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96,770,754 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1002/MACO.19890400503",
"MAG": "2050996570",
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|
Corrosion and stress corrosion cracking behaviour of a series of amorphous iron alloys FeNiMoxB (x = 0, 2, 4, 8.5) has been investigated in several neutral and acidic media.
In particular in aqueous solutions of ferric chloride, potassium tetrathionate and sulphuric acid containing chlorides stress corrosion cracking (SCC) has been studied by means of constant strain tests and corrosion rates have been evaluated by means of weight loss measurements. In several cases polarization curves have been recorded in order to clarify the electrochemical behaviour of the amorphous alloys. SEM observations of the fracture surfaces have been performed.
It has been observed that the glassy alloys under investigation are susceptible to SCC at free corrosion potential in all the environments. SCC has been observed on specimens cathodically and anodically polarized in sulphuric acid containing chlorides. Hydrogen embrittlement can reasonably be considered responsible of the SCC phenomenon, except in sulphuric acid solution on specimens anodically polarized and in iron chloride solution.
A deleterious effect of molybdenum has been noted on the corrosion rates of unstressed specimens and on the time to failures of stressed samples.
|
2022-02-10T14:06:27.863Z
|
27,337,821 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/CLINCHEM/36.9.1698",
"MAG": "2133185166",
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"url": null
}
|
Three laboratories in the U.S. and two in the Netherlands determined molar absorptivities (epsilon) of Standard Reference Material (SRM) 916a Bilirubin from the National Institute of Standards and Technology. In caffeine reagent the average epsilon values were 50,060 and 48, 980 L.mol-1.cm-1 at 432 and 457 nm, respectively. The epsilon value of the blue azopigment, obtained with the Reference Method for total serum bilirubin, was 76,490 L.mol-1.cm-1 at 598 nm. When the addition of alkaline tartrate was omitted, the molar absorptivity of the red azopigment was 56,600 L.mol-1.cm-1 at 530 nm.
|
2022-12-12T22:07:41.996Z
|
44,165,298 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TFUZZ.2017.2718486",
"MAG": "2726699307",
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|
This paper investigates the problem of adaptive fuzzy tracking control for a class of switched uncertain nonlinear systems under asynchronous switching. Inspired by the discretized Lyapunov function technique, a class of time-schedule Lyapunov functions (TSLFs) is first proposed to analyze the stability under asynchronous switching. Then, based on the proposed TSLF, novel observer and adaptive laws with time-schedule observer gain and design parameters are proposed to deal with asynchronous switching. Moreover, a switched command filter with the virtual control functions as input is proposed to avoid “the explosion of complexity” and tracking error jumps, which make the stability analysis difficult. It is shown that under the proposed controller, all the signals of the closed-loop system are bounded, and the tracking errors converge to a small neighborhood of zero in spite of asynchronous switching. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated through two illustrative examples.
|
2022-12-14T05:15:21.756Z
|
5,363,097 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1128/MMBR.20.4.282-284.1956",
"MAG": "1925285773",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
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|
The present discussion was the second on the other fractions. Studies conducted on the accumutopic to be held during recent meetings of the lation of the pigment fractions with respect to Society of American Bacteriologists. The discuslength of incubation time established that the red sions were arranged to stimulate greater interest pigments were produced first. As the incubation in bacterial pigments and to exchange and distime increased, blue pigment began to appear, seminate new ideas and techniques for the study seemingly at the expense of red pigments. These of these substances. The following summary inobservations led to the conclusion that the blue cludes information about the pigments of Serratia pigment is formed by aggregation of the red marcescens, various Pseudomonas species, and fractions. certain nonpathogenic Nei8seria. Chemical analyses of prodigiosin fractions sugR. P. Williams opened the discussion by degested that certain divalent and trivalent metals scribing some of the recent work carried out on might be present in mildly extracted pigment. prodigiosin, the pigment of S. marcescens. PigJ. A. Green described experiments he conducted ment extracted from the organisms by a mild utilizing isotopic iron (Fe') and calcium (Ca") procedure employing acetone and petroleum to tag the pigment. Radioautograms prepared ether could be separated by circular paper chrofrom circular paper chromatograms of extracted matography into at least four components. One pigment showed the isotopes to be present in component was a slow-moving blue fraction not both the blue and combined red fractions. Iron described by previous investigators. The other was incorporated specifically into prodigiosin, components were red or orange-red in color. whereas calcium was incorporated only about Spectral and chemical data indicated that the one-third as much into the pigment as into the components were different substances but apparcells. The blue fraction contained about six times ently were related to each other through a the specific activity of iron as did the combined common basic structure. Although the ultrared fractions. The specific activity of calcium violet and visible spectra of the various comwas approximately the same in both pigment ponents differed, the spectrum of the recombined fractions. These facts suggested that the postufractions was identical to that previously related tripyrrole structure of the pigments proported for prodigiosin. For chemical analyses the vides three nitrogen atoms whose electrons could three red fractions were combined and compared be shared with polyvalent metals in a chelate to the blue component. These analyses demonsharednwith increased affin athelue strated that the blue fraction was a higher association. The increased affinity of the blue molecular weight substance than the combined component for iron could be explained if this comred components and that its hydrochloride salt ponent were an aggregate of the red fractions. Such an aggregation would offer more combinin differed in chloride and nitrogen content from the sites. 1 A roundtable discussion on bacterial pigR. L. Harned mentioned that he had analyzed ments was held on the afternoon of April 30, 1956, samples of hexane-ammonium hydroxide exat the Society of American Bacteriologists Meet. . ing in Houston, Texas. Participants were: tracted prodigioi by the circular paper chrotnaHerman C. Ellinghausen, U. S. Department of tography method. He was able to demonstrate Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland; James A. Green, the red and orange-red components, but no blue. Baylor University College of Medicine, Houston, J. A. Green stated that the blue component is Texas; Roger L. Harned, Commercial Solvents very insoluble and that the extraction procedure Corporation, Terre Haute, Indiana; William C. probably did not remove the blue fraction. The Haynes, Northern Utilization Research Branch U. S. Department of Agriculture, Peoria, Illinois dscu n brought out that prodigiosi and itso Jos6 A. Rivera, Surgical Research Unit, Brooke components are very unstable to pH changes, to Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Texas. light, and to air. For storage purposes the pig-
|
2022-12-16T14:58:03.168Z
|
149,736,978 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.30854/ANF.V6.N12.1998.338",
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|
Punto de Vista de la Ergonomia La ergonomia analiza y comprende la estructura y encadenamiento de las acciones que componen la actividad de trabajo, simultaneamente quiere conocer e identificar las intenciones que guian y orientan la actividad (busqueda de la proteccion en la integridad individual, busqueda del desempeno en el cumplimiento de metas).La estructuracion de las acciones que componen el trabajo, desemboca en una proposicion de transformacion externa de las propiedades y caracteristicas del medio o sistema de produccion en cuestion.
|
2022-12-16T20:54:11.075Z
|
35,945,911 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/ijc.29639",
"MAG": "2165096688",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Dear Editor, Tomasetti and Vogelstein recently published two articles in Science, proposing that “The majority [of cancer] is due to random mutations arising during DNA replication in normal, noncancerous stem cells,” “[which are] responsible for either initiating the process of tumorigenesis or for driving tumor progression.” They then postulate that “This [their proposal] is important not only for understanding the disease but also for designing strategies to limit the mortality it causes.” These statements were made based on their observation that there is a strong and positive correlation between the total number of stem cell divisions and the lifetime cancer risk in a tissue. We consider that: (i) there is a fundamental disconnection between their observation and their conclusion; hence their above statements are not supported by their data; and (ii) their reports may offer a good opportunity for the research community to have a serious debate regarding the true roles played by somatic mutations in the formation of sporadic cancers, as the current knowledge about cancer versus mutation is predominantly derived based on cell rather than cancer tissue studies; and knowledge gained from tissue repair studies suggest that cell proliferation in a tissue needs more than just mitogenic/growth signals. There is an alternative and more plausible explanation of their main observation. Tomasetti and Vogelstein made an interesting observation regarding a correlation between the number of cell divisions and the lifetime cancer risk in a tissue. This suggests that there is a baseline cancer-risk level for each tissue type, which is determined by the biology of the tissue. However it represents too much of a leap to suggest, without any supporting data, that it is the replicative mutations associated with cell divisions that are responsible for the lifetime cancer risk of a tissue. The only (indirect) support for their claim is the somatic mutation theory of cancer. While it has been a belief held by many that cancer arises solely as a result of genomic mutations, to the best of our knowledge there have not been any published data demonstrating that a sporadic human cancer can be initiated by somatic mutations alone. Actually, there is an alternative and more plausible explanation of their observation. We have examined the basal metabolic rate versus the lifetime cancer risk of a tissue type, and found that they have much stronger correlation, as shown in Figure 1, than the correlation observed by Tomasetti and Vogelstein. Furthermore, the level of oxidative stress, estimated based on expression levels of some oxidative-stress response genes in datasets unrelated to the current study, explains very well the variations in lifetime cancer risk across different countries. Our model, based on tissue metabolic rate and oxidative stress level, achieves R 5 0.96 over 13 leading cancer types in 21 countries (see Supporting Information), in comparison with their model having R 5 0.65 on their data. In the gerontological literature, it has long been proffered that the onset and/or rate of aging have metabolic rate and/or oxidative stress as two key contributors, hence (as aging encompasses a large proportion of the instances of cell death in the life of mature humans), we hypothesize that metabolic rate and/or oxidative stress are key contributors to the total number of cell deaths in a tissue, which is the same as the number of cell divisions for maintaining tissue homeostasis in Tomasetti and Vogelstein’s study. We posit that it is the combination of the basal metabolic rate and oxidative stress level of a tissue that determine both the rate of aging (hence the total number of cell divisions) and the lifetime cancer risk. From this perspective, their observation is not a causal but rather a statistical correlation between two events with common causes. Contributions from environmental factors are hidden and averaged out in their analysis. It is far from being clear from the information provided in Ref. 1 why their ERS (extra risk score) can be used to separate replicative mutations from environment-induced mutations (or damages). Our data in Figure 1 suggest that the average level of oxidative stress, which affects DNA mutation rates, plays an essential role in the level of the baseline cancer risk for each country considered. Yet, the average level of oxidative stress of an organ varies across different countries (see Supporting Information), strongly suggesting that environment plays a role in the basal level of oxidative stress and hence the baseline cancer risk of a tissue. It is also noteworthy that the correlation shown in Ref. 1 is between the average cancer risk and the number of cell divisions, which has largely removed contributions from environmental factors. Figure 2 shows that the lifetime risk of each cancer type has a large variation across 284 regions of 69 countries in the world, which we can reasonably assume is largely due to environmental factors, knowing that different higher eukaryotes, hence different human ethnic Le tt er to th e E di to r
|
2022-12-18T19:23:01.128Z
|
247,117,709 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1155/2022/5364094",
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"PubMedCentral": "8893999"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2022/5364094.pdf"
}
|
The genus Styrax L. consists of approximately 130 species distributed in the Americas, eastern Asia, and the Mediterranean region. The phylogeny and evolutionary history of this genus are not clear. Knowledge of the phylogenetic relationships and the method for species identification will be critical for the evolution of this genus. In this study, we sequenced the chloroplast genome of 17 Styrax samples and added 17 additional chloroplast genome sequences from GenBank. The data were used to investigate chloroplast genome evolution, infer phylogenetic relationships, and access the species identification rate within Styrax. The Styrax chloroplast genome contains typical quadripartite structures, ranging from 157,641 bp to 159,333 bp. The chloroplast genome contains 114 unique genes. The P distance among the Styrax species ranged from 0.0003 to 0.00611. Seventeen small inversions and SSR sites were discovered in the Styrax chloroplast genome. By comparing with the chloroplast genome sequences, six mutation hotspots were identified, and the markers ycf1b and trnT-trnL were identified as the best Styrax-specific DNA barcodes. The specific barcodes and superbarcode exhibited higher discriminatory power than universal barcodes. Chloroplast phylogenomic results improved the resolution of the phylogenetic relationships of Styrax compared to previous analyses.
|
2022-12-19T18:56:53.023Z
|
198,699,283 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.19105/AL-IHKAM.V14I1.2197",
"MAG": "2954192840",
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|
In providing social security, the government requires all Indonesian workers to become members of the BPJS Employment. However, because the majority of the population is Muslim who live based on the laws of the Qur'an and Sunnah, it is necessary to review whether the BPJS Employment has fulfilled the syarî'ah economic law or not. By applying the method of normative legal research and interview techniques to parties concerned, this study concludes that the contract of the BPJS Employment program does not deviate from the sharia economic law (Islamic economic law) because, in the compensation on accident during the work program (JKK) it can be categorized as tabarru’ contract which only applies to virtue. The Death Insurance program (JKM) is an implementation of at-takmin at-ta’âwuniy, which is ta’âwun in a tabarru’ conrract. As for the Old Age security program (JHT), it’s concept is similar to the contract of mudlârabah musytarakah. The same goes for the Pension Insurance (JP) program as a transition from the contract for wârits.
|
2022-12-27T17:15:21.983Z
|
206,487,619 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/0269216310397568",
"MAG": "2068628519",
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}
|
There is an increasing demand for hospital specialist palliative care services to be made more accessible outside of normal working hours. However, it has been argued that extended service provision could be misused and that specialist telephone advisory services are an adequate response to this demand. A ‘routine’ Saturday face-to-face visiting service was introduced into a hospital palliative care team and the service was evaluated to determine whether it was being utilised appropriately. A retrospective notes review of out-of-hours assessments was undertaken. Anonymised data relating to the nature of the interaction with the palliative care team and the outcome of the consultation were entered into an electronic database. A random sample of routine weekday interactions was also evaluated. A total of 336 Saturday and 93 weekday assessments were analysed. Most of the Saturday assessments resulted in a significant change in management (57%) or were undertaken on patients close to death (10%). There were 39/336 (12%) new referrals assessed on Saturdays. There were few differences between the nature of the Saturday and the weekday service and no evidence of ‘inappropriate’ referrals. We found clear evidence of the need for a specialist out-of-hours face-to-face inpatient visiting service for hospital palliative care.
|
2022-01-27T08:15:33.078Z
|
226,601,780 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.25656/01:19116",
"MAG": "3035149877",
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}
|
Journal for educational research online 12 (2020) 1, S. 5-25
Padagogische Teildisziplin: Padagogische Psychologie; Padagogik der fruhen Kindheit;
|
2022-01-27T05:46:22.169Z
|
179,061,098 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.14512/OEW290108",
"MAG": "1543219422",
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"license": null,
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}
|
Im Januar hat die Europaische Kommission die Architektur fur die Klima- und Energiepolitik von 2020 bis 2030 vorgeschlagen. Die Kritik in den deutschen Medien ist ausgepragt – ist sie auch gerechtfertigt? Ein genauerer Blick auf die vorgeschlagenen Ziele lohnt sich.
|
2022-02-08T14:09:44.650Z
|
163,049,826 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21707/GS.V8I1.19154",
"MAG": "2235513550",
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"url": null
}
|
Tecnicas permaculturais sao alternativas que vem sendo desenvolvidas, no intuito de produzir uma cultura permanente que reintegra o ser humano ao ambiente, levando em consideracao a observacao do meio natural e a experimentacao no intuito de aprimorar os diversos fatores que estao auxiliando a degradar a vida e a natureza. Dessa forma, busca restituir o equilibrio na natureza que as acoes humanas tem quebrado. A falta de saneamento basico tem trazido muitas consequencias negativas, tanto a saude humana, quanto ao ambiente, gerando conflitos, dessa forma, gerenciar os residuos gerados, principalmente os esgotos, deve estar entre as prioridades de todos os governos municipais. Como nas areas periurbanas ha menos investimento nesta area que nas areas urbanas, acoes que diminuam os impactos dos residuos, no sentido de eliminar as fontes de poluicao difusa, como os esgotos domesticos sao essenciais. Assim, este trabalho visou realizar acoes demonstrativas de como a gestao dos residuos liquidos pode ser realizada de forma sustentavel. Foram escolhidas duas comunidades que apresentavam efluentes domesticos com escorrencia a ceu aberto. Foram implantados tanques de evapotranspiracao (fossas ecologicas para o tratamento de aguas negras) no Condominio Amizade e circulos de bananeiras, para o tratamento de aguas cinzas, em Engenho Velho, Joao Pessoa, PB. Apos as acoes desenvolvidas verificou-se a satisfacao de todos os que participaram do projeto. Como o objetivo deste projeto era a insercao de algumas tecnologias nas comunidades, para servir de modelo para a sua replicacao, por outros comunitarios, podemos dizer que para alem dos resultados positivos da implantacao das tecnologias por si so, visto que melhorou bastante as areas em que foram aplicadas, pela eliminacao de esgotos a ceu aberto, houve a divulgacao das tecnicas, que ja foram aplicadas em outros locais, o que demonstra a apropriacao dessas metodologias, pelas comunidades.
|
2022-06-04T22:46:21.396Z
|
12,350,990 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1364/OL.36.002453",
"MAG": "1981101446",
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}
|
An electrically tunable high-efficiency phase diffraction grating using the transparent lead magnesium niobate-lead titanite (PMNT) electro-optic ceramic is proposed. A photomask technique is used for fabricating the grating with the Ti/Pt/Au interdigital electrodes. With the variation of the equivalent phase face induced by the quadratic electro-optic effect of the PMNT ceramic, the diffraction patterns of the light beam will be changed in which the diffraction efficiency may be controlled by an applied DC voltage. When the applied voltages are 41, 80, and 139 V, the zero-order, first-order, or second-order diffraction lights will disappear in turn with about 100% diffraction efficiency. The proposed grating can be used as an electrically controlled switch in the laser beam modulation and scanning, especially for the application of the high-power laser systems.
|
2022-07-23T20:21:46.967Z
|
9,922,166 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1353/hpu.2014.0029",
"MAG": "2125090631",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Introduction. Attracting and retaining health workers in remote rural areas is a challenge in Kenya. Devolution of the Kenyan health system may negatively affect worker retention; incentives may play a role in retaining health workers. Methods. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to health workers and human resource data reviewed. Analysis was for descriptive and emerging themes. Results. Health workers were employed under three different terms of service. The majority receive a monthly hardship allowance in the range of $7.5–94. Only five percent of health workers were able to engage in private practice. Available housing, water supply, electricity supply, and educational facilities were cited as inadequate. With the proposed devolution to county governments, 97.3% of respondents preferred to work in a different county. Conclusion. There may be need to harmonize the terms of service, improve the incentives, and amenities available to health workers in remote Kenyan counties in order to improve retention.
|
2022-09-02T03:03:36.303Z
|
36,508,992 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1348/147608305X25793",
"MAG": "2040441930",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper describes a study investigating lay perceptions of depression in terms of perceived severity. Students (N = 128) were presented with vignettes describing individuals with symptoms of depression based on DSM-IV. The descriptions were varied in terms of gender, social status, and a self-referent manner of communicating depressive symptomatology. Participants were asked to rate the degree to which vignette characters were thought to be depressed on a Likert-type scale. Results indicate that a non-self-referent style of communicating depressive symptoms by female vignette characters was seen as an indication of elevated levels of depression, and these findings are discussed with reference to the literature.
|
2022-09-09T08:41:05.796Z
|
14,945,432 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1109/WICOM.2008.2214",
"MAG": "2022438979",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The introduction of ICT can reduce corruption by improving the enforcement of rules, lessening the discretion of officials, and increasing transparency. Yet, while ICT eliminates many opportunities for corruption for those who do not understand the new technology fully, it opens up new corruption vistas for those who understand the new systems well enough to manipulate them. Proper safeguards are needed. In addition, ICT specialists and public managers need to work together to ensure that e-government systems are coordinated with other reform processes, including business process re-engineering. The paper will examine the experience of Asia-Pacific countries in this area.
|
2022-09-13T14:40:04.026Z
|
132,395,624 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1002/2016WR020143",
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|
Temporal variations in the subsurface velocity field are often (if not always) present in the real world to at least some degree. However, an accounting of their effects on chemical transport has been largely neglected. Here we demonstrate experimentally the effects of a time‐varying velocity field on conservative chemical tracer transport in porous media, as compared to constant velocity conditions. We find that velocity‐field fluctuations increase chemical tracer spreading and residence time, which intensify the anomalous nature of the transport. This behavior is modeled by a continuous time random walk particle tracking method formulated to account for time‐dependent velocity fields. The model matches the experimental results with a parsimonious and consistent set of parameters. The model is then applied to study the effects of different magnitudes in velocity‐field fluctuations, as well as different degrees of porous media heterogeneity, on 1‐D and 2‐D spatiotemporal propagation of an injected, point‐source, chemical plume. Increased intensity of velocity‐field fluctuations, and increased porous medium heterogeneity, each serve to increase the extent of chemical spreading and anomalous behavior.
|
2022-12-12T03:49:38.182Z
|
5,890,409 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1109/ITSC.2006.1706760",
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|
Intelligent vehicles need reliable information about the environment in order to operate with total safety. In this paper we propose a flexible multi-module architecture for a multi-target detection and tracking system (MTDTS) complemented with a Bayesian object classification layer based on finite Gaussian mixture models (GMM). The GMM parameters are estimated by an expectation maximization (EM) algorithm, hence finite-component models were generated based on feature-vectors extracted from object's classes during the training stage. Using the joint mixture Gaussian pdf modelled for each class, a Bayesian approach is used to distinct the object's categories (persons, tree-trunks/posts, and cars) in a semi-structured outdoor environment based on data from a laser range finder (LRF). Experiments using real data scan confirm the robustness of the proposed architecture. This paper investigates a particular problem: detection, tracking and classification of objects in cybercars-like outdoor environments
|
2022-12-17T11:32:56.388Z
|
115,131,204 |
{
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"DOI": "10.5802/AFST.1289",
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|
Given a representation π of a local unitary group G and another local unitary group H, either the Theta correspondence provides a representation θ H (π) of H or we set θ H (π)=0. If G is fixed and H varies in a Witt tower, a natural question is: for which H is θ H (π)≠0 ? For given dimension m there are exactly two isometry classes of unitary spaces that we denote H m ± . For ϵ∈{0,1} let us denote m ϵ ± (π) the minimal m of the same parity of ϵ such that θ H m ± (π)≠0, then we prove that m ϵ + (π)+m ϵ - (π)≥2n+2 where n is the dimension of π.
|
2022-12-21T09:01:09.388Z
|
121,480,971 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2307/2374228",
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In the first of two papers published in the Annals in 1947 [3] Emil Artin mentioned the problem of determining all automorphisms of the braid groups (of the Euclidean plane), and in the second [4] took a first step towards a solution. The main result of this paper is a complete determination of these automorphism groups: the outer automorphism group is of order two, generated by the automorphism class containing the element which inverts each of the standard braid generators. Visually, a plane projection of the automorphic image of a braid m is obtained from one for f by replacing each over-crossing by an under-crossing. This result establishes a recent conjecture of Pietrowski and Solitar, to whom we are indebted for bringing the problem to our attention. They obtained the first determination of the automorphism group of the fourstring braid group, using techniques for computing automorphism groups of amalgamated free products [13]. (The result for braids on at most three strings is easy and seems part of the folklore.) The argument we employ is algebraic, and is patterned after that
|
2022-12-31T18:45:02.766Z
|
183,869,242 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1515/jwiet-2016-0107",
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
(1) Die modernen Lebenswissenschaften werfen vielfältige normative Fragen auf. Es gibt zahlreiche Beispiele für derartige Fragen nach dem angemessenen Umgang mit biotechnologischen Methoden und biomedizinischen Techniken, etwa mit Blick auf den Schwangerschaftsabbruch oder die Sterbehilfe, die Forschung mit humanen embryonalen Stammzellen oder mit Tieren. Insbesondere stellt sich regelmäßig die Frage, ob im konkreten Fall eine Regulierung angezeigt ist. Der Begriff der Regulierung deckt hierbei ein denkbar weites Spektrum ab. Er reicht von gesetzlichen, eventuell sogar strafbewehrten Verboten über abgestufte Formen der Hinderung wie etwa Einschränkungen hinsichtlich der öffentlichen Förderung oder besonderen Vorgaben für die Anwendung bis hin zu sehr „weichen“ Instrumenten wie Empfehlungen. Selbst wenn man in dem einen oder anderen Fall zu dem Ergebnis kommt, dass keine Regulierung erforderlich ist oder eine solche sogar verfehlt wäre, so lässt sich auch dies als Antwort auf eine ursprüngliche normative Frage begreifen.
|
2022-01-23T02:49:27.162Z
|
177,994,436 |
{
"externalids": {
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"DOI": "10.12957/ESPACOECULTURA.2007.3502",
"MAG": "1592967039",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
RESUMO ESTE ARTIGO E O RESULTADO DE UM ESTUDO ACERCA DA FESTA DE PESSACH E RESSALTA A IMPORTÂNCIA DESTA PARA A MANUTENCAO DAS TRADICOES JUDAICAS NO IMAGINARIO SOCIAL E COLETIVO DOS JUDEUS CONTEMPORÂNEOS, AGINDO COMO UM INSTRUMENTO FUNDAMENTAL PARA REAFIRMAR SEU PASSADO, SUAS ORIGENS E SUA FE. PRIVILEGIAR A FESTA COMO CATEGORIA DE ANALISE DA GEOGRAFIA CULTURAL E RELEVANTE, POIS E INDISCUTIVELMENTE UM EVENTO CULTURAL, PRESENTE NAS MAIS DIVERSAS SOCIEDADES, EXPRESSANDO A NECESSIDADE DE DETERMINADOS GRUPOS DE SE CONECTAREM A UMA ORDEM TRANSCENDENTE QUE ESCAPE A DESTRUTIVIDADE DA TEMPORALIDADE PARA SE APROXIMAR DA ORIGEM. NESTE SENTIDO, A FESTA DE PESSACH E O PONTO DE PARTIDA DO ESTUDO PARA COMPREENDER A CULTURA JUDAICA E A FORMA PELA QUAL ESTA CULTURA E VIVENCIADA, CONTRIBUINDO ASSIM PARA UM ENTENDIMENTO MAIS AMPLO DE SUAS TRADICOES, BEM COMO DA IMPORTÂNCIA DESTAS TRADICOES PARA A MANUTENCAO DA ORDEM PRE-ESTABELECIDA TRANSMITIDA AS GERACOES FUTURAS. PALAVRAS – CHAVE: TRADICAO; CULTURA; FESTA
|
2022-02-08T14:34:32.307Z
|
29,224,611 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1095/BIOLREPROD20.5.985",
"MAG": "2134791285",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The existenceof carriermechanisms for the uptake of amino acidsfrom the uterinelumen of diestrous and estrogen-primed castrated adult rats was investigated using a technique developed for selectiveluminal perfusioncombined with a dual-labelsystem. After a 30-second luminal perfusion/ incubation, ethanol-soluble [‘4C]-D-mannitol and [3H1-o-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) were utilized to estimate diffusion and total amino acid uptake, respectively. The transport component of AIB uptake was considered to be the difference between total AIB and total D-mannitol uptake. The
|
2022-08-30T08:48:31.589Z
|
13,381,346 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/SEAA.2009.91",
"MAG": "2099258819",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Software modules and components have always played a key role in software engineering, primarily as coarse-grained abstractions that embody the principle of information hiding. The fundamental contribution of component-based software engineering lies in making the black-box property a core requirement. In this paper we point out that this important notion tends to be neglected in component model analyses, and define the black-box property in terms of detailed characteristics which help to evaluate component models from this perspective. A survey of typical representatives of industrial and research component models shows that especially the former ones leave much to be desired, and the paper discusses the consequences of the weak aspects of their design.
|
2022-09-13T13:15:55.616Z
|
4,726,513 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "1804.03437",
"DOI": "10.2478/v10229-011-0018-0",
"MAG": "2142751243",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/v10229-011-0018-0"
}
|
Abstract The AGINAO is a project to create a human-level artificial general intelligence system (HL AGI) embodied in the Aldebaran Robotics' NAO humanoid robot. The dynamical and open-ended cognitive engine of the robot is represented by an embedded and multi-threaded control program, that is self-crafted rather than hand-crafted, and is executed on a simulated Universal Turing Machine (UTM). The actual structure of the cognitive engine emerges as a result of placing the robot in a natural preschool-like environment and running a core start-up system that executes self-programming of the cognitive layer on top of the core layer. The data from the robot's sensory devices supplies the training samples for the machine learning methods, while the commands sent to actuators enable testing hypotheses and getting a feedback. The individual self-created subroutines are supposed to reflect the patterns and concepts of the real world, while the overall program structure reflects the spatial and temporal hierarchy of the world dependencies. This paper focuses on the details of the self-programming approach, limiting the discussion of the applied cognitive architecture to a necessary minimum.
|
2022-12-02T11:27:00.813Z
|
39,455,298 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1155/2002/728257",
"MAG": "2286872530",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/crj/2002/728257.pdf"
}
|
Thunderstorm-associated asthma epidemics have been documented in the literature, but no Canadian experience has been reported. On July 31, 2000, a thunderstorm-associated epidemic of asthma or shortness of breath occurred in Calgary, Alberta. The Calgary Health Region investigated the event using diagnostic data from emergency departments, an urgent care medical clinic and patient interviews, in addition to bioaerosol counts, pollutant data and weather data reflecting atmospheric conditions at that time. On July 31, 2000 and August 1, 2000, 157 people sought care for asthma symptoms. The expected number of people to seek care for such symptoms in a 48 h period in Calgary is 17. Individuals with a personal or family history of asthma, allergies or hay fever who were not taking regular medication for these conditions and who were outdoors before the storm appeared to have been preferentially affected. A stagnant air mass the day before the thunderstorm may have resulted in declining bioaerosol concentrations, and the possible accumulation of spore and pollen reservoirs within mould and plant structures. The elevated bioaerosol concentrations observed on the day of the thunderstorm may be attributed to the sudden onset of high winds during the thunderstorm, which triggered a sudden release of spores and pollens into the atmosphere, which was probably responsible for the epidemic. Several pollutant levels slightly increased on the day of the storm and possibly also played a role in symptom development. It is unclear whether an atmospheric pressure drop contributed to the release of spores and pollens.
|
2022-12-05T20:12:53.841Z
|
202,212,355 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.295.9",
"MAG": "2967979122",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this study the effect of thermal spray process on wear resistance of NiAl/Cr2C3 thermal spray coating has been investigated. For this purpose the NiAl power mixed with 10 %wt. Cr2C3 powder and milled for 1 hrs at argon atmosphere. The APS parameters such as voltage (V), current (A), spray distance (mm), powder feed rate (gr/min), were optimize using a response surface methodology. For investigation effect of spray parameters on quality of coatings, the porosity and wear resistance of coatings analyzed with SEM and pin on disk wear test. Results show that increase of voltage and current are more effective other parameters. Increasing of powder feed rate and spray distance raised porosity of coatings intensively.
|
2022-12-18T13:01:13.866Z
|
238,228,973 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1152/ajpcell.00057.2021",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Several chronic diseases lead to skeletal muscle loss and a decline in physical performance. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small, non-coding RNAs, which has exhibited its role in the development and diseased state of the skeletal muscle. miRNA regulates gene expression by binding to the 3' untranslated region of its target mRNA. Due to the robust stability in biological fluids, miRNAs are ideal candidate as biomarker. These miRNAs provide a novel avenue in strengthening our awareness and knowledge about the factors governing skeletal muscle functions such as, development, growth, metabolism, differentiation and cell proliferation. It also helps in understanding the therapeutic strategies in improving or conserving skeletal muscle health. This review outlines the evidence regarding the present knowledge on the role miRNA as a potential biomarker in skeletal muscle diseases and their exploration might be a unique and potential therapeutic strategy for various skeletal muscle disorders.
|
2022-12-29T18:32:09.290Z
|
229,384,658 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.37871/JBRES1162",
"MAG": "3108050088",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Introduction: The invasion of bacteriophage on the associated host bacterium depends on their receptors’ orientation that adsorb them to cell surface. During phage replication a valuable number of proteins acts as lytic enzymes for host puncher at the beginning of the infection and other for burst after lytic cycle compilation. Accordingly, the proteomic relationship among phage and bacterium proteins could easily be studied by their protein profi les analysis.
|
2022-06-18T10:08:00.754Z
|
73,457,333 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.11607/jomi.7075",
"MAG": "2915360676",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
PURPOSE
To investigate the histologic differences between immediate implants placed in chronically infected sites and noninfected sites in a canine model. The histologic results of immediate implant placement also were evaluated on the basis of healing time and implant surface modification.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Chronic endodontic-periodontic combined lesions were induced on the second, third, and fourth premolars of the hemimandible in six dogs, with the contralateral teeth as controls. Implants were immediately placed following the infected and noninfected tooth extractions using implants with a machined surface, sandblasted with alumina and acid-etched surface, and chemically modified sandblasted with alumina and acid-etched with calcium solution surface. After 1 and 3 months, three dogs were euthanized and the bone-to-implant contact, bone area fraction occupied, buccal and lingual first bone-to-implant contact from the implant platform, and buccal and lingual marginal bone loss were calculated.
RESULTS
On histologic evaluation, no inflammation was observed around implants placed in the infected or noninfected sockets. At 1 month, no statistically significant differences were observed between the infected and noninfected sockets in buccal marginal bone loss in the machined implant group (P = .046), lingual first bone-to-implant contact from the implant in the sandblasted with alumina and acid-etched group (P = .046), lingual marginal bone loss in the sandblasted with alumina and acid-etched implant group (P = .028), buccal first bone-to-implant contact from the implant platform in the chemically modified sandblasted with alumina and acid-etched with calcium solution group (P = .028), and lingual first bone-to-implant contact from the implant platform in the chemically modified sandblasted with alumina and acid-etched with calcium solution group (P = .046). At 3 months, no statistically significant differences were observed in parameters between the infected and noninfected sockets for three implant surfaces. Differences between the infected and noninfected sockets were observed between the machined and sandblasted with alumina and acid-etched implant at 1 month (P = .023).
CONCLUSION
Immediate implant placement in an infected socket did not lead to any differences when compared with placement in a noninfected socket when sufficient healing time was provided.
|
2022-09-11T11:44:04.057Z
|
203,718,779 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.14288/HFJC.V11I4.271",
"MAG": "1826353154",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This contains the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire for Everyone (PAR-Q+) for French speaking North Americans (referred to as the Questionnaire sur l’aptitude a l'activite physique pour tous (Q-AAP+)). This link will also contain the revised, evidence-based, and consensus panel approved Q-AAP+ as it evolves over the years.
|
2022-12-12T02:45:39.314Z
|
238,660,271 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/03069885.2021.1961209",
"MAG": "3196154031",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Infertile women often experience chronic stress that can harm their well-being. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction programmes on tolerance of...
|
2022-12-15T22:16:00.374Z
|
205,734,733 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/JTO.0000000000000295",
"MAG": "1973504524",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Mediastinal masses are relatively uncommon, yet include a large variety of entities. Some tumors can be diagnosed with confidence based on imaging alone; others when a typical appearance is combined with the right clinical presentation. A structured approach for radiologists is presented to facilitate evaluation of patients with anterior mediastinal tumors. The approach focuses first on the more common tumors and on imaging features that strongly suggest a particular diagnosis. Discussion with the clinician can be very helpful in formulating a presumptive diagnosis. This article also discusses that confirmatory imaging or biopsy tests are most beneficial in particular situations.
|
2022-12-19T23:32:20.919Z
|
206,615,421 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1126/science.350.6267.1482-c",
"MAG": "2267553609",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/42196/1/Edwards%20%26%20Laurance%202015-mining%20disasters.pdf"
}
|
Mining for fossil fuels and minerals is penetrating into many of the world's most remote and biologically important tropical forests. In the Amazon, there are some 53,000 active mining leases ([ 1 ][1]), and hundreds of billions of dollars in new mines are planned across the Congo basin ([ 2 ][2]). But are extractive industries in the tropics investing sufficiently to prevent environmental disasters?
The urgency of this question is underscored by a recent disaster at the Samarco iron ore mine in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Tailing-pond dams burst on 5 November, disgorging 50 million cubic meters of mineral sludge into the Rio Doce. Hundreds of kilometers of river have been polluted, with potentially devastating long-term consequences for aquatic wildlife and hundreds of thousands of local inhabitants, who formerly relied on the river for water and fisheries ([ 3 ][3]). A disaster of this magnitude in a remote tropical forest would cause a catastrophic loss of hyperdiverse forest, and endanger indigenous tribes.
In tropical wet environments, huge quantities of rain can fall in short timespans. Tropical mines therefore require specially designed tailing ponds and infrastructure that can withstand massive influxes of water, but the engineering is often inadequate. This appears to have been the case in the Samarco disaster.
Although many nations require mining corporations to pay a bond to be held in escrow for future clean-ups, it is unclear how often or effectively this is being enforced in tropical developing nations. However, prevention is far better than cure. We urgently need a global framework to police the construction, management, and maintenance of key infrastructure in tropical mines. Given that tropical nations are hungry for mining-tax revenues and mining corporations (including Vale, the joint owner of Samarco) are often major contributors to political parties, there will be temptations to overlook these urgent safeguards ([ 4 ][4]).
![Figure][5]
A girl runs between mattresses inside a sports arena where residents are taking refuge after being displaced by bursting dams in Minas Gerais, Brazil.
PHOTO: AP PHOTO/FELIPE DANA
We propose an independent global authority to fulfill this critical role. Such an authority must be able to temporarily close failing or high-risk mines, and must have mechanisms for reporting to relevant stock exchange listings and financial institutions. Without independently verified security, there is an escalating risk of environmental catastrophe in the world's tropical regions.
1. [↵][6]1. N. Alexander
, The Emerging Multi-polar World Order: Its Unprecedented Consensus on a New Model for Financing Infrastructure Investment and Development (Heinrich Boll Foundation North America, 2014).
2. [↵][7]1. D. P. Edwards 2. et al
., Conserv. Lett. 7, 302 (2014).
[OpenUrl][8][CrossRef][9]
3. [↵][10]1. H. Escobar
, Science 350, 1138 (2015).
[OpenUrl][11][Abstract/FREE Full Text][12]
4. [↵][13]1. W. F. Laurance
, New Scientist, 16 August, 16 (2008).
[1]: #ref-1
[2]: #ref-2
[3]: #ref-3
[4]: #ref-4
[5]: pending:yes
[6]: #xref-ref-1-1 "View reference 1 in text"
[7]: #xref-ref-2-1 "View reference 2 in text"
[8]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DConserv.%2BLett.%26rft.volume%253D7%26rft.spage%253D302%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1111%252Fconl.12076%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx
[9]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1111/conl.12076&link_type=DOI
[10]: #xref-ref-3-1 "View reference 3 in text"
[11]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DScience%26rft.stitle%253DScience%26rft.aulast%253DEscobar%26rft.auinit1%253DH.%26rft.volume%253D350%26rft.issue%253D6265%26rft.spage%253D1138%26rft.epage%253D1139%26rft.atitle%253DMud%2Btsunami%2Bwreaks%2Becological%2Bhavoc%2Bin%2BBrazil%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1126%252Fscience.350.6265.1138%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F26785449%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx
[12]: /lookup/ijlink/YTozOntzOjQ6InBhdGgiO3M6MTQ6Ii9sb29rdXAvaWpsaW5rIjtzOjU6InF1ZXJ5IjthOjQ6e3M6ODoibGlua1R5cGUiO3M6NDoiQUJTVCI7czoxMToiam91cm5hbENvZGUiO3M6Mzoic2NpIjtzOjU6InJlc2lkIjtzOjEzOiIzNTAvNjI2NS8xMTM4IjtzOjQ6ImF0b20iO3M6MjU6Ii9zY2kvMzUwLzYyNjcvMTQ4Mi4zLmF0b20iO31zOjg6ImZyYWdtZW50IjtzOjA6IiI7fQ==
[13]: #xref-ref-4-1 "View reference 4 in text"
|
2022-12-30T01:21:33.982Z
|
122,368,469 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/PLASMA.2012.6383372",
"MAG": "2031605143",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Summary form only given. We present a novel method for solving Maxwell's equations, designed specifically to solve the Vlasov-Maxwell system. In such problems, the relevant plasma phenomena exist over a time scale that is long compared to that introduced by the speed of light. Our solver is built with the intent to accurately and efficiently simulate electrodynamics problems, but that can also transition to an efficient magneto static solver.
|
2022-02-09T19:19:33.356Z
|
72,251,594 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/03124076708549627",
"MAG": "2048163786",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The setting of the study described in this article is an Admission Centre—the Wallace Wurth Clinic—one of the several Units comprising the Psychiatric Centre, North Ryde.
|
2022-02-11T10:02:13.112Z
|
70,683,458 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15388/LIETCHIRUR.2010.1.2124",
"MAG": "1538662150",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Valentinas Uvarovas, Igoris Satkauskas, Eduardas Bartkevicius, Evaldas Kascėnas Vilniaus greitosios pagalbos universitetinės ligoninės Ortopedijos ir traumatologijos centras, Siltnamių g. 29, LT-04130 Vilnius El pastas: valiusuvarovas@gmail.com Aprasomas plaucių tromboembolijos atvejis po artroskopinės kelio sąnario operacijos. Straipnio tikslas – isanalizuoti sio retai pasitaikancio po artroskopinių operacijų ir gyvybei pavojingo sindromo galimas priežastis ir prevencijos taktiką, svarbius giliųjų venų trombozės rizikos veiksnius, pateikti literatūros apžvalgą. Aprasomas klinikinis atvejis, kai 58 metų pacientei, neturinciai ypatingų giliųjų venų trombozės atsiradimo rizikos veiksnių, artroskopinė kelio sąnario menisko rezekcijos operacija komplikavosi plaucių arterijos tromboembolija. Pacientė paguldyta į stacionarą atlikti artroskopine operaciją dėl desinio kelio vidinio menisko plysimo, buvo operuota tą pacią dieną. Atlikta beveik visiska vidinio menisko rezekcija. Operacijos metu naudota slaunies manžetė, kuri ispūsta iki 350 mmHg, operacijos trukmė 40 min., operacijos eiga buvo sklandi. Antrą parą po operacijos pacientei atsirado ūmaus kvėpavimo nepakankamumo požymiai, ji paguldyta į intensyviosios terapijos skyrių, kur atlikus sirdies echoskopiją ir EKG buvo diagnozuota plaucių arterijos tromboembolija. Buvo taikyta dirbtinė plaucių ventiliacija, vazopresorių infuzijos, gydymas antikoaguliantais ir trombolitikais. Intensyvioji terapija buvo veiksminga, po dviejų parų gydymo patenkinamos būklės pacientė buvo grąžinta į ortopedijos skyrių, vienuoliktą parą po operacijos israsyta is ligoninės. Jos būklė buvo gera. Reiksminiai žodžiai: plaucių arterijos tromboembolija, giliųjų venų trombozė, artroskopija, mažos molekulinės masės heparinas. A case of pulmonary embolism after arthroscopic knee surgery Valentinas Uvarovas, Igoris Satkauskas, Eduardas Bartkevicius, Evaldas Kascėnas Orthpedic Traumatology Center of Vilnius University Emergency Hospital, Siltnamių str. 29, LT-04130 Vilnius, Lithuania E-mail: valiusuvarovas@gmail.com We present a case of pulmonary empolism (PE) following successful arthroscopic meniscectomy. Although the incidence of PE following arthroscopic knee surgery has not been well established, such occurrences place the patients at high risk. The patient was a 58-year-old women with no no definite risk factors of PE, who underwent arthroscopic meniscectomy. In spite of one postoperative profilaxis dose of LMWH (Fraxiparine 0.4 ml) on the first postoperative day, on the second postoperative day she developed dyspnea, tachycardia, hypotonia. Investigations carried out in the intensive care department, including ECG, echocardiography, supported the diagnosis of PE. Heparin therapy was initiated, and the patient’s condition improved sufficiently to allow her follow-up at our outpatient department. Key words: pulmonary embolism, arthroscopy, deep vein thrombosis, low-molecular weight heparin.
|
2022-02-11T11:21:25.115Z
|
62,549,218 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1108/07378839810303929",
"MAG": "2069570612",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This guide to the selection of a Z39.50 client presents numerous evaluation criteria and poses questions that should be asked when reviewing and testing end‐user products. The areas for consideration include whether to buy or build a Z39.50 client, the end‐user’s requirements, connecting to a remote server, searching, managing the search response, Z39.50 services, the vendor and testing. As some knowledge of the Z39.50 standard is helpful in the selection process and contributes to an understanding of how a Z39.50 client works, brief descriptions of some of the major aspects of Z39.50 are also included.
|
2022-02-11T14:37:22.768Z
|
250,809,224 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/0953-8984/3/8/003",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The recent dynamical model suggested by the present authors is modified to explain the observed experimental results on atomic vibrations of carbon atoms perpendicular to (0001) graphite surface ((uz2)T) in the temperature range 0-300 K. The model also yields the detailed calculated values of (uz2)T given by Firey et al. (1983). It is found that in both cases the atomic vibrations are predominantly two dimensional in character.
|
2022-07-31T13:18:09.307Z
|
45,987,440 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICME.2002.1035595",
"MAG": "2127537752",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper discusses the configuration of an Internet-based system in which products and services relating to digital content are offered to users by employing the ISO MPEG-21 standard and the de facto standards: Content ID (defined by cIDf) and DOI (defined by IDF).
|
2022-09-02T03:53:37.818Z
|
252,421,791 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.56499/jppres20.979_9.4.409",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://jppres.com/jppres/pdf/vol9/jppres20.979_9.4.409.pdf"
}
|
Context: Premature aging usually occurred due to free radicals reducing the skins’ physiological functions. Muntingia calabura, a plant containing rich antioxidants, has the potential to overcome this problem. Aims: To evaluate the antioxidant capacity of M. calabura in inhibiting the premature aging process, to be potentially developed into an antiaging active ingredient. Methods: The samples were extracted using ethanol 96%, and processed into n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol fractions, respectively. Total phenolic content was determined, followed by the evaluation of antioxidant capacity through DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS assay. Further, anti-elastase was conducted using human neutrophil elastase as a skin degradation enzyme, followed by an anti-collagenase test. Finally, normal cell proliferation was also evaluated via the MTT method measuring cell viability on HDFa cells. Results: As the results, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and ethanol fraction showed a strong antioxidant effect, having great capacity reducing DPPH, ABTS radicals, and also iron reduction, in contrast to n-hexane fraction that exhibited only weak activity. The antioxidant trend capacities were found directly correlated to total phenolic contents. Furthermore, the ethyl acetate fraction was found to have optimum activity in inhibiting elastase and collagenase enzymes, showing a similar impact on cell viability. Conclusions: The ethyl acetate fraction from M. calabura exhibits the prospect for further development to support its effectiveness as an active ingredient in antiaging cosmetics.
|
2022-09-23T00:38:34.022Z
|
38,758,299 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1590/S1517-83822005000400007",
"MAG": "1989530511",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Biofilm bacterial infections are common in patients undergoing treatment with haemodialysis. This study involved 16 patients (7 males, 9 females; ages from 22 to 81 with an average age of 50) who had had a total of 25 temporary haemodialysis polyurethane catheter insertions into the subclavian vein (22 dual-lumen and 3 triple-lumen). The catheters remained in place from 3 to 91 days, on an average of 47 days. The reasons for catheter removal were: bad functioning (44%), suspicion of catheter-related infection (20%), availability of permanent access (16%), accidental removal (12%), signs and symptoms of infection at the site of catheter insertion (4%), and exogenous contamination (4%). Positive tip cultures were observed on seven of the catheters (28%), showing three positive blood cultures. The Staphylococcus aureus were identified in 12% of the blood cultures and isolated from one of the hubs, and biofilms were observed on all catheter tips. The S. aureus retrieved from both blood and catheters (tips and hubs) were resistant to penicillin and susceptible to azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, oxacillin, rifampin, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, and vancomycin. The S. aureus strains isolated from both blood and catheters (tips and hubs) were considered to be identical based on antibiotic susceptibility patterns and genetic similarity assessed using an automated ribotyping system.
|
2022-11-11T08:03:57.737Z
|
95,986,309 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/JZ900038C",
"MAG": "2031012294",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Resonance Raman−photocurrent imaging (RRPI) is introduced to spatially map the morphology-dependent polymer aggregation state to local photocurrent generation efficiency in poly-(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) blend thin film photovoltaic devices. The C═C symmetric stretching mode of P3HT is decomposed into contributions from aggregated (IC═Cagg, ∼1450 cm−1) and unaggregated (IC═Cun, ∼1470 cm−1) chains, and the ratios of their integrated intensities (IC═Cagg/IC═Cun, R) is used as a reporter for the local P3HT aggregation state. Maps of R values and photocurrents are generated for both as-cast and annealed P3HT/PCBM devices that permit direct spatial correlations between the P3HT aggregation state and local photocurrent generation efficiency. Regions of increased P3HT aggregation are observed at both P3HT/PCBM interfaces and in P3HT-rich areas that result in decreased photocurrent generation. Voltage-dependent RRPI studies are also performed at several applie...
|
2022-12-19T07:01:19.931Z
|
45,037,122 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/JNCI/95.12.896",
"MAG": "2164290357",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
BACKGROUND
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D(3) inhibits growth of several types of human cancer cells in vitro, but its therapeutic use is hampered because it causes hypercalcemia. 19-nor-1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D(2) (paricalcitol) is a noncalcemic vitamin D analog that is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism. We investigated the antitumor activity and mechanism of action of paricalcitol in vitro and in vivo.
METHODS
Effects of paricalcitol on proliferation, the cell cycle, differentiation, and apoptosis were examined in cancer cell lines. Effects on tumor growth were examined with colon cancer cell xenografts in nude mice (five in the experimental group and five in the control group). The interaction of paricalcitol with the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in mononuclear spleen cells and myeloid stem cells from wild-type and VDR knockout mice was examined. All statistical tests were two-sided.
RESULTS
Paricalcitol inhibited the proliferation of myeloid leukemia cell lines HL-60, NB-4, and THP-1 cells at an effective dose that inhibited growth 50% (ED(50)) of 2.4-5.8 x 10(-9) M by inducing cell cycle arrest and differentiation. Paricalcitol inhibited the proliferation of NCI-H929 myeloma cells at an ED(50) of 2.0 x 10(-10) M by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Paricalcitol also inhibited the proliferation of colon cancer cell lines HT-29 (ED(50) = 1.7 x 10(-8) M) and SW837 (ED(50) = 3.2 x 10(-8) M). HT-29 colon cancer xenografts in paricalcitol-treated nude mice were smaller (1044 mm(3) and 1752 mm(3), difference = 708 mm(3), 95% confidence interval = 311 to 1104 mm(3); P =.03) and weighed less (1487 mg and 4162 mg, difference = 2675 mg, 95% confidence interval = 2103 to 3248 mg; P<.001) than those in vehicle-treated mice. Paricalcitol induced committed myeloid hematopoietic stem cells from wild-type but not from VDR knockout mice to differentiate as macrophages.
CONCLUSION
Paricalcitol has anticancer activity against myeloid leukemia, myeloma, and colon cancer cells that may be mediated through the VDR. Because it has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration, clinical trials of this agent in certain cancers are reasonable.
|
2022-12-21T04:51:17.634Z
|
225,291,017 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/en13174513",
"MAG": "3081634477",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/17/4513/pdf?version=1598940763"
}
|
This paper presents the design and a short cycle repeatability test of a silica gel-based thermal energy storage system using low grade heat for the desorption phase. The system was designed to test the degradation in the energy storage density of the adsorbent material for a 2 h working period in a short number of cycles (5 cycles). Low grade heat of 70 °C is used for regeneration during the desorption phase in each cycle. It was found that a reduction of 1.6 W/kg per each cycle of energy storage was observed, up to 5 cycles. The maximal heat storage density was 292 kJ/kg at the first cycle and reduced to 225 kJ/kg at the fifth cycle. Furthermore, the total amount of water vapor adsorbed in the silica gel was observed as well. The test of energy storage was performed under a short time period (maximal approx. 165 min).
|
2022-12-21T17:38:33.896Z
|
195,831,339 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2923760",
"MAG": "2951901661",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The effective segmentation and 3-D rendering of the esophagus and esophageal cancer from the computed tomography (CT) images can assist doctors in diagnosing esophageal cancer. Irregular and vague boundary causes great difficulty in the segmentation of esophagus and esophageal cancer. In this paper, U-Net Plus is proposed to segment esophagus and esophageal cancer from a 2-D CT slice. In the new network architecture, two blocks are employed to enhance the feature extraction performance of complex abstract information, which can effectively resolve irregular and vague boundaries. A block is a skip connection operation that is similar to convolution. The architecture is trained through a dataset of 1924 slices from 10 CT scans and tested through 295 slices from 6 CT scans. The training and test datasets are expanded tenfold to simulate the segmentation of the 3-D CT image. Using the new framework, we report a 0.79 ± 0.20 dice value and 5.87 ± 9.91 Hausdorff distance. A semi-automatic scheme is then designed for the 3-D segmentation of the esophagus or esophageal cancer. The 3-D rendering of the esophagus or esophageal cancer is implemented to assist in the diagnosis of esophageal cancer.
|
2022-12-25T18:12:09.296Z
|
35,368,405 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.7748/ncyp2013.12.25.10.26.e352",
"MAG": "1781546358",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
AIM
To examine how children in hospital perceive their meetings with clowns.
METHODS
An interview study with ten children and an observation study of 12 children were carried out at two different hospitals employing clowns in southern Sweden.
FINDINGS
Analyses of the interviews produced four main thematic categories: the clowns' attributes, feelings that the clowns provoked, children's thoughts about the clowns' visit, and one negative experience. Analyses of the observations produced two main categories: clowns' interplay based on initiatives from children, and children's reactions to the event. The children experienced their hospital stay as being fun, which helped them feel more at home. A visit from the clowns was evidently important for the children.
CONCLUSION
The clowns brought play and humour into the hospital and this gave children the opportunity to focus on something other than their illness, aiding their wellbeing and recovery.
|
2022-06-04T03:33:41.190Z
|
234,236,846 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1070/RM9989",
"MAG": "3134772049",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Academician Sergei Ivanovich Adian (1 January 1931 —5 May 2020), one of the most prominent Russian mathematicians, was born in the mountain village of Kushchi, in the Dashkasan district of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic, which lies 40 kilometers away from the town of Ganja (which was soon renamed Kirovabad, but now is Ganja again). His father Ivan Arakelovich Adian was a carpenter, a son of a herdsman, and his mother Lusik was a daughter of Konstantin Truzyan, a peasant. Two years later Sergei Adian’s parents moved to Kirovabad. By the beginning of World War II they had four children. In 1941, during the first days of the war the father was conscripted and was soon killed when his unit was surrounded. Sergei, like his parents, did not speak Russian, but in 1938 they sent him to the Russian secondary school no. 11 in Kirovabad, where his mathematical abilities became obvious quite early. When he graduated, the public education department of Kirovabad applied to have him included in the Azerbaijan quota of graduates sent to study at Moscow State University. The application was declined (it was mainly ethnic Azerbaijanis that were accepted), and as a result he enrolled in
|
2022-02-07T21:40:32.923Z
|
22,373,349 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/CLINCHEM/33.11.2109",
"MAG": "2121058470",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A 62-year-old woman receiving chemotherapy with etoposide showed discrepant uric acid values as measured by a direct phosphotungstic acid (PTA) method (150 mg/L) compared with a uricase technique (40 mg/L). After ultrafiltration, the positive interference for the direct PTA method was retained in the protein fraction, but not in the filtrate. Adding exogenous etoposide to drug-free serum confirmed this interference for the direct PTA method, but not for the uricase procedure or a PTA technique preceded by dialysis. Decisions for aggressive patient management are often based on the magnitude of hyperuricemia. We do not recommend that the direct phosphotungstic acid method be used to measure uric acid in patients receiving etoposide.
|
2022-09-08T06:43:22.174Z
|
120,367,892 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1103/PHYSREV.130.2135",
"MAG": "1994161964",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Investigations of the primary energy dependence of the rate of production of secondary electrons by relativistic primary electrons, and of the nature of the secondary energy distributions, were conducted. The sandwich arrangement, characterized by the feature that the primary beam is essentially monoenergetic while traversing the target, was utilized. Spectra of electrons emitted from C, Ni, and Al bombarded by primaries having energies over the range 0.3-1.6 Mev were determined. The distributions were essentially identical with those previously measured at much lower energies. The secondary electron yield was determined as a function of primary energy for C, Ni, and Al. With thick targets, and at lower energies, an enhancement occurs as a consequence of elastic scattering. The application of calculated corrections for this effect provides yield values that, for a given material, are independent of target thickness. The result that the data then follow the theoretical energy-loss curves indicates that the yield is proportional to dE/dx. Earlier measurements of the variation of yield with primary angle of incidence were extended to lower primary energies. An apparent saturation of the yield at steep angles of incidence occurs as a consequence of a baiance between the enhanced production rate and the lossmore » of primaries that are scattered out of the surface. It is concluded from the various results of these experiments that the secondary emission process can be represented by the relationship: deg C). The re = /sup -1/(dE/dx) e (1000 to 2000 x sec , where deg C). The re is the number of emitted secondary electrons per incident primary, is the average energy required to produce one emergent secondary electron, dE/dx is the rate of energy loss of the primary electrons, e (1000 to 2000 x is the thickness of the region in which escaping secondary electrons are produced, and is the angle of incidence of the primary electrons. Values of the ratio / e (1000 to 2000 x = 150 kev cm/sup 2//mg for C, 90 kev cm/sup 2//mg for Al, and 100 kev cm/sup 2//mg for Ni, are in agreement with those previously determined with 1 --10 kev primaries. For bulk Al targets, the ratio of the measured yield at 1 kev to that at 1 Mev, approximately 55, is equal to the corresponding ratio of the theoretical rates of energy loss. (auth)« less
|
2022-12-06T17:50:18.690Z
|
189,489,905 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.22059/jte.2017.232209.1007571",
"MAG": "2789105285",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
کانال وامدهی بانکها از جمله کانالهای اعتباری و غیرنئوکلاسیک در ادبیات مکانیزم انتقال پولی میباشد. این کانالها مبتنی بر فرض اطلاعات نامتقارن بوده و بازارها را ناقص و ناکارآمد عنوان میکنند؛ از آنجایی که بانکها در ایران از جمله مهم ترین فراهم کنندگان منابع مالی میباشند، در این مطالعه به بررسی نقش بانکها در انتقال اثرات سیاست پولی در چارچوب کانال وامدهی پرداخته میشود. به این منظور اثرات ویژگیهای سلامت مالی و ترازنامهای بانکها بر تسهیلات و اثر آنها بر تشدید سیاست پولی مورد بررسی قرار میگیرد. دادههای خرد و صورتهای مالی 18 بانک خصوصی و دولتی ایرانی برای دورهی زمانی 1386-1393 با استفاده از روش GMM مطالعه میشود. نتایج بیانگر اثر مثبت و معنادار کفایت سرمایه بر تسهیلات اعطایی میباشد. از سویی اثر نسبت سپرده، منفی و معنادار، ولی بسیار کوچک است. متغیرهای کلان اقتصادی از جمله تولید ناخالص داخلی و شاخص قیمتها، دارای ضرایب مثبت و معنادار بوده و ساختار مالی و ریسک اعتباری ضریب منفی و معنادار بر تسهیلات اعطایی دارند. همچنین مطابق دیگر یافتههای مطالعه، کفایت سرمایه و ساختار مالی بانکها، هر دو شدت اثرگذاری سیاست پولی را افزایش میدهند؛ بنابراین در جمع بندی به سیاستگذاران توصیه میشود که بهمنظور دستیابی به اهداف سیاستی، به اثرات غیرمستقیم ویژگیهای بانکها بهویژه کفایت سرمایه و ساختار مالی در ایران توجه خاص داشته باشند. طبقهبندی E52، G21،E31،C22: JEl
|
2022-01-24T22:05:25.977Z
|
164,545,361 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3139/104.101231",
"MAG": "2613165301",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Kurzfassung Ostdeutsche Industriekerne mit metallverarbeitenden Unternehmen haben ihre Produktivität zwischen 2005 und 2007 erheblich verbessert. Wesentliche Gründe dafür sind die höhere Auslastung des Personals, eine auf Lerneffekten beruhende zügigere Auftragsabwicklung sowie temporäre, zur Kompensation von Belastungsspitzen geschaffene Kapazitätserweiterungen. Hinzu kommt, dass vormals identifizierte „Fehlstellen“ im lokalen Unternehmensbestand überwiegend aus eigener Kraft geschlossen werden, um eine effiziente betriebliche Arbeitsteilung vor Ort zu ermöglichen.
|
2022-02-08T20:23:37.939Z
|
53,913,471 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1158/1538-7445.SABCS14-P3-07-14",
"MAG": "1552363193",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Introduction The Systemic Therapies for HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer Registry (SystHERs) is a US-based prospective observational cohort study currently enrolling patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC). It began in 2012 and aims to provide real-world insight into the disease course, treatment patterns and associated clinical outcomes, and patient-reported experiences of disease. Here we describe the baseline characteristics of this population to date, including the proportion of patients with de novo and recurrent HER2-positive MBC. Methods SystHERs aims to enroll ∼1000 patients with HER2-positive MBC within 6 months of first metastatic diagnosis. At enrollment, investigators report whether patients have recurrent or de novo MBC, the latter defined as distant metastases at the time of initial MBC diagnosis. Results As of February 17, 2014, data are available from 306 of 319 enrolled patients. Forty-six percent (142/306) had de novo HER2-positive MBC. For the 54% (164/306) with recurrent HER2-positive MBC, median disease-free interval (DFI, defined here as time from early-stage breast cancer diagnosis to diagnosis of MBC) was 43.6 (range 0.5–270.2) months. For these patients with recurrent disease, 54% (89/164) received (neo)adjuvant HER2-targeted therapy. Baseline patient and tumor characteristics are shown below. Conclusions The proportion of patients with de novo MBC appears to have increased over time to 46% in SystHERs, compared with 33% in RegistHER, a registry study that enrolled 1023 patients with HER2-positive MBC from 2003–2006 (Yardley et al, 2014), and predated the broad use of HER2-targeted therapy in the (neo)adjuvant setting. The DFI for patients with recurrent HER2-positive MBC also appears to be longer (median DFI 43.6 months in SystHERs vs. 32.6 months in registHER). We hypothesize that the proportion of patients with de novo MBC within the metastatic population is higher due to the use of advanced screening techniques which allow better detection of metastases, and due to a reduction in recurrences related to the availability of HER2-targeted adjuvant therapy. Changes in the population characteristics of patients with HER2-positive MBC may impact treatment strategies and have trial design implications. Updated data from approximately 500 patients are expected by the time of presentation. Citation Format: Debu Tripathy, Adam Brufsky, Melody Cobleigh, Mohammad Jahanzeb, Peter Kaufman, Ginny Mason, Musa Mayer, Joyce O9Shaughnessy, Hope Rugo, Sandra M Swain, Denise A Yardley, Mary Beattie, Bongin Yoo, Sara Hurvitz. Increasing proportion of de novo compared with recurrent HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: Early results from the systemic therapies for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer registry study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-07-14.
|
2022-09-06T10:53:53.483Z
|
996,493 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICON.2006.302587",
"MAG": "1980731860",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Recent research results on Internet router buffer sizing suggest that when TCP traffic is well-paced, Internet routers need as few as 20-30 packet buffers to realise near-maximum link throughputs, independent of link capacities and number of TCP flows. However, these studies have ignored non-TCP traffic, on the grounds that TCP traffic predominates in the Internet. In this paper we evaluate this assumption via practical experiments on a long-haul Australian network. Specifically, for different volumes of long range dependent real-time streaming video traffic in the network, we quantify end-to-end TCP throughput and real-time traffic loss as router buffer sizes at bottleneck and non-bottleneck links vary. Our results indicate that even in the presence of 5-15% bursty real-time traffic, TCP requires larger router buffers to achieve a given fraction of its saturation throughput. However, larger buffers lead to increased losses for real-time traffic. This suggests that TCP and non-TCP traffic can negatively impact each other, and their performance trade-offs need to be considered when sizing router buffers
|
2022-09-14T03:22:40.528Z
|
251,133,444 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1371/journal.pone.0271891",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "9333256"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0271891&type=printable"
}
|
Slope One algorithm and its descendants measure user-score distance and use the statistical score distance between users to predict unknown ratings, as opposed to the typical collaborative filtering algorithm that uses similarity for neighbor selection and prediction. Compared to collaborative filtering systems that select only similar neighbors, algorithms based on user-score distance typically include all possible related users in the process, which needs more computation time and requires more memory. To improve the scalability and accuracy of distance-based recommendation algorithm, we provide a user-item link prediction approach that combines user distance measurement with similarity-based user selection. The algorithm predicts unknown ratings based on the filtered users by calculating user similarity and removing related users with similarity below a threshold, which reduces 26 to 29 percent of neighbors and improves prediction error, ranking, and prediction accuracy overall.
|
2022-11-26T07:30:48.806Z
|
203,956,273 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4307/JSEE.45.5_18",
"MAG": "2326433909",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Engineering education needs to respond various societal demands at the specific stage of social development. In advanced countries, which are moving from industrial society to post-industrial society, design and concept formation are more important in engineer-ing education than knowledge and skill. The current engineering education in Japan was based on the curriculum proposed by Prof. Henry Dyer of Kobu Daigakko (Imperi-al College of Engineering). Though the system had been quite successful, it needs at present reform reflecting the times. Two surveys, which were conducted by Japanese Society for Engineering Education and School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, have revealed the importance of human factor and the necessity of enhancing creativity, leadership and active attitude together with specialized knowledge.The future engineering education needs intimate collaboration between industry and university in addition to enhanced curricula of human factor and creativity. It will also be necessary to educate the difference in evaluation between engineering and basic sci-entific research and to teach evolution of technology in a practical world.
|
2022-07-10T05:37:25.162Z
|
62,780,191 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/rfic.2002.1012093",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
With the aim of achieving very low phase noise, two area and power consumption efficient methods of coupling two or more identical VCOs are presented. To verify the principles, a set of fully integrated, coupled VCOs of the cross-coupled differential pair type, was manufactured in a commercial SiGe HBT technology. The measured phase noise at 100 kHz offset frequency was -106 dBc/Hz at 6 GHz using two coupled VCOs and -103 dBc/Hz at 12 GHz using four coupled VCOs. A phase noise reduction of 1-6 dB was achieved relative to a single VCO of the same topology. In one of the two methods, output signals are additionally obtained in quadrature.
|
2022-09-11T23:22:17.293Z
|
51,987,309 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/1369183X.2018.1447365",
"MAG": "2591954462",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ABSTRACT This manuscript examines how personally knowing a deportee and/or undocumented immigrant affects the mental health of Latina/o adults. Utilising a new survey sponsored by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Center for Health Policy at the University of New Mexico (n = 1493), we estimate a series of logistic regressions to understand how personal connections to immigrants are affecting the mental health of Latinos using stress process theory. Our modelling approach takes into consideration the sociopolitical, familial, cultural, and personal contexts that make up the Latina/o experience, which is widely overlooked in datasets that treat Latinos as a homogeneous ethnic group. Our findings suggest that knowing a deportee increases the odds of having to seek help for mental health problems. The significance of this work has tremendous implications for policy makers, health service providers, and researchers interested in reducing health disparities among minority populations especially under a new administration, which has adopted more punitive immigration policies and enforcement.
|
2022-09-24T07:24:17.225Z
|
237,811,370 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21533/PEN.V9I2.2030",
"MAG": "3180692927",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The study's objective is to investigate factors that contribute to user acceptance and the actual use of mobile apps in the online service. The UTAUT and ETAM models were used in this study, and they facilitated the development of the hypotheses. The hypotheses were that quality, satisfaction, security, performance expectation, effort expectation, facilitating conditions, and social influences impact mobile app acceptance and the actual use of online service. The study used a quantitative case study approach and data collection through surveys. The p values obtained for the seven constructs were lower than the 0.05 and 0.001 significance levels and hence supported the hypothesis developed.
|
2022-09-29T22:48:57.859Z
|
53,356,455 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5772/22471",
"MAG": "1559799988",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://www.intechopen.com/citation-pdf-url/24152"
}
|
Over the past 100 years, there has been a dramatic and explosive growth of information about and technology related to the science and practice of gastroenterology. Endoscopy services are the mainstay of diagnosis and treatment in gastroenterology. Endoscopies have undergone significant changes enabled by advances in information technology (IT). The ability to take video pictures onto the computer screen and to print them has enabled more effective image capture, image storage and retrieval as well as quality assessment. The developed countries of the world have taken great advantage of these innovations and developments but the story is totally different for the developing or resource – poor countries. The developing countries are characterized by low measures of development such as income per capita, rate of literacy, life expectancy and other health indices. These countries have not achieved a significant degree of industrialization relative to their populations, and which have in most cases a low standard of living. Strictly speaking, the term developing implies mobility and does not acknowledge that development may be in decline or static in some countries, particularly African countries. It is for this reason that the World Bank classifies countries on the basis of Gross National Income (GNI) per capita (World Bank, 2010). Digestive diseases impose a substantial burden on global health. In the United States, over 40 billion US Dollars was used for gastrointestinal disease in one year (Sandler et al 2002).Comparable information on the digestive health of people living in developing countries may not be available but it is known that diarrheal diseases account for 17.9% of deaths in low-income countries compared to 1.6% in high-income countries (World Health Organization, WHO 2008). Helicobacter pylori is a leading cause of gastrointestinal disease globally. Whereas the prevalence of this infection has declined considerably in the developed world, it is still very high in the developing countries (Torres et al 2000), with the majority of the global burden of infection found here (World Gastroenterology Organization, WGO 2006) because most of the risk factors for its transmission are rife in the developing countries. These include low socio-economic status, crowded living conditions, several children sleeping on one bed, large numbers of siblings and unclean water (Webb et al 1994, Malaty et al 1996, Lindkvist et al 1998, Dominici et al 1999, Nabwera et al 2000).
|
2022-11-20T05:43:44.364Z
|
251,080,044 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.52403/ijrr.20220734",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220734"
}
|
Education is one of the benchmarks in achieving the progress of a country. Learning media that has used the latest technology is a website. The media designed in this research is the Geoeduvid Website for learning geography in high school. The formulation of the problem in the research is how the effectiveness of the Geoeduvid Website learning media for disaster mitigation spatial intelligence in high school. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the Geoeduvid Website learning media for spatial intelligence of disaster mitigation in high school. The population used is all SMA and MA in Sragen. The research sample used was SMA Walisongo Karangmalang and MA Nurul Huda Gondang. The research sample technique used is probability sampling with cluster sampling type. Data collection techniques with tests, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis technique with quantitative descriptive.
Keywords: Geoeduvid, media, website. .
|
2022-12-12T01:35:38.681Z
|
55,894,493 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15835/NBHA3918985",
"MAG": "1933344026",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
During the last decade consumption of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) has been highly recommended, based on the presence of phytochemicals with health protective effects for humans. Apart from these compounds, pomegranate might apport high levels of minerals, however, they are likely to be affected by cultivar, environment and development stage of fruits. In this study, some physico-chemical characteristics along with minerals (P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) were determined in fruits in three development stage (immature, unripe and full ripe) of pomegranate cv. 'Hicazna' grown in Antalya, Turkey. The most of physico-chemical characteristics and concentrations of minerals of pomegranate strongly influenced by development stage. Fruit weight was 7.25 g, 140.57 g and 423.16 g in immature, unripe and full ripe stages. 100 aril weight changed from 0.34 g to 33.21 g during development stage. Soluble solid content were 6.16%, 10.38% and 15.84% in immature, unripe and full ripe stages. The contribution to the intake of minerals was in general high, with special emphasis on the contributions of K, Ca and Mn.
|
2022-12-15T02:41:31.733Z
|
147,350,864 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3917/ncae.028.0001",
"MAG": "2990794313",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02304244/file/cae-note028.pdf"
}
|
Les depenses de protection sociale representent en France pres de 672 milliards d'euros, soit 31,8 % du PIB. Au sein de l'OCDE, notre pays se distingue par l'importance de la part publique de ces depenses et le morcellement institutionnel du systeme de protection sociale. Cette gouvernance eclatee souleve trois problemes economiques fondamentaux. Premierement, elle rend plus difficile la realisation d'arbitrages collectifs sur l'importance de la depense publique de protection sociale et sur son partage entre les differents risques. Deuxiemement, le defaut de coordination au sein d'un meme risque social, entre regimes de base et complementaires, ne permet pas de satisfaire les besoins au moindre cout pour la societe. Troisiemement, cette organisation ne permet pas de faire une distinction claire entre deux types de protection sociale dont les logiques de solidarite et de financement different : les regimes qui versent des prestations contributives, dont l'objectif est d'assurer des revenus de remplacement aux revenus d'activite, et les systemes de protection sociale qui offrent des prestations a tous les citoyens en fonction de leurs besoins, sans rapport avec leurs contributions.
|
2022-12-17T22:54:52.885Z
|
248,400,946 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1145/2043603.2043607",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Despite many recent developments in virtual reality, an effective locomotion interface which allows for normal walking through large virtual environments was until recently still lacking. Here, we describe the new CyberWalk omnidirectional treadmill system, which makes it possible for users to walk endlessly in any direction, while never leaving the confines of the limited walking surface. The treadmill system improves on previous designs, both in its mechanical features and in the control system employed to keep users close to the center of the treadmill. As a result, users are able to start walking, vary their walking speed and direction, and stop walking as they would on a normal, stationary surface. The treadmill system was validated in two experiments, in which both the walking behavior and the performance in a basic spatial updating task were compared to that during normal overground walking. The results suggest that walking on the CyberWalk treadmill is very close to normal walking, especially after some initial familiarization. Moreover, we did not find a detrimental effect of treadmill walking in the spatial updating task. The CyberWalk system constitutes a significant step forward to bringing the real world into the laboratory or workplace.
|
2022-12-18T12:14:36.635Z
|
6,239,989 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3310/HTA12120",
"MAG": "2150875643",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
OBJECTIVES
To assess the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of central venous catheters (CVCs) treated with anti-infective agents in preventing catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI).
DATA SOURCES
Major electronic databases were searched from 1985 to August 2005.
REVIEW METHODS
The systematic clinical and economic reviews were conducted according to accepted procedures. Only full economic evaluations (synthesis of costs and benefits) comparing the use of anti-infective central venous catheters (AI-CVCs) with untreated CVCs or other treated catheters were selected for inclusion in the economic review.
RESULTS
A total of 32 trials met the clinical inclusion criteria. Seven different types of AI-CVC were identified, with the most frequently tested being chlorhexidine and silver sulfadiazine (CHSS) (externally treated), CHSS (externally and internally treated) and minocycline rifampicin (internally and externally treated). In general, the trials were of a poor quality in terms of reported methodology, microbiological relevance and control of confounding variables. The pooled result suggests a statistically significant advantage for AI-CVCs in comparison to standard catheters in reducing CRBSI [odds ratio (OR) 0.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.34 to 0.60, 24 studies, I-squared = 0%, fixed effects]. Analysis by subgroups of catheters demonstrates that antibiotic-treated catheters and catheters treated internally and externally decrease CRBSI rates significantly (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.46, six studies, I-squared = 0%, fixed effects, and OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.70, nine studies, I-squared = 0%, fixed effects, respectively). Catheters treated only externally demonstrate a wider CI and non-significant effect (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.43 to 1.06, nine studies, I-squared = 0%, fixed effects). A treatment effect was also found for trials with an average duration of between 5 and 12 days, and for the one study with a mean duration of over 20 days. There was a statistically significant treatment effect for both femoral and jugular insertion sites and for those studies reporting a mix of insertion sites. The treatment effect was not observed in trials using exclusively subclavian insertion sites. Of the four trials that compared treated catheters, one reported a benefit of antibiotic-treated catheters over catheters treated externally with CHSS. All three sensitivity analyses testing for study design differences reported a statistically significant treatment effect. The review was limited owing to the quality of the trials included, marked differences in the definitions and methods of diagnosis of CRBSI, and inconsistent reporting of risk factors and patient population factors. Furthermore, two-thirds of trials were commercially funded. The economic performance (cost-effectiveness and potential cost-savings) of using AI-CVCs to reduce the number of CRBSIs in patients requiring a CVC was also reviewed. Results show that the use of AI-CVCs instead of standard CVCs can lead to a reduction in CRBSIs and decreased medical costs. To complement the reviews, a basic decision-analytic model was constructed to explore a range of possible scenarios for the NHS in England and Wales. Results show that for every patient who receives an AI-CVC there is an estimated cost-saving of 138.20 pounds. The multivariate sensitivity analyses estimate potentially large cost-savings, depending on the size of the population, under a wide range of cost and clinical assumptions. However, those considering the purchase of AI-CVCs should ensure that their patient populations and the important characteristics of local clinical practice are indeed similar to those described in this economic evaluation.
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, AI-CVCs are clinically effective and relatively inexpensive and therefore their integration into clinical practice can be justified. However, the use of these anti-infective catheters without the appropriate use of other practical care initiatives will have only a limited success on the prevention of CRBSIs. Comparative trials are required to determine which, if any, of the treated catheters is the most effective. Pragmatic research related to the effectiveness of bundles of care that may reduce rates of CRBSI is also warranted.
|
2022-12-18T14:50:33.963Z
|
224,348,870 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.26656/fr.2017.4(6).223",
"MAG": "3049316682",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.4(6).223"
}
|
Rana, M.S., Das, P.C., Yeasmin, F. and Islam, M.N. Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh Department of Agro Product Processing Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh Department of Chemical and Food Process Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology, Rajshahi 6204, Bangladesh
|
2022-03-12T09:14:55.209Z
|
245,685,123 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.24136/jaeee.2021.001",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "http://economic-research.pl/Journals/index.php/jaeee/article/download/1941/1833"
}
|
The article presents the infrared measurement techniques for analyzing and monitoring the dynamic state of the structure using advanced thermal imaging techniques. The article present an overview of the infrared measurement techniques and algorithms proposed research design based on the selected infrared measurement techniques. The article presents the results of a series of studies on the possibility of applying the vibrothermography methods in SHM systems. In particular it focuses on the analysis of the possibility of studying the dynamics of the rotor and the detection of its failures during operation. The results of vibrothermography studies of impeller made of plastic are presented. The results of studies based on algorithms developed by the authors. The article also presents the concept of the use of thermal imaging research in fault detection and monitoring of the dynamic state of real objects.
|
2022-01-22T01:21:14.539Z
|
216,140,139 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/19359705.2011.553784",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this essay, the author explores themes of self-disclosure, transparency, and the clinical use of self. Through the lens of the author's experiences as a transgender male therapist who transitioned while in clinical practice, the essay examines how clients responded to this disclosure and how it affected the clinical relationship and work. This essay was originally delivered as the keynote address for the Transgender Clinical Symposium, New York, on February 20, 2010.
|
2022-01-23T04:03:28.240Z
|
111,073,386 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/IMTC.1996.507391",
"MAG": "2124183304",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The quantitative and qualitative monitoring of the moisture is of great importance both in agriculture and environment protection. The paper presents a measurement procedure for the evaluation of the relationship between moisture and dielectric permittivity, by using bifilar copper lines buried in soil at different depth. Particular attention is given to the effects of salinity and temperature on the results of measurement.
|
2022-02-10T04:32:15.538Z
|
41,001,909 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/BJA/40.3.155",
"MAG": "1965619842",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Dental anaesthesia may be accused of being the most common cause of anoxia and, in Great Britain, we should look with horror at the techniques of the past. Now, happily, the era of anoxic unconsciousness (this state cannot be called anaesthesia) is rapidly becoming a thing of the past. Let us for a moment look back into history, for this form of anoxic anaesthesia for dental extractions was introduced into Britain by Thomas Evans (1869), the American dental surgeon practising at the Court of Emperor Louis Napoleon the Third. On March 31, 1868, he demonstrated it at the Dental Hospital of London. This demonstration was attended by Alfred Coleman, father of the late Frank Coleman (1942a), Clover and probably also Hewitt amongst many other eminent doctors and dentists. The apparatus employed was a pig's bladder with a beer barrel tap for a mouthpiece; in fact, this was the direct replica of the technique employed by Gardiner Quincey Colton when he was an itinerant lecturer and administered nitrous oxide to Horace Wells for the extraction of a tooth in 1844. (Later, Colton became an unqualified anaesthetist, administering nitrous oxide for dental surgeons whom he employed at the Colton Dental Institute in New York.) This momentary deprivation of oxygen produced freedom from pain for a short time and enabled extractions to take place. It was not associated with fatalities nor, as far as one can make out, with cerebral complications, although records were not kept as carefully in those days as they are now. It is easy to understand that when nitrous oxide is administered by means of a facepiece which is withdrawn when unconsciousness is reached the period of anoxia is extremely short (and it is unusual for anaesthesia to last longer than 30 or 40 seconds). One can compare, therefore, this temporary deprivation of oxygen with that which accompanies the spasms of whooping cough, and it is unlikely that dangerous sequelae would follow in just the same way as there have been very few cases reported of cerebral damage to a child following an attack of whooping cough, even though these periods of hypoxia may have been repeated four or more times per day for two or three weeks. Some years after the introduction of anaesthesia with undiluted nitrous oxide Hewitt experimented with different mixtures of nitrous oxide and oxygen, but it is not always remembered that these original experiments, which were classical for the period, were designed solely to produce a longer period of anaesthesia from a facepiece administration. He states definitely in the first edition (1893) of Anaesthetics and their Administration that the average period of inhalation to produce deep anaesthesia for the extraction of teeth with nitrous oxide alone was about 51 seconds, but, with oxygen, the period for induction was about 110 seconds. However, the average available period of anaesthesia with nitrous oxide alone he reported as 30 seconds but with the addition of oxygen the available operating time was increased to about 44 seconds. Hewitt's original apparatus was described in this epoch-making textbook (on page 121), but it was modified in 1897 to become the portable machine that has been used for a long time for continuous nasal anaesthesia since the introduction of the nosepiece, some few years later. The general introduction of the nosepiece was probably in the year 1899, for both Coleman and Patterson (quoted Coleman 1942b, 1954) described their different equipment in that year, though Clover had described nasal administration of chloroform in 1868. This began the period of prolonged hypoxia and, it is believed, the conditions which caused brain damage. Extended periods of anaesthesia were obtained—with varying equipment—by means of administering either oxygen or air so that a longer period of unconsciousness was provided for the dental surgeon and the success of the administration depended
|
2022-07-25T14:03:55.807Z
|
85,004,435 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S0025315400022992",
"MAG": "2071140046",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The sterol biochemistry of the highly advanced molluscan class – the cephalopods – is poorly understood. Few analyses of their component sterols have been published in which GC-MS has been employed (Voogt, 1973; Idler et al. 1978; ApSimon & Burnell, 1980) and these have only involved 5 species. From the available data the cephalopods appear to have a much simpler sterol make-up than the other less-advanced molluscs. Cholesterol appears to be easily the predominant sterol (ca. 90%) with minor amounts of up to 10 other common marine sterols. Of the species analysed, four (Sepia officinalis, Octopus vulgaris, Eledone aldrovandi and Illex illecebrosus) had a very similar major and minor sterol composition. Only the more primitive Nautilus sp. (Idler et al. 1978) had a noticeably different minor sterol composition. Voogt (1973) reported cephalopods to be able to synthesise sterols though molluscs generally appear only to be able to carry out this biosynthesis slowly (Goad, 1978). Cephalopods are extremely active carnivores and thus would be expected to have a diverse diet. If their component sterols are of a dietary origin, a considerable variation in their minor sterol composition might be expected on the basis of the range in sterol composition reported for pelagic organisms (e.g. Morris & Culkin, 1977), many of which may be possible dietary components. Detailed knowledge however of cephalopod diets is limited. Quite apart from the fact that healthy specimens are rarely caught in nets, those that are caught often feed voraciously on the other organisms trapped in the net prior to being brought on board for examination.
|
2022-09-01T18:30:25.967Z
|
9,307,592 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3171/JNS.1963.20.12.1085",
"MAG": "2088839089",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
I N THE past, cranioplasty has been said to exert a beneficial effect on post t raumat ic epilepsy. For this reason, m a n y surgeons have advocated the early repair of a cranial defect to prevent the occurrence of, or to reduce the frequency of seizures occurring after a head injury. 6,7 On the other hand, some authors have found no convincing evidence of such a beneficial effect. This difference of opinion st imulated our interest in the problem. In a previous study, '4 we have reported upon the course of a series of ~73 men who sustained head injuries during World War I I . The cranial defect was plated in ~05 of these men and left open for one or anoiher reason in the other 68 patients. Sixty per cent of plated patients with post t raumat ic epilepsy and 70 per cent of those with skull defects continued to have seizures 5 to 15 years after the original injury. Cranioplasty per se had little influence upon the development or the course of the epilepsy in this series but, since the defects were repaired some months after injury, it seemed advisable to examine another series of patients, some with early and some with late cranioplasties.
|
2022-09-13T07:42:42.430Z
|
144,462,944 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/000271623316600114",
"MAG": "2036431268",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
THOSE representatives in the Peace Conference of Paris in 1919 who desired that a League of Nations System should be created which would be a vital superstate, found that they had assisted in creating an agency of international co6peration rather than an international sovereignty. The illusion that international coercion might be used was no doubt produced by the war-befuddled state of diplomacy. Fortunately, however, the provisions now found in the Covenant of the League of Nations and in Part XIII of the Treaty of Versailles are not tainted with superstate conceptions. The Treaty of Peace is perfectly compatible with the historic doctrines of international law to which the United States, along with the other members of the family of nations, has long adhered.
|
2022-09-13T22:00:48.828Z
|
74,810,664 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1249/01.MSS.0000401277.18648.18",
"MAG": "2312642959",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Pressure ulcers form a major problem in wheelchair users with a spinal cord injury (SCI). Risk factors include prolonged high interface pressure (IP) under bony prominences and decreased regional blood flow (BF) and oxygenation (%SO2). Common preventive measures, periodic pressure relief movements (PRMs) and specialized cushions, seem not adequate, possibly due to the inactive nature of these methods. Activation of the gluteal and hamstring muscles using electrical stimulation (ES) can change the shape of the buttocks while sitting (and hence improve pressure distribution) and increase BF and may therefore be an alternative method.
|
2022-02-11T07:51:35.242Z
|
120,037,080 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/01630560902987931",
"MAG": "2005993896",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper deals with a class of optimal control problems in which the system is governed by a linear partial differential equation and the control is distributed and with constraints. The problem is posed in the framework of the theory of optimal control of systems. A numerical method is proposed to approximate the optimal control. In this method, the state space as well as the convex set of admissible controls are discretized. An abstract error estimate for the optimal control problem is obtained that depends on both the approximation of the state equation and the space of controls. This theoretical result is illustrated by some numerical examples from the literature.
|
2022-12-11T05:44:47.384Z
|
2,030,994 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2519/jospt.2011.0408",
"MAG": "2038713800",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "http://www.jospt.org/doi/pdf/10.2519/jospt.2011.0408"
}
|
The patient was a 42-year-old woman who was referred to a physical therapist with diagnoses of lumbar degenerative joint disease and a left ankle fracture. The patient reported an insidious onset of low back and left lower extremity pain, which began approximately 2 years prior to referral. She reported having difficulties with balance, which ultimately led to a fall 1 year after her low back and left lower extremity pain began. Her fall resulted in a left ankle fracture that required open reduction and internal fixation. Magnetic resonance imaging of her brain and spine revealed a diffuse, abnormally increased cord signal. The patient was diagnosed with a thoracic syrinx, which is a longitudinal fluid-filled cavity along the spinal cord. The patient underwent a T5-T6 hemilaminectomy, with placement of a syringopleural shunt between T4 and T6. Following surgery, the patient's neurologic status stabilized and did not deteriorate any further. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2011;41(4):282. doi:10.2519/jospt.2011.0408
|
2022-12-17T05:55:59.371Z
|
121,565,056 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1103/PHYSREVB.76.155123",
"MAG": "2010983131",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Conventional density functional theory DFT fails for materials with strongly correlated electrons, such as late transition metal oxides. Large errors in the intra-atomic Coulomb and exchange interactions are the source of this failure. The DFT+U method has provided a means, through empirical parameters, to correct these errors. Here, we present a systematic ab initio approach in evaluating the intra-atomic Coulomb and exchange terms, U and J, respectively, in order to make the DFT+U method a fully first-principles technique. The method is based on a relationship between these terms and the Coulomb and exchange integrals evaluated in the basis of unrestricted Hartree-Fock molecular orbitals that represent localized states of the extended system. We used this ab initio scheme to evaluate U and J for chromia Cr2O3 . The resulting values are somewhat higher than those determined earlier either empirically or in constrained DFT calculations but have the advantage of originating from an ab initio theory containing exact exchange. Subsequent DFT+U calculations on chromia using the ab initio derived U and J yield properties consistent with experiment, unlike conventional DFT. Overall, the technique developed and tested in this work holds promise in enabling accurate and fully predictive DFT+U calculations of strongly correlated electron materials.
|
2022-12-19T02:41:12.444Z
|
153,338,281 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1108/02686900910975341",
"MAG": "2002101138",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the relation between a company's bid-ask spread, a proxy for information asymmetry, and auditor tenure and specialization. Design/methodology/approach - The tests use clustered regression for a sample of 31,689 company-years from 1992 to 2001 and control for factors known to impact bid-ask spread in cross-section. Findings - The findings suggest that the market's perception of disclosure quality is higher and private information search opportunities are fewer for companies engaging industry specialist auditors. In addition, the paper finds that information asymmetry has a U-shaped relation to auditor tenure. This U-shaped relation holds for both specialists and non-specialists; however, the bid-ask spread for specialists tends to fall below that of non-specialists at all tenure intervals. Research limitations/implications - The findings may directly result from auditor tenure and specialization or it may be that those auditor-related characteristics are a subset of concurrent choices made by the company that impacts disclosure quality. Practical implications - Companies have incentives to lower information asymmetry and the findings document that the choice of a specialist auditor and the length of the auditor relationship can potentially influence this objective. Originality/value - The paper provides information to academics, regulators, companies, and auditors concerning the effect of auditor-client relationships on the level of information asymmetry. In addition, it shows the importance of industry specialization and audit firm tenure on audit quality.
|
2022-12-31T18:09:28.843Z
|
162,079,438 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1163/157007285X00096",
"MAG": "2003611711",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
S6v?re, patriarche d'Antioche, depose en 518 pour ses convictions monophysites, occupa les vingt dernières ann6es de sa vie a ecrire des ouvrages de controverse. Ses dossiers de citations patristiques, puis6es aux bonnes sources, transcrites minutieusement, pourvues souvent du titre exact de la piece et des premiers mots de l'incipit, sont une mine pour les historiens de la litterature chretienne ancienne, de langue grecque.' Malheureusement les ouvrages de Severe d'Antioche ont presque entièrement disparu dans leur langue originelle grecque, apr?s que 1'empereur Justinien les eut condamn6s au feu (6 aout 536). Providentiellement, des versions syriaques ont sauv6 ces ouvrages de la destruction, ainsi ses 6crits contre Julien d'Halicarnasse, par exemple ses Contra Additiones Iuliani. De cet ouvrage, Paul de Callinice, en 528, achevait a Edesse la traduction syriaque, d'apr6s un exemplaire grec qui venait tout juste d'etre diffuse dans le public.' Autre circonstance favorable : meme si le manuscrit autographe de la version syriaque a disparu, deux manuscrits presque contemporains, du VIe siecle, l'ont transmise jusqu'A nous.4 Ces d6tails soulignent la valeur du t6moignage de Severe sur un ouvrage de Jean Chrysostome, Catechesis de iuramento: témoignage d'autant plus pr6cieux qu'il est unique et que guère plus d'un siecle le s6pare de I'archev8que de Constantinople.
|
2022-01-27T10:35:15.035Z
|
159,286,105 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3905/jod.2019.26.3.022",
"MAG": "2926770491",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In a recent study, Zhao et al. (2017) presented a tree methodology to evaluate the expected generalized realized variance in a general stochastic volatility model; it provided an efficient way of calculating the fair value of the strike for variance swaps. In this article, the authors expand the methodology to price nonlinear derivatives written on realized variance. They introduce a new option contract, a Bermudan variance swaption, defined as an option on variance swap with early exercise dates. Within the same framework they also show how to value forward-start variance swaps, VIX futures, and VIX options. Numerical tests show that the methodology is efficient and accurate.
|
2022-09-02T13:04:09.322Z
|
3,673,562 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.12932/AP-080217-0007",
"MAG": "2988508366",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
BACKGROUND
Food allergy (FA) prevalence is increasing in pediatric liver transplantation (LT). However, the clinical course is still limited.
OBJECTIVE
This retrospective cohort study aimed to identify the prevalence, risk factors, and the natural history of de novo FA in children post LT.
METHODS
Medical records of pediatric LT recipients from Jan 2001 - Dec 2014 were reviewed. De novo FA was diagnosed by symptoms after exposure to culprit food occurring after LT, and improvement after diet elimination. FA was confirmed if reproduced symptoms after re-challenge or documented sensitization or indicated gastrointestinal eosinophilia.
RESULTS
Among 46 post LT children, 54.3% developed de novo FA at a median time of 12.2 months [Interquartile range (IQR) 6.2, 21.3 months] post LT. The confirmed FA was 39.1%. Gastrointestinal symptom was the most common manifestation followed by skin, anaphylaxis, and others. Culprit foods were cow's milk, shellfish, egg, wheat, soybean, peanut, coconut, fish and monosodium glutamate. The risk factors of FA were transplantation during age below 2 years [hazard ratio (HR), 2.62; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04 - 6.59; p = 0.03), atopic history in family (HR, 5.67; 95% CI, 1.33 - 24.12; p = 0.01), and Epstein-Barr (EBV) viremia (HR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.02 - 5.63; p = 0.04).
CONCLUSIONS
de novo FA in pediatric LT is not uncommon. Age at LT younger than 2 years, family history of atopy, and EBV viremia are associated with developing FA. Development of tolerance after elimination culprit diets for 3 years is similar to general population.
|
2022-09-09T08:55:56.309Z
|
83,731,765 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5851/KOSFA.2008.28.2.113",
"MAG": "1964795567",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Pork patties were made containing hot air dried sweet persimmon powder (T1: 3%, T2: 6%) and freezer dried sweet persimmon powder (T3: 3%, T4: 6%). The control (C: no addition) and each treatment were stored for 40 days at . The pH value decreased (p0.05) preference score for overall acceptability.
|
2022-09-11T02:31:07.213Z
|
24,299,029 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1440-1746.2005.04221.x",
"MAG": "2032167089",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Background and Aim: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) comprises a wide spectrum of liver injury, ranging from steatosis and steatohepatitis to cirrhosis. Reasons for the different natural course in individuals with NAFLD are still unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the natural course of disease in individuals with NAFLD who did not receive pharmacological therapy.
|
2022-09-15T15:53:33.665Z
|
111,034,031 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/073490419901700102",
"MAG": "2146656400",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Burning of polymer matrix composites in postcrash aircraft fires generates a complex mixture of combustion products comprised of gases, organic vapors, and particulate matter including airborne carbon fibers. There is concern among the fire fighting, investigative, and mishap response communities that an unusual health hazard is posed by this combination of combustion products. This paper presents an overview of the nature and potential hazards of acute exposure to airborne carbon fibers from fire and explosion involving advanced composites ma terials. Data from fire tests and crash-site investigations suggest that a small frac tion of the fibers released in fires are respirable and can be inhaled deep into the lung. Most of the carbon fibers produced in fires are 2-10 times larger than the criti cal fiber size associated with asbestos toxicity, and their concentration is well below OSHA recommended levels for chronic exposure. At issue however are the toxico logical effects of adsorbed combustion products. Chemical extraction shows that a large number of toxic organic compounds are adsorbed on these fibers, several of which are known carcinogens and mutagens in animals. At the present time there is no conclusive evidence linking airborne fibers from burning composites to any un usual health hazard. However, no toxicological studies have been conducted to as sess the long-term health effects from exposure to a single high dose of fibrous particulates and any synergistic interactions with the organic chemicals.
|
2022-12-11T18:15:23.472Z
|
43,842,684 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1113/expphysiol.2005.030783",
"MAG": "2157933649",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1113/expphysiol.2005.030783"
}
|
Obesity induced by a high‐fat diet was associated with increased tail‐cuff blood pressure in adult rats. The mechanisms underlying obesity‐related hypertension are unclear, but increased sympathetic activation most probably plays a role. Neuroendocrine alterations observed in obesity may influence both feeding patterns and blood pressure. Work from our laboratory has shown that chronic overfeeding in rats leads to changes in neuropeptide Y (NPY) and α‐melanocyte stimulating hormone (αMSH) in the hypothalamus. These peptides have central effects on blood pressure, indicating that obesity‐related changes in the CNS may impact on cardiovascular function. Population studies suggest that nutrition in early life can influence the subsequent risk of obesity and high blood pressure. To examine the impact of early postnatal overnutrition on blood pressure and adipose‐derived mediators, we adjusted rat litters to 3 or 12 pups (overnutrition and control, respectively). Pups raised in small litters were 15% heavier at weaning, and this intervention was associated with a modest elevation of blood pressure and body weight as adults (16 weeks). Animals raised in small litters had increased 11β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β‐HSD1) mRNA in white adipose tissue as adults, which may impact on cardiovascular function. Adjustment of diet after weaning, to 30% fat diet or standard chow, allowed comparison of the impact of different periods of overnourishment. Implementation of a high‐fat diet at weaning overcame the effect of litter size on body weight from 10 weeks of age. Blood pressure rose progressively with high‐fat feeding and was positively correlated with leptin and body weight. Chronic consumption of a high‐fat diet led to marked increases in leptin and insulin and modest increases in blood pressure, and impacts on brain transmitters implicated in the regulation of both appetite and blood pressure. Overnourishment during early postnatal development led to profound changes in body weight at weaning, which tended to abate with maturation. It also led to long‐term changes in some adipose‐derived mediators, possibly increasing cardiovascular risk.
|
2022-12-13T12:26:32.792Z
|
7,282,002 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1155/2013/389130",
"MAG": "2133424997",
"PubMedCentral": "3888680"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/criem/2013/389130.pdf"
}
|
Peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare intra-abdominal malignancy. Its aetiology has been thought to be due to either inhalation or ingestion of asbestos particles. We present a case of peritoneal mesothelioma developing as a result of a novel third route and the inoculation of fibres into the peritoneal cavity by penetrating trauma and direct transport. This case report highlights the important long term consequences of penetrating abdominal trauma and the need for vigilance in undertaking peritoneal toilet.
|
2022-12-16T10:50:55.073Z
|
243,465,837 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1039/d1ra06458d",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "9043249"
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2021/ra/d1ra06458d"
}
|
The development of efficient, cost-effective and stable N-doped carbon material with catalytic activity as an excellent catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is critical for renewable energy systems. In this study, the unique tip-half-closed N-doped carbon nanohorns (THC-N-CNHs) were firstly produced by the positive pressure-assisted arc discharge method using N2 as the nitrogen source. Benefitting from the novel tip-half-closed structure and sufficient porosity, the specific surface area (SSA) of THC-N-CNHs is calculated to be 670 m2 g−1 without any further treatment, which is three times larger than that of traditional tip-closed CNHs. More importantly, the content of nitrogen can achieve ∼1.98 at% with noticeable pyridinic-N enrichment, increasing the number of active sites for the OER. Furthermore, the three-dimensional spherical feature and the unique pore structure for THC-N-CNHs lead to the fast transportation of electrons, and facile release of the evolved O2 bubbles during the OER process. Therefore, THC-N-CNHs exhibit excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the OER, with an overpotential of 328 mV at 10 mA cm−2, which is superior to that of most N-doped carbon material-based electrocatalysts. Meanwhile, the resulting catalyst also shows excellent durability after long-term cycling. Finally, we emphasize that THC-N-CNHs can be promising candidates as cheap, industrially scalable catalytic scaffolds for OER application.
|
2022-12-18T21:00:00.283Z
|
29,116,995 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "1406.3344",
"DOI": "10.1088/0004-637X/794/2/115",
"MAG": "3100917709",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Mergers are a common phenomenon in hierarchical structure formation, especially for massive galaxies and clusters, but their importance for dwarf galaxies in the Local Group remains poorly understood. We investigate the frequency of major mergers between dwarf galaxies in the Local Group using the ELVIS suite of cosmological zoom-in dissipationless simulations of Milky Way- and M31-like host halos. We find that ∼10% of satellite dwarf galaxies with Mstar > 106M☉ that are within the host virial radius experienced a major merger of stellar mass ratio closer than 0.1 since z = 1, with a lower fraction for lower mass dwarf galaxies. Recent merger remnants are biased toward larger radial distance and more recent virial infall times, because most recent mergers occurred shortly before crossing within the virial radius of the host halo. Satellite–satellite mergers also occur within the host halo after virial infall, catalyzed by the large fraction of dwarf galaxies that fell in as part of a group. The merger fraction doubles for dwarf galaxies outside of the host virial radius, so the most distant dwarf galaxies in the Local Group are the most likely to have experienced a recent major merger. We discuss the implications of these results on observable dwarf merger remnants, their star formation histories, the gas content of mergers, and massive black holes in dwarf galaxies.
|
2022-12-29T15:42:48.885Z
|
208,041,034 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8900496",
"MAG": "2984761336",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Earth-viewed images acquired during a recent asteroid-intercept mission present a unique opportunity for radiometric calibration of visible imagers onboard a space exploration probe. Measurements from the CERES-consistent DSCOVR-EPIC imager act as a reference in providing spatially, temporally, and angularly matched radiance values for deriving OSIRIS-REx-NavCam sensor calibration gains. The calibration is accomplished using an optimized all-sky tropical ocean ray-matching technique, which employs complex pixel remapping, navigation correction, and angular geometry consideration. Of critical consideration in this specific inter-calibration event is the extreme difference in spectral response function (SRF) width between the NavCam and EPIC imagers, which could cause a rather large bias. The NASA-LaRC SCIAMACHY-based online spectral band adjustment factor (SBAF) calculation tool provides an empirical solution to such potential spectral-difference-induced biases through a high-spectral-resolution hyperspectral convolution approach. The adjustments produced from this tool can effectively reduce the calibration gain bias of NavCam2 by nearly 6%, thereby adjusting the NavCam2 sensor to within 3.2% of its pre-launch calibration. These results highlight the capability of the SBAF tool to account for exceptionally disparate SRFs.
|
2022-01-27T06:43:17.739Z
|
98,102,118 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3109/03639048809152027",
"MAG": "2079552151",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
AbstractThe possibility of using the saliva in bioavailability studies of theophylline was investigated. Plasma and saliva concentrations were determined simultaneously and corresponding pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and compared.
|
2022-02-10T12:54:18.818Z
|
236,290,340 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21203/RS.3.RS-616482/V1",
"MAG": "3167765891",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
PURPOSE
Activation of muscarinic receptors located in bladder sensory pathways is generally considered to be the primary contributor for driving the pathogenesis of neurogenic detrusor overactivity following spinal cord injury. The present study is undertaken to examine whether moxibustion improves neurogenic detrusor overactivity via modulating the abnormal muscarinic receptor pathway.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to spinal cord injury with T9-10 spinal cord transection. Fourteen days later, animals were received moxibustion treatment for one week. Urodynamic parameters and pelvic afferents discharge were measured. Adenosine triphosphate content in the voided cystometry fluid was determined. Expressions of M2, M3, and P2X3 receptors in the bladder mucosa were evaluated.
RESULTS
Moxibustion treatment prevented the development of detrusor overactivity in SCI rats, with an increase in the intercontraction interval and micturition pressure threshold and a decrease in afferent activity during filling. The expression of M2 was markedly suppressed by moxibustion, accompanied by a reduction in the levels of ATP and P2X3. M2 receptor antagonist methoctramine hemihydrate had similar effects to moxibustion on bladder function and afferent activity, while the M2-preferential agonist oxotremorine methiodide abolished the beneficial effects of moxibustion.
CONCLUSION
Moxibustion is a potential candidate for treating neurogenic bladder overactivity in a rat model of spinal cord injury, possibly through inhibiting the M2/ATP/P2X3 pathway.
|
2022-12-09T19:07:14.653Z
|
39,159,490 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1159/000054894",
"MAG": "2047154905",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Marked hostility toward relatives, therapists and friends is very frequently observed in anorexia nervosa (AN) as expression of outward-directed aggressiveness which interferes with the therapeutic programs of the patients. With the purpose to investigate this aspect of the disorder and its biological background, we studied in anorexics some neurotransmitter-hormonal secretions which are known to modulate aggressivity-hostility by measuring plasma concentrations of total (TT) and free testosterone (FT), total estrogens (TE), the TT/E and FT/TE ratios, and the serotonergic function by measuring basal prolactin (PRL) levels and responses to stimulation with the specific serotonin (5-HT)-releasing agent D-fenfluramine (D-Fen). In 13 women with AN, 5 of the restricted (AN-R) and 8 of the bingeing/purging type (AN-BP) in an active phase of the disease, and in 13 healthy controls matched for sex and age, we measured hostility by the SCL-90 scale (subscale items 11, 24, 63, 67, 74, 81). Basal TT, FT, TE, TT/TE, FT/TE, PRL values and PRL responses to D-Fen and to saline administration were measured radioimmunologically in AN patients and controls. Hostility was significantly higher in AN patients than in controls, TT, FT and TE concentrations were significantly lower in AN patients than in controls, TT/TE ratio was significantly higher in AN patients than in controls, and FT/TE ratio was not different in the two groups. In AN patients and controls, hostility correlated positively with TT and FT values. Basal PRL values and responses to D-Fen administration were significantly lower in anorexics than in controls, but they did not correlate with the degree of hostility in either patients or controls. In conclusion, hostility is higher than normal in anorexics, and its severity seems to be linked to the secretion of FT and not to the alterations in the 5-HT function.
|
2022-12-16T04:47:43.149Z
|
4,596,075 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/ijms19041067",
"MAG": "2795947037",
"PubMedCentral": "5979499"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/4/1067/pdf?version=1525346912"
}
|
The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-melanogenic activity of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene and its derivatives in B16F10 murine melanoma cells and zebrafish embryos. Twenty five (1E,3E,5E)-1,6-bis(substituted phenyl)hexa-1,3,5-triene analogs were synthesized and their non-cytotoxic effects were predictively analyzed using three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship approach. Inhibitory activities of these synthetic compounds against melanin synthesis were determined by evaluating melanin content and melanogenic regulatory enzyme expression in B16F10 cells. The anti-melanogenic activity was verified by observing body pigmentation in zebrafishes treated with these compounds. Compound #2, #4, and #6 effectively decreased melanogenesis induced by α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. In particular, compound #2 remarkably lowered the mRNA and protein expression levels of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1), and TYRP2 in B16F10 cells and substantially reduced skin pigmentation in the developed larvae of zebrafish. These findings suggest that compound #2 may be used as an anti-melanogenic agent for cosmetic purpose.
|
2022-12-18T22:29:05.095Z
|
74,002,812 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1590/S0102-311X2012001400007",
"MAG": "2172150212",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
O objetivo foi detectar fatores associados a felicidade na populacao idosa. O estudo e do tipo transversal, de base populacional, com dados de 1.431 idosos do ISA-Camp 2008. A amostragem foi probabilistica, por conglomerado e em dois estagios. Foram estimadas as prevalencias do sentimento de felicidade por todo o tempo, segundo variaveis sociais, demograficas, de comportamentos e condicoes de saude. Os idosos que se sentem felizes por maior tempo sao os casados, os que trabalham, sao ativos ou insuficientemente ativos no lazer, ingerem bebida alcoolica ocasionalmente, consomem frutas, legumes e verduras todos os dias, nao sao obesos, apresentam um tempo de sono < 10 horas e dormem bem. As maiores prevalencias do maior tempo de felicidade estao nos idosos que nao apresentam doencas, que avaliam melhor a propria saude e apresentam menos incapacidades. O sentimento de felicidade relaciona-se fortemente com varios indicadores de saude, sugerindo a adequacao do uso complementar do indicador para a avaliacao de programas de promocao da saude de idosos.
|
2022-12-20T13:32:31.930Z
|
238,481,723 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/2053-1591/ac2a60",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ac2a60"
}
|
We studied the microstructure and mechanical properties of the simulated welding heat-affected zone (HAZ) for modified austenitic medium manganese steels (MAMMS) in the welding peak temperature range of 750 °C to 1050 °C. The precipitation behavior of cementite and VC particle was sensitive to the welding thermal cycle in this temperature range. When the peak temperature increased from 750 °C to 850 °C, the intergranular cementite and VC particle became coarser, leading to deterioration of toughness. However, when the peak temperature raised to 1050 °C, the intergranular cementite disappeared. The sensibility of tensile strength to heat input at high peak temperature was higher than that at low temperature, which implied that it was affected by combined effects of the two factors of heat input and peak temperature, rather than a single factor. This variation tendency was highly related with the coarsening behavior of VC particle depending on the interaction effect of these two factors. The growth rate of VC particle with peak temperature of 850 °C was ∼4 times as high as that with peak temperature of 750 °C. However, it only increased to ∼1.3 times when the peak temperature increased from 850 °C to 1050 °C.
|
2022-12-15T03:20:44.649Z
|
82,134,618 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1209/0295-5075/13/8/002",
"MAG": "2056090869",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/200605/files/dek901.pdf"
}
|
Abstract. - In this letter we present the results of a study on fluid-fluid phase separation in binary mixtures. We have investigated two systems: a mixture interacting through the full a-exp-6 potential and a mixture interacting through the repulsive part of the a-exp-6 potential. Monte Carlo simulations were performed at 300 kelvin and the interaction parameter values used for the full potential correspond to the mixture helium-hydrogen. The results of the repulsive a-exp-6 potential demonstrate clearly that attraction is not necessary for fluid-fluid demixing; its only influence appears to be a shift of the critical pressure. The full a-exp-6 results are in good agreement with the experimental data. The research in (binary-) mixtures is one of the topics which can count on a great deal of interest from both experimental and theoretical physicists nowadays. Not only the wide abundance of mixtures in our everyday life and in our universe but also the surprising new phenomena which were detected in the laboratories axe responsible for this increased attention. Mixtures, in general, have a much richer phase diagram than their pure consti- tuents and various effects can be observed only in these multi-component systems. A par- ticular example is the solubility of a fluid in an ordered crystal as was reported recently by Vos and Schouten
|
2022-12-30T01:19:59.821Z
|
95,346,517 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3895/S1981-36862008000200001",
"MAG": "2018158007",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
As caracteristicas fisico-quimicas, enzimaticas e sensoriais de tres cultivares de abacaxi Ananas comosus (L.) Merril foram determinadas e comparadas. Os dados foram analisados por analise univariada e multivariada. Quanto as caracteristicas fisico-quimicas destacou-se o cultivar IAC Gomo-de-mel, o qual apresentou maior porcentagem de solidos soluveis, baixa acidez titulavel e elevado teor de acido ascorbico em relacao as cultivares comerciais tradicionais Smooth Cayenne e Perola. O cultivar IAC Gomo-de-mel caracterizou-se por apresentar baixa atividade de bromelina e peroxidase sugerindo este cultivar pode apresentar menor deterioracao oxidativa e maior vida de prateleira. A aceitacao e atitude de compra dos consumidores foram avaliadas por escalas hedonica e de atitude, descrevendo os atributos de aparencia, aroma, sabor, textura, docura ideal e impressao global. Os resultados mostram que o cultivar IAC Gomo-de-mel apresentou aceitacao similar a cultivar comercial Perola, destacando-se por apresentar maior porcentagem de notas acima de 5 para o atributo sabor sugerindo uma boa aceitacao junto ao mercado nacional.
|
2022-02-10T15:44:56.303Z
|
97,441,711 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1180/claymin.2008.043.3.02",
"MAG": "2108293868",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract The low-charge dioctahedral 2:1 phyllosilicates are an important group of clay minerals that have a low degree of cation substitution and very weak interlayer interatomic interactions which are difficult to reproduce with quantum mechanical calculations. In order to study the crystallographic properties of these compounds with density functional theory (DFT) quantum mechanical methods, an optimization of norm-conserving pseudopotentials of Al, Si, O, H and Na atoms has been carried out, and an optimization of the cutoff radii of the basis sets has been accomplished. Crystallographic properties and vibrational stretching frequencies of the OH groups, ν(OH), have been calculated, being consistent with previous computational and experimental results. All frequencies can be related to the different molecular environment of the OH groups. The effect of octahedral Fe3+ substitution on the ν(OH) frequency is reproduced. Several configurations of cation substitutions and interlayer cation (IC) positions are studied in low-charge dioctahedral 2:1 phyllosilicates, such as Al4(Si7-xAlx)O20(OH)4Nax, with x = 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75, indicating that the IVAl3+ is highly dispersed and the IC tends to be in the substituted ditrigonal hole. For the Al4(Si7Al)O20(OH)4Na composition, the trans-vacant form is more stable than the cis-vacant one.
|
2022-12-19T06:33:15.511Z
|
155,006,570 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/CEP/BYJ019",
"MAG": "2171998319",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This article examines the long-run and short-run determinants of migration from Fiji to the United States between 1972 and 2001 using a human capital framework, which is extended to take account of political instability in Fiji. In the long-run the authors find that differences in income levels, disparities in police strength, disparities in the number of doctors, costs of moving, and political instability in Fiji are all statistically significant with the expected sign. In the short run the cost of moving, lagged migration, political instability, and differences in both police strength and medical care are the main determinants of Fiji-United States immigration.
|
2022-12-24T20:00:24.230Z
|
210,491,246 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2991/icoi-19.2019.136",
"MAG": "2985790813",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.2991/icoi-19.2019.136"
}
|
The purpose of our work is to obtain a multi-dimensional research hotspot after literature cluster analysis of global gerontology research hotspots from 2008 to 2017. Clustering information, such as major research institutions, journals, related diseases, treatment methods, chemical drugs and Chinese herbal medicine, cross-subjects was extracted using “geriatrics nursing” as a search subject based on the PubMedplus retrieval and clustering analysis system. The analysis showed that there are 10 major diseases related to gerontological nursing, such as neurological diseases, Alzheimer's disease, central nervous system diseases, brain diseases, dementia, etc.; the main chemicals associated with gerontology are indigo carmine, amaranth Nearly 20 species such as dye, 30 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines such as tea tree root, and clusters of subjects related to geriatric nursing include geriatrics, rehabilitation medicine, psychosis and mental health. PubMedplus is a very useful biomedical text mining tool. The cluster analysis of the research focus of geriatric nursing can grasp the overall development trend of geriatric nursing at home and abroad, reveal the frontier research hotspots, and provide valuable clues for basic and clinical research. Keywords—Geriatrics Nursing, PubMed, Clustering Analysis
|
2022-01-27T03:20:08.374Z
|