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# Pull the Pin
## Reception
### Critical response {#critical_response}
*Pull the Pin* received generally mixed to negative reviews. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album has received an average score of 46, based on 12 reviews. Contrasting with the negative reviews however, *NME* -- who have been critical of the band\'s past albums -- contributor Paul McNamee praised the album, stating it lives up as a successor album to *Language. Sex. Violence. Other?* and summarised it as \"an unapologetic rock'n'roll record by a band who are hard to like but impossible to ignore.\"
In the negative, Sonja D\'Cruze from the BBC summarised the album as having \"no real depth, imagination or anything to connect with.\" Dorian Lynskey of The Guardian criticised the album, saying \"the only things worse than Kelly Jones\'s aggrieved bellow and flatpack songwriting are his lyrics\" and compared them to someone \"performing brain surgery in boxing gloves: the patient always dies.\" Pitchfork contributor Ian Cohen also criticised Jones\' lyrical content and said the rock genre of the album was different by having \"no sex, no spark.\" Cpt H.M. \'Howling Mad\' Murdock from Drowned in Sound was negative toward Jones\' vocals by calling them \"least-sincere\" and compared them to \"as if a diseased cat's being garrotted in his throat.\" He summarised the album as: \"\... absolutely without spark and wholly forgettable.\"
### Commercial performance {#commercial_performance}
The album reached number one in the UK, becoming the band\'s fifth consecutive studio album to do so. Despite this, record sales were at an all-time low for the band, receiving only a gold certification for sales over 200,000 copies. The album didn\'t fare well outside of the UK either. In Ireland the record reached number fifteen, breaking the band\'s three number-one albums streak
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# Abraham Moss
**Abraham Moss** (1898 or 1899- 20 June 1964) was the Lord Mayor of Manchester from 1953 to 1954. He was born in Manchester to Romanian Jewish parents, his father was Hasid and a Talmudic scholar. He was educated at Salford Grammar School. He married Doris Lewis in 1935. He was first elected to Manchester City Council in 1929. He worked in the textile trade but he focussed heavily on education and an elected councillor.
He was made a Justice of the peace in 1943 and an Alderman in 1946. In 1949 he liaised with Jewish organisation in the United States. He was made Master of Arts Honoris causa by University of Manchester in 1952. He died of a heart attack just days after being elected President of the Board of Deputies of British Jews, having been vice president for the proceeding 8 years.
Abraham Moss tram stop, Abraham Moss Community School and a combined leisure centre and library are named in his honour
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# Adam Rayner
**Adam Rayner** (born 1977) is an English actor. He is known for television roles including: Dominic Montgomery in *Mistresses*, Dr. Steve Shaw in *Hawthorne*, Aidan Marsh in *Hunted*, Bassam \"Barry\" Al-Fayeed in *Tyrant*, and Tal-Rho in *Superman & Lois*. He has also appeared on stage in *The Rivals* (Bristol Old Vic, 2004), *Romeo and Juliet* (Royal Shakespeare Theatre, 2006), and *Much Ado About Nothing* (Novello, 2006).
## Career
Rayner studied at Durham University and after graduating completed a two-year acting course at LAMDA.
He made an appearance as \'Dr. Gail\' in the 2010 Christmas Special \'The Perfect Christmas\' episode of the BBC sitcom *Miranda* alongside regulars Sally Phillips, Miranda Hart, Tom Ellis, Sarah Hadland and Patricia Hodge, and his character returned in the fourth episode of the third series, titled \"Je Regret Nothing\".
In November 2012, it was announced that Rayner was cast as Simon Templar in a pilot for a new television series of The Saint, based on the character. Principal photography began on Monday, 17 December 2012 in Pacific Palisades, California. Executive producer Roger Moore was unable to sell the pilot. It was ultimately released in 2017 following Moore\'s death.
Rayner was cast as the lead in the FX television series, *Tyrant*, which ran from June 2014 to September 2016. In 2021, Rayner was cast as Morgan Edge / Tal-Rho in the superhero drama television series *Superman & Lois*.
In August 2022, it was announced that Rayner was cast in a new, main role for the third season of Max television series *Warrior*.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Rayner\'s mother is American and his father is English and also holds a dual citizenship for the United Kingdom and the United States. He married actress Lucy Brown, on New Year\'s Eve 2015. They have a son together, Jack, born 28 December 2014, and a daughter, Annie Rose, born 11 July 2017.
## Filmography
### Film
Year Title Role Notes
------ ---------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------- ------------
2003 *`{{sortname|The|Goodbye Plane|nolink=1}}`{=mediawiki}* Leonard aged 20 Short film
2004 *`{{sortname|The|Rivals|nolink=1}}`{=mediawiki}* Captain Jack Absolute
2005 *RedMeansGo* Sam
2006 *Love and Other Disasters* Tom / Fantasy David
2007 *Straightheads* Jago
*Steel Trap* Adam
2011 *`{{sortname|The|Task|dab=film}}`{=mediawiki}* Taylor
2015 *Tracers* Miller
2021 *Everything I Ever Wanted to Tell My Daughter About Men* Campbell Scott
### Television
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
+============+===============================================================+=====================================================+============================================================+
| 2003 | *At Home with the Braithwaites* | Nick Bottomley | 6 episodes |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2004 | *Making Waves* | Lt. Sam Quartermaine | Episode: \"Episode 2\" |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2005 | *Vincent* | James O\'Connor | Episode: \"The Prodigal Son\" |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2005, 2007 | *Sensitive Skin* | Greg | 3 episodes |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2006 | *`{{sortname|The|Line of Beauty|dab=TV series}}`{=mediawiki}* | Ricky | Miniseries; episode: \"To Whom Do You Beautifully Belong\" |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2008--2010 | *Mistresses* | Dominic Montgomery | Main role; 16 episodes |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2008 | *Doctor Who* | Roger Curbishley | Episode: \"The Unicorn and the Wasp\" |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2010 | *Abroad* | Edward Walpole | Television film |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2010--2011 | *Hawthorne* | Dr. Steve Shaw | Main role (seasons 2--3); 20 episodes |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2010, 2013 | *Miranda* | Dr
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# 2004–05 Australian region cyclone season
The **2004--05 Australian region cyclone season** was a slightly below average tropical cyclone season. It began on 1 November 2004 and ended on 30 April 2005. The regional tropical cyclone operational plan also defines a *tropical cyclone year* separately from a *tropical cyclone season*, which runs from 1 July 2004 to 30 June 2005.
Tropical cyclones in this area are monitored by four Tropical Cyclone Warning Centres (TCWCs): the Australian Bureau of Meteorology in Perth, Darwin, and Brisbane; and TCWC Port Moresby in Papua New Guinea.
\_\_TOC\_\_ {{-}}
## Systems
### Tropical Cyclone Phoebe {#tropical_cyclone_phoebe}
On 30 August, an area of low pressure developed near the edge of Météo-France\'s area of responsibility within an unseasonably active monsoonal band which coincided with the Madden--Julian oscillation. Tracking towards the southeast, the low experience strong deep-level wind shear which kept most of the convection displaced from the center of circulation. On 31 August, convection managed to develop around the west and southwestern portions of the low before and was designated as Tropical Depression 01. The depression reached its peak intensity at this time with winds of 55 km/h 10-minute winds) and a minimum pressure of 999 hPa (mbar). The system moved southeast and entered the Perth Tropical Cyclone Warning Centre\'s area of responsibility on 1 September.
The system was upgraded to Tropical Cyclone Phoebe early on 2 September when it was about 800 km west-northwest of the Cocos Islands. Phoebe quickly reached its peak strength that day, with winds of 85 km/h, as it continued to move to the southeast. The cyclone weakened as it moved over cooler water and dissipated about 550 km from the Cocos Islands. Phoebe posed no threat to any land. {{-}}
### Tropical Low (05S) {#tropical_low_05s}
A tropical low developed in the Perth AOR on 2 December near the coast of Java. According to Perth, the storm had a maximum sustained winds of 30 kn, while the JTWC assigned the storm peak sustained winds of 35 kn and classifying it as a tropical storm. {{-}}
### Tropical Cyclone Raymond {#tropical_cyclone_raymond}
A tropical low developed from an area of convection of the Western Australia coast on 30 December. The system drifted southeast, then turned to the northeast over the following days without significant development. The low began to drift to the southeast again on 1 January and the convection began to increase, with it becoming Tropical Cyclone Raymond on 2 January, when it was 460 km north-northeast of Broome.
The cyclone peaked with 85 km/h winds as it moved east, and made landfall as a Category 1 cyclone just west of Kalumburu the same day. The cyclone weakened over land, and the remnant low continued east over the Northern Territory, entering the Gulf of Carpentaria on 5 January. The low reversed direction and dissipated by 10 January. Cyclone Raymond caused no damage, but brought the first heavy rain of the season to northern Kimberley. {{-}}
### Tropical Cyclone Sally {#tropical_cyclone_sally}
A area of convection began to develop 930 km west-southwest of Jakarta on 6 January, becoming a tropical low the next day. The low intensified as it drifted south and was named Sally 370 km east-southeast of the Cocos Islands on 8 January. Cyclone Sally slowly moved to the southwest, under the influence of a mid-level ridge to the southeast, reaching its peak with 95 km/h winds on 9 January. The storm then rapidly weakened as a result of the presence of dry air and increased wind shear, before dissipating early on 10 January 460 km west-southwest of the Cocos Islands. Cyclone Sally had no effects on land. {{-}}
### Severe Tropical Cyclone Kerry {#severe_tropical_cyclone_kerry}
Tropical Cyclone Kerry developed from Tropical Depression 5F on 5 January in RSMC Nadi\'s Area of Responsibility, 585 km northeast of Port Vila, Vanuatu. Kerry moved to the southwest with 75 km/h winds as it moved over Vanuatu. Once past the island, Kerry moved on a west-southwest course and it began to intensify after turning to the west. The storm reached a peak intensity of 160 km/h before turning towards the south-southeast. The storm began to weaken under vertical shear and was downgraded to a depression on 13 January. {{-}}
### Tropical Low (10S) {#tropical_low_10s}
On 12 January the Perth Meteorological Center issued a TCF and the JTWC followed suit and they named the Low 10S. {{-}}
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# 2004–05 Australian region cyclone season
## Systems
### Tropical Cyclone Tim {#tropical_cyclone_tim}
A tropical low located about 930 km north of Learmonth, Western Australia began to develop a deeper convection on 23 January, despite being beneath the subtropical ridge. The low became Tropical Cyclone Tim the next day, when it was 700 km southeast of Christmas Island. Tim moved slowly to the southwest, as a result of steering from an anticyclone to the southeast. The storm reached briefly reached a peak with wind of 85 km/h late on 23 January. Tim lost tropical cyclone status on 25 January to 470 km south-west of Christmas Island and the remnant continued west before dissipating. There was no damage as a result of Cyclone Tim. {{-}}
### Severe Tropical Cyclone Harvey {#severe_tropical_cyclone_harvey}
The Bureau of Meteorology began monitoring a tropical low off Groote Eylandt in the Gulf of Carpentaria on 3 February 2005. The low intensified and was named Harvey three days later. The storm made landfall near the Queensland/Northern Territory border on 7 February as a Category 3 (Australian scale) system. Minor structural damage was reported along the Robinson River and Mornington Island was battered by high winds and heavy rain, however no casualties were reported.
- [Significant weather summary](http://www.bom.gov.au/inside/services_policy/public/sigwxsum/sigw0205.shtml) from the Bureau of Meteorology Australia.
{{-}}
### Tropical Cyclone Vivienne {#tropical_cyclone_vivienne}
A tropical low developed within the monsoon trough about 550 km northwest of Broome, Western Australia on 4 February. The low gradually became more organized as it drifted slowly to the southwest, but did not intensify until it became Tropical Cyclone Vivienne on 8 February. The cyclone peaked with 65 km/h winds and remained near stationary, before dissipating later that day. Oil and gas production in the Timor Sea was disrupted by Cyclone Vivienne. {{-}}
### Severe Tropical Cyclone Ingrid {#severe_tropical_cyclone_ingrid}
A tropical low formed north of the Gulf of Carpentaria on 3 March, before crossing the Cape York Peninsula and into the Coral Sea. The tropical low intensified into a tropical cyclone, named Ingrid, on 6 March and rapidly intensified into a severe tropical cyclone later that day, peaking as a category 5 with 10-minute sustained winds of 220 km/h on 8 March. After peaking, Ingrid weakened to a category 4, making landfall on the Cape York Peninsula late on 9 March before emerging once again into the Gulf of Carpentaria. In the Gulf, Ingrid once again rapidly intensified, achieving its second and strongest peak on 11 March with winds of 230 km/h and a pressure of 924 hPa. The system passed just north of Nhulunbuy the next day, maintaining its intensity as it traveled north of the Top End. Ingrid then weakened before striking the Tiwi Islands. After moving over water, Ingrid once again reintensified, achieving its final peak with winds of 185 km/h on 15 March. Later that day, Ingrid made its final landfall near Kalumburu on the Kimberley coast and rapidly weakened, falling below cyclone status on 17 March.
### Severe Tropical Cyclone Willy {#severe_tropical_cyclone_willy}
A tropical low began to develop on 8 March 830 km north of Port Hedland, Western Australia. The low did not move as it developed and became Tropical Cyclone Willy in the same area. Willy moved slowly west-southwest, roughly parallel to the Australian coast, strengthening steadily in the favourable environment. It reached its peak with 140 km/h winds on 11 March when it was 550 km northwest of Onslow.
Cyclone Willy then turned to the southwest and maintained its strength for a day before it began to weaken. The storm turned to the west and weakened into a remnant low on 14 March. The remnant continued to drift west away from Australia before dissipating a few days later. Oil production in the Timor Sea was disrupted by Cyclone Willy, but there were no effects on land. {{-}}
### Severe Tropical Cyclone Adeline-Juliet {#severe_tropical_cyclone_adeline_juliet}
A tropical low formed roughly 710 km east-northeast of the Cocos Islands on 1 April. The system developed moved southwest towards the Cocos Islands and became Tropical Cyclone Juliet on 3 April, when it was 45 km east of the islands. The system steadily intensified as it moved west, becoming a severe tropical cyclone on 4 April. Cyclone Adeline crossed into Réunion\'s area of responsibility on 5 April, by which time it had 140 km/h winds.
Météo-France renamed the storm Juliet when they assumed responsibility for the cyclone, as it passed west of 90°E. Cyclone Adeline triggered gale warnings on the Cocos Islands, where 160 mm of rain fell in one day. The storm caused minor damage and uprooted trees on the islands. {{-}}
### Tropical Low 11U {#tropical_low_11u}
During 12 April a tropical low developed within the northern Arafura Sea. Over the next couple of days the system moved eastwards, with deep atmospheric convection developing over the western quadrants by 15 April. By this time the system was located about 100 km to the southwest of Port Moresby in Papua New Guinea and was producing gales and rough seas around Papua New Guinea. The system subsequently approached and interacted with south-eastern Papua New Guinea, before it moved into an area of increasing vertical wind shear and started weakening. The system was last formally noted during that day before it dissipated a few days later.
## Storm names {#storm_names}
**TCWC Perth**
- Phoebe
- Raymond
- Sally
- Tim
- Vivienne
- Willy
- Adeline
**TCWC Brisbane**
- Harvey
- Ingrid
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# 2004–05 Australian region cyclone season
## Seasonal effects {#seasonal_effects}
\|- \| Phoebe \|\| `{{sort|20040901|1 — 5 September}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|A1}}`{=mediawiki}\|Category 1 tropical cyclone \|\| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|A1}}`{=mediawiki}\|45 kn \|\| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|A1}}`{=mediawiki}\|990 hPa \|\| None \|\| `{{sort|0|None}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| `{{sort|0|None}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| \|- \| 05S \|\| 3--5 December \|\| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|TL}}`{=mediawiki}\|Tropical low \|\| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|TL}}`{=mediawiki}\|35 mph \| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|TL}}`{=mediawiki}\|998 hPa \|\| Indonesia \|\| `{{sort|0|None}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| `{{sort|0|None}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| \|- \| Raymond \|\| `{{sort|20040901|30 December – 10 January}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|A1}}`{=mediawiki}\|Category 1 tropical cyclone \|\| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|A1}}`{=mediawiki}\| 45 kn \|\| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|A1}}`{=mediawiki}\|985 hPa \|\| Western Australia, Northern Territory \|\| `{{sort|0|None}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| `{{sort|0|None}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| \|- \| Sally \|\| `{{sort|20060117|6 - 10 January 2005}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|A2}}`{=mediawiki}\|`{{Sort|3|Category 2 tropical cyclone}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|A2}}`{=mediawiki}\|50 kn \|\| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|A2}}`{=mediawiki}\|985 hPa \|\| None \|\| `{{sort|0|None}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| `{{sort|0|None}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| \|- \| Kerry \| 8--13 January \| `{{TC stats cell format|auscat3}}`{=mediawiki} \| `{{TC stats desc|auscat3}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|A3}}`{=mediawiki} \|90 mph \| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|A3}}`{=mediawiki} \|955 hPa \|\| None \|\| `{{sort|0|None}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| `{{sort|0|None}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| \|- \| 10S \|\| 11--17 January \|\| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|TL}}`{=mediawiki}\|Tropical Low \|\| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|TL}}`{=mediawiki}\|35 mph \|\| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|TL}}`{=mediawiki}\|998 hPa \|\| None \|\| `{{sort|0|None}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| `{{sort|0|None}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| \|- \| Tim \|\| `{{sort|20050122|22 – 25 January}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|A1}}`{=mediawiki}\|Category 1 tropical cyclone \|\| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|A1}}`{=mediawiki}\|45 kn \|\| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|A1}}`{=mediawiki}\| 990 hPa \|\| None \|\| `{{sort|0|None}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| `{{sort|0|None}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| \|- \| Harvey \| 3--8 February \| `{{TC stats cell format|auscat3}}`{=mediawiki} \| `{{TC stats desc|auscat3}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|A3}}`{=mediawiki} \|140 km/h \| bgcolor=#`{{storm colour|A3}}`{=mediawiki} \|967 hPa \| Northern Territory, Queensland \|\| 0
| 241 |
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11,019,778 |
# Theodore Prodromos
**Theodore Prodromos** or **Prodromus** (*Θεόδωρος Πρόδρομος*; c. 1100), probably also the same person as the so-called **Ptochoprodromos** (Πτωχοπρόδρομος \"Poor Prodromos\"), was a Byzantine Greek writer, well known for his prose and poetry.
## Biography
Very little is known about his life. Further developing a genre begun by Nicholas Kallikles, he wrote many occasional poems for a widespread circle of patrons at the Byzantine court. Some of the literary pieces attributed to him are unpublished, while still others may be wrongly attributed to him. Even so, there does emerge from these writings the figure of an author in reduced circumstances, with a marked inclination towards begging, who was in close touch with the court circles during the reigns of John II Komnenos (1118--1143) and Manuel I Komnenos (1143--1180). He was given a prebend by Manuel I, and he ended his life as a monk. Despite the panegyric and conventional treatment, his writings, often produced on some public occasion, provide important information on many aspects of contemporary Byzantine history. There is a strongly satirical vein in his works, which range from epigrams and dialogues to letters and occasional pieces in both prose and verse. He had a biting sense of humour, and his comments are shrewd and pithy.
## Works in literary language {#works_in_literary_language}
The literary activity of Theodore Prodromos was vast and versatile, and there survive many of his writings in the literary Byzantine Greek language. Taking example by Heliodorus of Emesa\'s *Aethiopica*, he wrote a novel in verse, *Rhodanthe and Dosikles* (*Τὰ κατὰ Ῥοδάνθην καὶ Δοσικλέα*) in 9 books. The *Battle of Cats and Mice* (Κατομυομαχία) is a parody drama of the classical Greek tragedies, with dramatic roles for the mice. The action takes place off stage, and is related in two speeches by the messenger. A *deus ex machina* saves the mice from the housecat in the end. He also wrote \"Iambic and Dactyllic Quatrains on 293 Biblical Verses\". The iambic quatrains are in the Vulgar Greek, and the Dactyllic quatrains are in the Homeric Greek. He also wrote two satirical poems, one against a lustful old woman (*Κατὰ φιλοπόρνου γραός*), and the other against an old bearded man (*Κατὰ μακρογενείου γέροντος*). There also survives an astrological poem on the power and meaning of planets. The *Verses on the Twelve Months* (*Στίχοι εἰς τοὺς δώδεκα μῆνας*) are important for contemporary cultural history. Prodromos also wrote numerous occasional poems and epigrams, often on the occasion of some public event of historical significance, or for the purpose of begging for something; a few religious poems and treatises on the topics of theology, philosophy and grammar; dialogues written in the style of Lucian of Samosata; a hagiography of Saint Meletios the Younger; occasional speeches, epistles and many other writings.
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# Theodore Prodromos
## Ptochoprodromos
One collection of four poems, written in the vernacular, has passed down to us under the name of \"*Ptōchopródromos*\", however it has still not been established with certainty whether these poems were written by him or by someone who was imitating, or possibly even parodying, the true Theodore Prodromos. An attempt was made at resolving the problem of authorship by putting forward a hypothesis that there had actually been two poets of the same name. The evidence was found in one verse among the Ptochoprodromic writings, where the author praises the *\"famous writer, harmonious swallow\"*, who was his *\"friend and predecessor\"*. However, in distinguishing which poems belong to whom of the two poets, one comes across the unsurpassable obstacles. It was also suggested, without much evidence, that one Prodromos died in 1152, and the other in 1166.
The basic part of the Ptochoprodromic writings consists of five laments and begging poems, which are marked as ABCDE. The poem A laments over the poet\'s garrulous wife and calls for help from emperor John II Komnenos (r. 1118--1143). The poem B is addressed to a *sebastokrator* and begs for charity to improve the menu. The poem C, addressed to emperor Manuel I Komnenos (r. 1143--1180), relates a young monk\'s complaint over scandalous living circumstances in his monastery. The poem D is only a parallel of the poem C. The poem E describes a Byzantine writer.
The manuscripts signify that the author of these poems is a Prodromos, Theodore Prodromos etc. with further variations. One manuscript of the monastic satire (C) signifies that the author is Hilarion (Ptocho)prodromos, and this name is found again in the poem D. This name has always been identified with the famous novelist, poet and writer Theodore Prodromos, who wrote in purist Byzantine Greek. The bilingualism is not all that surprising, as it is already found in the writings of Michael Glykas. However, many scholars think that neither the monastic satire (C) nor the satire on the writer (E) can be reconciled with the life of Theodore Prodromos. Others suggest that Hilarion was Theodore\'s son, ascribing the wrong authorship references in the manuscripts to the later copyists. However, no evidence has been found to support this hypothesis
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# Free Hands
**Free Hands** is the name of Emmett Chapman\'s two-handed tapping method of parallel hands used on his Chapman Stick instrument, and on several other Stick-inspired instruments. Chapman first published his tapping lessons in book form in 1976, and called his method book *Free Hands: A New Discipline of Fingers on Strings*.
Chapman\'s method of tapping was the first to facilitate equal access to the strings by aligning the right hand\'s fingers parallel to the frets, the same orientation as the left hand\'s, but coming from over the neck instead of under.
## Guitarists
Notable guitarists that frequently utilize Free Hands or a similar technique include:
- Enver İzmaylov
- Andy McKee
- Zack Kim
- Stanley Jordan
- Adam Fulara
- T.J
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11,019,803 |
# John Rostek
**John Rostek** (November 12, 1925 -- December 29, 1969) was a NASCAR driver from Fort Collins, Colorado. Despite racing in just six Grand National (now the NASCAR Cup Series) events in his career, Rostek earned one victory, one pole and three top tens.
Five of his six races came in 1960, when Rostek made his NASCAR debut at the Daytona 500 Qualifier #2. However, a crash on the fifth lap would cause Rostek to retire from the race, finishing 39th and missing the Daytona 500. In his next race at the Arizona State Fairgrounds in Phoenix, Rostek took the lead midway through the event, led 58 laps and won his first NASCAR Grand National race. Rostek followed his win with two top ten finishes, finishing third at Marchbanks Speedway and seventh at Montgomery Air Base after leading seven laps and starting on the pole.
Rostek\'s final Grand National race came in 1963, racing at the Riverside International Raceway. Starting 27th in the forty-four car field, Rostek appeared poised for another top-ten finish before a late crash sidelined him to 16th.
Rostek was the first NASCAR driver using the No. 19 to win a Grand National event
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11,019,805 |
# Festival Foods
**Festival Foods** is a family owned American supermarket chain that operates stores throughout Wisconsin. It was founded in 1946 by Paul and Jane Skogen as Skogan\'s IGA in Onalaska, Wisconsin, and is still owned by the Skogen family. Festival\'s private label brands are supplied by SuperValu.
## History
In 1946, Paul and Jane Skogen opened Skogen\'s IGA with just \$500. Paul\'s son, Dave Skogen, took over the company in 1976. In 1979, they acquired the Red Owl store in Holmen, Wisconsin. In 1991, Festival Foods opened their first store in Onalaska, Wisconsin, with the name licensed from Supervalu. In 2005, Dave Skogen was named \'Grocer of the Year\' by the Wisconsin Grocers Association, in recognition of his work with Festival Foods. In 2006, Dave\'s son Mark Skogen became CEO. In 2014, Mark Skogen was also named \'Grocer of the Year\' by the Wisconsin Grocers Association. In 2021 it was announced Festival Foods would open two more locations in the Milwaukee Area.
### Road sign controversy {#road_sign_controversy}
In December 2016, Festival was sued by Metcalfe Inc., which operates three grocery stores in Wisconsin, over the use of Festival\'s \"Road Sign Marks\", which both Festival and Metcalfe used to promote local products. Metcalfe accused Festival of \"intentional, deliberate and willful\" violations of trademark laws, since Metcalfe applied for a trademark on its \"Wisconsin Food Miles\" road sign as compared to Festival\'s \"Locally Grown\" road sign. Festival said that it would fight the suit.
### Weight violation and labeling error {#weight_violation_and_labeling_error}
In September 2019, Festival Foods was fined \$32,016 by a state agency`{{Which|date=November 2024}}`{=mediawiki} for labeling errors. The company had 39 weight violations and two labeling errors that the state Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection found in seven Wisconsin stores, based on legal documents filed in Eau Claire County Court.
## Subsidiaries
In 2010, Festival Foods purchased the Apple Creek Inn of De Pere, and renamed it **The Marq**. The Marq is a 550-seat banquet and catering facility. In 2013, Festival added a second Marq location in Suamico. On May 19, 2020, Festival announced the closure of the Marq due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
## Locations
- Appleton -- Darboy,
- Appleton -- Northland,
- Baraboo,
- Chippewa Falls,
- De Pere,
- Eau Claire -- Birch,
- Eau Claire -- Clairemont,
- Eau Claire -- Mall,
- Express Market by Festival Foods in Paddock Lake,
- Express Market by Festival Foods in Weston,
- Fond du Lac, Fort Atkinson,
- Green Bay -- East,
- Green Bay -- North,
- Green Bay -- West,
- Greenfield,
- Hales Corners,
- Hartford,
- Hudson,
- Holmen,
- Janesville,
- Kenosha,
- La Crosse -- Copeland,
- La Crosse -- Village,
- Madison,
- Manitowoc,
- Marshfield,
- Mauston,
- Menasha,
- Mount Pleasant,
- Neenah,
- New London,
- Onalaska,
- Oshkosh,
- Portage,
- Sheboygan,
- Somers,
- Stevens Point,
- Suamico,
- Training -- Sheboygan,
- Verona,
- Wausau,
- West Allis
## Corporate governance {#corporate_governance}
### Corporate headquarters {#corporate_headquarters}
In September 2015, Festival announced plans for a new corporate headquarters facility in De Pere, Wisconsin. Festival Foods also maintains a support office in Onalaska, Wisconsin.
### Charitable giving {#charitable_giving}
In 18 cities in Wisconsin, Festival Foods sponsors an annual fireworks show.
Festival Foods also hosts the Turkey Trot, a 2 and 5-mile walk/run that takes place on Thanksgiving in ten communities in Wisconsin. Proceeds from the event go to the YMCA and the Boys and Girls Clubs of America.
Festival Foods also sponsors the Green Bay Marathon, Lifest, and Grocers on the Green Golf Outing.
In 2021 Festival Foods partnered with Hormel Foods to donate 7,000 lbs of ham to help feed homeless people in Milwaukee
| 621 |
Festival Foods
| 0 |
11,019,806 |
# Umbilical cord ulceration and intestinal atresia
**Umbilical cord ulceration and intestinal atresia** is a rare congenital disease that results in intestinal atresia, umbilical cord ulceration and severe intrauterine haemorrhage. Only 15 cases have been reported to date, although recent studies suggest that the incidence rate of this disease may be higher than previously thought. A specific study established a clear link between intestinal atresia and umbilical cord ulceration after reporting five such cases at the time of publication
| 79 |
Umbilical cord ulceration and intestinal atresia
| 0 |
11,019,809 |
# Jay Nugent
**Jayson Nugent** (born 1972; also known as **Agent Jay**, and **Crazy Baldhead**) is a guitarist and DJ from New York who plays in the style of several Jamaican music genres.
Nugent\'s experiments with ska, reggae, rocksteady, dub music, and skinhead reggae came to be noticed through his work with Version City and Stubborn Records. Since 1997, Nugent has been a staple in the New York City ska community, playing backup for King Django, trading dub masters with Victor Rice, and playing in The Slackers. Other bands that featured Nugent\'s guitar work in the 1990s include: Agent 99, Stubborn All-Stars, Da Whole Thing, and Version City Rockers. In 2007, Nugent released the *Crazy Baldhead Has a Posse* CD, which he produced over a 10-year period, with guest musicians featured in every song.
Crazy Baldhead released *The Sound of \'69* in the fall of 2008. This album features re-interpretations of pop hits from 1969 in the style of Jamaican music of the time - that is, the raw, funk-influenced early reggae championed by producers such as Lee \"Scratch\" Perry and Harry J. In December 2013 Nugent released *Boots Embraces* after a successful crowd-funding campaign at [BigTunes](http://www.bigtun.es). The record features fellow members of the Slackers Dave Hillyard and Vic Ruggiero, and was mixed by Victor Axelrod. Most of the songs are written by Nugent, except \"Revolution.Stop,\" which is inspired by The Clash\'s \"Revolution Rock.\" The album cover states that \"Aria\" is written by J.S. Bach, but the song did not make the final cut. It is however available online.
## Discography
- Agent 99 - *Agent 99* Cassette EP/Demo (1994)
- Agent 99 - *The Biggest Boy* 7\" (1995)
- Stubborn All-Stars - *Open Season* (1995)
- Stubborn All-Stars - *Back With A New Batch* (1997
- *Stubborn Records Presents: Version City* (1997)
- Agent 99 - *Little Pieces: 1993-1995* (1998)
- Rocker T and Version City Rockers - *Nicer By The Hour* (1998)
- New York Ska-Jazz Ensemble - *Get This!* (1998)
- Stubborn All-Stars - *Nex Music* (1999)
- Victor Rice - *At Version City* (2000)
- Stubborn All-Stars - *At Version City* (2001)
- Version City - *Dub Clash* (2001)
- Crazy Baldhead - *Long Road/California* 10\" (2003)
- Crazy Baldhead - *Has A Posse 1997-2004* (Stubborn, 2004)
- The Slackers - *Peculiar* (2006)
- The Slackers - *The Boss Harmony Sessions* (2007)
- The Slackers - *Minha Menina* 7\" (2007)
- The Slackers - *Self Medication* (2008)
- Crazy Baldhead - *The Sound Of \'69* (2008)
- The Slackers - *Lost & Found* (2009)
- The Slackers - *Dreidel* 7\" (2009)
- The Slackers - *NYC Boat Cruise 2009* (Whatevski, digital only, 2009)
- The Slackers - *Slackfest NYC 2009* (Whatevski, digital only, 2009)
- The Slackers - *Holiday Party With\..
| 465 |
Jay Nugent
| 0 |
11,019,854 |
# Liam Hassett
**Liam Hassett** (born 1975 in Killorglin, County Kerry) is an Irish Gaelic footballer who has played for Laune Rangers and Dublin side St Anne\'s, and played at senior level for the Kerry county team between 1995 and 2005. Hassett captained Kerry to the All-Ireland SFC title in 1997. He won All-Ireland Under 21 Medals in 1995 and 1996 as captain. He also won an All-Ireland Club Championship with Laune Rangers in 1996.
He was a selector for the Kerry senior football team, under Éamonn Fitzmaurice
| 88 |
Liam Hassett
| 0 |
11,019,891 |
# Stephen Kennedy (actor)
**Stephen Kennedy** (born 17 June 1970) is a Northern Irish actor from County Tyrone. He was educated at St. Colman\'s High School, Strabane. He is perhaps best known for his role in the BBC Radio 4 series *The Archers*, as Ian Craig. He has appeared on stage in *Tamburlaine* (2005), *The Birthday Party*, (2006), *The Agent* (2007), *Mother Courage and her Children at The National Theatre (2009)*. On television, he has appeared in *Ballykissangel*, *Father Ted*, *A Touch of Frost*, *The Hanging Gale*, *Making Waves* and, *The Lion King*. His film work includes a brief appearance in *Notes on a Scandal* (2006) and a lead role in the feature film adaptation of *The Agent* (2008).
In 2018, he was appointed actor-in-residence at Kingston Grammar School
| 129 |
Stephen Kennedy (actor)
| 0 |
11,019,930 |
# Federico Azcárate
**Federico Xavier Azcárate Ochoa** (born 15 June 1984) is an Argentine former footballer who played as a central defender.
## Club career {#club_career}
Born in Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Azcárate moved as a youngster to Spain, first representing lowly FC Cartagena. In 2003, he joined newly promoted club Real Murcia, but would only appear in a combined nine games over two seasons, the first spent in La Liga and the second in the second division.
From 2005 to 2007, Azcárate represented Atlético Madrid, but never made it past their reserves which competed in the third level. After spending an unassuming campaign in Greece with AEK Athens F.C. he returned to Spain, joining third-tier Polideportivo Ejido.
In 2010, after two seasons in Andalusia, Azcárate switched to another team in that league, CD Leganés. He was released at the end of 2011--12
| 142 |
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| 0 |
11,019,940 |
# Harry Gold (musician)
**Harry Gold** (26 February 1907 -- 13 November 2005), born **Hyman Goldberg**, was an English British Dixieland jazz saxophonist and bandleader.
## Biography
The eldest of six children, born to a Romanian mother, Hetty Schulman, and a Polish father, Sam Goldberg, Gold\'s career spanned almost the whole history of jazz in Britain in the 20th century. Born in Leytonstone, London, in 1907 and raised in the East End of London, he decided on a career in music after his father took him to see the Original Dixieland Jazz Band playing at the Hammersmith Palais during their famous visit to Britain in 1919--1920. He studied saxophone, clarinet, oboe and music theory under Louis Kimmel, a professor at the London College of Music, and began working professionally as a musician in the early 1920s. He played with the Metronomes, Vic Filmer, Geraldo, Ambrose and many other bands, but it was his tenure as a star tenor saxophonist with the nationally popular dance band of Roy Fox from 1932 to 1937 that brought him to wide public attention.
Playing plush London venues such as the Cafe Anglais and the Café de Paris, he watched, from the bandstand, the London nobility of the inter-war years -- including the Prince of Wales -- enjoying the high life. However, the contrasts in wealth and poverty that he saw reinforced his socialist convictions. From that time and through most of the rest of his career he was active in union activities and in efforts to promote the welfare of other musicians.
## Pieces of Eight {#pieces_of_eight}
In 1937, while working with Oscar Rabin, he formed a band within the Rabin orchestra, performing \"break sets\" as \"The Pieces of Eight\"; this continued throughout World War II, dodging bombs during the London Blitz and across the country. After the war, thanks to radio broadcasts, records and incessant touring, Harry Gold and his Pieces of Eight became household names in Britain through the late 1940s and 1950s.
In July 1945, Gold and his Pieces of Eight made the first of nearly 200 appearances on BBC radio. In December of the same year, the band recorded for the first time and from July 1946, they began regularly appearing on the BBC\'s "Music While You Work" radio show. The band were still making appearances on BBC radio in the 1990s.
In 1946, the group almost became one of the first British bands to perform on television, but their performance was not broadcast because Gold\'s black singer and trombonist, Geoff Love, sang a duet with the band\'s female white singer, Jane Lee. However, a performance at the 1947 Jazz Jamboree launched the Pieces of Eight to belated national prominence, and, in 1948, Harry Gold and his Pieces of Eight accompanied the singer and composer Hoagy Carmichael on a well-received tour of the UK.
Eventually, however, tired of touring, Gold handed over the band to his brother Laurie on New Year\'s Eve 1955 and opted for a quieter life as a composer-arranger, working for music publishers and later for the EMI organisation. But he continued to play, joining Dick Sudhalter\'s New Paul Whiteman Orchestra in London in the 1970s and eventually reforming his Pieces of Eight. The band was inspired by the Bob Crosby Bobcats and Laurie Gold by Eddie Miller.
In the 1980s the band toured East Germany three times. In 2000, he published his autobiography, *Gold, Doubloons and Pieces of Eight*, recalling eight decades as a working musician
| 580 |
Harry Gold (musician)
| 0 |
11,019,974 |
# Torryburn
**Torryburn** (previously called **Torry**/ **Torrie**) is a village and parish in Fife, Scotland, lying on the north shore of the Firth of Forth. It is one of a number of old port communities on this coast and at one point served as port for Dunfermline. It lies in the Bay of Torry in south western Fife.
The civil parish has a population of 1,587 (in 2011).
## History
The earliest mention of the village of Torry is in 1296 in relation to the church (rebuilt in 1800).
Lilias Adie is Fife\'s most famous victim of the witchcraft panic. She died in prison, it is presumed as a result of torture, and was buried on the shore at the village in 1704. Her resting place, under a huge sandstone slab to prevent the devil from gaining access, is the only known grave of an accused witch in Scotland, as the majority were burned.
Some of Adie\'s remains were dug up by grave robbers in 1852 and her skull was exhibited at various locations until it went missing in the middle of the last century. Old photographs of it were used in 2017 to construct a 3D virtual model showing the face of an older woman with a gentle demeanour.
Torryburn grew around coal mining in the 19th century. An early example of a colliery pumping engine designed by James Watt was set going here in 1778.
Edited from Westwood\'s Directory for the counties of Fife & Kinross published 1862: \"Torryburn parish is bounded by the Firth of Forth, Perthshire, Saline, Carnock and Dunfermline. It measures about 5 miles by 3. There are small piers at Crombie and Torryburn, but their importance is not so great as when they formed the port for Dunfermline. The village of Torryburn stands on the coast. A number of the inhabitants are weavers, producing damasks for Dunfermline and cotton goods for Glasgow. The parish church is at Torryburn, and there is a Free Church at Torry.\"
In 2013 the parish church was put up for sale.
## Miscellaneous
Craigflower Preparatory School was based at Craigflower House in Torryburn, from 1923 until its closure in 1979. Craigflower House is a protected (\"listed\") building.
Torry Bay is designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI). Intertidal mudflats are an important estuarine habitat for birds and thousands are attracted to the reserve every year. The apparent barrenness of the shore is deceiving. It has been estimated that one square metre of mud may contain up to 60,000 laver spire snails or thousands of ragworms. These invertebrates provide essential food for the birds that overwinter at Torry Bay. In the winter you can see large numbers of great crested grebe, shelduck, wigeon, curlew, redshank and dunlin. Others like sandwich tern, ringed plover, ruff and greenshank occur on migration during the autumn. Washed up on the beach, you can also find cockles, mussels, periwinkles and tellins. Rockpools often contain butterfish, gobies, sea anemones, shore crabs and shrimps. Pockets of saltmarsh contain colourful flowers such as sea aster, thrift and scurvy grass. One plant that grows in the soft mud is the uncommon eelgrass, an important food source for the wigeon.
## Notable residents {#notable_residents}
- Alison Cunningham, the nurse to Robert Louis Stevenson, born here in 1822.
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# Torryburn
## Ministers
- Rev Dr John Gordon Lorimer DD (1804-1868) minister of the old kirk from 1829.
- Rev Alexander Lundie (born 1833) minister of the Free Church from 1867
| 32 |
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| 1 |
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# Kodacolor Technology
**Kodacolor Technology** is a Kodak-owned brand used to collectively market several of its inkjet printing technologies. It was announced on February 6, 2007, at the launch of Kodak EasyShare All-in-One Printers.
Kodacolor Technology is protected by United States patent 7,655,083
| 43 |
Kodacolor Technology
| 0 |
11,020,007 |
# Brendan Moloney
**Brendan Anthony Moloney** (born 18 January 1989) is an Irish former professional footballer who played mainly as a right-back.
## Career
Born in Beaufort, Killarney, County Kerry, he was a graduate of the Nottingham Forest Youth Academy and captained the Nottingham Forest reserve team that just missed out on the title in 2006--07.
In an interview at the tail-end of the 2006--07 season, Forest boss Colin Calderwood picked out Moloney out of his Youth Team as having \"fantastic potential\". He made his début in March 2007, coming on as substitute against Gillingham wearing the number 35 shirt. He made his first start for Forest in their opening game of the 2007--08 campaign, against AFC Bournemouth.
On 10 January 2008, Moloney completed a loan move to Chesterfield on a month-long loan. He made his début for them on 12 January 2008, against Brentford. The youngster impressed for Chesterfield on loan, and netted his first professional goal for the Spireites in his third game for the club, with a 25-yard shot in their 4--0 victory over Hereford United. He played a total of nine games for Chesterfield, before returning to Forest\'s team in summer 2008.
With The Reds gaining promotion, manager Colin Calderwood commented that he would give Moloney a chance to impress in the Football League Championship during the 2008--09 campaign. He was loaned out at the beginning of the season to Rushden & Diamonds, where he appeared six times.
Moloney went out on a six-month loan to city rivals Notts County on 1 July 2009 after turning down offers from Bradford City and non-league Ilkeston Town. Moloney scored on his debut for Notts County in the 5--0 win over Bradford City.
On 27 January 2010, Moloney joined English League Championship side Scunthorpe United on loan for the remainder of the 2009--10 season. However, he returned after only 3 games after a challenge by Chris Brunt of West Bromwich Albion ended his season.
On 1 March 2011, Brendan Moloney came on as a substitute for the injured Joel Lynch against Middlesbrough. He made his first start of the season on 12 April 2011 in the match against Burnley helping Forest win 2--0. Moloney also started Nottingham Forest\'s play-off semi final home leg against Swansea City at The City Ground on 12 May 2011 and the away leg at the Liberty Stadium.
Moloney made his first league start of the 2011--12 season in Nottingham Forest\'s first league win of the campaign against Doncaster Rovers, where the Reds won, 1--0, thanks to a goal from Chris Gunter, that came from a Moloney cross.
Moloney joined Bristol City on a two-and-a-half-year contract on 25 January 2013. He scored his first and only goal for the club in a Football League Trophy tie against Wycombe Wanderers.
Moloney cancelled his contract with Bristol City in July 2014, joining Yeovil Town on 8 July 2014 on a two-year deal after Luke Ayling went the other way.
On 2 January 2015, Moloney moved on loan to League Two side Northampton Town until the end of the season. After spending the whole of January on loan at Northampton, Moloney signed a three-and-a-half-year deal with the Cobblers, having been released from his Yeovil contract. In June 2018 Moloney rejected a new contract offer from Northampton and retired from football due to a persistent knee injury
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| 0 |
11,020,014 |
# Acyltransferase like 2
**Acyltransferase like 2** (or **lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase**) is an enzyme which converts lysophospatidylcholine and phosphatidylcholine
| 18 |
Acyltransferase like 2
| 0 |
11,020,016 |
# François Heutte
**François Heutte** (born 21 February 1938) is a French former football striker. He appeared for France in the first edition of the 1960 European Nations\' Cup tournament, in which they finished fourth. For 4 years he was the European Championship top goalscorer with 2 goals, until in 1964 Viktor Ponedelnik got his third goal
| 57 |
François Heutte
| 0 |
11,020,034 |
# Ó Méalóid
**Ó Méalóid** is an Irish language surname, the English language equivalent of which is **Mellett**.
The name is rare in Ireland. It is found in Connemara in County Galway, where the name originated, County Mayo and around Ráth Cairn, a small Gaeltacht (Irish speaking) area in County Meath, where it is mainly concentrated now (a number of families with the name Ó Méalóid moved from Camus, County Galway to Ráth Cairn as part of a Gaeltacht relocation project carried out in Ireland in the early 1930s).
However, the name can now be found in small numbers elsewhere in Ireland, particularly Dublin
| 104 |
Ó Méalóid
| 0 |
11,020,044 |
# Jorge Tibiriçá
**Jorge Tibiriçá Piratininga** (November 15, 1855 --- September 30, 1928) was a Brazilian politician who served as president (governor) of São Paulo.
## Biography
Jorge Tibiriçá Piratininga, the son of João Tibiriçá Piratininga, was born in Paris on what was to become the day of the proclamation of the Brazilian Republic. He studied agriculture and philosophy in Germany and Switzerland, and was president of the Republican Party of São Paulo (PRP) of which his father had helped form. He was the second person to be named governor of the State of São Paulo following Prudente de Morais. Before Morais\' nomination the state was governed by a triumvirate between Prudente de Morais, Joaquim de Sousa Mursa, and Francisco Rangel Pestana. In February 1904 he was elected to office for the first time as the 7th president of São Paulo (which was essentially the same as governor).
His administration would be marked by an improvement in the states armed forces by bringing a mission of the Gendarmerie from Paris to serve as a new model for the \"Força Pública\". Additionally, he promoted the Taubaté Agreement, an encounter of the governors of São Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro that resulted in an agreement that would help keep Brazilian coffee selling overseas at a lucrative price for Brazilian coffee barons until the Stock Market Crash of 1929. He is also known for lease holding the Sorocaba Railway to an American company.
He was the state secretary of agriculture, commerce and public works during the administration of Bernardino de Campos and worked in the State Senate from 1892 to 1924. He died in São Paulo at the age of 72
| 280 |
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| 0 |
11,020,092 |
# William (bishop of Moray)
William\|named=titled}} `{{For|other Bishops of Moray|Bishop of Moray}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Use British English|date=August 2012}}`{=mediawiki} **William** (died on 24 January 1162) was a 12th-century prelate based in the Kingdom of Scotland. He occurs in the records for the first time as Bishop of Moray in 1152 x 24 May 1153, late in the reign of King David I of Scotland (1124--53) witnessing a grant from that monarch of the church of Clackmannan to the Abbot of Cambuskenneth. The precise date of his accession is unknown but was probably in 1152.
William first witnessed a charter of King Máel Coluim IV at some date between May 1153 and April 1156. Bishop William travelled to Rome in 1159 on behalf of Máel Coluim probably regarding the proposal that the Bishopric of St Andrews be raised to metropolitan rank in order to thwart the Archbishop of York\'s claim to authority over the Scottish Church. He had returned as Papal legate with the usual powers to consecrate bishops and performed the consecration of Ernald of St Andrews on 20 November 1160. As demonstrated by his recorded actions it appears that he was an absentee bishop and seldom in his diocese. William died on 24 January 1162
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| 0 |
11,020,122 |
# Joe Screen
**Joseph Screen** (born 27 November 1972 in Chesterfield, Derbyshire), is a former British international motorcycle speedway rider. His major speedway honours include winning the World Under-21 Championship in 1993, the British Championship in 1996 and 2004, and the British League Riders\' Championship in 1992. He earned 37 international caps for the England national speedway team and 7 caps for the Great Britain team.
## Career
Screen began riding motorcycles at the age of four, and gained his early experience on a 50cc motocross bike. After competing in motocross and grasstrack he started to compete in speedway at the age of fourteen. Screen left home aged just 16 and would be riding at the highest level aged 17.
Screen started his speedway career with the Belle Vue Aces in 1989 in the top tier of British League racing. He soon became a top rider and made his debut for the England team in 1991.
In August 1992, he won the bronze medal at the 1992 Speedway Under-21 World Championship, which left him disappointed because he had high hopes of winning the event. However, he gained consolation by winning the British League Riders\' Championship held at Odsal Stadium on 3 October 1992.
The following year in 1993, Screen made up for his 1992 U21 defeat by winning the 1993 Individual Speedway Junior World Championship. He was still eligible for the championship because he was 20 years of age.
In 1994, he transferred to the Bradford Dukes, where he spent the next four seasons. Screen won his first of two British Speedway Championships in 1996. He also rode in the Speedway Grand Prix series between 1996 until 2001 (when he had to withdraw after breaking his thigh) and as a wild card in the British Grand Prix in 2002, appearing in 21 Grands Prix and scoring a total of 159 points.
A year back at Belle Vue Aces as club captain in 1998, was followed by a solitary season with the Hull Vikings. The next four seasons were spent with the Eastbourne Eagles before returning \'home\' to Belle Vue in 2003, and enjoying a testimonial season the following year. Screen became British Champion again in 2004.
After being released by Belle Vue following the 2008 season, Screen joined Elite League champions the Poole Pirates on loan for 2009, after losing 27 lbs in response to concerns over his weight. Despite improving his average over the season he was not retained by Poole. After failing to get an Elite League offer he agreed a two-year deal with Premier League Glasgow Tigers, but an appeal against his converted 12-point greensheet average was turned down, almost forcing him to retire. He was given a lifeline with a short-term deal with Wolverhampton Wolves for 2010, until Adam Skornicki returned from injury. His spell with Wolves saw his average drop sufficiently to fit into the Glasgow Tigers team, which he joined in May 2010, signing as a club asset for 2011, when he captained Glasgow to win both the Premier League Championship and the Premier League Pairs (alongside James Grieves). He also rode for Birmingham Brummies in the Elite League in 2011 and 2012 in a doubling-up capacity. In 2013 he rode for Coventry Bees in the Elite League as cover for the injured Adam Roynon, but after getting injured himself, his tenure there was short-lived.
Screen rode in the Polish leagues from 1992 to 2007 for various clubs in the Team Speedway Polish Championship. His most successful spell was with Włókniarz Częstochowa and was part of the team that won the league title during the 1996 Polish speedway season.
Screen has also been involved in coaching young speedway riders and ran an academy at Buxton.
Screen also competed in grasstrack and longtrack motorcycle racing. His grasstrack career included winning both the British 350cc Championship and the British 350cc Best Pairs in 1989, reaching the World Longtrack Final in 1993 and 1994, and British Masters Championship wins in 1992 and 1995.
Screen announced in June 2013 that he would be retiring from racing at the end of the season after 25 years in British league speedway, but a hand injury sustained in August brought his season to a premature end.
## Retirement
After retiring from speedway Screen opened the Daresbury Boarding Kennels, which he owns with his wife Lindsay
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| 0 |
11,020,125 |
# GlobalData
**GlobalData Plc** is a data analytics and consulting company, headquartered in London, England. The company was established in 1999, and, under different names, has been listed on the London Stock Exchange\'s Alternative Investment Market (AIM) since 2000. It was previously called **Progressive Digital Media** and, before that, the **TMN Group**. GlobalData employs over 3,000 personnel in offices across the UK, US, Argentina, South Korea, Mexico, China, Japan, India and Australia. It has an R&D centre in India. The group is chaired by Murray Legg, a former partner at PwC. Mike Danson, one of the founders of Datamonitor, is CEO.
## Background
**TMN Group**, founded in 1999 as TheMutual.net, was a London-based provider of online marketing, business information, research and marketing services. In December 2007, it acquired Internet Business Group in a £9.8m deal. Four months later, in March 2008, TMN rejected a £40m cash and shares offer from Tangent Communications, another marketing services group. Then in May 2008, two TMN directors, CEO Mark Smith and CFO Craig Dixon, put together a £52.8m management buy-out offer for the business, backed by August Equity. Following the Tangent offer, withdrawn in April 2008, founder and former Datamonitor CEO, Mike Danson had built a 27% shareholding in TMN. The MBO failed after August Equity could not secure the funding needed.
Progressive Digital Media was founded in 2007 as a holding company for a set of media assets purchased from Wilmington plc; it expanded further by a series of acquisitions, purchasing Business Review from Datamonitor PLC in July 2008, followed in November 2008 by acquiring the entire share capital of SPG Media Group PLC.
In 2009, TMN was acquired via a reverse takeover by Progressive Digital Media Ltd, and changed its name to **Progressive Digital Media Group** Ltd.
Progressive Digital Media acquired Current Analysis Inc in 2014.
On 27 July 2015, Progressive Digital Media announced that it had agreed to acquire Datamonitor Financial, Datamonitor Consumer, MarketLine and Verdict businesses from Informa for a combined cash price of £25m.
In January 2016, Progressive Digital Media bought the GlobalData Holding Ltd business and changed its own name to **GlobalData Plc**.
GlobalData acquired entertainment publisher Media Business Insight (including *Broadcast* and *Screen International*) in June 2022. In the year to 31 December 2022, GlobalData had revenues of £243.2m and reported a statutory profit before tax of £38.4m, an 18% increase on the previous year
| 398 |
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| 0 |
11,020,131 |
# Richard Maher
**Richard Maher** is a British screenwriter, author and playwright. Born in Bristol in 1957, he graduated from Queens\' College, Cambridge in 1979. His television work includes writing for *Pie in the Sky* and *Taggart*, and co-creating the ITV1 drama *Making Waves* with Ted Childs
| 47 |
Richard Maher
| 0 |
11,020,151 |
# Kimball Laundry Co. v. United States
***Kimball Laundry Co. v. United States***, 338 U.S. 1 (1949), affirmed the principle set forth in *The West River Bridge Company v. Dix et al.*, `{{ussc|47|507|1848}}`{=mediawiki}; that is, that intangible property rights are condemnable via the eminent domain power, and that just compensation must be given to the owners of such rights.
In this case, the United States filed a petition in the United States District Court for the District of Nebraska to condemn the plant of the Kimball Laundry Company in Omaha, Nebraska, for use by the Army. After the District Court granted the United States immediate possession of the facilities of the company for the requested period, the owner of the family business claimed that he had been denied just compensation, and contended that the award should have included some allowance for diminution in the value of the business due to the destruction of its customer base.
## Supreme Court Decision {#supreme_court_decision}
This litigation began after the United States took over a laundry\'s facilities to do washing for the army. The laundry, having no other means of serving its customers, suspended business for the duration of the army\'s occupation. The company was given the rental value of the facilities for the period the army used the premises, but no award for the loss of customers and resultant diminution in going business value, which was claimed by the company and recognized as probable by the appraisers.
The Court, through Justice Frankfurter, made the government pay the diminution in the going concern value of the business. In reaching this conclusion, Justice Frankfurter first observed that the loss in going concern value, though related in part to intangibles, is property capable of being destroyed by the government so as to give rise to an obligation of just compensation under the Fifth Amendment.
In his opinion, Frankfurter posed the question: \"When do such circumstances occur?\" Justice Frankfurter conceded, arguendo, that such circumstances do not arise in the normal taking of a fee interest. This, he said, could only be justifiable because the intangible parts of the value of the business are normally transferable. Note that he did not say that there can never be a fee condemnation situation giving rise to an obligation to give full going business value as just compensation. In fact, he illustrated that obligation by cases involving the taking of the land and buildings of a public utility. Frankfurter concluded:
: *But the public utility cases plainly cannot be explained by the fact that the taker received the benefit of the utility\'s going concern value. If benefit to the taker were made the measure of compensation, it would be difficult to justify higher compensation for farm land taken as a firing range than for swamp or sandy waste equally suited to the purpose. It would be equally difficult to deny compensation for value to the taker in excess of value to owner. The rationale of the public utility cases, as opposed to those in which circumstances have brought about a diminution of going concern value although the owner remained free to transfer it, must therefore be that an exercise of the power of eminent domain which has the inevitable effect of depriving the owner of the going concern value of his business is a compensable \"taking\" of property.*
Thus, the Court reasoned that "the intangible acquires a value . . . no different from the value of the business' physical property," and concluded that intangibles such as trade routes of a laundry service were condemnable, upon payment of just compensation, when properly taken for a public use.
## Concurring Opinion {#concurring_opinion}
Justice Rutledge understood the majority opinion to stand for the proposition that short-term takings of property entail considerations not present where complete title has been taken, and agreed with at least this much of the decision. However, he cautioned against a formulation of theoretical rules defining their nature or prescribing their measurement (for purposes of compensation), and noted that what seems theoretically sound may prove unworkable for judicial administration. He concluded:
: *But I do not understand the opinion of the Court to do more than indicate possible approaches to the compensation of such interests. Since remand of the case will permit the empirical testing of these approaches, I join in the Court\'s opinion.*
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# Kimball Laundry Co. v. United States
## Dissenting Opinion {#dissenting_opinion}
Justice Douglas, with whom Justices Black, Vinson, and Reed concurred, dissented from the majority decision, and asserted that the majority decision forced the United States to pay not for what it gets, but for what the owner loses. Warning that the majority decision \"forged new constitutional doctrine,\" the dissent argued that government was only required to pay just compensation for the property that it actually receives. That the trade routes were of no use to the government was particularly persuasive to the dissenting Justices, and they argued that if the business was destroyed, the destruction was an unintended incident of the taking of land, and thus not compensable
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# Simon Rae
**Simon Rae** is a British poet, broadcaster, biographer and playwright who runs the Top Edge Productions theatre company. He won the Poetry Society\'s National Poetry Competition in 1999 and has also been awarded an Eric Gregory Award and a Southern Arts Literature Bursary and held Royal Literary Fund fellowships at Oxford Brookes and Warwick Universities. His play *Grass* won a Fringe Highlight award in 2002.
Rae presented Radio 4\'s *Poetry Please* for five years and wrote a regular topical poem for the *Saturday Guardian* for ten years. His most recent book of poems was *Gift Horses,*published in 2006 by Enitharmon Press.
He has written a biography of the cricketer WG Grace: *W.G.Grace: A Life* (Faber, 1998)
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# Roger Tully
**Roger Tully** (3 February 1928 -- 26 February 2020) was an English dancer and teacher of classical dance.
## Life and career {#life_and_career}
Roger Tully was born in East London. His early studies were with Muriel Green, née Quick, in eurhythmics. Offered a scholarship to the Rambert School, his first teacher of classical dance and mentor was Marie Rambert. After three years with Rambert and his stage début, he studied at London with Lydia Kyasht, Cleo Nordi, Stanislas Idzikowski and Mary Skeaping. This was followed by intensive study with Kathleen Crofton, who had been a student of Olga Preobrajenska, and who then became his principal teacher.
Roger Tully joined Mona Inglesby's company \"The International Ballet\", with which he toured Italy. Both Nicholas Sergueyev, who had been régisseur at the Maryinskii, as well as Leonid Massine were with Mona Inglesby at the time, and staged the original Maryinskii productions for her.
In the 1950s, Roger Tully danced in musicals at the Drury Lane Theatre, and then with Walter Gore's company, where he partnered Gore's wife Paula Hinton. In the early 1960s, he joined Les Grands Ballets Canadiens, then led by Ludmilla Chiriaeff, where he danced for several years.
On returning to London in the late sixties, he took over Kathleen Crofton's London students, when Alicia Markova invited Crofton to join her as ballet mistress at the Metropolitan Opera in New York. (In America, with Bronislava Nijinska, Crofton went on to found the Buffalo Ballet, where Nureyev danced a few times. It folded after only eighteen months, when the costumes were burnt up one night.)
In the early 1980s, Roger Tully purchased a late nineteenth-century dance studio at Bedford Gardens, where Marie Rambert had first taught on arriving in England. He began to teach from there, as well as at Pineapple Studios.
When Alexander Sombart was to return to the stage as Eugene Onegin alongside Lynn Seymour as Tatiana, he was coached by Roger Tully. Thereafter, Tully taught at Dance Works for five years, and again coached Alexander Sombart, then Natalia Makarova's partner, to prepare the latter's return to the Maryinskii Theatre in 1989.
Roger Tully taught at Bedford Gardens, at Balanssi Studios in Helsinki, and at New York. Among his prominent disciples were Clinton Luckett, Ballet Master at American Ballet Theatre, Daniel Baudendistel, former Joffrey Ballet soloist, now a choreographer and teacher, Francesco Mangiacasale and Julie Cronshaw, the latter both of London. In November 2006 and February 2007, Roger Tully was invited by the 'Inspection des Conservatoires' of the City of Paris to teach a series of master-classes. In February 2007 and again in January/February 2008, Roger Tully taught master classes at the Accademia nazionale di danza at Rome.
The essential difference between what Roger Tully taught, and what is more generally seen today, is defined in a statement by one of his leading students, thus,
\"The first idea was that all movement takes place through the play of oppositions around a central axis in the body, and that it is essential this axis be firmly established and maintained throughout one's work \[which he explains and illustrates\] through the close study of major works of sculpture and painting.
\"The second, and perhaps more fundamental, idea Roger inculcated was the concept that all movement in the body is motivated in or from the torso. (\...) Indeed most of his enchainement were designed specifically to make one aware of this. To me it was a revelation to finally locate the source of movement deep in the body, and not merely in the use of the legs and arms - however well coordinated or articulated they might be.\"
Roger Tully was the author of a book on the principles underlying technique, *The Song sings the Bird*, a French translation of which is currently in preparation.
Early in his career, Roger Tully choreographed (and designed) two short ballets which revealed his thorough understanding of classical and romantic ballet, and presented with a fluent development, grace and robustness.
## Works
- *[Prémices du geste dansant: Manuel d\'apprentissage de la danse classique](https://www.worldcat
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# Marco Zoppo
**Marco Zoppo** (1433 -- 19 February 1498) was an Italian painter of the Renaissance period, active mainly in Bologna.
He was born in Cento. He was a pupil of the painter Lippo Dalmasio then for a few years with Francesco Squarcione around 1455. He was a contemporary of Andrea Mantegna. He painted a number of variations of the *Virgin and Child Enthroned with Saints* while he was in Bologna. Francesco Francia was one of his pupils. He died in Venice, where he had gone after working for Squarcione.
## Artistic career {#artistic_career}
The oldest document in which Marco Ruggieri, known as lo Zoppo, appears, dates back to 1452, when the young painter, living in his native Cento, is entrusted with the gilding of a statue of the Virgin and Child. The following year lo Zoppo is documented in Padua, in the workshop of the 'tailor and embroiderer' Francesco Squarcione, whose adopted son he soon became.
During these Paduan years, Zoppo was strongly influenced by the art of Donatello, who had recently finished the impressive bronze altarpiece of the Basilica del Santo, and by the contemporary work of Nicolò Pizolo and Andrea Mantegna, both employed in the family chapel of the Ovetari. As witness to his particular predilections, a few works survive, strongly influenced by the expressive physicality of the Tuscan sculptor and by the perspective solutions refined by the two Paduan painters in the Ovetari workshop. Among these are the Wimborne Madonna, named after a former owner, now preserved in the Louvre, and the Colville folio in the British Museum.
By September 1455 lo Zoppo was no longer in Padua, but in Venice where he appeared in court against his adoptive father, Squarcione, with whom he broke all personal and legal ties.
It is possible that Zoppo returned promptly to Bologna, perhaps already by 1456. The painter executed many important works there, among which are a painted Crucifix, preserved today in the Museo dei Cappuccini, and the 'Retablo' for the high altar of the Church of San Clemente in the Collegio di Spagna, completed in collaboration with the engraver Agostino De Marchi from Crema. Zoppo appears to have been involved in engraved drawings for various collections including for Giovanni Marcanova\'s *Collectio Antiquitatum*, finished in Bologna in 1465.
One very ambiguous and disputed picture is the Head of the Baptist in Pesaro, linked to Marco Zoppo following Berenson\'s attribution, but also given to Giovanni Bellini, as proposed instead by Roberto Longhi. Longhi\'s theory has been contested by Berenson in 1932, by Cesare Brandi in 1949 and by Robertson in 1960, but has been strongly defended by other important academics, such as Rodolfo Pallucchini and Alessandro Conti.
## List of works {#list_of_works}
- *Madonna del Latte* (1453-1455), Louvre, Paris
- *Resurrezione*, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City
- *Madonna col Bambino*, National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C.
- *San Pietro*, National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C.
- *Madonna col Bambino*, National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C
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# Mrs. Henderson Presents (soundtrack)
***Mrs. Henderson Presents*** is the original soundtrack album of the 2005 film *Mrs Henderson Presents* starring Judi Dench, Bob Hoskins and Will Young. The original score was composed by George Fenton. The album garnered a nomination for the BAFTA Award for Best Film Music.
## Reception
James Christopher Monger of AllMusic gave the album three and a half stars out of five. He said Fenton\'s score provided the film with \"equal parts sentimentality and whimsy\" and thought the jazz and pop from the 1930s revue had been \"impeccably rendered\" by Fenton and the rest of the company. Andrew Granade from Soundtrack.net found it hard to categorise the score, believing it amounted to a concept album that was more of \"a recorded musical than a traditional movie score.\" Granade noted the album \"perfectly encapsulates\" the film and praised the songs written by Fenton, including \"Babies of the Blitz\". Granade concluded that the score was too in tune with the period, so that it \"almost washes into the background\" and Fenton had failed to put own stamp on the production.
Fenton\'s score garnered a nomination for BAFTA Award for Best Film Music in 2006.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
1. Overture 2:59
2. Bored with Widowhood 1:32
3. \"Letting in the Sunshine\" -- Will Young 2:16
4. Revuedeville 0:49
5. Persuading Tommy 1:59
6. \"Sweet Inspiration\" -- Camille O\'Sullivan 2:37
7. Vivian Van Damme 1:20
8. \"Goody Goody\" -- Camille O\'Sullivan and Will Young 4:44
9. After the Ball (Chas K. Harris) 1:25
10. Shilling for the Hour 1:57
11. Joyride 2:09
12. \"The Fall of France: La Mareseillaise\" -- Thomas Allen 2:04
13. The Blitz: Bombing/The Grecian Frieze/Defiance 2:22
14. \"Babies of the Blitz\" -- The O\'Brien Sisters 3:02
15. \"Blue Nightfall\" -- Camille O\'Sullivan 1:26
16. The Girl in the Fan 1:09
17. \"All the Things You Are\" -- Will Young 3:17
18. Elegy 2:33
19. \"The Sails of the Windmill\" -- Camille O\'Sullivan and Will Young 3:36
20
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# Qvarforth
**Qvarforth** is a surname whose origins may have begun in Germany. Qvarforth, or one of its derivatives, is a surname used in Scandinavia, Germany, Belgium and other areas located in northern Europe.
Its origin can be traced back to Anders Qvarfordt born in Querfod, Saxony (Germany). This may have later developed into the surname of two melters, Mikkel and Anders Querfood, who worked at Baerums factory in Norway in 1610.
The name Qvarfordt is first mentioned in 1627 from an area then known as Risinge until 1942, since 1971 Finspång Municipality, Östergötland County, Sweden, with Anders Qvarfordt. He and his nine children are mentioned in a court order in Risinge 1695. Five of his six sons were blacksmiths and two of his three daughters were married to blacksmiths.
The theory`{{By whom|date=January 2010}}`{=mediawiki} is that the family is German and not from Wallonia. There is a town in Saxony called Querfurt and it is believed that descendants of Querfurt as they moved throughout got the name \"Franz of Querfurt\", which over time turned into varieties of Querfurt in the different regions. There are 16 different varieties of Qvarfordt. The form Qvarfordt makes up about half of all instances of the broader name
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# Richard Frinier
**Richard Frinier** (born 1946 in Los Angeles, California) is an American furniture, textile and industrial designer who lives and works in California.
A graduate of California State University Long Beach holding a master of arts degree, Frinier has been a product designer in the home industries since 1977, with emphasis on indoor/outdoor furniture, textiles and accessories. He has worked for and collaborated with manufacturers domestically and abroad, including Glen Raven/Sunbrella® textiles, Dedon, Brown Jordan, Century Furniture and others. His range of work encompasses hundreds of collections and thousands of individual product designs. In 2002, he co-founded the Richard Frinier Design Studio with his wife and creative partner, Catherine Frinier, to further expand their work in the furniture and textile design industries.
## Career and design {#career_and_design}
Former Chief Creative Officer of the Brown Jordan Company for over 20 years, Frinier \>, Frinier formed a design consultancy in California along with his wife and creative partner, Catherine Frinier, where they have continued to serve and collaborate with an international clientele through licensed and co-branded collections, including indoor/outdoor furniture, accessories, lighting, and hundreds of textile designs
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# John Senio
**John Senio** (born 10 September 1982) is a Samoan rugby union footballer. He last played for French club FC Grenoble in the Pro D2. Prior to signing with Grenoble he played for Bourgoin ASM Clermont Auvergne, Edinburgh Rugby in the Celtic League and the New Zealand franchise the Blues in the Super 14. He has also played for the Samoan national team, and was a member of their 2003 Rugby World Cup squad. His brothers Kevin Senio and Dimitri Senio are also professional rugby players. He was a CS Bourgoin-Jallieu rugby player for the 2009/2010 season
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# Bury Me Standing
***Bury Me Standing*** is the third and final full-length album from The Explosion. The album was scheduled to be released on May 13, 2008 on Paper + Plastick records only to never be released. Although, a digital version of the album had been leaked online.
As of December 9, 2011, it was revealed that this will finally have a proper release through Chunksaah Records, in early 2012. Copies of the vinyl version were available at the 2011 Bouncing Souls \"Home For The Holidays Shows\" and were special variants made just for the shows.
The album was released via iTunes and vinyl on February 14, 2012
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# Learning centers in American elementary schools
The **learning center** strategy uses eight basic learning centers to address the countless objectives of American early childhood classrooms, attempting to develop the student's social, emotional, physical, cognitive, and aesthetic abilities.
There are eight basic learning centers in an early childhood/elementary classroom, according to the [Stephen F. Austin State University Charter School program](http://www.sfasu.edu/education/departments/elementary/centers/), each structured to expand the students' experiences in a variety of meaningful and effective ways. Each center is constructed to encompass numerous objectives, including state and federal standards, school standards, and community standards. The learning centers approach focuses on student autonomy and learning style by giving each student an opportunity to explore his learning environment hands-on in a developmentally appropriate classroom (see Constructivism). Teachers act as facilitators, providing materials and guidance, as well as planning discussions, activities, demonstrations, and reviews.
## Importance of learning centers {#importance_of_learning_centers}
Learning centers are typically set up in a classroom to encourage children to make choices. As they work in the centers they learn to work independently as well as cooperatively. This gives the child more control over what they do. Learning centers offer one easy route to addressing children\'s individual learning styles.
## Basic learning centers {#basic_learning_centers}
One important learning center that is invaluable to an independent learning environment that fosters creativity and expression is the \"art center\". According to Dodge, Colker, and Heroman, the art center allows children to visually express themselves. Children also learn how to critically evaluate their artwork, as well as the artwork as others, helping them to practice and develop their cognitive skills, language skills, and aesthetics. Art also offers many opportunities for core subject integration, especially in regard to science, social studies, or language arts. For instance, when studying the anatomy of a flower, the teacher could ask students to draw and color their own flowers based on an accurate representation of a flower or diagram.
Next, the \"blocks center\" is essential in a pre-kindergarten classroom, and greatly valued in older grades. The blocks center gives children an opportunity to recreate experiences, and explore the elements and complexities of structures. Children learn about their community and its functions while building representations of common buildings like fire stations, houses, libraries, and zoos. A plethora of other subjects can be integrated in the blocks center, including literacy, mathematics, science, social studies, art, and technology. The blocks center is an especially good place for children to explore the rules of society, relationships, and teamwork.
Another center is \"Discovery\", a place where children can explore the answers to questions driven by their natural curiosity Science is a special subject in discovery, as gives children the chance to explore life, earth, and the laws of nature. The discovery center sets the stage for students to use the scientific method to predict and find solutions starting during the second half of first grade. Tyler, Texas\' [Discovery Science Place](http://www.discoveryscienceplace.com/) features numerous types of discovery centers.
\"Dramatic play\" centers promote social interaction, role exploration, and abstract thinking. Children are given the opportunity to deeply explore roles of people in their family and community. Pretending is an important part developing abstract thought, such as connecting symbols with real objects and events. Dramatic play greatly enhances a child's social and emotional development when children cooperate, feel empathy, and control their emotions.
In the United States, literacy is a number one priority for both public and private education. In fact, the United States' literacy rate is one of the highest in the world, reaching 99% of the population. For this reason, \"library centers\" are a major contribution to not only learning center curriculum, but all other classroom strategies. In the library center, children learn the importance of reading and writing by engaging in motivational literacy activities through meaningful contexts. The library center also gives the child opportunities to practice reading, have immediate access to print materials for independent reading, participate in read-alouds and retellings (Dodge, Colker, and Heroman, p. 371-373), and share experiences they have had with books. The library center can enhance the theme of any classroom curriculum. For instance, when doing a science unit on mammals, studying human impact on animal life in social studies, and creating pictures of animals in art, the teacher could also facilitate books and activities in the library center about animals, creating connections between subjects. Furthermore, many children are not exposed to literature in their homes, severely limiting their print knowledge. The library center provides these children with regular and active interactions with print.
A pertinent center to the American health and obesity epidemic is the \"muscle center\". In the muscle center, students engage in activities that exercise their bodies, and subsequently "wake up" their minds. Movement also allows children to outlet their high energy and creativity. During muscle activities, students learn to control their bodies and apply gross motor skills to new types of movement.
Next, the \"music center\" creates opportunities for children to cooperate in activities that stimulate creativity, listening, and language. By engaging in songs, children learn the natural intonations and rhythms of language. When singing together, children feel harmony with their classmates. Music instruction has also been proven to increase intelligence quotient. Music also offers an easy way for those children on a lower developmental level to participate successfully in a fun group activity.
Lastly, the \"table games center\" offers a unique way for children to explore established rules, create their own rules, and enforce those rules. Table games also promote healthy competition, giving students a chance to cope with negative feelings in a safe and supportive environment. Children explore mathematical concepts while playing games like cards, dice, and Connect Four. Children must plan strategies in order to problem solve and win the game.
Another important center that should be included in this list is a writing center. Set up an environment that supports and motivates writing. Provide writing materials in all of your learning centers. Once writing becomes established in the classroom, you\'ll find that it carries over into a variety of activities. Memo pads, notepads, and stationery placed in manipulative, library, or art areas can transform the activities children typically engage in there. These writing materials allow children to create their own activities and play scenarios, reinforcing the important message that there are many uses for writing
.
Encourage independent use of learning centers with these quick and easy tips
1. Define the space. Use throw rugs, bookcases, and curtains to help children contain their play within the center.
2. Take a room tour. Start the year by taking a few children at a time on a quick tour of the centers. Show them where materials are and how to put them away.
3. Keep materials accessible. Put current materials for each center in well-defined containers and marked shelves at children\'s eye level.
4. Store a few teacher materials in each center. It takes too much time to have to search for your own materials. Place your materials on a high shelf in each area.
5. Stock centers sparingly. It is easier for children to manage materials if there are just a few items there. As children learn how to easily use and put materials away, ask them to suggest what new items they would like to add to the centers.
6. Set up portable centers. Use plastic tubs or bins to create portable centers children can take to a private area to work and play.
7. Make a cooperative center rules chart. At a group time, encourage children to suggest rules for working/playing in learning centers. If children are having difficulty, suggest issues such as sharing materials, respecting each other\'s work, and putting materials away.
8. Display children\'s work. Use bulletin boards, shelf backs, cardboard boxes or room dividers as a place to show children what others have done in the center.
9. Set up a works-in-progress shelf. Sometimes children don\'t have enough time to complete a project in a center. Create a \"safe place\" where children can store ongoing projects.
10. Create a take-home box. Set out a box near the door for children to place their finished projects for take-home at the end of the day
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# Multiplicity (chemistry)
In spectroscopy and quantum chemistry, the **multiplicity** of an energy level is defined as *2S+1*, where *S* is the total spin angular momentum. States with multiplicity 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 are respectively called singlets, doublets, triplets, quartets and quintets.
In the ground state of an atom or molecule, the unpaired electrons usually all have parallel spin. In this case the multiplicity is also equal to the number of unpaired electrons plus one.
## Atoms
The multiplicity is often equal to the number of possible orientations of the total spin relative to the total orbital angular momentum *L*, and therefore to the number of near--degenerate levels that differ only in their spin--orbit interaction energy.
For example, the ground state of a carbon atom is ^3^P (Term symbol). The superscript three (read as *triplet*) indicates that the multiplicity *2S+1* = 3, so that the total spin *S* = 1. This spin is due to two unpaired electrons, as a result of Hund\'s rule which favors the single filling of degenerate orbitals. The triplet consists of three states with spin components +1, 0 and −1 along the direction of the total orbital angular momentum, which is also 1 as indicated by the letter P. The total angular momentum quantum number J can vary from L + S = 2 to L − S = 0 in integer steps, so that J = 2, 1 or 0.
However the multiplicity equals the number of spin orientations only if S ≤ L. When S \> L there are only 2L+1 orientations of total angular momentum possible, ranging from S + L to S − L. The ground state of the nitrogen atom is a ^4^S state, for which *2S + 1* = 4 in a *quartet* state, *S* = 3/2 due to three unpaired electrons. For an S state, L = 0 so that J can only be 3/2 and there is only one level even though the multiplicity is 4.
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# Multiplicity (chemistry)
## Molecules
Most stable organic molecules have complete electron shells with no unpaired electrons and therefore have singlet ground states. This is true also for inorganic molecules containing only main-group elements. Important exceptions are dioxygen (O~2~) as well as methylene (CH~2~) and other carbenes.
However, higher spin ground states are very common in coordination complexes of transition metals. A simple explanation of the spin states of such complexes is provided by crystal field theory.
### Dioxygen
The highest occupied orbital energy level of dioxygen is a pair of antibonding π\* orbitals. In the ground state of dioxygen, this energy level is occupied by two electrons of the same spin, as shown in the molecular orbital diagram. The molecule, therefore, has two unpaired electrons and is in a triplet state.
In contrast, the first and second excited states of dioxygen are both states of singlet oxygen. Each has two electrons of opposite spin in the π\* level so that S = 0 and the multiplicity is 2S + 1 = 1 in consequence.
In the first excited state, the two π\* electrons are paired in the same orbital, so that there are no unpaired electrons. In the second excited state, however, the two π\* electrons occupy different orbitals with opposite spin. Each is therefore an unpaired electron, but the total spin is zero and the multiplicity is 2S + 1 = 1 despite the two unpaired electrons. The multiplicity of the second excited state is therefore not equal to the number of its unpaired electrons plus one, and the rule which is usually true for ground states is invalid for this excited state.
### Carbenes
In organic chemistry, carbenes are molecules which have carbon atoms with only six electrons in their valence shells and therefore disobey the octet rule. Carbenes generally split into singlet carbenes and triplet carbenes, named for their spin multiplicities. Both have two non-bonding electrons; in singlet carbenes these exist as a lone pair and have opposite spins so that there is no net spin, while in triplet carbenes these electrons have parallel spins
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# Yvonne Cartier
**Yvonne Cartier** (27 February 1928 -- 11 May 2014) was a New Zealand-born ballet dancer and instructor, and mime. Her artistic biography coincides with the rebirth of theatrical dancing in England after World War II.
## Ballet career {#ballet_career}
Born in the Auckland suburb of Saint Heliers on 27 February 1928, Cartier began dancing on stage at the age of four in a pantomime. While studying ballet with Valerie Valeska and Bettina Edwards, she saw the Borovanski Ballet on tour, and decided to make dance her career. In 1946, following in the footsteps of Bettina Edward\'s student Rowena Jackson, she emigrated to England on scholarship to the Royal Ballet School, studying with Winifred Edwards, George Goncharov, Vera Volkova and Audrey de Vos.
In London, she joined the Saint James\' Ballet, run by Alan Carter. With Michel de Lutry (ballet master for the project), his wife Domini Callaghan, and Sonia Hana, Yvonne Cartier took part in one of the very early television programmes, BBC\'s *Ballet for Beginners*. When the Ballet for Beginners Company went on tour, it was joined by Ken Russell (later the film-maker), who danced Coppelius to Yvonne Cartier\'s Swanhilda.
She then took odd jobs in revue theatre in London, such as Sauce Tartare with Audrey Hepburn. It was whilst dancing in cabaret that she came across Larice Arlen, ballet mistress, wife to the managing director of Sadler\'s Wells Opera.
Larice Arlen pushed Cartier to re-audition for Sadler\'s Wells Theatre Ballet, which she joined, and there created ballets for John Cranko, Andrée Howard, Walter Gore and Ninette de Valois. At Ninette de Valois\' request, she then joined the main company at Covent Garden. There, she also danced all the classics.
## Mime and dance instructor {#mime_and_dance_instructor}
Following a serious injury to the ankle, inoperable at the time, Cartier left England for France in 1957, and worked for 20 years as a mime with the celebrated troupes of Jacques Lecoq and Marcel Marceau, and as choreographer and movement specialist to theatre companies. At the Ecole Charles Dulin, she taught mime and movement, and then acted as assistant to Michael Cacoyannis for *Les Troyennes* at the Théâtre National Populaire, which production she later staged for the Festival d\'Avignon. She also assisted Georges Wilson for his staging of *Grandeur et Décadence de la Ville de Mahagonny*.
Thereafter, she returned to the classical dance, teaching in several Paris-area Conservatoires, notably the Nadia Boulanger Conservatory.
Cartier trained several high-level artists including Muriel Valtat and Betina Marcolin. She was Consultant to Beryl Morina\'s authoritative *Mime in Ballet* (2000). Cartier was the photographic model for Gordon Anthony in Felicity Gray\'s *Ballet for Beginners* (1952), and she continued to teach and coach in Paris until her death, on 11 May 2014
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# Mespelbrunn Castle
**Mespelbrunn Castle** is a late-medieval/early-Renaissance moated castle on the territory of the town of Mespelbrunn, between Frankfurt and Würzburg, built in a tributary valley of the Elsava valley, within the Spessart forest. It is a popular tourist attraction and has become a famous Spessart landmark.
## History
### Origins
The first precursor of Mespelbrunn Castle was a simple house. The owner was Hamann Echter, vizedom of Aschaffenburg, a title which means that he was the representative of the ruling prince, the Archbishop of Mainz `{{Interlanguage link multi|Johann von Nassau-Wiesbaden-Idstein|de}}`{=mediawiki} at the castle and town of Aschaffenburg. On 1 May 1412, Johann gave the site, a forest clearing next to a pond, to Echter, a knight, who constructed a house without fortifications. It was a reward for Echter\'s services against the Czechs. The `{{Interlanguage link multi|Echter family|de|3=Echter (Adelsgeschlecht)|lt=Echter family}}`{=mediawiki} originates from the Odenwald region. Their name presumably means \"*der die Acht vollstreckt*\", the executor of the ostracism. In the 15th century the Spessart was a wild and unexploited virgin forest, used as a hideout by bandits and Hussites, who despoiled the regions nearby. Therefore, in 1427 Hamann Echter, the son of the first owner, began to rebuild his father\'s house to a fortified castle with walls, towers, and a moat using the nearby lake.
### Rebuilding
Only the *Bergfried*, the round tower, remains from the 15th century. The following generations changed the defense structures to a typical manor-house, mainly built in the Renaissance style. Today\'s fundamental appearance is the result of reconstruction done between 1551 and 1569 by Peter Echter of Mespelbrunn and his wife, Gertrud of Adelsheim.
The most famous member of the family was Julius Echter, Prince-bishop of Würzburg. A prominent proponent of the Counter-Reformation, he founded the Juliusspital, a hospital, in Würzburg, in 1576, and re-founded the University of Würzburg in 1583.
Due to its remote location in a side valley of the Elsava, surrounded by forests, the castle was one of the few in Franconia spared destruction in the Thirty Years\' War.
In 1665, the last male member of the Echter family died. In 1648, Maria Ottilia, Echterin of Mespelbrunn, had married Philipp Ludwig of Ingelheim, a member of a family of barons, later made *Grafen* (Counts) of Ingelheim. By permission of the emperor, the name of the Echter family was preserved, because they were allowed to merge their names to Counts of Ingelheim called Echter von und zu Mespelbrunn.
In 1875, a Romanesque Revival chapel was built as a burial place for the Ingelheim family overlooking the Elsava valley.
## Description
The main building of Mespelbrunn Castle is built on an almost square base on the eastern side of a lake. On the whole northern, western and southern side, the court is surrounded by two storied houses. On the northeastern and southwestern corner, towers of similar height are added to the houses. These are decorated with stepped gables on the western side. The main entrance is on the left side of the southern building. On the western side, the court is limited by two framed transits to the water and the main tower in center, which surmounts the castle.
## Today
In the 1930s, economic pressures forced the `{{Interlanguage link multi|Ingelheim family|de|3=Ingelheim (Adelsgeschlecht)|lt=Ingelheim family}}`{=mediawiki} to open the site to the public. Today, Mespelbrunn Castle is still owned by the family of the Counts of Ingelheim, who live in the southern wing of the castle, having moved out of the main rooms.
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# Mespelbrunn Castle
## In popular culture {#in_popular_culture}
In 1957, Mespelbrunn Castle was one of the locations of the German film **Das Wirtshaus im Spessart** (*The Spessart Inn*, 1958), based on the novella by Wilhelm Hauff
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# Jennifer Kessy
**Jennifer \"Jen\" Anne Kessy** (born July 31, 1977) is a retired American professional beach volleyball player on the AVP Tour. She currently is the coach of April Ross and Alix Klineman.
## Early years {#early_years}
Growing up in Southern California, Kessy excelled at multiple sports. In high school, she was the MVP of the swim team her junior year and the captain and the MVP of the volleyball team her senior year, earning honors as an All-California Interscholastic Federation (CIF) second team. In 1994, she graduated from Dana Hills High School in Dana Point, California.
## College
Kessy continued her athletic excellence while attending the University of Southern California. She was a member of the volleyball team for all four years (1995--1998) and was named an All-American her senior year. Also, she was a member of the U.S. Junior National Team. Kessy graduated from USC with a bachelor\'s degree in history. Kessy was also a member of the Kappa Kappa Gamma sorority.
## Professional career {#professional_career}
After signing a six-month contract for about \$25,000, Kessy played indoor volleyball professionally under the coaches Gido Vermeulen (head, The Netherlands) and Christine Masel (assistant, DePaul University and University of Illinois) for the USPV Chicago Thunder which finished runners-up (10--8) in the USPV in 2002. In November 2002 with the collapse of the USPV, she signed with the team Pinkin de Corozal in Humacao, Puerto Rico, for the 2003 season and finished sixth overall for points in the LVSF.
Kessy competed with the Olympian Barbra Fontana in 2004 and the Olympic Bronze Medalist and three-time Olympian Holly McPeak in 2005.
Teaming up with her fellow USC Trojan April Ross in 2007, the tandem then became one of the most successful teams in the world. On July 4, 2009, Kessy and Ross won the FIVB World Championships in Stavanger, Norway, defeating the Brazilians Juliana Felisberta Silva and Larissa Franca.
As of April 2012, Kessy had ten AVP and nine FIVB first-place finishes overall, as well as over \$1,223,635 in total prize money.
In the spring of 2012, Kessy signed as a CoverGirl model for the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.
In the 2012 London Olympics Kessy and Ross finished with the silver medal, when they lost to their fellow countrywomen Misty May-Treanor and Kerri Walsh Jennings in the championship game by the scores of 16-21 and 16--21.
Kessy did not play in the 2014 season due to her pregnancy with her first baby. She returned to the AVP tour in 2015 and teamed up with her fellow Californian Emily Day to begin the 2015 season.
## Coaching career {#coaching_career}
- 2018 - Coaching April Ross & Alix Klineman, the #1 US team. April Ross & Alix Klineman won the first FIVB tournament of 2018.
- 2017-2018 - Coaching Winter Beach Elite Team at American Beach Volleyball Club at Doheny State Beach in Dana Point, California
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Kessy married French beach volleyball player Andy Cés in 2013. The pair have a daughter and son. Her cousin Kale Kessy is a professional ice hockey player.
## Awards and honors {#awards_and_honors}
- 1994 All-California Interscholastic Federation (CIF) second team (volleyball)
- 1998 All-American in volleyball
- 2004 AVP Most Improved Player
- 2008 AVP \"Best of the Beach\"\*
- 2009 AVP \"Best of the Beach\"\*
- 2009 USA Volleyball Beach Team of the Year (shared with April Ross).
An asterisk denotes that Ms. Kessy was the only player to be named the AVP \"Best of the Beach\" for two consecutive years
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# Mike Bullen
**Michael J. Bullen** (born 13 January 1960) is an English screenwriter best known for creating the Granada Television series *Cold Feet*, which won him the Writer of the Year award at the 2003 British Comedy Awards. He wrote two more series for Granada; *Life Begins*, which ran for three years, and *All About George*, which ran for only one. His works have been described as being \"about the intricacies of interpersonal relationships and what happens when they break down\".
Bullen moved with his wife and two children to Australia in 2002. Two years later he directed his first short film, *Amorality Tale*. He co-created the Australian/UK television series *Tripping Over* in 2006 and the writer and director of the Australian television pilot *Make or Break* in 2007. He returned to producing work for British television in 2010 with the BBC pilot *Reunited*, and moved back to the UK in 2011.
## Background
Bullen was born in Bramhall, Cheshire. Bullen\'s father, Alex, was a chemical engineer, and his mother, Joan, was a housewife. Mike and his sister Jane were raised in Solihull, where he attended Solihull School. At the age of 18 he was accepted to Magdalene College, Cambridge, to read economics. He did not enjoy the subject, so switched to history of art. His first experiences of writing came when he was a child and wrote a newspaper for his neighbours. At Cambridge, he dramatised a Johann Wolfgang von Goethe novel.
Following his graduation, Bullen began a career as a media planner buyer for an advertising company. The job did not excite him and he has described it as \"pretty pointless\". He quit the job to go backpacking in south-east Asia. On his return he applied for a position as a radio producer at Radio Netherlands Worldwide, having previously worked for a hospital radio. He eventually began freelance work for the BBC World Service, where he was a presenter and producer for the magazine programmes *On Screen* and *Outlook*.
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# Mike Bullen
## Career
### 1994--1997
In 1994, aged 34, Bullen began thinking about writing a television script, based on the idea that he could \"write crap\" on television. He was inspired in particular by the American television series *Hill Street Blues* (a show he \"cancelled \[his\] social life for\") and *Thirtysomething*. He began work on scripts for *Pie in the Sky* and *Soldier Soldier* but did not complete either. To improve his writing skills, he took a writing course at the National Film and Television School, a comedy course by Anji Loman Field, and attended Robert McKee\'s STORY seminar.
He began writing another script, this time drawing on his American television influences. Believing that there was nothing on British television for people in his age group that was not a soap opera or a costume drama, Bullen wrote a script entitled *The Perfect Match*, about a man who proposes to his girlfriend using the screen at Wembley Stadium during the FA Cup Final. He secured an agent, who managed to sell the script on spec to Andy Harries, controller of comedy at Granada Television. Harries described the writing as \"impressive---cleverly constructed dialogue, very funny, well observed\" and commissioned it as part of his drive to move away from making traditional-style sitcoms. Bullen described the moment he walked onto the set of *The Perfect Match* as \"gobsmacking \[...\] wandering around a room which had previously only existed in my head\". It was broadcast on ITV in September 1995 to poor reviews.
Harries was pleased enough with Bullen\'s work to ask him to pitch some more ideas to *The Perfect Match* assistant producer Christine Langan, who shared Bullen\'s desire to see more television directed at their age bracket. Bullen pitched the idea of a traditional \"boy-meets-girl, boy-loses-girl, boy-wins-girl-back\" story told from both sides of the relationship but using elements of fantasy and flashback to distort events to fit a character\'s point of view. Harries accepted the pitch and Bullen began work on *Cold Feet*. Initially commissioned as a pilot for ITV\'s *Comedy Premieres* programming strand, the prospect of a full television series was given to Bullen. *Cold Feet*{{\'}}s main character, Adam Williams, a lothario character and a serial monogamist, was based on Bullen himself during his twenties. The other main character, Rachel Bradley, was based on a combination of his ex-girlfriends and the \"ideal girlfriend\". Harries suggested that if a series were to be commissioned, more characters would be needed. Bullen developed a supporting cast for *Cold Feet*, basing each character on friends of his. The script for *Cold Feet* went through \"six or seven\" drafts before being filmed in 1996 and was broadcast in 1997. After a hiatus, it was commissioned for a full series. During the hiatus, he wrote a romantic comedy feature film script for Granada and developed a pilot for London Weekend Television, neither of which were picked up. The Writers\' Guild of Great Britain presented to Bullen the award for New Writer of the Year at their awards ceremony in October 1997.
When he first started writing professionally, Bullen could not structure his scripting in a coherent way, adopting a \"mix and match\" method; he began by structuring a script on cards, then typing what he had onto a computer, then returning to the cards. After completing the *Cold Feet* pilot, he starting writing ten pages of script per day, regardless of the quality of the writing. His own third draft was usually submitted to producers as the \"first draft\".
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# Mike Bullen
## Career
### 1998--2003 {#section_1}
Production on the first series of *Cold Feet* began in January 1998. Bullen continued his method of developing storylines based on his own life; he and his wife had their first child in the latter half of 1997, so he integrated their experiences into the storyline of characters Pete and Jenny, who have their first child in *Cold Feet*{{\'}}s first episode. Throughout 1998, he retained his job at the BBC, working on three radio shows per week at the same time as writing *Cold Feet*. During the second series he cut back to one show per week. By the time of the third series in 2000, he felt confident enough that he would have a future in television that he was able to give up radio presenting completely. He moved from his home in London to Cambridge, where he was able to write for two full days a week and at evenings and weekends.
He worked on other projects at the same time as *Cold Feet*: After watching the 1997 docusoap *Holiday Reps*, he became interested in what happens in the personal lives of holiday representatives while in foreign countries. Out of this idea he developed *Sunburn* for BBC One. *Sunburn* starred Michelle Collins and was broadcast for two series from 1999 to 2000. Bullen shared writing duties with Lizzie Mickery and Sally Wainwright. His inspiration from American television continued; following the premiere of *The West Wing* in 1999, he began outlining a British version, *The Firm*, that would be set in Buckingham Palace. The project never moved beyond planning stages because Bullen believed that British political issues such as \"cod wars with Spain\" are not as \"sexy\" as the issues covered in *The West Wing*.
In 1999, *Cold Feet* was adapted into a series of the same name for American network NBC. He wrote the screenplay for one of the pilot episodes. At the same time, NBC and Granada Entertainment USA commissioned a pilot script from Bullen entitled *Small Beer*, which centred on a group of people who take over a microbrewery in the north-western United States.
The third series of *Cold Feet* (2000) was extended from six to eight episodes by ITV. Bullen believed that the production team had covered all potential storylines in the first two series, so declined to write any more episodes. A team of five writers was hired by Granada Television, overseen by Bullen as a co-executive producer. Four out of the five writers left the team due to their scripts not being appropriate for the series, leaving only David Nicholls on staff. The writing process had made Bullen think twice about not writing and he began thinking about further storylines, such as mid-life crises and IVF. The same year, he signed a two-year contract with Granada to develop new projects. A fourth series of *Cold Feet*, also of eight episodes, was commissioned for 2001. Bullen announced that he did not want to write a fifth series, and that the fourth would be the last. His reasons were that with ITV\'s proposed commission of up to 20 episodes a year, the series would become like a soap opera. The popularity of the fourth series persuaded Bullen to write four more episodes that formed the fifth series in 2003. The fifth series won Bullen the Writer of the Year Award at the 2003 British Comedy Awards.
In 2002, he began developing *Life Begins*, a one-hour television series. The following year he conceived *George the Third*. He moved to Australia in 2002 but continued to work on UK-based series.
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# Mike Bullen
## Career
### 2004--2006 {#section_2}
*Life Begins* was inspired by Bullen\'s re-evaluation of the lives of people around him as they approached 40 years old. The series was designed as a vehicle for actress Sarah Lancashire, who had signed an exclusive \"golden handcuffs\" deal with ITV. Two months after the series was announced, Lancashire left *Life Begins*, feeling unable to commit to a potentially long-running series. ITV replaced Lancashire with Caroline Quentin. *Life Begins* concerns Maggie Mee, who believes she is in a loving relationship with her husband Phil (Alexander Armstrong). When Phil announces on a family holiday that he is leaving her, she realises that she must begin her life again. Bullen wrote the series with John Forte. The first series was broadcast in 2004. As with *Cold Feet*, he integrated events from his own life into the storylines; Maggie\'s father suffers from Alzheimer\'s disease as does one of Bullen\'s own relatives. He researched Maggie\'s travel agency job by spending a week at a travel agents\' in Bristol.
In 2003 Bullen made a journey to Perth\'s Small Screen Big Picture. On the return leg, after 12 hours of seeing nothing but the Nullarbor Plain through the train window, he began developing a short subject on infidelity at television conferences. The short, entitled *Amorality Tale*, which marked Bullen\'s directorial debut, was screened at various film festivals in 2005, and was a finalist for the first Rosemount Diamond at the Jackson Hole Film Festival. On the themes of the film, Bullen said, \"What has always interested me is the notion of ordinary people and how they react in ordinary situations \[...\] what fascinated me is the way we arrive at the choices we make. The idea of this film is to say that the choices we make might not lead to the outcomes we expect.\" He formerly expressed interest in directing an episode of *Cold Feet*, but decided against it on the basis that his inexperience would make him \"inadequate\" and that the job was best left to professional directors. The short was produced by Pommie Granite Productions, a company set up by Bullen after his exclusive contract with Granada ended in September 2004. At the end of 2004, he became the seventh person to rewrite the script of the DreamWorks/Aardman Animations film *Tortoise vs. Hare*. He made at least three drafts.
Alongside the second series of *Life Begins*, Bullen continued developing *George the Third*. The title was changed to *It Happens* until eventually settling on *All About George* in time for filming in 2005. *All About George* starred Rik Mayall as George Kinsey, a builder whose life is changed when six generations of his family move into his home. Initially excited about the series when he attended the cast read-throughs, Bullen\'s optimism waned by the time it was broadcast as he felt there were too many characters and the series\' premise unclear. In a 2008 interview, he describes it as one of his worst TV series. *Life Begins* returned for a third and final series in 2006. The same year, filming commenced on *Tripping Over*, a series about intercontinental backpackers in 1976 and 2006. *SeaChange* writers Andrew Knight and Andrea Denholm conceived the idea in 2003 and asked Bullen, a friend of Knight\'s, to develop it with them. A co-production between Australia\'s Channel Ten and Britain\'s Five, *Tripping Over* was broadcast in both countries at the end of 2006.
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# Mike Bullen
## Career
### 2007--2012 {#section_3}
In 2007, Bullen was approached by David Maher, a Fox World producer, who commissioned him to write a television pilot for UKTV. Bullen agreed and spent a \"torturous\" time trying to come up with an idea for the script. Continuing his trend for taking ideas from real life, he decided to write about a family moving from the UK to Australia. The pilot, entitled *Make or Break*, was also Bullen\'s television directoral debut. British actor Robson Green had recently completed work on \"Prayer of the Bone\", a one-off special episode of *Wire in the Blood* set in the United States. Green and *Wire* producer Sandra Jobling considered another special episode set in Australia. Green suggested asking Bullen to write the episode and Bullen responded by asking Green if he would like to play the lead in *Make or Break*. Fox World sent the script to Green and he signed on. As the pilot was Bullen\'s first attempt at directing television, he sought advice from the experienced production crew, in particular the director of photography. The pilot was first broadcast in March 2008. Bullen and Fox World sought financial investment from a UK production company to develop a full-length series.
In 2010, Bullen wrote his first screenplay for the BBC since *Sunburn*; *Reunited* is a pilot about six friends who once shared a house together reuniting after eight years. Bullen admitted that his career was \"declining\" before he made *Reunited*, and he even moved back to the UK for five months while it was produced. He considers *Reunited* his best work since the end of *Cold Feet*. The pilot received only 3.3 million viewers when it was broadcast, and a series was not commissioned. Bullen has since discussed other projects with Ed Byrne, one of the actors in the pilot.
Bullen and his family returned to the UK in 2011; Bullen told *The Manly Daily* \"I realised if I still am going to have a UK-based television career I need to be based in the UK.\" As of 2012, Bullen has three television series in development with British television networks.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Bullen is married to Lisa Bullen, whom he met while working at the BBC. They have two children: Maggie (born 1997) and Rachel (born 1999). In 2002 the family moved to Avalon, New South Wales. They later moved to Newport, New South Wales and became Australian citizens in 2005. The family returned to the UK in 2011.
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# Mike Bullen
## List of works {#list_of_works}
Screenplays
- *The Perfect Match* (1995)
- *Comedy Premieres: Cold Feet* (1997, pilot)
- *Cold Feet* (1998--2003)
- *Sunburn* (1999--2000)
- *Life Begins* (2004--2006)
- *All About George* (2005)
- *Amorality Tale* (2005)
- *Make or Break* (2008, pilot)
- *Reunited* (2010, pilot)
Unmade scripts
- *Cold Feet* (1998, American pilot)
- *Small Beer* (1999, American pilot)
- *Tortoise vs
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# Giuseppe Porta
Salviati}} **Giuseppe Porta** (1520--1575), also known as **Giuseppe Salviati**, was an Italian painter of the late-Renaissance period, active mostly in Venice.
## Biography
thumb\|Caterina d'Alessandria con i Santi Gerolamo, Giovanni Battista, Giacomo Apostolo San Francesco della Vigna Born in Castelnuovo di Garfagnana, in 1535 he apprenticed with Francesco Salviati in Rome. He adopted his mentor\'s last name when signing paintings. In 1539, he accompanied his master to Venice, and stayed there after Salviati left in 1541. From 1541 to 1552 he worked at Padua, painting in particular a series of \' Scenes from the Life of John the Baptist'', in the Selvático Palace. In 1565, he returned to Rome to paint frescoes, left incomplete by his master, for the Sala Regia (*Emperor Frederick I. doing homage to Alexander III*) in the Vatican. He returned to Venice in 1565 to paint both in the Doge\'s Palace and Biblioteca Marciana, where he painted *Sibyls, the Prophets, and the Cardinal Virtues* ; and for the chapel, the *Dead Christ with his mother and Mary Magdalen*. He was elected into the Florentine Accademia dell\'Arte del Disegno. Much of his output was on now-lost external façade decoration. He also published a mathematically oriented treatises on decorative column design. He painted a *Descent from the Cross, with the Virgin, Mary Magdalene, and St. John* for the Church Degli Angeli at Murano.
Among his pupils were Pietro Malombra and Girolamo Gamberati
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# Macrino d'Alba
**Macrino d\'Alba** (c. 1460--1465 -- c. 1510--1520) was an Italian painter of the Renaissance period, active mainly in Piedmont, who is known for his altarpieces and portraits. His birth name was *Gian Giacomo de\' Alladio*.
## Life
The lack of documentary sources on Macrino who is believed to have been born in Alba has led in the past to many dubious attributions of works from the Piedmont area to this painter. A more thorough critique has allowed to lift some of the uncertainty about his biography. It is now known that he was in fact called Gian Giacomo de \'Alladio and was nicknamed \'Macrino\' probably because of his slim and gaunt build. His *Self-portrait* (Torino, Museo Civico d\'Arte Antica) does not throw much light on the question of his build. He was a descendant of a family with some social status in Alba.
Nothing is known about his artistic training in his native city and he may well have trained elsewhere. It is believed he was in Rome around 1490. Even so, the actual formation of Macrino was obtained from his study of Tuscan and Umbrian masters such as Luca Signorelli and Perugino who worked at the papal seat.
## Work
Macrino was an eminently eclectic painter and an extraordinary assimilator of aesthetic trends that had developed in Rome and Tuscany and had given birth to the Italian Renaissance.
His work shows in particular a stylistic affinity with that of Pinturicchio, which has given rise to the hypothesis that Macrino frequented his workshop. There he must have learned the use of bright colours and the placing of his scenes among bold Renaissance architecture and landscapes rich in Roman ruins and \"antiques\". Also on the technical plan the use of hatching with a very lean tempera layer under a detailed design made by brush was probably learned from Pinturicchio.
He painted the *Resurrection* for the chapel of *Sant'Ugone* at the Certosa di Pavia. He also painted in the church of San Francesco at Alba and worked in the Vigevano Cathedral. He achieved an artistic high-point in the altarpiece of the *Virgin Enthroned between SS John the Baptist and James, a Bishop Saint and St Jerome* (1503, Casale Monferrato, Santuario Crea). The composition is sober and dignified, full of light and colour
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# List of Japanese World War II explosives
This is a complete list of Japanese explosives used during the Second World War. It is sorted according to application.
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Explosive | Type | Application | Navy\ | Japanese designation | Comments |
| | | | or Army | | |
+===========================+======================================+================================+=========+=======================================+==========================================================================+
| Mercury fulminate\ | Primer cap composition | | Army | Bakufun | Mk I and Mk III powders are ammunition primers, Mk II is a fuze primer |
| Potassium chlorate\ | | | | | |
| Antimony trisulfide | | | | | |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Potassium chlorate\ | Primer cap composition | | Both | \- | Most common mixture for fuze primers |
| Antimony trisulfide | | | | | |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Mercury fulminate | Initiator in fuzes and blasting caps | | Both | Raikoo (Thunder Mercury) | |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Lead azide | Initiator in fuzes and blasting caps | | Both | Chikka Namari | Most common initiator |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Tetryl | Sub-booster | | Both | Meiayaku | Pressed. |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| RDX | Sub-booster | | Army | Shouyaku | Pressed. Often used with wax |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 70% Trinitroanisole\ | Main charge, auxiliary booster | bombs, sea mines,\ | Navy | H~2~ kongo or Type 98 | Pressed. |
| 30% HND | | depth charges | | | |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| TNT | Main charge | Projectiles, hand grenades\ | Army | Chakatusuyaku\ | Usually cast in paper wrapped blocks |
| | | rarely in bombs | | (tea colored explosive) | |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Picric acid | Main charge and\ | bombs, projectiles,\ | Both | Ooshokuyaku (Yellow color explosive)\ | Most commonly used booster. Pressed |
| | main booster charge | sea mines, land mines | | or Shimose | |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 66% Ammonium perchlorate\ | Main charge | mines, depth charges | Navy | Type 88 | Loose grey powder. Friction sensitive. |
| 16% Silicon carbide\ | | | | | |
| 12% wood pulp\ | | | | | |
| 6% oil | | | | | |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Trinitroanisole | Main charge | bombs | Navy | Type 91 | Cast |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 60% Trinitroanisole\ | Main charge | torpedo warheads | Navy | Type 94 | |
| 40% RDX | | | | | |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 60% TNT\ | Main charge | torpedo warheads,\ | Navy | Seigate or Type 97 | Cast blocks |
| 40% HND | | depth charges | | | |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 70% Trinitroanisole\ | Main charge | bombs, sea mines,\ | Navy | Type 98 | Poured into case and cast |
| 30% HND | | depth charges | | | |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 81% Ammonium picrate\ | Main charge | depth charges | Navy | Type 1 | Loose powder |
| 16% aluminium powder\ | | | | | |
| 2% wood pulp\ | | | | | |
| 1% oil | | | | | |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 60% TNT\ | Main charge | torpedo warheads | Navy | Otsu-B | |
| 24% HND\ | | | | | |
| 16%aluminium powder | | | | | |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 25% TNT\ | Main charge | bombs | Army | Chaooyaku | Used rarely. TNT lowers the melting point making it suitable for casting |
| 75% picric acid | | | | | |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 50% Picric acid\ | Main charge | projectiles | Army | Oonayaku | Used rarely. Dinitronapthalene aids casting. |
| 50% Dinitronaphthalene | | | | | |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 90% Picric acid\ | Main charge | projectiles | Army | Ooshivaku | Used in the nose of armour piercing projectiles. Insensitive. |
| 10% Wax | | | | | |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 70% TNT\ | Main charge | projectiles | Army | Chanayaku | Cast |
| 30% Dinitronaphthalene | | | | | |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 70% to 50% TNT\ | Main charge | bombs, projectiles, landmines\ | Army | Nigo tanooyaku (Mk2) | Cast |
| 30% to 50% RDX | | and bangalore torpedoes | | | |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 75% Ammonium nitrate\ | Main charge | bombs | Army | Anga yaku | Cast in case
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# Kallas
**Kallas** is a common Estonian surname (meaning shore), and may refer to:
- Aino Kallas (1878--1956), Finnish-Estonian writer
- (born 1973), Estonian poet and journalist
- Kaja Kallas (born 1977), Estonian politician, High Representative of the European Union since 2024
- Karol Kallas (born 1972), Estonian art critic and journalist (:et)
- Kristina Kallas (born 1976), Estonian politician
- Madis Kallas (born 1981), Estonian decathlete
- (1929--2006), Estonian caricaturist and graphical artist
- Oskar Kallas (1868--1946), Estonian diplomat and linguist
- Raivo Kallas (born 1957), Estonian politician
- Rudolf Kallas (1851--1913), Estonian clergyman and pedagogue
- Salim Kallas (1936−2013), Syrian actor and politician
- Siim Kallas (born 1948), Estonian politician
- Teet Kallas (born 1943), Estonian writer
Greek:
- Kallas, ancient Greek general of the Philip II of Macedon and Alexander the Great
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# Alder Grange School
**Alder Grange School** is a secondary school and sixth form located in the east Lancashire town of Rawtenstall, England.
## Facilities
The school\'s sporting facilities include a gymnasium, a 3G pitch with astroturf, and Alder Grange Sports Centre - a fitness room with sports hall. The sports hall opened in 2008 which includes various facilities which include badminton courts, table tennis tables, outdoor football space and basketball courts.
Elsewhere, the school has one cafeteria, five science labs, four specialised technology rooms including a kitchen for food technology, a music room and one IT suite.
The school is closely linked to school technology provider Promethean and has taken part in trials of new products, as well as frequently using current ones in day-to-day lessons.
## Awards and status {#awards_and_status}
It previously held specialist school status as a Technology College (since 1993) and a second award in Applied Learning. In 2007 it was designated a High Performing Specialist School. The specialist school programme ended in 2013.
## Extra curricular activities {#extra_curricular_activities}
Apart from academic work, students at Alder Grange can participate in other activities. These include the Music School (includes extra instrument lessons or taking part in school productions such as a rendition of Grease) and formerly the Duke of Edinburgh award scheme (bronze to silver).
## ag6
In January 2011, Alder Grange School opened its new sixth form centre for 16- to 18-year-olds, giving its students an easier choice when they carry on full-time education after 16. The building had a construction cost of £6 million, and offers around 100 student places per academic year.
### Facilities {#facilities_1}
Facilities at the new ag6 building includes a catering kitchen and café, media studio with camera equipment, a science laboratory, a student social area with library, staff lounge and horticulture equipment.
### Courses
At ag6, students can take academic A levels, vocational BTEC (or similar) qualifications, or a mixture of both. Courses available include classic academic courses such as English literature, mathematics, sociology, the law, to vocational ones such as performing arts and creative media.
## Alderbeat
Alder Grange School launched its own internal radio station named Alderbeat in February 2012, after purchasing high-end radio equipment. The station was broadcast on 87.9FM and was played throughout the school. The station manager was an Alder Grange student. Alderbeat was discontinued in March 2017
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# Network-i
**Network-i Ltd** was a datacentre company headquartered in Slough, Berkshire, England. The company provided hosting, colocation, network and cloud based services from its datacentres located in the United Kingdom.
The company was formed in 1996 as the Internet Service Provider Consortium with a remit to provide reliable core transit facilities. The company changed its name to Network-i in 1998 when the consortium members sold a controlling majority of the shares to the management team, headed by Barry Reynolds, a former finance director at British Gas. Under his stewardship, the company established a carrier class datacentre on Slough Trading Estate and began to offer broadband services and hosting facilities. In early 2000, Reynolds ceded responsibility for running the company to Sandeep Sharma, a conferencing industry veteran.
In 2006, the company was the first datacentre operator worldwide to gain ISO 27001:2005 accreditation. Network-i opened a second datacentre in January 2009.
On 5 August 2010 Network-i was acquired by Virtustream.
Network-i ceased trading on 28 December 2017.
## Datacentres
Network-i operated two ISO 27001 certified carrier-neutral datacentres in the UK
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# James Weirick
**Professor James Weirick** is an Australian academic who was the Director of the Master of Urban Development and Design (MUDD) program at the University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia. This program was last run in 2019.
Professor Weirick is well known as a world authority on Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony Griffin, the architects who won the international competition to design the masterplan for Australia\'s capital, Canberra.
Prior to joining UNSW in 1991, Weirick was Head of Landscape Architecture at RMIT University (1988--91). He held academic positions at RMIT from 1987 to 1993. He was a lecturer in Landscape Architecture at Canberra College of Advanced Education (1982--1986). He has had various consultancies in Sydney, Melbourne and Canberra. Weirick holds a Master of Landscape Architecture from Harvard University.
## Selected publications {#selected_publications}
- Walker, M., Kabos, A. and Weirick, J. (1994) Building for nature : Walter Burley Griffin and Castlecrag, Castlecrag, N.S.W
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# Holes in the Wall
***Holes in the Wall*** is the debut studio album by The Electric Soft Parade, released on 4 February 2002. The album was released by db Records and was nominated for the Mercury Music Prize. The album features a wide array of sounds, ranging from hard-edged guitar rock (namely \"Start Again\" and \"Why Do You Try So Hard to Hate Me\"), anthemic pop (the epic \"Silent to the Dark\"), and somber acoustic tracks like \"It\'s Wasting Me Away\".
## Singles
In the UK, there were several singles released. Prior to the album\'s release, the band issued the double A-side singles \"Silent to the Dark\"/\"Something\'s Got to Give\" on 30 April 2001, \"Empty at the End\"/\"Sumatran\" on 23 July 2001, and \"There\'s a Silence\" (with the B-sides \"On the Wires\" and \"Broadcast\") on 29 October 2001. \"There\'s a Silence\" reached number 52 on the UK Singles Chart.
After the album\'s release, a new version of \"Silent to the Dark\" (entitled \"Silent to the Dark II\" and mixed by Danton Supple) was released on 4 March 2002, and reached number 23 on the UK Singles Chart. Another double A-side single, \"Empty at the End\"/\"This Given Line\", was released on 20 May 2002 and charted at number 39 in the UK. The album\'s final single, \"Biting the Soles of My Feet\" (titled on the single as \"Same Way, Every Day (Biting the Soles of My Feet)\"), was released on 30 September 2002 and did not chart in the UK.
## Reception
Upon its release, *Holes in the Wall* received some critical acclaim. At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews and ratings from mainstream critics, the album has received a metascore of 73, based on 9 reviews, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\". AllMusic reviewer Lee Meyer awarded the album four out of five stars, and stated that \"one of the album\'s greatest virtues is its memorable melodies, as exemplified in the catchy choruses of songs like \'Empty at the End\' and \'Silent to the Dark\'.\" Meyer further hailed, \"The White brothers also have ear-catching production on their side, giving their album true flavor by infusing it with splashes of electronics and keyboards, psychedelic swirl, and the occasional irregular time signature.\"
## Track listings {#track_listings}
### Vinyl track listing {#vinyl_track_listing}
SIDE A
1. \"This Given Line\" -- 4:12
2. \"Empty at the End\" -- 3:01
3. \"Something\'s Got to Give\" -- 3:49
4. \"There\'s a Silence\" -- 2:52
SIDE B
1. \"It\'s Wasting Me Away\" -- 4:17
2. \"Silent to the Dark\" -- 9:00
SIDE C
1. \"Sleep Alone\" -- 4:09
2. \"Why Do You Try So Hard to Hate Me\" -- 4:38
3. \"Holes in the Wall\" -- 5:14
SIDE D
1. \"Biting the Soles of My Feet\" -- 6:25
2
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# Joseph Silver
**Joseph Silver** (born **Józef Lis**; 1868--1918) was a Polish gangster active in the late 19th century and early 20th century. A career criminal, Silver was involved in organized crime, specifically human trafficking and prostitution rings throughout Europe, the Americas and Southern Africa, oftentimes supported by corrupt law enforcement, becoming known as the \"King of Pimps\".
## Early life {#early_life}
### Background
Silver\'s family, on both his paternal and maternal side, were Jewish tobacco merchants and hailed from Działoszyce and Opatów respectively, in what is now Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. His father Anzelm Lis was born in 1849 in Chmielnik while his mother Hanna Kweksylber was born in 1850 in Staszów. They separately moved to Kielce in 1863, married in 1866 and lived primarily in a tenement on Hipoteczna Street (now Wolności Square). Silver was born in 1868 as the third of nine children (five girls and four boys) and raised with Yiddish as the household language.
The marriage of Silver\'s parents was marked by dysfunction. Hanna had several extra-marital affairs, resulting in the birth of Silver\'s younger brother Jacob in 1873, who was knowingly raised as Anzelm\'s son. Anzelm, a tailor by trade, was active in petty crime, being involved in the smuggling of alcohol and tobacco, and is known to have acted in at least one robbery on a fur store, but despite being identified, he was released without punishment after the arrest. The couple divorced in 1892, but they still shared living space, eventually reconciling in 1912. South African historian Charles van Onselen posits that Silver\'s misogyny was influenced by his mother\'s infidelities.
### Name
His original Polish name \"Lis\" means \"Fox\". His alias \"Silver\", was a reference to his mother, whose maiden name was Kweksylber, derived from the German surname Quecksilber, both meaning Quicksilver. He was also known as Joe Liss, Joe Eligmann, James Smith, Joseph Schmidt, José Silva (also Silves), J. Cosman, Charlie Silver, Charles Greenbaum, Abraham Ramer and Ludwig.
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# Joseph Silver
## Career
At age 15, Silver, following the footsteps of several cousins, left Poland, obtained a passport on 14 August 1884, and entered the United Kingdom sometime in 1885, beginning his criminal career in the East End of London, where he also started taking on numerous aliases and began cooperating with corrupt police officers for his personal gain, until leaving for the United States in 1889. In New York City, he served two years at Sing Sing prison for a Lower East Side burglary in which he stole \$1.50 (`{{Inflation|index=US|value=1.50|start_year=1885|r=0|fmt=eq}}`{=mediawiki}) and a silk shawl. Silver was released on 12 October 1891 and according to his own testimony, supported by police records, he ended up working as a \"special agent\" for NYC\'s `{{Interlanguage link|Society for the Prevention of Crime|de}}`{=mediawiki}. Between 1893 and 1894, Silver was involved in criminal activity in Pittsburgh and in 1895, Silver fled New York for London, where he went on to run a brothel near Waterloo station. Shortly after, he was tried for rape, but acquitted on a technicality before serving a sentence in HM Prison Pentonville and HM Prison Wormwood Scrubs for petty larceny. While in London, Silver was recorded as marrying three times: Hannah Opticer, Hannah Vygenbaum, a.k.a. Annie Alford, and Rachel Laskin a.k.a. Lizzie Silver, all of them fellow Polish Jews from Opatów, his mother\'s ancestral home, whom he had forced into prostitution beforehand. Silver was known to mistreat his wives, as well as the prostitutes and sex slaves that labored in his brothels, regularly subjecting them to sexual assaults. Contemporary accounts, as well as three of the four known photographs that exist of Silver which showed that his face was riddled with deep pockmarks, indicated that he contracted syphilis in the 1890s.
In 1898, Silver, along with his third wife Rachel Laskin, appeared in the South African Republic. In Johannesburg, he operated a network of cafes, cigar shops and police-protected brothels, with the sex workers at the latter being primarily composed of Jewish women that were trafficked from parts of Eastern Europe, steadily expanding his criminal reach within the country, including to the cities of Kimberley, Cape Town, and Bloemfontein. He based his activities out of an establishment called the American Club, located on Sauer Street, which was described as housing \"a trade union of pimps in coded, telegraphic and postal communication\". During his time in South Africa, Silver frequently engaged in litigation and wrote vehement letters to newspapers who reported on his racketeering. The majority of his aliases appear to date from his period in South Africa. Silver\'s brutality was noted to escalate, with him once punishing a disobedient prostitute by subduing her with chloroform and threatening to pour irritating blue vitriol into her vagina and in 1898, he intimidated Lillie Bloom, a prostitute who had threatened to expose Silver\'s abuse to the authorities, by telling her in front of police that he would \"slit \[her\] belly open\" in Yiddish, which the officers did not understand. Silver continued to cooperate with police to maintain his connections and get rid of competitors, often providing anonymous testimony for criminal trials regarding burglary or theft. Nevertheless, Silver was briefly imprisoned in Old Fort Prison, where he raped a Zulu inmate, an act which, according to van Onselen, led to the coinage of the derorgatory term \"impimpi\" as a police informer in South African English slang, and \"AmaSilva\" as a prison term for a procurer, specifically one who provides young white males as sex partners, to imprisoned members of the Ninevites. In 1905, Silver left for German South West Africa, setting up illegal brothels in Swakopmund and Windhoek, for which he was convicted in 1906 and sentenced to three years imprisonment, of which he served two. Afterwards, he left the continent for Europe again, leaving behind his wife, who was subsequently admitted to a mental asylum in Potchefstroom, where she died in 1945.
After arriving in Neumünster, Silver headed for Paris, where his mugshot was taken by French authorities police in 1909. For a year, he ran prostitution rings in Antwerp, Brussels, Liège, and Aachen. Silver moved to Balvanera, Buenos Aires in 1910 and conducted human trafficking operations for his brothels in Europe within neighboring Chile, largely in the area between Santiago and Valparaíso, in addition to gun-running, while working as a police officer. Silver\'s last official residence was in Rio de Janeiro, where he lived between 1914 and 1916, although he was known to occasional stay in New York City and London.
In 1917, during the late stage of World War I, while Silver was in Europe, he was recruited by the newly formed Russian government to act as a spy in Austria-Hungary. Silver was caught in Austrian Galicia and held in a prison in Jarosław, where he was executed for espionage in the spring of 1918.
## Jack the Ripper suspect {#jack_the_ripper_suspect}
In 2007, Charles van Onselen claimed in the book *The Fox and The Flies: The World of Joseph Silver, Racketeer and Psychopath* that Silver was the infamous Jack the Ripper serial killer in the Whitechapel murders in 1888, citing their shared \"pathological misogyny\" and apparent desire \"to exploit and humiliate\" prostitutes inspired by Ezekiel 23:25, also alleging that Silver was motivated by a twisted interpretation of Tevilah instead involving the bathing in the blood of prostitutes, a claim that has been characterized as antisemitic blood libel. Building on the assertion, crime authors connected him to Lewis Lis, a shopkeeper who owned a business in Plumber\'s Row near Whitechapel, and Joseph Isaacs, a potential suspect in the murder of Mary Jane Kelly, claiming that Isaacs was another one of Silver\'s aliases, both based largely around their shared names. Critics note, among other things, that van Onselen provides no evidence that Silver was even in London during the months the murders took place and that the accusation is based entirely upon speculation. Van Onselen has responded that the number of circumstances involved should make Silver a suspect. He would have been 20 at the time, much younger than contemporary suspect descriptions of Jack the Ripper
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# South Parade Pier
The **South Parade Pier** is a pier in Portsmouth, England. It is one of two piers in the city, the other being Clarence Pier. The pier once had a long hall down its centre which housed a seating area and a small restaurant. The outside of the hall is a promenade which runs the length of the pier. Once fallen into disrepair, as of 2017, the pier has been developed into an amusement arcade and food outlet.
The South Parade Pier, in Southsea, part of the English city of Portsmouth, is a pleasure pier offering typical seaside attractions including souvenir shops, ice creams, indoor amusements and a small children\'s funfair. It also contains a fishing deck and two function rooms which are often used for live music.
## History
### Early history {#early_history}
The history of the pier has been eventful; like many UK piers. Construction started in 1878 and was officially opened on 26 July 1879. The pier\'s pavilion was destroyed by fire on 19 July 1904. The pier was then sold to the Portsmouth corporation for £10,782. The pier officially reopened 12 August 1908. In 1914 in an attempt to improve the financial prospects of Seaview Chain Pier the Seaview steam packet company was formed and began running a service between Seaview Chain Pier and South Parade Pier. The service came a halt in September 1914 and was formally prevented from further running by the Admiralty in 1915.
### Mid 20th century {#mid_20th_century}
It was partly dismantled during the Second World War in an attempt to hinder any invasion.
On June 11, 1974, during shooting of the film *Tommy*, the pier caught fire. Around 400 visitors plus film extras had to run for safety, with some jumping into the sea to escape the flames. The film crew were situated in a dance hall in the middle of the pier when drummer Joe Nicholls, who had to abandon his drum kit, noticed black polythene coating over the windows. The majority of people on the pier at the time were extras for the film, while Nicholls noted that the evacuation was relatively ordinary, with only a small scramble towards the end. Around half the seaward end of the pier was destroyed, including the loss of the ballroom and a children\'s playground. One theory for the cause was due to arc lights overheating, while other sources noted that smoke canisters were used and plastic sheeting caught fire, with the flames, which could be seen from around 10 miles away, quickly engulfing the wooden ballroom structure.
In the 1980s the pier\'s Gaiety and Albert ballrooms were used several times a week for discos organised by Portsmouth Polytechnic students. The pier appeared in an episode of Mr. Bean entitled *Mind the Baby, Mr. Bean.*
### 21st century {#st_century}
The Pier was sold to three businessmen in 2010, who pledged to restore it to its former glory. The iconic pier is now owned by Frederick Nash, director of Hampshire property firm Matchams South Coast, and partners Tony Marshall, a London lawyer, and Cambridgeshire stud farm proprietor David Moore.
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# South Parade Pier
## Refurbishment and reopening {#refurbishment_and_reopening}
The deck was closed to the general public due to health and safety concerns in April 2012. Limited access was granted to people fishing, but access was withdrawn for all other potential users. At the beginning of November the pier was completely closed and fenced off by Portsmouth City Council as it was a danger to the public. A couple of days later the council reopened the front of the pier, which included part of the arcade and other bits which are on land.
In December 2012, an attempt to sell the pier at auction failed. Parts of the boat deck at the end of South Parade Pier broke off and washed up on Southsea beach after being battered by bad weather on the night of 5 February 2014. Shops that face the South Parade reopened in April 2015. The pier was purchased by South Parade Pier Limited in 2014, who in June 2015 submitted plans to the council to bring the pier back into use as a music venue and as a mooring for boats. By this time, 95% of the structural repair work had been completed, to shortly be followed by building refurbishment.
The Pier was finally repaired and reopened on 14 April 2017 with a refurbished amusement arcade and a cafe. Deep Blue Restaurants opened in the Summer in the former Albert Tavern building. The pier is now run by the South Parade trust which aims to acquire and improve, sustain and develop the property and business of South Parade Pier.
In July 2019, a Funfair named \"Kidz Island\" was opened on the pier. In November 2019, it was confirmed that Richard Cadell had signed a deal to keep the Funfair on the Pier under a 15-year licence. The final restoration works completed in November 2019 with the opening of a £200,000 rebuilt boat deck, the former being removed in 2014 due to storms.
## Kidz Island attractions {#kidz_island_attractions}
### Current
Name Opened Manufacturer Description
------------------- -------- ---------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bumper Carz 2021 Land-based Bumper Boats. Did not appear for the 2024 season, but returned in 2025.
Drop \'n\' Twist 2021 SBF Visa Group A mini drop-tower ride.
Happy Caterpillar 2020 Güven Lunapark A Wacky Worm Roller Coaster.
Helicopters 2020 PM Rides A Disney-themed Helicopter ride.
Heroes 2024 Rides & Fun ,
Miami Surf 2021 Danum UK A mini `{{Interlanguage link|Miami Trip|lt=miami ride|qid=Q131427597|short=s}}`{=mediawiki}.
Pirate 2020 Güven Lunapark A Pirate Ship.
Quadbikes 2019 Mini Quad Bikes.
### Former
Name Opened Removed Description
---------------------- -------- --------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
100 Smiles an Hour 2019 2020 A Kiddie Chair O\' Planes Ride.
Carousel 2019 2020 A traditional Carousel.
Dodgems 2019 2019 A traditional Bumper Car ride. It was lent to the Pier by an independent operator for the 2019 season.
Giant Helter-Skelter 2019 2019 A traditional Helter-Skelter built by Supercar. It was lent to the Pier by an Independent operator for the 2019 season.
Happy Catapiller 2019 2019 A Wacky Worm Roller Coaster built by Pinfari. This was relocated from the nearby Clarence Pier and was lent to South Parade Pier for the 2019 Season.
Mini Jets 2019 2023 A Mini Jet Ride with themed cars.
Race-O-Rama 2022 2024 A Cars themed convoy ride.
Wacky Races 2019 2024 A small convoy car ride
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# Felix of Moray
**Felix** was a 12th-century prelate based in Scotland. His career is rather obscure, and he himself is little more than a name of a Bishop of Moray. Felix appears to have been the successor to Bishop William, Papal legate, who died in 1162. We know that the diocese of Moray was still vacant in 1164, and Felix does not occur in the records until some point between 1166 and 1171. Felix must have died or, less likely, resigned the bishopric in either 1170 or 1171, for in the latter year his successor Simon de Tosny received election
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# Tennessee State Route 319
**State Route 319 (SR 319)** is a state highway in southeast Tennessee, starting at the intersection of SR 153 in Chattanooga, traveling to the area of Soddy-Daisy where it intersects with US 27, and the route comes to an end.
## Route description {#route_description}
**SR 319** begins on the northeast side of Chattanooga at SR 153 as a segment of Amnicola Highway. SR 319 then turns north as DuPont Parkway to have an interchange with Access Road and Hixson Pike. It then turns east, junctions with SR 153, turns back north along SR 153 and begins a very short 0.7 mile-long concurrency. It again interchanges and becomes concurrent with Hixson Pike, turning northeast and leaving Chattanooga/Hixson 3.7 miles from SR 153. SR 319 then enters the community of Middle Valley and after 3.3 miles it leaves Middle Valley corporate limits and enters the city of Lakesite. In this area it turns back and forth from east to north. After it leaves Lakesite it passes the Sequoyah Nuclear Plant, turns northwest and enters Soddy-Daisy city limits to end at US 27/SR 29
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# Germanische Altertumskunde Online
***Germanische Altertumskunde Online**\'\', formerly called***Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde**\'\', is a German encyclopedia of the study of Germanic history and cultures, as well as the cultures that were in close contact with them.
The first edition of the *Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde* appeared in four volumes between 1911 and 1919, edited by Johannes Hoops. The second edition, under the auspices of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities, was edited by Heinrich Beck (from vol 1, 1968/72), Heiko Steuer (from vol. 8, 1991/94), Rosemarie Müller (from 1992), and Dieter Geuenich (from vol. 13, 1999), and was published by Walter de Gruyter in 35 volumes between 1968 and 2008.
In 2010, the most recent version was published, now renamed *Germanische Altertumskunde Online*. Edited by Heinrich Beck, Heiko Steuer, Dieter Geuenich, Wilhelm Heizmann, Sebastian Brather, Steffen Patzold and Sigmund Oehrl, it is published online by De Gruyter, accessible via subscription
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# A Moment's Pleasure
***A Moment\'s Pleasure*** is a 1979 album by R&B musician Millie Jackson. It peaked at #47 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and #144 on The Billboard 200 chart. It includes the singles \"Never Change Lovers In The Middle of the Night\", \"Kiss You All Over\" and the title track.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
1. \"Never Change Lovers In The Middle of the Night\" (Keith Forsey, Mats Björklund)
2. \"Seeing You Again\" (Brad Shapiro, Millie Jackson)
3. \"Kiss You All Over\" (Mike Chapman, Nicky Chinn)
4. \"A Moment\'s Pleasure\" (George Jackson)
5. \"What Went Wrong Last Night Pt.1\" (Brad Shapiro, Millie Jackson)
6. \"What Went Wrong Last Night Pt.2\" (Brad Shapiro, Millie Jackson)
7. \"Rising Cost of Love\" (Bobby Martin, Zane Grey, Len Ron Hanks)
8. \"We Got To Hit It Off\" (Benny Latimore)
9
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# Durene
**Durene**, or **1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene**, is an organic compound with the formula C~6~H~2~(CH~3~)~4~. It is a colourless solid with a sweet odor. The compound is classified as an alkylbenzene. It is one of three isomers of tetramethylbenzene, the other two being prehnitene (1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene) and isodurene (1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene). Durene has an unusually high melting point (79.2 °C), reflecting its high molecular symmetry.
## Production
It is a component of coal tar and was first prepared from pseudocumene in 1870. It is produced by methylation of other methylated benzene compounds such as *p*-xylene and pseudocumene.
: C~6~H~4~(CH~3~)~2~ + 2 CH~3~Cl → C~6~H~2~(CH~3~)~4~ + 2 HCl
In industry, a mixture of xylenes and trimethylbenzenes is alkylated with methanol. Durene can be separated from its isomers by selective crystallization, exploiting its high melting point. The original synthesis of durene involved a similar reaction starting from toluene.
Durene is a significant byproduct of the production of gasoline from methanol via the \"MTG (Methanol to Gasoline) process\".
## Reactions and uses {#reactions_and_uses}
It is a relatively easily oxidized benzene derivative, with E~1/2~ of 2.03 V vs NHE. Its nucleophilicity is comparable to that of phenol. It is readily halogenated on the ring for example. Nitration gives the dinitro derivative, a precursor to duroquinone. In industry, it is the precursor to pyromellitic dianhydride, which is used for manufacturing curing agents, adhesives, coating materials. It is used in the manufacture of some raw materials for engineering plastics (polyimides) and cross-linking agent for alkyd resins. It is also a suitable starting material for the synthesis of hexamethylbenzene.
With a simple proton NMR spectrum comprising two signals due to the 2 aromatic hydrogens (2H) and four methyl groups (12H), durene is used as an internal standard.
## Safety
Durene is not a skin irritant nor a skin sensitizer or eye irritant. Durene is only slightly toxic on an acute toxicologic basis and only poses an acute health hazard when ingested in excessive quantities
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# Roger Willemsen
**Roger Willemsen** (15 August 1955 -- 7 February 2016) was a German author, essayist and TV presenter.
## Biography
Willemsen was born and passed his Abitur in Bonn. He studied German philology (Germanistik), philosophy and history of art in Bonn, Munich and Vienna and was awarded a scholarship by the Evangelisches Studienwerk. He did his postgraduate studies on Robert Musil and received his PhD.
He started his TV career in 1991 as head interviewer at *0137*, a daily talkshow and signature programme at newly founded German pay-TV *Premiere*. He performed about 1.000 interviews, including some with imprisoned members of the Red Army Faction, a fugitive bank robber, a leftover cosmonaut in space station MIR and a cannibal. He also interviewed Audrey Hepburn, Jesse Jackson, Yasser Arafat, Lech Wałęsa, Dame Edna Everage and Madonna. Driven by Willemsen, the show won numerous prestigious awards. Willemsen was praised for his intellect, charm and wit. 1994 Willemsen got his own show *Willemsens Woche* on public broadcaster ZDF. In 2006 he ended his career in mass-TV.
In 1999, he interviewed the German musician Herbert Grönemeyer for *Stern* after Grönemeyer\'s wife Anna had died of cancer. Willemsen wrote newspaper columns in *Zeit Magazin* and *Die Woche.* He authored about 50 books, many of them inspired by travelling such as *Die Enden der Welt / The Ends of the Earth*. His last bestseller, published in 2014, is *Das Hohe Haus: Ein Jahr im Parlament*, reflecting on a year sitting in meetings of the German parliament *Bundestag*.
He died of cancer on 7 February 2016, aged 60.
## Writings
- *Robert Musil.* Piper, München, Zürich 1985, `{{ISBN|3-492-05208-8}}`{=mediawiki}
- *Deutschlandreise.* Eichborn, Frankfurt am Main 2002, `{{ISBN|3-8218-0718-0}}`{=mediawiki}
- *Afghanische Reise.* Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2006, `{{ISBN|3-10-092103-8}}`{=mediawiki}
- *Momentum.* Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2012, `{{ISBN|978-3-10-092107-9}}`{=mediawiki}
- *Es war einmal oder nicht. Afghanische Kinder und ihre Welt*. S. Fischer Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2013, `{{ISBN|978-3-10-092108-6}}`{=mediawiki}
- *Das Hohe Haus: Ein Jahr im Parlament.* Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2014, `{{ISBN|978-3-10-092109-3}}`{=mediawiki}
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# Swiss Vapeur Parc
The **Swiss Vapeur Parc** is a miniature park in Le Bouveret, a village on Lac Léman, Switzerland. It was opened on June 6, 1989, by an International Festival of Steam (therefore steam trains). When the park opened its total surface area was 9000 m^2^ (2.2 acres), but the park expanded and as of 2007, the park covers a surface area of 17\'000 m^2^ (or 4.2 acres). In 1989, the park possessed only 2 locomotives (one running on benzine and one on steam). As of 2007, the number of trains running on benzine has sextupled while the number of steam trains has increased to 9 trains. By March 31, 2007, the Park has had 2\'126\'000 visitors.
Every June the park is host to the International Steam Festival.
## Image gallery {#image_gallery}
Image:Crossing bridge steam.jpg\|A train crosses a bridge in the parc Image:Reparations.jpg\|A train being oiled Image:Tank engine 1.jpg\|A tank engine Image:Train shed
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# Warehouse bank
A **warehouse bank** account is a bank account at a regular commercial bank in which all clients' funds are commingled or pooled, for the purpose of concealing the client\'s ownership of the funds.
## Financial crime {#financial_crime}
Fraud can happen when a commercial bank loans indefinitely to a smaller mortgage lending company without enough fail-safes in place, as was the case when Trust One Mortgage owner and operator Brady Bunte committed financial crimes with a scheme he devised. As Trey Garrison of *Housingwire.com* writes, \"From March 2007 through November 2008, Bunte caused Trust One to submit fraudulent funding requests on its warehouse line of credit to National City Bank. The fraudulent funding request caused National City Bank to incur a loss of \$12,744,678.16
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# Cinema of Georgia
The **cinema of Georgia** has been noted for its cinematography in Europe. Italian film director Federico Fellini was an admirer of the Georgian film: \"Georgian film is a completely unique phenomenon, vivid, philosophically inspiring, very wise, childlike. There is everything that can make me cry and I ought to say that it (my crying) is not an easy thing.\"
## Notable films {#notable_films}
- 1912
- *Journey of Akaki*
- 1942
- *Giorgi Saakadze*
- 1947
- *Akaki\'s Cradle*
- 1948
- *Keto and Kote*
- 1955
- *Magdana\'s Donkey*
- 1956
- *Bashi-Achuki*
- *The Scrapper (film)*
- 1958
- *Mamluk*
- 1959
- *Maia of Tskneti*
- 1960
- *Groom without a Diploma*
- 1961
- *The Story of a Destitute*
- 1962
- *Me, Grandma, Iliko and Ilarion*
- 1964
- *Father of a Soldier*
- *Khevisberi Gocha*
- 1965
- *Another Time (film)*
- 1968
- *Unusual Exhibition*
- 1969
- *The Right Hand of the Grand Master*
- *Don\'t Grieve*
- *Pirosmani*
- 1970
- *Feola*
- *Kvevri (film)*
- 1973
- *Stealing the Moon*
- *The Eccentrics*
- *Melodies of Vera Quarter*
- 1975
- *The First Swallow*
- 1976
- *The Wishing Tree*
- 1977
- *Butterfly*
- *Mimino*
- *Racha, My Love!*
- *Stepmother of Samanishvili*
- 1978
- *Data Tutashkhia*
- 1979
- *Imeretian Sketches*
- 1980
- *An Unserious Man*
- *Everyone Needs Love (film)*
- 1982
- *Kukaracha*
- 1983
- *Blue Mountains*
- 1984
- *Chiora*
- 1987
- *Repentance*
- 1990
- *The White Banners*
- 1992
- *The Sun of the Sleepless*
- 1994
- *Iavnana*
- 1996
- *A Chef in Love*
- 1998
- *The Lake (1998 Georgian film)*
- 1999
- *Here Comes the Dawn*
- 2000
- *27 Missing Kisses*
- 2001
- *The Migration of the Angel*
- 2005
- *A trip to Karabakh*
- *Tbilisi, Tbilisi*
- 2007
- *The Russian Triangle*
- 2008
- *Three Houses*
- *Mediator*
- 2009
- *The Other Bank*
- 2010
- *Street Days*
- *Chantrapas*
- 2011
- *Salt White*
- *Born in Georgia*
- *The Watchmaker*
- 2012
- *Keep Smiling*
- 2013
- *Tangerines*
- *Blind Dates*
- *In Bloom*
- 2014
- *Corn Island*
- *Brides*
- *Tbilisi, I Love You*
- *Line of Credit*
- *My Wife\'s Girlfriends in Cinema*
- 2015
- *Moira*
- *God of Happiness*
- *The Village*
- *The Summer of Frozen Fountains*
- 2016
- *House of Others*
- *Khibula*
- 2017
- *My Happy Family*
- *Scary Mother*
- *Hostages*
- *Dede*
- *Namme*
## Notable filmmakers {#notable_filmmakers}
Georgian cinematography\'s reputation has been built by known cinema directors such as:
- Vasil Amashukeli
- Alexandre Tsutsunava
- Nikoloz Shengelaia
- Mikheil Chiaureli
- Mikhail Kalatozov
- Revaz Chkheidze
- Tengiz Abuladze
- Eldar Shengelaia
- Giorgi Shengelaia
- Otar Ioseliani
- Mikheil Kobakhidze
- Sergei Parajanov
- Lana Gogoberidze
- Goderdzi Chokheli
- Temur Babluani
- Dito Tsintsadze
- Nana Jorjadze
- Zaza Urushadze
- Giorgi Ovashvili
- Levan Koguashvili
- Nana Ekvtimishvili
- Rusudan Chkonia
- Zaza Rusadze
From 2012, the main focus of Georgian cinema is supporting script writing and European co-productions
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# Cycling at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Women's cross-country
These are the official results of the **Women\'s Mountainbike Race** at the **1996 Summer Olympics** in Atlanta, Georgia. There were a total number of 27 participants, with two non-finishers, in this inaugural Olympic event, over 31.8 kilometres, held on July 30, 1996. The mountain biking events were held at the Georgia International Horse Park in Conyers, Georgia, located 30 miles (50 km) east of Atlanta.
## Final classification {#final_classification}
RANK CYCLIST NOC TIME
------ --------------------- ----- -------------
Paola Pezzo **1:50.51**
Alison Sydor **1:51.58**
Susan DeMattei **1:52.36**
4\. Gunn-Rita Dahle **1:53.50**
5\. Elsbeth Vink **1:54.38**
6\. Annabella Stropparo **1:55.56**
7\. Regina Marunde **1:57.21**
8\. Kathy Lynch **1:57.40**
9\. Eva Orvošová **1:57.56**
10\. Juli Furtado **1:58.32**
11\. Laurence Leboucher **1:59.00**
12\. Daniela Gassmann **1:59.11**
13\. Lesley Tomlinson **2:01.04**
14\. Alla Yepifanova **2:01.35**
15\. Mary Grigson **2:02.38**
16\. Silvia Fürst **2:03.04**
17\. Erica Green **2:03.06**
18\. Kateřina Neumannová **2:04.03**
19\. Kateřina Hanušová **2:04.05**
20\. Laura Blanco **2:04.20**
21\. Lenka Ilavská **2:04.43**
22\. Deb Murrell **2:04.44**
23\. Kanako Tanikawa **2:05.44**
24\. Sandra Temporelli **2:06.57**
25\. Gao Hongying **2:09.08**
26\. Silvia Rovira **2:09.17**
27\. Nadezhda Pashkova **2:16
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# Gyrn Wigau
**Gyrn Wigau** is a summit of the Carneddau range in Snowdonia, Wales, and forms a part of the western Carneddau commonly known as the Beras. It is a top of Drosgl. It has only 15 metres of topographical prominence but is listed as a Nuttall
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# Craiglwyn
**Craiglwyn** is a top of Creigiau Gleision in Snowdonia, Wales, near Capel Curig. It lies at the south end of the Creigiau Gleision ridge, and offers good views of Carnedd Dafydd, Pen yr Helgi Du, Pen Llithrig y Wrach, Gallt yr Ogof, Tryfan and Moel Siabod
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| 0 |
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# Pen y Castell
**Pen y Castell** is a summit in the Carneddau mountains in north Wales. It tops the east ridge of Drum (Wales). The summit consists of rocky outcrops amid a small boggy plateau. Views of the higher Carneddau ridge to the west, Craig Eigiau to the south, Tal y Fan to the north and the Conwy valley to the east can be seen
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# Carnedd y Ddelw
**Carnedd y Ddelw** is a summit in the Carneddau mountains in north Wales, north-east of Foel-fras. It is the Nuttall top of Drum (Wales). Its eastern slopes are drained by the Afon Tafolog, a tributary of Afon Roe that flows through the village of Rowen before joining the River Conwy. It is also the final top on Carnedd Llewelyn\'s long northern spur. To the north-east is Tal y Fan, the most northerly 2000 foot tall mountain in the Carneddau and Wales. The summit has two large shelter cairns, hollowed out from a large Bronze Age burial cairn
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# Craig Eigiau
**Craig Eigiau** is a top of Foel Grach in the Carneddau range in Snowdonia, North Wales, Wales.
It is located on a broad ridge extending eastwards from Foel Grach, leading to a large peaty plateau, Gledrfordd, which ends with the cliffs of Craig Eigiau. The summit consists of a large rocky outcrop. Good views of Garnedd Uchaf, Foel-fras, Carnedd Llewelyn, Pen yr Helgi Du, Pen Llithrig y Wrach, Creigiau Gleision and Pen y Castell are observed
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# Drosgl
**Y Drosgl** is a summit of the Carneddau range in Snowdonia, Wales, and forms a part of the western Carneddau, also known as the Berau, meaning \'stacks\' or \'ricks\'. It lies on a ridge heading west from Carnedd Gwenllian and Bera Mawr towards Bethesda. A large ancient burial cairn, dating from the Bronze Age, adorns the summit, from where good views of Cwm Caseg and the Menai can be seen
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# Bera Mawr
**Bera Mawr** is a summit in the Carneddau mountains in north Wales, height 794 metres. It and Bera Bach are together known as the Berau, or northern Carneddau. The summit is a large rock tor, characteristic of the western Carneddau. There are views of Llwytmor and Foel-fras to the north-east, Garnedd Uchaf to the south-east, Bera Bach to the south, Drosgl to the west and the Menai to the north-west.
The Berau lie to the northwest of the two highest mountains in the Carneddau range: Carnedd Llewelyn and Carnedd Dafydd, both are named after 13th century Princes of Wales, Llywelyn the Great (1172-1240), and his grandson Prince Dafydd ap Gruffudd (1238-1283). It was in a bog in the northern foothills of Bera Mawr, at a place called Nanhysglain, that Prince Dafydd ap Gruffudd and his family were betrayed and captured in June 1283 during the Conquest of Wales by Edward I. In October, Dafydd was executed at Shrewsbury on the orders of Edward I. His death marked the end of the 700-year rule of Gwynedd by the family descended from Cunedda Wledig and an independent Wales
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# Llwytmor
**Llwytmor** is a satellite peak of Foel-fras, and forms a part of the Carneddau range. The summit is 849 metres (2,785 ft) above sea level and it contains a series of boulderfields, a shelter and several cairns. It is the 27th highest peak in Wales. In editions of OS Maps published into the 1960's it was called Llwydmor (Llwyd is the Welsh word for grey) and it is likely that the later substitution of 't' for 'd' is a typographical error.
On a fine day to the north, the summit offers extensive views towards the Menai Strait, Anglesey and on exceptionally clear days the Isle of Man across the Irish Sea can be seen. The Lake District in England and the Wicklow Mountains in Ireland are also visible on clear days. Carneddau mountain ponies graze on the mountain throughout the year. Its full name Llwytmor Uchaf means \"upper big (derived from the Welsh word "mawr") (&) grey\".
Llwytmor Bach, to the North West of Llwytmor summit itself, offers sweeping views into the Cwm Coch, Aber Falls and Afon Anafon valleys below. The summit of Llwytmor Bach also contains a small enclosed refuge shelter, which provides much more protection from poor weather than a standard summit shelter
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# North Carolina Highway 801
**North Carolina Highway 801** (**NC 801**) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of North Carolina. The highway runs north--south, traversing the central Piedmont region of the state.
## Route description {#route_description}
A two-lane rural highway, it traverses 53.9 mi from Mooresville to U.S. Route 601 (US 601) near Farmington. It links several small towns and communities including Cooleemee, Advance, Farmington, and Bermuda Run.
## History
NC 801 was first commissioned in 1927--28 as a short route traveling east--west from to NC 65 (now US 158) at the now-defunct town of Hillsdale. The route was extended south from its eastern terminus to connect with NC 90 (now US 64) by 1930, becoming a north--south route. In 1933, the route was extended again, from NC 90 southwest to Mooresville, replacing all of **NC 803**, which ran from US 601 south of Mocksville to NC 26 (now US 29) in Mooresville. Between 1934 and 1936, NC 801 was rerouted in the Hillsdale area, eliminating a concurrency with US 158. In the early 1950s, another short concurrency, with US 64, was replaced with a continuous alignment. When US 70 was shifted onto a new alignment, so did the NC 801 concurrency between 1956 and 1958.
### North Carolina Highway 803 {#north_carolina_highway_803}
**North Carolina Highway 803** (**NC 803**) was established as a new primary routing in 1931 as a spur of NC 80 (now US 601) to Cooleemee. In 1932 it was extended southwest through Barber to NC 150 (now NC 152) in Mooresville. In 1933, it was replaced by an extension of NC 801
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# James J. Quinn (Irish Army officer)
**James J. Quinn** (1918--1982) was a Major General in the Irish Army, and recipient of the Distinguished Service Medal as Force Commander for UNFICYP forces.
## Biography
Born in County Tipperary in 1918, he joined the Irish Army as an officer cadet in 1938, and was commissioned in 1939. He served in the infantry throughout The Emergency. In 1950 he attended the British Army\'s Staff College in Camberley.
He served subsequently as instructor in Irish Military College, being promoted colonel in 1959. In that year he was appointed CO of the Irish Army\'s Sixth Brigade. He served with the United Nations in the Congo (ONUC) from 1961 to 1962. He saw further service with the United Nations in Cyprus (UNFICYP) in 1964.
Quinn was appointed GOC Curragh Command 1968 to 1972, and as GOC Eastern Command 1972 to 1976. He was appointed Assistant Chief of Staff in 1976. Later that year he was promoted to major general and appointed commander of UN Forces in Cyprus (UNFICYP), in which capacity he served until 1981. He was the first Irish Army general to command British troops, since Britain provided a battalion as its contribution to UNFICYP. Earlier, an Irish army battalion had served in UNFICYP when the force commander (Brigadier A.J. Wilson) was a British general. Returning to Ireland that year, he was awarded the Irish Distinguished Service Medal. He retired from the Irish Army in 1982, and died later that year
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# Classical Realism
**Classical Realism** is an artistic movement in the late-20th and early 21st century in which drawing and painting place a high value upon skill and beauty, combining elements of 19th-century neoclassicism and realism.
## Origins
The term \"Classical Realism\" first appeared as a description of literary style, as in an 1882 criticism of Milton\'s poetry. Its usage relating to the visual arts dates back to at least 1905 in a reference to Masaccio\'s paintings. It originated as the title of a contemporary but traditional artistic movement with Richard Lack (1928--2009), who was a pupil of Boston artist R. H. Ives Gammell (1893--1981) during the early 1950s. Ives Gammell had studied with William McGregor Paxton (1869--1941) and Paxton had studied with 19th-century French artist, Jean-Léon Gérôme (1824--1904). In 1967 Lack established Atelier Lack, a studio-school of fine art patterned after the ateliers of 19th-century Paris and the teaching of the Boston impressionists. By 1980 he had trained a significant group of young painters. In 1982, they organized a traveling exhibition of their work and that of other artists within the artistic tradition represented by Gammell, Lack and their students. Lack was asked by Vern Swanson, director of the Springville Museum of Art, Springville, Utah, (the exhibition\'s originating venue), to coin a term that would differentiate the realism of the heirs of the Boston tradition from that of other representational artists. Although he was reluctant to label this work, Lack chose the expression \"Classical Realism.\" It was first used in the title of that exhibition: *Classical Realism: The Other Twentieth Century*. The term, \"Classical Realism\", was originally intended to describe work that combined the fine drawing and design of the European academic tradition as exemplified by Gérôme with the observed color values of the American Boston tradition as exemplified by Paxton.
In 1985 Atelier Lack began publishing the *Classical Realism Quarterly*, featuring articles written by Richard Lack and his students to educate and inform the public about traditional representational painting. In 1988 Lack and several associates founded The American Society of Classical Realism, a society organized to preserve and promote fine representational art. The ASCR functioned until 2005 and published the influential *Classical Realism Journal* and *Classical Realism Newsletter.*
In a separate vein, another major contributor to the revival of traditional drawing and painting knowledge is the painter and art instructor Ted Seth Jacobs (born 1927), who taught students at the Art Students League and the New York Academy of Art in New York City. Their lineage is rooted in the Académie Julian, the Golden Age of Illustration in New York, and the School of Paris. In 1987 Ted Seth Jacobs created his own art school, L\'Ecole Albert Defois in Les Cerqueux sous Passavant, France (49). Many of Jacobs\' students such as Anthony Ryder and Jacob Collins became influential teachers and acquired their own student following.
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# Classical Realism
## Style and philosophy {#style_and_philosophy}
Classical Realism is characterized by love for the visible world and the great traditions of Western art, including Classicism, Realism and Impressionism. The movement\'s aesthetic is classical in that it exhibits a preference for order, beauty, harmony and completeness; it is realist because its primary subject matter comes from the representation of nature based on the artist\'s observation. Artists in this genre strive to draw and paint from the direct observation of nature, and eschew the use of photography or other mechanical aids. In this regard, Classical Realism differs from the art movements of Photorealism and Hyperrealism, as well as from industry methods as used in disciplines such as concept art. Stylistically, classical realists employ methods used by both Impressionist and Academic artists.
Classical Realist painters have attempted to restore curricula of training that develop a sensitive, artistic eye and methods of representing nature that pre-date Modern Art. They seek to create paintings that are personal, expressive, beautiful, and skillful. Their subject matter includes all of the traditional categories within Western Art: figurative, landscape, portraiture, indoor and outdoor genre and still life paintings.
A central idea of Classical Realism is the belief that the Modern Art movements of the 20th century opposed the tenets and production of traditional art and caused a general loss of the skills and methods needed to produce it. Modernism was antagonistic to art as it was conceived by the Greeks, resurrected in the Renaissance, and carried on by the academies of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Classical Realist artists attempt to revive the idea of art production as it was traditionally understood: mastery of a craft in order to make objects that gratify and ennoble those who see them. This craftsmanship is then applied to drawing, painting or sculpting contemporary subjects which the artist observes in the modern world.
Like the 19th-century academic models from which it derives inspiration, the movement has drawn criticism for the premium placed upon technical performance, a tendency toward contrived and idealized depictions of the figure, and rhetorical overstatement when applied to epic narrative. Maureen Mullarkey of the *New York Sun* referred to the school as \"a contemporary style with retro appeal---like Chrysler\'s PT Cruiser\".
## Schools
The Classical Realist movement is currently sustained through art schools based on the Atelier Method. Many present-day academies and ateliers follow the Charles Bargue drawing course. Richard Lack is generally regarded as the founder of the contemporary atelier movement. His school, Atelier Lack, was founded in 1969 and became a model for similar schools. These modern ateliers are founded with the goal of revitalizing art education by reintroducing rigorous training in traditional drawing and painting techniques, employing teaching methodologies that were used in the École des Beaux-Arts. These schools pass on a method of instruction which melds formal academic art training with the influence of the French Impressionists.
Under the atelier model, art students study in the studio of an established master to learn how to draw and paint with realistic accuracy and an emphasis on rendering form convincingly. The foundation of these programs rests on an intensive study of the human figure, renderings of plaster casts of classical sculpture, and the emulation of their instructors. The goal is to make students adept at observation, theory, and craft while absorbing classical ideals of beauty.
## Atelier schools {#atelier_schools}
Atelier schools founded in this tradition include (in chronological order of founding):
- Kraków Academy of Fine Arts, Krakow, Poland (1818)
- Laguna College of Art and Design, Laguna Beach, California (1961)
- Atelier Lack., Minneapolis, Minnesota, (1969)
- Lyme Academy College of Fine Arts, Old Lyme, Connecticut (1976)
- Charles H. Cecil Studios, Florence, Italy (1983)
- Gage Academy of Art, Seattle, Washington, (1989)
- The Florence Academy of Art, Florence, Italy and Jersey City, New Jersey (1991)
- Academy of Classical Design, Southern Pines, North Carolina, (2000)
- The Grand Central Atelier, Long Island City, New York (2006)
- Samsara Academy of Art, Hyderabad, India (2019)
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# Classical Realism
## Notable artists {#notable_artists}
- William McGregor Paxton (1869-1941), painter
- R. H. Ives Gammell (1893-1981), painter, author
- Pietro Annigoni (1910--1988), painter
- Everett Raymond Kinstler (1926-2019), painter
- Richard F. Lack (1928-2009), painter, author
- Harvey Dinnerstein (1928-2022), painter
- Burton Silverman (born 1928), painter
- Richard Schmid (1934-2021), painter
- Samizu Matsuki (1936--2018), painter
- Nelson Shanks (1937--2015), painter
- Richard Whitney (born 1946), painter, author
- Ned Bittinger (born 1951), painter
- D. Jeffrey Mims (born 1954), painter
- Raymond Persinger (born 1959), sculptor
- Jacob Collins (born 1964), painter
- Igor Babailov (born 1965), painter
- Graydon Parrish (born 1970), painter
- Abbey Ryan (born 1979), painter
- Richard T
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# Bera Bach
**Bera Bach** is a summit, height 807 metres, in the Carneddau mountains in north Wales. It is part of a ridge leading west from Garnedd Uchaf. The summit is a rocky tor, characteristic of the northern Carneddau. Bera Mawr and Bera Bach are together known as the Berau, meaning \'ricks\' or \'stacks\'. They are both excellent examples of the area\'s tors. To the west, the ridge continues to Drosgl. Despite Bach in Welsh meaning small, it is higher than Bera Mawr (*mawr* in Welsh meaning \'big\').
**Bera Bach** can be climbed either from Aber Falls, or alternatively from Bethesda via Gyrn Wigau and Drosgl
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# The Windblown Hare
***The Windblown Hare*** is a Warner Bros. *Looney Tunes* animated short directed by Robert McKimson. The short was released on August 27, 1949, and stars Bugs Bunny. The title, another pun on \"hair\", refers to Bugs being subjected to the Wolf\'s \"blowing the houses down\".
## Plot
The Three Little Pigs, reading their story in a fairy tale book, decide to sell their straw and wooden houses to avoid the Wolf\'s wrath. Bugs Bunny falls for their scheme and buys the straw house, only for the Wolf to blow it down. Bugs then purchases the wooden house but faces the same fate. Seeking revenge, Bugs disguises himself as Little Red Riding Hood and tricks the Wolf into disrupting his own story.
As Bugs confronts the Wolf at Grandma\'s house, they engage in a battle of wits and physical comedy. Bugs eventually confronts the Wolf about blowing down his houses, upon which the Wolf says they belonged to the Pigs and he was just following the book. Realizing that they\'ve both been tricked, Bugs and the Wolf arrive at the Pigs\' brick house. Despite the Wolf thinking he can\'t blow it down, Bugs tells him to do so. While the Pigs mock the Wolf, he blows at the house, only for it to explode. Overjoyed, the Wolf exclaims he did it, much to the Pigs\' shock. Nearby, Bugs takes the credit, having used TNT to destroy the house, and laughs mischievously.
## Additional crew {#additional_crew}
- Film Edited by: Treg Brown
- Uncredited Orchestration by: Milt Franklyn
## Home media {#home_media}
*The Windblown Hare* is available on *Looney Tunes Golden Collection: Volume 3* DVD
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# SecureLog
In cryptology, **SecureLog** is an algorithm used to convert digital data into trusted data that can be verified if the authenticity is questioned. SecureLog is used in IT solutions that generates data to support compliance regulations like SOX.
## History
An algorithm used to make datalogs secure from manipulation. The first infrastructure supporting the algorithm was available on the Internet in 2006.
## Operation
SecureLog involves an *active key provider*, a *managed data store* and a *verification provider*.
Active Key Provider
: An active key provider distributes active keys to subscribers. An active key contains encrypted data representing time and a private secret. An active key has a validity period that is set by the active key provider.
Managed data store
: The managed data store is a subscriber to the active keys delivered by the active key provider. The managed data store uses the active keys to do asymmetric encryption, timestamping and archive the data into a locked database.
Verification provider
: The verification provider may read segments from the locked database and verify content, timestamps and that the integrity of the data has not been broken or manipulated since it was saved.
## Uses
The algorithm is used in several different use cases:
Compliance issues
: SecureLog is used to secure different types of data logs like access logs, email archives or transaction logs and is primarily in use where compliance might be an issue.
The administrator weak link problem
: One drawback with archiving solutions is that there is always an administrator that in the end has access to the information. This makes it difficult to trust the integrity of the data. SecureLog is used to solve the traditional administrator problem.
## Proposed uses {#proposed_uses}
Government use
: In the public sector several laws handles the archiving of data. It has been proposed that SecureLog can be used by a free institution to lock government logs and stop them from potential manipulation. Several potential use cases has been identified by EDRI [1](http://www.edri.org/)
The traffic logging problem
: The method can be used by the public to monitor what data the government is collecting from the public. It has been proposed to be used as a method to solve the privacy issues in the [EU Directive on Mandatory Retention of Communications Traffic Data](http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ
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# Captain Hareblower
***Captain Hareblower*** is a 1954 Warner Bros. *Merrie Melodies* theatrical cartoon short directed by Friz Freleng and written by Warren Foster. The short was released on January 16, 1954, and stars Bugs Bunny and Yosemite Sam.
This is the third of the three and final Warner Bros. shorts (the others being *Buccaneer Bunny* and *Mutiny on the Bunny*) in which Yosemite Sam is featured as a pirate, as well as the only one that is in the Merrie Melodies series. It is the only cartoon of the three in which both Bugs and Sam lose.
## Plot
A one-man Pirate crew Captain Yosemite Sam is sailing over an ocean on his ship singing \"Blow the Man Down.\" Sam looks through a telescope and sees a trading sailship nearby. Captain Yosemite Sam reveals his new desire to steal the ship for himself. He fires a warning shot from his cannon and lines up side-by-side with the ship ordering its surrender. Since Sam is a legendary intimidating pirate, the crew on the other ship surrender and abandon it. The captain and crew flee in fear at seeing \"Sam the Pirate\".
Bugs Bunny, lying in a box filled with carrots, hears the commotion on the ship and says to himself jokingly \"Sam the Pirate\", as that does not sound like a very intimidating name. Sam boards and Bugs says \"Ahoy there! What\'s up doc?\" Sam orders Bugs to surrender the ship. Bugs replies with \"Surrender? Never hoid of the woid. So you\'ll have to try to take the ship!\" Sam simply responds with a warning shot through Bugs\' Napoleonic hat and between his ears, leaving a lump on Bugs\' head (\"Now, he should know better than *that*!\").
Bugs and Captain Sam battle each other in a fierce duel. Bugs first manages to find and shoot Sam first (\"Blast, ya rabbit! Two can play that game!\"), and when Sam tries to himself, he ends up being shot again, much to his annoyance.
When Sam is filling his cannons and firing them, Bugs wanders onto Sam\'s ship and shoots Sam as he is filling one, turning Sam into a pile of rubble.
Later, Sam tries the same method on Bugs but this time, the cannon instead launches backwards into Sam, shooting himself out of the ship\'s side.
Next, Sam then tries to swing aboard Bugs\' ship. (\"Prepare to defend yourself, rabbit, cuz I\'m a-boarding your ship! Charge!\") However, there is another cannon in Sam\'s path resulting in him landing in the cannon. The cannon fires as Sam tries to retreat (much like in *Bunker Hill Bunny*).
Then, Sam then makes a model sailship using a barrel of dynamite. He lights it and blows into the sail to push the ship towards Bugs\' ship. Bugs tries to blow the explosive model ship back to no avail and then uses an electric fan to blow the ship back towards Sam; when Sam tries to blow it back it explodes when it reaches his face.
Then Sam dresses up in a diving suit, lights a fuse to a bomb and dives underwater. When he is swimming towards Bugs\' ship with the bomb, a fish comes up from behind and eats Sam. Seconds later the bomb detonates and blows up the fish, leaving only its shock-faced skeleton behind and Sam himself burned and dazed from the explosion.
Sam eventually corners Bugs on the crow\'s nest of Bugs\' ship. Sam tells Bugs to surrender but Bugs challenges Sam to climb up and get him first. Sam in reply uses an axe to chop down the mast and to avoid being hurt by the falling mast Sam takes cover when it is almost completely cut apart. When it remains still balanced on its last chunk holding it up, Sam walks under the rested mast to chop the final chunk of it off but before he can react the mast falls on itself and crushes Sam.
Sam eventually climbs out of the mast, gets back in shape and glares up at Bugs. He climbs up the net ladders and corners Bugs on the rigging (\"A-ha! Now I got ya, ya fur-bearin\' critter!\"). Bugs decides to take a dive in the ocean instead of facing Sam. When Sam tries to dive after Bugs he lands head-first onto a rock and falls in the water in massive pain.
Sam gives a final warning to Bugs once back on ship. Bugs Bunny tosses a lighted match into the powder room of Sam\'s ship. Sam frantically retrieves the match and tells Bugs \"Ya doggone idjit galut! You\'ll blow the ship to smithereenies! And if ya does that once more, I ain\'t a-goin\' after it!\" Bugs uses this stubbornness as an advantage to throw another match into the powder room forcing Sam to stand and wait like he said he would. After a few seconds, Sam changes his mind and runs after the match but by the time he does so, the ship blows up (similar to *Buccaneer Bunny*). An injured, ragged, burnt Sam is blown onto Bugs\' ship. To retaliate, Sam lights a match himself and tosses it into Bugs\' ship powder room (\"What\'s good for the goose is good for the gander!\"). Bugs however refuses to go after it and realizing that Bugs is serious, Sam panics, dives from the ship and swims off. Bugs Bunny reveals that his powder room is actually a make-up room, commenting \"I don\'t know what he\'s so excited about. Talcum powder doesn\'t explode.\" However this is proven false as after Bugs reveals the room, the ship blows up to smithereens, as well. As a defeated Bugs is tossed in the air he sadly stares as he says \"I could be wrong, you know\"
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11,020,828 |
# Denny McKnight
**Harmar Denny McKnight** (April 29, 1848 -- May 5, 1900) was an early baseball manager and executive. On October 15, `{{Baseball year|1881}}`{=mediawiki} he founded the Allegheny Base Ball Club of Pittsburgh in anticipation of playing in the new American Association. The club then became known as the Pittsburgh Alleghenys (now known as the Pittsburgh Pirates).
## Biography
### Personal life {#personal_life}
Denny was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He was the son of Robert McKnight, a Republican congressional legislator representing Pennsylvania\'s 22nd congressional district. His brother Woodruff, was an early baseball catcher for the Enterprise Base Ball Club in Pittsburgh. Denny graduated from Lafayette College in 1869. He then became director of an iron manufacturing company in 1876.
### Pittsburgh Allegheny and the International Association {#pittsburgh_allegheny_and_the_international_association}
McKnight\'s career in baseball began in 1876, when he and several local organizers formed the Allegheny Base Ball Club. The founding occurred just twenty days after Pittsburgh lost its bid to join the newly-formed National League. The club was named Pittsburgh Allegheny, a minor league baseball club which is unaffiliated with the modern day Pittsburgh Pirates. The team played their first game at Union Park on April 15, 1876, defeating the Xanthas 7-3, at Union Park.
In 1877, McKnight was named the manager of the Pittsburgh Allegheny as the club became one of the first minor league baseball clubs as member of the International Association for Professional Base Ball Players. He also later served as the International Association\'s president after Candy Cummings resigned from the post. The team and the league would however fold in 1878.
### Founding of the American Association {#founding_of_the_american_association}
On November 2, 1881, McKnight served as Allegheny\'s representative at the Gibson House in Cincinnati, Ohio during the founding meeting of the American Association. At the meeting, McKnight was made temporary chairman and Jimmy Williams was chosen temporary secretary of the Association. McKnight was the principal owner of the Pittsburgh Alleghenys in the American Association and even served as the club\'s manager at the beginning of their 1884 season. In 1884, Edmund C. Converse, of the National Tube Company, succeeded McKnight as president of the club, which remained in the American Association for the next five years.
### Move to the National League {#move_to_the_national_league}
McKnight served as president of the American Association until he was ousted in `{{Baseball year|1886}}`{=mediawiki}. His ouster was result of a controversy surrounding St. Louis Browns player Sam Barkley. In March 1886, Browns owner Chris von der Ahe offered Barkley for \$1000 to Allegheny, the first team to pay the money. Billy Barnie, the manager of the Baltimore Orioles, was able to have Barkley sign an undated contract with his team and wired the \$1000 asking price to Von der Ahe. However Von der Ahe had already secured a deal with McKnight, who was still the Alleghenys\' owner. Barkley was convinced by Von der Ahe to play for the Allegheny club instead of Baltimore. However the Orioles appealed the decision by McKnight, who used his position as the president of American Association to decide where Barkley would play. It was later decided that the American Association would suspend and fine Barkley for signing with Allegheny. However McKnight refused Barkley\'s punishment and did not tell Barkley he would be suspended for the year. Barkley sued the Association, but they settled out of court with the suspension being lifted although the fine stayed in place. Baltimore was offered and accepted Milt Scott as payment. For his role in the controversy, McKnight was ousted as American Association president. This then led Allegheny president William A. Nimick to move the team from the American Association to the National League.
### After baseball {#after_baseball}
McKnight left baseball in 1886. He worked for several years in New Mexico as a cattle company executive before returning to Pittsburgh and retiring from business. He died in Allegheny City on May 5, 1900, from what was termed \"congestion of the brain\"
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11,020,861 |
# Mullus
***Mullus*** is a subtropical marine genus of ray-finned fish of the family Mullidae (goatfish) and includes the red mullets, occurring mainly in the southwest Atlantic near the South American coast and in the Eastern Atlantic including the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. These fish are benthic and can be found resting and feeding over soft substrates.
## Distribution
Members of the genus *Mullus* can be found in the Atlantic Ocean, including the Mediterranean Sea. They are often found over soft substrates, such as sand, in which they search for prey using sensitive whiskers.
## Species
There are currently four recognized species in this genus:
Species Common name Image
------------------------------------------ -------------------- -------
*Mullus argentinae* Hubbs & Marini, 1933 Argentine goatfish
*Mullus auratus* Jordan & Gilbert, 1882 Red goatfish
*Mullus barbatus* Linnaeus, 1758 Red mullet
*Mullus surmuletus* Linnaeus, 1758 Surmullet
## Commercial Significance {#commercial_significance}
The most commercially important of these species is the Red Mullet (*M. barbatus*) which is common in Mediterranean cuisine and often fished for using seine nets, a practice thought to be damaging as it can remove large numbers of spawning fish
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11,020,874 |
# Sévérin Adjovi
**Sévérin Adjovi** is a Beninese politician and leader of the Liberal Democrats\' Rally for National Reconstruction-Vivoten (RDL-Vivoten), as well as a businessman.
Adjovi was a candidate in the March 1991 presidential election, receiving seventh place and 2.61% of the vote. He was Minister of Defense from 1996 to 1998, Minister of Culture and Communication from 1998 to 1999, and Minister of Trade, Crafts, and Tourism from 1999 to 2001. Adjovi ran in the December 2002 municipal election in Cotonou, Benin\'s largest city, as a candidate of the pro-government Movement, but he was defeated by former President Nicéphore Soglo in the election for Cotonou\'s 12th arrondissement. He congratulated Soglo on his victory.
On January 14, 2006, he was designated as the RDL-Vivoten candidate for the March 2006 presidential election. In the election, he took seventh place with 1.78% of the vote
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| 0 |
11,020,893 |
# Stahlwille
**Stahlwille** (officially **Stahlwille Holding GmbH & Co. KG**, sometimes styled **STAHLWILLE**) is a German engineering company. It was founded in 1862 by Eduard Wille to manufacture pokers and fire-tongs then specialised in various forged steel tools. Based in the Cronenberg district of Wuppertal, Germany, with several German production plants, Stahlwille manufactures hand tools for automotive, industrial, and aerospace use.
In 2020, the company\'s products were exported to more than 90 countries. At that time, the product portfolio comprised more than 10,000 tools.
In 2023 Stahlwille had subsidiaries in Europe, the USA, and China
| 95 |
Stahlwille
| 0 |
11,020,921 |
# Monumenta Historica Britannica
***Monumenta Historica Britannica*** (*MHB*); or, *Materials for the History of Britain, From the Earliest Period*, is an incomplete work by Henry Petrie, the Keeper of the Records of the Tower of London, assisted by John Sharpe. Only the first volume covering material prior to the Norman Conquest was printed in 1848 by G. E. Eyre & W. Spottiswoode for Her Majesty.^`{{OCLC|4063392}}`{=mediawiki}^ It was reprinted by Gregg Publishing in March 1971 (`{{ISBN|0576199958}}`{=mediawiki}).
Petrie drafted the proposal to include all the references to Britain in the Greek and Roman writers, as well as general histories and annals. In 1823 the Record Commission, predecessor to the Public Record Office, gave the task to Henry Petrie. The work was suspended in 1835 by order of the commissioners, after Petrie had prepared the first volume and had started work on the second, \"due to a misunderstanding between them and Petrie.\" Petrie died in 1842. The first volume was posthumously published by Sir Thomas Duffus Hardy, Petrie\'s successor.
## Volume I. Extending To The Norman Conquest {#volume_i._extending_to_the_norman_conquest}
- Preface by Thomas Duffus Hardy
It contains chronicles, or parts thereof, to 1066:
- Æthelweard\'s *Chronicon*
- *Anglo-Saxon Chronicle*
- Annales Cambriae
- Asser
- Bede
- *Brut y Tywysogion*
- *Chronologia brevissima*
- Florence of Worcester
- *Genealogia regum*
- Geoffrey Gaimar
- Gildas
- Guy of Amiens
- Henry of Huntington
- Nennius
- Simeon of Durham
- An account of British and Roman coins by John Doubleday, with 17 full page plates of coins
- Folding map by W. Hughes
- Speeches of Boadicea to her soldiers as reported by the Roman historian, Dio Cassius (epitome of John Xiphilinus)
- Bibliography of over a hundred classical authorities from about 100 A.D. onwards that mention Britain
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11,020,936 |
# Vladimir Durković
**Vladimir Durković** (Serbian Cyrillic: Владимир Дурковић; 6 November 1937 -- 22 June 1972) was a Serbian football defender. He was part of the Yugoslav squad that won gold at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
## Career
### Club career {#club_career}
Durković played with Red Star Belgrade until he was 28 at which point he moved abroad and made a name for himself with AS Saint-Étienne, winning three French League titles and the Coupe de France twice.
### International career {#international_career}
Capped 50 times by Yugoslavia between 1959 and 1966, Durković excelled as a 22-year-old at the first UEFA European Championship, offering defensive solidity and attacking penetration at right-back. Although Yugoslavia finished second in France, Durković won a gold medal at the Rome Olympics the following September. He also wore the number two shirt at the 1962 FIFA World Cup in Chile and was an ever-present as Yugoslavia eliminated former winners Uruguay and West Germany and finished fourth. His final international was a June 1966 friendly match against Bulgaria.
## Death
He died when shot by a drunken policeman in Sion, Switzerland in June 1972 at the age of 34. The police officer was later sentenced to 9 years prison of which he served 7 years
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11,020,952 |
# Isaac Bitton
**Isaac \"Jacky\" Bitton** (born 2 December 1947) is a French-American musician. Initially gaining fame as the drummer for secular rock band Les Variations, Bitton became a *baal teshuva* through Chabad in the late 1970s and subsequently began a career in contemporary Jewish music.
## Early history {#early_history}
Born in Casablanca, Morocco to a Jewish family, Bitton moved from Morocco to France alone at the age of 18. Together with his friends, he formed a rock group and played locally until getting noticed in 1969. Les Variations opened for some of the top billed rockers of the day, such as Bachman--Turner Overdrive, Kiss, The Jimi Hendrix Experience, Cream, Taste and Aerosmith.
Having a close affinity to his Jewish roots, Bitton always wore the Star of David around his neck while performing.
Bitton is said to have been rated at the time in the top three drummers of Europe. He jammed with John Bonham and Robert Plant in a club in Belgium.
## Jewish identity {#jewish_identity}
Bitton met Chabad emissaries (shluchim) who helped him further discover his Orthodox Jewish heritage.
## Les Variations\' end {#les_variations_end}
By the end of 1975, Les Variations, with their new singer Robert Fitoussi, were nearing a deal to tour with the Rolling Stones. The deal did not come to fruition, however, because the singer soon left the group. Bitton took the opportunity to go to New York, where he met the Lubavitcher Rebbe for the first time.
Bitton settled in the Chabad Lubavitch neighborhood of Crown Heights, Brooklyn, where he still lives with his family.
## Music career after Les Variations: crossover into modern Jewish music {#music_career_after_les_variations_crossover_into_modern_jewish_music}
In 1977, the Baal Shem Tov Band (BSTB) was formed at the Lubavitch Rabbinical College of America, in Morristown, New Jersey, as part of an outreach program to college students. The regular members included Menachem Schmidt(snare drum), Tzvi Freeman (acoustic guitar), Moshe Morgenstern (cello), and business and equipment manager Shlomo Sawilowsky. They were occasionally complemented by a violinist and a flutist who attended the college. Subsequently, Bitton, who had moved to the nearby Crown Heights section of Brooklyn, New York, joined and completed the group.
With the addition of Bitton, Schmidt was able to move to lead guitar, Freeman to rhythm guitar, and Morgenstern to bass guitar. The combination of Schmidt\'s creative genius and powerful rock licks with Bitton\'s Sephardi/Moroccan rhythm and lead vocals produced an electric rock and roll sound. They played traditional Chabad nigunim (songs and melodies) to this beat at Chabad houses on college campuses and other venues, primarily on the Eastern seaboard of the United States. One of the highlights of each performance was Bitton\'s drum solo. A four-song demo was cut in a local studio, but the BSTB disbanded in 1978 as the rabbinical students began to graduate.
The experience with the BSTB provided a transition for Bitton. Subsequently, he was the founding member of the Jewish music group \"Raaya Mehemna\" (\"Faithful Servant\" -- a reference to a Kabbalistic work; the group was later renamed \"Raava Mehemna\"), which was formed in the early 1980s. Bitton was perhaps the first religious Jew to infuse music on religious Jewish themes with \"non-Jewish\" styles such as rock and soul. He helped establish the idea of Jewish rock with his heavy hitting style and brought real rock and roll showmanship to the Jewish stage. In the early 80\'s he released two albums titled \"Songs for a Brother Vol 1&2\".
Currently, Bitton makes new music, and performs at concerts occasionally. He performed at Yeshiva University on 6 May 2007 at a Lag B\'Omer celebration concert. The opening group played with little response. Once Bitton began his set on the drums to the tune of \"Im Ein Ani Li Mi Li\" the crowd erupted.
Bitton is widely known for his energetic drumming style, soulful powerful voice, and for fusing traditional Moroccan tunes and scales with R&B, blues, and soul. He has served as leader and cantor for a Sefardi synagogue in Crown Heights since the early 1980s, where his musical signature is evident in his cantorial renditions.
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# Isaac Bitton
## Making headlines {#making_headlines}
Bitton has played some shows geared toward an Orthodox Jewish audience, but has not rekindled his music career to his former level of a chart topping rock musician. He has since served as a hotel manager for the Crown Palace Hotel in Crown Heights and as a kosher food supervisor (mashgiach).
### 1990s
In 1991, Bitton made headlines when he was hit by rocks and bottles, during the Crown Heights Riot. Due to the rioting, Bitton called a cab to take him and his son to his house. The driver refused to take them all the way to their house, letting them off one block away. Police were stationed at each end of the street. They informed Bitton it was safe to continue, and no police accompanied them. However, within a block, they were attacked by an angry mob of Caribbean American, West Indian, and African American rioters. The Bittons were removed from the scene by local residents and reporters, including Peter Noel, a West Indian journalist for the *Village Voice*.
Bitton suffered a torn rotator cuff and required 10 stitches to his head. His son was struck by bottles and bricks, and suffered hearing loss and psychological damage. Riot police saw the attack but failed to respond, choosing instead to radio for reinforcements. This was due to their instructions to remain in fixed positions during the early stages of the rioting. The police reinforcements were also met by an attack of rocks and bottles from the rioters, but none of the rioters were arrested. Subsequently, Bitton sued and was awarded \$200,000 by New York City.
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# Isaac Bitton
## Discography
### With Les Variations {#with_les_variations}
- *Nador* (1969)
- *Take It Or Leave It* (1971)
- *Moroccan Roll* (1973)
- *Cafe De Paris* (1975)
### With Raava Mehemna {#with_raava_mehemna}
- *Songs for a Brother, Vol. I* (1982) (as Raya Mehemna)
- *Songs for a Brother, Vol
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| 2 |
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