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Human: Going to start learning physics and math from scratch 6 years after school, where do I start? So, I am a mechanical engineer and most of what i learned about theoretical physics was in school. Although I was very good at physics in school, i want to learn it from scratch. Please suggests what are the resources that I should use to study physics and math. Thanks in advance. Assistant: What are your objectives? I believe it's the most important question. Physics is a very wide field with many different topics. Are you trying to get a deep understanding of a given subfield? Are you trying to get into a University type curriculum, that requires a wide command? How much time can you spend studying? You must realize that students usually spend a few years working about 25hours/week on some topic.	Human: Going to start learning physics and math from scratch 6 years after school, where do I start? So, I am a mechanical engineer and most of what i learned about theoretical physics was in school. Although I was very good at physics in school, i want to learn it from scratch. Please suggests what are the resources that I should use to study physics and math. Thanks in advance. Assistant: What do you remember from the physics and math that you learned?	-0.010154
Human: [Marvel]How does Captain America avoid bullets? I understand he has a bulletproof shield but there's only so much it can protect? What about back and legs? Is his suit/uniform bulletproof? Is he proven to be a bullet timer? Assistant: On top of what everyone else said about his reflexes, his uniform is also armored (though obviously not to the same extent as the shield). It's made of kevlar, nomex, and titanium weave, with a scale mail chestpiece integrated into the suit making it flame retardant, puncture resistant, and resistant to small arms fire	Human: [Marvel]How does Captain America avoid bullets? I understand he has a bulletproof shield but there's only so much it can protect? What about back and legs? Is his suit/uniform bulletproof? Is he proven to be a bullet timer? Assistant: I can only imagine his brain works somewhat sharper so he’s better than the average human at predicting where the bullets are going. Plus all that war experience as well.	0.075808
Human: Suggestions for Easy Christmas Treats? Hi! I’m already trying to figure out what to give out for Christmas to the people I work with. All I could think of is making smores bark but I wanted to see if any of you could share other options? I’m looking for something easy to whip up as I’ll be making treats for around 70-90 people. Thank you! Assistant: Dipped pretzel rods, dipped shortbread, basic sugar cookies, fudge These are my go to if I need a lot of something but not a whole lot of effort in comparison to my friends/ family cookie plates	Human: Suggestions for Easy Christmas Treats? Hi! I’m already trying to figure out what to give out for Christmas to the people I work with. All I could think of is making smores bark but I wanted to see if any of you could share other options? I’m looking for something easy to whip up as I’ll be making treats for around 70-90 people. Thank you! Assistant: Christmas Crack. Look it up on google. Basically, cook together butter and brown sugar till it is runny, sugar is dissolved. Pour it over a single layer of saltine crackers. Top with chocolate chips and put in oven for just a couple minutes to melt the chocolate. Then let it all set. It comes out as a salty sweet toffee that is not as hard as regular toffee. So good, so easy.	0.551423
Human: Is there any philosopher that argued that human self-consciousness arises from language? My thought on this is still blurry but it seems to me that language and self-consciousness are tightly linked. For example when I'm having a feeling or sensation the part that really enters my consciousness is realizing/experiencing/translating that things in words. I'd be interested to read some ideas that go in to that direction. Assistant: Lacanian psychoanalysis delves pretty deep into this. It's really weird and tough to understand but if you're up to the challenge you should definitely check it out.	Human: Is there any philosopher that argued that human self-consciousness arises from language? My thought on this is still blurry but it seems to me that language and self-consciousness are tightly linked. For example when I'm having a feeling or sensation the part that really enters my consciousness is realizing/experiencing/translating that things in words. I'd be interested to read some ideas that go in to that direction. Assistant: Donald Davidson argues that we who say that our dog "thinks the cat went up that oak tree" are mistaken, for a creature without language can have no beliefs; it thinks nothing. See: Donald Davidson - Rational Animals 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 David Finkelstein responded with a smackdown. See: David Finkelstein - Holism and Animal Minds	0.699775
Human: [MCU]Hey Debbi-Downers! We need to stop having a pity party and look at the BRIGHT side! The cop who gave me a ticket last week is gone and so was the judge when I showed up tocourt so I beat the ticket! What are some of the GOOD things to happen in your life/on Earth after the Snappening? Assistant: My job as a criminal in New York is twice as effective now! So many empty apartments, and for some reason apparently all of the street level heroes got wiped, as no one has seen that dude in the red suit or his friends at all. Guess they all got dusted.	Human: [MCU]Hey Debbi-Downers! We need to stop having a pity party and look at the BRIGHT side! The cop who gave me a ticket last week is gone and so was the judge when I showed up tocourt so I beat the ticket! What are some of the GOOD things to happen in your life/on Earth after the Snappening? Assistant: There's twice as much chance I can get with Jessica from 9th grade, who told me she might if I was the last man in the world! Although she hasn't posted a selfie on Facebook lately...	0.804153
Human: CMV: All drugs should be legalized If drugs were legal, then people could acquire them from reputable, government-inspected sources in a way that's much safer than getting them illegally from a dealer. Of course, many drugs are still inherently dangerous, but at the end of the day, people should be allowed to make the choice to put themselves at risk. Perhaps most importantly, many gang turf wars boil down to drug-selling territory. Innocent people are caught in the crossfire, and legalizing drugs could prevent much of this violence. If you choose to kill yourself with drugs, go ahead. It's when kids are put in danger while on their way to school that I have a problem. Prohibition is widely seen as a mistake today precisely because of the gang violence it spawned. Why is the War On Drugs any different? If anything, it's worse because it disproportionately targets communities of color. Anyway, I think drug legalization would solve tons of problems, but I've gotta be overlooking something. Tell me why I'm wrong. Assistant: I used to have this same idea until I did shrooms. I had a very bad trip and then I realized, although I am "responsible" enough to do these at home, and not go out and drive, I don't believe the vast public will. Considering the amount of DUI's we see just with alcohol, legal marijuana, and even prescription meds, the likelihood that people have enough self control to keep from that is way too low for me to support this idea.	Human: CMV: All drugs should be legalized If drugs were legal, then people could acquire them from reputable, government-inspected sources in a way that's much safer than getting them illegally from a dealer. Of course, many drugs are still inherently dangerous, but at the end of the day, people should be allowed to make the choice to put themselves at risk. Perhaps most importantly, many gang turf wars boil down to drug-selling territory. Innocent people are caught in the crossfire, and legalizing drugs could prevent much of this violence. If you choose to kill yourself with drugs, go ahead. It's when kids are put in danger while on their way to school that I have a problem. Prohibition is widely seen as a mistake today precisely because of the gang violence it spawned. Why is the War On Drugs any different? If anything, it's worse because it disproportionately targets communities of color. Anyway, I think drug legalization would solve tons of problems, but I've gotta be overlooking something. Tell me why I'm wrong. Assistant: Lots of drugs destroy lives. Addiction issues aside, consider something like krokodil. I think we should decriminalize drugs and fix the justice system instead. Some drugs should be illegal (to buy and sell), but our (society's) response to drug use should be to help and restore, not to fine, punish, and imprison.	0.737718
Human: [XMEN] Would Wolverine be better off if his adamantium claws just came as wearable gauntlets? Coating his entire skeleton in adamantium made his claws significantly more effective. But at the cost of his healing factor constantly fighting back against adamantium poisoning and putting constant strain on his body. Couldn't this have been remedied by simply making the adamantium claws into a set of retractable claws that Logan can just wear on his hands? Think about it, you've got the unbreakable claws, the classic bone claws chilling underneath for when his back is against the wall, and his healing factor is in peak condition. The Weapon X program may have just jumped the shark. Assistant: Even with his healing factor, you can still "kill" or incapacitate him by cutting off his head. Having adamantium around his skull and neck completely protects him from getting his head chopped off. There's also real benefits in fights from having your bones be covered in metal, like taking and dishing out hits better.	Human: [XMEN] Would Wolverine be better off if his adamantium claws just came as wearable gauntlets? Coating his entire skeleton in adamantium made his claws significantly more effective. But at the cost of his healing factor constantly fighting back against adamantium poisoning and putting constant strain on his body. Couldn't this have been remedied by simply making the adamantium claws into a set of retractable claws that Logan can just wear on his hands? Think about it, you've got the unbreakable claws, the classic bone claws chilling underneath for when his back is against the wall, and his healing factor is in peak condition. The Weapon X program may have just jumped the shark. Assistant: Long term he'd probably be healthier without the Adamantium treatment, though he'd be less effective in combat.	0.700234
Human: Trying to find the philosophy based on the idea that humans are always playing a character and never their true selves. In college I remember learning about a philosopher that believed a person was almost always playing a character and never their true selves (eg. when you work as a waiter at a restaurant you usually speak and act in a completely different manner then in any other facet of your life) I believe we may have been learning about Greek philosophers at the time but I’m not 100% certain. Assistant: This reminds me a lot of performativity. You might've heard of Judith Butler, famous for arguing that gender is a performance. Butler's work has spurred a lot of other work on performativity, so you could try searching in that direction as well.	Human: Trying to find the philosophy based on the idea that humans are always playing a character and never their true selves. In college I remember learning about a philosopher that believed a person was almost always playing a character and never their true selves (eg. when you work as a waiter at a restaurant you usually speak and act in a completely different manner then in any other facet of your life) I believe we may have been learning about Greek philosophers at the time but I’m not 100% certain. Assistant: You might be interested in the sociological concept of dramaturgy.	0.802088
Human: Let's talk vanilla What's is you favorite vanilla to use in most desserts? Is there a brand or region you prefer? Paste, extract, or bean? Assistant: I use Costco vanilla because it's so cheap I feel fine dumping massive quantities into food. Sorry, I'm pathetic. But I really do this. I raised two boys, lived through the teenage boy years where they would eat massive quantities of ANYthing, and never recovered from the "quantity not quality" methods of cooking.	Human: Let's talk vanilla What's is you favorite vanilla to use in most desserts? Is there a brand or region you prefer? Paste, extract, or bean? Assistant: I make my own. Vanilla beans, warm vodka, sterilized long neck bottles, a few weeks in the back of the pantry.	0.582561
Human: CMV: Islam is as much as, if not more of a cult that Mormonism A lot of people refer to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints as a cult. And I admit it has cult-like elements. Sure it is not like Waren Jeff\`s FLDS (a true cult) but it has certain cult clements. At the same time, Islam has more of these cult elements; but no one calls it a cult. Keep in mind I am referring to mainstream Islam, not Taliban, etc. Here are some characteristics of a cult Reverance to a leader * Well both faiths revere God. But the leader here is their founding prophet. Mormons reverse Joseph Smith, but Muslims almost worship Muhammed by attesting to his prophethood in prayers, adding a title to his name, etc. * While Muslims do not have a living prophet, Mormons do so in this area I would say Mormons are more culty. On the other hand, they are not more uniquely culty than Catholics and their Pope Strict Rules * Both religions are strict, but Islam is stricter. * Diet: Both prohibit alcohol. Mormons prohibit tea and coffe which is strict. But then Muslims prohibit pork, and require meat to be blessed and slaughtered in a certain way which is strict and also seems to lack basis (ie cult) * Sex: I mean, both follow conservative ethics. No different from any other religion - no sex outside marriage, no LGBTQ, etc.. However, with mosques and many muslim gatherins being gender segreated, in a way no other faith is, I\`d argue Islam is more culty. Also Islam still allows polygamy while Mormonism abolished it 100 years ago. * Dress: Mormons dress conservatively yes. But I mean nothing is as bad as the hijab. * Conformity: I mean Muslim women many are all dressed covered up, with a black robe. Can\`t tell one from the other. Moral Depravity of the founder: * Muhammed married a 6-year old and raped a 9 year old at 56. Smith married a 15 year old at 38. Both are wrong but one is a lot worse, incomprably so. * Muhammed broke his own rules by having 9 wives. Smith did not break his own rules, sure he had like 30 wives but everyone was allowed that. Specifial privilges for leader --> cult Gaslighting * Both have plenty of that. Mormons about thier past actions re: Black Men and the priesthood. Muslims about Muhammed\`s actions Difficulty of exiting * Both faiths it is extremely hard to leave. r/exmuslim and r/ExMormon both attest to this. You get shunned, disowned, gaslit, fear coming out, parents break down if you leave, etc. * But in Islam, it is a lot harder simply because in Muslim majority countries apostates are killed ( Apostasy laws world map - Apostasy in Islam - Wikipedia ) and many Muslims today maintain this belief ( Muslim beliefs on death penalty for leaving Islam (Pew Research Center 2013) - Apostasy in Islam - Wikipedia.svg) ). Not taliban or ISIS, just mainstream muslim nations While both religions are strict and hard to leave, I see Islam as more of a cult because of the death penalty on Muslims leaving and the very strict laws in Islam when it comes to gender, etc. Assistant: Mormons, especially in Utah, would appear to be a considerably more close-knit group which makes the "cult-like" label stick a bit better	Human: CMV: Islam is as much as, if not more of a cult that Mormonism A lot of people refer to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints as a cult. And I admit it has cult-like elements. Sure it is not like Waren Jeff\`s FLDS (a true cult) but it has certain cult clements. At the same time, Islam has more of these cult elements; but no one calls it a cult. Keep in mind I am referring to mainstream Islam, not Taliban, etc. Here are some characteristics of a cult Reverance to a leader * Well both faiths revere God. But the leader here is their founding prophet. Mormons reverse Joseph Smith, but Muslims almost worship Muhammed by attesting to his prophethood in prayers, adding a title to his name, etc. * While Muslims do not have a living prophet, Mormons do so in this area I would say Mormons are more culty. On the other hand, they are not more uniquely culty than Catholics and their Pope Strict Rules * Both religions are strict, but Islam is stricter. * Diet: Both prohibit alcohol. Mormons prohibit tea and coffe which is strict. But then Muslims prohibit pork, and require meat to be blessed and slaughtered in a certain way which is strict and also seems to lack basis (ie cult) * Sex: I mean, both follow conservative ethics. No different from any other religion - no sex outside marriage, no LGBTQ, etc.. However, with mosques and many muslim gatherins being gender segreated, in a way no other faith is, I\`d argue Islam is more culty. Also Islam still allows polygamy while Mormonism abolished it 100 years ago. * Dress: Mormons dress conservatively yes. But I mean nothing is as bad as the hijab. * Conformity: I mean Muslim women many are all dressed covered up, with a black robe. Can\`t tell one from the other. Moral Depravity of the founder: * Muhammed married a 6-year old and raped a 9 year old at 56. Smith married a 15 year old at 38. Both are wrong but one is a lot worse, incomprably so. * Muhammed broke his own rules by having 9 wives. Smith did not break his own rules, sure he had like 30 wives but everyone was allowed that. Specifial privilges for leader --> cult Gaslighting * Both have plenty of that. Mormons about thier past actions re: Black Men and the priesthood. Muslims about Muhammed\`s actions Difficulty of exiting * Both faiths it is extremely hard to leave. r/exmuslim and r/ExMormon both attest to this. You get shunned, disowned, gaslit, fear coming out, parents break down if you leave, etc. * But in Islam, it is a lot harder simply because in Muslim majority countries apostates are killed ( Apostasy laws world map - Apostasy in Islam - Wikipedia ) and many Muslims today maintain this belief ( Muslim beliefs on death penalty for leaving Islam (Pew Research Center 2013) - Apostasy in Islam - Wikipedia.svg) ). Not taliban or ISIS, just mainstream muslim nations While both religions are strict and hard to leave, I see Islam as more of a cult because of the death penalty on Muslims leaving and the very strict laws in Islam when it comes to gender, etc. Assistant: Once you control an entire region, be it Utah or the Abbasid Caliphate, you're not a cult. By definition, cults are a separate society within a nation, not the entire nation. If you just use "cult" to mean "a religion I disagree with," then you've ruined the whole usefulness of the term.	0.803327
Human: Is an air fryer really worth buying? How is it different from an oven? I have a really nice oven, that’s why I’m hesitant to buy an air fryer. How is an oven different from an air fryer? Assistant: For me, it's quicker to heat up, quicker to cook and easier to clean. I use my air fryer every day. Use my oven primarily to bake bread.	Human: Is an air fryer really worth buying? How is it different from an oven? I have a really nice oven, that’s why I’m hesitant to buy an air fryer. How is an oven different from an air fryer? Assistant: An air fryer is an awkwardly shaped, hard to clean convection oven. If you have convection on your regular oven you're set. There are some advantages to smaller ovens (aka "air fryers") including some speed. There are disadvantages: cleaning time, counter space, limited internal space.	0.695002
Human: Explain like I'm five years old: what happens in the brain when you draw a blank on a name? I'm talking about those things that you normally know but may forget momentarily. It's like your brain draws a blank or can't access the info. What causes that when it happens? Assistant: All actions by the brain are achieved by neurons firing. This means through all its inputs it received sufficient impulses to give off an impulse itself. When you draw a blank, at least one neuron on the path does not fire. Those neurons often change their wiring. So perhaps a signal got diluted. By reading up the name, you retrain those neurons and if the wiring is stable enough, the next time you remember the name.	Human: Explain like I'm five years old: what happens in the brain when you draw a blank on a name? I'm talking about those things that you normally know but may forget momentarily. It's like your brain draws a blank or can't access the info. What causes that when it happens? Assistant: What were we talking about?	-0.177487
Human: What are some good short essays that can be discussed in a Philosophy club in high school level ? Hello everybody, Some ‏‏‎ time ago I asked this sub for tips on opening a philosophy club, and citizenry were very helpful. Well, it is open now, but I found that if we are to discuss texts it is better to do shorter essays. In the last session, for example, we tried to do it on Postscript on Societies of Control, and that went okay. Can you recommend me similar, concise essays? Many thanks Assistant: Communist manifesto by Marx	Human: What are some good short essays that can be discussed in a Philosophy club in high school level ? Hello everybody, Some ‏‏‎ time ago I asked this sub for tips on opening a philosophy club, and citizenry were very helpful. Well, it is open now, but I found that if we are to discuss texts it is better to do shorter essays. In the last session, for example, we tried to do it on Postscript on Societies of Control, and that went okay. Can you recommend me similar, concise essays? Many thanks Assistant: Walter Benjamin has a bunch of short peices Check out To the Planetarium (on modernity, war, technology, and ecology), Capitalism as Religion (on the "contradictions of capitalism" and their psychological effects), and On the Mimetic Faculty (on art and language).	-0.11852
Human: What are the most useless engineering & technology master's degrees now? I want to know which master's degrees have the worst career prospects & are basically throwing money down the drain. Assistant: I'm 72. Did 8 years in the navy prior to college. Was an Electronics Tech; mostly vacuum tube stuff. Got out, went to U.C Davis. just as i was graduating EE/CS the first microprocessors hit the market. imagine my chagrin. Shift key buggered up.	Human: What are the most useless engineering & technology master's degrees now? I want to know which master's degrees have the worst career prospects & are basically throwing money down the drain. Assistant: I have a Masters in Space Engineering. Here in Australia we have no space industry.	0.181462
Human: What kinds of hobbies do you have? I am a young mechanical engineer, and I am wondering what other engineers do in their free time to stay sharp. I work at a smaller company as an engineer and I would say that I spend about 90% of my time doing drafting type work. With the volume of sales we've had since I've began there hasn't been much time for me to work on improvements or new designs, but I plan to talk to my boss soon about trying to shift more of my time towards that. I hope that accommodations can be made to better utilize my education. I'd rather use it than loose it. What hobbies or activities do you that helps out with your career? I would love to buy an extra vehicle to tinker with, but unfortunately apartment living doesn't make that very easy to get into. Assistant: Volunteer as a coach/mentor with FIRST Robotics. Www.firstinspires.org Opportunity to sharpen skills in "hard engineering" tasks like CAD, FEA, systems engineering, pneumatics, controls, machining, etc. Also soft skills in leadership, media, communications. Plus it's fun and is a community good.	Human: What kinds of hobbies do you have? I am a young mechanical engineer, and I am wondering what other engineers do in their free time to stay sharp. I work at a smaller company as an engineer and I would say that I spend about 90% of my time doing drafting type work. With the volume of sales we've had since I've began there hasn't been much time for me to work on improvements or new designs, but I plan to talk to my boss soon about trying to shift more of my time towards that. I hope that accommodations can be made to better utilize my education. I'd rather use it than loose it. What hobbies or activities do you that helps out with your career? I would love to buy an extra vehicle to tinker with, but unfortunately apartment living doesn't make that very easy to get into. Assistant: Hobbies that have helped out in my career? Computer Programming. High Power Rocketry. Advanced Spud Guns (I even got my employer to build a big one). These days I've been doing a fair bit of Cowboy Action Shooting (no, I'm not in that video), but it's probably the least work-related hobby I've ever had.	0.691345
Human: CMV: Evens and Odds is superior to Rock, Paper, Scissors I only found out about Evens and Odds a couple years ago so assuming someone else reading this might not know what it is, it requires two people to play. Prior to playing, one of the people either calls Odds or Evens. After that both people will reveal their hands which will have any number of fingers up. So one person might have one finger up and the other three fingers up. You add those together and get four, therefore whoever had Evens wins. Now that I know about Evens and Odds, I have no idea why Rock, Paper, Scissors is the more common way I've seen people attempt to resolve something since that game can end up in a tie requiring multiple play throughs. Evens and Odds will always resolve in a single play through which is why I would call it superior. Assistant: If I'm understanding this right, Even/Odds has a minimum result of 2 and a maximum of 10. Wouldn't you have the advantage then of picking even?	Human: CMV: Evens and Odds is superior to Rock, Paper, Scissors I only found out about Evens and Odds a couple years ago so assuming someone else reading this might not know what it is, it requires two people to play. Prior to playing, one of the people either calls Odds or Evens. After that both people will reveal their hands which will have any number of fingers up. So one person might have one finger up and the other three fingers up. You add those together and get four, therefore whoever had Evens wins. Now that I know about Evens and Odds, I have no idea why Rock, Paper, Scissors is the more common way I've seen people attempt to resolve something since that game can end up in a tie requiring multiple play throughs. Evens and Odds will always resolve in a single play through which is why I would call it superior. Assistant: You can teach a threw year old rock, paper, scissors. It's not going to be nearly as easy to teach a three year old basic math and what and even and odd number even is.	0.709752
Human: Is it possible to make a cheese cake as tall as a 4 layer cake? I have been decorating cakes this summer, and I found a design I LOVE for my friend's birthday (late November). It's a cat. This is the design inspiration. But my friend hates birthday cake, and wants cheesecake instead. Is there a way to make a cheese cake as tall as the four layer cake in the photo, so I can decorate it exactly like the image? Or do I need to improvise and just decorate the top of it something like this. (Let's be nice about my graphic design skills, of which I have absolutely zero and I know it already. Not my field. Cake decorating is the thing here.) I have searched for "tall" cheesecake methods or recipes and come up with nothing near this height. Stacking layers of birthday cake is difficult in itself; I am trying to imagine a way to stack layers of cheese cake. Is it just gonna collapse? Depending on the advice here, my first thoughts will be to do a test run and stack the layers like any other cake. Thanks in advance! Assistant: There's a lot of white space in that design. You could just make a flatter cat.	Human: Is it possible to make a cheese cake as tall as a 4 layer cake? I have been decorating cakes this summer, and I found a design I LOVE for my friend's birthday (late November). It's a cat. This is the design inspiration. But my friend hates birthday cake, and wants cheesecake instead. Is there a way to make a cheese cake as tall as the four layer cake in the photo, so I can decorate it exactly like the image? Or do I need to improvise and just decorate the top of it something like this. (Let's be nice about my graphic design skills, of which I have absolutely zero and I know it already. Not my field. Cake decorating is the thing here.) I have searched for "tall" cheesecake methods or recipes and come up with nothing near this height. Stacking layers of birthday cake is difficult in itself; I am trying to imagine a way to stack layers of cheese cake. Is it just gonna collapse? Depending on the advice here, my first thoughts will be to do a test run and stack the layers like any other cake. Thanks in advance! Assistant: Frankly, considering how dense cheesecake is, I'd probably not want to stack it. I'd say rotate the original design 90 degrees (so you're looking down at it), and if you need more cake, make a couple more...maybe even make several smaller ones and decorate them as mice.	0.597392
Human: How much money is it worth to renege a job offer for? Hi all, I'm in a tough position right now with a co-op position. I had accepted a co-op offer with one company, while finishing up the interviewing process with another (one of its competitors, coincidentally). I had assumed that I would decline Company 2 if they gave me an offer, as I thought I would enjoy the work and people a little bit more at Company 1, and the difference in pay would likely not be much. However, Company 2 gave me an offer today that pays around 75% more, which would add up to a life-changing amount over the course of 8 or so months. This has put me in a really difficult spot, and so, I turn to the Internet for advice. Do I have any bargaining power as a college student to ask Company 1 for more? Would I be blacklisted from working there/in the industry if I reneged? What would you do in this situation? Any advice would be appreciated! Assistant: 75% more of next-to-nothing isn't much more than next-to-nothing. Weigh the long term ramifications of burning a bridge and a comparison of full-time, salaried opportunities at both companies (or benefits to you if you were to look beyond the two). A co-op to get a foot in the door somewhere great is sometimes better than the temporary bump in pay.	Human: How much money is it worth to renege a job offer for? Hi all, I'm in a tough position right now with a co-op position. I had accepted a co-op offer with one company, while finishing up the interviewing process with another (one of its competitors, coincidentally). I had assumed that I would decline Company 2 if they gave me an offer, as I thought I would enjoy the work and people a little bit more at Company 1, and the difference in pay would likely not be much. However, Company 2 gave me an offer today that pays around 75% more, which would add up to a life-changing amount over the course of 8 or so months. This has put me in a really difficult spot, and so, I turn to the Internet for advice. Do I have any bargaining power as a college student to ask Company 1 for more? Would I be blacklisted from working there/in the industry if I reneged? What would you do in this situation? Any advice would be appreciated! Assistant: I took a relatively high paying co-op job in college that gave me little to no experience. In the end I would have been better off doing an unpaid internship for a company where I actually learned something. You should consider the value of the work experience you may gain at both companies.	0.75576
Human: Using Oil from Jarred/Canned Ingredients for Cooking If I were making a dish featuring an ingredient like sundried tomatoes that comes packaged in oil, would it be wise to use that oil to fry up my aromatics? This sounds on paper like an easy way to impart more flavor into the dish, but I rarely see recipes suggesting it and figured there might be a reason why. Assistant: I do it all the time. Don’t waste that stuff. Use it in vinaigrette too. Olive brine, artichoke oil, Calabrian chili oil and of course sun dried tomato oil.	Human: Using Oil from Jarred/Canned Ingredients for Cooking If I were making a dish featuring an ingredient like sundried tomatoes that comes packaged in oil, would it be wise to use that oil to fry up my aromatics? This sounds on paper like an easy way to impart more flavor into the dish, but I rarely see recipes suggesting it and figured there might be a reason why. Assistant: Yes! I make a Mediterranean pasta dish that I picked up from America's Test Kitchen that uses a can of good quality tuna in oil, and I start off by sauteing the shallot and garlic in (half of) the oil from the tuna can.	0.506994
Human: If vaccines work by introducing a small amount of a foreign substance to your body to trigger an immune response to develop resistance, why don’t allergies work the same when they also trigger an immune response when exposed to something foreign to the body? Assistant: Allergen Immunotherapy is the process of slowly dosing the patient with relatively harmless quantities of their allergen. Eventually building up a tolerance to it. It's been used to treat several forms of allergy, but it's also a slow process.	Human: If vaccines work by introducing a small amount of a foreign substance to your body to trigger an immune response to develop resistance, why don’t allergies work the same when they also trigger an immune response when exposed to something foreign to the body? Assistant: Many of them DO work this way. Shellfish and bee stings are a good example - the first reaction is...maybe not so bad. But then it teaches your body how to recognize the foreign element, and your immune system can really go HAM on that thing (and freak out and kill you by accident) the next time it sees it.	0.622316
Human: How does my microwave sense what size potato it has? My microwave has a "potato" button on it. When I press it, it says "SENS", beeps after a minute or two, and then gives a time that is different every time. I get pretty much perfect potatoes every time. How does it work? Assistant: Since 2015 all potatoes sold in the US have RFID chips under the peel that have their exact parameters encoded.	Human: How does my microwave sense what size potato it has? My microwave has a "potato" button on it. When I press it, it says "SENS", beeps after a minute or two, and then gives a time that is different every time. I get pretty much perfect potatoes every time. How does it work? Assistant: Not an engineer: it uses humidity and temperature to estimate how much potato is in there. Then it sets itself to how long it would have to cook x amount of potato. But some estimate better than others.	0.802433
Human: (MN) My now ex boyfriend broke into my house, beat me up (a legally disabled person 25F), threw my dogs into a wall, and damaged the property as well as interfering with emergency communications. I've decided to press charges, can I bring up past abuse? Hes been hitting me for almost 2 years I have lupus, legally 80% disabled. my now ex boyfriend has a severe drinking problem, and I was finally able to call the police the last time he went on a rampage. he always took my phone away and locked me inside the house after he threw me around. it's been once a month for almost 2 years. I have decided to press charges along with the state (MN), mostly because this time he hurt my dog. I am curious if i can bring up past abuse, or if I am restricted to just the time when I was able to call the police. I have dated videos and pictures from past assaults. I am talking to an attorney this week, but I'm just curious. Assistant: Yes, Minn. Stat. 634.20 allows his prior behavior to be brought up during trial to a certain extent as "relationship evidence." The prosecutor will have to provide notice before trial, and the judge will probably put some limits on how much you can talk about. The prosecutor will discuss this with you if it goes to trial.	Human: (MN) My now ex boyfriend broke into my house, beat me up (a legally disabled person 25F), threw my dogs into a wall, and damaged the property as well as interfering with emergency communications. I've decided to press charges, can I bring up past abuse? Hes been hitting me for almost 2 years I have lupus, legally 80% disabled. my now ex boyfriend has a severe drinking problem, and I was finally able to call the police the last time he went on a rampage. he always took my phone away and locked me inside the house after he threw me around. it's been once a month for almost 2 years. I have decided to press charges along with the state (MN), mostly because this time he hurt my dog. I am curious if i can bring up past abuse, or if I am restricted to just the time when I was able to call the police. I have dated videos and pictures from past assaults. I am talking to an attorney this week, but I'm just curious. Assistant: No attorney needed unless you plan on suing him, which if he is broke is pointless because attorneys cost $$$. Report the incidences to the police who will decide what action to take.	0.802418
Human: Explain like I'm five years old: Why don't birds get electrocuted on power lines? Humans do, right? Assistant: >Humans do, right? Not if you do it the way birds do, which is to only touch one wire. If you only touch one wire, the electricity has nowhere to go, so it doesn't go through you. If you touch one wire and the ground, or one wire and something conductive connected to ground, or two wires, then the electricity will flow through you from one to the other and you will be in bad shape.	Human: Explain like I'm five years old: Why don't birds get electrocuted on power lines? Humans do, right? Assistant: Are you answering okcupid questions?	-0.119322
Human: What is the most memorable instance of "over-engineering" you have ever witnessed? Assistant: The AN-94, also known as that time Russia took a very robust gun that works well and is cheap to produce, and found a way to make it run with an elaborate system of cables, levers and pulleys. The more I read about the damn thing the less I know how it works.	Human: What is the most memorable instance of "over-engineering" you have ever witnessed? Assistant: Walk into any gym. Most pieces of equipment that arent free weights. Cams, levers, pulleys oh my. The solution to replicating the ideal exercise motion seems to be resolved by increasing the complexity of the machine. My gym back home has squat racks with a rediculous mechanism that uses bottle jacks cotter pins and more. I asked someone why and apparently it's so more then one person of different heights can squat without unloading the bar. Rediculous.	0.709945
Human: How to calculate the internal pressure of a vessel containing a liquid when heat is added? Engineers, I may need some help with this new problem I came across while working on a project. I am trying to determine what the internal pressure of a closed off section of pipe would be containing number 2 fuel oil having a vapor pressure of 0.009 psi @ 70F when the temperature is increased. Assume I have a known volume of this liquid in an air tight sealed pipe, where the initial pressure is 20 psi and the initial temperature is 0 degree F. How would I determine what the pressure increase would be within the pipe if I were to increase the temperature to 100 degrees F? Does liquid expand when heat is added? I remember a tiny bit of thermal dynamics from college but can't seem to nail down the correct formula and process to get me to a straight forward answer. Any type of a lead or suggestion would be greatly appreciated. Much thanks! Assistant: A partial answer: you must account for the expansion of the pipe itself. Otherwise your answer will come out absolutely insane. The pipe will only expand a tiny amount, but the liquid only expands a tiny amount with temperature. If you don't allow the pipe to expand in your calculation, the calculated pressure will skyrocket and be totally unrealistic. API 521 has an equation for this that you might be able to google. Try searching for API 521 thermal expansion.	Human: How to calculate the internal pressure of a vessel containing a liquid when heat is added? Engineers, I may need some help with this new problem I came across while working on a project. I am trying to determine what the internal pressure of a closed off section of pipe would be containing number 2 fuel oil having a vapor pressure of 0.009 psi @ 70F when the temperature is increased. Assume I have a known volume of this liquid in an air tight sealed pipe, where the initial pressure is 20 psi and the initial temperature is 0 degree F. How would I determine what the pressure increase would be within the pipe if I were to increase the temperature to 100 degrees F? Does liquid expand when heat is added? I remember a tiny bit of thermal dynamics from college but can't seem to nail down the correct formula and process to get me to a straight forward answer. Any type of a lead or suggestion would be greatly appreciated. Much thanks! Assistant: Solving for pressure is actually really hard to do. If you have a 100% subcooled liquid it's somewhat manageable, but if there is any air or saturation it becomes very challenging, especially if this calculation is a dynamic system.	0.80217
Human: [VA] I don't think I have anything to prove that I exist as a US citizen and my parents refuse to help. Hi, I don't think I have a birth certificate or any other information to prove that I exist, such as a social security card or ID. I understand this may seem fake, but I'm being truthful and feel lost. From what I've gathered reading Virginia's website I don't have the documents I need to apply for a new birth certificate. I've searched online to see if there is anything else I can use and found that I would need school or medical records. However, I have never been to school and only went to the doctor once under my mom. On top of that I also don't know if there are records at any hospital of my birth either; my mom told me she had me at home with only her family present. I do not know if she's lying but it would make sense for her to give birth like that based on her beliefs. At this point will I have to apply for US citizenship despite being born here? I don't even know how I would do that, or if I could considering I have no documentation of being born in any other country. I have tried asking but I cannot get my parents to budge on helping me with this no matter what I say. They do not care about me or my future, genuinely. I have looked everywhere in the house for any paperwork that I think would be about me and I can find nothing, but can find things about my siblings. Please, I want to get out of this place. Could I call the cops on my parents for this? I will answer any extra questions people might want to know. Assistant: You are far from the first person in this position. A lot of people with your problem have had a much easier time getting it fixed after reaching out to their congressperson. Your senators and congressperson all have staffers whose sole job it is to help their constituents untangle difficult bureaucratic problems. I promise you, you won’t even be the first constituent without a birth certificate their office has helped.	Human: [VA] I don't think I have anything to prove that I exist as a US citizen and my parents refuse to help. Hi, I don't think I have a birth certificate or any other information to prove that I exist, such as a social security card or ID. I understand this may seem fake, but I'm being truthful and feel lost. From what I've gathered reading Virginia's website I don't have the documents I need to apply for a new birth certificate. I've searched online to see if there is anything else I can use and found that I would need school or medical records. However, I have never been to school and only went to the doctor once under my mom. On top of that I also don't know if there are records at any hospital of my birth either; my mom told me she had me at home with only her family present. I do not know if she's lying but it would make sense for her to give birth like that based on her beliefs. At this point will I have to apply for US citizenship despite being born here? I don't even know how I would do that, or if I could considering I have no documentation of being born in any other country. I have tried asking but I cannot get my parents to budge on helping me with this no matter what I say. They do not care about me or my future, genuinely. I have looked everywhere in the house for any paperwork that I think would be about me and I can find nothing, but can find things about my siblings. Please, I want to get out of this place. Could I call the cops on my parents for this? I will answer any extra questions people might want to know. Assistant: http://vlas.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Birth-Record-Getting-it-or-Changing-it.pdf This document from VA Legal Aid covers this exact situation.	0.21226
Human: Vegetarian and Vegan Culinary Resources We have a lot of discussions of favorite culinary resources here- cookbooks, podcasts, YouTube channels, etc.- focused on various cuisines and cooking specialties, but we haven't had one on vegetarian and vegan resources. Judging from the responses to the request for complex vegetarian soups last week, we have a lot of knowledge here. It's time to fill that notable gap in our FAQ. Where do you go to find recipes, advice, and specialty techniques? What are those resources' particular strengths? Assistant: First, i just wanted to say thanks for this topic. I've been on this sub for a few years, and there's been a history of hostility towards vegetarians and especially vegans. Seems like things are really turning lately, and that's incredible. It's difficult to find help and high level discussions about vegan cooking. On a slightly different note, does anyone know of any vegan cooking shows?	Human: Vegetarian and Vegan Culinary Resources We have a lot of discussions of favorite culinary resources here- cookbooks, podcasts, YouTube channels, etc.- focused on various cuisines and cooking specialties, but we haven't had one on vegetarian and vegan resources. Judging from the responses to the request for complex vegetarian soups last week, we have a lot of knowledge here. It's time to fill that notable gap in our FAQ. Where do you go to find recipes, advice, and specialty techniques? What are those resources' particular strengths? Assistant: Here's another - America's Test Kitchen Complete Vegetarian Cookbook along with a link to a 34 minute NPR radio interview with the authors about what they learned.	0.642322
Human: NH: My wife posted a sex video of me online right before she filed for divorce but the cops won't do anything about it State is NH. 6 months ago I did something stupid and made a mistake. I hooked up with a woman I had met on a FA/BBW website. I'm married and my wife is not big. I regretted doing it and I deleted her number after that and stopped visiting that site or any other. I never told my wife and tried to be better to her. We have been married for 6 years and together for 9 and we were trying for a baby. The video from the hook up was posted on my Facebook page. It also was linked to the website. I had completely forgotten about it. Both were taken down quickly but my wife left the next day and filed for divorce a week later. I went to the cops because I didn't post the video so I figured my wife must have because no one else has access to my Facebook or my phone. The cops interviewed me and my wife and they examined my phone. They say that my wife didn't post it because it was posted from my phone through our ISP and my phone was only pinging a tower by our house on the night it was posted. My wife was out with friends that night and there are pictures and witnesses to prove it while I told them I was home alone all night. I know there is no way I posted it. I had been drinking that night but I wasn't blackout drunk. Also my wife came home from the bar because she forgot something. I remember her playing with my phone before she left again. I also saw that on my tablet she had researched divorce lawyers and divorce after adultery before the video post. I think she already knew and posted the video as revenge. She told the cops she never left the bar and they say her phone was pinging a tower by the bar and that combined with the pictures means she didn't and they closed the case. But they also told me that if the woman in the video comes forward I could be in trouble for revenge porn. My wife is denying that she posted it or that she did those searches on my tablet. She also said she filed for fault divorce and she told me she took a copy of the video off Facebook and has screenshots of my visits to the FA/BBW website and the searches about fault divorce and adultery from my tablet. She told me she will be subpoenaing my phone records too. I need advice because I don't know what the fuck I should do or how I can get the cops to believe that she posted it. It's embarrassing because my family and friends saw it before Facebook took it down. Also how bad will the video be for the divorce if my wife was the main breadwinner and had paid for 100% of our home and all our bills and mortgage? Assistant: No sympathy. I hope your wife gets a great deal.	Human: NH: My wife posted a sex video of me online right before she filed for divorce but the cops won't do anything about it State is NH. 6 months ago I did something stupid and made a mistake. I hooked up with a woman I had met on a FA/BBW website. I'm married and my wife is not big. I regretted doing it and I deleted her number after that and stopped visiting that site or any other. I never told my wife and tried to be better to her. We have been married for 6 years and together for 9 and we were trying for a baby. The video from the hook up was posted on my Facebook page. It also was linked to the website. I had completely forgotten about it. Both were taken down quickly but my wife left the next day and filed for divorce a week later. I went to the cops because I didn't post the video so I figured my wife must have because no one else has access to my Facebook or my phone. The cops interviewed me and my wife and they examined my phone. They say that my wife didn't post it because it was posted from my phone through our ISP and my phone was only pinging a tower by our house on the night it was posted. My wife was out with friends that night and there are pictures and witnesses to prove it while I told them I was home alone all night. I know there is no way I posted it. I had been drinking that night but I wasn't blackout drunk. Also my wife came home from the bar because she forgot something. I remember her playing with my phone before she left again. I also saw that on my tablet she had researched divorce lawyers and divorce after adultery before the video post. I think she already knew and posted the video as revenge. She told the cops she never left the bar and they say her phone was pinging a tower by the bar and that combined with the pictures means she didn't and they closed the case. But they also told me that if the woman in the video comes forward I could be in trouble for revenge porn. My wife is denying that she posted it or that she did those searches on my tablet. She also said she filed for fault divorce and she told me she took a copy of the video off Facebook and has screenshots of my visits to the FA/BBW website and the searches about fault divorce and adultery from my tablet. She told me she will be subpoenaing my phone records too. I need advice because I don't know what the fuck I should do or how I can get the cops to believe that she posted it. It's embarrassing because my family and friends saw it before Facebook took it down. Also how bad will the video be for the divorce if my wife was the main breadwinner and had paid for 100% of our home and all our bills and mortgage? Assistant: >Also how bad will the video be for the divorce if my wife was the main breadwinner and had paid for 100% of our home and all our bills and mortgage? Damn, you're fucked	0.801312
Human: At my restaurant we are not utilizing our duck carcasses. What are some specials I can do with this. I've tried foie gras or making a stock for the risotto tha goes with our duck but my chef isn't sold. I need an idea to show my chef that we can do something delicious with it. Assistant: You should be: Rendering first at 80c getting the rest of the fat off. Then remove the extra meat and make rillette etc. Then you roast on high for 20 minute then into a sauce pot. In the end your carcass should weight about 60-80g and then you can grind that fucker down and add it to your herb bed. I run a zero waste kitchen.	Human: At my restaurant we are not utilizing our duck carcasses. What are some specials I can do with this. I've tried foie gras or making a stock for the risotto tha goes with our duck but my chef isn't sold. I need an idea to show my chef that we can do something delicious with it. Assistant: You should be using them for stock for sauces. If you’re wasting them, that’s a crime and your chef is a hack.	0.479723
Human: How frequently should i be bathing my cat? Shes a kitten about 55 days old and we got her a few days ago she still doesn’t trust us much but i want to know how frequently to bathe her can someone help me with that? A friend told me to bathe her with water 1-2 times a year but i feel thats way to little. I live in Egypt and its starting to get cold. Species: cat Age: 55 days Sex: female Not spayed Assistant: I think you’re very sweet since you said about 55 days as if that wasn’t a very exact number. From my understanding healthy cats do not need regular baths but yea, check other responses and best of luck. I’m sure she is super safe in your care.	Human: How frequently should i be bathing my cat? Shes a kitten about 55 days old and we got her a few days ago she still doesn’t trust us much but i want to know how frequently to bathe her can someone help me with that? A friend told me to bathe her with water 1-2 times a year but i feel thats way to little. I live in Egypt and its starting to get cold. Species: cat Age: 55 days Sex: female Not spayed Assistant: None at all.	-0.152305
Human: Are there any "solved" topics in philosophy? Okay. So, first, folks do forgive me if my post contains erroneous misassumptions regarding philosophy. I don't know much about it, but my (possibly wrong) impression of the field is that it's very, well, diverse. Lots of different viewpoints regarding different problems and questions - so not really "objectively" definable in, say, the way science can prove the speed of light is equivalent to 299 792 458 meters/second, or that humans generally take nine months to give birth. Are there any philosophical topics that were once the rage of the party - debated fiercely, to the death, perhaps - that are now settled, solved questions. Of course, I suppose that calls into question whether you can "solve" a topic in any concrete sense. To define it more simply, so, if we assume we can't "solve" something - say, what about an supermajority-type agreed consensus on a topic that was once, say, fiercly split or contested? (I suppose, as much as there can be an agreed consensus in philosophy...) Assistant: A pretty endless list of questions in Political Philosophy no longer have any defenders on one side of the question. Should we have an absolute monarchy, should we practise the institution of slavery, should women have the same rights as men, should our society be dominated by aristocrats etc. etc.	Human: Are there any "solved" topics in philosophy? Okay. So, first, folks do forgive me if my post contains erroneous misassumptions regarding philosophy. I don't know much about it, but my (possibly wrong) impression of the field is that it's very, well, diverse. Lots of different viewpoints regarding different problems and questions - so not really "objectively" definable in, say, the way science can prove the speed of light is equivalent to 299 792 458 meters/second, or that humans generally take nine months to give birth. Are there any philosophical topics that were once the rage of the party - debated fiercely, to the death, perhaps - that are now settled, solved questions. Of course, I suppose that calls into question whether you can "solve" a topic in any concrete sense. To define it more simply, so, if we assume we can't "solve" something - say, what about an supermajority-type agreed consensus on a topic that was once, say, fiercly split or contested? (I suppose, as much as there can be an agreed consensus in philosophy...) Assistant: I don’t think it’s right to equate a lack of debate with a question being ‘solved’. Basically everything in philosophy has either been fiercely debated or is fiercely debated. That, of course, doesn’t mean there isn’t some philosophers who consider something to be solved, perhaps even rightly so.	0.750171
Human: /r/askphilosophy Open Discussion Thread \| December 13, 2021 Welcome to this week's Open Discussion Thread. This thread is a place for posts/comments which are related to philosophy but wouldn't necessarily meet our posting rules. For example, these threads are great places for: * Personal opinion questions, e.g. "who is your favourite philosopher?" * "Test My Theory" discussions and argument/paper editing * Discussion not necessarily related to any particular question, e.g. about what you're currently reading * Questions about the profession This thread is not a completely open discussion! Any posts not relating to philosophy will be removed. Please keep comments related to philosophy, and expect low-effort comments to be removed. All of our normal commenting rules are still in place for these threads. Previous Open Discussion Threads can be found here or at the Wiki archive here. Assistant: Major news outlets are reporting the passing of bell hooks, who died today at age 69. I don't know how much of a philosopher she's considered, but her writing contributed greatly to critical theory -- especially in Black feminist thought -- and her books were informative to my education. May bell hooks rest in peace and power.	Human: /r/askphilosophy Open Discussion Thread \| December 13, 2021 Welcome to this week's Open Discussion Thread. This thread is a place for posts/comments which are related to philosophy but wouldn't necessarily meet our posting rules. For example, these threads are great places for: * Personal opinion questions, e.g. "who is your favourite philosopher?" * "Test My Theory" discussions and argument/paper editing * Discussion not necessarily related to any particular question, e.g. about what you're currently reading * Questions about the profession This thread is not a completely open discussion! Any posts not relating to philosophy will be removed. Please keep comments related to philosophy, and expect low-effort comments to be removed. All of our normal commenting rules are still in place for these threads. Previous Open Discussion Threads can be found here or at the Wiki archive here. Assistant: Does anybody use any particular software for organized note-taking? I’ve bounced around a bit—tried Evernote, and then for some reason it got abominably slow. Currently using MS OneNote. I’m thinking about downloading Hypernomicon, as it is free and was designed by a philosopher for philosophers.	0.643272
Human: Explain like I'm five years old Why is smiling an instinct for humans when we are happy, but an act of aggression for apes/monkeys? Assistant: It's not an act of aggression for most apes, it's a signal of nonaggression or submission, or fear, stress and nervousness, depending on which type of smile it is. The first type is the appeasement grin, used as a signal of submission to a higher-status member of their family group. It indicates peacable intent, acknowledgment of their lower status to the higher-status ape. The second type is the fear grimace, which is a signal of fear, uncertainty, or stress.	Human: Explain like I'm five years old Why is smiling an instinct for humans when we are happy, but an act of aggression for apes/monkeys? Assistant: When I was in a resort in Mombasa there was safety notices not to smile at the monkeys that were regular visitors to the balcony because they could become aggressive for that. They explained that monkeys interpret that like it was when a dog shows his teeth to intimidate others....	0.660069
Human: Fellow Engineers: Have you ever been trapped by a person with a "perpetual motion" invention idea? Thinking to a cousins husband here. He said you could utilize piezoelectric crystals to provide the "good energy" that you get from walking barefoot into your body. I was nearly comatose from Thanksgiving dinner and couldn't move. My wish was to be anywhere else. The fat feelings wouldn't let me get up from the chair. He couldn't interpret my facial expressions wishing for release from this mortal coil, so he kept on talking for a good 30 min. Have an example of a similar situation where someone comes up with a ridiculous "invention" that has no feasible way of working? Assistant: I once overheard a guy at the mechanic saying that he raised his back wheels so his car would always be going downhill.	Human: Fellow Engineers: Have you ever been trapped by a person with a "perpetual motion" invention idea? Thinking to a cousins husband here. He said you could utilize piezoelectric crystals to provide the "good energy" that you get from walking barefoot into your body. I was nearly comatose from Thanksgiving dinner and couldn't move. My wish was to be anywhere else. The fat feelings wouldn't let me get up from the chair. He couldn't interpret my facial expressions wishing for release from this mortal coil, so he kept on talking for a good 30 min. Have an example of a similar situation where someone comes up with a ridiculous "invention" that has no feasible way of working? Assistant: I once had a flat mate who insisted he could power his car by using the battery to electrolyse water into hydrogen and oxygen, then burn that gas mixture in the engine (along with petrol) and get more energy out than he put in.	0.366358
Human: Have whitening toothpastes improved measurably in recent years, or is it all hype? Has the effectiveness of whitening toothpastes improved measurably in recent (or not so recent) years, or is it all hype? What, if any, ingredients are responsible? Assistant: Not sure if your question was prompted by this recent discussion but there may be some relevant info in here: http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/xjvxc/cheap_and_expensive_toothpaste_is_there_really_a/	Human: Have whitening toothpastes improved measurably in recent years, or is it all hype? Has the effectiveness of whitening toothpastes improved measurably in recent (or not so recent) years, or is it all hype? What, if any, ingredients are responsible? Assistant: Hype. Source: My dad is a surgical dentist and every time we've bought toothpastes together he kept reminding me this fact. Not the most valid source, so I'll wait for a verification from at least another one.	0.479401
Human: What's the current status of the "paradox of analysis"? And are there any strong and widely accepted resolutions? It would seem that figuring out a solution to the paradox of analysis would be of prime importance to philosophers, especially considering the fact that conceptual analysis seems central to philosophical practice. The wiki page, however, seems to list under proposed resolutions simply biting the bullet and claiming analysis gives us no new knowledge (which seems slightly crazy, as writing bachelor = bachelor seems to give you something epistemically different from bachelor = unmarried man), or going the Quine route and rejecting conceptual analysis outright (which most philosophers don't seem to accept judging by a survey of the field). I'm almost positive the wiki page neglects to mention other possibilities when it comes to resolving the paradox, and I'm hoping the good people here can point me in the right direction. Assistant: [Jeff King has a nice but older piece on this]( http://fas-philosophy.rutgers.edu/jking/papers/king_1998_what_is_a_philosophical_analysis.pdf)	Human: What's the current status of the "paradox of analysis"? And are there any strong and widely accepted resolutions? It would seem that figuring out a solution to the paradox of analysis would be of prime importance to philosophers, especially considering the fact that conceptual analysis seems central to philosophical practice. The wiki page, however, seems to list under proposed resolutions simply biting the bullet and claiming analysis gives us no new knowledge (which seems slightly crazy, as writing bachelor = bachelor seems to give you something epistemically different from bachelor = unmarried man), or going the Quine route and rejecting conceptual analysis outright (which most philosophers don't seem to accept judging by a survey of the field). I'm almost positive the wiki page neglects to mention other possibilities when it comes to resolving the paradox, and I'm hoping the good people here can point me in the right direction. Assistant: Can someone explain to me exactly what the problem really is? I mean, look at mathematics: the axioms of ZFC tells you how sets "work", i.e what they are. However, many interesting theorems follow, many of which are nontrivial.	0.552153
Human: My olive oil has brown cloudy streaks in it. I've never seen that happen before, is this normal or has it gone rancid? (Pic inside) Pic: http://imgur.com/zSsw6zv As the title says. I just poured some more olive oil from the container into the bottle. It didn't have brown cloudy streaks before. I don't know if this is normal or not as I've never seen it. The brand is Botticelli (in the tin cans) if that helps. It hasn't reached the sell by date and it seems to smell normal, kinda salty I guess? Thanks. Also sorry for the not so good phone quality image. Assistant: Based just on how it looks, it could either be metal/rust/contaminants from the can, in which case that would be bad, or it could be bacterial growth, which would also be bad. I would say in this case your best bet is really just to toss it. The loss in product and expense is not worth "experimenting" to see if it is good.	Human: My olive oil has brown cloudy streaks in it. I've never seen that happen before, is this normal or has it gone rancid? (Pic inside) Pic: http://imgur.com/zSsw6zv As the title says. I just poured some more olive oil from the container into the bottle. It didn't have brown cloudy streaks before. I don't know if this is normal or not as I've never seen it. The brand is Botticelli (in the tin cans) if that helps. It hasn't reached the sell by date and it seems to smell normal, kinda salty I guess? Thanks. Also sorry for the not so good phone quality image. Assistant: I wonder if the streaks could be rust from the can. Otherwise I've never seen this happen to oil. I will second what others have said about rancid oil having a nutty aroma and add that I usually describe it as "wet cardboard"	0.392989
Human: Books on Inuit mythology/folklore I’m asking for recommendations for books written about Inuit mythology and/or folklore. Preferably books written by an anthropologist or published by a university. Thanks! Assistant: Out of curiosity, why source mythology etc. from a university etc. rather than actual Inuit people? The colonial approaches to gathering information with first nation peoples is notoriously incomplete and at times even incompatible, incorrect, or harmful to the communities they study.	Human: Books on Inuit mythology/folklore I’m asking for recommendations for books written about Inuit mythology and/or folklore. Preferably books written by an anthropologist or published by a university. Thanks! Assistant: You can find a lot of Inuit in Franz Boas works. In case you don't know, Franz Boas is a german classic Anthropologist that moved to America and created Cultural Anthropology in US. Margaret Mead, Ruth Benedict and others. But I don't know about contemporary works	0.800274
Human: Brined turkey turned out way too salty. Trying to learn what I did wrong so I don't repeat it next year. I did a fresh, "antibiotic free" turkey for the first time this year. Spatchcocked, then brined in a turkey oven bag with a 2 cups salt / 2 gallons water solution (with some aromatics thrown in). Brined in an ice bath for about 18 hours. Pulled it out, rinsed it off, poured some boiling water on the skin to help with browning. It was a beautiful bird, but man was it salty. I have had varied results with this technique in years past so I read multiple instructions and tried to arrive at some consensus on the method. Any ideas on where I went wrong? *Quick edit: I know dry brining is now preferred. However, I don't have the fridge space for that and all the other things crowding my fridge at Thanksgiving. Assistant: One thing to check is if the turkey was brined before sold. I had a similar issue with some ducks I boight. I missed the label said it was already brined in a 12% solution.	Human: Brined turkey turned out way too salty. Trying to learn what I did wrong so I don't repeat it next year. I did a fresh, "antibiotic free" turkey for the first time this year. Spatchcocked, then brined in a turkey oven bag with a 2 cups salt / 2 gallons water solution (with some aromatics thrown in). Brined in an ice bath for about 18 hours. Pulled it out, rinsed it off, poured some boiling water on the skin to help with browning. It was a beautiful bird, but man was it salty. I have had varied results with this technique in years past so I read multiple instructions and tried to arrive at some consensus on the method. Any ideas on where I went wrong? *Quick edit: I know dry brining is now preferred. However, I don't have the fridge space for that and all the other things crowding my fridge at Thanksgiving. Assistant: I suspect your fresh turkey was a thawed turkey and was already treated with a solution. You brined it plenty of time and 2 cups of salt is not that crazy. I've never found brining to be worth it. Butter under the skin is the magic. Brine is a lot of work and I get the most compliments from the compound butter under skin method. Hopefully it goes better for you next year!	0.747027
Human: What are some misconceptions that are common among physics students? Somewhat inspired by this classic MathOverflow question. Feel free to share any frequent misconceptions that you've seen (or had!), preferably among students who are not novices. It could be conceptual, mathematical, or even academia-related. Even if it's a niche but persistent misconception in a very specific field, I'd love to hear it! Assistant: That getting an undergraduate degree in physics without putting any effort into developing other skills will be an automatic job ticket. Just barely passing your classes in a physics degree, never learning how to program, or design things, or do lab work, etc. will not qualify you for any job other than possibly below-average graduate student.	Human: What are some misconceptions that are common among physics students? Somewhat inspired by this classic MathOverflow question. Feel free to share any frequent misconceptions that you've seen (or had!), preferably among students who are not novices. It could be conceptual, mathematical, or even academia-related. Even if it's a niche but persistent misconception in a very specific field, I'd love to hear it! Assistant: That you have to be good at it to enjoy it	-0.221419