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86789f69-969a-409a-bc9a-db49fa8d1138
| 1 |
of acetylsalicylic acid was administered as an analgesic complement (group II). All of the patients spontnaeously ventilated an O2 - N2O 50 p. 100 mixture. The C.S.F. pressure fell by 39 p. 100 on the average (p. less than 0.001) in group I and did not vary in group II.
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86789f69-969a-409a-bc9a-db49fa8d1138
| 2 |
This fall is essentially related to cerebral vasoconstriction, therefore to the fall in cerebral blood flow caused by Alfatesine. In group II hypercapnia was noted in all of the patients; it abolishes the cerebral vasoconstriction due to Alfatesine; the cerebral blood flow did not fall neither did the C.
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86789f69-969a-409a-bc9a-db49fa8d1138
| 3 |
S.F. pressure.
|
c6d58c7d-c86b-4c68-abd7-e676dbaa792a
| 0 |
[Transformation of sorbitol to mannitol when used in parenteral administration]. This was shown by the unexpected discovery of the urinary excretion of mannitol when urinary sorbitol levels were being measured in connection with the surveillance of patients suffering from malnutrition and head injury and receiving total parenteral nutrition: glucose, sorbitol, amino-acids, soya oil. The presence of mannitol in the urine would appear to result from a secondary catabolic through physiological pathway for the fructose produced by the metabolism of sortibol not metabolised during glycolysis.
|
6812ef87-fb2c-4243-b4e3-93783423420d
| 0 |
[Clinical evaluation of the new anesthetic "Ethrane"]. Seventy-four patients aged 14 months to 71 years, classified as ASA I and II were anesthetised with Ethrane for surgical interventions of mean duration 117 minutes. With the exception of 5 patients who were directly anesthetised with Ethrane, the others received Ethrane after induction with Penthiobarbitone.
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6812ef87-fb2c-4243-b4e3-93783423420d
| 1 |
Maintenance of anesthesia was ensured with 1 to 4p. 100 concentrations of Ethrane and 33p. 100 oxygen and 66p. 100 nitrous oxide. Tracheal intubation was facilitated by injection of 1 mg/kg of succinylcholine. Induction with enflurane is rapid with no phenomena of excitation or irritation of the ear passages.
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6812ef87-fb2c-4243-b4e3-93783423420d
| 2 |
The cardiovascular apparatus is stable with no arrythmia but an increase in heart rate of 11 to 50p. 100 is noted and in 41p. 100 of the cases hypotension of 35p. 100 of the intitial value. During spontaneous ventilation, a type of rapid and superficial respiration is observed with a flow volume of 5.3
|
6812ef87-fb2c-4243-b4e3-93783423420d
| 3 |
ml/kg for an average frequency of 25/min. The arterial blood gases show slight hypercapnia. Myorelaxation is significant and better than that obtained with halothane. Coming round poses few problems apart from agitation in adolescents. Response to simple orders appears at 13 minutes. Trembling and rigidity occur in 41p.
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6812ef87-fb2c-4243-b4e3-93783423420d
| 4 |
100 of the cases for 5 to 30 minutes. From the hepatic point of view, no lastin enzyme changes were noted and no renal toxicity was demonstrated. Ethrane appears to be a good anesthetic agent but the few advantages mentioned means that it does not fulfil ideal conditions.
|
6bf6d187-34b0-4a59-a1ca-7031e3764a3f
| 0 |
[A case of acute tobacco poisoning by enema]. The authors report the case of a 5 month old child intoxicated with nicotine through an enema. A mother who wished to treat her infant for constipation had administered to him as an enema a decoction of green tobacco leaves; 15 to 20 minutes after the enema, the child showed diarrhoea and respiratory disturbances. The authors treated the respiratory disturbances by assisted respiration and bradycardia and the diarrhoea with atropine. They also caused a force diuresis using a 10 p. 100 glucose solution and Furosemide.
|
1c6e05a7-f0fc-44ac-9f59-c05292c35c7d
| 0 |
[Hemodynamic effect of enflurane in man]. The following hemodynamic parameters: cardiac frequency, peripheral arterial pressure, pulmonary pressure and cardiac output were measured by direct catheterisation, as the total peripheral vascular resistance and the systolic ejection volume were calculated from the registered results. The cardiac frequency and the pulmonary arterial pressure were practically not modified in our patients, though we have observed a statistically significant decrease of systolic (-30p.
|
1c6e05a7-f0fc-44ac-9f59-c05292c35c7d
| 1 |
100) and diastolic (-27p. 100) arterial pressure. The total peripheral vascular resistance shows a marked diminution (-20p. 100) after giving Ethrane? for ten minutes. If it is possible that one part, surely important, of the cardiac output, is preserved under Ethrane anesthesia by a significant decrease of the total peripheral vascular resistance, a myocardial depression might be questionned, the decrease of cardiac output at 30 minutes being more important than the decrease of the total peripheral vascular resistance.
|
115280ad-2d4a-4b43-bac9-7f7be393c99e
| 0 |
[Postoperative circulatory arrest (apropos of 37 cases)]. Within five years, the authors received 37 patients who had presented a post-operative cardiac arrest. Most of them came from the Bordeaux district (from the hospital as well as the public sector) although they did not represent the totality of such accidents.
|
115280ad-2d4a-4b43-bac9-7f7be393c99e
| 1 |
The study bears first of all upon the data concerning the patients, then upon the surgical intervention, the mode of anaesthesia and ventilation, the posture and finally the treatment. In 10 cases. it was noted, as early as the admission, that the blood volume feel short of the theoretical total blood volume by one liter or more.
|
115280ad-2d4a-4b43-bac9-7f7be393c99e
| 2 |
The authors take into account how traces of previous affections, the localization in O.R.L., and, in ophthalmology, an important number of mistakes in anaesthesia, favour the progress of the genesis of the accident.
|
5749dacd-493f-4cdd-b800-3bd9e303b441
| 0 |
[New ventilation technic in anesthesia for direct suspension laryngoscopy]. The authors bring not only the results of their experience but a solution of the respiratory problems during anaesthesia in suspension laryngoscopy, thanks to the devising of a new intubation probe and a pre-set automatic insufflator with varying volum flow.
|
557192ea-7f55-4bed-86c7-26d1c0ce587e
| 0 |
[The second electromyographic study of surgical curarization with AH.8165, a new pachycurare derivative of azobis-arylimidazo(1-2a) pyridinium]. This second electromyographic study of AH-8165, a product derived from azobis-arymilidazo-(1-2a) pyridinium, carried out with a special apparatus which both stimulates and records, specifies the characteristics of the neuro-muscular block induced by this new non-depolarizing type curarizing substance while taking into account the usual factors of the curarimimetic variability of action.
|
557192ea-7f55-4bed-86c7-26d1c0ce587e
| 1 |
After an initial dose of 1 mg per kg of bodyweight, we notice particularly: -the lapse of time required for a complete block (90 s), its intensity and duration (normally total during at least one hour) -the morphology of the electromyogram during the curarization and the decurarization either spontaneous or induced by Neostigmin with in particular -the muscular fatigability after repeated stimulation following curarization and chiefly during decurarization, chronological data und electro-myographic aspects which are found as well after a reinjection of AH-8165 equivalent to the half of the previous one.
|
d6963e7a-5698-4aee-b15f-1e51389e4e9a
| 0 |
[Contribution to the study of Trive 1000]. A glucid-lipid and protein compound nutriment: Trive 1000 was administered to 53 patients during the first three postoperative days in varying doses: -1.000 ml per day to a first group -1.500 ml per day to a second group. The local tolerance was quite good.
|
d6963e7a-5698-4aee-b15f-1e51389e4e9a
| 1 |
However, a few accidents of a general character were noted: they were due to a great extent to a non-observance of the rules of preservation. A study of the glucides, in Sorbitol form, showed a good assimilation of the substratum. Glycemia remaining within normal, no glycosuria or ketonuria could be observed.
|
d6963e7a-5698-4aee-b15f-1e51389e4e9a
| 2 |
The assimilation of the proteins seemed on the whole satisfactory. No important rise in the blood urea was noted. Nitrogen balances showed that, thanks to this nutriment, almost half of them were positive during the post-aggressive period. The more important the dose of Trive 1000, the more positive the nitrogen balances were.
|
d6963e7a-5698-4aee-b15f-1e51389e4e9a
| 3 |
The administration of lipids did not reveal any significant change in the total lipids, triglycerides or cholesterol. A study of the graphic record of lipid levels showed chylomicrons twice. On the opposite, lipoproteins were hardly modified apart from a significant in pre-beta lipoproteins. The quantitative analysis of amino-acids proved interesting.
|
d6963e7a-5698-4aee-b15f-1e51389e4e9a
| 4 |
A comparative study of amino-acids both in blood and urine before and after the administration of Trive 1000 showed very little variations in connection with essential amino-acids. If the proportions in the blood of non-essential amino-acids were comparatively but little modified before and after the treatment, on the oppostie, the urinary clearance rate of the same amino-acids after treatment was far more variable and often quite important as far as certain amino-acids were concerned.
|
ece5c8d9-6bc9-40a9-a109-d9db22bf54f4
| 0 |
[Comparative study of nitrogen savings during enteral and parenteral feeding (Trive 1000)]. Through a study of Nitrogen balances, the authors compare the effectiveness of a proteinic intake carried out per os or by intravenous route. The study involved 22 different carcinoma carriers and lasted for 9 days during which the Nitrogen intake was effected either by the digestive tract or by intravenous route supplemented by a sufficient caloric ration.
|
ece5c8d9-6bc9-40a9-a109-d9db22bf54f4
| 1 |
In the latter case, the aminoacid intake was supplied by Trive 1000 combined with glucides and lipids which were then quantitatively deducted from the enteral intake. A study of the results showed that the assimilation of the Nitrogen injected intravenously was very similar to the one obtained by enteral route.
|
819276a9-2d48-4fed-9089-1a586bb303d1
| 0 |
[The utilization of EB 51 in parenteral feeding. Clinical, biological and anatomopathological control. Statistical study on 30 patients]. Two groups of patients (comas of central origin and serious digestive undernourished) were submitted to an exclusive or a supplementary parenteral feeding for a short or a long period of time totaling over 500 days.
|
819276a9-2d48-4fed-9089-1a586bb303d1
| 1 |
The catheter was placed (in 80 p. cent of the cases) in a deep vein and was tunnellized. EB 51 (Trivemil) used in those 30 patients gives amino-acids, lipids and glucides. The caloric intake was completed by 30 p. cent glucose solutes. If the average caloric intake was 3.000
|
819276a9-2d48-4fed-9089-1a586bb303d1
| 2 |
calories per day, it was often above that figure since the feeding was combined with a nutri-pump enteral feeding for 60 p. cent of the days. The clinical tolerance was quite good. On a biological level, in addition to classic investigations, 40 analytic graphic records of lipid levels were made, as well as a quantitative analysis of serous triglycerides and lipurias, a study of sorbitol and 500 nitrogen balances combined with 150 chromatographies on the acidaminuria column.
|
819276a9-2d48-4fed-9089-1a586bb303d1
| 3 |
An hepatic biological control was also made (amnoniemia, transaminases) as well as a quantitative analysis of lactates, pyruvates and minerals: iron-phosphorus-magnesium. Some of the results were checked by statistical studies. No serious anomaly was detected. Lung and hepatic biopsies carried out upon 9 patients did not apparently reveal any lipidic overloading.
|
819276a9-2d48-4fed-9089-1a586bb303d1
| 4 |
The clinical and the biological investigation show that this complete nutriment is perfectly tolerated and assimilated.
|
28cd1301-1c91-4fc1-b806-59e0d7ccf6a9
| 0 |
[Effect of increasing doses of dopamine on the left ventricular function in the dog]. A study on eleven dogs of the effects of increasing doses of dopamine on the left ventricular function. A description of the method which consists of a venous shunt connected to an extra-corporeal circuit and which allows modification simply and rapidly of the state of vascular refilling of the animal.
|
28cd1301-1c91-4fc1-b806-59e0d7ccf6a9
| 1 |
The results differ according to the pressure-level of the refilling of the left ventricule. At low pressure, the dopamine increases the arterial pressure, the cardiac output and the systolic activity of the left ventricle for a reduced tachycardic effect. At higher pressure, the average aortic pressure is only slightly increased and the systolic activity is elevated without increase in cardiac output.
|
28cd1301-1c91-4fc1-b806-59e0d7ccf6a9
| 2 |
These facts indicate dopamine in states of shock with a low pressure of refilling.
|
17635047-6150-4d96-a341-adfd12174b7b
| 0 |
[The effect of intravenous dopamine on the hemodynamics of the heart]. The pharmacological study of dopamine was conducted on 14 patients: eleven normal patients and three with incipient myocardiopathies. The dosages used were 3, 6 and 12 mug/kg/min. The "pump" function, the peripheral resistances, the contractility and the ventricular compliance were studied.
|
17635047-6150-4d96-a341-adfd12174b7b
| 1 |
Dopamine is a positive inotropic agent without chronotropic action at doses of 6 and 12 mug/kg/min. It acts by increasing the contractility and the venous return and by decreasing the peripheral resistances; this effect disappears with strong dosages.
|
eb85b554-9ef7-4cec-82bd-00a671a44801
| 0 |
[Hemodynamic study of dopamine used in chronic heart failures and in cardiogenic shock as a complication of acute myocardial infarct]. The object of this study is to examine the properties of dopamine at the hemodynamic and renal level in 16 patients with decompensated chronic cardiopathies or very serious cardiogenic shock due to myocardial infarction.
|
eb85b554-9ef7-4cec-82bd-00a671a44801
| 1 |
The results show an increase in the cardiac index in 75 p. 100 of the cases with a favourable diminution of the arterio-venous difference in O2 and of the pulmonary arterial resistances. The most noticeable and the most constant effect is the recovery and increase of the diuresis.
|
eb85b554-9ef7-4cec-82bd-00a671a44801
| 2 |
Positive chronotropic and bathmotropic effects were observed which necessitated the limitation of prescription of dopamine in those subjects showing signs of disturbances in ventricular excitability.
|
b54c00e4-a426-444c-8e96-cbef3c78c65c
| 0 |
[Studies of the variations in functional renal values induced by intravenous dopamine]. We studied, on six patients, the variations in functional renal value and urinary excretion of electrolytes during the intravenous administration of dopamine and in the hours immediately following. Two groups of patients are distinguished. In groupe I, all of whom had normal functional renal values, there was no modification of these, while we observed increases in output, in excretion of electrolytes and in the clearance of the uric acid.
|
b54c00e4-a426-444c-8e96-cbef3c78c65c
| 1 |
In group II, composed of patients with renal insufficiencies, the modifications are less definite but the diuretic and saluretic effect is present. The salidiuretic effects of the dopamine would seem to be dissociated from the cardiovascular effects.
|
47354569-000c-4d04-b5dc-49738924913f
| 0 |
[The use of dopamine during postoperative cardiogenic shock in children. Preliminary results]. Dopamine was used in a dose of 5 mug/kg/min in ten infants with congenital cardiopathy and presenting in the immediate postoperative period a syndrome of low cardiac output. The output was not measured but, based on the evolution of the clinical signs, six favourable results, with correction of the syndrome, can be reported.
|
4cff1483-e623-4b94-b9e8-b2b7c1baa609
| 0 |
[Use of dopamine in postoperative reanimation after heart surgery. Preliminary results]. The dopamine was used on ten patients having undergone one or several valvular replacements under extra-corporeal circulation. The essential indication was the appearance postoperatively of more or less serious circulatory failure. The dopamine was administered by drip in doses of 2.5
|
4cff1483-e623-4b94-b9e8-b2b7c1baa609
| 1 |
, 5 or 10 mug/kg/min. The effects on the frequency of the cardiac rhythm were moderate. On two cases, ventricular hyperexcitability induced by isoprenaline disappeared under dopamine. The chief effects were an increase in cardiac output, in the form of an increase in the volume of systolic ejection and lowering of the peripheral resistances.
|
4cff1483-e623-4b94-b9e8-b2b7c1baa609
| 2 |
A steady increase in urinary volume preceded the amelioration of clinical signs of circulatory failure.
|
52b48e2b-3949-47e4-b3ab-e21ae4e42a08
| 0 |
[Use of dopamine in acute cardiovascular distress. Its place in comparison to isoproterenol]. Nineteen patients presenting cardiovascular distress were treated with dopamine. For seventeen of these, the accident occurred immediately after cardiac surgery. Dosages varied from 1 to 15 mug/kg/min and the duration of treatment from 10 minutes to three days.
|
52b48e2b-3949-47e4-b3ab-e21ae4e42a08
| 1 |
The efficacy of the treatment was judged according to the clinical and hemodynamic improvement of the cardio-circulatory function and the increase in urinary output. There were 15 favourable results. The positive effects of the dopamine seem to be limited in certain patients by the appearance of a cyanosis testifying to a rise in vascular resistances which increases the left auricular pressure and limits the inotropic effect.
|
52b48e2b-3949-47e4-b3ab-e21ae4e42a08
| 2 |
In these cases, isoproterenol or a combination of both isoproterenol and dopamine gives better results.
|
f4a03358-0ca4-4f81-98e9-664062f8a8e5
| 0 |
[Dopamine and shock. Preliminary clinical study of 7 cases]. Seven patients presenting a state of shock were treated with dopamine. The authors remark an undeniable effect on arterial pressure which rises again and on the diuresis.
|
62d21cae-eece-4a75-9ad9-14e1dcfc3cbe
| 0 |
[Use of dopamine in the treatment of cardiogenic shock. Preliminary results]. A study of seven patients, each of whom was treated with dopamine within three hours after suffering a myocardial infarction. For four of these, a comparative study was made with isoproterenol, glucagon and ouabaine. The average age of the subjects was 72 years, and all presented considerable myocardial lesions before the treatment was begun.
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62d21cae-eece-4a75-9ad9-14e1dcfc3cbe
| 1 |
Despite improvement, particularly in diuresis and cardiac output, none of the patients survived. The authors explain these results by the fact that, like all powerful inotropic agents, dopamine produces an increase in oxygen consumption of the myocardium for the ischemic cells situated in the zone contiguous to the infarct.
|
e1a943b1-0a44-4492-929d-faea24effdff
| 0 |
[Comparison of the endocrine response under 2 kinds of anesthesia: neuroleptanalgesia of the chlorprothixene-dextromoramide type and venous anesthesia of the type alfadione-fentanyl]. In 14 patients anaesthetized before undergoing an orthopedic surgical intervention, the variations induced by anaesthesia in the 17 hydroxycorticosterone rate, catecholamine, somatotropic hormone (STH), insulin, glycemia, free fatty acids and thyrotropin (TSH), all these variations were studied before the surgery. The patients were divided into 2 groups of 7, the first one being anaesthestized by chlorprothixene dextromoramide Neurolept-Analgesia and the second one by Alfadione Fentanyl venous anaesthesia.
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b43f4361-3cfa-4908-9453-5d82c98b7644
| 0 |
[The place of enflurane in neuro-anesthesia]. In neuro-anaesthesia, anaesthetic agents must be in accordance with certain criteria necessary to the preservation of the integrity of the brain. Therefore it was in such a perspective that we re-appraised the effects of enflurane upon cortical irritability, metabolism, cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure.
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b43f4361-3cfa-4908-9453-5d82c98b7644
| 1 |
We reached the following conclusions: in normocapnia, and with optimal clinical concentrations, this drug remains the best anaesthetic agent since it has no harmful effect either upon metabolism or upon cerebral blood flow. However, in hypertensive cerebral lesions, caution is called for an it seems advisable to combine Enflurane with mild doses of fentanyl.
|
b43f4361-3cfa-4908-9453-5d82c98b7644
| 2 |
Finally, anaesthesia with enflurane is followed by a rapid and smooth return to consciousness, a valuable factor in neurosurgery where post-operative neurological watching matters very much.
|
c2f8e588-c40f-4149-9d94-b569a23d72e6
| 0 |
Immunology and microbiology in acute otitis media. Various immunological parameters were measured in serum, middle ear fluid (MEF), and lymphocytes from peripheral blood and MEF of infants with acute otitis media due to S. pneumoniae or H. influenzae. Approximately half of 131 patients had IgE specific antibody to the infecting bacterium as determined by the indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) technique.
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c2f8e588-c40f-4149-9d94-b569a23d72e6
| 1 |
Seventy-one percent of these IgE positive patients had IgE specific antibody in the MEF. Total IgE concentration was found to be from an average of 1.5 to 3.0 times higher in the MEF when compared to the simultaneously drawn serum. In addition, antibody to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides and to pneumococcal C-carbohydrate was demonstrated in the MEF by radioimmunoassay.
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c2f8e588-c40f-4149-9d94-b569a23d72e6
| 2 |
When MEF specific antibody was compared to serum antibody it appeared that antibody to C-carbohydrate was more concentrated in the MEF. That this antibody was of the IgE class was suggested by IFA but not conclusively proven. Evidence exists that conditions for enhanced IgE synthesis is concomitantly associated with a decrease in T-cell activity.
|
c2f8e588-c40f-4149-9d94-b569a23d72e6
| 3 |
T-cell function in MEF derived lymphocytes as determined by rosette formation and by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation was approximately one-tenth that of the peripheral blood lymphocytes. However, that T-cells may participate in the immune response to polysaccharides was suggested by the observation that polysaccharide stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes from infants immunized with octavalent pneumococcal capsular vaccine underwent protein synthesis two to three times that of the PHA stimulated cells.
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c2f8e588-c40f-4149-9d94-b569a23d72e6
| 4 |
The clinical significance of this finding as well as the nature of the cell responsible for the increased protein synthesis remains to be established. It is hypothesized that acute otitis media results from local synthesis of bacteria specific IgE antibody which is enhanced by a paucity of local T-cell activity.
|
a268dd51-ae57-4019-9434-c261f4d914a0
| 0 |
Otitis media in the newborn infant. Otitis media occurs frequently in newborn infants and often is associated with systemic infection. Patients studied at the Boston City Hospital have provided preliminary data on the otoscopic findings, tympanometric patterns and etiologic agents characteristic of otitis in this age group.
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b7f46056-9730-406f-8c3b-a5ad41ea00d6
| 0 |
Microorganisms in chronic otitis media with effusion. A total of 175 effusions obtained from 172 patients suffering from chronic otitis media with effusions was examined for bacterial smear and culture. Eighty percent showed positive bacterial smear, but only 49% yielded positive bacterial culture. The mucoid effusions had positive cultures in only 37%, whereas the bacterial culture rate was higher in serous (59%) and leukocytic (64%) types.
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b7f46056-9730-406f-8c3b-a5ad41ea00d6
| 1 |
The isolation of common pathogens accounted for about 50% of the isolates, and nonpathogens accounted for the remaining 50%. The high incidence of microorganisms in the middle ear effusions in the present series raises the possibility of bacterial contribution in many cases of OME.
|
205ba7eb-087c-45fa-9d42-f6fb029aca9a
| 0 |
Gastro-oesophageal reflux and hiatal hernia. A re-evaluation of current data and dogma. Various methods of investigating and treating patients with gastro-oesophageal disorders are described and the rationale of current concepts is outlined. Emphasis is placed throughout on gastro-oesophageal reflux and its sequelae rather than on sliding hiatal hernias. Symptoms of gastro-oesophageal dysfunction can be misleading, and careful studies are essential in assessing its importance and the results of various modes of therapy.
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4318d548-c218-4f51-b43b-129a57be272c
| 0 |
A new look at the measurement and interpretation of enzyme assays. Some methodological problems in clinical enzymology, including instability of enzymes in the incubation mixture and requirements for optimal reaction conditions, are highlighted. The importance of a knowledge of fundamental enzyme biochemistry and physiology as the basis for their diagnostic application is stressed, and the different behaviour of some hepatic enzymes--namely, GOT, GPT, gamma-GT, and OCT, in various pathological conditions is traced back to their characteristic biochemical and physiological properties.
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4318d548-c218-4f51-b43b-129a57be272c
| 1 |
In the field of urinary enzymes a knowledge of the ideal requirements for the enzyme investigation of the various renal functions and of the properties of potentially valuable enzymes permits a critical selection of the really useful ones.
|
68d7a6b3-822b-44d3-85be-0e3eba364bba
| 0 |
Allergic factors in management of middle ear effusions. There is no single specific therapy for the treatment of middle ear effusions and, therefore, a holistic approach to management is necessary. Current management involves multiple therapeutic modalities of which we believe tube and allergy are most efficient.
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b246e178-2f3b-4afb-8434-f812f0efa094
| 0 |
[Properties of penicillin amidase covalently bound to cellulose matrices]. Properties of penicillinamidase (PA) covalently bound with the cellulose matrix were studied. The efficiency of the binding depended on the bind type and purity of the native enzyme taken for binding. Stability of the immobilized PA (IPA) was studied at wide pH ranges.
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b246e178-2f3b-4afb-8434-f812f0efa094
| 1 |
The effect of the ion strength, substrate concentration and purity of the native PA on stability of IPA was also investigated. The maximum stability of the enzyme was observed at pH 6.5-7.0 Stability of IPA depended on the purity of the native enzyme. When PA of the diazotized ether of cellulose containing amino groups was used, the enzyme was destabilized.
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b246e178-2f3b-4afb-8434-f812f0efa094
| 2 |
IPA prepared on chlortriazinylcellulose was more stable than the respective native PA almost by I order.
|
f44a7dad-e066-4d64-bcbc-9d8cf562f438
| 0 |
[Determination of the biological activity of heliomycin by a method of diffusion in agar]. A biological method for determination of geliomycin activity using agar diffusion is described. A nutrient medium containing Hottinger broth up to 35 mg per cent of amine nitrogen, 1.5 percent of agar-agar, tap water, pH 7.8 to 8.0 was used. Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 served as the test-culture. Geliomycin was dissolved in 0.1 N sodium hydroxide solution.
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016ce595-d99c-45c5-b2ec-12cc25be3c01
| 0 |
[Study of the effect of the oxytetracycline crystallization conditions on the process indices]. Such factors as the rate of the changes in pH, temperature, mixer speed and the nature of the anions present in the solution has a significant effect on the indices of oxytetracycline dihydrate crystallization, i.
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016ce595-d99c-45c5-b2ec-12cc25be3c01
| 1 |
e. residual content of the antibiotic in the mother solution and the specific surface of the crystalls. In this connection the effect of the above factors on the main indices of the process were studied. On the basis of the experimental data dependences were found which provided determination of the crystallization conditions securing the process indices.
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8dd6ea98-fd2e-47d8-9182-d5136487640a
| 0 |
[Analysis of the data in the literature on the sensitivity of cholera vibrios to tetracycline]. Variation diagrams were proposed to be used for the analysis of the published data on the study of Vibrio cholerae sensitivity to tetracycline. The diagrams provided systematization of dissimilar data of the experimental studies and a unique system of estimation was created.
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8dd6ea98-fd2e-47d8-9182-d5136487640a
| 1 |
The analysis of the systematized data provided dividing of the Vibrio cholerae strains tested into 4 groups differing in the levels of their sensitivity to tetracycline. The groups were independent of the Vibrio cholerae biotypes and the place and period of the strain isolation.
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ed0bbfda-e576-42cd-a098-1162e7249012
| 0 |
[Toxicological characteristics of ampicillin]. Toxocity of ampicillin trihydrate was studied in acute and chronic experiments. It was shown that the antibiotic had low acute toxicity, did not cumulate and had no skin-irritating effect. On its inhalation in concentrations of 5 mg/m3 for 4 months, ampicillin induced allergization of albino rats, decreased their immunity.
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ed0bbfda-e576-42cd-a098-1162e7249012
| 1 |
The general toxic effect of the drug was slightly pronounced. Ampicillin in a concentration of 0.1 mg/m3 induced tension of the immunological reactivity of the organism. The maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of ampicillin in the working premises equal to 0.1 mg/m3 is recommended. Mark "Allergen" is necessary.
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a4b9a46f-8bed-4eba-87f3-9a6c69b374fa
| 0 |
Susceptibility of pneumococci and Haemophilus influenzae to antibacterial agents. Strains of Diplococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae were tested for susceptibility to numerous antibiotics by a twofold agar dilution method using an inocula replicator. Undiluted, fully grown broth cultures were used as inocula for both species, and cultures of pneumococci diluted 1:
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a4b9a46f-8bed-4eba-87f3-9a6c69b374fa
| 1 |
1,000 were also tested. The antibiotics included most of those in common use in the United States as well as some chemical modifications recently approved and others that are under investigation. The most striking aspect of the results was the marked susceptibility of the pneumococci to all the antibiotics tested except the polymyxins and most of the aminoglycoside antibiotics, although some new aminoglycosides were active in quite low concentrations.
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a4b9a46f-8bed-4eba-87f3-9a6c69b374fa
| 2 |
Some of the strains of pneumococci were of decreased susceptibility to penicillin G (minimal inhibitory concentrations, 0.2 to 0.4 mug/ml), but none were tetracycline resistant, although such strains had been reported previously from this laboratory. The strains of H. influenzae, which were all serologically nontypable, exhibited different patterns of susceptibility to the groups of antibiotics and to the individual chemically related ones.
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a4b9a46f-8bed-4eba-87f3-9a6c69b374fa
| 3 |
None of these strains (isolated early in 1972) were ampicillin resistant. The most active agents against H. influenzae were: carbenicillin and ampicillin, analogues related to each of them, rifampin, chloramphenicol, and the polymyxins. However, the tetracycline analogues other than tetracycline, some aminoglycosides, notably tobramycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, and verdamicin, erythromycin, and some new lincomycin analogues were also active in low concentrations.
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a4b9a46f-8bed-4eba-87f3-9a6c69b374fa
| 4 |
Trimethoprim alone was highly active, and in combination with sulfamethoxazole it was even more active and synergistic against strains of both D. pneumoniae and H. influenzae.
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8e8bc6df-7d1c-45df-ba00-2c70ae5bce2d
| 0 |
Comparative incidence of phlebitis due to buffered cephalothin, cephapirin, and cefamandole. Buffered cephalothin, cefamandole, and cephapirin were compared with respect to their tendency to produce phlebitis. Two grams of each agent was administered every 6 h for 4 days to 12 healthy volunteers in a double-blind crossover fashion.
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8e8bc6df-7d1c-45df-ba00-2c70ae5bce2d
| 1 |
Approximately 50% of intravenous sites developed mild (grade 1) phlebitis and 25% developed moderate (grade 2) phlebitis. The frequency of grade 1 inflammation did not differ significantly among the three cephalosporins. The proportion of individuals eventually exhibiting grade 2 phelebitis was highest with cefamandole, lowest with cephalothin (P = 0.07
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8e8bc6df-7d1c-45df-ba00-2c70ae5bce2d
| 2 |
), and intermediate with cephapirin; however, cephapirin required a substantially greater number of doses to produce grade 2 phelebitis than did the other two drugs. These findings, together with the results of other reports, suggest that interpretation of the phlebitogenic potential of these antibiotics must be made with caution.
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7de978f9-bc48-40a6-8eff-5421142849a8
| 0 |
Citric acid metabolism in hetero- and homofermentative lactic acid bacteria. The effect of citrate on production of diacetyl and acetoin by four strains each of heterofermentative and homofermentative lactic acid bacteria capable of utilizing citrate was studied. Acetoin was quantitatively the more important compound. The heterofermentative bacteria produced no acetoin or diacetyl in the absence of citrate, and two strains produced traces of acetoin in its presence.
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7de978f9-bc48-40a6-8eff-5421142849a8
| 1 |
Citrate stimulated the growth rate of the heterofermentative lactobacilli. Acidification of all heterofermentative cultures with citric acid resulted in acetoin production. Destruction of accumulated acetoin appeared to coincide with the disappearance of citrate. All homofermentative bacteria produced more acetoin and diacetyl in the presence of citrate than in its absence.
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7de978f9-bc48-40a6-8eff-5421142849a8
| 2 |
Citrate utilization was begun immediately by the streptococci but was delayed until at least the middle of the exponential phase in the case of the lactobacilli.
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e46a3d8d-2cf2-4797-a16c-b9cbe811fb55
| 0 |
Influence of specific growth rate on biomass yield, productivity, and compostion of Candida utilis in batch and continuous culture. Candida utilis was grown in batch and continuous culture on prickly pear juice as sole carbon and energy source. In batch culture the maximum specific growth rate (mum) and the substrate yield coefficient (Yps) varied according to sugar concentration.
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e46a3d8d-2cf2-4797-a16c-b9cbe811fb55
| 1 |
When the fermentation was carried out with 1% sugar, mum and Ys were 0.47/h and 42.6%, respectively. The best yields occurred in a chemostat at the pH range of 3.5 to 4.5 and temperature of 30 C. A beneficial effect on Ys was observed when the dilution rate (D) was increased.
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e46a3d8d-2cf2-4797-a16c-b9cbe811fb55
| 2 |
At a D of 0.55/h, the productivity was 2.38 g/liter per h. The maintenance coefficient attained a value of 0.09 g of sugar/g of biomass per h. Increases of D produced higher protein contents of the biomass. The information obtained indicates that protein production with Candida utilis, using prickly pear juice, should be carried out a high dilution rates where the Ys and protein content of the cell mass are also higher.
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a3ebec96-549d-4c4d-844c-40804ee71eab
| 0 |
Chemical manipulation of the heat resistance of Clostridium botulinum spores. The chemical forms of Clostridium botulinum 62A and 213B were prepared, and their heat resistances were determined in several heating media, including some low-acid foods. The heat resistance of C. botulinum spores can be manipulated up and down by changing chemical forms between the resistant calcium form and the sensitive hydrogen form.
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a3ebec96-549d-4c4d-844c-40804ee71eab
| 1 |
The resistant chemical form of type B spores has about three times the classical PO4 resistance at 235 F (112.8 C). As measured in peas and asparagus, both types of C. botulinum spores came directly from the culture at only a small fraction of the potential heat resistance shown by the same spores when chemically converted to the resistant form.
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a3ebec96-549d-4c4d-844c-40804ee71eab
| 2 |
The resistant spore form of both types (62A and 213B), when present in a low-acid food, can be sensitized to heating at the normal pH of the food.
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76a02dc9-4cb7-446b-b28f-ed814b474f3a
| 0 |
Poliovirus survival and movement in a sandy forest soil. Movement of poliovirus I (Chat) through nonsterile core samples of a sandy forest soil was monitored, using several regimens of loading with either dechlorinated final effluent from an operating activated sludge treatment plant or distilled water. Stimulated cycles of rainfall and effluent applications, resulting in ionic gradients, were shown to affect virus movement.
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76a02dc9-4cb7-446b-b28f-ed814b474f3a
| 1 |
Such studies indicate that poliovirus applied in effluents may move considerable distances through this soil after rainfall. Survival of poliovirus in the soil at 4 and 20 C has been monitored for 84 days. During this period, the capacity of the virus to migrate is unchanged.
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ad313bc1-ed08-46a5-8b82-c975f73276cd
| 0 |
Surface balance study of the interaction between microorganisms and lipid monolayer at the air/water interface. Using the surface balance technique, we have compared the interaction between Acholeplasma laidlawii and some marine bacteria towards different types of monolayered lipid films. Cells from A. laidlawii and Serratia marinorubra penetrate the film, whereas cells from Psuedomonas fluorescens form a layer underneath the film. The forces that bind microorganisms to the air/water interface are not strong enough to scatter a condensed monolayer but increase the strength of loosely packed monolayers.
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9a2c12f9-e0a5-4a32-9fd7-62252b530c9a
| 0 |
Toxicity of natural pyrethrins and five pyrethroids to fish. The toxicity of natural pyrethrins and five pyrethroids was determined with coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri), fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), channel catfish (Icatlurus punctatus), bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), and yellow perch (Perca flavescens).
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9a2c12f9-e0a5-4a32-9fd7-62252b530c9a
| 1 |
The 96-hour LC50's in static tests at 12 degrees C ranged from 24.6 to 114 mug/l of natural pyrethrins and from 0.110 to 1,140 mug/l of pyrethroids. Two pyrethroids, RU-11679 and SBP-1382 (R), were over 10 times more toxic than pyrethrum extract in the flow-through tests.
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9a2c12f9-e0a5-4a32-9fd7-62252b530c9a
| 2 |
Coldwater species of fish were more sensitive than warmwater species to all the compunds. Temperature (12-22 degrees C) influences the toxicity of natural pyrethrin and the pyrethroids. The natural pyrethrin was more toxic to fish in pH 6.5 than in pH 9.5 water, but the toxicity of pyrethroids was not influenced in the pH range.
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9a2c12f9-e0a5-4a32-9fd7-62252b530c9a
| 3 |
The two most toxic pyrethroids, RU-11679 and SBP-1382, Were deactivated more rapidly in water solutions than natural pyrethrins, S-bioallethrin, dimethrin, and d-trans allethrin.
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