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The European Northern Observatory (ENO) is the name by which the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and its observatories (the Teide Observatory on Tenerife and the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory on La Palma) are collectively known. Its name is a word play on the successful collaboration of the member countries in the European Southern Observatory organisation.
See also
European Southern Observatory
References
External links
ENO
Astronomical observatories in the Canary Islands
Astronomy in Europe
Astronomy institutes and departments
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20Northern%20Observatory
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All for Peru (, TPP), previously named National Coordinator of Independents (, CNI) was a centrist Peruvian political party.
Founded as a party aimed at gathering independent politicians, it participated in the 2006 and 2011 general elections within large coalitions, and but never attained representation in the Peruvian Congress. The party tried running in subsequent elections alone, but was disqualified in the 2016 election, and not admitted to participate in the 2021 election.
The party lost its registration at the National Jury of Elections for not participating in the 2021 election, effectively dissolving the party since no attempt has been made to reregister.
History
Founding
The party was founded by independent individuals who supported Lourdes Flores during her campaign for the 2001 Peruvian presidential election. Various independent movements gathered together on 23 February 2002 to form the National Coordinator of Independents.
Separation
In 2004, many factions of the National Coordinator of Independents separated, leaving the party weak at national level.
Rename (2009)
The National Coordinator of Independents changed its name to All for Peru in 2009.
Elections
All for Peru, then the National Coordinator of Independents, joined the Center Front alliance of Valentín Paniagua during the 2006 general election. The campaign saw little success, with none of the party's candidates being elected into Congress.
For the 2016 general election, the party presented Julio Guzmán as their presidential candidate. However, the National Elections Jury barred him from the election after it found irregularities in the party's internal processes. Guzmán would later go on to found the Purple Party.
In early 2020, Guzman's disqualification was then proven to be a result of corruption by the Cuellos Blancos del Puerto, an illegal Peruvian drug-trafficking network inside the National Jury of Elections. More than 1,000 individuals participated in establishing guidelines for the political movement.
Following Fernando Cillóniz ticket rejection for the 2021 general election, the party did not participate in said election, thus lost its registration at the National Jury of Elections. The party was officially dissolved on 7 September 2021.
Electoral history
Presidential election
Elections to the Congress of the Republic
Regional and municipal elections
References
2002 establishments in Peru
2021 disestablishments in Peru
Centrist parties in South America
Defunct political parties in Peru
Liberal parties in Peru
Political parties disestablished in 2021
Political parties established in 2002
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All%20for%20Peru
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Gemünden may refer to several places in Germany:
Gemünden am Main, a town in Bavaria
Gemünden (Wohra), a town in Hesse
Gemünden (Felda), a municipality in Hesse
Gemünden, Rhein-Hunsrück, a municipality in Rhineland-Palatinate
Gemünden, Westerwaldkreis, a municipality in Rhineland-Palatinate
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gem%C3%BCnden
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Don't You Forget About Me may refer to:
"Don't You (Forget About Me)", a 1985 song by Simple Minds
Don't You Forget About Me (novel), a 2007 novel in Cecily von Ziegesar's Gossip Girl series
Don't You Forget About Me (film), a 2009 Canadian documentary film about John Hughes
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t%20You%20Forget%20About%20Me
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The Samsung Digimax A7 (codename Kenox D7) is a digital camera which was produced by Samsung Techwin as a successor to the Samsung Digimax A6. It featured a 7-megapixel CCD, 15x zoom (3x optical and 5x digital), 4 cm macro, voice recording, and 30 frame/s MJPEG video recording.
External links
Samsung product page
Samsung Tech win
Digimax A7
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samsung%20Digimax%20A7
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Gemünden am Main (officially Gemünden a.Main) is a town in the Main-Spessart district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany and lies roughly 40 km down the Main from Würzburg. Gemünden has around 10,000 inhabitants.
Geography
Location
Gemünden is located in the Main-Spessart district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, on the Main, around 40 km downriver from Würzburg. Within the town, the River Sinn flows into the Franconian Saale, which itself then discharges into the Main. The Main river changes its direction at Gemünden, from northwest to west, marking the northeastern end of the Mainviereck ("Main Square") near Lohr am Main.
Gemünden lies on the Birkenhainer Strasse, an ancient trade road from Lower Franconia to today's Frankfurt Rhine Main Region.
Subdivisions
Gemünden's Stadtteile are Adelsberg, Aschenroth, Harrbach, Hofstetten, Hohenroth, Kleinwernfeld, Langenprozelten, Neutzenbrunn, Reichenbuch, Schaippach, Schönau, Seifriedsburg, Wernfeld and Massenbuch.
History
The local Schönau monastery () was founded in 1189 by Philipp von Thüngen. A Conventual Franciscan monastery since 1699, the monks' main job was to take care of the monastery and pilgrimage church.
The town, which likely had grown out of an early fishing village at the confluence of the three rivers, had its first documentary mention in 1243 in an agreement between Prince-Bishop of Würzburg and Countess Adelheid of Rieneck. According to the agreement, two thirds of the castle and half of the settlement were subject to the Hochstift (or secular authority) of the Prince-Bishops of Würzburg. This followed attempts by the Counts of Rieneck to expand their territory to the south. At that point, Gemünden had already been awarded the status of town by the Rieneck counts.
The castle above the town, the Scherenburg, had been built by the Rienecks to control the shipping on the Main and the eastern terminus of the Birkenhainer Strasse, an important trade route in the Middle Ages.
The first reference to Gemünden as an oppidum (town) was in a document from 1319. In 1377, Würzburg took control of the whole town but in 1405 the Hochstift Würzburg sold the town to the Counts of Rieneck, reserving a right to buy it back. In 1466, Rudolf von Scherenberg made use of this and returned the town to Würzburg. Under Scherenberg's rule, Gemünden experienced a period of prosperity. The castle was named after him. Besides fishing, winegrowing also was an important source of income.
During the German Peasants' War and the Thirty Years' War the town was spared from significant damage. The town hall was built between 1585 and 1596. The castle became disused and started to fall into ruin in the 18th century.
The Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg was eventually annexed by Bavaria in 1802. Gemünden became a Bavarian district seat (Kreisstadt); a railway link followed in 1854, Ludwig's Western Railway, nowadays the Main–Spessart railway. Gemünden became a railway hub. In 1872 came the opening of the Flieden–Gemünden line, in 1879 the Gemünden–Schweinfurt line and in 1884 the Gemünden – Hammelburg line.
During the time of the National Socialist régime, the Jewish community's synagogue was destroyed on Kristallnacht (9 November 1938) by SA men. During the Second World War, many Soviet prisoners of war had to perform forced labour in operations that were important to the war effort.
Owing to the town's strategically important location as a railway hub, two thirds of it was destroyed by Allied bombing raids and fighting towards the end of the Second World War. In the final days of the war, in April 1945, the railway junction was the subject of fierce fighting which lasted for six days.
Post-war, the railway was rebuilt and Gemünden once again became an important junction. In 1964, Deutsche Bundesbahn employed 1,200 people in Gemünden.
In 1972, the Gemünden am Main district was abolished. With the amalgamation of nine municipalities with 14 Ortsteile between 1971 and 1978, the municipal territory increased sevenfold.
Arts and culture
Museums
Film-Photo-Ton (“Film-Photo-Sound”) Museum in the Huttenschloss in Gemünden
Regular events
There are the Scherenburgfestspiele (festival) in July and August in the inner courtyard at the Scherenburg ruins. This is run by Festspielverein der Stadt Gemünden e.V..
Heimatfest is a local festival held every year on the fairgrounds on the opposite side of the Franconian Saale from the town's pedestrian precinct. It is always held during the summer months (usually either in June or July). It is very much a scaled-down version of the Oktoberfest (held at the end of September every year in Munich) with a beer tent, rides, and games. It is always one week in length (from Saturday to the following Sunday) concluding in a fireworks display from the Scherenburg castle ruins.
Gemünden was well known as the venue for the heavy metal festival "Up From The Ground". However, the festival was last held in 2007, and owing to a number of factors, including fears for safety and poor service access at the venue, the promoters have no plans to continue the festival in Gemünden.
Attractions
Over Gemünden's town centre rise the ruins of Scherenburg, a castle also known as Schloss Scherenberg, which once belonged to the Counts of Rieneck. Farther up the hill are found the ruins of the Slorburg, another castle.
The Elias Hügel Column from 1740 was built based on the design of the mostly destroyed original in Kaisersteinbruch. The master mason was Friedrich Opferkuh and the sculptor was Ferenc Gyurcsek. It also stands as a token of good collaboration between the Gemünden am Main Historical Society and the Kaisersteinbruch Museum and Cultural Club.
A plaque recalls the old synagogue that was heavily damaged on Kristallnacht (9 November 1938) and torn down in 1945. A memorial to those Soviet prisoners who lost their lives during forced labour, can be found in the direction of Rieneck. There is also a war cemetery, inaugurated in 1957.
At the far south of the municipal territory is the Ruine Schönrain, the ruins of a former priory and castle. Beneath the ruins, the railway tunnel enters the hill.
Sports
WWC White Water Company Gemünden am Main e.V.: canoe sport club with focus on whitewater canoeing and recreational sport
FV Gemünden/Seifriedsburg: football club
Governance
Town twinning
Duiven, Gelderland, Netherlands
Nals, South Tyrol, Italy
Zella-Mehlis, Thuringia
Coat of arms
The town's arms might be described thus: Azure a castle argent with wall embattled flanked by towers, rising behind the wall a greater tower, itself with two flanking turrets braced underneath against the tower, in the wall a gate Or, the leaves open showing a portcullis raised of the same, the opening sable, all tower and turret roofs and tops of merlons gules, all roofs conical, and on top of each a roundle of the third.
Infrastructure
Transport
Gemünden station is an important railway junction. The North-South railway from Fulda to Würzburg forms a junction here with the east-west line from Aschaffenburg to Würzburg. West of town, the newly built Hanover–Würzburg high-speed railway crosses the Main on the Gemünden Main Valley Bridge. Furthermore, the Franconian Saale Valley Railway (Fränkische Saaletalbahn) branches off at Gemünden, running to the spa town of Bad Kissingen. Gemünden is an important goods handling hub, and also running here are the Deutsche Bahn's Regionalbahn trains linking Gemünden with Würzburg and Aschaffenburg.
Gemünden lies on Bundesstraße 26.
Notable people
(b. 2 December 1664; d. 14 September 1719), master stonemason
(b. 17 June 1681; d. 22 August 1755), Imperial Baroque court master stonemason and churchbuilder
(b. 29 August 1884; d. 15 July 1951 in Bad Liebenstein), German jurist, writer and publisher, cofounder and managing director of the Karl-May-Verlag (publishing house).
(b. 9 June 1923; d. 11 July 2008), painter
(b. 1929, d. 2006), writer
Hans Michelbach (b. 1949), CSU politician
Andreas Kümmert (b. 1986), German singer, selected Eurovision participant, but turned down the offer.
Further reading
Anneliese Lussert and Olga Knoblach-Wolff: Dir sing ich Gemünden mein Lied by Hofmann, G H 1982.
Olga Knoblach-Wolff: Gemündener Türen und Tore. Impressionen und Erinnerungen in Bild und Wort. Accompanying historical commentary by Erhard Schenk.
References
External links
Main-Spessart
Towns in Bavaria
Populated places on the Main basin
Populated riverside places in Germany
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gem%C3%BCnden%20am%20Main
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The Martins is a comedy, produced and released in 2001, written and directed by Tony Grounds, starring Lee Evans and Kathy Burke. The film was released in the United Kingdom on 14 September 2001.
Synopsis
Out of work scrounger Robert Martin lives with his dysfunctional family who are long-suffering wife Angie, accident-prone son Little Bob, who is bullied at school even by his teacher who Robert brandishes a gun at, and pregnant teenage of 14 daughter Katie. They live in a shabby house in Hatfield, next door to the Galleria Shopping Centre above the A1, about twenty five miles north of London.
Competition addict Robert dreams of winning a holiday for his family to a dream island, which turns out to be the Isle Of Man. He fails to win a competition. Feeling cheated out of a win, he flips and first goes to the editor's office with a gun and steals his suit, then to an ice cream shop with his family and steals a parrot from a pet shop for Little Bob's birthday.
Robert tracks down the elderly winners, threatens them with a gun, ties them up in the cellar and steals their tickets. The police find them tied up. Upon arriving, Angie finds out Robert has cheated on her with their next door neighbour, however, the family enjoy the holiday. The Police eventually catch up with Martin; he is convicted and sent to prison. He is later released to find his family life has improved.
References
External links
2001 films
British comedy films
2001 comedy films
Films set on the Isle of Man
Films produced by Bruce Davey
2001 directorial debut films
2000s English-language films
2000s British films
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Martins%20%28film%29
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The Club Managers' Association Australia (CMAA) is a trade union in Australia. It represents approximately 2800 professional managers of clubs. It was founded in 1964 as the Club Managers' Association, and then changed its name in 1967 to the Secretaries' and Managers' Association of Australia and adopted its current name in 1993.
The CMAA is affiliated with the Australian Council of Trade Unions.
With the Leagues Club Association of New South Wales it produced in 1998 a joint submission to the Productivity Commission on Australia's gambling industries.
Former rugby league representative players Latchem Robinson and Snowy Justice were, as Leagues Club Secretary-Managers instrumental in the establishment of the Association in Sydney in 1964.
References
External links
CMAA official site.
Trade unions in Australia
Hospitality industry trade unions
Trade unions established in 1963
1964 establishments in Australia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Club%20Managers%27%20Association%20Australia
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Guy the Gorilla (1946–1978) was a western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) who was London Zoo's most famous resident and often profiled on children's TV shows and natural history productions. The exact day of Guy's birth was unknown, but the official birthday was set by the Zoo as May 30, and he received large numbers of cards each year.
Life
Guy arrived at the zoo on 5 November 1947, Guy Fawkes Night, hence his name. A baby, holding a small tin hot-water bottle, he weighed just 23 lb (10 kg). Guy was the replacement for the zoo's previous gorilla, Meng, who had died in 1941. Guy was captured in the French Cameroons on behalf of Paris Zoo and was traded for a tiger from Calcutta Zoo. It was arranged that London Zoo would receive Guy. The Paris Zoo Director sent instructions to their game department in West Africa to find a suitable female to mate with him.
London sent a request to animal dealers and zoos worldwide to find a mate, and in 1969 the zoo was offered Lomie, a five-year-old female who had been living in nearby Chessington Zoo. She then lived for a year in the old Monkey House in London Zoo before being introduced to Guy. When the new Ape and Monkey House, the Michael Sobell Pavilion, was opened in 1971, Guy and Lomie were finally introduced. However, after 25 years of isolation, it was too late; they never produced any offspring.
Lowland gorillas are the world's largest primates. Males can weigh between 140 and 275 kg. Guy's dimensions as silverback were measured in 1966 and 1971: he weighed 520 lb (240 kg), was 5 ft 4 in (1.63 m) tall, and had an arm span of 9 ft (2.7 m). His upper arm had a circumference of 23.5 in (58 cm), his thighs 28 in (70 cm), and his neck 36 in (90 cm).
His appearance was fearsome, yet his nature was very gentle; when small birds flew into his cage, he was often seen to lift them on his hands and examine them softly. This gentleness is said to have been a major part of his great popularity.
Guy died aged 31 or 32, in 1978 of a heart attack during an operation on his infected teeth. His tooth decay had been caused by the fact that visitors were allowed to feed him sweets.
During pre-production for the film 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), Dan Richter — who played the lead ape-man ("Moonwatcher") in the film — studied Guy intently and modelled his acting and mime performance partly on Guy's behaviour.
English musician David Dundas released his album Vertical Hold in 1978, which featured a song devoted to "Guy The Gorilla".
Legacy
A statue of Guy by the sculptor David Wynne was erected in Crystal Palace Park in 1961.
The Natural History Museum head taxidermist at the time of Guy's death, Arthur Hayward, was given the task of modelling and mounting Guy's skin. After nearly nine months of work, the re-creation of Guy was put on display at the Natural History Museum in November 1982. Years later, Guy was taken out of public display and moved into the scientific study collections. As of late 2012, however, he has been returned to public display as part of the permanent new 'Treasures' exhibition in the museum's Cadogan Gallery.
In 1982, Guy was commemorated by a bronze statue by William Timym, located near London Zoo's main entrance, by the Michael Sobell Pavilion for Monkeys and Apes, where Guy spent his final years. He is also commemorated in an oil painting by Timym which hangs in the library of the Zoological Society of London, the charity which runs London zoo.
See also
List of individual apes
Notes and references
External links
Guy the Gorilla: a life remembered (ZSL London Zoo, 2007)
Wolfgang Suschitzky's famous photo of Guy (1958) on the photographer's homepage.
1946 animal births
1978 animal deaths
Individual gorillas
London Zoo
Individual animals in England
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy%20the%20Gorilla
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CMAA may refer to:
Computer Graphics
Conservative Morphological Anti-Aliasing, an AA technique that is almost as fast as FXAA (Fast Approximate Anti-Aliasing) but with much less blurring.
Organizations
California Museum of Ancient Art
Cambodian Mine Action and Victim Assistance Authority
Church Music Association of America, the association of Catholic musicians
Club Managers' Association Australia, an Australian trade union
Club Managers Association of America, professional association for managers of membership clubs
Comics Magazine Association of America, a United States organization to regulate the content of comic books
Construction Management Association of America
Country Music Association of Australia
Crane Manufacturer's Association of America, a trade organization of leading electric overhead traveling crane manufacturers in the United States
Music
Country Music Awards of Australia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMAA
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Threads is the nineteenth album by Battlefield Band and their thirteenth studio album, released in 1995 on the Temple Records label.
Track listing
"In and out of the Harbour/The Top Tier/Sleepy Maggie/Molly Rankin" – 3:37
"The Arran Convict" – 4:26
"Snow on the Hills/Xesus and Felisa" – 3:17
"Tramps and Hawkers" – 5:47
"My Home Town/Kalabakan" – 3:43
"The Weary Whaling Ground" – 4:10
"Miss Kate Rusby" – 3:57
"The Same Old Story" – 4:45
"Simon Thoumire's Jig/Shake a Leg/Ríl Gan Ainm" – 3:56
"MacPherson's Lament" – 5:23
"Tam Bain's Lum/The Price of the Pig/Isabelle Blackley" – 4:52
"The Indian Lass" – 4:52
Personnel
Battlefield Band
Alan Reid
Iain MacDonald
Alistair Russel
John McCusker
Sources and links
Battlefield Band albums
1995 albums
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threads%20%28Battlefield%20Band%20album%29
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A
A Global Threat
Antidote
The Analogs
Anti-Flag
B
Blaggers I.T.A.
The Blood
The Briggs
The Boils
C
The Casualties
Career Soldiers
Cheap Sex
The Chisel
Clit 45
Cock Sparrer
D
Defiance
The Distillers
The Devotchkas
Disclose
Disfear
Dogsflesh
Driller Killer
Dropkick Murphys
The Ducky Boys
F
Foreign Legion
H
Hardsell
K
Klasse Kriminale
L
Los Fastidios
Lower Class Brats
Litmus Green
M
Major Accident
O
One Man Army
Oxymoron
P
Picture Frame Seduction
The Press
R
The Rabble
Rancid
Ratos de Porão
Red London
The Restarts
Roger Miret and the Disasters
Rux
S
Street Dogs
SS-Kaliert
Swingin' Utters
T
Time Again
Total Chaos
Totalitär
U
The Unseen
U.S. Bombs
U.K. Subs
V
The Virus
W
Wolfbrigade
References
Lists of hardcore punk bands
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20street%20punk%20bands
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Jennifer Sullivan (born 1945) is a Welsh writer for children and adults, and a former literary critic. She is best known for her Magic Apostrophe series of children's fantasy books. She is a recipient of the Tir na n-Og Award.
Biography
Sullivan was born in Cardiff, Wales, to Londoner Frederick Anderson (1900–1993), an electrician, and Phyllis (1905–2009), a short story writer.
Sullivan worked as a book critic for some years while her children were growing up. She has always written fiction, and during early professional years wrote mainly adult short stories. She has written a number of popular books, mostly suitable for 7–12 year olds, with Welsh themes incorporated into their story lines. She frequently visits primary schools in Wales to open events and carry out book signings.
Having lived in Raglan, Monmouthshire most of her life, Sullivan now resides in Brittany, France. She is married with three adult daughters, Kirsty, Tanith and Stephanie. Tanith is the name of a character from the Gwydion Trilogy.
In 1993, Sullivan was awarded the Irma Chilton Bursary, which is presented to aspiring children's novelists by the Welsh Arts Council.
Tiron's Secret Journal won the 2006 Tir na n-Og Award for the best English-language book of the year with a Welsh background. Sullivan won the award for the second time in 2012 with Full Moon.
Works
Magic Apostrophe series
The Magic Apostrophe
The Island of Summer
Dragonson
Who, Me?
Me and My Big Mouth
Dragons – and Decisions
Nobody Asked Me!
What Part of 'No' Don't You Understand?
Tree of Light
The Jellyfish, the Dragon and the Witch (stand alone book)
Gwydion series
Set prior to The Magic Apostrophe, before Gwydion meets Tan'ith
Gwydion and the Flying Wand
Magic Maldwyn
Betsan the Brave
Gwydion's Quest
Back End of Nowhere series
The Back End of Nowhere
Nowhere Again
Llancaiach fawr books
Tirion's Secret Journal
Troublesome Thomas
Underground railway books
Full Moon
Totally Batty
The Aled books
The Great Cake Bake
The Great Granny Hunt
Silver Fox series
Adult series set during Owain Glyndŵr's War of Independence
Silver Fox - It Behins
Silver Fox - The Paths Diverge
A third book is planned
Non-series booksFollowing Blue WaterMacsen and the PiratesA Guardian What?Celtic HeroinesC'mon, Cymru! (poetry)
Picture booksSiôn and the Bargain BeeTwo Left Feet (in Welsh and English)The Caterpillar That Couldn't (in Welsh and English)A Little Bit of Mischief'' (in Welsh and English)
References
External links
2002 interview at Welsh Books Council
(as of July 2015, but 3 recordings are probably another Jenny Sullivan)
1945 births
20th-century Welsh women writers
21st-century Welsh women writers
21st-century Welsh writers
Welsh children's writers
Welsh literary critics
British women literary critics
Welsh short story writers
Writers from Cardiff
Date of birth missing (living people)
Welsh women critics
British women children's writers
British women short story writers
Living people
20th-century British short story writers
21st-century British short story writers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jennifer%20Sullivan%20%28writer%29
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Kurchatov () is a town in Kursk Oblast, Russia, located on the Seym River west of Kursk. Population:
History
Kurchatov was founded in 1968 due to the construction of the Kursk Nuclear Power Plant and granted town status in 1983. It was named after a Soviet physicist Igor Kurchatov.
The town of Kurchatov, along with the neighbouring Kursk Nuclear Power Plant, stood in for the town of Pripyat and the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in the 1991 American television movie, Chernobyl: The Final Warning. In what is now Kurchatov the Kursk 1943 Battles were being fought over twice in that year.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Kurchatov serves as the administrative center of Kurchatovsky District, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of oblast significance of Kurchatov—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the town of oblast significance of Kurchatov is incorporated as Kurchatov Urban Okrug.
References
Notes
Sources
Cities and towns in Kursk Oblast
Cities and towns built in the Soviet Union
Populated places established in 1968
1968 establishments in the Soviet Union
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurchatov%2C%20Russia
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The Arkansas State League was an American minor league baseball league that played in various seasons between 1894 and 1935, forming three different times. The first version was in operation in 1894, followed by an 1897 league. The Class D level league operated from 1908 to 1909 in Arkansas and Louisiana and also in 1934 to 1935 in Arkansas and Missouri. In 1936, the league evolved to become the Arkansas-Missouri League. Little Rock and Rogers each won two league championships.
Cities represented
Alexandria, Louisiana: Alexandria Hoo Hoos 1909
Argenta, Arkansas: Argenta 1908; Argenta Shamrocks 1909
Bentonville, Arkansas: Bentonville Officeholders 1934–1935
Brinkley, Arkansas: Brinkley Infants 1908
Camden, Arkansas: Camden Rainmakers 1894
Cassville, Missouri: Cassville Tigers 1935
Fayetteville, Arkansas: Fayetteville Educators 1934; Fayetteville Bears 1935
Fort Smith, Arkansas: Fort Smith Indians 1894, 1897; Ft. Smith Soldiers 1909
Helena, Arkansas: Helena Ponies 1908; Helena Hellions 1909
Hot Springs, Arkansas: Hot Springs Bathers 1894, 1897; Hot Springs Giants 1908; Hot Springs Vaporites 1909
Huntsville, Arkansas: Huntsville Red Birds 1935
Jonesboro, Arkansas: Jonesboro Zebras 1909
Little Rock, Arkansas: Little Rock Rose Buds 1894; Little Rock Senators 1897
Monroe, Louisiana: Monroe Municipals 1909
Morrilton, Arkansas: Morrilton Cotton Pickers 1894
Newport, Arkansas & Batesville, Arkansas: Newport Pearl Diggers 1908; Newport-Batesville Pearl Diggers 1909
Pine Bluff, Arkansas: Pine Bluff Pine Knotts 1908
Poplar Bluff, Missouri: Poplar Bluff Tigers 1908
Rogers, Arkansas: Rogers Rustlers 1934; Rogers Cardinals 1935
Siloam Springs, Arkansas: Siloam Springs Buffaloes 1934; Siloam Springs Travelers 1935
Texarkana, Arkansas: Texarkana 1894 ;Texarkana Nobles 1897
Texarkana, Texas: Texarkana 1909
Standings & statistics
1894, 1897
1894 Arkansas State League
Season ended June 23
1897 Arkansas State League
After the league disbanded August 18, Little Rock and Hot Springs played a 21-game series for the championship of Arkansas.
1908 & 1909
1908 Arkansas State League
Poplar Bluff was replaced by Brinkley June 8. No Playoffs were scheduled.
1909 Arkansas State League
Argenta & Alexandria disbanded June 7; Monroe moved to Newport-Batesville July 1. League disbanded July 7.
1934 to 1935
1934 Arkansas State League
The Arkansas State League reformed with four teams. Franchises based in Bentonville, Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, Rogers, Arkansas, and Siloam Springs, Arkansas joined. The winners of the first and second halves of the season played for the league championship at the end of the year.
Playoff: Rogers defeated Siloam Springs 5–2 in a one-game playoff for the first half title. Bentonville was declared second half winner when Fayetteville and Siloam Springs folded August 19. Finals: Rogers defeated Bentonville 4 games to 3 for the championship.
1935 Arkansas State League
The league expanded, adding the franchises in Cassville, Missouri and Huntsville, Arkansas to expand from four teams to six teams.
Playoff: Rogers (1st half winner) defeated Siloam Springs (2nd half winner) 4 games to 3 for the championship.
All teams continued play in the renamed 1936 Arkansas–Missouri League. The Arkansas State League folded.
References
Sumner, Benjamin Barrett. Minor League Baseball Standings:All North American Leagues, Through 1999. Jefferson, N.C.:McFarland.
Hall, John G. "Majoring in The Minors." Oklahoma Bylines-Transcript Press, Norman, Oklahoma 1996 and republished 2000 by Inter-State Printing, Sedalia, Mo. .
Defunct minor baseball leagues in the United States
Baseball leagues in Arkansas
Baseball leagues in Louisiana
Baseball leagues in Missouri
1934 establishments in Arkansas
1935 disestablishments in Arkansas
Sports leagues established in 1894
Sports leagues disestablished in 1935
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas%20State%20League
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Albert Walter Johnson (April 17, 1906 – September 1, 1998) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.
Albert W. Johnson was born in Smethport, Pennsylvania. He attended the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania from 1926 to 1929. He was a member of the Smethport Borough Council from 1933 to 1934. He received his LL.B. from the Stetson University College of Law in DeLand, Florida, in 1938. He became a member of the Pennsylvania State House of Representatives from 1947 to 1963 and served as majority whip in the 1951 session, and minority whip in the 1955 session. He was the majority leader in the 1953, 1957, and 1963 sessions, and the minority leader in the 1959 and 1961 sessions.
He was elected as a Republican to the 88th Congress, by special election, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of United States Representative Leon Gavin, and was reelected to the six succeeding Congresses. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1976.
Johnson died from pneumonia at the age of 92.
Sources
The Political Graveyard
1906 births
1998 deaths
Republican Party members of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania
20th-century American politicians
Pennsylvania city council members
Pennsylvania lawyers
Stetson University College of Law alumni
Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania alumni
People from Smethport, Pennsylvania
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert%20W.%20Johnson
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Mau may refer to:
Places
Kenya
Mau Escarpment
Mau Forest
India
Mau, Bhind, a town in Madhya Pradesh
Mau, Mawal, Pune district, Marahrashtra
Mau, Punjab, a village in Punjab
Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
Mau district, Uttar Pradesh
Vietnam
Cà Mau, a city in Vietnam
People
Surname
August Mau, German art historian and archaeologist
Bruce Mau, Canadian designer
, German photographer and companion of novelist Hubert Fichte
Vũ Văn Mẫu, the last Prime Minister of South Vietnam
Other names
Maú (footballer), Santomean footballer
Mau Piailug, a traditional Micronesian navigator
Mau Power, an Australian hip hop artist, born Patrick Mau
Animals
Arabian Mau, a short-haired cat breed
Egyptian Mau, a short-haired cat breed
Other uses
Har-mau, an alternative name for the ancient Egyptian deity Horus
Mau Heymans, a Dutch comics artist for Disney
Mau movement, the non-violent anti-colonial movement of Samoa
Mau-Nilsonne Syndrome, a deformity of the knees better known as Blount's disease
Mau rakau, the pre-colonial martial system of the Maori people of New Zealand
Mao (card game)
See also
Mao (disambiguation)
Mao Zedong, leader of China 1943–1976
MAU (disambiguation)
Mau Mau (disambiguation)
Maus (disambiguation)
Maw (disambiguation)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mau
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Red, White and Tuna is the third in a series of comedic plays (preceded by Greater Tuna and A Tuna Christmas and followed by Tuna Does Vegas), each set in the fictional town of Tuna, Texas, the "third-smallest" town in the state. The plays were written by Jaston Williams, Joe Sears, and Ed Howard. The plays are at once an affectionate comment on small-town, Southern life and attitudes but also a withering satire of same. The plays are notable in that two men play the entire cast of nearly twenty eccentric characters of both genders and various ages. The first play, Greater Tuna, debuted in 1981 in Austin; Red, White and Tuna debuted in 1998.
Williams and Sears regularly tour the country to perform all four plays, with Howard directing. Of the four plays, Red, White and Tuna is notable in that Sears' and Williams' final costume change (normally done off-stage) is done in full view of the audience.
Red, White and Tuna is not currently available on VHS or DVD.
Cast of characters
(In order of respective appearance)
Performed by Williams:
Amber Windchime - Flower child, former Tuna resident
Arles Struvie - A disc jockey at radio station OKOK, now in a relationship with Bertha Bumiller
Petey Fisk - Employee of the Greater Tuna Humane Society
Charlene Bumiller - Daughter of Bertha Bumiller and brother to Stanley; now a military bride
Stanley Bumiller - Taxidermist, now residing in Albuquerque
Vera Carp - Town snob and leader of the Prayer Posse
Didi Snavely - Owner of Didi's Used Weapons ("If we can't kill it, it's immortal")
Helen Bedd - co-owner of "Helen & Inita's Hot-to-Trot Catering"
Garland Poteet - Soda dispenser and one of Helen's many boyfriends
Performed by Sears:
Star Birdfeather - Flower child, former Tuna resident
Thurston Wheelis - A disc jockey at radio station OKKK
Elmer Watkins - spokesperson for Free White Texas
Bertha Bumiller - Housewife and mother to Jody, Stanley, and Charlene, now in a relationship with Arles Struvie
Pearl Burras - Aunt to Bertha, whose potato-salad recipe is prize-winning
Joe Bob Lipsey - the "not-the-marrying-kind" director of the Tuna Little Theater
R.R. Snavely - UFOlogist and husband to Didi, now returned to Tuna
Inita Goodwin - co-owner of "Helen & Inita's Hot-to-Trot Catering"
Leonard Childers - Entrepreneur and radio personality on OKKK
The Reverend Spikes - Now out of prison
Plot
Act I
The show begins with two new-age hippie friends, Star Birdfeather (Sears) and Amber Windchime (Williams) driving back to Tuna, Texas at night. They are returning so that they can meet with old friends due to the 4th of July Homecoming Reunion and Fireworks display. They are nervous to see the state of the town, and are also nervous as to whether or not people will remember their 'past lives' from when they still lived in their hometown. They become so upset that Amber forces Star to pull over, and they hum to calm their inner peace (Until Star attempts to hum a Nancy Sinatra song, which angers Amber). They drive on apprehensively under the cover of the night.
The next morning, local radio station OKKK signs on and the DJ's Arles Struvie (Williams) and Thurston Wheelis (Sears) begin giving the daily announcements, which are focused around the 4th of July celebrations. The hot topic of the day is the dropping out of Didi Snavely (Williams) and Pearl Burras (Sears) from the Reunion queen contest, essentially ensuring that the stuck-up Vera Carp (Williams) will win. Also mentioned are several issues which are addressed throughout the show, including the Prayer Posse (led by Vera)'s drive to censor hymns, the members of Free White Texas attempts to declare the town of Tuna a free, independent white nation, and the wedding of Arles and Bertha Bumiller (Sears) the next day. The news is suddenly hit with a new hot topic, in that gay theatre director, Joe Bob Lipsey (Sears), has stormed off from his summer production of *Red, White, and Fabulous!* due to Vera saying he cannot sing a song about alcohol in a dry county. Local animal rights activist, Petey Fisk (Williams), also makes an announcement denouncing that all creatures with more than four legs are pests.
Meanwhile, at Bertha's home, she is doing her morning cleaning when Petey knocks on the door. They converse, and Petey brings up the subject of how Bertha only has six dogs left (the seventh having just died). Bertha suspects he has brought her another dog, but he explains how it is actually a cat that thinks it is a dog. She ends ups taking it after he shows how well it fends off a pair of Jehovah's Witnesses, that Bertha dislikes because "[she] can't stand a Christian who doesn't like war." She agrees to take the cat, and sends Petey away.
Her extremely pregnant daughter, Charlene (Williams) comes down and is having one of her usual fits over her military husband, Rayford, being gone overseas. Bertha attempts to talk her down, but Charlene eventually has a tantrum over the lack of malted milk balls and locks herself in her room. Her brother, Stanley (Williams), comes downstairs hearing the commotion. They both tell Bertha that they are not going to the reunion for different reasons. Stanley leaves to go visit his Aunt Pearl. Bertha receives a call from her best friend, Vera, who has graciously offered to host the wedding at her home. Their phone call (focused on how Vera thinks Bertha should not wear white tomorrow, as "[she] is marrying a divorced man"), is constantly interrupted by Vera's menace of a son, Virgil, and one of her Hispanic maids (all named Lupe for ease of remembrance) issues with understanding Vera's cleaning instructions. Bertha ends the conversations, and writes Arles a note saying that when he arrives, he can find her at Didi's Used Weapon's Shop.
Stanley arrives at Pearl's, and he voices his issues with his mother and Arles having sex at such an old age. Pearl reassures him, saying that she did not even start enjoying her sex life until she hit 65. Disgusted, Stanley has to leave. At Didi's Used Weapons shop (motto "if we can't kill it, it's immortal!"), Joe Bob has arrived demanding to purchase a suicide weapon. She tells him she simply cannot, as she has lost too much money over the years agreeing to that, and he leaves. Pearl also arrives, and they discuss briefly how they can prevent Vera from winning, but Didi's senile mother begins to have a fit offstage, and Pearl leaves as Didi goes to attend to her.
Bertha arrives looking for Didi, but cannot find her. Arles arrives, and they begin to argue over details of the wedding and their honeymoon. The argument climaxes in Arles saying that the wedding is off, and storming out. Bertha begins to cry as Didi re-enters, and she comforts her, saying that she is sure she can find Bertha a good maiming weapon. Bertha leaves in sadness, and Didi receives a call from Pearl, who has figured out an evil plan on how to get back at Vera. Didi leaves her shop to go see her, which she is suddenly face to face with her husband R.R. Snavely (Sears), a UFOlogist, who has not been seen for many years. She is upset with him, because in one more day he would have been pronounced legally dead. She begins to scold him and he shows that he has been abducted by aliens when he snaps his fingers, and she is unable to speak. She silently yells at him as they walk offstage.
Act II
That afternoon, Pearl discovers that her car is unable to start. Virgil Carp has also stolen his mother's car, so Vera has no way to get to her coronation ceremony. They see each other, say their respective silent insults, and politely ask each other for a ride. Vera suggests that they could borrow Lupe's old stick-shift if Pearl knows how to drive it. Pearl reveals she can not only drive it, she can hot-wire it and bypass the lack of keys. After they begin their trip, Pearl suddenly wrecks the car to avoid a head-on collision. As they begin to fight, Vera realizes it is time for the coronation. They turn on the radio, and Thurston reveals that the winner, by a landslide, is Joe Bob Lipsey. Vera is aghast, stating that "this isn't the type of queen we had in mind." Pearl can only laugh, revealing that she and Didi were Joe Bob's campaign managers. The radio is suddenly overtaken by Arles, who has evicted Thurston and locked himself in the broadcast room, stating he will not to leave until Bertha takes him back. He begins to loop the Roy Orbison song "Only The Lonely", in an attempt to get her back. Vera storms off.
At the reunion plaza, ditzy Helen Bedd (Williams) and Inita Goodwin (Sears) have set up their food booth (Helen & Inita's Hot-to-Trot Catering) and are ecstatic over the boys who are returning for the reunion. Helen goes off to see one, and Inita remembers that she left her foot powder for the square-dancing competition in the car. She sets out Pearl's prize-winning potato salad, and tells one of her many dumb boyfriends, Garland (Williams) to watch the booth. The stereotypical redneck is almost incapable of running the food booth, and is constantly distracted by Virgil Carp's firecrackers near the building. Mayor Leonard Childers (Sears) runs up to the food booth, out of breath. He is frantic over his wife, Helen, having taken members of Free White Texas hostage (a subplot started in Scene II), Joe Bob's winning the reunion queen crown, and Virgil's fireworks. Garland calms him with a plate of Pearl's potato salad, which upsets Leonard's stomach. Garland says he doesn't know the issue with it, as it's "tangy, but that's the way [he] likes it." It is revealed that the potato salad has been sitting in the heat for over two hours, having spoiled it. Garland exits to find Inita.
Vera appears, wielding her megaphone. She discovers that the potato salad has gone bad, and almost disposes of it before deciding that since the town listened to Pearl, they can all just eat her potato salad and "God can sort out the rest." She is surprised when Reverend Spikes (Sears) appears, asking how long he has been out of jail. He begins to answer, and then runs off when he hears a siren, not realizing it is the sound of an ambulance, and not a police car. Joe Bob walks over, singing his formerly banned song. Vera begins to darkly insult him, before realizing she can easily dispose of him. She politely offers him a bowl of the rancid potato salad, free of charge. He eats it, and Vera quickly leaves. He realizes what has happened, and runs to find a restroom.
Helen re-enters, and gets a phone call from the maid whose car Vera stole. She says that she found Vera's lipstick in the back seat, and Helen encourages her to call the police. R.R. walks over to the food booth, saying he wants to taste one of Helen's barbecue sandwiches before he heads back out to space. Helen calls one of her girlfriends up to tell the outrageous story, and runs off to spread the rumor more. Star appears, looking for food, and is appalled at the extreme amount of cooked meat at the booth. Amber finds her, saying that she just accidentally ate a spoonful of guacamole with bacon in it, and she found it delicious. Star says she wants to see one more person, then they can go to New Mexico and get Amber cleansed. Amber leaves, and Star watches the "microcosmically militaristic" fireworks Virgil is still firing off. Stanley walks beside her, and he realizes that they used to go to school with him. They agree to head back to New Mexico together, but Stanley says he wants to see his Aunt Pearl one more time before he goes back. They leave, optimistic.
Helen and Inita quickly hear of the poisoned potato salad that has been eaten by almost every member of Tuna, Texas since they left the booth, and they decide they must leave. They pack their bags and take the potato salad away for good. Meanwhile, at Didi's, she and R.R. begin to fight again, and she enters her shop to find a weapon to kill him with. Petey arrives, with several animals that do not belong in the deserts of Texas. He explains to them that R.R. is going to take them to space, and they can come back after global warming, because the only things that will survive that are "coyotes and cockroaches. Madonna'll probably make it too." R.R. takes them, and the lights fade to the sound of a UFO taking off into space.
A radio announcement by Thurston says that the door Arles locked has been opened, and he has disappeared. Thurston says that Vera Carp has been arrested for grand theft auto and a warrant is out for Helen and Inita, but aside from that a good day was had by all. The lights return on Pearl's bedroom, where Stanley finds her proclaiming that she is on her deathbed for the potato salad affair and for wrecking Lupe's car. Stanley tries and fails to bring her to optimism, eventually saying that when she dies, her husband Henry at least won't take long to find a new wife. This puts her ornery fire back, and she shoos Stanley away so that she can find her nightgown with dogs on the front, because "it drives [Stanley's] Uncle Henry wild."
Arles and Bertha have driven to the Starlight Motel and have been eloped. They make awkward small talk, before Arles reveals a book his preacher cousin Slim gave him, which is all about healthy sexual relations. As Bertha reads it, she becomes uncomfortable, jumping at Arles' mere touch. He calms her, saying they have to put the past behind them, and move on to better things. Bertha eventually gains courage and begins to start foreplay with Arles, which leads to Arles removing his pants and chasing Bertha around the stage. They run off, and return wearing only their nightgown and wifebeater, respectively. The curtain closes on the small-town life of Tuna, Texas.
Honors for Red, White and Tuna
Nominee, Outstanding Non-Resident Production, Helen Hayes Awards Non-Resident Production, 2000
Joe Sears:
Nominee, Outstanding Lead Actor in a Touring Production, Helen Hayes Awards Non-Resident Acting, 2000
Jaston Williams:
Nominee, Outstanding Lead Actor in a Non-Resident Production, Helen Hayes Awards Non-Resident Acting, 2000
External links
Official Web Site
A Secret History of Tuna
Interview with Jaston Williams, June 18, 1995. University of Texas at San Antonio: Institute of Texan Cultures: Oral History Collection, UA 15.01, University of Texas at San Antonio Libraries Special Collections.
American plays
1998 plays
Plays set in Texas
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%2C%20White%20and%20Tuna
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Penjamillo de Degollado is a place in the Mexican state of Michoacán.
Populated places in Michoacán
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penjamillo
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In linguistic morphology, the bracketing paradox concerns morphologically complex words which have more than one analysis, or bracketing, e.g., one for phonology and one for semantics, and the two are not compatible, or brackets do not align.
English examples
Comparatives such as unhappier
One type of a bracketing paradox found in English is exemplified by words like unhappier or uneasier. The synthetic comparative suffix -er generally occurs with monosyllabic adjectives and a small class of disyllabic adjectives with the primary (and only) stress on the first syllable. Other adjectives take the analytic comparative more. Thus, we have older and grumpier, but more correct and more restrictive. From a phonological perspective, this suggests that a word like uneasier must be formed by combining the suffix er with the adjective easy, since uneasy is a three syllable word:
However, uneasier means "more uneasy", not "not more easy". Thus, from a semantic perspective, uneasier must be a combination of er with the adjective uneasy:
This, however, violates the morphophonological rules for the suffix -er. Phenomena such as this have been argued to represent a mismatch between different levels of grammatical structure.
Professions such as nuclear physicist
Another type of English bracketing paradox is found in compound words that are a name for a professional of a particular discipline, preceded by a modifier that narrows that discipline: nuclear physicist, historical linguist, political scientist, etc. Taking nuclear physicist as an example, we see that there are at least two reasonable ways that the compound word can be bracketed (ignoring the fact that nuclear itself is morphologically complex):
– one who studies physics, and who happens also to be nuclear (phonological bracketing)
– one who studies nuclear physics, a subfield of physics that deals with nuclear phenomena (semantic bracketing)
What is interesting to many morphologists about this type of bracketing paradox in English is that the correct bracketing 2 (correct in the sense that this is the way that a native speaker would understand it) does not follow the usual bracketing pattern 1 typical for most compound words in English.
Proposed solutions
Raising
Pesetsky (1985) accounts for the bracketing paradox by proposing that phonological bracketing occurs in syntax and semantic bracketing occurs after the output is sent to LF. This solution is parallel to quantifier raising. For example, the sentence: Every farmer owns a donkey has two interpretations:
Every farmer owns their own donkey: ∀x[farmer(x) → ∃y[donkey(y) ∧ own(x,y)] ]
There exists one donkey such that every farmer owns it: ∃y[donkey(y) ∧ ∀x[farmer(x) → own(x,y)] ]
The structure for 1 is: [IP [DP1 every farmer ] [ [DP2 a donkey ] [t1 [VP owns t2 ] ] ] ]
The structure for 2 is: [IP [DP2 a donkey ] [ [DP1 every farmer ] [t1 [VP owns t2 ] ] ] ]
Depending on which quantifier expression is higher, the meaning is shifted, but because this movement does not occur until LF, the structures are pronounced identically. Similarly to this account for scopal ambiguity in quantifier raising, Pesetsky proposes that in the structure of unhappier, happy and the comparative suffix -er are the first to combine, since -er may not attach to adjectives that are longer than two syllables. It is then fed to PF before the next phase, at which the negative prefix un- is then attached. At LF in the following phase, -er undergoes raising, forcing the interpretation of the word to be "more unhappy" and not "not happier".
Syntax: [ un [ happy er ] ] → LF: [ [ un [ happy t1 ] ] er1 ]
Late adjunction
An alternative account is proposed by Newell (2005). She argues that un- adjoins at a late stage of the derivation in LF, possibly after the spell-out of [happy -er]. Under this interpretation the stages are:
Syntax: [ happy er ] → Late Insertion: [ [ un happy ] er ]
Contrasting with un-, the prefix in-, which also has negative meaning, is not allowed at late insertion. There are various pieces of evidence that in- is closer to the root.
Selectional Restrictions: in- may only combine with Latinate roots, while un- is nonrestrictive
Bound Morphemes: in- attaches to some bound morphemes, while un- only attaches to free morphemes (inept → *ept, inane → *ane)
Nasal Assimilation: in- assimilates phonologically with the first phoneme of the morpheme to which it attaches, whereas the /n/ in un- is preserved
Impossible: /in-/ + /ˈpasɪbl̩/ → [imˈpʰasɪbl̩] (*[inˈpʰasɪbl̩])
Unpopular: /un-/ + /ˈpɒpjulr̩/ → [unˈpʰˈɒpjulr̩] (*[umˈpʰˈɒpjulr̩])
In order to participate in these processes, in- must attach at an earlier level directly to the root in order to adjectivize it. Thus, because it attaches early, if it creates a three-syllable word, -er may not attach, as -er attaches at a later stage above the root derivation.
[ [ in √polite ] -er ] → crashes at PF
Glomming
A famous bracketing paradox of Russian verb complex such as razorvala 'she ripped apart' shows different phonological and semantic analyses:
razo rv a la
PFX Root THEME 3SG.PST.F
morphophonology – [prefix [root suffixes] ]
morphosemantics – [ [prefix root] suffixes]
One of the proposed solutions is parallel to the proposal for Navajo verbs with multiple prefixes. It includes head movement and Merger Under Adjacency, also called Glomming. For Russian, the derivation starts with [TP T [AspP Asp [vP v [VP √V [SC LP DPobj]]]]] It allows for the semantic bracketing as √V and LP are next to each other. Next, √V rv merges with v –a via head movement and further v complex merges with Asp also via head movement. Lexical Prefix razo- is phrasal and does not participate in the head movement. Thus, the complex structure emerging as a result of head movement to the exclusion of LP allows for the phonological bracketing. Finally, Glomming or Merger Under Adjacency takes place resulting in one verbal complex.
See also
List of paradoxes
References
Paradoxes
Linguistic morphology
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bracketing%20paradox
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Lilit Mkrtchian (; born 9 August 1982) is an Armenian chess player. She holds the titles of International Master (IM) and Woman Grandmaster (WGM), which FIDE awarded her in 2003 and 1998 respectively. Mkrtchian is a four-time Armenian women's chess champion.
In 2002, Mkrtchian won the silver medal in the European Individual Women's Championship in Varna, Bulgaria, scoring 8½/11 points. She participated in the Women's European Team Chess Championship 2003 in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, helping Armenia to win the gold medal. Mkrtchian took the bronze medal at the 7th European Women's Individual Championship 2006 held in Kuşadası, Turkey, scoring 7½/11 points. In the 2009 edition she tied with Tatiana Kosintseva for first place scoring 8½/11 and took silver after losing the playoff.
In December 2009, she took tenth position in the list of best sportspeople of Armenia in 2009.
In 2013, she came third at the European Women's Individual Championship. In the 2015 Women's World Team Chess Championship in Chengdu (China) Mkrtchian won the individual gold medal on the second board.
References
External links
Grandmaster Games Database - Lilit Mkrtchian
Lilit Mkrtchian team chess record at Olimpbase.org
Interview
Press Conference with Lilit Mkrtchian
1982 births
Living people
Chess International Masters
Chess woman grandmasters
Armenian female chess players
Armenian chess players
Place of birth missing (living people)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lilit%20Mkrtchian
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Gomer Thomas Jones (February 26, 1914 – March 21, 1971) was an American football player, coach, and college athletics administrator. He played college football as a center at Ohio State University from 1933 to 1935. After serving as an assistant coach for 17 years under Bud Wilkinson at the University of Oklahoma, Jones helmed the Sooners for two seasons in 1964 and 1965, compiling a record of 9–11–1. He was also the athletic director at Oklahoma from 1964 until his death in 1971. Jones was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a player in 1978.
Playing career
Jones was one of the outstanding college football players in the 1930s. From 1933 to 1935, he played at Ohio State University as a center on offense and a linebacker on defense. Jones was the anchor of the Buckeyes' offensive line, and was named team MVP following the 1934 and 1935 seasons. In 1935, he was named team captain and was a consensus All-American. Jones was selected by the Chicago Cardinals in the second round of the 1936 NFL Draft as the 15th player selected overall, but chose instead to pursue a career in coaching. While at Ohio State, he was a member of the Alpha Rho Chapter of the Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity.
Coaching career
Jones served as an assistant to Ohio State head coach Francis Schmidt from 1936 until Schmidt resigned following the 1940 season. In 1946, he served as an assistant coach at the University of Nebraska. His greatest coaching success, however, came as Bud Wilkinson's top assistant at the University of Oklahoma for 17 years, developing 16 All-American linemen as line coach and the architect of Oklahoma's great lines.
Following Wilkinson's retirement in 1964, Jones was promoted to head coach. But after two disappointing seasons with a cumulative record of 9–11–1, he resigned as head coach while staying on as athletic director, which he had also been promoted to in 1964. His teams' mediocre performance may have been caused in part by the dismissal of four of his better players who had signed professional contracts before their college eligibility had expired.
Death and honors
Jones, still the Oklahoma athletic director, died in New York City while attending the 1971 National Invitation Tournament. Jones was posthumously inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1978 as a player. Earlier that year he had been inducted into Ohio State's own Varsity O Hall of Fame.
Head coaching record
College
References
External links
1914 births
1971 deaths
American football centers
American football linebackers
Nebraska Cornhuskers football coaches
Ohio State Buckeyes football coaches
Ohio State Buckeyes football players
Oklahoma Sooners athletic directors
Oklahoma Sooners football coaches
Saint Mary's Pre-Flight Air Devils football coaches
Saint Mary's Pre-Flight Air Devils football players
High school football coaches in Ohio
All-American college football players
College Football Hall of Fame inductees
Coaches of American football from Ohio
Players of American football from Cleveland
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gomer%20Jones
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The Bell 429 GlobalRanger is a light, twin-engine helicopter developed by Bell Helicopter and Korea Aerospace Industries. The first flight of the prototype took place on February 27, 2007, and the aircraft received type certification on July 1, 2009. The Bell 429 is capable of single-pilot IFR and Runway Category A operations.
Development
The impetus for developing the Bell 429 came primarily from the emergency medical services (EMS) industry. The Bell 427 was originally intended to address this market, but the 427's small cabin size would not adequately accommodate a patient litter, and the systems did not support instrument flight rules (IFR) certification. Bell's original concept for the 429 was a stretched model 427 (unveiled as the Bell 427s3i at the 2004 HAI helicopter show), but this still did not provide what Bell and its customer advisers were looking for.
Bell abandoned the 427 airframe and went to its MAPL (Modular Affordable Product Line) concept airframe that was still in conceptual development at the time. The 429 employs the all-new modular airframe concept and the advanced rotor blade design from the MAPL program, but maintains a derivative engine and rotor drive system from the 427. The basic model includes a glass cockpit and is certified for single pilot IFR. Bell partnered with Korea Aerospace Industries and Mitsui Bussan Aerospace of Japan in the helicopter's development.
Bell had flown most of the critical MAPL technology components, using a 427 testbed aircraft, by February 2006. The first completed 429 flew on February 27, 2007. Certification was originally planned for late 2007, but program schedule delays, primarily caused by parts and material shortages common to all aviation manufacturers in that time period, caused the manufacturer to stretch the development timetable. In October 2007, the external configuration was set. In February 2008, Bell had three 429s in flight testing that had completed 600 flight hours. Its high-altitude testing was conducted in Colorado and its high-temperature testing in Arizona.
The helicopter received type certification from Transport Canada Civil Aviation (TCCA) on July 1, 2009, and from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) by July 7, 2009. EASA certification was announced at Helitech on September 24, 2009. TCCA and authorities in some other countries later approved an increased weight exemption for the aircraft. However, FAA and EASA disagreed with the weight exemption, which had allowed the 429 to operate for the Canadian Coast Guard.
As of June 2009, the Bell 429 had received over 301 letters of intent. The launch customer was Air Methods Corporation, the largest medevac provider in the United States, which took one helicopter. On July 7, 2009, this aircraft (s/n 57006) was delivered to Air Methods (owner) and MercyOne (operator) at Bell's facility in Mirabel, Quebec.
Design
The Bell 429 has a four-blade rotor system with soft-in-plane flex beams. The rotor blades are composite and have swept tips for reduced noise. The tail rotor is made by stacking two two-blade rotors set at uneven intervals (to form an X) for reduced noise. The combined cabin volume is 204 cu ft (5.78 m3) with a passenger cabin and baggage area, with a flat floor for patient loading. A set of rear clamshell doors under the tailboom is optional for easier patient loading in EMS operations.
The 429 has a glass cockpit with a three-axis autopilot (optional fourth axis kit) and flight director as standard. Standard landing gear are skids. A retractable wheel landing gear is optional and adds five knots to cruising speed. The helicopter is categorized as a single-pilot IFR Category A. It is capable of operating with one engine inoperative. The main transmission is rated for 5,000 hours between overhauls and the tail rotor gearbox is rated for 3,200 hours.
Operational history
By July 2018, 325 aircraft had operated 330,000 hours for police forces, air medical teams, and militaries in 42 countries, including Australia, France, Indonesia, Kuwait, Oman, Switzerland, Slovakia, Sweden, Turkey, Thailand, the United States, and the United Kingdom.
Operators
Military and government operators
Royal Australian Navy
723 Squadron RAN - 3
Canadian Coast Guard - 16
Indonesian National Police
- 2
Jamaica Defence Force - 5
New Zealand Police - 3
Ministry of Defence - 5
Philippine National Police - 3 1 lost in crash in 2020
Slovak Police Force - 4 (one crashed)
Swedish Police Authority - 9 (7 ordered in 2014 and 2 in 2018)
Royal Thai Police - 6
General Directorate of Security
Wiltshire Air Ambulance - 1
Delaware State Police - 4
Fairfax County Police Department - 2
New York City Police Department - 1
Arizona Department of Public Safety - 1
Puerto Rico Department of Health - 1
Tunisian National Guard - 3
Specifications (Bell 429)
See also
References
External links
Bell Textron 429 official web page
2000s Canadian helicopters
2000s Canadian civil utility aircraft
429
Twin-turbine helicopters
Aircraft first flown in 2007
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell%20429%20GlobalRanger
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Joshua Lennie (born 23 March 1986) is an English retired semi-professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper in non-League football. A product of the Brentford youth system, he made one professional appearance for the club in 2004.
Career
Brentford
Lennie began his career as a junior at Brentford and embarked on a scholarship at the beginning of the 2002–03 season. He received his maiden call into the first team squad for a Football League Trophy first round match versus Barnet on 14 October 2003 and remained an unused substitute during the shootout win. Lennie was an unused substitute on another four occasions during the 2003–04 season. Lennie made his professional debut in a Football League Trophy first round match versus Milton Keynes Dons on 28 September 2004. With the game already lost at 3–0, Lennie came on as a half-time substitute for Alan Julian. He was called into the first team squad on another six occasions during the 2004–05 season, but did not play. Lennie was released at the end of the 2004–05 season.
Non-League football
After his release from Brentford, Lennie dropped into non-League football. He played for AFC Wimbledon, Harrow Borough, Molesey, Chalfont St Peter, Carshalton Athletic (two spells), Chertsey Town (two spells), Skelmersdale United, Hayes & Yeading United, Salford City, Dorking Wanderers, Bedfont Town, Chester and Wingate & Finchley.
Personal life
Until June 2021, Lennie coached at Connecticut FC.
Career statistics
References
External links
1986 births
Living people
English men's footballers
Men's association football goalkeepers
Brentford F.C. players
Maidenhead United F.C. players
AFC Wimbledon players
Harrow Borough F.C. players
Chalfont St Peter A.F.C. players
Skelmersdale United F.C. players
Hayes & Yeading United F.C. players
Salford City F.C. players
Chester F.C. players
National League (English football) players
Chertsey Town F.C. players
Carshalton Athletic F.C. players
North Greenford United F.C. players
Molesey F.C. players
Dorking Wanderers F.C. players
Wingate & Finchley F.C. players
Isthmian League players
Southern Football League players
Northern Premier League players
Bedfont Town F.C. players
Footballers from Oxford
English expatriates in the United States
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josh%20Lennie
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A free warren—often simply warren—is a type of franchise or privilege conveyed by a sovereign in medieval England to an English subject, promising to hold them harmless for killing game of certain species within a stipulated area, usually a wood or small forest. The sovereign involved might be either the monarch or a marcher lord.
Law
The grant of free warren could be as a gift, or in exchange for consideration, and might be later alienated by the grantee. The stipulated area might be coextensive with the frank-tenement of the grantee, or it might be discontinuous or even at a considerable remove from the grantee's holdings. The right of free warren did not extend automatically to the freeholder of the soil.
Although the rights of free warren are usually discussed in the context of forest law, the only law which applied within the warren was common law. Thus, even though the warrant ultimately derived from the sovereign, the only statutes applied to poachers in a warren were the common-law crimes of theft and trespass.
The privilege of free warren was a reciprocal relationship. The grantee of the warren was granted an exemption from the law (under which all game in the realm was property of the sovereign), but the grantee owed the sovereign the stewardship and protection of the game from all others who might wish to hunt it.
Etymology
Modern English warren ← ME warrene, warreine ← ONF warrenne ← Germanic present participle of *warian "to take care; to cause to care (for)" ← causative of *waran "to care" ← *war "care". Doublet of guarantor. Related to OHG werien (i.e. *wärian) "to defend, protect", and also to English "a-ware, wary".
Free warren and domestic warren
The original use of free warren was as a legal term. However, as the franchise defined both a set of species and a geographic extent, the natural semantic extensions arose, namely for the individual animals as a group, or for the land they inhabited. As it became pragmatically necessary for freeholders not holding a free warren to enclose their breeding establishments, these "closed warrens" or domestic warrens began also to be designated simply as "warrens" (use recorded in 1378; OED). In 1649 the metaphoric use as "cluster of densely populated living spaces" is recorded.
Warren and warden
The Mediaeval Latin form of the word warenna was used in legal documents such as Magna Carta. In addition, the office of warden is used for the overseer of a warren:
(5) But the warden, as long as he hath the custody of the lands, shall keep up and maintain the houses, parks, warrens, ponds, mills, and other things belonging to them, out of their issues;
The warden of a Royal forest was often the castellan or constable of the nearest royal castle; over time the less exalted title of warrener evolved for the custodian of the lowest of the hunting franchises, the warren.
Warren and warrant
The adjective free in free warren does not refer to the lack of enclosure surrounding the precincts of the warren, but rather to the fact the "liberty" of hunting derives from a warrant of the sovereign. That is,
The term "warrant" occurs very early in constitutional documents: it is found in the Assize of Clarendon and the Assize of the Forest, both in the reign of Henry II., but in neither case in its modern meaning. The original meaning seems to have been more akin to guarantee (q.v.), warranty or security; and to some extent the term implies something in the nature of a guarantee or representation by the person issuing the warrant that the person who acts on it can do so without incurring any legal penalty.
All of the terms warrant, warrantor, and warranty are used in Henry II of England's Assize of the Forest (a.k.a. Assize of Woodstock) in 1184:
Article 2. Item, he has commanded that no one shall have bows, arrows, dogs, or hounds in his forests, unless [such person] has the warrant of the king or of some other man who can [lawfully] be his warrantor.
Article 9. Item, the king forbids all clergymen to commit any offences touching his venison or his forests. He strictly orders his foresters that, if they find such men committing offences, they shall not hesitate to lay hands on those men in order to hold them and put them under attachment; he himself will give full warranty.
Beasts of warren
The permission to take game was limited to certain types of animals. Generally, the killing of vermin (defined as predators and other beasts not fit for the table) was not regulated. This definition was flexible, however, depending on whether the animal was thought to provide good sport, as wolves, foxes, badgers, or bears. In practice, vermin could only be killed on the commons or waste, since none but the grantee was permitted to have instruments of the hunt within the warren.
Manwood
The most cited authority on forest law, John Manwood, cites these beasts of warren:
"The beasts and fouls of Warren are these, The Hare, the Cony, the Pheasant, and the Partridge, and none other are accompted beasts or fouls of Warren."
However, Manwood is mistaken in his assignments, since the roe deer was transferred to "beast of warren" from "beast of the forest" in the fourteenth century. Roe deer are still found within woodlands named "Warren" in contemporary England. The 1911 Encyclopedia adds roe, woodcock, quail, rail and heron to Manwood's list. On the other hand, grouse are not birds of warren. Fox, wolf, cat, badger, and squirrel are sometimes also added.
Sometimes domestic swine are mistakenly thought to be beasts of warren, due the right of pannage.
References
Bibliography
ARTFL Project: Webster Dictionary, 1913, p *Blackstone, xxx. 9999. Commentaries on the Laws of England [http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/blackstone/bk2ch27.htm Online Version
Manwood, John. 1598. A Treatise and Discourse of the Lawes of the Forrest Online Version
Forests and Chases in England and Wales, c. 1500 to c. 1850 A Glossary of Terms and Definitions
Stubbs, William. 1900 Select Charters and Other Illustrations of English Constitutional History, p. 74. Oxford: The Clarendon Press.
Magna Carta: A Commentary on the Great Charter of King John, with and Historical Introduction, by William Sharp McKechnie (Glasgow: Maclehose, 1914).
Medieval English law
Rights
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free%20warren
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Irwin Toy Limited was a Canadian distributor and manufacturer of toys. It was Canada's oldest toy company and remained independent and family owned until 2001.
History
The company began in 1926 as an importer and distributor of dry goods and clothing, located in Sam and Beatrice Irwin's house. Later on, the company moved to a warehouse in the west end of Toronto and focused mainly on toys. Sam and Beatrice's sons, Arnold and Mac Irwin, took over management of the company in the years to follow.
Most of Irwin's profits came from distributing other (usually American) companies' toys. Almost all of the more popular toys available in Canada until the early 1990s were distributed by Irwin. Major American companies wished to sell their toys in Canada, but did not open Canadian branches because of the lower population and tariffs which would generate less income for them. Irwin's success came mainly due to their licensing and contract manufacturing of American companies Kenner and Parker, where Irwin was the Canadian importer and distributor of their products.
The business found success with the help of the Hula Hoop, Slinky, Frisbee, and later on in the century with the popular Star Wars action figures, Care Bears and the Easy-Bake Oven. In the early 1980s, the Atari Video Computer System was a success, and Irwin was the Canadian distributor. Irwin would also acquire the rights to the Sega video game brand in Canada later on. The video game sales helped fuel revenues of $100 million and growth for the company. The company also had a junior shareholders program to have children become interested in the toy company and introduce them to the stock market.
The company had 350 employees at their downtown Toronto factory.
1972-1987 Ed Hurst, Jerry Inch and Bob Blakely, in charge of Irwins Frisbee promotions, were instrumental in the introduction of disc sports (Frisbee) across Canada. With the use of performing Frisbee athletes Ken Westerfield and Jim Kenner, Irwin partnered with several major companies such as Lee Jeans, Orange Crush, and Air Canada. Together they sponsored Frisbee show tours and the beginning of organized disc sports programs in Canada. Two successful nationally sponsored tournaments were the Canadian Jr Frisbee Championships and the Canadian Open Frisbee Championships (1972-1985).
During the 1980s and 1990s, major American companies such as Hasbro, Mattel, and Kenner, acquired many of the companies which Irwin did business with.
In the 1980s, with the introduction of the Free Trade Agreement and later, the North American Free Trade Agreement, it became less expensive for American companies to form their own Canadian branches where Irwin lost many business deals as major toy companies began to distribute toys themselves.
In 1989, Irwin Toy challenged the constitutionality of a Quebec law prohibiting advertising directed toward children. The Irwin Toy Ltd. v. Quebec (Attorney General) case reached the Supreme Court resulting in a landmark ruling regarding the interpretation of freedom of expression provision in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
As Irwin Toy faced financial and business difficulties, the company was sold to a private investment group, LivGroup Ltd. of Toronto in 2001 for approximately $55 million. Eighteen months after the buyout, Irwin Toy, now owned by Richard Ivey and Jean Marie Halde of Toronto, declared bankruptcy and entered into creditor supported liquidation. The original factory was sold to developers for $10 million and converted into a condominium called Toy Factory Lofts.
Following liquidation, the company officially closed down, then in 2003 was re-purchased by the former employees, George and Peter Irwin.
Brands and Toys distributed
1 vs. 100
A-Team
American Gladiators
Atari
Bandai
Barcode Battler
Dowell-Brown Power Fighters
Dino-Riders
Dragon Ball Z
Easy-Bake Oven
Etch-a-Sketch
Flintstones
Frisbee
Ideal
Ipix
Jenga
Kenner (prior to Hasbro's purchase)
Kids Can Press
Lil' Sport
Magic Dip
Meccano
My One and Only
Mighty Max
Mighty Morphin Power Rangers
Oopsie Daisy
Pound Puppies
Power Wheels
Pressman
ReBoot
Robotech
Sailor Moon
Sega
Simpsons
Snoopy
Slinky
Spawn
Square 1
Tyco (prior to Mattel's purchase)
Wham-O
Wheel of Fortune
Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?
Wrebbit
Zaks
Toys and games manufactured
3D Snakes & Ladders
Dragon Ball Z Action Figures & Items
Fib Finder
Frisbee manufactured in Canada under a Wham-O license.
Girder & Panel Building Sets
Globetrotters
I See It!
iPix
i-Top
Interior Decorator Set (with Marvin Glass and Associates) 1964
Irwin Toy Pedal Motorcycle 1960s
Lazer Doodle
Lil Makin Faces
IToys LCD Handheld & Deluxe Games.
ME2
My One and Only Guy dolls, like "Cliff the Aviator"
Oozers
Paint-Sation
Powerplay Hockey
ReBoot Action Figures
Sailor Moon Adventure Dolls & other Sailor Moon items
Skwooshi
SpectraColor
Street Stackers
Suzie Stretch dolls
The G.U.R.L.Z.
Thunderbirds
Top Corner Hockey
Trouble (usually under the name "Frustration")
Deal or No Deal (U.S. version only)
References
Sources
https://web.archive.org/web/20090609232917/http://www.koskieminsky.com/client_links/IrwinToy/home.aspx
Toronto Star Article
ProfitGuide.com
Game manufacturers
Toy companies of Canada
Toy companies established in 1926
Retail companies established in 1926
1926 establishments in Ontario
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irwin%20Toy
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Catherine Samali Kavuma (born 1960) is a novelist and a prominent Ugandan personality.
Biography
Catherine Kavuma was born in Nkokonjeru, Uganda and at the age of eight she moved with her family to the UK, where her father was employed by the Uganda Coffee Marketing Board. In the early 1970s, her family moved to Ethiopia.
Early life and education
Catherine attended Loreto Convent School, Msongari, in Nairobi, Kenya, where she finished secondary education. She then returned to the UK to study, at St. Francis de Sales Convent in Tring, Hertfordshire.
In 1980 Ms. Kavuma moved to the United States to study at the State University of New York (SUNY) College at Cortland, where she earned a bachelor's degree in anthropology, specializing in Archeology. During her studies at SUNY, she founded the "Culture Club", an anthropological society aimed at raising funds to invite prominent scholars and specialists in the field of Anthropology and Archeology to the college. Dr. Richard Leakey was such a guest in 1983.
Career
In the mid-1980s Ms. Kavuma moved to Washington, D.C. to work with the Ambassador of Uganda to the United States, Elizabeth Bagaya. She later became employed with the Embassy of Canada. Two years on she was offered employment with the World Bank as a Program Assistant in the office of the executive director for Africa in 1989. She retired from the World Bank in 2014.
Personal life
Catherine Samali Kavuma has two children, Nadia and Philip, a grandson named Joaquin and two granddaughters named Skyla and Nova She lives in the DMV.
Publications
Malita and other stories. New Jersey: Sungai Books, 2002 (183 pp.). HB / 1-889218-29-4 PB.
References
External links
Interview with Catherine Samali Kavuma by Asmaou Diallo, published in Amina, March 2003.
1960 births
Living people
Ugandan women writers
Ugandan novelists
Ugandan women novelists
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine%20Samali%20Kavuma
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Xcaret () is a Maya civilization archaeological site located on the Caribbean coastline of the Yucatán Peninsula, in the state of Quintana Roo in Mexico. The site was occupied by the pre-Columbian Maya and functioned as a port for navigation and an important Maya trading center. Some of the site's original structures are contained within a modern-day tourism development, the privately-owned Xcaret Park.
Toponymy
Xcaret means "small inlet" in Mayan. Its name comes from its situation next to a small inlet that in the past served as a strategic location for navigation and commerce for the Maya. The original name of the site was p'ole''', from the root p'ol'' that means "merchandise" or "deal of merchants", which gives an idea of the economical relevance of the site.
Site description
Xcaret has many reserves that are open to the public. According to the research by the National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH), the first buildings of the site can be dated to 200 to 600 A.D., but the majority of them are from the period from 1200 to 1550 A.D. The constructions of the Late Post-Classical period are situated along the coast; some of them in strategic positions for surveillance. The site had a wall, but unlike the one in Tulum that was open towards the ocean, the wall at Xcaret defended the site from assaults coming from the sea. The wall may also have served to divide the solid ground of the interior from the swampy ground closer to the coast.
Xcaret was inhabited at the time of the first stage of the Spanish incursion of Alonso Dávila and Francisco de Montejo into the eastern coast of the Yucatán Peninsula (1527 to 1529). In 1548, Juan Núñez was put in charge of Xcaret. At this time, a Spanish chapel was built. This implies that Xcaret remained an important settlement. The thatched roof of the chapel has disintegrated, but the walls remain standing.
The INAH divides the architectural formations into several different groups.
Historical significance
There are documents which suggest that Xcaret was one of the most active and economically significant Maya ports on the east coast. These documents make mention of marriages between the P'ole rulers and the people of Cozumel. These marriages were likely for political advances; they imply that Xcaret was politically important.
Archaeological finds
During archaeological explorations led by archaeologist María José, 135 human remains were found in the chapel. In another case, DNA found on site was analyzed, and results showed that "the distribution of mtDNA lineages in the Xcaret population contrasts sharply with that found in ancient Maya from Copán, which lack lineages A and B. On the other hand, our results resemble more closely the frequencies of mtDNA lineages found in contemporary Maya from the Yucatán Peninsula and in other Native American contemporary populations of Mesoamerican origin." These findings suggest that the people of Xcaret are more closely related to contemporary Maya peoples than ancient peoples.
References
Maya sites in Quintana Roo
Solidaridad (municipality)
Former populated places in Mexico
Tourist attractions in Quintana Roo
Maya sites that survived the end of the Classic Period
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xcaret
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Zheleznogorsk () is a town in Kursk Oblast, Russia, located northwest of Kursk. Its population according to censuses taken in varying years is:
History
Zheleznogorsk was founded in 1957 due to the development of iron ore deposits in the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly. It was granted town status in 1962.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Zheleznogorsk serves as the administrative center of Zheleznogorsky District, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of oblast significance of Zheleznogorsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the town of oblast significance of Zheleznogorsk is incorporated as Zheleznogorsk Urban Okrug.
Basis of Zheleznogorsk economy is manufacturing. There are located 18 big industrial factories, the biggest among them is Mikhailovsky Mining and Refining Facility. In 2015 it produced 18% of total mining production in Russia.
References
Notes
Sources
External links
Official website of Zheleznogorsk
Zheleznogorsk Business Directory
Cities and towns in Kursk Oblast
Oryol Governorate
Cities and towns built in the Soviet Union
Populated places established in 1957
1957 establishments in the Soviet Union
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zheleznogorsk%2C%20Kursk%20Oblast
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Tarbes–Lourdes–Pyrénées Airport (; ) is an airport 9 km south-southwest of Tarbes in the Hautes-Pyrénées département of France.
Operations
It handles scheduled and charter flights from across Europe, with many passengers being Catholic pilgrims journeying to nearby Lourdes. The airport can handle large aircraft such as the Boeing 747. The airport is also the site of the DAHER-SOCATA light aircraft factory, maker of the SOCATA TBM single-engine turboprop, as well as aircraft storage facilities operated by .
Airlines and destinations
The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter flights to and from the airport:
Statistics
References
Bibliography
French Aeronautical Information Publication for (PDF) – TARBES LOURDES PYRÉNÉES
External links
Tarbes–Lourdes–Pyrénées Airport (official site)
Aéroport de Tarbes–Lourdes–Pyrénées (Union des Aéroports Français)
Airports in Occitania (administrative region)
Airport
Buildings and structures in Hautes-Pyrénées
Airports established in 1948
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarbes%E2%80%93Lourdes%E2%80%93Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es%20Airport
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Braunfels () is a town in the Lahn-Dill-Kreis in Hesse, Germany. It is located on the German Timber-Frame Road.
Geography
Location
The climatic spa of Braunfels lies at a height of some 100 m above the Lahn valley. It is 9 km southwest of Wetzlar, and 28 km northeast of Limburg an der Lahn.
Neighbouring communities
Braunfels borders in the northwest on the town of Leun, in the north on the town of Solms, in the east on the community of Schöffengrund, in the southeast on the community of Waldsolms (all in the Lahn-Dill-Kreis), in the south on the community of Weilmünster, and in the west on the town of Weilburg and the community of Löhnberg (all three in Limburg-Weilburg).
Constituent communities
Besides the main town, which bears the same name as the whole, there are outlying centres called Altenkirchen, Bonbaden, Neukirchen, Philippstein and Tiefenbach
Currently, Bonbaden, is home to about 1600 people. Bonbaden has a primary school (levels 1-4) and an Evangelical and Catholic church. A cultural highlight is the Freilichtbühne Bonbaden (Bonbaden Open-Air Stage), which presents two different plays for children each summer, and an evening play for adults.
History
The town and district seat of Braunfels were first mentioned in 1246. Braunfels has had town rights since 1607. In 1950 Braunfels had a population of 3,337. In the course of municipal reforms, the aforesaid constituent communities, formerly all independent villages, were amalgamated with Braunfels in 1972.
Bonbaden had its first documented mention in 772, and so celebrated 1200 years of existence in 1972. Bonbaden is therefore one of Lahn-Dill's oldest inhabited places.
, a stately home that had been built from a castle built in the 13th century by the Counts of Nassau, served as of about 1260 as the Solms-Braunfels noble family's residential castle. After Solms Castle had been destroyed by the Rhenish League of Towns in 1384, Braunfels Castle became the seat of the Counts of Solms. Over the castle's more than 750-year-long history, building work was done many times. Particularly worthy of mention is the town and castle fire of 1679, which burnt much of Braunfels and its stately seat down. Both were then built into a Baroque residence. Braunfels Castle was rebuilt out of materials that were still on hand. The town was given a regular marketplace, which is still preserved today and lies before the town wall.
Politics
Town council
The municipal elections on 26 March 2006 yielded the following results:
Note: FWG is a citizens' coalition.
Coat of arms
The town's coat of arms is the same as that used by the Counts of Solms-Braunfels, except that the colours in the lower half are reversed, simply to differentiate the town's arms from the old noble family's. The arms were designed and granted in 1937, and granted again on 14 October 1982. Formerly, the arms were identical to the Counts' arms.
Town partnerships
Braunfels maintains partnerships with the following towns:
Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
Eeklo, Belgium
Feltre, Italy
Kiskunfélegyháza, Hungary
New Braunfels, Texas, USA
Newbury, England
Rohrmoos-Untertal, Austria
Carcaixent, Spain
Sightseeing
: The last makeover, which defines the Schloss as it is seen today, took place starting in 1880, and was undertaken according to neo-Gothic plans by builder Edwin Oppler. Art works in the Schloss include works by the Dutch Masters, among them van Eyck, works by the Hessian Tischbein family of painters, the Altenberg Altar, parts of which are found in the Städel in Frankfurt and the Bavarian National Museum in Munich, and Saint Elizabeth's legendary ring. Sites in the castle include the courtyard, the knights' hall, the guest rooms and painting gallery, the sacral exhibition pieces from the Altenberg Monastery, the hunting paintings by Johannes Deiker, and the cannon square. Other things to visit are the Princely Family Museum and the castle church with displays about the church's building history.
Old Town: The inner Old Town has distinctive defensive features. There are a Baroque expansion with a marketplace and great spa gardens.
Dr. Kanngießer'sches Waldmuseum (a whimsical museum)
Stadtmuseum Obermühle, a museum of local history, built in a former mill.
Burg Philippstein: These castle ruins lie on a slope and are separated from the surrounding mountainside by a dry moat, although nowadays this is partly filled in. Still preserved are the round keep, remains of the cellar and parts of the surrounding wall.
Mediaeval Spectacle
Every year, the local Aktionsring Braunfels e.V. organizes the Mittelalterliches Spektakulum, which over several days attracts tourists, and showmen, for which occasion, the spa gardens are turned into a knightly encampment.
People
Amalia of Solms-Braunfels, (1602-1675), Countess of Solms-Braunfels, wife of Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange
Frederick IV, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg, Landgraf of Hesse-Homburg (1724-1751)
Karl von Schönhals, (1788-1857), Austrian general in the Napoleonic Wars
, (1800-1842), nurse and teacher, cofounder of the Women's deaconate
Ewald von Kleist, (1881-1954), officer, Second World War field marshal
Ottmar Gerster (1897-1969), composer, conductor and viola player
Vanessa Jean Dedmon (born 1987), singer
Walter Braunfels, composer
References
External links
Braunfels
Aktionsring Braunfels e.V.
Freilichtbühne Bonbaden
Blasorchester Bonbaden, a "wind orchestra", mostly woodwinds and brass.
Burschenschaft Bonbaden, local Burschenschaft
Spa towns in Germany
Lahn-Dill-Kreis
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braunfels
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A Signal Transfer Point (STP) is a node in an SS7 network that routes signaling messages based on their destination point code in the SS7 network. It works as a router that relays SS7 messages between signaling end-points (SEPs) and other signaling transfer points (STPs). Typical SEPs include service switching points (SSPs) and service control points (SCPs). The STP is connected to adjacent SEPs and STPs via signaling links. Based on the address fields of the SS7 messages, the STP routes the messages to the appropriate outgoing signaling link. Edge STPs can also route based upon message body content using deep packet inspection techniques, and can provide address translations and screen content to limit the transfer of messages with dubious content or sent from unreliable sources. To meet stringent reliability requirements, STPs are typically provisioned in mated pairs.
These 'routers' are connected just by signaling links; they do not have users attached (where a user could be a mobile station (MS), a PSTN user in case of a public terrestrial network, or a piece of terminal equipment at the end of an ISDN B channel). SEPs send signaling messages to other SEPs, but the messages are normally routed via the SEP's adjacent STPs. An STP's main function is to identify the best path for two SEPs to communicate. A typical application would be for two SEPs to agree on the use of a shared data path (e.g., using ISUP to initiate a voice call between a user on one SEP and a user on the second SEP). In this way, STPs route signaling messages (for starting, maintaining or finishing any kind of calls originated by the SEPs' attached users) while avoiding disabled intermediary STPs.
A signaling message typically never goes directly from a given SEP to the destination SEP: the message would normally have to pass through the initiating SEP's adjacent STP so that it can be routed to the destination SEP. In some applications, however, SEPs might be directly connected with signaling links; this would typically be done to enhance robustness or performance between two critical SEPs. Such mesh network configurations are also common in Europe, where STPs have not found widespread deployment.
In some cases, signaling messages can be originated by the STP to learn about the state of the signaling network. Some examples include:
an STP may send route set test messages to probe the availability of a particular SEP;
it may send low-level MTP messages to an adjacent signaling point to check the Bit Error Rate (BER) on a particular signaling link; or
it may let other adjacent signaling points know that it is going out of service; in this way, the adjacent signaling points will try to avoid this OOS STP.
A given piece of equipment can implement both SEP and STP functionality. This is commonly done in some SSPs. This is also seen in Signaling Gateways that also have Application Server (AS) functionality as defined by the IETF.
Some UMTS number portability solutions are implemented in STPs. In UMTS, the STP provides Global Title Translation (GTT), which may be used to route queries from a gateway MSC (GMSC) to the HLR. Note that for every call to an MS, the call is first routed to the MS's Gateway MSC.
See also
Signaling End Point
Signaling System 7
References
Telecommunications equipment
Signaling System 7
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal%20Transfer%20Point
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Lonely Boy may refer to:
Music
"Lonely Boy" (Paul Anka song), 1959
"Lonely Boy" (Andrew Gold song), 1977
"Lonely Boy" (The Black Keys song), 2011
"Lonely Boy", a 1963 song by Larry Norman on the album Home at Last
"Lonely Boy", a 1979 song by the Sex Pistols on the album The Great Rock 'n' Roll Swindle
Other uses
Lonely Boy (film), a National Film Board of Canada documentary about Paul Anka
Lonely Boy (2013 film), an American comedy-drama with Mackenzie Astin
Lonely Boy, a name given to Dan Humphrey in the Gossip Girl television and novel series
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lonely%20Boy
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Thomas Gordon Seaton (August 30, 1887 – April 10, 1940) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball from 1912-1917. He was signed in 1909 as a pitcher by the Portland, Oregon baseball team in the Pacific Coast League. In he was part of a pitching staff that included Gene Krapp, Jack Graney, Bill Steen and Vean Gregg. The Philadelphia Phillies drafted Seaton in .
After struggling through a mediocre season in 1912, Seaton became a dominating pitcher in 1913 appearing in 52 games and compiling a 27–12 record in 322.1 innings. After a dispute involving his wife and the Phillies, Seaton signed with the Brooklyn Tip-Tops of the Federal League. Seaton went 25–14 that year. Seaton struggled in 1915.
After the Federal League folded after the 1915 season, Seaton pitched for the Chicago Cubs. He eventually was released and returned to the Pacific Coast League.
As a hitter, Seaton posted a .186 batting average (84-for-451) with 44 runs, 4 home runs, 32 RBI and 24 bases on balls in 231 games.
After the Black Sox Scandal of , Seaton and Luther "Casey" Smith were released in May 1920 due to rumors "...regarding the practices of the players (Seaton and Smith) and their associates."
He died on April 10, 1940.
See also
List of Major League Baseball annual strikeout leaders
List of Major League Baseball annual wins leaders
External links
1887 births
1940 deaths
People from Blair, Nebraska
Major League Baseball pitchers
Baseball players from Nebraska
Philadelphia Phillies players
Brooklyn Tip-Tops players
Newark Peppers players
Chicago Cubs players
National League strikeout champions
National League wins champions
Portland Beavers players
Portland Colts players
Los Angeles Angels (minor league) players
San Francisco Seals (baseball) players
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom%20Seaton
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Fatezh () is a town and the administrative center of Fatezhsky District in Kursk Oblast, Russia, located on the Usozha River north of Kursk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 4,959 (1897).
History and etymology
It was founded as a village in the 17th century and granted town status in 1779. Fatezh took its name from a local stream; the etymology is uncertain, but it may be based on the given names Foty or Iosafat in diminutive form (place names in -ezh are common in the region). During World War II, Fatezh was occupied by German troops from October 22, 1941 to February 7, 1943.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Fatezh serves as the administrative center of Fatezhsky District. As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Fatezhsky District as the town of district significance of Fatezh. As a municipal division, the town of district significance of Fatezh is incorporated within Fatezhsky Municipal District as Fatezh Urban Settlement.
Literary references
In Vasily Narezhny's 1814 novel A Russian Gil Blas (), the picaresque hero leaves his home village in Kursk Governorate to go to Moscow; after two weeks of traveling he reaches a magnificent city he is sure must be Moscow, but when he asks a passing policeman it turns out to be Fatezh.
Notable people
Fatezh is the birthplace of composer Georgy Sviridov.
References
Notes
Sources
External links
Official website of Fatezh
Fatezh Business Directory
Cities and towns in Kursk Oblast
Fatezhsky Uyezd
1779 establishments in the Russian Empire
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatezh
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The Kaplan–Sheinwold (or "K-S") bidding system was developed and popularized by Edgar Kaplan and Alfred Sheinwold during their partnership, which flourished during the 1950s and 1960s. K-S is one of many natural systems. The system was definitively described in their 1958 book How to Play Winning Bridge and later revised and retitled to The Kaplan-Sheinwold System of Winning Bridge in 1963.
Kaplan–Sheinwold and the Roth-Stone system were the two most influential challengers to Standard American bidding in the US in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. Although K-S is not frequently played in its original form in the 21st century, many of its features (though not the 12–14 point 1NT opening) survive in the popular 2/1 Game Forcing system. Additionally, a few elements of Kaplan–Sheinwold (notably Five-Card Majors) have become accepted as part of Standard American practice.
Among modern experts, Chip Martel and Lew Stansby play a system closely modeled on K-S, with loads of gadgets. In the late 1960s, the Precision Club system grafted a strong, forcing opening of 1 onto K-S, in effect following earlier suggestions by Marshall Miles that five-card majors and the weak no trump be added to the Schenken system. Kaplan viewed Precision with distaste, noting the disadvantages, both theoretical and at-the-table, of combining a strong club with five-card majors.
The principal features of K-S, as revised in the 1960s, are these:
Weak no trump. An opening bid of 1NT promises 12–14 high card points (HCP). Transfers are not used, and Stayman is non-forcing. Kaplan's highly successful partnership with Norman Kay used "Timid K-S," which departed from the original K-S structure by using a strong no trump when vulnerable.
Five-card majors, with limit raises. A 1NT response is forcing and responder's double is negative. 3NT is the strong, forcing raise. Two of a minor over a major suit opening is game forcing, unless rebid. 2 over 1 can be weaker (minimum is 10 points and a five card suit) than two of a minor, so as not to miss a good heart partial. Kaplan preferred to open 1 with 5-5 in the black suits and a minimum hand.
Minor suit openings are strong or unbalanced, or both, because the weak no trump handles all weak, balanced hands. A 1NT rebid by opener shows a strong no trump (15–17 HCP) and a 2NT rebid shows 18–20 HCP. Opener's reverses are forcing. Opener's simple rebids (e.g., 1 m – 1M; 2m) are restricted to absolute minimum hands, and tend to show six cards in the minor. Opener's jump rebids (e.g., 1 m – 1M; 3m) are enormously strong, promising a hand just shy of a forcing opening bid. After a 1 opening, a rebid of 2 shows the strength and pattern of a reverse, and opener's jump to 3 shows a weak hand with 5-5 in the minors.
In response to one of a minor, responder shows a four card major if possible with a weak or moderate hand. But with values for game, responder first bids a longer side suit, even the other minor, and may rebid in a major. For example, the sequence 1 – 1 ; 1 – 1 may show a strong hand with long diamonds and four spades, but it may also be a "moderately strong hand without a spade stopper."
Inverted minor suit raises are used (a single raise is strong, a double raise is weak and preemptive).
Weak two bids, including 2.
2 is the only strong, forcing opening.
Defensively, simple overcalls are taken to have the same range as an opening bid, and take-out doubles emphasize distribution.
Further reading
Kaplan's description of K-S in the Official Encyclopedia of Bridge
Various articles in The Bridge World appearing between 1963 and 1997
References
Bridge systems
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaplan%E2%80%93Sheinwold
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The Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame was established in 1976 to honour those who have made a significant contribution to the sport of harness and Thoroughbred horse racing in Canada. It is located at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Ontario.
The Hall of Fame annually inducts Thoroughbred and Standardbred horses, sulky drivers, jockeys, trainers and the horse racing industry's builders.
Background
Although the Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame (CHRHF) was founded in 1976, it was not until 1997 that it had a physical location. At that time, the Ontario Jockey Club granted a permanent site located at the West Entrance to Woodbine Racetrack. The Hall now includes information on each of the inductees plus related memorabilia, including trophies, silks, old racing programs and bronzed horseshoes. Each year, special displays are created to honour some of racing's greats, such as jockey Ron Turcotte or pacer Cam Fella.
In 2014, the Hall commemorated the 50th anniversary of Northern Dancer's wins in the Kentucky Derby, Preakness Stakes and Queen's Plate with a series of initiatives such as an online timeline of his career, the induction of his trainer Horatio Luro, a special tribute at the annual ceremony and a calendar. Northern Dancer and his owner, E. P. Taylor, were part of the original class of inductees in 1976. Since then, Northern Dancer's sire Nearctic, dam Natalma, sire's dam Lady Angela, several sons and daughters (including Nijinsky, The Minstrel, Northernette and Vice Regent), plus numerous descendants have also been inducted.
There are two nominating committees – one for the Thoroughbred industry, and the other for Standardbreds. Each committee nominates up to eight candidates, which are later voted on by the corresponding election committee. Any Canadian person or horse can be nominated for their achievements, whether in Canada or internationally. Foreign-bred horses who had a significant influence on Canadian racing or breeding may also be nominated. For example, Secretariat was nominated in 2013 in recognition of his appearance in the 1973 Canadian International, an appearance that brought worldwide attention to the race.
Inductees (year inducted)
Thoroughbred horses
Ace Marine (2003)
Afleet (1992)
All Along (2019) *
Alywow (2009)
Anita's Son (2005)
Archworth (2014)
Arise (1983)
Arravale (2012)
Apelia (2014)
Awesome Again (2001)
Belle Geste (1990)
Bold Ruckus (2006)
Bull Page (1977)
Bunty Lawless (1976)
Canadiana (1978)
Canadian Champ (2007)
Carotene (2003)
Casa Camara (2000)
Chief Bearhart (2002)
Chop Chop (1977)
Ciboulette (1983)
Classy 'n Smart (2004)
Cool Mood (2014)
Cool Reception (2005)
Dahlia (2016) *
Dance Smartly (1995) *
Dancethruthedawn (2011)
Deputy Minister (1988)
Duchess of York (1976)
E. Day (1989)
Exterminator (2016) *
Flaming Page (1980)
Fanfreluche (1981)
Frost King (1986)
Gallant Kitty (1977)
George Royal (1976)
Glorious Song (1995)
Heart to Heart (2021)
He's A Smoothie (2003)
Hidden Treasure (2013)
Horometer (1976)
Inferno (1976)
Izvestia (1999)
Jambalaya (2012)
Jammed Lovely (2007)
Joey (1976)
Judy the Beauty (2018)
Kennedy Road (2000)
Kingarvie (1976)
Lady Angela (2010)
Langcrest (1984)
Langfuhr (2004)
La Prevoyante (1976) *
La Voyageuse (2009)
Lauries Dancer (2006)
Lexie Lou (2019)
L'Alezane (2012)
L'Enjoleur (2007)
Major Presto (1982)
Martimas (2001)
Maryfield (2009)
Mine That Bird (2015)
Mona Bell (2000)
Natalma (2007)
Nearctic (1977)
New Providence (1982)
Nijinsky (1976)
No Class (1997)
Norcliffe (2005)
Northern Dancer (1976) *
Northernette (1987)
Not Too Shy (2021)
Overskate (1993)
Peteski (2009)
Play the King (2020)
Queensway (2003)
Quiet Resolve (2017)
Runaway Groom (2001)
Sealy Hill (2013)
Secretariat (2013) *
Shaman Ghost (2018)
Shepperton (1976)
Sir Barton (1976) *
Sky Classic (1998)
Smart Strike (2008)
Soaring Free (2013)
South Ocean (2017)
South Shore (2000)
Sunny's Halo (1986)
Square Angel (2011)
Tepin (2020)
Terror (1996)
The Minstrel (1979)
Touch Gold (2011)
Vice Regent (1989)
Victoria Park (1976)
Victorian Era (2010)
Victory Gallop (2010)
Wando (2014)
Wilderness Song (2008)
Windfields (2002)
Wise Dan (2016) *
With Approval (1993)
Wonder Where (2004)
Yellow Rose (1996)
Youville (1977)
Note: An * designates they are also an inductee of the United States National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame.
Standardbred horses
A Worthy Lad (2010)
Adios Pick (1989)
Admirals Express (2013)
Albatross (2014)
Alvin (2000)
Amour Angus (2020)
Angus Hall (2019)
Apaches Fame (2000)
Armbro Emerson (2006)
Armbro Feather (2006)
Armbro Flight (1976)
Armbro Nesbit (1977)
Armbro Feather (2006)
Armbro Omaha (2005)
Artsplace (2015)
As Promised (2006)
Astreos (2012)
BC Count (1984)
Balanced Image (2000)
Bardot Hanover (1986)
Battle Axe (2002)
Bay State Pat (1983)
Bettor's Delight (2007)
Bill Sharon (2000)
Billyjojimbob (1995)
Blissfull Hall (2018)
Bridger (1988)
Burning Point (2011)
Cam Fella (1986)
Camluck (2003)
Captain Aubrey (2001)
Cathedra (2007)
Celias Counsel (2013)
Champ Volo (2003)
Chancey Lady (2018)
Chilcoot (1976)
Classic Wish (2010)
Claybrook Van (1980)
Countess Adios (2000)
Dalyce Blue (2012)
Dan Patch (2019) *
Dillon Mc (2002)
Dominion Grattan (1976)
Dotties Pick (1976)
Dr Stanton (1976)
Dream of Glory (1993)
Dreamfair Eternal (2014)
Dudey Patch (1998)
Elegantimage (2017)
Ellamony (1998)
Eternal Camnation (2013)
Fan Hanover (1986)
Fern Hal (2003)
Flemington's Jane (1988)
Frank Bogash Jr (1978)
Fresh Yankee (1976)
Garland Lobell (2005)
Glorys Comet (2005)
Goodtimes (2004)
Grades Singing (1996)
Grattan Bars (1976)
Grattan Royal (1981)
Great Memories (2021)
Handle With Care (1979)
Happy Three (2017)
Harold H (2015)
Helicopter (1984)
Hy Class Minbar (1990)
Invincible Shadow (1976)
Invitro (2011)
JCs Nathalie (2015)
John R Braden (2001)
Kadabra (2012)
Lee Hanover (1982)
Mach Three (2017)
Make Believe (1987)
Matt's Scooter (1992)
McWicked (2020)
Mighty Dudley (1985)
Miss Admiral Todd (1983)
Miss Vera Bars (1977)
Mister Big (2010)
Mystic Mistress (2012)
Niatross (2013)
No Sex Please (1993)
Odies Fame (2016)
On The Road Again (1999)
Peaceful Way (2008)
Precious Bunny (2004)
Ralph Hanover (1986)
Rambling Willie (2020)
Real Desire (2008)
Rena Bison (2000)
Rich N Elegant (2009)
Rocknroll Hanover (2014)
Run The Table (2006)
San Pail (2016)
Silent Majority (1976)
Silver Reign (2011)
Singing Herbert (1983)
Skippy Day Brook (1987)
Somebeachsomewhere (2009)
Staying Together (2002)
Strike Out (1976)
Super Wave (2002)
Symbol Allen (2000)
Tacony (1985)
The Count B (1981)
The Eel (2011)
The Exposer (2002)
The Ghost (2003)
Tie Silk (1976)
Toll Gate (2000)
Town Pro (2004)
Tricky Tooshie (2019)
Watchim (2000)
Wesgate Frame (2011)
Winnipeg (1976)
Woodlawn Drummond (2016)
Thoroughbred jockeys
Ted Atkinson (2002) *
Larry Attard (2001)
Russell Baze (2012) *
Gary Boulanger (2020)
Thomas H. Burns (2011) *
John Dewhurst (2012)
Hugo Dittfach (1983)
Stewart Elliott (2015)
Jeffrey Fell (1993)
Jim Fitzsimmons (1984)
Dude Foden (2000)
David A. Gall (1993)
Avelino Gomez (1977) *
Sandy Hawley (1986) *
Robert Landry (2014)
Chick Lang (1990)
Herb Lindberg (1991)
Charles S. Littlefield (2000)
Johnny Longden (1976) *
Chris Loseth (2007)
Don MacBeth (1988)
Frank Mann (2000)
Dick O'Leary (2000)
Robin Platts (1997)
Red Pollard (1982)
Pat Remillard (1979)
Chris Rogers (1977)
Willie Saunders (1976)
Don Seymour (1999)
Ron Turcotte (1980) *
Mickey Walls (2019)
Bobby Watson (1998)
Hedley Woodhouse (1980)
George Woolf (1976) *
Thoroughbred trainers
Bert Alexandra (2002)
Sid Attard (2013)
Roger Attfield (1999) *
Reade Baker (2018)
Frank Barroby (2010)
Harold Barroby (2017)
Macdonald Benson (2002)
James C. Bentley (1981)
Charles Boyle (2001)
William H. Bringloe (2000)
Duke Campbell (1984)
Josie Carroll (2019)
Mark Casse (2016)
Lou Cavalaris Jr. (1995)
David C. Cross Jr. (2006)
James E. Day (2006)
John Dyment Jr. (2001)
Philip England (2013)
Morris Fishman (2001)
Mark Frostad (2011)
Harry Giddings Jr. (1985)
Robert K. Hodgson (2001)
Gordon M. Huntley (1998)
Roy Johnson (2003)
Mike Keogh (2020)
Barry Littlefield (2000)
Roger Laurin (2015)
Lucien Laurin (1978) *
Horatio Luro (2014) *
Patrick MacMurchy (2012)
Ted Mann (1982)
Gordon J. McCann (1979)
Frank H. Merrill Jr. (1981)
Jerry C. Meyer (1999)
John Nixon (2002)
John Passero (2000)
Gil Rowntree (1997)
Fred Schelke (2002)
Red Smith (2004)
Yonnie Starr (1979)
Alfred I. Taylor (1987)
Johnny J. Thorpe (2002)
Robert P. Tiller (2008)
John R. Walker (2000)
James White (1996)
Ed Whyte (2001)
Arthur H. Warner (1984)
Standardbred drivers and trainers
Earle Avery (1977)
Ralph N. Baldwin (1977)
Douglas S. Brown (2006)
Blair Burgess (2017)
Duncan R. (Dunc) Campbell (1983)
John Campbell (1987)
Clifford Chapman, Sr. (1989)
John Chapman (1979)
Keith Clark (2009)
Steve Condren (2011)
Johnny Conroy (1983)
Benoit Cote (1981)
Jim Doherty (2018)
Ron Feagan (1980)
Hervé Filion (1976)
Yves Filion (2016)
Dr. John Findley (1997)
Stewart Firlotte (2005)
William (Bud) Fritz (2001)
Vic Fleming (1976)
Clint Galbraith (1998)
William Gale (2015)
Jules Giguere (1990)
William "Buddy" Gilmour (1988)
Shelly Goudreau (1983)
John Hayes (1991)
Jacques Hebert (2006)
Wally Hennessey (2014)
Clint Hodgins (1977)
William R. Hood (2000)
Carl Jamieson (2013)
Jim Kealey (2002)
William H. Keys (2002)
Jack Kopas (1989)
Gilles Lachance (1997)
Michel Lachance (1993)
Paul-Emile Larente (1985)
Paul MacDonell (2020)
Del MacTavish, Sr. (1982)
David J. McClary (2002)
Robert McIntosh (2010)
Harold McKinley (1984)
Joe O'Brien (1976)
William O'Donnell (1986)
Nealie Oliver (1990)
David Pinkney (2001)
Nathaniel D. Ray (1981)
Ray Remmen (1991)
Trevor Ritchie (2019)
Vernon Weston Rowntree (2001)
Heber M. Sweeny (2000)
Silent Charley Sweet (2003)
Jimmy Takter (2019) *
Allan Walker (1996)
Dave Wall (2012)
Ben Wallace (2020)
Keith Waples (1978)
Randy Waples (2021)
Ron Waples (1986)
Harold Francis Wellwood (2001)
William Wellwood (2001)
Ben White (1977)
Roger White (1976)
Mildred Williams (2012)
Builders
Ernest D. Adams (1984)
Robert Anderson (2015)
William (Bill) Andrew (2018)
Roland Armitage (1999)
H. Charles Armstrong (2015)
J. Elgin Armstrong (1976)
Charles Franklyn Baker (1993)
Bill Beasley (1985)
Max Bell (1977)
Russ & Lois Bennett (2007)
Raymond Benoit (1985)
Judge S. Tupper Bigelow (1991)
Lucien Bombardier (1986)
Ed Bradley (1993)
Dr. Glen Brown (1995)
James Brown (1979)
Moe "Murray" Brown (2003)
Jim Bullock (2021)
Robert Burgess (2011)
Charles F.W. Burns (1991)
Michael Burns (1997)
Chris Van Bussel (2004)
George A. Callbeck (1978)
James Cuthbert Cameron (1978)
Louis E. Cauz (2008)
Cliff Chapman Jr. (2008)
Lloyd Chisholm (1991)
Dr. Ted Clarke (2014)
Jim Coleman (1984)
Dr. Michael Colterjohn (2016)
Frank R. Conklin (2003)
William J. Connelly (1985)
Capt. John T. Cruickshank (1985)
Lou Davies (1977)
Robert T. Davies (2001)
Jack Diamond (1977)
H. Allan Dickenson (1981)
Milt Dunnell (1991)
Albert E. Dyment (2001)
Nathaniel Dyment (2001)
Leslie Ehrlick (1985)
John Ferguson (2016)
Donald (Buckets) Fleming (1992)
Ian Fleming (2019)
Cameron J.D. Fraser (1984)
George Frostad (1999)
George R. Gardiner (2000)
Georges Giguere (1978)
Dr. Gordon Gilbertson (2017)
Tommy Gorman (1977)
Elizabeth Arden Graham (2003)
Jack Graham (1990)
W. (Bill) D. Graham (2014)
John Grant (1998)
Dr. Brad H. Gunn (1981)
G. Sydney Halter (1988)
Jack Hardy (2001)
Stanley Harrison (1979)
Harry C. Hatch (2000)
Herbert E. Hatch (1982)
R. Peter Heffering (2010)
George Campbell Hendrie (1977)
William Hendrie (1976)
Bill Herbert (1977)
Jack Hood (2013)
W. J. Hyatt (2011)
Lew James (1987)
Samuel Johnston (2013)
Charles Juravinski (2012)
Jim Keeling Sr. (2001)
A.G. (Scotty) Kennedy (1983)
Jack H. Kenney (1990)
Sydney J. Langill (1977)
Mel P. Lawson (2010)
Raymond Lemay (1983)
Jean-Louis Lévesque (1976)
Sue Leslie (2020)
Pierre Levesque (2008)
Irving Liverman (2002)
Lily A. Livingston (2011)
Mike MacCormac (2000)
Lt.-Col. Dan MacKinnon (1976)
Leslie E. MacLeod (2001)
Col. K.R. (Rud) Marshall (2015)
Sam McBride (2000)
Don McClelland (2004)
Col. Samuel McLaughlin (1977)
Jack McNiven (2007)
Dr. W. N. Meldrum (2002)
Eugene Melnyk (2017)
Maurice Michaud (1976)
Aubrey W. Minshall (2012)
Adrien Miron (1977)
John J. Mooney (1984)
W.F. (Willie) Morrissey (2001)
Bory Margolus (2019)
Robert Murphy (2014)
Ryland H. New (2002)
Abe Orpen (1980)
Victoria (Vicki) Pappas (2021)
T. C. Patteson (1976)
J. Samuel Perlman (1977)
Merv Peters (1993)
James (Jimmy) W. Power (2000)
Jim Proudfoot (2003)
S.W. (Sam) Randall (1978)
Larry Regan (1989)
Cmdr J.K.L. Ross (1976)
The Hon. Earl Rowe (1976)
William Rowe (2013)
Ernie Samuel (1998)
Tammy Samuel-Balaz (2011)
Gustav Schickedanz (2009)
George (Judge) Schilling (1977)
Joseph E. Seagram (1976)
Frank J. Selke (2003)
Oliver B. Sheppard (2000)
Jack Short (1987)
John G. Sikura (2018)
John Sikura Jr. (2013)
Claire C. Smith (1991)
Conn Smythe (1977)
Robert James Speers (1976)
Walter Sprague (1989)
Jack Stafford (horse racing) (1982)
Steve Stavro (2006)
Arthur W. Stollery (2014)
Frank Stronach (2002)
Austin C. Taylor (1976)
Charles Taylor (1996)
E. P. Taylor (1976)
Joe Thomas (1985)
Gabe Trahan (1986)
Gerard Veilleux (1977)
Max Webster (1991)
Eric Whebby (1999)
John White (1996)
Lee Williams (1982)
Katherine Langdon Wilks (1981)
David S. Willmot (2005)
Donald G. Willmot (1991)
James Wright (1983)
See also
American National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame
American Harness Racing Museum & Hall of Fame
Australian Racing Hall of Fame
British National Horseracing Museum
New Zealand Racing Hall of Fame
References
External links
Horse racing in Canada
Horse racing museums and halls of fame
Halls of fame in Canada
Canadian sports trophies and awards
1976 establishments in Ontario
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian%20Horse%20Racing%20Hall%20of%20Fame
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Iris croatica is a bearded rhizomatous species of iris (subgenus Iris) endemic to Croatia.
Description
It has branched stems and dark violet flowers. Like other irises, it has 2 pairs of petals, 3 large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or tepals), known as the 'standards'. The standards are slightly paler than the falls, they have white veining on the throat. It has a beard which is whitish yellow, and the spathes are slightly tinged with red-violet, like those of Iris aphylla.
Genetics
As most irises are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes, this can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings. It was counted as 4n=48 (making it a tetraploid).
Taxonomy
It was described in 1962 by botanists Ivo and Marija Horvat, in 'Acta Bot. Croatica', Issue 20–21 on page 8. Then in 1981, Brian Mathew in his book 'The iris', reclassified it a synonym of Iris germanica.
Distribution and habitat
Iris croatica is native to temperate areas of Europe.
Range
It is found in Croatia and Slovenia.
It grows mostly in the woods of downy oak (Quercus pubescens) and black hophornbeam (Ostrya carpinifolia) on dolomite and limestone soils. It is known from hilly parts of continental Croatia including the hills of Samoborsko gorje (near Samobor), the hill Cesargradska gora (near Klanjec), near Josipdol, on the hill of Strahinjčica (near Radoboj), and at Zagrebačko gorje and Žumberačko gorje.
It is on the Croatian list of strictly protected plants, among nine Iridaceae species.
It is unofficially known as the national flower of Croatia.
References
External links
Iris croatica Flora Croatica Database
croatica
Endemic flora of Croatia
Garden plants of Europe
Culture of Croatia
Plants described in 1962
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris%20croatica
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Sulfanilamide (also spelled sulphanilamide) is a sulfonamide antibacterial drug. Chemically, it is an organic compound consisting of an aniline derivatized with a sulfonamide group. Powdered sulfanilamide was used by the Allies in World War II to reduce infection rates and contributed to a dramatic reduction in mortality rates compared to previous wars. Sulfanilamide is rarely if ever used systemically due to toxicity and because more effective sulfonamides are available for this purpose. Modern antibiotics have supplanted sulfanilamide on the battlefield; however, sulfanilamide remains in use today in the form of topical preparations, primarily for treatment of vaginal yeast infections mainly vulvovaginitis which is caused by Candida albicans.
The term "sulfanilamides" is also sometimes used to describe a family of molecules containing these functional groups. Examples include:
Furosemide, a loop diuretic
Sulfadiazine, an antibiotic
Sulfamethoxazole, an antibiotic
Mechanism of action
As a sulfonamide antibiotic, sulfanilamide functions by competitively inhibiting (that is, by acting as a substrate analogue) enzymatic reactions involving para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). Specifically, it competitively inhibits the enzyme dihydropteroate synthase. PABA is needed in enzymatic reactions that produce folic acid, which acts as a coenzyme in the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines. Mammals do not synthesize their own folic acid so are unaffected by PABA inhibitors, which selectively kill bacteria.
However, this effect can be reversed by adding the end products of one-carbon transfer reactions, such as thymidine, purines, methionine, and serine. PABA can also reverse the effects of sulfonamides.
History
Sulfanilamide was first prepared in 1908 by the Austrian chemist Paul Josef Jakob Gelmo (1879–1961) as part of his dissertation for a doctoral degree from the Technische Hochschule of Vienna. It was patented in 1909.
Gerhard Domagk, who directed the testing of the prodrug Prontosil in 1935, and Jacques Tréfouël and Thérèse Tréfouël, who along with Federico Nitti and Daniel Bovet in the laboratory of Ernest Fourneau at the Pasteur Institute, determined sulfanilamide as the active form, are generally credited with the discovery of sulfanilamide as a chemotherapeutic agent. Domagk was awarded the Nobel Prize for his work.
In 1937, Elixir sulfanilamide, a medicine consisting of sulfanilamide dissolved in diethylene glycol, poisoned and killed more than 100 people as a result of acute kidney failure, prompting new US regulations for drug testing. In 1938, the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act was passed. It was only the solvent and not the sulfanilamide that was the problem, as sulfanilamide was widely and safely used at the time in both tablet and powder form.
Chemical and physical properties
Sulfanilamide is a yellowish-white or white crystal or fine powder. It has a density of 1.08 g/cm3 and a melting point of 164.5-166.5 °C. The pH of a 0.5% aqueous solution of Sulfanilamide is 5.8 to 6.1. It has a λmax of 255 and 312 nm.
Solubility: One gram of sulphanilamide dissolves in approximately 37 ml alcohol or in 5 ml acetone. It is practically insoluble in chloroform, ether, or benzene.
Contraindications
Sulphanilamide is contraindicated in those known to be hypersensitive to sulfonamides, in nursing mothers, during pregnancy near term and in infants less than 2 months of age.
Adverse effects
Since sulfanilamide is used almost exclusively in topical vaginal preparations these days, adverse effects are typically limited to hypersensitivity or local skin reactions. If absorbed, systemic side effects commonly seen with sulfanilamides may occur.
Pharmacokinetics
A small amount of sulfanilamide is absorbed following topical application or when administered as a vaginal cream or suppository (through the vaginal mucosa). It is metabolized by acetylation like other sulfonamides and excreted through the urine.
See also
Sulfonamide (medicine)
Nazi human experimentation — Sulfonamide experiments
Elixir sulfanilamide
External links
References
Sulfonamide antibiotics
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfanilamide
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Rodenbach may refer to:
Rodenbach Brewery, a brewery from Roeselare, Belgium
Places
Rodenbach, Hesse, in the Main-Kinzig district, Hesse, Germany
Rodenbach, Rhineland-Palatinate, in the district of Kaiserslautern, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
Rodenbach bei Puderbach, in the district of Neuwied, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
Rivers
Rodenbach (Eisbach), a river in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
Rodenbach (Wapelbach), a river in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
People
Georges Rodenbach (1855–1898), Belgian author
Albrecht Rodenbach (1856–1880), Belgian author
See also
Rodenbachfonds, a Flemish non-profit cultural organisation for the promotion and support of the Dutch language in Flanders, named after Albrecht Rodenbach
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodenbach
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Oboyan () is a town and the administrative center of Oboyansky District in Kursk Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Psyol at its confluence with the Oboyanka, south of Kursk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:
History
It was founded in 1639 as a fortress on the southern borders of the Russian state. It was granted town status in 1779. During World War I, Oboyan was occupied by German troops on April 17–19, 1918. During the Russian Civil War, Oboyan was controlled by the troops of General Denikin on August 17–30, 1918 and from September 13, 1918 to November 26, 1919. During World War II, Oboyan was occupied by German troops from November 16, 1941 to February 18, 1943.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Oboyan serves as the administrative center of Oboyansky District. As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Oboyansky District as the town of district significance of Oboyan. As a municipal division, the town of district significance of Oboyan is incorporated within Oboyansky Municipal District as Oboyan Urban Settlement.
References
Notes
Sources
Cities and towns in Kursk Oblast
Oboyansky Uyezd
Populated places established in 1639
1639 establishments in Russia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oboyan
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Rodenbach is a municipality in the Main-Kinzig district, in Hesse, Germany. It is situated on the river Kinzig, 8 km east of Hanau.
References
External links
Municipalities in Hesse
Main-Kinzig-Kreis
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodenbach%2C%20Hesse
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Karim Touzani (born 11 September 1980) is a Dutch former footballer of Moroccan descent. He played as a midfielder or a defender. He is also the older brother of football freestyler, Soufiane Touzani.
Club career
Born in Amsterdam, Touzani came through the Ajax academy, but failed to make the first team. He then went on to play for FC Utrecht and FC Twente, an identical history to former Aberdeen and Scotland striker Scott Booth. While playing for Utrecht, he was just about to make a £1.5 million move to PSV Eindhoven, until an unfortunate training ground injury. He suffered a cracked tibia and fibula, after an ill-timed lunge tackle by Dirk Kuyt.
He signed a one-year deal with Aberdeen in June 2006 but was plagued by injury throughout his first season in Scotland. In July 2008, Touzani completed a free transfer to Dutch outfit Sparta Rotterdam. Touzani's contract was not renewed for the 2011–12 season, this implicated the end of his professional football career.
International career
He played for the Netherlands youth team, alongside Rafael van der Vaart.
References
External links
1980 births
Living people
Footballers from Amsterdam
Dutch sportspeople of Moroccan descent
Men's association football midfielders
Men's association football defenders
Dutch men's footballers
FC Utrecht players
FC Twente players
Aberdeen F.C. players
Sparta Rotterdam players
Eredivisie players
Scottish Premier League players
Expatriate men's footballers in Scotland
Dutch expatriate men's footballers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karim%20Touzani
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The National Unity Party () is a minor political party in the Dominican Republic. It first contested national elections in 2002, when it received less than 1% of the vote and failed to win a seat. At the 2006 parliamentary election it was part of the defeated Grand National Alliance.
References
Political parties in the Dominican Republic
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Unity%20Party%20%28Dominican%20Republic%29
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The Greenbrier Ghost is the name popularly given to the ghost of Elva Zona Heaster Shue, a young woman in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States, who was murdered in 1897. Initially judged a death by natural causes, the court later declared that the woman had been murdered by her husband, following testimony by the victim's mother, Mary Jane Heaster, in which she claimed that her daughter's spirit revealed the true cause of death.
Murder
In October 1896, Elva Zona Heaster (who went by her middle name Zona) met a blacksmith named Erasmus Stribbling Trout Shue, and married him soon afterwards, taking his surname. On January 23, 1897, Zona was found dead in her home. The cause of death was listed as "childbirth". She was buried on January 24, 1897, in the local cemetery now known as the Soule Chapel Methodist Cemetery.
Her mother, Mary Jane Heaster, later claimed to have seen Zona's ghost at her bedside. According to Mary Jane's story, Zona insisted that Erasmus had murdered her.
Exhumation and autopsy
Armed with the story allegedly told to her by the ghost, Mary Jane Heaster visited the local prosecutor, John Alfred Preston, and spent several hours in his office convincing him to reopen the matter of her daughter's death. Whether he believed her story of the ghost is unknown, but he did have enough doubt to dispatch deputies to reinterview several people of interest in the case, including Dr. Knapp. He was likely responding to public sentiment, as numerous locals had begun suggesting that Zona had been murdered.
Preston himself went to speak to Dr. Knapp, who stated that he had not made a complete examination of the body. This was viewed as sufficient justification for an autopsy, and an exhumation was ordered and an inquest jury formed.
Zona's body was examined on February 22, 1897, in the local one-room schoolhouse. The autopsy lasted three hours, and found that Zona's neck had been broken. According to the report, published on March 9, 1897, "the discovery was made that the neck was broken and the windpipe mashed. On the throat were the marks of fingers indicating that she had been choked. The neck was dislocated between the first and second vertebrae. The ligaments were torn and ruptured. The windpipe had been crushed at a point in front of the neck." Shue was arrested and charged with the murder of his wife.
Trial
Erasmus Shue was held in the jail in Lewisburg while waiting for the trial to begin. During this time, more information about his past was coming to light. He had been married twice before: his first marriage had ended in divorce, with his wife accusing him of great cruelty; his second wife had died under mysterious circumstances less than a year after they were married. Zona was his third wife, and Shue began to talk of wishing to wed seven women; he freely spoke of this ambition while in jail, and told reporters that he was sure he would be let free because there was so little evidence against him.
The trial began on June 22, 1897, and Mary Jane Heaster was Preston's star witness. He confined his questioning to the known facts of the case, skirting the issue of her ghostly sightings. Perhaps hoping to prove her unreliable, Shue's lawyer questioned Mrs. Heaster extensively about her daughter's visits on cross-examination. The tactic backfired when Mrs. Heaster would not waver in her account despite intense badgering. As the defense had introduced the issue, the judge found it difficult to instruct the jury to disregard the story of the ghost, and many people in the community seemed to believe it.
Consequently, Shue was found guilty of murder on July 11 and sentenced to life in prison. However, "the Greenbrier ghost was never mentioned by the prosecution and played no part in the case against Shue".
A lynch mob was formed to take him from the jail and hang him, but the mob was disbanded by the deputy sheriff before any damage was done. Four of the mob's organizers later faced charges for their actions.
Aftermath
Erasmus Shue died on March 13, 1900, in West Virginia State Penitentiary in Moundsville, the victim of an unknown epidemic. He was buried in an unmarked grave in the local cemetery.
State historical marker
The state of West Virginia has erected a state historical marker near the cemetery in which Zona Shue is buried. It reads:
Interred in nearby cemetery is Zona Heaster Shue. Her death in 1897 was presumed natural until her spirit appeared to her mother to describe how she was killed by her husband Edward. Autopsy on the exhumed body verified the apparition's account. Edward, found guilty of murder, was sentenced to the state prison. Only known case in which testimony from a ghost helped convict a murderer.
In popular culture
Katie Letcher Lyle, a writer and an amateur historian, in her book The Man Who Wanted Seven Wives: The Greenbrier Ghost and the Famous Murder Mystery of 1897, gave a dramatized account of the Greenbrier Ghost. Lyle explained her conclusion in a 1999 issue of Wonderful West Virginia magazine in which she said that Mary had probably made up the story of the ghost in order to make a compelling argument to open up her daughter's case. She said, "Mary knew [Shue] to be clever, unprincipled, and persuasive. If he'd murdered once, he could murder again. Perhaps she feared that if no one validated her accusations, Shue would prove extremely dangerous. So pretending to receive the news directly from Zona, she could appeal to the superstitions of her mountaineer neighbors and get a lot of public attention. As it turned out, she didn't need the ghost story, for Shue was convicted, according to every account, strictly on earthly considerations, without any unearthly ghosts."
The story of the Greenbrier Ghost is the subject of four stage adaptations. Jan Buttram's play Zona was produced in 1998 by Greenbrier Valley Theatre, the state professional theatre of West Virginia. Karen Benelli's “The Ghost of Greenbrier County” was produced in 2004 at the New York Fringe Festival by the Rising Sun Theatre Co. The Greenbrier Ghost, a full-length musical adaptation, was written by Cathey Sawyer (book and lyrics) and Joe Buttram (music). The show premiered in 2003 at Greenbrier Valley Theatre, with subsequent productions in 2004, 2009 and 2013. Another full-length musical adaptation of this story is Greenbrier, 1897, written and performed by the Lovewell Institute for the Creative Arts. The musical debuted on June 28, 2018, and had performances on June 28-June 30 of 2018.
The Unquiet Grave, a 2017 novel by Sharyn McCrumb, is based on the Greenbrier case.
The Comedy Central show Drunk History profiled the Greenbrier Ghost and subsequent trial in the 2019 episode "Believe It or Not" (season 6 episode 9).
See also
List of ghosts
Red Barn Murder, an English murder case where the murderer was allegedly revealed by the victim's ghost
References
Further reading
Dietz, Dennis. The Greenbrier Ghost and Other Strange Stories, South Charleston, WV, Mountain Memories Books, 1990.
Fitzhugh, Pat. Ghostly Cries From Dixie, Nashville, TN, The Armand Press, 2009.
Lyle, Katie Lethcer. Man Who Wanted Seven Wives: The Greenbrier Ghost and the Famous Murder Mystery of 1897, Quarrier Press, 1999
External links
PrairieGhosts.com story
1870s births
1897 murders in the United States
1897 deaths
American ghosts
American murder victims
Greenbrier County, West Virginia
People murdered in West Virginia
Female murder victims
Uxoricides
West Virginia folklore
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenbrier%20Ghost
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The Quisqueyano Christian Democratic Party () is a minor social-conservative, nationalist, Christian-democratic political party of the Dominican Republic. In the 16 May 2006 election, the party was a member of the defeated Grand National Alliance.
References
Christian democratic parties in North America
Political parties in the Dominican Republic
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quisqueyano%20Christian%20Democratic%20Party
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The People's Democratic Party () is a minor political party in the Dominican Republic. It first contested national elections in 1974, when it provided the main opposition to the ruling Reformist Party due to the Dominican Revolutionary Party not contesting the elections. Its candidate, Luis Homero Lajara Burgos, received 15% of the vote in the presidential election, whilst the party won three seats in the House of Representatives. In 1978 many of the opposition parties returned to the electoral scene. Lajara Burgos received only 0.4% of the vote in the presidential election, whilst the party lost all three seats in the House of Representatives after a similar result in the Congressional elections.
In 1994 it formed an alliance with the Social Christian Reformist Party. Whilst the PRSC's candidate won the presidential election, the alliance was defeated by the Dominican Revolutionary Party-led coalition in the Congressional elections. In the 2006 elections it was part of the defeated Grand National Alliance.
References
Political parties in the Dominican Republic
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s%20Democratic%20Party%20%28Dominican%20Republic%29
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"When the Money's Gone" is a song written by Bruce Roberts and Donna Weiss and first released by Roberts on his 1995 album Intimacy. English musician Elton John provided backing vocals. An uptempo dance remix featuring Kristine W was also issued. The track peaked at number thirty-two on Billboard's Hot Dance Club Play chart.
In 2003 the song was released as the last North American single by American singer-actress Cher from her twenty-fifth studio album, Living Proof. It was released in 2003 by Warner Bros, and WEA.
Charts
Cher version
In 2001, Cher released a cover of the song on her album, Living Proof. In 2003, "When the Money's Gone" with the song "Love One Another" as its B-side was released as Cher's third and final American single. "Love One Another" earned Cher a Grammy nomination for Best Dance Recording; however, she lost the award to Kylie Minogue's song, "Come into My World". Cher performed "Love One Another" on The Farewell Tour and was sung as part of the Love Medley on the fifth leg of the tour only in Europe.
Track listing
US CD Maxi Single (42496-2)
"When The Money's Gone" (Brother Brown H&H Vocal Mix) - 8.06
"When The Money's Gone" (The Passengerz Club Mix) - 7.29
"When The Money's Gone" (Thick Dick Vs. Cher Bootleg Mix) - 8.09
"When The Money's Gone" (Manny Lehman Vocal) - 9.26
"When The Money's Gone" (Brother Brown Dynamo Mix) - 7.37
"Love One Another" (Eddie Baez Club Mix) - 8.49
"Love One Another" (J Start Club Mix) - 8..05
"Love One Another" (Friscia & Lamboy Club Mix) - 9.43
Critical reception
Allmusic editor Kerry L. Smith wrote that fans and club kids would appreciate the "rapid-fire drum beats on th[is] airy track". Slant Magazine called this song one of the worst moments on the album but still praised it for "maintain[ing] the high-energy, club-ready pace [of the album]".
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
See also
List of Billboard Hot Dance Music/Club Play number ones of 2003
References
External links
Official Cher site
Warner official site
1995 songs
1995 singles
Cher songs
2003 singles
Songs written by Bruce Roberts (singer)
Bruce Roberts (singer) songs
Warner Records singles
Songs written by Donna Weiss
Articles containing video clips
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/When%20the%20Money%27s%20Gone
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The Christian People's Party () is a minor political party in the Dominican Republic. It first contested national elections in 1986, when it was part of the Dominican Revolutionary Party-led alliance which lost to the Social Christian Reformist Party coalition. In the 1990 elections it formed an alliance with MIM, but received only 0.4% of the national vote and failed to win a seat. The party did not contest the 1994 elections, but was again part of a Dominican Revolutionary Party-led alliance in the 1998 elections. However, it switched its allegiance to the Social Christian Reformist Party for the 2002 elections. It had a candidate in the 2004 presidential elections, but they received less than 0.5% of the vote. In the 2006 elections it was part of the defeated Grand National Alliance. The party did not contest the 2010 elections.
References
Christian political parties
Political parties in the Dominican Republic
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian%20People%27s%20Party%20%28Dominican%20Republic%29
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The National Citizen Will Party (, PNVC), formerly known as the National Civic Veterans Party, is a minor Christian-democratic and social-conservative political party in the Dominican Republic. It was founded on 10 May 1973 by Sergeant Federico Marte Pichardo, under the initiative of then-President Joaquin Balaguer, and was renamed on 8 March 2015. It is currently directed by Juan Cohen.
The party first contested national elections in 1982 when it won 1.6% of the vote, but failed to win a seat. For the 1986 and 1990 elections it was part of the victorious Social Christian Reformist Party-led coalition. For the 1994 elections it changed its allegiance to the Dominican Revolutionary Party-led coalition that won the Congressional elections but lost the presidential vote. It contested the 2002 elections alone, but failed to win a seat after receiving only 0.5% of the vote. For the 2006 elections it was part of the defeated Grand National Alliance.
References
Further reading
External links
Official website
Political parties in the Dominican Republic
Christian democratic parties in North America
Social conservative parties
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Citizen%20Will%20Party
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"Lonely Boy" is a song written and recorded by Paul Anka. Recorded in August 1958 with Don Costa's orchestra in New York, "Lonely Boy" was not released until May 11, 1959. Anka sang this song in the film Girls Town. When released as a single, it topped the Billboard Hot 100 for four weeks, becoming Anka's first song to do so, although he had earlier topped Billboard's Best Sellers in Stores chart with "Diana". Billboard ranked it as No. 5 for 1959. The song reached No. 2 in the Canadian CHUM Charts.
In 2007, "Lonely Boy" appeared on the Classic Songs (greatest hits) disc of Anka's album Classic Songs, My Way.
Charts
All-time charts
Cover versions
In 1971, by Billy "Crash" Craddock, released on the album Knock Three Times.
Donny Osmond had a 1972 single revival of the song, charting as the B-side to his hit single, "Why".
Gary Glitter did a cover of "Lonely Boy" on his 1973 album Touch Me
See also
Lonely Boy (film)
List of Hot 100 number-one singles of 1959 (U.S.)
References
1959 songs
1959 singles
Paul Anka songs
Donny Osmond songs
Gary Glitter songs
Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles
Cashbox number-one singles
Songs written by Paul Anka
ABC Records singles
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lonely%20Boy%20%28Paul%20Anka%20song%29
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The Green Socialist Party () is a minor political party of the Dominican Republic. In the 16 May 2006 election, the party was a member of the defeated Grand National Alliance.
References
External links
Democratic socialist parties in North America
Ecosocialist parties
Global Greens member parties
Green parties in North America
Political parties in the Dominican Republic
Political parties with year of establishment missing
Socialism in the Dominican Republic
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green%20Socialist%20Party
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The Revolutionary Social Democratic Party () is a minor political party of the Dominican Republic. It is without parliamentary representation despite have gained 1.6 percent of the vote after counting of the 16 May 2006 election.
References
www.prsdweb.com: Official Website.
Political parties in the Dominican Republic
Social democratic parties in North America
Social democratic parties
Socialism in the Dominican Republic
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutionary%20Social%20Democratic%20Party
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The Broad Front (), previously named the Movement for Independence, Unity and Change (), is a political formation in the Dominican Republic with a leftist-progressive platform. On the May 16th, 2006 parliamentary election it got 9,735 votes (0.32%), but no seats. In the municipal elections held simultaneously, the group had its best performance in Peralvillo (1,271 votes, 16.36%) and Bayaguana (1,274 votes, 10.27%). Virtudes Álvarez has been its leader for some time.
References
External links
Leftist Parties of the World, Dominican Republic. April 25, 2005.
1992 establishments in the Dominican Republic
Feminist organizations in the Dominican Republic
Feminist parties in North America
Political parties established in 1992
Political parties in the Dominican Republic
Progressive parties
Socialism in the Dominican Republic
Socialist parties in North America
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broad%20Front%20%28Dominican%20Republic%29
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The Independent Revolutionary Party (PRI) () is a minor political party of the Dominican Republic, without parliamentary representation after the 16 May 2006 election. The PRI was created by Jacobo Majluta as a way to further his political and electoral ambitions.
The party was founded in 1989 by Jacobo Majluta, who served briefly as President of the Dominican Republic in 1982 and Vice President from 1978 to 1982. His wife, former first lady Ana Elisa Villanueva, served as the party's vice president.
References
broadleft.org: Leftist Parties of the World, Dominican Republic. April 25, 2005.
Political parties in the Dominican Republic
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent%20Revolutionary%20Party
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Bison antiquus, the antique bison or ancient bison, is an extinct species of bison that lived in Late Pleistocene North America until around 10,000 years ago. It was one of the most common large herbivores on the North American continent during the late Pleistocene, and is a direct ancestor of the living American bison along with Bison occidentalis.
History
The first described remains of Bison antiquus were collected at Big Bone Lick, Kentucky in Pleistocene deposits in the 1850s and only consisted of a fragmentary posterior skull and a nearly complete horn core. The fossil (ANSP 12990) was briefly described by Joseph Leidy in 1852. Although the original fossils were fragmentary, a complete skull of an old male was discovered in southern California and were described as a new species, B. californicus, by Samuel Rhoads in 1897, but the species is considered synonymous with B. antiquus. Since the 19th century, several well preserved specimens of B. antiquus have been discovered in many parts of the United States, Canada, and southern Mexico.
Biology
During the later Pleistocene epoch, between 240,000 and 220,000 years ago, steppe wisent (B. priscus) migrated from Siberia into Alaska across the Bering Land Bridge. Bison priscus lived throughout North America from Alaska to southern Mexico throughout the remainder of the Pleistocene. In western North America, B. priscus evolved into long-horned bison, B. latifrons, which then evolved into B. antiquus. The larger B. latifrons appears to have disappeared by about 22,000 years ago likely because of evolutionary process to adapt into the new continent including increasing in population size. After the extinction of B. latifrons, B. antiquus became increasingly abundant in parts of midcontinent North America from 18,000 until about 10,000 years ago, after which the species appears to have given rise to the living species, B. bison. B. antiquus is the most commonly recovered large mammalian herbivore from the La Brea tar pits.
B. antiquus was taller, had larger bones and horns, and was 15 to 25% larger overall than modern bison. It reached up to tall, long, and a weight of . From tip to tip, the horns of B. antiquus measured about 3 ft (nearly 1 m).
One of the best educational sites to view in situ semifossilized skeletons of over 500 individuals of B. antiquus is the Hudson-Meng archeological site operated by the U.S. Forest Service, northwest of Crawford, Nebraska. A number of paleo-Indian spear and projectile points have been recovered in conjunction with the animal skeletons at the site, which is dated around 9,700 to 10,000 years ago. The reason for the "die-off" of so many animals in one compact location is still in conjecture; some professionals argue it was the result of a very successful paleo-Indian hunt, while others feel the herd died as a result of some dramatic natural event, to be later scavenged by humans. Individuals of B. antiquus of both sexes and a typical range of ages have been found at the site.
According to internationally renowned archaeologist George Carr Frison, B. occidentalis and B. antiquus both survived the Late Pleistocene period, between about 12,000 and 11,000 years ago, dominated by glaciation (the Wisconsin glaciation in North America), when many other megafauna became extinct. After the extinction of most of the North American megafauna, Native Americans of the Plains and Rocky Mountains depended largely on bison as their major food source. Frison noted, "[the] oldest, well-documented bison kills by pedestrian human hunters in North America date to about 11,000 years ago." B. antiquus fossils were found in Washington State in recent years, with apparent fracture patterns on bones consistent with stone tools as opposed to carnivorous activity.
References
Further reading
External links
Paleobiology Database - Bison antiquus(dead link)
Bison
Extinct animals of the United States
Pleistocene even-toed ungulates
Pleistocene species extinctions
Prehistoric bovids
Prehistoric mammals of North America
Mammals described in 1852
Fossil taxa described in 1852
Extinct animals of Canada
Taxa named by Joseph Leidy
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bison%20antiquus
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David Cubberley is a Canadian politician, active in municipal, regional and provincial issues since 1990. He is an advocate of cycling trail networks for commuters and recreation, protection of farmland, sustainable transportation, and advocacy for chronic Lyme disease.
Career
David Cubberley's political career began in 1990 as a Saanich councillor. He was elected to Saanich Council four times between 1990 and 2002 and chaired the Saanich finance committee for the last five years. While on council Cubberley chaired the Bicycle Advisory Committee and task forces on Lochside Drive, West Saanich Road Streetscape and Monster Houses. He was also the originator of Saanich's Centennial Trails project, created to mark Saanich's 100th birthday in 2006.
In 2002 Cubberley was elected to the Capital Regional District board, where he chaired the Environment Committee for two years. He also served as CRD Water Commissioner and on the Regional Planning Committee.
In 2005 Cubberley was elected as the MLA for the riding of Saanich South, representing the BC NDP, and defeated Susan Brice of the BC Liberals. He served as the Opposition Critic for Health and later as Critic for Education. As Deputy Chair of the Standing Committee on Health, he helped produce a report on prevention of childhood obesity and physical inactivity. Cubberley retired from provincial politics in 2009.
In 2011, David Cubberley ran for Mayor of Saanich against incumbent Frank Leonard. Local news dubbed Cubberley the strongest challenger for the mayor's chair Leonard faced in 15 years. The election was held Saturday, November 19, 2011, with Leonard garnering 53.48% of the vote and Cubberley 45.69%. Only one in four eligible Saanich voters cast their ballots, a slight increase from 2008 turnout of 20.6%.
External links
Official Website (archived copy)
David Cubberley at Blogger
Biography (38th Parliament of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia)
References
Living people
British Columbia New Democratic Party MLAs
British Columbia municipal councillors
1947 births
21st-century Canadian politicians
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Cubberley
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The National Renaissance Party () is a minor political party in the Dominican Republic. It first contested national elections in 1994, when it failed to win a seat. They again failed to win a seat in 1998, whilst their candidate received less than 1% of the vote in the 2000 presidential elections. For the 2002 elections it was part of the victorious Dominican Revolutionary Party-led alliance. It ran alone in the 2006 elections, but received only 0.1% of the national vote, failing to win a seat.
References
Political parties in the Dominican Republic
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Renaissance%20Party%20%28Dominican%20Republic%29
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The Dominican Humanist Party () is a minor humanist political party of the Dominican Republic, without parliamentary representation after the 16 May 2006 election. In 2020, it received 0.84% of the vote in all elections that year. Its presidential candidate was Luis Abinader The president of the Party, elected in 2021, is Ramón Emilio Goris.
References
Political parties in the Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican%20Humanist%20Party
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Emma Bryony Griffiths Malin (born 7 April 1980) is an English actress and film director.
She was born in London, the daughter of David Malin and Susan Griffiths, and was brought up by her parents in west London. Her paternal grandparents are the actors Mark Eden (real name Douglas John Malin) and Joan Le Mesurier. Her first major screen role was in Adrian Lyne's remake of Lolita (1997), in which she played Annabel.
She starred in the Agatha Christie's Marple television film They Do It with Mirrors (2010) as Gina Elsworth and the Agatha Christie's Poirot television film Death on the Nile (2004) as Jacqueline de Bellefort, and appeared in the film House of Boys (2009), which also features Layke Anderson, Stephen Fry and Udo Kier.
Selected film and television roles
Film credits include:
Mary Reilly (1996)
Yapian Zhanzheng (1997) as Mary Denton
Lolita (1997) as Annabel Lee
Gangster No. 1 (2000) as Julie
The Hole (2001) as Daisy
Hills Like White Elephants (2002) as the Girl
Animal (2005) as Justine
Spiderhole (film) (2010) as Molly
Television credits include:
The Cazalets (2001) as Louise Cazalet
The Forsyte Saga: To Let (2003) as Fleur
Agatha Christie's Poirot – Death on the Nile (2004) as Jacqueline de Bellefort
Agatha Christie's Marple – They Do It with Mirrors (2010) as Gina Elsworth
Wallander – The Man Who Smiled (2010) as Elin Nordfeldt
References
External links
1980 births
Living people
English film actresses
English television actresses
Actresses from London
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emma%20Griffiths%20Malin
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Sudzha () is a town and the administrative center of Sudzhansky District in Kursk Oblast, Russia, located on the Sudzha and Olyoshnya Rivers southwest of Kursk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:
History
It was founded in 1664 as a part of the system of fortifications defending the southern approaches to Moscow. During World War II, Sudzha was occupied by German troops from October 18, 1941 to March 3, 1943.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Sudzha serves as the administrative center of Sudzhansky District. As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Sudzhansky District as the town of district significance of Sudzha. As a municipal division, the town of district significance of Sudzha is incorporated within Sudzhansky Municipal District as Sudzha Urban Settlement.
References
Notes
Sources
Cities and towns in Kursk Oblast
Sudzhansky Uyezd
1664 establishments in Russia
Populated places in Sudzhansky District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudzha%2C%20Kursk%20Oblast
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Wald-Michelbach is a municipality in the Bergstraße district in Hesse, Germany.
Geography
Location
The community lies in the Odenwald, 12 km east of Weinheim. The now disused Überwaldbahn (railway) runs through Wald-Michelbach.
Geology
→ Odenwald#Geology
Hardberg
In the area of Wald-Michelbach's outlying centre of Siedelsbrunn is found the Hardberg, at 593 m above sea level the Odenwald's third highest mountain. On the Hardberg's peak is a 135 m-tall Hessischer Rundfunk radio and television transmission mast. From each side of the Hardberg there is a unique view over the Odenwald and the Rhine valley.
Neighbouring communities
Wald-Michelbach borders in the north on the community of Grasellenbach, in the east on the community of Mossautal, the town of Beerfelden and the community of Rothenberg (all three in the Odenwaldkreis), in the south on the town of Eberbach (outlying centre of Brombach) and the communities of Heddesbach and Heiligkreuzsteinach (all three in the Rhein-Neckar-Kreis in Baden-Württemberg) and in the west on the communities of Abtsteinach, Mörlenbach and Rimbach.
Constituent communities
Wald-Michelbach's Ortsteile are Siedelsbrunn, Gadern, Affolterbach, Kreidach, Aschbach, Ober-Schönmattenwag, Unter-Schönmattenwag, Hartenrod, Kocherbach, Ober-Mengelbach, Stallenkandel and Wald-Michelbach
Development of municipal area
Amalgamations
On 1 December 1970, Hartenrod was amalgamated with Wald-Michelbach. Gadern and Kreidach followed on 1 January 1971 and Aschbach on 1 October of the same year. On 1 January 1972, Siedelsbrunn, Ober-Schönmattenwag and Unter-Schönmattenwag became parts of Wald-Michelbach, with Affolterbach and Kocherbach joining them on 1 August 1972.
Politics
Community council
The municipal election held on 26 March 2006 yielded the following results:
Mayor
Since July 2017, the community's mayor has been Sascha Weber.
Town partnerships
Montmirail, Marne, France
Hassocks, West Sussex, England, United Kingdom
Economy
The community's and surrounding area's biggest employer is the firm Coronet (household appliances).
Education
Wald-Michelbach has at its disposal two primary schools, one special school, one Hauptschule-Realschule and one Gymnasium. Since 2007 there has also been an open private school based on Maria Montessori’s methodology.
Main community
Adam-Karrillon-Schule (primary school)
Mary-Anne-Kübel-Schule (school for pupils with learning difficulties)
Eugen-Bachmann-Schule (Haupt- und Realschule)
Überwald-Gymnasium
Drachenschule Odenwald - open school (1st to 6th class)
Outlying centres
Grundschule Unter-Schönmattenwag (primary school)
Leisure and sport facilities
Wald-Michelbach has an outdoor swimming pool that was renovated in 2003. Furthermore, the community has at its disposal an artificial-turf football pitch, which in 2000 replaced the former cinder pitch. It is used by SG Wald-Michelbach and SV Eintracht Wald-Michelbach. There is also a sport hall used by both men and women team handball players from SG Wald-Michelbach and TV 02 Siedelsbrunn as well as the ÜSC Wald-Michelbach women volleyball players.
Culture and sightseeing
Libraries
Library at the Überwald-Gymnasium
In autumn 2007, the Überwald-Gymnasium opened its new library MIZ (Medien- und Infozentrum – “Media and Infocentre”). This may be used not only by students, but as of April 2008 also by all citizens of the surrounding municipalities.
Museums
Heimatmuseum
The Heimatmuseum (local history museum) has been housed since 1988 at the old town hall (Altes Rathaus) right in the heart of the community. The building was built in 1594. On display here are not only items from Wald-Michelbach's historical development but sometimes also special exhibits.
Stoewermuseum
The Stoewermuseum was opened in 2002 and is housed in the building that formerly housed the old savings bank, near the heart of the community. On show here is a collection of products from the Stoewer works in Stettin (now Szczecin, Poland). The museum's centrepiece is the array of cars on display on the ground floor. Most have been restored and are in operating condition. Furthermore, more of the Stoewer company's products, such as sewing machines, typewriters and bicycles, can also be seen. The museum is run privately by a collector who was born in Stettin. In 2005, in honour of the owner and his dedication, a street in the main community was christened Stoewerstraße. It is planned to move the Stoewermuseum back to its origins in Stettin (Szczecin), Poland.
Buildings
The Überwälder Einhaus was completed in 2005 by the Überwälder Museums- und Kulturverein (“Überwald Museum and Culture Club”) and unpaid help. The name Einhaus (“Onehouse”) refers to how such buildings were formerly used: a single building contained a dwelling, a storage cellar, a stable and a barn. Today, though, this one houses a civil wedding venue and a sizeable multipurpose room used by the community's clubs for social occasions. In 2006, the Bücherbrunnen (“Book Fountain”) was also built before the Einhaus. On that spot, until the 19th century, when it was torn down, once stood a town tower in which, in Adam Karrillon’s novel Michael Hely was the hero’s home. The books displayed at the fountain are meant to remind one of the spot’s literary importance.
Regular events
Fumaba
Gassenmarkt (“Lane Market”)
Heimatfest (“Homeland Festival”, first weekend in July)
Kerwe (church consecration festival, next to last Sunday in August)
Kommunales Kino (“Municipal Cinema”, second Saturday each month)
Weihnachtsmarkt (“Christmas Market”)
Healthcare
On the Hardberg's slope in outlying centre of Siedelsbrunn lies the Buddhist monastery "Buddhas Weg" ("Way of Buddha"). It offers a variety of traditional Chinese and Vietnamese therapies as well as spiritual seminars.
The "Systelios" clinic for people suffering from the Burnout syndrome is also located in Siedelsbrunn.
Famous people
Sons and daughters of the town
Adam Karrillon (1853–1938), writer and physician (honorary citizen 1921)
Lothar Mark (1945– ), SPD politician
Heinrich Schlerf (1890–1970), founder of the Coronet works
Dr. Rudolf Wünzer (1862–1929), honorary citizen: 16 September 1913
Karl Kübel (1909–2006), founder of the Karl Kübel-Stiftung.
Eugen Bachmann (1913–1975), Member of the Landtag (CDU) and former mayor of Wald-Michelbach (1948–1975)
Others
Jürgen Gerlach, National Chairman of The Animal Welfare Party
References
Further reading
Peter W. Sattler: Festschrift zur 750-Jahrfeier der Gemeinde Wald-Michelbach am 28. Mai 1988. Gemeindevorstand Wald-Michelbach, Wald-Michelbach 1988.
External links
Community’s official webpage
Bergstraße (district)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wald-Michelbach
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Daniel Lapaine (born 15 June 1971) is an Australian stage, film and television actor, currently residing in London. He also works as a writer and director.
Career
Born in Sydney, New South Wales, to an Italian father and an Australian mother, Lapaine graduated from the National Institute of Dramatic Art (NIDA) in 1992. He first came to prominence in 1994 when he played the South African swimmer David Van Arkle in P. J. Hogan's Muriel's Wedding. Since then he has worked internationally in film, theatre, and television and is now based in London.
In theatre, he most recently he played Bassanio in The Merchant of Venice at Shakespeare's Globe, opposite Jonathan Pryce. Other theatre credits include the parts of Trip in Other Desert Cities and Eilert Lovborg in Ibsen's Hedda Gabler at the Old Vic, opposite Sheridan Smith. He played Leontes in The Winter's Tale at the Sheffield Crucible; Kurt in The Dance of Death at the Donmar at the Trafalgar Studios and George in All My Sons in the West End, opposite David Suchet. At the Royal Court, he appeared in Scenes from the Back of Beyond and F***ing Games, directed by Dominic Cooke. In Australia, Lapaine appeared at The Sydney Theatre Company in King Lear and Les Parents Terribles, "Island" at Belvoir Street and for the Bell Shakespeare Company he played Romeo in Romeo and Juliet as well as appearing in Hamlet and Richard III.
Lapaine has made two appearances in the UK TV Show Black Mirror, six years apart. First in 2011, as the morally dubious Max in "The Entire History of You", and later as the masochistic Dr. Dawson in 2017's "Black Museum".
Lapaine's recent film work includes Kathryn Bigelow's Oscar-winning Zero Dark Thirty, Last Chance Harvey opposite Dustin Hoffman and Emma Thompson, and Shanghai, opposite John Cusack. He played the lead role in Pathe's The Abduction Club and Miramax's Elephant Juice, as well as memorable appearances in Brokedown Palace opposite Claire Danes and Kate Beckinsale. He has also appeared in many other films including 54, Dangerous Beauty, Polish Wedding and Gozo.
Lapaine has worked extensively in television. He appeared in all four series of Catastrophe for Channel 4 and Amazon Prime, in which he plays the part of Dave. Entertainment Weekly named Catastrophe "the best new comedy of the year". He recently portrayed King Charles II in the Canal + series Versailles. Daniel also starred in the 2000 television miniseries The 10th Kingdom as Prince Wendell White, ruler of the 4th Kingdom, and played Tim Allerton in the 2004 Agatha Christie's Poirot episode Death on the Nile opposite David Suchet. In 2009, he portrayed Neil Armstrong in the television film Moon Shot. He also played Hector in Helen of Troy opposite Rufus Sewell. Other television credits include Critical; Vexed; Lewis; Vera; Identity; Hotel Babylon; Sex, the City and Me; Jane Hall; The Good Housekeeping Guide; The Golden Hour; Jericho; and I Saw You. In 2023, he starred as Prince Frederick, the fictional heir to the British throne, in the BBC One series Queen of Oz, also starring Catherine Tate as his sister Princess Georgiana. In Australia, he appeared in A Country Practice and G.P., opposite Cate Blanchett.
Lapaine also wrote and directed the Australian feature film 48 Shades. Based on the 1999 novel 48 Shades of Brown by Nick Earls, the film was released in Australia by Buena Vista in 2006.
Personal life
In 1998, Lapaine met English actress Fay Ripley at a party hosted by mutual friends. After meeting again on a trip in New York, they began dating. They married in October 2001 in a ceremony in Tuscany, Italy. In October 2002, the couple had their first child, a daughter named Parker. Their second child, a son, named Sonny, was born in October 2006.
Filmography
Film
Television
Video games
References
External links
1971 births
Living people
Male actors from Sydney
National Institute of Dramatic Art alumni
Australian male film actors
Australian male television actors
People educated at St Aloysius' College (Sydney)
Australian expatriate male actors in the United Kingdom
Australian people of Italian descent
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20Lapaine
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The Sultan Azlan Shah Cup is an annual invitational international men's field hockey tournament held in Malaysia. It began in 1983 as a biennial contest. The tournament became an annual event after 1998, following its growth and popularity. The tournament is named after the ninth Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King) of Malaysia, Sultan Azlan Shah, a supporter of field hockey.
Since 2007 the tournament has been held at the Azlan Shah Stadium in Ipoh, Perak. Kuala Lumpur and Penang have also hosted the tournament.
Results
Tournament Summary
Below is a list of teams that have finished in the top four positions in the tournament:
* = Played as England in those tournaments
^ = Title was shared between two teams
Team appearances
Performance by continental zones
See also
Sultan of Johor Cup
Malaysian Hockey Confederation
Notes
References
External links
International field hockey competitions in Asia
International field hockey competitions hosted by Malaysia
Recurring sporting events established in 1983
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan%20Azlan%20Shah%20Cup
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The Index Translationum is UNESCO's database of book translations. Books have been translated for thousands of years, with no central record of the fact. The League of Nations established a record of translations in 1932. In 1946, the United Nations superseded the League and UNESCO was assigned the Index. In 1979, the records were computerised.
Since the Index counts translations of individual books, authors with many books with few translations can rank higher than authors with a few books with more translations. So, for example, while the Bible is the single most translated book in the world, it does not rank in the top ten of the index. The Index counts the Walt Disney Company, employing many writers, as a single writer. Authors with similar names are sometimes included as one entry, for example, the ranking for "Hergé" applies not only to the author of The Adventures of Tintin (Hergé), but also to B.R. Hergehahn, Elisabeth Herget, and Douglas Hergert. Hence, the top authors, as the Index presents them, are from a database query whose results require interpretation.
According to the Index, Agatha Christie remains the most-translated individual author.
Statistics
Source: UNESCO
Top 10 Author
Top 10 Country
Top 10 Target Language
Top 10 Original language
See also
UNESCO Collection of Representative Works, UNESCO's program for funding the translation of works
List of literary works by number of translations
References
External links
Index Translationum
Index Translationum: Statistics - Search forms
Online databases
Indexes
Translation databases
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index%20Translationum
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Rule Britannia is a series of online documentary episodes produced by VICE Films. In 2011 the episode "Swansea Love Story" was a Webby Award Official Honoree.
Production
VICE debuted the television documentary series Rule Britannia on VBS.tv in 2010. Most are between 15 minutes and half an hour.
Content
Swansea was featured in the episode "Swansea Love Story", which covers a heroin epidemic in the UK. It was directed by Andy Capper, and was a Webby Award Official Honoree.
Episodes
See also
The Vice Guide to Travel (2007)
Vice (TV series) (2013)
"Rule, Britannia!", song
References
External links
Rule Britannia
Viceland original programming
British documentary television series
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule%20Britannia%20%28TV%20series%29
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The 1981–82 UEFA Cup was won by IFK Göteborg on aggregate over Hamburger SV.
Association team allocation
A total of 64 teams from 32 UEFA member associations participate in the 1981–82 UEFA Cup. The association ranking based on the UEFA country coefficients is used to determine the number of participating teams for each association:
Associations 1—3 each have four teams qualify.
Associations 4—8 each have three teams qualify.
Associations 9–22 (except Wales) each have two teams qualify.
Associations 23–33 each have one team qualify.
Association ranking
For the 1981–82 UEFA Cup, the associations are allocated places according to their 1980 UEFA country coefficients, which takes into account their performance in European competitions from 1975–76 to 1979–80.
England 4 clubs (+1)Netherlands 3 clubs (–1)France 3 clubs (+1)Yugoslavia 2 clubs (–1)
Teams
The labels in the parentheses show how each team qualified for competition:
TH: Title holders
CW: Cup winners
CR: Cup runners-up
LC: League Cup winners
2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, etc.: League position
P-W: End-of-season European competition play-offs winners
First round
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First leg
Second leg
Valencia won 2–0 on aggregate.
Neuchâtel Xamax won 6–3 on aggregate.
2–2 on aggregate; Real Madrid won on away goals.
Aris won 8–2 on aggregate.
Dinamo București won 4–2 on aggregate.
Carl Zeiss Jena won 4–1 on aggregate.
Spartak Moscow won 6–2 on aggregate.
Dynamo Dresden won 6–2 on aggregate.
FC Winterslag won 3–2 on aggregate.
Rapid Wien won 4–2 on aggregate.
IFK Göteborg won 7–2 on aggregate.
Boavista won 5–4 on aggregate.
Southampton won 4–1 on aggregate.
Hajduk Split won 5–3 on aggregate.
Malmö FF won 5–1 on aggregate.
Internazionale won 7–2 on aggregate.
Arsenal won 3–0 on aggregate.
PSV Eindhoven won 8–2 on aggregate.
2–2 on aggregate, Sturm Graz won on away goals
Beveren won 8–0 on aggregate.
Argeș Pitești won 5–1 on aggregate.
Feyenoord won 3–1 on aggregate.
Grasshoppers won 4–1 on aggregate.
Hamburger SV won 6–4 on aggregate.
1. FC Kaiserslautern won 3–1 on aggregate.
3–3 on aggregate; Borussia Mönchengladbach won on away goals.
Lokeren won 5–3 on aggregate.
Aberdeen won 4–2 on aggregate.
Dundee United won 6–4 on aggregate.
2–2 on aggregate; Radnički Niš won on away goals.
Sporting CP won 11–0 on aggregate.
Second round
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First leg
Second leg
Aberdeen won 5–2 on aggregate.
Lokeren won 5–1 on aggregate.
Dundee United won 5–2 on aggregate.
Hamburger SV won 3–2 on aggregate.
1. FC Kaiserslautern won 5–2 on aggregate.
Feyenoord won 3–2 on aggregate.
2–2 on aggregate; Radnički Niš won on penalties.
Dinamo București won 4–3 on aggregate.
2–2 on aggregate; Winterslag won on away goals.
4–4 on aggregate; Hajduk Split won on away goals.
Neuchâtel Xamax won 2–0 on aggregate.
Real Madrid won 3–2 on aggregate.
2–2 on aggregate; Rapid Wien won on away goals.
IFK Göteborg won 5–4 on aggregate.
Sporting CP won 4–2 on aggregate.
Valencia won 2–1 on aggregate.
Third round
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First leg
Second leg
Hamburger SV won 5–4 on aggregate.
IFK Göteborg won 4–1 on aggregate.
Dundee United won 5–0 on aggregate.
1. FC Kaiserslautern won 4–2 on aggregate.
Radnički Niš won 2–1 on aggregate.
Real Madrid won 1–0 on aggregate.
Neuchâtel Xamax won 1–0 on aggregate.
Valencia won 6–5 on aggregate.
Quarter-finals
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First leg
Second leg
Radnički Niš won 3–2 on aggregate.
Hamburger SV won 3–2 on aggregate.
1. FC Kaiserslautern won 6–3 on aggregate.
IFK Göteborg won 4–2 on aggregate.
Semi-finals
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First leg
Second leg
IFK Göteborg won 3–2 on aggregate.
Hamburger SV won 6–3 on aggregate.
Final
First leg
Second leg
IFK Göteborg won 4–0 on aggregate.
Top goalscorers
References
External links
1981–82 All matches UEFA Cup – season at UEFA website
Official Site
Results at RSSSF.com
All scorers 1981–82 UEFA Cup according to protocols UEFA
1981/82 UEFA Cup - results and line-ups (archive)
UEFA Cup seasons
2
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1981%E2%80%9382%20UEFA%20Cup
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The Banned is a fictional band in the BBC soap opera EastEnders. The storyline first aired in 1986 and although it was considered to be a failure on-screen, it nevertheless became a successful part of the serial's extensive merchandising industry that year, as it spawned two hit singles on the UK Singles Chart ("Every Loser Wins" and "Something Outa Nothing").
Storyline development and impact
In 1986, the creators of EastEnders, scriptwriter Tony Holland and producer Julia Smith, decided to tackle "an important and complicated story about the ups and downs of a pop group." The idea was considered to be an "interesting and major undertaking" in the serial. It featured the majority of teenage characters in the soap at the time. Prominent characters such as Sharon Watts (Letitia Dean), Ian Beale (Adam Woodyatt), Simon Wicks (Nick Berry) and Kelvin Carpenter (Paul J. Medford), were joined by several new characters, introduced especially for the storyline, including "lefty-student stereotype" Harry Reynolds (Gareth Potter). Actors such as Paul Medford, Letitia Dean and Nick Berry were musically trained, having attended London stage schools. They were chosen as the group's singers, and renamed themselves "The Banned" after their first gig got them kicked out of The Queen Victoria public house.
The storyline proved to be a successful merchandising tool for the serial, as it spawned two hit singles in the "real world". Actor Nick Berry released a ballad entitled "Every Loser Wins" in October 1986, having previously sung the song in character on-screen (accompanied by a piano). The song was written and produced by Stewart and Bradley James, along with Simon May who famously composed the EastEnders theme tune. "Every Loser Wins" was a smash hit, reaching number one on the UK Singles Chart, where it stayed for three weeks, knocking Madonna's "True Blue" off the top spot. It was the second biggest-selling single in the UK that year after "Don't Leave Me This Way" by the Communards, and held the record as the highest climbing chart single ever until 2001, when it was eclipsed by "It's the Way You Make Me Feel" by Steps (which climbed from 72–2). "Every Loser Wins" sold over a million copies and earned composer Simon May an Ivor Novello award. The song "also provided levity" on-screen, when it was used as Lofty Holloway's (Tom Watt) break-up song after Michelle Fowler (Susan Tully) had jilted him at the altar. One critic has commented "[Lofty] played it to death. He played it so much it caused Dirty Den (Leslie Grantham) to ask whether he had any other records". The second song "Something Outa Nothing" (also performed in the on-screen serial) was released by Letitia Dean and Paul Medford. The song was a modest success, making number 12 on the UK Singles Chart in November 1986.
Although the plot produced two hit singles in the real world, the actual storyline was not a great success with viewers. EastEnders creators Julia Smith and Tony Holland both felt it lacked credibility and branded it an experiment that failed. The plot has since been described as "a horrific scenario where fact and soap merged in messy fashion to give the fictional band a real-life hit with the appalling 'Something Out of Nothing'." The songs, which "were recorded when the show was riding high on huge ratings success", have not aged well in critical opinion. A critic for The Guardian newspaper has commented that "The Banned" was EastEnders "Eighties bid to add a pop angle to their socially conscious template", which "went down like the proverbial ton of bricks". The critic goes on to say: "Worse was the record; an acne-scarred 'song' of no merit whatsoever, called 'Something Out of Nothing'. You said it, kid." In 2004, "Something Outa Nothing" was voted the 9th worst single ever released by a soap star. Though extremely popular at the time, "Every Loser Wins" has since been branded "a tuneless ode".
Plot
The band started life off-screen, where Simon Wicks (Nick Berry) and Eddie Hunter (Simon Henderson) were bandmates. Before Simon came to Walford, he had borrowed money from loan sharks for their band's musical equipment and was left owing them huge amounts of money that he couldn't pay back. Eddie was happy to leave Simon with the debt and disappeared to work at Suttons Holiday Camp in Clacton so the band dissolved. With the debts finally repaid, and needing an ally to support him in the new band, Simon contacts Eddie and asks him to join.
The reformed group consist of Simon, Eddie, Kelvin Carpenter (Paul J. Medford), Sharon Watts (Letitia Dean), Ian Beale (Adam Woodyatt) and band manager Harry Reynolds. They initially call themselves Dog Market, after dismissing Sharon's "So So Reverso" and Simon's "Bottled Up", "Left of Arthur" (a reference to Arthur Scargill), "Conjugal Rights" and Lofty's (Tom Watt) "The Harry Reynolds Quartet". Eddie is the lead guitarist. Kelvin's girlfriend, Tessa Parker (Josephine Melville), also wants to join, but she has no musical talent and is refused membership.
They are due to have their debut in The Queen Victoria public house in August 1986, but after their enormous amplifier fuses the electricity in the pub during a performance of "Venus", publican Den Watts (Leslie Grantham) throws them out, shouting after them "You're banned!", after which the group change their name to The Banned.
Simon and Harry constantly disagree with the direction the band is taking. Harry loses his argument to make the band a vehicle for communist propaganda and blames Wicksy for the band taking a more practical attitude. They all decide to enter a competition for young musicians, and both Harry and Simon vow to outdo each other by writing the best song to perform. The rest of the band all prefer Simon's song, "Something Outa Nothing", which infuriates Harry and he starts bad-mouthing him to the rest of the band, saying he is superfluous and a closet BBC Radio 2 listener. Simon then declares that the band has to choose between him and Harry, but as Harry owns all the instruments and equipment, they side with him and Simon quits. Simon writes his own solo song called "Every Loser Wins". He doesn't get very far however, and by the end of the year he gives up his dream of becoming a musician.
Simon allows the band to continue using his song, "Something Outa Nothing", for the competition. The day of the competition comes and for some reason Harry, who is a political activist, decides to sabotage their performance by switching the cartridge in the synthesizer, wrecking any hopes the group have of getting anywhere. They are humiliated, and the rest of the band are furious when Harry confesses that he sabotaged their performance to show them up.
Specially introduced characters
As well as the regular characters featured in the storyline (Sharon, Simon, Ian and Kelvin), a number of new characters were introduced specifically for the duration of the storyline.
Harry ReynoldsHarry Reynolds, played by Gareth Potter, is a college friend of Kelvin Carpenter (Paul J. Medford) who first appears along with Tessa Parker (Josephine Melville) in June 1986. Both Harry and Tessa have radical Marxist beliefs and it isn't long before they manage to recruit Kelvin to the same way of thinking.
Soon after his arrival, Harry, Kelvin and several other Walford youths decide to form a band. Harry is the manager, Ian Beale (Adam Woodyatt) plays drums, Sharon Watts (Letitia Dean) and Kelvin provide vocals, Simon Wicks (Nick Berry) plays the keyboards and Eddie Hunter (Simon Henderson) is the lead guitarist. Harry and Kelvin decide that the band's music should demonstrate "decay in the capitalistic society" and have a strong political message.
Simon and Harry begin to disagree with the direction the band is taking. Harry loses his argument to make the band a vehicle for communist propaganda, and blames Wicksy for the band taking a more practical attitude. They all decide to enter a competition for young musicians, and both Harry and Simon vow to outdo each other by writing the best song to perform. The rest of the band all prefer Simon's song, which infuriates Harry and he starts bad-mouthing him to the rest of the band, saying he is superfluous and a closet BBC Radio 2 listener. Simon then declares that the band has to choose between him and Harry, but as Harry owns all the instruments and equipment, they side with him and Simon quits. On the day of the competition, Harry decides to sabotage the band's performance by switching the cartridge in the synthesizer, wrecking any hopes the group have of getting anywhere. The rest of the band are furious, particularly when Harry confesses that he did it to show them up. Harry is shunned after this and is not seen in Walford again. His last appearance is in October 1986.
Tessa ParkerTessa Parker, played by Josephine Melville, is a college friend of Kelvin Carpenter (Paul J. Medford) and Harry Reynolds (Gareth Potter) who first appears in June 1986. Both Harry and Tessa have radical Marxist beliefs and it isn't long before they manage to recruit Kelvin to the same way of thinking. Tessa soon discovers that she and Kelvin have more in common than their beliefs. She finds him attractive and they start dating.
Their romance quickly fades when Kelvin becomes more interested in pop music than overthrowing the Thatcher government. He sings with a group known as Dog Market and its successor, The Banned. Tessa secretly wants to be in the group but she has no musical talent and is refused membership. She quietly leaves Albert Square when Kelvin tells her it is time for them to "pack it in". Her last appearance is in July 1986.
Eddie HunterEddie Hunter', played by Simon Henderson, is a flamboyantly dressed friend of Simon Wicks (Nick Berry) and he is first seen in Albert Square in June 1986. Eddie and Simon were part of a band, and before Simon came to Walford, he had borrowed money from loan sharks and was left owing them huge amounts of money that he couldn't pay back. Eddie was happy to leave Simon with the debt and disappeared to work as a redcoat in Clacton, so the band dissolved. However, when the debts are finally repaid, Simon decides to regroup and he contacts Eddie to rejoin the band. The reformed group, known as "The Banned", consist of Simon, Eddie, Kelvin Carpenter (Paul J. Medford), Sharon Watts (Letitia Dean), Ian Beale (Adam Woodyatt) and Harry Reynolds (Gareth Potter). Eddie is the lead guitarist.
The Banned take part in a competition for a music contract, but Harry, who is a political activist, sabotages their performance and they end up being booed off stage. The Banned split up after this and Eddie disappears. Months later, Eddie attends Kelvin's eighteenth birthday party and tells Simon and Ian that Harry is managing a band in Twickenham.
References
EastEnders storylines
Fictional musical groups
1986 in British television
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Banned%20%28EastEnders%29
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Oberschleißheim () is a municipality in the district of Munich, and a suburb to Munich in Bavaria, Germany. It is located 13 km north of Munich (centre). As of 2005 it had a population of 11,467.
Oberschleißheim is best known for the Schleissheim Palace and the Flugwerft Schleissheim, an airfield next to the palace, which includes an aerospace museum.
Geography
The area is about 17 Kilometers north of Munich city and about 23 Kilometers south of Freising.
The area lies between the River Isar and the River Amper. It was originally part of an ancient wetland known as the Dachauer Moos, filled with moors and marshlands, (some parts are still preserved as wetlands).
History
Originally, the area was called "Sleizheim" or "Sliusheim" for centuries. Not until the 19th Century was it divided into an (upper) Oberschleissheim and a (lower) Unterschleissheim for population and political reasons. The small hamlet of Mittenheim lay between the two communities.
There is evidence that the area was inhabited as far back as the Bronze Age and the Roman Age.
The first surviving document in which Schleißheim is mentioned comes from the year 785 AD in which Rihpalt von Slivesheim donated his estate to the diocese of Freising. The hamlet “Schleyßaim” was already a village with several farms as early as the 12th century.
The small church of St. Martin in Mallertshofen is a Romanesque church that was built in the Schleissheim area in the first half of the 13th century.
The community suffered heavy losses during the Thirty Years' War (1618-48).
In 1702 a Franciscan monestery was established in the hamlet of Mittenheim. In the late 19th and early 20th century Mittenheim was the home of German artist Otto Hupp.
Palace Complex
In the late 1590s, the Duke of Bavaria, William V. built a Renaissance country house (known today as the 'Old Palace') in Schleissheim.
The building was extended during the reign of Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria during the early 1620s.
After the 30-Years-War, the new Elector of Bavaria, Maximilian II Emanuel, wanted to build a palace that would rival the Palace of Versailles near Paris. To do this he first had to build a canal network from the Isar River to the building site, (to transport bricks, lumber and other building material on flat boats). He first built his smaller Lustheim Palace in 1688, and lived there while construction continued on his much larger and grandios New Palace nearby. Work was stopped during the War of Spanish Succession (1701-1715). The New Palace and its gardens were finally completed in 1726, (but Max Emanuel would die that same year). Afterwards, the Palaces were used as a summer residence for the Bavarian House of Wittelsbach.
After the division of the two Schleissheim communities
As part of the administrative reforms in Bavaria in 1818, Unterschleissheim became an independent political community, (thus separated from the community of Oberschleissheim with its Palace Complex).
From 1856 to 1858 the first railway line from Munich to Landshut passed through Obererschleissheim. The old station was closed in 1972 and moved to the modern S-Bahn Station about one Kilometer away.
A church report from 1869 tells that Oberschleißheim had 60 houses, most of which were built on the palace canal leading to Dachau.
In 1912 an airfield was constructed for the Royal Bavarain Flying Corps, next to the Palace Complex. The airfield was the first in Bavaria.
In the early 20th century, Schleißheim was home to author Waldemar Bonsels, who wrote his childrens' book "Biene Maja" in 1912.
During the Second World War, the airfield and Palace Complex were damaged by Allied bombing.
After the war, the population grew dramatically. Many apartment buildings and businesses have been developed since then.
In 1972, a regatta course was built in Oberschleissheim for the 1972 Munich Olympics.
Regatta Course Oberschleißheim
In 1972 an artificial canoe sprint and rowing venue was created in Oberschleißheim for the Munich Olympic Summer Games. The course is long and wide, and is in regular use. The course is accessible through Munich's public transport and roading network. The stand has capacity for 9,500 spectators.
The venue host many events throughout the year including bungee jumping.
Flugwerft Schleissheim
The airfield and its historic buildings were constructed in 1912 for the Königlich-Bayerische Fliegertruppen (Royal Bavarian Flying Corps). After World War II the Americans used the airfield untill the 1970s, then it was given over to the German Air Forces. In the 1980s the airfield has been home to a German Federal Police helicopter squadron. In the early 1990s the historic maintenance hangar was restored and enlarged to accommodate the Deutsches Museum's growing aviation collections. The Museum was opened in 1992.
The Museum has many aerospace exhibits. These include various airplanes, helicopters, motors and turbines.
Additional Facilities
Oberschleissheim also is the home to several government facilities. The Bavarian Authority of Health and Food Safety, the Institute for Moor Management, the Federal Office for Radiation Protection and the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine for the University of Munich are housed here. The city also houses the Augustinium Special Education Center for disabled people.
The Helmholtz Research Center is located at the southern-most end of Oberschleissheim, at the city limits of Munich.
See also
Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz
Nordallianz
Regattastrecke Oberschleißheim
References
External links
Schleißheim in alten Ansichten
Munich (district)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oberschlei%C3%9Fheim
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Metro Stokłosy is a station on Line M1 of the Warsaw Metro, located in the Stokłosy neighbourhood of the Ursynów district in south Warsaw at the junction of Aleja KEN, Herbsta Street and Jarzębowskiego Street. It is situated between Imielin and Ursynów stations.
The station was opened on 7 April 1995 as part of the inaugural stretch of the Warsaw Metro, between Kabaty and Politechnika.
References
External links
Railway stations in Poland opened in 1995
Ursynów
Line 1 (Warsaw Metro) stations
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stok%C5%82osy%20metro%20station
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Across the Borders, a live album by Battlefield Band, was released in 1997 on the Temple Records label. The total running time is 66:10.
Track listing
"Miss Sarah Macmanus/Appropriate Dipstick/Cape Breton Fiddlers' Welcome" – 4:06
"Tramps and Hawkers" – 6:09
"Snow on the Hills/Xesus & Felisa" – 4:30
"The Concert Reel/The Green Mountain", with Eric Rigler – 2:24
"The Arran Convict", with Seamus Tansey – 4:40
"My Home Town/Kalabakan", with Eric Rigler – 3:40
"Tuireadh Iain Ruaidh", with Alison Kinnaird – 4:54
"The Trimdon Grange Explosion" – 4:09
"Simon Thoumire's Jig/Shake a Leg/Ríl Gan Ainm" – 4:05
"Miss Kate Rusby", with Eric Rigler – 4:26
"The Green and the Blue", with Eric Rigler and Kate Rusby – 5:25
"The Donnie MacGregor/Clumsy Lover" – 3:05
"Woe Be Gone/Bubba's Reel/Frank's Reel", with Alison Kinnaird – 6:41
"Six Days on the Road", with The Radio Sweethearts – 4:15
"In and Out the Harbour/The Top Tier/Sleepy Maggie/Molly Rankin" – 3:41
Personnel
Battlefield Band
Alan Reid
Iain MacDonald
Alistair Russel
John McCusker
Guests
Alison Kinnaird
Kate Rusby
Seamus Tansey
Eric Rigler
The Radio Sweethearts
Sources and links
Battlefield Band albums
1997 albums
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Across%20the%20Borders
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National Arts & Humanities Month was established in 1993 and is celebrated every October in the United States. It was initiated to encourage Americans to explore new facets of the arts and humanities in their lives, and to begin a lifelong habit of participation in the arts and humanities. It has become the nation's largest collective annual celebration of the arts and humanities.
National Arts and Humanities Month's four goals are:
FOCUSING: To create a national, state and local focus on the arts and humanities through the media,
ENCOURAGING: To encourage the participation of individuals, as well as arts, humanities and other organizations nationwide,
ALLOWING: To provide an opportunity for federal, state and local business, government and civic leaders to declare their support for the arts and humanities,
RAISING: To establish a highly visible vehicle for raising public awareness about the arts and humanities.
See also
Americans for the Arts
National Arts Awards
References
External links
Celebrate National Arts & Humanities Month
Arts festivals in the United States
October observances
Observances in the United States
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Arts%20%26%20Humanities%20Month
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James Butler, 9th Earl of Ormond and 2nd Earl of Ossory ( – 1546), known as the Lame (Irish: Bacach), was in 1541 confirmed as Earl of Ormond thereby ending the dispute over the Ormond earldom between his father, Piers Butler, 8th Earl of Ormond, and Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire. He died from poison in London.
Birth and origins
James was born about 1496 in Ireland. He was the eldest son of Piers Butler, 8th Earl of Ormond and his wife Margaret FitzGerald.
At the time of his birth, his father was a contender in line for the succession of Thomas Butler, 7th Earl of Ormond, being a descendant of James Butler, 3rd Earl of Ormond. His father's family, the Butlers, were an Old English dynasty that descended from Theobald Walter, who had been appointed chief butler of Ireland by King Henry II in 1177.
Thomas's mother was a daughter of Gerald FitzGerald, 8th Earl of Kildare and his first wife, Alison FitzEustace. Her family, the Geraldines, also were an Old English family. His parents had married in 1485. He was one of nine siblings, who are listed in his father's article.
Early life
As a young man Butler went with Henry VIII to France and was wounded in a leg at the siege of Thérouanne in 1513, hence his surname the Lame or Bocach.
On 3 August 1515, the 7th Earl of Ormond died in London. His father was heir male and succeeded. About 1520 James joined the household of Cardinal Wolsey, who praised him as a young gentleman "both wise and discreet". In early 1522, it was proposed by King Henry VIII that he marry his cousin Anne Boleyn, who was the great-granddaughter of Thomas Butler, 7th Earl of Ormond. The purpose was to resolve a dispute between her father, Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire, and his father over the Ormond inheritance and title; Wolsey himself supported the proposal. The marriage negotiation came to a halt for unknown reasons. On 18 February 1528, the King forced his father to resign the earldom of Ormond, which was given to Thomas Boleyn.
Marriage and children
In 1530 Butler married Joan Fitzgerald. She was the daughter and heiress of the other great Munster landholder, the 10th Earl of Desmond and his wife Amy O'Brien.
James and Joan had seven sons:
Thomas Butler, 10th Earl of Ormond (1531–1614), known as Black Tom, the 10th Earl of Ormond, his successor
Edmund (1534–1602), of Cloughgrenan, married Eleanor Eustace and had three sons, among whom were Theobald of Tulleophelim
John (before 1546 – 1570), of Kilcash, married Katherine MacCarty, daughter of Cormac na Haoine MacCarthy Reagh, 10th Prince of Carbery, and had a son Walter
Walter (died 1560) of Nodstown
James of Duiske, married Margaret, daughter of James Tobin
Edward of Ballinahinch, married first Eleanor FitzGerald, daughter of James Fitzjohn FitzGerald, 13th Earl of Desmond, and secondly Mary Bourke, daughter of Richard Burke, 4th Earl of Clanricarde by his wife Frances Walsingham
Piers of Grantstown married Katherine, daughter of John, 2nd Lord Power of Curraghmore
Career
One of the heirs general to the Ormond inheritance was Thomas Boleyn, whose mother was a Butler. Boleyn was the father of Anne, whose star was rising at the court of King Henry VIII of England. As the king wanted the titles of Ormond and Wiltshire for Thomas Boleyn, he induced Piers Butler's father and his coheirs to resign their claims on 18 February 1528. Aided by the king's Chancellor, Cardinal Thomas Wolsey, Butler was granted the earldom of Ossory instead.
Butler was created, in 1535, Viscount Thurles. In 1537, Thomas Boleyn, Earl of Ormond died without a son, whereupon the King on 22 February 1538, restored the earldom of Ormond to Butler's father.
Viscount Thurles's father died on 26 August 1539 and was buried in St Canice's Cathedral, Kilkenny. Thurles succeeded as the 9th Earl of Ormond and was confirmed by Act of Parliament, 6 November 1541, in the Earldom of Ormond, with the pre-eminence of the original earls. Cokayne, in his Complete Peerage numbers him the 10th Earl of Ormond because he counts Thomas Boleyn as the 9th.
In the early 1540s, Lord Ormond, as he now was, gradually restored the Butler dynasty to their former position of influence, leading to antagonism from the quarrelsome Lord Deputy of Ireland, Sir Anthony St Leger. St Leger gave Ormond command of the Irish forces in the Anglo-Scottish War of 1544. On the face of it, this was an honour, but allies of Ormond accused St Leger of deliberately sending Ormond into danger.
Ormond himself demanded an inquiry into claims that St Leger had planned his murder, and the matter was thought to merit a Privy Council investigation; the Council found in favour of St Leger and he and Ormond were ordered to work together amicably in future.
Poisoning and timeline
On 17 October 1546, James was in London with many of his household. They were invited to dine at Ely Palace in Holborn. He was poisoned along with his steward, James Whyte, and 16 of his household. He died eleven days later, on 28 October, leaving Joan a widow in her thirties.
It is surprising, in view of Ormond's high social standing, that no proper investigation into his death was carried out. Whoever was behind the poisoning remains a mystery. His host at the dinner, John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland, though he could be notably ruthless towards his enemies, had no motive for the crime, as he had no quarrel with Ormond. A recent historian remarks that it would be an extraordinary coincidence if St Leger had no part in the sudden and convenient removal of his main Irish opponent.
Offices held
Esquire of the Body to King Henry VIII, (1527)
Lord High Treasurer of Ireland, (1532–1546)
Privy Counsellor of Ireland, (1535)
Admiral of Ireland, (1535–1539)
Constable of Kilkea Castle, (1537)
Constable of Carlow Castle, (1537)
General in the Irish Forces, (1545)
See also
Hore Abbey
Kells Priory which came into the Earl's possession in March 1540 following the Dissolution of the monasteries.
Notes and references
Notes
Citations
Sources
– N to R (for Ormond)
– Scotland and Ireland
– (for timeline)
– Viscounts (for Viscount Mountgarret)
1490s births
1546 deaths
16th-century Anglo-Irish people
16th-century Irish people
James
Deaths by poisoning
Earls of Ormond (Ireland)
Peers of Ireland created by Henry VIII
Unsolved murders in England
Year of birth uncertain
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Butler%2C%209th%20Earl%20of%20Ormond
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The spotted chirping frog or Mexican cliff frog (Eleutherodactylus guttilatus) is a species of small Eleutherodactylid frog native to the southern United States and Mexico. They are found in moderate elevation ranges of the Sierra Madre Oriental mountain range, from the Davis Mountains in west Texas south to the Mexican states of Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Durango and Guanajuato. They grow from 0.75 to 1.25 inches in length, and are easily mistaken for other Eleutherodactylus species, with which they share range. This has led to some confusion in its taxonomic classification.
References
External links
Herps of Texas: Eleutherodactylus guttilatus
guttilatus
Fauna of the Rio Grande valleys
Fauna of the Sierra Madre Oriental
Amphibians of Mexico
Amphibians of the United States
Amphibians described in 1879
Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleutherodactylus%20guttilatus
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David Komnenos (, ) (c. 1184 – 1212) was one of the founders of the Empire of Trebizond and its joint ruler together with his brother Alexios until his death. At least two lead seals and an inscription found on a tower in Heraclea Pontica attest that he was the first of his family to use the style Megas Komnenos. Ηe was the son of Manuel Komnenos and grandson of the Emperor Andronikos I.
Capture of Trebizond
David's life is not well-documented; the primary historian for the Empire of Trebizond, Michael Panaretos, fails to mention him even once. Because he was the brother of Alexios, we can deduce the names of some of his relatives: Their father was Manuel Komnenos, and their grandfather Byzantine Emperor Andronikos I. Their relative Tamar was queen of Georgia; exactly how David and Tamar were related is not clear. According to Michael Panaretos, Queen Tamar was Alexios' paternal relative (προς πατρός θεὶα); Cyril Toumanoff argued that their grandfather Andronikos had, while in Georgia, married an unnamed sister of king George III. More recently Michel Kuršanskis has argued against Toumanoff's theory, producing evidence that Alexios' mother and/or grandmother were daughters of the houses of Palaiologos or Doukas, yet failing to offer an explanation why Panaretos describes Tamar as Alexios' paternal aunt. Whatever the nature of their relationship, after the death of Emperor Andronikos and their father Manuel, Queen Tamar provided a refuge for the boys at the Georgian court, where presumably they were raised and educated.
In April 1204, while Constantinople was occupied with the on-going conflict with the Fourth Crusade, David and Alexios occupied the city of Trebizond and raised the banner of revolt. Immediately that city, Oinaion and Sinope declared for the two brothers. While Alexios settled down in Trebizond to establish the empire -- earning himself the sneer of being "a proverbial Hylas, called after and not seen" -- David, aided by Georgian troops and local mercenaries, made himself master of Pontus and Paphlagonia, including Kastamonou, said to be the ancestral castle of the Komnenoi. While Alexios collected the allegiance of the fortresses of Tripolis, Kerasus, Mesochaldaion and Jasonis, David advanced westward along the coast from Sinope to the shores of the Sangarios River; the cities of Amastris, Tios and Heraclea Pontica all welcomed him.
Conquests in the West
At this point David encountered another rival for control of the stricken Byzantine Empire: Theodore Laskaris. Laskaris had neutralized rivals along his southern marches—Sabas Asidenos, Manuel Maurozomes, and Theodore Mangaphas, while frustrating the attempts of Henry of Flanders to expand the newly founded Latin Empire into Anatolia. David dispatched his young general Synadenos with some soldiers to occupy the city of Nicomedia, which had been evacuated by the Latin Empire but Laskaris considered part of his domain, the Empire of Nicaea. Theodore Laskaris strategically circled around Synadenos, leading his men through a difficult pass, and fell upon his enemy's flank with complete surprise. Laskaris was prevented from following up this victory and force David's western frontier to recede further eastwards by the timely action of the Latins under Thierri de Loos of seizing Nicomedia. But a Bulgarian invasion of Thrace forced the Latins to withdraw.
For their assistance, David rewarded the Latin Empire with shiploads of grain and hams. Then, considering how Laskaris had encouraged Sultan Kay Khusrau I to besiege Trebizond in 1205 or 1206, David petitioned the Latin Emperor to include him as his subject in his treaties and correspondence with Laskaris, and to treat his land as Latin territory. In the words of William Miller, "It was his interest to prefer a nominal Latin suzerainty to annexation by the Nicaean emperor." Once his position was thus secured, he crossed the Sangarios River with a body of about 300 Frankish auxiliaries, ravaged the villages subject to Laskaris, and took hostages from Plousias. David withdrew, but the Franks, incautiously advancing into the hilly country, were suddenly surprised by Andronikos Gidos, a general of Laskaris, in the Rough Passes of Nicomedia, and scarcely a man of them was left.
In 1208 Laskaris renewed his offensive against David Komnenos at Sangarios River and invested Heraclea Pontica. David responded by sending a messenger to the Latin emperor Henry of Flanders, who begged for help and warned the monarch that if Henry did not help him, David would suffer a serious defeat. Leaving his marshal in Adrianople to finish rebuilding the city, Henry then crossed the Sea of Marmara and occupied Nicomedia, threatening Laskaris' rear, which forced the latter to lift his siege and return to his own territory. Theodore's withdraw was costly, for he lost about 1000 men in crossing the Sangarios, which was in flood. Henry's army might have seized more land in Bithynia, had not an abominably cold winter swept in preventing his troops from advancing any further.
Despite this setback, Theodore did not abandon his attempts on Paphlagonia. Following the Seljuk defeat at Antioch on the Meander, he concluded a treaty with the new Seljuk Sultan, Kaykaus I, and together they encroached on the Trapezuntine territory. According to the panegyric of Niketas Choniates, there was no resistance to Theodore's incursions, and Theodore eventually captured Heraclea Pontica and Amastris. Here we lose sight of David; what exactly happened to David over the next few years is unknown. Vassiliev commented that the lack of reference to David Komnenos in the Treaty of Nymphaeum was evidence that his former suzerain had no further use for him and abandoned him in order to gain a peace with Theodore. Had Laskaris captured him, it would probably have been recorded in the histories. Earlier scholars, beginning with Jakob Philipp Fallmerayer, had placed the death of David during the siege of Sinope in 1214. It seems likely that David might have fled to the Latin emperor. As mentioned above, Michael Panaretos never mentions David, so he provides no help answering that question. More recently the truth of his fate was rediscovered: a marginal note written at Mount Athos records David died as a monk of Vatopedi monastery on 13 December 1212. But this evidence raises more questions than it answers, such as how did he become to reside there.
Shukurov looks for the answer in Panaretos' silence, which he believes was intentional and therefore significant: David somehow disgraced himself and was confined to Vatopedi by Alexios. A clue to his offense may lie in William Miller's observation above referring to David's suzerainty to the Emperor of the Latin Empire, a hated enemy of Byzantines. Despite the attested flexibility of Byzantine ideology, his submission might have been too much for his brother to tolerate, and it was this that led to his downfall and confinement.
References
Further reading
Ian Booth, "Theodore Laskaris and Paphlagonia, 1204-1214; towards a chronological description" in Archeion Pontou (2003/4) pp. 151–224.
1180s births
1212 deaths
David
13th-century emperors of Trebizond
Eastern Orthodox monarchs
12th-century Byzantine people
13th-century Byzantine people
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Komnenos
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Troy Graves (born May 4, 1972) is an American serial rapist and murderer of Shannon Schieber. He committed a series of rapes in Philadelphia from 1997 to1999, where he was known as the "Center City rapist". He also committed rapes in Fort Collins, Colorado in 2001, where he was arrested in 2002. He is serving a life sentence in the Sterling Correctional Facility in Sterling, Colorado.
Early life
Troy was born to Earl and Michal Graves in Minnesota. He grew up in New York and Pennsylvania, living with his mother and older brother Marc, following his parents' divorce in 1986. He dropped out of Bensalem High School in 1989 and worked various jobs in the Philadelphia area while living in the neighborhoods of West Philadelphia and Center City.
His whereabouts were unknown throughout July–October 1999, when he reported for basic training at Lackland Air Force Base in Texas. Following training, he was assigned to F.E. Warren Air Force Base in Cheyenne, Wyoming in April 2000 as a maintenance worker on missile silos.
In March 2001, Graves was married in Larimer County, Colorado and the couple later settled into a home a few blocks west of the Colorado State University campus in Fort Collins.
Criminal career
Philadelphia attacks
June 20, 1997: a woman on South 21st Street is the target of an attempted rape by a home intruder;
July 11, 1997: a woman on Pine Street was raped by a home intruder;
August 6, 1997: a woman on Pine Street was raped by a home intruder;
August 13, 1997: a woman on Pine Street was raped by a home intruder;
May 7, 1998: Wharton School doctoral student Shannon Schieber was raped and murdered by a home intruder;
August 28, 1999: a woman on Naudain Street was raped by a home intruder.
Fort Collins attacks
May 10, 2001: a woman on Raintree Drive was raped;
June 13, 2001: a woman on Raintree Drive was raped;
June 24, 2001: a woman on Battlecreek Drive was raped by a home intruder;
July 26, 2001: a woman on Prospect Road was raped by a home intruder;
August 5, 2001: a woman on University Avenue was raped by a home intruder;
August 23, 2001: a woman on Landings Drive was raped by a home intruder; she scared him away as he tried to attack her roommate.
Arrest and trial
On April 23, 2002, Fort Collins police arrested Graves for a series of six rapes near Colorado State University. Graves' DNA matched that of the Center City rapist and that left at Schieber's murder scene, a link made in May 2001 that had led law enforcement in both states to work together to create a list of individuals who had connections in Fort Collins and Philadelphia. Fort Collins authorities also linked Graves to at least one of the Colorado crimes through fingerprint evidence.
Graves pled guilty to the Fort Collins assaults on May 17, 2002 and to the Philadelphia crimes on May 30, 2002, in order to prevent a possible death sentence in Philadelphia. He was sentenced to life in prison without possibility of parole in both states, but will serve his time in Colorado because he pleaded guilty there first.
In popular culture
Television shows about the case include:
Dateline NBC, episode "Justice for Shannon", first aired 4 March 2003
Forensic Files, episode "All Charged Up", first aired 10 December 2002
Cold Case, episode "Our Boy Is Back", first aired 12 October 2003
Cold Blood, episode "Philadelphia's Night Stalker", first aired 17 May 2012
People Magazine Investigates, episode "Terror in Philadelphia", first aired 12 November 2018.
References
External links
Coverage of the Schieber Murder/Center City Rapes from the Philadelphia Inquirer
1972 births
American people convicted of rape
American people convicted of murder
American prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Colorado
Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Pennsylvania
Criminals from Minnesota
People convicted of murder by Colorado
People convicted of murder by Pennsylvania
Criminals from Philadelphia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troy%20Graves
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St George's School, Windsor Castle is a co-educational independent preparatory school in Windsor, near London, England. Founded to provide choirboys for the Choir of St George's Chapel, it now educates over 400 boys and girls.
History
The school was established to provide six choristers for the Choir of St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, which sings in St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle, which is the official country residence of the British Royal Family. St George's is one of the oldest schools in the country, and has provided an unbroken line of boy choristers to sing daily services in St George's Chapel since 1352.
As late as 1942 the school was reported by its headmaster as being "for the sons of Gentlemen only".
The school's choristers have sung at events such as the wedding of Prince Edward and Sophie Rhys-Jones, now the Duchess of Edinburgh; the funeral of John Hunt, Baron Hunt; and also the blessing of the wedding of the now King Charles III and Queen Camilla.
Present day
The seventeen full choristers live at the school, with about seven 'probationers' who are mostly day pupils. The choristers attend lessons at the school with the other children and rehearse each day before and after school in the Song School by the Chapel, where they also sing seven services each week during term time. Their school fees are partly met by grants from the Dean and Canons of Windsor.
The school has a boarding community of 30 children, many of whom board on weekly or flexible arrangements. Most pupils have experienced some level of boarding before they leave at 13.
The school buildings are situated just below the north wall of Windsor Castle, with the school being divided into three distinct sections – the Pre-Prep (Nursery to Year 2) the Middle School (Years 3, 4 and 5) and the Senior School (Years 6, 7 and 8).
Nearly all pupils over the age of 7 learn an instrument, the majority of girls take part in ballet, tap or jazz dancing and a range of school choirs covers all age-groups.
Although the school is a town centre school, spacious playing fields are situated next door to the school site, within the King's private grounds. Boys play football, rugby and cricket and the girls play netball, hockey and rounders. Swimming takes place in the school's indoor pool.
In 2021, the house names were changed from Revenge, Rodney, Vindictive and Victory, to Garter, Clarence, Lancaster and Winchester. They are now named after the towers at Windsor Castle. The original houses were named after warships.
Headmasters
1893–95: A. Bickerseth
1885–1904: H. F. W. Deane
1904–34: G. S. Fowler
1934–42: James William Webb-Jones
1942–45: P. H. C. Cavanaugh (acting headmaster)
1946–71: W. P. O. Cleave
1971–83: Richard Russell
1983–92: George Hill
1992–93: Bernard Biggs
1993: Anthony Brailsford (acting headmaster)
1993–95: Alan Mould
1995–99: Roger Marsh
1999: Alan Mould (interregnum; autumn term)
2000–11: Roger Jones
2011–12: Andrew Salmond-Smith
2012-17: Chris McDade
2017-2018: Roger Jones
2019– William Goldsmith
Notable pupils
Princess Eugenie of York (born 1990), daughter of The Duke of York and granddaughter of Queen Elizabeth II
Lady Louise Mountbatten-Windsor (born 2003), daughter of The Duke of Edinburgh and granddaughter of Queen Elizabeth II
Sir Walford Davies (1869–1941), composer.
Timothy Bavin (born 1935), Anglican bishop
Michael Chance (born 1955), countertenor
John Denison (1911–2006), music administrator
David Fanshawe (1942–2010), classical composer
John David Morley (born 1948), writer and novelist
Francis Grier (born 1955), classical composer
Miles Jupp (born 1979), comedian
John Lubbock (born 1979), conductor
See also
List of the oldest schools in the world
St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle
Notes
External links
School website
ISI Inspection Reports
Ofsted boarding report 2007
History of the Choristers at St George's Chapel
Choir Schools Association
Choir schools in England
1348 establishments in England
Windsor Castle
Educational institutions established in the 14th century
Preparatory schools in Berkshire
Private schools in the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%20George%27s%20School%2C%20Windsor%20Castle
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Mehmet Uğur Taner (born June 20, 1974) is a retired Turkish-born American swimmer.
Taner was born in Istanbul, Turkey, the son of Erol and Gulcin Taner, who moved to the United States one year later. He attended high school at Newport High School in Bellevue, Washington, where he excelled in swimming. The summer after his senior year, he swam for Turkey in the 1992 Summer Olympics. He swam for University of California, Berkeley and was on the US national team from 1993 to 2000, winning nine national individual titles as well as 1994 world champion in the 4 × 100 m freestyle relay.
In 2000, Taner married another internationally recognized swimmer, Liesl Kolbisen, and began to work at her family's swim school, La Petite Baleen. Taner and Kolbisen have 7 children together. A son, Brooks, was born in 2001; daughter Channing followed in 2003; son Vaughn in 2006; daughter Charis in 2008; son Grey in 2010; son Canaan in 2013; and daughter Sevilen in 2017.
Since January 2006, Taner has been playing guitar with the Matt Nightingale Band as well as numerous churches including Mount Hermon.
External links
Living people
1975 births
American people of Turkish descent
Turkish male freestyle swimmers
American male freestyle swimmers
Swimmers at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Turkish guitarists
Olympic swimmers for Turkey
World Aquatics Championships medalists in swimming
21st-century guitarists
California Golden Bears men's swimmers
Sportspeople from Istanbul
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U%C4%9Fur%20Taner
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Jet is a fictional superhero published by DC Comics. She first appeared in Millennium #2 (January 1988) and was created by Steve Engelhart and Joe Staton.
Fictional character biography
The creators of the Green Lantern Corps, the Guardians of the Universe, had planned to create their successors, a race of new Guardians. The Guardians foresaw that their successors were destined to originate on the planet Earth, so they channeled their vast powers into the "Millennium Project", gathering ten individuals together, teaching them about the nature of the cosmos and endowing them with immortality and metahuman powers. One of these was Celia Windward, a young Jamaican woman living in Great Britain, to whom the Guardians gave the power to control electromagnetic energies. She became Jet, and joined the other heroes the Guardians had made in the team named (appropriately enough) the New Guardians. Jet fought many foes, but contracted HIV fighting the "Hemo-Goblin". As her symptoms worsened into AIDS, she used her last bit of energy to repel an alien invasion, an act which claimed her life.
One Year Later, Jet is apparently alive, and is leader of the Global Guardians. She has publicly renounced the actions of the Green Lanterns, saying that they violated the rules of foreign countries, and undermined her team's attempt to prove that metahumans can act without governmental restrictions. She has been assembling more non-American heroes, even forcing the new Crimson Fox to join her team.
As seen in the pages of Green Lantern, Jet and her team were under the psychic thrall of two Faceless Hunters.
Powers and abilities
Jet has the ability to generate various forms of electromagnetic waves, such as microwaves, to use for a variety of uses.
She can fire blasts of heat and force, generate electromagnetic pulses, move and manipulate metal with magnetic fields, fire blasts of electricity, and see in other frequencies of the spectrum besides visible light (such as ultraviolet and infrared).
She can fly by "riding" the natural electromagnetic field of the Earth (via magnetic levitation).
When she uses her powers, her hair resembles green flames, although she doesn't have any fire-related abilities.
In other media
Celia Windward appears in the third season of Young Justice, voiced by Lauren Tom.
References
External links
World of Black Heroes: Jet Biography
Characters created by Steve Englehart
Comics characters introduced in 1988
DC Comics female superheroes
DC Comics metahumans
DC Comics superheroes
Fictional characters with HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS in comics
Fictional Jamaican people
Fictional English people
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet%20%28DC%20Comics%29
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Metro Wilanowska is a station on Line M1 of the Warsaw Metro, located in the Mokotów district of Warsaw at the junction of Aleja Niepodległości, Puławska Street, and Aleja Wilanowska, all main streets of Warsaw. It is an important transfer point to a large bus station, serving routes through the city and to the surrounding towns and villages.
The station was opened on 7 April 1995 as part of the inaugural stretch of the Warsaw Metro, between Kabaty and Politechnika.
Cultural references
Polish rock group Elektryczne Gitary recorded a Polish-language cover of the Kinks' song Waterloo Sunset, which they named Stacja Wilanowska after the station, for their 1997 album Na Krzywy Ryj.
References
External links
Railway stations in Poland opened in 1995
Line 1 (Warsaw Metro) stations
Mokotów
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilanowska%20metro%20station
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"A Different Kind of Love Song" is a song by American recording artist Cher, taken from her 24th studio album, Living Proof (2001). The song was written and produced by Sigurd Rosnes and Johan Aberg, with additional writing done by Michelle Lewis, and was co-produced by Anders Hansson. The dance-pop song alludes to themes of tragedy, heroism and brotherhood, and was released as a double A-side single with "The Music's No Good Without You" in July 2002 through Warner Bros. Records and WEA.
"A Different Kind of Love Song" received mostly positive reviews from music critics, who deemed it one of the album's highlights, although noting Cher's heavily processed vocals due to the use of auto-tune. The song charted on a few Billboard components, such as Dance/Club Play Songs, where it reached number one, Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales, peaking at number two, and on the Adult Contemporary chart. No accompanying music video was commissioned for "A Different Kind of Love Song"; however, the track was performed a few times by Cher, including on a Will & Grace episode, her concert tour Living Proof: The Farewell Tour, and during the 50th American Bandstand in 2002.
Composition and release
"A Different Kind of Love Song" is a dance-pop song written and produced by Johan Aberg, while additional writing was done by Michelle Lewis, and Sigurd Rosnes. Anders Hansson co-produced the song. According to Michael Paoletta of Billboard, the track "finds [Cher] not rocking the "Believe" boat too much: the chorus is soaring, the beats are foot-stomping, and the singer's vocals are gloriously affected." Jim Farber of Entertainment Weekly perceived that Cher's vocals are heavily processed due to the use of auto-tune. Lyrically, "A Different Kind of Love Song" alludes to themes of tragedy, heroism and brotherhood, as noted by Rolling Stone journalist Barry Walters. The song was also treated with different remixes done by producers such as Rodney Jerkins. In an interview with MTV News, Jerkins expressed that he was flattered to be working with Cher. He further added, "It's incredible to be able to work with a true diva. Cher said she just wanted me to do my thing, which was the most incredible thing in the world. And I had fun doing it." His remix was included on the 2003 compilation album The Very Best of Cher. "A Different Kind of Love Song" was released as a single in July 2002, with "The Music's No Good Without You" as its A-side.
Promotion
No music video was made for "A Different Kind of Love Song". However, Cher performed it on the comedy series Will & Grace in 2002, where she made a special guest appearance in the episode, "AI: Artificial Insemination Part 2", as God. The singer also performed the track during the first leg of the Living Proof: The Farewell Tour, and on April 20, 2002, during the 50th American Bandstand. A live video taken from Living Proof: The Farewell Tour is included as a bonus on The Farewell Tour DVD.
Reception
Michael Paoletta of Billboard considered the album version of the song "perfect", but questioned that "it may be too upbeat for clubland". Reviewing Living Proof, Jim Farber of Entertainer Weekly noted that the songs "have enough oomph to make this more than a one-shot comeback," while Kerry L. Smith of Allmusic selected it as a "track pick" from his album review. Slant Magazine called the song "euphoric".
"A Different Kind of Love Song" charted on a few Billboard components. On the chart issue dated August 31, 2002, the song reached the top position on the Dance/Club Play Songs, and peaked at number 30 on the Adult Contemporary chart. It also peaked at number two on the Hot Dance Music/Maxi Singles chart.
Track listings
US CD Maxi Single (942455-2)
"A Different Kind Of Love Song" (Rosabel Attitude Vocal) - 8.56
"A Different Kind Of Love Song" (Murk Main Mix) - 9.06
"A Different Kind Of Love Song" (Ralph's Alternative Vox) - 9.17
"A Different Kind Of Love Song" (Rodney Jerkins Main Mix (Faster)) - 4.19
"A Different Kind Of Love Song" (Johnny Rocks Mix Show Edit) - 5.58
"A Different Kind Of Love Song" (Lenny B.'s Different Kind Of Club Mix) - 7.15
"A Different Kind Of Love Song" (Craig J Classic Love Mix) - 7.04
"The Music's No Good Without You" (Almighty 12" Mix) 8.04
"The Music's No Good Without You" (Walter Taieb Mix) - 7.40
Credits and personnel
Cher - vocals
Johan Aberg - writer, producer, bass, guitars, keyboard, programming, mixing
Michelle Lewis - writer
Sigurd Rosnes - writer
Anders Hansson - producer
Neil Tucker - assistant engineer
Esbjörn Gunnarsson - bass
Ziggy - backing vocals, keyboard, programming
Dennis B - keyboard, programming, mixing
Björn Engelmann - mixing
Marie Diephuise - backing vocals
Credits adapted from Living Proof liner notes.
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
See also
List of number-one dance singles of 2002 (U.S.)
References
External links
Cher songs
2001 songs
Songs written by Johan Åberg
Songs written by Sigurd Rosnes
2002 singles
Songs written by Michelle Lewis
Warner Music Group singles
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Different%20Kind%20of%20Love%20Song
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"Lonely Boy" is an international hit song from 1977, written and recorded by Andrew Gold in 1976 for his album What's Wrong with This Picture? It spent five months on the American charts, peaking at number seven in both Canada and the United States, the latter for three consecutive weeks on June 11, 18 and 25, 1977, and number 11 in the United Kingdom. While "Lonely Boy" would be Gold's biggest U.S. hit, his track "Never Let Her Slip Away" achieved greater success in the U.K.
Overview
The song follows the life of a child who feels neglected by his parents after the birth of a younger sister. Many assume this song to be autobiographical, yet Gold denied the implication, despite great similarities between the lyrics and his life. Regarding the verses' first lines: "He was born on a summer day in 1951" matches Gold's August 2, 1951 birthday, "In the summer of '53 his mother/Brought him a sister" matches his sister Martha's July 22, 1953 birthday, and "He left home on a winter day, 1969" may match the formation of Bryndle, of which Andrew was a member, in 1969.
The second verse of the song features backing vocals provided by Linda Ronstadt. Gold had previously worked with Ronstadt as a producer and backing musician.
The song was also released as an edited single, eliminating the vocal bridge and shortening the instrumental finale.
It is written in the key of A major with a tempo of 122 BPM.
The song starts with the piano accompaniment, which first seems to be on beat but then when the drums join in, it is exposed to be one half of a beat off.
Personnel
Andrew Gold – vocals, piano, cowbell, handclaps
Waddy Wachtel – lead guitar
Dan Dugmore – rhythm guitar
Kenny Edwards – bass guitar
Brock Walsh – electric piano, ARP String Ensemble
Mike Botts – drums, percussion, sleigh bells
Linda Ronstadt – backing vocals
Peter Asher – handclaps
Chart performance
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Uses in media and cover versions
The song was featured in a number of films including Boogie Nights (1997), The Waterboy (1998), and The Nice Guys (2016). It was the final video to be played on the MTV cable channel's first day of broadcast in the United States, on August 1, 1981. It was also used in "The Pool," an episode of the TV series This Is Us, first broadcast on October 18, 2016, and "Into the Black," an episode of the TV series Animal Kingdom, first broadcast on July 2, 2019. The song's use in Boogie Nights was designated as one of "The 30 Greatest Rock & Roll Movie Moments" by Rolling Stone magazine.
In February 2000, the Foo Fighters recorded a cover of the song to be used as a B-side for an upcoming single off their 1999 album There Is Nothing Left to Lose; however, it wasn't used as a B-side as planned. On Marc Maron's January 17, 2013 WTF podcast, Foo Fighters leader Dave Grohl said that the band's cover of "Lonely Boy" would eventually be released as the A-side of a special "Solid Gold" 45 rpm single with a Foo Fighters version of Gold's "Never Let Her Slip Away" as the B-side.
References
1976 songs
1977 singles
Andrew Gold songs
Songs written by Andrew Gold
Asylum Records singles
Songs about loneliness
Song recordings produced by Peter Asher
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lonely%20Boy%20%28Andrew%20Gold%20song%29
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Sunny Rogers (10 May 1913 – 30 December 2005) was an English entertainer best known for her work with comedian Frankie Howerd.
Rogers was born Jessie Mary Rogerson in Ashton-under-Lyne, Lancashire. Her nickname "Sunny" came from her constant smiling. When attending the Welbeck Street Primary School, the headmistress wrote to her parents saying that "You really should consider sending little Jessie for dancing lessons as she entertains us all day with her singing and dancing."
Rogers began as a dancer at the Trocadero in London and then joined the Tiller Girls; she went on from there to become a choreographer and producer of floor shows.
With her deadpan comedy expression, she became the long-suffering sidekick of Frankie Howerd, a role she played for over 35 years. She was his accompanying pianist who would be continually mocked by the comedian ("She's deaf you know - can't hear a word - poor old soul!"). One of the best examples of her work with the star is the Channel 4 hour-long special "Superfrank!" recorded in 1986.
After Frankie Howerd died in 1992, Sunny retired to Brighton, Sussex, where she continued to help show business charities. Rogers died at age 92 at a nursing home in Worthing.
External links
Profile on the Internet Movie Database
Obituary from The Independent
1913 births
2005 deaths
People from Ashton-under-Lyne
English entertainers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunny%20Rogers
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Saint Francis High School is a Catholic, private college preparatory high school for young men that operates under the administration of Our Lady of the Angels Province of the Order of Friars Minor Conventual in Athol Springs, New York within the Diocese of Buffalo. The school was founded in 1927 by Fr. Justin Figas, OFM Conv. The school is accredited by the New York State Board of Regents and the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools.
Founding and development
The school's founder, Fr. Justin Figas, OFM Conv., wished to establish a secondary school for young men of the Polish-American immigrant community in the Niagara Frontier area in Western New York. The Conventual Franciscans of the Saint Anthony of Padua Province already owned a parcel of land on the shore of Lake Erie in Athol Springs just outside Buffalo. The site was purchased in 1916 by Father Hyacinth Fudzinski. The land had previously been the estate of one "Dr. Pierce," who developed pharmaceuticals around the start of the 20th century.
In December 1924 Father Justin assembled a group of Polish-American businessmen and professionals from Buffalo, New York to help raise funds and support for the construction of the school. This group became known as the "Father Justin Drivers," or the "Justin Drivers." The group was successful and in 1925 ground was broken for the new school in a ceremony held on 12 July 1925. Construction took sixteen months and Saint Francis High School was dedicated on 25 November 1926. In 1927 the first class was enrolled. The original structure built on campus is now called Friar's Hall.
In May 1937 the school was found to meet all requirements of the Board of Regents of the State of New York. In the fall 1943 the school became affiliated with the Catholic University of America in Washington, DC.
In the 1940s there was a great increase in student enrollment, and Father Justin again saw the need to build. This time he planned to build a dormitory/gymnasium building with a tunnel linking to the original building. In 1946 Father Justin again assembled a group of "drivers" and four years later, in 1950, ground was broken on the new complex. The gymnasium was completed first on 2 September 1951, but the dormitories were not completed for another six years. The building is now known as Justin Hall.
Renovations were done to the chapel, science labs, student dining room, residence facilities, offices, and gymnasium in the 1960s and 70s. The school was able to offer a full college preparatory curriculum for students who lived on campus, and for students who commuted daily. Enrollment again increased and increased classroom space was needed. Classrooms were made in Justin Hall where resident living was once planned. At the same time, in the late 1970s and continuing into the 1980s, the number of resident students steadily decreased. By the late 1980s, only the top floor of Justin Hall was used for residence life. At the end of the 1988 school year, the Board of Directors terminated the residency program.
In 1985 fundraising began for the construction an auditorium complex. In May 1987 ground was broken and on 29 October 1988 the John Ormsby Alumni Auditorium opened. The building was constructed adjacent to Justin Hall and includes a thrust stage with an orchestra pit in an 800-seat auditorium, a campus book store, a fitness center, and a boardroom. In 1995 the complex was completed with the construction of a band room, practice rooms, dressing rooms, offices, and storage space.
In 1999, a parcel of land behind the school's football field on Big Tree Road was acquired. Practice fields and additional playing fields were constructed in that space. The science labs in Friar's Hall were overhauled and modernized in 2003. In November 2004 an expansion of Justin Hall and the gymnasium began. In late 2005 construction was completed and the new facility included additional classrooms; separate locker-rooms for gym classes, home teams, opposing teams, and referees; an additional gym floor, and an athletic trainer's room. At the time of construction the campus traffic pattern was also changed. Previously traffic blowed between the two major complexes on campus, essentially forming a sea of parking and traffic. The update saw the addition of a 52-space parking lot on the Lake Erie side of Friar's Hall and the creation of a traditional grass quadrangle with walkways between Friar's and Justin Halls. In 2007, construction began on the new Mary Schneider Visual Arts Center located in the lower floor of Friar's Hall. It features of floor space and includes space for art classes and storage. Also included are a new classroom and a teachers' dining room.
2010 saw an update of the school's athletic facilities with the addition of new bleachers as well as a new press box on the football field.
In 2010-2011 construction took place for new resident rooms. There are dorms for 26 residents along with an activities rooms. The dormatories opened in the 2011–2012 school year.
From 2015 to 2017, the outdoor athletic facilities were expanded and renovated. In 2015 a multi-sport synthetic turf playing surface (Polian Family Field) was installed along with a new eight lane track. 2016 saw the Gacioch Family Athletic Center completed featuring on-site home an away locker rooms, an athletic training room, an officials room, a coaches room, a viewing suite overlooking Polian Family Failed, a filming tower, a permanent home for the Fr. Rufinus Niedzwiecki OFM Conv. Sports Hall of Fame, and a concessions stand. On March 18, 2017, the varsity baseball field was dedicated as Jeff Sgroi Memorial Field in memory of long time assistant coach Jeffrey Michael Sgroi. Improvements include the addition of dugouts, a new playing surface, fencing, bullpens, storage and a scoreboard.
Notable alumni
Brian Daboll, head coach for the New York Giants
Kevin Kuwik, head men's basketball coach for Army
Elliot Jacobson, drummer for singer/songwriter Ingrid Michaelson and other artists
Patrick Kaleta, right wing for NHL's Buffalo Sabres from 2007 to 2013 (attended)
Kevin Kobel, former Major League Baseball pitcher for Milwaukee Brewers and New York Mets
Todd Krygier, player for NHL's Hartford Whalers, 1989–1991; Washington Capitals, 1991–1994, 1995–1998; and Anaheim Ducks, 1994-1996
Jim Kubiak, quarterback who broke 22 passing records at U.S. Naval Academy; was on NFL's Indianapolis Colts roster for one season
Dylan McDuffie, college football running back for the Kansas Jayhawks (attended)
Aaron Miller, NHL defensemen, won Stanley Cup with Colorado Avalanche in 1996; played on USA Olympic Hockey Team in 1998, 2002, and 2006
Jim Negrych, baseball player for Buffalo Bisons, AAA affiliate of Toronto Blue Jays
Brian Polian '93, head football coach at University of Nevada, Reno 2013–16; assistant coach at LSU
Jack Quinn III, former New York State Assemblyman representing 146th District; son of former U.S. Congressman Jack Quinn
Kyle Smith, American football executive for the Washington Redskins
Lee Stempniak '01, right wing for NHL's Calgary Flames
Luke Tasker, wide receiver in NFL and Canadian Football League
Tom Telesco '91, general manager of NFL's Los Angeles Chargers
Doug Worthington '05, NFL defensive lineman
Mark Jackson '95, Plant Manager Motion Concepts
References
External links
St. Francis High School Website
Catholic secondary schools in New York (state)
Educational institutions established in 1927
Boys' schools in New York (state)
Schools in Erie County, New York
1927 establishments in New York (state)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint%20Francis%20High%20School%20%28Athol%20Springs%2C%20New%20York%29
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Akai Buranko (赤いブランコ ) (Red Swing) is the 16th single released by Japanese pop duo Puffy AmiYumi. "Red Swing" was the opening track for Nice. There is an English version titled "Planet Tokyo".
Sophie Bennett and Kia Luby covered "Planet Tokyo" on their CDs Spin and Planet Tokyo.
Tracks
赤いブランコ (Akai Buranko)
Planet Tokyo
アジアの純真 ～English Version～
Red Swing
External links
Lyrics
Lyrics (English)
Puffy AmiYumi songs
2002 songs
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akai%20Buranko
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The approximately 39 small islets of Caroline Island, a crescent-shaped atoll located some south of the Hawaiian Islands in the central Pacific, surround a shallow central lagoon. Caroline Island's islets, which only rise a few meters above sea level, share a common geologic origin and consist of sand deposits and limestone rock set atop a coral reef.
Three large islets — Nake, Long, and South Islets — make up 68 percent of the land area. The remaining assembly of small islets, divided into four groupings, was surveyed during a 1988 ecological survey, conducted by Angela and Cameron Kepler; at that time, many of the thus-far-unnamed islets were given names of Polynesian derivation. Several of the smallest islets have been observed to appear or disappear entirely following major storms, and the shapes of some larger islets have changed significantly over the past century.
Flora, the most distinguishing feature of each islet, varies as a function of both islet size and prior human habitation. Larger islets support inward zones of shrub, primarily Tournefortia argentea, and the largest possess a central forested region usually dominated by groves of Pisonia grandis trees. Artifacts, including wells, homesites, and marae, on several islets, speak to prior human habitation, as do stands of non-indigenous Cocos palms; however, many islets have little or no evidence of human influence, despite past disturbance.
List of islet groups and single islets
List of islets
Details of islets
See also
Desert island
List of islands
References
(Text of "Caroline Island" chapter online at: )
Caroline Island
Caroline Island
Kiribati geography-related lists
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20islets%20of%20Caroline%20Island
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Młociny is a Warsaw Metro station serving as a northern terminus to Line M1. It is situated within Warsaw administrative boundaries and Public Transport Authority's ticketing zone 1, in the osiedle Młociny of the dzielnica Bielany, in a close proximity to Warsaw's ArcelorMittal steelworks. The station opened on 25 October 2008 and is the final northern extension of Line M1. It was designed by Polish architect Andrzej M. Chołdzyński.
The area beyond the station has been remodelled into a major public transportation junction after Młociny opened. It is served by trams and both urban and suburban buses. Although there are no plans to extend Line M1 further, the station is built in such way that it will be possible to do so if need be.
The trains are turned back at sidings behind Młociny. Terminating trains arrive at eastern side platform, whereas southbound trains depart from western side platform.
Gallery
References
External links
Railway stations in Poland opened in 2008
Line 1 (Warsaw Metro) stations
Bielany
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C5%82ociny%20metro%20station
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Bolligen is a municipality in the Bern-Mittelland administrative district of the canton of Bern, Switzerland.
In the historical center is a twelfth-century church, with a benefice barn and parsonage from the 16th century.
History
Bolligen is first mentioned in 1180 as Bollingin.
Traces of a neolithic settlement were discovered in Burech. There are traces of an earthen fort of an indeterminate age above Flugbrunnen, along with medieval earthen forts at Grauholz and on the Bantiger. Bolligen, Muri bei Bern, Stettlen and Vechigen were the first villages to come under Bern's control as Bern began its expansion into a city-state. During the 13th and 14th centuries, representatives of Bern and the Kyburg Counts often met in Bolligen for negotiations. After the extinction of the Knights of Gerenstein, their castle, Gerenstein Castle and the Geristein farms passed into private ownership. The castle and farm passed through the hands of a number of wealthy Bernese citizens and several monasteries, including Interlaken Abbey and Thorberg Charterhouse. The city of Bern also continued to acquire rights around Bolligen. In 1345 it bought Habstetten from Berchtold of Thornberg. Following the Protestant Reformation in 1528, Bern secularized a number of monasteries around the Canton. From the Thorberg Chapterhouse they acquired the low court in Bolligen and from Interlaken Abbey the rights over Bolligen's church. The Grauholz-Sädelbach woods near Bolligen became a popular summer retreat for Bern's patrician families. An early example of these was the Wegmühle house which was built in 1600 and then renovated in 1669. It was followed by the Hubelgut house in Habstetten in 1670 and in 1720 by the Lindeburg house.
The village church of St. Niklaus was first mentioned in 1180. It was probably the family church of the Gerenstein family. The current church was built in the 12th or 13th century and expanded in the 15th century. In 1792-95 it was renovated and repaired. In 1274 Ulrich of Stein gave the patronage over the church to Interlaken Abbey. After the secularization of the Abbey in 1528, the church's patronage fell to Bern, who made it the parish church for Habstetten. The parish grew to include 30 villages, hamlets and farms with a population of 1,771 in 1764. In 1834, the political municipality was created from this large parish. Following a long running debate on whether to centralize (1930, 1945, 1963), incorporate in Bern (1913, 1919) or decentralize (1956, 1962, 1972), in 1978 the residents decided to divide the municipality into three independent municipalities; Bolligen, Ittigen and Ostermundigen.
Beginning in the 18th century, farmers in Bolligen began to grow hay in addition to the traditional grain. The hay was sold to provide food during winter for the many dairy and cattle farms that were developing in the surrounding area. Also in the 18th century large industrial operations opened. These included; the quarries in Stockeren (1708-1918/49) and the paper mill in the Wegmühle which opened in 1787 and converted into a grain mill in 1855. The municipality remained a mostly rural town until the agglomeration of Bern spread into Bolligen in 1950s transforming it. Agricultural land was replaced by shopping centers and housing developments. Many of the residents of the municipality commute to Bern for work and by 1990, over three-fourths of the workers were commuters. The expansion of the infrastructure has led, in part, to urbanization. Primary schools are located in Bolligen, Ferenberg and Geristein, along with a secondary school and a pre-Gymnasium in Bolligen.as well as in a secondary school and lower secondary school. Since 1913, following the example Worblental train.
Geography
Bolligen has an area of . Of this area, or 43.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 44.0% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 12.4% is settled (buildings or roads), or 0.2% is either rivers or lakes and or 0.1% is unproductive land.
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 7.2% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.3%. Out of the forested land, all of the forested land area is covered with heavy forests. Of the agricultural land, 26.1% is used for growing crops and 14.8% is pastures, while 2.4% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.
The municipality is located in the agglomeration of Bern. Bolligen lies northeast of Bern, its area connects the Worblental to the Emmental. The "Lutzere" mountains form the watershed boundary between the Emme River and the Aare River.
In 1980 and 1983, the small but heavily populated towns of Ittigen and Ostermundigen divided from Bolligen to form independent municipalities. It consists of the village of Bolligen and the hamlets of Bantigen, Ferenberg, Flugbrunnen, Geristein and Habstetten.
In the municipality is the Bantiger mountain (). The transmission tower of Swisscom located there supplies the surrounding region with radio and television programs. The mountain also provides a panorama of the Jura mountains, the Swiss plateau, and the Alps.
On 31 December 2009 Amtsbezirk Bern, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Verwaltungskreis Bern-Mittelland.
Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Gules a Chevron and Chevron inverted Argent frettee.
Demographics
Bolligen has a population () of . , 7.2% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2000-2010) the population has changed at a rate of 2%. Migration accounted for 2.7%, while births and deaths accounted for 0%.
Most of the population () speaks German (5,490 or 93.2%) as their first language, French is the second most common (130 or 2.2%) and Italian is the third (60 or 1.0%). There are 9 people who speak Romansh.
, the population was 47.9% male and 52.1% female. The population was made up of 2,692 Swiss men (44.3% of the population) and 218 (3.6%) non-Swiss men. There were 2,944 Swiss women (48.5%) and 222 (3.7%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality, 1,189 or about 20.2% were born in Bolligen and lived there in 2000. There were 2,659 or 45.1% who were born in the same canton, while 1,313 or 22.3% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 605 or 10.3% were born outside of Switzerland.
, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 19.1% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 55.4% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 25.4%.
, there were 2,171 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 3,210 married individuals, 276 widows or widowers and 236 individuals who are divorced.
, there were 661 households that consist of only one person and 141 households with five or more people. , a total of 2,436 apartments (91.3% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 197 apartments (7.4%) were seasonally occupied and 34 apartments (1.3%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 2.5 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 1.11%.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
Heritage sites of national significance
The Kleingewerbler House and the Wegmühle are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance. The entire Worbletal area is part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites.
Twin Town
Bolligen is twinned with the town of Hluboka, Czech Republic.
Politics
In the municipal council the Free Democratic Party of Switzerland (FDP, 2), Social Democratic Party of Switzerland (SP, 3), Swiss People's Party (SVP, 1), and "Bolligen Parteilos" ("cross-bencher," BP, 1) are represented (as of May 2006).
In the 2007 election the most popular party was the SVP which received 25.9% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP (23.9%), the SPS (20%) and the Green Party(12%).
In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 22% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SPS (20.2%), the BDP Party (16.1%) and the FDP (15.7%). In the federal election, a total of 3,077 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 64.7%.
The mayor, Margret Kiener Nellen, is the representative of the canton of Bern in the National Council of Switzerland and a member of the Social Democratic Party of Switzerland.
Economy
, Bolligen had an unemployment rate of 1.62%. , there were a total of 1,683 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 127 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 43 businesses involved in this sector. 362 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 39 businesses in this sector. 1,194 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 151 businesses in this sector.
there were a total of 1,367 full-time equivalent jobs. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 88, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 331 of which 232 or (70.1%) were in manufacturing and 93 (28.1%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 948. In the tertiary sector; 477 or 50.3% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 40 or 4.2% were in a hotel or restaurant, 43 or 4.5% were in the information industry, 26 or 2.7% were the insurance or financial industry, 64 or 6.8% were technical professionals or scientists, 66 or 7.0% were in education and 119 or 12.6% were in health care.
, there were 1,009 workers who commuted into the municipality and 2,388 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 2.4 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 35.9% used public transportation to get to work, and 41.6% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 971 or 16.5% were Roman Catholic, while 3,935 or 66.8% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 32 members of an Orthodox church (or about 0.54% of the population), there were 7 individuals (or about 0.12% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church, and there were 350 individuals (or about 5.94% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 6 individuals (or about 0.10% of the population) who were Jewish, and 37 (or about 0.63% of the population) who were Islamic. There were 5 individuals who were Buddhist, 17 individuals who were Hindu and 3 individuals who belonged to another church. 536 (or about 9.10% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 150 individuals (or about 2.55% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
In Bolligen about 2,579 or (43.8%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 1,294 or (22.0%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 1,294 who completed tertiary schooling, 70.2% were Swiss men, 23.2% were Swiss women, 4.3% were non-Swiss men and 2.2% were non-Swiss women.
The Canton of Bern school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend additional schooling or they may enter an apprenticeship.
During the 2009-10 school year, there were a total of 658 students attending classes in Bolligen. There were 4 kindergarten classes with a total of 80 students in the municipality. Of the kindergarten students, 8.8% were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 10.0% have a different mother language than the classroom language. The municipality had 17 primary classes and 346 students. Of the primary students, 4.6% were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 6.6% have a different mother language than the classroom language. During the same year, there were 12 lower secondary classes with a total of 221 students. There were 6.8% who were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 5.4% have a different mother language than the classroom language.
, there were 111 students in Bolligen who came from another municipality, while 355 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
Points of interests
Bantiger TV Tower
References
External links
Municipalities of the canton of Bern
Cultural property of national significance in the canton of Bern
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolligen
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Chandamama ( in Indian languages; cf. Mother Earth) may refer to:
A popular lullaby from India
Moon-Uncle, Moon-Uncle: Rhymes from India, a 1972 book by Sylvia Cassedy and Parvathi Thampi, illustrated by Susanne Suba
Chandamama, an Indian monthly magazine focused on kids and youngsters
Chandamama (1999 film), an Indian Malayalam-language film starring Kunchacko Boban
Chandamama (2007 film), an Indian Telugu-language film by Krishna Vamsi
Chandamama (2013 film), an Indian Tamil-language film starring Karunas
See also
Chanda (disambiguation)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandamama%20%28disambiguation%29
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A diamine is an amine with exactly two amino groups. Diamines are used as monomers to prepare polyamides, polyimides, and polyureas. The term diamine refers mostly to primary diamines, as those are the most reactive.
In terms of quantities produced, 1,6-diaminohexane (a precursor to Nylon 6-6) is most important, followed by ethylenediamine. Vicinal diamines (1,2-diamines) are a structural motif in many biological compounds and are used as ligands in coordination chemistry.
Aliphatic diamines
Linear
1 carbon: methylenediamine (diaminomethane) of theoretical interest only
2 carbons: ethylenediamine (1,2-diaminoethane). Related derivatives include the N-alkylated compounds, 1,1-dimethylethylenediamine, 1,2-dimethylethylenediamine, ethambutol, tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene, TMEDA.
3 carbons: 1,3-diaminopropane (propane-1,3-diamine)
4 carbons: putrescine (butane-1,4-diamine)
5 carbons: cadaverine (pentane-1,5-diamine)
6 carbons: hexamethylenediamine (hexane-1,6-diamine), trimethylhexamethylenediamine
Branched
Derivatives of ethylenediamine are prominent:
1,2-diaminopropane, which is chiral.
diphenylethylenediamine, two diastereomers, one of which is C2-symmetric.
1,2-diaminocyclohexane, two diastereomers, one of which is C2-symmetric.
Cyclic
1,4-Diazacycloheptane
Xylylenediamines
Xylylenediamines are classified as alkylamines since the amine is not directly attached to an aromatic ring.
o-xylylenediamine or OXD
m-xylylenediamine or MXD
p-xylylenediamine or PXD
Aromatic diamines
Three phenylenediamines are known:
o-phenylenediamine or OPD
m-phenylenediamine or MPD
p-phenylenediamine or PPD. 2,5-diaminotoluene is related to PPD but contains a methyl group on the ring.
Various N-methylated derivatives of the phenylenediamines are known:
dimethyl-4-phenylenediamine, a reagent.
N,N'-di-2-butyl-1,4-phenylenediamine, an antioxidant.
Examples with two aromatic rings include derivatives of biphenyl and naphthalene:
4,4'-diaminobiphenyl
1,8-diaminonaphthalene
References
External links
Synthesis of diamines
Monomers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamine
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Jenő Barcsay (14 January 1900, Katona, Austria-Hungary (today Cătina, Romania) – 2 April 1988, Budapest, Hungary) was a Hungarian painter with Armenian ancestry.
Born in Katona, Hungary in 1900, Barcsay was a descendant of an aristocratic family from Transylvania. In 1919, he went to Budapest to begin his studies in the Fine Art School and graduated in 1924. The summer of 1926 was spent in Makó and Hódmezővásárhely, where he worked on the constructive structural powers in landscapes. In that year, he went to Paris for a year where he discovered the works of Cézanne. His paintings greatly influenced the young artist.
While in Italy in 1927, Barcsay learned about the Quattrocento movement of the early Renaissance, particularly the anatomical studies of the period. He became a resident of Szentendre after many visits and embarked on another fellowship to Paris in 1929 to understand the rules of cubism. He became a teacher at the Municipal Apprentice School from 1931 to 1945 and later became a teacher at the Fine Art School of Budapest from 1945 until his retirement, where he taught figure sketching and anatomy.
Anatomy for the Artist Book Includes detailed drawings of the human body for the fine artist in 142 full page plates. These drawings include bones, muscles, and joints.
References
External links
BARCSAY, Jenő - Fine Arts in Hungary
1900 births
1988 deaths
20th-century Hungarian painters
20th-century Hungarian male artists
Hungarian nobility
Hungarian nobility in Transylvania
People from Cluj County
Burials at Kerepesi Cemetery
Academic staff of the Hungarian University of Fine Arts
Hungarian male painters
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jen%C5%91%20Barcsay
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Five Roads () is a village on the B4309 road in Carmarthenshire, Wales, from Llanelli and from Carmarthen.
The name comes from the fact that there are five roads leading off Y Sgwar (English: The Square); the central part of the village on the main road. The five roads are: Rehoboth Road, Horeb Road, Heol Hen, and the entrance and exit of the main road, known as Ynys-y-Cwm Road on the Llanelli side and Eclipse Terrace on the Carmarthen side.
There are two pubs, The Stag, situated centrally on the main road, and the Waun Wyllt 1/4 mile distant in the neighbouring hamlet of Horeb, which abuts Five Roads. The Stag pub is famous as the meeting place of the Rebecca Rioters who gathered there to plan raids in the 18th century. Prior to its refurbishment in 2007 the pub operated a two-bar system with the names of the bar and lounge, reflecting its Rebecca Riots history, named the Dai'r Cantwr Bar and Shoni Sguborfawr Lounge after two of the ringleaders.
A blue plaque was unveiled at the pub in 2008 as part of anniversary celebrations.
Villages in Carmarthenshire
Llanelli Rural
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five%20Roads
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Ictitherium is an extinct genus belonging to the family Hyaenidae and the subfamily Ictitheriinae erected by Trouessart in 1897. Ictitherium species were endemic to Eurasia and Africa during the Middle Miocene through the Early Pliocene (12.7—5.3 mya) and existed approximately .
Ictitherium were around long, and looked more like civets than modern hyenas, possessing a long body with short legs and a possibly short tail. It is speculated that I. viverrinum ate plants as well as medium-small mammals and birds. Ictitherium was a very successful and abundant genus, with multiple fossils often being found at a single site. Possibly, this early hyena genus lived in packs and had a social order, much like its modern descendants.
References
Prehistoric hyenas
Miocene carnivorans
Pliocene carnivorans
Zanclean extinctions
Miocene mammals of Africa
Pliocene mammals of Africa
Miocene mammals of Asia
Pliocene mammals of Asia
Miocene mammals of Europe
Prehistoric carnivoran genera
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ictitherium
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The Communication Workers Union of Australia is a trade union in Australia. It is a division of the Communications, Electrical and Plumbing Union of Australia.
It was formed in 1992 as a standalone Union following the merger of the Australian Postal and Telecommunications Union and the Australian Telecommunications Employees Association/Australian Telephone and Phonogram Officers Association. At the time of the merger the union had a membership of approximately 85,000. In 1993 it absorbed the Telecommunications Officers Association (TOA). The CWU amalgamated with the ETU and PPTEU to form the CEPU in 1994, thereafter becoming a division of the larger union. The three CEPU Divisions largely operate autonomously, as separate entities, on a day to day basis.
References
External links
National Divisional Office
Central Branch (NSW/ACT/QLD/SA/NT
Western Australia Branch
Tasmania Branch
Victoria Branch
Trade unions in Australia
UNI Global Union
Communications trade unions
Trade unions established in 1912
1912 establishments in Australia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication%20Workers%20Union%20of%20Australia
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Persistent tunica vasculosa lentis is a congenital ocular anomaly. It is a form of persistent fetal vasculature (PFV).
It is a developmental disorder of the vitreous. It is usually unilateral and first noticed in the neonatal period. It may be associated with microphthalmos, cataracts, and increased intraocular pressure. Elongated ciliary processes are visible through the dilated pupil. A USG B-scan confirms diagnosis in the presence of a cataract.
See also
Persistent fetal vasculature
Tunica vasculosa lentis
References
http://www.djo.harvard.edu/files/1568.pdf
Wright KW, Spiegel PH, Buckley EG. Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. Springer; US, New York: 2003. p. 17.
Eye diseases
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistent%20tunica%20vasculosa%20lentis
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Downtown Records is an American record label based in New York City with offices in Los Angeles. Owned and operated by Josh Deutsch and Terence Lam, the label is distributed by Geffen Records (formerly Interscope Records and The Orchard) in the US and in the UK distributed by Polydor Records.
The roster includes artists such as Nick Murphy, Brett Dennen, Electric Guest, Tei Shi, Goldroom and Tommy Genesis.
History
The label was co-founded by Josh Deutsch and Terence Lam in 2006 and grew to become Downtown Music with publishing, licensing, music services and Songtrust. In 2013 Downtown Records was purchased outright by its original co-founders and now operates fully independent. The label's music was distributed by Sony Music's RED Distribution and Cooperative Music. It is now distributed by Interscope Records/Universal Music Group (now Geffen Records).
In addition to the sister label, Mercer Street Records, Downtown has label partnerships with Dim Mak Records, Fool's Gold Records and Mad Decent.
Downtown Records also operates Downtown Events – a festival and concert promotion company that produces The Downtown Music Festival.
Roster
The Academic
Ant Beale
Autre Ne Veut
Big Time Rush
Bop English
Brett Dennen
Dawn Golden
Devin Di Dakta
Electric Guest
Ex Cops
Goldroom
Houses
Lawrence Rothman
Lola Kirke
Lorde Fredd33
Mapei
Miike Snow
Neon Trees
Nick Murphy (aka Chet Faker)
Sammi Sanchez
San Fermin
Santigold
Slow Magic
Smino
Tei Shi
Tkay Maidza
Tommy Genesis
Vacationer
Past roster
Andrew Wyatt
Amanda Blank
Art Brut
Butter the Children
Carla Bruni
Chloē Laing
Cold War Kids
The Cranberries
Crookers
Cyndi Lauper
Die Antwoord
The Drums
Duck Sauce
Duke Dumont
Eagles of Death Metal
Gnarls Barkley
Jonathan Wilson
Justice
Kid Sister
Kate Earl
Katie Herzig
Lissy Trullie
Major Lazer
Marilyn Manson
Mura Masa
Mas Ysa
Mos Def
MSTRKRFT
Penguin Prison
Port St. Willow
Say Lou Lou
Scissor Sisters
SomeKindaWonderful
Spank Rock
Wildcat! Wildcat!
William Fitzsimmons
White Denim
YACHT
Mercer Street Records:
Aṣa
David Gray
Femi Kuti
Jessie Harris
Kitty, Daisy & Lewis
Meshell Ndegeocello
Ozomatli
William Fitzsimmons
References
External links
The Changing Role Of A&R, Billboard
Interview with Josh Deutsch, HitQuarters Sep 06
American independent record labels
Record labels established in 2006
Alternative rock record labels
Rock record labels
Pop record labels
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downtown%20Records
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WUWF Public Media consists of radio, television and internet services. WUWF FM is a public radio station licensed to the board of trustees of the University of West Florida, located in Pensacola, Florida. The station is a member of National Public Radio, Florida Public Media, Florida Public Radio Network, American Public Media and Public Radio International. The station's main signal is broadcast on 88.1 FM with a non-directional power output of 100,000 watts from a tower located in Midway, Florida. The primary antenna array is centered at .
Broadcasting a wide variety of network programs, WUWF FM is also known for locally produced programming like Acoustic Interlude and RadioLive. Both of these programs have national and international followers who listen on the station's internet broadcast service..
For 30 years, WUWF FM has produced a wide variety of local, national and international programming. WUWF 88.1 FM is the official Emergency Alert System broadcaster serving the Pensacola metropolitan area. WUWF operates in Hybrid Digital (HD) mode, providing the opportunity to multicast, which means three separate radio channels are available via HD receivers: WUWF FM-1, WUWF FM-2 and WUWF FM-3.
WUWF FM-2 and WUWF FM-3
On January 31, 2011, the entire broadcast schedule of WUWF FM-2 was switched to a classical music format. On September 26, 2011, WUWF FM-3 was launched with a radio reader format. This third channel broadcasts Sightline for the visually impaired which features a 24-hour schedule including daily readings of the Pensacola News Journal and information from the Gatewave reading service. A digital HD radio is needed in order to listen to WUWF FM-2 and WUWF FM-3 over the air. Sightline is also available on the secondary audio program of WSRE TV. All three WUWF program streams are available at the station's website.
Television
WUWF-TV was launched in 2003. It can be seen on Cox Cable channel 4 in Pensacola and Escambia County, Florida, and in a live 500 kbit/s stream at the station's website. WUWF-TV features programming from the Classic Arts Showcase, Free Speech TV and Deutsche Welle. Locally produced programs include Inside UWF, Within Reason, Southern Gardening, and Coming of Age. WUWF-TV provides public-access television opportunities for the Pensacola community and employs a staff of students and volunteers.
History
WUWF was founded in 1981 by the late Thomas K. Perry. Working with a core staff and hundreds of volunteers, WUWF has approximately 65,000 listeners. With the cutback of federal funding in the 1990s, WUWF began a course as a true listener-supported station: it operates largely with contributions from local individual listeners with additional support from locally based businesses. Only a small portion of the station's operating budget comes from state and federal grants. The University of West Florida also provides funds, mainly for facilities upkeep and utility bills.
References
External links
WUWF
RadioLive
Acoustic Interlude
NPR member stations
University of West Florida
UWF
UWF
1981 establishments in Florida
Radio stations established in 1981
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WUWF
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PONT (), officially the Political Party for Us All (), is a centre-left political party in Haiti. Jean Marie Chérestal, Prime Minister from 2 March 2001 to 21 January 2002, was the leader of the party. The party won in the 7 February 2006 Senate elections 1.1% of the popular vote and two senators. In the 7 February and 21 April 2006 Chamber of Deputies elections, the party won no seats.
For the 2015 parliamentary elections, the party presented 3 candidates for the Senate and 52 for the Chamber of Deputies.
References
Political parties in Haiti
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pont%20%28Haiti%29
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The Zombi series refers collectively to horror films that have been marketed, in various territories, as sequels to either George A. Romero's Italian-American film Dawn of the Dead (1978) or Lucio Fulci's Italian film Zombi 2 (1979). The latter was itself marketed by Italian distributors as a sequel to the former. A confusing history has emerged from the practice of reworking films as Zombi movies for release in different countries, a process during which a film may be given a different title in each country where it is released. In Britain and Thailand, these films were released as the Zombie Flesh Eaters series. In North America and Germany, the films became known as the Zombie series. The films maintained their original spelling, Zombi, when released in Australia and other select countries.
The Zombi series began when Romero's Dawn of the Dead film (released in European countries as Zombi) was re-edited by Dario Argento and re-scored by Goblin for its Italian and wider European releases. Following the film's success, a zombie film by Lucio Fulci was commissioned and titled Zombi 2, to appear as a sequel. A series of increasingly tenuous efforts by various producers to capitalize on the Zombi name in multiple countries ensued.
Series by region
Italian series
The Italian series starts with Dawn of the Dead and is followed by Zombi 2 and its officially-released sequels.
Zombi (1978) (original title: Dawn of the Dead)
Zombi 2 (1979)
Zombi 3 (1988)
British series
In the U.K., the series is known as Zombie Flesh Eaters. While it follows the Italian series in proper order, it ignores Dawn of the Dead as the first entry, and instead starts with Zombi 2, adding the unrelated film Oltre la morte as a third installment.
Zombie Flesh Eaters (1979) (Italian title: Zombi 2)
Zombie Flesh Eaters 2 (1988) (Italian title: Zombi 3)
Zombie Flesh Eaters 3 (1989) (Italian title: Oltre la morte, a.k.a. After Death)
German series
The German series, like the Italian series, starts off with Dawn of the Dead, but ignores Fulci's Zombi 2 (which was released separately as Woodoo), and instead continues with Day of the Dead and the Italian Zombi 3.
Zombie (1979) (original title: Dawn of the Dead)
Zombie 2: Das Letzte Kapitel (1985) (original title: Day of the Dead)
Zombie III (1988) (Italian title: Zombi 3)
Thai series
The Thai Zombi series follows the titling and numbering of the British series, but adds the unrelated film Killing Birds with the new title, Zombie Flesh Eaters 4.
Zombie Flesh Eaters (1979) (Italian title: Zombi 2)
Zombie Flesh Eaters 2 (1988) (Italian title: Zombi 3)
Zombie Flesh Eaters 3 (1989) (Italian title: Oltre la morte, a.k.a. After Death)
Zombie Flesh Eaters 4 (1988) (Italian title: Uccelli assassini, a.k.a. Killing Birds)
Australian series
The Australian version of the series uses roman numerals and is composed of sequels only, most of which are re-titled Italian films. However, one exclusive installment was produced titled Zombi VIII: Urban Decay in 2020. The series starts off with Zombi IV: Bakterion and concludes with Zombi VIII: Urban Decay.
Zombi IV: Bakterion (1982) (original title: Panic, a.k.a. Bakterion)
Zombi V: Vengeance (1973) (original title: Vengeance of The Zombies)
Zombi VI: The Mirage (1981) (original title: Dawn of The Mummy)
Zombi VII: Last Rites (1975) (original title: Night of The Seagulls)
Zombi VIII: Urban Decay (2020)
American series
Although the American series begins with Zombi 2 and continues in the established sequence, some of the films were re-titled again and the titles do not follow in numerical order. Zombi 2 was renamed Zombie, but Zombi 3 was renamed Zombie 3 rather than Zombie 2. Two additional films were released on home video with titles that would imply that they were sequels, but which had nothing to do with the Italian series.
Zombie (1979) (Italian title: Zombi 2)
Zombie 3 (1988) (Italian title: Zombi 3)
Zombie 4: After Death (1989) (Italian title: Oltre la morte, a.k.a. After Death)
Zombie 5: Killing Birds (1987) (Italian title: Uccelli assassini, a.k.a. Killing Birds)
In the 1990s, several unrelated titles were released as Zombie sequels by T-Z Video (a.k.a. Edde Entertainment).These titles were as follows:
Zombie (1979) (original Italian title: Zombi 2)
Zombie 2 (1988) (original Italian title: Zombi 3)
Zombie 3: Return of the Zombies (1973) (original Spanish title: La orgía de los muertos, a.k.a. The Hanging Woman, starring Paul Naschy and directed by José Luis Merino)
Zombie 4: A Virgin Among the Living Dead (1973) (original French title: Christina, princesse de l'érotisme, directed by Jesús Franco, with additional scenes, directed by Jean Rollin, added for re-release in 1981)
Zombie 5: Revenge in the House of Usher (1982) (original Spanish title: El Hundimiento de la Casa Usher a.k.a. Revenge in the House of Usher, directed by Jesús Franco. The words "Zombie 5" were added to the video box only and were not included on the film print itself.)
Zombie 6: Monster Hunter (1981) (original title: Absurd, which is itself a pseudo-sequel to Joe D'Amato's Antropophagus)
Zombie 7 (1980) (original title: Antropophagus, a.k.a. The Grim Reaper)
Other films
Let Sleeping Corpses Lie (1974) has also been released as Zombi 3.
Zombie Holocaust (1980), a.k.a. Doctor Butcher, M.D., has also been released as Zombie 3 – the film stars Ian McCulloch, who appeared in Zombi 2.
Hell of the Living Dead (1980), was also released as Zombi 4 and Zombi 5: Ultimate Nightmare.
Nightmare City (1980) has also been released as Zombi 3.
Andrea Bianchi's Le notti del terrore (1981), a.k.a. Burial Ground, has also been released as Zombie 3.
Oasis of the Zombies (1982), a.k.a. The Abyss of the Living Dead, was also released as Zombi VI.
Panic (1982), a.k.a. Bakterion, is known as Zombie 4 in Greece.
Pulgasari (1985), a North Korean film, was released in Pakistan under the title Zombi: The Communist Bull-Monster.
Andreas Schnaas' Zombie '90: Extreme Pestilence (1991), a.k.a. Zombie 2001: Battle Royale, has also been released as Zombi 7.
Zombie 1 (1995), a.k.a. Zombi 1, is a short film by Dutch director Richard Raaphorst available on the film anthology Nether Horror Collection.
Variant (2020), a short film directed by Joe Meredith, was also released as Zombie 8 and Zombie VIII: Variant.
References
Living Dead films
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zombi%20%28film%20series%29
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"Song for the Lonely" (originally titled "(This is) A Song for the Lonely") is a song by American singer Cher from her twenty-fourth studio album, Living Proof (2001). It was written by Mark Taylor, Paul Barry and Steve Torch, and produced by Taylor. It released on March 19, 2002, as the second international single from the album, while in North America it was released as the lead single, by Warner Bros. Records and WEA. "Song for the Lonely" is a dance-pop song which was initially written as a love song, but after the September 11 attacks, Cher eventually saw it in a different way.
"Song for the Lonely" was met with positive reviews, with music commentators complimenting its heartfelt lyrics and beat. Commercially, the song was a disappointment on the US Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number 85, but it topped the Dance/Electronic Singles Sales and the Dance Club Songs charts. It also reached the top forty in The Czech Republic and Romania. The accompanying music video for "Song for the Lonely" was recorded in New York City under the direction of Stu Maschwitz, and depicts Cher walking through the streets of the city since the 18th century until the modern days, while she is joined by several people from those times. To promote the song, Cher performed it on the American Music Awards of 2002, The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, and later included it on the setlists of her Living Proof: The Farewell Tour (2002–05) and her concert residency Cher (2008–11).
Background and release
Cher recorded "Song for the Lonely" in the summer of 2001 in London and intended to include it on her twenty-fourth studio album Living Proof (2001), and it immediately became her favorite song from the album. However, after the September 11 attacks, she began thinking of it in a different way. In an interview with Larry King Live she said that after the attacks, she was listening to the album and when the track began, all of a sudden it took on a completely different meaning for her, especially because of the "when heroes fall in love and war, they live forever" lyric. Cher commented that "Song for the Lonely" was one of the best tracks she has ever had the opportunity to sing, because according to her, "we still lived in a world of innocence" before the attacks. According to the album liner notes, "Song for the Lonely" is "dedicated to the courageous people of New York especially the fire fighters, the police, Mayor Giuliani, Governor Pataki and my friend Liz".
Since its release, the public's reaction to "Song for the Lonely" had been positive. James Lonten, manager of a Borders Books & Music store in New York City, which had been stocking Living Proof since its European release, commented, "That goes without saying. We play the track in-store, and it literally stops people dead in their tracks. It's an instantly affecting, highly emotional song". John Boulos, senior vice-president of promotion at Warner Bros. Records, commented that they were not exploiting the September 11 attacks as a selling point to the single, but it had drawn the interest of people. "We simply feel that we have an incredible song by a truly legendary artist. That's a pretty potent combination to take it to the street", he said. "Song for the Lonely" served as the lead American single from Living Proof, being released on March 19, 2002. In the European and international editions of Living Proof, it is listed as "(This Is) A Song for the Lonely".
Composition
"Song for the Lonely" is a guitar-laden dance-pop song. Mark Taylor and Paul Barry, who also worked on her previous hit single "Believe" (1998), wrote the track, "giving the song a frenetic, knee-bobbing urgency that will wash the gray out of any winter day", according to Billboards Chuck Taylor. The music commentator also noted that the lack of vocoder, which had become a signature on Cher's songs, allowed Cher to "foster a grin" with opening notes, until the song reaches the chorus – which Taylor said it was one of the cathiest since Hanson's "MMMBop" (1997) – and "explodes into a rhythmic tantrum". When Cher recorded the track, she thought of it as a love song, but after the September 11 attacks, the singer felt the song was right for the occasion. "Since the world has changed so dramatically, the lyrics have a different weight. They're heavier, yet they're comforting at the same time. Over the past month or so, I've had a number of people tell me that the song has helped them cope. What a humbling compliment", she commented. Tony Peregrin from PopMatters noted that the song delivers "a message that is achingly emotional and somber".
Critical reception
"Song for the Lonely" received generally positive reviews from music critics. While reviewing Living Proof, Billboards Michael Paoletta commented that the song was "an empowering jam that deserves to rock the world just as 'Believe' did". In a separate review for the single, Chuck Taylor from the same magazine opined that "anyone who thought 'Believe' was merely a stroke of good fortune on Cher's mile-long scorecard will be singing a different tune after one spin of the life-affirming '(This Is) A Song for the Lonely '", because "this track is so good, in fact, that it's up for debate as to whether it actually tops that previous winner". He finished his review by writing that "Boy, is "Song for the Lonely" ever an elixir for whatever ails you, a joyous romp with such mass appeal that its destination at the top of the charts seems a given".
Kerry L. Smith from AllMusic praised the song, saying, "Cher takes a brief break from her inquisitiveness about love to dedicate the bold, heartfelt opening track, in honor of the September 11th tragedy, 'Song for the Lonely'". Barry Walters of Rolling Stone also agreed by writing that it "clearly intends to evoke September 11th", adding that "coming from a willfully wiggy billion-dollar diva, this noble stuff feels calculated, particularly when it's presented in such a sparkling, showbizzy package". Metro Weeklys Gordon Ashenhurst called it a "rousing lead single", while Sal Cinquemani from Slant Magazine noted that it "wisely abandons such (otherwise welcomed) electronic shenanigans for a pure and impassioned performance". Tony Peregrin of PopMatters deemed the song "an infectious, energetic track that rides the waves of predictable synth pads and pulsating beats".
Commercial performance
In the United States, "Song for the Lonely" debuted at its peak of number 85 on the Billboard Hot 100, on the issue dated April 6, 2002. It additionally spent six weeks inside the chart. The song attained better positions in other component charts, such as topping both the Dance/Electronic Singles Sales and the Dance Club Songs charts, as well as peaking within the top 20 on the Adult Contemporary chart, and peaking in the top 40 on the Adult Top 40 and Mainstream Top 40. "Song for the Lonely" also reached number 18 on the digital charts in Canada, and although the song was only released in North America, it reached number 39 in Romania.
Music video
The accompanying music video for "Song for the Lonely" was directed by Stu Maschwitz, and was filmed in the streets of New York City in December 2001. A first-time director and an architecture enthusiast, Maschwitz sent Warner Bros. Records an idea for the video, featuring a Cher-guided tour through New York City's history, exemplified by a multiple reverse-timelapses of some of the great buildings of the city rising up before the viewer's eyes. After receiving news that he got the job following the singer's personal liking for the project, they would start filming the following weeks. The crew received special permission from Mayor Rudy Giuliani's office for live audio playback in the streets of Manhattan, a practice that had recently been outlawed.
Cher had done her own makeup, as her makeup artist Kevyn Aucoin was nowhere to be found due to his struggling with a terminal illness. At one point of the shooting, they needed to cover some parts of the streets with big, loud smoke machines. As the attacks were still a fresh and painful memory for the citizens, complaints about the smoke started coming in. The police officer manning the intersection gave word that they would have to shut down their atmospheric effects, but they still had one more shot. The director solved this by taking Cher and the script supervisor's camera, and autographing a polaroid to the cop, to continue the last smoked-up shooting.
The video starts in sepia tone, featuring Cher walking around the streets of New York City. While the setting for the start of the video is in the 18th century, the singer is dressed in modern-day clothes. The video progresses to black and white, and then to color, as the times for the setting of the video change to the 19th century through various eras to the 20th century. As the timeline changes, buildings around New York are shown being constructed. The video is intercept with shots of Cher dressed in white, which is overlaid in some shots, as well as shots of New York City from the air. People from each stage of the development of the city join Cher as she walks the streets until at the end, there is a large crowd of people from all eras. In 2002, the video was released on VHS to serve as promotion in the United States. An alternative version for the video for "Song for the Lonely" was included on the DVD The Very Best of Cher: The Video Hits Collection (2004).
Live performances
In order to promote the song and its accompanying album, Cher made a number of performances for "Song for the Lonely". She opened the 2002 American Music Awards on January 9, 2002 with a performance of the song, accompanied by dancers and wearing a blonde wig. She also appeared on The Rosie O'Donnell Show, The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, The Oprah Winfrey Show, Late Show with David Letterman and VH1 Divas promoting the song. It was later added to Cher's 2002–05 Living Proof: The Farewell Tour setlist. During the first four legs of the tour, as the second song on the setlist; the performance for the song began when the singer's back-up dancers removed her headdress and robe to unveil a revealing midriff-baring vest and beaded harem pants. After dropping it for five legs, the song was re-added only on the last show at Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles on May 2, 2005, where it was used as tour finale. Cher also performed the song on the 2008–11 concert residency Cher, held at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas, Nevada but only for a couple of weeks.
Usage in media
In 2005, "Song for the Lonely" was used internationally in television advertisements for Weight Watchers showing overweight women. However, the choice of song, suggesting that the overweight women were desperate, lonely and unloved, raised complaints, and the advert was soon edited to include only the instrumental of the song. "Song for the Lonely" was also included in the jukebox musical The Cher Show (2018). A recording of the song appears in the Broadway musical Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson.
Track listing
US CD maxi single
"Song for the Lonely" (Almighty Mix) – 8:46
"Song for the Lonely" (Illicit Vocal Mix) – 8:09
"Song for the Lonely" (Thunderpuss Club Mix) – 8:43
"Song for the Lonely" (Thunderpuss Sunrise Mix) – 8:25
"Song for the Lonely" (Almighty Radio Mix) – 3:34
"Song for the Lonely" (Illicit Radio Edit) – 3:51
"Song for the Lonely" (Thunderpuss Radio Edit) – 4:06
Digital download
"Song for the Lonely" (Almighty Radio Mix) – 3:34
"Song for the Lonely" (Illicit Radio Edit) – 3:51
"Song for the Lonely" (Thunderpuss Radio Edit) – 4:06
Credits and personnel
Credits adapted from Living Proof and CD maxi single liner notes.
Cher – vocals
Mark Taylor – songwriter, producer, mixing
Paul Barry – songwriter, guitar
Steve Torch – songwriter
Tracer Ackerman – background vocals
Adam Phillips – guitar
Jong uk Yoon – assistant
Christian Saint Val – assistant
Neil Tucker – assistant
SMOG Design, Inc. – art direction, design
Barrie Goshko – art direction
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
See also
List of number-one dance singles of 2002 (U.S.)
Notes
References
External links
Cher.com
Cher songs
2002 singles
2001 songs
Music about the September 11 attacks
Songs written by Mark Taylor (record producer)
Songs about loneliness
Songs written by Paul Barry (songwriter)
Song recordings produced by Mark Taylor (record producer)
Songs written by Steve Torch
Rudy Giuliani
Warner Music Group singles
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song%20for%20the%20Lonely
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