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.236/.300/.400 with 2 home runs and 9 RBI in 21 games before he was designated for assignment on July 3. He was released by the Indians on July 8.Washington Nationals
On July 16, 2021, <mask> signed a major league contract with the Washington Nationals. He made his Nationals debut at starting catcher the same evening in a game against the San Diego Padres. In 4 games for the Nationals, <mask> hit .214 with 0 home runs and 0 RBI's. On August 14, <mask> was released by the Nationals. Accomplishments
2004 California League Mid-Season All-Star team
2002 Northwest League Post-season All-Star team
MVP of the 2001 Excellence Tournament held in Puerto Rico
Personal life
<mask> is married to Mariel Perez, daughter of Eddie 'La Bala' Pérez, a founding member of El Gran Combo de Puerto Rico. She gave birth to twins in September, 2013. References
External links
1983 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Bayamón, Puerto Rico
Major League Baseball players from Puerto Rico
Major League Baseball catchers
Seattle Mariners players
Minnesota Twins players
San Diego Padres players
Tampa Bay Rays players
New York Mets players
Chicago Cubs players
Los Angeles Angels players
Atlanta Braves players
Cleveland Indians players
Washington Nationals players
Arizona League Mariners players
Everett AquaSox players
Wisconsin Timber Rattlers players
Inland Empire 66ers of San Bernardino players
Tacoma Rainiers players
San Antonio Missions players
West Tennessee Diamond Jaxx players
Jacksonville Suns players
Las Vegas 51s players
Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players
Scranton/Wilkes-Barre Yankees
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<mask> (15 May 1924 – 16 April 2020) was a British textile designer of Trinidadian origin who has been called the first British designer of African descent to earn an international reputation. Born in Trinidad, McNish moved to Britain in the 1950s. She was associated with the Caribbean Artists Movement (CAM) in the 1960s, participating in CAM's exhibitions and seminars and helping to promote Caribbean arts to a British public. Her work is represented in the collections of the Victoria and Albert Museum, the Whitworth Museum, the Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Museum of Domestic Design and Architecture and the Cooper-Hewitt (Smithsonian Design Museum), among other places. McNish was a Fellow of the Chartered Society of Designers. She was married to the jewellery designer John Weiss (21 June 1933 – 9 November 2018). Following McNish’s death in 2020, The McNish Trust assumed copyright proprietorship of her work.Background
<mask> <mask> was born in Port of Spain, Trinidad, around 1933. Her father, the writer Joseph Claude <mask>, was descended from the Merikin settlers in Trinidad. She painted as a child, helped with her mother's dressmaking business by doing sketches, was a junior member of the Trinidad Arts Society and had her first exhibition at the age of 16. Her influences included local artists Sybil Atteck, Amy Leong Pang and Boscoe Holder, and European modernists such as Vincent van Gogh. In 1951 McNish moved with her mother to London, England, to join her father there. She already had a place to study at the Architectural Association School of Architecture in Bedford Square but
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instead took courses at the London School of Printing and Graphic Arts, the Central School of Arts and Crafts and the Royal College of Art. In her final year at the London School of Printing and Graphic Arts, she became interested in textiles with the encouragement of Eduardo Paolozzi, and chose printed textiles as her subject of study on progressing to the Royal College of Art, where her talent was recognised by Hugh Casson.On graduating, she immediately won a commission from Arthur Stewart-Liberty, head of the Liberty department store, sending her the same day by taxi to Zika Ascher, who commissioned her to design a collection for Dior. Successfully designing for such prestigious clients, <mask> was the first Caribbean woman to achieve prominence in this field. In 1966, McNish designed fabrics for the official wardrobe of Elizabeth II's during the Queen's visit to Trinidad. She took part in the art exhibitions of the Caribbean Artists Movement (CAM) held in 1967, May 1968 and January 1971, exhibiting textiles as well as "plastic panels in laminate". For the Caribbean edition of the BBC TV magazine programme Full House, produced by John La Rose and transmitted on 3 February 1973, she brought together the work of CAM visual artists as a studio setting for CAM writers, musicians and film-makers. More recently, her work — represented by three printed textiles from early in her career: Golden Harvest, Pomegranate and Fresco — was featured in the exhibition RCA Black: Past, Present & Future (31 August–6 September 2011), organised by the Royal College of Art in collaboration with the African
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and African-Caribbean Design Diaspora (AACDD) to celebrate art and design by African and African-Caribbean graduates. In 1969 she married John Weiss, architect, jeweller and historian, and worked in partnership with him from 1971.They were in conversation with John La Rose on 2 February 1999 as part of the "Life Experience With Britain" series held at New Beacon Books (other participants included Dennis Bovell, Gus John, Rev. Wilfred Wood, Aggrey Burke, Yvonne Brewster, and Alexis Rennie). At the time of Weiss's death in 2018, Jake Leith, former president of the Chartered Society of Designers, said: "John and <mask> were great ambassadors for the UK Fashion and Textile Design Sector." Notable designs
Most of McNish's designs are based on nature though some use abstract themes, occasionally geometric. One of her first designs to go into production, Golden Harvest in 1957, was a screen print on cotton satin, later manufactured by Hull Traders (for whom she also created eight other patterns), the design being based on an Essex wheatfield but using tropical colours. A number of her early designs including Tropic, a dress fabric printed on silk and produced by Zika Ascher in 1959, and Gilia, a cotton furnishing fabric featuring tropical foliage in green and gold, produced by Hull Traders in 1961, are in the textile collection at the Victoria & Albert Museum. Also in 1959, for a commission by the Design Research Unit for the new SS Oriana, which was launched in November 1959 and was the last of the Orient Steam Navigation Company's ocean liners, she produced murals for two restaurants,
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Rayflower and Pineapples and pomegranates, laminated into Warerite plastic panels, a line later pursued by Perstorp Group.The 1960 modernisation of the interior of the Port of Spain General Hospital, Trinidad, by the architects Devereux and Davies, included murals by McNish. In 1997, reviewing the exhibition Transforming the Crown: African, Asian and Caribbean Artists in Britain, 1966–1996, in which McNish participated at the Studio Museum in Harlem, New York, with other CAM artists, The New York Times reported that she "produces abstract, geometric fabric designs inspired by African motifs". In 2018 McNish was named in Architectural Digest as one of "Five Female Designers Who Changed History" (alongside Maija Isola, Norma Merrick Sklarek, Muriel Cooper, and Denise Scott Brown). McNish featured in the 2018 BBC Four documentary film Whoever Heard of a Black Artist? Britain's Hidden Art History, in which Brenda Emmanus followed Sonia Boyce and a team she led in preparing an exhibition at Manchester Art Gallery, focusing on artists of African and Asian descent who have played a part in shaping the history of British art. Selected exhibitions
Solo exhibitions
2003: <mask> <mask>: My World of Colour: the international work and inspirations of a Black British Trinidadian textile designer. Ohio University, Athens, USA.1997: <mask> <mask>. Hockney Gallery, Royal College of Art, London. 1982: <mask> <mask>. People's Gallery, London. 1958: <mask> <mask>. Woodstock Gallery, London. Group exhibitions
2019: Get Up, Stand Up Now.Somerset House, London. 2011: RCA Black. Royal College of Art, London.
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High Commission, London
2006: Honorary Doctor of Fine Art, University of Trinidad and Tobago
2008: Journalist Angela Cobbinah described her as "immediately influential, helping to establish new furnishing trends as well as inspire more adventurous fashion designers further down the line like Zandra Rhodes."2012: Jubilee Gala Award for Achievement in the Arts at the UK High Commission of Trinidad and Tobago, celebrating the 50th anniversary of independence. References
Further reading
Roxy Harris and Sarah White (eds), Building Britannia: Life Experience With Britain: Dennis Bovell, Athea <mask>, Gus John, Rev. Wilfred Wood, Aggrey Burke, Yvonne Brewster, Alexis Rennie, New Beacon Books, 2009, . Christine Checinska (2009), "<mask> <mask> and the British-African Diaspora", Chapter 3 in Anne Massey, Alex Seago (eds), Pop Art and Design, Bloomsbury Publishing, pp. 73–81. Christine Checinska (March 2018), "Christine Checinska in Conversation with <mask> <mask> and John Weiss", Textile, Volume 16, Issue 2: Aesthetics of Blackness? Cloth, Culture and the African Diasporas, 16:2, 186–199.DOI: 10.1080/14759756.2018.1432183. External links
"<mask> Marjorie McNISH" at Debrett's People of Today. "Dr. <mask> <mask> in conversation with John Weiss". Stuart Hall Library, InIVA, 2015. "Audio recordings of <mask> <mask> in conversation with John Weiss", InIVA, 5 May 2015. "Designer Desire: <mask> <mask>", H is for Home Harbinger, 18 August 2018. Angela Cobbinah, "Althea: the original material girl", Camden New Journal, 20 June 2019.Libby Sellers, "<mask> McNish", Maharam. 1924 births
2020
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<mask> (c. 16 May 1784 – December 1817) was a British convict, a sealer, a trader in human heads, an Otago settler, and New Zealand’s first art dealer. <mask> is the man who stole a preserved Māori head and started the retail trade in them. A document discovered in 2003 revealed his activities had no bearing on the war in the south and shows he was the first New Zealand art dealer, initially trading in human heads and secondarily in pounamu a variety of Nephrite jade. Background and childhood offence
He was baptised on 16 May 1784 at Portsea, Portsmouth, England, the son of Timothy and <mask>, people of humble rank. In 1798 <mask> and Thomas Butler shoplifted goods worth more than five shillings from a ‘Taylor’ <mask> or Wildey, and were convicted and sentenced to death. They were then reprieved and sentenced to seven years’ transportation to New South Wales. They left Portsmouth on on 20 December 1798.The voyage was one of the worst in the history of transportation. ‘Jail Fever’ (typhus) raged through the ship, which lost 95 convicts before arriving at Sydney on 26 July 1799. It is not known where <mask> was assigned. Year of escape, flight and recapture
In January 1803, he and Anthony Rawson stowed away on Atlas, visiting China before reaching Deal in England on 13 December 1803. The stowaways were captured and sent under escort to Portsmouth to return to New South Wales on Experiment — many other returnees were hanged. They arrived back in Sydney on 24 June 1804. Emigration to New Zealand
In March 1805, shortly after his term expired, <mask> was advertised as shipping out on Governor King for the coast of New Zealand.She was
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one of the ships of Lord, Kable and Underwood, a group formed by Simeon Lord, Henry Kable, and James Underwood to exploit the sealing grounds at the Antipodes Islands to the south and east of New Zealand's South Island. She probably landed men at Dusky Sound on the South Island's south west coast. <mask> was probably later at the Antipodes Islands. There were virtually no Europeans living ashore in New Zealand and Māori still lived much as they had for centuries. Maori society was tribal and based on the maintenance of honour, war being recurrent and often fought to get revenge, or 'utu', for an insult. The Māori had developed tattooing and moko to a greater extent than any other society and high born males wore full facial adornment unique to the individual. Some Māori preserved the heads of enemies and loved ones.These relics had interested the first European visitors, as had their carved jade ornaments. <mask> may have left Sydney for England in 1807 in Sydney Cove whose command was taken over by Daniel Cooper en route. If so, he would have returned to New South Wales either in her, or Unity, Cooper's next command. In April 1809, he was advertised to leave Sydney in the Pegasus. Instead, he left on Brothers, a ship chartered by Robert Campbell and probably intended for the Solander Islands in Foveaux Strait, between New Zealand's South Island and Stewart Island. In early November, he was one of eleven men landed at the ‘Isle of Wight’ and ‘Ragged Rock’ on what is now the Dunedin coast on the South Island's southeast coast. When Captain Mason returned to Port Daniel, now called Otago Harbour, on 3 May 1810, he found only
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<mask> and Daniel Wilson.<mask> was sent to look for the missing men first on the Isle of Wight and then to ‘Ragged Point’, apparently the headland on Stewart Island at the western entrance to Foveaux Strait. It was probably then he stole a preserved Māori head, whose owners, discovering the loss, pursued the departing sealers. When they failed to find the missing men, <mask> rejoined Brothers at Otago Harbour and returned with her to Sydney on 14 July 1810. Later that year, at Otago Harbour, a Māori chief's theft of a red shirt and knife from a man who disembarked from Sydney Cove started a rolling feud which soon took the lives of some of Brothers’ missing men and soured Māori/Pākehā relations in the south. It was called The Sealers' War, also 'The War of the Shirt’, and continued until 1823. Start of trade with Australia
<mask> left Sydney again on Aurora, on 19 September 1810 for the newly discovered Macquarie Island far to the south of New Zealand. At Campbell Island in early November, the location of Macquarie was obtained by bribing one of Campbell and Co's men.Aurora landed a gang at Macquarie that would have included <mask>. She left, returned, and brought her gang back to Sydney on 19 May 1811. It was presumably shortly after this that <mask> offered the Māori head for sale, inaugurating their retail trade and earning him the condemnation of ‘Candor’ in the Sydney Gazette, which called him ‘a wild fellow’ and a 'villain'. He then spent time ashore, where, by August 1812, he was a labourer living with old shipmates in poor lodgings in Phillips Street. On 21 August he and <mask> stole a woman's fancy silk cloak, for
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which they were convicted in November, sentenced to a year's hard labour, and sent to Newcastle. By October–November 1814, he had left New South Wales, perhaps for Tasmania. In 1815, he returned to Otago, perhaps in Governor Bligh, and took up residence at Whareakeake, later called Murdering Beach, a little to the north of Otago Heads.There he built a house and lived for a time with a Māori woman, keeping goats and sheep. There were no children. The site has long been known for its large quantities of worked greenstone, called pounamu in Māori, a variety of Nephrite jade. This took the form of adzes worked with iron tools into pendants, or hei-tiki. Archaeologists have identified these as being produced for a European export trade. An 1819 editorial in the Sydney Gazette described the trade, saying it was carried on by ‘groupes of sealers’. It seems clear this was part of <mask>'s enterprise.Māori called him ‘Taka’ adapting his surname, also ‘Wioree’, perhaps from the diminutive of his first name ‘Willy’. More formally and inaccurately, he was also styled ‘<mask>’. Final voyage
He left, went to Hobart and returned on Sophia with Captain James Kelly, bringing other European settlers, according to Māori sources. The Sophia anchored in Otago Harbour on 11 December 1817. ‘Taka’ was welcomed by Māori of the harbourside settlement, but unknown to the visitors, the chief Korako, father of Te Matenga Taiaroa, refused to ferry across Māori from the north, Whareakeake, who had come to see <mask> and receive presents. When Kelly, <mask>, and five others took a longboat to Whareakeake a few days later, they were at first welcomed. But
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while <mask> was absent in his house, the Māori attacked the others.Veto Viole and John Griffiths were killed, but Kelly escaped back to the longboat, as did <mask>. He lingered in the surf, calling on Māori not to hurt Wioree, but was speared and knocked down. He called ‘Captain Kelly for God’s sake don’t leave me,’ before being killed. Kelly saw him ‘cut limb from limb and carried away by the savages!’ <mask>'s killer was Riri, acting on chief Te Matahaere's orders. Taiaroa allegedly killed the others. All the dead were eaten. A Māori source gave the immediate cause as dissatisfaction at not having the first opportunity to receive <mask>'s gifts, but it was also said it was an unhappy consequence of the theft of the shirt in 1810 and its owner's savage reaction.This dramatic death was reported in Australian newspapers. Epilogue
Returning to his ship in the harbour, Kelly took revenge, by his account killing some Māori, destroying canoes, and firing ‘the beautiful City of Otago’, a harbourside settlement, probably on Te Rauone beach near modern Otakou. <mask> has been remembered for stealing the head and inaugurating the controversial trade. It was banned in New South Wales in 1831, but continued anyway. Ten were sold by a single Māori vendor later in the 1830s, apparently at Otago. The theft inspired Shena Mackay's 1993 novel Dunedin reflecting his role as a minor legend. However, the Creed manuscript, written by the Reverend Charles Creed in the 1840s recording the information of two Maori informants and discovered in 2003, shows <mask> in a new light.His theft was not responsible for the war in the south; he was generally
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<mask> (born August 27, 1961), known as <mask>, is an American country music singer and songwriter. Along with recording his own material, <mask> has become a prolific Nashville songwriter, having co-written more than 60 hit songs for such artists as Montgomery Gentry, Tim McGraw, Faith Hill, LeAnn Rimes, Rascal Flatts, Billy Ray Cyrus, and others. Between 1990 and 1996, <mask> was the lead singer and bass guitarist in the country music band Boy Howdy, which recorded two albums and an EP on Curb Records, in addition to charting seven singles on the Billboard country music charts. After Boy Howdy disbanded, <mask> embarked on a solo career, recording seven studio albums (one of which was not released). He also charted four singles as a solo artist, with the highest-peaking ("Somethin' in the Water") reaching No. 33 on the country charts in 2001. Biography
<mask> was born in Burbank, California to a musical family.His mother was a singer, and his father had aspirations to become a country music songwriter. He first gained his own interest in music at age eight, when he sang Three Dog Night's "Joy to the World" at a church function. This rendition earned him a standing ovation, so he sang the song an additional seven times. Later, he shifted his focus to songwriting. By age 17, he was performing with local groups, and playing keyboards at various gigs on the Sunset Strip in Los Angeles. In 1987, after the death of his father, LeVasseur changed his last name to <mask> as a tribute to his father, who processed steel for a living. Boy Howdy
In 1990, <mask> and three other California musicians – Hugh Wright, along with brothers Cary and Larry Park – formed the band Boy Howdy, in which he served as lead vocalist and bass guitarist.<mask> wrote a song, 'When Johnny Comes Marching Home' about the returning veterans from the Gulf war, Curb signed
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Boy Howdy but made them change their group name to 'New Frontier' they went to appear on 'Nashville Now' hosted by Ralph Emery who liked the band name Boy Howdy this helped convince Curb records to let them keep the Boy Howdy name. The war ended so soon that the single was never released. Boy Howdy signed to Curb Records in 1992, recording three albums and an EP for the label, in addition to charting seven singles on the country music charts. While in Boy Howdy, <mask> was named Best Bassist and Best Male Vocalist by the California Country Music Association. As the band's primary songwriter, he also earned BMI awards for co-writing their highest-charting singles, "She'd Give Anything" and "They Don't Make 'Em Like That Anymore". Solo career and success as songwriter
<mask> re-located to Nashville, Tennessee in 1994, two years before Boy Howdy disbanded. In 1996, he released three solo singles, as well as a self-titled solo album which was never shipped.<mask> was eventually signed to a songwriting contract, however, and he began writing singles for other artists. Among his first hits as a songwriter were "If You Love Somebody" by Kevin Sharp, "Unbelievable" by Diamond Rio, and "Big Deal" by LeAnn Rimes, all three of which earned him additional BMI awards. He also sang backing vocals on Sharp's first two albums. In 2001, <mask> was signed to his second solo recording contract, this time with Monument Records. His solo debut album, Somethin' in the Water, was issued late that year. In addition to producing the album, <mask> wrote or co-wrote every song on it. The album's title cut reached a peak of No.33 on the Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart, becoming <mask>'s only Top 40 hit as a solo artist. Meanwhile, he continued to write songs for other artists, with Faith Hill, Tim McGraw, Trace Adkins, and Montgomery Gentry all recording songs
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he had co-written. <mask> earned his first Number One song with Tim McGraw's "The Cowboy in Me" in 2002. In addition, Rascal Flatts reached Number One on the country charts in late 2002 with "These Days", their first Number One single. <mask> also continued to record studio albums even while writing hits for other artists; his albums Gold, Platinum, Chrome and Steele and You Gotta Start Somewhere were both released in 2003, the same year that he was named Songwriter of the Year by both BMI and the Nashville Songwriters Association International (NSAI). 2004 saw the release of his fourth studio album, Outlaw, on the Lofton Creek Records label. By 2005, more than sixty of his songs had become chart hits for other artists; that same year, he received a second Songwriter of the Year award from the NSAI.His most successful single as a songwriter is "What Hurts the Most", co-written with English songwriter Steve Robson. The song was a Number One single on both the Hot Country Songs and Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks charts for Rascal Flatts in 2006, and was also a chart single for Cascada in 2007. Another one of <mask>'s compositions, Steve Holy's Number One single "Brand New Girlfriend", earned him yet another BMI award in 2006, as well as the Rascal Flatts hit "My Wish" just as <mask> released his album, Hell on Wheels. "What Hurts the Most" would later earn him the Songwriter of the Year and Song of the Year awards from BMI, as well as the Songwriter of the Year award from MusicRow magazine. <mask> has since released two other albums, his second greatest hits record "Gold, Platinum, No Chrome, and More Steele" was released in 2007 and his country classics tribute album "Countrypolitan" which was released in 2008. <mask> also produced Keith Anderson's two studio albums: 2005's Three Chord Country and American Rock & Roll and 2008's C'mon!, as
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well as Montgomery Gentry's 2004 album You Do Your Thing and 2006 album Some People Change In 2016 "Chasing Down a Good Time" <mask> co-wrote with Anthony Smith by Randy Houser. In April 2008, <mask> joined Jewel and John Rich of Big & Rich as judges on the talent show Nashville Star.<mask> has also guest hosted for Bob Kingsley twice on the radio show Bob Kingsley's Country Top 40, a weekly radio countdown show based on the Mediabase country charts: for the weeks of September 13–14, 2008 and October 3–4, 2009. In September 2008, The Country Music Hall of Fame honored <mask> as a Poet & Prophet in the Hall of Fame's quarterly series. In 1996, he was nominated for Best Country Instrumental Performance at the Grammy Awards. In 2006, he was nominated for Best Country Song at the Grammy Awards. In 2014, he was nominated for Best Country Song at the Grammy Awards. <mask> signed a deal with Best Buy to release 3 of his albums November 18, 2008: "Hell On Wheels", "Gold, Platinum, No Chrome, and More Steele: Greatest Hits Vol. II", and "Countrypolitan"
<mask> also co-wrote the song "I Thought I Lost You" with Miley Cyrus for the 2008 Disney animated film Bolt, which Cyrus sings as a duet with John Travolta.Discography
Albums
Singles
Notes
A^ "My Greatest Love" peaked at number 90 on the RPM Country Tracks chart in Canada. Music videos
Songs written by <mask>
References
External links
Official site
Radio Interview with <mask>
1961 births
American country bass guitarists
American country singer-songwriters
Living people
Musicians from Burbank, California
Monument Records artists
Lofton Creek Records artists
Singer-songwriters from California
Guitarists from California
American male bass guitarists
20th-century American bass guitarists
Country musicians from California
20th-century American male musicians
American male
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<mask> (born 22 March 1942, Vienna) is an Austrian musicologist, pianist and conductor. Biography
From 1966 to 1974, Kubik worked as a repetiteur, coach, and Kapellmeister at the Deutsche Oper am Rhein in Düsseldorf and Duisburg. From 1974 to 1980, Kubik did research for a PhD on Handel's Rinaldo at Erlangen. He has also been a pianist, composer, choir director and lecturer. <mask> was editor-in-chief of Hänssler Verlag and has worked at Universal Edition Wien. He taught at the University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna, in Nuremberg, Karlsruhe, London, and at Yale University. Kubik is married to the Baroque scholar, singer and dance pedagogue Margit Legler.Legler and <mask> have jointly written about and presented productions related to Baroque music, dance, and theatre. IGMG tenure
From 1993 to 2012, <mask> was editor-in-chief of the Critical Complete Edition of the Works of Gustav Mahler and vice president of the Internationale Gustav Mahler Gesellschaft (IGMG; International Gustav Mahler Society). Several controversial episodes ensued over editions of Mahler's Symphony No. 1 and Symphony No. 6 issued during his tenure. Symphony No. 1
In the IGMG edition of the Symphony No.1 edited by Sander Wilkens (1992, revised 1995), Wilkens had stated that the 3rd-movement double bass solo was instead meant for the full unison double bass section of the orchestra to perform, rather than by a solo double bass player, in contraindication to past published manuscripts and performance traditions. This statement occasioned criticism for Wilkens' inaccurate reading of the manuscripts, to the point where <mask> later repudiated Wilkens' misreading of the double bass solo:
"However, assigning the new edition of the First Symphony to Sander Wilkens
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unfortunately proved to be a mistake. His confused arguments in support of the claim that the famous double bass solo at the beginning of the third movement was a solo for the whole group rather than for a single player contradicted the sources and surviving reports of performances under Mahler’s direction, and exposed the Critical Edition to ridicule from all Mahler researchers"
Symphony No. 6
With respect to the Symphony No. 6, Kubik presided over the 2010 edition published by the IGMG, which featured the inner movements in the order Andante-Scherzo. Kubik had earlier declared in print in 2004:
"As the current Chief Editor of the Complete Critical Edition, I declare the official position of the institution I represent is that the correct order of the middle movements of Mahler's Sixth Symphony is Andante-Scherzo." This statement has received criticism for multiple reasons, which include:
(a) its blanket dismissal of the original score with the Scherzo/Andante order,
(b) its expression of a personal preference without documentary evidence and based on subjective animus related to the Alma Problem,
(c) for imposing an advance bias instead of presenting objectively, without preconceived bias, the two options of Scherzo/Andante and Andante/Scherzo.Mahler scholar and biographer Henry-Louis de la Grange has written about <mask>'s judgment:
"The fact that the initial order had the composer's stamp of approval for two whole years prior to the premiere argues for further performances in that form... It is far more likely ten years after Mahler's death and with a much clearer perspective on his life and career, Alma would have sought to be faithful to his artistic intentions. Thus, her telegram of 1919 still remains a strong argument today in
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that the composer left open to posterity." Hurwitz also notes <mask>'s dismissal of the existence of the original version in the pronouncement:
"...scholars rightly often give particular weight to a composer’s original conception, especially if it can be shown that later alterations resulted from extraneous or non‐musical considerations and circumstances. This is arguably the case here. It explains why <mask>’s preface contains repeated, and to be frank strikingly defensive, assertions concerning the definitiveness of Mahler’s intentions in placing the Andante second. 'Mahler never played the symphony any other way,' they remind us, over and over, as if the sheer weight of irrelevant historical detail that they have accumulated concerning the three performances that Mahler actually conducted will enhance its value and make us forget the simple truth regarding the work's actual performance history. Accordingly, not a word of the rhetorical smokescreen that Kubik works so hard to erect makes the slightest impact on the fact that there are very strong reasons for preferring Mahler's original movement order on purely formal grounds. Accordingly, it pays to consider the issue from this perspective as well, even if <mask> and his team will not because it's an argument they cannot win (and they probably know it)."Publications
Helmut Brenner, <mask> <mask>: Mahlers Menschen. Freunde und Weggefährten. Residenz-Verlag, St. Pölten/Salzburg/Wien 2014, . Händels Rinaldo. Geschichte, Werk, Wirkung. Hänssler, Neuhausen-Stuttgart 1982, . References
External links
<mask> <mask> beim Residenz Verlag
Bach Cantatas biography page on <mask> <mask>
1942 births
Living people
Musicians from Vienna
Austrian musicologists
20th-century
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<mask> (born 16 August 1975), known professionally as <mask> , is a New Zealand filmmaker, actor, and comedian. He is a recipient of an Academy Award, a BAFTA Award, and a Grammy Award, and has received two nominations at the Primetime Emmy Awards. His feature films Boy (2010) and Hunt for the Wilderpeople (2016) have each been the top-grossing New Zealand film. <mask>'s 2003 short film Two Cars, One Night earned him an Academy Award nomination for Best Live Action Short Film. He co-wrote, co-directed and starred in the horror comedy film What We Do in the Shadows (2014) with Jemaine Clement, which was adapted into a television series of the same name (2019–present). The series has been nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series. His most recent directing credits include the superhero film Thor: Ragnarok (2017) and the black comedy film Jojo Rabbit (2019), the latter of which he also wrote and starred in as an imaginary version of Adolf Hitler.Jojo Rabbit received six Academy Award nominations and won for Best Adapted Screenplay. Waititi also earned a Grammy Award for producing the film's soundtrack. In addition to directing an episode of the television series The Mandalorian (2019–present), he also voices the character IG-11, for which he was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Character Voice-Over Performance. Early life
<mask> David Cohen was born on 16 August 1975 in Raukokore in the Bay of Plenty region of New Zealand's North Island, and grew up in both the East Coast and the Aro Valley of Wellington. His father was an artist of Te Whānau-ā-Apanui descent, whilst his mother, Robin Cohen, is a schoolteacher. Waititi stated that his mother's family were Russian Jews "mixed with a bit of Irish" and other European ancestry, while his father's side was "Māori and a little bit of French Canadian". Waititi describes
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himself as a "Polynesian Jew", although he has stated that he never grew up in an "actively practising Jewish household".Waititi's parents split up when he was around five, and he was raised primarily by his mother. He attended Onslow College, then studied theatre at Victoria University of Wellington where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1997. He originally used his mother's surname, Cohen, for his work in film and writing, and his father's, Waititi, for visual arts endeavours. Following the success of his first short film, he continued to use Waititi professionally. Career
Early career
While a student at Victoria University, Waititi was part of the five-member ensemble So You're a Man, which toured New Zealand and Australia with some success. He was half of the comedy duo The Humourbeasts alongside Jemaine Clement, which received New Zealand's highest comedy accolade, the Billy T Award, in 1999. Among a variety of artistic interests, Waititi began making comical short films for New Zealand's annual 48-hour film contest.His short film Two Cars, One Night (2003) earned him an Academy Award nomination in 2005. At the awards ceremony, he famously feigned falling asleep as the nominations were being read. His first feature film, a romantic comedy called Eagle vs Shark, was released in U.S. theatres for limited distribution in 2007. It stars Waititi's then-real-life partner, Loren Horsley. That year, <mask> wrote and directed one episode of the TV show Flight of the Conchords and directed another. His second feature, Boy, premiered at the Sundance Film Festival in January 2010, and was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize. <mask> also took one of the main roles, as the ex-con father who returns to his family.On its release in New Zealand, Boy received enthusiastic reviews and was successful at the local box office, eclipsing several records. Following the
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film's success, Waititi hoped its signature track, "Poi E", would get to #1 (for the second time) on the New Zealand charts. It reached #3, but became #1 on iTunes. In 2011, Waititi directed New Zealand TV series Super City starring Madeleine Sami, who plays five characters living in one city. That year, Waititi portrayed Thomas Kalmaku in the superhero film Green Lantern. 2013–2019: Recognition
In 2013, <mask> co-wrote, co-directed and acted in the vampire comedy mockumentary What We Do in the Shadows with Clement. It premiered at the Sundance Film Festival in January 2014.<mask> and Clement played members of a group of vampires who live in an appropriately gothic house in modern-day Wellington. A television adaptation of the film was commissioned in May 2018, with Waititi as an executive producer and director. The series of the same name premiered on FX in March 2019; its second season received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Comedy Series. Waititi's fourth feature, Hunt for the Wilderpeople, premiered at the 2016 Sundance Film Festival. When it was released in New Zealand, the comedy adventure broke Waititi's own record for a New Zealand film in its opening weekend. Based on a book by Barry Crump, it centres on a young boy (played by Julian Dennison) and a grumpy man (played by Sam Neill) on the run in the forest. Waititi wrote the initial screenplay for the 2016 Disney film Moana, which focused on gender and family.Those elements were passed over in favour of what became the final story. In 2017, <mask> won the award for New Zealander of the Year, but was unable to receive it in person due to work commitments. That year, he directed his first major studio film, Marvel Studios's Thor: Ragnarok, which was released in October. He also portrayed Korg, a Kronan, via motion capture in the film. He had previously directed a short film series for
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Marvel called Team Thor, chronicling the lives of Thor and his roommate, Darryl Jacobson. Thor: Ragnarok earned critical praise and was successful at the box office. <mask> was later consulted by Christopher Markus and Stephen McFeely on Thor's storylines for Avengers: Infinity War, to maintain the character's consistency in the Marvel Cinematic Universe.In 2019, Waititi wrote and directed Jojo Rabbit, based on the book Caging Skies by Christine Leunens, the 1940s-set story of a child in the Hitler Youth whose mother is secretly hiding a Jewish girl in their home. <mask> plays Adolf Hitler as the boy's imaginary friend. Waititi received Academy Award nominations for Best Picture and Best Adapted Screenplay. He won the latter, making him the first person of Māori descent to win an Academy Award in a screenplay category, and the first indigenous person to be nominated for and win Best Adapted Screenplay. In 2021 he won the Grammy Award for Best Compilation Soundtrack for Visual Media as a producer of the Jojo Rabbit soundtrack. In October 2018, Lucasfilm announced that <mask> would be one of the directors of the Star Wars live-action streaming series The Mandalorian, which tells the story of a lone Mandalorian gunfighter in the period between the events of Return of the Jedi and The Force Awakens. The series premiered on 12 November 2019; Waititi also voices a droid bounty hunter named IG-11 in the series.He directed the series' first-season finale, "Chapter 8: Redemption". His voiceover work earned him a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Character Voice-Over Performance in 2020. 2020–present: Recent career
In 2020, Waititi narrated a charity reading of James and the Giant Peach by Roald Dahl. He portrayed Ratcatcher in the DC superhero film The Suicide Squad, released in August 2021 to positive reviews. Also in August, Waititi portrayed Antwan
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Hovachelik, the antagonist of the action comedy film Free Guy. Waititi co-created the comedy series Reservation Dogs, which chronicles the lives of a group of indigenous Oklahoma teens, and comprises a main cast, directors, producers, and writers of indigenous peoples. It premiered on FX to positive reviews.<mask> is executive producing and starring as Blackbeard in the HBO Max comedy series Our Flag Means Death. It is scheduled to release in March 2022. He wrote and directed the superhero film Thor: Love and Thunder, a sequel to Thor: Ragnarok. Principal photography finished in June 2021; it is scheduled for a July 2022 release. <mask> is set to direct a feature film adaptation of the documentary Next Goal Wins and a live-action film adaptation of Akira. He is slated to co-write a sequel to What We Do in the Shadows, titled We're Wolves, and direct and co-write a live-action Star Wars film. <mask> is attached to write, direct and executive produce two animated series for Netflix based on Roald Dahl's children's novel Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and its sequel, one adapting the novels and the other focused on the novel's Oompa Loompa characters.He is set to executive produce and direct the Showtime limited series The Auteur. He is slated to write and direct a film based on Flash Gordon for 20th Century Studios. In November 2021, it was announced that Waititi would adapt The Incal into a feature film. Personal life
<mask> married New Zealand film producer Chelsea Winstanley in 2011. They have two daughters. He and Winstanley separated in 2018. Since 2021, Waititi has been in a relationship with British singer Rita Ora.Waititi incorporates his Māori heritage into his projects, such as by including "Indigenous attachments" and conducting a Welcome to Country ceremony during the start of filming. He is an executive producer of the New Zealand films The
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Breaker Upperers (2018), Baby Done (2020), and Night Raiders (2021), all directed by Māori or indigenous filmmakers. Filmography
Feature film
Executive producer
The Breaker Upperers (2018)
Baby Done (2020)
Night Raiders (2021)
Short films
Acting roles
Other works
Television
Acting roles
Music videos
"Ladies of the World", Flight of the Conchords (2007)
"Mutha'uckas", Flight of the Conchords (2007)
"Leggy Blonde", Flight of the Conchords (2007)
"Shanks’ Pony", Age Pryor (2007)
"Bright Grey", The Phoenix Foundation (2007)
"My Imminent Demise", Luke Buda (2008)
"40 Years", The Phoenix Foundation (2009)
"World Gone Sour (The Lost Kids)", Method Man (2011)
“My Sweet Lord”, George Harrison (2021)
Commercials
<mask> has also been a prolific commercial director. He directed Air New Zealand's "The Most Epic Safety Video Ever Made" featuring Peter Jackson and Elijah Wood as they go through where The Lord of the Rings films were shot. The commercial went viral amassing over 19 million views on YouTube. <mask> directed Tesco's "Borg," which features a comical Thor-esque character shopping in the supermarket; he went on to direct Marvel Studios' Thor: Ragnarok years later. "Friends Reunited", Friends Reunited (2008)
"Moussaka Rap", Pot Noodle (2008)
"I Wish (That Girls Were More Like Pot Noodles)", Pot Noodle (2008)
"Back with no Appetite", Pot Noodle (2008)
"World Gone Sour (The Lost Kids)", Sour Patch Kids (2011)
"Simply The Best", Cadbury Dairy Milk (2011)
"Gold", Wispa (2011)
"Superbowl Brotherhood of Man", NBC (2012)
"Pure", Steinlager (2012)
"New Girl", Old Navy (2012)
"Why Choose?", Old Navy (2012)
"Bee Bots! In 2005, Waititi received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film for the short film Two Cars, One Night (2004). In 2019, he released the comedy-drama film Jojo Rabbit, which was met with critical
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<mask> (28 August 1939 – 2 December 2002) was a Romanian writer. She was dubbed the "Agatha Christie of Romania", her works consisting mainly of detective novels and short stories. Biography
Daughter of Ana and Victor Ojog, Rodica Ojog-Brașoveanu was born into a family of wealthy intellectuals. Her mother was a teacher, while her father was a lawyer and member of the Liberal Party. Enrolled at the age of six at the "Le Maison du Français" school, Ojog-Brașoveanu revealed a taste and remarkable talent for the French language, to which she will remain deeply attached for the rest of her life. She started her secondary education in 1948 at the "Domnița Ileana" High School (now known as the Mihai Eminescu National College), and upon graduating went on to study Law at the University of Bucharest. However, in 1956, she was expelled and arrested on a political basis, accused of supporting the anti-communist revolt in Budapest.She would only be readmitted in 1962, following a year of unqualified work in a factory. In 1963, she married actor Cosma Brașoveanu and resumed her Law studies, this time in Iași, which she finally finished in 1967, at the University of Bucharest. From 1968, she began working as a lawyer. Ojog-Brașoveanu died in 2002, as a result of severe lung problems. Works
Her novels
After her debut in 1969 with a television scenario, Ojog-Brașoveanu started writing on her husband's demands. Her first detective novel, Moartea semnează indescifrabil (Death Has an Indecipherable
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<mask> (born Steven John Hamper, 1 December 1959) is an English painter, author, poet, photographer, film maker, singer and guitarist. Since the late 1970s, <mask> has been prolific in creating music, writing and visual art. He has led and played in bands including the Pop Rivets, Thee Milkshakes, Thee Headcoats, and the Musicians of the British Empire, primarily working in the genres of garage rock, punk and surf and releasing more than 100 albums. He is a consistent advocate for amateurism and free emotional expression. <mask> co-founded the Stuckism art movement with Charles Thomson in 1999, which he left in 2001. Since then a new evaluation of <mask>'s standing in the art world has been under way, culminating with the publication of a critical study of <mask>'s working practice by the artist and writer Neal Brown, with an introduction by Peter Doig, which describes <mask> as "one of the most outstanding, and often misunderstood, figures on the British art scene". He is a visiting lecturer at Rochester Independent College.In July 2014 <mask> was awarded an honorary Doctor of Arts Degree from the University of Kent. He is known for his explicit and prolific work – he has detailed his love life and childhood sexual abuse, notably in his early poetry and the novels My Fault (1996), Notebooks of a Naked Youth (1997), Sex Crimes of the Futcher (2004) – The Idiocy of Idears (2007), and in several of his songs, notably in the instrumental "Paedophile" (1992) (featuring a photograph of the man who sexually abused him on the front cover) and "Every Bit of Me" (1993). From
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1981 until 1985 <mask> had a relationship with artist Tracey Emin. Thirty years after <mask>'s first musical releases with Thee Milkshakes and Thee Mighty Caesars, a crop of lo-fi, surf rock and punk groups with psychedelic subtexts has surfaced referencing the aesthetic established by <mask> in both their band names and in various aspects of their sonic aesthetic: Thee Oh Sees, Thee Open Sex, Thee Tsunamis, Thee Dang Dangs and many others. Background
<mask> was born, lives and works in Chatham, Kent, England. He has described his father, John Hamper, as a "complex, sociopathic narcissist": Hamper was jailed during <mask>'s teenage years for drug smuggling. Although he had an early and close association with many of the artists who became known as "YBA" artists he has resolutely asserted his independent status.He was sexually abused when he was aged nine by a male family friend: "We were on holiday. I had to share a bed with him. It happened for several nights, then I refused to go near him. I didn't tell anyone". He left secondary school at 16, an undiagnosed dyslexic. Refused an interview at the local art college, he entered Chatham Dockyard, Kent, as an apprentice stonemason. During the next six months (the artist’s only prolonged period of conventional employment), he produced some 600 drawings in "the tea huts of hell".On the basis of this work he was accepted into Saint Martin's School of Art, where he was friends with the artist Peter Doig, to study painting. However, his acceptance was short-lived and he was expelled in 1982 before completing the course. He
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then lived on the dole for 15 years. In 2006 <mask> turned down the offer to appear on Channel 4's Celebrity Big Brother. <mask> has practised yoga and meditation since the early 1990s. Painting
As a prospective student lacking the necessary entry qualifications, <mask> was accepted into art school four times on the strength of his paintings and drawings. He did a foundation year at Medway College of Design (now the University for the Creative Arts) in 1977–78, and was then accepted onto the painting department of Saint Martin's School of Art in 1978, before quitting a month later.He was re-accepted at St Martins in 1980, but was expelled in 1982 for refusing to paint in the art school and other unruly behaviour. At Saint Martin's, <mask> became friends with Peter Doig with whom he shared an appreciation of Munch, Van Gogh and blues music. Doig later co-curated <mask>'s first London show at the Cubit Street Gallery. In the early/mid 1980s <mask> was a "major influence" on the artist Tracey Emin, whom he met after his expulsion from Saint Martin's when she was a fashion student at Medway College of Design. <mask> has been cited as the influence for Emin's later confessional art. <mask> has exhibited extensively since the 1980s, and was featured in the British Art Show in 2000. In 2010, a major exhibition of <mask>'s paintings, writing and music was held at The ICA London, with a concurrent painting show running at White Columns Gallery in New York.In October 2012, alongside Art Below, <mask> presented his work at the exhibition 'Art Below Regents Park' in Regent's
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Park Tube station to coincide with Frieze Art Fair, one of the most important international contemporary art fairs that takes place each October in London. The British Art Resistance
In 2008 <mask> formed the "non organisation" The British Art Resistance, and held an exhibition under the title Hero of The British Art Resistance at The Aquarium L-13 gallery in London: A collection of paintings, books, records, pamphlets, poems, prints, letters, film, photographs made in 2008. Music
Childish made records of punk, garage, rock and roll, blues, folk, classical/experimental, spoken word and nursery rhymes. In a letter to <mask>, the musician Ivor Cutler said of Childish: "You are perhaps too subtle and sophisticated for the mass market." <mask>'s groups include TV21, later known as the Pop Rivets (1977–1980), sometimes spelled the Pop Rivits, with Bruce Brand, Romas Foord (replaced by Russell 'Big Russ' Wilkins) and Russell 'Little Russ' Lax. He later formed a garage rock inspired band called Thee Milkshakes (1980–1984) with Mickey Hampshire, Thee Mighty Caesars (1985–1989), The Delmonas then Thee Headcoats (1989–1999). In 2000 he formed Wild Billy Childish & The Friends of the Buff Medways Fanciers Association (2000–2006), named after a type of poultry bred in his home town.The Buff Medways, or The Buffs, as they were sometimes affectionately known, split in 2006, and Wild Billy <mask> & the Musicians of the British Empire were born, recording a song about one of <mask>'s heroes George Mallory titled "Bottomless Pit." In early 2007, <mask> formed The Vermin Poets with
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former Fire Dept singer and guitarist Neil Palmer and A-Lines guitarist and singer Julie Hamper, his wife. Thee Headcoats began their monthly residency at the Wild Western Room in the St John's Tavern, north London, in the early 1990s, and continued after moving to the Dirty Water Club in 1996. The Musicians of the British Empire (MBEs) played at the venue more or less once a month until February 2011. On 11 September 2009, Damaged Goods Records – <mask>'s current label – issued a message to subscribers stating that <mask>'s wife Julie (aka Nurse Julie, bassist in the MBEs) was pregnant. <mask> has since been recording as bass player with The Spartan Dreggs, with Neil Palmer on vocals and guitar and Wolf Howard on drums. From 2013 the MBEs reunited under the name Wild Billy Childish [or 'Chyldish'] and CTMF and as of the end of 2014 have released three albums.In 2014 <mask> produced, played on and co-wrote (with Dave Tattersall) most of the songs on The Wave Pictures' album Great Big Flamingo Burning Moon. <mask> has been namechecked by a number of famous musicians including Kurt Cobain, Graham Coxon, The White Stripes (Jack White had <mask>'s name written in large letters on his arm for an early Top of the Pops appearance) and Kylie Minogue who named the LP Impossible Princess after his book . Poetry
<mask> is a confessional poet and has published over 40 collections of his work. In 1979, <mask> was a founder member of The Medway Poets, a poetry performance group, who read at the Kent Literature Festival and the 1981 international Cambridge Poetry Festival. There
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were, however, personality clashes in the group, particularly between <mask> and Charles Thomson, who said: "There was friction between us, especially when he started heckling my poetry reading and I threatened to ban him from a forthcoming TV documentary." However, a Television South documentary on the group in 1982 brought them to a wider regional audience, though <mask>'s poetry was "deemed unbroadcastable". According to <mask>: "Me & Charles were at war from 1979 until 1999.He even threatened having bouncers on the doors of Medway Poets' readings to keep me out". Childish has twice won commendations in the National Poetry Prize. Hangman Books
In 1981–82 Childish formed Hangman Books, publishing poetry and some fiction. (Associated projects are Hangman Films and Hangman Records.) Hangman Books has published poetry books and pamphlets by <mask>, Tracey Emin, Bill Lewis, Vic Templer, Joe Corkwell, Sexton Ming, Philip Absolon, Chris Broderick, Mark Lowe, Neil Sparks, Louis-Ferdinand Celine, Dan Melchior, Dan Belton, Alfie Howard, Simon Robson, Steve Prince, Joe Machine, Wolf Howard and Amanda Collier, among others. Between 1982 and 1987 the daily running of the press was carried out by Traci Emin (later Tracey Emin). From 1988 to 1999 it was managed by Kyra De Coninck (one of Thee Headcoatees band).Since 2000 Julie Hamper, <mask>'s wife, has been overseeing it. From 1986 Hangman Records, also run by <mask>, released more than 50 LP records, including spoken word, experimental works and punk rock. Many local Medway groups and artists had their first releases on
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Hangman. Hangman Books and Hangman Records are both independent, non-profit-making and do not receive outside funding. Tracey Emin
During the 1980s, <mask> was an influence on the artist Tracey Emin, whom he met in 1982, after his expulsion from the painting department at Saint Martin's School of Art. Emin was a fashion student at Medway College of Design. Emin and <mask> were a couple until 1987, Emin selling his poetry books for his small press Hangman Books.In 1995 she was interviewed in the Minky Manky show catalogue by Carl Freedman, who asked her, "Which person do you think has had the greatest influence on your life?" She replied:
Uhmm... It's not a person really. It was more a time, going to Maidstone College of Art, hanging around with <mask>, living by the River Medway. Emin's work Everyone I Have Ever Slept With 1963–1995 (1995) was first exhibited in the show, and <mask>'s name was displayed prominently in it. The Stuckists
In 1999 <mask> and Thomson co-founded the Stuckist art movement. Thomson coined the group name from <mask>'s "Poem for a Pissed Off Wife" (Big Hart and Balls 1994), where he had recorded Emin's remark to him:
"Your paintings are stuck, you are stuck!– Stuck! Stuck! Stuck!" The group was strongly pro-figurative painting and anti-conceptual art. <mask> wrote a number of manifestos with Thomson, the first of which contained the statement:
"Artists who don't paint aren't artists." The Stuckists soon achieved considerable press coverage, fuelled by Emin's nomination for the Turner Prize. They then announced the inauguration of a cultural
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period of Remodernism to bring back spiritual values into art, culture and society.The formation of The Stuckists directly led to Emin severing her 14-year friendship with <mask> in 1999. <mask> has said: "The Stuckist art group was formed in 1999 at the instigation of Charles Thomson, the title of the group being taken from a poem of mine written and published in 1994. I disagreed with the way Charles presented the group, particularly in the media. For these reasons I left the Stuckists in 2001. I never attended any Stuckist demonstrations and my work was not shown in the large Stuckist exhibition held in the Walker Art Gallery in 2004." British artist Stella Vine, who was a member of the Stuckists for a short time in 2001, first joined the group having developed a "crush" on <mask> while attending his music events. In June 2000, Vine went to a talk given by <mask> and fellow Stuckist co-founder Charles Thomson on Stuckism and Remodernism, promoted by the Institute of Ideas at the Salon des Arts, Kensington.Vine formed The Unstuckists one month after joining, and has since said she did not agree with Stuckism's principles, and described them as bullies. Conceptual art
As a young man, <mask> was highly influenced by Dada, and the work of Kurt Schwitters in particular. <mask> has a Kurt Schwitters poem tattooed on his left buttock and made a short film on Schwitters's life, titled The Man with Wheels, (1980, directed by Eugean Doyan). In his poetry, <mask> mentions that he once had a bank account under the name of Kurt Schwitters. As to what is now termed conceptual
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art, <mask> has said "I respect the right of detractors and champions alike as we live in a democracy." The Chatham Super 8 Cinema
In 2002, along with Wolf Howard, Simon Williams and Julie Hamper, <mask> formed The Chatham Super 8 Cinema. The group makes super 8 films on a second-hand camera Wolf Howard bought at a local flea market.In 2004, <mask> released a 30-minute documentary titled Brass Monkey, about a march undertaken in Great War uniform commemorating the 90th anniversary of the British retreat from Mons in 1914. Discography
Solo LPs
I've Got Everything Indeed (1987)
The 1982 Cassettes (1988)
"i remember..." (1988)
50 Albums Great (1991)
Torments Nest (1993)
Made With a Passion – Kitchen Demo's (1996)
Compilations
I Am the <mask>ish (1991)
Der Henkermann – Kitchen Recordings (1992)
Native American Sampler – A History 1983–1993 (1993)
Crimes Against Music-Blues Recordings 1986–1999 (1999)
25 Years of Being Childish (2002)
My First Billy Childish Album (2006)
Archive From 1959 – The <mask> Story (2009)
Punk Rock Ist Nicht Tot – 1977–2018 (2019)
Spoken word albums
Poems of Laughter and Violence (1988)
The Sudden Fart of Laughter (1992)
Trembling of Life (1993)
Hunger at the Moon (1993)
Poems of a Backwater Visionary (2007)
Collaborations
Laughing Gravy (1987) Wild Billy Childish & Big Russ Wilkins
Long Legged Baby (1989) Wild Billy Childish & the Natural Born Lovers
At the Bridge (1993) <mask> with The Singing Loins
Devil in the Flesh (1998) <mask>/Dan Melchior
In Blood (1999) <mask> & Holly Golightly
with Sexton Ming
Which Dead Donkey Daddy? (1987)
Plump
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(1986)
Do the Uncle Willy (1988)
The Delmonas (1989)
as Wild <mask> & the Blackhands
Play: Capt'n Calypso's Hoodoo Party (1988)
The Original Chatham Jack (1992)
Live in the Netherlands (1993)
as Jack Ketch & the Crowmen
Brimful of Hate (1988) as Jack Ketch & the Crowmen
as Thee Headcoats
Headcoats Down! (1989)
The Earls of Suavedom (1990)
Beach Bums Must Die (1990)
The Kids Are Square – This is Hip! (1990)
Heavens to Murgatroyd, Even! It’s ! (Already) (1990)
W.O.A.H! Bo in Thee Garage (1991)
Headcoatitude (1991)
The Wurst is Yet to Come (1993)
The Good Times Are Killing Me (1993)
Cavern by the Sea (1993)
Connundrum (1994)
The Sound of the Baskervilles (1995 – Thee Headcoats featuring Thee Headcoatees)
In Tweed We Trust (1996)
Knights of the Baskervilles (1996)
The Jimmy Reid Experience (1997)
The Messerschmits Pilots Severed Hand (1998)
Sherlock Holmes Meets the Punkenstien Monster (1998 Japanese Compilation)
Brother is Dead…but fly is gone! (1998)
17% Hendrix Was Not the Only Musician (1998) <mask> & His Famous Headcoats
English Gentlemen of Rock‘N’Roll/the Best Vol.2 (1999) (Japanese Compilation)
I Am the Object of Your Desire (2000)
Elementary Headcoats – Thee Singles 1990–1999 (2000 – compilation)
as Thee Headcoats Sect (with The Downliners Sect)
Deerstalking Men (1996)
Ready Sect Go!(2000)
as The Buff Medways
This is This (2001)
Steady the Buffs (2002)
The XFM Sessions (2003)
1914 (2003)
Medway Wheelers (2005)
as The Chatham Singers
Heavens Journey (2005)
Juju Claudius (2009)
Kings of the Medway Delta (2020)
as The Musicians of the
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<mask> (April 4, 1937 – April 24, 1996) was a major league outfielder for the Cleveland Indians, Boston Red Sox, Atlanta Braves, and Houston Astros from (1958-1970). He was born in Sand Ridge, Illinois. His offseason home while a major leaguer was Murphysboro, Illinois. His wife Lyn's parents were St. Louis, Missouri residents. Career statistics
His career batting average was .246, with 77 home runs and 283 runs batted in. He was a weak hitter against left-handed pitching. He fielded 985, with 24 lifetime errors.He was a fast runner, once timed at 3.5 seconds from home plate to first on a bunt. <mask> ranked 8th in stolen bases in 1959 & 1961 with 9 & 16 steals respectively, but as high as 2nd in 1962 with 18 steals although he was caught 11 times. <mask> is one of three Red Sox to hit an inside-the-park grand slam home run at Fenway Park. His came in 1961. The others to accomplish the feat are Don Lenhardt (1952) and Mike Greenwell (September 1, 1990). He was signed as an amateur free agent by the St. Louis Cardinals in 1954. Cleveland drafted him as a pitcher from the Cards' Rochester Red Wings top farm club on December 2, 1957.He was , but weighed only 168 lb. He liked to keep his weight between 171 & 175 lb, but was often unable to and even dropped below 135 lb following an ulcer operation. He batted left and threw right, and in July 1958 was accidentally beaned by Camilo Pascual of the Washington Senators. Boston Red Sox (1959–1965)
On December 2, 1958, the Indians received Jimmy Piersall from the Red Sox for Geiger and veteran slugger Vic Wertz (no money was involved) after Geiger had hit .231 in 91 games as a 21-year-old Cleveland rookie. In late March 1959, late in spring training, Geiger collided with teammate (shortstop) Don Buddin chasing a foul ball in left field, in Scottsdale, Arizona. He was knocked unconscious and severely bruised. But he recovered to play left
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field later that year.On July 29, 1960, he was operated on for a collapsed lung at Sancta Maria Hospital in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and was advised to rest fully afterwards. Doctors said Geiger would miss the remainder of the season. <mask>'s Topps 1961 baseball card was featured in the 2000 film Skipped Parts as part of a baby's mobile at the end of the film. In March 1961, during spring training, <mask> made a game-saving catch in Palm Springs, California for the Red Sox against the new expansion Los Angeles Angels, robbing Julio Bécquer of a sure double in deep right center field in an 8–7 Boston win. Earlier in the game, he had collected three hits and scored three runs. Batting second and playing center field on April 17, 1961, early in the regular season, he hit a game-winning home run into the Fenway Park right field bullpen in the 7th inning of a 3-2 Boston win over the Angels. But then he dropped a fly ball hit by Brooks Robinson with two outs in the 9th inning of a 5–4 Red Sox loss to the Baltimore Orioles on May 27.It should have been an easy catch, but <mask> bobbled it when he and two other Red Sox players tried to glove it. The error was the first by Boston in ten games. He had accounted for a Red Sox run in the 5th by doubling and scoring on a single by Wertz. He broke up what might have been a second consecutive shutout by 18-year-old $125,000 bonus baby Lew Krausse, Jr. on June 23 with a game-winning three-run home run in the 7th inning after a walk to Pete Runnels and an error on Chuck Schilling's sacrifice bunt. Krausse had pitched a 4-0 shutout of the Angels in his major league debut for the Kansas City Athletics the week before. <mask> and Jackie Jensen launched home runs in the late innings of a 9–4 Red Sox win over the new expansion Washington Senators on August 23. In the second game of a doubleheader <mask> pinch-hit for Carroll Hardy, connecting for
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a triple off Cal McLish which scored Pumpsie Green to earn Boston a split with the Chicago White Sox.In November, it was reported that <mask>, Schilling and star pitcher Bill Monbouquette were likely to be lost to Boston for military service after <mask> had led the Red Sox with 18 home runs in 1961, but it didn't happen. (Catcher Jim Pagliaroni was 2nd with 16.) On June 9, 1962, <mask> crashed directly into the center field wall at Fenway Park attempting to catch a Tito Francona drive as the Red Sox lost to his old team Cleveland in 13 innings. He ventured back on the dirt track and looked as if he were going to come up with the ball. He made a sudden leap for it but struck the wall, and the ball caromed back onto the field. He landed on his feet, clapped his head with his arm, sank slowly to his knees and fell flat on the ground. He was removed on a stretcher and taken to a hospital.On May 27, 1963, a recovered <mask> and shortstop Eddie Bressoud hit 8th-inning home runs against the Detroit Tigers in a 6–5 Boston win at Tiger Stadium. But on February 27, 1964, Geiger underwent surgery for a bleeding ulcer at St. Luke's Hospital in St. Louis after having been stricken en route to training camp. Doctors advised him to remain in the hospital for 7–10 days before returning for spring training in Arizona. He was placed on the voluntary retired list at his own request on May 13, and was expected to be sidelined for at least 40 days. He ended up taking the rest of 1964 off because of general fatigue, lack of stamina and an underweight and weakened constitution, but returned the next year. On June 8, 1965, he sustained a triple fracture of the left hand diving for a Tom McCraw double in the 8th inning of a game won by the White Sox 7–3, after racing in from deep center field and diving for the shallow fly ball. That October, the Red Sox sold him along with seven other players to
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their Triple-A affiliate Toronto Maple Leafs in the International League.Atlanta Braves (1966–1967), Houston Astros (1969–1970)
In May 1966, the newly relocated Atlanta Braves were reportedly desperate for pitchers. <mask>, Rico Carty and Gene Oliver were outfielders mentioned as possible "trade bait". But <mask> was still with the Braves on July 28, 1967 when they rose to 3rd place in the National League. Filling in for an injured Mack Jones, he was a whiz in center field with a fine catch in the 6th inning to help the Braves out of a bases-loaded jam and then, the next inning, caught a fly ball against the fence. He batted 8th for the Houston Astros in 1969, and played left and right field. On June 23, he drove in three runs as a pinch-hitter to help the Astros to a 7th consecutive win on June 23. On June 26, 1970, the Astros repurchased him from the Triple-A Oklahoma City 89ers (Oklahoma Redhawks) of the American Association (20th Century).Manager
On December 7, 1971, the Cardinals chose <mask> to manage their Cedar Rapids Cardinals farm team in the Midwest League. Personal life
<mask> wore false teeth after his own, too soft to take fillings, had all been extracted by age 22. He overcame his pronounced fear of flying, making every trip with the teams he played with, albeit reluctantly. References
External links
Muir, Jim. "Family, community remember baseball player <mask>" The Southern Illinoisan (Carbondale, Illinois), Monday, May 1, 2006. 1937 births
1996 deaths
Atlanta Braves players
Baseball players from Illinois
Boston Red Sox players
Cleveland Indians players
Deaths from cirrhosis
Hamilton Cardinals players
Hannibal Cardinals players
Houston Astros players
Major League Baseball outfielders
Oklahoma City 89ers players
Omaha Cardinals players
People from Murphysboro, Illinois
Rochester Red Wings players
Tulsa Oilers (baseball) players
Alcohol-related deaths in
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<mask> (; May 27, 1819 – October 17, 1910) was an American poet and author, known for writing "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" and the original 1870 pacifist Mother's Day Proclamation. She was also an advocate for abolitionism and a social activist, particularly for women's suffrage. Early life and education
<mask> was born in New York City. She was the fourth of seven children. Her father <mask> was a Wall Street stockbroker, banker, and strict Calvinist. Her mother was the poet <mask>, related to Francis Marion, the "Swamp Fox" of the American Revolution. She died during childbirth when <mask> was five.<mask> was educated by private tutors and schools for young ladies until she was sixteen. Her eldest brother, Samuel Cutler <mask>, traveled in Europe and brought home a private library. She had access to these books, many contradicting the Calvinistic view. She became well-read, though social as well as scholarly. She met, because of her father's status as a successful banker, Charles Dickens, Charles Sumner, and Margaret Fuller. Her brother, Sam, married into the Astor family, allowing him great social freedom that he shared with his sister. The siblings were cast into mourning with the death of their father in 1839, the death of their brother, Henry, and the deaths of Samuel's wife, Emily, and their newborn child.Personal life
Though raised an Episcopalian, <mask> became a Unitarian by 1841. In Boston, <mask> met Samuel Gridley <mask>, a physician and reformer who had founded the Perkins School for the Blind. <mask> had courted her, but he had shown an interest in her sister Louisa. In 1843, they married despite their eighteen-year age difference. She gave birth to their first child while honeymooning in Europe. She bore their last child in December 1859 at the age of forty. They had six children: <mask> <mask> (1844–1886), Florence Marion <mask> (1845–1922), Henry Marion <mask> (1848–1922), Laura Elizabeth <mask>
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(1850–1943), <mask> (1855–1948), and Samuel Gridley <mask>, Jr. (1859–1863).<mask> was an aunt of novelist Francis Marion Crawford. <mask>’s marriage to <mask> was troublesome for her. He did not approve of her writing and did everything he could to disrupt her creative efforts. <mask> raised her children in South Boston, while her husband pursued his advocacy work. She hid her unhappiness with their marriage, earning the nickname "the family champagne" from her children. She made frequent visits to Gardiner, Maine, where she stayed at "The Yellow House," a home built originally in 1814 and later home to her daughter Laura. In 1852, the <mask>s bought a "country home" with 4.7 acres of land in Portsmouth, Rhode Island, which they called "Oak Glen."They continued to maintain homes in Boston and Newport, but spent several months each year at Oak Glen. Career
Writing
She attended lectures, studied foreign languages, and wrote plays and dramas. <mask> had published essays on Goethe, Schiller and Lamartine before her marriage in the New York Review and Theological Review. Her first volume of poetry, Passion-Flowers was published anonymously in 1853. The book collected personal poems and was written without the knowledge of her husband, who was then editing the Free Soil newspaper The Commonwealth. Her second anonymous collection, Words for the Hour, appeared in 1857. She went on to write plays such as Leonora, The World's Own, and Hippolytus.These works all contained allusions to her stultifying marriage. She went on trips including several for missions. In 1860, she published A Trip to Cuba, which told of her 1859 trip. It had generated outrage from William Lloyd Garrison, an abolitionist, for its derogatory view of Blacks. <mask> believed it was right to free the slaves but did not believe in racial equality. Several letters on High Newport society were published in the New York Tribune in 1860, as well. <mask>'s being
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a published author troubled her husband greatly, especially due to the fact that her poems many times had to do with critiques of women's roles as wives, her own marriage, and women's place in society.Their marriage problems escalated to the point where they separated in 1852. Samuel, when he became her husband, had also taken complete control of her estate income. Upon her husband's death in 1876, she had found that through a series of bad investments, most of her money had been lost. <mask>'s writing and social activism were greatly shaped by her upbringing and married life. Much study has gone into her difficult marriage and how it influenced her work, both written and active. Politics
In the early 1870s, <mask> was nominated by William Claflin the governor of Massachusetts as justice of the peace. However, there were uncertainties surrounding her appointment, as many believed women were not fit to hold office.In 1871, the Massachusetts supreme court made the decision that women could not hold any judicial offices without explicit authorization from the legislature, thereby nullifying <mask>'s appointment to justice of the peace. This led to activists petitioning for legislation allowing women to hold office, separate from legislating women's suffrage. Women's supporters believed that petitioning for officeholding before petitioning for a women's suffrage amendment would expedite women's involvement in politics. Social activism
She was inspired to write "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" after she and her husband visited Washington, D.C., and met Abraham Lincoln at the White House in . During the trip, her friend James Freeman Clarke suggested she write new words to the song "John Brown's Body", which she did on November 19. The song was set to William Steffe's already existing music and <mask>'s version was first published in the Atlantic Monthly in . It quickly became one of the most popular songs of the Union
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during the American Civil War.<mask> produced eleven issues of the literary magazine, Northern Lights, in 1867. That same year she wrote about her travels to Europe in From the Oak to the Olive. After the war, she focused her activities on the causes of pacifism and women's suffrage. By 1868, <mask>'s husband no longer opposed her involvement in public life, so <mask> decided to become active in reform. She helped found the New England Women's Club and the New England Woman Suffrage Association. She served as president for nine years beginning in 1868. In 1869, she became co-leader with Lucy Stone of the American Woman Suffrage Association.Then, in 1870, she became president of the New England Women's Club. After her husband's death in 1876, she focused more on her interests in reform. In 1877 <mask> was one of the founders of the Women's Educational and Industrial Union in Boston. She was the founder and from 1876 to 1897 president of the Association of American Women, which advocated for women's education. Unlike other suffragists at the time, <mask> supported the final version of the Fifteenth Amendment, which had omitted the inclusion of language originally barring discrimination against women as well as people of color. Her reason for supporting this version of the Fifteenth Amendment was that "she viewed black men's suffrage as the priority." In 1872, she became the editor of Woman's Journal, a widely-read suffragist magazine founded in 1870 by Lucy Stone and Henry B. Blackwell.She contributed to it for twenty years. That same year, she wrote her "Appeal to womanhood throughout the world", later known as the Mother's Day Proclamation, which asked women around the world to join for world peace. (See :Category:Pacifist feminism.) She authored it soon after she evolved into a pacifist and an anti-war activist. In 1872, she asked that "Mother's Day" be celebrated on the 2nd of June. Her efforts were not successful,
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and by 1893 she was wondering if the 4th of July could be remade into "Mother's Day". In 1874, she edited a coeducational defense titled Sex and Education.She wrote a collection about the places she lived in 1880 called Modern Society. In 1883, <mask> published a biography of Margaret Fuller. Then, in 1885 she published another collection of lectures called Is Polite Society Polite? ("Polite society" is a euphemism for the upper class.) In 1899 she published her popular memoirs, Reminiscences. She continued to write until her death. In 1881, <mask> was elected president of the Association for the Advancement of Women.Around the same time, <mask> went on a speaking tour of the Pacific coast and founded the Century Club of San Francisco. In 1890, she helped found the General Federation of Women's Clubs, to reaffirm the Christian values of frugality and moderation. From 1891 to 1893, she served as president for the second time of the Massachusetts Woman Suffrage Association. Until her death, she was president of the New England Woman Suffrage Association. From 1893 to 1898 she directed the General Federation of Women's Clubs, and headed the Massachusetts Federation of Women's Clubs. <mask> spoke at the 1893 World's Parliament of Religions in Chicago reflecting on the question, What is Religion?. In 1908 <mask> was the first woman to be elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters, a society; its goal is to "foster, assist, and sustain excellence" in American literature, music, and art.Death and legacy
<mask> died of pneumonia October 17, 1910, at her Portsmouth home, Oak Glen at the age of 91. She is buried in the Mount Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge, Massachusetts. At her memorial service approximately 4,000 people sang "Battle Hymn of the Republic" as a sign of respect as it was the custom to sing that song at each of <mask>'s speaking engagements. After her death, her children collaborated on a biography,
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published in 1916. It won the Pulitzer Prize for Biography. In 1987, she was honored by the U.S. Postal Service with a 14¢ Great Americans series postage stamp.Several buildings are associated with her name:
The <mask> <mask> School of Excellence in Chicago's Austin community is named in her honor. The Howe neighborhood in Minneapolis, MN was named for her. The <mask> <mask> Academics Plus Elementary School in Philadelphia was named in her honor in 1913. Her Rhode Island home, Oak Glen, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. Her Boston home is a stop on the Boston Women's Heritage Trail. Awards and honors
January 28, 1908, at age 88, <mask> became the first woman elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters. 1970, inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame.In 1998, inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame. Selected works
Poetry
Passion-Flowers (1854)
Words for the Hour (1857)
From Sunset Ridge: Poems Old and New (1898)
Later Lyrics (1866)
At Sunset (published posthumously, 1910)
Other works
The Hermaphrodite. Incomplete, but probably composed between 1846 and 1847. Published by University of Nebraska Press, 2004
From the Oak to the Olive (travel writing, 1868)
Modern Society (essays, 1881)
Margaret Fuller (Marchesa Ossoli) (biography, 1883)
Woman's work in America (1891)
Is Polite Society Polite? (essays, 1895)
Reminiscences: 1819–1899 (autobiography, 1899)
See also
List of peace activists
List of suffragists and suffragettes
List of women's rights activists
Timeline of women's suffrage
Ann Jarvis
Gardiner, Maine, <mask>'s home for many years
Samuel Gridley and <mask> <mask> House
References
Further reading
Clifford, Deborah Pickman. Mine Eyes Have Seen the Glory: A Biography of <mask> <mask>. Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1978. .
Sketches of Representative Women of New England.Boston: New England Historical Pub. Co., 1904. .
Richards, Laura Elizabeth. <mask> <mask>,
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1819–1910. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1916. Two vol. .
Showalter, Elaine. The Civil Wars of <mask> <mask>. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2017. .External links
Works and papers
Howe Papers at Harvard University
Articles by Howe Archive at "Making of America" project, Cornell University Library
Poetry at Representative Poetry Online (University of Toronto)
Mother's Day Proclamation (1870)
Julia Ward Howe.org Electronic archive of <mask>'s life and works
Finding Aid for the <mask> <mask> Papers at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro
Papers,1857–1961. Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University. Papers of the <mask> <mask> family, 1787–1984. Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University. Biographies
<mask> <mask>, biography by Laura E. Richards, online at the University of Pennsylvania
Michals, Debra. "<mask> <mask>". National Women's History Museum."2015. Biography Dictionary of Unitarian & Universalist Biography
<mask> <mask> at Answers.com
Schowalter, Elaine. "The Civil Wars of <mask> <mask>" New York: Simon & Schuster, 2017
Plaque on the Willard Hotel in Washington, D.C. marking where <mask> wrote the Hymn
Other
1819 births
1910 deaths
19th-century American poets
19th-century American women writers
19th-century Unitarians
20th-century American poets
20th-century American women writers
20th-century Unitarians
Activists from New York City
American abolitionists
American anti-war activists
American feminists
American pacifists
American suffragists
American Unitarians
American people of English descent
American women hymnwriters
American women poets
American women's rights activists
Burials at Mount Auburn Cemetery
Converts to Unitarianism
Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters
People from Gardiner, Maine
People from Portsmouth, Rhode Island
Women in the American Civil War
Writers from New York City
Women civil rights activists
19th-century American women
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, stage name of Akio Kato (加藤晃夫), was a Japanese actor. He starred in Season of the Sun, Endless Desire, My Second Brother, Stolen Desire, and Sukeban Deka, and Yo-Yo Girl Cop. Life and career
<mask> was born in Kyoto City and came from an illustrious film family. His younger brother Masahiko Tsugawa is an actor. His wife Yōko Minamida was an actress. His grandfather is the director Shōzō Makino, nicknamed the Father of Japanese Film; his father, Kunitarō Sawamura, and his mother, Tomoko Makino, were both actors. His aunt and uncle through his father are the actors Sadako Sawamura and Daisuke Katō.His niece was the actress Mayuko and she referred to him as "Achi" (Uncle Akio). Masayuki Makino, his cousin from his mother's side, was the first principal of the Okinawa Actors School. He had no children with his wife Yoko. He is distantly related to the modern Japanese comedian Daisuke Miyagawa. After graduating from Hanazono High School, Nagato entered into Ritsumeikan University's Depart of Literature but dropped out. Former Hanshin Tigers coach Yoshio Yoshida attended Ritsumeikan at the same time as Nagato but also dropped out. Acting career
His first movie appearance was in the 1940 film Zokushi Mizuminato (續清水港).He was a widely known child actor before World War II. During his school years he took a temporary break from acting but after the war he joined the entertainment company Nikkatsu where he resumed film-making. He starred in the first installment book-turned-movie Taiyouzoku series, Season of the Sun, with his co-star, Yujiro Ishihara who debuted with this movie. Combined with director Shohei Imamura, the movie left him with the reputation of having acting and gave him the nickname of "Nikkatsu's Billboard Star".
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In 1961 Nagato married Yoko Minamida and the following year he left Nikkatsu. In 1964, together with his wife, he established the film company Ningen Production. In 1968 he produced and starred in the television drama Katsudoya Ichiyo on MBS.However, due to compounding issues with the series, it plunged him 200 million yen into debt. From 1982 he also became known as a personality appearing on the KBS Kyoto's charity radio show Great Snail War. The show provided help and raise money for children who were orphaned because of accidents. His wife also participated alongside him starting from 1984. He and his wife continued appearing until the campaign's end in 2005. He also worked together alongside other celebrities born in the same year as him (1934): Yujiro Ishihara, Kinya Aikawa, Koizumi Ohashi, Ichiro Zaitsu, Jiro Sakagami, Shunji Fujimura, Gorō Mutsumi, Shuichiro Moriyama to form the friendship association Showa 9 Nenkai (昭和9年会). The 9th year of the Showa era is the equivalent of 1934.To Yoko Controversy
In November 1985, <mask> published an exposé called To Yoko(洋子へ); it was published by the publisher Datahouse.(データハウス) . It was a series of confessions to his wife, in which he wrote about his numerous infidelities without changing any names of those he had affairs with. It astounded the Japanese media. Junko Ikeuchi, who was among the people included in the book under her real name, voiced a strong objection in response. Nagato and Datahouse recalled the first edition and issued a revised version in which the problem areas were re-written. <mask> also took out an ad in the Ikeuchi newspaper to apologize over the situation. Nagato argued that, "Because [I] used a ghostwriter, my true intentions were not
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the day of his death. Tsugawa along with Nagato's private friend of 60 years Ruriko Asaoka, rushed to respond to the press media's coverage.Upon receiving Nagato's obituary, Enzo Tachibana, who had been close to Nagato for many years and a member of the Showa 9 Nenkai, announced his condolences saying, "(With the death of Hiroshi Tamaki and Sakagami) more and more friends are now gone." Others who had a friendly relationship with Nagato commended their own condolences. Aimi Higa, who co-starred with him in DonDon Hare, wrote a comment on her blog in memory of Nagato. Toshiyuki Nishida, who co-starred with him in Ikenaka Genta 80 Kg, said that the titular character "weeps" for his death. Kinichi Hagimoto, who was long loved by Nagato and his wife like a younger brother, when paying his own condolences and choked up with grief said, "He was the ultimate mentor, friend, and brother."The wake and funeral service were held on 24 May at Zenpukuji in Minato-ku, Tokyo, with Tsugawa serving as the funeral officiant. The body was then cremated at the Kirigaya Yasaijyou in Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo. Kiichi Nakai and Takashi Sasano read the condolences at wake while Tetsuko Kuroyagi and Eiji Okuda read the condolences at the funeral and memorial ceremony. Nagato was given the posthumous name, traditional in Buddhist funeral ceremonies, of "Gokugeiin Shijojoaki"(極芸院釋浄晃). <mask>'s last movie appearance was in Aoi Aoi Sora (青い青い空) released on 9 October 2010. His last TV drama appearance was on the last episode of the NHK Saturday drama Onmitu Happyaku Yacho (隠密八百八町) broadcast on 26 March 2011, about two months before his death. Filmography
Films
Television
External links
1934 births
2011 deaths
Male actors from Kyoto
Ritsumeikan
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<mask> (1776 – October 10, 1800), today commonly known as <mask>, was a literate enslaved blacksmith who planned a large slave rebellion in the Richmond, Virginia area in the summer of 1800. Information regarding the revolt was leaked prior to its execution, and he and twenty-five followers were hanged. <mask>'s uprising was notable not because of its results—the rebellion was quelled before it could begin—but because of its potential for mass chaos and widespread violence. There were other slave rebellions, but this one "most directly confronted" the Founding Fathers "with the chasm between the ideal of liberty and their messy accommodations to slavery." Virginia and other state legislatures passed restrictions on free blacks, as well as prohibiting the education, assembly, and hiring out of slaves, to restrict their ability and chances to plan similar rebellions. In 2002, the City of Richmond passed a resolution in honor of <mask> on the 202nd anniversary of the planned rebellion. In 2007, Governor Tim Kaine gave <mask> and his followers an informal pardon, in recognition that his cause, "the end of slavery and the furtherance of equality for all people—has prevailed in the light of history".Biography
<mask> was born into slavery in 1776 at Brookfield, a large tobacco plantation in Henrico County, Virginia. He and two brothers, Solomon and Martin, were held in bondage by slaveholder <mask>, the owner of Brookfield. <mask> was literate. He was one of the rare 5% of enslaved people of the colonial era who were able to learn to read and write. <mask> trained as a blacksmith and a carpenter. His brother Solomon, and perhaps his father, was a blacksmith. <mask>, "hired out" by his enslaver to work in Richmond foundries, was able to keep a portion of the wages that he earned.The bulk of it went to <mask>. <mask> traveled freely throughout Richmond and Henrico County to work for plantation and business owners. <mask> was married to Nanny, an enslaved woman. They were not known to have had any children. He was
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described in newspaper articles as having stood "six feet two or three inches high". His long and "bony face, well made", was marred by the loss of his two front teeth and "two or three scars on his head". White people as well as black people regarded the literate young man as "a fellow of great courage and intellect above his rank in life".In 1799, <mask>, his brother Soloman, and a man named Jupiter, tried to steal a pig from Absalom Johnson. <mask> got into a scuffle with Johnson and he bit off part of Johnson's ear. Jupiter was charged with stealing a hog, which was a misdemeanor and Soloman was not charged. It was a capital offense for an enslaved person to assault a white person. He could have been hanged for the assault. Because he was a valuable bondsman for <mask>, the judge sentenced him to jail for one month and had his thumb branded. <mask> was released from jail when slaveholder <mask> paid a bond for his release and he promised a year of good behavior.Richmond history professor and slave law expert Philip J. Schwarz states that it showed <mask>'s intention "to consciously challenge the system of slave control." See also History of slavery in Virginia § Food. Historian Douglas R. Egerton and author of <mask>'s Rebellion, states: "He was physically big, he was literate, he's a fighter, he's a skilled artisan. For all these reasons, he was a natural leader." Background to the Revolt
In Richmond, there were slightly more blacks than whites, with a total population of 5,700 in 1800. Richmond was a slave town, with a community whipping post where slaveholders had punishment meted out in a public square. Enslaved men loaded and moved flatboats of tobacco and other cargo.Throughout the state in 1800, 39.2% of the total population were slaves; they were concentrated on plantations in the Tidewater region and west of Richmond. <mask>, living in Virginia in the late eighteenth century, was influenced by the prevailing themes of liberty expounded by the supporters of the American, French, and Haitian
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Revolutions. During his lifetime, the number of free people of color had grown markedly in the Upper South. Many slaves were manumitted thanks in part to the efforts of Methodist and Quaker abolitionists. Their number was augmented by free black refugees from the Haitian Revolution, many of whom had been slaveowners themselves. Some Virginia slaveholders were nervous about the sharp increase in the number of free blacks in the slave state. <mask>'s Rebellion
Historians assert that <mask> became the leader of the planned rebellion because he was a blacksmith, and enslaved people respected and feared blacksmiths because of their ability to forge weapons and their connection to the spirit of iron Ogun.Ogun is the "god of iron," warfare and metalwork in West Africa. In West Africa, blacksmiths are feared and respected because they can forge weapons and they hold the secrets to the mysteries of metal and its spiritual properties. On plantations in Virginia, enslaved blacks continued the West African tradition of holding blacksmiths to a high degree of respect and fear. During the slave trade, Virginia imported blacksmiths from West Africa into the colony and the state. Enslaved and free African-American men in Virginia taught their metalwork skills to their sons. During the spring and summer of 1800, <mask> began to plan a revolt that intended to end slavery in Virginia. Plans were made with enslaved people over 10 counties and the cities of Richmond, Norfolk, and Petersburg, Virginia.He and his brothers, as well as other blacksmiths, turned scythe blades into as many as twelve dozen swords. Musket balls and 50 spears were created. They intended to steal muskets from a tavern. Hundreds of slaves from central Virginia expected to march into Richmond and take control of the Virginia State Armory and the Virginia State Capitol. The plan was to hold Governor James Monroe hostage so that they could negotiate for their freedom. But on August 30, 1800, the planned day of attack, heavy rain flooded the streets of
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Richmond and the creeks in central Virginia. In addition, two slaves told their owner, Mosby Sheppard, about the plans.Sheppard warned Virginia's Governor, James Monroe, who called out the state militia. They patrolled the area and began picking up conspirators. <mask> escaped downriver to Norfolk, but he was spotted and betrayed there by another slave named Will "Billy" King. More than 70 enslaved men were arrested by law enforcement for conspiracy and insurrection. <mask> was returned to Richmond for questioning, but he did not submit. The trial was heard by five justices in courts of oyer and terminer, rather than a jury. A recruit, Ben Woolfolk, testified that <mask> intended on writing the words 'death or liberty' on a silk flag, referring to Patrick Henry's Give me liberty, or give me death!speech of 1775. One of the enslaved men reportedly said "I have nothing more to offer than what General Washington would have had to offer, had he been taken by the British and put to trial." <mask>, his two brothers, and 23 other slaves were hanged. One individual committed suicide before his arraignment. Eight enslaved men were moved or sold outside of Virginia. Thirteen were found guilty, but were pardoned by the governor. Twenty five were acquitted.Two men received their freedom for informing their slaveholder of the plot. Influence
The rebellion was reported in newspapers across the country. James Monroe and Thomas Jefferson were concerned about the optics of having so many people executed. Jefferson said, "the other states & the world at large will forever condemn us if we indulge in a principle of revenge." The Federalists argued that the rebellion occurred as a result of the Democratic-Republican Party's support of the French Revolution. Fears of a slave revolt regularly swept major slaveholding communities. After the rebellion, many slaveholders greatly restricted the slaves' ability to travel after a second conspiracy was discovered in 1802 among enslaved boatmen along the Appomattox and Roanoke
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Rivers.New laws were enacted to restrict free blacks and slaves. The Virginia Assembly in 1802 made it illegal for blacks, whether free or enslaved, to obtain and pilot's boat or to navigate a boat. Two years later, they were unable to meet in groups after their work was done or on Sundays. In 1808, state legislators banned hiring out of slaves and required freed blacks to leave the state within 12 months or face re-enslavement. The growing population of free blacks had to petition the legislature to stay in the state. Historiography
The historian Douglas Egerton offered a new perspective on <mask> in his book <mask>'s Rebellion: The Virginia Slave Conspiracies of 1800 & 1802 (1993). He based this on extensive primary research from surviving contemporary documents.Egerton concluded that <mask> would have been stimulated and challenged at the foundries by interacting with co-workers of European, African and mixed descent. They hoped Thomas Jefferson's Republicans would liberate them from domination by the wealthy Federalist merchants of the city. The internal dynamics of Jefferson's and Monroe's party in the 1800 elections were complex. A significant part of the Republican base were major planters and colleagues of Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. Egerton believes that any sign that white radicals, and particularly Frenchmen, had supported <mask>'s plan could have cost Jefferson the presidential election of 1800. Slaveholders feared such violent excesses as those related to the French Revolution after 1789 and the rebellion of slaves in Saint-Domingue. Egerton believed that <mask> planned to take Governor Monroe hostage to negotiate an end to slavery.Then he planned to "drink and dine with the merchants of the city". Egerton noted that <mask> instructed his followers not to kill white Methodists, Quakers and Frenchmen. During this period, Methodists and Quakers were active missionaries for manumission. Legacy and honors
<mask>'s rebellion served as an important example of slaves' taking action to gain
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freedom. In 2002, the City of Richmond adopted a resolution to commemorate the 202nd anniversary "of the execution of the patriot and freedom fighter, <mask>, whose death stands as a symbol for the determination and struggle of slaves to obtain freedom, justice and equality as promised by the fundamental principles of democratic governments of the Commonwealth of Virginia and the United States of America". The Spring Park Historic Site in Henrico County commemorates <mask>. In 2004, the Virginia Board of Historic Resources approved a marker at the spot where <mask> was hanged on October 10, 1800.It is between 15th and 16th streets, on the north side of East Broad Street. The state worked with individuals from a group called the Defenders for Freedom, Justice & Equality. In the fall of 2006, the Virginia State Conference of the NAACP requested Gov. Tim Kaine pardon <mask> in recognition of his contributions to the civil rights struggle of African Americans and all peoples. On August 30, 2007, Governor Kaine informally pardoned <mask> and his co-conspirators. Kaine said that <mask>'s motivation had been "his devotion to the ideals of the American revolution—it was worth risking death to secure liberty". Kaine noted that "<mask>'s cause—the end of slavery and the furtherance of equality of all people—has prevailed in the light of history", and added that "it is important to acknowledge that history favorably regards <mask>'s cause while consigning legions who sought to keep him and others in chains to be forgotten".Popular culture
Arna Bontemps wrote Black Thunder (1936), a historical novel based on <mask>'s Rebellion. In Roots, Alex Haley's historical fiction, the rebellion is heard of by the book's characters. In Sally Hemings, Barbara Chase-Riboud's 1979 novel about Hemings's relationship with Thomas Jefferson, Monroe writes Jefferson asking his advice on what to do about the insurrectionists still in jail after "(m)ore than thirty-five" had been executed. Hemings intercedes on their behalf, telling
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Jefferson, "I think there has been enough hanging", and suggests they be exiled instead. Although it is not made explicit in the novel, it is implied that Jefferson followed her suggestion and advised Monroe accordingly. At the end of the chapter, Hemings says, "I heard that the last of <mask>'s rebels had been reprieved and banished from Virginia by James Monroe. I had not pleaded in vain."Songs
Tim Barry, a singer/songwriter from Richmond, wrote and performed "Prosser's <mask>" for the album 28th & Stonewall. It chronicles the events of <mask>'s life, focusing on the attempted revolution. <mask> is mentioned in Public Enemy's song "Prophets of Rage". <mask> is the hero of a cleverly subversive sea shanty recorded some forty years after events in Frederick Marryat's book, Poor Jack (1840). See also
Denmark Vesey
History of slavery in Virginia
List of enslaved people
Nat Turner
Slavery in the United States
Notes
References
Further reading
Aptheker, Herbert. American Negro Slave Revolts. New York: International Publishers, 1943.Egerton, Douglas R<mask>'s Rebellion: The Virginia Slave Conspiracies of 1800 and 1802. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1993. Nicholls, Michael L. Whispers of Rebellion: Narrating <mask>'s Conspiracy. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia Press, 2012. Schwarz, Philip J. "<mask>'s Challenge: Slaves and Crime in Late Eighteenth-Century Virginia", Virginia Magazine of History and Biography Volume 90, Issue 3, pp. 283–309, 1982.Rodriguez, Junius P., ed. Encyclopedia of Slave Resistance and Rebellion. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2006. 1776 births
1800 deaths
18th-century executions of American people
American rebel slaves
18th-century American slaves
Conflicts in 1800
Executed African-American people
Executed revolutionaries
History of Richmond, Virginia
History of slavery in Virginia
People executed by Virginia by hanging
People from Henrico County, Virginia
Executed people from Virginia
Recipients of American gubernatorial pardons
Slave rebellions in
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<mask> (March 1788 – 18 February 1820) was a professional boxing pioneer and the first Irish-born heavyweight champion. He was posthumously inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame, Pioneers Category in 2008. Early life
<mask> was born in the docks of Dublin, Ireland in March 1788. He came from a family of seventeen children. Donnelly grew up in poverty; his father was a carpenter, but suffered from chest complaints and was frequently out of work. As soon as he was able, Donnelly also went to work as a carpenter. On the streets of Dublin, Donnelly had a reputation of being a hard man to provoke, but was known to be "handy with his fists", and he became the district's new fighting hero.There are a number of anecdotes about <mask>'s life in this period, including his rescue of a young woman being attacked by two sailors at the dockside, leading to his arm being badly mangled. He was taken to the premises of the prominent surgeon Dr. Abraham Colles who saved Donnelly's arm from amputation, describing him as a "pocket Hercules". Another tale concerns Donnelly's insistence of carrying the body of an old lady who had died of a highly contagious fever to a local graveyard, where he buried the body himself in a grave that had been "reserved for a person of distinction". Early boxing career
<mask> was nearly six feet (1.83 m) tall and weighed almost 14 stone (196 lbs, 89 kg). He was described as "a courageous man". As news of his fighting exploits with Dublin's feuding gangs spread swiftly. He gained a reputation for keeping local criminals in check.One boxer, recognized as champion
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of the city, became jealous of <mask>'s reputation and took to following him around the local taverns demanding a fight. Eventually, Donnelly relented and the fight was staged on the banks of the Grand Canal. The event aroused a great deal of interest in Dublin, and a good crowd turned up. Right up to the time they took sparring positions, Donnelly tried to talk his rival out of fighting, but his pleas fell on deaf ears. As the fight dragged on, Donnelly gradually overcame his rival, and in a furious attack in the 16th round, beat him to the ground. Donnelly was declared the new champion of the city. Around this time, an Irish aristocrat was sitting in an English tavern.Captain William Kelly listened as a pair of English prize-fighters mocked Ireland's reputation as a nation of courageous men. Kelly considered this an affront to his native land and resolved to find a fighting Irishman to take up the challenge. His search eventually took him to Dublin and to <mask>. King of the Curragh
When prize fights were first introduced, it was the Fancy who tended to the boxers. The Fancy were aristocrats who followed the sport in the 18th and 19th centuries. They organized the training, the matches, and the finance. Donnelly's first big fight under the patronage of Captain Kelly, was staged at the Curragh in County Kildare on 14 September 1814.The spot was known at the time as Belcher's Hollow, a natural amphitheatre that was regularly used for big prize fights. <mask>'s opponent was a prominent English fighter, Tom Hall, who was touring Ireland, giving sparring exhibitions and boxing
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refreshed. He was doing this just a bit too often for Donnelly's liking, and at one stage, Donnelly was just about to lash out when he was down, and his second shouted out an admonishment that <mask> would lose the fight if he did so.Eventually he did lose his temper, and as Hall slipped down yet again, Donnelly lashed out and hit him on the ear; the blood flowed. That was the end of the round. Hall refused to continue, saying he had been fouled, that Donnelly should be disqualified. Donnelly fans voiced that no, <mask> had definitely won, Hall didn't want to fight on, Donnelly was the champion. The fight ended in some controversy, but to the Irish, he was the conquering hero. Belcher's Hollow was rechristened Donnelly's Hollow and <mask> was now acclaimed as Ireland's Champion. For a short while, at least, the country celebrated its new hero.The Irish saw sporting heroes like <mask> as the symbolic winner of the bigger fight. While Ireland was left without its own government, England was becoming increasingly more powerful. Whenever <mask>'s right hand bloodied an English nose, it was hailed as a strike, however small, against the oppressors. Cooper's challenge
It was the summer of 1815, and while Ireland was at its weakest, England had never seemed stronger. Wellington had beaten Napoleon at Waterloo and Britannia certainly ruled the waves. In the minds of the populace, <mask>y epitomized the national struggle in an Ireland governed by mad old George III, championing their seemingly hopeless cause against the intransigent representatives of the Crown. In Irish folk tradition, the
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hero took center stage.That goes back to the storytelling tradition which still exists today. The hero is revered; he's someone who is willing to stand up and fight for himself and his people. <mask> was synonymous with Ireland as he was a patriot. He lived and fought in the period after the 1798 Rebellion and the Act of Union, and during the Catholic Emancipation movement. Spirits and morale were good in Ireland at that time. As a patriotic man himself, the timing couldn't be better for Donnelly. The political climate between Ireland and Britain is better and more peaceful today than it has been in a very long time, but if a rugby or soccer game is held between the two countries, there is a certain amount of tension or jingoism.<mask> and his boxing matches embodied this mentality in the early 19th century. It's symbolic of how the Irish and the English fought their political battles on the football pitch and in the boxing ring. Donnelly was a national hero, but he was also broke. He drank away the purse from beating Tom Hall, but the chance of another big payday eventually presented itself. He was approached by George Cooper and Tom Molyneux, two leading prize-fighters who were touring Ireland on an exhibition tour to teach the art of boxing. These two came to Dublin, heard of Donnelly, and invited him to meet them in a local pub. They prevailed upon him to fight Molyneux originally, and he said no.He had no desire to fight a conquered man, because Molyneux had just been beaten by the other man of the company, George Cooper. Molyneux was hurt by this curt refusal, but he was calmed
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down by his companion. Arrangements were made for the fight with Cooper. The bout was set for 13 November 1815. Once again, it was to be staged at Donnelly's Hollow on the Curragh in County Kildare. News of Napoleon's defeat at Waterloo was resounding around Europe. George Cooper was a hotter favorite than the Iron Duke had been in his bout with the Little Corporal.Cooper was a bargeman with a fearful reputation. He was of gypsy blood and he was 10/1 on to batter <mask>y. From early morning, crews began to converge on Donnelly's Hollow. They came from far and wide, using every horse-drawn contraption they could find, or on horseback. If they couldn't do so, they gladly walked the distance. There were 20,000 people packed in there on that day. Excitement was intense.Bets were made back then as is still customary to this day. Bets were made on the results of the fight, on who'd draw the first blood, or on who would score the first knockdown. There were rules, but they were designed to accommodate gambling, the public, and those who organized the fight. The boxers themselves were of no consequence. It was a fight that went one way then the other for a round. Again, Donnelly's strength would always tell in a bare-knuckle fight to the finish. In one round, Cooper used the cross-buttock tactic with Donnelly and severely winded him.The cross-buttock was more a wrestling maneuver than a boxing one, but it was legitimate under the rules of the time. A competitor gets, more or less, in front of his opponent, and throws his adversary over his hip, causing him to land with great force on the
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ground. If one popular story is to be believed, <mask>, who was being badly beaten in the fifth round, was saved by the magical properties of a lump of sugar cane slipped to him by Captain Kelly's sister. She had been pleading with <mask> to win, telling him she had bet her entire estate on the outcome. When Donnelly failed to respond, she slipped him a piece of the sugar cane, while urging him, "Now my charmer, give him a warmer!" The Irish champion was rejuvenated and the course of the fight changed. In the seventh round, he sent Cooper flat on his back on the turf and jumped on top of him, winding Cooper so badly he could hardly rise.He did rise for the next round, but in the eleventh, Donnelly finished him off with a tremendous right hand that smashed Cooper's jaw. The sound of the cheering was likened to the sound of artillery going off. The cheers could be heard in villages for miles around. Donnelly was the conquering hero. As Donnelly proudly strode up the hill towards his carriage, fanatical followers dug out imprints left by his feet. Leading from the monument which commemorates the scene of his greatest victory, "The Steps to Strength and Fame" are still to be seen in <mask>'s Hollow. Donnelly politely declined all invitations to celebrate his triumph in the taverns of County Kildare.He had promised his friends and family he would return to Dublin immediately after the fight. Newspapers in the 18th century had many references to boxing. However, this was bare-knuckle fighting, fighting that was severe and sometimes brutal. That type of boxing was at its most popular during
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<mask>'s time. Boxing champions in those days became well-renowned. He was aware that political conflict was very much to the fore then. He accepted that he was representing the Irish people in this area in which he was active.He was a patriot, who, if needed, would stand up for his beliefs. Later life
Donnelly became a publican, hoping his notoriety would entice extra customers eager to hear stirring tales of his prize-ring. He had a reputation for being a gambler, a womanizer and a drunkard. Donnelly was the proprietor of a succession of four Dublin pubs, all of them unprofitable. Fallon's Capstan Bar is the only one still in existence. In his third and final fight on 21 July 1819, he defeated Tom Oliver in 34 rounds on English turf, at Crawley Down in Sussex. A full fight report was filed by the foremost prizefighting chronicler of the period, Pierce Egan.Egan irately described the reception accorded to Donnelly during a benefit night (6 April 1819) as 'rather foul': 'It was very unlike the usual generosity of John Bull towards a stranger – It was not national – but savoured something like prejudice' (Boxiana, vol. III). This animosity was borne predominantly from concern over the Irishman's fighting prowess, and Egan underscored the combination of resentment and overwhelming interest when reporting Donnelly's fight with Oliver: 'The English amateurs viewed him as a powerful opponent [and...] jealous for the reputation of the "Prize Ring", clenched their fists in opposition, whenever his growing fame was chaunted' (Boxiana, vol. III)
He died at Donnelly's Public House, the last
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sight might be frightening off customers, so he stuck it up in an attic. A betting parlor employee remembers as a teenager being told not to go up in the attic—that Donnelly's ghost was up there. Donnelly's arm made it back to Kilcullen in the 1950s. Publican Jim Byrne came up with the idea of recreating Donnelly's fight with George Cooper in the Curragh.The fight was promoted by bringing Donnelly's arm back to where it defeated the English opponent. The pageant brought the historic contest alive again, rekindling the <mask> fire. It was An Tóstal, an Irish festival started at that time nationwide in an effort to promote tourism. Each region was encouraged to have some sort of festival to attract visitors. This was the genesis of the <mask> pageant. Kevin McCourt, an army officer, was picked to play George Cooper, the English champion; Jim Berney was chosen to portray <mask>, the Irish champion. George Cooper and <mask>, as played by McCourt and Berney, had a group of supporters as well, dressed up and cheering, carrying them down into the arena.Two "supporters" performed getting involved in a ruckus. Local sporting clubs and townspeople comprised the spectators. Donnelly's arm found a new home in Jim Byrne's pub, "The Hideout." It became a popular attraction in Kilcullen. It was on display there for 43 years until Jim Byrne died and the pub passed to his son, Desmond, who was unaware of the arms value, and in 1997 he eventually sold the pub. The arm sat in his and Josephine's basement piled under junk for almost a decade until an American relative, <mask>, began a national search for
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the arm. After several radio interviews and articles, the nations intrigue began to grow again on the whereabouts of the arm.Des died in 2005. After the media search gained traction, Josephine revealed that they kept the arm during the sale and it was disrespectfully laying in their basement. Josephine wouldn't let the human limb that was almost 200 years old go into a cargo hold for transportation to America. One of Des's bandmates had been Henry Donohoe, then the chief pilot for Aer Lingus. She called him and asked how to get the arm to the States. He told her that he would take it in the cockpit with himself. Josephine sat in first class.A special box was made for the arm, crating around it to prevent it from getting banged around. It fit into the cockpit with two inches to spare. As the centerpiece of the Fighting Irishmen Exhibit, <mask>'s arm went on display at the Irish Arts Center in New York City, in the autumn of 2006. The show traveled across the city to the South Street Seaport Museum in 2007. Its next appearance was at Boston College's John J. Burns Library in 2008. The arm returned to Ireland in 2009 when the show arrived at the Ulster American Folk Park in Omagh. 2010 was a homecoming when the exhibition appeared at the Gaelic Athletic Association museum at Croke Park in Dublin.Legends
Almost two centuries after his death. Donnelly remains the subject of urban legend. One contends that he had the longest arms in boxing history, with the ability to touch his knees without bending down. Another claims that he was knighted by the Prince Regent. His arms were actually of
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normal length for a man of his size. No known documentation exists to support the latter. See also
Donnelly and Cooper, a ballad
List of bare-knuckle boxers
References
External links
Myler, Patrick."Irish <mask>: Still On Tour 178 Years After His Death," The Ring (magazine). A portrait of legendary bare-knuckle boxer <mask>. 1788 births
1820 deaths
Bare-knuckle boxers
Sportspeople from Dublin (city)
Irish male boxers
Heavyweight
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<mask> (July 29, 1952 – January 15, 2021) was an author of children's books and a former book editor. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, in 1952 and grew up in Wilmette, Illinois. She graduated from the girls' preparatory Regina Dominican High School in Wilmette, studied music at Northwestern University, and then earned a B.A. in 1974 from Lawrence University in Appleton, Wisconsin, magna cum laude, majoring in English, minoring in music. Career
Krull worked as a children’s book editor for companies in the Midwest, including at Western Publishing from 1974 to 1979, where she edited and wrote books in the Trixie Belden series under the pseudonym of Kathryn Kenny. She moved to San Diego to work as a senior editor at Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, editing authors including Tomie dePaola, Eve Bunting, Patricia Hermes, Anne Lindbergh, Jane Yolen, Arnold Adoff, Amy Schwartz, Judy Delton, and Lael Littke. While at Harcourt, Krull She left publishing in 1984 to establish herself as a children's book author.She collaborated with Jill Biden on Joey: The Story of Joe Biden, which was released in August 2020 by Simon & Schuster. Her papers are cataloged at the University of Minnesota's Kerlan Collection. Personal life
<mask> died in January 2021 after being diagnosed with cancer. She lived in San Diego with her husband, Paul Brewer, a children’s book illustrator and author whom she married in 1989. Selected works
Lives of the Musicians: Good Times, Bad Times (and What the Neighbors Thought), illustrated by Kathryn
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Hewitt, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (Boston, MA), 2010. The Brothers Kennedy: John, Robert, Edward, illustrated by Amy June Bates, Simon & Schuster (New York, NY), 2010. Big Wig: A Little History of Hair, illustrated by Peter Malone, Arthur A. Levine Books (New York, NY), 2011. Jim Henson: The Guy Who Played with Puppets, illustrated by Steve Johnson and Lou Fancher, Random House (New York, NY), 2011. The Beatles Were Fab (and They Were Funny) co-authored with Paul Brewer, illustrated by Stacy Innerst, Harcourt Children (Boston, MA), 2013
Giants of Science series
Leonardo da Vinci, illustrated by Boris Kulikov, Viking (New York, NY), 2005.Isaac Newton, illustrated by Boris Kulikov, Viking (New York, NY), 2006. Sigmund Freud, illustrated by Boris Kulikov, Viking (New York, NY), 2006. Marie Curie, illustrated by Boris Kulikov, Viking (New York, NY), 2008. Albert Einstein, illustrated by Boris Kulikov, Viking (New York, NY), 2009. Charles Darwin, illustrated by Boris Kulikov, Penguin (New York, NY), 2010. Benjamin Franklin, illustrated by Boris Kulikov, Penguin (New York, NY), 2012. References
External links
<mask> at Reading Rockets with short biography, video interview, list of books
<mask> Papers finding aid at the Children's Literature Research Collections, University of Minnesota Libraries
1952 births
2021 deaths
American children's writers
American book editors
American science writers
Charles Darwin biographers
People from Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri
People from Wilmette, Illinois
Writers from San Diego
Lawrence University
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<mask> ( , , ; 9 July 187918 April 1936) was an Italian composer, violinist, teacher, and musicologist and one of the leading Italian composers of the early 20th century. His compositions range over operas, ballets, orchestral suites, choral songs, chamber music, and transcriptions of Italian compositions of the 16th–18th centuries, but his best known and most performed works are his three orchestral tone poems which brought him international fame: Fountains of Rome (1916), Pines of Rome (1924), and Roman Festivals (1928). <mask> was born in Bologna to a musical and artistic family. He was encouraged by his father to pursue music at a young age, and took formal tuition in the violin and piano. In 1891, he enrolled at the Liceo Musicale di Bologna, where he studied the violin, viola, and composition, was principal violinist at the Russian Imperial Theatre, and studied briefly with Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. He relocated to Rome in 1913 to become professor of composition at the Liceo Musicale di Santa Cecilia. During this period he married his pupil, singer Elsa Olivieri-Sangiacomo.In 1923, Respighi quit his professorship to dedicate time to tour and compose, but continued to teach until 1935. He performed and conducted in various capacities across the United States and South America from 1925 until his death. In late 1935, while composing his opera Lucrezia, Respighi became ill and was diagnosed with bacterial endocarditis. He died four months later, aged 56. His wife Elsa outlived him for almost 60 years, championing her late husband's works and legacy until her
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as soloist for the premiere of his piano and orchestral work, Concerto in modo misolidio ("Concerto in the Mixolydian Mode"). In May 1927, Respighi and Elsa travelled to Brazil to engage in a concert series of his own music in Rio de Janeiro. The musical style and local customs inspired Respighi, who told the press of his intention to return in the following year with a five-part orchestral suite based on his visit. Respighi did return to Rio, in June 1928, but the composition was finalised in the form of an orchestral work in three movements entitled ("Brazilian Impressions"). In September 1927, Respighi conducted the premiere of his ("Botticelli Triptych"), a three-movement orchestral piece inspired by three paintings by Sandro Botticelli located in Vienna.He dedicated it to American pianist Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge, the patron for the work. In November 1928, <mask> returned to America for the premiere of his piano and orchestral work, ("Toccata for Piano and Orchestra"). It took place that month at Carnegie Hall with Willem Mengelberg conducting the New York Philharmonic Orchestra with the composer as soloist. By the year's end Respighi completed his third Roman tone poem, Roman Festivals, composed in just nine days. It premiered on 21 February 1929 at Carnegie Hall in New York City with Arturo Toscanini conducting the New York Philharmonic. The Italian premiere followed on 17 March. Having completed the work, Respighi felt that he had incorporated the "maximum of orchestral sonority and colour" from the orchestra and could no longer write such large
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scale pieces.It was at this time he started to favour compositions for smaller ensembles. At the end of 1929, <mask> had conductor Serge Koussevitzky forward a proposal to Sergei Rachmaninoff which involved permission to orchestrate a selection of pieces from his two Études-Tableaux (Op. 33 and Op. 39) sets for piano. An enthusiastic Rachmaninoff accepted the offer and supplied Respighi with the program descriptions behind five pieces which were previously kept secret. Koussevitzky conducted Respighi's orchestrations, entitled , for the premiere with the Boston Symphony Orchestra in November 1931. He wrote that Respighi's arrangements were "very good" and demanding of the orchestra, which required eight rehearsals.Rachmaninoff thanked Respighi for his work and in particular, for being faithful to the original scores. Later in 1930, Respighi completed a commission piece to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the Boston Symphony Orchestra. The result was Metamorphoseon, Modi XII, an orchestral piece containing a theme and eight variations. In 1932, the Fascist government honoured Respighi with membership of the Reale Accademia d'Italia, one of the highest honors awarded to the most eminent people in Italian science and culture. From 1933 until his death, Respighi completed no new compositions. Respighi's opera La fiamma ("The Flame") premiered at the Teatro dell'Opera di Roma in January 1934, with the composer as conductor. In June 1934, Respighi and Elsa made the month-long voyage to Argentina where Respighi conducted the premiere of in the following
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<mask> is a journalist, academic and consultant. He is one of the world’s foremost experts on match-fixing and corruption in international sports. In 2008, <mask>, as a Chevening Scholar, obtained his doctorate in Sociology at the University of Oxford. Currently, he is a senior research fellow in anti-corruption in sports at the University of Würzburg and a professor at the University of New Haven where he has opened the Centre for Sports Integrity in the Investigations Program. His book ‘The Fix: Organized Crime and Soccer’ has appeared in twenty-one languages. <mask> was the first person to show the new danger to international sport posed by the globalization of the gambling market and match-fixing at the highest levels of professional football (soccer) including the Champions League and FIFA World Cup tournaments. Part of the book details his involvement with an Asian match-fixing gang as they travelled around the world to fix major football matches.<mask> has also published a number of academic articles, is a reviewer for Global Integrity and has probed the impact of the Russian mafia on professional ice hockey. In 2011, he pioneered the first on-line anti-match-fixing education course for Sport Accord that was eventually used by Interpol. In 2013, his second book 'The Insider's Guide to Match-Fixing' was published and immediately translated to Japanese. It is a popular version of his doctoral thesis and was dubbed by its English-language publisher as 'Freakonomics meets Sports Corruption'
Personal life
<mask> is a graduate of the National Theatre School of Canada, Trinity College, Toronto and University of Oxford. In his spare time, <mask> is a keen amateur boxer and leads groups of recreational and competitive fighters to train in Havana, Cuba. On March 31, 2012, <mask> won a charity boxing match that was part of the historic Trudeau-Brazeau night – as part of Fight for the Cure in support the Ottawa Regional Cancer Foundation. In 2017, he and Trudeau fought a non-judged sparring match followed by <mask> conducting an interview of Trudeau for the Toronto Star from the center of the boxing ring.Career
<mask> acted in
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minor roles at the Shaw Festival and other Canadian theatres, then in India on the Doordshan television series ‘Bhaarat ek Khoj’. Because of his experiences in a Calcutta street clinic he gradually drifted away from theatre, becoming one of the founding volunteers of the Canadian chapter of Doctors without Borders (MSF) and then moved into journalism. <mask> worked for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) first as an investigative journalist at the flagship program The Fifth Estate then as an anchor for Newsworld International. His programs and articles have also appeared in The New York Times, the Toronto Star, and the BBC Radio World Service, The Guardian and the Sunday Telegraph (London), as well as various news media outlets including CNN, Le Monde, Der Spiegel, The Sydney Morning Herald, Al Jazeera, The Times, Il Manifesto, Corriere della Sera (Milan): El Pais (Madrid) Politiken (Copenhagen)
Before publishing The Fix, <mask> completed documentaries on the widespread murders of Filipino journalists, the killing of the head of the Canadian mafia, blood feuds in Kosovo, ethnic cleansing in Iraq, pagan religions in Bolivia and honour killings in Turkey. He has also given presentations about sports corruption to a number of organizations including the International Olympic Committee (IOC), committees at the European Parliament in Brussels and the UK Parliament in Westminster, the Council of Europe, the Dutch Football Association (KNVB) and the Australian and New Zealand Sports Lawyers Association. <mask> is also the winner of the 2007 Canadian Association of Journalists Award for best investigative radio documentary and is an Amnesty International Canada 2003 Media Award Winner. The Play The Game Award winner for an individual who best exemplifies the qualities of sport and an honorary award from the Greek Sports Journalist Association for his role in revealing sports corruption.Public dispute
In September 2013, following the arrest of match-fixers in Singapore, <mask> was interviewed on BBC Radio World Service where he claimed the Singapore Police Force to have offered protection to the accused from prosecution.
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This was strongly disputed by the Singapore government as baseless and challenged him to come forth with any evidence to substantiate his claims. In response to <mask>'s claims, Ronald Noble, Secretary General of Interpol said that "Those who do not recognise the commitment and resources that Singapore has devoted to identifying those believed to be responsible for match-fixing cases, or those who seek publicity -- simply to criticise every positive development that occurs in fighting match-fixing should simply open their eyes and look at the facts." <mask> responded to these accusations by saying that if they had not been providing tacit protection for the nest of home-grown fixers in their midst, then the Singaporean police must be one of the most inept law-enforcement agencies in the world. For over two years, they had ignored two international arrest warrants - strangely both were from Ron Noble's Interpol (who subsequently opened a regional headquarters in Singapore) and the well-publicized criminal trial of a Singaporean match-fixer in Finland. U.S. Helsinki Commission testimony
In December 2018, <mask> testified at the bi-partisan U.S. Helsinki Commission. As part of his testimony, <mask> said that the Supreme Court’s decision to allow sports gambling in America was comparable to the repeal of Prohibition.He concluded, “I faced many similar parliamentary committees in Europe, where I warned them about a tsunami of match fixing coming to European sport. At first, they did not listen. I was the lonely Cassandra prophetess waving my arms, warning of the dangers. Now, after over 30 national police investigations, they have woken up. I believe there is a clear and present danger to U.S. sports from this globalized sports gambling market. References
External links
New York Times Q. & A. on Match Fixing With <mask>, Author of ‘The Fix’
How to Fix a Soccer Game
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Canadian expatriates in the United Kingdom
Canadian journalists
Trinity College (Canada) alumni
University of Toronto alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Canadian Quakers
Place of birth missing (living
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<mask> (c. 1440 – 24 April 1479) was a major Castilian poet, whose main work, the Coplas por la muerte de su padre (Verses on the death of <mask>, his Father), is still read today. He was a supporter of the queen Isabel I of Castile, and actively participated on her side in the civil war that broke out against her half-brother, Enrique IV, when the latter attempted to make his daughter, Juana, crown princess. <mask> died in 1479 during an attempt to take the castle of Garcimuñoz, defended by the Marquis of Villena (a staunch enemy of Isabel), after Isabel gained the crown. Manrique was a great-nephew of Iñigo López de Mendoza (marquis of Santillana), a descendant of Pero López de Ayala, chancellor of Castile, and a nephew of <mask>, corregidor of Toledo, all important poets of the late fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. He was, therefore, a member of a noble family of great literary consequence. The topic of his work was the tempus fugit
The Minor Lyrics
<mask> wrote love lyrics in the courtly-love tradition and two satires. These called canciones (songs), esparsas (short poems, generally of a single stanza), preguntas y respuestas (questions and answers), and glosas de mote (literally, "interpretations of refrains"; see villancico).The first edition of the Cancionero general of Hernando del Castillo (1511) has the most complete selection of <mask>'s poems, but some of the lyrics appear in other early editions and manuscripts. Coplas por la Muerte de su Padre
Coplas por la Muerte de su Padre (English: "Stanzas about the Death of his Father") is <mask>'s best composition. In fact, Lope de Vega pronounced it in humbled admiration to its superior craftmanship, "worthy to be printed in letters of gold". It is a funeral eulogy dedicated to the memory of <mask> (his father), who died
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on 11 November 1476 in Ocaña. <mask> thought that his father led a life worth living. He makes a reference to three lives: the terrestrial life that ends in death
the life of the fame, that lasts longer (Kleos Greek)
the eternal life after death, that has no end. Stanzas 1-24 talk about an excessive devotion to earthly life from a general point of view, but features some of the most memorable metaphors in the poem.Among other things, life is compared to a road filled with dangers and opportunities and to a river that ends in the sea:
I
Recuerde el alma dormida
avive el seso e despierte
contemplando
cómo se pasa la vida,
cómo se viene la muerte
tan callando;
cuán presto se va el placer,
cómo, después de acordado,
da dolor;
cómo, a nuestro parecer,
cualquiera tiempo pasado
fue mejor. O let the soul her slumbers break,
Let thought be quickened, and awake;
Awake to see
How soon this life is past and gone,
And death comes softly stealing on,
How silently! Swiftly our pleasures glide away,
Our hearts recall the distant day
the pain
The moments that are speeding fast
We heed not, but the past,—the past,
More highly prize. III
Nuestras vidas son los ríos
que van a dar en la mar,
que es el morir. Allí van los señoríos
derechos a se acabar
e consumir. allí los ríos caudales,
allí los otros medianos
e más chicos,
allegados, son iguales
los que viven por sus manos
e los ricos. Our lives are rivers, gliding free
To that unfathomed, boundless sea,
The silent grave!Thither all earthly pomp and boast
Roll, to be swallowed up and lost
In one dark wave. Thither the mighty torrents stray,
Thither the brook pursues its way,
And tinkling rill,
There all are equal; side by side
The poor man and the son of pride
Lie calm and still. The section invokes general examples of
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popularized the meter. Its alternation of long and short lines, and their punctuation, made the verses flexible enough to sound somber or light and quick. Coplas por la muerte de su padre has been translated at least twice, once by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. The translations of stanzas I, III, and XVI provided above are by Longfellow. However, the Longfellow translation has been criticized as not being faithful to the original. Longfellow's translation is considerably more florid than the original. For example, the famous lines "Nuestras vidas son los ríos/ que van a dar en la mar,/ que es el morir," which reads in Longfellow as "Our lives are rivers, gliding free/ To that unfathomed, boundless sea,/ The silent grave!"literally translates as "Our lives are rivers/ That will lead to the sea/ Which is death." References
Domínguez, Frank A. Love and Remembrance: The Poetry of <mask>. Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky, 1989. Domínguez, Frank A. "<mask>que" in Castilian Writers, 1400-1500 Vol. 286.Detroit: Gale, c2004. (The article can be accessed as well in electronic format through the database Literature Resource Center at Gale in participating libraries.) Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth. Coplas de Don Jorge Manrique. Boston: Allen & Ticknor, 1833. Marino, Nancy. <mask>'s Coplas por la muerte de su padre: A History of the Poem and Its Reception.(Colección Támesis, A/298.) Woodbridge, UK: Tamesis, 2011
Serrano de Haro, Antonio. Personalidad y destino de Jorge Manrique. Madrid: Editorial Gredos, 1966. Salinas, Pedro. Tradición y originalidad Buenos Aires: Editorial Sudamericana 1947
Brenan, Gerald. The Literature of the Spanish people, Cambridge, 1951.External links
1440s births
1479 deaths
People from the Province of Palencia
15th-century Spanish
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<mask> (1715–1795), known as <mask>, was a rabbinic and kabbalistic scholar, who wrote in Yiddish. She was the author of Tkhinne imohes (Supplication of the Matriarchs). She lived in Bolechów, Poland. Life
Horowitz was the daughter of <mask> (1680–1755) and Reyzel bat Heshl. Her father was a member of the famed kloiz of Brody. Horowitz was one of some seven children. Three of her brothers were rabbis, of whom the most eminent was Isaac (known as "Itsikl Hamburger", 1715–1767), rabbi of Hamburg, Altona, and Wandsbek.There was also a sister, named Pessil. There is some doubt about the identity of another brother and sister. As the sister of eminent brothers, <mask> disproves the old canard that the only educated women in her time were the daughters of learned rabbis who had no sons. <mask>'s early life was spent in Bolechów, in Polish Galicia (now Bolekhiv, Ukraine), where her father was the rabbi. When he became rabbi of Brody in 1735, his son Mordecai succeeded him as rabbi of Bolechów. <mask> remained in Bolechów, continuing to live as a young married woman in the home of her brother. Her husband at this time was Aryeh Leib, son of the rabbi of Dobromyl, Ukraine; later she was married to Shabbetai ben Benjamin ha-Cohen Rappoport, rabbi of Krasny, Russia.It is unknown whether she had any children. Scholarly work
Even as a young, <mask> was renowned for her exceptional learning. In an era when many women did not learn to read, and those who did rarely learned more than the rudiments of Hebrew, <mask> studied the Talmud with commentaries and also read some kabbalistic works. The memoirist Ber of Bolechów
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reports that when he was a boy of twelve, <mask> helped him prepare for his Talmud lesson with her brother, the rabbi Mordecai. "She would begin to recite the words of Talmud or Rashi by heart, in clear language, explaining it well as it was written there, and I learned from her words. And when the rabbi awoke from his sleep, I knew how to explain the passage in the Talmud to him properly." In the same passage, Ber refers to her as "the learned and famous Mistress <mask>, of blessed memory".Other authors also knew of her reputation for learning. The anonymous work Sefer Ozar Sihot Hakhamim describes her as "a great scholar, well-versed in the Talmud" and recounts her Talmudic discussion with another learned lady, Dinah, the wife of Saul Halevi (chief rabbi of The Hague from 1748 to 1785). Although very few Eastern European Jewish women before the nineteenth century have left writings, <mask> was the author of the Tkhinne of the Matriarchs, an eight-page, trilingual prayer for the Sabbath before the New Moon. (As is often the case, the place and date of publication are not mentioned in most of the printed editions.) The work contains a Hebrew introduction, a piyyut (a liturgical poem) in Aramaic, and a Yiddish prose paraphrase of the poem. This text, which has historical importance as one of the few extant works written by an eighteenth-century Eastern European Jewish woman, testifies that its author was far more learned than the norm. (Another work, Tkhinne Moyde Ani, has been erroneously attributed to her.)<mask> was passionately concerned with the religious place and role of Jewish women and she was
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keenly aware of her own anomalous status as a learned woman. She addressed these issues explicitly in the Hebrew introduction to her tkhinne, and by implication in the Aramaic piyyut and the Yiddish paraphrase. <mask> was concerned to establish the legitimacy of her own involvement in "Torah study", that is, in Talmudic and halakhic discussion. Furthermore, this is perhaps the only pre-modern text in which an Ashkenazic woman discusses the significance of women's prayer, the proper way for women to pray and the circumstances under which women should and should not submit to their husbands' authority. However, <mask>'s arguments were largely lost to her contemporaries. After the first few editions, the Hebrew introduction and the Aramaic piyyut were no longer printed, leaving only the Yiddish portion of the text. Presumably, most women could not read Hebrew or Aramaic, while most men were not interested in reading a tkhinne by a woman, even if a portion of it was in the Holy Tongue.Nonetheless, in her Hebrew introduction <mask> argues that women's prayer has the power to bring the messianic redemption if women learn to pray "properly". She states further that because women's prayer can bring the redemption, women should pray in synagogue every day, morning and evening, and she laments the fact that this is not the practice in her day. <mask> has a kabbalistic understanding of prayer: true prayer is not for human needs, but for the reunification of the sundered sephirot (divine attributes) of Tiferet and Shekhinah. Because most women have little knowledge of mystical literature and concepts, <mask>'s
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purpose in writing this text is to teach women without specialized knowledge how to pray properly, that is, for the sake of the redemption of the Shekhinah from her exile, with weeping. Following kabbalistic sources, <mask> attributes great power to tears. Elaborating on what was already a focus of women's piety, the blessing of the new moon in synagogues, she provides a framework that she believed could bring redemption. In the Yiddish portion of her text (accessible to her female readers), <mask> laments the bitterness of the exile and names the New Moon as a time of favor.The protection of each of the four biblical matriarchs is invoked. The central model she presents is the midrashic trope of the children of Israel going into exile, weeping at Rachel's grave. Rachel, a common symbol for the Shekhinah, then entreats the Holy Blessed One (Tiferet), with tears, to redeem the Israelites from their exile. He is so moved by her plea that He agrees to bring the redemption. <mask> suggests that women in her day should follow the example of the children of Israel, and of "our faithful Mother Rachel". Together with <mask>'s images of the other matriarchs, her Yiddish tkhinne, like her introduction, combines an appreciation of women's traditional roles with an assertion that women have far more spiritual power than is usually recognized. References
Sources
https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0009_0_09238.html
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/653224/Yiddish-literature
1715 births
1795 deaths
Yiddish-language writers
Kabbalists
18th-century Polish Jews
Jewish women
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<mask> (born 21 January 1959) is a Scottish professional football manager and former player. Born in Glasgow, McLeish played as a central defender for Aberdeen during their 1980s glory years, making nearly 500 League appearances for the club, and won 77 caps for Scotland. <mask> started his managerial career with spells at Motherwell and Hibernian, before guiding Rangers to two championships and five cup wins in five years. <mask> spent ten months as manager of the Scotland national team which narrowly failed to qualify for the finals of the 2008 UEFA European championship. He then resigned this post in November 2007 to become manager of Birmingham City, who were in the Premier League at the time. Though Birmingham were relegated at the end of the season, <mask> guided them back to the Premier League in 2009. Birmingham then won the 2011 Football League Cup Final, but were relegated again from the Premier League at the end of the 2010–11 season.Following this relegation he resigned his post at Birmingham to become manager at their city rivals, Aston Villa. This made him the first manager to move directly from Birmingham City to Aston Villa, and only the second manager after Ron Saunders to manage both clubs. Having only narrowly avoided relegation in the 2011–12 Premier League season, his contract was terminated by Villa at the end of his first season. <mask> was appointed manager of Championship club Nottingham Forest in December 2012, but left after 40 days by mutual consent. He managed Belgian Pro League club Genk in the 2014–15 season, and Zamalek of the Egyptian Premier League in 2016. He then had a second stint as Scotland national team manager. In recognition of his distinguished service to Scottish sport, in 2008 <mask> was awarded an honorary doctorate by the University of Aberdeen.Early years
<mask> was born in Duke Street Hospital, Glasgow to parents <mask>, a shipyard worker, and Jean. He has younger siblings Angela and Ian. After living in the Parkhead and Kinning Park districts of the city, the family moved to Barrhead,
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Renfrewshire soon after McLeish had reached school age. He attended Springhill Primary, Barrhead High School – where he was one year below future Aberdeen and Scotland teammate Peter Weir – and John Neilson High School in Paisley. As a juvenile he played for Barrhead Youth Club, alongside Weir, and Glasgow United as well as training for a short period with Hamilton Accies. After a local cup final with Glasgow United in 1976 which was watched by a delegation from Aberdeen, including then manager Ally MacLeod, McLeish signed for the Pittodrie club the following day. Playing career
Club
McLeish spent the majority of his first two seasons at Aberdeen in the reserves and also had a loan spell at local Junior side Lewis United.He made his competitive debut under Billy McNeill in a New Year fixture against Dundee United on 2 January 1978. His first major final appearance was under the management of <mask> as a substitute in a 2–1 defeat to Rangers in the 1978–79 League Cup and most of his appearances during the 1970s were as a midfielder, with Willie Garner and Doug Rougvie preferred in defence. However <mask> eventually made the centre-back position his own, and over the next seven seasons he enjoyed great success, winning eight domestic and two European trophies. Highlights included scoring in a 4–1 victory over Rangers in the 1982 Scottish Cup Final on his 200th Dons appearance, and a vital goal against Bayern Munich during the campaign leading to the European Cup Winners' Cup win over Real Madrid in 1983. During this period, McLeish formed a formidable defensive triumvirate with Willie Miller and Jim Leighton for both club and country. Even after he had won his first Scotland cap, <mask>'s father asked then Aberdeen boss <mask> to persuade him to continue training as an accountant. When Ferguson left in 1986 to go to Manchester United, he tried to get McLeish to sign, but it did not work out; he also had talks with Tottenham Hotspur.A testimonial match was arranged for <mask> in December 1988, with the club's 'Gothenburg' (Cup Winners' Cup)
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squad taking on an 'International legends' team. He won the Scottish player of the year in 1990, after a season in which Aberdeen won both domestic cups. He became captain of Aberdeen after the retirement of Willie Miller. His 692 competitive appearances for the club ranks as the second-most in its history (100 behind Miller, but almost 100 more than Bobby Clark). International
<mask> is Scotland's third most capped player, having gained 77 international caps between 1980 and 1993. He was first capped for the Scotland under-21 team while still a reserve player at Aberdeen by his former club manager Ally MacLeod, eventually gaining six caps at that level. His full international debut came on 26 March 1980 against Portugal, manager Jock Stein playing him in midfield alongside Archie Gemmill and Graeme Souness.He played in three World Cups with Scotland, in 1982, 1986 and 1990. He is a member of the Scottish Football Hall of Fame, the Scotland national football team roll of honour and Scottish Television's fan poll Scotland's Greatest Team. On the occasion of his 50th cap, against Luxembourg in 1987, McLeish was appointed team captain for the game. His final cap came on 17 February 1993 in a 3–0 win over Malta at Hampden Park during the 1994 World Cup qualifiers. Management career
Motherwell
After his successful playing career he quickly went into football management with Motherwell in 1994, one year before he retired as a player. His first season at Motherwell saw him take the Lanarkshire club to second in the Premier Division behind Walter Smith's Rangers. However, he failed to build on this success and the next two seasons were spent in relegation battles.He resigned as manager to take over at Hibernian in 1998. Hibernian
McLeish took over a struggling Hibernian side, which was relegated from the Scottish Premier Division in 1998 despite a slight upturn in fortunes under McLeish. He then guided the Edinburgh team back to the Scottish Premier League at the first attempt by winning the First Division championship. Hibernian consolidated in
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their first season back in the top division, finishing mid-table and reaching the Scottish Cup semi-final. In the 2000–01 season, Hibs started very strongly. Eventually they had to settle for third place and a Scottish Cup final appearance. This performance attracted the attention of bigger clubs, including West Ham United and Rangers.McLeish attracted players such as Russell Latapy and former French international Franck Sauzée to Hibs. He also helped develop young striker Kenny Miller, who would later go on to play for Scotland. During this period McLeish worked towards and was awarded a UEFA Pro Licence. Rangers
His work at Hibs was noticed, and he was linked with several moves to England, before he was appointed as Rangers manager in December 2001 after outgoing Rangers manager Dick Advocaat recommended McLeish to chairman David Murray. McLeish was an instant success at Rangers, winning both the Scottish Cup and Scottish League Cup in his first season, but the big prize of the league title was essentially lost before his arrival. His second season saw him go one better when he won the domestic treble, with the help of players such as Ronald de Boer and Barry Ferguson. Rangers' worsening financial state saw many of his top players leave in the summer of 2003.Celtic won the league comfortably in season 2003–04, and Rangers failed to win any trophies. <mask> was consequently put under pressure from fans after his poor signings and a record run of seven consecutive Old Firm derby losses to Celtic. The high-profile Bosman signings of Jean-Alain Boumsong and Dado Pršo in the close season of 2004–05 gave Rangers renewed hope of regaining the title from Celtic's grasp. <mask>'s team won the 2005 league title on a dramatic last day, an outcome that had looked highly unlikely after Rangers fell five points behind leaders Celtic with just four games remaining. After this unexpected success, <mask> and his Rangers team headed into the 2005–06 SPL campaign as favourites to retain the championship. McLeish made a number of signings, including Julien
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Rodriguez and Ian Murray, despite having little money to spend. After a reasonable start to the season, including a win over Celtic, Rangers suffered a series of poor results between September and November.This period included a club record of 10 games without a win. However the tenth match of this run, a 1–1 draw with Inter Milan in the Champions League, took Rangers into the knockout stages of the tournament for the first time. Despite the poor domestic form, <mask> guided Rangers to the last 16 of the Champions League, where they were defeated on the away goals rule by Villarreal. They became the first Scottish team to progress this far in the European Cup since 1993, and the first Scottish team to progress through a European group stage. In December, chairman David Murray publicly announced his support for McLeish. Rangers then went on a good run of results in December and January. This run of good results came to a sudden halt when they were defeated 3–0 by Hibernian in the Scottish Cup, prompting protests outside Ibrox against both <mask> and David Murray.On 9 February 2006, it was announced by chairman David Murray that <mask> would be standing down as manager at the end of that season. It was later announced that he would be succeeded by former Olympique Lyonnais manager Paul Le Guen. Rangers beat Hearts 2–0 at Ibrox Stadium in his final match as manager. Scotland national team
<mask> said after leaving Rangers that he would not manage another Scottish club, because he felt that he had achieved everything in the Scottish game. He was linked in the media with a number of managerial positions in England while he worked as a television pundit for the BBC and Setanta Sports. <mask> took charge of the Scotland national team on 29 January 2007. His assistants in the job were Roy Aitken and Andy Watson.<mask>'s first game in charge of the national team was a UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying match, a 2–1 victory against Georgia on 24 March 2007 at Hampden Park. His second game was an away fixture against Italy on 28 March 2007 which ended in a 2–0
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defeat. <mask>'s Scotland side then went on to defeat the Faroe Islands away in June, Lithuania at home in September before recording a historic victory in Paris four days later by defeating France 1–0 in the Parc des Princes. James McFadden's 64th-minute strike from 30 yards was enough to earn Scotland the win and returned them to the top of Group B with three games to play. This result has been hailed as one of the Scotland national team's greatest victories. Scotland's next success was at home to Ukraine, winning 3–1 at Hampden on 13 October. <mask> suffered his second defeat as manager, away in Georgia on 17 October.This result left Scotland facing a decider against the World Champions, Italy. Scotland lost the game 2–1, <mask>'s last, and Italy qualified for the finals. Birmingham City
Premier League club Birmingham City's approach to the SFA for permission to speak to McLeish about their managerial vacancy was refused,
but on his return on 27 November 2007 from attending the draw for 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification in South Africa, he resigned his post as manager of Scotland and was announced as Birmingham's new manager the following day. His assistants with Scotland, Roy Aitken and Andy Watson, were to accompany him. McLeish said he wanted to return to working with players on a daily basis and had "always harboured a desire" to manage in the Premier League. He enjoyed a positive managerial debut with Birmingham, winning 3–2 away to Tottenham Hotspur. In the January 2008 transfer window, McLeish strengthened Birmingham's squad, buying David Murphy and James McFadden and signing Argentina under-20 international Mauro Zárate on loan, while generating funds by allowing fringe players to leave.He was unable to save Birmingham from relegation, despite the team recording an impressive 4–1 victory over Blackburn Rovers on the last day of the season. McLeish changed the club's backroom staff and training procedures, appointed David Watson as goalkeeping coach, and overhauled the scouting setup, bringing in Paul Montgomery – the scout who
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recommended a relatively unknown Didier Drogba to West Ham United – to oversee player recruitment. On the final day of the 2008–09 season, McLeish secured Birmingham's return to the top flight of English football at the first attempt with a 2–1 away victory over Reading. By mid-January 2010, he had guided them to a 12-game unbeaten run, a club record in the top division, set a Premier League record by selecting the same starting eleven for nine consecutive games, and been named Premier League Manager of the Month for December 2009, the first Birmingham manager to receive the award. By the end of the season <mask> had led Birmingham to ninth place, their highest finish for more than 50 years. Following Birmingham's success during the 2009–10 season, McLeish agreed a new three-year deal with the club in September 2010. In February 2011, McLeish led Birmingham to victory in the League Cup, defeating favourites Arsenal 2–1 in the final at Wembley in what he described as "relatively speaking, ... [his] greatest achievement".However, a poor run of form followed the League Cup win, and Birmingham were relegated to the Championship on the last day of the 2010–11 season. The directors confirmed that <mask> would keep his job, and would be expected to return the club to the Premier League at the first opportunity. <mask> however opted to quit Birmingham City on 12 June 2011 by email. Aston Villa
On 17 June 2011, Aston Villa appointed <mask> as manager, just five days after leaving their local rivals Birmingham City. There was much controversy surrounding his appointment as Birmingham City claimed <mask> was still under contract and filed a complaint against Aston Villa to the Premier League while Villa claimed McLeish was a free agent. Aston Villa fans protested outside Villa Park and anti-McLeish graffiti had to be removed from outside Villa's training ground. McLeish made out of favour Manchester City goalkeeper Shay Given his first signing, and then recruited winger Charles N'Zogbia.<mask>'s first competitive game as Villa manager ended in a 0–0 draw
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with Fulham at Craven Cottage. He gained his first Premier League win as manager of Villa in a 3–1 win over Blackburn Rovers. Following victory over Blackburn, Villa drew their next four Premier League games until winning against Wigan 2–0. Aston Villa finally ended their unbeaten start with a 4–1 defeat away at Manchester City. <mask>'s side secured a surprise win over Chelsea just before signing LA Galaxy striker Robbie Keane on loan. Keane helped to secure Villa a crucial win against rivals Wolves in a 3–2 victory. <mask> led the 2011–12 Villa team to 16th place in the Premier League, avoiding relegation by two points, and set an unwanted club record of only four home wins.<mask>'s contract was terminated on 14 May, the day after the season ended. The reasons cited for his termination were the poor results and style of play used throughout his term as manager. Nottingham Forest
<mask> was appointed manager of Football League Championship club Nottingham Forest on 27 December 2012. His first game in charge was on 29 December 2012, a 2–2 draw against Crystal Palace at the City Ground, with Billy Sharp scoring an injury-time equaliser for Nottingham Forest. <mask> earned his first win as Nottingham Forest manager on 12 January 2013, a 2–1 victory against Peterborough at home. <mask> took charge of his only East Midlands derby against Derby County on 19 January 2013, drawing 1–1 at Pride Park. On 2 February 2013, after a 2–1 defeat to former club Birmingham City on his first return to St Andrew's, he refused to commit his future to Nottingham Forest and claimed he was unhappy.This came after the Nottingham Forest board pulled out of a deal to sign George Boyd on the final day of the January transfer window. On 5 February 2013, he left the club by mutual consent. Genk
<mask> stated in November 2013 that he would like to re-enter football management in some capacity, in England, Scotland or abroad. In August 2014, he was appointed manager of Belgian club Genk. <mask> made his managerial debut on 30 August, in which Genk drew Oostende 1–1 away. It
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was reported in March 2015 that <mask> would leave Genk at the end of the 2014–15 Belgian Pro League season, as the club had failed to qualify for the Championship play-offs, although they did reach Europa League play-offs. Zamalek
<mask> was appointed manager of Egyptian Premier League club Zamalek on 28 February 2016.After a series of poor performances from the team, he was sacked on 2 May with ten matches of the season remaining. Scotland national team (second spell)
<mask> was reappointed Scotland manager on 16 February 2018, on a two-year contract. Scotland won their 2018–19 UEFA Nations League group under McLeish, but he was sacked on 18 April 2019 following a 3–0 defeat by Kazakhstan. Outside of football
McLeish had a cameo appearance in the Laurel and Hardy biopic Stan & Ollie, after a chance meeting with director and Aberdeen FC fan Jon S. Baird on a flight. In the film, McLeish can be briefly seen reading a newspaper in the lobby of the Savoy Hotel behind Steve Coogan. During the 2014 Scottish independence referendum McLeish was a supporter of the Better Together campaign against Scottish independence. players
Association football central defenders
Aston Villa F.C.managers
Belgian First Division A managers
Birmingham City F.C. managers
Egyptian Premier League managers
English Football League managers
Expatriate football managers in Belgium
Expatriate football managers in Egypt
Hibernian F.C. managers
K.R.C. Genk managers
Lewis United F.C. players
Living people
Motherwell F.C. managers
Motherwell F.C. players
Nottingham Forest F.C.managers
People from Barrhead
Premier League managers
Rangers F.C. managers
Scotland B international footballers
Scotland international footballers
Scotland national football team managers
Scotland under-21 international footballers
Scottish expatriate football managers
Scottish Football Hall of Fame inductees
Scottish Football League managers
Scottish Football League players
Scottish football managers
Scottish footballers
Scottish Premier League managers
Footballers from Glasgow
Zamalek SC
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<mask>, also known as <mask> (born 24 March 1949) is a Tunisian philosopher, art historian, art critic, and art curator. She is a full Professor of Philosophy at Tunis University, specialized in Aesthetics. Biography and career
<mask> graduated from the University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne in 1971. Her thesis was titled, Aesthetics and Politics at the Renaissance, and was directed by . In 1983 she obtained her PhD from University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne. In 2001, she obtained a Habilitation in Philosophy from Paris 8 University, under the direction of . Since 2010, <mask> is full Professor of Philosophy at Tunis University.She is the founder and president of the Tunisian Association of Aesthetics and Poetics (ATEP), the vice president of the International Association of Poetics (SIP), member of the executive board of the Euro-Mediterranean association for Art History and Aesthetics (AEPHAE), and delegate in the executive board of International Association for Aesthetics (IAA). <mask> is also an art critic and a curator specialized in North African Art. In 1994, she has co-produced a series of 24 documentaries about the Tunisian painters in their workplace. She also has been the curator of numerous international art exhibitions in Europe and Africa. She has also been advising visual art foundations and nominating Artists for various international Awards. Currently she is acting as advisor for a Kamel Lazaar Foundation and nominator for Prix Pictet 2013 and for Prince Claus Awards 2013. She has organized numerous international meetings on the contemporaneous problems of the
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creation in Arts, and has published books and articles on the subject.She is also a member of editorial boards of “Recherches poïétiques” and “Art’in”. During the Tunisian revolution 2011, <mask> <mask>, as a president of the Tunisian Association of Aesthetics and Poetics initiated an appeal for the democratization of culture, for the support of free and independent art criticism, and for the encouragement of young artists and cultural NGOs. Bibliography
Authored
L'image: Ce que l'on voit, ce que l'on crée (The Image: What is seen, what is created), Larousse, Paris, 2008. L'esthétique du temps pictural (The aesthetics of the pictorial time), Tunis, 2001. Paintings in Hasdrubal, Tunis 2002 (translated into French, Arabic and German). Les femmes peintres en Tunisie (Women painters in Tunisia) CREDIF Tunis 2001. L'esthétique et la question du sens (Aesthetic and sense), Arcantères, Paris, 2000
Esthétique et politique à la Renaissance (Aesthetic and political in Renaissance), Publications de l'Université de Tunis, Tunis 1986.Edited
Poïètique artistique et citoyenneté , Wassiti Edition, Tunis, 2012
Le contemporain des arts , Wassiti Edition, Tunis, 2011
Orient Occident, Les arts dans le prisme exogène (Orient/Occident), Wassiti Edition, Tunis, 2008. Poïétique de l’existence, Stratégie des arts contemporains (Contenporain art strategy), Beit elHekma, Tunis, 2008. Philosopher en Tunisie aujourd'hui (Doing philosophy in Tunisia today) Revue Rue Descartes n°61, Paris 2008. Quelle pensée dans la pratique des arts? (Thinking Arts), ATEP, Tunis, 2007. Poïètique de
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l'existence, Stratégies contemporaines des arts , SONUMED Edition, Tunis, 2006
Espaces et mémoires (Spaces and Memory), Maghreb Edition, Tunis, 2005. Creation, hasard et necessité (Creation, luck and necessity), Tunis, 2003.Arts and transcréation (Arts et transcréation), Wassiti, Tunis, 2001. Critique et création (Criticism and creation), CPU, Tunis, 2000. Création et culture (Creation and culture), Arcantères Paris, 1994. Patrimoine et création (Patrimony and creation), Edilis, Lyon, 1992. Filmography
In 1994 <mask> <mask> has co-produced a series of 24 documentaries for the national Tunisian TV (RTT). Each documentary explores a Tunisian painter's work. It contains interviews of the painter, scenes of the creation process, and critics of art works.Exhibitions
2013: Curator for the Land Art event "De Colline en Colline, 24h pour l’art contemporain" (From hill to hill, 24h for the Contemporary Art), Sidi Bou Saïd / Takrouna / Chénini, Tunisia, Mars 2013. 2011: Curator for the exhibition "Photographies contemporaines en Tunisie" (Contemporary photography in Tunisia), National Centre of Living Art, Tunisia, octobre 2011. 2010: Curator for North Africa for Dak'Art 2010, The 9th Biennale of Contemporary African Art. Dakar, Senegal. 2010: Curator for Contemporary Art exhibition La Part Du Corps, Tunis City Museum
2009: Curator for Contemporary Art exhibition Proximity, Tunis City Museum. 2008: Co-curators for Bienal Pontevedra of Contemporary Arts, Spain (Artists: Nadia Kaabi, Halim Karabibène, Nicène Kossentini, Mouna Karray, Mouna Jmal and Sana Tamzini). 2007: Curator for
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Revue - Horizons Rue Descartes n°61, Paris 2008.Rachida Triki talk at the North African and Middle Eastern Curatorial Symposium MOMA New York 2007
Rachida Triki Q&A at the North African and Middle Eastern Curatorial Symposium MOMA New York 2007
Transkulturalität und Kreation: Die bildenden Künste im Maghreb
La poïétique comme science et commme philosophie de la création: actes du Premier Colloque international de poïétique, Editions Poïésis, 1991
International Association for Aesthetics Newsletter No. 28 – Spring 2005
ARTbibliographies Modern v. 19, no. 2 - 1988
Souveraineté et sujet créateur Revue ARCHES Tome 8 2005
ARTANK Quels lieux pour les arts, aujourd’hui? ARTANK L’art et le virtuel dans notre espace comme utopie de réenchantement
Alwifaqonline interview with Rachida Triki
International Association for Aesthetics
Transculturalité et création : le cas des arts plastiques au Maghreb by Rachida <mask>. International Congress of Aesthetics 2007 <<Aesthetics Bridging Cultures>>
Paysages croisés. La part du corps
Le régime postcolonial des arts et les usages de la modernité by Rachida <mask>. Unha mutabilidade creadora, Bienal de Pontevedra 2008, Sen Fronteiras, España
A creative mutability, Pontevedra Art Biennial 2008, Without borders, Spain
1949 births
African art curators
Living people
Philosophers of art
Pantheon-Sorbonne University alumni
Tunis University faculty
Tunisian philosophers
Tunisian women philosophers
20th-century philosophers
21st-century Tunisian philosophers
Art historians
Women art historians
20th-century women writers
21st-century women
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<mask> (born July 16, 1934) is a former politician who was the 38th Treasurer of the United States. She served from September 26, 1983 to July 1, 1989 under Presidents Ronald Reagan and then George H. W. Bush. <mask> also has the distinction of being the first female bank president in the state of California. Early life
<mask> was born in Tularosa, New Mexico to <mask> and <mask>. She was one of nine children. Her family had originally come to New Mexico when the area still comprised a territory. Ortega's paternal grandfather arrived from Texas in the 1880s while on her mother's side, her great-grandfather Luciano had been one of the original settlers of Tularosa in 1862.Ortega's father, a former Justice of the Peace in nearby Bent, opened a blacksmith shop in Tularosa in 1928. By the 1940s, he owned a small restaurant with a dance hall attached in which the entire family worked. Ortega began to work in the restaurant at age 10, operating the cash register. Originally, Ortega grew up speaking only Spanish. She later learned English when she entered the local elementary school. As a teenager, Ortega worked as a teller at Otero County State Bank in order to earn enough money for college. She attended Eastern New Mexico University and graduated with honors in 1957 with a bachelor's degree in Business and Economics.Initially wanting to become a teacher, Ortega was dismayed by repeated instances of discrimination and, instead, opened a small accounting firm in Alamogordo with one of her sisters, a certified public accountant. The family had already relocated to that town when her father moved the growing restaurant business there in the 1940s and opened a furniture store. Banking career
In 1968, Ortega moved to Los Angeles where she became a CPA and joined the firm of Peat, Marwick, Mitchell
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& Company as a tax supervisor. She also worked as a cashier at Pan American National Bank, a financial institution founded in 1963 by Romana Acosta Bañuelos. Ortega became vice president of the bank in 1971 the same year that Bañuelos was sworn-in as U.S. Treasurer. Finally, in 1975, <mask> became president of Santa Ana State Bank, the first woman chief executive of a bank in the state. Ortega returned to New Mexico in 1977 in order to help run the family accounting firm.Under her stewardship, the company grew into the Otero Savings and Loan Association and, by 1983, had assets of $20 million. During this time, Ortega garnered numerous academic and business accolades for her efforts. Political appointments
<mask> was involved in Republican Party politics from an early age. "I was born a Republican," she has been quoted on several occasions. She often credited her father, a lifelong Republican, with her decision to join the Party. Ortega worked for Republicans at local and state levels initially as a type of low-key liaison to women and Hispanic groups in New Mexico. After her return to her home state, she became involved in the 1978 re-election campaign of Sen. <mask>i.In time, the senator became something of a political benefactor. In April 1982, <mask> was named to a 10-person Presidential Advisory Committee on Small and Minority Business Ownership by President Ronald Reagan. In December, she was appointed one of five members and chair of the Copyright Royal Commission, a federal agency established in 1976 to set royalty fees for the cable television and music entertainment industries. In 1983, Sen. <mask>, by that time chairman of the Senate Budget Committee, put forth <mask>'s name for the post of U.S. Treasurer. She was officially nominated by President Reagan on September 12 of
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that year. U.S. Treasurer
<mask> was sworn in on October 3, 1983 (however, she is listed by the Treasury Department as having begun her term on September 26). She was the tenth consecutive woman and the second-ever Hispanic to hold the office.At her swearing-in ceremony, three previous U.S. Treasurers attended: Francine Irving Neff, Bañuelos, and her immediate predecessor, Bay Buchanan. While Treasurer, Ortega oversaw a $220 million budget, raised $40 million toward the restoration of the Statue of Liberty, and helped to design a new currency to aid in preventing counterfeiting. She also spearheaded the effort to have the West Point Bullion Depository designated as an official United States Mint. Although soft-spoken in personal conversation, Ortega became known for her rhetorical speaking skills in public. "Her low-key authenticity works magic with an audience," one Treasury Department official is quoted as saying. In 1984, she was chosen to be the keynote speaker at that year's Republican National Convention- the first Hispanic woman to deliver the lead speech at a national convention. This was done in part to counter the selection of prominent New York governor Mario Cuomo at the Democratic National Convention.As the highest-ranking Hispanic (until the appointment of Lauro Cavazos as Secretary of Education in 1988) and one of only a few high-profile women in the Administration combined with the largely ceremonial nature of the Treasurer's office, <mask> was one of the key personnel utilized by the White House in outreach to both the Hispanic community and women's organizations. In 1984 alone, she logged almost 60,000 miles in appearances before Republican and Hispanic groups. In 1986, <mask> conducted a study that rejected the idea of changing the colors of $50 and $100 denomination
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bills in order to frustrate counterfeiters and drug lords with large amounts of such type of cash. This idea would later be partially incorporated into U.S. currency during subsequent administrations. After Reagan left office, <mask> was retained by the George H. W. Bush administration and reappointed to her post on January 20, 1989. She retired from the office in July and returned to her family firm in New Mexico. Post-Treasurer years
While Ortega returned to the private sector and business activities, she still maintained a low profile in political circles.In 1990, she was appointed by President Bush to serve as an Alternate Representative to the United Nations General Assembly for the duration of his administration. She also worked in an advisory capacity for the National Park Service and the non-profit organization, Executive Women in Government. <mask> served on the Boards of a number of large corporations: Ralston-Purina, Rayonier, Ultramar Diamond Shamrock, and, since 1992, Kroger. She has also continued her efforts on behalf of women in business while working at Catalyst, a business and research advisory firm. Ortega has received honorary degrees from Kean University, Villanova University, and her alma mater, Eastern New Mexico. Sicpa investigation
<mask>'s years as Treasurer came partially under scrutiny in 1992 when Sen. John Glenn, then chairman of the Senate Governmental Affairs Committee, investigated irregularities in the competitive bidding process used by the Treasury Department. Sen. Glenn's committee questioned the relationship between Robert J. Leuver, then director of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, and Maurice Amon, president of Sicpa Industries of America – the sole provider of the ink used for U.S. currency since 1982.In particular, Sen. Glenn was concerned
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over gifts and other gratuities received by Leuver from Amon's company. One focus of the investigation was a business trip taken to the Far East by several government and business officials, including <mask>, Leuver, and Amon, in 1985. Ortega was not implicated in any wrongdoing and Leuver was also exonerated from any impropriety during the course of the investigation. The Department of Justice declined to investigate the matter due to insufficient evidence supporting the claims. In 2002, Ortega's achievements from humble beginnings were recognized by the Horatio Alger Association of Distinguished Americans when she received the organization's Horatio Alger Award. Family life
Ortega has cited her family upbringing as her chief inspiration in life:
I am the product of a heritage that teaches strong family devotion, a commitment to earning a livelihood by hard work, patience, determination and . She has often singled out her father in particular, saying that "[he] taught me we were as good as anybody else, that we could accomplish anything we wanted ..."
Ortega was married briefly when she returned to New Mexico in the late 1970s.In interviews, she has declined to elaborate on that part of her life, insisting only that she be referred to as "Mrs. Ortega". In 1989, she married Lloyd J<mask>, a former general counsel with Merrill Lynch and currently a board member with World Cell, a wireless communications consulting firm. She has no children. Notes
External links
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1934 births
American politicians of Mexican descent
Eastern New Mexico University alumni
Hispanic and Latino American women in politics
Living people
New Mexico Republicans
People from Tularosa, New Mexico
Reagan administration personnel
Treasurers of the United States
Hispanic and Latino American people in New Mexico
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<mask> (born May 16, 1992) is a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger for the Buffalo Sabres of the National Hockey League (NHL). He previously played for the Carolina Hurricanes for eight seasons, and was an alternate captain of the Hurricanes from 2016 to 2018. Selected seventh overall by the Hurricanes in the 2010 NHL Entry Draft, <mask> was the youngest player in the NHL during the season and is the youngest player ever to play in the NHL All-Star Game, as well as any All-Star game within the four major North American sports leagues. He won the Calder Memorial Trophy for best rookie in the 2010–11 season, becoming the first Hurricanes player to do so. Early life
<mask> was born on May 16, 1992, to lawyers <mask> and Elisabeth Campin. He has five siblings, each of whom either are or have been involved with hockey. He is the second-youngest among those siblings, four of which are sisters: Jennifer, Andrea, Erica, and the youngest of the <mask> family, Jillian.Andrea formerly served as captain of the Cornell University women's hockey team and was named to Hockey Canada's board of directors in 2020. He also has one brother, Benjamin, who was in the Kitchener Rangers system, but now plays for the Herforder EV in Germany. Playing career
Involved in both ice hockey and figure skating growing up, he won a bronze medal in the juvenile division at the 2004 Canadian Junior National Figure Skating Championships. Soon after, he made the decision to focus solely on hockey. <mask> played minor ice hockey with the Toronto Jr. Canadians and Toronto Young Nationals of the Greater Toronto Hockey League and the Markham Waxers of the Ontario Minor Hockey Association. In his midget hockey career <mask> played on the
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