bio-datasets/bigbio-ner-merged · Datasets at Hugging Face

answer stringlengths 1 16.1k	id stringlengths 7 56	instruction stringlengths 106 72.6k	ner_tags list	text stringlengths 5 72.4k	tokens list	types list
functional T - cell receptor signaling pathway, p95vav activity	583_task2	Sentence: A functional T-cell receptor signaling pathway is required for p95vav activity. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]	A functional T-cell receptor signaling pathway is required for p95vav activity.	[ "A", "functional", "T", "-", "cell", "receptor", "signaling", "pathway", "is", "required", "for", "p95vav", "activity", "." ]	[ "protein_domain_or_region", "(AND other_name other_name)", "other_name", "(AND cell_type cell_type)", "protein_family_or_group", "other_organic_compound", "atom", "protein_molecule", "", "protein_substructure", "cell_line", "amino_acid_monomer", "cell_type" ]
cruciferous vegetables is a Plant, broccoli is a Plant, cabbage is a Plant, Brussels sprouts is a Plant, breast cancer is a Disease, breast cancer is a Disease, tumor is a Disease, breast cancer is a Disease	22012859_task0	Sentence: Elastase is the only currently identified target protein for indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring hydrolysis product of glucobrassicin in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts that induces a cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. In vitro elastase enzymatic assays demonstrated that I3C and at lower concentrations its more potent derivative 1-benzyl-indole-3-carbinol (1-benzyl-I3C) act as non-competitive allosteric inhibitors of elastase activity. Consistent with these results, in silico computational simulations have revealed the first predicted interactions of I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C with the crystal structure of human neutrophil elastase, and identified a potential binding cluster on an external surface of the protease outside of the catalytic site that implicates elastase as a target protein for both indolecarbinol compounds. The 205 carboxyterminal truncation of elastase, which disrupts the predicted indolecarbinol binding site, is enzymatically active and generates a novel I3C resistant enzyme. Expression of the wild type and 205 elastase in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells demonstrated that the carboxyterminal domain of elastase is required for the I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C inhibition of enzymatic activity, accumulation of the unprocessed form of the CD40 elastase substrate (a tumor necrosis factor receptor family member), disruption of NFkB nuclear localization and transcriptional activity, and induction of a G1 cell cycle arrest. Surprisingly, expression of the 205 elastase molecule failed to reverse indolecarbinol stimulated apoptosis, establishing an elastase-dependent bifurcation point in anti-proliferative signaling that uncouples the cell cycle and apoptotic responses in human breast cancer cells. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Disease, Plant	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "I-Plant", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "I-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O" ]	Elastase is the only currently identified target protein for indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring hydrolysis product of glucobrassicin in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts that induces a cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. In vitro elastase enzymatic assays demonstrated that I3C and at lower concentrations its more potent derivative 1-benzyl-indole-3-carbinol (1-benzyl-I3C) act as non-competitive allosteric inhibitors of elastase activity. Consistent with these results, in silico computational simulations have revealed the first predicted interactions of I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C with the crystal structure of human neutrophil elastase, and identified a potential binding cluster on an external surface of the protease outside of the catalytic site that implicates elastase as a target protein for both indolecarbinol compounds. The 205 carboxyterminal truncation of elastase, which disrupts the predicted indolecarbinol binding site, is enzymatically active and generates a novel I3C resistant enzyme. Expression of the wild type and 205 elastase in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells demonstrated that the carboxyterminal domain of elastase is required for the I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C inhibition of enzymatic activity, accumulation of the unprocessed form of the CD40 elastase substrate (a tumor necrosis factor receptor family member), disruption of NFkB nuclear localization and transcriptional activity, and induction of a G1 cell cycle arrest. Surprisingly, expression of the 205 elastase molecule failed to reverse indolecarbinol stimulated apoptosis, establishing an elastase-dependent bifurcation point in anti-proliferative signaling that uncouples the cell cycle and apoptotic responses in human breast cancer cells.	[ "Elastase", "is", "the", "only", "currently", "identified", "target", "protein", "for", "indole-3-carbinol", "(", "I3C", ")", ",", "a", "naturally", "occurring", "hydrolysis", "product", "of", "glucobrassicin", "in", "cruciferous", "vegetables", "such", "as", "broccoli", ",", "cabbage", ",", "and", "Brussels", "sprouts", "that", "induces", "a", "cell", "cycle", "arrest", "and", "apoptosis", "of", "human", "breast", "cancer", "cells", ".", "In", "vitro", "elastase", "enzymatic", "assays", "demonstrated", "that", "I3C", "and", "at", "lower", "concentrations", "its", "more", "potent", "derivative", "1-benzyl", "-", "indole-3-carbinol", "(", "1-benzyl", "-", "I3C", ")", "act", "as", "non", "-", "competitive", "allosteric", "inhibitors", "of", "elastase", "activity", ".", "Consistent", "with", "these", "results", ",", "in", "silico", "computational", "simulations", "have", "revealed", "the", "first", "predicted", "interactions", "of", "I3C", "and", "1-benzyl", "-", "I3C", "with", "the", "crystal", "structure", "of", "human", "neutrophil", "elastase", ",", "and", "identified", "a", "potential", "binding", "cluster", "on", "an", "external", "surface", "of", "the", "protease", "outside", "of", "the", "catalytic", "site", "that", "implicates", "elastase", "as", "a", "target", "protein", "for", "both", "indolecarbinol", "compounds", ".", "The", " ", "205", "carboxyterminal", "truncation", "of", "elastase", ",", "which", "disrupts", "the", "predicted", "indolecarbinol", "binding", "site", ",", "is", "enzymatically", "active", "and", "generates", "a", "novel", "I3C", "resistant", "enzyme", ".", "Expression", "of", "the", "wild", "type", "and", " ", "205", "elastase", "in", "MDA", "-", "MB-231", "human", "breast", "cancer", "cells", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "carboxyterminal", "domain", "of", "elastase", "is", "required", "for", "the", "I3C", "and", "1-benzyl", "-", "I3C", "inhibition", "of", "enzymatic", "activity", ",", "accumulation", "of", "the", "unprocessed", "form", "of", "the", "CD40", "elastase", "substrate", "(", "a", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "receptor", "family", "member", ")", ",", "disruption", "of", "NFkB", "nuclear", "localization", "and", "transcriptional", "activity", ",", "and", "induction", "of", "a", "G1", "cell", "cycle", "arrest", ".", "Surprisingly", ",", "expression", "of", "the", " ", "205", "elastase", "molecule", "failed", "to", "reverse", "indolecarbinol", "stimulated", "apoptosis", ",", "establishing", "an", "elastase", "-", "dependent", "bifurcation", "point", "in", "anti", "-", "proliferative", "signaling", "that", "uncouples", "the", "cell", "cycle", "and", "apoptotic", "responses", "in", "human", "breast", "cancer", "cells", "." ]	[ "Plant", "Disease" ]
cruciferous vegetables is a Plant, broccoli is a Plant, cabbage is a Plant, Brussels sprouts is a Plant, breast cancer is a Disease, breast cancer is a Disease, tumor is a Disease, breast cancer is a Disease	22012859_task1	Sentence: Elastase is the only currently identified target protein for indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring hydrolysis product of glucobrassicin in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts that induces a cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. In vitro elastase enzymatic assays demonstrated that I3C and at lower concentrations its more potent derivative 1-benzyl-indole-3-carbinol (1-benzyl-I3C) act as non-competitive allosteric inhibitors of elastase activity. Consistent with these results, in silico computational simulations have revealed the first predicted interactions of I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C with the crystal structure of human neutrophil elastase, and identified a potential binding cluster on an external surface of the protease outside of the catalytic site that implicates elastase as a target protein for both indolecarbinol compounds. The 205 carboxyterminal truncation of elastase, which disrupts the predicted indolecarbinol binding site, is enzymatically active and generates a novel I3C resistant enzyme. Expression of the wild type and 205 elastase in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells demonstrated that the carboxyterminal domain of elastase is required for the I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C inhibition of enzymatic activity, accumulation of the unprocessed form of the CD40 elastase substrate (a tumor necrosis factor receptor family member), disruption of NFkB nuclear localization and transcriptional activity, and induction of a G1 cell cycle arrest. Surprisingly, expression of the 205 elastase molecule failed to reverse indolecarbinol stimulated apoptosis, establishing an elastase-dependent bifurcation point in anti-proliferative signaling that uncouples the cell cycle and apoptotic responses in human breast cancer cells. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cruciferous vegetables, broccoli, cabbage, Brussels sprouts, breast cancer, breast cancer, tumor, breast cancer Options: Disease, Plant	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "I-Plant", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "I-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O" ]	Elastase is the only currently identified target protein for indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring hydrolysis product of glucobrassicin in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts that induces a cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. In vitro elastase enzymatic assays demonstrated that I3C and at lower concentrations its more potent derivative 1-benzyl-indole-3-carbinol (1-benzyl-I3C) act as non-competitive allosteric inhibitors of elastase activity. Consistent with these results, in silico computational simulations have revealed the first predicted interactions of I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C with the crystal structure of human neutrophil elastase, and identified a potential binding cluster on an external surface of the protease outside of the catalytic site that implicates elastase as a target protein for both indolecarbinol compounds. The 205 carboxyterminal truncation of elastase, which disrupts the predicted indolecarbinol binding site, is enzymatically active and generates a novel I3C resistant enzyme. Expression of the wild type and 205 elastase in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells demonstrated that the carboxyterminal domain of elastase is required for the I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C inhibition of enzymatic activity, accumulation of the unprocessed form of the CD40 elastase substrate (a tumor necrosis factor receptor family member), disruption of NFkB nuclear localization and transcriptional activity, and induction of a G1 cell cycle arrest. Surprisingly, expression of the 205 elastase molecule failed to reverse indolecarbinol stimulated apoptosis, establishing an elastase-dependent bifurcation point in anti-proliferative signaling that uncouples the cell cycle and apoptotic responses in human breast cancer cells.	[ "Elastase", "is", "the", "only", "currently", "identified", "target", "protein", "for", "indole-3-carbinol", "(", "I3C", ")", ",", "a", "naturally", "occurring", "hydrolysis", "product", "of", "glucobrassicin", "in", "cruciferous", "vegetables", "such", "as", "broccoli", ",", "cabbage", ",", "and", "Brussels", "sprouts", "that", "induces", "a", "cell", "cycle", "arrest", "and", "apoptosis", "of", "human", "breast", "cancer", "cells", ".", "In", "vitro", "elastase", "enzymatic", "assays", "demonstrated", "that", "I3C", "and", "at", "lower", "concentrations", "its", "more", "potent", "derivative", "1-benzyl", "-", "indole-3-carbinol", "(", "1-benzyl", "-", "I3C", ")", "act", "as", "non", "-", "competitive", "allosteric", "inhibitors", "of", "elastase", "activity", ".", "Consistent", "with", "these", "results", ",", "in", "silico", "computational", "simulations", "have", "revealed", "the", "first", "predicted", "interactions", "of", "I3C", "and", "1-benzyl", "-", "I3C", "with", "the", "crystal", "structure", "of", "human", "neutrophil", "elastase", ",", "and", "identified", "a", "potential", "binding", "cluster", "on", "an", "external", "surface", "of", "the", "protease", "outside", "of", "the", "catalytic", "site", "that", "implicates", "elastase", "as", "a", "target", "protein", "for", "both", "indolecarbinol", "compounds", ".", "The", " ", "205", "carboxyterminal", "truncation", "of", "elastase", ",", "which", "disrupts", "the", "predicted", "indolecarbinol", "binding", "site", ",", "is", "enzymatically", "active", "and", "generates", "a", "novel", "I3C", "resistant", "enzyme", ".", "Expression", "of", "the", "wild", "type", "and", " ", "205", "elastase", "in", "MDA", "-", "MB-231", "human", "breast", "cancer", "cells", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "carboxyterminal", "domain", "of", "elastase", "is", "required", "for", "the", "I3C", "and", "1-benzyl", "-", "I3C", "inhibition", "of", "enzymatic", "activity", ",", "accumulation", "of", "the", "unprocessed", "form", "of", "the", "CD40", "elastase", "substrate", "(", "a", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "receptor", "family", "member", ")", ",", "disruption", "of", "NFkB", "nuclear", "localization", "and", "transcriptional", "activity", ",", "and", "induction", "of", "a", "G1", "cell", "cycle", "arrest", ".", "Surprisingly", ",", "expression", "of", "the", " ", "205", "elastase", "molecule", "failed", "to", "reverse", "indolecarbinol", "stimulated", "apoptosis", ",", "establishing", "an", "elastase", "-", "dependent", "bifurcation", "point", "in", "anti", "-", "proliferative", "signaling", "that", "uncouples", "the", "cell", "cycle", "and", "apoptotic", "responses", "in", "human", "breast", "cancer", "cells", "." ]	[ "Plant", "Disease" ]
cruciferous vegetables, broccoli, cabbage, Brussels sprouts, breast cancer, breast cancer, tumor, breast cancer	22012859_task2	Sentence: Elastase is the only currently identified target protein for indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring hydrolysis product of glucobrassicin in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts that induces a cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. In vitro elastase enzymatic assays demonstrated that I3C and at lower concentrations its more potent derivative 1-benzyl-indole-3-carbinol (1-benzyl-I3C) act as non-competitive allosteric inhibitors of elastase activity. Consistent with these results, in silico computational simulations have revealed the first predicted interactions of I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C with the crystal structure of human neutrophil elastase, and identified a potential binding cluster on an external surface of the protease outside of the catalytic site that implicates elastase as a target protein for both indolecarbinol compounds. The 205 carboxyterminal truncation of elastase, which disrupts the predicted indolecarbinol binding site, is enzymatically active and generates a novel I3C resistant enzyme. Expression of the wild type and 205 elastase in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells demonstrated that the carboxyterminal domain of elastase is required for the I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C inhibition of enzymatic activity, accumulation of the unprocessed form of the CD40 elastase substrate (a tumor necrosis factor receptor family member), disruption of NFkB nuclear localization and transcriptional activity, and induction of a G1 cell cycle arrest. Surprisingly, expression of the 205 elastase molecule failed to reverse indolecarbinol stimulated apoptosis, establishing an elastase-dependent bifurcation point in anti-proliferative signaling that uncouples the cell cycle and apoptotic responses in human breast cancer cells. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "I-Plant", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "I-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O" ]	Elastase is the only currently identified target protein for indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring hydrolysis product of glucobrassicin in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts that induces a cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. In vitro elastase enzymatic assays demonstrated that I3C and at lower concentrations its more potent derivative 1-benzyl-indole-3-carbinol (1-benzyl-I3C) act as non-competitive allosteric inhibitors of elastase activity. Consistent with these results, in silico computational simulations have revealed the first predicted interactions of I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C with the crystal structure of human neutrophil elastase, and identified a potential binding cluster on an external surface of the protease outside of the catalytic site that implicates elastase as a target protein for both indolecarbinol compounds. The 205 carboxyterminal truncation of elastase, which disrupts the predicted indolecarbinol binding site, is enzymatically active and generates a novel I3C resistant enzyme. Expression of the wild type and 205 elastase in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells demonstrated that the carboxyterminal domain of elastase is required for the I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C inhibition of enzymatic activity, accumulation of the unprocessed form of the CD40 elastase substrate (a tumor necrosis factor receptor family member), disruption of NFkB nuclear localization and transcriptional activity, and induction of a G1 cell cycle arrest. Surprisingly, expression of the 205 elastase molecule failed to reverse indolecarbinol stimulated apoptosis, establishing an elastase-dependent bifurcation point in anti-proliferative signaling that uncouples the cell cycle and apoptotic responses in human breast cancer cells.	[ "Elastase", "is", "the", "only", "currently", "identified", "target", "protein", "for", "indole-3-carbinol", "(", "I3C", ")", ",", "a", "naturally", "occurring", "hydrolysis", "product", "of", "glucobrassicin", "in", "cruciferous", "vegetables", "such", "as", "broccoli", ",", "cabbage", ",", "and", "Brussels", "sprouts", "that", "induces", "a", "cell", "cycle", "arrest", "and", "apoptosis", "of", "human", "breast", "cancer", "cells", ".", "In", "vitro", "elastase", "enzymatic", "assays", "demonstrated", "that", "I3C", "and", "at", "lower", "concentrations", "its", "more", "potent", "derivative", "1-benzyl", "-", "indole-3-carbinol", "(", "1-benzyl", "-", "I3C", ")", "act", "as", "non", "-", "competitive", "allosteric", "inhibitors", "of", "elastase", "activity", ".", "Consistent", "with", "these", "results", ",", "in", "silico", "computational", "simulations", "have", "revealed", "the", "first", "predicted", "interactions", "of", "I3C", "and", "1-benzyl", "-", "I3C", "with", "the", "crystal", "structure", "of", "human", "neutrophil", "elastase", ",", "and", "identified", "a", "potential", "binding", "cluster", "on", "an", "external", "surface", "of", "the", "protease", "outside", "of", "the", "catalytic", "site", "that", "implicates", "elastase", "as", "a", "target", "protein", "for", "both", "indolecarbinol", "compounds", ".", "The", " ", "205", "carboxyterminal", "truncation", "of", "elastase", ",", "which", "disrupts", "the", "predicted", "indolecarbinol", "binding", "site", ",", "is", "enzymatically", "active", "and", "generates", "a", "novel", "I3C", "resistant", "enzyme", ".", "Expression", "of", "the", "wild", "type", "and", " ", "205", "elastase", "in", "MDA", "-", "MB-231", "human", "breast", "cancer", "cells", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "carboxyterminal", "domain", "of", "elastase", "is", "required", "for", "the", "I3C", "and", "1-benzyl", "-", "I3C", "inhibition", "of", "enzymatic", "activity", ",", "accumulation", "of", "the", "unprocessed", "form", "of", "the", "CD40", "elastase", "substrate", "(", "a", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "receptor", "family", "member", ")", ",", "disruption", "of", "NFkB", "nuclear", "localization", "and", "transcriptional", "activity", ",", "and", "induction", "of", "a", "G1", "cell", "cycle", "arrest", ".", "Surprisingly", ",", "expression", "of", "the", " ", "205", "elastase", "molecule", "failed", "to", "reverse", "indolecarbinol", "stimulated", "apoptosis", ",", "establishing", "an", "elastase", "-", "dependent", "bifurcation", "point", "in", "anti", "-", "proliferative", "signaling", "that", "uncouples", "the", "cell", "cycle", "and", "apoptotic", "responses", "in", "human", "breast", "cancer", "cells", "." ]	[ "Plant", "Disease" ]
NO is a CHEMICAL, heme domain of NO synthase - like proteins is a GENE-N	16690332_task0	Sentence: Dynamics of NO rebinding to the heme domain of NO synthase-like proteins from bacterial pathogens. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Dynamics of NO rebinding to the heme domain of NO synthase-like proteins from bacterial pathogens.	[ "Dynamics", "of", "NO", "rebinding", "to", "the", "heme", "domain", "of", "NO", "synthase", "-", "like", "proteins", "from", "bacterial", "pathogens", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]
NO is a CHEMICAL, heme domain of NO synthase - like proteins is a GENE-N	16690332_task1	Sentence: Dynamics of NO rebinding to the heme domain of NO synthase-like proteins from bacterial pathogens. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: NO, heme domain of NO synthase - like proteins Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Dynamics of NO rebinding to the heme domain of NO synthase-like proteins from bacterial pathogens.	[ "Dynamics", "of", "NO", "rebinding", "to", "the", "heme", "domain", "of", "NO", "synthase", "-", "like", "proteins", "from", "bacterial", "pathogens", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]
NO, heme domain of NO synthase - like proteins	16690332_task2	Sentence: Dynamics of NO rebinding to the heme domain of NO synthase-like proteins from bacterial pathogens. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Dynamics of NO rebinding to the heme domain of NO synthase-like proteins from bacterial pathogens.	[ "Dynamics", "of", "NO", "rebinding", "to", "the", "heme", "domain", "of", "NO", "synthase", "-", "like", "proteins", "from", "bacterial", "pathogens", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]
patient is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, assessment is an umlsterm, therapeutic is an umlsterm, standards is an umlsterm, techniques is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, recommendations is an umlsterm, choice is an umlsterm, techniques is an umlsterm, regional anaesthesia is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, postoperative period is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, intensive care unit is an umlsterm, intraoperative monitoring is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm, postoperative is an umlsterm, myocardial ischaemia is an umlsterm, infarction is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm, morbidity is an umlsterm, mortality is an umlsterm, elective surgical procedures is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, risk - benefit is an umlsterm, analysis is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, family is an umlsterm	DerChirurg.70680775.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: A high-risk patient is a challenge to the anaesthesiologist . If surgical intervention is indicated the perioperative anaesthesiological management has to be carefully adapted to the requirements of the patient . If the patient is classified a high-risk at the preoperative anaesthesiological assessment , the therapeutic management has to aim at optimizing the patient's preoperative physical status . Intraoperatively , the minimal monitoring standards have to be extended by addition of specific non-invasive or invasive monitoring techniques to observe the intraoperative cardiovascular or pulmonary function according to the patient's preoperative disease . There are no recommendations about the choice of the anaesthesia techniques ; the decision for general or regional anaesthesia depends on the site of operation and is guided by the individual experience of the anaesthesiologist . During the postoperative period each high-risk patient has to be observed in the intensive care unit to continue intraoperative monitoring and therapy . Patients at risk of postoperative myocardial ischaemia or infarction should be closely monitored for 3-5 days postoperatively . The perioperative risk of morbidity and mortality associated with elective surgical procedures has to be evaluated for each patient and the risk-benefit analysis discussed in a interdisciplinary dialogue involving the surgeon , the patient and the patient's family . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	A high-risk patient is a challenge to the anaesthesiologist . If surgical intervention is indicated the perioperative anaesthesiological management has to be carefully adapted to the requirements of the patient . If the patient is classified a high-risk at the preoperative anaesthesiological assessment , the therapeutic management has to aim at optimizing the patient's preoperative physical status . Intraoperatively , the minimal monitoring standards have to be extended by addition of specific non-invasive or invasive monitoring techniques to observe the intraoperative cardiovascular or pulmonary function according to the patient's preoperative disease . There are no recommendations about the choice of the anaesthesia techniques ; the decision for general or regional anaesthesia depends on the site of operation and is guided by the individual experience of the anaesthesiologist . During the postoperative period each high-risk patient has to be observed in the intensive care unit to continue intraoperative monitoring and therapy . Patients at risk of postoperative myocardial ischaemia or infarction should be closely monitored for 3-5 days postoperatively . The perioperative risk of morbidity and mortality associated with elective surgical procedures has to be evaluated for each patient and the risk-benefit analysis discussed in a interdisciplinary dialogue involving the surgeon , the patient and the patient's family .	[ "A", "high", "-", "risk", "patient", "is", "a", "challenge", "to", "the", "anaesthesiologist", ".", "If", "surgical", "intervention", "is", "indicated", "the", "perioperative", "anaesthesiological", "management", "has", "to", "be", "carefully", "adapted", "to", "the", "requirements", "of", "the", "patient", ".", "If", "the", "patient", "is", "classified", "a", "high", "-", "risk", "at", "the", "preoperative", "anaesthesiological", "assessment", ",", "the", "therapeutic", "management", "has", "to", "aim", "at", "optimizing", "the", "patient", "'s", "preoperative", "physical", "status", ".", "Intraoperatively", ",", "the", "minimal", "monitoring", "standards", "have", "to", "be", "extended", "by", "addition", "of", "specific", "non", "-", "invasive", "or", "invasive", "monitoring", "techniques", "to", "observe", "the", "intraoperative", "cardiovascular", "or", "pulmonary", "function", "according", "to", "the", "patient", "'s", "preoperative", "disease", ".", "There", "are", "no", "recommendations", "about", "the", "choice", "of", "the", "anaesthesia", "techniques", ";", "the", "decision", "for", "general", "or", "regional", "anaesthesia", "depends", "on", "the", "site", "of", "operation", "and", "is", "guided", "by", "the", "individual", "experience", "of", "the", "anaesthesiologist", ".", "During", "the", "postoperative", "period", "each", "high", "-", "risk", "patient", "has", "to", "be", "observed", "in", "the", "intensive", "care", "unit", "to", "continue", "intraoperative", "monitoring", "and", "therapy", ".", "Patients", "at", "risk", "of", "postoperative", "myocardial", "ischaemia", "or", "infarction", "should", "be", "closely", "monitored", "for", "3", "-", "5", "days", "postoperatively", ".", "The", "perioperative", "risk", "of", "morbidity", "and", "mortality", "associated", "with", "elective", "surgical", "procedures", "has", "to", "be", "evaluated", "for", "each", "patient", "and", "the", "risk", "-", "benefit", "analysis", "discussed", "in", "a", "interdisciplinary", "dialogue", "involving", "the", "surgeon", ",", "the", "patient", "and", "the", "patient", "'s", "family", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
patient is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, assessment is an umlsterm, therapeutic is an umlsterm, standards is an umlsterm, techniques is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, recommendations is an umlsterm, choice is an umlsterm, techniques is an umlsterm, regional anaesthesia is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, postoperative period is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, intensive care unit is an umlsterm, intraoperative monitoring is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm, postoperative is an umlsterm, myocardial ischaemia is an umlsterm, infarction is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm, morbidity is an umlsterm, mortality is an umlsterm, elective surgical procedures is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, risk - benefit is an umlsterm, analysis is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, family is an umlsterm	DerChirurg.70680775.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: A high-risk patient is a challenge to the anaesthesiologist . If surgical intervention is indicated the perioperative anaesthesiological management has to be carefully adapted to the requirements of the patient . If the patient is classified a high-risk at the preoperative anaesthesiological assessment , the therapeutic management has to aim at optimizing the patient's preoperative physical status . Intraoperatively , the minimal monitoring standards have to be extended by addition of specific non-invasive or invasive monitoring techniques to observe the intraoperative cardiovascular or pulmonary function according to the patient's preoperative disease . There are no recommendations about the choice of the anaesthesia techniques ; the decision for general or regional anaesthesia depends on the site of operation and is guided by the individual experience of the anaesthesiologist . During the postoperative period each high-risk patient has to be observed in the intensive care unit to continue intraoperative monitoring and therapy . Patients at risk of postoperative myocardial ischaemia or infarction should be closely monitored for 3-5 days postoperatively . The perioperative risk of morbidity and mortality associated with elective surgical procedures has to be evaluated for each patient and the risk-benefit analysis discussed in a interdisciplinary dialogue involving the surgeon , the patient and the patient's family . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: patient, surgical, patient, patient, assessment, therapeutic, standards, techniques, function, disease, recommendations, choice, techniques, regional anaesthesia, operation, postoperative period, patient, intensive care unit, intraoperative monitoring, therapy, Patients, risk of, postoperative, myocardial ischaemia, infarction, risk of, morbidity, mortality, elective surgical procedures, patient, risk - benefit, analysis, patient, family Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	A high-risk patient is a challenge to the anaesthesiologist . If surgical intervention is indicated the perioperative anaesthesiological management has to be carefully adapted to the requirements of the patient . If the patient is classified a high-risk at the preoperative anaesthesiological assessment , the therapeutic management has to aim at optimizing the patient's preoperative physical status . Intraoperatively , the minimal monitoring standards have to be extended by addition of specific non-invasive or invasive monitoring techniques to observe the intraoperative cardiovascular or pulmonary function according to the patient's preoperative disease . There are no recommendations about the choice of the anaesthesia techniques ; the decision for general or regional anaesthesia depends on the site of operation and is guided by the individual experience of the anaesthesiologist . During the postoperative period each high-risk patient has to be observed in the intensive care unit to continue intraoperative monitoring and therapy . Patients at risk of postoperative myocardial ischaemia or infarction should be closely monitored for 3-5 days postoperatively . The perioperative risk of morbidity and mortality associated with elective surgical procedures has to be evaluated for each patient and the risk-benefit analysis discussed in a interdisciplinary dialogue involving the surgeon , the patient and the patient's family .	[ "A", "high", "-", "risk", "patient", "is", "a", "challenge", "to", "the", "anaesthesiologist", ".", "If", "surgical", "intervention", "is", "indicated", "the", "perioperative", "anaesthesiological", "management", "has", "to", "be", "carefully", "adapted", "to", "the", "requirements", "of", "the", "patient", ".", "If", "the", "patient", "is", "classified", "a", "high", "-", "risk", "at", "the", "preoperative", "anaesthesiological", "assessment", ",", "the", "therapeutic", "management", "has", "to", "aim", "at", "optimizing", "the", "patient", "'s", "preoperative", "physical", "status", ".", "Intraoperatively", ",", "the", "minimal", "monitoring", "standards", "have", "to", "be", "extended", "by", "addition", "of", "specific", "non", "-", "invasive", "or", "invasive", "monitoring", "techniques", "to", "observe", "the", "intraoperative", "cardiovascular", "or", "pulmonary", "function", "according", "to", "the", "patient", "'s", "preoperative", "disease", ".", "There", "are", "no", "recommendations", "about", "the", "choice", "of", "the", "anaesthesia", "techniques", ";", "the", "decision", "for", "general", "or", "regional", "anaesthesia", "depends", "on", "the", "site", "of", "operation", "and", "is", "guided", "by", "the", "individual", "experience", "of", "the", "anaesthesiologist", ".", "During", "the", "postoperative", "period", "each", "high", "-", "risk", "patient", "has", "to", "be", "observed", "in", "the", "intensive", "care", "unit", "to", "continue", "intraoperative", "monitoring", "and", "therapy", ".", "Patients", "at", "risk", "of", "postoperative", "myocardial", "ischaemia", "or", "infarction", "should", "be", "closely", "monitored", "for", "3", "-", "5", "days", "postoperatively", ".", "The", "perioperative", "risk", "of", "morbidity", "and", "mortality", "associated", "with", "elective", "surgical", "procedures", "has", "to", "be", "evaluated", "for", "each", "patient", "and", "the", "risk", "-", "benefit", "analysis", "discussed", "in", "a", "interdisciplinary", "dialogue", "involving", "the", "surgeon", ",", "the", "patient", "and", "the", "patient", "'s", "family", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
patient, surgical, patient, patient, assessment, therapeutic, standards, techniques, function, disease, recommendations, choice, techniques, regional anaesthesia, operation, postoperative period, patient, intensive care unit, intraoperative monitoring, therapy, Patients, risk of, postoperative, myocardial ischaemia, infarction, risk of, morbidity, mortality, elective surgical procedures, patient, risk - benefit, analysis, patient, family	DerChirurg.70680775.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: A high-risk patient is a challenge to the anaesthesiologist . If surgical intervention is indicated the perioperative anaesthesiological management has to be carefully adapted to the requirements of the patient . If the patient is classified a high-risk at the preoperative anaesthesiological assessment , the therapeutic management has to aim at optimizing the patient's preoperative physical status . Intraoperatively , the minimal monitoring standards have to be extended by addition of specific non-invasive or invasive monitoring techniques to observe the intraoperative cardiovascular or pulmonary function according to the patient's preoperative disease . There are no recommendations about the choice of the anaesthesia techniques ; the decision for general or regional anaesthesia depends on the site of operation and is guided by the individual experience of the anaesthesiologist . During the postoperative period each high-risk patient has to be observed in the intensive care unit to continue intraoperative monitoring and therapy . Patients at risk of postoperative myocardial ischaemia or infarction should be closely monitored for 3-5 days postoperatively . The perioperative risk of morbidity and mortality associated with elective surgical procedures has to be evaluated for each patient and the risk-benefit analysis discussed in a interdisciplinary dialogue involving the surgeon , the patient and the patient's family . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	A high-risk patient is a challenge to the anaesthesiologist . If surgical intervention is indicated the perioperative anaesthesiological management has to be carefully adapted to the requirements of the patient . If the patient is classified a high-risk at the preoperative anaesthesiological assessment , the therapeutic management has to aim at optimizing the patient's preoperative physical status . Intraoperatively , the minimal monitoring standards have to be extended by addition of specific non-invasive or invasive monitoring techniques to observe the intraoperative cardiovascular or pulmonary function according to the patient's preoperative disease . There are no recommendations about the choice of the anaesthesia techniques ; the decision for general or regional anaesthesia depends on the site of operation and is guided by the individual experience of the anaesthesiologist . During the postoperative period each high-risk patient has to be observed in the intensive care unit to continue intraoperative monitoring and therapy . Patients at risk of postoperative myocardial ischaemia or infarction should be closely monitored for 3-5 days postoperatively . The perioperative risk of morbidity and mortality associated with elective surgical procedures has to be evaluated for each patient and the risk-benefit analysis discussed in a interdisciplinary dialogue involving the surgeon , the patient and the patient's family .	[ "A", "high", "-", "risk", "patient", "is", "a", "challenge", "to", "the", "anaesthesiologist", ".", "If", "surgical", "intervention", "is", "indicated", "the", "perioperative", "anaesthesiological", "management", "has", "to", "be", "carefully", "adapted", "to", "the", "requirements", "of", "the", "patient", ".", "If", "the", "patient", "is", "classified", "a", "high", "-", "risk", "at", "the", "preoperative", "anaesthesiological", "assessment", ",", "the", "therapeutic", "management", "has", "to", "aim", "at", "optimizing", "the", "patient", "'s", "preoperative", "physical", "status", ".", "Intraoperatively", ",", "the", "minimal", "monitoring", "standards", "have", "to", "be", "extended", "by", "addition", "of", "specific", "non", "-", "invasive", "or", "invasive", "monitoring", "techniques", "to", "observe", "the", "intraoperative", "cardiovascular", "or", "pulmonary", "function", "according", "to", "the", "patient", "'s", "preoperative", "disease", ".", "There", "are", "no", "recommendations", "about", "the", "choice", "of", "the", "anaesthesia", "techniques", ";", "the", "decision", "for", "general", "or", "regional", "anaesthesia", "depends", "on", "the", "site", "of", "operation", "and", "is", "guided", "by", "the", "individual", "experience", "of", "the", "anaesthesiologist", ".", "During", "the", "postoperative", "period", "each", "high", "-", "risk", "patient", "has", "to", "be", "observed", "in", "the", "intensive", "care", "unit", "to", "continue", "intraoperative", "monitoring", "and", "therapy", ".", "Patients", "at", "risk", "of", "postoperative", "myocardial", "ischaemia", "or", "infarction", "should", "be", "closely", "monitored", "for", "3", "-", "5", "days", "postoperatively", ".", "The", "perioperative", "risk", "of", "morbidity", "and", "mortality", "associated", "with", "elective", "surgical", "procedures", "has", "to", "be", "evaluated", "for", "each", "patient", "and", "the", "risk", "-", "benefit", "analysis", "discussed", "in", "a", "interdisciplinary", "dialogue", "involving", "the", "surgeon", ",", "the", "patient", "and", "the", "patient", "'s", "family", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
calcium is a CHEMICAL, calmodulin is a GENE-Y, prolactin is a GENE-Y, thyrotropin - releasing hormone is a GENE-Y, K+ is a CHEMICAL	2120879_task0	Sentence: Role of extracellular calcium and calmodulin in prolactin secretion induced by hyposmolarity, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and high K+ in GH4C1 cells. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Role of extracellular calcium and calmodulin in prolactin secretion induced by hyposmolarity, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and high K+ in GH4C1 cells.	[ "Role", "of", "extracellular", "calcium", "and", "calmodulin", "in", "prolactin", "secretion", "induced", "by", "hyposmolarity", ",", "thyrotropin", "-", "releasing", "hormone", ",", "and", "high", "K+", "in", "GH4C1", "cells", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]
calcium is a CHEMICAL, calmodulin is a GENE-Y, prolactin is a GENE-Y, thyrotropin - releasing hormone is a GENE-Y, K+ is a CHEMICAL	2120879_task1	Sentence: Role of extracellular calcium and calmodulin in prolactin secretion induced by hyposmolarity, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and high K+ in GH4C1 cells. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: calcium, calmodulin, prolactin, thyrotropin - releasing hormone, K+ Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Role of extracellular calcium and calmodulin in prolactin secretion induced by hyposmolarity, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and high K+ in GH4C1 cells.	[ "Role", "of", "extracellular", "calcium", "and", "calmodulin", "in", "prolactin", "secretion", "induced", "by", "hyposmolarity", ",", "thyrotropin", "-", "releasing", "hormone", ",", "and", "high", "K+", "in", "GH4C1", "cells", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]
calcium, calmodulin, prolactin, thyrotropin - releasing hormone, K+	2120879_task2	Sentence: Role of extracellular calcium and calmodulin in prolactin secretion induced by hyposmolarity, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and high K+ in GH4C1 cells. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Role of extracellular calcium and calmodulin in prolactin secretion induced by hyposmolarity, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and high K+ in GH4C1 cells.	[ "Role", "of", "extracellular", "calcium", "and", "calmodulin", "in", "prolactin", "secretion", "induced", "by", "hyposmolarity", ",", "thyrotropin", "-", "releasing", "hormone", ",", "and", "high", "K+", "in", "GH4C1", "cells", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]
Amiprilose hydrochloride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, rheumatoid arthritis . is a Participant_Condition, safety is a Outcome_Other, efficacy is a Outcome_Other, amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo - controlled is a Intervention_Control, Two hundred and one is a Participant_Sample-size, amiprilose HCl , 6 g / d is a Intervention_Pharmacological, analgesic medication is a Outcome_Other, number of painful joints is a Outcome_Physical, swollen joints is a Outcome_Physical, joint pain is a Outcome_Pain, joint swelling indices is a Outcome_Physical, left and right grip strength is a Outcome_Physical, investigator global assessment is a Outcome_Physical, patient global assessment is a Outcome_Physical, overall therapeutic response is a Outcome_Other, morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate is a Outcome_Physical, C - reactive protein is a Outcome_Physical, rheumatoid factor is a Outcome_Physical, adverse experiences is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, thrombocytopenia is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, Amiprilose HCl is a Intervention_Pharmacological, anti - inflammatory activity is a Outcome_Other, favorable safety profile is a Outcome_Other, active rheumatoid arthritis is a Participant_Condition	73244_task0	Sentence: Amiprilose hydrochloride for rheumatoid arthritis . STUDY OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and efficacy of amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ) , a novel synthetic carbohydrate with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties , in patients with rheumatoid arthritis . DESIGN Prospective , multicenter , randomized , parallel group , double-blind placebo-controlled 12-week trial . PATIENTS Two hundred and one functional class I and II patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis , previously untreated with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs . INTERVENTIONS Patients were withdrawn from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy . Those who flared were randomly assigned to amiprilose HCl , 6 g/d , or placebo for 12 weeks . No concomitant anti-inflammatory or antirheumatic drug therapy was permitted during the study . Combination acetaminophen and propoxyphene napsylate was the only supplemental analgesic medication allowed . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The number of painful joints and swollen joints , joint pain and joint swelling indices , left and right grip strength , investigator global assessment , and patient global assessment returned to baseline for the amiprilose group and showed statistically significant ( P less than 0.05 ) differences from the placebo group within 4 to 6 weeks . The protocol criteria for overall therapeutic response were satisfied by 41 % of the amiprilose patients , compared with 21 % of the placebo group ( P = 0.003 ) . Approximately 0.5 tablet per day less analgesic medication was taken by the amiprilose group ( P less than 0.05 at weeks 6 and 12 ) . There were no statistically significant differences in morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate , C-reactive protein , or rheumatoid factor between the groups . A similar number of adverse experiences were reported by the patients on amiprilose ( 67 % ) and on placebo ( 63 % ) . One patient on amiprilose developed thrombocytopenia of unknown cause ; no other reported adverse effects were serious . CONCLUSIONS Amiprilose HCl has significant anti-inflammatory activity and a favorable safety profile when used as the sole antirheumatic therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis . Synthetic carbohydrates may represent an important new class of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory , autoimmune diseases . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Pain, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Pain", "I-Outcome_Pain", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Amiprilose hydrochloride for rheumatoid arthritis . STUDY OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and efficacy of amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ) , a novel synthetic carbohydrate with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties , in patients with rheumatoid arthritis . DESIGN Prospective , multicenter , randomized , parallel group , double-blind placebo-controlled 12-week trial . PATIENTS Two hundred and one functional class I and II patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis , previously untreated with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs . INTERVENTIONS Patients were withdrawn from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy . Those who flared were randomly assigned to amiprilose HCl , 6 g/d , or placebo for 12 weeks . No concomitant anti-inflammatory or antirheumatic drug therapy was permitted during the study . Combination acetaminophen and propoxyphene napsylate was the only supplemental analgesic medication allowed . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The number of painful joints and swollen joints , joint pain and joint swelling indices , left and right grip strength , investigator global assessment , and patient global assessment returned to baseline for the amiprilose group and showed statistically significant ( P less than 0.05 ) differences from the placebo group within 4 to 6 weeks . The protocol criteria for overall therapeutic response were satisfied by 41 % of the amiprilose patients , compared with 21 % of the placebo group ( P = 0.003 ) . Approximately 0.5 tablet per day less analgesic medication was taken by the amiprilose group ( P less than 0.05 at weeks 6 and 12 ) . There were no statistically significant differences in morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate , C-reactive protein , or rheumatoid factor between the groups . A similar number of adverse experiences were reported by the patients on amiprilose ( 67 % ) and on placebo ( 63 % ) . One patient on amiprilose developed thrombocytopenia of unknown cause ; no other reported adverse effects were serious . CONCLUSIONS Amiprilose HCl has significant anti-inflammatory activity and a favorable safety profile when used as the sole antirheumatic therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis . Synthetic carbohydrates may represent an important new class of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory , autoimmune diseases .	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Amiprilose hydrochloride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, rheumatoid arthritis . is a Participant_Condition, safety is a Outcome_Other, efficacy is a Outcome_Other, amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo - controlled is a Intervention_Control, Two hundred and one is a Participant_Sample-size, amiprilose HCl , 6 g / d is a Intervention_Pharmacological, analgesic medication is a Outcome_Other, number of painful joints is a Outcome_Physical, swollen joints is a Outcome_Physical, joint pain is a Outcome_Pain, joint swelling indices is a Outcome_Physical, left and right grip strength is a Outcome_Physical, investigator global assessment is a Outcome_Physical, patient global assessment is a Outcome_Physical, overall therapeutic response is a Outcome_Other, morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate is a Outcome_Physical, C - reactive protein is a Outcome_Physical, rheumatoid factor is a Outcome_Physical, adverse experiences is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, thrombocytopenia is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, Amiprilose HCl is a Intervention_Pharmacological, anti - inflammatory activity is a Outcome_Other, favorable safety profile is a Outcome_Other, active rheumatoid arthritis is a Participant_Condition	73244_task1	Sentence: Amiprilose hydrochloride for rheumatoid arthritis . STUDY OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and efficacy of amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ) , a novel synthetic carbohydrate with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties , in patients with rheumatoid arthritis . DESIGN Prospective , multicenter , randomized , parallel group , double-blind placebo-controlled 12-week trial . PATIENTS Two hundred and one functional class I and II patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis , previously untreated with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs . INTERVENTIONS Patients were withdrawn from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy . Those who flared were randomly assigned to amiprilose HCl , 6 g/d , or placebo for 12 weeks . No concomitant anti-inflammatory or antirheumatic drug therapy was permitted during the study . Combination acetaminophen and propoxyphene napsylate was the only supplemental analgesic medication allowed . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The number of painful joints and swollen joints , joint pain and joint swelling indices , left and right grip strength , investigator global assessment , and patient global assessment returned to baseline for the amiprilose group and showed statistically significant ( P less than 0.05 ) differences from the placebo group within 4 to 6 weeks . The protocol criteria for overall therapeutic response were satisfied by 41 % of the amiprilose patients , compared with 21 % of the placebo group ( P = 0.003 ) . Approximately 0.5 tablet per day less analgesic medication was taken by the amiprilose group ( P less than 0.05 at weeks 6 and 12 ) . There were no statistically significant differences in morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate , C-reactive protein , or rheumatoid factor between the groups . A similar number of adverse experiences were reported by the patients on amiprilose ( 67 % ) and on placebo ( 63 % ) . One patient on amiprilose developed thrombocytopenia of unknown cause ; no other reported adverse effects were serious . CONCLUSIONS Amiprilose HCl has significant anti-inflammatory activity and a favorable safety profile when used as the sole antirheumatic therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis . Synthetic carbohydrates may represent an important new class of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory , autoimmune diseases . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Amiprilose hydrochloride, rheumatoid arthritis ., safety, efficacy, amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ), placebo - controlled, Two hundred and one, amiprilose HCl , 6 g / d, analgesic medication, number of painful joints, swollen joints, joint pain, joint swelling indices, left and right grip strength, investigator global assessment, patient global assessment, overall therapeutic response, morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C - reactive protein, rheumatoid factor, adverse experiences, thrombocytopenia, Amiprilose HCl, anti - inflammatory activity, favorable safety profile, active rheumatoid arthritis Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Pain, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Pain", "I-Outcome_Pain", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Amiprilose hydrochloride for rheumatoid arthritis . STUDY OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and efficacy of amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ) , a novel synthetic carbohydrate with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties , in patients with rheumatoid arthritis . DESIGN Prospective , multicenter , randomized , parallel group , double-blind placebo-controlled 12-week trial . PATIENTS Two hundred and one functional class I and II patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis , previously untreated with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs . INTERVENTIONS Patients were withdrawn from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy . Those who flared were randomly assigned to amiprilose HCl , 6 g/d , or placebo for 12 weeks . No concomitant anti-inflammatory or antirheumatic drug therapy was permitted during the study . Combination acetaminophen and propoxyphene napsylate was the only supplemental analgesic medication allowed . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The number of painful joints and swollen joints , joint pain and joint swelling indices , left and right grip strength , investigator global assessment , and patient global assessment returned to baseline for the amiprilose group and showed statistically significant ( P less than 0.05 ) differences from the placebo group within 4 to 6 weeks . The protocol criteria for overall therapeutic response were satisfied by 41 % of the amiprilose patients , compared with 21 % of the placebo group ( P = 0.003 ) . Approximately 0.5 tablet per day less analgesic medication was taken by the amiprilose group ( P less than 0.05 at weeks 6 and 12 ) . There were no statistically significant differences in morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate , C-reactive protein , or rheumatoid factor between the groups . A similar number of adverse experiences were reported by the patients on amiprilose ( 67 % ) and on placebo ( 63 % ) . One patient on amiprilose developed thrombocytopenia of unknown cause ; no other reported adverse effects were serious . CONCLUSIONS Amiprilose HCl has significant anti-inflammatory activity and a favorable safety profile when used as the sole antirheumatic therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis . Synthetic carbohydrates may represent an important new class of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory , autoimmune diseases .	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Amiprilose hydrochloride, rheumatoid arthritis ., safety, efficacy, amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ), placebo - controlled, Two hundred and one, amiprilose HCl , 6 g / d, analgesic medication, number of painful joints, swollen joints, joint pain, joint swelling indices, left and right grip strength, investigator global assessment, patient global assessment, overall therapeutic response, morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C - reactive protein, rheumatoid factor, adverse experiences, thrombocytopenia, Amiprilose HCl, anti - inflammatory activity, favorable safety profile, active rheumatoid arthritis	73244_task2	Sentence: Amiprilose hydrochloride for rheumatoid arthritis . STUDY OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and efficacy of amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ) , a novel synthetic carbohydrate with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties , in patients with rheumatoid arthritis . DESIGN Prospective , multicenter , randomized , parallel group , double-blind placebo-controlled 12-week trial . PATIENTS Two hundred and one functional class I and II patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis , previously untreated with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs . INTERVENTIONS Patients were withdrawn from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy . Those who flared were randomly assigned to amiprilose HCl , 6 g/d , or placebo for 12 weeks . No concomitant anti-inflammatory or antirheumatic drug therapy was permitted during the study . Combination acetaminophen and propoxyphene napsylate was the only supplemental analgesic medication allowed . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The number of painful joints and swollen joints , joint pain and joint swelling indices , left and right grip strength , investigator global assessment , and patient global assessment returned to baseline for the amiprilose group and showed statistically significant ( P less than 0.05 ) differences from the placebo group within 4 to 6 weeks . The protocol criteria for overall therapeutic response were satisfied by 41 % of the amiprilose patients , compared with 21 % of the placebo group ( P = 0.003 ) . Approximately 0.5 tablet per day less analgesic medication was taken by the amiprilose group ( P less than 0.05 at weeks 6 and 12 ) . There were no statistically significant differences in morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate , C-reactive protein , or rheumatoid factor between the groups . A similar number of adverse experiences were reported by the patients on amiprilose ( 67 % ) and on placebo ( 63 % ) . One patient on amiprilose developed thrombocytopenia of unknown cause ; no other reported adverse effects were serious . CONCLUSIONS Amiprilose HCl has significant anti-inflammatory activity and a favorable safety profile when used as the sole antirheumatic therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis . Synthetic carbohydrates may represent an important new class of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory , autoimmune diseases . 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STUDY OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and efficacy of amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ) , a novel synthetic carbohydrate with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties , in patients with rheumatoid arthritis . DESIGN Prospective , multicenter , randomized , parallel group , double-blind placebo-controlled 12-week trial . PATIENTS Two hundred and one functional class I and II patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis , previously untreated with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs . INTERVENTIONS Patients were withdrawn from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy . Those who flared were randomly assigned to amiprilose HCl , 6 g/d , or placebo for 12 weeks . No concomitant anti-inflammatory or antirheumatic drug therapy was permitted during the study . Combination acetaminophen and propoxyphene napsylate was the only supplemental analgesic medication allowed . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The number of painful joints and swollen joints , joint pain and joint swelling indices , left and right grip strength , investigator global assessment , and patient global assessment returned to baseline for the amiprilose group and showed statistically significant ( P less than 0.05 ) differences from the placebo group within 4 to 6 weeks . The protocol criteria for overall therapeutic response were satisfied by 41 % of the amiprilose patients , compared with 21 % of the placebo group ( P = 0.003 ) . Approximately 0.5 tablet per day less analgesic medication was taken by the amiprilose group ( P less than 0.05 at weeks 6 and 12 ) . There were no statistically significant differences in morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate , C-reactive protein , or rheumatoid factor between the groups . A similar number of adverse experiences were reported by the patients on amiprilose ( 67 % ) and on placebo ( 63 % ) . One patient on amiprilose developed thrombocytopenia of unknown cause ; no other reported adverse effects were serious . CONCLUSIONS Amiprilose HCl has significant anti-inflammatory activity and a favorable safety profile when used as the sole antirheumatic therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis . Synthetic carbohydrates may represent an important new class of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory , autoimmune diseases .	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insulin infusion is a Intervention_Pharmacological, intradermal ( ID ) is a Intervention_Physical, continuous microneedle - based drug infusion is a Intervention_Physical, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII is a Participant_Condition, Twenty - eight is a Participant_Sample-size, 23 is a Participant_Sample-size, of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum is a Outcome_Physical, endpoint insulin Tmax is a Outcome_Physical, significantly shorter Tmax is a Outcome_Physical, smaller intra - subject variability is a Outcome_Physical, secondary PK endpoints is a Outcome_Physical, findings is a Outcome_Other, Postprandial glycemic response is a Outcome_Physical, reduced time for insulin absorption is a Outcome_Other, less intra - subject variability is a Outcome_Other, lower glycemic response is a Outcome_Mental	71641_task0	Sentence: Intradermal insulin infusion achieves faster insulin action than subcutaneous infusion for 3-day wear . Rapid uptake previously demonstrated by intradermal ( ID ) drug administration indicates compound delivery within the dermis may have clinical and pharmacological advantages for certain drug therapies . This study is the first clinical trial to evaluate continuous microneedle-based drug infusion , device wearability , and intradermal microneedle insulin kinetics over a multi-day ( 72 h ) wear period . This was a single center , open-label , two-period crossover study in T1DM patients on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII ) . Patients received treatment during interventional visits : one SC and one ID basal/bolus infusion of insulin aspart ( NovoRapid® U-100 ) administered over 3 days in a randomized order . Twenty-eight patients were randomized and exposed to trial product , and 23 completed the study . Bolus insulin infusions were given prior to standardized breakfast and lunch test meals on each of the three treatment days . Blood samples were drawn at predefined time points for measurements of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum . The primary endpoint insulin Tmax demonstrated that ID bolus infusion was associated with a significantly shorter Tmax with statistically significantly smaller intra-subject variability , compared to SC infusion , and this difference was maintained over three treatment days . Analyses of secondary PK endpoints corresponded with the primary endpoint findings . Postprandial glycemic response was significantly less pronounced after ID bolus : For most endpoints ID vs. SC , differences were statistically significant within the 0-1.5 or 0-2 h time period . Intradermal delivery of insulin is a viable delivery route alternative providing reduced time for insulin absorption with less intra-subject variability and lower glycemic response . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other, Outcome_Mental	[ "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O" ]	Intradermal insulin infusion achieves faster insulin action than subcutaneous infusion for 3-day wear . Rapid uptake previously demonstrated by intradermal ( ID ) drug administration indicates compound delivery within the dermis may have clinical and pharmacological advantages for certain drug therapies . This study is the first clinical trial to evaluate continuous microneedle-based drug infusion , device wearability , and intradermal microneedle insulin kinetics over a multi-day ( 72 h ) wear period . This was a single center , open-label , two-period crossover study in T1DM patients on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII ) . Patients received treatment during interventional visits : one SC and one ID basal/bolus infusion of insulin aspart ( NovoRapid® U-100 ) administered over 3 days in a randomized order . Twenty-eight patients were randomized and exposed to trial product , and 23 completed the study . Bolus insulin infusions were given prior to standardized breakfast and lunch test meals on each of the three treatment days . Blood samples were drawn at predefined time points for measurements of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum . The primary endpoint insulin Tmax demonstrated that ID bolus infusion was associated with a significantly shorter Tmax with statistically significantly smaller intra-subject variability , compared to SC infusion , and this difference was maintained over three treatment days . Analyses of secondary PK endpoints corresponded with the primary endpoint findings . Postprandial glycemic response was significantly less pronounced after ID bolus : For most endpoints ID vs. SC , differences were statistically significant within the 0-1.5 or 0-2 h time period . Intradermal delivery of insulin is a viable delivery route alternative providing reduced time for insulin absorption with less intra-subject variability and lower glycemic response .	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insulin infusion is a Intervention_Pharmacological, intradermal ( ID ) is a Intervention_Physical, continuous microneedle - based drug infusion is a Intervention_Physical, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII is a Participant_Condition, Twenty - eight is a Participant_Sample-size, 23 is a Participant_Sample-size, of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum is a Outcome_Physical, endpoint insulin Tmax is a Outcome_Physical, significantly shorter Tmax is a Outcome_Physical, smaller intra - subject variability is a Outcome_Physical, secondary PK endpoints is a Outcome_Physical, findings is a Outcome_Other, Postprandial glycemic response is a Outcome_Physical, reduced time for insulin absorption is a Outcome_Other, less intra - subject variability is a Outcome_Other, lower glycemic response is a Outcome_Mental	71641_task1	Sentence: Intradermal insulin infusion achieves faster insulin action than subcutaneous infusion for 3-day wear . Rapid uptake previously demonstrated by intradermal ( ID ) drug administration indicates compound delivery within the dermis may have clinical and pharmacological advantages for certain drug therapies . This study is the first clinical trial to evaluate continuous microneedle-based drug infusion , device wearability , and intradermal microneedle insulin kinetics over a multi-day ( 72 h ) wear period . This was a single center , open-label , two-period crossover study in T1DM patients on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII ) . Patients received treatment during interventional visits : one SC and one ID basal/bolus infusion of insulin aspart ( NovoRapid® U-100 ) administered over 3 days in a randomized order . Twenty-eight patients were randomized and exposed to trial product , and 23 completed the study . Bolus insulin infusions were given prior to standardized breakfast and lunch test meals on each of the three treatment days . Blood samples were drawn at predefined time points for measurements of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum . The primary endpoint insulin Tmax demonstrated that ID bolus infusion was associated with a significantly shorter Tmax with statistically significantly smaller intra-subject variability , compared to SC infusion , and this difference was maintained over three treatment days . Analyses of secondary PK endpoints corresponded with the primary endpoint findings . Postprandial glycemic response was significantly less pronounced after ID bolus : For most endpoints ID vs. SC , differences were statistically significant within the 0-1.5 or 0-2 h time period . Intradermal delivery of insulin is a viable delivery route alternative providing reduced time for insulin absorption with less intra-subject variability and lower glycemic response . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: insulin infusion, intradermal ( ID ), continuous microneedle - based drug infusion, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII, Twenty - eight, 23, of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum, endpoint insulin Tmax, significantly shorter Tmax, smaller intra - subject variability, secondary PK endpoints, findings, Postprandial glycemic response, reduced time for insulin absorption, less intra - subject variability, lower glycemic response Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other, Outcome_Mental	[ "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O" ]	Intradermal insulin infusion achieves faster insulin action than subcutaneous infusion for 3-day wear . Rapid uptake previously demonstrated by intradermal ( ID ) drug administration indicates compound delivery within the dermis may have clinical and pharmacological advantages for certain drug therapies . This study is the first clinical trial to evaluate continuous microneedle-based drug infusion , device wearability , and intradermal microneedle insulin kinetics over a multi-day ( 72 h ) wear period . This was a single center , open-label , two-period crossover study in T1DM patients on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII ) . Patients received treatment during interventional visits : one SC and one ID basal/bolus infusion of insulin aspart ( NovoRapid® U-100 ) administered over 3 days in a randomized order . Twenty-eight patients were randomized and exposed to trial product , and 23 completed the study . Bolus insulin infusions were given prior to standardized breakfast and lunch test meals on each of the three treatment days . Blood samples were drawn at predefined time points for measurements of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum . The primary endpoint insulin Tmax demonstrated that ID bolus infusion was associated with a significantly shorter Tmax with statistically significantly smaller intra-subject variability , compared to SC infusion , and this difference was maintained over three treatment days . Analyses of secondary PK endpoints corresponded with the primary endpoint findings . Postprandial glycemic response was significantly less pronounced after ID bolus : For most endpoints ID vs. SC , differences were statistically significant within the 0-1.5 or 0-2 h time period . Intradermal delivery of insulin is a viable delivery route alternative providing reduced time for insulin absorption with less intra-subject variability and lower glycemic response .	[ "Intradermal", "insulin", "infusion", "achieves", "faster", "insulin", "action", "than", "subcutaneous", "infusion", "for", "3-day", "wear", ".", "Rapid", "uptake", "previously", "demonstrated", "by", "intradermal", "(", "ID", ")", "drug", "administration", "indicates", "compound", "delivery", "within", "the", "dermis", "may", "have", "clinical", "and", "pharmacological", "advantages", "for", "certain", "drug", "therapies", ".", "This", "study", "is", "the", "first", "clinical", "trial", "to", "evaluate", "continuous", "microneedle", "-", "based", "drug", "infusion", ",", "device", "wearability", ",", "and", "intradermal", "microneedle", "insulin", "kinetics", "over", "a", "multi", "-", "day", "(", "72", "h", ")", "wear", "period", ".", "This", "was", "a", "single", "center", ",", "open", "-", "label", ",", "two", "-", "period", "crossover", "study", "in", "T1DM", "patients", "on", "continuous", "subcutaneous", "insulin", "infusion", "(", "CSII", ")", ".", "Patients", "received", "treatment", "during", "interventional", "visits", ":", "one", "SC", "and", "one", "ID", "basal", "/", "bolus", "infusion", "of", "insulin", "aspart", "(", "NovoRapid", "®", "U-100", ")", "administered", "over", "3", "days", "in", "a", "randomized", "order", ".", "Twenty", "-", "eight", "patients", "were", "randomized", "and", "exposed", "to", "trial", "product", ",", "and", "23", "completed", "the", "study", ".", "Bolus", "insulin", "infusions", "were", "given", "prior", "to", "standardized", "breakfast", "and", "lunch", "test", "meals", "on", "each", "of", "the", "three", "treatment", "days", ".", "Blood", "samples", "were", "drawn", "at", "predefined", "time", "points", "for", "measurements", "of", "insulin", "aspart", "and", "blood", "glucose", "in", "serum", ".", "The", "primary", "endpoint", "insulin", "Tmax", "demonstrated", "that", "ID", "bolus", "infusion", "was", "associated", "with", "a", "significantly", "shorter", "Tmax", "with", "statistically", "significantly", "smaller", "intra", "-", "subject", "variability", ",", "compared", "to", "SC", "infusion", ",", "and", "this", "difference", "was", "maintained", "over", "three", "treatment", "days", ".", "Analyses", "of", "secondary", "PK", "endpoints", "corresponded", "with", "the", "primary", "endpoint", "findings", ".", "Postprandial", "glycemic", "response", "was", "significantly", "less", "pronounced", "after", "ID", "bolus", ":", "For", "most", "endpoints", "ID", "vs", ".", "SC", ",", "differences", "were", "statistically", "significant", "within", "the", "0", "-", "1.5", "or", "0", "-", "2", "h", "time", "period", ".", "Intradermal", "delivery", "of", "insulin", "is", "a", "viable", "delivery", "route", "alternative", "providing", "reduced", "time", "for", "insulin", "absorption", "with", "less", "intra", "-", "subject", "variability", "and", "lower", "glycemic", "response", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Mental", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
insulin infusion, intradermal ( ID ), continuous microneedle - based drug infusion, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII, Twenty - eight, 23, of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum, endpoint insulin Tmax, significantly shorter Tmax, smaller intra - subject variability, secondary PK endpoints, findings, Postprandial glycemic response, reduced time for insulin absorption, less intra - subject variability, lower glycemic response	71641_task2	Sentence: Intradermal insulin infusion achieves faster insulin action than subcutaneous infusion for 3-day wear . Rapid uptake previously demonstrated by intradermal ( ID ) drug administration indicates compound delivery within the dermis may have clinical and pharmacological advantages for certain drug therapies . This study is the first clinical trial to evaluate continuous microneedle-based drug infusion , device wearability , and intradermal microneedle insulin kinetics over a multi-day ( 72 h ) wear period . This was a single center , open-label , two-period crossover study in T1DM patients on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII ) . Patients received treatment during interventional visits : one SC and one ID basal/bolus infusion of insulin aspart ( NovoRapid® U-100 ) administered over 3 days in a randomized order . Twenty-eight patients were randomized and exposed to trial product , and 23 completed the study . Bolus insulin infusions were given prior to standardized breakfast and lunch test meals on each of the three treatment days . Blood samples were drawn at predefined time points for measurements of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum . The primary endpoint insulin Tmax demonstrated that ID bolus infusion was associated with a significantly shorter Tmax with statistically significantly smaller intra-subject variability , compared to SC infusion , and this difference was maintained over three treatment days . Analyses of secondary PK endpoints corresponded with the primary endpoint findings . Postprandial glycemic response was significantly less pronounced after ID bolus : For most endpoints ID vs. SC , differences were statistically significant within the 0-1.5 or 0-2 h time period . Intradermal delivery of insulin is a viable delivery route alternative providing reduced time for insulin absorption with less intra-subject variability and lower glycemic response . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O" ]	Intradermal insulin infusion achieves faster insulin action than subcutaneous infusion for 3-day wear . Rapid uptake previously demonstrated by intradermal ( ID ) drug administration indicates compound delivery within the dermis may have clinical and pharmacological advantages for certain drug therapies . This study is the first clinical trial to evaluate continuous microneedle-based drug infusion , device wearability , and intradermal microneedle insulin kinetics over a multi-day ( 72 h ) wear period . This was a single center , open-label , two-period crossover study in T1DM patients on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII ) . Patients received treatment during interventional visits : one SC and one ID basal/bolus infusion of insulin aspart ( NovoRapid® U-100 ) administered over 3 days in a randomized order . Twenty-eight patients were randomized and exposed to trial product , and 23 completed the study . Bolus insulin infusions were given prior to standardized breakfast and lunch test meals on each of the three treatment days . Blood samples were drawn at predefined time points for measurements of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum . The primary endpoint insulin Tmax demonstrated that ID bolus infusion was associated with a significantly shorter Tmax with statistically significantly smaller intra-subject variability , compared to SC infusion , and this difference was maintained over three treatment days . Analyses of secondary PK endpoints corresponded with the primary endpoint findings . Postprandial glycemic response was significantly less pronounced after ID bolus : For most endpoints ID vs. SC , differences were statistically significant within the 0-1.5 or 0-2 h time period . Intradermal delivery of insulin is a viable delivery route alternative providing reduced time for insulin absorption with less intra-subject variability and lower glycemic response .	[ "Intradermal", "insulin", "infusion", "achieves", "faster", "insulin", "action", "than", "subcutaneous", "infusion", "for", "3-day", "wear", ".", "Rapid", "uptake", "previously", "demonstrated", "by", "intradermal", "(", "ID", ")", "drug", "administration", "indicates", "compound", "delivery", "within", "the", "dermis", "may", "have", "clinical", "and", "pharmacological", "advantages", "for", "certain", "drug", "therapies", ".", "This", "study", "is", "the", "first", "clinical", "trial", "to", "evaluate", "continuous", "microneedle", "-", "based", "drug", "infusion", ",", "device", "wearability", ",", "and", "intradermal", "microneedle", "insulin", "kinetics", "over", "a", "multi", "-", "day", "(", "72", "h", ")", "wear", "period", ".", "This", "was", "a", "single", "center", ",", "open", "-", "label", ",", "two", "-", "period", "crossover", "study", "in", "T1DM", "patients", "on", "continuous", "subcutaneous", "insulin", "infusion", "(", "CSII", ")", ".", "Patients", "received", "treatment", "during", "interventional", "visits", ":", "one", "SC", "and", "one", "ID", "basal", "/", "bolus", "infusion", "of", "insulin", "aspart", "(", "NovoRapid", "®", "U-100", ")", "administered", "over", "3", "days", "in", "a", "randomized", "order", ".", "Twenty", "-", "eight", "patients", "were", "randomized", "and", "exposed", "to", "trial", "product", ",", "and", "23", "completed", "the", "study", ".", "Bolus", "insulin", "infusions", "were", "given", "prior", "to", "standardized", "breakfast", "and", "lunch", "test", "meals", "on", "each", "of", "the", "three", "treatment", "days", ".", "Blood", "samples", "were", "drawn", "at", "predefined", "time", "points", "for", "measurements", "of", "insulin", "aspart", "and", "blood", "glucose", "in", "serum", ".", "The", "primary", "endpoint", "insulin", "Tmax", "demonstrated", "that", "ID", "bolus", "infusion", "was", "associated", "with", "a", "significantly", "shorter", "Tmax", "with", "statistically", "significantly", "smaller", "intra", "-", "subject", "variability", ",", "compared", "to", "SC", "infusion", ",", "and", "this", "difference", "was", "maintained", "over", "three", "treatment", "days", ".", "Analyses", "of", "secondary", "PK", "endpoints", "corresponded", "with", "the", "primary", "endpoint", "findings", ".", "Postprandial", "glycemic", "response", "was", "significantly", "less", "pronounced", "after", "ID", "bolus", ":", "For", "most", "endpoints", "ID", "vs", ".", "SC", ",", "differences", "were", "statistically", "significant", "within", "the", "0", "-", "1.5", "or", "0", "-", "2", "h", "time", "period", ".", "Intradermal", "delivery", "of", "insulin", "is", "a", "viable", "delivery", "route", "alternative", "providing", "reduced", "time", "for", "insulin", "absorption", "with", "less", "intra", "-", "subject", "variability", "and", "lower", "glycemic", "response", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Mental", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
patient refusal is a Observation, age is a Person, less than 40 or over 80 years is a Scope, combined surgical procedures is a Procedure, emergency surgery is a Procedure, Left ventricular ejection fraction is a Measurement, less than 50 per cent is a Value, calculated creatinine clearance is a Measurement, less than 60 mL per minute is a Value	NCT01715584_exc_task0	Sentence: patient refusal age less than 40 or over 80 years combined surgical procedures emergency surgery Left ventricular ejection fraction less than 50 per cent calculated creatinine clearance less than 60 mL per minute Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Value, Person, Observation, Procedure, Scope, Measurement	[ "B-Observation", "I-Observation", "O", "B-Person", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O" ]	patient refusal age less than 40 or over 80 years combined surgical procedures emergency surgery Left ventricular ejection fraction less than 50 per cent calculated creatinine clearance less than 60 mL per minute	[ "patient", "refusal", "\n", "age", "less", "than", "40", "or", "over", "80", "years", "\n", "combined", "surgical", "procedures", "\n", "emergency", "surgery", "\n", "Left", "ventricular", "ejection", "fraction", "less", "than", "50", "per", "cent", "\n", "calculated", "creatinine", "clearance", "less", "than", "60", "mL", "per", "minute", "\n" ]	[ "Measurement", "Scope", "Procedure", "Value", "Observation", "Person" ]
patient refusal is a Observation, age is a Person, less than 40 or over 80 years is a Scope, combined surgical procedures is a Procedure, emergency surgery is a Procedure, Left ventricular ejection fraction is a Measurement, less than 50 per cent is a Value, calculated creatinine clearance is a Measurement, less than 60 mL per minute is a Value	NCT01715584_exc_task1	Sentence: patient refusal age less than 40 or over 80 years combined surgical procedures emergency surgery Left ventricular ejection fraction less than 50 per cent calculated creatinine clearance less than 60 mL per minute Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: patient refusal, age, less than 40 or over 80 years, combined surgical procedures, emergency surgery, Left ventricular ejection fraction, less than 50 per cent, calculated creatinine clearance, less than 60 mL per minute Options: Value, Person, Observation, Procedure, Scope, Measurement	[ "B-Observation", "I-Observation", "O", "B-Person", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O" ]	patient refusal age less than 40 or over 80 years combined surgical procedures emergency surgery Left ventricular ejection fraction less than 50 per cent calculated creatinine clearance less than 60 mL per minute	[ "patient", "refusal", "\n", "age", "less", "than", "40", "or", "over", "80", "years", "\n", "combined", "surgical", "procedures", "\n", "emergency", "surgery", "\n", "Left", "ventricular", "ejection", "fraction", "less", "than", "50", "per", "cent", "\n", "calculated", "creatinine", "clearance", "less", "than", "60", "mL", "per", "minute", "\n" ]	[ "Measurement", "Scope", "Procedure", "Value", "Observation", "Person" ]
patient refusal, age, less than 40 or over 80 years, combined surgical procedures, emergency surgery, Left ventricular ejection fraction, less than 50 per cent, calculated creatinine clearance, less than 60 mL per minute	NCT01715584_exc_task2	Sentence: patient refusal age less than 40 or over 80 years combined surgical procedures emergency surgery Left ventricular ejection fraction less than 50 per cent calculated creatinine clearance less than 60 mL per minute Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Observation", "I-Observation", "O", "B-Person", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O" ]	patient refusal age less than 40 or over 80 years combined surgical procedures emergency surgery Left ventricular ejection fraction less than 50 per cent calculated creatinine clearance less than 60 mL per minute	[ "patient", "refusal", "\n", "age", "less", "than", "40", "or", "over", "80", "years", "\n", "combined", "surgical", "procedures", "\n", "emergency", "surgery", "\n", "Left", "ventricular", "ejection", "fraction", "less", "than", "50", "per", "cent", "\n", "calculated", "creatinine", "clearance", "less", "than", "60", "mL", "per", "minute", "\n" ]	[ "Measurement", "Scope", "Procedure", "Value", "Observation", "Person" ]
Escitalopram is a CHEMICAL	12387707_task0	Sentence: Escitalopram. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: CHEMICAL	[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O" ]	Escitalopram.	[ "Escitalopram", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]
Escitalopram is a CHEMICAL	12387707_task1	Sentence: Escitalopram. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Escitalopram Options: CHEMICAL	[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O" ]	Escitalopram.	[ "Escitalopram", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]
Escitalopram	12387707_task2	Sentence: Escitalopram. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O" ]	Escitalopram.	[ "Escitalopram", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]
IL-6 synthesis is an other_name, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells is a cell_type, C3a is a protein_molecule, C3a(desArg ) is a protein_molecule	52233_task0	Sentence: Regulation of IL-6 synthesis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by C3a and C3a(desArg). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: cell_type, protein_molecule, other_name	[ "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "O" ]	Regulation of IL-6 synthesis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by C3a and C3a(desArg).	[ "Regulation", "of", "IL-6", "synthesis", "in", "human", "peripheral", "blood", "mononuclear", "cells", "by", "C3a", "and", "C3a(desArg", ")", "." ]	[ "(AND other_name other_name)", "cell_type", "other_name", "", "protein_molecule", "protein_family_or_group", "RNA_family_or_group", "protein_complex", "lipid" ]
IL-6 synthesis is an other_name, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells is a cell_type, C3a is a protein_molecule, C3a(desArg ) is a protein_molecule	52233_task1	Sentence: Regulation of IL-6 synthesis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by C3a and C3a(desArg). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: IL-6 synthesis, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, C3a, C3a(desArg ) Options: cell_type, protein_molecule, other_name	[ "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "O" ]	Regulation of IL-6 synthesis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by C3a and C3a(desArg).	[ "Regulation", "of", "IL-6", "synthesis", "in", "human", "peripheral", "blood", "mononuclear", "cells", "by", "C3a", "and", "C3a(desArg", ")", "." ]	[ "(AND other_name other_name)", "cell_type", "other_name", "", "protein_molecule", "protein_family_or_group", "RNA_family_or_group", "protein_complex", "lipid" ]
IL-6 synthesis, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, C3a, C3a(desArg )	52233_task2	Sentence: Regulation of IL-6 synthesis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by C3a and C3a(desArg). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "O" ]	Regulation of IL-6 synthesis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by C3a and C3a(desArg).	[ "Regulation", "of", "IL-6", "synthesis", "in", "human", "peripheral", "blood", "mononuclear", "cells", "by", "C3a", "and", "C3a(desArg", ")", "." ]	[ "(AND other_name other_name)", "cell_type", "other_name", "", "protein_molecule", "protein_family_or_group", "RNA_family_or_group", "protein_complex", "lipid" ]
diuretic scanning is an outcome, diuretic renography is an outcome	32_task0	Sentence: Followup was done with diuretic scanning at 3 , 6 , 9 and 12 months and then yearly , and thereafter with diuretic renography . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: outcome	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-outcome", "I-outcome", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-outcome", "I-outcome", "O" ]	Followup was done with diuretic scanning at 3 , 6 , 9 and 12 months and then yearly , and thereafter with diuretic renography .	[ "Followup", "was", "done", "with", "diuretic", "scanning", "at", "3", ",", "6", ",", "9", "and", "12", "months", "and", "then", "yearly", ",", "and", "thereafter", "with", "diuretic", "renography", "." ]	[ "outcome" ]
diuretic scanning is an outcome, diuretic renography is an outcome	32_task1	Sentence: Followup was done with diuretic scanning at 3 , 6 , 9 and 12 months and then yearly , and thereafter with diuretic renography . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: diuretic scanning, diuretic renography Options: outcome	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-outcome", "I-outcome", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-outcome", "I-outcome", "O" ]	Followup was done with diuretic scanning at 3 , 6 , 9 and 12 months and then yearly , and thereafter with diuretic renography .	[ "Followup", "was", "done", "with", "diuretic", "scanning", "at", "3", ",", "6", ",", "9", "and", "12", "months", "and", "then", "yearly", ",", "and", "thereafter", "with", "diuretic", "renography", "." ]	[ "outcome" ]
diuretic scanning, diuretic renography	32_task2	Sentence: Followup was done with diuretic scanning at 3 , 6 , 9 and 12 months and then yearly , and thereafter with diuretic renography . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-outcome", "I-outcome", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-outcome", "I-outcome", "O" ]	Followup was done with diuretic scanning at 3 , 6 , 9 and 12 months and then yearly , and thereafter with diuretic renography .	[ "Followup", "was", "done", "with", "diuretic", "scanning", "at", "3", ",", "6", ",", "9", "and", "12", "months", "and", "then", "yearly", ",", "and", "thereafter", "with", "diuretic", "renography", "." ]	[ "outcome" ]
immunotherapy tablet is a Intervention_Pharmacological, rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life is a Outcome_Physical, grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, adult is a Participant_Age, moderate - severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications is a Participant_Condition, grass AIT is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Quality of life is a Outcome_Other, standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ) is a Outcome_Other, RQLQ ( S ) score is a Outcome_Other, RQLQ ( S ) domains is a Outcome_Other	42532_task0	Sentence: Sustained effect of SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet on rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life . BACKGROUND The prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis has increased significantly over the past decades with grass pollen being a common trigger . The impact of allergy on patient 's quality of life is substantial . AIM To investigate the sustained effect on quality of life during the grass pollen season 1 year after 3 years of treatment with the SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ) , Graza ( Phleum pratense 75,000 SQ-T/2800 BAU ; ALK , Denmark ) . METHODS The trial was a randomized , parallel-group , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial in adult subjects with a history of moderate-severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications . Subjects received 3 years of grass AIT ( n = 157 ) or placebo ( n = 126 ) , followed by 1 year of follow-up . Quality of life assessments were based on the standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ) ; completed weekly during the entire grass pollen season . RESULTS During follow-up , the overall RQLQ ( S ) score for the entire grass pollen season was significantly improved in the active group ( relative difference to placebo : 23 % , P = 0.004 ) . The improvement was higher during the peak pollen season ( 28 % , P = 0.001 ) . The treatment effect of grass AIT during the follow-up year and the previous three treatment years was similar . Improvements were found in all seven RQLQ ( S ) domains . The RQLQ ( S ) as a function of the weekly average pollen counts showed a clear separation between the treatment groups ( P < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSION In subjects inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications , grass AIT provided sustained and clinically relevant improvements in rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life compared to placebo . The effect increased with increasing grass pollen exposure . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Participant_Age, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Sustained effect of SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet on rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life . BACKGROUND The prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis has increased significantly over the past decades with grass pollen being a common trigger . The impact of allergy on patient 's quality of life is substantial . AIM To investigate the sustained effect on quality of life during the grass pollen season 1 year after 3 years of treatment with the SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ) , Graza ( Phleum pratense 75,000 SQ-T/2800 BAU ; ALK , Denmark ) . METHODS The trial was a randomized , parallel-group , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial in adult subjects with a history of moderate-severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications . Subjects received 3 years of grass AIT ( n = 157 ) or placebo ( n = 126 ) , followed by 1 year of follow-up . Quality of life assessments were based on the standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ) ; completed weekly during the entire grass pollen season . RESULTS During follow-up , the overall RQLQ ( S ) score for the entire grass pollen season was significantly improved in the active group ( relative difference to placebo : 23 % , P = 0.004 ) . The improvement was higher during the peak pollen season ( 28 % , P = 0.001 ) . The treatment effect of grass AIT during the follow-up year and the previous three treatment years was similar . Improvements were found in all seven RQLQ ( S ) domains . The RQLQ ( S ) as a function of the weekly average pollen counts showed a clear separation between the treatment groups ( P < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSION In subjects inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications , grass AIT provided sustained and clinically relevant improvements in rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life compared to placebo . The effect increased with increasing grass pollen exposure .	[ "Sustained", "effect", "of", "SQ", "-", "standardized", "grass", "allergy", "immunotherapy", "tablet", "on", "rhinoconjunctivitis", "quality", "of", "life", ".", "BACKGROUND", "The", "prevalence", "of", "allergic", "rhinoconjunctivitis", "has", "increased", "significantly", "over", "the", "past", "decades", "with", "grass", "pollen", "being", "a", "common", "trigger", ".", "The", "impact", "of", "allergy", "on", "patient", "'", "s", "quality", "of", "life", "is", "substantial", ".", "AIM", "To", "investigate", "the", "sustained", "effect", "on", "quality", "of", "life", "during", "the", "grass", "pollen", "season", "1", "year", "after", "3", "years", "of", "treatment", "with", "the", "SQ", "-", "standardized", "grass", "allergy", "immunotherapy", "tablet", "(", "AIT", ")", ",", "Graza", "(", "Phleum", "pratense", "75,000", "SQ", "-", "T/2800", "BAU", ";", "ALK", ",", "Denmark", ")", ".", "METHODS", "The", "trial", "was", "a", "randomized", ",", "parallel", "-", "group", ",", "double", "-", "blind", ",", "placebo", "-", "controlled", "trial", "in", "adult", "subjects", "with", "a", "history", "of", "moderate", "-", "severe", "grass", "pollen", "induced", "rhinoconjunctivitis", "inadequately", "controlled", "by", "symptomatic", "medications", ".", "Subjects", "received", "3", "years", "of", "grass", "AIT", "(", "n", "=", "157", ")", "or", "placebo", "(", "n", "=", "126", ")", ",", "followed", "by", "1", "year", "of", "follow", "-", "up", ".", "Quality", "of", "life", "assessments", "were", "based", "on", "the", "standardized", "rhinoconjunctivitis", "quality", "of", "life", "questionnaire", "(", "RQLQ", "(", "S", ")", ")", ";", "completed", "weekly", "during", "the", "entire", "grass", "pollen", "season", ".", "RESULTS", "During", "follow", "-", "up", ",", "the", "overall", "RQLQ", "(", "S", ")", "score", "for", "the", "entire", "grass", "pollen", "season", "was", "significantly", "improved", "in", "the", "active", "group", "(", "relative", "difference", "to", "placebo", ":", "23", "%", ",", "P", "=", "0.004", ")", ".", "The", "improvement", "was", "higher", "during", "the", "peak", "pollen", "season", "(", "28", "%", ",", "P", "=", "0.001", ")", ".", "The", "treatment", "effect", "of", "grass", "AIT", "during", "the", "follow", "-", "up", "year", "and", "the", "previous", "three", "treatment", "years", "was", "similar", ".", "Improvements", "were", "found", "in", "all", "seven", "RQLQ", "(", "S", ")", "domains", ".", "The", "RQLQ", "(", "S", ")", "as", "a", "function", "of", "the", "weekly", "average", "pollen", "counts", "showed", "a", "clear", "separation", "between", "the", "treatment", "groups", "(", "P", "<", "0.001", ")", ".", "CONCLUSION", "In", "subjects", "inadequately", "controlled", "by", "symptomatic", "medications", ",", "grass", "AIT", "provided", "sustained", "and", "clinically", "relevant", "improvements", "in", "rhinoconjunctivitis", "quality", "of", "life", "compared", "to", "placebo", ".", "The", "effect", "increased", "with", "increasing", "grass", "pollen", "exposure", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Age" ]
immunotherapy tablet is a Intervention_Pharmacological, rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life is a Outcome_Physical, grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, adult is a Participant_Age, moderate - severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications is a Participant_Condition, grass AIT is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Quality of life is a Outcome_Other, standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ) is a Outcome_Other, RQLQ ( S ) score is a Outcome_Other, RQLQ ( S ) domains is a Outcome_Other	42532_task1	Sentence: Sustained effect of SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet on rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life . BACKGROUND The prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis has increased significantly over the past decades with grass pollen being a common trigger . The impact of allergy on patient 's quality of life is substantial . AIM To investigate the sustained effect on quality of life during the grass pollen season 1 year after 3 years of treatment with the SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ) , Graza ( Phleum pratense 75,000 SQ-T/2800 BAU ; ALK , Denmark ) . METHODS The trial was a randomized , parallel-group , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial in adult subjects with a history of moderate-severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications . Subjects received 3 years of grass AIT ( n = 157 ) or placebo ( n = 126 ) , followed by 1 year of follow-up . Quality of life assessments were based on the standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ) ; completed weekly during the entire grass pollen season . RESULTS During follow-up , the overall RQLQ ( S ) score for the entire grass pollen season was significantly improved in the active group ( relative difference to placebo : 23 % , P = 0.004 ) . The improvement was higher during the peak pollen season ( 28 % , P = 0.001 ) . The treatment effect of grass AIT during the follow-up year and the previous three treatment years was similar . Improvements were found in all seven RQLQ ( S ) domains . The RQLQ ( S ) as a function of the weekly average pollen counts showed a clear separation between the treatment groups ( P < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSION In subjects inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications , grass AIT provided sustained and clinically relevant improvements in rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life compared to placebo . The effect increased with increasing grass pollen exposure . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: immunotherapy tablet, rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life, grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ), placebo, adult, moderate - severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications, grass AIT, Quality of life, standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ), RQLQ ( S ) score, RQLQ ( S ) domains Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Participant_Age, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Sustained effect of SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet on rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life . BACKGROUND The prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis has increased significantly over the past decades with grass pollen being a common trigger . The impact of allergy on patient 's quality of life is substantial . AIM To investigate the sustained effect on quality of life during the grass pollen season 1 year after 3 years of treatment with the SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ) , Graza ( Phleum pratense 75,000 SQ-T/2800 BAU ; ALK , Denmark ) . METHODS The trial was a randomized , parallel-group , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial in adult subjects with a history of moderate-severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications . Subjects received 3 years of grass AIT ( n = 157 ) or placebo ( n = 126 ) , followed by 1 year of follow-up . Quality of life assessments were based on the standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ) ; completed weekly during the entire grass pollen season . RESULTS During follow-up , the overall RQLQ ( S ) score for the entire grass pollen season was significantly improved in the active group ( relative difference to placebo : 23 % , P = 0.004 ) . The improvement was higher during the peak pollen season ( 28 % , P = 0.001 ) . The treatment effect of grass AIT during the follow-up year and the previous three treatment years was similar . Improvements were found in all seven RQLQ ( S ) domains . The RQLQ ( S ) as a function of the weekly average pollen counts showed a clear separation between the treatment groups ( P < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSION In subjects inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications , grass AIT provided sustained and clinically relevant improvements in rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life compared to placebo . The effect increased with increasing grass pollen exposure .	[ "Sustained", "effect", "of", "SQ", "-", "standardized", "grass", "allergy", "immunotherapy", "tablet", "on", "rhinoconjunctivitis", "quality", "of", "life", ".", "BACKGROUND", "The", "prevalence", "of", "allergic", "rhinoconjunctivitis", "has", "increased", "significantly", "over", "the", "past", "decades", "with", "grass", "pollen", "being", "a", "common", "trigger", ".", "The", "impact", "of", "allergy", "on", "patient", "'", "s", "quality", "of", "life", "is", "substantial", ".", "AIM", "To", "investigate", "the", "sustained", "effect", "on", "quality", "of", "life", "during", "the", "grass", "pollen", "season", "1", "year", "after", "3", "years", "of", "treatment", "with", "the", "SQ", "-", "standardized", "grass", "allergy", "immunotherapy", "tablet", "(", "AIT", ")", ",", "Graza", "(", "Phleum", "pratense", "75,000", "SQ", "-", "T/2800", "BAU", ";", "ALK", ",", "Denmark", ")", ".", "METHODS", "The", "trial", "was", "a", "randomized", ",", "parallel", "-", "group", ",", "double", "-", "blind", ",", "placebo", "-", "controlled", "trial", "in", "adult", "subjects", "with", "a", "history", "of", "moderate", "-", "severe", "grass", "pollen", "induced", "rhinoconjunctivitis", "inadequately", "controlled", "by", "symptomatic", "medications", ".", "Subjects", "received", "3", "years", "of", "grass", "AIT", "(", "n", "=", "157", ")", "or", "placebo", "(", "n", "=", "126", ")", ",", "followed", "by", "1", "year", "of", "follow", "-", "up", ".", "Quality", "of", "life", "assessments", "were", "based", "on", "the", "standardized", "rhinoconjunctivitis", "quality", "of", "life", "questionnaire", "(", "RQLQ", "(", "S", ")", ")", ";", "completed", "weekly", "during", "the", "entire", "grass", "pollen", "season", ".", "RESULTS", "During", "follow", "-", "up", ",", "the", "overall", "RQLQ", "(", "S", ")", "score", "for", "the", "entire", "grass", "pollen", "season", "was", "significantly", "improved", "in", "the", "active", "group", "(", "relative", "difference", "to", "placebo", ":", "23", "%", ",", "P", "=", "0.004", ")", ".", "The", "improvement", "was", "higher", "during", "the", "peak", "pollen", "season", "(", "28", "%", ",", "P", "=", "0.001", ")", ".", "The", "treatment", "effect", "of", "grass", "AIT", "during", "the", "follow", "-", "up", "year", "and", "the", "previous", "three", "treatment", "years", "was", "similar", ".", "Improvements", "were", "found", "in", "all", "seven", "RQLQ", "(", "S", ")", "domains", ".", "The", "RQLQ", "(", "S", ")", "as", "a", "function", "of", "the", "weekly", "average", "pollen", "counts", "showed", "a", "clear", "separation", "between", "the", "treatment", "groups", "(", "P", "<", "0.001", ")", ".", "CONCLUSION", "In", "subjects", "inadequately", "controlled", "by", "symptomatic", "medications", ",", "grass", "AIT", "provided", "sustained", "and", "clinically", "relevant", "improvements", "in", "rhinoconjunctivitis", "quality", "of", "life", "compared", "to", "placebo", ".", "The", "effect", "increased", "with", "increasing", "grass", "pollen", "exposure", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Age" ]
immunotherapy tablet, rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life, grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ), placebo, adult, moderate - severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications, grass AIT, Quality of life, standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ), RQLQ ( S ) score, RQLQ ( S ) domains	42532_task2	Sentence: Sustained effect of SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet on rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life . BACKGROUND The prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis has increased significantly over the past decades with grass pollen being a common trigger . The impact of allergy on patient 's quality of life is substantial . AIM To investigate the sustained effect on quality of life during the grass pollen season 1 year after 3 years of treatment with the SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ) , Graza ( Phleum pratense 75,000 SQ-T/2800 BAU ; ALK , Denmark ) . METHODS The trial was a randomized , parallel-group , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial in adult subjects with a history of moderate-severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications . Subjects received 3 years of grass AIT ( n = 157 ) or placebo ( n = 126 ) , followed by 1 year of follow-up . Quality of life assessments were based on the standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ) ; completed weekly during the entire grass pollen season . RESULTS During follow-up , the overall RQLQ ( S ) score for the entire grass pollen season was significantly improved in the active group ( relative difference to placebo : 23 % , P = 0.004 ) . The improvement was higher during the peak pollen season ( 28 % , P = 0.001 ) . The treatment effect of grass AIT during the follow-up year and the previous three treatment years was similar . Improvements were found in all seven RQLQ ( S ) domains . The RQLQ ( S ) as a function of the weekly average pollen counts showed a clear separation between the treatment groups ( P < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSION In subjects inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications , grass AIT provided sustained and clinically relevant improvements in rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life compared to placebo . The effect increased with increasing grass pollen exposure . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Sustained effect of SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet on rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life . BACKGROUND The prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis has increased significantly over the past decades with grass pollen being a common trigger . The impact of allergy on patient 's quality of life is substantial . AIM To investigate the sustained effect on quality of life during the grass pollen season 1 year after 3 years of treatment with the SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ) , Graza ( Phleum pratense 75,000 SQ-T/2800 BAU ; ALK , Denmark ) . METHODS The trial was a randomized , parallel-group , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial in adult subjects with a history of moderate-severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications . Subjects received 3 years of grass AIT ( n = 157 ) or placebo ( n = 126 ) , followed by 1 year of follow-up . Quality of life assessments were based on the standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ) ; completed weekly during the entire grass pollen season . RESULTS During follow-up , the overall RQLQ ( S ) score for the entire grass pollen season was significantly improved in the active group ( relative difference to placebo : 23 % , P = 0.004 ) . The improvement was higher during the peak pollen season ( 28 % , P = 0.001 ) . The treatment effect of grass AIT during the follow-up year and the previous three treatment years was similar . Improvements were found in all seven RQLQ ( S ) domains . The RQLQ ( S ) as a function of the weekly average pollen counts showed a clear separation between the treatment groups ( P < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSION In subjects inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications , grass AIT provided sustained and clinically relevant improvements in rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life compared to placebo . The effect increased with increasing grass pollen exposure .	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cirrhosis is an umlsterm, rigor mortis is an umlsterm, rigor mortis is an umlsterm, rigor mortis is an umlsterm	Rechtsmedizin.70070165.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: It has been claimed [ 2 ] that victims of Indian childhood cirrhosis do not develop rigor mortis . The biochemical mechanism suggested to explain such a supposed phenomenon , however , is not convincing . But there are cases of `imperceptible rigor mortis ' due to low muscular mass which might be confused with real absence of rigor mortis . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	It has been claimed [ 2 ] that victims of Indian childhood cirrhosis do not develop rigor mortis . The biochemical mechanism suggested to explain such a supposed phenomenon , however , is not convincing . But there are cases of `imperceptible rigor mortis ' due to low muscular mass which might be confused with real absence of rigor mortis .	[ "It", "has", "been", "claimed", "[", "2", "]", "that", "victims", "of", "Indian", "childhood", "cirrhosis", "do", "not", "develop", "rigor", "mortis", ".", "The", "biochemical", "mechanism", "suggested", "to", "explain", "such", "a", "supposed", "phenomenon", ",", "however", ",", "is", "not", "convincing", ".", "But", "there", "are", "cases", "of", "`", "imperceptible", "rigor", "mortis", "'", "due", "to", "low", "muscular", "mass", "which", "might", "be", "confused", "with", "real", "absence", "of", "rigor", "mortis", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
cirrhosis is an umlsterm, rigor mortis is an umlsterm, rigor mortis is an umlsterm, rigor mortis is an umlsterm	Rechtsmedizin.70070165.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: It has been claimed [ 2 ] that victims of Indian childhood cirrhosis do not develop rigor mortis . The biochemical mechanism suggested to explain such a supposed phenomenon , however , is not convincing . But there are cases of `imperceptible rigor mortis ' due to low muscular mass which might be confused with real absence of rigor mortis . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cirrhosis, rigor mortis, rigor mortis, rigor mortis Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	It has been claimed [ 2 ] that victims of Indian childhood cirrhosis do not develop rigor mortis . The biochemical mechanism suggested to explain such a supposed phenomenon , however , is not convincing . But there are cases of `imperceptible rigor mortis ' due to low muscular mass which might be confused with real absence of rigor mortis .	[ "It", "has", "been", "claimed", "[", "2", "]", "that", "victims", "of", "Indian", "childhood", "cirrhosis", "do", "not", "develop", "rigor", "mortis", ".", "The", "biochemical", "mechanism", "suggested", "to", "explain", "such", "a", "supposed", "phenomenon", ",", "however", ",", "is", "not", "convincing", ".", "But", "there", "are", "cases", "of", "`", "imperceptible", "rigor", "mortis", "'", "due", "to", "low", "muscular", "mass", "which", "might", "be", "confused", "with", "real", "absence", "of", "rigor", "mortis", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
cirrhosis, rigor mortis, rigor mortis, rigor mortis	Rechtsmedizin.70070165.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: It has been claimed [ 2 ] that victims of Indian childhood cirrhosis do not develop rigor mortis . The biochemical mechanism suggested to explain such a supposed phenomenon , however , is not convincing . But there are cases of `imperceptible rigor mortis ' due to low muscular mass which might be confused with real absence of rigor mortis . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	It has been claimed [ 2 ] that victims of Indian childhood cirrhosis do not develop rigor mortis . The biochemical mechanism suggested to explain such a supposed phenomenon , however , is not convincing . But there are cases of `imperceptible rigor mortis ' due to low muscular mass which might be confused with real absence of rigor mortis .	[ "It", "has", "been", "claimed", "[", "2", "]", "that", "victims", "of", "Indian", "childhood", "cirrhosis", "do", "not", "develop", "rigor", "mortis", ".", "The", "biochemical", "mechanism", "suggested", "to", "explain", "such", "a", "supposed", "phenomenon", ",", "however", ",", "is", "not", "convincing", ".", "But", "there", "are", "cases", "of", "`", "imperceptible", "rigor", "mortis", "'", "due", "to", "low", "muscular", "mass", "which", "might", "be", "confused", "with", "real", "absence", "of", "rigor", "mortis", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
argón is a NORMALIZABLES	227_task0	Sentence: Varón de 26 años de edad que presenta disminución de agudeza visual (AV) en ojo izquierdo (OI) de dos años de evolución. Portador de la mutación causal de la enfermedad de VHL, padre y hermano con manifestaciones sistémicas del síndrome. A la exploración, la AV del OI es 0,4. En el fondo de ojo izquierdo se aprecia tumoración endofítica anaranjada de dos diámetros de papila en arcada temporal superior con vasos nutricios dilatados. En la tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT) se evidencia edema quístico difuso en polo posterior y en la angiografía (AFG), hiperfluorescencia precoz de la lesión con fuga en tiempos tardíos. Se solicita estudio sistémico que muestra, además, múltiples nódulos sólidos en ambos riñones sugerentes de hipernefroma bilateral (posteriormente confirmado tras practicarse nefrectomía radical izquierda), un nódulo hipercaptante en la suprarrenal derecha, un probable tumor neuroendocrino pancreático y múltiples hemangioblastomas en protuberancia y médula espinal, con leve edema medular asociado. Se inicia fotocoagulación con láser argón en dos sesiones durante las cuales se produce hemorragia subretiniana a lo largo de la arcada vascular y hemorragia vítrea (HV). A los dos meses y ante la ausencia de reabsorción de la HV, se decide vitrectomía 23G, durante la que se completa el tratamiento de la lesión mediante endoláser. A los tres meses de la cirugía, la AV es 0,6. La OCT revela buen perfil foveal, con resolución del edema macular. La AFG confirma el cierre de los vasos nutricios, la lesión presenta un aspecto cicatricial, y aunque capta desde tiempos precoces, no hay fuga, apreciándose vasos de suplencia en la periferia de la lesión. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: NORMALIZABLES	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-NORMALIZABLES", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Varón de 26 años de edad que presenta disminución de agudeza visual (AV) en ojo izquierdo (OI) de dos años de evolución. Portador de la mutación causal de la enfermedad de VHL, padre y hermano con manifestaciones sistémicas del síndrome. A la exploración, la AV del OI es 0,4. En el fondo de ojo izquierdo se aprecia tumoración endofítica anaranjada de dos diámetros de papila en arcada temporal superior con vasos nutricios dilatados. En la tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT) se evidencia edema quístico difuso en polo posterior y en la angiografía (AFG), hiperfluorescencia precoz de la lesión con fuga en tiempos tardíos. Se solicita estudio sistémico que muestra, además, múltiples nódulos sólidos en ambos riñones sugerentes de hipernefroma bilateral (posteriormente confirmado tras practicarse nefrectomía radical izquierda), un nódulo hipercaptante en la suprarrenal derecha, un probable tumor neuroendocrino pancreático y múltiples hemangioblastomas en protuberancia y médula espinal, con leve edema medular asociado. Se inicia fotocoagulación con láser argón en dos sesiones durante las cuales se produce hemorragia subretiniana a lo largo de la arcada vascular y hemorragia vítrea (HV). A los dos meses y ante la ausencia de reabsorción de la HV, se decide vitrectomía 23G, durante la que se completa el tratamiento de la lesión mediante endoláser. A los tres meses de la cirugía, la AV es 0,6. La OCT revela buen perfil foveal, con resolución del edema macular. La AFG confirma el cierre de los vasos nutricios, la lesión presenta un aspecto cicatricial, y aunque capta desde tiempos precoces, no hay fuga, apreciándose vasos de suplencia en la periferia de la lesión.	[ "Varón", "de", "26", "años", "de", "edad", "que", "presenta", "disminución", "de", "agudeza", "visual", "(", "AV", ")", "en", "ojo", "izquierdo", "(", "OI", ")", "de", "dos", "años", "de", "evolución", ".", "Portador", "de", "la", "mutación", "causal", "de", "la", "enfermedad", "de", "VHL", ",", "padre", "y", "hermano", "con", "manifestaciones", "sistémicas", "del", "síndrome", ".", "A", "la", "exploración", ",", "la", "AV", "del", "OI", "es", "0,4", ".", "En", "el", "fondo", "de", "ojo", "izquierdo", "se", "aprecia", "tumoración", "endofítica", "anaranjada", "de", "dos", "diámetros", "de", "papila", "en", "arcada", "temporal", "superior", "con", "vasos", "nutricios", "dilatados", ".", "En", "la", "tomografía", "de", "coherencia", "óptica", "(", "OCT", ")", "se", "evidencia", "edema", "quístico", "difuso", "en", "polo", "posterior", "y", "en", "la", "angiografía", "(", "AFG", ")", ",", "hiperfluorescencia", "precoz", "de", "la", "lesión", "con", "fuga", "en", "tiempos", "tardíos", ".", "Se", "solicita", "estudio", "sistémico", "que", "muestra", ",", "además", ",", "múltiples", "nódulos", "sólidos", "en", "ambos", "riñones", "sugerentes", "de", "hipernefroma", "bilateral", "(", "posteriormente", "confirmado", "tras", "practicarse", "nefrectomía", "radical", "izquierda", ")", ",", "un", "nódulo", "hipercaptante", "en", "la", "suprarrenal", "derecha", ",", "un", "probable", "tumor", "neuroendocrino", "pancreático", "y", "múltiples", "hemangioblastomas", "en", "protuberancia", "y", "médula", "espinal", ",", "con", "leve", "edema", "medular", "asociado", ".", "\n\n", "Se", "inicia", "fotocoagulación", "con", "láser", "argón", "en", "dos", "sesiones", "durante", "las", "cuales", "se", "produce", "hemorragia", "subretiniana", "a", "lo", "largo", "de", "la", "arcada", "vascular", "y", "hemorragia", "vítrea", "(", "HV", ")", ".", "A", "los", "dos", "meses", "y", "ante", "la", "ausencia", "de", "reabsorción", "de", "la", "HV", ",", "se", "decide", "vitrectomía", "23", "G", ",", "durante", "la", "que", "se", "completa", "el", "tratamiento", "de", "la", "lesión", "mediante", "endoláser", ".", "A", "los", "tres", "meses", "de", "la", "cirugía", ",", "la", "AV", "es", "0,6", ".", "La", "OCT", "revela", "buen", "perfil", "foveal", ",", "con", "resolución", "del", "edema", "macular", ".", "La", "AFG", "confirma", "el", "cierre", "de", "los", "vasos", "nutricios", ",", "la", "lesión", "presenta", "un", "aspecto", "cicatricial", ",", "y", "aunque", "capta", "desde", "tiempos", "precoces", ",", "no", "hay", "fuga", ",", "apreciándose", "vasos", "de", "suplencia", "en", "la", "periferia", "de", "la", "lesión", ".", "\n\n" ]	[ "NORMALIZABLES" ]
argón is a NORMALIZABLES	227_task1	Sentence: Varón de 26 años de edad que presenta disminución de agudeza visual (AV) en ojo izquierdo (OI) de dos años de evolución. Portador de la mutación causal de la enfermedad de VHL, padre y hermano con manifestaciones sistémicas del síndrome. A la exploración, la AV del OI es 0,4. En el fondo de ojo izquierdo se aprecia tumoración endofítica anaranjada de dos diámetros de papila en arcada temporal superior con vasos nutricios dilatados. En la tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT) se evidencia edema quístico difuso en polo posterior y en la angiografía (AFG), hiperfluorescencia precoz de la lesión con fuga en tiempos tardíos. Se solicita estudio sistémico que muestra, además, múltiples nódulos sólidos en ambos riñones sugerentes de hipernefroma bilateral (posteriormente confirmado tras practicarse nefrectomía radical izquierda), un nódulo hipercaptante en la suprarrenal derecha, un probable tumor neuroendocrino pancreático y múltiples hemangioblastomas en protuberancia y médula espinal, con leve edema medular asociado. Se inicia fotocoagulación con láser argón en dos sesiones durante las cuales se produce hemorragia subretiniana a lo largo de la arcada vascular y hemorragia vítrea (HV). A los dos meses y ante la ausencia de reabsorción de la HV, se decide vitrectomía 23G, durante la que se completa el tratamiento de la lesión mediante endoláser. A los tres meses de la cirugía, la AV es 0,6. La OCT revela buen perfil foveal, con resolución del edema macular. La AFG confirma el cierre de los vasos nutricios, la lesión presenta un aspecto cicatricial, y aunque capta desde tiempos precoces, no hay fuga, apreciándose vasos de suplencia en la periferia de la lesión. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: argón Options: NORMALIZABLES	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-NORMALIZABLES", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Varón de 26 años de edad que presenta disminución de agudeza visual (AV) en ojo izquierdo (OI) de dos años de evolución. Portador de la mutación causal de la enfermedad de VHL, padre y hermano con manifestaciones sistémicas del síndrome. A la exploración, la AV del OI es 0,4. En el fondo de ojo izquierdo se aprecia tumoración endofítica anaranjada de dos diámetros de papila en arcada temporal superior con vasos nutricios dilatados. En la tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT) se evidencia edema quístico difuso en polo posterior y en la angiografía (AFG), hiperfluorescencia precoz de la lesión con fuga en tiempos tardíos. Se solicita estudio sistémico que muestra, además, múltiples nódulos sólidos en ambos riñones sugerentes de hipernefroma bilateral (posteriormente confirmado tras practicarse nefrectomía radical izquierda), un nódulo hipercaptante en la suprarrenal derecha, un probable tumor neuroendocrino pancreático y múltiples hemangioblastomas en protuberancia y médula espinal, con leve edema medular asociado. Se inicia fotocoagulación con láser argón en dos sesiones durante las cuales se produce hemorragia subretiniana a lo largo de la arcada vascular y hemorragia vítrea (HV). A los dos meses y ante la ausencia de reabsorción de la HV, se decide vitrectomía 23G, durante la que se completa el tratamiento de la lesión mediante endoláser. A los tres meses de la cirugía, la AV es 0,6. La OCT revela buen perfil foveal, con resolución del edema macular. La AFG confirma el cierre de los vasos nutricios, la lesión presenta un aspecto cicatricial, y aunque capta desde tiempos precoces, no hay fuga, apreciándose vasos de suplencia en la periferia de la lesión.	[ "Varón", "de", "26", "años", "de", "edad", "que", "presenta", "disminución", "de", "agudeza", "visual", "(", "AV", ")", "en", "ojo", "izquierdo", "(", "OI", ")", "de", "dos", "años", "de", "evolución", ".", "Portador", "de", "la", "mutación", "causal", "de", "la", "enfermedad", "de", "VHL", ",", "padre", "y", "hermano", "con", "manifestaciones", "sistémicas", "del", "síndrome", ".", "A", "la", "exploración", ",", "la", "AV", "del", "OI", "es", "0,4", ".", "En", "el", "fondo", "de", "ojo", "izquierdo", "se", "aprecia", "tumoración", "endofítica", "anaranjada", "de", "dos", "diámetros", "de", "papila", "en", "arcada", "temporal", "superior", "con", "vasos", "nutricios", "dilatados", ".", "En", "la", "tomografía", "de", "coherencia", "óptica", "(", "OCT", ")", "se", "evidencia", "edema", "quístico", "difuso", "en", "polo", "posterior", "y", "en", "la", "angiografía", "(", "AFG", ")", ",", "hiperfluorescencia", "precoz", "de", "la", "lesión", "con", "fuga", "en", "tiempos", "tardíos", ".", "Se", "solicita", "estudio", "sistémico", "que", "muestra", ",", "además", ",", "múltiples", "nódulos", "sólidos", "en", "ambos", "riñones", "sugerentes", "de", "hipernefroma", "bilateral", "(", "posteriormente", "confirmado", "tras", "practicarse", "nefrectomía", "radical", "izquierda", ")", ",", "un", "nódulo", "hipercaptante", "en", "la", "suprarrenal", "derecha", ",", "un", "probable", "tumor", "neuroendocrino", "pancreático", "y", "múltiples", "hemangioblastomas", "en", "protuberancia", "y", "médula", "espinal", ",", "con", "leve", "edema", "medular", "asociado", ".", "\n\n", "Se", "inicia", "fotocoagulación", "con", "láser", "argón", "en", "dos", "sesiones", "durante", "las", "cuales", "se", "produce", "hemorragia", "subretiniana", "a", "lo", "largo", "de", "la", "arcada", "vascular", "y", "hemorragia", "vítrea", "(", "HV", ")", ".", "A", "los", "dos", "meses", "y", "ante", "la", "ausencia", "de", "reabsorción", "de", "la", "HV", ",", "se", "decide", "vitrectomía", "23", "G", ",", "durante", "la", "que", "se", "completa", "el", "tratamiento", "de", "la", "lesión", "mediante", "endoláser", ".", "A", "los", "tres", "meses", "de", "la", "cirugía", ",", "la", "AV", "es", "0,6", ".", "La", "OCT", "revela", "buen", "perfil", "foveal", ",", "con", "resolución", "del", "edema", "macular", ".", "La", "AFG", "confirma", "el", "cierre", "de", "los", "vasos", "nutricios", ",", "la", "lesión", "presenta", "un", "aspecto", "cicatricial", ",", "y", "aunque", "capta", "desde", "tiempos", "precoces", ",", "no", "hay", "fuga", ",", "apreciándose", "vasos", "de", "suplencia", "en", "la", "periferia", "de", "la", "lesión", ".", "\n\n" ]	[ "NORMALIZABLES" ]
argón	227_task2	Sentence: Varón de 26 años de edad que presenta disminución de agudeza visual (AV) en ojo izquierdo (OI) de dos años de evolución. Portador de la mutación causal de la enfermedad de VHL, padre y hermano con manifestaciones sistémicas del síndrome. A la exploración, la AV del OI es 0,4. En el fondo de ojo izquierdo se aprecia tumoración endofítica anaranjada de dos diámetros de papila en arcada temporal superior con vasos nutricios dilatados. En la tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT) se evidencia edema quístico difuso en polo posterior y en la angiografía (AFG), hiperfluorescencia precoz de la lesión con fuga en tiempos tardíos. Se solicita estudio sistémico que muestra, además, múltiples nódulos sólidos en ambos riñones sugerentes de hipernefroma bilateral (posteriormente confirmado tras practicarse nefrectomía radical izquierda), un nódulo hipercaptante en la suprarrenal derecha, un probable tumor neuroendocrino pancreático y múltiples hemangioblastomas en protuberancia y médula espinal, con leve edema medular asociado. Se inicia fotocoagulación con láser argón en dos sesiones durante las cuales se produce hemorragia subretiniana a lo largo de la arcada vascular y hemorragia vítrea (HV). A los dos meses y ante la ausencia de reabsorción de la HV, se decide vitrectomía 23G, durante la que se completa el tratamiento de la lesión mediante endoláser. A los tres meses de la cirugía, la AV es 0,6. La OCT revela buen perfil foveal, con resolución del edema macular. La AFG confirma el cierre de los vasos nutricios, la lesión presenta un aspecto cicatricial, y aunque capta desde tiempos precoces, no hay fuga, apreciándose vasos de suplencia en la periferia de la lesión. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-NORMALIZABLES", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Varón de 26 años de edad que presenta disminución de agudeza visual (AV) en ojo izquierdo (OI) de dos años de evolución. Portador de la mutación causal de la enfermedad de VHL, padre y hermano con manifestaciones sistémicas del síndrome. A la exploración, la AV del OI es 0,4. En el fondo de ojo izquierdo se aprecia tumoración endofítica anaranjada de dos diámetros de papila en arcada temporal superior con vasos nutricios dilatados. En la tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT) se evidencia edema quístico difuso en polo posterior y en la angiografía (AFG), hiperfluorescencia precoz de la lesión con fuga en tiempos tardíos. Se solicita estudio sistémico que muestra, además, múltiples nódulos sólidos en ambos riñones sugerentes de hipernefroma bilateral (posteriormente confirmado tras practicarse nefrectomía radical izquierda), un nódulo hipercaptante en la suprarrenal derecha, un probable tumor neuroendocrino pancreático y múltiples hemangioblastomas en protuberancia y médula espinal, con leve edema medular asociado. Se inicia fotocoagulación con láser argón en dos sesiones durante las cuales se produce hemorragia subretiniana a lo largo de la arcada vascular y hemorragia vítrea (HV). A los dos meses y ante la ausencia de reabsorción de la HV, se decide vitrectomía 23G, durante la que se completa el tratamiento de la lesión mediante endoláser. A los tres meses de la cirugía, la AV es 0,6. La OCT revela buen perfil foveal, con resolución del edema macular. La AFG confirma el cierre de los vasos nutricios, la lesión presenta un aspecto cicatricial, y aunque capta desde tiempos precoces, no hay fuga, apreciándose vasos de suplencia en la periferia de la lesión.	[ "Varón", "de", "26", "años", "de", "edad", "que", "presenta", "disminución", "de", "agudeza", "visual", "(", "AV", ")", "en", "ojo", "izquierdo", "(", "OI", ")", "de", "dos", "años", "de", "evolución", ".", "Portador", "de", "la", "mutación", "causal", "de", "la", "enfermedad", "de", "VHL", ",", "padre", "y", "hermano", "con", "manifestaciones", "sistémicas", "del", "síndrome", ".", "A", "la", "exploración", ",", "la", "AV", "del", "OI", "es", "0,4", ".", "En", "el", "fondo", "de", "ojo", "izquierdo", "se", "aprecia", "tumoración", "endofítica", "anaranjada", "de", "dos", "diámetros", "de", "papila", "en", "arcada", "temporal", "superior", "con", "vasos", "nutricios", "dilatados", ".", "En", "la", "tomografía", "de", "coherencia", "óptica", "(", "OCT", ")", "se", "evidencia", "edema", "quístico", "difuso", "en", "polo", "posterior", "y", "en", "la", "angiografía", "(", "AFG", ")", ",", "hiperfluorescencia", "precoz", "de", "la", "lesión", "con", "fuga", "en", "tiempos", "tardíos", ".", "Se", "solicita", "estudio", "sistémico", "que", "muestra", ",", "además", ",", "múltiples", "nódulos", "sólidos", "en", "ambos", "riñones", "sugerentes", "de", "hipernefroma", "bilateral", "(", "posteriormente", "confirmado", "tras", "practicarse", "nefrectomía", "radical", "izquierda", ")", ",", "un", "nódulo", "hipercaptante", "en", "la", "suprarrenal", "derecha", ",", "un", "probable", "tumor", "neuroendocrino", "pancreático", "y", "múltiples", "hemangioblastomas", "en", "protuberancia", "y", "médula", "espinal", ",", "con", "leve", "edema", "medular", "asociado", ".", "\n\n", "Se", "inicia", "fotocoagulación", "con", "láser", "argón", "en", "dos", "sesiones", "durante", "las", "cuales", "se", "produce", "hemorragia", "subretiniana", "a", "lo", "largo", "de", "la", "arcada", "vascular", "y", "hemorragia", "vítrea", "(", "HV", ")", ".", "A", "los", "dos", "meses", "y", "ante", "la", "ausencia", "de", "reabsorción", "de", "la", "HV", ",", "se", "decide", "vitrectomía", "23", "G", ",", "durante", "la", "que", "se", "completa", "el", "tratamiento", "de", "la", "lesión", "mediante", "endoláser", ".", "A", "los", "tres", "meses", "de", "la", "cirugía", ",", "la", "AV", "es", "0,6", ".", "La", "OCT", "revela", "buen", "perfil", "foveal", ",", "con", "resolución", "del", "edema", "macular", ".", "La", "AFG", "confirma", "el", "cierre", "de", "los", "vasos", "nutricios", ",", "la", "lesión", "presenta", "un", "aspecto", "cicatricial", ",", "y", "aunque", "capta", "desde", "tiempos", "precoces", ",", "no", "hay", "fuga", ",", "apreciándose", "vasos", "de", "suplencia", "en", "la", "periferia", "de", "la", "lesión", ".", "\n\n" ]	[ "NORMALIZABLES" ]
amino acid transporter PAT1 is a GENE-Y, slc36a1 is a GENE-Y, PAT1 is a GENE-Y, system IMINO is a GENE-N	16373326_task0	Sentence: Isolation and function of the amino acid transporter PAT1 (slc36a1) from rabbit and discrimination between transport via PAT1 and system IMINO in renal brush-border membrane vesicles. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y, GENE-N	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Isolation and function of the amino acid transporter PAT1 (slc36a1) from rabbit and discrimination between transport via PAT1 and system IMINO in renal brush-border membrane vesicles.	[ "Isolation", "and", "function", "of", "the", "amino", "acid", "transporter", "PAT1", "(", "slc36a1", ")", "from", "rabbit", "and", "discrimination", "between", "transport", "via", "PAT1", "and", "system", "IMINO", "in", "renal", "brush", "-", "border", "membrane", "vesicles", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
amino acid transporter PAT1 is a GENE-Y, slc36a1 is a GENE-Y, PAT1 is a GENE-Y, system IMINO is a GENE-N	16373326_task1	Sentence: Isolation and function of the amino acid transporter PAT1 (slc36a1) from rabbit and discrimination between transport via PAT1 and system IMINO in renal brush-border membrane vesicles. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: amino acid transporter PAT1, slc36a1, PAT1, system IMINO Options: GENE-Y, GENE-N	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Isolation and function of the amino acid transporter PAT1 (slc36a1) from rabbit and discrimination between transport via PAT1 and system IMINO in renal brush-border membrane vesicles.	[ "Isolation", "and", "function", "of", "the", "amino", "acid", "transporter", "PAT1", "(", "slc36a1", ")", "from", "rabbit", "and", "discrimination", "between", "transport", "via", "PAT1", "and", "system", "IMINO", "in", "renal", "brush", "-", "border", "membrane", "vesicles", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
amino acid transporter PAT1, slc36a1, PAT1, system IMINO	16373326_task2	Sentence: Isolation and function of the amino acid transporter PAT1 (slc36a1) from rabbit and discrimination between transport via PAT1 and system IMINO in renal brush-border membrane vesicles. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Isolation and function of the amino acid transporter PAT1 (slc36a1) from rabbit and discrimination between transport via PAT1 and system IMINO in renal brush-border membrane vesicles.	[ "Isolation", "and", "function", "of", "the", "amino", "acid", "transporter", "PAT1", "(", "slc36a1", ")", "from", "rabbit", "and", "discrimination", "between", "transport", "via", "PAT1", "and", "system", "IMINO", "in", "renal", "brush", "-", "border", "membrane", "vesicles", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
glucose is a compound, insulin is a protein, insulin is a protein	DS.d1377_task0	Sentence: Diabetes is characterized by elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) resulting from improper insulin regulation and/or insulin resistance. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O" ]	Diabetes is characterized by elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) resulting from improper insulin regulation and/or insulin resistance.	[ "Diabetes", "is", "characterized", "by", "elevated", "fasting", "blood", "glucose", "(", "FBG", ")", "resulting", "from", "improper", "insulin", "regulation", "and", "/", "or", "insulin", "resistance", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
glucose is a compound, insulin is a protein, insulin is a protein	DS.d1377_task1	Sentence: Diabetes is characterized by elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) resulting from improper insulin regulation and/or insulin resistance. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: glucose, insulin, insulin Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O" ]	Diabetes is characterized by elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) resulting from improper insulin regulation and/or insulin resistance.	[ "Diabetes", "is", "characterized", "by", "elevated", "fasting", "blood", "glucose", "(", "FBG", ")", "resulting", "from", "improper", "insulin", "regulation", "and", "/", "or", "insulin", "resistance", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
glucose, insulin, insulin	DS.d1377_task2	Sentence: Diabetes is characterized by elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) resulting from improper insulin regulation and/or insulin resistance. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O" ]	Diabetes is characterized by elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) resulting from improper insulin regulation and/or insulin resistance.	[ "Diabetes", "is", "characterized", "by", "elevated", "fasting", "blood", "glucose", "(", "FBG", ")", "resulting", "from", "improper", "insulin", "regulation", "and", "/", "or", "insulin", "resistance", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides is a CHEMICAL, SIRT1 is a GENE-Y, SIRT2 is a GENE-Y, SIRT3 is a GENE-Y	23570514_task0	Sentence: Discovery of Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides as Potent Inhibitors of SIRT1, SIRT2, and SIRT3. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O" ]	Discovery of Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides as Potent Inhibitors of SIRT1, SIRT2, and SIRT3.	[ "Discovery", "of", "Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides", "as", "Potent", "Inhibitors", "of", "SIRT1", ",", "SIRT2", ",", "and", "SIRT3", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]
Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides is a CHEMICAL, SIRT1 is a GENE-Y, SIRT2 is a GENE-Y, SIRT3 is a GENE-Y	23570514_task1	Sentence: Discovery of Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides as Potent Inhibitors of SIRT1, SIRT2, and SIRT3. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides, SIRT1, SIRT2, SIRT3 Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O" ]	Discovery of Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides as Potent Inhibitors of SIRT1, SIRT2, and SIRT3.	[ "Discovery", "of", "Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides", "as", "Potent", "Inhibitors", "of", "SIRT1", ",", "SIRT2", ",", "and", "SIRT3", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]
Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides, SIRT1, SIRT2, SIRT3	23570514_task2	Sentence: Discovery of Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides as Potent Inhibitors of SIRT1, SIRT2, and SIRT3. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O" ]	Discovery of Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides as Potent Inhibitors of SIRT1, SIRT2, and SIRT3.	[ "Discovery", "of", "Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides", "as", "Potent", "Inhibitors", "of", "SIRT1", ",", "SIRT2", ",", "and", "SIRT3", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]
speed is an umlsterm, sound is an umlsterm, ultrasound is an umlsterm, os calcis is an umlsterm, indicator is an umlsterm, osteoporosis is an umlsterm, ultrasound is an umlsterm, values is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, methods is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, Ohio is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, female is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, osteoporosis is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, Ultrasound is an umlsterm, values is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, osteoporosis is an umlsterm, control group is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, sensitivity is an umlsterm, specificity is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, Ultrasound is an umlsterm, bone is an umlsterm, densitometry is an umlsterm, os calcis is an umlsterm, screening is an umlsterm, test is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, osteoporosis is an umlsterm	DerRadiologe.60360058.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Purpose : We evaluated the speed of sound ( SOS ) and broadband ultrasound attenuation ( BUA ) at the os calcis as an indicator of osteoporosis and observed the age-related changes in ultrasound values in normal women . Materials and methods : BUA and SOS were measured in 236 women using the " Achilles " densitometer ( Lunar , Madison , Ohio ) . From the BUA and SOS values the BUA/SOS Index ( " Stiffness " Index ) is calculated . We investigated 55 female patients with osteoporosis ( aged 43-85 years ) and 181 healthy women ( aged 20-80 years ) . Results : Ultrasound values for women with osteoporosis were significantly lower than those for the normal control group . The Z-score compared with young normals was higher for the BUA/SOS Index ( -3 . 1 ) than for BUA ( -2 . 5 ) and SOS ( -3 . 0 ) . At a BUA/SOS Index of 68 the sensitivity was 85 % , and the specificity was 77 % for patients with osteoporotic fractures . We found a significant decline with age in SOS ( r = -0 . 55 ) , BUA ( r = -0 . 50 ) and BUA/SOS Index ( r = -0 . 57 ) . Conclusion : Ultrasound bone densitometry at the os calcis can be used as a screening test in the diagnosis of osteoporosis . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Purpose : We evaluated the speed of sound ( SOS ) and broadband ultrasound attenuation ( BUA ) at the os calcis as an indicator of osteoporosis and observed the age-related changes in ultrasound values in normal women . Materials and methods : BUA and SOS were measured in 236 women using the " Achilles " densitometer ( Lunar , Madison , Ohio ) . From the BUA and SOS values the BUA/SOS Index ( " Stiffness " Index ) is calculated . We investigated 55 female patients with osteoporosis ( aged 43-85 years ) and 181 healthy women ( aged 20-80 years ) . Results : Ultrasound values for women with osteoporosis were significantly lower than those for the normal control group . The Z-score compared with young normals was higher for the BUA/SOS Index ( -3 . 1 ) than for BUA ( -2 . 5 ) and SOS ( -3 . 0 ) . At a BUA/SOS Index of 68 the sensitivity was 85 % , and the specificity was 77 % for patients with osteoporotic fractures . We found a significant decline with age in SOS ( r = -0 . 55 ) , BUA ( r = -0 . 50 ) and BUA/SOS Index ( r = -0 . 57 ) . Conclusion : Ultrasound bone densitometry at the os calcis can be used as a screening test in the diagnosis of osteoporosis .	[ "Purpose", ":", "We", "evaluated", "the", "speed", "of", "sound", "(", "SOS", ")", "and", "broadband", "ultrasound", "attenuation", "(", "BUA", ")", "at", "the", "os", "calcis", "as", "an", "indicator", "of", "osteoporosis", "and", "observed", "the", "age", "-", "related", "changes", "in", "ultrasound", "values", "in", "normal", "women", ".", "Materials", "and", "methods", ":", "BUA", "and", "SOS", "were", "measured", "in", "236", "women", "using", "the", "\"", "Achilles", "\"", "densitometer", "(", "Lunar", ",", "Madison", ",", "Ohio", ")", ".", "From", "the", "BUA", "and", "SOS", "values", "the", "BUA", "/", "SOS", "Index", "(", "\"", "Stiffness", "\"", "Index", ")", "is", "calculated", ".", "We", "investigated", "55", "female", "patients", "with", "osteoporosis", "(", "aged", "43", "-", "85", "years", ")", "and", "181", "healthy", "women", "(", "aged", "20", "-", "80", "years", ")", ".", "Results", ":", "Ultrasound", "values", "for", "women", "with", "osteoporosis", "were", "significantly", "lower", "than", "those", "for", "the", "normal", "control", "group", ".", "The", "Z", "-", "score", "compared", "with", "young", "normals", "was", "higher", "for", "the", "BUA", "/", "SOS", "Index", "(", "-3", ".", "1", ")", "than", "for", "BUA", "(", "-2", ".", "5", ")", "and", "SOS", "(", "-3", ".", "0", ")", ".", "At", "a", "BUA", "/", "SOS", "Index", "of", "68", "the", "sensitivity", "was", "85", "%", ",", "and", "the", "specificity", "was", "77", "%", "for", "patients", "with", "osteoporotic", "fractures", ".", "We", "found", "a", "significant", "decline", "with", "age", "in", "SOS", "(", "r", "=", "-0", ".", "55", ")", ",", "BUA", "(", "r", "=", "-0", ".", "50", ")", "and", "BUA", "/", "SOS", "Index", "(", "r", "=", "-0", ".", "57", ")", ".", "Conclusion", ":", "Ultrasound", "bone", "densitometry", "at", "the", "os", "calcis", "can", "be", "used", "as", "a", "screening", "test", "in", "the", "diagnosis", "of", "osteoporosis", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
speed is an umlsterm, sound is an umlsterm, ultrasound is an umlsterm, os calcis is an umlsterm, indicator is an umlsterm, osteoporosis is an umlsterm, ultrasound is an umlsterm, values is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, methods is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, Ohio is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, female is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, osteoporosis is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, Ultrasound is an umlsterm, values is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, osteoporosis is an umlsterm, control group is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, sensitivity is an umlsterm, specificity is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, Ultrasound is an umlsterm, bone is an umlsterm, densitometry is an umlsterm, os calcis is an umlsterm, screening is an umlsterm, test is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, osteoporosis is an umlsterm	DerRadiologe.60360058.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Purpose : We evaluated the speed of sound ( SOS ) and broadband ultrasound attenuation ( BUA ) at the os calcis as an indicator of osteoporosis and observed the age-related changes in ultrasound values in normal women . Materials and methods : BUA and SOS were measured in 236 women using the " Achilles " densitometer ( Lunar , Madison , Ohio ) . From the BUA and SOS values the BUA/SOS Index ( " Stiffness " Index ) is calculated . We investigated 55 female patients with osteoporosis ( aged 43-85 years ) and 181 healthy women ( aged 20-80 years ) . Results : Ultrasound values for women with osteoporosis were significantly lower than those for the normal control group . The Z-score compared with young normals was higher for the BUA/SOS Index ( -3 . 1 ) than for BUA ( -2 . 5 ) and SOS ( -3 . 0 ) . At a BUA/SOS Index of 68 the sensitivity was 85 % , and the specificity was 77 % for patients with osteoporotic fractures . We found a significant decline with age in SOS ( r = -0 . 55 ) , BUA ( r = -0 . 50 ) and BUA/SOS Index ( r = -0 . 57 ) . Conclusion : Ultrasound bone densitometry at the os calcis can be used as a screening test in the diagnosis of osteoporosis . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: speed, sound, ultrasound, os calcis, indicator, osteoporosis, ultrasound, values, women, methods, women, Ohio, Index, Index, female, patients, osteoporosis, women, Ultrasound, values, women, osteoporosis, control group, Index, Index, sensitivity, specificity, patients, fractures, age, Index, Ultrasound, bone, densitometry, os calcis, screening, test, diagnosis, osteoporosis Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Purpose : We evaluated the speed of sound ( SOS ) and broadband ultrasound attenuation ( BUA ) at the os calcis as an indicator of osteoporosis and observed the age-related changes in ultrasound values in normal women . Materials and methods : BUA and SOS were measured in 236 women using the " Achilles " densitometer ( Lunar , Madison , Ohio ) . From the BUA and SOS values the BUA/SOS Index ( " Stiffness " Index ) is calculated . We investigated 55 female patients with osteoporosis ( aged 43-85 years ) and 181 healthy women ( aged 20-80 years ) . Results : Ultrasound values for women with osteoporosis were significantly lower than those for the normal control group . The Z-score compared with young normals was higher for the BUA/SOS Index ( -3 . 1 ) than for BUA ( -2 . 5 ) and SOS ( -3 . 0 ) . At a BUA/SOS Index of 68 the sensitivity was 85 % , and the specificity was 77 % for patients with osteoporotic fractures . We found a significant decline with age in SOS ( r = -0 . 55 ) , BUA ( r = -0 . 50 ) and BUA/SOS Index ( r = -0 . 57 ) . Conclusion : Ultrasound bone densitometry at the os calcis can be used as a screening test in the diagnosis of osteoporosis .	[ "Purpose", ":", "We", "evaluated", "the", "speed", "of", "sound", "(", "SOS", ")", "and", "broadband", "ultrasound", "attenuation", "(", "BUA", ")", "at", "the", "os", "calcis", "as", "an", "indicator", "of", "osteoporosis", "and", "observed", "the", "age", "-", "related", "changes", "in", "ultrasound", "values", "in", "normal", "women", ".", "Materials", "and", "methods", ":", "BUA", "and", "SOS", "were", "measured", "in", "236", "women", "using", "the", "\"", "Achilles", "\"", "densitometer", "(", "Lunar", ",", "Madison", ",", "Ohio", ")", ".", "From", "the", "BUA", "and", "SOS", "values", "the", "BUA", "/", "SOS", "Index", "(", "\"", "Stiffness", "\"", "Index", ")", "is", "calculated", ".", "We", "investigated", "55", "female", "patients", "with", "osteoporosis", "(", "aged", "43", "-", "85", "years", ")", "and", "181", "healthy", "women", "(", "aged", "20", "-", "80", "years", ")", ".", "Results", ":", "Ultrasound", "values", "for", "women", "with", "osteoporosis", "were", "significantly", "lower", "than", "those", "for", "the", "normal", "control", "group", ".", "The", "Z", "-", "score", "compared", "with", "young", "normals", "was", "higher", "for", "the", "BUA", "/", "SOS", "Index", "(", "-3", ".", "1", ")", "than", "for", "BUA", "(", "-2", ".", "5", ")", "and", "SOS", "(", "-3", ".", "0", ")", ".", "At", "a", "BUA", "/", "SOS", "Index", "of", "68", "the", "sensitivity", "was", "85", "%", ",", "and", "the", "specificity", "was", "77", "%", "for", "patients", "with", "osteoporotic", "fractures", ".", "We", "found", "a", "significant", "decline", "with", "age", "in", "SOS", "(", "r", "=", "-0", ".", "55", ")", ",", "BUA", "(", "r", "=", "-0", ".", "50", ")", "and", "BUA", "/", "SOS", "Index", "(", "r", "=", "-0", ".", "57", ")", ".", "Conclusion", ":", "Ultrasound", "bone", "densitometry", "at", "the", "os", "calcis", "can", "be", "used", "as", "a", "screening", "test", "in", "the", "diagnosis", "of", "osteoporosis", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
speed, sound, ultrasound, os calcis, indicator, osteoporosis, ultrasound, values, women, methods, women, Ohio, Index, Index, female, patients, osteoporosis, women, Ultrasound, values, women, osteoporosis, control group, Index, Index, sensitivity, specificity, patients, fractures, age, Index, Ultrasound, bone, densitometry, os calcis, screening, test, diagnosis, osteoporosis	DerRadiologe.60360058.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Purpose : We evaluated the speed of sound ( SOS ) and broadband ultrasound attenuation ( BUA ) at the os calcis as an indicator of osteoporosis and observed the age-related changes in ultrasound values in normal women . Materials and methods : BUA and SOS were measured in 236 women using the " Achilles " densitometer ( Lunar , Madison , Ohio ) . From the BUA and SOS values the BUA/SOS Index ( " Stiffness " Index ) is calculated . We investigated 55 female patients with osteoporosis ( aged 43-85 years ) and 181 healthy women ( aged 20-80 years ) . Results : Ultrasound values for women with osteoporosis were significantly lower than those for the normal control group . The Z-score compared with young normals was higher for the BUA/SOS Index ( -3 . 1 ) than for BUA ( -2 . 5 ) and SOS ( -3 . 0 ) . At a BUA/SOS Index of 68 the sensitivity was 85 % , and the specificity was 77 % for patients with osteoporotic fractures . We found a significant decline with age in SOS ( r = -0 . 55 ) , BUA ( r = -0 . 50 ) and BUA/SOS Index ( r = -0 . 57 ) . Conclusion : Ultrasound bone densitometry at the os calcis can be used as a screening test in the diagnosis of osteoporosis . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Purpose : We evaluated the speed of sound ( SOS ) and broadband ultrasound attenuation ( BUA ) at the os calcis as an indicator of osteoporosis and observed the age-related changes in ultrasound values in normal women . Materials and methods : BUA and SOS were measured in 236 women using the " Achilles " densitometer ( Lunar , Madison , Ohio ) . From the BUA and SOS values the BUA/SOS Index ( " Stiffness " Index ) is calculated . We investigated 55 female patients with osteoporosis ( aged 43-85 years ) and 181 healthy women ( aged 20-80 years ) . Results : Ultrasound values for women with osteoporosis were significantly lower than those for the normal control group . The Z-score compared with young normals was higher for the BUA/SOS Index ( -3 . 1 ) than for BUA ( -2 . 5 ) and SOS ( -3 . 0 ) . At a BUA/SOS Index of 68 the sensitivity was 85 % , and the specificity was 77 % for patients with osteoporotic fractures . We found a significant decline with age in SOS ( r = -0 . 55 ) , BUA ( r = -0 . 50 ) and BUA/SOS Index ( r = -0 . 57 ) . Conclusion : Ultrasound bone densitometry at the os calcis can be used as a screening test in the diagnosis of osteoporosis .	[ "Purpose", ":", "We", "evaluated", "the", "speed", "of", "sound", "(", "SOS", ")", "and", "broadband", "ultrasound", "attenuation", "(", "BUA", ")", "at", "the", "os", "calcis", "as", "an", "indicator", "of", "osteoporosis", "and", "observed", "the", "age", "-", "related", "changes", "in", "ultrasound", "values", "in", "normal", "women", ".", "Materials", "and", "methods", ":", "BUA", "and", "SOS", "were", "measured", "in", "236", "women", "using", "the", "\"", "Achilles", "\"", "densitometer", "(", "Lunar", ",", "Madison", ",", "Ohio", ")", ".", "From", "the", "BUA", "and", "SOS", "values", "the", "BUA", "/", "SOS", "Index", "(", "\"", "Stiffness", "\"", "Index", ")", "is", "calculated", ".", "We", "investigated", "55", "female", "patients", "with", "osteoporosis", "(", "aged", "43", "-", "85", "years", ")", "and", "181", "healthy", "women", "(", "aged", "20", "-", "80", "years", ")", ".", "Results", ":", "Ultrasound", "values", "for", "women", "with", "osteoporosis", "were", "significantly", "lower", "than", "those", "for", "the", "normal", "control", "group", ".", "The", "Z", "-", "score", "compared", "with", "young", "normals", "was", "higher", "for", "the", "BUA", "/", "SOS", "Index", "(", "-3", ".", "1", ")", "than", "for", "BUA", "(", "-2", ".", "5", ")", "and", "SOS", "(", "-3", ".", "0", ")", ".", "At", "a", "BUA", "/", "SOS", "Index", "of", "68", "the", "sensitivity", "was", "85", "%", ",", "and", "the", "specificity", "was", "77", "%", "for", "patients", "with", "osteoporotic", "fractures", ".", "We", "found", "a", "significant", "decline", "with", "age", "in", "SOS", "(", "r", "=", "-0", ".", "55", ")", ",", "BUA", "(", "r", "=", "-0", ".", "50", ")", "and", "BUA", "/", "SOS", "Index", "(", "r", "=", "-0", ".", "57", ")", ".", "Conclusion", ":", "Ultrasound", "bone", "densitometry", "at", "the", "os", "calcis", "can", "be", "used", "as", "a", "screening", "test", "in", "the", "diagnosis", "of", "osteoporosis", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
nelfinavir is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, nelfinavir is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, nelfinavir is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, Azithromycin is a DRUG, warfarin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, warfarin is a DRUG, macrolides is a GROUP, warfarin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, atorvastatin is a DRUG, carbamazepine is a DRUG, cetirizine is a DRUG, didanosine is a DRUG, efavirenz is a DRUG, fluconazole is a DRUG, indinavir is a DRUG, midazolam is a DRUG, rifabutin is a DRUG, sildenafil is a DRUG, theophylline is a DRUG, triazolam is a DRUG, trimethoprim is a DRUG, sulfamethoxazole is a DRUG, zidovudine is a DRUG, efavirenz is a DRUG, fluconazole is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, macrolide products is a GROUP, azithromycin is a DRUG, Digoxin is a DRUG, digoxin is a DRUG, Ergotamine is a DRUG, dihydroergotamine is a DRUG, Cyclosporine is a DRUG, hexobarbital is a DRUG, phenytoin is a DRUG, Zmax is a BRAND	Azithromycin_ddi_task0	Sentence: Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin. Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin (2 x 600 mg tablets) results in increased azithromycin serum concentrations. Although a dose adjustment of azithromycin is not recommended when administered in combination with nelfinavir, close monitoring for known side effects of azithromycin, such as liver enzyme abnormalities and hearing impairment, is warranted. Azithromycin did not affect the prothrombin time response to a single dose of warfarin. However, prudent medical practice dictates careful monitoring of prothrombin time in all patients treated with azithromycin and warfarin concomitantly. Concurrent use of macrolides and warfarin in clinical practice has been associated with increased anticoagulant effects. Drug interaction studies were performed with azithromycin and other drugs likely to be co-administered. When used in therapeutic doses, azithromycin had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin, carbamazepine, cetirizine, didanosine, efavirenz, fluconazole, indinavir, midazolam, rifabutin, sildenafil, theophylline (intravenous and oral), triazolam, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or zidovudine. Co-administration with efavirenz or fluconazole had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of azithromycin. No dosage adjustment of either drug is recommended when azithromycin is co administered with any of the above agents. Interactions with the drugs listed below have not been reported in clinical trials with azithromycin; however, no specific drug interaction studies have been performed to evaluate potential drug-drug interaction. Nonetheless, they have been observed with macrolide products. Until further data are developed regarding drug interactions when azithromycin and these drugs are used concomitantly, careful monitoring of patients is advised: Digoxin elevated digoxin concentrations. Ergotamine or dihydroergotamine acute ergot toxicity characterized by severe peripheral vasospasm and dysesthesia. Cyclosporine, hexobarbital and phenytoin concentrations. Laboratory Test Interactions There are no reported laboratory test interactions. Repeat Treatment Studies evaluating the use of repeated courses of Zmax have not been conducted. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GROUP, BRAND, DRUG	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GROUP", "I-GROUP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-BRAND", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin. Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin (2 x 600 mg tablets) results in increased azithromycin serum concentrations. Although a dose adjustment of azithromycin is not recommended when administered in combination with nelfinavir, close monitoring for known side effects of azithromycin, such as liver enzyme abnormalities and hearing impairment, is warranted. Azithromycin did not affect the prothrombin time response to a single dose of warfarin. However, prudent medical practice dictates careful monitoring of prothrombin time in all patients treated with azithromycin and warfarin concomitantly. Concurrent use of macrolides and warfarin in clinical practice has been associated with increased anticoagulant effects. Drug interaction studies were performed with azithromycin and other drugs likely to be co-administered. When used in therapeutic doses, azithromycin had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin, carbamazepine, cetirizine, didanosine, efavirenz, fluconazole, indinavir, midazolam, rifabutin, sildenafil, theophylline (intravenous and oral), triazolam, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or zidovudine. Co-administration with efavirenz or fluconazole had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of azithromycin. No dosage adjustment of either drug is recommended when azithromycin is co administered with any of the above agents. Interactions with the drugs listed below have not been reported in clinical trials with azithromycin; however, no specific drug interaction studies have been performed to evaluate potential drug-drug interaction. Nonetheless, they have been observed with macrolide products. Until further data are developed regarding drug interactions when azithromycin and these drugs are used concomitantly, careful monitoring of patients is advised: Digoxin elevated digoxin concentrations. Ergotamine or dihydroergotamine acute ergot toxicity characterized by severe peripheral vasospasm and dysesthesia. Cyclosporine, hexobarbital and phenytoin concentrations. Laboratory Test Interactions There are no reported laboratory test interactions. Repeat Treatment Studies evaluating the use of repeated courses of Zmax have not been conducted.	[ "Co", "-", "administration", "of", "nelfinavir", "at", "steady", "-", "state", "with", "a", "single", "dose", "of", "azithromycin", ".", "Co", "-", "administration", "of", "nelfinavir", "at", "steady", "-", "state", "with", "a", "single", "dose", "of", "azithromycin", "(", "2", "x", "600", "mg", "tablets", ")", "results", "in", "increased", "azithromycin", "serum", "concentrations", ".", "Although", "a", "dose", "adjustment", "of", "azithromycin", "is", "not", "recommended", "when", "administered", "in", "combination", "with", "nelfinavir", ",", "close", "monitoring", "for", "known", "side", "effects", "of", "azithromycin", ",", "such", "as", "liver", "enzyme", "abnormalities", "and", "hearing", "impairment", ",", "is", "warranted", ".", "Azithromycin", "did", "not", "affect", "the", "prothrombin", "time", "response", "to", "a", "single", "dose", "of", "warfarin", ".", "However", ",", "prudent", "medical", "practice", "dictates", "careful", "monitoring", "of", "prothrombin", "time", "in", "all", "patients", "treated", "with", "azithromycin", "and", "warfarin", "concomitantly", ".", "Concurrent", "use", "of", "macrolides", "and", "warfarin", "in", "clinical", "practice", "has", "been", "associated", "with", "increased", "anticoagulant", "effects", ".", "Drug", "interaction", "studies", "were", "performed", "with", "azithromycin", "and", "other", "drugs", "likely", "to", "be", "co", "-", "administered", ".", "When", "used", "in", "therapeutic", "doses", ",", "azithromycin", "had", "a", "modest", "effect", "on", "the", "pharmacokinetics", "of", "atorvastatin", ",", "carbamazepine", ",", "cetirizine", ",", "didanosine", ",", "efavirenz", ",", "fluconazole", ",", "indinavir", ",", "midazolam", ",", "rifabutin", ",", "sildenafil", ",", "theophylline", "(", "intravenous", "and", "oral", ")", ",", "triazolam", ",", "trimethoprim", "/", "sulfamethoxazole", "or", "zidovudine", ".", "Co", "-", "administration", "with", "efavirenz", "or", "fluconazole", "had", "a", "modest", "effect", "on", "the", "pharmacokinetics", "of", "azithromycin", ".", "No", "dosage", "adjustment", "of", "either", "drug", "is", "recommended", "when", "azithromycin", "is", "co", "administered", "with", "any", "of", "the", "above", "agents", ".", "Interactions", "with", "the", "drugs", "listed", "below", "have", "not", "been", "reported", "in", "clinical", "trials", "with", "azithromycin", ";", "however", ",", "no", "specific", "drug", "interaction", "studies", "have", "been", "performed", "to", "evaluate", "potential", "drug", "-", "drug", "interaction", ".", "Nonetheless", ",", "they", "have", "been", "observed", "with", "macrolide", "products", ".", "Until", "further", "data", "are", "developed", "regarding", "drug", "interactions", "when", "azithromycin", "and", "these", "drugs", "are", "used", "concomitantly", ",", "careful", "monitoring", "of", "patients", "is", "advised", ":", "Digoxin", "elevated", "digoxin", "concentrations", ".", "Ergotamine", "or", "dihydroergotamine", "acute", "ergot", "toxicity", "characterized", "by", "severe", "peripheral", "vasospasm", "and", "dysesthesia", ".", "Cyclosporine", ",", "hexobarbital", "and", "phenytoin", "concentrations", ".", "Laboratory", "Test", "Interactions", "There", "are", "no", "reported", "laboratory", "test", "interactions", ".", "Repeat", "Treatment", "Studies", "evaluating", "the", "use", "of", "repeated", "courses", "of", "Zmax", "have", "not", "been", "conducted", "." ]	[ "GROUP", "DRUG", "BRAND" ]
nelfinavir is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, nelfinavir is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, nelfinavir is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, Azithromycin is a DRUG, warfarin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, warfarin is a DRUG, macrolides is a GROUP, warfarin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, atorvastatin is a DRUG, carbamazepine is a DRUG, cetirizine is a DRUG, didanosine is a DRUG, efavirenz is a DRUG, fluconazole is a DRUG, indinavir is a DRUG, midazolam is a DRUG, rifabutin is a DRUG, sildenafil is a DRUG, theophylline is a DRUG, triazolam is a DRUG, trimethoprim is a DRUG, sulfamethoxazole is a DRUG, zidovudine is a DRUG, efavirenz is a DRUG, fluconazole is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, macrolide products is a GROUP, azithromycin is a DRUG, Digoxin is a DRUG, digoxin is a DRUG, Ergotamine is a DRUG, dihydroergotamine is a DRUG, Cyclosporine is a DRUG, hexobarbital is a DRUG, phenytoin is a DRUG, Zmax is a BRAND	Azithromycin_ddi_task1	Sentence: Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin. Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin (2 x 600 mg tablets) results in increased azithromycin serum concentrations. Although a dose adjustment of azithromycin is not recommended when administered in combination with nelfinavir, close monitoring for known side effects of azithromycin, such as liver enzyme abnormalities and hearing impairment, is warranted. Azithromycin did not affect the prothrombin time response to a single dose of warfarin. However, prudent medical practice dictates careful monitoring of prothrombin time in all patients treated with azithromycin and warfarin concomitantly. Concurrent use of macrolides and warfarin in clinical practice has been associated with increased anticoagulant effects. Drug interaction studies were performed with azithromycin and other drugs likely to be co-administered. When used in therapeutic doses, azithromycin had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin, carbamazepine, cetirizine, didanosine, efavirenz, fluconazole, indinavir, midazolam, rifabutin, sildenafil, theophylline (intravenous and oral), triazolam, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or zidovudine. Co-administration with efavirenz or fluconazole had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of azithromycin. No dosage adjustment of either drug is recommended when azithromycin is co administered with any of the above agents. Interactions with the drugs listed below have not been reported in clinical trials with azithromycin; however, no specific drug interaction studies have been performed to evaluate potential drug-drug interaction. Nonetheless, they have been observed with macrolide products. Until further data are developed regarding drug interactions when azithromycin and these drugs are used concomitantly, careful monitoring of patients is advised: Digoxin elevated digoxin concentrations. Ergotamine or dihydroergotamine acute ergot toxicity characterized by severe peripheral vasospasm and dysesthesia. Cyclosporine, hexobarbital and phenytoin concentrations. Laboratory Test Interactions There are no reported laboratory test interactions. Repeat Treatment Studies evaluating the use of repeated courses of Zmax have not been conducted. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: nelfinavir, azithromycin, nelfinavir, azithromycin, azithromycin, azithromycin, nelfinavir, azithromycin, Azithromycin, warfarin, azithromycin, warfarin, macrolides, warfarin, azithromycin, azithromycin, atorvastatin, carbamazepine, cetirizine, didanosine, efavirenz, fluconazole, indinavir, midazolam, rifabutin, sildenafil, theophylline, triazolam, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, zidovudine, efavirenz, fluconazole, azithromycin, azithromycin, azithromycin, macrolide products, azithromycin, Digoxin, digoxin, Ergotamine, dihydroergotamine, Cyclosporine, hexobarbital, phenytoin, Zmax Options: GROUP, BRAND, DRUG	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GROUP", "I-GROUP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-BRAND", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin. Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin (2 x 600 mg tablets) results in increased azithromycin serum concentrations. Although a dose adjustment of azithromycin is not recommended when administered in combination with nelfinavir, close monitoring for known side effects of azithromycin, such as liver enzyme abnormalities and hearing impairment, is warranted. Azithromycin did not affect the prothrombin time response to a single dose of warfarin. However, prudent medical practice dictates careful monitoring of prothrombin time in all patients treated with azithromycin and warfarin concomitantly. Concurrent use of macrolides and warfarin in clinical practice has been associated with increased anticoagulant effects. Drug interaction studies were performed with azithromycin and other drugs likely to be co-administered. When used in therapeutic doses, azithromycin had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin, carbamazepine, cetirizine, didanosine, efavirenz, fluconazole, indinavir, midazolam, rifabutin, sildenafil, theophylline (intravenous and oral), triazolam, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or zidovudine. Co-administration with efavirenz or fluconazole had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of azithromycin. No dosage adjustment of either drug is recommended when azithromycin is co administered with any of the above agents. Interactions with the drugs listed below have not been reported in clinical trials with azithromycin; however, no specific drug interaction studies have been performed to evaluate potential drug-drug interaction. Nonetheless, they have been observed with macrolide products. Until further data are developed regarding drug interactions when azithromycin and these drugs are used concomitantly, careful monitoring of patients is advised: Digoxin elevated digoxin concentrations. Ergotamine or dihydroergotamine acute ergot toxicity characterized by severe peripheral vasospasm and dysesthesia. Cyclosporine, hexobarbital and phenytoin concentrations. Laboratory Test Interactions There are no reported laboratory test interactions. Repeat Treatment Studies evaluating the use of repeated courses of Zmax have not been conducted.	[ "Co", "-", "administration", "of", "nelfinavir", "at", "steady", "-", "state", "with", "a", "single", "dose", "of", "azithromycin", ".", "Co", "-", "administration", "of", "nelfinavir", "at", "steady", "-", "state", "with", "a", "single", "dose", "of", "azithromycin", "(", "2", "x", "600", "mg", "tablets", ")", "results", "in", "increased", "azithromycin", "serum", "concentrations", ".", "Although", "a", "dose", "adjustment", "of", "azithromycin", "is", "not", "recommended", "when", "administered", "in", "combination", "with", "nelfinavir", ",", "close", "monitoring", "for", "known", "side", "effects", "of", "azithromycin", ",", "such", "as", "liver", "enzyme", "abnormalities", "and", "hearing", "impairment", ",", "is", "warranted", ".", "Azithromycin", "did", "not", "affect", "the", "prothrombin", "time", "response", "to", "a", "single", "dose", "of", "warfarin", ".", "However", ",", "prudent", "medical", "practice", "dictates", "careful", "monitoring", "of", "prothrombin", "time", "in", "all", "patients", "treated", "with", "azithromycin", "and", "warfarin", "concomitantly", ".", "Concurrent", "use", "of", "macrolides", "and", "warfarin", "in", "clinical", "practice", "has", "been", "associated", "with", "increased", "anticoagulant", "effects", ".", "Drug", "interaction", "studies", "were", "performed", "with", "azithromycin", "and", "other", "drugs", "likely", "to", "be", "co", "-", "administered", ".", "When", "used", "in", "therapeutic", "doses", ",", "azithromycin", "had", "a", "modest", "effect", "on", "the", "pharmacokinetics", "of", "atorvastatin", ",", "carbamazepine", ",", "cetirizine", ",", "didanosine", ",", "efavirenz", ",", "fluconazole", ",", "indinavir", ",", "midazolam", ",", "rifabutin", ",", "sildenafil", ",", "theophylline", "(", "intravenous", "and", "oral", ")", ",", "triazolam", ",", "trimethoprim", "/", "sulfamethoxazole", "or", "zidovudine", ".", "Co", "-", "administration", "with", "efavirenz", "or", "fluconazole", "had", "a", "modest", "effect", "on", "the", "pharmacokinetics", "of", "azithromycin", ".", "No", "dosage", "adjustment", "of", "either", "drug", "is", "recommended", "when", "azithromycin", "is", "co", "administered", "with", "any", "of", "the", "above", "agents", ".", "Interactions", "with", "the", "drugs", "listed", "below", "have", "not", "been", "reported", "in", "clinical", "trials", "with", "azithromycin", ";", "however", ",", "no", "specific", "drug", "interaction", "studies", "have", "been", "performed", "to", "evaluate", "potential", "drug", "-", "drug", "interaction", ".", "Nonetheless", ",", "they", "have", "been", "observed", "with", "macrolide", "products", ".", "Until", "further", "data", "are", "developed", "regarding", "drug", "interactions", "when", "azithromycin", "and", "these", "drugs", "are", "used", "concomitantly", ",", "careful", "monitoring", "of", "patients", "is", "advised", ":", "Digoxin", "elevated", "digoxin", "concentrations", ".", "Ergotamine", "or", "dihydroergotamine", "acute", "ergot", "toxicity", "characterized", "by", "severe", "peripheral", "vasospasm", "and", "dysesthesia", ".", "Cyclosporine", ",", "hexobarbital", "and", "phenytoin", "concentrations", ".", "Laboratory", "Test", "Interactions", "There", "are", "no", "reported", "laboratory", "test", "interactions", ".", "Repeat", "Treatment", "Studies", "evaluating", "the", "use", "of", "repeated", "courses", "of", "Zmax", "have", "not", "been", "conducted", "." ]	[ "GROUP", "DRUG", "BRAND" ]
nelfinavir, azithromycin, nelfinavir, azithromycin, azithromycin, azithromycin, nelfinavir, azithromycin, Azithromycin, warfarin, azithromycin, warfarin, macrolides, warfarin, azithromycin, azithromycin, atorvastatin, carbamazepine, cetirizine, didanosine, efavirenz, fluconazole, indinavir, midazolam, rifabutin, sildenafil, theophylline, triazolam, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, zidovudine, efavirenz, fluconazole, azithromycin, azithromycin, azithromycin, macrolide products, azithromycin, Digoxin, digoxin, Ergotamine, dihydroergotamine, Cyclosporine, hexobarbital, phenytoin, Zmax	Azithromycin_ddi_task2	Sentence: Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin. Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin (2 x 600 mg tablets) results in increased azithromycin serum concentrations. Although a dose adjustment of azithromycin is not recommended when administered in combination with nelfinavir, close monitoring for known side effects of azithromycin, such as liver enzyme abnormalities and hearing impairment, is warranted. Azithromycin did not affect the prothrombin time response to a single dose of warfarin. However, prudent medical practice dictates careful monitoring of prothrombin time in all patients treated with azithromycin and warfarin concomitantly. Concurrent use of macrolides and warfarin in clinical practice has been associated with increased anticoagulant effects. Drug interaction studies were performed with azithromycin and other drugs likely to be co-administered. When used in therapeutic doses, azithromycin had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin, carbamazepine, cetirizine, didanosine, efavirenz, fluconazole, indinavir, midazolam, rifabutin, sildenafil, theophylline (intravenous and oral), triazolam, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or zidovudine. Co-administration with efavirenz or fluconazole had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of azithromycin. No dosage adjustment of either drug is recommended when azithromycin is co administered with any of the above agents. Interactions with the drugs listed below have not been reported in clinical trials with azithromycin; however, no specific drug interaction studies have been performed to evaluate potential drug-drug interaction. Nonetheless, they have been observed with macrolide products. Until further data are developed regarding drug interactions when azithromycin and these drugs are used concomitantly, careful monitoring of patients is advised: Digoxin elevated digoxin concentrations. Ergotamine or dihydroergotamine acute ergot toxicity characterized by severe peripheral vasospasm and dysesthesia. Cyclosporine, hexobarbital and phenytoin concentrations. Laboratory Test Interactions There are no reported laboratory test interactions. Repeat Treatment Studies evaluating the use of repeated courses of Zmax have not been conducted. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GROUP", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GROUP", "I-GROUP", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "B-DRUG", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-BRAND", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin. Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin (2 x 600 mg tablets) results in increased azithromycin serum concentrations. Although a dose adjustment of azithromycin is not recommended when administered in combination with nelfinavir, close monitoring for known side effects of azithromycin, such as liver enzyme abnormalities and hearing impairment, is warranted. Azithromycin did not affect the prothrombin time response to a single dose of warfarin. However, prudent medical practice dictates careful monitoring of prothrombin time in all patients treated with azithromycin and warfarin concomitantly. Concurrent use of macrolides and warfarin in clinical practice has been associated with increased anticoagulant effects. Drug interaction studies were performed with azithromycin and other drugs likely to be co-administered. When used in therapeutic doses, azithromycin had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin, carbamazepine, cetirizine, didanosine, efavirenz, fluconazole, indinavir, midazolam, rifabutin, sildenafil, theophylline (intravenous and oral), triazolam, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or zidovudine. Co-administration with efavirenz or fluconazole had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of azithromycin. No dosage adjustment of either drug is recommended when azithromycin is co administered with any of the above agents. Interactions with the drugs listed below have not been reported in clinical trials with azithromycin; however, no specific drug interaction studies have been performed to evaluate potential drug-drug interaction. Nonetheless, they have been observed with macrolide products. Until further data are developed regarding drug interactions when azithromycin and these drugs are used concomitantly, careful monitoring of patients is advised: Digoxin elevated digoxin concentrations. Ergotamine or dihydroergotamine acute ergot toxicity characterized by severe peripheral vasospasm and dysesthesia. Cyclosporine, hexobarbital and phenytoin concentrations. Laboratory Test Interactions There are no reported laboratory test interactions. Repeat Treatment Studies evaluating the use of repeated courses of Zmax have not been conducted.	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APC resistance is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, thrombophilia is an umlsterm, Europe is an umlsterm, North America is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, APC resistance is an umlsterm, single is an umlsterm, point mutation is an umlsterm, factor V is an umlsterm, gene is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm, venous thrombosis is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, risk is an umlsterm, history is an umlsterm, thrombosis is an umlsterm, coagulation is an umlsterm, determination is an umlsterm, APC is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, APC resistance is an umlsterm, thrombosis is an umlsterm, prophylaxis is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, anticoagulation is an umlsterm, risk is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, time is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm	Gefaesschirurgie.80030180.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: APC resistance was first discovered in 1993. It is the most frequent cause of thrombophilia in Europe and North America . In more than 90% of cases , the underlying cause of APC resistance is a single point mutation in the factor V gene . Heterozygous patients have a between five- and ten-fold higher risk of developing venous thrombosis , while in homozygous patients the risk is increased up to between 50- and 100-fold . Where there is a previous history of thrombosis , a careful investigation of the coagulation system , in particular a determination of the APC ratio , is recommended prior to surgery . In patients with APC resistance , a body-weight-specific thrombosis prophylaxis with heparin is recommended . Heterozygous patients only need anticoagulation when additional risk conditions are present , while homozygous patients with thromboembolic disease should be anticoagulated over a long period of time . Primary varicosis of the saphenous system should be treated promptly by surgery to minimize the additional risk of thrombotic complications . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	APC resistance was first discovered in 1993. It is the most frequent cause of thrombophilia in Europe and North America . In more than 90% of cases , the underlying cause of APC resistance is a single point mutation in the factor V gene . Heterozygous patients have a between five- and ten-fold higher risk of developing venous thrombosis , while in homozygous patients the risk is increased up to between 50- and 100-fold . Where there is a previous history of thrombosis , a careful investigation of the coagulation system , in particular a determination of the APC ratio , is recommended prior to surgery . In patients with APC resistance , a body-weight-specific thrombosis prophylaxis with heparin is recommended . Heterozygous patients only need anticoagulation when additional risk conditions are present , while homozygous patients with thromboembolic disease should be anticoagulated over a long period of time . Primary varicosis of the saphenous system should be treated promptly by surgery to minimize the additional risk of thrombotic complications .	[ "APC", "resistance", "was", "first", "discovered", "in", "1993", ".", "It", "is", "the", "most", "frequent", "cause", "of", "thrombophilia", "in", "Europe", "and", "North", "America", ".", "In", "more", "than", "90", "%", "of", "cases", ",", "the", "underlying", "cause", "of", "APC", "resistance", "is", "a", "single", "point", "mutation", "in", "the", "factor", "V", "gene", ".", "Heterozygous", "patients", "have", "a", "between", "five-", "and", "ten", "-", "fold", "higher", "risk", "of", "developing", "venous", "thrombosis", ",", "while", "in", "homozygous", "patients", "the", "risk", "is", "increased", "up", "to", "between", "50-", "and", "100-fold", ".", "Where", "there", "is", "a", "previous", "history", "of", "thrombosis", ",", "a", "careful", "investigation", "of", "the", "coagulation", "system", ",", "in", "particular", "a", "determination", "of", "the", "APC", "ratio", ",", "is", "recommended", "prior", "to", "surgery", ".", "In", "patients", "with", "APC", "resistance", ",", "a", "body", "-", "weight", "-", "specific", "thrombosis", "prophylaxis", "with", "heparin", "is", "recommended", ".", "Heterozygous", "patients", "only", "need", "anticoagulation", "when", "additional", "risk", "conditions", "are", "present", ",", "while", "homozygous", "patients", "with", "thromboembolic", "disease", "should", "be", "anticoagulated", "over", "a", "long", "period", "of", "time", ".", "Primary", "varicosis", "of", "the", "saphenous", "system", "should", "be", "treated", "promptly", "by", "surgery", "to", "minimize", "the", "additional", "risk", "of", "thrombotic", "complications", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
APC resistance is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, thrombophilia is an umlsterm, Europe is an umlsterm, North America is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, APC resistance is an umlsterm, single is an umlsterm, point mutation is an umlsterm, factor V is an umlsterm, gene is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm, venous thrombosis is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, risk is an umlsterm, history is an umlsterm, thrombosis is an umlsterm, coagulation is an umlsterm, determination is an umlsterm, APC is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, APC resistance is an umlsterm, thrombosis is an umlsterm, prophylaxis is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, anticoagulation is an umlsterm, risk is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, time is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm	Gefaesschirurgie.80030180.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: APC resistance was first discovered in 1993. It is the most frequent cause of thrombophilia in Europe and North America . In more than 90% of cases , the underlying cause of APC resistance is a single point mutation in the factor V gene . Heterozygous patients have a between five- and ten-fold higher risk of developing venous thrombosis , while in homozygous patients the risk is increased up to between 50- and 100-fold . Where there is a previous history of thrombosis , a careful investigation of the coagulation system , in particular a determination of the APC ratio , is recommended prior to surgery . In patients with APC resistance , a body-weight-specific thrombosis prophylaxis with heparin is recommended . Heterozygous patients only need anticoagulation when additional risk conditions are present , while homozygous patients with thromboembolic disease should be anticoagulated over a long period of time . Primary varicosis of the saphenous system should be treated promptly by surgery to minimize the additional risk of thrombotic complications . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: APC resistance, cause, thrombophilia, Europe, North America, cause, APC resistance, single, point mutation, factor V, gene, patients, risk of, venous thrombosis, patients, risk, history, thrombosis, coagulation, determination, APC, surgery, patients, APC resistance, thrombosis, prophylaxis, heparin, patients, anticoagulation, risk, patients, disease, period, time, surgery, risk of, complications Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	APC resistance was first discovered in 1993. It is the most frequent cause of thrombophilia in Europe and North America . In more than 90% of cases , the underlying cause of APC resistance is a single point mutation in the factor V gene . Heterozygous patients have a between five- and ten-fold higher risk of developing venous thrombosis , while in homozygous patients the risk is increased up to between 50- and 100-fold . Where there is a previous history of thrombosis , a careful investigation of the coagulation system , in particular a determination of the APC ratio , is recommended prior to surgery . In patients with APC resistance , a body-weight-specific thrombosis prophylaxis with heparin is recommended . Heterozygous patients only need anticoagulation when additional risk conditions are present , while homozygous patients with thromboembolic disease should be anticoagulated over a long period of time . Primary varicosis of the saphenous system should be treated promptly by surgery to minimize the additional risk of thrombotic complications .	[ "APC", "resistance", "was", "first", "discovered", "in", "1993", ".", "It", "is", "the", "most", "frequent", "cause", "of", "thrombophilia", "in", "Europe", "and", "North", "America", ".", "In", "more", "than", "90", "%", "of", "cases", ",", "the", "underlying", "cause", "of", "APC", "resistance", "is", "a", "single", "point", "mutation", "in", "the", "factor", "V", "gene", ".", "Heterozygous", "patients", "have", "a", "between", "five-", "and", "ten", "-", "fold", "higher", "risk", "of", "developing", "venous", "thrombosis", ",", "while", "in", "homozygous", "patients", "the", "risk", "is", "increased", "up", "to", "between", "50-", "and", "100-fold", ".", "Where", "there", "is", "a", "previous", "history", "of", "thrombosis", ",", "a", "careful", "investigation", "of", "the", "coagulation", "system", ",", "in", "particular", "a", "determination", "of", "the", "APC", "ratio", ",", "is", "recommended", "prior", "to", "surgery", ".", "In", "patients", "with", "APC", "resistance", ",", "a", "body", "-", "weight", "-", "specific", "thrombosis", "prophylaxis", "with", "heparin", "is", "recommended", ".", "Heterozygous", "patients", "only", "need", "anticoagulation", "when", "additional", "risk", "conditions", "are", "present", ",", "while", "homozygous", "patients", "with", "thromboembolic", "disease", "should", "be", "anticoagulated", "over", "a", "long", "period", "of", "time", ".", "Primary", "varicosis", "of", "the", "saphenous", "system", "should", "be", "treated", "promptly", "by", "surgery", "to", "minimize", "the", "additional", "risk", "of", "thrombotic", "complications", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
APC resistance, cause, thrombophilia, Europe, North America, cause, APC resistance, single, point mutation, factor V, gene, patients, risk of, venous thrombosis, patients, risk, history, thrombosis, coagulation, determination, APC, surgery, patients, APC resistance, thrombosis, prophylaxis, heparin, patients, anticoagulation, risk, patients, disease, period, time, surgery, risk of, complications	Gefaesschirurgie.80030180.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: APC resistance was first discovered in 1993. It is the most frequent cause of thrombophilia in Europe and North America . In more than 90% of cases , the underlying cause of APC resistance is a single point mutation in the factor V gene . Heterozygous patients have a between five- and ten-fold higher risk of developing venous thrombosis , while in homozygous patients the risk is increased up to between 50- and 100-fold . Where there is a previous history of thrombosis , a careful investigation of the coagulation system , in particular a determination of the APC ratio , is recommended prior to surgery . In patients with APC resistance , a body-weight-specific thrombosis prophylaxis with heparin is recommended . Heterozygous patients only need anticoagulation when additional risk conditions are present , while homozygous patients with thromboembolic disease should be anticoagulated over a long period of time . Primary varicosis of the saphenous system should be treated promptly by surgery to minimize the additional risk of thrombotic complications . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	APC resistance was first discovered in 1993. It is the most frequent cause of thrombophilia in Europe and North America . In more than 90% of cases , the underlying cause of APC resistance is a single point mutation in the factor V gene . Heterozygous patients have a between five- and ten-fold higher risk of developing venous thrombosis , while in homozygous patients the risk is increased up to between 50- and 100-fold . Where there is a previous history of thrombosis , a careful investigation of the coagulation system , in particular a determination of the APC ratio , is recommended prior to surgery . In patients with APC resistance , a body-weight-specific thrombosis prophylaxis with heparin is recommended . Heterozygous patients only need anticoagulation when additional risk conditions are present , while homozygous patients with thromboembolic disease should be anticoagulated over a long period of time . Primary varicosis of the saphenous system should be treated promptly by surgery to minimize the additional risk of thrombotic complications .	[ "APC", "resistance", "was", "first", "discovered", "in", "1993", ".", "It", "is", "the", "most", "frequent", "cause", "of", "thrombophilia", "in", "Europe", "and", "North", "America", ".", "In", "more", "than", "90", "%", "of", "cases", ",", "the", "underlying", "cause", "of", "APC", "resistance", "is", "a", "single", "point", "mutation", "in", "the", "factor", "V", "gene", ".", "Heterozygous", "patients", "have", "a", "between", "five-", "and", "ten", "-", "fold", "higher", "risk", "of", "developing", "venous", "thrombosis", ",", "while", "in", "homozygous", "patients", "the", "risk", "is", "increased", "up", "to", "between", "50-", "and", "100-fold", ".", "Where", "there", "is", "a", "previous", "history", "of", "thrombosis", ",", "a", "careful", "investigation", "of", "the", "coagulation", "system", ",", "in", "particular", "a", "determination", "of", "the", "APC", "ratio", ",", "is", "recommended", "prior", "to", "surgery", ".", "In", "patients", "with", "APC", "resistance", ",", "a", "body", "-", "weight", "-", "specific", "thrombosis", "prophylaxis", "with", "heparin", "is", "recommended", ".", "Heterozygous", "patients", "only", "need", "anticoagulation", "when", "additional", "risk", "conditions", "are", "present", ",", "while", "homozygous", "patients", "with", "thromboembolic", "disease", "should", "be", "anticoagulated", "over", "a", "long", "period", "of", "time", ".", "Primary", "varicosis", "of", "the", "saphenous", "system", "should", "be", "treated", "promptly", "by", "surgery", "to", "minimize", "the", "additional", "risk", "of", "thrombotic", "complications", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Cardio - vascular pathologies is a Condition, evoluting and uncontrolled is a Scope, severe is a Qualifier, HTA is a Condition, cardiac deficiency is a Condition, severe is a Qualifier, angor is a Condition, severe is a Qualifier, arrhythmia is a Condition, Infectious pathologies is a Condition, evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy is a Scope, HIV+ is a Condition, Transplanted is a Procedure, severe auto - immune disease is a Condition, Psychiatric troubles is a Condition, do not allow the protocol follow - up is a Qualifier, Pregnant is a Condition, breast - feeding is a Condition, women is a Person, No is a Negation, contraception is a Procedure	NCT00720031_exc_task0	Sentence: Cardio-vascular pathologies, evoluting and uncontrolled, (severe HTA), cardiac deficiency, severe angor, severe arrhythmia. Infectious pathologies evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy. Patients HIV+. Transplanted patients or patients suffering from severe auto-immune disease. Psychiatric troubles that do not allow the protocol follow-up. Pregnant or breast-feeding women. No contraception. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Condition, Qualifier, Person, Procedure, Negation, Scope	[ "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Person", "O", "O", "B-Negation", "B-Procedure", "O", "O" ]	Cardio-vascular pathologies, evoluting and uncontrolled, (severe HTA), cardiac deficiency, severe angor, severe arrhythmia. Infectious pathologies evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy. Patients HIV+. Transplanted patients or patients suffering from severe auto-immune disease. Psychiatric troubles that do not allow the protocol follow-up. Pregnant or breast-feeding women. No contraception.	[ "Cardio", "-", "vascular", "pathologies", ",", "evoluting", "and", "uncontrolled", ",", "(", "severe", "HTA", ")", ",", "cardiac", "deficiency", ",", "severe", "angor", ",", "severe", "arrhythmia", ".", "\n", "Infectious", "pathologies", "evoluting", "and", "requiring", "antibiotherapy", ".", "\n", "Patients", "HIV+", ".", "\n", "Transplanted", "patients", "or", "patients", "suffering", "from", "severe", "auto", "-", "immune", "disease", ".", "\n", "Psychiatric", "troubles", "that", "do", "not", "allow", "the", "protocol", "follow", "-", "up", ".", "\n", "Pregnant", "or", "breast", "-", "feeding", "women", ".", "\n", "No", "contraception", ".", " \n \n" ]	[ "Scope", "Qualifier", "Condition", "Drug", "Procedure", "Person", "Measurement", "Negation", "Value" ]
Cardio - vascular pathologies is a Condition, evoluting and uncontrolled is a Scope, severe is a Qualifier, HTA is a Condition, cardiac deficiency is a Condition, severe is a Qualifier, angor is a Condition, severe is a Qualifier, arrhythmia is a Condition, Infectious pathologies is a Condition, evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy is a Scope, HIV+ is a Condition, Transplanted is a Procedure, severe auto - immune disease is a Condition, Psychiatric troubles is a Condition, do not allow the protocol follow - up is a Qualifier, Pregnant is a Condition, breast - feeding is a Condition, women is a Person, No is a Negation, contraception is a Procedure	NCT00720031_exc_task1	Sentence: Cardio-vascular pathologies, evoluting and uncontrolled, (severe HTA), cardiac deficiency, severe angor, severe arrhythmia. Infectious pathologies evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy. Patients HIV+. Transplanted patients or patients suffering from severe auto-immune disease. Psychiatric troubles that do not allow the protocol follow-up. Pregnant or breast-feeding women. No contraception. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Cardio - vascular pathologies, evoluting and uncontrolled, severe, HTA, cardiac deficiency, severe, angor, severe, arrhythmia, Infectious pathologies, evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy, HIV+, Transplanted, severe auto - immune disease, Psychiatric troubles, do not allow the protocol follow - up, Pregnant, breast - feeding, women, No, contraception Options: Condition, Qualifier, Person, Procedure, Negation, Scope	[ "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Person", "O", "O", "B-Negation", "B-Procedure", "O", "O" ]	Cardio-vascular pathologies, evoluting and uncontrolled, (severe HTA), cardiac deficiency, severe angor, severe arrhythmia. Infectious pathologies evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy. Patients HIV+. Transplanted patients or patients suffering from severe auto-immune disease. Psychiatric troubles that do not allow the protocol follow-up. Pregnant or breast-feeding women. No contraception.	[ "Cardio", "-", "vascular", "pathologies", ",", "evoluting", "and", "uncontrolled", ",", "(", "severe", "HTA", ")", ",", "cardiac", "deficiency", ",", "severe", "angor", ",", "severe", "arrhythmia", ".", "\n", "Infectious", "pathologies", "evoluting", "and", "requiring", "antibiotherapy", ".", "\n", "Patients", "HIV+", ".", "\n", "Transplanted", "patients", "or", "patients", "suffering", "from", "severe", "auto", "-", "immune", "disease", ".", "\n", "Psychiatric", "troubles", "that", "do", "not", "allow", "the", "protocol", "follow", "-", "up", ".", "\n", "Pregnant", "or", "breast", "-", "feeding", "women", ".", "\n", "No", "contraception", ".", " \n \n" ]	[ "Scope", "Qualifier", "Condition", "Drug", "Procedure", "Person", "Measurement", "Negation", "Value" ]
Cardio - vascular pathologies, evoluting and uncontrolled, severe, HTA, cardiac deficiency, severe, angor, severe, arrhythmia, Infectious pathologies, evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy, HIV+, Transplanted, severe auto - immune disease, Psychiatric troubles, do not allow the protocol follow - up, Pregnant, breast - feeding, women, No, contraception	NCT00720031_exc_task2	Sentence: Cardio-vascular pathologies, evoluting and uncontrolled, (severe HTA), cardiac deficiency, severe angor, severe arrhythmia. Infectious pathologies evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy. Patients HIV+. Transplanted patients or patients suffering from severe auto-immune disease. Psychiatric troubles that do not allow the protocol follow-up. Pregnant or breast-feeding women. No contraception. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Person", "O", "O", "B-Negation", "B-Procedure", "O", "O" ]	Cardio-vascular pathologies, evoluting and uncontrolled, (severe HTA), cardiac deficiency, severe angor, severe arrhythmia. Infectious pathologies evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy. Patients HIV+. Transplanted patients or patients suffering from severe auto-immune disease. Psychiatric troubles that do not allow the protocol follow-up. Pregnant or breast-feeding women. No contraception.	[ "Cardio", "-", "vascular", "pathologies", ",", "evoluting", "and", "uncontrolled", ",", "(", "severe", "HTA", ")", ",", "cardiac", "deficiency", ",", "severe", "angor", ",", "severe", "arrhythmia", ".", "\n", "Infectious", "pathologies", "evoluting", "and", "requiring", "antibiotherapy", ".", "\n", "Patients", "HIV+", ".", "\n", "Transplanted", "patients", "or", "patients", "suffering", "from", "severe", "auto", "-", "immune", "disease", ".", "\n", "Psychiatric", "troubles", "that", "do", "not", "allow", "the", "protocol", "follow", "-", "up", ".", "\n", "Pregnant", "or", "breast", "-", "feeding", "women", ".", "\n", "No", "contraception", ".", " \n \n" ]	[ "Scope", "Qualifier", "Condition", "Drug", "Procedure", "Person", "Measurement", "Negation", "Value" ]
Insulin is a protein, ribavirin is a compound	DS.d698_task0	Sentence: Insulin resistance is a major determinant of sustained virological response in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C patients receiving peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein	[ "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O" ]	Insulin resistance is a major determinant of sustained virological response in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C patients receiving peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin.	[ "Insulin", "resistance", "is", "a", "major", "determinant", "of", "sustained", "virological", "response", "in", "genotype", "1", "chronic", "hepatitis", "C", "patients", "receiving", "peginterferon", "alpha-2b", "plus", "ribavirin", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
Insulin is a protein, ribavirin is a compound	DS.d698_task1	Sentence: Insulin resistance is a major determinant of sustained virological response in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C patients receiving peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Insulin, ribavirin Options: compound, protein	[ "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O" ]	Insulin resistance is a major determinant of sustained virological response in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C patients receiving peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin.	[ "Insulin", "resistance", "is", "a", "major", "determinant", "of", "sustained", "virological", "response", "in", "genotype", "1", "chronic", "hepatitis", "C", "patients", "receiving", "peginterferon", "alpha-2b", "plus", "ribavirin", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
Insulin, ribavirin	DS.d698_task2	Sentence: Insulin resistance is a major determinant of sustained virological response in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C patients receiving peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O" ]	Insulin resistance is a major determinant of sustained virological response in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C patients receiving peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin.	[ "Insulin", "resistance", "is", "a", "major", "determinant", "of", "sustained", "virological", "response", "in", "genotype", "1", "chronic", "hepatitis", "C", "patients", "receiving", "peginterferon", "alpha-2b", "plus", "ribavirin", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
NFATc is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, NFATc is a Protein, NFATc.alpha is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, NFATc.alpha is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, interleukin-2 is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, kappa3 element is a Entity, tumor necrosis factor - alpha is a Protein, tumor necrosis factor - alpha is a Protein, promoter is a Entity	605_task0	Sentence: Characterization of a new isoform of the NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) gene family member NFATc [published erratum appears in J Biol Chem 1996 Dec 27;271(52):33705] The cyclosporin A (CsA)/FK506-sensitive nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) plays a key role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T cells. Although NFAT has been recently shown to be inducible in several non-T immune cells, the NFAT gene family members characterized to date have been isolated only from T cells. To further characterize NFAT function in human B cells and to demonstrate cytokine gene specificity of NFAT proteins, we report here the isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone from the Raji B cell line. The cDNA clone encodes a new isoform, NFATc.beta, of the NFAT gene family member NFATc (designated here NFATc.alpha). The amino acid sequence of NFATc.beta differs from that of NFATc.alpha in the first NH2-terminal 29 residues and contains an additional region of 142 residues at the COOH terminus. Northern analysis using a probe encompassing a common region of both isoforms showed two mRNA species of 2.7 and 4.5 kilobase pairs, while an NFATc.beta-specific probe detected only the 4.5-kilobase pair mRNA which was preferentially expressed in the spleen. Transient expression of NFATc.beta was capable of activating an interleukin-2 NFAT-driven reporter gene in stimulated Jurkat cells in a CsA-sensitive manner. However, NFATc.beta neither bound to the kappa3 element ( an NFAT-binding site ) in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter nor activated the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter in cotransfection assays. These data suggest that different members or isoforms of NFAT gene family may regulate inducible expression of different cytokine genes. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Entity, Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "B-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Characterization of a new isoform of the NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) gene family member NFATc [published erratum appears in J Biol Chem 1996 Dec 27;271(52):33705] The cyclosporin A (CsA)/FK506-sensitive nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) plays a key role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T cells. Although NFAT has been recently shown to be inducible in several non-T immune cells, the NFAT gene family members characterized to date have been isolated only from T cells. To further characterize NFAT function in human B cells and to demonstrate cytokine gene specificity of NFAT proteins, we report here the isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone from the Raji B cell line. The cDNA clone encodes a new isoform, NFATc.beta, of the NFAT gene family member NFATc (designated here NFATc.alpha). The amino acid sequence of NFATc.beta differs from that of NFATc.alpha in the first NH2-terminal 29 residues and contains an additional region of 142 residues at the COOH terminus. Northern analysis using a probe encompassing a common region of both isoforms showed two mRNA species of 2.7 and 4.5 kilobase pairs, while an NFATc.beta-specific probe detected only the 4.5-kilobase pair mRNA which was preferentially expressed in the spleen. Transient expression of NFATc.beta was capable of activating an interleukin-2 NFAT-driven reporter gene in stimulated Jurkat cells in a CsA-sensitive manner. However, NFATc.beta neither bound to the kappa3 element ( an NFAT-binding site ) in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter nor activated the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter in cotransfection assays. These data suggest that different members or isoforms of NFAT gene family may regulate inducible expression of different cytokine genes.	[ "Characterization", "of", "a", "new", "isoform", "of", "the", "NFAT", "(", "nuclear", "factor", "of", "activated", "T", "cells", ")", "gene", "family", "member", "NFATc", "[", "published", "erratum", "appears", "in", "J", "Biol", "Chem", "1996", "Dec", "27;271(52):33705", "]", "\n", "The", "cyclosporin", "A", "(", "CsA)/FK506-sensitive", "nuclear", "factor", "of", "activated", "T", "cells", "(", "NFAT", ")", "plays", "a", "key", "role", "in", "the", "inducible", "expression", "of", "cytokine", "genes", "in", "T", "cells", ".", "Although", "NFAT", "has", "been", "recently", "shown", "to", "be", "inducible", "in", "several", "non", "-", "T", "immune", "cells", ",", "the", "NFAT", "gene", "family", "members", "characterized", "to", "date", "have", "been", "isolated", "only", "from", "T", "cells", ".", "To", "further", "characterize", "NFAT", "function", "in", "human", "B", "cells", "and", "to", "demonstrate", "cytokine", "gene", "specificity", "of", "NFAT", "proteins", ",", "we", "report", "here", "the", "isolation", "and", "characterization", "of", "a", "cDNA", "clone", "from", "the", "Raji", "B", "cell", "line", ".", "The", "cDNA", "clone", "encodes", "a", "new", "isoform", ",", "NFATc.beta", ",", "of", "the", "NFAT", "gene", "family", "member", "NFATc", "(", "designated", "here", "NFATc.alpha", ")", ".", "The", "amino", "acid", "sequence", "of", "NFATc.beta", "differs", "from", "that", "of", "NFATc.alpha", "in", "the", "first", "NH2-terminal", "29", "residues", "and", "contains", "an", "additional", "region", "of", "142", "residues", "at", "the", "COOH", "terminus", ".", "Northern", "analysis", "using", "a", "probe", "encompassing", "a", "common", "region", "of", "both", "isoforms", "showed", "two", "mRNA", "species", "of", "2.7", "and", "4.5", "kilobase", "pairs", ",", "while", "an", "NFATc.beta", "-", "specific", "probe", "detected", "only", "the", "4.5-kilobase", "pair", "mRNA", "which", "was", "preferentially", "expressed", "in", "the", "spleen", ".", "Transient", "expression", "of", "NFATc.beta", "was", "capable", "of", "activating", "an", "interleukin-2", "NFAT", "-", "driven", "reporter", "gene", "in", "stimulated", "Jurkat", "cells", "in", "a", "CsA", "-", "sensitive", "manner", ".", "However", ",", "NFATc.beta", "neither", "bound", "to", "the", "kappa3", "element", "(", "an", "NFAT", "-", "binding", "site", ")", "in", "the", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "-", "alpha", "promoter", "nor", "activated", "the", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "-", "alpha", "promoter", "in", "cotransfection", "assays", ".", "These", "data", "suggest", "that", "different", "members", "or", "isoforms", "of", "NFAT", "gene", "family", "may", "regulate", "inducible", "expression", "of", "different", "cytokine", "genes", "." ]	[ "Protein", "Entity" ]
NFATc is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, NFATc is a Protein, NFATc.alpha is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, NFATc.alpha is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, interleukin-2 is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, kappa3 element is a Entity, tumor necrosis factor - alpha is a Protein, tumor necrosis factor - alpha is a Protein, promoter is a Entity	605_task1	Sentence: Characterization of a new isoform of the NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) gene family member NFATc [published erratum appears in J Biol Chem 1996 Dec 27;271(52):33705] The cyclosporin A (CsA)/FK506-sensitive nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) plays a key role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T cells. Although NFAT has been recently shown to be inducible in several non-T immune cells, the NFAT gene family members characterized to date have been isolated only from T cells. To further characterize NFAT function in human B cells and to demonstrate cytokine gene specificity of NFAT proteins, we report here the isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone from the Raji B cell line. The cDNA clone encodes a new isoform, NFATc.beta, of the NFAT gene family member NFATc (designated here NFATc.alpha). The amino acid sequence of NFATc.beta differs from that of NFATc.alpha in the first NH2-terminal 29 residues and contains an additional region of 142 residues at the COOH terminus. Northern analysis using a probe encompassing a common region of both isoforms showed two mRNA species of 2.7 and 4.5 kilobase pairs, while an NFATc.beta-specific probe detected only the 4.5-kilobase pair mRNA which was preferentially expressed in the spleen. Transient expression of NFATc.beta was capable of activating an interleukin-2 NFAT-driven reporter gene in stimulated Jurkat cells in a CsA-sensitive manner. However, NFATc.beta neither bound to the kappa3 element ( an NFAT-binding site ) in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter nor activated the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter in cotransfection assays. These data suggest that different members or isoforms of NFAT gene family may regulate inducible expression of different cytokine genes. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: NFATc, NFATc.beta, NFATc, NFATc.alpha, NFATc.beta, NFATc.alpha, NFATc.beta, NFATc.beta, interleukin-2, NFATc.beta, kappa3 element, tumor necrosis factor - alpha, tumor necrosis factor - alpha, promoter Options: Entity, Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "B-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Characterization of a new isoform of the NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) gene family member NFATc [published erratum appears in J Biol Chem 1996 Dec 27;271(52):33705] The cyclosporin A (CsA)/FK506-sensitive nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) plays a key role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T cells. Although NFAT has been recently shown to be inducible in several non-T immune cells, the NFAT gene family members characterized to date have been isolated only from T cells. To further characterize NFAT function in human B cells and to demonstrate cytokine gene specificity of NFAT proteins, we report here the isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone from the Raji B cell line. The cDNA clone encodes a new isoform, NFATc.beta, of the NFAT gene family member NFATc (designated here NFATc.alpha). The amino acid sequence of NFATc.beta differs from that of NFATc.alpha in the first NH2-terminal 29 residues and contains an additional region of 142 residues at the COOH terminus. Northern analysis using a probe encompassing a common region of both isoforms showed two mRNA species of 2.7 and 4.5 kilobase pairs, while an NFATc.beta-specific probe detected only the 4.5-kilobase pair mRNA which was preferentially expressed in the spleen. Transient expression of NFATc.beta was capable of activating an interleukin-2 NFAT-driven reporter gene in stimulated Jurkat cells in a CsA-sensitive manner. However, NFATc.beta neither bound to the kappa3 element ( an NFAT-binding site ) in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter nor activated the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter in cotransfection assays. These data suggest that different members or isoforms of NFAT gene family may regulate inducible expression of different cytokine genes.	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NFATc, NFATc.beta, NFATc, NFATc.alpha, NFATc.beta, NFATc.alpha, NFATc.beta, NFATc.beta, interleukin-2, NFATc.beta, kappa3 element, tumor necrosis factor - alpha, tumor necrosis factor - alpha, promoter	605_task2	Sentence: Characterization of a new isoform of the NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) gene family member NFATc [published erratum appears in J Biol Chem 1996 Dec 27;271(52):33705] The cyclosporin A (CsA)/FK506-sensitive nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) plays a key role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T cells. Although NFAT has been recently shown to be inducible in several non-T immune cells, the NFAT gene family members characterized to date have been isolated only from T cells. To further characterize NFAT function in human B cells and to demonstrate cytokine gene specificity of NFAT proteins, we report here the isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone from the Raji B cell line. The cDNA clone encodes a new isoform, NFATc.beta, of the NFAT gene family member NFATc (designated here NFATc.alpha). The amino acid sequence of NFATc.beta differs from that of NFATc.alpha in the first NH2-terminal 29 residues and contains an additional region of 142 residues at the COOH terminus. Northern analysis using a probe encompassing a common region of both isoforms showed two mRNA species of 2.7 and 4.5 kilobase pairs, while an NFATc.beta-specific probe detected only the 4.5-kilobase pair mRNA which was preferentially expressed in the spleen. Transient expression of NFATc.beta was capable of activating an interleukin-2 NFAT-driven reporter gene in stimulated Jurkat cells in a CsA-sensitive manner. However, NFATc.beta neither bound to the kappa3 element ( an NFAT-binding site ) in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter nor activated the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter in cotransfection assays. These data suggest that different members or isoforms of NFAT gene family may regulate inducible expression of different cytokine genes. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "B-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Characterization of a new isoform of the NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) gene family member NFATc [published erratum appears in J Biol Chem 1996 Dec 27;271(52):33705] The cyclosporin A (CsA)/FK506-sensitive nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) plays a key role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T cells. Although NFAT has been recently shown to be inducible in several non-T immune cells, the NFAT gene family members characterized to date have been isolated only from T cells. To further characterize NFAT function in human B cells and to demonstrate cytokine gene specificity of NFAT proteins, we report here the isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone from the Raji B cell line. The cDNA clone encodes a new isoform, NFATc.beta, of the NFAT gene family member NFATc (designated here NFATc.alpha). The amino acid sequence of NFATc.beta differs from that of NFATc.alpha in the first NH2-terminal 29 residues and contains an additional region of 142 residues at the COOH terminus. Northern analysis using a probe encompassing a common region of both isoforms showed two mRNA species of 2.7 and 4.5 kilobase pairs, while an NFATc.beta-specific probe detected only the 4.5-kilobase pair mRNA which was preferentially expressed in the spleen. Transient expression of NFATc.beta was capable of activating an interleukin-2 NFAT-driven reporter gene in stimulated Jurkat cells in a CsA-sensitive manner. However, NFATc.beta neither bound to the kappa3 element ( an NFAT-binding site ) in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter nor activated the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter in cotransfection assays. These data suggest that different members or isoforms of NFAT gene family may regulate inducible expression of different cytokine genes.	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Myasthenia gravis is an umlsterm, Ateminsuffizienz is an umlsterm, Schluckstoerung is an umlsterm, lebensbedrohlich is an umlsterm, Infektionen is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Akuttherapie is an umlsterm, Krisenintervention is an umlsterm, Plasmapherese is an umlsterm, Immunglobulinen is an umlsterm, Infektionen is an umlsterm, Thymektomie is an umlsterm, notfallmaessig is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Schluckstoerung is an umlsterm, Intubation is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Pflege is an umlsterm, Infektionen is an umlsterm, Beinvenenthrombosen is an umlsterm, Komplikationen is an umlsterm, Prognose is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm	ZfuerHerzThoraxGefaesschirurgie.80120276.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Krisenhafte Verschlechterungen einer Myasthenia gravis koennen insbesondere aufgrund einer Ateminsuffizienz und einer Schluckstoerung mit Aspirationsgefahr lebensbedrohlich sein . Ausloeser sind haeufig interkurrente Infektionen , eine Verschlechterung durch den natuerlichen Verlauf der Erkrankung oder eine unzureichende immunsuppressive Behandlung der Myasthenie . Die Einweisung in eine in der Behandlung der Myasthenia gravis erfahrene neurologische Klinik ist dann erforderlich und darf keinesfalls verzoegert werden . Die spezifische Akuttherapie besteht in der symptomatischen Medikation mit Cholinesterasehemmern , der Krisenintervention mit Plasmapherese oder intravenoeser hochdosierter Gabe von Immunglobulinen und Immunsuppressionen mit Glukokortikoiden . Infektionen muessen konsequent behandelt werden . Die Thymektomie ist nie notfallmaessig indiziert und soll erst nach Stabilisierung des Patienten erfolgen . Falls eine bedrohliche Atem- oder Schluckstoerung nicht aufgehalten werden kann , soll die Verlegung auf eine fachneurologische Intensivstation und ggfs . Die Intubation rechtzeitig und elektiv nach Aufklaerung des Patienten durchgefuehrt werden . Wichtig sind eine sorgfaeltige Pflege und prophylaktische Massnahmen zur Vermeidung von Infektionen , Beinvenenthrombosen und psychischen Komplikationen , um die an sich guenstige Prognose nicht zu gefaehrden . Die beste Therapie besteht moeglichst jedoch in der Praevention der myasthenen Krise . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Krisenhafte Verschlechterungen einer Myasthenia gravis koennen insbesondere aufgrund einer Ateminsuffizienz und einer Schluckstoerung mit Aspirationsgefahr lebensbedrohlich sein . Ausloeser sind haeufig interkurrente Infektionen , eine Verschlechterung durch den natuerlichen Verlauf der Erkrankung oder eine unzureichende immunsuppressive Behandlung der Myasthenie . Die Einweisung in eine in der Behandlung der Myasthenia gravis erfahrene neurologische Klinik ist dann erforderlich und darf keinesfalls verzoegert werden . Die spezifische Akuttherapie besteht in der symptomatischen Medikation mit Cholinesterasehemmern , der Krisenintervention mit Plasmapherese oder intravenoeser hochdosierter Gabe von Immunglobulinen und Immunsuppressionen mit Glukokortikoiden . Infektionen muessen konsequent behandelt werden . Die Thymektomie ist nie notfallmaessig indiziert und soll erst nach Stabilisierung des Patienten erfolgen . Falls eine bedrohliche Atem- oder Schluckstoerung nicht aufgehalten werden kann , soll die Verlegung auf eine fachneurologische Intensivstation und ggfs . Die Intubation rechtzeitig und elektiv nach Aufklaerung des Patienten durchgefuehrt werden . Wichtig sind eine sorgfaeltige Pflege und prophylaktische Massnahmen zur Vermeidung von Infektionen , Beinvenenthrombosen und psychischen Komplikationen , um die an sich guenstige Prognose nicht zu gefaehrden . Die beste Therapie besteht moeglichst jedoch in der Praevention der myasthenen Krise .	[ "Krisenhafte", "Verschlechterungen", "einer", "Myasthenia", "gravis", "koennen", "insbesondere", "aufgrund", "einer", "Ateminsuffizienz", "und", "einer", "Schluckstoerung", "mit", "Aspirationsgefahr", "lebensbedrohlich", "sein", ".", "Ausloeser", "sind", "haeufig", "interkurrente", "Infektionen", ",", "eine", "Verschlechterung", "durch", "den", "natuerlichen", "Verlauf", "der", "Erkrankung", "oder", "eine", "unzureichende", "immunsuppressive", "Behandlung", "der", "Myasthenie", ".", "Die", "Einweisung", "in", "eine", "in", "der", "Behandlung", "der", "Myasthenia", "gravis", "erfahrene", "neurologische", "Klinik", "ist", "dann", "erforderlich", "und", "darf", "keinesfalls", "verzoegert", "werden", ".", "Die", "spezifische", "Akuttherapie", "besteht", "in", "der", "symptomatischen", "Medikation", "mit", "Cholinesterasehemmern", ",", "der", "Krisenintervention", "mit", "Plasmapherese", "oder", "intravenoeser", "hochdosierter", "Gabe", "von", "Immunglobulinen", "und", "Immunsuppressionen", "mit", "Glukokortikoiden", ".", "Infektionen", "muessen", "konsequent", "behandelt", "werden", ".", "Die", "Thymektomie", "ist", "nie", "notfallmaessig", "indiziert", "und", "soll", "erst", "nach", "Stabilisierung", "des", "Patienten", "erfolgen", ".", "Falls", "eine", "bedrohliche", "Atem-", "oder", "Schluckstoerung", "nicht", "aufgehalten", "werden", "kann", ",", "soll", "die", "Verlegung", "auf", "eine", "fachneurologische", "Intensivstation", "und", "ggfs", ".", "Die", "Intubation", "rechtzeitig", "und", "elektiv", "nach", "Aufklaerung", "des", "Patienten", "durchgefuehrt", "werden", ".", "Wichtig", "sind", "eine", "sorgfaeltige", "Pflege", "und", "prophylaktische", "Massnahmen", "zur", "Vermeidung", "von", "Infektionen", ",", "Beinvenenthrombosen", "und", "psychischen", "Komplikationen", ",", "um", "die", "an", "sich", "guenstige", "Prognose", "nicht", "zu", "gefaehrden", ".", "Die", "beste", "Therapie", "besteht", "moeglichst", "jedoch", "in", "der", "Praevention", "der", "myasthenen", "Krise", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Myasthenia gravis is an umlsterm, Ateminsuffizienz is an umlsterm, Schluckstoerung is an umlsterm, lebensbedrohlich is an umlsterm, Infektionen is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Akuttherapie is an umlsterm, Krisenintervention is an umlsterm, Plasmapherese is an umlsterm, Immunglobulinen is an umlsterm, Infektionen is an umlsterm, Thymektomie is an umlsterm, notfallmaessig is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Schluckstoerung is an umlsterm, Intubation is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Pflege is an umlsterm, Infektionen is an umlsterm, Beinvenenthrombosen is an umlsterm, Komplikationen is an umlsterm, Prognose is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm	ZfuerHerzThoraxGefaesschirurgie.80120276.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Krisenhafte Verschlechterungen einer Myasthenia gravis koennen insbesondere aufgrund einer Ateminsuffizienz und einer Schluckstoerung mit Aspirationsgefahr lebensbedrohlich sein . Ausloeser sind haeufig interkurrente Infektionen , eine Verschlechterung durch den natuerlichen Verlauf der Erkrankung oder eine unzureichende immunsuppressive Behandlung der Myasthenie . Die Einweisung in eine in der Behandlung der Myasthenia gravis erfahrene neurologische Klinik ist dann erforderlich und darf keinesfalls verzoegert werden . Die spezifische Akuttherapie besteht in der symptomatischen Medikation mit Cholinesterasehemmern , der Krisenintervention mit Plasmapherese oder intravenoeser hochdosierter Gabe von Immunglobulinen und Immunsuppressionen mit Glukokortikoiden . Infektionen muessen konsequent behandelt werden . Die Thymektomie ist nie notfallmaessig indiziert und soll erst nach Stabilisierung des Patienten erfolgen . Falls eine bedrohliche Atem- oder Schluckstoerung nicht aufgehalten werden kann , soll die Verlegung auf eine fachneurologische Intensivstation und ggfs . Die Intubation rechtzeitig und elektiv nach Aufklaerung des Patienten durchgefuehrt werden . Wichtig sind eine sorgfaeltige Pflege und prophylaktische Massnahmen zur Vermeidung von Infektionen , Beinvenenthrombosen und psychischen Komplikationen , um die an sich guenstige Prognose nicht zu gefaehrden . Die beste Therapie besteht moeglichst jedoch in der Praevention der myasthenen Krise . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Myasthenia gravis, Ateminsuffizienz, Schluckstoerung, lebensbedrohlich, Infektionen, Behandlung, Behandlung, Akuttherapie, Krisenintervention, Plasmapherese, Immunglobulinen, Infektionen, Thymektomie, notfallmaessig, Patienten, Schluckstoerung, Intubation, Patienten, Pflege, Infektionen, Beinvenenthrombosen, Komplikationen, Prognose, Therapie Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Krisenhafte Verschlechterungen einer Myasthenia gravis koennen insbesondere aufgrund einer Ateminsuffizienz und einer Schluckstoerung mit Aspirationsgefahr lebensbedrohlich sein . Ausloeser sind haeufig interkurrente Infektionen , eine Verschlechterung durch den natuerlichen Verlauf der Erkrankung oder eine unzureichende immunsuppressive Behandlung der Myasthenie . Die Einweisung in eine in der Behandlung der Myasthenia gravis erfahrene neurologische Klinik ist dann erforderlich und darf keinesfalls verzoegert werden . Die spezifische Akuttherapie besteht in der symptomatischen Medikation mit Cholinesterasehemmern , der Krisenintervention mit Plasmapherese oder intravenoeser hochdosierter Gabe von Immunglobulinen und Immunsuppressionen mit Glukokortikoiden . Infektionen muessen konsequent behandelt werden . Die Thymektomie ist nie notfallmaessig indiziert und soll erst nach Stabilisierung des Patienten erfolgen . Falls eine bedrohliche Atem- oder Schluckstoerung nicht aufgehalten werden kann , soll die Verlegung auf eine fachneurologische Intensivstation und ggfs . Die Intubation rechtzeitig und elektiv nach Aufklaerung des Patienten durchgefuehrt werden . Wichtig sind eine sorgfaeltige Pflege und prophylaktische Massnahmen zur Vermeidung von Infektionen , Beinvenenthrombosen und psychischen Komplikationen , um die an sich guenstige Prognose nicht zu gefaehrden . Die beste Therapie besteht moeglichst jedoch in der Praevention der myasthenen Krise .	[ "Krisenhafte", "Verschlechterungen", "einer", "Myasthenia", "gravis", "koennen", "insbesondere", "aufgrund", "einer", "Ateminsuffizienz", "und", "einer", "Schluckstoerung", "mit", "Aspirationsgefahr", "lebensbedrohlich", "sein", ".", "Ausloeser", "sind", "haeufig", "interkurrente", "Infektionen", ",", "eine", "Verschlechterung", "durch", "den", "natuerlichen", "Verlauf", "der", "Erkrankung", "oder", "eine", "unzureichende", "immunsuppressive", "Behandlung", "der", "Myasthenie", ".", "Die", "Einweisung", "in", "eine", "in", "der", "Behandlung", "der", "Myasthenia", "gravis", "erfahrene", "neurologische", "Klinik", "ist", "dann", "erforderlich", "und", "darf", "keinesfalls", "verzoegert", "werden", ".", "Die", "spezifische", "Akuttherapie", "besteht", "in", "der", "symptomatischen", "Medikation", "mit", "Cholinesterasehemmern", ",", "der", "Krisenintervention", "mit", "Plasmapherese", "oder", "intravenoeser", "hochdosierter", "Gabe", "von", "Immunglobulinen", "und", "Immunsuppressionen", "mit", "Glukokortikoiden", ".", "Infektionen", "muessen", "konsequent", "behandelt", "werden", ".", "Die", "Thymektomie", "ist", "nie", "notfallmaessig", "indiziert", "und", "soll", "erst", "nach", "Stabilisierung", "des", "Patienten", "erfolgen", ".", "Falls", "eine", "bedrohliche", "Atem-", "oder", "Schluckstoerung", "nicht", "aufgehalten", "werden", "kann", ",", "soll", "die", "Verlegung", "auf", "eine", "fachneurologische", "Intensivstation", "und", "ggfs", ".", "Die", "Intubation", "rechtzeitig", "und", "elektiv", "nach", "Aufklaerung", "des", "Patienten", "durchgefuehrt", "werden", ".", "Wichtig", "sind", "eine", "sorgfaeltige", "Pflege", "und", "prophylaktische", "Massnahmen", "zur", "Vermeidung", "von", "Infektionen", ",", "Beinvenenthrombosen", "und", "psychischen", "Komplikationen", ",", "um", "die", "an", "sich", "guenstige", "Prognose", "nicht", "zu", "gefaehrden", ".", "Die", "beste", "Therapie", "besteht", "moeglichst", "jedoch", "in", "der", "Praevention", "der", "myasthenen", "Krise", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Myasthenia gravis, Ateminsuffizienz, Schluckstoerung, lebensbedrohlich, Infektionen, Behandlung, Behandlung, Akuttherapie, Krisenintervention, Plasmapherese, Immunglobulinen, Infektionen, Thymektomie, notfallmaessig, Patienten, Schluckstoerung, Intubation, Patienten, Pflege, Infektionen, Beinvenenthrombosen, Komplikationen, Prognose, Therapie	ZfuerHerzThoraxGefaesschirurgie.80120276.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Krisenhafte Verschlechterungen einer Myasthenia gravis koennen insbesondere aufgrund einer Ateminsuffizienz und einer Schluckstoerung mit Aspirationsgefahr lebensbedrohlich sein . Ausloeser sind haeufig interkurrente Infektionen , eine Verschlechterung durch den natuerlichen Verlauf der Erkrankung oder eine unzureichende immunsuppressive Behandlung der Myasthenie . Die Einweisung in eine in der Behandlung der Myasthenia gravis erfahrene neurologische Klinik ist dann erforderlich und darf keinesfalls verzoegert werden . Die spezifische Akuttherapie besteht in der symptomatischen Medikation mit Cholinesterasehemmern , der Krisenintervention mit Plasmapherese oder intravenoeser hochdosierter Gabe von Immunglobulinen und Immunsuppressionen mit Glukokortikoiden . Infektionen muessen konsequent behandelt werden . Die Thymektomie ist nie notfallmaessig indiziert und soll erst nach Stabilisierung des Patienten erfolgen . Falls eine bedrohliche Atem- oder Schluckstoerung nicht aufgehalten werden kann , soll die Verlegung auf eine fachneurologische Intensivstation und ggfs . Die Intubation rechtzeitig und elektiv nach Aufklaerung des Patienten durchgefuehrt werden . Wichtig sind eine sorgfaeltige Pflege und prophylaktische Massnahmen zur Vermeidung von Infektionen , Beinvenenthrombosen und psychischen Komplikationen , um die an sich guenstige Prognose nicht zu gefaehrden . Die beste Therapie besteht moeglichst jedoch in der Praevention der myasthenen Krise . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Krisenhafte Verschlechterungen einer Myasthenia gravis koennen insbesondere aufgrund einer Ateminsuffizienz und einer Schluckstoerung mit Aspirationsgefahr lebensbedrohlich sein . Ausloeser sind haeufig interkurrente Infektionen , eine Verschlechterung durch den natuerlichen Verlauf der Erkrankung oder eine unzureichende immunsuppressive Behandlung der Myasthenie . Die Einweisung in eine in der Behandlung der Myasthenia gravis erfahrene neurologische Klinik ist dann erforderlich und darf keinesfalls verzoegert werden . Die spezifische Akuttherapie besteht in der symptomatischen Medikation mit Cholinesterasehemmern , der Krisenintervention mit Plasmapherese oder intravenoeser hochdosierter Gabe von Immunglobulinen und Immunsuppressionen mit Glukokortikoiden . Infektionen muessen konsequent behandelt werden . Die Thymektomie ist nie notfallmaessig indiziert und soll erst nach Stabilisierung des Patienten erfolgen . Falls eine bedrohliche Atem- oder Schluckstoerung nicht aufgehalten werden kann , soll die Verlegung auf eine fachneurologische Intensivstation und ggfs . Die Intubation rechtzeitig und elektiv nach Aufklaerung des Patienten durchgefuehrt werden . Wichtig sind eine sorgfaeltige Pflege und prophylaktische Massnahmen zur Vermeidung von Infektionen , Beinvenenthrombosen und psychischen Komplikationen , um die an sich guenstige Prognose nicht zu gefaehrden . Die beste Therapie besteht moeglichst jedoch in der Praevention der myasthenen Krise .	[ "Krisenhafte", "Verschlechterungen", "einer", "Myasthenia", "gravis", "koennen", "insbesondere", "aufgrund", "einer", "Ateminsuffizienz", "und", "einer", "Schluckstoerung", "mit", "Aspirationsgefahr", "lebensbedrohlich", "sein", ".", "Ausloeser", "sind", "haeufig", "interkurrente", "Infektionen", ",", "eine", "Verschlechterung", "durch", "den", "natuerlichen", "Verlauf", "der", "Erkrankung", "oder", "eine", "unzureichende", "immunsuppressive", "Behandlung", "der", "Myasthenie", ".", "Die", "Einweisung", "in", "eine", "in", "der", "Behandlung", "der", "Myasthenia", "gravis", "erfahrene", "neurologische", "Klinik", "ist", "dann", "erforderlich", "und", "darf", "keinesfalls", "verzoegert", "werden", ".", "Die", "spezifische", "Akuttherapie", "besteht", "in", "der", "symptomatischen", "Medikation", "mit", "Cholinesterasehemmern", ",", "der", "Krisenintervention", "mit", "Plasmapherese", "oder", "intravenoeser", "hochdosierter", "Gabe", "von", "Immunglobulinen", "und", "Immunsuppressionen", "mit", "Glukokortikoiden", ".", "Infektionen", "muessen", "konsequent", "behandelt", "werden", ".", "Die", "Thymektomie", "ist", "nie", "notfallmaessig", "indiziert", "und", "soll", "erst", "nach", "Stabilisierung", "des", "Patienten", "erfolgen", ".", "Falls", "eine", "bedrohliche", "Atem-", "oder", "Schluckstoerung", "nicht", "aufgehalten", "werden", "kann", ",", "soll", "die", "Verlegung", "auf", "eine", "fachneurologische", "Intensivstation", "und", "ggfs", ".", "Die", "Intubation", "rechtzeitig", "und", "elektiv", "nach", "Aufklaerung", "des", "Patienten", "durchgefuehrt", "werden", ".", "Wichtig", "sind", "eine", "sorgfaeltige", "Pflege", "und", "prophylaktische", "Massnahmen", "zur", "Vermeidung", "von", "Infektionen", ",", "Beinvenenthrombosen", "und", "psychischen", "Komplikationen", ",", "um", "die", "an", "sich", "guenstige", "Prognose", "nicht", "zu", "gefaehrden", ".", "Die", "beste", "Therapie", "besteht", "moeglichst", "jedoch", "in", "der", "Praevention", "der", "myasthenen", "Krise", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, asthma is a Participant_Condition, aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 231 is a Participant_Sample-size, chronic reversible obstructive airway disease is a Participant_Condition, placebo albuterol aerosol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, active albuterol powder is a Intervention_Pharmacological, active albuterol aerosol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo lactose powder is a Intervention_Pharmacological, pulmonary function is a Outcome_Physical, length of time mean FEV1 is a Outcome_Physical, physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response is a Outcome_Physical, patients ' subjective symptom scores is a Outcome_Other, cardiovascular effects is a Outcome_Physical, laboratory values is a Outcome_Physical, adverse events is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, preference for one of the delivery systems is a Outcome_Other, half is a Participant_Sample-size	76318_task0	Sentence: Comparison of inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol in asthma . In this multicenter , randomized , double-blind study comparing the efficacy and safety of aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation , 231 patients with chronic reversible obstructive airway disease were randomly allocated to receive either placebo albuterol aerosol followed immediately by active albuterol powder ( 200 micrograms ) or active albuterol aerosol ( two puffs , 180 micrograms ) followed immediately by placebo lactose powder four times a day for a period of 12 weeks . No statistically significant differences were found between the powder and aerosol formulations with respect to pulmonary function , length of time mean FEV1 remained greater than or equal to 15 % above baseline , physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response , or patients ' subjective symptom scores . There were also no significant differences between treatment groups in cardiovascular effects , laboratory values , or adverse events . Among patients who expressed a preference for one of the delivery systems , half preferred using the powder . Results of this study demonstrate that 200 micrograms of albuterol powder is as safe and effective as 180 micrograms of albuterol aerosol . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Comparison of inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol in asthma . In this multicenter , randomized , double-blind study comparing the efficacy and safety of aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation , 231 patients with chronic reversible obstructive airway disease were randomly allocated to receive either placebo albuterol aerosol followed immediately by active albuterol powder ( 200 micrograms ) or active albuterol aerosol ( two puffs , 180 micrograms ) followed immediately by placebo lactose powder four times a day for a period of 12 weeks . No statistically significant differences were found between the powder and aerosol formulations with respect to pulmonary function , length of time mean FEV1 remained greater than or equal to 15 % above baseline , physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response , or patients ' subjective symptom scores . There were also no significant differences between treatment groups in cardiovascular effects , laboratory values , or adverse events . Among patients who expressed a preference for one of the delivery systems , half preferred using the powder . Results of this study demonstrate that 200 micrograms of albuterol powder is as safe and effective as 180 micrograms of albuterol aerosol .	[ "Comparison", "of", "inhaled", "albuterol", "powder", "and", "aerosol", "in", "asthma", ".", "In", "this", "multicenter", ",", "randomized", ",", "double", "-", "blind", "study", "comparing", "the", "efficacy", "and", "safety", "of", "aerosolized", "albuterol", "with", "the", "dry", "powder", "formulation", ",", "231", "patients", "with", "chronic", "reversible", "obstructive", "airway", "disease", "were", "randomly", "allocated", "to", "receive", "either", "placebo", "albuterol", "aerosol", "followed", "immediately", "by", "active", "albuterol", "powder", "(", "200", "micrograms", ")", "or", "active", "albuterol", "aerosol", "(", "two", "puffs", ",", "180", "micrograms", ")", "followed", "immediately", "by", "placebo", "lactose", "powder", "four", "times", "a", "day", "for", "a", "period", "of", "12", "weeks", ".", "No", "statistically", "significant", "differences", "were", "found", "between", "the", "powder", "and", "aerosol", "formulations", "with", "respect", "to", "pulmonary", "function", ",", "length", "of", "time", "mean", "FEV1", "remained", "greater", "than", "or", "equal", "to", "15", "%", "above", "baseline", ",", "physicians", "'", "assessments", "of", "patients", "'", "clinical", "response", ",", "or", "patients", "'", "subjective", "symptom", "scores", ".", "There", "were", "also", "no", "significant", "differences", "between", "treatment", "groups", "in", "cardiovascular", "effects", ",", "laboratory", "values", ",", "or", "adverse", "events", ".", "Among", "patients", "who", "expressed", "a", "preference", "for", "one", "of", "the", "delivery", "systems", ",", "half", "preferred", "using", "the", "powder", ".", "Results", "of", "this", "study", "demonstrate", "that", "200", "micrograms", "of", "albuterol", "powder", "is", "as", "safe", "and", "effective", "as", "180", "micrograms", "of", "albuterol", "aerosol", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, asthma is a Participant_Condition, aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 231 is a Participant_Sample-size, chronic reversible obstructive airway disease is a Participant_Condition, placebo albuterol aerosol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, active albuterol powder is a Intervention_Pharmacological, active albuterol aerosol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo lactose powder is a Intervention_Pharmacological, pulmonary function is a Outcome_Physical, length of time mean FEV1 is a Outcome_Physical, physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response is a Outcome_Physical, patients ' subjective symptom scores is a Outcome_Other, cardiovascular effects is a Outcome_Physical, laboratory values is a Outcome_Physical, adverse events is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, preference for one of the delivery systems is a Outcome_Other, half is a Participant_Sample-size	76318_task1	Sentence: Comparison of inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol in asthma . In this multicenter , randomized , double-blind study comparing the efficacy and safety of aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation , 231 patients with chronic reversible obstructive airway disease were randomly allocated to receive either placebo albuterol aerosol followed immediately by active albuterol powder ( 200 micrograms ) or active albuterol aerosol ( two puffs , 180 micrograms ) followed immediately by placebo lactose powder four times a day for a period of 12 weeks . No statistically significant differences were found between the powder and aerosol formulations with respect to pulmonary function , length of time mean FEV1 remained greater than or equal to 15 % above baseline , physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response , or patients ' subjective symptom scores . There were also no significant differences between treatment groups in cardiovascular effects , laboratory values , or adverse events . Among patients who expressed a preference for one of the delivery systems , half preferred using the powder . Results of this study demonstrate that 200 micrograms of albuterol powder is as safe and effective as 180 micrograms of albuterol aerosol . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol, asthma, aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation, 231, chronic reversible obstructive airway disease, placebo albuterol aerosol, active albuterol powder, active albuterol aerosol, placebo lactose powder, pulmonary function, length of time mean FEV1, physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response, patients ' subjective symptom scores, cardiovascular effects, laboratory values, adverse events, preference for one of the delivery systems, half Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Comparison of inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol in asthma . In this multicenter , randomized , double-blind study comparing the efficacy and safety of aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation , 231 patients with chronic reversible obstructive airway disease were randomly allocated to receive either placebo albuterol aerosol followed immediately by active albuterol powder ( 200 micrograms ) or active albuterol aerosol ( two puffs , 180 micrograms ) followed immediately by placebo lactose powder four times a day for a period of 12 weeks . No statistically significant differences were found between the powder and aerosol formulations with respect to pulmonary function , length of time mean FEV1 remained greater than or equal to 15 % above baseline , physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response , or patients ' subjective symptom scores . There were also no significant differences between treatment groups in cardiovascular effects , laboratory values , or adverse events . Among patients who expressed a preference for one of the delivery systems , half preferred using the powder . Results of this study demonstrate that 200 micrograms of albuterol powder is as safe and effective as 180 micrograms of albuterol aerosol .	[ "Comparison", "of", "inhaled", "albuterol", "powder", "and", "aerosol", "in", "asthma", ".", "In", "this", "multicenter", ",", "randomized", ",", "double", "-", "blind", "study", "comparing", "the", "efficacy", "and", "safety", "of", "aerosolized", "albuterol", "with", "the", "dry", "powder", "formulation", ",", "231", "patients", "with", "chronic", "reversible", "obstructive", "airway", "disease", "were", "randomly", "allocated", "to", "receive", "either", "placebo", "albuterol", "aerosol", "followed", "immediately", "by", "active", "albuterol", "powder", "(", "200", "micrograms", ")", "or", "active", "albuterol", "aerosol", "(", "two", "puffs", ",", "180", "micrograms", ")", "followed", "immediately", "by", "placebo", "lactose", "powder", "four", "times", "a", "day", "for", "a", "period", "of", "12", "weeks", ".", "No", "statistically", "significant", "differences", "were", "found", "between", "the", "powder", "and", "aerosol", "formulations", "with", "respect", "to", "pulmonary", "function", ",", "length", "of", "time", "mean", "FEV1", "remained", "greater", "than", "or", "equal", "to", "15", "%", "above", "baseline", ",", "physicians", "'", "assessments", "of", "patients", "'", "clinical", "response", ",", "or", "patients", "'", "subjective", "symptom", "scores", ".", "There", "were", "also", "no", "significant", "differences", "between", "treatment", "groups", "in", "cardiovascular", "effects", ",", "laboratory", "values", ",", "or", "adverse", "events", ".", "Among", "patients", "who", "expressed", "a", "preference", "for", "one", "of", "the", "delivery", "systems", ",", "half", "preferred", "using", "the", "powder", ".", "Results", "of", "this", "study", "demonstrate", "that", "200", "micrograms", "of", "albuterol", "powder", "is", "as", "safe", "and", "effective", "as", "180", "micrograms", "of", "albuterol", "aerosol", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol, asthma, aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation, 231, chronic reversible obstructive airway disease, placebo albuterol aerosol, active albuterol powder, active albuterol aerosol, placebo lactose powder, pulmonary function, length of time mean FEV1, physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response, patients ' subjective symptom scores, cardiovascular effects, laboratory values, adverse events, preference for one of the delivery systems, half	76318_task2	Sentence: Comparison of inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol in asthma . In this multicenter , randomized , double-blind study comparing the efficacy and safety of aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation , 231 patients with chronic reversible obstructive airway disease were randomly allocated to receive either placebo albuterol aerosol followed immediately by active albuterol powder ( 200 micrograms ) or active albuterol aerosol ( two puffs , 180 micrograms ) followed immediately by placebo lactose powder four times a day for a period of 12 weeks . No statistically significant differences were found between the powder and aerosol formulations with respect to pulmonary function , length of time mean FEV1 remained greater than or equal to 15 % above baseline , physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response , or patients ' subjective symptom scores . There were also no significant differences between treatment groups in cardiovascular effects , laboratory values , or adverse events . Among patients who expressed a preference for one of the delivery systems , half preferred using the powder . Results of this study demonstrate that 200 micrograms of albuterol powder is as safe and effective as 180 micrograms of albuterol aerosol . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Comparison of inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol in asthma . In this multicenter , randomized , double-blind study comparing the efficacy and safety of aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation , 231 patients with chronic reversible obstructive airway disease were randomly allocated to receive either placebo albuterol aerosol followed immediately by active albuterol powder ( 200 micrograms ) or active albuterol aerosol ( two puffs , 180 micrograms ) followed immediately by placebo lactose powder four times a day for a period of 12 weeks . No statistically significant differences were found between the powder and aerosol formulations with respect to pulmonary function , length of time mean FEV1 remained greater than or equal to 15 % above baseline , physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response , or patients ' subjective symptom scores . There were also no significant differences between treatment groups in cardiovascular effects , laboratory values , or adverse events . Among patients who expressed a preference for one of the delivery systems , half preferred using the powder . Results of this study demonstrate that 200 micrograms of albuterol powder is as safe and effective as 180 micrograms of albuterol aerosol .	[ "Comparison", "of", "inhaled", "albuterol", "powder", "and", "aerosol", "in", "asthma", ".", "In", "this", "multicenter", ",", "randomized", ",", "double", "-", "blind", "study", "comparing", "the", "efficacy", "and", "safety", "of", "aerosolized", "albuterol", "with", "the", "dry", "powder", "formulation", ",", "231", "patients", "with", "chronic", "reversible", "obstructive", "airway", "disease", "were", "randomly", "allocated", "to", "receive", "either", "placebo", "albuterol", "aerosol", "followed", "immediately", "by", "active", "albuterol", "powder", "(", "200", "micrograms", ")", "or", "active", "albuterol", "aerosol", "(", "two", "puffs", ",", "180", "micrograms", ")", "followed", "immediately", "by", "placebo", "lactose", "powder", "four", "times", "a", "day", "for", "a", "period", "of", "12", "weeks", ".", "No", "statistically", "significant", "differences", "were", "found", "between", "the", "powder", "and", "aerosol", "formulations", "with", "respect", "to", "pulmonary", "function", ",", "length", "of", "time", "mean", "FEV1", "remained", "greater", "than", "or", "equal", "to", "15", "%", "above", "baseline", ",", "physicians", "'", "assessments", "of", "patients", "'", "clinical", "response", ",", "or", "patients", "'", "subjective", "symptom", "scores", ".", "There", "were", "also", "no", "significant", "differences", "between", "treatment", "groups", "in", "cardiovascular", "effects", ",", "laboratory", "values", ",", "or", "adverse", "events", ".", "Among", "patients", "who", "expressed", "a", "preference", "for", "one", "of", "the", "delivery", "systems", ",", "half", "preferred", "using", "the", "powder", ".", "Results", "of", "this", "study", "demonstrate", "that", "200", "micrograms", "of", "albuterol", "powder", "is", "as", "safe", "and", "effective", "as", "180", "micrograms", "of", "albuterol", "aerosol", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
Belastung is an umlsterm, Halswirbelsaeule is an umlsterm, Halsverletzungen is an umlsterm, Schleudertrauma is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Halses is an umlsterm, Halswirbelkanals is an umlsterm, Druckveraenderungen is an umlsterm, ZNS is an umlsterm, Gewebeschaeden is an umlsterm, Belastung is an umlsterm, Schweine is an umlsterm, Schleudertrauma is an umlsterm, Belastung is an umlsterm, Halswirbelfraktur is an umlsterm, Belastung is an umlsterm, Pulsdruck is an umlsterm, Halswirbelkanal is an umlsterm, Zellmembran is an umlsterm, Spinalganglien is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Weichteilverletzungen is an umlsterm, Halses is an umlsterm, Kopf is an umlsterm, Schweines is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Halsbewegungen is an umlsterm, Extension is an umlsterm, Belastung is an umlsterm, Halses is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Schweinen is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Druckhypothese is an umlsterm, theoretischen Modells is an umlsterm, Halsverletzungen is an umlsterm, Risiko is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Halsretraktion is an umlsterm, Beschleunigung is an umlsterm, Kopf is an umlsterm	DerOrthopaede.80270820.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Die mechanische Belastung der Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) bei Autounfaellen verursacht oft eine Reihe von Halsverletzungen , die unter dem Begriff Schleudertrauma zusammengefasst werden . Mehrere dieser Symptome koennen moeglicherweise durch Verletzungen im Bereich der Nervenwurzeln der HWS erklaert werden . Die Hypothese wurde aufgestellt , dass waehrend der Extensions- und Flexionsbewegungen des Halses , aufgrund von haemodynamischen Auswirkungen , Aenderungen des inneren Volumens des Halswirbelkanals kurzzeitige Druckveraenderungen im ZNS verursachen und dass dadurch Gewebeschaeden durch die mechanische Belastung der Nervenwurzel entstehen . Um die Hypothese zu ueberpruefen , wurden anaesthesierte Schweine einem experimentellen Schleudertrauma mit Extensions- , Flexions- und Seitneigungsbewegungen ausgesetzt . Die traumatische Belastung wurde unterhalb einer Stufe gehalten , bei der eine Halswirbelfraktur stattfinden koennte . Waehrend der Belastung wurde der Pulsdruck im Halswirbelkanal gemessen . In diesem Zusammenhang ergaben sich Hinweise einer Dysfunktion der Zellmembran bei Nervenzellkoerpern der Spinalganglien . Die ganglionaeren Verletzungen koennen moeglicherweise einige der mit Weichteilverletzungen des Halses nach Autounfaellen einhergehenden Symptome erklaeren . Um die Situation bei einem Auffahrunfall zu simulieren , wurde der Kopf des Schweines rueckwaerts vom Torso weggezogen . Dabei wurde festgestellt , dass die ganglionaeren Verletzungen zu einem sehr fruehen Zeitpunkt waehrend der Halsbewegungen stattfinden und zwar in der Phase , in der die Bewegung von der Retraktion zur Extension wechselt . Bei einer aehnlichen , jedoch statischen Belastung des Halses wurden keine ganglionaeren Verletzungen bei den Schweinen festgestellt . Dies ist ein Hinweis darauf , dass diese Verletzungen durch dynamische Faktoren verursacht werden und bietet somit weitere Unterstuetzung fuer die Druckhypothese . Auf der Basis eines theoretischen Modells wurden Kriterien fuer Halsverletzungen ( neck injury criterion = NIC ) entwickelt . Es weist darauf hin , dass das Risiko von ganglionaeren Verletzungen am Punkt der maximalen Halsretraktion durch die unterschiedliche horizontale Beschleunigung und Geschwindigkeit zwischen Kopf und oberem Torso bestimmt wird . 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Mehrere dieser Symptome koennen moeglicherweise durch Verletzungen im Bereich der Nervenwurzeln der HWS erklaert werden . Die Hypothese wurde aufgestellt , dass waehrend der Extensions- und Flexionsbewegungen des Halses , aufgrund von haemodynamischen Auswirkungen , Aenderungen des inneren Volumens des Halswirbelkanals kurzzeitige Druckveraenderungen im ZNS verursachen und dass dadurch Gewebeschaeden durch die mechanische Belastung der Nervenwurzel entstehen . Um die Hypothese zu ueberpruefen , wurden anaesthesierte Schweine einem experimentellen Schleudertrauma mit Extensions- , Flexions- und Seitneigungsbewegungen ausgesetzt . Die traumatische Belastung wurde unterhalb einer Stufe gehalten , bei der eine Halswirbelfraktur stattfinden koennte . Waehrend der Belastung wurde der Pulsdruck im Halswirbelkanal gemessen . In diesem Zusammenhang ergaben sich Hinweise einer Dysfunktion der Zellmembran bei Nervenzellkoerpern der Spinalganglien . Die ganglionaeren Verletzungen koennen moeglicherweise einige der mit Weichteilverletzungen des Halses nach Autounfaellen einhergehenden Symptome erklaeren . Um die Situation bei einem Auffahrunfall zu simulieren , wurde der Kopf des Schweines rueckwaerts vom Torso weggezogen . Dabei wurde festgestellt , dass die ganglionaeren Verletzungen zu einem sehr fruehen Zeitpunkt waehrend der Halsbewegungen stattfinden und zwar in der Phase , in der die Bewegung von der Retraktion zur Extension wechselt . Bei einer aehnlichen , jedoch statischen Belastung des Halses wurden keine ganglionaeren Verletzungen bei den Schweinen festgestellt . Dies ist ein Hinweis darauf , dass diese Verletzungen durch dynamische Faktoren verursacht werden und bietet somit weitere Unterstuetzung fuer die Druckhypothese . Auf der Basis eines theoretischen Modells wurden Kriterien fuer Halsverletzungen ( neck injury criterion = NIC ) entwickelt . Es weist darauf hin , dass das Risiko von ganglionaeren Verletzungen am Punkt der maximalen Halsretraktion durch die unterschiedliche horizontale Beschleunigung und Geschwindigkeit zwischen Kopf und oberem Torso bestimmt wird .	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Belastung is an umlsterm, Halswirbelsaeule is an umlsterm, Halsverletzungen is an umlsterm, Schleudertrauma is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Halses is an umlsterm, Halswirbelkanals is an umlsterm, Druckveraenderungen is an umlsterm, ZNS is an umlsterm, Gewebeschaeden is an umlsterm, Belastung is an umlsterm, Schweine is an umlsterm, Schleudertrauma is an umlsterm, Belastung is an umlsterm, Halswirbelfraktur is an umlsterm, Belastung is an umlsterm, Pulsdruck is an umlsterm, Halswirbelkanal is an umlsterm, Zellmembran is an umlsterm, Spinalganglien is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Weichteilverletzungen is an umlsterm, Halses is an umlsterm, Kopf is an umlsterm, Schweines is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Halsbewegungen is an umlsterm, Extension is an umlsterm, Belastung is an umlsterm, Halses is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Schweinen is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Druckhypothese is an umlsterm, theoretischen Modells is an umlsterm, Halsverletzungen is an umlsterm, Risiko is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Halsretraktion is an umlsterm, Beschleunigung is an umlsterm, Kopf is an umlsterm	DerOrthopaede.80270820.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Die mechanische Belastung der Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) bei Autounfaellen verursacht oft eine Reihe von Halsverletzungen , die unter dem Begriff Schleudertrauma zusammengefasst werden . Mehrere dieser Symptome koennen moeglicherweise durch Verletzungen im Bereich der Nervenwurzeln der HWS erklaert werden . Die Hypothese wurde aufgestellt , dass waehrend der Extensions- und Flexionsbewegungen des Halses , aufgrund von haemodynamischen Auswirkungen , Aenderungen des inneren Volumens des Halswirbelkanals kurzzeitige Druckveraenderungen im ZNS verursachen und dass dadurch Gewebeschaeden durch die mechanische Belastung der Nervenwurzel entstehen . Um die Hypothese zu ueberpruefen , wurden anaesthesierte Schweine einem experimentellen Schleudertrauma mit Extensions- , Flexions- und Seitneigungsbewegungen ausgesetzt . Die traumatische Belastung wurde unterhalb einer Stufe gehalten , bei der eine Halswirbelfraktur stattfinden koennte . Waehrend der Belastung wurde der Pulsdruck im Halswirbelkanal gemessen . In diesem Zusammenhang ergaben sich Hinweise einer Dysfunktion der Zellmembran bei Nervenzellkoerpern der Spinalganglien . Die ganglionaeren Verletzungen koennen moeglicherweise einige der mit Weichteilverletzungen des Halses nach Autounfaellen einhergehenden Symptome erklaeren . Um die Situation bei einem Auffahrunfall zu simulieren , wurde der Kopf des Schweines rueckwaerts vom Torso weggezogen . Dabei wurde festgestellt , dass die ganglionaeren Verletzungen zu einem sehr fruehen Zeitpunkt waehrend der Halsbewegungen stattfinden und zwar in der Phase , in der die Bewegung von der Retraktion zur Extension wechselt . Bei einer aehnlichen , jedoch statischen Belastung des Halses wurden keine ganglionaeren Verletzungen bei den Schweinen festgestellt . Dies ist ein Hinweis darauf , dass diese Verletzungen durch dynamische Faktoren verursacht werden und bietet somit weitere Unterstuetzung fuer die Druckhypothese . Auf der Basis eines theoretischen Modells wurden Kriterien fuer Halsverletzungen ( neck injury criterion = NIC ) entwickelt . Es weist darauf hin , dass das Risiko von ganglionaeren Verletzungen am Punkt der maximalen Halsretraktion durch die unterschiedliche horizontale Beschleunigung und Geschwindigkeit zwischen Kopf und oberem Torso bestimmt wird . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Belastung, Halswirbelsaeule, Halsverletzungen, Schleudertrauma, Verletzungen, Halses, Halswirbelkanals, Druckveraenderungen, ZNS, Gewebeschaeden, Belastung, Schweine, Schleudertrauma, Belastung, Halswirbelfraktur, Belastung, Pulsdruck, Halswirbelkanal, Zellmembran, Spinalganglien, Verletzungen, Weichteilverletzungen, Halses, Kopf, Schweines, Verletzungen, Halsbewegungen, Extension, Belastung, Halses, Verletzungen, Schweinen, Verletzungen, Druckhypothese, theoretischen Modells, Halsverletzungen, Risiko, Verletzungen, Halsretraktion, Beschleunigung, Kopf Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Die mechanische Belastung der Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) bei Autounfaellen verursacht oft eine Reihe von Halsverletzungen , die unter dem Begriff Schleudertrauma zusammengefasst werden . Mehrere dieser Symptome koennen moeglicherweise durch Verletzungen im Bereich der Nervenwurzeln der HWS erklaert werden . Die Hypothese wurde aufgestellt , dass waehrend der Extensions- und Flexionsbewegungen des Halses , aufgrund von haemodynamischen Auswirkungen , Aenderungen des inneren Volumens des Halswirbelkanals kurzzeitige Druckveraenderungen im ZNS verursachen und dass dadurch Gewebeschaeden durch die mechanische Belastung der Nervenwurzel entstehen . Um die Hypothese zu ueberpruefen , wurden anaesthesierte Schweine einem experimentellen Schleudertrauma mit Extensions- , Flexions- und Seitneigungsbewegungen ausgesetzt . Die traumatische Belastung wurde unterhalb einer Stufe gehalten , bei der eine Halswirbelfraktur stattfinden koennte . Waehrend der Belastung wurde der Pulsdruck im Halswirbelkanal gemessen . In diesem Zusammenhang ergaben sich Hinweise einer Dysfunktion der Zellmembran bei Nervenzellkoerpern der Spinalganglien . Die ganglionaeren Verletzungen koennen moeglicherweise einige der mit Weichteilverletzungen des Halses nach Autounfaellen einhergehenden Symptome erklaeren . Um die Situation bei einem Auffahrunfall zu simulieren , wurde der Kopf des Schweines rueckwaerts vom Torso weggezogen . Dabei wurde festgestellt , dass die ganglionaeren Verletzungen zu einem sehr fruehen Zeitpunkt waehrend der Halsbewegungen stattfinden und zwar in der Phase , in der die Bewegung von der Retraktion zur Extension wechselt . Bei einer aehnlichen , jedoch statischen Belastung des Halses wurden keine ganglionaeren Verletzungen bei den Schweinen festgestellt . Dies ist ein Hinweis darauf , dass diese Verletzungen durch dynamische Faktoren verursacht werden und bietet somit weitere Unterstuetzung fuer die Druckhypothese . Auf der Basis eines theoretischen Modells wurden Kriterien fuer Halsverletzungen ( neck injury criterion = NIC ) entwickelt . Es weist darauf hin , dass das Risiko von ganglionaeren Verletzungen am Punkt der maximalen Halsretraktion durch die unterschiedliche horizontale Beschleunigung und Geschwindigkeit zwischen Kopf und oberem Torso bestimmt wird .	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Belastung, Halswirbelsaeule, Halsverletzungen, Schleudertrauma, Verletzungen, Halses, Halswirbelkanals, Druckveraenderungen, ZNS, Gewebeschaeden, Belastung, Schweine, Schleudertrauma, Belastung, Halswirbelfraktur, Belastung, Pulsdruck, Halswirbelkanal, Zellmembran, Spinalganglien, Verletzungen, Weichteilverletzungen, Halses, Kopf, Schweines, Verletzungen, Halsbewegungen, Extension, Belastung, Halses, Verletzungen, Schweinen, Verletzungen, Druckhypothese, theoretischen Modells, Halsverletzungen, Risiko, Verletzungen, Halsretraktion, Beschleunigung, Kopf	DerOrthopaede.80270820.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Die mechanische Belastung der Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) bei Autounfaellen verursacht oft eine Reihe von Halsverletzungen , die unter dem Begriff Schleudertrauma zusammengefasst werden . Mehrere dieser Symptome koennen moeglicherweise durch Verletzungen im Bereich der Nervenwurzeln der HWS erklaert werden . Die Hypothese wurde aufgestellt , dass waehrend der Extensions- und Flexionsbewegungen des Halses , aufgrund von haemodynamischen Auswirkungen , Aenderungen des inneren Volumens des Halswirbelkanals kurzzeitige Druckveraenderungen im ZNS verursachen und dass dadurch Gewebeschaeden durch die mechanische Belastung der Nervenwurzel entstehen . Um die Hypothese zu ueberpruefen , wurden anaesthesierte Schweine einem experimentellen Schleudertrauma mit Extensions- , Flexions- und Seitneigungsbewegungen ausgesetzt . Die traumatische Belastung wurde unterhalb einer Stufe gehalten , bei der eine Halswirbelfraktur stattfinden koennte . Waehrend der Belastung wurde der Pulsdruck im Halswirbelkanal gemessen . In diesem Zusammenhang ergaben sich Hinweise einer Dysfunktion der Zellmembran bei Nervenzellkoerpern der Spinalganglien . Die ganglionaeren Verletzungen koennen moeglicherweise einige der mit Weichteilverletzungen des Halses nach Autounfaellen einhergehenden Symptome erklaeren . Um die Situation bei einem Auffahrunfall zu simulieren , wurde der Kopf des Schweines rueckwaerts vom Torso weggezogen . Dabei wurde festgestellt , dass die ganglionaeren Verletzungen zu einem sehr fruehen Zeitpunkt waehrend der Halsbewegungen stattfinden und zwar in der Phase , in der die Bewegung von der Retraktion zur Extension wechselt . Bei einer aehnlichen , jedoch statischen Belastung des Halses wurden keine ganglionaeren Verletzungen bei den Schweinen festgestellt . Dies ist ein Hinweis darauf , dass diese Verletzungen durch dynamische Faktoren verursacht werden und bietet somit weitere Unterstuetzung fuer die Druckhypothese . Auf der Basis eines theoretischen Modells wurden Kriterien fuer Halsverletzungen ( neck injury criterion = NIC ) entwickelt . Es weist darauf hin , dass das Risiko von ganglionaeren Verletzungen am Punkt der maximalen Halsretraktion durch die unterschiedliche horizontale Beschleunigung und Geschwindigkeit zwischen Kopf und oberem Torso bestimmt wird . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Die mechanische Belastung der Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) bei Autounfaellen verursacht oft eine Reihe von Halsverletzungen , die unter dem Begriff Schleudertrauma zusammengefasst werden . Mehrere dieser Symptome koennen moeglicherweise durch Verletzungen im Bereich der Nervenwurzeln der HWS erklaert werden . Die Hypothese wurde aufgestellt , dass waehrend der Extensions- und Flexionsbewegungen des Halses , aufgrund von haemodynamischen Auswirkungen , Aenderungen des inneren Volumens des Halswirbelkanals kurzzeitige Druckveraenderungen im ZNS verursachen und dass dadurch Gewebeschaeden durch die mechanische Belastung der Nervenwurzel entstehen . Um die Hypothese zu ueberpruefen , wurden anaesthesierte Schweine einem experimentellen Schleudertrauma mit Extensions- , Flexions- und Seitneigungsbewegungen ausgesetzt . Die traumatische Belastung wurde unterhalb einer Stufe gehalten , bei der eine Halswirbelfraktur stattfinden koennte . Waehrend der Belastung wurde der Pulsdruck im Halswirbelkanal gemessen . In diesem Zusammenhang ergaben sich Hinweise einer Dysfunktion der Zellmembran bei Nervenzellkoerpern der Spinalganglien . Die ganglionaeren Verletzungen koennen moeglicherweise einige der mit Weichteilverletzungen des Halses nach Autounfaellen einhergehenden Symptome erklaeren . Um die Situation bei einem Auffahrunfall zu simulieren , wurde der Kopf des Schweines rueckwaerts vom Torso weggezogen . Dabei wurde festgestellt , dass die ganglionaeren Verletzungen zu einem sehr fruehen Zeitpunkt waehrend der Halsbewegungen stattfinden und zwar in der Phase , in der die Bewegung von der Retraktion zur Extension wechselt . Bei einer aehnlichen , jedoch statischen Belastung des Halses wurden keine ganglionaeren Verletzungen bei den Schweinen festgestellt . Dies ist ein Hinweis darauf , dass diese Verletzungen durch dynamische Faktoren verursacht werden und bietet somit weitere Unterstuetzung fuer die Druckhypothese . Auf der Basis eines theoretischen Modells wurden Kriterien fuer Halsverletzungen ( neck injury criterion = NIC ) entwickelt . Es weist darauf hin , dass das Risiko von ganglionaeren Verletzungen am Punkt der maximalen Halsretraktion durch die unterschiedliche horizontale Beschleunigung und Geschwindigkeit zwischen Kopf und oberem Torso bestimmt wird .	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ADAMTS10 is a Gene, ADAMTS17 is a Gene, ADAMTS10 is a Gene, FBN1 is a Gene, ADAMTS10 is a Gene, ADAMTS17 is a Gene, ADAMTS17 is a Gene, ADAMTS17 is a Gene	402_task0	Sentence: Homozygous mutations in ADAMTS10 and ADAMTS17 cause lenticular myopia, ectopia lentis, glaucoma, spherophakia, and short stature. Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a well-characterized disorder in which patients develop eye and skeletal abnormalities. Autosomal-recessive and autosomal-dominant forms of WMS are caused by mutations in ADAMTS10 and FBN1 genes, respectively. Here we report on 13 patients from seven unrelated families from the Arabian Peninsula. These patients have a constellation of features that fall within the WMS spectrum and follow an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance. Individuals who came from two families and met the diagnostic criteria for WMS were each found to have a different homozygous missense mutation in ADAMTS10. Linkage analysis and direct sequencing of candidate genes in another two families and a sporadic case with phenotypes best described as WMS-like led to the identification of three homozygous mutations in the closely related ADAMTS17 gene. Our clinical and genetic findings suggest that ADAMTS17 plays a role in crystalline lens zonules and connective tissue formation and that mutations in ADAMTS17 are sufficient to produce some of the main features typically described in WMS. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Gene	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Homozygous mutations in ADAMTS10 and ADAMTS17 cause lenticular myopia, ectopia lentis, glaucoma, spherophakia, and short stature. Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a well-characterized disorder in which patients develop eye and skeletal abnormalities. Autosomal-recessive and autosomal-dominant forms of WMS are caused by mutations in ADAMTS10 and FBN1 genes, respectively. Here we report on 13 patients from seven unrelated families from the Arabian Peninsula. These patients have a constellation of features that fall within the WMS spectrum and follow an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance. Individuals who came from two families and met the diagnostic criteria for WMS were each found to have a different homozygous missense mutation in ADAMTS10. Linkage analysis and direct sequencing of candidate genes in another two families and a sporadic case with phenotypes best described as WMS-like led to the identification of three homozygous mutations in the closely related ADAMTS17 gene. Our clinical and genetic findings suggest that ADAMTS17 plays a role in crystalline lens zonules and connective tissue formation and that mutations in ADAMTS17 are sufficient to produce some of the main features typically described in WMS.	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ADAMTS10 is a Gene, ADAMTS17 is a Gene, ADAMTS10 is a Gene, FBN1 is a Gene, ADAMTS10 is a Gene, ADAMTS17 is a Gene, ADAMTS17 is a Gene, ADAMTS17 is a Gene	402_task1	Sentence: Homozygous mutations in ADAMTS10 and ADAMTS17 cause lenticular myopia, ectopia lentis, glaucoma, spherophakia, and short stature. Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a well-characterized disorder in which patients develop eye and skeletal abnormalities. Autosomal-recessive and autosomal-dominant forms of WMS are caused by mutations in ADAMTS10 and FBN1 genes, respectively. Here we report on 13 patients from seven unrelated families from the Arabian Peninsula. These patients have a constellation of features that fall within the WMS spectrum and follow an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance. Individuals who came from two families and met the diagnostic criteria for WMS were each found to have a different homozygous missense mutation in ADAMTS10. Linkage analysis and direct sequencing of candidate genes in another two families and a sporadic case with phenotypes best described as WMS-like led to the identification of three homozygous mutations in the closely related ADAMTS17 gene. Our clinical and genetic findings suggest that ADAMTS17 plays a role in crystalline lens zonules and connective tissue formation and that mutations in ADAMTS17 are sufficient to produce some of the main features typically described in WMS. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ADAMTS10, ADAMTS17, ADAMTS10, FBN1, ADAMTS10, ADAMTS17, ADAMTS17, ADAMTS17 Options: Gene	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Homozygous mutations in ADAMTS10 and ADAMTS17 cause lenticular myopia, ectopia lentis, glaucoma, spherophakia, and short stature. Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a well-characterized disorder in which patients develop eye and skeletal abnormalities. Autosomal-recessive and autosomal-dominant forms of WMS are caused by mutations in ADAMTS10 and FBN1 genes, respectively. Here we report on 13 patients from seven unrelated families from the Arabian Peninsula. These patients have a constellation of features that fall within the WMS spectrum and follow an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance. Individuals who came from two families and met the diagnostic criteria for WMS were each found to have a different homozygous missense mutation in ADAMTS10. Linkage analysis and direct sequencing of candidate genes in another two families and a sporadic case with phenotypes best described as WMS-like led to the identification of three homozygous mutations in the closely related ADAMTS17 gene. Our clinical and genetic findings suggest that ADAMTS17 plays a role in crystalline lens zonules and connective tissue formation and that mutations in ADAMTS17 are sufficient to produce some of the main features typically described in WMS.	[ "Homozygous", "mutations", "in", "ADAMTS10", "and", "ADAMTS17", "cause", "lenticular", "myopia", ",", "ectopia", "lentis", ",", "glaucoma", ",", "spherophakia", ",", "and", "short", "stature", ".", "Weill", "-", "Marchesani", "syndrome", "(", "WMS", ")", "is", "a", "well", "-", "characterized", "disorder", "in", "which", "patients", "develop", "eye", "and", "skeletal", "abnormalities", ".", "Autosomal", "-", "recessive", "and", "autosomal", "-", "dominant", "forms", "of", "WMS", "are", "caused", "by", "mutations", "in", "ADAMTS10", "and", "FBN1", "genes", ",", "respectively", ".", "Here", "we", "report", "on", "13", "patients", "from", "seven", "unrelated", "families", "from", "the", "Arabian", "Peninsula", ".", "These", "patients", "have", "a", "constellation", "of", "features", "that", "fall", "within", "the", "WMS", "spectrum", "and", "follow", "an", "autosomal", "-", "recessive", "mode", "of", "inheritance", ".", "Individuals", "who", "came", "from", "two", "families", "and", "met", "the", "diagnostic", "criteria", "for", "WMS", "were", "each", "found", "to", "have", "a", "different", "homozygous", "missense", "mutation", "in", "ADAMTS10", ".", "Linkage", "analysis", "and", "direct", "sequencing", "of", "candidate", "genes", "in", "another", "two", "families", "and", "a", "sporadic", "case", "with", "phenotypes", "best", "described", "as", "WMS", "-", "like", "led", "to", "the", "identification", "of", "three", "homozygous", "mutations", "in", "the", "closely", "related", "ADAMTS17", "gene", ".", "Our", "clinical", "and", "genetic", "findings", "suggest", "that", "ADAMTS17", "plays", "a", "role", "in", "crystalline", "lens", "zonules", "and", "connective", "tissue", "formation", "and", "that", "mutations", "in", "ADAMTS17", "are", "sufficient", "to", "produce", "some", "of", "the", "main", "features", "typically", "described", "in", "WMS", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Gene" ]
ADAMTS10, ADAMTS17, ADAMTS10, FBN1, ADAMTS10, ADAMTS17, ADAMTS17, ADAMTS17	402_task2	Sentence: Homozygous mutations in ADAMTS10 and ADAMTS17 cause lenticular myopia, ectopia lentis, glaucoma, spherophakia, and short stature. Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a well-characterized disorder in which patients develop eye and skeletal abnormalities. Autosomal-recessive and autosomal-dominant forms of WMS are caused by mutations in ADAMTS10 and FBN1 genes, respectively. Here we report on 13 patients from seven unrelated families from the Arabian Peninsula. These patients have a constellation of features that fall within the WMS spectrum and follow an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance. Individuals who came from two families and met the diagnostic criteria for WMS were each found to have a different homozygous missense mutation in ADAMTS10. Linkage analysis and direct sequencing of candidate genes in another two families and a sporadic case with phenotypes best described as WMS-like led to the identification of three homozygous mutations in the closely related ADAMTS17 gene. Our clinical and genetic findings suggest that ADAMTS17 plays a role in crystalline lens zonules and connective tissue formation and that mutations in ADAMTS17 are sufficient to produce some of the main features typically described in WMS. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Homozygous mutations in ADAMTS10 and ADAMTS17 cause lenticular myopia, ectopia lentis, glaucoma, spherophakia, and short stature. Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a well-characterized disorder in which patients develop eye and skeletal abnormalities. Autosomal-recessive and autosomal-dominant forms of WMS are caused by mutations in ADAMTS10 and FBN1 genes, respectively. Here we report on 13 patients from seven unrelated families from the Arabian Peninsula. These patients have a constellation of features that fall within the WMS spectrum and follow an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance. Individuals who came from two families and met the diagnostic criteria for WMS were each found to have a different homozygous missense mutation in ADAMTS10. Linkage analysis and direct sequencing of candidate genes in another two families and a sporadic case with phenotypes best described as WMS-like led to the identification of three homozygous mutations in the closely related ADAMTS17 gene. Our clinical and genetic findings suggest that ADAMTS17 plays a role in crystalline lens zonules and connective tissue formation and that mutations in ADAMTS17 are sufficient to produce some of the main features typically described in WMS.	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ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico is a NO_NORMALIZABLES	344_task0	Sentence: Paciente mujer de 9 años de edad que a partir de los 3 años presenta protrusión a nivel de la raíz nasal. En el último año, previo al ingreso, se detecta incremento de dicha deformidad, que provoca alteración cosmética y ansiedad con problemas de escolarización. En la exploración física únicamente destaca abultamiento frontal sobre raíz nasal sin dolor a la palpación ni otros datos patológicos relevantes. El estudio con tomografía computarizada (TC) craneal y resonancia magnética (RM) demuestra deformidad del seno frontal, sin ocupación del mismo; paredes del seno de grosor normal. No hallazgos de lesiones intracraneales. Además presenta de manera concomitante lesión parietal derecha compatible con foco de displasia fibrosa. El estudio hormonal revela niveles dentro de la normalidad para la edad. La paciente es intervenida quirúrgicamente, practicándose incisión coronal que deja expuestos hueso frontal y raíz nasal, pudiéndose apreciar un abombamiento del seno frontal. Se realiza multifragmentación y remodelación de la pared anterior del seno conservando su mucosa, utilizando para ello bisturí ultrasónico. Se reconstruye el defecto óseo con malla reabsorbible (ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico). Por otra parte se realiza resección y remodelamiento de la lesión parietal reponiendo cortical interna. La paciente no presenta complicaciones posquirúrgicas presentando una evolución favorable. El resultado cosmético posterior fue óptimo. El estudio histológico de la lesión parietal fue no patológico. Se realizó seguimiento clínico de la paciente durante únicamente un año, debido a traslado de domicilio por causas familiares, no presentando datos de recidiva ni molestias en región de intervención. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: NO_NORMALIZABLES	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-NO_NORMALIZABLES", "I-NO_NORMALIZABLES", "I-NO_NORMALIZABLES", "I-NO_NORMALIZABLES", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Paciente mujer de 9 años de edad que a partir de los 3 años presenta protrusión a nivel de la raíz nasal. En el último año, previo al ingreso, se detecta incremento de dicha deformidad, que provoca alteración cosmética y ansiedad con problemas de escolarización. En la exploración física únicamente destaca abultamiento frontal sobre raíz nasal sin dolor a la palpación ni otros datos patológicos relevantes. El estudio con tomografía computarizada (TC) craneal y resonancia magnética (RM) demuestra deformidad del seno frontal, sin ocupación del mismo; paredes del seno de grosor normal. No hallazgos de lesiones intracraneales. Además presenta de manera concomitante lesión parietal derecha compatible con foco de displasia fibrosa. El estudio hormonal revela niveles dentro de la normalidad para la edad. La paciente es intervenida quirúrgicamente, practicándose incisión coronal que deja expuestos hueso frontal y raíz nasal, pudiéndose apreciar un abombamiento del seno frontal. Se realiza multifragmentación y remodelación de la pared anterior del seno conservando su mucosa, utilizando para ello bisturí ultrasónico. Se reconstruye el defecto óseo con malla reabsorbible (ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico). Por otra parte se realiza resección y remodelamiento de la lesión parietal reponiendo cortical interna. La paciente no presenta complicaciones posquirúrgicas presentando una evolución favorable. El resultado cosmético posterior fue óptimo. El estudio histológico de la lesión parietal fue no patológico. Se realizó seguimiento clínico de la paciente durante únicamente un año, debido a traslado de domicilio por causas familiares, no presentando datos de recidiva ni molestias en región de intervención.	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ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico is a NO_NORMALIZABLES	344_task1	Sentence: Paciente mujer de 9 años de edad que a partir de los 3 años presenta protrusión a nivel de la raíz nasal. En el último año, previo al ingreso, se detecta incremento de dicha deformidad, que provoca alteración cosmética y ansiedad con problemas de escolarización. En la exploración física únicamente destaca abultamiento frontal sobre raíz nasal sin dolor a la palpación ni otros datos patológicos relevantes. El estudio con tomografía computarizada (TC) craneal y resonancia magnética (RM) demuestra deformidad del seno frontal, sin ocupación del mismo; paredes del seno de grosor normal. No hallazgos de lesiones intracraneales. Además presenta de manera concomitante lesión parietal derecha compatible con foco de displasia fibrosa. El estudio hormonal revela niveles dentro de la normalidad para la edad. La paciente es intervenida quirúrgicamente, practicándose incisión coronal que deja expuestos hueso frontal y raíz nasal, pudiéndose apreciar un abombamiento del seno frontal. Se realiza multifragmentación y remodelación de la pared anterior del seno conservando su mucosa, utilizando para ello bisturí ultrasónico. Se reconstruye el defecto óseo con malla reabsorbible (ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico). Por otra parte se realiza resección y remodelamiento de la lesión parietal reponiendo cortical interna. La paciente no presenta complicaciones posquirúrgicas presentando una evolución favorable. El resultado cosmético posterior fue óptimo. El estudio histológico de la lesión parietal fue no patológico. Se realizó seguimiento clínico de la paciente durante únicamente un año, debido a traslado de domicilio por causas familiares, no presentando datos de recidiva ni molestias en región de intervención. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico Options: NO_NORMALIZABLES	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-NO_NORMALIZABLES", "I-NO_NORMALIZABLES", "I-NO_NORMALIZABLES", "I-NO_NORMALIZABLES", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Paciente mujer de 9 años de edad que a partir de los 3 años presenta protrusión a nivel de la raíz nasal. En el último año, previo al ingreso, se detecta incremento de dicha deformidad, que provoca alteración cosmética y ansiedad con problemas de escolarización. En la exploración física únicamente destaca abultamiento frontal sobre raíz nasal sin dolor a la palpación ni otros datos patológicos relevantes. El estudio con tomografía computarizada (TC) craneal y resonancia magnética (RM) demuestra deformidad del seno frontal, sin ocupación del mismo; paredes del seno de grosor normal. No hallazgos de lesiones intracraneales. Además presenta de manera concomitante lesión parietal derecha compatible con foco de displasia fibrosa. El estudio hormonal revela niveles dentro de la normalidad para la edad. La paciente es intervenida quirúrgicamente, practicándose incisión coronal que deja expuestos hueso frontal y raíz nasal, pudiéndose apreciar un abombamiento del seno frontal. Se realiza multifragmentación y remodelación de la pared anterior del seno conservando su mucosa, utilizando para ello bisturí ultrasónico. Se reconstruye el defecto óseo con malla reabsorbible (ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico). Por otra parte se realiza resección y remodelamiento de la lesión parietal reponiendo cortical interna. La paciente no presenta complicaciones posquirúrgicas presentando una evolución favorable. El resultado cosmético posterior fue óptimo. El estudio histológico de la lesión parietal fue no patológico. Se realizó seguimiento clínico de la paciente durante únicamente un año, debido a traslado de domicilio por causas familiares, no presentando datos de recidiva ni molestias en región de intervención.	[ "Paciente", "mujer", "de", "9", "años", "de", "edad", "que", "a", "partir", "de", "los", "3", "años", "presenta", "protrusión", "a", "nivel", "de", "la", "raíz", "nasal", ".", "En", "el", "último", "año", ",", "previo", "al", "ingreso", ",", "se", "detecta", "incremento", "de", "dicha", "deformidad", ",", "que", "provoca", "alteración", "cosmética", "y", "ansiedad", "con", "problemas", "de", "escolarización", ".", "\n", "En", "la", "exploración", "física", "únicamente", "destaca", "abultamiento", "frontal", "sobre", "raíz", "nasal", "sin", "dolor", "a", "la", "palpación", "ni", "otros", "datos", "patológicos", "relevantes", ".", "\n\n", "El", "estudio", "con", "tomografía", "computarizada", "(", "TC", ")", "craneal", "y", "resonancia", "magnética", "(", "RM", ")", "demuestra", "deformidad", "del", "seno", "frontal", ",", "sin", "ocupación", "del", "mismo", ";", "paredes", "del", "seno", "de", "grosor", "normal", ".", "No", "hallazgos", "de", "lesiones", "intracraneales", ".", "Además", "presenta", "de", "manera", "concomitante", "lesión", "parietal", "derecha", "compatible", "con", "foco", "de", "displasia", "fibrosa", ".", "\n\n", "El", "estudio", "hormonal", "revela", "niveles", "dentro", "de", "la", "normalidad", "para", "la", "edad", ".", "\n", "La", "paciente", "es", "intervenida", "quirúrgicamente", ",", "practicándose", "incisión", "coronal", "que", "deja", "expuestos", "hueso", "frontal", "y", "raíz", "nasal", ",", "pudiéndose", "apreciar", "un", "abombamiento", "del", "seno", "frontal", ".", "Se", "realiza", "multifragmentación", "y", "remodelación", "de", "la", "pared", "anterior", "del", "seno", "conservando", "su", "mucosa", ",", "utilizando", "para", "ello", "bisturí", "ultrasónico", ".", "Se", "reconstruye", "el", "defecto", "óseo", "con", "malla", "reabsorbible", "(", "ácidos", "poliláctico", "y", "poliglicólico", ")", ".", "Por", "otra", "parte", "se", "realiza", "resección", "y", "remodelamiento", "de", "la", "lesión", "parietal", "reponiendo", "cortical", "interna", ".", "\n\n", "La", "paciente", "no", "presenta", "complicaciones", "posquirúrgicas", "presentando", "una", "evolución", "favorable", ".", "El", "resultado", "cosmético", "posterior", "fue", "óptimo", ".", "El", "estudio", "histológico", "de", "la", "lesión", "parietal", "fue", "no", "patológico", ".", "Se", "realizó", "seguimiento", "clínico", "de", "la", "paciente", "durante", "únicamente", "un", "año", ",", "debido", "a", "traslado", "de", "domicilio", "por", "causas", "familiares", ",", "no", "presentando", "datos", "de", "recidiva", "ni", "molestias", "en", "región", "de", "intervención", ".", "\n" ]	[ "NO_NORMALIZABLES" ]
ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico	344_task2	Sentence: Paciente mujer de 9 años de edad que a partir de los 3 años presenta protrusión a nivel de la raíz nasal. En el último año, previo al ingreso, se detecta incremento de dicha deformidad, que provoca alteración cosmética y ansiedad con problemas de escolarización. En la exploración física únicamente destaca abultamiento frontal sobre raíz nasal sin dolor a la palpación ni otros datos patológicos relevantes. El estudio con tomografía computarizada (TC) craneal y resonancia magnética (RM) demuestra deformidad del seno frontal, sin ocupación del mismo; paredes del seno de grosor normal. No hallazgos de lesiones intracraneales. Además presenta de manera concomitante lesión parietal derecha compatible con foco de displasia fibrosa. El estudio hormonal revela niveles dentro de la normalidad para la edad. La paciente es intervenida quirúrgicamente, practicándose incisión coronal que deja expuestos hueso frontal y raíz nasal, pudiéndose apreciar un abombamiento del seno frontal. Se realiza multifragmentación y remodelación de la pared anterior del seno conservando su mucosa, utilizando para ello bisturí ultrasónico. Se reconstruye el defecto óseo con malla reabsorbible (ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico). Por otra parte se realiza resección y remodelamiento de la lesión parietal reponiendo cortical interna. La paciente no presenta complicaciones posquirúrgicas presentando una evolución favorable. El resultado cosmético posterior fue óptimo. El estudio histológico de la lesión parietal fue no patológico. Se realizó seguimiento clínico de la paciente durante únicamente un año, debido a traslado de domicilio por causas familiares, no presentando datos de recidiva ni molestias en región de intervención. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-NO_NORMALIZABLES", "I-NO_NORMALIZABLES", "I-NO_NORMALIZABLES", "I-NO_NORMALIZABLES", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Paciente mujer de 9 años de edad que a partir de los 3 años presenta protrusión a nivel de la raíz nasal. En el último año, previo al ingreso, se detecta incremento de dicha deformidad, que provoca alteración cosmética y ansiedad con problemas de escolarización. En la exploración física únicamente destaca abultamiento frontal sobre raíz nasal sin dolor a la palpación ni otros datos patológicos relevantes. El estudio con tomografía computarizada (TC) craneal y resonancia magnética (RM) demuestra deformidad del seno frontal, sin ocupación del mismo; paredes del seno de grosor normal. No hallazgos de lesiones intracraneales. Además presenta de manera concomitante lesión parietal derecha compatible con foco de displasia fibrosa. El estudio hormonal revela niveles dentro de la normalidad para la edad. La paciente es intervenida quirúrgicamente, practicándose incisión coronal que deja expuestos hueso frontal y raíz nasal, pudiéndose apreciar un abombamiento del seno frontal. Se realiza multifragmentación y remodelación de la pared anterior del seno conservando su mucosa, utilizando para ello bisturí ultrasónico. Se reconstruye el defecto óseo con malla reabsorbible (ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico). Por otra parte se realiza resección y remodelamiento de la lesión parietal reponiendo cortical interna. La paciente no presenta complicaciones posquirúrgicas presentando una evolución favorable. El resultado cosmético posterior fue óptimo. El estudio histológico de la lesión parietal fue no patológico. Se realizó seguimiento clínico de la paciente durante únicamente un año, debido a traslado de domicilio por causas familiares, no presentando datos de recidiva ni molestias en región de intervención.	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esteroides is a NORMALIZABLES	454_task0	Sentence: Varón de tres años y medio afecto de daño neurológico grave secundario a accidente cerebrovascular agudo (ACV) isquémico perinatal. Acude a consulta con su madre, que nos relata un llanto inusual desde hace unas semanas y la sospecha de que el niño tiene dolor en las manos. Asimismo nos comenta que el niño recibe desde hace unas semanas tratamiento con esteroides orales, pues en el seguimiento de su daño neurológico, al consultar por los síntomas del aparato locomotor, se sospechó artritis crónica idiopática con radiografía normal de manos y muñecas. Es hijo único de padres no consanguíneos. El padre tiende un problema óseo en las muñecas desde la infancia; recuerda haber padecido dolores en las muñecas cuando era niño y nos refiere que no tiene los huesos de las muñecas, que conserva movilidad normal y que no le supone problemas en su profesión de conductor de coches. La exploración física del niño está condicionada por su daño neurológico (emite gritos, sin lenguaje de otro tipo y escucha y atiende cuando se le habla, sonriendo con las caricias); no es capaz de deambulación sin ayuda; una hemiplejia izquierda derivada de su ACV perinatal y los datos propios de espasticidad. La somatometría recoge un perímetro craneal de 46 cm (< P3), una longitud de 104 cm (P25-50) y un peso de 16,5 Kg (P50). Los valores de presión arterial son normales (111/66 mmHg). No se aprecian rasgos dismórficos. Llama la atención el intento repetido del niño de morderse su muñeca derecha. No hay signos inflamatorios y se expresa con gemidos ante la movilización repetida de esa muñeca derecha. No apreciamos afectación de otras articulaciones. El padre tiene una talla de 180 cm, pero su envergadura está reducida a 164 cm. Su mano mide 18,7 cm de longitud (resulta acortada 4 cm para su estatura) con un tercer dedo de 8,3 cm (normal). La radiografía paterna muestra ausencia bilateral del carpo. La radiografía del niño muestra lesiones carpales compatibles con osteólisis carpiana y lesiones en el escafoides tarsiano unilaterales. Solicitamos consulta al servicio de genética donde se estudia y se confirma el diagnóstico de osteólisis multicéntrica carpotarsal de transmisión autosómica dominante sin nefropatía. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: NORMALIZABLES	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-NORMALIZABLES", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Varón de tres años y medio afecto de daño neurológico grave secundario a accidente cerebrovascular agudo (ACV) isquémico perinatal. Acude a consulta con su madre, que nos relata un llanto inusual desde hace unas semanas y la sospecha de que el niño tiene dolor en las manos. Asimismo nos comenta que el niño recibe desde hace unas semanas tratamiento con esteroides orales, pues en el seguimiento de su daño neurológico, al consultar por los síntomas del aparato locomotor, se sospechó artritis crónica idiopática con radiografía normal de manos y muñecas. Es hijo único de padres no consanguíneos. El padre tiende un problema óseo en las muñecas desde la infancia; recuerda haber padecido dolores en las muñecas cuando era niño y nos refiere que no tiene los huesos de las muñecas, que conserva movilidad normal y que no le supone problemas en su profesión de conductor de coches. La exploración física del niño está condicionada por su daño neurológico (emite gritos, sin lenguaje de otro tipo y escucha y atiende cuando se le habla, sonriendo con las caricias); no es capaz de deambulación sin ayuda; una hemiplejia izquierda derivada de su ACV perinatal y los datos propios de espasticidad. La somatometría recoge un perímetro craneal de 46 cm (< P3), una longitud de 104 cm (P25-50) y un peso de 16,5 Kg (P50). Los valores de presión arterial son normales (111/66 mmHg). No se aprecian rasgos dismórficos. Llama la atención el intento repetido del niño de morderse su muñeca derecha. No hay signos inflamatorios y se expresa con gemidos ante la movilización repetida de esa muñeca derecha. No apreciamos afectación de otras articulaciones. El padre tiene una talla de 180 cm, pero su envergadura está reducida a 164 cm. Su mano mide 18,7 cm de longitud (resulta acortada 4 cm para su estatura) con un tercer dedo de 8,3 cm (normal). La radiografía paterna muestra ausencia bilateral del carpo. La radiografía del niño muestra lesiones carpales compatibles con osteólisis carpiana y lesiones en el escafoides tarsiano unilaterales. Solicitamos consulta al servicio de genética donde se estudia y se confirma el diagnóstico de osteólisis multicéntrica carpotarsal de transmisión autosómica dominante sin nefropatía.	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esteroides is a NORMALIZABLES	454_task1	Sentence: Varón de tres años y medio afecto de daño neurológico grave secundario a accidente cerebrovascular agudo (ACV) isquémico perinatal. Acude a consulta con su madre, que nos relata un llanto inusual desde hace unas semanas y la sospecha de que el niño tiene dolor en las manos. Asimismo nos comenta que el niño recibe desde hace unas semanas tratamiento con esteroides orales, pues en el seguimiento de su daño neurológico, al consultar por los síntomas del aparato locomotor, se sospechó artritis crónica idiopática con radiografía normal de manos y muñecas. Es hijo único de padres no consanguíneos. El padre tiende un problema óseo en las muñecas desde la infancia; recuerda haber padecido dolores en las muñecas cuando era niño y nos refiere que no tiene los huesos de las muñecas, que conserva movilidad normal y que no le supone problemas en su profesión de conductor de coches. La exploración física del niño está condicionada por su daño neurológico (emite gritos, sin lenguaje de otro tipo y escucha y atiende cuando se le habla, sonriendo con las caricias); no es capaz de deambulación sin ayuda; una hemiplejia izquierda derivada de su ACV perinatal y los datos propios de espasticidad. La somatometría recoge un perímetro craneal de 46 cm (< P3), una longitud de 104 cm (P25-50) y un peso de 16,5 Kg (P50). Los valores de presión arterial son normales (111/66 mmHg). No se aprecian rasgos dismórficos. Llama la atención el intento repetido del niño de morderse su muñeca derecha. No hay signos inflamatorios y se expresa con gemidos ante la movilización repetida de esa muñeca derecha. No apreciamos afectación de otras articulaciones. El padre tiene una talla de 180 cm, pero su envergadura está reducida a 164 cm. Su mano mide 18,7 cm de longitud (resulta acortada 4 cm para su estatura) con un tercer dedo de 8,3 cm (normal). La radiografía paterna muestra ausencia bilateral del carpo. La radiografía del niño muestra lesiones carpales compatibles con osteólisis carpiana y lesiones en el escafoides tarsiano unilaterales. Solicitamos consulta al servicio de genética donde se estudia y se confirma el diagnóstico de osteólisis multicéntrica carpotarsal de transmisión autosómica dominante sin nefropatía. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: esteroides Options: NORMALIZABLES	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-NORMALIZABLES", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Varón de tres años y medio afecto de daño neurológico grave secundario a accidente cerebrovascular agudo (ACV) isquémico perinatal. Acude a consulta con su madre, que nos relata un llanto inusual desde hace unas semanas y la sospecha de que el niño tiene dolor en las manos. Asimismo nos comenta que el niño recibe desde hace unas semanas tratamiento con esteroides orales, pues en el seguimiento de su daño neurológico, al consultar por los síntomas del aparato locomotor, se sospechó artritis crónica idiopática con radiografía normal de manos y muñecas. Es hijo único de padres no consanguíneos. El padre tiende un problema óseo en las muñecas desde la infancia; recuerda haber padecido dolores en las muñecas cuando era niño y nos refiere que no tiene los huesos de las muñecas, que conserva movilidad normal y que no le supone problemas en su profesión de conductor de coches. La exploración física del niño está condicionada por su daño neurológico (emite gritos, sin lenguaje de otro tipo y escucha y atiende cuando se le habla, sonriendo con las caricias); no es capaz de deambulación sin ayuda; una hemiplejia izquierda derivada de su ACV perinatal y los datos propios de espasticidad. La somatometría recoge un perímetro craneal de 46 cm (< P3), una longitud de 104 cm (P25-50) y un peso de 16,5 Kg (P50). Los valores de presión arterial son normales (111/66 mmHg). No se aprecian rasgos dismórficos. Llama la atención el intento repetido del niño de morderse su muñeca derecha. No hay signos inflamatorios y se expresa con gemidos ante la movilización repetida de esa muñeca derecha. No apreciamos afectación de otras articulaciones. El padre tiene una talla de 180 cm, pero su envergadura está reducida a 164 cm. Su mano mide 18,7 cm de longitud (resulta acortada 4 cm para su estatura) con un tercer dedo de 8,3 cm (normal). La radiografía paterna muestra ausencia bilateral del carpo. La radiografía del niño muestra lesiones carpales compatibles con osteólisis carpiana y lesiones en el escafoides tarsiano unilaterales. Solicitamos consulta al servicio de genética donde se estudia y se confirma el diagnóstico de osteólisis multicéntrica carpotarsal de transmisión autosómica dominante sin nefropatía.	[ "Varón", "de", "tres", "años", "y", "medio", "afecto", "de", "daño", "neurológico", "grave", "secundario", "a", "accidente", "cerebrovascular", "agudo", "(", "ACV", ")", "isquémico", "perinatal", ".", "Acude", "a", "consulta", "con", "su", "madre", ",", "que", "nos", "relata", "un", "llanto", "inusual", "desde", "hace", "unas", "semanas", "y", "la", "sospecha", "de", "que", "el", "niño", "tiene", "dolor", "en", "las", "manos", ".", "Asimismo", "nos", "comenta", "que", "el", "niño", "recibe", "desde", "hace", "unas", "semanas", "tratamiento", "con", "esteroides", "orales", ",", "pues", "en", "el", "seguimiento", "de", "su", "daño", "neurológico", ",", "al", "consultar", "por", "los", "síntomas", "del", "aparato", "locomotor", ",", "se", "sospechó", "artritis", "crónica", "idiopática", "con", "radiografía", "normal", "de", "manos", "y", "muñecas", ".", "\n", "Es", "hijo", "único", "de", "padres", "no", "consanguíneos", ".", "El", "padre", "tiende", "un", "problema", "óseo", "en", "las", "muñecas", "desde", "la", "infancia", ";", "recuerda", "haber", "padecido", "dolores", "en", "las", "muñecas", "cuando", "era", "niño", "y", "nos", "refiere", "que", "no", "tiene", "los", "huesos", "de", "las", "muñecas", ",", "que", "conserva", "movilidad", "normal", "y", "que", "no", "le", "supone", "problemas", "en", "su", "profesión", "de", "conductor", "de", "coches", ".", "\n", "La", "exploración", "física", "del", "niño", "está", "condicionada", "por", "su", "daño", "neurológico", "(", "emite", "gritos", ",", "sin", "lenguaje", "de", "otro", "tipo", "y", "escucha", "y", "atiende", "cuando", "se", "le", "habla", ",", "sonriendo", "con", "las", "caricias", ")", ";", "no", "es", "capaz", "de", "deambulación", "sin", "ayuda", ";", "una", "hemiplejia", "izquierda", "derivada", "de", "su", "ACV", "perinatal", "y", "los", "datos", "propios", "de", "espasticidad", ".", "La", "somatometría", "recoge", "un", "perímetro", "craneal", "de", "46", "cm", "(", "<", "P3", ")", ",", "una", "longitud", "de", "104", "cm", "(", "P25", "-", "50", ")", "y", "un", "peso", "de", "16,5", "Kg", "(", "P50", ")", ".", "Los", "valores", "de", "presión", "arterial", "son", "normales", "(", "111/66", "mmHg", ")", ".", "No", "se", "aprecian", "rasgos", "dismórficos", ".", "Llama", "la", "atención", "el", "intento", "repetido", "del", "niño", "de", "morderse", "su", "muñeca", "derecha", ".", "No", "hay", "signos", "inflamatorios", "y", "se", "expresa", "con", "gemidos", "ante", "la", "movilización", "repetida", "de", "esa", "muñeca", "derecha", ".", "No", "apreciamos", "afectación", "de", "otras", "articulaciones", ".", "\n", "El", "padre", "tiene", "una", "talla", "de", "180", "cm", ",", "pero", "su", "envergadura", "está", "reducida", "a", "164", "cm", ".", "Su", "mano", "mide", "18,7", "cm", "de", "longitud", "(", "resulta", "acortada", "4", "cm", "para", "su", "estatura", ")", "con", "un", "tercer", "dedo", "de", "8,3", "cm", "(", "normal", ")", ".", "La", "radiografía", "paterna", "muestra", "ausencia", "bilateral", "del", "carpo", ".", "\n\n", "La", "radiografía", "del", "niño", "muestra", "lesiones", "carpales", "compatibles", "con", "osteólisis", "carpiana", "y", "lesiones", "en", "el", "escafoides", "tarsiano", "unilaterales", ".", "\n\n", "Solicitamos", "consulta", "al", "servicio", "de", "genética", "donde", "se", "estudia", "y", "se", "confirma", "el", "diagnóstico", "de", "osteólisis", "multicéntrica", "carpotarsal", "de", "transmisión", "autosómica", "dominante", "sin", "nefropatía", ".", "\n\n" ]	[ "NORMALIZABLES" ]
esteroides	454_task2	Sentence: Varón de tres años y medio afecto de daño neurológico grave secundario a accidente cerebrovascular agudo (ACV) isquémico perinatal. Acude a consulta con su madre, que nos relata un llanto inusual desde hace unas semanas y la sospecha de que el niño tiene dolor en las manos. Asimismo nos comenta que el niño recibe desde hace unas semanas tratamiento con esteroides orales, pues en el seguimiento de su daño neurológico, al consultar por los síntomas del aparato locomotor, se sospechó artritis crónica idiopática con radiografía normal de manos y muñecas. Es hijo único de padres no consanguíneos. El padre tiende un problema óseo en las muñecas desde la infancia; recuerda haber padecido dolores en las muñecas cuando era niño y nos refiere que no tiene los huesos de las muñecas, que conserva movilidad normal y que no le supone problemas en su profesión de conductor de coches. La exploración física del niño está condicionada por su daño neurológico (emite gritos, sin lenguaje de otro tipo y escucha y atiende cuando se le habla, sonriendo con las caricias); no es capaz de deambulación sin ayuda; una hemiplejia izquierda derivada de su ACV perinatal y los datos propios de espasticidad. La somatometría recoge un perímetro craneal de 46 cm (< P3), una longitud de 104 cm (P25-50) y un peso de 16,5 Kg (P50). Los valores de presión arterial son normales (111/66 mmHg). No se aprecian rasgos dismórficos. Llama la atención el intento repetido del niño de morderse su muñeca derecha. No hay signos inflamatorios y se expresa con gemidos ante la movilización repetida de esa muñeca derecha. No apreciamos afectación de otras articulaciones. El padre tiene una talla de 180 cm, pero su envergadura está reducida a 164 cm. Su mano mide 18,7 cm de longitud (resulta acortada 4 cm para su estatura) con un tercer dedo de 8,3 cm (normal). La radiografía paterna muestra ausencia bilateral del carpo. La radiografía del niño muestra lesiones carpales compatibles con osteólisis carpiana y lesiones en el escafoides tarsiano unilaterales. Solicitamos consulta al servicio de genética donde se estudia y se confirma el diagnóstico de osteólisis multicéntrica carpotarsal de transmisión autosómica dominante sin nefropatía. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-NORMALIZABLES", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Varón de tres años y medio afecto de daño neurológico grave secundario a accidente cerebrovascular agudo (ACV) isquémico perinatal. Acude a consulta con su madre, que nos relata un llanto inusual desde hace unas semanas y la sospecha de que el niño tiene dolor en las manos. Asimismo nos comenta que el niño recibe desde hace unas semanas tratamiento con esteroides orales, pues en el seguimiento de su daño neurológico, al consultar por los síntomas del aparato locomotor, se sospechó artritis crónica idiopática con radiografía normal de manos y muñecas. Es hijo único de padres no consanguíneos. El padre tiende un problema óseo en las muñecas desde la infancia; recuerda haber padecido dolores en las muñecas cuando era niño y nos refiere que no tiene los huesos de las muñecas, que conserva movilidad normal y que no le supone problemas en su profesión de conductor de coches. La exploración física del niño está condicionada por su daño neurológico (emite gritos, sin lenguaje de otro tipo y escucha y atiende cuando se le habla, sonriendo con las caricias); no es capaz de deambulación sin ayuda; una hemiplejia izquierda derivada de su ACV perinatal y los datos propios de espasticidad. La somatometría recoge un perímetro craneal de 46 cm (< P3), una longitud de 104 cm (P25-50) y un peso de 16,5 Kg (P50). Los valores de presión arterial son normales (111/66 mmHg). No se aprecian rasgos dismórficos. Llama la atención el intento repetido del niño de morderse su muñeca derecha. No hay signos inflamatorios y se expresa con gemidos ante la movilización repetida de esa muñeca derecha. No apreciamos afectación de otras articulaciones. El padre tiene una talla de 180 cm, pero su envergadura está reducida a 164 cm. Su mano mide 18,7 cm de longitud (resulta acortada 4 cm para su estatura) con un tercer dedo de 8,3 cm (normal). La radiografía paterna muestra ausencia bilateral del carpo. La radiografía del niño muestra lesiones carpales compatibles con osteólisis carpiana y lesiones en el escafoides tarsiano unilaterales. Solicitamos consulta al servicio de genética donde se estudia y se confirma el diagnóstico de osteólisis multicéntrica carpotarsal de transmisión autosómica dominante sin nefropatía.	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cáncer is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesión lítica L4-L5 is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesión supra - acetabular cadera is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metastásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, cáncer is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesión costal izquierda ( partes blandas ) is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoración is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, carcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, células tumorales is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, cáncer de mama metastásico is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, cáncer is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metastásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones pulmonares is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones blásticas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoformación is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis de carcinoma ductal is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, carcinoma de células cromófobas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis de carcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumor is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA	649_task0	Sentence: Anamnesis Mujer de 54 años, sin alergias medicamentosas conocidas, ni antecedentes familiares de interés. Como antecedente personal destaca el diagnóstico de cáncer de mama HER2+ en 2002 que se intervino mediante cuadrantectomía más linfadenectomía, tras lo que recibió tratamiento adyuvante con radioterapia y quimioterapia. El esquema quimioterápico empleado incluyó Ttastuzumab según protocolo de Ensayo Clínico realizado en otro centro, por lo que desconocen más datos al respecto. La paciente consulta por dolor en la cadera izquierda de meses de evolución, que incrementaba con la deambulación refractario a analgesia de primer escalón. Negaba otra clínica añadida. Exploración física Performance Status 0. Superficie corporal (SC), 1,59 m2. No se palpaban adenopatías en los distintos niveles ganglionares. A la exploración músculo-esquelética, presentaba dolor a la presión en columna lumbar (L4-L5) y cadera izquierda; movilidad de cadera dentro de normalidad; movilidad de columna limitada por dolor. El resto de exploración fue normal. Pruebas complementarias » Se realizó radiografía de columna lumbar y radiografía de caderas donde se observan lesión lítica L4-L5 y lesión supra-acetabular cadera izquierda confirmadas en RM. Se realiza PET-TC que sugiere afectación metastásica a nivel ganglionar, pulmonar y óseo. Se objetiva además una masa renal derecha de dudosa etiología, no hipermetabólica. Analíticamente, destacaba Ca 15.3 391 U/mL. El resto de parámetros, dentro de la normalidad. » Con estas pruebas complementarias, se sospecha una recidiva del cáncer de mama del que se trató años atrás, tras 12 años de intervalo libre de progresión. » Para completar el estudio se solicita una punción con aguja fina (PAAF) de la lesión más accesible, que finalmente se obtiene de la lesión costal izquierda (partes blandas) guiada por TC. Además, se solicita ecocardiograma que muestra fracción de eyección (FEVI) 60%. Diagnóstico El resultado anatomopatológico del cilindro obtenido por PAAF informa de tejido constituido por tumoración que crece formando nidos y glándulas tapizadas por células de núcleo grande y nucléolos prominentes. Dichas células expresan receptores de estrógenos, CK-19 y GCDFP 15. Los receptores de progesterona y CDX 2 son negativos. Los hallazgos histopatológicos son compatibles con infiltración por carcinoma de mama. El material analizado muestra amplificación del gen HER2-Neu en las células tumorales. El resultado se obtiene mediante protocolo FISH HER2-/Neu (17q12) y cen17, con un ratio > 2. Este hallazgo tendrá repercusiones en cuanto a alternativas de tratamiento y pronóstico para nuestra paciente. Tratamiento La paciente se valora en nuestras consultas en octubre de 2014. En el mes de septiembre, se publicó en el Congreso de la Sociedad Europea de Oncología Médica (ESMO) los datos de supervivencia global del estudio pivotal CLEOPATRA5, un ensayo clínico fase III, aleatorizado, doble ciego, controlado con placebo y multicéntrico, que evalúa la eficacia y seguridad de pertuzumab en combinación con trastuzumab y docetaxel en primera línea de tratamiento de cáncer de mama metastásico HER-2+. En este ensayo clínico se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de mama avanzado HER-2+, que no hubieran sido tratadas previamente con quimioterapia ni con terapias biológicas para la enfermedad metastásica, con estado general de salud aceptable, función cardíaca normal, sin metástasis cerebrales y en los que hubiera transcurrido al menos 12 meses desde el tratamiento adyuvante. El esquema empleado en la rama experimental fue pertuzumab, dosis de carga (DC) 840 mg y dosis de mantenimiento (DM) 420 mg, trastuzumab (DC) 8 mg/kg y (DM) 6 mg/kg y al menos 6 ciclos de docetaxel (75 mg/m2) en la primera dosis y, si esta era bien tolerada, se aumentaba a 100 mg/m2. Nuestra paciente cumplía todos criterios de inclusión y ninguno de exclusión que se tuvieron en cuenta para la realización del estudio, por lo que se le propone esquema de tratamiento según estudio CLEOPATRA. Evolución Entre el 31 de octubre y el 30 de diciembre se pautan 4 ciclos de tratamiento, que la paciente realiza con buena tolerancia; como única toxicidad destacable se describe mucositis grado 1. Durante el seguimiento, se realizan ecocardiogramas de control, debido a la posible toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento, no viéndose esta afectada. La evolución del marcador tumoral CA-15.3 es descendente hasta la normalización, concordando con la buena respuesta obtenida en el TC de control. Tras cuatro ciclos, por lo tanto, se realiza TC toraco-abdominal de reevaluación con los siguientes hallazgos: "Buena evolución radiológica de las lesiones pulmonares observando disminución significativa en el número y tamaño de los nódulos visibles en TC previo. En la imagen actual, el nódulo de mayor tamaño mide 16 mm de diámetro máximo. La lesión localizada en octavo arco costal izquierdo muestra una disminución de tamaño a expensas de su diámetro transverso y un aumento difuso de su densidad sugestivo de calcificación; persisten lesiones blásticas difusas óseas a distintos niveles". Se describe además, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón derecho de 40 x 40 mm sólida y de densidad heterogénea compatible con neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis, ya visible en TC y PET-TC previo sin cambios significativos en tamaño. Ante esta evolución, se presenta el caso en el Comité de Tumores Genitourinarios para decidir actitud a seguir con respecto a la neoformación renal. Dada la situación actual, revisamos de nuevo la bibliografía publicada para presentar datos pronósticos en nuestra paciente, que contribuyan a la posible decisión por el comité. Los resultados en el último análisis centrado en evaluación de supervivencia del estudio CLEOPATRA presentan unas curvas de Kaplan-Meier de la supervivencia global (SG) de una separación precoz entre rama experimental y rama control que se mantenía a lo largo del tiempo. La mediana de SG fue de 56,5 meses (IC 95%) para la rama de pertuzumab (HR = 0,68; IC 95%: 0,56-0,84; p < 0,001), lo que supone una mejora significativa del pronóstico en estas pacientes. Finalmente, tras exponer el caso, se decide en Comité Interdisciplinar, se realiza una nefrectomía derecha laparoscópica. La intervención se realizó sin incidencias tras pautar el 6.º ciclo de quimioterapia. Macroscópicamente, en la pieza de resección quirúrgica se objetiva lesión nodular, bien delimitada, marrón clara con áreas de coloración marrón-rojizo, de 4,5 x 3,5 cm. El diagnóstico fue de metástasis de carcinoma ductal de mama sobre carcinoma de células cromófobas de riñón de 4.5 cm, limitado a parénquima renal, sin afectación de tejido adiposo peri-renal ni estructuras del seno. El estudio inmunohistoquímico de la metástasis de carcinoma de mama expresa 40% de receptores de estrógenos, receptores de progesterona negativo. Ki-67: 40%, GCDFP15: positivo; mamaglobina: positivo; muestra amplificación del gen HER-2 por FISH. La inmuno-histoquímica coincide con tumor primario mamario. La paciente continúa tratamiento oncológico activo con el mismo esquema de tratamiento ante la buena tolerancia y la respuesta parcial de la enfermedad según criterios RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors), habiendo realizado 8 ciclos hasta la actualidad. 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]	Anamnesis Mujer de 54 años, sin alergias medicamentosas conocidas, ni antecedentes familiares de interés. Como antecedente personal destaca el diagnóstico de cáncer de mama HER2+ en 2002 que se intervino mediante cuadrantectomía más linfadenectomía, tras lo que recibió tratamiento adyuvante con radioterapia y quimioterapia. El esquema quimioterápico empleado incluyó Ttastuzumab según protocolo de Ensayo Clínico realizado en otro centro, por lo que desconocen más datos al respecto. La paciente consulta por dolor en la cadera izquierda de meses de evolución, que incrementaba con la deambulación refractario a analgesia de primer escalón. Negaba otra clínica añadida. Exploración física Performance Status 0. Superficie corporal (SC), 1,59 m2. No se palpaban adenopatías en los distintos niveles ganglionares. A la exploración músculo-esquelética, presentaba dolor a la presión en columna lumbar (L4-L5) y cadera izquierda; movilidad de cadera dentro de normalidad; movilidad de columna limitada por dolor. El resto de exploración fue normal. Pruebas complementarias » Se realizó radiografía de columna lumbar y radiografía de caderas donde se observan lesión lítica L4-L5 y lesión supra-acetabular cadera izquierda confirmadas en RM. Se realiza PET-TC que sugiere afectación metastásica a nivel ganglionar, pulmonar y óseo. Se objetiva además una masa renal derecha de dudosa etiología, no hipermetabólica. Analíticamente, destacaba Ca 15.3 391 U/mL. El resto de parámetros, dentro de la normalidad. » Con estas pruebas complementarias, se sospecha una recidiva del cáncer de mama del que se trató años atrás, tras 12 años de intervalo libre de progresión. » Para completar el estudio se solicita una punción con aguja fina (PAAF) de la lesión más accesible, que finalmente se obtiene de la lesión costal izquierda (partes blandas) guiada por TC. Además, se solicita ecocardiograma que muestra fracción de eyección (FEVI) 60%. Diagnóstico El resultado anatomopatológico del cilindro obtenido por PAAF informa de tejido constituido por tumoración que crece formando nidos y glándulas tapizadas por células de núcleo grande y nucléolos prominentes. Dichas células expresan receptores de estrógenos, CK-19 y GCDFP 15. Los receptores de progesterona y CDX 2 son negativos. Los hallazgos histopatológicos son compatibles con infiltración por carcinoma de mama. El material analizado muestra amplificación del gen HER2-Neu en las células tumorales. El resultado se obtiene mediante protocolo FISH HER2-/Neu (17q12) y cen17, con un ratio > 2. Este hallazgo tendrá repercusiones en cuanto a alternativas de tratamiento y pronóstico para nuestra paciente. Tratamiento La paciente se valora en nuestras consultas en octubre de 2014. En el mes de septiembre, se publicó en el Congreso de la Sociedad Europea de Oncología Médica (ESMO) los datos de supervivencia global del estudio pivotal CLEOPATRA5, un ensayo clínico fase III, aleatorizado, doble ciego, controlado con placebo y multicéntrico, que evalúa la eficacia y seguridad de pertuzumab en combinación con trastuzumab y docetaxel en primera línea de tratamiento de cáncer de mama metastásico HER-2+. En este ensayo clínico se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de mama avanzado HER-2+, que no hubieran sido tratadas previamente con quimioterapia ni con terapias biológicas para la enfermedad metastásica, con estado general de salud aceptable, función cardíaca normal, sin metástasis cerebrales y en los que hubiera transcurrido al menos 12 meses desde el tratamiento adyuvante. El esquema empleado en la rama experimental fue pertuzumab, dosis de carga (DC) 840 mg y dosis de mantenimiento (DM) 420 mg, trastuzumab (DC) 8 mg/kg y (DM) 6 mg/kg y al menos 6 ciclos de docetaxel (75 mg/m2) en la primera dosis y, si esta era bien tolerada, se aumentaba a 100 mg/m2. Nuestra paciente cumplía todos criterios de inclusión y ninguno de exclusión que se tuvieron en cuenta para la realización del estudio, por lo que se le propone esquema de tratamiento según estudio CLEOPATRA. Evolución Entre el 31 de octubre y el 30 de diciembre se pautan 4 ciclos de tratamiento, que la paciente realiza con buena tolerancia; como única toxicidad destacable se describe mucositis grado 1. Durante el seguimiento, se realizan ecocardiogramas de control, debido a la posible toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento, no viéndose esta afectada. La evolución del marcador tumoral CA-15.3 es descendente hasta la normalización, concordando con la buena respuesta obtenida en el TC de control. Tras cuatro ciclos, por lo tanto, se realiza TC toraco-abdominal de reevaluación con los siguientes hallazgos: "Buena evolución radiológica de las lesiones pulmonares observando disminución significativa en el número y tamaño de los nódulos visibles en TC previo. En la imagen actual, el nódulo de mayor tamaño mide 16 mm de diámetro máximo. La lesión localizada en octavo arco costal izquierdo muestra una disminución de tamaño a expensas de su diámetro transverso y un aumento difuso de su densidad sugestivo de calcificación; persisten lesiones blásticas difusas óseas a distintos niveles". Se describe además, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón derecho de 40 x 40 mm sólida y de densidad heterogénea compatible con neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis, ya visible en TC y PET-TC previo sin cambios significativos en tamaño. Ante esta evolución, se presenta el caso en el Comité de Tumores Genitourinarios para decidir actitud a seguir con respecto a la neoformación renal. Dada la situación actual, revisamos de nuevo la bibliografía publicada para presentar datos pronósticos en nuestra paciente, que contribuyan a la posible decisión por el comité. Los resultados en el último análisis centrado en evaluación de supervivencia del estudio CLEOPATRA presentan unas curvas de Kaplan-Meier de la supervivencia global (SG) de una separación precoz entre rama experimental y rama control que se mantenía a lo largo del tiempo. La mediana de SG fue de 56,5 meses (IC 95%) para la rama de pertuzumab (HR = 0,68; IC 95%: 0,56-0,84; p < 0,001), lo que supone una mejora significativa del pronóstico en estas pacientes. Finalmente, tras exponer el caso, se decide en Comité Interdisciplinar, se realiza una nefrectomía derecha laparoscópica. La intervención se realizó sin incidencias tras pautar el 6.º ciclo de quimioterapia. Macroscópicamente, en la pieza de resección quirúrgica se objetiva lesión nodular, bien delimitada, marrón clara con áreas de coloración marrón-rojizo, de 4,5 x 3,5 cm. El diagnóstico fue de metástasis de carcinoma ductal de mama sobre carcinoma de células cromófobas de riñón de 4.5 cm, limitado a parénquima renal, sin afectación de tejido adiposo peri-renal ni estructuras del seno. El estudio inmunohistoquímico de la metástasis de carcinoma de mama expresa 40% de receptores de estrógenos, receptores de progesterona negativo. Ki-67: 40%, GCDFP15: positivo; mamaglobina: positivo; muestra amplificación del gen HER-2 por FISH. La inmuno-histoquímica coincide con tumor primario mamario. La paciente continúa tratamiento oncológico activo con el mismo esquema de tratamiento ante la buena tolerancia y la respuesta parcial de la enfermedad según criterios RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors), habiendo realizado 8 ciclos hasta la actualidad.	[ "Anamnesis", "\n", "Mujer", "de", "54", "años", ",", "sin", "alergias", "medicamentosas", "conocidas", ",", "ni", "antecedentes", "familiares", "de", "interés", ".", "Como", "antecedente", "personal", "destaca", "el", "diagnóstico", "de", "cáncer", "de", "mama", "HER2", "+", "en", "2002", "que", "se", "intervino", "mediante", "cuadrantectomía", "más", "linfadenectomía", ",", "tras", "lo", "que", "recibió", "tratamiento", "adyuvante", "con", "radioterapia", "y", "quimioterapia", ".", "El", "esquema", "quimioterápico", "empleado", "incluyó", "Ttastuzumab", "según", "protocolo", "de", "Ensayo", "Clínico", "realizado", "en", "otro", "centro", ",", "por", "lo", "que", "desconocen", "más", "datos", "al", "respecto", ".", "La", "paciente", "consulta", "por", "dolor", "en", "la", "cadera", "izquierda", "de", "meses", "de", "evolución", ",", "que", "incrementaba", "con", "la", "deambulación", "refractario", "a", "analgesia", "de", "primer", "escalón", ".", "Negaba", "otra", "clínica", "añadida", ".", "\n\n", "Exploración", "física", "\n", "Performance", "Status", "0", ".", "Superficie", "corporal", "(", "SC", ")", ",", "1,59", "m2", ".", "No", "se", "palpaban", "adenopatías", "en", "los", "distintos", "niveles", "ganglionares", ".", "A", "la", "exploración", "músculo", "-", "esquelética", ",", "presentaba", "dolor", "a", "la", "presión", "en", "columna", "lumbar", "(", "L4-L5", ")", "y", "cadera", "izquierda", ";", "movilidad", "de", "cadera", "dentro", "de", "normalidad", ";", "movilidad", "de", "columna", "limitada", "por", "dolor", ".", "El", "resto", "de", "exploración", "fue", "normal", ".", "\n\n", "Pruebas", "complementarias", "\n", "»", "Se", "realizó", "radiografía", "de", "columna", "lumbar", "y", "radiografía", "de", "caderas", "donde", "se", "observan", "lesión", "lítica", "L4-L5", "y", "lesión", "supra", "-", "acetabular", "cadera", "izquierda", "confirmadas", "en", "RM", ".", "Se", "realiza", "PET", "-", "TC", "que", "sugiere", "afectación", 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"fracción", "de", "eyección", "(", "FEVI", ")", "60", "%", ".", "\n\n", "Diagnóstico", "\n", "El", "resultado", "anatomopatológico", "del", "cilindro", "obtenido", "por", "PAAF", "informa", "de", "tejido", "constituido", "por", "tumoración", "que", "crece", "formando", "nidos", "y", "glándulas", "tapizadas", "por", "células", "de", "núcleo", "grande", "y", "nucléolos", "prominentes", ".", "Dichas", "células", "expresan", "receptores", "de", "estrógenos", ",", "CK-19", "y", "GCDFP", "15", ".", "Los", "receptores", "de", "progesterona", "y", "CDX", "2", "son", "negativos", ".", "Los", "hallazgos", "histopatológicos", "son", "compatibles", "con", "infiltración", "por", "carcinoma", "de", "mama", ".", "El", "material", "analizado", "muestra", "amplificación", "del", "gen", "HER2-Neu", "en", "las", "células", "tumorales", ".", "El", "resultado", "se", "obtiene", "mediante", "protocolo", "FISH", "HER2-/Neu", "(", "17q12", ")", "y", "cen17", ",", "con", "un", "ratio", ">", "2", ".", "Este", 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"se", "aumentaba", "a", "100", "mg", "/", "m2", ".", "Nuestra", "paciente", "cumplía", "todos", "criterios", "de", "inclusión", "y", "ninguno", "de", "exclusión", "que", "se", "tuvieron", "en", "cuenta", "para", "la", "realización", "del", "estudio", ",", "por", "lo", "que", "se", "le", "propone", "esquema", "de", "tratamiento", "según", "estudio", "CLEOPATRA", ".", "\n\n", "Evolución", "\n", "Entre", "el", "31", "de", "octubre", "y", "el", "30", "de", "diciembre", "se", "pautan", "4", "ciclos", "de", "tratamiento", ",", "que", "la", "paciente", "realiza", "con", "buena", "tolerancia", ";", "como", "única", "toxicidad", "destacable", "se", "describe", "mucositis", "grado", "1", ".", "Durante", "el", "seguimiento", ",", "se", "realizan", "ecocardiogramas", "de", "control", ",", "debido", "a", "la", "posible", "toxicidad", "relacionada", "con", "el", "tratamiento", ",", "no", "viéndose", "esta", "afectada", ".", "La", "evolución", "del", "marcador", "tumoral", "CA-15.3", "es", "descendente", "hasta", "la", "normalización", ",", "concordando", "con", "la", "buena", "respuesta", "obtenida", "en", "el", "TC", "de", "control", ".", "Tras", "cuatro", "ciclos", ",", "por", "lo", "tanto", ",", "se", "realiza", "TC", "toraco", "-", "abdominal", "de", "reevaluación", "con", "los", "siguientes", "hallazgos", ":", "\"", "Buena", "evolución", "radiológica", "de", "las", "lesiones", "pulmonares", "observando", "disminución", "significativa", "en", "el", "número", "y", "tamaño", "de", "los", "nódulos", "visibles", "en", "TC", "previo", ".", "En", "la", "imagen", "actual", ",", "el", "nódulo", "de", "mayor", "tamaño", "mide", "16", "mm", "de", "diámetro", "máximo", ".", "La", "lesión", "localizada", "en", "octavo", "arco", "costal", "izquierdo", "muestra", "una", "disminución", "de", "tamaño", "a", "expensas", "de", "su", "diámetro", "transverso", "y", "un", "aumento", "difuso", "de", "su", "densidad", "sugestivo", "de", "calcificación", ";", "persisten", "lesiones", "blásticas", "difusas", "óseas", "a", "distintos", "niveles", "\"", ".", "Se", "describe", "además", ",", "masa", "localizada", "en", "polo", "superior", "del", "riñón", "derecho", "de", "40", "x", "40", "mm", "sólida", "y", "de", "densidad", "heterogénea", "compatible", "con", "neoplasia", "primaria", "renal", "sin", "descartar", "metástasis", ",", "ya", "visible", "en", "TC", "y", "PET", "-", "TC", "previo", "sin", "cambios", "significativos", "en", "tamaño", ".", "\n\n", "Ante", "esta", "evolución", ",", "se", "presenta", "el", "caso", "en", "el", "Comité", "de", "Tumores", "Genitourinarios", "para", "decidir", "actitud", "a", "seguir", "con", "respecto", "a", "la", "neoformación", "renal", ".", "Dada", "la", "situación", "actual", ",", "revisamos", "de", "nuevo", "la", "bibliografía", "publicada", "para", "presentar", "datos", "pronósticos", "en", "nuestra", "paciente", ",", "que", "contribuyan", "a", "la", "posible", "decisión", "por", "el", "comité", ".", "Los", "resultados", "en", "el", "último", "análisis", "centrado", "en", "evaluación", "de", "supervivencia", "del", "estudio", "CLEOPATRA", "presentan", "unas", "curvas", "de", "Kaplan", "-", "Meier", "de", "la", "supervivencia", "global", "(", "SG", ")", "de", "una", "separación", "precoz", "entre", "rama", "experimental", "y", "rama", "control", "que", "se", "mantenía", "a", "lo", "largo", "del", "tiempo", ".", "La", "mediana", "de", "SG", "fue", "de", "56,5", "meses", "(", "IC", "95", "%", ")", "para", "la", "rama", "de", "pertuzumab", "(", "HR", "=", "0,68", ";", "IC", "95", "%", ":", "0,56", "-", "0,84", ";", "p", "<", "0,001", ")", ",", "lo", "que", "supone", "una", "mejora", "significativa", "del", "pronóstico", "en", "estas", "pacientes", ".", "\n\n", "Finalmente", ",", "tras", "exponer", "el", "caso", ",", "se", "decide", "en", "Comité", "Interdisciplinar", ",", "se", "realiza", "una", "nefrectomía", "derecha", "laparoscópica", ".", "La", "intervención", "se", "realizó", "sin", "incidencias", "tras", "pautar", "el", "6.º", "ciclo", "de", "quimioterapia", ".", "\n\n", "Macroscópicamente", ",", "en", "la", "pieza", "de", "resección", "quirúrgica", "se", "objetiva", "lesión", "nodular", ",", "bien", "delimitada", ",", "marrón", "clara", "con", "áreas", "de", "coloración", "marrón", "-", "rojizo", ",", "de", "4,5", "x", "3,5", "cm", ".", "El", "diagnóstico", "fue", "de", "metástasis", "de", "carcinoma", "ductal", "de", "mama", "sobre", "carcinoma", "de", "células", "cromófobas", "de", "riñón", "de", "4.5", "cm", ",", "limitado", "a", "parénquima", "renal", ",", "sin", "afectación", "de", "tejido", "adiposo", "peri", "-", "renal", "ni", "estructuras", "del", "seno", ".", "El", "estudio", "inmunohistoquímico", "de", "la", "metástasis", "de", "carcinoma", "de", "mama", "expresa", "40", "%", "de", "receptores", "de", "estrógenos", ",", "receptores", "de", "progesterona", "negativo", ".", "Ki-67", ":", "40", "%", ",", "GCDFP15", ":", "positivo", ";", "mamaglobina", ":", "positivo", ";", "muestra", "amplificación", "del", "gen", "HER-2", "por", "FISH", ".", "La", "inmuno", "-", "histoquímica", "coincide", "con", "tumor", "primario", "mamario", ".", "\n\n", "La", "paciente", "continúa", "tratamiento", "oncológico", "activo", "con", "el", "mismo", "esquema", "de", "tratamiento", "ante", "la", "buena", "tolerancia", "y", "la", "respuesta", "parcial", "de", "la", "enfermedad", "según", "criterios", "RECIST", "(", "Response", "Evaluation", "Criteria", "In", "Solid", "Tumors", ")", ",", "habiendo", "realizado", "8", "ciclos", "hasta", "la", "actualidad", ".", "\n" ]	[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]
cáncer is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesión lítica L4-L5 is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesión supra - acetabular cadera is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metastásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, cáncer is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesión costal izquierda ( partes blandas ) is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoración is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, carcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, células tumorales is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, cáncer de mama metastásico is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, cáncer is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metastásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones pulmonares is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones blásticas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoformación is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis de carcinoma ductal is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, carcinoma de células cromófobas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis de carcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumor is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA	649_task1	Sentence: Anamnesis Mujer de 54 años, sin alergias medicamentosas conocidas, ni antecedentes familiares de interés. Como antecedente personal destaca el diagnóstico de cáncer de mama HER2+ en 2002 que se intervino mediante cuadrantectomía más linfadenectomía, tras lo que recibió tratamiento adyuvante con radioterapia y quimioterapia. El esquema quimioterápico empleado incluyó Ttastuzumab según protocolo de Ensayo Clínico realizado en otro centro, por lo que desconocen más datos al respecto. La paciente consulta por dolor en la cadera izquierda de meses de evolución, que incrementaba con la deambulación refractario a analgesia de primer escalón. Negaba otra clínica añadida. Exploración física Performance Status 0. Superficie corporal (SC), 1,59 m2. No se palpaban adenopatías en los distintos niveles ganglionares. A la exploración músculo-esquelética, presentaba dolor a la presión en columna lumbar (L4-L5) y cadera izquierda; movilidad de cadera dentro de normalidad; movilidad de columna limitada por dolor. El resto de exploración fue normal. Pruebas complementarias » Se realizó radiografía de columna lumbar y radiografía de caderas donde se observan lesión lítica L4-L5 y lesión supra-acetabular cadera izquierda confirmadas en RM. Se realiza PET-TC que sugiere afectación metastásica a nivel ganglionar, pulmonar y óseo. Se objetiva además una masa renal derecha de dudosa etiología, no hipermetabólica. Analíticamente, destacaba Ca 15.3 391 U/mL. El resto de parámetros, dentro de la normalidad. » Con estas pruebas complementarias, se sospecha una recidiva del cáncer de mama del que se trató años atrás, tras 12 años de intervalo libre de progresión. » Para completar el estudio se solicita una punción con aguja fina (PAAF) de la lesión más accesible, que finalmente se obtiene de la lesión costal izquierda (partes blandas) guiada por TC. Además, se solicita ecocardiograma que muestra fracción de eyección (FEVI) 60%. Diagnóstico El resultado anatomopatológico del cilindro obtenido por PAAF informa de tejido constituido por tumoración que crece formando nidos y glándulas tapizadas por células de núcleo grande y nucléolos prominentes. Dichas células expresan receptores de estrógenos, CK-19 y GCDFP 15. Los receptores de progesterona y CDX 2 son negativos. Los hallazgos histopatológicos son compatibles con infiltración por carcinoma de mama. El material analizado muestra amplificación del gen HER2-Neu en las células tumorales. El resultado se obtiene mediante protocolo FISH HER2-/Neu (17q12) y cen17, con un ratio > 2. Este hallazgo tendrá repercusiones en cuanto a alternativas de tratamiento y pronóstico para nuestra paciente. Tratamiento La paciente se valora en nuestras consultas en octubre de 2014. En el mes de septiembre, se publicó en el Congreso de la Sociedad Europea de Oncología Médica (ESMO) los datos de supervivencia global del estudio pivotal CLEOPATRA5, un ensayo clínico fase III, aleatorizado, doble ciego, controlado con placebo y multicéntrico, que evalúa la eficacia y seguridad de pertuzumab en combinación con trastuzumab y docetaxel en primera línea de tratamiento de cáncer de mama metastásico HER-2+. En este ensayo clínico se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de mama avanzado HER-2+, que no hubieran sido tratadas previamente con quimioterapia ni con terapias biológicas para la enfermedad metastásica, con estado general de salud aceptable, función cardíaca normal, sin metástasis cerebrales y en los que hubiera transcurrido al menos 12 meses desde el tratamiento adyuvante. El esquema empleado en la rama experimental fue pertuzumab, dosis de carga (DC) 840 mg y dosis de mantenimiento (DM) 420 mg, trastuzumab (DC) 8 mg/kg y (DM) 6 mg/kg y al menos 6 ciclos de docetaxel (75 mg/m2) en la primera dosis y, si esta era bien tolerada, se aumentaba a 100 mg/m2. Nuestra paciente cumplía todos criterios de inclusión y ninguno de exclusión que se tuvieron en cuenta para la realización del estudio, por lo que se le propone esquema de tratamiento según estudio CLEOPATRA. Evolución Entre el 31 de octubre y el 30 de diciembre se pautan 4 ciclos de tratamiento, que la paciente realiza con buena tolerancia; como única toxicidad destacable se describe mucositis grado 1. Durante el seguimiento, se realizan ecocardiogramas de control, debido a la posible toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento, no viéndose esta afectada. La evolución del marcador tumoral CA-15.3 es descendente hasta la normalización, concordando con la buena respuesta obtenida en el TC de control. Tras cuatro ciclos, por lo tanto, se realiza TC toraco-abdominal de reevaluación con los siguientes hallazgos: "Buena evolución radiológica de las lesiones pulmonares observando disminución significativa en el número y tamaño de los nódulos visibles en TC previo. En la imagen actual, el nódulo de mayor tamaño mide 16 mm de diámetro máximo. La lesión localizada en octavo arco costal izquierdo muestra una disminución de tamaño a expensas de su diámetro transverso y un aumento difuso de su densidad sugestivo de calcificación; persisten lesiones blásticas difusas óseas a distintos niveles". Se describe además, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón derecho de 40 x 40 mm sólida y de densidad heterogénea compatible con neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis, ya visible en TC y PET-TC previo sin cambios significativos en tamaño. Ante esta evolución, se presenta el caso en el Comité de Tumores Genitourinarios para decidir actitud a seguir con respecto a la neoformación renal. Dada la situación actual, revisamos de nuevo la bibliografía publicada para presentar datos pronósticos en nuestra paciente, que contribuyan a la posible decisión por el comité. Los resultados en el último análisis centrado en evaluación de supervivencia del estudio CLEOPATRA presentan unas curvas de Kaplan-Meier de la supervivencia global (SG) de una separación precoz entre rama experimental y rama control que se mantenía a lo largo del tiempo. La mediana de SG fue de 56,5 meses (IC 95%) para la rama de pertuzumab (HR = 0,68; IC 95%: 0,56-0,84; p < 0,001), lo que supone una mejora significativa del pronóstico en estas pacientes. Finalmente, tras exponer el caso, se decide en Comité Interdisciplinar, se realiza una nefrectomía derecha laparoscópica. La intervención se realizó sin incidencias tras pautar el 6.º ciclo de quimioterapia. Macroscópicamente, en la pieza de resección quirúrgica se objetiva lesión nodular, bien delimitada, marrón clara con áreas de coloración marrón-rojizo, de 4,5 x 3,5 cm. El diagnóstico fue de metástasis de carcinoma ductal de mama sobre carcinoma de células cromófobas de riñón de 4.5 cm, limitado a parénquima renal, sin afectación de tejido adiposo peri-renal ni estructuras del seno. El estudio inmunohistoquímico de la metástasis de carcinoma de mama expresa 40% de receptores de estrógenos, receptores de progesterona negativo. Ki-67: 40%, GCDFP15: positivo; mamaglobina: positivo; muestra amplificación del gen HER-2 por FISH. La inmuno-histoquímica coincide con tumor primario mamario. La paciente continúa tratamiento oncológico activo con el mismo esquema de tratamiento ante la buena tolerancia y la respuesta parcial de la enfermedad según criterios RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors), habiendo realizado 8 ciclos hasta la actualidad. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cáncer, lesión lítica L4-L5, lesión supra - acetabular cadera, metastásica, cáncer, lesión costal izquierda ( partes blandas ), tumoración, carcinoma, células tumorales, cáncer de mama metastásico, cáncer, metastásica, metástasis, lesiones pulmonares, lesiones blásticas, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón, neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis, neoformación, metástasis de carcinoma ductal, carcinoma de células cromófobas, metástasis de carcinoma, tumor Options: MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", 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Como antecedente personal destaca el diagnóstico de cáncer de mama HER2+ en 2002 que se intervino mediante cuadrantectomía más linfadenectomía, tras lo que recibió tratamiento adyuvante con radioterapia y quimioterapia. El esquema quimioterápico empleado incluyó Ttastuzumab según protocolo de Ensayo Clínico realizado en otro centro, por lo que desconocen más datos al respecto. La paciente consulta por dolor en la cadera izquierda de meses de evolución, que incrementaba con la deambulación refractario a analgesia de primer escalón. Negaba otra clínica añadida. Exploración física Performance Status 0. Superficie corporal (SC), 1,59 m2. No se palpaban adenopatías en los distintos niveles ganglionares. A la exploración músculo-esquelética, presentaba dolor a la presión en columna lumbar (L4-L5) y cadera izquierda; movilidad de cadera dentro de normalidad; movilidad de columna limitada por dolor. El resto de exploración fue normal. Pruebas complementarias » Se realizó radiografía de columna lumbar y radiografía de caderas donde se observan lesión lítica L4-L5 y lesión supra-acetabular cadera izquierda confirmadas en RM. Se realiza PET-TC que sugiere afectación metastásica a nivel ganglionar, pulmonar y óseo. Se objetiva además una masa renal derecha de dudosa etiología, no hipermetabólica. Analíticamente, destacaba Ca 15.3 391 U/mL. El resto de parámetros, dentro de la normalidad. » Con estas pruebas complementarias, se sospecha una recidiva del cáncer de mama del que se trató años atrás, tras 12 años de intervalo libre de progresión. » Para completar el estudio se solicita una punción con aguja fina (PAAF) de la lesión más accesible, que finalmente se obtiene de la lesión costal izquierda (partes blandas) guiada por TC. Además, se solicita ecocardiograma que muestra fracción de eyección (FEVI) 60%. Diagnóstico El resultado anatomopatológico del cilindro obtenido por PAAF informa de tejido constituido por tumoración que crece formando nidos y glándulas tapizadas por células de núcleo grande y nucléolos prominentes. Dichas células expresan receptores de estrógenos, CK-19 y GCDFP 15. Los receptores de progesterona y CDX 2 son negativos. Los hallazgos histopatológicos son compatibles con infiltración por carcinoma de mama. El material analizado muestra amplificación del gen HER2-Neu en las células tumorales. El resultado se obtiene mediante protocolo FISH HER2-/Neu (17q12) y cen17, con un ratio > 2. Este hallazgo tendrá repercusiones en cuanto a alternativas de tratamiento y pronóstico para nuestra paciente. Tratamiento La paciente se valora en nuestras consultas en octubre de 2014. En el mes de septiembre, se publicó en el Congreso de la Sociedad Europea de Oncología Médica (ESMO) los datos de supervivencia global del estudio pivotal CLEOPATRA5, un ensayo clínico fase III, aleatorizado, doble ciego, controlado con placebo y multicéntrico, que evalúa la eficacia y seguridad de pertuzumab en combinación con trastuzumab y docetaxel en primera línea de tratamiento de cáncer de mama metastásico HER-2+. En este ensayo clínico se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de mama avanzado HER-2+, que no hubieran sido tratadas previamente con quimioterapia ni con terapias biológicas para la enfermedad metastásica, con estado general de salud aceptable, función cardíaca normal, sin metástasis cerebrales y en los que hubiera transcurrido al menos 12 meses desde el tratamiento adyuvante. El esquema empleado en la rama experimental fue pertuzumab, dosis de carga (DC) 840 mg y dosis de mantenimiento (DM) 420 mg, trastuzumab (DC) 8 mg/kg y (DM) 6 mg/kg y al menos 6 ciclos de docetaxel (75 mg/m2) en la primera dosis y, si esta era bien tolerada, se aumentaba a 100 mg/m2. Nuestra paciente cumplía todos criterios de inclusión y ninguno de exclusión que se tuvieron en cuenta para la realización del estudio, por lo que se le propone esquema de tratamiento según estudio CLEOPATRA. Evolución Entre el 31 de octubre y el 30 de diciembre se pautan 4 ciclos de tratamiento, que la paciente realiza con buena tolerancia; como única toxicidad destacable se describe mucositis grado 1. Durante el seguimiento, se realizan ecocardiogramas de control, debido a la posible toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento, no viéndose esta afectada. La evolución del marcador tumoral CA-15.3 es descendente hasta la normalización, concordando con la buena respuesta obtenida en el TC de control. Tras cuatro ciclos, por lo tanto, se realiza TC toraco-abdominal de reevaluación con los siguientes hallazgos: "Buena evolución radiológica de las lesiones pulmonares observando disminución significativa en el número y tamaño de los nódulos visibles en TC previo. En la imagen actual, el nódulo de mayor tamaño mide 16 mm de diámetro máximo. La lesión localizada en octavo arco costal izquierdo muestra una disminución de tamaño a expensas de su diámetro transverso y un aumento difuso de su densidad sugestivo de calcificación; persisten lesiones blásticas difusas óseas a distintos niveles". Se describe además, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón derecho de 40 x 40 mm sólida y de densidad heterogénea compatible con neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis, ya visible en TC y PET-TC previo sin cambios significativos en tamaño. Ante esta evolución, se presenta el caso en el Comité de Tumores Genitourinarios para decidir actitud a seguir con respecto a la neoformación renal. Dada la situación actual, revisamos de nuevo la bibliografía publicada para presentar datos pronósticos en nuestra paciente, que contribuyan a la posible decisión por el comité. Los resultados en el último análisis centrado en evaluación de supervivencia del estudio CLEOPATRA presentan unas curvas de Kaplan-Meier de la supervivencia global (SG) de una separación precoz entre rama experimental y rama control que se mantenía a lo largo del tiempo. La mediana de SG fue de 56,5 meses (IC 95%) para la rama de pertuzumab (HR = 0,68; IC 95%: 0,56-0,84; p < 0,001), lo que supone una mejora significativa del pronóstico en estas pacientes. Finalmente, tras exponer el caso, se decide en Comité Interdisciplinar, se realiza una nefrectomía derecha laparoscópica. La intervención se realizó sin incidencias tras pautar el 6.º ciclo de quimioterapia. Macroscópicamente, en la pieza de resección quirúrgica se objetiva lesión nodular, bien delimitada, marrón clara con áreas de coloración marrón-rojizo, de 4,5 x 3,5 cm. El diagnóstico fue de metástasis de carcinoma ductal de mama sobre carcinoma de células cromófobas de riñón de 4.5 cm, limitado a parénquima renal, sin afectación de tejido adiposo peri-renal ni estructuras del seno. El estudio inmunohistoquímico de la metástasis de carcinoma de mama expresa 40% de receptores de estrógenos, receptores de progesterona negativo. Ki-67: 40%, GCDFP15: positivo; mamaglobina: positivo; muestra amplificación del gen HER-2 por FISH. La inmuno-histoquímica coincide con tumor primario mamario. La paciente continúa tratamiento oncológico activo con el mismo esquema de tratamiento ante la buena tolerancia y la respuesta parcial de la enfermedad según criterios RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors), habiendo realizado 8 ciclos hasta la actualidad.	[ "Anamnesis", "\n", "Mujer", "de", "54", "años", ",", "sin", "alergias", "medicamentosas", "conocidas", ",", "ni", "antecedentes", "familiares", "de", "interés", ".", "Como", "antecedente", "personal", "destaca", "el", "diagnóstico", "de", "cáncer", "de", "mama", "HER2", "+", "en", "2002", "que", "se", "intervino", "mediante", "cuadrantectomía", "más", "linfadenectomía", ",", "tras", "lo", "que", "recibió", "tratamiento", "adyuvante", "con", "radioterapia", "y", "quimioterapia", ".", "El", "esquema", "quimioterápico", "empleado", "incluyó", "Ttastuzumab", "según", "protocolo", "de", "Ensayo", "Clínico", "realizado", "en", "otro", "centro", ",", "por", "lo", "que", "desconocen", "más", "datos", "al", "respecto", ".", "La", "paciente", "consulta", "por", "dolor", "en", "la", "cadera", "izquierda", "de", "meses", "de", "evolución", ",", "que", "incrementaba", "con", "la", "deambulación", "refractario", "a", "analgesia", "de", "primer", "escalón", ".", "Negaba", "otra", "clínica", "añadida", ".", "\n\n", "Exploración", "física", "\n", "Performance", "Status", "0", ".", "Superficie", "corporal", "(", "SC", ")", ",", "1,59", "m2", ".", "No", "se", "palpaban", "adenopatías", "en", "los", "distintos", "niveles", "ganglionares", ".", "A", "la", "exploración", "músculo", "-", "esquelética", ",", "presentaba", "dolor", "a", "la", "presión", "en", "columna", "lumbar", "(", "L4-L5", ")", "y", "cadera", "izquierda", ";", "movilidad", "de", "cadera", "dentro", "de", "normalidad", ";", "movilidad", "de", "columna", "limitada", "por", "dolor", ".", "El", "resto", "de", "exploración", "fue", "normal", ".", "\n\n", "Pruebas", "complementarias", "\n", "»", "Se", "realizó", "radiografía", "de", "columna", "lumbar", "y", "radiografía", "de", "caderas", "donde", "se", "observan", "lesión", "lítica", "L4-L5", "y", "lesión", "supra", "-", "acetabular", "cadera", "izquierda", "confirmadas", "en", "RM", ".", "Se", "realiza", "PET", "-", "TC", "que", "sugiere", "afectación", "metastásica", "a", "nivel", "ganglionar", ",", "pulmonar", "y", "óseo", ".", "Se", "objetiva", "además", "una", "masa", "renal", "derecha", "de", "dudosa", "etiología", ",", "no", "hipermetabólica", ".", "Analíticamente", ",", "destacaba", "Ca", "15.3", "391", "U", "/", "mL.", "El", "resto", "de", "parámetros", ",", "dentro", "de", "la", "normalidad", ".", "\n", "»", "Con", "estas", "pruebas", "complementarias", ",", "se", "sospecha", "una", "recidiva", "del", "cáncer", "de", "mama", "del", "que", "se", "trató", "años", "atrás", ",", "tras", "12", "años", "de", "intervalo", "libre", "de", "progresión", ".", "\n", "»", "Para", "completar", "el", "estudio", "se", "solicita", "una", "punción", "con", "aguja", "fina", "(", "PAAF", ")", "de", "la", "lesión", "más", "accesible", ",", "que", "finalmente", "se", "obtiene", "de", "la", "lesión", "costal", "izquierda", "(", "partes", "blandas", ")", "guiada", "por", "TC", ".", "Además", ",", "se", "solicita", "ecocardiograma", "que", "muestra", "fracción", "de", "eyección", "(", "FEVI", ")", "60", "%", ".", "\n\n", "Diagnóstico", "\n", "El", "resultado", "anatomopatológico", "del", "cilindro", "obtenido", "por", "PAAF", "informa", "de", "tejido", "constituido", "por", "tumoración", "que", "crece", "formando", "nidos", "y", "glándulas", "tapizadas", "por", "células", "de", "núcleo", "grande", "y", "nucléolos", "prominentes", ".", "Dichas", "células", "expresan", "receptores", "de", "estrógenos", ",", "CK-19", "y", "GCDFP", "15", ".", "Los", "receptores", "de", "progesterona", "y", "CDX", "2", "son", "negativos", ".", "Los", "hallazgos", "histopatológicos", "son", "compatibles", "con", "infiltración", "por", "carcinoma", "de", "mama", ".", "El", "material", "analizado", "muestra", "amplificación", "del", "gen", "HER2-Neu", "en", "las", "células", "tumorales", ".", "El", "resultado", "se", "obtiene", "mediante", "protocolo", "FISH", "HER2-/Neu", "(", "17q12", ")", "y", "cen17", ",", "con", "un", "ratio", ">", "2", ".", "Este", 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"se", "aumentaba", "a", "100", "mg", "/", "m2", ".", "Nuestra", "paciente", "cumplía", "todos", "criterios", "de", "inclusión", "y", "ninguno", "de", "exclusión", "que", "se", "tuvieron", "en", "cuenta", "para", "la", "realización", "del", "estudio", ",", "por", "lo", "que", "se", "le", "propone", "esquema", "de", "tratamiento", "según", "estudio", "CLEOPATRA", ".", "\n\n", "Evolución", "\n", "Entre", "el", "31", "de", "octubre", "y", "el", "30", "de", "diciembre", "se", "pautan", "4", "ciclos", "de", "tratamiento", ",", "que", "la", "paciente", "realiza", "con", "buena", "tolerancia", ";", "como", "única", "toxicidad", "destacable", "se", "describe", "mucositis", "grado", "1", ".", "Durante", "el", "seguimiento", ",", "se", "realizan", "ecocardiogramas", "de", "control", ",", "debido", "a", "la", "posible", "toxicidad", "relacionada", "con", "el", "tratamiento", ",", "no", "viéndose", "esta", "afectada", ".", "La", "evolución", "del", "marcador", "tumoral", "CA-15.3", "es", "descendente", "hasta", "la", "normalización", ",", "concordando", "con", "la", "buena", "respuesta", "obtenida", "en", "el", "TC", "de", "control", ".", "Tras", "cuatro", "ciclos", ",", "por", "lo", "tanto", ",", "se", "realiza", "TC", "toraco", "-", "abdominal", "de", "reevaluación", "con", "los", "siguientes", "hallazgos", ":", "\"", "Buena", "evolución", "radiológica", "de", "las", "lesiones", "pulmonares", "observando", "disminución", "significativa", "en", "el", "número", "y", "tamaño", "de", "los", "nódulos", "visibles", "en", "TC", "previo", ".", "En", "la", "imagen", "actual", ",", "el", "nódulo", "de", "mayor", "tamaño", "mide", "16", "mm", "de", "diámetro", "máximo", ".", "La", "lesión", "localizada", "en", "octavo", "arco", "costal", "izquierdo", "muestra", "una", "disminución", "de", "tamaño", "a", "expensas", "de", "su", "diámetro", "transverso", "y", "un", "aumento", "difuso", "de", "su", "densidad", "sugestivo", "de", "calcificación", ";", "persisten", "lesiones", 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"tras", "pautar", "el", "6.º", "ciclo", "de", "quimioterapia", ".", "\n\n", "Macroscópicamente", ",", "en", "la", "pieza", "de", "resección", "quirúrgica", "se", "objetiva", "lesión", "nodular", ",", "bien", "delimitada", ",", "marrón", "clara", "con", "áreas", "de", "coloración", "marrón", "-", "rojizo", ",", "de", "4,5", "x", "3,5", "cm", ".", "El", "diagnóstico", "fue", "de", "metástasis", "de", "carcinoma", "ductal", "de", "mama", "sobre", "carcinoma", "de", "células", "cromófobas", "de", "riñón", "de", "4.5", "cm", ",", "limitado", "a", "parénquima", "renal", ",", "sin", "afectación", "de", "tejido", "adiposo", "peri", "-", "renal", "ni", "estructuras", "del", "seno", ".", "El", "estudio", "inmunohistoquímico", "de", "la", "metástasis", "de", "carcinoma", "de", "mama", "expresa", "40", "%", "de", "receptores", "de", "estrógenos", ",", "receptores", "de", "progesterona", "negativo", ".", "Ki-67", ":", "40", "%", ",", "GCDFP15", ":", "positivo", ";", "mamaglobina", ":", "positivo", 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cáncer, lesión lítica L4-L5, lesión supra - acetabular cadera, metastásica, cáncer, lesión costal izquierda ( partes blandas ), tumoración, carcinoma, células tumorales, cáncer de mama metastásico, cáncer, metastásica, metástasis, lesiones pulmonares, lesiones blásticas, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón, neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis, neoformación, metástasis de carcinoma ductal, carcinoma de células cromófobas, metástasis de carcinoma, tumor	649_task2	Sentence: Anamnesis Mujer de 54 años, sin alergias medicamentosas conocidas, ni antecedentes familiares de interés. Como antecedente personal destaca el diagnóstico de cáncer de mama HER2+ en 2002 que se intervino mediante cuadrantectomía más linfadenectomía, tras lo que recibió tratamiento adyuvante con radioterapia y quimioterapia. El esquema quimioterápico empleado incluyó Ttastuzumab según protocolo de Ensayo Clínico realizado en otro centro, por lo que desconocen más datos al respecto. La paciente consulta por dolor en la cadera izquierda de meses de evolución, que incrementaba con la deambulación refractario a analgesia de primer escalón. Negaba otra clínica añadida. Exploración física Performance Status 0. Superficie corporal (SC), 1,59 m2. No se palpaban adenopatías en los distintos niveles ganglionares. A la exploración músculo-esquelética, presentaba dolor a la presión en columna lumbar (L4-L5) y cadera izquierda; movilidad de cadera dentro de normalidad; movilidad de columna limitada por dolor. El resto de exploración fue normal. Pruebas complementarias » Se realizó radiografía de columna lumbar y radiografía de caderas donde se observan lesión lítica L4-L5 y lesión supra-acetabular cadera izquierda confirmadas en RM. Se realiza PET-TC que sugiere afectación metastásica a nivel ganglionar, pulmonar y óseo. Se objetiva además una masa renal derecha de dudosa etiología, no hipermetabólica. Analíticamente, destacaba Ca 15.3 391 U/mL. El resto de parámetros, dentro de la normalidad. » Con estas pruebas complementarias, se sospecha una recidiva del cáncer de mama del que se trató años atrás, tras 12 años de intervalo libre de progresión. » Para completar el estudio se solicita una punción con aguja fina (PAAF) de la lesión más accesible, que finalmente se obtiene de la lesión costal izquierda (partes blandas) guiada por TC. Además, se solicita ecocardiograma que muestra fracción de eyección (FEVI) 60%. Diagnóstico El resultado anatomopatológico del cilindro obtenido por PAAF informa de tejido constituido por tumoración que crece formando nidos y glándulas tapizadas por células de núcleo grande y nucléolos prominentes. Dichas células expresan receptores de estrógenos, CK-19 y GCDFP 15. Los receptores de progesterona y CDX 2 son negativos. Los hallazgos histopatológicos son compatibles con infiltración por carcinoma de mama. El material analizado muestra amplificación del gen HER2-Neu en las células tumorales. El resultado se obtiene mediante protocolo FISH HER2-/Neu (17q12) y cen17, con un ratio > 2. Este hallazgo tendrá repercusiones en cuanto a alternativas de tratamiento y pronóstico para nuestra paciente. Tratamiento La paciente se valora en nuestras consultas en octubre de 2014. En el mes de septiembre, se publicó en el Congreso de la Sociedad Europea de Oncología Médica (ESMO) los datos de supervivencia global del estudio pivotal CLEOPATRA5, un ensayo clínico fase III, aleatorizado, doble ciego, controlado con placebo y multicéntrico, que evalúa la eficacia y seguridad de pertuzumab en combinación con trastuzumab y docetaxel en primera línea de tratamiento de cáncer de mama metastásico HER-2+. En este ensayo clínico se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de mama avanzado HER-2+, que no hubieran sido tratadas previamente con quimioterapia ni con terapias biológicas para la enfermedad metastásica, con estado general de salud aceptable, función cardíaca normal, sin metástasis cerebrales y en los que hubiera transcurrido al menos 12 meses desde el tratamiento adyuvante. El esquema empleado en la rama experimental fue pertuzumab, dosis de carga (DC) 840 mg y dosis de mantenimiento (DM) 420 mg, trastuzumab (DC) 8 mg/kg y (DM) 6 mg/kg y al menos 6 ciclos de docetaxel (75 mg/m2) en la primera dosis y, si esta era bien tolerada, se aumentaba a 100 mg/m2. Nuestra paciente cumplía todos criterios de inclusión y ninguno de exclusión que se tuvieron en cuenta para la realización del estudio, por lo que se le propone esquema de tratamiento según estudio CLEOPATRA. Evolución Entre el 31 de octubre y el 30 de diciembre se pautan 4 ciclos de tratamiento, que la paciente realiza con buena tolerancia; como única toxicidad destacable se describe mucositis grado 1. Durante el seguimiento, se realizan ecocardiogramas de control, debido a la posible toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento, no viéndose esta afectada. La evolución del marcador tumoral CA-15.3 es descendente hasta la normalización, concordando con la buena respuesta obtenida en el TC de control. Tras cuatro ciclos, por lo tanto, se realiza TC toraco-abdominal de reevaluación con los siguientes hallazgos: "Buena evolución radiológica de las lesiones pulmonares observando disminución significativa en el número y tamaño de los nódulos visibles en TC previo. En la imagen actual, el nódulo de mayor tamaño mide 16 mm de diámetro máximo. La lesión localizada en octavo arco costal izquierdo muestra una disminución de tamaño a expensas de su diámetro transverso y un aumento difuso de su densidad sugestivo de calcificación; persisten lesiones blásticas difusas óseas a distintos niveles". Se describe además, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón derecho de 40 x 40 mm sólida y de densidad heterogénea compatible con neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis, ya visible en TC y PET-TC previo sin cambios significativos en tamaño. Ante esta evolución, se presenta el caso en el Comité de Tumores Genitourinarios para decidir actitud a seguir con respecto a la neoformación renal. Dada la situación actual, revisamos de nuevo la bibliografía publicada para presentar datos pronósticos en nuestra paciente, que contribuyan a la posible decisión por el comité. Los resultados en el último análisis centrado en evaluación de supervivencia del estudio CLEOPATRA presentan unas curvas de Kaplan-Meier de la supervivencia global (SG) de una separación precoz entre rama experimental y rama control que se mantenía a lo largo del tiempo. La mediana de SG fue de 56,5 meses (IC 95%) para la rama de pertuzumab (HR = 0,68; IC 95%: 0,56-0,84; p < 0,001), lo que supone una mejora significativa del pronóstico en estas pacientes. Finalmente, tras exponer el caso, se decide en Comité Interdisciplinar, se realiza una nefrectomía derecha laparoscópica. La intervención se realizó sin incidencias tras pautar el 6.º ciclo de quimioterapia. Macroscópicamente, en la pieza de resección quirúrgica se objetiva lesión nodular, bien delimitada, marrón clara con áreas de coloración marrón-rojizo, de 4,5 x 3,5 cm. El diagnóstico fue de metástasis de carcinoma ductal de mama sobre carcinoma de células cromófobas de riñón de 4.5 cm, limitado a parénquima renal, sin afectación de tejido adiposo peri-renal ni estructuras del seno. El estudio inmunohistoquímico de la metástasis de carcinoma de mama expresa 40% de receptores de estrógenos, receptores de progesterona negativo. Ki-67: 40%, GCDFP15: positivo; mamaglobina: positivo; muestra amplificación del gen HER-2 por FISH. La inmuno-histoquímica coincide con tumor primario mamario. La paciente continúa tratamiento oncológico activo con el mismo esquema de tratamiento ante la buena tolerancia y la respuesta parcial de la enfermedad según criterios RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors), habiendo realizado 8 ciclos hasta la actualidad. 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antecedentes familiares de interés. Como antecedente personal destaca el diagnóstico de cáncer de mama HER2+ en 2002 que se intervino mediante cuadrantectomía más linfadenectomía, tras lo que recibió tratamiento adyuvante con radioterapia y quimioterapia. El esquema quimioterápico empleado incluyó Ttastuzumab según protocolo de Ensayo Clínico realizado en otro centro, por lo que desconocen más datos al respecto. La paciente consulta por dolor en la cadera izquierda de meses de evolución, que incrementaba con la deambulación refractario a analgesia de primer escalón. Negaba otra clínica añadida. Exploración física Performance Status 0. Superficie corporal (SC), 1,59 m2. No se palpaban adenopatías en los distintos niveles ganglionares. A la exploración músculo-esquelética, presentaba dolor a la presión en columna lumbar (L4-L5) y cadera izquierda; movilidad de cadera dentro de normalidad; movilidad de columna limitada por dolor. El resto de exploración fue normal. Pruebas complementarias » Se realizó radiografía de columna lumbar y radiografía de caderas donde se observan lesión lítica L4-L5 y lesión supra-acetabular cadera izquierda confirmadas en RM. Se realiza PET-TC que sugiere afectación metastásica a nivel ganglionar, pulmonar y óseo. Se objetiva además una masa renal derecha de dudosa etiología, no hipermetabólica. Analíticamente, destacaba Ca 15.3 391 U/mL. El resto de parámetros, dentro de la normalidad. » Con estas pruebas complementarias, se sospecha una recidiva del cáncer de mama del que se trató años atrás, tras 12 años de intervalo libre de progresión. » Para completar el estudio se solicita una punción con aguja fina (PAAF) de la lesión más accesible, que finalmente se obtiene de la lesión costal izquierda (partes blandas) guiada por TC. Además, se solicita ecocardiograma que muestra fracción de eyección (FEVI) 60%. Diagnóstico El resultado anatomopatológico del cilindro obtenido por PAAF informa de tejido constituido por tumoración que crece formando nidos y glándulas tapizadas por células de núcleo grande y nucléolos prominentes. Dichas células expresan receptores de estrógenos, CK-19 y GCDFP 15. Los receptores de progesterona y CDX 2 son negativos. Los hallazgos histopatológicos son compatibles con infiltración por carcinoma de mama. El material analizado muestra amplificación del gen HER2-Neu en las células tumorales. El resultado se obtiene mediante protocolo FISH HER2-/Neu (17q12) y cen17, con un ratio > 2. Este hallazgo tendrá repercusiones en cuanto a alternativas de tratamiento y pronóstico para nuestra paciente. Tratamiento La paciente se valora en nuestras consultas en octubre de 2014. En el mes de septiembre, se publicó en el Congreso de la Sociedad Europea de Oncología Médica (ESMO) los datos de supervivencia global del estudio pivotal CLEOPATRA5, un ensayo clínico fase III, aleatorizado, doble ciego, controlado con placebo y multicéntrico, que evalúa la eficacia y seguridad de pertuzumab en combinación con trastuzumab y docetaxel en primera línea de tratamiento de cáncer de mama metastásico HER-2+. En este ensayo clínico se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de mama avanzado HER-2+, que no hubieran sido tratadas previamente con quimioterapia ni con terapias biológicas para la enfermedad metastásica, con estado general de salud aceptable, función cardíaca normal, sin metástasis cerebrales y en los que hubiera transcurrido al menos 12 meses desde el tratamiento adyuvante. El esquema empleado en la rama experimental fue pertuzumab, dosis de carga (DC) 840 mg y dosis de mantenimiento (DM) 420 mg, trastuzumab (DC) 8 mg/kg y (DM) 6 mg/kg y al menos 6 ciclos de docetaxel (75 mg/m2) en la primera dosis y, si esta era bien tolerada, se aumentaba a 100 mg/m2. Nuestra paciente cumplía todos criterios de inclusión y ninguno de exclusión que se tuvieron en cuenta para la realización del estudio, por lo que se le propone esquema de tratamiento según estudio CLEOPATRA. Evolución Entre el 31 de octubre y el 30 de diciembre se pautan 4 ciclos de tratamiento, que la paciente realiza con buena tolerancia; como única toxicidad destacable se describe mucositis grado 1. Durante el seguimiento, se realizan ecocardiogramas de control, debido a la posible toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento, no viéndose esta afectada. La evolución del marcador tumoral CA-15.3 es descendente hasta la normalización, concordando con la buena respuesta obtenida en el TC de control. Tras cuatro ciclos, por lo tanto, se realiza TC toraco-abdominal de reevaluación con los siguientes hallazgos: "Buena evolución radiológica de las lesiones pulmonares observando disminución significativa en el número y tamaño de los nódulos visibles en TC previo. En la imagen actual, el nódulo de mayor tamaño mide 16 mm de diámetro máximo. La lesión localizada en octavo arco costal izquierdo muestra una disminución de tamaño a expensas de su diámetro transverso y un aumento difuso de su densidad sugestivo de calcificación; persisten lesiones blásticas difusas óseas a distintos niveles". Se describe además, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón derecho de 40 x 40 mm sólida y de densidad heterogénea compatible con neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis, ya visible en TC y PET-TC previo sin cambios significativos en tamaño. Ante esta evolución, se presenta el caso en el Comité de Tumores Genitourinarios para decidir actitud a seguir con respecto a la neoformación renal. Dada la situación actual, revisamos de nuevo la bibliografía publicada para presentar datos pronósticos en nuestra paciente, que contribuyan a la posible decisión por el comité. Los resultados en el último análisis centrado en evaluación de supervivencia del estudio CLEOPATRA presentan unas curvas de Kaplan-Meier de la supervivencia global (SG) de una separación precoz entre rama experimental y rama control que se mantenía a lo largo del tiempo. La mediana de SG fue de 56,5 meses (IC 95%) para la rama de pertuzumab (HR = 0,68; IC 95%: 0,56-0,84; p < 0,001), lo que supone una mejora significativa del pronóstico en estas pacientes. Finalmente, tras exponer el caso, se decide en Comité Interdisciplinar, se realiza una nefrectomía derecha laparoscópica. La intervención se realizó sin incidencias tras pautar el 6.º ciclo de quimioterapia. Macroscópicamente, en la pieza de resección quirúrgica se objetiva lesión nodular, bien delimitada, marrón clara con áreas de coloración marrón-rojizo, de 4,5 x 3,5 cm. El diagnóstico fue de metástasis de carcinoma ductal de mama sobre carcinoma de células cromófobas de riñón de 4.5 cm, limitado a parénquima renal, sin afectación de tejido adiposo peri-renal ni estructuras del seno. El estudio inmunohistoquímico de la metástasis de carcinoma de mama expresa 40% de receptores de estrógenos, receptores de progesterona negativo. Ki-67: 40%, GCDFP15: positivo; mamaglobina: positivo; muestra amplificación del gen HER-2 por FISH. La inmuno-histoquímica coincide con tumor primario mamario. La paciente continúa tratamiento oncológico activo con el mismo esquema de tratamiento ante la buena tolerancia y la respuesta parcial de la enfermedad según criterios RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors), habiendo realizado 8 ciclos hasta la actualidad.	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"fracción", "de", "eyección", "(", "FEVI", ")", "60", "%", ".", "\n\n", "Diagnóstico", "\n", "El", "resultado", "anatomopatológico", "del", "cilindro", "obtenido", "por", "PAAF", "informa", "de", "tejido", "constituido", "por", "tumoración", "que", "crece", "formando", "nidos", "y", "glándulas", "tapizadas", "por", "células", "de", "núcleo", "grande", "y", "nucléolos", "prominentes", ".", "Dichas", "células", "expresan", "receptores", "de", "estrógenos", ",", "CK-19", "y", "GCDFP", "15", ".", "Los", "receptores", "de", "progesterona", "y", "CDX", "2", "son", "negativos", ".", "Los", "hallazgos", "histopatológicos", "son", "compatibles", "con", "infiltración", "por", "carcinoma", "de", "mama", ".", "El", "material", "analizado", "muestra", "amplificación", "del", "gen", "HER2-Neu", "en", "las", "células", "tumorales", ".", "El", "resultado", "se", "obtiene", "mediante", "protocolo", "FISH", "HER2-/Neu", "(", "17q12", ")", "y", "cen17", ",", "con", "un", "ratio", ">", "2", ".", "Este", 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"pacientes", "con", "cáncer", "de", "mama", "avanzado", "HER-2", "+", ",", "que", "no", "hubieran", "sido", "tratadas", "previamente", "con", "quimioterapia", "ni", "con", "terapias", "biológicas", "para", "la", "enfermedad", "metastásica", ",", "con", "estado", "general", "de", "salud", "aceptable", ",", "función", "cardíaca", "normal", ",", "sin", "metástasis", "cerebrales", "y", "en", "los", "que", "hubiera", "transcurrido", "al", "menos", "12", "meses", "desde", "el", "tratamiento", "adyuvante", ".", "El", "esquema", "empleado", "en", "la", "rama", "experimental", "fue", "pertuzumab", ",", "dosis", "de", "carga", "(", "DC", ")", "840", "mg", "y", "dosis", "de", "mantenimiento", "(", "DM", ")", "420", "mg", ",", "trastuzumab", "(", "DC", ")", "8", "mg", "/", "kg", "y", "(", "DM", ")", "6", "mg", "/", "kg", "y", "al", "menos", "6", "ciclos", "de", "docetaxel", "(", "75", "mg", "/", "m2", ")", "en", "la", "primera", "dosis", "y", ",", "si", "esta", "era", "bien", "tolerada", ",", "se", "aumentaba", "a", "100", "mg", "/", "m2", ".", "Nuestra", "paciente", "cumplía", "todos", "criterios", "de", "inclusión", "y", "ninguno", "de", "exclusión", "que", "se", "tuvieron", "en", "cuenta", "para", "la", "realización", "del", "estudio", ",", "por", "lo", "que", "se", "le", "propone", "esquema", "de", "tratamiento", "según", "estudio", "CLEOPATRA", ".", "\n\n", "Evolución", "\n", "Entre", "el", "31", "de", "octubre", "y", "el", "30", "de", "diciembre", "se", "pautan", "4", "ciclos", "de", "tratamiento", ",", "que", "la", "paciente", "realiza", "con", "buena", "tolerancia", ";", "como", "única", "toxicidad", "destacable", "se", "describe", "mucositis", "grado", "1", ".", "Durante", "el", "seguimiento", ",", "se", "realizan", "ecocardiogramas", "de", "control", ",", "debido", "a", "la", "posible", "toxicidad", "relacionada", "con", "el", "tratamiento", ",", "no", "viéndose", "esta", "afectada", ".", "La", "evolución", "del", "marcador", "tumoral", "CA-15.3", "es", "descendente", "hasta", "la", "normalización", ",", "concordando", "con", "la", "buena", "respuesta", "obtenida", "en", "el", "TC", "de", "control", ".", "Tras", "cuatro", "ciclos", ",", "por", "lo", "tanto", ",", "se", "realiza", "TC", "toraco", "-", "abdominal", "de", "reevaluación", "con", "los", "siguientes", "hallazgos", ":", "\"", "Buena", "evolución", "radiológica", "de", "las", "lesiones", "pulmonares", "observando", "disminución", "significativa", "en", "el", "número", "y", "tamaño", "de", "los", "nódulos", "visibles", "en", "TC", "previo", ".", "En", "la", "imagen", "actual", ",", "el", "nódulo", "de", "mayor", "tamaño", "mide", "16", "mm", "de", "diámetro", "máximo", ".", "La", "lesión", "localizada", "en", "octavo", "arco", "costal", "izquierdo", "muestra", "una", "disminución", "de", "tamaño", "a", "expensas", "de", "su", "diámetro", "transverso", "y", "un", "aumento", "difuso", "de", "su", "densidad", "sugestivo", "de", "calcificación", ";", "persisten", "lesiones", "blásticas", "difusas", "óseas", "a", "distintos", "niveles", "\"", ".", "Se", "describe", "además", ",", "masa", "localizada", "en", "polo", "superior", "del", "riñón", "derecho", "de", "40", "x", "40", "mm", "sólida", "y", "de", "densidad", "heterogénea", "compatible", "con", "neoplasia", "primaria", "renal", "sin", "descartar", "metástasis", ",", "ya", "visible", "en", "TC", "y", "PET", "-", "TC", "previo", "sin", "cambios", "significativos", "en", "tamaño", ".", "\n\n", "Ante", "esta", "evolución", ",", "se", "presenta", "el", "caso", "en", "el", "Comité", "de", "Tumores", "Genitourinarios", "para", "decidir", "actitud", "a", "seguir", "con", "respecto", "a", "la", "neoformación", "renal", ".", "Dada", "la", "situación", "actual", ",", "revisamos", "de", "nuevo", "la", "bibliografía", "publicada", "para", "presentar", "datos", "pronósticos", "en", "nuestra", "paciente", ",", "que", "contribuyan", "a", "la", "posible", "decisión", "por", "el", "comité", ".", "Los", "resultados", "en", "el", "último", "análisis", "centrado", "en", "evaluación", "de", "supervivencia", "del", "estudio", "CLEOPATRA", "presentan", "unas", "curvas", "de", "Kaplan", "-", "Meier", "de", "la", "supervivencia", "global", "(", "SG", ")", "de", "una", "separación", "precoz", "entre", "rama", "experimental", "y", "rama", "control", "que", "se", "mantenía", "a", "lo", "largo", "del", "tiempo", ".", "La", "mediana", "de", "SG", "fue", "de", "56,5", "meses", "(", "IC", "95", "%", ")", "para", "la", "rama", "de", "pertuzumab", "(", "HR", "=", "0,68", ";", "IC", "95", "%", ":", "0,56", "-", "0,84", ";", "p", "<", "0,001", ")", ",", "lo", "que", "supone", "una", "mejora", "significativa", "del", "pronóstico", "en", "estas", "pacientes", ".", "\n\n", "Finalmente", ",", "tras", "exponer", "el", "caso", ",", "se", "decide", "en", "Comité", "Interdisciplinar", ",", "se", "realiza", "una", "nefrectomía", "derecha", "laparoscópica", ".", "La", "intervención", "se", "realizó", "sin", "incidencias", "tras", "pautar", "el", "6.º", "ciclo", "de", "quimioterapia", ".", "\n\n", "Macroscópicamente", ",", "en", "la", "pieza", "de", "resección", "quirúrgica", "se", "objetiva", "lesión", "nodular", ",", "bien", "delimitada", ",", "marrón", "clara", "con", "áreas", "de", "coloración", "marrón", "-", "rojizo", ",", "de", "4,5", "x", "3,5", "cm", ".", "El", "diagnóstico", "fue", "de", "metástasis", "de", "carcinoma", "ductal", "de", "mama", "sobre", "carcinoma", "de", "células", "cromófobas", "de", "riñón", "de", "4.5", "cm", ",", "limitado", "a", "parénquima", "renal", ",", "sin", "afectación", "de", "tejido", "adiposo", "peri", "-", "renal", "ni", "estructuras", "del", "seno", ".", "El", "estudio", "inmunohistoquímico", "de", "la", "metástasis", "de", "carcinoma", "de", "mama", "expresa", "40", "%", "de", "receptores", "de", "estrógenos", ",", "receptores", "de", "progesterona", "negativo", ".", "Ki-67", ":", "40", "%", ",", "GCDFP15", ":", "positivo", ";", "mamaglobina", ":", "positivo", ";", "muestra", "amplificación", "del", "gen", "HER-2", "por", "FISH", ".", "La", "inmuno", "-", "histoquímica", "coincide", "con", "tumor", "primario", "mamario", ".", "\n\n", "La", "paciente", "continúa", "tratamiento", "oncológico", "activo", "con", "el", "mismo", "esquema", "de", "tratamiento", "ante", "la", "buena", "tolerancia", "y", "la", "respuesta", "parcial", "de", "la", "enfermedad", "según", "criterios", "RECIST", "(", "Response", "Evaluation", "Criteria", "In", "Solid", "Tumors", ")", ",", "habiendo", "realizado", "8", "ciclos", "hasta", "la", "actualidad", ".", "\n" ]	[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]
methoxypsoralen is a CHEMICAL	23291118_task0	Sentence: Syntheses and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of novel methoxypsoralen derivatives. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O" ]	Syntheses and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of novel methoxypsoralen derivatives.	[ "Syntheses", "and", "evaluation", "of", "the", "antioxidant", "activity", "of", "novel", "methoxypsoralen", "derivatives", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]
methoxypsoralen is a CHEMICAL	23291118_task1	Sentence: Syntheses and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of novel methoxypsoralen derivatives. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: methoxypsoralen Options: CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O" ]	Syntheses and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of novel methoxypsoralen derivatives.	[ "Syntheses", "and", "evaluation", "of", "the", "antioxidant", "activity", "of", "novel", "methoxypsoralen", "derivatives", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]
methoxypsoralen	23291118_task2	Sentence: Syntheses and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of novel methoxypsoralen derivatives. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O" ]	Syntheses and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of novel methoxypsoralen derivatives.	[ "Syntheses", "and", "evaluation", "of", "the", "antioxidant", "activity", "of", "novel", "methoxypsoralen", "derivatives", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]
IL-12 production is an other_name, Th1 cell development is an other_name, acetyl salicylic acid - mediated inhibition is an other_name	76167_task0	Sentence: Decreased IL-12 production and Th1 cell development by acetyl salicylic acid-mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: other_name	[ "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Decreased IL-12 production and Th1 cell development by acetyl salicylic acid-mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB.	[ "Decreased", "IL-12", "production", "and", "Th1", "cell", "development", "by", "acetyl", "salicylic", "acid", "-", "mediated", "inhibition", "of", "NF", "-", "kappaB." ]	[ "other_name", "protein_molecule", "protein_family_or_group", "other_organic_compound", "cell_type", "(AND protein_domain_or_region protein_domain_or_region)", "protein_complex", "DNA_domain_or_region", "RNA_molecule", "" ]
IL-12 production is an other_name, Th1 cell development is an other_name, acetyl salicylic acid - mediated inhibition is an other_name	76167_task1	Sentence: Decreased IL-12 production and Th1 cell development by acetyl salicylic acid-mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: IL-12 production, Th1 cell development, acetyl salicylic acid - mediated inhibition Options: other_name	[ "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Decreased IL-12 production and Th1 cell development by acetyl salicylic acid-mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB.	[ "Decreased", "IL-12", "production", "and", "Th1", "cell", "development", "by", "acetyl", "salicylic", "acid", "-", "mediated", "inhibition", "of", "NF", "-", "kappaB." ]	[ "other_name", "protein_molecule", "protein_family_or_group", "other_organic_compound", "cell_type", "(AND protein_domain_or_region protein_domain_or_region)", "protein_complex", "DNA_domain_or_region", "RNA_molecule", "" ]
IL-12 production, Th1 cell development, acetyl salicylic acid - mediated inhibition	76167_task2	Sentence: Decreased IL-12 production and Th1 cell development by acetyl salicylic acid-mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Decreased IL-12 production and Th1 cell development by acetyl salicylic acid-mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB.	[ "Decreased", "IL-12", "production", "and", "Th1", "cell", "development", "by", "acetyl", "salicylic", "acid", "-", "mediated", "inhibition", "of", "NF", "-", "kappaB." ]	[ "other_name", "protein_molecule", "protein_family_or_group", "other_organic_compound", "cell_type", "(AND protein_domain_or_region protein_domain_or_region)", "protein_complex", "DNA_domain_or_region", "RNA_molecule", "" ]
Arbeit is an umlsterm	DerRadiologe.80380126.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Fragestellung : In dieser Arbeit sollten die diagnostische Treffsicherheit und die Komplikationsrate von CT-gesteuerte Stanzbiopsien ( STB ) thorakaler Raumforderungen mit denen der Feinnadelaspirationsbiopsien ( FNAB ) verglichen werden . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Fragestellung : In dieser Arbeit sollten die diagnostische Treffsicherheit und die Komplikationsrate von CT-gesteuerte Stanzbiopsien ( STB ) thorakaler Raumforderungen mit denen der Feinnadelaspirationsbiopsien ( FNAB ) verglichen werden .	[ "Fragestellung", ":", "In", "dieser", "Arbeit", "sollten", "die", "diagnostische", "Treffsicherheit", "und", "die", "Komplikationsrate", "von", "CT", "-", "gesteuerte", "Stanzbiopsien", "(", "STB", ")", "thorakaler", "Raumforderungen", "mit", "denen", "der", "Feinnadelaspirationsbiopsien", "(", "FNAB", ")", "verglichen", "werden", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Arbeit is an umlsterm	DerRadiologe.80380126.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Fragestellung : In dieser Arbeit sollten die diagnostische Treffsicherheit und die Komplikationsrate von CT-gesteuerte Stanzbiopsien ( STB ) thorakaler Raumforderungen mit denen der Feinnadelaspirationsbiopsien ( FNAB ) verglichen werden . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Arbeit Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Fragestellung : In dieser Arbeit sollten die diagnostische Treffsicherheit und die Komplikationsrate von CT-gesteuerte Stanzbiopsien ( STB ) thorakaler Raumforderungen mit denen der Feinnadelaspirationsbiopsien ( FNAB ) verglichen werden .	[ "Fragestellung", ":", "In", "dieser", "Arbeit", "sollten", "die", "diagnostische", "Treffsicherheit", "und", "die", "Komplikationsrate", "von", "CT", "-", "gesteuerte", "Stanzbiopsien", "(", "STB", ")", "thorakaler", "Raumforderungen", "mit", "denen", "der", "Feinnadelaspirationsbiopsien", "(", "FNAB", ")", "verglichen", "werden", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Arbeit	DerRadiologe.80380126.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Fragestellung : In dieser Arbeit sollten die diagnostische Treffsicherheit und die Komplikationsrate von CT-gesteuerte Stanzbiopsien ( STB ) thorakaler Raumforderungen mit denen der Feinnadelaspirationsbiopsien ( FNAB ) verglichen werden . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Fragestellung : In dieser Arbeit sollten die diagnostische Treffsicherheit und die Komplikationsrate von CT-gesteuerte Stanzbiopsien ( STB ) thorakaler Raumforderungen mit denen der Feinnadelaspirationsbiopsien ( FNAB ) verglichen werden .	[ "Fragestellung", ":", "In", "dieser", "Arbeit", "sollten", "die", "diagnostische", "Treffsicherheit", "und", "die", "Komplikationsrate", "von", "CT", "-", "gesteuerte", "Stanzbiopsien", "(", "STB", ")", "thorakaler", "Raumforderungen", "mit", "denen", "der", "Feinnadelaspirationsbiopsien", "(", "FNAB", ")", "verglichen", "werden", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
cholecystokinin is a protein, gramicidin is a compound	DS.d415_task0	Sentence: Rebinding experiments with Lys-Gly-Asp, an analogue of Arg-Gly-Asp, and other different peptides, such as cholecystokinin C-terminal tri- and pentapeptide and gramicidin, further indicated the selectivity of methacrylic acid-trimethylpropane trimethacrylate copolymer for Arg-Gly-Asp giving specific selectivity factor values 1.27, 1.98, 1.31 and 1.67, respectively. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Rebinding experiments with Lys-Gly-Asp, an analogue of Arg-Gly-Asp, and other different peptides, such as cholecystokinin C-terminal tri- and pentapeptide and gramicidin, further indicated the selectivity of methacrylic acid-trimethylpropane trimethacrylate copolymer for Arg-Gly-Asp giving specific selectivity factor values 1.27, 1.98, 1.31 and 1.67, respectively.	[ "Rebinding", "experiments", "with", "Lys", "-", "Gly", "-", "Asp", ",", "an", "analogue", "of", "Arg", "-", "Gly", "-", "Asp", ",", "and", "other", "different", "peptides", ",", "such", "as", "cholecystokinin", "C", "-", "terminal", "tri-", "and", "pentapeptide", "and", "gramicidin", ",", "further", "indicated", "the", "selectivity", "of", "methacrylic", "acid", "-", "trimethylpropane", "trimethacrylate", "copolymer", "for", "Arg", "-", "Gly", "-", "Asp", "giving", "specific", "selectivity", "factor", "values", "1.27", ",", "1.98", ",", "1.31", "and", "1.67", ",", "respectively", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
cholecystokinin is a protein, gramicidin is a compound	DS.d415_task1	Sentence: Rebinding experiments with Lys-Gly-Asp, an analogue of Arg-Gly-Asp, and other different peptides, such as cholecystokinin C-terminal tri- and pentapeptide and gramicidin, further indicated the selectivity of methacrylic acid-trimethylpropane trimethacrylate copolymer for Arg-Gly-Asp giving specific selectivity factor values 1.27, 1.98, 1.31 and 1.67, respectively. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cholecystokinin, gramicidin Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Rebinding experiments with Lys-Gly-Asp, an analogue of Arg-Gly-Asp, and other different peptides, such as cholecystokinin C-terminal tri- and pentapeptide and gramicidin, further indicated the selectivity of methacrylic acid-trimethylpropane trimethacrylate copolymer for Arg-Gly-Asp giving specific selectivity factor values 1.27, 1.98, 1.31 and 1.67, respectively.	[ "Rebinding", "experiments", "with", "Lys", "-", "Gly", "-", "Asp", ",", "an", "analogue", "of", "Arg", "-", "Gly", "-", "Asp", ",", "and", "other", "different", "peptides", ",", "such", "as", "cholecystokinin", "C", "-", "terminal", "tri-", "and", "pentapeptide", "and", "gramicidin", ",", "further", "indicated", "the", "selectivity", "of", "methacrylic", "acid", "-", "trimethylpropane", "trimethacrylate", "copolymer", "for", "Arg", "-", "Gly", "-", "Asp", "giving", "specific", "selectivity", "factor", "values", "1.27", ",", "1.98", ",", "1.31", "and", "1.67", ",", "respectively", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
cholecystokinin, gramicidin	DS.d415_task2	Sentence: Rebinding experiments with Lys-Gly-Asp, an analogue of Arg-Gly-Asp, and other different peptides, such as cholecystokinin C-terminal tri- and pentapeptide and gramicidin, further indicated the selectivity of methacrylic acid-trimethylpropane trimethacrylate copolymer for Arg-Gly-Asp giving specific selectivity factor values 1.27, 1.98, 1.31 and 1.67, respectively. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Rebinding experiments with Lys-Gly-Asp, an analogue of Arg-Gly-Asp, and other different peptides, such as cholecystokinin C-terminal tri- and pentapeptide and gramicidin, further indicated the selectivity of methacrylic acid-trimethylpropane trimethacrylate copolymer for Arg-Gly-Asp giving specific selectivity factor values 1.27, 1.98, 1.31 and 1.67, respectively.	[ "Rebinding", "experiments", "with", "Lys", "-", "Gly", "-", "Asp", ",", "an", "analogue", "of", "Arg", "-", "Gly", "-", "Asp", ",", "and", "other", "different", "peptides", ",", "such", "as", "cholecystokinin", "C", "-", "terminal", "tri-", "and", "pentapeptide", "and", "gramicidin", ",", "further", "indicated", "the", "selectivity", "of", "methacrylic", "acid", "-", "trimethylpropane", "trimethacrylate", "copolymer", "for", "Arg", "-", "Gly", "-", "Asp", "giving", "specific", "selectivity", "factor", "values", "1.27", ",", "1.98", ",", "1.31", "and", "1.67", ",", "respectively", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]

functional T - cell receptor signaling pathway, p95vav activity

583_task2

Sentence: A functional T-cell receptor signaling pathway is required for p95vav activity. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]

A functional T-cell receptor signaling pathway is required for p95vav activity.

[ "A", "functional", "T", "-", "cell", "receptor", "signaling", "pathway", "is", "required", "for", "p95vav", "activity", "." ]

[ "protein_domain_or_region", "(AND other_name other_name)", "other_name", "(AND cell_type cell_type)", "protein_family_or_group", "other_organic_compound", "atom", "protein_molecule", "", "protein_substructure", "cell_line", "amino_acid_monomer", "cell_type" ]

cruciferous vegetables is a Plant, broccoli is a Plant, cabbage is a Plant, Brussels sprouts is a Plant, breast cancer is a Disease, breast cancer is a Disease, tumor is a Disease, breast cancer is a Disease

22012859_task0

Sentence: Elastase is the only currently identified target protein for indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring hydrolysis product of glucobrassicin in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts that induces a cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. In vitro elastase enzymatic assays demonstrated that I3C and at lower concentrations its more potent derivative 1-benzyl-indole-3-carbinol (1-benzyl-I3C) act as non-competitive allosteric inhibitors of elastase activity. Consistent with these results, in silico computational simulations have revealed the first predicted interactions of I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C with the crystal structure of human neutrophil elastase, and identified a potential binding cluster on an external surface of the protease outside of the catalytic site that implicates elastase as a target protein for both indolecarbinol compounds. The 205 carboxyterminal truncation of elastase, which disrupts the predicted indolecarbinol binding site, is enzymatically active and generates a novel I3C resistant enzyme. Expression of the wild type and 205 elastase in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells demonstrated that the carboxyterminal domain of elastase is required for the I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C inhibition of enzymatic activity, accumulation of the unprocessed form of the CD40 elastase substrate (a tumor necrosis factor receptor family member), disruption of NFkB nuclear localization and transcriptional activity, and induction of a G1 cell cycle arrest. Surprisingly, expression of the 205 elastase molecule failed to reverse indolecarbinol stimulated apoptosis, establishing an elastase-dependent bifurcation point in anti-proliferative signaling that uncouples the cell cycle and apoptotic responses in human breast cancer cells. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Disease, Plant

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Elastase is the only currently identified target protein for indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring hydrolysis product of glucobrassicin in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts that induces a cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. In vitro elastase enzymatic assays demonstrated that I3C and at lower concentrations its more potent derivative 1-benzyl-indole-3-carbinol (1-benzyl-I3C) act as non-competitive allosteric inhibitors of elastase activity. Consistent with these results, in silico computational simulations have revealed the first predicted interactions of I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C with the crystal structure of human neutrophil elastase, and identified a potential binding cluster on an external surface of the protease outside of the catalytic site that implicates elastase as a target protein for both indolecarbinol compounds. The 205 carboxyterminal truncation of elastase, which disrupts the predicted indolecarbinol binding site, is enzymatically active and generates a novel I3C resistant enzyme. Expression of the wild type and 205 elastase in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells demonstrated that the carboxyterminal domain of elastase is required for the I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C inhibition of enzymatic activity, accumulation of the unprocessed form of the CD40 elastase substrate (a tumor necrosis factor receptor family member), disruption of NFkB nuclear localization and transcriptional activity, and induction of a G1 cell cycle arrest. Surprisingly, expression of the 205 elastase molecule failed to reverse indolecarbinol stimulated apoptosis, establishing an elastase-dependent bifurcation point in anti-proliferative signaling that uncouples the cell cycle and apoptotic responses in human breast cancer cells.

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[ "Plant", "Disease" ]

cruciferous vegetables is a Plant, broccoli is a Plant, cabbage is a Plant, Brussels sprouts is a Plant, breast cancer is a Disease, breast cancer is a Disease, tumor is a Disease, breast cancer is a Disease

22012859_task1

Sentence: Elastase is the only currently identified target protein for indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring hydrolysis product of glucobrassicin in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts that induces a cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. In vitro elastase enzymatic assays demonstrated that I3C and at lower concentrations its more potent derivative 1-benzyl-indole-3-carbinol (1-benzyl-I3C) act as non-competitive allosteric inhibitors of elastase activity. Consistent with these results, in silico computational simulations have revealed the first predicted interactions of I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C with the crystal structure of human neutrophil elastase, and identified a potential binding cluster on an external surface of the protease outside of the catalytic site that implicates elastase as a target protein for both indolecarbinol compounds. The 205 carboxyterminal truncation of elastase, which disrupts the predicted indolecarbinol binding site, is enzymatically active and generates a novel I3C resistant enzyme. Expression of the wild type and 205 elastase in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells demonstrated that the carboxyterminal domain of elastase is required for the I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C inhibition of enzymatic activity, accumulation of the unprocessed form of the CD40 elastase substrate (a tumor necrosis factor receptor family member), disruption of NFkB nuclear localization and transcriptional activity, and induction of a G1 cell cycle arrest. Surprisingly, expression of the 205 elastase molecule failed to reverse indolecarbinol stimulated apoptosis, establishing an elastase-dependent bifurcation point in anti-proliferative signaling that uncouples the cell cycle and apoptotic responses in human breast cancer cells. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cruciferous vegetables, broccoli, cabbage, Brussels sprouts, breast cancer, breast cancer, tumor, breast cancer Options: Disease, Plant

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Elastase is the only currently identified target protein for indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring hydrolysis product of glucobrassicin in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts that induces a cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. In vitro elastase enzymatic assays demonstrated that I3C and at lower concentrations its more potent derivative 1-benzyl-indole-3-carbinol (1-benzyl-I3C) act as non-competitive allosteric inhibitors of elastase activity. Consistent with these results, in silico computational simulations have revealed the first predicted interactions of I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C with the crystal structure of human neutrophil elastase, and identified a potential binding cluster on an external surface of the protease outside of the catalytic site that implicates elastase as a target protein for both indolecarbinol compounds. The 205 carboxyterminal truncation of elastase, which disrupts the predicted indolecarbinol binding site, is enzymatically active and generates a novel I3C resistant enzyme. Expression of the wild type and 205 elastase in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells demonstrated that the carboxyterminal domain of elastase is required for the I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C inhibition of enzymatic activity, accumulation of the unprocessed form of the CD40 elastase substrate (a tumor necrosis factor receptor family member), disruption of NFkB nuclear localization and transcriptional activity, and induction of a G1 cell cycle arrest. Surprisingly, expression of the 205 elastase molecule failed to reverse indolecarbinol stimulated apoptosis, establishing an elastase-dependent bifurcation point in anti-proliferative signaling that uncouples the cell cycle and apoptotic responses in human breast cancer cells.

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[ "Plant", "Disease" ]

cruciferous vegetables, broccoli, cabbage, Brussels sprouts, breast cancer, breast cancer, tumor, breast cancer

22012859_task2

Sentence: Elastase is the only currently identified target protein for indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring hydrolysis product of glucobrassicin in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts that induces a cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. In vitro elastase enzymatic assays demonstrated that I3C and at lower concentrations its more potent derivative 1-benzyl-indole-3-carbinol (1-benzyl-I3C) act as non-competitive allosteric inhibitors of elastase activity. Consistent with these results, in silico computational simulations have revealed the first predicted interactions of I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C with the crystal structure of human neutrophil elastase, and identified a potential binding cluster on an external surface of the protease outside of the catalytic site that implicates elastase as a target protein for both indolecarbinol compounds. The 205 carboxyterminal truncation of elastase, which disrupts the predicted indolecarbinol binding site, is enzymatically active and generates a novel I3C resistant enzyme. Expression of the wild type and 205 elastase in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells demonstrated that the carboxyterminal domain of elastase is required for the I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C inhibition of enzymatic activity, accumulation of the unprocessed form of the CD40 elastase substrate (a tumor necrosis factor receptor family member), disruption of NFkB nuclear localization and transcriptional activity, and induction of a G1 cell cycle arrest. Surprisingly, expression of the 205 elastase molecule failed to reverse indolecarbinol stimulated apoptosis, establishing an elastase-dependent bifurcation point in anti-proliferative signaling that uncouples the cell cycle and apoptotic responses in human breast cancer cells. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Elastase is the only currently identified target protein for indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring hydrolysis product of glucobrassicin in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts that induces a cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. In vitro elastase enzymatic assays demonstrated that I3C and at lower concentrations its more potent derivative 1-benzyl-indole-3-carbinol (1-benzyl-I3C) act as non-competitive allosteric inhibitors of elastase activity. Consistent with these results, in silico computational simulations have revealed the first predicted interactions of I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C with the crystal structure of human neutrophil elastase, and identified a potential binding cluster on an external surface of the protease outside of the catalytic site that implicates elastase as a target protein for both indolecarbinol compounds. The 205 carboxyterminal truncation of elastase, which disrupts the predicted indolecarbinol binding site, is enzymatically active and generates a novel I3C resistant enzyme. Expression of the wild type and 205 elastase in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells demonstrated that the carboxyterminal domain of elastase is required for the I3C and 1-benzyl-I3C inhibition of enzymatic activity, accumulation of the unprocessed form of the CD40 elastase substrate (a tumor necrosis factor receptor family member), disruption of NFkB nuclear localization and transcriptional activity, and induction of a G1 cell cycle arrest. Surprisingly, expression of the 205 elastase molecule failed to reverse indolecarbinol stimulated apoptosis, establishing an elastase-dependent bifurcation point in anti-proliferative signaling that uncouples the cell cycle and apoptotic responses in human breast cancer cells.

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[ "Plant", "Disease" ]

NO is a CHEMICAL, heme domain of NO synthase - like proteins is a GENE-N

16690332_task0

Sentence: Dynamics of NO rebinding to the heme domain of NO synthase-like proteins from bacterial pathogens. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Dynamics of NO rebinding to the heme domain of NO synthase-like proteins from bacterial pathogens.

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[ "GENE-N", "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]

NO is a CHEMICAL, heme domain of NO synthase - like proteins is a GENE-N

16690332_task1

Sentence: Dynamics of NO rebinding to the heme domain of NO synthase-like proteins from bacterial pathogens. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: NO, heme domain of NO synthase - like proteins Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Dynamics of NO rebinding to the heme domain of NO synthase-like proteins from bacterial pathogens.

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[ "GENE-N", "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]

NO, heme domain of NO synthase - like proteins

16690332_task2

Sentence: Dynamics of NO rebinding to the heme domain of NO synthase-like proteins from bacterial pathogens. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Dynamics of NO rebinding to the heme domain of NO synthase-like proteins from bacterial pathogens.

[ "Dynamics", "of", "NO", "rebinding", "to", "the", "heme", "domain", "of", "NO", "synthase", "-", "like", "proteins", "from", "bacterial", "pathogens", "." ]

[ "GENE-N", "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]

patient is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, assessment is an umlsterm, therapeutic is an umlsterm, standards is an umlsterm, techniques is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, recommendations is an umlsterm, choice is an umlsterm, techniques is an umlsterm, regional anaesthesia is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, postoperative period is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, intensive care unit is an umlsterm, intraoperative monitoring is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm, postoperative is an umlsterm, myocardial ischaemia is an umlsterm, infarction is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm, morbidity is an umlsterm, mortality is an umlsterm, elective surgical procedures is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, risk - benefit is an umlsterm, analysis is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, family is an umlsterm

DerChirurg.70680775.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: A high-risk patient is a challenge to the anaesthesiologist . If surgical intervention is indicated the perioperative anaesthesiological management has to be carefully adapted to the requirements of the patient . If the patient is classified a high-risk at the preoperative anaesthesiological assessment , the therapeutic management has to aim at optimizing the patient's preoperative physical status . Intraoperatively , the minimal monitoring standards have to be extended by addition of specific non-invasive or invasive monitoring techniques to observe the intraoperative cardiovascular or pulmonary function according to the patient's preoperative disease . There are no recommendations about the choice of the anaesthesia techniques ; the decision for general or regional anaesthesia depends on the site of operation and is guided by the individual experience of the anaesthesiologist . During the postoperative period each high-risk patient has to be observed in the intensive care unit to continue intraoperative monitoring and therapy . Patients at risk of postoperative myocardial ischaemia or infarction should be closely monitored for 3-5 days postoperatively . The perioperative risk of morbidity and mortality associated with elective surgical procedures has to be evaluated for each patient and the risk-benefit analysis discussed in a interdisciplinary dialogue involving the surgeon , the patient and the patient's family . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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A high-risk patient is a challenge to the anaesthesiologist . If surgical intervention is indicated the perioperative anaesthesiological management has to be carefully adapted to the requirements of the patient . If the patient is classified a high-risk at the preoperative anaesthesiological assessment , the therapeutic management has to aim at optimizing the patient's preoperative physical status . Intraoperatively , the minimal monitoring standards have to be extended by addition of specific non-invasive or invasive monitoring techniques to observe the intraoperative cardiovascular or pulmonary function according to the patient's preoperative disease . There are no recommendations about the choice of the anaesthesia techniques ; the decision for general or regional anaesthesia depends on the site of operation and is guided by the individual experience of the anaesthesiologist . During the postoperative period each high-risk patient has to be observed in the intensive care unit to continue intraoperative monitoring and therapy . Patients at risk of postoperative myocardial ischaemia or infarction should be closely monitored for 3-5 days postoperatively . The perioperative risk of morbidity and mortality associated with elective surgical procedures has to be evaluated for each patient and the risk-benefit analysis discussed in a interdisciplinary dialogue involving the surgeon , the patient and the patient's family .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

patient is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, assessment is an umlsterm, therapeutic is an umlsterm, standards is an umlsterm, techniques is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, recommendations is an umlsterm, choice is an umlsterm, techniques is an umlsterm, regional anaesthesia is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, postoperative period is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, intensive care unit is an umlsterm, intraoperative monitoring is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm, postoperative is an umlsterm, myocardial ischaemia is an umlsterm, infarction is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm, morbidity is an umlsterm, mortality is an umlsterm, elective surgical procedures is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, risk - benefit is an umlsterm, analysis is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, family is an umlsterm

DerChirurg.70680775.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: A high-risk patient is a challenge to the anaesthesiologist . If surgical intervention is indicated the perioperative anaesthesiological management has to be carefully adapted to the requirements of the patient . If the patient is classified a high-risk at the preoperative anaesthesiological assessment , the therapeutic management has to aim at optimizing the patient's preoperative physical status . Intraoperatively , the minimal monitoring standards have to be extended by addition of specific non-invasive or invasive monitoring techniques to observe the intraoperative cardiovascular or pulmonary function according to the patient's preoperative disease . There are no recommendations about the choice of the anaesthesia techniques ; the decision for general or regional anaesthesia depends on the site of operation and is guided by the individual experience of the anaesthesiologist . During the postoperative period each high-risk patient has to be observed in the intensive care unit to continue intraoperative monitoring and therapy . Patients at risk of postoperative myocardial ischaemia or infarction should be closely monitored for 3-5 days postoperatively . The perioperative risk of morbidity and mortality associated with elective surgical procedures has to be evaluated for each patient and the risk-benefit analysis discussed in a interdisciplinary dialogue involving the surgeon , the patient and the patient's family . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: patient, surgical, patient, patient, assessment, therapeutic, standards, techniques, function, disease, recommendations, choice, techniques, regional anaesthesia, operation, postoperative period, patient, intensive care unit, intraoperative monitoring, therapy, Patients, risk of, postoperative, myocardial ischaemia, infarction, risk of, morbidity, mortality, elective surgical procedures, patient, risk - benefit, analysis, patient, family Options: umlsterm

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A high-risk patient is a challenge to the anaesthesiologist . If surgical intervention is indicated the perioperative anaesthesiological management has to be carefully adapted to the requirements of the patient . If the patient is classified a high-risk at the preoperative anaesthesiological assessment , the therapeutic management has to aim at optimizing the patient's preoperative physical status . Intraoperatively , the minimal monitoring standards have to be extended by addition of specific non-invasive or invasive monitoring techniques to observe the intraoperative cardiovascular or pulmonary function according to the patient's preoperative disease . There are no recommendations about the choice of the anaesthesia techniques ; the decision for general or regional anaesthesia depends on the site of operation and is guided by the individual experience of the anaesthesiologist . During the postoperative period each high-risk patient has to be observed in the intensive care unit to continue intraoperative monitoring and therapy . Patients at risk of postoperative myocardial ischaemia or infarction should be closely monitored for 3-5 days postoperatively . The perioperative risk of morbidity and mortality associated with elective surgical procedures has to be evaluated for each patient and the risk-benefit analysis discussed in a interdisciplinary dialogue involving the surgeon , the patient and the patient's family .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

patient, surgical, patient, patient, assessment, therapeutic, standards, techniques, function, disease, recommendations, choice, techniques, regional anaesthesia, operation, postoperative period, patient, intensive care unit, intraoperative monitoring, therapy, Patients, risk of, postoperative, myocardial ischaemia, infarction, risk of, morbidity, mortality, elective surgical procedures, patient, risk - benefit, analysis, patient, family

DerChirurg.70680775.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: A high-risk patient is a challenge to the anaesthesiologist . If surgical intervention is indicated the perioperative anaesthesiological management has to be carefully adapted to the requirements of the patient . If the patient is classified a high-risk at the preoperative anaesthesiological assessment , the therapeutic management has to aim at optimizing the patient's preoperative physical status . Intraoperatively , the minimal monitoring standards have to be extended by addition of specific non-invasive or invasive monitoring techniques to observe the intraoperative cardiovascular or pulmonary function according to the patient's preoperative disease . There are no recommendations about the choice of the anaesthesia techniques ; the decision for general or regional anaesthesia depends on the site of operation and is guided by the individual experience of the anaesthesiologist . During the postoperative period each high-risk patient has to be observed in the intensive care unit to continue intraoperative monitoring and therapy . Patients at risk of postoperative myocardial ischaemia or infarction should be closely monitored for 3-5 days postoperatively . The perioperative risk of morbidity and mortality associated with elective surgical procedures has to be evaluated for each patient and the risk-benefit analysis discussed in a interdisciplinary dialogue involving the surgeon , the patient and the patient's family . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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A high-risk patient is a challenge to the anaesthesiologist . If surgical intervention is indicated the perioperative anaesthesiological management has to be carefully adapted to the requirements of the patient . If the patient is classified a high-risk at the preoperative anaesthesiological assessment , the therapeutic management has to aim at optimizing the patient's preoperative physical status . Intraoperatively , the minimal monitoring standards have to be extended by addition of specific non-invasive or invasive monitoring techniques to observe the intraoperative cardiovascular or pulmonary function according to the patient's preoperative disease . There are no recommendations about the choice of the anaesthesia techniques ; the decision for general or regional anaesthesia depends on the site of operation and is guided by the individual experience of the anaesthesiologist . During the postoperative period each high-risk patient has to be observed in the intensive care unit to continue intraoperative monitoring and therapy . Patients at risk of postoperative myocardial ischaemia or infarction should be closely monitored for 3-5 days postoperatively . The perioperative risk of morbidity and mortality associated with elective surgical procedures has to be evaluated for each patient and the risk-benefit analysis discussed in a interdisciplinary dialogue involving the surgeon , the patient and the patient's family .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

calcium is a CHEMICAL, calmodulin is a GENE-Y, prolactin is a GENE-Y, thyrotropin - releasing hormone is a GENE-Y, K+ is a CHEMICAL

2120879_task0

Sentence: Role of extracellular calcium and calmodulin in prolactin secretion induced by hyposmolarity, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and high K+ in GH4C1 cells. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Role of extracellular calcium and calmodulin in prolactin secretion induced by hyposmolarity, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and high K+ in GH4C1 cells.

[ "Role", "of", "extracellular", "calcium", "and", "calmodulin", "in", "prolactin", "secretion", "induced", "by", "hyposmolarity", ",", "thyrotropin", "-", "releasing", "hormone", ",", "and", "high", "K+", "in", "GH4C1", "cells", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]

calcium is a CHEMICAL, calmodulin is a GENE-Y, prolactin is a GENE-Y, thyrotropin - releasing hormone is a GENE-Y, K+ is a CHEMICAL

2120879_task1

Sentence: Role of extracellular calcium and calmodulin in prolactin secretion induced by hyposmolarity, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and high K+ in GH4C1 cells. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: calcium, calmodulin, prolactin, thyrotropin - releasing hormone, K+ Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Role of extracellular calcium and calmodulin in prolactin secretion induced by hyposmolarity, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and high K+ in GH4C1 cells.

[ "Role", "of", "extracellular", "calcium", "and", "calmodulin", "in", "prolactin", "secretion", "induced", "by", "hyposmolarity", ",", "thyrotropin", "-", "releasing", "hormone", ",", "and", "high", "K+", "in", "GH4C1", "cells", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]

calcium, calmodulin, prolactin, thyrotropin - releasing hormone, K+

2120879_task2

Sentence: Role of extracellular calcium and calmodulin in prolactin secretion induced by hyposmolarity, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and high K+ in GH4C1 cells. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Role of extracellular calcium and calmodulin in prolactin secretion induced by hyposmolarity, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and high K+ in GH4C1 cells.

[ "Role", "of", "extracellular", "calcium", "and", "calmodulin", "in", "prolactin", "secretion", "induced", "by", "hyposmolarity", ",", "thyrotropin", "-", "releasing", "hormone", ",", "and", "high", "K+", "in", "GH4C1", "cells", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]

Amiprilose hydrochloride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, rheumatoid arthritis . is a Participant_Condition, safety is a Outcome_Other, efficacy is a Outcome_Other, amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo - controlled is a Intervention_Control, Two hundred and one is a Participant_Sample-size, amiprilose HCl , 6 g / d is a Intervention_Pharmacological, analgesic medication is a Outcome_Other, number of painful joints is a Outcome_Physical, swollen joints is a Outcome_Physical, joint pain is a Outcome_Pain, joint swelling indices is a Outcome_Physical, left and right grip strength is a Outcome_Physical, investigator global assessment is a Outcome_Physical, patient global assessment is a Outcome_Physical, overall therapeutic response is a Outcome_Other, morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate is a Outcome_Physical, C - reactive protein is a Outcome_Physical, rheumatoid factor is a Outcome_Physical, adverse experiences is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, thrombocytopenia is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, Amiprilose HCl is a Intervention_Pharmacological, anti - inflammatory activity is a Outcome_Other, favorable safety profile is a Outcome_Other, active rheumatoid arthritis is a Participant_Condition

73244_task0

Sentence: Amiprilose hydrochloride for rheumatoid arthritis . STUDY OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and efficacy of amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ) , a novel synthetic carbohydrate with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties , in patients with rheumatoid arthritis . DESIGN Prospective , multicenter , randomized , parallel group , double-blind placebo-controlled 12-week trial . PATIENTS Two hundred and one functional class I and II patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis , previously untreated with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs . INTERVENTIONS Patients were withdrawn from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy . Those who flared were randomly assigned to amiprilose HCl , 6 g/d , or placebo for 12 weeks . No concomitant anti-inflammatory or antirheumatic drug therapy was permitted during the study . Combination acetaminophen and propoxyphene napsylate was the only supplemental analgesic medication allowed . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The number of painful joints and swollen joints , joint pain and joint swelling indices , left and right grip strength , investigator global assessment , and patient global assessment returned to baseline for the amiprilose group and showed statistically significant ( P less than 0.05 ) differences from the placebo group within 4 to 6 weeks . The protocol criteria for overall therapeutic response were satisfied by 41 % of the amiprilose patients , compared with 21 % of the placebo group ( P = 0.003 ) . Approximately 0.5 tablet per day less analgesic medication was taken by the amiprilose group ( P less than 0.05 at weeks 6 and 12 ) . There were no statistically significant differences in morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate , C-reactive protein , or rheumatoid factor between the groups . A similar number of adverse experiences were reported by the patients on amiprilose ( 67 % ) and on placebo ( 63 % ) . One patient on amiprilose developed thrombocytopenia of unknown cause ; no other reported adverse effects were serious . CONCLUSIONS Amiprilose HCl has significant anti-inflammatory activity and a favorable safety profile when used as the sole antirheumatic therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis . Synthetic carbohydrates may represent an important new class of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory , autoimmune diseases . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Pain, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other

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Amiprilose hydrochloride for rheumatoid arthritis . STUDY OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and efficacy of amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ) , a novel synthetic carbohydrate with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties , in patients with rheumatoid arthritis . DESIGN Prospective , multicenter , randomized , parallel group , double-blind placebo-controlled 12-week trial . PATIENTS Two hundred and one functional class I and II patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis , previously untreated with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs . INTERVENTIONS Patients were withdrawn from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy . Those who flared were randomly assigned to amiprilose HCl , 6 g/d , or placebo for 12 weeks . No concomitant anti-inflammatory or antirheumatic drug therapy was permitted during the study . Combination acetaminophen and propoxyphene napsylate was the only supplemental analgesic medication allowed . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The number of painful joints and swollen joints , joint pain and joint swelling indices , left and right grip strength , investigator global assessment , and patient global assessment returned to baseline for the amiprilose group and showed statistically significant ( P less than 0.05 ) differences from the placebo group within 4 to 6 weeks . The protocol criteria for overall therapeutic response were satisfied by 41 % of the amiprilose patients , compared with 21 % of the placebo group ( P = 0.003 ) . Approximately 0.5 tablet per day less analgesic medication was taken by the amiprilose group ( P less than 0.05 at weeks 6 and 12 ) . There were no statistically significant differences in morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate , C-reactive protein , or rheumatoid factor between the groups . A similar number of adverse experiences were reported by the patients on amiprilose ( 67 % ) and on placebo ( 63 % ) . One patient on amiprilose developed thrombocytopenia of unknown cause ; no other reported adverse effects were serious . CONCLUSIONS Amiprilose HCl has significant anti-inflammatory activity and a favorable safety profile when used as the sole antirheumatic therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis . Synthetic carbohydrates may represent an important new class of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory , autoimmune diseases .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Control", "Outcome_Pain" ]

Amiprilose hydrochloride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, rheumatoid arthritis . is a Participant_Condition, safety is a Outcome_Other, efficacy is a Outcome_Other, amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo - controlled is a Intervention_Control, Two hundred and one is a Participant_Sample-size, amiprilose HCl , 6 g / d is a Intervention_Pharmacological, analgesic medication is a Outcome_Other, number of painful joints is a Outcome_Physical, swollen joints is a Outcome_Physical, joint pain is a Outcome_Pain, joint swelling indices is a Outcome_Physical, left and right grip strength is a Outcome_Physical, investigator global assessment is a Outcome_Physical, patient global assessment is a Outcome_Physical, overall therapeutic response is a Outcome_Other, morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate is a Outcome_Physical, C - reactive protein is a Outcome_Physical, rheumatoid factor is a Outcome_Physical, adverse experiences is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, thrombocytopenia is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, Amiprilose HCl is a Intervention_Pharmacological, anti - inflammatory activity is a Outcome_Other, favorable safety profile is a Outcome_Other, active rheumatoid arthritis is a Participant_Condition

73244_task1

Sentence: Amiprilose hydrochloride for rheumatoid arthritis . STUDY OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and efficacy of amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ) , a novel synthetic carbohydrate with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties , in patients with rheumatoid arthritis . DESIGN Prospective , multicenter , randomized , parallel group , double-blind placebo-controlled 12-week trial . PATIENTS Two hundred and one functional class I and II patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis , previously untreated with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs . INTERVENTIONS Patients were withdrawn from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy . Those who flared were randomly assigned to amiprilose HCl , 6 g/d , or placebo for 12 weeks . No concomitant anti-inflammatory or antirheumatic drug therapy was permitted during the study . Combination acetaminophen and propoxyphene napsylate was the only supplemental analgesic medication allowed . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The number of painful joints and swollen joints , joint pain and joint swelling indices , left and right grip strength , investigator global assessment , and patient global assessment returned to baseline for the amiprilose group and showed statistically significant ( P less than 0.05 ) differences from the placebo group within 4 to 6 weeks . The protocol criteria for overall therapeutic response were satisfied by 41 % of the amiprilose patients , compared with 21 % of the placebo group ( P = 0.003 ) . Approximately 0.5 tablet per day less analgesic medication was taken by the amiprilose group ( P less than 0.05 at weeks 6 and 12 ) . There were no statistically significant differences in morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate , C-reactive protein , or rheumatoid factor between the groups . A similar number of adverse experiences were reported by the patients on amiprilose ( 67 % ) and on placebo ( 63 % ) . One patient on amiprilose developed thrombocytopenia of unknown cause ; no other reported adverse effects were serious . CONCLUSIONS Amiprilose HCl has significant anti-inflammatory activity and a favorable safety profile when used as the sole antirheumatic therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis . Synthetic carbohydrates may represent an important new class of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory , autoimmune diseases . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Amiprilose hydrochloride, rheumatoid arthritis ., safety, efficacy, amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ), placebo - controlled, Two hundred and one, amiprilose HCl , 6 g / d, analgesic medication, number of painful joints, swollen joints, joint pain, joint swelling indices, left and right grip strength, investigator global assessment, patient global assessment, overall therapeutic response, morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C - reactive protein, rheumatoid factor, adverse experiences, thrombocytopenia, Amiprilose HCl, anti - inflammatory activity, favorable safety profile, active rheumatoid arthritis Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Pain, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other

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Amiprilose hydrochloride for rheumatoid arthritis . STUDY OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and efficacy of amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ) , a novel synthetic carbohydrate with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties , in patients with rheumatoid arthritis . DESIGN Prospective , multicenter , randomized , parallel group , double-blind placebo-controlled 12-week trial . PATIENTS Two hundred and one functional class I and II patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis , previously untreated with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs . INTERVENTIONS Patients were withdrawn from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy . Those who flared were randomly assigned to amiprilose HCl , 6 g/d , or placebo for 12 weeks . No concomitant anti-inflammatory or antirheumatic drug therapy was permitted during the study . Combination acetaminophen and propoxyphene napsylate was the only supplemental analgesic medication allowed . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The number of painful joints and swollen joints , joint pain and joint swelling indices , left and right grip strength , investigator global assessment , and patient global assessment returned to baseline for the amiprilose group and showed statistically significant ( P less than 0.05 ) differences from the placebo group within 4 to 6 weeks . The protocol criteria for overall therapeutic response were satisfied by 41 % of the amiprilose patients , compared with 21 % of the placebo group ( P = 0.003 ) . Approximately 0.5 tablet per day less analgesic medication was taken by the amiprilose group ( P less than 0.05 at weeks 6 and 12 ) . There were no statistically significant differences in morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate , C-reactive protein , or rheumatoid factor between the groups . A similar number of adverse experiences were reported by the patients on amiprilose ( 67 % ) and on placebo ( 63 % ) . One patient on amiprilose developed thrombocytopenia of unknown cause ; no other reported adverse effects were serious . CONCLUSIONS Amiprilose HCl has significant anti-inflammatory activity and a favorable safety profile when used as the sole antirheumatic therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis . Synthetic carbohydrates may represent an important new class of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory , autoimmune diseases .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Control", "Outcome_Pain" ]

Amiprilose hydrochloride, rheumatoid arthritis ., safety, efficacy, amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ), placebo - controlled, Two hundred and one, amiprilose HCl , 6 g / d, analgesic medication, number of painful joints, swollen joints, joint pain, joint swelling indices, left and right grip strength, investigator global assessment, patient global assessment, overall therapeutic response, morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C - reactive protein, rheumatoid factor, adverse experiences, thrombocytopenia, Amiprilose HCl, anti - inflammatory activity, favorable safety profile, active rheumatoid arthritis

73244_task2

Sentence: Amiprilose hydrochloride for rheumatoid arthritis . STUDY OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and efficacy of amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ) , a novel synthetic carbohydrate with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties , in patients with rheumatoid arthritis . DESIGN Prospective , multicenter , randomized , parallel group , double-blind placebo-controlled 12-week trial . PATIENTS Two hundred and one functional class I and II patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis , previously untreated with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs . INTERVENTIONS Patients were withdrawn from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy . Those who flared were randomly assigned to amiprilose HCl , 6 g/d , or placebo for 12 weeks . No concomitant anti-inflammatory or antirheumatic drug therapy was permitted during the study . Combination acetaminophen and propoxyphene napsylate was the only supplemental analgesic medication allowed . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The number of painful joints and swollen joints , joint pain and joint swelling indices , left and right grip strength , investigator global assessment , and patient global assessment returned to baseline for the amiprilose group and showed statistically significant ( P less than 0.05 ) differences from the placebo group within 4 to 6 weeks . The protocol criteria for overall therapeutic response were satisfied by 41 % of the amiprilose patients , compared with 21 % of the placebo group ( P = 0.003 ) . Approximately 0.5 tablet per day less analgesic medication was taken by the amiprilose group ( P less than 0.05 at weeks 6 and 12 ) . There were no statistically significant differences in morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate , C-reactive protein , or rheumatoid factor between the groups . A similar number of adverse experiences were reported by the patients on amiprilose ( 67 % ) and on placebo ( 63 % ) . One patient on amiprilose developed thrombocytopenia of unknown cause ; no other reported adverse effects were serious . CONCLUSIONS Amiprilose HCl has significant anti-inflammatory activity and a favorable safety profile when used as the sole antirheumatic therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis . Synthetic carbohydrates may represent an important new class of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory , autoimmune diseases . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Amiprilose hydrochloride for rheumatoid arthritis . STUDY OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and efficacy of amiprilose hydrochloride ( HCl ) , a novel synthetic carbohydrate with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties , in patients with rheumatoid arthritis . DESIGN Prospective , multicenter , randomized , parallel group , double-blind placebo-controlled 12-week trial . PATIENTS Two hundred and one functional class I and II patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis , previously untreated with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs . INTERVENTIONS Patients were withdrawn from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy . Those who flared were randomly assigned to amiprilose HCl , 6 g/d , or placebo for 12 weeks . No concomitant anti-inflammatory or antirheumatic drug therapy was permitted during the study . Combination acetaminophen and propoxyphene napsylate was the only supplemental analgesic medication allowed . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The number of painful joints and swollen joints , joint pain and joint swelling indices , left and right grip strength , investigator global assessment , and patient global assessment returned to baseline for the amiprilose group and showed statistically significant ( P less than 0.05 ) differences from the placebo group within 4 to 6 weeks . The protocol criteria for overall therapeutic response were satisfied by 41 % of the amiprilose patients , compared with 21 % of the placebo group ( P = 0.003 ) . Approximately 0.5 tablet per day less analgesic medication was taken by the amiprilose group ( P less than 0.05 at weeks 6 and 12 ) . There were no statistically significant differences in morning stiffness , walking time , erythrocyte sedimentation rate , C-reactive protein , or rheumatoid factor between the groups . A similar number of adverse experiences were reported by the patients on amiprilose ( 67 % ) and on placebo ( 63 % ) . One patient on amiprilose developed thrombocytopenia of unknown cause ; no other reported adverse effects were serious . CONCLUSIONS Amiprilose HCl has significant anti-inflammatory activity and a favorable safety profile when used as the sole antirheumatic therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis . Synthetic carbohydrates may represent an important new class of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory , autoimmune diseases .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Control", "Outcome_Pain" ]

insulin infusion is a Intervention_Pharmacological, intradermal ( ID ) is a Intervention_Physical, continuous microneedle - based drug infusion is a Intervention_Physical, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII is a Participant_Condition, Twenty - eight is a Participant_Sample-size, 23 is a Participant_Sample-size, of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum is a Outcome_Physical, endpoint insulin Tmax is a Outcome_Physical, significantly shorter Tmax is a Outcome_Physical, smaller intra - subject variability is a Outcome_Physical, secondary PK endpoints is a Outcome_Physical, findings is a Outcome_Other, Postprandial glycemic response is a Outcome_Physical, reduced time for insulin absorption is a Outcome_Other, less intra - subject variability is a Outcome_Other, lower glycemic response is a Outcome_Mental

71641_task0

Sentence: Intradermal insulin infusion achieves faster insulin action than subcutaneous infusion for 3-day wear . Rapid uptake previously demonstrated by intradermal ( ID ) drug administration indicates compound delivery within the dermis may have clinical and pharmacological advantages for certain drug therapies . This study is the first clinical trial to evaluate continuous microneedle-based drug infusion , device wearability , and intradermal microneedle insulin kinetics over a multi-day ( 72 h ) wear period . This was a single center , open-label , two-period crossover study in T1DM patients on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII ) . Patients received treatment during interventional visits : one SC and one ID basal/bolus infusion of insulin aspart ( NovoRapid® U-100 ) administered over 3 days in a randomized order . Twenty-eight patients were randomized and exposed to trial product , and 23 completed the study . Bolus insulin infusions were given prior to standardized breakfast and lunch test meals on each of the three treatment days . Blood samples were drawn at predefined time points for measurements of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum . The primary endpoint insulin Tmax demonstrated that ID bolus infusion was associated with a significantly shorter Tmax with statistically significantly smaller intra-subject variability , compared to SC infusion , and this difference was maintained over three treatment days . Analyses of secondary PK endpoints corresponded with the primary endpoint findings . Postprandial glycemic response was significantly less pronounced after ID bolus : For most endpoints ID vs. SC , differences were statistically significant within the 0-1.5 or 0-2 h time period . Intradermal delivery of insulin is a viable delivery route alternative providing reduced time for insulin absorption with less intra-subject variability and lower glycemic response . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other, Outcome_Mental

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Intradermal insulin infusion achieves faster insulin action than subcutaneous infusion for 3-day wear . Rapid uptake previously demonstrated by intradermal ( ID ) drug administration indicates compound delivery within the dermis may have clinical and pharmacological advantages for certain drug therapies . This study is the first clinical trial to evaluate continuous microneedle-based drug infusion , device wearability , and intradermal microneedle insulin kinetics over a multi-day ( 72 h ) wear period . This was a single center , open-label , two-period crossover study in T1DM patients on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII ) . Patients received treatment during interventional visits : one SC and one ID basal/bolus infusion of insulin aspart ( NovoRapid® U-100 ) administered over 3 days in a randomized order . Twenty-eight patients were randomized and exposed to trial product , and 23 completed the study . Bolus insulin infusions were given prior to standardized breakfast and lunch test meals on each of the three treatment days . Blood samples were drawn at predefined time points for measurements of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum . The primary endpoint insulin Tmax demonstrated that ID bolus infusion was associated with a significantly shorter Tmax with statistically significantly smaller intra-subject variability , compared to SC infusion , and this difference was maintained over three treatment days . Analyses of secondary PK endpoints corresponded with the primary endpoint findings . Postprandial glycemic response was significantly less pronounced after ID bolus : For most endpoints ID vs. SC , differences were statistically significant within the 0-1.5 or 0-2 h time period . Intradermal delivery of insulin is a viable delivery route alternative providing reduced time for insulin absorption with less intra-subject variability and lower glycemic response .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Mental", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

insulin infusion is a Intervention_Pharmacological, intradermal ( ID ) is a Intervention_Physical, continuous microneedle - based drug infusion is a Intervention_Physical, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII is a Participant_Condition, Twenty - eight is a Participant_Sample-size, 23 is a Participant_Sample-size, of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum is a Outcome_Physical, endpoint insulin Tmax is a Outcome_Physical, significantly shorter Tmax is a Outcome_Physical, smaller intra - subject variability is a Outcome_Physical, secondary PK endpoints is a Outcome_Physical, findings is a Outcome_Other, Postprandial glycemic response is a Outcome_Physical, reduced time for insulin absorption is a Outcome_Other, less intra - subject variability is a Outcome_Other, lower glycemic response is a Outcome_Mental

71641_task1

Sentence: Intradermal insulin infusion achieves faster insulin action than subcutaneous infusion for 3-day wear . Rapid uptake previously demonstrated by intradermal ( ID ) drug administration indicates compound delivery within the dermis may have clinical and pharmacological advantages for certain drug therapies . This study is the first clinical trial to evaluate continuous microneedle-based drug infusion , device wearability , and intradermal microneedle insulin kinetics over a multi-day ( 72 h ) wear period . This was a single center , open-label , two-period crossover study in T1DM patients on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII ) . Patients received treatment during interventional visits : one SC and one ID basal/bolus infusion of insulin aspart ( NovoRapid® U-100 ) administered over 3 days in a randomized order . Twenty-eight patients were randomized and exposed to trial product , and 23 completed the study . Bolus insulin infusions were given prior to standardized breakfast and lunch test meals on each of the three treatment days . Blood samples were drawn at predefined time points for measurements of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum . The primary endpoint insulin Tmax demonstrated that ID bolus infusion was associated with a significantly shorter Tmax with statistically significantly smaller intra-subject variability , compared to SC infusion , and this difference was maintained over three treatment days . Analyses of secondary PK endpoints corresponded with the primary endpoint findings . Postprandial glycemic response was significantly less pronounced after ID bolus : For most endpoints ID vs. SC , differences were statistically significant within the 0-1.5 or 0-2 h time period . Intradermal delivery of insulin is a viable delivery route alternative providing reduced time for insulin absorption with less intra-subject variability and lower glycemic response . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: insulin infusion, intradermal ( ID ), continuous microneedle - based drug infusion, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII, Twenty - eight, 23, of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum, endpoint insulin Tmax, significantly shorter Tmax, smaller intra - subject variability, secondary PK endpoints, findings, Postprandial glycemic response, reduced time for insulin absorption, less intra - subject variability, lower glycemic response Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other, Outcome_Mental

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Intradermal insulin infusion achieves faster insulin action than subcutaneous infusion for 3-day wear . Rapid uptake previously demonstrated by intradermal ( ID ) drug administration indicates compound delivery within the dermis may have clinical and pharmacological advantages for certain drug therapies . This study is the first clinical trial to evaluate continuous microneedle-based drug infusion , device wearability , and intradermal microneedle insulin kinetics over a multi-day ( 72 h ) wear period . This was a single center , open-label , two-period crossover study in T1DM patients on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII ) . Patients received treatment during interventional visits : one SC and one ID basal/bolus infusion of insulin aspart ( NovoRapid® U-100 ) administered over 3 days in a randomized order . Twenty-eight patients were randomized and exposed to trial product , and 23 completed the study . Bolus insulin infusions were given prior to standardized breakfast and lunch test meals on each of the three treatment days . Blood samples were drawn at predefined time points for measurements of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum . The primary endpoint insulin Tmax demonstrated that ID bolus infusion was associated with a significantly shorter Tmax with statistically significantly smaller intra-subject variability , compared to SC infusion , and this difference was maintained over three treatment days . Analyses of secondary PK endpoints corresponded with the primary endpoint findings . Postprandial glycemic response was significantly less pronounced after ID bolus : For most endpoints ID vs. SC , differences were statistically significant within the 0-1.5 or 0-2 h time period . Intradermal delivery of insulin is a viable delivery route alternative providing reduced time for insulin absorption with less intra-subject variability and lower glycemic response .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Mental", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

insulin infusion, intradermal ( ID ), continuous microneedle - based drug infusion, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII, Twenty - eight, 23, of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum, endpoint insulin Tmax, significantly shorter Tmax, smaller intra - subject variability, secondary PK endpoints, findings, Postprandial glycemic response, reduced time for insulin absorption, less intra - subject variability, lower glycemic response

71641_task2

Sentence: Intradermal insulin infusion achieves faster insulin action than subcutaneous infusion for 3-day wear . Rapid uptake previously demonstrated by intradermal ( ID ) drug administration indicates compound delivery within the dermis may have clinical and pharmacological advantages for certain drug therapies . This study is the first clinical trial to evaluate continuous microneedle-based drug infusion , device wearability , and intradermal microneedle insulin kinetics over a multi-day ( 72 h ) wear period . This was a single center , open-label , two-period crossover study in T1DM patients on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII ) . Patients received treatment during interventional visits : one SC and one ID basal/bolus infusion of insulin aspart ( NovoRapid® U-100 ) administered over 3 days in a randomized order . Twenty-eight patients were randomized and exposed to trial product , and 23 completed the study . Bolus insulin infusions were given prior to standardized breakfast and lunch test meals on each of the three treatment days . Blood samples were drawn at predefined time points for measurements of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum . The primary endpoint insulin Tmax demonstrated that ID bolus infusion was associated with a significantly shorter Tmax with statistically significantly smaller intra-subject variability , compared to SC infusion , and this difference was maintained over three treatment days . Analyses of secondary PK endpoints corresponded with the primary endpoint findings . Postprandial glycemic response was significantly less pronounced after ID bolus : For most endpoints ID vs. SC , differences were statistically significant within the 0-1.5 or 0-2 h time period . Intradermal delivery of insulin is a viable delivery route alternative providing reduced time for insulin absorption with less intra-subject variability and lower glycemic response . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O" ]

Intradermal insulin infusion achieves faster insulin action than subcutaneous infusion for 3-day wear . Rapid uptake previously demonstrated by intradermal ( ID ) drug administration indicates compound delivery within the dermis may have clinical and pharmacological advantages for certain drug therapies . This study is the first clinical trial to evaluate continuous microneedle-based drug infusion , device wearability , and intradermal microneedle insulin kinetics over a multi-day ( 72 h ) wear period . This was a single center , open-label , two-period crossover study in T1DM patients on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII ) . Patients received treatment during interventional visits : one SC and one ID basal/bolus infusion of insulin aspart ( NovoRapid® U-100 ) administered over 3 days in a randomized order . Twenty-eight patients were randomized and exposed to trial product , and 23 completed the study . Bolus insulin infusions were given prior to standardized breakfast and lunch test meals on each of the three treatment days . Blood samples were drawn at predefined time points for measurements of insulin aspart and blood glucose in serum . The primary endpoint insulin Tmax demonstrated that ID bolus infusion was associated with a significantly shorter Tmax with statistically significantly smaller intra-subject variability , compared to SC infusion , and this difference was maintained over three treatment days . Analyses of secondary PK endpoints corresponded with the primary endpoint findings . Postprandial glycemic response was significantly less pronounced after ID bolus : For most endpoints ID vs. SC , differences were statistically significant within the 0-1.5 or 0-2 h time period . Intradermal delivery of insulin is a viable delivery route alternative providing reduced time for insulin absorption with less intra-subject variability and lower glycemic response .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Mental", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

patient refusal is a Observation, age is a Person, less than 40 or over 80 years is a Scope, combined surgical procedures is a Procedure, emergency surgery is a Procedure, Left ventricular ejection fraction is a Measurement, less than 50 per cent is a Value, calculated creatinine clearance is a Measurement, less than 60 mL per minute is a Value

NCT01715584_exc_task0

Sentence: patient refusal age less than 40 or over 80 years combined surgical procedures emergency surgery Left ventricular ejection fraction less than 50 per cent calculated creatinine clearance less than 60 mL per minute Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Value, Person, Observation, Procedure, Scope, Measurement

[ "B-Observation", "I-Observation", "O", "B-Person", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O" ]

patient refusal age less than 40 or over 80 years combined surgical procedures emergency surgery Left ventricular ejection fraction less than 50 per cent calculated creatinine clearance less than 60 mL per minute

[ "patient", "refusal", "\n", "age", "less", "than", "40", "or", "over", "80", "years", "\n", "combined", "surgical", "procedures", "\n", "emergency", "surgery", "\n", "Left", "ventricular", "ejection", "fraction", "less", "than", "50", "per", "cent", "\n", "calculated", "creatinine", "clearance", "less", "than", "60", "mL", "per", "minute", "\n" ]

[ "Measurement", "Scope", "Procedure", "Value", "Observation", "Person" ]

patient refusal is a Observation, age is a Person, less than 40 or over 80 years is a Scope, combined surgical procedures is a Procedure, emergency surgery is a Procedure, Left ventricular ejection fraction is a Measurement, less than 50 per cent is a Value, calculated creatinine clearance is a Measurement, less than 60 mL per minute is a Value

NCT01715584_exc_task1

Sentence: patient refusal age less than 40 or over 80 years combined surgical procedures emergency surgery Left ventricular ejection fraction less than 50 per cent calculated creatinine clearance less than 60 mL per minute Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: patient refusal, age, less than 40 or over 80 years, combined surgical procedures, emergency surgery, Left ventricular ejection fraction, less than 50 per cent, calculated creatinine clearance, less than 60 mL per minute Options: Value, Person, Observation, Procedure, Scope, Measurement

[ "B-Observation", "I-Observation", "O", "B-Person", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O" ]

patient refusal age less than 40 or over 80 years combined surgical procedures emergency surgery Left ventricular ejection fraction less than 50 per cent calculated creatinine clearance less than 60 mL per minute

[ "patient", "refusal", "\n", "age", "less", "than", "40", "or", "over", "80", "years", "\n", "combined", "surgical", "procedures", "\n", "emergency", "surgery", "\n", "Left", "ventricular", "ejection", "fraction", "less", "than", "50", "per", "cent", "\n", "calculated", "creatinine", "clearance", "less", "than", "60", "mL", "per", "minute", "\n" ]

[ "Measurement", "Scope", "Procedure", "Value", "Observation", "Person" ]

patient refusal, age, less than 40 or over 80 years, combined surgical procedures, emergency surgery, Left ventricular ejection fraction, less than 50 per cent, calculated creatinine clearance, less than 60 mL per minute

NCT01715584_exc_task2

Sentence: patient refusal age less than 40 or over 80 years combined surgical procedures emergency surgery Left ventricular ejection fraction less than 50 per cent calculated creatinine clearance less than 60 mL per minute Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-Observation", "I-Observation", "O", "B-Person", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O" ]

patient refusal age less than 40 or over 80 years combined surgical procedures emergency surgery Left ventricular ejection fraction less than 50 per cent calculated creatinine clearance less than 60 mL per minute

[ "patient", "refusal", "\n", "age", "less", "than", "40", "or", "over", "80", "years", "\n", "combined", "surgical", "procedures", "\n", "emergency", "surgery", "\n", "Left", "ventricular", "ejection", "fraction", "less", "than", "50", "per", "cent", "\n", "calculated", "creatinine", "clearance", "less", "than", "60", "mL", "per", "minute", "\n" ]

[ "Measurement", "Scope", "Procedure", "Value", "Observation", "Person" ]

Escitalopram is a CHEMICAL

12387707_task0

Sentence: Escitalopram. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: CHEMICAL

[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O" ]

Escitalopram.

[ "Escitalopram", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]

Escitalopram is a CHEMICAL

12387707_task1

Sentence: Escitalopram. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Escitalopram Options: CHEMICAL

[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O" ]

Escitalopram.

[ "Escitalopram", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]

Escitalopram

12387707_task2

Sentence: Escitalopram. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O" ]

Escitalopram.

[ "Escitalopram", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]

IL-6 synthesis is an other_name, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells is a cell_type, C3a is a protein_molecule, C3a(desArg ) is a protein_molecule

52233_task0

Sentence: Regulation of IL-6 synthesis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by C3a and C3a(desArg). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: cell_type, protein_molecule, other_name

[ "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "O" ]

Regulation of IL-6 synthesis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by C3a and C3a(desArg).

[ "Regulation", "of", "IL-6", "synthesis", "in", "human", "peripheral", "blood", "mononuclear", "cells", "by", "C3a", "and", "C3a(desArg", ")", "." ]

[ "(AND other_name other_name)", "cell_type", "other_name", "", "protein_molecule", "protein_family_or_group", "RNA_family_or_group", "protein_complex", "lipid" ]

IL-6 synthesis is an other_name, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells is a cell_type, C3a is a protein_molecule, C3a(desArg ) is a protein_molecule

52233_task1

Sentence: Regulation of IL-6 synthesis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by C3a and C3a(desArg). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: IL-6 synthesis, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, C3a, C3a(desArg ) Options: cell_type, protein_molecule, other_name

[ "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "O" ]

Regulation of IL-6 synthesis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by C3a and C3a(desArg).

[ "Regulation", "of", "IL-6", "synthesis", "in", "human", "peripheral", "blood", "mononuclear", "cells", "by", "C3a", "and", "C3a(desArg", ")", "." ]

[ "(AND other_name other_name)", "cell_type", "other_name", "", "protein_molecule", "protein_family_or_group", "RNA_family_or_group", "protein_complex", "lipid" ]

IL-6 synthesis, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, C3a, C3a(desArg )

52233_task2

Sentence: Regulation of IL-6 synthesis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by C3a and C3a(desArg). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "I-cell_type", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "O", "B-protein_molecule", "I-protein_molecule", "O" ]

Regulation of IL-6 synthesis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by C3a and C3a(desArg).

[ "Regulation", "of", "IL-6", "synthesis", "in", "human", "peripheral", "blood", "mononuclear", "cells", "by", "C3a", "and", "C3a(desArg", ")", "." ]

[ "(AND other_name other_name)", "cell_type", "other_name", "", "protein_molecule", "protein_family_or_group", "RNA_family_or_group", "protein_complex", "lipid" ]

diuretic scanning is an outcome, diuretic renography is an outcome

32_task0

Sentence: Followup was done with diuretic scanning at 3 , 6 , 9 and 12 months and then yearly , and thereafter with diuretic renography . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: outcome

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-outcome", "I-outcome", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-outcome", "I-outcome", "O" ]

Followup was done with diuretic scanning at 3 , 6 , 9 and 12 months and then yearly , and thereafter with diuretic renography .

[ "Followup", "was", "done", "with", "diuretic", "scanning", "at", "3", ",", "6", ",", "9", "and", "12", "months", "and", "then", "yearly", ",", "and", "thereafter", "with", "diuretic", "renography", "." ]

[ "outcome" ]

diuretic scanning is an outcome, diuretic renography is an outcome

32_task1

Sentence: Followup was done with diuretic scanning at 3 , 6 , 9 and 12 months and then yearly , and thereafter with diuretic renography . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: diuretic scanning, diuretic renography Options: outcome

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-outcome", "I-outcome", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-outcome", "I-outcome", "O" ]

Followup was done with diuretic scanning at 3 , 6 , 9 and 12 months and then yearly , and thereafter with diuretic renography .

[ "Followup", "was", "done", "with", "diuretic", "scanning", "at", "3", ",", "6", ",", "9", "and", "12", "months", "and", "then", "yearly", ",", "and", "thereafter", "with", "diuretic", "renography", "." ]

[ "outcome" ]

diuretic scanning, diuretic renography

32_task2

Sentence: Followup was done with diuretic scanning at 3 , 6 , 9 and 12 months and then yearly , and thereafter with diuretic renography . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-outcome", "I-outcome", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-outcome", "I-outcome", "O" ]

Followup was done with diuretic scanning at 3 , 6 , 9 and 12 months and then yearly , and thereafter with diuretic renography .

[ "Followup", "was", "done", "with", "diuretic", "scanning", "at", "3", ",", "6", ",", "9", "and", "12", "months", "and", "then", "yearly", ",", "and", "thereafter", "with", "diuretic", "renography", "." ]

[ "outcome" ]

immunotherapy tablet is a Intervention_Pharmacological, rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life is a Outcome_Physical, grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, adult is a Participant_Age, moderate - severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications is a Participant_Condition, grass AIT is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Quality of life is a Outcome_Other, standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ) is a Outcome_Other, RQLQ ( S ) score is a Outcome_Other, RQLQ ( S ) domains is a Outcome_Other

42532_task0

Sentence: Sustained effect of SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet on rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life . BACKGROUND The prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis has increased significantly over the past decades with grass pollen being a common trigger . The impact of allergy on patient 's quality of life is substantial . AIM To investigate the sustained effect on quality of life during the grass pollen season 1 year after 3 years of treatment with the SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ) , Graza ( Phleum pratense 75,000 SQ-T/2800 BAU ; ALK , Denmark ) . METHODS The trial was a randomized , parallel-group , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial in adult subjects with a history of moderate-severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications . Subjects received 3 years of grass AIT ( n = 157 ) or placebo ( n = 126 ) , followed by 1 year of follow-up . Quality of life assessments were based on the standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ) ; completed weekly during the entire grass pollen season . RESULTS During follow-up , the overall RQLQ ( S ) score for the entire grass pollen season was significantly improved in the active group ( relative difference to placebo : 23 % , P = 0.004 ) . The improvement was higher during the peak pollen season ( 28 % , P = 0.001 ) . The treatment effect of grass AIT during the follow-up year and the previous three treatment years was similar . Improvements were found in all seven RQLQ ( S ) domains . The RQLQ ( S ) as a function of the weekly average pollen counts showed a clear separation between the treatment groups ( P < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSION In subjects inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications , grass AIT provided sustained and clinically relevant improvements in rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life compared to placebo . The effect increased with increasing grass pollen exposure . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Participant_Age, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other

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Sustained effect of SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet on rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life . BACKGROUND The prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis has increased significantly over the past decades with grass pollen being a common trigger . The impact of allergy on patient 's quality of life is substantial . AIM To investigate the sustained effect on quality of life during the grass pollen season 1 year after 3 years of treatment with the SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ) , Graza ( Phleum pratense 75,000 SQ-T/2800 BAU ; ALK , Denmark ) . METHODS The trial was a randomized , parallel-group , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial in adult subjects with a history of moderate-severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications . Subjects received 3 years of grass AIT ( n = 157 ) or placebo ( n = 126 ) , followed by 1 year of follow-up . Quality of life assessments were based on the standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ) ; completed weekly during the entire grass pollen season . RESULTS During follow-up , the overall RQLQ ( S ) score for the entire grass pollen season was significantly improved in the active group ( relative difference to placebo : 23 % , P = 0.004 ) . The improvement was higher during the peak pollen season ( 28 % , P = 0.001 ) . The treatment effect of grass AIT during the follow-up year and the previous three treatment years was similar . Improvements were found in all seven RQLQ ( S ) domains . The RQLQ ( S ) as a function of the weekly average pollen counts showed a clear separation between the treatment groups ( P < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSION In subjects inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications , grass AIT provided sustained and clinically relevant improvements in rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life compared to placebo . The effect increased with increasing grass pollen exposure .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Age" ]

immunotherapy tablet is a Intervention_Pharmacological, rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life is a Outcome_Physical, grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, adult is a Participant_Age, moderate - severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications is a Participant_Condition, grass AIT is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Quality of life is a Outcome_Other, standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ) is a Outcome_Other, RQLQ ( S ) score is a Outcome_Other, RQLQ ( S ) domains is a Outcome_Other

42532_task1

Sentence: Sustained effect of SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet on rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life . BACKGROUND The prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis has increased significantly over the past decades with grass pollen being a common trigger . The impact of allergy on patient 's quality of life is substantial . AIM To investigate the sustained effect on quality of life during the grass pollen season 1 year after 3 years of treatment with the SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ) , Graza ( Phleum pratense 75,000 SQ-T/2800 BAU ; ALK , Denmark ) . METHODS The trial was a randomized , parallel-group , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial in adult subjects with a history of moderate-severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications . Subjects received 3 years of grass AIT ( n = 157 ) or placebo ( n = 126 ) , followed by 1 year of follow-up . Quality of life assessments were based on the standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ) ; completed weekly during the entire grass pollen season . RESULTS During follow-up , the overall RQLQ ( S ) score for the entire grass pollen season was significantly improved in the active group ( relative difference to placebo : 23 % , P = 0.004 ) . The improvement was higher during the peak pollen season ( 28 % , P = 0.001 ) . The treatment effect of grass AIT during the follow-up year and the previous three treatment years was similar . Improvements were found in all seven RQLQ ( S ) domains . The RQLQ ( S ) as a function of the weekly average pollen counts showed a clear separation between the treatment groups ( P < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSION In subjects inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications , grass AIT provided sustained and clinically relevant improvements in rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life compared to placebo . The effect increased with increasing grass pollen exposure . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: immunotherapy tablet, rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life, grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ), placebo, adult, moderate - severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications, grass AIT, Quality of life, standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ), RQLQ ( S ) score, RQLQ ( S ) domains Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Participant_Age, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other

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Sustained effect of SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet on rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life . BACKGROUND The prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis has increased significantly over the past decades with grass pollen being a common trigger . The impact of allergy on patient 's quality of life is substantial . AIM To investigate the sustained effect on quality of life during the grass pollen season 1 year after 3 years of treatment with the SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ) , Graza ( Phleum pratense 75,000 SQ-T/2800 BAU ; ALK , Denmark ) . METHODS The trial was a randomized , parallel-group , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial in adult subjects with a history of moderate-severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications . Subjects received 3 years of grass AIT ( n = 157 ) or placebo ( n = 126 ) , followed by 1 year of follow-up . Quality of life assessments were based on the standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ) ; completed weekly during the entire grass pollen season . RESULTS During follow-up , the overall RQLQ ( S ) score for the entire grass pollen season was significantly improved in the active group ( relative difference to placebo : 23 % , P = 0.004 ) . The improvement was higher during the peak pollen season ( 28 % , P = 0.001 ) . The treatment effect of grass AIT during the follow-up year and the previous three treatment years was similar . Improvements were found in all seven RQLQ ( S ) domains . The RQLQ ( S ) as a function of the weekly average pollen counts showed a clear separation between the treatment groups ( P < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSION In subjects inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications , grass AIT provided sustained and clinically relevant improvements in rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life compared to placebo . The effect increased with increasing grass pollen exposure .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Age" ]

immunotherapy tablet, rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life, grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ), placebo, adult, moderate - severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications, grass AIT, Quality of life, standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ), RQLQ ( S ) score, RQLQ ( S ) domains

42532_task2

Sentence: Sustained effect of SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet on rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life . BACKGROUND The prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis has increased significantly over the past decades with grass pollen being a common trigger . The impact of allergy on patient 's quality of life is substantial . AIM To investigate the sustained effect on quality of life during the grass pollen season 1 year after 3 years of treatment with the SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ) , Graza ( Phleum pratense 75,000 SQ-T/2800 BAU ; ALK , Denmark ) . METHODS The trial was a randomized , parallel-group , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial in adult subjects with a history of moderate-severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications . Subjects received 3 years of grass AIT ( n = 157 ) or placebo ( n = 126 ) , followed by 1 year of follow-up . Quality of life assessments were based on the standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ) ; completed weekly during the entire grass pollen season . RESULTS During follow-up , the overall RQLQ ( S ) score for the entire grass pollen season was significantly improved in the active group ( relative difference to placebo : 23 % , P = 0.004 ) . The improvement was higher during the peak pollen season ( 28 % , P = 0.001 ) . The treatment effect of grass AIT during the follow-up year and the previous three treatment years was similar . Improvements were found in all seven RQLQ ( S ) domains . The RQLQ ( S ) as a function of the weekly average pollen counts showed a clear separation between the treatment groups ( P < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSION In subjects inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications , grass AIT provided sustained and clinically relevant improvements in rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life compared to placebo . The effect increased with increasing grass pollen exposure . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Sustained effect of SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet on rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life . BACKGROUND The prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis has increased significantly over the past decades with grass pollen being a common trigger . The impact of allergy on patient 's quality of life is substantial . AIM To investigate the sustained effect on quality of life during the grass pollen season 1 year after 3 years of treatment with the SQ-standardized grass allergy immunotherapy tablet ( AIT ) , Graza ( Phleum pratense 75,000 SQ-T/2800 BAU ; ALK , Denmark ) . METHODS The trial was a randomized , parallel-group , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial in adult subjects with a history of moderate-severe grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications . Subjects received 3 years of grass AIT ( n = 157 ) or placebo ( n = 126 ) , followed by 1 year of follow-up . Quality of life assessments were based on the standardized rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire ( RQLQ ( S ) ) ; completed weekly during the entire grass pollen season . RESULTS During follow-up , the overall RQLQ ( S ) score for the entire grass pollen season was significantly improved in the active group ( relative difference to placebo : 23 % , P = 0.004 ) . The improvement was higher during the peak pollen season ( 28 % , P = 0.001 ) . The treatment effect of grass AIT during the follow-up year and the previous three treatment years was similar . Improvements were found in all seven RQLQ ( S ) domains . The RQLQ ( S ) as a function of the weekly average pollen counts showed a clear separation between the treatment groups ( P < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSION In subjects inadequately controlled by symptomatic medications , grass AIT provided sustained and clinically relevant improvements in rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life compared to placebo . The effect increased with increasing grass pollen exposure .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Age" ]

cirrhosis is an umlsterm, rigor mortis is an umlsterm, rigor mortis is an umlsterm, rigor mortis is an umlsterm

Rechtsmedizin.70070165.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: It has been claimed [ 2 ] that victims of Indian childhood cirrhosis do not develop rigor mortis . The biochemical mechanism suggested to explain such a supposed phenomenon , however , is not convincing . But there are cases of `imperceptible rigor mortis ' due to low muscular mass which might be confused with real absence of rigor mortis . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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It has been claimed [ 2 ] that victims of Indian childhood cirrhosis do not develop rigor mortis . The biochemical mechanism suggested to explain such a supposed phenomenon , however , is not convincing . But there are cases of `imperceptible rigor mortis ' due to low muscular mass which might be confused with real absence of rigor mortis .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

cirrhosis is an umlsterm, rigor mortis is an umlsterm, rigor mortis is an umlsterm, rigor mortis is an umlsterm

Rechtsmedizin.70070165.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: It has been claimed [ 2 ] that victims of Indian childhood cirrhosis do not develop rigor mortis . The biochemical mechanism suggested to explain such a supposed phenomenon , however , is not convincing . But there are cases of `imperceptible rigor mortis ' due to low muscular mass which might be confused with real absence of rigor mortis . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cirrhosis, rigor mortis, rigor mortis, rigor mortis Options: umlsterm

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It has been claimed [ 2 ] that victims of Indian childhood cirrhosis do not develop rigor mortis . The biochemical mechanism suggested to explain such a supposed phenomenon , however , is not convincing . But there are cases of `imperceptible rigor mortis ' due to low muscular mass which might be confused with real absence of rigor mortis .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

cirrhosis, rigor mortis, rigor mortis, rigor mortis

Rechtsmedizin.70070165.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: It has been claimed [ 2 ] that victims of Indian childhood cirrhosis do not develop rigor mortis . The biochemical mechanism suggested to explain such a supposed phenomenon , however , is not convincing . But there are cases of `imperceptible rigor mortis ' due to low muscular mass which might be confused with real absence of rigor mortis . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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It has been claimed [ 2 ] that victims of Indian childhood cirrhosis do not develop rigor mortis . The biochemical mechanism suggested to explain such a supposed phenomenon , however , is not convincing . But there are cases of `imperceptible rigor mortis ' due to low muscular mass which might be confused with real absence of rigor mortis .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

argón is a NORMALIZABLES

227_task0

Sentence: Varón de 26 años de edad que presenta disminución de agudeza visual (AV) en ojo izquierdo (OI) de dos años de evolución. Portador de la mutación causal de la enfermedad de VHL, padre y hermano con manifestaciones sistémicas del síndrome. A la exploración, la AV del OI es 0,4. En el fondo de ojo izquierdo se aprecia tumoración endofítica anaranjada de dos diámetros de papila en arcada temporal superior con vasos nutricios dilatados. En la tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT) se evidencia edema quístico difuso en polo posterior y en la angiografía (AFG), hiperfluorescencia precoz de la lesión con fuga en tiempos tardíos. Se solicita estudio sistémico que muestra, además, múltiples nódulos sólidos en ambos riñones sugerentes de hipernefroma bilateral (posteriormente confirmado tras practicarse nefrectomía radical izquierda), un nódulo hipercaptante en la suprarrenal derecha, un probable tumor neuroendocrino pancreático y múltiples hemangioblastomas en protuberancia y médula espinal, con leve edema medular asociado. Se inicia fotocoagulación con láser argón en dos sesiones durante las cuales se produce hemorragia subretiniana a lo largo de la arcada vascular y hemorragia vítrea (HV). A los dos meses y ante la ausencia de reabsorción de la HV, se decide vitrectomía 23G, durante la que se completa el tratamiento de la lesión mediante endoláser. A los tres meses de la cirugía, la AV es 0,6. La OCT revela buen perfil foveal, con resolución del edema macular. La AFG confirma el cierre de los vasos nutricios, la lesión presenta un aspecto cicatricial, y aunque capta desde tiempos precoces, no hay fuga, apreciándose vasos de suplencia en la periferia de la lesión. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: NORMALIZABLES

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Varón de 26 años de edad que presenta disminución de agudeza visual (AV) en ojo izquierdo (OI) de dos años de evolución. Portador de la mutación causal de la enfermedad de VHL, padre y hermano con manifestaciones sistémicas del síndrome. A la exploración, la AV del OI es 0,4. En el fondo de ojo izquierdo se aprecia tumoración endofítica anaranjada de dos diámetros de papila en arcada temporal superior con vasos nutricios dilatados. En la tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT) se evidencia edema quístico difuso en polo posterior y en la angiografía (AFG), hiperfluorescencia precoz de la lesión con fuga en tiempos tardíos. Se solicita estudio sistémico que muestra, además, múltiples nódulos sólidos en ambos riñones sugerentes de hipernefroma bilateral (posteriormente confirmado tras practicarse nefrectomía radical izquierda), un nódulo hipercaptante en la suprarrenal derecha, un probable tumor neuroendocrino pancreático y múltiples hemangioblastomas en protuberancia y médula espinal, con leve edema medular asociado. Se inicia fotocoagulación con láser argón en dos sesiones durante las cuales se produce hemorragia subretiniana a lo largo de la arcada vascular y hemorragia vítrea (HV). A los dos meses y ante la ausencia de reabsorción de la HV, se decide vitrectomía 23G, durante la que se completa el tratamiento de la lesión mediante endoláser. A los tres meses de la cirugía, la AV es 0,6. La OCT revela buen perfil foveal, con resolución del edema macular. La AFG confirma el cierre de los vasos nutricios, la lesión presenta un aspecto cicatricial, y aunque capta desde tiempos precoces, no hay fuga, apreciándose vasos de suplencia en la periferia de la lesión.

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[ "NORMALIZABLES" ]

argón is a NORMALIZABLES

227_task1

Sentence: Varón de 26 años de edad que presenta disminución de agudeza visual (AV) en ojo izquierdo (OI) de dos años de evolución. Portador de la mutación causal de la enfermedad de VHL, padre y hermano con manifestaciones sistémicas del síndrome. A la exploración, la AV del OI es 0,4. En el fondo de ojo izquierdo se aprecia tumoración endofítica anaranjada de dos diámetros de papila en arcada temporal superior con vasos nutricios dilatados. En la tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT) se evidencia edema quístico difuso en polo posterior y en la angiografía (AFG), hiperfluorescencia precoz de la lesión con fuga en tiempos tardíos. Se solicita estudio sistémico que muestra, además, múltiples nódulos sólidos en ambos riñones sugerentes de hipernefroma bilateral (posteriormente confirmado tras practicarse nefrectomía radical izquierda), un nódulo hipercaptante en la suprarrenal derecha, un probable tumor neuroendocrino pancreático y múltiples hemangioblastomas en protuberancia y médula espinal, con leve edema medular asociado. Se inicia fotocoagulación con láser argón en dos sesiones durante las cuales se produce hemorragia subretiniana a lo largo de la arcada vascular y hemorragia vítrea (HV). A los dos meses y ante la ausencia de reabsorción de la HV, se decide vitrectomía 23G, durante la que se completa el tratamiento de la lesión mediante endoláser. A los tres meses de la cirugía, la AV es 0,6. La OCT revela buen perfil foveal, con resolución del edema macular. La AFG confirma el cierre de los vasos nutricios, la lesión presenta un aspecto cicatricial, y aunque capta desde tiempos precoces, no hay fuga, apreciándose vasos de suplencia en la periferia de la lesión. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: argón Options: NORMALIZABLES

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Varón de 26 años de edad que presenta disminución de agudeza visual (AV) en ojo izquierdo (OI) de dos años de evolución. Portador de la mutación causal de la enfermedad de VHL, padre y hermano con manifestaciones sistémicas del síndrome. A la exploración, la AV del OI es 0,4. En el fondo de ojo izquierdo se aprecia tumoración endofítica anaranjada de dos diámetros de papila en arcada temporal superior con vasos nutricios dilatados. En la tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT) se evidencia edema quístico difuso en polo posterior y en la angiografía (AFG), hiperfluorescencia precoz de la lesión con fuga en tiempos tardíos. Se solicita estudio sistémico que muestra, además, múltiples nódulos sólidos en ambos riñones sugerentes de hipernefroma bilateral (posteriormente confirmado tras practicarse nefrectomía radical izquierda), un nódulo hipercaptante en la suprarrenal derecha, un probable tumor neuroendocrino pancreático y múltiples hemangioblastomas en protuberancia y médula espinal, con leve edema medular asociado. Se inicia fotocoagulación con láser argón en dos sesiones durante las cuales se produce hemorragia subretiniana a lo largo de la arcada vascular y hemorragia vítrea (HV). A los dos meses y ante la ausencia de reabsorción de la HV, se decide vitrectomía 23G, durante la que se completa el tratamiento de la lesión mediante endoláser. A los tres meses de la cirugía, la AV es 0,6. La OCT revela buen perfil foveal, con resolución del edema macular. La AFG confirma el cierre de los vasos nutricios, la lesión presenta un aspecto cicatricial, y aunque capta desde tiempos precoces, no hay fuga, apreciándose vasos de suplencia en la periferia de la lesión.

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[ "NORMALIZABLES" ]

argón

227_task2

Sentence: Varón de 26 años de edad que presenta disminución de agudeza visual (AV) en ojo izquierdo (OI) de dos años de evolución. Portador de la mutación causal de la enfermedad de VHL, padre y hermano con manifestaciones sistémicas del síndrome. A la exploración, la AV del OI es 0,4. En el fondo de ojo izquierdo se aprecia tumoración endofítica anaranjada de dos diámetros de papila en arcada temporal superior con vasos nutricios dilatados. En la tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT) se evidencia edema quístico difuso en polo posterior y en la angiografía (AFG), hiperfluorescencia precoz de la lesión con fuga en tiempos tardíos. Se solicita estudio sistémico que muestra, además, múltiples nódulos sólidos en ambos riñones sugerentes de hipernefroma bilateral (posteriormente confirmado tras practicarse nefrectomía radical izquierda), un nódulo hipercaptante en la suprarrenal derecha, un probable tumor neuroendocrino pancreático y múltiples hemangioblastomas en protuberancia y médula espinal, con leve edema medular asociado. Se inicia fotocoagulación con láser argón en dos sesiones durante las cuales se produce hemorragia subretiniana a lo largo de la arcada vascular y hemorragia vítrea (HV). A los dos meses y ante la ausencia de reabsorción de la HV, se decide vitrectomía 23G, durante la que se completa el tratamiento de la lesión mediante endoláser. A los tres meses de la cirugía, la AV es 0,6. La OCT revela buen perfil foveal, con resolución del edema macular. La AFG confirma el cierre de los vasos nutricios, la lesión presenta un aspecto cicatricial, y aunque capta desde tiempos precoces, no hay fuga, apreciándose vasos de suplencia en la periferia de la lesión. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Varón de 26 años de edad que presenta disminución de agudeza visual (AV) en ojo izquierdo (OI) de dos años de evolución. Portador de la mutación causal de la enfermedad de VHL, padre y hermano con manifestaciones sistémicas del síndrome. A la exploración, la AV del OI es 0,4. En el fondo de ojo izquierdo se aprecia tumoración endofítica anaranjada de dos diámetros de papila en arcada temporal superior con vasos nutricios dilatados. En la tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT) se evidencia edema quístico difuso en polo posterior y en la angiografía (AFG), hiperfluorescencia precoz de la lesión con fuga en tiempos tardíos. Se solicita estudio sistémico que muestra, además, múltiples nódulos sólidos en ambos riñones sugerentes de hipernefroma bilateral (posteriormente confirmado tras practicarse nefrectomía radical izquierda), un nódulo hipercaptante en la suprarrenal derecha, un probable tumor neuroendocrino pancreático y múltiples hemangioblastomas en protuberancia y médula espinal, con leve edema medular asociado. Se inicia fotocoagulación con láser argón en dos sesiones durante las cuales se produce hemorragia subretiniana a lo largo de la arcada vascular y hemorragia vítrea (HV). A los dos meses y ante la ausencia de reabsorción de la HV, se decide vitrectomía 23G, durante la que se completa el tratamiento de la lesión mediante endoláser. A los tres meses de la cirugía, la AV es 0,6. La OCT revela buen perfil foveal, con resolución del edema macular. La AFG confirma el cierre de los vasos nutricios, la lesión presenta un aspecto cicatricial, y aunque capta desde tiempos precoces, no hay fuga, apreciándose vasos de suplencia en la periferia de la lesión.

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[ "NORMALIZABLES" ]

amino acid transporter PAT1 is a GENE-Y, slc36a1 is a GENE-Y, PAT1 is a GENE-Y, system IMINO is a GENE-N

16373326_task0

Sentence: Isolation and function of the amino acid transporter PAT1 (slc36a1) from rabbit and discrimination between transport via PAT1 and system IMINO in renal brush-border membrane vesicles. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y, GENE-N

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Isolation and function of the amino acid transporter PAT1 (slc36a1) from rabbit and discrimination between transport via PAT1 and system IMINO in renal brush-border membrane vesicles.

[ "Isolation", "and", "function", "of", "the", "amino", "acid", "transporter", "PAT1", "(", "slc36a1", ")", "from", "rabbit", "and", "discrimination", "between", "transport", "via", "PAT1", "and", "system", "IMINO", "in", "renal", "brush", "-", "border", "membrane", "vesicles", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]

amino acid transporter PAT1 is a GENE-Y, slc36a1 is a GENE-Y, PAT1 is a GENE-Y, system IMINO is a GENE-N

16373326_task1

Sentence: Isolation and function of the amino acid transporter PAT1 (slc36a1) from rabbit and discrimination between transport via PAT1 and system IMINO in renal brush-border membrane vesicles. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: amino acid transporter PAT1, slc36a1, PAT1, system IMINO Options: GENE-Y, GENE-N

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Isolation and function of the amino acid transporter PAT1 (slc36a1) from rabbit and discrimination between transport via PAT1 and system IMINO in renal brush-border membrane vesicles.

[ "Isolation", "and", "function", "of", "the", "amino", "acid", "transporter", "PAT1", "(", "slc36a1", ")", "from", "rabbit", "and", "discrimination", "between", "transport", "via", "PAT1", "and", "system", "IMINO", "in", "renal", "brush", "-", "border", "membrane", "vesicles", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]

amino acid transporter PAT1, slc36a1, PAT1, system IMINO

16373326_task2

Sentence: Isolation and function of the amino acid transporter PAT1 (slc36a1) from rabbit and discrimination between transport via PAT1 and system IMINO in renal brush-border membrane vesicles. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Isolation and function of the amino acid transporter PAT1 (slc36a1) from rabbit and discrimination between transport via PAT1 and system IMINO in renal brush-border membrane vesicles.

[ "Isolation", "and", "function", "of", "the", "amino", "acid", "transporter", "PAT1", "(", "slc36a1", ")", "from", "rabbit", "and", "discrimination", "between", "transport", "via", "PAT1", "and", "system", "IMINO", "in", "renal", "brush", "-", "border", "membrane", "vesicles", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]

glucose is a compound, insulin is a protein, insulin is a protein

DS.d1377_task0

Sentence: Diabetes is characterized by elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) resulting from improper insulin regulation and/or insulin resistance. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O" ]

Diabetes is characterized by elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) resulting from improper insulin regulation and/or insulin resistance.

[ "Diabetes", "is", "characterized", "by", "elevated", "fasting", "blood", "glucose", "(", "FBG", ")", "resulting", "from", "improper", "insulin", "regulation", "and", "/", "or", "insulin", "resistance", "." ]

[ "compound", "protein" ]

glucose is a compound, insulin is a protein, insulin is a protein

DS.d1377_task1

Sentence: Diabetes is characterized by elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) resulting from improper insulin regulation and/or insulin resistance. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: glucose, insulin, insulin Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O" ]

Diabetes is characterized by elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) resulting from improper insulin regulation and/or insulin resistance.

[ "Diabetes", "is", "characterized", "by", "elevated", "fasting", "blood", "glucose", "(", "FBG", ")", "resulting", "from", "improper", "insulin", "regulation", "and", "/", "or", "insulin", "resistance", "." ]

[ "compound", "protein" ]

glucose, insulin, insulin

DS.d1377_task2

Sentence: Diabetes is characterized by elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) resulting from improper insulin regulation and/or insulin resistance. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O" ]

Diabetes is characterized by elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) resulting from improper insulin regulation and/or insulin resistance.

[ "Diabetes", "is", "characterized", "by", "elevated", "fasting", "blood", "glucose", "(", "FBG", ")", "resulting", "from", "improper", "insulin", "regulation", "and", "/", "or", "insulin", "resistance", "." ]

[ "compound", "protein" ]

Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides is a CHEMICAL, SIRT1 is a GENE-Y, SIRT2 is a GENE-Y, SIRT3 is a GENE-Y

23570514_task0

Sentence: Discovery of Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides as Potent Inhibitors of SIRT1, SIRT2, and SIRT3. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O" ]

Discovery of Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides as Potent Inhibitors of SIRT1, SIRT2, and SIRT3.

[ "Discovery", "of", "Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides", "as", "Potent", "Inhibitors", "of", "SIRT1", ",", "SIRT2", ",", "and", "SIRT3", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]

Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides is a CHEMICAL, SIRT1 is a GENE-Y, SIRT2 is a GENE-Y, SIRT3 is a GENE-Y

23570514_task1

Sentence: Discovery of Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides as Potent Inhibitors of SIRT1, SIRT2, and SIRT3. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides, SIRT1, SIRT2, SIRT3 Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O" ]

Discovery of Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides as Potent Inhibitors of SIRT1, SIRT2, and SIRT3.

[ "Discovery", "of", "Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides", "as", "Potent", "Inhibitors", "of", "SIRT1", ",", "SIRT2", ",", "and", "SIRT3", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]

Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides, SIRT1, SIRT2, SIRT3

23570514_task2

Sentence: Discovery of Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides as Potent Inhibitors of SIRT1, SIRT2, and SIRT3. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O" ]

Discovery of Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides as Potent Inhibitors of SIRT1, SIRT2, and SIRT3.

[ "Discovery", "of", "Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides", "as", "Potent", "Inhibitors", "of", "SIRT1", ",", "SIRT2", ",", "and", "SIRT3", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]

speed is an umlsterm, sound is an umlsterm, ultrasound is an umlsterm, os calcis is an umlsterm, indicator is an umlsterm, osteoporosis is an umlsterm, ultrasound is an umlsterm, values is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, methods is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, Ohio is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, female is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, osteoporosis is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, Ultrasound is an umlsterm, values is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, osteoporosis is an umlsterm, control group is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, sensitivity is an umlsterm, specificity is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, Ultrasound is an umlsterm, bone is an umlsterm, densitometry is an umlsterm, os calcis is an umlsterm, screening is an umlsterm, test is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, osteoporosis is an umlsterm

DerRadiologe.60360058.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Purpose : We evaluated the speed of sound ( SOS ) and broadband ultrasound attenuation ( BUA ) at the os calcis as an indicator of osteoporosis and observed the age-related changes in ultrasound values in normal women . Materials and methods : BUA and SOS were measured in 236 women using the " Achilles " densitometer ( Lunar , Madison , Ohio ) . From the BUA and SOS values the BUA/SOS Index ( " Stiffness " Index ) is calculated . We investigated 55 female patients with osteoporosis ( aged 43-85 years ) and 181 healthy women ( aged 20-80 years ) . Results : Ultrasound values for women with osteoporosis were significantly lower than those for the normal control group . The Z-score compared with young normals was higher for the BUA/SOS Index ( -3 . 1 ) than for BUA ( -2 . 5 ) and SOS ( -3 . 0 ) . At a BUA/SOS Index of 68 the sensitivity was 85 % , and the specificity was 77 % for patients with osteoporotic fractures . We found a significant decline with age in SOS ( r = -0 . 55 ) , BUA ( r = -0 . 50 ) and BUA/SOS Index ( r = -0 . 57 ) . Conclusion : Ultrasound bone densitometry at the os calcis can be used as a screening test in the diagnosis of osteoporosis . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Purpose : We evaluated the speed of sound ( SOS ) and broadband ultrasound attenuation ( BUA ) at the os calcis as an indicator of osteoporosis and observed the age-related changes in ultrasound values in normal women . Materials and methods : BUA and SOS were measured in 236 women using the " Achilles " densitometer ( Lunar , Madison , Ohio ) . From the BUA and SOS values the BUA/SOS Index ( " Stiffness " Index ) is calculated . We investigated 55 female patients with osteoporosis ( aged 43-85 years ) and 181 healthy women ( aged 20-80 years ) . Results : Ultrasound values for women with osteoporosis were significantly lower than those for the normal control group . The Z-score compared with young normals was higher for the BUA/SOS Index ( -3 . 1 ) than for BUA ( -2 . 5 ) and SOS ( -3 . 0 ) . At a BUA/SOS Index of 68 the sensitivity was 85 % , and the specificity was 77 % for patients with osteoporotic fractures . We found a significant decline with age in SOS ( r = -0 . 55 ) , BUA ( r = -0 . 50 ) and BUA/SOS Index ( r = -0 . 57 ) . Conclusion : Ultrasound bone densitometry at the os calcis can be used as a screening test in the diagnosis of osteoporosis .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

speed is an umlsterm, sound is an umlsterm, ultrasound is an umlsterm, os calcis is an umlsterm, indicator is an umlsterm, osteoporosis is an umlsterm, ultrasound is an umlsterm, values is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, methods is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, Ohio is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, female is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, osteoporosis is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, Ultrasound is an umlsterm, values is an umlsterm, women is an umlsterm, osteoporosis is an umlsterm, control group is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, sensitivity is an umlsterm, specificity is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, Index is an umlsterm, Ultrasound is an umlsterm, bone is an umlsterm, densitometry is an umlsterm, os calcis is an umlsterm, screening is an umlsterm, test is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, osteoporosis is an umlsterm

DerRadiologe.60360058.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Purpose : We evaluated the speed of sound ( SOS ) and broadband ultrasound attenuation ( BUA ) at the os calcis as an indicator of osteoporosis and observed the age-related changes in ultrasound values in normal women . Materials and methods : BUA and SOS were measured in 236 women using the " Achilles " densitometer ( Lunar , Madison , Ohio ) . From the BUA and SOS values the BUA/SOS Index ( " Stiffness " Index ) is calculated . We investigated 55 female patients with osteoporosis ( aged 43-85 years ) and 181 healthy women ( aged 20-80 years ) . Results : Ultrasound values for women with osteoporosis were significantly lower than those for the normal control group . The Z-score compared with young normals was higher for the BUA/SOS Index ( -3 . 1 ) than for BUA ( -2 . 5 ) and SOS ( -3 . 0 ) . At a BUA/SOS Index of 68 the sensitivity was 85 % , and the specificity was 77 % for patients with osteoporotic fractures . We found a significant decline with age in SOS ( r = -0 . 55 ) , BUA ( r = -0 . 50 ) and BUA/SOS Index ( r = -0 . 57 ) . Conclusion : Ultrasound bone densitometry at the os calcis can be used as a screening test in the diagnosis of osteoporosis . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: speed, sound, ultrasound, os calcis, indicator, osteoporosis, ultrasound, values, women, methods, women, Ohio, Index, Index, female, patients, osteoporosis, women, Ultrasound, values, women, osteoporosis, control group, Index, Index, sensitivity, specificity, patients, fractures, age, Index, Ultrasound, bone, densitometry, os calcis, screening, test, diagnosis, osteoporosis Options: umlsterm

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Purpose : We evaluated the speed of sound ( SOS ) and broadband ultrasound attenuation ( BUA ) at the os calcis as an indicator of osteoporosis and observed the age-related changes in ultrasound values in normal women . Materials and methods : BUA and SOS were measured in 236 women using the " Achilles " densitometer ( Lunar , Madison , Ohio ) . From the BUA and SOS values the BUA/SOS Index ( " Stiffness " Index ) is calculated . We investigated 55 female patients with osteoporosis ( aged 43-85 years ) and 181 healthy women ( aged 20-80 years ) . Results : Ultrasound values for women with osteoporosis were significantly lower than those for the normal control group . The Z-score compared with young normals was higher for the BUA/SOS Index ( -3 . 1 ) than for BUA ( -2 . 5 ) and SOS ( -3 . 0 ) . At a BUA/SOS Index of 68 the sensitivity was 85 % , and the specificity was 77 % for patients with osteoporotic fractures . We found a significant decline with age in SOS ( r = -0 . 55 ) , BUA ( r = -0 . 50 ) and BUA/SOS Index ( r = -0 . 57 ) . Conclusion : Ultrasound bone densitometry at the os calcis can be used as a screening test in the diagnosis of osteoporosis .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

speed, sound, ultrasound, os calcis, indicator, osteoporosis, ultrasound, values, women, methods, women, Ohio, Index, Index, female, patients, osteoporosis, women, Ultrasound, values, women, osteoporosis, control group, Index, Index, sensitivity, specificity, patients, fractures, age, Index, Ultrasound, bone, densitometry, os calcis, screening, test, diagnosis, osteoporosis

DerRadiologe.60360058.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Purpose : We evaluated the speed of sound ( SOS ) and broadband ultrasound attenuation ( BUA ) at the os calcis as an indicator of osteoporosis and observed the age-related changes in ultrasound values in normal women . Materials and methods : BUA and SOS were measured in 236 women using the " Achilles " densitometer ( Lunar , Madison , Ohio ) . From the BUA and SOS values the BUA/SOS Index ( " Stiffness " Index ) is calculated . We investigated 55 female patients with osteoporosis ( aged 43-85 years ) and 181 healthy women ( aged 20-80 years ) . Results : Ultrasound values for women with osteoporosis were significantly lower than those for the normal control group . The Z-score compared with young normals was higher for the BUA/SOS Index ( -3 . 1 ) than for BUA ( -2 . 5 ) and SOS ( -3 . 0 ) . At a BUA/SOS Index of 68 the sensitivity was 85 % , and the specificity was 77 % for patients with osteoporotic fractures . We found a significant decline with age in SOS ( r = -0 . 55 ) , BUA ( r = -0 . 50 ) and BUA/SOS Index ( r = -0 . 57 ) . Conclusion : Ultrasound bone densitometry at the os calcis can be used as a screening test in the diagnosis of osteoporosis . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Purpose : We evaluated the speed of sound ( SOS ) and broadband ultrasound attenuation ( BUA ) at the os calcis as an indicator of osteoporosis and observed the age-related changes in ultrasound values in normal women . Materials and methods : BUA and SOS were measured in 236 women using the " Achilles " densitometer ( Lunar , Madison , Ohio ) . From the BUA and SOS values the BUA/SOS Index ( " Stiffness " Index ) is calculated . We investigated 55 female patients with osteoporosis ( aged 43-85 years ) and 181 healthy women ( aged 20-80 years ) . Results : Ultrasound values for women with osteoporosis were significantly lower than those for the normal control group . The Z-score compared with young normals was higher for the BUA/SOS Index ( -3 . 1 ) than for BUA ( -2 . 5 ) and SOS ( -3 . 0 ) . At a BUA/SOS Index of 68 the sensitivity was 85 % , and the specificity was 77 % for patients with osteoporotic fractures . We found a significant decline with age in SOS ( r = -0 . 55 ) , BUA ( r = -0 . 50 ) and BUA/SOS Index ( r = -0 . 57 ) . Conclusion : Ultrasound bone densitometry at the os calcis can be used as a screening test in the diagnosis of osteoporosis .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

nelfinavir is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, nelfinavir is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, nelfinavir is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, Azithromycin is a DRUG, warfarin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, warfarin is a DRUG, macrolides is a GROUP, warfarin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, atorvastatin is a DRUG, carbamazepine is a DRUG, cetirizine is a DRUG, didanosine is a DRUG, efavirenz is a DRUG, fluconazole is a DRUG, indinavir is a DRUG, midazolam is a DRUG, rifabutin is a DRUG, sildenafil is a DRUG, theophylline is a DRUG, triazolam is a DRUG, trimethoprim is a DRUG, sulfamethoxazole is a DRUG, zidovudine is a DRUG, efavirenz is a DRUG, fluconazole is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, macrolide products is a GROUP, azithromycin is a DRUG, Digoxin is a DRUG, digoxin is a DRUG, Ergotamine is a DRUG, dihydroergotamine is a DRUG, Cyclosporine is a DRUG, hexobarbital is a DRUG, phenytoin is a DRUG, Zmax is a BRAND

Azithromycin_ddi_task0

Sentence: Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin. Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin (2 x 600 mg tablets) results in increased azithromycin serum concentrations. Although a dose adjustment of azithromycin is not recommended when administered in combination with nelfinavir, close monitoring for known side effects of azithromycin, such as liver enzyme abnormalities and hearing impairment, is warranted. Azithromycin did not affect the prothrombin time response to a single dose of warfarin. However, prudent medical practice dictates careful monitoring of prothrombin time in all patients treated with azithromycin and warfarin concomitantly. Concurrent use of macrolides and warfarin in clinical practice has been associated with increased anticoagulant effects. Drug interaction studies were performed with azithromycin and other drugs likely to be co-administered. When used in therapeutic doses, azithromycin had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin, carbamazepine, cetirizine, didanosine, efavirenz, fluconazole, indinavir, midazolam, rifabutin, sildenafil, theophylline (intravenous and oral), triazolam, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or zidovudine. Co-administration with efavirenz or fluconazole had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of azithromycin. No dosage adjustment of either drug is recommended when azithromycin is co administered with any of the above agents. Interactions with the drugs listed below have not been reported in clinical trials with azithromycin; however, no specific drug interaction studies have been performed to evaluate potential drug-drug interaction. Nonetheless, they have been observed with macrolide products. Until further data are developed regarding drug interactions when azithromycin and these drugs are used concomitantly, careful monitoring of patients is advised: Digoxin elevated digoxin concentrations. Ergotamine or dihydroergotamine acute ergot toxicity characterized by severe peripheral vasospasm and dysesthesia. Cyclosporine, hexobarbital and phenytoin concentrations. Laboratory Test Interactions There are no reported laboratory test interactions. Repeat Treatment Studies evaluating the use of repeated courses of Zmax have not been conducted. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GROUP, BRAND, DRUG

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Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin. Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin (2 x 600 mg tablets) results in increased azithromycin serum concentrations. Although a dose adjustment of azithromycin is not recommended when administered in combination with nelfinavir, close monitoring for known side effects of azithromycin, such as liver enzyme abnormalities and hearing impairment, is warranted. Azithromycin did not affect the prothrombin time response to a single dose of warfarin. However, prudent medical practice dictates careful monitoring of prothrombin time in all patients treated with azithromycin and warfarin concomitantly. Concurrent use of macrolides and warfarin in clinical practice has been associated with increased anticoagulant effects. Drug interaction studies were performed with azithromycin and other drugs likely to be co-administered. When used in therapeutic doses, azithromycin had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin, carbamazepine, cetirizine, didanosine, efavirenz, fluconazole, indinavir, midazolam, rifabutin, sildenafil, theophylline (intravenous and oral), triazolam, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or zidovudine. Co-administration with efavirenz or fluconazole had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of azithromycin. No dosage adjustment of either drug is recommended when azithromycin is co administered with any of the above agents. Interactions with the drugs listed below have not been reported in clinical trials with azithromycin; however, no specific drug interaction studies have been performed to evaluate potential drug-drug interaction. Nonetheless, they have been observed with macrolide products. Until further data are developed regarding drug interactions when azithromycin and these drugs are used concomitantly, careful monitoring of patients is advised: Digoxin elevated digoxin concentrations. Ergotamine or dihydroergotamine acute ergot toxicity characterized by severe peripheral vasospasm and dysesthesia. Cyclosporine, hexobarbital and phenytoin concentrations. Laboratory Test Interactions There are no reported laboratory test interactions. Repeat Treatment Studies evaluating the use of repeated courses of Zmax have not been conducted.

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[ "GROUP", "DRUG", "BRAND" ]

nelfinavir is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, nelfinavir is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, nelfinavir is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, Azithromycin is a DRUG, warfarin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, warfarin is a DRUG, macrolides is a GROUP, warfarin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, atorvastatin is a DRUG, carbamazepine is a DRUG, cetirizine is a DRUG, didanosine is a DRUG, efavirenz is a DRUG, fluconazole is a DRUG, indinavir is a DRUG, midazolam is a DRUG, rifabutin is a DRUG, sildenafil is a DRUG, theophylline is a DRUG, triazolam is a DRUG, trimethoprim is a DRUG, sulfamethoxazole is a DRUG, zidovudine is a DRUG, efavirenz is a DRUG, fluconazole is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, azithromycin is a DRUG, macrolide products is a GROUP, azithromycin is a DRUG, Digoxin is a DRUG, digoxin is a DRUG, Ergotamine is a DRUG, dihydroergotamine is a DRUG, Cyclosporine is a DRUG, hexobarbital is a DRUG, phenytoin is a DRUG, Zmax is a BRAND

Azithromycin_ddi_task1

Sentence: Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin. Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin (2 x 600 mg tablets) results in increased azithromycin serum concentrations. Although a dose adjustment of azithromycin is not recommended when administered in combination with nelfinavir, close monitoring for known side effects of azithromycin, such as liver enzyme abnormalities and hearing impairment, is warranted. Azithromycin did not affect the prothrombin time response to a single dose of warfarin. However, prudent medical practice dictates careful monitoring of prothrombin time in all patients treated with azithromycin and warfarin concomitantly. Concurrent use of macrolides and warfarin in clinical practice has been associated with increased anticoagulant effects. Drug interaction studies were performed with azithromycin and other drugs likely to be co-administered. When used in therapeutic doses, azithromycin had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin, carbamazepine, cetirizine, didanosine, efavirenz, fluconazole, indinavir, midazolam, rifabutin, sildenafil, theophylline (intravenous and oral), triazolam, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or zidovudine. Co-administration with efavirenz or fluconazole had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of azithromycin. No dosage adjustment of either drug is recommended when azithromycin is co administered with any of the above agents. Interactions with the drugs listed below have not been reported in clinical trials with azithromycin; however, no specific drug interaction studies have been performed to evaluate potential drug-drug interaction. Nonetheless, they have been observed with macrolide products. Until further data are developed regarding drug interactions when azithromycin and these drugs are used concomitantly, careful monitoring of patients is advised: Digoxin elevated digoxin concentrations. Ergotamine or dihydroergotamine acute ergot toxicity characterized by severe peripheral vasospasm and dysesthesia. Cyclosporine, hexobarbital and phenytoin concentrations. Laboratory Test Interactions There are no reported laboratory test interactions. Repeat Treatment Studies evaluating the use of repeated courses of Zmax have not been conducted. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: nelfinavir, azithromycin, nelfinavir, azithromycin, azithromycin, azithromycin, nelfinavir, azithromycin, Azithromycin, warfarin, azithromycin, warfarin, macrolides, warfarin, azithromycin, azithromycin, atorvastatin, carbamazepine, cetirizine, didanosine, efavirenz, fluconazole, indinavir, midazolam, rifabutin, sildenafil, theophylline, triazolam, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, zidovudine, efavirenz, fluconazole, azithromycin, azithromycin, azithromycin, macrolide products, azithromycin, Digoxin, digoxin, Ergotamine, dihydroergotamine, Cyclosporine, hexobarbital, phenytoin, Zmax Options: GROUP, BRAND, DRUG

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Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin. Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin (2 x 600 mg tablets) results in increased azithromycin serum concentrations. Although a dose adjustment of azithromycin is not recommended when administered in combination with nelfinavir, close monitoring for known side effects of azithromycin, such as liver enzyme abnormalities and hearing impairment, is warranted. Azithromycin did not affect the prothrombin time response to a single dose of warfarin. However, prudent medical practice dictates careful monitoring of prothrombin time in all patients treated with azithromycin and warfarin concomitantly. Concurrent use of macrolides and warfarin in clinical practice has been associated with increased anticoagulant effects. Drug interaction studies were performed with azithromycin and other drugs likely to be co-administered. When used in therapeutic doses, azithromycin had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin, carbamazepine, cetirizine, didanosine, efavirenz, fluconazole, indinavir, midazolam, rifabutin, sildenafil, theophylline (intravenous and oral), triazolam, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or zidovudine. Co-administration with efavirenz or fluconazole had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of azithromycin. No dosage adjustment of either drug is recommended when azithromycin is co administered with any of the above agents. Interactions with the drugs listed below have not been reported in clinical trials with azithromycin; however, no specific drug interaction studies have been performed to evaluate potential drug-drug interaction. Nonetheless, they have been observed with macrolide products. Until further data are developed regarding drug interactions when azithromycin and these drugs are used concomitantly, careful monitoring of patients is advised: Digoxin elevated digoxin concentrations. Ergotamine or dihydroergotamine acute ergot toxicity characterized by severe peripheral vasospasm and dysesthesia. Cyclosporine, hexobarbital and phenytoin concentrations. Laboratory Test Interactions There are no reported laboratory test interactions. Repeat Treatment Studies evaluating the use of repeated courses of Zmax have not been conducted.

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[ "GROUP", "DRUG", "BRAND" ]

nelfinavir, azithromycin, nelfinavir, azithromycin, azithromycin, azithromycin, nelfinavir, azithromycin, Azithromycin, warfarin, azithromycin, warfarin, macrolides, warfarin, azithromycin, azithromycin, atorvastatin, carbamazepine, cetirizine, didanosine, efavirenz, fluconazole, indinavir, midazolam, rifabutin, sildenafil, theophylline, triazolam, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, zidovudine, efavirenz, fluconazole, azithromycin, azithromycin, azithromycin, macrolide products, azithromycin, Digoxin, digoxin, Ergotamine, dihydroergotamine, Cyclosporine, hexobarbital, phenytoin, Zmax

Azithromycin_ddi_task2

Sentence: Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin. Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin (2 x 600 mg tablets) results in increased azithromycin serum concentrations. Although a dose adjustment of azithromycin is not recommended when administered in combination with nelfinavir, close monitoring for known side effects of azithromycin, such as liver enzyme abnormalities and hearing impairment, is warranted. Azithromycin did not affect the prothrombin time response to a single dose of warfarin. However, prudent medical practice dictates careful monitoring of prothrombin time in all patients treated with azithromycin and warfarin concomitantly. Concurrent use of macrolides and warfarin in clinical practice has been associated with increased anticoagulant effects. Drug interaction studies were performed with azithromycin and other drugs likely to be co-administered. When used in therapeutic doses, azithromycin had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin, carbamazepine, cetirizine, didanosine, efavirenz, fluconazole, indinavir, midazolam, rifabutin, sildenafil, theophylline (intravenous and oral), triazolam, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or zidovudine. Co-administration with efavirenz or fluconazole had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of azithromycin. No dosage adjustment of either drug is recommended when azithromycin is co administered with any of the above agents. Interactions with the drugs listed below have not been reported in clinical trials with azithromycin; however, no specific drug interaction studies have been performed to evaluate potential drug-drug interaction. Nonetheless, they have been observed with macrolide products. Until further data are developed regarding drug interactions when azithromycin and these drugs are used concomitantly, careful monitoring of patients is advised: Digoxin elevated digoxin concentrations. Ergotamine or dihydroergotamine acute ergot toxicity characterized by severe peripheral vasospasm and dysesthesia. Cyclosporine, hexobarbital and phenytoin concentrations. Laboratory Test Interactions There are no reported laboratory test interactions. Repeat Treatment Studies evaluating the use of repeated courses of Zmax have not been conducted. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin. Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single dose of azithromycin (2 x 600 mg tablets) results in increased azithromycin serum concentrations. Although a dose adjustment of azithromycin is not recommended when administered in combination with nelfinavir, close monitoring for known side effects of azithromycin, such as liver enzyme abnormalities and hearing impairment, is warranted. Azithromycin did not affect the prothrombin time response to a single dose of warfarin. However, prudent medical practice dictates careful monitoring of prothrombin time in all patients treated with azithromycin and warfarin concomitantly. Concurrent use of macrolides and warfarin in clinical practice has been associated with increased anticoagulant effects. Drug interaction studies were performed with azithromycin and other drugs likely to be co-administered. When used in therapeutic doses, azithromycin had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin, carbamazepine, cetirizine, didanosine, efavirenz, fluconazole, indinavir, midazolam, rifabutin, sildenafil, theophylline (intravenous and oral), triazolam, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or zidovudine. Co-administration with efavirenz or fluconazole had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of azithromycin. No dosage adjustment of either drug is recommended when azithromycin is co administered with any of the above agents. Interactions with the drugs listed below have not been reported in clinical trials with azithromycin; however, no specific drug interaction studies have been performed to evaluate potential drug-drug interaction. Nonetheless, they have been observed with macrolide products. Until further data are developed regarding drug interactions when azithromycin and these drugs are used concomitantly, careful monitoring of patients is advised: Digoxin elevated digoxin concentrations. Ergotamine or dihydroergotamine acute ergot toxicity characterized by severe peripheral vasospasm and dysesthesia. Cyclosporine, hexobarbital and phenytoin concentrations. Laboratory Test Interactions There are no reported laboratory test interactions. Repeat Treatment Studies evaluating the use of repeated courses of Zmax have not been conducted.

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[ "GROUP", "DRUG", "BRAND" ]

APC resistance is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, thrombophilia is an umlsterm, Europe is an umlsterm, North America is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, APC resistance is an umlsterm, single is an umlsterm, point mutation is an umlsterm, factor V is an umlsterm, gene is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm, venous thrombosis is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, risk is an umlsterm, history is an umlsterm, thrombosis is an umlsterm, coagulation is an umlsterm, determination is an umlsterm, APC is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, APC resistance is an umlsterm, thrombosis is an umlsterm, prophylaxis is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, anticoagulation is an umlsterm, risk is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, time is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, risk of is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm

Gefaesschirurgie.80030180.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: APC resistance was first discovered in 1993. It is the most frequent cause of thrombophilia in Europe and North America . In more than 90% of cases , the underlying cause of APC resistance is a single point mutation in the factor V gene . Heterozygous patients have a between five- and ten-fold higher risk of developing venous thrombosis , while in homozygous patients the risk is increased up to between 50- and 100-fold . Where there is a previous history of thrombosis , a careful investigation of the coagulation system , in particular a determination of the APC ratio , is recommended prior to surgery . In patients with APC resistance , a body-weight-specific thrombosis prophylaxis with heparin is recommended . Heterozygous patients only need anticoagulation when additional risk conditions are present , while homozygous patients with thromboembolic disease should be anticoagulated over a long period of time . Primary varicosis of the saphenous system should be treated promptly by surgery to minimize the additional risk of thrombotic complications . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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APC resistance was first discovered in 1993. It is the most frequent cause of thrombophilia in Europe and North America . In more than 90% of cases , the underlying cause of APC resistance is a single point mutation in the factor V gene . Heterozygous patients have a between five- and ten-fold higher risk of developing venous thrombosis , while in homozygous patients the risk is increased up to between 50- and 100-fold . Where there is a previous history of thrombosis , a careful investigation of the coagulation system , in particular a determination of the APC ratio , is recommended prior to surgery . In patients with APC resistance , a body-weight-specific thrombosis prophylaxis with heparin is recommended . Heterozygous patients only need anticoagulation when additional risk conditions are present , while homozygous patients with thromboembolic disease should be anticoagulated over a long period of time . Primary varicosis of the saphenous system should be treated promptly by surgery to minimize the additional risk of thrombotic complications .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

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Gefaesschirurgie.80030180.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: APC resistance was first discovered in 1993. It is the most frequent cause of thrombophilia in Europe and North America . In more than 90% of cases , the underlying cause of APC resistance is a single point mutation in the factor V gene . Heterozygous patients have a between five- and ten-fold higher risk of developing venous thrombosis , while in homozygous patients the risk is increased up to between 50- and 100-fold . Where there is a previous history of thrombosis , a careful investigation of the coagulation system , in particular a determination of the APC ratio , is recommended prior to surgery . In patients with APC resistance , a body-weight-specific thrombosis prophylaxis with heparin is recommended . Heterozygous patients only need anticoagulation when additional risk conditions are present , while homozygous patients with thromboembolic disease should be anticoagulated over a long period of time . Primary varicosis of the saphenous system should be treated promptly by surgery to minimize the additional risk of thrombotic complications . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: APC resistance, cause, thrombophilia, Europe, North America, cause, APC resistance, single, point mutation, factor V, gene, patients, risk of, venous thrombosis, patients, risk, history, thrombosis, coagulation, determination, APC, surgery, patients, APC resistance, thrombosis, prophylaxis, heparin, patients, anticoagulation, risk, patients, disease, period, time, surgery, risk of, complications Options: umlsterm

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APC resistance was first discovered in 1993. It is the most frequent cause of thrombophilia in Europe and North America . In more than 90% of cases , the underlying cause of APC resistance is a single point mutation in the factor V gene . Heterozygous patients have a between five- and ten-fold higher risk of developing venous thrombosis , while in homozygous patients the risk is increased up to between 50- and 100-fold . Where there is a previous history of thrombosis , a careful investigation of the coagulation system , in particular a determination of the APC ratio , is recommended prior to surgery . In patients with APC resistance , a body-weight-specific thrombosis prophylaxis with heparin is recommended . Heterozygous patients only need anticoagulation when additional risk conditions are present , while homozygous patients with thromboembolic disease should be anticoagulated over a long period of time . Primary varicosis of the saphenous system should be treated promptly by surgery to minimize the additional risk of thrombotic complications .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

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Gefaesschirurgie.80030180.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: APC resistance was first discovered in 1993. It is the most frequent cause of thrombophilia in Europe and North America . In more than 90% of cases , the underlying cause of APC resistance is a single point mutation in the factor V gene . Heterozygous patients have a between five- and ten-fold higher risk of developing venous thrombosis , while in homozygous patients the risk is increased up to between 50- and 100-fold . Where there is a previous history of thrombosis , a careful investigation of the coagulation system , in particular a determination of the APC ratio , is recommended prior to surgery . In patients with APC resistance , a body-weight-specific thrombosis prophylaxis with heparin is recommended . Heterozygous patients only need anticoagulation when additional risk conditions are present , while homozygous patients with thromboembolic disease should be anticoagulated over a long period of time . Primary varicosis of the saphenous system should be treated promptly by surgery to minimize the additional risk of thrombotic complications . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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APC resistance was first discovered in 1993. It is the most frequent cause of thrombophilia in Europe and North America . In more than 90% of cases , the underlying cause of APC resistance is a single point mutation in the factor V gene . Heterozygous patients have a between five- and ten-fold higher risk of developing venous thrombosis , while in homozygous patients the risk is increased up to between 50- and 100-fold . Where there is a previous history of thrombosis , a careful investigation of the coagulation system , in particular a determination of the APC ratio , is recommended prior to surgery . In patients with APC resistance , a body-weight-specific thrombosis prophylaxis with heparin is recommended . Heterozygous patients only need anticoagulation when additional risk conditions are present , while homozygous patients with thromboembolic disease should be anticoagulated over a long period of time . Primary varicosis of the saphenous system should be treated promptly by surgery to minimize the additional risk of thrombotic complications .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Cardio - vascular pathologies is a Condition, evoluting and uncontrolled is a Scope, severe is a Qualifier, HTA is a Condition, cardiac deficiency is a Condition, severe is a Qualifier, angor is a Condition, severe is a Qualifier, arrhythmia is a Condition, Infectious pathologies is a Condition, evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy is a Scope, HIV+ is a Condition, Transplanted is a Procedure, severe auto - immune disease is a Condition, Psychiatric troubles is a Condition, do not allow the protocol follow - up is a Qualifier, Pregnant is a Condition, breast - feeding is a Condition, women is a Person, No is a Negation, contraception is a Procedure

NCT00720031_exc_task0

Sentence: Cardio-vascular pathologies, evoluting and uncontrolled, (severe HTA), cardiac deficiency, severe angor, severe arrhythmia. Infectious pathologies evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy. Patients HIV+. Transplanted patients or patients suffering from severe auto-immune disease. Psychiatric troubles that do not allow the protocol follow-up. Pregnant or breast-feeding women. No contraception. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Condition, Qualifier, Person, Procedure, Negation, Scope

[ "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Person", "O", "O", "B-Negation", "B-Procedure", "O", "O" ]

Cardio-vascular pathologies, evoluting and uncontrolled, (severe HTA), cardiac deficiency, severe angor, severe arrhythmia. Infectious pathologies evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy. Patients HIV+. Transplanted patients or patients suffering from severe auto-immune disease. Psychiatric troubles that do not allow the protocol follow-up. Pregnant or breast-feeding women. No contraception.

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[ "Scope", "Qualifier", "Condition", "Drug", "Procedure", "Person", "Measurement", "Negation", "Value" ]

Cardio - vascular pathologies is a Condition, evoluting and uncontrolled is a Scope, severe is a Qualifier, HTA is a Condition, cardiac deficiency is a Condition, severe is a Qualifier, angor is a Condition, severe is a Qualifier, arrhythmia is a Condition, Infectious pathologies is a Condition, evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy is a Scope, HIV+ is a Condition, Transplanted is a Procedure, severe auto - immune disease is a Condition, Psychiatric troubles is a Condition, do not allow the protocol follow - up is a Qualifier, Pregnant is a Condition, breast - feeding is a Condition, women is a Person, No is a Negation, contraception is a Procedure

NCT00720031_exc_task1

Sentence: Cardio-vascular pathologies, evoluting and uncontrolled, (severe HTA), cardiac deficiency, severe angor, severe arrhythmia. Infectious pathologies evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy. Patients HIV+. Transplanted patients or patients suffering from severe auto-immune disease. Psychiatric troubles that do not allow the protocol follow-up. Pregnant or breast-feeding women. No contraception. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Cardio - vascular pathologies, evoluting and uncontrolled, severe, HTA, cardiac deficiency, severe, angor, severe, arrhythmia, Infectious pathologies, evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy, HIV+, Transplanted, severe auto - immune disease, Psychiatric troubles, do not allow the protocol follow - up, Pregnant, breast - feeding, women, No, contraception Options: Condition, Qualifier, Person, Procedure, Negation, Scope

[ "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Person", "O", "O", "B-Negation", "B-Procedure", "O", "O" ]

Cardio-vascular pathologies, evoluting and uncontrolled, (severe HTA), cardiac deficiency, severe angor, severe arrhythmia. Infectious pathologies evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy. Patients HIV+. Transplanted patients or patients suffering from severe auto-immune disease. Psychiatric troubles that do not allow the protocol follow-up. Pregnant or breast-feeding women. No contraception.

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[ "Scope", "Qualifier", "Condition", "Drug", "Procedure", "Person", "Measurement", "Negation", "Value" ]

Cardio - vascular pathologies, evoluting and uncontrolled, severe, HTA, cardiac deficiency, severe, angor, severe, arrhythmia, Infectious pathologies, evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy, HIV+, Transplanted, severe auto - immune disease, Psychiatric troubles, do not allow the protocol follow - up, Pregnant, breast - feeding, women, No, contraception

NCT00720031_exc_task2

Sentence: Cardio-vascular pathologies, evoluting and uncontrolled, (severe HTA), cardiac deficiency, severe angor, severe arrhythmia. Infectious pathologies evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy. Patients HIV+. Transplanted patients or patients suffering from severe auto-immune disease. Psychiatric troubles that do not allow the protocol follow-up. Pregnant or breast-feeding women. No contraception. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Person", "O", "O", "B-Negation", "B-Procedure", "O", "O" ]

Cardio-vascular pathologies, evoluting and uncontrolled, (severe HTA), cardiac deficiency, severe angor, severe arrhythmia. Infectious pathologies evoluting and requiring antibiotherapy. Patients HIV+. Transplanted patients or patients suffering from severe auto-immune disease. Psychiatric troubles that do not allow the protocol follow-up. Pregnant or breast-feeding women. No contraception.

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[ "Scope", "Qualifier", "Condition", "Drug", "Procedure", "Person", "Measurement", "Negation", "Value" ]

Insulin is a protein, ribavirin is a compound

DS.d698_task0

Sentence: Insulin resistance is a major determinant of sustained virological response in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C patients receiving peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein

[ "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O" ]

Insulin resistance is a major determinant of sustained virological response in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C patients receiving peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin.

[ "Insulin", "resistance", "is", "a", "major", "determinant", "of", "sustained", "virological", "response", "in", "genotype", "1", "chronic", "hepatitis", "C", "patients", "receiving", "peginterferon", "alpha-2b", "plus", "ribavirin", "." ]

[ "compound", "protein" ]

Insulin is a protein, ribavirin is a compound

DS.d698_task1

Sentence: Insulin resistance is a major determinant of sustained virological response in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C patients receiving peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Insulin, ribavirin Options: compound, protein

[ "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O" ]

Insulin resistance is a major determinant of sustained virological response in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C patients receiving peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin.

[ "Insulin", "resistance", "is", "a", "major", "determinant", "of", "sustained", "virological", "response", "in", "genotype", "1", "chronic", "hepatitis", "C", "patients", "receiving", "peginterferon", "alpha-2b", "plus", "ribavirin", "." ]

[ "compound", "protein" ]

Insulin, ribavirin

DS.d698_task2

Sentence: Insulin resistance is a major determinant of sustained virological response in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C patients receiving peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O" ]

Insulin resistance is a major determinant of sustained virological response in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C patients receiving peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin.

[ "Insulin", "resistance", "is", "a", "major", "determinant", "of", "sustained", "virological", "response", "in", "genotype", "1", "chronic", "hepatitis", "C", "patients", "receiving", "peginterferon", "alpha-2b", "plus", "ribavirin", "." ]

[ "compound", "protein" ]

NFATc is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, NFATc is a Protein, NFATc.alpha is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, NFATc.alpha is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, interleukin-2 is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, kappa3 element is a Entity, tumor necrosis factor - alpha is a Protein, tumor necrosis factor - alpha is a Protein, promoter is a Entity

605_task0

Sentence: Characterization of a new isoform of the NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) gene family member NFATc [published erratum appears in J Biol Chem 1996 Dec 27;271(52):33705] The cyclosporin A (CsA)/FK506-sensitive nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) plays a key role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T cells. Although NFAT has been recently shown to be inducible in several non-T immune cells, the NFAT gene family members characterized to date have been isolated only from T cells. To further characterize NFAT function in human B cells and to demonstrate cytokine gene specificity of NFAT proteins, we report here the isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone from the Raji B cell line. The cDNA clone encodes a new isoform, NFATc.beta, of the NFAT gene family member NFATc (designated here NFATc.alpha). The amino acid sequence of NFATc.beta differs from that of NFATc.alpha in the first NH2-terminal 29 residues and contains an additional region of 142 residues at the COOH terminus. Northern analysis using a probe encompassing a common region of both isoforms showed two mRNA species of 2.7 and 4.5 kilobase pairs, while an NFATc.beta-specific probe detected only the 4.5-kilobase pair mRNA which was preferentially expressed in the spleen. Transient expression of NFATc.beta was capable of activating an interleukin-2 NFAT-driven reporter gene in stimulated Jurkat cells in a CsA-sensitive manner. However, NFATc.beta neither bound to the kappa3 element ( an NFAT-binding site ) in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter nor activated the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter in cotransfection assays. These data suggest that different members or isoforms of NFAT gene family may regulate inducible expression of different cytokine genes. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Entity, Protein

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Characterization of a new isoform of the NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) gene family member NFATc [published erratum appears in J Biol Chem 1996 Dec 27;271(52):33705] The cyclosporin A (CsA)/FK506-sensitive nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) plays a key role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T cells. Although NFAT has been recently shown to be inducible in several non-T immune cells, the NFAT gene family members characterized to date have been isolated only from T cells. To further characterize NFAT function in human B cells and to demonstrate cytokine gene specificity of NFAT proteins, we report here the isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone from the Raji B cell line. The cDNA clone encodes a new isoform, NFATc.beta, of the NFAT gene family member NFATc (designated here NFATc.alpha). The amino acid sequence of NFATc.beta differs from that of NFATc.alpha in the first NH2-terminal 29 residues and contains an additional region of 142 residues at the COOH terminus. Northern analysis using a probe encompassing a common region of both isoforms showed two mRNA species of 2.7 and 4.5 kilobase pairs, while an NFATc.beta-specific probe detected only the 4.5-kilobase pair mRNA which was preferentially expressed in the spleen. Transient expression of NFATc.beta was capable of activating an interleukin-2 NFAT-driven reporter gene in stimulated Jurkat cells in a CsA-sensitive manner. However, NFATc.beta neither bound to the kappa3 element ( an NFAT-binding site ) in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter nor activated the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter in cotransfection assays. These data suggest that different members or isoforms of NFAT gene family may regulate inducible expression of different cytokine genes.

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[ "Protein", "Entity" ]

NFATc is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, NFATc is a Protein, NFATc.alpha is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, NFATc.alpha is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, interleukin-2 is a Protein, NFATc.beta is a Protein, kappa3 element is a Entity, tumor necrosis factor - alpha is a Protein, tumor necrosis factor - alpha is a Protein, promoter is a Entity

605_task1

Sentence: Characterization of a new isoform of the NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) gene family member NFATc [published erratum appears in J Biol Chem 1996 Dec 27;271(52):33705] The cyclosporin A (CsA)/FK506-sensitive nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) plays a key role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T cells. Although NFAT has been recently shown to be inducible in several non-T immune cells, the NFAT gene family members characterized to date have been isolated only from T cells. To further characterize NFAT function in human B cells and to demonstrate cytokine gene specificity of NFAT proteins, we report here the isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone from the Raji B cell line. The cDNA clone encodes a new isoform, NFATc.beta, of the NFAT gene family member NFATc (designated here NFATc.alpha). The amino acid sequence of NFATc.beta differs from that of NFATc.alpha in the first NH2-terminal 29 residues and contains an additional region of 142 residues at the COOH terminus. Northern analysis using a probe encompassing a common region of both isoforms showed two mRNA species of 2.7 and 4.5 kilobase pairs, while an NFATc.beta-specific probe detected only the 4.5-kilobase pair mRNA which was preferentially expressed in the spleen. Transient expression of NFATc.beta was capable of activating an interleukin-2 NFAT-driven reporter gene in stimulated Jurkat cells in a CsA-sensitive manner. However, NFATc.beta neither bound to the kappa3 element ( an NFAT-binding site ) in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter nor activated the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter in cotransfection assays. These data suggest that different members or isoforms of NFAT gene family may regulate inducible expression of different cytokine genes. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: NFATc, NFATc.beta, NFATc, NFATc.alpha, NFATc.beta, NFATc.alpha, NFATc.beta, NFATc.beta, interleukin-2, NFATc.beta, kappa3 element, tumor necrosis factor - alpha, tumor necrosis factor - alpha, promoter Options: Entity, Protein

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Characterization of a new isoform of the NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) gene family member NFATc [published erratum appears in J Biol Chem 1996 Dec 27;271(52):33705] The cyclosporin A (CsA)/FK506-sensitive nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) plays a key role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T cells. Although NFAT has been recently shown to be inducible in several non-T immune cells, the NFAT gene family members characterized to date have been isolated only from T cells. To further characterize NFAT function in human B cells and to demonstrate cytokine gene specificity of NFAT proteins, we report here the isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone from the Raji B cell line. The cDNA clone encodes a new isoform, NFATc.beta, of the NFAT gene family member NFATc (designated here NFATc.alpha). The amino acid sequence of NFATc.beta differs from that of NFATc.alpha in the first NH2-terminal 29 residues and contains an additional region of 142 residues at the COOH terminus. Northern analysis using a probe encompassing a common region of both isoforms showed two mRNA species of 2.7 and 4.5 kilobase pairs, while an NFATc.beta-specific probe detected only the 4.5-kilobase pair mRNA which was preferentially expressed in the spleen. Transient expression of NFATc.beta was capable of activating an interleukin-2 NFAT-driven reporter gene in stimulated Jurkat cells in a CsA-sensitive manner. However, NFATc.beta neither bound to the kappa3 element ( an NFAT-binding site ) in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter nor activated the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter in cotransfection assays. These data suggest that different members or isoforms of NFAT gene family may regulate inducible expression of different cytokine genes.

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[ "Protein", "Entity" ]

NFATc, NFATc.beta, NFATc, NFATc.alpha, NFATc.beta, NFATc.alpha, NFATc.beta, NFATc.beta, interleukin-2, NFATc.beta, kappa3 element, tumor necrosis factor - alpha, tumor necrosis factor - alpha, promoter

605_task2

Sentence: Characterization of a new isoform of the NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) gene family member NFATc [published erratum appears in J Biol Chem 1996 Dec 27;271(52):33705] The cyclosporin A (CsA)/FK506-sensitive nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) plays a key role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T cells. Although NFAT has been recently shown to be inducible in several non-T immune cells, the NFAT gene family members characterized to date have been isolated only from T cells. To further characterize NFAT function in human B cells and to demonstrate cytokine gene specificity of NFAT proteins, we report here the isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone from the Raji B cell line. The cDNA clone encodes a new isoform, NFATc.beta, of the NFAT gene family member NFATc (designated here NFATc.alpha). The amino acid sequence of NFATc.beta differs from that of NFATc.alpha in the first NH2-terminal 29 residues and contains an additional region of 142 residues at the COOH terminus. Northern analysis using a probe encompassing a common region of both isoforms showed two mRNA species of 2.7 and 4.5 kilobase pairs, while an NFATc.beta-specific probe detected only the 4.5-kilobase pair mRNA which was preferentially expressed in the spleen. Transient expression of NFATc.beta was capable of activating an interleukin-2 NFAT-driven reporter gene in stimulated Jurkat cells in a CsA-sensitive manner. However, NFATc.beta neither bound to the kappa3 element ( an NFAT-binding site ) in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter nor activated the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter in cotransfection assays. These data suggest that different members or isoforms of NFAT gene family may regulate inducible expression of different cytokine genes. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Characterization of a new isoform of the NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) gene family member NFATc [published erratum appears in J Biol Chem 1996 Dec 27;271(52):33705] The cyclosporin A (CsA)/FK506-sensitive nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) plays a key role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T cells. Although NFAT has been recently shown to be inducible in several non-T immune cells, the NFAT gene family members characterized to date have been isolated only from T cells. To further characterize NFAT function in human B cells and to demonstrate cytokine gene specificity of NFAT proteins, we report here the isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone from the Raji B cell line. The cDNA clone encodes a new isoform, NFATc.beta, of the NFAT gene family member NFATc (designated here NFATc.alpha). The amino acid sequence of NFATc.beta differs from that of NFATc.alpha in the first NH2-terminal 29 residues and contains an additional region of 142 residues at the COOH terminus. Northern analysis using a probe encompassing a common region of both isoforms showed two mRNA species of 2.7 and 4.5 kilobase pairs, while an NFATc.beta-specific probe detected only the 4.5-kilobase pair mRNA which was preferentially expressed in the spleen. Transient expression of NFATc.beta was capable of activating an interleukin-2 NFAT-driven reporter gene in stimulated Jurkat cells in a CsA-sensitive manner. However, NFATc.beta neither bound to the kappa3 element ( an NFAT-binding site ) in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter nor activated the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter in cotransfection assays. These data suggest that different members or isoforms of NFAT gene family may regulate inducible expression of different cytokine genes.

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[ "Protein", "Entity" ]

Myasthenia gravis is an umlsterm, Ateminsuffizienz is an umlsterm, Schluckstoerung is an umlsterm, lebensbedrohlich is an umlsterm, Infektionen is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Akuttherapie is an umlsterm, Krisenintervention is an umlsterm, Plasmapherese is an umlsterm, Immunglobulinen is an umlsterm, Infektionen is an umlsterm, Thymektomie is an umlsterm, notfallmaessig is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Schluckstoerung is an umlsterm, Intubation is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Pflege is an umlsterm, Infektionen is an umlsterm, Beinvenenthrombosen is an umlsterm, Komplikationen is an umlsterm, Prognose is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm

ZfuerHerzThoraxGefaesschirurgie.80120276.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Krisenhafte Verschlechterungen einer Myasthenia gravis koennen insbesondere aufgrund einer Ateminsuffizienz und einer Schluckstoerung mit Aspirationsgefahr lebensbedrohlich sein . Ausloeser sind haeufig interkurrente Infektionen , eine Verschlechterung durch den natuerlichen Verlauf der Erkrankung oder eine unzureichende immunsuppressive Behandlung der Myasthenie . Die Einweisung in eine in der Behandlung der Myasthenia gravis erfahrene neurologische Klinik ist dann erforderlich und darf keinesfalls verzoegert werden . Die spezifische Akuttherapie besteht in der symptomatischen Medikation mit Cholinesterasehemmern , der Krisenintervention mit Plasmapherese oder intravenoeser hochdosierter Gabe von Immunglobulinen und Immunsuppressionen mit Glukokortikoiden . Infektionen muessen konsequent behandelt werden . Die Thymektomie ist nie notfallmaessig indiziert und soll erst nach Stabilisierung des Patienten erfolgen . Falls eine bedrohliche Atem- oder Schluckstoerung nicht aufgehalten werden kann , soll die Verlegung auf eine fachneurologische Intensivstation und ggfs . Die Intubation rechtzeitig und elektiv nach Aufklaerung des Patienten durchgefuehrt werden . Wichtig sind eine sorgfaeltige Pflege und prophylaktische Massnahmen zur Vermeidung von Infektionen , Beinvenenthrombosen und psychischen Komplikationen , um die an sich guenstige Prognose nicht zu gefaehrden . Die beste Therapie besteht moeglichst jedoch in der Praevention der myasthenen Krise . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Krisenhafte Verschlechterungen einer Myasthenia gravis koennen insbesondere aufgrund einer Ateminsuffizienz und einer Schluckstoerung mit Aspirationsgefahr lebensbedrohlich sein . Ausloeser sind haeufig interkurrente Infektionen , eine Verschlechterung durch den natuerlichen Verlauf der Erkrankung oder eine unzureichende immunsuppressive Behandlung der Myasthenie . Die Einweisung in eine in der Behandlung der Myasthenia gravis erfahrene neurologische Klinik ist dann erforderlich und darf keinesfalls verzoegert werden . Die spezifische Akuttherapie besteht in der symptomatischen Medikation mit Cholinesterasehemmern , der Krisenintervention mit Plasmapherese oder intravenoeser hochdosierter Gabe von Immunglobulinen und Immunsuppressionen mit Glukokortikoiden . Infektionen muessen konsequent behandelt werden . Die Thymektomie ist nie notfallmaessig indiziert und soll erst nach Stabilisierung des Patienten erfolgen . Falls eine bedrohliche Atem- oder Schluckstoerung nicht aufgehalten werden kann , soll die Verlegung auf eine fachneurologische Intensivstation und ggfs . Die Intubation rechtzeitig und elektiv nach Aufklaerung des Patienten durchgefuehrt werden . Wichtig sind eine sorgfaeltige Pflege und prophylaktische Massnahmen zur Vermeidung von Infektionen , Beinvenenthrombosen und psychischen Komplikationen , um die an sich guenstige Prognose nicht zu gefaehrden . Die beste Therapie besteht moeglichst jedoch in der Praevention der myasthenen Krise .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Myasthenia gravis is an umlsterm, Ateminsuffizienz is an umlsterm, Schluckstoerung is an umlsterm, lebensbedrohlich is an umlsterm, Infektionen is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Akuttherapie is an umlsterm, Krisenintervention is an umlsterm, Plasmapherese is an umlsterm, Immunglobulinen is an umlsterm, Infektionen is an umlsterm, Thymektomie is an umlsterm, notfallmaessig is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Schluckstoerung is an umlsterm, Intubation is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Pflege is an umlsterm, Infektionen is an umlsterm, Beinvenenthrombosen is an umlsterm, Komplikationen is an umlsterm, Prognose is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm

ZfuerHerzThoraxGefaesschirurgie.80120276.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Krisenhafte Verschlechterungen einer Myasthenia gravis koennen insbesondere aufgrund einer Ateminsuffizienz und einer Schluckstoerung mit Aspirationsgefahr lebensbedrohlich sein . Ausloeser sind haeufig interkurrente Infektionen , eine Verschlechterung durch den natuerlichen Verlauf der Erkrankung oder eine unzureichende immunsuppressive Behandlung der Myasthenie . Die Einweisung in eine in der Behandlung der Myasthenia gravis erfahrene neurologische Klinik ist dann erforderlich und darf keinesfalls verzoegert werden . Die spezifische Akuttherapie besteht in der symptomatischen Medikation mit Cholinesterasehemmern , der Krisenintervention mit Plasmapherese oder intravenoeser hochdosierter Gabe von Immunglobulinen und Immunsuppressionen mit Glukokortikoiden . Infektionen muessen konsequent behandelt werden . Die Thymektomie ist nie notfallmaessig indiziert und soll erst nach Stabilisierung des Patienten erfolgen . Falls eine bedrohliche Atem- oder Schluckstoerung nicht aufgehalten werden kann , soll die Verlegung auf eine fachneurologische Intensivstation und ggfs . Die Intubation rechtzeitig und elektiv nach Aufklaerung des Patienten durchgefuehrt werden . Wichtig sind eine sorgfaeltige Pflege und prophylaktische Massnahmen zur Vermeidung von Infektionen , Beinvenenthrombosen und psychischen Komplikationen , um die an sich guenstige Prognose nicht zu gefaehrden . Die beste Therapie besteht moeglichst jedoch in der Praevention der myasthenen Krise . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Myasthenia gravis, Ateminsuffizienz, Schluckstoerung, lebensbedrohlich, Infektionen, Behandlung, Behandlung, Akuttherapie, Krisenintervention, Plasmapherese, Immunglobulinen, Infektionen, Thymektomie, notfallmaessig, Patienten, Schluckstoerung, Intubation, Patienten, Pflege, Infektionen, Beinvenenthrombosen, Komplikationen, Prognose, Therapie Options: umlsterm

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Krisenhafte Verschlechterungen einer Myasthenia gravis koennen insbesondere aufgrund einer Ateminsuffizienz und einer Schluckstoerung mit Aspirationsgefahr lebensbedrohlich sein . Ausloeser sind haeufig interkurrente Infektionen , eine Verschlechterung durch den natuerlichen Verlauf der Erkrankung oder eine unzureichende immunsuppressive Behandlung der Myasthenie . Die Einweisung in eine in der Behandlung der Myasthenia gravis erfahrene neurologische Klinik ist dann erforderlich und darf keinesfalls verzoegert werden . Die spezifische Akuttherapie besteht in der symptomatischen Medikation mit Cholinesterasehemmern , der Krisenintervention mit Plasmapherese oder intravenoeser hochdosierter Gabe von Immunglobulinen und Immunsuppressionen mit Glukokortikoiden . Infektionen muessen konsequent behandelt werden . Die Thymektomie ist nie notfallmaessig indiziert und soll erst nach Stabilisierung des Patienten erfolgen . Falls eine bedrohliche Atem- oder Schluckstoerung nicht aufgehalten werden kann , soll die Verlegung auf eine fachneurologische Intensivstation und ggfs . Die Intubation rechtzeitig und elektiv nach Aufklaerung des Patienten durchgefuehrt werden . Wichtig sind eine sorgfaeltige Pflege und prophylaktische Massnahmen zur Vermeidung von Infektionen , Beinvenenthrombosen und psychischen Komplikationen , um die an sich guenstige Prognose nicht zu gefaehrden . Die beste Therapie besteht moeglichst jedoch in der Praevention der myasthenen Krise .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Myasthenia gravis, Ateminsuffizienz, Schluckstoerung, lebensbedrohlich, Infektionen, Behandlung, Behandlung, Akuttherapie, Krisenintervention, Plasmapherese, Immunglobulinen, Infektionen, Thymektomie, notfallmaessig, Patienten, Schluckstoerung, Intubation, Patienten, Pflege, Infektionen, Beinvenenthrombosen, Komplikationen, Prognose, Therapie

ZfuerHerzThoraxGefaesschirurgie.80120276.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Krisenhafte Verschlechterungen einer Myasthenia gravis koennen insbesondere aufgrund einer Ateminsuffizienz und einer Schluckstoerung mit Aspirationsgefahr lebensbedrohlich sein . Ausloeser sind haeufig interkurrente Infektionen , eine Verschlechterung durch den natuerlichen Verlauf der Erkrankung oder eine unzureichende immunsuppressive Behandlung der Myasthenie . Die Einweisung in eine in der Behandlung der Myasthenia gravis erfahrene neurologische Klinik ist dann erforderlich und darf keinesfalls verzoegert werden . Die spezifische Akuttherapie besteht in der symptomatischen Medikation mit Cholinesterasehemmern , der Krisenintervention mit Plasmapherese oder intravenoeser hochdosierter Gabe von Immunglobulinen und Immunsuppressionen mit Glukokortikoiden . Infektionen muessen konsequent behandelt werden . Die Thymektomie ist nie notfallmaessig indiziert und soll erst nach Stabilisierung des Patienten erfolgen . Falls eine bedrohliche Atem- oder Schluckstoerung nicht aufgehalten werden kann , soll die Verlegung auf eine fachneurologische Intensivstation und ggfs . Die Intubation rechtzeitig und elektiv nach Aufklaerung des Patienten durchgefuehrt werden . Wichtig sind eine sorgfaeltige Pflege und prophylaktische Massnahmen zur Vermeidung von Infektionen , Beinvenenthrombosen und psychischen Komplikationen , um die an sich guenstige Prognose nicht zu gefaehrden . Die beste Therapie besteht moeglichst jedoch in der Praevention der myasthenen Krise . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Krisenhafte Verschlechterungen einer Myasthenia gravis koennen insbesondere aufgrund einer Ateminsuffizienz und einer Schluckstoerung mit Aspirationsgefahr lebensbedrohlich sein . Ausloeser sind haeufig interkurrente Infektionen , eine Verschlechterung durch den natuerlichen Verlauf der Erkrankung oder eine unzureichende immunsuppressive Behandlung der Myasthenie . Die Einweisung in eine in der Behandlung der Myasthenia gravis erfahrene neurologische Klinik ist dann erforderlich und darf keinesfalls verzoegert werden . Die spezifische Akuttherapie besteht in der symptomatischen Medikation mit Cholinesterasehemmern , der Krisenintervention mit Plasmapherese oder intravenoeser hochdosierter Gabe von Immunglobulinen und Immunsuppressionen mit Glukokortikoiden . Infektionen muessen konsequent behandelt werden . Die Thymektomie ist nie notfallmaessig indiziert und soll erst nach Stabilisierung des Patienten erfolgen . Falls eine bedrohliche Atem- oder Schluckstoerung nicht aufgehalten werden kann , soll die Verlegung auf eine fachneurologische Intensivstation und ggfs . Die Intubation rechtzeitig und elektiv nach Aufklaerung des Patienten durchgefuehrt werden . Wichtig sind eine sorgfaeltige Pflege und prophylaktische Massnahmen zur Vermeidung von Infektionen , Beinvenenthrombosen und psychischen Komplikationen , um die an sich guenstige Prognose nicht zu gefaehrden . Die beste Therapie besteht moeglichst jedoch in der Praevention der myasthenen Krise .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, asthma is a Participant_Condition, aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 231 is a Participant_Sample-size, chronic reversible obstructive airway disease is a Participant_Condition, placebo albuterol aerosol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, active albuterol powder is a Intervention_Pharmacological, active albuterol aerosol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo lactose powder is a Intervention_Pharmacological, pulmonary function is a Outcome_Physical, length of time mean FEV1 is a Outcome_Physical, physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response is a Outcome_Physical, patients ' subjective symptom scores is a Outcome_Other, cardiovascular effects is a Outcome_Physical, laboratory values is a Outcome_Physical, adverse events is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, preference for one of the delivery systems is a Outcome_Other, half is a Participant_Sample-size

76318_task0

Sentence: Comparison of inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol in asthma . In this multicenter , randomized , double-blind study comparing the efficacy and safety of aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation , 231 patients with chronic reversible obstructive airway disease were randomly allocated to receive either placebo albuterol aerosol followed immediately by active albuterol powder ( 200 micrograms ) or active albuterol aerosol ( two puffs , 180 micrograms ) followed immediately by placebo lactose powder four times a day for a period of 12 weeks . No statistically significant differences were found between the powder and aerosol formulations with respect to pulmonary function , length of time mean FEV1 remained greater than or equal to 15 % above baseline , physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response , or patients ' subjective symptom scores . There were also no significant differences between treatment groups in cardiovascular effects , laboratory values , or adverse events . Among patients who expressed a preference for one of the delivery systems , half preferred using the powder . Results of this study demonstrate that 200 micrograms of albuterol powder is as safe and effective as 180 micrograms of albuterol aerosol . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other

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Comparison of inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol in asthma . In this multicenter , randomized , double-blind study comparing the efficacy and safety of aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation , 231 patients with chronic reversible obstructive airway disease were randomly allocated to receive either placebo albuterol aerosol followed immediately by active albuterol powder ( 200 micrograms ) or active albuterol aerosol ( two puffs , 180 micrograms ) followed immediately by placebo lactose powder four times a day for a period of 12 weeks . No statistically significant differences were found between the powder and aerosol formulations with respect to pulmonary function , length of time mean FEV1 remained greater than or equal to 15 % above baseline , physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response , or patients ' subjective symptom scores . There were also no significant differences between treatment groups in cardiovascular effects , laboratory values , or adverse events . Among patients who expressed a preference for one of the delivery systems , half preferred using the powder . Results of this study demonstrate that 200 micrograms of albuterol powder is as safe and effective as 180 micrograms of albuterol aerosol .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, asthma is a Participant_Condition, aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 231 is a Participant_Sample-size, chronic reversible obstructive airway disease is a Participant_Condition, placebo albuterol aerosol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, active albuterol powder is a Intervention_Pharmacological, active albuterol aerosol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo lactose powder is a Intervention_Pharmacological, pulmonary function is a Outcome_Physical, length of time mean FEV1 is a Outcome_Physical, physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response is a Outcome_Physical, patients ' subjective symptom scores is a Outcome_Other, cardiovascular effects is a Outcome_Physical, laboratory values is a Outcome_Physical, adverse events is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, preference for one of the delivery systems is a Outcome_Other, half is a Participant_Sample-size

76318_task1

Sentence: Comparison of inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol in asthma . In this multicenter , randomized , double-blind study comparing the efficacy and safety of aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation , 231 patients with chronic reversible obstructive airway disease were randomly allocated to receive either placebo albuterol aerosol followed immediately by active albuterol powder ( 200 micrograms ) or active albuterol aerosol ( two puffs , 180 micrograms ) followed immediately by placebo lactose powder four times a day for a period of 12 weeks . No statistically significant differences were found between the powder and aerosol formulations with respect to pulmonary function , length of time mean FEV1 remained greater than or equal to 15 % above baseline , physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response , or patients ' subjective symptom scores . There were also no significant differences between treatment groups in cardiovascular effects , laboratory values , or adverse events . Among patients who expressed a preference for one of the delivery systems , half preferred using the powder . Results of this study demonstrate that 200 micrograms of albuterol powder is as safe and effective as 180 micrograms of albuterol aerosol . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol, asthma, aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation, 231, chronic reversible obstructive airway disease, placebo albuterol aerosol, active albuterol powder, active albuterol aerosol, placebo lactose powder, pulmonary function, length of time mean FEV1, physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response, patients ' subjective symptom scores, cardiovascular effects, laboratory values, adverse events, preference for one of the delivery systems, half Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other

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Comparison of inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol in asthma . In this multicenter , randomized , double-blind study comparing the efficacy and safety of aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation , 231 patients with chronic reversible obstructive airway disease were randomly allocated to receive either placebo albuterol aerosol followed immediately by active albuterol powder ( 200 micrograms ) or active albuterol aerosol ( two puffs , 180 micrograms ) followed immediately by placebo lactose powder four times a day for a period of 12 weeks . No statistically significant differences were found between the powder and aerosol formulations with respect to pulmonary function , length of time mean FEV1 remained greater than or equal to 15 % above baseline , physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response , or patients ' subjective symptom scores . There were also no significant differences between treatment groups in cardiovascular effects , laboratory values , or adverse events . Among patients who expressed a preference for one of the delivery systems , half preferred using the powder . Results of this study demonstrate that 200 micrograms of albuterol powder is as safe and effective as 180 micrograms of albuterol aerosol .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol, asthma, aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation, 231, chronic reversible obstructive airway disease, placebo albuterol aerosol, active albuterol powder, active albuterol aerosol, placebo lactose powder, pulmonary function, length of time mean FEV1, physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response, patients ' subjective symptom scores, cardiovascular effects, laboratory values, adverse events, preference for one of the delivery systems, half

76318_task2

Sentence: Comparison of inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol in asthma . In this multicenter , randomized , double-blind study comparing the efficacy and safety of aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation , 231 patients with chronic reversible obstructive airway disease were randomly allocated to receive either placebo albuterol aerosol followed immediately by active albuterol powder ( 200 micrograms ) or active albuterol aerosol ( two puffs , 180 micrograms ) followed immediately by placebo lactose powder four times a day for a period of 12 weeks . No statistically significant differences were found between the powder and aerosol formulations with respect to pulmonary function , length of time mean FEV1 remained greater than or equal to 15 % above baseline , physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response , or patients ' subjective symptom scores . There were also no significant differences between treatment groups in cardiovascular effects , laboratory values , or adverse events . Among patients who expressed a preference for one of the delivery systems , half preferred using the powder . Results of this study demonstrate that 200 micrograms of albuterol powder is as safe and effective as 180 micrograms of albuterol aerosol . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Comparison of inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol in asthma . In this multicenter , randomized , double-blind study comparing the efficacy and safety of aerosolized albuterol with the dry powder formulation , 231 patients with chronic reversible obstructive airway disease were randomly allocated to receive either placebo albuterol aerosol followed immediately by active albuterol powder ( 200 micrograms ) or active albuterol aerosol ( two puffs , 180 micrograms ) followed immediately by placebo lactose powder four times a day for a period of 12 weeks . No statistically significant differences were found between the powder and aerosol formulations with respect to pulmonary function , length of time mean FEV1 remained greater than or equal to 15 % above baseline , physicians ' assessments of patients ' clinical response , or patients ' subjective symptom scores . There were also no significant differences between treatment groups in cardiovascular effects , laboratory values , or adverse events . Among patients who expressed a preference for one of the delivery systems , half preferred using the powder . Results of this study demonstrate that 200 micrograms of albuterol powder is as safe and effective as 180 micrograms of albuterol aerosol .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

Belastung is an umlsterm, Halswirbelsaeule is an umlsterm, Halsverletzungen is an umlsterm, Schleudertrauma is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Halses is an umlsterm, Halswirbelkanals is an umlsterm, Druckveraenderungen is an umlsterm, ZNS is an umlsterm, Gewebeschaeden is an umlsterm, Belastung is an umlsterm, Schweine is an umlsterm, Schleudertrauma is an umlsterm, Belastung is an umlsterm, Halswirbelfraktur is an umlsterm, Belastung is an umlsterm, Pulsdruck is an umlsterm, Halswirbelkanal is an umlsterm, Zellmembran is an umlsterm, Spinalganglien is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Weichteilverletzungen is an umlsterm, Halses is an umlsterm, Kopf is an umlsterm, Schweines is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Halsbewegungen is an umlsterm, Extension is an umlsterm, Belastung is an umlsterm, Halses is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Schweinen is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Druckhypothese is an umlsterm, theoretischen Modells is an umlsterm, Halsverletzungen is an umlsterm, Risiko is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Halsretraktion is an umlsterm, Beschleunigung is an umlsterm, Kopf is an umlsterm

DerOrthopaede.80270820.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Die mechanische Belastung der Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) bei Autounfaellen verursacht oft eine Reihe von Halsverletzungen , die unter dem Begriff Schleudertrauma zusammengefasst werden . Mehrere dieser Symptome koennen moeglicherweise durch Verletzungen im Bereich der Nervenwurzeln der HWS erklaert werden . Die Hypothese wurde aufgestellt , dass waehrend der Extensions- und Flexionsbewegungen des Halses , aufgrund von haemodynamischen Auswirkungen , Aenderungen des inneren Volumens des Halswirbelkanals kurzzeitige Druckveraenderungen im ZNS verursachen und dass dadurch Gewebeschaeden durch die mechanische Belastung der Nervenwurzel entstehen . Um die Hypothese zu ueberpruefen , wurden anaesthesierte Schweine einem experimentellen Schleudertrauma mit Extensions- , Flexions- und Seitneigungsbewegungen ausgesetzt . Die traumatische Belastung wurde unterhalb einer Stufe gehalten , bei der eine Halswirbelfraktur stattfinden koennte . Waehrend der Belastung wurde der Pulsdruck im Halswirbelkanal gemessen . In diesem Zusammenhang ergaben sich Hinweise einer Dysfunktion der Zellmembran bei Nervenzellkoerpern der Spinalganglien . Die ganglionaeren Verletzungen koennen moeglicherweise einige der mit Weichteilverletzungen des Halses nach Autounfaellen einhergehenden Symptome erklaeren . Um die Situation bei einem Auffahrunfall zu simulieren , wurde der Kopf des Schweines rueckwaerts vom Torso weggezogen . Dabei wurde festgestellt , dass die ganglionaeren Verletzungen zu einem sehr fruehen Zeitpunkt waehrend der Halsbewegungen stattfinden und zwar in der Phase , in der die Bewegung von der Retraktion zur Extension wechselt . Bei einer aehnlichen , jedoch statischen Belastung des Halses wurden keine ganglionaeren Verletzungen bei den Schweinen festgestellt . Dies ist ein Hinweis darauf , dass diese Verletzungen durch dynamische Faktoren verursacht werden und bietet somit weitere Unterstuetzung fuer die Druckhypothese . Auf der Basis eines theoretischen Modells wurden Kriterien fuer Halsverletzungen ( neck injury criterion = NIC ) entwickelt . Es weist darauf hin , dass das Risiko von ganglionaeren Verletzungen am Punkt der maximalen Halsretraktion durch die unterschiedliche horizontale Beschleunigung und Geschwindigkeit zwischen Kopf und oberem Torso bestimmt wird . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Die mechanische Belastung der Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) bei Autounfaellen verursacht oft eine Reihe von Halsverletzungen , die unter dem Begriff Schleudertrauma zusammengefasst werden . Mehrere dieser Symptome koennen moeglicherweise durch Verletzungen im Bereich der Nervenwurzeln der HWS erklaert werden . Die Hypothese wurde aufgestellt , dass waehrend der Extensions- und Flexionsbewegungen des Halses , aufgrund von haemodynamischen Auswirkungen , Aenderungen des inneren Volumens des Halswirbelkanals kurzzeitige Druckveraenderungen im ZNS verursachen und dass dadurch Gewebeschaeden durch die mechanische Belastung der Nervenwurzel entstehen . Um die Hypothese zu ueberpruefen , wurden anaesthesierte Schweine einem experimentellen Schleudertrauma mit Extensions- , Flexions- und Seitneigungsbewegungen ausgesetzt . Die traumatische Belastung wurde unterhalb einer Stufe gehalten , bei der eine Halswirbelfraktur stattfinden koennte . Waehrend der Belastung wurde der Pulsdruck im Halswirbelkanal gemessen . In diesem Zusammenhang ergaben sich Hinweise einer Dysfunktion der Zellmembran bei Nervenzellkoerpern der Spinalganglien . Die ganglionaeren Verletzungen koennen moeglicherweise einige der mit Weichteilverletzungen des Halses nach Autounfaellen einhergehenden Symptome erklaeren . Um die Situation bei einem Auffahrunfall zu simulieren , wurde der Kopf des Schweines rueckwaerts vom Torso weggezogen . Dabei wurde festgestellt , dass die ganglionaeren Verletzungen zu einem sehr fruehen Zeitpunkt waehrend der Halsbewegungen stattfinden und zwar in der Phase , in der die Bewegung von der Retraktion zur Extension wechselt . Bei einer aehnlichen , jedoch statischen Belastung des Halses wurden keine ganglionaeren Verletzungen bei den Schweinen festgestellt . Dies ist ein Hinweis darauf , dass diese Verletzungen durch dynamische Faktoren verursacht werden und bietet somit weitere Unterstuetzung fuer die Druckhypothese . Auf der Basis eines theoretischen Modells wurden Kriterien fuer Halsverletzungen ( neck injury criterion = NIC ) entwickelt . Es weist darauf hin , dass das Risiko von ganglionaeren Verletzungen am Punkt der maximalen Halsretraktion durch die unterschiedliche horizontale Beschleunigung und Geschwindigkeit zwischen Kopf und oberem Torso bestimmt wird .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Belastung is an umlsterm, Halswirbelsaeule is an umlsterm, Halsverletzungen is an umlsterm, Schleudertrauma is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Halses is an umlsterm, Halswirbelkanals is an umlsterm, Druckveraenderungen is an umlsterm, ZNS is an umlsterm, Gewebeschaeden is an umlsterm, Belastung is an umlsterm, Schweine is an umlsterm, Schleudertrauma is an umlsterm, Belastung is an umlsterm, Halswirbelfraktur is an umlsterm, Belastung is an umlsterm, Pulsdruck is an umlsterm, Halswirbelkanal is an umlsterm, Zellmembran is an umlsterm, Spinalganglien is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Weichteilverletzungen is an umlsterm, Halses is an umlsterm, Kopf is an umlsterm, Schweines is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Halsbewegungen is an umlsterm, Extension is an umlsterm, Belastung is an umlsterm, Halses is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Schweinen is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Druckhypothese is an umlsterm, theoretischen Modells is an umlsterm, Halsverletzungen is an umlsterm, Risiko is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Halsretraktion is an umlsterm, Beschleunigung is an umlsterm, Kopf is an umlsterm

DerOrthopaede.80270820.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Die mechanische Belastung der Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) bei Autounfaellen verursacht oft eine Reihe von Halsverletzungen , die unter dem Begriff Schleudertrauma zusammengefasst werden . Mehrere dieser Symptome koennen moeglicherweise durch Verletzungen im Bereich der Nervenwurzeln der HWS erklaert werden . Die Hypothese wurde aufgestellt , dass waehrend der Extensions- und Flexionsbewegungen des Halses , aufgrund von haemodynamischen Auswirkungen , Aenderungen des inneren Volumens des Halswirbelkanals kurzzeitige Druckveraenderungen im ZNS verursachen und dass dadurch Gewebeschaeden durch die mechanische Belastung der Nervenwurzel entstehen . Um die Hypothese zu ueberpruefen , wurden anaesthesierte Schweine einem experimentellen Schleudertrauma mit Extensions- , Flexions- und Seitneigungsbewegungen ausgesetzt . Die traumatische Belastung wurde unterhalb einer Stufe gehalten , bei der eine Halswirbelfraktur stattfinden koennte . Waehrend der Belastung wurde der Pulsdruck im Halswirbelkanal gemessen . In diesem Zusammenhang ergaben sich Hinweise einer Dysfunktion der Zellmembran bei Nervenzellkoerpern der Spinalganglien . Die ganglionaeren Verletzungen koennen moeglicherweise einige der mit Weichteilverletzungen des Halses nach Autounfaellen einhergehenden Symptome erklaeren . Um die Situation bei einem Auffahrunfall zu simulieren , wurde der Kopf des Schweines rueckwaerts vom Torso weggezogen . Dabei wurde festgestellt , dass die ganglionaeren Verletzungen zu einem sehr fruehen Zeitpunkt waehrend der Halsbewegungen stattfinden und zwar in der Phase , in der die Bewegung von der Retraktion zur Extension wechselt . Bei einer aehnlichen , jedoch statischen Belastung des Halses wurden keine ganglionaeren Verletzungen bei den Schweinen festgestellt . Dies ist ein Hinweis darauf , dass diese Verletzungen durch dynamische Faktoren verursacht werden und bietet somit weitere Unterstuetzung fuer die Druckhypothese . Auf der Basis eines theoretischen Modells wurden Kriterien fuer Halsverletzungen ( neck injury criterion = NIC ) entwickelt . Es weist darauf hin , dass das Risiko von ganglionaeren Verletzungen am Punkt der maximalen Halsretraktion durch die unterschiedliche horizontale Beschleunigung und Geschwindigkeit zwischen Kopf und oberem Torso bestimmt wird . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Belastung, Halswirbelsaeule, Halsverletzungen, Schleudertrauma, Verletzungen, Halses, Halswirbelkanals, Druckveraenderungen, ZNS, Gewebeschaeden, Belastung, Schweine, Schleudertrauma, Belastung, Halswirbelfraktur, Belastung, Pulsdruck, Halswirbelkanal, Zellmembran, Spinalganglien, Verletzungen, Weichteilverletzungen, Halses, Kopf, Schweines, Verletzungen, Halsbewegungen, Extension, Belastung, Halses, Verletzungen, Schweinen, Verletzungen, Druckhypothese, theoretischen Modells, Halsverletzungen, Risiko, Verletzungen, Halsretraktion, Beschleunigung, Kopf Options: umlsterm

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Die mechanische Belastung der Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) bei Autounfaellen verursacht oft eine Reihe von Halsverletzungen , die unter dem Begriff Schleudertrauma zusammengefasst werden . Mehrere dieser Symptome koennen moeglicherweise durch Verletzungen im Bereich der Nervenwurzeln der HWS erklaert werden . Die Hypothese wurde aufgestellt , dass waehrend der Extensions- und Flexionsbewegungen des Halses , aufgrund von haemodynamischen Auswirkungen , Aenderungen des inneren Volumens des Halswirbelkanals kurzzeitige Druckveraenderungen im ZNS verursachen und dass dadurch Gewebeschaeden durch die mechanische Belastung der Nervenwurzel entstehen . Um die Hypothese zu ueberpruefen , wurden anaesthesierte Schweine einem experimentellen Schleudertrauma mit Extensions- , Flexions- und Seitneigungsbewegungen ausgesetzt . Die traumatische Belastung wurde unterhalb einer Stufe gehalten , bei der eine Halswirbelfraktur stattfinden koennte . Waehrend der Belastung wurde der Pulsdruck im Halswirbelkanal gemessen . In diesem Zusammenhang ergaben sich Hinweise einer Dysfunktion der Zellmembran bei Nervenzellkoerpern der Spinalganglien . Die ganglionaeren Verletzungen koennen moeglicherweise einige der mit Weichteilverletzungen des Halses nach Autounfaellen einhergehenden Symptome erklaeren . Um die Situation bei einem Auffahrunfall zu simulieren , wurde der Kopf des Schweines rueckwaerts vom Torso weggezogen . Dabei wurde festgestellt , dass die ganglionaeren Verletzungen zu einem sehr fruehen Zeitpunkt waehrend der Halsbewegungen stattfinden und zwar in der Phase , in der die Bewegung von der Retraktion zur Extension wechselt . Bei einer aehnlichen , jedoch statischen Belastung des Halses wurden keine ganglionaeren Verletzungen bei den Schweinen festgestellt . Dies ist ein Hinweis darauf , dass diese Verletzungen durch dynamische Faktoren verursacht werden und bietet somit weitere Unterstuetzung fuer die Druckhypothese . Auf der Basis eines theoretischen Modells wurden Kriterien fuer Halsverletzungen ( neck injury criterion = NIC ) entwickelt . Es weist darauf hin , dass das Risiko von ganglionaeren Verletzungen am Punkt der maximalen Halsretraktion durch die unterschiedliche horizontale Beschleunigung und Geschwindigkeit zwischen Kopf und oberem Torso bestimmt wird .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Belastung, Halswirbelsaeule, Halsverletzungen, Schleudertrauma, Verletzungen, Halses, Halswirbelkanals, Druckveraenderungen, ZNS, Gewebeschaeden, Belastung, Schweine, Schleudertrauma, Belastung, Halswirbelfraktur, Belastung, Pulsdruck, Halswirbelkanal, Zellmembran, Spinalganglien, Verletzungen, Weichteilverletzungen, Halses, Kopf, Schweines, Verletzungen, Halsbewegungen, Extension, Belastung, Halses, Verletzungen, Schweinen, Verletzungen, Druckhypothese, theoretischen Modells, Halsverletzungen, Risiko, Verletzungen, Halsretraktion, Beschleunigung, Kopf

DerOrthopaede.80270820.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Die mechanische Belastung der Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) bei Autounfaellen verursacht oft eine Reihe von Halsverletzungen , die unter dem Begriff Schleudertrauma zusammengefasst werden . Mehrere dieser Symptome koennen moeglicherweise durch Verletzungen im Bereich der Nervenwurzeln der HWS erklaert werden . Die Hypothese wurde aufgestellt , dass waehrend der Extensions- und Flexionsbewegungen des Halses , aufgrund von haemodynamischen Auswirkungen , Aenderungen des inneren Volumens des Halswirbelkanals kurzzeitige Druckveraenderungen im ZNS verursachen und dass dadurch Gewebeschaeden durch die mechanische Belastung der Nervenwurzel entstehen . Um die Hypothese zu ueberpruefen , wurden anaesthesierte Schweine einem experimentellen Schleudertrauma mit Extensions- , Flexions- und Seitneigungsbewegungen ausgesetzt . Die traumatische Belastung wurde unterhalb einer Stufe gehalten , bei der eine Halswirbelfraktur stattfinden koennte . Waehrend der Belastung wurde der Pulsdruck im Halswirbelkanal gemessen . In diesem Zusammenhang ergaben sich Hinweise einer Dysfunktion der Zellmembran bei Nervenzellkoerpern der Spinalganglien . Die ganglionaeren Verletzungen koennen moeglicherweise einige der mit Weichteilverletzungen des Halses nach Autounfaellen einhergehenden Symptome erklaeren . Um die Situation bei einem Auffahrunfall zu simulieren , wurde der Kopf des Schweines rueckwaerts vom Torso weggezogen . Dabei wurde festgestellt , dass die ganglionaeren Verletzungen zu einem sehr fruehen Zeitpunkt waehrend der Halsbewegungen stattfinden und zwar in der Phase , in der die Bewegung von der Retraktion zur Extension wechselt . Bei einer aehnlichen , jedoch statischen Belastung des Halses wurden keine ganglionaeren Verletzungen bei den Schweinen festgestellt . Dies ist ein Hinweis darauf , dass diese Verletzungen durch dynamische Faktoren verursacht werden und bietet somit weitere Unterstuetzung fuer die Druckhypothese . Auf der Basis eines theoretischen Modells wurden Kriterien fuer Halsverletzungen ( neck injury criterion = NIC ) entwickelt . Es weist darauf hin , dass das Risiko von ganglionaeren Verletzungen am Punkt der maximalen Halsretraktion durch die unterschiedliche horizontale Beschleunigung und Geschwindigkeit zwischen Kopf und oberem Torso bestimmt wird . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Die mechanische Belastung der Halswirbelsaeule ( HWS ) bei Autounfaellen verursacht oft eine Reihe von Halsverletzungen , die unter dem Begriff Schleudertrauma zusammengefasst werden . Mehrere dieser Symptome koennen moeglicherweise durch Verletzungen im Bereich der Nervenwurzeln der HWS erklaert werden . Die Hypothese wurde aufgestellt , dass waehrend der Extensions- und Flexionsbewegungen des Halses , aufgrund von haemodynamischen Auswirkungen , Aenderungen des inneren Volumens des Halswirbelkanals kurzzeitige Druckveraenderungen im ZNS verursachen und dass dadurch Gewebeschaeden durch die mechanische Belastung der Nervenwurzel entstehen . Um die Hypothese zu ueberpruefen , wurden anaesthesierte Schweine einem experimentellen Schleudertrauma mit Extensions- , Flexions- und Seitneigungsbewegungen ausgesetzt . Die traumatische Belastung wurde unterhalb einer Stufe gehalten , bei der eine Halswirbelfraktur stattfinden koennte . Waehrend der Belastung wurde der Pulsdruck im Halswirbelkanal gemessen . In diesem Zusammenhang ergaben sich Hinweise einer Dysfunktion der Zellmembran bei Nervenzellkoerpern der Spinalganglien . Die ganglionaeren Verletzungen koennen moeglicherweise einige der mit Weichteilverletzungen des Halses nach Autounfaellen einhergehenden Symptome erklaeren . Um die Situation bei einem Auffahrunfall zu simulieren , wurde der Kopf des Schweines rueckwaerts vom Torso weggezogen . Dabei wurde festgestellt , dass die ganglionaeren Verletzungen zu einem sehr fruehen Zeitpunkt waehrend der Halsbewegungen stattfinden und zwar in der Phase , in der die Bewegung von der Retraktion zur Extension wechselt . Bei einer aehnlichen , jedoch statischen Belastung des Halses wurden keine ganglionaeren Verletzungen bei den Schweinen festgestellt . Dies ist ein Hinweis darauf , dass diese Verletzungen durch dynamische Faktoren verursacht werden und bietet somit weitere Unterstuetzung fuer die Druckhypothese . Auf der Basis eines theoretischen Modells wurden Kriterien fuer Halsverletzungen ( neck injury criterion = NIC ) entwickelt . Es weist darauf hin , dass das Risiko von ganglionaeren Verletzungen am Punkt der maximalen Halsretraktion durch die unterschiedliche horizontale Beschleunigung und Geschwindigkeit zwischen Kopf und oberem Torso bestimmt wird .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

ADAMTS10 is a Gene, ADAMTS17 is a Gene, ADAMTS10 is a Gene, FBN1 is a Gene, ADAMTS10 is a Gene, ADAMTS17 is a Gene, ADAMTS17 is a Gene, ADAMTS17 is a Gene

402_task0

Sentence: Homozygous mutations in ADAMTS10 and ADAMTS17 cause lenticular myopia, ectopia lentis, glaucoma, spherophakia, and short stature. Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a well-characterized disorder in which patients develop eye and skeletal abnormalities. Autosomal-recessive and autosomal-dominant forms of WMS are caused by mutations in ADAMTS10 and FBN1 genes, respectively. Here we report on 13 patients from seven unrelated families from the Arabian Peninsula. These patients have a constellation of features that fall within the WMS spectrum and follow an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance. Individuals who came from two families and met the diagnostic criteria for WMS were each found to have a different homozygous missense mutation in ADAMTS10. Linkage analysis and direct sequencing of candidate genes in another two families and a sporadic case with phenotypes best described as WMS-like led to the identification of three homozygous mutations in the closely related ADAMTS17 gene. Our clinical and genetic findings suggest that ADAMTS17 plays a role in crystalline lens zonules and connective tissue formation and that mutations in ADAMTS17 are sufficient to produce some of the main features typically described in WMS. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Gene

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Homozygous mutations in ADAMTS10 and ADAMTS17 cause lenticular myopia, ectopia lentis, glaucoma, spherophakia, and short stature. Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a well-characterized disorder in which patients develop eye and skeletal abnormalities. Autosomal-recessive and autosomal-dominant forms of WMS are caused by mutations in ADAMTS10 and FBN1 genes, respectively. Here we report on 13 patients from seven unrelated families from the Arabian Peninsula. These patients have a constellation of features that fall within the WMS spectrum and follow an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance. Individuals who came from two families and met the diagnostic criteria for WMS were each found to have a different homozygous missense mutation in ADAMTS10. Linkage analysis and direct sequencing of candidate genes in another two families and a sporadic case with phenotypes best described as WMS-like led to the identification of three homozygous mutations in the closely related ADAMTS17 gene. Our clinical and genetic findings suggest that ADAMTS17 plays a role in crystalline lens zonules and connective tissue formation and that mutations in ADAMTS17 are sufficient to produce some of the main features typically described in WMS.

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[ "Gene" ]

ADAMTS10 is a Gene, ADAMTS17 is a Gene, ADAMTS10 is a Gene, FBN1 is a Gene, ADAMTS10 is a Gene, ADAMTS17 is a Gene, ADAMTS17 is a Gene, ADAMTS17 is a Gene

402_task1

Sentence: Homozygous mutations in ADAMTS10 and ADAMTS17 cause lenticular myopia, ectopia lentis, glaucoma, spherophakia, and short stature. Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a well-characterized disorder in which patients develop eye and skeletal abnormalities. Autosomal-recessive and autosomal-dominant forms of WMS are caused by mutations in ADAMTS10 and FBN1 genes, respectively. Here we report on 13 patients from seven unrelated families from the Arabian Peninsula. These patients have a constellation of features that fall within the WMS spectrum and follow an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance. Individuals who came from two families and met the diagnostic criteria for WMS were each found to have a different homozygous missense mutation in ADAMTS10. Linkage analysis and direct sequencing of candidate genes in another two families and a sporadic case with phenotypes best described as WMS-like led to the identification of three homozygous mutations in the closely related ADAMTS17 gene. Our clinical and genetic findings suggest that ADAMTS17 plays a role in crystalline lens zonules and connective tissue formation and that mutations in ADAMTS17 are sufficient to produce some of the main features typically described in WMS. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ADAMTS10, ADAMTS17, ADAMTS10, FBN1, ADAMTS10, ADAMTS17, ADAMTS17, ADAMTS17 Options: Gene

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Homozygous mutations in ADAMTS10 and ADAMTS17 cause lenticular myopia, ectopia lentis, glaucoma, spherophakia, and short stature. Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a well-characterized disorder in which patients develop eye and skeletal abnormalities. Autosomal-recessive and autosomal-dominant forms of WMS are caused by mutations in ADAMTS10 and FBN1 genes, respectively. Here we report on 13 patients from seven unrelated families from the Arabian Peninsula. These patients have a constellation of features that fall within the WMS spectrum and follow an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance. Individuals who came from two families and met the diagnostic criteria for WMS were each found to have a different homozygous missense mutation in ADAMTS10. Linkage analysis and direct sequencing of candidate genes in another two families and a sporadic case with phenotypes best described as WMS-like led to the identification of three homozygous mutations in the closely related ADAMTS17 gene. Our clinical and genetic findings suggest that ADAMTS17 plays a role in crystalline lens zonules and connective tissue formation and that mutations in ADAMTS17 are sufficient to produce some of the main features typically described in WMS.

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[ "Gene" ]

ADAMTS10, ADAMTS17, ADAMTS10, FBN1, ADAMTS10, ADAMTS17, ADAMTS17, ADAMTS17

402_task2

Sentence: Homozygous mutations in ADAMTS10 and ADAMTS17 cause lenticular myopia, ectopia lentis, glaucoma, spherophakia, and short stature. Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a well-characterized disorder in which patients develop eye and skeletal abnormalities. Autosomal-recessive and autosomal-dominant forms of WMS are caused by mutations in ADAMTS10 and FBN1 genes, respectively. Here we report on 13 patients from seven unrelated families from the Arabian Peninsula. These patients have a constellation of features that fall within the WMS spectrum and follow an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance. Individuals who came from two families and met the diagnostic criteria for WMS were each found to have a different homozygous missense mutation in ADAMTS10. Linkage analysis and direct sequencing of candidate genes in another two families and a sporadic case with phenotypes best described as WMS-like led to the identification of three homozygous mutations in the closely related ADAMTS17 gene. Our clinical and genetic findings suggest that ADAMTS17 plays a role in crystalline lens zonules and connective tissue formation and that mutations in ADAMTS17 are sufficient to produce some of the main features typically described in WMS. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Homozygous mutations in ADAMTS10 and ADAMTS17 cause lenticular myopia, ectopia lentis, glaucoma, spherophakia, and short stature. Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a well-characterized disorder in which patients develop eye and skeletal abnormalities. Autosomal-recessive and autosomal-dominant forms of WMS are caused by mutations in ADAMTS10 and FBN1 genes, respectively. Here we report on 13 patients from seven unrelated families from the Arabian Peninsula. These patients have a constellation of features that fall within the WMS spectrum and follow an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance. Individuals who came from two families and met the diagnostic criteria for WMS were each found to have a different homozygous missense mutation in ADAMTS10. Linkage analysis and direct sequencing of candidate genes in another two families and a sporadic case with phenotypes best described as WMS-like led to the identification of three homozygous mutations in the closely related ADAMTS17 gene. Our clinical and genetic findings suggest that ADAMTS17 plays a role in crystalline lens zonules and connective tissue formation and that mutations in ADAMTS17 are sufficient to produce some of the main features typically described in WMS.

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[ "Gene" ]

ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico is a NO_NORMALIZABLES

344_task0

Sentence: Paciente mujer de 9 años de edad que a partir de los 3 años presenta protrusión a nivel de la raíz nasal. En el último año, previo al ingreso, se detecta incremento de dicha deformidad, que provoca alteración cosmética y ansiedad con problemas de escolarización. En la exploración física únicamente destaca abultamiento frontal sobre raíz nasal sin dolor a la palpación ni otros datos patológicos relevantes. El estudio con tomografía computarizada (TC) craneal y resonancia magnética (RM) demuestra deformidad del seno frontal, sin ocupación del mismo; paredes del seno de grosor normal. No hallazgos de lesiones intracraneales. Además presenta de manera concomitante lesión parietal derecha compatible con foco de displasia fibrosa. El estudio hormonal revela niveles dentro de la normalidad para la edad. La paciente es intervenida quirúrgicamente, practicándose incisión coronal que deja expuestos hueso frontal y raíz nasal, pudiéndose apreciar un abombamiento del seno frontal. Se realiza multifragmentación y remodelación de la pared anterior del seno conservando su mucosa, utilizando para ello bisturí ultrasónico. Se reconstruye el defecto óseo con malla reabsorbible (ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico). Por otra parte se realiza resección y remodelamiento de la lesión parietal reponiendo cortical interna. La paciente no presenta complicaciones posquirúrgicas presentando una evolución favorable. El resultado cosmético posterior fue óptimo. El estudio histológico de la lesión parietal fue no patológico. Se realizó seguimiento clínico de la paciente durante únicamente un año, debido a traslado de domicilio por causas familiares, no presentando datos de recidiva ni molestias en región de intervención. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: NO_NORMALIZABLES

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Paciente mujer de 9 años de edad que a partir de los 3 años presenta protrusión a nivel de la raíz nasal. En el último año, previo al ingreso, se detecta incremento de dicha deformidad, que provoca alteración cosmética y ansiedad con problemas de escolarización. En la exploración física únicamente destaca abultamiento frontal sobre raíz nasal sin dolor a la palpación ni otros datos patológicos relevantes. El estudio con tomografía computarizada (TC) craneal y resonancia magnética (RM) demuestra deformidad del seno frontal, sin ocupación del mismo; paredes del seno de grosor normal. No hallazgos de lesiones intracraneales. Además presenta de manera concomitante lesión parietal derecha compatible con foco de displasia fibrosa. El estudio hormonal revela niveles dentro de la normalidad para la edad. La paciente es intervenida quirúrgicamente, practicándose incisión coronal que deja expuestos hueso frontal y raíz nasal, pudiéndose apreciar un abombamiento del seno frontal. Se realiza multifragmentación y remodelación de la pared anterior del seno conservando su mucosa, utilizando para ello bisturí ultrasónico. Se reconstruye el defecto óseo con malla reabsorbible (ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico). Por otra parte se realiza resección y remodelamiento de la lesión parietal reponiendo cortical interna. La paciente no presenta complicaciones posquirúrgicas presentando una evolución favorable. El resultado cosmético posterior fue óptimo. El estudio histológico de la lesión parietal fue no patológico. Se realizó seguimiento clínico de la paciente durante únicamente un año, debido a traslado de domicilio por causas familiares, no presentando datos de recidiva ni molestias en región de intervención.

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[ "NO_NORMALIZABLES" ]

ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico is a NO_NORMALIZABLES

344_task1

Sentence: Paciente mujer de 9 años de edad que a partir de los 3 años presenta protrusión a nivel de la raíz nasal. En el último año, previo al ingreso, se detecta incremento de dicha deformidad, que provoca alteración cosmética y ansiedad con problemas de escolarización. En la exploración física únicamente destaca abultamiento frontal sobre raíz nasal sin dolor a la palpación ni otros datos patológicos relevantes. El estudio con tomografía computarizada (TC) craneal y resonancia magnética (RM) demuestra deformidad del seno frontal, sin ocupación del mismo; paredes del seno de grosor normal. No hallazgos de lesiones intracraneales. Además presenta de manera concomitante lesión parietal derecha compatible con foco de displasia fibrosa. El estudio hormonal revela niveles dentro de la normalidad para la edad. La paciente es intervenida quirúrgicamente, practicándose incisión coronal que deja expuestos hueso frontal y raíz nasal, pudiéndose apreciar un abombamiento del seno frontal. Se realiza multifragmentación y remodelación de la pared anterior del seno conservando su mucosa, utilizando para ello bisturí ultrasónico. Se reconstruye el defecto óseo con malla reabsorbible (ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico). Por otra parte se realiza resección y remodelamiento de la lesión parietal reponiendo cortical interna. La paciente no presenta complicaciones posquirúrgicas presentando una evolución favorable. El resultado cosmético posterior fue óptimo. El estudio histológico de la lesión parietal fue no patológico. Se realizó seguimiento clínico de la paciente durante únicamente un año, debido a traslado de domicilio por causas familiares, no presentando datos de recidiva ni molestias en región de intervención. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico Options: NO_NORMALIZABLES

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Paciente mujer de 9 años de edad que a partir de los 3 años presenta protrusión a nivel de la raíz nasal. En el último año, previo al ingreso, se detecta incremento de dicha deformidad, que provoca alteración cosmética y ansiedad con problemas de escolarización. En la exploración física únicamente destaca abultamiento frontal sobre raíz nasal sin dolor a la palpación ni otros datos patológicos relevantes. El estudio con tomografía computarizada (TC) craneal y resonancia magnética (RM) demuestra deformidad del seno frontal, sin ocupación del mismo; paredes del seno de grosor normal. No hallazgos de lesiones intracraneales. Además presenta de manera concomitante lesión parietal derecha compatible con foco de displasia fibrosa. El estudio hormonal revela niveles dentro de la normalidad para la edad. La paciente es intervenida quirúrgicamente, practicándose incisión coronal que deja expuestos hueso frontal y raíz nasal, pudiéndose apreciar un abombamiento del seno frontal. Se realiza multifragmentación y remodelación de la pared anterior del seno conservando su mucosa, utilizando para ello bisturí ultrasónico. Se reconstruye el defecto óseo con malla reabsorbible (ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico). Por otra parte se realiza resección y remodelamiento de la lesión parietal reponiendo cortical interna. La paciente no presenta complicaciones posquirúrgicas presentando una evolución favorable. El resultado cosmético posterior fue óptimo. El estudio histológico de la lesión parietal fue no patológico. Se realizó seguimiento clínico de la paciente durante únicamente un año, debido a traslado de domicilio por causas familiares, no presentando datos de recidiva ni molestias en región de intervención.

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[ "NO_NORMALIZABLES" ]

ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico

344_task2

Sentence: Paciente mujer de 9 años de edad que a partir de los 3 años presenta protrusión a nivel de la raíz nasal. En el último año, previo al ingreso, se detecta incremento de dicha deformidad, que provoca alteración cosmética y ansiedad con problemas de escolarización. En la exploración física únicamente destaca abultamiento frontal sobre raíz nasal sin dolor a la palpación ni otros datos patológicos relevantes. El estudio con tomografía computarizada (TC) craneal y resonancia magnética (RM) demuestra deformidad del seno frontal, sin ocupación del mismo; paredes del seno de grosor normal. No hallazgos de lesiones intracraneales. Además presenta de manera concomitante lesión parietal derecha compatible con foco de displasia fibrosa. El estudio hormonal revela niveles dentro de la normalidad para la edad. La paciente es intervenida quirúrgicamente, practicándose incisión coronal que deja expuestos hueso frontal y raíz nasal, pudiéndose apreciar un abombamiento del seno frontal. Se realiza multifragmentación y remodelación de la pared anterior del seno conservando su mucosa, utilizando para ello bisturí ultrasónico. Se reconstruye el defecto óseo con malla reabsorbible (ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico). Por otra parte se realiza resección y remodelamiento de la lesión parietal reponiendo cortical interna. La paciente no presenta complicaciones posquirúrgicas presentando una evolución favorable. El resultado cosmético posterior fue óptimo. El estudio histológico de la lesión parietal fue no patológico. Se realizó seguimiento clínico de la paciente durante únicamente un año, debido a traslado de domicilio por causas familiares, no presentando datos de recidiva ni molestias en región de intervención. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Paciente mujer de 9 años de edad que a partir de los 3 años presenta protrusión a nivel de la raíz nasal. En el último año, previo al ingreso, se detecta incremento de dicha deformidad, que provoca alteración cosmética y ansiedad con problemas de escolarización. En la exploración física únicamente destaca abultamiento frontal sobre raíz nasal sin dolor a la palpación ni otros datos patológicos relevantes. El estudio con tomografía computarizada (TC) craneal y resonancia magnética (RM) demuestra deformidad del seno frontal, sin ocupación del mismo; paredes del seno de grosor normal. No hallazgos de lesiones intracraneales. Además presenta de manera concomitante lesión parietal derecha compatible con foco de displasia fibrosa. El estudio hormonal revela niveles dentro de la normalidad para la edad. La paciente es intervenida quirúrgicamente, practicándose incisión coronal que deja expuestos hueso frontal y raíz nasal, pudiéndose apreciar un abombamiento del seno frontal. Se realiza multifragmentación y remodelación de la pared anterior del seno conservando su mucosa, utilizando para ello bisturí ultrasónico. Se reconstruye el defecto óseo con malla reabsorbible (ácidos poliláctico y poliglicólico). Por otra parte se realiza resección y remodelamiento de la lesión parietal reponiendo cortical interna. La paciente no presenta complicaciones posquirúrgicas presentando una evolución favorable. El resultado cosmético posterior fue óptimo. El estudio histológico de la lesión parietal fue no patológico. Se realizó seguimiento clínico de la paciente durante únicamente un año, debido a traslado de domicilio por causas familiares, no presentando datos de recidiva ni molestias en región de intervención.

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[ "NO_NORMALIZABLES" ]

esteroides is a NORMALIZABLES

454_task0

Sentence: Varón de tres años y medio afecto de daño neurológico grave secundario a accidente cerebrovascular agudo (ACV) isquémico perinatal. Acude a consulta con su madre, que nos relata un llanto inusual desde hace unas semanas y la sospecha de que el niño tiene dolor en las manos. Asimismo nos comenta que el niño recibe desde hace unas semanas tratamiento con esteroides orales, pues en el seguimiento de su daño neurológico, al consultar por los síntomas del aparato locomotor, se sospechó artritis crónica idiopática con radiografía normal de manos y muñecas. Es hijo único de padres no consanguíneos. El padre tiende un problema óseo en las muñecas desde la infancia; recuerda haber padecido dolores en las muñecas cuando era niño y nos refiere que no tiene los huesos de las muñecas, que conserva movilidad normal y que no le supone problemas en su profesión de conductor de coches. La exploración física del niño está condicionada por su daño neurológico (emite gritos, sin lenguaje de otro tipo y escucha y atiende cuando se le habla, sonriendo con las caricias); no es capaz de deambulación sin ayuda; una hemiplejia izquierda derivada de su ACV perinatal y los datos propios de espasticidad. La somatometría recoge un perímetro craneal de 46 cm (< P3), una longitud de 104 cm (P25-50) y un peso de 16,5 Kg (P50). Los valores de presión arterial son normales (111/66 mmHg). No se aprecian rasgos dismórficos. Llama la atención el intento repetido del niño de morderse su muñeca derecha. No hay signos inflamatorios y se expresa con gemidos ante la movilización repetida de esa muñeca derecha. No apreciamos afectación de otras articulaciones. El padre tiene una talla de 180 cm, pero su envergadura está reducida a 164 cm. Su mano mide 18,7 cm de longitud (resulta acortada 4 cm para su estatura) con un tercer dedo de 8,3 cm (normal). La radiografía paterna muestra ausencia bilateral del carpo. La radiografía del niño muestra lesiones carpales compatibles con osteólisis carpiana y lesiones en el escafoides tarsiano unilaterales. Solicitamos consulta al servicio de genética donde se estudia y se confirma el diagnóstico de osteólisis multicéntrica carpotarsal de transmisión autosómica dominante sin nefropatía. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: NORMALIZABLES

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Varón de tres años y medio afecto de daño neurológico grave secundario a accidente cerebrovascular agudo (ACV) isquémico perinatal. Acude a consulta con su madre, que nos relata un llanto inusual desde hace unas semanas y la sospecha de que el niño tiene dolor en las manos. Asimismo nos comenta que el niño recibe desde hace unas semanas tratamiento con esteroides orales, pues en el seguimiento de su daño neurológico, al consultar por los síntomas del aparato locomotor, se sospechó artritis crónica idiopática con radiografía normal de manos y muñecas. Es hijo único de padres no consanguíneos. El padre tiende un problema óseo en las muñecas desde la infancia; recuerda haber padecido dolores en las muñecas cuando era niño y nos refiere que no tiene los huesos de las muñecas, que conserva movilidad normal y que no le supone problemas en su profesión de conductor de coches. La exploración física del niño está condicionada por su daño neurológico (emite gritos, sin lenguaje de otro tipo y escucha y atiende cuando se le habla, sonriendo con las caricias); no es capaz de deambulación sin ayuda; una hemiplejia izquierda derivada de su ACV perinatal y los datos propios de espasticidad. La somatometría recoge un perímetro craneal de 46 cm (< P3), una longitud de 104 cm (P25-50) y un peso de 16,5 Kg (P50). Los valores de presión arterial son normales (111/66 mmHg). No se aprecian rasgos dismórficos. Llama la atención el intento repetido del niño de morderse su muñeca derecha. No hay signos inflamatorios y se expresa con gemidos ante la movilización repetida de esa muñeca derecha. No apreciamos afectación de otras articulaciones. El padre tiene una talla de 180 cm, pero su envergadura está reducida a 164 cm. Su mano mide 18,7 cm de longitud (resulta acortada 4 cm para su estatura) con un tercer dedo de 8,3 cm (normal). La radiografía paterna muestra ausencia bilateral del carpo. La radiografía del niño muestra lesiones carpales compatibles con osteólisis carpiana y lesiones en el escafoides tarsiano unilaterales. Solicitamos consulta al servicio de genética donde se estudia y se confirma el diagnóstico de osteólisis multicéntrica carpotarsal de transmisión autosómica dominante sin nefropatía.

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[ "NORMALIZABLES" ]

esteroides is a NORMALIZABLES

454_task1

Sentence: Varón de tres años y medio afecto de daño neurológico grave secundario a accidente cerebrovascular agudo (ACV) isquémico perinatal. Acude a consulta con su madre, que nos relata un llanto inusual desde hace unas semanas y la sospecha de que el niño tiene dolor en las manos. Asimismo nos comenta que el niño recibe desde hace unas semanas tratamiento con esteroides orales, pues en el seguimiento de su daño neurológico, al consultar por los síntomas del aparato locomotor, se sospechó artritis crónica idiopática con radiografía normal de manos y muñecas. Es hijo único de padres no consanguíneos. El padre tiende un problema óseo en las muñecas desde la infancia; recuerda haber padecido dolores en las muñecas cuando era niño y nos refiere que no tiene los huesos de las muñecas, que conserva movilidad normal y que no le supone problemas en su profesión de conductor de coches. La exploración física del niño está condicionada por su daño neurológico (emite gritos, sin lenguaje de otro tipo y escucha y atiende cuando se le habla, sonriendo con las caricias); no es capaz de deambulación sin ayuda; una hemiplejia izquierda derivada de su ACV perinatal y los datos propios de espasticidad. La somatometría recoge un perímetro craneal de 46 cm (< P3), una longitud de 104 cm (P25-50) y un peso de 16,5 Kg (P50). Los valores de presión arterial son normales (111/66 mmHg). No se aprecian rasgos dismórficos. Llama la atención el intento repetido del niño de morderse su muñeca derecha. No hay signos inflamatorios y se expresa con gemidos ante la movilización repetida de esa muñeca derecha. No apreciamos afectación de otras articulaciones. El padre tiene una talla de 180 cm, pero su envergadura está reducida a 164 cm. Su mano mide 18,7 cm de longitud (resulta acortada 4 cm para su estatura) con un tercer dedo de 8,3 cm (normal). La radiografía paterna muestra ausencia bilateral del carpo. La radiografía del niño muestra lesiones carpales compatibles con osteólisis carpiana y lesiones en el escafoides tarsiano unilaterales. Solicitamos consulta al servicio de genética donde se estudia y se confirma el diagnóstico de osteólisis multicéntrica carpotarsal de transmisión autosómica dominante sin nefropatía. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: esteroides Options: NORMALIZABLES

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Varón de tres años y medio afecto de daño neurológico grave secundario a accidente cerebrovascular agudo (ACV) isquémico perinatal. Acude a consulta con su madre, que nos relata un llanto inusual desde hace unas semanas y la sospecha de que el niño tiene dolor en las manos. Asimismo nos comenta que el niño recibe desde hace unas semanas tratamiento con esteroides orales, pues en el seguimiento de su daño neurológico, al consultar por los síntomas del aparato locomotor, se sospechó artritis crónica idiopática con radiografía normal de manos y muñecas. Es hijo único de padres no consanguíneos. El padre tiende un problema óseo en las muñecas desde la infancia; recuerda haber padecido dolores en las muñecas cuando era niño y nos refiere que no tiene los huesos de las muñecas, que conserva movilidad normal y que no le supone problemas en su profesión de conductor de coches. La exploración física del niño está condicionada por su daño neurológico (emite gritos, sin lenguaje de otro tipo y escucha y atiende cuando se le habla, sonriendo con las caricias); no es capaz de deambulación sin ayuda; una hemiplejia izquierda derivada de su ACV perinatal y los datos propios de espasticidad. La somatometría recoge un perímetro craneal de 46 cm (< P3), una longitud de 104 cm (P25-50) y un peso de 16,5 Kg (P50). Los valores de presión arterial son normales (111/66 mmHg). No se aprecian rasgos dismórficos. Llama la atención el intento repetido del niño de morderse su muñeca derecha. No hay signos inflamatorios y se expresa con gemidos ante la movilización repetida de esa muñeca derecha. No apreciamos afectación de otras articulaciones. El padre tiene una talla de 180 cm, pero su envergadura está reducida a 164 cm. Su mano mide 18,7 cm de longitud (resulta acortada 4 cm para su estatura) con un tercer dedo de 8,3 cm (normal). La radiografía paterna muestra ausencia bilateral del carpo. La radiografía del niño muestra lesiones carpales compatibles con osteólisis carpiana y lesiones en el escafoides tarsiano unilaterales. Solicitamos consulta al servicio de genética donde se estudia y se confirma el diagnóstico de osteólisis multicéntrica carpotarsal de transmisión autosómica dominante sin nefropatía.

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[ "NORMALIZABLES" ]

esteroides

454_task2

Sentence: Varón de tres años y medio afecto de daño neurológico grave secundario a accidente cerebrovascular agudo (ACV) isquémico perinatal. Acude a consulta con su madre, que nos relata un llanto inusual desde hace unas semanas y la sospecha de que el niño tiene dolor en las manos. Asimismo nos comenta que el niño recibe desde hace unas semanas tratamiento con esteroides orales, pues en el seguimiento de su daño neurológico, al consultar por los síntomas del aparato locomotor, se sospechó artritis crónica idiopática con radiografía normal de manos y muñecas. Es hijo único de padres no consanguíneos. El padre tiende un problema óseo en las muñecas desde la infancia; recuerda haber padecido dolores en las muñecas cuando era niño y nos refiere que no tiene los huesos de las muñecas, que conserva movilidad normal y que no le supone problemas en su profesión de conductor de coches. La exploración física del niño está condicionada por su daño neurológico (emite gritos, sin lenguaje de otro tipo y escucha y atiende cuando se le habla, sonriendo con las caricias); no es capaz de deambulación sin ayuda; una hemiplejia izquierda derivada de su ACV perinatal y los datos propios de espasticidad. La somatometría recoge un perímetro craneal de 46 cm (< P3), una longitud de 104 cm (P25-50) y un peso de 16,5 Kg (P50). Los valores de presión arterial son normales (111/66 mmHg). No se aprecian rasgos dismórficos. Llama la atención el intento repetido del niño de morderse su muñeca derecha. No hay signos inflamatorios y se expresa con gemidos ante la movilización repetida de esa muñeca derecha. No apreciamos afectación de otras articulaciones. El padre tiene una talla de 180 cm, pero su envergadura está reducida a 164 cm. Su mano mide 18,7 cm de longitud (resulta acortada 4 cm para su estatura) con un tercer dedo de 8,3 cm (normal). La radiografía paterna muestra ausencia bilateral del carpo. La radiografía del niño muestra lesiones carpales compatibles con osteólisis carpiana y lesiones en el escafoides tarsiano unilaterales. Solicitamos consulta al servicio de genética donde se estudia y se confirma el diagnóstico de osteólisis multicéntrica carpotarsal de transmisión autosómica dominante sin nefropatía. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Varón de tres años y medio afecto de daño neurológico grave secundario a accidente cerebrovascular agudo (ACV) isquémico perinatal. Acude a consulta con su madre, que nos relata un llanto inusual desde hace unas semanas y la sospecha de que el niño tiene dolor en las manos. Asimismo nos comenta que el niño recibe desde hace unas semanas tratamiento con esteroides orales, pues en el seguimiento de su daño neurológico, al consultar por los síntomas del aparato locomotor, se sospechó artritis crónica idiopática con radiografía normal de manos y muñecas. Es hijo único de padres no consanguíneos. El padre tiende un problema óseo en las muñecas desde la infancia; recuerda haber padecido dolores en las muñecas cuando era niño y nos refiere que no tiene los huesos de las muñecas, que conserva movilidad normal y que no le supone problemas en su profesión de conductor de coches. La exploración física del niño está condicionada por su daño neurológico (emite gritos, sin lenguaje de otro tipo y escucha y atiende cuando se le habla, sonriendo con las caricias); no es capaz de deambulación sin ayuda; una hemiplejia izquierda derivada de su ACV perinatal y los datos propios de espasticidad. La somatometría recoge un perímetro craneal de 46 cm (< P3), una longitud de 104 cm (P25-50) y un peso de 16,5 Kg (P50). Los valores de presión arterial son normales (111/66 mmHg). No se aprecian rasgos dismórficos. Llama la atención el intento repetido del niño de morderse su muñeca derecha. No hay signos inflamatorios y se expresa con gemidos ante la movilización repetida de esa muñeca derecha. No apreciamos afectación de otras articulaciones. El padre tiene una talla de 180 cm, pero su envergadura está reducida a 164 cm. Su mano mide 18,7 cm de longitud (resulta acortada 4 cm para su estatura) con un tercer dedo de 8,3 cm (normal). La radiografía paterna muestra ausencia bilateral del carpo. La radiografía del niño muestra lesiones carpales compatibles con osteólisis carpiana y lesiones en el escafoides tarsiano unilaterales. Solicitamos consulta al servicio de genética donde se estudia y se confirma el diagnóstico de osteólisis multicéntrica carpotarsal de transmisión autosómica dominante sin nefropatía.

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[ "NORMALIZABLES" ]

cáncer is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesión lítica L4-L5 is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesión supra - acetabular cadera is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metastásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, cáncer is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesión costal izquierda ( partes blandas ) is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoración is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, carcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, células tumorales is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, cáncer de mama metastásico is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, cáncer is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metastásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones pulmonares is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones blásticas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoformación is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis de carcinoma ductal is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, carcinoma de células cromófobas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis de carcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumor is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA

649_task0

Sentence: Anamnesis Mujer de 54 años, sin alergias medicamentosas conocidas, ni antecedentes familiares de interés. Como antecedente personal destaca el diagnóstico de cáncer de mama HER2+ en 2002 que se intervino mediante cuadrantectomía más linfadenectomía, tras lo que recibió tratamiento adyuvante con radioterapia y quimioterapia. El esquema quimioterápico empleado incluyó Ttastuzumab según protocolo de Ensayo Clínico realizado en otro centro, por lo que desconocen más datos al respecto. La paciente consulta por dolor en la cadera izquierda de meses de evolución, que incrementaba con la deambulación refractario a analgesia de primer escalón. Negaba otra clínica añadida. Exploración física Performance Status 0. Superficie corporal (SC), 1,59 m2. No se palpaban adenopatías en los distintos niveles ganglionares. A la exploración músculo-esquelética, presentaba dolor a la presión en columna lumbar (L4-L5) y cadera izquierda; movilidad de cadera dentro de normalidad; movilidad de columna limitada por dolor. El resto de exploración fue normal. Pruebas complementarias » Se realizó radiografía de columna lumbar y radiografía de caderas donde se observan lesión lítica L4-L5 y lesión supra-acetabular cadera izquierda confirmadas en RM. Se realiza PET-TC que sugiere afectación metastásica a nivel ganglionar, pulmonar y óseo. Se objetiva además una masa renal derecha de dudosa etiología, no hipermetabólica. Analíticamente, destacaba Ca 15.3 391 U/mL. El resto de parámetros, dentro de la normalidad. » Con estas pruebas complementarias, se sospecha una recidiva del cáncer de mama del que se trató años atrás, tras 12 años de intervalo libre de progresión. » Para completar el estudio se solicita una punción con aguja fina (PAAF) de la lesión más accesible, que finalmente se obtiene de la lesión costal izquierda (partes blandas) guiada por TC. Además, se solicita ecocardiograma que muestra fracción de eyección (FEVI) 60%. Diagnóstico El resultado anatomopatológico del cilindro obtenido por PAAF informa de tejido constituido por tumoración que crece formando nidos y glándulas tapizadas por células de núcleo grande y nucléolos prominentes. Dichas células expresan receptores de estrógenos, CK-19 y GCDFP 15. Los receptores de progesterona y CDX 2 son negativos. Los hallazgos histopatológicos son compatibles con infiltración por carcinoma de mama. El material analizado muestra amplificación del gen HER2-Neu en las células tumorales. El resultado se obtiene mediante protocolo FISH HER2-/Neu (17q12) y cen17, con un ratio > 2. Este hallazgo tendrá repercusiones en cuanto a alternativas de tratamiento y pronóstico para nuestra paciente. Tratamiento La paciente se valora en nuestras consultas en octubre de 2014. En el mes de septiembre, se publicó en el Congreso de la Sociedad Europea de Oncología Médica (ESMO) los datos de supervivencia global del estudio pivotal CLEOPATRA5, un ensayo clínico fase III, aleatorizado, doble ciego, controlado con placebo y multicéntrico, que evalúa la eficacia y seguridad de pertuzumab en combinación con trastuzumab y docetaxel en primera línea de tratamiento de cáncer de mama metastásico HER-2+. En este ensayo clínico se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de mama avanzado HER-2+, que no hubieran sido tratadas previamente con quimioterapia ni con terapias biológicas para la enfermedad metastásica, con estado general de salud aceptable, función cardíaca normal, sin metástasis cerebrales y en los que hubiera transcurrido al menos 12 meses desde el tratamiento adyuvante. El esquema empleado en la rama experimental fue pertuzumab, dosis de carga (DC) 840 mg y dosis de mantenimiento (DM) 420 mg, trastuzumab (DC) 8 mg/kg y (DM) 6 mg/kg y al menos 6 ciclos de docetaxel (75 mg/m2) en la primera dosis y, si esta era bien tolerada, se aumentaba a 100 mg/m2. Nuestra paciente cumplía todos criterios de inclusión y ninguno de exclusión que se tuvieron en cuenta para la realización del estudio, por lo que se le propone esquema de tratamiento según estudio CLEOPATRA. Evolución Entre el 31 de octubre y el 30 de diciembre se pautan 4 ciclos de tratamiento, que la paciente realiza con buena tolerancia; como única toxicidad destacable se describe mucositis grado 1. Durante el seguimiento, se realizan ecocardiogramas de control, debido a la posible toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento, no viéndose esta afectada. La evolución del marcador tumoral CA-15.3 es descendente hasta la normalización, concordando con la buena respuesta obtenida en el TC de control. Tras cuatro ciclos, por lo tanto, se realiza TC toraco-abdominal de reevaluación con los siguientes hallazgos: "Buena evolución radiológica de las lesiones pulmonares observando disminución significativa en el número y tamaño de los nódulos visibles en TC previo. En la imagen actual, el nódulo de mayor tamaño mide 16 mm de diámetro máximo. La lesión localizada en octavo arco costal izquierdo muestra una disminución de tamaño a expensas de su diámetro transverso y un aumento difuso de su densidad sugestivo de calcificación; persisten lesiones blásticas difusas óseas a distintos niveles". Se describe además, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón derecho de 40 x 40 mm sólida y de densidad heterogénea compatible con neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis, ya visible en TC y PET-TC previo sin cambios significativos en tamaño. Ante esta evolución, se presenta el caso en el Comité de Tumores Genitourinarios para decidir actitud a seguir con respecto a la neoformación renal. Dada la situación actual, revisamos de nuevo la bibliografía publicada para presentar datos pronósticos en nuestra paciente, que contribuyan a la posible decisión por el comité. Los resultados en el último análisis centrado en evaluación de supervivencia del estudio CLEOPATRA presentan unas curvas de Kaplan-Meier de la supervivencia global (SG) de una separación precoz entre rama experimental y rama control que se mantenía a lo largo del tiempo. La mediana de SG fue de 56,5 meses (IC 95%) para la rama de pertuzumab (HR = 0,68; IC 95%: 0,56-0,84; p < 0,001), lo que supone una mejora significativa del pronóstico en estas pacientes. Finalmente, tras exponer el caso, se decide en Comité Interdisciplinar, se realiza una nefrectomía derecha laparoscópica. La intervención se realizó sin incidencias tras pautar el 6.º ciclo de quimioterapia. Macroscópicamente, en la pieza de resección quirúrgica se objetiva lesión nodular, bien delimitada, marrón clara con áreas de coloración marrón-rojizo, de 4,5 x 3,5 cm. El diagnóstico fue de metástasis de carcinoma ductal de mama sobre carcinoma de células cromófobas de riñón de 4.5 cm, limitado a parénquima renal, sin afectación de tejido adiposo peri-renal ni estructuras del seno. El estudio inmunohistoquímico de la metástasis de carcinoma de mama expresa 40% de receptores de estrógenos, receptores de progesterona negativo. Ki-67: 40%, GCDFP15: positivo; mamaglobina: positivo; muestra amplificación del gen HER-2 por FISH. La inmuno-histoquímica coincide con tumor primario mamario. La paciente continúa tratamiento oncológico activo con el mismo esquema de tratamiento ante la buena tolerancia y la respuesta parcial de la enfermedad según criterios RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors), habiendo realizado 8 ciclos hasta la actualidad. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA

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Anamnesis Mujer de 54 años, sin alergias medicamentosas conocidas, ni antecedentes familiares de interés. Como antecedente personal destaca el diagnóstico de cáncer de mama HER2+ en 2002 que se intervino mediante cuadrantectomía más linfadenectomía, tras lo que recibió tratamiento adyuvante con radioterapia y quimioterapia. El esquema quimioterápico empleado incluyó Ttastuzumab según protocolo de Ensayo Clínico realizado en otro centro, por lo que desconocen más datos al respecto. La paciente consulta por dolor en la cadera izquierda de meses de evolución, que incrementaba con la deambulación refractario a analgesia de primer escalón. Negaba otra clínica añadida. Exploración física Performance Status 0. Superficie corporal (SC), 1,59 m2. No se palpaban adenopatías en los distintos niveles ganglionares. A la exploración músculo-esquelética, presentaba dolor a la presión en columna lumbar (L4-L5) y cadera izquierda; movilidad de cadera dentro de normalidad; movilidad de columna limitada por dolor. El resto de exploración fue normal. Pruebas complementarias » Se realizó radiografía de columna lumbar y radiografía de caderas donde se observan lesión lítica L4-L5 y lesión supra-acetabular cadera izquierda confirmadas en RM. Se realiza PET-TC que sugiere afectación metastásica a nivel ganglionar, pulmonar y óseo. Se objetiva además una masa renal derecha de dudosa etiología, no hipermetabólica. Analíticamente, destacaba Ca 15.3 391 U/mL. El resto de parámetros, dentro de la normalidad. » Con estas pruebas complementarias, se sospecha una recidiva del cáncer de mama del que se trató años atrás, tras 12 años de intervalo libre de progresión. » Para completar el estudio se solicita una punción con aguja fina (PAAF) de la lesión más accesible, que finalmente se obtiene de la lesión costal izquierda (partes blandas) guiada por TC. Además, se solicita ecocardiograma que muestra fracción de eyección (FEVI) 60%. Diagnóstico El resultado anatomopatológico del cilindro obtenido por PAAF informa de tejido constituido por tumoración que crece formando nidos y glándulas tapizadas por células de núcleo grande y nucléolos prominentes. Dichas células expresan receptores de estrógenos, CK-19 y GCDFP 15. Los receptores de progesterona y CDX 2 son negativos. Los hallazgos histopatológicos son compatibles con infiltración por carcinoma de mama. El material analizado muestra amplificación del gen HER2-Neu en las células tumorales. El resultado se obtiene mediante protocolo FISH HER2-/Neu (17q12) y cen17, con un ratio > 2. Este hallazgo tendrá repercusiones en cuanto a alternativas de tratamiento y pronóstico para nuestra paciente. Tratamiento La paciente se valora en nuestras consultas en octubre de 2014. En el mes de septiembre, se publicó en el Congreso de la Sociedad Europea de Oncología Médica (ESMO) los datos de supervivencia global del estudio pivotal CLEOPATRA5, un ensayo clínico fase III, aleatorizado, doble ciego, controlado con placebo y multicéntrico, que evalúa la eficacia y seguridad de pertuzumab en combinación con trastuzumab y docetaxel en primera línea de tratamiento de cáncer de mama metastásico HER-2+. En este ensayo clínico se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de mama avanzado HER-2+, que no hubieran sido tratadas previamente con quimioterapia ni con terapias biológicas para la enfermedad metastásica, con estado general de salud aceptable, función cardíaca normal, sin metástasis cerebrales y en los que hubiera transcurrido al menos 12 meses desde el tratamiento adyuvante. El esquema empleado en la rama experimental fue pertuzumab, dosis de carga (DC) 840 mg y dosis de mantenimiento (DM) 420 mg, trastuzumab (DC) 8 mg/kg y (DM) 6 mg/kg y al menos 6 ciclos de docetaxel (75 mg/m2) en la primera dosis y, si esta era bien tolerada, se aumentaba a 100 mg/m2. Nuestra paciente cumplía todos criterios de inclusión y ninguno de exclusión que se tuvieron en cuenta para la realización del estudio, por lo que se le propone esquema de tratamiento según estudio CLEOPATRA. Evolución Entre el 31 de octubre y el 30 de diciembre se pautan 4 ciclos de tratamiento, que la paciente realiza con buena tolerancia; como única toxicidad destacable se describe mucositis grado 1. Durante el seguimiento, se realizan ecocardiogramas de control, debido a la posible toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento, no viéndose esta afectada. La evolución del marcador tumoral CA-15.3 es descendente hasta la normalización, concordando con la buena respuesta obtenida en el TC de control. Tras cuatro ciclos, por lo tanto, se realiza TC toraco-abdominal de reevaluación con los siguientes hallazgos: "Buena evolución radiológica de las lesiones pulmonares observando disminución significativa en el número y tamaño de los nódulos visibles en TC previo. En la imagen actual, el nódulo de mayor tamaño mide 16 mm de diámetro máximo. La lesión localizada en octavo arco costal izquierdo muestra una disminución de tamaño a expensas de su diámetro transverso y un aumento difuso de su densidad sugestivo de calcificación; persisten lesiones blásticas difusas óseas a distintos niveles". Se describe además, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón derecho de 40 x 40 mm sólida y de densidad heterogénea compatible con neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis, ya visible en TC y PET-TC previo sin cambios significativos en tamaño. Ante esta evolución, se presenta el caso en el Comité de Tumores Genitourinarios para decidir actitud a seguir con respecto a la neoformación renal. Dada la situación actual, revisamos de nuevo la bibliografía publicada para presentar datos pronósticos en nuestra paciente, que contribuyan a la posible decisión por el comité. Los resultados en el último análisis centrado en evaluación de supervivencia del estudio CLEOPATRA presentan unas curvas de Kaplan-Meier de la supervivencia global (SG) de una separación precoz entre rama experimental y rama control que se mantenía a lo largo del tiempo. La mediana de SG fue de 56,5 meses (IC 95%) para la rama de pertuzumab (HR = 0,68; IC 95%: 0,56-0,84; p < 0,001), lo que supone una mejora significativa del pronóstico en estas pacientes. Finalmente, tras exponer el caso, se decide en Comité Interdisciplinar, se realiza una nefrectomía derecha laparoscópica. La intervención se realizó sin incidencias tras pautar el 6.º ciclo de quimioterapia. Macroscópicamente, en la pieza de resección quirúrgica se objetiva lesión nodular, bien delimitada, marrón clara con áreas de coloración marrón-rojizo, de 4,5 x 3,5 cm. El diagnóstico fue de metástasis de carcinoma ductal de mama sobre carcinoma de células cromófobas de riñón de 4.5 cm, limitado a parénquima renal, sin afectación de tejido adiposo peri-renal ni estructuras del seno. El estudio inmunohistoquímico de la metástasis de carcinoma de mama expresa 40% de receptores de estrógenos, receptores de progesterona negativo. Ki-67: 40%, GCDFP15: positivo; mamaglobina: positivo; muestra amplificación del gen HER-2 por FISH. La inmuno-histoquímica coincide con tumor primario mamario. La paciente continúa tratamiento oncológico activo con el mismo esquema de tratamiento ante la buena tolerancia y la respuesta parcial de la enfermedad según criterios RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors), habiendo realizado 8 ciclos hasta la actualidad.

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[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]

cáncer is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesión lítica L4-L5 is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesión supra - acetabular cadera is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metastásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, cáncer is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesión costal izquierda ( partes blandas ) is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoración is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, carcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, células tumorales is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, cáncer de mama metastásico is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, cáncer is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metastásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones pulmonares is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones blásticas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoformación is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis de carcinoma ductal is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, carcinoma de células cromófobas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis de carcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumor is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA

649_task1

Sentence: Anamnesis Mujer de 54 años, sin alergias medicamentosas conocidas, ni antecedentes familiares de interés. Como antecedente personal destaca el diagnóstico de cáncer de mama HER2+ en 2002 que se intervino mediante cuadrantectomía más linfadenectomía, tras lo que recibió tratamiento adyuvante con radioterapia y quimioterapia. El esquema quimioterápico empleado incluyó Ttastuzumab según protocolo de Ensayo Clínico realizado en otro centro, por lo que desconocen más datos al respecto. La paciente consulta por dolor en la cadera izquierda de meses de evolución, que incrementaba con la deambulación refractario a analgesia de primer escalón. Negaba otra clínica añadida. Exploración física Performance Status 0. Superficie corporal (SC), 1,59 m2. No se palpaban adenopatías en los distintos niveles ganglionares. A la exploración músculo-esquelética, presentaba dolor a la presión en columna lumbar (L4-L5) y cadera izquierda; movilidad de cadera dentro de normalidad; movilidad de columna limitada por dolor. El resto de exploración fue normal. Pruebas complementarias » Se realizó radiografía de columna lumbar y radiografía de caderas donde se observan lesión lítica L4-L5 y lesión supra-acetabular cadera izquierda confirmadas en RM. Se realiza PET-TC que sugiere afectación metastásica a nivel ganglionar, pulmonar y óseo. Se objetiva además una masa renal derecha de dudosa etiología, no hipermetabólica. Analíticamente, destacaba Ca 15.3 391 U/mL. El resto de parámetros, dentro de la normalidad. » Con estas pruebas complementarias, se sospecha una recidiva del cáncer de mama del que se trató años atrás, tras 12 años de intervalo libre de progresión. » Para completar el estudio se solicita una punción con aguja fina (PAAF) de la lesión más accesible, que finalmente se obtiene de la lesión costal izquierda (partes blandas) guiada por TC. Además, se solicita ecocardiograma que muestra fracción de eyección (FEVI) 60%. Diagnóstico El resultado anatomopatológico del cilindro obtenido por PAAF informa de tejido constituido por tumoración que crece formando nidos y glándulas tapizadas por células de núcleo grande y nucléolos prominentes. Dichas células expresan receptores de estrógenos, CK-19 y GCDFP 15. Los receptores de progesterona y CDX 2 son negativos. Los hallazgos histopatológicos son compatibles con infiltración por carcinoma de mama. El material analizado muestra amplificación del gen HER2-Neu en las células tumorales. El resultado se obtiene mediante protocolo FISH HER2-/Neu (17q12) y cen17, con un ratio > 2. Este hallazgo tendrá repercusiones en cuanto a alternativas de tratamiento y pronóstico para nuestra paciente. Tratamiento La paciente se valora en nuestras consultas en octubre de 2014. En el mes de septiembre, se publicó en el Congreso de la Sociedad Europea de Oncología Médica (ESMO) los datos de supervivencia global del estudio pivotal CLEOPATRA5, un ensayo clínico fase III, aleatorizado, doble ciego, controlado con placebo y multicéntrico, que evalúa la eficacia y seguridad de pertuzumab en combinación con trastuzumab y docetaxel en primera línea de tratamiento de cáncer de mama metastásico HER-2+. En este ensayo clínico se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de mama avanzado HER-2+, que no hubieran sido tratadas previamente con quimioterapia ni con terapias biológicas para la enfermedad metastásica, con estado general de salud aceptable, función cardíaca normal, sin metástasis cerebrales y en los que hubiera transcurrido al menos 12 meses desde el tratamiento adyuvante. El esquema empleado en la rama experimental fue pertuzumab, dosis de carga (DC) 840 mg y dosis de mantenimiento (DM) 420 mg, trastuzumab (DC) 8 mg/kg y (DM) 6 mg/kg y al menos 6 ciclos de docetaxel (75 mg/m2) en la primera dosis y, si esta era bien tolerada, se aumentaba a 100 mg/m2. Nuestra paciente cumplía todos criterios de inclusión y ninguno de exclusión que se tuvieron en cuenta para la realización del estudio, por lo que se le propone esquema de tratamiento según estudio CLEOPATRA. Evolución Entre el 31 de octubre y el 30 de diciembre se pautan 4 ciclos de tratamiento, que la paciente realiza con buena tolerancia; como única toxicidad destacable se describe mucositis grado 1. Durante el seguimiento, se realizan ecocardiogramas de control, debido a la posible toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento, no viéndose esta afectada. La evolución del marcador tumoral CA-15.3 es descendente hasta la normalización, concordando con la buena respuesta obtenida en el TC de control. Tras cuatro ciclos, por lo tanto, se realiza TC toraco-abdominal de reevaluación con los siguientes hallazgos: "Buena evolución radiológica de las lesiones pulmonares observando disminución significativa en el número y tamaño de los nódulos visibles en TC previo. En la imagen actual, el nódulo de mayor tamaño mide 16 mm de diámetro máximo. La lesión localizada en octavo arco costal izquierdo muestra una disminución de tamaño a expensas de su diámetro transverso y un aumento difuso de su densidad sugestivo de calcificación; persisten lesiones blásticas difusas óseas a distintos niveles". Se describe además, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón derecho de 40 x 40 mm sólida y de densidad heterogénea compatible con neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis, ya visible en TC y PET-TC previo sin cambios significativos en tamaño. Ante esta evolución, se presenta el caso en el Comité de Tumores Genitourinarios para decidir actitud a seguir con respecto a la neoformación renal. Dada la situación actual, revisamos de nuevo la bibliografía publicada para presentar datos pronósticos en nuestra paciente, que contribuyan a la posible decisión por el comité. Los resultados en el último análisis centrado en evaluación de supervivencia del estudio CLEOPATRA presentan unas curvas de Kaplan-Meier de la supervivencia global (SG) de una separación precoz entre rama experimental y rama control que se mantenía a lo largo del tiempo. La mediana de SG fue de 56,5 meses (IC 95%) para la rama de pertuzumab (HR = 0,68; IC 95%: 0,56-0,84; p < 0,001), lo que supone una mejora significativa del pronóstico en estas pacientes. Finalmente, tras exponer el caso, se decide en Comité Interdisciplinar, se realiza una nefrectomía derecha laparoscópica. La intervención se realizó sin incidencias tras pautar el 6.º ciclo de quimioterapia. Macroscópicamente, en la pieza de resección quirúrgica se objetiva lesión nodular, bien delimitada, marrón clara con áreas de coloración marrón-rojizo, de 4,5 x 3,5 cm. El diagnóstico fue de metástasis de carcinoma ductal de mama sobre carcinoma de células cromófobas de riñón de 4.5 cm, limitado a parénquima renal, sin afectación de tejido adiposo peri-renal ni estructuras del seno. El estudio inmunohistoquímico de la metástasis de carcinoma de mama expresa 40% de receptores de estrógenos, receptores de progesterona negativo. Ki-67: 40%, GCDFP15: positivo; mamaglobina: positivo; muestra amplificación del gen HER-2 por FISH. La inmuno-histoquímica coincide con tumor primario mamario. La paciente continúa tratamiento oncológico activo con el mismo esquema de tratamiento ante la buena tolerancia y la respuesta parcial de la enfermedad según criterios RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors), habiendo realizado 8 ciclos hasta la actualidad. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cáncer, lesión lítica L4-L5, lesión supra - acetabular cadera, metastásica, cáncer, lesión costal izquierda ( partes blandas ), tumoración, carcinoma, células tumorales, cáncer de mama metastásico, cáncer, metastásica, metástasis, lesiones pulmonares, lesiones blásticas, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón, neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis, neoformación, metástasis de carcinoma ductal, carcinoma de células cromófobas, metástasis de carcinoma, tumor Options: MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA

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Anamnesis Mujer de 54 años, sin alergias medicamentosas conocidas, ni antecedentes familiares de interés. Como antecedente personal destaca el diagnóstico de cáncer de mama HER2+ en 2002 que se intervino mediante cuadrantectomía más linfadenectomía, tras lo que recibió tratamiento adyuvante con radioterapia y quimioterapia. El esquema quimioterápico empleado incluyó Ttastuzumab según protocolo de Ensayo Clínico realizado en otro centro, por lo que desconocen más datos al respecto. La paciente consulta por dolor en la cadera izquierda de meses de evolución, que incrementaba con la deambulación refractario a analgesia de primer escalón. Negaba otra clínica añadida. Exploración física Performance Status 0. Superficie corporal (SC), 1,59 m2. No se palpaban adenopatías en los distintos niveles ganglionares. A la exploración músculo-esquelética, presentaba dolor a la presión en columna lumbar (L4-L5) y cadera izquierda; movilidad de cadera dentro de normalidad; movilidad de columna limitada por dolor. El resto de exploración fue normal. Pruebas complementarias » Se realizó radiografía de columna lumbar y radiografía de caderas donde se observan lesión lítica L4-L5 y lesión supra-acetabular cadera izquierda confirmadas en RM. Se realiza PET-TC que sugiere afectación metastásica a nivel ganglionar, pulmonar y óseo. Se objetiva además una masa renal derecha de dudosa etiología, no hipermetabólica. Analíticamente, destacaba Ca 15.3 391 U/mL. El resto de parámetros, dentro de la normalidad. » Con estas pruebas complementarias, se sospecha una recidiva del cáncer de mama del que se trató años atrás, tras 12 años de intervalo libre de progresión. » Para completar el estudio se solicita una punción con aguja fina (PAAF) de la lesión más accesible, que finalmente se obtiene de la lesión costal izquierda (partes blandas) guiada por TC. Además, se solicita ecocardiograma que muestra fracción de eyección (FEVI) 60%. Diagnóstico El resultado anatomopatológico del cilindro obtenido por PAAF informa de tejido constituido por tumoración que crece formando nidos y glándulas tapizadas por células de núcleo grande y nucléolos prominentes. Dichas células expresan receptores de estrógenos, CK-19 y GCDFP 15. Los receptores de progesterona y CDX 2 son negativos. Los hallazgos histopatológicos son compatibles con infiltración por carcinoma de mama. El material analizado muestra amplificación del gen HER2-Neu en las células tumorales. El resultado se obtiene mediante protocolo FISH HER2-/Neu (17q12) y cen17, con un ratio > 2. Este hallazgo tendrá repercusiones en cuanto a alternativas de tratamiento y pronóstico para nuestra paciente. Tratamiento La paciente se valora en nuestras consultas en octubre de 2014. En el mes de septiembre, se publicó en el Congreso de la Sociedad Europea de Oncología Médica (ESMO) los datos de supervivencia global del estudio pivotal CLEOPATRA5, un ensayo clínico fase III, aleatorizado, doble ciego, controlado con placebo y multicéntrico, que evalúa la eficacia y seguridad de pertuzumab en combinación con trastuzumab y docetaxel en primera línea de tratamiento de cáncer de mama metastásico HER-2+. En este ensayo clínico se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de mama avanzado HER-2+, que no hubieran sido tratadas previamente con quimioterapia ni con terapias biológicas para la enfermedad metastásica, con estado general de salud aceptable, función cardíaca normal, sin metástasis cerebrales y en los que hubiera transcurrido al menos 12 meses desde el tratamiento adyuvante. El esquema empleado en la rama experimental fue pertuzumab, dosis de carga (DC) 840 mg y dosis de mantenimiento (DM) 420 mg, trastuzumab (DC) 8 mg/kg y (DM) 6 mg/kg y al menos 6 ciclos de docetaxel (75 mg/m2) en la primera dosis y, si esta era bien tolerada, se aumentaba a 100 mg/m2. Nuestra paciente cumplía todos criterios de inclusión y ninguno de exclusión que se tuvieron en cuenta para la realización del estudio, por lo que se le propone esquema de tratamiento según estudio CLEOPATRA. Evolución Entre el 31 de octubre y el 30 de diciembre se pautan 4 ciclos de tratamiento, que la paciente realiza con buena tolerancia; como única toxicidad destacable se describe mucositis grado 1. Durante el seguimiento, se realizan ecocardiogramas de control, debido a la posible toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento, no viéndose esta afectada. La evolución del marcador tumoral CA-15.3 es descendente hasta la normalización, concordando con la buena respuesta obtenida en el TC de control. Tras cuatro ciclos, por lo tanto, se realiza TC toraco-abdominal de reevaluación con los siguientes hallazgos: "Buena evolución radiológica de las lesiones pulmonares observando disminución significativa en el número y tamaño de los nódulos visibles en TC previo. En la imagen actual, el nódulo de mayor tamaño mide 16 mm de diámetro máximo. La lesión localizada en octavo arco costal izquierdo muestra una disminución de tamaño a expensas de su diámetro transverso y un aumento difuso de su densidad sugestivo de calcificación; persisten lesiones blásticas difusas óseas a distintos niveles". Se describe además, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón derecho de 40 x 40 mm sólida y de densidad heterogénea compatible con neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis, ya visible en TC y PET-TC previo sin cambios significativos en tamaño. Ante esta evolución, se presenta el caso en el Comité de Tumores Genitourinarios para decidir actitud a seguir con respecto a la neoformación renal. Dada la situación actual, revisamos de nuevo la bibliografía publicada para presentar datos pronósticos en nuestra paciente, que contribuyan a la posible decisión por el comité. Los resultados en el último análisis centrado en evaluación de supervivencia del estudio CLEOPATRA presentan unas curvas de Kaplan-Meier de la supervivencia global (SG) de una separación precoz entre rama experimental y rama control que se mantenía a lo largo del tiempo. La mediana de SG fue de 56,5 meses (IC 95%) para la rama de pertuzumab (HR = 0,68; IC 95%: 0,56-0,84; p < 0,001), lo que supone una mejora significativa del pronóstico en estas pacientes. Finalmente, tras exponer el caso, se decide en Comité Interdisciplinar, se realiza una nefrectomía derecha laparoscópica. La intervención se realizó sin incidencias tras pautar el 6.º ciclo de quimioterapia. Macroscópicamente, en la pieza de resección quirúrgica se objetiva lesión nodular, bien delimitada, marrón clara con áreas de coloración marrón-rojizo, de 4,5 x 3,5 cm. El diagnóstico fue de metástasis de carcinoma ductal de mama sobre carcinoma de células cromófobas de riñón de 4.5 cm, limitado a parénquima renal, sin afectación de tejido adiposo peri-renal ni estructuras del seno. El estudio inmunohistoquímico de la metástasis de carcinoma de mama expresa 40% de receptores de estrógenos, receptores de progesterona negativo. Ki-67: 40%, GCDFP15: positivo; mamaglobina: positivo; muestra amplificación del gen HER-2 por FISH. La inmuno-histoquímica coincide con tumor primario mamario. La paciente continúa tratamiento oncológico activo con el mismo esquema de tratamiento ante la buena tolerancia y la respuesta parcial de la enfermedad según criterios RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors), habiendo realizado 8 ciclos hasta la actualidad.

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[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]

cáncer, lesión lítica L4-L5, lesión supra - acetabular cadera, metastásica, cáncer, lesión costal izquierda ( partes blandas ), tumoración, carcinoma, células tumorales, cáncer de mama metastásico, cáncer, metastásica, metástasis, lesiones pulmonares, lesiones blásticas, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón, neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis, neoformación, metástasis de carcinoma ductal, carcinoma de células cromófobas, metástasis de carcinoma, tumor

649_task2

Sentence: Anamnesis Mujer de 54 años, sin alergias medicamentosas conocidas, ni antecedentes familiares de interés. Como antecedente personal destaca el diagnóstico de cáncer de mama HER2+ en 2002 que se intervino mediante cuadrantectomía más linfadenectomía, tras lo que recibió tratamiento adyuvante con radioterapia y quimioterapia. El esquema quimioterápico empleado incluyó Ttastuzumab según protocolo de Ensayo Clínico realizado en otro centro, por lo que desconocen más datos al respecto. La paciente consulta por dolor en la cadera izquierda de meses de evolución, que incrementaba con la deambulación refractario a analgesia de primer escalón. Negaba otra clínica añadida. Exploración física Performance Status 0. Superficie corporal (SC), 1,59 m2. No se palpaban adenopatías en los distintos niveles ganglionares. A la exploración músculo-esquelética, presentaba dolor a la presión en columna lumbar (L4-L5) y cadera izquierda; movilidad de cadera dentro de normalidad; movilidad de columna limitada por dolor. El resto de exploración fue normal. Pruebas complementarias » Se realizó radiografía de columna lumbar y radiografía de caderas donde se observan lesión lítica L4-L5 y lesión supra-acetabular cadera izquierda confirmadas en RM. Se realiza PET-TC que sugiere afectación metastásica a nivel ganglionar, pulmonar y óseo. Se objetiva además una masa renal derecha de dudosa etiología, no hipermetabólica. Analíticamente, destacaba Ca 15.3 391 U/mL. El resto de parámetros, dentro de la normalidad. » Con estas pruebas complementarias, se sospecha una recidiva del cáncer de mama del que se trató años atrás, tras 12 años de intervalo libre de progresión. » Para completar el estudio se solicita una punción con aguja fina (PAAF) de la lesión más accesible, que finalmente se obtiene de la lesión costal izquierda (partes blandas) guiada por TC. Además, se solicita ecocardiograma que muestra fracción de eyección (FEVI) 60%. Diagnóstico El resultado anatomopatológico del cilindro obtenido por PAAF informa de tejido constituido por tumoración que crece formando nidos y glándulas tapizadas por células de núcleo grande y nucléolos prominentes. Dichas células expresan receptores de estrógenos, CK-19 y GCDFP 15. Los receptores de progesterona y CDX 2 son negativos. Los hallazgos histopatológicos son compatibles con infiltración por carcinoma de mama. El material analizado muestra amplificación del gen HER2-Neu en las células tumorales. El resultado se obtiene mediante protocolo FISH HER2-/Neu (17q12) y cen17, con un ratio > 2. Este hallazgo tendrá repercusiones en cuanto a alternativas de tratamiento y pronóstico para nuestra paciente. Tratamiento La paciente se valora en nuestras consultas en octubre de 2014. En el mes de septiembre, se publicó en el Congreso de la Sociedad Europea de Oncología Médica (ESMO) los datos de supervivencia global del estudio pivotal CLEOPATRA5, un ensayo clínico fase III, aleatorizado, doble ciego, controlado con placebo y multicéntrico, que evalúa la eficacia y seguridad de pertuzumab en combinación con trastuzumab y docetaxel en primera línea de tratamiento de cáncer de mama metastásico HER-2+. En este ensayo clínico se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de mama avanzado HER-2+, que no hubieran sido tratadas previamente con quimioterapia ni con terapias biológicas para la enfermedad metastásica, con estado general de salud aceptable, función cardíaca normal, sin metástasis cerebrales y en los que hubiera transcurrido al menos 12 meses desde el tratamiento adyuvante. El esquema empleado en la rama experimental fue pertuzumab, dosis de carga (DC) 840 mg y dosis de mantenimiento (DM) 420 mg, trastuzumab (DC) 8 mg/kg y (DM) 6 mg/kg y al menos 6 ciclos de docetaxel (75 mg/m2) en la primera dosis y, si esta era bien tolerada, se aumentaba a 100 mg/m2. Nuestra paciente cumplía todos criterios de inclusión y ninguno de exclusión que se tuvieron en cuenta para la realización del estudio, por lo que se le propone esquema de tratamiento según estudio CLEOPATRA. Evolución Entre el 31 de octubre y el 30 de diciembre se pautan 4 ciclos de tratamiento, que la paciente realiza con buena tolerancia; como única toxicidad destacable se describe mucositis grado 1. Durante el seguimiento, se realizan ecocardiogramas de control, debido a la posible toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento, no viéndose esta afectada. La evolución del marcador tumoral CA-15.3 es descendente hasta la normalización, concordando con la buena respuesta obtenida en el TC de control. Tras cuatro ciclos, por lo tanto, se realiza TC toraco-abdominal de reevaluación con los siguientes hallazgos: "Buena evolución radiológica de las lesiones pulmonares observando disminución significativa en el número y tamaño de los nódulos visibles en TC previo. En la imagen actual, el nódulo de mayor tamaño mide 16 mm de diámetro máximo. La lesión localizada en octavo arco costal izquierdo muestra una disminución de tamaño a expensas de su diámetro transverso y un aumento difuso de su densidad sugestivo de calcificación; persisten lesiones blásticas difusas óseas a distintos niveles". Se describe además, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón derecho de 40 x 40 mm sólida y de densidad heterogénea compatible con neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis, ya visible en TC y PET-TC previo sin cambios significativos en tamaño. Ante esta evolución, se presenta el caso en el Comité de Tumores Genitourinarios para decidir actitud a seguir con respecto a la neoformación renal. Dada la situación actual, revisamos de nuevo la bibliografía publicada para presentar datos pronósticos en nuestra paciente, que contribuyan a la posible decisión por el comité. Los resultados en el último análisis centrado en evaluación de supervivencia del estudio CLEOPATRA presentan unas curvas de Kaplan-Meier de la supervivencia global (SG) de una separación precoz entre rama experimental y rama control que se mantenía a lo largo del tiempo. La mediana de SG fue de 56,5 meses (IC 95%) para la rama de pertuzumab (HR = 0,68; IC 95%: 0,56-0,84; p < 0,001), lo que supone una mejora significativa del pronóstico en estas pacientes. Finalmente, tras exponer el caso, se decide en Comité Interdisciplinar, se realiza una nefrectomía derecha laparoscópica. La intervención se realizó sin incidencias tras pautar el 6.º ciclo de quimioterapia. Macroscópicamente, en la pieza de resección quirúrgica se objetiva lesión nodular, bien delimitada, marrón clara con áreas de coloración marrón-rojizo, de 4,5 x 3,5 cm. El diagnóstico fue de metástasis de carcinoma ductal de mama sobre carcinoma de células cromófobas de riñón de 4.5 cm, limitado a parénquima renal, sin afectación de tejido adiposo peri-renal ni estructuras del seno. El estudio inmunohistoquímico de la metástasis de carcinoma de mama expresa 40% de receptores de estrógenos, receptores de progesterona negativo. Ki-67: 40%, GCDFP15: positivo; mamaglobina: positivo; muestra amplificación del gen HER-2 por FISH. La inmuno-histoquímica coincide con tumor primario mamario. La paciente continúa tratamiento oncológico activo con el mismo esquema de tratamiento ante la buena tolerancia y la respuesta parcial de la enfermedad según criterios RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors), habiendo realizado 8 ciclos hasta la actualidad. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Anamnesis Mujer de 54 años, sin alergias medicamentosas conocidas, ni antecedentes familiares de interés. Como antecedente personal destaca el diagnóstico de cáncer de mama HER2+ en 2002 que se intervino mediante cuadrantectomía más linfadenectomía, tras lo que recibió tratamiento adyuvante con radioterapia y quimioterapia. El esquema quimioterápico empleado incluyó Ttastuzumab según protocolo de Ensayo Clínico realizado en otro centro, por lo que desconocen más datos al respecto. La paciente consulta por dolor en la cadera izquierda de meses de evolución, que incrementaba con la deambulación refractario a analgesia de primer escalón. Negaba otra clínica añadida. Exploración física Performance Status 0. Superficie corporal (SC), 1,59 m2. No se palpaban adenopatías en los distintos niveles ganglionares. A la exploración músculo-esquelética, presentaba dolor a la presión en columna lumbar (L4-L5) y cadera izquierda; movilidad de cadera dentro de normalidad; movilidad de columna limitada por dolor. El resto de exploración fue normal. Pruebas complementarias » Se realizó radiografía de columna lumbar y radiografía de caderas donde se observan lesión lítica L4-L5 y lesión supra-acetabular cadera izquierda confirmadas en RM. Se realiza PET-TC que sugiere afectación metastásica a nivel ganglionar, pulmonar y óseo. Se objetiva además una masa renal derecha de dudosa etiología, no hipermetabólica. Analíticamente, destacaba Ca 15.3 391 U/mL. El resto de parámetros, dentro de la normalidad. » Con estas pruebas complementarias, se sospecha una recidiva del cáncer de mama del que se trató años atrás, tras 12 años de intervalo libre de progresión. » Para completar el estudio se solicita una punción con aguja fina (PAAF) de la lesión más accesible, que finalmente se obtiene de la lesión costal izquierda (partes blandas) guiada por TC. Además, se solicita ecocardiograma que muestra fracción de eyección (FEVI) 60%. Diagnóstico El resultado anatomopatológico del cilindro obtenido por PAAF informa de tejido constituido por tumoración que crece formando nidos y glándulas tapizadas por células de núcleo grande y nucléolos prominentes. Dichas células expresan receptores de estrógenos, CK-19 y GCDFP 15. Los receptores de progesterona y CDX 2 son negativos. Los hallazgos histopatológicos son compatibles con infiltración por carcinoma de mama. El material analizado muestra amplificación del gen HER2-Neu en las células tumorales. El resultado se obtiene mediante protocolo FISH HER2-/Neu (17q12) y cen17, con un ratio > 2. Este hallazgo tendrá repercusiones en cuanto a alternativas de tratamiento y pronóstico para nuestra paciente. Tratamiento La paciente se valora en nuestras consultas en octubre de 2014. En el mes de septiembre, se publicó en el Congreso de la Sociedad Europea de Oncología Médica (ESMO) los datos de supervivencia global del estudio pivotal CLEOPATRA5, un ensayo clínico fase III, aleatorizado, doble ciego, controlado con placebo y multicéntrico, que evalúa la eficacia y seguridad de pertuzumab en combinación con trastuzumab y docetaxel en primera línea de tratamiento de cáncer de mama metastásico HER-2+. En este ensayo clínico se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de mama avanzado HER-2+, que no hubieran sido tratadas previamente con quimioterapia ni con terapias biológicas para la enfermedad metastásica, con estado general de salud aceptable, función cardíaca normal, sin metástasis cerebrales y en los que hubiera transcurrido al menos 12 meses desde el tratamiento adyuvante. El esquema empleado en la rama experimental fue pertuzumab, dosis de carga (DC) 840 mg y dosis de mantenimiento (DM) 420 mg, trastuzumab (DC) 8 mg/kg y (DM) 6 mg/kg y al menos 6 ciclos de docetaxel (75 mg/m2) en la primera dosis y, si esta era bien tolerada, se aumentaba a 100 mg/m2. Nuestra paciente cumplía todos criterios de inclusión y ninguno de exclusión que se tuvieron en cuenta para la realización del estudio, por lo que se le propone esquema de tratamiento según estudio CLEOPATRA. Evolución Entre el 31 de octubre y el 30 de diciembre se pautan 4 ciclos de tratamiento, que la paciente realiza con buena tolerancia; como única toxicidad destacable se describe mucositis grado 1. Durante el seguimiento, se realizan ecocardiogramas de control, debido a la posible toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento, no viéndose esta afectada. La evolución del marcador tumoral CA-15.3 es descendente hasta la normalización, concordando con la buena respuesta obtenida en el TC de control. Tras cuatro ciclos, por lo tanto, se realiza TC toraco-abdominal de reevaluación con los siguientes hallazgos: "Buena evolución radiológica de las lesiones pulmonares observando disminución significativa en el número y tamaño de los nódulos visibles en TC previo. En la imagen actual, el nódulo de mayor tamaño mide 16 mm de diámetro máximo. La lesión localizada en octavo arco costal izquierdo muestra una disminución de tamaño a expensas de su diámetro transverso y un aumento difuso de su densidad sugestivo de calcificación; persisten lesiones blásticas difusas óseas a distintos niveles". Se describe además, masa localizada en polo superior del riñón derecho de 40 x 40 mm sólida y de densidad heterogénea compatible con neoplasia primaria renal sin descartar metástasis, ya visible en TC y PET-TC previo sin cambios significativos en tamaño. Ante esta evolución, se presenta el caso en el Comité de Tumores Genitourinarios para decidir actitud a seguir con respecto a la neoformación renal. Dada la situación actual, revisamos de nuevo la bibliografía publicada para presentar datos pronósticos en nuestra paciente, que contribuyan a la posible decisión por el comité. Los resultados en el último análisis centrado en evaluación de supervivencia del estudio CLEOPATRA presentan unas curvas de Kaplan-Meier de la supervivencia global (SG) de una separación precoz entre rama experimental y rama control que se mantenía a lo largo del tiempo. La mediana de SG fue de 56,5 meses (IC 95%) para la rama de pertuzumab (HR = 0,68; IC 95%: 0,56-0,84; p < 0,001), lo que supone una mejora significativa del pronóstico en estas pacientes. Finalmente, tras exponer el caso, se decide en Comité Interdisciplinar, se realiza una nefrectomía derecha laparoscópica. La intervención se realizó sin incidencias tras pautar el 6.º ciclo de quimioterapia. Macroscópicamente, en la pieza de resección quirúrgica se objetiva lesión nodular, bien delimitada, marrón clara con áreas de coloración marrón-rojizo, de 4,5 x 3,5 cm. El diagnóstico fue de metástasis de carcinoma ductal de mama sobre carcinoma de células cromófobas de riñón de 4.5 cm, limitado a parénquima renal, sin afectación de tejido adiposo peri-renal ni estructuras del seno. El estudio inmunohistoquímico de la metástasis de carcinoma de mama expresa 40% de receptores de estrógenos, receptores de progesterona negativo. Ki-67: 40%, GCDFP15: positivo; mamaglobina: positivo; muestra amplificación del gen HER-2 por FISH. La inmuno-histoquímica coincide con tumor primario mamario. La paciente continúa tratamiento oncológico activo con el mismo esquema de tratamiento ante la buena tolerancia y la respuesta parcial de la enfermedad según criterios RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors), habiendo realizado 8 ciclos hasta la actualidad.

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"metastásica", "a", "nivel", "ganglionar", ",", "pulmonar", "y", "óseo", ".", "Se", "objetiva", "además", "una", "masa", "renal", "derecha", "de", "dudosa", "etiología", ",", "no", "hipermetabólica", ".", "Analíticamente", ",", "destacaba", "Ca", "15.3", "391", "U", "/", "mL.", "El", "resto", "de", "parámetros", ",", "dentro", "de", "la", "normalidad", ".", "\n", "»", "Con", "estas", "pruebas", "complementarias", ",", "se", "sospecha", "una", "recidiva", "del", "cáncer", "de", "mama", "del", "que", "se", "trató", "años", "atrás", ",", "tras", "12", "años", "de", "intervalo", "libre", "de", "progresión", ".", "\n", "»", "Para", "completar", "el", "estudio", "se", "solicita", "una", "punción", "con", "aguja", "fina", "(", "PAAF", ")", "de", "la", "lesión", "más", "accesible", ",", "que", "finalmente", "se", "obtiene", "de", "la", "lesión", "costal", "izquierda", "(", "partes", "blandas", ")", "guiada", "por", "TC", ".", "Además", ",", "se", "solicita", "ecocardiograma", "que", "muestra", "fracción", "de", "eyección", "(", "FEVI", ")", "60", "%", ".", "\n\n", "Diagnóstico", "\n", "El", "resultado", "anatomopatológico", "del", "cilindro", "obtenido", "por", "PAAF", "informa", "de", "tejido", "constituido", "por", "tumoración", "que", "crece", "formando", "nidos", "y", "glándulas", "tapizadas", "por", "células", "de", "núcleo", "grande", "y", "nucléolos", "prominentes", ".", "Dichas", "células", "expresan", "receptores", "de", "estrógenos", ",", "CK-19", "y", "GCDFP", "15", ".", "Los", "receptores", "de", "progesterona", "y", "CDX", "2", "son", "negativos", ".", "Los", "hallazgos", "histopatológicos", "son", "compatibles", "con", "infiltración", "por", "carcinoma", "de", "mama", ".", "El", "material", "analizado", "muestra", "amplificación", "del", "gen", "HER2-Neu", "en", "las", "células", "tumorales", ".", "El", "resultado", "se", "obtiene", "mediante", "protocolo", "FISH", "HER2-/Neu", "(", "17q12", ")", "y", "cen17", ",", "con", "un", "ratio", ">", "2", ".", "Este", "hallazgo", "tendrá", "repercusiones", "en", "cuanto", "a", "alternativas", "de", "tratamiento", "y", "pronóstico", "para", "nuestra", "paciente", ".", "\n\n", "Tratamiento", "\n", "La", "paciente", "se", "valora", "en", "nuestras", "consultas", "en", "octubre", "de", "2014", ".", "En", "el", "mes", "de", "septiembre", ",", "se", "publicó", "en", "el", "Congreso", "de", "la", "Sociedad", "Europea", "de", "Oncología", "Médica", "(", "ESMO", ")", "los", "datos", "de", "supervivencia", "global", "del", "estudio", "pivotal", "CLEOPATRA5", ",", "un", "ensayo", "clínico", "fase", "III", ",", "aleatorizado", ",", "doble", "ciego", ",", "controlado", "con", "placebo", "y", "multicéntrico", ",", "que", "evalúa", "la", "eficacia", "y", "seguridad", "de", "pertuzumab", "en", "combinación", "con", "trastuzumab", "y", "docetaxel", "en", "primera", "línea", "de", "tratamiento", "de", "cáncer", "de", "mama", "metastásico", "HER-2", "+", ".", "En", "este", "ensayo", "clínico", "se", "incluyeron", "pacientes", "con", "cáncer", "de", "mama", "avanzado", "HER-2", "+", ",", "que", "no", "hubieran", "sido", "tratadas", "previamente", "con", "quimioterapia", "ni", "con", "terapias", "biológicas", "para", "la", "enfermedad", "metastásica", ",", "con", "estado", "general", "de", "salud", "aceptable", ",", "función", "cardíaca", "normal", ",", "sin", "metástasis", "cerebrales", "y", "en", "los", "que", "hubiera", "transcurrido", "al", "menos", "12", "meses", "desde", "el", "tratamiento", "adyuvante", ".", "El", "esquema", "empleado", "en", "la", "rama", "experimental", "fue", "pertuzumab", ",", "dosis", "de", "carga", "(", "DC", ")", "840", "mg", "y", "dosis", "de", "mantenimiento", "(", "DM", ")", "420", "mg", ",", "trastuzumab", "(", "DC", ")", "8", "mg", "/", "kg", "y", "(", "DM", ")", "6", "mg", "/", "kg", "y", "al", "menos", "6", "ciclos", "de", "docetaxel", "(", "75", "mg", "/", "m2", ")", "en", "la", "primera", "dosis", "y", ",", "si", "esta", "era", "bien", "tolerada", ",", "se", "aumentaba", "a", "100", "mg", "/", "m2", ".", "Nuestra", "paciente", "cumplía", "todos", "criterios", "de", "inclusión", "y", "ninguno", "de", "exclusión", "que", "se", "tuvieron", "en", "cuenta", "para", "la", "realización", "del", "estudio", ",", "por", "lo", "que", "se", "le", "propone", "esquema", "de", "tratamiento", "según", "estudio", "CLEOPATRA", ".", "\n\n", "Evolución", "\n", "Entre", "el", "31", "de", "octubre", "y", "el", "30", "de", "diciembre", "se", "pautan", "4", "ciclos", "de", "tratamiento", ",", "que", "la", "paciente", "realiza", "con", "buena", "tolerancia", ";", "como", "única", "toxicidad", "destacable", "se", "describe", "mucositis", "grado", "1", ".", "Durante", "el", "seguimiento", ",", "se", "realizan", "ecocardiogramas", "de", "control", ",", "debido", "a", "la", "posible", "toxicidad", "relacionada", "con", "el", "tratamiento", ",", "no", "viéndose", "esta", "afectada", ".", "La", "evolución", "del", "marcador", "tumoral", "CA-15.3", "es", "descendente", "hasta", "la", "normalización", ",", "concordando", "con", "la", "buena", "respuesta", "obtenida", "en", "el", "TC", "de", "control", ".", "Tras", "cuatro", "ciclos", ",", "por", "lo", "tanto", ",", "se", "realiza", "TC", "toraco", "-", "abdominal", "de", "reevaluación", "con", "los", "siguientes", "hallazgos", ":", "\"", "Buena", "evolución", "radiológica", "de", "las", "lesiones", "pulmonares", "observando", "disminución", "significativa", "en", "el", "número", "y", "tamaño", "de", "los", "nódulos", "visibles", "en", "TC", "previo", ".", "En", "la", "imagen", "actual", ",", "el", "nódulo", "de", "mayor", "tamaño", "mide", "16", "mm", "de", "diámetro", "máximo", ".", "La", "lesión", "localizada", "en", "octavo", "arco", "costal", "izquierdo", "muestra", "una", "disminución", "de", "tamaño", "a", "expensas", "de", "su", "diámetro", "transverso", "y", "un", "aumento", "difuso", "de", "su", "densidad", "sugestivo", "de", "calcificación", ";", "persisten", "lesiones", "blásticas", "difusas", "óseas", "a", "distintos", "niveles", "\"", ".", "Se", "describe", "además", ",", "masa", "localizada", "en", "polo", "superior", "del", "riñón", "derecho", "de", "40", "x", "40", "mm", "sólida", "y", "de", "densidad", "heterogénea", "compatible", "con", "neoplasia", "primaria", "renal", "sin", "descartar", "metástasis", ",", "ya", "visible", "en", "TC", "y", "PET", "-", "TC", "previo", "sin", "cambios", "significativos", "en", "tamaño", ".", "\n\n", "Ante", "esta", "evolución", ",", "se", "presenta", "el", "caso", "en", "el", "Comité", "de", "Tumores", "Genitourinarios", "para", "decidir", "actitud", "a", "seguir", "con", "respecto", "a", "la", "neoformación", "renal", ".", "Dada", "la", "situación", "actual", ",", "revisamos", "de", "nuevo", "la", "bibliografía", "publicada", "para", "presentar", "datos", "pronósticos", "en", "nuestra", "paciente", ",", "que", "contribuyan", "a", "la", "posible", "decisión", "por", "el", "comité", ".", "Los", "resultados", "en", "el", "último", "análisis", "centrado", "en", "evaluación", "de", "supervivencia", "del", "estudio", "CLEOPATRA", "presentan", "unas", "curvas", "de", "Kaplan", "-", "Meier", "de", "la", "supervivencia", "global", "(", "SG", ")", "de", "una", "separación", "precoz", "entre", "rama", "experimental", "y", "rama", "control", "que", "se", "mantenía", "a", "lo", "largo", "del", "tiempo", ".", "La", "mediana", "de", "SG", "fue", "de", "56,5", "meses", "(", "IC", "95", "%", ")", "para", "la", "rama", "de", "pertuzumab", "(", "HR", "=", "0,68", ";", "IC", "95", "%", ":", "0,56", "-", "0,84", ";", "p", "<", "0,001", ")", ",", "lo", "que", "supone", "una", "mejora", "significativa", "del", "pronóstico", "en", "estas", "pacientes", ".", "\n\n", "Finalmente", ",", "tras", "exponer", "el", "caso", ",", "se", "decide", "en", "Comité", "Interdisciplinar", ",", "se", "realiza", "una", "nefrectomía", "derecha", "laparoscópica", ".", "La", "intervención", "se", "realizó", "sin", "incidencias", "tras", "pautar", "el", "6.º", "ciclo", "de", "quimioterapia", ".", "\n\n", "Macroscópicamente", ",", "en", "la", "pieza", "de", "resección", "quirúrgica", "se", "objetiva", "lesión", "nodular", ",", "bien", "delimitada", ",", "marrón", "clara", "con", "áreas", "de", "coloración", "marrón", "-", "rojizo", ",", "de", "4,5", "x", "3,5", "cm", ".", "El", "diagnóstico", "fue", "de", "metástasis", "de", "carcinoma", "ductal", "de", "mama", "sobre", "carcinoma", "de", "células", "cromófobas", "de", "riñón", "de", "4.5", "cm", ",", "limitado", "a", "parénquima", "renal", ",", "sin", "afectación", "de", "tejido", "adiposo", "peri", "-", "renal", "ni", "estructuras", "del", "seno", ".", "El", "estudio", "inmunohistoquímico", "de", "la", "metástasis", "de", "carcinoma", "de", "mama", "expresa", "40", "%", "de", "receptores", "de", "estrógenos", ",", "receptores", "de", "progesterona", "negativo", ".", "Ki-67", ":", "40", "%", ",", "GCDFP15", ":", "positivo", ";", "mamaglobina", ":", "positivo", ";", "muestra", "amplificación", "del", "gen", "HER-2", "por", "FISH", ".", "La", "inmuno", "-", "histoquímica", "coincide", "con", "tumor", "primario", "mamario", ".", "\n\n", "La", "paciente", "continúa", "tratamiento", "oncológico", "activo", "con", "el", "mismo", "esquema", "de", "tratamiento", "ante", "la", "buena", "tolerancia", "y", "la", "respuesta", "parcial", "de", "la", "enfermedad", "según", "criterios", "RECIST", "(", "Response", "Evaluation", "Criteria", "In", "Solid", "Tumors", ")", ",", "habiendo", "realizado", "8", "ciclos", "hasta", "la", "actualidad", ".", "\n" ]

[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]

methoxypsoralen is a CHEMICAL

23291118_task0

Sentence: Syntheses and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of novel methoxypsoralen derivatives. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O" ]

Syntheses and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of novel methoxypsoralen derivatives.

[ "Syntheses", "and", "evaluation", "of", "the", "antioxidant", "activity", "of", "novel", "methoxypsoralen", "derivatives", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]

methoxypsoralen is a CHEMICAL

23291118_task1

Sentence: Syntheses and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of novel methoxypsoralen derivatives. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: methoxypsoralen Options: CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O" ]

Syntheses and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of novel methoxypsoralen derivatives.

[ "Syntheses", "and", "evaluation", "of", "the", "antioxidant", "activity", "of", "novel", "methoxypsoralen", "derivatives", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]

methoxypsoralen

23291118_task2

Sentence: Syntheses and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of novel methoxypsoralen derivatives. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O" ]

Syntheses and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of novel methoxypsoralen derivatives.

[ "Syntheses", "and", "evaluation", "of", "the", "antioxidant", "activity", "of", "novel", "methoxypsoralen", "derivatives", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N" ]

IL-12 production is an other_name, Th1 cell development is an other_name, acetyl salicylic acid - mediated inhibition is an other_name

76167_task0

Sentence: Decreased IL-12 production and Th1 cell development by acetyl salicylic acid-mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: other_name

[ "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Decreased IL-12 production and Th1 cell development by acetyl salicylic acid-mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB.

[ "Decreased", "IL-12", "production", "and", "Th1", "cell", "development", "by", "acetyl", "salicylic", "acid", "-", "mediated", "inhibition", "of", "NF", "-", "kappaB." ]

[ "other_name", "protein_molecule", "protein_family_or_group", "other_organic_compound", "cell_type", "(AND protein_domain_or_region protein_domain_or_region)", "protein_complex", "DNA_domain_or_region", "RNA_molecule", "" ]

IL-12 production is an other_name, Th1 cell development is an other_name, acetyl salicylic acid - mediated inhibition is an other_name

76167_task1

Sentence: Decreased IL-12 production and Th1 cell development by acetyl salicylic acid-mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: IL-12 production, Th1 cell development, acetyl salicylic acid - mediated inhibition Options: other_name

[ "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Decreased IL-12 production and Th1 cell development by acetyl salicylic acid-mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB.

[ "Decreased", "IL-12", "production", "and", "Th1", "cell", "development", "by", "acetyl", "salicylic", "acid", "-", "mediated", "inhibition", "of", "NF", "-", "kappaB." ]

[ "other_name", "protein_molecule", "protein_family_or_group", "other_organic_compound", "cell_type", "(AND protein_domain_or_region protein_domain_or_region)", "protein_complex", "DNA_domain_or_region", "RNA_molecule", "" ]

IL-12 production, Th1 cell development, acetyl salicylic acid - mediated inhibition

76167_task2

Sentence: Decreased IL-12 production and Th1 cell development by acetyl salicylic acid-mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Decreased IL-12 production and Th1 cell development by acetyl salicylic acid-mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB.

[ "Decreased", "IL-12", "production", "and", "Th1", "cell", "development", "by", "acetyl", "salicylic", "acid", "-", "mediated", "inhibition", "of", "NF", "-", "kappaB." ]

[ "other_name", "protein_molecule", "protein_family_or_group", "other_organic_compound", "cell_type", "(AND protein_domain_or_region protein_domain_or_region)", "protein_complex", "DNA_domain_or_region", "RNA_molecule", "" ]

Arbeit is an umlsterm

DerRadiologe.80380126.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Fragestellung : In dieser Arbeit sollten die diagnostische Treffsicherheit und die Komplikationsrate von CT-gesteuerte Stanzbiopsien ( STB ) thorakaler Raumforderungen mit denen der Feinnadelaspirationsbiopsien ( FNAB ) verglichen werden . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Fragestellung : In dieser Arbeit sollten die diagnostische Treffsicherheit und die Komplikationsrate von CT-gesteuerte Stanzbiopsien ( STB ) thorakaler Raumforderungen mit denen der Feinnadelaspirationsbiopsien ( FNAB ) verglichen werden .

[ "Fragestellung", ":", "In", "dieser", "Arbeit", "sollten", "die", "diagnostische", "Treffsicherheit", "und", "die", "Komplikationsrate", "von", "CT", "-", "gesteuerte", "Stanzbiopsien", "(", "STB", ")", "thorakaler", "Raumforderungen", "mit", "denen", "der", "Feinnadelaspirationsbiopsien", "(", "FNAB", ")", "verglichen", "werden", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Arbeit is an umlsterm

DerRadiologe.80380126.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Fragestellung : In dieser Arbeit sollten die diagnostische Treffsicherheit und die Komplikationsrate von CT-gesteuerte Stanzbiopsien ( STB ) thorakaler Raumforderungen mit denen der Feinnadelaspirationsbiopsien ( FNAB ) verglichen werden . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Arbeit Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Fragestellung : In dieser Arbeit sollten die diagnostische Treffsicherheit und die Komplikationsrate von CT-gesteuerte Stanzbiopsien ( STB ) thorakaler Raumforderungen mit denen der Feinnadelaspirationsbiopsien ( FNAB ) verglichen werden .

[ "Fragestellung", ":", "In", "dieser", "Arbeit", "sollten", "die", "diagnostische", "Treffsicherheit", "und", "die", "Komplikationsrate", "von", "CT", "-", "gesteuerte", "Stanzbiopsien", "(", "STB", ")", "thorakaler", "Raumforderungen", "mit", "denen", "der", "Feinnadelaspirationsbiopsien", "(", "FNAB", ")", "verglichen", "werden", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Arbeit

DerRadiologe.80380126.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Fragestellung : In dieser Arbeit sollten die diagnostische Treffsicherheit und die Komplikationsrate von CT-gesteuerte Stanzbiopsien ( STB ) thorakaler Raumforderungen mit denen der Feinnadelaspirationsbiopsien ( FNAB ) verglichen werden . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Fragestellung : In dieser Arbeit sollten die diagnostische Treffsicherheit und die Komplikationsrate von CT-gesteuerte Stanzbiopsien ( STB ) thorakaler Raumforderungen mit denen der Feinnadelaspirationsbiopsien ( FNAB ) verglichen werden .

[ "Fragestellung", ":", "In", "dieser", "Arbeit", "sollten", "die", "diagnostische", "Treffsicherheit", "und", "die", "Komplikationsrate", "von", "CT", "-", "gesteuerte", "Stanzbiopsien", "(", "STB", ")", "thorakaler", "Raumforderungen", "mit", "denen", "der", "Feinnadelaspirationsbiopsien", "(", "FNAB", ")", "verglichen", "werden", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

cholecystokinin is a protein, gramicidin is a compound

DS.d415_task0

Sentence: Rebinding experiments with Lys-Gly-Asp, an analogue of Arg-Gly-Asp, and other different peptides, such as cholecystokinin C-terminal tri- and pentapeptide and gramicidin, further indicated the selectivity of methacrylic acid-trimethylpropane trimethacrylate copolymer for Arg-Gly-Asp giving specific selectivity factor values 1.27, 1.98, 1.31 and 1.67, respectively. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Rebinding experiments with Lys-Gly-Asp, an analogue of Arg-Gly-Asp, and other different peptides, such as cholecystokinin C-terminal tri- and pentapeptide and gramicidin, further indicated the selectivity of methacrylic acid-trimethylpropane trimethacrylate copolymer for Arg-Gly-Asp giving specific selectivity factor values 1.27, 1.98, 1.31 and 1.67, respectively.

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[ "protein", "compound" ]

cholecystokinin is a protein, gramicidin is a compound

DS.d415_task1

Sentence: Rebinding experiments with Lys-Gly-Asp, an analogue of Arg-Gly-Asp, and other different peptides, such as cholecystokinin C-terminal tri- and pentapeptide and gramicidin, further indicated the selectivity of methacrylic acid-trimethylpropane trimethacrylate copolymer for Arg-Gly-Asp giving specific selectivity factor values 1.27, 1.98, 1.31 and 1.67, respectively. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cholecystokinin, gramicidin Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Rebinding experiments with Lys-Gly-Asp, an analogue of Arg-Gly-Asp, and other different peptides, such as cholecystokinin C-terminal tri- and pentapeptide and gramicidin, further indicated the selectivity of methacrylic acid-trimethylpropane trimethacrylate copolymer for Arg-Gly-Asp giving specific selectivity factor values 1.27, 1.98, 1.31 and 1.67, respectively.

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[ "protein", "compound" ]

cholecystokinin, gramicidin

DS.d415_task2

Sentence: Rebinding experiments with Lys-Gly-Asp, an analogue of Arg-Gly-Asp, and other different peptides, such as cholecystokinin C-terminal tri- and pentapeptide and gramicidin, further indicated the selectivity of methacrylic acid-trimethylpropane trimethacrylate copolymer for Arg-Gly-Asp giving specific selectivity factor values 1.27, 1.98, 1.31 and 1.67, respectively. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Rebinding experiments with Lys-Gly-Asp, an analogue of Arg-Gly-Asp, and other different peptides, such as cholecystokinin C-terminal tri- and pentapeptide and gramicidin, further indicated the selectivity of methacrylic acid-trimethylpropane trimethacrylate copolymer for Arg-Gly-Asp giving specific selectivity factor values 1.27, 1.98, 1.31 and 1.67, respectively.

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[ "protein", "compound" ]