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Albania:
The agents we sent into Albania were armed men intent on murder, sabotage and assassination ... They knew the risks they were running. I was serving the interests of the Soviet Union and those interests required that these men were defeated. To the extent that I helped defeat them, even if it caused their deaths, I have no regrets. Aileen <mask> had suffered since childhood from psychological problems which caused her to inflict injuries upon herself.In 1948, troubled by the heavy drinking and frequent depressions that had become a feature of her husband's life in Istanbul, she experienced a breakdown of this nature, staging an accident and injecting herself with urine and insulin to cause skin disfigurations. She was sent to a clinic in Switzerland to recover. Upon her return to Istanbul in late 1948, she was badly burned in an incident with a charcoal stove and returned to Switzerland. Shortly afterward, <mask> was moved to the job as chief SIS representative in Washington, D.C., with his family. Washington, D.C. In September 1949, the <mask>s arrived in the United States. Officially, his post was that of First Secretary to the British Embassy; in reality, he served as chief British intelligence representative in Washington.His office oversaw a large amount of urgent and top-secret communications between the United States and London. <mask> was also responsible for liaising with the CIA and promoting "more aggressive Anglo-American intelligence operations". A leading figure within the CIA was <mask>'s wary former colleague, James Jesus Angleton, with whom he once again found himself working closely. Angleton remained suspicious of <mask>, but lunched with him every week in Washington. However, a
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more serious threat to <mask>'s position had come to light. During the summer of 1945, a Soviet cipher clerk had reused a one-time pad to transmit intelligence traffic. This mistake made it possible to break the normally impregnable code.Contained in the traffic (intercepted and decrypted as part of the Venona project) was information that documents had been sent to Moscow from the British Embassy in Washington. The intercepted messages revealed that the British Embassy source (identified as "Homer") travelled to New York City to meet his Soviet contact twice a week. <mask> had been briefed on the situation shortly before reaching Washington in 1949; it was clear to Philby that the agent was Donald Maclean, who worked in the British Embassy at the time and whose wife, Melinda, lived in New York. <mask> had to help discover the identity of "Homer", but also wished to protect Maclean. In January 1950, on evidence provided by the Venona intercepts, Soviet atomic spy Klaus Fuchs was arrested. His arrest led to others: Harry Gold, a courier with whom Fuchs had worked, David Greenglass, and Julius and Ethel Rosenberg. The investigation into the British Embassy leak was still ongoing, and the stress of it was exacerbated by the arrival in Washington, in October 1950, of Guy Burgess – <mask>'s unstable and dangerously alcoholic fellow Soviet spy.Burgess, who had been given a post as Second Secretary at the British Embassy, took up residence in the <mask> family home and rapidly set about causing offence to all and sundry. Aileen <mask> resented him and disliked his presence; Americans were offended by his "natural superciliousness" and "utter contempt for the whole pyramid of values, attitudes, and courtesies of the
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American way of life". J. Edgar Hoover complained that Burgess used British Embassy automobiles to avoid arrest when he cruised Washington in pursuit of homosexual encounters. His dissolution had a troubling effect on <mask>; the morning after a particularly disastrous and drunken party, a guest returning to collect his car heard voices upstairs and found "<mask> and Guy in the bedroom drinking champagne. They had already been down to the Embassy but being unable to work had come back." Burgess's presence was problematic for <mask>, yet it was potentially dangerous for Philby to leave him unsupervised. The situation in Washington was tense.From April 1950, Maclean had been the prime suspect in the investigation into the Embassy leak. <mask> had undertaken to devise an escape plan which would warn Maclean, currently in England, of the intense suspicion he was under and arrange for him to flee. Burgess had to get to London to warn Maclean, who was under surveillance. In early May 1951, Burgess got three speeding tickets in a single day – then pleaded diplomatic immunity, causing an official complaint to be made to the British Ambassador. Burgess was sent back to England, where he met Maclean in his London club. The SIS planned to interrogate Maclean on 28 May 1951. On 23 May, concerned that Maclean had not yet fled, <mask> wired Burgess, ostensibly about his Lincoln convertible abandoned in the Embassy car park."If he did not act at once it would be too late," the telegram read, "because [<mask>] would send his car to the scrap heap. There was nothing more [he] could do." On 25 May, Burgess drove Maclean from his home at Tatsfield, Surrey to Southampton, where both boarded the steamship Falaise to France and
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then proceeded to Moscow. London
Burgess had intended to aid Maclean in his escape, not accompany him in it. The "affair of the missing diplomats," as it was referred to before Burgess and Maclean surfaced in Moscow, attracted a great deal of public attention, and Burgess's disappearance, which identified him as complicit in Maclean's espionage, deeply compromised <mask>'s position. Under a cloud of suspicion raised by his highly visible and intimate association with Burgess, <mask> returned to London. There, he underwent MI5 interrogation aimed at ascertaining whether he had acted as a "third man" in Burgess and Maclean's spy ring.In July 1951, he resigned from MI6, preempting his all-but-inevitable dismissal. Even after <mask>'s departure from MI6, speculation regarding his possible Soviet affiliations continued. Interrogated repeatedly regarding his intelligence work and his connection with Burgess, he continued to deny that he had acted as a Soviet agent. From 1952, <mask> struggled to find work as a journalist, eventually – in August 1954 – accepting a position with a diplomatic newsletter called the Fleet Street Letter. Lacking access to material of value and out of touch with Soviet intelligence, he all but ceased to operate as a Soviet agent. On 25 October 1955, following revelations in the New York Times, Labour MP Marcus Lipton used parliamentary privilege to ask Prime Minister Anthony Eden if he was determined "to cover up at all costs the dubious third man activities of Mr <mask>..." This was reported in the British press, leading <mask> to threaten legal action against Lipton if he repeated his accusations outside Parliament. Lipton later withdrew his comments.This retraction came about when
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<mask> was officially cleared by Foreign Secretary Harold Macmillan on 7 November. The minister told the House of Commons, "I have no reason to conclude that Mr. <mask> has at any time betrayed the interests of his country, or to identify him with the so-called 'Third Man', if indeed there was one." Following this, <mask> gave a press conference in which – calmly, confidently, and without the stammer he had struggled with since childhood – he reiterated his innocence, declaring, "I have never been a communist." Later life and defection
Beirut
After being exonerated, <mask> was no longer employed by MI6 and Soviet intelligence lost all contact with him. In August 1956 he was sent to Beirut as a Middle East correspondent for The Observer and The Economist. There, his journalism served as cover for renewed work for MI6. In Lebanon, <mask> at first lived in Mahalla Jamil, his father's large household located in the village of Ajaltoun, just outside Beirut.Following the departure of his father and stepbrothers for Saudi Arabia, <mask> continued to live alone in Ajaltoun, but took a flat in Beirut after beginning an affair with Eleanor, the Seattle-born wife of New York Times correspondent Sam Pope Brewer. Following Aileen <mask>'s death in 1957 and Eleanor's subsequent divorce from Brewer, <mask> and Eleanor were married in London in 1959 and set up house together in Beirut. From 1960, <mask>'s formerly marginal work as a journalist became more substantial and he frequently travelled throughout the Middle East, including Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait and Yemen. In 1961, Anatoliy Golitsyn, a major in the First Chief Directorate of the KGB, defected to the United States from his diplomatic post in Helsinki.
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Golitsyn offered the CIA revelations of Soviet agents within American and British intelligence services. Following his debriefing in the US, Golitsyn was sent to SIS for further questioning. The head of MI6, Dick White, only recently transferred from MI5, had suspected <mask> as the "third man".Golitsyn proceeded to confirm White's suspicions about <mask>'s role. Nicholas Elliott, an MI6 officer recently stationed in Beirut who was a friend of <mask>'s and had previously believed in his innocence, was tasked with attempting to secure <mask>'s full confession. It is unclear whether <mask> had been alerted, but Eleanor noted that as 1962 wore on, expressions of tension in his life "became worse and were reflected in bouts of deep depression and drinking". She recalled returning home to Beirut from a sight-seeing trip in Jordan to find <mask> "hopelessly drunk and incoherent with grief on the terrace of the flat," mourning the death of a little pet fox which had fallen from the balcony. When Nicholas Elliott met <mask> in late 1962, the first time since Golitsyn's defection, he found <mask> too drunk to stand and with a bandaged head; he had fallen repeatedly and cracked his skull on a bathroom radiator, requiring stitches. <mask> told Elliott that he was "half expecting" to see him. Elliott confronted him, saying, "I once looked up to you, <mask>.My God, how I despise you now. I hope you've enough decency left to understand why." Prompted by Elliott's accusations, <mask> confirmed the charges of espionage and described his intelligence activities on behalf of the Soviets. However, when Elliott asked him to sign a written statement, he hesitated and requested a delay in the interrogation. Another meeting was
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scheduled to take place in the last week of January. It has since been suggested that the whole confrontation with Elliott had been a charade to convince the KGB that Philby had to be brought back to Moscow, where he could serve as a British penetration agent of Moscow Centre. On the evening of 23 January 1963, <mask> vanished from Beirut, failing to meet his wife for a dinner party at the home of Glencairn Balfour Paul, First Secretary at the British Embassy.The Dolmatova, a Soviet freighter bound for Odessa, had left Beirut that morning so abruptly that cargo was left scattered over the docks; <mask> claimed that he left Beirut on board this ship. However, others maintain that he escaped through Syria, overland to Soviet Armenia and thence to Russia. It was not until 1 July 1963 that <mask>'s flight to Moscow was officially confirmed. On 30 July Soviet officials announced that they had granted him political asylum in the USSR, along with Soviet citizenship. When the news broke, MI6 came under criticism for failing to anticipate and block <mask>'s defection, though Elliott was to claim he could not have prevented Philby's flight. Journalist Ben Macintyre, author of several works on espionage, wrote in his 2014 book on Philby that MI6 might have left open the opportunity for <mask> to flee to Moscow to avoid an embarrassing public trial. <mask> himself thought this might have been the case, according to Macintyre.Moscow
Upon his arrival in Moscow in January 1963, <mask> discovered that he was not a colonel in the KGB, as he had been led to believe. He was paid 500 rubles a month (average soviet salary in 1960 was 80.6 rubles a month and 122 in 1970) and his family was not immediately able to join him in exile.
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<mask> was under virtual house arrest, guarded, with all visitors screened by the KGB. It was ten years before he was given a minor role in the training of KGB recruits. Mikhail Lyubimov, his closest KGB contact, explained that this was to guard his safety, but later admitted that the real reason was the KGB's fear that Philby would return to London. Secret files released to the National Archives in late 2020 indicated that the government had intentionally conducted a campaign to keep <mask>'s spying confidential "to minimise political embarrassment" and prevented the publication of his memoirs, according to a report by The Guardian. Nonetheless, the information was publicized in 1967 when Philby granted an interview to Murray Sayle of The Times in Moscow.<mask> confirmed that he had worked for the KGB and that "his purpose in life was to destroy imperialism". <mask> occupied himself by writing his memoirs, which were published in the UK in 1968 under the title My Silent War; it was not published in the Soviet Union until 1980. In the book, <mask> says that his loyalties were always with the communists; he considered himself not to have been a double agent but "a straight penetration agent working in the Soviet interest". <mask> continued to read The Times, which was not generally available in the USSR, listened to the BBC World Service, and was an avid follower of cricket. <mask>'s award of the Order of the British Empire was cancelled and annulled in 1965. <mask> claimed publicly in January 1988 that he did not regret his decisions and that he missed nothing about England except some friends, Colman's mustard, and Lea & Perrins Worcestershire sauce. Despite reports to the contrary, <mask>'s wife claimed in
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a 1997 interview that the idea of Philby becoming depressed and destitute in Moscow was "a myth".In the same interview, she confirmed that <mask> was a heavy drinker when they first met, but later became sober. Certain aspects of Soviet life did indeed disappoint <mask>, with his wife claiming he was "particularly irritated by Brezhnev". Philby found work in the early 1970s in the KGB's Active Measures Department churning out fabricated documents. Working from genuine unclassified and public CIA or US Department of State documents, Philby inserted “sinister” paragraphs regarding US plans. The KGB would stamp the documents “top secret” and begin their circulation. For the Soviets, Philby was an invaluable asset, ensuring the correct use of idiomatic and diplomatic English phrases in their disinformation efforts. <mask> died of heart failure in Moscow in 1988.He was given a hero's funeral, and posthumously awarded numerous medals by the Soviets: Order of Lenin, Order of the Red Banner, Order of Friendship of Peoples, Order of the Great Patriotic War, Lenin Medal, Jubilee Medal "Forty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945". Motivation
In a 1981 lecture to the East German security service, Stasi, Philby attributed the failure of the British Secret Service to unmask him as due in great part to the British class system—it was inconceivable that one "born into the ruling class of the British Empire" would be a traitor—to the amateurish and incompetent nature of the organisation, and to so many in MI6 having so much to lose if he was proven to be a spy. He had the policy of never confessing—a document in his own handwriting was dismissed as a forgery. He said that at the time of his recruitment as a
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spy there were no prospects of his being useful; he was instructed to make his way into the Secret Service, which took years, starting with journalism and building up contacts in the establishment. He said that there was no discipline there; he made friends with the archivist, which enabled him for years to take secret documents home, many unrelated to his own work, and bring them back the next day; his handler took and photographed them overnight. When he was instructed to remove and replace his boss, Felix Cowgill, he asked if it was proposed "to shoot him or something", but was told to use bureaucratic intrigue. He said "It was a very dirty story—but after all our work does imply getting dirty hands from time to time but we do it for a cause that is not dirty in any way".Commenting on his sabotage of the operation to secretly send thousands of Albanian anti-communist into their Albania to overthrow the communist government, which led to many being killed, <mask> rebutted that he helped prevent another World War. Personal life
In February 1934, <mask> married Litzi Friedmann, an Austrian Jewish communist whom he had met in Vienna. They subsequently moved to Britain; however, as <mask> assumed the role of a fascist sympathiser, they separated. Litzi lived in Paris before returning to London for the duration of the war; she ultimately settled in East Germany. While working as a correspondent in Spain, <mask> began an affair with Frances Doble, Lady Lindsay-Hogg, an actress and aristocratic divorcée who was an admirer of Franco and Hitler. They travelled together in Spain through August 1939. In 1940 he began living with Aileen Furse in London.Their first three children, Josephine, John and <mask>, were born
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between 1941 and 1944. In 1946, <mask> finally arranged a formal divorce from Litzi. He and Aileen were married on 25 September 1946, while Aileen was pregnant with their fourth child, Miranda. Their fifth child, Harry George, was born in 1950. Aileen suffered from psychiatric problems, which grew more severe during the period of poverty and suspicion following the flight of Burgess and Maclean. She lived separately from Philby, settling with their children in Crowborough while he lived first in London and later in Beirut. Weakened by alcoholism and frequent sickness, she died of influenza in December 1957.In 1956, <mask> began an affair with Eleanor Brewer, the wife of The New York Times correspondent Sam Pope Brewer. Following Eleanor's divorce, the couple married in January 1959. After <mask> defected to the Soviet Union in 1963, Eleanor visited him in Moscow. In November 1964, after a visit to the United States, she returned, intending to settle permanently. In her absence, <mask> had begun an affair with Donald Maclean's wife, Melinda. He and Eleanor divorced and she departed Moscow in May 1965. Melinda left Maclean and briefly lived with <mask> in Moscow.In 1968 she returned to Maclean. In 1971, <mask> married Rufina Pukhova, a Russo-Polish woman twenty years his junior, with whom he lived until his death in 1988. In popular culture
Fiction based on actual events
<mask>, Burgess and Maclean, a Granada TV drama written by Ian Curteis in 1977, covers the period of the late 1940s, when British intelligence investigated Maclean until 1955 when the British government cleared <mask> because it did not have enough evidence to convict him. <mask> has a key role in Mike Ripley's short story Gold Sword published
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in 'John Creasey's Crime Collection 1990' which was chosen as BBC Radio 4's Afternoon Story to mark the 50th anniversary of D-Day on 6 June 1994. Cambridge Spies, a 2003 four-part BBC drama, recounts the lives of <mask>, Burgess, Blunt and Maclean from their Cambridge days in the 1930s through the defection of Burgess and Maclean in 1951. <mask> is played by Toby Stephens. German author Barbara Honigmann's Ein Kapitel aus meinem Leben tells the history of <mask>'s first wife, Litzi, from the perspective of her daughter.Belgian comic authors Olivier Neuray and Valerie Lemaire wrote a series of three historical comics entitled "Les Cinq de Cambridge" involving <mask>. It was published by Casterman in 2015
Speculative fiction
One of the earliest appearances of <mask> as a character in fiction was in the 1974 Gentleman Traitor by Alan Williams, in which <mask> goes back to working for British intelligence in the 1970s. In the 1980 British television film Closing Ranks, a false Soviet defector sent to sow confusion and distrust in British intelligence is unmasked and returned to the Soviet Union. In the final scene, it is revealed that the key information was provided by <mask> in Moscow, where he is still working for British intelligence. In the 1981 Ted Allbeury novel The Other Side of Silence, an elderly Philby arouses suspicion when he states his desire to return to England. The 1984 Frederick Forsyth novel The Fourth Protocol features an elderly Philby's involvement in a plot to trigger a nuclear explosion in Britain. In the novel, <mask> is a much more influential and connected figure in his Moscow exile than he apparently was in reality.In the 1987 adaptation of the novel, also named The Fourth Protocol,
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<mask> is portrayed by Michael Bilton. Even though he was still alive at the time of the film's release, he is executed by the KGB in the opening scene. In the 2000 Doctor Who novel Endgame, the Doctor travels to London in 1951 and matches wits with <mask> and the rest of the Cambridge Five. The Tim Powers novel Declare (2001) is partly based on unexplained aspects of <mask>'s life, providing a supernatural context for his behaviour. The Robert Littell novel The Company (2002) features <mask> as a confidant of former CIA Counter-Intelligence chief James Angleton. The book was adapted for the 2007 TNT television three-part series The Company, produced by Ridley Scott, Tony Scott and John Calley; <mask> is portrayed by Tom Hollander. <mask> appears as one of the central antagonists in William F. Buckley Jr.'s 2004 novel Last Call for Blackford Oakes.The 2013 Jefferson Flanders novel The North Building explores the role of <mask> in passing American military secrets to the Soviets during the Korean War. Daniel Silva's 2018 book, The Other Woman is largely based on <mask>'s life mission
In alternative histories
The 2003 novel Fox at the Front by Douglas Niles and Michael Dobson depicts <mask> selling secrets to the Soviet Union during the alternate Battle of the Bulge where German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel turns on the Nazis and assists the Allies in capturing all of Berlin. Before he can sell the secret of the atomic bomb to the Soviet Union, he is discovered by the British and is killed by members of MI5 who stage his death as a heart attack. The 2005 John Birmingham novel Designated Targets features a cameo of <mask>, under orders from Moscow to assist Otto Skorzeny's mission to assassinate Winston
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Churchill. Fictional characters based on <mask>
The 1971 BBC television drama Traitor starred John Le Mesurier as Adrian Harris, a character loosely based on <mask>. John le Carré depicts a Philby-like upper-class traitor in the 1974 novel Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy. The novel has been adapted as a 1979 TV miniseries, a 2011 film, and radio dramatisations in 1988 and 2009.In real life, <mask> had ended le Carré's intelligence officer career by betraying his British agent cover to the Russians. In the 1977 book The Jigsaw Man by Dorothea Bennett and the 1983 film adaption of it, The Jigsaw Man, "Sir <mask>" is a former head of the British Secret Service who defected to Russia, who is then given plastic surgery and sent back to Britain on a spy mission. Under the cover name of 'Mowgli' <mask> appears in Duncan Kyle's World War II thriller Black Camelot published in 1978. John Banville's 1997 novel The Untouchable is a fictionalised biography of Blunt that includes a character based on <mask>. <mask> was the inspiration for the character of British intelligence officer Archibald "Arch" Cummings in the 2006 film The Good Shepherd. Cummings is played by Billy Crudup. The 2005 film A Different Loyalty is an unattributed account taken from <mask>'s book, <mask>: The Spy I Loved.The film recounts <mask>'s love affair and marriage to Eleanor Brewer during his time in Beirut and his eventual defection to the Soviet Union in late January 1963, though the characters based on <mask> and Brewer have different names. In music
In the song "Philby", from the Top Priority album (1979), Rory Gallagher draws parallels between his life on the road and a spy's in a foreign country. Sample lyrics : "Now ain't it strange that I feel
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like <mask> / There's a stranger in my soul / I'm lost in transit in a lonesome city / I can't come in from the cold." The <mask> affair is mentioned in the Simple Minds song "Up on the Catwalk" from their sixth studio album Sparkle in the Rain. The lyrics are: "Up on the catwalk, and you dress in waistcoats / And got brillantino, and friends of <mask>." The song "Angleton", by Russian indie rock band Biting Elbows, focuses largely on <mask>'s role as a spy from the perspective of James Jesus Angleton. The song 'Traitor' by Renegade Soundwave from their album Soundclash mentions "Philby, Burgess and Maclean" with the lyrics "snitch, grass, informer, you're a traitor; you can't be trusted and left alone".The song "<mask>by", from the self-titled album by Vancouver punk band Terror of Tiny Town (1994) includes the line, "They say he was the third man, but he's number one with us." The lead singer and accordionist of the now defunct band was political satirist Geoff Berner. Other
The 1993 Joseph Brodsky essay Collector's Item (published in his 1995 book On Grief and Reason) contains a conjectured description of <mask>'s career, as well as speculations into his motivations and general thoughts on espionage and politics. The title of the essay refers to a postal stamp commemorating <mask> issued in the Soviet Union in the late 1980s. See also
References
Cited sources
Further reading
Colonel David Smiley, "Irregular Regular", Michael Russell – Norwich – 1994 (). Translated in French by Thierry Le Breton, Au coeur de l'action clandestine des commandos au MI6, L'Esprit du Livre Editions, France, 2008 (). With numerous photographs.Memoirs of a SOE and MI6 officer during the Valuable Project. Genrikh Borovik, The
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Philby Files, 1994, published by Little, Brown & Company Limited, Canada, . Introduction by Phillip Knightley. Phillip Knightley, Philby: KGB Masterspy 2003, published by Andre Deutsch Ltd, London, . 1st American edition has title: The Master Spy: the Story of <mask>,
Phillip Knightley, The Second Oldest Profession: Spies and Spying in the Twentieth Century, 1986, published by W.W. Norton & Company, London. <mask>, My Silent War, published by Macgibbon & Kee Ltd, London, 1968, or Granada Publishing, . Introduction by Graham Greene, well known author who worked with and for <mask> in British intelligence services.Bruce Page, David Leitch and Phillip Knightley, <mask>: The Spy Who Betrayed a Generation, 1968, published by André Deutsch, Ltd., London. Michael Smith, The Spying Game, 2003, published by Politico's, London. Richard Beeston, Looking For Trouble: The Life and Times of a Foreign Correspondent, 1997, published by Brassey's, London. Desmond Bristow, A Game of Moles, 1993, published by Little Brown & Company, London. Miranda Carter, Anthony Blunt: His Lives, 2001, published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York. Anthony Cave Brown, "C": The Secret Life of Sir Stewart Graham Menzies, Spymaster to Winston Churchill, 1987, published by Macmillan, New York. John Fisher, Burgess and Maclean, 1977, published by Robert Hale, London.S. J. Hamrick, Deceiving the Deceivers, 2004, published by Yale University Press, New Haven. Malcolm Muggeridge, The Infernal Grove: Chronicles of Wasted Time: Number 2, 1974, published by William Morrow & Company, New York. Barrie Penrose & Simon Freeman, Conspiracy of Silence: The Secret Life of Anthony Blunt, 1986, published by Farrar Straus Giroux, New York. Anthony Cave
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Brown, 'Treason in the Blood: H. St. <mask>, <mask>, and the Spy Case of the Century, Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1994, . Richard C.S. Trahair and Robert Miller, Encyclopedia of Cold War Espionage, Spies, and Secret Operations, 2009, published by Enigma Books, New York. Nigel West, editor, The Guy Liddell Diaries: Vol.I: 1939–1942, 2005, published by Routledge, London
Nigel West & Oleg Tsarev, The Crown Jewels: The British Secrets at the Heart of the KGB Archives, 1998, published by Yale University Press, New Haven. Bill Bristow, "My Father The Spy" Deceptions of an MI6 Officer. Published by WBML Publishers. 2012. Desmond Bristow. With Bill Bristow. "A Game of Moles" The Deceptions of and MI6 Officer.Published 1993 by Little Brown and Warner. External links
Annotated bibliography of the Philby Affair
<mask> – Daily Telegraph obituary
File release: Cold War Cambridge spies Burgess and Maclean, The National Archives, 23 October 2015
"<mask>: The Spy Who Loved Me" by <mask>, 12th June 2018
<mask> biography at Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''
1912 births
1988 deaths
Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
British communists
British intelligence personnel who defected to the Soviet Union
English male journalists
British people of the Spanish Civil War
British spies for the Soviet Union
Burials at Kuntsevo Cemetery
KGB officers
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
People educated at Aldro
People educated at Westminster School, London
People from Ambala
People stripped of a British Commonwealth honour
British people in colonial India
Secret Intelligence Service personnel
Soviet spies
World War II spies for the United Kingdom
World War II spies for the Soviet Union
Double agents
Foreign Office
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<mask> (born 28 August 1989) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a winger for EFL League Two side Mansfield Town, on loan from Hibernian. Born in Glasgow, <mask> previously played for Scottish club Motherwell and English clubs Sheffield United and Brighton & Hove Albion. He played for the Scotland U19 and Scotland U21 representative teams, and made his full international debut for Scotland in March 2018. Club career
<mask> played as a junior for Westwood Rovers, Drumchapel Thistle and Clyde before joining Motherwell's under-13 team. After progressing through the ranks at Motherwell, <mask> made his first-team début during the 2006–07 season, and scored his first Motherwell goal from the penalty spot in a 2–0 away win over Hibernian in May 2008. With Motherwell having qualified for European competition, in July 2008 <mask> scored a hat-trick against Albanian side Flamurtari in the UEFA Europa League. After remaining a regular in Motherwell's first team, <mask> agreed an extended contract in May 2010 tying him to the club until the summer of 2013.After scoring in the first leg of Motherwell's 2010–11 Europa League third-round match against Aalesunds FK on 29 July 2010, he became Motherwell's leading goalscorer in European football, breaking the record previously held by Steve Kirk. In January 2012, Motherwell accepted an offer from Sheffield Wednesday to sign <mask>, but he rejected the proposed transfer. In late December 2012, Sheffield United showed an interest in signing him, and <mask> was subsequently subject to a £100,000 bid from the Blades. However, by 27 December it was reported that the Blades bid had been rejected by Motherwell with <mask> dismissing transfer speculation. Despite this, a few days later Motherwell boss Stuart McCall confirmed that <mask> has been talking to Sheffield United with a view to a transfer, and that Motherwell had accepted a bid of £106,000 which
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could rise to £250,000 based upon promotion to the Championship and then to the Premier League. <mask> played his last game for Motherwell on 2 January 2013, having been made captain for the occasion, in a 1–0 loss to Celtic at Celtic Park. He departed from Fir Park having scored 50 goals in 215 appearances for Motherwell.Shortly after his departure <mask> was awarded the Clydesdale Bank Premier League Player of the Month award for December. Sheffield United
Despite interest from Huddersfield Town and Rangers, <mask>'s move to Sheffield United was finalised on 3 January 2013, when he signed a three and a half-year contract for an undisclosed fee. <mask> made his Blades debut two days later, in a 3–0 third round FA Cup victory against Oxford United at the Kassam Stadium, Before making his league debut for United against Yeovil Town at Bramall Lane a week later, and <mask>'s first goal for the Blades came in a 2–0 away victory against Bury the following February. <mask>'s first few months with United were hampered by a hamstring injury, and finished the season having played 21 games and scoring two goals. Despite making 21 appearances for the Blades between January and May 2013 <mask> hadn't yet reached the heights he was capable of. He pledged to fulfill his potential the following season. Despite these claims, <mask> played regularly for David Weir but still didn't perform to his potential.He initially fared no better when Weir was quickly replaced by Nigel Clough, remaining a peripheral figure. It was not until January 2014 that <mask>'s form improved and he began to consolidate a first team place, citing his improved fitness as the key to his change in fortunes. On 31 January 2015, <mask> signed a new contract with United keeping him at Bramall Lane until summer 2017. Later that day, <mask> came off the bench in the second half and scored a brace against promotion rivals Swindon Town to give
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United a 2–0 home victory. Brighton & Hove Albion
In August 2015, <mask> signed a four-year contract with Brighton & Hove Albion for an undisclosed fee reported to be £1.8m rising to £2m based upon Brighton's promotion to the Premier League, which they did in 2016-1017. He made his Brighton debut on 18 August, in a 1–1 draw with Huddersfield Town. <mask> scored his first goal for Brighton on 26 September, in a 2–2 draw with Bolton Wanderers that also saw him receive a red card in the second half of the game.<mask> made 35 appearances for Brighton in the 2015–16 season, scoring six goals, as the Seagulls narrowly missed out on promotion to the Premier League by finishing in 3rd place on goal difference. On 9 August 2016, <mask> scored a brace in a 4–0 win against Colchester United in the first round of the EFL Cup. Throughout the 2016–17 season, <mask> scored two goals in 37 league appearances as Brighton gained promotion to the Premier League. <mask> had limited playing time with Brighton in the Premier League, making four league appearances for the club in the first half of the 2017–18 season, all as a substitute. Rangers
On 6 January 2018, Brighton announced that <mask> had joined Scottish Premiership club Rangers on loan until the end of the 2017–18 season. The clubs also agreed a fee for <mask> to move permanently in the summer. <mask> made his competitive debut for Rangers on 24 January 2018, in a 2–0 win against Aberdeen.He was one of four players to make their first appearance for Rangers in that game. <mask> scored his first goal for Rangers in a 6–1 win at Ayr United in the 2017–18 Scottish Cup. In May 2018, <mask> signed a three-year contract with Rangers. He suffered an anterior cruciate ligament injury in August 2018, which prevented him from playing for most of the 2018–19 season. <mask> agreed a six-month loan deal with League One club Burton Albion on 20 January 2020. Hibernian
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29 August 2020, <mask> signed for fellow Scottish side Hibernian on an initial one-year loan, with an obligation of a further year on a permanent basis. On 29 July 2021, <mask> scored his first goal for Hibernian in Europe against FC Santa Coloma in a 2–1 away win in the UEFA Conference League qualifiers.On the 31 January 2022, <mask> joined Mansfield Town, on loan for the remainder of the season. International career
<mask> was a regular for both the Scotland under-19 team and the Scotland under-21 team. He scored four goals for the under-21 side as the team reached the play-offs of the European under-21 Championships. <mask> received his first call-up to the Scotland squad on 10 March 2016, for their friendlies against Czech Republic and Denmark on 24 and 29 March. He was left unused. <mask> made his full international debut in a 1–0 home friendly defeat to Costa Rica on 23 March 2018, coming on as an 87th-minute substitute for Matt Ritchie. <mask>'s second Scottish cap came in a friendly where Scotland lost 2–0 away to Peru where <mask> started the game.However, he was subbed off in the 63rd minute, replaced by Oli McBurnie. Career statistics
Club
International
Honours
Motherwell
Scottish Cup runner-up: 2010–11
Brighton & Hove Albion
EFL Championship runner-up: 2016–17
References
External links
Official profile at Sheffield United
Scotland stats at Scottish FA
1989 births
Living people
Footballers from Glasgow
Scottish footballers
Association football forwards
Scotland youth international footballers
Scotland under-21 international footballers
Motherwell F.C. players
Sheffield United F.C. players
Brighton & Hove Albion F.C. players
Rangers F.C. players
Scottish Premier League players
Premier League players
English Football League players
Scottish Professional Football League players
Scotland international footballers
Burton Albion F.C. players
Hibernian F.C.players
Mansfield Town F.C.
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<mask> (; ; 8 February 1630 – 26 January 1721) was a French churchman and scholar, editor of the Delphin Classics, founder of the Académie de Physique in Caen (1662-1672) and Bishop of Soissons from 1685 to 1689 and afterwards of Avranches. Life
He was born in Caen in 1630, and educated at the Jesuit school there. He also received lessons from a Protestant pastor, Samuel Bochart. By the age of twenty he was recognized as one of the most promising scholars of his time. In 1651 he went to Paris, where he formed a friendship with Gabriel Naudé, conservator of the Mazarin Library. In the following year Samuel Bochart, being invited by Queen Christina of Sweden to her court at Stockholm, took his friend <mask> with him. This journey, in which he saw Leiden, Amsterdam and Copenhagen, as well as Stockholm, resulted chiefly in the discovery, in the Swedish royal library, of some fragments of Origen's Commentary on St Matthew, which gave <mask> the idea of editing and translating Origen into Latin, a task he completed in 1668.He eventually quarrelled with Bochart, who accused him of having suppressed a line in Origen in the Eucharistic controversy. While working on Origen's Greek text, <mask> wrote a separate treatise on translation history, theory, and practice, the "De optimo genere interpretandi" ("On the best kind of translating") in two books (first published 1660; 3rd and last ed. Amsterdam, 1683). <mask> was also the cofounder of the Académie de Physique in Caen, the first provincial academy of science to be granted a royal charter (1668). <mask> was the initial patron of the academy, and along with Andre Graindorge, directed the work of the group, which
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focused on the empirical study of nature, with a special emphasis on anatomy and dissections. <mask>'s presence was critical to the success of the academy, which floundered without his continued presence. He acted as head of the group from 1662–1667, and again in 1668, when he left Caen again for Paris.He also ended his financial support of the academy at this time, as it began to receive royal funding and direction from the royal representative in Normandy, Guy Chamillart. In Paris he entered into close relations with Jean Chapelain. During the famous "dispute of Ancients and Moderns", <mask> took the side of the Ancients against Charles Perrault and Jean Desmarets. Among his friends at this period were Valentin Conrart and Paul Pellisson. His taste for mathematics led him to the study of astronomy. He next turned his attention to anatomy, and, being short-sighted, devoted his inquiries mainly to the question of vision and the formation of the eye. In the course of this study, he made more than 800 dissections.He then learned all that was then to be learned in chemistry, and wrote a Latin poem on salt. All this time he was a frequent visitor to the salons of Mlle de Scudéry and the studios of painters; his scientific researches did not interfere with his classical studies, for during this time he was discussing with Bochart the origin of certain medals, and was learning Syriac and Arabic under the Jesuit Adrien Parvilliers. <mask> was admitted to the Académie française in 1674. He took holy orders in 1676, and two years later the king made him abbot of Aunay. In 1685 he became Bishop of Soissons, but after waiting for installation for four years he took the
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bishopric of Avranches instead. He exchanged the cares of his bishopric for what he thought would be the easier chair of the Abbey of Fontenay, but there he was vexed with continual lawsuits. At length he retired to the Jesuits' House in the Rue Saint-Antoine at Paris, where he died in 1721.His great library and manuscripts, after being bequeathed to the Jesuits, were bought by the king for the royal library. Works
He translated the pastorals of Longus, wrote a tale called Diane de Castro, and gave with his Traitté de l'origine des romans (1670), his Treatise on the Origin of Romances the first world history of fiction. On being appointed assistant tutor to the Dauphin in 1670, he edited, with the assistance of Anne Lefêvre (afterwards Madame Dacier) and Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet, the well-known book series, the Delphin Classics (referred to in the original Latin as the "Ad usum Delphini" series). This series published comprehensive editions of the Latin classics in about sixty volumes, and each work was accompanied by a Latin commentary, ordo verborum, and verbal index. The original volumes have each an engraving of Arion and a dolphin, and the appropriate inscription in usum serenissimi Delphini. In addition to <mask>'s edition and translation of the ancient Greek theologian Origen, <mask> published two works on the history and process of translation itself, "De optimo genere interpretandi" ("On the best kind of translating") and "De claris interpretibus" ("On famous translators"; 3rd and last ed 1683). He issued one of his major works, the Demonstratio evangelica, in 1679.At Aulnay he wrote his Questiones Aletuanae (Caen, 1690), his Censura philosophiae
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Cartesianae (Paris, 1689), his Nouveau mémoire pour servir à l'histoire du Cartésianisme (New Memoirs to Serve The History of Cartesianism, 1692), and his discussion with Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux on the Sublime. In the Huetiana (1722) of the abbé d'Olivet will be found material for arriving at an idea of his prodigious labours, exact memory and wide scholarship. Another posthumous work was his Traité philosophique de la faiblesse de l'esprit humain (original spelling: Traité philosophique de la foiblesse de l’esprit humain) (Amsterdam, 1723), which he considered to be his best work. His autobiography, found in his Commentarius de rebus ad eum pertinentibus (Paris, 1718), has been translated into French and into English. Legacy
The lycée in Hérouville-Saint-Clair, Calvados, was formerly named after Huet, though it has now ceased to be so. References
Sources
<mask> <mask>, Against Cartesian Philosophy (Censura Philosophiae Cartesianae). Amherst: Humanity Books 2003.April G. Shelford, Transforming the Republic of Letters: <mask> <mask> and European Intellectual Life, 1650-1720 (Rochester, University of Rochester Press, 2007). James Albert DeLater, "Translation Theory in the Age of Louis XIV: The 1683 'De optimo genere interpretandi' ('On the best kind of translating') of <mask> <mask> (1630-1721)" (St. Jerome Publishing, Manchester UK, 2002). External links
1630 births
1721 deaths
People from Caen
French Jesuits
Members of the Académie Française
17th-century French Roman Catholic bishops
Bishops of Avranches
Bishops of Soissons
17th-century French writers
17th-century French male writers
17th-century Latin-language writers
18th-century Latin-language
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<mask> (c.1546 – 9 January 1586) was a German mathematician and astronomer whose Capellan geoheliocentric model, in which the inner planets Mercury and Venus orbit the sun but the outer planets Mars, Jupiter and Saturn orbit the Earth, may have directly inspired Tycho Brahe's more radically heliocentric geoheliocentric model in which all the 5 known primary planets orbited the Sun, which in turn orbited the stationary Earth. Biography
<mask> was born in Breslau (Wrocław), Silesia, Habsburg Monarchy, and studied at the Universities of Leipzig, University of Wittenberg and Frankfurt (Oder). About 1580 <mask> stayed with Tycho Brahe on his island Hven in Öresund, where he worked at his Uraniborg. He then was employed by William IV, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel. Wittich died in Vienna. Work
Wittich may have been influenced by Valentin Naboth's book Primarum de coelo et terra in adopting the Capellan system to explain the motion of the inferior planets. It is evident from Wittich's diagram of his Capellan system that the Martian orbit does not intersect the solar orbit nor those of Mercury and Venus, and would thus be compatible with solid celestial orbs, with the Solar orb containing the orbs of Venus and of Mercury and itself in turn wholly circumscribed by a Martian orb.This was in significant contrast with Ursus's geoheliocentric model in which the orbits of Mercury and Venus intersect the Martian orbit but the Solar orbit does not, and also with the Tychonic model in which the Martian orbit also intersects the Solar orbit in addition to those of Mercury and Venus, and whereby both these models rule out solid celestial orbs that cannot interpenetrate, if not excluding interpenetrating fluid orbs. However, <mask>'s Capellan model of the Martian orbit contradicted
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Copernicus's model in which Mars at opposition is nearer to the Earth than the Sun is, whereby if true the Solar and Martian orbits must intersect in all geoheliocentric models. Thus the question of whether the daily parallax of Mars was ever greater than that of the Sun was crucial to whether <mask>'s (and indeed also Praetorius's and Ursus's) model was observationally tenable or not. It seems Tycho Brahe eventually came to the conclusion by 1588 that Mars does come nearer to the Earth than the Sun is, albeit contradicting his earlier conclusion by 1584 that his observations of Mars at opposition in 1582-3 established it had no discernible parallax, whereas he put the Sun's parallax at 3 arcminutes. Thus Brahe's 1588 model crucially contradicted both <mask>'s and also Ursus's geoheliocentric models at least in respect of the dimensions of the Martian orbit, by positing its intersection with the Solar orbit. Having failed to find any Martian parallax greater than the Solar parallax, Tycho had no valid observational evidence for his 1588 conclusion that Mars comes nearer to the Earth than the Sun, and nor did anybody else at that time, whereby Tycho's uniquely distinctive geoheliocentric model had no valid observational support in this respect. It seems its credibility rested solely upon his aristocratic social status rather than any scientific evidence.And this failure to find any Martian parallax in effect also refuted Copernicus's heliocentric model in respect of its Martian orbit, and supported the geocentric models of Ptolemy and the Capellan geoheliocentric model of Wittich and Praetorius and also Ursus's more Tychonic model. The latter differed from Tycho's only in respect of its non-intersecting Martian and Solar orbits and its daily rotating Earth. It seems
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a primary purpose of Wittich's Capellan model, evident from the drafting markings in his drawing, was to save the integrity of solid celestial orbs, and the only planetary models compatible with solid celestial orbs were the Ptolemaic, Copernican and Wittichan Capellan (including Praetorius's) planetary models. But in 1610 Galileo's novel telescopic confirmation that Venus has a full set of phases like the Moon, published in his 1613 Letters on Sunspots, refuted the Ptolemaic geocentric model, which implied they are only crescents in conjunction, just as in opposition, whereas they are gibbous or full in conjunction. This crucial novel fact was logically implied by the Heraclidean, Capellan and Tychonic geoheliocentric planetary models, according to all of which at least the orbits of Venus and Mercury are centred on the Sun rather than the Earth, as well as by the pure heliocentric model. Consequently this left only the Copernican and Wittichan Capellan models compatible with both solid orbs and the phases of Venus. But only the Wittichan system was also compatible with the failure to find any stellar parallax predicted by all heliocentric models, in addition to also being compatible with the failure to find any Martian parallax that refuted both the Copernican and Tychonic models.Thus by 1610 it seems the only observationally tenable candidate for a planetary model with solid celestial orbs was <mask>'s Capellan system. Indeed it also seems it was even the only planetary model that was generally observationally tenable, given the twin failures to find any stellar annual parallax nor any Martian daily parallax at that time. However, insofar as it was accepted that comets are superlunary and sphere-busting, whereby solid celestial orbs are impossible and thus
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<mask> (c. 1573 – August 1629) was an English librarian and Anglican clergyman, the first librarian of the Bodleian Library, Oxford. Life
He was born about 1573 at Newport, Isle of Wight. In 1586 he was admitted a scholar of Winchester College and matriculated at New College, Oxford on 28 January 1592. He then graduated B.A. on 3 May 1595, M.A. on 5 February 1599, and B.D. and D.D.on 16 May 1614. <mask> became a fellow of New College in 1593, where he served until 1602. In that year, his wide knowledge of books, together with his skill in deciphering manuscripts and detecting literary forgeries, secured him the post of librarian to the library newly founded by Sir <mask> at Oxford. At the same time, he was made rector of St Aldate's Church, Oxford. In 1605, he compiled a classified catalogue of the books in the Bodleian Library, but in 1620 substituted for it an alphabetical catalogue. The arrangement in 1610, whereby the Worshipful Company of Stationers and Newspaper Makers (Stationers' Company) undertook to supply the Bodleian with a copy of every book published, was <mask>'s suggestion. He assisted in framing a complete body of the ancient statutes and customs of the university.He was also skilled in deciphering manuscripts and in detecting forged readings. He obtained leave to examine the manuscripts in the college libraries at Oxford, and was allowed by easy-going heads of houses (particularly those of Balliol and Merton) to take away several, chiefly patristic, which he gave in 1601 to the Bodleian Library, together with sixty printed volumes. Bodley had fixed upon <mask> as his library
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keeper, and the appointment was confirmed by the university in 1602. His salary as librarian was initially £22 13s. 4d. annually, but he threatened forthwith to resign unless it was raised to £30 or £40 a year. <mask> made it clear he would leave the library if his compensation was not increased, so Bodley raised the salary by 4 pounds per year.This eventually led to a compensation of 40 pounds per year after 1611. On 14 September 1602 he also became rector of St. Aldate, Oxford. 18 October of that same year, <mask> married his wife, Ann Underhill. Both of these actions, taking place just two months before the library's opening, were in direct opposition to qualifications outlined by Bodley for his librarian. Bodley, who had not been a churchgoer or the marrying type, wanted his librarian to be completely concentrated on the library. Eventually, however, Bodley approved of <mask>'s choices. In December 1610 the library began to receive copies of all works published by the members of the Stationers' Company, under an agreement made with them by Bodley at the suggestion of <mask>.In 1614 <mask>, through Bodley's interest, was preferred to the sub-deanery of Wells, and in 1617 he became rector of Mongeham, Kent. At the beginning of May 1620 he was obliged through ill-health to resign the librarianship. At the convocation held with the parliament at Oxford in 1625 he moved that certain scholars be commissioned to peruse the patristic manuscripts in all public and private English libraries to detect forgeries introduced by Roman Catholic editors. His proposal not meeting with much encouragement,
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he set about the task himself. Ill health compelled him to resign his post in 1620, he died at Oxford in August 1629, and was buried in New College Chapel. Works
His first attempts at authorship were translations from the Italian of Antonio Brucioli's 'Commentary upon the Canticle of Canticles,' which was licensed for the press in November 1597, and from the French of Guillaume du Vair The Moral Philosophy of the Stoicks, London, 1598. He next edited Richard de Bury's The Philobiblon, Oxford, 1599, which he dedicated to Sir <mask>.In this dedication, <mask> praised Bodley and his colleagues for their efforts in reestablishing the Oxford library, though there was never any indication of his future role as librarian. As the result of his researches in college libraries he published 'Ecloga Oxonio-Cantabrigiensis, tributa in libros duos,' London, 1600, a work commended by Joseph Scaliger. It gives a list of the manuscripts in the college libraries at Oxford and Cambridge, and in the university library at Cambridge, besides critical notes on the text of Cyprian's 'De Unitate Ecclesiæ' and of Augustine of Hippo's De fide. The "Index Alphabeticus" the first catalog compiled by <mask>, which consisted of 8,700 entries, appeared in July 1605. It was dedicated to Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales, at the suggestion of Bodley (who thought that 'more reward was to be gained from the prince than from the king'). It includes both printed books and manuscripts, arranged alphabetically under the four classes of theology, medicine, law, and arts. A continuation of this classified index, embracing writers on
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arts and sciences, geography and history, is to be found in Rawlinson MS. Miscell.730, drawn up by <mask> after quitting the library. An alphabetical catalogue prepared by him in 1613 was not printed, but remained in the library. A second edition of the catalogue appeared in 1620. It abandoned the classified arrangement of the former catalogue, and adopts only one alphabet of names. There was also issued in 1635 'Catalogus Interpretum S. Scripturæ juxta numerorum ordinem qui extant in Bibliotheca Bodleiana olim a D. <mask>io … concinnatus, nunc vero altera fere parte auctior redditus. … Editio correcta,' Oxford. In 1604, Bodley noted some errors <mask> had made in cataloguing the Hebrew manuscripts, suggesting that <mask> should check with scholars fluent in Hebrew.Before 1611, <mask> was on a committee working on the Authorised Version of the Bible. <mask>'s other works are:
‘Bellum Papale, sive Concordia discors Sixti Quinti & Clementis Octavi circa Hieronymianam Editionem,’ London, 1600; 1678. ‘Concordantiæ sanctorum Patrum, i.e. vera & pia Libri Canticorum per Patres universos, tam Græcos quam Latinos, Expositio,’ Oxford, 1607. ‘An Apologie for John Wickliffe, shewing his Conformitie with the now Church of England,’ Oxford, 1608; in answer to Robert Parsons and others. 'Bellum Gregorianum, sive Corruptionis Romanæ in Operibus D. Gregorii M. jussu Pontificum Rom. recognitis atque editis ex Typographica Vaticana loca insigniora, observata, Theologis ad hoc officium deputatis,' Oxford, 1610.'A Treatise of the Corruption of Scripture, Counsels, and Fathers, by … the Church of Rome. …
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Together with a sufficient Answere unto J. Gretser and A. Possevine, Jesuites, and the unknowne Author of the Grounds of the Old Religion and the New,' 5 pts. London, 1611; other editions in 1612, 1688, and 1843. Against Jakob Gretser and Antonio Possevino. 'The Jesuits Downefall threatened against them by the Secular Priests for their wicked lives, accursed manners, heretical doctrine, etc. Together with the Life of Father Parsons,' Oxford, 1612. 'Index generalis sanctorum Patrum, ad singulos versus cap.5. secundum Matthæum,' London, 1624. 'G. Wicelii Methodus Concordiæ Ecclesiasticæ … Adjectæ sunt notæ … et vita ipsius … una cum enumeratione auctorum qui scripserunt contra squalores … Curiæ Romanæ,' London, 1625. On Georg Witzel. 'Vindiciæ Gregorianæ, seu restitutus innumeris pæne locis Gregorius M., ex variis manuscriptis … collatis,' Geneva, 1625, with a preface by B. Turrettinus. 'A Manuduction or Introduction unto Divinitie: containing a confutation of Papists by Papists throughout the important Articles of our Religion,’ Oxford, 1625. ‘The humble … Request of T. <mask> to the Church of England, for, and in the behalfe of, Bookes touching Religion,’ Oxford?1625? ‘An Explanation or Enlarging of the Ten Articles in the Supplication of Doctor <mask>, lately exhibited to the Clergy of England’ [in reference to a projected new edition of the ‘Fathers’], Oxford, 1625. 'Specimen Corruptelarum Pontificiorum in Cypriano, Ambrosio, Gregorio M. & Authore operis imperfecti, & in jure canonico,' London, 1626. 'Index generalis librorum prohibitorum a Pontificiis,' Oxford, 1627. <mask> is said to
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have been the 'Catholike Divine' who edited, with preface and notes in English, the tract entitled 'Fiscus Papalis; sive, Catalogus Indulgentiarum & Reliquiarum septem principalium Ecclesiarum urbis Romæ ex vetusto Manuscripto Codice descriptus,' London, 1617; another edition, 1621, was accompanied by the English version of William Crashaw. In 1608 <mask> edited John Wycliffe's 'Two short Treatises against the Orders of the Begging Friars.' Four of his manuscripts are in Lambeth Palace Library:
'Brevis Admonitio ad Theologos Protestantes de Libris Pontificorum caute, pie, ac sobrie habendis, legendis, emendis,' &c.
'Enchiridion Theologicum, seu Chronologia Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum, ordine alphabetico,' &c.
'Suspicionum et Conjecturarum liber primus, in quo ducenta ad minus loca SS.Patrum in dubium vocata, dubitandi Rationes, Rationum Summæ perspicue continentur.' 'Breviarium Episcoporum totius Angliæ, seu nomina, successio, et chronologia eorundem ad sua usque tempora.' In the Bodleian Library (Bodl. MS. 662) is his 'Tomus primus Animadversionum in Patres, Latinæque Ecclesiæ Doctores primarios.' Two letters from <mask> to Sir Robert Bruce Cotton, dated 1625 and 1628, are preserved in Cotton. MS. Julius C. iii., ff.159, 183. Bodley's letters to <mask> are in 'Reliquiæ Bodleianæ,' published by <mask>ne, from Bodleian MS. 699, in 1703. References
1570s births
1629 deaths
Bodley's Librarians
English librarians
Alumni of New College, Oxford
People educated at Winchester College
Fellows of New College, Oxford
People from Newport, Isle of Wight
16th-century English educators
17th-century
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<mask> (February 3, 1935 – December 1, 2018), better known as <mask>, was an American blues guitarist and singer. His singular guitar playing, marked by flamboyant string-bending, imaginative chord voicings and a distinctive tone, was influential in the Chicago blues scene of the 1950s. In the mid-1950s, <mask> was one of the most sought-after session guitarists in Chicago, but he was little known outside the music industry, since his name rarely appeared on discs. His acclaimed comeback in 2000 led to a resurgence of interest in his early work and a reappraisal as one of the great blues guitarists. <mask> was known for his imaginative chord selection, characterized by raised fives, and minor sixths and minor sevenths with flattened fives. He usually played with an unusual open E tuning, originally taught to him by Bo Diddley. In 2013, <mask> was inducted to the Blues Hall of Fame.Early life
Born in Mobile, Alabama, United States, <mask> moved to Chicago at the age of five. His first instrument was the harmonica, which he swapped for the guitar after hearing Bo Diddley play at a talent show where they were both performing. Diddley, seven years his senior, took <mask> under his wing and taught him the rudiments of guitar. Career
Chicago heyday
By 1951, <mask> and Diddley were playing on the street together, with <mask> providing backing to Diddley's vocals, accompanied by Roosevelt Jackson on washtub bass. <mask> cut his teeth gigging with a string of blues musicians, notably Memphis Minnie, Elmore James, and Otis Spann. After touring with the West Coast piano player Charles Brown, <mask>
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established himself as a session player with Chess Records. At Chess, <mask> met Howlin' Wolf, recently arrived in Chicago from Memphis, Tennessee, and was hired by Wolf as the first guitarist in his new Chicago-based band.A year later Hubert Sumlin moved to Chicago to join Wolf's band, and the dual guitars of <mask> and Sumlin are featured on Howlin' Wolf's 1954 singles "Evil Is Going On" and "Forty Four" and the 1955 releases "Who Will Be Next" and "Come to Me Baby." <mask> also provided backing on Otis Spann's 1954 release, "It Must Have Been the Devil", which features lead guitar work from B. B. King, one of <mask>' early heroes and a big influence on his playing. <mask>'s solo career began in December 1955 with the upbeat, saxophone-driven "Lookin' for My Baby", released under the name Little Papa Joe by Blue Lake Records. The record company closed a few months later, leaving his slide guitar performance on "Groan My Blues Away" unreleased. By this time, <mask> was highly sought after as a session guitarist, and his virtuosity in this capacity is well illustrated by his blistering lead guitar work on Bo Diddley's "Who Do You Love?", a hit for Checker Records in 1956. (The rock musician Marshall Crenshaw listed <mask>'s guitar solo on "Who Do You Love" as one of the greatest guitar solos ever recorded.) Other notable session work from the 1950s include lead guitar parts on Billy Boy Arnold's "I Ain't Got You" and "I Wish You Would", Jimmy Rogers's "One Kiss", Jimmy Witherspoon's "Ain't Nobody's Business", and Otis Rush's "Three Times a Fool". In 1957, <mask> released "You May" on Argo
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Records, with the inventive B-side instrumental "Lucky Lou", the extraordinary opening riff of which Otis Rush copied on his 1958 Cobra Records side "All Your Love (I Miss Loving)". Further evidence of <mask>'s influence on Rush (they played on a number of sessions together) is Rush's solo on Buddy Guy's 1958 debut, "Sit and Cry (The Blues)", copied almost exactly from <mask>'s "You May". Disillusionment with music business
The frequency with which <mask> found his distinctive guitar phrases being copied without credit led to increasing disenchantment with the music business. When the distinctive riff he created for Billy Stewart's 1956 Argo release "Billy's Blues" was appropriated by Mickey Baker for the Mickey & Sylvia hit "Love Is Strange", Chess Records took legal action.At the conclusion of the case in 1961, <mask> gained neither credit nor compensation. "I was ripped off," he later told John Sinkevics in the Grand Rapids Press. In the early 1960s, <mask> was making a living gigging with his Big 3 Trio (not to be confused with Willie Dixon's group of the same name), but by the end of the decade, he had retired from the music industry altogether. He studied electronics and eventually became a technical engineer for Xerox, his job for over 25 years. Comeback
Only after his retirement did <mask> consider picking up his guitar again, which had lain untouched under his bed all the while. "One day my wife said if I started playing again I might feel better about life in general," he told the Chicago Sun-Times. In March 2000, he went to a performance by his old friend Robert Lockwood Jr.,
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and grew nostalgic for his music days.Back at home, an old tape of himself playing moved him to tears and inspired him to pick up his guitar again. He returned to playing in public in June 2000, when he was featured at a club gig during the 2000 Chicago Blues Festival. He was encouraged in this period by Dick Shurman, who eventually produced his comeback album, Return of a Legend (2002), on which his bold playing belies his thirty-year break from music. "He plays with a verve and vigor that sound as good today as it did on the classic records," wrote Vintage Guitar magazine. <mask> continued to perform around the world until 2014, mainly at large blues festivals, and often sitting in with the blues guitarist Billy Flynn at Chicago club appearances. Poor health later curtailed his musical activities. <mask> died from cancer on December 1, 2018.1967])
1976 – J. T. Brown, "Lonely (As a Man Can Be)", "Going Home to My Baby", "It's a Shame to Tell the People", "When I Was a Lad", "Use That Spot" (on Windy City Boogie: Pearl PL-9; recorded 1956)
1979 – Harold Burrage, "I Love My Baby" (on Rockin' Wild: P-Vine PLP-9021; recorded 1957)
1982 – Willie Dixon, "Firey Love" (on Blues Roots Series,
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<mask> AM (born 5 August 1947), known as <mask>, is an Australian rock singer-songwriter, television presenter-reporter and actor. He has been the lead vocalist with the hard rock band Rose Tattoo since 1976. On Australia Day 26 January 1993, <mask> was made a Member of the Order of Australia for his role as a youth advocate. According to rock music historian, Ian McFarlane, "over the course of a lengthy career, [the] gravel-throated vocalist ... has gone from attention-grabbing, rock'n'roll bad boy to all-round Australian media star." On 16 August 2006, Rose Tattoo were inducted into the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Hall of Fame. Biography
<mask> was born on 5 August 1947 in Melbourne, Victoria, to an Australian father and Mauritian mother. He has a brother Rodney living in Melbourne.<mask>'s nickname of "<mask> Ant" developed "during his youth after his aggressive and volatile nature got the better of him." According to <mask>, his father "was a deeply troubled man... I've dealt with my rage, my pain... I was a very angry boy... When he was around he was a very explosive person." <mask> used his uncle, Ivan, as his role model, he "was a cigarette-smoking, beer-drinking, leather jacket-wearing, motorcycle-riding drummer in a swing band." <mask> grew up in suburban Coburg and attended Coburg Technical School before working as a fitter and turner in a factory.Initially he wanted to be a blues guitarist, "I wanted to be like all the great blues guitar players, then I wanted to be like Bob Dylan, then of course... John Lennon." <mask> found himself in a band with three possible guitarists and "[t]he other two were much better than me, so the only other thing we needed was a singer... [we] had to sing 'Twist and Shout' without accompaniment. I just happened to be the best one at it." From 1971 to 1973, <mask> led rock group Peace Power and Purity and came to wider public notice as the lead vocalist with Buster Brown. He fronted the hard rock and blues rock band from its foundation in 1973, the original
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line-up included Phil Rudd on drums, who left in 1974 to join AC/DC. In 1975, Buster Brown released an album, Something to Say, on Mushroom Records/Festival Records before disbanding in November that year. In 1976 in Sydney, Rose Tattoo was formed by Peter Wells of the heavy metal band Buffalo.<mask> had relocated to Sydney and replaced the group's original singer Tony Lake. When their drummer Michael Vandersluys departed soon afterwards, he was replaced by Dallas Royall, who had been Rudd's replacement in Buster Brown. Their most popular single on the Australian Kent Music Report Singles Chart was "Bad Boy for Love" from 1977, which peaked at No. 19. Rose Tattoo's 1981 tour of Europe included an appearance at the Reading Festival, where <mask> repeatedly head butted the amp stacks until his scalp started bleeding. <mask>'s debut as an actor was a minor role in Bullamakanka (1983). Later, he appeared as the character Ironbar Bassey in the film Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome (1985).Filmink magazine later wrote that <mask> "appeared in surprisingly few acting roles for someone with such renown as a presenter." <mask> joined as a guest vocalist with The Incredible Penguins, for a cover of "Happy Xmas (War Is Over)", a charity project for research on little penguins, which peaked at No. 10 in December 1985. In 1987, he played Lenin in the musical Rasputin, composed by David Tyyd, at the State Theatre in Sydney. <mask> led Rose Tattoo through six studio albums until disbanding the group in 1987, by which time he was the only member remaining from the early line-up. During 1986, as Rose Tattoo was winding down following the recording of Beats from a Single Drum, <mask> joined The Party Boys for an Australian tour, but never recorded with them. By this time <mask> had established himself as an advocate on social issues and made regular appearances on the Channel Nine programs The Midday Show with Ray Martin and then A Current Affair as a human interest reporter.In 1987, <mask> had his biggest hit, when the uncharacteristic ballad
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"Suddenly" from the album, Beats from a Single Drum, was used as the wedding theme for the Neighbours episode in which the popular characters Scott Robinson and Charlene Mitchell married. Robinson was portrayed by Jason Donovan, while Mitchell's character was portrayed by pop singer, Kylie Minogue, who had issued her debut single in July as a cover version of "Locomotion." "Locomotion" was at number one on the Australian charts preventing "Suddenly" from reaching the top spot. Beats from a Single Drum had been planned as <mask>'s debut solo release, but had initially been billed as a Rose Tattoo album due to contractual obligations; however, after the success of "Suddenly", it was re-released in 1988 as an <mask> solo album. In November 1988, the single reached number three on the UK Singles Chart after the episode aired there. With the dissolution of Rose Tattoo, <mask> pressed on with his solo career, releasing the album Blood from Stone in 1990 which provided the No. 11 hit single "Bound for Glory."He performed the song during the pre-match entertainment at the 1991 AFL Grand Final between Hawthorn and , appearing on top of a Batmobile. According to The Punch's Michael Phelan, <mask>'s performance was "a teeth-gnashing, eyeballs-bleeding, nails-scratching-down-a-blackboard rendition" and rates it as the worst pre-game display in Australian sporting history. In 1992, <mask> acted in the Australian arena-style revival of Jesus Christ Superstar as Herod. On Australia Day (26 January) 1993, <mask> was made a Member of the Order of Australia with the citation, "In recognition of service to the community, particularly as a youth advocate." Also that year, Rose Tattoo reunited to support Guns N' Roses on the Australian leg of their Use Your Illusion Tour, Guns N' Roses specifically requested The Tatts to support Them in Australia. However the reunion was short-lived and the band's members returned to their solo projects. From 1994, <mask> has used his contacts in the media to organise a Challenge where a particular
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charity's project was completed with support of community and business groups.Examples of these Challenges include constructing a playground for handicapped children within 48 hours, assisting drought affected farmers with reserve feed for their stock, organising Christmas presents for socially and economically disadvantaged children, building two respite units for people living with and affected by HIV AIDS and delivering artificial limbs for Cambodian land mine victims. Rose Tattoo reconvened in 1998 and undertook an Australian tour. The group has continued to perform despite five Rose Tattoo former band members dying of cancer: Dallas Royall (1991), Peter Wells (2006), Ian Rilen (2006), Lobby Loyde (2007), and Mick Cocks (2009). According to rock music historian, Ian McFarlane, "over the course of a lengthy career, [the] gravel-throated vocalist ... has gone from attention-grabbing, rock'n'roll bad boy to all-round Australian media star." On 16 August 2006, Rose Tattoo were inducted into the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Hall of Fame. In the early years of the 2000s, <mask> participated in and organised a string of charity events. In 2002, <mask> played with former members of The Angels at the Bali Relief concert in Perth, Western Australia, held in aid of victims of the Bali bombing.<mask> is involved in the Dunn Lewis Youth Development Foundation, which is a lasting legacy of two of the 88 Australian lives lost in the bombings. In 2003, <mask> appeared in a cameo role as the character Kris Quaid in the independent Australian feature film Finding Joy. At the end of the film, he sings his hit "Suddenly." <mask> appeared in a guest role in the Australian movie Suite for Fleur (2011), as Silas, Fleur's father, a carpenter and furniture maker living in Byron Bay. In December, <mask> joined Doc Neeson - The Angels, Mark Gable - The Choirboys, Buzz Bidstrup - The Angels, Phil Emmanuel and Matt Sorum (drummer for Guns N' Roses) on-stage to celebrate the opening of a Hard Rock Cafe in Darling Harbour. In
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January 2012, <mask> announced that Rose Tattoo would disband – he is a member of the National Party and is considering using his birth name, Gary, for "political expediency" when running as a candidate in the next federal election. In 2014, <mask> was featured on 7mate's successful television series Bogan Hunters as one of eight celebrity judges.Later that year, <mask> scored a role in the motion picture Fat Pizza vs. Housos. The film was shown in Australian cinemas from 27 November 2014 onwards. Political views
In July 2007, <mask> was criticised by some after espousing his views on Muslim immigration to Australia when he told the Sydney Daily Telegraph:
On 1 March 2010, he told a Federal Parliamentary Committee into the impact of violence on youth that life experience has taught him "Aussies use their fists" when they fight and that "weapons were introduced by other cultures." In March 2011, <mask> declared he was a supporter of conservative politician Tony Abbott and his views against a tax on carbon dioxide emissions. He announced in October that year that he was joining the conservative National Party, and was interested in standing for a seat in the next Australian federal election. When asked whether his more 'leftie views' might be gagged (he supports same-sex marriage, for example) he replied, "maintaining some sort of order and balance is about agreement, compromise, setting rules as the head of the house. I've learnt to be a part of the family.So I'm not going to say things in public that are going to embarrass the party." He was selected as the National candidate for the Division of Throsby in New South Wales under his birth name, <mask>. Although he didn't win, his preferences helped the Coalition net a four-percent swing in the seat. In 2012, <mask> participated in the SBS doco-reality show Go Back To Where You Came From, in which six Australians, each with differing opinions on Australia's asylum seeker debate, were taken on a journey to which refugees have taken to reach Australia. At the outset of
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the series <mask> says that "boat people" who arrive in Australia illegally should be sent back to their countries of origin: "If you come here illegally, I don't care about your story, first thing you do is you turn around and go back." Later in the series, after having met with refugees from Afghanistan who settled in Melbourne as well as visiting war-torn Kabul, <mask> softened his stand on the subject: "Now I've been here and spoken to people, I don't want to turn away refugees, I don't want to turn away people who need to be reunited with their families. I don't want that.Who would want that? I don't want people to go on suffering needlessly, when we can give them somewhere safe to be. But I don't want them to come to Australia in boats." Again endorsed by the National Party in September 2014, this time in the New South Wales seat of Cessnock for the 2015 state election, <mask> withdrew his candidacy in February 2015, citing personal reasons. In 2016 <mask> was endorsed as an Australian Liberty Alliance candidate for the Senate representing New South Wales at the 2016 federal election. The Australian Liberty Alliance is a right wing group that opposes Muslim immigration to Australia. Personal life
In <mask>'s 1994 biography, Angry – Scarred for Life, the author Karen Dewey describes his life as "Sexually, physically and mentally abused he broke the brutal family pattern to become a besotted, devoted father of four."<mask> described how "[t]here was physical and emotional violence in the family" and a family friend began sexually abusing him from the age of five. In 1982, prior to one of Rose Tattoo's European tours, <mask> met Lindy Michael. The couple's daughter, Roxanne was born in 1983. <mask> and Michael married in January 1986 and have also had three sons, Galen, Blaine and Liam. By 2002, <mask> and Michael were divorced. <mask> is a single father and lives in the Sydney suburb of Beacon Hill. Although he does not believe in an omniscient god he attends the Baha'i temple regularly, "the spirituality I have
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given myself over to is the divine."Having seen cancer claim the lives of five of his Rose Tattoo bandmates (Dallas Royall, Peter Wells, Ian Rilen, Lobby Lloyde and Mick Cocks), <mask> has become an advocate for men's health. He appeared in a TV campaign promoting awareness of prostate cancer. On 4 November 2018, <mask>'s son Liam was killed in an attack in a park in Queenscliff, New South Wales. Discography
Rose Tattoo
Buster Brown
Solo albums
Singles
See also
You're Not Alone (Australian Olympians song)
Filmography
At Last... Bullamakanka: The Motion Picture (1983) - Senator's Aide
Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome (1985) - Ironbar
Scuff the Sock (1987, TV Movie) - Plasterer
Finding Joy (2002) - Kris Quaid
Fat Pizza (2003) - Bikie
Pizza (2005, TV Series) - Bikie Leader / Tattooist / Captain / Vietnam Vet
Swift and Shift Couriers (2008-2011, TV Series) - Aaron 'Agro' Smith
Suite For Fleur (2011)
Housos vs. Authority (2012) - <mask>
Go Back To Where You Came From (2012, TV Series documentary) - Himself - Participant
Housos (2011-2013; 2020, TV Series) - Angry
Fat Pizza vs. Housos (2014) - Angry
Bogan Hunters (2014, TV Series) - Himself - Celebrity Judge
Dumb Criminals: The Movie (2015) - <mask>
Fat Pizza: Back in Business (2019 - 2021, TV Series) - Angry
Further reading
Murray Engleheart. Blood, Sweat & Beers- Oz Rock from the Aztecs to Rose Tattoo . Published by Harper Collins Australia. 2010.()
Edward DuykerOf the Star and the Key: Mauritius, Mauritians and Australia, Australian Mauritian Research Group, Sylvania, 1988, p. 107. References
General
Note: Archived [on-line] copy has limited functionality. Specific
External links
"Rose Tattoo's <mask>" interview with Richard Fidler of Australian Broadcasting Corporation as an MP3 file. 1947 births
Australian people of Mauritian descent
Australian male television actors
Australian male film actors
Australian male singers
The Party Boys members
Singers from Melbourne
Members of the Order of Australia
Australian heavy metal singers
Living
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<mask> (July 23, 1865 – March 8, 1930) was an American jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1923 until his death in 1930. Prior to his nomination to the high court, <mask> served as a United States Assistant Attorney General under President Theodore Roosevelt from 1905 to 1907, and as a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee and the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee from 1908 to 1923. As of 2021, he is the last sitting district court judge to be elevated directly to the Supreme Court. A graduate of Harvard Law School, <mask> practiced law in his hometown of Knoxville, Tennessee, during the 1890s and the first decade of the 20th century. As Assistant Attorney General, he rose to national prominence as lead prosecutor during the high-profile trial of Joseph Shipp in 1907, which to date is the only criminal trial conducted by the Supreme Court. <mask> is typically viewed as a conservative justice, favoring strict adherence to antitrust laws, and often voted with his mentor, Chief Justice William Howard Taft. <mask> v. New York (1925).This case, which introduced the incorporation doctrine, helped pave the way for many of the Warren Court's decisions expanding civil rights and civil liberties in the 1950s and 1960s. Early life and legal career
<mask> was born in Knoxville, Tennessee in 1865, the eldest son of prominent Knoxville businessman <mask><mask> (1831–1902) and Swiss immigrant Emma Chavannes. <mask>'s father, as president or vice president of nearly a dozen banks and corporations, was one of the primary driving forces behind Knoxville's late-19th century industrial boom. His maternal grandfather, Adrian
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Chavannes, was the leader of a group of Swiss colonists who arrived in Tennessee in the late 1840s and his uncle, Albert Chavannes, was a noted author and sociologist. In 1891, <mask> married Lutie Mallory Woodruff, the daughter of Knoxville hardware magnate W. W. Woodruff. <mask> received a Bachelor of Arts degree and a Bachelor of Philosophy degree from the University of Tennessee in 1883, a Bachelor of Arts degree from Harvard University in 1885, a Master of Arts degree from the same institution in 1889, and a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1889. He was in private practice in Knoxville from 1890 to 1907, and was a lecturer at the University of Tennessee School of Law from 1898 to 1907.One of <mask>'s earliest appearances before the Supreme Court came as an attorney representing the appellant Knoxville Iron Company, in Knoxville Iron Company v. Harbison (1901). The Court ruled in favor of Harbison and upheld states' right to ban companies from paying employees in scrip rather than cash. Assistant Attorney General
<mask> first served in the government as a special assistant to the Attorney General of the United States from 1905 to 1907, and then as Assistant Attorney General in 1907 under President Theodore Roosevelt. United States v. Shipp
As an Assistant Attorney General, he was the lead prosecutor in the high-profile trial in United States v. Shipp (1907). This case involved a sheriff, Joseph Shipp, who was convicted of allowing a condemned black prisoner, who was the subject of a United States Supreme Court writ of habeas corpus, to be lynched. <mask>'s conduct of the trial, particularly his exemplary closing argument, are said to be part of a "Great American Trial." It is the only criminal trial conducted before the United
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States Supreme Court in which the court exercised original jurisdiction (the court typically only hears criminal cases on appeal).It was widely followed in the newspapers. Shipp and several others were later convicted. District court service
<mask> was nominated by President Theodore Roosevelt on May 14, 1908, to a joint seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee and the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee vacated by Judge Charles Dickens Clark. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 18, 1908, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on February 5, 1923, due to his elevation to the Supreme Court. Supreme Court
President Warren Harding nominated <mask> as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States on January 24, 1923, to succeed Mahlon Pitney. <mask> was confirmed by the Senate by a voice vote on January 29, 1923.<mask> took the judicial oath of office on February 19, 1923. He was Circuit Justice for the Fifth Circuit throughout his tenure on the Court. Notable opinions
<mask> wrote 130 opinions during his seven years on the Court. His most well-known was the majority opinion in Gitlow v. New York. While upholding a state law banning anarchist literature, the opinion in Gitlow implied that some provisions of the Bill of Rights (here the First Amendment's free speech provisions) apply with equal force to the states via the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment (commonly called "incorporation"). That had "extraordinary consequences for the nationalization of the Bill of Rights during the era of the Warren Court," which later used similar reasoning to incorporate other amendments and expand civil liberties. Gitlow has
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been cited as precedent in cases such as Near v. Minnesota (1931), which incorporated the guarantee of freedom of the press, Griswold v. Connecticut (1965), which recognized the constitutional right to privacy, and more recently, McDonald v. Chicago (2010), which incorporated the right to bear arms.<mask> authored the majority opinion in Okanogan Indians v. United States, commonly called the "Pocket Veto Case," which upheld the power of the President's "pocket veto." Other noteworthy opinions by him are Corrigan v. Buckley, 271 U.S. 323 (1926), which upheld the right of property sellers to discriminate based on race, Taylor v. Voss, 271 U.S. 176 (1926) and Fiske v. Kansas, 274 U.S. 380 (1927). <mask> voted with the majority in Myers v. United States (1926), which upheld the President's authority to remove executive branch officials without the Senate's consent, and in Ex parte Grossman (1925), which recognized the President's pardoning power to extend to conviction for contempt of court. <mask> concurred with Taft's dissent in Adkins v. Children's Hospital (1923). Chief Justice Taft is considered by some to have been <mask>'s mentor. They routinely sided together in decisions and were a part of the Court's conservative "inner club" that regularly met at the Chief Justice's house for libations and conviviality on Sundays. Death
<mask> unexpectedly died on March 8, 1930 of uremic poisoning following a dental extraction in Washington, D.C., just a few hours before Chief Justice William Howard Taft, who had retired five weeks earlier.As it was customary for members of the Court to attend the funeral of deceased members, that posed a "logistical nightmare" because of the immediate travel from Knoxville for <mask>'s funeral to Washington for Taft's
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funeral. As had been the case in their careers, Taft's death overshadowed <mask>'s demise. <mask> is interred at Greenwood Cemetery in Knoxville. Legacy
In 1894, <mask> was chosen to deliver the centennial address at his alma mater, the University of Tennessee. The address, which discussed the institution's history, was published the following year as Blount College and the University of Tennessee: An Historical Address. <mask>'s papers are located at various institutions in Tennessee. <mask> was an active member of Civitan International.He is one of six Tennesseans who have served on the Supreme Court. See also
Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States
List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States
List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 8)
List of United States Supreme Court justices by time in office
United States Supreme Court cases during the Taft Court
Publications
<mask>, <mask>. (18 June, 1895) Blount College and the University of Tennessee: An Historical Address at Google books. Notes
Further reading
External links
<mask>. <mask> Papers, University of Tennessee Knoxville Libraries
Bibliography, <mask> <mask> at 6th Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals. 1865 births
1930 deaths
20th-century American judges
American people of Swiss descent
Harvard Law School alumni
Judges of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee
Judges of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee
People from Knoxville, Tennessee
Tennessee lawyers
Tennessee Republicans
United States Assistant Attorneys General
United States district court judges appointed by Theodore Roosevelt
Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States
United States federal judges appointed
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<mask> (born December 10, 1952) is an American author and pastor who serves as the senior pastor of Harvest Christian Fellowship with campuses in Riverside, Orange County and Maui. <mask> came to faith at the age of 17 as the Jesus Movement was exploding in Southern California. He has written a book, “Jesus Revolution,” about his experiences from that great American spiritual awakening. <mask>’s story along with his wife Cathe, will be told in the new film, Jesus Revolution from Kingdom Story Company to be released next year. <mask> holds two honorary doctorates from Biola University and Azusa Pacific University. He serves on the board of directors for the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association. He also is the Evangelist for Harvest Crusades and is featured on over 1500 radio and TV stations across the nation.<mask> has produced 2 films: Steve McQueen: American Icon and 'A Rush Of Hope. He is working on a third. <mask> is also the author of 70 books, including Hope For Hurting Hearts, Steve McQueen: The Salvation of An American Icon, Johnny Cash: The Redemption Of An American Icon and Billy Graham: The Man I Knew. Life and ministry
<mask> was born in Long Beach, California. He was raised by a single mother who had seven marriages, often moving to vastly different locations such as New Jersey and Hawaii. Working as a newspaper delivery man for the Daily Pilot in Los Angeles, CA was <mask>'s first job. <mask> was not raised in the Christian faith or a church environment.In 1970, when <mask> was 17 years old, he became a devout Christian at Newport Harbor High School under the ministry of evangelist Lonnie Frisbee. At the age of 19, under the ministry of Calvary Chapel Pastor Chuck Smith, he was given the opportunity to lead a Bible study of 30 people. The church that formed from this group, Harvest Christian Fellowship, has grown to become one of the largest churches in the United States. In 2013, Harvest Christian
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Fellowship celebrated its 40th anniversary. The church has another dedicated campus in Irvine as well as a satellite campus in Lahaina, Hawaii. They have a congregation of approximately 5,000 people with a weekend viewing audience for their online service of over 250,000 people. The church also houses more than 80 ministries.Harvest recently merged with Kumulani Chapel in Maui, Hawaii, and that church is now called Harvest Kumulani. <mask> holds two honorary doctorates from Biola University and Azusa Pacific University. He serves on the board of directors for the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association He is also a chaplain for the Newport Beach Police Department. In 2013, <mask> served as the Honorary Chairman of the National Day of Prayer Task Force. President Donald Trump selected Pastor <mask> as one of several evangelical church leaders to participate in the National Prayer Service hosted at the Washington National Cathedral following the Presidential Inauguration of 2017. In 2017, <mask> organized a movement entitled "The Year of Good News." Multiple church leaders signed the letter he penned to initiate the movement.One of the paragraphs of the letter reads, "In a time of fake news, distracting news, divisive news, disorderly news, and, sometimes, depressing news, we—as Christians and as leaders—want to recommit ourselves to making sure that the Good News of Jesus cuts through it all. We call upon Christians in America to make 2017 "The Year of Good News." Publishing and media
<mask> has written more than 70 books, including The Upside-Down Church (1999, co-authored with David Kopp): this book won a Gold Medallion Book Award in the "Christian ministry" category in 2000. <mask> has written study notes for The New Believer's Bible and The Seeker's Bible. He also wrote the notes for the Start! Bible in the New King James Version, published by Thomas Nelson. Another more recent book is a commentary on the book of
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Revelation.His autobiographical documentary film Lost Boy: The Next Chapter has won eight awards at international film festivals in the best documentary category. <mask>'s film released in 2013, Hope for Hurting Hearts, includes the stories of Jeremy Camp and Nick Vujicic. The film has been a finalist at 15 different film festivals. <mask> is host of the syndicated radio program A New Beginning, which is broadcast on over 800 radio stations worldwide. A New Beginning is also featured as a Christian podcast available on iTunes. <mask> has appeared on ABC World News Tonight, Fox News, MSNBC, and CNN. He is also a guest commentator at WorldNetDaily and appears regularly in a weekly television program called GregLaurie.tv on the Trinity Broadcasting Network (TBN).The television program is also featured every week on American Forces Network TV. <mask> is a speaker for public evangelistic events called Harvest Crusades, founded in 1990. They are large-scale evangelistic outreach projects which local churches organize nationally and internationally. Over 5.6 million attendees have participated in Harvest Crusades since they began in 1990. In addition, 1.8 million have reportedly watched the events online. Harvest Crusades have been held in California, Chicago, Seattle, Oregon, Philadelphia, New York, Hawaii, Florida, Texas, North Carolina, New Zealand and Australia. Events have been held at AT&T Stadium in Dallas, TX, Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles, CA, Angel Stadium in Anaheim, CA, and Madison Square Garden in New York, NY.In 2017, Harvest Crusades will include Christian musicians and bands such as Phil Wickham, Switchfoot, Chris Tomlin, and TobyMac. In 2012, Harvest Crusades launched Harvest America a nationwide simulcast from one location to about 2,400 venues. In 2016 Harvest America happened at the AT&T Stadium in Arlington, Texas. A total of 82,000 attended the event. Another 180,000 participated at over 7,000 host
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locations around the country. Over 400,000 individuals have made public professions of faith at the events since Harvest Crusades began. Personal life
<mask> resides in Newport Beach with his wife, Catherine.The couple had two sons, Christopher and Jonathan, as well as 5 grandchildren. On July 24, 2008, Christopher was killed at the scene of a 9 a.m. car accident on the eastbound Riverside Freeway west of Serfas Club Drive in Corona, California. He was 33 years old. In October 2020, <mask> contracted COVID-19. On October 5, 2020, <mask> announced he had tested positive for COVID-19. In a video posted on social media, <mask> said, “I just wish that at a time like this we could not politicize this and show compassion to people that are struggling with this. It's real," the pastor said."It really is a pandemic that's swept our nation and even the world." It is unknown where <mask> contracted the virus, though reports suggest it may have been at a White House event. On October 9, <mask> reported he “was feeling really good” and that he had completed quarantine and was planning on returning to preaching. Publications
Johnny Cash: The Redemption of An American Icon. Terrill Marshall,. Washington, DC : Salem Books. 2019. .
World Changers: How God Uses Ordinary People to do Extraordinary Things.Larry Libby,. Grand Rapids, Michigan : Baker Books, a division of Baker Publishing Group. 2020. .
References
External links
Harvest.org
Harvest Christian Fellowship
<mask> bio
<mask> - Christian Comics Pioneer
Article: Harvest America: Christians Celebrate Changed Lives at History-Making Event
Harvest Crusades: New app for nationwide event
1952 births
Living people
American anti-abortion activists
American Protestant ministers and clergy
American Christian creationists
American Christian writers
Anti-same-sex-marriage activists
Conservatism in the United States
People from Long Beach, California
Newport Harbor High School
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<mask> (26 June 1760 – 25 March 1799) was an Austrian military commander. He achieved the rank of Field Marshal and died at the Battle of Stockach. The third son of a cadet branch of the House of Fürstenberg, at his birth his chances of inheriting the family title of Fürst zu Fürstenberg were slight; he was prepared instead for a military career, and a tutor was hired to teach him the military sciences. He entered the Habsburg military in 1777, at the age of seventeen years, and was a member of the field army in the short War of the Bavarian Succession (1778–79). His career progressed steadily during the Habsburg War with the Ottoman Empire. In particular he distinguished himself at Šabac in 1790, when he led his troops in storming the fortress on the Sava river. During the French Revolutionary Wars, he fought with distinction again for the First Coalition, particularly at Ketsch and Frœschwiller, and in 1796 at Emmendingen, Schliengen and Kehl.He was stationed at key points to protect the movements of the Austrian army. With a force of 10,000, he defended the German Rhineland at Kehl, and reversed a bayonet assault by French troops at Bellheim; his troops also overran Speyer without any losses. By the end of the War of the First Coalition, at the age of 35, he had achieved the rank of Field Marshal. During the War of the Second Coalition, he fought in the first two battles of the German campaign, at Ostrach on 21 March 1799, and at Stockach on 25 March 1799. At the latter action while leading a regiment of grenadiers, he was hit by French case shot and
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knocked off his horse. He died shortly afterward. Childhood and early military training
As the third son of a cadet (junior) branch of the Fürstenberg princely family, <mask>s was prepared for a military career.His tutor, Lieutenant Ernst, was in active service in the Habsburg military, and took six-year-old <mask> on maneuvers with him. In this way, he learned as a child the Habsburg military manual, and came into contact with important military men who later furthered his education and career; he also acquired an honorary rank as Kreis-Obristen, or Colonel of the Imperial Circle, by the time he was ten years old. As a youth, in 1776, he met the Habsburg war minister Count Franz Moritz von Lacy and Baron Ernst Gideon von Laudon; he was also invited to dine with Emperor Joseph II. He started his service in 1777 as a Fähnrich (ensign) in the Habsburg military organization. He saw his first field service during the War of the Bavarian Succession (1777–78), although he was not involved in any battles. In 1780, at the age of twenty years, he was promoted to captain, and assigned to the 34th Infantry Regiment, also known as the Anton Esterházy, named for Paul II Anton Esterházy, the general of cavalry, field marshal of the Seven Years' War, and ambassador to Britain. While he was assigned to this unit, he participated in the border conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburgs, 1787–92, and stormed the fortress at Šabac (German: Schabatz) on the Sava River in Serbia on 27 April 1788.For his action at Šabac, he was personally commended by the Emperor; on
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the following day, he was promoted to major and given command of a grenadier battalion. On 1 January 1790, at Laudon's explicit request, <mask> <mask> was promoted to major general; at the end of June of that year, he received the coveted position of second colonel of the 34th Infantry Regiment Anton Esterhazy, where he served as the executive officer for Antal, Prince Esterházy de Galántha, the 34th Hungarian Regiment's Colonel and Proprietor. This was a customary appointment in which a less prominent officer completed the day-to-day administrative duties of the Colonel and Proprietor, who was usually a noble and was often posted in a different assignment, sometimes a different staff location. <mask> <mask> also received the confraternal Order of Saint Hubert from the Duke of Bavaria and married the "elegant" Princess Elisabeth of Thurn und Taxis (1767–1822), that year. Fight against Revolutionary France
While <mask> <mask> fought for the Habsburg cause in Serbia, in France, a coalition of the clergy and the professional and bourgeois class—the First and Third estates—led a call for reform of the French government and the creation of a written constitution. Initially, the rulers of Europe viewed the French Revolution as an event between the French king and his subjects, and not something in which they should interfere. In 1790, Leopold succeeded his brother Joseph as emperor and by 1791, he considered the situation surrounding his sister, Marie Antoinette, and her children, with greater alarm.In August 1791, in consultation with French émigré nobles and
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Frederick William II of Prussia, he issued the Declaration of Pillnitz, in which they declared the interest of the monarchs of Europe as one with the interests of Louis XVI and his family. They threatened ambiguous, but quite serious, consequences if anything should happen to the royal family. The French émigrés continued to agitate for support of a counter-revolution. On 20 April 1792, the French National Convention declared war on Austria. In the War of the First Coalition (1792–1797), France opposed most of the European states sharing land or water borders with her, plus Portugal and the Ottoman Empire. War of the First Coalition
In the early days of the French Revolutionary Wars, <mask> <mask> remained as brigade commander of a small Austrian corps, approximately 10,000 men, under the overall command of Anton, Prince Esterházy. He was stationed in the Breisgau, a Habsburg territory between the Black Forest and the Rhine.This location between the forested mountains and the river included two important bridgeheads across the river which offered access to southwestern Germany, the Swiss Cantons, or north-central Germany. His brigade defended Kehl, a small village immediately across the Rhine from Strasbourg, but most of the action in 1792 occurred further north, in present-day Belgium, near the cities of Speyer and Trier, and at Frankfurt on the Main River. In the second year of the war, Fürstenberg was transferred to the cavalry of Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser, in the Army of the Upper Rhine, and placed in charge of the advance guard near Speyer, which was
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Rastatt.On 26 June 1796, the French troops of the Army of the Rhine-and-Moselle crossed the Rhine and chased the Swabian Circle's military contingent out of Kehl. In June 1796, Archduke Charles added the contingent to Fürstenberg's command, making him the Swabian's Feldzeugmeister, or General of Infantry. Fürstenberg's troops defended the imperial line at the town of Rastatt until support troops arrived, and they could make an orderly withdrawal into the Upper Danube Valley. The Swabian contingent was demobilized in July, and <mask> returned to the command of Austrian regulars during the Austrian counter-offensive. At the Battle of Emmendingen on 19 October 1796, his leadership was again instrumental in an Austrian victory. General Jean Victor Marie Moreau's Army of the Rhine-and-Moselle sought to retain a foothold on the eastern side of the Rhine, following his retreat from southwestern Germany west of the Black Forest. Fürstenberg held Kenzingen, north of Riegel on the Elz River.<mask> <mask> was ordered to feint against Riegel, to protect the primary Austrian positions at Rust and Kappel. In the Battle of Schliengen (24 October 1796), <mask> commanded the second column of the Austrian force, which included nine battalions of infantry and 30 squadrons of cavalry; with these, he overwhelmed the force of General of Division Gouvion Saint-Cyr, holding his position to prevent the French force from retreating north on the Rhine. While Maximilian Anton <mask>, Count Baillet de Latour, engaged the main Austrian force at Kehl, Archduke Charles entrusted to
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Lieutenant Field Marshal <mask> the command of the forces besieging Hüningen, which included two divisions with 20 battalions of infantry and 40 squadrons of cavalry. Charles' confidence in his young field marshal was well-placed. On 27 November, Fürstenberg's chief engineer opened and drained the water-filled moat protecting the French fortifications. Fürstenberg offered the commander of the bridgehead, General of Brigade Jean Charles Abbatucci, the opportunity to surrender, which he declined. In the night of 30 November to 1 December, Fürstenberg's force stormed the bridgehead twice, but was twice repulsed.In one of these attacks, the French commander was mortally wounded and died on 3 December. Fürstenberg maintained the siege of Kehl while Archduke Charles engaged the stronger French force to the north of Kehl. After the French capitulation at Kehl (10 January 1797), Fürstenberg received additional forces with which he could end the siege at Hüningen. He ordered the reinforcement of the ring of soldiers surrounding Hüningen and, on 2 February 1797, the Austrians prepared to storm the bridgehead. General of Division Georges Joseph Dufour, the new French commander, pre-empted what would have been a costly attack, by offering to surrender the bridge. On 5 February, Fürstenberg finally took possession of the bridgehead. Francis II, the Holy Roman Emperor, appointed him as Colonel and Proprietor of the 36th Infantry Regiment, which bore his name until his death in battle in 1799.Peace
The Coalition forces—Austria, Russia, Prussia, Great Britain, Sardinia,
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among others—achieved several victories at Verdun, Kaiserslautern, Neerwinden, Mainz, Amberg and Würzburg, but in northern Italy, they could neither lift nor escape the siege at Mantua. The efforts of Napoleon Bonaparte in northern Italy pushed Austrian forces to the border of Habsburg lands. Napoleon dictated a cease-fire at Leoben on 17 April 1797, leading to the formal Treaty of Campo Formio, which went into effect on 17 October 1797. Austria withdrew from the territories the army had fought so hard to acquire, including the strategic river crossings at Hüningen and Kehl, as well as key cities further north. When the war ended, Fürstenberg stayed at the Donaueschingen estate of his cousin, <mask> <mask> zu Fürstenberg. Later in 1797, he traveled to Prague and remained with his family until May 1798, when he received a posting to a new division in Linz. His daughter, Maria Anna, was born after he left, on 17 September 1798.Activities in the Second Coalition
Despite the longed-for peace, tensions grew between France and most of the First Coalition allies, either separately or jointly. Ferdinand IV of Naples refused to pay agreed-upon tribute to France, and his subjects followed this refusal with a rebellion. The French invaded Naples and established the Parthenopaean Republic. A republican uprising in the Swiss cantons, encouraged by the French Republic which offered military support, led to the overthrow of the Swiss Confederation and the establishment of the Helvetic Republic. On his way to Egypt in Spring 1798, Napoleon had stopped on the Island of
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the outbreak of hostilities in March 1799, <mask> <mask>ürstenberg was with his troops in Bavarian territory, just north of the free and Imperial city of Augsburg. When news reached the Austrian camp that the French had crossed the Rhine, Charles ordered the imperial army to advance west. Fürstenberg moved his troops toward Augsburg, crossing the Lech River. The French advanced guard arrived in Ostrach on 8–9 March, and over the next week skirmished with the Austrian forward posts, while the rest of the French army arrived. Jourdan disposed his 25,000 troops along a line from Salem Abbey and Lake Constance to the Danube river, centered in Ostrach. He established his command headquarters at the imperial city of Pfullendorf, overlooking the entire Ostrach valley.Jourdan was expecting Dominique Vandamme's troops to arrive in time to support his far north flank near the river, but Vandamme had gone to Stuttgart to investigate a rumored presence of Austrian troops there and had not rejoined the main army. Consequently, the French left flank, under command of Gouvion Saint-Cyr, was thinly manned. Jourdan thought he had more time, expecting Charles would need still three or four days to move his troops across the Lech, and march to Ostrach, but by the middle of Holy Week in 1799, more than a third of Charles' army, 48,000 mixed troops, was positioned in a formation parallel to Jourdan's, and his 72,000 remaining troops were arrayed with the left wing at Kempten, the center near Memmingen, and the right flank extended to Ulm. By 21 March, the French and Austrian
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outposts overlapped, and skirmishing intensified. Charles had divided his force into four columns. Fürstenberg covered the northern flank of the Archduke's main force. Fürstenberg's force pushed the French out of Davidsweiler, and then advanced on Ruppersweiler and Einhard, 5 kilometers (3 mi) to the northwest of Ostrach.Saint-Cyr did not have the manpower to defend the position, and the entire line fell back to Ostrach, with Fürstenberg's troops pressuring their withdrawal. Fürstenberg's persistent pressure on the French left flank was instrumental in the collapse of the northern part of the French line. After their success in driving the French back from Ostrach, and then from the heights of Pfullendorf, the Austrian forces continued to press the French back to Stockach, and then another five miles or so to Engen. Death at the Battle of Stockach (1799)
On the morning of what they suspected would be the general engagement, <mask> <mask> sought out the field chaplain, and requested the sacraments because, as he told his aide, anything can happen during a battle. Although Ostrach had been a hard-fought battle, at Engen and Stockach, the Austrian and French forces were far more concentrated—more men in a smaller space—than they had been at Ostrach, where the French forces in particular had been stretched thinly on a long line from Lake Constance to north of the Danube. At Stockach, furthermore, Jourdan had all his troops under his direct control, with the possible exception of Dominique Vandamme, who was maneuvering his small force of cavalry and light
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infantry into position to attempt a flanking action on the far right Austrian flank. In the course of the battle, Jourdan's forces were supposed to engage in simultaneous attacks on the left, center and right of the Austrian line.On the French right, Souham's and Ferino's Corps met with strong resistance and were stopped; on the French left, Lefebvre's troops charged with such force that the Austrians were pushed back. Having stopped Souham's and Ferino's assault, Charles had troops available to counter Lefebvre's force. At that point, Vandamme's men moved into action. Because Souham's assault at the center had been stalled, Charles still had enough men to turn part of his force to fight this new threat, but the Austrians were hard pressed and the action furious. At one point, Charles attempted to lead his eight battalions of Hungarian grenadiers into action, to the dismay of the old soldiers. <mask> reportedly said that while he lived, he would not leave this post (at the head of the grenadiers) and the Archduke should not dismount and fight. As <mask> led the Hungarian grenadiers into the battle, he was cut down by a canister and case shot employed by the French.Although he was carried alive off the field, he died almost immediately. Charles ultimately did lead his grenadiers into battle, and reportedly his personal bravery rallied his troops to push back the French. After the battle, someone removed Fürstenberg's wedding ring and returned it to his wife in Prague, with news of his death; <mask> was buried at the battlefield cemetery in Stockach, and his
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cousin erected a small monument there, but in 1857, his body was moved to the family cemetery, Maria Hof at Neudingen, near Donaueschingen. Family
Upon the death of Prosper Ferdinand, Count Fürstenberg, in the War of the Spanish Succession, in 1704 the Fürstenberg inheritance was divided between the count's two youngest sons, Joseph Wilhelm Ernst and Wilhelm Egon; the eldest son was an ecclesiastic. The family of Fürstenberg was raised to princely status 2 February 1716, with the elevation of Joseph Wilhelm Ernst, as the first Prince (Fürst) of Fürstenberg (German: Fürst zu Fürstenberg). The first prince had three sons, Joseph Wenzel Johann Nepomuk (1728–1783), <mask> Egon (1729–1787), and Prosper Maria, who died in infancy. The title passed through the line of the first son, Joseph Wenzel Johann Nepomuk (as second prince), to his son Joseph Maria Benedikt <mask> (third prince, who died in 1796) and then to another son of the second prince, <mask> <mask> (fourth prince).The last son of Joseph Wilhelm Ernst died in 1803 without male issue. Consequently, the title passed to the male line of first prince's second son. This son, <mask> Egon, had died in 1787. <mask> Egon's oldest son, Joseph Maria Wenzel (16 August 1754 – 14 July 1759), died as a small child. The second son, Philipp Nerius Maria (Prague, 21 October 1755 – 5 June 1790), married in 1779 to his first cousin, Josepha Johanna Benedikta von Fürstenberg (sister of the third and fourth princes), at Donaueschingen. Only one of their sons survived childhood, but died at the age of 15 years. The other
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children of this second son were all daughters, and thus not eligible to inherit the title Prince of Fürstenberg.Consequently, the title devolved to the agnatic male descendants of <mask> zu Fürstenberg. In 1803, two of <mask> <mask>ürstenberg's children were still living. <mask>, as the surviving son, inherited the title Prince of Fürstenberg; he and his eldest sister lived into adulthood and produced families. Children of <mask> zu Fürstenberg and Elizabeth, Princess of Thurn und Taxis, were:
Marie Leopoldine (Prague, 4 September 1791 – Kupferzell, 10 January 1844); married at Heiligenberg, 20 May 1813 to Charles Albert III, Prince of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst (Vienna, 29 February 1776 – Bad Mergentheim, 15 June 1843)
Maria Josepha (9 September 1792)
Antonie (28 October 1794 – 1 October 1799)
<mask> II (Prague, 28 October 1796 – Bad Ischl 22 October 1854), succeeded his cousin, Joachim, as the fifth Fürst zu Fürstenberg on 17 May 1804. He married on 19 April 1818, to Amalie Christine Karoline, of Baden (Karlsruhe, 26 January 1795 – Karlsruhe, 14 September 1869). Maria Anna, 17 September 1798 – 18 July 1799
References
Footnotes
Sources
Blanning, Timothy. The French Revolutionary Wars, New York: Oxford University Press, 1996, .Chisholm, Hugh. "Fürstenberg". The Encyclopædia Britannica; a Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature and General Information. Cambridge, England, New York: At the University Press, 1910–11. Cust, Edward (Sir). Annals of the wars of the eighteenth century, compiled from the most authentic histories of the period.
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London: Mitchell's military library, 1857–1860.Ebert, Jens-Florian. "Feldmarschall-Leutnant Fürst zu Fürstenberg." Die Österreichischen Generäle 1792–1815. Napoleon Online: Portal zu Epoch. Markus Stein, editor. Mannheim, Germany. 14 February 2010 version.Accessed 5 February 2010. Herold, Stephen. The Austrian Army in 1812. In: Le Societé Napoléonienne. Accessed 31 December 2009. Münch, Ernst Hermann Joseph; Carl Borromäus Alois Fickler. Geschichte des Hauses und Landes Fürstenberg: aus Urkunden und den besten Quellen.Aachen: Mayer, 1847. Phipps, Ramsey Weston. The Armies of the First French Republic, volume 5: "The armies of the Rhine in Switzerland, Holland, Italy, Egypt and the coup d'etat of Brumaire, 1797–799," Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1939, pp. 49–50. Rickard, J. Battle of Emmendingen, 19 October 1796. History of War.Peter D. Antill, Tristan Dugdale-Pointon and J. Rickard, editors. February 2009 update. Accessed 7 October 2009. Smith, Digby. "Fürstenberg". Leonard Kudrna and Digby Smith, compilers. A biographical dictionary of all Austrian Generals during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars.Napoleon Series. Robert Burnham, editor in chief. January 2008 version. Accessed 7 October 2009. External links
Marek, Miroslav. House of Fürstenberg: <mask> (F3). Version 2008.Accessed 20 January 2010. 1760 births
1799 deaths
Military personnel from Prague
<mask>s
Austrian Empire military leaders of the French Revolutionary Wars
Military leaders of the French Revolutionary Wars killed in battle
Field marshals of Austria
Military personnel killed
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<mask> (16 September 1873, in Ixelles – 7 June 1955, in Uccle) was a Belgian artist, academic, and soldier. He attended the Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts in Ghent, where he studied with Jean Delvin. He then enrolled in the Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts in Brussels, where he studied with Jean-François Portaels. He won the Prix Godecharle there in 1897. He traveled to Paris, where he enrolled in the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris. He was in Paris when hostilities broke out in what would become the First World War. War Artist
In July/August 1918, Lieutenant <mask> was attached as a war artist to the Canadian 22nd Battalion.Some of the work he created in this period is part of the Beaverbrook Collection of War Art at the Canadian War Museum in Ottawa.In the Belgian Army, after serving in the 'Garde Civique' like many other Belgians, Bastien fled to Great Britain after the fall of Antwerp in October 1914 and despite his age (43) volunteered for the Belgian Army. He was eventually transferred to the 'Section Artistique' in Nieuwpoort along with many of his pre-war artist friends and acquaintances. From 1915 onwards, he made many drawings and sketches of the situation on and behind the Belgian lines on the Yser river. The British war-time magazine 'the Illustrated War News', among others, regularly published his work, quite often in distinctive and semi-panoramic, multi-color two-page spreads. In 1917, on personal request by Lord Beaverbrook who owned several of Bastien's pre-war paintings, he was seconded to the Canadian Army until September 1918, during which time he produced many works of art specifically related to the Canadian war experience. After the
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war, <mask> painted a grand Panorama of the Yser Front in 19th century tradition, a project which he had been planning since 1914 and which, according to his own telling, had been suggested to him by King Albert in 1914. During his war-time service in the Belgian Army, Bastien made many sketches, drawings and photos which were later either incorporated into the Panorama itself or were useful studies in technique and effects.The 'Panorama de l'Yser' painting itself measured 115 meters in length and 14 meters in height and was initially exhibited in Brussels. In the mid 1920s, a permanent building was constructed in Ostend, Belgium to house the Panorama along with a multitude of props and decor. The intention of moving the Panorama to Ostend was to capture a share of British war-tourism, since most British coming to visit relatives' war graves arrived by steamer in Ostend before proceeding to the area of the Ypres Salient. The Panorama opened at Ostend in 1926. Financially the Panorama was great success, both for Bastien who received a tremendous fee for the painting, for the consortium of businessmen and banks which provided funds and capital and for the city of Ostend which provided real estate and a newly constructed building to house the Panorama. The initial investment was repaid many times over, from entrance fees and from (by modern standards) modest merchandising of postcards and prints. To give a relative idea of the finances involved, the actual cost of the painting materials (oil paint, linnen, brushes etc.)was estimated at around 40 000 BF, the cost to construct the new building at Ostend was 550 000 BF and Bastien's fee itself was set at 350
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000 BF. Entrance fees for customers was 3 BF. While on exhibition in Brussels until 1925 it is estimated that more than 800 000 customers visited the Panorama, amongst them many of the crowned heads of Europe, presidents and foreign emperors alike, all to great acclaim by the news-media. In completing a work of such dimensions it is obvious that Bastien could not do all the painting himself. Several of his war-time friends and fellow artists from the 'Section Artistique' participated in this grand project. The initial sketching in of the broad outline in charcoal of the Panorama took about a week's time to complete, while the actual painting and varnishing took one year's time. The Panorama was set up in a circle, with paying spectators having a viewing place in the center.Careful attention was given to the lighting effects and the placement of objects in the foreground, in order to create a more believable optical illusion. Aside from his most famous 'Panorama de l'Yser', exhibited in Brussels, <mask> also created a smaller sized 'Panorama de la Bataille de la Meuse' in 1937 which showed an amalgam of scenes from the fighting in Namur and the Citadel of Dinant during August 1914. Part of this panorama which depicted the massacre of Belgian civilians in Dinant in August 1914, was deliberately destroyed by German authorities during the 1940–44 occupation. The 'Panorama de l'Yser' was heavily damaged in 1940 during a bombing raid by British aircraft. The museum was closed during the war years and the painting was exposed to all manner of adverse weather conditions. In 1951 the work was moved into the Royal Army Museum in Brussels where a preliminary
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restoration was undertaken. Afterwards it was exhibited in the Army Museum until 1980.Subsequently, the painting has remained in storage, awaiting further restoration and a definitive destination. Honours
1919 : Grand officer in the Order of Leopold. 1945 : Member of the Royal Academy of Science, Letters and Fine Arts of Belgium. Career
A<mask> served from 1927 to 1945 as Professor of the Class of Painting after Nature ("Peinture d'après Nature", in French) at Brussels'Royal Academy of Fine Arts. He ensured the interim (1932–1933) of the Class of Landscape Painting ("Paysage") after the death of Professor Paul Mathieu, and before his replacement by Frans Smeers (1933–1946). He also held the Directorship of this institution at three occasions: from October 1928 to Januari 1929, from June 1929 to October 1930, and a three-year mandate from September 1935 to September 1938. Among his students was Wu Zuoren (Wu Tso-jen), who would become head of the China Central Academy of Fine Arts in Beijing.See also
Canadian official war artists
War artist
War art
Notes
References
Mackerras, Colin and Amanda Yorke. (1991). The Cambridge handbook of contemporary China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ; ; OCLC 220762013
State, Paul F. (2004). Historical Dictionary of Brussels. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press.; OCLC 260107147
External links
Over the Top, Neuville-Vitasse, 1918
Canadian Snipers, Beaurain-en artois, 1918
1873 births
1955 deaths
People from Ixelles
Canadian war artists
Belgian war artists
20th-century Belgian painters
Members of the Royal Academy of Belgium
Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts alumni
Royal Academy of Fine Arts (Ghent)
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<mask>, also known as <mask>, (born 1 January 1943) is an Indian Chemical Engineer, born in a village Mashel in Goa and brought up in Maharashtra. He is a former Director General of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). He was also the President of Indian National Science Academy (2004-2006), President of Institution of Chemical Engineers (2007) as also the President of Global Research Alliance (2007-2018). He was also first Chairperson of Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR). He is a Fellow of the Royal Society, Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering (FREng), Foreign associate of US National Academy of Engineering and the US National Academy of Sciences. Life and work
<mask> studied at University of Bombay's University Department of Chemical Technology (UDCT; now the Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai) where he obtained BE degree in chemical engineering in 1966, and PhD degree in 1969. He currently serves as chancellor of the institute.He served as the director general of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) - a network of thirty-eight laboratories-for over eleven years. Prior to this, he was Director of National Chemical Laboratory (NCL) for six years. He has been a visiting professor at Harvard University(2007-2012), at University of Delaware (1976, 1988), and at Technical University of Denmark (1982). He has been Sir Louis Matheson Distinguished Professor at Monash University for thirteen years (2007-2019). He has been on the board of directors of several companies such as Reliance Industries Ltd, Tata Motors, Hindustan Unilever, Thermax, Piramal Group, KPIT Technologies, etc. He has been a member of External Research Advisory Board of Microsoft (USA), Advisory Board of VTT (Finland), Corporate Innovation Board of Michelin (France), Advisory Board of National Research Foundation (Singapore), among others. As Director of India's National Chemical Laboratory (NCL) during 1989-1995, Mashelkar gave a new orientation to NCL's research
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programmes with strong emphasis on globally competitive technologies and international patenting.NCL, which was involved only in import substitution research till then, began licensing its patents to multinational companies. As Director General of CSIR, <mask> led the process of transformation of CSIR. The book 'World Class in India', has ranked CSIR among the top twelve organizations, who have managed the radical change the best in post-liberalised India. The process of CSIR transformation has been heralded as one of the ten most significant achievements of Indian Science and Technology in the twentieth century, by eminent astrophysicist Prof. Jayant Narlikar, in his book, The Scientific Edge. <mask> campaigned strongly with Indian academics, researchers and corporates for strengthening the IPR ecosystem. Under his leadership, CSIR occupied the first position in WIPO's top fifty PCT filler among all the developing nations in 2002. CSIR progressed in US patent filing to an extent that they reached 40% share of the US patents granted to India in 2002.Led by Mashelkar, CSIR successfully fought the battle of revocation of the US patent on wound healing properties of turmeric (USP 5,401,5041) claiming that this was India's traditional knowledge and therefore not novel. <mask> also chaired the Technical Committee, which successfully challenged the revocation of the US patents on Basmati Rice (USP 5,663,484) by RiceTec Company, Texas, (2001). This opened up new paradigms in the protection of traditional knowledge with WIPO bringing in a new internal patent classification system, where sub-groups on traditional knowledge were created for the first time. This led to the creation of India's Traditional Knowledge Digital Library, which helped in prevention of the grant of wrong patents on traditional knowledge. He pioneered the concept of Gandhian Engineering in 2008 (Getting More from Less for More People). His paper with late C.K. Prahalad titled `Innovation’s Holy Grail’ has been considered as a
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significant contribution to inclusive innovation.His other contributions amplify the concept of More from Less for More. He was on the Engineering and Computer Science jury for the Infosys Prize from 2009 to 2015. National contributions
He was a member of the Scientific Advisory Council to the Prime Minister and also of the Scientific Advisory Committee to the Cabinet set up by successive governments. He has chaired twelve high powered committees set up to look into diverse issues ranging from national auto fuel policy to overhauling the Indian drug regulatory system & dealing with the menace of spurious drugs. He was appointed by the Government as Assessor for the One-man Inquiry Commission investigating into the Bhopal Gas Tragedy (1985–86), and as Chairman of the Committee for investigating the Maharashtra Gas Cracker Complex accident (1990–91). Deeply connected with the innovation movement in India, Dr. <mask> served as the Chairman of India's National Innovation Foundation (2000-2018). He chaired Reliance Innovation Council, KPIT Technologies Innovation Council, Persistent Systems Innovation Council and Marico Foundation's Governing Council.He co-chairs the Maharashtra State Innovation Society. Research
<mask> has made contributions in transport phenomena, particularly in thermodynamics of swelling, superswelling and shrinking polymers, modelling of polymerisation reactors, and engineering analysis of Non-Newtonian flows. He won the TWAS Lenovo Science Prize, which is the highest honour given by The World Academy of Science. The citation for the prize given read as “for his seminal contributions in mechanistic analysis, synthesis and applications of novel stimuli responsive polymers.”
His prize winning work has been recently highlighted in Current Science, some highlights are as follows: <mask> and co-workers researched on smart hydrogels, which are water swollen crosslinked networks of polymers. They respond to stimuli such as pH, temperature, electric field, etc. and undergo volume phase
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transition. They have enormous potential as sensors, actuators, soft robots, controlled drug delivery systems, etc.<mask> and co-workers discovered and demonstrated for the first time a class of smart hydrogels that exhibited unique biomimicking functions: thermoresponsive volume phase transitions similar to sea cucumbers, self-organization into core-shell hollow structures similar to coconuts, shape memory as exhibited by living organisms, and metal ion-mediated cementing similar to marine mussels. Besides this, his group also created switching biomimetic hydrogels showing enzyme like activity (gelzymes). Achieving self-healing in permanently cross-linked hydrogels had remained elusive because of the presence of water and irreversible cross-links. <mask> and co-workers demonstrated for the first time that permanently cross-linked hydrogels can be engineered to exhibit self-healing in an aqueous environment. <mask> and co-workers demonstrated for the first time a novel enzyme mimicking hydrogel (gelzyme) in the form of a polymeric chymotrypsin mimic, whose hydrolytic activity could be rapidly, precisely and reversibly triggered on / off by UV light and pH. Unlike the enzyme-based systems, gelzyme offered additional features: greater tailorability; complete reversibility; and stability in hostile environments. Controversy
In 2005, the Indian government established a technical expert group on patent laws under the chairmanship of <mask>.Its purpose was to determine whether amendments made in Indian patent law were TRIPS compliant. The committee unanimously concluded that the amendments were not TRIPS compliant. The report generated controversy when editorials published simultaneously in the Times of India and The Hindu alleged parts of the report had been plagiarised. <mask> subsequently withdrew the report due to the alleged plagiarism, admitting to flaws in the report whilst stating, "This is the first time such a thing has happened." He later also explained that the technical flaw was not the
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alleged lack of attribution but it was citing the attribution at the end of the report than in the body of the report due to the style adopted for the report. The controversy was raised in the Indian Parliament, with demands that the report be "trashed" and the issues be referred to a joint standing committee. However, the government instead referred the report back to the technical expert group to reexamine and correct the inaccuracies.The report was resubmitted after corrections in March 2009 and was accepted by the Government as such. Awards and recognition
Dr. <mask> has received several awards and is a member of numerous scientific bodies and committees. So far, 42 universities from around the world have honored him with honorary doctorates, which include Universities of London, Salford, Pretoria, Wisconsin, Swinburne, Monash and Delhi. ETH Presidential Lecture (2007), Zurich. Inaugural BP Innovation Oration, Judge Business School, University of Cambridge (2010). IIFA Ben Gurion Award, Israel (2009) for contributions in Science & Technology
Asian Development Bank Eminent Speaker Forum Oration, Manila (2014)
P.V. Danckwerts Memorial Lecture, IChemE, London (1994)
References
Scientists from Goa
1943 births
Living people
Indian chemical engineers
Rheologists
University of Mumbai alumni
Institute of Chemical Technology alumni
Marathi people
Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in science & engineering
Recipients of the Padma Shri in science & engineering
Fellows of the Royal Society
Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
People from North Goa district
Recipients of the Maharashtra Bhushan Award
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in science & engineering
20th-century Indian chemists
20th-century Indian engineers
Engineers from Goa
Indian fluid dynamicists
Fellows of the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Engineering
Recipients of the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award in
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<mask> (born c. 1973) is a former American politician and the Mayor of Teaneck, New Jersey. He was elected on July 1, 2010, in a 5–2 vote by the non-partisan township council. The son of immigrants from Hyderabad, India, <mask> is the first Muslim-American to be elected mayor in Bergen County, and one of a few Muslims to hold the office of mayor in the United States. On July 1, 2016, <mask> was again elected Mayor of Teaneck by the town council following the death of Mayor Lizette Parker in April. His term of service ended July 1, 2020. Biography
Early life and education
<mask> was born to an Indian Muslim family from Hyderabad in The Bronx, New York City. He moved to Teaneck, New Jersey, in 1981 with his family.He attended Emerson Elementary School and Benjamin Franklin Middle School in the Teaneck Public Schools before graduating from Teaneck High School. He then attended Rutgers University for two-and-a-half years. He owns and operates the HW Title Agency in nearby Hackensack, New Jersey. Political career
The township's deputy mayor, Adam Gussen, an Orthodox Jew, had attended primary school, Teaneck High School and Rutgers University with <mask>. <mask> told the New Jersey Jewish News the pair first met in middle school, in grade six, when they were both sent to their school's principal's office for different infractions. His election sparked media attention to the diversity of Teaneck's population. <mask> had been Teaneck's first Muslim councilmember when he was elected to a four-year term on the Township Council in 2008.On May 8, 2012, <mask> was re-elected as Mayor of Teaneck with 4,374 votes. Scholars and journalists have chosen to quote and comment on <mask>'s term as mayor. During the summer of 2010 the conversion of a building in Manhattan to a mosque triggered controversy for some Americans, because it was less than a mile from the site where the World Trade Center towers had been brought down, with great
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loss of life, by hijacked airliners piloted by Muslim extremists. On August 16, 2010, Gwen Ifill of the PBS Newshour tried to moderate a discussion between <mask> and Rick Lazio a former member of the US Congress and candidate for Governor of New York, over the "Ground Zero Mosque". The discussion grew acrimonious, very acrimonious by PBS standards, and Ifill felt she should write about how the acrimonious discussion escaped her control to moderate the next day. Australian scholars, comparing how American television and Australian television marked the tenth anniversary of al Qaeda's attack of 9–11, chose to quote <mask>. <mask>'s comment was originally broadcast on the Seven Network as a response to anti-Muslim retaliations:
We're Muslim Americans, we're neighbors, we're politicians, we're doctors, we're lawyers.You know we're teachers. We're part of the American fabric. And to single us out and to put out these bills that are unconstitutional, saying you can't practise your religion, and anti-sharia bills and things like that—these Pavlovian triggers that the Islamophobes are very good at putting out there. That's something that our community really, ... I'd say we are hurt by. Tina Susman, reporting in the Los Angeles Times also chose to quote <mask>, in its coverage of the Ground Zero Mosque controversy. She noted how he described how some politicians focussed on Muslims, when "looking for a wedge issue."She also noted the high regard his Jewish colleagues apparently felt for him, quoting Elie Katz, who joked <mask> encouraged him to be a better Jew, when he knew Katz was missing attending synagogue. <mask> was included in a list of prominent Muslim office-holders in "Sons of Abraham: A Candid Conversation about the Issues That Divide and Unite Jews and Muslims". The other six individuals offered as examples were Congressional Representatives or Presidential appointees. In "Uncle Swamy" Vijay Prashad described the
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struggles individuals of South Asian ethnic heritage have engaged in to be accepted more fully into the mainstream of American life. He praised Teaneck city council for passing a "far-sighted anti-bias resolution" under <mask>'s leadership. In December 2011 CBS News quoted <mask> in a report about a general problem in New Jersey. <mask> told Levon Putney that in 2008 five deputy fire chiefs retired, telling the city they were each owed a substantial payout for unused sick-pay.He said that the officials had been trusted to keep track of their own sick-pay. Teaneck closed this loophole for its own officials. But in 2011 New Jersey Governor Chris Christie called for an end to local officials keeping track of their own sick pay. In March 2013 Hameedudin was chosen to appear in a panel at the Wilson Center, entitled "American Muslim Local Officials: Challenges and Opportunities". <mask> participated as one of three Muslim celebrity judges during the "Crescent Foods Cooking Challenge" at the "Sameer's Eats Halal Food Tour" in July 2013. Four cooking teams were challenged to prepare a halal meal with mystery ingredients. Second tenure as mayor (2016–2020)
Incumbent Mayor Lizette Parker unexpectedly died in office on April 24, 2016.Deputy Mayor Elie Katz assumed the role of acting mayor until Parker's permanent successor could be elected by the town council. On July 1, 2016, the Teaneck town council elected <mask> as the new mayor of Teaneck, marking his second tenure as head of the township. He was sworn into office by Jersey City Mayor Steve Fulop later that same day. His term ended July 1, 2020 as he opted to not run for re-election to the council. References
1973 births
Living people
American Muslims
People from the Bronx
Mayors of Teaneck, New Jersey
New Jersey city council members
Rutgers University alumni
American mayors of Indian descent
American politicians of Indian descent
Asian-American people in New Jersey
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Joseph K<mask> (born January 2, 1959) is an American actor, producer, director, author, dramatist, humorist, cartoonist, and documentarian. Biography
Early life
<mask> was born on January 2, 1959, in Newark, New Jersey, the son of a policeman, <mask>., and a housewife, the former Joan Kvidahl. <mask> began performing as a child. His family moved to Iselin, New Jersey in 1965. In 1971, he began recording his first audio stories, Willoughby and the Professor, half hour stories, in which he performed all of the voices himself, creating live sound effects, and scoring with 78 RPM records he found in his attic. According to NPR, <mask> sent a 120-minute cassette of his Willoughby stories to voice actor Daws Butler, the voice of Yogi Bear, Quickdraw McGraw, Huckleberry Hound and other Hanna-Barbera and Jay Ward cartoon characters. Butler soon dubbed himself <mask>'s mentor.Author
<mask> has written and edited a number of books, including Daws Butler, Characters Actor, the authorized biography of his mentor and the voice of Yogi Bear. He co-authored the script book Uncle Dunkle and Donnie with Daws Butler and edited Butler's Scenes for Actors and Voices workbook. He has also written many liner notes on the history of radio for Radio Spirits releases. Radio career
<mask> also worked for WBGO, Jazz 88 in Newark, NJ, and produced documentaries for WNYC, New York Public Radio, on jazz legends including Louis Armstrong, Wynton Marsalis, Count Basie, Woody Herman, Cab Calloway, and Lionel Hampton. His features play on NPR. He is a frequent contributor to National Public Radio, and in 2009, <mask> presented his commentary for
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Marketplace. about his "green lifestyle".As of June 2014, <mask> had 14 regularly airing radio series, and 34 hours of new radio per month. The Joe Bev Hour
The Joe Bev Hour is the umbrella named used by radio stations for all of his productions syndicated worldwide:
The Comedy-O-Rama Hour is improvised radio theater, performed by regulars <mask>, Lorie Kellogg, Kenny Savoy, Jim Folly and guest stars Rick Overton, Judy Tenuta, Bob Camp (co-creator of Ren and Stimpy), Shelley Berman, Al Franken (before he was a Senator), Bob Edwards, Julie Newmar and Stuart Pankin. The series had a four-year run on Sirius XM Radio before moving to syndication. The Jazz-O-Rama Hour is a music show hosted by <mask>, featuring 78 RPM and early LP recordings remastered from his own personal collection spanning the 1920s to the 1960s. The Joe Bev Experience is an omnibus of documentaries, interviews, comedy and drama. Cartoon Carnival is an hour of rare and classic cartoon audio, children's records, cartoon music and sound effects, new radio cartoons, interviews and mini-documentaries about the animation. The Joe Bev Audio Theater is an anthology of drama and humor storytelling with full casts, sound effects and music.The Joe Bev Hour Sunday Edition is a rotating lineup which includes The Comedy-O-Rama, The Joe Bev Experience, Cartoon Carnival, and The Joe Bev Audio Theater. Bear Manor Radio
In March 2014, BearManor Media appointed <mask> as program director of the new Bear Manor Radio Network. In an announcement dated March 28, 2014, Ben Ohmart, president of Bear Manor Media, the publisher of books about old Hollywood, said, "We are
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excited to collaborate again with the extraordinarily talented <mask>." The BearManor Radio went on the air streaming 24/7 on April 1, 2014, with six program. On June 1, 2014, the network added four more hour, all produced by <mask>. These are:
The Voice Actor Show: Interviews with top voice actors
Lorie's Book Nook: Interviews with Bear Manor authors
The J-OTR Show: A mix of new and old time radio
Fred Frees Favorites: An audio book sampler
The Jazz-O-Rama Hour: Early 78 RPM and LP recordings remastered
Cartoon Carnival: Interview, music and soundtracks
The Lost OTR Show: Recently uncovered old time radio not heard in over 60 years
Audio Classics Archive: The top old time radio from the vault of Terry Salomonson
What's Cookin' with Chef Steve: Jazz, authors, and recipes
Audio books
In 2011, <mask> signed a deal with Audible to distribute all of his audiobooks, including radio drama, science fiction, comedy, cartoons, documentary, classic literature, biography, and autobiography. In 2012, <mask> signed a new deal with Blackstone Audio, which has released nearly 100 audio titles by Bevilacqua, for download, CD, retail and libraries.100 more are planned for 2014, many radio theater and comedy. Cartoonist
Since the 1970s, <mask> has been cartooning his own characters, starting with Willoughby and the Professor. He has drawn for many of his projects and most recently drew cover art for six new Blackstone Audio titles coming up July 1, 2014, under the collective title A Joe Bev Cartoon. Film and TV
<mask>v was also the voice of Unicycler Cat in the North Bay Corp animated television commercials. Stage
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<mask>'s stage work includes roles in Equus, Bedroom Farce, Applause, Black Comedy, and others plays. He tours regularly as Bud Abbott in A Tribute to Bud & Lou with Bob Greenberg as Lou Costello. <mask> has performed at [The Improv], Caroline's on Broadway, Catch a Rising Star, and the Comic Strip.He has opened for Uncle Floyd, and has worked with Al Franken, Shelley Berman, Lewis Black and Rick Overton. <mask> has also MC'd shows featuring Jerry Seinfeld, Bill Mahr and Gilbert Gottfried. In 1989, funded by The New Jersey Historical Commission and The Monmouth County Historical Society, <mask> produced, directed and starred in A Freneau Sampler, consisting of the poetry, prose and life of Philip Freneau. Awards
2013 – Kean University Distinguished Alumni Award
2012 – New York TANYS Award for Excellence in Ensemble Acting, for his portrayal of Bud Abbott in The Vaudeville in the Catskills show. 2006 – New York Festivals award for All Things Considered, a tribute to <mask>a
2004 – Silver Reel Award from the National Federation of Community Broadcasters for his personal essay, "A Guy Named Joe Bevilacqua Audio". 2001 – New York Festivals award for Lady Bird Johnson: Legacy of a First Lady
Filmography
Film
Television
References
External links
<mask>'s Official Waterlogg Productions Blogg
Waterlogg Productions, Waterlogg Design
<mask> at IMDb
1959 births
Living people
American biographers
American male voice actors
American writers of Italian descent
Male actors from Newark, New Jersey
American male biographers
NPR personalities
Writers from Newark, New Jersey
American radio producers
American radio writers
XM
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<mask> (pronounced BAB-you; born February 3, 1969) is an American politician and member of the Republican Party who was sheriff of Pinal County, Arizona, from January 1, 2009, to January 1, 2017. He was Pinal County's first Republican sheriff. Babeu ran for Arizona's 4th congressional district in the 2012 elections to the United States House of Representatives but withdrew and came out as gay after a personal controversy. He became the Republican nominee for Arizona's 1st congressional district in the 2016 elections after winning the primary on August 30, 2016. He was defeated in the general election by Democrat Tom O'Halleran. Early life and education
<mask> was born on February 3, 1969, in North Adams, Massachusetts, to Raymond and <mask>. <mask> was a longtime employee of the area's electric utility who was also active in local politics.<mask> was the tenth of eleven children born into the family. Babeu has spoken of being molested for several years as a child by at least two Catholic priests, including Richard R. Lavigne. Babeu holds an associate degree in law enforcement from the Arizona Law Enforcement Academy. He also holds a bachelor's degree in history and political science from Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts and a summa cum laude master of public administration from American International College. Early career
Massachusetts politics
At age 17, while still in high school, Babeu campaigned against a proposed raise for North Adams, Massachusetts, City Council members. The council reduced the pay hike and <mask>, running as an independent, turned his effort into a successful campaign and was elected to City Council at the age of 18. In 1992, Babeu was elected to a four-year term as a Berkshire County, Massachusetts, commissioner.At the end of this term in 1996, <mask> ran for a seat in the Massachusetts Senate based in Berkshire, Hampden, Hampshire, and Franklin. He won the Republican nomination against Peter Abair. He lost in the general
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election to Democrat Andrea F. Nuciforo, Jr. 55–42%. In 1997, he ran for mayor of North Adams against incumbent Democrat John Barrett III. In the open primary, <mask> ranked first but failed to reach the 50% threshold. He led Barrett by just 145 votes. In the general election, Barrett won re-election and defeated Babeu 53%-47%, a difference of just 353 votes, in an election with an unusually high turnout rate of 75% among registered voters.In 2001, <mask> ran for a rematch against Barrett, but lost again. DeSisto School executive
<mask> served as headmaster and later as executive director the DeSisto School in Stockbridge, Massachusetts, a school for troubled youths, from 1999 to 2001. The school closed in 2004, following the death of its founder Michael DeSisto. The school was in a long legal fight with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts over licensing, allegations of child abuse, a Commonwealth-imposed enrollment freeze, and accusations of failing to create a safe environment for its students. Court records show that problems at the school arose years before Babeu took over as headmaster. Babeu stated that he had never been the target of an investigation or lawsuit and "was recognized for helping restore financial stability of the school." Babeu was not named in any allegation during the investigation by the state.National Guard
<mask> joined the Massachusetts National Guard as a 21-year-old. He started his service as a private and rose through the ranks to major in the Arizona Army National Guard. During his tenure he served a tour in Iraq and spent 17 months deployed in Arizona as a commander with Operation Jump Start (Southwest Border Mission). From 2006 to 2007, <mask> spent 17 months as commander of Task Force Yuma supervising 700 soldiers, where they supported the United States Border Patrol to achieve operational control and reduce illegal immigration. <mask> retired in September 2010 after 20 years of service. Chandler patrolman
In 2002, he moved to
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Arizona to pursue a law enforcement career as a police officer for the city of Chandler, Arizona. He graduated from the Arizona Law Enforcement Academy as the #1 overall police recruit and was voted by his fellow officers as the class exemplary officer.<mask> was awarded two Life Saving Medals in the performance of his duties as a patrolman in Chandler. Babeu served as the Police Association president for the Chandler Police Department and on the board of directors for the Arizona Police Association. Career as Pinal County Sheriff and runs for higher office
<mask> campaigned for the office of Pinal County Sheriff in 2008 and defeated Democratic incumbent Chris Vasquez, 54% to 46%. He was the first Republican sheriff elected in the history of the county (founded in 1875). <mask> was reelected in 2012 with 53.3% of the votes, winning out over Democrat and independent candidates. <mask> is vice president of the Arizona Sheriffs' Association and was named the National Sheriff of the Year in 2011 by the National Sheriffs' Association. Babeu led the third largest sheriff's office in Arizona with 700 full-time employees.<mask> has been an outspoken critic of the federal government on the issue of illegal immigration. According to <mask>'s website, "Pinal County is the number one pass through county in all of America for drug and human smuggling." He reported, "Pinal County contains an estimated 75-100 drug cartel cells and listening posts/observation posts, used to facilitate the illegal transportation of people and narcotics into the United States." Babeu also helped U.S. Senator John McCain and U.S. Senator Jon Kyl draft their "10-Point Border Security Plan". In late 2010, <mask> was asked by Maricopa County sheriff Joe Arpaio to investigate allegations of wrongdoing in Arapaio's department.This 6-month-long detailed search led to the termination of Arpaio's top two deputies. In 2011 and 2012, the Pinal County Sheriff's Office collected $7 million worth of
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surplus military equipment. Babeau said he intended to balance the department's budget by auctioning the equipment. After an Arizona Republic newspaper report, the Defense Logistics Agency directed Babeu "to retrieve vehicles and other equipment his office distributed to non-police organizations". 2012 congressional election
On October 23, 2011, <mask> announced the formation of an exploratory committee to run for U.S. Congress in what would become Arizona's newly redrawn 4th congressional district. He ran against one-term Representative <mask>, who had been elected to the state's 1st congressional district in 2010. The following February, illegal alien Jose Orozco claimed that <mask> and Orozco had been lovers since meeting in 2006 on an online dating site.Orozco claimed that <mask> had known that he was an illegal alien while they were lovers, at odds with <mask>'s views on immigration policy. After the relationship ended, Orozco claims that <mask> threatened Orozco with deportation to guarantee his silence. Orozco claimed his statements are documented in copies of email and SMS correspondence between Orozco and <mask>. A spokesman for Babeu denied the allegations and described them as "sensationalist". The spokesman confirmed that <mask> would continue to run for U.S. Congress. <mask> came out as gay on February 18, 2012, saying that his sexual orientation was the only factual statement from the allegations. <mask> stepped down as co-chair of Mitt Romney's presidential campaign in Arizona, but received the continued support of U.S.Senator John McCain, who called <mask> his friend. <mask> dropped his congressional bid on May 11, 2012; instead he sought re-election as sheriff. He was re-elected by a large margin on November 6, 2012. On August 31, 2012, the Arizona solicitor general exonerated <mask> after an investigation. In a written statement, he wrote "The investigation determined that Babeu did not commit any criminal violations and further concluded
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that, although Orozco conducted himself in a manner that may constitute a violation of the law, there was no reasonable likelihood of conviction on anything more than a misdemeanor charge. It would be an inappropriate use of already-limited resources to prosecute Orozco for a misdemeanor." 2016 congressional election
<mask> ran for Arizona's 1st congressional district in the 2016 elections.The district's incumbent representative, Democrat Ann Kirkpatrick, did not seek re-election as she instead ran for the U.S. Senate. On August 30, 2016, <mask> was declared the winner of the Republican primary. He faced Democrat Tom O'Halleran in the general election. O'Halleran defeated Babeu, receiving 51% of the vote to <mask>'s 44%. Departure from office
<mask>'s tenure as sheriff ended on January 1, 2017, after his term expired. Republican Mark Lamb succeeded Babeu as sheriff. References
External links
<mask> biography at Pinal County Sheriff's Office
<mask> for U.S. Congress
1969 births
20th-century American politicians
21st-century American politicians
American International College alumni
American LGBT military personnel
American anti–illegal immigration activists
American municipal police officers
American school administrators
Arizona National Guard personnel
Arizona Republicans
Arizona sheriffs
Candidates in the 1996 United States elections
Candidates in the 2012 United States elections
Candidates in the 2016 United States elections
County commissioners in Massachusetts
Gay military personnel
Gay politicians
Gay police officers
Heads of American boarding schools
LGBT people from Arizona
LGBT people from Massachusetts
LGBT politicians from the United States
Living people
Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts alumni
Massachusetts National Guard personnel
Massachusetts Republicans
Massachusetts city council members
National Guard of the United States officers
People from North Adams, Massachusetts
People from Pinal County, Arizona
United States Army personnel
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<mask> (born August 9, 1957) is an American comics artist who has worked on various series for Marvel Comics and DC Comics, including Cloak and Dagger, The Uncanny X-Men, The New Mutants, Spider-Man 2099, Nightwing, Batgirl, Green Lantern Versus Aliens and Superman. He has worked on feature film tie-in comics such as Star Wars: General Grievous and Superman Returns Prequel #3. Early life
<mask> was born August 9, 1957 in Philadelphia, and grew up in Haverhill, Massachusetts. <mask>'s interest in becoming an artist was inspired by the work of Joe Kubert, which he discovered in the second grade when he read Star Spangled War Stories #139 (July 1968). Leonardi commented in a 2017 interview, "Top of page 8 is still one of the best-designed panels I've ever seen." Leonardi graduated from Dartmouth College in 1979, and started drawing for Marvel Comics the following year. Career
<mask>'s first published comics artwork appeared in Thor #303 (Jan. 1981).He collaborated with writer Bill Mantlo on two limited series: The Vision and the Scarlet Witch (Nov. 1982–Feb. 1983) and Cloak and Dagger (Oct. 1983–Jan. 1984). <mask>'s works in the 1980s include various fill-in issues of The Uncanny X-Men and The New Mutants. He is credited, along with fellow illustrator Mike Zeck, of designing the black-and-white costume to which Spider-Man switched during the 1984 Secret Wars miniseries, and later wore for a time. According to writer Peter David, the costume began as a design by Zeck that Leonardi embellished. The plot that developed as a result of Spider-Man's acquisition of the costume led to the creation of the Spider-Man villain known as Venom although in a 2007 Comic Book
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Resources story, fan Randy Schueller claims to have devised a version of a black costume for Spider-Man in a story idea that he was paid for.Leonardi and writer Tom DeFalco created the Rose in The Amazing Spider-Man #253 (June 1984). For DC Comics, Leonardi was one of the artists on Batman #400 (Oct. 1986) and he drew the Batgirl story in Secret Origins vol. 2 #20 (Nov. 1987). Back at Marvel, Chris Claremont and Leonardi introduced the fictional country of Genosha in Uncanny X-Men #235 (Oct. 1988). From 1992 to 1994, <mask> was the regular penciler for the first 25 issues of Spider-Man 2099 with writer Peter David. Leonardi later launched the Fantastic Four 2099 series with Karl Kesel. Leonardi drew the 2000 intercompany crossover miniseries Green Lantern Versus Aliens.He drew one of the tie-in one-shots for the Sentry limited series in 2001. His subsequent series work includes Nightwing, on which he was the regular penciler for issues #71-84 from 2002 to 2003 and Batgirl, of which he drew issues #45–52 from 2003 to 2004. Subsequent miniseries he drew include Star Wars: General Grievous in 2005, and the 2006 movie tie-in, Superman Returns Prequel #3. He followed up that with other superhero titles such as Superman #665 and #668 (2007), JLA: Classified #43 (November 2007), Witchblade #112 (January 2008), and the 2008 miniseries DC Universe: Decisions. Leonardi drew the Vigilante series that debuted from DC in December 2008. Leonardi and inker Ande Parks are the illustrators on the 2019 Batman Beyond arc written by Dan Jurgens which debuted with issue #31 in April 2019. Although Leonardi had worked on Batman before, this assignment is his first time working on the
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<mask> also known as Tonto (born 21 September 1952) is a former Northern Irish loyalist who was the top bomb maker for the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) in the mid-1970s. In 1978, <mask> was convicted and given nine separate life sentences for murder and attempted murder. These included bombings which killed a ten-year-old boy and two teenagers in two attacks carried out in April 1977 as a part of a UVF bombing campaign against republicans. Following his release from prison in 1989 he left the organisation and in 1995 became a preacher having embraced Born-again Christianity while serving his sentence. Ulster Volunteer Force
<mask> was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland on 21 September 1952 and grew up in a Protestant family in Benview Park off the loyalist Ballysillan Road in North Belfast. His father worked as a park ranger at the Bone Hill playing fields. Employed as a fitter having left school to earn his apprenticeship in the trade, <mask> joined the loyalist paramilitary organisation, the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) in 1973 because, in his words, "the IRA were blowing up my city".He later told police that it had been "the right thing to do"; His role in the UVF Belfast Brigade was that of a bomb maker; his skills in that field ensured that by 1976 he was much in demand for operations that required the use of explosives. The UVF and the other loyalist paramilitary organisations lacked the expertise as regards bombmaking and therefore lagged considerably behind the IRA; nevertheless <mask> achieved a reputation within the ranks as the UVF's top bomb maker. He was better known by his nickname "Tonto" taken from the Lone Ranger's American Indian companion. Notable bombing attacks
In April 1977 he was recruited by members of the Shankill Butchers gang who beginning in late 1975 had carried out a series of cut-throat killings against Catholic civilians operating out of the Brown Bear pub on the Shankill Road. Although their leader Lenny Murphy was imprisoned by this time, the group continued to perpetrate killings acting under
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Murphy's instructions which he issued during prison visits by his close associates known as Messrs "A" and "B". The Butchers gang were part of the UVF Brown Bear platoon, however their murderous activities were not authorised by the UVF Brigade Staff (Belfast leadership). Departing from their usual modus operandi Messrs "A" and "B" wished to attack a large number of Republicans directly in their Falls Road stronghold by planting a bomb during the traditional Republican Easter Rising commemoration parade.For this they needed the sanction of the Brigade Staff who gave it only on the condition that the bomb would only take out members of the IRA. The Butchers also required the services of <mask> to assemble the bomb. Before his arrest and imprisonment, Murphy had refused to use <mask> preferring to act independent of the Brigade Staff. After a reconnaissance of the Falls Road area with Norman Waugh, Benjamin Edwards and two other Butchers' gang members specifically chosen to plant the device, <mask> decided that a security barrier composed of cement-filled beer kegs outside a bakery on Beechmount Avenue in the Lower Falls area would be the ideal spot for hiding the bomb. He constructed the five-pound bomb with sticks of gelignite inside a beer keg which was then transported by the gang to Beechmount Avenue at 3.00 am on Easter Sunday 10 April. The bomb was placed with the other beer kegs that made up the security barrier. The bomb primed by <mask> beforehand and planted by the Shankill Butchers exploded shortly the following afternoon at 2.47 pm just as the Official Sinn Féin Commemoration parade began.The explosion killed one boy, Kevin McMenamin (10) and injured five people, one of whom had a leg blown off. Ten days later another UVF bomb assembled by <mask> was planted to go off beside the funeral cortege of IRA man Trevor McKibbin in Etna Drive, Ardoyne. Two teenaged Catholic boys Sean Campbell (19) and Sean McBride (18) were killed in the no-warning explosion. They were both civilians. The blast was so powerful that its
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force left one of the victims decapitated. It later emerged that before the Troubles broke out in 1969, <mask> had played football with Campbell's older brothers at the Bone Hill playing fields. The following month the UVF again used <mask>'s expertise to make a bomb which detonated in Crumlin Road outside Mountainview petrol station.The attack was to punish the station's owner, who had defied a joint UVF and Ulster Defence Association (UDA) order to close during the 1977 Ulster Workers Strike. John Geddis, an off-duty Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR) Corporal was killed as he drove past. Imprisonment and release
<mask> was arrested and questioned by the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC); The investigation team was headed by CID detective Alan Simpson. <mask> admitted his guilt to a number of killings and at his trial held at Belfast Crown Court in September 1978, he received nine separate life sentences for murder and attempted murder. He did not however receive a recommended sentence as his lawyers had asked that each murder be presented before the court in individual hearings resulting in nine separate sentences. During his time in prison he studied with the Open University eventually obtaining a first class degree in maths. He remarked that, "The OU made learning enjoyable".He was released in 1989. In 1995 he became a preacher after having embraced Born-again Christianity whilst serving his sentence. In 2007, the sister of Sean Campbell expressed a wish to meet <mask>. Psychologist Geoffrey Beattie, who as a youth had been in a local gang with <mask>, was interviewed by radio and television personality Stephen Nolan for his 2011 televised documentary on the Shankill Butchers. Beattie suggested that <mask> had not been a particularly vicious person, adding that he had known young men who were far more vicious and "much harder" than <mask>. The documentary erroneously claimed <mask> was an integral part of the Shankill Butchers gang. References
Ulster Volunteer Force members
1952 births
Living people
Paramilitaries from
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<mask> (; born 14 January 1982) is a Spanish football coach and former professional player, who played as a goalkeeper. <mask> was considered fiercely competitive and demanding, demonstrating great mental strength and concentration to be alert during long spells of ball domination, and was superb at one-on-ones. He spent most of his professional career with Barcelona in La Liga, and is regarded as one of the best goalkeepers in the club's history, having appeared in 535 official games for the club and won 21 major titles, notably six La Liga titles and three UEFA Champions League championships. <mask> also won the Zamora Trophy a record five times. He currently holds the club records as goalkeeper with most appearances in the league and in official competition, breaking Andoni Zubizarreta's records during the 2011–12 season. After leaving Barcelona at the end of his contract in July 2014, he joined Manchester United in January 2015. He played rarely at United, and after a brief loan at Standard Liège, he moved on to Middlesbrough.After being released by Middlesbrough at the end of the 2016–17 season, Valdés retired from professional football. <mask> made his full international debut in 2010 and earned 20 international caps. He was part of the Spain squads which won the 2010 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 2012, and also finished second at the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup. Early career
Born in L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, <mask> started his career with FC Barcelona's youth team when he joined from Peña Cinco Copas on 1 July 1992. That September, he moved with his family to Tenerife and had to leave the club, but returned three years later. After returning, he made quick progress through the youth teams. Club career
Barcelona
Valdés made his first team debut against Legia Warszawa in the third qualifying round of the UEFA Champions League on 14 August 2002.The early part of the 2002–03 season saw <mask> play deputy to Argentine
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international Roberto Bonano, but the arrival of Radomir Antić as the new manager in January 2003 saw regular first-team opportunities for Valdés. In the 2003–04 season, he emerged as first-choice goalkeeper, and in the 2004–05 season, he played in almost all of Barcelona's matches, helping Barcelona to their first league title in six years. He also won the Zamora Trophy as the best goalkeeper in Spain that season. In the 2005–06 season, <mask> helped Barça to the continental double in Europe. He played a big part in Barça's 2005–06 UEFA Champions League winning campaign and in the final against Arsenal, he denied Thierry Henry twice from point-blank range to help his side win 2–1 at the Stade de France. His efforts saw him singled out for praise from Barcelona manager at that time Frank Rijkaard. The "Zamora" title, however, eluded him, as Valdés came third after Santiago Cañizares and the winner, José Manuel Pinto.On 17 June 2007, in the last match of La Liga, <mask> matched a goalkeeping record held by former Barcelona goalkeeper Andoni Zubizarreta by starting, and never being substituted, in all 38 matches of the La Liga season. <mask> set the Barcelona club record for not conceding a goal in European competition with a clean sheet against Rangers on 7 November 2007, which saw him re-write the Barça record books after not conceding a goal for 466 minutes. <mask> was beaten twice by Lyon captain Juninho through a 45-yard free kick and a late penalty kick at the Stade de Gerland, ending his streak. In the 2006–07 and 2007–08 seasons, however, Barça failed to win a major trophy. On 3 February 2008, <mask> captained Barcelona for the first time in a 1-0 league win at home against Osasuna. On 1 April 2008, <mask> made his 250th appearance for Barcelona. On 27 May 2009, Barcelona beat Manchester United 2–0 in the 2009 UEFA Champions League Final at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome to complete an unprecedented treble of La Liga, Champions League, and Copa
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del Rey.In the match, <mask> made two saves from attempts by Cristiano Ronaldo in both halves. In the first half, he saved a long-range free kick, and in the second half, he saved the other from Ronaldo, coming from a tight angle following a low cross from Bulgarian striker Dimitar Berbatov. On 16 May 2010, <mask> won his fourth league title as Barcelona clinched a second successive Spanish league title with Pep Guardiola's side, ending the season with 99 points. On 29 August 2011, <mask> played his 410th match with Barcelona and equaled Andoni Zubizarreta's record as Barcelona's goalkeeper with the most appearances. In 2012, <mask> made a goalkeeping error against Real Madrid in the Supercopa de España that culminated in Ángel Di María scoring a decisive goal and narrowing down Barcelona's two-goal advantage. Real Madrid went on to win the Super Cup in the second leg at the Santiago Bernabéu. On 1 May 2013, in a 3–0 Champions League semi-final loss to Bayern Munich at Camp Nou, <mask> made his 100th appearance in the competition, becoming the 17th player to do so.Later that month, <mask> announced that he would not renew his Barcelona contract, which was due to expire at the end of the 2013–14 season. He cited the pressure of representing the club and stated that he had declared his wish to leave early enough for the club to find a replacement. On 26 March 2014, in a 3–0 victory against Celta Vigo, <mask> tore his anterior cruciate ligament in the 22nd minute of the match and was substituted off, and was ruled out for the rest of the season, ending his Barcelona career and ruling him out of the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Manchester United
In January 2014, prior to the conclusion of his contract with Barcelona, <mask> signed a pre-contract agreement to join Ligue 1 side Monaco at the end of the season; however, <mask>' injury led to Monaco pulling out of the agreement. On 23 October 2014, Manchester United offered <mask> the chance to complete his
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rehabilitation from a knee injury and to work his way back to fitness with the club. He was offered a contract in January 2015, and on 8 January signed an 18-month deal, with the option of a further year, as backup for compatriot David de Gea. As part of a compensation package for reneging on their deal with Valdés, Monaco agreed to pay the difference between the £150,000 weekly wage he stood to earn with them and the lower salary offered by Manchester United.<mask> played his first match since his knee injury on 26 January, featuring for United's Under-21 team in a 2–1 home win over Liverpool. Before the game, he gave a team talk based on the teachings of his former manager Guardiola. He made his first-team debut on 17 May against Arsenal at Old Trafford, replacing the injured De Gea for the final 16 minutes and conceding an own goal by Tyler Blackett for a 1–1 draw. A week later he made his first start for the team in their last game of the season away to Hull City, keeping a clean sheet in a goalless draw which relegated the opponents. On 15 July 2015, Manchester United manager Louis van Gaal announced that <mask> had been placed on the transfer list after it was claimed he had refused to play in a reserve game. The following month, he was not given a squad number for the upcoming season. A transfer to Turkey's Beşiktaş fell through as personal terms could not be agreed.Despite subsequently being named in Manchester United's Premier League squad, reports confirmed Valdés was only named to conform to Premier League rules and not being offered a way back. Standard Liège
On 23 January 2016, Manchester United announced that <mask> would be moving to Belgian club Standard Liège on a six-month loan deal. He made his debut a week later in a 2–0 win at OH Leuven in the Belgian Pro League. On 20 March, <mask> won the 2016 Belgian Cup Final, beating Club Brugge 2–1. His loan spell was cut short on 29 April after the club decided to allow more youth
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players the opportunity to play in games at the end of the season. Middlesbrough
On 7 July 2016, <mask> signed a two-year deal on a free transfer at Premier League newcomers Middlesbrough, managed by compatriot Aitor Karanka. On 13 August 2016, <mask> made his debut in a 1–1 draw against Stoke City.On 22 October 2016, <mask> kept his first clean sheet of the season in a 0–0 draw against Arsenal. The club entered the relegation zone in March 2017 after a 2–0 loss to Stoke City, with Karanka sacked later that month. <mask>, as well as fellow goalkeeper Brad Guzan, left the club on 1 July 2017. Although he had offers from several clubs in Spain to prolong his career, <mask> retired from professional football in August 2017; after remaining without a club for the first half of the 2017–18 season, he later confirmed his official retirement in January 2018.
International career
On 16 August 2005, <mask> was called up for a friendly game against Uruguay, but did not take the field. After being overlooked by various coaches of the Spanish national side for several years, on 20 May 2010, he was included by Vicente del Bosque in Spain's final 23-man squad for the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa as the second-choice goalkeeper behind captain Iker Casillas wearing the number 12 shirt. On 3 June 2010, <mask> earned his first cap, starting in a friendly match between Spain and South Korea at Tivoli-Neu in Innsbruck, Austria. <mask> was part of the Spanish squads that won the 2010 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 2012, despite not playing in either tournament.He was also in the Spanish squad which reached the final of the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup in Brazil. His sole appearance in a major tournament came in their last group game, keeping a clean sheet in a 3–0 win over Nigeria at the Estádio Castelão in Fortaleza. Style of play
In his prime, <mask> was considered to be a successful and generally high quality goalkeeper, albeit somewhat inconsistent, and is
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regarded as one of Barcelona's best ever goalkeepers. An authoritative presence in the area, with good reflexes, handling, positioning, and shot-stopping abilities, he was known for his agility and composure in goal, as well as his ability to produce decisive saves, in particular after not being tested for long stretches of time; however, he was also prone to errors on occasion, in particular in his early career. In addition to his goalkeeping abilities, he was known in particular for his vision, footwork, distribution, control and skill with the ball at his feet, which enabled him to play the ball out on the ground or launch an attack from the back; throughout his career, he also stood out for his intelligence, ability to read the game, and his speed and bravery when coming off his line to claim the ball on the ground in one on one situations, and also excelled at anticipating opponents outside his area who had beaten the offside trap, and often functioned as a sweeper-keeper. Coaching career
On 1 June 2018, <mask> returned to football as a manager by acquiring his UEFA Pro Licence alongside compatriots such as Xavi, Raúl and Xabi Alonso. <mask> started coaching amateur side ED Moratalaz's youth ranks, where he achieved two regional titles.On 19 July 2019, <mask> returned to Barcelona to coach its Juvenil A side. His return, however, was short-lived, as he was sacked on 7 October due to a private scandal with La Masia director Patrick Kluivert. Despite dismissal, <mask> returned to the touchline in May 2020, when he was appointed the manager of UA Horta. He left in January 2021 in order to 'focus on Joan Laporta's presidential project' as reported by El Mundo Deportivo. Laporta's idea is to make Valdes part of the new board if he wins the presidential election in March 2021. Personal life
<mask> was born to José Manuel <mask> and Águeda Arribas and has two brothers, Ricardo and Álvaro. He married his long-time partner, Colombian model Yolanda
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<mask> (born 4 November 1982, Zhodino, Belarus) is a singer born in Belarus and popular in Ukraine, author and performer. The finalist of "Ukraine's Got Talent 4" show in 2013 and super-finalist of "X-factor (Ukraine) 3" show at the beginning of 2013
Biography
Childhood and youth
<mask> was born on 4 November 1982 in Zhodino, Belarusian town in the family of shoe maker <mask> and photographer <mask>. After the early death of his father, his sister Elena was taking care of him. Since he was 7 years old, <mask> studied at school with in-depth study of music and choreography. At the age of 10 he entered the art school and later finished it with honor. At the same time <mask> practiced martial arts (judo and sambo) and became the Candidate for Master of Sport in sambo. After the ninth school grade he entered the college of Art and Restoration, but didn't graduate it and started his activity as private entrepreneur instead.A shop tent with glasses and gloves became his first business experience. After he had earned a certain sum of money, <mask> first established an open air disco club "The Cage", and then organized a night club "Extra", a restaurant "Paradise" and opened a small cafe "At Zheka's"
Start of music career
While selling glasses and gloves on the market, <mask> also found a half-time job as an audio engineer in local Palace of culture "Rovesnik", where he provided musical accompaniment of rehearsals in the studio of modern song "Silver trill" managed by a voice teacher Nelli Ambartsumian. As <mask> had a talent for singing he was suggested to study singing more professionally. In 2007 <mask> took part in the local festival "Zhodino Spring" and received his first Grand Prix as a winner in category of performers of 16 to 25 years old, and also a color TV set "Gorizont" as a prize. In 2009 he became a finalist of the "New voices of Belarus" competition while taking part in a casting of vocalists to
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