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{"id": 8429, "answer": 2, "text": "The market gap maker strategy refers to the relatively weak enterprises in the industry, in order to avoid head-on conflicts with powerful enterprises in the competition, choose unsatisfied market segments and provide special products or services to market segments in order to seek survival and development.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the followings belongs to the market gap strategy?", "options": ["A small training institution attracts students by reducing tuition fees, free pick-up and so on", "An online merchant prints the popular cartoon characters in the market and sells them on water cups and flash drives, and the sales are very good", "A newly established cosmetics company specializes in developing and producing skin care products suitable for the elderly, which are scarce in the market", "A small clothing manufacturer incorporated the popular elements in this year's market into the design to produce women's wear with high quality and low price"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 12589, "answer": 0, "text": "Even though trading in ivory has been outlawed by international agreement, some piano makers still use ivory, often obtained illegally, to cover piano keys. Recently, experts have devised a synthetic ivory that, unlike earlier ivory substitutes, has found favor with concert pianists throughout the world. But because piano makers have never been major consumers of ivory, the development of the synthetic ivory will ttherefore probably do little to help curb the killing of elephants, from whose tusks most natural ivory is obtained.", "question": "Which one of the following, if true, most helps to strengthen the argument?", "options": ["The most common use for natural ivory is in ornamental carvings, which are prized not only for the quality of their workmanship but also for the authenticity of their materials.", "The new synthetic ivory can be manufactured to resemble in color and surface texture any of the various types of natural ivory that have commercial uses.", "Most people who play the piano but are not concert pianists can nonetheless easily distinguish between the new synthetic ivory and inferior ivory substitutes.", "It costs significantly less to produce the new synthetic ivory then it does to produce any of the ivory substitutes that scientists had developed previously."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 2602, "answer": 3, "text": "A traditional Chinese medicine formula has the following requirements: (1) if there is a medicinal material A, then there must be medicinal material B; (2) if there is no medicinal material C, then there must be medicinal material D; (3) ginseng and Gastrodia elata cannot have both; (4) if there is no medicinal material A and there is medicinal material C, ginseng is needed.", "question": "If it contains Gastrodia elata, which conclusion about the formula is true?", "options": ["Contain A medicinal material", "Contains C medicinal material", "There is no C medicine material", "Contains medicinal materials B or D"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 1043, "answer": 1, "text": "The maintenance of marriage is inseparable from the mutual trust between husband and wife. Trust is the basis for maintaining a stable and intimate relationship, but trust alone is not enough. They also need to have common interests and hobbies. Two people can spend time together and experience the fun of life. Therefore, trust and common interests and hobbies are the necessary factors for the stability of marriage.", "question": "According to the above words, which of the following can be inferred?", "options": ["Couples who trust each other and have common interests and hobbies will last for a long time.", "A marriage with only common interests is certainly unstable.", "A happy long-term marriage means that most of the two sides have common interests.", "The relationship based on trust and common interests is the most ideal marriage relationship."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 6610, "answer": 0, "text": "Good officials should not only be honest in performing official duties, but also be able to do practical things. What the people expect is a reform official, and a promising official is not a non-official. It can be said that some cadres do not dare to do anything, dare not innovate, and are afraid of taking responsibility. Without a tolerant and harmonious entrepreneurial environment, cadres will be timid in their work and dare not surpass and explore, let alone reform and innovation. It is frightening to see some comrades held accountable for their mistakes. In order to promote cadres to dare to think and dare to do, it is necessary to adhere to the three zones, that is, to separate the mistakes made in advance and trial from those committed knowingly, to distinguish exploratory experiments from those who fail to abide by the law and to distinguish unintentional negligence from seeking self-interest.", "question": "Which of the following options is intended to be described in the above paragraph?", "options": ["Only by establishing a mechanism for discerning officials to explore innovative behavior can cadres dare to think and dare to do.", "Only by establishing a relaxed entrepreneurial environment for cadres can cadres not be covered with thin ice in their work.", "Good officials should not only be honest in performing official duties, but also dare to innovate and take responsibility.", "The people should distinguish and tolerate the mistakes made by officials and cadres."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 11050, "answer": 1, "text": "The size of northern fur seals provides a reliable indication of their population levels -- the smaller the average body size of seals in a population, the larger the population. Archaeologists studied seal fossils covering an 800-year period when the seals were hunted for food by Native peoples in North America and found that the average body size of the seals did not vary significantly.", "question": "The statements above, if true, provide the most support for which one of the following?", "options": ["Before the 800-year period studied, the average body size of northern fur seals fluctuated dramatically.", "Hunting by Native peoples in North America did not significantly reduce the northern fur seal population over the 800-year period studied.", "During the 800-year period studied, seal hunting practices did not vary substantially between different groups of Native peoples in North America.", "Native peoples in North America made an effort to limit their hunting of northern fur seals in order to prevent depletion of seal populations."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 5269, "answer": 3, "text": "A survey on the doctor-patient relationship by a research institution showed that the overall satisfaction of patients with doctors, nurses, and hospitals reached 94.6%, 93.5%, and 79.8%, respectively. From the survey data, the patient's attitude towards medical staff and the medical environment ,The satisfaction rate of items such as the convenience of medical treatment is more than 70%. Among the items most dissatisfied by patients, the top three items are the price of medicine, the cost of inspection and the total cost of medical treatment. Therefore, some people think that the high consumption of medical treatment is The root cause of patients' dissatisfaction with the hospital and the entire medical system.In recent years, some patients' disputes and even violent incidents with medical staff are only isolated phenomena.The high consumption of medical treatment is not the root cause of the violent conflict between doctors and patients.", "question": "Which of the following can weaken the above view?", "options": ["The survey shows that the evaluation of the doctor-patient relationship by medical staff is only 60 points, which is even lower than the evaluation of patients", "Medical staff are representatives of the hospital and the medical system", "The high cost of medical treatment is the root cause of the high consumption of medical treatment", "The doctor and the patient are two groups, not individuals"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 10874, "answer": 3, "text": "Selena claims to have psychic powers. So if we find out whether Selena' s claim is true, we will thereby determine whether it is possible to have psychic powers.", "question": "The conclusion drawn above follows logically if which one of the following is assumed?", "options": ["No one else has yet been found to have psychic powers.", "It is possible to determine whether Selena has psychic powers.", "We will not be able to determine whether it is possible to have psychic powers unless we find out whether Selena's claim is true.", "If it is possible to have psychic powers, then Selena has them."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 12073, "answer": 1, "text": "Contrary to Malthus' s arguments, human foodproducing capacity has increased more rapidly than human population. Yet, agricultural advances often compromise biological diversity. Ttherefore, Malthus' s prediction that insufficient food will doom humanity to war, pestilence, and famine will likely be proven correct in the future, because a lack of biodiversity will eventually erode our capacity to produce food.", "question": "The statement that human food-producing capacity has increased more rapidly than human population plays which one of the following roles in the argument?", "options": ["It is a part of the evidence used in the argument to support the conclusion that a well-known view is misguided.", "It is a general fact that the argument offers reason to believe will eventually change.", "It is an observation that the argument suggests actually supports Malthus's position.", "It is a hypothesis the argument provides reasons for believing to be presently false."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 15177, "answer": 1, "text": "Sociologist: Some economists hold that unregulated markets should accompany democratic sovereignty because they let people vote with their money. But this view ignores the crucial distinction between the private consumer and the public citizen. In the marketplace the question is, What do I want? At the voting booth the question is always, What do we want? Hence, supporters of political democracy can also support marketplace regulation.", "question": "Which one of the following most accurately expresses the conclusion drawn by the sociologist?", "options": ["Voters think of themselves as members of a community, rather than as isolated individuals.", "Opposition to unregulated markets is consistent with support for democracy.", "Where there is democratic sovereignty there should be unregulated markets.", "Unregulated markets are incompatible with democratic sovereignty."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 2808, "answer": 0, "text": "A study found that girls who use drugs (such as ecstasy) are two to three times more likely to suffer from depression than girls who do not; boys who alcoholism alcohol are 5 times more likely to suffer from depression than boys who do not alcoholism. Times. In addition, depression can reduce the impulse to make mistakes in children who do not have bad behaviors, but it can make children who have had the above bad behaviors behave more out of the ordinary.", "question": "If the above judgment is true, which of the following must be true?", "options": ["Children who behave out of the ordinary tend to be depressed, which aggravates their out-of-special behavior.", "Boys who alcoholism alcohol are more likely to suffer from depression than girls who consume ecstasy.", "Depression can make people lose the joy of life and lead to unusual behavior.", "Most of the children without bad habits have harmonious and happy families."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 8927, "answer": 3, "text": "A group traveling to Tibet, besides Lhasa, there are six cities or scenic spots to choose from: E City, F City, G Lake, H mountain, I peak, J Lake. Considering such factors as time, funds, plateau environment and personnel's physical condition, (1) at least one of G lake and J Lake should be visited. (2) If you don't go to E city or F city, you can't go to G Lake. (3) If you don't go to E city, you can't go to H Mountain. (4) Lake J can be reached only after crossing peak I.", "question": "If the team does not go to I-peak due to climate, which of the followings must be true?", "options": ["The group went to E City and Lake J", "The group went to E city instead of F city", "The group went on an excursion to Lake G and Mount H", "The group went to F city and Lake G"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 11814, "answer": 1, "text": "Principle: If you sell an item that you know to be defective, telling the buyer that the item is sound, you thereby commit fraud. Application: Wilton sold a used bicycle to Harris, knowing very little about its condition. Wilton told Harris that the bicycle was in good working condition, but Harris soon learned that the brakes were defective. Wilton was ttherefore guilty of fraud.", "question": "The application of the principle is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that", "options": ["the application fails to establish whether Wilton was given the opportunity to repair the brakes", "asserting something without justification is not the same as asserting something one knows to be false", "Harris might not have believed Wilton's statement about the bicycle's condition", "the application uses the word defective in a sense that is crucially different from how it is used in the statement of the principle"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 3415, "answer": 3, "text": "Only one person can win the first place in a university essay contest. Who won the first prize? In their ranking predictions for the six contestants, A, B, C, D, E and F, the four made the following prediction: A: either I or B will win the first place. B: first place goes to either A or C. C: If E doesn't come first, F must have come first. D: First Place will never be A. After the game, only one person was found to be right.", "question": "Which of the following is the first?", "options": ["A.", "B.", "C.", "D."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 6722, "answer": 2, "text": "Wang Zengqi once said that language is not an external thing, it exists at the same time as internal thought and cannot be separated. In his view, to write a novel is to write language, Chinese class is to learn language, but language is not an empty shell, but to carry a variety of ideas, philosophy, ethics and morality. How to be a man, how to treat parents, brothers and sisters, how to treat friends, how to treat nation-state and their own labor, and so on, these coexist with language in Chinese class. In this sense, Chinese education must absorb and inherit traditional culture, and poetry is undoubtedly the integration of traditional culture.", "question": "Which of the following is the main content of this text?", "options": ["Poetry contains rich ideological, ethical and moral elements", "The Chinese education which is divorced from the inner thought is empty", "Attention must be paid to the role of poetry in Chinese educatio", "Chinese education needs to be carried out at the same time as ideological and moral education"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 9878, "answer": 3, "text": "Agricultural production cycle refers to the whole time from the beginning of production to the whole process of obtaining products in the continuous agricultural reproduction process. In the planting industry, it is generally from the beginning of the preparation of the land to the harvest of the product, and in the animal husbandry, it is generally from the beginning of raising young animals to the time of obtaining animal products. As the animals and plants of agricultural production have their own characteristics and are greatly affected by the natural environment, their production cycle is generally longer than that of industrial production.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the following relates to the agricultural production cycle is?", "options": ["Xiao Li cultivated land, sow seeds, beat branches, pick cotton, spin, weave...... Year after year, over and over again", "Huang runs a township enterprise, from raw material purchase, production management to product sales, he is hands-on", "Xiao Liu planted high quality apple trees in the barren mountain this year, and all the saplings survived and grew well after scientific management", "Xiao Wang has a pig farm, and though he repeats the simple and boring work of raising piglets year after year, he is always energetic"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 13327, "answer": 0, "text": "Each of many different human hormones can by itself raise the concentration of glucose in the blood. The reason for this is probably a metabolic quirk of the brain. To see this, consider that although most human cells can produce energy from fats and proteins, brain cells can use only glucose. Thus, if blood glucose levels fall too low, brain cells will rapidly starve, leading to unconsciousness and death.", "question": "Which one of the following most accurately expresses the main conclusion of the argument above?", "options": ["The reason that many different hormones can each independently raise blood glucose levels is probably a metabolic quirk of the brain.", "If blood glucose levels fall too low, then brain cells starve, resulting in loss of consciousness and death.", "Although most human cells can produce energy from fats and proteins, brain cells can produce energy only from glucose.", "The reason brain cells starve if deprived of glucose is that they can produce energy only from glucose."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 3979, "answer": 2, "text": "Administrative license refers to the act of an administrative organ granting a citizen, legal person or other organization permission to engage in certain activities upon examination in accordance with law.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the following is an administrative license?", "options": ["The A provincial government approved the land expropriation declaration submitted by a municipal government.", "Company B appointed Sun Qiang as the Plenipotentiary, making him responsible for business negotiations with foreign parties.", "The C Trade and Industry Bureau issued a business license to a school canteen on the application of it.", "The D Public Security Bureau agreed to grant a criminal suspect bail pending trial on the application of him."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 8977, "answer": 2, "text": "Silent Spring, written by Rachel Carson, an American popular science writer, is regarded as the first work of modern environmental protection movement in the West. Taking DDT as the main case, this book draws the conclusion that chemicals are seriously harmful to human health and the earth's environment. The publication of this book has triggered a national debate in western countries.", "question": "If the following statements are true, which of the following statements does not undermine Rachel Carson's conclusion?", "options": ["DDT not only kills mosquitoes that transmit malaria, but also does less harm to the environment", "Malaria has made a comeback after DDT was stopped in some parts of Africa", "The use of alternatives to DDT in developed countries is also harmful to the environment", "Tianjin Chemical Plant produced 1000 tons of DDT last year, most of which were exported to Africa to help local residents fight malaria"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 12737, "answer": 1, "text": "Coffee and tea contain methylxanthines, which cause temporary increases in the natural production of vasopressin, a hormone produced by the pituitary gland. Vasopressin causes clumping of blood cells, and the clumping is more pronounced in women than in men. This is probably the explanation of the fact that women face as much as a tenfold higher risk than men do of complications following angioplasty, a technique used to clear clogged arteries.", "question": "Which one of the following statements is most strongly supported by the information above?", "options": ["Men, but not women, should be given methylxanthines prior to undergoing angioplasty.", "Prior to undergoing angioplasty, women should avoid coffee and tea.", "Angioplasty should not be used to treat clogged arteries.", "In spite of the risks, angioplasty is the only effective treatment for clogged arteries."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 7469, "answer": 1, "text": "City-to-city consumption: refers to the way that citizens often go to each other's city for shopping due to the convenient transportation between the two cities and the different prices.", "question": "Which of the following options are for city swap consumption?", "options": ["Beijing resident Xiao Wang told reporters: in Beijing 6 yuan a jin of red Fuji apples, Tianjin 10 yuan can buy four; Beijing 80 yuan a barrel of cooking oil, Tianjin only 65 yuan", "Every time I hear that there is a shopping mall in Zhuhai for promotion, Ms. Li from Shenzhen will happily rush to go shopping. For half a day, the home is full of her trophies", "Every time Ms. Zhao returns from Korea, she buys a lot of cosmetics at the airport duty-free shop, which saves a lot of money than buying the same Korean brand in China", "Mr. Huang has worked in a certain city in the south for seven or eight years. Seeing that prices are soaring, he is ready to sell his house and return to his hometown in the north with his wife"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 14542, "answer": 0, "text": "Neuroscientists subjected volunteers with amusia -- difficulty telling different melodies apart and remembering simple tunes -- to shifts in pitch comparable to those that occur when someone plays one piano key and then another. The volunteers were unable to discern a difference between the tones. But the volunteers were able to track timed sequences of musical tones and perceive slight changes in timing.", "question": "The statements above, if true, most strongly support which one of the following hypotheses?", "options": ["Amusia results more from an inability to discern pitch than from an inability to discern timing.", "The ability to tell melodies apart depends on the discernment of pitch alone and not at all on the perception of timing.", "People who are unable to tell pitches apart in isolation are able to do so in the context of a melody by relying upon timing.", "Whereas perception of timing can apparently be learned, discernment of pitch is most likely innate."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 7990, "answer": 3, "text": "This year, 11 college entrance examination champions were rejected by the University of Hong Kong due to unsatisfactory interview results. This is the same phenomenon as mainland universities chasing high-scoring candidates for recruiting champion candidates, and the phenomenon of champion scholars in the college entrance examination. There is a sharp contrast. This move has caused a great uproar, and the media have pointed the finger at examination-oriented education. The author believes that the admissions of Hong Kong University and quality education are not directly related. They only admit students according to their own requirements. This kind of standard is only the standard of Hong Kong.as to whether it is the best or whether it is suitable for the situation in the mainland. it's a matter of opinion.", "question": "Which of the following is the opinion supported by the author?", "options": ["The admission criteria of the University of Hong Kong are not the best criteria for selecting students", "The University of Hong Kong has the right to enroll students independently, and the media should not criticize too much", "The criteria for selecting students at the University of Hong Kong are not in line with the current situation in the Mainland", "The reason why the University of Hong Kong did not admit the No. 1 Scholars was that they did not meet the admission criteria of the university"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 1318, "answer": 2, "text": "Different from the new concept of urban development in developed countries, many cities in China are still obsessed with building garden city. It is not bad to understand garden city as a cluster of flowers and trees. The problem is that many places understand garden city as low-density and wide roads, especially in the blind pursuit of wide roads in the construction of new towns, big square and big green belt, this is wrong.", "question": "Which of the following statements is most likely to be in line with the above author's point of view?", "options": ["Garden city has become an outdated concept of urban development.", "Garden city does not just mean a cluster of flowers and trees.", "The construction of garden city should not blindly pursue low-density and wide roads.", "There are misunderstandings about the concept of garden city in China."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 6909, "answer": 0, "text": "There is a well-known investment philosophy, that is, invest in a company with a moat. The general idea is that a company must have sufficient competitive advantages to resist the encroachment of other competitors on its own profitability. Investors can only invest in this way. Companies are likely to bring excess returns. However, moats often have traps, and the most common trap is market share. A higher market share is usually regarded by investors as the moat of the company, but practice has proved that this is not the case. Unreliable. Market share only illustrates the company's past performance, not the future. If there is not enough ability to resist foreign invasion, the company will have to maintain market share through price wars, and the result must be a sharp decline in profitability.", "question": "According to this text, which of the following statements is correct?", "options": ["Understanding competitive advantage as market share is one-sided", "The market share reflects the size of the company's competitive advantage", "Investors should consider both the profit margin and the company's market share", "The moat of a company does not guarantee investors' excess returns"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 8781, "answer": 2, "text": "An authoritative opinion poll conducted an investigation into the causes of the 9/11 terrorist attacks around the world and found that 40% thought it was caused by the unfair foreign policy of the United States, 55% thought it was caused by the conflict between Islamic civilization and Western civilization, 23% thought it was caused by the evil nature of terrorists, and 19% did not express their opinions.", "question": "Which of the followings is the most reasonable explanation, and the above seems to contain contradictory statements?", "options": ["The sampling of survey samples is not random, so it is not representative", "Some respondents later changed their views", "Many respondents believe that the causes of the 9/11 terrorist attacks are not single, but complex", "There was a technical error in the calculation of the survey results"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 9742, "answer": 2, "text": "The key for a city to achieve high-quality development is to establish a sound modern industrial system by promoting the development of the local manufacturing industry. The construction and development of the city's industrial park is very important to establish and improve the modern industrial system, so it is also the key to promote high-quality development.", "question": "Which of the following options is most similar to the structure of the above inference?", "options": ["To do a good job in the three major battles is not only a prerequisite for building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, but also a necessary basis for achieving high-quality development. Therefore, only by fighting the three major battles can we achieve all-round economic and social development.", "Products in all strategic emerging areas are high-end products. The products of a company are widely used in strategic emerging fields such as new materials. Therefore, the company is a high-end manufacturing enterprise.", "The underdevelopment of highway network will lead to the backwardness of traffic, and the backwardness of traffic has become the biggest bottleneck restricting the accelerated development of villages and towns. Therefore, in order to speed up the development of villages and towns, we must strengthen the construction of road network.", "Compared with the traditional way of raising seedlings, tissue breeding is a more efficient way of tissue rapid propagation. Therefore, it is of great significance to introduce tissue breeding technology."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 10986, "answer": 3, "text": "In the spring and fall, eastern pipistrelle bats roost deep inside caves. They feed at night on flying insects and must leave the cave to catch their prey. Flying insects are much more abundant on warm nights than on cool ones. Researchers found that many more bats leave the caves on warm nights than on cool nights, even though the temperature within the caves where the bats roost remains virtually the same from one night to the next.", "question": "Which one of the following, if true, most helps to explain the researchers' findings?", "options": ["The researchers studied only female bats, which tended to catch more insects on warm nights than did the male bats.", "Eastern pipistrelle bats are incapable of long periods of sustained activity outside the roosting caves on very cool spring and fall evenings.", "Because of the long period of winter inactivity, eastern pipistrelle bats tend to consume more insects per day in the spring and fall than in the summer.", "Eastern pipistrelle bats can detect changes in barometric pressure within the caves that correlate closely with changes in temperature outside the caves."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 12278, "answer": 0, "text": "Many parents rigorously organize their children' s activities during playtime, thinking that doing so will enhance their children' s cognitive development. But this belief is incorrect. To thoroughly structure a child' s playtime and expect this to produce a creative and resourceful child would be like expecting a good novel to be produced by someone who was told exactly what the plot and characters must be.", "question": "The argument is most vulnerable to criticism on which one of the following grounds?", "options": ["It fails to consider the possibility that something could enhance a child's overall cognitive development without enhancing the child's creativity and resourcefulness.", "It takes for granted that if something is conducive to a certain goal it cannot also be conducive to some other goal.", "It overlooks the possibility that many children enjoy rigorously organized playtime.", "It takes a necessary condition for something's enhancing a child's creativity and resourcefulness to be a sufficient condition for its doing so."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 6699, "answer": 1, "text": "Without the emergence of new scientific and technological views of Darwin, Marconi and other experts, the world's first science fiction would not have been produced; without general relativity and the development of quantum mechanics, the golden age of science fiction would not have been ushered in; without atomic physics and the development of space science, there would be no disaster science fiction or super space adventure novels.", "question": "Which of the following is the main idea of this passage?", "options": ["Science fiction plays a powerful role in promoting the development of science", "The development of science fiction depends on the progress of science and technology", "Science fiction is used to vividly describe the latest scientific discoveries", "Science fiction and science promote each other and develop together"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 6274, "answer": 0, "text": "Insufficient demand has caused overproduction, and layoffs and wage cuts have caused the income of low-income groups to continue to decline. Therefore, demand has become weaker, and overproduction has become more serious.", "question": "According to the above sentences, which one of the following statements is wrong?", "options": ["Overproduction is caused by insufficient demand.", "Overproduction is because there is no reasonable organization of production according to consumer demand.", "Expanding demand can ease the pressure of overproduction.", "Overproduction and insufficient consumption are mutually causal and exacerbated processes."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 13011, "answer": 3, "text": "The only songs Amanda has ever written are blues songs and punk rock songs. Most punk rock songs involve no more than three chords. So if the next song Amanda writes is not a blues song, it probably will not involve more than three chords.", "question": "The reasoning in which one of the following arguments is most similar to that in the argument above?", "options": ["The only pets the Gupta family has ever owned are fish and parrots. Most parrots are very noisy. So if the next pet the Gupta family owns is a parrot, it will probably be very noisy.", "All the pets the Gupta family has ever owned have been fish and parrots. Most parrots are very noisy. So any pet the Gupta family ever owns that is not a fish will probably be very noisy.", "Every pet the Gupta family has ever owned has been a fish or a parrot. Most parrots are very noisy. So if the next pet the Gupta family owns is not a parrot, it will probably not be very noisy.", "The Gupta family has never owned any pets other than fish and parrots. Most parrots are very noisy. So the next pet the Gupta family owns will probably be very noisy if it is not a fish."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 4705, "answer": 3, "text": "Green science and technology refers to the science and technology that advocates a civilized lifestyle and moderate consumption mode, emphasizes the rational development and recycling of natural resources, develops clean production technology, pollution-free green products, enterprises implement green management and environmental governance, and maintains the sustainable development of human society.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the following is not a means to develop green science and technology?", "options": ["Miniaturization of reduced materials for industrial products", "Reduce the land occupation of the plant and realize multi-function", "High recycling of waste", "Reduce the economic cost of raw materials"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 10959, "answer": 0, "text": "Most adults in country X consume an increasing amount of fat as they grow older. However, for nearly all adults in country X, the percentage of fat in a person' s diet stays the same throughout adult life.", "question": "The statements above, if true, most strongly support which one of the following conclusions about adults in country X?", "options": ["They generally eat more when they are older than they did earlier in their adulthood.", "They generally have diets that contain a lower percentage of fat than do the diets of children in country X.", "They generally consume more fat than do people of the same age in other countries.", "They tend to eat more varied kinds of food as they become older."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 4288, "answer": 3, "text": "International tourist personnel refer to people who enter my country's borders to travel, visit, inspect, visit relatives in my country, and engage in trade, sports, academic and technical exchange activities (including foreigners, overseas Chinese, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots).", "question": "Which of the following is international tourist personnel?", "options": ["Members of the diplomatic and consular missions in China and their families", "Seamen temporarily disembarked on international ships", "Foreign nationals who came to settle in our country", "Foreign art troupes that come to our country to perform cultural performances"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 3599, "answer": 0, "text": "As a strict economic concept, innovation specifically refers to the behavior of enterprises to obtain profits with new products, new services, new markets, new management and business models.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the following is not an innovation in the concept of economics?", "options": ["The core technology of deep diving of Jiaolong manned submersible", "A vegetable farmer sells vegetables from his greenhouse on the Internet", "A new model of three creations and three advances of a supply and marketing cooperative for agriculture", "Taobao under alibaba founded by Jack Ma"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 3348, "answer": 2, "text": "The king wanted to choose the smartest and bravest son-in-law for his daughter. Like all the suitors, he declared that he had locked the princess and the two lions into three houses respectively, and then wrote a sentence on the doors of the three houses to let the suitors open the doors they thought they could open. The door of the first room said there are lions in this house and the door of the second room said The princess is in the first room. the door of the third room reads there is a lion in this house.", "question": "Only one of the three sentences is true. According to this, which of the following statements is correct?", "options": ["The princess is in the first house.", "The princess is in the second room.", "The princess is in the third room.", "Three houses are filled with lions."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 5592, "answer": 2, "text": "The Dong Hu Lin people site is a human cultural site in the early Neolithic age. The human ossified stone found in the site is identified as two adult male individuals and one young female individual. A necklace made of small spiral shells is used at the neck of the girl's remains, and a bone bracelet made of cow ribs is worn at the wrist. This shows that human aesthetic consciousness has begun to sprout in the early Neolithic age.", "question": "Which of the followings, if true, weakens the above judgment most?", "options": ["Neolithic ornaments are usually stone tools", "The unearthed necklaces and bone bracelets are very rough", "Necklaces and bone bracelets are mainly used to express social status", "Two adult male remains have larger necklaces around their necks"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 10645, "answer": 2, "text": "Planting peach trees on their farm makes more sense for the Johnsons than planting apricot trees. Although fresh, locally grown apricots are very popular in this area, the same is true of peaches. However, individual peach trees cost much less to purchase and plant than do apricot trees, and peach trees also begin bearing fruit at a much younger age.", "question": "Which one of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the argument?", "options": ["The market for fresh, locally grown apricots has grown in recent years as awareness of the health benefits of eating fresh fruit has increased.", "Peach production has decreased dramatically over the last several years.", "Fresh, locally grown apricots sell at a much higher price than do fresh, locally grown peaches.", "It costs as much to water and fertilize peach trees as it does to water and fertilize apricot trees."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 13792, "answer": 2, "text": "When a city experiences a sharp decline in population, the city' s tax revenues, which pay for such city services as police protection and maintenance of water lines, also decrease. The area to be policed and the number and length of the water lines to be maintained, however, do not decrease. Attempting to make up the tax revenue lost by raising tax rates is not feasible, since higher tax rates would cause even more residents to leave.", "question": "The information given most strongly supports which of the following general claims?", "options": ["If a city's tax rates are held stable over a period of time, neither the population nor the levels of city services provided will tend to decline over that period.", "A city that is losing residents because tax rates are perceived as too high by those residents can reverse this population trend by bringing its tax rates down to a more moderate level.", "If, in a city with sharply declining population, police protection and water line maintenance do not deteriorate, some other service previously provided by the city will deteriorate or be eliminated.", "A city that suffers revenue losses because of a sharp decline in population can make up some of the lost tax revenue by raising tax rates, provided the city's tax rates are low in relation to those of other cities."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 4899, "answer": 3, "text": "Rabies is an infectious disease that does great harm to people and livestock. People and livestock are mainly bitten by sick dogs and infected with viruses, and die without exception. Medical research shows that injecting rabies vaccine within 24 hours after being bitten by sick dogs can greatly reduce the chance of disease.", "question": "Which of the followings can be infered", "options": ["The complete elimination of dogs will eradicate rabies", "Rabies vaccination can prevent the death of people infected with the virus", "Rabies virus has a incubation period of several years or even decades in human body", "Some virus infected people will still die after injecting rabies vaccine"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 883, "answer": 0, "text": "Consumption of iodized salt can prevent goiter, but excessive amount may cause harm to the human body. In this regard, some experts have pointed out that as long as the consumption does not exceed the standards set by professional departments, its harm can be completely avoided. Therefore, there is no need for people to worry about the consumption of iodized salt.", "question": "For the above conclusion to be established, which of the followings can be a prerequisite?", "options": ["Everyone consumes iodized salt in strict accordance with the standards set by the professional department.", "Few people consume large amounts of iodized salt.", "Current data shows that iodized salt only has side effects on a very small number of people.", "The side effects of iodized salt are not harmful to the human body."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 7003, "answer": 0, "text": "Throughout the history of currency development, currency internationalization brings some risks to the host country, but the risk is far lower than the benefits. From the perspective of ordinary people, the high degree of internationalization of their own currency means that in the process of traveling, consuming and studying abroad, it is more convenient to pay in their own currency without going through tedious exchange procedures; from the government's point of view, the issuing country of international currency can finance the international deficit by issuing its own currency and levies a seigniorage tax relative to other countries, the benefits of which are self-evident. As a result, the currencies of many countries are scrambling to internationalize.", "question": "Which of the following is the main content of this text?", "options": ["Reveal the reasons for the internationalization of currency", "Explain the result of currency internationalization", "Remind you of the hidden dangers of currency internationalization", "An Analysis of the ways to realize the internationalization of currency"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 13420, "answer": 2, "text": "Ethicist: A person who treats others well is more worthy of praise if this treatment is at least partially motivated by feelings of compassion than if it is entirely motivated by cold and dispassionate concern for moral obligation. This is so despite the fact that a person can choose to do what is morally right but cannot choose to have feelings.", "question": "If the ethicist's statements are true, then each of the following could be true EXCEPT:", "options": ["If someone wants to have compassion toward others but does not, that person is worthy of praise.", "Someone who acts without feelings of compassion toward those affected by the actions is worthy of praise if those actions enhance the welfare of the people affected.", "Only what is subject to a person's choice should be used in measuring the praiseworthiness of that person.", "If a person feels compassion toward the people affected by that person's actions, yet these actions diminish the welfare of those people, that person does not deserve praise."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 11974, "answer": 0, "text": "Demand levels for some categories of products are closely interdependent. When one type of a product can serve as a complement for another product, the levels of demand for these goods are positively related. An increase in the demand for one product usually increases the demand for its complementary product. Similarly, a decrease in the demand for one good causes a decrease in the demand for its complementary product.", "question": "Which of the following statements provides an example of the relationship between product demands described above?", "options": ["A decrease in the demand for CD players results in a decrease in the demand for CD's.", "An increase in the demand for butter results in an increase in the demand for margarine.", "A decrease in the demand for cable television results in an increase in the demand for satellite antennas.", "An increase in the demand for toothpaste results in an increase in the demand for cellular phones."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 13220, "answer": 0, "text": "Political scientist: While voters have a legal right to know what is being done by those whom they elect, there must be limits placed on public access to the detailed workings of the legislative process. Legislators receive little credit for reaching compromises but much criticism for failing to stick to their principles, and thus become less willing to modify their demands so that needed legislation can be passed.", "question": "Which one of the following principles, if valid, would most help to justify the political scientist's reasoning?", "options": ["It is acceptable to restrict some legal rights if doing so makes the political process more efficient.", "Legislators should be given credit for reaching compromises that facilitate the passage of needed legislation.", "Compromise between factions with equally compelling interests can only be effected by unprincipled legislators.", "Legislation should be written so as to benefit the welfare of all citizens, rather than only a few."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 4951, "answer": 1, "text": "There are several graduate students living in a dormitory, one of whom is from Heilongjiang, two from the north, one from Yunnan, two of them only took the philosophy of logic this semester, and three of them took classical music appreciation this semester.", "question": "Assuming that the above introduction involves all the people in this dormitory, how many people may be at least? How many people may be at most?", "options": ["It may be at least 3 people, and it may be at most 8 people", "It may be at least 5 people, and it may be at most 8 people", "It may be at least 5 people, and it may be at most 9 people", "It may be at least 3 people, and it may be at most 9 people"], "type": {"Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 7915, "answer": 0, "text": "Babies show a strong desire to master the environment at an early age. Due to the slow development of their movement control skills, their activities are limited. They do not have enough skills to dominate the environment to survive independently. In this sense, it should be said that they are unable to stand on their own feet.", "question": "Which of the following options means that the baby is unable to stand on its own feet mentioned above?", "options": ["They are completely unable to survive on their own.", "They can't control their movements.", "They only have the will to live independently.", "They don't have enough ability to adapt to the environment."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 7815, "answer": 0, "text": "Possession modification is a means of delivery of goods. In the transfer of movable property rights, both parties agreed by the assignor to continue to occupy the movable property. The right in rem becomes effective when the agreement comes into force.", "question": "Which of the following is the case of possession modification?", "options": ["A will sell his bicycle to B, at the same time the two sides agreed before a abroad the car is still used by A.", "A and B agree to sell their computers to B. Since the computer was being used by A's sister at the time of the transaction, A asked B to get the computer from his sister.", "A lent his necklace to B. B liked the necklace so much that he paid a certain sum of money to buy it.", "A sells his house to B, but the parties agree that until A gets a new house, A will live in the house."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 7121, "answer": 3, "text": "A unilateral civil legal act is a juristic act that can be established according to the will of one party.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the following is a unilateral civil legal act?", "options": ["While studying at a Chinese University, citizen John Johan rented 406 rooms at the university's academic Center for three months.", "Wang Yi deposited 4,500 yuan in cash in the ATM.", "Wang er found that he had run out of shampoo. He picked up a bottle of shampoo after paying at the vending counter in the supermarket downstairs.", "After moving, an old sofa and a 40% new washing machine were discarded by Xiao Zhang in the district garbage sorting and recycling department."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 1441, "answer": 1, "text": "During gambling, people tend to believe that past events affect the probability of future events. This is known as the gambler's fallacy. British scientists recruited 31 patients with insula injury and asked them to play a coin-operated machine. Other brain regions also recruited 13 patients with injury and 16 healthy comparison research, the study found that in addition to the insula injured subjects, others to be the result of almost won, the desire to continue to participate in the game are strengthened, who demonstrated the gambler's fallacy, scientists believe that the gambler insula area may be hyperactive, makes it easy to do Beyond logical reasoning, future treatments for gambling addiction might be targeted at the insula, with drugs or psychotherapy to reduce insula activity.", "question": "Which of the following is consistent?", "options": ["People with brain damage are not affected by the gambler's fallacy", "Decreased activity in the insula may inhibit the urge to gamble", "People who are addicted to gambling tend to make illogical reasoning in daily life", "Individuals with insula injury have difficulty estimating the probability of future events"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 13833, "answer": 2, "text": "Allowing more steel imports would depress domestic steel prices and harm domestic steel manufacturers. Since the present government will not do anything that would harm the domestic steel industry, it will not lift restrictions on steel imports.", "question": "The pattern of reasoning in the argument above is most similar to that in which one of the following?", "options": ["Building construction increases only when people are confident that the economy is doing well. Ttherefore, since people are now confident in the economy we can expect building construction to increase.", "The chief executive officer of Silicon, Inc. , will probably not accept stock in the company as a bonus next year, since next year's tax laws will require companies to pay a new tax on stock given to executives.", "The installation of bright floodlights on campus would render the astronomy department's telescope useless. The astronomy department will not support any proposal that would render its telescope useless; it will ttherefore not support proposals to install bright floodlights on campus.", "Since workers are already guaranteed the right to a safe and healthful workplace by law, there is no need for the government to establish further costly health regulations for people who work all day at computer terminals."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 6292, "answer": 3, "text": "From an economic perspective, there are two basic problems: one is the problem of incentive mechanism, and the other is the problem of coordination. In the final analysis, the system is used to solve these two problems. No matter what method you use, as long as you can solve it, it is a good system. Therefore, there is no standard system in the world. When people ignore these basic problems and simply apply certain concepts, problems will arise.", "question": "Which one of the followings is right according to the above paragraph?", "options": ["The importance of solving incentive mechanisms and coordination problems.", "How to use economics principles to evaluate a system.", "How to use economics principles to solve practical problems.", "The fundamental purpose and evaluation criteria of the system."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 5155, "answer": 1, "text": "Observers limited by malice and hatred, even with keen observation, can only see the surface; and only when keen observation is combined with kindness and love, can they explore the deepest parts of people and the world. And there is hope to achieve the most lofty goals.", "question": "Which of the following options can be derived?", "options": ["No one in the world can achieve the most lofty goals.", "Without keen observation, it is impossible to reach the deepest part of a person.", "The evil of human nature is a superficial phenomenon of human beings.", "Well-meaning observers cannot see the surface."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 5930, "answer": 0, "text": "There is a multiple illusion among the employed: that in this era of diversification and openness, everyone is responsible for their own future, and their choices for the future path are diversified and free. But just look at the reality and you will know this. The goal of this choice is singular.Everyone rushed to the city, staring at high-paying white-collar positions, thinking that it was a choice of personality, but actually all merged into the same river; thought it was plural, but was actually assimilated into a single; thought it was a free choice ,actually imprisoned by a closed mind-this is the multiple illusion.", "question": "Which of the following can be derived?", "options": ["Competition for high-paying jobs will become more intense", "Multiple choices are objectively non-existent", "Employers actually do not have the right to choose freely", "Society does not provide employees with multiple choices"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 10965, "answer": 3, "text": "The recent cleaning of frescoes in the Sistine Chapel has raised important asthetic issues. Art historians are now acutely aware that the colors of the works they study may differ from the works' original colors. Art historians have concluded from this that interpretations of the frescoes that seemed appropriate before the frescoes' restoration may no longer be appropriate.", "question": "Which one of the following principles, if valid, most helps to justify the art historians' reasoning?", "options": ["Art historians are the best judges of the value of an artwork.", "The appropriateness of an interpretation of an artwork is relative to the general history of the period in which the interpretation is made.", "Interpretations of an artwork are appropriate if they originated during the period when the work was created.", "The colors of an artwork are relevant to an appropriate interpretation of that work."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 3489, "answer": 2, "text": "Regarding reading, there are two views: one thinks that books must not be read or memorized by rote, otherwise they will become nerds; the other is that it is better not to read than to become a nerd. The basis is this motto: If you read someone else's work, you are just interpreting the author's thoughts in your own mind.", "question": "Which of the following options can be inferred?", "options": ["Other people's books should be read and have to be read", "Read other people's books, after a long time, you will become a nerd", "Those who hold the latter view cannot justify themselves", "Reading other people's books, no creative labor"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 9535, "answer": 3, "text": "A charity called on companies to donate tents to an area hit by torrential rain. As a token of gratitude, a certain area asked the organization which companies had donated. After investigation, we found that: (1) none of the four enterprises donated; (2) the D enterprise did not donate; (3) at least one enterprise of the B enterprise and the D enterprise did not donate; and (4) there were indeed corporate donations among the four enterprises. It was later learned that two of the above four situations were true and two were false.", "question": "Based on this, it can be concluded that which of the followings is correct?", "options": ["Enterprise A did not donate", "Enterprise B made a donation", "Enterprise C did not donate", "Enterprise D made a donation"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 10665, "answer": 3, "text": "Researchers in South Australia estimate changes in shark populations inhabiting local waters by monitoring what is termed the catch per unit effort (CPUE). The CPUE for any species of shark is the number of those sharks that commercial sharkfishing boats catch per hour for each kilometer of gill net set out in the water. Since 1973 the CPUE for a particular species of shark has remained fairly constant. Ttherefore, the population of that species in the waters around South Australia must be at approximately its 1973 level.", "question": "Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?", "options": ["A significant threat to shark populations, in addition to commercial shark fishing, is incidental mortality that results from catching sharks in nets intended for other fish.", "The sharks that are the most profitable to catch are those that tend to remain in the same area of ocean year after year and not migrate far from where they were born.", "The waters around South Australia are the only area in the world where that particular species of shark is found.", "Since 1980 commercial shark-fishing boats have used sophisticated electronic equipment that enables them to locate sharks with greater accuracy."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 13991, "answer": 0, "text": "Some people believe that advertising is socially pernicious -- it changes consumers' preferences, thereby manipulating people into wanting things they would not otherwise want. However, classes in music and art appreciation change people' s preferences for various forms of art and music, and there is nothing wrong with these classes. Ttherefore, __.", "question": "Which one of the following most logically completes the argument?", "options": ["the fact that advertising changes consumers' preferences does not establish that it is bad", "if advertising changes consumers' preferences, it generally does so in a positive way", "the social perniciousness of advertising is not limited to its effect on people's preferences", "consumers would still want most of the things they want even if they were not advertised"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 13173, "answer": 2, "text": "A government ought to protect and encourage free speech, because free speech is an activity that is conducive to a healthy nation and thus is in the best interest of its people.", "question": "The main conclusion above follows logically if which one of the following is assumed?", "options": ["Basic, inalienable rights of the people ought to be protected and encouraged by government.", "Universal human rights that are in the best interest of the people ought to be protected and encouraged by a nation's government.", "An activity that is in the best interest of the people ought to be protected and encouraged by a nation's government.", "A government ought to protect and encourage an activity that is conducive to the interests of that government."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 4110, "answer": 1, "text": "Screenwriter-style viewers refer to those who don't mind being told of their core content and clues when watching movies and TV series, and even inquire about the plot introduction in advance, and go through various film reviews. This kind of movie viewers pursue the feeling of controlling the development of the plot and do not like to show Unexpectedly.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the following is screenwriter-style viewers?", "options": ["After watching a good movie, Xiao Wang felt that he should share it with his girlfriend, so he invited his girlfriend to the cinema to watch the movie and introduced her to the main content of the movie.", "Xiao Du emphasizes rational thinking about everything. For movies, he only has the urge to watch movies after he understands the authoritative evaluation, plot content, picture characteristics, etc.", "Xiao Li loves suspense movies. He likes to be intoxicated in brain-burning plots. His mood rises and falls with the plot. He often assumes that he is a detective and always casts a scrutiny examine at others.", "Uncle Zhang's wife watches TV dramas at home all day after retirement, know the plots of many TV series well and often tells them to Uncle Zhang"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 3906, "answer": 2, "text": "Physical evidence refers to material traces and articles that can prove the true circumstances of a case. Physical evidence is characterized by its shape, quality, characteristics and location, reflecting the facts of certain cases, which one can use to prove the facts of the case.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the following is the physical evidence?", "options": ["Traffic police take photos of the scene of a traffic accident on the highway while surveying the scene.", "A tape recording of testimony given by a witness in a vicious murder trial who was unwilling to testify for fear of reprisal.", "A stolen vehicle recovered by the police in a certain area during an operation against motor vehicle theft.", "Based on the fingerprints the police took at the scene of the robbery, the fingerprint report made by the identification officer."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 9853, "answer": 2, "text": "False correlation means that causality is inferred between two events without causality based on some other unseen factors (potential variables), resulting in the illusion that the two events are related. However, this connection can not be confirmed by objective experiments.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the following options is not a false correlation?", "options": ["The size of children's shoes and the child's language ability.", "The sales of cold drinks and the number of people drowning in the pool.", "The magnitude of inertia and the nuclear load of the car.", "The number of netizens and the degree of depreciation of the house."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 3829, "answer": 3, "text": "According to relevant surveys, 70% of Chinese families do not keep pets as long as they have children. Their view is that pets are a threat to children's health. In some Western countries, almost every family has pets. For them, pets are children. Indispensable playmates in the process of growing up.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the following options is correct?", "options": ["Chinese people care for children more than pets", "Westerners love pets more than their children", "Keeping pets has advantages and disadvantages for children, and the disadvantages outweigh the advantages", "Chinese and Western families have different ideas about keeping pets"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 11213, "answer": 1, "text": "Nature constantly adjusts the atmospheric carbon level. An increase in the level causes the atmosphere to hold more heat, which causes more water to evaporate from the oceans, which causes increased rain. Rain washes some carbon from the air into the oceans, where it eventually becomes part of the seabed. A decrease in atmospheric carbon causes the atmosphere to hold less heat, which causes decreased evaporation from the oceans, which causes less rain, and thus less carbon is washed into the oceans. Yet some environmentalists worry that burning fossil fuels may raise atmospheric carbon to a dangerous level. It is true that a sustained increase would threaten human life. But the environmentalists should relax -- nature will continually adjust the carbon level.", "question": "Each of the following can be inferred from the information in the passage EXCEPT:", "options": ["A decrease in the level of carbon in the atmosphere causes decreased evaporation of ocean water.", "A decrease in the level of atmospheric heat causes a decrease in the level of carbon in the atmosphere.", "An increase in the level of atmospheric heat causes increased rainfall.", "A decrease in the level of atmospheric heat causes a decrease in the amount of carbon that rain washes into the oceans from the air."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 6685, "answer": 3, "text": "With the development of production, people's division of labor is more and more detailed, science and literature are gradually separated, forming scientific community and literary world. Nowadays, the division of labor is more detailed, and people who study science are limited to a certain discipline, a certain major, or even a certain topic for a lifetime. In this way, walking apart like a mountain often limits people's sight and hearing to a very small world and becomes a slave to the division of labor.", "question": "Which of the following options most directly supports this view?", "options": ["The development of production leads to the separation of science and literature", "Literature and reason are inseparable, those who study literature should know more about reason, and those who study theory should know more about literature", "The division of liberal arts and science is necessary, but each should not draw a circle on the ground as a prison. Researchers should be proficient in both liberal arts and science", "To treat liberal arts and science equally, neither liberal arts nor science should be emphasized"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 9282, "answer": 1, "text": "The lower the credit rating of the borrower, the higher the cost of borrowing and the higher the yield of the creditor. On August 5th, 2011, S & P downgraded the sovereign credit rating of the United States from AAA to AA+. As a matter of common sense, investors should reduce their holdings of US Treasuries when they are in safe-haven demand, thus pushing prices lower and yields higher. However, on Aug. 8, the price of US Treasuries rose and the yield fell, and the yield on the latest 10-year Treasury note fell to 2.34%, the lowest so far this year.", "question": "If which of the following statements is true, which of the followings can best explain the above counterintuitive phenomenon?", "options": ["On the evening of August 5, the U.S. Treasury responded that S & P had a margin of error of $2 trillion in rating calculations.", "Compared with the bonds of the European Union, Japan and other countries, US Treasuries are still relatively safe and liquid investments.", "After the downgrade of the US sovereign credit rating, Russia began to reduce its holdings of US Treasuries, while China still increased its holdings of US Treasuries.", "In order to break the monopoly of S & P and other three American rating agencies, the European Union plans to establish an European credit rating agency."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 8783, "answer": 1, "text": "Harbin people are all northerners, and some Harbin people are not workers.", "question": "If the above proposition is correct, which of the followings must also be true?", "options": ["Some northerners are workers", "Some workers are northerners", "Some northerners are not workers", "Some workers are not northerners"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 11738, "answer": 1, "text": "Aerobics instructor: Compared to many forms of exercise, kickboxing aerobics is highly risky. Overextending when kicking often leads to hip, knee, or lower-back injuries. Such overextension is very likely to occur when beginners try to match the high kicks of more skilled practitioners.", "question": "Which one of the following is most strongly supported by the aerobics instructor's statements?", "options": ["Kickboxing aerobics is more risky than forms of aerobic exercise that do not involve high kicks.", "To reduce the risk of injuries, beginners at kickboxing aerobics should avoid trying to match the high kicks of more skilled practitioners.", "Beginners at kickboxing aerobics will not experience injuries if they avoid trying to match the high kicks of more skilled practitioners.", "Skilled practitioners of kickboxing aerobics are unlikely to experience injuries from overextending while kicking."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 10954, "answer": 1, "text": "The commercial news media emphasize exceptional events such as airplane crashes at the expense of those such as automobile accidents, which occur far more frequently and represent a far greater risk to the public. Yet the public tends to interpret the degree of emphasis the news media give to these occurrences as indicating the degree of risk they represent.", "question": "If the statements above are true, which one of the following conclusions is most strongly supported by them?", "options": ["Print media, such as newspapers and magazines, are a better source of information than are broadcast media.", "Where commercial news media constitute the dominant source of information, public perception of risk does not reflect actual risk.", "A massive outbreak of cholera will be covered more extensively by the news media than will the occurrence of a rarer but less serious disease.", "Events over which people feel they have no control are generally perceived as more dangerous than those which people feel they can avert or avoid."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 3849, "answer": 3, "text": "The Mayan ruins unearthed jewelry workshops,It is located on the side of the road radiating outward from the center of the site. Since the aristocracy lived only in the centre, archaeologists concluded that the jewellery produced by these workshops was not for the aristocracy, but for a middle class who must have been rich enough, you can buy jewelry.", "question": "For the craftsmen working in these workshops, which of the following assumptions did archaeologists make in their judgment?", "options": ["They live near the workshop", "They don't do door-to-door delivery", "They themselves were members of the wealthy middle class", "The raw materials of their products were different from those used in the jewellery for the enjoyment of the nobility"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 3298, "answer": 3, "text": "In my opinion, as a strict aesthetic proposition, the statement Small is beautiful is untenable. For example, classical poets like to chant small bridges and flowing water, small mouths like cherries, but there are many people take the opposite hobby, to praise the bridge across the sea or Sophia Loren mouth.", "question": "Which of the following options can be inferred?", "options": ["There is no absolute big, and there is no absolute small", "Small is beautiful is incorrect", "There is no absolute beauty, and there is no absolute ugliness", "Large and small, which form is beautiful, belong to radish and cabbage, each has his own love"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 5630, "answer": 3, "text": "Vertical thinking is a traditional thinking mode represented by logic and mathematics, which emphasizes the certainty of things and makes rigorous derivation from the previous point of view; Horizontal thinking focuses on innovation, considers the possibility of multiple choices, and pursues the richness of thinking.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the following options belongs to horizontal thinking application:", "options": ["Gold conducts electricity, silver conducts electricity, copper conducts electricity... So metals conduct electricity", "Kekule dreamed that the snake bit his tail and inferred the structure of benzene", "Faraday believed that electric energy produces magnetic field, so magnetic field can also produce electricity", "Based on the relative atomic mass, the element periodic table is used to predict the unknown elements"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 11751, "answer": 3, "text": "Commentator: In academic scholarship, sources are always cited, and methodology and theoretical assumptions are set out, so as to allow critical study, replication, and expansion of scholarship. In open-source software, the code in which the program is written can be viewed and modified by individual users for their purposes without getting permission from the producer or paying a fee. In contrast, the code of proprietary software is kept secret, and modifications can be made only by the producer, for a fee. This shows that open-source software better matches the values embodied in academic scholarship, and since scholarship is central to the mission of universities, universities should use only open-source software.", "question": "The commentator's reasoning most closely conforms to which one of the following principles?", "options": ["Universities should use the type of software technology that is least expensive, as long as that type of software technology is adequate for the purposes of academic scholarship.", "A university should not pursue any activity that would block the achievement of the goals of academic scholarship at that university.", "The form of software technology that best matches the values embodied in the activities that are central to the mission of universities is the form of software technology that is most efficient for universities to use.", "Universities should choose the type of software technology that best matches the values embodied in the activities that are central to the mission of universities."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 255, "answer": 3, "text": "Archaeology is a science that studies how to find and obtain the physical remains of ancient human society, and how to study the history of human society based on these remains. In other words, archaeology is the science of studying history through physical objects based on scientific excavation.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the followings belongs to archaeology?", "options": ["Study the authors of ancient books", "Verify the authenticity of auctioned ancient paintings", "Estimate the value of exhibited artifacts", "Study the age of unearthed farm tools"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 3640, "answer": 2, "text": "Assembly operation means that workers act on the labor object according to the work flow and order, and complete a certain amount of work at a certain stage in the production process, so that the production can be carried out continuously and without interruption.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the following is not an assembly operation?", "options": ["The engineering headquarters of an expressway contracted 10 bidding sections to 10 construction units for construction at the same time", "After a construction team has completed one construction object, it will complete another construction object", "A construction team worked on the 10th floor for a week,After completing the task, it moved to the 11th floor to do the same work on the third day", "A construction unit starts construction for all construction objects at the same time, and then ends at the same time"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 4287, "answer": 3, "text": "Conformity refers to the phenomenon that individual's ideas and behaviors change in a direction consistent with the majority of people due to the guidance or pressure of the masses.", "question": "Which of the following is not a conformity phenomenon?", "options": ["Do as the locals do", "Riots after the football match", "Destroy with everyone in the riot", "Buy lottery tickets"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 12517, "answer": 1, "text": "Only people who are willing to compromise should undergo mediation to resolve their conflicts. Actual litigation should be pursued only when one is sure that one' s position is correct. People whose conflicts are based on ideology are unwilling to compromise.", "question": "If the statements above are true, then which one of the following must be true?", "options": ["People whose conflicts are not based on ideology should attempt to resolve their conflicts by means of litigation.", "People whose conflicts are based on ideology are not people who should undergo mediation to resolve their conflicts.", "People whose conflicts are based on ideology are not always sure that their positions are correct.", "People who are sure of the correctness of their positions are not people who should undergo mediation to resolve their conflicts."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 12815, "answer": 0, "text": "Nearly everyone has complained of a mistaken utility bill that cannot easily be corrected or of computer files that cannot readily be retrieved. Yet few people today would tolerate waiting in long lines while clerks search for information that can now be found in seconds, and almost no one who has used a word processor would return to a typewriter.", "question": "The information above conforms most closely to which one of the following principles?", "options": ["The fact that people complain about some consequences of technology cannot be taken as a reliable indication that they would choose to live without it.", "If people do not complain about some technology, then it is probably not a significant factor in their daily lives.", "The complaints people make about technological innovations are more reliable evidence of the importance of those innovations than the choices people actually make.", "The degree to which technologies elicit complaints from people is always an accurate measure of the extent to which people have become dependent on them."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 2194, "answer": 2, "text": "Community home care for the aged refers to the way of providing professional and social services to the elderly living at home to solve all kinds of practical difficulties in daily life with the family as the core and the community as the support.", "question": "Which of the following options belongs to the community home care for the aged?", "options": ["Since he lived in the neighborhood nursing home last year, uncle Wen has gained five kilograms. Not only is life very comfortable there, but also there are more than 20 old people in the surrounding community. He is a little reluctant to go home even for the new year", "A community cooperates with a pension enterprise to launch an aging transformation project: reasonably adjust the living facilities in the bedroom, balcony, bathroom and kitchen according to the physiological characteristics and living habits of the elderly. Last year alone, the transformation of more than 600 families was completed", "Mrs. Zhou, who has retired for many years, goes to the community elderly care service center every morning to learn folk dance with professional teachers. She goes there as a volunteer in the afternoon and goes home in the evening. The center will also regularly send full-time personnel to her home for physical examination and other services", "An old age community in the South provides an online booking and rental service for the migratory birds elderly who are preparing to spend the winter in the community through the Internet plus community + service mode"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 8204, "answer": 3, "text": "At the shareholders meeting of a travel agency, the general manager proposed: According to the current overall plan of the company, I propose to open at least one of the two routes in Europe and North America, but the South American route cannot be opened immediately due to route problems. The chairman objected.", "question": "Which of the followings most accurately expresses the meaning of the chairman?", "options": ["The European line, the North American line and the South American line are all open", "The European, North American and South American lines are all closed", "At most one of the two European lines and North American lines will be opened, but the South American line will be opened immediately", "If the South American line cannot be opened immediately, then neither the European line nor the North American line can be opened"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 611, "answer": 3, "text": "Complementary pricing strategy means that enterprises set lower prices for main products (products with high value) and higher prices for ancillary products (products with low value), which is conducive to increasing overall sales and increasing enterprise profits", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the followings uses complementary pricing strategies :", "options": ["An online game launched by enterprise A is deeply loved by consumers, driving the hot sales of game peripheral products", "For the twelve zodiac series teacups sold in Dshopping mall, the price of complete sets will be more favorable than that of single purchase", "Company C has launched three new smart phones with 16g, 64g and 128G memory, with large price differences", "Inkjet printer produced by manufacturer B has good quality and low price, but the price of ink cartridge has been high"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 7046, "answer": 2, "text": "Compared with government public relations, non-governmental diplomacy is more flexible, the communication content and carrier are easier to be accepted, and can achieve the effect of moistening things silently. At present, more and more foreign people visit China, more and more Chinese citizens go abroad, and the development of online media also makes it easier for the general public to influence public opinion. Therefore, we should make good use of the situation, through news media and community organizations, non-governmental organizations and other channels, guide the domestic public to actively cooperate with public diplomacy, actively disseminate China's cultural traditions and values, and maintain the national image.", "question": "Is this passage intended to emphasize that?", "options": ["The difference between non-governmental diplomacy and government public relations", "The significance of non-governmental diplomacy in international exchanges", "We should guide non-governmental diplomacy to play an active role", "The media should correctly guide the public in international exchanges"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 6192, "answer": 1, "text": "Environmentalism is a belief and a strong desire to rebuild the relationship between man and nature. To realize this desire, we must establish a sense of natural community, that is, the role of human conqueror in the community must become an ordinary member of the community. It implies respect for each member, It also includes respect for the community itself. Only by establishing such a moral consciousness can people feel their obligations to the community when using their rights in the community. This depends not only on the scientific understanding of the nature, but also on the feelings for nature established on the basis of understanding.", "question": "This in the last sentence of the above text refers to which of the following?", "options": ["Feeling of love nature", "Establishment of natural community consciousness", "Desire to rebuild the relationship between man and nature", "Obligations to the natural community"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 4267, "answer": 3, "text": "Place phobia is mainly manifested as fear of certain specific environments, such as high places, squares, objective environments, and crowded public places. It often starts with a spontaneous panic attack, and then produces anxiety about expectations and the behavior of avoidance, and finally becomes conditioning. Some clinical studies have shown that, patients with place phobia are often accompanied by panic attacks. However, some experts believe that the first panic attack is a necessary condition for the onset of place phobia, and therefore claims that place phobia is the consequence of the development of panic attacks and should be involved into the category of panic disorder.", "question": "Which one of the followings, if true, can most question the above experts' opinion?", "options": ["The course of place phobia often fluctuates, and many patients may improve or even alleviate in a short time.", "Place phobia may be related to heredity and panic disorder.", "The study found that the onset of place phobia was mostly in people's 40s, and the course of disease tended to be chronic.", "The study found that some patients' place phobia appeared before panic attack."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 3481, "answer": 1, "text": "Four good friends made an appointment to have a field life experience on the isolated island for a month. Then they had the following conversation about the activity: A: none of us insisted on it for a month; B: one of the four of us persisted for a month; C: at least one of B and D didn't insist for a month; D: I didn't insist for a month", "question": "If two of the four people are telling the truth and two are lying, which of the following statements is correct:", "options": ["It's A and D who tell the truth", "It's B and C who tell the truth", "It's A and C who tell the truth", "It's B and D who tell the truth"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 1514, "answer": 1, "text": "Although architecture originated from practical life requirements such as cold prevention, heat elimination, shade and safety, in the history of architecture, human beings paid far less cooperative labor for solving practical life than for non practical aspects. Palaces, temples, altars, tombs, churches, monuments, gardens, etc. these buildings that all or basically serve spiritual life have far more achievements than houses and workshops, Fortress and other buildings serving material life. The evolution of architectural form and architectural style is often the most sensitive witness to the material and spiritual life of a generation of society. In the west, people vividly call architecture a history written in stone.", "question": "People vividly call architecture history written in stone for the following reasons:", "options": ["Architecture condenses the huge labor of human material production and is the direct result of human consciously transforming the objective world", "Architecture is the witness of the material and spiritual life of a generation of society", "Architecture is an important aesthetic object, and paying attention to it will get more aesthetic feelings", "Architecture serves both spiritual life and material life, both of which contain historical aesthetic factors"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 4008, "answer": 2, "text": "Augmented reality technology is a new technology that integrates real world information and virtual world information seamlessly, which is to combine the original real world, a certain time and space range, it is difficult to experience the physical information through computer and other science and technology imitation and then superimposed, the virtual information applied to the real world, is perceived by the human senses, so as to achieve the sensory experience beyond reality.", "question": "Which of the following options is not an augmented reality technology by the above definition?", "options": ["A submarine roaming system allows users to interact and play with marine creatures in the virtual scene through interactive experience equipment", "A game uses a tracker to detect users' movement, and provides users with a visual field including virtual landscape through helmet mounted display", "An intelligent contact lens developed by a scientist receives mobile phone data through wireless technology and projects the image on the mobile phone to the eyes", "An artist guides users to follow the instructions of the player in the physical space, and then becomes a participant in the situation they design"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 4033, "answer": 1, "text": "Note that it is psychological activity, pointing and concentrating on certain objects, that is accompanied by feeling. A common psychological characteristic of psychological processes such as memory, thinking, and imagination. Note has the characteristics of stability, distribution, transfer, wherein attention to transfer refers to a person can be active, purposeful, timely attention from one object or activity to another object or activity.", "question": "Based on the above conclusions, which of the following options is attention-shifting?", "options": ["Ms. Li can listen to the news on the radio while cooking", "Mr. Liu finished his work report at the conference and immediately began to write the work plan", "Mr. Wang can concentrate both at work and in his spare time activities", "Ms. Zhang was reading a newspaper when she was suddenly attracted by the quarrel outside the window"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 4640, "answer": 0, "text": "Advertisement proof is the proof document, certificate and material to show whether the advertiser's subject qualification is legal and whether the advertisement content is true and legal.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the followings can be used as advertisement proof?", "options": ["A certificate issued upon approval according to law indicating that an advertisement publisher is qualified to publish advertisements", "Enterprise legal person business license and business license approved and issued according to law, indicating that the advertising operator is engaged in business activities", "Production license certificate and product quality certificate approved and issued according to law, indicating that the advertiser has the right to produce a certain product", "Power of administrative law enforcement is the decision on administrative punishment made according to law against advertisement publishers, advertising agents and advertisers who illegally publish advertisements"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 10032, "answer": 3, "text": "On the last day of military training, a class of students carried out live fire, and several instructors talked about the shooting results of Class one. Instructor Zhang said that the time of this military training is too short, and no one in this class will have excellent shooting results. Instructor Sun said: No way, there are a few people who have trained before, so their shooting results to be excellent. Instructor Zhou said: I think the monitor or the sports committee can do well.", "question": "It turns out that only one of the three instructors is right, so it can be inferred that which of the followings must be correct?", "options": ["Everyone in the class did not shoot well", "Some people in the class have excellent shooting results", "The monitor's shooting performance is excellent", "The shooting performance of sports committee members is not excellent"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 4133, "answer": 2, "text": "Materialist dialectics tells us that we must look at the problem in a comprehensive way, not with partial generalizations; we must look at the problem in a connected manner to prevent isolated views; we must look at the problem in a developmental way, not at the problem statically.", "question": "Which of the following is incorrect?", "options": ["The problem should be divided into two, and we must see the good side and the bad side", "Not only to see the thing itself, but also to see its connection with the surrounding things", "Human nature is immutable, and criminals must not be given a chance to change", "Mankind's victory over cancer will surely win"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 8566, "answer": 0, "text": "The method of seeking common ground, also known as contract law, is one of the ways to explore the causal relationship between things. Its basic content is that in several occasions where the studied phenomenon A appears, only one antecedent situation is the same, then the same antecedent situation is the reason for the studied phenomenon A.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the following options belongs to the method of seeking common ground?", "options": ["In several cases of divorce, the situation is different, but the breakdown of the relationship between the two parties is the same. It can be seen that the breakdown of the relationship between both parties is an important reason for asking for divorce.", "The teeth of residents in some communities are very healthy, and residents also pay attention to the protection of teeth. Through investigation and study, it is found that there is natural fluoride in the water source of these communities, which shows that the fluoride in the water source is the reason why the teeth of the residents in these communities are healthy.", "Someone had insomnia for three nights in a row. On the first night, he read for two hours and drank several cups of strong tea. On the second night, he read for two hours and smoked a lot. On the third night, he read for two hours and drank two cups of coffee. It can be seen that drinking strong tea, coffee and smoking are the causes of insomnia.", "A pair of twins went to a restaurant and ate the same other food. One ate ice cream and had diarrhea, while the other did not eat ice cream and did not have diarrhea. Therefore, eating ice cream is the cause of diarrhea."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 7902, "answer": 3, "text": "An organ holds an autumn track and field meeting for staff and workers. It is known that all the workers who signed up for the sprint competition signed up for the shot put competition, all the workers who signed up for the long jump competition did not sign up for the shot put competition, and the staff and workers who signed up for the high jump competition also signed up for the long jump competition. The staff and workers who did not sign up for the high jump competition also did not sign up for the long-distance running competition.", "question": "According to the above statement, which of the following can be inferred?", "options": ["Some workers who signed up for the shot put competition did not sign up for the sprint competition.", "Some workers who signed up for the high jump did not take part in the long-distance race.", "All the workers who signed up for the long jump competition signed up for the long-distance race.", "All the workers who signed up for the sprint race did not sign up for the long-distance race."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 5325, "answer": 1, "text": "Reptiles are not amphibians, and all amphibians are oviparous. So all oviparous animals are not reptiles.", "question": "Which of the following options is the same as the problem-based reasoning form?", "options": ["All commodities are of use value. Mink coats are of use value, so they are commodities.", "If you fail the exam, you have to take a second exam. The students have the second exam can't participate in the selection of three good students. So all those who can't participate in the selection of three good students have failed the exam.", "Cantonese are not Hong Kong people. Hong Kong people speak Cantonese. So all Cantonese speakers are not Hong Kong people.", "Excessive doting on children will cause them to often cry. Frequent crying will make children has gastrointestinal problems. So children's gastrointestinal problems may be caused by parents' doting."], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 3472, "answer": 1, "text": "Card free payment means that the payer can transfer acceptable monetary claims to the payee without reading the physical card through the acceptance equipment through the Internet, mobile Internet, wireless LAN and other channels.", "question": "According to the above definition, which of the following items does not belong to card free payment:", "options": ["Xiao Wang is a online shopping master. For convenience of shopping, he launched Alipay's quick payment function, and entered the seller's Alipay account to complete payment.", "A university has opened the Campus All-in-one Card service, which can be used not only as a door ban card and library card, but also in restaurants and supermarkets, which is convenient for teachers and students", "Xiao Qian is a senior game player who often buys a large number of game equipment with online banking on the game platform", "Lao Wu, the owner of the restaurant, has opened wechat payment. When customers pay, they only need to scan the QR code on the bill with their mobile phone, that is, they can use wechat to pay the corresponding fees"], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 8111, "answer": 2, "text": "Navigation satellites are located at an altitude of 20,000 kilometers and can be navigated by receiving signals throughout their coverage area. Beyond 20,000 kilometers, a whole new navigation system is needed. Astronomers have proposed several possible navigation systems, the most talked about being pulsar navigation. Pulsars are neutron stars that emit radio or X-ray radiation in the direction of their magnetic poles. They pulse when the axis of rotation does not coincide with the magnetic poles and sweeps across the Earth. Some of these pulsars are so stable that they are comparable to the best atomic clocks on Earth that they are also known as the atomic clocks of the universe. If you can pick up their signals and know where they are, you can use them for interstellar voyages.", "question": "Which of the followings is most likely to be introduced next?", "options": ["Pulsar-like atomic clocks in the universe", "Some of the current difficulties of interstellar navigation", "Experiments to verify the feasibility of pulsar navigation", "Factors affecting rotational stability of pulsars"], "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 13439, "answer": 3, "text": "Some of the politicians who strongly supported free trade among Canada, the United States, and Mexico are now refusing to support publicly the idea that free trade should be extended to other Latin American countries.", "question": "If the statement above is true, which one of the following must also be true?", "options": ["Not all politicians who now publicly support extending free trade to other Latin American countries strongly supported free trade among Canada, the United States, and Mexico.", "Some of the politicians who strongly supported free trade among Canada, the United States, and Mexico now publicly oppose extending free trade to other Latin American countries.", "Some of the politicians who now publicly support extending free trade to other Latin American countries did not support free trade among Canada, the United States, and Mexico.", "Not all politicians who strongly supported free trade among Canada, the United States, and Mexico now publicly support extending free trade to other Latin American countries."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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{"id": 12775, "answer": 2, "text": "Newspaper editors should not allow reporters to write the headlines for their own stories. The reason for this is that, while the headlines that reporters themselves write are often clever, what typically makes them clever is that they allude to little-known information that is familiar to the reporter but that never appears explicitly in the story itself.", "question": "Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?", "options": ["The reporter who writes a story is usually better placed than the reporter's editor is to judge what 'the story's most newsworthy features are.", "Most reporters rarely bother to find out how other reporters have written stories and headlines about the same events that they themselves have covered.", "The kind of headlines that newspaper editors want are those that anyone who has read a reporter's story in its entirety will recognize as clever.", "For virtually any story that a reporter writes, there are at least a few people who know more about the story's subject matter than does the reporter."], "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
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