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16,562,656 |
{
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"DOI": "10.18632/ONCOTARGET.3511",
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"PubMedCentral": "4480762"
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|
A significant fraction of patients with lung adenocarcinomas harboring activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations do not experience clinical benefits from EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. Using next-generation sequencing, we screened 739 mutation hotspots in 46 cancer-related genes in EGFR L858R-mutant lung adenocarcinomas from 29 patients who received EGFR-TKI therapy; 13 had short (< 3 months) and 16 had long (> 1 year) progression-free survival (PFS). We discovered MLH1 V384D as a genetic variant enriched in the group of patients with short PFS. Next, we investigated this genetic variation in 158 lung adenocarcinomas with the EGFR L858R mutation and found 14 (8.9%) patients had MLH1 V384D; available blood or non-tumor tissues from patients were also tested positive for MLH1 V384D. Patients with MLH1 V384D had a significantly shorter median PFS than those without (5.1 vs. 10.6 months; P= 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that MLH1 V384D polymorphism was an independent predictor for a reduced PFS time (hazard ratio, 3.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.7 to 7.2; P= 0.001). In conclusion, MLH1 V384D polymorphism is associated with primary resistance to EGFR-TKIs in patients with EGFR L858R-positive lung adenocarcinoma and may potentially be a novel biomarker to guide treatment decisions.
|
2022-12-20T00:31:48.699Z
|
254,623,291 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1344/eha.2022.34.13-44",
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"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://revistes.ub.edu/index.php/estudishistoriaagraria/article/download/41225/38547"
}
|
Entre 1093 i 1095 Europa occidental patí una crisi de mortalitat epidèmica devastadora. Entre abril i novembre de 1095 diverses regions de França i dels Països Baixos foren afectades, a més, per una fam severa. La mortaldat i la fam empenyeren molts pagesos i pobres a seguir el predicador Pere l’Ermità i emprendre, a finals de 1095, l’èxode cap a Orient. Els anys 1093-1095 els comtats catalans, immersos en una dinàmica política diferent, patiren els efectes combinats d’una llarga crisi frumentària relacionada amb les expedicions que els comtes de Barcelona i d’Urgell dirigiren contra les taifes frontereres d’al-Andalus i d’una greu crisi de mortalitat causada per la difusió de la pandèmia continental.
|
2022-12-16T21:01:59.959Z
|
221,960,084 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1046/j.1365-2923.2000.00654.x",
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"url": null
}
|
Thinking about how you learn as well as what you learn is what educationalists call `re ̄ection'. We all do it ± even medical students ± as Sobral from Brazil shows in his study of 103 medical students. He used a questionnaire designed to measure re ̄ection in learning to appraise both the level and direction of change of re ̄ection during an elective course early in the students' clinical experience. The study found that the level of re ̄ection adopted was closely associated with perceived competence in self-directed learning and with satisfaction with the learning experience at the end of the course. High re ̄ection scores at the end of the course predicted improved academic performance and greater self-reported diagnostic ability.
|
2022-01-27T20:25:02.083Z
|
238,676,833 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1126/science.373.6556.755-c",
"MAG": "3187238507",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Bioenergy Crops
One strategy for meeting our future energy needs without fossil carbon is the use of plantations of bioenergy crops such as fast-growing trees or grasses. However, such intensive growth operations are not inherently sustainable and will require fertilization to maintain productivity. Li et al. estimated that in some scenarios, the amounts of nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorous fertilizer that would be required to balance their removal by biomass is nearly half of their current use for all agricultural purposes. Fertilizer supplies are already under pressure. New strategies will be required if bioenergy crops are to be sustainable.
Environ. Sci. Technol. 10.1021/acs.est.1c02238 (2021).
|
2022-02-07T20:28:38.877Z
|
18,371,620 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/NER.2015.7146638",
"MAG": "1545867383",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We developed an integrative spiking neuron framework to study motor learning and control across multiple levels of biological organisations from synaptic learning rules via neural populations and muscles to an arm's movements. Our framework is designed to simulate reward-based motor learning processes by using identified cellular learning mechanisms (neuromodulation) and enable linking these to findings in human and primate motor learning experiments involving reaching movements. The key learning mechanisms are Actor/Critic reward-based learning and STDP synaptic plasticity rules. We simulate and study learning of planar reaching movements, where motor neuron activities drive Hill-type muscle models which mechanically translate forces into movements via a physics simulator. Our simulated brain is trained and tested in a reaching task with unknown dynamics following a psychophysics protocol. The framework is capable of learning the task and we can directly access the output of neuronal populations (e.g. M1, S1, VTA) as well as EMG-equivalent muscle activations, arm reaching trajectories and sensory feedback before, during and after motor learning. Our ability to simulate and explain motor learning across the levels of neural activity as well as psychophysics experiments will be useful in linking human motor learning experiments to their neuronal correlates. This system can thus provide incisive in silico proof-of-principle tests for understanding invasive approaches Brain-Computer-Interfaces and Neuroprosthetics.
|
2022-04-10T14:40:09.629Z
|
216,227,051 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.36074/13.03.2020.v2.29",
"MAG": "3010857253",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://ojs.ukrlogos.in.ua/index.php/logos/article/download/1323/1338"
}
|
context of the creative potential realization and the creative type manager’s creative abilities development is revealed. The main characteristics of the educational manager, who is able to successfully interact with the innovative educational environment and modify it, are analyzed. The prospect of further scientific research is outlined, which consists in the development of a system of practical methods of application of ergodesign in the process of forming a creative type manager in educational institutions.
|
2022-09-04T22:06:36.076Z
|
26,206,601 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/00132586-198002000-00036",
"MAG": "2078653590",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Echocardiographic studies were made of 20 healthy patients scheduled for minor surgical procedures to determine whether this technique could be used routinely in the operating room and to evaluate the effects of halothane and enflurane on left ventricular performance. Thirteen minutes following induction of anesthesia with halothane in ten patients (mean end-tidal halothane concentration 0.93 per cent), mean arterial blood pressure, left ventricular (LV) diastolic dimension, LV fractional shortening, mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening and systolic thickening of the posterior LV wall were significantly decreased. LV systolic dimension was increased significantly. These data indicate that halothane caused decreased contractility in the presence of a decreased afterload. Twelve minutes following induction of anesthesia with enflurane in ten patients (mean delivered enflurane concentration 2.4 per cent), mean arterial blood pressure and LV systolic and diastolic dimensions were decreased, while heart rate was increased significantly, indicating that enflurane caused vasodilatation and may have had some depressant effect on contractility. Echocardiography is a non-invasive, safe and relatively rapid method that can be used in the perioperative period to assess cardiac function and to evaluate the effects of pharmachlogic agents on the heart,
|
2022-09-10T09:09:23.765Z
|
23,234,669 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1055/s-0034-1384827",
"MAG": "2316596030",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The glenohumeral ligaments (GHLs) are the most important passive stabilizers of the shoulder joint. Recognition of acute and chronic glenohumeral ligamentous lesions is very important in the preoperative work-up of shoulder instability and trauma. This article describes and depicts the normal anatomy of the GHLs and their appearance during arthroscopy and on MR and computed tomography arthrography (CTA). Pathologic findings of the superior, middle, and inferior GHLs are described and illustrated with MR and CTA and their corresponding intraoperative arthroscopic images. MR arthrography (MRA) is useful for direct visualization of all GHLs including most lesions of their intra-articular portion and associated capsulolabral pathologies. Sprains, midsubstance tears, avulsion, or fibrous infiltration of the GHL can be identified on MRA images using fast spin-echo sequences with and without fat saturation in the three planes. Although CTA is reputed to better depict associated bony and cartilage lesions, CTA allows only indirect evaluation of the GHLs by outlining their contour or showing contrast penetration. Normal variants may create pitfalls that one should be aware of. Signs of GHL pathology on imaging include: discontinuity, nonvisualization, changes in signal intensity (on MRA), contrast extravasation, contour irregularity, thickening, or waviness.
|
2022-12-03T21:06:02.790Z
|
3,955,771 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/omcr/omw027",
"MAG": "2501957708",
"PubMedCentral": "4979291"
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://academic.oup.com/omcr/article-pdf/2016/8/omw027/6843898/omw027.pdf"
}
|
We present a follow-up case report of a 33-year-old lady with juvenile onset arthritis who developed halo naevi while on treatment with tocilizumab. This case report describes the development of halo naevi, vitiligo and diffuse alopecia areata associated with tocilizumab therapy following infection with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Panton–Valentine leukocidin positivity. This is the first case that describes these events and supports previous theories on cellular and humoral immunity as causative factors. The regression of melanocytes during treatment with tocilizumab could also implicate IL-6 and sIL-6R as future targets in the treatment of melanoma through its direct effect of melanocytic cytotoxicity, which supports previous studies.
|
2022-12-12T11:55:47.525Z
|
38,214,957 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ISIE.2013.6563605",
"MAG": "1975889516",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A new approach on the target feedback loop (TFL) parameterization for the H∞/LTR control is presented in this paper. Based on a similarity transformation, the proposed approach provides a systematic tool to shape the sensitivity function of the TFL to achieve a similar first-order system behavior. Therefore, the process plant should not be necessarily expanded by a pole at the origin as proposed in the Athans' hint, but by any stable real-finite pole. Eliminating the steady-state error is undesirable or even prohibitive in some applications, and thus the proposed procedure is advantageous, since it is not limited to expanding the process plant to a pole at the origin.
|
2022-12-14T02:24:10.242Z
|
227,065,649 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/14767058.2020.1849089",
"MAG": "3103219249",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract Introduction Congenital heart block (CHB) is associated with a mortality rate of 20% and requires a pacemaker in 70% of cases. Steroids can reduce morbidity and prevent the onset of CHB but may have adverse effects on growth and neurodevelopment. This study aimed to clarify the long-term effects of antenatal betamethasone administration on growth and neurodevelopment. Methods The subjects were children with a high risk of CHB due to a high level of maternal anti-SSA/Ro antibody or a maternal history of a previous delivery of a offspring with CHB to whom antenatal betamethasone was administered. Data on body weight, height, and blood pressure were collected as physical outcomes. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (fourth edition) or the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development and the Pervasive Developmental Disorders Autism Society Japan Rating Scale was administered to assess the neurodevelopmental outcome. Results Fourteen children were enrolled. The body weight and height were within normal range in all children. All children had normal intelligence, and none had autism. Conclusion Our study suggested that antenatal betamethasone administration has no negative effects on long-term physical and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
|
2022-12-17T17:05:34.369Z
|
23,549,135 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808940",
"MAG": "2579125592",
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},
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper presents an acoustically engineered nano-waveguide resonator implemented in an aluminum nitride-on-silicon bilayer with an overall thickness of less than 200nm. Acoustic engineering using dispersion characteristics of laterally propagating waves with cross-sectional flexural polarization has been used to realize efficient energy trapping without the need for narrow suspending supports, thus improving device power handling. Having a large aspect ratio, the bilayer nano-waveguide resonator experiences an amplified thermally induced axial stress, which results in a very high temperature coefficient of its resonance frequency. Such characteristics along with the minuscule volume and large peripheral acoustic energy density make the device an exceptional candidate for sensing applications where an increased thermal responsivity and large interaction cross-section are desirable. A prototype device operating at ∼870kHz frequency with a Q of ∼140 — measured in air — shows a vibration amplitude of 100nm at 3V and a linear TCF of ∼ −710 ppm / °C when actuated piezoelectrically with 500 mv at resonance.
|
2022-12-29T14:23:36.429Z
|
129,337,285 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4324/9781315672434-2",
"MAG": "1847639730",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The UVR area of north-central Arizona overlaps the Central Highlands and the Plateau Uplands biogeographic provinces. The UVR area occupies about 6,700 km2 (2,600 mi2) of Yavapai and Coconino Counties (fig. 1.1), and its watershed encompasses the northern valley of the Verde River bounded by the escarpment of the Mogollon Rim to the north and northeast and by the Black Hills to the southwest. The Mogollon Rim escarpment is the boundary between the Plateau uplands province and the Central highlands province. It is a steeply sloping cliff that rises 310 to 610 m (1,000 to 2,000 ft) from the Verde Valley floor to elevations of 1,680 to 2,290 m (5,500 to 7,500 ft). The Rim is dissected by deeply incised canyons. South of the Rim, the landscape is characterized by many buttes and mesas.
|
2022-02-09T14:47:13.456Z
|
110,987,820 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1680/ENSU.11.00035",
"MAG": "2084705645",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Civil infrastructure, including the highway maintenance sector, is under increasing pressure to deliver ‘low-carbon’ services. Reducing this sector's ‘carbon footprint’ can help to meet targets set under the Kyoto Protocol. Carbon dioxide emissions reduction is now a legal requirement under the UK's Climate Change Act; infrastructure clients therefore require their supply chains to provide carbon footprint information. A new, more holistic, project-specific carbon footprinting approach is urgently needed to account for carbon in an integrated manner, identifying areas of carbon hot spots and developing a reduction hierarchy to support business decision making. In this paper a process-based carbon footprinting framework based on the PAS2050:2011 protocol is adopted. Results of case studies (focusing on the carbon footprint) of ‘typical’ UK highway maintenance processes are provided, namely pavement resurfacing, pavement marking, bulk lamp changing and grass cutting. These processes were selected across urb...
|
2022-02-10T04:37:32.966Z
|
158,319,477 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.13130/GAIASCHI-CAMILLA_PHD2016-03-22",
"MAG": "2794784823",
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"status": null,
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}
|
.................................................................................... Introduction ................................................................................ Chapter 1. The literature ................................................................ I. The forms of gender inequalities II. The reasons of gender inequalities III. Supply-side explanations III.1. Human capital characteristics III.2. Institutional work characteristics: the horizontal segregation III.3 Family characteristics: Hakim vs Crompton III.3.1. Do women prefer to care for family? III.3.2. Work-life balance policies, family arrangements and gender equality at work. IV. Theories focusing on the agency of the subject vs theories focusing on structural constraints: a double shift V. Demand-side explanations V.1. Discrimination V.2. Gender bias or gender schema V.2.1. The Matthew effect V.2.2. The Mathilda effect V.3. Gendered organizations Chapter 2. The methodology ............................................................ I. The S.T.A.G.E.S. project II. Field and methods III. The access to the field: challenges and resistances IV. The health system in the Lombardy Region V. The choice of the five hospitals VI. The data collection VII. The questionnaire VIII. The rate of response IX. Population and email lists: a problem of under-coverage X. The representativity of respondent data XI. Recoding the dataset Chapter 3. The dataset ................................................................... I. Human capital characteristics I.1. Age, experience and seniority p. 3
|
2022-02-08T23:48:30.313Z
|
72,702,352 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1053/AR.1999.V15.0150871",
"MAG": "2074977927",
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"url": null
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|
Abstract Summary: The existence of graft-tunnel length mismatch in correctly reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient patients can occur due to both anatomic variation and compromised tunnel placement encountered during revision, despite attempts at prevention with accurate measurement techniques. This study reports a method for resolution of graft-tunnel length mismatch during central third bone–patellar tendon–bone ACL reconstruction. The technique involves rotation of the graft to shorten its length. Variation in graft shortening occurs depending on the direction of rotation, with external rotation achieving greater shortening. At 630° of external rotation, approximately 25% shortening of the collagenous portion of the graft can be achieved, which allows for adequate bitunnel interference fixation in most instances. This technique can be used during difficult ACL reconstructions, both primary and revision, and may also have uses in routine reconstructions. Early clinical results are presented. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery, Vol 15, No 8 (November), 1999: pp 877–881
|
2022-09-01T22:20:18.338Z
|
97,201,573 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1117/12.954097",
"MAG": "2045843751",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The purpose of this paper is to report experimental laser induced Raman and fluorescence measurements of combustion exhausts. The work was motivated by a desire to develop an optical means of performing gas analysis of combustion products of aircraft turbine engines in the field which does not require the placement of a physical probe in the exhaust volume and which could be fully automated.
|
2022-09-08T05:52:15.846Z
|
101,886,132 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1246/BCSJ.58.1738",
"MAG": "2345713899",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
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|
Several effective methods for the cleavage of the cyclobutane ring in 7-alkoxytricyclo[6.4.0.02,7]dodecan-3-one system are described. These involve reactions with hydriodic acid, with trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate, and with KOH in H2O–DMSO via a lactone derivative.
|
2022-09-11T09:35:59.227Z
|
221,217,489 |
{
"externalids": {
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"DOI": "10.3389/fimmu.2020.01881",
"MAG": "3080125365",
"PubMedCentral": "7478174"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01881/pdf"
}
|
Regulation of NK cell activity is mediated through killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) ability to recognize human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules as ligands. Interaction of KIR and HLA is implicated in viral infections, autoimmunity, and reproduction and there is growing evidence of the coevolution of these two independently segregating gene families. By leveraging KIR and HLA-C data from 1000 Genomes consortium we observed that the KIR2DL1 variant rs2304224*T is associated with lower expression of HLA-C in individuals carrying the ligand HLA-C2 (p = 0.0059). Using flow cytometry, we demonstrated that this variant is also associated with higher expression of KIR2DL1 on the NK cell surface (p = 0.0002). Next, we applied next generation sequencing to analyze KIR2DL1 sequence variation in 109 Euro and 75 Japanese descendants. Analyzing the extended haplotype homozygosity, we show signals of positive selection for rs4806553*G and rs687000*G, which are in linkage disequilibrium with rs2304224*T. Our results suggest that lower expression of HLA-C2 ligands might be compensated for higher expression of the receptor KIR2DL1 and bring new insights into the coevolution of KIR and HLA.
|
2022-12-12T09:05:43.268Z
|
165,431,546 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3280/WE2016-002006",
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"url": null
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|
Pur nella consapevolezza che affrontare la complessita di una riflessione sul panorama della disabilita minorile e un compito tanto complesso quanto affascinante, in quanto significa fare i conti con un variegato universo, al centro del quale ci sono le persone, le famiglie ed i contesti di vita e non solo le menomazioni e gli handicaps, nell’articolo l’autrice ripercorre l’evoluzione culturale oltre che concettuale del modo di porsi nei confronti della disabilita. Vengono riportate le tappe fondamentali a partire dal 1970, dai concetti di handicap (inteso come malattia) e di inserimento scolastico, all’attuale concetto di "funzionamento" dell’individuo in relazione ai contesti nei quali e inserito (contesto familiare, sociale, scolastico, lavorativo etc.), e di inclusione.
|
2022-02-08T19:57:46.828Z
|
24,070,534 |
{
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"DOI": "10.5301/EJO.2008.5218",
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}
|
PURPOSE
To investigate long-term anatomic and functional results of extended silicone oil (SO) tamponade in primary vitrectomy for patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and complex retinal detachment (RD).
METHODS
From January 1999 to June 2005, clinical records of consecutive patients with PDR who underwent primary vitrectomy with extended SO tamponade for complex RD were retrospectively reviewed. Main outcome measures included anatomic outcome, functional outcome, and postoperative complications. Statistical analyses were used to determine factors affecting anatomic and functional outcomes and to evaluate the potential adverse effects on vision from long-term oil tamponade.
RESULTS
Fifty-four eyes of 45 patients (18 male and 27 female) were included in this series. All patients underwent follow-up >/= 12 months (28.2+/-15.1 months; range: 12 to 69 months). Anatomic success was achieved in 85.2% at the third month postoperatively and 83.3% at last followup. Breaks with adjacent unreleased traction was identified as the only variable associated with final anatomic success (OR=0.173, p=0.024). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved or remained unchanged in 89% at the third month postoperatively and in 78% at last follow-up. Ambulatory vision was achieved in 41% at the third month postoperative and 44% at last follow-up. Preoperative BCVA was identified as the only variable statistically associated with final BCVA (p<0.001) (multivariate analysis). The change of BCVA from the third month to last follow-up has no correlation with follow-up duration in the 45 eyes with final anatomic success (Pearson correlation coefficient = -0.022, p=0.888). Postoperative complications included peri-silicone oil proliferation in 4 eyes, neovascular glaucoma in 4 eyes, oil migration into anterior chamber in 9 eyes, and pupillary-block induced IOP elevation in 5 eyes.
CONCLUSIONS
Prolonged SO tamponade may provide anatomic success and functional stability after primary diabetic vitrectomy. Significant complications compromising visual prognosis were uncommon with prolonged SO tamponade.
|
2022-02-12T18:55:17.778Z
|
128,891,836 |
{
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"DOI": "10.4267/2042/26898",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03379877/document"
}
|
Récemment nous avions connaissance d'une lettre adressée à M. le Ministre de l'Agriculture et demandant la suite donnée à une correspondance... de septembre 1917 concernant l'expérimentation en France de l'Erable à sucre. La patience, justifiée en matière forestière, de ce vénérable correspondant nous a fait rouvrir le dossier de l'arbre national du Canada auquel s'intéressent périodiquement quelques personnes, soit lorsque la situation internationale fait craindre un rationnement du sucre, soit lorsqu'il est, du fait des événements, devenu très rare. C'est ainsi que, quelques années après la fin de la guerre de 191418, un placeau fut installé à Γ Arboretum des Barres et qu'en 194144 nous avons étudié sa production de sève sucrée.
|
2022-08-26T13:54:04.143Z
|
55,859,256 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1111/nrm.12069",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1033&context=sagestep_articles"
}
|
A theoretically based analytic model of plant growth in single species conifer communities based on the species fully occupying a site and fully using the site resources is introduced. Model derivations result in a single equation simultaneously describes changes over both, different site conditions (or resources available), and over time for each variable for each species. Leaf area or biomass, or a related plant community measurement, such as site class, can be used as an indicator of available site resources. Relationships over time (years) are determined by the interaction between a stable foliage biomass in balance with site resources, and by the increase in the total heterotrophic biomass of the stand with increasing tree size. This structurally based, analytic model describes the relationships between plant growth and each species’ functional depth for foliage, its mature crown size, and stand dynamics, including the self‐thinning. Stand table data for seven conifer species are used for verification of the model. Results closely duplicate those data for each variable and species. Assumptions used provide a basis for interpreting variations within and between the species. Better understanding of the relationships between the MacArthur consumer resource model, the Chapman–Richards growth functions, the metabolic theory of ecology, and stand development resulted.
|
2022-09-02T05:00:51.887Z
|
128,635,298 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/arp.1467",
"MAG": "2115252049",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Today, most surveys in archaeogeophysical prospection use magnetic properties to detect archaeological features. Such magnetic surveys are usually conducted with magnetometers and, to a lesser extent, with magnetic susceptibility meters and electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensors. Although the latter are the only instruments that allow mapping multiple physical soil properties simultaneously, EMI remains the odd‐one‐out in archaeogeophysical prospection. Nevertheless, by simultaneously recording the electric and magnetic soil variability, EMI survey can be beneficial in early archaeological evaluation stages, because detailed pedological and archaeological information is gathered at the same time. Furthermore, by using multi‐receiver EMI instruments vertical soil variation also can be integrated into the survey. However, although the potential of EMI for mapping electric soil variations is well known from advances in soil science, magnetic susceptibility measurements have been investigated less. Here we show the potential of a multi‐receiver EMI survey to detect weak magnetic anomalies by measuring the apparent magnetic susceptibility (κa) of multiple soil volumes at a test site. The shallow κa data were compared with topsoil susceptibility measurements using a magnetic susceptibility loop sensor survey, and with magnetic susceptibility profiling using a probe sensor for evaluating the deeper κa‐data. Further comparisons were made between these datasets and aerial photography and field walking data. We found that the multiple EMI κa measurements allowed for a straightforward discrimination of the natural and anthropogenic magnetic variations of shallow and deeper soil volumes, and allowed visualizing weak magnetic anomalies. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
|
2022-09-08T12:38:24.568Z
|
62,133,289 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/SIPNN.1994.344966",
"MAG": "2116772890",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Presents a new image analysis technique for edge detection using multistage predictive coding (MPC). MPC is a progressive data compression technique which decomposes an image into a set of image components in multiple stages from which the original image can be recovered. The proposed coding scheme to implement MPC is multistage delta modulation (MDM) which includes a multistage quantizer for image decomposition and a priority code for image reconstruction. The utilization of the multistage quantizer is to decompose an image into multiple stages progressively in accordance with the significance of the image description. The task of the priority code is to prioritize all stages generated by the multistage quantizer; the lower the stage, the higher the priority. Using the priority code enables to extract features from the most significant edges to the least important details based on decreasing priorities. The experimental results are very encouraging and show that MDM is indeed a promising edge detection and feature extraction technique for real-time processing.<<ETX>>
|
2022-09-14T15:35:52.205Z
|
20,003,886 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/JNCI/56.6.1211",
"MAG": "1947757738",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Secondary cell-mediated cytotoxicity generated in vivo against a syngeneic Gross virus-induced lymphoma [(C58NT)D] in WF rats was detected by the 4-hour 51Cr release assay. At 30 days or more following primary tumor cell inoculation, after the tumors had regressed, lymphoid cells had little or no detectable direct cytotoxic reactivity. At rechallenge with tumor cells, high levels of cytotoxicity were detected in the peritoneal exudate, peripheral blood, mesenteric lymph node, and spleen cells. The secondary cellular immune response after challenge developed earlier, reached higher levels, and lasted longer than the primary immune response. The secondary cytotoxic reactivity was shown to be immunologically specific by the use of various tumor cells both as target and inhibitor cells. Treatment of immune spleen cells with specific antiserum to rat T-cells and complement abolished their cytotoxic reactivity, whereas removal of complement receptor-bearing cells or phagocytic cells did not reduct the cytotoxicity. These data demonstrated that specific-memory T-cells persisted for long periods in the lymphoid organs of immune rats and could rapidly become cytotoxic from rechallenge with the tumor.
|
2022-09-15T07:16:28.394Z
|
158,954,597 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2139/ssrn.3524547",
"MAG": "2760921000",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to describe an organizational change effort that the College of Business Administration at a Midwestern university undertook to transform assurance of learning (AoL) from an inefficient process focused on responding to accreditors to the one that embraced continuous improvement focused on student learning. Design/methodology/approach - A case study approach was employed along with the analysis of historical documents, interviews with stakeholders in the college, and a review from an external expert to reveal root problematic causes behind the current state of AoL in the college. Lewin’s model of planned change was applied at the beginning of the process to identify the ways to unfreeze the current state of assessment, implement changes, and refreeze by identifying rewards and incentives for faculty to institutionalize the new assessment culture of student learning. Findings - Four root problematic areas were revealed behind the current state of AoL in the college: faculty resistance and lack of engagement, structural and communication challenges, inconsistency across degree programs, and misalignment of the college vision and mission with program learning goals. Improved communication and coordination between assessment groups and increasing faculty ownership were identified as the key factors for a successful AoL process. Practical implications - Colleges looking to improve coordination of AoL activities and increase faculty engagement in the AoL process can implement many of the initiatives described in this study. Originality/value - This case study takes into account new trends in the area of assessment and AoL and addresses common problems that colleges face regarding accreditation in an area where empirical studies do not exist.
|
2022-11-11T08:06:54.489Z
|
41,348,490 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/SU9030389",
"MAG": "2594926582",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
To date, little research has been conducted on the phenotypic responses of proso millet to drought and deficit irrigation treatments in the dryland wheat-based cropping systems of the Palouse bioregion of the U.S. The objectives of this study were to evaluate critical agronomic traits of proso millet, including emergence, plant height, days to heading, days to maturity, and grain yield, with and without supplemental irrigation. Twenty diverse proso millet accessions, originating from Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Morocco, the former Soviet Union, Turkey, and the United States, were grown in irrigated and non-irrigated treatments under organic conditions in Pullman, WA, from 2012 to 2014. Irrigation was shown to significantly improve emergence and increase plant height at stem extension and to hasten ripening of all the varieties, whereas heading date was not affected by irrigation in two of the three years tested. Irrigation resulted in higher mean seed yield across all varieties, with ‘GR 665’ and ‘Earlybird’ performing best under irrigation. Seed yield was highest in ‘GR 658’ and ‘Minsum’ in the non-irrigated treatment, suggesting the importance of identification and utilization of varieties adapted to low rainfall conditions. The highest yielding varieties in irrigated systems are unlikely be the highest yielding in dryland systems. Our results suggest that millet has potential as a regionally novel crop for inclusion in traditional dryland cropping rotations in the Palouse ecosystem, thereby contributing to increased cropping system diversity.
|
2022-12-02T11:28:49.898Z
|
213,682,333 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/cjlj.2019.34",
"MAG": "3123905084",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Atrocities are often unprecedented and identifying them therefore may require moral and political judgement, not only the application of legal rules. Consequently, potential defendants charged for perpetrating them may be genuinely unable to recognize the law that prohibits their criminal activity. Starting from its classical treatment in Hannah Arendt’s Eichmann in Jerusalem, this problem has perplexed scholars who have noted the seemingly normal character of defendants in mass atrocity cases. In disagreement with other scholars in the area, I argue for a recognition of a “mistake of law”? defense in international criminal law. The Article demonstrates the stakes of the claim through three hypothetical international criminal cases with different political underpinnings, all pertaining to burning contemporary concerns: cases against individuals responsible for the enormous risks of climate change; against abusers of migrants in the context of border enforcement; and against individuals responsible for the termination of pregnancies in abortion clinics. I argue for a dual approach: on the one hand, prosecutors and judges must constantly leave open the possibility of a radical departure from extant doctrine and precedent in charging individuals. On the other, they must recognize that defendants may reasonably not be able to recognize the law qua law, especially when such departures occur. The internal tension between these two imperatives sheds light on the predicament of international criminal adjudication. A recognition of the proposed mistake of law defense is but a modest doctrinal solution for a much more fundamental perplexity of the discipline. Yet it is especially crucial today, with an ever-clearer normative divergence among actors in the “international community.”?
|
2022-12-19T00:53:21.912Z
|
240,515,563 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5281/ZENODO.5525171",
"MAG": "3199417270",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
O tema deste artigo e a eficacia do Estatuto do Desarmamento no combate a violencia no Brasil. Investigou-se o seguinte problema: “Quais as implicacoes do Estatuto do Desarmamento no contexto da seguranca publica brasileira?”. Cogitou-se a seguinte hipotese “o Estatuto do Desarmamento e ineficaz no que diz respeito ao seu designio”. O objetivo geral e “analisar as implicacoes do Estatuto do Desarmamento e a sua real eficacia no contexto da seguranca publica brasileira”. Os objetivos especificos sao: “verificar a eficacia do Estatuto do Desarmamento no que diz respeito a reducao dos homicidios por arma de fogo”; “observar a relacao entre a sua vigencia e os indices de criminalidade de forma geral”; “investigar a eficacia do Estatuto do Desarmamento para a seguranca no Brasil e no combate ao cenario de violencia no pais”. Este trabalho e importante para um operador do Direito devido a necessidade de se atentar ao funcionamento pratico da Constituicao Federal e a normas do Estado que restringem direitos constitucionais; para a ciencia, e relevante por investigar e compreender a criminalidade no Brasil do ponto de vista cientifico; agrega a sociedade pelo fato de a seguranca publica ter se mostrado falha para a populacao no cenario brasileira. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa teorica com duracao de seis meses.
|
2022-01-27T02:29:32.465Z
|
119,625,665 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/PAMM.200910167",
"MAG": "1987940409",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this paper, a ternary macroscopic model has been presented with respect to the simulation of freeze‐thaw cycles in liquid filled porous media. Regarding the detection of energetic effects during the phase transition a modified ansatz for the supply term of mass was discussed. The illustrated results of the example show that the simplified model is capable to predict experimental observations. Especially, the influence of the heat of fusion could be realized in an efficient manner. (© 2009 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
|
2022-03-27T11:19:57.268Z
|
157,163,763 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/09386491.2010.11826992",
"MAG": "3005748411",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09386491.2010.11826992?needAccess=true"
}
|
AbstractAlthough the number of homeless persons may have been declining recently, the overall situation of those living on the streets remains difficult. There are currently an estimated total of 16,000 homeless persons in Japan, whose average age rose to 57 years in 2007. Homelessness in Japan affects mostly elderly, single men who either have a background of day labouring in the yoseba [day labourer districts] or have a history as lower-qualified regular workers. Those who are in danger of becoming homeless usually face difficulties in securing their livelihood. This is due to a general lack of job opportunities for older persons, and because the social security system in Japan usually grants aid only to those who are unable to support themselves through work. In addition, older persons in particular feel reluctant to seek public or private aid. For those who are already homeless, both public and private housing institutions offer an alternative to a life on the streets. However, the differences in serv...
|
2022-07-04T21:18:19.930Z
|
30,125,677 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ECS.2015.7124916",
"MAG": "1604602704",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Proper closed loop has been an ever burning issue in many automotive industries. The industrial equipments which are governed by PID controllers have simple control structure and efficiency but still they suffer from large power consumption and slow mathematical computation. Many researchers have tried and are trying to design a low power, delay less PID. This paper reviews three MAC architectures with array, booth and wallace tree multipliers which in turn incorporated in PID architecture. The simulations are done in Modelsim and power results are synthesized using Xilinx ISE. The results suggest that Wallace tree based MAC unit consumes less power and area.
|
2022-08-30T03:42:34.505Z
|
42,554,001 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/00002826-198200051-00007",
"MAG": "2048647684",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Each of the various antiparkinsonian agents plays a role in the management of patients in varying stages of the disease. Newly diagnosed patients rarely require any treatment; those with moderate manifestations may benefit from treatment with either amantadine or with anticholinergic agents. Levodopa therapy is indicated in patients with severe disease or when the patient's livelihood or psychologic well-being is threatened by parkinsonian manifestations. Dyskinesia. dementia, or “on-off” phenomena associated with chronic levodopa therapy may be managed by the use of ergot derivatives, drug holidays, and in special circumstances, stereotactic surgery.
|
2022-09-02T18:52:30.640Z
|
196,469,941 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/J.2205-0140.2012.TB00135.X",
"MAG": "2526927391",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Over the last two decades, ultrasound evaluation of the endometrium and uterine cavity evolved from 2D grayscale evaluation of the endometrial thickness to a much more comprehensive examination including colour imaging, fluid instillation and 3D ultrasound. The International Endometrial Tumor Analysis (IETA) group recently published a consensus opinion paper on terms, definitions and measurements to describe the sonographic features on the endometrium and intrauterine lesions.
|
2022-12-10T13:44:24.201Z
|
73,155,459 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4172/2329-9126.1000133",
"MAG": "2142413252",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Background: Many children are experiencing their parents’ separation and General practitioners (GPs) often have the responsibility to medically follow these young patients. Objectives: The goals were to identify the main difficulties GPs are confronted with when following children of separated (or divorced) parents and to find ways to improve the quality of these children’s continuous medical monitoring. Methods: Eight focus groups of GPs were organized in 2004 in the French-speaking Community of Belgium. Each meeting focused on couples separated for less than three years, with children aged 0 to 15. The debates were analysed with the QSR N5 software. Data saturation was obtained after four focus groups. Results: The viewpoint of GPs is: 1. Divorce affects the working conditions of GPs. 2. Conflicts between the parents cause difficulties for the GP, particularly the fact of being « exploited » by the parents. 3. All GPs do not have the same attitude towards conflicts between the parents; only some of them will try to « manage » the conflicts to improve the child’s situation. 4. Especially in the case of conflicts, parental separation brings a risk for the child: psychological disorders, physical health problems. 5. The professional attitudes of GPs can have a positive influence on the child’s development, including direct child-centred communication with the child. 6. Some actions, such as producing sickness certificates or official reports of neglect, can aggravate these children’s situation, especially in the case of conflicts between the parents. Discussion: Parental separation could be an independent risk factor for the child’s health by inducing some difficulties of tracking in primary care medicine. If this is confirmed, in case of a family breakdown, the GP should adapt the practice of prevention and care, recognizing young patients as most at risk. In order to confirm the possible impact of family status, cohort studies must be conducted either transverse observational targeting unselected paediatric populations of different ages, or even better in prospective research. Given the high prevalence of parental separation in Belgium, the influence of these situations should be measured in terms of public health.
|
2022-12-10T07:18:15.715Z
|
241,601,215 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3389/fimmu.2021.737650",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8600480"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.737650/pdf"
}
|
DNA methylation patterns are essential in understanding carcinogenesis. However, the relationship between DNA methylation and the immune process has not been clearly established—this study aimed at elucidating the interaction between glioma and DNA methylation, consolidating glioma classification and prognosis. A total of 2,483 immune-related genes and 24,556 corresponding immune-related methylation probes were identified. From the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) glioma cohort, a total of 683 methylation samples were stratified into two different clusters using unsupervised clustering, and eight types of other cancer samples from the TCGA database were shown to exhibit excellent distributions. A total of 3,562 differentially methylated probes (DMPs) were selected and used for machine learning. A five-probe signature was established to evaluate the prognosis of glioma as well as the potential benefits of radiotherapy and Procarbazine, CCNU, Vincristine (PCV) treatment. Other prognostic clinical models, such as nomogram and decision tree, were also evaluated. Our findings confirmed the interactions between immune-related methylation patterns and glioma. This novel approach for cancer molecular characterization and prognosis should be validated in further studies.
|
2022-07-01T19:51:30.764Z
|
45,558,108 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1148/84.4.644",
"MAG": "2075650044",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
THE PUMPING capacity of the heart is in a high degree dependent upon the effectiveness of the valves. There is still, however, no practical method by which reliable quantitative data concerning this function can be obtained, although important contributions toward the solution of this problem have been made from several quarters (2, 32,46-48,50). The estimation of the insufficiency component in connection with aortic and mitral lesions has hitherto been made largely with physical diagnostic methods, but above all with the help of cardioangiography. Thus, with an injection of contrast medium in the ascending aorta it is possible to make a rough estimation of the insufficiency component in the aortic valves (4, 31, 43, 44, 50, 61). If at the same time the mitral valve is insufficient, it is sometimes possible to see a part of the contrast fluid regurgitate from the left ventricle to the left atrium. In cases of mitral insufficiency, however, it is as a rule easier to estimate this through injection of contr...
|
2022-09-09T08:41:44.391Z
|
238,529,090 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/bbb/zbab176",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2433/266256/1/bbb_zbab176.pdf"
}
|
The mitochondrial machineries presiding over ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation are promising druggable targets. Fusaramin, a 3-acyl tetramic acid isolated from Fusarium concentricum FKI-7550, is an inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondria, although its target has yet to be identified. Fusaramin significantly interfered with [3H]ADP uptake by yeast mitochondria at the concentration range inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation. A photoreactive fusaramin derivative (pFS-5) specifically labeled voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), which facilitates trafficking of ADP/ATP across the outer mitochondrial membrane. These results strongly suggest that the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation by fusaramin is predominantly attributable to the impairment of VDAC1 functions. Fusaramin also inhibited FoF1-ATP synthase and ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (complex III) at concentrations higher than those required for the VDAC inhibition. Considering that other tetramic acid derivatives are reported to inhibit FoF1-ATP synthase and complex III, natural tetramic acids were found to elicit multiple inhibitory actions against mitochondrial machineries.
|
2022-10-14T00:13:50.554Z
|
134,964,384 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1071/AJ17192",
"MAG": "2806592702",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Enhanced oil recovery by low-salinity waterflooding is considered to have positive results only when polar components exist in oil. This study shows that low-salinity brine can result in incremental recovery for non-polar oil through fines-assisted waterflooding. Despite the traditional view of fines migration that it should be avoided because of its detrimental effect on reservoir permeability, this work shows that permeability decline is a main mechanism in the low-salinity effect on non-polar oil. Laboratory coreflood tests were performed on a clay-rich Berea outcrop core and a clean sand core to investigate the effect of clay migration when the core is saturated with non-polar oil. The results show that fines migration reduces residual saturation by 18%. In addition, a decrease in the water volume production was observed due to the decrease in water relative permeability.
|
2022-11-21T17:07:32.812Z
|
40,444,932 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.17772/GP/1745",
"MAG": "2321567061",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
OBJECTIVES
ABC transporters, P-gp, MDR3, BCRP and MRP1, can bind both endo- and exogenous ligands. The latter include immunosuppressive, anticancer sedative, anticonvulsant, antiparasitic and cardiovascular drugs, as well as HIV protease inhibitors and antibiotics. Protein transporters are also involved in tissue distribution of orally administered medicines in combination therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and could be used during GDM treatment. The distribution depends on transporter specificity its expression and subcellular localization.
THE AIM
The aim of the study was to compare P-gp, MDR3, BCRP and MRP1 localization in placental tissues from normal and GDM diabetic pregnancies.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Tissue samples were taken from 10 normal and 10 GDM placentas. Immunohistochemical reactions were performed with the use of adequate monoclonal antibodies. Avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method was used for the visualization of antigen-antibody complexes.
RESULTS
P-gp, MDR3 and BCRP were found in all parts of normal human placenta i.e. the amniotic epithelium, cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast and decidual cells. P-gp and BCRP, but not MDR3 and MRP1, were also localized on the endothelial cells of fetal blood vessels in the chorionic plate, as well as stem and tertiary villi. MRP1 expression was observed in the cytotrophoblast and the syncytiotrophoblast. Its expression was very low or undetectable in the amniotic epithelium and the majority of decidual cells. Immunohistochemical reactions within the syncytiotrophoblast showed apical (P-gp, BCRP), apical and basal (MRP1) or diffuse (MDR3) distribution. The main changes observed in GDM placentas included weaker MRP1 and MDR3 positive reactions in the syncytiotrophoblast, slightly lower expression of P-gp in the decidual and amniotic epithelial cells, and MDR3 in the amniotic epithelium.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results indicate that GDM-related changes in the environment of placental cells do not substantially influence tissue and subcellular location of ABC transporters. Nevertheless, the expression of P-gp, MDR3 and MRP1 may be lower in comparison to normal placentas. Basal syncytiotrophoblast transporters, MRP1 and MDR3, seem to be more sensitive to the influence of GDM than apical proteins, what may result in altered biodisposition of endogenous substrates and drugs.
|
2022-12-13T06:06:27.457Z
|
207,938,349 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/nano9111526",
"MAG": "2982030655",
"PubMedCentral": "6915670"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/9/11/1526/pdf?version=1572076544"
}
|
This study demonstrated the processability of sulfur copolymers (SDIB) into polymer blend with polybenzoxazines (PBz) and their compatibility with the electrospinning process. Synthesis of SDIB was conducted via inverse vulcanization using elemental sulfur (S8). Polymer blends produced by simply mixing with varying concentration of SDIB (5 and 10 wt%) and fixed concentration of PBz (10 wt%) exhibited homogeneity and a single-phase structure capable of forming nanofibers. Nanofiber mats were characterized to determine the blending effect on the microstructure and final properties. Fiber diameter increased and exhibited non-uniform, broader fiber diameter distribution with increased SDIB. Microstructures of mats based on SEM images showed the occurrence of partial aggregation and conglutination with each fiber. Incorporation of SDIB were confirmed from EDX which was in agreement with the amount of SDIB relative to the sulfur peak in the spectra. Spectroscopy further confirmed that SDIB did not affect the chemistry of PBz but the presence of special interaction benefited miscibility. Two distinct glass transition temperatures of 97 °C and 280 °C indicated that new material was produced from the blend while the water contact angle of the fibers was reduced from 130° to 82° which became quite hydrophilic. Blending of SDIB with component polymer proved that its processability can be further explored for optimal spinnability of nanofibers for desired applications.
|
2022-12-17T22:00:03.139Z
|
42,495,631 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/thx.42.7.516",
"MAG": "2102970141",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://thorax.bmj.com/content/42/7/516.full.pdf"
}
|
Traumatic lung pseudocyst is an uncommon lung injury due to closed chest trauma. Four cases are reported; all were male and one was a child. Three cases showed spontaneous resolution of the pseudocyst and in one case, where resolution was slow, lobectomy was carried out at the patient's insistence. Diagnosis poses no serious problems as there is inevitably a history of substantial chest trauma. The chest radiograph shows a characteristic cavitatory lesion. The pseudocysts may be multiple. Tomography may be helpful in diagnosis and computed tomography can be particularly useful in the demonstration of paramediastinal traumatic pseudocysts.
|
2022-12-20T07:01:41.331Z
|
2,188,406 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TBME.2014.2307481",
"MAG": "2005232478",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The major aim of our study is to demonstrate that a concerted combination of time-variant, frequency-selective, linear and nonlinear analysis approaches can be beneficially used for the analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) in epileptic patients to reveal premonitory information regarding an imminent seizure and to provide more information on the mechanisms leading to changes of the autonomic nervous system. The quest is to demonstrate that the combined approach gains new insights into specific short-term patterns in HRV during preictal, ictal, and postictal periods in epileptic children. The continuous Morlet-wavelet transform was used to explore the time-frequency characteristics of the HRV using spectrogram, phase-locking, band-power and quadratic phase coupling analyses. These results are completed by time-variant characteristics derived from a signal-adaptive approach. Advanced empirical mode decomposition was utilized to separate out certain HRV components, in particular blood-pressure-related Mayer waves (≈0.1 Hz) and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (≈0.3 Hz). Their time-variant nonlinear predictability was analyzed using local estimations of the largest Lyapunov exponent (point prediction error). Approximately 80-100 s before the seizure onset timing and coordination of both HRV components can be observed. A higher degree of synchronization is found and with it a higher predictability of the HRV. All investigated linear and nonlinear analyses contribute with a specific importance to these results.
|
2022-12-21T03:12:15.446Z
|
97,855,372 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1039/B303882C",
"MAG": "2066421834",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The crystal structure of an ionic entity formulated {[LMn(H2O)2]2[Gd(NO3)5(MeOH)]} resulting from the reaction of a manganese(III) Schiff-base complex (H2L = 1,3-bis((3-methoxysalicylidene)amino)-2,2′-dimethylpropane) with Gd(NO3)3·5H2O has been determined. The manganese(III) ion exhibits an octahedral geometry where the basal plane involves the N2O2 inner donor set of the Schiff base and the apical positions are occupied by the water oxygen atoms. The gadolinium(III) ion is ten-coordinate to four bidentate nitrate groups, one monodentate nitrate group and one methanol oxygen atom. As expected from the structural data, the magnetic study confirms the absence of Mn⋯Mn and Mn⋯Gd interactions. Indeed the metal ions are separated by large distances without any material support between them. The MnIII ZFS, which is the only active parameter, has to be taken into account to fit the experimental data at low temperature (D
=
−4.58 cm−1). The negative sign is in agreement with the tetragonal elongation of the manganese environment.
|
2022-12-20T01:42:47.997Z
|
17,850,967 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "astro-ph/0308036",
"DOI": "10.1051/0004-6361:20031146",
"MAG": "2148139731",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2003/38/aah4592.pdf"
}
|
We tabulate the luminosities of the soft-to-hard state transitions of all X-ray binaries for which there exist good X-ray flux measurements at the time of the transition, good distance estimates, and good mass estimates for the compact star. We show that the state transition luminosities are at about 1-4% of the Eddington rate, markedly smaller than those typically quoted in the literature, with a mean value of 2%. Only the black hole candidate GRO J 1655-40 and the neutron star systems Aql X-1 and 4U 1728-34 have measured state transition luminosities inconsistent with this value at the 1σ level. GRO J 1655-40, in particular, shows a state transition luminosity below the mean value for the other sources at the 4σ level. This result, combined with the known inner disk inclination angle (the disk is nearly parallel to the line of sight) from GRO J 1655-40's relativistic jets suggest that the hard X-ray emitting region in GRO J 1655-40 can have a velocity of no more than about β = 0.68, with a most likely value of about β = 0.52, and a minimum speed of β = 0.45, assuming that the variations in state transition luminosities are solely due to relativistic beaming effects. The variance in the state transition luminosities suggests an emission region with a velocity of ∼0.2c. The results are discussed in terms of different emission models for the low/hard state. We also discuss the implications for measuring the dimensionless viscosity parameter α. We also find that if its state transitions occur at typical luminosities, then GX 339-4 is likely to be at a distance of at least 7.6 kpc, much further than typically quoted estimates.
|
2022-12-26T22:06:37.422Z
|
25,456,295 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1128/MCB.19.12.7972",
"MAG": "2134381580",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ABSTRACT Early embryonic development in Xenopus laevis is characterized by transcriptional repression which is relieved at the midblastula stage (MBT). Here we show that the relative abundance of TATA-binding protein (TBP) increases robustly at the MBT and that the mechanism underlying this increase is translation of maternally stored TBP RNA. We show that TBP is rate-limiting in egg extract under conditions that titrate nucleosome assembly. Precocious translation of TBP mRNA in Xenopus embryos facilitates transcription before the MBT, without requiring TBP to be prebound to the promoter before injection. This effect is transient in the absence of chromatin titration and is sustained when chromatin is titrated. These data show that translational regulation of TBP RNA contributes to limitations on the transcriptional capacity before the MBT. Second, we examined the ability of trans-acting factors to contribute to promoter activity before the MBT. Deletion of cis-acting elements does not affect histone H2B transcription in egg extract, a finding indicative of limited trans-activation. Moreover, in the context of the intact promoter, neither the transcriptional activator Oct-1, nor TBP, nor TFIID enable transcriptional activation in vitro. HeLa cell extract, however, reconstitutes activated transcription in mixed extracts. These data suggest a deficiency in egg extract cofactors required for activated transcription. We show that the capacity for activated H2B transcription is gradually acquired at the early gastrula transition. This transition occurs well after the blastula stage when the basal transcription machinery can first be complemented with TBP.
|
2022-12-30T18:39:23.661Z
|
247,707,809 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/03009480701781618",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Leal, S., Melvin, T. M., Grabner, M., Wimmer, R. & Briffa, K. R. 2007 (October): Tree-ring growth variability in the Austrian Alps: the influence of site, altitude, tree species and climate. Boreas, Vol. 36, pp. 426 440. Oslo. ISSN 0300-9483. An incorrect version of Figure 1 of the above article was published online on 26 April 2007 and in this issue (p. 427). The correct version of the figure is printed below. The authors would like to apologize for this error.
|
2022-03-27T14:54:13.458Z
|
248,620,730 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.34012/jumkep.v5i1.963",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "http://jurnal.unprimdn.ac.id/index.php/jumkep/article/download/963/40"
}
|
Elderly people are prone to risk falling due to morphological changes in muscles, causing muscle functional changes. Elderly residing in the working area of Puskesmas Medan Sunggal at risk of falling can be influenced by intrinsic factors, namely the history of the disease and extrinsic factors such as the condition of the home environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of intrinsic and extrinsic factors with the risk of falling elderly in the working area of Puskesmas Medan Sunggal. This type of analytic research with cross sectional approach. The population is all elderly aged ≥60 years 143 people and and the sample is 60 people. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. Data were analyzed with the Spearman correlation test. The results showed intrinsic factors so that the elderly avoid the risk of falling are categorized as good (38.5%) and extrinsic factors are sufficient category (53.3%) and low risk of elderly falls (40%). The statistical results show that there is a relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic factors with the risk of falling elderly with a strong enough relationship, that is r = 0.483; r = 0.404 (Strong enough) and p values of 0.000 <0.05 and 0.001 <0.05. It can be concluded that relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic factors with the risk of falling elderly so that nurses provide education to the elderly and family about environmental conditions or a healthy and safe home page, the elderly's daily activities and maintaining and health care related to generative diseases
|
2022-05-14T17:02:39.603Z
|
45,741,910 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/PAC.1991.165113",
"MAG": "2095899207",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Using the new method of beam accumulation by stacking with electron cooling, intensities were enhanced by factors of several thousands compared with single-turn injection. With electron cooler stacking a current of 18 mA (3*10/sup 10/ particles) for /sup 12/C ions (E=73.3 MeV) was achieved.<<ETX>>
|
2022-07-28T19:44:10.358Z
|
18,375,877 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1142/S0129054104002807",
"MAG": "2106919500",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The subtree transfer (STT) distance is one of the distance metric for comparing phylogenies. Previous work on computing the STT distance considered degree-3 trees only. In this paper, we give an approximation algorithm for the STT distance for degree-d trees with arbitrary d and with generalized STT operations. Also, some NP-hardness results related to STT distance are presented.
|
2022-09-09T21:42:36.889Z
|
10,477,714 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/10934520903540174",
"MAG": "2048433842",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this study, hydroquinone was removed from water by electrocoagulation using flow electrolyzer in mono polar and bipolar configurations in a batch recirculation mode of operation. Treatment performances of such effluents have been evaluated in terms of chemical oxygen demand removal. The effect of important operating parameters such as current density, flow rate, concentration of hydroquinone and supporting electrolyte on the pollutant removal and energy consumption is critically evaluated. The experimental data were analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM). Maximum COD removal in monopolar configuration of 80.95% was noticed at condition of supporting electrolyte concentration 2.67 g L−1, flow rate 27 mL min−1, current density 0.7 A dm−2 at energy consumption of 2.36 kWh per kg of COD for the 1000 mg L−1 of hydroquinone concentration. In the case of bipolar configuration a maximum COD removal of 87.13 was noticed at: supporting electrolyte concentration 4 g L−1, flow rate 29.15 mL min−1, current density 1 Adm−2 at energy consumption of 8.495 kWh per kg of COD for the same hydroquinone concentration.
|
2022-12-03T03:23:34.761Z
|
231,759,241 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1172/jci.insight.145662",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8021120"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "http://insight.jci.org/articles/view/145662/files/pdf"
}
|
Limitations of checkpoint inhibitor cancer immunotherapy include induction of autoimmune syndromes and resistance of many cancers. Since CD318, a novel CD6 ligand, is associated with the aggressiveness and metastatic potential of human cancers, we tested the effect of an anti-CD6 monoclonal antibody, UMCD6, on killing of cancer cells by human lymphocytes. UMCD6 augmented killing of breast, lung, and prostate cancer cells through direct effects on both CD8+ T cells and NK cells, increasing cancer cell death and lowering cancer cell survival in vitro more robustly than monoclonal antibody checkpoint inhibitors that interrupt the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis. UMCD6 also augmented in vivo killing by human peripheral blood lymphocytes of a human breast cancer line xenotransplanted into immunodeficient mice. Mechanistically, UMCD6 upregulated the expression of the activating receptor NKG2D and downregulated expression of the inhibitory receptor NKG2A on both NK cells and CD8+ T cells, with concurrent increases in perforin and granzyme B production. The combined capability of an anti-CD6 monoclonal antibody to control autoimmunity through effects on CD4+ lymphocyte differentiation while enhancing killing of cancer cells through distinct effects on CD8+ and NK cells opens a potential new approach to cancer immunotherapy that would suppress rather than instigate autoimmunity.
|
2022-11-24T18:15:32.567Z
|
219,386,621 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2139/ssrn.2740745",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
I examine the effect of firms' restructuring announcements on the investment decisions of their rivals. I show that restructuring news that signal an improvement in the competitive position of UK manufacturing sites are associated with a 6% increase in local competitors' capital investment and I demonstrate that this effect is driven by the low debt competitors. Focusing on the announcing firms' local competitors (firms in the same industry and region) and employing a difference-in-differences methodology allows me to disentangle firms' reactions to the news from potential reactions to aggregate industry or macroeconomic changes. Those findings are consistent with the hypothesis that firms react to the competitive threat from the announcing firm by adjusting their physical capital. Several robustness tests, including a placebo test, suggest our results are not driven by confounding factors.
|
2022-12-14T02:58:58.654Z
|
24,977,578 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/JMV.20264",
"MAG": "1977434458",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Eradication of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection depends upon a broad‐based cellular immune response. Genetic immunization stimulates such a response, but the resultant activity is generally weak. Type 1 interferons (IFNs), which are known for their direct anti‐viral and anti‐proliferative properties, possess vigorous immunomodulatory properties. The aim of this study was to assess the capacity of IFN‐α to augment the cellular immune response to DNA vaccination against HCV core protein. Three types of IFN‐α were investigated: the non‐species‐specific hybrid IFN A/D, human pegylated IFN‐α, and a plasmid that expressed murine IFN‐α. Low doses of hIFN‐A/D and hPegIFN‐α augmented three to fourfold the cellular immune response to DNA‐based vaccination, determined in conventional CTL assays, as well as in an in vivo tumor challenge model. Importantly, augmentation occurred within a narrow concentration range; a further increase in IFN dosage suppressed the CTL response significantly. Humoral immunity showed a very similar pattern of augmentation. These findings demonstrate that the immunomodulatory properties of IFN‐α can be exploited to augment DNA based immunization, but it is important to consider the effects of dose on both cellular and humoral immune response for optimal augmentation. J. Med. Virol. 75:249–257, 2005. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
|
2022-12-18T22:59:53.503Z
|
13,897,939 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/ecam/neh060",
"MAG": "2109625220",
"PubMedCentral": "1062153"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2005/759396.pdf"
}
|
Propolis is a hive product containing chiefly beeswax and plant-derived substances such as resin and volatile compounds. Propolis has been used as an antiseptic and wound healer since ancient times and interest for the product has increased recently. Probably few plant species contribute as major resin sources. Green propolis derives mainly from vegetative apices of Baccharis dracunculifolia (alecrim plants). However, wide variation detected in the chemical composition suggests contributions from alternative resin plant sources. Predominant components of the resin of green propolis are cinnamic acids, chiefly compounds bearing prenyl groups. Terpenoid compounds, such as sesqui, di and pentacyclic triterpenoids, have been detected in many, but not all, samples investigated. Propolis research has uncovered potentialities of substances previously isolated from plants and has detected constituents of plant origin that would hardly be known otherwise.
|
2022-12-21T17:49:46.262Z
|
25,376,074 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1098/RSTB.1994.0054",
"MAG": "2148823819",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Molecular phylogenies can be used to reject null models of the way we think evolution occurred, including patterns of lineage extinction. They can also be used to provide maximum likelihood estimates of parameters associated with lineage birth and death rates. We illustrate: (i) how molecular phylogenies provide information about the extent to which particular clades are likely to be under threat from extinction; (ii) how cursory analyses of molecular phylogenies can lead to incorrect conclusions about the evolutionary processes that have been at work; and (iii) how different evolutionary processes leave distinctive marks on the structure of reconstructed phylogenies.
|
2023-01-01T16:54:16.070Z
|
145,082,037 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1590/S0104-59702004000300003",
"MAG": "2137725185",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The article examines the genesis of the medical education model proposed by A. Flexner in the United States and compares it with Antonio da Silva Mello's 1930s proposal to apply the German university model to Brazilian medical teaching. The heart of these medical reforms - which sought to introduce the teaching of biomedicine and to boost the esteem of the scientific career-did not depend solely on these two reformers' perfect understanding of the bases of the new model. Each rhetoric expressed a political arrangement wherein any expectations for change in the consolidated educational system depended upon its power structure and upon traditional career expectations.
|
2023-01-01T18:29:12.116Z
|
6,023,185 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/BMJ.1.6162.554-A",
"MAG": "2054517680",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
patients, associated with any evidence of drug-induced lupus. It is possible therefore that extension of Dr Marshall's investigation to larger numbers of patients, with appropriate age-matched controls, could result in conclusions different from those reported. However, their finding that all prazosin-related ANF patterns were of the speckled variety is very unusual. When ANF did occur in patients on prazosin in our study it was not restricted to this morphological pattern. This suggests that there may be some unusual factors influencing results in Dr Marshall's patients. The full data from which this summary is drawn will be presented elsewhere.
|
2022-07-09T12:23:29.541Z
|
245,586,203 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.33263/lianbs114.41614177",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.33263/lianbs114.41614177"
}
|
Consumers are increasingly aware of the consumption of natural health products. Husk Tomato fruit is a remarkable fruit in a modern survey. Therefore, this study aims to produce novel stirred probiotic yogurt (SPY) fortified with Husk Tomato Juice (HTJ). Chemical, microbiological, toxins, color, and viscosity characteristics for the new product were evaluated. Vitamins A, B1, B2, C, amino acid profile, and the effect of HTJ or SPY on the growth of some pathogens were assessed. Vitamin A and β-carotene for fresh stirred probiotic yogurt were also analyzed. On the other side, the control sample (with no fortification) and four treatments of SPY were produced with different ratios of Husk Tomato Juice T1, T2, T3, and T4 with (20, 30, 40, and 50% V/V) respectively. Apparent viscosity, color parameters, and pH values of fermented beverage samples were estimated. Data revealed that the juice had a considerable vitamin C ratio, representing about 32-38% of the recommended daily use. On the same line, Lysine, Leucine, Valine, Threonine, Tryptophan, and Isoleucine were the main essential amino acids in the juice. Also, the HTJ possessed diverse degrees of inhibition opposite to grow of some pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The counts of starter cultures of yogurt and Lb. casei as the probiotic strain increased during the storage period until 10 days, especially in T1, T2, and T3. The viable counts of pathogenic strains in the contaminated treatments decreased during storage periods compared with control. Furthermore, treatment samples had significantly lower L values and higher a & b values due to the orange color of the high ratio of β-carotene in HTJ compared to control samples. A healthy probiotic fruity beverage had been successfully produced. It has appropriate amounts of important vitamins.
|
2022-08-09T15:17:50.005Z
|
251,265,412 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/ma15155277",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "9369922"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/15/5277/pdf?version=1660188876"
}
|
Two different mid-infrared (mid-IR) solid-state crystalline laser active media of Cr2+, Fe2+:Zn1−xMnxSe and Cr2+, Fe2+:Zn1−xMgxSe with similar amounts of manganese or magnesium ions of x ≈ 0.3 were investigated at cryogenic temperatures for three different excitation wavelengths: Q-switched Er:YLF laser at the wavelength of 1.73 μm, Q-switched Er:YAG laser at 2.94 μm, and the gain-switched Fe:ZnSe laser operated at a liquid nitrogen temperature of 78 K at ∼4.05 μm. The temperature dependence of spectral and laser characteristics was measured. Depending on the excitation wavelength and the selected output coupler, both laser systems were able to generate radiation by Cr2+ or by Fe2+ ions under direct excitation or indirectly by the Cr2+→ Fe2+ energy transfer mechanism. Laser generation of Fe2+ ions in Cr2+, Fe2+:Zn1−xMnxSe and Cr2+, Fe2+:Zn1−xMgxSe (x ≈ 0.3) crystals at the wavelengths of ∼4.4 and ∼4.8 μm at a temperature of 78 K was achieved, respectively. The excitation of Fe2+ ions in both samples by direct 2.94 μm as well as ∼4.05 μm radiation or indirectly via the Cr2+→ Fe2+ ions’ energy transfer-based mechanism by 1.73 μm radiation was demonstrated. Based on the obtained results, the possibility of developing novel coherent laser systems in mid-IR regions (∼2.3–2.5 and ∼4.4–4.9 μm) based on AIIBVI matrices was presented.
|
2022-09-09T05:39:15.325Z
|
1,962,471 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1001/archotol.1978.00790050052012",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Twenty ethmoidal mucoceles were treated and observed for a minimum of two years after surgery. Unilateral exophthalmos was the initial complaint in all cases and nasal polyposis was a noteworthy finding in more than half of the patients. The lesions always extended into the orbit and usually eroded the floor of the frontal sinus. Exenteration through an ethmoidectomy approach was successful in 16 cases. Failure was due to recurrence of the mucocele in one case and in three cases to uncontrolled polypoid disease that produced recurrence of the exophthalmos. Long-term follow-up is mandatory since recurrences may take several years to occur.
|
2022-10-14T06:07:54.719Z
|
8,918,614 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1086/368039",
"MAG": "2002424580",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://academic.oup.com/jid/article-pdf/187/Supplement_1/S246/5955523/187-Supplement_1-S246.pdf"
}
|
By the 1990s, an immunization program in the western Pacific had dramatically reduced measles morbidity and mortality. Building on the region's successful elimination of polio, several countries and areas achieved or are close to measles elimination, thus showing the potential for global eradication. The diverse challenges for measles control in different parts of the region have produced lessons that will help with future control, including the need for surveillance of sufficient standard to guide and monitor progress. A group of experts recognized both the potential and the challenges of the measles immunization program and proposed regional elimination as the appropriate disease control target for the region. No date was recommended for its achievement. If progress continues at the present rate, the western Pacific region should soon be able to set a target date for measles elimination.
|
2022-12-14T22:40:28.774Z
|
26,144,113 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "1108.3187",
"DOI": "10.1214/10-AOAS396",
"MAG": "2064603653",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We develop a new statistical method for estimating functional connectivity between neurophysiological signals represented by a multivariate time series. We use partial coherence as the measure of functional connectivity. Partial coherence identifies the frequency bands that drive the direct linear association between any pair of channels. To estimate partial coherence, one would first need an estimate of the spectral density matrix of the multivariate time series. Parametric estimators of the spectral density matrix provide good frequency resolution but could be sensitive when the parametric model is misspecified. Smoothing-based nonparametric estimators are robust to model misspecification and are consistent but may have poor frequency resolution. In this work, we develop the generalized shrinkage estimator, which is a weighted average of a parametric estimator and a nonparametric estimator. The optimal weights are frequency-specific and derived under the quadratic risk criterion so that the estimator, either the parametric estimator or the nonparametric estimator, that performs better at a particular frequency receives heavier weight. We validate the proposed estimator in a simulation study and apply it on electroencephalogram recordings from a visual-motor experiment.
|
2022-12-14T21:07:01.601Z
|
14,828,411 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TMAG.2004.828993",
"MAG": "2135709682",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We present a fast waveform simulator based on the microtrack model for high-density perpendicular recording. The simulator characterizes dominant noise sources to create realistic recording outputs that allow useful evaluation of modern software channels. A novel model architecture was developed to overcome the computational burden due to the long perpendicular response. Speed and distortion tradeoffs are quantified and indicate that a throughput of 1 Mbps can be achieved with negligible distortion on a contemporary desktop computer.
|
2022-12-16T04:26:08.467Z
|
254,388,270 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.33373/jtp.v6i2.4600",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://journal.unrika.ac.id/index.php/jurnaltriaspolitika/article/download/4600/pdf"
}
|
Perkembangan teknologi informasi di era digitalisasi dan globalisasi berdampak terhadap bidang pelayanan publik dan pemerintahan yang ikut bertransformasi ke arah elektronik atau dikenal dengan e-government. Transformasi digitalisasi pada bidang pelayanan publik dan pemerintah menghadirkan berbagai inovasi untuk mewujudkan transparansi, pengurangan korupsi, peningkatan kenyamanan, pertambahan pendapatan dan pengurangan serta terciptanya tata kelola pelayanan publik dan pemerintahan yang optimal dan lebih baik atau good governance, sehingga diperlukan kebijakan atau relugasi yang tepat agar dalam proses implementasi dapat mencapai tujuan yang diinginkan. Salah satu inovasi di bidang pelayanan publik yang ada di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Bangka yang mendapatkan penghargaan dibidang inovasi pelayanan publik yaitu Aplikasi SMART IN PIRT pada tahun 2019, untuk memudahkan pelaku usaha dalam mendapatkan perizinan atau sertifikasi pangan bagi produk industri rumah tangga. Dalam pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yaitu wawancara, observasi serta dokumentasi dalam menganalisis fenomena. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori Implementasi Kebijakan dari Merilee S. Grindle. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu implementasi kebijakan inovasi berbasis e-government yaitu aplikasi SMART IN PIRT cukup baik karena dinilai tepat dan memberikan perubahan yang cukup signifikan dalam jumlah penerbitan sertifikat PIRT. Serta dapat mencapai luaran yang diharapkan yaitu memberikan dampak terhadap masyarakat baik secara individu maupun kelompok dan memberikan perubahan serta dapat diterima oleh kelompok sasaran. Namun dipengaruhi oleh integrasi regulasi pusat dan daerah serta beberapa faktor pendorong dan penghambat lainnya.
|
2022-12-21T15:34:59.839Z
|
122,362,192 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/01431160600887680",
"MAG": "2015864144",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Coffee is an extremely important cash crop, yet previous work indicates that satellite mapping of coffee has produced low classification accuracy. This research examines spectral band combinations and ancillary data for evaluating the classification accuracy and the nature of spectral confusion between coffee and other cover types in a Costa Rican study area. Supervised classification using Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) with only red, near‐infrared, and mid‐infrared bands had significantly lower classification accuracy compared to datasets that included more spectral bands and ancillary data. The highest overall accuracy achieved was 65%, including a coffee environmental stratification model (CESM). Producer's and user's accuracy was highest for shade coffee plantations (91.8 and 61.1%) and sun coffee (86.2 and 68.4%) with band combination ETM+ 34567, NDVI, cos (i), and including the use of the CESM. Post‐classification stratification of the optimal coffee growing zone based on elevation and precipitation data did not show significant improvement in land cover classification accuracy when band combinations included both the thermal band and NDVI. A forward stepwise discriminant analysis indicated that ETM+ 5 (mid‐infrared band) had the highest discriminatory power. The best discriminatory subset for all woody cover types including coffee excluded ETM+ 3 and 7; however, the land cover accuracy assessment indicated that overall accuracy, as well as producer's and user's accuracy of shade and sun coffee, were slightly improved with the inclusion of these bands. Although spectral separation between coffee crops and woodland areas was only moderately successful in the Costa Rica study, the overall accuracy, as well as the sun and shade coffee producer's and user's accuracy, were higher than reported in previous research.
|
2022-12-20T22:35:19.809Z
|
96,335,883 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1039/C3NJ00931A",
"MAG": "2013554684",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Vanadium oxide coatings were hydrothermally grown on fluorine doped tin dioxide glass substrates at 95 °C and further annealed at 100 and 300 °C. The coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, UV-vis transmittance and cyclic voltammetry. Crystalline vanadium(V) oxide with the highest surface area ratio was observed for thermal treatment at 300 °C. In addition, the same sample presented the highest intercalation charge and enhanced durability compared with the others. The importance of achieving single-phase crystalline oxide for the improvement of the coatings performance was highlighted.
|
2022-12-24T18:14:00.466Z
|
80,604,412 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/oemed-2017-104636.266",
"MAG": "2761688901",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://oem.bmj.com/content/oemed/74/Suppl_1/A101.1.full.pdf"
}
|
Background To study associations between physical workload and health outcomes, valid and feasible exposure assessment methods are needed. Physical workload can be assessed by technical measurements, observations and questionnaires. Measurements and observations are often too costly in large epidemiological studies. Response rates to surveys are decreasing. Also, self-reported exposure is prone to bias since it may be influenced by e.g. health. Alternatives are to use job exposure matrices (JEM) where each job is attributed exposure measures. This enables large epidemiological studies to be conducted on registers and cohorts that include job titles. The aim was to construct a Swedish JEM for physical workload. Methods Data from the Swedish Work Environment Surveys conducted every second year 1997–2013, including 90 077 working Swedes, were used. The JEM was based on eight questions concerning heavy lifting, strenuous work postures, repetitive work and physical strenuous work. The response scales specifiy the proportion of working time with the exposure. Occupational titles were coded on 4-digit level according to the 1996 version of the Swedish Standard Classification of Occupations. Results The JEM provides information on physical exposures in 355 occupations, divided into men and women. Each occupation has been assigned mean values for specific exposures, e.g. heavy lifting, and overall physical exposure, as well as the proportion of workers exposed. Analyses will be presented on the predictive validity of JEM estimates on musculoskeletal disorders in a Swedish cohort. Conclusions If the JEM is considered valid it will be a valuable tool in epidemiological studies of physical workload.
|
2022-02-11T03:03:46.495Z
|
1,632,659 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1145/3018009.3018028",
"MAG": "2582846960",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper presents a Wave Digital Filter (WDF) emulation system suitable for audio applications implemented on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The WDF structures are programmed in the reconfigurable FPGA CompactRIO via LabVIEW. When the system runs in real-time, the circuit parameters are controlled and monitored via a graphical user interface on a host computer. A tone control and a three way crossover filter are presented as application examples. The WDF emulations are validated by measuring the signals from the FPGA I/O modules with a data acquisition system. Measurement results confirm the accuracy of the presented examples and the reliability of CompactRIO to perform WDF audio circuit emulations.
|
2022-02-13T14:26:51.984Z
|
247,372,079 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1590/1980-4369e2022002",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.scielo.br/j/his/a/mSkGjzzrwcyX9nvcRYYytKR/?lang=pt&format=pdf"
}
|
Resumo Este artigo analisa a batalha do cinematógrafo da Central do Brasil, isto é, o conjunto de artigos publicados na imprensa carioca entre março e abril de 1908 que atacaram ou defenderam a gestão de Aarão Reis junto à Companhia da Estrada de Ferro Central do Brasil por ter permitido a instalação de um cinematógrafo na estação Central do Brasil. As questões que irão estruturar nossa investigação são: a) que concepções a respeito do consumo cinematográfico foram acionadas ao longo desse debate?; b) como essas concepções revelam expectativas em relação à burocracia estatal e ao controle do tempo destinado ao lazer das classes populares? Como metodologia de pesquisa, adotamos o paradigma indiciário, tal qual pensado por Carlo Ginzburg.
|
2022-08-20T11:26:10.519Z
|
215,771,957 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1364/ol.390656",
"MAG": "3012264577",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We propose electric poling of electro-optic (EO) polymer films with graphene electrodes. The use of graphene electrodes can waive the use of buffer layers and minimize the poling voltage. To demonstrate the idea, we prepared EO polymer thin-film waveguides for poling with traditional Au/ITO electrodes and graphene electrodes, where the EO polymer is a guest-host system formed by doping 15 wt% of dipolar polyene chromophore AJLZ53 into the random copolymer P(S-co-MMA). Our experiments confirm that the use of graphene electrodes can significantly reduce the poling voltage. For a 3.8-µm-thick EO polymer film, we achieve high EO coefficients of 82 pm/V at 1541 nm and 110 pm/V at 1300 nm with a poling voltage of 420 V. In addition, the use of graphene electrodes allows more flexible waveguide designs and can potentially simplify the fabrication of devices based on EO polymer.
|
2022-09-08T01:01:38.378Z
|
253,117,907 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/bimj.202100180",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Reference intervals are widely used in the interpretation of results of biochemical and physiological tests of patients. When there are multiple biochemical analytes measured from each subject, a multivariate reference region is needed. Because of their greater specificity against false positives, such reference regions are more desirable than separate univariate reference intervals that disregard the cross-correlations between variables. Traditionally, under multivariate normality, reference regions have been constructed as ellipsoidal regions. This approach suffers from a major drawback: it cannot detect component-wise extreme observations. In the present work, procedures are developed to construct rectangular reference regions in the multivariate normal setup. The construction is based on the criteria for tolerance intervals. The problems addressed include the computation of a rectangular tolerance region and simultaneous tolerance intervals. Also addressed is the computation of mixed reference intervals that include both two-sided and one-sided limits, simultaneously. A parametric bootstrap approach is used in the computations, and the accuracy of the proposed methodology is assessed using estimated coverage probabilities. The problem of sample size determination is also addressed, and the results are illustrated using examples that call for the computation of reference regions.
|
2022-10-28T15:35:25.458Z
|
31,538,121 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.13189/UJM.2014.020301",
"MAG": "2145924899",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper proposes research framework to study impact of organizational factors on E-Commerce Implementation in Indian MSME sector. It also shows the profound impact of MSME sector on Indian Economy, status of E-commerce in India & imperative of E-Commerce for Indian MSME sector. A literature review in this area.
|
2022-11-05T15:01:48.190Z
|
22,751,773 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/URSIGASS.2011.6051260",
"MAG": "2107829232",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Since the discovery that the flux densities of very compact astrophysical sources are modulated by scattering in the inhomogeneous, ionized interstellar medium (ISM) of our own Galaxy through a phenomenon known as Interstellar Scintillation (ISS), these scattering effects have been used with great success as a tool to probe the physics of the ISM and the sources themselves. With the recent discovery of a redshift dependence in the ISS of quasars in a 4.9 GHz survey of about 500 sources, large statistical studies of ISS have been imbued with a cosmological significance. Possible causes of this effect include cosmological expansion, scatter broadening by the ionized intergalactic medium and evolution of quasar morphology with redshift. Since each of these hypotheses have different wavelength dependences, we have carried out dual-frequency observations of a subsample of 140 quasars to determine the origin of this redshift dependence of ISS. We are therefore using interstellar scattering, for the first time, as a cosmological probe at micro-arcsecond scales — achieving an angular resolution two orders of magnitude finer than that of Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI). We discover a weaker redshift dependence at 8.4 GHz as compared to 4.9 GHz, indicating a strong wavelength scaling in the effect. We are investigating possible source selection effects and developing the theory to model the observations to enable an accurate interpretation of the data.
|
2022-08-25T08:41:36.416Z
|
144,787,452 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1103/PHYSREVSTPER.5.010107",
"MAG": "2050987053",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The two genders make different use of being allowed multiple tries to solve online homework problems: male students frequently attempt to immediately solve the problem, while female students are more likely to first interact with peers and teaching assistants before entering answers. More male than female students state that they use the multiple allowed attempts to enter “random stuff,” while more female than male students state that the multiple attempts allow them to explore their own problem solving approaches without worrying or being stressed out by grades.
|
2022-12-17T19:46:48.785Z
|
155,994,162 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2307/1231351",
"MAG": "2288426805",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This discussion of changes in organization and in farm practices that have recently been effective on professionally managed Midwest farms is based upon reports made by several farm management organizations located in Ohio and Indiana and only such changes are noted as seem to have been effected recently and rather generally on professionally managed properties in those states. As these changes are enumerated an attempt will be made to comment on their background and observe whether they are or are not being effected on farms in general, that is, including those not professionally managed. The farms which are under professional management in this territory fall largely in two groups as to ownership. First, the larger group is comprised of those in the hands of so-called unwilling owners, that is, those who originally made a loan but now find that they bought a farm. The second principal class comprises farms which are owned by estates, those which have been purchased outright as investments, and those which have been purchased as a hobby or side interest. There are, of course, other classes of owners but they are in the minority. It is evident that landowners with too much debt are not generally in a position at the present time to avail themselves of professional farm management service with fixed tax and interest charges demanding so large a share of the income. Hard run farms with heavy mortgages seem to be cases for the undertaker rather than for the doctor.
|
2022-01-27T05:34:54.007Z
|
192,629,792 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4995/THESIS/10251/54136",
"MAG": "2277699498",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
"[EN] Modern architecture in Valencia and some of its most important figures, have not been given to know in depth in the specialized literature. This Thesis aims to be a first approach to the work of one of these architects, Mauro Lleo Serret (1914- 2001) who left a great heritage but due to proximity, due to ignorance, or for not having recognized its value has been often undervalued. While it's true that his work begins in the era of autarchy, with formal expressions inspired by solutions of the past, he will soon be interested in architecture that is being done outside of Spain, of the great Masters as Mies, and will begin to incorporate details of it in their work. Thus, seven of his projects mark the passage to modernity in terms of compositional, technical and materials solutions. These will be two orders for the ""Federacion Sindical de Agricultores Arroceros de Espana"": the project for the pavilion at the 1st International Fair of the field for the Rice National Cooperative in the Casa de Campo of Madrid (1953) and the project of rice factory in Sueca (1954), three industrial projects: project for a bottling plant of ""Coca Cola"" (1958) and the building for the metal fabrications factory FLEX (1961) , both in Quart de Poblet and the project for the S.E.A.T. branch in Valencia (1965), and finally two educational projects: the project of school in Valencia for the religious Institute of Purity (1962-1964) and the project of a building for Social Institute of Women (1966). Drawings, photographs of buildings in its current state, interviews with their users or the personal archive of the architect, among others, have been light, in addition to the possibility of a work of comprehensive analysis of certain works, to an approach to his career in the field of building from 1940 until 1976. This work doesn't forget neither the important contribution made by Mauro Lleo Serret in the field of urban planning and rehabilitation, but focuses on its role as an architect of buildings that did arouse the concern of the modern in Valencia. [ES] La arquitectura moderna en Valencia y algunas de sus figuras mas relevantes, no han sido dadas a conocer en profundidad en la bibliografia especializada. Esta Tesis pretende ser un primer acercamiento a la obra de uno de estos arquitectos, Mauro Lleo Serret (1914-2001) que dejo un gran patrimonio construido pero que, por cercania, por desconocimiento, o por no haber reconocido su valor ha quedado en muchas ocasiones infravalorado. Si bien es verdad que su obra se inicia en la epoca de la autarquia, con manifestaciones formales inspiradas en soluciones del pasado, pronto pasara a interesarse por la arquitectura que se esta haciendo fuera de Espana, la de los grandes maestros como Mies, y empezara a incorporar detalles de la misma en su trabajo. Asi pues, siete de sus proyectos marcaran el paso hacia la modernidad en cuanto a soluciones compositivas, tecnicas y materiales. Estos seran dos encargos para la Federacion Sindical de Agricultores Arroceros de Espana: el proyecto de pabellon en la I Feria Internacional del campo para la Cooperativa Nacional del arroz en la Casa de Campo de Madrid (1953) y el Proyecto de factoria arrocera en Sueca (1954), tres proyectos industriales: el Proyecto de planta de embotellar ""Coca-Cola"" (1958) y el de edificio para fabrica de transformados metalicos FLEX (1961), ambos en Quart de Poblet y el Proyecto de filial de S.E.A.T. en Valencia (1965), y por ultimo dos proyectos docentes: el proyecto de Colegio de Ensenanza en Valencia para el Instituto Religioso de la Pureza (1962-1964) y el Proyecto de edificio para Instituto Social de la Mujer (1966). Planos, fotografias de los edificios en su estado actual, entrevistas con sus usuarios o el archivo personal del arquitecto, entre otros, han dado luz, ademas de a la posibilidad de un trabajo de analisis exhaustivo de determinadas obras, a una aproximacion a su trayectoria profesional en el campo de la edificacion desde 1940 hasta 1976. Este trabajo no olvida tampoco la importante contribucion de Mauro Lleo Serret en el campo del urbanismo y la rehabilitacion, pero se centra en su papel como arquitecto de edificios que hicieron despertar la inquietud de lo moderno en Valencia. [CAT] L' arquitectura moderna a Valencia i algunes de les seues figures mes rellevants, no s'han donat a coneixer amb profunditat a la bibliografia especialitzada. Aquesta Tesi preten ser un primer apropament a l'obra d'un d'aquests arquitectes, Mauro Lleo Serret (1914-2001) que va deixar un gran patrimoni construit pero que, per proximitat, per desconeixement o per no haver reconegut el seu valor ha quedat moltes vegades infravalorat. Si be es veritat que la seua obra s'inicia a l'epoca de l'autarquia, amb manifestacions formals inspirades en solucions del passat, prompte passara a interessar-se per l'arquitectura que s'esta fent fora d'Espanya, la dels grans Mestres com Mies, i comencara a incorporar detalls de la mateixa al seu treball. Aixi doncs, set dels seus projectes marcaran el pas cap a la modernitat quant a solucions compositives, tecniques i materials. Aquests seran dos encarrecs per a la ""Federacion Sindical de Agricultores Arroceros de Espana"": el projecte de pavello en la I Fira Internacional del camp per a la Cooperativa Nacional de l'arroc a la Casa de Campo de Madrid (1953) i el Projecte de factoria arrocera a Sueca (1954), tres projectes industrials: el Projecte de planta d'embotellar ""Coca-Cola"" (1958) i l'edifici per a fabrica de transformats metal·lics FLEX (1961), els dos a Quart de Poblet i el Projecte de filial de S.E.A.T. a Valencia (1965), i per ultim dos projectes docents: el Projecte de Col·legi d'Ensenyament a Valencia per a l'Institut Religios de la Puresa (1962-1964) i el Projecte d'edifici per a Institut Social de la Dona (1966). Planols, fotografies dels edificis al seu estat actual, entrevistes amb els seus usuaris o l'arxiu personal de l'arquitecte, entre d'altres, han donat llum, a mes de a la possibilitat d'un treball d'analisis exhaustiu de determinades obres, a una aproximacio de la seua trajectoria professional al camp de l'edificacio des de 1940 fins a 1976. Aquest treball no oblida tampoc la important contribucio de Mauro Lleo Serret al camp de l'urbanisme i la rehabilitacio, pero es centra amb el seu paper com arquitecte d'edificis que feren despertar la inquietud del modern a Valencia. "
|
2022-02-08T08:43:54.006Z
|
6,243,494 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/GLOCOM.2006.241",
"MAG": "2011907195",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper studies the blocking performance of a class of all-optical overlaid-star TDM networks using a least- congested-path routing strategy in path selection. An analytical model is proposed to estimate the call blocking probability in such networks. This model takes link-load correlation into account and thus can provide accurate estimation of the blocking performance. The accuracy of the analytical model is verified by comparing analytical results with simulation results.
|
2022-09-03T10:00:07.544Z
|
21,346,915 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/00071669008417280",
"MAG": "2134661944",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
1. In a 6 x 7 factorial experiment using 2688 22-week-old laying hens of the Lohmann-SL strain kept in cages (4 birds/cage), diets containing six calcium (20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 g calcium/kg) and seven phosphorus concentrations (3.2, 4.2, 5.2, 6.2, 7.2, 8.2, 16.2 g total phosphorus/kg (Pt)) were combined orthogonally. The resulting 42 treatments were replicated 8 times so that a replicate consisted of a double cage of 2 x 4 hens. The experiment lasted 40 weeks (10 x 28 days). 2. The experimental diets, based on maize and soyabean meals contained 11.5 MJ metabolisable energy/kg and 175 g/kg protein. Different dietary calcium and phosphorus contents were obtained by substituting oat hulls with limestone and dicalcium phosphate. 3. Mortality, egg production, egg weight, egg mass, food intake and food conversion efficiency were determined as well as the breaking strength, thickness of shells and the percentage of eggs with defective shells. 4. All responses measured were significantly influenced by the variance sources (calcium, phosphorus, interaction). Most of the production traits responded asymptotically to increasing dietary phosphorus concentration, the greatest increases or decreases generally being seen between 3.2 and 5.2 g Pt/kg. Further but weaker increases were seen between 5.2 and 8.2 or 16.2 g Pt/kg. 5. Increases in dietary calcium content always resulted in curvilinear responses. In all cases optimal effects were obtained with diets containing 25 g calcium/kg and the worst values at 45 g calcium/kg. The interaction between calcium and phosphorus was recognised by strong performance depressions and a high mortality at combinations of the lowest phosphorus concentration (3.2 g/kg) with high calcium contents (35 to 45 g/kg). These were largely offset by increasing dietary phosphorus. Thus, between 7.2 and 16.2 g Pt/kg and 25 and 45 g Ca/kg a plateau was formed where only small differences in egg production were observed. 6. From the three egg shell characteristics measured, breaking strength and shell thickness responded differently to the percentage of eggs with defective shells. While breaking strength and shell thickness were respectively negatively and positively influenced by increasing dietary phosphorus and calcium contents, both elements affected the proportion of eggs with defective shells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
|
2022-09-16T09:45:59.533Z
|
28,700,133 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1089/ars.2010.3765",
"MAG": "2029655631",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Normal human pregnancy is considered a state of enhanced oxidative stress. In pregnancy, it plays important roles in embryo development, implantation, placental development and function, fetal development, and labor. However, pathologic pregnancies, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), are associated with a heightened level of oxidative stress, owing to both overproduction of free radicals and/or a defect in the antioxidant defenses. This has important implications on the mother, placental function, and fetal well-being. Animal models of diabetes have confirmed the important role of oxidative stress in the etiology of congenital malformations; the relative immaturity of the antioxidant system facilitates the exposure of embryos and fetuses to the damaging effects of oxidative stress. Of note, there are only a few clinical studies evaluating the potential beneficial effects of antioxidants in GDM. Thus, whether or not increased antioxidant intake can reduce the complications of GDM in both mother and fetus needs to be explored. This review provides an overview and updated data on our current understanding of the complications associated with oxidative changes in GDM.
|
2022-12-25T22:56:30.658Z
|
129,643,392 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3208/SANDF.39.2_21",
"MAG": "1982114377",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The analysis and computation of the ultimate lateral capacity of rigid piles is usually based on a simplified soil pressure distribution along the pile length. Actual soil pressure distributions were measured in a rigid model pile along its length and across the diameter and it was found that the simplified theoretical assumptions of pressure distribution needs a modification. A method is suggested in this paper to predict soil pressure distribution and ultimate lateral capacity for rigid piles in cohesionless soils. Field and laboratory data from published literature are used to validate the proposed method.
|
2022-12-29T17:12:51.206Z
|
45,743,511 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/00000539-199701000-00029",
"MAG": "2137010001",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Present package labeling for sevoflurane recommends the use of fresh gas flow rates of 2 L/min or more when delivering anesthesia with sevoflurane.This recommendation resulted from a concern about the potential nephrotoxicity of a degradation product of sevoflurane, "Compound A," produced by the action of carbon dioxide absorbents on sevoflurane. To assess the adequacy of this recommendation, we compared the nephrotoxicity of 8 h of 1.25 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC) sevoflurane (n = 10) versus desflurane (n = 9) in fluid-restricted (i.e., nothing by mouth overnight) volunteers when the anesthetic was given in a standard circle absorber anesthetic system at 2 L/min. Subjects were tested for markers of renal injury (urinary albumin, glucose, alpha-glutathione-S-transferase [GST], and pi-GST; and serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen [BUN]) before and 1, 2, 3, and/or 5-7 days after anesthesia. Desflurane did not produce renal injury. Rebreathing of sevoflurane produced average inspired concentrations of Compound A of 41 +/- 3 ppm (mean +/- SD). Sevoflurane was associated with transient injury to: 1) the glomerulus, as revealed by postanesthetic albuminuria; 2) the proximal tubule, as revealed by postanesthetic glucosuria and increased urinary alpha-GST; and 3) the distal tubule, as revealed by postanesthetic increased urinary pi-GST. These effects varied greatly (e.g., on postanesthesia Day 3, the 24-h albumin excretion was <0.03 g (normal) for one volunteer; 0.03-1 g for five others; 1-2 g for two others; 2.1 g for one volunteer; and 4.4 g for another volunteer). Neither anesthetic affected serum creatinine or BUN, nor changed the ability of the kidney to concentrate urine in response to vasopressin, 5 U/70 kg subcutaneously (i.e., these measures failed to reveal the injury produced). In addition, sevoflurane, but not desflurane, caused small postanesthetic increases in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), suggesting mild, transient hepatic injury. (Anesth Analg 1997;84:160-8)
|
2023-01-01T06:54:44.161Z
|
212,997,200 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.13097/ARCHIVE-OUVERTE/UNIGE:118011",
"MAG": "2989900352",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Spectral aliasing is a methodology avoiding long experimental times that can be used as an alternative to recording experiments with incremented number of points for 2D NMR experiments when a high resolution in the F1 indirect dimension is desired. Usually, ambiguities in chemical shift in the F1 indirect dimension are introduced, making it impossible to determine the true chemical shift of the aliased signals. We have developed a new methodology that allows to resolve those ambiguities within a single experiment, encoding the missing chemical shift information along the F1 indirect dimension. Its modular conception allows to apply this new methodology to a variety of different 2D NMR experiments, such as HSQC or PSYCHE CLIP-COSY, etc. An easy-to-use reconstruction program has also been coded to automatically resolve chemical shift ambiguities and obtain the true chemical shifts of the aliased signals.
|
2022-01-27T11:32:14.418Z
|
56,744,590 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15850/AMJ.V4N3.644",
"MAG": "2890288893",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Background : Studies have shown that muscle strength will decline with aging and inactivity, with 1% to 3% loss of muscle strength each day. Nevertheless, different lifestyles have different effect on muscle strength. This study was conducted to analyze the differences in quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength in elderly from 60–79 years olds according to lifestyle. Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2015. The subjects were 31 older persons from community who voluntarily participated the research procedure and were divided into 2 groups, active group and sedentary group according to International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Quadriceps and hamstring muscle strengths were measured using the push and pull dynamometer. The collected data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank sum test and the unpaired t-test. Results : This study discovered that the mean difference in hamstring muscle strength was 6.09 ± 0.70, p< 0.001; median difference in Quadriceps muscle strength was 5.00 (13.00, 6.50), p<0.001. Conclusions : There is a higher Quadriceps and Hamstring muscle strength in elderly active lifestyle compared to elderly sedentary lifestyle.
|
2022-02-11T19:10:05.321Z
|
194,109,750 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4000/ANTHROVISION.1453",
"MAG": "2173666831",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this textual and visual online article I will present a visual microanalysis based on the ethnographic film I made in 2010, Ippo Ippo. The film focuses on how emotionally sensitive topics associated with cancer are dealt with among people living with cancer and those close to them. As several studies conclude, illness comes with suffering including pain that is not easy to talk about or listen to. This is especially true in a Japanese context where people generally prefer indirect communication, including silence, to avoid eliciting emotional communication. When we are faced with a combination of illness and Japanese communication style, we need to pay special attention to not only what people say but also what remains unsaid and the silence between words. Furthermore, how can an anthropologist get close to someone’s personal experiences, especially in the realm of silence? That is, get close to the world of what people do not say or cannot say? I will draw attention to the fluid silence, seeing it as a mode of communication, as well as looking into the realm of silence. The article invites the readers to make their own microanalysis: while reading the text, the reader may view video clips from the film inscribed in the text.
|
2022-07-07T09:18:16.154Z
|
153,492,478 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/09638199.2014.955870",
"MAG": "2024697743",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The article empirically tests the link between financial constraints with the extensive (proportion of exporters) and the intensive (volume of exports) margins of international trade. The main contribution is the macroeconomic analysis of this relationship – i.e. the investigation of the effect of finance on trade of all economic sectors combined – which is further reaching than the manufactured-sector-based focus found in the current literature. The study is developed on the basis of a bilateral trade database on 104 countries between 1998 and 2007. The empirical section estimates a two-stage gravity equation using panel data and shows a positive impact of financial development on the marginal variation of the extensive margin. However, the estimate of the relationship between finance and the intensive margin shows an unexpected result. It finds inconsistent results demonstrating a relationship that is negative, positive or statistically null.
|
2022-08-27T00:14:07.973Z
|
213,383,476 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18596/jotcsa.570449",
"MAG": "2999797138",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/933642"
}
|
In this work, three different type of mineral oils, with same amount (%1 as ratio), have been added to two different soap recipes from animal origin oils and vegetable derived fatty acids that have the same rate of foaming agent and similar critical specification values.The pH / conductivity, foam performance, hardness and pellet tests were applied to the soaps obtained; and the results were analyzed by comparing the effects of different specifications of mineral oil. The result of this study, the effect of addition of mineral oils on the soap samples were clarified and characterized by advanced research analysis.
|
2022-09-12T13:15:37.656Z
|
231,770,161 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/jcm10030435",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "7865453"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/3/435/pdf"
}
|
Progression of atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with worsened prognosis for cardiovascular events and mortality. Exercise-based-cardiac rehabilitation programmes have shown preliminary promise for primary and secondary prevention of AF. Yet, such interventions are typically reserved for patients with acute coronary syndrome or undergoing revascularization. Using a retrospective cohort design, the present study investigated the association of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation on the progression of paroxysmal to sustained AF, compared to propensity-matched controls. Patients with a diagnosis of paroxysmal AF were compared between those with and without an electronic medical record of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation within 6-months of diagnosis. Using cox regression models, we ascertained odds of 2-year incidence for AF progression. This cohort of 9808 patients with paroxysmal AF demonstrated that exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation was associated with 26% lower odds of AF progression (odds ratio 0.74, 95% CI 0.66–0.83) compared to propensity-matched controls. This beneficial effect seemed to vary across patient subgroups. In conclusion, findings revealed that exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation was associated with significantly lower odds of progression from paroxysmal to sustained AF at 2-years follow-up compared to propensity-matched controls.
|
2022-12-08T22:40:08.849Z
|
101,503,494 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.6023/A12040104",
"MAG": "2318907793",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A novel series of germanium centered porous aromatic frameworks (Ge-PAFs) based on tetrakis(4-bromophenyl)germane as building units and 1,4-benzenediboronic acid or 4,4'-biphenyldiboronic acid as linkers were synthesized. These materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), C solid-state NMR, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and N2 gas sorption. FTIR spectroscopy is useful in probing the structure of Ge-PAFs networks. From the disappearance of the intense B—OH bands (at 3370 cm) and the C—Br bands (at 482 cm) in the FT-IR spectra, the formation of the product can be preliminarily confirmed. The solid-state C CP/MAS NMR spectra of Ge-PAFs indicate that a group of signals with a chemical shift in the range of δ 120—145 could be observed. They are related to aromatic carbon atoms in the framework-building phenylene groups. Both the FTIR and C CP/MAS NMR analyses show no obvious signals assigned to the halogen or boronic acid end groups, testifying that an almost complete coupling reaction has taken place. PXRD was carried out to investigate the crystallinity of Ge-PAFs, which indicate the amorphous texture. No long-range frameworks could be due to distortion and interpenetration of the phenyl rings. SEM images showed that Ge-PAF-1 and Ge-PAF-2 afforded a spherical morphology. Simultaneously, TEM revealed that both of Ge-PAFs possess a worm-like texture. The thermal stability of Ge-PAF-1 and Ge-PAF-2 was analyzed by TG analysis under air. These materials were stable up to 420 °C in air corresponding to 5% weight loss, which suggest that the Ge-PAFs exhibit high thermal stability. Moreover, Ge-PAF-1 and Ge-PAF-2 also show high chemical stability. It is also insoluble in common organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, THF, CHCl3 and DMF. The N2 sorption isotherms were measured at 77 K to characterize the porosity of the Ge-PAFs networks. All networks give rise to type I nitrogen gas sorption isotherms with a distinct hysteresis for the whole range of relative pressure. This result confirms the mesoporous nature in networks which was also observed by previous reports, especially for non-ordered porous polymers. It is attributed to elastic deformations during the course of N2 sorption; that is, the network is swelling. This is in accordance with the low surface areas of Ge-PAFs. When the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) model of the adsorption is adopted, the apparent surface areas of Ge-PAF-1 and Ge-PAF-2 are 49 and 65 m•g respectively, which are lower when compared to other reported POFs. The pore size distribution calculated from non-local density functional theory (NL-DFT), indicated that the Ge-PAFs have a widespread pore size distribution between 0.5 and 5 nm, which also confirms the existence of mesopores in networks. What’s more, the introduction of germanium in Ge-PAFs might provide possibilities for applications in organic semiconductors.
|
2022-12-13T05:26:20.854Z
|
20,950,702 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/00207594.2011.628673",
"MAG": "2093036460",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This cross-sectional study investigated the significant differences in students' self-efficacy and their involvement in learning science. Nine hundred and twenty-two elementary school fifth graders, 499 junior high school eighth graders, and 1455 senior or vocational high school eleventh graders completed the students' questionnaire. Analyses of variance (ANOVAs) and independent t-tests compared the significant similarities and differences across school levels and genders. The initial findings were as follows: A sharp decline in boys' and girls' self-efficacy scores from elementary to secondary school levels; boys have significantly higher self-efficacy scores than girls at vocational and senior high school levels; students with more involvement in science learning presented significantly higher self-efficacy scores than those with less involvement. The significant discrepancies in terms of gender and age in students' self-efficacy and involvement in learning science need to be addressed. Implications and limitations are provided.
|
2022-12-23T21:14:44.484Z
|
59,411,735 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/em.22273",
"MAG": "2912851803",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been considered a risk determinant for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess expression levels of vascular‐related miRNAs, miR‐126, miR‐155, and miR‐145, in plasma from women (aged 19–81 years) exposed (n = 100) and non‐exposed (n = 20) to PAHs via biomass combustion smoke.1‐hydroxypyrene (1‐OHP) was determined in urine as a biomarker of exposure to PAHs using high‐resolution liquid chromatography. Plasma expression levels of proposed miRNAs were determined by quantitative real‐time PCR. Additionally, traditional risk factors (age, blood pressure, serum lipid profile, blood glucose, and among others) associated with CVD were evaluated. Urinary 1‐OHP concentrations and plasma expression levels of miR‐126 and miR‐155 were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in women using wood as a fuel source in their homes (indoor) compared to women from the reference group (non‐exposed to biomass smoke). Besides, multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that miR‐126[β = 0.61; 95% confidence interval (0.32–0.90)] and miR‐155 [β = 0.45; 95% confidence interval (0.13–0.84)] expression levels were significantly associated with urinary 1‐OHP concentrations after being adjusted by traditional risk factors (P < 0.05). In contrast, no significant relationship was found between miR‐145 and urinary 1‐OHP levels. Furthermore, miRNAs assessed in this investigation are associated with CVD events. Consequently, actions to reduce exposure to PAHs in the evaluated population are warranted. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 60:546–558, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
|
2022-12-29T17:30:19.826Z
|
53,030,244 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1039/c8bm00628h",
"MAG": "2889623188",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Absorbable hemostatic agents with a high hemostatic efficacy play an important role in surgical and severely traumatic hemostasis. In the present study, by applying polyelectrolyte assembly, polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs), using carboxymethyl starch (CMS) and chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), with controllable physicochemical properties were prepared and optimized for hemorrhage control. Particle size, zeta potential, morphology and water absorption of the PECs with different CMS/COS ratios were systematically evaluated. The results of in vitro degradation in PBS suggested that CMS/COS PECs were degradable and their degradation rates, which decreased with the increase of the COS content, were suitable for absorbable hemostatic agents. The in vivo hemostatic efficacy of the PECs with 10 wt% COS content (PEC 10), which was evaluated in a rabbit hepatic hemorrhage model, was better than CMS but decreased with the increase of the COS content. The plasma coagulation evaluation revealed that the PECs could significantly activate and accelerate the coagulation cascade through both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways but could not directly affect the common pathway. CMS/COS PECs also showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, which enhanced with the increase of the COS content, but failed against E. coli. Moreover, PEC 10 displayed excellent cytocompatibility with MC3T3-L1 and good tissue compatibility in a rabbit liver model. These findings not only suggest that CMS/COS PECs with a suitable COS content were promising absorbable hemostatic agents for internal use but they are also useful to understand the underlying principles for designing PEC based hemostatic agents.
|
2022-12-30T18:15:13.936Z
|
4,646,787 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/AUD.0000000000000580",
"MAG": "2796081912",
"PubMedCentral": "7664445"
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objectives: The first objective of this study was to compare the predicted audiometric thresholds obtained by auditory steady state response (ASSR) and auditory brainstem response (ABR) in infants and toddlers when both techniques use optimal stimuli and detection algorithms. This information will aid in determining the basis for large discrepancies in ABR and ASSR measures found in past studies. The hypothesis was that advancements in ASSR response detection would improve (lower) thresholds and decrease discrepancies between the thresholds produced by the two techniques. The second objective was to determine and compare test times required by the two techniques to predict thresholds for both ears at the 4 basic audiometric frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz. Design: A multicenter clinical study was implemented at three university-based children’s hospital audiology departments. Participants were 102 infants and toddlers referred to the centers for electrophysiologic testing for audiometric purposes. The test battery included wideband tympanometry, distortion-product otoacoustic emissions, and threshold measurements at four frequencies in both ears using ABR and ASSR (randomized) as implemented on the Interacoustics Eclipse systems with “Next-Generation” ASSR detection and FMP analysis for ABR. Both methods utilized narrow band CE-Chirp stimuli. Testers were trained on a specialized test battery designed to minimize test time for both techniques. Testing with both techniques was performed in one session. Thresholds were evaluated and confirmed by the first author and correction factors were applied. Test times were documented in system software. Results: Corrected thresholds for ABR and ASSR were compared by regression, by the Bland–Altman technique and by matched pairs t tests. Thresholds were significantly lower for ASSR than ABR. The ABR–ASSR discrepancy at 500 Hz was 14.39 dB, at 1000 Hz was 10.12 dB, at 2000 Hz was 3.73 dB, and at 4000 Hz was 3.67 dB. The average test time for ASSR of 19.93 min (for 8 thresholds) was found to be significantly lower (p < 0.001) than the ABR test time of 32.15 min. One half of the subjects were found to have normal hearing. ASSR thresholds plotted in dB nHL for normal-hearing children in this study were found to be the lowest yet described except for one study which used the same technology. Conclusions: This study found a reversal of previous findings with up to 14 dB lower thresholds found when using the ASSR technique with “Next-Generation” detection as compared with ABR using an automated detection (FMP). The test time for an audiogram prediction was significantly lower when using ASSR than ABR but was excellent by clinical standards for both techniques. ASSRs improved threshold performance was attributed to advancements in response detection including utilization of information at multiple harmonics of the modulation frequency. The stimulation paradigm which utilized narrow band CE-Chirps also contributed to the low absolute levels of the thresholds in nHL found with both techniques.
|
2023-01-01T18:35:21.687Z
|
189,320,760 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.32505/TARBAWI.V10I2.833",
"MAG": "2941312363",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Didalam proses belajar mengajar kadang kala guru masih kurang menggunakanmetode yang sangat tepat. Pelajaran yang diberikan oleh guru secara langsung,seharusnya dapat diamati, diteliti, di hayati dan dikerjakan sendiri oleh anak didik,sehingga dapat menimbulkan kesan yang lebih lama dan tidak mudah terlupakan.Oleh karena itu media pendidikan memegang peranan penting dalam menunjangkeberhasilan proses belajar mengajar. Metode diskusi kelompok adalah merupakansalah satu metode pembelajaran yang bisa membuat siswa lebih aktif danberpartisipasi dalam proses belajar mengajar. Dalam pembelajaran ini gurumemberikan pengarahan dan bimbingan sesuai dengan materi yang akan di ajarkankepada sisiwa, yang mana siswa disuruh berdiskusi langsung kepada teman dankelompoknya. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatankualitatif dan jenis penelitiannya adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri atas 2siklus dan setiap satu siklus dua kali pertemuan. Subjek penelitian adalah siswakelas II-b pada MIN Paya Bujok yang berjumlah 36 siswa. Analisis datamenggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif komparatif dengan membandingkan kondisiawal dengan hasil-hasil yang dicapai pada setiap siklus dan analisis deskriptifkualitatif hasil observasi dan refleksi pada siklus I dan siklus II. Berdasarkan hasilpenelitian diperoleh peningkatan ketuntasan belajar siswa dalam siklus I yaitu 8siswa atau 23,53. Selanjutnya pada siklus II diperoleh hasil yang memuaskan karena29 siswa atau 85.29% berhasil mendapatkan nilai diatas KKM 70, selebihnya masihada 5 siswa atau 14.17% yang tidak tuntas. Maka dapat disimpulkan adanyapeningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada materi Akhlak Terpuji menggunakan metodediskusi pada siswa
|
2022-01-24T21:39:03.219Z
|
54,461,578 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/WIPDA.2018.8569096",
"MAG": "2905411732",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Successive generations of aircraft demand more electrical energy as pneumatic and hydraulic systems are replaced with electrical components. The more electric aircraft (MEA) transformation aims to improve fuel economy, increase reliability, and lower operating costs. To fully enjoy the benefits of an additional improvements in the power density of the electrical distribution system are required. Silicon carbide (SiC) devices have many advantages over their silicon (Si) counterparts that can lead to improvements in the power density. However, their characteristically switching speeds can result in higher levels of electromagnetic interference (EMI). This research compares the performance of two high power three phase inverters; one is built from SiC MOSFETs and the other from Si IGBTs. The efficiency and conducted EMI are measured at a DC bus of 540 V and an output power exceeding 25 kW.
|
2022-02-27T06:24:32.570Z
|
225,361,856 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1364/cleopr.2020.c5d_3",
"MAG": "3093021898",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We describe a method for the measurement of surface and bulk absorption in low-loss optical materials. The measurement of bulk absorption at 2um in low-OH fused silica with ca. 1ppm/cm sensitivity is presented.
|
2022-01-27T01:29:59.883Z
|
23,312,521 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3305/nh.2015.32.4.9607",
"MAG": "2341706637",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
AIM
considering the frequent consumption of fat-rich diets by women of reproductive age, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of maternal consumption of a high-fat diet during the perinatal and/ or post-weaning period on the liver parameters and lipid metabolism of young rats.
METHODS
Wistar female rats were fed a high-fat (H) or control (C) diet during pregnancy and lactation. The offspring were allocated to four groups: Control Control (CC, n = 11), offspring fed a control diet after weaning; Control High-fat (CH, n = 10), offspring fed a high-fat diet after weaning; High-fat High-fat (HH, n = 10), offspring of mothers H fed a high-fat diet after weaning; and High-fat Control (HC, n = 9), offspring of mothers H fed with control diet after weaning.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
the food intake did not differ among the groups, however, the relative weight of the adipose tissue was higher in animals from the HC, HH and CH groups (p ≤ 0.005). Liver steatosis was found in the CH and HH animals, which also exhibited hypercholesterolemia (p ≤ 0.05). The levels of the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were higher in the HH group, and the LDL level was higher in the CH group compared to the CC. The consumption of an obesogenic diet during critical periods of development may contribute to the occurrence of visceral obesity, liver steatosis and hypercholesterolemia in adult rats, even in the absence of changes in dietary intake.
|
2022-12-06T15:07:59.663Z
|
84,231,652 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1271/BBB1961.49.1813",
"MAG": "2025813644",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Several colicin-sensitivity mutants were isolated from Escherichia coli K-12. The mutants could not form colonies in the presence of colicin E2, but recovered their colony-forming ability on trypsin treatment even after prolonged incubation with the colicin. They showed increased sensitivity to hydrophobic antibiotics and detergents, as well as resistance against P1 and T4 phages, both of which seemed due to structural changes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Quantitative analysis by gas-liquid chromatography revealed that the mutant-LPS contained a different stereoisomer of heptose with decreased amounts of neutral sugars (rhamnose, glucose and galactose). LPS extracted from the parental colicin-sensitive strain could neutralize the killing activity of colicin E2 in vitro, but the mutant-LPS could not. The mutant strains retained functional receptor proteins for colicin E2. These observations suggest that LPS plays an important role in the early stage of the interaction of colicin E2 with E. coli cells.
|
2022-12-15T06:33:06.950Z
|
135,693,661 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/ADMA.200700758",
"MAG": "2078514836",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Novel cell culture surfaces grafted with the temperature-responsive polymer poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PIPAAm) allow the non-invasive detachment of confluent cell monolayers simply by reducing the temperature. [1,2] The harvested cell sheets are recovered together with their deposited extracellular matrix (ECM) and can be used for tissue reconstruction either by direct transplantation of cell sheets to host tissues or by the creation of three-dimensional structures via the layering of individual cell sheets. In contrast to conventional tissue engineering approaches using biodegradable scaffolds or the injection of isolated cell suspensions, this technique, named cell sheet engineering, allows for reconstruction of cell-dense structures with preservation of the critical cell surface proteins. [2] This method has been successfully applied to various tissue reconstructions, including skin, [3] corneal epithelium, [4] urothelium, [5] periodontal ligament, [6] cardiac muscle, [7] and liver lobules. [8] Furthermore, as this cell sheet-based tissue engineering is now emerging as a promising clinical methodology to reconstruct tissues for transplantation, alternatives to the PIPAAm-grafted dishes are elaborated. Further thermoresponsive polymers have been recently applied for cell sheet recovery. [9‐13] Another approach consists in cell growth onto protein-based gels, and subsequent cell sheet detachment through enzymatic digestion of the substrate. [14,15] Finally, Ito et al. proposed a new method named magnetic force-based cell sheet engineering, where the adhesion of cells labeled with magnetite nanoparticles is tuned by magnetic force. [16] We propose here a new platform for cell sheet engineering, involving electronically addressable polyelectrolyte mono- and multilayered thin films. As polyelectrolytes spontaneously adsorb onto oppositely charged surfaces through electrostatic interactions, monolayer coatings are obtained by a simple dipping process in a dilute aqueous solution of the polymer. In this study, we have used the synthetic polymer RGD-modified poly(L-lysine)-graft-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLL-g-PEG/PEGRGD). This polycation promotes specific interactions with cells through itsa/b-integrin-binding sequence Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) while preventing non-specific protein adsorption via its unfunctionalized PEG arms. [17,18] Moreover, multilayered polyelectrolyte films can be assembled by alternate dipping of a charged surface into dilute solutions of a polycation and a polyanion. [19] This layer-by-layer coating process is simple and applicable to geometrically complex substrates. Furthermore, multilayered thin films can be functionalized by covalent linking, adsorption or embedding of biomolecules; peptides, [20] proteins, [21‐23] drugs, [24] DNA [25] and other bioactive molecules [26,27] incorporated in polyelectrolyte multilayers have been shown to retain their biological activities. For our study, we have selected the polypeptides poly(L-lysine) (PLL) and poly(L-glutamic acid) (PGA), and the extracellular matrix component hyaluronic acid (HA). Both (PLL/HA) and (PLL/ PGA) polyelectrolyte films have been extensively studied and applied in biomedical studies. [28] Recently, polyelectrolyte mono- and multilayers have been shown to desorb from conducting substrates upon electrochemical polarization of the substrate. [29‐31] Based on these results, we have developed a new technique for harvesting cell sheets consisting of two steps: the growth of cells to confluence onto polyelectrolyte thin films and subsequent detachment under electrochemical control. Osteoblasts and fibroblasts grown onto PLL-g-PEG/ PEG-RGD coated indium tin oxide (ITO) could be detached as a cell sheet after the application of a positive potential. Fibroblasts could also be detached from PLL-PGA-PLL-gPEG/PEG-RGD substrate by electrochemical polarization, demonstrating the potential of electrochemically addressable surfaces for the recovery of cell sheets. Moreover, when grown to confluence on mono- or multilayered films made of (PLL/HA) or (PLL/PGA), osteoblasts, fibroblasts and human COMMUNICATION
|
2022-12-26T08:09:31.273Z
|