) one of them, caused by traditional risk factors, by the ones associated to the infection itself and due to the specific treatments used. The denosumab is a human monoclonal antibody that acts against the link of the receptor that activates the nuclear kappa B (RANK-L), and among its secondary effects most commonly described, there are the infections, reason why its indication in HIV patients requires special caution. Objectives To analize efficacy, security and compliance to denosumab in HIV patients. Methods Retrospective longitudinal observational study. There were included all HIV patients with OP diagnosed by bone mineral density measured by dual-energy X-ray densitometry (DEXA) or fragility fractures treated with denosumab at Infectious Diseases Unit of our Hospital from August 2014 until December 2018. There were collected clinical data, immunological status, antiretroviral therapies, fragility fractures and duration, adverse events, tolerance and compliance to denosumab treatment. Results There were included 14 patients, 8 females and 6 males, with a mean age of 58.35 (50-73) years old, and a mean HIV evolution of 23,78 (± 9.56) years, with a mean denosumab treatment duration of 27.07 (9-58) months. They presented a DEXA mean T-score values of -2.39 for femoral neck and -2.96 for spine. There were collected a patient with múltiple vertebral fractures, and an other patient with a single vertebral fractures before started denosumab treatment and 1 distal radius fracture 9 months on denosumab treatment. There were reported adverse events in 5 of the 14 patients: 2 mild infections of the upper respiratory track, 1 injection site rash that lead to the interruption of the treatment, and 2 exitus but none of them with a direct relationship with denosumab treatment: a patient with refractory small cell lung cancer history, deceased of pneumonia, and a 77 year old woman with Alzheimer disease deceased of respiratory infection. Compliance was not met in three patients, 1 because lost of follow-up, 1 caused by bad general compliance and another because indication of odontological surgery, these two last ones are waiting for re-introduction. There have not been collected jaw osteonecrosis neither atypical fractures cases. There have not been collected viral loads or CD4 changes during the follow-up period that involved a switch for the OP treatment. The antiretroviral treatment changes have been caused by intolerances to previous treatments and treatment simplifications in order to improve the compliance, but never because denosumab concomitant therapy. Conclusion Denosumab treatment in the HIV patients of our series is well tolerated, has adequate adherence and seems safe although perhaps it should be used with greater caution in patients with comorbidities. Disclosure of Interests Isabel de la Morena Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Celgene, Pfzier, UCB, Ghebro, Roche, Sanofi, Janssen., Sara Vela: None declared, Juan Alberto Paz Solarte Employee of: He is working at UCB since December 2018, when the patient recruitment ended., Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Roche, Pfzier, Novartis, Celgene, Amgen, MSD, Janssen, Diego Bedoya: None declared, M Jose Galindo: None declared
|
2022-01-27T11:39:04.501Z
|
161,951,637 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1055/s-0038-1622593",
"MAG": "1772874430",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Gegenstand und Ziel: Krafte in magnetischen Feldern werden in der Kieferorthopadie des Hundes bislang nicht eingesetzt. Die vorliegende Studie sollte die Verwendbarkeit von Magneten als Kraftquellen fur orthodontische Apparate uberprufen. Material und Methode: NdFeB-Magnete wurden an vier Typen orthodontischer magnetischer Apparate (OMA I-IV) an 42 Hunden im Alter von drei bis neun Monaten getestet. Bei den Patienten handelte es sich um 15 Hunde mit Caninusfehlstand Grad I oder II, 10 Hunde mit Unterkieferruckbiss von 4–9 mm (Klasse 2) und Caninusmalokklusion Grad III, drei Hunde mit Unterkiefervorbiss (Klasse 3), 11 Hunde mit nach dem Zahnwechsel nicht ausreichend weit hochgewachsenen Canini sowie drei Hunde mit in der Maxilla retinierten Oberkiefercanini. Ergebnisse: Bei allen Tieren wurde eine orthodonte Verzahnung erzielt. Rezidive und Komplikationen traten in keinem Fall auf. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Orthodontische magnetische Apparate eignen sich angesichts der guten Behandlungsergebnisse zur Therapie unterschiedlicher Malokklusionen beim Hund. Sie stellen eine wertvolle, nebenwirkungsfreie Erweiterung kieferorthopadischer Behandlungsmoglichkeiten beim Hund dar.
|
2022-02-08T21:59:00.051Z
|
55,302,951 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.11113/JT.V75.4952",
"MAG": "1555189989",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Malaysiahas not yet experienced a totally severe levee failure as what have happened in other countries. However, flood has always been the major problem inMalaysiacaused by several factors including weather condition, man-made and also including levee or bund failure. Therefore, in order to produce a new alternative to improve the structures of levees and river banks, this study on preliminary investigation of soil-cement piling is done to see the possibility of it to be used in the strengthening of levee or bund and river banks. The investigation focused on determining suitable soil-cement ratio to produce soil cement pile encased in PVC pipes in terms of axial capacity. The results show that the soil-cement mixture with 11% cement ratio produced the reasonable pile axial/compressive capacity.
|
2022-02-11T20:05:46.549Z
|
83,547,430 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/J.1469-7998.1970.TB01280.X",
"MAG": "1991373940",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Four serum protein components are present at birth: α-, β- and γ-globulins and albumin.
The preferential transfer of γ rather than β-globulin, which occurs both prenatally and postnatally in this species, is reflected in the initial amounts of these proteins present at birth and in the relatively rapid increase in the concentration of γ-globulin which occurs postnatally. By five weeks of age seven protein components are discernible in the serum, which is comparable in this respect to adult serum.
The albumin/globulin ratio changes from about 1.5 at birth to about 0.3-0.4 in the active adult.
|
2022-02-11T01:18:47.489Z
|
225,601,297 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2307/j.ctvnwbzww",
"MAG": "3044361560",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
‘A refuse dump for Anglican mediocrity’: so Mervyn Stockwood described the bench of bishops in 1948, in a letter to Dame Isobel Cripps, when he was trying through Isobel and her husband, chancellor...
|
2022-06-30T14:43:15.747Z
|
43,555,473 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1104/PP.19.1.33",
"MAG": "2034327154",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The relation of oxygen pressure to some metabolic processes of plants has been examined in recent experimental work with particular reference to the energy requirements of active cells. The reactions studied under the most carefully controlled conditions are accumulation of salt and respiration by excised roots and storage organs. This is particularly true of the work by Hoagland and his associates at the University of California, and Steward at the University of London. Other investigations have been concerned with the response of entire plants to oxygen deficiency in the roots. Earlier studies compared plants grown in submerged soils with those grown in well-drained soils. It is evident that the control over such experiments is complicated by the influence of several variables such as carbon dioxide pressure, accumulation of anaerobic products, and the intervention of microbiological activity. Greater control has been possible when water cultures have been employed, exposing the root systems to continuous streams of air or relatively pure nitrogen. The influence of oxygen supply on tomato, buckwheat, barley, lupine, and other plants has been studied in this way. The oxygen relations of the rice plant present a particularly interesting and important problem since as a crop it is grown under conditions (apparently anaerobic) which inhibit the growth of many field plants. This ability of rice to thrive in submerged soil has been observed and confirmed by some research workers and denied by others. A rather large number of diverse experiments on a qualitative scale has left suspended a final estimation of the capacity of rice, real or apparent, to grow in an anaerobic root environment.
|
2022-12-10T09:36:31.207Z
|
139,594,937 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/2053-1591/aae115",
"MAG": "2890534836",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Series of nanocrystalline TiC, TiB2, and B4C powders as dopants embedded in an AISI 316L austenitic steel have been prepared and investigated by magnetic measurements. The homogeneous composites with the dopants up to x = 7 vol% exhibit superparamagnetic properties, characterized by bifurcation between the field-cooled MFC(T) and zero-field cooled MZFC(T) magnetization below Tir and a maximum at Tmax in low-field MZFC(T) curves. We found that the Tir and Tmax values depend proportionally on the dopant concentrations x. The magnetization measurements in fields above 1000 Oe suggested an induced phase transition from superparamagnetic state to ferromagnetic one but presumably without long-range magnetic correlation. An analysis of magnetic anisotropic energy barrier distributions implied that different sizes and compositional types of dopants may contribute to the superparamagnetic relaxation process. The results demonstrate possibility of obtaining new steel-based materials with desired properties and potential applications as combining magnetic and mechanical advantages.
|
2022-12-16T21:39:59.377Z
|
160,416,049 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3406/REA.2002.4874",
"MAG": "151593473",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Les noms que Theocrite donne a ses personnages ne sont pas choisis au hasard. Parfois, ils eclairent une facette de leur personnalite ou de leur position sociale, obeissant ainsi aux exigences que Platon definit dans son Cratyle. Plus souvent, Theocrite leur donne une valeur ludique en jouant sur l'onomastique traditionnelle. En veritable poete, il laisse libre cours a sa fantaisie creatrice qui se manifeste dans le choix de noms qu'il detourne de leur signification premiere, dans l'usage particulier des homonymes, voire dans le refus de nommer. Enfin, en choisissant pour lui-meme le pseudonyme de Simichidas, il suggere sa philosophie de la vie et caracterise en meme temps sa poesie.
|
2022-02-08T22:44:09.968Z
|
88,343,894 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2307/2388322",
"MAG": "2318154298",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Some aspects of the reproductive biology of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) nesting at Tortuguero, Costa Rica, were studied. Ten relationships involving reproductive and morphologic traits of recruits (first-time nesters) were analyzed. Statistically significant positive relationships were found between clutch sizes and carapace lengths of recruits, but significant negative relationships were found between sizes of hatchlings and sizes of recruits. The relative clutch mass of recruits was between 3.42 and 5.54 percent, and no significant size dependence was detected.
|
2022-02-10T20:41:29.100Z
|
220,285,230 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.13227/j.hjkx.201907160",
"MAG": "3039246767",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Spatial and temporal characteristics of release fluxes of sediment nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were investigated in the high-risk period of algal blooms in Lake Erhai. Moreover, the influence factors were examined. Results show that the release flux of N and P increased in recent years, exhibiting a clear increase in the period from 2009 to 2013, and a slight increase in the period since 2013. The release flux of dissolved total nitrogen (DTN) ranged between 11.71-14.15 mg·(m2·d)-1, within which the release flux of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) were 6.39-8.42 mg·(m2·d)-1 and 5.31-5.73 mg·(m2·d)-1, accounting for 58% and 42% of the DTN, respectively. The release flux of dissolved total phosphorus (DTP) ranged between 0.11-0.14 mg·(m2·d)-1, within which the release flux of dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) were 0.04-0.05 mg·(m2·d)-1 and 0.07-0.09 mg·(m2·d)-1, accounting for 34% and 66% of the DTP, respectively. The distribution of release flux of N showed a decreasing order:south > north > middle, while P was north > middle > south. The release flux of N increased by 17%, 13% and 23%, and the release flux of P increased by 19%, 28%, and 29% in north, middle, and south part of Lake Erhai from 2009 to 2018. Comparing the years 2009, 2013 and 2018, although the contents of N and P were stable, the release flux of N and P in the sediment was enhanced due to increasing pH and decreasing DO. Therefore, the increasing release of nitrogen and phosphorus from sediments, caused by changes in the water environment factors, should be paid attention to for the protection of Lake Erhai.
|
2022-07-12T18:10:19.905Z
|
251,368,774 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01177",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Ionizing radiation-induced paramagnetic defects in calcified tissues like tooth enamel are indicators of irradiation dose. Hydroxyapatite (HA), the principal constituent in these materials, incorporates a variety of anions (CO32-, F-, Cl-, and SiO44-) and cations (Mn2+, Li+, Cu2+, Fe3+, Mg2+, and Na+) that directly or indirectly contribute to the formation of stable paramagnetic centers upon irradiation. Here, we used an underexploited synthesis method based on the ambient temperature setting reaction of a self-hardening calcium phosphate cement (CPC) to create carbonate-containing hydroxyapatite (CHA) and investigate its paramagnetic properties following γ-irradiation. Powder X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopic characterization of the hardened CHA samples indicate the formation of pure B-type CHA cement. CHA samples exposed to γ-radiation doses ranging from 1 Gy to 150 kGy exhibited an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal from an orthorhombic CO2•- free radical. At γ-radiation doses from 30 to 150 kGy, a second signal emerged that is assigned to the CO3•- free radical. We observed that the formation of this second species is dose-dependent, which provided a means to extend the useful dynamic range of irradiated CHA to doses >30 kGy. These results indicate that CHA synthesized via a CPC cement is a promising substrate for EPR-based dosimetry. Further studies on the CHA cement are underway to determine the suitability of these materials for a range of biological and industrial dosimetry applications.
|
2022-08-16T22:27:43.522Z
|
144,420,806 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/107769908306000216",
"MAG": "2050587612",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Daily newspapers across the United States cpntinue to receive and publish more letters to the editor thanever before.1 And, as more and more contributions from so-called amateur journalists appear in print, the frequency of libel suits stemming from letters is increasing.2 While the vast majority of lettergenerated libel suits result in summary ' See Harry Stonccipkr. Editorial and Persuasive Writing; Opinion Functions of the News Media. (New York: Hastings House Publishers. 1979); Steve Pasternack and Suraj Kapoor. "The Letten Boom." The Masthead. Fall 1980. pp. 23-25.
|
2022-09-02T10:32:00.117Z
|
27,679,098 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2197/ipsjjip.23.633",
"MAG": "2157214684",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ipsjjip/23/5/23_633/_pdf"
}
|
: A large number of counterfeit banknotes have been found around the world. Every possible e ff ort must therefore be made to prevent counterfeit banknotes. We focus on NFC technology as a new countermeasure against these threats. A banknote-authentication system using NFC-tags and smartphones called a “smart-banknote system”-was developed. The smart-banknote system has three anti-counterfeiting functions, and distinguishes legitimate ban- knotes from counterfeit ones. The e ff ectiveness of the system was evaluated by fault tree analysis and flow model analysis. The evaluation shows the smart-banknote system is most e ff ective against low-level counterfeiters and is reasonably e ff ective against high-level counterfeiters. In this paper, we report a summary of the smart-banknote system and an evaluation of the e ff ectiveness of the system.
|
2022-12-16T04:09:28.848Z
|
81,630,292 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1158/1538-7445.AM2018-4639",
"MAG": "2885671084",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a breast cancer subtype with some of the poorest outcomes and is defined as tumors that lack the functional expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. TNBC has a high rate of reccurrence and therefore new therapies are needed for this disease. Recent clinical data have identified a correlation between intratumoral T cells and overall survival, suggesting the use of immunotherapy as a viable option for treating TNBC tumors. Spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) are a new class of molecules that can modulate the immune system through molecular interactions with immune cells. Immune-stimulatory SNAs consist of a dense shell of nucleic acids having multiple cytosine (C) and guanine (G) nucleotide repeats (CpG) that are radially oriented and attached to a liposomal nanoparticle core. These CpG motifs are recognized by Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and used to induce an innate immune response. TNBC-specific antigens were encapsulated within the liposomal core to direct the antitumor immune response against TNBC cells. The SNAs were tested in a 4T1 syngeneic tumor mouse model for their ability to activate the immune system and initiate an antitumor response against TNBC mammary tumors. The SNA architecture increased the co-delivery of the TLR9 activating nucleic acids and antigens into the same dendritic cell by 50% compared with delivering the nucleic acids and antigens as free entities. SNAs were retained in the tumor-draining lymph node 24 hours after a subcutaneous injection whereas the linear nucleic acids were cleared by 1 hour post-injection. Tumor-bearing mice were treated on day 6, 11, and 15 after tumor initiation with a 50 µM dose of SNAs and the primary tumor volume was measured until day 28. Treatment with SNAs enabled a 30% reduction in the final tumor volume compared with untreated tumor-bearing animals. Flow cytometric analysis of the primary tumors showed an increase in the intratumoral T-cell lymphocyte population and a decrease in the myeloid-derived suppressive cell (MDSC) population in the SNA treated group compared with the untreated group, suggesting treatment with immune-stimulatory SNAs can alter the immunosuppressive microenvironment of TNBC tumors. In addition, T cells from lymph nodes of the SNA treated group secreted more IFN-gamma after ex vivo stimulation with 4T1 lysates, indicating an antigen-specific response was generated with delivery of TNBC-specific antigens encapsulated within the SNA core. Lastly, treatment with SNAs greatly reduced the number of lung metastases in these animals. Future studies are aimed at probing how SNAs are reducing the metastatic burden and ways to increase potency against the primary tumor through potential combination therapies. Citation Format: Lisa E. Cole, Dai Horiuchi, Chad A. Mirkin. Spherical nucleic acids induce an antitumor immune response against triple-negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4639.
|
2022-12-18T01:27:20.586Z
|
207,512,457 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1254-12.2012",
"MAG": "1985007497",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Variation in sequencing of actions occurs in many natural behaviors, yet how such variation is maintained is poorly understood. We investigated maintenance of sequence variation in adult Bengalese finch song, a learned skill with rendition-to-rendition variation in the sequencing of discrete syllables (i.e., syllable “b” might transition to “c” with 70% probability and to “d” with 30% probability). We found that probabilities of transitions ordinarily remain stable but could be modified by delivering aversive noise bursts following one transition (e.g., “b→c”) but not the alternative (e.g., “b→d”). Such differential reinforcement induced gradual, adaptive decreases in probabilities of targeted transitions and compensatory increases in alternative transitions. Thus, the normal stability of transition probabilities does not reflect hardwired premotor circuitry. While all variable transitions could be modified by differential reinforcement, some were less readily modified than others; these were cases that exhibited more alternation between possible transitions than predicted by chance (i.e., “b→d ” would tend to follow “b→c ” and vice versa). These history-dependent transitions were less modifiable than more stochastic transitions. Similarly, highly stereotyped transitions (which are completely predictable) were not modifiable. This suggests that stochastically generated variability is crucial for sequence modification. Finally, we found that, when reinforcement ceased, birds gradually restored transition probabilities to their baseline values. Hence, the nervous system retains a representation of baseline probabilities and has the impetus to restore them. Together, our results indicate that variable sequencing in a motor skill can reflect an end point of learning that is stably maintained via continual self-monitoring.
|
2022-12-20T04:53:42.255Z
|
3,726,738 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5898/JHRI.1.2.Chen",
"MAG": "2156415207",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper presents an effort to enable robots to utilize open-source knowledge resources autonomously for human-robot interaction. The main challenges include how to extract knowledge in semi-structured and unstructured natural languages, how to make use of multiple types of knowledge in decision making, and how to identify the knowledge that is missing. A set of techniques for multi-mode natural language processing, integrated decision making, and open knowledge searching is proposed. The OK-KeJia robot prototype is implemented and evaluated, with special attention to two tests on 11,615 user tasks and 467 user desires. The experiments show that the overall performance improves remarkably due to the use of appropriate open knowledge.
|
2022-12-31T19:19:50.304Z
|
85,542,753 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "1903.00455",
"DOI": "10.1051/0004-6361/201935385",
"MAG": "2918942844",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2019/04/aa35385-19.pdf"
}
|
Aims. We aim to reproduce the structure of the corona above a solar active region as seen in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) using a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (3D MHD) model.
Methods. The 3D MHD data-driven model solves the induction equation and the mass, momentum, and energy balance. To drive the system, we feed the observed evolution of the magnetic field in the photosphere of the active region AR 12139 into the bottom boundary. This creates a hot corona above the cool photosphere in a self-consistent way. We synthesize the coronal EUV emission from the densities and temperatures in the model and compare this to the actual coronal observations.
Results. We are able to reproduce the overall appearance and key features of the corona in this active region on a qualitative level. The model shows long loops, fan loops, compact loops, and diffuse emission forming at the same locations and at similar times as in the observation. Furthermore, the low-intensity contrast of the model loops in EUV matches the observations.
Conclusions. In our model the energy input into the corona is similar as in the scenarios of fieldline-braiding or flux-tube tectonics, that is, energy is transported to the corona through the driving of the vertical magnetic field by horizontal photospheric motions. The success of our model shows the central role that this process plays for the structure, dynamics, and heating of the corona.
|
2022-12-30T00:30:48.356Z
|
151,868,784 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.20873/uft.2447-4266.2017v3n1p183",
"MAG": "2605813697",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://sistemas.uft.edu.br/periodicos/index.php/observatorio/article/download/3071/9584"
}
|
The binomial beauty and youth, so commonly used in women's representations in the media, translates aesthetic standards that have already been questioned, but still serve as a parameter for readers' comments and comparisons in the press of women who were beautiful in their youth and now they no longer have the expected image. To discuss this scenario, we choose examples that point to the female aging of public figures, adopting as background for reflection the perspectives of idadismo pointed out by Castro (2015, 2016), the concept of the body as capital of Goldenberg (2006, 2010, 2012, 2015); and fear in Auge (2013), Altheide (2002) and Bauman (2008). In discussing how the media increases the nonconformity with the body itself, we also address the efforts that have been observed in the area of persuasive communication with the presence of people considered outside the stereotype of beauty hitherto imposed, as well as discussing reactions of whom wants that the famous people be always young and beautiful.
|
2022-12-02T11:56:27.954Z
|
4,454,588 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/AJCN/77.2.433",
"MAG": "2143786980",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
BACKGROUND
Studies conducted in Guatemala, Mexico, and Venezuela have found high prevalences of low plasma cobalamin (vitamin B-12) concentrations in infants and children. It is not known whether these low cobalamin concentrations are accompanied by altered metabolic functions.
OBJECTIVE
We sought to assess the prevalence of cobalamin deficiency in Guatemalan children by using sensitive and specific markers of deficiency.
DESIGN
Children (n = 553) were screened for low plasma cobalamin. Those with low plasma cobalamin (< 162 pmol/L) were matched by age, grade, and sex to those with marginal (162-221 pmol/L) and adequate (> 221 pmol/L) concentrations. In this matched subset (n = 180), additional biochemical indicators of cobalamin deficiency were measured.
RESULTS
Of the 553 children screened, 11% had low plasma cobalamin and an additional 22% had marginal concentrations. The prevalences of elevated serum methylmalonic acid (MMA), plasma homocysteine, or both were significantly higher in children with low and marginal plasma cobalamin than in children with adequate plasma cobalamin. Mean serum MMA was high in all groups compared with values reported in other populations. Mean plasma holotranscobalamin II concentrations were significantly lower in children with low rather than marginal or adequate plasma cobalamin. However, holotranscobalamin II was a less sensitive indicator of cobalamin depletion than was MMA.
CONCLUSION
Biochemical markers of cobalamin deficiency confirmed that the cobalamin status of children with low and marginal plasma cobalamin is inadequate to support normal metabolic function.
|
2022-12-17T10:41:44.402Z
|
153,884,172 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/13523279908415423",
"MAG": "2036012566",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In 1998 ‘Europe’ generated a noisy political debate within Poland, leading to the sacking of the minister for Europe, Ryszard Czarnecki. EU affairs appeared to be becoming more contentious with potentially serious consequences for Poland's accession. Feuds within the governmental coalition and the loss of EU funding, arising from the development of a range of issues of contention between Warsaw and Brussels, seemed to undermine Poland's prospects for early membership of the Union. This was enhanced by an apparent cooling of public opinion towards the idea. The coming presidential and parliamentary elections (in 2000 and 2001 respectively) will show how far the country has shifted to a ‘Eurosceptic’ position. The goal of entry by 2003 may prove optimistic.
|
2022-12-19T20:59:19.041Z
|
29,108,535 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1089/NEU.1998.15.837",
"MAG": "2025925630",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A randomized double-blind dose-titration crossover trial of the safety and efficacy of oral fampridine-SR (sustained release 4-aminopyridine) was conducted on spinal cord injured (SCI) patients at two centers. Twenty-six patients (n = 26) with incomplete lesions completed the trial. These patients all had chronic (>2 years) and stable neurological deficits. They received fampridine-SR 12.5 and 17.5 mg b.i.d. over a 2-week treatment period, followed by a 1-week washout and 2 weeks of placebo, or vice versa. Patients reported significant benefit of fampridine-SR over placebo on patient satisfaction (McNemar's test, p2 < 0.05) and quality of life scores (p2 < 0.01). Sensory scores (p1 < 0.01), including both pin prick (p1 = 0.059) and light touch (p1 = 0.058), and motor scores (adjusted to reflect only paretic segments) (p1 < 0.01) all yielded evidence of benefit of fampridine-SR over placebo. The Ashworth scale of spasticity was significantly (p2 < 0.05) reduced when patients received fampridine-SR. There were no statistically significant benefits of the drug on measures of pain or bowel, bladder and sexual function, or functional independence. Side effects of lightheadedness and nausea were transient and trivial relative to efficacy, and approximately 30% of patients reported a wish to continue to use fampridine-SR. The clinical benefits most likely derive from the K+ channel blocking action of the drug. Potassium channel blockade enhances axonal conduction across demyelinated internodes and enhances neuroneuronal and neuromuscular transmission in preserved axons. These results provide the first evidence of therapeutic benefit of fampridine-SR in SCI patients.
|
2022-12-21T09:51:15.543Z
|
216,174,694 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.24996/ijs.2020.61.3.3",
"MAG": "3013319860",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://ijs.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/eijs/article/download/1507/777"
}
|
Anxiety has become a highly paramount field of research attention in psychopharmacology today. Sundry studies have shown a nitric oxide role in the regulation of anxiety. The goal of the study was to investigate sodium nitroprusside ability to affect anxiety-like behavior in mice and to compare this effect with the standard anxiolytic drug, diazepam, using both plus maze test and light/dark box test. The results revealed that sodium nitroprusside at a dose of 1 mg/kg had a significant effect on the behavior in both of the elevated plus maze test and light/dark test. However, at higher dose (3 mg/kg), it has significantly increased the anxiogenic-like effect in the light/dark box test. Diazepam at a dose of 2 mg/kg increased the time spent in open arms in elevated plus maze test and that in light chambers of light/dark test. These outcomes suggest that a nitric oxide pathway seems to play an important role in anxiety. Furthermore, sodium nitroprusside at a dose of 1 mg/kg showed a nearly anxiolytic ability, when compared with diazepam.
|
2022-03-25T00:45:08.317Z
|
79,078,825 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042156.647",
"MAG": "2518442731",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://injuryprevention.bmj.com/content/injuryprev/22/Suppl_2/A232.3.full.pdf"
}
|
Background Injury is the most important factor in the threat to children’s health and playing a game is children’s favourite method of participation. We try to promote child injury prevention and improve mental health through the games. Methods The chess game is designed and made by the National Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. Survey and intervention were conducted in 666 primary school students (Grade 3 to Grade 5) in Yixing City, Jiangsu Province from September 2014 to February 2015. Instrument was the Related questionnaire: Knowledge of injury prevention questionnaire and satisfaction questionnaire and the Mental health promoting chess: a 2–6 player game. Methods Students played the game with the help of teacher, and then played the game by themselves. Two researches were conducted in the knowledge of injury before and after half a year. Finally, there was a satisfaction survey. Results After the intervention, the children’s injury prevention knowledge accuracy was higher than before. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Children who liked the chess were more than those who didn’t. And children who wanted the chess were more than those who didn’t if there were similar chess games. Girls prefer the chess than boys and there is no difference between grade groups. Conclusion Chess games have a certain effect. It is welcomed and worthy of popularising.
|
2022-02-11T04:12:55.206Z
|
231,861,435 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "2102.05231",
"DOI": "10.1109/MIPR51284.2021.00071",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Color is an essential component of graphic design, acting not only as a visual factor but also carrying cultural implications. However, existing research on algorithmic color palette generation and colorization largely ignores the cultural aspect. In this paper, we contribute to this line of research by first constructing a unique color dataset inspired by a specific culture, i.e., Chinese Youth Subculture (CYS), which is an vibrant and trending cultural group especially for the Gen Z population. We show that the colors used in CYS have special aesthetic and semantic characteristics that are different from generic color theory. We then develop an interactive multi-modal generative framework to create CYS-styled color palettes, which can be used to put a CYS twist on images using our automatic colorization model. Our framework is illustrated via a demo system designed with the human-in-the-loop principle that constantly provides feedback to our algorithms. User studies are also conducted to evaluate our generation results.
|
2022-03-02T18:24:33.349Z
|
14,348,599 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "hep-th/0201131",
"DOI": "10.1088/0253-6102/40/3/337",
"MAG": "2163719040",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "http://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-th/0201131"
}
|
Differential geometric formulation of quantum gauge theory of gravity is studied in this paper. The quantum gauge theory of gravity which is proposed in the references hep-th/0109145 and hep-th/0112062 is formulated completely in the framework of traditional quantum field theory. In order to study the relationship between quantum gauge theory of gravity and traditional quantum gravity which is formulated in curved space, it is important to find the differential geometric formulation of quantum gauge theory of gravity. We first give out the correspondence between quantum gauge theory of gravity and differential geometry. Then we give out differential geometric formulation of quantum gauge theory of gravity.
|
2022-09-20T10:06:02.955Z
|
32,976,293 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/DC.2840080516",
"MAG": "2064298718",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
When preparing FNA smears, we recover material left in the needle hub by forcefully striking the open hub against a slide. Material in the syringe tip is expressed by repeated forceful blasts of air (needle unattached). We investigated the utility of recovering additional material by rinsing the needle and syringe. Saline was used to flush the needle and syringe tip repeatedly. All material was processed by cytocentrifugation. We studied 159 needle rinse (NR) specimens from 152 patients (breast = 70, lymph node = 30. lung = 15, soft tissue = 14, salivary gland = 12, thyroid = 12, liver = 5, branchial cleft cyst = 1). Malignancy was Identified in 21 FNAs (13%) from 21 patients (14%). All were diagnosed in smears (9 lung, 5 liver, 4 lymph node, 2 breast, 1 soft tissue). NR material identified 16 of these (76%). No case with benign smears (n = 138) showed malignancy in NR material. We conclude that if good technique is applied to preparation of smears and recovery of material from the needle hub and syringe tip, NR material will rarely identify additional malignancies. It thus represents an inefficient allocation of technical and human resources within the laboratory. However, NR may provide additional slides for special stains and may be useful for clinicians who do not always prepare high quality smears. Furthermore, the ease with which FNA of palpable masses can be repeated suggests that in the small number of cases requiring special stains, additional material can be readily obtained. Thus in the light of our data, there is probably little reason to prepare NR specimens in any but the most exceptional cases. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
|
2022-09-15T08:43:08.876Z
|
7,945,588 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICNN.1988.23842",
"MAG": "3150376570",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Global stability is examined for nonlinear feedback dynamical systems subject to unsupervised learning. Only differentiable neural models are discussed. The unconditional stability of Hebbian learning systems is summarized in the adaptive bidirectional associative memory (ABAM) theorem. When no learning occurs, the resulting BAM models include Cohen-Grossberg autoassociators, Hopfield circuits, brain-state-in-a box models, and masking field models. The ABAM theorem is extended to arbitrary higher-order Hebbian learning. Conditions for exponential convergence are discussed. Sufficient conditions for global stability are established for dynamical systems that adapt according to competitive and differential Hebbian learning laws.<<ETX>>
|
2022-10-17T16:35:38.844Z
|
222,155,717 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/ar.24520",
"MAG": "3091117979",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8577187"
}
|
Early in the 20th century, a series of studies were initiated across North America to investigate and characterize childhood growth. The Craniofacial Growth Consortium Study (CGCS) combines craniofacial records from six of those growth studies (15,407 lateral cephalograms from 1,913 individuals; 956 females, 957 males, primarily European descent). Standard cephalometric points collected from the six studies in the CGCS allows direct comparison of craniofacial growth patterns across six North American locations. Three assessors collected all cephalometric points and the coordinates were averaged for each point. Twelve measures were calculated from the averaged coordinates. We implemented a multilevel double logistic equation to estimate growth trajectories fitting each trait separately by sex. Using Bayesian inference, we fit three models for each trait with different random effects structures to compare differences in growth patterns among studies. The models successfully identified important growth milestones (e.g., age at peak growth velocity, age at cessation of growth) for most traits. In a small number of cases, these milestones could not be determined due to truncated age ranges for some studies and slow, steady growth in some measurements. Results demonstrate great similarity among the six growth studies regarding craniofacial growth milestone estimates and the overall shape of the growth curve. These similarities suggest minor variation among studies resulting from differences in protocol, sample, or possible geographic variation. The analyses presented support combining the studies into the CGCS without substantial concerns of bias. The CGCS, therefore, provides an unparalleled opportunity to examine craniofacial growth from childhood into adulthood.
|
2022-10-27T16:35:33.049Z
|
201,979,666 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5334/IJIC.S3321",
"MAG": "2967274367",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Introduction: Children with intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) often have complex and unmet health needs and significant limitations in daily life. Schools are key partners along with health service providers to address the challenges faced by these children. In the inner region of Sydney, Australia, we have implemented an interagency model of care, a school clinic, involving special schools attended by children with an IDD, and the Disability Specialist Unit (DSU). This facilitates an integrated discussion of aspects of the child’s daily life, understanding of health issues within a school context, and addresses a barrier to health care access. Theory/Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of the DSU School Clinic program over a three year period from 2014-2017, to analyse the demographics of children seen, and review outcomes arising from the school clinic. The clinic operates four times per year at three different special schools and each session is attended by parents, a developmental paediatrician, the school principal, the school counsellor and other educators and allied health professionals as needed. All information was obtained from medical records stored within the DSU database. Results: Over a three year period from 2014 to 2017, a total of 80 children were reviewed in the school clinics. While analysis is ongoing, we are focussing on the following measures: number of children seen in each clinic, demographics, current concerns, health diagnoses, new diagnoses made, treatment plans or recommendations made (eg adjustment of physical therapy, adjustment of pharmacotherapy, referral to other providers or services). Discussions and conclusions: This interagency model of care has brought together parents, schools and medical providers within the school setting, and our results have shown that it has helped identify new health problems, provided practical assistance to schools in management of children with intellectual disabilities and created partnerships between different sectors. Children with IDD, who are a vulnerable population especially benefit from this innovative model of care. Limitations: As this was a retrospective chart review, we were only able to obtain information from medical records. Suggestions for future research: Further research to investigate impacts on parents, school staff and clients, and obtaining their perspectives is warranted.
|
2022-05-10T00:28:02.668Z
|
889,135 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1364/OL.28.000713",
"MAG": "2095243511",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The localization of surface second-harmonic generation (S-SHG) enhancements from granular gold structures that exhibit local plasmon resonance was investigated. A two-photon microscopy technique was used to perform high spatial resolution S-SHG imaging. The magnitude and the spatial density of S-SHG enhancement confined in submicroscopic regions are strongly dependent on the morphology of the gold's surface. Polarization measurements of local S-SHG responses reveal the local field anisotropy in enhancement regions and furthermore prove the incoherent and strongly depolarized nature of the emission, which is attributed to ultrafast fluctuations of the enhancement location in the focal volume.
|
2022-12-15T00:53:27.890Z
|
225,175,401 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/cryptography4040029",
"MAG": "3092758845",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-387X/4/4/29/pdf?version=1603012928"
}
|
With the rapid growth of smart devices and technological advancements in tracking geospatial data, the demand for Location-Based Services (LBS) is facing a constant rise in several domains, including military, healthcare and transportation. It is a natural step to migrate LBS to a cloud environment to achieve on-demand scalability and increased resiliency. Nonetheless, outsourcing sensitive location data to a third-party cloud provider raises a host of privacy concerns as the data owners have reduced visibility and control over the outsourced data. In this paper, we consider outsourced LBS where users want to retrieve map directions without disclosing their location information. Specifically, our paper aims to address the following problem: Given a user’s location s, a target destination t, and a graph G stored in a cloud, can users retrieve the shortest path route from s to t in a privacy-preserving manner? Although there exist a few solutions to this problem, they are either inefficient or insecure. For example, existing solutions either leak intermediate results to untrusted cloud providers or incur significant costs on the end-user. To address this gap, we propose an efficient and secure solution based on homomorphic encryption properties combined with a novel data aggregation technique. We formally show that our solution achieves semantic security guarantees under the semi-honest model. Additionally, we provide complexity analysis and experimental results to demonstrate that the proposed protocol is significantly more efficient than the current state-of-the-art techniques.
|
2022-12-15T18:27:43.708Z
|
218,518,055 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1145/3394287",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3394287"
}
|
Research on human-robot collaboration or human-robot teaming, has focused predominantly on understanding and enabling collaboration between a single robot and a single human. Extending human-robot collaboration research beyond the dyad, raises novel questions about how a robot should allocate resources among group members and about what the consequences of such allocation are for a group’s social dynamics and outcomes. Methodological advances are needed to answer these questions allow researchers to collect data about a robot’s impact not only on interactions with the robot but also on interactions of people with each other. This paper presents Robot Assisted Tower Construction, a novel task that allows researchers to examine the impact of a robot’s allocation behavior on the dynamics of a group or team collaborating on a task. By focusing on the question of whether and how a robot’s allocation of resources (wooden blocks required for a building task) affects collaboration dynamics and outcomes, a case is provided of how this task can be applied in a laboratory study with 124 participants to collect data about human robot collaboration that involves a group of people. We highlight the kinds of insights the task can yield and how it can be adapted to various human robot collaboration contexts.
|
2022-12-29T17:05:17.817Z
|
245,664,377 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.54356/ma/2018/lmtz2682",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
V članku je predstavljeno vprašanje dostopa do arhivskega gradiva in varstva osebnih podatkov v slovenskih javnih in cerkvenih arhivih. Prikazana je predvsem zakonska osnova za dostop do arhivskega gradiva in varstvo osebnih podatkov, ki jih gradivo vsebuje. Avtorica ugotavlja, da se dostop do arhivskega gradiva in pogoji njegove uporabe v slovenskih javnih in cerkvenih arhivih nekoliko razlikujejo. Zaradi navedenega se zato smiselno postavlja vprašanje poenotenja dostopa do arhivskega gradiva in njegove uporabe.
|
2022-01-23T03:32:26.258Z
|
2,258,671 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/BMJ.298.6667.189-A",
"MAG": "1964401891",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
such as automatic reinstatement of any suspended doctor if the health authority is dilatory. Furthermore, in making these time limits one key stage is missing -that between the doctor being suspended and the health authority deciding that a prima facie case exists against the doctor. This stage can take years because health authorities will recklessly suspend doctors on the basis of rumour and then have to labour hard to find something, anything, to justify the suspension and to avoid legal redress by the aggrieved doctor. Nevertheless, we agree with Dr Forsythe in welcoming the proposals for a graded treatment for graded degrees ofmisconduct. Dr Forsythe seems to think that the paragraph 190 procedure is a true appeal mechanism. But the Minister of Health has recently ignored the verdict and dismissed a doctor who won his appeal. Surely the verdict of any appeal committee should be binding until overturned by a higher authority? Because the NHS is a monopoly employer all hospital doctors must have the right to appeal to the Secretary of State against any dismissal by a health authority. That is not the case at the present. Any doctor can be summarily dismissed without warning on any charge and is denied the right of appeal. This interpretation of the law has recently been upheld in the High Court. The joint working party still favours secret trials of doctors-Why? The disciplinary hearings of the General Medical Council are heard in public, and as a result the profession is held high in the public esteem for its efforts in keeping its house in order. Lord Justice Brown in his judgment of a disciplinary case against a doctor in 1986 stated: "The maxim that justice must not only be done but must manifestly be seen to be done applies in full measure" (Crown Office 595/86). In that judgment he was only following article 6 (i) of the European Charter of Human Rights. All inquiries of suspended doctors should be held in public. Only the guilty have something to fear, and in condoning secret trials the profession will, rightly or wrongly, be seen as conspiring against the public weal. The Society of Clinical Psychiatrists has produced a code of conduct about suspended doctors. The main thrusts of the proposals are that, except in an emergency, doctors may not be suspended until after investigation, that suspensions should follow the Advisory, Conciliation, and Arbitration Service code of practice, that the NHS should not usurp the function of the General Medical Council in deciding ifa doctor is professionally incompetent or guilty of professional misconduct, that HM (61) 112 should be abolished, that the verdict of any appeal mechanism should be binding on both sides, and that all changes should conform to the European Charter of Human Rights and to the European employment laws.
|
2022-06-14T18:27:10.201Z
|
86,627,966 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/002224293500200305",
"MAG": "2899437903",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A N ACCURATE measure of the relationship I"\. between pedestrian traffic and retail sales has been a will-o' -the-wisp of retail research for many years. Shortly after the world war the chain stores suspected the existence of a traffic-trade correlation and sought to measure it for use in setting up a structure of rental values. After a period of experiment based on counts of pedestrian traffic, they said, "Give us so much traffic and we will do so much business." But it did not always work. The purposes of this article are to explain why it did not always work, to outline a program of research which promises to yield a plan that would work, and to consider the possibility of formulae simple enough to be useable readily by the retailer himself. The first pedestrian traffic studies were a part of the chain stores' attempt to measure the value of sites for their own kinds of business. They saw in the traffic count a means of determining the maximum rental worth of property to them. So it was that the traffic count was born. Since people are markets, it seemed obvious to the chain stores that, other things being equal, the more people, the more business. They proceeded to test their postulate and it worked -so long as the business of those who tested it remained downtown. It worked so nicely there that it was hailed with joy. Did it not
|
2022-07-31T22:49:46.338Z
|
250,741,211 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/0031-8949/1987/T17/002",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Experiments and theories on localized excitations of electrons in solids are reviewed. The scope of the review is limited to 3d transition metals and their compounds. Two-hole states that are created in Auger decay and photoemission from metals are discussed. Configuration-interaction theories of compounds are used to describe XPS and resonant photoemission experiments. Analogies between the phenomena observed in metals and compounds are noted. The nature of the energy gap of NiO and its relationship to Mott-Hubbard insulators is explored. Recent work utilizing these ideas is summarized.
|
2022-07-31T10:20:09.137Z
|
153,340,918 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.16951/IIBD.43440",
"MAG": "1875778075",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Ozet: Bu calismada Turkiye ekonomisine ait GSMH, tuketim, ihracat ve ithalat serilerinin gosterdigi mevsimsel yapi arastirilmistir. 1989:1-2004:4 yillari arasinda ucer aylik olarak alinan bu serilerin, stokastik mevsimsellik mi yoksa deterministik mevsimsellik mi gosterdigi tespit edilmeye calisilmistir. Serilerin mevsimsel frekanslarda birim koklere sahip olup olmadigini belirlemek icin HEGY (1990) tarafindan gelistirilen mevsimsel birim kok testine basvurulmustur. Elde edilen sonuclara gore, tuketim serisinde stokastik mevsimsellik, GSMH ve ihracat serisinde yari yillik ve yillik frekanslarla mevsimsel birim kok ve ithalat serisinde mevsimsel olmayan birim kok vardir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Stokastik mevsimsellik, deterministik mevsimsellik, HEGY testi Abstract: In this paper, the seasonal structure of the series of Gross National Product, consumption, export and import of Turkish economy were investigated. These series were taken quarterly between the years 1989:1- 2004:4, and this study attempts to determine whether these series possess a stochastic or deterministic seasonality. The seasonal unit root test developed by HEGY (1990) was applied to determine whether or not series have unit roots at the seasonal frequencies. As a result, the consumption series have stochastic seasonality, Gross National Product and export series have seasonal unit root at annual and semi-annual frequencies and import series have non-seasonal unit root. KeywordS: Stochastic seasonality, deterministic seasonality, HEGY test
|
2022-09-08T14:37:33.809Z
|
82,678,037 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/00364827.1980.10431482",
"MAG": "1503656470",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract Topography, climate, and hydrography of the area are described, Salinity and air and water temperatures are hiooh and stable. The tides are a mixture of the diurnal and semi-diurnal type and the tidal range is narrow. There is little rain and the lowest tides occur during the hottest part of the day. The zonation of nine localities is described and illustrated. The scheme and terms of J.R. Lewis are used, but the major zones are called regions and his eulittoral zone is simply called the eulittoral, The term zone is reserved for the belts of algae and animals found within the regions. In spite of differences between and also within the stations in species composition and appearance a general zonation pattern could be discerned. The following zones were found: in the sub-littoral a zone of algal mat, at many stations with a distinct belt of Sargassum upmost, or a Palythoa zone; in the littoral a zone of mixed algae, often with two or three sub-zones, a barnacle-verrnetid zone, a naked or a white z...
|
2022-09-16T16:22:23.044Z
|
253,367,862 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.56050/01205498.1648",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.revistamedicina.net/index.php/Medicina/article/download/1648/2137"
}
|
La inteligencia artificial (IA) ha demostrado su funcionalidad en la mayor parte de las áreas de la radiología moderna. El progreso notable en el desarrollo de redes neuronales convolucionales ha abierto la puerta para nuevos horizontes en los cuales la IA será protagonista en el análisis de imágenes médicas. En los últimos años, las herramientas de IA en radiología han demostrado su capacidad para reconocer patrones de alta complejidad en las imágenes, con un rendimiento que puede equiparar o, incluso, superar al del médico entrenado. Se han evidenciado escenarios clínicos en los cuales las tecnologías de IA pueden realizar una valoración radiológica más rápida y eficiente respecto de los métodos actuales. Este hecho plantea algunos interrogantes acerca del papel del radiólogo en el futuro de la radiología. Aún existen brechas y retos en el desarrollo ético de la IA en la atención médica, en la validación adecuada de algoritmos, en el desarrollo de mecanismos efectivos para compartir datos y en la solución de los obstáculos regulatorios. En esta revisión, se busca abordar las potenciales aplicaciones de la IA en la labor del radiólogo, no desde la mirada especulativa y distópica, sino desde el reconocimiento de las oportunidades que nos brindan los desarrollos tecnológicos para nutrir la práctica del médico, optimizar los procesos de enseñanza y generar mayor eficacia en la asistencia sanitaria del futuro. En este sentido, los radiólogos cada día son menos espectadores de los desarrollos y más participes y consumidores de estos.
|
2022-11-30T17:26:37.465Z
|
10,872,182 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/FPT.2006.270352",
"MAG": "2112096462",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper presents a methodology and the results of implementing Monte-Carlo financial simulations in reconfigurable devices. Five different Monte-Carlo simulations are explored, including log-normal price movements, correlated asset value-at-risk calculation, and price movements under the GARCH model. Our results show that hardware implementations from our approach on a Xilinx Virtex-4 XC4VSX55 device run on-average 80 times faster than software on a 2.66GHz PC
|
2022-12-10T12:49:22.587Z
|
23,706,920 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1006/BBRC.1996.1305",
"MAG": "2071322203",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Carbon monoxide (CO) enhanced random migration of human neutrophils. An optimally stimulatory effect was observed with 10 microM CO. CO caused a rapid and transient increase in intracellular level of guanosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP). The enhancing effect of CO on random migration was reversed to a large extent by inhibitors of cGMP accumulation, and by antagonists of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (G-kinase). These results strongly suggest that the enhancement of random migration by CO is mediated by cGMP and G-kinase. Using hemoglobin, a scavenger of CO, we could show that stimulation of soluble guanylate cyclase over an extended period of time, rather than the observed fast and transient increase in intracellular cGMP levels, is responsible for CO-activated migration. We postulate that CO, like nitric oxide (NO), acts as a biological signal in the immune system.
|
2022-12-19T03:53:34.295Z
|
71,968,388 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1590/S0365-05962007000500011",
"MAG": "2024017726",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The case of a 32-year-old patient who had had the habit of nail biting for over 20 years is described. She presented total destruction of the distal parts of the first, second and third fingers of the left hand.
|
2022-12-23T02:07:07.684Z
|
9,260,730 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.31887/DCNS.2011.13.1/smbrody",
"MAG": "2270012675",
"PubMedCentral": "3181972"
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Maternal perinatal mental health has enormous consequences for the well-being of the mother, her baby, and the family. Although it is well documented that perinatal depression is both common and morbid, with a prevalence of 10% to 15% in the general population, there remain many critically important unanswered questions about the pathogenesis of perinatal depression and most effective treatment regimens. Current lines of evidence from both human and animal models implicate hormonal dysregulation, abnormalities in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity, and the contributions of genetics and epigenetics as playing key roles in the development of perinatal reproductive mood disorders. Investigations into both human and animal models of perinatal depression offer much promise for the future identification of the underlying pathophysiology and subsequent early identification and/or prevention and appropriate treatment for women at risk for postpartum depression. Lastly, although it is generally accepted that pregnancy is not protective with regard to new onset or relapse of depression, the way to best treat maternal depression during pregnancy and lactation remains hotly debated. Future research in this area will more clearly elucidate the underlying pathogenesis, the potential long-term impact of perinatal depression on the developing fetus, and how best to counsel pregnant women about the risks of untreated major depressive disorder versus the risks of psychopharmacologic treatment during pregnancy and lactation.
|
2022-12-26T00:12:22.733Z
|
35,952,473 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1519/JSC.0000000000000596",
"MAG": "2160011702",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract Glaister, M, Pattison, JR, Muniz-Pumares, D, Patterson, SD, and Foley, P. Effects of dietary nitrate, caffeine, and their combination on 20-km cycling time trial performance. J Strength Cond Res 29(1): 165–174, 2015—The aim of this study was to examine the acute supplementation effects of dietary nitrate, caffeine, and their combination on 20-km cycling time trial performance. Using a randomized, counterbalanced, double-blind Latin-square design, 14 competitive female cyclists (age: 31 ± 7 years; height: 1.69 ± 0.07 m; body mass: 61.6 ± 6.0 kg) completed four 20-km time trials on a racing bicycle fitted to a turbo trainer. Approximately 2.5 hours before each trial, subjects consumed a 70-ml dose of concentrated beetroot juice containing either 0.45 g of dietary nitrate or with the nitrate content removed (placebo). One hour before each trial, subjects consumed a capsule containing either 5 mg·kg−1 of caffeine or maltodextrin (placebo). There was a significant effect of supplementation on power output (p = 0.001), with post hoc tests revealing higher power outputs in caffeine (205 ± 21 W) vs. nitrate (194 ± 22 W) and placebo (194 ± 25 W) trials only. Caffeine-induced improvements in power output corresponded with significantly higher measures of heart rate (caffeine: 166 ± 12 b·min−1 vs. placebo: 159 ± 15 b·min−1; p = 0.02), blood lactate (caffeine: 6.54 ± 2.40 mmol·L−1 vs. placebo: 4.50 ± 2.11 mmol·L−1; p < 0.001), and respiratory exchange ratio (caffeine: 0.95 ± 0.04 vs. placebo: 0.91 ± 0.05; p = 0.03). There were no effects (p ≥ 0.05) of supplementation on cycling cadence, rating of perceived exertion, , or integrated electromyographic activity. The results of this study support the well-established beneficial effects of caffeine supplementation on endurance performance. In contrast, acute supplementation with dietary nitrate seems to have no effect on endurance performance and adds nothing to the benefits afforded by caffeine supplementation.
|
2022-12-30T01:20:39.766Z
|
7,593,392 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ISANP.2017.8229035",
"MAG": "2780515480",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This work presents a high-gain double reflectors microstrip-fed slot antenna for WLAN and WiMAX applications as the IEEE 802.11b/g and IEEE 802.11a standards. The antenna is composed of a microstrip-fed slot with a complementary stub on a single substrate and a pair of reflectors. The reflectors are exploited to achieve bi-directional radiation patterns which is suitable for using in buildings or corridor. The antenna is optimized to obtain gains: 4.75 dbi, 5.1 dBi, and 9.9 dBi, at the frequency of 2.4 GHz, 3.5 GHz, and 5.2 GHz, respectively. To validate the designed antenna, a prototype antenna was fabricated and measured to carry out its S11, radiation patterns, and gain. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated ones.
|
2022-01-27T14:54:47.104Z
|
181,519,121 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.23943/princeton/9780691179582.003.0007",
"MAG": "2945071654",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This chapter investigates the development of Ptolemy's psychological theory from On the Kritêrion to the Harmonics. It argues that Ptolemy composed the former before the latter, and that comparison of the two texts reveals Ptolemy's move from a less to a more restrictive model of the soul. This move follows from Ptolemy's effort to mathematize the soul, to analyze its parts and species in concordance with mathematical, specifically harmonic, ratios. When Ptolemy mathematized the soul he sought to improve his account of the soul's structure, to make it epistemically sound. This endeavor to improve and mathematize his psychology resulted in discernible incongruities between On the Kritêrion and the Harmonics.
|
2022-07-01T01:21:34.348Z
|
26,292,240 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/00002030-200310170-00018",
"MAG": "2054314899",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Chronic hepatitis C is usually a mild disease in children; however, the evolution of children co-infected with HIV is unknown. We report the liver biopsy results of seven adolescents co-infected for over 13 years. According to the Metavir scoring system, liver specimens were classified A1-F1 in three patients and A2-F1 in four. Mild fibrosis progression is mainly explained by young age at hepatitis C virus contamination and the lack of severe immunodeficiency in the study population.
|
2022-07-04T12:28:12.006Z
|
197,414,846 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/EMEIT.2011.6023806",
"MAG": "2131802984",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The author designs a volcano smoke planar ultra-wide band antenna, which is composed of the planar volcano smoke antenna and the resistance loop circuit. The lower cut-off frequency of the antenna bandwidth is studied. The return loss (S11) of the input port of the antenna is measured. The research finds that the lower cut-off frequency of antenna with and without resistance loop circuits is 0.5GHz and 0.8GHz, respectively. The results show the resistance loop circuit can expand the bandwidth of the antenna toward the lower frequency direction.
|
2022-12-16T13:05:24.077Z
|
121,551,564 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1090/S0002-9904-1941-07549-X",
"MAG": "2014641268",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
(xk<Xk). Then we obtain 9ft by removing from the plane of z the two circular domains \z\ < p 0 and |z\ > p and all annuli Xu< \z\ <x{, corresponding to the equations (14) with two different positive roots. I t is then a consequence of Walsh's theorem that the different (open) intervals (x&, xl) have no points in common and lie in the interval (po, p); moreover, if for two of these intervals (#&, Xk), (xm, Xm) we have k<m, then we have certainly x{ tkxmi and it is easily seen that we have even x{ <xm. As Walsh remarks, his proof of Pellet's theorem remains valid also in the case of a power-series and of its roots inside the circle of convergence. I t is hardly necessary to remark that our proof of Walsh's theorem also applies mutatis mutandis to a power series, if we only consider its roots within the circle of convergence.
|
2022-05-31T05:48:34.073Z
|
117,673,452 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S0074180900200910",
"MAG": "1675318374",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
interaction Magellanic the stellar the Galaxy magellanic-type LMC. spiral halo radial bar-like dynamical rapid star-formation. in a detailed comparison of 'field' magellanic-type galaxies with the LMC and SMC of some
|
2022-06-11T08:01:27.617Z
|
54,103,140 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.7326/0003-4819-12-4-550",
"MAG": "1583949069",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Excerpt Coarctation of the aorta is a very interesting congenital anomaly in which there is a narrowing or complete obliteration of the aorta in the region of the insertion of theductus arteriosus,...
|
2022-06-11T22:31:22.729Z
|
96,609,077 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1039/P19940003525",
"MAG": "2104681661",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Kinetic resolution in an enantioselective Diels–Alder process provided the starting material for an improved and simplified approach to all the didemnenones via the lactone 16.
|
2022-09-14T14:20:46.688Z
|
174,452 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1507/ENDOCRJ1954.32.435",
"MAG": "1964227668",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We have recently encountered a patient with rapidly enlarging thyroid masses histologically diagnosed as diffuse histiocytic lymphoma which developed in the active course of Graves' disease. The primary thyroid lymphoma has been in complete remission after local radiation therapy. The association of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and thyroid lymphoma has well been recognized. Meanwhile, data have accumulated to demonstrate that Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease share possible similar causal immunological abnormalities and are closely related entities. However, the association of Graves' disease and primary thyroid lymphoma has never been reported, as far as we know. Therefore, this case may be the first one that supports the natural concept that thyroid lymphoma develops from pre-existing Graves' disease secondary to the similar immunological abnormalities in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
|
2022-09-15T09:01:03.563Z
|
3,777,876 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/neuros/nyx327",
"MAG": "2732079469",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
BACKGROUND Reversal of therapeutic anticoagulation prior to emergency neurosurgical procedures is required in the setting of intracranial hemorrhage. Multifactor prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) promises rapid efficacy but may increase the probability of thrombotic complications compared to fresh frozen plasma (FFP). OBJECTIVE To compare the rate of thrombotic complications in patients treated with PCC or FFP to reverse therapeutic anticoagulation prior to emergency neurosurgical procedures in the setting of intracranial hemorrhage at a level I trauma center. METHODS Sixty‐three consecutive patients on warfarin therapy presenting with intracranial hemorrhage who received anticoagulation reversal prior to emergency neurosurgical procedures were retrospectively identified between 2007 and 2016. They were divided into 2 cohorts based on reversal agent, either PCC (n = 28) or FFP (n = 35). The thrombotic complications rates within 72 h of reversal were compared using the χ2 test. A multivariate propensity score matching analysis was used to limit the threat to interval validity from selection bias arising from differences in demographics, laboratory values, history, and clinical status. RESULTS Thrombotic complications were uncommon in this neurosurgical population, occurring in 1.59% (1/63) of treated patients. There was no significant difference in the thrombotic complication rate between groups, 3.57% (1/28; PCC group) vs 0% (0/35; FFP group). Propensity score matching analysis validated this finding after controlling for any selection bias. CONCLUSION In this limited sample, thrombotic complication rates were similar between use of PCC and FFP for anticoagulation reversal in the management of intracranial hemorrhage prior to emergency neurosurgical procedures.
|
2022-09-15T21:58:25.631Z
|
85,195,287 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1046/J.1365-3059.1996.D01-126.X",
"MAG": "2068127878",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
All virulent strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv. atrofaciens produce in vitro substances with syringomycin-like features. All strains inhibited the growth of Geotrichum candidum in the plate assay although the extent of their growth inhibition was variable.
Purification of bioactive culture extracts of a highly virulent strain by ion exchange chromatography (Whatman CM52) yielded a main fraction which inhibited the growth of Rhodotorula pilimanae and Bacillus megaterium, and was phytotoxic to tobacco and wheat plants. In particular, the injection of this fraction in the culm of wheat plants caused phytotoxic symptoms on leaves similar to those caused in nature by the pathogen. The further purification by HPLC of the above fraction gave rise to four main bioactive substances which have been identified by spectroscopic methods (FAB-MS) and amino acid analysis as syringomycin E, syringomycin G, syringopeptin 25A and syringopeptin 25B, toxic lipodepsipeptides thus far recognized to be produced by most strains of P. syringae pv. syringae. The injection of both syringomycin E and syringopeptin 25A in wheat leaves caused necrotic symptoms; however, syringopeptin 25A was at least six times more active than syringomycin E. The possible role of the toxins in the disease development on cereals and the need for a careful examination of pathogenetic and biochemical features of P. syringae pv. atrofaciens to establish the relationships of the two pathovars in the ‘syringae group’ are discussed.
|
2022-09-15T04:11:57.033Z
|
58,067,082 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1590/S1413-78522007000400010",
"MAG": "2012625082",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Emergence of intraneural hematoma with involvement of peripheral nerves can occur after trauma or coagulation disorders. The decision for expectant management or decompressive surgical techniques is still controversial. Forty male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. In group A, an intraneural injection of autologous blood was provided at the right sciatic nerve. In group B, after the hematoma creation, a longitudinal epineurotomy was performed. In the group C (sham-operated), the sciatic nerve was exposed without hematoma. In group D. immediately after the hematoma creation, an interfascicular neurolysis was performed. Nerve function recovery was assessed using the Bain-Mackinnon-Hunter Sciatic Function Index (SFI). At the end of the study, the animals were sacrificed and a specimen of the sciatic nerve at compression midpoint was removed for morphometric analysis. Group A displayed an initial SFI of -28.43, with full functional recovery on the fifth day. Immediate drainage of the hematoma by longitudinal epineurotomy (group B) promoted recovery of normal sciatic function on the first day (SFI -14.42). Addressing the hematoma via interfascicular neurolysis resulted in an initial SFI of -23.69 and recovery of normal sciatic function on the third day. The morphometric variables indicated an improvement of ischemic parameters following both types of surgical intervention.
|
2022-11-11T07:39:35.170Z
|
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