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225,550,718 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1088/1755-1315/525/1/012080",
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"url": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/525/1/012080"
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|
A prediction model for the local scouring depth at bridge piers is built using machine learning. Measured data which is collected from laboratory tests and field observation is used to train the predicting model which is verified by the measured data of Hangzhou Bay Bridge. The result shows that the predicted value of the local scouring depth at piers obtained by the machine learning model is in good agreement with the measured ones, which is more suitable than existing general formula. The machine learning method is effective in predicting the local scour depth at bridge piers.
|
2022-07-29T10:26:43.773Z
|
172,942,667 |
{
"externalids": {
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"DOI": "10.17077/1536-8742.1778",
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|
queenship. Flori refers in his chapter on power and patronage to recent studies of Anglo-Norman queens by Lois Huneycutt and Heather Tanner, but does not integrate the example of powerful queens such as Matilda of Scotland, Matilda of Boulogne, and Adeliza of Louvain into his study of Eleanor. The latter appears less remarkable or exceptional when placed alongside these predecessors, or contemporaries such as Ermengarde of Narbonne. These caveats should not, however, detract from the real achievement of this work in offering—arguably for the first time—a balanced and critical biography of Eleanor. It is to be hoped that the availability of this work in English will banish some of the myths that have been perpetuated about Eleanor, although it is unfortunate that the book is not available in a more affordable format. Had Edinburgh University Press gone ahead with the planned paperback edition, Flori’s work would be all the better placed to challenge the ubiquitous popular biographies of Eleanor. Nevertheless, scholars at least will benefit from this incisive and closely-argued work.
|
2022-01-24T17:28:31.343Z
|
111,042,843 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1049/CCE:19920016",
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|
Sterilisation of oil palm fruits is the first step in the sequence processes to extract the oil. It is typically a batch process, using steam for heating or ‘cooking’ the fruits. Sterilisation is carried in a way which requires the proper sequencing of valve movements for deaeration, steam inputs, steam blow-offs and condensate removal. Since a palm oil mill normally has multiple sterilisers, the task is to ensure the proper sequencing of all the associated valves. In this review, the sterilisation process is taken as a case in the study of automation in a palm oil mill. This article discusses the sterilisation process in the palm oil mill and elaborates on the control requirements. It also examines the features of some installed systems.
|
2022-05-29T01:04:16.238Z
|
247,712,511 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/acm2.13594",
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"PubMedCentral": "9195043"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/acm2.13594"
}
|
Abstract Purpose Stereotactic paraspinal treatment has become increasingly popular due to its favorable clinical outcome. An often‐overlooked factor that compromises the effectiveness of such treatment is the patients’ involuntary intrafractional motion. This work introduces and validates a proprietary software application that quantifies such motion for accurate patient monitoring during treatment. Methods The software uses a separate full‐trajectory cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) after daily patient setup to establish reference projections. Once treatment starts, the software grabs the intrafraction motion review (IMR) image acquired by TrueBeam via the Varian iTools Capture software and compares it against the corresponding reference projection to instantly determine the 2D shifts of the vertebrae being monitored using the classical downhill simplex optimization method. To evaluate its performance, an anthropomorphic phantom was shifted 0, 0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4, 3.0, and 5 mm in three orthogonal directions, immediately after the full‐trajectory CBCT but prior to treatment. Depending on the scenario of shift, a nine‐field fixed gantry intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) plan and/or a four partial‐posterior‐arcs volume‐modulated radiation therapy (VMAT) plan were delivered. For the IMRT plan, three IMR images were acquired sequentially every 200 monitor units (MU) at each treatment angle. For the VMAT plan, one IMR image was acquired every 15° of each arc. For each IMR image, the software‐reported 2D shift was compared with the ground truth. Certain tests were repeated with 1°, 2°, and 3° of rotation, pitch, and roll, respectively. Some of these tests were also repeated independently on separate days. Results Based on the group of tests that involved only the IMRT delivery, the maximum standard deviation of the software‐reported shifts for each set of three IMR images was 0.16 mm, with 95th percentile at 0.02 mm. For translational shift, the maximum registration error was 0.44 mm, with 95th percentile at 0.23 mm. Left unaccounted for, rotation and pitch degraded the registration accuracy mainly in the longitudinal direction, while roll degraded it mainly in the lateral direction. The degradation of registration accuracy is positively related to the degree of rotation, pitch, and roll. The maximum registration errors under 3° rotation, pitch, and roll were 2.97, 1.44, 2.72 mm, respectively. Based on the group of tests that compared IMRT delivery with VMAT delivery, the registration errors slightly increased as magnitude of shifts increased; however, they were well under the 0.5‐mm threshold. No significant differences in registration errors were observed between IMRT and VMAT deliveries. In addition, the variation in registration errors among different days was limited for both IMRT and VMAT deliveries. Conclusions Our proprietary software has high repeatability, both intrafractionally and interfractionally, and high accuracy in registering IMR images with the reference projections for motion monitoring, regardless of the magnitude of shifts or treatment delivery technique. Rotation, pitch, and roll degrade registration accuracy and need to be accounted for in the future work.
|
2022-07-04T21:03:05.315Z
|
59,614,240 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1155/2019/1683124",
"MAG": "2910889374",
"PubMedCentral": "6348862"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1683124"
}
|
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common sleep-disordered breathing condition. Patients with OSA symptoms are often not diagnosed clinically, which is a concern, given the health and safety risks associated with unmanaged OSA. The availability of fewer practicing medical specialists combined with longer travel distances to access health care services results in barriers to diagnosis and treatment in rural communities. This study aimed to (1) determine whether the proportion of adults reporting OSA symptoms in the absence of a sleep apnea diagnosis in rural populations varied by travel distance to specialist medical care and (2) assess whether any distance-related patterns were attributable to differences in the frequency of diagnosis among adults who likely required this specialist medical care. We used a cross-sectional epidemiologic study design, augmented by analysis of follow-up survey data. Our study base included adults who completed a 2010 baseline questionnaire for the Saskatchewan Rural Health Study. Follow-up occurred until 2015. 6525 adults from 3731 households constituted our sample. Statistical models used log-binomial regression. Rural adults who reported the largest travel distances (≥250 km) to specialist medical care were 1.17 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.29) times more likely to report OSA symptoms in the absence of a sleep apnea diagnosis than those who reported the smallest (<100 km; referent) distances. However, the proportion of sleep apnea diagnoses was low and unaffected by reported travel distance among adults who likely required this specialist medical care. Our findings suggest factors other than travel distance may be contributing to the low sleep apnea diagnostic rate. This remains important as undiagnosed and untreated OSA has serious implications on the health of people and populations, but effective treatments are available. Health care access barriers to the diagnosis and treatment of OSA require evaluation to inform health care planning and delivery.
|
2022-09-04T15:31:28.272Z
|
32,418,365 |
{
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"DOI": "10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb108163.x",
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|
Discussion Dietary sodium is derived from that present in food as purchased and from voluntary addition duringcooking and at the pointof consumption. Giventhe highlevels of sodium already present in processed foods," the use of all salts and seasonings containing salt must be greatly reduced before any meaningful reduction in total dietary intake of sodium can occur.Weconsider that the levels of sodium in flavoured saltsand "lowsalt" products are too highfor these products to be effectively substituted for table salt, while the small reduction of sodium level in sea salt would be nutritionally inconsequential. The "no salt" products are virtually free of sodium and can therefore be recommended, although there isa potentialbarrierto their widespread acceptance, because of the bitter taste associated with potassium salts." The sodium potassium mixture in "low salt" products does not present the sameflavour-acceptance problem," but has been demonstrated to be ineffective in reducing sodium excretion in healthy subjects." The use of seasonings presents problems for persons wishing to minimize their sodium intake. The descriptive labelling of seasonings is an inadequate indicator of the
|
2022-09-11T01:53:00.896Z
|
211,210,669 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICMMT45702.2019.8992133",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Large-signal modeling for the GaN HEMTs is crucial for their applications. An improved large-signal equivalent circuit model for GaN HEMTs including self-heating effects is proposed here. To accurately fit the DC measurement results, we modified the terms Ipk and P1. The comparison of the simulated and measured results shows excellent agreements.
|
2022-12-11T12:01:45.780Z
|
27,676,614 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/jth.13143",
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"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4639409?pdf=render"
}
|
Immune tolerance induction (ITI) in patients with congenital hemophilia A is successful in up to 70%. Although there is growing understanding of predictors of response to ITI, the probability and predictors of inhibitor recurrence after successful ITI are not well understood.
|
2022-12-23T02:12:32.069Z
|
9,395,858 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1037//0278-7393.19.2.285",
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|
An important issue in reading research is the role of phonology in visual word recognition. This experiment demonstrated that naming time of a target word (e.g., nut) is facilitated more by a homophone of a semantic associate (e.g., beach) than by a visually similar control (e.g., bench). However, this priming effect from the homophone obtained only when the prime word was exposed for 50 ms and was followed by a pattern mask and not when it was exposed for 200 ms before the pattern mask. In contrast, the "appropriate" prime (e.g., beech) provided facilitation at both exposure durations. Because the priming was obtained with a stimulus onset asynchrony of 250 ms, these data provide support for Van Orden's (1987) verification model, which posits that meaning is accessed through the automatic activation of phonological information.
|
2022-12-24T03:41:01.337Z
|
11,947,073 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/jo502426p",
"MAG": "1976393514",
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|
The development of 1,5-dimethyl-9-azanoradamantane N-oxyl (DMN-AZADO; 1,5-dimethyl-Nor-AZADO, 2) as an efficient catalyst for the selective oxidation of primary alcohols in the presence of secondary alcohols is described. The compact and rigid structure of the azanoradamantane nucleus confers potent catalytic ability to DMN-AZADO (2). A variety of hindered primary alcohols such as neopentyl primary alcohols were efficiently oxidized by DMN-AZADO (2) to the corresponding aldehydes, whereas secondary alcohols remained intact. DMN-AZADO (2) also has high catalytic efficiency for one-pot oxidation from primary alcohols to the corresponding carboxylic acids in the presence of secondary alcohols and for oxidative lactonization from diols.
|
2022-12-20T15:15:05.179Z
|
171,751,923 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1163/19552343-13900005",
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|
L’exploitation de nouvelles sources permet une recontextualisation des tentatives visant, au XVIIe siècle, à ouvrir une route de la soie russe, et principalement des projets de Frédéric III de Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf. L’article montre que ces projets, en dépit de leur caractère chimérique, s’inscrivaient dans les réseaux du commerce nord-ouest-européen vers la Russie, mais aussi qu’ils jouaient un rôle dans les évolutions de ceux-ci. Cela souligne la pertinence d’ambitions commerciales extra-européennes comme objet d’histoire européenne.
|
2022-01-24T20:52:19.468Z
|
41,111,851 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1103/PHYSREVLETT.75.3583",
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|
Isichenko, Gruzinov, and Diamond Reply: The Comment [1] of Yankov and Nycander raises the important issue of the effects of MHD activity, such as sawtooth oscillations, on the pinch effect and density profiles in tokamaks. Although no paper in Ref. [1], [3], or [4] of the Comment addressed the pinch effect in the presence of sawtooth, it is possible that MHD activity, other factors unchanged, flattens the density profiles. If that is so, the better performance of formula (1) than nq = const in fitting the profiles of TFTR shots 41313-46591 could be an artifact of the choice of the data. the difference between the predictions of Eqs. (1) and nq = const for several more recent TFTR supeshots is not that pronounced, and neither of the predictions is a particularly good fit to experiment. The stronger peaking of the supershot density profiles, as compared with the I, mode, could be due to the large population of fast ions deposited preferentially near the plasma center. It should be noted tha the difference between the theoretical density profiles (1) and nq = const is significant only in the limit of the small inverse aspect ratio, a/R, the parameter being of order 0.35 for TFTR. Also, both theories make several simplifying assumptions even in the limit a/R « 1. (However, such assumptions made in Ref. [1] of the Comment do not affect the result that the pinch effect is small in proportion to a/R. ) Therefore, comparison of the theoretical predictions for plasma density profiles is hard to make based on the available experimental data alone, and one needs a deeper theoretical insight to find out the limits of applicability, if any, of either theory. Perhaps more interesting is the question of addressing the effect of MHD activity on the pinch effect. In one special case discussed in Ref. [1] of the Comment, the magnetic fluctuations were found to cause an anomalous pinch effect similar to the one due to electrostatic Auctuations. This issue deserves more study.
|
2022-02-12T03:52:29.215Z
|
145,707,478 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/1750635207087631",
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|
Military spending in the USA and the UK is far in excess of defensive needs. The rationale for such spending now has little to do with defence, and is based on the capacity to intervene unilaterally and globally. This rationale, while favoured by political and military elites, has no clear popular mandate. It is here that the media play a role: not in simple-minded boosterism, but in creating a climate in which it is difficult to countenance cutting military budgets. There are four main elements of this unwitting complicity: the news media tend to focus on shortfalls rather excesses in the military budget; they tend to provide few comparative figures that might communicate the size of military budgets; they allow support for the troops to spill over into assumptions about support for military spending; and they allow the establishment of spurious links between the terrorist threat and defence spending.
|
2022-02-09T06:21:58.091Z
|
197,422,169 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1080/09540121.2019.1640847",
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"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6962566"
}
|
ABSTRACT Employment status is a key social determinant of health, and many populations in the United States that are impacted by HIV have unequal access to education and employment opportunities which contributes to HIV-related disparities. Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) are one of the groups most heavily burdened by HIV. With improved health outcomes associated with advancements in HIV treatment, research suggests that more people living with HIV want to work. This study describes employment among BMSM living in Baltimore, assesses differences in employment by HIV status and assesses predictors of full-time employment among BMSM. The study found that BMSM have limited access to full-time employment and that this disparity is even more pronounced among BMSM living with HIV. Men living with HIV were less likely to be employed full-time compared to men not living with HIV controlling for education and social contextual factors (OR 0.40 95% CI (0.22–0.73)). HIV will most likely have important implications for employment patterns and trajectories of BMSM over the life course. Additional research is needed among BMSM living with HIV to understand work histories and experiences, facilitating factors, and the impact of various work experiences on the health and wellbeing.
|
2022-11-14T03:27:41.156Z
|
251,359,043 |
{
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"DOI": "10.31004/basicedu.v6i4.2917",
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"license": "CCBYSA",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://jbasic.org/index.php/basicedu/article/download/2917/pdf"
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|
This study aims to describe the efforts of tahfidz Quran teachers in the development of Arabic communication for elementary/MI students. The research approach is qualitative with a case study method at Maskanul Huffadz Al-Lu'lu, having its address at Bakaran Batu Village, Batang Kuis District. The data collection of this research was carried out in a structured manner using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The results of this study found that the efforts made by tahfidz Quran teachers in developing Arabic-language communication for students (santri) were carried out using the muhaddatsah (dialogue) method. The dialogue in question is Arabic conversation between teachers and students, as well as between students and students. Thus, fluency and fluency in language make it easier for students to understand the meaning and focus of conversation using Arabic.
|
2022-12-10T09:32:50.234Z
|
227,244,777 |
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"DOI": "10.1371/journal.pone.0241505",
"MAG": "3108706568",
"PubMedCentral": "7703900"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0241505&type=printable"
}
|
Introduction Radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL) occurs during treatment with conventional radiation in multiple organ sites. Development of RIL portends poor prognosis. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) spares RIL in pancreatic cancer, but has not been examined in other sites commonly treated with SBRT. This work examines if SBRT similarly spares RIL in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and methods Retrospective analysis was done at a single institution on 40 distinct cases of SBRT for early stage NSCLC from 2006–2017. Incidentally collected lymphocyte counts collected within 6 months of SBRT treatment were analyzed to determine if RIL occurred. The presence of RIL was correlated with location of initial failure and survival endpoints. Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed with significance defined at the level p < 0.05. Results RIL was observed in 35% of the analyzed patients. Patterns of failure and survival data were comparable to prior SBRT literature. There was no observed association in two year local, nodal, or distant failure, progression free survival, or overall survival based on the presence of RIL. Discussion SBRT spares RIL in NSCLC compared to historical rates observed with conventionally fractionated radiation. As understanding of the role of the immune system in cancer control continues to evolve, the importance of RIL sparing techniques take on increasing importance. This study represents further analysis of RIL sparing in SBRT in an early stage NSCLC cohort without the confounding influence of chemotherapy.
|
2022-12-12T15:31:57.675Z
|
125,152,748 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1063/1.4963864",
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Understanding the hydrodynamic properties of fluid flow in a curving pipe and channel is important for controlling the flow behavior in technologies and biomechanics. The nature of the resulting flow in a bent pipe is extremely complicated because of the presence of a cross-stream secondary flow. In an attempt to disentangle this complexity, we investigate the fluid dynamics in a bent channel via the direct numerical simulation of the Navier-Stokes equation in two spatial dimensions. We exploit the absence of secondary flow from our model and systematically investigate the flow structure along the channel as a function of both the bend angle and Reynolds number of the laminar-to-turbulent regime. We numerically suggest a scaling relation between the shape of the separation bubble and the flow conductance, and construct an integrated phase diagram.
|
2022-12-15T07:12:06.907Z
|
24,391,599 |
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"DOI": "10.1152/AJPRENAL.1991.260.4.F494",
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Renal medullary cells are normally exposed to a variably high extracellular NaCl concentration. They compensate by accumulating large amounts of organic osmolytes, including sorbitol and betaine. The sorbitol is synthesized from glucose, catalyzed by aldose reductase. Previously, inhibition of aldose reductase activity was noted to greatly reduce renal medullary cell survival and growth (measured by cloning efficiency) in tissue cultures of renal medullary cells in hypertonic medium. In contrast, inhibition of aldose reductase and renal medullary sorbitol accumulation is not associated with kidney damage in vivo. In the present experiments we find that addition of betaine to the medium, and its resultant uptake by the cells, largely replaces the decrease in sorbitol caused by aldose reductase inhibitors and restores the cloning efficiency. We presume that in vivo uptake of betaine by renal medullary cells similarly protects them from harm when aldose reductase inhibitors lower sorbitol. The results also demonstrate that one organic osmolyte can substitute for another in protecting cells from hypertonicity, consistent with the compatible osmolytes hypothesis.
|
2022-12-15T15:33:19.593Z
|
118,632,886 |
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"ArXiv": "1502.05674",
"DOI": "10.1103/PHYSREVD.91.104030",
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|
We present the extension of our \cocal~- Compact Object CALculator - code to compute general-relativistic initial data for binary compact-star systems. In particular, we construct quasiequilibrium initial data for equal-mass binaries with spins that are either aligned or antialigned with the orbital angular momentum. The Isenberg-Wilson-Mathews formalism is adopted and the constraint equations are solved using the representation formula with a suitable choice of a Green's function. We validate the new code with solutions for equal-mass binaries and explore its capabilities for a wide range of compactnesses, from a white dwarf binary with compactness $\sim 10^{-4}$, up to a highly relativistic neutron-star binary with compactness $\sim 0.22$. We also present a comparison with corotating and irrotational quasiequilibrium sequences from the spectral code \lorene [Taniguchi and Gourgoulhon, Phys. Rev. D {\bf 66}, 104019 (2002)] and with different compactness, showing that the results from the two codes agree to a precision of the order of $0.05\%$. Finally, we present equilibria for spinning configurations with a nuclear-physics equation of state in a piecewise polytropic representation.
|
2022-12-21T17:54:45.529Z
|
225,564,426 |
{
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"DOI": "10.17163/soph.n29.2020.10",
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"license": "CCBYNCSA",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://sophia.ups.edu.ec/index.php/sophia/article/download/29.2020.10/3997"
}
|
The evaluation of mathematics learning in Higher Secondary Education constitutes a greatchallenge for teachers due to the complexity of their task, in order to achieve meaningful learning fromthe point of view of the learning subject, where it is considered important to revitalize the formativedimension of evaluation to transform their practices in light of contemporary curricular demands.It emphasizes the importance of promoting a culture of evaluation that ensures the developmentof a systematic, rigorous, critical, reflective, and academic decision-making process. The study wasstructured in two moments, the first considers the theoretical foundations that support the teacher’sunderstanding of the formative dimension of the evaluation of student learning, the objectiveof which is aimed at analyzing evaluation practices in the field of math subjects. In the second,interviews and focus groups were applied, where the diversity of criteria issued by the teacherswas considered, on the problems that affect the learning results. In this interpretive framework,some conclusions and implications are offered related to the need to promote a methodologicalchange, as a mechanism that allows redirecting teaching strategies, which support the significance ofknowledge in EMS; It emphasizes the need to strengthen spaces for collegial interaction, from wherean exchange of experiences on evaluation forms is generated, as a viable alternative that conditionsthe understanding and improvement of teaching in high school.
|
2022-01-23T03:46:03.080Z
|
229,195,318 |
{
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"DOI": "10.33872/edufatecie.materialismoepsicologia.cap12",
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|
A educação é um fenômeno próprio dos seres humanos. Isso porque tomamos como premissa que a atividade vital humana é o trabalho, que se explica pela relação de transformação da natureza pelos seres humanos. Assim, o trabalho, em sua acepção ontológica, forma o ser humano, por meio das mediações instituídas a cada novo ser da espécie por aqueles que já constituem o conjunto da humanidade. Ora, humanizar o ser humano é, pois, um processo educativo (SAVIANI, 2007b). Entretanto, se a origem da educação coincide com a própria origem humana, o surgimento da classe dos proprietários e dos não-proprietários cria uma cisão, desde a Antiguidade, entre educação e trabalho (...).
|
2022-02-07T22:59:15.980Z
|
10,134,948 |
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"DOI": "10.1287/opre.2016.1555",
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"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Supply function equilibrium models are used to study electricity market auctions with uncertain demand. We study the effects on the supply function equilibrium of a tax, levied by the system operator, on the observed surplus of producers. Such a tax provides an incentive for producers to alter their offers to avoid the tax. We consider these incentives under both strategic and price-taking assumptions. The model is extended to a setting in which producers are taxed on the benefits accruing to them from a transmission line expansion (a beneficiaries-pay transmission charge). In this setting, we show how this tax may lead to lower prices in equilibrium.
|
2022-11-17T00:59:55.845Z
|
232,208,358 |
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"DOI": "10.1080/10717544.2021.1889721",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "7971338"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10717544.2021.1889721?needAccess=true"
}
|
Abstract We report the formulation of nanoassemblies (NAs) comprising C225 conjugates Gd-PFH-NAs (C-Gd-PFH-NAs) for low-intensity focused ultrasound diagnosis ablation of thyroid cancer. C-Gd-PFH-NAs showed excellent stability in water, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and 20% rat serum. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images also revealed the effective construction of C-Gd-PFH-NAs as common spherical assemblies. The incubation of C625 thyroid carcinoma with C-Gd-PFH-NAs triggers apoptosis, as confirmed by flow cytometry analysis. The C-Gd-PFH-NAs exhibited antitumor efficacy in human thyroid carcinoma xenografts, where histopathological results further confirmed these outcomes. Furthermore, we were able to use low-intensity focused ultrasound diagnosis imaging (LIFUS) to examine the efficiency of C-Gd-PFH-NAs in thyroid carcinoma in vivo. These findings clearly show that the use of LIFUS agents with high performance imaging in different therapeutic settings will have extensive potential for future biomedical applications.
|
2022-12-11T02:08:36.485Z
|
1,245,609 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2174/1567205011666140302200902",
"MAG": "2099068965",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Intraneuronal amyloid-β (iAβ) accumulation has been demonstrated in Alzheimer disease (AD). Although extracellular amyloid plaques composed primarily of aggregated amyloid-β are one of the main pathological features of AD, functional characterization of iAβ is still lacking. In this study, we identified the normal distribution of iAβ through an analysis of hippocampal sections from a series of over 90 subjects with diverse antemortem clinical findings. In addition to AD cases, iAβ in pyramidal neurons was readily and reproducibly demonstrated in the majority of control cases. Similar findings for controls were made across all ages, spanning from infants to the elderly. There was no correlation of iAβ between gender, postmortem interval, or age. While the possible pathophysiological significance of iAβ accumulation in AD remains to be elucidated, careful examination of iAβ found in the normal brain may be informative for determining the biological role of iAβ and how this function changes during disease. Current findings support a physiological role for iAβ in neuronal function over the entire lifespan.
|
2022-12-11T18:22:19.633Z
|
35,896,952 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1074/JBC.M207165200",
"MAG": "1985479541",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
As a result of an alternative exon 1, the gene for human hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase (SULTB1) encodes for two peptides differing only at their amino termini. The SULT2B1b isoform preferentially sulfonates cholesterol. Conversely, the SULT2B1a isoform avidly sulfonates pregnenolone but not cholesterol. The outstanding structural feature that distinguishes the SULT2B1 isoforms from the prototypical SULT2A1 isozyme is the presence of extended amino- and carboxyl-terminal ends in the former. Investigating the functional significance of this unique characteristic reveals that removal of 53 amino acids from the relatively long carboxyl-terminal end that is common to both SULT2B1 isoforms has no effect on the catalytic activity of either isoform. On the other hand, removal of 23 amino acids from the amino-terminal end that is unique to SULT2B1b results in loss of cholesterol sulfotransferase activity, whereas removal of 8 amino acids from the amino-terminal end that is unique to SULT2B1a has no effect on pregnenolone sulfotransferase activity. Deletion analysis along with site-directed mutagenesis of SULT2B1b reveal that the amino acid segment 19–23 residues from the amino terminus and particularly isoleucines at positions 21 and 23 are crucial for cholesterol catalysis. In the gene for SULT2B1, exon 1B encodes for only the unique amino-terminal region of SULT2B1b; however, exon 1A encodes for the unique amino-terminal end of SULT2B1a plus an additional 48 amino acids. Thus, if the gene forSULT2B1 employs exon 1B, cholesterol sulfotransferase is synthesized, whereas if exon 1A is used, pregnenolone sulfotransferase is produced.
|
2022-12-18T10:37:36.037Z
|
96,241,843 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/JA994108U",
"MAG": "1992682614",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Electronic substituent effects may be rationalized in terms of Hammett-like linear relationships between global energy-dependent quantities and local electronic descriptors of reactivity. These linear relationships are framed on a local hard and soft acids and bases (HSAB) principle in accord with previous results reported by Li and Evans [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 7756]. Chemical substitution is indirectly assessed as local responses at the active center of the substrate, with the Fukui function and local softness as the key quantities within the present approach. This model of chemical substitution has a potential advantage with respect to models based on group properties using the electronegativity equalization principle (EEP), since the transferability of group properties is not required. The formalism is illustrated for the gas-phase basicity of alkylamines, and the gas-phase acidity of alkyl alcohols and alkyl thioalcohols. Our results based on the local HSAB rule agree well with those obtained f...
|
2022-12-20T02:54:35.139Z
|
115,177,690 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "1002.0454",
"DOI": "10.1142/S0219025711004407",
"MAG": "2118501616",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We introduced a new algebra of stochastic generalized functions which contains to the space of stochastic distributions G, [25]. As an application, we prove existence and uniqueness of the solution of a stochastic Cauchy problem involving singularities.
|
2022-10-25T13:28:15.986Z
|
30,212,363 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1210/JCEM-7-7-493",
"MAG": "1977826543",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
THE classification of abnormalities of the endocrine and spermatogenic functions of the testes is improving. Until a few years ago, the subject was extremely confused, largely as a result of the inadequacy of the methods of study. Histological studies of testicular biopsies and assays of urine for various hormones has made it possible to isolate several syndromes in which the testicular pathology is the primary abnormality. The present paper gives the clinical, anatomical, and biological characteristics of a new testicular syndrome. Evidence of the existence of a second testicular hormone is strengthened by the observations reported and a specific function for the Sertoli cells is established. Before discussing this new syndrome, it will be helpful to mentionbriefly three relat ed syndromes. 1. In 1942 Klinefelter, Reifenstein, and Albright (16) (see Table I) described a syndrome characterized by gynecomastia, aspermatogenesis without aleydigism, and increased excretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (to...
|
2022-12-29T14:41:54.521Z
|
6,875,331 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3389/fendo.2016.00076",
"MAG": "2463478234",
"PubMedCentral": "4921801"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2016.00076/pdf"
}
|
High-fat diet (HFD) feeding causes insulin resistance (IR) in skeletal muscle of mice, which affects skeletal muscle metabolism and function. The involvement of muscle-specific microRNAs in the evolution of skeletal muscle IR during 4, 8, and 12 weeks in HFD-induced obese mice was investigated. After 4 weeks in HFD, mice were obese, hyperglycemic, and hyperinsulinemic; however, their muscles were responsive to insulin stimuli. Expressions of MyomiRs (miR-1, miR-133a, and miR-206) measured in soleus muscles were not different from those found in control mice. After 8 weeks of HFD feeding, glucose uptake was lower in skeletal muscle from obese mice compared to control mice, and we observed a significant decrease in miR-1a in soleus muscle when compared to HFD for 4 weeks. miR-1a expression continued to decay within time. After 12 weeks of HFD, miR-133a expression was upregulated when compared to the control group. Expression of miR-1a was negatively correlated with glycemia and positively correlated with the constant rate of plasma glucose disappearance. Pioglitazone treatment could not reverse decreases of miR-1a levels induced by HFD. Targets of myomiRs involved in insulin-growth factor (IGF)-1 pathway, such as Igf-1, Irs-1, Rheb, and follistatin, were reduced after 12 weeks in HFD and Mtor increased, when compared to the control or HFD for 4 or 8 weeks. These findings suggest for the first time that miR-1 may be a marker of the development of IR in skeletal muscle. Evidence was also presented that impairment in myomiRs expression contributes to decreased myogenesis and skeletal muscle growth reported in diabetes.
|
2022-12-28T19:49:15.192Z
|
101,239,051 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/chin.198106245",
"MAG": "2345114105",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Oxadiazolium-olate bzw. Thiolate (I) reagieren mit den 1,3-Dipolen (II) uber offenkettige Valenztautomere zu den Triazolidinonen (III).
|
2022-02-10T10:35:31.067Z
|
64,079,503 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18372/2225-5036.22.11101",
"MAG": "2587676159",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.18372/2225-5036.22.11101"
}
|
The problem of cybersecurity in terms of destructive information impact is one of the acute problems in modern societies and the future of high technology. Management systems, as well as information technologies have become highly complex and intensely automated. In the field of public administration and management information critical production level is reinforced by the increased amount of information to be processed, distributed communications intensive, hierarchical systems and the emergence of new vulnerabilities and potential threats. Existing scientific and practical work does not fully take into account the current requirements of regulatory guidance documents on security of distributed and hierarchical control systems make it impossible to take into account the analysis and evaluation of safety management behavior of choice and security needs of society generated new material technology in a society of high technology. On this basis, on the base of historical analysis of transformation of the basic going near a privy, which is used managements, the adaptive going is offered near a construction hierarchical four levels of the system of cybersecurity: from providing of cybersecurity of informative packages and information to providing of safety of matrices of values and pictures of vision of the world. Futures papers will relate to methods of realization of approaches development for providing formed in this paper.
|
2022-02-11T13:31:41.822Z
|
30,123,401 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1377/hlthaff.6.1.202",
"MAG": "2013779879",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Publishing at its best can be a lively dialogue between a journal's authors and readers. We encourage your responses to what you will be reading in future issues of Health Affairs.
|
2022-02-12T12:57:00.441Z
|
237,791,609 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.51889/2021-2.1728-5461.16",
"MAG": "3177593958",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://bulletin-histsocpolit.kaznpu.kz/index.php/ped/article/download/449/457/1426"
}
|
In this article consider about the scientific contribution of Ch.Ch. Valikhanov to the Turkic epic studies, about his study of the epic culture of the Turks of Central Asia, Southern Siberia and the North Caucasus. The main place in it is devoted to the language, style and genre of the epic of the Turkic peoples, their poetic forms and their art of speech. The purpose of the article is to reveal the views and methodological approaches of the scientist in the light of the current oral theory of Parry-Lord, to identify their prospects and productivity. The practical value of the article comes from the scientific effectiveness of the works and ideas of the scientist in his analysis of oral poetic forms of folklore, stylistics and aesthetics. The main method of Ch.Ch. Valikhanov is holistic, that is, a view "from within the tradition itself" in its living process. This method did not exclude the comparative-historical, typological, systematic method, the method of analysis and revealed great prospects in the scientific study of the oral epic of the Turkic nations. The main conclusion of this article is that the first professional orientalist, ethnographer, historian, linguist Ch.Ch. Valikhanov is the founder of classical Turkic epic studies, the first collector and original commentator of its best samples. He brilliantly foresaw many directions of modern topical oral theory and world folklore and deeply understood the unique nature of the ancient Steppe knowledge, the mighty oral epic of the Turks of the North Caucasus, Southern Siberia, Central and Central Asia. For the first time, this integral epic Turkic tradition is described by him in all the genre and species richness. The historical and ethnographic approach of the scientist to the analysis of the epic art of the Turkic peoples is of valuable practical importance for oral theory and the humanities. Keywords: poetic form, oral Parry-Lord theory, tradition, formula style, Turkic epic, Steppe knowledge, initial foundations.
|
2022-01-27T04:05:19.645Z
|
154,915,652 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/1065912909359404",
"MAG": "2084113728",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This article tests two competing theories of the relationship between piety and redistributive preferences in the Muslim world. The first, drawn from the new political economy of religion, holds that more pious individuals of any faith should oppose redistributive economic policies. The second, drawn from Islamic scripture, holds that pious Muslims should favor more redistributive economic policies. Employing survey data from twenty-five countries, the authors find that there is no clear relationship between piety and redistributive preferences among Muslims. The authors find that more pious Muslims are less likely to favor government efforts to eliminate income inequality, but they find only inconsistent evidence that more pious Muslims support governments taking responsibility for the well-being of the poor. The findings offer little evidence to suggest that either scriptural or organizational factors unique to Islam create distinct economic policy preferences.
|
2022-09-14T01:07:41.132Z
|
32,476,066 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1152/ajpregu.00163.2008",
"MAG": "2112504585",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Evidence suggests that the prenatal nutritional environment influences the risk of developing obesity, a major health problem worldwide. It is hypothesized that fetal nutrition influences the developing neuroendocrine hypothalamus, the integrative control center for postnatal energy balance regulation. The present aim was to determine whether relevant hypothalamic genes are expressed in midgestation and whether they are nutritionally (glucose) sensitive at this time. Hypothalami from a cohort of 81-day singleton sheep fetuses, with varying glycemia by virtue of maternal dietary and/or growth hormone treatment, were subject to in situ hybridization analysis for primary orexigenic, anorexigenic, and related receptor genes (term = 147 days, n = 24). Neuropeptide Y, agouti-related peptide, proopiomelanocortin (POMC), cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART), and insulin receptor mRNAs were all localized in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) of all fetuses, whereas leptin receptor mRNA was expressed more abundantly in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus. ARC expression levels of POMC and CART genes, but none of the other genes, were positively correlated with fetal plasma glucose concentrations. Therefore, key central components of adult energy balance regulation were already present as early as midgestation (equivalent to 22 wk in humans), and two anorexigenic components were upregulated by elevated glycemia. Such changes provide a potential mechanism for the prenatal origins of postnatal energy balance dysregulation and obesity.
|
2022-12-09T03:46:26.676Z
|
125,776,350 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/pssb.201700482",
"MAG": "2775888722",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The study revealed that the nature of the AlN (0001) surface could play a fundamental role in the growth mode of metals. In the case of silver (Ag) deposited on the AlN(0001) (2×2)‐Nad reconstructed surface, the growth mode was Volmer–Weber. Deposition of indium (In) on a contaminated AlN(0001) surface leads to the formation of a wetting layer, followed by a 3D growth mode. For magnesium (Mg), a wetting layer was observed on the clean and contaminated surface followed by a 2D growth mode. Finally, the Au case was the most interesting since on the contaminated surface and the (2×2)‐Nad reconstructed surface, the growth mode was 3D and 2D, respectively, without the formation of a wetting layer. The Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) study allowed to get qualitative and quantitative information about the work function of cluster and islands observed for the different metals on the AlN(0001) surface.
|
2022-12-11T19:51:51.186Z
|
11,651,057 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/jbm.a.35017",
"MAG": "1922989947",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4182937?pdf=render"
}
|
The careful scrutiny of drug delivery systems is essential to evaluate and justify their potential for the clinic. Among the various studies necessary for preclinical testing, the impact of degradation is commonly overlooked. In this article, we investigate the effect of fabrication (porosity and nucleation layer) and environment (buffer and pH) factors on the degradation kinetics of multistage nanovectors (MSV) composed of porous silicon. The degradation by-products of MSV were exposed to endothelial cells and analyzed for detrimental effects on cellular internalization, architecture, proliferation, and cell cycle. Increases in porosity resulted in accelerated degradation exhibiting smaller-sized particles at comparable times. Removal of the nucleation layer (thin layer of small pores formed during the initial steps of etching) triggered a premature collapse of the entire central porous region of MSV. Variations in buffers prompted a faster degradation rate yielding smaller MSV within faster time frames, whereas increases in pH stimulated erosion of MSV and thus faster degradation. In addition, exposure to these degradation by-products provoked negligible impact on the proliferation and cell cycle phases on primary endothelial cells. In this study, we propose methods that lay the foundation for future investigations toward understanding the impact of the degradation of drug delivery platforms.
|
2022-12-12T23:27:11.357Z
|
230,645,305 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18572/1813-1247-2020-10-27-29",
"MAG": "3112888541",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.18572/1813-1247-2020-10-27-29"
}
|
Some problematic issues that arise at the junctions of various branches of law in the process of interaction between state authorities and local self-government bodies of closed administrative-territorial entities (ZATO) in the Russian Federation are considered. Successfully applying the methods of dialectical logic and analysis, as well as the general theory of social and legal constructions, the author substantiates and proposes a set of practical organizational and legal measures that can improve the quality of cooperation between the municipal authorities of ZATOs and public administration bodies, as well as solve specific problematic issues arising in the process this cooperation in various fields of activity.
|
2022-01-27T11:36:26.720Z
|
223,136,995 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-7600.2007.07.003",
"MAG": "3031815853",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
目的 探讨应用附加钢板治疗髓内钉固定后肥大型骨不连的方法及临床疗效.方法 1998年1月～2005年8月,应用交锁髓内钉治疗长骨干骨折386例,其中7例出现肥大型骨不连,男5例,女2例;年龄21～48岁,平均32.6岁.发生部位:肱骨2例,胫骨1例,股骨4例.2例开放性骨折,5例闭合性骨折,受伤至骨不连手术时间平均为9.5个月(6～18个月).钢板置于骨干旁侧偏前或偏后,螺钉经髓内钉旁穿至对侧骨皮质,骨折两端各用2～3枚螺钉固定.对骨折间隙大于0.5 cm者行自体髂骨植骨,小于0.5 cm者予植入固髂生.结果 7例患者均在术后4～10个月(平均7个月)出现骨性愈合.X线片显示连续性骨痂通过骨折线或骨折线消失.无感染、内固定断裂及松动等并发症发生.结论 通过附加钢板改善骨折局部的稳定性是纠正肥大型骨不连的有效方法.该方法简便、损伤小、花费少、疗效确实,是治疗髓内钉固定后肥大型骨不连的可靠方法。
|
2022-02-08T00:42:06.721Z
|
103,715,932 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1039/C7JA00250E",
"MAG": "2757591145",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Precise isotope ratio measurements in the nuclear field often require hyphenation of separation techniques with multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS). Among these separation techniques, electrokinetic methods are very interesting as they use the lowest sample volumes and produce the least amount of radioactive waste. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performances when coupling electrokinetic techniques with MC-ICPMS for measuring isotope ratios of Nd, an element of interest for nuclear purposes. During data acquisition along the elution peak, an isotope ratio drift was observed and studied. In order to discriminate the drift induced by the MC-ICPMS detectors, the raw data of the isotope signals were corrected by taking into account the difference of time response of the Faraday cup amplifiers. An isotopic mass-dependent fractionation induced by the electrokinetic separation was then highlighted. Some of the parameters were modified (i.e., the length of the capillary and the external pressure) to evaluate their impact on the amplitude of fractionation. Finally, the measurement performances were evaluated for all the isotope ratios. The reproducibility obtained was lower than 0.2‰ regardless of the considered Nd isotope ratio with only 0.5 ng of injected Nd.
|
2022-02-10T09:09:48.268Z
|
35,392,668 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1073/PNAS.72.6.2442",
"MAG": "2013959371",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Bovine 6S procarboxypeptidase A can be dissociated into its three subunits by acylation with dimethyl maleic anhydride. The deacylated subunits are obtained in a largely native form due to instability of the bonds to dimethyl maleate at pH values near neutrality. The seven first residues of subunit III are identical to residues 18-24 of bovine chymotrypsinogen B and very similar with the same residues in bovine chymotrypsinogen A and C (subunit II) and also in proelastase A of the African lungfish. Therefore, this subunit is likely to be a chymotrypsinogen or proelastase-A-like zymogen which has lost the ability to be activated on account of a deletion of the N-terminal residues from half-cystine 1 to valine 17. Like other pancreatic zymogens, subunit III appears to possess a weakly functional active site.
|
2022-10-07T00:27:07.922Z
|
249,588,249 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3182120",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Future wireless communication networks can benefit from Unmanned Aerial Base Stations (UABSs) to provide enhanced capacity to ground users (GU) in large and remote locations. Connecting UABSs to the terrestrial network presents several challenges, such as the limited gain traditional antennas need to maintain suitable wireless links between the core network, UABS, and GU. A convenient solution is to use MaMIMO (Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output) since it improves spectral and energy efficiency, thus providing high data rates while reducing power consumption. This paper proposes a Multi-user MIMO (MuMIMO) model for UABS aided networks to increase service range and served capacity. It uses hybrid beamforming and beamsteering on Terrestrial Base Stations (TBSs) and UABSs to grant access to mobile GU in a bicycle race scenario. Results show that using the mobile operators’ locations will benefit the backhaul network’s performance by duplicating the capacity compared to using a private operator. Furthermore, user coverage increases by 400% if MuMIMO is used, compared to a single beam MaMIMO network. The proposed scenario could achieve a channel efficiency of 6.5 bit/s/Hz in the access network and 8.6 bit/s/Hz in the backhaul network. Finally, the average UABS transmitted power is reduced by 2/3, increasing the number of used beams.
|
2022-12-10T08:54:44.614Z
|
217,008,637 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.36488/cmac.2018.2.156-160",
"MAG": "3001254228",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://cmac-journal.ru/en/publication/2018/2/cmac-2018-t20-n2-p156/cmac-2018-t20-n2-p156.pdf"
}
|
Objective. To evaluate epidemiological efficacy of the 10valent pneumococcal conjugated vaccine (PCV10) as assessed by the number of episodes of respiratory tract and ENT diseases and by the number of antibiotic courses prescribed for those diseases in children under 5 years of age in Barnaul. Materials and methods. At the end of 2016, a total of 312 children under 60 months of age were enrolled into a retrospective cohort epidemiological study and divided into 2 cohorts (156 children each). The first cohort consisted of the children who received at least 2 doses of PCV10; the second cohort consisted of the agematched children who didn’t receive any pneumococcal vaccines. Reporting and assessment of any episodes of acute respiratory diseases, rhinitis, tonsillitis, adenoiditis, pharyngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, acute otitis media, and sinusitis as well as any antibiotic courses administered for those conditions were performed in the both cohorts by a review of the children’s medical records. The quartile method was used to assess data distribution. The differences in the incidence of respiratory tract and ENT diseases and antibiotic consumption between the two cohorts were assessed using chisquare test. Results. Comparative analysis of morbidity and incidence of antibiotic prescriptions showed significant differences between vaccinated and nonvaccinated children (p<0.05). The PCV10 efficacy as assessed by reduction in the number of antibiotic courses was 52.7% (95% CI: 43.761.6) and reduction in the incidence of the respiratory tract and ENT diseases was 34.1% (95% CI: 31.137.0). Conclusions. The use of PCV10 in children is associated with reduced incidence of respiratory tract and ENT diseases and reduced antibiotic consumption administered for those diseases. Цель. Оценить эпидемиологическую эффективность 10валентной пневмококковой конъюгирован ной вакцины (ПКВ10) по количеству случаев заболеваний органов дыхания и ЛОРорганов, а также по количеству курсов антибиотиков, назначенных для лечения данных заболеваний, у детей в воз расте до 5 лет в городе Барнауле. Материалы и методы. В конце 2016 г. в рамках ретроспективного когортного эпидемиологическо го исследования было набрано 2 группы, каждая по 156 детей в возрасте до 60 месяцев (всего 312 детей). Первая группа включала в себя детей, получивших минимум 2 дозы ПКВ10; вторая группа – детей такого же возраста, не получавших никакой пневмококковой вакцины. В обеих группах по данным медицинской документации проводилась оценка и регистрация каждого случая ОРЗ, ринита, тонзиллита, аденоидита, фарингита, трахеита, бронхита, пневмонии, острого средне го отита, синусита и их сочетаний, а также назначенных курсов антибиотиков для лечения данных заболеваний. Для оценки распределения данных использовался метод квартилей. Достоверность различий в частоте заболеваний и частоте назначений антибиотиков между анализируемыми груп пами оценивалась с помощью критерия хиквадрат. Результаты. Сравнительный анализ частоты исследуемых заболеваний и частоты назначений кур сов антибиотиков с помощью критерия хиквадрат показал достоверные различия между привиты ми и непривитыми детьми (p<0,05). Эффективность вакцинации ПКВ10 в данной популяции детей в отношении сокращения количества назначенных курсов антибиотиков составила 52,7% (95% ДИ: 43,761,6), в отношении сокращения количества случаев исследуемых заболеваний – 34,1% (95% ДИ: 31,137,0). Выводы. Применение ПКВ10 снижает заболеваемость болезнями органов дыхания и ЛОРорганов, а также потребление антибиотиков, назначаемых для лечения данных заболеваний. Контактный адрес: Юлия Анатольевна Козянова Эл. почта: ykozyanova@yandex.ru
|
2022-12-17T12:35:59.951Z
|
31,385,187 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICCE.2007.341311",
"MAG": "2155867048",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Human activity recognition should be the key technology that lets computer interact with people and bring them into an intellectual, secure and comfortable life style. In this digest, we propose an alternative method using two-dimensional distance sensors to track people, analyze their postures, and recognize their activities based on the proposed theorems and algorithms.
|
2022-12-19T23:24:13.217Z
|
219,420,389 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/1742-6596/1515/5/052031",
"MAG": "3024999759",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1515/5/052031"
}
|
This article describes a digital method for an adaptive motion control of single-degree-of-freedom object according to a given movement function on condition that external low-frequency mechanical load can be changed arbitrarily. It is proposed to simulate an external load acting on a controlled object to predict its dynamic behavior. The external load model is determined by a set of coefficients that represent the partial derivatives of the load as a function of time and spatial coordinate. These coefficients are calculated using feedback data obtained at previous moments of the movement of the controlled object. The maximum order of derivatives in a model is called the model order. The structures of zero-, first-, and second-order models are given, including the practically important case of digital measurements of the angle of rotation of the steered shaft. The article also discusses the main practical problems associated with the calculation of model coefficients and their subsequent use to control the facility.
|
2022-12-19T19:09:36.649Z
|
30,105,033 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1517/14728222.2015.1068759",
"MAG": "1898716088",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Introduction: Proteoglycans are critical molecules involved in multiple physiological cell functions, but also key players in cancer development and progression. In particular, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) is recognized as an attractive target for antibody-based approaches because of its high expression on cancer cells in several types of human malignancies and its restricted distribution in normal tissues. Areas covered: Adoptive transfer of genetically modified T cells is emerging as a powerful therapeutic approach in cancer patients. In this regard, the selection of the appropriate antigen to be targeted in solid tumors becomes a critical aspect in promoting potent antitumor effects while preventing toxicities. This review summarizes the authors’ current knowledge on the expression and function of CSPG4 in normal tissues and malignant tumors, with a particular focus on the potential use of CSPG4 as a target for antigen-specificity redirected T cells. Expert opinion: T cells expressing a CSPG4-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) offer the possibility to target a broad spectrum of solid tumors for which no curative treatment is currently available. In addition, since CSPG4 is also selectively up-regulated on tumor-associated pericytes, targeting this antigen may also contribute to tumor regression via inhibition of neoangiogenesis. Preclinical experiments to date justify the clinical translation of CSPG4-specific CAR-T cells.
|
2022-09-09T12:29:24.888Z
|
17,095,658 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1145/2493394.2493427",
"MAG": "2071128150",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
How do computer science and engineering IT students become computer scientists or IT engineers and how do they perceive their engagement in the discipline as meaningful? What is the role of education in this respect, and how does education support or hinder students' identity development? A research project is described, that addresses these questions by studying students' development throughout their first three years in university. Data is collected from students of two study programs at Uppsala University, "Computer Science" and "Engineering IT". It is an explorative study as previous research is sparse. Outcomes are insights into identity development as well as a theoretical framework and research instruments.
|
2022-09-20T13:22:32.979Z
|
253,023,912 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3389/fspas.2022.1025368",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2022.1025368/pdf"
}
|
During the first few years of observing the Sun with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), the scientific community has acquired a number of observational datasets targeting various structures in active regions, including sunspot umbra and penumbra, active region pores, and plages. In this paper we review the results obtained from the extensive analysis of these interferometric millimeter data, together with the coordinated observations from IRIS, SDO, IBIS, and Hinode, that reveal information on the chromospheric thermal structure above active regions and properties of small-scale heating events near magnetic field concentrations. We discuss the properties of waves (especially the three-minute oscillations) in sunspots, plage, and network. We speculate how high-resolution millimeter data can supplement spectral line observations in the visible and UV and can improve chromospheric spectroscopic inversions. We identify challenges in the interpretation of the millimeter continuum emission due to the complex, non-local and time-dependent processes that determine the electron density through the chromosphere. Finally we overview the prospects for future active regions observations with ALMA during the ascending phase of the solar cycle.
|
2022-10-28T00:15:41.601Z
|
252,515,003 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.7759/cureus.29501",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "9588298"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.cureus.com/articles/108177-effect-of-mobile-phone-call-reminders-with-standard-therapy-versus-standard-therapy-alone-on-compliance-with-iron-supplementation-in-antenatal-women-with-iron-deficiency-anemia-a-randomized-controlled-trial.pdf"
}
|
Introduction In spite of the implementation of the National nutritional anemia prophylaxis program in India, the prevalence of anemia during pregnancy is 50 in 100 women. One main cause for the high frequency of anemia among antenatal women in India is a lack of iron consumption. Few studies are available in the literature where efforts have been made to improve compliance with iron therapy. In the same line of thinking, it was decided in the present study to use mobile phone calls as a reminder for iron tablets. Method The present study is a randomized controlled open-label trial. Antenatal women with gestational age between 13-28 weeks of pregnancy diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia (Hb - 8 to 11 gm/dl) having mobile phones were included in the study. Recruited women were randomized into two groups of study groups receiving standard therapy with the addition of fortnightly mobile phone call reminders and a control group receiving standard therapy alone. Results Compliance with iron supplementation was observed higher in the study group as compared to the control group (range of 48% to 93%). There was a mean hemoglobin rise in both the groups at the time of delivery compared with the hemoglobin at the time of recruitment (Study group- 9.74 to 10.69, Control group- 9.48 to 10.06). There was a statistically higher (0.00001) increase in the mean hemoglobin concentration in the study group (0.96 gm/dl) as compared to the control group (0.59 gm/dl). The reasons for poor compliance were boredom with taking daily oral iron therapy (66.66%), constipation (3.7%), forgetfulness (14.81%), and heartburn (14.81%). There was no statistical difference in the reason for poor compliance with iron supplementation in both groups. Conclusion The present study concludes that mobile phone call reminders along with standard therapy with iron supplementation improve compliance with iron supplementation and lead to a greater rise in hemoglobin in antenatal women with iron deficiency anemia.
|
2022-11-04T00:29:09.149Z
|
32,191,940 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2307/3657452",
"MAG": "2402479241",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://openyls.law.yale.edu/bitstream/20.500.13051/9470/2/55_112YaleLJ1545_April2003_.pdf"
}
|
When Lori Driver, an anti-abortion activist, learned that Lisa Smith' was scheduled to have an abortion the following day, Driver looked up Smith's telephone number and left her two telephone messages. Smith did not return Driver's calls, so Driver stepped up her efforts, going to Smith's house and leaving anti-abortion literature and a plastic model of a fetus on her doorstep. The next morning, the day of Smith's scheduled abortion, Driver left a message on her answering machine, asking her parents to call about a medical emergency involving their daughter. When Smith arrived at the clinic for her appointment, a protestor called out to her by name and accused her of murdering her baby. An unknown caller left a message for Smith at the clinic that Smith's parents knew about her plan and were distraught. Meanwhile, a clinic representative called Driver's number pretending to be Smith's father returning her message, and the person at the other end informed him that Smith had gone in for an abortion.2
|
2022-11-25T00:26:07.466Z
|
98,683,589 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/J.1151-2916.1983.TB10533.X",
"MAG": "2112942390",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The dc conductivities (σ) of V2O5-P2O5 glasses containing up to 30 mol% TiO2 were measured at T=100° to ∼10°C below the glass-transition temperature. Dielectric constants from 30 to 106 Hz, densities, and the fraction of reduced V ion were measured at room temperature. The conduction mechanism was considered to be small polaron hopping between V ions, as previously reported for V2O5-P2O5 glass. The temperature dependence of σ was exponential with σ=σ0exp(-W/kT) in the high-temperature range. When part of the P2O5 was replaced by TiO2,σ increased and W decreased. The hopping energy depended on the reciprocal dielectric constant which, in this case, increased with increasing TiO2 content.
|
2022-12-04T00:16:46.146Z
|
134,878,324 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15626/ECO-TECH.2014.014",
"MAG": "2766537148",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
There exists huge number of old landfills and dumps located close to the rivers and lakes in the Baltic Sea Region as well as the Baltic Sea itself. The main risks from landfills are water pollution from leachate and global greenhouse effect from methane emissions as well as effects on human health. Landfill excavation and land remediation are potential methods for treatment of waste from old landfills. Excavation of a landfill might be interesting in order to recover valuable materials from the landfill, save cost for final coverage of the landfill and aftercare. The research project “Closing the Life Cycle of Landfills Landfill Mining in the Baltic Sea Region for future” sponsored by the Swedish Institute includes studies of excavations of landfills in Baltic Sea Region. It is well known, that landfills contribute to a major extent in the dumping of hazardous substances and the reclamation of such landfills is essential for the sustainable development of the environment. Through the approach used solutions for the remediation/prevention of water and soil pollution and for land reclamation is shown. The resource recovery is one of the beneficial areas of generating revenue for the success of excavation projects. In present paper three landfill mining excavations are presented and in particular with focus on the machinery used. The full-scale excavation is presented from the Estonian Kudjape Landfill, Högbytorp landfill and Vika landfill in Sweden.
|
2022-12-03T14:52:41.958Z
|
85,515,454 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/acs.jcim.8b00987",
"MAG": "2941697662",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc8577280?pdf=render"
}
|
Designing organic saccharide sensors for use in aqueous solution is a nontrivial endeavor. Incorporation of hydrogen bonding groups on a sensor's receptor unit to target saccharides is an obvious strategy but not one that is likely to ensure analyte-receptor interactions over analyte-solvent or receptor-solvent interactions. Phenylboronic acids are known to reversibly and covalently bind saccharides (diols in general) with highly selective affinity in aqueous solution. Therefore, recent work has sought to design such sensors and understand their mechanism for allowing fluorescence with bound saccharides. In past work, binding orientations of several saccharides were determined to dimethylaminomethylphenylboronic acid (DMPBA) receptors with an anthracene fluorophore; however, the binding orientation of d-fructose to such a sensor could not be determined. In this work, we investigate the potential binding modes by generating 20 possible bidentate and six possible tridentate modes between fructose and DMPBA, a simplified receptor model. Gas phase and implicit solvent geometry optimizations, with a myriad functional/basis set pairs, were carried out to identify the lowest energy bidentate and tridentate binding modes of d-fructose to DMPBA. An interesting hydrogen transfer was observed during selected bidentate gas phase optimizations; this transfer suggests a strong sharing of the hydrogen atom between the boronate hydroxyl and amine nitrogen.
|
2022-12-31T18:16:49.209Z
|
147,389,587 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4172/2469-9837.1000149",
"MAG": "2268500497",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Here are nearly 50,000 reasons for me to keep the needs of our service members closest to my heart and on the front burner in my mind as well as front and center in the public square. One of the heroes who gave his life is Staff SGT James M. Malachowski, USMC. He was 25 when he died in the Helmand Province, Afghanistan. He was in 2nd BN, 8th Mar. Regiment, II Marine Div. II Marine Expeditionary force, based in Camp Lejeune, NC. I picked his name out of the list of heroes because I have two powerful links to the II Marines and Camp Lejeune. 1. I am father of USMC Officer who saw action in the Al Anbar Province when the II Mar Div. took over this totally broken down region. (2006-2007) and 2. The Spearhead Insignia which was a shoulder patch when it was introduced during action in Pacific theater relates very well to the Surname of our family namely Velandy which is a Tamil word meaning bearer of the Spear. The Hindu deity who is referred to as Velandy is revered especially in South India and Sri Lanka. This deity is both a scholar and warrior who like Pericles lead the forces of Good to a great triumph over the forces of evil. I could hardly contain myself and felt extremely gratified when I fully appreciated this link between our Surname Velandy- the Spear bearer and the Spear head Symbol of the II Marine Division. This Division stabilized the once deadly and desperately chaotic region of Iraq- the vast badlands of the Al. Anbar province a couple of years ago and handed over control to the Iraqis.
|
2022-02-09T05:26:55.720Z
|
7,219,691 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/bmj.2.991.1018",
"MAG": "2078675963",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc2241051?pdf=render"
}
|
she always turned it downwards towards the chin; and, when an effort was made to turn the tip upwards, she could not touch the skin of the tpper lip at all. The tip, indeed, could only be very slightly directed apwards, so as to reach the mucous membrane of the upper lip. The sense of hearing seemed altogether unchanged; she experienced no undue sensitiveness to noise, and no abnormal acuteness of hearing. The voice was slightly nasal in tone; the labial consonants p and b could not be pronounced; o and a seemed to be articulated fairly enough, but, of course, without movement of the lips. She stated that for the first day or two, everything had had a saltish taste, but that this had passed off, and that there was now nothing particular in her sense of taste. She was tested, when blindfolded, with solutions of salt, sugar, quinine, tartaric acid, aloes, and other substances of a pronounced taste; and it was found that there was no diminution or perversion of taste; on the contrary, the perception of gustatory impressions seemed very prompt and decided, rather above the average in acuteness, and certainly was keener than in several of the students who assisted in the investigation. On examination of the electro-muscular excitability, it was found that no muscular contractions could be produced by the induced current applied directly over the muscles, and used up to a strength which was smartly painful, and a good deal in excess of what caused vigorous contractions in the forearms and on the faces of some of the assistants. Nor could contractions be produced by exciting the nerve near its emergence at the stylo-mastoid foramen. With the voltaic current, however, it was quite different; the poles of a small battery, composed of four small pairs of Stohrer's elements, excited smart contractions when the current was slowly interrupted. Excitation of the nerve by the voltaic current had no effect whatever. The treatment consisted in galvanisation of the muscles, and subsequently in the employment of the induced current. Blancard's pills were also given. Voluntary power gradually returned; first to the side originally affected; afterwards, and more imperfectly, to that which had been last paralysed. Excitability under the induced current did not return till some time after a certain degree of voluntary power had been regained. REMARKS.-This case seems to raise some questions of considerable importance in relation to the pathology of the facial nerve. The involvement of the palatine muscles is generally held to indicate distinctly that the nerve is affected as high up as its geniculation. Physiologists are pretty well agreed that the connection of the facial with the inrnervation of the palate is made by some motor fibres which pass from the geniculate ganglion through the great superficial petrosal to the spheno-palatine ganglion, although it seems somewhat doubtful what are the exact muscles which thus receive their motor supply. When the morbid condition of the nerve reaches a point so high as this, it is usually regarded as pretty certain that the sense of taste will be in some degree impaired or rendered less prompt, in consequence of the fibres of the chorda tympani in the facial trunk suffering as regards their power of conduction. The relations of the chorda tympani to the sense of taste have been somewhat differently explained by physiologists. Claude Bernard supposed that the paralysis of the motor fibres in this nerve led to a deficient erection of the papillke of the tongue, and so prevented proper contact between them and the sapid substances which might be applied to them. Schiff is of opinion, however, that gustatory fibres pass along the chorda tympani in a centripetal direction, reach the trunk of the facial, and thence pass probably by the great superficial petrosal nerve to the spheno-palatine ganglion, and ultimately to the superior maxillary division of the fifth nerve. So far as this case goes, it indicates that the sense of taste is not dependent in any appreciable degree on the integrity of the chorda tympani. Next as to the sense of hearing: Roux was the first to direct attention to this, having noticed it in himself when suffering from facial paralysis; and it was afterwards made the subject of an elaborate paper by Landouzy. It has been said that an unusual susceptibility to noises, or an abnormal power of hearing musical notes, is present in a considerable number of cases of facial paralysis. This has been variously explained: by Brown-Sequard, as the result of hyperaesthesia of the auditory nerve from paralvsis of its blood-vessels, causing hyperaemia; by Longet, by paralysis of the tensor tympani, which he supposes to be supplied by a branch from the facial, allowing the membrane to enter into undue and excessive vibrations; and, more recently, by Lucae and Hitzig, who refer the phenomenon to paralysis of the stapedius muscle, and resulting overaction of the tensor tympani. Now, not only was this symptom absent as far as regards undue sensibility to loud noises in this case, but it was also absent in every case of facial paralysis that I have 'seen for many years; and I have carefully examined a number of cases with special reference to this question. The singular kind of susceptibility to electrical excitation by the voltaic current when the induced has no effect was first pointed out by Halli and Baierlacher, and has been called by Erb, rather unhappily, the " reaction of degeneration". It coincides in point of time with, and is probably caused by, incipient changes in the muscle. Neumann has suggested that muscles which have undergone a certain degree of pathological change lose the power of reacting to currents of very short duration, while they react more intensely to currents of longer duration. Even a strong voltaic current will not, he says, cause a reaction if its duration be only momentary. It was very remarkable how, as improvement took place, this exaggerated sensibility to the voltaic current gradually diminished; and how, even after a certain degree of power of voluntary motion had been attained, no contractions could be induced by a pretty strong electro-nmagnetic machine. Finally, a point of the highest practical importance, as indicating the line which should be followed in dealing with affections of this nature, is the determination of the nature of the morbid process in such cases. Is it merely functional disturbance, or congestion, or of the nature of inflammation? The way in which the effect of a peripheral morbid impression ascends along the continuity of the nerve would seem to point to something of an inflammatory character; but we have as yet obtainled no certain data from post mortem examination to enable us to do more than guess at this most important question.
|
2022-02-13T09:15:31.575Z
|
27,875,182 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1177/01939450122045618",
"MAG": "1964392868",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The title of this symposium, “The Anthropology of Nurse Anthropologists,” is ambiguous. One interpretation of the title could be that its intent is to center on the nurses who are anthropologists. What are their social structure, social organization, physical characteristics, language, modal personality, and so on? I have chosen to interpret the purpose of this symposium to be “What kind of anthropology do nurses do?” This afternoon we are the key informants, demonstrating intracultural variation among “founding parents.” This variation comes from individual psychohistories and cultural history. As in other cultures, we informants are likely to be marginal to our particular groups, nursing, anthropology, and nursing science. The anthropologist who is a nurse may be bicultural in knowledge of the content of two separate systems, biomedicine and anthropology, bilingual in the ideolects of these systems, but marginal to both fields. Despite the criterial attribute of the anthropology Ph.D., the nurse who teaches nursing may also be perceived as marginal to anthropology. Finally, the nurse who is an anthropologist is evaluated as marginal to other nurse scientists. Numbers, which come from subjective decisions in perception, interpretation, and categorization, are reified in the sciences that are favored by funds. Today, I will celebrate our marginality. Anthropology has been described as the most humane of the sciences and the most scientific of the humanities. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how basic humanities research can help to describe and predict the care that women give to themselves and their families. It narrates a personal journey. As a nurse, I have been interested in what women do to take care of their families and themselves. As an anthropologist, I learned to ask questions that could reveal this domestic care. I first saw the potential for applying anthropology to health care before ever undertaking graduate work. As a student in public health nursing in San Francisco, and afterward as a visiting nurse in New York City, I learned that
|
2022-02-12T15:13:40.069Z
|
55,799,352 |
{
"externalids": {
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"DOI": "10.36334/modsim.2011.e16.eide",
"MAG": "2739927378",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2011.e16.eide"
}
|
Increased knowledge on the spatial distribution of targeted species makes it possible for the fishers to actively approaching fish dense areas, targeting fish stock characterised by non-uniform distribution. Improved fish finding technology and biological knowledge about fish behaviour and migration pattern, contribute in enhancing clever fishing. This paper investigates the limits of smart fishing by presenting a harvest model which includes a smartness parameter, representing the ability to identify the most fish dense areas of the total fish distribution area. The harvest model interacts with a fish population model where growth and distribution is represented by simple cellular automata rules. The finding indicates that smart fishing may contribute to improve stock conservation when the smartness parameter becomes sufficiently high, while a uniform distribution of fishing effort may cause stock collapse and depletion at relatively low fishing efforts. Efficient fish finding techniques could therefore be a possible tool in fish conservation, reducing the fishing mortality in the less fish dense areas, rather than a threat to the resource, since the fishing activity always will be constrained by the economic condition wherein it takes place. A 2D cellular automata model for the spatial distribution and growth of a fish population is presented. An open access fishery, targeting the species, is assumed to take place in the area and all harvest is landed in a single port within the defined area. The fishery is only restricted by biological and economic constraints made up by the population dynamics, prices and cost of fishing. The latter also includes an increasing cost due to increasing distance between the fishing area and the port. The cellular automata model of biological growth and distribution presented in this paper is inspired of some features of the Northeast Arctic Cod stock fishery, but the modelling exercise does not claim to be a reflect this fishery, rather presenting a possible implementation of cellular automata techniques in seasonal fisheries on migrating stocks. Numerical examples are provided to indicate how fishers behaviour and fish finding ability affect economic results and biological processes in open access fisheries.
|
2022-09-05T05:40:46.093Z
|
123,077,010 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1117/12.2001826",
"MAG": "2076519748",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Owing to its simplicity, lensless imaging system is adept at continuous monitoring of adherent cells inside the incubator. The setup consists of a CMOS sensor with pixel pitch of 2.2 μm and field of view of 24 mm2, LED with a dominating wavelength of 525 nm, along with a pinhole of 150 μm as the source of illumination. The in-line hologram obtained from cells depends on the degree of cell-substrate adhesion. Drastic difference is observed between the holographic patterns of floating and adherent cells. In addition, the well-established fact of reduction of cell-substrate contact during cell division is observed with our system based on corresponding spontaneous transition in the holographic pattern. Here, we demonstrate that by recognizing this specific holographic pattern, number of cells undergoing mitosis in a cell culture with a population of approximately 5000 cells, can be estimated in real-time. The method is assessed on comparison with Edu-based proliferation assay. The approach is straightforward and it eliminates the use of markers to estimate the proliferation rate of a given cell culture. Unlike most proliferation assays, the cells are not harvested enabling continuous monitoring of cell culture.
|
2022-09-09T08:43:02.787Z
|
84,160,550 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/J.1365-3059.1988.TB02119.X",
"MAG": "1994818629",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Tanier spinach (Xanthosoma brasiliense, Araceae) is a common leafy vegetable in south-eastern Brazil. A cuneiform leaf blight which started at the edges of leaves and resulted in complete leaf decay has recently been observed. The causal agent was identified as Pseudomonas cichorii. This appears to be the first report of the disease.
|
2022-11-18T17:40:13.793Z
|
53,313,733 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/ACS.CHEMMATER.5B01327",
"MAG": "1801824212",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The recent observation of a fundamental direct bandgap for GeSn group IV alloys and the demonstration of low temperature lasing provide new perspectives on the fabrication of Si photonic circuits. This work addresses the progress in GeSn alloy epitaxy aiming at room temperature GeSn lasing. Chemical vapor deposition of direct bandgap GeSn alloys with a high Γ- to L-valley energy separation and large thicknesses for efficient optical mode confinement is presented and discussed. Up to 1 μm thick GeSn layers with Sn contents up to 14 at. % were grown on thick relaxed Ge buffers, using Ge2H6 and SnCl4 precursors. Strong strain relaxation (up to 81%) at 12.5 at. % Sn concentration, translating into an increased separation between Γ- and L-valleys of about 60 meV, have been obtained without crystalline structure degradation, as revealed by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy/ion channeling and transmission electron microscopy. Room temperature reflectance and photoluminescence measurements were performed to ...
|
2022-12-13T13:29:09.036Z
|
144,777,178 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2307/1962642",
"MAG": "2058449666",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In the event of a hung parliament how would policy making work? Ian Marsh argues that the select committee would enjoy new powers of scrutiny and responsiblity, and he shows how interest groups could play an important role too.
|
2022-12-16T13:53:58.732Z
|
170,108,270 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/001452462303500304",
"MAG": "2073817001",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
middle and later social types. In the larger sense of the word, Hale White was as much a man of science as the widely different Butler, a passionate believer in its intellectual importance, and a powerful witness to its moral value. But, above all, he was a student of the spiritual life, and of its dawn or eclipse in members of obscure societies, whose faith is fast perishing out of rural England.’ -
|
2022-02-08T17:31:32.322Z
|
89,106,325 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.14889/jhupo.2011.0.55.0",
"MAG": "2518774708",
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"status": null,
"url": null
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|
Functional Glycomics has been expanded widely and this filed definitely needs interdisciplinary and integrative research in collaboration with scientists in other fields such as chemical biology. Our group has been focused on the role of glycosyltransferases involving in the biosynthesis of N-glycan branching and identification of their target proteins in relation to diseases. We have recently proposed the concept of the "Glycan cycle" as a functional unit of glycans for understanding glycan functions, which will permit the integration of glycan functions in relation to diseases (1). For example, glucose enters the cell via a glucose transporter and is converted to UDP-GlcNAc via the hexosamine pathway. UDP-GlcNAc plays a key role in the cytosol and is then incorporated into the Golgi via the UDPGlcNAc transporter and serves as a donor substrate for various GlcNAc-transferases. UDP-GlcNAc also serves as a donor for OGlcNAc-transferase in the cytosol. The same is true for GDP-fucose which also plays a key role in the fucosylation of various glycoproteins. These enzymes function to modify target proteins such as TGF-beta, the EGFR, and the glucose transporter. These receptors are localized on the cell surface and bind to lectins such as galectin-3. When the affinity of lectin binding is decreased due to changes in receptor glycosylation, the receptors are endocytosed, and the free monosaccharide is probably recycled. This conceptual "functional unit of the glycan cycle," such as just described for GlcNAc or fucose, is intended to help developing the understanding of the integrative and dynamic analysis of glycan functions, which is one of the systems glycobiology approaches. I will also show you some of our recent studies on the metabolism of nucleotide sugars using chemical biology technique. Thus systems glycobiology is one of the promising approaches for understanding glycan functions.
|
2022-02-10T19:56:30.147Z
|
100,425,000 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1180/0680221",
"MAG": "2604777179",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Volume V completes the ‘Handbook of Mineralogy’ series and contains details of 791 minerals. These are mainly the borates, carbonates and sulphates that provide the title for the volume. The volume also includes chromates, germanates, iodates, molybdates, nitrates, organics, selenates, selenites, sulphites, tellurates, tellurites and tungstates. The minerals are described one to a page arranged alphabetically from abelsonite, C31H32N4Ni, to zugshunstite-(Ce), (Ce,Nd)Al(SO4)2(C2O4)• 12H2O.
The data for each mineral include crystal system, crystal form, physical properties, optical properties, cell data, X-ray powder pattern, chemical composition (up to 4 analyses of natural …
|
2022-02-10T11:09:32.655Z
|
92,309,531 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1063/1.3653674",
"MAG": "242223327",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Density functional (DF) calculations have been performed for pure and doped lithium clusters up to eight lithium atoms. Boron and aluminium were used as dopants. Binding energy (BE), HOMO‐LUMO energy gap (ΔE) and vertical ionization potential (IP) have been reported for lowest energy structure and relative stabilities have been discussed. All the calculations were performed using VASP and SIESTA softwares. The results obtained are found to be well in agreement with the previous theoretical and experimental results.
|
2022-02-10T18:09:25.165Z
|
214,067,371 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15370/maruifd.679470",
"MAG": "3002568885",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/942593"
}
|
Islâmi ilimlerde tarih yazimina dair son yillarda artan bir ilgi gozlenmektedir. Bunun bir sonucu olarak nispeten daha az calisilan bolge ve asirlara yogunlasan etutler on plana cikarken, mevcut tarihi anlatiyi tahkim ve tashih sadedinde calismalar da yapilmaktadir. Bu noktada daha ziyade hicri asirlar esas alinarak surdurulen yerlesik hadis tarihi anlatilarinin sonuclarini test etme imkani veren literatur, sahis ve cografya merkezli calismalar artmaktadir. Ozellikle erken donem ilim merkezlerinin (emsâr) belli tarihi kayitlariyla incelendigi calismalar mezkur hedefe ulasmak acisindan onem arz etmektedir. Nitekim bu calismalarin bir ornegi Huseyin Akgun’un tarihi olarak hicri ilk 150 seneyle kayitladigi Hadis Rivâyet Cografyasi adli eseridir. Uc bolumden olusan kitabin girisinde calismanin konusu, amaci, onemi, kaynaklari ve metodunu aciklayan yazar, Birinci Bolum’de sahâbe ve tâbiunun hadis kulturune ve hadis rivayet cografyasinin olusumuna dair bilgiler verir. Ikinci Bolum Medine, Mekke, Kufe, Basra, Şam, Misir ve ilgili zaman diliminde ilmi olarak arka planda kalan bazi sehir ve bolgelerdeki hadis kulturunu, rivayetlerin bu sehir/bolgelere intikali ve diger bolgelerle etkilesimi gibi sorular cercevesinde inceler. Ucuncu Bolum ise daha ziyade onceki bolumlerde yer yer temas edilen bolgesellik konusuna dairdir. Calisma uc ek bolumuyle sonlanmaktadir.
|
2022-03-25T01:04:47.871Z
|
191,206,504 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/CBO9780511483769.010",
"MAG": "1876146944",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
When Polonius arrives to announce the arrival of the Tragedians of the City, he describes them as ‘the best actors in the world’: Seneca cannot be too heavy, nor Plautus too light. For the law of writ and the liberty, these are the only men. ( Hamlet 2.2.382–4) The idea that there is a relation of influence between classical and early modern drama is fundamental to any account of the English Renaissance. But Polonius inadvertently provides a clue to something a little less obvious, something we might adapt his own words to describe as a writ of theatrical liberty: the summoning up of classical writers such as Seneca and Plautus by practitioners of the Elizabethan professional theatre, and the suggestion that the appropriate frame of reference for this mutually emancipatory embodiment of authorship might be a conception of freedom within the law that increasingly characterised the economic and political culture of Elizabethan and Jacobean England. It is thus not surprising that the Players' Scene has long been recognised as a peculiarly intense, and intensely peculiar, engagement with classical sources, even though there is no real consensus as to what the nature of that engagement is. What is surprising is that no one has yet taken Polonius at his word and considered the possibility that the embodiment in question here is not Virgil or Ovid, as most commentators suggest, but Seneca. In this essay I propose not only a Senecan influence, but also a hitherto unrecognised source.
|
2022-09-05T22:11:55.020Z
|
145,172,810 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/0265407586033009",
"MAG": "2123748037",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Seventy-three couples expecting their first child were asked to respond in writing to open-ended questions about their experience of pregnancy three times during pregnancy and once at one month postpartum. Their responses were coded for the mention of five family-related issues: the transition from `couple' to `family', changed closeness with spouse, changed involvement with extended family, male partner's positive involvement with fathering, and female partner's conflict between job and family. The first four of these issues were mentioned with relatively high frequency, with, for example, more than 60 percent of all respondents stating that the pregnancy had increased their closeness to their spouse. In contrast, the issue of women's potential conflict between job and family was mentioned relatively less frequently, by just under one-fifth of the women in the sample. The results lend support to the notion that first pregnancy is associated with an increased focus on family issues for both women and men, and represents a developmental process not only in the individual parents but in the family itself.
|
2022-09-09T08:17:06.756Z
|
32,543,145 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1176/APPI.AP.28.2.140",
"MAG": "2132843009",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objective: “Classic” articles remain an important resource in teaching psychiatry. But, such materials are often buried in a faculty member’s filing cabinet, effectively lost in today’s world of instant access. We attempt to recover these materials through a marriage of traditional reading lists and contemporary technology. Method: The authors created a sharable electronic filing cabinet to store frequently used teaching materials. Conclusion: An electronic filing cabinet can organize teaching materials and increase efficiency in teaching.
|
2022-09-10T18:44:34.036Z
|
35,673,214 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/BI9521506",
"MAG": "2008480032",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
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}
|
Tunichromes are yellow, polyphenolic tripeptides prevalent in blood cells of tunicates (suborders phlebobranchia and stolidobranchia). Spectrophotometric studies of reactions between tunichrome Mm-1 and VV or VIV ions were conducted in vitro in various media to crudely approximate cellular conditions: deionized water, aqueous methanol, and aqueous buffers at pH 2 and 7. Catechol was used in parallel studies for comparison to tunichrome and was found to be a good model for tunichrome reactivity. For VIV in pH 7 buffer, both catechol and Mm-1 formed complexes with VIV ions, and no redox products were found. For VV in pH 2 buffer, both catechol and Mm-1 were oxidized by VV ions. Room temperature EPR qualitatively showed that Mm-1 in pH 2 buffer reduced VV ions to free VIV ions. For VV in pH 7 buffer, Mm-1 was oxidized by VV ions and formed VIV complexes. At higher concentrations, the VIV complexes were observed by low temperature EPR [Grant, K. B. (1994) Dissertation, Columbia University; Grant, K. B., et al. (1996) J. Inorg. Biochem. (manuscript in preparation)]. Using a colorimetric assay for VIII, we found that reactions between Mm-1 and VV or VIV ions in pH 7 buffer clearly did not generate appreciable quantities of VIII products. Thus, the colorimetric VIII assay resolved the issue of VIII product formation raised in EPR studies of Mm-1 [cf. Ryan, D. E., et al. (1992) Biochemistry 35, 8651-8661]. Overall, the results provide insights into tunichrome-vanadium chemistry and identify conditions which promote complexation and/or redox reactions in vitro.
|
2022-09-13T18:30:08.319Z
|
139,455,900 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1117/12.2511211",
"MAG": "2920206995",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We propose and demonstrate a new technique of generating microwave frequency comb using single mode Fabry-Pérot laser diode (SMFP-LD). The SMFP-LD is obtained by modifying the commercially available FP-LD by adding an external cavity, which provides only single longitudinal mode at the output and has a tunability range of about 10 nm. The basic principle involve with this technique is the injection of the modulating beam to any of the side modes of the SMFP-LD in such a way that one of the sideband is locked with the corresponding injected mode. The injected beam has negative wavelength detuning to the corresponding mode whether it is the dominant mode or the side mode of a SMFPLD. By heterodyning the injected modulated beam and the corresponding side mode, frequency comb is generated using SMFP-LD that has the capability of tuning frequency comb spacing. The tuning of comb frequency spacing is obtained through changing the modulating frequency. The additional modulator is used to increase the power flatness and the bandwidth of comb generation. We measured and compared the output performance of the generated RF comb with and without additional modulator in terms of power flatness, and power and frequency stability.
|
2022-02-09T09:33:41.162Z
|
97,502,636 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/CRAT.2170200912",
"MAG": "2066085236",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Statistic estimation of experimental determination reliability for the distribution coefficient, K, (crystal-melt equilibrium) has been made on the basis of independent measurement comparison. Reliability of these data is shown to be low. Frequency K histograms have been constructed both for simple element set and halogenides. Histogram maximum shift to lg K < 0 has been obtained.
[Russian Text Ignored]
|
2022-02-10T13:23:59.106Z
|
72,188,594 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1054/CUOG.2000.0119",
"MAG": "2014373577",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract All current surgical procedures for genuine stress incontinence are associated with a significant risk of failure and the possibility of causing new problems such as detrusor instability and voiding dysfunction. In addition, procedures may be complicated by other perioperative morbidity. A number of new procedures are now available which reduce the invasiveness of the surgical treatment as well as increasing the options available for those where primary surgery has failed. Alternative approaches such as laparoscopic colposuspension may reduce the morbidity of the open colposuspension as well as hastening recovery. Data on outcome are of poor quality and further research is required to establish whether this is a useful technique. Tension-free vaginal tape is a relatively minor procedure with promising early results although follow up is needed to determine long-term cure and exclude problems with erosion. Periurethral bulking agents appear to be safe and associated with few problems; they are minor procedures but are not associated with as high success rates as more major surgery. Clam ileocystoplasty is an option for the management of severe intractable detrusor instability with dramatic relief of symptoms possible. Patients undergoing such major surgery need to be counselled fully about the possible morbidity.
|
2022-08-27T06:44:47.949Z
|
122,580,789 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1063/1.1288151",
"MAG": "2071160705",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A two-dimensional vortex subjected to shear flow is considered in Rayleigh–Taylor mode of magnetized plasmas. It is shown that, when vortex-flow is almost absent, linear instability is suppressed due to shear-flow. In the presence of a vortex, however, there is a possibility of secondary instability excitation. It is demonstrated that the efficiency of this secondary instability depends on the sense of rotation and strength of vortex-flow and shear-flow.
|
2022-12-11T08:50:26.737Z
|
120,524,771 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220120401.1755",
"MAG": "1910880983",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Rough sets theory and fuzzy sets theory research the unperfect problem in information systems. the combination of them formed Rough fuzzy sets and Rough Fuzzy number. in this paper, defines the Rough fuzzy distance of the Rough fuzzy number. Then it discusses the nature of Rough fuzzy distance. Key words: Rough fuzzy number; Distance; Rough fuzzy Distance
|
2022-02-09T22:15:22.144Z
|
38,214,135 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/J.2042-3306.1989.TB02100.X",
"MAG": "2012556345",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A nuclear medicine facility constructed specifically for the application of a gamma camera system to the radioisotope imaging of bone, pulmonary circulation and ventilation in the horse is described. The gamma camera was previously used for human nuclear medicine, and a support for the gamma camera head was specifically designed for this work. Imaging protocols are suggested and the necessary materials for bone and lung studies are described. Images of bone and lung are shown and computer analysis of the data indicated. Imaging times are approximately 1 to 2 mins and typical bone and lung studies can be completed in 20 to 30 mins.
|
2022-07-23T17:57:25.605Z
|
96,163,296 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/00022470.1978.10470581",
"MAG": "2003192056",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A continuous method for the measurement of SO/sub 2/ in amblent air at trace levels is described. The principle of detection is based on the anodic oxidation of SO/sub 2/ in a galvanic cell. A differential measuring technique with a cell with two anodes and one cathode is used; background and noise current are low and stable. A feature of the measuring system is that the air sample is passed through a porous anode against a head of electrolyte on the other side of the anode. The minimum values for the time constant and the lower detection limit were 3 seconds and about 3 ..mu..g/m/sup 3/, respectively. The selectivity of the method was compared with those of other techniques in field testing. Trace concentrations measured by the galvanic method in the range from 12 to 135 ..mu..g/m/sup 3/ were in good agreement with those of the flame photometric and the West-Gaeke method. With a Pt/Ni/sub 2/B/graphite anode the mean oxidation efficiency was 94 +- 2% on the basis of 2 faraday/mol of SO/sub 2/ within the tested concentration range of 50 to 560 ..mu..g/m/sup 3/. During a field test no decrease in the anode activity was observed over a periodmore » of ten months. Examples are given for the galvanic detection of other compounds using porous measuring electrodes.« less
|
2022-09-04T11:37:14.190Z
|
17,574,962 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1083/JCB.3.1.1",
"MAG": "2114339279",
"PubMedCentral": "2224025"
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
HeLa cells in tissue cultures infected with types 3, 4, or 7 of adenovirus (RI-APC virus) were studied in order to correlate certain histochemical and electron microscopic findings. Adjacent thin (ca. 0.05 µ) and thick (2–4 µ) sections of osmium-fixed, methacrylate-embedded cells were cut; by mapping the sections the same cells could be identified with both the electron and the light microscope. Intranuclear crystalline aggregates seen with the electron microscope to be composed of ordered arrays of viral particles were found by means of the Feulgen reaction to contain DNA. DNA is therefore assumed to be a constituent of the viral particle. The virus appeared to develop from an osmiophilic Feulgen-negative matrix. Displacement of nuclear chromatin occurred during this process. A Feulgen-azure staining method was found to permit clear distinction between viral and nuclear (host) DNA in thick sections.
|
2022-09-13T11:57:34.922Z
|
10,848,238 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICORR.2013.6650398",
"MAG": "2023737533",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The goal of this study was to characterize the coordination of grasp and twist in hand function of normal and post-stroke subjects using a two degree of freedom hand robot. Results of the analysis of data from eight control subjects indicated that normal grip coordination involves the linear modulation of grip force with load torque. Thus, there was a high correlation between grip force and load torque. Also, the force generated by the thumb was highly correlated with the force generated by the index, middle and ring fingers. Finally, the safety margin used to stabilize grasp and avoid slip was consistent across normal subjects. In contrast, results from chronic post-stroke subjects indicated that they generally: (1) exerted excessive grip force to stabilize grasp using their ipsilesional hand; (2) lost the close amplitude coupling between grip force and load torque; and (3) lost the close modulation of the thumb force with finger force. These results suggest that our methods may provide objective, quantitative means of characterizing coordination problems following stroke.
|
2022-09-15T09:09:34.899Z
|
109,962,814 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ITSC.1997.660512",
"MAG": "2121566818",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Several intelligent vehicle applications require knowledge of the presence of objects in the path of the host vehicle. Current approaches to this in-path decision process do not fully utilize the information available from the forward-looking sensor. This paper describes a path algorithm in which the observed trajectories of preceding vehicles are used to determine the shape of the road in front of the host, along with the orientation of the host w.r.t. the road, thereby improving the accuracy of object lane determination.
|
2022-09-14T16:13:44.530Z
|
225,260,878 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5433/1679-0359.2020V41N6P2677",
"MAG": "3093048721",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We investigated the occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts shedding by domestic cats in an urban setting. The calculation of minimum sample size was based on an estimated prevalence of 10%, 5% absolute sampling error and a 5% significance level, resulting in 138 cats. A total of 612 owners of 2,290 cats had to be contacted for achieving the minimal sample size. In the end, only 55 owners accepted to participate in this investigation. Stool samples collected from 138 dogs were examined by microscopy using modified Kinyoun acid-fast staining, capture ELISA and nested-PCR followed by sequencing. Samples were considered positive when Cryptosporidium were detected by at least two diagnostic methods. Thirteen samples were positive (9.4%; 95% CI: 4.5 - 14.3). Cryptosporidium amplicons from seven out of the 13 samples were successfully sequenced and shared 99% genetic similarity to Cryptosporidium felis, GenBank access AF112575.1 was found. We concluded that Cryptosporidium infection is common in domestic cats from urban area and veterinary practitioners should guide cat owners to adopt preventive measures against the parasite to reduce the chance of infection in cats and householders.
|
2022-10-21T01:11:05.250Z
|
9,216,008 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/BIBM.2016.7822490",
"MAG": "2576361275",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The detection of secondary structure of proteins using three dimensional (3D) cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) images is still a challenging task when the spatial resolution of cryo-EM images is at medium level (5–10Å). Prior researches focused on the usage of local features that may not capture the global information of image objects. In this study, we propose to use deep learning methods to extract high representative global features and then automatically detect secondary structures of proteins. In particular, we build a convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier that predicts the probability of label for every individual voxel in 3D cryo-EM image with respect to the secondary structure elements of proteins such as α-helix, β-sheet and background. To effectively incorporate the 3D spatial information in protein structures, we propose to perform 3D convolutions in the convolutional layers of CNNs. We show that the proposed CNN classifier can outperform existing SVM method on identifying the secondary structure elements of proteins from 3D cryo-EM medium resolution images.
|
2022-12-13T08:13:42.766Z
|
143,831,529 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/J.1467-6443.2009.01358.X",
"MAG": "2003930521",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper explores the hybridized realities of European, Native American and Afro-Caribbean/Afro-American residents of Sylvester Manor, New York and Constant Plantation, Barbados during the seventeenth century. It draws on archaeological and landscape evidence from two plantations that were owned and operated by different members of the same family during the seventeenth century. One of plantations, known as Sylvester Manor, encompassed all 8,000 acres of Shelter Island, New York. It was established in 1652 primarily to help in the provisioning of two large sugar plantations on Barbados, Constant and Carmichael plantations. Sylvester Manor was operated by Nathaniel Sylvester; an Englishman who spent the first twenty years of life living in Amsterdam where his father was a merchant. Constant and Carmichael plantations were operated by his brother Constant Sylvester. Both the Barbados and New York plantations relied upon a labor force of enslaved Afro-Caribbean's. Archaeological evidence from Sylvester Manor has also revealed that Native American laborers played a prominent role in the daily activities of this northern plantation. Material and landscape evidence reveal the construction of hybridized identities that in the case of Barbados, are still part of the fabric of a postcolonial reality. Evidence from Sylvester Manor provides detailed insights into the construction of hybridized identities under the exigencies of a plantation economy whose global connections are dramatically visible in the archaeological record.
|
2022-12-17T04:48:24.016Z
|
39,070,753 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5547/01956574.33.3.4",
"MAG": "2160305308",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/71883/1/660169452.pdf"
}
|
The seaborne steam coal market changed in recent years. Trade volumes grew dynamically, important players emerged and since 2007 prices increased significantly and remained relatively high since then. In this paper we analyse market equilibria in the years 2006 and 2008 by testing for two possible market structure scenarios in this market: perfect competition and an oligopoly setup with major exporters competing in quantities. We conclude from our results that international steam coal trade is not perfectly competitive as there is a large spread between marginal costs and prices and a low capacity utilisation in 2008. Further, trade flows are generally more diversified in reality than in the competitive scenario. However, also the Cournot scenarios fail to accurately explain real market outcomes. We conclude that only more sophisticated models of strategic behaviour can predict market equilibria in international steam coal trade.
|
2022-12-19T01:26:46.710Z
|
35,228,379 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01264.x",
"MAG": "2139000490",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The mutation causing Huntington's disease is an expanded CAG trinucleotide repeat number beyond 35 in the 5′ translated region of the gene. The mutation penetrance varies widely and depends on the CAG expansion length, the low pathological triplet range (36–41) showing a very low penetrance, possibly associated with late ages at onset. No research has so far yielded biomarkers for accurately predicting either age at onset or disease progression in at risk individuals. Specific markers able to follow‐up mutation carrier subjects from the pre‐symptomatic stages of life are crucial for testing experimental neuroprotective preventive therapies. Nevertheless, the factor accounting for the largest percentage of age at onset variation is the expanded repeat number within the gene. Over the years, this factor has helped in setting up models for genetically predicting age at onset. Once available for practical application in clinics, such models allowed phenotype‐genotype correlations that were hitherto inconceivable. In this review, we discuss how these genetic models have been applied in clinical practice and comment on their potential value in searching for cerebral biomarkers of disease onset and severity and in designing trials of therapeutic drugs.
|
2022-12-21T00:01:45.826Z
|
150,617,962 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5860/choice.32-1652",
"MAG": "115125896",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This text describes the recent financial and curricular history of liberal arts colleges. The author explains how they have survived and how many have prospered despite severe competitive pressures. It includes sketches of 12 colleges that provide insight into both the shared and distinctive concerns of a varied but representative set of liberal arts colleges.
|
2022-12-27T06:57:08.960Z
|
204,788,381 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1055/a-0655-7628",
"MAG": "2980708415",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Multimorbidity in older psychiatric patients.
OBJECTIVE
Multimorbidity represents a great challenge in the medical care of older people.
METHODS
This exploratory study was part of the Gerontopsychiatry study Berlin (Gepsy-B), an analysis of data on all 941 older inpatients (> 65 years) admitted to a psychiatric hospital within a period of 3 years.
RESULTS
Nearly all patients (94,2 %) suffered from a chronic somatic disorder. The mean number of chronic somatic disorders was 2.70 + 1.39 and showed age dependency (r = 0.257, p < .001). The most prevalent disorders were cerebrovascular disorders (56.5 %), hypertension (54.8 %), chronic ischemic heart diseases or arrhythmias (52.2 %) and diabetes mellitus type II (37.5 %). Furthermore, many of the patients suffered from disabilities such as movement disorders (26.2 %), severe hearing loss (16.5 %), incontinence (15.1 %) or severely reduced vision (7.4 %). Organic brain disorders were more often associated with chronic somatic disorders or disabilities.
CONCLUSIONS
Older patients treated for psychiatric disorders very often show somatic multimorbidity that probably limit treatment outcome.
|
2022-01-27T11:32:15.952Z
|
224,835,953 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.24248/eahrj.v4i1.623",
"MAG": "3043268765",
"PubMedCentral": "8279223"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://eahrj.eahealth.org/index.php/eah/article/download/623/1146"
}
|
Background: Despite the widespread application of the community health strategy (CHS) in Kenya and evidence of its effectiveness in reducing health outcomes at the household level, data from Kakamega County, of which Lurambi sub-county is part of, still showed that skilled birth delivery was at 47% against the national estimateof 62% and a target of 90%. However, there was limited evidence on the level of CHS implementation and its association with the uptake of skilled delivery. Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional analytic design. A structured validated community unit (CU) scorecard and a household questionnaire were used to collect quantitative data from the CUs through Community Health Extension Workers (CHEWs) and at the household level through mothers with children below 1 year. A random sample of 436 mothers from all the 38 Community Units (CUs) was included. CU functionality was assessed using 17 binary indicators (scored as 1 for a positive response, 0 otherwise) and total scores were expressed as percentages. Fully functional CUs scored ≥80% and semi-functional CU scored >50 to <80%. No CU was non-functional (scored ≤50%). Data from the CUs were merged with data at the household level. Association between CU functionality and skilled delivery was assessed using multivariable binary logistic regression controlling for socio-demographic variables. Adjusted Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95%CI) are reported. Results: A total of 38 CUs were assessed and of these, 26(68.6%) were fully functional and 12(31.4%) were semi-functional, 18(47.4%) had both household registers (MOH 513) and service delivery logbooks (MOH 514). Overall, 387(80.0%) of mothers had skilled birth deliveries, 263(68%) were from functional CUs and 124(32%) were from semi-functional CUs. Pregnant women were more likely to have skilled deliveries in fully functional CUs than semi-functional CUs (OR=1.3; 95% CI=1.1-2.4; p-value<.001). Other factors significantly associated with uptake of skilled delivery included receiving health education(OR=2.9;95%CI =1.4-6.1, p=.005), being visited at least twice by Community Health Volunteers, CHVs(OR=1.9;95%CI=1.1-3.5, p=.045), attending antenatal care clinics, ANC (OR=3.4;95%CI=1.3-3.5, p=.012), receiving advice where to deliver (OR=4.1;95%CI=1.8-9.4, p=.001). Conclusion: 2 out of 3 community units were fully functional, and functionality was associated with increased uptake of skilled delivery. In a fully functional CUs, Community Health Volunteers provided health education through regular visits and they were able to provide a referral to health facilities for the pregnant women. To achieve national targets for skilled deliveries and universal health coverage, there is a need to ensure CUs are fully functional
|
2022-01-27T07:50:04.506Z
|
149,877,242 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.31090/narodroid.v4i2.730",
"MAG": "2942192648",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract : The Internet is an advancement of information technology is very instrumental in various fields today. The Internet connects everyone despite being far apart. So the internet is very important role in terms of communication. The Internet is widely applied in the education sector, government, and even companies. Through the internet, data exchange in these sectors can be done. However, the exchange of such data must be secure or accessible only to the person entitled to the data. For that network security is needed to protect data owned by each agency or sector. Researchers in this paper develop network security with firewall using MikroTik RB941. In this research, built a server using MikroTik RB941 with Firewall feature to restrict visitor access rights, where only recognizable visitors will be able to access the server. So the firewall here filters the user's access to the server. From the test results obtained that the firewall applied to MIkroTik RB941 can perform filtration process on the user who tries to access to the server.
Kata Kunci : network security, firewall, mikrotik
|
2022-06-07T21:44:58.354Z
|
226,320,043 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1590/S1517-707620200004.1203",
"MAG": "3094603120",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
O desempenho de aditivos plastificantes esta diretamente relacionado com as caracteristicas da molecula empregada na sua fabricacao e, nesse caso, varia de acordo com a sua procedencia. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo e avaliar o desempenho de quatro aditivos comerciais a base de policarboxilato em pastas de cimento Portland com baixas relacoes agua/cimento. Os aditivos foram caracterizados por meio de ensaios de teor de solidos e Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier. Ja o desempenho dos aditivos nas pastas foi avaliado pelos ensaios de mini-abatimento, teor de ar incorporado, resistencia a compressao aos 28 dias e termogravimetria. Para ambas as relacoes a/c avaliadas, os quatro aditivos apresentaram espalhamentos diferentes para um mesmo teor de solidos utilizado. Tambem se constatou que diferentes tipos de aditivos ocasionaram alteracoes distintas nos periodos de inducao, bem como, diferentes incorporacoes de ar, que acarretaram diferentes resistencias a compressao das pastas, de maneira que a maior resistencia a compressao pode ser atribuida ao menor teor de ar incorporado. Estes resultados podem ser explicados porque o desempenho do aditivo esta associado ao tamanho da sua molecula, cadeias laterais, peso molecular e a adsorcao da molecula nos compostos quimicos do cimento. Verificando que mesmas bases quimicas de aditivos (policarboxilatos) resultam em diferentes comportamentos de misturas cimenticias, ressalta-se que e de suma importância o teste previo de compatibilidade entre o cimento Portland e o aditivo quimico que sera utilizado na producao da matriz cimenticia. Palavras-chave: cimento Portland, superplastificante, policarboxilato, desempenho
|
2022-01-27T01:49:19.532Z
|
30,448,296 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/OPTIM.2008.4602417",
"MAG": "2171934205",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A novel hysteretic controller for a bi-directional dc-dc converter with ZVS and interleaving for dual voltage systems in automobiles is presented. A variable frequency extended band hysteretic current control method is proposed. In comparison with classical fixed frequency current control PWM, the reverse polarity peak current needed for ZVS operation is kept constant. Inductor current ripple decreases with load reduction. Automatic changes in operation between buck and boost modes are accomplished without transient currents. Converter simulations are carried out using Matlab/Simulink platform.
|
2022-07-09T01:48:25.156Z
|
101,508,941 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.7567/JJAP.55.011601",
"MAG": "2289798686",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We have improved the properties of ambipolar organic field-effect transistors by chemically treating the source and drain electrodes with a vacuum-deposited biradicaloid film. Biradicaloid was a diphenyl derivative of s-indacenodiphenalene (Ph2-IDPL). An alkane thiol self-assembled monolayer (SAM) was used as an insulator buffer layer at the Ph2-IDPL/electrode interface to prevent off-current. We confirmed the transport level alignment at the Ph2-IDPL/SAM/electrode interface by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy and inverse photoemission spectroscopy. Although Ph2-IDPL transistors containing the SAM showed a higher on/off ratio or mobility than a previously reported device without the buffer layer, there was a trade-off between on/off ratio and mobility. Our results suggest that biradical molecules are promising candidates for use in low-power inverters.
|
2022-07-31T13:03:34.793Z
|
11,265,940 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/0037549711434603",
"MAG": "2129456243",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Timing requirements are important aspects in workflow modelling, analysis and enactment. In the last few years, though, many workflow languages and tools have been proposed but only few of them address timing issues during enactment. This paper shows that time stream Petri nets (TSPNs), originally designed for multimedia/hypermedia modelling and analysis, are a well-suited formalism also for supporting the whole lifecycle of workflow processes with timing constraints. A novel approach to modelling, analysis and distributed enactment of workflow processes specified by TSPNs is proposed. Functional and temporal properties of a TSPN model can be checked using exhaustive verification or a DEVS-based simulation tool. Enactment rests on PN-Engine, a decentralized enactment engine based on the service-oriented computing paradigm, which enables execution of workflow processes where the coordinated activities may involve cross-boundary organizations. The approach is illustrated by means of a modelling example concerned with a wine-production process.
|
2022-12-03T22:21:39.571Z
|
120,153,644 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2514/2.6387",
"MAG": "1976193273",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Nomenclature = Rosseland mean absorption coefficient specific heat at constant pressure dimensionless stream function Grashof number acceleration because of gravity Nusselt number Prandtl number surface heat flux Planck number radial and axial coordinates temperature of the fluid temperature of the heated surface temperature of the ambient fluid velocities in the x and r directions coefficient of thermal diffusivity coefficient of cubical expansion scaled streamwise coordinate similarity variable scaled temperature surface temperature ratio to the ambient fluid coefficient of thermal conductivity curvature parameter v = kinematic viscosity £ = nondimensional axial coordinate p = density of the fluid cr = Stefan—Boltzmann constant crs = scattering coefficient
|
2022-12-15T19:47:39.430Z
|
2,030,391 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/01.CHI.0000046873.56865.4B",
"MAG": "1977049379",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
OBJECTIVE
At national, state, and local levels, there is increasing recognition of the importance of identifying and responding to the mental health needs of youths in the juvenile justice system, as policymakers and practitioners struggle to find ways to address causes and correlates of juvenile crime and delinquency. The proposed guidelines for mental health assessment provide explicit information about how, why, and when to obtain mental health information on justice youths at each important juncture in processing.
METHOD
A national group of expert researchers and practitioners convened in April 2002. Experts derived six recommendations, following the expert consensus method, for conducting mental health assessments in juvenile justice settings. Experts had broad experience creating collaborations between juvenile justice, mental health, and child welfare systems and understood the policy and health implications of conducting such assessments in juvenile justice settings.
RESULTS
Consensus Conference recommendations regarding screening for emergent risk, screening and assessment of mental health service needs, comprehensive mental health assessment components, assessment before community re-entry, need for periodic reassessment, and staff training are presented.
CONCLUSION
Deriving specific recommendations that can be implemented systematically is a necessary first step toward policy changes that will optimize the standard of care for this vulnerable population.
|
2022-12-20T02:40:03.609Z
|
19,478,880 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1208/pt070376",
"MAG": "2052627381",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc2750518?pdf=render"
}
|
The purpose of this research was to reduce the polymer concentration and to obtain reasonable viscosity at a lower concentration of pluronic by the addition of a viscosity modifier. A 20% wt/wt pluronic gel was prepared on a weight basis using the cold method. The effect of the amount of tetracycline and Aerosil on gel properties was studied. The gel was evaluated using different parameters: polarizing microscopy, gelation, gel melting, bioadhesivity, viscosity, drug release, and stability of enzyme. An in vivo study was performed to evaluate the clinical efficiency of the liquid crystalline gel. Addition of Aerosil to the gel favored hexagonal phase formation. Viscosity and bioadhesivity increased with an increase in the concentration of Aerosil. Release of tetracycline was sustained as the concentration of Aerosil increased. Various clinical parameters confirmed the acceptability and efficiency of this gel system.
|
2022-12-21T05:14:47.125Z
|
233,343,802 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S1049096504004913",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The American Political Science Association is pleased to announce the class for the 2004 Ralph Bunche Summer Institute. The Institute is in its 18th year of operation and will again be hosted by Duke University. The Selection Committee for the 2004 class included Paula McClain, director of RBSI, and other members of Duke University faculty: Scott DeMarche, Kerry Haynie, John Aldrich, and John Transue. Twenty outstanding students, representing diverse institutions all over the country, will participate in this summer's program, scheduled for June 6-July 8.
|
2022-01-27T13:06:24.595Z
|
240,529,846 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.12968/eyed.2021.23.3.38",
"MAG": "3200185961",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this final article in the Movement and active play series, Tania Swift explores ways in which mathematical learning can be supported every day through active ways, whilst also instilling a life-long interest in maths.
|
2022-01-27T16:50:53.093Z
|
247,827,812 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/su14073904",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/7/3904/pdf?version=1648461793"
}
|
As a major agricultural province of China, Shandong province has long ranked first in agricultural growth value among all of the provinces; at the same time, it is also the province that is most affected by dry-hot wind. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the spatial zoning of the risks of dry-hot wind in this province. Based on meteorological, slope, and altitude data, and the principle of disaster risk assessment, this study uses a weighted comprehensive evaluation method, analytic hierarchy process, and ARC-GIS spatial analysis to study the spatial zoning of the risks of dry-hot wind in Shandong province. The results show that the high-risk regions of dry-hot wind are concentrated in the north-central portion of the province, the medium-risk regions are in the peripheral areas, and the low-risk regions are located mainly in the west, southwest, and east. Exposure of disaster-bearing bodies is high in the south and low in the north, while vulnerability to disaster-bearing bodies is high in the west and low in the east. The more developed areas in the east show high disaster prevention and mitigation capability, whereas this is weak in the west. In summary, dry-hot wind risk in Shandong province varies significantly by area. The medium- and high-risk areas are mainly in the west and central portions of the province.
|
2022-08-20T10:53:24.803Z
|
240,967,731 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/1755-1315/260/1/012009",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/260/1/012009"
}
|
Mangrove forest is the main life-supporting ecosystem for organisms in coastal and marine areas. It got serious pressure as the impact of land conversion. The objective of the study was to analyse the total economic valuation of mangrove forest in Secanggang, Langkat. The number of samples is determined as many as 30 by using cluster sampling. Data were analysed using economic valuation techniques for calculating the total value of the mangrove ecosystem. Total economic value is carried out by interviewing each respondent to estimate economic value, namely the direct use value, the indirect use value, and the option value of the mangrove forest. The total economic value is IDR 22,497,463,608 per year. It is obtained from direct use value is IDR 4,662,525,000 per year, indirect use value amounted IDR 17,507,736,480 per year, while option value amounted IDR 327,202,128 per year. Direct use value comes from the benefits of the firewood, shrimp, fish, and crab utilization. For the indirect use value was obtained from retaining abrasion and provider of fishery resources, i.e. shrimp feed resource and the option value was obtained by calculating the value of biodiversity in the mangrove ecosystem.
|
2022-08-20T14:08:05.273Z
|
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