bio-datasets/bigbio-ner-merged · Datasets at Hugging Face

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Hemiarthroplasty, internal fixation with percutaneous cannulated screws, displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly :, cost - effectiveness, hemiarthroplasty, quality - adjusted life years, internal fixation ., direct hospital costs , total hospital costs , and total costs	52211_task2	Sentence: Hemiarthroplasty compared to internal fixation with percutaneous cannulated screws as treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly : cost-utility analysis performed alongside a randomized , controlled trial . UNLABELLED We estimated the cost-effectiveness of hemiarthroplasty compared to internal fixation for elderly patients with displaced femoral neck fractures . Over 2 years , patients treated with hemiarthroplasty gained more quality-adjusted life years than patients treated with internal fixation . In addition , costs for hemiarthroplasty were lower . Hemiarthroplasty was thus cost effective . INTRODUCTION Estimating the cost utility of hemiarthroplasty compared to internal fixation in the treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly . METHODS A cost-utility analysis ( CUA ) was conducted alongside a clinical randomized controlled trial at a university hospital in Norway ; 166 patients , 124 ( 75 % ) women with a mean age of 82 years were randomized to either internal fixation ( n = 86 ) or hemiarthroplasty ( n = 80 ) . Patients were followed up at 4 , 12 , and 24 months . Health-related quality of life was assessed with the EQ-5D , and in combination with time used to calculate patients ' quality-adjusted life years ( QALYs ) . Resource use was identified , quantified , and valued for direct and indirect hospital costs and for societal costs . Results were expressed in incremental cost-effectiveness ratios . RESULTS Over the 2-year period , patients treated with hemiarthroplasty gained 0.15-0.20 more QALYs than patients treated with internal fixation . For the hemiarthroplasty group , the direct hospital costs , total hospital costs , and total costs were non-significantly less costly compared with the internal fixation group , with an incremental cost of €2,731 ( p = 0.81 ) , €2,474 ( p = 0.80 ) , and €14,160 ( p = 0.07 ) , respectively . Thus , hemiarthroplasty was the dominant treatment . Sensitivity analyses by bootstrapping supported these findings . CONCLUSION Hemiarthroplasty was a cost-effective treatment . Trial registration , NCT00464230 . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Intervention_Surgical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Surgical", "I-Intervention_Surgical", "I-Intervention_Surgical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Hemiarthroplasty compared to internal fixation with percutaneous cannulated screws as treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly : cost-utility analysis performed alongside a randomized , controlled trial . UNLABELLED We estimated the cost-effectiveness of hemiarthroplasty compared to internal fixation for elderly patients with displaced femoral neck fractures . Over 2 years , patients treated with hemiarthroplasty gained more quality-adjusted life years than patients treated with internal fixation . In addition , costs for hemiarthroplasty were lower . Hemiarthroplasty was thus cost effective . INTRODUCTION Estimating the cost utility of hemiarthroplasty compared to internal fixation in the treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly . METHODS A cost-utility analysis ( CUA ) was conducted alongside a clinical randomized controlled trial at a university hospital in Norway ; 166 patients , 124 ( 75 % ) women with a mean age of 82 years were randomized to either internal fixation ( n = 86 ) or hemiarthroplasty ( n = 80 ) . Patients were followed up at 4 , 12 , and 24 months . Health-related quality of life was assessed with the EQ-5D , and in combination with time used to calculate patients ' quality-adjusted life years ( QALYs ) . Resource use was identified , quantified , and valued for direct and indirect hospital costs and for societal costs . Results were expressed in incremental cost-effectiveness ratios . RESULTS Over the 2-year period , patients treated with hemiarthroplasty gained 0.15-0.20 more QALYs than patients treated with internal fixation . For the hemiarthroplasty group , the direct hospital costs , total hospital costs , and total costs were non-significantly less costly compared with the internal fixation group , with an incremental cost of €2,731 ( p = 0.81 ) , €2,474 ( p = 0.80 ) , and €14,160 ( p = 0.07 ) , respectively . Thus , hemiarthroplasty was the dominant treatment . Sensitivity analyses by bootstrapping supported these findings . CONCLUSION Hemiarthroplasty was a cost-effective treatment . Trial registration , NCT00464230 .	[ "Hemiarthroplasty", "compared", "to", "internal", "fixation", "with", "percutaneous", "cannulated", "screws", "as", "treatment", "of", "displaced", "femoral", "neck", "fractures", "in", "the", "elderly", ":", "cost", "-", "utility", "analysis", "performed", "alongside", "a", "randomized", ",", "controlled", "trial", ".", "UNLABELLED", "We", "estimated", "the", "cost", "-", "effectiveness", "of", "hemiarthroplasty", "compared", "to", "internal", "fixation", "for", "elderly", "patients", "with", "displaced", "femoral", "neck", "fractures", ".", "Over", "2", "years", ",", "patients", "treated", "with", "hemiarthroplasty", "gained", "more", "quality", "-", "adjusted", "life", "years", "than", "patients", "treated", "with", "internal", "fixation", ".", "In", "addition", ",", "costs", "for", "hemiarthroplasty", "were", "lower", ".", "Hemiarthroplasty", "was", "thus", "cost", "effective", ".", "INTRODUCTION", "Estimating", "the", "cost", "utility", "of", "hemiarthroplasty", "compared", "to", "internal", "fixation", "in", "the", "treatment", "of", "displaced", "femoral", "neck", "fractures", "in", "the", "elderly", ".", "METHODS", "A", "cost", "-", "utility", "analysis", "(", "CUA", ")", "was", "conducted", "alongside", "a", "clinical", "randomized", "controlled", "trial", "at", "a", "university", "hospital", "in", "Norway", ";", "166", "patients", ",", "124", "(", "75", "%", ")", "women", "with", "a", "mean", "age", "of", "82", "years", "were", "randomized", "to", "either", "internal", "fixation", "(", "n", "=", "86", ")", "or", "hemiarthroplasty", "(", "n", "=", "80", ")", ".", "Patients", "were", "followed", "up", "at", "4", ",", "12", ",", "and", "24", "months", ".", "Health", "-", "related", "quality", "of", "life", "was", "assessed", "with", "the", "EQ-5D", ",", "and", "in", "combination", "with", "time", "used", "to", "calculate", "patients", "'", "quality", "-", "adjusted", "life", "years", "(", "QALYs", ")", ".", "Resource", "use", "was", "identified", ",", "quantified", ",", "and", "valued", "for", "direct", "and", "indirect", "hospital", "costs", "and", "for", "societal", "costs", ".", "Results", "were", "expressed", "in", "incremental", "cost", "-", "effectiveness", "ratios", ".", "RESULTS", "Over", "the", "2-year", "period", ",", "patients", "treated", "with", "hemiarthroplasty", "gained", "0.15", "-", "0.20", "more", "QALYs", "than", "patients", "treated", "with", "internal", "fixation", ".", "For", "the", "hemiarthroplasty", "group", ",", "the", "direct", "hospital", "costs", ",", "total", "hospital", "costs", ",", "and", "total", "costs", "were", "non", "-", "significantly", "less", "costly", "compared", "with", "the", "internal", "fixation", "group", ",", "with", "an", "incremental", "cost", "of", "€", "2,731", "(", "p", "=", "0.81", ")", ",", "€", "2,474", "(", "p", "=", "0.80", ")", ",", "and", "€", "14,160", "(", "p", "=", "0.07", ")", ",", "respectively", ".", "Thus", ",", "hemiarthroplasty", "was", "the", "dominant", "treatment", ".", "Sensitivity", "analyses", "by", "bootstrapping", "supported", "these", "findings", ".", "CONCLUSION", "Hemiarthroplasty", "was", "a", "cost", "-", "effective", "treatment", ".", "Trial", "registration", ",", "NCT00464230", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Physical", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Surgical" ]
syndrome is an umlsterm, right is an umlsterm, cardiomyopathy is an umlsterm, date is an umlsterm, development is an umlsterm, arrhythmias is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, ventricular tachycardia is an umlsterm, ECG is an umlsterm, development is an umlsterm, ECG is an umlsterm, morphological is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, analysis is an umlsterm, measurement is an umlsterm, determination is an umlsterm, morphology is an umlsterm, ventricular premature beats is an umlsterm, frequency is an umlsterm, arrhythmias is an umlsterm, Normal values is an umlsterm, analysis is an umlsterm, ECG is an umlsterm, analysis is an umlsterm, ECG is an umlsterm, arrhythmia is an umlsterm, ventricular premature beats is an umlsterm, proven is an umlsterm, tachycardias is an umlsterm, arrhythmia is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, acceleration is an umlsterm, sinus is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, history is an umlsterm, prevalence is an umlsterm, overall is an umlsterm, forms is an umlsterm, arrhythmias is an umlsterm, origin is an umlsterm, coronary heart disease is an umlsterm, arrhythmias is an umlsterm, role is an umlsterm, right is an umlsterm, cardiomyopathy is an umlsterm, prevalence is an umlsterm	Herzschrittmachertherapie.80090155.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: In the syndrome arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy , little is known to date about the mechanism for the development of arrhythmias . In a group of 54 patients with documented ventricular tachycardia during longterm ECG recordings , the determinants for the development of VT and the relationship between signal-averaged ECG and the morphological characteristics of the disease are investigated . The analysis of the long-term electrocardiographic data includes the measurement of RR-intervals 30 , 15 , 5 , 1min and immediately before onset of the VT , the determination of the morphology of the previous ventricular premature beats , and the frequency of the atrial arrhythmias . Normal values for the analysis of late potentials in the ECG signal accquisition with bidirectional filters between 40 and 300Hz were defined a maximum of 113ms for a QRS width , LAS of 38ms , and RMS40 of 16uV . The analysis of the long-term ECG produced monomorphic VT in all cases without previous atrial arrhythmia and in only 4 cases with previous polymorphic ventricular premature beats . A long-short phenomenon could only be proven in 4VT episodes . In 84% of all tachycardias , no arrhythmia were found immediately before onset of the arrhythmic event . According to the circadian clock , two peaks , mornings between 6 and 9h and evenings between 6 and 9h , could be determined . In patients , who were recently diagnosed with ARVD , a significant shortening of the RR intervals before the onset of VT as an indication of an acceleration of the sinus rhythm was observed . This effect could not be observed in patients with a past medical history of AVRD . Late potentials were determined with a prevalence of 74% overall . Increasingly , late potentials were observed with morphologically diffuse forms of the ARVD . A correlation to the severity of spontaneous arrhythmias ( ventricular , sustained or not sustained VT ) could not be established . In comparison to the origin of VT in coronary heart disease , previous arrhythmias play a less important role in arrhymogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy . Most importantly , an intensified sympathetic tone before onset of VT and an increased prevalence of positive late potentials are observed . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	In the syndrome arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy , little is known to date about the mechanism for the development of arrhythmias . In a group of 54 patients with documented ventricular tachycardia during longterm ECG recordings , the determinants for the development of VT and the relationship between signal-averaged ECG and the morphological characteristics of the disease are investigated . The analysis of the long-term electrocardiographic data includes the measurement of RR-intervals 30 , 15 , 5 , 1min and immediately before onset of the VT , the determination of the morphology of the previous ventricular premature beats , and the frequency of the atrial arrhythmias . Normal values for the analysis of late potentials in the ECG signal accquisition with bidirectional filters between 40 and 300Hz were defined a maximum of 113ms for a QRS width , LAS of 38ms , and RMS40 of 16uV . The analysis of the long-term ECG produced monomorphic VT in all cases without previous atrial arrhythmia and in only 4 cases with previous polymorphic ventricular premature beats . A long-short phenomenon could only be proven in 4VT episodes . In 84% of all tachycardias , no arrhythmia were found immediately before onset of the arrhythmic event . According to the circadian clock , two peaks , mornings between 6 and 9h and evenings between 6 and 9h , could be determined . In patients , who were recently diagnosed with ARVD , a significant shortening of the RR intervals before the onset of VT as an indication of an acceleration of the sinus rhythm was observed . This effect could not be observed in patients with a past medical history of AVRD . Late potentials were determined with a prevalence of 74% overall . Increasingly , late potentials were observed with morphologically diffuse forms of the ARVD . A correlation to the severity of spontaneous arrhythmias ( ventricular , sustained or not sustained VT ) could not be established . In comparison to the origin of VT in coronary heart disease , previous arrhythmias play a less important role in arrhymogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy . Most importantly , an intensified sympathetic tone before onset of VT and an increased prevalence of positive late potentials are observed .	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syndrome is an umlsterm, right is an umlsterm, cardiomyopathy is an umlsterm, date is an umlsterm, development is an umlsterm, arrhythmias is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, ventricular tachycardia is an umlsterm, ECG is an umlsterm, development is an umlsterm, ECG is an umlsterm, morphological is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, analysis is an umlsterm, measurement is an umlsterm, determination is an umlsterm, morphology is an umlsterm, ventricular premature beats is an umlsterm, frequency is an umlsterm, arrhythmias is an umlsterm, Normal values is an umlsterm, analysis is an umlsterm, ECG is an umlsterm, analysis is an umlsterm, ECG is an umlsterm, arrhythmia is an umlsterm, ventricular premature beats is an umlsterm, proven is an umlsterm, tachycardias is an umlsterm, arrhythmia is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, acceleration is an umlsterm, sinus is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, history is an umlsterm, prevalence is an umlsterm, overall is an umlsterm, forms is an umlsterm, arrhythmias is an umlsterm, origin is an umlsterm, coronary heart disease is an umlsterm, arrhythmias is an umlsterm, role is an umlsterm, right is an umlsterm, cardiomyopathy is an umlsterm, prevalence is an umlsterm	Herzschrittmachertherapie.80090155.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: In the syndrome arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy , little is known to date about the mechanism for the development of arrhythmias . In a group of 54 patients with documented ventricular tachycardia during longterm ECG recordings , the determinants for the development of VT and the relationship between signal-averaged ECG and the morphological characteristics of the disease are investigated . The analysis of the long-term electrocardiographic data includes the measurement of RR-intervals 30 , 15 , 5 , 1min and immediately before onset of the VT , the determination of the morphology of the previous ventricular premature beats , and the frequency of the atrial arrhythmias . Normal values for the analysis of late potentials in the ECG signal accquisition with bidirectional filters between 40 and 300Hz were defined a maximum of 113ms for a QRS width , LAS of 38ms , and RMS40 of 16uV . The analysis of the long-term ECG produced monomorphic VT in all cases without previous atrial arrhythmia and in only 4 cases with previous polymorphic ventricular premature beats . A long-short phenomenon could only be proven in 4VT episodes . In 84% of all tachycardias , no arrhythmia were found immediately before onset of the arrhythmic event . According to the circadian clock , two peaks , mornings between 6 and 9h and evenings between 6 and 9h , could be determined . In patients , who were recently diagnosed with ARVD , a significant shortening of the RR intervals before the onset of VT as an indication of an acceleration of the sinus rhythm was observed . This effect could not be observed in patients with a past medical history of AVRD . Late potentials were determined with a prevalence of 74% overall . Increasingly , late potentials were observed with morphologically diffuse forms of the ARVD . A correlation to the severity of spontaneous arrhythmias ( ventricular , sustained or not sustained VT ) could not be established . In comparison to the origin of VT in coronary heart disease , previous arrhythmias play a less important role in arrhymogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy . Most importantly , an intensified sympathetic tone before onset of VT and an increased prevalence of positive late potentials are observed . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: syndrome, right, cardiomyopathy, date, development, arrhythmias, patients, ventricular tachycardia, ECG, development, ECG, morphological, disease, analysis, measurement, determination, morphology, ventricular premature beats, frequency, arrhythmias, Normal values, analysis, ECG, analysis, ECG, arrhythmia, ventricular premature beats, proven, tachycardias, arrhythmia, patients, acceleration, sinus, patients, history, prevalence, overall, forms, arrhythmias, origin, coronary heart disease, arrhythmias, role, right, cardiomyopathy, prevalence Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	In the syndrome arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy , little is known to date about the mechanism for the development of arrhythmias . In a group of 54 patients with documented ventricular tachycardia during longterm ECG recordings , the determinants for the development of VT and the relationship between signal-averaged ECG and the morphological characteristics of the disease are investigated . The analysis of the long-term electrocardiographic data includes the measurement of RR-intervals 30 , 15 , 5 , 1min and immediately before onset of the VT , the determination of the morphology of the previous ventricular premature beats , and the frequency of the atrial arrhythmias . Normal values for the analysis of late potentials in the ECG signal accquisition with bidirectional filters between 40 and 300Hz were defined a maximum of 113ms for a QRS width , LAS of 38ms , and RMS40 of 16uV . The analysis of the long-term ECG produced monomorphic VT in all cases without previous atrial arrhythmia and in only 4 cases with previous polymorphic ventricular premature beats . A long-short phenomenon could only be proven in 4VT episodes . In 84% of all tachycardias , no arrhythmia were found immediately before onset of the arrhythmic event . According to the circadian clock , two peaks , mornings between 6 and 9h and evenings between 6 and 9h , could be determined . In patients , who were recently diagnosed with ARVD , a significant shortening of the RR intervals before the onset of VT as an indication of an acceleration of the sinus rhythm was observed . This effect could not be observed in patients with a past medical history of AVRD . Late potentials were determined with a prevalence of 74% overall . Increasingly , late potentials were observed with morphologically diffuse forms of the ARVD . A correlation to the severity of spontaneous arrhythmias ( ventricular , sustained or not sustained VT ) could not be established . In comparison to the origin of VT in coronary heart disease , previous arrhythmias play a less important role in arrhymogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy . Most importantly , an intensified sympathetic tone before onset of VT and an increased prevalence of positive late potentials are observed .	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syndrome, right, cardiomyopathy, date, development, arrhythmias, patients, ventricular tachycardia, ECG, development, ECG, morphological, disease, analysis, measurement, determination, morphology, ventricular premature beats, frequency, arrhythmias, Normal values, analysis, ECG, analysis, ECG, arrhythmia, ventricular premature beats, proven, tachycardias, arrhythmia, patients, acceleration, sinus, patients, history, prevalence, overall, forms, arrhythmias, origin, coronary heart disease, arrhythmias, role, right, cardiomyopathy, prevalence	Herzschrittmachertherapie.80090155.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: In the syndrome arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy , little is known to date about the mechanism for the development of arrhythmias . In a group of 54 patients with documented ventricular tachycardia during longterm ECG recordings , the determinants for the development of VT and the relationship between signal-averaged ECG and the morphological characteristics of the disease are investigated . The analysis of the long-term electrocardiographic data includes the measurement of RR-intervals 30 , 15 , 5 , 1min and immediately before onset of the VT , the determination of the morphology of the previous ventricular premature beats , and the frequency of the atrial arrhythmias . Normal values for the analysis of late potentials in the ECG signal accquisition with bidirectional filters between 40 and 300Hz were defined a maximum of 113ms for a QRS width , LAS of 38ms , and RMS40 of 16uV . The analysis of the long-term ECG produced monomorphic VT in all cases without previous atrial arrhythmia and in only 4 cases with previous polymorphic ventricular premature beats . A long-short phenomenon could only be proven in 4VT episodes . In 84% of all tachycardias , no arrhythmia were found immediately before onset of the arrhythmic event . According to the circadian clock , two peaks , mornings between 6 and 9h and evenings between 6 and 9h , could be determined . In patients , who were recently diagnosed with ARVD , a significant shortening of the RR intervals before the onset of VT as an indication of an acceleration of the sinus rhythm was observed . This effect could not be observed in patients with a past medical history of AVRD . Late potentials were determined with a prevalence of 74% overall . Increasingly , late potentials were observed with morphologically diffuse forms of the ARVD . A correlation to the severity of spontaneous arrhythmias ( ventricular , sustained or not sustained VT ) could not be established . In comparison to the origin of VT in coronary heart disease , previous arrhythmias play a less important role in arrhymogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy . Most importantly , an intensified sympathetic tone before onset of VT and an increased prevalence of positive late potentials are observed . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	In the syndrome arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy , little is known to date about the mechanism for the development of arrhythmias . In a group of 54 patients with documented ventricular tachycardia during longterm ECG recordings , the determinants for the development of VT and the relationship between signal-averaged ECG and the morphological characteristics of the disease are investigated . The analysis of the long-term electrocardiographic data includes the measurement of RR-intervals 30 , 15 , 5 , 1min and immediately before onset of the VT , the determination of the morphology of the previous ventricular premature beats , and the frequency of the atrial arrhythmias . Normal values for the analysis of late potentials in the ECG signal accquisition with bidirectional filters between 40 and 300Hz were defined a maximum of 113ms for a QRS width , LAS of 38ms , and RMS40 of 16uV . The analysis of the long-term ECG produced monomorphic VT in all cases without previous atrial arrhythmia and in only 4 cases with previous polymorphic ventricular premature beats . A long-short phenomenon could only be proven in 4VT episodes . In 84% of all tachycardias , no arrhythmia were found immediately before onset of the arrhythmic event . According to the circadian clock , two peaks , mornings between 6 and 9h and evenings between 6 and 9h , could be determined . In patients , who were recently diagnosed with ARVD , a significant shortening of the RR intervals before the onset of VT as an indication of an acceleration of the sinus rhythm was observed . This effect could not be observed in patients with a past medical history of AVRD . Late potentials were determined with a prevalence of 74% overall . Increasingly , late potentials were observed with morphologically diffuse forms of the ARVD . A correlation to the severity of spontaneous arrhythmias ( ventricular , sustained or not sustained VT ) could not be established . In comparison to the origin of VT in coronary heart disease , previous arrhythmias play a less important role in arrhymogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy . Most importantly , an intensified sympathetic tone before onset of VT and an increased prevalence of positive late potentials are observed .	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D - fagomine is a CHEMICAL	23194529_task0	Sentence: The presence of D-fagomine in the human diet from buckwheat-based foodstuffs. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The presence of D-fagomine in the human diet from buckwheat-based foodstuffs.	[ "The", "presence", "of", "D", "-", "fagomine", "in", "the", "human", "diet", "from", "buckwheat", "-", "based", "foodstuffs", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL" ]
D - fagomine is a CHEMICAL	23194529_task1	Sentence: The presence of D-fagomine in the human diet from buckwheat-based foodstuffs. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: D - fagomine Options: CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The presence of D-fagomine in the human diet from buckwheat-based foodstuffs.	[ "The", "presence", "of", "D", "-", "fagomine", "in", "the", "human", "diet", "from", "buckwheat", "-", "based", "foodstuffs", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL" ]
D - fagomine	23194529_task2	Sentence: The presence of D-fagomine in the human diet from buckwheat-based foodstuffs. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The presence of D-fagomine in the human diet from buckwheat-based foodstuffs.	[ "The", "presence", "of", "D", "-", "fagomine", "in", "the", "human", "diet", "from", "buckwheat", "-", "based", "foodstuffs", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL" ]
Trauma is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenkebene is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Frauen is an umlsterm, Maenner is an umlsterm, Halswirbelsaeule is an umlsterm, Rotationen is an umlsterm, Rueckenlage is an umlsterm, Rupturtypen is an umlsterm, Ruptur is an umlsterm, Ruptur is an umlsterm, Faserruptur is an umlsterm, Methoden is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenkbaender is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenkebene is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, bildgebender is an umlsterm, Dokumentation is an umlsterm, Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie is an umlsterm, Bandstrukturveraenderungen is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenks is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenks is an umlsterm	ManuelleMedizin.70350188.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Zur Abklaerung langanhaltender zervikozephaler Symptome nach Trauma der Kopfgelenkebene wurden unter Anwendung von Ausschlusskriterien 95 Patienten [ 56 Frauen ( n = 59 % ) , 39 Maenner ( n = 41 % ) ] mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 39 Jahren zwischen 21 und 55 Jahren in einem offenen 0,2-Tesla-Magnetsystem MAGNETOM OPEN und einer Spezialwickelspule fuer die obere Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) einer dynamischen Funktions-MRT-Untersuchung im Zeitraum November 1995 bis Dezember 1996 zugefuehrt . In 2 kontinuierlichen Funktionsstudien wurden Rechts- und Linksneigung der oberen HWS sowie axiale Rotationen in Rueckenlage nach links und rechts durchgefuehrt . Es ergab sich eine Aufteilung der Rupturtypen in : Typ I : komplette Ruptur bei 3 % , sowie Typ II a : inkomplette Ruptur mit langstreckigen Strukturlaesionen 20 % , sowie Typ II b : eine intraligamentaere Faserruptur mit anschliessender narbiger Auftreibung bei 11 % , sowie die Typ-III-Laesion : eine zentrale intraligamentaere Signalveraenderung bei 39 % . Mit den heutigen diagnostischen Methoden konnten bei 27 % keine verifizierbaren Strukturlaesionen der Kopfgelenkbaender nachgewiesen werden . Die Studie zeigte deutlich auf , dass die Typ-I- und -II a-Laesionen Begleitverletzungen des Lig . transversum atlantis ipsilateral aufwiesen . Die Kernspintomographiefunktionsuntersuchung der Kopfgelenkebene im offenen Magnetsystem konnte als geeignete Methode zur Abklaerung von morphologischen Strukturveraenderungen mittels bildgebender Dokumentation bestaetigt werden . Waehrend der gesamten Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie bis zur maximal moeglichen Endrotation konnte ein Abweichen des Dens bei Bandstrukturveraenderungen mit einer daraus resultierenden Instabilitaet des Kopfgelenks nachgewiesen werden . Die Haeufigkeit der densnahen Strukturlaesionen spricht fuer die Annahme , dass eine Ueberdehnung durch mechanische Scher- und Ueberhitzungskraefte am Beruehrungspunkt zwischen dem Densperiost und dem Lig . alare durch die Ueberdrehung des Kopfgelenks auftritt . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	Zur Abklaerung langanhaltender zervikozephaler Symptome nach Trauma der Kopfgelenkebene wurden unter Anwendung von Ausschlusskriterien 95 Patienten [ 56 Frauen ( n = 59 % ) , 39 Maenner ( n = 41 % ) ] mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 39 Jahren zwischen 21 und 55 Jahren in einem offenen 0,2-Tesla-Magnetsystem MAGNETOM OPEN und einer Spezialwickelspule fuer die obere Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) einer dynamischen Funktions-MRT-Untersuchung im Zeitraum November 1995 bis Dezember 1996 zugefuehrt . In 2 kontinuierlichen Funktionsstudien wurden Rechts- und Linksneigung der oberen HWS sowie axiale Rotationen in Rueckenlage nach links und rechts durchgefuehrt . Es ergab sich eine Aufteilung der Rupturtypen in : Typ I : komplette Ruptur bei 3 % , sowie Typ II a : inkomplette Ruptur mit langstreckigen Strukturlaesionen 20 % , sowie Typ II b : eine intraligamentaere Faserruptur mit anschliessender narbiger Auftreibung bei 11 % , sowie die Typ-III-Laesion : eine zentrale intraligamentaere Signalveraenderung bei 39 % . Mit den heutigen diagnostischen Methoden konnten bei 27 % keine verifizierbaren Strukturlaesionen der Kopfgelenkbaender nachgewiesen werden . Die Studie zeigte deutlich auf , dass die Typ-I- und -II a-Laesionen Begleitverletzungen des Lig . transversum atlantis ipsilateral aufwiesen . Die Kernspintomographiefunktionsuntersuchung der Kopfgelenkebene im offenen Magnetsystem konnte als geeignete Methode zur Abklaerung von morphologischen Strukturveraenderungen mittels bildgebender Dokumentation bestaetigt werden . Waehrend der gesamten Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie bis zur maximal moeglichen Endrotation konnte ein Abweichen des Dens bei Bandstrukturveraenderungen mit einer daraus resultierenden Instabilitaet des Kopfgelenks nachgewiesen werden . Die Haeufigkeit der densnahen Strukturlaesionen spricht fuer die Annahme , dass eine Ueberdehnung durch mechanische Scher- und Ueberhitzungskraefte am Beruehrungspunkt zwischen dem Densperiost und dem Lig . alare durch die Ueberdrehung des Kopfgelenks auftritt .	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Trauma is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenkebene is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Frauen is an umlsterm, Maenner is an umlsterm, Halswirbelsaeule is an umlsterm, Rotationen is an umlsterm, Rueckenlage is an umlsterm, Rupturtypen is an umlsterm, Ruptur is an umlsterm, Ruptur is an umlsterm, Faserruptur is an umlsterm, Methoden is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenkbaender is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenkebene is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, bildgebender is an umlsterm, Dokumentation is an umlsterm, Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie is an umlsterm, Bandstrukturveraenderungen is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenks is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenks is an umlsterm	ManuelleMedizin.70350188.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Zur Abklaerung langanhaltender zervikozephaler Symptome nach Trauma der Kopfgelenkebene wurden unter Anwendung von Ausschlusskriterien 95 Patienten [ 56 Frauen ( n = 59 % ) , 39 Maenner ( n = 41 % ) ] mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 39 Jahren zwischen 21 und 55 Jahren in einem offenen 0,2-Tesla-Magnetsystem MAGNETOM OPEN und einer Spezialwickelspule fuer die obere Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) einer dynamischen Funktions-MRT-Untersuchung im Zeitraum November 1995 bis Dezember 1996 zugefuehrt . In 2 kontinuierlichen Funktionsstudien wurden Rechts- und Linksneigung der oberen HWS sowie axiale Rotationen in Rueckenlage nach links und rechts durchgefuehrt . Es ergab sich eine Aufteilung der Rupturtypen in : Typ I : komplette Ruptur bei 3 % , sowie Typ II a : inkomplette Ruptur mit langstreckigen Strukturlaesionen 20 % , sowie Typ II b : eine intraligamentaere Faserruptur mit anschliessender narbiger Auftreibung bei 11 % , sowie die Typ-III-Laesion : eine zentrale intraligamentaere Signalveraenderung bei 39 % . Mit den heutigen diagnostischen Methoden konnten bei 27 % keine verifizierbaren Strukturlaesionen der Kopfgelenkbaender nachgewiesen werden . Die Studie zeigte deutlich auf , dass die Typ-I- und -II a-Laesionen Begleitverletzungen des Lig . transversum atlantis ipsilateral aufwiesen . Die Kernspintomographiefunktionsuntersuchung der Kopfgelenkebene im offenen Magnetsystem konnte als geeignete Methode zur Abklaerung von morphologischen Strukturveraenderungen mittels bildgebender Dokumentation bestaetigt werden . Waehrend der gesamten Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie bis zur maximal moeglichen Endrotation konnte ein Abweichen des Dens bei Bandstrukturveraenderungen mit einer daraus resultierenden Instabilitaet des Kopfgelenks nachgewiesen werden . Die Haeufigkeit der densnahen Strukturlaesionen spricht fuer die Annahme , dass eine Ueberdehnung durch mechanische Scher- und Ueberhitzungskraefte am Beruehrungspunkt zwischen dem Densperiost und dem Lig . alare durch die Ueberdrehung des Kopfgelenks auftritt . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Trauma, Kopfgelenkebene, Patienten, Frauen, Maenner, Halswirbelsaeule, Rotationen, Rueckenlage, Rupturtypen, Ruptur, Ruptur, Faserruptur, Methoden, Kopfgelenkbaender, Kopfgelenkebene, Methode, bildgebender, Dokumentation, Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie, Bandstrukturveraenderungen, Kopfgelenks, Kopfgelenks Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	Zur Abklaerung langanhaltender zervikozephaler Symptome nach Trauma der Kopfgelenkebene wurden unter Anwendung von Ausschlusskriterien 95 Patienten [ 56 Frauen ( n = 59 % ) , 39 Maenner ( n = 41 % ) ] mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 39 Jahren zwischen 21 und 55 Jahren in einem offenen 0,2-Tesla-Magnetsystem MAGNETOM OPEN und einer Spezialwickelspule fuer die obere Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) einer dynamischen Funktions-MRT-Untersuchung im Zeitraum November 1995 bis Dezember 1996 zugefuehrt . In 2 kontinuierlichen Funktionsstudien wurden Rechts- und Linksneigung der oberen HWS sowie axiale Rotationen in Rueckenlage nach links und rechts durchgefuehrt . Es ergab sich eine Aufteilung der Rupturtypen in : Typ I : komplette Ruptur bei 3 % , sowie Typ II a : inkomplette Ruptur mit langstreckigen Strukturlaesionen 20 % , sowie Typ II b : eine intraligamentaere Faserruptur mit anschliessender narbiger Auftreibung bei 11 % , sowie die Typ-III-Laesion : eine zentrale intraligamentaere Signalveraenderung bei 39 % . Mit den heutigen diagnostischen Methoden konnten bei 27 % keine verifizierbaren Strukturlaesionen der Kopfgelenkbaender nachgewiesen werden . Die Studie zeigte deutlich auf , dass die Typ-I- und -II a-Laesionen Begleitverletzungen des Lig . transversum atlantis ipsilateral aufwiesen . Die Kernspintomographiefunktionsuntersuchung der Kopfgelenkebene im offenen Magnetsystem konnte als geeignete Methode zur Abklaerung von morphologischen Strukturveraenderungen mittels bildgebender Dokumentation bestaetigt werden . Waehrend der gesamten Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie bis zur maximal moeglichen Endrotation konnte ein Abweichen des Dens bei Bandstrukturveraenderungen mit einer daraus resultierenden Instabilitaet des Kopfgelenks nachgewiesen werden . Die Haeufigkeit der densnahen Strukturlaesionen spricht fuer die Annahme , dass eine Ueberdehnung durch mechanische Scher- und Ueberhitzungskraefte am Beruehrungspunkt zwischen dem Densperiost und dem Lig . alare durch die Ueberdrehung des Kopfgelenks auftritt .	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Trauma, Kopfgelenkebene, Patienten, Frauen, Maenner, Halswirbelsaeule, Rotationen, Rueckenlage, Rupturtypen, Ruptur, Ruptur, Faserruptur, Methoden, Kopfgelenkbaender, Kopfgelenkebene, Methode, bildgebender, Dokumentation, Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie, Bandstrukturveraenderungen, Kopfgelenks, Kopfgelenks	ManuelleMedizin.70350188.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Zur Abklaerung langanhaltender zervikozephaler Symptome nach Trauma der Kopfgelenkebene wurden unter Anwendung von Ausschlusskriterien 95 Patienten [ 56 Frauen ( n = 59 % ) , 39 Maenner ( n = 41 % ) ] mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 39 Jahren zwischen 21 und 55 Jahren in einem offenen 0,2-Tesla-Magnetsystem MAGNETOM OPEN und einer Spezialwickelspule fuer die obere Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) einer dynamischen Funktions-MRT-Untersuchung im Zeitraum November 1995 bis Dezember 1996 zugefuehrt . In 2 kontinuierlichen Funktionsstudien wurden Rechts- und Linksneigung der oberen HWS sowie axiale Rotationen in Rueckenlage nach links und rechts durchgefuehrt . Es ergab sich eine Aufteilung der Rupturtypen in : Typ I : komplette Ruptur bei 3 % , sowie Typ II a : inkomplette Ruptur mit langstreckigen Strukturlaesionen 20 % , sowie Typ II b : eine intraligamentaere Faserruptur mit anschliessender narbiger Auftreibung bei 11 % , sowie die Typ-III-Laesion : eine zentrale intraligamentaere Signalveraenderung bei 39 % . Mit den heutigen diagnostischen Methoden konnten bei 27 % keine verifizierbaren Strukturlaesionen der Kopfgelenkbaender nachgewiesen werden . Die Studie zeigte deutlich auf , dass die Typ-I- und -II a-Laesionen Begleitverletzungen des Lig . transversum atlantis ipsilateral aufwiesen . Die Kernspintomographiefunktionsuntersuchung der Kopfgelenkebene im offenen Magnetsystem konnte als geeignete Methode zur Abklaerung von morphologischen Strukturveraenderungen mittels bildgebender Dokumentation bestaetigt werden . Waehrend der gesamten Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie bis zur maximal moeglichen Endrotation konnte ein Abweichen des Dens bei Bandstrukturveraenderungen mit einer daraus resultierenden Instabilitaet des Kopfgelenks nachgewiesen werden . Die Haeufigkeit der densnahen Strukturlaesionen spricht fuer die Annahme , dass eine Ueberdehnung durch mechanische Scher- und Ueberhitzungskraefte am Beruehrungspunkt zwischen dem Densperiost und dem Lig . alare durch die Ueberdrehung des Kopfgelenks auftritt . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	Zur Abklaerung langanhaltender zervikozephaler Symptome nach Trauma der Kopfgelenkebene wurden unter Anwendung von Ausschlusskriterien 95 Patienten [ 56 Frauen ( n = 59 % ) , 39 Maenner ( n = 41 % ) ] mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 39 Jahren zwischen 21 und 55 Jahren in einem offenen 0,2-Tesla-Magnetsystem MAGNETOM OPEN und einer Spezialwickelspule fuer die obere Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) einer dynamischen Funktions-MRT-Untersuchung im Zeitraum November 1995 bis Dezember 1996 zugefuehrt . In 2 kontinuierlichen Funktionsstudien wurden Rechts- und Linksneigung der oberen HWS sowie axiale Rotationen in Rueckenlage nach links und rechts durchgefuehrt . Es ergab sich eine Aufteilung der Rupturtypen in : Typ I : komplette Ruptur bei 3 % , sowie Typ II a : inkomplette Ruptur mit langstreckigen Strukturlaesionen 20 % , sowie Typ II b : eine intraligamentaere Faserruptur mit anschliessender narbiger Auftreibung bei 11 % , sowie die Typ-III-Laesion : eine zentrale intraligamentaere Signalveraenderung bei 39 % . Mit den heutigen diagnostischen Methoden konnten bei 27 % keine verifizierbaren Strukturlaesionen der Kopfgelenkbaender nachgewiesen werden . Die Studie zeigte deutlich auf , dass die Typ-I- und -II a-Laesionen Begleitverletzungen des Lig . transversum atlantis ipsilateral aufwiesen . Die Kernspintomographiefunktionsuntersuchung der Kopfgelenkebene im offenen Magnetsystem konnte als geeignete Methode zur Abklaerung von morphologischen Strukturveraenderungen mittels bildgebender Dokumentation bestaetigt werden . Waehrend der gesamten Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie bis zur maximal moeglichen Endrotation konnte ein Abweichen des Dens bei Bandstrukturveraenderungen mit einer daraus resultierenden Instabilitaet des Kopfgelenks nachgewiesen werden . Die Haeufigkeit der densnahen Strukturlaesionen spricht fuer die Annahme , dass eine Ueberdehnung durch mechanische Scher- und Ueberhitzungskraefte am Beruehrungspunkt zwischen dem Densperiost und dem Lig . alare durch die Ueberdrehung des Kopfgelenks auftritt .	[ "Zur", "Abklaerung", "langanhaltender", "zervikozephaler", "Symptome", "nach", "Trauma", "der", "Kopfgelenkebene", "wurden", "unter", "Anwendung", "von", "Ausschlusskriterien", "95", "Patienten", "[", "56", "Frauen", "(", "n", "=", "59", "%", ")", ",", "39", "Maenner", "(", "n", "=", "41", "%", ")", "]", "mit", "einem", "Durchschnittsalter", "von", "39", "Jahren", "zwischen", "21", "und", "55", "Jahren", "in", "einem", "offenen", "0,2-Tesla", "-", "Magnetsystem", "MAGNETOM", "OPEN", "und", "einer", "Spezialwickelspule", "fuer", "die", "obere", "Halswirbelsaeule", "(", "HWS", ")", "einer", "dynamischen", "Funktions", "-", "MRT", "-", "Untersuchung", "im", "Zeitraum", "November", "1995", "bis", "Dezember", "1996", "zugefuehrt", ".", "In", "2", "kontinuierlichen", "Funktionsstudien", "wurden", "Rechts-", "und", "Linksneigung", "der", "oberen", "HWS", "sowie", "axiale", "Rotationen", "in", "Rueckenlage", "nach", "links", "und", "rechts", "durchgefuehrt", ".", "Es", "ergab", "sich", "eine", "Aufteilung", "der", "Rupturtypen", "in", ":", "Typ", "I", ":", "komplette", "Ruptur", "bei", "3", "%", ",", "sowie", "Typ", "II", "a", ":", "inkomplette", "Ruptur", "mit", "langstreckigen", "Strukturlaesionen", "20", "%", ",", "sowie", "Typ", "II", "b", ":", "eine", "intraligamentaere", "Faserruptur", "mit", "anschliessender", "narbiger", "Auftreibung", "bei", "11", "%", ",", "sowie", "die", "Typ", "-", "III", "-", "Laesion", ":", "eine", "zentrale", "intraligamentaere", "Signalveraenderung", "bei", "39", "%", ".", "Mit", "den", "heutigen", "diagnostischen", "Methoden", "konnten", "bei", "27", "%", "keine", "verifizierbaren", "Strukturlaesionen", "der", "Kopfgelenkbaender", "nachgewiesen", "werden", ".", "Die", "Studie", "zeigte", "deutlich", "auf", ",", "dass", "die", "Typ", "-", "I-", "und", "-II", "a", "-", "Laesionen", "Begleitverletzungen", "des", "Lig", ".", "transversum", "atlantis", "ipsilateral", "aufwiesen", ".", "Die", "Kernspintomographiefunktionsuntersuchung", "der", "Kopfgelenkebene", "im", "offenen", "Magnetsystem", "konnte", "als", "geeignete", "Methode", "zur", "Abklaerung", "von", "morphologischen", "Strukturveraenderungen", "mittels", "bildgebender", "Dokumentation", "bestaetigt", "werden", ".", "Waehrend", "der", "gesamten", "Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie", "bis", "zur", "maximal", "moeglichen", "Endrotation", "konnte", "ein", "Abweichen", "des", "Dens", "bei", "Bandstrukturveraenderungen", "mit", "einer", "daraus", "resultierenden", "Instabilitaet", "des", "Kopfgelenks", "nachgewiesen", "werden", ".", "Die", "Haeufigkeit", "der", "densnahen", "Strukturlaesionen", "spricht", "fuer", "die", "Annahme", ",", "dass", "eine", "Ueberdehnung", "durch", "mechanische", "Scher-", "und", "Ueberhitzungskraefte", "am", "Beruehrungspunkt", "zwischen", "dem", "Densperiost", "und", "dem", "Lig", ".", "alare", "durch", "die", "Ueberdrehung", "des", "Kopfgelenks", "auftritt", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Behandlung is an umlsterm, Lungenschaedigung is an umlsterm, Lungenversagens is an umlsterm, syndrome is an umlsterm, sauerstofftragenden is an umlsterm, Ueberdruckbeatmung is an umlsterm, tierexperimenteller is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.80470479.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation mit Perfluorkarbonen ist ein relativ neuer therapeutischer Ansatz zur Behandlung der akuten Lungenschaedigung ( acute lung injury ; ALI ) und des akuten Lungenversagens ( acute respiratory distress syndrome ; ARDS ) . Die Kombination der intrapulmonalen Anwendung einer sauerstofftragenden Fluessigkeit mit Ueberdruckbeatmung wurde von Fuhrman 1991 erstmals beschrieben und als perfluorocarbon associated gas exchange ( PAGE ) bezeichnet . In der Folge setzte sich mehr und mehr die Bezeichnung partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation ( partial liquid ventilation PLV ) ; durch . Eine Vielzahl tierexperimenteller Studien konnte in unterschiedlichen Lungenschaedigungsmodellen die Wirksamkeit der PLV zeigen . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation mit Perfluorkarbonen ist ein relativ neuer therapeutischer Ansatz zur Behandlung der akuten Lungenschaedigung ( acute lung injury ; ALI ) und des akuten Lungenversagens ( acute respiratory distress syndrome ; ARDS ) . Die Kombination der intrapulmonalen Anwendung einer sauerstofftragenden Fluessigkeit mit Ueberdruckbeatmung wurde von Fuhrman 1991 erstmals beschrieben und als perfluorocarbon associated gas exchange ( PAGE ) bezeichnet . In der Folge setzte sich mehr und mehr die Bezeichnung partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation ( partial liquid ventilation PLV ) ; durch . Eine Vielzahl tierexperimenteller Studien konnte in unterschiedlichen Lungenschaedigungsmodellen die Wirksamkeit der PLV zeigen .	[ "Partielle", "Fluessigkeitsventilation", "mit", "Perfluorkarbonen", "ist", "ein", "relativ", "neuer", "therapeutischer", "Ansatz", "zur", "Behandlung", "der", "akuten", "Lungenschaedigung", "(", "acute", "lung", "injury", ";", "ALI", ")", "und", "des", "akuten", "Lungenversagens", "(", "acute", "respiratory", "distress", "syndrome", ";", "ARDS", ")", ".", "Die", "Kombination", "der", "intrapulmonalen", "Anwendung", "einer", "sauerstofftragenden", "Fluessigkeit", "mit", "Ueberdruckbeatmung", "wurde", "von", "Fuhrman", "1991", "erstmals", "beschrieben", "und", "als", "perfluorocarbon", "associated", "gas", "exchange", "(", "PAGE", ")", "bezeichnet", ".", "In", "der", "Folge", "setzte", "sich", "mehr", "und", "mehr", "die", "Bezeichnung", "partielle", "Fluessigkeitsventilation", "(", "partial", "liquid", "ventilation", "PLV", ")", ";", "durch", ".", "Eine", "Vielzahl", "tierexperimenteller", "Studien", "konnte", "in", "unterschiedlichen", "Lungenschaedigungsmodellen", "die", "Wirksamkeit", "der", "PLV", "zeigen", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Behandlung is an umlsterm, Lungenschaedigung is an umlsterm, Lungenversagens is an umlsterm, syndrome is an umlsterm, sauerstofftragenden is an umlsterm, Ueberdruckbeatmung is an umlsterm, tierexperimenteller is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.80470479.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation mit Perfluorkarbonen ist ein relativ neuer therapeutischer Ansatz zur Behandlung der akuten Lungenschaedigung ( acute lung injury ; ALI ) und des akuten Lungenversagens ( acute respiratory distress syndrome ; ARDS ) . Die Kombination der intrapulmonalen Anwendung einer sauerstofftragenden Fluessigkeit mit Ueberdruckbeatmung wurde von Fuhrman 1991 erstmals beschrieben und als perfluorocarbon associated gas exchange ( PAGE ) bezeichnet . In der Folge setzte sich mehr und mehr die Bezeichnung partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation ( partial liquid ventilation PLV ) ; durch . Eine Vielzahl tierexperimenteller Studien konnte in unterschiedlichen Lungenschaedigungsmodellen die Wirksamkeit der PLV zeigen . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Behandlung, Lungenschaedigung, Lungenversagens, syndrome, sauerstofftragenden, Ueberdruckbeatmung, tierexperimenteller Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation mit Perfluorkarbonen ist ein relativ neuer therapeutischer Ansatz zur Behandlung der akuten Lungenschaedigung ( acute lung injury ; ALI ) und des akuten Lungenversagens ( acute respiratory distress syndrome ; ARDS ) . Die Kombination der intrapulmonalen Anwendung einer sauerstofftragenden Fluessigkeit mit Ueberdruckbeatmung wurde von Fuhrman 1991 erstmals beschrieben und als perfluorocarbon associated gas exchange ( PAGE ) bezeichnet . In der Folge setzte sich mehr und mehr die Bezeichnung partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation ( partial liquid ventilation PLV ) ; durch . Eine Vielzahl tierexperimenteller Studien konnte in unterschiedlichen Lungenschaedigungsmodellen die Wirksamkeit der PLV zeigen .	[ "Partielle", "Fluessigkeitsventilation", "mit", "Perfluorkarbonen", "ist", "ein", "relativ", "neuer", "therapeutischer", "Ansatz", "zur", "Behandlung", "der", "akuten", "Lungenschaedigung", "(", "acute", "lung", "injury", ";", "ALI", ")", "und", "des", "akuten", "Lungenversagens", "(", "acute", "respiratory", "distress", "syndrome", ";", "ARDS", ")", ".", "Die", "Kombination", "der", "intrapulmonalen", "Anwendung", "einer", "sauerstofftragenden", "Fluessigkeit", "mit", "Ueberdruckbeatmung", "wurde", "von", "Fuhrman", "1991", "erstmals", "beschrieben", "und", "als", "perfluorocarbon", "associated", "gas", "exchange", "(", "PAGE", ")", "bezeichnet", ".", "In", "der", "Folge", "setzte", "sich", "mehr", "und", "mehr", "die", "Bezeichnung", "partielle", "Fluessigkeitsventilation", "(", "partial", "liquid", "ventilation", "PLV", ")", ";", "durch", ".", "Eine", "Vielzahl", "tierexperimenteller", "Studien", "konnte", "in", "unterschiedlichen", "Lungenschaedigungsmodellen", "die", "Wirksamkeit", "der", "PLV", "zeigen", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Behandlung, Lungenschaedigung, Lungenversagens, syndrome, sauerstofftragenden, Ueberdruckbeatmung, tierexperimenteller	DerAnaesthesist.80470479.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation mit Perfluorkarbonen ist ein relativ neuer therapeutischer Ansatz zur Behandlung der akuten Lungenschaedigung ( acute lung injury ; ALI ) und des akuten Lungenversagens ( acute respiratory distress syndrome ; ARDS ) . Die Kombination der intrapulmonalen Anwendung einer sauerstofftragenden Fluessigkeit mit Ueberdruckbeatmung wurde von Fuhrman 1991 erstmals beschrieben und als perfluorocarbon associated gas exchange ( PAGE ) bezeichnet . In der Folge setzte sich mehr und mehr die Bezeichnung partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation ( partial liquid ventilation PLV ) ; durch . Eine Vielzahl tierexperimenteller Studien konnte in unterschiedlichen Lungenschaedigungsmodellen die Wirksamkeit der PLV zeigen . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation mit Perfluorkarbonen ist ein relativ neuer therapeutischer Ansatz zur Behandlung der akuten Lungenschaedigung ( acute lung injury ; ALI ) und des akuten Lungenversagens ( acute respiratory distress syndrome ; ARDS ) . Die Kombination der intrapulmonalen Anwendung einer sauerstofftragenden Fluessigkeit mit Ueberdruckbeatmung wurde von Fuhrman 1991 erstmals beschrieben und als perfluorocarbon associated gas exchange ( PAGE ) bezeichnet . In der Folge setzte sich mehr und mehr die Bezeichnung partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation ( partial liquid ventilation PLV ) ; durch . Eine Vielzahl tierexperimenteller Studien konnte in unterschiedlichen Lungenschaedigungsmodellen die Wirksamkeit der PLV zeigen .	[ "Partielle", "Fluessigkeitsventilation", "mit", "Perfluorkarbonen", "ist", "ein", "relativ", "neuer", "therapeutischer", "Ansatz", "zur", "Behandlung", "der", "akuten", "Lungenschaedigung", "(", "acute", "lung", "injury", ";", "ALI", ")", "und", "des", "akuten", "Lungenversagens", "(", "acute", "respiratory", "distress", "syndrome", ";", "ARDS", ")", ".", "Die", "Kombination", "der", "intrapulmonalen", "Anwendung", "einer", "sauerstofftragenden", "Fluessigkeit", "mit", "Ueberdruckbeatmung", "wurde", "von", "Fuhrman", "1991", "erstmals", "beschrieben", "und", "als", "perfluorocarbon", "associated", "gas", "exchange", "(", "PAGE", ")", "bezeichnet", ".", "In", "der", "Folge", "setzte", "sich", "mehr", "und", "mehr", "die", "Bezeichnung", "partielle", "Fluessigkeitsventilation", "(", "partial", "liquid", "ventilation", "PLV", ")", ";", "durch", ".", "Eine", "Vielzahl", "tierexperimenteller", "Studien", "konnte", "in", "unterschiedlichen", "Lungenschaedigungsmodellen", "die", "Wirksamkeit", "der", "PLV", "zeigen", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Hautklinik is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Hautklinik is an umlsterm, Hauterkrankungen is an umlsterm, Diagnosen is an umlsterm, Patienten- is an umlsterm, Simultanbehandlung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Behandlungen is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.80490276.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Im Rahmen eines Liaisonkonzeptes zwischen den Abteilungen der Hautklinik und der Abteilung der Psychosomatik/Psychotherapie des Universitaetsklinikums Duesseldorf wurden 187 Patienten der Hautklinik psychosomatisch und testpsychologisch untersucht . Die Verteilung von Hauterkrankungen und psychosomatischen Diagnosen nach ICD 10 werden dargestellt . Es zeigte sich , dass Patienten- ( Symptom-Check-Liste-90-R) und Untersuchereinschaetzung ( Beeintraechtigungsschwere-Score ) positiv korrelieren . Es wird fuer eine dermatologisch-psychosomatische Simultanbehandlung plaediert , um das primaer organische Beziehungsangebot des Patienten in ein personelles zu uebersetzen , was wiederum in poststationaere simultane Behandlungen einmuenden koennte und so zu einer sinnvollen Weiterentwicklung des stationaer erreichten Behandlungsergebnisses fuehren kann . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Im Rahmen eines Liaisonkonzeptes zwischen den Abteilungen der Hautklinik und der Abteilung der Psychosomatik/Psychotherapie des Universitaetsklinikums Duesseldorf wurden 187 Patienten der Hautklinik psychosomatisch und testpsychologisch untersucht . Die Verteilung von Hauterkrankungen und psychosomatischen Diagnosen nach ICD 10 werden dargestellt . Es zeigte sich , dass Patienten- ( Symptom-Check-Liste-90-R) und Untersuchereinschaetzung ( Beeintraechtigungsschwere-Score ) positiv korrelieren . Es wird fuer eine dermatologisch-psychosomatische Simultanbehandlung plaediert , um das primaer organische Beziehungsangebot des Patienten in ein personelles zu uebersetzen , was wiederum in poststationaere simultane Behandlungen einmuenden koennte und so zu einer sinnvollen Weiterentwicklung des stationaer erreichten Behandlungsergebnisses fuehren kann .	[ "Im", "Rahmen", "eines", "Liaisonkonzeptes", "zwischen", "den", "Abteilungen", "der", "Hautklinik", "und", "der", "Abteilung", "der", "Psychosomatik", "/", "Psychotherapie", "des", "Universitaetsklinikums", "Duesseldorf", "wurden", "187", "Patienten", "der", "Hautklinik", "psychosomatisch", "und", "testpsychologisch", "untersucht", ".", "Die", "Verteilung", "von", "Hauterkrankungen", "und", "psychosomatischen", "Diagnosen", "nach", "ICD", "10", "werden", "dargestellt", ".", "Es", "zeigte", "sich", ",", "dass", "Patienten-", "(", "Symptom", "-", "Check", "-", "Liste-90-R", ")", "und", "Untersuchereinschaetzung", "(", "Beeintraechtigungsschwere", "-", "Score", ")", "positiv", "korrelieren", ".", "Es", "wird", "fuer", "eine", "dermatologisch", "-", "psychosomatische", "Simultanbehandlung", "plaediert", ",", "um", "das", "primaer", "organische", "Beziehungsangebot", "des", "Patienten", "in", "ein", "personelles", "zu", "uebersetzen", ",", "was", "wiederum", "in", "poststationaere", "simultane", "Behandlungen", "einmuenden", "koennte", "und", "so", "zu", "einer", "sinnvollen", "Weiterentwicklung", "des", "stationaer", "erreichten", "Behandlungsergebnisses", "fuehren", "kann", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Hautklinik is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Hautklinik is an umlsterm, Hauterkrankungen is an umlsterm, Diagnosen is an umlsterm, Patienten- is an umlsterm, Simultanbehandlung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Behandlungen is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.80490276.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Im Rahmen eines Liaisonkonzeptes zwischen den Abteilungen der Hautklinik und der Abteilung der Psychosomatik/Psychotherapie des Universitaetsklinikums Duesseldorf wurden 187 Patienten der Hautklinik psychosomatisch und testpsychologisch untersucht . Die Verteilung von Hauterkrankungen und psychosomatischen Diagnosen nach ICD 10 werden dargestellt . Es zeigte sich , dass Patienten- ( Symptom-Check-Liste-90-R) und Untersuchereinschaetzung ( Beeintraechtigungsschwere-Score ) positiv korrelieren . Es wird fuer eine dermatologisch-psychosomatische Simultanbehandlung plaediert , um das primaer organische Beziehungsangebot des Patienten in ein personelles zu uebersetzen , was wiederum in poststationaere simultane Behandlungen einmuenden koennte und so zu einer sinnvollen Weiterentwicklung des stationaer erreichten Behandlungsergebnisses fuehren kann . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Hautklinik, Patienten, Hautklinik, Hauterkrankungen, Diagnosen, Patienten-, Simultanbehandlung, Patienten, Behandlungen Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Im Rahmen eines Liaisonkonzeptes zwischen den Abteilungen der Hautklinik und der Abteilung der Psychosomatik/Psychotherapie des Universitaetsklinikums Duesseldorf wurden 187 Patienten der Hautklinik psychosomatisch und testpsychologisch untersucht . Die Verteilung von Hauterkrankungen und psychosomatischen Diagnosen nach ICD 10 werden dargestellt . Es zeigte sich , dass Patienten- ( Symptom-Check-Liste-90-R) und Untersuchereinschaetzung ( Beeintraechtigungsschwere-Score ) positiv korrelieren . Es wird fuer eine dermatologisch-psychosomatische Simultanbehandlung plaediert , um das primaer organische Beziehungsangebot des Patienten in ein personelles zu uebersetzen , was wiederum in poststationaere simultane Behandlungen einmuenden koennte und so zu einer sinnvollen Weiterentwicklung des stationaer erreichten Behandlungsergebnisses fuehren kann .	[ "Im", "Rahmen", "eines", "Liaisonkonzeptes", "zwischen", "den", "Abteilungen", "der", "Hautklinik", "und", "der", "Abteilung", "der", "Psychosomatik", "/", "Psychotherapie", "des", "Universitaetsklinikums", "Duesseldorf", "wurden", "187", "Patienten", "der", "Hautklinik", "psychosomatisch", "und", "testpsychologisch", "untersucht", ".", "Die", "Verteilung", "von", "Hauterkrankungen", "und", "psychosomatischen", "Diagnosen", "nach", "ICD", "10", "werden", "dargestellt", ".", "Es", "zeigte", "sich", ",", "dass", "Patienten-", "(", "Symptom", "-", "Check", "-", "Liste-90-R", ")", "und", "Untersuchereinschaetzung", "(", "Beeintraechtigungsschwere", "-", "Score", ")", "positiv", "korrelieren", ".", "Es", "wird", "fuer", "eine", "dermatologisch", "-", "psychosomatische", "Simultanbehandlung", "plaediert", ",", "um", "das", "primaer", "organische", "Beziehungsangebot", "des", "Patienten", "in", "ein", "personelles", "zu", "uebersetzen", ",", "was", "wiederum", "in", "poststationaere", "simultane", "Behandlungen", "einmuenden", "koennte", "und", "so", "zu", "einer", "sinnvollen", "Weiterentwicklung", "des", "stationaer", "erreichten", "Behandlungsergebnisses", "fuehren", "kann", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Hautklinik, Patienten, Hautklinik, Hauterkrankungen, Diagnosen, Patienten-, Simultanbehandlung, Patienten, Behandlungen	DerHautarzt.80490276.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Im Rahmen eines Liaisonkonzeptes zwischen den Abteilungen der Hautklinik und der Abteilung der Psychosomatik/Psychotherapie des Universitaetsklinikums Duesseldorf wurden 187 Patienten der Hautklinik psychosomatisch und testpsychologisch untersucht . Die Verteilung von Hauterkrankungen und psychosomatischen Diagnosen nach ICD 10 werden dargestellt . Es zeigte sich , dass Patienten- ( Symptom-Check-Liste-90-R) und Untersuchereinschaetzung ( Beeintraechtigungsschwere-Score ) positiv korrelieren . Es wird fuer eine dermatologisch-psychosomatische Simultanbehandlung plaediert , um das primaer organische Beziehungsangebot des Patienten in ein personelles zu uebersetzen , was wiederum in poststationaere simultane Behandlungen einmuenden koennte und so zu einer sinnvollen Weiterentwicklung des stationaer erreichten Behandlungsergebnisses fuehren kann . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Im Rahmen eines Liaisonkonzeptes zwischen den Abteilungen der Hautklinik und der Abteilung der Psychosomatik/Psychotherapie des Universitaetsklinikums Duesseldorf wurden 187 Patienten der Hautklinik psychosomatisch und testpsychologisch untersucht . Die Verteilung von Hauterkrankungen und psychosomatischen Diagnosen nach ICD 10 werden dargestellt . Es zeigte sich , dass Patienten- ( Symptom-Check-Liste-90-R) und Untersuchereinschaetzung ( Beeintraechtigungsschwere-Score ) positiv korrelieren . Es wird fuer eine dermatologisch-psychosomatische Simultanbehandlung plaediert , um das primaer organische Beziehungsangebot des Patienten in ein personelles zu uebersetzen , was wiederum in poststationaere simultane Behandlungen einmuenden koennte und so zu einer sinnvollen Weiterentwicklung des stationaer erreichten Behandlungsergebnisses fuehren kann .	[ "Im", "Rahmen", "eines", "Liaisonkonzeptes", "zwischen", "den", "Abteilungen", "der", "Hautklinik", "und", "der", "Abteilung", "der", "Psychosomatik", "/", "Psychotherapie", "des", "Universitaetsklinikums", "Duesseldorf", "wurden", "187", "Patienten", "der", "Hautklinik", "psychosomatisch", "und", "testpsychologisch", "untersucht", ".", "Die", "Verteilung", "von", "Hauterkrankungen", "und", "psychosomatischen", "Diagnosen", "nach", "ICD", "10", "werden", "dargestellt", ".", "Es", "zeigte", "sich", ",", "dass", "Patienten-", "(", "Symptom", "-", "Check", "-", "Liste-90-R", ")", "und", "Untersuchereinschaetzung", "(", "Beeintraechtigungsschwere", "-", "Score", ")", "positiv", "korrelieren", ".", "Es", "wird", "fuer", "eine", "dermatologisch", "-", "psychosomatische", "Simultanbehandlung", "plaediert", ",", "um", "das", "primaer", "organische", "Beziehungsangebot", "des", "Patienten", "in", "ein", "personelles", "zu", "uebersetzen", ",", "was", "wiederum", "in", "poststationaere", "simultane", "Behandlungen", "einmuenden", "koennte", "und", "so", "zu", "einer", "sinnvollen", "Weiterentwicklung", "des", "stationaer", "erreichten", "Behandlungsergebnisses", "fuehren", "kann", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Energiestoffwechsel is an umlsterm, Restmyokard is an umlsterm, Vorderwandinfarkt is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Stenose is an umlsterm, Vorderwandinfarkt is an umlsterm, phosphor - spektroskopisch is an umlsterm, Phosphorspektren is an umlsterm, Koronarstenosen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patientenkollektiv is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Ventrikelfunktion is an umlsterm, Patientengruppe is an umlsterm, Myokard is an umlsterm, Vorderwandinfarkt is an umlsterm, Myokards is an umlsterm, Infarktgebiet is an umlsterm, Enzymkonzentrationen is an umlsterm	ZfuerKardiologie.70860113.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Um den Energiestoffwechsel in vitalem Restmyokard nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt in vivo zu charakterisieren , wurden Patienten Gruppe A , ( n = 19 ) mit einer Stenose des Ramus interventricularis anterior RIVA ) und laevokardiographisch nachgewiesener Vorderwand-Hypokinesie ( nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt phosphor-spektroskopisch untersucht und mit einem gesunden Probandenkollektiv verglichen . Das Messvolumen wurde zunaechst mittels Kernspin-Bildgebung in der anterioren Vorderwand positioniert . Die Phosphorspektren wurden dann unter voller antianginoeser Medikation aufgezeichnet . Um einen Einfluss der Koronarstenosen ausschliessen zu koennen , wurden zusaetzlich Patienten ( Gruppe B , n = 4 ) mit RIVA-Stenose ohne Vorderwand-Kontraktionsstoerung untersucht . Der Einfluss einer antianginoesen Medikation auf den PCrATP-Quotienten wurde bei einem weiteren Patientenkollektiv ( Gruppe C , n = 4 ) mit den gleichen klinischen Kriterien wie Gruppe A zuerst ohne antianginoese Medikation ( Auswaschphase > 1 Tag ) und danach unter laufender i.v. Medikation von Glyceroltrinitrat bestimmt . Im Vergleich zum Normalkollektiv ( 1,74 +/- 0,23 ) zeigte sich bei Gruppe A ( 1,4 +/- 0,18 ) eine signifikante Erniedrigung ( p 0,01 ) des mittleren PCrATP-Quotienten . Bei Patienten mit normaler Ventrikelfunktion ( Gruppe B ) fand sich hingegen keine wesentliche Abweichung des Quotienten gegenueber dem Nornmalkollektiv ( PCrATP : 1,64 +/- 0,22 ; p = 0,23 ) . Nach i.v. Gabe von Glyceroltrinitrat stieg der PCrATP-Quotient bei der Patientengruppe C von 1,12 +/- 0,08 auf 1,32 +/- 0,13 ( p 0,01 ) . Hypokinetisches Myokard nach nichttransmuralemn Vorderwandinfarkt geht bereits unter Ruhebedingungen mit einer Verminderung des Energiezwischenspeichers PCr im Vergleich zum ATP-Gehalt des Myokards einher . Als moegliche Ursachen kommen sowohl eine Myozytendegeneration aufgrund gestoerter Mikroperfusion als auch Remodelingprozesse von vitalen Myozyten im Infarktgebiet in Frage . Beide Moeglichkeiten koennen dann z.B. ueber eine Anpassung der zellulaeren Enzymkonzentrationen zu dem erniedrigten PCr-Gehalt der Myozyten fuehren . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Um den Energiestoffwechsel in vitalem Restmyokard nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt in vivo zu charakterisieren , wurden Patienten Gruppe A , ( n = 19 ) mit einer Stenose des Ramus interventricularis anterior RIVA ) und laevokardiographisch nachgewiesener Vorderwand-Hypokinesie ( nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt phosphor-spektroskopisch untersucht und mit einem gesunden Probandenkollektiv verglichen . Das Messvolumen wurde zunaechst mittels Kernspin-Bildgebung in der anterioren Vorderwand positioniert . Die Phosphorspektren wurden dann unter voller antianginoeser Medikation aufgezeichnet . Um einen Einfluss der Koronarstenosen ausschliessen zu koennen , wurden zusaetzlich Patienten ( Gruppe B , n = 4 ) mit RIVA-Stenose ohne Vorderwand-Kontraktionsstoerung untersucht . Der Einfluss einer antianginoesen Medikation auf den PCrATP-Quotienten wurde bei einem weiteren Patientenkollektiv ( Gruppe C , n = 4 ) mit den gleichen klinischen Kriterien wie Gruppe A zuerst ohne antianginoese Medikation ( Auswaschphase > 1 Tag ) und danach unter laufender i.v. Medikation von Glyceroltrinitrat bestimmt . Im Vergleich zum Normalkollektiv ( 1,74 +/- 0,23 ) zeigte sich bei Gruppe A ( 1,4 +/- 0,18 ) eine signifikante Erniedrigung ( p 0,01 ) des mittleren PCrATP-Quotienten . Bei Patienten mit normaler Ventrikelfunktion ( Gruppe B ) fand sich hingegen keine wesentliche Abweichung des Quotienten gegenueber dem Nornmalkollektiv ( PCrATP : 1,64 +/- 0,22 ; p = 0,23 ) . Nach i.v. Gabe von Glyceroltrinitrat stieg der PCrATP-Quotient bei der Patientengruppe C von 1,12 +/- 0,08 auf 1,32 +/- 0,13 ( p 0,01 ) . Hypokinetisches Myokard nach nichttransmuralemn Vorderwandinfarkt geht bereits unter Ruhebedingungen mit einer Verminderung des Energiezwischenspeichers PCr im Vergleich zum ATP-Gehalt des Myokards einher . Als moegliche Ursachen kommen sowohl eine Myozytendegeneration aufgrund gestoerter Mikroperfusion als auch Remodelingprozesse von vitalen Myozyten im Infarktgebiet in Frage . Beide Moeglichkeiten koennen dann z.B. ueber eine Anpassung der zellulaeren Enzymkonzentrationen zu dem erniedrigten PCr-Gehalt der Myozyten fuehren .	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Energiestoffwechsel is an umlsterm, Restmyokard is an umlsterm, Vorderwandinfarkt is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Stenose is an umlsterm, Vorderwandinfarkt is an umlsterm, phosphor - spektroskopisch is an umlsterm, Phosphorspektren is an umlsterm, Koronarstenosen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patientenkollektiv is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Ventrikelfunktion is an umlsterm, Patientengruppe is an umlsterm, Myokard is an umlsterm, Vorderwandinfarkt is an umlsterm, Myokards is an umlsterm, Infarktgebiet is an umlsterm, Enzymkonzentrationen is an umlsterm	ZfuerKardiologie.70860113.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Um den Energiestoffwechsel in vitalem Restmyokard nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt in vivo zu charakterisieren , wurden Patienten Gruppe A , ( n = 19 ) mit einer Stenose des Ramus interventricularis anterior RIVA ) und laevokardiographisch nachgewiesener Vorderwand-Hypokinesie ( nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt phosphor-spektroskopisch untersucht und mit einem gesunden Probandenkollektiv verglichen . Das Messvolumen wurde zunaechst mittels Kernspin-Bildgebung in der anterioren Vorderwand positioniert . Die Phosphorspektren wurden dann unter voller antianginoeser Medikation aufgezeichnet . Um einen Einfluss der Koronarstenosen ausschliessen zu koennen , wurden zusaetzlich Patienten ( Gruppe B , n = 4 ) mit RIVA-Stenose ohne Vorderwand-Kontraktionsstoerung untersucht . Der Einfluss einer antianginoesen Medikation auf den PCrATP-Quotienten wurde bei einem weiteren Patientenkollektiv ( Gruppe C , n = 4 ) mit den gleichen klinischen Kriterien wie Gruppe A zuerst ohne antianginoese Medikation ( Auswaschphase > 1 Tag ) und danach unter laufender i.v. Medikation von Glyceroltrinitrat bestimmt . Im Vergleich zum Normalkollektiv ( 1,74 +/- 0,23 ) zeigte sich bei Gruppe A ( 1,4 +/- 0,18 ) eine signifikante Erniedrigung ( p 0,01 ) des mittleren PCrATP-Quotienten . Bei Patienten mit normaler Ventrikelfunktion ( Gruppe B ) fand sich hingegen keine wesentliche Abweichung des Quotienten gegenueber dem Nornmalkollektiv ( PCrATP : 1,64 +/- 0,22 ; p = 0,23 ) . Nach i.v. Gabe von Glyceroltrinitrat stieg der PCrATP-Quotient bei der Patientengruppe C von 1,12 +/- 0,08 auf 1,32 +/- 0,13 ( p 0,01 ) . Hypokinetisches Myokard nach nichttransmuralemn Vorderwandinfarkt geht bereits unter Ruhebedingungen mit einer Verminderung des Energiezwischenspeichers PCr im Vergleich zum ATP-Gehalt des Myokards einher . Als moegliche Ursachen kommen sowohl eine Myozytendegeneration aufgrund gestoerter Mikroperfusion als auch Remodelingprozesse von vitalen Myozyten im Infarktgebiet in Frage . Beide Moeglichkeiten koennen dann z.B. ueber eine Anpassung der zellulaeren Enzymkonzentrationen zu dem erniedrigten PCr-Gehalt der Myozyten fuehren . 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Das Messvolumen wurde zunaechst mittels Kernspin-Bildgebung in der anterioren Vorderwand positioniert . Die Phosphorspektren wurden dann unter voller antianginoeser Medikation aufgezeichnet . Um einen Einfluss der Koronarstenosen ausschliessen zu koennen , wurden zusaetzlich Patienten ( Gruppe B , n = 4 ) mit RIVA-Stenose ohne Vorderwand-Kontraktionsstoerung untersucht . Der Einfluss einer antianginoesen Medikation auf den PCrATP-Quotienten wurde bei einem weiteren Patientenkollektiv ( Gruppe C , n = 4 ) mit den gleichen klinischen Kriterien wie Gruppe A zuerst ohne antianginoese Medikation ( Auswaschphase > 1 Tag ) und danach unter laufender i.v. Medikation von Glyceroltrinitrat bestimmt . Im Vergleich zum Normalkollektiv ( 1,74 +/- 0,23 ) zeigte sich bei Gruppe A ( 1,4 +/- 0,18 ) eine signifikante Erniedrigung ( p 0,01 ) des mittleren PCrATP-Quotienten . Bei Patienten mit normaler Ventrikelfunktion ( Gruppe B ) fand sich hingegen keine wesentliche Abweichung des Quotienten gegenueber dem Nornmalkollektiv ( PCrATP : 1,64 +/- 0,22 ; p = 0,23 ) . Nach i.v. Gabe von Glyceroltrinitrat stieg der PCrATP-Quotient bei der Patientengruppe C von 1,12 +/- 0,08 auf 1,32 +/- 0,13 ( p 0,01 ) . Hypokinetisches Myokard nach nichttransmuralemn Vorderwandinfarkt geht bereits unter Ruhebedingungen mit einer Verminderung des Energiezwischenspeichers PCr im Vergleich zum ATP-Gehalt des Myokards einher . Als moegliche Ursachen kommen sowohl eine Myozytendegeneration aufgrund gestoerter Mikroperfusion als auch Remodelingprozesse von vitalen Myozyten im Infarktgebiet in Frage . Beide Moeglichkeiten koennen dann z.B. ueber eine Anpassung der zellulaeren Enzymkonzentrationen zu dem erniedrigten PCr-Gehalt der Myozyten fuehren .	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Energiestoffwechsel, Restmyokard, Vorderwandinfarkt, Patienten, Stenose, Vorderwandinfarkt, phosphor - spektroskopisch, Phosphorspektren, Koronarstenosen, Patienten, Patientenkollektiv, Patienten, Ventrikelfunktion, Patientengruppe, Myokard, Vorderwandinfarkt, Myokards, Infarktgebiet, Enzymkonzentrationen	ZfuerKardiologie.70860113.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Um den Energiestoffwechsel in vitalem Restmyokard nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt in vivo zu charakterisieren , wurden Patienten Gruppe A , ( n = 19 ) mit einer Stenose des Ramus interventricularis anterior RIVA ) und laevokardiographisch nachgewiesener Vorderwand-Hypokinesie ( nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt phosphor-spektroskopisch untersucht und mit einem gesunden Probandenkollektiv verglichen . Das Messvolumen wurde zunaechst mittels Kernspin-Bildgebung in der anterioren Vorderwand positioniert . Die Phosphorspektren wurden dann unter voller antianginoeser Medikation aufgezeichnet . Um einen Einfluss der Koronarstenosen ausschliessen zu koennen , wurden zusaetzlich Patienten ( Gruppe B , n = 4 ) mit RIVA-Stenose ohne Vorderwand-Kontraktionsstoerung untersucht . Der Einfluss einer antianginoesen Medikation auf den PCrATP-Quotienten wurde bei einem weiteren Patientenkollektiv ( Gruppe C , n = 4 ) mit den gleichen klinischen Kriterien wie Gruppe A zuerst ohne antianginoese Medikation ( Auswaschphase > 1 Tag ) und danach unter laufender i.v. Medikation von Glyceroltrinitrat bestimmt . Im Vergleich zum Normalkollektiv ( 1,74 +/- 0,23 ) zeigte sich bei Gruppe A ( 1,4 +/- 0,18 ) eine signifikante Erniedrigung ( p 0,01 ) des mittleren PCrATP-Quotienten . Bei Patienten mit normaler Ventrikelfunktion ( Gruppe B ) fand sich hingegen keine wesentliche Abweichung des Quotienten gegenueber dem Nornmalkollektiv ( PCrATP : 1,64 +/- 0,22 ; p = 0,23 ) . Nach i.v. Gabe von Glyceroltrinitrat stieg der PCrATP-Quotient bei der Patientengruppe C von 1,12 +/- 0,08 auf 1,32 +/- 0,13 ( p 0,01 ) . Hypokinetisches Myokard nach nichttransmuralemn Vorderwandinfarkt geht bereits unter Ruhebedingungen mit einer Verminderung des Energiezwischenspeichers PCr im Vergleich zum ATP-Gehalt des Myokards einher . Als moegliche Ursachen kommen sowohl eine Myozytendegeneration aufgrund gestoerter Mikroperfusion als auch Remodelingprozesse von vitalen Myozyten im Infarktgebiet in Frage . Beide Moeglichkeiten koennen dann z.B. ueber eine Anpassung der zellulaeren Enzymkonzentrationen zu dem erniedrigten PCr-Gehalt der Myozyten fuehren . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Um den Energiestoffwechsel in vitalem Restmyokard nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt in vivo zu charakterisieren , wurden Patienten Gruppe A , ( n = 19 ) mit einer Stenose des Ramus interventricularis anterior RIVA ) und laevokardiographisch nachgewiesener Vorderwand-Hypokinesie ( nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt phosphor-spektroskopisch untersucht und mit einem gesunden Probandenkollektiv verglichen . Das Messvolumen wurde zunaechst mittels Kernspin-Bildgebung in der anterioren Vorderwand positioniert . Die Phosphorspektren wurden dann unter voller antianginoeser Medikation aufgezeichnet . Um einen Einfluss der Koronarstenosen ausschliessen zu koennen , wurden zusaetzlich Patienten ( Gruppe B , n = 4 ) mit RIVA-Stenose ohne Vorderwand-Kontraktionsstoerung untersucht . Der Einfluss einer antianginoesen Medikation auf den PCrATP-Quotienten wurde bei einem weiteren Patientenkollektiv ( Gruppe C , n = 4 ) mit den gleichen klinischen Kriterien wie Gruppe A zuerst ohne antianginoese Medikation ( Auswaschphase > 1 Tag ) und danach unter laufender i.v. Medikation von Glyceroltrinitrat bestimmt . Im Vergleich zum Normalkollektiv ( 1,74 +/- 0,23 ) zeigte sich bei Gruppe A ( 1,4 +/- 0,18 ) eine signifikante Erniedrigung ( p 0,01 ) des mittleren PCrATP-Quotienten . Bei Patienten mit normaler Ventrikelfunktion ( Gruppe B ) fand sich hingegen keine wesentliche Abweichung des Quotienten gegenueber dem Nornmalkollektiv ( PCrATP : 1,64 +/- 0,22 ; p = 0,23 ) . Nach i.v. Gabe von Glyceroltrinitrat stieg der PCrATP-Quotient bei der Patientengruppe C von 1,12 +/- 0,08 auf 1,32 +/- 0,13 ( p 0,01 ) . Hypokinetisches Myokard nach nichttransmuralemn Vorderwandinfarkt geht bereits unter Ruhebedingungen mit einer Verminderung des Energiezwischenspeichers PCr im Vergleich zum ATP-Gehalt des Myokards einher . Als moegliche Ursachen kommen sowohl eine Myozytendegeneration aufgrund gestoerter Mikroperfusion als auch Remodelingprozesse von vitalen Myozyten im Infarktgebiet in Frage . Beide Moeglichkeiten koennen dann z.B. ueber eine Anpassung der zellulaeren Enzymkonzentrationen zu dem erniedrigten PCr-Gehalt der Myozyten fuehren .	[ "Um", "den", "Energiestoffwechsel", "in", "vitalem", "Restmyokard", "nach", "nichttransmuralem", "Vorderwandinfarkt", "in", "vivo", "zu", "charakterisieren", ",", "wurden", "Patienten", "Gruppe", "A", ",", "(", "n", "=", "19", ")", "mit", "einer", "Stenose", "des", "Ramus", "interventricularis", "anterior", "RIVA", ")", "und", "laevokardiographisch", "nachgewiesener", "Vorderwand", "-", "Hypokinesie", "(", "nach", "nichttransmuralem", "Vorderwandinfarkt", "phosphor", "-", "spektroskopisch", "untersucht", "und", "mit", "einem", "gesunden", "Probandenkollektiv", "verglichen", ".", "Das", "Messvolumen", "wurde", "zunaechst", "mittels", "Kernspin", "-", "Bildgebung", "in", "der", "anterioren", "Vorderwand", "positioniert", ".", "Die", "Phosphorspektren", "wurden", "dann", "unter", "voller", "antianginoeser", "Medikation", "aufgezeichnet", ".", "Um", "einen", "Einfluss", "der", "Koronarstenosen", "ausschliessen", "zu", "koennen", ",", "wurden", "zusaetzlich", "Patienten", "(", "Gruppe", "B", ",", "n", "=", "4", ")", "mit", "RIVA", "-", "Stenose", "ohne", "Vorderwand", "-", "Kontraktionsstoerung", "untersucht", ".", "Der", "Einfluss", "einer", "antianginoesen", "Medikation", "auf", "den", "PCrATP", "-", "Quotienten", "wurde", "bei", "einem", "weiteren", "Patientenkollektiv", "(", "Gruppe", "C", ",", "n", "=", "4", ")", "mit", "den", "gleichen", "klinischen", "Kriterien", "wie", "Gruppe", "A", "zuerst", "ohne", "antianginoese", "Medikation", "(", "Auswaschphase", ">", "1", "Tag", ")", "und", "danach", "unter", "laufender", "i.v", ".", "Medikation", "von", "Glyceroltrinitrat", "bestimmt", ".", "Im", "Vergleich", "zum", "Normalkollektiv", "(", "1,74", "+", "/-", "0,23", ")", "zeigte", "sich", "bei", "Gruppe", "A", "(", "1,4", "+", "/-", "0,18", ")", "eine", "signifikante", "Erniedrigung", "(", "p", "0,01", ")", "des", "mittleren", "PCrATP", "-", "Quotienten", ".", "Bei", "Patienten", "mit", "normaler", "Ventrikelfunktion", "(", "Gruppe", "B", ")", "fand", "sich", "hingegen", "keine", "wesentliche", "Abweichung", "des", "Quotienten", "gegenueber", "dem", "Nornmalkollektiv", "(", "PCrATP", ":", "1,64", "+", "/-", "0,22", ";", "p", "=", "0,23", ")", ".", "Nach", "i.v", ".", "Gabe", "von", "Glyceroltrinitrat", "stieg", "der", "PCrATP", "-", "Quotient", "bei", "der", "Patientengruppe", "C", "von", "1,12", "+", "/-", "0,08", "auf", "1,32", "+", "/-", "0,13", "(", "p", "0,01", ")", ".", "Hypokinetisches", "Myokard", "nach", "nichttransmuralemn", "Vorderwandinfarkt", "geht", "bereits", "unter", "Ruhebedingungen", "mit", "einer", "Verminderung", "des", "Energiezwischenspeichers", "PCr", "im", "Vergleich", "zum", "ATP", "-", "Gehalt", "des", "Myokards", "einher", ".", "Als", "moegliche", "Ursachen", "kommen", "sowohl", "eine", "Myozytendegeneration", "aufgrund", "gestoerter", "Mikroperfusion", "als", "auch", "Remodelingprozesse", "von", "vitalen", "Myozyten", "im", "Infarktgebiet", "in", "Frage", ".", "Beide", "Moeglichkeiten", "koennen", "dann", "z.", "B.", "ueber", "eine", "Anpassung", "der", "zellulaeren", "Enzymkonzentrationen", "zu", "dem", "erniedrigten", "PCr", "-", "Gehalt", "der", "Myozyten", "fuehren", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
cyst is an umlsterm, heart is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, cardiac tamponade is an umlsterm, old is an umlsterm, male is an umlsterm, Kosovo is an umlsterm, emergency is an umlsterm, hospital is an umlsterm, dyspnea is an umlsterm, pain is an umlsterm, dizziness is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, unconsciousness is an umlsterm, Surgical decompression is an umlsterm, pericardium is an umlsterm, hydatid cyst is an umlsterm	ZfuerKardiologie.90881028.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: An echinococcal cyst of the heart is a rare cause of acute cardiac tamponade . We report on a 24 year old male from the Kosovo who was brought in an emergency state from a provincial hospital complaining of severe dyspnea , thoracic pain , dizziness , and a short period of unconsciousness . Surgical decompression had to be performed urgently , because the pericardium could not be punctuated due to the position of the hydatid cyst . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	An echinococcal cyst of the heart is a rare cause of acute cardiac tamponade . We report on a 24 year old male from the Kosovo who was brought in an emergency state from a provincial hospital complaining of severe dyspnea , thoracic pain , dizziness , and a short period of unconsciousness . Surgical decompression had to be performed urgently , because the pericardium could not be punctuated due to the position of the hydatid cyst .	[ "An", "echinococcal", "cyst", "of", "the", "heart", "is", "a", "rare", "cause", "of", "acute", "cardiac", "tamponade", ".", "We", "report", "on", "a", "24", "year", "old", "male", "from", "the", "Kosovo", "who", "was", "brought", "in", "an", "emergency", "state", "from", "a", "provincial", "hospital", "complaining", "of", "severe", "dyspnea", ",", "thoracic", "pain", ",", "dizziness", ",", "and", "a", "short", "period", "of", "unconsciousness", ".", "Surgical", "decompression", "had", "to", "be", "performed", "urgently", ",", "because", "the", "pericardium", "could", "not", "be", "punctuated", "due", "to", "the", "position", "of", "the", "hydatid", "cyst", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
cyst is an umlsterm, heart is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, cardiac tamponade is an umlsterm, old is an umlsterm, male is an umlsterm, Kosovo is an umlsterm, emergency is an umlsterm, hospital is an umlsterm, dyspnea is an umlsterm, pain is an umlsterm, dizziness is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, unconsciousness is an umlsterm, Surgical decompression is an umlsterm, pericardium is an umlsterm, hydatid cyst is an umlsterm	ZfuerKardiologie.90881028.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: An echinococcal cyst of the heart is a rare cause of acute cardiac tamponade . We report on a 24 year old male from the Kosovo who was brought in an emergency state from a provincial hospital complaining of severe dyspnea , thoracic pain , dizziness , and a short period of unconsciousness . Surgical decompression had to be performed urgently , because the pericardium could not be punctuated due to the position of the hydatid cyst . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cyst, heart, cause, cardiac tamponade, old, male, Kosovo, emergency, hospital, dyspnea, pain, dizziness, period, unconsciousness, Surgical decompression, pericardium, hydatid cyst Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	An echinococcal cyst of the heart is a rare cause of acute cardiac tamponade . We report on a 24 year old male from the Kosovo who was brought in an emergency state from a provincial hospital complaining of severe dyspnea , thoracic pain , dizziness , and a short period of unconsciousness . Surgical decompression had to be performed urgently , because the pericardium could not be punctuated due to the position of the hydatid cyst .	[ "An", "echinococcal", "cyst", "of", "the", "heart", "is", "a", "rare", "cause", "of", "acute", "cardiac", "tamponade", ".", "We", "report", "on", "a", "24", "year", "old", "male", "from", "the", "Kosovo", "who", "was", "brought", "in", "an", "emergency", "state", "from", "a", "provincial", "hospital", "complaining", "of", "severe", "dyspnea", ",", "thoracic", "pain", ",", "dizziness", ",", "and", "a", "short", "period", "of", "unconsciousness", ".", "Surgical", "decompression", "had", "to", "be", "performed", "urgently", ",", "because", "the", "pericardium", "could", "not", "be", "punctuated", "due", "to", "the", "position", "of", "the", "hydatid", "cyst", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
cyst, heart, cause, cardiac tamponade, old, male, Kosovo, emergency, hospital, dyspnea, pain, dizziness, period, unconsciousness, Surgical decompression, pericardium, hydatid cyst	ZfuerKardiologie.90881028.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: An echinococcal cyst of the heart is a rare cause of acute cardiac tamponade . We report on a 24 year old male from the Kosovo who was brought in an emergency state from a provincial hospital complaining of severe dyspnea , thoracic pain , dizziness , and a short period of unconsciousness . Surgical decompression had to be performed urgently , because the pericardium could not be punctuated due to the position of the hydatid cyst . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	An echinococcal cyst of the heart is a rare cause of acute cardiac tamponade . We report on a 24 year old male from the Kosovo who was brought in an emergency state from a provincial hospital complaining of severe dyspnea , thoracic pain , dizziness , and a short period of unconsciousness . Surgical decompression had to be performed urgently , because the pericardium could not be punctuated due to the position of the hydatid cyst .	[ "An", "echinococcal", "cyst", "of", "the", "heart", "is", "a", "rare", "cause", "of", "acute", "cardiac", "tamponade", ".", "We", "report", "on", "a", "24", "year", "old", "male", "from", "the", "Kosovo", "who", "was", "brought", "in", "an", "emergency", "state", "from", "a", "provincial", "hospital", "complaining", "of", "severe", "dyspnea", ",", "thoracic", "pain", ",", "dizziness", ",", "and", "a", "short", "period", "of", "unconsciousness", ".", "Surgical", "decompression", "had", "to", "be", "performed", "urgently", ",", "because", "the", "pericardium", "could", "not", "be", "punctuated", "due", "to", "the", "position", "of", "the", "hydatid", "cyst", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Transdermal nitroglycerin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, angina pectoris is a Participant_Condition, transdermal nitroglycerin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, tolerance to the antianginal effect is a Outcome_Other, transdermal nitroglycerin in is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, 12 is a Participant_Sample-size, beta - adrenergic blocking is a Intervention_Pharmacological, calcium channel blocking agents is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Exercise performance is a Outcome_Physical, Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression is a Outcome_Physical, tolerance to antianginal effect is a Outcome_Other	74713_task0	Sentence: Transdermal nitroglycerin in angina pectoris : efficacy of intermittent application . Continuous application of transdermal nitroglycerin appears to result in tolerance to the antianginal effect . In a double-blind study the effects of continuous ( 24 h/day ) and intermittent ( 16 h/day ) application of transdermal nitroglycerin in a dosage of 10 mg/day were compared with the effects of placebo in 12 patients with chronic stable angina receiving treatment with beta-adrenergic blocking or calcium channel blocking agents . Exercise performance was assessed 2 to 4 hours after initial application and after 1 week of each treatment given in random order with a 3 day interval between treatments . Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression were all significantly increased after initial application during the continuous and intermittent treatment periods . These increases were maintained after 1 week of intermittent but not continuous treatment . Thus the benefit of initial application of transdermal nitroglycerin is maintained with intermittent treatment and a daily nitrate-free interval , whereas tolerance to antianginal effect occurs with continuous treatment . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Transdermal nitroglycerin in angina pectoris : efficacy of intermittent application . Continuous application of transdermal nitroglycerin appears to result in tolerance to the antianginal effect . In a double-blind study the effects of continuous ( 24 h/day ) and intermittent ( 16 h/day ) application of transdermal nitroglycerin in a dosage of 10 mg/day were compared with the effects of placebo in 12 patients with chronic stable angina receiving treatment with beta-adrenergic blocking or calcium channel blocking agents . Exercise performance was assessed 2 to 4 hours after initial application and after 1 week of each treatment given in random order with a 3 day interval between treatments . Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression were all significantly increased after initial application during the continuous and intermittent treatment periods . These increases were maintained after 1 week of intermittent but not continuous treatment . Thus the benefit of initial application of transdermal nitroglycerin is maintained with intermittent treatment and a daily nitrate-free interval , whereas tolerance to antianginal effect occurs with continuous treatment .	[ "Transdermal", "nitroglycerin", "in", "angina", "pectoris", ":", "efficacy", "of", "intermittent", "application", ".", "Continuous", "application", "of", "transdermal", "nitroglycerin", "appears", "to", "result", "in", "tolerance", "to", "the", "antianginal", "effect", ".", "In", "a", "double", "-", "blind", "study", "the", "effects", "of", "continuous", "(", "24", "h", "/", "day", ")", "and", "intermittent", "(", "16", "h", "/", "day", ")", "application", "of", "transdermal", "nitroglycerin", "in", "a", "dosage", "of", "10", "mg", "/", "day", "were", "compared", "with", "the", "effects", "of", "placebo", "in", "12", "patients", "with", "chronic", "stable", "angina", "receiving", "treatment", "with", "beta", "-", "adrenergic", "blocking", "or", "calcium", "channel", "blocking", "agents", ".", "Exercise", "performance", "was", "assessed", "2", "to", "4", "hours", "after", "initial", "application", "and", "after", "1", "week", "of", "each", "treatment", "given", "in", "random", "order", "with", "a", "3", "day", "interval", "between", "treatments", ".", "Exercise", "time", "to", "onset", "of", "angina", ",", "total", "exercise", "duration", "and", "time", "to", "1", "mm", "ST", "segment", "depression", "were", "all", "significantly", "increased", "after", "initial", "application", "during", "the", "continuous", "and", "intermittent", "treatment", "periods", ".", "These", "increases", "were", "maintained", "after", "1", "week", "of", "intermittent", "but", "not", "continuous", "treatment", ".", "Thus", "the", "benefit", "of", "initial", "application", "of", "transdermal", "nitroglycerin", "is", "maintained", "with", "intermittent", "treatment", "and", "a", "daily", "nitrate", "-", "free", "interval", ",", "whereas", "tolerance", "to", "antianginal", "effect", "occurs", "with", "continuous", "treatment", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
Transdermal nitroglycerin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, angina pectoris is a Participant_Condition, transdermal nitroglycerin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, tolerance to the antianginal effect is a Outcome_Other, transdermal nitroglycerin in is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, 12 is a Participant_Sample-size, beta - adrenergic blocking is a Intervention_Pharmacological, calcium channel blocking agents is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Exercise performance is a Outcome_Physical, Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression is a Outcome_Physical, tolerance to antianginal effect is a Outcome_Other	74713_task1	Sentence: Transdermal nitroglycerin in angina pectoris : efficacy of intermittent application . Continuous application of transdermal nitroglycerin appears to result in tolerance to the antianginal effect . In a double-blind study the effects of continuous ( 24 h/day ) and intermittent ( 16 h/day ) application of transdermal nitroglycerin in a dosage of 10 mg/day were compared with the effects of placebo in 12 patients with chronic stable angina receiving treatment with beta-adrenergic blocking or calcium channel blocking agents . Exercise performance was assessed 2 to 4 hours after initial application and after 1 week of each treatment given in random order with a 3 day interval between treatments . Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression were all significantly increased after initial application during the continuous and intermittent treatment periods . These increases were maintained after 1 week of intermittent but not continuous treatment . Thus the benefit of initial application of transdermal nitroglycerin is maintained with intermittent treatment and a daily nitrate-free interval , whereas tolerance to antianginal effect occurs with continuous treatment . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Transdermal nitroglycerin, angina pectoris, transdermal nitroglycerin, tolerance to the antianginal effect, transdermal nitroglycerin in, placebo, 12, beta - adrenergic blocking, calcium channel blocking agents, Exercise performance, Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression, tolerance to antianginal effect Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Transdermal nitroglycerin in angina pectoris : efficacy of intermittent application . Continuous application of transdermal nitroglycerin appears to result in tolerance to the antianginal effect . In a double-blind study the effects of continuous ( 24 h/day ) and intermittent ( 16 h/day ) application of transdermal nitroglycerin in a dosage of 10 mg/day were compared with the effects of placebo in 12 patients with chronic stable angina receiving treatment with beta-adrenergic blocking or calcium channel blocking agents . Exercise performance was assessed 2 to 4 hours after initial application and after 1 week of each treatment given in random order with a 3 day interval between treatments . Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression were all significantly increased after initial application during the continuous and intermittent treatment periods . These increases were maintained after 1 week of intermittent but not continuous treatment . Thus the benefit of initial application of transdermal nitroglycerin is maintained with intermittent treatment and a daily nitrate-free interval , whereas tolerance to antianginal effect occurs with continuous treatment .	[ "Transdermal", "nitroglycerin", "in", "angina", "pectoris", ":", "efficacy", "of", "intermittent", "application", ".", "Continuous", "application", "of", "transdermal", "nitroglycerin", "appears", "to", "result", "in", "tolerance", "to", "the", "antianginal", "effect", ".", "In", "a", "double", "-", "blind", "study", "the", "effects", "of", "continuous", "(", "24", "h", "/", "day", ")", "and", "intermittent", "(", "16", "h", "/", "day", ")", "application", "of", "transdermal", "nitroglycerin", "in", "a", "dosage", "of", "10", "mg", "/", "day", "were", "compared", "with", "the", "effects", "of", "placebo", "in", "12", "patients", "with", "chronic", "stable", "angina", "receiving", "treatment", "with", "beta", "-", "adrenergic", "blocking", "or", "calcium", "channel", "blocking", "agents", ".", "Exercise", "performance", "was", "assessed", "2", "to", "4", "hours", "after", "initial", "application", "and", "after", "1", "week", "of", "each", "treatment", "given", "in", "random", "order", "with", "a", "3", "day", "interval", "between", "treatments", ".", "Exercise", "time", "to", "onset", "of", "angina", ",", "total", "exercise", "duration", "and", "time", "to", "1", "mm", "ST", "segment", "depression", "were", "all", "significantly", "increased", "after", "initial", "application", "during", "the", "continuous", "and", "intermittent", "treatment", "periods", ".", "These", "increases", "were", "maintained", "after", "1", "week", "of", "intermittent", "but", "not", "continuous", "treatment", ".", "Thus", "the", "benefit", "of", "initial", "application", "of", "transdermal", "nitroglycerin", "is", "maintained", "with", "intermittent", "treatment", "and", "a", "daily", "nitrate", "-", "free", "interval", ",", "whereas", "tolerance", "to", "antianginal", "effect", "occurs", "with", "continuous", "treatment", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
Transdermal nitroglycerin, angina pectoris, transdermal nitroglycerin, tolerance to the antianginal effect, transdermal nitroglycerin in, placebo, 12, beta - adrenergic blocking, calcium channel blocking agents, Exercise performance, Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression, tolerance to antianginal effect	74713_task2	Sentence: Transdermal nitroglycerin in angina pectoris : efficacy of intermittent application . Continuous application of transdermal nitroglycerin appears to result in tolerance to the antianginal effect . In a double-blind study the effects of continuous ( 24 h/day ) and intermittent ( 16 h/day ) application of transdermal nitroglycerin in a dosage of 10 mg/day were compared with the effects of placebo in 12 patients with chronic stable angina receiving treatment with beta-adrenergic blocking or calcium channel blocking agents . Exercise performance was assessed 2 to 4 hours after initial application and after 1 week of each treatment given in random order with a 3 day interval between treatments . Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression were all significantly increased after initial application during the continuous and intermittent treatment periods . These increases were maintained after 1 week of intermittent but not continuous treatment . Thus the benefit of initial application of transdermal nitroglycerin is maintained with intermittent treatment and a daily nitrate-free interval , whereas tolerance to antianginal effect occurs with continuous treatment . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Transdermal nitroglycerin in angina pectoris : efficacy of intermittent application . Continuous application of transdermal nitroglycerin appears to result in tolerance to the antianginal effect . In a double-blind study the effects of continuous ( 24 h/day ) and intermittent ( 16 h/day ) application of transdermal nitroglycerin in a dosage of 10 mg/day were compared with the effects of placebo in 12 patients with chronic stable angina receiving treatment with beta-adrenergic blocking or calcium channel blocking agents . Exercise performance was assessed 2 to 4 hours after initial application and after 1 week of each treatment given in random order with a 3 day interval between treatments . Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression were all significantly increased after initial application during the continuous and intermittent treatment periods . These increases were maintained after 1 week of intermittent but not continuous treatment . Thus the benefit of initial application of transdermal nitroglycerin is maintained with intermittent treatment and a daily nitrate-free interval , whereas tolerance to antianginal effect occurs with continuous treatment .	[ "Transdermal", "nitroglycerin", "in", "angina", "pectoris", ":", "efficacy", "of", "intermittent", "application", ".", "Continuous", "application", "of", "transdermal", "nitroglycerin", "appears", "to", "result", "in", "tolerance", "to", "the", "antianginal", "effect", ".", "In", "a", "double", "-", "blind", "study", "the", "effects", "of", "continuous", "(", "24", "h", "/", "day", ")", "and", "intermittent", "(", "16", "h", "/", "day", ")", "application", "of", "transdermal", "nitroglycerin", "in", "a", "dosage", "of", "10", "mg", "/", "day", "were", "compared", "with", "the", "effects", "of", "placebo", "in", "12", "patients", "with", "chronic", "stable", "angina", "receiving", "treatment", "with", "beta", "-", "adrenergic", "blocking", "or", "calcium", "channel", "blocking", "agents", ".", "Exercise", "performance", "was", "assessed", "2", "to", "4", "hours", "after", "initial", "application", "and", "after", "1", "week", "of", "each", "treatment", "given", "in", "random", "order", "with", "a", "3", "day", "interval", "between", "treatments", ".", "Exercise", "time", "to", "onset", "of", "angina", ",", "total", "exercise", "duration", "and", "time", "to", "1", "mm", "ST", "segment", "depression", "were", "all", "significantly", "increased", "after", "initial", "application", "during", "the", "continuous", "and", "intermittent", "treatment", "periods", ".", "These", "increases", "were", "maintained", "after", "1", "week", "of", "intermittent", "but", "not", "continuous", "treatment", ".", "Thus", "the", "benefit", "of", "initial", "application", "of", "transdermal", "nitroglycerin", "is", "maintained", "with", "intermittent", "treatment", "and", "a", "daily", "nitrate", "-", "free", "interval", ",", "whereas", "tolerance", "to", "antianginal", "effect", "occurs", "with", "continuous", "treatment", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
miotics is an umlsterm, intraocular pressure is an umlsterm, blood - aqueous barrier is an umlsterm, phacoemulsification is an umlsterm, implantation is an umlsterm	DerOpthalmologe.90960583.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Background : In the present study we evaluated the influence of topical miotics on intraocular pressure and the blood-aqueous barrier after uncomplicated phacoemulsification and PC-IOL implantation . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Background : In the present study we evaluated the influence of topical miotics on intraocular pressure and the blood-aqueous barrier after uncomplicated phacoemulsification and PC-IOL implantation .	[ "Background", ":", "In", "the", "present", "study", "we", "evaluated", "the", "influence", "of", "topical", "miotics", "on", "intraocular", "pressure", "and", "the", "blood", "-", "aqueous", "barrier", "after", "uncomplicated", "phacoemulsification", "and", "PC", "-", "IOL", "implantation", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
miotics is an umlsterm, intraocular pressure is an umlsterm, blood - aqueous barrier is an umlsterm, phacoemulsification is an umlsterm, implantation is an umlsterm	DerOpthalmologe.90960583.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Background : In the present study we evaluated the influence of topical miotics on intraocular pressure and the blood-aqueous barrier after uncomplicated phacoemulsification and PC-IOL implantation . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: miotics, intraocular pressure, blood - aqueous barrier, phacoemulsification, implantation Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Background : In the present study we evaluated the influence of topical miotics on intraocular pressure and the blood-aqueous barrier after uncomplicated phacoemulsification and PC-IOL implantation .	[ "Background", ":", "In", "the", "present", "study", "we", "evaluated", "the", "influence", "of", "topical", "miotics", "on", "intraocular", "pressure", "and", "the", "blood", "-", "aqueous", "barrier", "after", "uncomplicated", "phacoemulsification", "and", "PC", "-", "IOL", "implantation", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
miotics, intraocular pressure, blood - aqueous barrier, phacoemulsification, implantation	DerOpthalmologe.90960583.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Background : In the present study we evaluated the influence of topical miotics on intraocular pressure and the blood-aqueous barrier after uncomplicated phacoemulsification and PC-IOL implantation . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Background : In the present study we evaluated the influence of topical miotics on intraocular pressure and the blood-aqueous barrier after uncomplicated phacoemulsification and PC-IOL implantation .	[ "Background", ":", "In", "the", "present", "study", "we", "evaluated", "the", "influence", "of", "topical", "miotics", "on", "intraocular", "pressure", "and", "the", "blood", "-", "aqueous", "barrier", "after", "uncomplicated", "phacoemulsification", "and", "PC", "-", "IOL", "implantation", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Lung volume reduction is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, shortness of breath is an umlsterm, exercise tolerance is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, lung is an umlsterm, emphysema is an umlsterm, Selection is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, history is an umlsterm, clinical investigation is an umlsterm, chest is an umlsterm, X - ray is an umlsterm, CT scan is an umlsterm, lung is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, lung is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, testing is an umlsterm, blood gas analysis is an umlsterm, Selection criteria is an umlsterm, emphysema is an umlsterm, TLC is an umlsterm, dyspnea is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, smoking is an umlsterm, nutritional status is an umlsterm, rehabilitation is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, lung is an umlsterm, chest is an umlsterm, X - ray is an umlsterm, CT scan is an umlsterm, lung is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, rehabilitation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, choice is an umlsterm, thoracotomy is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm, thoracoscopy is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, morbidity is an umlsterm, Laser is an umlsterm, therapeutic is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, Reinforcement is an umlsterm, sutures is an umlsterm, bovine is an umlsterm, pericardium is an umlsterm, air is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, dyspnea is an umlsterm, finding is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, distance is an umlsterm, air is an umlsterm, respiratory muscle is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, drive is an umlsterm, quality of life is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, hospital is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, air is an umlsterm, pneumonia is an umlsterm, pneumothorax is an umlsterm, hospital mortality is an umlsterm, mortality is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm	DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Lung volume reduction ( LVR ) is a new surgical approach designed to relieve shortness of breath and to improve exercise tolerance in patients with severe lung emphysema . Selection of patients for LVR is based on history , clinical investigation , chest X-ray studies , CT scan , lung perfusion scan , lung function testing , and blood gas analysis . Selection criteria are severe emphysema ( FEV1 20-35 % pred . , TLC > 120 % pred . , RV > 250 % pred . ) , dyspnea despite optimized medical therapy , abstinence from smoking , acceptable nutritional status and rehabilitation potential . Patients with a uniform pattern of lung destruction benefit far less than those with a more localised pattern ( > 30 % on chest X-ray or CT scan ) with the remaining lung being quite normal and a reduced perfusion of only the damaged areas . Prior to the final decision for LVR , all patients are enrolled in a supervised rehabilitation programme of 4 weeks duration . Some patients benefit so much that LVR can be postponed . The surgical approach of choice is a median sternotomy for bilateral LVR when the upper lobes are the target areas and a bilateral thoracotomy if the lower lobes are mainly affected . When a bilateral procedure is contraindicated , a unilateral approach may be an option . It is not yet clear whether an approach by thoracoscopy allows adequate surgical removal of all affected areas and whether the morbidity is lower . Laser ablation is a further therapeutic option but is much less effective than the surgical resection . Reinforcement of sutures using bovine pericardium strips reduces the chance of a prolonged air leak but is expensive . The results from our institution in 57 patients 1 month after LVR surgery showed the following : improvement in dyspnea was a consistent finding in 88 % of patients , the 6-min walking distance increased on average by 150 m , the FEV1 by 0.3 l for unilateral LVR and 0.5 l for bilateral LVR . The mean PaO2 in ambient air increased 6 mmHg after unilateral and 8 mmHg after bilateral LVR . There was also a significant improvement in respiratory muscle function and a reduction in respiratory drive . A significant improvement in quality of life was documented in 83 % of the patients . Major hospital complications are prolonged air leak , pneumonia , and myocardial failure . Three cases of a delayed pneumothorax were observed . Early hospital mortality ( 30 days ) was 1.7 % and 90 days mortality 3.4 % . Few follow-up data are available beyond 1 year , and the long-term benefit of LVR surgery therefore remains to be defined . 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Selection of patients for LVR is based on history , clinical investigation , chest X-ray studies , CT scan , lung perfusion scan , lung function testing , and blood gas analysis . Selection criteria are severe emphysema ( FEV1 20-35 % pred . , TLC > 120 % pred . , RV > 250 % pred . ) , dyspnea despite optimized medical therapy , abstinence from smoking , acceptable nutritional status and rehabilitation potential . Patients with a uniform pattern of lung destruction benefit far less than those with a more localised pattern ( > 30 % on chest X-ray or CT scan ) with the remaining lung being quite normal and a reduced perfusion of only the damaged areas . Prior to the final decision for LVR , all patients are enrolled in a supervised rehabilitation programme of 4 weeks duration . Some patients benefit so much that LVR can be postponed . The surgical approach of choice is a median sternotomy for bilateral LVR when the upper lobes are the target areas and a bilateral thoracotomy if the lower lobes are mainly affected . When a bilateral procedure is contraindicated , a unilateral approach may be an option . It is not yet clear whether an approach by thoracoscopy allows adequate surgical removal of all affected areas and whether the morbidity is lower . Laser ablation is a further therapeutic option but is much less effective than the surgical resection . Reinforcement of sutures using bovine pericardium strips reduces the chance of a prolonged air leak but is expensive . The results from our institution in 57 patients 1 month after LVR surgery showed the following : improvement in dyspnea was a consistent finding in 88 % of patients , the 6-min walking distance increased on average by 150 m , the FEV1 by 0.3 l for unilateral LVR and 0.5 l for bilateral LVR . The mean PaO2 in ambient air increased 6 mmHg after unilateral and 8 mmHg after bilateral LVR . There was also a significant improvement in respiratory muscle function and a reduction in respiratory drive . A significant improvement in quality of life was documented in 83 % of the patients . Major hospital complications are prolonged air leak , pneumonia , and myocardial failure . Three cases of a delayed pneumothorax were observed . Early hospital mortality ( 30 days ) was 1.7 % and 90 days mortality 3.4 % . Few follow-up data are available beyond 1 year , and the long-term benefit of LVR surgery therefore remains to be defined .	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Lung volume reduction is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, shortness of breath is an umlsterm, exercise tolerance is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, lung is an umlsterm, emphysema is an umlsterm, Selection is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, history is an umlsterm, clinical investigation is an umlsterm, chest is an umlsterm, X - ray is an umlsterm, CT scan is an umlsterm, lung is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, lung is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, testing is an umlsterm, blood gas analysis is an umlsterm, Selection criteria is an umlsterm, emphysema is an umlsterm, TLC is an umlsterm, dyspnea is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, smoking is an umlsterm, nutritional status is an umlsterm, rehabilitation is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, lung is an umlsterm, chest is an umlsterm, X - ray is an umlsterm, CT scan is an umlsterm, lung is an umlsterm, perfusion is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, rehabilitation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, choice is an umlsterm, thoracotomy is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm, thoracoscopy is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, morbidity is an umlsterm, Laser is an umlsterm, therapeutic is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, Reinforcement is an umlsterm, sutures is an umlsterm, bovine is an umlsterm, pericardium is an umlsterm, air is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, dyspnea is an umlsterm, finding is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, distance is an umlsterm, air is an umlsterm, respiratory muscle is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, drive is an umlsterm, quality of life is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, hospital is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, air is an umlsterm, pneumonia is an umlsterm, pneumothorax is an umlsterm, hospital mortality is an umlsterm, mortality is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm	DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Lung volume reduction ( LVR ) is a new surgical approach designed to relieve shortness of breath and to improve exercise tolerance in patients with severe lung emphysema . Selection of patients for LVR is based on history , clinical investigation , chest X-ray studies , CT scan , lung perfusion scan , lung function testing , and blood gas analysis . Selection criteria are severe emphysema ( FEV1 20-35 % pred . , TLC > 120 % pred . , RV > 250 % pred . ) , dyspnea despite optimized medical therapy , abstinence from smoking , acceptable nutritional status and rehabilitation potential . Patients with a uniform pattern of lung destruction benefit far less than those with a more localised pattern ( > 30 % on chest X-ray or CT scan ) with the remaining lung being quite normal and a reduced perfusion of only the damaged areas . Prior to the final decision for LVR , all patients are enrolled in a supervised rehabilitation programme of 4 weeks duration . Some patients benefit so much that LVR can be postponed . The surgical approach of choice is a median sternotomy for bilateral LVR when the upper lobes are the target areas and a bilateral thoracotomy if the lower lobes are mainly affected . When a bilateral procedure is contraindicated , a unilateral approach may be an option . It is not yet clear whether an approach by thoracoscopy allows adequate surgical removal of all affected areas and whether the morbidity is lower . Laser ablation is a further therapeutic option but is much less effective than the surgical resection . Reinforcement of sutures using bovine pericardium strips reduces the chance of a prolonged air leak but is expensive . The results from our institution in 57 patients 1 month after LVR surgery showed the following : improvement in dyspnea was a consistent finding in 88 % of patients , the 6-min walking distance increased on average by 150 m , the FEV1 by 0.3 l for unilateral LVR and 0.5 l for bilateral LVR . The mean PaO2 in ambient air increased 6 mmHg after unilateral and 8 mmHg after bilateral LVR . There was also a significant improvement in respiratory muscle function and a reduction in respiratory drive . A significant improvement in quality of life was documented in 83 % of the patients . Major hospital complications are prolonged air leak , pneumonia , and myocardial failure . Three cases of a delayed pneumothorax were observed . Early hospital mortality ( 30 days ) was 1.7 % and 90 days mortality 3.4 % . Few follow-up data are available beyond 1 year , and the long-term benefit of LVR surgery therefore remains to be defined . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Lung volume reduction, surgical, shortness of breath, exercise tolerance, patients, lung, emphysema, Selection, patients, history, clinical investigation, chest, X - ray, CT scan, lung, perfusion, lung, function, testing, blood gas analysis, Selection criteria, emphysema, TLC, dyspnea, therapy, smoking, nutritional status, rehabilitation, Patients, lung, chest, X - ray, CT scan, lung, perfusion, patients, rehabilitation, patients, surgical, choice, thoracotomy, procedure, thoracoscopy, surgical, morbidity, Laser, therapeutic, surgical, Reinforcement, sutures, bovine, pericardium, air, patients, surgery, dyspnea, finding, patients, distance, air, respiratory muscle, function, drive, quality of life, patients, hospital, complications, air, pneumonia, pneumothorax, hospital mortality, mortality, surgery Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Lung volume reduction ( LVR ) is a new surgical approach designed to relieve shortness of breath and to improve exercise tolerance in patients with severe lung emphysema . Selection of patients for LVR is based on history , clinical investigation , chest X-ray studies , CT scan , lung perfusion scan , lung function testing , and blood gas analysis . Selection criteria are severe emphysema ( FEV1 20-35 % pred . , TLC > 120 % pred . , RV > 250 % pred . ) , dyspnea despite optimized medical therapy , abstinence from smoking , acceptable nutritional status and rehabilitation potential . Patients with a uniform pattern of lung destruction benefit far less than those with a more localised pattern ( > 30 % on chest X-ray or CT scan ) with the remaining lung being quite normal and a reduced perfusion of only the damaged areas . Prior to the final decision for LVR , all patients are enrolled in a supervised rehabilitation programme of 4 weeks duration . Some patients benefit so much that LVR can be postponed . The surgical approach of choice is a median sternotomy for bilateral LVR when the upper lobes are the target areas and a bilateral thoracotomy if the lower lobes are mainly affected . When a bilateral procedure is contraindicated , a unilateral approach may be an option . It is not yet clear whether an approach by thoracoscopy allows adequate surgical removal of all affected areas and whether the morbidity is lower . Laser ablation is a further therapeutic option but is much less effective than the surgical resection . Reinforcement of sutures using bovine pericardium strips reduces the chance of a prolonged air leak but is expensive . The results from our institution in 57 patients 1 month after LVR surgery showed the following : improvement in dyspnea was a consistent finding in 88 % of patients , the 6-min walking distance increased on average by 150 m , the FEV1 by 0.3 l for unilateral LVR and 0.5 l for bilateral LVR . The mean PaO2 in ambient air increased 6 mmHg after unilateral and 8 mmHg after bilateral LVR . There was also a significant improvement in respiratory muscle function and a reduction in respiratory drive . A significant improvement in quality of life was documented in 83 % of the patients . Major hospital complications are prolonged air leak , pneumonia , and myocardial failure . Three cases of a delayed pneumothorax were observed . Early hospital mortality ( 30 days ) was 1.7 % and 90 days mortality 3.4 % . Few follow-up data are available beyond 1 year , and the long-term benefit of LVR surgery therefore remains to be defined .	[ "Lung", "volume", "reduction", "(", "LVR", ")", "is", "a", "new", "surgical", "approach", "designed", "to", "relieve", "shortness", "of", "breath", "and", "to", "improve", "exercise", "tolerance", "in", "patients", "with", "severe", "lung", "emphysema", ".", "Selection", "of", "patients", "for", "LVR", "is", "based", "on", "history", ",", "clinical", "investigation", ",", "chest", "X", "-", "ray", "studies", ",", "CT", "scan", ",", "lung", "perfusion", "scan", ",", "lung", "function", "testing", ",", "and", "blood", "gas", "analysis", ".", "Selection", "criteria", "are", "severe", "emphysema", "(", "FEV1", "20", "-", "35", "%", "pred", ".", ",", "TLC", ">", "120", "%", "pred", ".", ",", "RV", ">", "250", "%", "pred", ".", ")", ",", "dyspnea", "despite", "optimized", "medical", "therapy", ",", "abstinence", "from", "smoking", ",", "acceptable", "nutritional", "status", "and", "rehabilitation", "potential", ".", "Patients", "with", "a", "uniform", "pattern", "of", "lung", "destruction", "benefit", "far", "less", "than", "those", "with", "a", "more", "localised", "pattern", "(", ">", "30", "%", "on", "chest", "X", "-", "ray", "or", "CT", "scan", ")", "with", "the", "remaining", "lung", "being", "quite", "normal", "and", "a", "reduced", "perfusion", "of", "only", "the", "damaged", "areas", ".", "Prior", "to", "the", "final", "decision", "for", "LVR", ",", "all", "patients", "are", "enrolled", "in", "a", "supervised", "rehabilitation", "programme", "of", "4", "weeks", "duration", ".", "Some", "patients", "benefit", "so", "much", "that", "LVR", "can", "be", "postponed", ".", "The", "surgical", "approach", "of", "choice", "is", "a", "median", "sternotomy", "for", "bilateral", "LVR", "when", "the", "upper", "lobes", "are", "the", "target", "areas", "and", "a", "bilateral", "thoracotomy", "if", "the", "lower", "lobes", "are", "mainly", "affected", ".", "When", "a", "bilateral", "procedure", "is", "contraindicated", ",", "a", "unilateral", "approach", "may", "be", "an", "option", ".", "It", "is", "not", "yet", "clear", "whether", "an", "approach", "by", "thoracoscopy", "allows", "adequate", "surgical", "removal", "of", "all", "affected", "areas", "and", "whether", "the", "morbidity", "is", "lower", ".", "Laser", "ablation", "is", "a", "further", "therapeutic", "option", "but", "is", "much", "less", "effective", "than", "the", "surgical", "resection", ".", "Reinforcement", "of", "sutures", "using", "bovine", "pericardium", "strips", "reduces", "the", "chance", "of", "a", "prolonged", "air", "leak", "but", "is", "expensive", ".", "The", "results", "from", "our", "institution", "in", "57", "patients", "1", "month", "after", "LVR", "surgery", "showed", "the", "following", ":", "improvement", "in", "dyspnea", "was", "a", "consistent", "finding", "in", "88", "%", "of", "patients", ",", "the", "6-min", "walking", "distance", "increased", "on", "average", "by", "150", "m", ",", "the", "FEV1", "by", "0.3", "l", "for", "unilateral", "LVR", "and", "0.5", "l", "for", "bilateral", "LVR", ".", "The", "mean", "PaO2", "in", "ambient", "air", "increased", "6", "mmHg", "after", "unilateral", "and", "8", "mmHg", "after", "bilateral", "LVR", ".", "There", "was", "also", "a", "significant", "improvement", "in", "respiratory", "muscle", "function", "and", "a", "reduction", "in", "respiratory", "drive", ".", "A", "significant", "improvement", "in", "quality", "of", "life", "was", "documented", "in", "83", "%", "of", "the", "patients", ".", "Major", "hospital", "complications", "are", "prolonged", "air", "leak", ",", "pneumonia", ",", "and", "myocardial", "failure", ".", "Three", "cases", "of", "a", "delayed", "pneumothorax", "were", "observed", ".", "Early", "hospital", "mortality", "(", "30", "days", ")", "was", "1.7", "%", "and", "90", "days", "mortality", "3.4", "%", ".", "Few", "follow", "-", "up", "data", "are", "available", "beyond", "1", "year", ",", "and", "the", "long", "-", "term", "benefit", "of", "LVR", "surgery", "therefore", "remains", "to", "be", "defined", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Lung volume reduction, surgical, shortness of breath, exercise tolerance, patients, lung, emphysema, Selection, patients, history, clinical investigation, chest, X - ray, CT scan, lung, perfusion, lung, function, testing, blood gas analysis, Selection criteria, emphysema, TLC, dyspnea, therapy, smoking, nutritional status, rehabilitation, Patients, lung, chest, X - ray, CT scan, lung, perfusion, patients, rehabilitation, patients, surgical, choice, thoracotomy, procedure, thoracoscopy, surgical, morbidity, Laser, therapeutic, surgical, Reinforcement, sutures, bovine, pericardium, air, patients, surgery, dyspnea, finding, patients, distance, air, respiratory muscle, function, drive, quality of life, patients, hospital, complications, air, pneumonia, pneumothorax, hospital mortality, mortality, surgery	DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Lung volume reduction ( LVR ) is a new surgical approach designed to relieve shortness of breath and to improve exercise tolerance in patients with severe lung emphysema . Selection of patients for LVR is based on history , clinical investigation , chest X-ray studies , CT scan , lung perfusion scan , lung function testing , and blood gas analysis . Selection criteria are severe emphysema ( FEV1 20-35 % pred . , TLC > 120 % pred . , RV > 250 % pred . ) , dyspnea despite optimized medical therapy , abstinence from smoking , acceptable nutritional status and rehabilitation potential . Patients with a uniform pattern of lung destruction benefit far less than those with a more localised pattern ( > 30 % on chest X-ray or CT scan ) with the remaining lung being quite normal and a reduced perfusion of only the damaged areas . Prior to the final decision for LVR , all patients are enrolled in a supervised rehabilitation programme of 4 weeks duration . Some patients benefit so much that LVR can be postponed . The surgical approach of choice is a median sternotomy for bilateral LVR when the upper lobes are the target areas and a bilateral thoracotomy if the lower lobes are mainly affected . When a bilateral procedure is contraindicated , a unilateral approach may be an option . It is not yet clear whether an approach by thoracoscopy allows adequate surgical removal of all affected areas and whether the morbidity is lower . Laser ablation is a further therapeutic option but is much less effective than the surgical resection . Reinforcement of sutures using bovine pericardium strips reduces the chance of a prolonged air leak but is expensive . The results from our institution in 57 patients 1 month after LVR surgery showed the following : improvement in dyspnea was a consistent finding in 88 % of patients , the 6-min walking distance increased on average by 150 m , the FEV1 by 0.3 l for unilateral LVR and 0.5 l for bilateral LVR . The mean PaO2 in ambient air increased 6 mmHg after unilateral and 8 mmHg after bilateral LVR . There was also a significant improvement in respiratory muscle function and a reduction in respiratory drive . A significant improvement in quality of life was documented in 83 % of the patients . Major hospital complications are prolonged air leak , pneumonia , and myocardial failure . Three cases of a delayed pneumothorax were observed . Early hospital mortality ( 30 days ) was 1.7 % and 90 days mortality 3.4 % . Few follow-up data are available beyond 1 year , and the long-term benefit of LVR surgery therefore remains to be defined . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Lung volume reduction ( LVR ) is a new surgical approach designed to relieve shortness of breath and to improve exercise tolerance in patients with severe lung emphysema . Selection of patients for LVR is based on history , clinical investigation , chest X-ray studies , CT scan , lung perfusion scan , lung function testing , and blood gas analysis . Selection criteria are severe emphysema ( FEV1 20-35 % pred . , TLC > 120 % pred . , RV > 250 % pred . ) , dyspnea despite optimized medical therapy , abstinence from smoking , acceptable nutritional status and rehabilitation potential . Patients with a uniform pattern of lung destruction benefit far less than those with a more localised pattern ( > 30 % on chest X-ray or CT scan ) with the remaining lung being quite normal and a reduced perfusion of only the damaged areas . Prior to the final decision for LVR , all patients are enrolled in a supervised rehabilitation programme of 4 weeks duration . Some patients benefit so much that LVR can be postponed . The surgical approach of choice is a median sternotomy for bilateral LVR when the upper lobes are the target areas and a bilateral thoracotomy if the lower lobes are mainly affected . When a bilateral procedure is contraindicated , a unilateral approach may be an option . It is not yet clear whether an approach by thoracoscopy allows adequate surgical removal of all affected areas and whether the morbidity is lower . Laser ablation is a further therapeutic option but is much less effective than the surgical resection . Reinforcement of sutures using bovine pericardium strips reduces the chance of a prolonged air leak but is expensive . The results from our institution in 57 patients 1 month after LVR surgery showed the following : improvement in dyspnea was a consistent finding in 88 % of patients , the 6-min walking distance increased on average by 150 m , the FEV1 by 0.3 l for unilateral LVR and 0.5 l for bilateral LVR . The mean PaO2 in ambient air increased 6 mmHg after unilateral and 8 mmHg after bilateral LVR . There was also a significant improvement in respiratory muscle function and a reduction in respiratory drive . A significant improvement in quality of life was documented in 83 % of the patients . Major hospital complications are prolonged air leak , pneumonia , and myocardial failure . Three cases of a delayed pneumothorax were observed . Early hospital mortality ( 30 days ) was 1.7 % and 90 days mortality 3.4 % . Few follow-up data are available beyond 1 year , and the long-term benefit of LVR surgery therefore remains to be defined .	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hepatotoxicity is a ADVERSE, type 2 diabetes mellitus is a DISEASE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, cirrhosis is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, mitochondrial toxicity is a ADVERSE, mitochondrial hepatotoxic events is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, mitochondrial toxicity is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE	example-265_task0	Sentence: Mitochondrial dysfunction and delayed hepatotoxicity: another lesson from troglitazone. AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Troglitazone was approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, but by 2000 it had been removed from all world markets due to severe drug-induced liver injury. Even today, we still do not know how many patients sustained a long-term liver injury. No system is in place to acquire that knowledge. Regarding toxicity mechanisms, controversy persists as to which ones are class effects of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and which are unique to troglitazone. This study aims to provide long-term outcome data and new insights on mechanisms of troglitazone-induced liver injury. METHODS: This case series reports the liver injuries sustained by eleven type 2 diabetic patients treated with troglitazone between 1997 and 2000. Exhaustive review of medical records was performed for all patients. Long-term outcomes were available for all the non-fatal cases. A comprehensive literature review was also performed. RESULTS: Long-term liver injury progressing to cirrhosis was identified in seven patients. All eleven cases had liver injury patterns consistent with troglitazone toxicity. Analysis of these cases and of the experimental troglitazone toxicity data points to mitochondrial toxicity as a central factor. The general clinical patterns of mitochondrial hepatotoxic events are reviewed, as are the implications for other members of the TZD family. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: This analysis enables the liver injury induced by troglitazone to be better understood. In future cases of delayed drug-induced liver injury that progresses after discontinuation, the possibility of mitochondrial toxicity should be considered. When appropriate, this can then be evaluated experimentally. Such proactive investigation may anticipate clinical risk before a large-scale therapeutic misadventure occurs. Drug-induced liver injury due to mitochondrial hepatotoxins may be less unpredictable than has previously been surmised. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: ADVERSE, DISEASE	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Mitochondrial dysfunction and delayed hepatotoxicity: another lesson from troglitazone. AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Troglitazone was approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, but by 2000 it had been removed from all world markets due to severe drug-induced liver injury. Even today, we still do not know how many patients sustained a long-term liver injury. No system is in place to acquire that knowledge. Regarding toxicity mechanisms, controversy persists as to which ones are class effects of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and which are unique to troglitazone. This study aims to provide long-term outcome data and new insights on mechanisms of troglitazone-induced liver injury. METHODS: This case series reports the liver injuries sustained by eleven type 2 diabetic patients treated with troglitazone between 1997 and 2000. Exhaustive review of medical records was performed for all patients. Long-term outcomes were available for all the non-fatal cases. A comprehensive literature review was also performed. RESULTS: Long-term liver injury progressing to cirrhosis was identified in seven patients. All eleven cases had liver injury patterns consistent with troglitazone toxicity. Analysis of these cases and of the experimental troglitazone toxicity data points to mitochondrial toxicity as a central factor. The general clinical patterns of mitochondrial hepatotoxic events are reviewed, as are the implications for other members of the TZD family. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: This analysis enables the liver injury induced by troglitazone to be better understood. In future cases of delayed drug-induced liver injury that progresses after discontinuation, the possibility of mitochondrial toxicity should be considered. When appropriate, this can then be evaluated experimentally. Such proactive investigation may anticipate clinical risk before a large-scale therapeutic misadventure occurs. Drug-induced liver injury due to mitochondrial hepatotoxins may be less unpredictable than has previously been surmised.	[ "Mitochondrial", "dysfunction", "and", "delayed", "hepatotoxicity", ":", "another", "lesson", "from", "troglitazone", ".", " ", "AIMS", "/", "HYPOTHESIS", ":", "Troglitazone", "was", "approved", "for", "treatment", "of", "type", "2", "diabetes", "mellitus", ",", "but", "by", "2000", "it", "had", "been", "removed", "from", "all", "world", "markets", "due", "to", "severe", "drug", "-", "induced", "liver", "injury", ".", "Even", "today", ",", "we", "still", "do", "not", "know", "how", "many", "patients", "sustained", "a", "long", "-", "term", "liver", "injury", ".", "No", "system", "is", "in", "place", "to", "acquire", "that", "knowledge", ".", "Regarding", "toxicity", "mechanisms", ",", "controversy", "persists", "as", "to", "which", "ones", "are", "class", "effects", "of", "thiazolidinediones", "(", "TZDs", ")", "and", "which", "are", "unique", "to", "troglitazone", ".", "This", "study", "aims", "to", "provide", "long", "-", "term", "outcome", "data", "and", "new", "insights", "on", "mechanisms", "of", "troglitazone", "-", "induced", "liver", "injury", ".", "METHODS", ":", "This", "case", "series", "reports", "the", "liver", "injuries", "sustained", "by", "eleven", "type", "2", "diabetic", "patients", "treated", "with", "troglitazone", "between", "1997", "and", "2000", ".", "Exhaustive", "review", "of", "medical", "records", "was", "performed", "for", "all", "patients", ".", "Long", "-", "term", "outcomes", "were", "available", "for", "all", "the", "non", "-", "fatal", "cases", ".", "A", "comprehensive", "literature", "review", "was", "also", "performed", ".", "RESULTS", ":", "Long", "-", "term", "liver", "injury", "progressing", "to", "cirrhosis", "was", "identified", "in", "seven", "patients", ".", "All", "eleven", "cases", "had", "liver", "injury", "patterns", "consistent", "with", "troglitazone", "toxicity", ".", "Analysis", "of", "these", "cases", "and", "of", "the", "experimental", "troglitazone", "toxicity", "data", "points", "to", "mitochondrial", "toxicity", "as", "a", "central", "factor", ".", "The", "general", "clinical", "patterns", "of", "mitochondrial", "hepatotoxic", "events", "are", "reviewed", ",", "as", "are", "the", "implications", "for", "other", "members", "of", "the", "TZD", "family", ".", "CONCLUSIONS", "/", "INTERPRETATION", ":", "This", "analysis", "enables", "the", "liver", "injury", "induced", "by", "troglitazone", "to", "be", "better", "understood", ".", "In", "future", "cases", "of", "delayed", "drug", "-", "induced", "liver", "injury", "that", "progresses", "after", "discontinuation", ",", "the", "possibility", "of", "mitochondrial", "toxicity", "should", "be", "considered", ".", "When", "appropriate", ",", "this", "can", "then", "be", "evaluated", "experimentally", ".", "Such", "proactive", "investigation", "may", "anticipate", "clinical", "risk", "before", "a", "large", "-", "scale", "therapeutic", "misadventure", "occurs", ".", "Drug", "-", "induced", "liver", "injury", "due", "to", "mitochondrial", "hepatotoxins", "may", "be", "less", "unpredictable", "than", "has", "previously", "been", "surmised", "." ]	[ "ADVERSE", "DISEASE" ]
hepatotoxicity is a ADVERSE, type 2 diabetes mellitus is a DISEASE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, cirrhosis is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, mitochondrial toxicity is a ADVERSE, mitochondrial hepatotoxic events is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, mitochondrial toxicity is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE	example-265_task1	Sentence: Mitochondrial dysfunction and delayed hepatotoxicity: another lesson from troglitazone. AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Troglitazone was approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, but by 2000 it had been removed from all world markets due to severe drug-induced liver injury. Even today, we still do not know how many patients sustained a long-term liver injury. No system is in place to acquire that knowledge. Regarding toxicity mechanisms, controversy persists as to which ones are class effects of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and which are unique to troglitazone. This study aims to provide long-term outcome data and new insights on mechanisms of troglitazone-induced liver injury. METHODS: This case series reports the liver injuries sustained by eleven type 2 diabetic patients treated with troglitazone between 1997 and 2000. Exhaustive review of medical records was performed for all patients. Long-term outcomes were available for all the non-fatal cases. A comprehensive literature review was also performed. RESULTS: Long-term liver injury progressing to cirrhosis was identified in seven patients. All eleven cases had liver injury patterns consistent with troglitazone toxicity. Analysis of these cases and of the experimental troglitazone toxicity data points to mitochondrial toxicity as a central factor. The general clinical patterns of mitochondrial hepatotoxic events are reviewed, as are the implications for other members of the TZD family. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: This analysis enables the liver injury induced by troglitazone to be better understood. In future cases of delayed drug-induced liver injury that progresses after discontinuation, the possibility of mitochondrial toxicity should be considered. When appropriate, this can then be evaluated experimentally. Such proactive investigation may anticipate clinical risk before a large-scale therapeutic misadventure occurs. Drug-induced liver injury due to mitochondrial hepatotoxins may be less unpredictable than has previously been surmised. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: hepatotoxicity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, liver injury, liver injury, liver injury, liver injury, cirrhosis, liver injury, mitochondrial toxicity, mitochondrial hepatotoxic events, liver injury, liver injury, mitochondrial toxicity, liver injury Options: ADVERSE, DISEASE	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Mitochondrial dysfunction and delayed hepatotoxicity: another lesson from troglitazone. AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Troglitazone was approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, but by 2000 it had been removed from all world markets due to severe drug-induced liver injury. Even today, we still do not know how many patients sustained a long-term liver injury. No system is in place to acquire that knowledge. Regarding toxicity mechanisms, controversy persists as to which ones are class effects of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and which are unique to troglitazone. This study aims to provide long-term outcome data and new insights on mechanisms of troglitazone-induced liver injury. METHODS: This case series reports the liver injuries sustained by eleven type 2 diabetic patients treated with troglitazone between 1997 and 2000. Exhaustive review of medical records was performed for all patients. Long-term outcomes were available for all the non-fatal cases. A comprehensive literature review was also performed. RESULTS: Long-term liver injury progressing to cirrhosis was identified in seven patients. All eleven cases had liver injury patterns consistent with troglitazone toxicity. Analysis of these cases and of the experimental troglitazone toxicity data points to mitochondrial toxicity as a central factor. The general clinical patterns of mitochondrial hepatotoxic events are reviewed, as are the implications for other members of the TZD family. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: This analysis enables the liver injury induced by troglitazone to be better understood. In future cases of delayed drug-induced liver injury that progresses after discontinuation, the possibility of mitochondrial toxicity should be considered. When appropriate, this can then be evaluated experimentally. Such proactive investigation may anticipate clinical risk before a large-scale therapeutic misadventure occurs. Drug-induced liver injury due to mitochondrial hepatotoxins may be less unpredictable than has previously been surmised.	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hepatotoxicity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, liver injury, liver injury, liver injury, liver injury, cirrhosis, liver injury, mitochondrial toxicity, mitochondrial hepatotoxic events, liver injury, liver injury, mitochondrial toxicity, liver injury	example-265_task2	Sentence: Mitochondrial dysfunction and delayed hepatotoxicity: another lesson from troglitazone. AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Troglitazone was approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, but by 2000 it had been removed from all world markets due to severe drug-induced liver injury. Even today, we still do not know how many patients sustained a long-term liver injury. No system is in place to acquire that knowledge. Regarding toxicity mechanisms, controversy persists as to which ones are class effects of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and which are unique to troglitazone. This study aims to provide long-term outcome data and new insights on mechanisms of troglitazone-induced liver injury. METHODS: This case series reports the liver injuries sustained by eleven type 2 diabetic patients treated with troglitazone between 1997 and 2000. Exhaustive review of medical records was performed for all patients. Long-term outcomes were available for all the non-fatal cases. A comprehensive literature review was also performed. RESULTS: Long-term liver injury progressing to cirrhosis was identified in seven patients. All eleven cases had liver injury patterns consistent with troglitazone toxicity. Analysis of these cases and of the experimental troglitazone toxicity data points to mitochondrial toxicity as a central factor. The general clinical patterns of mitochondrial hepatotoxic events are reviewed, as are the implications for other members of the TZD family. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: This analysis enables the liver injury induced by troglitazone to be better understood. In future cases of delayed drug-induced liver injury that progresses after discontinuation, the possibility of mitochondrial toxicity should be considered. When appropriate, this can then be evaluated experimentally. Such proactive investigation may anticipate clinical risk before a large-scale therapeutic misadventure occurs. Drug-induced liver injury due to mitochondrial hepatotoxins may be less unpredictable than has previously been surmised. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "I-DISEASE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-ADVERSE", "I-ADVERSE", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Mitochondrial dysfunction and delayed hepatotoxicity: another lesson from troglitazone. AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Troglitazone was approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, but by 2000 it had been removed from all world markets due to severe drug-induced liver injury. Even today, we still do not know how many patients sustained a long-term liver injury. No system is in place to acquire that knowledge. Regarding toxicity mechanisms, controversy persists as to which ones are class effects of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and which are unique to troglitazone. This study aims to provide long-term outcome data and new insights on mechanisms of troglitazone-induced liver injury. METHODS: This case series reports the liver injuries sustained by eleven type 2 diabetic patients treated with troglitazone between 1997 and 2000. Exhaustive review of medical records was performed for all patients. Long-term outcomes were available for all the non-fatal cases. A comprehensive literature review was also performed. RESULTS: Long-term liver injury progressing to cirrhosis was identified in seven patients. All eleven cases had liver injury patterns consistent with troglitazone toxicity. Analysis of these cases and of the experimental troglitazone toxicity data points to mitochondrial toxicity as a central factor. The general clinical patterns of mitochondrial hepatotoxic events are reviewed, as are the implications for other members of the TZD family. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: This analysis enables the liver injury induced by troglitazone to be better understood. In future cases of delayed drug-induced liver injury that progresses after discontinuation, the possibility of mitochondrial toxicity should be considered. When appropriate, this can then be evaluated experimentally. Such proactive investigation may anticipate clinical risk before a large-scale therapeutic misadventure occurs. Drug-induced liver injury due to mitochondrial hepatotoxins may be less unpredictable than has previously been surmised.	[ "Mitochondrial", "dysfunction", "and", "delayed", "hepatotoxicity", ":", "another", "lesson", "from", "troglitazone", ".", " ", "AIMS", "/", "HYPOTHESIS", ":", "Troglitazone", "was", "approved", "for", "treatment", "of", "type", "2", "diabetes", "mellitus", ",", "but", "by", "2000", "it", "had", "been", "removed", "from", "all", "world", "markets", "due", "to", "severe", "drug", "-", "induced", "liver", "injury", ".", "Even", "today", ",", "we", "still", "do", "not", "know", "how", "many", "patients", "sustained", "a", "long", "-", "term", "liver", "injury", ".", "No", "system", "is", "in", "place", "to", "acquire", "that", "knowledge", ".", "Regarding", "toxicity", "mechanisms", ",", "controversy", "persists", "as", "to", "which", "ones", "are", "class", "effects", "of", "thiazolidinediones", "(", "TZDs", ")", "and", "which", "are", "unique", "to", "troglitazone", ".", "This", "study", "aims", "to", "provide", "long", "-", "term", "outcome", "data", "and", "new", "insights", "on", "mechanisms", "of", "troglitazone", "-", "induced", "liver", "injury", ".", "METHODS", ":", "This", "case", "series", "reports", "the", "liver", "injuries", "sustained", "by", "eleven", "type", "2", "diabetic", "patients", "treated", "with", "troglitazone", "between", "1997", "and", "2000", ".", "Exhaustive", "review", "of", "medical", "records", "was", "performed", "for", "all", "patients", ".", "Long", "-", "term", "outcomes", "were", "available", "for", "all", "the", "non", "-", "fatal", "cases", ".", "A", "comprehensive", "literature", "review", "was", "also", "performed", ".", "RESULTS", ":", "Long", "-", "term", "liver", "injury", "progressing", "to", "cirrhosis", "was", "identified", "in", "seven", "patients", ".", "All", "eleven", "cases", "had", "liver", "injury", "patterns", "consistent", "with", "troglitazone", "toxicity", ".", "Analysis", "of", "these", "cases", "and", "of", "the", "experimental", "troglitazone", "toxicity", "data", "points", "to", "mitochondrial", "toxicity", "as", "a", "central", "factor", ".", "The", "general", "clinical", "patterns", "of", "mitochondrial", "hepatotoxic", "events", "are", "reviewed", ",", "as", "are", "the", "implications", "for", "other", "members", "of", "the", "TZD", "family", ".", "CONCLUSIONS", "/", "INTERPRETATION", ":", "This", "analysis", "enables", "the", "liver", "injury", "induced", "by", "troglitazone", "to", "be", "better", "understood", ".", "In", "future", "cases", "of", "delayed", "drug", "-", "induced", "liver", "injury", "that", "progresses", "after", "discontinuation", ",", "the", "possibility", "of", "mitochondrial", "toxicity", "should", "be", "considered", ".", "When", "appropriate", ",", "this", "can", "then", "be", "evaluated", "experimentally", ".", "Such", "proactive", "investigation", "may", "anticipate", "clinical", "risk", "before", "a", "large", "-", "scale", "therapeutic", "misadventure", "occurs", ".", "Drug", "-", "induced", "liver", "injury", "due", "to", "mitochondrial", "hepatotoxins", "may", "be", "less", "unpredictable", "than", "has", "previously", "been", "surmised", "." ]	[ "ADVERSE", "DISEASE" ]
c - Fos is a Protein, c - Fos is a Protein, c - Fos is a Protein	739_task0	Sentence: Role of the X2 box in activated transcription from the DRA promoter in B cells. We investigated the function of the evolutionary conserved X2 box in the promoter of the HLA-DRA gene from the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in resting and activated B cells. NF-X2, which contains members of the AP-1/ATF/CREB families of transcription factors, interacts with the X2 box (5'-TGCGTCA-3') from positions -97 to -91 in the DRA promoter. In resting Raji cells, little to no binding to the X2 box was observed. In sharp contrast, in B cells treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), strong interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2 containing c-Fos were observed. As determined by transient expression and RNA analyses, the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) also increased rates of transcription from the wild-type DRA promoter but not from a DRA promoter bearing clustered point mutations in the X2 box. Since the co-expression with a dominant negative c-Fos abolished the responsiveness to TPA, we conclude that activated transcription of the DRA gene depends on interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2, which contains c-Fos. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O" ]	Role of the X2 box in activated transcription from the DRA promoter in B cells. We investigated the function of the evolutionary conserved X2 box in the promoter of the HLA-DRA gene from the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in resting and activated B cells. NF-X2, which contains members of the AP-1/ATF/CREB families of transcription factors, interacts with the X2 box (5'-TGCGTCA-3') from positions -97 to -91 in the DRA promoter. In resting Raji cells, little to no binding to the X2 box was observed. In sharp contrast, in B cells treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), strong interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2 containing c-Fos were observed. As determined by transient expression and RNA analyses, the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) also increased rates of transcription from the wild-type DRA promoter but not from a DRA promoter bearing clustered point mutations in the X2 box. Since the co-expression with a dominant negative c-Fos abolished the responsiveness to TPA, we conclude that activated transcription of the DRA gene depends on interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2, which contains c-Fos.	[ "Role", "of", "the", "X2", "box", "in", "activated", "transcription", "from", "the", "DRA", "promoter", "in", "B", "cells", ".", "\n", "We", "investigated", "the", "function", "of", "the", "evolutionary", "conserved", "X2", "box", "in", "the", "promoter", "of", "the", "HLA", "-", "DRA", "gene", "from", "the", "human", "major", "histocompatibility", "complex", "(", "MHC", ")", "in", "resting", "and", "activated", "B", "cells", ".", "NF", "-", "X2", ",", "which", "contains", "members", "of", "the", "AP-1", "/", "ATF", "/", "CREB", "families", "of", "transcription", "factors", ",", "interacts", "with", "the", "X2", "box", "(", "5'-TGCGTCA-3", "'", ")", "from", "positions", "-97", "to", "-91", "in", "the", "DRA", "promoter", ".", "In", "resting", "Raji", "cells", ",", "little", "to", "no", "binding", "to", "the", "X2", "box", "was", "observed", ".", "In", "sharp", "contrast", ",", "in", "B", "cells", "treated", "with", "the", "phorbol", "ester", "12-O", "-", "tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate", "(", "TPA", ")", ",", "strong", "interactions", "between", "the", "X2", "box", "and", "NF", "-", "X2", "containing", "c", "-", "Fos", "were", "observed", ".", "As", "determined", "by", "transient", "expression", "and", "RNA", "analyses", ",", "the", "activation", "of", "protein", "kinase", "C", "(", "PKC", ")", "also", "increased", "rates", "of", "transcription", "from", "the", "wild", "-", "type", "DRA", "promoter", "but", "not", "from", "a", "DRA", "promoter", "bearing", "clustered", "point", "mutations", "in", "the", "X2", "box", ".", "Since", "the", "co", "-", "expression", "with", "a", "dominant", "negative", "c", "-", "Fos", "abolished", "the", "responsiveness", "to", "TPA", ",", "we", "conclude", "that", "activated", "transcription", "of", "the", "DRA", "gene", "depends", "on", "interactions", "between", "the", "X2", "box", "and", "NF", "-", "X2", ",", "which", "contains", "c", "-", "Fos", "." ]	[ "Protein" ]
c - Fos is a Protein, c - Fos is a Protein, c - Fos is a Protein	739_task1	Sentence: Role of the X2 box in activated transcription from the DRA promoter in B cells. We investigated the function of the evolutionary conserved X2 box in the promoter of the HLA-DRA gene from the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in resting and activated B cells. NF-X2, which contains members of the AP-1/ATF/CREB families of transcription factors, interacts with the X2 box (5'-TGCGTCA-3') from positions -97 to -91 in the DRA promoter. In resting Raji cells, little to no binding to the X2 box was observed. In sharp contrast, in B cells treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), strong interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2 containing c-Fos were observed. As determined by transient expression and RNA analyses, the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) also increased rates of transcription from the wild-type DRA promoter but not from a DRA promoter bearing clustered point mutations in the X2 box. Since the co-expression with a dominant negative c-Fos abolished the responsiveness to TPA, we conclude that activated transcription of the DRA gene depends on interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2, which contains c-Fos. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: c - Fos, c - Fos, c - Fos Options: Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O" ]	Role of the X2 box in activated transcription from the DRA promoter in B cells. We investigated the function of the evolutionary conserved X2 box in the promoter of the HLA-DRA gene from the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in resting and activated B cells. NF-X2, which contains members of the AP-1/ATF/CREB families of transcription factors, interacts with the X2 box (5'-TGCGTCA-3') from positions -97 to -91 in the DRA promoter. In resting Raji cells, little to no binding to the X2 box was observed. In sharp contrast, in B cells treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), strong interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2 containing c-Fos were observed. As determined by transient expression and RNA analyses, the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) also increased rates of transcription from the wild-type DRA promoter but not from a DRA promoter bearing clustered point mutations in the X2 box. Since the co-expression with a dominant negative c-Fos abolished the responsiveness to TPA, we conclude that activated transcription of the DRA gene depends on interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2, which contains c-Fos.	[ "Role", "of", "the", "X2", "box", "in", "activated", "transcription", "from", "the", "DRA", "promoter", "in", "B", "cells", ".", "\n", "We", "investigated", "the", "function", "of", "the", "evolutionary", "conserved", "X2", "box", "in", "the", "promoter", "of", "the", "HLA", "-", "DRA", "gene", "from", "the", "human", "major", "histocompatibility", "complex", "(", "MHC", ")", "in", "resting", "and", "activated", "B", "cells", ".", "NF", "-", "X2", ",", "which", "contains", "members", "of", "the", "AP-1", "/", "ATF", "/", "CREB", "families", "of", "transcription", "factors", ",", "interacts", "with", "the", "X2", "box", "(", "5'-TGCGTCA-3", "'", ")", "from", "positions", "-97", "to", "-91", "in", "the", "DRA", "promoter", ".", "In", "resting", "Raji", "cells", ",", "little", "to", "no", "binding", "to", "the", "X2", "box", "was", "observed", ".", "In", "sharp", "contrast", ",", "in", "B", "cells", "treated", "with", "the", "phorbol", "ester", "12-O", "-", "tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate", "(", "TPA", ")", ",", "strong", "interactions", "between", "the", "X2", "box", "and", "NF", "-", "X2", "containing", "c", "-", "Fos", "were", "observed", ".", "As", "determined", "by", "transient", "expression", "and", "RNA", "analyses", ",", "the", "activation", "of", "protein", "kinase", "C", "(", "PKC", ")", "also", "increased", "rates", "of", "transcription", "from", "the", "wild", "-", "type", "DRA", "promoter", "but", "not", "from", "a", "DRA", "promoter", "bearing", "clustered", "point", "mutations", "in", "the", "X2", "box", ".", "Since", "the", "co", "-", "expression", "with", "a", "dominant", "negative", "c", "-", "Fos", "abolished", "the", "responsiveness", "to", "TPA", ",", "we", "conclude", "that", "activated", "transcription", "of", "the", "DRA", "gene", "depends", "on", "interactions", "between", "the", "X2", "box", "and", "NF", "-", "X2", ",", "which", "contains", "c", "-", "Fos", "." ]	[ "Protein" ]
c - Fos, c - Fos, c - Fos	739_task2	Sentence: Role of the X2 box in activated transcription from the DRA promoter in B cells. We investigated the function of the evolutionary conserved X2 box in the promoter of the HLA-DRA gene from the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in resting and activated B cells. NF-X2, which contains members of the AP-1/ATF/CREB families of transcription factors, interacts with the X2 box (5'-TGCGTCA-3') from positions -97 to -91 in the DRA promoter. In resting Raji cells, little to no binding to the X2 box was observed. In sharp contrast, in B cells treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), strong interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2 containing c-Fos were observed. As determined by transient expression and RNA analyses, the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) also increased rates of transcription from the wild-type DRA promoter but not from a DRA promoter bearing clustered point mutations in the X2 box. Since the co-expression with a dominant negative c-Fos abolished the responsiveness to TPA, we conclude that activated transcription of the DRA gene depends on interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2, which contains c-Fos. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O" ]	Role of the X2 box in activated transcription from the DRA promoter in B cells. We investigated the function of the evolutionary conserved X2 box in the promoter of the HLA-DRA gene from the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in resting and activated B cells. NF-X2, which contains members of the AP-1/ATF/CREB families of transcription factors, interacts with the X2 box (5'-TGCGTCA-3') from positions -97 to -91 in the DRA promoter. In resting Raji cells, little to no binding to the X2 box was observed. In sharp contrast, in B cells treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), strong interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2 containing c-Fos were observed. As determined by transient expression and RNA analyses, the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) also increased rates of transcription from the wild-type DRA promoter but not from a DRA promoter bearing clustered point mutations in the X2 box. Since the co-expression with a dominant negative c-Fos abolished the responsiveness to TPA, we conclude that activated transcription of the DRA gene depends on interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2, which contains c-Fos.	[ "Role", "of", "the", "X2", "box", "in", "activated", "transcription", "from", "the", "DRA", "promoter", "in", "B", "cells", ".", "\n", "We", "investigated", "the", "function", "of", "the", "evolutionary", "conserved", "X2", "box", "in", "the", "promoter", "of", "the", "HLA", "-", "DRA", "gene", "from", "the", "human", "major", "histocompatibility", "complex", "(", "MHC", ")", "in", "resting", "and", "activated", "B", "cells", ".", "NF", "-", "X2", ",", "which", "contains", "members", "of", "the", "AP-1", "/", "ATF", "/", "CREB", "families", "of", "transcription", "factors", ",", "interacts", "with", "the", "X2", "box", "(", "5'-TGCGTCA-3", "'", ")", "from", "positions", "-97", "to", "-91", "in", "the", "DRA", "promoter", ".", "In", "resting", "Raji", "cells", ",", "little", "to", "no", "binding", "to", "the", "X2", "box", "was", "observed", ".", "In", "sharp", "contrast", ",", "in", "B", "cells", "treated", "with", "the", "phorbol", "ester", "12-O", "-", "tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate", "(", "TPA", ")", ",", "strong", "interactions", "between", "the", "X2", "box", "and", "NF", "-", "X2", "containing", "c", "-", "Fos", "were", "observed", ".", "As", "determined", "by", "transient", "expression", "and", "RNA", "analyses", ",", "the", "activation", "of", "protein", "kinase", "C", "(", "PKC", ")", "also", "increased", "rates", "of", "transcription", "from", "the", "wild", "-", "type", "DRA", "promoter", "but", "not", "from", "a", "DRA", "promoter", "bearing", "clustered", "point", "mutations", "in", "the", "X2", "box", ".", "Since", "the", "co", "-", "expression", "with", "a", "dominant", "negative", "c", "-", "Fos", "abolished", "the", "responsiveness", "to", "TPA", ",", "we", "conclude", "that", "activated", "transcription", "of", "the", "DRA", "gene", "depends", "on", "interactions", "between", "the", "X2", "box", "and", "NF", "-", "X2", ",", "which", "contains", "c", "-", "Fos", "." ]	[ "Protein" ]
p16INK4a is a Gene_or_gene_product, RB is a Gene_or_gene_product, p16INK4a is a Gene_or_gene_product, CDK4 is a Gene_or_gene_product, CDK6 is a Gene_or_gene_product, D - type cyclin - dependent kinases is a Gene_or_gene_product, RB is a Gene_or_gene_product, p16INK4a is a Gene_or_gene_product, p16INK4a is a Gene_or_gene_product	130_task0	Sentence: The p16INK4a-RB pathway: molecular link between cellular senescence and tumor suppression. The p16INK4a tumor suppressor protein functions as an inhibitor of CDK4 and CDK6, the D-type cyclin-dependent kinases that initiate the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein, RB. Thus, p16INK4a has the capacity to arrest cells in the G1-phase of the cell cycle and its probable physiological role is in the implementation of irreversible growth arrest termed cellular senescence. Cellular senescence is a state of permanent growth arrest that can be induced by a variety of stresses such as DNA-damage and aberrant mitogenic signaling in human primary cells. In contrast to normal cells, the function of the p16INK4a gene or its downstream mediators is frequently deregulated in many types of human cancers, illustrating the importance of cellular senescence in tumor suppression. Here we discuss the molecular mechanisms that direct cellular senescence and reveal its potential for tumor suppression. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Gene_or_gene_product	[ "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The p16INK4a-RB pathway: molecular link between cellular senescence and tumor suppression. The p16INK4a tumor suppressor protein functions as an inhibitor of CDK4 and CDK6, the D-type cyclin-dependent kinases that initiate the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein, RB. Thus, p16INK4a has the capacity to arrest cells in the G1-phase of the cell cycle and its probable physiological role is in the implementation of irreversible growth arrest termed cellular senescence. Cellular senescence is a state of permanent growth arrest that can be induced by a variety of stresses such as DNA-damage and aberrant mitogenic signaling in human primary cells. In contrast to normal cells, the function of the p16INK4a gene or its downstream mediators is frequently deregulated in many types of human cancers, illustrating the importance of cellular senescence in tumor suppression. Here we discuss the molecular mechanisms that direct cellular senescence and reveal its potential for tumor suppression.	[ "The", "p16INK4a", "-", "RB", "pathway", ":", "molecular", "link", "between", "cellular", "senescence", "and", "tumor", "suppression", ".", "\n", "The", "p16INK4a", "tumor", "suppressor", "protein", "functions", "as", "an", "inhibitor", "of", "CDK4", "and", "CDK6", ",", "the", "D", "-", "type", "cyclin", "-", "dependent", "kinases", "that", "initiate", "the", "phosphorylation", "of", "the", "retinoblastoma", "tumor", "suppressor", "protein", ",", "RB", ".", "Thus", ",", "p16INK4a", "has", "the", "capacity", "to", "arrest", "cells", "in", "the", "G1-phase", "of", "the", "cell", "cycle", "and", "its", "probable", "physiological", "role", "is", "in", "the", "implementation", "of", "irreversible", "growth", "arrest", "termed", "cellular", "senescence", ".", "Cellular", "senescence", "is", "a", "state", "of", "permanent", "growth", "arrest", "that", "can", "be", "induced", "by", "a", "variety", "of", "stresses", "such", "as", "DNA", "-", "damage", "and", "aberrant", "mitogenic", "signaling", "in", "human", "primary", "cells", ".", "In", "contrast", "to", "normal", "cells", ",", "the", "function", "of", "the", "p16INK4a", "gene", "or", "its", "downstream", "mediators", "is", "frequently", "deregulated", "in", "many", "types", "of", "human", "cancers", ",", "illustrating", "the", "importance", "of", "cellular", "senescence", "in", "tumor", "suppression", ".", "Here", "we", "discuss", "the", "molecular", "mechanisms", "that", "direct", "cellular", "senescence", "and", "reveal", "its", "potential", "for", "tumor", "suppression", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Gene_or_gene_product" ]
p16INK4a is a Gene_or_gene_product, RB is a Gene_or_gene_product, p16INK4a is a Gene_or_gene_product, CDK4 is a Gene_or_gene_product, CDK6 is a Gene_or_gene_product, D - type cyclin - dependent kinases is a Gene_or_gene_product, RB is a Gene_or_gene_product, p16INK4a is a Gene_or_gene_product, p16INK4a is a Gene_or_gene_product	130_task1	Sentence: The p16INK4a-RB pathway: molecular link between cellular senescence and tumor suppression. The p16INK4a tumor suppressor protein functions as an inhibitor of CDK4 and CDK6, the D-type cyclin-dependent kinases that initiate the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein, RB. Thus, p16INK4a has the capacity to arrest cells in the G1-phase of the cell cycle and its probable physiological role is in the implementation of irreversible growth arrest termed cellular senescence. Cellular senescence is a state of permanent growth arrest that can be induced by a variety of stresses such as DNA-damage and aberrant mitogenic signaling in human primary cells. In contrast to normal cells, the function of the p16INK4a gene or its downstream mediators is frequently deregulated in many types of human cancers, illustrating the importance of cellular senescence in tumor suppression. Here we discuss the molecular mechanisms that direct cellular senescence and reveal its potential for tumor suppression. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: p16INK4a, RB, p16INK4a, CDK4, CDK6, D - type cyclin - dependent kinases, RB, p16INK4a, p16INK4a Options: Gene_or_gene_product	[ "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The p16INK4a-RB pathway: molecular link between cellular senescence and tumor suppression. The p16INK4a tumor suppressor protein functions as an inhibitor of CDK4 and CDK6, the D-type cyclin-dependent kinases that initiate the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein, RB. Thus, p16INK4a has the capacity to arrest cells in the G1-phase of the cell cycle and its probable physiological role is in the implementation of irreversible growth arrest termed cellular senescence. Cellular senescence is a state of permanent growth arrest that can be induced by a variety of stresses such as DNA-damage and aberrant mitogenic signaling in human primary cells. In contrast to normal cells, the function of the p16INK4a gene or its downstream mediators is frequently deregulated in many types of human cancers, illustrating the importance of cellular senescence in tumor suppression. Here we discuss the molecular mechanisms that direct cellular senescence and reveal its potential for tumor suppression.	[ "The", "p16INK4a", "-", "RB", "pathway", ":", "molecular", "link", "between", "cellular", "senescence", "and", "tumor", "suppression", ".", "\n", "The", "p16INK4a", "tumor", "suppressor", "protein", "functions", "as", "an", "inhibitor", "of", "CDK4", "and", "CDK6", ",", "the", "D", "-", "type", "cyclin", "-", "dependent", "kinases", "that", "initiate", "the", "phosphorylation", "of", "the", "retinoblastoma", "tumor", "suppressor", "protein", ",", "RB", ".", "Thus", ",", "p16INK4a", "has", "the", "capacity", "to", "arrest", "cells", "in", "the", "G1-phase", "of", "the", "cell", "cycle", "and", "its", "probable", "physiological", "role", "is", "in", "the", "implementation", "of", "irreversible", "growth", "arrest", "termed", "cellular", "senescence", ".", "Cellular", "senescence", "is", "a", "state", "of", "permanent", "growth", "arrest", "that", "can", "be", "induced", "by", "a", "variety", "of", "stresses", "such", "as", "DNA", "-", "damage", "and", "aberrant", "mitogenic", "signaling", "in", "human", "primary", "cells", ".", "In", "contrast", "to", "normal", "cells", ",", "the", "function", "of", "the", "p16INK4a", "gene", "or", "its", "downstream", "mediators", "is", "frequently", "deregulated", "in", "many", "types", "of", "human", "cancers", ",", "illustrating", "the", "importance", "of", "cellular", "senescence", "in", "tumor", "suppression", ".", "Here", "we", "discuss", "the", "molecular", "mechanisms", "that", "direct", "cellular", "senescence", "and", "reveal", "its", "potential", "for", "tumor", "suppression", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Gene_or_gene_product" ]
p16INK4a, RB, p16INK4a, CDK4, CDK6, D - type cyclin - dependent kinases, RB, p16INK4a, p16INK4a	130_task2	Sentence: The p16INK4a-RB pathway: molecular link between cellular senescence and tumor suppression. The p16INK4a tumor suppressor protein functions as an inhibitor of CDK4 and CDK6, the D-type cyclin-dependent kinases that initiate the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein, RB. Thus, p16INK4a has the capacity to arrest cells in the G1-phase of the cell cycle and its probable physiological role is in the implementation of irreversible growth arrest termed cellular senescence. Cellular senescence is a state of permanent growth arrest that can be induced by a variety of stresses such as DNA-damage and aberrant mitogenic signaling in human primary cells. In contrast to normal cells, the function of the p16INK4a gene or its downstream mediators is frequently deregulated in many types of human cancers, illustrating the importance of cellular senescence in tumor suppression. Here we discuss the molecular mechanisms that direct cellular senescence and reveal its potential for tumor suppression. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The p16INK4a-RB pathway: molecular link between cellular senescence and tumor suppression. The p16INK4a tumor suppressor protein functions as an inhibitor of CDK4 and CDK6, the D-type cyclin-dependent kinases that initiate the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein, RB. Thus, p16INK4a has the capacity to arrest cells in the G1-phase of the cell cycle and its probable physiological role is in the implementation of irreversible growth arrest termed cellular senescence. Cellular senescence is a state of permanent growth arrest that can be induced by a variety of stresses such as DNA-damage and aberrant mitogenic signaling in human primary cells. In contrast to normal cells, the function of the p16INK4a gene or its downstream mediators is frequently deregulated in many types of human cancers, illustrating the importance of cellular senescence in tumor suppression. Here we discuss the molecular mechanisms that direct cellular senescence and reveal its potential for tumor suppression.	[ "The", "p16INK4a", "-", "RB", "pathway", ":", "molecular", "link", "between", "cellular", "senescence", "and", "tumor", "suppression", ".", "\n", "The", "p16INK4a", "tumor", "suppressor", "protein", "functions", "as", "an", "inhibitor", "of", "CDK4", "and", "CDK6", ",", "the", "D", "-", "type", "cyclin", "-", "dependent", "kinases", "that", "initiate", "the", "phosphorylation", "of", "the", "retinoblastoma", "tumor", "suppressor", "protein", ",", "RB", ".", "Thus", ",", "p16INK4a", "has", "the", "capacity", "to", "arrest", "cells", "in", "the", "G1-phase", "of", "the", "cell", "cycle", "and", "its", "probable", "physiological", "role", "is", "in", "the", "implementation", "of", "irreversible", "growth", "arrest", "termed", "cellular", "senescence", ".", "Cellular", "senescence", "is", "a", "state", "of", "permanent", "growth", "arrest", "that", "can", "be", "induced", "by", "a", "variety", "of", "stresses", "such", "as", "DNA", "-", "damage", "and", "aberrant", "mitogenic", "signaling", "in", "human", "primary", "cells", ".", "In", "contrast", "to", "normal", "cells", ",", "the", "function", "of", "the", "p16INK4a", "gene", "or", "its", "downstream", "mediators", "is", "frequently", "deregulated", "in", "many", "types", "of", "human", "cancers", ",", "illustrating", "the", "importance", "of", "cellular", "senescence", "in", "tumor", "suppression", ".", "Here", "we", "discuss", "the", "molecular", "mechanisms", "that", "direct", "cellular", "senescence", "and", "reveal", "its", "potential", "for", "tumor", "suppression", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Gene_or_gene_product" ]
Bronchiolitis obliterans is an umlsterm, pneumonia is an umlsterm, BOOP is an umlsterm, syndrome is an umlsterm, etiology is an umlsterm, connective tissue is an umlsterm, bronchioles is an umlsterm, cell is an umlsterm, bronchioles is an umlsterm, foam cells is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, BOOP is an umlsterm, respiratory failure is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, Chest is an umlsterm, radiography is an umlsterm, computed tomography is an umlsterm, bronchoalveolar lavage is an umlsterm, BAL is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, lung is an umlsterm, biopsy is an umlsterm, diagnostic is an umlsterm, techniques is an umlsterm, BOOP is an umlsterm, abnormality is an umlsterm, glass is an umlsterm, roentgenographic is an umlsterm, lymphocytosis is an umlsterm, BAL is an umlsterm, usual interstitial pneumonitis is an umlsterm, BOOP is an umlsterm, biopsy is an umlsterm, risk factors is an umlsterm, fatal outcome is an umlsterm	DerRadiologe.60360560.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia ( BOOP ) is a clinicopathological syndrome of unknown etiology . Histopathologically , it is characterized by plugs of fibroplastic connective tissue within respiratory bronchioles , mononuclear cell infiltrates in parenchyma adjacent to the affected bronchioles and foam cells within alveolar airspaces . The disease usually presents as a subacute illness with complete resolution . A subset of BOOP , however , is associated with a fulminant course and a high lethality due to respiratory failure . Early diagnosis and therapy are mandatory . Chest radiography , computed tomography ( CT ) , bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) and open lung biopsy are the primary diagnostic techniques . Radiographically , BOOP is characterized by patchy areas of consolidation that are usually bilateral , peripheral and often migratory . In some cases small , round opacities may be observed as the only abnormality . CT can show the pattern of ground glass opacities , areas of airspace consolidation and small , round opacities , while considerable fibrotic change is usually not seen . A reticular roentgenographic pattern , fibrotic changes mainly in subpleural location at CT , lack of lymphocytosis in BAL fluid and histological features of usual interstitial pneumonitis and BOOP in biopsy specimens are all considered risk factors for a fatal outcome . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia ( BOOP ) is a clinicopathological syndrome of unknown etiology . Histopathologically , it is characterized by plugs of fibroplastic connective tissue within respiratory bronchioles , mononuclear cell infiltrates in parenchyma adjacent to the affected bronchioles and foam cells within alveolar airspaces . The disease usually presents as a subacute illness with complete resolution . A subset of BOOP , however , is associated with a fulminant course and a high lethality due to respiratory failure . Early diagnosis and therapy are mandatory . Chest radiography , computed tomography ( CT ) , bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) and open lung biopsy are the primary diagnostic techniques . Radiographically , BOOP is characterized by patchy areas of consolidation that are usually bilateral , peripheral and often migratory . In some cases small , round opacities may be observed as the only abnormality . CT can show the pattern of ground glass opacities , areas of airspace consolidation and small , round opacities , while considerable fibrotic change is usually not seen . A reticular roentgenographic pattern , fibrotic changes mainly in subpleural location at CT , lack of lymphocytosis in BAL fluid and histological features of usual interstitial pneumonitis and BOOP in biopsy specimens are all considered risk factors for a fatal outcome .	[ "Bronchiolitis", "obliterans", "with", "organizing", "pneumonia", "(", "BOOP", ")", "is", "a", "clinicopathological", "syndrome", "of", "unknown", "etiology", ".", "Histopathologically", ",", "it", "is", "characterized", "by", "plugs", "of", "fibroplastic", "connective", "tissue", "within", "respiratory", "bronchioles", ",", "mononuclear", "cell", "infiltrates", "in", "parenchyma", "adjacent", "to", "the", "affected", "bronchioles", "and", "foam", "cells", "within", "alveolar", "airspaces", ".", "The", "disease", "usually", "presents", "as", "a", "subacute", "illness", "with", "complete", "resolution", ".", "A", "subset", "of", "BOOP", ",", "however", ",", "is", "associated", "with", "a", "fulminant", "course", "and", "a", "high", "lethality", "due", "to", "respiratory", "failure", ".", "Early", "diagnosis", "and", "therapy", "are", "mandatory", ".", "Chest", "radiography", ",", "computed", "tomography", "(", "CT", ")", ",", "bronchoalveolar", "lavage", "(", "BAL", ")", "and", "open", "lung", "biopsy", "are", "the", "primary", "diagnostic", "techniques", ".", "Radiographically", ",", "BOOP", "is", "characterized", "by", "patchy", "areas", "of", "consolidation", "that", "are", "usually", "bilateral", ",", "peripheral", "and", "often", "migratory", ".", "In", "some", "cases", "small", ",", "round", "opacities", "may", "be", "observed", "as", "the", "only", "abnormality", ".", "CT", "can", "show", "the", "pattern", "of", "ground", "glass", "opacities", ",", "areas", "of", "airspace", "consolidation", "and", "small", ",", "round", "opacities", ",", "while", "considerable", "fibrotic", "change", "is", "usually", "not", "seen", ".", "A", "reticular", "roentgenographic", "pattern", ",", "fibrotic", "changes", "mainly", "in", "subpleural", "location", "at", "CT", ",", "lack", "of", "lymphocytosis", "in", "BAL", "fluid", "and", "histological", "features", "of", "usual", "interstitial", "pneumonitis", "and", "BOOP", "in", "biopsy", "specimens", "are", "all", "considered", "risk", "factors", "for", "a", "fatal", "outcome", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Bronchiolitis obliterans is an umlsterm, pneumonia is an umlsterm, BOOP is an umlsterm, syndrome is an umlsterm, etiology is an umlsterm, connective tissue is an umlsterm, bronchioles is an umlsterm, cell is an umlsterm, bronchioles is an umlsterm, foam cells is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, BOOP is an umlsterm, respiratory failure is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, Chest is an umlsterm, radiography is an umlsterm, computed tomography is an umlsterm, bronchoalveolar lavage is an umlsterm, BAL is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, lung is an umlsterm, biopsy is an umlsterm, diagnostic is an umlsterm, techniques is an umlsterm, BOOP is an umlsterm, abnormality is an umlsterm, glass is an umlsterm, roentgenographic is an umlsterm, lymphocytosis is an umlsterm, BAL is an umlsterm, usual interstitial pneumonitis is an umlsterm, BOOP is an umlsterm, biopsy is an umlsterm, risk factors is an umlsterm, fatal outcome is an umlsterm	DerRadiologe.60360560.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia ( BOOP ) is a clinicopathological syndrome of unknown etiology . Histopathologically , it is characterized by plugs of fibroplastic connective tissue within respiratory bronchioles , mononuclear cell infiltrates in parenchyma adjacent to the affected bronchioles and foam cells within alveolar airspaces . The disease usually presents as a subacute illness with complete resolution . A subset of BOOP , however , is associated with a fulminant course and a high lethality due to respiratory failure . Early diagnosis and therapy are mandatory . Chest radiography , computed tomography ( CT ) , bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) and open lung biopsy are the primary diagnostic techniques . Radiographically , BOOP is characterized by patchy areas of consolidation that are usually bilateral , peripheral and often migratory . In some cases small , round opacities may be observed as the only abnormality . CT can show the pattern of ground glass opacities , areas of airspace consolidation and small , round opacities , while considerable fibrotic change is usually not seen . A reticular roentgenographic pattern , fibrotic changes mainly in subpleural location at CT , lack of lymphocytosis in BAL fluid and histological features of usual interstitial pneumonitis and BOOP in biopsy specimens are all considered risk factors for a fatal outcome . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Bronchiolitis obliterans, pneumonia, BOOP, syndrome, etiology, connective tissue, bronchioles, cell, bronchioles, foam cells, disease, BOOP, respiratory failure, diagnosis, therapy, Chest, radiography, computed tomography, bronchoalveolar lavage, BAL, open, lung, biopsy, diagnostic, techniques, BOOP, abnormality, glass, roentgenographic, lymphocytosis, BAL, usual interstitial pneumonitis, BOOP, biopsy, risk factors, fatal outcome Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia ( BOOP ) is a clinicopathological syndrome of unknown etiology . Histopathologically , it is characterized by plugs of fibroplastic connective tissue within respiratory bronchioles , mononuclear cell infiltrates in parenchyma adjacent to the affected bronchioles and foam cells within alveolar airspaces . The disease usually presents as a subacute illness with complete resolution . A subset of BOOP , however , is associated with a fulminant course and a high lethality due to respiratory failure . Early diagnosis and therapy are mandatory . Chest radiography , computed tomography ( CT ) , bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) and open lung biopsy are the primary diagnostic techniques . Radiographically , BOOP is characterized by patchy areas of consolidation that are usually bilateral , peripheral and often migratory . In some cases small , round opacities may be observed as the only abnormality . CT can show the pattern of ground glass opacities , areas of airspace consolidation and small , round opacities , while considerable fibrotic change is usually not seen . A reticular roentgenographic pattern , fibrotic changes mainly in subpleural location at CT , lack of lymphocytosis in BAL fluid and histological features of usual interstitial pneumonitis and BOOP in biopsy specimens are all considered risk factors for a fatal outcome .	[ "Bronchiolitis", "obliterans", "with", "organizing", "pneumonia", "(", "BOOP", ")", "is", "a", "clinicopathological", "syndrome", "of", "unknown", "etiology", ".", "Histopathologically", ",", "it", "is", "characterized", "by", "plugs", "of", "fibroplastic", "connective", "tissue", "within", "respiratory", "bronchioles", ",", "mononuclear", "cell", "infiltrates", "in", "parenchyma", "adjacent", "to", "the", "affected", "bronchioles", "and", "foam", "cells", "within", "alveolar", "airspaces", ".", "The", "disease", "usually", "presents", "as", "a", "subacute", "illness", "with", "complete", "resolution", ".", "A", "subset", "of", "BOOP", ",", "however", ",", "is", "associated", "with", "a", "fulminant", "course", "and", "a", "high", "lethality", "due", "to", "respiratory", "failure", ".", "Early", "diagnosis", "and", "therapy", "are", "mandatory", ".", "Chest", "radiography", ",", "computed", "tomography", "(", "CT", ")", ",", "bronchoalveolar", "lavage", "(", "BAL", ")", "and", "open", "lung", "biopsy", "are", "the", "primary", "diagnostic", "techniques", ".", "Radiographically", ",", "BOOP", "is", "characterized", "by", "patchy", "areas", "of", "consolidation", "that", "are", "usually", "bilateral", ",", "peripheral", "and", "often", "migratory", ".", "In", "some", "cases", "small", ",", "round", "opacities", "may", "be", "observed", "as", "the", "only", "abnormality", ".", "CT", "can", "show", "the", "pattern", "of", "ground", "glass", "opacities", ",", "areas", "of", "airspace", "consolidation", "and", "small", ",", "round", "opacities", ",", "while", "considerable", "fibrotic", "change", "is", "usually", "not", "seen", ".", "A", "reticular", "roentgenographic", "pattern", ",", "fibrotic", "changes", "mainly", "in", "subpleural", "location", "at", "CT", ",", "lack", "of", "lymphocytosis", "in", "BAL", "fluid", "and", "histological", "features", "of", "usual", "interstitial", "pneumonitis", "and", "BOOP", "in", "biopsy", "specimens", "are", "all", "considered", "risk", "factors", "for", "a", "fatal", "outcome", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Bronchiolitis obliterans, pneumonia, BOOP, syndrome, etiology, connective tissue, bronchioles, cell, bronchioles, foam cells, disease, BOOP, respiratory failure, diagnosis, therapy, Chest, radiography, computed tomography, bronchoalveolar lavage, BAL, open, lung, biopsy, diagnostic, techniques, BOOP, abnormality, glass, roentgenographic, lymphocytosis, BAL, usual interstitial pneumonitis, BOOP, biopsy, risk factors, fatal outcome	DerRadiologe.60360560.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia ( BOOP ) is a clinicopathological syndrome of unknown etiology . Histopathologically , it is characterized by plugs of fibroplastic connective tissue within respiratory bronchioles , mononuclear cell infiltrates in parenchyma adjacent to the affected bronchioles and foam cells within alveolar airspaces . The disease usually presents as a subacute illness with complete resolution . A subset of BOOP , however , is associated with a fulminant course and a high lethality due to respiratory failure . Early diagnosis and therapy are mandatory . Chest radiography , computed tomography ( CT ) , bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) and open lung biopsy are the primary diagnostic techniques . Radiographically , BOOP is characterized by patchy areas of consolidation that are usually bilateral , peripheral and often migratory . In some cases small , round opacities may be observed as the only abnormality . CT can show the pattern of ground glass opacities , areas of airspace consolidation and small , round opacities , while considerable fibrotic change is usually not seen . A reticular roentgenographic pattern , fibrotic changes mainly in subpleural location at CT , lack of lymphocytosis in BAL fluid and histological features of usual interstitial pneumonitis and BOOP in biopsy specimens are all considered risk factors for a fatal outcome . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia ( BOOP ) is a clinicopathological syndrome of unknown etiology . Histopathologically , it is characterized by plugs of fibroplastic connective tissue within respiratory bronchioles , mononuclear cell infiltrates in parenchyma adjacent to the affected bronchioles and foam cells within alveolar airspaces . The disease usually presents as a subacute illness with complete resolution . A subset of BOOP , however , is associated with a fulminant course and a high lethality due to respiratory failure . Early diagnosis and therapy are mandatory . Chest radiography , computed tomography ( CT ) , bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) and open lung biopsy are the primary diagnostic techniques . Radiographically , BOOP is characterized by patchy areas of consolidation that are usually bilateral , peripheral and often migratory . In some cases small , round opacities may be observed as the only abnormality . CT can show the pattern of ground glass opacities , areas of airspace consolidation and small , round opacities , while considerable fibrotic change is usually not seen . A reticular roentgenographic pattern , fibrotic changes mainly in subpleural location at CT , lack of lymphocytosis in BAL fluid and histological features of usual interstitial pneumonitis and BOOP in biopsy specimens are all considered risk factors for a fatal outcome .	[ "Bronchiolitis", "obliterans", "with", "organizing", "pneumonia", "(", "BOOP", ")", "is", "a", "clinicopathological", "syndrome", "of", "unknown", "etiology", ".", "Histopathologically", ",", "it", "is", "characterized", "by", "plugs", "of", "fibroplastic", "connective", "tissue", "within", "respiratory", "bronchioles", ",", "mononuclear", "cell", "infiltrates", "in", "parenchyma", "adjacent", "to", "the", "affected", "bronchioles", "and", "foam", "cells", "within", "alveolar", "airspaces", ".", "The", "disease", "usually", "presents", "as", "a", "subacute", "illness", "with", "complete", "resolution", ".", "A", "subset", "of", "BOOP", ",", "however", ",", "is", "associated", "with", "a", "fulminant", "course", "and", "a", "high", "lethality", "due", "to", "respiratory", "failure", ".", "Early", "diagnosis", "and", "therapy", "are", "mandatory", ".", "Chest", "radiography", ",", "computed", "tomography", "(", "CT", ")", ",", "bronchoalveolar", "lavage", "(", "BAL", ")", "and", "open", "lung", "biopsy", "are", "the", "primary", "diagnostic", "techniques", ".", "Radiographically", ",", "BOOP", "is", "characterized", "by", "patchy", "areas", "of", "consolidation", "that", "are", "usually", "bilateral", ",", "peripheral", "and", "often", "migratory", ".", "In", "some", "cases", "small", ",", "round", "opacities", "may", "be", "observed", "as", "the", "only", "abnormality", ".", "CT", "can", "show", "the", "pattern", "of", "ground", "glass", "opacities", ",", "areas", "of", "airspace", "consolidation", "and", "small", ",", "round", "opacities", ",", "while", "considerable", "fibrotic", "change", "is", "usually", "not", "seen", ".", "A", "reticular", "roentgenographic", "pattern", ",", "fibrotic", "changes", "mainly", "in", "subpleural", "location", "at", "CT", ",", "lack", "of", "lymphocytosis", "in", "BAL", "fluid", "and", "histological", "features", "of", "usual", "interstitial", "pneumonitis", "and", "BOOP", "in", "biopsy", "specimens", "are", "all", "considered", "risk", "factors", "for", "a", "fatal", "outcome", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Alpha - tocopherol is an other_organic_compound, agonist - induced monocytic cell adhesion is an other_name, cultured human endothelial cells is a cell_line	12151_task0	Sentence: Alpha-tocopherol inhibits agonist-induced monocytic cell adhesion to cultured human endothelial cells. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: other_organic_compound, cell_line, other_name	[ "B-other_organic_compound", "I-other_organic_compound", "I-other_organic_compound", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "O" ]	Alpha-tocopherol inhibits agonist-induced monocytic cell adhesion to cultured human endothelial cells.	[ "Alpha", "-", "tocopherol", "inhibits", "agonist", "-", "induced", "monocytic", "cell", "adhesion", "to", "cultured", "human", "endothelial", "cells", "." ]	[ "other_name", "cell_line", "other_organic_compound", "cell_type", "tissue", "protein_family_or_group", "amino_acid_monomer", "protein_molecule", "RNA_molecule", "lipid" ]
Alpha - tocopherol is an other_organic_compound, agonist - induced monocytic cell adhesion is an other_name, cultured human endothelial cells is a cell_line	12151_task1	Sentence: Alpha-tocopherol inhibits agonist-induced monocytic cell adhesion to cultured human endothelial cells. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Alpha - tocopherol, agonist - induced monocytic cell adhesion, cultured human endothelial cells Options: other_organic_compound, cell_line, other_name	[ "B-other_organic_compound", "I-other_organic_compound", "I-other_organic_compound", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "O" ]	Alpha-tocopherol inhibits agonist-induced monocytic cell adhesion to cultured human endothelial cells.	[ "Alpha", "-", "tocopherol", "inhibits", "agonist", "-", "induced", "monocytic", "cell", "adhesion", "to", "cultured", "human", "endothelial", "cells", "." ]	[ "other_name", "cell_line", "other_organic_compound", "cell_type", "tissue", "protein_family_or_group", "amino_acid_monomer", "protein_molecule", "RNA_molecule", "lipid" ]
Alpha - tocopherol, agonist - induced monocytic cell adhesion, cultured human endothelial cells	12151_task2	Sentence: Alpha-tocopherol inhibits agonist-induced monocytic cell adhesion to cultured human endothelial cells. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-other_organic_compound", "I-other_organic_compound", "I-other_organic_compound", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "O" ]	Alpha-tocopherol inhibits agonist-induced monocytic cell adhesion to cultured human endothelial cells.	[ "Alpha", "-", "tocopherol", "inhibits", "agonist", "-", "induced", "monocytic", "cell", "adhesion", "to", "cultured", "human", "endothelial", "cells", "." ]	[ "other_name", "cell_line", "other_organic_compound", "cell_type", "tissue", "protein_family_or_group", "amino_acid_monomer", "protein_molecule", "RNA_molecule", "lipid" ]
human organic anion transporters 2 and 4 is a GENE-N, organic anion transport is a GENE-N	12023506_task0	Sentence: Interaction of human organic anion transporters 2 and 4 with organic anion transport inhibitors. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N	[ "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O" ]	Interaction of human organic anion transporters 2 and 4 with organic anion transport inhibitors.	[ "Interaction", "of", "human", "organic", "anion", "transporters", "2", "and", "4", "with", "organic", "anion", "transport", "inhibitors", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]
human organic anion transporters 2 and 4 is a GENE-N, organic anion transport is a GENE-N	12023506_task1	Sentence: Interaction of human organic anion transporters 2 and 4 with organic anion transport inhibitors. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: human organic anion transporters 2 and 4, organic anion transport Options: GENE-N	[ "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O" ]	Interaction of human organic anion transporters 2 and 4 with organic anion transport inhibitors.	[ "Interaction", "of", "human", "organic", "anion", "transporters", "2", "and", "4", "with", "organic", "anion", "transport", "inhibitors", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]
human organic anion transporters 2 and 4, organic anion transport	12023506_task2	Sentence: Interaction of human organic anion transporters 2 and 4 with organic anion transport inhibitors. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O" ]	Interaction of human organic anion transporters 2 and 4 with organic anion transport inhibitors.	[ "Interaction", "of", "human", "organic", "anion", "transporters", "2", "and", "4", "with", "organic", "anion", "transport", "inhibitors", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]
tumour is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, work is an umlsterm, Paris is an umlsterm, case histories is an umlsterm, phlebitis is an umlsterm, arm is an umlsterm, gastric cancer is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, death is an umlsterm, doctors is an umlsterm, time is an umlsterm, internal medicine is an umlsterm, tracheotomy is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, croup is an umlsterm, technique is an umlsterm, infectious diseases is an umlsterm, time is an umlsterm, neurology is an umlsterm	Gefaesschirurgie.90040050.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Armand Trousseau ( 1801-1867 ) was the first to recognize that phlegmasia alba is frequently associated with tumour disease . His main work , Clinique médicale de la Hôtel-Dieu de Paris , contains impressive case histories . On the basis of a phlebitis that occurred in his own left arm he diagnosed himself with gastric cancer , and this was in fact the cause of his death . Trousseau is one of the most famous doctors of all time . Numerous discoveries in the area of internal medicine go back to him . Following his tutor , Bretonneau , he introduced the performance of tracheotomy as a routine operation for diphtheritic croup ; he also devised the technique of thoracocentesis . He concerned himself particularly with the infectious diseases of the time and with neurology . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Armand Trousseau ( 1801-1867 ) was the first to recognize that phlegmasia alba is frequently associated with tumour disease . His main work , Clinique médicale de la Hôtel-Dieu de Paris , contains impressive case histories . On the basis of a phlebitis that occurred in his own left arm he diagnosed himself with gastric cancer , and this was in fact the cause of his death . Trousseau is one of the most famous doctors of all time . Numerous discoveries in the area of internal medicine go back to him . Following his tutor , Bretonneau , he introduced the performance of tracheotomy as a routine operation for diphtheritic croup ; he also devised the technique of thoracocentesis . He concerned himself particularly with the infectious diseases of the time and with neurology .	[ "Armand", "Trousseau", "(", "1801", "-", "1867", ")", "was", "the", "first", "to", "recognize", "that", "phlegmasia", "alba", "is", "frequently", "associated", "with", "tumour", "disease", ".", "His", "main", "work", ",", "Clinique", "médicale", "de", "la", "Hôtel", "-", "Dieu", "de", "Paris", ",", "contains", "impressive", "case", "histories", ".", "On", "the", "basis", "of", "a", "phlebitis", "that", "occurred", "in", "his", "own", "left", "arm", "he", "diagnosed", "himself", "with", "gastric", "cancer", ",", "and", "this", "was", "in", "fact", "the", "cause", "of", "his", "death", ".", "Trousseau", "is", "one", "of", "the", "most", "famous", "doctors", "of", "all", "time", ".", "Numerous", "discoveries", "in", "the", "area", "of", "internal", "medicine", "go", "back", "to", "him", ".", "Following", "his", "tutor", ",", "Bretonneau", ",", "he", "introduced", "the", "performance", "of", "tracheotomy", "as", "a", "routine", "operation", "for", "diphtheritic", "croup", ";", "he", "also", "devised", "the", "technique", "of", "thoracocentesis", ".", "He", "concerned", "himself", "particularly", "with", "the", "infectious", "diseases", "of", "the", "time", "and", "with", "neurology", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
tumour is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, work is an umlsterm, Paris is an umlsterm, case histories is an umlsterm, phlebitis is an umlsterm, arm is an umlsterm, gastric cancer is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, death is an umlsterm, doctors is an umlsterm, time is an umlsterm, internal medicine is an umlsterm, tracheotomy is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, croup is an umlsterm, technique is an umlsterm, infectious diseases is an umlsterm, time is an umlsterm, neurology is an umlsterm	Gefaesschirurgie.90040050.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Armand Trousseau ( 1801-1867 ) was the first to recognize that phlegmasia alba is frequently associated with tumour disease . His main work , Clinique médicale de la Hôtel-Dieu de Paris , contains impressive case histories . On the basis of a phlebitis that occurred in his own left arm he diagnosed himself with gastric cancer , and this was in fact the cause of his death . Trousseau is one of the most famous doctors of all time . Numerous discoveries in the area of internal medicine go back to him . Following his tutor , Bretonneau , he introduced the performance of tracheotomy as a routine operation for diphtheritic croup ; he also devised the technique of thoracocentesis . He concerned himself particularly with the infectious diseases of the time and with neurology . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: tumour, disease, work, Paris, case histories, phlebitis, arm, gastric cancer, cause, death, doctors, time, internal medicine, tracheotomy, operation, croup, technique, infectious diseases, time, neurology Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Armand Trousseau ( 1801-1867 ) was the first to recognize that phlegmasia alba is frequently associated with tumour disease . His main work , Clinique médicale de la Hôtel-Dieu de Paris , contains impressive case histories . On the basis of a phlebitis that occurred in his own left arm he diagnosed himself with gastric cancer , and this was in fact the cause of his death . Trousseau is one of the most famous doctors of all time . Numerous discoveries in the area of internal medicine go back to him . Following his tutor , Bretonneau , he introduced the performance of tracheotomy as a routine operation for diphtheritic croup ; he also devised the technique of thoracocentesis . He concerned himself particularly with the infectious diseases of the time and with neurology .	[ "Armand", "Trousseau", "(", "1801", "-", "1867", ")", "was", "the", "first", "to", "recognize", "that", "phlegmasia", "alba", "is", "frequently", "associated", "with", "tumour", "disease", ".", "His", "main", "work", ",", "Clinique", "médicale", "de", "la", "Hôtel", "-", "Dieu", "de", "Paris", ",", "contains", "impressive", "case", "histories", ".", "On", "the", "basis", "of", "a", "phlebitis", "that", "occurred", "in", "his", "own", "left", "arm", "he", "diagnosed", "himself", "with", "gastric", "cancer", ",", "and", "this", "was", "in", "fact", "the", "cause", "of", "his", "death", ".", "Trousseau", "is", "one", "of", "the", "most", "famous", "doctors", "of", "all", "time", ".", "Numerous", "discoveries", "in", "the", "area", "of", "internal", "medicine", "go", "back", "to", "him", ".", "Following", "his", "tutor", ",", "Bretonneau", ",", "he", "introduced", "the", "performance", "of", "tracheotomy", "as", "a", "routine", "operation", "for", "diphtheritic", "croup", ";", "he", "also", "devised", "the", "technique", "of", "thoracocentesis", ".", "He", "concerned", "himself", "particularly", "with", "the", "infectious", "diseases", "of", "the", "time", "and", "with", "neurology", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
tumour, disease, work, Paris, case histories, phlebitis, arm, gastric cancer, cause, death, doctors, time, internal medicine, tracheotomy, operation, croup, technique, infectious diseases, time, neurology	Gefaesschirurgie.90040050.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Armand Trousseau ( 1801-1867 ) was the first to recognize that phlegmasia alba is frequently associated with tumour disease . His main work , Clinique médicale de la Hôtel-Dieu de Paris , contains impressive case histories . On the basis of a phlebitis that occurred in his own left arm he diagnosed himself with gastric cancer , and this was in fact the cause of his death . Trousseau is one of the most famous doctors of all time . Numerous discoveries in the area of internal medicine go back to him . Following his tutor , Bretonneau , he introduced the performance of tracheotomy as a routine operation for diphtheritic croup ; he also devised the technique of thoracocentesis . He concerned himself particularly with the infectious diseases of the time and with neurology . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Armand Trousseau ( 1801-1867 ) was the first to recognize that phlegmasia alba is frequently associated with tumour disease . His main work , Clinique médicale de la Hôtel-Dieu de Paris , contains impressive case histories . On the basis of a phlebitis that occurred in his own left arm he diagnosed himself with gastric cancer , and this was in fact the cause of his death . Trousseau is one of the most famous doctors of all time . Numerous discoveries in the area of internal medicine go back to him . Following his tutor , Bretonneau , he introduced the performance of tracheotomy as a routine operation for diphtheritic croup ; he also devised the technique of thoracocentesis . He concerned himself particularly with the infectious diseases of the time and with neurology .	[ "Armand", "Trousseau", "(", "1801", "-", "1867", ")", "was", "the", "first", "to", "recognize", "that", "phlegmasia", "alba", "is", "frequently", "associated", "with", "tumour", "disease", ".", "His", "main", "work", ",", "Clinique", "médicale", "de", "la", "Hôtel", "-", "Dieu", "de", "Paris", ",", "contains", "impressive", "case", "histories", ".", "On", "the", "basis", "of", "a", "phlebitis", "that", "occurred", "in", "his", "own", "left", "arm", "he", "diagnosed", "himself", "with", "gastric", "cancer", ",", "and", "this", "was", "in", "fact", "the", "cause", "of", "his", "death", ".", "Trousseau", "is", "one", "of", "the", "most", "famous", "doctors", "of", "all", "time", ".", "Numerous", "discoveries", "in", "the", "area", "of", "internal", "medicine", "go", "back", "to", "him", ".", "Following", "his", "tutor", ",", "Bretonneau", ",", "he", "introduced", "the", "performance", "of", "tracheotomy", "as", "a", "routine", "operation", "for", "diphtheritic", "croup", ";", "he", "also", "devised", "the", "technique", "of", "thoracocentesis", ".", "He", "concerned", "himself", "particularly", "with", "the", "infectious", "diseases", "of", "the", "time", "and", "with", "neurology", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
cigarrillos is a UNCLEAR	45_task0	Sentence: Varón de 33 años fumador de un paquete de cigarrillos al día sin otros antecedentes de interés que acude a Urgencias por presentar desde hacía diez días induración peneana a nivel de la base. A la exploración se evidenció cordón longitudinal indurado en la base del pene de localización dorsal, móvil y doloroso. No se palparon adenopatías inguinales. Afebril. Se realizó eco-doppler peneano en el que se objetivó una induración correspondiente a trombosis segmentaria de la vena dorsal superficial del pene. Estudio de coagulación normal. Juicio Diagnóstico: Enfermedad de Mondor. El paciente recibió tratamiento antiinflamatorio. No acudió a la revisión. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: UNCLEAR	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-UNCLEAR", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Varón de 33 años fumador de un paquete de cigarrillos al día sin otros antecedentes de interés que acude a Urgencias por presentar desde hacía diez días induración peneana a nivel de la base. A la exploración se evidenció cordón longitudinal indurado en la base del pene de localización dorsal, móvil y doloroso. No se palparon adenopatías inguinales. Afebril. Se realizó eco-doppler peneano en el que se objetivó una induración correspondiente a trombosis segmentaria de la vena dorsal superficial del pene. Estudio de coagulación normal. Juicio Diagnóstico: Enfermedad de Mondor. El paciente recibió tratamiento antiinflamatorio. No acudió a la revisión.	[ "Varón", "de", "33", "años", "fumador", "de", "un", "paquete", "de", "cigarrillos", "al", "día", "sin", "otros", "antecedentes", "de", "interés", "que", "acude", "a", "Urgencias", "por", "presentar", "desde", "hacía", "diez", "días", "induración", "peneana", "a", "nivel", "de", "la", "base", ".", "A", "la", "exploración", "se", "evidenció", "cordón", "longitudinal", "indurado", "en", "la", "base", "del", "pene", "de", "localización", "dorsal", ",", "móvil", "y", "doloroso", ".", "No", "se", "palparon", "adenopatías", "inguinales", ".", "Afebril", ".", "Se", "realizó", "eco", "-", "doppler", "peneano", "en", "el", "que", "se", "objetivó", "una", "induración", "correspondiente", "a", "trombosis", "segmentaria", "de", "la", "vena", "dorsal", "superficial", "del", "pene", ".", "Estudio", "de", "coagulación", "normal", ".", "\n", "Juicio", "Diagnóstico", ":", "Enfermedad", "de", "Mondor", ".", "El", "paciente", "recibió", "tratamiento", "antiinflamatorio", ".", "No", "acudió", "a", "la", "revisión", ".", "\n" ]	[ "UNCLEAR" ]
cigarrillos is a UNCLEAR	45_task1	Sentence: Varón de 33 años fumador de un paquete de cigarrillos al día sin otros antecedentes de interés que acude a Urgencias por presentar desde hacía diez días induración peneana a nivel de la base. A la exploración se evidenció cordón longitudinal indurado en la base del pene de localización dorsal, móvil y doloroso. No se palparon adenopatías inguinales. Afebril. Se realizó eco-doppler peneano en el que se objetivó una induración correspondiente a trombosis segmentaria de la vena dorsal superficial del pene. Estudio de coagulación normal. Juicio Diagnóstico: Enfermedad de Mondor. El paciente recibió tratamiento antiinflamatorio. No acudió a la revisión. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cigarrillos Options: UNCLEAR	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-UNCLEAR", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Varón de 33 años fumador de un paquete de cigarrillos al día sin otros antecedentes de interés que acude a Urgencias por presentar desde hacía diez días induración peneana a nivel de la base. A la exploración se evidenció cordón longitudinal indurado en la base del pene de localización dorsal, móvil y doloroso. No se palparon adenopatías inguinales. Afebril. Se realizó eco-doppler peneano en el que se objetivó una induración correspondiente a trombosis segmentaria de la vena dorsal superficial del pene. Estudio de coagulación normal. Juicio Diagnóstico: Enfermedad de Mondor. El paciente recibió tratamiento antiinflamatorio. No acudió a la revisión.	[ "Varón", "de", "33", "años", "fumador", "de", "un", "paquete", "de", "cigarrillos", "al", "día", "sin", "otros", "antecedentes", "de", "interés", "que", "acude", "a", "Urgencias", "por", "presentar", "desde", "hacía", "diez", "días", "induración", "peneana", "a", "nivel", "de", "la", "base", ".", "A", "la", "exploración", "se", "evidenció", "cordón", "longitudinal", "indurado", "en", "la", "base", "del", "pene", "de", "localización", "dorsal", ",", "móvil", "y", "doloroso", ".", "No", "se", "palparon", "adenopatías", "inguinales", ".", "Afebril", ".", "Se", "realizó", "eco", "-", "doppler", "peneano", "en", "el", "que", "se", "objetivó", "una", "induración", "correspondiente", "a", "trombosis", "segmentaria", "de", "la", "vena", "dorsal", "superficial", "del", "pene", ".", "Estudio", "de", "coagulación", "normal", ".", "\n", "Juicio", "Diagnóstico", ":", "Enfermedad", "de", "Mondor", ".", "El", "paciente", "recibió", "tratamiento", "antiinflamatorio", ".", "No", "acudió", "a", "la", "revisión", ".", "\n" ]	[ "UNCLEAR" ]
cigarrillos	45_task2	Sentence: Varón de 33 años fumador de un paquete de cigarrillos al día sin otros antecedentes de interés que acude a Urgencias por presentar desde hacía diez días induración peneana a nivel de la base. A la exploración se evidenció cordón longitudinal indurado en la base del pene de localización dorsal, móvil y doloroso. No se palparon adenopatías inguinales. Afebril. Se realizó eco-doppler peneano en el que se objetivó una induración correspondiente a trombosis segmentaria de la vena dorsal superficial del pene. Estudio de coagulación normal. Juicio Diagnóstico: Enfermedad de Mondor. El paciente recibió tratamiento antiinflamatorio. No acudió a la revisión. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-UNCLEAR", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Varón de 33 años fumador de un paquete de cigarrillos al día sin otros antecedentes de interés que acude a Urgencias por presentar desde hacía diez días induración peneana a nivel de la base. A la exploración se evidenció cordón longitudinal indurado en la base del pene de localización dorsal, móvil y doloroso. No se palparon adenopatías inguinales. Afebril. Se realizó eco-doppler peneano en el que se objetivó una induración correspondiente a trombosis segmentaria de la vena dorsal superficial del pene. Estudio de coagulación normal. Juicio Diagnóstico: Enfermedad de Mondor. El paciente recibió tratamiento antiinflamatorio. No acudió a la revisión.	[ "Varón", "de", "33", "años", "fumador", "de", "un", "paquete", "de", "cigarrillos", "al", "día", "sin", "otros", "antecedentes", "de", "interés", "que", "acude", "a", "Urgencias", "por", "presentar", "desde", "hacía", "diez", "días", "induración", "peneana", "a", "nivel", "de", "la", "base", ".", "A", "la", "exploración", "se", "evidenció", "cordón", "longitudinal", "indurado", "en", "la", "base", "del", "pene", "de", "localización", "dorsal", ",", "móvil", "y", "doloroso", ".", "No", "se", "palparon", "adenopatías", "inguinales", ".", "Afebril", ".", "Se", "realizó", "eco", "-", "doppler", "peneano", "en", "el", "que", "se", "objetivó", "una", "induración", "correspondiente", "a", "trombosis", "segmentaria", "de", "la", "vena", "dorsal", "superficial", "del", "pene", ".", "Estudio", "de", "coagulación", "normal", ".", "\n", "Juicio", "Diagnóstico", ":", "Enfermedad", "de", "Mondor", ".", "El", "paciente", "recibió", "tratamiento", "antiinflamatorio", ".", "No", "acudió", "a", "la", "revisión", ".", "\n" ]	[ "UNCLEAR" ]
stroke is a Participant_Condition, children is a Participant_Age, sickle cell anemia is a Participant_Condition, Blood transfusions is a Intervention_Physical, standard care or transfusions is a Intervention_Physical, infarction is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, 130 is a Participant_Sample-size, 8.3+/-3.3 years is a Participant_Age, 63 is a Participant_Sample-size, mean hemoglobin concentration is a Outcome_Physical, hematocrit is a Outcome_Physical, cerebral infarctions is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, intracerebral hematoma is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, Transfusion is a Intervention_Physical, risk of a first stroke is a Outcome_Physical	91999_task0	Sentence: Prevention of a first stroke by transfusions in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography . BACKGROUND Blood transfusions prevent recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell anemia , but the value of transfusions in preventing a first stroke is unknown . We used transcranial Doppler ultrasonography to identify children with sickle cell anemia who were at high risk for stroke and then randomly assigned them to receive standard care or transfusions to prevent a first stroke . METHODS To enter the study , children with sickle cell anemia and no history of stroke had to have undergone two transcranial Doppler studies that showed that the time-averaged mean blood-flow velocity in the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery was 200 cm per second or higher . The patients were randomly assigned to receive standard care or transfusions to reduce the hemoglobin S concentration to less than 30 percent of the total hemoglobin concentration . The incidence of stroke ( cerebral infarction or intracranial hemorrhage ) was compared between the two groups . RESULTS A total of 130 children ( mean [ +/-SD ] age , 8.3+/-3.3 years ) were enrolled ; 63 were randomly assigned to receive transfusions and 67 to receive standard care . At base line , the transfusion group had a slightly lower mean hemoglobin concentration ( 7.2 vs. 7.6 g per deciliter , P=0.001 ) and hematocrit ( 20.4 vs. 21.7 percent , P=0.002 ) . Ten patients dropped out of the transfusion group , and two patients crossed over from the standard-care group to the transfusion group . There were 10 cerebral infarctions and 1 intracerebral hematoma in the standard-care group , as compared with 1 infarction in the transfusion group -- a 92 percent difference in the risk of stroke ( P < 0.001 ) . This result led to the early termination of the trial . CONCLUSIONS Transfusion greatly reduces the risk of a first stroke in children with sickle cell anemia who have abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Outcome_Adverse-effects, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Participant_Age, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Prevention of a first stroke by transfusions in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography . BACKGROUND Blood transfusions prevent recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell anemia , but the value of transfusions in preventing a first stroke is unknown . We used transcranial Doppler ultrasonography to identify children with sickle cell anemia who were at high risk for stroke and then randomly assigned them to receive standard care or transfusions to prevent a first stroke . METHODS To enter the study , children with sickle cell anemia and no history of stroke had to have undergone two transcranial Doppler studies that showed that the time-averaged mean blood-flow velocity in the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery was 200 cm per second or higher . The patients were randomly assigned to receive standard care or transfusions to reduce the hemoglobin S concentration to less than 30 percent of the total hemoglobin concentration . The incidence of stroke ( cerebral infarction or intracranial hemorrhage ) was compared between the two groups . RESULTS A total of 130 children ( mean [ +/-SD ] age , 8.3+/-3.3 years ) were enrolled ; 63 were randomly assigned to receive transfusions and 67 to receive standard care . At base line , the transfusion group had a slightly lower mean hemoglobin concentration ( 7.2 vs. 7.6 g per deciliter , P=0.001 ) and hematocrit ( 20.4 vs. 21.7 percent , P=0.002 ) . Ten patients dropped out of the transfusion group , and two patients crossed over from the standard-care group to the transfusion group . There were 10 cerebral infarctions and 1 intracerebral hematoma in the standard-care group , as compared with 1 infarction in the transfusion group -- a 92 percent difference in the risk of stroke ( P < 0.001 ) . This result led to the early termination of the trial . CONCLUSIONS Transfusion greatly reduces the risk of a first stroke in children with sickle cell anemia who have abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography .	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stroke is a Participant_Condition, children is a Participant_Age, sickle cell anemia is a Participant_Condition, Blood transfusions is a Intervention_Physical, standard care or transfusions is a Intervention_Physical, infarction is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, 130 is a Participant_Sample-size, 8.3+/-3.3 years is a Participant_Age, 63 is a Participant_Sample-size, mean hemoglobin concentration is a Outcome_Physical, hematocrit is a Outcome_Physical, cerebral infarctions is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, intracerebral hematoma is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, Transfusion is a Intervention_Physical, risk of a first stroke is a Outcome_Physical	91999_task1	Sentence: Prevention of a first stroke by transfusions in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography . BACKGROUND Blood transfusions prevent recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell anemia , but the value of transfusions in preventing a first stroke is unknown . We used transcranial Doppler ultrasonography to identify children with sickle cell anemia who were at high risk for stroke and then randomly assigned them to receive standard care or transfusions to prevent a first stroke . METHODS To enter the study , children with sickle cell anemia and no history of stroke had to have undergone two transcranial Doppler studies that showed that the time-averaged mean blood-flow velocity in the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery was 200 cm per second or higher . The patients were randomly assigned to receive standard care or transfusions to reduce the hemoglobin S concentration to less than 30 percent of the total hemoglobin concentration . The incidence of stroke ( cerebral infarction or intracranial hemorrhage ) was compared between the two groups . RESULTS A total of 130 children ( mean [ +/-SD ] age , 8.3+/-3.3 years ) were enrolled ; 63 were randomly assigned to receive transfusions and 67 to receive standard care . At base line , the transfusion group had a slightly lower mean hemoglobin concentration ( 7.2 vs. 7.6 g per deciliter , P=0.001 ) and hematocrit ( 20.4 vs. 21.7 percent , P=0.002 ) . Ten patients dropped out of the transfusion group , and two patients crossed over from the standard-care group to the transfusion group . There were 10 cerebral infarctions and 1 intracerebral hematoma in the standard-care group , as compared with 1 infarction in the transfusion group -- a 92 percent difference in the risk of stroke ( P < 0.001 ) . This result led to the early termination of the trial . CONCLUSIONS Transfusion greatly reduces the risk of a first stroke in children with sickle cell anemia who have abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: stroke, children, sickle cell anemia, Blood transfusions, standard care or transfusions, infarction, 130, 8.3+/-3.3 years, 63, mean hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, cerebral infarctions, intracerebral hematoma, Transfusion, risk of a first stroke Options: Outcome_Adverse-effects, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Participant_Age, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Prevention of a first stroke by transfusions in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography . BACKGROUND Blood transfusions prevent recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell anemia , but the value of transfusions in preventing a first stroke is unknown . We used transcranial Doppler ultrasonography to identify children with sickle cell anemia who were at high risk for stroke and then randomly assigned them to receive standard care or transfusions to prevent a first stroke . METHODS To enter the study , children with sickle cell anemia and no history of stroke had to have undergone two transcranial Doppler studies that showed that the time-averaged mean blood-flow velocity in the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery was 200 cm per second or higher . The patients were randomly assigned to receive standard care or transfusions to reduce the hemoglobin S concentration to less than 30 percent of the total hemoglobin concentration . The incidence of stroke ( cerebral infarction or intracranial hemorrhage ) was compared between the two groups . RESULTS A total of 130 children ( mean [ +/-SD ] age , 8.3+/-3.3 years ) were enrolled ; 63 were randomly assigned to receive transfusions and 67 to receive standard care . At base line , the transfusion group had a slightly lower mean hemoglobin concentration ( 7.2 vs. 7.6 g per deciliter , P=0.001 ) and hematocrit ( 20.4 vs. 21.7 percent , P=0.002 ) . Ten patients dropped out of the transfusion group , and two patients crossed over from the standard-care group to the transfusion group . There were 10 cerebral infarctions and 1 intracerebral hematoma in the standard-care group , as compared with 1 infarction in the transfusion group -- a 92 percent difference in the risk of stroke ( P < 0.001 ) . This result led to the early termination of the trial . CONCLUSIONS Transfusion greatly reduces the risk of a first stroke in children with sickle cell anemia who have abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography .	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stroke, children, sickle cell anemia, Blood transfusions, standard care or transfusions, infarction, 130, 8.3+/-3.3 years, 63, mean hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, cerebral infarctions, intracerebral hematoma, Transfusion, risk of a first stroke	91999_task2	Sentence: Prevention of a first stroke by transfusions in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography . BACKGROUND Blood transfusions prevent recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell anemia , but the value of transfusions in preventing a first stroke is unknown . We used transcranial Doppler ultrasonography to identify children with sickle cell anemia who were at high risk for stroke and then randomly assigned them to receive standard care or transfusions to prevent a first stroke . METHODS To enter the study , children with sickle cell anemia and no history of stroke had to have undergone two transcranial Doppler studies that showed that the time-averaged mean blood-flow velocity in the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery was 200 cm per second or higher . The patients were randomly assigned to receive standard care or transfusions to reduce the hemoglobin S concentration to less than 30 percent of the total hemoglobin concentration . The incidence of stroke ( cerebral infarction or intracranial hemorrhage ) was compared between the two groups . RESULTS A total of 130 children ( mean [ +/-SD ] age , 8.3+/-3.3 years ) were enrolled ; 63 were randomly assigned to receive transfusions and 67 to receive standard care . At base line , the transfusion group had a slightly lower mean hemoglobin concentration ( 7.2 vs. 7.6 g per deciliter , P=0.001 ) and hematocrit ( 20.4 vs. 21.7 percent , P=0.002 ) . Ten patients dropped out of the transfusion group , and two patients crossed over from the standard-care group to the transfusion group . There were 10 cerebral infarctions and 1 intracerebral hematoma in the standard-care group , as compared with 1 infarction in the transfusion group -- a 92 percent difference in the risk of stroke ( P < 0.001 ) . This result led to the early termination of the trial . CONCLUSIONS Transfusion greatly reduces the risk of a first stroke in children with sickle cell anemia who have abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Prevention of a first stroke by transfusions in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography . BACKGROUND Blood transfusions prevent recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell anemia , but the value of transfusions in preventing a first stroke is unknown . We used transcranial Doppler ultrasonography to identify children with sickle cell anemia who were at high risk for stroke and then randomly assigned them to receive standard care or transfusions to prevent a first stroke . METHODS To enter the study , children with sickle cell anemia and no history of stroke had to have undergone two transcranial Doppler studies that showed that the time-averaged mean blood-flow velocity in the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery was 200 cm per second or higher . The patients were randomly assigned to receive standard care or transfusions to reduce the hemoglobin S concentration to less than 30 percent of the total hemoglobin concentration . The incidence of stroke ( cerebral infarction or intracranial hemorrhage ) was compared between the two groups . RESULTS A total of 130 children ( mean [ +/-SD ] age , 8.3+/-3.3 years ) were enrolled ; 63 were randomly assigned to receive transfusions and 67 to receive standard care . At base line , the transfusion group had a slightly lower mean hemoglobin concentration ( 7.2 vs. 7.6 g per deciliter , P=0.001 ) and hematocrit ( 20.4 vs. 21.7 percent , P=0.002 ) . Ten patients dropped out of the transfusion group , and two patients crossed over from the standard-care group to the transfusion group . There were 10 cerebral infarctions and 1 intracerebral hematoma in the standard-care group , as compared with 1 infarction in the transfusion group -- a 92 percent difference in the risk of stroke ( P < 0.001 ) . This result led to the early termination of the trial . CONCLUSIONS Transfusion greatly reduces the risk of a first stroke in children with sickle cell anemia who have abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography .	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Gefaessverletzungen is an umlsterm, Mehrfachverletzungen is an umlsterm, Wiederherstellung is an umlsterm, Primat is an umlsterm, Extremitaetengefaehrdung is an umlsterm, Venenverletzung is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Gewalteinwirkungen is an umlsterm, Ausbildung is an umlsterm, Kompressionssyndromen is an umlsterm, Gliedmassenerhalt is an umlsterm, Diagnostik is an umlsterm, Angiographie is an umlsterm, Wiederherstellung is an umlsterm, Ischaemietoleranzzeit is an umlsterm, Gefaessverletzung is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Frakturstabilisation is an umlsterm, Zeit is an umlsterm, Extremitaet is an umlsterm, Vene is an umlsterm, Infektion is an umlsterm, Fisteln is an umlsterm, Komplikationen is an umlsterm, Gefaessverletzungen is an umlsterm	DerUnfallchirurg.81010508.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Die rekonstruktive Versorgungspflicht betrifft 2-4 % der Gefaessverletzungen , bei Mehrfachverletzungen 10 % . Die Wiederherstellung der arteriellen Strombahn hat das Primat , da die Extremitaetengefaehrdung durch Venenverletzung wesentlich geringer ist . Die akuten Verletzungen entstehen durch scharfe oder stumpfe Gewalteinwirkungen . Der Gefaessschaden fuehrt entweder zum akuten Blutverlust oder zur Ausbildung von extremitaeren Kompressionssyndromen , die ueber zunehmende Perfusionsstoerungen den Gliedmassenerhalt in Frage stellen koennen , darueber hinaus aber durch die Reperfusionsphaenomene eine vitale Bedrohung des Verletzten darstellen . Die Diagnostik stuetzt sich auf die klinischen Phaenome und wird apparativ heute im wesentlichen durch die cw-Dopplersonographie oder die farbcodierte Duplexsonographie ermoeglicht . Die Angiographie ist nur noch fuer bestimmte Ausnahmefaelle reserviert . Die Wiederherstellung der Gefaessstrombahn steht unter der Praemisse , dass die Ischaemietoleranzzeit nutritiver Gefaesse nur 6-8 h betraegt . Begleitet die Gefaessverletzung Frakturen , insbesondere dislozierte Formen , so ist die primaere Frakturstabilisation wegen der Distanzvorgabe wichtig . Die Osteosynthese erfolgt in der Regel mit einem Fixateur externe . Sie muss in kurzer Zeit erfolgen , und moeglichst stabil sein . Die direkte Gefaessanastomosierung gelingt selten , gegebenenfalls bei Verkuerzung der Extremitaet . In der Regel wird eine autologe Vene interponiert . Rethrombosierung Infektion , Aneurysmen und arterio-venoese ( AU- ) Fisteln , sind Komplikationen oder Spaetfolgen von Gefaessverletzungen . 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Die Wiederherstellung der arteriellen Strombahn hat das Primat , da die Extremitaetengefaehrdung durch Venenverletzung wesentlich geringer ist . Die akuten Verletzungen entstehen durch scharfe oder stumpfe Gewalteinwirkungen . Der Gefaessschaden fuehrt entweder zum akuten Blutverlust oder zur Ausbildung von extremitaeren Kompressionssyndromen , die ueber zunehmende Perfusionsstoerungen den Gliedmassenerhalt in Frage stellen koennen , darueber hinaus aber durch die Reperfusionsphaenomene eine vitale Bedrohung des Verletzten darstellen . Die Diagnostik stuetzt sich auf die klinischen Phaenome und wird apparativ heute im wesentlichen durch die cw-Dopplersonographie oder die farbcodierte Duplexsonographie ermoeglicht . Die Angiographie ist nur noch fuer bestimmte Ausnahmefaelle reserviert . Die Wiederherstellung der Gefaessstrombahn steht unter der Praemisse , dass die Ischaemietoleranzzeit nutritiver Gefaesse nur 6-8 h betraegt . Begleitet die Gefaessverletzung Frakturen , insbesondere dislozierte Formen , so ist die primaere Frakturstabilisation wegen der Distanzvorgabe wichtig . Die Osteosynthese erfolgt in der Regel mit einem Fixateur externe . Sie muss in kurzer Zeit erfolgen , und moeglichst stabil sein . Die direkte Gefaessanastomosierung gelingt selten , gegebenenfalls bei Verkuerzung der Extremitaet . In der Regel wird eine autologe Vene interponiert . Rethrombosierung Infektion , Aneurysmen und arterio-venoese ( AU- ) Fisteln , sind Komplikationen oder Spaetfolgen von Gefaessverletzungen .	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Gefaessverletzungen is an umlsterm, Mehrfachverletzungen is an umlsterm, Wiederherstellung is an umlsterm, Primat is an umlsterm, Extremitaetengefaehrdung is an umlsterm, Venenverletzung is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Gewalteinwirkungen is an umlsterm, Ausbildung is an umlsterm, Kompressionssyndromen is an umlsterm, Gliedmassenerhalt is an umlsterm, Diagnostik is an umlsterm, Angiographie is an umlsterm, Wiederherstellung is an umlsterm, Ischaemietoleranzzeit is an umlsterm, Gefaessverletzung is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Frakturstabilisation is an umlsterm, Zeit is an umlsterm, Extremitaet is an umlsterm, Vene is an umlsterm, Infektion is an umlsterm, Fisteln is an umlsterm, Komplikationen is an umlsterm, Gefaessverletzungen is an umlsterm	DerUnfallchirurg.81010508.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Die rekonstruktive Versorgungspflicht betrifft 2-4 % der Gefaessverletzungen , bei Mehrfachverletzungen 10 % . Die Wiederherstellung der arteriellen Strombahn hat das Primat , da die Extremitaetengefaehrdung durch Venenverletzung wesentlich geringer ist . Die akuten Verletzungen entstehen durch scharfe oder stumpfe Gewalteinwirkungen . Der Gefaessschaden fuehrt entweder zum akuten Blutverlust oder zur Ausbildung von extremitaeren Kompressionssyndromen , die ueber zunehmende Perfusionsstoerungen den Gliedmassenerhalt in Frage stellen koennen , darueber hinaus aber durch die Reperfusionsphaenomene eine vitale Bedrohung des Verletzten darstellen . Die Diagnostik stuetzt sich auf die klinischen Phaenome und wird apparativ heute im wesentlichen durch die cw-Dopplersonographie oder die farbcodierte Duplexsonographie ermoeglicht . Die Angiographie ist nur noch fuer bestimmte Ausnahmefaelle reserviert . Die Wiederherstellung der Gefaessstrombahn steht unter der Praemisse , dass die Ischaemietoleranzzeit nutritiver Gefaesse nur 6-8 h betraegt . Begleitet die Gefaessverletzung Frakturen , insbesondere dislozierte Formen , so ist die primaere Frakturstabilisation wegen der Distanzvorgabe wichtig . Die Osteosynthese erfolgt in der Regel mit einem Fixateur externe . Sie muss in kurzer Zeit erfolgen , und moeglichst stabil sein . Die direkte Gefaessanastomosierung gelingt selten , gegebenenfalls bei Verkuerzung der Extremitaet . In der Regel wird eine autologe Vene interponiert . Rethrombosierung Infektion , Aneurysmen und arterio-venoese ( AU- ) Fisteln , sind Komplikationen oder Spaetfolgen von Gefaessverletzungen . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Gefaessverletzungen, Mehrfachverletzungen, Wiederherstellung, Primat, Extremitaetengefaehrdung, Venenverletzung, Verletzungen, Gewalteinwirkungen, Ausbildung, Kompressionssyndromen, Gliedmassenerhalt, Diagnostik, Angiographie, Wiederherstellung, Ischaemietoleranzzeit, Gefaessverletzung, Frakturen, Frakturstabilisation, Zeit, Extremitaet, Vene, Infektion, Fisteln, Komplikationen, Gefaessverletzungen Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Die rekonstruktive Versorgungspflicht betrifft 2-4 % der Gefaessverletzungen , bei Mehrfachverletzungen 10 % . Die Wiederherstellung der arteriellen Strombahn hat das Primat , da die Extremitaetengefaehrdung durch Venenverletzung wesentlich geringer ist . Die akuten Verletzungen entstehen durch scharfe oder stumpfe Gewalteinwirkungen . Der Gefaessschaden fuehrt entweder zum akuten Blutverlust oder zur Ausbildung von extremitaeren Kompressionssyndromen , die ueber zunehmende Perfusionsstoerungen den Gliedmassenerhalt in Frage stellen koennen , darueber hinaus aber durch die Reperfusionsphaenomene eine vitale Bedrohung des Verletzten darstellen . Die Diagnostik stuetzt sich auf die klinischen Phaenome und wird apparativ heute im wesentlichen durch die cw-Dopplersonographie oder die farbcodierte Duplexsonographie ermoeglicht . Die Angiographie ist nur noch fuer bestimmte Ausnahmefaelle reserviert . Die Wiederherstellung der Gefaessstrombahn steht unter der Praemisse , dass die Ischaemietoleranzzeit nutritiver Gefaesse nur 6-8 h betraegt . Begleitet die Gefaessverletzung Frakturen , insbesondere dislozierte Formen , so ist die primaere Frakturstabilisation wegen der Distanzvorgabe wichtig . Die Osteosynthese erfolgt in der Regel mit einem Fixateur externe . Sie muss in kurzer Zeit erfolgen , und moeglichst stabil sein . Die direkte Gefaessanastomosierung gelingt selten , gegebenenfalls bei Verkuerzung der Extremitaet . In der Regel wird eine autologe Vene interponiert . Rethrombosierung Infektion , Aneurysmen und arterio-venoese ( AU- ) Fisteln , sind Komplikationen oder Spaetfolgen von Gefaessverletzungen .	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Gefaessverletzungen, Mehrfachverletzungen, Wiederherstellung, Primat, Extremitaetengefaehrdung, Venenverletzung, Verletzungen, Gewalteinwirkungen, Ausbildung, Kompressionssyndromen, Gliedmassenerhalt, Diagnostik, Angiographie, Wiederherstellung, Ischaemietoleranzzeit, Gefaessverletzung, Frakturen, Frakturstabilisation, Zeit, Extremitaet, Vene, Infektion, Fisteln, Komplikationen, Gefaessverletzungen	DerUnfallchirurg.81010508.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Die rekonstruktive Versorgungspflicht betrifft 2-4 % der Gefaessverletzungen , bei Mehrfachverletzungen 10 % . Die Wiederherstellung der arteriellen Strombahn hat das Primat , da die Extremitaetengefaehrdung durch Venenverletzung wesentlich geringer ist . Die akuten Verletzungen entstehen durch scharfe oder stumpfe Gewalteinwirkungen . Der Gefaessschaden fuehrt entweder zum akuten Blutverlust oder zur Ausbildung von extremitaeren Kompressionssyndromen , die ueber zunehmende Perfusionsstoerungen den Gliedmassenerhalt in Frage stellen koennen , darueber hinaus aber durch die Reperfusionsphaenomene eine vitale Bedrohung des Verletzten darstellen . Die Diagnostik stuetzt sich auf die klinischen Phaenome und wird apparativ heute im wesentlichen durch die cw-Dopplersonographie oder die farbcodierte Duplexsonographie ermoeglicht . Die Angiographie ist nur noch fuer bestimmte Ausnahmefaelle reserviert . Die Wiederherstellung der Gefaessstrombahn steht unter der Praemisse , dass die Ischaemietoleranzzeit nutritiver Gefaesse nur 6-8 h betraegt . Begleitet die Gefaessverletzung Frakturen , insbesondere dislozierte Formen , so ist die primaere Frakturstabilisation wegen der Distanzvorgabe wichtig . Die Osteosynthese erfolgt in der Regel mit einem Fixateur externe . Sie muss in kurzer Zeit erfolgen , und moeglichst stabil sein . Die direkte Gefaessanastomosierung gelingt selten , gegebenenfalls bei Verkuerzung der Extremitaet . In der Regel wird eine autologe Vene interponiert . Rethrombosierung Infektion , Aneurysmen und arterio-venoese ( AU- ) Fisteln , sind Komplikationen oder Spaetfolgen von Gefaessverletzungen . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Die rekonstruktive Versorgungspflicht betrifft 2-4 % der Gefaessverletzungen , bei Mehrfachverletzungen 10 % . Die Wiederherstellung der arteriellen Strombahn hat das Primat , da die Extremitaetengefaehrdung durch Venenverletzung wesentlich geringer ist . Die akuten Verletzungen entstehen durch scharfe oder stumpfe Gewalteinwirkungen . Der Gefaessschaden fuehrt entweder zum akuten Blutverlust oder zur Ausbildung von extremitaeren Kompressionssyndromen , die ueber zunehmende Perfusionsstoerungen den Gliedmassenerhalt in Frage stellen koennen , darueber hinaus aber durch die Reperfusionsphaenomene eine vitale Bedrohung des Verletzten darstellen . Die Diagnostik stuetzt sich auf die klinischen Phaenome und wird apparativ heute im wesentlichen durch die cw-Dopplersonographie oder die farbcodierte Duplexsonographie ermoeglicht . Die Angiographie ist nur noch fuer bestimmte Ausnahmefaelle reserviert . Die Wiederherstellung der Gefaessstrombahn steht unter der Praemisse , dass die Ischaemietoleranzzeit nutritiver Gefaesse nur 6-8 h betraegt . Begleitet die Gefaessverletzung Frakturen , insbesondere dislozierte Formen , so ist die primaere Frakturstabilisation wegen der Distanzvorgabe wichtig . Die Osteosynthese erfolgt in der Regel mit einem Fixateur externe . Sie muss in kurzer Zeit erfolgen , und moeglichst stabil sein . Die direkte Gefaessanastomosierung gelingt selten , gegebenenfalls bei Verkuerzung der Extremitaet . In der Regel wird eine autologe Vene interponiert . Rethrombosierung Infektion , Aneurysmen und arterio-venoese ( AU- ) Fisteln , sind Komplikationen oder Spaetfolgen von Gefaessverletzungen .	[ "Die", "rekonstruktive", "Versorgungspflicht", "betrifft", "2", "-", "4", "%", "der", "Gefaessverletzungen", ",", "bei", "Mehrfachverletzungen", "10", "%", ".", "Die", "Wiederherstellung", "der", "arteriellen", "Strombahn", "hat", "das", "Primat", ",", "da", "die", "Extremitaetengefaehrdung", "durch", "Venenverletzung", "wesentlich", "geringer", "ist", ".", "Die", "akuten", "Verletzungen", "entstehen", "durch", "scharfe", "oder", "stumpfe", "Gewalteinwirkungen", ".", "Der", "Gefaessschaden", "fuehrt", "entweder", "zum", "akuten", "Blutverlust", "oder", "zur", "Ausbildung", "von", "extremitaeren", "Kompressionssyndromen", ",", "die", "ueber", "zunehmende", "Perfusionsstoerungen", "den", "Gliedmassenerhalt", "in", "Frage", "stellen", "koennen", ",", "darueber", "hinaus", "aber", "durch", "die", "Reperfusionsphaenomene", "eine", "vitale", "Bedrohung", "des", "Verletzten", "darstellen", ".", "Die", "Diagnostik", "stuetzt", "sich", "auf", "die", "klinischen", "Phaenome", "und", "wird", "apparativ", "heute", "im", "wesentlichen", "durch", "die", "cw", "-", "Dopplersonographie", "oder", "die", "farbcodierte", "Duplexsonographie", "ermoeglicht", ".", "Die", "Angiographie", "ist", "nur", "noch", "fuer", "bestimmte", "Ausnahmefaelle", "reserviert", ".", "Die", "Wiederherstellung", "der", "Gefaessstrombahn", "steht", "unter", "der", "Praemisse", ",", "dass", "die", "Ischaemietoleranzzeit", "nutritiver", "Gefaesse", "nur", "6", "-", "8", "h", "betraegt", ".", "Begleitet", "die", "Gefaessverletzung", "Frakturen", ",", "insbesondere", "dislozierte", "Formen", ",", "so", "ist", "die", "primaere", "Frakturstabilisation", "wegen", "der", "Distanzvorgabe", "wichtig", ".", "Die", "Osteosynthese", "erfolgt", "in", "der", "Regel", "mit", "einem", "Fixateur", "externe", ".", "Sie", "muss", "in", "kurzer", "Zeit", "erfolgen", ",", "und", "moeglichst", "stabil", "sein", ".", "Die", "direkte", "Gefaessanastomosierung", "gelingt", "selten", ",", "gegebenenfalls", "bei", "Verkuerzung", "der", "Extremitaet", ".", "In", "der", "Regel", "wird", "eine", "autologe", "Vene", "interponiert", ".", "Rethrombosierung", "Infektion", ",", "Aneurysmen", "und", "arterio", "-", "venoese", "(", "AU-", ")", "Fisteln", ",", "sind", "Komplikationen", "oder", "Spaetfolgen", "von", "Gefaessverletzungen", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
S - adenosylmethionine decarboxylase is a GENE-Y	23543321_task0	Sentence: RNAi silencing of three homologues of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene in tapetal tissue of tomato results in male sterility. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	RNAi silencing of three homologues of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene in tapetal tissue of tomato results in male sterility.	[ "RNAi", "silencing", "of", "three", "homologues", "of", "S", "-", "adenosylmethionine", "decarboxylase", "gene", "in", "tapetal", "tissue", "of", "tomato", "results", "in", "male", "sterility", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]
S - adenosylmethionine decarboxylase is a GENE-Y	23543321_task1	Sentence: RNAi silencing of three homologues of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene in tapetal tissue of tomato results in male sterility. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: S - adenosylmethionine decarboxylase Options: GENE-Y	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	RNAi silencing of three homologues of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene in tapetal tissue of tomato results in male sterility.	[ "RNAi", "silencing", "of", "three", "homologues", "of", "S", "-", "adenosylmethionine", "decarboxylase", "gene", "in", "tapetal", "tissue", "of", "tomato", "results", "in", "male", "sterility", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]
S - adenosylmethionine decarboxylase	23543321_task2	Sentence: RNAi silencing of three homologues of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene in tapetal tissue of tomato results in male sterility. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	RNAi silencing of three homologues of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene in tapetal tissue of tomato results in male sterility.	[ "RNAi", "silencing", "of", "three", "homologues", "of", "S", "-", "adenosylmethionine", "decarboxylase", "gene", "in", "tapetal", "tissue", "of", "tomato", "results", "in", "male", "sterility", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]
Laermexposition is an umlsterm, Stereozilien is an umlsterm, Arbeit is an umlsterm, Verhalten is an umlsterm, Zelle is an umlsterm, Endolymphe is an umlsterm, Zelle is an umlsterm, Kationen is an umlsterm, Zelle is an umlsterm, Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit is an umlsterm	HNO.00480383.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Eine extreme Laermexposition ist bekannt dafuer , Schaedigungen des Gehoers hervorzurufen , die sich in permanenter oder temporaerer Schwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus manifestieren koennen . Vor allem die Stereozilien der Haarsinneszellen stellen einen sensiblen Angriffspunkt dar deren raemliche Ordnung und ihre Verbindungsfilamente ( Tip-Links ) : koennen zerstoert werden . In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Auswirkung einer pharmakologischen Zerstoerung der Tip-Links auf das elektrophysiologische Verhalten der Zelle untersucht . Es zeigte sich , dass die behandelten aeusseren Haarsinneszellen nicht mehr mechanosensitiv fuer nasische Stimuli waren , was die Wichtigkeit der Tip-Links bei der Reiztransduktion unterstreicht . Entgegen der allgemeinen Erwartung gingen die mechanoelektrischen Transduktionskanaele aber in einen offenen Zustand ueber . Durch die permanent offenen Kannaele stroemen dauerhaft hauptsaechlich K+- und Ca2+-Ionen aus der Endolymphe in die Zelle ein und fuehren zu einer Depolarisation . Dieser durch den Verlust der Tip-Links verursachte Einstrom von Kationen und die Depolarisation der Zelle koennen ein Teil der Ursache einer dem Schalltrauma begleitenden Symptomatik wie Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus sein . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Eine extreme Laermexposition ist bekannt dafuer , Schaedigungen des Gehoers hervorzurufen , die sich in permanenter oder temporaerer Schwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus manifestieren koennen . Vor allem die Stereozilien der Haarsinneszellen stellen einen sensiblen Angriffspunkt dar deren raemliche Ordnung und ihre Verbindungsfilamente ( Tip-Links ) : koennen zerstoert werden . In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Auswirkung einer pharmakologischen Zerstoerung der Tip-Links auf das elektrophysiologische Verhalten der Zelle untersucht . Es zeigte sich , dass die behandelten aeusseren Haarsinneszellen nicht mehr mechanosensitiv fuer nasische Stimuli waren , was die Wichtigkeit der Tip-Links bei der Reiztransduktion unterstreicht . Entgegen der allgemeinen Erwartung gingen die mechanoelektrischen Transduktionskanaele aber in einen offenen Zustand ueber . Durch die permanent offenen Kannaele stroemen dauerhaft hauptsaechlich K+- und Ca2+-Ionen aus der Endolymphe in die Zelle ein und fuehren zu einer Depolarisation . Dieser durch den Verlust der Tip-Links verursachte Einstrom von Kationen und die Depolarisation der Zelle koennen ein Teil der Ursache einer dem Schalltrauma begleitenden Symptomatik wie Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus sein .	[ "Eine", "extreme", "Laermexposition", "ist", "bekannt", "dafuer", ",", "Schaedigungen", "des", "Gehoers", "hervorzurufen", ",", "die", "sich", "in", "permanenter", "oder", "temporaerer", "Schwerhoerigkeit", "und", "Tinnitus", "manifestieren", "koennen", ".", "Vor", "allem", "die", "Stereozilien", "der", "Haarsinneszellen", "stellen", "einen", "sensiblen", "Angriffspunkt", "dar", "deren", "raemliche", "Ordnung", "und", "ihre", "Verbindungsfilamente", "(", "Tip", "-", "Links", ")", ":", "koennen", "zerstoert", "werden", ".", "In", "der", "vorliegenden", "Arbeit", "wurde", "die", "Auswirkung", "einer", "pharmakologischen", "Zerstoerung", "der", "Tip", "-", "Links", "auf", "das", "elektrophysiologische", "Verhalten", "der", "Zelle", "untersucht", ".", "Es", "zeigte", "sich", ",", "dass", "die", "behandelten", "aeusseren", "Haarsinneszellen", "nicht", "mehr", "mechanosensitiv", "fuer", "nasische", "Stimuli", "waren", ",", "was", "die", "Wichtigkeit", "der", "Tip", "-", "Links", "bei", "der", "Reiztransduktion", "unterstreicht", ".", "Entgegen", "der", "allgemeinen", "Erwartung", "gingen", "die", "mechanoelektrischen", "Transduktionskanaele", "aber", "in", "einen", "offenen", "Zustand", "ueber", ".", "Durch", "die", "permanent", "offenen", "Kannaele", "stroemen", "dauerhaft", "hauptsaechlich", "K+-", "und", "Ca2", "+", "-Ionen", "aus", "der", "Endolymphe", "in", "die", "Zelle", "ein", "und", "fuehren", "zu", "einer", "Depolarisation", ".", "Dieser", "durch", "den", "Verlust", "der", "Tip", "-", "Links", "verursachte", "Einstrom", "von", "Kationen", "und", "die", "Depolarisation", "der", "Zelle", "koennen", "ein", "Teil", "der", "Ursache", "einer", "dem", "Schalltrauma", "begleitenden", "Symptomatik", "wie", "Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit", "und", "Tinnitus", "sein", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Laermexposition is an umlsterm, Stereozilien is an umlsterm, Arbeit is an umlsterm, Verhalten is an umlsterm, Zelle is an umlsterm, Endolymphe is an umlsterm, Zelle is an umlsterm, Kationen is an umlsterm, Zelle is an umlsterm, Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit is an umlsterm	HNO.00480383.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Eine extreme Laermexposition ist bekannt dafuer , Schaedigungen des Gehoers hervorzurufen , die sich in permanenter oder temporaerer Schwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus manifestieren koennen . Vor allem die Stereozilien der Haarsinneszellen stellen einen sensiblen Angriffspunkt dar deren raemliche Ordnung und ihre Verbindungsfilamente ( Tip-Links ) : koennen zerstoert werden . In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Auswirkung einer pharmakologischen Zerstoerung der Tip-Links auf das elektrophysiologische Verhalten der Zelle untersucht . Es zeigte sich , dass die behandelten aeusseren Haarsinneszellen nicht mehr mechanosensitiv fuer nasische Stimuli waren , was die Wichtigkeit der Tip-Links bei der Reiztransduktion unterstreicht . Entgegen der allgemeinen Erwartung gingen die mechanoelektrischen Transduktionskanaele aber in einen offenen Zustand ueber . Durch die permanent offenen Kannaele stroemen dauerhaft hauptsaechlich K+- und Ca2+-Ionen aus der Endolymphe in die Zelle ein und fuehren zu einer Depolarisation . Dieser durch den Verlust der Tip-Links verursachte Einstrom von Kationen und die Depolarisation der Zelle koennen ein Teil der Ursache einer dem Schalltrauma begleitenden Symptomatik wie Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus sein . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Laermexposition, Stereozilien, Arbeit, Verhalten, Zelle, Endolymphe, Zelle, Kationen, Zelle, Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Eine extreme Laermexposition ist bekannt dafuer , Schaedigungen des Gehoers hervorzurufen , die sich in permanenter oder temporaerer Schwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus manifestieren koennen . Vor allem die Stereozilien der Haarsinneszellen stellen einen sensiblen Angriffspunkt dar deren raemliche Ordnung und ihre Verbindungsfilamente ( Tip-Links ) : koennen zerstoert werden . In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Auswirkung einer pharmakologischen Zerstoerung der Tip-Links auf das elektrophysiologische Verhalten der Zelle untersucht . Es zeigte sich , dass die behandelten aeusseren Haarsinneszellen nicht mehr mechanosensitiv fuer nasische Stimuli waren , was die Wichtigkeit der Tip-Links bei der Reiztransduktion unterstreicht . Entgegen der allgemeinen Erwartung gingen die mechanoelektrischen Transduktionskanaele aber in einen offenen Zustand ueber . Durch die permanent offenen Kannaele stroemen dauerhaft hauptsaechlich K+- und Ca2+-Ionen aus der Endolymphe in die Zelle ein und fuehren zu einer Depolarisation . Dieser durch den Verlust der Tip-Links verursachte Einstrom von Kationen und die Depolarisation der Zelle koennen ein Teil der Ursache einer dem Schalltrauma begleitenden Symptomatik wie Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus sein .	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Laermexposition, Stereozilien, Arbeit, Verhalten, Zelle, Endolymphe, Zelle, Kationen, Zelle, Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit	HNO.00480383.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Eine extreme Laermexposition ist bekannt dafuer , Schaedigungen des Gehoers hervorzurufen , die sich in permanenter oder temporaerer Schwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus manifestieren koennen . Vor allem die Stereozilien der Haarsinneszellen stellen einen sensiblen Angriffspunkt dar deren raemliche Ordnung und ihre Verbindungsfilamente ( Tip-Links ) : koennen zerstoert werden . In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Auswirkung einer pharmakologischen Zerstoerung der Tip-Links auf das elektrophysiologische Verhalten der Zelle untersucht . Es zeigte sich , dass die behandelten aeusseren Haarsinneszellen nicht mehr mechanosensitiv fuer nasische Stimuli waren , was die Wichtigkeit der Tip-Links bei der Reiztransduktion unterstreicht . Entgegen der allgemeinen Erwartung gingen die mechanoelektrischen Transduktionskanaele aber in einen offenen Zustand ueber . Durch die permanent offenen Kannaele stroemen dauerhaft hauptsaechlich K+- und Ca2+-Ionen aus der Endolymphe in die Zelle ein und fuehren zu einer Depolarisation . Dieser durch den Verlust der Tip-Links verursachte Einstrom von Kationen und die Depolarisation der Zelle koennen ein Teil der Ursache einer dem Schalltrauma begleitenden Symptomatik wie Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus sein . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Eine extreme Laermexposition ist bekannt dafuer , Schaedigungen des Gehoers hervorzurufen , die sich in permanenter oder temporaerer Schwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus manifestieren koennen . Vor allem die Stereozilien der Haarsinneszellen stellen einen sensiblen Angriffspunkt dar deren raemliche Ordnung und ihre Verbindungsfilamente ( Tip-Links ) : koennen zerstoert werden . In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Auswirkung einer pharmakologischen Zerstoerung der Tip-Links auf das elektrophysiologische Verhalten der Zelle untersucht . Es zeigte sich , dass die behandelten aeusseren Haarsinneszellen nicht mehr mechanosensitiv fuer nasische Stimuli waren , was die Wichtigkeit der Tip-Links bei der Reiztransduktion unterstreicht . Entgegen der allgemeinen Erwartung gingen die mechanoelektrischen Transduktionskanaele aber in einen offenen Zustand ueber . Durch die permanent offenen Kannaele stroemen dauerhaft hauptsaechlich K+- und Ca2+-Ionen aus der Endolymphe in die Zelle ein und fuehren zu einer Depolarisation . Dieser durch den Verlust der Tip-Links verursachte Einstrom von Kationen und die Depolarisation der Zelle koennen ein Teil der Ursache einer dem Schalltrauma begleitenden Symptomatik wie Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus sein .	[ "Eine", "extreme", "Laermexposition", "ist", "bekannt", "dafuer", ",", "Schaedigungen", "des", "Gehoers", "hervorzurufen", ",", "die", "sich", "in", "permanenter", "oder", "temporaerer", "Schwerhoerigkeit", "und", "Tinnitus", "manifestieren", "koennen", ".", "Vor", "allem", "die", "Stereozilien", "der", "Haarsinneszellen", "stellen", "einen", "sensiblen", "Angriffspunkt", "dar", "deren", "raemliche", "Ordnung", "und", "ihre", "Verbindungsfilamente", "(", "Tip", "-", "Links", ")", ":", "koennen", "zerstoert", "werden", ".", "In", "der", "vorliegenden", "Arbeit", "wurde", "die", "Auswirkung", "einer", "pharmakologischen", "Zerstoerung", "der", "Tip", "-", "Links", "auf", "das", "elektrophysiologische", "Verhalten", "der", "Zelle", "untersucht", ".", "Es", "zeigte", "sich", ",", "dass", "die", "behandelten", "aeusseren", "Haarsinneszellen", "nicht", "mehr", "mechanosensitiv", "fuer", "nasische", "Stimuli", "waren", ",", "was", "die", "Wichtigkeit", "der", "Tip", "-", "Links", "bei", "der", "Reiztransduktion", "unterstreicht", ".", "Entgegen", "der", "allgemeinen", "Erwartung", "gingen", "die", "mechanoelektrischen", "Transduktionskanaele", "aber", "in", "einen", "offenen", "Zustand", "ueber", ".", "Durch", "die", "permanent", "offenen", "Kannaele", "stroemen", "dauerhaft", "hauptsaechlich", "K+-", "und", "Ca2", "+", "-Ionen", "aus", "der", "Endolymphe", "in", "die", "Zelle", "ein", "und", "fuehren", "zu", "einer", "Depolarisation", ".", "Dieser", "durch", "den", "Verlust", "der", "Tip", "-", "Links", "verursachte", "Einstrom", "von", "Kationen", "und", "die", "Depolarisation", "der", "Zelle", "koennen", "ein", "Teil", "der", "Ursache", "einer", "dem", "Schalltrauma", "begleitenden", "Symptomatik", "wie", "Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit", "und", "Tinnitus", "sein", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Patienten is an umlsterm, Hypothermie is an umlsterm, Somnolenz is an umlsterm, Patient is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Bewusstseinsstoerung is an umlsterm, Hypothermie is an umlsterm, Rektaltemperatur is an umlsterm, Patient is an umlsterm, Wiedererwaermung is an umlsterm, Hypothermie is an umlsterm, Wiedererwaermung is an umlsterm, Herz - Lungen - Maschine is an umlsterm, Koerpertemperatur is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Temperaturanstieg is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Wiedererwaermung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.60451093.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Beschrieben wird die Kasuistik eines 35jaehrigen Patienten , der wegen akzidenteller Hypothermie intensivmedizinisch behandelt wurde . Aufgrund unklarer Somnolenz wurde der Patient vom aerztlichen Notdienst zur stationaeren Behandlung eingewiesen . Bei Aufnahme zeigte sich eine deutliche Bewusstseinsstoerung sowie eine Hypothermie mit einer Rektaltemperatur von 27,4 Grad C. Der Patient wurde zur Wiedererwaermung auf die Intensivstation verbracht . Die Reduktion der haemodynamischen Parameter entsprach dem Grad der Hypothermie , die stabile kardiozirkulatorische Situation ergab keine zwingende Indikation zur Wiedererwaermung mit der Herz-Lungen-Maschine . Statt dessen wurde die aktive Anhebung der Koerpertemperatur durch einen extrakorporalen , veno-venoesen Waermekreislauf durchgefuehrt , der aus einer Haemofiltrationspumpe und einem Waermetauscher bestand . Mit dieser Methode wurde ein durchschnittlicher Temperaturanstieg von 1,34 Grad C/h erreicht . Mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren wird eine effektive und gut steuerbare Methode zur Wiedererwaermung hypothermer Patienten vorgestellt , die - im Gegensatz zum kardiopulmonalen Bypass - aufgrund des geringen apparativen Aufwands auch an Kliniken mit niedriger Versorgungsstufe durchgefuehrt werden kann . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Beschrieben wird die Kasuistik eines 35jaehrigen Patienten , der wegen akzidenteller Hypothermie intensivmedizinisch behandelt wurde . Aufgrund unklarer Somnolenz wurde der Patient vom aerztlichen Notdienst zur stationaeren Behandlung eingewiesen . Bei Aufnahme zeigte sich eine deutliche Bewusstseinsstoerung sowie eine Hypothermie mit einer Rektaltemperatur von 27,4 Grad C. Der Patient wurde zur Wiedererwaermung auf die Intensivstation verbracht . Die Reduktion der haemodynamischen Parameter entsprach dem Grad der Hypothermie , die stabile kardiozirkulatorische Situation ergab keine zwingende Indikation zur Wiedererwaermung mit der Herz-Lungen-Maschine . Statt dessen wurde die aktive Anhebung der Koerpertemperatur durch einen extrakorporalen , veno-venoesen Waermekreislauf durchgefuehrt , der aus einer Haemofiltrationspumpe und einem Waermetauscher bestand . Mit dieser Methode wurde ein durchschnittlicher Temperaturanstieg von 1,34 Grad C/h erreicht . Mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren wird eine effektive und gut steuerbare Methode zur Wiedererwaermung hypothermer Patienten vorgestellt , die - im Gegensatz zum kardiopulmonalen Bypass - aufgrund des geringen apparativen Aufwands auch an Kliniken mit niedriger Versorgungsstufe durchgefuehrt werden kann .	[ "Beschrieben", "wird", "die", "Kasuistik", "eines", "35jaehrigen", "Patienten", ",", "der", "wegen", "akzidenteller", "Hypothermie", "intensivmedizinisch", "behandelt", "wurde", ".", "Aufgrund", "unklarer", "Somnolenz", "wurde", "der", "Patient", "vom", "aerztlichen", "Notdienst", "zur", "stationaeren", "Behandlung", "eingewiesen", ".", "Bei", "Aufnahme", "zeigte", "sich", "eine", "deutliche", "Bewusstseinsstoerung", "sowie", "eine", "Hypothermie", "mit", "einer", "Rektaltemperatur", "von", "27,4", "Grad", "C.", "Der", "Patient", "wurde", "zur", "Wiedererwaermung", "auf", "die", "Intensivstation", "verbracht", ".", "Die", "Reduktion", "der", "haemodynamischen", "Parameter", "entsprach", "dem", "Grad", "der", "Hypothermie", ",", "die", "stabile", "kardiozirkulatorische", "Situation", "ergab", "keine", "zwingende", "Indikation", "zur", "Wiedererwaermung", "mit", "der", "Herz", "-", "Lungen", "-", "Maschine", ".", "Statt", "dessen", "wurde", "die", "aktive", "Anhebung", "der", "Koerpertemperatur", "durch", "einen", "extrakorporalen", ",", "veno", "-", "venoesen", "Waermekreislauf", "durchgefuehrt", ",", "der", "aus", "einer", "Haemofiltrationspumpe", "und", "einem", "Waermetauscher", "bestand", ".", "Mit", "dieser", "Methode", "wurde", "ein", "durchschnittlicher", "Temperaturanstieg", "von", "1,34", "Grad", "C", "/", "h", "erreicht", ".", "Mit", "dem", "beschriebenen", "Verfahren", "wird", "eine", "effektive", "und", "gut", "steuerbare", "Methode", "zur", "Wiedererwaermung", "hypothermer", "Patienten", "vorgestellt", ",", "die", "-", "im", "Gegensatz", "zum", "kardiopulmonalen", "Bypass", "-", "aufgrund", "des", "geringen", "apparativen", "Aufwands", "auch", "an", "Kliniken", "mit", "niedriger", "Versorgungsstufe", "durchgefuehrt", "werden", "kann", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Patienten is an umlsterm, Hypothermie is an umlsterm, Somnolenz is an umlsterm, Patient is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Bewusstseinsstoerung is an umlsterm, Hypothermie is an umlsterm, Rektaltemperatur is an umlsterm, Patient is an umlsterm, Wiedererwaermung is an umlsterm, Hypothermie is an umlsterm, Wiedererwaermung is an umlsterm, Herz - Lungen - Maschine is an umlsterm, Koerpertemperatur is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Temperaturanstieg is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Wiedererwaermung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.60451093.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Beschrieben wird die Kasuistik eines 35jaehrigen Patienten , der wegen akzidenteller Hypothermie intensivmedizinisch behandelt wurde . Aufgrund unklarer Somnolenz wurde der Patient vom aerztlichen Notdienst zur stationaeren Behandlung eingewiesen . Bei Aufnahme zeigte sich eine deutliche Bewusstseinsstoerung sowie eine Hypothermie mit einer Rektaltemperatur von 27,4 Grad C. Der Patient wurde zur Wiedererwaermung auf die Intensivstation verbracht . Die Reduktion der haemodynamischen Parameter entsprach dem Grad der Hypothermie , die stabile kardiozirkulatorische Situation ergab keine zwingende Indikation zur Wiedererwaermung mit der Herz-Lungen-Maschine . Statt dessen wurde die aktive Anhebung der Koerpertemperatur durch einen extrakorporalen , veno-venoesen Waermekreislauf durchgefuehrt , der aus einer Haemofiltrationspumpe und einem Waermetauscher bestand . Mit dieser Methode wurde ein durchschnittlicher Temperaturanstieg von 1,34 Grad C/h erreicht . Mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren wird eine effektive und gut steuerbare Methode zur Wiedererwaermung hypothermer Patienten vorgestellt , die - im Gegensatz zum kardiopulmonalen Bypass - aufgrund des geringen apparativen Aufwands auch an Kliniken mit niedriger Versorgungsstufe durchgefuehrt werden kann . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Patienten, Hypothermie, Somnolenz, Patient, Behandlung, Bewusstseinsstoerung, Hypothermie, Rektaltemperatur, Patient, Wiedererwaermung, Hypothermie, Wiedererwaermung, Herz - Lungen - Maschine, Koerpertemperatur, Methode, Temperaturanstieg, Methode, Wiedererwaermung, Patienten Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Beschrieben wird die Kasuistik eines 35jaehrigen Patienten , der wegen akzidenteller Hypothermie intensivmedizinisch behandelt wurde . Aufgrund unklarer Somnolenz wurde der Patient vom aerztlichen Notdienst zur stationaeren Behandlung eingewiesen . Bei Aufnahme zeigte sich eine deutliche Bewusstseinsstoerung sowie eine Hypothermie mit einer Rektaltemperatur von 27,4 Grad C. Der Patient wurde zur Wiedererwaermung auf die Intensivstation verbracht . Die Reduktion der haemodynamischen Parameter entsprach dem Grad der Hypothermie , die stabile kardiozirkulatorische Situation ergab keine zwingende Indikation zur Wiedererwaermung mit der Herz-Lungen-Maschine . Statt dessen wurde die aktive Anhebung der Koerpertemperatur durch einen extrakorporalen , veno-venoesen Waermekreislauf durchgefuehrt , der aus einer Haemofiltrationspumpe und einem Waermetauscher bestand . Mit dieser Methode wurde ein durchschnittlicher Temperaturanstieg von 1,34 Grad C/h erreicht . Mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren wird eine effektive und gut steuerbare Methode zur Wiedererwaermung hypothermer Patienten vorgestellt , die - im Gegensatz zum kardiopulmonalen Bypass - aufgrund des geringen apparativen Aufwands auch an Kliniken mit niedriger Versorgungsstufe durchgefuehrt werden kann .	[ "Beschrieben", "wird", "die", "Kasuistik", "eines", "35jaehrigen", "Patienten", ",", "der", "wegen", "akzidenteller", "Hypothermie", "intensivmedizinisch", "behandelt", "wurde", ".", "Aufgrund", "unklarer", "Somnolenz", "wurde", "der", "Patient", "vom", "aerztlichen", "Notdienst", "zur", "stationaeren", "Behandlung", "eingewiesen", ".", "Bei", "Aufnahme", "zeigte", "sich", "eine", "deutliche", "Bewusstseinsstoerung", "sowie", "eine", "Hypothermie", "mit", "einer", "Rektaltemperatur", "von", "27,4", "Grad", "C.", "Der", "Patient", "wurde", "zur", "Wiedererwaermung", "auf", "die", "Intensivstation", "verbracht", ".", "Die", "Reduktion", "der", "haemodynamischen", "Parameter", "entsprach", "dem", "Grad", "der", "Hypothermie", ",", "die", "stabile", "kardiozirkulatorische", "Situation", "ergab", "keine", "zwingende", "Indikation", "zur", "Wiedererwaermung", "mit", "der", "Herz", "-", "Lungen", "-", "Maschine", ".", "Statt", "dessen", "wurde", "die", "aktive", "Anhebung", "der", "Koerpertemperatur", "durch", "einen", "extrakorporalen", ",", "veno", "-", "venoesen", "Waermekreislauf", "durchgefuehrt", ",", "der", "aus", "einer", "Haemofiltrationspumpe", "und", "einem", "Waermetauscher", "bestand", ".", "Mit", "dieser", "Methode", "wurde", "ein", "durchschnittlicher", "Temperaturanstieg", "von", "1,34", "Grad", "C", "/", "h", "erreicht", ".", "Mit", "dem", "beschriebenen", "Verfahren", "wird", "eine", "effektive", "und", "gut", "steuerbare", "Methode", "zur", "Wiedererwaermung", "hypothermer", "Patienten", "vorgestellt", ",", "die", "-", "im", "Gegensatz", "zum", "kardiopulmonalen", "Bypass", "-", "aufgrund", "des", "geringen", "apparativen", "Aufwands", "auch", "an", "Kliniken", "mit", "niedriger", "Versorgungsstufe", "durchgefuehrt", "werden", "kann", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Patienten, Hypothermie, Somnolenz, Patient, Behandlung, Bewusstseinsstoerung, Hypothermie, Rektaltemperatur, Patient, Wiedererwaermung, Hypothermie, Wiedererwaermung, Herz - Lungen - Maschine, Koerpertemperatur, Methode, Temperaturanstieg, Methode, Wiedererwaermung, Patienten	DerAnaesthesist.60451093.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Beschrieben wird die Kasuistik eines 35jaehrigen Patienten , der wegen akzidenteller Hypothermie intensivmedizinisch behandelt wurde . Aufgrund unklarer Somnolenz wurde der Patient vom aerztlichen Notdienst zur stationaeren Behandlung eingewiesen . Bei Aufnahme zeigte sich eine deutliche Bewusstseinsstoerung sowie eine Hypothermie mit einer Rektaltemperatur von 27,4 Grad C. Der Patient wurde zur Wiedererwaermung auf die Intensivstation verbracht . Die Reduktion der haemodynamischen Parameter entsprach dem Grad der Hypothermie , die stabile kardiozirkulatorische Situation ergab keine zwingende Indikation zur Wiedererwaermung mit der Herz-Lungen-Maschine . Statt dessen wurde die aktive Anhebung der Koerpertemperatur durch einen extrakorporalen , veno-venoesen Waermekreislauf durchgefuehrt , der aus einer Haemofiltrationspumpe und einem Waermetauscher bestand . Mit dieser Methode wurde ein durchschnittlicher Temperaturanstieg von 1,34 Grad C/h erreicht . Mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren wird eine effektive und gut steuerbare Methode zur Wiedererwaermung hypothermer Patienten vorgestellt , die - im Gegensatz zum kardiopulmonalen Bypass - aufgrund des geringen apparativen Aufwands auch an Kliniken mit niedriger Versorgungsstufe durchgefuehrt werden kann . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Beschrieben wird die Kasuistik eines 35jaehrigen Patienten , der wegen akzidenteller Hypothermie intensivmedizinisch behandelt wurde . Aufgrund unklarer Somnolenz wurde der Patient vom aerztlichen Notdienst zur stationaeren Behandlung eingewiesen . Bei Aufnahme zeigte sich eine deutliche Bewusstseinsstoerung sowie eine Hypothermie mit einer Rektaltemperatur von 27,4 Grad C. Der Patient wurde zur Wiedererwaermung auf die Intensivstation verbracht . Die Reduktion der haemodynamischen Parameter entsprach dem Grad der Hypothermie , die stabile kardiozirkulatorische Situation ergab keine zwingende Indikation zur Wiedererwaermung mit der Herz-Lungen-Maschine . Statt dessen wurde die aktive Anhebung der Koerpertemperatur durch einen extrakorporalen , veno-venoesen Waermekreislauf durchgefuehrt , der aus einer Haemofiltrationspumpe und einem Waermetauscher bestand . Mit dieser Methode wurde ein durchschnittlicher Temperaturanstieg von 1,34 Grad C/h erreicht . Mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren wird eine effektive und gut steuerbare Methode zur Wiedererwaermung hypothermer Patienten vorgestellt , die - im Gegensatz zum kardiopulmonalen Bypass - aufgrund des geringen apparativen Aufwands auch an Kliniken mit niedriger Versorgungsstufe durchgefuehrt werden kann .	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nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, node is a Multi-tissue_structure, lung cancer is a Cancer, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, cancers is a Cancer, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, sites is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, lung cancers is a Cancer, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, primary cancers is a Cancer, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, primary cancers is a Cancer, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, lung cancers is a Cancer, patients is a Organism, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, patients is a Organism, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, patients is a Organism, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, node - positive lung cancers is a Cancer, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, patients is a Organism	32_task0	Sentence: Immunohistochemical analysis of nm23-H1 gene product in node-positive lung cancer and lymph nodes. The nm23-H1 gene product has been considered as an anti-metastatic protein and the level of its expression has been reported to correlate inversely with metastatic potential in some cancers. However, the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in the metastatic sites have not been studied in detail. We examined the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in surgically resected 46 pairs of primary lung cancers and metastatic lymph nodes by immunohistochemistry. The positive staining of nm23-H1 gene product in primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes were observed in 56.5 and 67.4%, respectively. The heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression between primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes was observed in 41.3%. No correlations were found between the nm23-H1 gene product expression in lung cancers and the patients survival. No significant association was also observed between nm23-H1 gene product expression in lymph nodes and the patients survival. There was, furthermore, no correlation between the heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression and the patients survival. In conclusion, the level of nm23-H1 gene product expression does not significantly reveal prognostic value in node-positive lung cancers. Expression of nm23-H1 gene product in metastatic lymph nodes was also unrelated to patients survival. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Multi-tissue_structure, Organism, Cancer, Gene_or_gene_product	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "I-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "I-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "I-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "I-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "O", "O", "B-Organism", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "I-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "B-Organism", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "I-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism", "O", "O", "O" ]	Immunohistochemical analysis of nm23-H1 gene product in node-positive lung cancer and lymph nodes. The nm23-H1 gene product has been considered as an anti-metastatic protein and the level of its expression has been reported to correlate inversely with metastatic potential in some cancers. However, the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in the metastatic sites have not been studied in detail. We examined the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in surgically resected 46 pairs of primary lung cancers and metastatic lymph nodes by immunohistochemistry. The positive staining of nm23-H1 gene product in primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes were observed in 56.5 and 67.4%, respectively. The heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression between primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes was observed in 41.3%. No correlations were found between the nm23-H1 gene product expression in lung cancers and the patients survival. No significant association was also observed between nm23-H1 gene product expression in lymph nodes and the patients survival. There was, furthermore, no correlation between the heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression and the patients survival. In conclusion, the level of nm23-H1 gene product expression does not significantly reveal prognostic value in node-positive lung cancers. Expression of nm23-H1 gene product in metastatic lymph nodes was also unrelated to patients survival.	[ "Immunohistochemical", "analysis", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "in", "node", "-", "positive", "lung", "cancer", "and", "lymph", "nodes", ".", "\n", "The", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "has", "been", "considered", "as", "an", "anti", "-", "metastatic", "protein", "and", "the", "level", "of", "its", "expression", "has", "been", "reported", "to", "correlate", "inversely", "with", "metastatic", "potential", "in", "some", "cancers", ".", "However", ",", "the", "expression", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "in", "the", "metastatic", "sites", "have", "not", "been", "studied", "in", "detail", ".", "We", "examined", "the", "expression", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "in", "surgically", "resected", "46", "pairs", "of", "primary", "lung", "cancers", "and", "metastatic", "lymph", "nodes", "by", "immunohistochemistry", ".", "The", "positive", "staining", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "in", "primary", "cancers", "and", "metastatic", "lymph", "nodes", "were", "observed", "in", "56.5", "and", "67.4", "%", ",", "respectively", ".", "The", "heterogeneity", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "expression", "between", "primary", "cancers", "and", "metastatic", "lymph", "nodes", "was", "observed", "in", "41.3", "%", ".", "No", "correlations", "were", "found", "between", "the", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "expression", "in", "lung", "cancers", "and", "the", "patients", "survival", ".", "No", "significant", "association", "was", "also", "observed", "between", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "expression", "in", "lymph", "nodes", "and", "the", "patients", "survival", ".", "There", "was", ",", "furthermore", ",", "no", "correlation", "between", "the", "heterogeneity", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "expression", "and", "the", "patients", "survival", ".", "In", "conclusion", ",", "the", "level", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "expression", "does", "not", "significantly", "reveal", "prognostic", "value", "in", "node", "-", "positive", "lung", "cancers", ".", "Expression", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "in", "metastatic", "lymph", "nodes", "was", "also", "unrelated", "to", "patients", "survival", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Cancer", "Multi-tissue_structure", "Organism", "Gene_or_gene_product" ]
nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, node is a Multi-tissue_structure, lung cancer is a Cancer, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, cancers is a Cancer, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, sites is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, lung cancers is a Cancer, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, primary cancers is a Cancer, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, primary cancers is a Cancer, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, lung cancers is a Cancer, patients is a Organism, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, patients is a Organism, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, patients is a Organism, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, node - positive lung cancers is a Cancer, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, patients is a Organism	32_task1	Sentence: Immunohistochemical analysis of nm23-H1 gene product in node-positive lung cancer and lymph nodes. The nm23-H1 gene product has been considered as an anti-metastatic protein and the level of its expression has been reported to correlate inversely with metastatic potential in some cancers. However, the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in the metastatic sites have not been studied in detail. We examined the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in surgically resected 46 pairs of primary lung cancers and metastatic lymph nodes by immunohistochemistry. The positive staining of nm23-H1 gene product in primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes were observed in 56.5 and 67.4%, respectively. The heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression between primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes was observed in 41.3%. No correlations were found between the nm23-H1 gene product expression in lung cancers and the patients survival. No significant association was also observed between nm23-H1 gene product expression in lymph nodes and the patients survival. There was, furthermore, no correlation between the heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression and the patients survival. In conclusion, the level of nm23-H1 gene product expression does not significantly reveal prognostic value in node-positive lung cancers. Expression of nm23-H1 gene product in metastatic lymph nodes was also unrelated to patients survival. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: nm23-H1, node, lung cancer, lymph nodes, nm23-H1, cancers, nm23-H1, sites, nm23-H1, lung cancers, lymph nodes, nm23-H1, primary cancers, lymph nodes, nm23-H1, primary cancers, lymph nodes, nm23-H1, lung cancers, patients, nm23-H1, lymph nodes, patients, nm23-H1, patients, nm23-H1, node - positive lung cancers, nm23-H1, lymph nodes, patients Options: Multi-tissue_structure, Organism, Cancer, Gene_or_gene_product	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "I-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "I-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "I-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "I-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "O", "O", "B-Organism", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "I-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "B-Organism", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "I-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism", "O", "O", "O" ]	Immunohistochemical analysis of nm23-H1 gene product in node-positive lung cancer and lymph nodes. The nm23-H1 gene product has been considered as an anti-metastatic protein and the level of its expression has been reported to correlate inversely with metastatic potential in some cancers. However, the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in the metastatic sites have not been studied in detail. We examined the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in surgically resected 46 pairs of primary lung cancers and metastatic lymph nodes by immunohistochemistry. The positive staining of nm23-H1 gene product in primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes were observed in 56.5 and 67.4%, respectively. The heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression between primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes was observed in 41.3%. No correlations were found between the nm23-H1 gene product expression in lung cancers and the patients survival. No significant association was also observed between nm23-H1 gene product expression in lymph nodes and the patients survival. There was, furthermore, no correlation between the heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression and the patients survival. In conclusion, the level of nm23-H1 gene product expression does not significantly reveal prognostic value in node-positive lung cancers. Expression of nm23-H1 gene product in metastatic lymph nodes was also unrelated to patients survival.	[ "Immunohistochemical", "analysis", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "in", "node", "-", "positive", "lung", "cancer", "and", "lymph", "nodes", ".", "\n", "The", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "has", "been", "considered", "as", "an", "anti", "-", "metastatic", "protein", "and", "the", "level", "of", "its", "expression", "has", "been", "reported", "to", "correlate", "inversely", "with", "metastatic", "potential", "in", "some", "cancers", ".", "However", ",", "the", "expression", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "in", "the", "metastatic", "sites", "have", "not", "been", "studied", "in", "detail", ".", "We", "examined", "the", "expression", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "in", "surgically", "resected", "46", "pairs", "of", "primary", "lung", "cancers", "and", "metastatic", "lymph", "nodes", "by", "immunohistochemistry", ".", "The", "positive", "staining", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "in", "primary", "cancers", "and", "metastatic", "lymph", "nodes", "were", "observed", "in", "56.5", "and", "67.4", "%", ",", "respectively", ".", "The", "heterogeneity", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "expression", "between", "primary", "cancers", "and", "metastatic", "lymph", "nodes", "was", "observed", "in", "41.3", "%", ".", "No", "correlations", "were", "found", "between", "the", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "expression", "in", "lung", "cancers", "and", "the", "patients", "survival", ".", "No", "significant", "association", "was", "also", "observed", "between", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "expression", "in", "lymph", "nodes", "and", "the", "patients", "survival", ".", "There", "was", ",", "furthermore", ",", "no", "correlation", "between", "the", "heterogeneity", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "expression", "and", "the", "patients", "survival", ".", "In", "conclusion", ",", "the", "level", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "expression", "does", "not", "significantly", "reveal", "prognostic", "value", "in", "node", "-", "positive", "lung", "cancers", ".", "Expression", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "in", "metastatic", "lymph", "nodes", "was", "also", "unrelated", "to", "patients", "survival", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Cancer", "Multi-tissue_structure", "Organism", "Gene_or_gene_product" ]
nm23-H1, node, lung cancer, lymph nodes, nm23-H1, cancers, nm23-H1, sites, nm23-H1, lung cancers, lymph nodes, nm23-H1, primary cancers, lymph nodes, nm23-H1, primary cancers, lymph nodes, nm23-H1, lung cancers, patients, nm23-H1, lymph nodes, patients, nm23-H1, patients, nm23-H1, node - positive lung cancers, nm23-H1, lymph nodes, patients	32_task2	Sentence: Immunohistochemical analysis of nm23-H1 gene product in node-positive lung cancer and lymph nodes. The nm23-H1 gene product has been considered as an anti-metastatic protein and the level of its expression has been reported to correlate inversely with metastatic potential in some cancers. However, the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in the metastatic sites have not been studied in detail. We examined the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in surgically resected 46 pairs of primary lung cancers and metastatic lymph nodes by immunohistochemistry. The positive staining of nm23-H1 gene product in primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes were observed in 56.5 and 67.4%, respectively. The heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression between primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes was observed in 41.3%. No correlations were found between the nm23-H1 gene product expression in lung cancers and the patients survival. No significant association was also observed between nm23-H1 gene product expression in lymph nodes and the patients survival. There was, furthermore, no correlation between the heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression and the patients survival. In conclusion, the level of nm23-H1 gene product expression does not significantly reveal prognostic value in node-positive lung cancers. Expression of nm23-H1 gene product in metastatic lymph nodes was also unrelated to patients survival. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "I-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "I-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "I-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "I-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "O", "O", "B-Organism", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "I-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "B-Organism", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "I-Cancer", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Multi-tissue_structure", "I-Multi-tissue_structure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism", "O", "O", "O" ]	Immunohistochemical analysis of nm23-H1 gene product in node-positive lung cancer and lymph nodes. The nm23-H1 gene product has been considered as an anti-metastatic protein and the level of its expression has been reported to correlate inversely with metastatic potential in some cancers. However, the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in the metastatic sites have not been studied in detail. We examined the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in surgically resected 46 pairs of primary lung cancers and metastatic lymph nodes by immunohistochemistry. The positive staining of nm23-H1 gene product in primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes were observed in 56.5 and 67.4%, respectively. The heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression between primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes was observed in 41.3%. No correlations were found between the nm23-H1 gene product expression in lung cancers and the patients survival. No significant association was also observed between nm23-H1 gene product expression in lymph nodes and the patients survival. There was, furthermore, no correlation between the heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression and the patients survival. In conclusion, the level of nm23-H1 gene product expression does not significantly reveal prognostic value in node-positive lung cancers. Expression of nm23-H1 gene product in metastatic lymph nodes was also unrelated to patients survival.	[ "Immunohistochemical", "analysis", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "in", "node", "-", "positive", "lung", "cancer", "and", "lymph", "nodes", ".", "\n", "The", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "has", "been", "considered", "as", "an", "anti", "-", "metastatic", "protein", "and", "the", "level", "of", "its", "expression", "has", "been", "reported", "to", "correlate", "inversely", "with", "metastatic", "potential", "in", "some", "cancers", ".", "However", ",", "the", "expression", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "in", "the", "metastatic", "sites", "have", "not", "been", "studied", "in", "detail", ".", "We", "examined", "the", "expression", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "in", "surgically", "resected", "46", "pairs", "of", "primary", "lung", "cancers", "and", "metastatic", "lymph", "nodes", "by", "immunohistochemistry", ".", "The", "positive", "staining", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "in", "primary", "cancers", "and", "metastatic", "lymph", "nodes", "were", "observed", "in", "56.5", "and", "67.4", "%", ",", "respectively", ".", "The", "heterogeneity", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "expression", "between", "primary", "cancers", "and", "metastatic", "lymph", "nodes", "was", "observed", "in", "41.3", "%", ".", "No", "correlations", "were", "found", "between", "the", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "expression", "in", "lung", "cancers", "and", "the", "patients", "survival", ".", "No", "significant", "association", "was", "also", "observed", "between", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "expression", "in", "lymph", "nodes", "and", "the", "patients", "survival", ".", "There", "was", ",", "furthermore", ",", "no", "correlation", "between", "the", "heterogeneity", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "expression", "and", "the", "patients", "survival", ".", "In", "conclusion", ",", "the", "level", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "expression", "does", "not", "significantly", "reveal", "prognostic", "value", "in", "node", "-", "positive", "lung", "cancers", ".", "Expression", "of", "nm23-H1", "gene", "product", "in", "metastatic", "lymph", "nodes", "was", "also", "unrelated", "to", "patients", "survival", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Cancer", "Multi-tissue_structure", "Organism", "Gene_or_gene_product" ]
infectious diseases is an umlsterm, signs is an umlsterm, symptoms is an umlsterm, People is an umlsterm, deficiency is an umlsterm, infections is an umlsterm, History is an umlsterm, physical examination is an umlsterm, laboratory tests is an umlsterm, microbiological is an umlsterm, tests is an umlsterm, imaging is an umlsterm, methods is an umlsterm, exact is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, differential diagnosis is an umlsterm, autoimmune diseases is an umlsterm, amyloidosis is an umlsterm, malignant lymphoma is an umlsterm	DerRadiologe.00400495.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Chronic infectious diseases may run over many months and years , accompanied by only mild clinical signs and often without organ-specific symptoms . People with any kind of immuno deficiency are more frequently affected by chronic infections . History , physical examination , laboratory tests , microbiological tests and imaging methods may lead to an exact diagnosis . The most important differential diagnosis are autoimmune diseases , amyloidosis and malignant lymphoma . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	Chronic infectious diseases may run over many months and years , accompanied by only mild clinical signs and often without organ-specific symptoms . People with any kind of immuno deficiency are more frequently affected by chronic infections . History , physical examination , laboratory tests , microbiological tests and imaging methods may lead to an exact diagnosis . The most important differential diagnosis are autoimmune diseases , amyloidosis and malignant lymphoma .	[ "Chronic", "infectious", "diseases", "may", "run", "over", "many", "months", "and", "years", ",", "accompanied", "by", "only", "mild", "clinical", "signs", "and", "often", "without", "organ", "-", "specific", "symptoms", ".", "People", "with", "any", "kind", "of", "immuno", "deficiency", "are", "more", "frequently", "affected", "by", "chronic", "infections", ".", "History", ",", "physical", "examination", ",", "laboratory", "tests", ",", "microbiological", "tests", "and", "imaging", "methods", "may", "lead", "to", "an", "exact", "diagnosis", ".", "The", "most", "important", "differential", "diagnosis", "are", "autoimmune", "diseases", ",", "amyloidosis", "and", "malignant", "lymphoma", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
infectious diseases is an umlsterm, signs is an umlsterm, symptoms is an umlsterm, People is an umlsterm, deficiency is an umlsterm, infections is an umlsterm, History is an umlsterm, physical examination is an umlsterm, laboratory tests is an umlsterm, microbiological is an umlsterm, tests is an umlsterm, imaging is an umlsterm, methods is an umlsterm, exact is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, differential diagnosis is an umlsterm, autoimmune diseases is an umlsterm, amyloidosis is an umlsterm, malignant lymphoma is an umlsterm	DerRadiologe.00400495.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Chronic infectious diseases may run over many months and years , accompanied by only mild clinical signs and often without organ-specific symptoms . People with any kind of immuno deficiency are more frequently affected by chronic infections . History , physical examination , laboratory tests , microbiological tests and imaging methods may lead to an exact diagnosis . The most important differential diagnosis are autoimmune diseases , amyloidosis and malignant lymphoma . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: infectious diseases, signs, symptoms, People, deficiency, infections, History, physical examination, laboratory tests, microbiological, tests, imaging, methods, exact, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, autoimmune diseases, amyloidosis, malignant lymphoma Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	Chronic infectious diseases may run over many months and years , accompanied by only mild clinical signs and often without organ-specific symptoms . People with any kind of immuno deficiency are more frequently affected by chronic infections . History , physical examination , laboratory tests , microbiological tests and imaging methods may lead to an exact diagnosis . The most important differential diagnosis are autoimmune diseases , amyloidosis and malignant lymphoma .	[ "Chronic", "infectious", "diseases", "may", "run", "over", "many", "months", "and", "years", ",", "accompanied", "by", "only", "mild", "clinical", "signs", "and", "often", "without", "organ", "-", "specific", "symptoms", ".", "People", "with", "any", "kind", "of", "immuno", "deficiency", "are", "more", "frequently", "affected", "by", "chronic", "infections", ".", "History", ",", "physical", "examination", ",", "laboratory", "tests", ",", "microbiological", "tests", "and", "imaging", "methods", "may", "lead", "to", "an", "exact", "diagnosis", ".", "The", "most", "important", "differential", "diagnosis", "are", "autoimmune", "diseases", ",", "amyloidosis", "and", "malignant", "lymphoma", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
infectious diseases, signs, symptoms, People, deficiency, infections, History, physical examination, laboratory tests, microbiological, tests, imaging, methods, exact, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, autoimmune diseases, amyloidosis, malignant lymphoma	DerRadiologe.00400495.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Chronic infectious diseases may run over many months and years , accompanied by only mild clinical signs and often without organ-specific symptoms . People with any kind of immuno deficiency are more frequently affected by chronic infections . History , physical examination , laboratory tests , microbiological tests and imaging methods may lead to an exact diagnosis . The most important differential diagnosis are autoimmune diseases , amyloidosis and malignant lymphoma . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	Chronic infectious diseases may run over many months and years , accompanied by only mild clinical signs and often without organ-specific symptoms . People with any kind of immuno deficiency are more frequently affected by chronic infections . History , physical examination , laboratory tests , microbiological tests and imaging methods may lead to an exact diagnosis . The most important differential diagnosis are autoimmune diseases , amyloidosis and malignant lymphoma .	[ "Chronic", "infectious", "diseases", "may", "run", "over", "many", "months", "and", "years", ",", "accompanied", "by", "only", "mild", "clinical", "signs", "and", "often", "without", "organ", "-", "specific", "symptoms", ".", "People", "with", "any", "kind", "of", "immuno", "deficiency", "are", "more", "frequently", "affected", "by", "chronic", "infections", ".", "History", ",", "physical", "examination", ",", "laboratory", "tests", ",", "microbiological", "tests", "and", "imaging", "methods", "may", "lead", "to", "an", "exact", "diagnosis", ".", "The", "most", "important", "differential", "diagnosis", "are", "autoimmune", "diseases", ",", "amyloidosis", "and", "malignant", "lymphoma", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
fenretinide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, superficial bladder cancer is a Participant_Condition, synthetic retinoid fenretinide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, no intervention is a Intervention_Control, proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms is a Outcome_Physical, abnormal cytological examinations is a Outcome_Physical, response biomarker is a Outcome_Physical, Recurrence - free survival is a Outcome_Mortality, dark adaptability is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, mild dermatological alterations is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, content distribution is a Outcome_Physical, morphology of urothelial cells is a Outcome_Physical	4767_task0	Sentence: Randomized trial of fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry as an intermediate end point . Retinoids have shown a potential activity in preventing tumor recurrence in superficial bladder cancer . We assessed the activity of the synthetic retinoid fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry and conventional cytology as surrogate biomarkers . A total of 99 subjects with resected superficial bladder cancer ( pTa , pT1 ) were randomized to either fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o . for 24 months ) or no intervention . Cystoscopy and bladder washing for DNA flow cytometry end points ( proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms , hyperdiploid fraction , and percentage of apoptotic cells ) and proportion of abnormal cytological examinations were repeated every 4 months for up to 36 months . The primary study end point was the proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms after 12 months . This figure was 48.9 % in the fenretinide arm and 41.9 % in the control arm ( odds ratio , 1.16 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.44-3.07 ) . There was no difference in any other response biomarker between the two groups up to 36 months , nor was any biomarker able to predict recurrence risk . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between the arms ( 27 events in the fenretinide arm versus 21 in the control arm ; P = 0.36 ) . Twelve subjects in the fenretinide arm complained of diminished dark adaptability , and nine subjects in the fenretinide arm versus one control subject had mild dermatological alterations . We conclude that fenretinide showed a lack of effect on the DNA content distribution and the morphology of urothelial cells obtained in serial bladder washings . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between groups . Because our data are hampered by the lack of predictivity of the selected biomarkers , additional studies are necessary to assess the activity of fenretinide in preventing bladder cancer . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Mortality, Outcome_Physical	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Randomized trial of fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry as an intermediate end point . Retinoids have shown a potential activity in preventing tumor recurrence in superficial bladder cancer . We assessed the activity of the synthetic retinoid fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry and conventional cytology as surrogate biomarkers . A total of 99 subjects with resected superficial bladder cancer ( pTa , pT1 ) were randomized to either fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o . for 24 months ) or no intervention . Cystoscopy and bladder washing for DNA flow cytometry end points ( proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms , hyperdiploid fraction , and percentage of apoptotic cells ) and proportion of abnormal cytological examinations were repeated every 4 months for up to 36 months . The primary study end point was the proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms after 12 months . This figure was 48.9 % in the fenretinide arm and 41.9 % in the control arm ( odds ratio , 1.16 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.44-3.07 ) . There was no difference in any other response biomarker between the two groups up to 36 months , nor was any biomarker able to predict recurrence risk . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between the arms ( 27 events in the fenretinide arm versus 21 in the control arm ; P = 0.36 ) . Twelve subjects in the fenretinide arm complained of diminished dark adaptability , and nine subjects in the fenretinide arm versus one control subject had mild dermatological alterations . We conclude that fenretinide showed a lack of effect on the DNA content distribution and the morphology of urothelial cells obtained in serial bladder washings . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between groups . Because our data are hampered by the lack of predictivity of the selected biomarkers , additional studies are necessary to assess the activity of fenretinide in preventing bladder cancer .	[ "Randomized", "trial", "of", "fenretinide", "in", "superficial", "bladder", "cancer", "using", "DNA", "flow", "cytometry", "as", "an", "intermediate", "end", "point", ".", "Retinoids", "have", "shown", "a", "potential", "activity", "in", "preventing", "tumor", "recurrence", "in", "superficial", "bladder", "cancer", ".", "We", "assessed", "the", "activity", "of", "the", "synthetic", "retinoid", "fenretinide", "in", "superficial", "bladder", "cancer", "using", "DNA", "flow", "cytometry", "and", "conventional", "cytology", "as", "surrogate", "biomarkers", ".", "A", "total", "of", "99", "subjects", "with", "resected", "superficial", "bladder", "cancer", "(", "pTa", ",", "pT1", ")", "were", "randomized", "to", "either", "fenretinide", "(", "200", "mg", "day", "p.o", ".", "for", "24", "months", ")", "or", "no", "intervention", ".", "Cystoscopy", "and", "bladder", "washing", "for", "DNA", "flow", "cytometry", "end", "points", "(", "proportion", "of", "DNA", "aneuploid", "histograms", ",", "hyperdiploid", "fraction", ",", "and", "percentage", "of", "apoptotic", "cells", ")", "and", "proportion", "of", "abnormal", "cytological", "examinations", "were", "repeated", "every", "4", "months", "for", "up", "to", "36", "months", ".", "The", "primary", "study", "end", "point", "was", "the", "proportion", "of", "DNA", "aneuploid", "histograms", "after", "12", "months", ".", "This", "figure", "was", "48.9", "%", "in", "the", "fenretinide", "arm", "and", "41.9", "%", "in", "the", "control", "arm", "(", "odds", "ratio", ",", "1.16", ";", "95", "%", "confidence", "interval", ",", "0.44", "-", "3.07", ")", ".", "There", "was", "no", "difference", "in", "any", "other", "response", "biomarker", "between", "the", "two", "groups", "up", "to", "36", "months", ",", "nor", "was", "any", "biomarker", "able", "to", "predict", "recurrence", "risk", ".", "Recurrence", "-", "free", "survival", "was", "comparable", "between", "the", "arms", "(", "27", "events", "in", "the", "fenretinide", "arm", "versus", "21", "in", "the", "control", "arm", ";", "P", "=", "0.36", ")", ".", "Twelve", "subjects", "in", "the", "fenretinide", "arm", "complained", "of", "diminished", "dark", "adaptability", ",", "and", "nine", "subjects", "in", "the", "fenretinide", "arm", "versus", "one", "control", "subject", "had", "mild", "dermatological", "alterations", ".", "We", "conclude", "that", "fenretinide", "showed", "a", "lack", "of", "effect", "on", "the", "DNA", "content", "distribution", "and", "the", "morphology", "of", "urothelial", "cells", "obtained", "in", "serial", "bladder", "washings", ".", "Recurrence", "-", "free", "survival", "was", "comparable", "between", "groups", ".", "Because", "our", "data", "are", "hampered", "by", "the", "lack", "of", "predictivity", "of", "the", "selected", "biomarkers", ",", "additional", "studies", "are", "necessary", "to", "assess", "the", "activity", "of", "fenretinide", "in", "preventing", "bladder", "cancer", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Mortality", "Intervention_Control" ]
fenretinide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, superficial bladder cancer is a Participant_Condition, synthetic retinoid fenretinide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, no intervention is a Intervention_Control, proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms is a Outcome_Physical, abnormal cytological examinations is a Outcome_Physical, response biomarker is a Outcome_Physical, Recurrence - free survival is a Outcome_Mortality, dark adaptability is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, mild dermatological alterations is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, content distribution is a Outcome_Physical, morphology of urothelial cells is a Outcome_Physical	4767_task1	Sentence: Randomized trial of fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry as an intermediate end point . Retinoids have shown a potential activity in preventing tumor recurrence in superficial bladder cancer . We assessed the activity of the synthetic retinoid fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry and conventional cytology as surrogate biomarkers . A total of 99 subjects with resected superficial bladder cancer ( pTa , pT1 ) were randomized to either fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o . for 24 months ) or no intervention . Cystoscopy and bladder washing for DNA flow cytometry end points ( proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms , hyperdiploid fraction , and percentage of apoptotic cells ) and proportion of abnormal cytological examinations were repeated every 4 months for up to 36 months . The primary study end point was the proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms after 12 months . This figure was 48.9 % in the fenretinide arm and 41.9 % in the control arm ( odds ratio , 1.16 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.44-3.07 ) . There was no difference in any other response biomarker between the two groups up to 36 months , nor was any biomarker able to predict recurrence risk . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between the arms ( 27 events in the fenretinide arm versus 21 in the control arm ; P = 0.36 ) . Twelve subjects in the fenretinide arm complained of diminished dark adaptability , and nine subjects in the fenretinide arm versus one control subject had mild dermatological alterations . We conclude that fenretinide showed a lack of effect on the DNA content distribution and the morphology of urothelial cells obtained in serial bladder washings . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between groups . Because our data are hampered by the lack of predictivity of the selected biomarkers , additional studies are necessary to assess the activity of fenretinide in preventing bladder cancer . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: fenretinide, superficial bladder cancer, synthetic retinoid fenretinide, fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o ., no intervention, proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms, abnormal cytological examinations, response biomarker, Recurrence - free survival, dark adaptability, mild dermatological alterations, content distribution, morphology of urothelial cells Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Mortality, Outcome_Physical	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Randomized trial of fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry as an intermediate end point . Retinoids have shown a potential activity in preventing tumor recurrence in superficial bladder cancer . We assessed the activity of the synthetic retinoid fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry and conventional cytology as surrogate biomarkers . A total of 99 subjects with resected superficial bladder cancer ( pTa , pT1 ) were randomized to either fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o . for 24 months ) or no intervention . Cystoscopy and bladder washing for DNA flow cytometry end points ( proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms , hyperdiploid fraction , and percentage of apoptotic cells ) and proportion of abnormal cytological examinations were repeated every 4 months for up to 36 months . The primary study end point was the proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms after 12 months . This figure was 48.9 % in the fenretinide arm and 41.9 % in the control arm ( odds ratio , 1.16 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.44-3.07 ) . There was no difference in any other response biomarker between the two groups up to 36 months , nor was any biomarker able to predict recurrence risk . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between the arms ( 27 events in the fenretinide arm versus 21 in the control arm ; P = 0.36 ) . Twelve subjects in the fenretinide arm complained of diminished dark adaptability , and nine subjects in the fenretinide arm versus one control subject had mild dermatological alterations . We conclude that fenretinide showed a lack of effect on the DNA content distribution and the morphology of urothelial cells obtained in serial bladder washings . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between groups . Because our data are hampered by the lack of predictivity of the selected biomarkers , additional studies are necessary to assess the activity of fenretinide in preventing bladder cancer .	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fenretinide, superficial bladder cancer, synthetic retinoid fenretinide, fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o ., no intervention, proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms, abnormal cytological examinations, response biomarker, Recurrence - free survival, dark adaptability, mild dermatological alterations, content distribution, morphology of urothelial cells	4767_task2	Sentence: Randomized trial of fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry as an intermediate end point . Retinoids have shown a potential activity in preventing tumor recurrence in superficial bladder cancer . We assessed the activity of the synthetic retinoid fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry and conventional cytology as surrogate biomarkers . A total of 99 subjects with resected superficial bladder cancer ( pTa , pT1 ) were randomized to either fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o . for 24 months ) or no intervention . Cystoscopy and bladder washing for DNA flow cytometry end points ( proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms , hyperdiploid fraction , and percentage of apoptotic cells ) and proportion of abnormal cytological examinations were repeated every 4 months for up to 36 months . The primary study end point was the proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms after 12 months . This figure was 48.9 % in the fenretinide arm and 41.9 % in the control arm ( odds ratio , 1.16 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.44-3.07 ) . There was no difference in any other response biomarker between the two groups up to 36 months , nor was any biomarker able to predict recurrence risk . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between the arms ( 27 events in the fenretinide arm versus 21 in the control arm ; P = 0.36 ) . Twelve subjects in the fenretinide arm complained of diminished dark adaptability , and nine subjects in the fenretinide arm versus one control subject had mild dermatological alterations . We conclude that fenretinide showed a lack of effect on the DNA content distribution and the morphology of urothelial cells obtained in serial bladder washings . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between groups . Because our data are hampered by the lack of predictivity of the selected biomarkers , additional studies are necessary to assess the activity of fenretinide in preventing bladder cancer . 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Retinoids have shown a potential activity in preventing tumor recurrence in superficial bladder cancer . We assessed the activity of the synthetic retinoid fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry and conventional cytology as surrogate biomarkers . A total of 99 subjects with resected superficial bladder cancer ( pTa , pT1 ) were randomized to either fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o . for 24 months ) or no intervention . Cystoscopy and bladder washing for DNA flow cytometry end points ( proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms , hyperdiploid fraction , and percentage of apoptotic cells ) and proportion of abnormal cytological examinations were repeated every 4 months for up to 36 months . The primary study end point was the proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms after 12 months . This figure was 48.9 % in the fenretinide arm and 41.9 % in the control arm ( odds ratio , 1.16 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.44-3.07 ) . There was no difference in any other response biomarker between the two groups up to 36 months , nor was any biomarker able to predict recurrence risk . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between the arms ( 27 events in the fenretinide arm versus 21 in the control arm ; P = 0.36 ) . Twelve subjects in the fenretinide arm complained of diminished dark adaptability , and nine subjects in the fenretinide arm versus one control subject had mild dermatological alterations . We conclude that fenretinide showed a lack of effect on the DNA content distribution and the morphology of urothelial cells obtained in serial bladder washings . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between groups . Because our data are hampered by the lack of predictivity of the selected biomarkers , additional studies are necessary to assess the activity of fenretinide in preventing bladder cancer .	[ "Randomized", "trial", "of", "fenretinide", "in", "superficial", "bladder", "cancer", "using", "DNA", "flow", "cytometry", "as", "an", "intermediate", "end", "point", ".", "Retinoids", "have", "shown", "a", "potential", "activity", "in", "preventing", "tumor", "recurrence", "in", "superficial", "bladder", "cancer", ".", "We", "assessed", "the", "activity", "of", "the", "synthetic", "retinoid", "fenretinide", "in", "superficial", "bladder", "cancer", "using", "DNA", "flow", "cytometry", "and", "conventional", "cytology", "as", "surrogate", "biomarkers", ".", "A", "total", "of", "99", "subjects", "with", "resected", "superficial", "bladder", "cancer", "(", "pTa", ",", "pT1", ")", "were", "randomized", "to", "either", "fenretinide", "(", "200", "mg", "day", "p.o", ".", "for", "24", "months", ")", "or", "no", "intervention", ".", "Cystoscopy", "and", "bladder", "washing", "for", "DNA", "flow", "cytometry", "end", "points", "(", "proportion", "of", "DNA", "aneuploid", "histograms", ",", "hyperdiploid", "fraction", ",", "and", "percentage", "of", "apoptotic", "cells", ")", "and", "proportion", "of", "abnormal", "cytological", "examinations", "were", "repeated", "every", "4", "months", "for", "up", "to", "36", "months", ".", "The", "primary", "study", "end", "point", "was", "the", "proportion", "of", "DNA", "aneuploid", "histograms", "after", "12", "months", ".", "This", "figure", "was", "48.9", "%", "in", "the", "fenretinide", "arm", "and", "41.9", "%", "in", "the", "control", "arm", "(", "odds", "ratio", ",", "1.16", ";", "95", "%", "confidence", "interval", ",", "0.44", "-", "3.07", ")", ".", "There", "was", "no", "difference", "in", "any", "other", "response", "biomarker", "between", "the", "two", "groups", "up", "to", "36", "months", ",", "nor", "was", "any", "biomarker", "able", "to", "predict", "recurrence", "risk", ".", "Recurrence", "-", "free", "survival", "was", "comparable", "between", "the", "arms", "(", "27", "events", "in", "the", "fenretinide", "arm", "versus", "21", "in", "the", "control", "arm", ";", "P", "=", "0.36", ")", ".", "Twelve", "subjects", "in", "the", "fenretinide", "arm", "complained", "of", "diminished", "dark", "adaptability", ",", "and", "nine", "subjects", "in", "the", "fenretinide", "arm", "versus", "one", "control", "subject", "had", "mild", "dermatological", "alterations", ".", "We", "conclude", "that", "fenretinide", "showed", "a", "lack", "of", "effect", "on", "the", "DNA", "content", "distribution", "and", "the", "morphology", "of", "urothelial", "cells", "obtained", "in", "serial", "bladder", "washings", ".", "Recurrence", "-", "free", "survival", "was", "comparable", "between", "groups", ".", "Because", "our", "data", "are", "hampered", "by", "the", "lack", "of", "predictivity", "of", "the", "selected", "biomarkers", ",", "additional", "studies", "are", "necessary", "to", "assess", "the", "activity", "of", "fenretinide", "in", "preventing", "bladder", "cancer", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Mortality", "Intervention_Control" ]
p300 / CBP is a protein-family, E1A is a protein, DNA is a DNA	1.0alpha7.train.931_task0	Sentence: The binding of p300/CBP by E1A stimulates quiescent primary cardiac myocytes to undergo DNA synthesis ( 5, 6). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: DNA, protein-family, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The binding of p300/CBP by E1A stimulates quiescent primary cardiac myocytes to undergo DNA synthesis ( 5, 6).	[ "The", "binding", "of", " ", "p300", "/", "CBP", "by", " ", "E1A", "stimulates", "quiescent", "primary", "cardiac", "myocytes", "to", "undergo", "DNA", "synthesis", "(", "5", ",", " ", "6", ")", "." ]	[ "protein-family", "protein", "DNA" ]
p300 / CBP is a protein-family, E1A is a protein, DNA is a DNA	1.0alpha7.train.931_task1	Sentence: The binding of p300/CBP by E1A stimulates quiescent primary cardiac myocytes to undergo DNA synthesis ( 5, 6). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: p300 / CBP, E1A, DNA Options: DNA, protein-family, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The binding of p300/CBP by E1A stimulates quiescent primary cardiac myocytes to undergo DNA synthesis ( 5, 6).	[ "The", "binding", "of", " ", "p300", "/", "CBP", "by", " ", "E1A", "stimulates", "quiescent", "primary", "cardiac", "myocytes", "to", "undergo", "DNA", "synthesis", "(", "5", ",", " ", "6", ")", "." ]	[ "protein-family", "protein", "DNA" ]
p300 / CBP, E1A, DNA	1.0alpha7.train.931_task2	Sentence: The binding of p300/CBP by E1A stimulates quiescent primary cardiac myocytes to undergo DNA synthesis ( 5, 6). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The binding of p300/CBP by E1A stimulates quiescent primary cardiac myocytes to undergo DNA synthesis ( 5, 6).	[ "The", "binding", "of", " ", "p300", "/", "CBP", "by", " ", "E1A", "stimulates", "quiescent", "primary", "cardiac", "myocytes", "to", "undergo", "DNA", "synthesis", "(", "5", ",", " ", "6", ")", "." ]	[ "protein-family", "protein", "DNA" ]
Therapy is an umlsterm, varicocele is an umlsterm, commentary is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm	DerUrologeA.80370277.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Therapy of varicocele : a commentary and critical evaluation . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Therapy of varicocele : a commentary and critical evaluation .	[ "Therapy", "of", "varicocele", ":", "a", "commentary", "and", "critical", "evaluation", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Therapy is an umlsterm, varicocele is an umlsterm, commentary is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm	DerUrologeA.80370277.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Therapy of varicocele : a commentary and critical evaluation . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Therapy, varicocele, commentary, evaluation Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Therapy of varicocele : a commentary and critical evaluation .	[ "Therapy", "of", "varicocele", ":", "a", "commentary", "and", "critical", "evaluation", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Therapy, varicocele, commentary, evaluation	DerUrologeA.80370277.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Therapy of varicocele : a commentary and critical evaluation . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Therapy of varicocele : a commentary and critical evaluation .	[ "Therapy", "of", "varicocele", ":", "a", "commentary", "and", "critical", "evaluation", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
amniotic fluid is a Organism_substance, fetal lung is a Organ, amniotic fluid is a Organism_substance, fetal lung is a Organ, amniotic fluid is a Organism_substance, samples is a Organism_substance, respiratory is a Anatomical_system, specimen is a Organism_substance	PMID-4066990_task0	Sentence: Rapid enzyme analysis of amniotic fluid phospholipids containing choline: a comparison with the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio in prenatal assessment of fetal lung maturity. The relation between the choline containing surfactant phospholipids lecithin and sphingomyelin in amniotic fluid and fetal lung maturity is well established. An enzymatic method that had been automated and optimised for use on a centrifugal analyser was used to measure the total choline containing phospholipids in amniotic fluid. The total time taken for this assay was 10 minutes. The results obtained from 100 patient samples, using this procedure, compared favourably with the results obtained by the thin layer chromatography procedure used to determine the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio (r = 0.93). A clinical study of 60 patients showed that this assay predicted prenatal respiratory distress syndrome as well as the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratios. The advantage of this assay over existing procedures is that it requires minimum preparation of the specimen and no extraction, is quick, and shows a high degree of precision. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Anatomical_system, Organ, Organism_substance	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "I-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organ", "I-Organ", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "I-Organism_substance", "O", "B-Organ", "I-Organ", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "I-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Anatomical_system", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Rapid enzyme analysis of amniotic fluid phospholipids containing choline: a comparison with the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio in prenatal assessment of fetal lung maturity. The relation between the choline containing surfactant phospholipids lecithin and sphingomyelin in amniotic fluid and fetal lung maturity is well established. An enzymatic method that had been automated and optimised for use on a centrifugal analyser was used to measure the total choline containing phospholipids in amniotic fluid. The total time taken for this assay was 10 minutes. The results obtained from 100 patient samples, using this procedure, compared favourably with the results obtained by the thin layer chromatography procedure used to determine the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio (r = 0.93). A clinical study of 60 patients showed that this assay predicted prenatal respiratory distress syndrome as well as the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratios. The advantage of this assay over existing procedures is that it requires minimum preparation of the specimen and no extraction, is quick, and shows a high degree of precision.	[ "Rapid", "enzyme", "analysis", "of", "amniotic", "fluid", "phospholipids", "containing", "choline", ":", "a", "comparison", "with", "the", "lecithin", "to", "sphingomyelin", "ratio", "in", "prenatal", "assessment", "of", "fetal", "lung", "maturity", ".", "\n", "The", "relation", "between", "the", "choline", "containing", "surfactant", "phospholipids", "lecithin", "and", "sphingomyelin", "in", "amniotic", "fluid", "and", "fetal", "lung", "maturity", "is", "well", "established", ".", "An", "enzymatic", "method", "that", "had", "been", "automated", "and", "optimised", "for", "use", "on", "a", "centrifugal", "analyser", "was", "used", "to", "measure", "the", "total", "choline", "containing", "phospholipids", "in", "amniotic", "fluid", ".", "The", "total", "time", "taken", "for", "this", "assay", "was", "10", "minutes", ".", "The", "results", "obtained", "from", "100", "patient", "samples", ",", "using", "this", "procedure", ",", "compared", "favourably", "with", "the", "results", "obtained", "by", "the", "thin", "layer", "chromatography", "procedure", "used", "to", "determine", "the", "lecithin", "to", "sphingomyelin", "ratio", "(", "r", "=", "0.93", ")", ".", "A", "clinical", "study", "of", "60", "patients", "showed", "that", "this", "assay", "predicted", "prenatal", "respiratory", "distress", "syndrome", "as", "well", "as", "the", "lecithin", "to", "sphingomyelin", "ratios", ".", "The", "advantage", "of", "this", "assay", "over", "existing", "procedures", "is", "that", "it", "requires", "minimum", "preparation", "of", "the", "specimen", "and", "no", "extraction", ",", "is", "quick", ",", "and", "shows", "a", "high", "degree", "of", "precision", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Organism_substance", "Anatomical_system", "Organ" ]
amniotic fluid is a Organism_substance, fetal lung is a Organ, amniotic fluid is a Organism_substance, fetal lung is a Organ, amniotic fluid is a Organism_substance, samples is a Organism_substance, respiratory is a Anatomical_system, specimen is a Organism_substance	PMID-4066990_task1	Sentence: Rapid enzyme analysis of amniotic fluid phospholipids containing choline: a comparison with the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio in prenatal assessment of fetal lung maturity. The relation between the choline containing surfactant phospholipids lecithin and sphingomyelin in amniotic fluid and fetal lung maturity is well established. An enzymatic method that had been automated and optimised for use on a centrifugal analyser was used to measure the total choline containing phospholipids in amniotic fluid. The total time taken for this assay was 10 minutes. The results obtained from 100 patient samples, using this procedure, compared favourably with the results obtained by the thin layer chromatography procedure used to determine the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio (r = 0.93). A clinical study of 60 patients showed that this assay predicted prenatal respiratory distress syndrome as well as the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratios. The advantage of this assay over existing procedures is that it requires minimum preparation of the specimen and no extraction, is quick, and shows a high degree of precision. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: amniotic fluid, fetal lung, amniotic fluid, fetal lung, amniotic fluid, samples, respiratory, specimen Options: Anatomical_system, Organ, Organism_substance	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "I-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organ", "I-Organ", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "I-Organism_substance", "O", "B-Organ", "I-Organ", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "I-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Anatomical_system", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Rapid enzyme analysis of amniotic fluid phospholipids containing choline: a comparison with the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio in prenatal assessment of fetal lung maturity. The relation between the choline containing surfactant phospholipids lecithin and sphingomyelin in amniotic fluid and fetal lung maturity is well established. An enzymatic method that had been automated and optimised for use on a centrifugal analyser was used to measure the total choline containing phospholipids in amniotic fluid. The total time taken for this assay was 10 minutes. The results obtained from 100 patient samples, using this procedure, compared favourably with the results obtained by the thin layer chromatography procedure used to determine the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio (r = 0.93). A clinical study of 60 patients showed that this assay predicted prenatal respiratory distress syndrome as well as the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratios. The advantage of this assay over existing procedures is that it requires minimum preparation of the specimen and no extraction, is quick, and shows a high degree of precision.	[ "Rapid", "enzyme", "analysis", "of", "amniotic", "fluid", "phospholipids", "containing", "choline", ":", "a", "comparison", "with", "the", "lecithin", "to", "sphingomyelin", "ratio", "in", "prenatal", "assessment", "of", "fetal", "lung", "maturity", ".", "\n", "The", "relation", "between", "the", "choline", "containing", "surfactant", "phospholipids", "lecithin", "and", "sphingomyelin", "in", "amniotic", "fluid", "and", "fetal", "lung", "maturity", "is", "well", "established", ".", "An", "enzymatic", "method", "that", "had", "been", "automated", "and", "optimised", "for", "use", "on", "a", "centrifugal", "analyser", "was", "used", "to", "measure", "the", "total", "choline", "containing", "phospholipids", "in", "amniotic", "fluid", ".", "The", "total", "time", "taken", "for", "this", "assay", "was", "10", "minutes", ".", "The", "results", "obtained", "from", "100", "patient", "samples", ",", "using", "this", "procedure", ",", "compared", "favourably", "with", "the", "results", "obtained", "by", "the", "thin", "layer", "chromatography", "procedure", "used", "to", "determine", "the", "lecithin", "to", "sphingomyelin", "ratio", "(", "r", "=", "0.93", ")", ".", "A", "clinical", "study", "of", "60", "patients", "showed", "that", "this", "assay", "predicted", "prenatal", "respiratory", "distress", "syndrome", "as", "well", "as", "the", "lecithin", "to", "sphingomyelin", "ratios", ".", "The", "advantage", "of", "this", "assay", "over", "existing", "procedures", "is", "that", "it", "requires", "minimum", "preparation", "of", "the", "specimen", "and", "no", "extraction", ",", "is", "quick", ",", "and", "shows", "a", "high", "degree", "of", "precision", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Organism_substance", "Anatomical_system", "Organ" ]
amniotic fluid, fetal lung, amniotic fluid, fetal lung, amniotic fluid, samples, respiratory, specimen	PMID-4066990_task2	Sentence: Rapid enzyme analysis of amniotic fluid phospholipids containing choline: a comparison with the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio in prenatal assessment of fetal lung maturity. The relation between the choline containing surfactant phospholipids lecithin and sphingomyelin in amniotic fluid and fetal lung maturity is well established. An enzymatic method that had been automated and optimised for use on a centrifugal analyser was used to measure the total choline containing phospholipids in amniotic fluid. The total time taken for this assay was 10 minutes. The results obtained from 100 patient samples, using this procedure, compared favourably with the results obtained by the thin layer chromatography procedure used to determine the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio (r = 0.93). A clinical study of 60 patients showed that this assay predicted prenatal respiratory distress syndrome as well as the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratios. The advantage of this assay over existing procedures is that it requires minimum preparation of the specimen and no extraction, is quick, and shows a high degree of precision. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "I-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organ", "I-Organ", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "I-Organism_substance", "O", "B-Organ", "I-Organ", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "I-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Anatomical_system", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Rapid enzyme analysis of amniotic fluid phospholipids containing choline: a comparison with the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio in prenatal assessment of fetal lung maturity. The relation between the choline containing surfactant phospholipids lecithin and sphingomyelin in amniotic fluid and fetal lung maturity is well established. An enzymatic method that had been automated and optimised for use on a centrifugal analyser was used to measure the total choline containing phospholipids in amniotic fluid. The total time taken for this assay was 10 minutes. The results obtained from 100 patient samples, using this procedure, compared favourably with the results obtained by the thin layer chromatography procedure used to determine the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio (r = 0.93). A clinical study of 60 patients showed that this assay predicted prenatal respiratory distress syndrome as well as the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratios. The advantage of this assay over existing procedures is that it requires minimum preparation of the specimen and no extraction, is quick, and shows a high degree of precision.	[ "Rapid", "enzyme", "analysis", "of", "amniotic", "fluid", "phospholipids", "containing", "choline", ":", "a", "comparison", "with", "the", "lecithin", "to", "sphingomyelin", "ratio", "in", "prenatal", "assessment", "of", "fetal", "lung", "maturity", ".", "\n", "The", "relation", "between", "the", "choline", "containing", "surfactant", "phospholipids", "lecithin", "and", "sphingomyelin", "in", "amniotic", "fluid", "and", "fetal", "lung", "maturity", "is", "well", "established", ".", "An", "enzymatic", "method", "that", "had", "been", "automated", "and", "optimised", "for", "use", "on", "a", "centrifugal", "analyser", "was", "used", "to", "measure", "the", "total", "choline", "containing", "phospholipids", "in", "amniotic", "fluid", ".", "The", "total", "time", "taken", "for", "this", "assay", "was", "10", "minutes", ".", "The", "results", "obtained", "from", "100", "patient", "samples", ",", "using", "this", "procedure", ",", "compared", "favourably", "with", "the", "results", "obtained", "by", "the", "thin", "layer", "chromatography", "procedure", "used", "to", "determine", "the", "lecithin", "to", "sphingomyelin", "ratio", "(", "r", "=", "0.93", ")", ".", "A", "clinical", "study", "of", "60", "patients", "showed", "that", "this", "assay", "predicted", "prenatal", "respiratory", "distress", "syndrome", "as", "well", "as", "the", "lecithin", "to", "sphingomyelin", "ratios", ".", "The", "advantage", "of", "this", "assay", "over", "existing", "procedures", "is", "that", "it", "requires", "minimum", "preparation", "of", "the", "specimen", "and", "no", "extraction", ",", "is", "quick", ",", "and", "shows", "a", "high", "degree", "of", "precision", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Organism_substance", "Anatomical_system", "Organ" ]
aromatase is a GENE-Y	17020418_task0	Sentence: Update on the use of aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Update on the use of aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer.	[ "Update", "on", "the", "use", "of", "aromatase", "inhibitors", "in", "breast", "cancer", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
aromatase is a GENE-Y	17020418_task1	Sentence: Update on the use of aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: aromatase Options: GENE-Y	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Update on the use of aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer.	[ "Update", "on", "the", "use", "of", "aromatase", "inhibitors", "in", "breast", "cancer", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
aromatase	17020418_task2	Sentence: Update on the use of aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Update on the use of aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer.	[ "Update", "on", "the", "use", "of", "aromatase", "inhibitors", "in", "breast", "cancer", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
Koerpertextilien is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm, Rezidivquelle is an umlsterm, Textilien is an umlsterm, Trichophyton is an umlsterm, Trichophyton is an umlsterm, Candida albicans is an umlsterm, Maschinenwaesche is an umlsterm, Gewebematerial is an umlsterm, Dekontamination is an umlsterm, Textilien is an umlsterm, Trichophyton is an umlsterm, Gewebe is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.70480397.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Zusammenfassung Nicht ausreichend dekontaminierte Koerpertextilien stellen nach Therapie von Dermato- und Onychomykosen eine Rezidivquelle dar . Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es zu klaeren , ob durch den haushaltsueblichen Waschprozess eine ausreichende Reinigung kontaminierter Textilien zu erzielen ist . Mit Trichophyton rubrum , Trichophyton mentagrophytes , Candida albicans und Scopulariopsis brevicaulis infizierte Textilproben wurden einer Maschinenwaesche unterzogen . Unabhaengig von Gewebematerial und verwendetem Vollwaschmittel fuehrte eine 60 Grad C-Waesche in allen Faellen zu einer sicheren Dekontamination der Textilien . Trichophyton rubrum wurde bereits bei einer Waschtemperatur von 30 Grad C aus dem Gewebe entfernt . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	Zusammenfassung Nicht ausreichend dekontaminierte Koerpertextilien stellen nach Therapie von Dermato- und Onychomykosen eine Rezidivquelle dar . Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es zu klaeren , ob durch den haushaltsueblichen Waschprozess eine ausreichende Reinigung kontaminierter Textilien zu erzielen ist . Mit Trichophyton rubrum , Trichophyton mentagrophytes , Candida albicans und Scopulariopsis brevicaulis infizierte Textilproben wurden einer Maschinenwaesche unterzogen . Unabhaengig von Gewebematerial und verwendetem Vollwaschmittel fuehrte eine 60 Grad C-Waesche in allen Faellen zu einer sicheren Dekontamination der Textilien . Trichophyton rubrum wurde bereits bei einer Waschtemperatur von 30 Grad C aus dem Gewebe entfernt .	[ "Zusammenfassung", "Nicht", "ausreichend", "dekontaminierte", "Koerpertextilien", "stellen", "nach", "Therapie", "von", "Dermato-", "und", "Onychomykosen", "eine", "Rezidivquelle", "dar", ".", "Ziel", "der", "vorliegenden", "Untersuchung", "war", "es", "zu", "klaeren", ",", "ob", "durch", "den", "haushaltsueblichen", "Waschprozess", "eine", "ausreichende", "Reinigung", "kontaminierter", "Textilien", "zu", "erzielen", "ist", ".", "Mit", "Trichophyton", "rubrum", ",", "Trichophyton", "mentagrophytes", ",", "Candida", "albicans", "und", "Scopulariopsis", "brevicaulis", "infizierte", "Textilproben", "wurden", "einer", "Maschinenwaesche", "unterzogen", ".", "Unabhaengig", "von", "Gewebematerial", "und", "verwendetem", "Vollwaschmittel", "fuehrte", "eine", "60", "Grad", "C", "-", "Waesche", "in", "allen", "Faellen", "zu", "einer", "sicheren", "Dekontamination", "der", "Textilien", ".", "Trichophyton", "rubrum", "wurde", "bereits", "bei", "einer", "Waschtemperatur", "von", "30", "Grad", "C", "aus", "dem", "Gewebe", "entfernt", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Koerpertextilien is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm, Rezidivquelle is an umlsterm, Textilien is an umlsterm, Trichophyton is an umlsterm, Trichophyton is an umlsterm, Candida albicans is an umlsterm, Maschinenwaesche is an umlsterm, Gewebematerial is an umlsterm, Dekontamination is an umlsterm, Textilien is an umlsterm, Trichophyton is an umlsterm, Gewebe is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.70480397.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Zusammenfassung Nicht ausreichend dekontaminierte Koerpertextilien stellen nach Therapie von Dermato- und Onychomykosen eine Rezidivquelle dar . Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es zu klaeren , ob durch den haushaltsueblichen Waschprozess eine ausreichende Reinigung kontaminierter Textilien zu erzielen ist . Mit Trichophyton rubrum , Trichophyton mentagrophytes , Candida albicans und Scopulariopsis brevicaulis infizierte Textilproben wurden einer Maschinenwaesche unterzogen . Unabhaengig von Gewebematerial und verwendetem Vollwaschmittel fuehrte eine 60 Grad C-Waesche in allen Faellen zu einer sicheren Dekontamination der Textilien . Trichophyton rubrum wurde bereits bei einer Waschtemperatur von 30 Grad C aus dem Gewebe entfernt . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Koerpertextilien, Therapie, Rezidivquelle, Textilien, Trichophyton, Trichophyton, Candida albicans, Maschinenwaesche, Gewebematerial, Dekontamination, Textilien, Trichophyton, Gewebe Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	Zusammenfassung Nicht ausreichend dekontaminierte Koerpertextilien stellen nach Therapie von Dermato- und Onychomykosen eine Rezidivquelle dar . Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es zu klaeren , ob durch den haushaltsueblichen Waschprozess eine ausreichende Reinigung kontaminierter Textilien zu erzielen ist . Mit Trichophyton rubrum , Trichophyton mentagrophytes , Candida albicans und Scopulariopsis brevicaulis infizierte Textilproben wurden einer Maschinenwaesche unterzogen . Unabhaengig von Gewebematerial und verwendetem Vollwaschmittel fuehrte eine 60 Grad C-Waesche in allen Faellen zu einer sicheren Dekontamination der Textilien . Trichophyton rubrum wurde bereits bei einer Waschtemperatur von 30 Grad C aus dem Gewebe entfernt .	[ "Zusammenfassung", "Nicht", "ausreichend", "dekontaminierte", "Koerpertextilien", "stellen", "nach", "Therapie", "von", "Dermato-", "und", "Onychomykosen", "eine", "Rezidivquelle", "dar", ".", "Ziel", "der", "vorliegenden", "Untersuchung", "war", "es", "zu", "klaeren", ",", "ob", "durch", "den", "haushaltsueblichen", "Waschprozess", "eine", "ausreichende", "Reinigung", "kontaminierter", "Textilien", "zu", "erzielen", "ist", ".", "Mit", "Trichophyton", "rubrum", ",", "Trichophyton", "mentagrophytes", ",", "Candida", "albicans", "und", "Scopulariopsis", "brevicaulis", "infizierte", "Textilproben", "wurden", "einer", "Maschinenwaesche", "unterzogen", ".", "Unabhaengig", "von", "Gewebematerial", "und", "verwendetem", "Vollwaschmittel", "fuehrte", "eine", "60", "Grad", "C", "-", "Waesche", "in", "allen", "Faellen", "zu", "einer", "sicheren", "Dekontamination", "der", "Textilien", ".", "Trichophyton", "rubrum", "wurde", "bereits", "bei", "einer", "Waschtemperatur", "von", "30", "Grad", "C", "aus", "dem", "Gewebe", "entfernt", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Koerpertextilien, Therapie, Rezidivquelle, Textilien, Trichophyton, Trichophyton, Candida albicans, Maschinenwaesche, Gewebematerial, Dekontamination, Textilien, Trichophyton, Gewebe	DerHautarzt.70480397.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Zusammenfassung Nicht ausreichend dekontaminierte Koerpertextilien stellen nach Therapie von Dermato- und Onychomykosen eine Rezidivquelle dar . Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es zu klaeren , ob durch den haushaltsueblichen Waschprozess eine ausreichende Reinigung kontaminierter Textilien zu erzielen ist . Mit Trichophyton rubrum , Trichophyton mentagrophytes , Candida albicans und Scopulariopsis brevicaulis infizierte Textilproben wurden einer Maschinenwaesche unterzogen . Unabhaengig von Gewebematerial und verwendetem Vollwaschmittel fuehrte eine 60 Grad C-Waesche in allen Faellen zu einer sicheren Dekontamination der Textilien . Trichophyton rubrum wurde bereits bei einer Waschtemperatur von 30 Grad C aus dem Gewebe entfernt . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	Zusammenfassung Nicht ausreichend dekontaminierte Koerpertextilien stellen nach Therapie von Dermato- und Onychomykosen eine Rezidivquelle dar . Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es zu klaeren , ob durch den haushaltsueblichen Waschprozess eine ausreichende Reinigung kontaminierter Textilien zu erzielen ist . Mit Trichophyton rubrum , Trichophyton mentagrophytes , Candida albicans und Scopulariopsis brevicaulis infizierte Textilproben wurden einer Maschinenwaesche unterzogen . Unabhaengig von Gewebematerial und verwendetem Vollwaschmittel fuehrte eine 60 Grad C-Waesche in allen Faellen zu einer sicheren Dekontamination der Textilien . Trichophyton rubrum wurde bereits bei einer Waschtemperatur von 30 Grad C aus dem Gewebe entfernt .	[ "Zusammenfassung", "Nicht", "ausreichend", "dekontaminierte", "Koerpertextilien", "stellen", "nach", "Therapie", "von", "Dermato-", "und", "Onychomykosen", "eine", "Rezidivquelle", "dar", ".", "Ziel", "der", "vorliegenden", "Untersuchung", "war", "es", "zu", "klaeren", ",", "ob", "durch", "den", "haushaltsueblichen", "Waschprozess", "eine", "ausreichende", "Reinigung", "kontaminierter", "Textilien", "zu", "erzielen", "ist", ".", "Mit", "Trichophyton", "rubrum", ",", "Trichophyton", "mentagrophytes", ",", "Candida", "albicans", "und", "Scopulariopsis", "brevicaulis", "infizierte", "Textilproben", "wurden", "einer", "Maschinenwaesche", "unterzogen", ".", "Unabhaengig", "von", "Gewebematerial", "und", "verwendetem", "Vollwaschmittel", "fuehrte", "eine", "60", "Grad", "C", "-", "Waesche", "in", "allen", "Faellen", "zu", "einer", "sicheren", "Dekontamination", "der", "Textilien", ".", "Trichophyton", "rubrum", "wurde", "bereits", "bei", "einer", "Waschtemperatur", "von", "30", "Grad", "C", "aus", "dem", "Gewebe", "entfernt", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Abstract is an umlsterm, keratoacanthomas is an umlsterm, behaviour is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, keratoacanthomas is an umlsterm, observations is an umlsterm, review is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, differential diagnosis is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, benign neoplasm is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, bone is an umlsterm, squamous cell carcinoma is an umlsterm, prognosis is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, curettage is an umlsterm, recurrences is an umlsterm, amputation is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.40450025.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Abstract . Subungual keratoacanthomas ( SKA ) differ in clinical presentation , biological behaviour and the therapy needed from keratoacanthomas in other localizations . Against the backdrop of two personal observations and a review of the literature , the authors describe clinical and histological features and also the differential diagnosis and therapy and this rare benign neoplasm . Patients present with a rapidly growing , painful subungual mass , which causes destruction of the underlying bone and usually does not regress spontaneously . Histological differentiation from squamous cell carcinoma is essential as the prognosis and treatment are different . SKA is treated by local excision and curettage . Erosions of the underlying distal phalanx usually heal spontaneously . However , persistent recurrences after subtotal excision often necessitate amputation of the distal phalanx . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Abstract . Subungual keratoacanthomas ( SKA ) differ in clinical presentation , biological behaviour and the therapy needed from keratoacanthomas in other localizations . Against the backdrop of two personal observations and a review of the literature , the authors describe clinical and histological features and also the differential diagnosis and therapy and this rare benign neoplasm . Patients present with a rapidly growing , painful subungual mass , which causes destruction of the underlying bone and usually does not regress spontaneously . Histological differentiation from squamous cell carcinoma is essential as the prognosis and treatment are different . SKA is treated by local excision and curettage . Erosions of the underlying distal phalanx usually heal spontaneously . However , persistent recurrences after subtotal excision often necessitate amputation of the distal phalanx .	[ "Abstract", ".", "Subungual", "keratoacanthomas", "(", "SKA", ")", "differ", "in", "clinical", "presentation", ",", "biological", "behaviour", "and", "the", "therapy", "needed", "from", "keratoacanthomas", "in", "other", "localizations", ".", "Against", "the", "backdrop", "of", "two", "personal", "observations", "and", "a", "review", "of", "the", "literature", ",", "the", "authors", "describe", "clinical", "and", "histological", "features", "and", "also", "the", "differential", "diagnosis", "and", "therapy", "and", "this", "rare", "benign", "neoplasm", ".", "Patients", "present", "with", "a", "rapidly", "growing", ",", "painful", "subungual", "mass", ",", "which", "causes", "destruction", "of", "the", "underlying", "bone", "and", "usually", "does", "not", "regress", "spontaneously", ".", "Histological", "differentiation", "from", "squamous", "cell", "carcinoma", "is", "essential", "as", "the", "prognosis", "and", "treatment", "are", "different", ".", "SKA", "is", "treated", "by", "local", "excision", "and", "curettage", ".", "Erosions", "of", "the", "underlying", "distal", "phalanx", "usually", "heal", "spontaneously", ".", "However", ",", "persistent", "recurrences", "after", "subtotal", "excision", "often", "necessitate", "amputation", "of", "the", "distal", "phalanx", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Abstract is an umlsterm, keratoacanthomas is an umlsterm, behaviour is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, keratoacanthomas is an umlsterm, observations is an umlsterm, review is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, differential diagnosis is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, benign neoplasm is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, bone is an umlsterm, squamous cell carcinoma is an umlsterm, prognosis is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, curettage is an umlsterm, recurrences is an umlsterm, amputation is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.40450025.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Abstract . Subungual keratoacanthomas ( SKA ) differ in clinical presentation , biological behaviour and the therapy needed from keratoacanthomas in other localizations . Against the backdrop of two personal observations and a review of the literature , the authors describe clinical and histological features and also the differential diagnosis and therapy and this rare benign neoplasm . Patients present with a rapidly growing , painful subungual mass , which causes destruction of the underlying bone and usually does not regress spontaneously . Histological differentiation from squamous cell carcinoma is essential as the prognosis and treatment are different . SKA is treated by local excision and curettage . Erosions of the underlying distal phalanx usually heal spontaneously . However , persistent recurrences after subtotal excision often necessitate amputation of the distal phalanx . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Abstract, keratoacanthomas, behaviour, therapy, keratoacanthomas, observations, review, literature, differential diagnosis, therapy, benign neoplasm, Patients, bone, squamous cell carcinoma, prognosis, treatment, curettage, recurrences, amputation Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Abstract . Subungual keratoacanthomas ( SKA ) differ in clinical presentation , biological behaviour and the therapy needed from keratoacanthomas in other localizations . Against the backdrop of two personal observations and a review of the literature , the authors describe clinical and histological features and also the differential diagnosis and therapy and this rare benign neoplasm . Patients present with a rapidly growing , painful subungual mass , which causes destruction of the underlying bone and usually does not regress spontaneously . Histological differentiation from squamous cell carcinoma is essential as the prognosis and treatment are different . SKA is treated by local excision and curettage . Erosions of the underlying distal phalanx usually heal spontaneously . However , persistent recurrences after subtotal excision often necessitate amputation of the distal phalanx .	[ "Abstract", ".", "Subungual", "keratoacanthomas", "(", "SKA", ")", "differ", "in", "clinical", "presentation", ",", "biological", "behaviour", "and", "the", "therapy", "needed", "from", "keratoacanthomas", "in", "other", "localizations", ".", "Against", "the", "backdrop", "of", "two", "personal", "observations", "and", "a", "review", "of", "the", "literature", ",", "the", "authors", "describe", "clinical", "and", "histological", "features", "and", "also", "the", "differential", "diagnosis", "and", "therapy", "and", "this", "rare", "benign", "neoplasm", ".", "Patients", "present", "with", "a", "rapidly", "growing", ",", "painful", "subungual", "mass", ",", "which", "causes", "destruction", "of", "the", "underlying", "bone", "and", "usually", "does", "not", "regress", "spontaneously", ".", "Histological", "differentiation", "from", "squamous", "cell", "carcinoma", "is", "essential", "as", "the", "prognosis", "and", "treatment", "are", "different", ".", "SKA", "is", "treated", "by", "local", "excision", "and", "curettage", ".", "Erosions", "of", "the", "underlying", "distal", "phalanx", "usually", "heal", "spontaneously", ".", "However", ",", "persistent", "recurrences", "after", "subtotal", "excision", "often", "necessitate", "amputation", "of", "the", "distal", "phalanx", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Abstract, keratoacanthomas, behaviour, therapy, keratoacanthomas, observations, review, literature, differential diagnosis, therapy, benign neoplasm, Patients, bone, squamous cell carcinoma, prognosis, treatment, curettage, recurrences, amputation	DerHautarzt.40450025.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Abstract . Subungual keratoacanthomas ( SKA ) differ in clinical presentation , biological behaviour and the therapy needed from keratoacanthomas in other localizations . Against the backdrop of two personal observations and a review of the literature , the authors describe clinical and histological features and also the differential diagnosis and therapy and this rare benign neoplasm . Patients present with a rapidly growing , painful subungual mass , which causes destruction of the underlying bone and usually does not regress spontaneously . Histological differentiation from squamous cell carcinoma is essential as the prognosis and treatment are different . SKA is treated by local excision and curettage . Erosions of the underlying distal phalanx usually heal spontaneously . However , persistent recurrences after subtotal excision often necessitate amputation of the distal phalanx . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Abstract . Subungual keratoacanthomas ( SKA ) differ in clinical presentation , biological behaviour and the therapy needed from keratoacanthomas in other localizations . Against the backdrop of two personal observations and a review of the literature , the authors describe clinical and histological features and also the differential diagnosis and therapy and this rare benign neoplasm . Patients present with a rapidly growing , painful subungual mass , which causes destruction of the underlying bone and usually does not regress spontaneously . Histological differentiation from squamous cell carcinoma is essential as the prognosis and treatment are different . SKA is treated by local excision and curettage . Erosions of the underlying distal phalanx usually heal spontaneously . However , persistent recurrences after subtotal excision often necessitate amputation of the distal phalanx .	[ "Abstract", ".", "Subungual", "keratoacanthomas", "(", "SKA", ")", "differ", "in", "clinical", "presentation", ",", "biological", "behaviour", "and", "the", "therapy", "needed", "from", "keratoacanthomas", "in", "other", "localizations", ".", "Against", "the", "backdrop", "of", "two", "personal", "observations", "and", "a", "review", "of", "the", "literature", ",", "the", "authors", "describe", "clinical", "and", "histological", "features", "and", "also", "the", "differential", "diagnosis", "and", "therapy", "and", "this", "rare", "benign", "neoplasm", ".", "Patients", "present", "with", "a", "rapidly", "growing", ",", "painful", "subungual", "mass", ",", "which", "causes", "destruction", "of", "the", "underlying", "bone", "and", "usually", "does", "not", "regress", "spontaneously", ".", "Histological", "differentiation", "from", "squamous", "cell", "carcinoma", "is", "essential", "as", "the", "prognosis", "and", "treatment", "are", "different", ".", "SKA", "is", "treated", "by", "local", "excision", "and", "curettage", ".", "Erosions", "of", "the", "underlying", "distal", "phalanx", "usually", "heal", "spontaneously", ".", "However", ",", "persistent", "recurrences", "after", "subtotal", "excision", "often", "necessitate", "amputation", "of", "the", "distal", "phalanx", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
somatotropin is a protein, serum albumin is a protein, indomethacin is a compound	DS.d188_task0	Sentence: Three proteins, porcine somatotropin, bovine serum albumin, and immunoglobulin, as well as materials with a strong calorimetric glass transition (T(g)), that is, indomethacin and poly(vinypyrrolidone) (PVP), were studied by both TSC and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Three proteins, porcine somatotropin, bovine serum albumin, and immunoglobulin, as well as materials with a strong calorimetric glass transition (T(g)), that is, indomethacin and poly(vinypyrrolidone) (PVP), were studied by both TSC and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).	[ "Three", "proteins", ",", "porcine", "somatotropin", ",", "bovine", "serum", "albumin", ",", "and", "immunoglobulin", ",", "as", "well", "as", "materials", "with", "a", "strong", "calorimetric", "glass", "transition", "(", "T(g", ")", ")", ",", "that", "is", ",", "indomethacin", "and", "poly(vinypyrrolidone", ")", "(", "PVP", ")", ",", "were", "studied", "by", "both", "TSC", "and", "differential", "scanning", "calorimetry", "(", "DSC", ")", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
somatotropin is a protein, serum albumin is a protein, indomethacin is a compound	DS.d188_task1	Sentence: Three proteins, porcine somatotropin, bovine serum albumin, and immunoglobulin, as well as materials with a strong calorimetric glass transition (T(g)), that is, indomethacin and poly(vinypyrrolidone) (PVP), were studied by both TSC and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: somatotropin, serum albumin, indomethacin Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Three proteins, porcine somatotropin, bovine serum albumin, and immunoglobulin, as well as materials with a strong calorimetric glass transition (T(g)), that is, indomethacin and poly(vinypyrrolidone) (PVP), were studied by both TSC and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).	[ "Three", "proteins", ",", "porcine", "somatotropin", ",", "bovine", "serum", "albumin", ",", "and", "immunoglobulin", ",", "as", "well", "as", "materials", "with", "a", "strong", "calorimetric", "glass", "transition", "(", "T(g", ")", ")", ",", "that", "is", ",", "indomethacin", "and", "poly(vinypyrrolidone", ")", "(", "PVP", ")", ",", "were", "studied", "by", "both", "TSC", "and", "differential", "scanning", "calorimetry", "(", "DSC", ")", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
somatotropin, serum albumin, indomethacin	DS.d188_task2	Sentence: Three proteins, porcine somatotropin, bovine serum albumin, and immunoglobulin, as well as materials with a strong calorimetric glass transition (T(g)), that is, indomethacin and poly(vinypyrrolidone) (PVP), were studied by both TSC and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Three proteins, porcine somatotropin, bovine serum albumin, and immunoglobulin, as well as materials with a strong calorimetric glass transition (T(g)), that is, indomethacin and poly(vinypyrrolidone) (PVP), were studied by both TSC and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).	[ "Three", "proteins", ",", "porcine", "somatotropin", ",", "bovine", "serum", "albumin", ",", "and", "immunoglobulin", ",", "as", "well", "as", "materials", "with", "a", "strong", "calorimetric", "glass", "transition", "(", "T(g", ")", ")", ",", "that", "is", ",", "indomethacin", "and", "poly(vinypyrrolidone", ")", "(", "PVP", ")", ",", "were", "studied", "by", "both", "TSC", "and", "differential", "scanning", "calorimetry", "(", "DSC", ")", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]

Hemiarthroplasty, internal fixation with percutaneous cannulated screws, displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly :, cost - effectiveness, hemiarthroplasty, quality - adjusted life years, internal fixation ., direct hospital costs , total hospital costs , and total costs

52211_task2

Sentence: Hemiarthroplasty compared to internal fixation with percutaneous cannulated screws as treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly : cost-utility analysis performed alongside a randomized , controlled trial . UNLABELLED We estimated the cost-effectiveness of hemiarthroplasty compared to internal fixation for elderly patients with displaced femoral neck fractures . Over 2 years , patients treated with hemiarthroplasty gained more quality-adjusted life years than patients treated with internal fixation . In addition , costs for hemiarthroplasty were lower . Hemiarthroplasty was thus cost effective . INTRODUCTION Estimating the cost utility of hemiarthroplasty compared to internal fixation in the treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly . METHODS A cost-utility analysis ( CUA ) was conducted alongside a clinical randomized controlled trial at a university hospital in Norway ; 166 patients , 124 ( 75 % ) women with a mean age of 82 years were randomized to either internal fixation ( n = 86 ) or hemiarthroplasty ( n = 80 ) . Patients were followed up at 4 , 12 , and 24 months . Health-related quality of life was assessed with the EQ-5D , and in combination with time used to calculate patients ' quality-adjusted life years ( QALYs ) . Resource use was identified , quantified , and valued for direct and indirect hospital costs and for societal costs . Results were expressed in incremental cost-effectiveness ratios . RESULTS Over the 2-year period , patients treated with hemiarthroplasty gained 0.15-0.20 more QALYs than patients treated with internal fixation . For the hemiarthroplasty group , the direct hospital costs , total hospital costs , and total costs were non-significantly less costly compared with the internal fixation group , with an incremental cost of €2,731 ( p = 0.81 ) , €2,474 ( p = 0.80 ) , and €14,160 ( p = 0.07 ) , respectively . Thus , hemiarthroplasty was the dominant treatment . Sensitivity analyses by bootstrapping supported these findings . CONCLUSION Hemiarthroplasty was a cost-effective treatment . Trial registration , NCT00464230 . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Intervention_Surgical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Surgical", "I-Intervention_Surgical", "I-Intervention_Surgical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Hemiarthroplasty compared to internal fixation with percutaneous cannulated screws as treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly : cost-utility analysis performed alongside a randomized , controlled trial . UNLABELLED We estimated the cost-effectiveness of hemiarthroplasty compared to internal fixation for elderly patients with displaced femoral neck fractures . Over 2 years , patients treated with hemiarthroplasty gained more quality-adjusted life years than patients treated with internal fixation . In addition , costs for hemiarthroplasty were lower . Hemiarthroplasty was thus cost effective . INTRODUCTION Estimating the cost utility of hemiarthroplasty compared to internal fixation in the treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly . METHODS A cost-utility analysis ( CUA ) was conducted alongside a clinical randomized controlled trial at a university hospital in Norway ; 166 patients , 124 ( 75 % ) women with a mean age of 82 years were randomized to either internal fixation ( n = 86 ) or hemiarthroplasty ( n = 80 ) . Patients were followed up at 4 , 12 , and 24 months . Health-related quality of life was assessed with the EQ-5D , and in combination with time used to calculate patients ' quality-adjusted life years ( QALYs ) . Resource use was identified , quantified , and valued for direct and indirect hospital costs and for societal costs . Results were expressed in incremental cost-effectiveness ratios . RESULTS Over the 2-year period , patients treated with hemiarthroplasty gained 0.15-0.20 more QALYs than patients treated with internal fixation . For the hemiarthroplasty group , the direct hospital costs , total hospital costs , and total costs were non-significantly less costly compared with the internal fixation group , with an incremental cost of €2,731 ( p = 0.81 ) , €2,474 ( p = 0.80 ) , and €14,160 ( p = 0.07 ) , respectively . Thus , hemiarthroplasty was the dominant treatment . Sensitivity analyses by bootstrapping supported these findings . CONCLUSION Hemiarthroplasty was a cost-effective treatment . Trial registration , NCT00464230 .

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[ "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Physical", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Surgical" ]

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Herzschrittmachertherapie.80090155.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: In the syndrome arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy , little is known to date about the mechanism for the development of arrhythmias . In a group of 54 patients with documented ventricular tachycardia during longterm ECG recordings , the determinants for the development of VT and the relationship between signal-averaged ECG and the morphological characteristics of the disease are investigated . The analysis of the long-term electrocardiographic data includes the measurement of RR-intervals 30 , 15 , 5 , 1min and immediately before onset of the VT , the determination of the morphology of the previous ventricular premature beats , and the frequency of the atrial arrhythmias . Normal values for the analysis of late potentials in the ECG signal accquisition with bidirectional filters between 40 and 300Hz were defined a maximum of 113ms for a QRS width , LAS of 38ms , and RMS40 of 16uV . The analysis of the long-term ECG produced monomorphic VT in all cases without previous atrial arrhythmia and in only 4 cases with previous polymorphic ventricular premature beats . A long-short phenomenon could only be proven in 4VT episodes . In 84% of all tachycardias , no arrhythmia were found immediately before onset of the arrhythmic event . According to the circadian clock , two peaks , mornings between 6 and 9h and evenings between 6 and 9h , could be determined . In patients , who were recently diagnosed with ARVD , a significant shortening of the RR intervals before the onset of VT as an indication of an acceleration of the sinus rhythm was observed . This effect could not be observed in patients with a past medical history of AVRD . Late potentials were determined with a prevalence of 74% overall . Increasingly , late potentials were observed with morphologically diffuse forms of the ARVD . A correlation to the severity of spontaneous arrhythmias ( ventricular , sustained or not sustained VT ) could not be established . In comparison to the origin of VT in coronary heart disease , previous arrhythmias play a less important role in arrhymogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy . Most importantly , an intensified sympathetic tone before onset of VT and an increased prevalence of positive late potentials are observed . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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In the syndrome arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy , little is known to date about the mechanism for the development of arrhythmias . In a group of 54 patients with documented ventricular tachycardia during longterm ECG recordings , the determinants for the development of VT and the relationship between signal-averaged ECG and the morphological characteristics of the disease are investigated . The analysis of the long-term electrocardiographic data includes the measurement of RR-intervals 30 , 15 , 5 , 1min and immediately before onset of the VT , the determination of the morphology of the previous ventricular premature beats , and the frequency of the atrial arrhythmias . Normal values for the analysis of late potentials in the ECG signal accquisition with bidirectional filters between 40 and 300Hz were defined a maximum of 113ms for a QRS width , LAS of 38ms , and RMS40 of 16uV . The analysis of the long-term ECG produced monomorphic VT in all cases without previous atrial arrhythmia and in only 4 cases with previous polymorphic ventricular premature beats . A long-short phenomenon could only be proven in 4VT episodes . In 84% of all tachycardias , no arrhythmia were found immediately before onset of the arrhythmic event . According to the circadian clock , two peaks , mornings between 6 and 9h and evenings between 6 and 9h , could be determined . In patients , who were recently diagnosed with ARVD , a significant shortening of the RR intervals before the onset of VT as an indication of an acceleration of the sinus rhythm was observed . This effect could not be observed in patients with a past medical history of AVRD . Late potentials were determined with a prevalence of 74% overall . Increasingly , late potentials were observed with morphologically diffuse forms of the ARVD . A correlation to the severity of spontaneous arrhythmias ( ventricular , sustained or not sustained VT ) could not be established . In comparison to the origin of VT in coronary heart disease , previous arrhythmias play a less important role in arrhymogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy . Most importantly , an intensified sympathetic tone before onset of VT and an increased prevalence of positive late potentials are observed .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

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Herzschrittmachertherapie.80090155.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: In the syndrome arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy , little is known to date about the mechanism for the development of arrhythmias . In a group of 54 patients with documented ventricular tachycardia during longterm ECG recordings , the determinants for the development of VT and the relationship between signal-averaged ECG and the morphological characteristics of the disease are investigated . The analysis of the long-term electrocardiographic data includes the measurement of RR-intervals 30 , 15 , 5 , 1min and immediately before onset of the VT , the determination of the morphology of the previous ventricular premature beats , and the frequency of the atrial arrhythmias . Normal values for the analysis of late potentials in the ECG signal accquisition with bidirectional filters between 40 and 300Hz were defined a maximum of 113ms for a QRS width , LAS of 38ms , and RMS40 of 16uV . The analysis of the long-term ECG produced monomorphic VT in all cases without previous atrial arrhythmia and in only 4 cases with previous polymorphic ventricular premature beats . A long-short phenomenon could only be proven in 4VT episodes . In 84% of all tachycardias , no arrhythmia were found immediately before onset of the arrhythmic event . According to the circadian clock , two peaks , mornings between 6 and 9h and evenings between 6 and 9h , could be determined . In patients , who were recently diagnosed with ARVD , a significant shortening of the RR intervals before the onset of VT as an indication of an acceleration of the sinus rhythm was observed . This effect could not be observed in patients with a past medical history of AVRD . Late potentials were determined with a prevalence of 74% overall . Increasingly , late potentials were observed with morphologically diffuse forms of the ARVD . A correlation to the severity of spontaneous arrhythmias ( ventricular , sustained or not sustained VT ) could not be established . In comparison to the origin of VT in coronary heart disease , previous arrhythmias play a less important role in arrhymogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy . Most importantly , an intensified sympathetic tone before onset of VT and an increased prevalence of positive late potentials are observed . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: syndrome, right, cardiomyopathy, date, development, arrhythmias, patients, ventricular tachycardia, ECG, development, ECG, morphological, disease, analysis, measurement, determination, morphology, ventricular premature beats, frequency, arrhythmias, Normal values, analysis, ECG, analysis, ECG, arrhythmia, ventricular premature beats, proven, tachycardias, arrhythmia, patients, acceleration, sinus, patients, history, prevalence, overall, forms, arrhythmias, origin, coronary heart disease, arrhythmias, role, right, cardiomyopathy, prevalence Options: umlsterm

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In the syndrome arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy , little is known to date about the mechanism for the development of arrhythmias . In a group of 54 patients with documented ventricular tachycardia during longterm ECG recordings , the determinants for the development of VT and the relationship between signal-averaged ECG and the morphological characteristics of the disease are investigated . The analysis of the long-term electrocardiographic data includes the measurement of RR-intervals 30 , 15 , 5 , 1min and immediately before onset of the VT , the determination of the morphology of the previous ventricular premature beats , and the frequency of the atrial arrhythmias . Normal values for the analysis of late potentials in the ECG signal accquisition with bidirectional filters between 40 and 300Hz were defined a maximum of 113ms for a QRS width , LAS of 38ms , and RMS40 of 16uV . The analysis of the long-term ECG produced monomorphic VT in all cases without previous atrial arrhythmia and in only 4 cases with previous polymorphic ventricular premature beats . A long-short phenomenon could only be proven in 4VT episodes . In 84% of all tachycardias , no arrhythmia were found immediately before onset of the arrhythmic event . According to the circadian clock , two peaks , mornings between 6 and 9h and evenings between 6 and 9h , could be determined . In patients , who were recently diagnosed with ARVD , a significant shortening of the RR intervals before the onset of VT as an indication of an acceleration of the sinus rhythm was observed . This effect could not be observed in patients with a past medical history of AVRD . Late potentials were determined with a prevalence of 74% overall . Increasingly , late potentials were observed with morphologically diffuse forms of the ARVD . A correlation to the severity of spontaneous arrhythmias ( ventricular , sustained or not sustained VT ) could not be established . In comparison to the origin of VT in coronary heart disease , previous arrhythmias play a less important role in arrhymogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy . Most importantly , an intensified sympathetic tone before onset of VT and an increased prevalence of positive late potentials are observed .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

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Herzschrittmachertherapie.80090155.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: In the syndrome arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy , little is known to date about the mechanism for the development of arrhythmias . In a group of 54 patients with documented ventricular tachycardia during longterm ECG recordings , the determinants for the development of VT and the relationship between signal-averaged ECG and the morphological characteristics of the disease are investigated . The analysis of the long-term electrocardiographic data includes the measurement of RR-intervals 30 , 15 , 5 , 1min and immediately before onset of the VT , the determination of the morphology of the previous ventricular premature beats , and the frequency of the atrial arrhythmias . Normal values for the analysis of late potentials in the ECG signal accquisition with bidirectional filters between 40 and 300Hz were defined a maximum of 113ms for a QRS width , LAS of 38ms , and RMS40 of 16uV . The analysis of the long-term ECG produced monomorphic VT in all cases without previous atrial arrhythmia and in only 4 cases with previous polymorphic ventricular premature beats . A long-short phenomenon could only be proven in 4VT episodes . In 84% of all tachycardias , no arrhythmia were found immediately before onset of the arrhythmic event . According to the circadian clock , two peaks , mornings between 6 and 9h and evenings between 6 and 9h , could be determined . In patients , who were recently diagnosed with ARVD , a significant shortening of the RR intervals before the onset of VT as an indication of an acceleration of the sinus rhythm was observed . This effect could not be observed in patients with a past medical history of AVRD . Late potentials were determined with a prevalence of 74% overall . Increasingly , late potentials were observed with morphologically diffuse forms of the ARVD . A correlation to the severity of spontaneous arrhythmias ( ventricular , sustained or not sustained VT ) could not be established . In comparison to the origin of VT in coronary heart disease , previous arrhythmias play a less important role in arrhymogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy . Most importantly , an intensified sympathetic tone before onset of VT and an increased prevalence of positive late potentials are observed . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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In the syndrome arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy , little is known to date about the mechanism for the development of arrhythmias . In a group of 54 patients with documented ventricular tachycardia during longterm ECG recordings , the determinants for the development of VT and the relationship between signal-averaged ECG and the morphological characteristics of the disease are investigated . The analysis of the long-term electrocardiographic data includes the measurement of RR-intervals 30 , 15 , 5 , 1min and immediately before onset of the VT , the determination of the morphology of the previous ventricular premature beats , and the frequency of the atrial arrhythmias . Normal values for the analysis of late potentials in the ECG signal accquisition with bidirectional filters between 40 and 300Hz were defined a maximum of 113ms for a QRS width , LAS of 38ms , and RMS40 of 16uV . The analysis of the long-term ECG produced monomorphic VT in all cases without previous atrial arrhythmia and in only 4 cases with previous polymorphic ventricular premature beats . A long-short phenomenon could only be proven in 4VT episodes . In 84% of all tachycardias , no arrhythmia were found immediately before onset of the arrhythmic event . According to the circadian clock , two peaks , mornings between 6 and 9h and evenings between 6 and 9h , could be determined . In patients , who were recently diagnosed with ARVD , a significant shortening of the RR intervals before the onset of VT as an indication of an acceleration of the sinus rhythm was observed . This effect could not be observed in patients with a past medical history of AVRD . Late potentials were determined with a prevalence of 74% overall . Increasingly , late potentials were observed with morphologically diffuse forms of the ARVD . A correlation to the severity of spontaneous arrhythmias ( ventricular , sustained or not sustained VT ) could not be established . In comparison to the origin of VT in coronary heart disease , previous arrhythmias play a less important role in arrhymogenic right ventricular dysplasia cardiomyopathy . Most importantly , an intensified sympathetic tone before onset of VT and an increased prevalence of positive late potentials are observed .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

D - fagomine is a CHEMICAL

23194529_task0

Sentence: The presence of D-fagomine in the human diet from buckwheat-based foodstuffs. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The presence of D-fagomine in the human diet from buckwheat-based foodstuffs.

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[ "CHEMICAL" ]

D - fagomine is a CHEMICAL

23194529_task1

Sentence: The presence of D-fagomine in the human diet from buckwheat-based foodstuffs. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: D - fagomine Options: CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The presence of D-fagomine in the human diet from buckwheat-based foodstuffs.

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[ "CHEMICAL" ]

D - fagomine

23194529_task2

Sentence: The presence of D-fagomine in the human diet from buckwheat-based foodstuffs. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The presence of D-fagomine in the human diet from buckwheat-based foodstuffs.

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[ "CHEMICAL" ]

Trauma is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenkebene is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Frauen is an umlsterm, Maenner is an umlsterm, Halswirbelsaeule is an umlsterm, Rotationen is an umlsterm, Rueckenlage is an umlsterm, Rupturtypen is an umlsterm, Ruptur is an umlsterm, Ruptur is an umlsterm, Faserruptur is an umlsterm, Methoden is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenkbaender is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenkebene is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, bildgebender is an umlsterm, Dokumentation is an umlsterm, Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie is an umlsterm, Bandstrukturveraenderungen is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenks is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenks is an umlsterm

ManuelleMedizin.70350188.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Zur Abklaerung langanhaltender zervikozephaler Symptome nach Trauma der Kopfgelenkebene wurden unter Anwendung von Ausschlusskriterien 95 Patienten [ 56 Frauen ( n = 59 % ) , 39 Maenner ( n = 41 % ) ] mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 39 Jahren zwischen 21 und 55 Jahren in einem offenen 0,2-Tesla-Magnetsystem MAGNETOM OPEN und einer Spezialwickelspule fuer die obere Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) einer dynamischen Funktions-MRT-Untersuchung im Zeitraum November 1995 bis Dezember 1996 zugefuehrt . In 2 kontinuierlichen Funktionsstudien wurden Rechts- und Linksneigung der oberen HWS sowie axiale Rotationen in Rueckenlage nach links und rechts durchgefuehrt . Es ergab sich eine Aufteilung der Rupturtypen in : Typ I : komplette Ruptur bei 3 % , sowie Typ II a : inkomplette Ruptur mit langstreckigen Strukturlaesionen 20 % , sowie Typ II b : eine intraligamentaere Faserruptur mit anschliessender narbiger Auftreibung bei 11 % , sowie die Typ-III-Laesion : eine zentrale intraligamentaere Signalveraenderung bei 39 % . Mit den heutigen diagnostischen Methoden konnten bei 27 % keine verifizierbaren Strukturlaesionen der Kopfgelenkbaender nachgewiesen werden . Die Studie zeigte deutlich auf , dass die Typ-I- und -II a-Laesionen Begleitverletzungen des Lig . transversum atlantis ipsilateral aufwiesen . Die Kernspintomographiefunktionsuntersuchung der Kopfgelenkebene im offenen Magnetsystem konnte als geeignete Methode zur Abklaerung von morphologischen Strukturveraenderungen mittels bildgebender Dokumentation bestaetigt werden . Waehrend der gesamten Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie bis zur maximal moeglichen Endrotation konnte ein Abweichen des Dens bei Bandstrukturveraenderungen mit einer daraus resultierenden Instabilitaet des Kopfgelenks nachgewiesen werden . Die Haeufigkeit der densnahen Strukturlaesionen spricht fuer die Annahme , dass eine Ueberdehnung durch mechanische Scher- und Ueberhitzungskraefte am Beruehrungspunkt zwischen dem Densperiost und dem Lig . alare durch die Ueberdrehung des Kopfgelenks auftritt . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Zur Abklaerung langanhaltender zervikozephaler Symptome nach Trauma der Kopfgelenkebene wurden unter Anwendung von Ausschlusskriterien 95 Patienten [ 56 Frauen ( n = 59 % ) , 39 Maenner ( n = 41 % ) ] mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 39 Jahren zwischen 21 und 55 Jahren in einem offenen 0,2-Tesla-Magnetsystem MAGNETOM OPEN und einer Spezialwickelspule fuer die obere Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) einer dynamischen Funktions-MRT-Untersuchung im Zeitraum November 1995 bis Dezember 1996 zugefuehrt . In 2 kontinuierlichen Funktionsstudien wurden Rechts- und Linksneigung der oberen HWS sowie axiale Rotationen in Rueckenlage nach links und rechts durchgefuehrt . Es ergab sich eine Aufteilung der Rupturtypen in : Typ I : komplette Ruptur bei 3 % , sowie Typ II a : inkomplette Ruptur mit langstreckigen Strukturlaesionen 20 % , sowie Typ II b : eine intraligamentaere Faserruptur mit anschliessender narbiger Auftreibung bei 11 % , sowie die Typ-III-Laesion : eine zentrale intraligamentaere Signalveraenderung bei 39 % . Mit den heutigen diagnostischen Methoden konnten bei 27 % keine verifizierbaren Strukturlaesionen der Kopfgelenkbaender nachgewiesen werden . Die Studie zeigte deutlich auf , dass die Typ-I- und -II a-Laesionen Begleitverletzungen des Lig . transversum atlantis ipsilateral aufwiesen . Die Kernspintomographiefunktionsuntersuchung der Kopfgelenkebene im offenen Magnetsystem konnte als geeignete Methode zur Abklaerung von morphologischen Strukturveraenderungen mittels bildgebender Dokumentation bestaetigt werden . Waehrend der gesamten Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie bis zur maximal moeglichen Endrotation konnte ein Abweichen des Dens bei Bandstrukturveraenderungen mit einer daraus resultierenden Instabilitaet des Kopfgelenks nachgewiesen werden . Die Haeufigkeit der densnahen Strukturlaesionen spricht fuer die Annahme , dass eine Ueberdehnung durch mechanische Scher- und Ueberhitzungskraefte am Beruehrungspunkt zwischen dem Densperiost und dem Lig . alare durch die Ueberdrehung des Kopfgelenks auftritt .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Trauma is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenkebene is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Frauen is an umlsterm, Maenner is an umlsterm, Halswirbelsaeule is an umlsterm, Rotationen is an umlsterm, Rueckenlage is an umlsterm, Rupturtypen is an umlsterm, Ruptur is an umlsterm, Ruptur is an umlsterm, Faserruptur is an umlsterm, Methoden is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenkbaender is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenkebene is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, bildgebender is an umlsterm, Dokumentation is an umlsterm, Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie is an umlsterm, Bandstrukturveraenderungen is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenks is an umlsterm, Kopfgelenks is an umlsterm

ManuelleMedizin.70350188.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Zur Abklaerung langanhaltender zervikozephaler Symptome nach Trauma der Kopfgelenkebene wurden unter Anwendung von Ausschlusskriterien 95 Patienten [ 56 Frauen ( n = 59 % ) , 39 Maenner ( n = 41 % ) ] mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 39 Jahren zwischen 21 und 55 Jahren in einem offenen 0,2-Tesla-Magnetsystem MAGNETOM OPEN und einer Spezialwickelspule fuer die obere Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) einer dynamischen Funktions-MRT-Untersuchung im Zeitraum November 1995 bis Dezember 1996 zugefuehrt . In 2 kontinuierlichen Funktionsstudien wurden Rechts- und Linksneigung der oberen HWS sowie axiale Rotationen in Rueckenlage nach links und rechts durchgefuehrt . Es ergab sich eine Aufteilung der Rupturtypen in : Typ I : komplette Ruptur bei 3 % , sowie Typ II a : inkomplette Ruptur mit langstreckigen Strukturlaesionen 20 % , sowie Typ II b : eine intraligamentaere Faserruptur mit anschliessender narbiger Auftreibung bei 11 % , sowie die Typ-III-Laesion : eine zentrale intraligamentaere Signalveraenderung bei 39 % . Mit den heutigen diagnostischen Methoden konnten bei 27 % keine verifizierbaren Strukturlaesionen der Kopfgelenkbaender nachgewiesen werden . Die Studie zeigte deutlich auf , dass die Typ-I- und -II a-Laesionen Begleitverletzungen des Lig . transversum atlantis ipsilateral aufwiesen . Die Kernspintomographiefunktionsuntersuchung der Kopfgelenkebene im offenen Magnetsystem konnte als geeignete Methode zur Abklaerung von morphologischen Strukturveraenderungen mittels bildgebender Dokumentation bestaetigt werden . Waehrend der gesamten Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie bis zur maximal moeglichen Endrotation konnte ein Abweichen des Dens bei Bandstrukturveraenderungen mit einer daraus resultierenden Instabilitaet des Kopfgelenks nachgewiesen werden . Die Haeufigkeit der densnahen Strukturlaesionen spricht fuer die Annahme , dass eine Ueberdehnung durch mechanische Scher- und Ueberhitzungskraefte am Beruehrungspunkt zwischen dem Densperiost und dem Lig . alare durch die Ueberdrehung des Kopfgelenks auftritt . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Trauma, Kopfgelenkebene, Patienten, Frauen, Maenner, Halswirbelsaeule, Rotationen, Rueckenlage, Rupturtypen, Ruptur, Ruptur, Faserruptur, Methoden, Kopfgelenkbaender, Kopfgelenkebene, Methode, bildgebender, Dokumentation, Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie, Bandstrukturveraenderungen, Kopfgelenks, Kopfgelenks Options: umlsterm

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Zur Abklaerung langanhaltender zervikozephaler Symptome nach Trauma der Kopfgelenkebene wurden unter Anwendung von Ausschlusskriterien 95 Patienten [ 56 Frauen ( n = 59 % ) , 39 Maenner ( n = 41 % ) ] mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 39 Jahren zwischen 21 und 55 Jahren in einem offenen 0,2-Tesla-Magnetsystem MAGNETOM OPEN und einer Spezialwickelspule fuer die obere Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) einer dynamischen Funktions-MRT-Untersuchung im Zeitraum November 1995 bis Dezember 1996 zugefuehrt . In 2 kontinuierlichen Funktionsstudien wurden Rechts- und Linksneigung der oberen HWS sowie axiale Rotationen in Rueckenlage nach links und rechts durchgefuehrt . Es ergab sich eine Aufteilung der Rupturtypen in : Typ I : komplette Ruptur bei 3 % , sowie Typ II a : inkomplette Ruptur mit langstreckigen Strukturlaesionen 20 % , sowie Typ II b : eine intraligamentaere Faserruptur mit anschliessender narbiger Auftreibung bei 11 % , sowie die Typ-III-Laesion : eine zentrale intraligamentaere Signalveraenderung bei 39 % . Mit den heutigen diagnostischen Methoden konnten bei 27 % keine verifizierbaren Strukturlaesionen der Kopfgelenkbaender nachgewiesen werden . Die Studie zeigte deutlich auf , dass die Typ-I- und -II a-Laesionen Begleitverletzungen des Lig . transversum atlantis ipsilateral aufwiesen . Die Kernspintomographiefunktionsuntersuchung der Kopfgelenkebene im offenen Magnetsystem konnte als geeignete Methode zur Abklaerung von morphologischen Strukturveraenderungen mittels bildgebender Dokumentation bestaetigt werden . Waehrend der gesamten Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie bis zur maximal moeglichen Endrotation konnte ein Abweichen des Dens bei Bandstrukturveraenderungen mit einer daraus resultierenden Instabilitaet des Kopfgelenks nachgewiesen werden . Die Haeufigkeit der densnahen Strukturlaesionen spricht fuer die Annahme , dass eine Ueberdehnung durch mechanische Scher- und Ueberhitzungskraefte am Beruehrungspunkt zwischen dem Densperiost und dem Lig . alare durch die Ueberdrehung des Kopfgelenks auftritt .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Trauma, Kopfgelenkebene, Patienten, Frauen, Maenner, Halswirbelsaeule, Rotationen, Rueckenlage, Rupturtypen, Ruptur, Ruptur, Faserruptur, Methoden, Kopfgelenkbaender, Kopfgelenkebene, Methode, bildgebender, Dokumentation, Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie, Bandstrukturveraenderungen, Kopfgelenks, Kopfgelenks

ManuelleMedizin.70350188.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Zur Abklaerung langanhaltender zervikozephaler Symptome nach Trauma der Kopfgelenkebene wurden unter Anwendung von Ausschlusskriterien 95 Patienten [ 56 Frauen ( n = 59 % ) , 39 Maenner ( n = 41 % ) ] mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 39 Jahren zwischen 21 und 55 Jahren in einem offenen 0,2-Tesla-Magnetsystem MAGNETOM OPEN und einer Spezialwickelspule fuer die obere Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) einer dynamischen Funktions-MRT-Untersuchung im Zeitraum November 1995 bis Dezember 1996 zugefuehrt . In 2 kontinuierlichen Funktionsstudien wurden Rechts- und Linksneigung der oberen HWS sowie axiale Rotationen in Rueckenlage nach links und rechts durchgefuehrt . Es ergab sich eine Aufteilung der Rupturtypen in : Typ I : komplette Ruptur bei 3 % , sowie Typ II a : inkomplette Ruptur mit langstreckigen Strukturlaesionen 20 % , sowie Typ II b : eine intraligamentaere Faserruptur mit anschliessender narbiger Auftreibung bei 11 % , sowie die Typ-III-Laesion : eine zentrale intraligamentaere Signalveraenderung bei 39 % . Mit den heutigen diagnostischen Methoden konnten bei 27 % keine verifizierbaren Strukturlaesionen der Kopfgelenkbaender nachgewiesen werden . Die Studie zeigte deutlich auf , dass die Typ-I- und -II a-Laesionen Begleitverletzungen des Lig . transversum atlantis ipsilateral aufwiesen . Die Kernspintomographiefunktionsuntersuchung der Kopfgelenkebene im offenen Magnetsystem konnte als geeignete Methode zur Abklaerung von morphologischen Strukturveraenderungen mittels bildgebender Dokumentation bestaetigt werden . Waehrend der gesamten Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie bis zur maximal moeglichen Endrotation konnte ein Abweichen des Dens bei Bandstrukturveraenderungen mit einer daraus resultierenden Instabilitaet des Kopfgelenks nachgewiesen werden . Die Haeufigkeit der densnahen Strukturlaesionen spricht fuer die Annahme , dass eine Ueberdehnung durch mechanische Scher- und Ueberhitzungskraefte am Beruehrungspunkt zwischen dem Densperiost und dem Lig . alare durch die Ueberdrehung des Kopfgelenks auftritt . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Zur Abklaerung langanhaltender zervikozephaler Symptome nach Trauma der Kopfgelenkebene wurden unter Anwendung von Ausschlusskriterien 95 Patienten [ 56 Frauen ( n = 59 % ) , 39 Maenner ( n = 41 % ) ] mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 39 Jahren zwischen 21 und 55 Jahren in einem offenen 0,2-Tesla-Magnetsystem MAGNETOM OPEN und einer Spezialwickelspule fuer die obere Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) einer dynamischen Funktions-MRT-Untersuchung im Zeitraum November 1995 bis Dezember 1996 zugefuehrt . In 2 kontinuierlichen Funktionsstudien wurden Rechts- und Linksneigung der oberen HWS sowie axiale Rotationen in Rueckenlage nach links und rechts durchgefuehrt . Es ergab sich eine Aufteilung der Rupturtypen in : Typ I : komplette Ruptur bei 3 % , sowie Typ II a : inkomplette Ruptur mit langstreckigen Strukturlaesionen 20 % , sowie Typ II b : eine intraligamentaere Faserruptur mit anschliessender narbiger Auftreibung bei 11 % , sowie die Typ-III-Laesion : eine zentrale intraligamentaere Signalveraenderung bei 39 % . Mit den heutigen diagnostischen Methoden konnten bei 27 % keine verifizierbaren Strukturlaesionen der Kopfgelenkbaender nachgewiesen werden . Die Studie zeigte deutlich auf , dass die Typ-I- und -II a-Laesionen Begleitverletzungen des Lig . transversum atlantis ipsilateral aufwiesen . Die Kernspintomographiefunktionsuntersuchung der Kopfgelenkebene im offenen Magnetsystem konnte als geeignete Methode zur Abklaerung von morphologischen Strukturveraenderungen mittels bildgebender Dokumentation bestaetigt werden . Waehrend der gesamten Kernspintomographiebewegungsstudie bis zur maximal moeglichen Endrotation konnte ein Abweichen des Dens bei Bandstrukturveraenderungen mit einer daraus resultierenden Instabilitaet des Kopfgelenks nachgewiesen werden . Die Haeufigkeit der densnahen Strukturlaesionen spricht fuer die Annahme , dass eine Ueberdehnung durch mechanische Scher- und Ueberhitzungskraefte am Beruehrungspunkt zwischen dem Densperiost und dem Lig . alare durch die Ueberdrehung des Kopfgelenks auftritt .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Behandlung is an umlsterm, Lungenschaedigung is an umlsterm, Lungenversagens is an umlsterm, syndrome is an umlsterm, sauerstofftragenden is an umlsterm, Ueberdruckbeatmung is an umlsterm, tierexperimenteller is an umlsterm

DerAnaesthesist.80470479.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation mit Perfluorkarbonen ist ein relativ neuer therapeutischer Ansatz zur Behandlung der akuten Lungenschaedigung ( acute lung injury ; ALI ) und des akuten Lungenversagens ( acute respiratory distress syndrome ; ARDS ) . Die Kombination der intrapulmonalen Anwendung einer sauerstofftragenden Fluessigkeit mit Ueberdruckbeatmung wurde von Fuhrman 1991 erstmals beschrieben und als perfluorocarbon associated gas exchange ( PAGE ) bezeichnet . In der Folge setzte sich mehr und mehr die Bezeichnung partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation ( partial liquid ventilation PLV ) ; durch . Eine Vielzahl tierexperimenteller Studien konnte in unterschiedlichen Lungenschaedigungsmodellen die Wirksamkeit der PLV zeigen . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation mit Perfluorkarbonen ist ein relativ neuer therapeutischer Ansatz zur Behandlung der akuten Lungenschaedigung ( acute lung injury ; ALI ) und des akuten Lungenversagens ( acute respiratory distress syndrome ; ARDS ) . Die Kombination der intrapulmonalen Anwendung einer sauerstofftragenden Fluessigkeit mit Ueberdruckbeatmung wurde von Fuhrman 1991 erstmals beschrieben und als perfluorocarbon associated gas exchange ( PAGE ) bezeichnet . In der Folge setzte sich mehr und mehr die Bezeichnung partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation ( partial liquid ventilation PLV ) ; durch . Eine Vielzahl tierexperimenteller Studien konnte in unterschiedlichen Lungenschaedigungsmodellen die Wirksamkeit der PLV zeigen .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Behandlung is an umlsterm, Lungenschaedigung is an umlsterm, Lungenversagens is an umlsterm, syndrome is an umlsterm, sauerstofftragenden is an umlsterm, Ueberdruckbeatmung is an umlsterm, tierexperimenteller is an umlsterm

DerAnaesthesist.80470479.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation mit Perfluorkarbonen ist ein relativ neuer therapeutischer Ansatz zur Behandlung der akuten Lungenschaedigung ( acute lung injury ; ALI ) und des akuten Lungenversagens ( acute respiratory distress syndrome ; ARDS ) . Die Kombination der intrapulmonalen Anwendung einer sauerstofftragenden Fluessigkeit mit Ueberdruckbeatmung wurde von Fuhrman 1991 erstmals beschrieben und als perfluorocarbon associated gas exchange ( PAGE ) bezeichnet . In der Folge setzte sich mehr und mehr die Bezeichnung partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation ( partial liquid ventilation PLV ) ; durch . Eine Vielzahl tierexperimenteller Studien konnte in unterschiedlichen Lungenschaedigungsmodellen die Wirksamkeit der PLV zeigen . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Behandlung, Lungenschaedigung, Lungenversagens, syndrome, sauerstofftragenden, Ueberdruckbeatmung, tierexperimenteller Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation mit Perfluorkarbonen ist ein relativ neuer therapeutischer Ansatz zur Behandlung der akuten Lungenschaedigung ( acute lung injury ; ALI ) und des akuten Lungenversagens ( acute respiratory distress syndrome ; ARDS ) . Die Kombination der intrapulmonalen Anwendung einer sauerstofftragenden Fluessigkeit mit Ueberdruckbeatmung wurde von Fuhrman 1991 erstmals beschrieben und als perfluorocarbon associated gas exchange ( PAGE ) bezeichnet . In der Folge setzte sich mehr und mehr die Bezeichnung partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation ( partial liquid ventilation PLV ) ; durch . Eine Vielzahl tierexperimenteller Studien konnte in unterschiedlichen Lungenschaedigungsmodellen die Wirksamkeit der PLV zeigen .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Behandlung, Lungenschaedigung, Lungenversagens, syndrome, sauerstofftragenden, Ueberdruckbeatmung, tierexperimenteller

DerAnaesthesist.80470479.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation mit Perfluorkarbonen ist ein relativ neuer therapeutischer Ansatz zur Behandlung der akuten Lungenschaedigung ( acute lung injury ; ALI ) und des akuten Lungenversagens ( acute respiratory distress syndrome ; ARDS ) . Die Kombination der intrapulmonalen Anwendung einer sauerstofftragenden Fluessigkeit mit Ueberdruckbeatmung wurde von Fuhrman 1991 erstmals beschrieben und als perfluorocarbon associated gas exchange ( PAGE ) bezeichnet . In der Folge setzte sich mehr und mehr die Bezeichnung partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation ( partial liquid ventilation PLV ) ; durch . Eine Vielzahl tierexperimenteller Studien konnte in unterschiedlichen Lungenschaedigungsmodellen die Wirksamkeit der PLV zeigen . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation mit Perfluorkarbonen ist ein relativ neuer therapeutischer Ansatz zur Behandlung der akuten Lungenschaedigung ( acute lung injury ; ALI ) und des akuten Lungenversagens ( acute respiratory distress syndrome ; ARDS ) . Die Kombination der intrapulmonalen Anwendung einer sauerstofftragenden Fluessigkeit mit Ueberdruckbeatmung wurde von Fuhrman 1991 erstmals beschrieben und als perfluorocarbon associated gas exchange ( PAGE ) bezeichnet . In der Folge setzte sich mehr und mehr die Bezeichnung partielle Fluessigkeitsventilation ( partial liquid ventilation PLV ) ; durch . Eine Vielzahl tierexperimenteller Studien konnte in unterschiedlichen Lungenschaedigungsmodellen die Wirksamkeit der PLV zeigen .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Hautklinik is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Hautklinik is an umlsterm, Hauterkrankungen is an umlsterm, Diagnosen is an umlsterm, Patienten- is an umlsterm, Simultanbehandlung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Behandlungen is an umlsterm

DerHautarzt.80490276.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Im Rahmen eines Liaisonkonzeptes zwischen den Abteilungen der Hautklinik und der Abteilung der Psychosomatik/Psychotherapie des Universitaetsklinikums Duesseldorf wurden 187 Patienten der Hautklinik psychosomatisch und testpsychologisch untersucht . Die Verteilung von Hauterkrankungen und psychosomatischen Diagnosen nach ICD 10 werden dargestellt . Es zeigte sich , dass Patienten- ( Symptom-Check-Liste-90-R) und Untersuchereinschaetzung ( Beeintraechtigungsschwere-Score ) positiv korrelieren . Es wird fuer eine dermatologisch-psychosomatische Simultanbehandlung plaediert , um das primaer organische Beziehungsangebot des Patienten in ein personelles zu uebersetzen , was wiederum in poststationaere simultane Behandlungen einmuenden koennte und so zu einer sinnvollen Weiterentwicklung des stationaer erreichten Behandlungsergebnisses fuehren kann . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Im Rahmen eines Liaisonkonzeptes zwischen den Abteilungen der Hautklinik und der Abteilung der Psychosomatik/Psychotherapie des Universitaetsklinikums Duesseldorf wurden 187 Patienten der Hautklinik psychosomatisch und testpsychologisch untersucht . Die Verteilung von Hauterkrankungen und psychosomatischen Diagnosen nach ICD 10 werden dargestellt . Es zeigte sich , dass Patienten- ( Symptom-Check-Liste-90-R) und Untersuchereinschaetzung ( Beeintraechtigungsschwere-Score ) positiv korrelieren . Es wird fuer eine dermatologisch-psychosomatische Simultanbehandlung plaediert , um das primaer organische Beziehungsangebot des Patienten in ein personelles zu uebersetzen , was wiederum in poststationaere simultane Behandlungen einmuenden koennte und so zu einer sinnvollen Weiterentwicklung des stationaer erreichten Behandlungsergebnisses fuehren kann .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Hautklinik is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Hautklinik is an umlsterm, Hauterkrankungen is an umlsterm, Diagnosen is an umlsterm, Patienten- is an umlsterm, Simultanbehandlung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Behandlungen is an umlsterm

DerHautarzt.80490276.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Im Rahmen eines Liaisonkonzeptes zwischen den Abteilungen der Hautklinik und der Abteilung der Psychosomatik/Psychotherapie des Universitaetsklinikums Duesseldorf wurden 187 Patienten der Hautklinik psychosomatisch und testpsychologisch untersucht . Die Verteilung von Hauterkrankungen und psychosomatischen Diagnosen nach ICD 10 werden dargestellt . Es zeigte sich , dass Patienten- ( Symptom-Check-Liste-90-R) und Untersuchereinschaetzung ( Beeintraechtigungsschwere-Score ) positiv korrelieren . Es wird fuer eine dermatologisch-psychosomatische Simultanbehandlung plaediert , um das primaer organische Beziehungsangebot des Patienten in ein personelles zu uebersetzen , was wiederum in poststationaere simultane Behandlungen einmuenden koennte und so zu einer sinnvollen Weiterentwicklung des stationaer erreichten Behandlungsergebnisses fuehren kann . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Hautklinik, Patienten, Hautklinik, Hauterkrankungen, Diagnosen, Patienten-, Simultanbehandlung, Patienten, Behandlungen Options: umlsterm

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Im Rahmen eines Liaisonkonzeptes zwischen den Abteilungen der Hautklinik und der Abteilung der Psychosomatik/Psychotherapie des Universitaetsklinikums Duesseldorf wurden 187 Patienten der Hautklinik psychosomatisch und testpsychologisch untersucht . Die Verteilung von Hauterkrankungen und psychosomatischen Diagnosen nach ICD 10 werden dargestellt . Es zeigte sich , dass Patienten- ( Symptom-Check-Liste-90-R) und Untersuchereinschaetzung ( Beeintraechtigungsschwere-Score ) positiv korrelieren . Es wird fuer eine dermatologisch-psychosomatische Simultanbehandlung plaediert , um das primaer organische Beziehungsangebot des Patienten in ein personelles zu uebersetzen , was wiederum in poststationaere simultane Behandlungen einmuenden koennte und so zu einer sinnvollen Weiterentwicklung des stationaer erreichten Behandlungsergebnisses fuehren kann .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Hautklinik, Patienten, Hautklinik, Hauterkrankungen, Diagnosen, Patienten-, Simultanbehandlung, Patienten, Behandlungen

DerHautarzt.80490276.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Im Rahmen eines Liaisonkonzeptes zwischen den Abteilungen der Hautklinik und der Abteilung der Psychosomatik/Psychotherapie des Universitaetsklinikums Duesseldorf wurden 187 Patienten der Hautklinik psychosomatisch und testpsychologisch untersucht . Die Verteilung von Hauterkrankungen und psychosomatischen Diagnosen nach ICD 10 werden dargestellt . Es zeigte sich , dass Patienten- ( Symptom-Check-Liste-90-R) und Untersuchereinschaetzung ( Beeintraechtigungsschwere-Score ) positiv korrelieren . Es wird fuer eine dermatologisch-psychosomatische Simultanbehandlung plaediert , um das primaer organische Beziehungsangebot des Patienten in ein personelles zu uebersetzen , was wiederum in poststationaere simultane Behandlungen einmuenden koennte und so zu einer sinnvollen Weiterentwicklung des stationaer erreichten Behandlungsergebnisses fuehren kann . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Im Rahmen eines Liaisonkonzeptes zwischen den Abteilungen der Hautklinik und der Abteilung der Psychosomatik/Psychotherapie des Universitaetsklinikums Duesseldorf wurden 187 Patienten der Hautklinik psychosomatisch und testpsychologisch untersucht . Die Verteilung von Hauterkrankungen und psychosomatischen Diagnosen nach ICD 10 werden dargestellt . Es zeigte sich , dass Patienten- ( Symptom-Check-Liste-90-R) und Untersuchereinschaetzung ( Beeintraechtigungsschwere-Score ) positiv korrelieren . Es wird fuer eine dermatologisch-psychosomatische Simultanbehandlung plaediert , um das primaer organische Beziehungsangebot des Patienten in ein personelles zu uebersetzen , was wiederum in poststationaere simultane Behandlungen einmuenden koennte und so zu einer sinnvollen Weiterentwicklung des stationaer erreichten Behandlungsergebnisses fuehren kann .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Energiestoffwechsel is an umlsterm, Restmyokard is an umlsterm, Vorderwandinfarkt is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Stenose is an umlsterm, Vorderwandinfarkt is an umlsterm, phosphor - spektroskopisch is an umlsterm, Phosphorspektren is an umlsterm, Koronarstenosen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patientenkollektiv is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Ventrikelfunktion is an umlsterm, Patientengruppe is an umlsterm, Myokard is an umlsterm, Vorderwandinfarkt is an umlsterm, Myokards is an umlsterm, Infarktgebiet is an umlsterm, Enzymkonzentrationen is an umlsterm

ZfuerKardiologie.70860113.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Um den Energiestoffwechsel in vitalem Restmyokard nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt in vivo zu charakterisieren , wurden Patienten Gruppe A , ( n = 19 ) mit einer Stenose des Ramus interventricularis anterior RIVA ) und laevokardiographisch nachgewiesener Vorderwand-Hypokinesie ( nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt phosphor-spektroskopisch untersucht und mit einem gesunden Probandenkollektiv verglichen . Das Messvolumen wurde zunaechst mittels Kernspin-Bildgebung in der anterioren Vorderwand positioniert . Die Phosphorspektren wurden dann unter voller antianginoeser Medikation aufgezeichnet . Um einen Einfluss der Koronarstenosen ausschliessen zu koennen , wurden zusaetzlich Patienten ( Gruppe B , n = 4 ) mit RIVA-Stenose ohne Vorderwand-Kontraktionsstoerung untersucht . Der Einfluss einer antianginoesen Medikation auf den PCrATP-Quotienten wurde bei einem weiteren Patientenkollektiv ( Gruppe C , n = 4 ) mit den gleichen klinischen Kriterien wie Gruppe A zuerst ohne antianginoese Medikation ( Auswaschphase > 1 Tag ) und danach unter laufender i.v. Medikation von Glyceroltrinitrat bestimmt . Im Vergleich zum Normalkollektiv ( 1,74 +/- 0,23 ) zeigte sich bei Gruppe A ( 1,4 +/- 0,18 ) eine signifikante Erniedrigung ( p 0,01 ) des mittleren PCrATP-Quotienten . Bei Patienten mit normaler Ventrikelfunktion ( Gruppe B ) fand sich hingegen keine wesentliche Abweichung des Quotienten gegenueber dem Nornmalkollektiv ( PCrATP : 1,64 +/- 0,22 ; p = 0,23 ) . Nach i.v. Gabe von Glyceroltrinitrat stieg der PCrATP-Quotient bei der Patientengruppe C von 1,12 +/- 0,08 auf 1,32 +/- 0,13 ( p 0,01 ) . Hypokinetisches Myokard nach nichttransmuralemn Vorderwandinfarkt geht bereits unter Ruhebedingungen mit einer Verminderung des Energiezwischenspeichers PCr im Vergleich zum ATP-Gehalt des Myokards einher . Als moegliche Ursachen kommen sowohl eine Myozytendegeneration aufgrund gestoerter Mikroperfusion als auch Remodelingprozesse von vitalen Myozyten im Infarktgebiet in Frage . Beide Moeglichkeiten koennen dann z.B. ueber eine Anpassung der zellulaeren Enzymkonzentrationen zu dem erniedrigten PCr-Gehalt der Myozyten fuehren . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Um den Energiestoffwechsel in vitalem Restmyokard nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt in vivo zu charakterisieren , wurden Patienten Gruppe A , ( n = 19 ) mit einer Stenose des Ramus interventricularis anterior RIVA ) und laevokardiographisch nachgewiesener Vorderwand-Hypokinesie ( nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt phosphor-spektroskopisch untersucht und mit einem gesunden Probandenkollektiv verglichen . Das Messvolumen wurde zunaechst mittels Kernspin-Bildgebung in der anterioren Vorderwand positioniert . Die Phosphorspektren wurden dann unter voller antianginoeser Medikation aufgezeichnet . Um einen Einfluss der Koronarstenosen ausschliessen zu koennen , wurden zusaetzlich Patienten ( Gruppe B , n = 4 ) mit RIVA-Stenose ohne Vorderwand-Kontraktionsstoerung untersucht . Der Einfluss einer antianginoesen Medikation auf den PCrATP-Quotienten wurde bei einem weiteren Patientenkollektiv ( Gruppe C , n = 4 ) mit den gleichen klinischen Kriterien wie Gruppe A zuerst ohne antianginoese Medikation ( Auswaschphase > 1 Tag ) und danach unter laufender i.v. Medikation von Glyceroltrinitrat bestimmt . Im Vergleich zum Normalkollektiv ( 1,74 +/- 0,23 ) zeigte sich bei Gruppe A ( 1,4 +/- 0,18 ) eine signifikante Erniedrigung ( p 0,01 ) des mittleren PCrATP-Quotienten . Bei Patienten mit normaler Ventrikelfunktion ( Gruppe B ) fand sich hingegen keine wesentliche Abweichung des Quotienten gegenueber dem Nornmalkollektiv ( PCrATP : 1,64 +/- 0,22 ; p = 0,23 ) . Nach i.v. Gabe von Glyceroltrinitrat stieg der PCrATP-Quotient bei der Patientengruppe C von 1,12 +/- 0,08 auf 1,32 +/- 0,13 ( p 0,01 ) . Hypokinetisches Myokard nach nichttransmuralemn Vorderwandinfarkt geht bereits unter Ruhebedingungen mit einer Verminderung des Energiezwischenspeichers PCr im Vergleich zum ATP-Gehalt des Myokards einher . Als moegliche Ursachen kommen sowohl eine Myozytendegeneration aufgrund gestoerter Mikroperfusion als auch Remodelingprozesse von vitalen Myozyten im Infarktgebiet in Frage . Beide Moeglichkeiten koennen dann z.B. ueber eine Anpassung der zellulaeren Enzymkonzentrationen zu dem erniedrigten PCr-Gehalt der Myozyten fuehren .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Energiestoffwechsel is an umlsterm, Restmyokard is an umlsterm, Vorderwandinfarkt is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Stenose is an umlsterm, Vorderwandinfarkt is an umlsterm, phosphor - spektroskopisch is an umlsterm, Phosphorspektren is an umlsterm, Koronarstenosen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patientenkollektiv is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Ventrikelfunktion is an umlsterm, Patientengruppe is an umlsterm, Myokard is an umlsterm, Vorderwandinfarkt is an umlsterm, Myokards is an umlsterm, Infarktgebiet is an umlsterm, Enzymkonzentrationen is an umlsterm

ZfuerKardiologie.70860113.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Um den Energiestoffwechsel in vitalem Restmyokard nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt in vivo zu charakterisieren , wurden Patienten Gruppe A , ( n = 19 ) mit einer Stenose des Ramus interventricularis anterior RIVA ) und laevokardiographisch nachgewiesener Vorderwand-Hypokinesie ( nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt phosphor-spektroskopisch untersucht und mit einem gesunden Probandenkollektiv verglichen . Das Messvolumen wurde zunaechst mittels Kernspin-Bildgebung in der anterioren Vorderwand positioniert . Die Phosphorspektren wurden dann unter voller antianginoeser Medikation aufgezeichnet . Um einen Einfluss der Koronarstenosen ausschliessen zu koennen , wurden zusaetzlich Patienten ( Gruppe B , n = 4 ) mit RIVA-Stenose ohne Vorderwand-Kontraktionsstoerung untersucht . Der Einfluss einer antianginoesen Medikation auf den PCrATP-Quotienten wurde bei einem weiteren Patientenkollektiv ( Gruppe C , n = 4 ) mit den gleichen klinischen Kriterien wie Gruppe A zuerst ohne antianginoese Medikation ( Auswaschphase > 1 Tag ) und danach unter laufender i.v. Medikation von Glyceroltrinitrat bestimmt . Im Vergleich zum Normalkollektiv ( 1,74 +/- 0,23 ) zeigte sich bei Gruppe A ( 1,4 +/- 0,18 ) eine signifikante Erniedrigung ( p 0,01 ) des mittleren PCrATP-Quotienten . Bei Patienten mit normaler Ventrikelfunktion ( Gruppe B ) fand sich hingegen keine wesentliche Abweichung des Quotienten gegenueber dem Nornmalkollektiv ( PCrATP : 1,64 +/- 0,22 ; p = 0,23 ) . Nach i.v. Gabe von Glyceroltrinitrat stieg der PCrATP-Quotient bei der Patientengruppe C von 1,12 +/- 0,08 auf 1,32 +/- 0,13 ( p 0,01 ) . Hypokinetisches Myokard nach nichttransmuralemn Vorderwandinfarkt geht bereits unter Ruhebedingungen mit einer Verminderung des Energiezwischenspeichers PCr im Vergleich zum ATP-Gehalt des Myokards einher . Als moegliche Ursachen kommen sowohl eine Myozytendegeneration aufgrund gestoerter Mikroperfusion als auch Remodelingprozesse von vitalen Myozyten im Infarktgebiet in Frage . Beide Moeglichkeiten koennen dann z.B. ueber eine Anpassung der zellulaeren Enzymkonzentrationen zu dem erniedrigten PCr-Gehalt der Myozyten fuehren . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Energiestoffwechsel, Restmyokard, Vorderwandinfarkt, Patienten, Stenose, Vorderwandinfarkt, phosphor - spektroskopisch, Phosphorspektren, Koronarstenosen, Patienten, Patientenkollektiv, Patienten, Ventrikelfunktion, Patientengruppe, Myokard, Vorderwandinfarkt, Myokards, Infarktgebiet, Enzymkonzentrationen Options: umlsterm

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Um den Energiestoffwechsel in vitalem Restmyokard nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt in vivo zu charakterisieren , wurden Patienten Gruppe A , ( n = 19 ) mit einer Stenose des Ramus interventricularis anterior RIVA ) und laevokardiographisch nachgewiesener Vorderwand-Hypokinesie ( nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt phosphor-spektroskopisch untersucht und mit einem gesunden Probandenkollektiv verglichen . Das Messvolumen wurde zunaechst mittels Kernspin-Bildgebung in der anterioren Vorderwand positioniert . Die Phosphorspektren wurden dann unter voller antianginoeser Medikation aufgezeichnet . Um einen Einfluss der Koronarstenosen ausschliessen zu koennen , wurden zusaetzlich Patienten ( Gruppe B , n = 4 ) mit RIVA-Stenose ohne Vorderwand-Kontraktionsstoerung untersucht . Der Einfluss einer antianginoesen Medikation auf den PCrATP-Quotienten wurde bei einem weiteren Patientenkollektiv ( Gruppe C , n = 4 ) mit den gleichen klinischen Kriterien wie Gruppe A zuerst ohne antianginoese Medikation ( Auswaschphase > 1 Tag ) und danach unter laufender i.v. Medikation von Glyceroltrinitrat bestimmt . Im Vergleich zum Normalkollektiv ( 1,74 +/- 0,23 ) zeigte sich bei Gruppe A ( 1,4 +/- 0,18 ) eine signifikante Erniedrigung ( p 0,01 ) des mittleren PCrATP-Quotienten . Bei Patienten mit normaler Ventrikelfunktion ( Gruppe B ) fand sich hingegen keine wesentliche Abweichung des Quotienten gegenueber dem Nornmalkollektiv ( PCrATP : 1,64 +/- 0,22 ; p = 0,23 ) . Nach i.v. Gabe von Glyceroltrinitrat stieg der PCrATP-Quotient bei der Patientengruppe C von 1,12 +/- 0,08 auf 1,32 +/- 0,13 ( p 0,01 ) . Hypokinetisches Myokard nach nichttransmuralemn Vorderwandinfarkt geht bereits unter Ruhebedingungen mit einer Verminderung des Energiezwischenspeichers PCr im Vergleich zum ATP-Gehalt des Myokards einher . Als moegliche Ursachen kommen sowohl eine Myozytendegeneration aufgrund gestoerter Mikroperfusion als auch Remodelingprozesse von vitalen Myozyten im Infarktgebiet in Frage . Beide Moeglichkeiten koennen dann z.B. ueber eine Anpassung der zellulaeren Enzymkonzentrationen zu dem erniedrigten PCr-Gehalt der Myozyten fuehren .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Energiestoffwechsel, Restmyokard, Vorderwandinfarkt, Patienten, Stenose, Vorderwandinfarkt, phosphor - spektroskopisch, Phosphorspektren, Koronarstenosen, Patienten, Patientenkollektiv, Patienten, Ventrikelfunktion, Patientengruppe, Myokard, Vorderwandinfarkt, Myokards, Infarktgebiet, Enzymkonzentrationen

ZfuerKardiologie.70860113.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Um den Energiestoffwechsel in vitalem Restmyokard nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt in vivo zu charakterisieren , wurden Patienten Gruppe A , ( n = 19 ) mit einer Stenose des Ramus interventricularis anterior RIVA ) und laevokardiographisch nachgewiesener Vorderwand-Hypokinesie ( nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt phosphor-spektroskopisch untersucht und mit einem gesunden Probandenkollektiv verglichen . Das Messvolumen wurde zunaechst mittels Kernspin-Bildgebung in der anterioren Vorderwand positioniert . Die Phosphorspektren wurden dann unter voller antianginoeser Medikation aufgezeichnet . Um einen Einfluss der Koronarstenosen ausschliessen zu koennen , wurden zusaetzlich Patienten ( Gruppe B , n = 4 ) mit RIVA-Stenose ohne Vorderwand-Kontraktionsstoerung untersucht . Der Einfluss einer antianginoesen Medikation auf den PCrATP-Quotienten wurde bei einem weiteren Patientenkollektiv ( Gruppe C , n = 4 ) mit den gleichen klinischen Kriterien wie Gruppe A zuerst ohne antianginoese Medikation ( Auswaschphase > 1 Tag ) und danach unter laufender i.v. Medikation von Glyceroltrinitrat bestimmt . Im Vergleich zum Normalkollektiv ( 1,74 +/- 0,23 ) zeigte sich bei Gruppe A ( 1,4 +/- 0,18 ) eine signifikante Erniedrigung ( p 0,01 ) des mittleren PCrATP-Quotienten . Bei Patienten mit normaler Ventrikelfunktion ( Gruppe B ) fand sich hingegen keine wesentliche Abweichung des Quotienten gegenueber dem Nornmalkollektiv ( PCrATP : 1,64 +/- 0,22 ; p = 0,23 ) . Nach i.v. Gabe von Glyceroltrinitrat stieg der PCrATP-Quotient bei der Patientengruppe C von 1,12 +/- 0,08 auf 1,32 +/- 0,13 ( p 0,01 ) . Hypokinetisches Myokard nach nichttransmuralemn Vorderwandinfarkt geht bereits unter Ruhebedingungen mit einer Verminderung des Energiezwischenspeichers PCr im Vergleich zum ATP-Gehalt des Myokards einher . Als moegliche Ursachen kommen sowohl eine Myozytendegeneration aufgrund gestoerter Mikroperfusion als auch Remodelingprozesse von vitalen Myozyten im Infarktgebiet in Frage . Beide Moeglichkeiten koennen dann z.B. ueber eine Anpassung der zellulaeren Enzymkonzentrationen zu dem erniedrigten PCr-Gehalt der Myozyten fuehren . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Um den Energiestoffwechsel in vitalem Restmyokard nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt in vivo zu charakterisieren , wurden Patienten Gruppe A , ( n = 19 ) mit einer Stenose des Ramus interventricularis anterior RIVA ) und laevokardiographisch nachgewiesener Vorderwand-Hypokinesie ( nach nichttransmuralem Vorderwandinfarkt phosphor-spektroskopisch untersucht und mit einem gesunden Probandenkollektiv verglichen . Das Messvolumen wurde zunaechst mittels Kernspin-Bildgebung in der anterioren Vorderwand positioniert . Die Phosphorspektren wurden dann unter voller antianginoeser Medikation aufgezeichnet . Um einen Einfluss der Koronarstenosen ausschliessen zu koennen , wurden zusaetzlich Patienten ( Gruppe B , n = 4 ) mit RIVA-Stenose ohne Vorderwand-Kontraktionsstoerung untersucht . Der Einfluss einer antianginoesen Medikation auf den PCrATP-Quotienten wurde bei einem weiteren Patientenkollektiv ( Gruppe C , n = 4 ) mit den gleichen klinischen Kriterien wie Gruppe A zuerst ohne antianginoese Medikation ( Auswaschphase > 1 Tag ) und danach unter laufender i.v. Medikation von Glyceroltrinitrat bestimmt . Im Vergleich zum Normalkollektiv ( 1,74 +/- 0,23 ) zeigte sich bei Gruppe A ( 1,4 +/- 0,18 ) eine signifikante Erniedrigung ( p 0,01 ) des mittleren PCrATP-Quotienten . Bei Patienten mit normaler Ventrikelfunktion ( Gruppe B ) fand sich hingegen keine wesentliche Abweichung des Quotienten gegenueber dem Nornmalkollektiv ( PCrATP : 1,64 +/- 0,22 ; p = 0,23 ) . Nach i.v. Gabe von Glyceroltrinitrat stieg der PCrATP-Quotient bei der Patientengruppe C von 1,12 +/- 0,08 auf 1,32 +/- 0,13 ( p 0,01 ) . Hypokinetisches Myokard nach nichttransmuralemn Vorderwandinfarkt geht bereits unter Ruhebedingungen mit einer Verminderung des Energiezwischenspeichers PCr im Vergleich zum ATP-Gehalt des Myokards einher . Als moegliche Ursachen kommen sowohl eine Myozytendegeneration aufgrund gestoerter Mikroperfusion als auch Remodelingprozesse von vitalen Myozyten im Infarktgebiet in Frage . Beide Moeglichkeiten koennen dann z.B. ueber eine Anpassung der zellulaeren Enzymkonzentrationen zu dem erniedrigten PCr-Gehalt der Myozyten fuehren .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

cyst is an umlsterm, heart is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, cardiac tamponade is an umlsterm, old is an umlsterm, male is an umlsterm, Kosovo is an umlsterm, emergency is an umlsterm, hospital is an umlsterm, dyspnea is an umlsterm, pain is an umlsterm, dizziness is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, unconsciousness is an umlsterm, Surgical decompression is an umlsterm, pericardium is an umlsterm, hydatid cyst is an umlsterm

ZfuerKardiologie.90881028.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: An echinococcal cyst of the heart is a rare cause of acute cardiac tamponade . We report on a 24 year old male from the Kosovo who was brought in an emergency state from a provincial hospital complaining of severe dyspnea , thoracic pain , dizziness , and a short period of unconsciousness . Surgical decompression had to be performed urgently , because the pericardium could not be punctuated due to the position of the hydatid cyst . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]

An echinococcal cyst of the heart is a rare cause of acute cardiac tamponade . We report on a 24 year old male from the Kosovo who was brought in an emergency state from a provincial hospital complaining of severe dyspnea , thoracic pain , dizziness , and a short period of unconsciousness . Surgical decompression had to be performed urgently , because the pericardium could not be punctuated due to the position of the hydatid cyst .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

cyst is an umlsterm, heart is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, cardiac tamponade is an umlsterm, old is an umlsterm, male is an umlsterm, Kosovo is an umlsterm, emergency is an umlsterm, hospital is an umlsterm, dyspnea is an umlsterm, pain is an umlsterm, dizziness is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, unconsciousness is an umlsterm, Surgical decompression is an umlsterm, pericardium is an umlsterm, hydatid cyst is an umlsterm

ZfuerKardiologie.90881028.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: An echinococcal cyst of the heart is a rare cause of acute cardiac tamponade . We report on a 24 year old male from the Kosovo who was brought in an emergency state from a provincial hospital complaining of severe dyspnea , thoracic pain , dizziness , and a short period of unconsciousness . Surgical decompression had to be performed urgently , because the pericardium could not be punctuated due to the position of the hydatid cyst . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cyst, heart, cause, cardiac tamponade, old, male, Kosovo, emergency, hospital, dyspnea, pain, dizziness, period, unconsciousness, Surgical decompression, pericardium, hydatid cyst Options: umlsterm

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An echinococcal cyst of the heart is a rare cause of acute cardiac tamponade . We report on a 24 year old male from the Kosovo who was brought in an emergency state from a provincial hospital complaining of severe dyspnea , thoracic pain , dizziness , and a short period of unconsciousness . Surgical decompression had to be performed urgently , because the pericardium could not be punctuated due to the position of the hydatid cyst .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

cyst, heart, cause, cardiac tamponade, old, male, Kosovo, emergency, hospital, dyspnea, pain, dizziness, period, unconsciousness, Surgical decompression, pericardium, hydatid cyst

ZfuerKardiologie.90881028.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: An echinococcal cyst of the heart is a rare cause of acute cardiac tamponade . We report on a 24 year old male from the Kosovo who was brought in an emergency state from a provincial hospital complaining of severe dyspnea , thoracic pain , dizziness , and a short period of unconsciousness . Surgical decompression had to be performed urgently , because the pericardium could not be punctuated due to the position of the hydatid cyst . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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An echinococcal cyst of the heart is a rare cause of acute cardiac tamponade . We report on a 24 year old male from the Kosovo who was brought in an emergency state from a provincial hospital complaining of severe dyspnea , thoracic pain , dizziness , and a short period of unconsciousness . Surgical decompression had to be performed urgently , because the pericardium could not be punctuated due to the position of the hydatid cyst .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Transdermal nitroglycerin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, angina pectoris is a Participant_Condition, transdermal nitroglycerin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, tolerance to the antianginal effect is a Outcome_Other, transdermal nitroglycerin in is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, 12 is a Participant_Sample-size, beta - adrenergic blocking is a Intervention_Pharmacological, calcium channel blocking agents is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Exercise performance is a Outcome_Physical, Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression is a Outcome_Physical, tolerance to antianginal effect is a Outcome_Other

74713_task0

Sentence: Transdermal nitroglycerin in angina pectoris : efficacy of intermittent application . Continuous application of transdermal nitroglycerin appears to result in tolerance to the antianginal effect . In a double-blind study the effects of continuous ( 24 h/day ) and intermittent ( 16 h/day ) application of transdermal nitroglycerin in a dosage of 10 mg/day were compared with the effects of placebo in 12 patients with chronic stable angina receiving treatment with beta-adrenergic blocking or calcium channel blocking agents . Exercise performance was assessed 2 to 4 hours after initial application and after 1 week of each treatment given in random order with a 3 day interval between treatments . Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression were all significantly increased after initial application during the continuous and intermittent treatment periods . These increases were maintained after 1 week of intermittent but not continuous treatment . Thus the benefit of initial application of transdermal nitroglycerin is maintained with intermittent treatment and a daily nitrate-free interval , whereas tolerance to antianginal effect occurs with continuous treatment . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other

[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Transdermal nitroglycerin in angina pectoris : efficacy of intermittent application . Continuous application of transdermal nitroglycerin appears to result in tolerance to the antianginal effect . In a double-blind study the effects of continuous ( 24 h/day ) and intermittent ( 16 h/day ) application of transdermal nitroglycerin in a dosage of 10 mg/day were compared with the effects of placebo in 12 patients with chronic stable angina receiving treatment with beta-adrenergic blocking or calcium channel blocking agents . Exercise performance was assessed 2 to 4 hours after initial application and after 1 week of each treatment given in random order with a 3 day interval between treatments . Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression were all significantly increased after initial application during the continuous and intermittent treatment periods . These increases were maintained after 1 week of intermittent but not continuous treatment . Thus the benefit of initial application of transdermal nitroglycerin is maintained with intermittent treatment and a daily nitrate-free interval , whereas tolerance to antianginal effect occurs with continuous treatment .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

Transdermal nitroglycerin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, angina pectoris is a Participant_Condition, transdermal nitroglycerin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, tolerance to the antianginal effect is a Outcome_Other, transdermal nitroglycerin in is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, 12 is a Participant_Sample-size, beta - adrenergic blocking is a Intervention_Pharmacological, calcium channel blocking agents is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Exercise performance is a Outcome_Physical, Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression is a Outcome_Physical, tolerance to antianginal effect is a Outcome_Other

74713_task1

Sentence: Transdermal nitroglycerin in angina pectoris : efficacy of intermittent application . Continuous application of transdermal nitroglycerin appears to result in tolerance to the antianginal effect . In a double-blind study the effects of continuous ( 24 h/day ) and intermittent ( 16 h/day ) application of transdermal nitroglycerin in a dosage of 10 mg/day were compared with the effects of placebo in 12 patients with chronic stable angina receiving treatment with beta-adrenergic blocking or calcium channel blocking agents . Exercise performance was assessed 2 to 4 hours after initial application and after 1 week of each treatment given in random order with a 3 day interval between treatments . Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression were all significantly increased after initial application during the continuous and intermittent treatment periods . These increases were maintained after 1 week of intermittent but not continuous treatment . Thus the benefit of initial application of transdermal nitroglycerin is maintained with intermittent treatment and a daily nitrate-free interval , whereas tolerance to antianginal effect occurs with continuous treatment . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Transdermal nitroglycerin, angina pectoris, transdermal nitroglycerin, tolerance to the antianginal effect, transdermal nitroglycerin in, placebo, 12, beta - adrenergic blocking, calcium channel blocking agents, Exercise performance, Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression, tolerance to antianginal effect Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other

[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Transdermal nitroglycerin in angina pectoris : efficacy of intermittent application . Continuous application of transdermal nitroglycerin appears to result in tolerance to the antianginal effect . In a double-blind study the effects of continuous ( 24 h/day ) and intermittent ( 16 h/day ) application of transdermal nitroglycerin in a dosage of 10 mg/day were compared with the effects of placebo in 12 patients with chronic stable angina receiving treatment with beta-adrenergic blocking or calcium channel blocking agents . Exercise performance was assessed 2 to 4 hours after initial application and after 1 week of each treatment given in random order with a 3 day interval between treatments . Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression were all significantly increased after initial application during the continuous and intermittent treatment periods . These increases were maintained after 1 week of intermittent but not continuous treatment . Thus the benefit of initial application of transdermal nitroglycerin is maintained with intermittent treatment and a daily nitrate-free interval , whereas tolerance to antianginal effect occurs with continuous treatment .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

Transdermal nitroglycerin, angina pectoris, transdermal nitroglycerin, tolerance to the antianginal effect, transdermal nitroglycerin in, placebo, 12, beta - adrenergic blocking, calcium channel blocking agents, Exercise performance, Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression, tolerance to antianginal effect

74713_task2

Sentence: Transdermal nitroglycerin in angina pectoris : efficacy of intermittent application . Continuous application of transdermal nitroglycerin appears to result in tolerance to the antianginal effect . In a double-blind study the effects of continuous ( 24 h/day ) and intermittent ( 16 h/day ) application of transdermal nitroglycerin in a dosage of 10 mg/day were compared with the effects of placebo in 12 patients with chronic stable angina receiving treatment with beta-adrenergic blocking or calcium channel blocking agents . Exercise performance was assessed 2 to 4 hours after initial application and after 1 week of each treatment given in random order with a 3 day interval between treatments . Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression were all significantly increased after initial application during the continuous and intermittent treatment periods . These increases were maintained after 1 week of intermittent but not continuous treatment . Thus the benefit of initial application of transdermal nitroglycerin is maintained with intermittent treatment and a daily nitrate-free interval , whereas tolerance to antianginal effect occurs with continuous treatment . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Transdermal nitroglycerin in angina pectoris : efficacy of intermittent application . Continuous application of transdermal nitroglycerin appears to result in tolerance to the antianginal effect . In a double-blind study the effects of continuous ( 24 h/day ) and intermittent ( 16 h/day ) application of transdermal nitroglycerin in a dosage of 10 mg/day were compared with the effects of placebo in 12 patients with chronic stable angina receiving treatment with beta-adrenergic blocking or calcium channel blocking agents . Exercise performance was assessed 2 to 4 hours after initial application and after 1 week of each treatment given in random order with a 3 day interval between treatments . Exercise time to onset of angina , total exercise duration and time to 1 mm ST segment depression were all significantly increased after initial application during the continuous and intermittent treatment periods . These increases were maintained after 1 week of intermittent but not continuous treatment . Thus the benefit of initial application of transdermal nitroglycerin is maintained with intermittent treatment and a daily nitrate-free interval , whereas tolerance to antianginal effect occurs with continuous treatment .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

miotics is an umlsterm, intraocular pressure is an umlsterm, blood - aqueous barrier is an umlsterm, phacoemulsification is an umlsterm, implantation is an umlsterm

DerOpthalmologe.90960583.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Background : In the present study we evaluated the influence of topical miotics on intraocular pressure and the blood-aqueous barrier after uncomplicated phacoemulsification and PC-IOL implantation . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Background : In the present study we evaluated the influence of topical miotics on intraocular pressure and the blood-aqueous barrier after uncomplicated phacoemulsification and PC-IOL implantation .

[ "Background", ":", "In", "the", "present", "study", "we", "evaluated", "the", "influence", "of", "topical", "miotics", "on", "intraocular", "pressure", "and", "the", "blood", "-", "aqueous", "barrier", "after", "uncomplicated", "phacoemulsification", "and", "PC", "-", "IOL", "implantation", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

miotics is an umlsterm, intraocular pressure is an umlsterm, blood - aqueous barrier is an umlsterm, phacoemulsification is an umlsterm, implantation is an umlsterm

DerOpthalmologe.90960583.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Background : In the present study we evaluated the influence of topical miotics on intraocular pressure and the blood-aqueous barrier after uncomplicated phacoemulsification and PC-IOL implantation . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: miotics, intraocular pressure, blood - aqueous barrier, phacoemulsification, implantation Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Background : In the present study we evaluated the influence of topical miotics on intraocular pressure and the blood-aqueous barrier after uncomplicated phacoemulsification and PC-IOL implantation .

[ "Background", ":", "In", "the", "present", "study", "we", "evaluated", "the", "influence", "of", "topical", "miotics", "on", "intraocular", "pressure", "and", "the", "blood", "-", "aqueous", "barrier", "after", "uncomplicated", "phacoemulsification", "and", "PC", "-", "IOL", "implantation", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

miotics, intraocular pressure, blood - aqueous barrier, phacoemulsification, implantation

DerOpthalmologe.90960583.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Background : In the present study we evaluated the influence of topical miotics on intraocular pressure and the blood-aqueous barrier after uncomplicated phacoemulsification and PC-IOL implantation . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Background : In the present study we evaluated the influence of topical miotics on intraocular pressure and the blood-aqueous barrier after uncomplicated phacoemulsification and PC-IOL implantation .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

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DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Lung volume reduction ( LVR ) is a new surgical approach designed to relieve shortness of breath and to improve exercise tolerance in patients with severe lung emphysema . Selection of patients for LVR is based on history , clinical investigation , chest X-ray studies , CT scan , lung perfusion scan , lung function testing , and blood gas analysis . Selection criteria are severe emphysema ( FEV1 20-35 % pred . , TLC > 120 % pred . , RV > 250 % pred . ) , dyspnea despite optimized medical therapy , abstinence from smoking , acceptable nutritional status and rehabilitation potential . Patients with a uniform pattern of lung destruction benefit far less than those with a more localised pattern ( > 30 % on chest X-ray or CT scan ) with the remaining lung being quite normal and a reduced perfusion of only the damaged areas . Prior to the final decision for LVR , all patients are enrolled in a supervised rehabilitation programme of 4 weeks duration . Some patients benefit so much that LVR can be postponed . The surgical approach of choice is a median sternotomy for bilateral LVR when the upper lobes are the target areas and a bilateral thoracotomy if the lower lobes are mainly affected . When a bilateral procedure is contraindicated , a unilateral approach may be an option . It is not yet clear whether an approach by thoracoscopy allows adequate surgical removal of all affected areas and whether the morbidity is lower . Laser ablation is a further therapeutic option but is much less effective than the surgical resection . Reinforcement of sutures using bovine pericardium strips reduces the chance of a prolonged air leak but is expensive . The results from our institution in 57 patients 1 month after LVR surgery showed the following : improvement in dyspnea was a consistent finding in 88 % of patients , the 6-min walking distance increased on average by 150 m , the FEV1 by 0.3 l for unilateral LVR and 0.5 l for bilateral LVR . The mean PaO2 in ambient air increased 6 mmHg after unilateral and 8 mmHg after bilateral LVR . There was also a significant improvement in respiratory muscle function and a reduction in respiratory drive . A significant improvement in quality of life was documented in 83 % of the patients . Major hospital complications are prolonged air leak , pneumonia , and myocardial failure . Three cases of a delayed pneumothorax were observed . Early hospital mortality ( 30 days ) was 1.7 % and 90 days mortality 3.4 % . Few follow-up data are available beyond 1 year , and the long-term benefit of LVR surgery therefore remains to be defined . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Lung volume reduction ( LVR ) is a new surgical approach designed to relieve shortness of breath and to improve exercise tolerance in patients with severe lung emphysema . Selection of patients for LVR is based on history , clinical investigation , chest X-ray studies , CT scan , lung perfusion scan , lung function testing , and blood gas analysis . Selection criteria are severe emphysema ( FEV1 20-35 % pred . , TLC > 120 % pred . , RV > 250 % pred . ) , dyspnea despite optimized medical therapy , abstinence from smoking , acceptable nutritional status and rehabilitation potential . Patients with a uniform pattern of lung destruction benefit far less than those with a more localised pattern ( > 30 % on chest X-ray or CT scan ) with the remaining lung being quite normal and a reduced perfusion of only the damaged areas . Prior to the final decision for LVR , all patients are enrolled in a supervised rehabilitation programme of 4 weeks duration . Some patients benefit so much that LVR can be postponed . The surgical approach of choice is a median sternotomy for bilateral LVR when the upper lobes are the target areas and a bilateral thoracotomy if the lower lobes are mainly affected . When a bilateral procedure is contraindicated , a unilateral approach may be an option . It is not yet clear whether an approach by thoracoscopy allows adequate surgical removal of all affected areas and whether the morbidity is lower . Laser ablation is a further therapeutic option but is much less effective than the surgical resection . Reinforcement of sutures using bovine pericardium strips reduces the chance of a prolonged air leak but is expensive . The results from our institution in 57 patients 1 month after LVR surgery showed the following : improvement in dyspnea was a consistent finding in 88 % of patients , the 6-min walking distance increased on average by 150 m , the FEV1 by 0.3 l for unilateral LVR and 0.5 l for bilateral LVR . The mean PaO2 in ambient air increased 6 mmHg after unilateral and 8 mmHg after bilateral LVR . There was also a significant improvement in respiratory muscle function and a reduction in respiratory drive . A significant improvement in quality of life was documented in 83 % of the patients . Major hospital complications are prolonged air leak , pneumonia , and myocardial failure . Three cases of a delayed pneumothorax were observed . Early hospital mortality ( 30 days ) was 1.7 % and 90 days mortality 3.4 % . Few follow-up data are available beyond 1 year , and the long-term benefit of LVR surgery therefore remains to be defined .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

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DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Lung volume reduction ( LVR ) is a new surgical approach designed to relieve shortness of breath and to improve exercise tolerance in patients with severe lung emphysema . Selection of patients for LVR is based on history , clinical investigation , chest X-ray studies , CT scan , lung perfusion scan , lung function testing , and blood gas analysis . Selection criteria are severe emphysema ( FEV1 20-35 % pred . , TLC > 120 % pred . , RV > 250 % pred . ) , dyspnea despite optimized medical therapy , abstinence from smoking , acceptable nutritional status and rehabilitation potential . Patients with a uniform pattern of lung destruction benefit far less than those with a more localised pattern ( > 30 % on chest X-ray or CT scan ) with the remaining lung being quite normal and a reduced perfusion of only the damaged areas . Prior to the final decision for LVR , all patients are enrolled in a supervised rehabilitation programme of 4 weeks duration . Some patients benefit so much that LVR can be postponed . The surgical approach of choice is a median sternotomy for bilateral LVR when the upper lobes are the target areas and a bilateral thoracotomy if the lower lobes are mainly affected . When a bilateral procedure is contraindicated , a unilateral approach may be an option . It is not yet clear whether an approach by thoracoscopy allows adequate surgical removal of all affected areas and whether the morbidity is lower . Laser ablation is a further therapeutic option but is much less effective than the surgical resection . Reinforcement of sutures using bovine pericardium strips reduces the chance of a prolonged air leak but is expensive . The results from our institution in 57 patients 1 month after LVR surgery showed the following : improvement in dyspnea was a consistent finding in 88 % of patients , the 6-min walking distance increased on average by 150 m , the FEV1 by 0.3 l for unilateral LVR and 0.5 l for bilateral LVR . The mean PaO2 in ambient air increased 6 mmHg after unilateral and 8 mmHg after bilateral LVR . There was also a significant improvement in respiratory muscle function and a reduction in respiratory drive . A significant improvement in quality of life was documented in 83 % of the patients . Major hospital complications are prolonged air leak , pneumonia , and myocardial failure . Three cases of a delayed pneumothorax were observed . Early hospital mortality ( 30 days ) was 1.7 % and 90 days mortality 3.4 % . Few follow-up data are available beyond 1 year , and the long-term benefit of LVR surgery therefore remains to be defined . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Lung volume reduction, surgical, shortness of breath, exercise tolerance, patients, lung, emphysema, Selection, patients, history, clinical investigation, chest, X - ray, CT scan, lung, perfusion, lung, function, testing, blood gas analysis, Selection criteria, emphysema, TLC, dyspnea, therapy, smoking, nutritional status, rehabilitation, Patients, lung, chest, X - ray, CT scan, lung, perfusion, patients, rehabilitation, patients, surgical, choice, thoracotomy, procedure, thoracoscopy, surgical, morbidity, Laser, therapeutic, surgical, Reinforcement, sutures, bovine, pericardium, air, patients, surgery, dyspnea, finding, patients, distance, air, respiratory muscle, function, drive, quality of life, patients, hospital, complications, air, pneumonia, pneumothorax, hospital mortality, mortality, surgery Options: umlsterm

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Lung volume reduction ( LVR ) is a new surgical approach designed to relieve shortness of breath and to improve exercise tolerance in patients with severe lung emphysema . Selection of patients for LVR is based on history , clinical investigation , chest X-ray studies , CT scan , lung perfusion scan , lung function testing , and blood gas analysis . Selection criteria are severe emphysema ( FEV1 20-35 % pred . , TLC > 120 % pred . , RV > 250 % pred . ) , dyspnea despite optimized medical therapy , abstinence from smoking , acceptable nutritional status and rehabilitation potential . Patients with a uniform pattern of lung destruction benefit far less than those with a more localised pattern ( > 30 % on chest X-ray or CT scan ) with the remaining lung being quite normal and a reduced perfusion of only the damaged areas . Prior to the final decision for LVR , all patients are enrolled in a supervised rehabilitation programme of 4 weeks duration . Some patients benefit so much that LVR can be postponed . The surgical approach of choice is a median sternotomy for bilateral LVR when the upper lobes are the target areas and a bilateral thoracotomy if the lower lobes are mainly affected . When a bilateral procedure is contraindicated , a unilateral approach may be an option . It is not yet clear whether an approach by thoracoscopy allows adequate surgical removal of all affected areas and whether the morbidity is lower . Laser ablation is a further therapeutic option but is much less effective than the surgical resection . Reinforcement of sutures using bovine pericardium strips reduces the chance of a prolonged air leak but is expensive . The results from our institution in 57 patients 1 month after LVR surgery showed the following : improvement in dyspnea was a consistent finding in 88 % of patients , the 6-min walking distance increased on average by 150 m , the FEV1 by 0.3 l for unilateral LVR and 0.5 l for bilateral LVR . The mean PaO2 in ambient air increased 6 mmHg after unilateral and 8 mmHg after bilateral LVR . There was also a significant improvement in respiratory muscle function and a reduction in respiratory drive . A significant improvement in quality of life was documented in 83 % of the patients . Major hospital complications are prolonged air leak , pneumonia , and myocardial failure . Three cases of a delayed pneumothorax were observed . Early hospital mortality ( 30 days ) was 1.7 % and 90 days mortality 3.4 % . Few follow-up data are available beyond 1 year , and the long-term benefit of LVR surgery therefore remains to be defined .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Lung volume reduction, surgical, shortness of breath, exercise tolerance, patients, lung, emphysema, Selection, patients, history, clinical investigation, chest, X - ray, CT scan, lung, perfusion, lung, function, testing, blood gas analysis, Selection criteria, emphysema, TLC, dyspnea, therapy, smoking, nutritional status, rehabilitation, Patients, lung, chest, X - ray, CT scan, lung, perfusion, patients, rehabilitation, patients, surgical, choice, thoracotomy, procedure, thoracoscopy, surgical, morbidity, Laser, therapeutic, surgical, Reinforcement, sutures, bovine, pericardium, air, patients, surgery, dyspnea, finding, patients, distance, air, respiratory muscle, function, drive, quality of life, patients, hospital, complications, air, pneumonia, pneumothorax, hospital mortality, mortality, surgery

DerChirurg.60671204.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Lung volume reduction ( LVR ) is a new surgical approach designed to relieve shortness of breath and to improve exercise tolerance in patients with severe lung emphysema . Selection of patients for LVR is based on history , clinical investigation , chest X-ray studies , CT scan , lung perfusion scan , lung function testing , and blood gas analysis . Selection criteria are severe emphysema ( FEV1 20-35 % pred . , TLC > 120 % pred . , RV > 250 % pred . ) , dyspnea despite optimized medical therapy , abstinence from smoking , acceptable nutritional status and rehabilitation potential . Patients with a uniform pattern of lung destruction benefit far less than those with a more localised pattern ( > 30 % on chest X-ray or CT scan ) with the remaining lung being quite normal and a reduced perfusion of only the damaged areas . Prior to the final decision for LVR , all patients are enrolled in a supervised rehabilitation programme of 4 weeks duration . Some patients benefit so much that LVR can be postponed . The surgical approach of choice is a median sternotomy for bilateral LVR when the upper lobes are the target areas and a bilateral thoracotomy if the lower lobes are mainly affected . When a bilateral procedure is contraindicated , a unilateral approach may be an option . It is not yet clear whether an approach by thoracoscopy allows adequate surgical removal of all affected areas and whether the morbidity is lower . Laser ablation is a further therapeutic option but is much less effective than the surgical resection . Reinforcement of sutures using bovine pericardium strips reduces the chance of a prolonged air leak but is expensive . The results from our institution in 57 patients 1 month after LVR surgery showed the following : improvement in dyspnea was a consistent finding in 88 % of patients , the 6-min walking distance increased on average by 150 m , the FEV1 by 0.3 l for unilateral LVR and 0.5 l for bilateral LVR . The mean PaO2 in ambient air increased 6 mmHg after unilateral and 8 mmHg after bilateral LVR . There was also a significant improvement in respiratory muscle function and a reduction in respiratory drive . A significant improvement in quality of life was documented in 83 % of the patients . Major hospital complications are prolonged air leak , pneumonia , and myocardial failure . Three cases of a delayed pneumothorax were observed . Early hospital mortality ( 30 days ) was 1.7 % and 90 days mortality 3.4 % . Few follow-up data are available beyond 1 year , and the long-term benefit of LVR surgery therefore remains to be defined . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Lung volume reduction ( LVR ) is a new surgical approach designed to relieve shortness of breath and to improve exercise tolerance in patients with severe lung emphysema . Selection of patients for LVR is based on history , clinical investigation , chest X-ray studies , CT scan , lung perfusion scan , lung function testing , and blood gas analysis . Selection criteria are severe emphysema ( FEV1 20-35 % pred . , TLC > 120 % pred . , RV > 250 % pred . ) , dyspnea despite optimized medical therapy , abstinence from smoking , acceptable nutritional status and rehabilitation potential . Patients with a uniform pattern of lung destruction benefit far less than those with a more localised pattern ( > 30 % on chest X-ray or CT scan ) with the remaining lung being quite normal and a reduced perfusion of only the damaged areas . Prior to the final decision for LVR , all patients are enrolled in a supervised rehabilitation programme of 4 weeks duration . Some patients benefit so much that LVR can be postponed . The surgical approach of choice is a median sternotomy for bilateral LVR when the upper lobes are the target areas and a bilateral thoracotomy if the lower lobes are mainly affected . When a bilateral procedure is contraindicated , a unilateral approach may be an option . It is not yet clear whether an approach by thoracoscopy allows adequate surgical removal of all affected areas and whether the morbidity is lower . Laser ablation is a further therapeutic option but is much less effective than the surgical resection . Reinforcement of sutures using bovine pericardium strips reduces the chance of a prolonged air leak but is expensive . The results from our institution in 57 patients 1 month after LVR surgery showed the following : improvement in dyspnea was a consistent finding in 88 % of patients , the 6-min walking distance increased on average by 150 m , the FEV1 by 0.3 l for unilateral LVR and 0.5 l for bilateral LVR . The mean PaO2 in ambient air increased 6 mmHg after unilateral and 8 mmHg after bilateral LVR . There was also a significant improvement in respiratory muscle function and a reduction in respiratory drive . A significant improvement in quality of life was documented in 83 % of the patients . Major hospital complications are prolonged air leak , pneumonia , and myocardial failure . Three cases of a delayed pneumothorax were observed . Early hospital mortality ( 30 days ) was 1.7 % and 90 days mortality 3.4 % . Few follow-up data are available beyond 1 year , and the long-term benefit of LVR surgery therefore remains to be defined .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

hepatotoxicity is a ADVERSE, type 2 diabetes mellitus is a DISEASE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, cirrhosis is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, mitochondrial toxicity is a ADVERSE, mitochondrial hepatotoxic events is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, mitochondrial toxicity is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE

example-265_task0

Sentence: Mitochondrial dysfunction and delayed hepatotoxicity: another lesson from troglitazone. AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Troglitazone was approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, but by 2000 it had been removed from all world markets due to severe drug-induced liver injury. Even today, we still do not know how many patients sustained a long-term liver injury. No system is in place to acquire that knowledge. Regarding toxicity mechanisms, controversy persists as to which ones are class effects of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and which are unique to troglitazone. This study aims to provide long-term outcome data and new insights on mechanisms of troglitazone-induced liver injury. METHODS: This case series reports the liver injuries sustained by eleven type 2 diabetic patients treated with troglitazone between 1997 and 2000. Exhaustive review of medical records was performed for all patients. Long-term outcomes were available for all the non-fatal cases. A comprehensive literature review was also performed. RESULTS: Long-term liver injury progressing to cirrhosis was identified in seven patients. All eleven cases had liver injury patterns consistent with troglitazone toxicity. Analysis of these cases and of the experimental troglitazone toxicity data points to mitochondrial toxicity as a central factor. The general clinical patterns of mitochondrial hepatotoxic events are reviewed, as are the implications for other members of the TZD family. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: This analysis enables the liver injury induced by troglitazone to be better understood. In future cases of delayed drug-induced liver injury that progresses after discontinuation, the possibility of mitochondrial toxicity should be considered. When appropriate, this can then be evaluated experimentally. Such proactive investigation may anticipate clinical risk before a large-scale therapeutic misadventure occurs. Drug-induced liver injury due to mitochondrial hepatotoxins may be less unpredictable than has previously been surmised. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: ADVERSE, DISEASE

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Mitochondrial dysfunction and delayed hepatotoxicity: another lesson from troglitazone. AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Troglitazone was approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, but by 2000 it had been removed from all world markets due to severe drug-induced liver injury. Even today, we still do not know how many patients sustained a long-term liver injury. No system is in place to acquire that knowledge. Regarding toxicity mechanisms, controversy persists as to which ones are class effects of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and which are unique to troglitazone. This study aims to provide long-term outcome data and new insights on mechanisms of troglitazone-induced liver injury. METHODS: This case series reports the liver injuries sustained by eleven type 2 diabetic patients treated with troglitazone between 1997 and 2000. Exhaustive review of medical records was performed for all patients. Long-term outcomes were available for all the non-fatal cases. A comprehensive literature review was also performed. RESULTS: Long-term liver injury progressing to cirrhosis was identified in seven patients. All eleven cases had liver injury patterns consistent with troglitazone toxicity. Analysis of these cases and of the experimental troglitazone toxicity data points to mitochondrial toxicity as a central factor. The general clinical patterns of mitochondrial hepatotoxic events are reviewed, as are the implications for other members of the TZD family. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: This analysis enables the liver injury induced by troglitazone to be better understood. In future cases of delayed drug-induced liver injury that progresses after discontinuation, the possibility of mitochondrial toxicity should be considered. When appropriate, this can then be evaluated experimentally. Such proactive investigation may anticipate clinical risk before a large-scale therapeutic misadventure occurs. Drug-induced liver injury due to mitochondrial hepatotoxins may be less unpredictable than has previously been surmised.

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[ "ADVERSE", "DISEASE" ]

hepatotoxicity is a ADVERSE, type 2 diabetes mellitus is a DISEASE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, cirrhosis is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, mitochondrial toxicity is a ADVERSE, mitochondrial hepatotoxic events is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE, mitochondrial toxicity is a ADVERSE, liver injury is a ADVERSE

example-265_task1

Sentence: Mitochondrial dysfunction and delayed hepatotoxicity: another lesson from troglitazone. AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Troglitazone was approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, but by 2000 it had been removed from all world markets due to severe drug-induced liver injury. Even today, we still do not know how many patients sustained a long-term liver injury. No system is in place to acquire that knowledge. Regarding toxicity mechanisms, controversy persists as to which ones are class effects of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and which are unique to troglitazone. This study aims to provide long-term outcome data and new insights on mechanisms of troglitazone-induced liver injury. METHODS: This case series reports the liver injuries sustained by eleven type 2 diabetic patients treated with troglitazone between 1997 and 2000. Exhaustive review of medical records was performed for all patients. Long-term outcomes were available for all the non-fatal cases. A comprehensive literature review was also performed. RESULTS: Long-term liver injury progressing to cirrhosis was identified in seven patients. All eleven cases had liver injury patterns consistent with troglitazone toxicity. Analysis of these cases and of the experimental troglitazone toxicity data points to mitochondrial toxicity as a central factor. The general clinical patterns of mitochondrial hepatotoxic events are reviewed, as are the implications for other members of the TZD family. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: This analysis enables the liver injury induced by troglitazone to be better understood. In future cases of delayed drug-induced liver injury that progresses after discontinuation, the possibility of mitochondrial toxicity should be considered. When appropriate, this can then be evaluated experimentally. Such proactive investigation may anticipate clinical risk before a large-scale therapeutic misadventure occurs. Drug-induced liver injury due to mitochondrial hepatotoxins may be less unpredictable than has previously been surmised. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: hepatotoxicity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, liver injury, liver injury, liver injury, liver injury, cirrhosis, liver injury, mitochondrial toxicity, mitochondrial hepatotoxic events, liver injury, liver injury, mitochondrial toxicity, liver injury Options: ADVERSE, DISEASE

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Mitochondrial dysfunction and delayed hepatotoxicity: another lesson from troglitazone. AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Troglitazone was approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, but by 2000 it had been removed from all world markets due to severe drug-induced liver injury. Even today, we still do not know how many patients sustained a long-term liver injury. No system is in place to acquire that knowledge. Regarding toxicity mechanisms, controversy persists as to which ones are class effects of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and which are unique to troglitazone. This study aims to provide long-term outcome data and new insights on mechanisms of troglitazone-induced liver injury. METHODS: This case series reports the liver injuries sustained by eleven type 2 diabetic patients treated with troglitazone between 1997 and 2000. Exhaustive review of medical records was performed for all patients. Long-term outcomes were available for all the non-fatal cases. A comprehensive literature review was also performed. RESULTS: Long-term liver injury progressing to cirrhosis was identified in seven patients. All eleven cases had liver injury patterns consistent with troglitazone toxicity. Analysis of these cases and of the experimental troglitazone toxicity data points to mitochondrial toxicity as a central factor. The general clinical patterns of mitochondrial hepatotoxic events are reviewed, as are the implications for other members of the TZD family. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: This analysis enables the liver injury induced by troglitazone to be better understood. In future cases of delayed drug-induced liver injury that progresses after discontinuation, the possibility of mitochondrial toxicity should be considered. When appropriate, this can then be evaluated experimentally. Such proactive investigation may anticipate clinical risk before a large-scale therapeutic misadventure occurs. Drug-induced liver injury due to mitochondrial hepatotoxins may be less unpredictable than has previously been surmised.

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[ "ADVERSE", "DISEASE" ]

hepatotoxicity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, liver injury, liver injury, liver injury, liver injury, cirrhosis, liver injury, mitochondrial toxicity, mitochondrial hepatotoxic events, liver injury, liver injury, mitochondrial toxicity, liver injury

example-265_task2

Sentence: Mitochondrial dysfunction and delayed hepatotoxicity: another lesson from troglitazone. AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Troglitazone was approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, but by 2000 it had been removed from all world markets due to severe drug-induced liver injury. Even today, we still do not know how many patients sustained a long-term liver injury. No system is in place to acquire that knowledge. Regarding toxicity mechanisms, controversy persists as to which ones are class effects of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and which are unique to troglitazone. This study aims to provide long-term outcome data and new insights on mechanisms of troglitazone-induced liver injury. METHODS: This case series reports the liver injuries sustained by eleven type 2 diabetic patients treated with troglitazone between 1997 and 2000. Exhaustive review of medical records was performed for all patients. Long-term outcomes were available for all the non-fatal cases. A comprehensive literature review was also performed. RESULTS: Long-term liver injury progressing to cirrhosis was identified in seven patients. All eleven cases had liver injury patterns consistent with troglitazone toxicity. Analysis of these cases and of the experimental troglitazone toxicity data points to mitochondrial toxicity as a central factor. The general clinical patterns of mitochondrial hepatotoxic events are reviewed, as are the implications for other members of the TZD family. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: This analysis enables the liver injury induced by troglitazone to be better understood. In future cases of delayed drug-induced liver injury that progresses after discontinuation, the possibility of mitochondrial toxicity should be considered. When appropriate, this can then be evaluated experimentally. Such proactive investigation may anticipate clinical risk before a large-scale therapeutic misadventure occurs. Drug-induced liver injury due to mitochondrial hepatotoxins may be less unpredictable than has previously been surmised. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Mitochondrial dysfunction and delayed hepatotoxicity: another lesson from troglitazone. AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Troglitazone was approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, but by 2000 it had been removed from all world markets due to severe drug-induced liver injury. Even today, we still do not know how many patients sustained a long-term liver injury. No system is in place to acquire that knowledge. Regarding toxicity mechanisms, controversy persists as to which ones are class effects of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and which are unique to troglitazone. This study aims to provide long-term outcome data and new insights on mechanisms of troglitazone-induced liver injury. METHODS: This case series reports the liver injuries sustained by eleven type 2 diabetic patients treated with troglitazone between 1997 and 2000. Exhaustive review of medical records was performed for all patients. Long-term outcomes were available for all the non-fatal cases. A comprehensive literature review was also performed. RESULTS: Long-term liver injury progressing to cirrhosis was identified in seven patients. All eleven cases had liver injury patterns consistent with troglitazone toxicity. Analysis of these cases and of the experimental troglitazone toxicity data points to mitochondrial toxicity as a central factor. The general clinical patterns of mitochondrial hepatotoxic events are reviewed, as are the implications for other members of the TZD family. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: This analysis enables the liver injury induced by troglitazone to be better understood. In future cases of delayed drug-induced liver injury that progresses after discontinuation, the possibility of mitochondrial toxicity should be considered. When appropriate, this can then be evaluated experimentally. Such proactive investigation may anticipate clinical risk before a large-scale therapeutic misadventure occurs. Drug-induced liver injury due to mitochondrial hepatotoxins may be less unpredictable than has previously been surmised.

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[ "ADVERSE", "DISEASE" ]

c - Fos is a Protein, c - Fos is a Protein, c - Fos is a Protein

739_task0

Sentence: Role of the X2 box in activated transcription from the DRA promoter in B cells. We investigated the function of the evolutionary conserved X2 box in the promoter of the HLA-DRA gene from the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in resting and activated B cells. NF-X2, which contains members of the AP-1/ATF/CREB families of transcription factors, interacts with the X2 box (5'-TGCGTCA-3') from positions -97 to -91 in the DRA promoter. In resting Raji cells, little to no binding to the X2 box was observed. In sharp contrast, in B cells treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), strong interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2 containing c-Fos were observed. As determined by transient expression and RNA analyses, the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) also increased rates of transcription from the wild-type DRA promoter but not from a DRA promoter bearing clustered point mutations in the X2 box. Since the co-expression with a dominant negative c-Fos abolished the responsiveness to TPA, we conclude that activated transcription of the DRA gene depends on interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2, which contains c-Fos. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Protein

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Role of the X2 box in activated transcription from the DRA promoter in B cells. We investigated the function of the evolutionary conserved X2 box in the promoter of the HLA-DRA gene from the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in resting and activated B cells. NF-X2, which contains members of the AP-1/ATF/CREB families of transcription factors, interacts with the X2 box (5'-TGCGTCA-3') from positions -97 to -91 in the DRA promoter. In resting Raji cells, little to no binding to the X2 box was observed. In sharp contrast, in B cells treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), strong interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2 containing c-Fos were observed. As determined by transient expression and RNA analyses, the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) also increased rates of transcription from the wild-type DRA promoter but not from a DRA promoter bearing clustered point mutations in the X2 box. Since the co-expression with a dominant negative c-Fos abolished the responsiveness to TPA, we conclude that activated transcription of the DRA gene depends on interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2, which contains c-Fos.

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[ "Protein" ]

c - Fos is a Protein, c - Fos is a Protein, c - Fos is a Protein

739_task1

Sentence: Role of the X2 box in activated transcription from the DRA promoter in B cells. We investigated the function of the evolutionary conserved X2 box in the promoter of the HLA-DRA gene from the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in resting and activated B cells. NF-X2, which contains members of the AP-1/ATF/CREB families of transcription factors, interacts with the X2 box (5'-TGCGTCA-3') from positions -97 to -91 in the DRA promoter. In resting Raji cells, little to no binding to the X2 box was observed. In sharp contrast, in B cells treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), strong interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2 containing c-Fos were observed. As determined by transient expression and RNA analyses, the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) also increased rates of transcription from the wild-type DRA promoter but not from a DRA promoter bearing clustered point mutations in the X2 box. Since the co-expression with a dominant negative c-Fos abolished the responsiveness to TPA, we conclude that activated transcription of the DRA gene depends on interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2, which contains c-Fos. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: c - Fos, c - Fos, c - Fos Options: Protein

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Role of the X2 box in activated transcription from the DRA promoter in B cells. We investigated the function of the evolutionary conserved X2 box in the promoter of the HLA-DRA gene from the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in resting and activated B cells. NF-X2, which contains members of the AP-1/ATF/CREB families of transcription factors, interacts with the X2 box (5'-TGCGTCA-3') from positions -97 to -91 in the DRA promoter. In resting Raji cells, little to no binding to the X2 box was observed. In sharp contrast, in B cells treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), strong interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2 containing c-Fos were observed. As determined by transient expression and RNA analyses, the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) also increased rates of transcription from the wild-type DRA promoter but not from a DRA promoter bearing clustered point mutations in the X2 box. Since the co-expression with a dominant negative c-Fos abolished the responsiveness to TPA, we conclude that activated transcription of the DRA gene depends on interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2, which contains c-Fos.

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[ "Protein" ]

c - Fos, c - Fos, c - Fos

739_task2

Sentence: Role of the X2 box in activated transcription from the DRA promoter in B cells. We investigated the function of the evolutionary conserved X2 box in the promoter of the HLA-DRA gene from the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in resting and activated B cells. NF-X2, which contains members of the AP-1/ATF/CREB families of transcription factors, interacts with the X2 box (5'-TGCGTCA-3') from positions -97 to -91 in the DRA promoter. In resting Raji cells, little to no binding to the X2 box was observed. In sharp contrast, in B cells treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), strong interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2 containing c-Fos were observed. As determined by transient expression and RNA analyses, the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) also increased rates of transcription from the wild-type DRA promoter but not from a DRA promoter bearing clustered point mutations in the X2 box. Since the co-expression with a dominant negative c-Fos abolished the responsiveness to TPA, we conclude that activated transcription of the DRA gene depends on interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2, which contains c-Fos. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Role of the X2 box in activated transcription from the DRA promoter in B cells. We investigated the function of the evolutionary conserved X2 box in the promoter of the HLA-DRA gene from the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in resting and activated B cells. NF-X2, which contains members of the AP-1/ATF/CREB families of transcription factors, interacts with the X2 box (5'-TGCGTCA-3') from positions -97 to -91 in the DRA promoter. In resting Raji cells, little to no binding to the X2 box was observed. In sharp contrast, in B cells treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), strong interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2 containing c-Fos were observed. As determined by transient expression and RNA analyses, the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) also increased rates of transcription from the wild-type DRA promoter but not from a DRA promoter bearing clustered point mutations in the X2 box. Since the co-expression with a dominant negative c-Fos abolished the responsiveness to TPA, we conclude that activated transcription of the DRA gene depends on interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2, which contains c-Fos.

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[ "Protein" ]

p16INK4a is a Gene_or_gene_product, RB is a Gene_or_gene_product, p16INK4a is a Gene_or_gene_product, CDK4 is a Gene_or_gene_product, CDK6 is a Gene_or_gene_product, D - type cyclin - dependent kinases is a Gene_or_gene_product, RB is a Gene_or_gene_product, p16INK4a is a Gene_or_gene_product, p16INK4a is a Gene_or_gene_product

130_task0

Sentence: The p16INK4a-RB pathway: molecular link between cellular senescence and tumor suppression. The p16INK4a tumor suppressor protein functions as an inhibitor of CDK4 and CDK6, the D-type cyclin-dependent kinases that initiate the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein, RB. Thus, p16INK4a has the capacity to arrest cells in the G1-phase of the cell cycle and its probable physiological role is in the implementation of irreversible growth arrest termed cellular senescence. Cellular senescence is a state of permanent growth arrest that can be induced by a variety of stresses such as DNA-damage and aberrant mitogenic signaling in human primary cells. In contrast to normal cells, the function of the p16INK4a gene or its downstream mediators is frequently deregulated in many types of human cancers, illustrating the importance of cellular senescence in tumor suppression. Here we discuss the molecular mechanisms that direct cellular senescence and reveal its potential for tumor suppression. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Gene_or_gene_product

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The p16INK4a-RB pathway: molecular link between cellular senescence and tumor suppression. The p16INK4a tumor suppressor protein functions as an inhibitor of CDK4 and CDK6, the D-type cyclin-dependent kinases that initiate the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein, RB. Thus, p16INK4a has the capacity to arrest cells in the G1-phase of the cell cycle and its probable physiological role is in the implementation of irreversible growth arrest termed cellular senescence. Cellular senescence is a state of permanent growth arrest that can be induced by a variety of stresses such as DNA-damage and aberrant mitogenic signaling in human primary cells. In contrast to normal cells, the function of the p16INK4a gene or its downstream mediators is frequently deregulated in many types of human cancers, illustrating the importance of cellular senescence in tumor suppression. Here we discuss the molecular mechanisms that direct cellular senescence and reveal its potential for tumor suppression.

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[ "Gene_or_gene_product" ]

p16INK4a is a Gene_or_gene_product, RB is a Gene_or_gene_product, p16INK4a is a Gene_or_gene_product, CDK4 is a Gene_or_gene_product, CDK6 is a Gene_or_gene_product, D - type cyclin - dependent kinases is a Gene_or_gene_product, RB is a Gene_or_gene_product, p16INK4a is a Gene_or_gene_product, p16INK4a is a Gene_or_gene_product

130_task1

Sentence: The p16INK4a-RB pathway: molecular link between cellular senescence and tumor suppression. The p16INK4a tumor suppressor protein functions as an inhibitor of CDK4 and CDK6, the D-type cyclin-dependent kinases that initiate the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein, RB. Thus, p16INK4a has the capacity to arrest cells in the G1-phase of the cell cycle and its probable physiological role is in the implementation of irreversible growth arrest termed cellular senescence. Cellular senescence is a state of permanent growth arrest that can be induced by a variety of stresses such as DNA-damage and aberrant mitogenic signaling in human primary cells. In contrast to normal cells, the function of the p16INK4a gene or its downstream mediators is frequently deregulated in many types of human cancers, illustrating the importance of cellular senescence in tumor suppression. Here we discuss the molecular mechanisms that direct cellular senescence and reveal its potential for tumor suppression. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: p16INK4a, RB, p16INK4a, CDK4, CDK6, D - type cyclin - dependent kinases, RB, p16INK4a, p16INK4a Options: Gene_or_gene_product

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The p16INK4a-RB pathway: molecular link between cellular senescence and tumor suppression. The p16INK4a tumor suppressor protein functions as an inhibitor of CDK4 and CDK6, the D-type cyclin-dependent kinases that initiate the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein, RB. Thus, p16INK4a has the capacity to arrest cells in the G1-phase of the cell cycle and its probable physiological role is in the implementation of irreversible growth arrest termed cellular senescence. Cellular senescence is a state of permanent growth arrest that can be induced by a variety of stresses such as DNA-damage and aberrant mitogenic signaling in human primary cells. In contrast to normal cells, the function of the p16INK4a gene or its downstream mediators is frequently deregulated in many types of human cancers, illustrating the importance of cellular senescence in tumor suppression. Here we discuss the molecular mechanisms that direct cellular senescence and reveal its potential for tumor suppression.

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[ "Gene_or_gene_product" ]

p16INK4a, RB, p16INK4a, CDK4, CDK6, D - type cyclin - dependent kinases, RB, p16INK4a, p16INK4a

130_task2

Sentence: The p16INK4a-RB pathway: molecular link between cellular senescence and tumor suppression. The p16INK4a tumor suppressor protein functions as an inhibitor of CDK4 and CDK6, the D-type cyclin-dependent kinases that initiate the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein, RB. Thus, p16INK4a has the capacity to arrest cells in the G1-phase of the cell cycle and its probable physiological role is in the implementation of irreversible growth arrest termed cellular senescence. Cellular senescence is a state of permanent growth arrest that can be induced by a variety of stresses such as DNA-damage and aberrant mitogenic signaling in human primary cells. In contrast to normal cells, the function of the p16INK4a gene or its downstream mediators is frequently deregulated in many types of human cancers, illustrating the importance of cellular senescence in tumor suppression. Here we discuss the molecular mechanisms that direct cellular senescence and reveal its potential for tumor suppression. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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The p16INK4a-RB pathway: molecular link between cellular senescence and tumor suppression. The p16INK4a tumor suppressor protein functions as an inhibitor of CDK4 and CDK6, the D-type cyclin-dependent kinases that initiate the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein, RB. Thus, p16INK4a has the capacity to arrest cells in the G1-phase of the cell cycle and its probable physiological role is in the implementation of irreversible growth arrest termed cellular senescence. Cellular senescence is a state of permanent growth arrest that can be induced by a variety of stresses such as DNA-damage and aberrant mitogenic signaling in human primary cells. In contrast to normal cells, the function of the p16INK4a gene or its downstream mediators is frequently deregulated in many types of human cancers, illustrating the importance of cellular senescence in tumor suppression. Here we discuss the molecular mechanisms that direct cellular senescence and reveal its potential for tumor suppression.

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[ "Gene_or_gene_product" ]

Bronchiolitis obliterans is an umlsterm, pneumonia is an umlsterm, BOOP is an umlsterm, syndrome is an umlsterm, etiology is an umlsterm, connective tissue is an umlsterm, bronchioles is an umlsterm, cell is an umlsterm, bronchioles is an umlsterm, foam cells is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, BOOP is an umlsterm, respiratory failure is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, Chest is an umlsterm, radiography is an umlsterm, computed tomography is an umlsterm, bronchoalveolar lavage is an umlsterm, BAL is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, lung is an umlsterm, biopsy is an umlsterm, diagnostic is an umlsterm, techniques is an umlsterm, BOOP is an umlsterm, abnormality is an umlsterm, glass is an umlsterm, roentgenographic is an umlsterm, lymphocytosis is an umlsterm, BAL is an umlsterm, usual interstitial pneumonitis is an umlsterm, BOOP is an umlsterm, biopsy is an umlsterm, risk factors is an umlsterm, fatal outcome is an umlsterm

DerRadiologe.60360560.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia ( BOOP ) is a clinicopathological syndrome of unknown etiology . Histopathologically , it is characterized by plugs of fibroplastic connective tissue within respiratory bronchioles , mononuclear cell infiltrates in parenchyma adjacent to the affected bronchioles and foam cells within alveolar airspaces . The disease usually presents as a subacute illness with complete resolution . A subset of BOOP , however , is associated with a fulminant course and a high lethality due to respiratory failure . Early diagnosis and therapy are mandatory . Chest radiography , computed tomography ( CT ) , bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) and open lung biopsy are the primary diagnostic techniques . Radiographically , BOOP is characterized by patchy areas of consolidation that are usually bilateral , peripheral and often migratory . In some cases small , round opacities may be observed as the only abnormality . CT can show the pattern of ground glass opacities , areas of airspace consolidation and small , round opacities , while considerable fibrotic change is usually not seen . A reticular roentgenographic pattern , fibrotic changes mainly in subpleural location at CT , lack of lymphocytosis in BAL fluid and histological features of usual interstitial pneumonitis and BOOP in biopsy specimens are all considered risk factors for a fatal outcome . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia ( BOOP ) is a clinicopathological syndrome of unknown etiology . Histopathologically , it is characterized by plugs of fibroplastic connective tissue within respiratory bronchioles , mononuclear cell infiltrates in parenchyma adjacent to the affected bronchioles and foam cells within alveolar airspaces . The disease usually presents as a subacute illness with complete resolution . A subset of BOOP , however , is associated with a fulminant course and a high lethality due to respiratory failure . Early diagnosis and therapy are mandatory . Chest radiography , computed tomography ( CT ) , bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) and open lung biopsy are the primary diagnostic techniques . Radiographically , BOOP is characterized by patchy areas of consolidation that are usually bilateral , peripheral and often migratory . In some cases small , round opacities may be observed as the only abnormality . CT can show the pattern of ground glass opacities , areas of airspace consolidation and small , round opacities , while considerable fibrotic change is usually not seen . A reticular roentgenographic pattern , fibrotic changes mainly in subpleural location at CT , lack of lymphocytosis in BAL fluid and histological features of usual interstitial pneumonitis and BOOP in biopsy specimens are all considered risk factors for a fatal outcome .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Bronchiolitis obliterans is an umlsterm, pneumonia is an umlsterm, BOOP is an umlsterm, syndrome is an umlsterm, etiology is an umlsterm, connective tissue is an umlsterm, bronchioles is an umlsterm, cell is an umlsterm, bronchioles is an umlsterm, foam cells is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, BOOP is an umlsterm, respiratory failure is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, Chest is an umlsterm, radiography is an umlsterm, computed tomography is an umlsterm, bronchoalveolar lavage is an umlsterm, BAL is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, lung is an umlsterm, biopsy is an umlsterm, diagnostic is an umlsterm, techniques is an umlsterm, BOOP is an umlsterm, abnormality is an umlsterm, glass is an umlsterm, roentgenographic is an umlsterm, lymphocytosis is an umlsterm, BAL is an umlsterm, usual interstitial pneumonitis is an umlsterm, BOOP is an umlsterm, biopsy is an umlsterm, risk factors is an umlsterm, fatal outcome is an umlsterm

DerRadiologe.60360560.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia ( BOOP ) is a clinicopathological syndrome of unknown etiology . Histopathologically , it is characterized by plugs of fibroplastic connective tissue within respiratory bronchioles , mononuclear cell infiltrates in parenchyma adjacent to the affected bronchioles and foam cells within alveolar airspaces . The disease usually presents as a subacute illness with complete resolution . A subset of BOOP , however , is associated with a fulminant course and a high lethality due to respiratory failure . Early diagnosis and therapy are mandatory . Chest radiography , computed tomography ( CT ) , bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) and open lung biopsy are the primary diagnostic techniques . Radiographically , BOOP is characterized by patchy areas of consolidation that are usually bilateral , peripheral and often migratory . In some cases small , round opacities may be observed as the only abnormality . CT can show the pattern of ground glass opacities , areas of airspace consolidation and small , round opacities , while considerable fibrotic change is usually not seen . A reticular roentgenographic pattern , fibrotic changes mainly in subpleural location at CT , lack of lymphocytosis in BAL fluid and histological features of usual interstitial pneumonitis and BOOP in biopsy specimens are all considered risk factors for a fatal outcome . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Bronchiolitis obliterans, pneumonia, BOOP, syndrome, etiology, connective tissue, bronchioles, cell, bronchioles, foam cells, disease, BOOP, respiratory failure, diagnosis, therapy, Chest, radiography, computed tomography, bronchoalveolar lavage, BAL, open, lung, biopsy, diagnostic, techniques, BOOP, abnormality, glass, roentgenographic, lymphocytosis, BAL, usual interstitial pneumonitis, BOOP, biopsy, risk factors, fatal outcome Options: umlsterm

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Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia ( BOOP ) is a clinicopathological syndrome of unknown etiology . Histopathologically , it is characterized by plugs of fibroplastic connective tissue within respiratory bronchioles , mononuclear cell infiltrates in parenchyma adjacent to the affected bronchioles and foam cells within alveolar airspaces . The disease usually presents as a subacute illness with complete resolution . A subset of BOOP , however , is associated with a fulminant course and a high lethality due to respiratory failure . Early diagnosis and therapy are mandatory . Chest radiography , computed tomography ( CT ) , bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) and open lung biopsy are the primary diagnostic techniques . Radiographically , BOOP is characterized by patchy areas of consolidation that are usually bilateral , peripheral and often migratory . In some cases small , round opacities may be observed as the only abnormality . CT can show the pattern of ground glass opacities , areas of airspace consolidation and small , round opacities , while considerable fibrotic change is usually not seen . A reticular roentgenographic pattern , fibrotic changes mainly in subpleural location at CT , lack of lymphocytosis in BAL fluid and histological features of usual interstitial pneumonitis and BOOP in biopsy specimens are all considered risk factors for a fatal outcome .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Bronchiolitis obliterans, pneumonia, BOOP, syndrome, etiology, connective tissue, bronchioles, cell, bronchioles, foam cells, disease, BOOP, respiratory failure, diagnosis, therapy, Chest, radiography, computed tomography, bronchoalveolar lavage, BAL, open, lung, biopsy, diagnostic, techniques, BOOP, abnormality, glass, roentgenographic, lymphocytosis, BAL, usual interstitial pneumonitis, BOOP, biopsy, risk factors, fatal outcome

DerRadiologe.60360560.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia ( BOOP ) is a clinicopathological syndrome of unknown etiology . Histopathologically , it is characterized by plugs of fibroplastic connective tissue within respiratory bronchioles , mononuclear cell infiltrates in parenchyma adjacent to the affected bronchioles and foam cells within alveolar airspaces . The disease usually presents as a subacute illness with complete resolution . A subset of BOOP , however , is associated with a fulminant course and a high lethality due to respiratory failure . Early diagnosis and therapy are mandatory . Chest radiography , computed tomography ( CT ) , bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) and open lung biopsy are the primary diagnostic techniques . Radiographically , BOOP is characterized by patchy areas of consolidation that are usually bilateral , peripheral and often migratory . In some cases small , round opacities may be observed as the only abnormality . CT can show the pattern of ground glass opacities , areas of airspace consolidation and small , round opacities , while considerable fibrotic change is usually not seen . A reticular roentgenographic pattern , fibrotic changes mainly in subpleural location at CT , lack of lymphocytosis in BAL fluid and histological features of usual interstitial pneumonitis and BOOP in biopsy specimens are all considered risk factors for a fatal outcome . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]

Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia ( BOOP ) is a clinicopathological syndrome of unknown etiology . Histopathologically , it is characterized by plugs of fibroplastic connective tissue within respiratory bronchioles , mononuclear cell infiltrates in parenchyma adjacent to the affected bronchioles and foam cells within alveolar airspaces . The disease usually presents as a subacute illness with complete resolution . A subset of BOOP , however , is associated with a fulminant course and a high lethality due to respiratory failure . Early diagnosis and therapy are mandatory . Chest radiography , computed tomography ( CT ) , bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) and open lung biopsy are the primary diagnostic techniques . Radiographically , BOOP is characterized by patchy areas of consolidation that are usually bilateral , peripheral and often migratory . In some cases small , round opacities may be observed as the only abnormality . CT can show the pattern of ground glass opacities , areas of airspace consolidation and small , round opacities , while considerable fibrotic change is usually not seen . A reticular roentgenographic pattern , fibrotic changes mainly in subpleural location at CT , lack of lymphocytosis in BAL fluid and histological features of usual interstitial pneumonitis and BOOP in biopsy specimens are all considered risk factors for a fatal outcome .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Alpha - tocopherol is an other_organic_compound, agonist - induced monocytic cell adhesion is an other_name, cultured human endothelial cells is a cell_line

12151_task0

Sentence: Alpha-tocopherol inhibits agonist-induced monocytic cell adhesion to cultured human endothelial cells. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: other_organic_compound, cell_line, other_name

[ "B-other_organic_compound", "I-other_organic_compound", "I-other_organic_compound", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "O" ]

Alpha-tocopherol inhibits agonist-induced monocytic cell adhesion to cultured human endothelial cells.

[ "Alpha", "-", "tocopherol", "inhibits", "agonist", "-", "induced", "monocytic", "cell", "adhesion", "to", "cultured", "human", "endothelial", "cells", "." ]

[ "other_name", "cell_line", "other_organic_compound", "cell_type", "tissue", "protein_family_or_group", "amino_acid_monomer", "protein_molecule", "RNA_molecule", "lipid" ]

Alpha - tocopherol is an other_organic_compound, agonist - induced monocytic cell adhesion is an other_name, cultured human endothelial cells is a cell_line

12151_task1

Sentence: Alpha-tocopherol inhibits agonist-induced monocytic cell adhesion to cultured human endothelial cells. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Alpha - tocopherol, agonist - induced monocytic cell adhesion, cultured human endothelial cells Options: other_organic_compound, cell_line, other_name

[ "B-other_organic_compound", "I-other_organic_compound", "I-other_organic_compound", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "O" ]

Alpha-tocopherol inhibits agonist-induced monocytic cell adhesion to cultured human endothelial cells.

[ "Alpha", "-", "tocopherol", "inhibits", "agonist", "-", "induced", "monocytic", "cell", "adhesion", "to", "cultured", "human", "endothelial", "cells", "." ]

[ "other_name", "cell_line", "other_organic_compound", "cell_type", "tissue", "protein_family_or_group", "amino_acid_monomer", "protein_molecule", "RNA_molecule", "lipid" ]

Alpha - tocopherol, agonist - induced monocytic cell adhesion, cultured human endothelial cells

12151_task2

Sentence: Alpha-tocopherol inhibits agonist-induced monocytic cell adhesion to cultured human endothelial cells. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-other_organic_compound", "I-other_organic_compound", "I-other_organic_compound", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "I-cell_line", "O" ]

Alpha-tocopherol inhibits agonist-induced monocytic cell adhesion to cultured human endothelial cells.

[ "Alpha", "-", "tocopherol", "inhibits", "agonist", "-", "induced", "monocytic", "cell", "adhesion", "to", "cultured", "human", "endothelial", "cells", "." ]

[ "other_name", "cell_line", "other_organic_compound", "cell_type", "tissue", "protein_family_or_group", "amino_acid_monomer", "protein_molecule", "RNA_molecule", "lipid" ]

human organic anion transporters 2 and 4 is a GENE-N, organic anion transport is a GENE-N

12023506_task0

Sentence: Interaction of human organic anion transporters 2 and 4 with organic anion transport inhibitors. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N

[ "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O" ]

Interaction of human organic anion transporters 2 and 4 with organic anion transport inhibitors.

[ "Interaction", "of", "human", "organic", "anion", "transporters", "2", "and", "4", "with", "organic", "anion", "transport", "inhibitors", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]

human organic anion transporters 2 and 4 is a GENE-N, organic anion transport is a GENE-N

12023506_task1

Sentence: Interaction of human organic anion transporters 2 and 4 with organic anion transport inhibitors. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: human organic anion transporters 2 and 4, organic anion transport Options: GENE-N

[ "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O" ]

Interaction of human organic anion transporters 2 and 4 with organic anion transport inhibitors.

[ "Interaction", "of", "human", "organic", "anion", "transporters", "2", "and", "4", "with", "organic", "anion", "transport", "inhibitors", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]

human organic anion transporters 2 and 4, organic anion transport

12023506_task2

Sentence: Interaction of human organic anion transporters 2 and 4 with organic anion transport inhibitors. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O" ]

Interaction of human organic anion transporters 2 and 4 with organic anion transport inhibitors.

[ "Interaction", "of", "human", "organic", "anion", "transporters", "2", "and", "4", "with", "organic", "anion", "transport", "inhibitors", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]

tumour is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, work is an umlsterm, Paris is an umlsterm, case histories is an umlsterm, phlebitis is an umlsterm, arm is an umlsterm, gastric cancer is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, death is an umlsterm, doctors is an umlsterm, time is an umlsterm, internal medicine is an umlsterm, tracheotomy is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, croup is an umlsterm, technique is an umlsterm, infectious diseases is an umlsterm, time is an umlsterm, neurology is an umlsterm

Gefaesschirurgie.90040050.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Armand Trousseau ( 1801-1867 ) was the first to recognize that phlegmasia alba is frequently associated with tumour disease . His main work , Clinique médicale de la Hôtel-Dieu de Paris , contains impressive case histories . On the basis of a phlebitis that occurred in his own left arm he diagnosed himself with gastric cancer , and this was in fact the cause of his death . Trousseau is one of the most famous doctors of all time . Numerous discoveries in the area of internal medicine go back to him . Following his tutor , Bretonneau , he introduced the performance of tracheotomy as a routine operation for diphtheritic croup ; he also devised the technique of thoracocentesis . He concerned himself particularly with the infectious diseases of the time and with neurology . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Armand Trousseau ( 1801-1867 ) was the first to recognize that phlegmasia alba is frequently associated with tumour disease . His main work , Clinique médicale de la Hôtel-Dieu de Paris , contains impressive case histories . On the basis of a phlebitis that occurred in his own left arm he diagnosed himself with gastric cancer , and this was in fact the cause of his death . Trousseau is one of the most famous doctors of all time . Numerous discoveries in the area of internal medicine go back to him . Following his tutor , Bretonneau , he introduced the performance of tracheotomy as a routine operation for diphtheritic croup ; he also devised the technique of thoracocentesis . He concerned himself particularly with the infectious diseases of the time and with neurology .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

tumour is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, work is an umlsterm, Paris is an umlsterm, case histories is an umlsterm, phlebitis is an umlsterm, arm is an umlsterm, gastric cancer is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, death is an umlsterm, doctors is an umlsterm, time is an umlsterm, internal medicine is an umlsterm, tracheotomy is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, croup is an umlsterm, technique is an umlsterm, infectious diseases is an umlsterm, time is an umlsterm, neurology is an umlsterm

Gefaesschirurgie.90040050.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Armand Trousseau ( 1801-1867 ) was the first to recognize that phlegmasia alba is frequently associated with tumour disease . His main work , Clinique médicale de la Hôtel-Dieu de Paris , contains impressive case histories . On the basis of a phlebitis that occurred in his own left arm he diagnosed himself with gastric cancer , and this was in fact the cause of his death . Trousseau is one of the most famous doctors of all time . Numerous discoveries in the area of internal medicine go back to him . Following his tutor , Bretonneau , he introduced the performance of tracheotomy as a routine operation for diphtheritic croup ; he also devised the technique of thoracocentesis . He concerned himself particularly with the infectious diseases of the time and with neurology . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: tumour, disease, work, Paris, case histories, phlebitis, arm, gastric cancer, cause, death, doctors, time, internal medicine, tracheotomy, operation, croup, technique, infectious diseases, time, neurology Options: umlsterm

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Armand Trousseau ( 1801-1867 ) was the first to recognize that phlegmasia alba is frequently associated with tumour disease . His main work , Clinique médicale de la Hôtel-Dieu de Paris , contains impressive case histories . On the basis of a phlebitis that occurred in his own left arm he diagnosed himself with gastric cancer , and this was in fact the cause of his death . Trousseau is one of the most famous doctors of all time . Numerous discoveries in the area of internal medicine go back to him . Following his tutor , Bretonneau , he introduced the performance of tracheotomy as a routine operation for diphtheritic croup ; he also devised the technique of thoracocentesis . He concerned himself particularly with the infectious diseases of the time and with neurology .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

tumour, disease, work, Paris, case histories, phlebitis, arm, gastric cancer, cause, death, doctors, time, internal medicine, tracheotomy, operation, croup, technique, infectious diseases, time, neurology

Gefaesschirurgie.90040050.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Armand Trousseau ( 1801-1867 ) was the first to recognize that phlegmasia alba is frequently associated with tumour disease . His main work , Clinique médicale de la Hôtel-Dieu de Paris , contains impressive case histories . On the basis of a phlebitis that occurred in his own left arm he diagnosed himself with gastric cancer , and this was in fact the cause of his death . Trousseau is one of the most famous doctors of all time . Numerous discoveries in the area of internal medicine go back to him . Following his tutor , Bretonneau , he introduced the performance of tracheotomy as a routine operation for diphtheritic croup ; he also devised the technique of thoracocentesis . He concerned himself particularly with the infectious diseases of the time and with neurology . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Armand Trousseau ( 1801-1867 ) was the first to recognize that phlegmasia alba is frequently associated with tumour disease . His main work , Clinique médicale de la Hôtel-Dieu de Paris , contains impressive case histories . On the basis of a phlebitis that occurred in his own left arm he diagnosed himself with gastric cancer , and this was in fact the cause of his death . Trousseau is one of the most famous doctors of all time . Numerous discoveries in the area of internal medicine go back to him . Following his tutor , Bretonneau , he introduced the performance of tracheotomy as a routine operation for diphtheritic croup ; he also devised the technique of thoracocentesis . He concerned himself particularly with the infectious diseases of the time and with neurology .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

cigarrillos is a UNCLEAR

45_task0

Sentence: Varón de 33 años fumador de un paquete de cigarrillos al día sin otros antecedentes de interés que acude a Urgencias por presentar desde hacía diez días induración peneana a nivel de la base. A la exploración se evidenció cordón longitudinal indurado en la base del pene de localización dorsal, móvil y doloroso. No se palparon adenopatías inguinales. Afebril. Se realizó eco-doppler peneano en el que se objetivó una induración correspondiente a trombosis segmentaria de la vena dorsal superficial del pene. Estudio de coagulación normal. Juicio Diagnóstico: Enfermedad de Mondor. El paciente recibió tratamiento antiinflamatorio. No acudió a la revisión. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: UNCLEAR

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-UNCLEAR", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Varón de 33 años fumador de un paquete de cigarrillos al día sin otros antecedentes de interés que acude a Urgencias por presentar desde hacía diez días induración peneana a nivel de la base. A la exploración se evidenció cordón longitudinal indurado en la base del pene de localización dorsal, móvil y doloroso. No se palparon adenopatías inguinales. Afebril. Se realizó eco-doppler peneano en el que se objetivó una induración correspondiente a trombosis segmentaria de la vena dorsal superficial del pene. Estudio de coagulación normal. Juicio Diagnóstico: Enfermedad de Mondor. El paciente recibió tratamiento antiinflamatorio. No acudió a la revisión.

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[ "UNCLEAR" ]

cigarrillos is a UNCLEAR

45_task1

Sentence: Varón de 33 años fumador de un paquete de cigarrillos al día sin otros antecedentes de interés que acude a Urgencias por presentar desde hacía diez días induración peneana a nivel de la base. A la exploración se evidenció cordón longitudinal indurado en la base del pene de localización dorsal, móvil y doloroso. No se palparon adenopatías inguinales. Afebril. Se realizó eco-doppler peneano en el que se objetivó una induración correspondiente a trombosis segmentaria de la vena dorsal superficial del pene. Estudio de coagulación normal. Juicio Diagnóstico: Enfermedad de Mondor. El paciente recibió tratamiento antiinflamatorio. No acudió a la revisión. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cigarrillos Options: UNCLEAR

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Varón de 33 años fumador de un paquete de cigarrillos al día sin otros antecedentes de interés que acude a Urgencias por presentar desde hacía diez días induración peneana a nivel de la base. A la exploración se evidenció cordón longitudinal indurado en la base del pene de localización dorsal, móvil y doloroso. No se palparon adenopatías inguinales. Afebril. Se realizó eco-doppler peneano en el que se objetivó una induración correspondiente a trombosis segmentaria de la vena dorsal superficial del pene. Estudio de coagulación normal. Juicio Diagnóstico: Enfermedad de Mondor. El paciente recibió tratamiento antiinflamatorio. No acudió a la revisión.

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[ "UNCLEAR" ]

cigarrillos

45_task2

Sentence: Varón de 33 años fumador de un paquete de cigarrillos al día sin otros antecedentes de interés que acude a Urgencias por presentar desde hacía diez días induración peneana a nivel de la base. A la exploración se evidenció cordón longitudinal indurado en la base del pene de localización dorsal, móvil y doloroso. No se palparon adenopatías inguinales. Afebril. Se realizó eco-doppler peneano en el que se objetivó una induración correspondiente a trombosis segmentaria de la vena dorsal superficial del pene. Estudio de coagulación normal. Juicio Diagnóstico: Enfermedad de Mondor. El paciente recibió tratamiento antiinflamatorio. No acudió a la revisión. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Varón de 33 años fumador de un paquete de cigarrillos al día sin otros antecedentes de interés que acude a Urgencias por presentar desde hacía diez días induración peneana a nivel de la base. A la exploración se evidenció cordón longitudinal indurado en la base del pene de localización dorsal, móvil y doloroso. No se palparon adenopatías inguinales. Afebril. Se realizó eco-doppler peneano en el que se objetivó una induración correspondiente a trombosis segmentaria de la vena dorsal superficial del pene. Estudio de coagulación normal. Juicio Diagnóstico: Enfermedad de Mondor. El paciente recibió tratamiento antiinflamatorio. No acudió a la revisión.

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[ "UNCLEAR" ]

stroke is a Participant_Condition, children is a Participant_Age, sickle cell anemia is a Participant_Condition, Blood transfusions is a Intervention_Physical, standard care or transfusions is a Intervention_Physical, infarction is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, 130 is a Participant_Sample-size, 8.3+/-3.3 years is a Participant_Age, 63 is a Participant_Sample-size, mean hemoglobin concentration is a Outcome_Physical, hematocrit is a Outcome_Physical, cerebral infarctions is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, intracerebral hematoma is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, Transfusion is a Intervention_Physical, risk of a first stroke is a Outcome_Physical

91999_task0

Sentence: Prevention of a first stroke by transfusions in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography . BACKGROUND Blood transfusions prevent recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell anemia , but the value of transfusions in preventing a first stroke is unknown . We used transcranial Doppler ultrasonography to identify children with sickle cell anemia who were at high risk for stroke and then randomly assigned them to receive standard care or transfusions to prevent a first stroke . METHODS To enter the study , children with sickle cell anemia and no history of stroke had to have undergone two transcranial Doppler studies that showed that the time-averaged mean blood-flow velocity in the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery was 200 cm per second or higher . The patients were randomly assigned to receive standard care or transfusions to reduce the hemoglobin S concentration to less than 30 percent of the total hemoglobin concentration . The incidence of stroke ( cerebral infarction or intracranial hemorrhage ) was compared between the two groups . RESULTS A total of 130 children ( mean [ +/-SD ] age , 8.3+/-3.3 years ) were enrolled ; 63 were randomly assigned to receive transfusions and 67 to receive standard care . At base line , the transfusion group had a slightly lower mean hemoglobin concentration ( 7.2 vs. 7.6 g per deciliter , P=0.001 ) and hematocrit ( 20.4 vs. 21.7 percent , P=0.002 ) . Ten patients dropped out of the transfusion group , and two patients crossed over from the standard-care group to the transfusion group . There were 10 cerebral infarctions and 1 intracerebral hematoma in the standard-care group , as compared with 1 infarction in the transfusion group -- a 92 percent difference in the risk of stroke ( P < 0.001 ) . This result led to the early termination of the trial . CONCLUSIONS Transfusion greatly reduces the risk of a first stroke in children with sickle cell anemia who have abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Outcome_Adverse-effects, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Participant_Age, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size

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Prevention of a first stroke by transfusions in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography . BACKGROUND Blood transfusions prevent recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell anemia , but the value of transfusions in preventing a first stroke is unknown . We used transcranial Doppler ultrasonography to identify children with sickle cell anemia who were at high risk for stroke and then randomly assigned them to receive standard care or transfusions to prevent a first stroke . METHODS To enter the study , children with sickle cell anemia and no history of stroke had to have undergone two transcranial Doppler studies that showed that the time-averaged mean blood-flow velocity in the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery was 200 cm per second or higher . The patients were randomly assigned to receive standard care or transfusions to reduce the hemoglobin S concentration to less than 30 percent of the total hemoglobin concentration . The incidence of stroke ( cerebral infarction or intracranial hemorrhage ) was compared between the two groups . RESULTS A total of 130 children ( mean [ +/-SD ] age , 8.3+/-3.3 years ) were enrolled ; 63 were randomly assigned to receive transfusions and 67 to receive standard care . At base line , the transfusion group had a slightly lower mean hemoglobin concentration ( 7.2 vs. 7.6 g per deciliter , P=0.001 ) and hematocrit ( 20.4 vs. 21.7 percent , P=0.002 ) . Ten patients dropped out of the transfusion group , and two patients crossed over from the standard-care group to the transfusion group . There were 10 cerebral infarctions and 1 intracerebral hematoma in the standard-care group , as compared with 1 infarction in the transfusion group -- a 92 percent difference in the risk of stroke ( P < 0.001 ) . This result led to the early termination of the trial . CONCLUSIONS Transfusion greatly reduces the risk of a first stroke in children with sickle cell anemia who have abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography .

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[ "Intervention_Physical", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

stroke is a Participant_Condition, children is a Participant_Age, sickle cell anemia is a Participant_Condition, Blood transfusions is a Intervention_Physical, standard care or transfusions is a Intervention_Physical, infarction is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, 130 is a Participant_Sample-size, 8.3+/-3.3 years is a Participant_Age, 63 is a Participant_Sample-size, mean hemoglobin concentration is a Outcome_Physical, hematocrit is a Outcome_Physical, cerebral infarctions is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, intracerebral hematoma is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, Transfusion is a Intervention_Physical, risk of a first stroke is a Outcome_Physical

91999_task1

Sentence: Prevention of a first stroke by transfusions in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography . BACKGROUND Blood transfusions prevent recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell anemia , but the value of transfusions in preventing a first stroke is unknown . We used transcranial Doppler ultrasonography to identify children with sickle cell anemia who were at high risk for stroke and then randomly assigned them to receive standard care or transfusions to prevent a first stroke . METHODS To enter the study , children with sickle cell anemia and no history of stroke had to have undergone two transcranial Doppler studies that showed that the time-averaged mean blood-flow velocity in the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery was 200 cm per second or higher . The patients were randomly assigned to receive standard care or transfusions to reduce the hemoglobin S concentration to less than 30 percent of the total hemoglobin concentration . The incidence of stroke ( cerebral infarction or intracranial hemorrhage ) was compared between the two groups . RESULTS A total of 130 children ( mean [ +/-SD ] age , 8.3+/-3.3 years ) were enrolled ; 63 were randomly assigned to receive transfusions and 67 to receive standard care . At base line , the transfusion group had a slightly lower mean hemoglobin concentration ( 7.2 vs. 7.6 g per deciliter , P=0.001 ) and hematocrit ( 20.4 vs. 21.7 percent , P=0.002 ) . Ten patients dropped out of the transfusion group , and two patients crossed over from the standard-care group to the transfusion group . There were 10 cerebral infarctions and 1 intracerebral hematoma in the standard-care group , as compared with 1 infarction in the transfusion group -- a 92 percent difference in the risk of stroke ( P < 0.001 ) . This result led to the early termination of the trial . CONCLUSIONS Transfusion greatly reduces the risk of a first stroke in children with sickle cell anemia who have abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: stroke, children, sickle cell anemia, Blood transfusions, standard care or transfusions, infarction, 130, 8.3+/-3.3 years, 63, mean hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, cerebral infarctions, intracerebral hematoma, Transfusion, risk of a first stroke Options: Outcome_Adverse-effects, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Participant_Age, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size

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Prevention of a first stroke by transfusions in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography . BACKGROUND Blood transfusions prevent recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell anemia , but the value of transfusions in preventing a first stroke is unknown . We used transcranial Doppler ultrasonography to identify children with sickle cell anemia who were at high risk for stroke and then randomly assigned them to receive standard care or transfusions to prevent a first stroke . METHODS To enter the study , children with sickle cell anemia and no history of stroke had to have undergone two transcranial Doppler studies that showed that the time-averaged mean blood-flow velocity in the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery was 200 cm per second or higher . The patients were randomly assigned to receive standard care or transfusions to reduce the hemoglobin S concentration to less than 30 percent of the total hemoglobin concentration . The incidence of stroke ( cerebral infarction or intracranial hemorrhage ) was compared between the two groups . RESULTS A total of 130 children ( mean [ +/-SD ] age , 8.3+/-3.3 years ) were enrolled ; 63 were randomly assigned to receive transfusions and 67 to receive standard care . At base line , the transfusion group had a slightly lower mean hemoglobin concentration ( 7.2 vs. 7.6 g per deciliter , P=0.001 ) and hematocrit ( 20.4 vs. 21.7 percent , P=0.002 ) . Ten patients dropped out of the transfusion group , and two patients crossed over from the standard-care group to the transfusion group . There were 10 cerebral infarctions and 1 intracerebral hematoma in the standard-care group , as compared with 1 infarction in the transfusion group -- a 92 percent difference in the risk of stroke ( P < 0.001 ) . This result led to the early termination of the trial . CONCLUSIONS Transfusion greatly reduces the risk of a first stroke in children with sickle cell anemia who have abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography .

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[ "Intervention_Physical", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

stroke, children, sickle cell anemia, Blood transfusions, standard care or transfusions, infarction, 130, 8.3+/-3.3 years, 63, mean hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, cerebral infarctions, intracerebral hematoma, Transfusion, risk of a first stroke

91999_task2

Sentence: Prevention of a first stroke by transfusions in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography . BACKGROUND Blood transfusions prevent recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell anemia , but the value of transfusions in preventing a first stroke is unknown . We used transcranial Doppler ultrasonography to identify children with sickle cell anemia who were at high risk for stroke and then randomly assigned them to receive standard care or transfusions to prevent a first stroke . METHODS To enter the study , children with sickle cell anemia and no history of stroke had to have undergone two transcranial Doppler studies that showed that the time-averaged mean blood-flow velocity in the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery was 200 cm per second or higher . The patients were randomly assigned to receive standard care or transfusions to reduce the hemoglobin S concentration to less than 30 percent of the total hemoglobin concentration . The incidence of stroke ( cerebral infarction or intracranial hemorrhage ) was compared between the two groups . RESULTS A total of 130 children ( mean [ +/-SD ] age , 8.3+/-3.3 years ) were enrolled ; 63 were randomly assigned to receive transfusions and 67 to receive standard care . At base line , the transfusion group had a slightly lower mean hemoglobin concentration ( 7.2 vs. 7.6 g per deciliter , P=0.001 ) and hematocrit ( 20.4 vs. 21.7 percent , P=0.002 ) . Ten patients dropped out of the transfusion group , and two patients crossed over from the standard-care group to the transfusion group . There were 10 cerebral infarctions and 1 intracerebral hematoma in the standard-care group , as compared with 1 infarction in the transfusion group -- a 92 percent difference in the risk of stroke ( P < 0.001 ) . This result led to the early termination of the trial . CONCLUSIONS Transfusion greatly reduces the risk of a first stroke in children with sickle cell anemia who have abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Prevention of a first stroke by transfusions in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography . BACKGROUND Blood transfusions prevent recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell anemia , but the value of transfusions in preventing a first stroke is unknown . We used transcranial Doppler ultrasonography to identify children with sickle cell anemia who were at high risk for stroke and then randomly assigned them to receive standard care or transfusions to prevent a first stroke . METHODS To enter the study , children with sickle cell anemia and no history of stroke had to have undergone two transcranial Doppler studies that showed that the time-averaged mean blood-flow velocity in the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery was 200 cm per second or higher . The patients were randomly assigned to receive standard care or transfusions to reduce the hemoglobin S concentration to less than 30 percent of the total hemoglobin concentration . The incidence of stroke ( cerebral infarction or intracranial hemorrhage ) was compared between the two groups . RESULTS A total of 130 children ( mean [ +/-SD ] age , 8.3+/-3.3 years ) were enrolled ; 63 were randomly assigned to receive transfusions and 67 to receive standard care . At base line , the transfusion group had a slightly lower mean hemoglobin concentration ( 7.2 vs. 7.6 g per deciliter , P=0.001 ) and hematocrit ( 20.4 vs. 21.7 percent , P=0.002 ) . Ten patients dropped out of the transfusion group , and two patients crossed over from the standard-care group to the transfusion group . There were 10 cerebral infarctions and 1 intracerebral hematoma in the standard-care group , as compared with 1 infarction in the transfusion group -- a 92 percent difference in the risk of stroke ( P < 0.001 ) . This result led to the early termination of the trial . CONCLUSIONS Transfusion greatly reduces the risk of a first stroke in children with sickle cell anemia who have abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography .

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[ "Intervention_Physical", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

Gefaessverletzungen is an umlsterm, Mehrfachverletzungen is an umlsterm, Wiederherstellung is an umlsterm, Primat is an umlsterm, Extremitaetengefaehrdung is an umlsterm, Venenverletzung is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Gewalteinwirkungen is an umlsterm, Ausbildung is an umlsterm, Kompressionssyndromen is an umlsterm, Gliedmassenerhalt is an umlsterm, Diagnostik is an umlsterm, Angiographie is an umlsterm, Wiederherstellung is an umlsterm, Ischaemietoleranzzeit is an umlsterm, Gefaessverletzung is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Frakturstabilisation is an umlsterm, Zeit is an umlsterm, Extremitaet is an umlsterm, Vene is an umlsterm, Infektion is an umlsterm, Fisteln is an umlsterm, Komplikationen is an umlsterm, Gefaessverletzungen is an umlsterm

DerUnfallchirurg.81010508.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Die rekonstruktive Versorgungspflicht betrifft 2-4 % der Gefaessverletzungen , bei Mehrfachverletzungen 10 % . Die Wiederherstellung der arteriellen Strombahn hat das Primat , da die Extremitaetengefaehrdung durch Venenverletzung wesentlich geringer ist . Die akuten Verletzungen entstehen durch scharfe oder stumpfe Gewalteinwirkungen . Der Gefaessschaden fuehrt entweder zum akuten Blutverlust oder zur Ausbildung von extremitaeren Kompressionssyndromen , die ueber zunehmende Perfusionsstoerungen den Gliedmassenerhalt in Frage stellen koennen , darueber hinaus aber durch die Reperfusionsphaenomene eine vitale Bedrohung des Verletzten darstellen . Die Diagnostik stuetzt sich auf die klinischen Phaenome und wird apparativ heute im wesentlichen durch die cw-Dopplersonographie oder die farbcodierte Duplexsonographie ermoeglicht . Die Angiographie ist nur noch fuer bestimmte Ausnahmefaelle reserviert . Die Wiederherstellung der Gefaessstrombahn steht unter der Praemisse , dass die Ischaemietoleranzzeit nutritiver Gefaesse nur 6-8 h betraegt . Begleitet die Gefaessverletzung Frakturen , insbesondere dislozierte Formen , so ist die primaere Frakturstabilisation wegen der Distanzvorgabe wichtig . Die Osteosynthese erfolgt in der Regel mit einem Fixateur externe . Sie muss in kurzer Zeit erfolgen , und moeglichst stabil sein . Die direkte Gefaessanastomosierung gelingt selten , gegebenenfalls bei Verkuerzung der Extremitaet . In der Regel wird eine autologe Vene interponiert . Rethrombosierung Infektion , Aneurysmen und arterio-venoese ( AU- ) Fisteln , sind Komplikationen oder Spaetfolgen von Gefaessverletzungen . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Die rekonstruktive Versorgungspflicht betrifft 2-4 % der Gefaessverletzungen , bei Mehrfachverletzungen 10 % . Die Wiederherstellung der arteriellen Strombahn hat das Primat , da die Extremitaetengefaehrdung durch Venenverletzung wesentlich geringer ist . Die akuten Verletzungen entstehen durch scharfe oder stumpfe Gewalteinwirkungen . Der Gefaessschaden fuehrt entweder zum akuten Blutverlust oder zur Ausbildung von extremitaeren Kompressionssyndromen , die ueber zunehmende Perfusionsstoerungen den Gliedmassenerhalt in Frage stellen koennen , darueber hinaus aber durch die Reperfusionsphaenomene eine vitale Bedrohung des Verletzten darstellen . Die Diagnostik stuetzt sich auf die klinischen Phaenome und wird apparativ heute im wesentlichen durch die cw-Dopplersonographie oder die farbcodierte Duplexsonographie ermoeglicht . Die Angiographie ist nur noch fuer bestimmte Ausnahmefaelle reserviert . Die Wiederherstellung der Gefaessstrombahn steht unter der Praemisse , dass die Ischaemietoleranzzeit nutritiver Gefaesse nur 6-8 h betraegt . Begleitet die Gefaessverletzung Frakturen , insbesondere dislozierte Formen , so ist die primaere Frakturstabilisation wegen der Distanzvorgabe wichtig . Die Osteosynthese erfolgt in der Regel mit einem Fixateur externe . Sie muss in kurzer Zeit erfolgen , und moeglichst stabil sein . Die direkte Gefaessanastomosierung gelingt selten , gegebenenfalls bei Verkuerzung der Extremitaet . In der Regel wird eine autologe Vene interponiert . Rethrombosierung Infektion , Aneurysmen und arterio-venoese ( AU- ) Fisteln , sind Komplikationen oder Spaetfolgen von Gefaessverletzungen .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Gefaessverletzungen is an umlsterm, Mehrfachverletzungen is an umlsterm, Wiederherstellung is an umlsterm, Primat is an umlsterm, Extremitaetengefaehrdung is an umlsterm, Venenverletzung is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Gewalteinwirkungen is an umlsterm, Ausbildung is an umlsterm, Kompressionssyndromen is an umlsterm, Gliedmassenerhalt is an umlsterm, Diagnostik is an umlsterm, Angiographie is an umlsterm, Wiederherstellung is an umlsterm, Ischaemietoleranzzeit is an umlsterm, Gefaessverletzung is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Frakturstabilisation is an umlsterm, Zeit is an umlsterm, Extremitaet is an umlsterm, Vene is an umlsterm, Infektion is an umlsterm, Fisteln is an umlsterm, Komplikationen is an umlsterm, Gefaessverletzungen is an umlsterm

DerUnfallchirurg.81010508.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Die rekonstruktive Versorgungspflicht betrifft 2-4 % der Gefaessverletzungen , bei Mehrfachverletzungen 10 % . Die Wiederherstellung der arteriellen Strombahn hat das Primat , da die Extremitaetengefaehrdung durch Venenverletzung wesentlich geringer ist . Die akuten Verletzungen entstehen durch scharfe oder stumpfe Gewalteinwirkungen . Der Gefaessschaden fuehrt entweder zum akuten Blutverlust oder zur Ausbildung von extremitaeren Kompressionssyndromen , die ueber zunehmende Perfusionsstoerungen den Gliedmassenerhalt in Frage stellen koennen , darueber hinaus aber durch die Reperfusionsphaenomene eine vitale Bedrohung des Verletzten darstellen . Die Diagnostik stuetzt sich auf die klinischen Phaenome und wird apparativ heute im wesentlichen durch die cw-Dopplersonographie oder die farbcodierte Duplexsonographie ermoeglicht . Die Angiographie ist nur noch fuer bestimmte Ausnahmefaelle reserviert . Die Wiederherstellung der Gefaessstrombahn steht unter der Praemisse , dass die Ischaemietoleranzzeit nutritiver Gefaesse nur 6-8 h betraegt . Begleitet die Gefaessverletzung Frakturen , insbesondere dislozierte Formen , so ist die primaere Frakturstabilisation wegen der Distanzvorgabe wichtig . Die Osteosynthese erfolgt in der Regel mit einem Fixateur externe . Sie muss in kurzer Zeit erfolgen , und moeglichst stabil sein . Die direkte Gefaessanastomosierung gelingt selten , gegebenenfalls bei Verkuerzung der Extremitaet . In der Regel wird eine autologe Vene interponiert . Rethrombosierung Infektion , Aneurysmen und arterio-venoese ( AU- ) Fisteln , sind Komplikationen oder Spaetfolgen von Gefaessverletzungen . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Gefaessverletzungen, Mehrfachverletzungen, Wiederherstellung, Primat, Extremitaetengefaehrdung, Venenverletzung, Verletzungen, Gewalteinwirkungen, Ausbildung, Kompressionssyndromen, Gliedmassenerhalt, Diagnostik, Angiographie, Wiederherstellung, Ischaemietoleranzzeit, Gefaessverletzung, Frakturen, Frakturstabilisation, Zeit, Extremitaet, Vene, Infektion, Fisteln, Komplikationen, Gefaessverletzungen Options: umlsterm

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Die rekonstruktive Versorgungspflicht betrifft 2-4 % der Gefaessverletzungen , bei Mehrfachverletzungen 10 % . Die Wiederherstellung der arteriellen Strombahn hat das Primat , da die Extremitaetengefaehrdung durch Venenverletzung wesentlich geringer ist . Die akuten Verletzungen entstehen durch scharfe oder stumpfe Gewalteinwirkungen . Der Gefaessschaden fuehrt entweder zum akuten Blutverlust oder zur Ausbildung von extremitaeren Kompressionssyndromen , die ueber zunehmende Perfusionsstoerungen den Gliedmassenerhalt in Frage stellen koennen , darueber hinaus aber durch die Reperfusionsphaenomene eine vitale Bedrohung des Verletzten darstellen . Die Diagnostik stuetzt sich auf die klinischen Phaenome und wird apparativ heute im wesentlichen durch die cw-Dopplersonographie oder die farbcodierte Duplexsonographie ermoeglicht . Die Angiographie ist nur noch fuer bestimmte Ausnahmefaelle reserviert . Die Wiederherstellung der Gefaessstrombahn steht unter der Praemisse , dass die Ischaemietoleranzzeit nutritiver Gefaesse nur 6-8 h betraegt . Begleitet die Gefaessverletzung Frakturen , insbesondere dislozierte Formen , so ist die primaere Frakturstabilisation wegen der Distanzvorgabe wichtig . Die Osteosynthese erfolgt in der Regel mit einem Fixateur externe . Sie muss in kurzer Zeit erfolgen , und moeglichst stabil sein . Die direkte Gefaessanastomosierung gelingt selten , gegebenenfalls bei Verkuerzung der Extremitaet . In der Regel wird eine autologe Vene interponiert . Rethrombosierung Infektion , Aneurysmen und arterio-venoese ( AU- ) Fisteln , sind Komplikationen oder Spaetfolgen von Gefaessverletzungen .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Gefaessverletzungen, Mehrfachverletzungen, Wiederherstellung, Primat, Extremitaetengefaehrdung, Venenverletzung, Verletzungen, Gewalteinwirkungen, Ausbildung, Kompressionssyndromen, Gliedmassenerhalt, Diagnostik, Angiographie, Wiederherstellung, Ischaemietoleranzzeit, Gefaessverletzung, Frakturen, Frakturstabilisation, Zeit, Extremitaet, Vene, Infektion, Fisteln, Komplikationen, Gefaessverletzungen

DerUnfallchirurg.81010508.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Die rekonstruktive Versorgungspflicht betrifft 2-4 % der Gefaessverletzungen , bei Mehrfachverletzungen 10 % . Die Wiederherstellung der arteriellen Strombahn hat das Primat , da die Extremitaetengefaehrdung durch Venenverletzung wesentlich geringer ist . Die akuten Verletzungen entstehen durch scharfe oder stumpfe Gewalteinwirkungen . Der Gefaessschaden fuehrt entweder zum akuten Blutverlust oder zur Ausbildung von extremitaeren Kompressionssyndromen , die ueber zunehmende Perfusionsstoerungen den Gliedmassenerhalt in Frage stellen koennen , darueber hinaus aber durch die Reperfusionsphaenomene eine vitale Bedrohung des Verletzten darstellen . Die Diagnostik stuetzt sich auf die klinischen Phaenome und wird apparativ heute im wesentlichen durch die cw-Dopplersonographie oder die farbcodierte Duplexsonographie ermoeglicht . Die Angiographie ist nur noch fuer bestimmte Ausnahmefaelle reserviert . Die Wiederherstellung der Gefaessstrombahn steht unter der Praemisse , dass die Ischaemietoleranzzeit nutritiver Gefaesse nur 6-8 h betraegt . Begleitet die Gefaessverletzung Frakturen , insbesondere dislozierte Formen , so ist die primaere Frakturstabilisation wegen der Distanzvorgabe wichtig . Die Osteosynthese erfolgt in der Regel mit einem Fixateur externe . Sie muss in kurzer Zeit erfolgen , und moeglichst stabil sein . Die direkte Gefaessanastomosierung gelingt selten , gegebenenfalls bei Verkuerzung der Extremitaet . In der Regel wird eine autologe Vene interponiert . Rethrombosierung Infektion , Aneurysmen und arterio-venoese ( AU- ) Fisteln , sind Komplikationen oder Spaetfolgen von Gefaessverletzungen . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Die rekonstruktive Versorgungspflicht betrifft 2-4 % der Gefaessverletzungen , bei Mehrfachverletzungen 10 % . Die Wiederherstellung der arteriellen Strombahn hat das Primat , da die Extremitaetengefaehrdung durch Venenverletzung wesentlich geringer ist . Die akuten Verletzungen entstehen durch scharfe oder stumpfe Gewalteinwirkungen . Der Gefaessschaden fuehrt entweder zum akuten Blutverlust oder zur Ausbildung von extremitaeren Kompressionssyndromen , die ueber zunehmende Perfusionsstoerungen den Gliedmassenerhalt in Frage stellen koennen , darueber hinaus aber durch die Reperfusionsphaenomene eine vitale Bedrohung des Verletzten darstellen . Die Diagnostik stuetzt sich auf die klinischen Phaenome und wird apparativ heute im wesentlichen durch die cw-Dopplersonographie oder die farbcodierte Duplexsonographie ermoeglicht . Die Angiographie ist nur noch fuer bestimmte Ausnahmefaelle reserviert . Die Wiederherstellung der Gefaessstrombahn steht unter der Praemisse , dass die Ischaemietoleranzzeit nutritiver Gefaesse nur 6-8 h betraegt . Begleitet die Gefaessverletzung Frakturen , insbesondere dislozierte Formen , so ist die primaere Frakturstabilisation wegen der Distanzvorgabe wichtig . Die Osteosynthese erfolgt in der Regel mit einem Fixateur externe . Sie muss in kurzer Zeit erfolgen , und moeglichst stabil sein . Die direkte Gefaessanastomosierung gelingt selten , gegebenenfalls bei Verkuerzung der Extremitaet . In der Regel wird eine autologe Vene interponiert . Rethrombosierung Infektion , Aneurysmen und arterio-venoese ( AU- ) Fisteln , sind Komplikationen oder Spaetfolgen von Gefaessverletzungen .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

S - adenosylmethionine decarboxylase is a GENE-Y

23543321_task0

Sentence: RNAi silencing of three homologues of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene in tapetal tissue of tomato results in male sterility. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

RNAi silencing of three homologues of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene in tapetal tissue of tomato results in male sterility.

[ "RNAi", "silencing", "of", "three", "homologues", "of", "S", "-", "adenosylmethionine", "decarboxylase", "gene", "in", "tapetal", "tissue", "of", "tomato", "results", "in", "male", "sterility", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]

S - adenosylmethionine decarboxylase is a GENE-Y

23543321_task1

Sentence: RNAi silencing of three homologues of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene in tapetal tissue of tomato results in male sterility. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: S - adenosylmethionine decarboxylase Options: GENE-Y

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

RNAi silencing of three homologues of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene in tapetal tissue of tomato results in male sterility.

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[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]

S - adenosylmethionine decarboxylase

23543321_task2

Sentence: RNAi silencing of three homologues of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene in tapetal tissue of tomato results in male sterility. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

RNAi silencing of three homologues of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene in tapetal tissue of tomato results in male sterility.

[ "RNAi", "silencing", "of", "three", "homologues", "of", "S", "-", "adenosylmethionine", "decarboxylase", "gene", "in", "tapetal", "tissue", "of", "tomato", "results", "in", "male", "sterility", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]

Laermexposition is an umlsterm, Stereozilien is an umlsterm, Arbeit is an umlsterm, Verhalten is an umlsterm, Zelle is an umlsterm, Endolymphe is an umlsterm, Zelle is an umlsterm, Kationen is an umlsterm, Zelle is an umlsterm, Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit is an umlsterm

HNO.00480383.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Eine extreme Laermexposition ist bekannt dafuer , Schaedigungen des Gehoers hervorzurufen , die sich in permanenter oder temporaerer Schwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus manifestieren koennen . Vor allem die Stereozilien der Haarsinneszellen stellen einen sensiblen Angriffspunkt dar deren raemliche Ordnung und ihre Verbindungsfilamente ( Tip-Links ) : koennen zerstoert werden . In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Auswirkung einer pharmakologischen Zerstoerung der Tip-Links auf das elektrophysiologische Verhalten der Zelle untersucht . Es zeigte sich , dass die behandelten aeusseren Haarsinneszellen nicht mehr mechanosensitiv fuer nasische Stimuli waren , was die Wichtigkeit der Tip-Links bei der Reiztransduktion unterstreicht . Entgegen der allgemeinen Erwartung gingen die mechanoelektrischen Transduktionskanaele aber in einen offenen Zustand ueber . Durch die permanent offenen Kannaele stroemen dauerhaft hauptsaechlich K+- und Ca2+-Ionen aus der Endolymphe in die Zelle ein und fuehren zu einer Depolarisation . Dieser durch den Verlust der Tip-Links verursachte Einstrom von Kationen und die Depolarisation der Zelle koennen ein Teil der Ursache einer dem Schalltrauma begleitenden Symptomatik wie Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus sein . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Eine extreme Laermexposition ist bekannt dafuer , Schaedigungen des Gehoers hervorzurufen , die sich in permanenter oder temporaerer Schwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus manifestieren koennen . Vor allem die Stereozilien der Haarsinneszellen stellen einen sensiblen Angriffspunkt dar deren raemliche Ordnung und ihre Verbindungsfilamente ( Tip-Links ) : koennen zerstoert werden . In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Auswirkung einer pharmakologischen Zerstoerung der Tip-Links auf das elektrophysiologische Verhalten der Zelle untersucht . Es zeigte sich , dass die behandelten aeusseren Haarsinneszellen nicht mehr mechanosensitiv fuer nasische Stimuli waren , was die Wichtigkeit der Tip-Links bei der Reiztransduktion unterstreicht . Entgegen der allgemeinen Erwartung gingen die mechanoelektrischen Transduktionskanaele aber in einen offenen Zustand ueber . Durch die permanent offenen Kannaele stroemen dauerhaft hauptsaechlich K+- und Ca2+-Ionen aus der Endolymphe in die Zelle ein und fuehren zu einer Depolarisation . Dieser durch den Verlust der Tip-Links verursachte Einstrom von Kationen und die Depolarisation der Zelle koennen ein Teil der Ursache einer dem Schalltrauma begleitenden Symptomatik wie Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus sein .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Laermexposition is an umlsterm, Stereozilien is an umlsterm, Arbeit is an umlsterm, Verhalten is an umlsterm, Zelle is an umlsterm, Endolymphe is an umlsterm, Zelle is an umlsterm, Kationen is an umlsterm, Zelle is an umlsterm, Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit is an umlsterm

HNO.00480383.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Eine extreme Laermexposition ist bekannt dafuer , Schaedigungen des Gehoers hervorzurufen , die sich in permanenter oder temporaerer Schwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus manifestieren koennen . Vor allem die Stereozilien der Haarsinneszellen stellen einen sensiblen Angriffspunkt dar deren raemliche Ordnung und ihre Verbindungsfilamente ( Tip-Links ) : koennen zerstoert werden . In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Auswirkung einer pharmakologischen Zerstoerung der Tip-Links auf das elektrophysiologische Verhalten der Zelle untersucht . Es zeigte sich , dass die behandelten aeusseren Haarsinneszellen nicht mehr mechanosensitiv fuer nasische Stimuli waren , was die Wichtigkeit der Tip-Links bei der Reiztransduktion unterstreicht . Entgegen der allgemeinen Erwartung gingen die mechanoelektrischen Transduktionskanaele aber in einen offenen Zustand ueber . Durch die permanent offenen Kannaele stroemen dauerhaft hauptsaechlich K+- und Ca2+-Ionen aus der Endolymphe in die Zelle ein und fuehren zu einer Depolarisation . Dieser durch den Verlust der Tip-Links verursachte Einstrom von Kationen und die Depolarisation der Zelle koennen ein Teil der Ursache einer dem Schalltrauma begleitenden Symptomatik wie Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus sein . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Laermexposition, Stereozilien, Arbeit, Verhalten, Zelle, Endolymphe, Zelle, Kationen, Zelle, Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit Options: umlsterm

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Eine extreme Laermexposition ist bekannt dafuer , Schaedigungen des Gehoers hervorzurufen , die sich in permanenter oder temporaerer Schwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus manifestieren koennen . Vor allem die Stereozilien der Haarsinneszellen stellen einen sensiblen Angriffspunkt dar deren raemliche Ordnung und ihre Verbindungsfilamente ( Tip-Links ) : koennen zerstoert werden . In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Auswirkung einer pharmakologischen Zerstoerung der Tip-Links auf das elektrophysiologische Verhalten der Zelle untersucht . Es zeigte sich , dass die behandelten aeusseren Haarsinneszellen nicht mehr mechanosensitiv fuer nasische Stimuli waren , was die Wichtigkeit der Tip-Links bei der Reiztransduktion unterstreicht . Entgegen der allgemeinen Erwartung gingen die mechanoelektrischen Transduktionskanaele aber in einen offenen Zustand ueber . Durch die permanent offenen Kannaele stroemen dauerhaft hauptsaechlich K+- und Ca2+-Ionen aus der Endolymphe in die Zelle ein und fuehren zu einer Depolarisation . Dieser durch den Verlust der Tip-Links verursachte Einstrom von Kationen und die Depolarisation der Zelle koennen ein Teil der Ursache einer dem Schalltrauma begleitenden Symptomatik wie Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus sein .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Laermexposition, Stereozilien, Arbeit, Verhalten, Zelle, Endolymphe, Zelle, Kationen, Zelle, Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit

HNO.00480383.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Eine extreme Laermexposition ist bekannt dafuer , Schaedigungen des Gehoers hervorzurufen , die sich in permanenter oder temporaerer Schwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus manifestieren koennen . Vor allem die Stereozilien der Haarsinneszellen stellen einen sensiblen Angriffspunkt dar deren raemliche Ordnung und ihre Verbindungsfilamente ( Tip-Links ) : koennen zerstoert werden . In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Auswirkung einer pharmakologischen Zerstoerung der Tip-Links auf das elektrophysiologische Verhalten der Zelle untersucht . Es zeigte sich , dass die behandelten aeusseren Haarsinneszellen nicht mehr mechanosensitiv fuer nasische Stimuli waren , was die Wichtigkeit der Tip-Links bei der Reiztransduktion unterstreicht . Entgegen der allgemeinen Erwartung gingen die mechanoelektrischen Transduktionskanaele aber in einen offenen Zustand ueber . Durch die permanent offenen Kannaele stroemen dauerhaft hauptsaechlich K+- und Ca2+-Ionen aus der Endolymphe in die Zelle ein und fuehren zu einer Depolarisation . Dieser durch den Verlust der Tip-Links verursachte Einstrom von Kationen und die Depolarisation der Zelle koennen ein Teil der Ursache einer dem Schalltrauma begleitenden Symptomatik wie Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus sein . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Eine extreme Laermexposition ist bekannt dafuer , Schaedigungen des Gehoers hervorzurufen , die sich in permanenter oder temporaerer Schwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus manifestieren koennen . Vor allem die Stereozilien der Haarsinneszellen stellen einen sensiblen Angriffspunkt dar deren raemliche Ordnung und ihre Verbindungsfilamente ( Tip-Links ) : koennen zerstoert werden . In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Auswirkung einer pharmakologischen Zerstoerung der Tip-Links auf das elektrophysiologische Verhalten der Zelle untersucht . Es zeigte sich , dass die behandelten aeusseren Haarsinneszellen nicht mehr mechanosensitiv fuer nasische Stimuli waren , was die Wichtigkeit der Tip-Links bei der Reiztransduktion unterstreicht . Entgegen der allgemeinen Erwartung gingen die mechanoelektrischen Transduktionskanaele aber in einen offenen Zustand ueber . Durch die permanent offenen Kannaele stroemen dauerhaft hauptsaechlich K+- und Ca2+-Ionen aus der Endolymphe in die Zelle ein und fuehren zu einer Depolarisation . Dieser durch den Verlust der Tip-Links verursachte Einstrom von Kationen und die Depolarisation der Zelle koennen ein Teil der Ursache einer dem Schalltrauma begleitenden Symptomatik wie Innenohrschwerhoerigkeit und Tinnitus sein .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Patienten is an umlsterm, Hypothermie is an umlsterm, Somnolenz is an umlsterm, Patient is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Bewusstseinsstoerung is an umlsterm, Hypothermie is an umlsterm, Rektaltemperatur is an umlsterm, Patient is an umlsterm, Wiedererwaermung is an umlsterm, Hypothermie is an umlsterm, Wiedererwaermung is an umlsterm, Herz - Lungen - Maschine is an umlsterm, Koerpertemperatur is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Temperaturanstieg is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Wiedererwaermung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm

DerAnaesthesist.60451093.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Beschrieben wird die Kasuistik eines 35jaehrigen Patienten , der wegen akzidenteller Hypothermie intensivmedizinisch behandelt wurde . Aufgrund unklarer Somnolenz wurde der Patient vom aerztlichen Notdienst zur stationaeren Behandlung eingewiesen . Bei Aufnahme zeigte sich eine deutliche Bewusstseinsstoerung sowie eine Hypothermie mit einer Rektaltemperatur von 27,4 Grad C. Der Patient wurde zur Wiedererwaermung auf die Intensivstation verbracht . Die Reduktion der haemodynamischen Parameter entsprach dem Grad der Hypothermie , die stabile kardiozirkulatorische Situation ergab keine zwingende Indikation zur Wiedererwaermung mit der Herz-Lungen-Maschine . Statt dessen wurde die aktive Anhebung der Koerpertemperatur durch einen extrakorporalen , veno-venoesen Waermekreislauf durchgefuehrt , der aus einer Haemofiltrationspumpe und einem Waermetauscher bestand . Mit dieser Methode wurde ein durchschnittlicher Temperaturanstieg von 1,34 Grad C/h erreicht . Mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren wird eine effektive und gut steuerbare Methode zur Wiedererwaermung hypothermer Patienten vorgestellt , die - im Gegensatz zum kardiopulmonalen Bypass - aufgrund des geringen apparativen Aufwands auch an Kliniken mit niedriger Versorgungsstufe durchgefuehrt werden kann . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Beschrieben wird die Kasuistik eines 35jaehrigen Patienten , der wegen akzidenteller Hypothermie intensivmedizinisch behandelt wurde . Aufgrund unklarer Somnolenz wurde der Patient vom aerztlichen Notdienst zur stationaeren Behandlung eingewiesen . Bei Aufnahme zeigte sich eine deutliche Bewusstseinsstoerung sowie eine Hypothermie mit einer Rektaltemperatur von 27,4 Grad C. Der Patient wurde zur Wiedererwaermung auf die Intensivstation verbracht . Die Reduktion der haemodynamischen Parameter entsprach dem Grad der Hypothermie , die stabile kardiozirkulatorische Situation ergab keine zwingende Indikation zur Wiedererwaermung mit der Herz-Lungen-Maschine . Statt dessen wurde die aktive Anhebung der Koerpertemperatur durch einen extrakorporalen , veno-venoesen Waermekreislauf durchgefuehrt , der aus einer Haemofiltrationspumpe und einem Waermetauscher bestand . Mit dieser Methode wurde ein durchschnittlicher Temperaturanstieg von 1,34 Grad C/h erreicht . Mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren wird eine effektive und gut steuerbare Methode zur Wiedererwaermung hypothermer Patienten vorgestellt , die - im Gegensatz zum kardiopulmonalen Bypass - aufgrund des geringen apparativen Aufwands auch an Kliniken mit niedriger Versorgungsstufe durchgefuehrt werden kann .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Patienten is an umlsterm, Hypothermie is an umlsterm, Somnolenz is an umlsterm, Patient is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Bewusstseinsstoerung is an umlsterm, Hypothermie is an umlsterm, Rektaltemperatur is an umlsterm, Patient is an umlsterm, Wiedererwaermung is an umlsterm, Hypothermie is an umlsterm, Wiedererwaermung is an umlsterm, Herz - Lungen - Maschine is an umlsterm, Koerpertemperatur is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Temperaturanstieg is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Wiedererwaermung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm

DerAnaesthesist.60451093.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Beschrieben wird die Kasuistik eines 35jaehrigen Patienten , der wegen akzidenteller Hypothermie intensivmedizinisch behandelt wurde . Aufgrund unklarer Somnolenz wurde der Patient vom aerztlichen Notdienst zur stationaeren Behandlung eingewiesen . Bei Aufnahme zeigte sich eine deutliche Bewusstseinsstoerung sowie eine Hypothermie mit einer Rektaltemperatur von 27,4 Grad C. Der Patient wurde zur Wiedererwaermung auf die Intensivstation verbracht . Die Reduktion der haemodynamischen Parameter entsprach dem Grad der Hypothermie , die stabile kardiozirkulatorische Situation ergab keine zwingende Indikation zur Wiedererwaermung mit der Herz-Lungen-Maschine . Statt dessen wurde die aktive Anhebung der Koerpertemperatur durch einen extrakorporalen , veno-venoesen Waermekreislauf durchgefuehrt , der aus einer Haemofiltrationspumpe und einem Waermetauscher bestand . Mit dieser Methode wurde ein durchschnittlicher Temperaturanstieg von 1,34 Grad C/h erreicht . Mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren wird eine effektive und gut steuerbare Methode zur Wiedererwaermung hypothermer Patienten vorgestellt , die - im Gegensatz zum kardiopulmonalen Bypass - aufgrund des geringen apparativen Aufwands auch an Kliniken mit niedriger Versorgungsstufe durchgefuehrt werden kann . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Patienten, Hypothermie, Somnolenz, Patient, Behandlung, Bewusstseinsstoerung, Hypothermie, Rektaltemperatur, Patient, Wiedererwaermung, Hypothermie, Wiedererwaermung, Herz - Lungen - Maschine, Koerpertemperatur, Methode, Temperaturanstieg, Methode, Wiedererwaermung, Patienten Options: umlsterm

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Beschrieben wird die Kasuistik eines 35jaehrigen Patienten , der wegen akzidenteller Hypothermie intensivmedizinisch behandelt wurde . Aufgrund unklarer Somnolenz wurde der Patient vom aerztlichen Notdienst zur stationaeren Behandlung eingewiesen . Bei Aufnahme zeigte sich eine deutliche Bewusstseinsstoerung sowie eine Hypothermie mit einer Rektaltemperatur von 27,4 Grad C. Der Patient wurde zur Wiedererwaermung auf die Intensivstation verbracht . Die Reduktion der haemodynamischen Parameter entsprach dem Grad der Hypothermie , die stabile kardiozirkulatorische Situation ergab keine zwingende Indikation zur Wiedererwaermung mit der Herz-Lungen-Maschine . Statt dessen wurde die aktive Anhebung der Koerpertemperatur durch einen extrakorporalen , veno-venoesen Waermekreislauf durchgefuehrt , der aus einer Haemofiltrationspumpe und einem Waermetauscher bestand . Mit dieser Methode wurde ein durchschnittlicher Temperaturanstieg von 1,34 Grad C/h erreicht . Mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren wird eine effektive und gut steuerbare Methode zur Wiedererwaermung hypothermer Patienten vorgestellt , die - im Gegensatz zum kardiopulmonalen Bypass - aufgrund des geringen apparativen Aufwands auch an Kliniken mit niedriger Versorgungsstufe durchgefuehrt werden kann .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Patienten, Hypothermie, Somnolenz, Patient, Behandlung, Bewusstseinsstoerung, Hypothermie, Rektaltemperatur, Patient, Wiedererwaermung, Hypothermie, Wiedererwaermung, Herz - Lungen - Maschine, Koerpertemperatur, Methode, Temperaturanstieg, Methode, Wiedererwaermung, Patienten

DerAnaesthesist.60451093.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Beschrieben wird die Kasuistik eines 35jaehrigen Patienten , der wegen akzidenteller Hypothermie intensivmedizinisch behandelt wurde . Aufgrund unklarer Somnolenz wurde der Patient vom aerztlichen Notdienst zur stationaeren Behandlung eingewiesen . Bei Aufnahme zeigte sich eine deutliche Bewusstseinsstoerung sowie eine Hypothermie mit einer Rektaltemperatur von 27,4 Grad C. Der Patient wurde zur Wiedererwaermung auf die Intensivstation verbracht . Die Reduktion der haemodynamischen Parameter entsprach dem Grad der Hypothermie , die stabile kardiozirkulatorische Situation ergab keine zwingende Indikation zur Wiedererwaermung mit der Herz-Lungen-Maschine . Statt dessen wurde die aktive Anhebung der Koerpertemperatur durch einen extrakorporalen , veno-venoesen Waermekreislauf durchgefuehrt , der aus einer Haemofiltrationspumpe und einem Waermetauscher bestand . Mit dieser Methode wurde ein durchschnittlicher Temperaturanstieg von 1,34 Grad C/h erreicht . Mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren wird eine effektive und gut steuerbare Methode zur Wiedererwaermung hypothermer Patienten vorgestellt , die - im Gegensatz zum kardiopulmonalen Bypass - aufgrund des geringen apparativen Aufwands auch an Kliniken mit niedriger Versorgungsstufe durchgefuehrt werden kann . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Beschrieben wird die Kasuistik eines 35jaehrigen Patienten , der wegen akzidenteller Hypothermie intensivmedizinisch behandelt wurde . Aufgrund unklarer Somnolenz wurde der Patient vom aerztlichen Notdienst zur stationaeren Behandlung eingewiesen . Bei Aufnahme zeigte sich eine deutliche Bewusstseinsstoerung sowie eine Hypothermie mit einer Rektaltemperatur von 27,4 Grad C. Der Patient wurde zur Wiedererwaermung auf die Intensivstation verbracht . Die Reduktion der haemodynamischen Parameter entsprach dem Grad der Hypothermie , die stabile kardiozirkulatorische Situation ergab keine zwingende Indikation zur Wiedererwaermung mit der Herz-Lungen-Maschine . Statt dessen wurde die aktive Anhebung der Koerpertemperatur durch einen extrakorporalen , veno-venoesen Waermekreislauf durchgefuehrt , der aus einer Haemofiltrationspumpe und einem Waermetauscher bestand . Mit dieser Methode wurde ein durchschnittlicher Temperaturanstieg von 1,34 Grad C/h erreicht . Mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren wird eine effektive und gut steuerbare Methode zur Wiedererwaermung hypothermer Patienten vorgestellt , die - im Gegensatz zum kardiopulmonalen Bypass - aufgrund des geringen apparativen Aufwands auch an Kliniken mit niedriger Versorgungsstufe durchgefuehrt werden kann .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, node is a Multi-tissue_structure, lung cancer is a Cancer, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, cancers is a Cancer, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, sites is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, lung cancers is a Cancer, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, primary cancers is a Cancer, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, primary cancers is a Cancer, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, lung cancers is a Cancer, patients is a Organism, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, patients is a Organism, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, patients is a Organism, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, node - positive lung cancers is a Cancer, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, patients is a Organism

32_task0

Sentence: Immunohistochemical analysis of nm23-H1 gene product in node-positive lung cancer and lymph nodes. The nm23-H1 gene product has been considered as an anti-metastatic protein and the level of its expression has been reported to correlate inversely with metastatic potential in some cancers. However, the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in the metastatic sites have not been studied in detail. We examined the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in surgically resected 46 pairs of primary lung cancers and metastatic lymph nodes by immunohistochemistry. The positive staining of nm23-H1 gene product in primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes were observed in 56.5 and 67.4%, respectively. The heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression between primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes was observed in 41.3%. No correlations were found between the nm23-H1 gene product expression in lung cancers and the patients survival. No significant association was also observed between nm23-H1 gene product expression in lymph nodes and the patients survival. There was, furthermore, no correlation between the heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression and the patients survival. In conclusion, the level of nm23-H1 gene product expression does not significantly reveal prognostic value in node-positive lung cancers. Expression of nm23-H1 gene product in metastatic lymph nodes was also unrelated to patients survival. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Multi-tissue_structure, Organism, Cancer, Gene_or_gene_product

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Immunohistochemical analysis of nm23-H1 gene product in node-positive lung cancer and lymph nodes. The nm23-H1 gene product has been considered as an anti-metastatic protein and the level of its expression has been reported to correlate inversely with metastatic potential in some cancers. However, the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in the metastatic sites have not been studied in detail. We examined the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in surgically resected 46 pairs of primary lung cancers and metastatic lymph nodes by immunohistochemistry. The positive staining of nm23-H1 gene product in primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes were observed in 56.5 and 67.4%, respectively. The heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression between primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes was observed in 41.3%. No correlations were found between the nm23-H1 gene product expression in lung cancers and the patients survival. No significant association was also observed between nm23-H1 gene product expression in lymph nodes and the patients survival. There was, furthermore, no correlation between the heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression and the patients survival. In conclusion, the level of nm23-H1 gene product expression does not significantly reveal prognostic value in node-positive lung cancers. Expression of nm23-H1 gene product in metastatic lymph nodes was also unrelated to patients survival.

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[ "Cancer", "Multi-tissue_structure", "Organism", "Gene_or_gene_product" ]

nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, node is a Multi-tissue_structure, lung cancer is a Cancer, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, cancers is a Cancer, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, sites is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, lung cancers is a Cancer, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, primary cancers is a Cancer, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, primary cancers is a Cancer, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, lung cancers is a Cancer, patients is a Organism, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, patients is a Organism, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, patients is a Organism, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, node - positive lung cancers is a Cancer, nm23-H1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, lymph nodes is a Multi-tissue_structure, patients is a Organism

32_task1

Sentence: Immunohistochemical analysis of nm23-H1 gene product in node-positive lung cancer and lymph nodes. The nm23-H1 gene product has been considered as an anti-metastatic protein and the level of its expression has been reported to correlate inversely with metastatic potential in some cancers. However, the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in the metastatic sites have not been studied in detail. We examined the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in surgically resected 46 pairs of primary lung cancers and metastatic lymph nodes by immunohistochemistry. The positive staining of nm23-H1 gene product in primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes were observed in 56.5 and 67.4%, respectively. The heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression between primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes was observed in 41.3%. No correlations were found between the nm23-H1 gene product expression in lung cancers and the patients survival. No significant association was also observed between nm23-H1 gene product expression in lymph nodes and the patients survival. There was, furthermore, no correlation between the heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression and the patients survival. In conclusion, the level of nm23-H1 gene product expression does not significantly reveal prognostic value in node-positive lung cancers. Expression of nm23-H1 gene product in metastatic lymph nodes was also unrelated to patients survival. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: nm23-H1, node, lung cancer, lymph nodes, nm23-H1, cancers, nm23-H1, sites, nm23-H1, lung cancers, lymph nodes, nm23-H1, primary cancers, lymph nodes, nm23-H1, primary cancers, lymph nodes, nm23-H1, lung cancers, patients, nm23-H1, lymph nodes, patients, nm23-H1, patients, nm23-H1, node - positive lung cancers, nm23-H1, lymph nodes, patients Options: Multi-tissue_structure, Organism, Cancer, Gene_or_gene_product

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Immunohistochemical analysis of nm23-H1 gene product in node-positive lung cancer and lymph nodes. The nm23-H1 gene product has been considered as an anti-metastatic protein and the level of its expression has been reported to correlate inversely with metastatic potential in some cancers. However, the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in the metastatic sites have not been studied in detail. We examined the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in surgically resected 46 pairs of primary lung cancers and metastatic lymph nodes by immunohistochemistry. The positive staining of nm23-H1 gene product in primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes were observed in 56.5 and 67.4%, respectively. The heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression between primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes was observed in 41.3%. No correlations were found between the nm23-H1 gene product expression in lung cancers and the patients survival. No significant association was also observed between nm23-H1 gene product expression in lymph nodes and the patients survival. There was, furthermore, no correlation between the heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression and the patients survival. In conclusion, the level of nm23-H1 gene product expression does not significantly reveal prognostic value in node-positive lung cancers. Expression of nm23-H1 gene product in metastatic lymph nodes was also unrelated to patients survival.

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[ "Cancer", "Multi-tissue_structure", "Organism", "Gene_or_gene_product" ]

nm23-H1, node, lung cancer, lymph nodes, nm23-H1, cancers, nm23-H1, sites, nm23-H1, lung cancers, lymph nodes, nm23-H1, primary cancers, lymph nodes, nm23-H1, primary cancers, lymph nodes, nm23-H1, lung cancers, patients, nm23-H1, lymph nodes, patients, nm23-H1, patients, nm23-H1, node - positive lung cancers, nm23-H1, lymph nodes, patients

32_task2

Sentence: Immunohistochemical analysis of nm23-H1 gene product in node-positive lung cancer and lymph nodes. The nm23-H1 gene product has been considered as an anti-metastatic protein and the level of its expression has been reported to correlate inversely with metastatic potential in some cancers. However, the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in the metastatic sites have not been studied in detail. We examined the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in surgically resected 46 pairs of primary lung cancers and metastatic lymph nodes by immunohistochemistry. The positive staining of nm23-H1 gene product in primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes were observed in 56.5 and 67.4%, respectively. The heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression between primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes was observed in 41.3%. No correlations were found between the nm23-H1 gene product expression in lung cancers and the patients survival. No significant association was also observed between nm23-H1 gene product expression in lymph nodes and the patients survival. There was, furthermore, no correlation between the heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression and the patients survival. In conclusion, the level of nm23-H1 gene product expression does not significantly reveal prognostic value in node-positive lung cancers. Expression of nm23-H1 gene product in metastatic lymph nodes was also unrelated to patients survival. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Immunohistochemical analysis of nm23-H1 gene product in node-positive lung cancer and lymph nodes. The nm23-H1 gene product has been considered as an anti-metastatic protein and the level of its expression has been reported to correlate inversely with metastatic potential in some cancers. However, the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in the metastatic sites have not been studied in detail. We examined the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in surgically resected 46 pairs of primary lung cancers and metastatic lymph nodes by immunohistochemistry. The positive staining of nm23-H1 gene product in primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes were observed in 56.5 and 67.4%, respectively. The heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression between primary cancers and metastatic lymph nodes was observed in 41.3%. No correlations were found between the nm23-H1 gene product expression in lung cancers and the patients survival. No significant association was also observed between nm23-H1 gene product expression in lymph nodes and the patients survival. There was, furthermore, no correlation between the heterogeneity of nm23-H1 gene product expression and the patients survival. In conclusion, the level of nm23-H1 gene product expression does not significantly reveal prognostic value in node-positive lung cancers. Expression of nm23-H1 gene product in metastatic lymph nodes was also unrelated to patients survival.

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[ "Cancer", "Multi-tissue_structure", "Organism", "Gene_or_gene_product" ]

infectious diseases is an umlsterm, signs is an umlsterm, symptoms is an umlsterm, People is an umlsterm, deficiency is an umlsterm, infections is an umlsterm, History is an umlsterm, physical examination is an umlsterm, laboratory tests is an umlsterm, microbiological is an umlsterm, tests is an umlsterm, imaging is an umlsterm, methods is an umlsterm, exact is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, differential diagnosis is an umlsterm, autoimmune diseases is an umlsterm, amyloidosis is an umlsterm, malignant lymphoma is an umlsterm

DerRadiologe.00400495.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Chronic infectious diseases may run over many months and years , accompanied by only mild clinical signs and often without organ-specific symptoms . People with any kind of immuno deficiency are more frequently affected by chronic infections . History , physical examination , laboratory tests , microbiological tests and imaging methods may lead to an exact diagnosis . The most important differential diagnosis are autoimmune diseases , amyloidosis and malignant lymphoma . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]

Chronic infectious diseases may run over many months and years , accompanied by only mild clinical signs and often without organ-specific symptoms . People with any kind of immuno deficiency are more frequently affected by chronic infections . History , physical examination , laboratory tests , microbiological tests and imaging methods may lead to an exact diagnosis . The most important differential diagnosis are autoimmune diseases , amyloidosis and malignant lymphoma .

[ "Chronic", "infectious", "diseases", "may", "run", "over", "many", "months", "and", "years", ",", "accompanied", "by", "only", "mild", "clinical", "signs", "and", "often", "without", "organ", "-", "specific", "symptoms", ".", "People", "with", "any", "kind", "of", "immuno", "deficiency", "are", "more", "frequently", "affected", "by", "chronic", "infections", ".", "History", ",", "physical", "examination", ",", "laboratory", "tests", ",", "microbiological", "tests", "and", "imaging", "methods", "may", "lead", "to", "an", "exact", "diagnosis", ".", "The", "most", "important", "differential", "diagnosis", "are", "autoimmune", "diseases", ",", "amyloidosis", "and", "malignant", "lymphoma", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

infectious diseases is an umlsterm, signs is an umlsterm, symptoms is an umlsterm, People is an umlsterm, deficiency is an umlsterm, infections is an umlsterm, History is an umlsterm, physical examination is an umlsterm, laboratory tests is an umlsterm, microbiological is an umlsterm, tests is an umlsterm, imaging is an umlsterm, methods is an umlsterm, exact is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, differential diagnosis is an umlsterm, autoimmune diseases is an umlsterm, amyloidosis is an umlsterm, malignant lymphoma is an umlsterm

DerRadiologe.00400495.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Chronic infectious diseases may run over many months and years , accompanied by only mild clinical signs and often without organ-specific symptoms . People with any kind of immuno deficiency are more frequently affected by chronic infections . History , physical examination , laboratory tests , microbiological tests and imaging methods may lead to an exact diagnosis . The most important differential diagnosis are autoimmune diseases , amyloidosis and malignant lymphoma . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: infectious diseases, signs, symptoms, People, deficiency, infections, History, physical examination, laboratory tests, microbiological, tests, imaging, methods, exact, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, autoimmune diseases, amyloidosis, malignant lymphoma Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]

Chronic infectious diseases may run over many months and years , accompanied by only mild clinical signs and often without organ-specific symptoms . People with any kind of immuno deficiency are more frequently affected by chronic infections . History , physical examination , laboratory tests , microbiological tests and imaging methods may lead to an exact diagnosis . The most important differential diagnosis are autoimmune diseases , amyloidosis and malignant lymphoma .

[ "Chronic", "infectious", "diseases", "may", "run", "over", "many", "months", "and", "years", ",", "accompanied", "by", "only", "mild", "clinical", "signs", "and", "often", "without", "organ", "-", "specific", "symptoms", ".", "People", "with", "any", "kind", "of", "immuno", "deficiency", "are", "more", "frequently", "affected", "by", "chronic", "infections", ".", "History", ",", "physical", "examination", ",", "laboratory", "tests", ",", "microbiological", "tests", "and", "imaging", "methods", "may", "lead", "to", "an", "exact", "diagnosis", ".", "The", "most", "important", "differential", "diagnosis", "are", "autoimmune", "diseases", ",", "amyloidosis", "and", "malignant", "lymphoma", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

infectious diseases, signs, symptoms, People, deficiency, infections, History, physical examination, laboratory tests, microbiological, tests, imaging, methods, exact, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, autoimmune diseases, amyloidosis, malignant lymphoma

DerRadiologe.00400495.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Chronic infectious diseases may run over many months and years , accompanied by only mild clinical signs and often without organ-specific symptoms . People with any kind of immuno deficiency are more frequently affected by chronic infections . History , physical examination , laboratory tests , microbiological tests and imaging methods may lead to an exact diagnosis . The most important differential diagnosis are autoimmune diseases , amyloidosis and malignant lymphoma . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]

Chronic infectious diseases may run over many months and years , accompanied by only mild clinical signs and often without organ-specific symptoms . People with any kind of immuno deficiency are more frequently affected by chronic infections . History , physical examination , laboratory tests , microbiological tests and imaging methods may lead to an exact diagnosis . The most important differential diagnosis are autoimmune diseases , amyloidosis and malignant lymphoma .

[ "Chronic", "infectious", "diseases", "may", "run", "over", "many", "months", "and", "years", ",", "accompanied", "by", "only", "mild", "clinical", "signs", "and", "often", "without", "organ", "-", "specific", "symptoms", ".", "People", "with", "any", "kind", "of", "immuno", "deficiency", "are", "more", "frequently", "affected", "by", "chronic", "infections", ".", "History", ",", "physical", "examination", ",", "laboratory", "tests", ",", "microbiological", "tests", "and", "imaging", "methods", "may", "lead", "to", "an", "exact", "diagnosis", ".", "The", "most", "important", "differential", "diagnosis", "are", "autoimmune", "diseases", ",", "amyloidosis", "and", "malignant", "lymphoma", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

fenretinide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, superficial bladder cancer is a Participant_Condition, synthetic retinoid fenretinide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, no intervention is a Intervention_Control, proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms is a Outcome_Physical, abnormal cytological examinations is a Outcome_Physical, response biomarker is a Outcome_Physical, Recurrence - free survival is a Outcome_Mortality, dark adaptability is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, mild dermatological alterations is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, content distribution is a Outcome_Physical, morphology of urothelial cells is a Outcome_Physical

4767_task0

Sentence: Randomized trial of fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry as an intermediate end point . Retinoids have shown a potential activity in preventing tumor recurrence in superficial bladder cancer . We assessed the activity of the synthetic retinoid fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry and conventional cytology as surrogate biomarkers . A total of 99 subjects with resected superficial bladder cancer ( pTa , pT1 ) were randomized to either fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o . for 24 months ) or no intervention . Cystoscopy and bladder washing for DNA flow cytometry end points ( proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms , hyperdiploid fraction , and percentage of apoptotic cells ) and proportion of abnormal cytological examinations were repeated every 4 months for up to 36 months . The primary study end point was the proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms after 12 months . This figure was 48.9 % in the fenretinide arm and 41.9 % in the control arm ( odds ratio , 1.16 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.44-3.07 ) . There was no difference in any other response biomarker between the two groups up to 36 months , nor was any biomarker able to predict recurrence risk . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between the arms ( 27 events in the fenretinide arm versus 21 in the control arm ; P = 0.36 ) . Twelve subjects in the fenretinide arm complained of diminished dark adaptability , and nine subjects in the fenretinide arm versus one control subject had mild dermatological alterations . We conclude that fenretinide showed a lack of effect on the DNA content distribution and the morphology of urothelial cells obtained in serial bladder washings . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between groups . Because our data are hampered by the lack of predictivity of the selected biomarkers , additional studies are necessary to assess the activity of fenretinide in preventing bladder cancer . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Mortality, Outcome_Physical

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Randomized trial of fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry as an intermediate end point . Retinoids have shown a potential activity in preventing tumor recurrence in superficial bladder cancer . We assessed the activity of the synthetic retinoid fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry and conventional cytology as surrogate biomarkers . A total of 99 subjects with resected superficial bladder cancer ( pTa , pT1 ) were randomized to either fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o . for 24 months ) or no intervention . Cystoscopy and bladder washing for DNA flow cytometry end points ( proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms , hyperdiploid fraction , and percentage of apoptotic cells ) and proportion of abnormal cytological examinations were repeated every 4 months for up to 36 months . The primary study end point was the proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms after 12 months . This figure was 48.9 % in the fenretinide arm and 41.9 % in the control arm ( odds ratio , 1.16 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.44-3.07 ) . There was no difference in any other response biomarker between the two groups up to 36 months , nor was any biomarker able to predict recurrence risk . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between the arms ( 27 events in the fenretinide arm versus 21 in the control arm ; P = 0.36 ) . Twelve subjects in the fenretinide arm complained of diminished dark adaptability , and nine subjects in the fenretinide arm versus one control subject had mild dermatological alterations . We conclude that fenretinide showed a lack of effect on the DNA content distribution and the morphology of urothelial cells obtained in serial bladder washings . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between groups . Because our data are hampered by the lack of predictivity of the selected biomarkers , additional studies are necessary to assess the activity of fenretinide in preventing bladder cancer .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Mortality", "Intervention_Control" ]

fenretinide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, superficial bladder cancer is a Participant_Condition, synthetic retinoid fenretinide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, no intervention is a Intervention_Control, proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms is a Outcome_Physical, abnormal cytological examinations is a Outcome_Physical, response biomarker is a Outcome_Physical, Recurrence - free survival is a Outcome_Mortality, dark adaptability is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, mild dermatological alterations is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, content distribution is a Outcome_Physical, morphology of urothelial cells is a Outcome_Physical

4767_task1

Sentence: Randomized trial of fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry as an intermediate end point . Retinoids have shown a potential activity in preventing tumor recurrence in superficial bladder cancer . We assessed the activity of the synthetic retinoid fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry and conventional cytology as surrogate biomarkers . A total of 99 subjects with resected superficial bladder cancer ( pTa , pT1 ) were randomized to either fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o . for 24 months ) or no intervention . Cystoscopy and bladder washing for DNA flow cytometry end points ( proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms , hyperdiploid fraction , and percentage of apoptotic cells ) and proportion of abnormal cytological examinations were repeated every 4 months for up to 36 months . The primary study end point was the proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms after 12 months . This figure was 48.9 % in the fenretinide arm and 41.9 % in the control arm ( odds ratio , 1.16 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.44-3.07 ) . There was no difference in any other response biomarker between the two groups up to 36 months , nor was any biomarker able to predict recurrence risk . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between the arms ( 27 events in the fenretinide arm versus 21 in the control arm ; P = 0.36 ) . Twelve subjects in the fenretinide arm complained of diminished dark adaptability , and nine subjects in the fenretinide arm versus one control subject had mild dermatological alterations . We conclude that fenretinide showed a lack of effect on the DNA content distribution and the morphology of urothelial cells obtained in serial bladder washings . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between groups . Because our data are hampered by the lack of predictivity of the selected biomarkers , additional studies are necessary to assess the activity of fenretinide in preventing bladder cancer . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: fenretinide, superficial bladder cancer, synthetic retinoid fenretinide, fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o ., no intervention, proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms, abnormal cytological examinations, response biomarker, Recurrence - free survival, dark adaptability, mild dermatological alterations, content distribution, morphology of urothelial cells Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Mortality, Outcome_Physical

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Randomized trial of fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry as an intermediate end point . Retinoids have shown a potential activity in preventing tumor recurrence in superficial bladder cancer . We assessed the activity of the synthetic retinoid fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry and conventional cytology as surrogate biomarkers . A total of 99 subjects with resected superficial bladder cancer ( pTa , pT1 ) were randomized to either fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o . for 24 months ) or no intervention . Cystoscopy and bladder washing for DNA flow cytometry end points ( proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms , hyperdiploid fraction , and percentage of apoptotic cells ) and proportion of abnormal cytological examinations were repeated every 4 months for up to 36 months . The primary study end point was the proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms after 12 months . This figure was 48.9 % in the fenretinide arm and 41.9 % in the control arm ( odds ratio , 1.16 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.44-3.07 ) . There was no difference in any other response biomarker between the two groups up to 36 months , nor was any biomarker able to predict recurrence risk . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between the arms ( 27 events in the fenretinide arm versus 21 in the control arm ; P = 0.36 ) . Twelve subjects in the fenretinide arm complained of diminished dark adaptability , and nine subjects in the fenretinide arm versus one control subject had mild dermatological alterations . We conclude that fenretinide showed a lack of effect on the DNA content distribution and the morphology of urothelial cells obtained in serial bladder washings . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between groups . Because our data are hampered by the lack of predictivity of the selected biomarkers , additional studies are necessary to assess the activity of fenretinide in preventing bladder cancer .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Mortality", "Intervention_Control" ]

fenretinide, superficial bladder cancer, synthetic retinoid fenretinide, fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o ., no intervention, proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms, abnormal cytological examinations, response biomarker, Recurrence - free survival, dark adaptability, mild dermatological alterations, content distribution, morphology of urothelial cells

4767_task2

Sentence: Randomized trial of fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry as an intermediate end point . Retinoids have shown a potential activity in preventing tumor recurrence in superficial bladder cancer . We assessed the activity of the synthetic retinoid fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry and conventional cytology as surrogate biomarkers . A total of 99 subjects with resected superficial bladder cancer ( pTa , pT1 ) were randomized to either fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o . for 24 months ) or no intervention . Cystoscopy and bladder washing for DNA flow cytometry end points ( proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms , hyperdiploid fraction , and percentage of apoptotic cells ) and proportion of abnormal cytological examinations were repeated every 4 months for up to 36 months . The primary study end point was the proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms after 12 months . This figure was 48.9 % in the fenretinide arm and 41.9 % in the control arm ( odds ratio , 1.16 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.44-3.07 ) . There was no difference in any other response biomarker between the two groups up to 36 months , nor was any biomarker able to predict recurrence risk . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between the arms ( 27 events in the fenretinide arm versus 21 in the control arm ; P = 0.36 ) . Twelve subjects in the fenretinide arm complained of diminished dark adaptability , and nine subjects in the fenretinide arm versus one control subject had mild dermatological alterations . We conclude that fenretinide showed a lack of effect on the DNA content distribution and the morphology of urothelial cells obtained in serial bladder washings . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between groups . Because our data are hampered by the lack of predictivity of the selected biomarkers , additional studies are necessary to assess the activity of fenretinide in preventing bladder cancer . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Randomized trial of fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry as an intermediate end point . Retinoids have shown a potential activity in preventing tumor recurrence in superficial bladder cancer . We assessed the activity of the synthetic retinoid fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry and conventional cytology as surrogate biomarkers . A total of 99 subjects with resected superficial bladder cancer ( pTa , pT1 ) were randomized to either fenretinide ( 200 mg day p.o . for 24 months ) or no intervention . Cystoscopy and bladder washing for DNA flow cytometry end points ( proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms , hyperdiploid fraction , and percentage of apoptotic cells ) and proportion of abnormal cytological examinations were repeated every 4 months for up to 36 months . The primary study end point was the proportion of DNA aneuploid histograms after 12 months . This figure was 48.9 % in the fenretinide arm and 41.9 % in the control arm ( odds ratio , 1.16 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.44-3.07 ) . There was no difference in any other response biomarker between the two groups up to 36 months , nor was any biomarker able to predict recurrence risk . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between the arms ( 27 events in the fenretinide arm versus 21 in the control arm ; P = 0.36 ) . Twelve subjects in the fenretinide arm complained of diminished dark adaptability , and nine subjects in the fenretinide arm versus one control subject had mild dermatological alterations . We conclude that fenretinide showed a lack of effect on the DNA content distribution and the morphology of urothelial cells obtained in serial bladder washings . Recurrence-free survival was comparable between groups . Because our data are hampered by the lack of predictivity of the selected biomarkers , additional studies are necessary to assess the activity of fenretinide in preventing bladder cancer .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Mortality", "Intervention_Control" ]

p300 / CBP is a protein-family, E1A is a protein, DNA is a DNA

1.0alpha7.train.931_task0

Sentence: The binding of p300/CBP by E1A stimulates quiescent primary cardiac myocytes to undergo DNA synthesis ( 5, 6). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: DNA, protein-family, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The binding of p300/CBP by E1A stimulates quiescent primary cardiac myocytes to undergo DNA synthesis ( 5, 6).

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[ "protein-family", "protein", "DNA" ]

p300 / CBP is a protein-family, E1A is a protein, DNA is a DNA

1.0alpha7.train.931_task1

Sentence: The binding of p300/CBP by E1A stimulates quiescent primary cardiac myocytes to undergo DNA synthesis ( 5, 6). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: p300 / CBP, E1A, DNA Options: DNA, protein-family, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The binding of p300/CBP by E1A stimulates quiescent primary cardiac myocytes to undergo DNA synthesis ( 5, 6).

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[ "protein-family", "protein", "DNA" ]

p300 / CBP, E1A, DNA

1.0alpha7.train.931_task2

Sentence: The binding of p300/CBP by E1A stimulates quiescent primary cardiac myocytes to undergo DNA synthesis ( 5, 6). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The binding of p300/CBP by E1A stimulates quiescent primary cardiac myocytes to undergo DNA synthesis ( 5, 6).

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[ "protein-family", "protein", "DNA" ]

Therapy is an umlsterm, varicocele is an umlsterm, commentary is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm

DerUrologeA.80370277.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Therapy of varicocele : a commentary and critical evaluation . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Therapy of varicocele : a commentary and critical evaluation .

[ "Therapy", "of", "varicocele", ":", "a", "commentary", "and", "critical", "evaluation", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Therapy is an umlsterm, varicocele is an umlsterm, commentary is an umlsterm, evaluation is an umlsterm

DerUrologeA.80370277.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Therapy of varicocele : a commentary and critical evaluation . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Therapy, varicocele, commentary, evaluation Options: umlsterm

[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Therapy of varicocele : a commentary and critical evaluation .

[ "Therapy", "of", "varicocele", ":", "a", "commentary", "and", "critical", "evaluation", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Therapy, varicocele, commentary, evaluation

DerUrologeA.80370277.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Therapy of varicocele : a commentary and critical evaluation . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Therapy of varicocele : a commentary and critical evaluation .

[ "Therapy", "of", "varicocele", ":", "a", "commentary", "and", "critical", "evaluation", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

amniotic fluid is a Organism_substance, fetal lung is a Organ, amniotic fluid is a Organism_substance, fetal lung is a Organ, amniotic fluid is a Organism_substance, samples is a Organism_substance, respiratory is a Anatomical_system, specimen is a Organism_substance

PMID-4066990_task0

Sentence: Rapid enzyme analysis of amniotic fluid phospholipids containing choline: a comparison with the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio in prenatal assessment of fetal lung maturity. The relation between the choline containing surfactant phospholipids lecithin and sphingomyelin in amniotic fluid and fetal lung maturity is well established. An enzymatic method that had been automated and optimised for use on a centrifugal analyser was used to measure the total choline containing phospholipids in amniotic fluid. The total time taken for this assay was 10 minutes. The results obtained from 100 patient samples, using this procedure, compared favourably with the results obtained by the thin layer chromatography procedure used to determine the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio (r = 0.93). A clinical study of 60 patients showed that this assay predicted prenatal respiratory distress syndrome as well as the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratios. The advantage of this assay over existing procedures is that it requires minimum preparation of the specimen and no extraction, is quick, and shows a high degree of precision. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Anatomical_system, Organ, Organism_substance

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "I-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organ", "I-Organ", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "I-Organism_substance", "O", "B-Organ", "I-Organ", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "I-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Anatomical_system", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Rapid enzyme analysis of amniotic fluid phospholipids containing choline: a comparison with the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio in prenatal assessment of fetal lung maturity. The relation between the choline containing surfactant phospholipids lecithin and sphingomyelin in amniotic fluid and fetal lung maturity is well established. An enzymatic method that had been automated and optimised for use on a centrifugal analyser was used to measure the total choline containing phospholipids in amniotic fluid. The total time taken for this assay was 10 minutes. The results obtained from 100 patient samples, using this procedure, compared favourably with the results obtained by the thin layer chromatography procedure used to determine the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio (r = 0.93). A clinical study of 60 patients showed that this assay predicted prenatal respiratory distress syndrome as well as the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratios. The advantage of this assay over existing procedures is that it requires minimum preparation of the specimen and no extraction, is quick, and shows a high degree of precision.

[ "Rapid", "enzyme", "analysis", "of", "amniotic", "fluid", "phospholipids", "containing", "choline", ":", "a", "comparison", "with", "the", "lecithin", "to", "sphingomyelin", "ratio", "in", "prenatal", "assessment", "of", "fetal", "lung", "maturity", ".", "\n", "The", "relation", "between", "the", "choline", "containing", "surfactant", "phospholipids", "lecithin", "and", "sphingomyelin", "in", "amniotic", "fluid", "and", "fetal", "lung", "maturity", "is", "well", "established", ".", "An", "enzymatic", "method", "that", "had", "been", "automated", "and", "optimised", "for", "use", "on", "a", "centrifugal", "analyser", "was", "used", "to", "measure", "the", "total", "choline", "containing", "phospholipids", "in", "amniotic", "fluid", ".", "The", "total", "time", "taken", "for", "this", "assay", "was", "10", "minutes", ".", "The", "results", "obtained", "from", "100", "patient", "samples", ",", "using", "this", "procedure", ",", "compared", "favourably", "with", "the", "results", "obtained", "by", "the", "thin", "layer", "chromatography", "procedure", "used", "to", "determine", "the", "lecithin", "to", "sphingomyelin", "ratio", "(", "r", "=", "0.93", ")", ".", "A", "clinical", "study", "of", "60", "patients", "showed", "that", "this", "assay", "predicted", "prenatal", "respiratory", "distress", "syndrome", "as", "well", "as", "the", "lecithin", "to", "sphingomyelin", "ratios", ".", "The", "advantage", "of", "this", "assay", "over", "existing", "procedures", "is", "that", "it", "requires", "minimum", "preparation", "of", "the", "specimen", "and", "no", "extraction", ",", "is", "quick", ",", "and", "shows", "a", "high", "degree", "of", "precision", ".", "\n" ]

[ "Organism_substance", "Anatomical_system", "Organ" ]

amniotic fluid is a Organism_substance, fetal lung is a Organ, amniotic fluid is a Organism_substance, fetal lung is a Organ, amniotic fluid is a Organism_substance, samples is a Organism_substance, respiratory is a Anatomical_system, specimen is a Organism_substance

PMID-4066990_task1

Sentence: Rapid enzyme analysis of amniotic fluid phospholipids containing choline: a comparison with the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio in prenatal assessment of fetal lung maturity. The relation between the choline containing surfactant phospholipids lecithin and sphingomyelin in amniotic fluid and fetal lung maturity is well established. An enzymatic method that had been automated and optimised for use on a centrifugal analyser was used to measure the total choline containing phospholipids in amniotic fluid. The total time taken for this assay was 10 minutes. The results obtained from 100 patient samples, using this procedure, compared favourably with the results obtained by the thin layer chromatography procedure used to determine the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio (r = 0.93). A clinical study of 60 patients showed that this assay predicted prenatal respiratory distress syndrome as well as the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratios. The advantage of this assay over existing procedures is that it requires minimum preparation of the specimen and no extraction, is quick, and shows a high degree of precision. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: amniotic fluid, fetal lung, amniotic fluid, fetal lung, amniotic fluid, samples, respiratory, specimen Options: Anatomical_system, Organ, Organism_substance

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "I-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organ", "I-Organ", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "I-Organism_substance", "O", "B-Organ", "I-Organ", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "I-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Anatomical_system", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Rapid enzyme analysis of amniotic fluid phospholipids containing choline: a comparison with the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio in prenatal assessment of fetal lung maturity. The relation between the choline containing surfactant phospholipids lecithin and sphingomyelin in amniotic fluid and fetal lung maturity is well established. An enzymatic method that had been automated and optimised for use on a centrifugal analyser was used to measure the total choline containing phospholipids in amniotic fluid. The total time taken for this assay was 10 minutes. The results obtained from 100 patient samples, using this procedure, compared favourably with the results obtained by the thin layer chromatography procedure used to determine the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio (r = 0.93). A clinical study of 60 patients showed that this assay predicted prenatal respiratory distress syndrome as well as the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratios. The advantage of this assay over existing procedures is that it requires minimum preparation of the specimen and no extraction, is quick, and shows a high degree of precision.

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[ "Organism_substance", "Anatomical_system", "Organ" ]

amniotic fluid, fetal lung, amniotic fluid, fetal lung, amniotic fluid, samples, respiratory, specimen

PMID-4066990_task2

Sentence: Rapid enzyme analysis of amniotic fluid phospholipids containing choline: a comparison with the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio in prenatal assessment of fetal lung maturity. The relation between the choline containing surfactant phospholipids lecithin and sphingomyelin in amniotic fluid and fetal lung maturity is well established. An enzymatic method that had been automated and optimised for use on a centrifugal analyser was used to measure the total choline containing phospholipids in amniotic fluid. The total time taken for this assay was 10 minutes. The results obtained from 100 patient samples, using this procedure, compared favourably with the results obtained by the thin layer chromatography procedure used to determine the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio (r = 0.93). A clinical study of 60 patients showed that this assay predicted prenatal respiratory distress syndrome as well as the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratios. The advantage of this assay over existing procedures is that it requires minimum preparation of the specimen and no extraction, is quick, and shows a high degree of precision. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "I-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organ", "I-Organ", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "I-Organism_substance", "O", "B-Organ", "I-Organ", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "I-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Anatomical_system", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism_substance", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Rapid enzyme analysis of amniotic fluid phospholipids containing choline: a comparison with the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio in prenatal assessment of fetal lung maturity. The relation between the choline containing surfactant phospholipids lecithin and sphingomyelin in amniotic fluid and fetal lung maturity is well established. An enzymatic method that had been automated and optimised for use on a centrifugal analyser was used to measure the total choline containing phospholipids in amniotic fluid. The total time taken for this assay was 10 minutes. The results obtained from 100 patient samples, using this procedure, compared favourably with the results obtained by the thin layer chromatography procedure used to determine the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio (r = 0.93). A clinical study of 60 patients showed that this assay predicted prenatal respiratory distress syndrome as well as the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratios. The advantage of this assay over existing procedures is that it requires minimum preparation of the specimen and no extraction, is quick, and shows a high degree of precision.

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[ "Organism_substance", "Anatomical_system", "Organ" ]

aromatase is a GENE-Y

17020418_task0

Sentence: Update on the use of aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Update on the use of aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer.

[ "Update", "on", "the", "use", "of", "aromatase", "inhibitors", "in", "breast", "cancer", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]

aromatase is a GENE-Y

17020418_task1

Sentence: Update on the use of aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: aromatase Options: GENE-Y

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Update on the use of aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer.

[ "Update", "on", "the", "use", "of", "aromatase", "inhibitors", "in", "breast", "cancer", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]

aromatase

17020418_task2

Sentence: Update on the use of aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Update on the use of aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer.

[ "Update", "on", "the", "use", "of", "aromatase", "inhibitors", "in", "breast", "cancer", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]

Koerpertextilien is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm, Rezidivquelle is an umlsterm, Textilien is an umlsterm, Trichophyton is an umlsterm, Trichophyton is an umlsterm, Candida albicans is an umlsterm, Maschinenwaesche is an umlsterm, Gewebematerial is an umlsterm, Dekontamination is an umlsterm, Textilien is an umlsterm, Trichophyton is an umlsterm, Gewebe is an umlsterm

DerHautarzt.70480397.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Zusammenfassung Nicht ausreichend dekontaminierte Koerpertextilien stellen nach Therapie von Dermato- und Onychomykosen eine Rezidivquelle dar . Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es zu klaeren , ob durch den haushaltsueblichen Waschprozess eine ausreichende Reinigung kontaminierter Textilien zu erzielen ist . Mit Trichophyton rubrum , Trichophyton mentagrophytes , Candida albicans und Scopulariopsis brevicaulis infizierte Textilproben wurden einer Maschinenwaesche unterzogen . Unabhaengig von Gewebematerial und verwendetem Vollwaschmittel fuehrte eine 60 Grad C-Waesche in allen Faellen zu einer sicheren Dekontamination der Textilien . Trichophyton rubrum wurde bereits bei einer Waschtemperatur von 30 Grad C aus dem Gewebe entfernt . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]

Zusammenfassung Nicht ausreichend dekontaminierte Koerpertextilien stellen nach Therapie von Dermato- und Onychomykosen eine Rezidivquelle dar . Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es zu klaeren , ob durch den haushaltsueblichen Waschprozess eine ausreichende Reinigung kontaminierter Textilien zu erzielen ist . Mit Trichophyton rubrum , Trichophyton mentagrophytes , Candida albicans und Scopulariopsis brevicaulis infizierte Textilproben wurden einer Maschinenwaesche unterzogen . Unabhaengig von Gewebematerial und verwendetem Vollwaschmittel fuehrte eine 60 Grad C-Waesche in allen Faellen zu einer sicheren Dekontamination der Textilien . Trichophyton rubrum wurde bereits bei einer Waschtemperatur von 30 Grad C aus dem Gewebe entfernt .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Koerpertextilien is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm, Rezidivquelle is an umlsterm, Textilien is an umlsterm, Trichophyton is an umlsterm, Trichophyton is an umlsterm, Candida albicans is an umlsterm, Maschinenwaesche is an umlsterm, Gewebematerial is an umlsterm, Dekontamination is an umlsterm, Textilien is an umlsterm, Trichophyton is an umlsterm, Gewebe is an umlsterm

DerHautarzt.70480397.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Zusammenfassung Nicht ausreichend dekontaminierte Koerpertextilien stellen nach Therapie von Dermato- und Onychomykosen eine Rezidivquelle dar . Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es zu klaeren , ob durch den haushaltsueblichen Waschprozess eine ausreichende Reinigung kontaminierter Textilien zu erzielen ist . Mit Trichophyton rubrum , Trichophyton mentagrophytes , Candida albicans und Scopulariopsis brevicaulis infizierte Textilproben wurden einer Maschinenwaesche unterzogen . Unabhaengig von Gewebematerial und verwendetem Vollwaschmittel fuehrte eine 60 Grad C-Waesche in allen Faellen zu einer sicheren Dekontamination der Textilien . Trichophyton rubrum wurde bereits bei einer Waschtemperatur von 30 Grad C aus dem Gewebe entfernt . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Koerpertextilien, Therapie, Rezidivquelle, Textilien, Trichophyton, Trichophyton, Candida albicans, Maschinenwaesche, Gewebematerial, Dekontamination, Textilien, Trichophyton, Gewebe Options: umlsterm

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Zusammenfassung Nicht ausreichend dekontaminierte Koerpertextilien stellen nach Therapie von Dermato- und Onychomykosen eine Rezidivquelle dar . Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es zu klaeren , ob durch den haushaltsueblichen Waschprozess eine ausreichende Reinigung kontaminierter Textilien zu erzielen ist . Mit Trichophyton rubrum , Trichophyton mentagrophytes , Candida albicans und Scopulariopsis brevicaulis infizierte Textilproben wurden einer Maschinenwaesche unterzogen . Unabhaengig von Gewebematerial und verwendetem Vollwaschmittel fuehrte eine 60 Grad C-Waesche in allen Faellen zu einer sicheren Dekontamination der Textilien . Trichophyton rubrum wurde bereits bei einer Waschtemperatur von 30 Grad C aus dem Gewebe entfernt .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Koerpertextilien, Therapie, Rezidivquelle, Textilien, Trichophyton, Trichophyton, Candida albicans, Maschinenwaesche, Gewebematerial, Dekontamination, Textilien, Trichophyton, Gewebe

DerHautarzt.70480397.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Zusammenfassung Nicht ausreichend dekontaminierte Koerpertextilien stellen nach Therapie von Dermato- und Onychomykosen eine Rezidivquelle dar . Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es zu klaeren , ob durch den haushaltsueblichen Waschprozess eine ausreichende Reinigung kontaminierter Textilien zu erzielen ist . Mit Trichophyton rubrum , Trichophyton mentagrophytes , Candida albicans und Scopulariopsis brevicaulis infizierte Textilproben wurden einer Maschinenwaesche unterzogen . Unabhaengig von Gewebematerial und verwendetem Vollwaschmittel fuehrte eine 60 Grad C-Waesche in allen Faellen zu einer sicheren Dekontamination der Textilien . Trichophyton rubrum wurde bereits bei einer Waschtemperatur von 30 Grad C aus dem Gewebe entfernt . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Zusammenfassung Nicht ausreichend dekontaminierte Koerpertextilien stellen nach Therapie von Dermato- und Onychomykosen eine Rezidivquelle dar . Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es zu klaeren , ob durch den haushaltsueblichen Waschprozess eine ausreichende Reinigung kontaminierter Textilien zu erzielen ist . Mit Trichophyton rubrum , Trichophyton mentagrophytes , Candida albicans und Scopulariopsis brevicaulis infizierte Textilproben wurden einer Maschinenwaesche unterzogen . Unabhaengig von Gewebematerial und verwendetem Vollwaschmittel fuehrte eine 60 Grad C-Waesche in allen Faellen zu einer sicheren Dekontamination der Textilien . Trichophyton rubrum wurde bereits bei einer Waschtemperatur von 30 Grad C aus dem Gewebe entfernt .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Abstract is an umlsterm, keratoacanthomas is an umlsterm, behaviour is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, keratoacanthomas is an umlsterm, observations is an umlsterm, review is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, differential diagnosis is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, benign neoplasm is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, bone is an umlsterm, squamous cell carcinoma is an umlsterm, prognosis is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, curettage is an umlsterm, recurrences is an umlsterm, amputation is an umlsterm

DerHautarzt.40450025.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Abstract . Subungual keratoacanthomas ( SKA ) differ in clinical presentation , biological behaviour and the therapy needed from keratoacanthomas in other localizations . Against the backdrop of two personal observations and a review of the literature , the authors describe clinical and histological features and also the differential diagnosis and therapy and this rare benign neoplasm . Patients present with a rapidly growing , painful subungual mass , which causes destruction of the underlying bone and usually does not regress spontaneously . Histological differentiation from squamous cell carcinoma is essential as the prognosis and treatment are different . SKA is treated by local excision and curettage . Erosions of the underlying distal phalanx usually heal spontaneously . However , persistent recurrences after subtotal excision often necessitate amputation of the distal phalanx . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Abstract . Subungual keratoacanthomas ( SKA ) differ in clinical presentation , biological behaviour and the therapy needed from keratoacanthomas in other localizations . Against the backdrop of two personal observations and a review of the literature , the authors describe clinical and histological features and also the differential diagnosis and therapy and this rare benign neoplasm . Patients present with a rapidly growing , painful subungual mass , which causes destruction of the underlying bone and usually does not regress spontaneously . Histological differentiation from squamous cell carcinoma is essential as the prognosis and treatment are different . SKA is treated by local excision and curettage . Erosions of the underlying distal phalanx usually heal spontaneously . However , persistent recurrences after subtotal excision often necessitate amputation of the distal phalanx .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Abstract is an umlsterm, keratoacanthomas is an umlsterm, behaviour is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, keratoacanthomas is an umlsterm, observations is an umlsterm, review is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, differential diagnosis is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, benign neoplasm is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, bone is an umlsterm, squamous cell carcinoma is an umlsterm, prognosis is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, curettage is an umlsterm, recurrences is an umlsterm, amputation is an umlsterm

DerHautarzt.40450025.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Abstract . Subungual keratoacanthomas ( SKA ) differ in clinical presentation , biological behaviour and the therapy needed from keratoacanthomas in other localizations . Against the backdrop of two personal observations and a review of the literature , the authors describe clinical and histological features and also the differential diagnosis and therapy and this rare benign neoplasm . Patients present with a rapidly growing , painful subungual mass , which causes destruction of the underlying bone and usually does not regress spontaneously . Histological differentiation from squamous cell carcinoma is essential as the prognosis and treatment are different . SKA is treated by local excision and curettage . Erosions of the underlying distal phalanx usually heal spontaneously . However , persistent recurrences after subtotal excision often necessitate amputation of the distal phalanx . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Abstract, keratoacanthomas, behaviour, therapy, keratoacanthomas, observations, review, literature, differential diagnosis, therapy, benign neoplasm, Patients, bone, squamous cell carcinoma, prognosis, treatment, curettage, recurrences, amputation Options: umlsterm

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Abstract . Subungual keratoacanthomas ( SKA ) differ in clinical presentation , biological behaviour and the therapy needed from keratoacanthomas in other localizations . Against the backdrop of two personal observations and a review of the literature , the authors describe clinical and histological features and also the differential diagnosis and therapy and this rare benign neoplasm . Patients present with a rapidly growing , painful subungual mass , which causes destruction of the underlying bone and usually does not regress spontaneously . Histological differentiation from squamous cell carcinoma is essential as the prognosis and treatment are different . SKA is treated by local excision and curettage . Erosions of the underlying distal phalanx usually heal spontaneously . However , persistent recurrences after subtotal excision often necessitate amputation of the distal phalanx .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Abstract, keratoacanthomas, behaviour, therapy, keratoacanthomas, observations, review, literature, differential diagnosis, therapy, benign neoplasm, Patients, bone, squamous cell carcinoma, prognosis, treatment, curettage, recurrences, amputation

DerHautarzt.40450025.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Abstract . Subungual keratoacanthomas ( SKA ) differ in clinical presentation , biological behaviour and the therapy needed from keratoacanthomas in other localizations . Against the backdrop of two personal observations and a review of the literature , the authors describe clinical and histological features and also the differential diagnosis and therapy and this rare benign neoplasm . Patients present with a rapidly growing , painful subungual mass , which causes destruction of the underlying bone and usually does not regress spontaneously . Histological differentiation from squamous cell carcinoma is essential as the prognosis and treatment are different . SKA is treated by local excision and curettage . Erosions of the underlying distal phalanx usually heal spontaneously . However , persistent recurrences after subtotal excision often necessitate amputation of the distal phalanx . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Abstract . Subungual keratoacanthomas ( SKA ) differ in clinical presentation , biological behaviour and the therapy needed from keratoacanthomas in other localizations . Against the backdrop of two personal observations and a review of the literature , the authors describe clinical and histological features and also the differential diagnosis and therapy and this rare benign neoplasm . Patients present with a rapidly growing , painful subungual mass , which causes destruction of the underlying bone and usually does not regress spontaneously . Histological differentiation from squamous cell carcinoma is essential as the prognosis and treatment are different . SKA is treated by local excision and curettage . Erosions of the underlying distal phalanx usually heal spontaneously . However , persistent recurrences after subtotal excision often necessitate amputation of the distal phalanx .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

somatotropin is a protein, serum albumin is a protein, indomethacin is a compound

DS.d188_task0

Sentence: Three proteins, porcine somatotropin, bovine serum albumin, and immunoglobulin, as well as materials with a strong calorimetric glass transition (T(g)), that is, indomethacin and poly(vinypyrrolidone) (PVP), were studied by both TSC and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein

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Three proteins, porcine somatotropin, bovine serum albumin, and immunoglobulin, as well as materials with a strong calorimetric glass transition (T(g)), that is, indomethacin and poly(vinypyrrolidone) (PVP), were studied by both TSC and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

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[ "protein", "compound" ]

somatotropin is a protein, serum albumin is a protein, indomethacin is a compound

DS.d188_task1

Sentence: Three proteins, porcine somatotropin, bovine serum albumin, and immunoglobulin, as well as materials with a strong calorimetric glass transition (T(g)), that is, indomethacin and poly(vinypyrrolidone) (PVP), were studied by both TSC and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: somatotropin, serum albumin, indomethacin Options: compound, protein

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Three proteins, porcine somatotropin, bovine serum albumin, and immunoglobulin, as well as materials with a strong calorimetric glass transition (T(g)), that is, indomethacin and poly(vinypyrrolidone) (PVP), were studied by both TSC and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

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[ "protein", "compound" ]

somatotropin, serum albumin, indomethacin

DS.d188_task2

Sentence: Three proteins, porcine somatotropin, bovine serum albumin, and immunoglobulin, as well as materials with a strong calorimetric glass transition (T(g)), that is, indomethacin and poly(vinypyrrolidone) (PVP), were studied by both TSC and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Three proteins, porcine somatotropin, bovine serum albumin, and immunoglobulin, as well as materials with a strong calorimetric glass transition (T(g)), that is, indomethacin and poly(vinypyrrolidone) (PVP), were studied by both TSC and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

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[ "protein", "compound" ]